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 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 Parcel no 15. LZ'Ib'O 
 
 i^>Vii 
 
 WITH THE 
 
 COMPLIMENTS OF 
 
 The 
 Castle Bookshop 
 
 A . H . D O N C A S T E R 
 
 MUSEUM STREET 
 
 COLCHESTER, ESSEX 
 
 Cokheiter 2b34
 
 <N 
 
 ^
 
 '/: 
 
 A't^/'- 
 
 
 ^/ 
 

 
 A LIST 
 
 OF 
 
 PALIMPSEST BRASSES 
 
 IN 
 
 GREAT BRITAIN 
 
 COMPILED BV 
 
 MILL STEPHENSON, B.A., F.SA 
 
 Reprinted from The Transactio7is of the Monumental Brass Society^ 
 Vol. IV., pp. 1-31, 97-135, 141-164, 189-211, 219-245, 251-288, 293-335. 
 
 LONUON 
 
 JOHN BALE, SONS & DANIELSSON, Ltd 
 
 83-89, Great Titchfield Street, W. 
 
 MCMIII
 
 tYB 
 
 \'^ 
 
 S^s it 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Bedfordshire ... ■■• ■•• ••■ ••• •■ ^ 
 
 Berkshire ..■ ■■• ••• ••• •• ^ 
 
 Buckinghamshire ... 
 
 Cambridgeshire ... ■ ■ ••• ••• ••• ■ • '' 
 
 Cheshire ... ... ■■• ••• ••■ •• ••• ~° 
 
 Cornwall... . ••• ••• ■•■ •• •■ "' 
 
 Cumberland ... ■■ ■•• ••• ••• ••■ ^5 
 
 Derbyshire 
 
 Devonshire ... ■•. ••• ■• •■ ^9 
 
 Dorsetshire ... ■•■ ••■ •■ 3° 
 
 Durham ... ... ■• • • •■• •• ■• 3' 
 
 Essex ... .. . •■• ••• • •• ••• 3' 
 
 Gloucestershire ... ... ■•• ••• ••• ••• 53 
 
 Hampshire ... •■• ••• •• •• •■ 53 
 
 Isle of Wight ... 56 
 
 Herefordshire ... ■. •• • ■ ••■ ■•• 5*^ 
 
 Hertfordshire ... ... ■• ••■ ••• ••• 5^ 
 
 Huntingdonshire ... . . • ■ •• •• •■■ "9 
 
 Kent ... , 69 
 
 Lancashire ... ... • ■ ■•• ■■• •■• "^7 
 
 Leicestershire ... ■■■ ■•• •• •■■ ••• "^9 
 
 Lincolnshire ... ■• ■ •• ••• ••■ • ■ 93 
 
 Middlesex 'oo 
 
 Monmouthshire ... •■ ■■• ••■ ••• •■• ^^5 
 
 Norfolk ... ... ... ••• •■■ ••• •■• n^^ 
 
 Northamptonshire ... ••■ ■•• ••• ••■ '4- 
 
 Northumbeiland ... ... ••• ••• ••• ■■• M2 
 
 Nottinghamshire ... ... ■•• •■• ••• •■• '4- 
 
 Oxfordshire ... ••• ••• •■■ ••■ •• '43 
 
 Rutland ... ... ... ••• •■• ••• •• '54 
 
 Shropshire ... ... • •■ ■ •• ••• •• '54 
 
 Somersetshire . • ••• ••• •■• ••• '54 
 
 Staffordshire ... ... ••■ ••• •• ••• '55 
 
 942619
 
 IV, 
 
 Contents. 
 
 Suffolk 
 
 162 
 
 Surrey 
 
 166 
 
 Sussex 
 
 178 
 
 Warwickshire 
 
 181 
 
 Westmorland 
 
 .. 183 
 
 Wiltshire... 
 
 184 
 
 Worcestershire 
 
 189 
 
 Yorkshire 
 
 189 
 
 Ireland ... 
 
 197 
 
 Scotland... 
 
 197 
 
 Wales 
 
 199 
 
 Private Possession 
 
 199 
 
 Derelicts... 
 
