,.■;■*■ ■■'>.;■■ ■•-•■■ • ;:'-'''';''V:.',.''',- -■- ''■ ''■"'- ' THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES Parcel no 15. LZ'Ib'O i^>Vii WITH THE COMPLIMENTS OF The Castle Bookshop A . H . D O N C A S T E R MUSEUM STREET COLCHESTER, ESSEX Cokheiter 2b34 <N ^ '/: A't^/'- ^/ A LIST OF PALIMPSEST BRASSES IN GREAT BRITAIN COMPILED BV MILL STEPHENSON, B.A., F.SA Reprinted from The Transactio7is of the Monumental Brass Society^ Vol. IV., pp. 1-31, 97-135, 141-164, 189-211, 219-245, 251-288, 293-335. LONUON JOHN BALE, SONS & DANIELSSON, Ltd 83-89, Great Titchfield Street, W. MCMIII tYB \'^ S^s it CONTENTS. PAGE Bedfordshire ... ■■• ■•• ••■ ••• •■ ^ Berkshire ..■ ■■• ••• ••• •• ^ Buckinghamshire ... Cambridgeshire ... ■ ■ ••• ••• ••• ■ • '' Cheshire ... ... ■■• ••• ••■ •• ••• ~° Cornwall... . ••• ••• ■•■ •• •■ "' Cumberland ... ■■ ■•• ••• ••• ••■ ^5 Derbyshire Devonshire ... ■•. ••• ■• •■ ^9 Dorsetshire ... ■•■ ••■ •■ 3° Durham ... ... ■• • • •■• •• ■• 3' Essex ... .. . •■• ••• • •• ••• 3' Gloucestershire ... ... ■•• ••• ••• ••• 53 Hampshire ... •■• ••• •• •• •■ 53 Isle of Wight ... 56 Herefordshire ... ■. •• • ■ ••■ ■•• 5*^ Hertfordshire ... ... ■• ••■ ••• ••• 5^ Huntingdonshire ... . . • ■ •• •• •■■ "9 Kent ... , 69 Lancashire ... ... • ■ ■•• ■■• •■• "^7 Leicestershire ... ■■■ ■•• •• •■■ ••• "^9 Lincolnshire ... ■• ■ •• ••• ••■ • ■ 93 Middlesex 'oo Monmouthshire ... •■ ■■• ••■ ••• •■• ^^5 Norfolk ... ... ... ••• •■■ ••• •■• n^^ Northamptonshire ... ••■ ■•• ••• ••■ '4- Northumbeiland ... ... ••• ••• ••• ■■• M2 Nottinghamshire ... ... ■•• •■• ••• •■• '4- Oxfordshire ... ••• ••• •■■ ••■ •• '43 Rutland ... ... ... ••• •■• ••• •• '54 Shropshire ... ... • •■ ■ •• ••• •• '54 Somersetshire . • ••• ••• •■• ••• '54 Staffordshire ... ... ••■ ••• •• ••• '55 942619 IV, Contents. Suffolk 162 Surrey 166 Sussex 178 Warwickshire 181 Westmorland .. 183 Wiltshire... 184 Worcestershire 189 Yorkshire 189 Ireland ... 197 Scotland... 197 Wales 199 Private Possession 199 Derelicts... 201 Additions and Corrections ... 203 Summary 214 Index 225 Lisi of Illiistrafioiis. V. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Denchworth, Berks. .. Reading, St. Lawrence, Berks. Denham, Bucks. Chester, Holy Trinity Yealmpton, Devon. ... Aveley, Essex Brightlingsea, Essex Fryerning, Essex Stondon Massey, Essex Strethall, Essex Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex Upminster, Essex Walthamstow, Essex Gloucester, Temple Church Bayford, Herts. Hertingfordbury, Herts. St. Alban's Abbey, Herts. Walkern, Herts. Aylesford, Kent Erith, Kent... West Mailing, Kent. Margate, Kent Minster (Sheppey), Kent Shorne, Kent Sibertsvvould, Kent Westerham, Kent Great Bowden, Leic. Boston, Line. Harrow, Middlesex Isleworth, Middlesex London, All Hallows Barkinj London, British Museum Felmingham, Norfolk Halvergate, Norfolk... Merton, Norfolk Norwich, St. John Maddermarket , St. Martin-at-Palace „ St. Peter Mancroft ... .. 6 fo face 8 II 12 ... 21 30 32 33 35 37 40 42, 43, 44 46 47, 49 50 51 52 54 58 62 64 67 ,68 69 to face 73 76 77 78 81 ... 83 84 85, 86 ... 88 ... 93 104, 105 ] 06, 107 1 09 II, 112, 113, 212 ... 117 I 18, 119 ... 121 123,126 132 VI. Lisi of Ilhisfrafions, Norwich, Strangers' Hall Great Ormesby, Norfolk Paston, Norfolk Salhouse, Norfolk ... Sail, Norfolk Stanton St. John, Oxon. Clifton Campville, Staffs. Ampton, Suffolk Hadleigh, Suffolk Halesworth, Suffolk Betchworth, Surrey Cambervvell, Surrey Cheam, Surrey Cobham, Surrey Walton-on-Thames, Surrey Morland, Westmorland Howden, Yorks. Rotherham, Yorks. ... Sessay, Yorks. Winestead, Yorks. ... Private Possession ... Derelicts Tideswell, Derby. ... Hackney, Middlesex London, British Museum I'AGF. ••• 135 ••• 135 136, 137 ••• 139 ... 139 ... 152 ... 155 ... 162 ... 165 ... 166 ... 167 ... 169 170, 171 ••• 173 ... 177 ... 183 ... 189 ... 191 193, J95 ... 197 . . . 200 20[, 203 ... 205 ... 210 212 A LIST OF PALIMPSEST BRASSES. Compiled by Mill Stephenson, B.A., F.S.A. An attempt is here made to compile a complete list of the palimpsest brasses so far as at present known. Such a list must necessarily be more or less imperfect, but is published in the hope that not only members of our own Society, but those of the Oxford Society, and brass rubbers generally, may be able to add to or correct the information which the writer has been able to get together. Any additional information, corrections, or rubbings of unrecorded palimpsests, will be thankfully received by the writer if sent to 14, Ritherdon Road, Upper Tooting, London, S.W. The palimpsests are described in the first instance under counties, but it is proposed to sum up and discuss the various classes at the close of the paper. The term obverse is in all cases used to denote the later or more modern side of the brass, and the term reverse the earlier work. BEDFORDSHIRE. B ROM HAM. This fine and well-known brass belongs to the class of appro- priated or adapted memorials. It consists of the figure of a man in complete plate armour, with collar of SS., two ladies, a triple I canopy, two shields between the heads of the figures, three shields (two lost) on the finials of the canopy, a foot inscription and a marginal inscription. The date is between 1430 and 1440. In 1535 the brass was converted into a memorial for Sir John Dyve, his mother Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Thomas Wilde, Esq., and [his wife Isabel, daughter and heiress of Sir Ralph Hastings, but the only change made was the substitution of a new foot inscription (perhaps only the old plate turned over and re- engraved) and the introduction of new shields on the finials of the canopy. The two original shields between the heads of the figures are, at present, the only clue to the persons originally commemorated. The dexter shield bears (civg.), a fess and a canton (gn.) Widville, impaling . . . . a chevron . . . between three lions dormant, the two in chief facing each other . . . , probably for Lyons. The sinister shield bears Widville impaling . . . on a chief . . . a fleiir-de-lys . . . . , at present unidentified.^ The brass is usually attributed to Thomas Widville, 1435, and his two wives, Elizabeth and Alice, whose maiden names are unknown. John Widville, the father of Thomas, is supposed to have married a daughter of the Lyons family, and it may be that these two shields are merely commemorative of earlier family alliances, and that the shields on the finials would have contained the arms of Thomas and his two wives. The shield, at present remaining on the centre finial, bears the arms of Dyve, {gu.), a fess dancetty or between three escallops (erm.). The foot inscription, bearing the following words : Sl^ntri0 Coniuffie/ n mtUo inert Hit matmn mater (Elijflbctlj l)ttt0 ^Ijome MiiU ^vmiQCvi Coniur Isabella \)ttc0 Eatiulplji l^agt^ngfif milit' ct Ijic sjepilitugf iii" j^oumxbm Sin° 1535 is either an insertion or may be the original plate turned over and re-engraved. Until this plate and Dyve shield can be examined the question of the identity of the original persons commemorated must remain in its present state of uncertainty. The brass is engraved in Lysons' Magna Britannia, vol. i. p. 163, and is fully described by Mr. H. K. St. J. Sanderson in his Bedfordshire List published in the Transactions, vol. ii. p. 8i. ' The family of Roger or Rogers, of Dorset, bore Arg., on a chief or, a Jlenr- de-lys gu. Flitton. Obverse. Thomas Waren, Gent., 1544, in armour, and wife Elizabeth ; male effigy and children lost ; inscription mutilated, small, now mural, North Aisle. The inscription only is palimpsest and has been broken into three pieces, whereof two are now missing. Mr. Sanderson- only notices one piece, but an old rubbing in the writer's collection contains one of the missing pieces which luckily completes the rhymes on the reverse. The Waren inscription reads thus : , , . . I 0oule of Cljomaef (Mav \ m o:entilmnit $ (Elijalictlj .... I maef ti['eti p jscconti da^ | of C^ctobcr a° 9^ IDc .... I Qiic of l^^uQ ^mv^ ^£ tjiii | on toljojje ^oulr^ 3|l)u Ijatic m't^ Simm. The first portion has been missing for years, the second has more recently disappeared, the third still remains in the church and is quoted by Mr. Sanderson. Reverse. The second and third portions of the inscription bear the following verses : ^uiH tumulu cerui0. Cue no mortalia | ^pni^. '(lali naq? Uomo (?) clautiit' omiiie Ijomo (?) ;^in0qui!S cri0 | qui transient 0ta »leo:e plora. »)um quoti cri0 fucramqj quoti ref | pro mc prccor ora. Luton. Obverse. Isabel Hay, 1455, head gone, nearly effaced, broken in two pieces, the upper part (now lost) measuring 6 inches and the lower 14 inches. The remaining piece is loose in the church chest. This fragment, together with the inscription in twelve Latin verses, is all that remains of the brass to John Hay, for thirty years steward to the Archbishop of Canterbury, repairer of - Bedfordshire Brasses in Trans. Mon. Br. Soc, vol. ii. p. 160. churches and roads, dec, 1455, and wives Anne (with three chil- dren) and Isabel. It was formerly in the North Aisle. Reverse. Portions of canopy work of curious design, the shaft of the canopy composed of a series of scrolls. The work is un- finished and appears to be a "waster" from the workshop. Haines conjectures it to be of foreign manufacture, but it seems to be English origin, of about the same date as the obverse. A rubbing of the obverse and reverse complete is in the Col- lection of the Society of Antiquaries. POTTESGROVE. Obverse. Wm. Saunders, Gent., 1563, in civil dress, wife Isabel, and inscription. The lower part and feet of the male figure lost, only the centre of the female figure remains, half the inscription is also lost, the remaining portion being much broken and damaged. In its present condition the male figure measures i3|- inches in length, the female gi inches, and the inscription ii| X 52 inches. The brasses are now screwed to a wooden board affixed to the south side of the Chancel wall. Reverse. The male figure is cut out of a portion of a large Flemish brass, c. 1360-70, and shows portions of canopy work with a background diapered with crowned monsters, butterflies, &c. The fragment of the female figure shows a portion of the upper right-hand corner of the same brass, there is a small por- tion of the same diapered background with the symbol of St. Matthew in the corner, and a few mutilated letters of a marginal inscription enclosed by a small border ornamented with four leaved flowers. The back of the inscription plate is much damaged and may or may not have belonged to the same brass. It appears to be made up of fragments, certainly of foreign work- manship, but too much damaged to say with certainty whether belonging to the other pieces or not. The obverse and reverse of this brass have been fully described and illustrated by Mr. H. K. St. J. Sanderson in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. pp. 6-g. BERKSHIRE. Blewbury. John Latton, Esq., of Chilton, 1548, in tabard, and wife Anne, with six sons (now lost) and nine daughters ; effigy of another wife lost ; inscription and four shields of arms, Chancel floor. A few years ago a portion of the inscription became loose and was found to be palimpsest. It was examined and recorded^ by Mr. W. H. Richardson, F.S.A., to whom the writer is indebted for the information, but unfortunately fastened down again before any rubbing or any note of the reverse was made. COOKHAM. Obverse. Raffe More, Gent., 1577, in civil dress, and wife Mary, daughter of John Babham, Esq., with ten English verses and a marginal inscription, the whole much mutilated, North Aisle. The marginal inscription, when complete, read thus: -j- l^crc IjTtlj tljc lioDj^' of Eaffc a^ore (Bcnf loljo mnrricti ^ai7' tljc tiatiffljtcr of 3]oljn Babljam, ciBefq. ^j purdjasJeH mijitcplacc BuUoclxO anti ^Ijnfocic^ ann otijcr lanti^ iw CoUdjam anti tipcti toitljout mnt of lji0 liotij'e on tlje fcaeft tia^ of ^t. games tljc apostle \\\ tlje ['caie of our lortie d^oti 1577. Reverse. At the restoration of the church in i860, three pieces of this brass were found to be palimpsest. The largest piece consists of the centre portion of the figure of Mary More from the waist downwards. This piece measures twelve inches in length and is cut out of a portion of a Flemish brass of late fifteenth century work. It bears a small portion of a head, apparently wearing a round topped bascinet, and surrounded with canopy and diaper work. The centre arch of the canopy is cusped below and crocketted with oak leaves, one of which is entire. The background is diapered with foliage, &c., in squares outlined by small roundels or nail heads. The smaller pieces ■consist of two portions of the marginal inscription, one, 8| inches in length, bearing the words " here lyeth the," has on the reverse a few Lombardic letters, (^^iBj^ + ^^ + IFl^ ^^eing a portion of a Latin inscription from an early Flemish brass. The other, 9 inches in length, bearing the words "and shafseies a," ^ Transactions Nexvhury Field Club, vol. iv. p. 56. has on the reverse a few engraved lines, apparently part of a female face. All are now fastened down and the brass nearly covered by the organ. Denchworth. Obverse. William Hyde, Esq., 1557, in armour, and wife Margery [Cater, of Letcombe Regis] , 1562, with twelve sons and eight daughters, ten English verses and inscription, relaid and now mural, Chancel. The inscription only is palimpsest. It measures 17I x 52 inches, and reads thus : j^uijSquijS trang^ierigf pro no^tcief ora aiabugf Ct 31uncto0 tumulo tu prcce 31uno:c turo. ^^t toljiclje Mlpllm ^^^c c^qu^n ticcee>£>^ti tijc srecontie tia^ of 9^a}>c in tljc ^cre of our lortir (Boti ^€€€€€%}I>ii anti tlje gfaptic a^argerj^ Iji^ to^fe tircrg^e^'ti tljr xxUi tia^ of 31uit^ ill tlje ^crc of oure lorlie (15oti 9^€€€€€%dBii. Reverse. The reverse of this inscription shows another inscrip- tion of great historic value, and fortunately complete. It is in French, and records the laying of a foundation stone of Bisham Priory by King Edward III., in commemoration of his victories at Berwick in 1333, and at the request of Sir William de Mountagu, the founder of the Priory. itirfoiptoqupft la teraiHe toqs %Ia diMirda S}allrsan Denchworth, Berks. The inscription is as follows : Ctitoarti Eo[' 2Dan0:Irt'c qc fijst \c m^c tiniant la €itc tie 3t retoj^k t coquj^eft la bntaillf illeoqcf i la tiite Cite la brille 0ein tt 9^avQavttt Ian Uc grce. 91^. CCC dB^^iii. nmt ccm't pere a la requejEftc »)ire ^(lliUiam ti^ Sl^otintagu fountiouc De centre me0oun. The capitulation of Berwick took place on St. Margaret's day, 1333, and Sir William de Montagu was one of the signatories to the treaty of surrender. The foundation charter of the priory of Bisham is dated loth April, 1336. The palimpsest plate is now fastened by movable screws. Reading, St. Lawrence. Obverse. Water Barton, Gent., 1538, in civil dress, with inscription. Effigy 23J inches in height ; inscription plate 28| x 5| inches. Reverse. The entire brass is made of portions of the brass of Sir John Popham, who died in 1463, and was buried, according to Stowe,* in the Charterhouse, London. The upper part of the figure of Water Barton shows the pointed sollerets and a greater portion of a lion on which the feet rested. The lower portion of the figure shows the hilt of the sword and a portion of the tabard, giving enough to identify the two lower quarterings as those of Zouch and Popham. The Popham inscription is fortunately preserved entire on the reverse of Barton's inscription and reads thus : "^ic iacct 3iO\ji0 popljam mik0 q°tim lingf tie ^unxt}} in i^ormanUia $ tine? tic Cljarticforti tic 3Dcnc ac tic aibinjytan tt alibi in SinQiia qui oluit i-iiii° Hie mcn0' ^prilicf anno tiiti millnio <Z€€€°JL^iii'' tnV aic ypirict' tic The Rev. Charles Kerry, in his History of the Church of St. Lawrence, Reading, p. 136, says, " The old ledger on which Bar- ton's brass was laid was undoubtedly the very slab which covered * Stowe's Survey 0/ London, ed. 1633, p. 478b. 8 the body of Sir John Popham. In adapting it for a second memorial, the old matrices were chiselled out and the stone rubbed down, but the bottoms of most of the rivet-holes contain- ing the leaded rivets remain, indicating the bearings of the original. The principal figure stood beneath a canopy. The knight was habited in a tabard of arms, and the fragment taken from the left-hand side of the figure exhibits the fourth and part of the third quarterings with the hilt of the contiguous sword. The tail of the lion passed under the foot of the knight and ter- minated in a graceful curve by the side of the sword. The soUerets, exhibiting seven laminae, are finely pointed." The arms of Popham, arg., on a chief gu. two stags' heads cahossed or, quartering Zouch of Dene, gu., a chevron arg. between ten bezants, six in chief and four in base, are on a brass to the Forster family in the neighbouring church of Aldermaston, and were also in painted glass in the windows of the Hall. Sir George Forster, of Aldermaston, who died in 1533, is described on his sumptuous tomb as " coson and one of the heyres of Sir Stephyn Popham." The brass is now set in a hinged copper frame fastened to the north pier of the chancel arch. The obverse is engraved in Views of Reading Abbey and Churches, vol. i. p. 54, and the obverse and reverse in Kerry's History of St. Lawrence's Church, p. 134. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. Chalfont St. Giles. Obverse. Inscription to John Salter, 1523, and wife Elsabeth. Size of plate, 21 x 3I inches. £)f ^0' djaritr praj^ for tljc EfoulesJ of Jolju Salter aun dlmbctl) lji0 topf tlje bjljidjc 3|oIjit ticreef^eti t\)t xii tia[? of nprdl ^n tlje ^tvt of our lorti pD Sl^iD^5H9!^ui on toljo^e jsoulcjs ilju Ijnue merc^ amen. Reverse. Another inscription, slightly mutilated at each end, to Thomas Bredham, 1521, and wife Anne. (Pra)[' for t\)c jjoulcef of ^IjomasJ Brcnljam of tlje peri0!3lje ^ .MlopjpflgMgte iiuflfiiiiiisl^iini mjapaiiSttfttii Palimpsest Brass, 1538 and 1463, Reading, St. Lawrence, Berks. f CT na^ . . , , tl)e ^er of o^ lorU 9^m%%i on toijogfe 0onU0 iljii Ijaiie mcr(cp amen) ' The brass is now placed in a hinged frame fastened to the wall of the North Aisle, For many years it was nailed against the Stone House in this parish, but was restored to the church by Miss Saunderson. Chalfont St. Peter. Effigy of a priest in eucharistic vestments, c. 1440. Height 1 5 inches. This has been slightly altered by the addition of shading and the rounding of the toes. A new inscription has then been been added to Sir Robert Hanson, vicar of Chalfont St. Peter and of Little Missenden, who died in 1545. Chicheley. Obverse. Anthony Cave, Esq., merchant of the Staple of Calais, lord of the manor of Chicheley, 1558, in armour, and wife Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Lovell, Esq., of Astwell, with inscription and three shields of arms, one lost. The brass is engraved in G. Lipscomb's History of Buckinghamshire, vol. iv. p. 97 ; and the figures only in R. E. C. Waters' Genealogical Memoirs of the Extinct Family of Chester of Chicheley, p. 84. Reverse. Haines in his Mamial of Momimental Brasses, part ii. p. 260, under "Addenda and Corrigenda," states that "on the reverse of a shield is part of an English inscription." The writer has been unable to see a rubbing and would be grateful for further information. Middle Claydon. In 1897, Mr. Alfred Heneage Cocks, Hon. Sec. Bucks. Arch. Soc, communicated the following note to the Records of Bucking- hamshire, vol. vii. p. 529, " During some recent repairs at Middle Claydon Church, the large brass to the memory of Roger Gyffard, Esq., and Mary his wife (the former of whom died 1542, the date 10 of the lady's death being imperfect), was temporarily removed for its better preservation. It, fortunately, then came under the notice of our indefatigable honorary member, Mr. Arthur Clere, who found that the inscription plate below the figures is a palimpsest. He has very kindly sent me a rubbing of the original inscription, with the remark, ' I was not able to get a good rubbing of the reverse side, as the engraver in cutting the more modern inscrip- tion cut through the brass in several places, which he filled up with solder, and so obliterated some of the words.' The plate measures 2ft. 6fin. long x 5in. high. In the first line, the mid- dle of the name " Bellingham " is a blank, bounded by fragments of the letters / or //, and g. At the end of the same line there is a space of ixV'^- after the abbreviated form of Hybernia so it is possible something else was originally there. At the end of the second line, the context, and the space, suggest the disappearance of the abbreviated form of Domini ; similarly at the end of the third line a small portion of a capital A suggests that the ensuing space contained the word Anno ; and at the end of the last line the termination of the ornament is missing, and the word miseri- cordiam is slightly imperfect." Mr. Cocks reads the inscription thus : ^rate pro aiabj Mlaltm Bel[Un]0:l)m ^lia0 tiicti ^al= tcri 3|rrlonnc Wi^m^ armor' in H^j^brrnia (Et Clpjabftlj' uxovi0 tim qui quitim (ItllaltrrujS obiit trrcio t)ir mni0i0 Sl^aii anno [tiiii] gi^ilUmo €€€€°%^dBdBm. €)biitque ticta Cl^jabetlj xir tiie 9^rn0i0 9^m rotirm ^[nno] quorum animr prr tiri mi0ericortiiam 31^^ cterna pace requic0cant. ^mnt. The brass of Roger GyfFard is engraved in Lipscomb's History of Bucks., vol. i. p. 194, and there is a small cut of the Belling- ham inscription accompanying Mr. Cocks' description of the plate in the Bucks. Records. Denham. Obverse. Amphillis, daughter of Sir Edmund Peckham, 1545, with foot inscription and shield. Effigy 15^ inches high, inscription 15I x 5 inches, shield 5I X 4f inches. II • • AMPIIILLIS I'F.CKIIAM, 1545, DENHAM, BUCKS. (^ linear.) 12 dMMx liife Reverse of Brass of Amphillis Peckham, Denham, Bucks. (J linear. ) 13 Haines mentions this brass as lost. Fortunately this is not the case. It was loose in 1894 and was exhibited at a meeting of the Society of Antiquaries by the Rev. R. H. Lathbury, M.A., rector of Denham, in whose custody it then was. Reverse. On the reverse of the figure of the lady is another figure of a friar, in gown and hose, with his hands folded within his sleeves, and a knotted cord hanging from his girdle. The figure has been slightly mutilated at the top and bottom, the ears and tonsure having been partly cut away, and the feet altogether removed. The reverse of the inscription bears the following, which may or may not be the epitaph of the friar : ^wi trancficf eficftc. motiicu Ictyc quicf fait i0te ^ni mtt occultuef. Ijic iSuli tcUurc scpultus 3|ix lanport nat'. iattt \)\t 3IoIjn ^^kt tumiilat' cut m 0albatu0. ati xpm funtie prccatu^. On the reverse of the shield is its original bearing, a birchrod surmounting a mace or staff of office in saltire between the letters arranged in cross. It is uncertain how these letters should be read. They may stand for Magistev Johannes Pyhe Scholaris, or for Johannes Pyke Magister Schola;. In either case the birch would be appropriate. The meaning of the mace is difficult to account for, unless it be a ferule or badge of authority of a schoolmaster. The date of the earlier brass, and the three pieces seem as in the later case to form one memorial, is c. 1440. Both sides of the brass are illustrated in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. xv. pp. 230, 231, and are here reproduced by kind permission of the Society. Ellesborough. A shield belonging to the brass of Thomas Hawtrey, Esq., 1554, and wife Sybell, with eleven sons and seven daughters, shows traces of alteration. Originally the charge appears to have been a plain cross, this has been erased and the arms of Hawtrey, (Arg.) three lions rampant in bend between four cotises (sa.), substi- tuted. The brass is now placed on the v/all of the South Aisle. 14 Eton College Chapel. I. Obverse. Three-quarter effigy, 13 inches high, of Thomas Edgcomb, fellow and vice-provost of Eton, 1545, in academical dress, with inscription, 17^ X 9 inches, in ten Latin verses. The effigy is palimpsest. Reverse. The figure of Thomas Edgcomb is cut out of an earlier plate and contains portions of an inscription in ten Latin verses. The writer has no rubbing of the reverse, but a full description will appear in the next number of the Oxford Journal of Monumental Brasses, in the continuation of Mr. T. Eustace Harwood's paper on the Eton Brasses, the first instalment of which has already appeared. IL Obverse. Effigy of EHzabeth, wife of Robert Stokys, 1560, with inscription. Effigy 23^ inches high, inscription plate 22|^ x 4 inches. Apparently the work of the Norwich school of en- gravers. The figure of Robert Stokys, who also died in 1560, and the children, are lost. The inscription only is palimpsest. Reverse. On the back of the inscription is another inscription to Walter Haugh, 1505, and wives Margaret and Isabel. €)ratc p. ^mbj ^(llflltcri ijaufflj Sl^argarete $ J^aMk tirorum ciu^ tt p. quibj ticu0 (IcLlaltn*u0 orare ttmv qui quitim (lillalterucf obiit ^OTu° Hie notinnbri0 ^nno tini millimo €€<l€€°\)° quor' ^lab? opiciet' tie'. This inscription also appears to belong to the Norwich school. The curious expression, "pro quibus orare tenetur " frequently occurs on inscriptions in Norfolk, most, if not all, belonging to the local school. Hedgerley. Obverse. Margaret, wife of Edward Bulstrode, 1540, with 15 group of ten sons and three daughters, shield (mutilated), and foot inscription. Effigy 2oJ inches high, inscription 22J x 2f inches, shield 8x6^ inches, and group of children 6^ x 12^ inches. All palimpsest. Reverse. The figure of the lady is cut out of an inscription in English verse, which is only partly legible, but, according to Haines, reads thus : . . . . ef (Etione: bj? Ijp0 ff'ue (?) sftone [ili]o mane more gentj^U mpgljt be : ^o rpclje auti pore fful of liotote 5ailm['g:ljt^ pti of Ijief graee : proiiiti l)j'm leke pltie iit tlje fforuace dBlantie ^z bjiic? Ijere to be bette : \^tM l^^ie jjeke i 0ore I I) 10 eatoet purjyj^ti from jj^ntne : nef a of (?) bap(?)tpie. On the back of the inscription is another inscription to Thomas Totyngton, Abbot of Bury, who died in 1312, but the plate does not seem to have been cut before the sixteenth century. It runs thus : ^ot^niffton fcITljomacf CtimTItii qi fait nbbas ^it iiicet e0to pia gfibi tiuct'r u'o:o maria The group of children has been cut out of the lower portion of the figure of a bishop or abbot, c. 1530, showing the chasuble, staff of the crosier with vexillum, and dalmatic. On the reverse of the shield are portions of canopy work with a representation of our Lord's resurrection, and a small fragment of the figure of some saint. Notices of this palimpsest occur in Archaologia, vol. xxx. p. 121; Archaological Journal, vol. x. p. 76; and in Haines' Introduction, p. xlv. Stone. Obverse. Thomas Gorney, 1520, in civil dress, and wife Agnes, with six sons and three daughters, and foot inscription. Effigies 16^ inches high, inscription 2o|- x 3 inches, children 5| inches high. The male effigy and inscription palimpsest. i6 Reverse. On the back of the male effigy is the figure of a lady, c. 1440-50, and on the back of the inscription is another incom- plete inscription to Christopher Tharpe, who is said to have died in 1514. It reads thus : ^f ^>^ c^arite pra^' for tljc 0oule of ^pofer TOarpe baljicije tieceef^cti tijr rrbiii Dap of ^eptcmbrc p^ ^^u . . . The two inscriptions are engraved in the Records of Bucking- hamshire, vol. ii. p. 175, and a lithograph of the brass and palimpsests, full size, has also been privately (?) printed. Taplow. Obverse. Thomas Manfelde, Esq., 1540, in armour, right foot lost, and two wives, Agnes (Trewonwall), and Katherine, who survived him, with foot inscription and three shields. Male effigy 20 inches high, female effigies i8|- inches, and inscription 23^ x 5 inches. The three figures and inscription palimpsest. Reverse. The figure of Thomas Manfelde is cut out of a large figure of a lady, apparently a widow, c. 1490 (?), or possibly earlier. The left arm, a portion of the hand, portions of the mantle with its long cord and tassels, and indications of the under-dress alone remain. The figure of the wife on his right hand is composed of two fragments of earlier brasses. The upper and larger fragment, 15^ inches in length, is cut out of a larger figure, but owing to the pitch and solder adhering to the surface it is impossible to say what the figure originally was. In the rubbing only a few lines show. The lower portion, 3x6 inches, shows the face and neck of a lady, with a linked chain round the latter. The date appears to be c. 1470, and the head may possibly have belonged to the lady whose body now forms part of the inscription. The figure of the wife on his left hand is made up of three pieces of earlier work, but the whole is much obscured by pitch and solder. The upper portion of the figure, 12 inches in length, although split across diagonally, appears to be composed of por- tions of the brass of an ecclesiastic, the fringed end of a stole or maniple just appearing. The lower portion, 7 inches in length, is cut out of an inscription in English verse. This inscription 17 was in double columns, but only a few words at the end of the first column remain, and only the fragments of two letters at the beginning of the second : " lo^e Ijat!) pone me obec tljrobje be not eflotoe to Cecil^e . . . . f ^ork trulpe. »>,... The inscription plate consists of two pieces of earlier work. The larger, 20^ inches in length, is cut out of a large figure of a lady, c. 1470? At the top the figure is cut off just about the shoulders, and below a little above the feet. Enough remains to show that the gown had an opening at the neck in the shape of a pointed oval, was close-fitting and high-waisted, with a plain girdle. The sleeves close and the cuffs of fur. Possibly the head, previously mentioned, may have belonged to this figure. The smaller piece of the inscription, about 3 inches in length, has a few engraved lines only, showing the folds of some garment, either the dress of a lady, or the chasuble of a priest. II. Obverse. A black letter inscription in twelve English verses to Ursula, wife of Thomas Jones, c. 1570. Size of plate, 15I x 9J inches. Reverse. This plate is made up of the figure of a lady, c. 1500-20, cut into three pieces. Beginning on the left-hand side, the first plate, 4^ inches in width, bears the head and hands of the lady. The plate is cut across the forehead and across the fur cuffs at the wrists. Enough remains to show the face, part of the kennel-shaped head-dress, the hands and the fur cuffs. The lady was facing to the right, so may have been one of a pair of wives. The centre portion, 6f inches across, shows the lower part of the figure and the feet, with the end of the long girdle. The right-hand plate, ^\ inches across, shows the centre of the figure with the upper part of the girdle. Owing to the curious manner in which the figure has been cut up the pieces do not accurately join, but all seem to belong to the same figure. 2 t8 III. Obverse. An inscription, ig x 5^ inches, to Robert Manfelde, Esq., who served Kings Henry V. and VI. This inscription is in Roman capitals, and appears to have been engraved c. 1600. Fragments of an earlier marginal inscription to this same Robert Manfyld, who died in 1459 (?), remain in the church. The later inscription reads thus : CoNDiTVR Hic Miles, Robertvs nomine Manfelde AVLICVS EFFVLGENS HeNRICI TEMPORE QVINTI Qvi VARIOS SVBIIT SVMO PRO ReGE LABORES DVM GaLLOS ET NoRMANNOS per BELLA DORMABAT ArMIGER AC QVARTVS H : PRO TVTAMINE SEXTI EXTITIT ELECTVS, DVM MORS IN FVNERA TRAXIT. Reverse. This shows about three-quarters of the figure of a civilian, c. 1500, from the hands to the feet. He wears the usual gown of the period with deep fur cuffs, and has a large gypciere attached to his girdle. The writer is indebted to Mr. James Rutland, of Taplow, for the loan of the rubbings of these palimpsests. All are now relaid in the new church and fastened down. CAMBRIDGESHIRE. BURWELL. Obverse. A figure in cassock, surplice, and almuce, head on cushion, originally under triple canopy, but only the centre pedi- ment, with a figure of our Lord in Pity, remains. Marginal inscription lost. Effigy 54 inches in height, size of whole com- position 114 X 5i| inches. Generally and probably correctly attributed to John Lawrence, of Wardeboys, Hunts, abbot of Ramsey, 1508-39, who died in 1542, and was buried, according to the directions in his will, in Burwell church. Reverse. The remaining pediment of the canopy, excluding the figure of our Lord, is made up of three pieces of an early figure of a deacon, c. 1320 (?). The bottom portion of the canopy, a plate of brass measuring 8 inches in height x 14 inches in width, shows the dalmatic with its fringed edge and orphreys, 19 and also a portion of the maniple. The centre portion, a small piece of the finial, shows the embroidered amice at the neck, and the top piece the face of the figure. The effigy is composed of two pieces of metal, the upper hav- ing nothing on the reverse. The lower, measuring 28 inclies in length, bears thfe lower half of an abbot in rich vestments. The figure is represented wearing the albe, stole, dalmatic, tunic, maniple, and chasuble. The dalmatic, tunic and chasuble are richly embroidered. The staff of the crosier also appears with the tassel of the vexillum just showing. That the slab was prepared for the brass of a mitred figure is proved by the fact that the indent for the mitre still shows above the head of the present figure, and that the lower part of the figure originally occupied its present position is proved by its fitting the indent exactly when reversed, but not so when as at present. The monument may therefore have been prepared by John Lawrence when abbot of Ramsey, and the figure altered either by himself or by his executors to suit the changed times. In order to do this a new upper half had to be provided for the figure, as it was impossible to adapt the old part to the changed conditions. The brass as it now remains consists, therefore, of three parts : (i) the obverse of the canopy and the reverse of the lower part of the figure, of date c. 1520; (2) the upper part of the figure and the obverse of the lower part, of date c. 1540 ; (3) the reverse of the canopy, of date, c. 1320 (?). The obverse and reverse of the brass are beautifully engraved in Messrs. Wallers' Scries of Monumental Brasses, and also by the same engravers in the Publications of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society, vol. ii. pi. i. Part of the effigy representing the lower portion of the abbot is engraved in Haines' Introduction, p. ixviii. Cambridge, Queens' College Chapel. According to the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. pp. no, 271, one of the crests at the corners of the mar- ginal inscription to Robert Whalley, 1591, is palimpsest, and bears a fragment of a Latin inscription to Thomas Cla..., 147 ., on the reverse. It is thus described at p. 271, "A fragment of an inscription on the reverse of the upper dexter corner-piece. This fragment is 3 x 3^ inches, and bears in black letter, the following words " : 20 Uljomcf Cla ... . . . rn^teU qi obiit . . . ....(m)o €€(t (l°^dB^ . . . . The loose piece is in the possession of the College authorities. In 1897 ^11 the brasses still remained in the old chapel now used as a lecture room. Grantchester. Described as follows in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. iii. p. 24: "On the north side of the chancel floor, the matrix of an inscription plate, 2| x 1 1 inches. A small frag- ment of the plate (4 inches of one end) is in the keeping of the incumbent. It is inscribed in black letter as follows" : ^vatc p ala m cava tic (Bncn .... *' The reverse is also inscribed in black letter as follows" : .... tic ^tobjc ^n .... miffcabit CHESHIRE. Chester, Holy Trinity. Obverse. Inscription, 17^ x 8|- inches, to Henry Gee, twice mayor of Chester, who died in 1545. ^crc tinticc l^^ctlj biir^'cti tljc botij? of ^cnr^ (I5cc ttoo mma ma^cr o£ tijijs cctj^'c ot Cljc0tcr iljj^cljc ticcc^^^ti tljc titJj tia^ o£ September ^n" mi a^'Dalb" on "txiW^ 0onl\c ilju Ijabc mcrc^. Reverse. This inscription has been cut out of a large brass representing a man in armour, c. 1520-30, wearing the mantle and insignia of the Order of the Garter. The fragment shows the left leg from the top of the knee to the instep. The knee is encircled by the garter in the usual manner, but the motto does not appear. A portion of the mantle remains, together with one of the long 21 tasselled cords used for fastening this garment. The fragment resembles in style the well-known brass to Sir Thomas Bullen, K.G., 1538, at Hever, Kent. Chester, Holy Trinity. Reverse of Inscription. CORNWALL. CONSTANTINE. Obverse. Rich. Gerveys, Esq., in civil dress, and wife Jane, daughter of Thomas Trefusis, Esq., both buried 8th October, 1574, "\vith eight sons and eight daughters, quadrangular plate with canopy, detached marginal inscription, peculiar. Engraved E. H. W. Dunkin's Monumental Brasses of Cornwall, pi. xxxiii. 22 Reverse. The quadrangular plate on which are engraved the effigies of Richard Gerveys, wife, and children, is really composed of two earlier plates soldered together. The upper portion shows the figure of a man in armour, cut off at the waist and across the forehead ; his head is bare, long curly hair shows above the ears, and he has beard and moustache. His head rests on a richly diapered cushion supported by angels. Over his armour he wears a jupon charged with his arms, three crescents surmounted by a bendlet. Portions of colouring matter were found showing the field to have been argent ; the crescents and bendlets appear to have been sable. The whole of the background of the plate is filled in with a diaper of foliage, and portions of saints under canopies appear at the edge on the right-hand side. One of the saints may be St. John the Evangelist. The lower plate, on which are engraved the Gerveys' children, is apparently the upper corner of the same monument, and bears the pinnacles of the canopy, a fragment of the symbol of St. Mark, and a few words of a Flemish marginal inscription in Lombardic characters : The whole is of Flemish origin, and may be dated c. 1375. Both plates are engraved in Waller, p. xi. ; and the man in armour only in the Gentleman'' s Magazine, N.S., vol. i. (1864), p. 523 (erroneously lettered Harrow-on-the-Hill) ; Lithograph by John Williams (full-size) ; and Dunkin, pi, xxxiv. This brass has been relaid in a new stone and the palimpsest portions fastened down. A small point in connection with the Gerveys brass is worthy of notice. It was the work of a local engraver, but as he was unable to engrave the heraldic charges, he cut out a portion of the brass in the shape of the shield and inserted another piece of brass on which the charges had been engraved, probably in a London workshop. The hole for this shield is plainly shown in all the engravings of the reverse of the brass quoted above. Mawgan-in-Pyder I. Obverse. A fragment of the marginal inscription to George and Isabel Arundel), 1573. The fragment bears the words, " our 23 lorde God MCC," in black letter, and is now preserved at War- dour Castle. Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish brass bearing portions of two words and a part of a lozenge charged with heraldic devices. The words are cut through the centre and consequently illegible, and there is too little of the lozenge to give the arms. Engraved Dunkin, pi. xli. fig. i. The brass of George Arundell and wife Isabel originally consisted of two effigies, twelve English verses, four shields of arms, and a marginal inscription. The effigies are relaid in the south aisle, the verses fastened to the screen, the shields lost, or may be with the others on the screen, and the fragments of the marginal inscription are at Wardour Castle. The brass is engraved in Dunkin, pi. xxxvi. II. Obverse. Figure of Jane Arundell, 1577, and half the foot inscription in thirteen English verses, the other half lost. Now preserved at Wardour Castle. Reverse. The figure of Jane Arundell is composed of frag- ments from two different Flemish brasses. The upper half of the figure shows portions of a rich canopy which originally had saints in niches down the side, the upper half of one female saint bearing a tower, perhaps St. Barbara, remains, the lower half having been cut off in rounding the head. This portion is engraved in Dunkin, pi. xli. fig. 5. The lower half of the figure shows portions of the centre of a canopied device and is dated 1374. A small portion of a seated figure, probably God the Father, remains, and on liis right are two nimbed figures playing on musical instruments. Then comes a mass of canopy work, and finally a small portion of the marginal inscription bearing the words " no septimo (sic) quart." The whole of the background is filled in with rich diaper. A somewhat similar device appears on the back of the remaining portion of the verses. The central figure is God the Father, seated, and holding a soul in a sheet, on the right are two nimbed figures, one swinging a censer and the other holding a candlestick. There is an abundance of rich canopy and diaper work. Above the central figure is half a shield bearing apparently a chevron gonttee de sang. These two fragments are engraved in C. S. Gilbert's Historical Survey and 24 Heraldy of Cornwall, vol. ii. p. 658 ; Transactions of the Exeter Diocesan Architectural Society, i S. vol. iii. pi. 16; Haines' Intro- duction, pp. 16, 17; Dunkin, pi. xl. Mr. Dunkin says: "On the reverse of the missing half of the plate on which was engraved the acrostic to Jane Arundell were the words, ' domini Millesimo t . . . ,' which if placed before ' no septimo quart . . . ,' gives the year 1374, thus 'domini Millesimo t [recentesi] mo septimo quart . . .' This date agrees with the style of architecture and the peculiar type of black letter made use of in the design. It has been suggested that perhaps the brass was never used, owing to the mistake the engraver made in the date, the latter part of which should have been ' septuagesimo quarto.' " The brass of Jane Arundell originally consisted of an effigy, a foot inscription in thirteen English verses forming an acrostic, and a marginal inscription. Fragments of the marginal inscrip- tion are preserved in the church, but the figure and the half of the verses are at Wardour Castle. It is engraved in Dunkin, pi. xxxviii. III. Obverse. Head of Mary Arundell, 1578. Now preserved at Wardour Castle. Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish brass, being a portion of a draped figure of a saint, headless, holding a clasped book. En- graved Dunkin, pi. xli. fig. 3. The brass of Mary Arundell originally consisted of an effigy, a foot inscription in thirteen English verses, two shields of arms, and a marginal inscription. The head of the effigy, the whole of the marginal inscription, and one shield of arms, are at Wardour Castle. The verses are fastened to the screen in the church. The brass is engraved in Dunkin, pi. xxxvii. IV. Obverse. Fragment of marginal inscription to Cecily Arundell, 1578, bearing the words, " wyfFe who depa . . ." in black letter. Now preserved at Wardour Castle. Reverse. Fragment of a Flemish brass bearing a portion of a richly diapered robe and part of the head of a small dog with collar of bells. Engraved i^z/;;^^, pi. xli. fig. 6. 25 The brass of Cecily Arundell originally consisted of an effigy, a foot inscription in twelve English verses, and a marginal inscription. The effigy has been relaid in the south aisle, the verses are fastened to the screen, and the fragments of the mar- ginal inscription are at Wardour Castle, The brass is engraved in Dunkin, pi. xxxviii/ V. Obverse. A rose from one corner of the marginal inscription to Edward Arundell, 1586. Now preserved at Wardour Castle. Reverse. A portion of a man's face and neck, showing ruff and doublet. Foreign, of late date. Engraved Dunkin, pi, xli, tig, 2. The brass of Edward Arundell originally consisted of an effigy, two plates, one with eight Latin verses, the other with eighteen English verses, a marginal inscription with a rose at each corner, and several shields of arms. The effigy has been relaid in the south aisle, the verses are fastened to the screen, the shields are lost, and the fragments of the marginal inscription are at War- dour Castle, The brass is engraved in Dunkin, pi, xxxix. VI. Obverse. A shield charged with the arms and quarterings of Arundell, It is: Quarterly I. Arundell. II, Quarterly (i,) and (iv.) Dynham, (ii.) and (iii.) Arches. Ill, Chidiock, and IV. Carminow. In the fess point is a mullet for difference. Now preserved at Wardour Castle, Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish brass, of late date, consist- ing of a portion of scroll work, a few words of an inscription in two lines with an outer border of foliage. Engraved Dunkin, pi. xli. fig. 4. The descriptions of these brasses are entirely taken from Mr. Dunkin's admirable volume On Cornish Brasses. Haines states the loose inscriptions to be at Lanherne Nunnery ; they have since been removed to Wardour Castle, Tisbury, Wilts, the seat of Lord Arundell of Wardour. CUMBERLAND. No palimpsest noted in this county. 26 DERBYSHIRE. ASHOVER. Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Babyngton, Esq., of Dethik, son of John, son and heir of Thomas Babyngton, by Isabel, daughter and heiress of Robert Dethyk, Esq., 1518, now mural. South Aisle. Size of plate, 18x5 inches. Reverse. On the back of the plate is another inscription to Robert Prykke, serjeant-of-the-pantry to Queen Margaret, 1450, and his three children, John, Robert, and Margaret. This in- scription is now fastened down, but according to J. C. Cox's Notes on Derbyshire Churches, vol. i. p. 30, was as follows: ll|ic mn Eobcrtu0 |9rpkUe armiQ:' quontiam gfectiengf ^aantric tini Q^arjyarete regina ^nglie 'clotljeef {sic) Eobt'u0 ct ^arprcte lilirri sini qui quiticm Kobt'110 pater obiit mii tiie mens' 9^m SL° tini W^^^'^'^^^^ quorum animabu0 propicictur ticu0 ^men. The curious word " Tothes " is probably a transcriber's error for " Johes," the contraction for Johannes. Dale Abbey. During excavations on the site of the abbey in 1879, several small fragments of brass were found. Two pieces proved to be palimpsest. They join together on the obverse side and show a sort of cable band with a knot at one of the corners. The centre is a blank. The writer has no explanation to offer as to its use. 1 he reverse of the larger piece shows the greater part of a human face, but whether male or female it is difficult to say. The smaller piece appears to be the neck of a lady wearing a wimple, and may or may not have belonged to the face. The larger piece measures about 7 X 45 inches, and the smaller 3x5 inches. NORBURY. Obverse. Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, justice of the Common Pleas, 1538, head gone, and second wife Maud, daughter and 27 co-heiress of Richard Cotton, Esq., of Hampstall Rydware, in heraldic mantle, with five sons (lost) and five daughters (the second in heraldic mantle), fourteen Latin verses on two plates, one shield of arms, and three fragments of the marginal inscrip- tion. All the remaining parts, except the lower portion of the daughters, palimpsest: The figure of the judge in its present condition measures 29 inches in height, of the lady 36 inches, the daughters 1I5 X I2i inches (the palimpsest portion 7^ x 12^ inches), the larger plate with verses 225 x gj inches, the smaller plate 22^ x yk inches, the shield 9x8 inches, and the fragments of the marginal inscription respectively 15^, 15, and loi^ inches. The size of the slab is 10 feet 4 inches x 4 feet 3 inches. Reverse. The figure of the judge and that of his wife, exclud- ing her head, join together and make up the greater portion of the figure of a lady, c. 1320. The judge forms the lower half, and his wife the upper. The lady belongs to the same type as the figure of Lady Creke, c. 1325, at Westley Waterless, Cambs. She is represented with wimple, close-fitting kirtle, over-gown and mantle, the latter gathered up under her right arm. The head of Dame Maud is formed out of a piece of canopy work and has traces of one Lombardic letter of a marginal inscription, showing it to have belonged to the sinister side of the compo- sition. On the reverse of the children is a more perfect piece of the canopy work with the figure of a monk, the background •diapered with a fretty design, and on the edge a few letters of the marginal inscription in Lombardic letters: 'J^^hJE^ - ©3E. This piece belonged to the dexter side of the composition. The shield is cut out of the centre pediment of the canopy and shows the figure of God the Father seated and enclosed in a quatrefoil. The three fragments of the marginal inscription all bear other fragments of the Lombardic inscription, thus: X3Ei^ • X^El(2)^I?i : .s3E:Bi:E. : — ^i^M-i^j^ - :e):e : yL\ — :jpm^m : JSJ^* All these pieces form part of one composition. Mr. W. H. St. John Hope, in the Journal of the Derbyshire Archaological Society, vol. iv. p. 54, conjectures these pieces to have formed part of the brass of one of the wives of Sir Theobaud de Verdun, who died in 1316; and Mr. A. A. Armstrong, formerly Librarian •of Denstone College and Curator of the School Museum, in a pamphlet treating of the brass, ascribes it to Dame Matilda, wife 28 of Theobald de Verdun, lord of Alton, who died in 1312 and was buried in the south transept of Croxden Abbey. This abbey was dissolved in 1538, and the greater part of the plunder became the property of William Basset, who had married the judge's daugh- ter Ehzabeth. The two remaining plates on which are inscribed the Latin verses belong to a much later memorial. The larger bears the centre portion of a figure in monastic habit, probably a portion of the prior referred to in the hexameters on the smaller plate. This smaller plate bears the remains of the hexameter verses in two parallel columns, but much cut down. They read thus : . . . mas quonnam prior. Ijic tcllurc quicscit : 3|mquieti muntiiim 0iln par .0 Ijunc brr0um memor. r0to que morierief: Dile ratiatcr mnx. M . s^ana fee quiti . tiult giffuare catiatee : da earo U que MU\ .be . . aores eito . mareent ^eu que tiolores : ^ni tiant merores eum . . mci leges . mi fratee funtie preeameii: 3u penis tiegeres ut ab The date of these two plates may be placed c. 1440. It is just possible that the blue marble slab may also be pahmpsest and have on its reverse the casement of the earlier brass. All the palimpsests are now fastened down, but the late Sir Wollaston Franks had careful electrotypes made and fastened to a stout board. These now hang on the vestry wall. The obverse and portions of the reverses are illustrated in the Journal of the Derbyshire Archtsological Society, vol. iv. frontis- piece, and the obverse and reverse are fully illustrated in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, part vi. pis. 4 and 5. Impressions, both of the obverses and reverses, are in the col- lections of the British Museum, South Kensington Museum, the Society of Antiquaries, and the Sheffield Museum. Further information may be found in Mr. Hope's paper, above cited, and in Mr. A. A. Armstrong's paper originally read before the North Staffordshire Field Club, and published in its Trans- actions for 1892. 29 DEVONSHIRE. Braunton. Obverse. Lady Elizabeth Bowcer, daughter of John [Bouchier, ist] earl of Bath, and wife of Edward Chechester, Esq., 1548, kneeling at a desk, the lower part of which is broken away, with inscription. Effigy 13J inches high ; inscription plate 23^ x 4J inches. Engraved in the Transactions of the Exeter Diocesan Architectural Society, vol. vi. part ii., pi. 7. Both plates palimpsest. Reverse. The figure of the lady shows on the reverse the face and neck of a man in armour of the camail period, c. 1370. The laces of the camail are plainly shown running round the front of the bascinet, and the camail is composed of banded mail. This fragment may be of foreign workmanship. On the reverse of the inscription is part of the centre of the figure of a lady, c. 1370, a portion of one of the long lappets or tippets hanging from the elbow being just visible. Compare with the figure at Necton, Norfolk, to Ismayne de Wynston, 1372. Yealmpton. Obverse. An inscription in six English lines to Isabel, third daughter of Henry and Agnes Fortescue, and wife of [John] Copleston, 1580. <Jl\)i'i^c 0l)int\} September mnm f^te Ijuntirct) j'carref t\)tm efpcut auti fourc timc0 t^ciit^' tocrc m\cc Cljci^t to caitlj Voacf 0cnt M,\)tix 3l2>abcl t\)t loicf of Coplcoton ticarc tiiti tivr d)C tljirD ticU' buricti tljcnrc no\uc Ijcrc in tumbc Dotlj Ijr %o ll}cnr^' ffortc-^ciic (sic) tljirtic tiauffljtrr b[' ticjjrce ^uti ^ijnccf Ci\{\C Ijii* motljcrc? name of ^ainrtmainrccf blotic \oc[0 0br. Size of plate, 22 x 5^ inches. Reverse. The upper portion of a quadrangular plate of Flemish workmanship, c. 1460. The head of the person commemorated, 30 a priest, just appears a little to the right of the centre of the plate. Above and encircling his head is a twisted scroll with this imperfect inscription : ...esto -- manor = Varolii = prccibusf -- pia = tirgo... Behind the figure, on the right hand-side, is a portion of a large figure of St. James the Great with his pilgrim's staff, no doubt the patron saint of the priest. On the left-hand side is the head of the B.V. Mary with long plaited hair. She was pro- bably represented seated, as there are indications of throne work in the left-hand corner of the plate and near the head of the figure. -f^-^' Yealmpton, Devon. In the centre is a figure of God the Father seated on a large high-backed throne and holding in a sheet the soul of the deceased, represented as usual by a small naked figure, but having the unusual feature of a nimbus round the head. The background round the throne is studded with stars. The remainder of the plate is diapered with rich foliage work. The brass, when com- plete, seems to have been of a similar type to those at Basle, Switzerland, to Isabel, duchess of Burgundy, 1450 ; Amiens, France, to Bishop John Avantage, 1456 ; and Termond, Flanders, to Peter and Margaret Esscheric, c. 1470. All figured in the Rev. W. F. Creeny's Motiumental Brasses on the Continent of Europe. The writer is indebted to the Rev. H. W. Macklin for the knowledge of this interesting palimpsest and for a rubbing. DORSETSHIRE. Litton Cheney. According to John Hutchins' History and Antiquities of the County of Dorset, third edition, 1861-67, vol. ii. p. 755, there is 31 a palimpsast inscription in this church. The account is somewhat vague and the present writer has been unable to verify it. The editors of the third edition of Hutchins say: "A brass plate, which is palimpsest, that is, has been used before the last inscrip- tion was engraved for a similar purpose. It has three inscriptions altogether : " (i) "hie iacet Johes Chapman ffyschmoger et Alicia uxor eius qui quidm Johes obiit Septimana pasche anno dni M.CCCCLXXI quor' aiabz ppicietur deus. Amen.'* (2) "Hie iacet Alexandriam (?)Warnby qui obiit iiij° die mes' anno dni M°CCCC°LXXXVP cui' ale ppiciet' deus." (3) " Orate p aiabz Johis Newpton et Thome Neupto q"" alarum ppiciet' d's." As far as one can judge, No. 3 must be the obverse, and Nos. I and 2 the reverse. DURHAM. No palimpsest noted in this county. ESSEX. The writer desires to express his great obligations to Messrs. Miller Christy, W. W. Porteous, and E. Bertram Smith, for knowledge of the palimpsests at Terling, Tolleshunt Darcy, and Upminster ; also for the loan of rubbings and for much kind assistance in every way in the preparation of the Essex list. To Messrs. Christy and Porteous the writer is further indebted for the loan of the blocks illustrating the brasses at Aveley, Brightlingsea, Fryerning, and Strethall ; to the Society of Anti- quaries for the block illustrating Stondon Massey ; to Mr. F, W. Short for investigations at Walthamstow ; and to Mr. Arthur H. Brown for the loan of the rubbing of a lost shield at Upminster. Aveley. Obverse. Inscription to Charles Barett, son and heir of Edward Barett, Esq., 1584, aet. 29, and wife Christian, daughter of Sir Walter Mildmay. Size of plate, 19^ x 5 inches. ^rcc buticr Ipctlj Cljarlccf Barrtt cfonnc anH \)ti\'t to (ElJbjarti Barett ccfquirc: toljo marprti Cljricftian tiatityljtfr to s»ir ([(llaltcr ^tltimaj' knj'ffljt, anti Ijnti far Ijrr \\ 0onnccf iinti on Uiiujyljtcr. Ijc ticccacfcfct) in tljc uk j'crr of Ijio iiffc tljc biii tia^'c of ^w^mt an° ^\\\. 1584. 3 32 Above the inscription is a shield (5^ inches in height) bearing the arms of Barett, per pale (arg. and gu.),four bars counterchanged. Reverse. On the back of the inscription is a portion of a marginal inscription from a large Flemish brass. It bears the following words xxiii, 0tt. tiaclj. l mt^it + ^icr Icglj enclosed between longitudinal foliated borders of simple, but elegant design. The date is c. 1420. The original slab, still containing the shield, lies on the floor of the Chancel, but the inscription is loose, one piece being in the hands of the vicar, and the other in the Colchester Museum. efiaariSr %Mtt rfinmrrtta mamfr iW&im im4)m anir mi WioWfr.ljr itttm^ in ije ^w »frr of to aoe Uir ttn fiagr tf HUfiua an"* M. 1 5 8 4"^ Palimpsest Inscription, Aveley, Essex. About one-fifth full size. For a full account of the history and vicissitudes of this brass see Messrs. Christy and Porteous' account in The Transactions of the Essex Archaological Society, N.S., vol. vii. p. 4, where both sides of the brass are engraved. Brightlingsea. A bracket, c. 1400, whereon have been placed the effigies of Dame Alice Beryff, 1536, and her daughter Margaret, inscription lost. On floor of North or Beriffe Chapel. This is a compound brass, and so far as is at present known, a palimpsest by appropriation, although the figures are strongly 33 Brightlingsea, Essex. About one-eleventh full size. 34 suspected to be true palimpsests. The bracket originally sup- ported the figures of two priests in copes, the indents showing the figures to have been about 25 inches in height. In 1536 the smaller figures (22^^ inches in height) of Dame Alice and her daughter were substituted. Messrs. Christy and Porteous, who figure and describe this brass in The Transactions of the Essex ArchiBological Society, N.S., vol. viii. pp. ig, 28, give the following reasons for considering the ladies' figures to be palimpsest : — " In the first place, the plates are (as the edges show) of greater thickness than those ordinarily used when the later effigies were engraved. As to the figure of the maiden lady, there can hardly be a doubt that the curious contraction in the width of the gown^ which is observable about the level of the knees, was rendered necessary by the use of some earlier effigy, though, with a little more care, this contraction could have been rendered much less obvious or done away with altogether. That the existing effigies are some three inches shorter than those on the back of which they are engraved is easily accounted for ; for the narrow necks of the priests would not allow of the insertion of taller effigies of the width of those now existing into the same matrices. It seems probable therefore, that, on the death of two lady members of the Beriffe family, the effigies of the two earlier priests were seized upon, cut down, and re-engraved on the reverse side by some clumsy workman in order to make them serve as monu- ments to the ladies in question." FiNGRINGHOE. Obverse. Effigies of John Alleyn, c. 1600, and his daughter Ailse on one plate, with inscription. Male effigy i2| inches high; inscription-plate i5|- x 3f inches. The inscription only is palimpsest. Reverse. On the back of the inscription is a portion of the text from Job i. 21, of about the same date. Iehova dedit Iehova abstulit sit nomen .... benedictv mors frvmarv meta est & . . . . salvtis cvpio etiam dissolvi & esse cv . . . . Now fastened to the Chancel wall. 35 Fryerning. Obverse. A lady, c. 1560, slightly mutilated at the head and left arm. Height 22^ inches. Husband, children, shields and inscription lost. Probably part of the brass to Leonard Berners, third son and heir to William Berners the elder, Esq., 1563, and wife Mary, eldest daughter and co-heiress of James Gedge, Esq., of Shenfield. Reverse. Obverse. Palimpsest Figure, Fryerning, Essex. About one-sixth full size. Revevse. About two-thirds of the upper portion of a lady, c. 1460, attired in the usual costume of a widow. The brass is now mounted in a frame so as to display both sides and hangs in the Vestry. Both sides are engraved in Alfred Suckling's Antiquities and Architecture of Essex, p. 8, and in The Essex Review, vol. iii. p. 123. 36 Stondon Massey. Obverse. Effigies of Rainold Holingworth, 1573, in armour, and wife, with foot inscription, and shield of arms with crest and mantling on square plate. Effigies, male 18^ inches, female I7f inches, inscription-plate 18 x 6| inches, shield of arms 7I X 6j inches. Relaid and now mural in Nave. Reverse. The male and female effigies are palimpsest, being made up of fragments of Flemish brasses of two different dates, the whole of the female figure and the lower part of the male being of one and the same date, probably of the latter part of the fourteenth century, whilst the upper part of the male effigy is considerably later. Rubbings of the brasses were exhibited before the Society of Antiquaries on the 25th of January, 1877,* by Mr. Edward Cox, who stated " they had been removed from the church for security on account of the stone beneath having crumbled away. They had now been replaced in the church, under his superintendence, in what is known as the Chapel of the Meyer family, to whom the Stondon property came some forty or fifty years ago, when the last of the Holingworths died, leaving no direct issue." Mr. A. W. Franks, Director, communicated the following remarks on the palimpsest portions : — " The former [i.e., the earlier work, on the reverse of the feiiiale and the lower part of the male effigy) consist of two canopies, of which the upper one is imperfect. In the lower is the figure of St. Andrew, fully draped, with a nimb, bearing in his right hand a book, and in his left his usual attribute, a cross saltire. In the upper one is a figure of St. Bartholomew, also with a nimb, the right hand pointing out of the canopy towards the sinister, and the left hold- ing his usual attribute, a flaying-knife, with the point upwards. Immediately under the right hand, on the outside of the mantle, appears a singular mark, to which it may be well to call atten- tion, though I am not prepared to say it has any significance. It would be interesting if it should hereafter prove to "be an artist's mark." " It is noticeable that the lower portion of the engraving on the back of No. i {i.e., the male effigy) is inverted. It appears, if placed in its proper position, to fit the lower portion of No. 2 ' Proceedings, 2 S., vol. vii. p. 123. 37 Palimi'sest Reverses, Stondon Massey, Essex. t J linear. 38 {i.e., the female effigy) from which it was probably taken and soldered on No. i in its present position." " On the upper part of the back of No. i (see woodcut) is a large portion of the arms of Cleves and La Marck quarterly, with an inescutcheon, of Burgundy modern and ancient quarterly, and Flanders over all. ^ Adolphus, first Duke of Cleves, married for his second wife Mary of Burgundy, one of the daughters of John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy, and died in 1448. (See L'Art de Verifier les Dates, xiv. p. 400). The coat of Burgundy, with an inescutcheon of Flanders, was borne by the Dukes John the Fearless and Philip the Good, until the latter acquired the Duchy of Brabant in 1430. The arms on the brass can scarcely be those of Adolphus, first Duke of Cleves, and Mary of Bur- gundy, as she was not an heiress, which according to modern English heraldry such a marshalling of arms would denote ; but, according to French or German heraldry in the fifteenth century, these arms might have led one to suppose that a Duke of Bur- gundy, or a member of his family, had become or claimed to be Duke of Cleves ; or, that a Duke of Cleves had become Duke of Burgundy : neither of which cases was the fact. John, Duke of Cleves, the eldest son of Adolphus, bore the arms of Cleves and La Marck only ; either side by side, as on his seal (see Vredius, Genealogia Com. Flandr., p. 119), or impaled, as in the achievement of his arms as knight of the Toison d'Or (which he had been created in 1451), which were placed in 1458 over his stall in the church of Our Lady at Bruges (see Gaillard's Inscriptions et Monuments de la Flandre Occidentale, tom. i. pt. 2, p. 8 ; Chifflet, Insignia Gentilitia Eqn. Ord. Veller'is anrei. No. xlvii. p. 27 ; Maurice, Toison d'Or, p. 58). His younger brother, however, Adolphus, Lord of Ravenstein, bore the arms of Cleves and La Marck quarterly, with the inescutcheon of Burgundy, as shown by his seal (Vredius, Geneal. Com. Flandr., p. 122; Sceaux des Grands Feudataires, pi. xxxii. fig. 2 ; Demay, Inventaire des Sceaux de la Flandre, Nos. 123, 124), and in his achievement placed over his stall in the church of Our Lady at Bruges in 1458 (Gaillard, p. 10). The same arms were continued by his son Philip, and it is possible that this younger branch of the Cleves may have ' Cleves. Gu., an escutcheon arg., over all an escarbuncle or. La Marck. Or, afess chequy arg, and gu, BURGUNDY Modern. Az., three fleiir-de-lys or within a bordtire gobony arg. and gti. Burgundy Ancient. Bendy of six or and az., a bordiire gii. Flanders. Or, a lion rampant sa. 39 adopted the inescutcheon of Burgundy as a difiference. A splendid mausoleum was erected at the Dominican church at Brussels for Adolphus, Lord of Ravenstein, who died 1492, and his second wife in 1501. It consisted, however, of effigies in relief with rich metal v/ork, and remained till the destruction of the Dominican church in the bombardment of Brussels in 1695 (see Brahantia Sacra). It does not therefore seem probable that the plate of which our brass is a portion, and which was laid down in 1573, was derived from it. There may, however, have been an earlier tomb for the first wife of Adolphus, Beatrice of Portugal, who was buried at Quesnoy." " The obscure object on the dexter side of the brass, above the arms, is part of the crest of the Duke of Cleves, which was, according to Chifflet {Insig. Gent. Ord. Eq. Veil, anvei, No. xlvii. p. 27), ' Une teste de taureau affrontee de gueulles, armee et allumee d'or, sommee d'une couronne cerclee an blason de la fasce de La Marck, rehaussee de fleurons d'or.' The chequy portion, seen above the eye of the bull in the woodcut, is part of the fesse of La Marck above mentioned. This crest seems here to have been treated as a helmet, and the bars at the mouth of the bull are a portion of the visor. They are so represented in Maurice, Toison d'Or, p. 50," This interesting palimpsest is now fastened down. The reverses are engraved in Proceedings of the Society of A ntiquavies of London, 2 S. vol. vii. pp. 124, 125, and here reproduced by kind permission of the Society. Strethall, Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Abbott, rector, 1539. Size of plate 14 X 4i inches. ^tu Uctlj iJl^aiorrr Uljomaef Abbott late pGoit Ijrr' toljlclj tirrrosm p \^m Daj' of C^rtob' tbf ;'rr' of our lorti iJl^iCCCCC 31^^^3131^ on I0I300 ooiilr Jcoii Ijaiic nuuc^' Now erroneously placed under the figure of a priest in academicals, c. 1480, in the Chancel. Reverse. Another inscription to Margaret Siday, c. 1450. 40 9^e Sl^argnretam ^ttiap mono tcrmibug t^am £iuontiam formo^am muUcrcm relliffio^am ^ic contemplantc0 qualcef critic memorantegf 4Bo0citc po0co tieum cclicf nonet miciji mansfum The reverse is now fastened down. There is a plaster cast in the Saffron Walden Museum. Both sides of the plate are engraved in The Reliquary and Illustrated Archaeologist, vol. v. p. i6. 33ijlrtn!]ioIfl) innuMs^onft inirftiutintliin ^- Palimpsest Inscription, Strethall, Essex. About one-sixth full size. Terling. A small corner of the inscription belonging to the brass to William Rochester, Esq., 1558, in civil dress, and wife Elizabeth, 1566, with six sons and four daughters, brass engraved c. 1584, is loose and proves to be palimpsest. On the obverse this corner bears the letters " In an | And fy " in two lines, and on the reverse two letters of an inscription in raised black letter. The fragment measures 2 x i| inches and belongs to the left-hand corner of the inscription. TOLLESHUNT DaRCY. I. Obverse. The lower portion of the border of a large Flemish brass, c. 1375. The plate measures 38 x 6f inches, and is 4i composed of three strips, which respectively measure, beginning from the right, 13I, 9, and 15^ inches. The odd 5 inch is made up in the joints which do not fit very closely. The design consists of a background richly ornamented with conventional vine leaves and bunches of grapes, a long curving scroll, or rather a series of small scrolls, containing clauses from the Apostles' Creed. In the centre is a small seated figure of the Virgin, crowned, and holding the Child in her arms. On the right is a seated figure of St. Philip, his name ^. ^IjllippUS on a small scroll above his head, in his right hand he holds a long cross and with his left points to a scroll bearing the words from the Creed attributed to him. On the left is a similar figure of St. Bartholomew, a small scroll above his head bearing his name ^. 3flrtl)0lrntru', in his right hand he holds a knife and with his left points to the scroll. In the right hand corner is the winged ox of St. Luke, and in the left the winged lion of St. Mark. The scroll, or series of small scrolls, reads thus : liti patrifif omipotctis | itir bctiir' iutircarc ijitioe> t ntor= tuo0 1 Crctio ill 0'pm sanctum 1 sancta(m) The words " dei patris omnipotentis " form part of the clause " sedit ad dextram dei &c." attributed to St. James the Less and probably his figure appeared on the side strip above the emblem of St. Luke. To St. Philip is attributed the clause, " Inde venturus est judicare vivos et mortuos," and to St. Bartholomew the clause, "Credo in spiritum sanctum," whilst the single word " Sancta(m) " forms part of the clause, " Sanctam Ecclesiam Catholicam," attributed to St. Matthew, and whose figure was probably on the side strip above the emblem of St. Mark. This side of the brass is engraved in The Transactions of the Essex Archaeological Society, N.S., vol. i. p. 3, and in F. Chancellor's Ancient Sepulchral Monuments of Essex, pi. xlvii. Also compare with this the border of the well-known brass at Schwerin to Bishops Godfrey and Frederick de Bulowe, 1375, engraved in the Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monumental Brasses of Europe, p. 10. Reverse. The two end pieces are palimpsest, but the centre piece is blank. These two palimpsest pieces bear a design some- what similar to that on the obverse. The background is similar, the emblems of St. Luke and St. Mark appear in the corners, but the Saints are different and the scrolls are treated in a different manner. 42 U E- Z u S . O X < M ^ W X . > < Q z D o (I. O > Pi Q < OS > O 3 O < 43 The larger piece has the seated figure of St. James the Less holding a club or fuller's bat in his left hand and pointing with his right to a scroll bearing the words, ^CllCt iltl tiCltCram UCl patrigf OmnipOtCntief. in the comer is the winged lion of St. Mark represented seated and not as on the obverse standing. On the smaller plate is a seated figure of St. Thomas, but owing to the solder used in brazing the plates together his em- blem is obliterated. His left hand points to a scroll bearing the following clause, 2Dic iT^urrcrit a mortin0 a0ccntiit ati CClOgf. In the right-hand corner is the winged ox of St. Luke seated. This interesting fragment is now nailed to the wall of the Darcy Chapel, but whether it ever formed part of a large Flemish brass in the church of Tolleshunt Darcy, or whether it has drifted into this church from some other source, is unknown. II. Obverse. A lady, c. 1535. Effigy ijh inches in height. Inscription lost. Obverse. Reverse. Palimpsest Figure, Tolleshunt Uakcy, Esse.x. About one-sixth full ^ixtb. Now placed on the wall of the Darcy Chapel. Possibly Katherine, wife of Thomas, son of Anthony Darcy, Esq., 1535. 44 Revevse. A portion of the lower part of an abbot or bishop, c. 1400 (?). Portions of the following vestments can be seen: the alb with its lower apparel, one end of the stole, the dalmatic or tunic with its fringed border, and the chasuble. Now nailed to the wall of the Darcy Chapel. III. Obverse. An inscription, within an ornamental border, to Anthony Darcy, Esq., justice of the peace, 1540. To this inscription belongs (?) a large nondescript armed figure, a six- teenth or seventeenth century copy of an early fifteenth century brass." I feftiiliB0pofocfi)t)9lQili5©P;frH Palimpsest Inscription, Toli.eshunt Darcy, Essex. About one-eighth full size. The inscription only is palimpsest. It measures 21 x 10 inches, and reads thus : l3crr tinticr tljj'ef 0tcnc \}Kt\\ ^\\m\^ 2Darc^ rsquicr $ ^wQtizt of tlje peace to ou^ 0ou'aig:'e lorn kino: Ijrnq' tljc Viii toljirlj ^nton[> nccejspli tljc rbiii U^ of October an° tint 9^^V^^1L° ' Apparently copied from the brass to John de Boys, Esq., 1419, still pre- served in the church. A similar instance of the copying of an earlier figure occurs in the church of St. Peter Mancroft, Norwich, where the armed figure of Peter Rede, Esq., who died in 1568, is represented in armour of the period c. 1470. Peter Rede is engraved in Haines' Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. 52. 45 The figure and inscription are engraved in F. Chancellor's Ancient Sepulchral Monuments of Essex, pi. xlvi. Reverse. Another inscription in raised black letter to Robert and Maud le Wale, who both died on the 28th of July, 1362. It is of Flemish workmanship and reads as follows : + ^tatc . 0pcnalitcr . pro aialnm . robcrti . k Miaic . n . matiltiio . fonscrticf . cmsticm quorum . rorpcra . mb . i0to . lapitir . sunt Ijumata . qui . olncruiit . Uiccsimo . tiii tJic . men 0(0 . iulii . anno . tiommi . milcsimo . trc ccntf0lmo . E^ii . animafau0 . quorum propicictur . alti0imu0 . amen . Now nailed to the wall of tlie Darcy Chapel. IV. Four shields with Darcy arms, &c., sixteenth century, now fastened to the wall of the Darcy Chapel. Obverse, (i.) A shield, 5I x 45 inches, bearing the arms of Darcy, {Arg.), three cinquefoils {gu.), pierced {of the field), in fess point a crescent . . . for difference. (2.) A shield, similar in size, bearing Darcy, as above, impal- ing . . . a fess . . . hetuieen three oak leaves . . . , perhaps for FitzLangley.^ (3.) A shield, similar in size, but broken into two pieces, bearing Darcy as above. (4.) A mutilated and broken shield, apparently belonging to the same series. In its present condition it only measures about 5x4 inches in its broadest parts. It appears to bear the arms of Darcy, as above, impaling . . . tivo chevrons . . . , but it is very indistinct.*^ Reverse, (i) and (2) are cut from the same brass: when placed together they show the hands, a portion of the right arm ' The arms of Darcy quartering FitzLangley (Arg.), a fess between three oak leaves (gu.), occur on a mural monument in the church of All Saints, Maldon, to the memory of Thomas Darcy, Esq., 14S5, sec Chancellor's ^«(/f«/ Sepulchral Monuments of Essex, p. 146. = This impalement may be Tyrei.i., (Arg.), two chevrons (az.), ivithin a bordure engrailed (gu.). 46 and the upper part of the body of a figure, probably an ecclesi- astic, in academical dress, a Master or Bachelor of one of the Faculties, wearing a fur-lined tippet and hood. The cuffs of the under-dress reach up to the knuckles. Date c. 1420. Com- pare with the figure of John Motesfont, LL.B,, vicar of Lydd, 1420, in the church of Lydd, Kent.^ {3.) Shows a portion of an ecclesiastic in amice and chasuble. Date c. 1420 (?). The figure is cut off just below the chin and just below the knuckles. 321 4 Palimpsest Shields, Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex. About one-fifth full size. (4.) This fragment has a few engraved lines only, but may possibly be a portion of the chasuble of No. 3. Upminster. I. Obverse. A civilian, c. 1540, turned sideways and wearing a doublet, to the girdle of which is attached the gypciere, tight hose, the usual fur-lined gown with long false sleeves, and very broad-toed shoes. Inscription lost. Height of effigy 17 inches. ' Engraved in T. H. Oyler's Lydd and its Chiinh (fronds.). 47 Reverse. The figure has been cut out of the lower part of a much larger figure of an ecclesiastic, either an abbot or a bishop, vested in albe, stole, tunic or dalmatic, and chasuble. Probable Obverse Reverse. Palimpsest Figure, Upminster, Essex. About one-sixth full size. date c. 1400-20. This figure is now fastened to the wall of the North Chantry. II. Obverse. Nicholas Wayte, citizen and mercer of London (son of Thomas Wayte, citizen and draper of London), lord of the manor of Geynes in Upminster, died August 7, 1542, and wife Ellen, daughter of Robert Dencort, of Alveley, by Elizabeth, his first wife, daughter of Jenkyn Gierke, of Alveley, died May 27, 1545. The inscription mentions that Robert Dencort afterwards married Maryon Myller, and had issue Richard, Annes, and Alice Dencort. Male effigy 19] inches in height, female 184 inches, inscrip- tion-plate 22 X 7 inches. All palimpsest. 4 48 Reverse. The figures of Nicholas Wayte and wife are cut out of a very large foreign brass, probably Flemish, of an abbot or bishop, and when placed together show the gloved hands folded on the body, part of the chasuble richly diapered with large foliage work, the centre orphrey having small figures of Saints under canopies. A portion of the stem of the crosier also appears. Both pieces show signs of considerable wear. The work, from the style of ornamentation, may be dated in the last quarter of the fifteenth century, probably c. 1480. Two pieces from this same figure are re-used in parts of a brass to a member of the Knighton family, c. 1545, at Bayford, Hertfordshire.^ So far as the writer is aware this is the first instance in which pieces of one and the same brass have been identified in two separate churches. It is also interesting as proving that the two later brasses came from the same workshop. The reverse of the inscription shows a portion of another inscription consisting of an epitaph in Latin verse, four lines remaining perfect, but a fifth has been bisected and is illegible. This inscription is in very large and bold black letter, apparently of English workmanship, c. 1500. It reads thus : jF^lir ilia W& albo gfiffnantia lapillo €n tntvtt fuller limina 0ancta pater 3111 pro meritisf retidat pia premia eljrijstuief Siue maueant cueto0 intiubitata pio0. The writer is indebted to the Rev. J. E. Field, of Benson, for the following metrical paraphrase of these lines : " Set we the white-stone mark upon that happy day When o'er the holy threshold Father Fuller trod his way To him Christ for His merits the pious guerdon give Which undoubted waits for all men the pious life that live." The brass is now fastened to the wall of the Nave. III. A small fragment, now lost, reproduced from a rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. ' See illustration, Bayford, Herts. 49 tufmrnM f fisfliJrt^WM i6Bf (iro(ti 3?l9a^a$ tfiafftiralt^finikjr Jaw/ nj'nnt 5titilrif4W^«nf'a\n'ni ^men.v^ CAMMVMAV UU/'tVV' 7« wvMMv Obverse and Reverse of the Wayte Brass, 1545, Upminster, Essex. About one-eicrhth full size. 50 Obverse. A fragment of a helmet with mantling. Possibly a portion of the lost figure of Roger Dencourt, Esq., 1455. \ > ¥^^m <^ Formerly at Utminster, Essex. Reverse. A small piece of canopy work of English design, probably a " waster." IV. In the collection of Mr. Arthur H. Brown, of Brentwood, is a rubbing, taken in September, 1862, of a palimpsest shield, 6 x 5^^ inches, now lost. On the obverse are the arms of the Mercers' Obverse. Reverse. Formerly at Upminster, Essex. One-third full size. Company ; on the reverse a shield bearing a chevron and on a chief some charge resembling an eagle displayed ; but the whole design is much obscured by pitch. The shield may have formed 51 a portion of the brass to Nicholas Wayte, 1545, who, as stated in his inscription, was a citizen and mercer of London. The family of Brown, of South Weald, Essex, bore (gu.), a chevron between three lions' Jambs erect and erased {arg.), on a chief (of the second) an eagle displayed (sa.), armed and crowned {or), which may possibly be the coat here represented. The writer is indebted to Mr. A. H. Brown for the loan of the rubbing from which the accompanying illustration has been made. Walthamstow. Obverse. — Hale, in civil dress, and wife — , daughter of — Porter, born at Grantham, died in 1588 (only lower part of figure left), and inscription in eight Latin verses. Obverse and Reverse ok the Hale Brass, 1588, Walthamstow, Essex. About one-tenth full size. The male effigy measures igt inches in height ; the female, in its present mutilated condition, 6 inches ; and the inscription- plate 17 X 6| inches. There is an engraving of this obverse side with the figure of the wife complete in J. P. Malcolm's Views Within Tivclve Miles Round London, 181 1, intended as an Appendix to Lysons' Environs of London. 52 Reverse. The male figure is cut out of the lower portion of a much larger figure of a civilian, c. 1450, a portion of the girdle appearing at the head and a slight indication of the fur border of the bottom of the tunic at the feet. The remaining portion of the female figure exhibits on the reverse the hands, a portion of the sleeves, and the girdle of another civilian, also of date, c. 1450. The inscription, or a portion of it, is probably palimpsest, but no record seems to have been made when the brass was shifted. There is a suspicious joint in the right-hand corner which has every appearance of being the outline of the base of a figure to which a small portion has been added to complete the date. Some few years ago the brass was relaid in a cement slab in the Nave, but very soon the figures became loose and were removed into the Vestry. Eventually the inscription was taken up and together with the male figure fastened to a pillar at the filtsi .pOTirri.^ljalffioie Jijrirtts frfrjajfl: •^ Sraw^ham mf annnt; mmr MQotmc ttramlo QimtUDF fti jiiates j^atas tttiiSfmJi) wuittiira . Mixri xr.ffiFi)-, nna rl;nlic. mri trarHt.RTf; viom fisrrrafinruus rt jniltetamni ifla pmrau) ^ nimraiirtfsijtiinisji&'nrf Msto. tus cratf pi) imnrrs gmWrrt froQ. . ' c BirEf mnrtr PTU6. pnnnjuiro Oetre i^s'. Obverse of Hale Inscription, 1588, Walthamstow, Essex. east end of the South Aisle. The upper part of the female figure had disappeared before i860. The lower part was loose in the Vestry cupboard in January, i9oi,when the church was visited by Mr. F. W. Short, to whom the writer is indebted for the above illustration. WiMBISH. A small fragment from the now lost brass to Joan Strangman, c. 1575, is preserved in the British Museum. For many years it was in the possession of the late Canon Sparrow Simpson who had purchased it with other curiosities and being unable to identify it presented the fragment to the Museum in 1874. Obverse. A small portion, 2f x 3f inches, of the left elbow of the lady. 53 Reverse. Five letters " blllgi/' part of a word from the marginal inscription of a large Flemish brass, c. 1420. A portion of the design for an angle emblem also appears. Haines (vol. ii. p. 64) says " on reverse an effigy of St. John, &c.," but nothing is known of this. The brass has been fully described and illustrated by Messrs. Christy and Porteous in the Transactions of the Monu- mental Brass Society, vol. iii. p. 262. GLOUCESTERSHIRE. Bristol, Temple Church. Obverse. A priest in processional vestments, viz., cassock, surplice, and cope, but the almuce is omitted. Date c. 1460. Inscription lost. Relaid in a new stone on the Chancel floor. Height of effigy 27 inches. Reverse. The figure of the priest is cut out of the larger figure of a lady, of date c. 1460, and apparently representing a widow, as she wears the plaited barbe and mantle, and has a ring on the third finger of the right hand. This portion is now fastened down. From the similarity of dates it is probable that this figure was a " waster," either from some defect in the workmanship or because it failed to please the representatives of the family. Both sides of the brass are engraved in George Pryce's Notes on the Ecclesiastical and Monumental Architecture and Sculpture of the Middle Ages in Bristol, p. 118, fig. 9, and in C. T. Davis' Monumental Brasses of Gloucestershire, p. 59. The writer is indebted to Mr. Davis for the loan of the block from which the accompanying illustration is printed. HAMPSHIRE. DUMMER. Obverse. Inscription to Alice Magewik, 1591. Size of plate 9^ X 2^ inches. ^cre l^'ctlj t\)c boli[' of ailj'S S^atjctoik of 2Dumrr tortiolo bljo tircti t\)c ruii \ji\vc of 3|anuarj^' ^iino 2Dni 1591. 54 "" iiiniiiiiiiii'"""""^"'^'"""^ Palimpsest Brass, c 1460, Temple Church, Bristol, Gloucestershire. About one-quarter full size. 55 Reverse. Another inscription to Sir Robert Clerk, chaplain of the chantry of Peter Fabiller. Date c. 1500. ^it mtt ringf Kobcrtu0 Clerk quoria[m] Capdlanujs Cantarief prtri ffabillec i[n] p'0enti tztWa. funtiat' twi' m ppiciet' tic' ^[men]. Found in 1889 under the pews in the South Aisle, and now hung on a hinge and fastened to the wall. Odiham. Obverse. A man in armour, c. 1540, feet lost, now mural, North Chantry. Height of effigy in its present mutilated con- dition 23^ inches. Possibly Richard Vass, Esq., 1542. The original slab, now partly covered by the stove, shows indents for this figure, two wives, two groups of children (one group consist- ing of one son and five daughters yet remains under the stove), an inscription, and several shields. It appears to have been once on an altar tomb, but this has been destroyed. Reverse. The figure is made up of three odd pieces. The top piece, 4|- x 4f inches, bears a few engraved lines only, much obscured by pitch, and may possibly have been a portion of the priest in the centre piece. The centre piece, measuring loi X 9| inches, is cut out of the centre of a figure of a priest in a cope, c. 1480 (?). The bottom piece, 9 inches in length, bears a portion of a draped figure, c. 1440 (?), Winchester College. In the possession of the Warden of the College is the greater portion of the original figure of John White, elected Warden of the College in 1541, consecrated Bishop of Lincoln in 1554, translated to Winchester in 1556, deprived in 1559, died at South Warnborough in 1560, and buried in Winchester Cathedral. The brass was probably engraved and laid down in the College Chapel about the year 1548. When the Chapel was restored in 1877, some of the brasses, including this one, were taken up for safety, but when again required, could not be found, nor, with 56 the exception of this fragment, have any of them been recovered. In 1882, Dr. Freshfield caused facsimiles of all the missing brasses to be engraved and laid down in the Chapel. The original figure is palimpsest. Obverse. Effigy of Warden White, head and feet lost. Size of figure in its present condition 31 x 135 inches. The Warden is vested in a cassock, surplice, and cope richly embroidered with pomegranates and roses, the hood just appearing on the shoul- ders. The cope is fastened by a large morse charged with the sacred monogram. Reverse. The figure has been cut out of the upper part of a much larger figure of a lady, in the costume of a widow, c. 1440. The end of the plaited barbe appears on the breast, the over- gown has large surplice sleeves, and the tight-fitting sleeves of the undergown appear at the wrists. Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Havipshire Field Club Papers and Proceedings, vol. iii. pi. i, page 80. ISLE OF WIGHT. No palimpsest noted here. HEREFORDSHIRE. No palimpsest noted in this county.' HERTFORDSHIRE. The writer is indebted to Mr. W. Frampton Andrews, of Hertford, for the loan of the rubbings of the palimpsests at Bay- ford, King's Langley, and Walkerne. Aldenham. Obverse. A portion of the inscription to John Long, Salter^ citizen and alderman of London, 1538, and wife Dame Margery. The plate in its present mutilated condition measures 12^ x 57 4 inches. Sir Henry Chauncey, in his History and Antiquities of Hertfordshire, ed. 1826, vol. ii. p. 371, states that the plate was formerly in the North Aisle, and gives the inscription in full. The missing words are here shown in brackets. [l^ere Ij^etlj] bttrj^eti tljc liori^' of Joljtx [Eono: Salter] [citijejn i aincrman of ^Loiitioii tinti [2Damc iJl^ar] [Qtt^ IjJiS topfc bjljidj Joljix D^'cti ['c [ti tiiU' of] [3|ul^ 9^°V'^dB3BViii [toljose gfoul 3]C0U0 partioii] Chauncey erroneously gives the date as 1536. Reverse. A portion of another inscription in raised black letter of the second half of the fifteenth century. It is in three lines, but defaced in places : militicf q tiio:ni02?imc tiomine (Ele tir'igf ti . . , animatuifif propicict' tic In a communication to the Transactions of the Cambridge Uni- versity Association of Brass Collectors, pt. ix. (1891), p. 23, Mr. W. F. Andrews writes that " the fragment of brass was found at the vicarage in June, 1889," and that the vicar intended to have it framed and hung in the vestry. Bayford. Obverse. A man in armour, c. 1545, the centre portion of a female figure of similar date, and a shield charged with the arms of Knighton impaling Gascoigne quartering Pigott. Most probably the remains of the brass to John Knighton, Esq., lord of the manor, who died in 1545, and of his wife, apparently a mem- ber of the family of Gascoigne. The male figure and the shield are now relaid in a recess in the Chancel specially constructed to receive the Knighton monuments when the church was rebuilt in 1870. The fragment of the female effigy was not relaid and is now in the possession of Mr. W. Clinton Baker, of Bayfordbury, who has most courteously lent the original for reproduction and to whom the writer desires to express "his obligations. The male effigy is 20 inches in height, the fragment of the female effigy 6^ inches, and the shield measures 6| x 5 inches. 58 The male effigy is engraved in J. E. Cussans* History of Hertford- shire, vol. ii. (Hundred of Hertford), p. 148. All the existing pieces are palimpsest. Reverse. The armed figure is made up of two portions of a large shrouded figure ; the upper, 13^ inches in height, shows the folds of the shroud over the body with the bare knee and part of the leg just appearing, the lower, 6f inches in length, shows the foot and a small portion of the leg. The two pieces do not join, a small piece having been cut out. The hatching over the joint is simply a key for the solder. The date appears to be about the middle of the fifteenth century. WW Obverse and Reverse of the Knighton Brass, Bayford, Herts. About one-eighth full size. The fragment of the lady and the shield are cut out of a large Flemish brass of an abbot or bishop, c. 1480, of which two other larger pieces form the reverses of the figures of Nicholas and Ellen Wayte, 1545, at Upminster, Essex,^ thus confirming the date of the Knighton brass and also proving the Bayford and Upminster brasses to have come from the same workshop. As before remarked under Upminster, this, so far as the writer is ' See illustration, Upminster, Essex, No. II. 59 aware, is the first instance in which pieces of one and the same brass have been identified in separate churches. The fragment of the lady shows a portion of the richly diapered chasuble, part of the stem of the crosier, and the portion of the figure of a Saint on the centre orphrey of the chasuble. The shield also shows a portion of the chasuble with its edge, and portions of the dalmatic or tunic beneath. As is the case at Upminster these fragments show signs of considerable wear. Great Berkhampstead. Obverse. Six Latin verses from the brass to John Water- house, Gent,, and wife Margaret; both died in 1558. Size of plate i8| X 7 inches, in two pieces respectively measuring 15 and 3^ inches. (tcct mb W tumulo coniiinc trorq? iaccmucf aetemam pacem tionct ttriqj ^m^ /liil cuiqucim abcftulimu<j efi quiti bcitefccimujs till (Est qui pro mcritic? prcmia Uigna tiabit d^eft tamcii trna gfaluef Cricfti miefccatio qtiam qui Crau0i0 ambobuef scpc prccarc prccore. Reverse. The larger piece is cut out a very finely engraved quadrangular plate commemorating Thomas Humfre, of London, goldsmith, and Joan, his wife, a daughter of William Bayntun, brewer. The date may be c. 1500 (?). Haines states that the upper part contains portions of two figures in shrouds (?), with five sons and two daughters, and between them St. Michael weighing souls. A portion of the figure of St. Michael is fairly clear but the rest is very indistinct. The inscription on the lower part of the plate is in raised black letter, the large initial "O" enclosing a small seated figure of St. Jerome in Cardinal's robes, with a cross in his right hand and a lion on his left side. Four lines of the inscription remain and read thus : ^i }>onvc djaritc praj' for tlje 0oul[c0] of ^Ijomas l^umfrc late of llonti[on] goltismj'tljc anti 3|onc Iji'of toj'ffc tijc [Mn] Qiljtcr of (Elj^'ll^'am Baj^'ntu brrtocr tcil)['c[lj] 6o The tops of the letters of a fifth line can just be seen. From the delicacy of the engraving it seems probable that the brass was the work of one of the worthy goldsmith's own craft. The plate, which is now on a hinge, is fastened to the sill of a window in the North Transept. The figure of St. Jerome is engraved in J. E. Cussans' History of Hertfordshire, vol. iii. (Hundred of Dacorum), p. 6i. Braughing. Stolen during the restoration in 1888, and now in the Saffron Walden Museum, Essex. Obverse. Effigies of a civilian and wife, c. 1480, inscription lost. Probably Thomas Grene, son of Richard Grene, 1484, and wife. Height of effigies iSg inches. The figure of the man is in two pieces, the head being broken offi Reverse. The male effigy is alone palimpsest and is cut out of the slightly larger figure of a lady, c. 1440, wearing a veil head- dress and a very high-waisted gown with large full sleeves. The obverse of both figures and the reverse of the male figure are engraved in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. p. 214. In a paper, by Mr. W. W. Porteous, accompanying the illustration, it is stated that the brasses were purchased from a mason for five shillings by Mr. J. J. Green, of Stanstead, Essex, and by him presented to the Museum. Eastwick. In the collection of the Society of Antiquaries is a rubbing of the palimpsest portion ^ of the inscription in eight English verses, now lost, to Robert Lee, Esq., 1564, and wife Joan. The figure of Robert Lee has long been missing, but the stone still containing the figure of his wife Joan, the eight verses, a smaller plate with the date of death, and two shields, remained in the Chancel floor until the church was rebuilt between 1870 and 1880, when all except one shield and the smaller inscription- plate disappeared. Quite recently the figure of the wife, which is not palimpsest, has been recovered and together with the other ' See N. Salmon's History of Hertfordshire, 1728, p. 255. 1 6i two pieces placed on the tower wall. The second shield has found its way into the Saffron Walden Museum. Possibly the inscription may yet turn up from some unexpected quarter, and as an aid to identification is here printed in full. Obverse. The plate bearing the verses measures ig| x Cl- inches and has been broken across the middle, the pieces re- spectively measuring g and io|- inches ; a small fragment, about 2x4 inches, has also been broken from the top right hand corner. The verses are as follows : li ILlobcrt %tz (£0qu['cr IjijS botiic 13 Inir^'cli Ijcre <iail)o jserijcti tot l^^w^z Ctitoartic fir^tc tief gfrtocc mciiie a 5anti after to lij^iiffe ^aijillippe anti Sl^atie ^ucne of latr ^nti la0t to^'tlj ^ucnc (EUjabetlj our noble prince in <anti of tlje anncient :2BnQ:lcp ^otogfe in Cljes^Ijire bornr toa0 Ijc 5anti in tijief '(lombe tot 3]onc Ijicf toife lytu burieti botiir tljcp be jfor toljo0c ffooti tertuegf on t^t ertlje anti tijere nrsferbeti fame ^\)\^ ffooti remembraunee after tietlj isljall 0tiU reneto tlje jsame The smaller inscription bearing the date of death measures II X 2| inches, and is also either broken across the middle or composed of two plates respectively measuring 5^ and 5I inches. It bears the words : toljiclj Eobert tipeti p^ rriii lia^ of 3|anuar^n 1564, anti tlje ssa^^li 31oue tij^eti i'f ba^' of Reverse. On the reverse of the eight English verses is the greater portion of an inscription to Elynor, [wife] of John Pate,' i[5]2i: ' Wills of the following members of the Pate family may be found in the registers of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury at Somerset House : John Pate, of Shillington, Beds., and Offley, Herts., 1505 ;■ John Pate, of St. Thomas of Acres, London, 1506; and John Pate, of Henley-on-Thames, and Blackfriars, London, 1520. » * « * 62 t pra^ for tf)e gfoule of CEl^nor l^ate to 31o5tt pate nnti tiouffliter of of ^m\t^ t\ic tol)icl)e (Elinor tiece^^en f ffebruar^ t\it ^ere of our lorti (Bots ^ xxi on to^o^e gfoulr JiW \\a\it merc^ amen. Although a portion of the date is missing, the style of the inscription and of the lettering leaves no doubt as to the date being 1521. Hertingfordbury. A shield, 5^ x 4f inches, formerly in this church, but now in the possession of the Society of Antiquaries of London. Obverse. Reverse. Formerly at Hertingfordbury, Herts, now in possession of the society of antiquaries. About one-third full size. Obverse. A shield of arms bearing. Quarterly I. and IV. two lions passant. 1 1 . and II I . a cross patonce, impaling a saltire engrailed, which again impales a lion rampant.^ An old rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries, from which the above shield was identified as belonging to this ' This may be the coat of Dudley quartering Sutton and impaling Tiptoft and Powys. 63 church, shows that originally there were four shields on the slab, viz., (i) at the upper dexter, three bars gemel, for Benstede (?);^ (2) at the upper sinister, the shield now in the possession of the Society of Antiquaries ; (3) at the lower dexter, Quarterly I. and IV. two lions passKut ; II. and III. a cross patonce, impaling Quarterly I. and IV. a saltire engrailed impaling a lion rampant ; II. and III. three bars gemel (?) ; (4) at the lower sinister, as No. (3), but in the first quarter of the impalement the lion takes pre- cedence of the saltire. These shields are now lost. Reverse. The shield has been cut out of a group of children, c. 1460. Portions of five or six boys may be clearly seen and in the right hand corner is apparently the skirt of a female figure. King's Langley. Obverse. Inscription to William Carter, 1528, and wife Alice. Size of plate 17x3 inches. The prayer clauses at the beginning and end have been completely cut out. f (Lcllj'Um Carter anti ^1^0 ij^'cf bj^'fr tljc toljpcl) (l(ll?'llm tirfC00cti tljc \\ tiar of aprj^U fw t!)r pcrc of o'- lorn 9^i>Tc^a^>Tnici ^^ Reverse. Another inscription to Joan, apparently the wife of — Marsburgh, citizen and bowyer of London, 1487. The des- truction of the prayer clauses in the Carter inscription unfortu- nately renders this inscription incomplete. Prn^j for tljr sonic of Jo iJl^ar0buro:l) ritqcm anD liotoj'cr of Honnon toljidjc Joljan tic . . . I pc pcrc of ottr lorti pti ^ bl^°CCCC2l ^^^V\\ . . . St. Alban's Abbey. Obverse. The lower portion of an -abbot, c. 1400, generally attributed to John de la Moote, abbot from 1396 to 1401. The ' The arms of Benstede are (gii.) t/n-ee bars getuel (firg.). (H fragment measures 21 inches in height. Engravings of this well- known brass may be found in Boutell's Monumental Brasses and Slabs, p. 148 ; The Portfolio of the Mommiental Brass Society, pt. xi. pi. i. with pieces now lost ; The Home Counties Magazine, vol. i. pp. 154 (as in the Portfolio), 155 (from a sketch made in 1643). Reverse. The lower part of a lady with a small dog at her feet, of similar date and probably a "waster" from the workshop. Engravings of this reverse may be found in Boutell, p. 148 ; Macklin's Monumental Brasses, St. Alban's Abbey. p_ jog . ^nd the Home Counties Magazine, vol. i. p. 157, to the publisher of which the writer is indebted for the loan of the accompanying block. St. Alban's, St. Peter. R. Clutterbuck, in his History of Hertfordshire, vol. i. p. 118, gives the following account of the discovery of the palimpsest reverse of the inscription to Roger Pemberton, Esq., high sheriff of Herts., and founder of an almshouse at St. Alban's, died 1627, aged 72. The inscription is now lost, only the figures of Roger and Elizabeth Pemberton and a quadrangular plate bearing their six children remain in the church and have recently been relaid and fastened to the wall of the South Aisle. Clutterbuck says : " The stone to which these brass plates were originally affixed having been broken, the workmen, at the time of the repair in 1786, finding that Mr. Ray's gravestone [in the south aisle] was of a size convenient for their purpose, took possession of it, and fastened the brasses to it ; but the stone hav- ing been taken up during the time of the last repair, and exposed to the heat of the sun, the cement which fastened the largest plate was melted, and it was pulled off, when it appeared that the inscription which commemorated Mr. Pemberton was as much an intruder upon the brass as the brasses were upon Mr. Ray's gravestone, for upon the back of the brass plate appeared the following inscription engraved in the antient German charac- ter": ^5 " iltvt l^^nl) Joljii Ball brirkcmakrr toljirlj pbc tljc pflr= 00110 anti toartjcns of tl)ls Cljirdjc 3^0 pcrclr for a pcr= pctiitill oliitc to be kcptc for tijc 0oulp0 of Ijim nnl5 (Elijabctlj lji0 to;'f anti Joljii Ball l)i0 faticr anti Cljrj'0= tiaii 1)10 molirr anti tljc 0aiti ;|oljii ticcc00rti rljc uiii tia^' of €)ctobrc tljc }kvc of oi lorn Q^.ITc^f on tol)O0c 0ouli0 J['\)n iia\ic mrrc[>. ^mcn." Walkern. I. Obveysc. Inscription to Richard, son of John Huniherstone, 1581. Size of plate 151 x 4 inches. i^ere l^ctlj buricti iinticr tlji0 0tonr tl)c botip of E^cljarti I3umbcr0tonr tljc 0onnc of 3|o^n l^umbcr0tonc toljo nccca00cti tljc biitij tia^' of i^arcljc i\\ ^t ^tu of o^ Eorb (Boti 1581. Reverse. The greater portion of an inscription to John Love- kyn, four times mayor of London, who died in 1370, and was buried in the church of St. Michael, Crooked Lane, London. The inscription reads thus : [Fcjrmibim t&za tiatur ILobckmi caro pulcljra [31olji0] [Bi]0 fuit Ijic maior itcrum bi0 Ecp uib[cntc] [ajnno millcno tcr C cum 0cptuapno John Lovekyn was mayor of London in 1348, 1358, 1365, and 1366, in the two latter years by command of the King as stated in the inscription. According to Stow, he rebuilt the church of St. Michael, Crooked Lane, and " was buried there in the choir, under a fair tomb, with the images of him and his wife in alabas- ter. The said church hath been since increased with a new choir and side chapels, by Sir William Walworth ; and also the tomb of Lofkyn was removed, and a fiat stone of grey marble, garnished with plates of copper, laid on him, as it yet remaineth in the body of the church."^ From this account it ' Thorns' edition of Stovv's Survey, p. 83. 66 seems probable that Walworth moved the high tomb with ala- baster figures into a new position and marked the actual place of interment by " a flat stone of grey marble, garnished with plates of copper," one being this inscription which was seen and copied by Stow. The date 1370 appears to be an error; John Love- kyn's will is dated on the Thursday after the Feast of St. James the Apostle (July 27), 1368, and was enrolled and proved in the Hustings Court of London on November 6, in the same year. The plate is now on the wall of the Vestry. Both sides are engraved in J. E. Cussans' Histcvy of Hevtfovdshive, vol. ii. (Hun- dred of Broadwater), p. 79. See also the Tvansactions of the London and Middlesex Avchceological Society, vol. iii. p. 133, when the original plate was exhibited and commented upon by the late Mr. J. Gough Nichols, F.S.A., and vol. vi. p. 340, for a paper by the late Major Alfred Heales, F.S.A., entitled "Some Account of John Lovekyn, Four Times Mayor of London." n. Obverse. Effigies of Edward, son of John Humbarstone, gent., 1583 in civil dress, and wife Annas, daughter of Edward Welche, with five sons and three daughters, a foot inscription, and shield of arms with helmet, crest, and mantling on a square plate with rounded top. The male effigy measures i8j inches in height; the female 17^ inches; the plate on which the sons are engraved tapers from 6 to 5^ inches in height and in length is 6f inches ; that on which the daughters are engraved tapers from 6 to 5 inches in height and in length is 5 inches; the inscription-plate is 2i| x 4 inches ; and the plate bearing the shield, &c., is 8^ inches high by 7 inches wide. All palimpsest. Reverse. The reverse of this brass is made up of no fewer than eleven pieces cut out of three or four Flemish brasses of various dates. Five pieces belong to a marginal inscription, dated 1474, and apparently commemorating a member of the Van Lauwr family ; four other pieces, two being fragments of a marginal inscription and two portions of a shield, appear to belong to a brass to the family of Gryse, of date c. 1510 ; another bears a group of sons, of date c. 1500; and another the head of a lady, c. 1400 (?). ^^7 Paiimi'mcm Ki.M.KMiM'i IIimrkkmum; 1!ka>s, 15S3, W.\lki;r.\, Hekis. About one sixth lull size. 68. The male effigy is made up of two pieces, the upper, 7^ inches in height, bears the head of a lady in veil head-dress and wimple, of date c. 1400 (?); the lower, io| inches in length, bears a por- tion of a marginal inscription bearing the words 0rp0C tilt OU'l ^ enclosed within an ornamental border of foliage, and may be dated c. 15 10.- A small fragment of this same inscription is used in the foot inscription, and the shield out of which the children are cut bears the arms of the Gryse family impaling another coat. The female effigy is also made up of two pieces belonging to a marginal inscription (a third piece bears the date 1474) appar- ently part of a memorial to the family of Van Lauwr. The upper portion, 7 inches in length, bears the word 0CpultUCrC on a curved scroll, below which is a smaller scroll bearing the words p -f l[' + filUlt, the background being filled in with a rich diaper of foliage work. The lower portion, 10 inches in length, bears on a curved scroll the words ttllt + IflUtor, with the background filled in with a rich diaper of foliage and mons- ters. A portion of a roundel just appears at the narrower end of the fragment. The children are cut out of a large shield of arms originally measuring about 11x9-^ inches ; the two pieces join together and give the arms of the Gryse family, a chev- ron between three trefoils, impaling a buck's head with an escallop shell in base, possibly a differenced coat of the family of De Cerf.^ The inscription is composed of four pieces, respectively measuring loj, 6|, 2f , and 1 1 inches. The larger piece is cut out of a group of sons, c. 1500, under canopy work and standing on a floor divided into squares. The centre figure Walkern, Herts. ' For " Gryse die overleet " = Gryse who died. ^ Compare with the marginal inscription in the church of Notre Dauie, Bruges, to Alexander and Barbele du Bosquiel, 15 12, figured in J. Gailliard's Inscriptions Funeraires et IMonumentales de la Flandre Occidentale, vol. ii. p. 140. ' Rietstrap, Armorial General, gives the arms of De Gryse, of Bruges, as D'arg. au cJiev7-on de gii. ace. de trois trejles de sinople, and those of De Cerf de Haghedorne, Bruges, D'or a un rencontre de cerf de gu. Gailliard, Inscriptions Funeraires, &c., says the Gryse family have a vault in one of the chapels in the church of St. Donat, Bruges. 69 is complete, the one on the right is cut in half, and of the one on the left only the hands and a portion of the robe remain. It will be noticed that this figure has a small cross in its hands, proba- bly indicating that the child was dead. The second and third pieces of this inscription are portions of the 1474 inscription ; the larger piece bears the words int JCI, and the smaller the end of some word now illegible. The fourth piece is a mere fragment from the border of the Gryse inscription. The plate bearing the Humberstone shield contains a portion of a roundel, and a curved scroll with the date CCCCD + 2.310 ^iiil, and has the background filled in with the diaper work of foliage and monsters. The brass was originally on the floor of the North Aisle, but is now fastened to the wall. HUNTINGDONSHIRE. No palimpsest noted in this county. KENT. Aylesford. Obverse. Inscription to John Savell, gentleman, servant to Sir Thomas Wiat, knight, 1545. Size of plate, 17^^ x 3^ inches. ^ere Ipetl) JoW »)atell (Bentilman jsiitpme efarbant to ^^r '(Il)omnef Wiiat knvQl)t 'txiliic^ tifce00iti tlje lanrtt) tiop of maiTljc ^" mi 9^iFr^2iF. ^n VdIjosc 0otilc iljTi Ijn uc nicrcp. ;|^{pffl)|dmsafifll'®Enttitoan flapturstuSaiitfiispr Palimpsest Inscrh'tign, Aylesford, Kent. About one-quarter full size Reverse. The inscription is cut out of a portion of a canopy 70 of a very late foreign, probably Flemish, brass, and shows the greater portion of a figure of Force or Fortitude. This cardinal virtue is represented by a female figure with a shield charged with a cross on her left shoulder, whilst with her hands she is apparently throttling a dragon. On a small curved scroll at her feet are the letters OVCt and the top horizontal stroke of the letter '• F." Force is usually represented either throttling the dragon or tearing it out of a crenellated keep or dungeon, as may have been the case in this example, but unfortunately, the right-hand side of the figure is cut off. The date of this fragment appears to be but a few years earlier than the inscription. It is engraved in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. viii. p. 174, and in W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 10, No. 15. COBHAM. Obverse. Inscription to William Hobson, master of the col- lege, 1473. Size of plate, 16 x 4I inches. ^ic iam tingf W^illm | ^ob0on quonliam ^a^ii i0tiu0 coIUq | ii qui obiit xzii Hie iau0U0tia°tinia^°CCCC° ] JL^mU tnV m dpicin' \it' Only the first half of this inscription, eight inches in length, is original ; the remainder is a restoration by Mr. J. G. Waller. It is engraved in W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 38, No. 67. Reverse. The original half bears on the reverse a portion of another inscription, c. 1420 (?), but the name and date are un- fortunately wanting. ^ic iatmt magi^t' obiit x):° Die men0' ac 30abeUa $ Sig;nt0 Now fastened down. CUXTON. I. Obverse. Inscription, slightly mutilated at one end and date not filled in, to John Buttyll, parson of Cuxton and chaplain to Prince Edward. The effigy, 15 inches in length, is lost. Size of inscription-plate in its present condition, 1 5! x 3^ inches. The casement shows it to have originally measured lyk inches in length. 71 [Prap] for tlje isoulf of ^a&ttt 3!ol)n Button pgfon of [t!ji0] cl)urcl)e, anD c!)apla^n to t!)e i^^o:!) $ nob^ll [prijnce Ctitoartie, tol)icf) 91^ Jolin tiece^efili t^t [Hap] of ^n° nni S^^F^ toljo' gfoule i!)u pno. The casement lies on a high tomb between the Chancel and the South Chapel with a painted chamfer inscription, which, according to Thorpe's Registrum Roffense, p. 772, reads thus : " Hie iacet Johannes Botyll rector huius ecclesie qui obiit ultimo die Junii anno domini 1568." Although Master John Buttyll held the living until the year 1568, the brass cannot be dated later than the year 1547, when Prince Edward became King Edward VI. Probably it was engraved during the rector's lifetime, somewhere between the years 1540 and 1547. There is an engraving of the tomb in Gough's Sepulchral Monuments, vol. ii. pi. xxxii. p. ccxc. Reverse. This inscription is cut out of a portion of a large canopy with figures of saints and angels in niches. The lower portion of one female saint and the head and wings of an angel alone remain. Haines queries it as Flemish, but it appears to be of English workmanship late in the fifteenth century. Loose in the church chest in 1900. II. Obverse. A mutilated inscription, 11 x 5 inches, to John [Turner] , woolpacker, of London, 1545. prap for t!)e gfoulc of 31ol)ii dJUolpackrr of EonDon 0ome I^at!)erpn0 Cljrp0tc!)urcl)c Sluffueft a° nni ^°V'^ILV. o toljo Mr. J. Challenor Smith, in a communication to Notes and Queries, January 4, 1879, says : " By way of supplying the missing surname I subjoin a''note from a will, obviously that of the person commemorated on the brass. Will dated 12th and proved 22nd August, 1545 (P.C.C. Pynnyng, fo. 33), 'John Turner of the parishe of Saint Kateryn Christis Church w'in London Wolman .... My bodye to be buried in the churche of Cokston in Kent, in the Chapell of Our Lady, yf I doo deceas in the parishe of Hallyng. And yf I lyve I will that my body shal be buried in 72 the Church of Saint Kateryn Christis Church aforsaid, before the Fonte, in a knowlige of the faithe which I toke there. . . .' " Master John Buttyll was one of the witnesses to this will. Reverse. This is composed of the fragments of two inscrip- tions, the larger piece, 7| inches in length, bears a portion of an inscription to Adam (?) atte Sterre, 1395, and wife Marion, 139 — . It reads thus : .... a atte Sterre qui ... . g^°ccc"E^^5erF° .... riona atte Sterre .... . . . . \\(i €€€"" /I5onoQ:e0im .... The smaller piece, 3|- inches in length, bears a few words of a later inscription, c. 1460 (?), much obscured by pitch and solder. It reads thus : .... uoq? pauU . . . £f q' p'oc ol . . . bita e0t with a scroll composed of leaves under the last line. Broken in two pieces and loose in the church chest in 1900. DOWNE. Obverse. Inscription, now broken and mutilated, to John Bederenden, citizen, clothier, and chamberlain of London, 1445. Size of plate, 21 x 2f inches. ^iz mtt 3o^e0 Betiec[emien] qntim €m^ ^annari' $ Camerari' ILonlion qui obiit rriif Hie 2Decembri0 a° mi "3^^ €<t€€°^%V t\xi ale ppiciet' tie' ^me. Reverse. A portion, 7^ inches, bearing the commencement of the inscription, is a fragment of the end of another inscription of similar date, probably a " waster." It bears the following words : qui obiit ri Die .... alabi ypiciet' Deujsf. mm I'imT Palimpsest Inscription, Erith, Kent. About one-third full-size. \Tofacep. 73 73 Erith. Obverse. Inscription, now much broken and mutilated, to Anne, eldest daughter of Thomas Harman, Esq., of Crayford, and wife of William Draper, gentleman, of Erith, 1574, " and lefte in chyldryn too sonnes and too dowghters that ys to say Thomas and Henry : Elizabeth & Brydgett." Size of plate when complete 13 x 6| inches. ^ttt i^nljt tl)c faoti^c of annc i5arma[u p] eluejste 2Dotog:()ter of ^ljoma0 l^arman [of] Cra^forn (E^quicc auU toife to inillm 2Dra[p of] (Erpt[)t Qtnf toljo 2D['cti tljc rt[ij na^e of] ipfbruar^ 1574 anti leftc in [Clj^ltirpn too] »)onne0 i too SDotugljtcrief tlja[t ^0 to 0ap] d)oma0 antJ i^cnr^ : dijabetl) [i 3v}>\iQm], The words in brackets are supplied from a complete rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. In 1863 Erith church was much damaged by an explosion in the neighbourhood and this brass disappeared during the subsequent restoration. In 1893 ^ small fragment about 3x3 inches, was given to Mr. R. A. S. Macalister by a gentleman whom he had met whilst travelling in Scotland. Mr. Macalister identified the fragment as belonging to Erith and sent it on to the Rev. R. W. M. Lewis, then curate at Erith, who fastened it to the wall of the vestry. In 1897 ^^- Lewis received from the family of a former church- warden another piece of the brass measuring about 9x6^ inches, and then had the pieces mounted in a frame between two sheets of glass and hung in the church. Upon examination the frag- ments proved to be palimpsest. Reverse. A fragment of a large Flemish brass, of late fifteenth or early sixteenth century work, showing a portion of a shield with a fretty field charged with eagles displayed and a small portion of the mantling above, also a piece of the ornamental border sur- rounding the whole. Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. iii. p. 203. Faversham. Obverse. Two shields, 6x5 inches, each bearing the arms of the Cinque Ports. Date c. 1540. 74 Reverse. One shield is cut out of the figure of a lady, c. 1440, apparently a widow, portions of the barbe, the veil head-dress, mantle, and girdle of the kirtle being visible. Rings are worn on the fingers of both hands. The second is simply an old shield re-used, and bears the arms of Langley, quarterly per fess indented (arg.) and (az.) quartering Langley, quarterly {or) and (gu.) a bend (sa.). These shields are now fixed on hinges and let into a pillar in the North Aisle. GODMERSHAM. Obverse. Inscription to William Geffray, chantry priest, 1516. Size of plate, 15I x 2| inches. ^ic iacn tingf ^illmujs (Beffra^ qu°tim cantari0ta l^ui' ttclii qui obiit rr° Hie ^'cii Sin° Uni 9^°<t€€€€° Reverse. Another inscription, to William Attilburgh, gentle- man, 1471, and wife Margaret. ^ic mmt ^laiillmgf ^ttilburg:!) gen'osfugf n ^atsatna uxat €iu0 qui quiHem aoliUmgf obiit xxiiii° Hie ^tmi& )aprili0 a° dni 9^''CCCC°^^^3i° quor' ianimab? opicietur tieuef ame. Loose in the custody of the vicar. Graveney. In the collection of the Society of Antiquaries is an early rubbing, taken by Thomas Fisher in the first quarter of the nineteenth century, of a palimpsest fragment then loose in the church chest but now lost. It is a fragment of an inscription, 9X3 inches, bearing on the obverse in very late black letter characters the words : . . . auenel Couerlelige burieti tlje . . . . . . U}bttiie xxi, and on the reverse a portion of another inscription : m]ic iacn 'djomas C!)^ . aprir a° mi 9^°€€(t€°9B . . . 75 The rubbing is very faint and indistinct, especially of the obverse side. HOATH. The Rev. H. Haines, in his Manual of Monumental Brasses, part ii. p. 102, states that the figure of Agnes, wife of Antony Maycot, 1532, is palimpsest. The figure is now fastened down and the writer has been unable to obtain any further information. Lee, St. Margaret. I. Obverse. Inscription, mutilated, to Henry Byrde, groom of the King's chamber, 1545. Size of plate about 13 x 4I inches. i^enricugf B^cUe quontiam Falectuef Camece Eeffie mo dormit gfub jsaro q' (i\iiit xxiiii 2Die iapriU0 anno tini 1545 zwi' ale ^piciet' lieugf Reverse. H. H. Drake, in his new edition of E, Hasted's History of Kent, part i. the Hundred of Blackheath (all published), p. 229, gives the following unsatisfactory note : " This brass, a palimpsest, was unknown to Thorpe." The inscription is now securely fastened to the wall of the North Aisle and the writer has been unable to obtain any further details. n. Obverse. Effigy (23 inches) and inscription (20 x 4I inches) to Mrs. Isabel, daughter of Thomas Hatteclyf, Esq., and wife to Mr. Nicholas Annesley, 1582. Reverse. Drake, p. 229, says on the back of the inscription are " fragments of a palimpsest (probably Flemish) displaying the lion of St. Mark engraved with remarkable vigour and richness." This inscription has been inaccurately relaid under the small figure of Elizabeth Couhyll, 1513, and is now on the wall of the North Aisle, The writer has been unable to obtain any further details of the reverse. 76 West Malling. Obverse. A shield, loose in April, 1901, but about to be refixed, 6x5^ inches, bearing — Quarterly I. and IV. (Arg.), semy of cinquefoils (gu.) a lion rampant (sa.) Perepoynt. II. (Arg.), SIX annulets, 2. 2. and 2 [sa.) Manvers. III. (Az.), three hedge- hogs (or) Heriz. From the brass to Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Anthony Babington, and wife of George Perepoynt or Pierpont, Esq., 1543. The upper part of the figure and another shield bearing Babington quartering Dethicke still remain in the original slab on the Chancel floor and are probably also palimp- sest. Engravings of this side of the brass may be found in Haines, Introd., p. 244 (effigy) ; W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 78, No. 151 (effigy and Babington shield) ; and the Rev. H. W. Macklin's Monumental Brasses, p. 75 (ibid.). Palimpsest Shield, West Malling, Kent. About one-third full size. Reverse. A portion of the pediment of a canopy, c. 1500, to which has been added a small piece with a few engraved lines only in order to complete the shape of the shield. By the courtesy of the vicar, the Rev. A. A. Lawson, the writer was ■enabled to clean the pitch from the plate and so bring out the lines of the canopy. The smaller piece is much obscured by the solder used to fasten the two plates together and it is impossible to say what it may have originally represented. 77 * Margate. I. Obverse. A heart inscribed (BtftlO qtl, with three scrolls respectively inscribed KctmnptOC meU0 bliJlt— 2De tttXxX 0urrmuru0 0um — gn carne mea tiOcbo tieu ^altator^ mCU, and an inscription, 19 x 2| inches, to Sir Thomas Smyth, vicar, 1433. ^xz mzt tin0 '^Ijomagf »)mptl) quontia ticari' igfti' eccUe qui obiit t'cio tiU €)ctobri£f SL" tiui <^''€€<L<^°'^l^%nf cui' ale ppiciet' tieu0 Slmen. Engravings of this side of the brass may be found in the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. Ixvii. (1797) pt. ii. p. 641 ; The Oxford Manual,^, cxiv. (heart and scrolls); Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. cclxiii. (heart and scrolls); and W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 82, No. 164. Palimpsest Reverse of Inscription, Margate, Kent. About one-fifth full size. Reverse. When the church was restored about twenty years ago, the inscription was found to be palimpsest. It bears on the reverse the greater portion of another inscription to John Dalton and wife Alice, 1430. [€)r]ate pro a'lab} 9IoI)i£f 2Dalton n SiUcic uic'ifi ciii^ que tiicta Alicia obiit [ . . ]bii tiic gianuarti anno tini 9^'€€€€°^^%' quor' alabj ppicict' ticuef ante. From the close similarity in date it is probable that this inscription was a " waster" from the workshop. The writer is indebted to Mr. W. J. Mercer, of ^Margate, for the tracing from which the accompanying illustration has been made. Mr. Mercer also states that only two rubbings of this inscription were made before it was refixed in its original position on the Chancel floor. 78 79 II. Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Fliitt and wife Elizabeth Twaytts, 1582. Size of plate, 28^ x 8^ inches. HiER VNDER LIETH BVRIED ThOMAS FLIITT who departed this life the And Elizabeth Twaytts his wyfe who DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE XXVIII OF ivli A° Domini 1582. From the style of lettering, the shape of the numerals, and the use of the word " Hier " for •' Here," it seems probable that the inscription was cut in Flanders and imported by Thomas FUitt. Reverse. A portion of the side strip of a Flemish marginal inscription, c. 1400, bearing on a long curved scroll the words iaer Ongf ^ercn a\0 men ^tVtet ^ and containing shields and scenes from the life of man in the compartments formed by the curving of the inscription. In the top compartment is the base of a shield showing the charge of a roundel, in the next are two figures on stilts, in the third a shield-semy of crosses crosslet three helmets, two and one, and in the fourth a youth catching butterflies with the aid of his cap or hood. The whole of the background is filled up with a diaper of conventional vine leaves and bunches of grapes. This side of the plate is engraved in W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 81. fig. 161; The Building News, January 13, 1888 ; and G. Clinch's Old English Churches, p. 237. In the chapel of St. Mary, Ypres, is a somewhat similar brass, but later in date, to the memory of Pieter Lansame, 1489, and wife Lizebette, 1487. It is engraved in the Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monumental Brasses on the Continent of Europe, p. 46. The Margate fragment is now fixed on a hinge and attached to the wall of the South Aisle. Minster, Isle of Sheppey. As is now well known the legs of the figure of Sir John de Northwode, 1320, are a sixteenth century restoration. Mr. J. G. Waller, under whose superintendence the brass was repaired and relaid in 1881, thus describes the circumstances of this early restoration and the later discovery of the palimpsest. Mr. Waller says^ : " In the early days of- archaeology (1838), myself ' " In the year of our Lord as one writes." ■•* Proceediyigs of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. viii. p. 443, :).nd Arckaolosia Cantiana, vol. ix. p. 148. 8o and brother visited Minster, and were struck with the comic peculiarity in the mode of crossing the legs, as shown in this figure. Unlike any other example, it seemed as if in the act of performing some ingenious feat of the terpsichorean art. We were not long, however, before we pronounced it to be an ignorant restoration, much to the disgust of a very self-important sexton or clerk, who, finding his crusader legend upset, seemed almost inclined to turn us out of the church. Closer examination showed a different colour of the metal, which only proved what the details of costume and character of the recumbent lion indicated. Pursuing the subject afterwards, we not only became the more convinced, but we assigned the date proximately of this restoration to the early part of Henry VIII.'s reign, and were borne out by the brass of Peter Gerard, 1492,^ engraved in our volume of Monumental Brasses, in which the recumbent lion is almost identical. Years rolled on, when a casual conversation with the Rev. Canon Scott Robertson revealed that he had found evidence in the register of Archbishop Warham, at Lambeth, pointing directly to the causes which led to this curious circum- stance, so unusual at a time when destruction on a large scale was at hand. At a visitation held at Sittingbourne, October i, 151 1, the churchwardens of Minster presented that, ' It is desyred that where, of long tyme agoo, in the said chapell, a knight and his wife (were) buried, and their pictures upon theym very sore worne and broken, that they make take away the pictures, and lay in the place a playn stone, with a epitaphy who is there buried, that the people may make setts and pewys, where they may more quietly serve God, and thot it may less cowmber the rowme ' (Register, fol. 57, vi.). The commissary admonished the church- wardens and parishioners to present themselves before the Lord Archbishop and to implore his paternity for help in this matter (fol. 79, vi.). It is a natural assumption, therefore, that at this time a reparation of the figures took place, and that the en- lightened Archbishop Warham may have enjoined this preserva- tion, instead of acceding to the very churchwardenlike request of putting ' a playn stone with an epitaphy.' By turning over the legs of the knight we now see in what way our churchwardens set about the work. The artist employed was not an archaeolo- gist, yet he evidently assumed that the figure must be that of a ' At Winwick, Lancashire. See A Series of Monumental Brasses, by J. G. and L. A. B. Waller. 8i crusader, and so, according to the notion that arose about this time, that a cross-legged effigy denoted one who had served in the Holy Land, he thought it the proper thing so to restore the brass. Unhappily, he seemed to have forgotten that, when the legs are crossed the knees must be close to each other, and that the original, preserving this part of the figure, shows them wide apart ; so in this he erred. Then he follows nearly the costume of his own time, though not exactly, in respect to the soUerets, which have the aspect of belonging to the armour worn a few years earlier. As regards the recumbent lion, as before stated, it has all the character of that used in brasses of the early part of the sixteenth century, at which time the work was Palimpsest Figure, Minster (Sheppey), Kent. About one-eighth full size. evidently done. The reverse shows that an old brass, either from the same or some other church, was robbed for the metal by which to do this repair. It is the base of a female figure having had two dogs at her feet, and the date of this may be assigned to the close of the fourteenth century. I think that all antiquaries have cause to thank Archbishop Warham that this interesting brass has been preserved instead of the plain stone and ' the epitaphy who is there buried.' " The palimpsest portion measures 2o|^ inches in height. The reverse is engraved in Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. viii. p. 444. It is now fastened down. The Northwode brass 82 (without the reverse of the palimpsest) is engraved in C. A. Stothard's Monumental Effigies, p. 50 ; The Cambridge Camden Society's Illustrations of Monumental Brasses, No. vi. p. 205 ; Rev. C. Boutell's Monumental Brasses and Slabs, pp. 42, 44 ; Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. 23 ; J. Hewitt's Ancient Armour, vol. ii. p. 151 ; Gentleman's Magazine, N.S. vol. v. pt. ii. (1858) p. 103; Archcsologia Cantiana, vol. ix. p. 149; W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 84, No. 170 ; and G. Clinch's Old English Churches, p. 208. Penshurst. Obverse. Inscription, shield of arms, and marginal inscription with text from Matthew xix., to Margaret, infant daughter of Sir Henry and Lady Mary Sydney, 1558, aged i| years. A strip of the marginal inscription measuring 10 inches in length is loose and is palimpsest. It bears the words : mt for to ^ucl)e ijs t^c feingtio. Reverse. A few words of another inscription, c. 1500, as follows : ut tiq} iuncta : ^ro quit} oreti^ to0. Most probably more of this marginal inscription is palimpsest. Rochester, St. Margaret. Obverse. Half effigy of Thomas Cod, vicar, 1465, vested in cassock, surplice, amice and cope, the orphrey of the latter orna- mented with a running pattern of foHage. Height of effigy, 16 inches; size of inscription-plate, 13x19 inches. The figure only is palimpsest. Reverse. Another figure of Thomas Cod but vested in cassock, surplice, almuce and cope, the orphrey of the latter more richly ornamented with a heart-shaped design alternating with circles enclosing the words " Ihu — m'cy." This figure may have been engraved a little earlier as it much resembles one at Fladbury, Worcestershire, to Thomas Mordon, 1458, but there must have been some reason for re-engraving and substituting the amice for the almuce, the latter being generally worn with the cope. Both sides of the plate are engraved in Boutell's Series of Monumental Brasses, and in his Christian Monuments, p. 154. The brass has been restored and a new head added ; it is now inlaid in a copper plate and hung on the Tower wall. Shorne. Obverse. Inscription, now lost, to Edmund Page, Gent., of Shorne, 1550, who had at the time of his death five sons and two daughters by Eleanor, his only wife, then living. 83 ^tvt Ipetf) burieti (Elimontic ^ajye late of ^!)orne (Be[nt to!)icl) DpeH] 'Efie bii liap of ifebruarp in tljt b ^tvt of tl)e Ee^ffne o[f li^nge (Ktitoarti] '^ije 0pj;t, auti in tl)C ^ere of o^^ Eortie (Bori ^CCCCCil «aDn [tol)O0e 0oul ^W] iiant mnc^, toljo tjati att t!)e tj^me of 1)10 lierljc b 0o[nue0 anti ij] 2Dotoffl)ter0 t^at ^0 to 0a^ %\)oma0, €lm^n\), MLillm [(BtovQt, Eionell.] 31ol)n anti ^g:ne0 b^ (Elenore ^10 onel^ to^fe t[)en U[t3inQ:]. The words in brackets are supplied from Thorpe's Registnim Roffense (1769), p. 760, who records the inscription as then in the Nave, In the collection of the Society of Antiquaries is a rubbing of this in- scription taken by Thomas Fisher in the early part of the last century, A portion was then lost, the remaining piece measuring 17I X 6 inches. Reverse. The only authority for the reverse is an engraving, here re- produced, in the Gentleman's Magazine for 1801, pt, i, p. 497. From this it appears that the inscription had been cut out of a large quadrangular plate in the upper portion of which was a figure of Our Lord in Majesty seated upon a rainbow with a sword point- ing towards his head. The back- ground representing the sky is pow- dered with stars, estoiles, and a crescent moon. In the foreground, on a mound or grassy hill, is the greater portion of a figure in a shroud with a mutilated scroll above bear- ing the words quU0Cit lit 0pe. and below is a shield bearing the arms of the City of Rochester — Or, on a cross gu. the letter R of the first, a chief as the second charged with a lion passant guar- dant gold. In the right-hand lower Formerly at Shorne, Kent. 84 corner is the kneeling figure of a lady from whose hands proceeds a scroll inscribed (Et 3IU^lCia tm ^tliubafautme. Above the lady's head appears the hand of another figure. In the right- hand top corner is a portion of a shield of arms, the first quarter of which appears to bear some kind of beast within a bordure charged with fleur-de-lys. The lower or third quarter has the appearance of being intended for the arms of Mortimer. This fragment may be assigned to a date between 1520 and 1530. SiBERTSWOULD. Obverse. Inscription, partly in rough black letter and partly in cursive letters, to Philemon Powndall, 1660. Size of plate i5i X 4f inches. ^tavt lietlj t^e botip of pi)ilemon 4Bob)ItDilU deceased y^ 13 of March 1660 he was ^^ years Old when he died : he had one wife, one son and 6 Daughters. Loose in Vestry. ^%l CQ rr . gefgfge. 6o5y.ofoPg i/em o. j. Old..w\\inJie,he.a.tit.\\aA.onejvife..one.soii.aiici.lx2)aii^kterS'.- ©rate pro aia Jacobi Bering arixt) qui ®biif.ii^.^ie 9)cfober 3nno Palimpsest Inscription, Sibertswould, Kent. About one-quarter full size Reverse. Another inscription in late black letter to James Dering, Esq., 1532. 85 ^vatt pro aia 3Iacobi 2Dering: arm' qui ^biit \V nie €)ctober anno Although this plate bears the date 1532, the style of lettering shows it to have been engraved much later, probably c. 1630. During the seventeenth century some member of the Bering family, probably Sir Edward Bering, the antiquary, 1598-1644, placed in Pluckley church numerous brasses to his ancestors and this plate may have formed one of the series, being either rejected for some fault or more probably stolen during the troubles of the Civil War. Westerham. I. Now lost. Reproduced from a rubbing in the Collection of the Society of Antiquaries dated 1850. Obverse. A group of six daughters, c. 1520. Size of plate, 5x5 inches. John Thorpe in his Registrum Roffense, p. 1029, mentions the slab of Richard Hayward, 1529, then " in the cross isle at the west end," as containing the figures of six daughters, which may be the group under consideration. Formerly at Westerham, Kent. About one-third full size. Reverse. A portion of a quadrangular plate, the background diapered with lozenges or quatrefoils, bearing the upper portion of the head of a man with long hair and a scroll bearing the words: 86 ^mcm quegfo tame qmti0 intiiffne benig:(ite) (tt 0tmv 0'tu me rege birjo tubm. A portion of another scroll appears in the top left-hand corner. The plate is apparently of English workmanship, c. 1500. II. Obverse. Inscription, i6| x 6 inches, to Richard Potter, Esq., late of Westerham, his three wives, Elizabeth, Anne, Alice, and his twenty children, whereof he left three sons and ten daughters living at the time of his death in 1563. Eicliarli potter late of ?Laie0tra (Egfquiec burieti liere l^ati bp 1)10 Hi "toint^ (Elijabetl). Sint. anu aiice. xx, Cbiluren, toljereof ^e leffte aliue at Ijief neat^e t^e iiiitii of a^ape. 1563. ill. »)onne0 anti. x. 2Daug:^ter0. 91 gflepe in tiugfte, bntill tlje morning. Come Eortie 31e0U0. come quicklpe. * comrlariirlfflii^'roTiinimrMge'. Palimpsest Inscription, Westerham, Kent. About one-quarter full size. 87 Reverse. This inscription is cut out of a portion of a large Flemish brass of late date, apparently only a few years earlier than the inscription itself. It consists of a portion of a richly ornamented column standing upon a square base, on the front panel of which is suspended a shield of arms bearing Quarterly 1. and IV. Quarterly . . and . . , in the first and fourth an estoile . . , in the second and third an annulet. II. and III. Chevronny of four pieces . . . and .... At the side of the column is a portion of the leg of some animal. This plate is now on the wall of the South Aisle under the figure of John Stacy, but the palimpsest portion cannot be seen. There is a rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. III. A group of seven sons, 5f x 6^ inches, belonging to the brass of William Myddilton and wives Elizabeth and Dorothy, 1557, is said to be palimpsest, and to have on the reverse a portion of an inscription, but the writer has been unable to verify this. Most of the brasses at Westerham have been relaid and hope- lessly mixed up. These sons are now attached to the figure of John Stacy, 1536, and under the figure of John Stacy is the inscription to Richard Potter, 1563. LANCASHIRE. Manchester Cathedral. Obverse. A man in armour and wife, c. 1540, nearly effaced, inscription lost. Now on a board in the Chapter Room. Probably Sir Alexander Radclyffe, of Ordsall, 1 548, and wife Alice, daughter of Sir John Boothe, of Barton. There is an engraving, mostly conjectural, of this brass in the Transactions of the Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society, vol. ix. p. 97. The female figure is alone palimpsest. Reverse. The greater portion of another figure of a lady, c. 1450, but also in bad condition. Engravings of the obverse and reverse of this figure may be found in the Palatine Note Book, vol. iv. (1884) p. 77. 88 m til lli U tii Q f§l o § a, U PL, 89 LEICESTERSHIRE. Great Bowden. Obverse. Inscription, 17x5 inches, to William Wolstonton, rector, 1403. This inscription was removed from the chancel floor in 1886 previous to a restoration and was then found to be palimpsest. It was unfortunately broken during removal. H^ic iactt mnffigft' Mlill0 dtlloleftontou qnnm Eector im' tttWc qui oliiit tiltimo tiic menjs' ^UQimi a' nni '^.€€€€° iiV cut* aleppiclet' ti0. Reverse. A portion of a small Flemish brass, c. 1350 (?), containing the figure of a civilian under an arched canopy with super canopy above. The figure has long curly hair, beard and moustaches, and wears a close-fitting tunic buttoned down the front with tight sleeves buttoned from the elbows to the wrists. Long liripipes or lappets hang from the elbows, and the waist is encircled by a narrow girdle. Over the shoulders is a hood or cape with a serrated edge ; the legs are clothed in tight hose and the feet in pointed shoes. Below the feet is a small dog. The whole of the background is filled in with a diaper of foliage. The continuation of the canopy work shows that originally there was another figure on the right-hand side, probably that of his wife. A small Flemish brass of somewhat similar character is preserved in the Archaeological Museum at Ghent. This speci- men, measuring 15I x ii| inches, contains the figures of a civilian and wife, c. 1400 (?), under canopies, but the inscription has been defaced. It is curious to note that this brass is also palimpsest, having at a subsequent date been converted into an inscription.^ In the Oxford Portfolio for June, igoi, Mr. Scott- Hall figures yet another similar palimpsest plate, also preserved in the Ghent Museum. This plate bears on the obverse an inscription dated 1604, and on the reverse the figures of a civilian and a priest under canopy work with a mutilated inscription bearing the date 1368. It measures about 28 X 18 inches. Another small plate is preserved in the chapel of the Lady Superior of the Beguinage at Bruges, and of which there is a plaster cast in the Museum of Antiquities in the Belfry. It measures 17 x 10 inches and commemorates Griel Van Ruwes- ' For this information and for a rubbing of the Ghent brass the writer is indebted to the Rev. W. E. Scott-Hall, of Oxford. 90 cuere, who died in 1410, but the plate seems to have been en- graved earlier as the date is an addition.^ The curious little brass at Aveley, Essex, to Ralph de Knevynton, 1370, also belongs to the same type.'' Both sides of the Great Bowden brass are engraved in the Transactions of the Leicestershire Architectural and Archceological Society, vol. vi. p. 223. From the will of William de Wolstonton, printed at p. 224, it appears that he left instructions for "one marble stone to be bought for 300 shillings to be set over my grave, and that it be ordered and arranged in such form and manner as my executors know that I have appointed." Loughborough. In the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. iii. p. 205, under date December 21, 1865, it is recorded that John Gough Nichols, Esq., F.S.A., exhibited a monumental brass plate from Loughborough Church, Leicestershire, respecting which he communicated the following notes : " The church of Loughborough is one of those very large ecclesiastical structures of which so many have been recently restored under the judicious care of Mr. George Gilbert Scott, F.S.A. In these restorations it is too often the case that, whilst great zeal is shown for architectural renovation, the ancient monuments and sepulchral memorials suffer from neglect and removal. There were a few relics of such memorials in brass plate in Loughborough Church which have not hitherto been replaced ; but I trust they still will be, as they are at present, preserved in a box in the vestry. One of these I have by per- mission of the Ven. Archdeacon Fearon, the rector of Lough- borough, brought to London, and beg to exhibit it this evening. It has an inscription on both sides, and each of them of some curiosity. The inscription which was exposed to view is nearly destroyed by friction from feet, and it was much in the same condition seventy-five years ago when it was drawn by Mr. Schnebbelie for my grandfather, and engraved (first) in his ' Engraved in the Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monumental Brasses on the Continent of Europe, p. 24. - Engraved in J. G. and L. A. B. Waller's Series of Monumental Brasses. 91 Leicestershire Collection.^ I have now, with the assistance of my friend, Mr. Charles Spence, removed some cement with which it was partly encrusted, and have succeeded in decipher- ing somewhat more than one half of it." '' Cl)i0 rr M^ of 31anuar^ in ^t ^ere of oure Hot^t one ^.€€€€ anti rlj tl)e trutot^e to recorne ann garget \\i& toife untiec tl)ief 0ton graben 0onne ^atv^ to name late fi0cl)mong:er of Eontion fpntiinge a pceegft ful pre0t l)ir ^ere tia^ in tl)i£f cl)irclje (Bon gete tl)eir jsfotilis goolie regfte. " In the history of Leicestershire the first words were read, * Here lyeth Giles Jordan,' evidently because it was presumed, and probably correctly, that this was the same memorial thus noticed by Burton in his description of Leicestershire, ' On the tombe of Giles Jordan and Margaret his wife ; which Giles dyed 1415, Quarterly, Argent, three mullets gules; and sable, a chev- ron or between three garbs argent.' The costume of the figures seems scarcely so early as 1415. Indeed it will be remarked how closely it resembles the attire of another townsman of Lough- borough and his wife (engraved in the same plate, and now exhibited) which are dated 1480. I am inclined to believe the date is really 1441." The name of Giles Jordan was, we may presume, legible in Burton's time. " On the reverse side of this plate, since it has been raised from the stone in which it was embedded, has been found, cut in bolder and still perfect letters, an epitaph in the following words : '' €)rate p a'lab} cElijabetlj %i0k nuo filie 3|ol)i0 Cerff uni' Ecmemorator' tie ^ceio Eegi^ l^erici sent ;2Dtueli0 HiQk filii | goljiie filie tice Cli^abetlj qi obierilt t'mino 0ci l^illarii ^nno ^Vii° timrjnn litQis " This inscription is very singular in its giving the date of the ■death of the parties, not by the year of our Lord, the month or •day, but by the year of the King's reign, and the term of St. ' History of Leicestershire, by John Nichols,, vol. iii. pi. cxxii. fig. 3, p. 901 ; also in Bibliotheca Topographica Brilannica, vol. viii. pi. ixix. fig. i, p. 1380. '^ In the Transactions of the Leicestershire Architectural and Archaological Society, vol. v. p. 299, the Rev. W. G. Dimock Fletcher gives the date as 1445. 92 Hilary. The mother and her two children are all three stated to have died in Hilary term in the 17th year of King Henry the Sixth, that is, in 1438. Her father, who was Remembrancer of the King's Exchequer, may have fancied the legal form of dating as peculiarly appropriate to members of his family. That three of them should have died at nearly the same time may probably be attributed to the prevalence of the plague or some other serious epidemic disease. It is, however, possible that there may have been some error in this date which led to the plate being cancelled and used for another memorial. One further observation may be made upon this date, namely, that the year occurring upon this the earlier inscribed surface of the brass, shows that, as before suggested, 1415 is too early for the other side, which we would rather assign to 1441. The occurrence of Otuel as a christian name at this period should also not be passed without observa- tion." This plate, measuring 31x2! inches, is now fastened to the south wall of the Tower, together with the mutilated figures of Giles and Margaret Jordan. 