 201 
 
 Additions and Corrections ... 
 
 203 
 
 Summary 
 
 214 
 
 Index 
 
 225
 
 Lisi of Illiistrafioiis. 
 
 V. 
 
 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Denchworth, Berks. .. 
 
 Reading, St. Lawrence, Berks. 
 
 Denham, Bucks. 
 
 Chester, Holy Trinity 
 
 Yealmpton, Devon. ... 
 
 Aveley, Essex 
 
 Brightlingsea, Essex 
 
 Fryerning, Essex 
 
 Stondon Massey, Essex 
 
 Strethall, Essex 
 
 Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex 
 
 Upminster, Essex 
 
 Walthamstow, Essex 
 
 Gloucester, Temple Church 
 
 Bayford, Herts. 
 
 Hertingfordbury, Herts. 
 
 St. Alban's Abbey, Herts. 
 
 Walkern, Herts. 
 
 Aylesford, Kent 
 
 Erith, Kent... 
 
 West Mailing, Kent. 
 
 Margate, Kent 
 
 Minster (Sheppey), Kent 
 
 Shorne, Kent 
 
 Sibertsvvould, Kent 
 
 Westerham, Kent 
 
 Great Bowden, Leic. 
 
 Boston, Line. 
 
 Harrow, Middlesex 
 
 Isleworth, Middlesex 
 
 London, All Hallows Barkinj 
 
 London, British Museum 
 
 Felmingham, Norfolk 
 
 Halvergate, Norfolk... 
 
 Merton, Norfolk 
 
 Norwich, St. John Maddermarket 
 , St. Martin-at-Palace 
 „ St. Peter Mancroft ... 
 
 
 .. 
 
 6 
 
 fo face 
 
 8 
 
 II 
 
 12 
 
 ... 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 
 
 32 
 
 
 
 33 
 
 
 
 35 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 42, 43, 44 
 
 46 
 
 47, 49 
 
 50 
 
 51 
 
 52 
 
 
 54 
 
 
 58 
 
 
 62 
 
 
 64 
 
 67 
 
 ,68 
 
 
 69 
 
 to face 
 
 73 
 
 
 76 
 
 77 
 
 78 
 
 
 81 
 
 ... 
 
 83 
 
 
 84 
 
 85, 
 
 86 
 
 ... 
 
 88 
 
 ... 
 
 93 
 
 104, 
 
 105 
 
 ] 
 
 06, 
 
 107 
 
 1 09 
 
 II, 112, 113, 212 
 ... 117 
 I 18, 119 
 ... 121 
 123,126 
 
 132
 
 VI. 
 
 Lisi of Ilhisfrafions, 
 
 Norwich, Strangers' Hall 
 Great Ormesby, Norfolk 
 Paston, Norfolk 
 Salhouse, Norfolk ... 
 Sail, Norfolk 
 Stanton St. John, Oxon. 
 Clifton Campville, Staffs. 
 Ampton, Suffolk 
 Hadleigh, Suffolk 
 Halesworth, Suffolk 
 Betchworth, Surrey 
 Cambervvell, Surrey 
 Cheam, Surrey 
 Cobham, Surrey 
 Walton-on-Thames, Surrey 
 Morland, Westmorland 
 Howden, Yorks. 
 Rotherham, Yorks. ... 
 Sessay, Yorks. 
 Winestead, Yorks. ... 
 Private Possession ... 
 Derelicts 
 
 Tideswell, Derby. ... 
 Hackney, Middlesex 
 London, British Museum 
 
 I'AGF. 
 
 ••• 135 
 
 ••• 135 
 
 136, 137 
 
 ••• 139 
 
 ... 139 
 
 ... 152 
 
 ... 155 
 
 ... 162 
 
 ... 165 
 
 ... 166 
 
 ... 167 
 
 ... 169 
 
 170, 171 
 
 ••• 173 
 ... 177 
 
 ... 183 
 ... 189 
 ... 191 
 
 193, J95 
 ... 197 
 . . . 200 
 
 20[, 203 
 
 ... 205 
 
 ... 210 
 
 212
 
 A LIST OF PALIMPSEST BRASSES. 
 
 Compiled by Mill Stephenson, B.A., F.S.A. 
 
 An attempt is here made to compile a complete list of the 
 palimpsest brasses so far as at present known. Such a list must 
 necessarily be more or less imperfect, but is published in the hope 
 that not only members of our own Society, but those of the 
 Oxford Society, and brass rubbers generally, may be able to add 
 to or correct the information which the writer has been able to 
 get together. Any additional information, corrections, or rubbings 
 of unrecorded palimpsests, will be thankfully received by the 
 writer if sent to 14, Ritherdon Road, Upper Tooting, London, 
 S.W. 
 
 The palimpsests are described in the first instance under 
 counties, but it is proposed to sum up and discuss the various 
 classes at the close of the paper. 
 
 The term obverse is in all cases used to denote the later or more 
 modern side of the brass, and the term reverse the earlier work. 
 
 BEDFORDSHIRE. 
 
 B ROM HAM. 
 
 This fine and well-known brass belongs to the class of appro- 
 priated or adapted memorials. It consists of the figure of a man 
 in complete plate armour, with collar of SS., two ladies, a triple 
 I
 
 canopy, two shields between the heads of the figures, three shields 
 (two lost) on the finials of the canopy, a foot inscription and a 
 marginal inscription. The date is between 1430 and 1440. In 
 1535 the brass was converted into a memorial for Sir John Dyve, 
 his mother Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Thomas Wilde, 
 Esq., and [his wife Isabel, daughter and heiress of Sir Ralph 
 Hastings, but the only change made was the substitution of a new 
 foot inscription (perhaps only the old plate turned over and re- 
 engraved) and the introduction of new shields on the finials of the 
 canopy. 
 
 The two original shields between the heads of the figures are, 
 at present, the only clue to the persons originally commemorated. 
 The dexter shield bears (civg.), a fess and a canton (gn.) Widville, 
 impaling . . . . a chevron . . . between three lions dormant, the two 
 in chief facing each other . . . , probably for Lyons. The sinister 
 shield bears Widville impaling . . . on a chief . . . a fleiir-de-lys 
 . . . . , at present unidentified.^ The brass is usually attributed 
 to Thomas Widville, 1435, and his two wives, Elizabeth and 
 Alice, whose maiden names are unknown. John Widville, the 
 father of Thomas, is supposed to have married a daughter of the 
 Lyons family, and it may be that these two shields are merely 
 commemorative of earlier family alliances, and that the shields on 
 the finials would have contained the arms of Thomas and his two 
 wives. The shield, at present remaining on the centre finial, 
 bears the arms of Dyve, {gu.), a fess dancetty or between three escallops 
 (erm.). The foot inscription, bearing the following words : 
 
 Sl^ntri0 Coniuffie/ n mtUo inert Hit matmn mater 
 (Elijflbctlj l)ttt0 ^Ijome MiiU ^vmiQCvi 
 
 Coniur Isabella \)ttc0 Eatiulplji l^agt^ngfif milit' ct Ijic 
 sjepilitugf iii" j^oumxbm Sin° 1535 
 
 is either an insertion or may be the original plate turned over and 
 re-engraved. Until this plate and Dyve shield can be examined 
 the question of the identity of the original persons commemorated 
 must remain in its present state of uncertainty. 
 
 The brass is engraved in Lysons' Magna Britannia, vol. i. p. 
 163, and is fully described by Mr. H. K. St. J. Sanderson in his 
 Bedfordshire List published in the Transactions, vol. ii. p. 8i. 
 
 ' The family of Roger or Rogers, of Dorset, bore Arg., on a chief or, a Jlenr- 
 de-lys gu.
 
 Flitton. 
 
 Obverse. Thomas Waren, Gent., 1544, in armour, and wife 
 Elizabeth ; male effigy and children lost ; inscription mutilated, 
 small, now mural, North Aisle. 
 