93 LINCOLNSHIRE. Boston. Obverse. A much mutilated and worn figure of a lady, c. 1460. The head, feet, and a greater portion of the left side lost. She wears a high-waisted gown, encircled by a narrow ornamental girdle, and having close-fitting sleeves with small turned-back cuffs. Height of effigy in its present condition, 19I inches. Paumpsest Figure, Boston, Linos. About one-sixth full size. Reverse. A portion of tlie upper part of a large figure of a widow, c. 1390, showing the barbe and veil, the hands and fore- 94 arms, the sleeves of the kirtle with their numerous buttons, the gown with close-fitting sleeves, and the cord for fastening the mantle. Loose in the library over the porch in 1894. GUNBY. A knight and lady of the Massyngberd family, c. 1405, both with SS. collars, double canopy, the side shafts lost, five shields, of which two only remain, and a marginal inscription, now much mutilated. In 1552 the brass was appropriated as the memorial to Sir Thomas Massyngberde, who died in that year, and his wife Joan, a daughter of John Braytoft. To accomplish this the marginal inscription, which was originally in incised letters, was cut down and replaced by one in raised letters. Traces of the earlier inscription are still visible between the words of the later inscription. The brass, which is on the floor of the Nave, is engraved in the Rev. C. Boutell's Series of Monumental Brasses, and in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. pi. xxi. HORNCASTLE. Sir Lionel Dymoke, 1519, in armour, kneeling, with scroll from hands, two sons (now lost), and three daughters; Holy Trinity lost, in the casement is now painted a coat-of-arms ; three shields and an inscription. On the wall at the East end of the North Aisle. Engraved in G. Weir's Horncastle, ist Edition (1820), p. 30, and 2nd Edition (1822), p. 27, and the Rev. S. Lodge's Scrivelsby, the Home of the Champions, p. 53. The lower portion of the plate bearing the sons, i\ x 3f inches, was palimpsest, having on the reverse a fragment of a Flemish inscription with three letters on a curved scrolE between diaper work of vine leaves and bunches of grapes, c. 1370. A rubbing of this fragment is in the Collection of the Society of Antiquaries. According to the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, pt. ii. p. 118, there is on the reverse of one of the shields of arms "a figure playing a violin, Flemish." The writer has been unable to see any rubbing of this or to obtain any further details. 95 Laughton. A knight in armour, probably of the Dalison family, c. 1400, under triple canopy. Appropriated by the insertion of a new foot inscription as a memorial to William Dalison, Esq., Sheriff, Escheator, and Justice of the Peace and Quorum for the County of Lincoln, who died in 1546, and his son and heir George Dalison, who died in 1549. The brass, which is on a high tomb at the East end of the South Aisle, is engraved in the Rev. C. Boutell's Series of Monu- mental Brasses; the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Montimental Brasses, Introd., p. clxi. ; J. Hewitt's Ancient Armour, vol. ii. p. 185 (eff.) ; Gentleman's Magazine, N.S. vol. v. pt. ii. (1858), p. 223 (eff.) ; and Audsley's Dictionary of Architecture, p. 252. Lincoln, St. Mary-le-Wigford. L Obverse. A small cross standing on two steps, the lower inscribed with word QYtiZ, and an inscription to William Horn, formerly mayor of Lincoln, 1469. The cross is y^ inches m height, and the inscription- plate measures 24^ x 4 inches. I^ic 3|acet Mlilljs l)orit quontia maior ci'tnt' Eincoln q« obiit rif tiie marcu a° tirii 9^''€€€€° Irir cut' ale ppiet' I10. The engraver seems to have miscalculated his space and hit upon the ingenious idea of placing the last word of the inscription on the lower step of the cross. Reverse. The authority for this is the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. v. p. 473, when, on March 20th, 1873, Mr. Edward Peacock, F.S.A., exhibited three rubbings of palimpsest brasses found under the floor of this church in 1871. Mr. Peacock says that on the back of the inscription to William Horn is " part of a canopy with the figures of St. Simon and St. James the Greater, as may be conjectured from the symbols of a saw and a shell, which they respectively bear." On the back of the cross, or on the steps supporting it, is "a merchant's mark," but Mr. Peacock gives no description of it, and the rubbings can- not now be found. The brass is now fastened to the North Pier of the Tower Arch, so that the palimpsest portions cannot be seen. 96 II. Obverse. Inscription to John Jobsun, fishmonger and sheriff of Lincoln, 1525. Size of plate, 13 x 3 inches. I^ic mn 3OP0 31ob!Sfu ff^djmono:er olim ticicomeiEf ciuitat' lincolnie qui obiit iiij° W gulii ^° mi W <^<^<L<L€,° %%V tni' ale ^^^iiin' W amen Following the last word is a representation of an axe and knife. Reverse. Authority as No, I. An inscription " only partially legible." Now fastened to the West wall of the South Aisle. Norton Disney. Obverse. A curious quadrangular plate, 35 x 23 inches, un- dated, but probably engraved between the years 1570 and 1580. It commemorates two members of the Disney family : William Disney, Esq., who died in 1540, and his wife Margaret Joiner, and their eldest son Richard, who died in 1578, and his two wives, Nele Hussey and Jane Ayscough. The plate is divided into five compartments, the upper containing a triangular pedi- ment enclosing a shield charged with the arms and quarterings of Disney impaling Joiner. On the dexter side of the pediment is the crest of Disney, a lion statant guardant, and on the sinister that of HussEY, a hind lodged under an oak tree, gorged and chained. The second compartment contains the half-effigies, kneeling at a desk, of William Disney, Esq., in armour with helmet, and his wife Margaret Joiner. Between them is a scroll bearing the words Sufferance tlOtlj dEagfe, and behind the father are the half-effigies of four sons in civil dress with their names, Eicljart), William, ^\ioma0, iprance^, on scrolls; behind the mother are five daughters, also half-effigies, with their names, <ann, ^ax^, S^argaret. I^ateren, Briget. on scrolls. Under the centre figures is inscribed : acllillm 2Di0nep cEgfquier, Sl^arpret gjoiner. The third compartment contains three shields of arms, the centre bearing the arms and quarterings of Disney, the dexter those of HussEY, and the sinister those of Ayscough. In the fourth compartment are the half-effigies of Richard Disney, full- 97 face, in armour with helmet, and his two wives, Nele Hussey and Jane Ayscough, slightly turned towards him. Behind the first wife, Nele Hussey, are the half-effigies of seven sons in civil dress (the portion of the plate, 5| x 2 inches, bearing their names has been cut out) and five daughters, ^CllM, (£-0ttt, JUtietlj, 31Utl^l)» anti »)USfan. The plate behind the second wife is blank. Below is the following inscription : ijjclc nauffljter of ^^ ^lillm ^usfo^ I^nj^ffljt (Eicl)arli 3Di0nfj,') Jianm tiaug:ljt of ^"^ MLilim ^p^coufflje. I^. The fifth compartment is occupied by the following inscrip- tion : "(Ilje l^'fe, conber0acion, anti <seniice. of tljc first afaoue namcti (Icllillm ^ime^ iinti of EicIjartJ 2Di0nep Ijigf Sonne tocrc comeutiablf iintouffest tbev neig:= boars trebje anti fatljcfull to tijrr prmcc aix^ clntc $ acceptable to fcirijall^ niig:l)t[' of vuljome toe trust tlje^ are recebeb to valuation accorbinffe to tlje 0tebfast fa^'tlje toljiclj tljej^' Ijab in i tljroufflje tlje merc^ anb memt' of Cljrist o"^ saiiior 'oTljes trutljes ar tljus 0ttt fortlje tijat in all aties (Bob ma^ be tijankfiillj' rjlorifieb, for tljes anb suclje l^^ke Ijis gracilis benifites, Revevse. A long Dutch or Flemish inscription in black letter recording the foundation, in 1518, of a mass at the altar of St. Cornelius, by Adrian Adrianson and the lady Paesschine van den Steyne. [In] t Jaer duizst vijfhondert eh xviij opten xxix dach [in] decembri Soe hebben adriaen adriaensz ende Joncvrauwe paesschine van den steijne ghefond [eert binnen] desz ke [rcke o] p sincte Cornells ouctaer Eene ee [uwige mi] sse dae [chs] de welcke de kercklTTrs anghenomen [hebbe] n te doen doene en tonderhoudene. Te beghinnene de voersz misse altijt nader clock sclach van thien wren daer den priester vooren hebben zal vij poont gz vlaems tsiaers jn vier termine den coster die ter voersz misse luden sal de groote scelle v sz gz tsiaers op sincte aechte dach alsmen huer beijder jaergetijde doet oft des ander 98 daechs daer na jndien zij op eenen sondach comt ende op ghennen dach anders. Soe zullen de voorn kerckmrs of de be [sitters] [t] sauens ter vigelie en tsmerghens ter misse do [en bringhen op] t gracht pelle en saerge ende daer op doen stellen viij bernende stallichten van wasse Ende de vier kerckmrs de iij heleghegheestmrs en deke en beleeders huijsvrz van sinte Cornelis ouctaer zullen come zitten ten graue ter vijgelie va ix lessen en ter misse van requiem die der voorn bezitters doen singhen zuUe mette voile chore met andoenders eh prouider leuereh daer toe dat oflferliecht daer de voile choer de kerckms helegegheestmrs deken eh baleeders vande lakensniders huere huijsvrauwe de prister bezitter van deser misse coster costrissen ende de bodel mede zullen gae offeren singhende onder de offererande de Sequentie dies ire dies ilia &c daer vooren de voorn bezitters tgoets ghehouden zuUe zijn te betalen jnde vigelie den deke iiij gz elck canonick vicepastoer coraelmeester ij gz elcken capelaen ende mercenarius j gz ende elck chorael xij 1' Ende des anderdaechs jnde misse diesgelijke wel verstaende zoe enzal niement van hem luden hierafgaud' dan die pht zijn va beghinsel vaden dienst tottem eijnde. Noch [z] ullen zij betalen den prister die de misse voersz singhen zal vj gj [die a] ndoenders elc xij gz die prouidierder ij gz de coster ij gz di [e] [costri] ssen tsamen vj gz voor tdecken en de kaersen tontstek [en] The letters and words in brackets are conjectural, as the brass is damaged in places. The following translation is based upon various versions printed in R. Gough's Sepulchral Monmnents, vol. i. pt. i., Appendix, p. cxcvii. ; the Rev. G. E, Jean's List of Sepulchral Brasses in Lincolnshire, p. 48; the Rev. G. Roberts' Parish Memorials relating to Norton Disney ; and the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. pp. 222, 301 : " In the year 1518, on the 29th day of December, thus have Adrian Adrianson and Lady Paesschine van den Steyne founded within this church upon the altar of St. Cornelius one daily perpetual mass, which the churchwardens have undertaken to have celebrated and continued. The said mass to begin always after the stroke of ten, the priest to have seven pounds grooten Flemish yearly in four terms. The sexton, who for the said mass shall ring the great bell, five shillings grooten yearly on St. Agatha's day when the anniversary of the two is celebrated, 99 or on the day thereafter if it fall on a Sunday and on no other day. So shall the aforesaid churchwardens or the trustees. . . . in the evening at the vigil and in the morning at the mass cause to be placed on the grave the pall and serge and eight burning candles of wax, and the four churchwardens, the three Holy Ghost masters, and the dean, and the wife of the director of St. Cornelius' altar shall come and sit at the grave at the vigil of the nine lessons and at the mass of requiem which the before-named trustees shall cause to be sung with full choir, with shrouders and providers supplying the oblation light, where the full choir, the churchwardens. Holy Ghost masters, dean, and directors of the clothcutters, their wives, the priest trustee of this mass, sexton, sextonesses, and the beadle shall offer singing during the offering of the sequence Dies irae, Dies ilia, &c. For which the aforesaid trustees shall pay, in the vigil, to the dean four groats, to each canon, vice pastor, and choirmaster two groats, to each chaplain and mercenary one groat, and to each chorister twelve (?) and on the next day in the mass the like, it being well understood that none of these people shall profit hereof except those present from the begin- ning to the end of the service. Moreover they shall pay the priest singing the aforesaid mass six groats, the shrouders each twelve groats, the providers two groats, the sexton two groats, the sextonesses together six groats for the covering and lighting the candles." Another nine lines of this, or of a similar inscription, forms the reverse of the inscription to John Dauntesay, 1559 (but query engraved later), at West Lavington, Wiltshire.^ From this it appears that the name of the church was " Westmonstre," which has been identified- as that of St. Martin, or Westmonster, formerly existing in the city of Middleburgh, in Walcheren, in the province of Zeeland. This church seems to have been completely destroyed in 1575."^ The West Lavington fragment also records the penalty for any breach of the agreement, the property in such case to lapse to the guild of the altar of St. Cornelius with the same charge as set out in the foundation, one light to go to the churchwardens, &c., and one amongst the friends of Adrian Adrianson, and one amongst the friends of the lady Paesschine. ' See Archceological Jountal, vol. iv. p. 362, and E. Kite's Monumental Brasses of Wiltshire, p. 56. ^ ArchiEological Joitrual, vol. v. p. i6o. ' Ibid. lOO The Norton Disney plate is now in a hinged frame on the north wall of the Chancel. The obverse side is engraved in R. Gough's Sepulchral Monuments of Great Britain, vol. i. Introd., pi. cxxii, p, cxxii,, and both sides in the Oxford Portfolio of Monumental Brasses, pt. v. pi. iv. MIDDLESEX. Cranford. Obverse. Inscription to Nicholas, son of Thomas, and brother to Mardocheus Bownell, parson of this church, 1581. Size of plate, 165 X 3I inches. ^ett untiec l^etlj tljc boti^c of i^icolag Botunell late tlje jsonne of ^ljomne> Botoncll an\i farotljcr to ^actios clim0 Botunell pardon of tl)i0 rljiirclj toljo ticce00eri tt)e rbitfj M^t of »>eptcmber I58l Reverse. Four lines of a fifteenth century inscription, the top and bottom lines bisected. Cortiigf (?) atroi* (?) Bellua pa00oru non imtt tiolor obitn \)uim ^ic constant qui parte 0rneu tiampnief laceratuef ab grauiorib? quieuit (?) plciussimuo eiio (?) Now fastened on a hinge. *o^ Harlington. Obverse. Effigies of Gregory Lovell, Esq., lord of the manor and patron of the church, 1545, aged 56, in armour, and wife Anne, daughter of David Bellingham, Esq., inscription (now lost), and four shields of arms. A small figure of a daughter is also lost. The male effigy measures i8j inches in height, the female 17^ inches, the inscription-plate 24I x 5^ inches, and the shields 6| x 5J inches. The upper part of the lady's figure is engraved in the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. ccxlv. The inscription, which has disappeared within recent years, read thus : i^ere Ipet^ d^uegor? Houell C0qu^er late lortie of tfjigf 'ciLotoixe of i^acl??itffto anti patotii of tlji0 Cljutclje anb ^mte lji0 to^ffe 2DotDffI)ter to iabj^tlj 15tU lOI I|nio:{)m (t^qn^n toljo bcttornc tljcm Ijati 31^^"^^ "^^^ Dotoffljtcr before tije etU'l> (Bregor^' Deee00|^ti f toljielje d^repn' Deutpti tljio tooi'ltie to^oiit Ijeire of Ijis lioti^' tl)e rrijti) nap of €)etolier in tlje Ibi pere of Ijio ^gf in^ti in tlje j^ere of our lortie tieoti a^"CCCCC°iH3 idiJl^CiR In the last line the clause containing the prayers for tlie soul of the deceased has been erased. The shields, now inaccurately arranged, bear the following arms : A. Upper Dexter. (Arg.) a bugle horn (sa.), styinged (or) Bellingham, quartering (Arg.), three bendlets (gu.), on a canton (of the second) a lion passant [as the first). Burneshead, with a crescent in fess point for difference. This shield should be on the lower dexter, i.e., under the man's feet. An old rubbing shows the original shield to have been lost. It no doubt bore Lovell quartering Cornwall. B. Upper Sinister. Quarterly I. and IV. {gti-), three bars nebnly {or) a canton ermine. Lovell II. and III. {Arg.), a lion ram- pant {gn.), crowned {or) debrnised by a bend {sa.) charged with six bezants. Cornwall (?) impaling Bellingham quartering Burneshead as above. This shield is in its original position. C. Lower Dexter. Similar to B. This shield was origin- ally the sinister shield on the back of the tomb. Shield A should be here. D. Lower Sinister. Lovell quartering Cornwall. This shield is in its original position. Traces of colour still remain in some of the shields. So far as at present known three of the shields are palimpsest, as was also the inscription. The effigies and shield B have never been loose, but are probably also palimpsest. Reverse. The inscription was made up of two pieces, the smaller, about 3 inches in width, apparently a portion of a hgure of a civilian, c. 1500-20, but the rubbing in the possession of the writer is very indistinct. The larger piece is a nearly perfect inscription, about 21 inches in length, to George Barlee, son of William Barlee, Esq., " which'e George whyle he lyved vowed hymself to John Jer(usa)l(e)m in Ingland," and died in 1513. 102 H^Btt Ipetl) (BtovQt Baiiee tl)e 0ont cf ^lillm BarUe of t{) jEfquper tol)icljc ffeorge tol)^Ie lie Ipbeti tjotoeti !jpm0elf to fi^^[?nt] 3Iol)n 3|erlm in 3Ii^ffiiii'i^ ^i^^ f)^ Decegfsfeti tljc xiiii ti t[)e pere of our lorn plj 9^^F'^riij on tol)O0e jsoules lliu Shield A is made up of two pieces ; the smaller, forming the base of the shield, is a fragment of the lower portion of a small figure in civil dress, probably a boy from a group of sons, c. 1500-20. The larger piece is the end of an inscription, of about the same date ; the top line is illegible, then there is a wide space followed by two more lines. Ijaue m'c^ .... 0t' $ a ate the last few words being no doubt " paternoster and an ave." Shield C is known to be palimpsest, but cannot now be examined, as the new serpentine altar-rails have been built against it, so that despite its hinges it is now a permanent fixture. The writer has been unable to see any rubbing of the reverse, and would be grateful for any information. Shield D is also made up of two fragments : the smaller piece, forming the base of the shield, is a portion of a figure, and looks very much like the collar and partlet of a lady, or possibly the girdle surrounding her waist. It appears to be little earlier than the obverse side, and is much obscured by solder. The larger piece shows a few words of an English inscription, c. 1500-20, thus: .... to t\)c mo0t .... .... molicr of tlje .... .... 00eti tljc ln0t .... The brass in its original slab is now let into the South wall of the Chancel, the shields on hinges. It was formerly on a high tomb on the North side of the Chancel, " under an obtuse arch ornamented with quatrefoils and foliage."^ An old rubbing ' D. Lysons' Middlesex Parishes^ p. 129. I03 in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries shows not only a portion of the figure of the daughter, but also two shields and another mutilated inscription from the back of the tomb. Harrow. Obverse. Two plates, slightly mutilated, one containing the commemorative inscription and the other ten English verses, to Dorothy, daughter of William Bellamy, Esq., of Uxenden, in the parish of Harrow-on-the-Hill, and wife of Anthony Frankishe, Gent., of Water Stratford, Bucks, 1574. Size of inscription-plate, 18^ X 8i inches, of verse plate, 19I x 9 inches. ^nt l^n\i burden p faoti?' of [2Dorotlj]^e late to^fc of ianton^ ffi-aiikj^0lje of (L(llatei:0trotforU in tlje Coimt^e of Buck* d^cnt' ann tiotocyljter of (LcLUUinni 3e\lam^ of cLUentitn in tl)c pniT^'0lje of l^arroto bpou tlje IjjjU in tlje Countj^f of ^pD' (Efifquper anti I^atljcrpit l)i0 to^^fc toljiclj ^iiton^' anti 2Dorotl)pe IjaU imc brttoenc tljem one 0onne anti fotore tiotoffiJtft*0 bij. (15erratt ffrnnkp^Ije. 3Ione. 9^arp. ffCQunces anti 31one. an'n tlje 0aj'ti 2Dorotl)[^e tiin nepart out of tlji0 toorlti tlje uutt; tiaj^ of auo:u0t Si^ 1574 l^ere 2Dorot^^e ffrank^0l)e l^^etl), toljo0 mortall l^mta av lieati. But to enioj^'e imortal re0t, Ijee 0oule to Ijetjen ^0 fleaUti. (Icai)ple0 l^tt ti^ti la0t. 0l)e b3a0 a pateene of gooti l^>fe SDeboute to pn, gootJ to tlje poore, a clja0t anti peefet topfe ffor cbri0t lji0 cro00e 0lje calti, ao:apn0t tlje pang' of lieat^ ioljiclj 0lje toitlj mj^niD * ^ic beljelD, untj^ll Ijee later breatlj idnti 00 QdXit up Ijec p0t, to pti toljiclj l^'fe liiti lenti l^ljo for Ijer poti anD toortlj^ l^^fe, pbe Ijer a Ijapppe enti [aijtljobjfflj ^^ tieatl) totij tj;7nt of Dart Ijatlj brotogljt Ijer corp' a0leape ['(ITlje] eternall pt>, Ijer eternall 0oule. eternall^'e tiotlj kepe. ^ 104 Reverse. The inscri Harrow, Middlesex. About one-quarter full size. ption-plate is cut out of a Flemish brass, c. 1370, showing a por- tion of canopy work with the small figure of a man in tunic, hood and mantle, holding a book in his right hand, possibly in- tended to represent one of the prophets. Below is a smaller seated figure of a weeper with a long liripipe attached to his hood. Along the edge are the following words of a marginal inscrip- tion : 31nt + 31iin- + 0110 + Ijeren enclosed by a narrow border ornamented with dots, roses, and quatre- foils. A small strip of plain brass has been soldered on to the right- hand corner, as the plate proved too small for the later inscription. The plate bearing the verses is also cut out of another very fine Flemish brass, c. 1360. It bears a portion of the head, neck, shoulders, and hands of a lady, her head reposing on a cushion supported by angels and richly diapered with birds and foliage. Her wimple and mantle are plain, but her robe is ornamented with a rich diaper of foliage enclosing lions' heads and winged monsters. A narrow fillet enriched with roses and quatrefoils runs between the figure and the side shaft of the canopy. In a niche in the side shaft is the greater portion of a small figure of St. Paul, with sword and book, and beyond this is the marginal inscription, of which only the numeral X'Q appears. A small quatrefoil encloses a shield charged with three stags at speed. I05 Harrow, Middlksex. About one-quarter full size. The two plates are now framed and hang on the wall of the South Aisle. The palimpsest portions are engraved in J. G. and L. A. B. Waller's Series of Monumental Brasses, Introd. p. x. ; Transactions of the London and Middlesex Archaeological Society, vol. i. pp. 272, 273 ; ^ Transactions St. Paul's Ecclesiological Society, vol. iv. p. 232 (canopy piece only) ; and both sides of the plates in S. Gardiner's Architectural History of Harrow Church, pis. xxxvii., xxxviii. ISLEWORTH. • I. Obverse. Inscription to William Chase, Esq., serjeant to King Henry VIII., and of his most honourable household of his hall and woodyard, 1544. Size of plate, ig| x S\ inches. ^i ^r cljai^te pca^ for tlje »)OUle of Mlillm Cljnefr suqnnc efcrffcaunt to kj^no: \)t\\x^ tlje \iin $ of Ij^'cf mo0t Ijonorable l)oto0eljolt) of \)^^ Ijnll $ toooti['crt) toljidj tiece00etJ tljr tiiii Dap of 9^a['c vw tlje per of ourc lortic floti Sl^iCCCCC aixti rliii) of tDl)O0 0oule $ all txiQi)>\\ ^oule^ ilju Ijaite xmu^ amen. ' From which the accompanying illustralions are, \y permission of the Society, reproduced on a reduced scale. io6 tfsM^lrtrj?m#tte«iraWiepM«|fl)r^^^ IsLEWORTH, Middlesex. About one-fifth full size Reverse. A portion of the side shaft of the canopy of a fine Flemish brass c. 1350-60, with the figure of an apostle under rich canopy work. The name of the apostle is unfortunately wanting, and there is some doubt as to his identity, for in his left hand he holds a club, the emblem usually assigned to either St. James the Less or St. Jude, whilst with his right hand he supports a large open book or tablet inscribed with the words remijar0ionem peCCatOrum, the clause from the Apostles' Creed usually given to St. Simon, whose emblem is most frequently a saw or one or two fishes. At the top of the plate is the name ^^^^Bi^^^^^if)* XaElJS."!E"j©-, in late Lombardic characters, but this refers to the apostle whose figure was in the corresponding niche above. When the brasses were relaid some years ago the Chase inscription was placed under the figure of a man in armour, c. 1450. It is at the East end of the Nave, but was loose in its casement in 1902. II. Obverse. Inscription to Fraunces, daughter of Edward Holland, Esq., of Denton in the county of Lancaster, and servant to the 107 Lady Margaret, Countess of Derby, 1575. The last two figures of the date are broken away, but the register records her burial on March 29th, 1575, as " Frances Holland, gentlewoman to the Countess Darby." Size of plate, 16x6 inches. Relaid under the figure of a civilian, c. 1590, at the East end of the Nave. Ijcrc lietlj burieti unticu tljie ap^niion of anms yi^i0tris ffraunc' ll^ollanti one of tljc tjnuffijtcre of Ctitoartic il^ollanti of 2Dcnton in tljr Countic of XmW' ka0trr (£0quier: m"^ ecrbant unto t^^t rijljt l)ono= table tlje \Mz ^^arpret Coiintesse of 3Derbie toljo tii00ea0eti tlje rrbiitb liiu?e of ^arelje ^^ tini 15175 1. luirr ^lipfe-fttiir ftfTiiant&tto K)rr|^|oiuJ'^ '^^It^M^^I^D^X^X^il^^Mi^^Yi^^SMi^ W/tiiiniiniini/iiiiiininiiiininmiiiiiiiniiiiiiuiiiiiiniiniinminiiiiuniiiiinnimi ISLEWORTH, MlDDLESKX. About one-quarter full size. Reverse. A fragment of the upper left-hand corner of a large Flemish brass, of late fifteenth or early sixteenth century work, showing a portion of a shield with a field fretty charged with eagles displayed, and a small portion of the mantling above, io8 also a large pomegranate in the corner and pieces of the ornamental border surrounding the whole. At Erith, Kent, forming the reverse of the inscription to Anne Harman, 1574/ is another fragment of this Flemish brass, also showing part of a shield with eagles displayed on a fretty ground with mantling, &c., but cut from the right-hand side of the plate, as is proved by the position of the eagles in the shield and the shading in the broadest line of the ornamental border, which in the Erith example runs in from the inner and in the Isleworth from the outer side of the plate. The Isleworth palimpsest is now fastened down. It is here reproduced from a rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. Littleton. Inscription to the Lady Blanche Vaughan, sometime wife of Sir Hugh Vaughan, " who lyeth buryed at Westmynster," 1553, and shield of arms. The shield only is palimpsest; it bears on the obverse the arms of the family of Castell three castles triple-towered ji'ith a flenr-de-lys in fess point for difference, and on the reverse the greater portion of a group of five daughters, c. 1520, wearing kennel-shaped head-dresses and close-fitting gowns with tight sleeves and turned-back cuffs. The shield measures 5I x 4f inches, and in 1899 was loose in its casement on the Chancel floor. London, All Hallows Barking. The mutilated brass to William Thynne, Esq., a master of the household to Henry VIII., 1546, in armour, with head resting on helmet, his second wife Anne, a daughter of William Bonde, a foot-inscription with text, and a commemorative marginal inscription with the symbols of the Evangelists at the corners, was completely restored and relaid in a new slab by Messrs. Waller in 1861, at the expense of the late Marquis of Bath, and was then found to be palimpsest. Obverse. The original and palimpsest portions consist of (A) the figure of William Thynne, 29J inches in height, a small portion between the feet lost ; (B) three-quarters of the figure of his wife, 24 inches in height, the lower portion with the feet ' Engraved in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. iii. p. 203, and see also vol. iv. p. 145. leg I I g ^1 London, All Hallows Barkino. Palimpsest Reverses of Thynne Brass. About one-seventh full size. no and a piece of the right elbow lost ; (C) a strip of the marginal inscription, 37 X i| inches, bearing the words . . . ^ Of t|)0, lorti' '(Irumpet in bjljosc Compng: tljat tor map all 31"?' fullj^ ntete l^^m ; and (D) another strip of the marginal inscription, 41 1 x I5 inches, bearing the words 2DCpflrtptl fCOlTl tl)i0 prison of lji0 fraple botij? ^^ x^^ tinp of ^UQU^tt ^nno tiui. 1546 $ in tje x:iTbiiit&. Reverse. (A) This is cut out of the centre portion of a much larger figure of a lady, c. 1530, and shows a portion of the hands with lace cuffs at the wrists, a rich girdle encircling the waist, and a long cord with tassels, which no doubt fastened the mantle, but of this there is no trace. (B) This is cut out of the centre portion of an ecclesiastic, c. 1 5 10, in mass vestments and holding a chalice. Only a portion of the body, the right shoulder, arm and hand, together with the foot and a part of the bowl of the chalice, appear. (C) Is a portion of an ornamental border from the top of an inscription-plate, c. 1520 (?). The upper portion of the first line of the inscription also shows, but is illegible, as only the tops of the letters remain. This piece gives the width of the inscription as 38 inches. (D) Three fragments from the same inscription as (C), bearing the words gju %l)t ^tVt Of OUt lorH (150tl.— tl)t bti) tiap of ^UQU^t— ^Ije to^??cl) ef^ go^n tieceaspti, and a small fragment on the reverse of XXhUf bearing two lines from obttt rrhii° hit an earher mscription ,,,/, In the first three pieces Dpiciet tie am . . ^ the tops and bottoms of other letters are visible, but too frag- mentary to be legible. The brass is now at the East end of the South Aisle. William Thynne edited, in 1532, the first complete edition of Chaucer's works, with the exception of the " Ploughman's Tale." His will is printed in Notes and Queries, 3 S., vol. iv. pp. 365, By his second wife, Anne Bond, he had three daughters and one son, Francis, afterwards Lancaster Herald, and one of the original members of the Society of Antiquaries. Ill London, British Museum. I. Obverse. A circular plate much worn and indented, 5|- inches in diameter, bearing the bust of a priest, c. 1400-20, in amice, surrounded by the smaller busts of four boys, and enclosed by the following inscription: + IjIC UUtt 3l0ljC!3 mctl^nt (?) CIjOlGi JtiiMto (?) Cffllnlteru' manuir (?) qc' alab} upicict' tic\ This inscription is exceedingly difficult to read owing to its worn condition and from its having been slightly cut down when re-used. The writer is indebted to Mr. C. H. Read, Keeper of the Mediaeval Antiquities, and to Mr. O. M. Dalton, of the same Department, for much kind assistance in the attempt made to decipher it. British Museum. About one-third full size. Reverse. On this is engraved a wedge-shaped instrument with loops on the left-hand side, and graduated at the bottom from I to 8. An early form of quadrant (?). The instrument is enclosed with a circle, and probably formed a portion of the same brass as the reverse of No. II. II. Obvevse. A circular plate, 5^ inches in diameter, bearing the small half-effigy of Thomas Quythed, " tercius magister istius collegii," c. 1460 (?), in mass vestments and surrounded by the following inscription; ^\Z XHZtt '(IljOmCf qU[>tIjCtJ nuiffcot' llcrcr iQti' collrcyii riu' aic upicict' tic'. I 12 Reverse. On this is engraved a pair of open compasses within a circle. The style of ornamentation on the upper part of this instrument points to a late sixteenth century date. British Museum. About one-third full size. Possibly the reverse of No. I. and of this formed parts of a brass to a mathematical instrument maker. III. Obverse. A group of seven daughters, c. 1470-80, all with butterfly head-dresses, and close-fitting gowns open at the neck and trimmed with fur. Size of plate, 6 x 4I inches. Reverse. The hands, wrists, and a portion of the body of a large figure, apparently of the fifteenth century. IV. Obverse. A group of three sons, c. 1530-40, in civil dress; feet lost. Size of plate, 4^ x 3^ inches. Reverse. Portions of six figures from a group of sons, c. 1500-20, in civil dress. Obverse. A quatrefoil bearing the symbol of St. Mark within a border ornamented with small roundels. Size of plate, 5x4! inches. 113 Reverse. A portion of a shield, apparently foreign, bearing . . . a chevron . . . charged with six barvulets . . . impaling . . . a chevron between three crescents . . . British Museum. About one-third full size. The obverse and reverse are reproduced in the Rev. H. W. Macklin's Monumental Brasses, p. iii. See also Wimbish, Essex, and Betchworth, Surrey. London, Guildhall Museum. Obverse. The upper half of a shield, late sixteenth century, 3j X 5^ inches in width, bearing a chevron engrailed ivith two leopards' faces in chief and a label of three points, impaling a quartered coat, the first quarter bearing per pah seven barrulets counterchanged, and the second three lions rampant. Reverse. A portion of a late fifteenth or early sixteenth century inscription : Cibi0 n ... or ti' qui qiiitim liica .... ... is ^cptcmbris ^itito . . . uorum aiiilij pkitt' ti . . . . Said to have been found in the City. NORTHOLT. Obverse. Effigies of John Gyfforde, in armour, his wife Susan, who died in childbed in 1560, a group of nine sons, a group of three daughters, and a foot-inscription in six Enghsh verses. Four shields lost. All in 1902 loose in the slab on the 114 Chancel floor, and, with the exception of the inscription, all palimpsest. The male effigy is 15 inches and the female 14I inches in height, the inscription-plate measures 16^ x 6|- inches, the sons 6x6 inches, the daughters 6 X 4|- inches, the shields were 7x6 inches, and the whole slab, which was once the cover of an altar, one incised cross remaining, is 66 x 32 inches. This side of the brass is reproduced in the Girl's Own Paper for December 3, 1892. Reverse. The male effigy is composed of two plates, respec- tively measuring lof and 4^ inches. The larger piece, which forms the lower part of the effigy, shows portions of the legs and feet of an armed figure, c. 1480, the feet resting on a hound. The smaller or upper portion belongs to the same figure, and shows the cuisses on the thighs, the tonlettes with a baguette of mail between the plates, and a portion of the sword crossing the body diagonally. The female effigy is composed of three plates, respectively measuring 4^ , 7, and 3^ inches. The first, forming the head of the figure, is another portion of the armed figure previously described, and shows the lower portion of the breastplate, part of the faces, the pommel of the sword and a portion of the sword-belt. The larger piece in the centre shows lines of drapery only, and the lower piece consists of the base of a lady's figure showing the folds of drapery at the feet and the ground on which the figure stands. The centre fragment may possibly have belonged to this figure, but all the joints are much obscured by the solder used to fasten the pieces together. The group of sons is composed of two plates, the upper being cut out of the centre of an inscription and reversed, the first line being illegible owing to the solder : ... obiit xiiii tiie nee . . . . . . anno Dili milllo €€€,.. The lower is cut from the left-hand corner of a three-line inscription, the first line obscured by the solder : ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ eiujEf qui quitirm MliU .... obiit xW tiie Sl^aii . . . The group of daughters is cut out of a worn group of about eight kneeling sons, in civil dress, c. 1500. 1 1 5 PiNNhK, Obverse. Small figure, g^ inches in height, of Anne, daughter of Eustace Bedingheld, Gent., 1580, in swaddling clothes. She was buried at the charges of her grandmother, Margery, widow of John Draper, citizen and " bere " brewer of London. The inscription, now imperfect, originally measured i7|- x ^^ inches, a small piece, i| inches in width, being lost : }^ttt untier Iml) tljc bo^vt of ^iiite Beriitig:tclti t[lje] 2Dtiug:|)tec of Cucftace BeDiiifffcltJ ^mt' toljo tirpteti \)[n\ l^tt 5c iTiijtf) ct tabvnav}^ \5S0, $ luirj^cu at tljc cl)a[i:n0:'?] of Sl^argni' 2Drapcr tuiDoto late to^'fc of Jjolja 2Dra[per] Citijcii auti bcre bretorr of lloutioit Ijcc (Brauutimotfljerj This obverse side is engraved in the Transactions of the London and Middlesex Archceologicat Society, vol. iii. p. 178, and in the Girls Own Paper, October 8, 1892. Reverse. The figure is cut out of the marginal inscription of a large Flemish brass of late date, and bears the words HiER + LIGHT, with an ornamental stop between them. The reverse of the inscription-plate may have formed a portion of a canopy, or possibly of a figure, but as there are only two broad lines and three smaller ones it is impossible to give any exact definition. The brass was formerly on the floor of the North Aisle, and narrowly escaped complete destruction at the time of the restoration, when the end of the inscription was lost. It is now mounted in a wooden frame and kept in the vestry. MONMOUTHSHIRE. No palimpsest noted in this county. ii6 NORFOLK. Cley. Obverse. Inscription to Robert Tayllar, 1578. Size of plate, 10 X 3J inches. ^tvc l^nl) tlje boti^ of lioliart Cnpllar bjlja tipeti gf 14tfj of 3!anuarp a° 1578. Reverse. Two pieces of canopy work of late design, probably Flemish. One piece bears the base of a shaft with the feet and legs of a small figure in a niche. The other, which is obscure, appears to belong to a part of the same composition. Loose in the vestry in 1890. Clippesby. Obverse. A small fragment of an inscription, 3 X 2| inches. . . tini aia 3Ioljief Ij . . . . qui obiit xxii . . . . . a° nni 9^° C . . , . Reverse. A portion of another inscription, possibly a " waster," as it is of much the same date. .... qui rop .. . .... fit Ijistori . . . . . . piciftur ti . . . This fragment, dug up in the garden of the old rectory, is now kept in the church chest. Blomefield, in his History of Norfolk, vol. xi. p. 164, notes an inscription " on an old brass," to John Heron, rector, 1472, of which this may possibly be a portion. 1 1 Felmingha.ni. I. Obverse. Inscription to Ursula Wychehynggam, c. 1530. Size of plate, 10^ x 2| inches. The work of a local engraver. €)ratc pro ala 2lU*c?iile (liillpdjcljpng: pm cut' ale propicictur Do amcii Reverse. The Rev. H. Haines, in his Manual of Monumental Brasses, part ii. p. 151, says, " on reverse an inscription to William Elyes, chaplain, 1500." The plate is now fixed to the wall and the writer has been unable to obtain any further information. II. Obverse. Inscription in large coarse Roman capitals to Robert Moone, 1591. Size of plate, io|- x 5^ inches. The work of a local engraver. HEARE LYETH THE BODYE OF ROBERT MOONE WHO DISSE ASED THE 24 DAYK OF MAY ANNO DONI I 59 i . HEARELYETHThE BODYE OFROBERT A^AfA^NODONl■I59I Palimpsest Insckii'tion, Felmingham, Norkoi.k. About OTie-fiftli full size. Reverse. This inscription is cut out of the centre portion a priest in mass vestments, c. 1450-60. The fragment shows the hands, the sleeves of the amice, the maniple and portions of the chasuble. The plate is now fastened to the wall. Frenze. A. shield, 51 x 4^ inches, with the arms of Lowdham, Arg., three escutcheons sa., on the obverse, and on the reverse another shield iiS bearing Quarterly I. and IV., a chevvon. II. and III., a lion ram- pant, crozaned or. From the brass to Ralph Blenerhaysett, Esq., 1475. The reverse appears to be an unfinished shield with the arms of Blenerhaysett quartering Orton, which, for some error, was cancelled and the arms of Lowdham substituted on the other side of the plate. Loose at Frenze Hall in 1891. See Norfolk Archeology , vol. xiii. p. 194. Halvergate. I. Obverse. Small half-efifigy of a lady in turban head-dress, with a mutilated inscription to Robert Swane and Alice (?) his wife, 1540. The figure measures 8 inches in height and the inscription- plate, in its present mutilated condition, is I2| x 2 inches. The whole is the work of a local engraver. Inscription : .... lr['tl)e Eobarti »)\Dnnr anti ... izk \)v^ toj^fc a° tiiv ^° V^ rl. lep^ti;61j^\ci .feiBKur alio Jraml^ilisr^niniiH Palimpsest Figure, Halvergate, Norfolk. About one-sixth full size. Reverse. The almost complete memorial of Brother William Yarmouth, consisting of his bust in monastic habit, with the following short inscription, the last letter of the surname wanting : ffratcr ^iUmgf JI^'^'i^^i^^" • Date c. 1440. Now hung in a frame on the wall of the church. Both sides of the plate are engraved in Norfolk Archaology, vol. X. p. 218. • 119 II. Obverse. Inscription to Robert Golword and wife Katharine, 1543. Size of plate, 20 x 3| inches. The work of a local engraver. ^t(x}! for tl)C cfoulc of Eobati (Boltnorti i liatc'ine 1)10 to^'fe on b3l)oi0 efoulc 3Ic0u Ijauc m'c^' a°tini 9t^° CCCCC vliit (Kt p quib? tcncnttir Icttt^ftpbDlip flf difalirtlj J ll])}f of to p: tab fcilp»,| ll'orthp, aalhphipDofctof i^ uplipl ifliD IiarDoifxftpslJaprsmliiJollrtlitu ^fiYii lit I 5)02'aftM)fe oMaWn^ Hje dliJDc#tbB'|Dl|!|yjpMl2lo!| Palimpsest Inscription, Hai.verga'ie, Norfolk. One-fifth full size. Reverse. Another inscription, also the work of a local engraver, to Elizabeth, daughter of Lord Bardolf and wife of Thomas, Lord Scales. Undated, but probably engraved c. 1460. \}txt iTSt^'tl) f boti)' of cli0abrtl) f toj'f of tljos f lord ;©lD)'lu f tiotot' of f nofa^'l lorD Imrtjolf i Ijrs tia^'cs 17'tlj llOtBtljt)' '^o qbjooc 0otDlc ilju 0rnlic ['^ liropps of pi plcntcuoto0 mrrcp ^0 pt aft)'r ri0 objtla^q' ecljc abntic \DPtI) ['^ l)ol[' i }n ppcturl fflorj* Probably spoil from Blackburgh Priory, the burial place of the Scales family. There is considerable doubt as to the identity of the lady to whom this inscription was cut. Thomas de Scales, seventh Lord Scales, who died in 1460, is said to have married, about the year 1433, Emme, a daughter of John Walesborough, of Devon. The Complete Peerage by " G. E. C." adopts a sugges- tion originally made in Notes and Queries (6 S., vol. xii. p. 426) that " Thomas " is a mistake for " Robert " and assigns the lady to Robert, Lord Scales, who died in 1419. It also, on the evidence of this inscription, states that the lady was buried at Halvergate, quite overlooking the fact of the inscription being a palimpsest and, therefore, no evidence. 'Blomeheld, in his History of Noyfolk, vol. X. p. 23, makes this Elizabeth to be a first wife of Robert, fifth Lord Scales, who died in 1402; whilst Burke [Extinct Peerage) makes her the only wife of the said Robert and the lady who had for her second husband Sir Henry Percy. A possible solution of the difficulty may be found in considering the lady as a second and unrecorded wife of Thomas, seventh Lord Scales. The theory of an engraver's error is ingenious but hardly probable, for, in the first place, an engraver was not likely to com- mit such an error as the substitution of the name " Thomas " for " Robert," nor, on the other hand, would the family overlook such a blunder. Merton. Obverse. Thomas de Grey, Esq., in armour (legs lost), 1562, inscription (mutilated), and three shields (two lost). The figure, when perfect, measured 20 inches in height, in its present con- dition only 14 inches; the inscription-plate 26 x 4 inches, and the shields 6x5 inches. Inscription : i^ere lictlj li^toi^^i^^^'^^ tiljc botiie [of ^Ijomao] tiegre^e (Esquior ^onnc nnti Ijcprir ot Ctiuuti tiegr^^'c Csquior toljo tirccascti tlj[c 12 of Sl^a^J 1562. anti Ijati to Ijis first ^ife ^nnc cEucuotie 2Daiio:ljtcr ot ljcnr?'c Cucrotie of [Hinstcti in] »)Uffol\e cEoquior ^nti to lji0 0cconti Cfuipancc tljc 3Dauo:!)tcr of [»>ir (laij^monlic Carnrluc of antljon^T in Cornrtorll I^niffljtc toljo0c 0oulc pn p[artion]. The words in brackets, now lost, are supplied from Cotman's engraving. The brass, which is the work of a local engraver, is on the floor of the South Aisle beneath a pew, but the boards above it are movable. It is engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. pi. Ixxv. p. 40, where the inscription and shields are shown perfect. Reverse. The first portion of the inscription, measuring 121 9| inches, became detached from the stone some years ago and was found to bear on the reverse the feet of a man in armour resting on a Hon, c. 1390. It is now fastened down, but there is a Rkvkkse of Pori'ion of iNscRirrioN. Merton, Norfolk. About one-half full size. rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries from which the accompanying illustration has been made. The joint on the right hand side is much disfigured by solder. The whole brass appears to be made up of fragments, and is probably all palimpsest. Narburgh. Obverse. Inscription to Elizabeth, wife of John Goldyngham, Esq., 1556. Size of plate, 14I X 5^ inches. The work of a local engraver. ^;»fiT itnticr U'Ctlj luuTCti (£l^0abctlj cBoltii'mjljin outvmr tljc topff of J^^^W (J5olt))'noi)ni r^qiD'cr toljo ticpartcti tljijs piToriu loorltic tljc liii tiap of ffcbriiarp a'' 155(3 toljooc 0olxilc pi3 partion Reverse. This inscription is cut out of the lower portion of a priest in mass vestments, c. 1470-80. The fragment shows part of the chasuble, the maniple, the stole, the bottom of the alb, and the feet of the figure. Now fastened to the Tower wall. There is a rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. I 2 2 Norwich, St. John Maddermarket. I. According to the Rev. F. Blomefield's History of Norfolk (1806), vol. iv. p. 290, also quoted in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. p. 33, and in the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. ccxxvi., the lost in- scription from the brass to John Marsham, mayor of Norwich, who died in 1525, and wife Elizabeth, was a palimpsest. On the obverse it bore the following : " €)f ]?our cljnr^tc prap for t^t 0ouUe0 of 91oIjn Sl^nrdjam gfometpmc mairc of t\ii^ tittiz of j^or^Diclje i (ili^abetlj Ijief tojjffe toljidj ^lolju ucceajjefcti tlje rtii nap of Slpap in tljc ['frc of our Eorti (Boti 9^' >tc rrb oit tol)O0r jsfoullest anil all €xmn\ 0oullcef ^l*^^" 1)'^^^ mercj' amen." " Sl^cmcnto Ijomo quia moricri0." and on the reverse, or as Blomefield says, " on the same plate, on the side next the stone, is this, as appeared when it was pulled off, it being now loose in the vestry " : " Charitable peppl tljat 0ljall loke upon tljis 0ton l^ate 31cbn i^ar0l)am h\ remembrance of pour eljarite S^aper of tl)i0 Cpte 0umtpme toa0 lji0 per0on 5anti tlje riij tiap of ^ap tljen tieparteli Ije anti a 9^° V^ ix\\i\ iTt Cri0t pere0 anointeti ipor Cli? 1)10 toife of pour cljarite prap ^Ijat in tlje ifeptlj Catljolick from tlji0 toorlti tieparteti ^w tlje pere of Cri0t ^° F^ ge 0ljall not lo0e pour rljaritable tiebocion x\\ Carr»inal0 Ijabe granted pou riF tiape0 of pardon." Evidently a cancelled plate to suit the changing times. II. Obverse. Inscription, in raised black letter, to Nicholas Sutiherton, alderman and mayor (in 1539) of Norwich, 1540. In the right-hand corner is a small shield with the Suttherton arms. Size of plate, 25^ x 6 inches. The work of a local engraver. l^ere lietlj Burieti pf botip of S19a0ter i|5icljola0 ^uttljerton latte Sl^aper i ianijerma of tlji0 toorcljipfull tixt toljpclje tlje neute T23 ^ta after [n Ijc tons Sparer tii0cc00iti ototc o£ tl)i0 tvmU torie l;'fe tljflt tone? tljc pcrc of okir lorti 1540 tlje r tin^'c of jl^obcmbr to^osf sfoulf 0a}^c ['obj g|c0u Ijauc m'cj' for ^0 Ijc 3|0 00 0cljnU pc Be Palimpsest Inscription, St. John Maddermarket, Norwich. About one-sixth full size. Reverse. The lower portion, from the hands downwards, of the right-hand side of a lady, c. 1460, in mantle. At her feet, engraved on her gown, is the complete figure (7^ inches high) of a daughter attired as a nun, and half the figure of another daughter in the usual costume of the period. The brass is now fixed to the wall of the South Aisle so that the reverse cannot be seen. Some years ago all the brasses in this church were taken from their stones and placed on the walls. In consequence of this injudicious treatment all have suffered severely from corrosion, and are now in a disgraceful condition ; in fact, are fast being ruined. III. Obverse. Effigies of Robert Rugge, Esq., alderman and twice mayor of Norwich, 1558, in civic gown, his wife Elizabeth, five sons, four shields, four scrolls, and an inscription on a bracket. A plate bearing a group of daughters and a shield with a merchant's mark now lost. As nearly the whole brass, which is 124 of a common Norwich type, the work of a local school of engravers, is palimpsest, it will be more convenient to consider it in sections. In all, it originally consisted of fourteen pieces, as follows : — (i) The figure of Robert Rugge, in civic mantle, the lower part of the legs and the feet wanting. In its present condition the figure measures 37^ inches in length. (2) A scroll proceeding from his mouth. This scroll has twisted ends, it measures 13x2 inches, and is inscribed Pater tic ccli0 ticu0 mi0crrnr nobis. (3) The figure of Elizabeth Rugge, 35 inches in length. She wears the kennel-shaped head-dress, and the usual under- and over-gown of the period. The latter is fastened round the waist by a silken cord with knotted ends. (4) A scroll from her mouth similar to (2), but inscribed Jfili retjcmptor mutii Ueu0 miscrcrr nobis. (5) A shield between the heads of the figures, bearing the initials R. E. interlaced by knot work. (6) A bracket upon which the figures stand, and which bears the inscription : ^t ^our rljarptic pra)'c for tlje soules of Eobnrte Euffge (fsquirr sometime fliticrman anti ttopsc Q^tipcr of tljis toorsljipfull citic of ^orbjiclj. anti (i^lqabctl) Ijis tojjffr toljiclj Ijan i^&m bcttoire tljcm fj'bc sonnrs anti it) Dauffljtrrs ann tijc saitic Eofat l^iiQQt licpartctJ tljis tranciton' life tlje rbii) tiaj'e of ffebruarie in tlje j'care of our iiorti (Boti 1558, of toljose soiiles Sfl^e ^oii ;|e0ti Ijaiie mere^'e ^men. This bracket measures 31^ x 24 inches. (7) A square plate, gj x g^ inches, bearing the kneeling figures of five sons in doublets and knee-breeches. (8) A scroll proceeding from the corner of the plate, similar in style to (2) and (4), but inscribed 2Deuo propiciii0 e0to animabu0 parentli nror* (9) A square plate bearing the figures of the three daughters now lost. (10) A scroll similar to (8). 