 The inscription only is palimpsest and has been broken into 
 three pieces, whereof two are now missing. Mr. Sanderson- only 
 notices one piece, but an old rubbing in the writer's collection 
 contains one of the missing pieces which luckily completes the 
 rhymes on the reverse. The Waren inscription reads thus : 
 
 , , . . I 0oule of Cljomaef (Mav \ m o:entilmnit $ (Elijalictlj 
 
 .... I maef ti['eti p jscconti da^ | of C^ctobcr a° 9^ IDc 
 
 .... I Qiic of l^^uQ ^mv^ ^£ tjiii | on toljojje ^oulr^ 3|l)u 
 Ijatic m't^ Simm. 
 
 The first portion has been missing for years, the second has 
 more recently disappeared, the third still remains in the church 
 and is quoted by Mr. Sanderson. 
 
 Reverse. The second and third portions of the inscription bear 
 the following verses : 
 
 ^uiH tumulu cerui0. Cue no mortalia | ^pni^. '(lali 
 
 naq? Uomo (?) 
 clautiit' omiiie Ijomo (?) ;^in0qui!S cri0 | qui transient 
 
 0ta »leo:e 
 
 plora. »)um quoti cri0 fucramqj quoti ref | pro mc prccor 
 ora. 
 
 Luton. 
 
 Obverse. Isabel Hay, 1455, head gone, nearly effaced, broken 
 in two pieces, the upper part (now lost) measuring 6 inches and 
 the lower 14 inches. The remaining piece is loose in the church 
 chest. This fragment, together with the inscription in twelve 
 Latin verses, is all that remains of the brass to John Hay, for 
 thirty years steward to the Archbishop of Canterbury, repairer of 
 
 - Bedfordshire Brasses in Trans. Mon. Br. Soc, vol. ii. p. 160.
 
 churches and roads, dec, 1455, and wives Anne (with three chil- 
 dren) and Isabel. It was formerly in the North Aisle. 
 
 Reverse. Portions of canopy work of curious design, the shaft 
 of the canopy composed of a series of scrolls. The work is un- 
 finished and appears to be a "waster" from the workshop. 
 Haines conjectures it to be of foreign manufacture, but it seems 
 to be English origin, of about the same date as the obverse. 
 
 A rubbing of the obverse and reverse complete is in the Col- 
 lection of the Society of Antiquaries. 
 
 POTTESGROVE. 
 
 Obverse. Wm. Saunders, Gent., 1563, in civil dress, wife 
 Isabel, and inscription. The lower part and feet of the male 
 figure lost, only the centre of the female figure remains, half the 
 inscription is also lost, the remaining portion being much broken 
 and damaged. In its present condition the male figure measures 
 i3|- inches in length, the female gi inches, and the inscription 
 ii| X 52 inches. The brasses are now screwed to a wooden 
 board affixed to the south side of the Chancel wall. 
 
 Reverse. The male figure is cut out of a portion of a large 
 Flemish brass, c. 1360-70, and shows portions of canopy work 
 with a background diapered with crowned monsters, butterflies, 
 &c. The fragment of the female figure shows a portion of the 
 upper right-hand corner of the same brass, there is a small por- 
 tion of the same diapered background with the symbol of St. 
 Matthew in the corner, and a few mutilated letters of a marginal 
 inscription enclosed by a small border ornamented with four 
 leaved flowers. The back of the inscription plate is much 
 damaged and may or may not have belonged to the same brass. 
 It appears to be made up of fragments, certainly of foreign work- 
 manship, but too much damaged to say with certainty whether 
 belonging to the other pieces or not. 
 
 The obverse and reverse of this brass have been fully described 
 and illustrated by Mr. H. K. St. J. Sanderson in the Transactions 
 of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. pp. 6-g. 
 
 BERKSHIRE. 
 
 Blewbury. 
 
 John Latton, Esq., of Chilton, 1548, in tabard, and wife 
 Anne, with six sons (now lost) and nine daughters ; effigy of
 
 another wife lost ; inscription and four shields of arms, Chancel 
 floor. 
 
 A few years ago a portion of the inscription became loose and 
 was found to be palimpsest. It was examined and recorded^ by 
 Mr. W. H. Richardson, F.S.A., to whom the writer is indebted 
 for the information, but unfortunately fastened down again before 
 any rubbing or any note of the reverse was made. 
 
 COOKHAM. 
 
 Obverse. Raffe More, Gent., 1577, in civil dress, and wife 
 Mary, daughter of John Babham, Esq., with ten English verses 
 and a marginal inscription, the whole much mutilated, North 
 Aisle. 
 
 The marginal inscription, when complete, read thus: 
 
 -j- l^crc IjTtlj tljc lioDj^' of Eaffc a^ore (Bcnf loljo mnrricti 
 ^ai7' tljc tiatiffljtcr of 3]oljn Babljam, ciBefq. ^j purdjasJeH 
 mijitcplacc BuUoclxO anti ^Ijnfocic^ ann otijcr lanti^ iw 
 CoUdjam anti tipcti toitljout mnt of lji0 liotij'e on tlje fcaeft 
 tia^ of ^t. games tljc apostle \\\ tlje ['caie of our lortie 
 d^oti 1577. 
 
 Reverse. At the restoration of the church in i860, three 
 pieces of this brass were found to be palimpsest. The largest 
 piece consists of the centre portion of the figure of Mary More 
 from the waist downwards. This piece measures twelve inches 
 in length and is cut out of a portion of a Flemish brass of late 
 fifteenth century work. It bears a small portion of a head, 
 apparently wearing a round topped bascinet, and surrounded with 
 canopy and diaper work. The centre arch of the canopy is 
 cusped below and crocketted with oak leaves, one of which is 
 entire. The background is diapered with foliage, &c., in squares 
 outlined by small roundels or nail heads. The smaller pieces 
 ■consist of two portions of the marginal inscription, one, 8| inches 
 in length, bearing the words " here lyeth the," has on the reverse 
 a few Lombardic letters, (^^iBj^ + ^^ + IFl^ ^^eing a 
 portion of a Latin inscription from an early Flemish brass. The 
 other, 9 inches in length, bearing the words "and shafseies a," 
 
 ^ Transactions Nexvhury Field Club, vol. iv. p. 56.
 
 has on the reverse a few engraved lines, apparently part of a 
 female face. 
 
 All are now fastened down and the brass nearly covered by 
 the organ. 
 
 Denchworth. 
 
 Obverse. William Hyde, Esq., 1557, in armour, and wife 
 Margery [Cater, of Letcombe Regis] , 1562, with twelve sons and 
 eight daughters, ten English verses and inscription, relaid and 
 now mural, Chancel. 
 
 The inscription only is palimpsest. It measures 17I x 52 
 inches, and reads thus : 
 
 j^uijSquijS trang^ierigf pro no^tcief ora aiabugf 
 Ct 31uncto0 tumulo tu prcce 31uno:c turo. 
 ^^t toljiclje Mlpllm ^^^c c^qu^n ticcee>£>^ti tijc srecontie 
 tia^ of 9^a}>c in tljc ^cre of our lortir (Boti ^€€€€€%}I>ii 
 anti tlje gfaptic a^argerj^ Iji^ to^fe tircrg^e^'ti tljr xxUi tia^ 
 of 31uit^ ill tlje ^crc of oure lorlie (15oti 9^€€€€€%dBii. 
 
 Reverse. The reverse of this inscription shows another inscrip- 
 tion of great historic value, and fortunately complete. It is in 
 French, and records the laying of a foundation stone of Bisham 
 Priory by King Edward III., in commemoration of his victories 
 at Berwick in 1333, and at the request of Sir William de 
 Mountagu, the founder of the Priory. 
 
 itirfoiptoqupft la teraiHe toqs %Ia diMirda S}allrsan 
 
 Denchworth, Berks. 
 The inscription is as follows : 
 
 Ctitoarti Eo[' 2Dan0:Irt'c qc fijst \c m^c tiniant la €itc tie 
 
 3t
 
 retoj^k t coquj^eft la bntaillf illeoqcf i la tiite Cite la brille 
 
 0ein 
 tt 9^avQavttt Ian Uc grce. 91^. CCC dB^^iii. nmt ccm't 
 
 pere a la 
 requejEftc »)ire ^(lliUiam ti^ Sl^otintagu fountiouc De centre 
 
 me0oun. 
 