125 (ii) A shield at the upper dexter corner, charged with the arms of Rugge (Gules), a chevron engrailed between three pierced mullets (argent), with hehiiet, mantUng and crest, a talhot passant (argent), collared, ringed and eared (sable). (12) A shield at the upper sinister corner, charged with the arms of Kugge only. (13) A shield at the lower dexter corner with Rugge's merchant's mark, now lost. (14) A sliield at the lower sinister corner, charged with the arms of the Mercers' Company. The brass was formerly on the floor of the South Aisle, but is now fastened to the wall of the North Aisle, and is in a disgraceful condition from damp and neglect. It is engraved, somewhat inaccurately, in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. pi. 70. Robert Rugge was sheriff of Norwich in 1537, mayor in 1545, and again in 1550. His brother, William Rugge, was the last abbot of St. Benet's Hulme, and subsequently bishop of Nor- wich from 1536 to 1550. Robert was twice married, the date of the death of his first wife, Elizabeth is unknown ; his second wife was Alice, widow of William Hare ; she survived him and was buried at Plumstead. Reverse, (i) The figure of Robert Rugge. This is made up two plates, respectively measuring 19^ inches and 18 inches, and consists of the greater portion of the centre of a large and early figure of an abbot. The figure is vested in amice, alb, maniple with broad-fringed end, and chasuble. The apparels of the alb are continued entirely round the wrists, and the amice lies loosely round the neck. The hands are encased in rich gloves, the right holding the stem of the crosier, whilst the left supports a large, richly-bound and clasped book. As the lower part of the figure is wanting, except two fragments used for scrolls, it is impossible to say what otheroavestments were worn. The date appears to be about 1320, and the figure may be com- pared with that formerly at Oulton, SutToIk, to Adam de Bacon, rector, who was living in 13 18, but whose brass is generally dated about i3io\ Effigies of abbots holding books are not uncommon, but only one brass has so far been noticed. It is at Adderley, Shropshire, to an unknown abbot, date about 1390'^ ' Engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk and Suffolk, vol. ii. pi. iii. ; Rev. C. Koutell's Monumenlal Brasses and SLihs, p. 95 ; Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses (1861), Inirod., p. cxlii. ; Photolithograpk privately published by E. M. Reloe, jiin. ; Norfolk Ardi, colony, vol. i. p. 355. ■ Engraved in ArclKzologUal fotirnal, vtil. Iii. p. 53. 126 Palimpsest Reverses ov Rugge Brass. St. John Maddermakket, Norwich. 127 (2) and (4) Scrolls. These are both cut from the lower part of the figure of the abbot. No. (2) shows a part of the staff" of the crosier and a portion of the orplirey of the chasuble. No. (4) shows part of the apparel of the alb at the feet of the figure, and also a portion of a lion's face, showing that the figure had, as in the case at Oulton, a lion at the feet. (3) The figure of Elizabeth Rugge. This is made up of three pieces, respectively measuring 15 inches, 4^ inches, and 5^ inches. All belong to the figure of a priest in mass vestments, and may be dated about 1340. (5) Shield with initials. This is cut out of a larger shield bearing the arms of Fastolf, Quarterly (or) and {azure) on a bend (gules) three crosses crosslet (or). (6) Bracket. The greater portion of this is blank, only the finial, 8| X 7 inches, being palimpsest. It is composed of two pieces, of which the larger bears the face of a lion of early date, and the smaller may have been a portion of its body, but only one engraved line remains. (7) The sons. Blank. (8) Scroll. Made up of bits of an armed figure and half a lion's head. Date about 1440. (9) The daughters. Lost. (10) Scroll. Blank. (11) and (12) Rugge arms. Blank. (13) Merchant's mark. Lost. (14) Mercers' arms. Cut out of the figure of a lady in kirtle and mantle, c. 1440. In all, portions of six brasses were re-used to make up Rugge's memorial. The shield with the arms of Fastolf may have come from the abbey church of St. Benet Hulme, as it is known that Sir John Fastolf was buried there in 1459, in a chapel which he had erected on the north side of the presbytery, where his wife, Milicent, a daughter of Sir Thomas Tiptoft, was also buried. The fragments of the armed figure and of the lady may possibly have belonged to the same brass. There are no means of identi- fying the abbot, he may have come from any house. If from St. Benet's, it may have represented Nicholas de Walesham, who died in 1302, or Henry de Brook, who died in 1325. The various reverses of this brass are engraved in Norfolk Archicology, vol. xiv. p. 66, and are here reproduced on a slightly reduced scale, by kind permission of the Council of the Norfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society, 128 Norwich, St. Martin-at-Palace. On the floor of the Chancel, now partly covered by the choir stalls, is a large slab, 8 feet 6 inches x 4 feet, with the indents for a commemorative inscription, 18 x 15 inches, in the centre, and a large shield of arms, g} x 8|- inches, below, the whole surrounded by a marginal inscription, of which the following words still remain — ^ am 0'OCV tljtlt ItlP— ClOtljCtl apmiCtDltlj — ftcdje ^tt 31 m^ 0clfe— oljall brljoltie Ijjnn not,— on four strips of brass, each measuring if inches in width. The work of a local engraver. The Rev. F. Bloinefield, in his History of Norfolk (8vo. ed. 1805-10), vol. iv. p. 372, thus describes the brass, which appears to have been perfect in his time : " In the chancel there is a large stone with brass plates, on which is circumscribed that passage in xix. Job, verses 25. 26, 27. •• 31 am 0bcr tl)at m)' rcticmar Iplictlj ant) tljat 3 0ljall rpgfe out of tlje cartlj m tljc latter na^ tljat 3 jJljall be clotljeti affainie bjitlj tW ekj'iine anti 0e p^ n^ nt^ aeclje ^ee 3 mp selfe 0ljaU beljoltie Ijpm not toitlj otljar but \Ditlj tljese came e^'e^.' " it^ere Ipetlj Ijptin untier tlj^c 0tone ^Ije bDpfe of s>ir pij^Hpppe Caltljorpe \\\\v%\)t ant! clepj'ti 2Dame 3iii^f f!)^ tiotoiyljter of one 3]Ijon Bleberlja^'00et (E^quier Ije Ijj'jjljt ^Ije lobeti (15oti'0 loortie anti libeti Ij'ketuise ^Ije pbe to tlje poore 1 peaj^'ti for tlje xnz^z ^Ije ruleti Ijer Ijolo^e in mescuer anti cj^cce ^^e 0pent a0 it eame anti ptljereti not moel)e Ulje tiajj of apn'll ttoentp anti 0etien (I5oti tiiti Ijec eall from ljen0e on to Ijabben anno 1550. " Calthorpe impales Bleverhasset, Lowdham, Orton and Keldon." In Norfolk Avchcsology, vol. i. p. 366, it is recorded that on July 2, 1846, the secretary read a letter from Mr. Dawson Turner, stating that Mr. Warren, of Ixworth, had sent for the inspection of the Society a brass, of which Mr. Turner gave the following description : " Brass, formerly attached to the stone in the church of St. Martin-at-the-Plain [or at-Palace] , Norwich, which commem- orated Jane, wife of Sir Philip Calthorpe, Knt., and daughter of 129 John Bleverhassett, Esq., who died 153c [error for 1550.] The arms upon it are Calthorpe {Cheqiiy or and az., a fess erm.) impaling Blenerhasset (Gn., a chevron erm. between three dolphins entbowed az.), Lowdham (Arg., three escutcheons sa.), Orton {Vert, a lion rampant arg., crowned and armed gu.), Keldon {Gu., a pall reversed erm.). In this brass are two things to be remarked, its very unusual thick- ness and its having been a portion of a larger plate, on the reverse of which had been engraved the figure of a female or priest, a part of whose drapery is here visible. The outline of the whole shield, and of each smaller coat and its bearing, appears raised, owing to the interior of the several figures being depressed, except in the or of Calthorpe, and in the argent and ermine, as often as they occur. In the case of the or the brass is left and was probably only covered with a wash of gold, or with gold leaf. Argent and ermine always present a surface of lead, on which small fragments of a very tliin white enamel are here and there observable, showing that the whole was originally coated with such. When other colours were to be represented, a matrix composed of red lead, mixed with wax or oil, fills the cavity, leaving, however, room for a coat of enamel, considerably more thick than the white just mentioned ; but hardly any portion of such is anywhere to be seen. In two of the azure compartments in the Calthorpe arms, the red lead has been carefully removed, exposing the metal, quite irregular in its surface, perhaps left purposely so below." Mr. Turner stated that it was Mr. Warren's intention to restore the brass to its original position. In 1847 the Rev. C. Boutell, in his Monumental Brasses and Slabs, p. 150, illustrates the two sides of the shield and repeats Mr. Dawson Turner's description. Mr. Warren's good intention was not carried out, for The East Anglian Notes and Queries, vol. i. (1858) p. 415, contains an enquiry by a correspondent signing himself '* L.," as to the whereabouts of this brass. An editorial note says, " We have the authority of Mr. Warren, of Ixworth, to say that the brass of Jane Calthorpe was bought by him at the sale by auction of the effects of the late Rev. George Boldero, of Ixworth ; and the late Mr. Goddard Johnson and himself searched the Norwich churches to discover the stone from which it had been removed. Having been successful in this search Mr. Warren left the brass with Mr. Goddard Johnson to have it replaced, if possible, but if this could not be done, ^Ir. Johnson was to present it in Mr. Warren's name to the Norwich Museum, but this does not appear to have been done." In the same 130 volume, p. 425, another correspondent, under the initial " A," states, " A short time after the decease of the late Mr. Goddard Johnson, the palimpsest shield from the gravestone of Jane Calthorpe was left with me by the Rev. J. Gunn, to be restored to the church of St. Martin-at-the-Palace, with the understanding that it was to be refixed to the stone from which it had been so long reaved. This has not yet been done, but the Rev. S. B. Harris, in whose custody I left the brass, has explained the delay, and again promised that it shall be replaced. Some fragments of the marginal inscription, which have been detached for years, are also in his care, and these, too, are palimpsests. A portion inscribed ' Redeemer lyveth and that ' is cut out of the same effigy as the shield, and another fragment having ' wyth the same eyes ' has on its reverse part of a shaft of a canopy, still retaining its original gilding." The brasses were never replaced. They were probably sold amongst the goods of the vicar on his decease, and after passing through various hands were in April, 1902, in the possession of Prince Frederick Duleep Singh, Old Buckenham Hall, Norfolk, to whose courtesy the writer is indebted for rubbings. The pieces now preserved at Old Buckenham Hall consist of the shield and three fragments of the marginal inscription, all being palimpsest. The shield, which measures 9^ x 8| inches, Palimpsest Shield formerly in St. Martin-at-Palace, Norwich. About one-fourth full size. bears on its obvevse the arms of Calthorpe impaling Blener- HASSET quarterly with Lowdham, Orton, and Keldon, and on 131 the reverse the lower portion of a lady in mantle, c. 1530. Two fragments of the marginal inscription, respectively measuring 7^ and 10 inches, join together and have on the obverse side the words rCtiemar Ij'betij antJ tljat. These pieces come from the top ri^ht-hand corner of the slab, but the indent for the greater part of the strip is now covered by the choir stalls. Their reverse con- sists of another portion of the c. 1 530 lady ; a small fragment of an engrailed charge, either a bend or a saltire, shows that her mantle :W^^ ^^sm^mui. mtm^^im^'^my >. m. Palimpsest Fragments of Marginal Inscription kormerly in St. Martin-at-Palace, Norwich. About one-fourth full size. was charged with heraldic bearings. The third strip, measuring 13J inches in length, bears on its obverse the words t\)t&t eftllllC Z^t'S, and belongs to the top left-hand corner of the slab, being the last words of the text. On the reverse is a portion of the shaft of a canopy, c. 1530, finely engraved and still retaining traces of gilding. No doubt the other fragments of the marginal inscription still remaining in the slab will be found to be palimpsest should they ever become detached. Norwich, St. Pkter Mancroft. Obverse. Effigy of Peter Rede, Esq., 1568, in armour of date about one hundred years earlier, a copy from an older figure.* ' This is proved by the date of the palimpsest, and by the fact that the fii^ure and inscription are cut from the same Flemish brass. 132 j5EREVNDEBJJYBTlt^- COUPS OF PETERKJ^DE ESaVI ' ER->^HOHA*H ^0KHEEV^ERVE,DN0T0NEY H YS PKYI^^CEAND•GVNTREY•J5VT•AIESO•lI£•EMPEROR:CHAR LESTI^'5' BOtTE-Al-TFECONQVESE OFBARBARIAA>D ATTH: «IEGD0F-TVN1SA6-AES^0-1N01HERPLACESWH0RAX)GEV'- ENHmBY'Tre-5AYD-EMPFJlOVR- FORHYS-VA LIAVJSTP^^ DE,DE5TiEORDER-OFBAKBARIA>)/HO*DYE.DTH: 13' OF DECEMBER;IKTH:YEAR0F0VREL0RD'G0D15' 6^ 8- Okveksh: and Reverse ok the Brass to Peter Rede, 1568, St. Peter Mancroft, Norwich, Abuut one-fifih full size Very curious, the work of a local engraver. Height of effigy, 21 inches. Below is the following inscription on a plate measuring 234 X 6| inches : HERE . VNDER . LYETHE Y . CORPS . OF . PETER . REDE . ESQVI ER . WHO . HATH . WORTHELY . SERVED . NOT . ONLY . HYS PRYNCE . AND CVNTREY . BUT ALLSO . THE . EMPEROR . CHAR; LES . THE . 5 . BOTHE . AT . THE . CONQVEST . OF . BARBARIA . AND . AT . THE SIEGE . OF . TVNIS . AS . ALSO . IN . OTHER . PLACES . WHO . HAD . GEV. EN . HYM . BY . THE . SAYD . EMPEROVR . FOR . HYS VALIAVNT . DEDES . THE . ORDER . OF . BARBARIA . WHO . DYED . THE 29 OF DECEMBER . IN . THE . YEAR . OF OVRE . LORD . GOD I568. The brass lies on the floor of the chancel and is engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. pi. Ixxvii. p. 41, and the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. lii. Reverse. Portions of a large, fine Flemish brass of very late fifteenth or early sixteenth century work. The figure of Peter Rede has been cut transversely from the plate, thus giving a narrow section of about half the brass. At the left-hand side, forming the legs and feet of Peter Rede, is a shield charged with four piles issuing from tlie sinister} Then in the centre of the figure is the greater portion of tfie head of a civilian wearing a cap and resting on a cushion richly diapered with flowers and foliage, with other diaper work of a slightly different pattern in the corners beyond the cushion. This figure was under a canopy, traces of which appear on the left and right-hand sides of the head. This canopy was also continued on the right-hand side, where, forming the head of Peter Rede, is another richly diapered cushion, showing that originally there was another figure, probably that of the man's wife. The inscription is cut out of the same brass and shows a strip of the border ornamented with geometrical work, a portion of the body of the civilian shovving the right shoulder and hands, and in the corner a tassel of the cushion and a small piece of the diaper work beyond the cushion. The writer is indebted to Mr. L. G. Bolingbroke, of Norwich, for the loan of the rubbing from which the accompanying illustration has been made. ' In foreign heraldry called hiiauche. The family of Holman, originally from the Duchy of C\t\t:s, hezr. Parti emaitche d' argent <t de gueules. See T- Wood- ward's Heraldry, British and Foreign, veil. i. p. 148. 134 Norwich, St. Stephen. Effigy of a lady, c. 1410, 23I inches in height, in veil head- dress, close-fitting kirtle with long tight sleeves reaching to the knuckles, and over-gown with high collar and large, full sleeves. To the base of this figure has been attached a plate, 8 X 2f inches, bearing two small seated figures of bedesmen, or beggars, with crutches and rosaries, and a new inscription added appro- priating the figure to Eel (or Ele) Buttry, the last prioress of Campsey Ash, Suffolk, who died in 1546, and by her will directed her body " To be buryed in the north side of the chappell of ower blyssed Ladye" in this church. The inscription-plate, 14^ x 35 inches, is the work of a local engraver, and reads thus : [4arar] for x\)z [ooulir] of GEcl 23uttiT 0iit^me prrorrs of Campc00c on toljo0c 0oule 3]fefu Ijatir wxzi tlje rrim tia^' of ^ctolin* i^° V^x,M°, The first and fourth words of this inscription have been defaced, but the clause, " on whose soule, &c.," has escaped erasure. The brass, which is on the floor of the North Chapel, is engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norjolk, vol. ii. Appendix, pi. i. fig. A. p. 57 (imperfect and erroneously assigned to St. Laurence's church) ; Rev. H. Haines' Manual of M onuniental Brasses, Introd., p. ccx. (figure only) ; and Norfolk Archaeology, vol. vi. p. 295 (effigy and inscription). With reference to the Christian name of the prioress about which authorities differ, the brass itself giving " Eel," Mr. J. Challenor Smith, F.S.A., has kindly sent the following note: "William Botery, citizen and merchant of London, will 1535 (P.C.C. Hogen 30), mentions his sister ' dame Ede, prioress of Camisey, Suffolk." Norwich, Strangers' Hall. A palimpsest inscription, formerly in the possession of the late Mr. Bayfield, of Norwich, and supposed to have come either from the church of St. Paul, or that of St. James, Norwich, is now (1901) preserved in this Hall. Obverse. Inscription to Anne, wife of Thomas Randolf, 1536. Size of plate, ii4 X 2 J inches. The work of a local engraver. Prar for tl)r soulr of ^nnr (atf t(jr toifr of '(Iljomn^ Etintiolf 1536. o:) m"'"' Palimpsest Inscription now in the Strangers' Hall, Norwich. Al)out one-third full size. Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish plate, bearing a portion of the face, neck, right shoulder, and two fingers of the right hand of a lady, c. 1500. A portion of a brooch and of the cords for fastening the mantle also appear. Great Ormesby. Three-quarter effigy, 22 inches high, of a lady, c. 1440, wearing a horned head-dress with veil, a close - fitting kirtle, and a mantle fastened across the breast by a cord and tassels. In her hands she holds a heart circumscribed with the words (ErtI) mp bor^}f 3 ^i\3c to tlje oil mj' 0oule JiW Ijauc m'cj>.^ Altered, by the insertion of much coarse shading and the addition of an inscription (now lost), to represent Alice, daughter of Sir William Boleyn, and wife of Sir Robert Clere, 1538. Loose in the church chest in i8go. The casement is under the wooden flooring of the Chancel. The figure is very inaccurately engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. pi. Ixvi. p. 36, where the in- scription and one shield of arms is also shown. Great Ormesby, Norfolk. About one-seventh full size. ^ See Haines, Introd., p. cvii. The original is much worn. 136 Paston. Effigy of Erasmus Paston, who died in 1538, in civil dress, four English verses, inscription, and two shields. The effigy of his wife Mary (Windham), who died in 1596, is lost. The male effigy is 25 inches in height, the plate with the verses measures 24 ^ 5i inches, the inscription-plate i2| x 2f inches, and the shields 7 x 6| inches. The brass, which appears to have been executed c. 1580, lies on the Chancel floor and is engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. pi. Ixviii. p. 37. So far as at present known only the shields are palimpsest, but it is highly probable that the remainder of the brass will also be found to be made up of earlier fragments. The plate with the verses is composed of three separate pieces, and the inscription- plate of two separate pieces, a very suspicious circumstance. Obverse. Shield No. I. Quarterly of Twelve I. {Arg.), six fleur-de-lys [as.), a chief indented {or). Paston. II. [Ayg.), a fess between two chevrons (gn.), the upper charged with a fleur-de-lys {or). Peche. III. Erm., on a chief indented {gu.) three coronets {or). Leach. IV. {Or), on a chevron between three lions' heads erased {gu.), as many bezants. Somerton. V. {Az.), an escutcheon within an orle of martlets {arg.). Walcot. VT. {Arg.), a chevron between three bears' heads couped {sa.), muzzled {or). Berry. VII. {Arg.), a chief indented {gu.). Hemgrave. VI II. {Arg.), a fess between three crescents {gu.). Wachesam. IX. {Az.), a lion rampant guardant {or). Hethersett. X. {Sa.), a fess between two chevrons {or). Ger- Palimpsest Shield, Paston, Norfolk. About one-third full size. ^37 BRIDGE. XI. (Arg.), on a chevron (g:i.) three fleur-delys {or). Peyver. XII. Quarterly, i and 4. {Az.), a cross paiee (or). Mautby (.?) 2 and 3. iGu.), a fess (arg.) between thirteen billets {or). LOUVAINE.^ Reverse. Sliield No. I. A fra^'ment of a Dutch or Flemish inscription, late fifteenth century, in raised black letter. Obverse. Shield No. II. Quarterly I. and IV. {Az.), a chevron between three lions' heads erased (or). Windham. II. and III. Quarterly 1 and ^. {A z.), a bend {or). Scrope. 2 and 3. {Arg.), a saltire engrailed {gu.). Tiptoft. Palimpsest Shield, Pasios, Norfolk. About one-third full size. Reverse. Shield No. II. A fragment of another Flemish brass, rather later in date, c. 1520 (?), with the head of a figure resting on a mattress, a portion of a scroll bearing (mi0)rrcrc mci tJCUCf, and a shield charged with three wheat sheaves and a villi ht. These shields are now fastened down. Ranworth. Obverse. Three scrolls, 7x2 inches, the only remaining portions of a brass which originally consisted of a heart, 5^ X 4 ^ See the Rev. E. Farrer's Chwch Hei-aUry of Norfolk, vol. i. p. 376. 138 - . inches, with the scrohs above, and an inscription-plate, i6 x 4 inches, with a shield of arms, 8x6 inches, below. The case- ment, 1 1 feet X 3 feet 6 inches, still remains on the floor of the Nave. The brass was the work of a local engraver and may be dated c. 1540. The scrolls bear the following words from the Office for the Dead, the opening word "Credo" having doubtless been engraved on the heart. Scrolls : (i) qn rcticptor mc' mnit I \\\ noiiief0imo tiie (2) uc trrra gurrcctur' m (tt in rarnc mca (3) uiticlio ticum gfaluatoie meu Reverse. Scrolls (i) and (2) are cut out of portions of a fine marginal inscription in raised black letter, c. 1460, and respec- tively bear the words : (i) u anfflie i ffrancie and the first stroke of another letter. (2) flfuit q? I 0craicio rcg: (2) and (i) may possibly read contmuously. Scroll (3) is from a portion of an inscription to Drye, citizen of Norwich, 1510, and is the work of a local engraver. .... it tirpc mm /13ortoici .... n<3 ^ tini W V X Loose in the church chest in i8g8, S.A.LHOUSE. Now lost. Reproduced from a rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. Obverse. Inscription to Henry Tyllis, c. 1540. Size of plate, 8x2 inches. The work of a local engraver. ^ic 3|am l^cric' tj^llP Reverse. Another inscription to Richard Gardener, chaplain c. 1500. Also the work of a local engraver. 139 Crate u ciia Eccartii (Bartirncc Cap'li cni' alt ppicict' tic' ^mc. JHHtEj) flm'torDnsfiriiran; Palimpsest Inscription formerly at Salhouse, Norfolk. One-half full size. The rubbing is endorsed, " this was in the church chest at Sal- house, Norfolk, the reverse thickly covered with pitch," but unfortunately no date is given. Sall. Obverse. A mutilated and worn inscription to Geoffrey Melman (?), c. 1480. Size of plate in its present condition, 9f X 2f inches. The work of a local engraver. Cerate p iTiabj (Balfritii ^clmaii (?) t . . . . feiiiptib? tci I mcrcmio (?) qua carpct'o (?) ac . . . . Palimpsest Reverse of Inscription, Sall, Norfolk. About one-half full size. I40 Reverse. A small fragment of a Flemish brass consisting of a portion of the head of a lady with braided hair and parts of the diaper work of the cushion on which her head rested. Date c. 1400. Loose in the church chest in i8go. Shimpling. Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Le Grys, Gent., 1692, aet. 60. Size of plate, 'Sk X 35 inches. Nave floor. Thomas Le Grys Gen' Obiit 27^'° Septembris Anno ^tatis s\jje 60 Annoque Dom : 1692 Reverse. Another inscription to Anthony Le Grys, Gent., son of Robert and Susan Le Grys, 1598. The work of a local engraver. Here lyeth bvryed the corps OF Anthony Le Grys gent yonger son to Robart Le Grys & Svsan his wife : He ended this life the 2oT« OF December 1598. This plate has been inaccurately relaid, so that the earlier inscription now appears. The explanation is thus given by the present rector, the Rev. J. W. Millard : " The brass became loose in the time of my pre-predecessor, Mr. Harrison (about sixty years ago), when the earlier inscription was revealed, and he, thinking that Anthony had the first and best claim, replaced the brass with the earlier inscription uppermost, but it was a mistake, for, according to the registers, only Thomas was buried in the church." See a communication by the Rev. H. E. Field to the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society,' vol. iii., p. 2ig. The Rev. C. R. Manning, F.S.A., in Norfolk Archtsology, vol. x. p. 202, gives the following account of the plate : " There is no entry in the register of the burial of Anthony Le Grys in 1598. The brass does not fit the indent in the stone, and it is thought probable that it belonged originally to some other church. The Le Grys family lived at Billingford and Dickleburgh. Ihe brass is a palimpsest, and there is an entry in the burial register signed by Henry Harrison, rector, 1830, stating, after recording the above [i.e., the 1598] inscription, that 'on the reverse of the same HI brass is also the underneath inscription, Thomas Le Grys, Gen : obiit 27'"° Septembris Anno aetatis suae 60, annoque Dom : 1692.' This Thomas was buried here, and the entry is in the register, ' Tho : Le Grys, Gent., was buried Sept. 28, 1692.' The older brass, therefore, of Anthony, brought from elsewhere, was used for him." SOUTHACRE. In 1889, six fragments from the brass to Sir Roger Harsyk, 1454, and wife Alice, were in the custody of the then rector. These fragments consisted of (i) the hands holding an inscribed heart, the upper portion missing; (2) and (3) portions of the scroll issuing from the top left-hand corner of the heart and bearing the words, UtliCili Cil ; CiCrUO tUO tine ; (4) a portion of the com- memorative inscription on a scroll, ^{\ XlXiUtl^ t SiliCi ', (5) the end of this scroll with the letter Z of "Alicie," and an orna- mental twist ; (6) the continuation of the scroll with the words, 011c qUOr' aiall? DpiCtCt' tintCf am. Two of these fragments are palimpsest. No. (i), the hands and heart, bears on the reverse the mutilated head of a civilian, c. 1400, and (5), the twist of the scroll of the centre part of the commemorative inscription, has on the reverse three letters of a Flemish marginal inscription. The casement for the Harsyk brass still remains on the Chancel floor. It measures 5 feet 6 inches x 2 feet 6 inches and shows the indents for the arms, hands, heart, with three scrolls issuing therefrom, and two fine achievements of arms in the centre of the stone, the commemorative inscription, on a twisted scroll, is below, and at the four corners are shields of arms. This slab, together with the existing fragments and the palimp- sest portions, is illustrated in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, vol i. part x. pi. 3. Trunch. Now lost. Recorded in the Rev. H. Haines' List of Monu- mental Brasses, p. 232, as then (1861) in the possession of Mr. Bayfield, of Norwich. It is also entered in the Rev. E. Farrer's List of Norfolk Brasses, p. 114, as then (1891) in the same gentle- man's hands. Mr. Bayfield is since dead and all trace of the brass is now lost. There is a rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. 142 Obverse. A mutilated and much worn inscription to Walter Bownyng (?) or Bowmont (?) and wife Melicint (?), 1473. Size of plate, i2| X 3I inches. (ItLlaltrri Bobin^no: (?) i ^elicit (?) uroricf obiit Wmo quarto liic . . . 9^° <^€€€' ^^^1131 qwor' iiiiili^ upicict' He' nmc. Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish marginal inscription bearing the letters CI + t\W^ + ft + enclosed by two narrow fillets ornamented with quatrefoils, roses and leaves. The inscription is divided by a large quatrefoil enclosing a shield bearing the letter W in base, and a crescent and mullet on flanches in chief. Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Rev. C. Boutell's Monumental Brasses and Slabs, p. 149. NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. Nether Heyford. French inscription and two shields to John Mauntell and wife Elizabeth (Heyford), c. 1400, formerly on a high tomb but now on the Chancel floor. One shield only is palimpsest. It measures 5I x 4^ inches, and bears on the obverse the arms of Heyford, (Gu.), a maunch (arg.), and on the reverse the arms of MoNTACUTE (Arg.), three fusils conjoined in fess (gu.), quartering LoNGESPEE (Az.), six Uoucels rampant (or). Both sides of the shield are engraved in the ArcJasological Journal, vol. ix. p. 300, and at p. 385 of the same volume the late Mr. W. S. Walford suggests the quarterly coat to be intended for the arms of William de Montacute, second Earl of Salisbury of that name, who died in 1397, or of William his father, the previous Earl, who died in 1344, but in this latter case engraved much later. Probably the shield was a " waster," rejected for some fault in the heraldry. The shield bearing the arms of Mauntell is a modern restoration, the original having disappeared. The in- scription has also been filled in with composition and the palimpsest shield fastened down. NORTHUMBERLAND. No palimpsest noted in this county. NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. No palimpsest noted in this county. 1 143 OXFORDSHIRE. Checkendon. I. A small piece, 3^ X 2 inches, of the marginal inscription to John Rede, 1404, was loose in 1897. On the obverse it bears the letter li^ of the surname Rede, and on the reverse a small cross and the first stroke of a letter. This piece has since been re- fastened in the casement. The writer is indebted to Mr. J. Challenor Smith, F.S.A., for this note. 11. Obverse. A mutilated inscription to Edmund Rede, Esq., patron of the church, and wife Cristine, 1435. Size of plate in its present condition 18J x 3^ inches. ^k mtt (Etimuliu0 Eetie ^rmiff* nc patron' mi' tzzMz qi obiit \iii\° tiie ^ CEt Cricftina ur' ti' que obiit iTbiii^tiic Sl^arcii ^° tini Sl^° <t€<^€''^^^V Reverse. A portion of a side shaft of a canopy with half a figure of a female saint, crowned, and holding the shaft of some weapon in her hands. This figure is probably intended for St. Margaret, the shaft being that of the spear or cross with which she is usually represented slaying the monster at her feet. Above the figure is a fine crocketted canopy with a background of masonry. This fragment is of English workmanship, c. 1400-20, and was probably a " waster." The brass is now fixed down in the Chancel with keyed screws. Both sides of the plate are en- graved in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. iii., p. 87. 144 EWELME. Obverse. Inscription to Henry Lee, fuller and citizen of London, and wife Alice, 1494. Size of plate, 18x4!^ inches. ^rate p ^lafa^ i}cnrici ILtt ffuloiti0 zt tM^ Eoutiou ihi ^epulti XXI ttm tie abneclj^ccl) zt aiicie ucociefeiugf l)ic Ja cet qui {sic) obiit ^' tini 9^° CCCC° Iriaa-iiij till tiic Sl^arcii Reverse. A small portion of the upper part of the canopy of a fine Flemish brass, c. 1360. In the upper tabernacle work is the small figure of an angel playing on a musical instrument. The main arch of the canopy is crocketted with oak leaves and acorns and carries a pattern of running foliage, whilst the back- ground and part of a cushion are richly diapered with foliage work and seated dogs, or perhaps monsters. The inscription ran round the edge on a narrow fillet, but only the initial cross appears. The brass, which is on the floor of the South Aisle, is now fastened down by keyed screws. Both sides of the plate are illustrated in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i. frontis. Goring. A civilian and wife, c. 1600, with three sons and five daughters. Now fastened to the Chancel wall with a modern inscription ascribing the brass to members of the family of Whistler, of Goring. It is engraved in H. W, Taunt's Goring, Streatley, and Neighbourhood, p. ig, and P. G. Stone's Goring Church and Priory, p. 8. The children only are palimpsest. The plate bearing the sons measures 7x6 inches, and that of daughters 7x8 inches. When placed together the following inscription is on the reverse : Here liet of Langf who dece H Walter PIrunes ORDE Gent ASED The 2 Ano Dni LEMAN 5 DAY OF 1594 {Daughters) {Sons) Now fastened down. The palimpsest is engraved in Stone, p. 7. 145 Mr. Percy Manning writing on the brasses at Goring^ notes that " the brass to Walter Prunes, gent,, 1594, and his wife Mary, daughter of Thoby Playdell, of Great Faringdon, 1609, still remains in Langford Church, Berks," and conjectures that " it is possible that the original inscription, which only recorded the husband, was discarded for one which included both husband and wife, and found its way to the brass-sculptor's workshop in consequence." Ipsden. Obverse. Thomas English, in armour, and wife Isabel, both died in 1525, and both slightly mutilated, inscription and shield of arms. Only the figures, measuring 18 inches in length, are palimpsest. Reverse. The male figure is cut out of the upper portion of a much larger figure of a lady, c. 1420. She wears a small crespine head-dress with veil, a kirtle with tight-fitting, closely-buttoned sleeves, and a high-waisted gown fastened by a plain girdle, and having a falling collar and large surplice sleeves. Her head forms the feet of the armed figure. The figure of Isabel English is cut out of an inscription in Latin verse of about the same date as the figure of the early lady, to which it may or may not have belonged. There are fragments of five lines, but three are much cut about. uit^[ta]pilton (?) ^pouefa Joljlg? (tn 3Ioljri morte niit Ijcregf tentmq} gfub anni& [C]t plurc0 miti pat' Ijnc micfcfale lejyauit [^] int (?) rpo ffrati ncim oieef cfanctificauit t The name "Stapilton" is a little doubtful but may be correct. It was first suggested by the late Mr. H. Haines. The brass has at some time been relaid in a modern freestone slab within the altar rails, and quite recently the loose pieces have been fixed down with keyed screws by the Oxford Society. Both sides of the plates are engraved in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i., pis. xxv., xxvi., pp. 253, 254. ' " Monumental Brasses in the Deanery of Henley-on-Thames," in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i., p. 246. 146 Oxford, Magdalen College Chapel. I. Obverse. Inscription to John Caly, M.A., fellow of the college, 1515. Nearly effaced. Size of plate, 8^ x 2| inches. -SDrate p ala 31cp£f Cal^ m'c I artibj $ q°ntiam fioti' Ijui' coIUq' q' obiit . . . I'unii ^° ^^ V rt cut' ale ppic' He' Reverse. A portion of another inscription to Isabel, wife of Fyscher, citizen and clothier, 1464. ^rate p aia Jgfalielle ffp^cljer .... ff^0cl)ec tiniQ $ panarii tiu bir . , . Hie 31umi ^° tini a^' CCCC Iriiii . . . Loose in the bursary in 190 1. II. Obverse. Effigy, 37I inches in height, and inscription 31I x 4I inches, to Arthur Cole, S.T.B., president, and canon of Windsor, 1558. Engraved in J. G. and L. A. B. Waller's Series of Monumental Brasses, pt. xiii. (effigy only). Reverse. According to the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monu- mental Brasses, pt. ii. p. 170, there is on the reverse "a priest in chasuble, &c., an inscription to Robert Cobbe, citizen and tailor of London, 1506, and wife Margaret, and part of another inscription." The writer has been unable to find any rubbing, or to gain any additional information. The brass was "restored" about the year i860, when a new head was added, but the firm who carried out the work kept no record of the reverse. Oxford, St. Mary Magdalene. I. Richard Ham den and wife Alice, 1524 ; on reverse of inscrip- tion another inscription in French to Margaret Holgote, fourteenth century. Now lost. See the Journal of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. 178, for a paper on the " Brasses in the Church of St. Mary Magdalen," by Mr. Percy Manning, M.A., F.S.A., who quotes from Wood's MS. (Bodleian), F. 2ga fol. 333b, as follows : 147 " On another [marble stone] under the pictures of a man and a woman is this engraven, on brass plates : " Pray for the sowles of Rychard Hamden, Esquire, & Alys his wyffe, of whose sowles Jesu have mercy : which departed An. Dom. 1524. " The said Alice was sometime the wife of Georg Havell of this parish Brewer, and I think shee lived after 1524." " Note y' when the brass (on which the said inscription was engraven) was some yeares ago taken up, I read this french inscription engraven on the other side : ' qi pur Lalme Margret Holgote cy prye devoutement en ciel done Luy soit graunde joye de dieu Lomnypotent.' " So y' by this it shews y' the said brass had been fastnd to another grave, but whether it lay'd here or in another church I know not." II. Obverse. Inscription to Jane, daughter of Thomas Bassett, Esq., of Hince, Staffs., and second wife of Robert Fitzherbert, Esq., of Tissington, Derbyshire, 1574. Size of plate, 14 x 6 inches. ^zxz lietlj burieti tlje botipe ot Jane ffitjljerbert gfeconn toiffe of Eobart ffit^Ijcrbert of %mi\\Qto\\ i\\ tlje cauiitpe of 2Derbie C^qiiiec nun one of tlje 2Daug:l)tcr0 of '(]]:ijoma0 Ba^^ett of i^ince i\\ tlje countie of ^tafforli Cefquier. W^) 3Iane Dj^eti tlje 27 of October in tlje peee of our loetie dSoti 1574 Reverse. Portions of a sixteenth century Flemish or Dutch inscription, the five upper lines in raised letters, and the five lower in incised letters. Ill orjyljeleii 0p . . . metteii lutie (n) . . te Deelc xiii . . . te toetteii ij . . . 3In tie0e l^au . . . cElke ffoetie .... tail jno:lje0e ... pautoelfif till . . . liaclj : %t\\ bi . . . 148 A border running round three sides of the lower half of the inscription shows that this is complete as regards the number of lines. The brass is now in a wooden frame in the Vestry. Both sides of the plate are illustrated in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. 179. Oxford, St. Peter-in-the-East. In the Gentleman's Magazine for 1841, pt. i. p. 270, a corre- spondent "J. I." under date March, 1841, reports the discovery " under old pews not long since removed " of a loose brass plate having on its obverse side the following inscription : ft oTatj " ^rate pea animabugf gio^flvii^ C^^ttofe cibigf t^ 01 ^1 pamtjlrii ^ontioit {iensis) J'^'^s ^-^ -i/ ^ Kicartii ^^aton^aru armijyein uefuncti nup^^tie fwrn* and on the reverse the following verses : , •' ^txxitK terra tfg:at '^zx^H prccat (« remittat) iHtvwAy ^m\i\ji^ u^ ^abeat ^iti^x^ agft^ (petat)," s^vuT^ / " The italic letters are supplied from conjecture, the end of the a^t" / brass being imperfect." The brass is mentioned in the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monu- mental Brasses, pt. ii. p. 173, no doubt from this reference, as the entry is marked with a dagger showing that he had never seen either the brass or a rubbing. From a paper on the brasses in this church published in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. igS, it appears from the authority of Wood's MS. that the Latin verses should be the obverse and the inscription the reverse side, and the conjectured word " remittat " should read " resumat." Wood's account' is as follows : " On a broken marble stone with this inscription on a brass plate, with- out any name : " ' Terram terra tegat demon peccata resumat ' Mundus res habeat spiritus astra petat. ' As you be so was I, pray you for me ' For as I am so shall you [be, so] requyryth charyte.' " Wood's MS. (Bodleian), F. 29a, fol. 348c. The brass is also described in T. Hearne's Collections, vol. i., p. 135 (Oxford Historical Society, 1884). 149 The plate with the two English verses still exists but the other plate has disappeared. II. Obverse. Richard Atkinson, alderman and five times mayor of Oxford, also a justice of the peace and quorum, 1574, in civic mantle, and two wives, the second named Annes, the first unnamed, with a group of five sons and six daughters, and a foot inscription. The male effigy is 22^ inches in height, the female 19J inches, the children ii x 6 inches, and the inscription-plate 28 X 4f inches. All palimpsest. Reverse. This, with the exception of one piece, is composed of the upper portion of a large late sixteenth century Flemish brass, very little earlier in date than the obverse side. When the various pieces are arranged together the result is a double canopy with central pillar and flat-topped arches. Under the dexter arch is an achievement of arms, the shield charged with . . a tower . . , the crest being a beast's head, the former is represented as suspended from the helmet by a ribband and the mantling is of the florid and ornate character usual at this period. The sinister arch encloses two cherubs holding a lozenge charged with . . a tower . . . impaling . . a fess . . . The odd piece, which forms the larger portion of the children, 9x6 inches, is a fragment of a Dutch or Flemish inscription in raised black letter relating to the foundation of a mass and a dole and reads thus : . . . (e)n natv tier }tlntv moef^eit gfal liic prejst .... . . . t<st cotiitiiam^tren tanticr }cluev l^tvkiO . . . nt pric0terir. W, 0'. bi. ti'. 0:'. altiig na .... . . . intcQtev0 ten Dcieit Ijoiyljeix tiineii ba . . . te toetene em faroot ban. ii. 0:'. eu c (?) . . . aecm0tc man0 en. ti. tie acrmjs n al0 ti . . . Mr. H. K. St. J. Sanderson gives the following translation of this inscription ^ : "... and after the said mass shall the priest .... . . . daily servitors of the said church . . . and priests 7 shillings 6 deniers of grooten always after .... . . . masters at the three high seasons of ... . ... to wit one loaf of two grooten and . . . poorest men and the six poorest " ' Trans. Mon. Br. Soc, vol. ii., p. 144. ISO The brass should be on a high tomb in the North Chancel aisle, but in 1901 the plates were loose at the clerk's house. Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. p. 144, and on an odd sheet issued by the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society in i8g6. Shipton-under-Wychwood. Obverse. A quadrangular plate, 27^ x 19 inches, with recum- bent figure of Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Thomas Tame and wife of Edmund Home, Esq., 1548, in shroud, lying on the floor of a panelled room with a small flat, arched canopy above, from which hangs a large shield charged with arms of Horne (Arg.), a chevron engrailed (gu.) between three unicorns' heads erased (az.), impaling Tame (Arg.), a dragon (vert) and a lion (az.), crowned (gu.) combatant, quarterly with Clifford, of Frampton, CO. Glouc, Chequy (or) and (az.), on a bend (gu.) three lions passant guardant of the first, ivith a crescent . . for difference. Below is an inscription in twelve English verses : C5i0 picture presfcntptljc to ^o^^ Eememberanre %iz lajste 0emblptutie of alle ^o^ hz'rsiti^ auti fame <aU0o Ijit ^pitffnet'j'etlj tlje moctall cl)aunce of CUjabetlje uouffljtec $ Iie^'er of Cljomaef 'Eame toljiclje 0umtj?me bja0 tlje Uece anti lotpnge tojjffe £)f cnmoittie l^orne (E0qu5er tietorpuffe all ^ei* liffe to^ojse mortall botip uoto congfumpti to nugfte toais labile Ijere in graue agf b^ nature neD' l)it mu^te 3|it tbe itxt off Cljrpgftpef Jncarnacpon ^ t^oto^antie fpbe buntirpti fort^ aim epffbt C^e x*b of ^U0:u)3t Ijer bertbuef enclpuac^oit brouffljt Ijer to tlje place of tlie eternall Ipg^t. Reverse. The plate is composed of two pieces, the top 5 inches in width, being blank. The remainder, 22^ x 19 inches, consists of a black letter inscription, in 22 lines, confirming a grant [in 1494] of a messuage in the parson's [fee] at Aylesbury to the wardens or masters of the guild or brotherhood, otherwise called the Fraternity of the Glorious Virgin St. Mary, Our Lady of Aylesbury, by John Stone and his wife Alice, for dirges to be sung yearly on the 23rd of April and masses on the following day, the vicar to have eight pence, the other priests and clerks two pence, and the masters two pence ; but if any default be made iSi then the wardens or masters of the parish church shall take over the messuage and its appurtenances and cause the said dirges and masses to be performed. [To] all trewe faythfuU & cristen pepull whyche shall see here beholde o"" rede thys p'sent [wrjytyng John Stone & Alyse hys wyffe send gretyng in o"- lorde eu'lastyng be it knowen [b] y C univ'site that we have gevyn g'nted & cofirmed by chartc & season ys of delyv'ed to the [w] ardens or masters of y^ guylde or of the brey'hed otherwyis called y^ frat'nyte of the glori' [V']gyn seynt marye o"" lady of ayllesbury a mese w' the apportenncys lying i the p'sonys [fee ?] i ayllesbury i man' forme & codicione here folowyg y' is to sey that if y^ sayd masters themselfe or by y^ att'neys whatsoeu' they bee I the p'bendall churche of this blessyd [m] ary o"^ lady of ayllesbury aftyr y^ man' & usage of y^ churche of salesbury soleply to be kept [si] nge for y sowles of the said Johii and Alyse hys wyffe dyryges yerely the xxiij day of [a] pryll i tyme to come & alwey to endure & on y^ morowe the messes in lyke wyse then [They ?J to enioye y*= seyd mese w' this also that [they ?] geue unto y« vicarye of y seid churche [ye] rely for y« tyme beyng viiiti & distribute to other p'stys & clarkys syngyng the masses ij'i yerely at y^ place & days aforesayd & more ou' if the seyd masters or att'neys whiehe (sic) for y« tyme shall be to sup'vide or ou'see the p'mysses take for y= [la] burs ij'^ that then the forseyde mese w' thap'tynn'cys holy remayn to the seyd [m] asters & y^ successors for eu'more & if defaute be made yn the p'mysses or in aney of [the] m at any day o'^ on y^ morowe after aney of theys days o"^ of aney of y^ morowys a [for] e seyde yn whiehe as it is p'mysed it owth to be done & kept y' then y^ forseyd John & [Al] ys my wyffe aforesayd wyll & graunte y' the wardens o"^ the masters of y*= sayd p'yshe churche 152 [of] ayllesbury whiche for y= tyme shall bee take ynto y^ handes all ye forseyd mesa [w' th] er apporte [nc] es & yt they recey ve season yn y same to fynde y* dyryges & masses I man' & forme w'l wrytn . . . they & ys successors i the office of y« sayd churche do cotynellie y*= same by tymes eu'more to edure The first two or three letters in each line are obscured by the solder used to fasten the two pieces together. The brass is now in a hinged oak frame on the wall of the North Aisle. Both sides of the plate are reproduced in the Portfolio of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, pt. ii. pi. 6. Stanton St. John. Obverse. Inscription to Anne Frene, 1524, on a plate with curved sides, 12 inches in length at the top, y^ inches at the bottom, and 4|- inches in width. The lettering very rude, prob- ably the work of a local engraver. pre^ for ^^ gfoU of aitne frene W Hrpartrti j^^ err of otore lortie a m cccccrriiij Stanton St. John. About one-quarter full size. Reverse. The shoulders and hands of a large early figure of a lady, c. 1350 (?). Loose at the Vicarage in 1901. The brass was removed from the Church about the beginning of the last century, but returned in 1869.^ ' See Proceedings of Society of Antiquaries, 2 S., vol. iv., p. 339. 