 The capitulation of Berwick took place on St. Margaret's day, 
 1333, and Sir William de Montagu was one of the signatories to 
 the treaty of surrender. The foundation charter of the priory of 
 Bisham is dated loth April, 1336. 
 
 The palimpsest plate is now fastened by movable screws. 
 
 Reading, St. Lawrence. 
 
 Obverse. Water Barton, Gent., 1538, in civil dress, with 
 inscription. 
 
 Effigy 23J inches in height ; inscription plate 28| x 5| inches. 
 
 Reverse. The entire brass is made of portions of the brass of 
 Sir John Popham, who died in 1463, and was buried, according to 
 Stowe,* in the Charterhouse, London. The upper part of the 
 figure of Water Barton shows the pointed sollerets and a greater 
 portion of a lion on which the feet rested. The lower portion of 
 the figure shows the hilt of the sword and a portion of the tabard, 
 giving enough to identify the two lower quarterings as those of 
 Zouch and Popham. 
 
 The Popham inscription is fortunately preserved entire on the 
 reverse of Barton's inscription and reads thus : 
 
 "^ic iacct 3iO\ji0 popljam mik0 q°tim lingf tie ^unxt}} in 
 
 i^ormanUia $ tine? 
 tic Cljarticforti tic 3Dcnc ac tic aibinjytan tt alibi in SinQiia 
 
 qui oluit i-iiii° 
 Hie mcn0' ^prilicf anno tiiti millnio <Z€€€°JL^iii'' tnV 
 
 aic ypirict' tic 
 
 The Rev. Charles Kerry, in his History of the Church of St. 
 Lawrence, Reading, p. 136, says, " The old ledger on which Bar- 
 ton's brass was laid was undoubtedly the very slab which covered 
 
 * Stowe's Survey 0/ London, ed. 1633, p. 478b.
 
 8 
 
 the body of Sir John Popham. In adapting it for a second 
 memorial, the old matrices were chiselled out and the stone 
 rubbed down, but the bottoms of most of the rivet-holes contain- 
 ing the leaded rivets remain, indicating the bearings of the 
 original. The principal figure stood beneath a canopy. The 
 knight was habited in a tabard of arms, and the fragment taken 
 from the left-hand side of the figure exhibits the fourth and part 
 of the third quarterings with the hilt of the contiguous sword. 
 The tail of the lion passed under the foot of the knight and ter- 
 minated in a graceful curve by the side of the sword. The 
 soUerets, exhibiting seven laminae, are finely pointed." 
 
 The arms of Popham, arg., on a chief gu. two stags' heads 
 cahossed or, quartering Zouch of Dene, gu., a chevron arg. between 
 ten bezants, six in chief and four in base, are on a brass to the Forster 
 family in the neighbouring church of Aldermaston, and were also 
 in painted glass in the windows of the Hall. Sir George Forster, 
 of Aldermaston, who died in 1533, is described on his sumptuous 
 tomb as " coson and one of the heyres of Sir Stephyn Popham." 
 
 The brass is now set in a hinged copper frame fastened to the 
 north pier of the chancel arch. The obverse is engraved in Views 
 of Reading Abbey and Churches, vol. i. p. 54, and the obverse and 
 reverse in Kerry's History of St. Lawrence's Church, p. 134. 
 
 BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 Chalfont St. Giles. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to John Salter, 1523, and wife Elsabeth. 
 Size of plate, 21 x 3I inches. 
 
 £)f ^0' djaritr praj^ for tljc EfoulesJ of Jolju Salter aun 
 
 dlmbctl) lji0 
 topf tlje bjljidjc 3|oIjit ticreef^eti t\)t xii tia[? of nprdl ^n tlje 
 
 ^tvt of 
 our lorti pD Sl^iD^5H9!^ui on toljo^e jsoulcjs ilju Ijnue merc^ 
 
 amen. 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription, slightly mutilated at each end, 
 to Thomas Bredham, 1521, and wife Anne. 
 