153 Waterperry. Walter Curzon, Esq., [1527] , in armour, and wife Isabel, daughter of Robert Saunders, Esq., of Harrington, Northants, with eight sons and seven daughters, a commemorative foot inscription, four shields, and a marginal inscription with text from Job. The daughters and foot inscription lost, and the marginal inscription mutilated. An appropriated and altered brass, originally representing a man in armour, and wife, of date c. 1445, and closely resembling the brasses at Cheddar, Somerset, to Sir Thomas Cheddar, 1442^ ; West Grinstead, Sussex, to Sir Hugh Halsham and wife, 1441^; and Etchingham, Sussex, to Sir William Echyngham and wife, and their son Sir Thomas, The male effigy, 43 inches in height, has been provided with a new head and shoulders ; the palettes which originally protected the armpits have been partially erased, but can still be easily traced ; additional plates have been added to the breastplate, and the edges of all the various pieces have been invecked and shaded. The taces have been converted into a mail skirt with tonlettis, but on these latter the lines of the taces can still be traced. Plates have been added to the kneepieces, gussets of mail inserted at the insteps, and the pointed sollerets have been rounded. The lion, dagger and sword are untouched except for the addition of some ornamental work to the pommel and chape of the latter. The female effigy is 41^ inches in height. The upper portion, igl" inches, is either a new plate or the old one turned over and re-engraved. The lower is the original plate unaltered except for the addition of some slight shading and the insertion of the long chain and pomander box. The groups of children, and also the shields, judging from their shape, were probably added at the time of the appropria- tion. Of the foot inscription there is no record. The marginal inscription is curious as giving an unusual rendering of the text from Job xix., 25-27, and also as an early instance of the use of the emblems of mortality, each word being divided by a skull and crossbones alternately, and the whole terminating with the 'Engraved in the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. 190 (detail) ; Proceedings Somerset Archaological Society, 3 S., vol. iv., p. 44. - Engraved in the Rev. C. Boutell's ]\Iotiumetital Brasses. ^ Engraved in the Port/olio of the Monumental Brass Society, No. V., pi. 3. 154 initials W. C. A fragment of this inscription bearing the words "visuri sumus" was loose in 1845, but has since been lost; on the reverse were the words " [A] ugusti mense Kam,"^ from which it appears probable that the original inscription has simply been reversed. The brass has been fully discussed in the Architectural Guide to the Neighbourhood of Oxford, pp. 251-263 ; Proceedings of the Oxford Society for Promoting the Study of Gothic A rchitecture, Easter Term, 1845, pp. 5, 6, 22-29 ) Journal of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i., pp. 1 16-120; and is engraved in the Architectural Guide, p. 253 ; Proceedings of the Oxford Society, S'C, p. 25 ; The Oxford Manual for the Study of Monumental Brasses, p. 16 ; The Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. 44 ; and the Oxford Portfolio of Monumental Brasses, pt. i., pi. 4. RUTLAND. No palimpsest noted in this county. SHROPSHIRE. No palimpsest noted in this county. SOMERSETSHIRE. No palimpsest noted in this county. Engraved in The Proceedings of the Oxford Society for Promoting the Study of Gothic Architecture, Easter Term, 1845, p. 25. The word " Kam" seems to be an error. 155 STAFFORDSHIRE. Clifton Campville. Obverse. Half effigy of a lady (a widow [?] ) in veil head-dress, wimple, kirtle, and mantle, c. 1350-60, on a bracket. The stem, canopy, shields, and marginal inscription lost. The figure with bracket, measuring 25^ inches in height, is engraved in the Rev. C. Boutell's Christian Monuments, p. 139. The slab formerly in the centre of the Chan- cel has recently been shifted into the South Chantry chapel now used as a Vestry. Reverse. A por- tion of the centre of the figure of a large cross-legged knight, c. 1300, in banded mail, with Clifton Campville, Staffs. surcoat fastened About one-twelfth full size. round the waist by a cord. Just above this cord is a fragment of the mail mittens showing that they were slipped ofif the hands and hung down as in the case of Sir Robert de Septvans, at Chartham, Kent. A broad belt with a large buckle encircles the hips and supports the sword, one quillon of which appears. The hawberk is slit in front showing the quilted hacqueton below, and the knee- pieces are richly ornamented with a diaper of foliage work. This figure was probably a " waster " and used up again in the workshop. The brass is now loose in the vestry, both sides of the plate and also the slab are engraved in the Reliquavy, N.S. (1891), vol. v., p. 181. Okeover. This interesting, but much mutilated brass, an excellent example of a palimpsest by appropriation and alteration, may best be considered under two headings, (i) the original memorial as laid down by the Zouch family, and (2) the appropriation and alteration by the Oker family. 156 No. I. The Zouch Memorial. The brass as originally laid down commemorated William, fifth Lord Zouch of Harringworth, and his two wives, Alice Seymour, who died in 1447, and Elizabeth St. John. As will presently appear the brass was laid down soon after the death of his first wife, Alice Seymour. The composition consisted of the figure of Lord Zouch in complete plate armour, bare headed, with his head resting on his helmet, probably once surmounted by his crest, an ass's head, bridled and haltered, a small nick in the dexter boss of the canopy marking one of the ass's ears. The figure belongs to a well-known type, of which there are good examples at West Grinstead, 1441s and Etchingham, 1444^, both in Sussex. At the feet of Lord Zouch is his famous family badge, an eagle or falcon standing on the branch of a tree raguly. The seal of Lord Zouch appended to a document in the British Museum (Add. Charter, 21,871), dated 1430, bears Quarterly L and IV. Zouch, II. and III. Seymour and Lovel quarterly. The helm is surmounted by the crest, an ass's head, bridled and haltered, and the shield is supported by two eagles or falcons, each standing on a branch raguly.^ The seal of William, fourth Lord Zouch, shows both badge and crest, but that of John la Zouch the crest only. A standard of John la Zouch, temp. Henry VII., has the badge immediately following the cross of St. George in the head of the standard, and the field semy of asses' heads, with the motto VIRTVTE : NON : VI." Lord Zouch's first wife, Alice Seymour, is represented on the dexter side, she wears the small horned head-dress and veil, a kirtle with close-fitting sleeves, and a fur-lined mantle fastened across the breast by a cord with hanging tassels. At her feet are two small dogs with collars of bells. The second wife, Elizabeth St. John, is on the sinister side, her costume is iden- tical® with that of Alice Seymour, except that she is represented with long flowing hair encircled by a narrow fillet. Figures with long flowing hair are generally considered to represent maiden ' Engraved in Boutell's Monumental Brasses of England. '• Reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, pt. 5, pi. 3. ^ This seal is engraved in Proceedltigs of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S., vol. xvii., p. 52, * Engraved Ibid., p. 53. * Messrs. Waller say this figure has "a gown with loose hanging sleeves," but this is not the case. 157 ladies, but occasionally married ladies are so represented, as at Wilmslow, Cheshire, 1460,^ Mugginton, Derbyshire, c. 1475^ and Tattershall, Lincolnshire, 1479.'' The effigy of Anne of Bohemia, queen of Richard II., in Westminster Abbey Church,^ and that of one of the wives of John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester, 1470, in Ely Cathedral Church,'* show the same peculiarity. The canopy is a fine triple one with embattled cornice below the figures. On the main finials are shields of arms, and from the evidence afforded by these it is possible to identify the second wife. Of the three shields below the figures there is no record, as they were entirely renewed by Oker in 1538. The marginal inscription can only be partially recovered, the fragments read thus : + ^it iaceitt CLclUllmcf 3Dngf %(\ 50uc[l)] , . CL<^(^(Z.° Ct 2Dna Alicia [uror zim filia] } l)[nTef y^ili] \sm tic ^e^mo>^ [m] .... que obiit rrf [Hije [meii]0' JwMi ^° tiiti a^° <^<Z(t<^ [ribii] €€■"" ^mf aiab? p'picictur titm ^[nten] The words in brackets, now lost, are from a rubbing in the collection of the late Sir A. Wollaston Franks, and now in the possession of the Society of Antiquaries of London. This inscription is valuable as giving the date of the death of Alice Seymour. It also shows that three dates were intended to be recorded, but two of these were never filled in. To return to the heraldry, the most interesting piece of evidence in relation to the persons commemorated by this brass appears on the two shields on the main finials of the canopy. These shields are a hoiiche, long and somewhat narrow, approach- ing the square shape, with the outlines produced by a series of concave lines. On brasses they are early examples of this form of shield, but instances occur on seals at this date and even earlier. The shield on the centre finial is divided into three coats per pale : the centre Zouch, gules, hezanty and a quarter ermine ; the ' Engraved in Boutell's jMonuinental Brasses of England. ' Engraved in Archa:ologual Journal , vol. xxxi., p. 375; and J. C. Cox, Churches of Derbyshire, vol. iii., p. 218. ^ Engraved in Gough's Sepulchral Moniitnents, vol. ii., pi. xcviii., p. 267. * Engraved in Gough's Sepulchral Alonumenls, vol. i., pi. ixii., p. 163. ' Ibid., vol. ii., pi. Ixxxix., p. 226. iS8 dexter Seymour, argent, two chevrons gides, quartering Lovel, or, semy of crosses-crosslet, a lion rampant azure ; ^ the sinister St. John of Bletso, as in the next shield to be described. The shield on the sinister finial contains a very curious com- pound coat of St. John of Bletso. It is divided perfess, and the upper part again divided per pale, with the arms of Beauchamp of Bletso : gules, on a fess between six martlets or, a mullet sable pierced of the second, on the dexter ; and those of Patshull of Bletso : argent, a fess between three crescents gules on the sinister. The lower half of the shield is completely filled with the coat of St. John of Bletso : argent, a bend gules, on a chief of the last two midlets or pierced of the second.^ The shield on the dexter side appears to have been renewed by Oker in 1538. Its loss is much to be re- gretted, but it may fairly be assumed to have borne Seymour, as in the dexter impalement of the centre shield. William, fifth Lord Zouch of Harringworth, succeeded to the barony on the death of his father in 1415, made proof of age in 1423,^ and was summoned to Parliament from 1425 to 1462, in which year he died. His first wife was Alice, only daughter and heiress of Richard, Lord St. Maur or Seymour, by Mary, daugh- ter and heiress of Thomas Pever, of Toddington, Bedfordshire, and widow of John Broughton.'* She was a posthumous child, born on the 24th of July, 1409, in the house of Thomas Cressy, citizen and mercer of London, in the parish of St. Lawrence, Cripplegate, and there baptised.' She made proof of age in 1423, being then married to Lord Zouch,'' by whom she had two sons and two daughters, and, as the inscription tells us, died on the 2ist of July, 1447. Lord Zouch's second wife was Elizabeth, a daughter of Sir Oliver St. John of Bletso, by Margaret, daughter and heiress of John Beauchamp of Bletso.'' She survived him, and afterwards ' The arms of Lovel were quartered by Seymour through the marriage of Sir Nicholas de St. Maur with Muriel, daughter and heiress of Richard Lovel, Baron Lovel of Gary. This quartered shield of Seymour is shown on the seal of Lord Zouch. - These two shields are engraved in the Proceedings of the Society of Anti- quaries, 2 S., vol. xvii., p. 55. ^ Calendarium Inquisitionum post mortem (Ed. 1828), vol. iv. , p. 82. ^ G. E. C's Complete Peerage, vol. vii., p. 24, under St. Maur. ■' Ibid., and Banks' Z>^;'wa«/ and Extinct Peej-age, vol. ii., p. 518, from a pedigree of St. Maur on the claim of Sir Gecil Bishop to the barony of Zouch of Haryngworth, before the House of Lords {Sessions Papers, vol. viii., p. 259). ^ Calendarium Inquisitionum post mortem (Ed. 1828), vol. iv., p. 82. ' Harl. MS. 1074, printed in Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica, vol. vi., p. 213 ; G. E. C.'s Complete Peerage, vol. vii., p. 86, under Scrope of Bolton. 159 married, as his second wife, John le Scrope, fifth baron Scrope of Bolton, K.G. She was living in 1489, when she is mentioned in a petition of John, seventh Lord Zouch, for a partial reversal of his attainder, as " Elizabeth, wife of John Scroupe, Knt., Lord Scroupe of Bolton, grandmother of the said Lord Zouch." ^ To understand the St. John shield, it is necessary to carry the pedigree of this family a step back. Roger Beauchamp of Bletso, who died in 1379-80, married Sybil, one of the daughters and a co-heiress of William de Patshull, and through her inherited the Bletso property. His great-grandson, John Beauchamp, married Edith Stourton, and left two children, a son, John, who died young and unmarried, and a daughter, Margaret, who, on the death of her brother, became heiress to the estates, and carried them by marriage to Sir Oliver St. John of Bletso, by whom she had three daughters, Edith, Mary, and Elizabeth, and two sons, John and Oliver. On the death of Sir Oliver St. John, his widow married John Beaufort, first Duke of Somerset, and by him had an only daughter, who subsequently became the mother of King Henry VH. Margaret's third husband was Lionel, Lord Wells. That the brass commemorated Lord Zouch and his first wife Alice Seymour, is proved without doubt from the fragments of the inscription, but until the discovery of the arms on the two shields there has been an uncertainty as to the identity of the second female figure. This uncertainty is now removed, as the heraldic evidence proves the figure to represent Elizabeth St. John, second wife and subsequently widow of Lord Zouch. From the costume of the figures and from the general style the drass must have been laid down within a very few years from the death of the first wife, and it may be that the second wife chose to have herself represented with long flowing hair, in order to show that she was the living, or possibly the younger in point of years. Where the brass was originally laid down and how it came into the possession of the Oker family the writer has been unable to discover, but possibly it formed part of some monastic spoil purchased by Humphrey Oker and converted to his own use. No. 2. The Oker Memorial. The Zouch brass, still in its original slab, having passed into the possession of the Oker family, was now converted into a ' Rottili ParlianientorHm, vol. vi., p. 424. i6o memorial for Humphrey Oker, Esq., who died in 1538, his wife Isabel, a daughter of John Aston, Esq., and their thirteen children. The canopy remained untouched except that two of the shields were reversed, the notch a louche skilfully filled up, and the Oker arms in the one case, and those of Oker and Aston impaled in the other, engraved on the plates. The third shield seems to have been renewed or perhaps rubbed down and the Zouch charges completely obliterated, it was also broken at the upper dexter corner, so a new piece was brazed on, and the impaled arms of Oker and his wife engraved on the reverse. The new corner piece was cut out of a larger figure and shows lines of drapery.^ With regard to the figure of Lord Zouch, portions of the body armour were cut away and a tabard charged with the Oker arms made in the indent thus created. The upper part of the helmet with its crest was removed, or may have been previously lost, and the Oker crest — an oak tree eradicated — together with the word ^ktV substituted. This crest is cut out of an older shield bearing a cross fleury between two martlets in chief, perhaps the part of a shield with the arms attributed to Edward the Con- fessor.^ The lower part of the helmet belongs to the original figure, and strangely enough the Zouch badge was allowed to remain at the feet of figure. The lady on the dexter side remained unaltered and passed as Isabel Oker, but the lady with the long hair on the sinister side was not wanted, so her figure was reversed, and thereon were engraved the Oker children in three rows, each child with its name beneath. SDotorat^e The head and shoulders of the figure were filled up with the impaled shield of Oker and Aston placed on an oak tree, together with an inscription stating the shield to represent %\\t armH0 of iSDker anti Sl^ton ' See Portfolio of The Monumental Brass Society, pt. ix., pi. 6. Reverse of shield B. ^See Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, pt. ix. pi. 6. Reverse of Oker crest. ^Wn Eoffirr laauf il^icola^ 3ol)n Eob't ^illm C5om0 i6i It may also be noticed that the heads of the small dogs at the lady's feet have been filed off. The shields below the figures appear to have been wholly renewed. The centre one bears the arms of Oker, and the other two, Oker impaling Aston. The one and a half now remaining are cut out of some large figure and show lines of drapery on the reverse.^ The marginal inscription was simply reversed piece by piece and re-engraved for Oker. It is imperfect, but the following remained about 1855 : + i^fre unticr tljp0 jstottc l^etlj b €)feer t^qii'^tt mmt^mt Eorti of €)ker aitu 31 Cabell \^^& topfe Uotoff^ter of Joljix ^0to t&qn^tv $ 2Dame (Elefabet^ 1)^0 tD^fe tlje toljiclje ^umf tieceefs^ti tljc ia*b tia^ of SiT^vcU tlje ^crc of our lorti gfouleis $ ^U crieftcn efoul' 3^11 Ijaue m'ci ante The arms of Oker are Ermine, on a chief gules three bezants ; and those of Aston argent a fess and in chief three lozenges sable. About the year 1857 the whole brass was stolen from the church, and the fragments which were recovered were mostly broken into pieces ready for the melting-pot. In all, fifty-five pieces were rescued, but the interesting armed figure from the centre had disappeared, and no trace of it has since been found. The figure of one lady was recovered perfect, but only about two-thirds of the other, and that in twenty-one pieces. The canopy and inscription were also broken up, but the majority of the former, and eleven pieces of the latter, as well as the three shields from the finials, and one shield and half a shield from the lower part were saved. All the fragments were for many years preserved in the neighbouring hall, but in 1897 the present repre- sentative of the Oker family had them securely fixed to an oak board and replaced in the church, the palimpsest parts being no longer visible. The original slab, formerly in the chancel, disappeared some years ago during a " restoration." A beautiful plate of the brass as the Oker memorial, but with the inscription very imperfect, is included in Messrs. Wallers' Series of Monumental Brasses. The brass has also been reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, pt. ix. pi. 4, the Zouch memorial ; pi. 5, the Oker memorial; pi. 6, as in 1897; and in the Portfolio of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, pt. i. pi. 6, the Oker memorial ; pi. 6a, the palimpsest portions. ' Iduf. Reverse of shields C and D. l62 SUFFOLK. Ampton. Obverse. A lady, c. 1490, facing to the dexter and slightly mutilated. She wears a butterfly head-dress and a gown edged and trimmed with fur, open at the neck and with close-fitting sleeves. Height of effigy 12 inches. Reverse. A portion of the lower half of the figure of another lady, c. 1470, in gown edged and trimmed with fur and having full sleeves. Probably a "waster " from the workshop. Now fastened to Ampton, Suffolk. ^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ One-quarter full size. Bury St. Edmunds, St. Mary, Obverse. Inscription to WiUiam Fairclyffe, 1600. Size of plate, 17x3 inches. Local. ^ecuntiec Ipetf) t^e boDp of ^lilliam ffaircl^ffe ^B^ 1600 of bur^ ^t c^timuutisf ^e liieti t^e xxii of a^arcfj The engraver having miscalculated the spacing has interpolated the date between the two lines. Reverse. A portion of another inscription to Eleanor Wynn, c. 1400 (?) ^k mzt (Elianora ?L21^nn quontiam ur . . . . que obiit rb bir mtmi^ martii a° bni Sl^° Loose in the vestry in 1903. i63 COOKLEY. Obverse. William Broune, 1587, buried in *' Reindam " church, and wife Margery, 1594, with 4 sons, 4 daughters, and foot inscription; their son, Richard, placed the memorial in 1595. Nave floor. Reverse. So far as at present known only the plate, 6x5 inches, bearing the daughters is palimpsest, having on the reverse a fragment of an English inscription of about the same date as the obverse : HERE LIETH .... GENTILMAN . . . FRANCIS SCRO . . . Probably a " waster." Denham. Obverse. Anthony, third son of Sir Edmund Bedingfield, 1574, with foot inscription. Size of figure, 24^ inches ; of inscrip- tion-plate, 2 if X 3 inches. Reverse. The late Rev. C. R. Manning made the following communication to Notes and Queries, 5 S., vol. xii. (Nov. 29, 1879), p. 428 : — " In Denham Church, Suffolk, is the brass of Anthony Bedingfield, 1374. The plate is two feet in height and represents him in a gown. This brass was stolen a few years ago, but has now been fortunately recovered and replaced. It is found to be (so to speak) a palimpsest. The reverse is the extreme lower portion of a much larger Flemish brass, representing the feet and flowing robes of apparently three persons, with part of an inscription : Hie iacet dopnus Jacobus Wegheschede natus de bergis monachus professus T . . . sacerdos huius monasterii qui obiit " At each end of the inscription is a small coat of arms, viz. I. and IV. apparently, ermine, three lozenges (the ermine spots nearly as large as the lozenges), II. and III. chequy (of nine 1 64 squares). From the lettering and drapery it does not appear to be much earlier than 1500." The brass is on the Chancel floor, but the palimpsest is now fastened down and the writer has been unable to see any rubbing. Hadleigh. Obverse. Inscription in twenty English verses to Rowland Taillor, D.C.L., rector of Hadleigh, and martyr, 1555. Brass engraved c. 1560 (?). Size of plate, 22 J X 15^ inches. Mural. North Chapel. (Bloria in alti^gfimigf \ito ^t Kotolann 'ZITaiUor^ fame g 0\}t'oit an txczUtnt SDeti^nir Sin\i 2Doctor of tiic Cibill latoe a preacher rare anti t^m l^in^t ^enrpe anti I^inge CUtoarli' Ua^egf preacfier anli pardon Ijcre ^\iat gate to (I3oti cont^nuall praise anti kept lji0 flocke in feare ianti for tl)e trutlje ronuempneti to Upe ^e toajEf in fierce flame ?lflli^ere Ije receiteti pac^entlie die torment of t^e efame anti 0trong:lie gfuffreli to t^entie CLQll)ic!je matie tfie 0tanner0 b^ %tio^cc in (Eoti to gfee t^eire frentie anti paeftor 00 to ti^e <SD Caillor toere t^ie m^g^tie fame ^prig^tlH l)fee inroltie ^l)ie SDeeUe^ te^erbe tijat tlii0 gooti name toere jsip^ereli iitvt in goltie. ^biit anno tini. 1555. Reverse. A portion of a large Flemish brass, c. 1500, showing the head, shoulders, and hands of a civilian, with a richly diapered background of foliage work. On the upper left-hand side is the lower portion of a figure in a long flowing robe, i65 probably part of an angel who may have been supporting a shield above the man's head. Immediately below this figure is the head and a portion of the stem of a cross. The outer Hadleigh, Suffolk. Reverse of Inscription to Rowland Taillor. About one-fifth full size. border, of which a small fragment remains, appears to have carried the inscription on a long-curved scroll, the bottoms of two letters may be seen at the top left-hand corner, the space between the curves being filled with foliage. The civilian is represented with long curly hair and wears an embroidered doublet with a chain round his neck and a gown faced with fur. Both sides of the plate are engraved in Proceedings Suffolk Institute of Archeology, vol. iii. p. 6i. Halesworth. Obverse. An inscription, mutilated, to John Browne, of Hales- worth, who died August 23rd [1581J, aged 80 years and 25 weeks ; by his only wife he had 6 sons and [10] daughters, he had also 65 grandchildren, 54 being alive at the time of his death. Size of plate in its present condition, ii| x 6^ inches. i66 ^tve l^n^ 31ol)n Brotone ot ^allt^ qupet Ipte anH tiieti tlje rriij of ^uju of t!)affe of %dBdB^ ^ear^jS anti 3^5BF toea , . . . U^ om\^ toiffe toitl) tofiom |)c l^beD pearegf anti ffite monetljcef 0ir tiaug:f)trr0, i)e liauti al0o Ut ffran liiii toere libing:e at tl)e tia^e of I) Reverse. A portion of a large Flemish brass of early sixteenth century date, with part of a figure of a civilian, a diapered back- ground and a fragment of the marginal inscription, it 0tCVt . , . , with an outer border of foliage. Now fixed on a hinge on the wall of the South Aisle. This inscription together with the upper part of a lady, a group of Halesworth, Suffolk. Reverse of Inscription. About one-fourth full size. six sons and a mutilated group of ten daughters, no doubt the wife and children of John Browne, were recovered from the river Waveney in 1825 as recorded in the following modern inscription : " These brasses were dragged out of the river Waveney in the year 1825, at a spot called the ' roaring arch ' at the second bridge on Earsham dam ; and fell into the hands of Rev^- S. Blois Turner, by whom they have been restored." SURREY. Betchworth. A shield, 52 x 4f inches, found amongst rubbish in the churchyard, but now in the British Museum. For many years it 1 6; was in the possession of the late Mr. Albert Way who communi- cated the following note to the Archcsological Journal, vol. xii. p. 293 : " Impressions from a palimpsest brass escutcheon, found in a very decayed condition, amongst rubbish in the churchyard of Betchworth, Surrey. The two faces of this plate are here represented. The more ancient, possibly engraved about the commencement of the fifteenth century, presents a merchant's mark, composed of the letter H, terminating at top in two streamers, which cross so as to re- Palimpsest Shield from Betchworth, , , -rxr t^, „ ' semble a W. The up- oURRKY About one-fourth full size. strokc is traversed by a bar terminating in a cross at one end, and at the other in a symbol of frequent occurrence in these marks, which bears resemblance to the Arabic numeral 2. " The obverse of the escutcheon found at Betchworth presents the bearing of the Fitz-Adrians, who held the manor of Brockham in the parish of Betchworth, under the Warrens. In the Visitation of Surrey by Clarencieulx, temp. Henry VIII. (Harl. MS. 1561, p. 3),' the arms of Adryan, Lord of Brockham, are given thus : Arg., two bars nehiUy sa., a chief cheqiiy ov and az. The chief was doubtless derived from the Warrens, whose feudal tenant, the Fitz-iVdrians, or Adyans, appear to have been. The fashion of the escutcheon here represented, however, is of much later date than the time when the male line of the Adrians failed, according to the statement in Manning and Bray's History of Surrey, vol. ii. pp. 209, 211, namely, between 1356 and 1378, when Thomas Frowick, who married the heiress, succeeded them, *' The south side of the chancel at Betchworth has belonged from time immemorial to the manor of Brockham, and the plate may have been one of several coats afBxed to some memorial of the Frowicks, there interred." The charge on the obverse side is clearly, Vair. a chief chequy. Both sides of the plate are engraved in the Archcuological Journal, as above ; Gentleman's Magazine, vol. xliii. N.S. 1855, p. 270; and Surrey Archaological Collections, vol. xv. p. 28. ' .See P't'si'/ations of Surrey, Harleian Society, vol. xliii. p. 229. i68 Camberwell St. Giles. I. Obverse. Inscription to Edward, son of John Scott, Esq., 1538. Size of plate, 2oi x 2f inches. €)f [^o»^ cl)arite p'^' for f jsoullc] of Ctitoarli ^cott on of ^f lEfoneef of ^Joljir ^cott (E^quier toijicljc Ctibjarti nece^gf^li ^^ ,ia*u*t1i tia^ of »)eptlbc ano tini 9^°tmfxxx\}im [on to^ogfe gioulle $ all x^tw jsouir 3||u l)aue merc^e]. The words in brackets have been defaced, but so Hghtly as to be easily legible. Reverse. Composed of two pieces of brass, one, 4 inches in length, is blank, the other, i6i inches in length, is a portion of an inscription to John Ratford, citizen and glover. The fragment reads thus : ^iz iacet 3Jol)' Katforn €ini^ tt Cirot obiit xxix° tiie meit0' ^eptembci^ tm\X9i ai . . . . Cirot . . . = cirotecarius or chirothecarius, a glover, from chirotheca, a glove or gauntlet. There is no date on the fragment, but the style of lettering places it in the last half of the fifteenth century. Of John Ratford himself the writer has been unable to find any information. The brass is now in a hinged oak frame on the back of the choir stalls on the North side. II. Obverse. An inscription and shield of arms to Margaret,, daughter of Matthew Keleatt, gent., of Surrey, and wife of John Dove, by whom she had five sons and four daughters, and died on April 22, 1582. The inscription, i6| x 5 inches, is as follows: ^zu l^rtlje bur^eti tl)e Boti^ of Q^argarrt 2Dobe topfe to 3Ioljix 2Dobe tiaug^ter of S^atljeto I^eleatt of ^ucrcp (gentleman, anti l)ati 3|00ue h^ t^e jefaiti 31ol)n t) ^ounesf ann iiij 2Dauo:ljter0 $ Ueceagf^en tit xxH na^e of ^prill ^nito tiomini 1582 The shield, 6J x sk inches, bears the arms of Dove, Per chevron (az.) and (vert) three doves volant {arg.), impaling Keleatt or Kellet {arg.), on a mound [vert) a hoar passant [sa). 169 Reverse. This inscription and shield of arms are cut out of portions of a large Flemish brass of very late fifteenth or early sixteenth-century work. The inscription consists of a portion of an ornamental border containing two small figures of monks as Palimpsest Inscription, Camberwell, Surrey. About one-fourth full size. " weepers," and a portion of a Latin inscription on a scroll with a twisted end. Only four words remain, as follows : ^10 + bino + mtwQt + »)tcuuti' The background is filled with a diaper of foliage work. The shield shows a mere fragment of a figure. The ground- work is divided into large squares, and resting on this is a naked foot and the endof some drapery, most probably a portion of a figure in a shroud. The base and portion of a shaft of a canopy also appear. An early example of a brass of this type occurs in the Cathedral at Bruges, to Joris de Munter and wife, 1439. It is figured in the Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monu- mental Brasses of the Continent of EtiYOpe, p. 25. In the church of St. Jacques, in the same city, is another to James and Kateline Bave, 1464, and at Lubeck is one as late as c. 1550, to two unknown persons. The brass is now in a hinged oak frame on the back of the choir stalls on the North side. The reverses are figured in Surrey Archaological Collections, vol. xv. p. 31. Palimpsest Shield, Camberwell. About one-third full size. 170 Cheam. A man in armour with collar, c. 1480, and two shields. Wife and inscription lost. This may be the much-worn brass mentioned by Lysons, with small effigies of John Yerde, who died in 1449, and wife Anne, who died in 1453. If so, it must have been laid down some years after the date of their death, for the costume certainly points to a date between 1475 and 1480. One of the shields, 3f x 3J inches, is palimpsest, on the ohvevse m m\ w it bears the arms of CouRTENAV Jill ^1 1| WXi^ impaling Yerde. On the reverse F^ Bi I I . ' is a merchant's mark of simple design which may be intended to form the initials of T.H. This has now been fastened down, the small figure of the man and the two shields having been inlaid in a new stone. Both sides of the shield are illustrated in Surrey Archaological Collections, vol. iii. p. 339. Cheam, Surrey. About one-third full size. II. Thomas Fromondes, Esq., 1542, in civil dress, and wife Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of John Yerde, Esq., with six sons and four daughters, all kneeling, a representation of the Holy Trinity, an inscription, and three shields of arms, two of which are lost. The whole of this brass is palimpsest, being made up of various fragments. These are respectively lettered A, B, C, &c., on the accompanying illustration. A. Obverse. The representation of the Trinity. Reverse, Two hands issuing from clouds and holding a heart, inscribed : 31 ^C ^Sft ^lllOC 1110'. This is again encircled by a scroll, inscribed: libera me line tie morte and in the upper angles are the words, ^I^U Itt'e^. B. Obverse. Shield of arms, with Fromondes quartering Ellenbridge and impaling Yerde. Reverse. A fine early shield bearing the arms of the See of Lincoln. Oou0l}tn^Hnirl)fperof |otrti'pt?itr<?liiitp?r\i)ini1if Gliomas' ^frrlTpiJiJie! Obverse of Brass to Thomas Fromondes, Cheam, Surrey. 172 C. Obverse. The figure of Thomas Fromondes. Reverse. The right elbow, hands, and lower portion of a lady kneeling at a desk. The girdle with its long pendent end is well shown. D. Obverse. The figure of Elizabeth Fromondes. Reverse. The lower portion of the kneeling figure of a civilian with long gown and rosary hanging from belt. E. Obverse. The four daughters. Reverse. A few engraved lines making the outline of a face, probably only scratching on a waste piece of brass. F. Obverse. The six sons. Reverse. A small piece of canopy work with about three- quarters of the figure of St. John the Evangelist. G. Obverse. The inscription. Reverse. The greater part of a shrouded figure of a man. All the fragments, with the exception of the arms of the See of Lincoln, may be dated between 1500 and 1520. The shield bearing the arms of Lincoln is much earlier, probably about 1420. The brass is now hung in a wooden frame so that both sides can readily be examined. It is preserved with the other brasses and monuments in the Lumley Chapel, the only part of the old church now remaining. In the Stirrey Archceological Collections, vol. iii. pp. 340, 342, are lithographs, full size, of the obverses and reverses of A. and B., and at p. 342 is a woodcut of the figure of St. John, Both sides of the brass are reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, part iv. pi. 5, and in the Surrey Collections, vol. xv. p. 33. III. An inscription to Bartholomew Fromondes, " nuper de Cheym," 1579, with two shields. The two shields, 5^ x 4^ inches, are palimpsest, having on the obverse the arms of Fromondes, and on the reverse another coat charged with two bends. Both are alike. The shields are now fastened down, having, together with the inscription, been inserted in a new stone. COBHAM. Obverse. A man in armour, c. 1550, bareheaded, and with long beard. Nothing is known of the person commemorated by 173 this brass, but it has sometimes been attributed, on the authority of Manning and Bray,' to one James Sutton, " bayle " of the lordship, who died in 1530. The figure is 24I inches in height. Palimpsest Brass at Cobham, Surrey, c. 1550 and c. 1510. About one-eighth full size. Reverse. The greater part of a priest, c. 1510, in eucharistic vestments holding a chahce and wafer ; the former, which is of large size, is inscribed on the bowl with the words CECitO lit 311'^^' and the latter bears the word 3Il)i2f. The brass is fixed with movable screws to a pillar in the South Aisle. Both sides of the plate are engraved in Brayley and Britton's History of Surrey, vol. ii. 408 ; the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. xlvi. ; and the Surrey Archcsological Collections, vol. xv. p. 34. ' History of Surrey, vol. ii. p. 738, " In the chest is preserved a brass with the figure of a man bare-headed, long beard : Of your charite pray for the soulles of James Sutton tytne bayle of this Lordeshippe and Mawde his ivyfe which the xii day of fuly y' yer of o'' Lord God M. V'^xxx. and the sayd M the day of the yer of our Lord God M, V^ ," This inscrip- tion is now lost. 174 HORLEY. On the floor of the Chancel, but removed from the North Aisle, is the large and fine brass of an unknown lady, possibly some member of the Salaman family. The figure measures 4 feet 6| inches in height, and stands under a fine single canopy, the size of the whole composition being 7 feet 7 inches x 2 feet 5 inches. The lady is represented wearing a large horned head- dress and veil, an undergown with turned-back collar and full sleeves gathered into a broad band at the wrists, a high-waisted overgown also with a turned-back collar and very large surplice sleeves. Round her neck is a small collar of SS. with a trefoil- shaped fastening. The date is c. 1420. At the feet of the figure, on her right-hand side, was originally the small figure of a child, most probably her son, but this is lost ; the only indications left being the rivets which held the figure, the small mound upon which it stood, the indent of one foot upon the lady's gown, and the square cut in the folds of the dress for the bottom of the tunic. A similar instance of a son standing besides his mother occurs on the fine brass to Lord and Lady Camoys, 1419, at Trotton, in the adjoining county of Sussex. The original inscription, measuring 23 x 5| inches, together with two shields between the pinnacles of the canopy, is lost. At some period or another, possibly in 1516, another inscription has been added at the feet of the figure, so that it now purports to represent one Joan, the wife of John Fenner, gent., who died in 1516. This later inscription, measuring 18 x 5^ inches, reads thus : €)t ^0"^ cljarite pra^ far tljc efoulc of "^oltan ffeniur latt to^f of "^oin ffennec jycnt' tD^ic!)e 3Io5an necegfefeli t^e ii tia^ of 31wlp ni t^^ jere of our ^orU Sl^°t)a*bi on to!)O0e 0oule 3^11 Ijauc mercp aimn. Strictly speaking, this brass should not be classed as a palimpsest, because there is an absence of proof as to the date at which the the Fenner inscription was placed below the figure. If placed there in 1516, it is a palimpsest in the sense of appro- priation ; but, on the other hand, the inscription may have been throwing about loose in the church, and have been placed it its present position through ignorance. The figure of the lady, together with the canopy, but without the Fenner inscription, is reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monu- mental Brass Society, part iii, pi. 4. '75 ■ Sanderstead. I. Obverse. A group of ten sons, c. 1520, now placed above the inscription to Nicholas Wood, 1586, but probably belonging to the brass of John and Dyones Awodde, 1525. Size of plate, 6f X 5^ inches. Reverse. This shows a few lines of drapery only, and it is im- possible to give a more exact definition as the rubbing, the only one known to the writer, in the Collection of the Society of Antiquaries is very poor and unsatisfactory. The brass has been relaid in a new stone on the Chancel wall and the palimpsest part fastened down. II. Obverse. Inscription to Nicholas Wood, third son of John at Wood, of Sanderstead Court ; he served Queen Elizabeth since the second year of her reign and died in 1586, leaving a wife and nine children, viz., Harmon, John, Nicholas, Thomas, James, John, Richard, Alice and Suan probably intended for Susan. Size of plate, 18 x 5^ inches. ^tu l^etf) il^pcljolas ^ooti t^t tljirtic cfoitite of J^a^n at ^ooti of ^auiiticr^tcti Cocte tnljo jscrbcti ^wzm CUjabrtlj mw^s tlje 0cconti ['care of ijcr Ea^ite $ t!fmi0£fen tljc ili/td of ^aj^' 1586, anti Icftc bcljinut Ijim a toife aiili cljillircix ix, bi^ 0oitiiie> : i^acmoii 31ol)u. iliicljola^, ^Ijomef, 3amc0, 31oijn. Eicljarti, a.llief anti »)uan Reverse. Another inscription to Nicholas Pury, Esq,, a mem- ber of the Middle Temple, 1585. rb tiie ^arcii ann° mi 1585. ClauDituc l)oc tcmplo i^icolaim ^ur^nijs Ijcrocf anniffcr zt ^empU qui mctiii 0ociu0 ecat Bcati qui in SDomino moriuutur. As the dates on the two inscriptions so nearly coincide it may be surmised that the inscription to Nicholas Pury was rejected for some reason or another and became a " waster," soon to be reused. This plate has been relaid in a new stone on the Chancel wall and the palimpsest part fastened down. Of the latter there is a rubbing m the Collection of the Society of Antiquaries. 176 III. Obvevse. Inscription, now lost, to Henry Pollestede, gent., of Pirllew, citizen and merchant-tailor of London, 1556. An impression preserved in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries shows the plate as broken at one end. In its muti- lated state it measured 16 x 5 inches. The missing words are given by Aubrey, in his History of Suvrey, vol. ii. p. 74, and are here shown in brackets : ^tu Eeeftitlje f boti^e of ^enr^e ^ollegfte [tie late] oC pirlletD gcntilma ^omtj^me 'tim^tiw i m[acc^ant] taj^lor ot iloiitio tuljiclj !l^enr^e neptptie i^^ i*r[b Uape] of tieceber ^ii° ^,V'%V% o toljojse gfoule Jlju [Ijaue merc^]. Reverse. According to Manning and Bray's History of Surrey, vol. ii. p. 576, this consisted of another inscription to William Bycklay, who died in 1467. The inscription is thus given by these authors : Bycklay Wiirmics facet hie sub tnarmore victus Et hie regimen p' quo rogo funde p'cani^ Anno post B : : d'ni hie migrat ab urbe MLXV. C. dni quater ij simul adde- In vol. iii., Appendix, p. 158, is the following note: "On looking over the effects of the Parish Clerk, who died suddenly, his friends found in his house the plate which had been on Pollestede's gravestone broken in two. It was afterwards given as a matter of curiosity to Mr. Barnes, who presented it to Mr. Glover. The plate has been returned by Mr. Glover to the church, and is now fixed in a frame, so that both sides of it may be inspected, and it is suspended against the wall." As before stated the plate is now lost. Walton-on-Thames. Hanging on the wall of the Chancel is a board to which is now fastened the brass of John Selwyn, " gent' Keeper of her Ma'is Parke of Oteland' vnder y^ right honorable Charles Howard Lord Admyrallof England," 1587, and wife Susan, with their surviving children, five sons and six daughters. The brass is of an ordinary type ; but one plate between the heads of the principal figures is of more than usual interest, as it displays a feat of agility performed by John Selwyn at a stag-hunt in the 177 presence of Queen Elizabeth. It is said^ that Selwyn, " in the heat of the chase, suddenly leaped from his horse upon the back No, I.— The Reverse, No, 2.— The Obverse. Palimpsest Plate, Walton-on-Thames, About one-fourth full size. of the stag (both running at that time with their utmost speed), and not only kept his seat gracefully, in spite of every effort of the affrighted beast, but, drawing his sword, with it guided him towards the Queen, and coming near her presence, plunged it in his throat, so that the animal fell dead at her feet," This small plate measuring 8J x 7^ inches, contains two representations of this feat. No, i, thenverse of the plate, shows Selwyn, with a short beard, without hat, and holding with one hand the stag's horns, whilst with the other he plunges the sword into its neck. This side is lightly engraved and appears to have been submitted for approval and rejected. No, 2, now the obverse of the plate, shows a much more spirited representation of the scene. Selwyn wears a hat and cloak, and keeps his seat without holding the horns of the stag. Impressions of both sides of this plate are in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. The brass is also figured, with both sides of this plate, in the Antiquarian Repertory, ed. 1807, vol. i. p. I, and without the pahmpsest portion, in Brayley and Britton's History of Surrey, vol. ii. p. 328 ; Illustrated London News, vol. X. No, 268 ; The Bazaar, Dec, 8th, 1893 ; and the palimpsest plate alone in the Surrey Archceological Collections, vol. xv. p. 38. The original slab, said to have been dug up in the North Aisle, has now disappeared. ' Antiquarian Ref<ertory, vol. i. { ^. I. 178 SUSSEX. Etchingham. Obverse. Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Thomas and Margaret Echyngham, 1452, and Agnes, daughter of Robert Oxenbrigg, 1480, with foot inscription. Size of inscription-plate, 18 X 3I inches. Reverse. According to the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, pt. ii., p. 209, the inscription bears on its reverse another inscription to Thomas Austin, son of Thomas Austin, citizen and mercer of London, 1405. l^ic iacet Tl^oma^ Sinmn filing 'clliome ^u0t[in] quontiam ciui0 et merceri' Eontion qui obiit rrtii[tiie] ttun0' ^aii ^" Dili 9^° €<Z€(l''V cnV axe piciet* tigf [amen] The brass is now in the South Aisle securely fastened down and the writer has been unable to see any rubbing of the reverse or to trace the source of Mr. Haines' information. RODMELL. Obverse. Inscription to John dela Chambre, Esq., 1673. Size of plate, i8| X 3i inches. HERE LYES THE BODY OF JOHN DE LA CHAMBRE ESQ'' WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE 4TH DAY OF DECEMBER 1673. Reverse. Another inscription to John Broke and his wife Agatha, a daughter of John Rademelde, and formerly the wife of Richard Weyvyle.^ Agatha died in 1434, and the inscription states that she and her husband John Broke were benefactors to the church. ^ic iacmt ^oljejs Brofee $ Sfptlja nx' tiu0 fiUa ^oW U Eatiemeltie $ uror imp ]!^m Mc^n^fU, ^ut obiit xi° tiie ^p'ligf ^° nnf 91^°CCCC" xxxiiii. qui multa cotuUt Ijuic ttclit quoc' alali^ ppicift' ticu0. ^mcn. It would appear that the representatives of John de la Chambre annexed a brass already in the church and converted it into his memorial. The plate is now on a hinge on the South wall of the South Chapel. ' The will of Richard Weyvyle, of Rademeld, Sussex, is in P.C.C, Manke 40. 179 TiCEHURST. A large figure, 34|- inches in height, of a man in armour, c. 1370, in bascinet, camail, &c., to which has been added two small figures, 18 inches in height, of ladies in kennel-shaped head-dresses, &c., engraved c. 1510, and an inscription, 24 x 3I inches, to John Wybarne, Esq., who died in 1490, and his two wives Edith and Agnes. The inscription, which may possibly be the one belonging to the early figure turned over and re-engraved, reads thus : €)rate pro ^mn^ 3|ol)i0 (LOlj^barne ^cmig'i (Eliitlje et ^g:neti0 conefoctu 0uarum qui quitiem 31 "^P^ cl^iit ^^^^^ tiecimo W ffebcuarii ^nno Eiffui {sk) Ecffief ^enrict »)eptimi quiuto quorum ^idbuef propicietur ticugf ame Agnes Wybarne, by will dated 20 February, 1502, and proved 25 November, 1503,' desires her body to be buried in the Chancel of Ticehurst church in her husband's grave there, before the image of our Lady, and directs her executors "To bye a con- venient stone to laye upon my husband John Wybarne's grave and myne." The executors seem to have appropriated a stone already in the church, and as this stone contained the figure of an armed man it was easy to add the female figures and the inscription, if, indeed, it is not the old one turned over, and so carry out the instructions of the will. The brass lies on the Chancel floor, and is figured in the Sussex Aychceological Collections, vol. viii., p. 17 ; Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii., p. 224; and The Connoisseur, vol. i., p. 165. WiLLINGDON. Obverse. Inscription to Mr. Robert Parker, third son of Sir Nicholas Parker, of Wallington (error for WilUngdon), died January 18, 1618-19, aged 18. Size of plate, i6|- x 4! inches. Here lyes the body of M"* Robert Parker third sonne to S"" Nicholas P'ker of Wallington K''who died y 22 OF Ian : 1618 being 18 yeares of age. 'P.C.C, 26 Blamyr. i8o Reverse. A portion of another inscription dated April i6, 1618, to an unknown person who died in the seventeenth year of his age. IN ASSVRED HOPE OF A BETTER : THE iG^" OF APRIL 1618. IN THE 17"^" YEAR OF HIS AGE. De Seipso Caelica quae vivo dederat spes guadia (Christo Avspice) iam cum spes desinit esse frvor. Probably a " waster." The plate is fixed on a hinge on the wall of the North Aisle. l8i WARWICKSHIRE. ASTLEY, Obvevse. A broken and mutilated inscription to John Crugge, son of William Crugge, of Exeter, gent., 1533, and wife Barbara. Size of plate in its present condition 20 x 5^^ inches, originally 23I inches in length. [€)f ^^o"^ c]ljarite puii]i' for [» f^otoU' of JoljiX Cntjjffr 0oii [of IcUillm Cruffffc] [Iiitc o]f (Ei'C0t' ffrntilma i Barbara Ijistoif bjljidjc Joljii Cruffffc [nicti ax t^rrc] [fclti I] 11 f Countic of ^iliti f rbii) Da[' of nrmnbcr ^11' Uni W >^' ^^m t [f pere o]f ?'f rcijyu of Iv^'ng li^enrp j>' cigljt lattlj t ^"^ gfaiO Barbara OicD [^'f] [ n]a)' of an° tini 9^° >Jc o toljooc fifouir 311)" Ijaue \\\[i^ a.] The words in brackets are supplied from an old rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. This rubbing is endorsed thus : " This inscription is on a brass plate on the East side of the Nave of Harefield church and the figure is supposed to be under the new boarded floor." The Astley plate exactly corresponds with this rubbing in every detail and must, sometime during the nineteenth century, have been transferred from Hare- field to Astley, the Newdegate family having held property in both places. Lysons, in his Parishes in the County of Middlesex, p. 117, also mentions the tomb of John Crugge as at Harefield, l82 " on the floor of this chapel (Brakenbury) is the tomb of John Crugge, of Exeter, gent., who died in 1533. He married Barbara, daughter of John and Amphelicia Newdegate." Why this plate should have been transferred to Astley remains a mystery, for the church of Harefield is full of Newdegate brasses and tombs. Possibly it became loose and was taken to the house for safe custody, and then removed to the Warwickshire home of the family, when it was placed in Astley church by error, its original home having been forgotten. Reverse. This consists of a portion of the representation of a shrouded skeleton of a woman. The plate has been much cut down, but the lower part of the jaw, the ribs, pelvis, and thigh bones are clearly shown ; parts of the elbow and of the left hand also appear, showing that the arms were held straight to the sides as is usual in this class of figures. The date is c. 1500. The plate is now fixed in a copper frame so as to show both sides. Haseley. Effigies of Clement Throkmorton, Esq., 1573, in armour, and wife Katherine, daughter of Sir Edward Nevell, groups of six sons and seven daughters, five shields and marginal inscription. On a high tomb in the Chancel. So far as is at present known only the sons and a portion of the marginal inscription are palimpsest ; these are now fastened upon hinges so that both sides may be examined. In all probability the remainder of the brass is also largely palimpsest. The group of seven sons, 8;^ x 7 inches, is engraved on two pieces of metal, the smaller strip, 81 x i^ inches, containing the feet of the figures is blank, but on the reverse of the larger piece, 81 X 5f inches, is a mass of pinnacle work from the upper part of a canopy of a large Flemish brass of late fourteenth century date. The strip of the marginal inscription, 22^ x i^ inches, bearing the words SDecember in tljc pcrc of our Eortie (Boti ^i <^<^<^<^<^ is cut out of the lower part of the figure of a civilian, c. 1450, of English workmanship. Portions of the pen- dent end of the girdle and of the fur-lined opening at the bottom of the tunic can just be seen. i83 WESTMORLAND. MORLAND. Obverse. Inscription to John Blythe, vicar for thirty-five years and four days, died January i6, 1562. Size of plate, 2o| x 5 * inches. . 91oljii Blprljc l['brti Ijcrc hvciw of tljic? Cljurdjc bv tljc 0Piifc of rrub pcros * lii) tiapcs anti 3Dcparr)i'ti tijicf Ij'ff tljc ubj Del)' of Jaiuuin' in tljr )'rrc of our lortir cBon iJl^^ cccccluij on loI)O0c clonic Jlju Ijauc m'n' amc ,1iil)ni3lj)tl)iiiJBfti l)rirBpmuot*tl)i!e»<iIiiin1if tin tiir lliiff ti)^,^l3) iiH]i of IrtiuiariLin Wm nf uur toiDr *< <&oiri}| td^sc If q onUiljofrfoule 31311 ijaur^ii aiii? Pammi'sest Inscription, Morlano, Westmorland. About one-fifth full size. Reverse. A portion of a quadrangular plate of English work- manship bearing the figure of a son in armour, bareheaded and a portion of another armed figure, probably the father, as it is much larger in size. Below is a fragment of the inscription : €^ratr pro an .... rt ^j'billr wx. C»biit ill) tiic jfc . . . . The style of the armour fixes the date as c. 1520. In 1894 the brass was loose in the vestry. Both sides of the plate are reproduced in the Transactions of the Cumberland and West- morland Antiquarian and Arch^ological Society, vol, xiii. p. 149. 1 84 WILTSHIRE. West Lavington. I. Inscription, in fourteen English verses, to John Dauntesay, 1559, but quere engraved later, at the same time as No. II. Size of plate, 22 X 11^ inches. On the floor of the Dauntesay Chapel. With this inscription is a figure of John Dauntesay, in armour of the period of his death, it is engraved in E. Kite's Monumental Brasses of Wiltshiye, pi. xxi. The inscription only is palimpsest. Obverse. <3Dnc tljouefantic pcrcsf to^'tlj Ijuntirctiliccf f^'tc anU f^'btec npne full paste 3|ljon 2Dauntc0ap tiiti djaunffc tijis Ipfe for Ipfc tljat still Sljall laste 31n tljc nj'nctrcntl) of 9^a}^c Voljrn springe all tljinges unto mans use (Eben t\}cn tljis man tljat mortall toas, Ijis tieatlje coulUe not refuse l^e Ijati ttoo ^['bes sueeessitel^'e bp Ijol^^ tuetiloekes rigljt ^0 toljom Ije teas as fa^'tljfull as teas eber an?' toigljt ^eben eljilbren Ije Ijab b[' tlje laste. anb b}> tlje f^'rst Ijab f^be '(Iljrouglj bjljom tl)ouo:l) l^'fe be toobe atoa^'e Ijis name remains aljjbe ^e bjas Csquj^er, b[' offiee eafee a "^imitt just also, a proppe to poore. a frenbe to rielje. to none at all a fo. ^0 toljen Ije Ijab spente fort^'e ['eres anb fobjre in bale of bjoe, 2Deatl) strooke, anb stra^'te Ije baas eompellb out of tljiS bjorlbe to pe. 113 is eareas tljen tljat bjas but l\Uu' f" birinlUing bjorm is meate l^is sobjle Ijope 10 bjitlj (Bob posseebes in Ijeaben a Ijeabenlp seate. Reverse. Nine lines of a Dutch or Flemish inscription in black letter recording the penalty for any breach of an agreement in the foundation of a mass at the altar of St. Cornelius in the church of Westmonstre by Adrian Adrianson and the lady i85 Paesschine van den Steyne. Thirty-three lines of this, or of a similar inscription, form the reverse of a brass to the Disney family at Norton Disney, Lincolnsliire, c 1580, and give the date as 15 1 8. The West Lavington fragment apparently preserves the last nine lines of the inscription : heijleghegheestmeesters van Westmonstre ende jndien gijluden daer af in ghebreke varen zoe zal tzelue goet comen opt gilde van sinte Cornelis ouctaer metter zeluer last alst altsamen breeder blijcken mach bii den fondacien daer af zijnde daer af een licht on der den kerckmeesters een onder de heijlegheestmrs een onder den deken ende baleeders van sinte Corne lis ouctaer een onder de vrinden Adriaen adryzeii een ond' de vriende va joncvrauwe paesschine voorfU The following is a translation : " Masters of the Holy Ghost at Westmonstre, and should you [or your people] fail herein, the same property shall lapse to the guild of the altar of St. Cornelius, with the same charge, as may be further seen in the foundation thereof, being one light thereof amongst the churchwardens, one amongst the masters of the Holy Ghost, one amongst the deacons and vergers (?) of the altar of St. Cornelius, one amongst the friends of Adrian Adianson, and one amongst the friends of the lady Paesschine aforesaid." ' For a full account of the foundation of this mass see under Norton Disney, Lincolnshire. II. Obverse. Inscription in twenty English verses to Margaret, daughter of John Ernley, and second wife of John Dauntesay, 1571. On same slab as No. I. Size of plate, 22 x 16^ inches. I^rrrc tiotl) \\\ grnbc uuciTcti b'c a iJl^artynrrt hv niimr. ^f Jljoii 2Daiiiucoa)' tljc laot tort'c a ffcmc of pccrclccf fame. ^i cljiltircit Ofbrii oljc motljcr tuao 00 (15oti tiiti blro^c tljat tiTc ^^at pt efljoultic not fruitlcosc rcmainc but Ijabc po0= xtxxxtt ' See ArchcEological Jouitial, vol. iv. p. 362, and vol. v. p. 160 ; E. Kite's Monuvienlal Brasses of IViltshire, p. 56. i86 Btir \Dljcn tjcatlj prrrot Ijcr Ijoluefcliantic ticcrc, djc pa0t iLvkc turtle trur. of nclj anti poorc ssljr Ijnti anr> Ijatl) tl)C praj'se. '^tocltc j^ereef a loititiotoc 0l)c nin Ij^bc after l)cr l)oto0C= bann npcti, ^£f c|)a0te as eber aim tiili tonljin tljief toorlti mo0t toine. ^ matronc mWtic sljc bja0 most toiere. ju0tc, pnlp. grille. auti 0iig:e, i^cr ivkc, n0 triall truclpe 0ljctDtlj, i& rare in tl)i5 our ag:c. ^Ijc ncljcr turiin atoaj,' l)er care from tl)em tljat a^'tie tiin crabe, l^er ne^'Q:l3bour0 poorc tijat Irbti in tnant rel^e00c of Ijer 0l)objltic Ijabr. Ulje poorr anti romfortclref0c from toronp 0!)c efatti anti tiefentic l^er pram tljertfore tiotl) Ubr anti lastc tfjoug^c life be broiig:l)t to entie. Il^er toealtl) or bertcou0 Ij'fe coulD not Keepe ^er from tiarte of tieatlj. €)f Januarp tlje npneteentlj slje ^eltieti I)er laeft breatlj 3Jn j'ere of oar lor^e a tljotosanUe fpbe Ijuntireli 0ebent[' one, ^!je felte tlje panjueef of 2Deatlj tljat ma^ escljetocti be of none. l9er 0otole toptl) (Boti acfsuretil^' entilejscr jores liotlj fenotoe. i^er botipe 0leepeo ann 00 0l)all rest untill tl)e trumpe tjoe blobje. Reverse. Twelve lines of an inscription in large Roman capitals with the date, 1552, in Arabic numerals. Mary and Douce, daughters of the deceased, caused the monument to be made. IVXII 1552 DIVTVRNA ET PENE TRIENNA [li] EGRITVDINE FRACT' INVICTO TAME ANI [mo] E VIVIS DECESSIT. MARIA AC DVLCIA FIL[i^] AMANTISSIME PIETATIS ERGO MONVMEN [tVM] HOC POSVERE VT ET TV VIATOR HOC TRISTI EXUMPLO COMOTVS FATA ETiA I [n] ANIMO PERPENDENS QVAM NIHIL HIC S [it] FIRMVM AC STABILE DISCAS RERV OMN [IVM] FORE ALIQVANDO VICISSITVDINEM A [c] SPRETIS REBVS MORTALIV DEV IMORTA [LEM] TIMERE. VALE ET PUS TVIS PRECIBVS DEFVNCTVM DEO COMMENDA. This inscription is enclosed on two sides by a plain border ; when perfect it measured about 24 inches in width. The letters in brackets are supplied from Kite's transcript.* Melksham. Inscription and two shields to Ambrose Dauntesey, Esq., 1612, who married Gertrude, daughter of Henry Sadler, Esq., of Everley, and widow of Henry Brouncker, Esq. For many years these plates were in private hands but have now been replaced in the church and let into the north wall of the chancel. So far as is known only the shields are palimpsest, and these, which measure 6| by 5^ inches are now fastened down so that the palimpsest portions cannot be seen. Obverse. Shield No. I. bears the arms of Dauntesey (Gu.), a lion rampant (arg.) grappling with a tvyvern erect (vert), and shield No. n. the arms of Sadler, (Or), a lion rampant per fess (az.) and (gu.). Reverse. Shield No. I. shows the end of a lady's dress and the lower portion of the kneeling figure of a man in armour probably a son, c. 1600. Shield No. H. bears the following fragment of an inscription of about the same date : Apostrophe ad . . . obiit 23" die m . Esse viam latam . . . Ad caelvm ano . . . Hang datvr ir . . . Alma dignat . . . . . TVA mors m . . . Both sides of shield No. I., and the obverse of No. H., are engraved in E. Kite's Monumental Brasses of Wiltshire, p. 82. There are rubbings of obverse and reverse of both shields in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. Salisbury, St. Thomas. John Webbe, mayor in [1561] , died in 1570, and wife Anne, daughter of Nicholas Wylford, citizen and merchant tailor, with three sons and three daughters, three out of four shields, ' J/i»i. Biasses of Wills., p. 57. i88 and a mutilated marginal inscription. Chancel floor. The figures are engraved in E. Kite's Monumental Brasses of Wiltshire, pi. xxii. Mr. Kite, at p. 58, has the following note: "On the reverse [of the border fillet] is a portion of an inscription of much bolder character. The letter here engraved [an F or T] as a specimen was copied by Mr. G. A. Howitt, some years since, when the plate was loose." The letter in question has every appearance of having come from a Flemish marginal inscription. Probably the whole brass is palimpsest. Steeple Ashton. From the Journal of the British Archaological Association, vol. xxi. (1865) p. 192:— "Mr. Irvine called attention to a modern instance of a ' palimpsest ' as it has been usual to term it. It is copper, and is in Steeple Ashton Church and curious for its late date. Mr. Irvine states that on visiting the church he found the tablet loose, and was permitted by the rector to have it cleaned. Copies were taken of both sides before being refixed. On the upper part of the monumental face are engraved a skull and cross-bones, placed on a scroll dividing the words Memento Mori, and beneath is the following in five lines : 'TO THE MEMORY OF DEBORAH MARKS WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE 8th DAY OF MARCH, 1 72O AGED 99 ' "The reverse of the tablet shows that it has constituted and been employed as a copper plate for printing, as on the top is part of an inscription reading ' and the Divil overbalanced by the Bible.' In the middle of the plate is the half of a balance, the scale borne down by the Holy Bible. Beneath the beam are three labels, the first two no doubt, like the last, proceeding from the mouths of figures. They severally read. ' ge hell and fetch more weight .... shall be ruined quite ' — ' If we do not hall our church will fall ' — ' Burn y^ heretick book.' On the left side of the scale are a group of four figures, a crowned and robed queen holding a sword, a sovereign or noble wearing a spiked or eastern crown or coronet, and two mitred bishops. In the background is a building inscribed ' The Church of Eng , , . . ' Beneath are the following : ' Who are all resolved to maintain our rights Against the French Pope, Divill, and all their mights, 1 89 Therefore, good subjects, all with one accord Honour and praise and magnifye the Lord, Who hath preserv'd our gratious Queen to be From Popery a means to set us free. (Sold by S. Farley in Wine Street, Bristoll.) ' " The style of the coarse engraving, taken in connexion with the date of Deborah Marks' death in 1730, would lead one to infer the figures represented to be those of William and Mary (1689-94), as in the latter year Queen Mary died in the month of December of the small-pox." WORCESTERSHIRE. No palimpsest noted in this county. YORKSHIRE. HOWDEN. Obverse. Inscription to Peter Dolman, Esq., of Kilpin, counsellor at law, 1621. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Remington, archdeacon of the East Riding, by whom he had three sons, Richard, Phillip and Timothy. Size of plate, 15I X 5 inches. HERE LYETH THE BODY OF PETER DOLMAN OF KIL PIN ESQVIEK COVNSELLER AT LAW WHO MARRIED ELIZABETH DAVGHTER TO RICHARD REMINGTON CLERKE ARCHDEACON OF THE EAST RIDING IN THE COVNTY OF YORK DECEASED BY WHOM HE LEFT YSSVE THRE BONNES VIZ. RICHARD, PHILLIP AND TIMOTHY DOLMAN WHO DEPARTED OVT OF THIS TRANSITORY WORLD THE XIII DAY OF DE CEMBER ANNO DNl 162I. Reversk ok Inscripi ion, Howden, Yorks. Aljoul one-fourth full si^e. 1 90 Reverse. The central portion of the figure of a civih'an, c. 1520, in gown with deep sleeves lined with fur, and having a gypciere attached to his girdle. The brass is now fastened to the West wall of the South Aisle. Ilkley Museum. Most improperly removed from the parish church and placed in the museum. Obverse. Inscription to William Robinson, 1562, husband to Jennet Robinson, and father and mother to numerous children whose names are set out in the inscription. Size of plate, 15x6 inches. -f WYLLM ROBENSON . LAYT . HVSBAD . TO lENAT ROBENSON . FATHER . AND . MOTHER . TO . THOMA LEARD . LAVRAS . ARTHVR . WILLM . AND . WYLLM AND _ _ RECHARD . FRACES . MARGRET . ELTz . ESABE AND GRACE . lANE . WHOSE . BODE . WAS . BVRIED ANO . DOMINO 1562. A very curious and rough inscription, probably the work of a local blacksmith. The plate is broken at the top and the first few words have been defaced. Reverse. The beginning of another inscription in large bold black letter : ^cpultura 31olji0 lacj^ii .... €t p'bmtiarii^f ^tpl^nigto . . . This is without doubt a portion of the plate marking the burial place of John Reynald, or Raynald, who was prebendary of Stillington, a stall of the cathedral church of York. John Ray- nald was admitted to the prebend of Beckingham, Southwell Minster, on February 5, 1492-3, which he resigned in November, 1494. On the 25th of the same month he was instituted to the prebend of Stillington, York, which he held till the time of his death. On August 24, 1499, he was appointed archdeacon of Cleveland, and died holding this office on December 24, 1506. By his will he left his body to be buried in the cathedral church of York, a stone to be placed over the place of his sepulchre. Both sides of the plate are figured in the Antiquary, vol. xxviii. (1893), p. 61. 191 ROTHERHAM. Obverse. A shield shaped plate, 5^ X 5^ inches, bearing an inscription and coat of arms to Ralph Bullock, Esq., of Unston, 1637. Hie Jacct Rodolphus Bullock De Vnston A rmigeru qui obiit 9" Die Martii An Domini 1637° Arms. Erm., on a chief (gu.) a label of Jive points (or) Bullock. Probably the work of a local engraver, who has most ingeni- ously turned an old shield into a memorial for Ralph Bullock, but has rather blundered in the inscription over the word "armiger" which he has rendered as "armigerum." CllTc Jacil %(fo^fas BuKocK (t)( ^11/fon MtTniqera Out oEii/tg" Palimpsest Shield, Rotmrrham, Yorks. About one-third full size. Reverse. An old shield much worn and defaced, but the out- lines of the charges, except in the case of the Lascelles coat, can easily be made out. It is of sixteenth century date and bears the arms and quarterings of the Melton family, viz. : Quarterly I, {Az.), a cross patonce {arg.) Melton. II. (Gii.), three liicies hauriant in fess {arg.) Lucy. III. Quarterly i and 4. (illegible, but no doubt originally Arg., three chaplets gu. Lascelles). 2 and 3- {Arg.) two bars {az.), a Jleur-de-lys in fess for difference. Hilton IV. Quarterly i and 4. {Arg.), a boar passant {gu.) Verli (?). 2 and 3. {Arg.), a helmet {gu.) Kilham (?). The brass is now on a hinge and attached to the wall near the south pier of the chancel arch. Both sides of the plate are reproduced in the Yorkshire Archcvological Journal, vol. xv. p. 42. 192 Scarborough Museum. In the museum of the Scarborough Philosophical and Archaeological Society. Found in 18 10 on St. Nicholas Cliff near the site of the destroyed Benedictine church of St. Nicholas. Obverse. A very small plate, 2f x if inches, bearing an inscription to Brother William of Thornton. Date c. 1360 (?). There is an engraving of this side of the plate in T. Hinderwell's Histoyy of Scarborough, 2nd ed. (181 1), p. 125. Reverse. A small fragment of a Flemish marginal inscrip- tion bearing the numeral XI and a stop in relief on a hatched ground. Probable date c. 1350 (?). Both sides of the plate are illustrated in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. 255. Sessay. Obverse. Full length effigy of Thomas Magnus, archdeacon of the East, Riding, and rector of Sessay, 1550, in cassock, surplice, almuce and cope, with scroll from hands bearing the words 'JC^n fill tiCi miserere mei. Below is the following inscription : l^ere Ipetlj Sl^aster ^Ijomae i^agntief ^rcljlieaeon of in tlje Sl^etrepolitau Cljj'relje of gorke i Mon of tljigf Cljpre^e tD|)tcl)e 2Dpeti t\\t iTbii)tl) tJiij' of ^tiffust a° Mi 9^" tcctCo I toljoefe 0oule ffoti Dlion. At the four corners of the slab are quatrefoils, the upper and lower dexter bearing the Holy Lamb with cross, and the upper and lower sinister the stalk and flower of the columbine.^ ' "In the old church was glass containing his rebus, an Agnus Dei with M thereon. Above was the mo.to as on the arms, and the herbage was full of columbines." — Tonge's Visitation (Surtees Society, vol. xli.), p. 59 (note). 193 ■DnrttlirHlnn'ftaBofXiiguftJniraglcmr'llDljiofrfmilraoftBiim Thomas Mac.nus, Archdeacon ok thk East Riding, 1550, Sessay, Yorks. About one-e!evenlh full si/e. 194 Below the inscription is a shield charged with the arms of Magnus. Bendy of six (vert) and (gu.), on a fess (oy) a lion passant giiardant between two cinquefoils of the second, and above is the motto ^ef (Boll to^'ll in black letter. The figure, including the scroll, is 25^ inches in height, the inscription plate measures 24I x 3I inches, the quatrefoils 5 X 4j inches, and the shield 6| x 5^ inches. The brass lies on the chancel floor and is engraved in J. Gill's Vallis Ehoracensis, p. 352 ; R. A. S. Macalister's Ecclesiastical Vestments, p. 147 (eff. only) ; and in the Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, vol. xvii. p. 310. Reverse. In March, 1902, the whole brass was loose in its casement and on examination the greater portion proved to be palimpsest. For this information and for a rubbing of the palimpsests the writer is indebted to Mr. W. J. Kaye, F.S.A. With the exception of the trunk of the figure the whole brass is made up of fragments of earlier brasses. The head and a greater portion of the scroll is in one piece and cut out of an earlier figure, but is too fragmentary to say what the figure may have been. The inscription appears to have been cut out of the centre of a large figure of a lady, probably wearing a mantle as a portion of the cord and tassels for fastening this garment appears at one end of the plate. The shield may possibly have come from the same figure as it bears lines of similar drapery. Two of the quatrefoils are cut from a coped priest, the orphrey of the cope being ornamented with foliage and circles bearing letters ; two letters ^ and d^ remain. The other two quatrefoils are made up of bits, one bearing portions of drapery from the feet of a figure, the other a portion of similar drapery and a large Lombardic D with traces of some oiher letter but obscured by the solder used to fasien the pieces together. All the palimpsest portions are illustrated in the Yorkshire A rchaological Journal, vol. xvii. p. 311. TOPCLIFFE. The fine Flemish brass, 69 x 37 inches, to Thomas de TopclyfF, 1362, and wife [Mabel], 1391, both in mantles, with fine canopy and mutilated marginal inscription, is engraved in Messrs. Wallers' Series of Monumental Brasses, and in the Intro- duction, p. ix., is the following account of the discovery of the palimpsest portions : " The brass of Thomas Topcliff and lady was, a few years ago [about i860] , during the restoration of the 195 ^ I'ALIMI'SEST I'ORIIONS OK KrASS TO TllOMAS MaGNUS, Sessay, Yokks. About one-eleveiuh full size. 196 church, removed from its slab. The reverse was discovered to be entirely, or nearly so, composed of plates of metal that had been previously used. But one small portion, however, fell under the writer's observation, and that was a part of the border, the reverse of which showed a portion of an inscription in Longo- bardic capitals and in the Flemish vernacular, ' bidt. voer. die. ziele.' i.e., pray for the soul. It was extremely well executed, much in the style of the brass at St. Albans to Abbot Delamare ; and was only a few years earlier in date to that of which it now forms a portion. Of the rest, the account given by the Rev. H. A. Hawkins, the incumbent of Topcliffe, though less complete than one could have wished of so curious a fact, is nevertheless useful, and tends to support the theory that occasionally spoilt metal was reworked on its opposite surface. In a letter, he says, ' I remember the fact of its being engraved over its entire sur- face, but I could not make out the design if there was one. It struck me rather ^as being a collection of several small sheets of brass, on the back of which the artist or his apprentice had been trying their engraving tools. I could trace no connec- tion between one sheet and another ; there was something resembling an elaborate ladder on one sheet, and on the next a sword, out of all proportion to the ladder, if it was intended for one, and only slightly sketched, whereas the ladder, as I have remarked, was highly finished.' We must be thankful to possess so brief a record of so curious a fact, though we may regret the opportunity of a more searching scrutiny has been lost. There can be little doubt that we have here the metal of spoilt work, of various designs, used over again. That described as a ' ladder ' was most likely the commencement of some architectural feature, dividing into panels." The brass in its original slab is now fixed on the wall of the north aisle. No rubbing of the palimpsest portions seems to be in existence. WiNESTEAD. Obverse. Upper part of a man in armour, bareheaded, his head resting on his helmet, and wife (mutilated), c. 1540, a group of seven sons, the eldest in armour, and a group of six daughters (one headless). Marginal inscription lost. Chancel floor. Probably to the memory of some member of the Hildyard family, possibly Sir Christopher Hildyard, who died in 1538, and 197 his second wife, Joan. Engraved in G. Poulson's History of HoldernesSy vol. ii. p. 479, and Yorkshire Avchaological Journal^ vol. xii. p. 228. Palimpsest Brass at Winestead, Yorks. About one-fifth full size. Reverse. In 1899 the remaining portion of the man in armour became detached from the stone and upon examination proved to be palimpsest. It is 10 inches in length and bears upon the reverse the left shoulder, arm, and a portion of the hands of a civilian, probably a merchant, wearing a mantle. The sleeve of the under-dress is richly ornamented, the cufF reaching to the knuckles. The background to the figure, a very small portion of which remains, is richly diapered. The work is Flemish, c. 1360, and is in the same style as the great brasses at Lynn, Norfolk. This fragment has now been securely fastened down, it is figured in the Yorkshire A vchcBological Journal, vol. xvi. p. 239. The remaining plates of this brass will, no doubt, upon examination be found to be palimpsest. IRELAND. No palimpsest noted in this country. SCOTLAND. Edinburgh, St. Giles. Obverse. A quadrangular plate, 3 if x 21 1 inches, to James 198 Stewart, Earl of Murray, and Regent of Scotland, assassinated at Linlithgow on the 2y<^ of January, 1569-70. In the centre is a large achievement of the Regent's arms with the motto, SALVS . PER . CHRisTVM, and on either side are figures of Religion and Justice, with the mottoes, pietas . sine . vindice . LVGET, and ivs . exarmatvm . est. Below is the following inscription in raised letters : 23 . jANvARii . 1569. lACOBO . STOVARTO . MORAVI/E . COMITI . SCOTIA . PROREGI . VIRO . ^TATIS . SV^ . LONGE . OPTIMO . ABINIMICIS . OMNIS . MEMORI^ . DETERRIMIS . EX . INSIDIIS . EXTINCTO . CEV . PATRI . COMMVNI . PATRIA . MCERENS . POSVIT . This inscription was composed by George Buchanan. The original tomb was destroyed in 1829 and the brass plate removed to Donybristle House, the seat of the Earl of Moray, but in 1865 the tomb was restored by the then Earl and the brass replaced in the upper panel. In examining the family papers in the charter-room of Donybristle, the Earl of Moray discovered a detached sheet without name or date, endorsed "The compt. of geir furnisit to my L buriall." From internal evidence it clearly refers to the Regent's funeral in 1569-70, and is in a contemporary hand. This document gives the names of John Roytel and Murdoch Valker as the masons who constructed the tomb at the expense of ^133 6s. 8d. ; and of James Gray, goldsmith, who engraved the brass plate at the charge of ^20, whilst the same plate of brass was bought from David Rowane for £7. The details from the account are as follows : ^ " Item, gaif to Jhone Ryotaill and Mwrdoche Valka measonnis for the making of my Lordis sepulteur according to the indentour maid betwix vmquhill Maister Jhone Wod and thame. i"" xxxiii. li. vi. s. viii. d. " Item, to James Gray goldsmyth for ingraving of ane platt of bras vpoun my Lordis sepulteur. xx. li. " Item, to Dauid Rowane for the same platt of bras. vii. H. *' Item, for varnishing of the same plaitt and putting vpe and fixing thairof. "'J- "• " Item, to the payntour for bleking of the sepulteur and his paynis. ^^' ^• ' See Pioceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, vol. vi. p. 49, a paper by David Laing, entitled "Notice respecting the monument of the Regent Karl of Murray, now restored, wiihin the Church of St. Giles, Edinburgh." 199 Illustrations of this obverse side may be found in Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, vol. i. pi, vi. p. 196; The Scottish Antiquary, vol. vi. p. 56; The Catalogue of the Edin- burgh Heraldic Exhibition (i8gi), pi. ci. ; Macgibbon and Ross's Ecclesiastical Architecture of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 453. A litho- graph (full size) has also been privately printed. Reverse. The Proceedings of the Society of A ntiquaries of Scotland, vol. i. p. 181, under date May g, 1853, contains the following account of the reverse : — " The original brass of the Regent Earl of Murray, removed from St. Giles' Church in 1829 was again exhibited, and the Secretary called attention to the highly inter- esting fact, which had previously escaped notice, that it furnishes an example of a palimpsest brass. It is engraved on the reverse of the centre portion of a larger brass, probably of the latter part of the fifteenth century. This has borne two full length figures, a male and a female, with a richly diapered ground and orna- mental border, and surrounded by an inscription, of which only a part remains, reading on the right side, spouse . owmquhile . OF . YE . SAID . THO, and on the other side, whilk . diet . the . THIRD . DAY . OF , AUGUST . AN ." This portion is now fastened down. WALES. No palimpsest noted in this country. PRIVATE POSSESSION. Mr. W. J. Andrew, Cadster House, Whaley Bridge. Obverse. A group of four sons and one daughter, c. 1500-20. The sons in ordinary civil dress, the daughter with long hair, a kennel shaped head-dress and gown with close sleeves and large cuffs. Size of plate 5x4! inches. Reverse. A few engraved lines apparently from the figure of a civilian, c. 1470. Two of the lines are filled with solder. Sir M. Boileau, Ketteringham Park, Wymondham, Norfolk. Obverse. A man in armour, bare-headed, his head resting on a helmet, c. 1560, lower part of legs and feet lost. Height of effigy in present condition 13-2 inches. 200 Palimpsest Figure in the Possession of Sir M. Boileau. About one-fourth full size. Reverse. A fragment of a large fifteenth century Flemish brass showing a portion of a figure, apparently an ecclesiastic, with folded hands and wearing a chasuble richly diapered with foliage and scroll work, the centre orphrey bearing a small demi- figure of our Lord or of one of the Apostles. Both sides of the brass are figured in Norfolk Archaology, vol. xiii. p. 198, and by permission of the Society here reproduced on a reduced scale. Mr. Ambrose Lee, Heralds' College, London. Obverse. A group of three daughters, c. 1540. All wear " Paris heads," the eldest a gown with long false sleeves, the second a gown with sleeves puffed and slashed at the shoulders, and the youngest a gown with open sleeves. Size of plate, 6x3! inches. Reverse. A portion of a pediment of a canopy with three crockets, of English workmanship of about the middle of the fifteenth century. Supposed to have come from a ruined chapel at Quarrendon, Bucks. 201 IS the present unknown, DERELICTS. The term " dereHct " is used to denote that ownership or whereabouts of the original brass rubbings being extant. I. Obverse. A very small fragment of an inscription bearing the words : .... JOljI0 .... . . . nis qui .... Size of fragment, 2^ x 2 inches. Reverse. Another piece of an inscription bearing : .... .... a obiit IT . . . . . . oiT iiiabj .... Formerly in the museum at King's Lynn, Norfolk. Rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries, n. Obverse. A sundial made by R. Treswell in 1582. Size of plate, 7 X 7^ inches. Reverse. The lower portion of a quadrangular plate showing the legs and feet of an emaciated and shrouded extended mattress. figure on a The original plate, then in the possession of Mr. W. Tyson, was exhibited at the Bristol Meet- ing of tlie Archae- Reverse ok Sundial. About one-half full size. ological Institute in 1851. There is a rubbing of the reverse in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. 202 III. Obverse. Effigy of a lady, c. 1540, in heraldic mantle, with hands held apart, and kneeling at a small desk on which lies an open book. She wears the " Paris hede," a lace partlet, a gown with close sleeves edged with lace, and a mantle fastened by a large brooch. There are three ermine spots on the gown and the mantle bears the following arms, Barry nehuly of six . . . ajid . . ., a chief ermine. The figure is 13^ inches in height. Palimpsest Figure. Alx)ut one-fourth full size. Reverse. A portion of the side shaft of a canopy showing the head and shoulders of a female saint, crowned and nimbed, under fine canopy work. Apparently foreign of late fourteenth or early fifteenth century work. Said to have been in the possession of a Mr. Christopher Smyth about the year i860. Rubbings of both sides are in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. 203 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. Eton College Chapel. I. Mr. T. Eustace Harwood, in the Oxford Journal of Monumental Brasses, vol. ii. p. 70, gives the following description of this palimpsest : " The effigy consists of two pieces, joined across the shoulders; these two pieces coming apart, instead of being properly braced, they were repaired by soldering a piece of tin over the join ; this process has rendered illegible the first of ten fragments of Latin hexameters which were on the reverse. The other nine are as follows : . . . Ijic nnt: bictuef . . tiimi0 qj liiiobus £f pnuci0 qj tiicfaucs r uocte miffiMbit . 0iqiii)3 gfociflbit Q .% . gfilii binacf t mt patcrqj . rn0 atqtic iubamcn. . . moril)U0 ^mcn.' " II. Mr. J. Challenor Smith, F.S.A., has kindly forwarded the following extract from the will of Walter Haugh, of Worsted, Norfolk : " to be buried in chapel of St. John Baptist of Worsted by the sepulture of Isabell my wif. I will that Sir Thomas James preest have a service to sing for me Margarete and Issabell my wiffes." Will dated November 5, 1505, and proved January 25, 1505-6 (P.C.C, 42 Holgrove). The brass (with slab and palimpsest inscription) is engraved in the Oxford Journal of Monumental Brasses, vol. ii. p. 72. CORNWALL. CONSTANTINK. The palimpsest portion with the man in armour is repro- duced in G. Clinch's Old English Churches, p. 235. 204 DERBYSHIRE. MORLEY. The slab in which is inlaid the brass to Sir Henry Sache- verell, 1558, and wife Isabel, may be said to be a palimpsest in stone, as on the reverse is the casement for a fine brass of an ecclesiastic with a marginal inscription. It is thus described in the History and Antiquities of Morley, by the late Rev. S. Fox, rector, p. 8, quoted in J. C. Cox's Churches of Derbyshire, vol. iv. p. 334 : " The stone which contains this brass is very far from being in its original situation. The brass is small and inferior to the early ones; and the stone in which it is placed is extremely rough and unfinished. This led to the examination of the under part of the stone, when it was found that it had once contained a very fine brass of an ecclesiastic, and had been surrounded by a border fillet bearing an inscription. Those parts of the stone which were not cut away to receive the brass and fillet were highly polished. The rivets were still quite perfect, and the pitch with which the brass had been imbedded was quite fresh. It is not unlikely that, after this stone had been deprived of its original treasure, it formed part of the spoil which was brought from Dale Abbey." TiDESWELL. Obverse. Inscription to Laurence Brierly, vicar, 1680. Size of plate, 8J X 6| inches. This inscription, for many years in private hands, has recently been restored to the church, and is now fixed on hinges on the wall above Bishop Pursglove's brass. Exuvie Lau : Brierly vie hujus Eccle sise v : id : Jan : 1680 Nescitis horam. Reverse. Portions of eight lines of an inscription to Bishop Pursglove, who died in 1579, in black letter of a late type and with very florid capitals: . . . y Robert Pursgloue .... , . . care at Schoole and learning . . . 205 ir HiimiliilllbitFUiilinlFniw 2^% EXUVLC vi c hii^uy E#ile Obverse and Reverse ok Brierlx— Pursgi.ove Inscription, TiDEswEi.i., Derbyshire About one-half full si/e. 206 . . . . o London he was had . . . ... by name in pauls which did . . . . . . ntain full thi'ice 3 whole years . . . . . . placed as I wis . . . doth lye S' Mary Oueris . . . send into that colHdge r . . . It is exceedingly difficult to account for this fragment of inscription, the letters of which are quite sharp and show no signs of wear. It is certainly not a piece of the original inscription, as the style of lettering is of much later date and differs completely from that of the marginal inscription, which is original. The curious split tops to some of the letters and the same florid capitals occur on the inscription to Sir Sampson Meverill, which is known to have been restored in 1702 by Sir John Statham, and may still be seen on the high tomb in the Chancel. The inscription now under the bishop's figure appears to have been engraved about the year 1705, according to an entry in the Tideswell school accounts for that year, when the sum of £1 14s. lod., rent of certain lands in Taddington, was agreed to be " laid out for brasse &c. for repairs of the Bishopp's Tombe w*^h is stolen off"." ^ It appears from the lines preserved on the Brierly fragment that the two inscriptions were similar in com- position, but the lettering of the present one is much coarser than that of the Brierly fragment. It is just possible that a new inscription may have been prepared for the bishop's tomb some little time before Brierly's death, and that for some reason or another the plate remained on the engraver's hands and was cut up and re-used, or it may be that Brierly's plate was not laid down until many years after his death, possibly at a time when the en- graver was working on the Pursglove inscription, and that he used up a plate which he had had the misfortune to spoil. The inscription now below the figure of Bishop Pursglove reads thus : Under this stone as here doth ly a corps sumtime of fame in Tiddeswall bred and born truely Robert pursglove by name and there brought up by parents care at Schoole & learning trad till afterwards by uncle dear to London he was had who WILLIAM BRADSHAW hight by name in pauls w^h did him place and y"" at Schoole did him maintain full thrice 3 whole years space ' From information kindly supplied by the rector, the Rev. J. M. J. Fletcher. 207 and then into the Abberye was placed as I wish in Southwarkft call'd where it doth ly saint mary overis to OXFORD then who did him send into that Colledge right and there 14 years did him find vV-h Corpus Christi hight from thence at length away he went, a clerke of learning great to GiSBURN ABBEY streigh' was sent and placed in priors seat BISHOP of HULL he was also, archdeacon of Nottingham provost of rotherham colledge too, of YORK eak suffragan two gramer Schooles he did ordain with land for to endure one hospital for to m.aintain twelve impotent and poor o gisburne then with tiddeswall town lament & mourn you may for this said clerk of great renoun lyeth here compact in clay though cruell death hath now down brought this body w^ here doth ly yet trump of fame stay can he nought to sound his praise on high. Qui legis hunc versum crebro reliquum memoreris vile cadaver sum tuque cadaver eris. Engravings of the bishop's brass may be found in Gent. Mag., vol. Ixiv. (1794) pt. ii. p. iioi, and Cambridge Camden Society's Illnstrations of Monumental Brasses, No. I. p. ig. DORSETSHIRE. Litton Cheyney. The writer is indebted to Major E. B. Evans for kindly visiting Litton Cheyney and hunting up the palimpsest inscrip- tions, which are now kept loose at the rectory. As stated by Hutchins, there are three inscriptions, the plate bearing the inscription to John Chapman having been cut into two pieces and converted into memorials to Alexander Warnby, and to John and Thomas Newpton. Obverses, (a) Inscription to Alexander Warnby, i486. Size of plate, 8^ X 3 inches. li^ic Placet aicrantjriam (s/V) (laianibj' qui obiir iiii" tiic mc3' m'ciK?) ^imo nm ^° €€€€° ^f aBF F3^ cui' ale Dpicict' nnief. The third word in the first line certainly reads " Alexandriam," and the month seems to be " Marcii," but the plate is much worn and dented. The lettering is peculiar and appears to be the work of a provincial artist, (b) Inscriptionto John and Thomas Newpton, undated. Size of plate, 5^ X 3 inches. 2o8 neupto qo^ am di^icin' d'cf. This also seems to be the work of a local artist, the lettering is peculiar and the spacing bad. In the first two lines the letters are large, whilst in the third line they are much smaller and run closely together. The style of lettering is different to that on the inscription to Alexander Warnby, but apparently as the two inscriptions complete the reverse inscription their dates must be nearly alike. Reverse. These two plates preserve the complete inscription to John Chapman, fishmonger, 1471, and wife Alice. This plate when joined together measures 14x3 inches. H^ic met 3o^cs C^alpman ffpgfc^moger et SiUcia uror fiu0 qui quilim Jo^p obiit ^rptimana pa^c^e jauno tini Sl^° €€€€° 2l^^j,° quor' alabj Dpicietur tieu0 ^mcii The first portion has been utilised for the Newpton inscrip- tion, the second for the Warnby. The lettering of the Chapman inscription is good and appears to be the work of a London artist. The edges are quite sharp and show no signs of wear. Possibly the plate may have been a " waster," and sent from one workshop to another. It is certainly curious to find the two pieces re-used in the same church. HERTFORDSHIRE. Aldenham. I. The inscription to John Long, 1538, is now framed and hanging on the east wall of the Vestry. II. Half a shield, 3 X 5| inches, from the brass to Ralph Stepney, Esq., first lord of the Town of Aldenham and patron of the church, 1544. Framed and hanging in the vestry. Obverse. The lower portion of a shield showing part of a chequy fess with an owl in base impaling a quartered coat. A perfect shield still remaining in the slab at the west end of the nave shows the arms to have been Stepney, (Gu.), a fess. 209 cheqtiy \or) and {az.) between three owls (nvg.) impaling Quarterly I. and IV. (Arg.), a lion rampant {sa.) Cressey. II. and III. (Erin.) three bars {gu.) Hussey (?). Reverse. A portion of a group of sons, c. 1500. Barley. Obverse. Inscription to Robert Bryckett, 1566. Size of plate, 20^ X 31^ inches, in two pieces respectively measuring 14 a and 5f inches. Formerly on the nave floor but now hanging on the south wall. ^ic iattt EobcrtujS ISrpcfectt ffcu'osfu^* qui obiit bfcimo Xiit 3Iunu Sinno mi ^" tttcC litr tt nam mc rlir Reverse. Only the larger piece of the inscription is palimp- sest, having on its reverse the greater portion of another inscrip- tion to Richard Pecok, citizen and armourer, and his wives and Isabell. Apparently late fifteenth century. €)rate p a'ia Eicami ^t:ok ciM t armer \ii\° iliufif flff bruarii anno ^i millmo etc tt I gisalirllc uroru ri'tie €iuorum animabu For a notice of this palimpsest the writer is indebted to Mr. W. Frampton Andrews, of Hertford. KENT. Erith. Another piece of the Flemish brass used as the reverse of the inscription to Anne Harmon, 1574, is to be found at Isleworth, Middlesex, used as the reverse of the inscription of Frances Holland, 1575, but now fastened down. Margate. I. In the first line for " Gredo " read " Credo." MIDDLESEX. Hackney. Two shields, 6^ x 5^ inches, from the brass to John Lymsey, 1545, and wife Margaret (Pickenham). Loose in 1903. This brass, restored from an early drawing, is engraved in 2IO the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Mommental Brasses, Introd., p. ccxxxi., and in Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, N. S., vol. ii. p. 309. The sons and one shield were then lost and the marginal inscription was imperfect. The figure of the lady, most probably a palimpsest, and the fragments of the marginal Palimpsest Shields, Hackney, Middlesex. About one-third full-size. inscription have now disappeared, and within the last few months the shield bearing the arms of Pickenham has also vanished. The figure of John Lymsey appears to be of earlier date, c. 1510-20, possibly spoil from some monastic house re-used by the brass engraver without any alteration. 211 Obverse. Shield No. I., originally at the lower sinister corner of the slab, bears Quarterly I. and IV. (Or), an eagle displayed (gu.) charged on the breast with a mullet (or), within a bar dure {of the second) charged with eight cinquefoils (arg.) Lymsey. II. (Gu.), two bars gemel between three annulets (arg.) Ryckhill. III. {Arg.), a chevron {sa.) between three columbines ppr. Coventry. Shield No. II., originally at the upper sinister corner of the slab, bears Lymsey and quarterings as in No. I. impaling PiCKENHAM, {Az.), a Uou rampant {or) holding a battle axe, headed {arg.), hafted {or). Reverse. The shields have been cut out of a large quad- rangular plate of Flemish workmanship of the early part of the sixteenth century. Allowing for the shape of the shields the pieces join together and show the upper part of a figure of St. John the Baptist in his camel skin robe, holding in his left hand an open book and pointing thereto with his right. Below the book, and not thereon as usual, is the Holy Lamb with banner, but of this only the nimbus surrounding the head and part of the banner are visible. The background is diapered with a pattern of large foliage work, whilst architectural design, probably intended to represent the interior of a church, fills the top of the plate, the two supporting columns at the sides being ornamented with a chevron pattern. The plate appar*ent]y belongs to the type in which the person commemorated is represented kneeling with a figure of his patron saint standing behind him, in this case St. John the Baptist. The writer is indebted to the Rev. J. F. Williams for notice of this interesting find and for rubbings of the plates. London, British Museum. The following palimpsests formerly in the possession of the late Mr. Bayfield, of Norwich, have recently been deposited in the Museum. I. Tiie inscription from Trunch, Norfolk. See Trunch, Nor- folk, and also Norfolk additions and corrections. 212 11. A small fragment, 2i x i inch, bearing on the obverse the feet of a civilian, c. 1530, and on the reverse a portion of a canopy from a fourteenth century Flemish brass. III. Another fragment, 3^ + i^ inches, bear- ing on the obverse a fragment of a sixteenth century inscription trill tiie octo... and the tops of the letters of another line, and on the reverse the letters KCE ^om a Flemish marginal inscription of the fourteenth century. Palimpsest Fragment. Full si/e. NORTHOLT. Reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. pi. 29, with the palimpsest portions. NORFOLK. The palimpsests at Felmingham ; Halvergate (2) ; Merton ; Norwich, St. John Maddermarket, to Nicholas Suttherton, 1540, St. Martin-at-Palace, St. Peter Mancroft, and in the Strangers' Hall ; Great Ormesby ; Paston ; Salhouse ; and Sail, are repro- duced in Norfolk Archaology, vol. xv. pp. 61-90. Felmingham. I. Reverse. Inscription to William Elyes, chaplain, 1500. Local. €)ratc 5 aiii M,i\\\ (El^egf captUani qui olnit bi' tiie i|5oucbr' a° ri W^"" Loosely suspended by a nail on the wall at the west end of the nave. 213 II, Also loosely suspended by a nail on the wall at the West end of the nave. The writer is indebted to the Rev. J. F, Williams for the rubbing of the reverse of No. I., and for the notes on the present positions of the brasses. Merton. The brass to Thomas de Grey, 1562, is no longer beneath a pew but on the floor of the south aisle. Paston. The recovery and restoration of the Paston shields is thus recorded in Norfolk Archaology, vol. iv. p. 360, under date 4th November, 1852, " The Rev. John Gunn informed the Com- mittee that Mr. Rising, of Horning, had handed to him a brass formerly on the tomb of Erasmus Paston in Paston church ; and that another had been found in the possession of a blacksmith at North Walsham ; both of which he had caused to be restored to their original positions on the tomb." For this note the writer is indebted to the Rev. J. F. Williams. Trunch. The inscription to Walter Bownyng and wife Melicent, 1473, has recently been found amongst the effects of the late Mr. Bay- field, and is now deposited in the British Museum. It is broken into five pieces and is in a very fragile condition. The surname appears to be " Bownyng," and his wife's christian name " Meloci(n)t." SUFFOLK. Denham. A rubbing of the palimpsest portion is in the collection of Mr. Arthur H. Brown, of Brentwood. Another copy is said to be kept in the vestry of the church. SURREY. CoBHAM." Mr. H. Gough, of Redhill, suggests that the words on the bowl of the chalice should read " Esto m(ihi) Ihs." 214 SUMMARY. The term " palimpsest," although not strictly accurate, is, like many other words also not strictly accurate, a very convenient word to apply to this class of memorial. In its true sense the term is applied to ancient manuscripts where older writing has been effaced to make way for new script. It was first employed by the late Mr. Albert Way, F.S.A., in reference to brasses, and although other words have been suggested at various times this term seems to be the most convenient and to be in general use. Palimpsest brasses may be divided into two main classes : A. Appropriated and converted brasses. B. Brasses which bear on their reverse side engravings of figures, inscriptions, &c., either of English or foreign workmanship. This class may be subdivided into three heads : (i) Wasters from the workshop. (2) Spoil from the destruction of the monastic houses and chantries in our own country. (3) Imported plate and spoil from the destruction of the religious houses in the Low countries. By far the greater number of palimpsests fall under Class B and its subdivisions, and as it is only by chance or by the acci- dental loosening of plates that the opportunity arises for their examination, many more may still be noted from time to time. To a certain extent the classes overlap as in the cases of Water- perry, Oxon., and Okeover, Staffs., where some of the plates are simply turned over and re-engraved. The Okeover brass was most probably monastic spoil and very possibly the one at Bromham, Beds., came from a similar source. The Lymsey brass at Hackney, dated 1545, but now nearly all lost, appears to have been a compound example, the man being in armour of the period, c. 1510-20, the lady in a costume of the period of the date of the brass, whilst two of the shields are cut out of a foreign example. Class A. — Appropriated and converted brasses. In some cases earlier brasses have been simply appropriated by the addition of a new inscription and new shields, or the old ones turned over and re-engraved, without any alteration to the figures or canopies. Examples occur at Bromham, Beds., where a brass to a man in armour and his two wives, c. 1430-40, has 215 been turned into a memorial for Sir John Dyve, 1535, his wife, and his mother, by the addition of a new foot-inscription and the insertion of a new shield bearing the Dyve arms ; at Bright- lingsea, Essex, where a bracket, c. 1400, now carries the figures of two ladies of the Beriffe family who died in 1536, it is very probable that these two figures are cut out of the larger figures which originally occupied their places ; at Gunby, Line, where a brass to one of his own family, c. 1405, was turned into a memorial for Sir Thomas Massyngberde and his wife Joan, 1552, by the simple process of cutting or beating down the earlier incised inscription and making a new one in raised lettering, traces of the earlier inscription being still visible between the words of the later ; at Laughton, in the same county, is a some- what similar instance, where an armed figure, c. 1400, probably a member of the Dalyson family, has, by the insertion of a new inscription, become the memorial of William Dalyson, who died in 1546, the inscription also mentioning his son George, who died in 1549, some small repairs to the canopy work seem to have been effected at the same time ; at Horley, Surrey, where the figure of a lady, c. 1420, now, by the insertion of a small inscription under her feet, purports to be Joan Fenner, who died in 1516; at Ticehurst, Sussex, where a large armed figure, c. 1370, now appears with two small figures of ladies, c. 1500, and an inscription to John Wybarne, who died in 1490, and his two wives Edith and Agnes, the latter of whom died in 1502 ; and at Norwich, St. Stephen, where the figure of a lady, c. 1410, has received a new inscription turning her into one Eel (or Ele) Buttry, who died in 1546. In a few cases brasses were not only appropriated but practically converted into new memorials by various alterations and additions to the figures themselves. Of this, the true form of palimpsest, only four examples have been noticed, viz., at Chalfont St. Peter, Bucks. ; Great Ormsby, Norfolk ; Waterperry, Oxon. ; and Okeover, Staffs. In the example at Chalfont the figure of a priest in mass vestments, c. 1440, has been altered by the addition of shading, the rounding of the toes, and the addition of a new inscription making him into Robert Hanson, vicar of Chalfont, who died in 1545. At Great Ormsby, the three-quarter figure of a lady, c. 1440, has been altered by the insertion of much coarse shading and the addition of a new inscription (now lost), to represent Alice, wife of Sir Robert Clere, who died in 1538. The brass at Waterperry must remain more or less a mystery until the reverses can be properly 2l6 examined. At the present time it is the memorial of Walter Curzon, who died in 1527, and his wife Isabel, but possibly the brass may have been recut a few years later. Anyway the original brass commemorated a man in armour and his wife, c. 1445, with a marginal inscription and probably four shields of arms. To convert this earlier armed figure into one conforming with the date of Curzon's death it became necessary to make extensive alterations in the style of armour, A new head and shoulders had to be provided but the rest of the figure was altered by strengthening the breast plate with several overlapping plates, partially obliterating the oblong palettes, converting the taces into a skirt of mail, inserting mail gussets at the insteps, and rounding the pointed sollerets. All the lines of the body armour were invecked and shaded and small additions made to the ground on which the lion rests and to the ornamentation of the scabbard of the sword. The upper half of the lady is either a new plate or the old one turned over and re-engraved, but the lower half is the original with the addition of a little shading and the continuation of the chain carrying the pomander box. The marginal inscription appears to have been simply turned over and re-engraved, as there is a record of a loose piece (now lost) which had on its reverse a portion of another inscription. The brass at Okeover is a similar instance, but an examination of the reverses has enabled a complete identification to be made. Originally laid down to the memory of William, fifth Lord Zouch, of Harring- worth, and his two wives, about the year 1447, soon after the death of his first wife, Alice Seymour, it became, probably as spoil from some monastic house, the memorial of Humphrey Oker, who died in 1538, his wife, Isabel, and their children. Little alteration was really made in the brass, except in the figure of Lord Zouch, where portions of the body armour were cut away and a tabard charged with Oker arms made in the indent thus created. The upper part of the helmet with its cresi yas removed and the crest of Oker substituted. The lady on the dexter side remained unaltered and passed as Isabel Oker, but the second lady was superfluous, so her figure was reversed, and thereon were engraved the Oker children in three rows, the head and shoulders of the figure being filled up with an oak tree bearing a shield. The original shields and the marginal inscrip- tion were simply turned over and re-engraved. Class B. — Brasses which bear on their reverse side engrav- ings of figures, inscriptions, &c., either of English or foreign 217 workmanship, sub- divided into three heads : (i) wasters from the workshop, (2) spoil from the destruction of the monastic houses and chantries in our own country, and (3) imported plate and spoil from the destruction of religious houses and churches in the Low Countries. (i) Wasters from the workshop, including plates cancelled through some error either in detail or in the inscription or heraldry, or from the design not meeting with approval. As Mr. Waller remarks in the introduction to his Series of Monu- mental Brasses, p. ix., "Spoilt metal from the workshop must have been of frequent occurrence, as experience in the manu- facture of similar memorials proves." The dates of the two sides generally but not always nearly coincide. Examples of wasters closely corresponding in date occur at Luton, Beds., where the figure of Isabel Hay, 1455, has on the reverse portions of unfinished canopy work of much the same date; Chalfont St. Giles, Bucks., where the inscrip- tion to John and Elizabeth Salter, 1523, has on the reverse another inscription to Thomas and Anne Bredham, 152 1 ; Stone, Bucks., where the figure of Thomas Gorney, 1520, shows on the reverse a portion of a figure of a lady, c. 1440-50, whilst the nscription bears a portion of another inscription to Christopher Tharpe, who is said to have died in 1514; Lytton Cheyney, Dorset, where two inscriptions, one to Alexander Warnby, i486, and another to John and Thomas Newpton, of about the same date, have been made from an inscription to John Chapman, fishmonger, 1471, by the simple process of cutting the latter inscription into two pieces ; it is curious to find the two pieces still in the same church, and as the lettering of the later inscrip- tions suggests a local origin, whilst that of the Chapman inscrip- tion appears to be of London make and is yet quite sharp, showing no signs of wear, it may perhaps be conjectured that the local man applied to a London firm for a piece of metal and received the inscription which he promptly cut in two; Fing- ringhoe, Essex, where the inscription to John Alleyn, c. 1600, has on the reverse a portion of a text of much the same date ; Bristol, Temple Church, where a priest in processional vest- ments, c. 1460, is cut out of a lady of about the same date; St. Alban's Abbey, Herts., where the lower portion of an un- known abbot, c. 1400, shows on the reverse the lower half of a lady, also of about the same date ; Downe, Kent, where the inscription to John Bederenden, 1445, bears on the reverse a 2l8 portion of an inscription of similar date ; Margate, Kent, where the inscription to Thomas Smyth, vicar, 1433, has on the reverse the almost complete inscription to John and Alice Dalton, 1430 ; Loughborough, Leicestershire, where the much worn inscription to Giles Jordan, 1441, bears on the reverse another inscription to Elizabeth Lisle, 1438 ; Southacre, Nor- folk, where some of the fragments of the brass to Sir Roger Harsick and wife, 1454, bear other fragments on the reverse, including one small Flemish bit; Nether Heyford, Northants., where a shield bearing the Heyford arms from the brass to John Mauntell and wife, c. 1400, shows on the reverse the arms of Montacute quartering Longespee, possibly intended for the arms of WilHam de Montacute, second Earl of Salisbury of that name, who died in 1397; Goring, Oxon., where some children, c. 1600, have on the reverse an inscription to Walter Prunes, T594, in this case the inscription has been cut in two, one half for the sons, the other for the daughters; Clifton Campville, Staffs., where the half effigy of a lady, c. 1350-60, on a bracket, is cut out of a cross-legged figure in mail, c. 1300; Ampton, Suffolk, where a lady, c. 1490, bears on the reverse another lady, c. 1470; Cookley, Suffolk, where a group of children, 1595, has on the reverse a portion of an inscription of about the same date ; Sanderstead, Surrey, where an inscription to Nicholas Wood, 1586, bears on the reverse another inscription to Nicholas Pury, 1585 ; Willingdon, Sussex, a similar case, one side of an inscription bearing date 1618-19, the other 1618 ; and Melksham, Wilts., where two shields, 161 2, are respectively cut out of a figure brass and an inscription, both of about the same date. In some cases a greater length of time is observable between the engraving of the two sides, and this may possibly be ac- counted for by the plates becoming loose and so lost, or by theft or losses during repairs and rebuilding, when, as in our own time, the plates would eventually find their way into the hands of the dealers in old metal and so back to the workshops. Such may have been the case at Ashover, Derbyshire, where the in- scription to Thomas Babyngton, 15 18, has on its reverse another inscription to Robert Prykke, 1450; Braughing, Herts., where a civilian, c. 1480, is cut out of a lady, c. 1440; King's Langley, Herts., where the inscription to William Carter, 1528, has on the reverse another inscription dated 1487; Godmersham, Kent, where the inscription to William Geffray, 1516, has on the reverse an inscription to William Attilburgh, 1471 ; Boston, 219 Line, where one lady, c. 1460, is cut out of another, c. 1390; Ipsden, Oxon., where the figures of Thon:ias and Isabel Englysche, 1525, are respectively cut out of the figure of a lady and of an inscription, c. 1420; Oxford, Magdalen College Chapel, where the inscription to John Caly, 15 15, has on the reverse another inscription to Isabel Fyscher, 1464 ; Stanton St. John, Oxon., where the inscription to Anne Frene, 1524, is cut out of the figure of a lady, c. 1300; and Etchingham, Sussex, where the Echynghani-Oxenbrigg inscription, 1480, has on the reverse an inscription to Thomas Austin, 1405. The engraver who restored the legs of Sir John de Northwode, at Minster, Isle of Sheppey, Kent, in the early part of the sixteenth century appropriated an earlier figure from somewhere in order to carry out this repair. In the few cases where both sides of the plate refer to the same person, it may be assumed that the original engraving was rejected either from some error in detail, or from the design not meeting with approval, or from the inscription containing some expression not in harmony with the times. The brass at Bur- well, Cambs., to John Lawrence, abbot of Ramsay from 1508 to 1539, was probably prepared during his lifetime and represented him as an abbot, but on his death in 1542 the figure was altered and he simply appears in cassock, surplice, and almuce. The half effigy of Thomas Cod, vicar of St. Margaret's, Rochester, 1465, was originally vested in cassock, surplice, almuce, and cope, but on the later side the amice takes the place of the almuce ; the reason for this change is not obvious. A shield at Frenze, Norfolk, bears on its obverse the arms of Loudham, whilst on the reverse is an unfinished shield with the arms of Blenerhayset quartering Orton. The inscription originally pre- pared for John Marsham in 1525, formerly in the church of St. John Maddermarket, Norwich, contained a grant of so many days pardon, but this plate was cancelled and a new inscription, altogether different in style, engraved on the other side. At Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, the feat of agility performed by John Selwyn at a stag-hunt in the presence of Queen Elizabeth is twice engraved. The earlier engraving is very lightly done and shows him riding on the stag, without hat, whilst with his left hand he holds the stag's horns and with the other plunges the sword into its neck. This does not seem to have been approved and a more spirited representation of the scene was engraved on the other side. Selwyn now wears a hat and cloak and keeps his seat without holding the horns of the stag. 220 (a) Spoil from the dissolution of the monastic houses between 1536-g, and the dissolution of the chantries, &c.,in 1547. These wholesale and sweeping destructions flooded the market with old metal and have provided by far the largest class of palimpsests. In a few cases it is possible to identify with more or less certainty the places from which the original brasses came, as at Dench- worth, Berks., where the inscription to William Hyde, and wife, 1562, bears on its reverse the record of the laying of a foundation stone of Bisham Abbey, by King Edward III., in 1333 ; at Reading, St. Laurence, Berks., where the brass to Walter Barton, 1538, is entirely made up of portions of the brass, including the complete inscription, of Sir John Popham, who died in 1463, and was buried, according to Stowe, in the Charterhouse, London ; in Eton College Chapel, where the inscription to Elizabeth Stokes, 1560, has on the i*everse another inscription to Walter Haugh, 1505, who by will desired to be buried in the chapel of St. John Baptist, at Worstead, Norfolk ; curiously enough, both inscriptions are the work of Norfolk engravers ; at Hedgerly, Bucks., where, on the back of the inscription to Margaret Bulstrode, 1540, is another to Thomas Totyngton, abbot of Bury ; at Norbury, Derbyshire, where portions of the brass to Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, and wife, 1538, appear to have come from a brass of the De Verdun family, who buried in Croxden Abbey ; at Walkern, Herts., where, on the back of the inscrip- tion to Richard Humberstone, 1581, is an inscription to John Lovekyn, lord mayor of London, who was buried in the church of St. Michael, Crooked Lane ; at Halvergate, Norfolk, where the inscription to Robert Golword, 1543, bears on its reverse another inscription to a Lady Scales, probably from Blackburgh Priory, the burial place of the Scales family ; at Norwich, St. John Maddermarket, the Rugge brass, 1558, is probably made up of spoil from the great abbey of St. Benet Hulme ; at Shipton-under-Wychwood, Oxon., the plate bearing the figure and inscription to Elizabeth Home, 1548, doubtless came from some church in Aylesbury, since it records on its reverse the en- dowment of a chantry in that town, and at Rodmell, Sussex, John de la Chambre, 1673, or rather his executors or representa- tives, seem to have appropriated an inscription already in the church and simply engraved Chambre's inscription on the back. In addition to these, other examples of spoil occur at Flitton, Beds. ; Chichley, Middle Claydon, Denham, a fine example, having on the reverse the almost complete figure of a friar 221 together with an inscription to John Pyke, probably a school- master, since his shield bears the device of a birchrod, Eton College Chapel, Hedgerley, and Taplow, three examples, all in Bucks. ; Cambridge, Queens' College ; Chester, Holy Trinity, where the reverse shows the leg of an armed man wearing the Order of the Garter ; Braunton, Devonshire ; Fryerning, Stret- hall, Tolleshunt Darcy, two examples, Upminster, and VVal- thamstow, all in Essex ; Dummer, Odiham and Winchester in Hampshire ; Aldenham, Great Berkhampstead, Eastwick, and Walkern, in Hertfordshire ; Cuxton (2), Faversham, West Mailing, Penshurst, Shorne (lost), and Westerham, all in Kent; Manchester Cathedral ; Cranford, Harlington, Littleton, London, All Hallows, Barking, and Northolt, all in Middlesex ; Felming- ham (2), Halvergate, Merton, Narborough, Norwich, St. John Maddermarket (2), St. Martin-at-Palace, and Ranworth, all in Norfolk ; Checkendon, Oxon. ; Oxford, Magdalen College Chapel; Bury St. Edmund's, Suffolk; Camberwell, Cheam, Cobham, in Surrey ; Morland, Westmorland ; West Lavington, Wilts; and Howden, Ilkley and Sessay, Yorkshire. (3) Imported material, mostly from the Low Countries. Flanders and the neighbouring provinces were early celebrated for the manufacture of plates of " latten " or brass, and large quantities must have been imported into England as the plate was apparently not made at home until the time of Queen Elizabeth. Amongst this imported material must have been a certain quantity of shop waste, which seems to be the only way to account for the existence of certain early Flemish examples, as at Great Bowden, Leic, where the inscription to William , Wolstonton, rector, 1403, bears on the reverse a portion of a small Flemish brass of a civilian under a canopy, c. 1350; at Horncastle, Line, where portions of the brass to Sir Lionel k <^\^ Dymoke, 1519, are composed of foreign fragments; at Southacre, Norfolk, where the remains of the brass to Sir Roger Harsyk \ 'Oi and wife, 1454, include a piece of a Flemish marginal inscrip- tion ; other fragments occur at Sail, c. 1480, and at Trunch, \ Hi ^ r 1473, both in Norfolk ; and at Ewelme, Oxon., 1494. The reverse of the great Flemish brass at Topcliffe, Yorkshire, dated 1391, is said to be entirely covered with earlier work, and at Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex, is preserved a portion of the border of another Flemish brass, of late fourteenth century date, the two sides of which differ but slightly in design and date. Flemish fragments are mostly found between the years 1540 T^O and 1590, and this may be accounted for by the rehgious troubles in the Low Countries which cuhninated in the outbreak of the Calvinists in 1566, when no fewer than 400 churches in Flanders and Brabant alone were pillaged, and the subsequent outrages committed by the Beggars of the Sea or water gueux in 1572, whose first acts were to plunder churches. Examples of the re-use such Flemish fragments have been noted at Winestead, Yorks, c. 1540; Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex, 1540, preserving a complete inscription to Robert and Maud le Wale, 1362; Isleworth, Middlesex, 1544 and 1575; Bayford, Herts., c. 1545; Upminster, Essex, 1545; Aylesford, Kent, 1545; Hackney, Middlesex, 1545; Hadleigh, Suffolk, c. 1560; Pottesgrove, Beds., 1563; Westerham, Kent, 1563; Norwich, St. Peter Mancroft, 1568; West Lavington, Wilts., 1559 (but engraved later); Mawgan-in-Pyder, Cornwall, 1573, i577> 1578 and 1586; Stondon Massey, Essex, 1573; Haseley, Warw., 1573; Constantine, Cornwall, 1574; Erith, Kent, 1574; Harrow, Middlesex, 1574; Oxford, St. Mary Magdalen, 1574, and St. Peter-in-the-East, 1574; Denham, Suffolk, 1574; Wimbish, Essex, c, 1575; Cookham, Berks., 1577; Cley, Norfolk, 1578; Norton Disney, Line, c. 1580; Paston, Norfolk, c. 1580; Yealmpton, Devon., 1580; Pinner, Middlesex, 1580; Hales- worth, Suffolk, 1581 ; Lee, Kent, 1582 ; Margate, Kent, 1582 ; Camberwell, Surrey, 1582; W^alkern, Herts., 1583 ; and Aveley, Essex, 1584. About ten of these fragments belong to the four- teenth century and chiefly show canopy work, as at Pottesgrove, Mawgan-in-Pyder, two very fine pieces, Stondon Massey, Isle- worth, Ewelme, and Haseley. A portion of an armed figure together with canopy work and inscription occurs at Constan- tine ; a complete inscription at Tolleshunt Darcy ; part of a lady with canopy work at Harrow ; and a portion of a civilian at Winestead. About eight belong to the fifteenth century, as at Cookham, mostly canopy and diaper work ; at Yeal- hampton, the upper portion of an oblong plate with soul of the deceased in a sheet, the head of the person commemorated and heads of his patron saints ; at Aveley and Margate, strips of marginal inscriptions, the latter with scenes from the life of man ; at Upminster and Bayford, portions of figures ; at Walkern, inscriptions and heraldry ; and at Paston, inscription and head of a figure. From eighteen to twenty belong to the sixteenth century and comprise various designs, as at Mawgan- in-Pyder, heraldry and portions of figures ; Stondon Massey, heraldry; Walkern, children; Aylesford, Westerham, and Ox- ford, St. Peter, canopy work^ Erith and Isleworth, heraldry; Norton Disney, West Lavington, and Oxford, St, Mary Mag- dalen, inscriptions; Hackney, Norwich, St. Peter Mancroft, Denham (Suffolk), Hadleigh, Halesworth, and Camberwell, portions of figures, some with canopy work and some with bits of inscriptions. Some brasses are made up of fragments of various dates, as at Stondon Massey, a mixture of fourteenth and sixteenth century work ; and at Walkern, where no fewer than four brasses of various dates have been made use of to build up the Humberstone memorial. On the other hand the brass at St. Peter-in-the-East, Oxford, is entirely, with the exception of a part of the children, cut out of one plate, the various pieces fitting together and forming the greater part of a canopy. In three cases only have pieces of the same Flemish brass been found in different churches, viz., at Up cmircn , Essex, and Bayford, Herts., where are portions of the figure of an abbot or bishop, the later side in each case bearing date 1545; at Erith, Kent, and Isleworth, Middlesex, portions of an heraldic device, the obverses dating respectively 1574 and 1575; and at Norton Disney, Line, and West Lavington, Wilts., portions of a long inscription recording the foundation of a mass, the date, 1518, appearing on the Disney piece, whilst the name of the church, Westmonstre, is preserved on the Lavington fragment. The re-use of brasses was not entirely confined to sepulchral monuments, for amongst the collections of the Society of Anti- quaries is a late seventeenth century clock, the face of which is cut out of a memorial inscription, and a sundial made by R. Treswell in 1582, exhibited at the Bristol Meeting of the Archaeological Institute in 1851, bears on its reverse a portion of an emaciated and shrouded figure extended on a mattress. Occasionally palimpsest stones are found, as at Morley, Derby- shire, probably spoil from the neighbouring abbey of Dale. The fine series of garter plates preserved in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, contains four palimpsest examples, the helms and crests of three plates having been turned over and re-engraved, whilst the fourth bears on its reverse an unfinished design for another plate. ^ ' See W. II. St. J. Hope's Siall Plates of Knighls of the Garter, and Proc. Soi. Antiq., 2 S. vol. xviii. p. 14S. Index. '?o 25 INDEX OF NAMES AND PLACES. • •• ■ 39 . 125 203 • 97. 99, 184 . 56, 208, 221 8 34. 217 30 ■. 162, 218 . 199 157 ;holas... 75 , ... 120 62 223 I'AGE Abbott, Thomas ... Adderley (Salop.) Additions and Corrections Adrianson, Adrian Aldenham (Herts.) Aldermaston (Berks.) Alleyn, Ailse, 34 ; John Amiens (France) ... Ampton (Suff.) ... Andrew, W. J. ... Anne of Bf)hemia, Queen Annesley, Isabel, 75 ; Nicholas Anthony (Cornwall) Antiquaries, Society of Arundell, Cicily, 24 ; Edward, 25 ; George, 22 ; Isabel, 22 Jane, 23; Mary Arundell of Wardour, Lord Ashover (Derby) ... Ashton, Steeple (Wilts.) Astley (Warw.) ... Aston, arms of Aston, Isabel, 160; John Atkinson, Annes, 149 ; Richard Attilhurgh, Margaret, 74 ; William Austin, Thomas ... Avantage, John, bishop Amiens ... Aveley (Essex) ... ... 31 Awodde, Dyones, 175; John Aylesbury (Bucks.) Aylesford (Kent) 69, Ayscough, Jane ... 26, 24 25 218 188 181 161 160 149 74, 218 178,219 of ... 30 , 90, 222 - 175 150, 220 222, 223 96, 97 Babham, John, 5 ; Mary ... 5 Babington, Sir Anthony, 76 ; Elizabeth, 76 ; Isabel, 26 ; John, 26 ; Thomas ... 26, 218 Bacon, Adam de ... ... .. 125 Ball, Chrystian, 65 ; Elizabeth, 65 ; John 65 Bardolf, Elizabeth, I19; Lord... 119 Barett, arms of ... ... ... 32 Barett, Charles, 31 ; Chiistian, 31 ; Edward ... ... ... 31 Barlee, George, lOl ; William ... loi Barley (Herts.) ... ... ... 209 Barton, Walter ... ... ...7, 220 Basle (Switzerland) ... ... 30 Bassett, Elizabeth, 28 ; Jane, 147 ; Thomas, 147 ; William ... 28 Bave, James, 169; Kateline ... 169 Bayfield, Mr. ... 134, 141, 21 1, 213 Bayford (Herts.)... 57, 58, 222, 223 Baynlun, Joan, 59 ; Thomas ... 59 Beauchamp, John, 158, 159; Mar- garet, 159; Roger 159 Beauchamp of Bletso, arms of ... 158 Beaufort, John, duke of Somerset 159 Bederenden, John ... 72, 217 Bedfordshire ... ... ... i Bedingfield, Anne, 115; Anthony, 163 ; Sir Edmund, 163 ; Eustace 115 Bellamy, Dorothy, 103 ; William 103 Bellingham, arms of ... ... loi Bellingham, Anne, 100; David, 100; Elizabeth, 10; Walter... 10 Benstede, arms of ... ... 63 Berkhampstead, Great (Hert=.) 59, 221 Berkshire ... ... ... ... 4 Berners, Leonard, 35 ; Mary, 35 ; William 35 Berry, arms of ... ... ... 136 Berwick (Northumb.) ... ... 6, 7 Beryff, Dame Alice, 32 ; Mar- garet 32 Betchworth (Surrey) ... ... 166 Bisham Priory (Berks.) ... 6, 7, 220 Blackburgh Priory (Norf. j 119, 220 Blenerhasset, arms of ... 129, 130 Blenerhasset, Jane, 128 ; John, 128, 129 ; Ralph 118 Blewbury, Berks. .. ... ... 4 BIythe, John 183 Boileau, Sir M. ... ... ... 199 Boleyn, Alice, 135; Sir William 135 Bolingbroke, L. G. ... ... 133 Bonde, Anne, 108; William ... 108 Boothe, Alice, 87 ; Sir John ... 87 Boston (Line.) ... ... 93, 21S Botery, see BiUtry. Bouchier, John, Earl of Bath, 29 ; Lady Elizabeth ... ... 29 Bowcer, see Bouchier. Bowden, Great (Leic). ... 89, 221 Bownell, Mardocheus, 100; Nich- olas, 100; Thomas ... ... 100 Bownyng, Millicent, 142, 213 ; Walter... ... ... 142, 213 226 Index. PAGE Boys, John de ... ... ... 44 Braughing (Herts.) ... 60, 218 Braunton (Devon.) ... 29, 221 Braytoft, Joan, 94 ; John ... 94 Bredham, Anne, 8, 217; Thomas, 8, 217 Brierly, Laurence ... ... 204 Brightlingsea (Essex) ... 32,215 Bristol (GIouc), Temple Church 53, 217 British Museum, see London. Bromham (Beds.) ... ...i, Brook, Agatha, 178; Henry de, 127; John Broughton, John ... Brouncker, Henry Brown, arms of ... Browne, John, 165 ; Margery, 163 ; Richard, 163 ; William Bruges (Belgium), The Beguinage, 89 ; The Cathedral Bryckett, Robert... Buchanan, George Buckinghamshire. . . Bullen, Sir Thomas Bullock, arms of ... Bullock, Ralph ,.. Bulstrode, Edward, 14 ; Margaret, 14, 220 Burgundy, arms of ... ... 38 Burgundy, Dukes of, 38 ; Isabel, 214 178 158 187 51 163 169 . 209 . 198 .8, 203 21 • 191 191 Duchess of, 30 ; Mary of 38 Burneshead, arms of • • . lOI Burwell (Cambs.) 18, 219 Bury St. Edmund's (Suff.) 162, 221 Buttry, Ele or Ede, 134, 215; "William... 134 Buttyll, John 70 Bycklay, William • . . 176 Byrde, Henry ... 75 Calthorpe, arms of ... 129, 130 Calthorpe, Dame Jane, 128 ; Sir Philip 128 Caly, John 146, 219 Camberwell (Surrey) 168, 221, 222, 223 Cambridge, Queens' College 19, 221 Cambridgeshire ... ... ... 18 Camoys, Lady, 174; Lord ... 174 Campsey Ash (SufF.) 134 Carrew, Temperance, 120 ; Sir Wymond ... ... ... 120 Carter, Alice, 63 ; William 63, 218 Castell, arms of ... ... ... 108 Cater, Margery ... ... ... 6 Cave, Anthony, 9 ; Elizabeth ... 9 Cerff, John 91 Chalfont St. Giles (Bucks.) ...8, 217 Chalfont St. Peter (Bucks.) ...9, 215 Chambre, John de la ... 178,220 Chapman, Alice, 31,208; John, 31, 207, 208, 217 PAGE ••• 155 ... 105 170, 221 Eliza- 143 Chartham (Kent) Chase, William ... Cheam (Surrey) ... Chechester, Edward, 29 beth Checkendon (Oxon.) Cheddar (Somerset.) Cheddar, Sir Thomas Cheshire ... Chester, Holy Trinity .. Chicheley (Bucks.) Chy . . . , Thomas Chyttok, John Cinque Ports, arms of ,. Cla . . . , Thomas Claydon, Middle (Bucks.) Clere, Alice, 135, 215 ; Sir Robert 13s Clerk, Elizabeth, 47 ; Jenkyn, 47 ; Robert Cleves, arms of, 38 ; dukes of 29 221 ■• 153 ■■ 153 20 20, 221 9, 220 .. 74 .. 148 •• 73 19 ..9, 220 215 55 ... 38 1 16, 222 Cley (Norfolk) Clifford of Frampton, arms of ... 1 50 Clifton Campville (Staffs.) 155, 218 Clippesby (Norfolk) 116 Clock with palimpsest face ... 223 Ccbbe, Margaret, 146; Robert... 146 Cobham (Kent) ... ... ... 70 Cobham (Surrey).., 172, 213, 221 Cod, Thomas ... ... 82, 219 Colchester Museum (Essex) ... 32 Cole, Arthur 146 Constantine (Cornwall) ... 21, 203, 222 Cookham (Berks.) ... 5, 222 Cookley (Suff.) 163,218 Copleston, Isabel, 29; John ... 29 Cornwall ... 21, 203 Cornwall family, arms of ... loi Cotton, Maud, 26, 27 ; Richard 27 Couhill, Elizabeth Courtenay, arms of Coventry, arms of. . . Coverledge, Cranford (Middsx.) Creke, Lady Cressey, arms of ... Cressey, Thomas ... Croxden Abbey (Staffs.)... Crugge, Barbara, 18 1 ; John, 181 ; \\'illiam... Cumberland Curzon, Isabel, 153, 216; Walter 153 Cuxton (Kent) 70 ••• 75 ... 170 ... 210 ... 74 100, 221 ... 27 . . . 209 ... 158 28, 220 181 25 216 221 Dale Abbey (Derby.) ... 26, 204, 223 Dalison, George, 95, 215 ; William 95. 215 Dalton, Alice, 77, 218 ; John 77, 218 Darcy, arms of ... ... ... 45 Index. 227 Daicy, Anthony, 43, 44 ; Katherine 43; Thomas ... ... ... 43 Dauntesay, arms of ... ... 187 Dauntesay, Ambrose, 187 ; Ger- trude, 187 ; John, 99, 184, 185 ; Margaret 185 Denchworth (Berks.) ... 6, 220 Dencort, Alice, 47 ; Annes, 47 ; Elizabeth, 47 ; Ellen, 47 ; Richard, 47 ; Robert, 47 ; Roger 50 Denham (Bucks.) 10, 220 Denham (Suffolk) 163, 213, 222, 223 Derby, Margaret, Countess of ... 107 Derbyshire ... ... 26, 204 Derelicts ... ... ... ... 201 Dering, Sir Edward, 85 ; James 84 Dethyk, Isabel, 26 ; Robert ... 26 Devonshire ... ... ... 29 Disney, Jane, 96 ; Margaret, 96 ; Nele, 96 ; Richard, 96 ; William 96 Dolman, Elizabeth, 189 ; Peter, 189; Phillip, 189; Richard, 189; Timothy 189 Dorsetshire ... ... 30, 207 Dove, arms of ... ... ... 168 Dove, John, 168; Margaret ... 168 Downe (Kent) 72, 217 Draper, Anne, 73; John, 115; Margery, 115; William ... 73 Drye, 138 Dummer (Hants.) ... 53, 221 Durham ... ... ... ... 31 Dymoke, Sir Lionel ... 94, 221 Dyve, arms of ... ... ... 2 Dyve, Elizabeth, 2 ; Isabel, 2 ; Sir John ... ... 2, 215 Eastwick (Herts.) ... 60, 221 Echyngham, Elizabeth, 178 ; Margaret, 178 ; Thomas, 178 ; Sir Thomas, 153; Sir William 153 Edgcomb, Thomas ... ... 14 Edinburgh, St. Giles 197 Edward III., King ... 6, 220 Ellenbridge, arms of .. ... 170 EUesborough (Bucks.) ... ... 13 Elyes, William ... ... 117, 212 English, Isabel, 145, 219; Thomas... ... ... 145, 219 Erith (Kent) 73, 108, 209, 222, 223 Ernley, John, 185 ; Margaret ... 185 Esscheric, Margaret, 30; Peter... 30 Essex ... ... ... ... 31 Etchingham (Sussex) 153, 156, 178, 219 Eton College (Bucks.) 14, 203, 220, 221 Everode, Anne, 120; Henry ... 120 Ewelme (Oxon.) ... ... 144, 221 Fabiller, Peter Fairclyffe, William Farley, S 55 162 189 PAGE Fastolf, arms of ... ... ... 127 Fastolf, Sir John, 127 ; Milicent 127 Faversham (Kent) ... 73, 221 Felmingham (Norfolk) 117, 212, 221 Fenner, Joan, 174, 215 ; John ... 174 Fingringhoe (Essex) ... 34, 217 Fitzadrian, arms of ... ... 167 Fitzherbert, Sir Anthony, 26, 220 ; Jane, 147; Maud, 26; Robert 147 Fitzlangley, arms of ... ... 45 Fladbury (Wore.) 82 Flanders, arms of... ... ... 38 Flemish fragments re-used, 4, 5, 22, 23, 24, 25, 29, 32, 36, 40, 45. 48, 53, 58, 66, 69, 73, 75, 79, 87, 89, 94, 97, 99, 104, 106, 107, 113, 115, 116, 133, 135. 136, 137, T39, 141, 142, 144, 147, 149, 163, 164, 166, 169, 182, 184, 188, 192, 196, 197, 200, 202, 203, 209, 210, 212, 221, 222, 223 Fliit, Elizabeth, 79 ; Thomas ... 79 Flitton (Beds.) 3, 220 Force, figure of ... ... ... 70 Forster, Sir George ... ... 8 Fortescue, Agnes, 29: Henry, 29; Isabel ... ... ... ... 29 Fortitude, figure of ... ... 70 Franki.she, Anthony, 103 ; Dor- othy 103 Frene, Anne ... ... 152, 219 Frenze (Norfolk) 117,219 Friar, figure of ... .., ... 13 Fromondes, arms of ... 170, 172 Fromondes, Bartholomew, 172; Elizabeth, 170; Thomas ... 170 Frowick, Thomas ... ... 167 Fryerning (Essex) ... 35, 221 Fyscher, Isabel ... ... 146, 219 Gardener, Richard ... ... 138 Garter, Order of ... ... 20, 221, 223 Garter plates, palimpsest ... 223 Gedge, James, 35 ; Mary ... 35 Gee, Henry ... ... ... 20 Geffray, William ... ... 74,218 Gerard, Petet ... ... ... 80 Gerbridge, arms of ... ... 136 Gerveys, Jane, 21 ; Richard ... 21 Ghent Museum ... ... ... 89 Gloucestershire ... ... ... 53 Godmersham (Kent) ... 74, 218 Goldyngham, Elizabeth, 121 ; John 121 Golword, Katherine, 119; Robert 119, 220 Goring (Oxon.) 144, 218 Gorney, Agnes, 15 ; Thomas 15, 217 Grantchester (Canibs.) ... ... 20 Graveney (Kent) ... ... ... 74 Gray, James, goldsmith ... ... 19S Grene, Richard, 60 ; Thomas ... 60 .2-28 Index. PAGE Grey, Anne de, 120 ; Edmund de, 120; Temperance de, 120; Thomas de ... ... 120,213 Grinstead, West (Sussex) 153, 156 Gryse family, 66, 68 ; arms of ... 68 Guildhall Museum, see London Gunhy (Line.) 94, 215 Gyft'ard, Mary, 9 ; Roger ... 9 Gyfforde, John, 113; Susan ... 113 Hackney (Middsx.) 209, 214, 22?, 223 Hadleigh (Suffolk) Hale, ...164, 222, 223 ... 51 165,222,223 ••• 153 Halesworth (Suffolk) Halsham, Sir Hugh Halvergate (Norfolk) 118, 119, 212, 220 Hamden, Alice, 146; Richard... Hampshire Hanson, Robert ... Hare, Alice, 125 ; William Harefield (Middsx.) Harlington (Middsx.) Harman, Anne, 73, Thomas... Harrow (Middsx.) Harsyk, Alice, 141 108, IOC), 209; 221 146 53 9>2i5 125 181 221 71, 222 Sir 103 Roger, 141, 218, 221 182, 222 Haseley (Warw.) Hastings, Isabel, 2 ; Sir Ralph... Hatteclyf, Isabel, 75 ; Thomas... Haugh, Isabel, 14 ; Margaret, 14; Walter 14, 203, Hawnsard, Richard Havvlrey, arms of Hawtrey, Sybill, 13 ; Thomas ... Hay, Anne, 4 ; John, 3 ; Isabel, 3> 4, Hayward, Richard Hedgerley (Bucks.) ... 14, Hemgrave, arms of Henry VII., King Herefordshire Heriz, arms of Heron, John Hertfordshire Hertingfordbury (Herts.) Hethersett, arms of Hever (Kent) Heyford, Nether (Northants.) Hey ford, arms of... Heyford, Elizabeth Hildyard, Sir Christopher, 196 ; Joan ... 197 Hilton, arms of ... ... ... 191 Hoath (Kent) 75 Hobson, William 70 Holgote, Margaret 146 Holingworth, Rainold ... ... 36 Holland, Edward, 106 ; Frances 106, 209 2 75 220 148 13 13 217 85 220, 221 ... 136 ... 159 ... 56 ... 76 ... 116 56, 208 ... 62 ... 136 21 218 142 142 142, PAGE Horley (Surrey) 174, 215 Horncastle (Line.) ... 94, 221 Home, arms of. .. ... ... 150 Home, Edmund, 150; Elizabeth, 150,220; William ... ... 95 Hotman, arms of... ... ... 133 Howden (Yorks.) ... 189, 221 Humberstone, Annas, 66 ; Ed- ward, 66 ; John, 65, 66 ; Richard 65, 220 Humfre, Joan, 59 ; Thomas Huntingdonshire... Hussey, arms of ... Hussey, Nele Hyde, Margery, 6 ; William 59 69 209 ...96,97 ...6, 220 190, 221 145. 219 .., 197 10 Ilkley (Yorks.) Museum... Ipsden (Oxon.) ... Ireland Ireland, King of Arms ... Isleworth (Middsx.) 105, 106, 209, 222, 223 Jobsun, John ... ... ... 96 Joiner, Margaret ... ... ... 96 Jones, Thomas, 17; Ursula ... 17 Jordan, Giles, 91, 218 ; Margaret 91 Keldon, arms of ... ... 129, 130 Keleatt, arms of ... ... ... ibS Keleatt, Margaret, 168 ; Matthew 168 Kent 69, 209 Kilham, arms of ... ... ... 191 King's Langley (Herts.)... 63, 218 Knevynton, Ralph de ... ... 90 Knighton, John ... ... ... 57 La Marck, arms of ... ■ ... 38 Lancashire ... ... ... 87 Langford (Berks.) 145 Langley, arms of ... ... ... 74 Langley, Kings (Herts.)... 63, 218 Lansame, Lizebette, 79 ; Pieter 79 Lascelles, arms of ... ... 191 Latton, Anne, 4; John ... ... 4 Laughton (Line), ... 95, 215 Lavington, West (Wilts.) 97, 184, 221, 222, 223 Lawrence, John ... .. 18,219 Leach, arms of ... ... ... 136 Lee (Kent), St. Margaret 75, 222 Lee, Alice, 144; Ambrose, 200; Henry, 144; Joan, 60; Robert 60 Le Grys, Anthony, 140 ; Robert, 140; Susan, 140; Thomas ... 140 Leicestershire ... ... .. 89 Lincoln, St. Mary-le-Wigford, 95, 96; see of, arms of ... ... 170 Lincolnshire ... ... ... 93 Liiistcd (Suffolk) 120 Index, 229 PAGE Lisle, Elizabeth, 91, 218; Joan, 91 ; Otuel 91 Littleton (Middsx.) ... 108,221 Litton Cheyney (Dorset.), 30, 207, 217 London, All Hallows Barkin^j, 108, 221 ; British Museum, 52, III, 112, 113, 166, 211, 212, 213; Charterhouse, 7, 220; Guildhall Museum, 113; St. Michael, Crooked Lane, 65, 220 ; Society of Antiquaries of 62, 223 Long, John, 56, 208 ; Margery... 56 Longespee, arms of ... ... 142 Loughborough (Leic.) ... 90, 218 Louvaine, arms of ... ... 137 Lovekyn, John ... ... 65,220 Lovell, arms of ... ... lOi, 158 Lovell, Anne, 100; Elizabeth, 9 ; Gregory, 100; Thouias ... 9 Lowdham, arms of, 117, I2Q, 130 Lubeck (Germany) ... ... 169 Lucy, arms of ... ... ... 191 Luton (Beds.) 3, 217 Lydd (Kent) 46 Lymsey, arms of ... ... ... 210 Lymsey, John, 209; Margaret ... 209 Lynn (Norf.) Museum 201 Lyons, arms of ... ... ... 2 Magewik, Alice ... ... ... 53 Magnus, arms of, 194 ; rebus of 192 Magnus, Thomas... ... ... 192 Mailing, West (Kent) ... 76, 221 Manchester Cathedral ... 87, 221 Manfelde, Agnes, 16 ; Katherine, 16; Robert, 16; Thomas ... 16 Manvers, arms of... ... ... 76 Margate (Kent), 77, 79, 209, 218, 222 Marks, Deborah 188 Marsburgh, Joan ... ... ... 63 Marsham, Elizabeth, 122 ; John 122, 219 Massyngberd, Joan, 94, 215 ; Sir Thomas... ... ... 94,215 Mauntell, Elizabeth, 142 ; John 142, 218 Mautby, arms of ... ... ... 137 Mawgan-in-Pyder (Cornwall), 22, 23, 24, 25, 222 Maycot, Agnes, 75 ; Anthony ... 75 Melksham (Wilts.) ... 187,218 Melman, Geoffrey ... ... 139 Melton, arms of ... ... ... 191 Mercers' Company, arms of, 50, 125, 127 Merchants' Marks ... 167, 170 Merton (Norfolk), I20, 212, 213, 221 Middleburgh (Zeeland) 99 Middlesex... ... ... 100, 209 Mildmay, Christian, 31 ; Sir Walter 31 PACE Minster, Isle of Shcppey (Kent) 79. 219 Missenden, Little (Bucks.) ... 9 Monk, figure of ... ... ... I18 Monmouthshire ... ... ... I15 Montacute, arms of ... ... 142 Montacute, William de. Earl of Salisbury ... ... 142, 218 Montagu, Sir William de ... 6, 7 Moone, Robert ... ... ... 117 Moote, John, Abbot of St Alban's 63 Mordon, Thomas... ... ... 82 More, Mary, 5; Raffe 5 Morland (Westmorland)... 183, 221 Morley (Derby) 204, 223 Motesfont, John ... ... ... 4(5 Mugginton (Derby) ... ... 157 Munter, Joris de ... ... ... 169 Myddilton, Dorothy, 87 ; Eliza- beth, 87 ; William 87 Myller, Maryon 47 Narburgh (Norfolk) ... 121, 221 Necton (Norfolk) 29 Nevell, Sir Edward ... ... 182 Newdegate, Amphelicia, 182 ; John 182 Newpton, John, 31, 207, 217 ; Thomas... ... ...31,207,217 Norbury (Derby.) ... 26, 220 Norfolk 116, 212 Northamptonshire ... ... 142 Northolt (Middsx.) 113, 212, 221 Northumberland ... ... ... 142 Northwode, Sir John de... 79,219 Norton Disney (Line), 96, 185, 222, 223 Nottinghamshire... ... ... 142 Norwich, St. James, 134 ; St. John Maddermarket, 122, 123, 212, 219, 220, 221 ; St. Martin- at-Palace, 128, 212, 221 ; St. Paul, 134 ; St. Peter Mancroft, 44, 131, 212, 222, 223 ; St. Stephen, 134, 215; Strangers' Hall r.j, 134, 212 Nun, figur^^ ... ... ... 123 Odiham (Hants.) 55.221 Okeover (Statil's.), 155, 214, 215, 216 Oker, arms of, 161 ; crest of ... 160 Oker, Humphrey, 160, 216 ; Isabel ... ... ... 160, 216 Ormesby, Great (Norfolk), 135, 2 12, 21 Orion, arms of ... ... 129, 13 Oulton (Suffolk) 12 Our Lord in Majesty ... ... 8 Oxenbrigg, Agnes, 17S ; Robert 17 230 Index. PAGE Oxford, Magdalen College Chapel, 146, 219, 221 ; St. Mary Mag- dalen, 146, 222, 223 ; St. Peter- in-the-East, ... 148, 222, 223 Oxfordshire ... ... ... I43 Page, Edmund, 82 ; Eleanor ... 82 Palimpsests, classes of ... ... 214 Parker, Sir Nicholas, 179 ; Robert 179 Paston (Norfolk), 136, 212, 213, 222 Paston, armsof ... ... ... 136 Paston. Erasmus, 136,213 ; Mary 136 Pate, Elynor, 61 ; John 61 Patshull, arms of... ... ... 158 Patshull, Sybil, 159; William de 159 Peche, arms of ... ... ... 136 Peckham, Amphillis, 10 ; Sir Edmund 10 Pecok, Isabel, 209; Thomas ... 209 Pembeiton, Elizabeth, 64 ; Roger 64 Penshurst (Kent) 82, 221 Percy, Sir Henry 120 Perepoynt, arms of ... ... 76 Perepoynt, Elizabeth, 76; George 76 Pever, Mary, 158; Thomas ... 158 Peyver, arms of ... ... ... 137 Pickenham, arms of ... ... 210 Pickenham, Margaret 209 Pierpont, see Perepoynt. Pinner (Middsx.) 115,222 Playdell, Mary, 145, Thoby ... I45 Pluckley (Kent) 85 Plumstead (Norfolk) 125 Pollestede, Henry 176 Popham, arms of... ... ... 8 Popham, Sir John, 7, 220; Sir Stephen... .•• 8 Porter, 5^ Potter, Alice, 86 ; Anne, 86 ; Elizabeth, 86; Richard ... 86 Pottesgrove (Beds.) ... 4,222 Powndall, Philemon 84 Private Possession I99 Prunes, Mary, 145 ; Walter, 144, 145, 218 Prykke, Robert 26,218 Pursglove, Robert, Bishop of Hull 204 Pury, Nicholas 175- 218 Pyke, John 13.221 Quarrendon (Bucks.) Quythed, Thomas 200 III Radclyffe, Sir Alexander, 87 ; Alice 87 Rademelde, John 178 Randolf, Anne, 134; Thomas ... 134 Ranworth (Norfolk) ... 137. 221 Ratford, John 168 Reading (Berks.), St. Lawrence, 7, 220 FAGE Rede, Cristine, 143 ; Edmund, 143 ; John, 143; Peter 44, 131 Remington, Elizabeth, 189 ; Richard 189 Resurrection, The ... ... 15 I\eynald, John ... ... ... 190 Robinson, Jennet, 190 ; William 190 Rochester (Kent), arms of, 83 ; St. Margaret 82, 219 Rochester, Elizabeth, 40 ; William, 40 Rodmell (Susse.x) 178,220 Rogers, arms of ... ... ... 2 Rotherham (Yorks.) 191 Rowane, David ... ... ... 198 Roytel, John 198 Rugge, arms of ... ... ... 125 Rugge, Alice, 125 ; Elizabeth, 123, 124, 125, 127 ; Robert, 123, 124, 125, 220; William... 125 Rutland 154 Ruwescuere, Griel Van ... ... ^89 Ryckhill, arms of 210 Sacheverell, Sir Henry, 204 ; Isabel 204 Sadler, arms of ... ... ... 187 Sadler, Gertrude, 187 ; Henry... 187 Saffron Walden (Essex) Museum 40, 60, 61 St. Albans (Herts.), The Abbey, 63, 217 ; St. Peter 64 St. Benet Hulme (Norfolk), Abbey of 127, 220 St. John, arms of 158 St. John, Edith 159 ; Elizabeth, 156, 158, 159; John, 159; Mary, 159; Sir Oliver . 158, 159 St. Margaret I43 Salhouse (Norfolk) ... 138, 212 Salisbury (Wilts.), St. Thomas ... 187 Sail (Norfolk) 139. 212, 221 Salter, Elizabeth, 8, 217 ; John 8, 217 Sanderstead (Surrey) ... 175.218 Saunders, Isabel, 4, 153 ; Robert, 153 ; William 4 ^avell, John 69 Scales, Elizabeth, 119, 220; Robert, 120; Thomas, Lord... 119 Scarborough (Vorks.) Museum ... 192 Scotland I97 Scott, Edward, 168; John ... 168 Scro..., Francis ... 163 Scrope, arms of ... ... ... I37 Scrope, John le. Lord Scrope ... 159 Selwyn, John 176, 216 Septvans, Sir Robert de 155 Ses;ay (Yorks.) 192,221 Seymour, arms of 158 Seymour, Alice, 156, 158, 216 ; Richard 158 Index. ^31 PAGE Shimpling (Norfolk) 140 Shipton-under-Wychwood (Oxon.) 150, 220 Shorne (Kent) 82,221 Shropshire ... ... ... I54 Sibertswould (Kent) ... ... 84 Siday, Margaret 39 Singh, Prince Frederick Duleep 130 Smyth, Christopher, 202 ; Thomas 77. 218 Somersetshire ... ... ... IS4 Somerton, arms of ... ... 136 Southacre (Norfolk), 141, 218, 221 Stacy, John ... ... ... 87 Staffordshire ... ... ... I55 Stanton St. John (Oxon.) 152, 219 Stapilton, John 145 Steeple Ashton (Wilts.) 188 Stepney, arms of ... ... ... 208 Stepney, Ralph ... ... ... 208 Sterre, Adam atte, 72 ; Marion... 72 Stewart, James, Earl of Murray 198 Steyne, Paesschine van den, 97, 99, 185 Stokys, Elizabeth, 14, 220 ; Robert, 14 Stondon Massey (Essex), 36, 222, 223 Stone (Bucks.) 15,^17 Stone, Alice, 150 ; John ... 150 Stone, palimpsest... ... 204, 223 Stourton, Edith 159 Strangman, Joan ... ... ... 52 Strethall (Essex) 39, 221 Suffolk ... 162, 213 Summary ... ... ... ... 214 Sundial, palimpsest ... 201, 223 Surrey ... ... ... 166, 213 Sussex ... ... ... ... 178 Suttherton, Nicholas ... 122, 212 Sutton, James ... ... ... 173 Swane, Alice, 118 ; Robert ... 118 Sydney, Sir Henry, 82 ; Lady Mary, 82 ; Margaret, 82 Taillor, Rowland... ... ... 164 Tame, arms of ... ... ... 150 Tame, Elizabeth, 150; Thomas 150 Taplow (Bucks ) ... 16, 17 18, 221 Tattershall (Line.) 157 Tayllar, Robert 1 16 Terling (Essex) ... ... ... 40 Termond (Flanders) ... ... 30 Tharpe, Christopher ... 16, 217 Thornton, William of ... ... 192 Throckmorton, Clement, 182 ; Katherine ... ... ... 182 Thvnne, Anne, 108 ; Francis, 1 10 ; William 108 Ticehurst (Sussex) ... 179, 215 Tideswell (Derby) 204 I'AGE 221, 222 194, de 15. 221 194 220 21 2or, 223 16 213, 174 221 166 ' ' ' 79 138 201 Tiptoft, arms of 137 Tiptoft, John, Earl of Worcester, 157 ; Milicent, 127 ; SirThomas 127 Tolleshunt Darcy (Essex) 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, Topcliffe (Yorks) Topclyff, Mabel, 194; Thomas Totyngton, Thomas Trefusis, Jane, 21 ; Thomas Treswell, R. Trewonwall, Agnes Trotton (Sussex) ... Trunch (Norfolk) 141, 211, Turner, John, 71 ; Rev. S. B. Twaytts, Elizabeth Tyllis, Henry Tyson, W. Upminster (Essex) 46, 47, 48, 50, 221, 222, 223 Valker, Murdoch 198 Van Lauwr family ... 66, 68 Vass, Richard ... .. ... 55 Vaughan, Lady Blanche, 108 ; Sir Hugh 108 Verdun, Maud de, 27, 28 ; Sir Theobaud de ... ... 27,28 Verli, arms of ... ... ... 191 Wachesham, arms of ... ... 136 Walcot, arms of ... ... ... 136 Wale, Maud le, 45, 222 ; Robert le 45. 222 Wales 199 Walesborough, Emme, 119; John, 119 Walesham, Nicholas de ... ... 127 Walkern (Herts.) 65, 66, 220, 221, 222, 223 Walthamstow (Essex) ... 51, 221 Waltonon-Thames (Surrey) 176, 219 Walworth, Sir William 65 Wardour Castle (Wilts.)... 23, 24, 25 Waren, Elizabeth, 3 ; Thomas ... 3 Warnby, Alexander ... 31, 207, 217 Warwickshire ... ... ... 181 Waterhouse, John, 59 ; Margaret 59 Waterperry (Oxon.) ...153) 214, 215 Waveney river ... ... ... 166 Way, Albert 167, 214 Wayte, Ellen, 47, 58 ; Nicholas, 47, 50. 58 ; Thomas 47 Webbe, Anne, 187 ; John ... 187 Wegheschede, Jacobus ... ... 163 Welche, Annas, 66; Edward ... 66 Wells, Lord 159 Westcrham (Kent) 85, 86, 87, 221, 222, 223 Westley Waterless (Cambs.) ... 27 Westminster Abbey ... ... 157 Weslmonstre, church of... 99, 184, 223 Westmorland Weyvyle, Richard Whalley, Robert .. 183 178 19 23- ludcx. PAGE 144 55 69 2 Whistler family ... White, John Wiat, Sir Thomas Widville, arms of... Widville, Alice, 2 ; Elizabeth, 2 ; John, 2 ; Thomas Wight, Isle of Wilde, Elizabeth, 2 ; Thomas, Willingdon (Sussex) ...' Wilmslow (Cheshire) Wiltshire ... Wimbish (Essex) ... Winchester College (Hants.) Windham, arms of Windham, Mary ... Windsor (Berks.), St. George's Chapel ... Winestead (Yorks.) ... 196, 221 Winwick (Lane.) ... ... ... 80 Wolstonton, William ... 89, 221 Wood, Alice, 175 ; Harmon, 175 ; James, 175 ; John, 175 ; Nicho- las, 175, 218; Richard, 175; Susan, 175 ; Thomas 175 79. 52, 55. 2 56 2 218 157 184 222 221 137 136 223 PAGF. Worcestershire ... .. ... 189 Worstead (Norfolk) 220 Wybarne, Agnes, 179, 215; Edith, 179, 215 ; John 179, 215 Wychehynggam, tjrsnla... ... 117 Wylford, Anne, 187; Nicholas... 187 Wynn, Eleanor ... ... ... 162 Wynston, Ismayne de ... ... 29 Yarmouth, William ,.. ... 118 Yealmpton (Devon.) ... 29, 222 Yerde, arms of ... ... ... 170 Yerde, Anne, 170; Elizabeth, 170; John, 170; Thomas ... 170 York Minster 190 Yorkshire 189 Ypres, St. Mary 79 Zouch, arms of, 8, 157 ; badge of, 156; crest of, 1 56 ; seal of, 1 56 ; standard of ... ... ... 156 Zouch, John la, 156; William, Lord Zouch of Harringworlh 156, 158, 216 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angeles This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY AA 000 282 073 6 .^■:v^!' ^ "'ft. ^4- r V "''if ii'f-y