 (Pra)[' for t\)c jjoulcef of ^IjomasJ Brcnljam of tlje 
 peri0!3lje
 
 ^ .MlopjpflgMgte iiuflfiiiiiisl^iini mjapaiiSttfttii 
 
 
 Palimpsest Brass, 1538 and 1463, Reading, St. Lawrence, Berks.
 
 f CT na^ 
 
 . . , , tl)e ^er of o^ lorU 9^m%%i on toijogfe 0onU0 
 iljii Ijaiie mcr(cp amen) 
 
 ' The brass is now placed in a hinged frame fastened to the wall 
 of the North Aisle, For many years it was nailed against the 
 Stone House in this parish, but was restored to the church by 
 Miss Saunderson. 
 
 Chalfont St. Peter. 
 
 Effigy of a priest in eucharistic vestments, c. 1440. Height 
 1 5 inches. This has been slightly altered by the addition of shading 
 and the rounding of the toes. A new inscription has then been 
 been added to Sir Robert Hanson, vicar of Chalfont St. Peter 
 and of Little Missenden, who died in 1545. 
 
 Chicheley. 
 
 Obverse. Anthony Cave, Esq., merchant of the Staple of 
 Calais, lord of the manor of Chicheley, 1558, in armour, and wife 
 Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Lovell, Esq., of Astwell, with 
 inscription and three shields of arms, one lost. The brass is 
 engraved in G. Lipscomb's History of Buckinghamshire, vol. 
 iv. p. 97 ; and the figures only in R. E. C. Waters' Genealogical 
 Memoirs of the Extinct Family of Chester of Chicheley, p. 84. 
 
 Reverse. Haines in his Mamial of Momimental Brasses, part ii. 
 p. 260, under "Addenda and Corrigenda," states that "on the 
 reverse of a shield is part of an English inscription." The writer 
 has been unable to see a rubbing and would be grateful for 
 further information. 
 
 Middle Claydon. 
 
 In 1897, Mr. Alfred Heneage Cocks, Hon. Sec. Bucks. Arch. 
 Soc, communicated the following note to the Records of Bucking- 
 hamshire, vol. vii. p. 529, " During some recent repairs at Middle 
 Claydon Church, the large brass to the memory of Roger Gyffard, 
 Esq., and Mary his wife (the former of whom died 1542, the date
 
 10 
 
 of the lady's death being imperfect), was temporarily removed for 
 its better preservation. It, fortunately, then came under the notice 
 of our indefatigable honorary member, Mr. Arthur Clere, who 
 found that the inscription plate below the figures is a palimpsest. 
 He has very kindly sent me a rubbing of the original inscription, 
 with the remark, ' I was not able to get a good rubbing of the 
 reverse side, as the engraver in cutting the more modern inscrip- 
 tion cut through the brass in several places, which he filled up 
 with solder, and so obliterated some of the words.' The plate 
 measures 2ft. 6fin. long x 5in. high. In the first line, the mid- 
 dle of the name " Bellingham " is a blank, bounded by fragments of 
 the letters / or //, and g. At the end of the same line there is a 
 space of ixV'^- after the abbreviated form of Hybernia so it is 
 possible something else was originally there. At the end of the 
 second line, the context, and the space, suggest the disappearance 
 of the abbreviated form of Domini ; similarly at the end of the 
 third line a small portion of a capital A suggests that the ensuing 
 space contained the word Anno ; and at the end of the last line 
 the termination of the ornament is missing, and the word miseri- 
 cordiam is slightly imperfect." 
 
 Mr. Cocks reads the inscription thus : 
 
 ^rate pro aiabj Mlaltm Bel[Un]0:l)m ^lia0 tiicti ^al= 
 
 tcri 3|rrlonnc Wi^m^ armor' in H^j^brrnia 
 (Et Clpjabftlj' uxovi0 tim qui quitim (ItllaltrrujS obiit 
 
 trrcio t)ir mni0i0 Sl^aii anno [tiiii] 
 gi^ilUmo €€€€°%^dBdBm. €)biitque ticta Cl^jabetlj 
 
 xir tiie 9^rn0i0 9^m rotirm ^[nno] 
 quorum animr prr tiri mi0ericortiiam 31^^ cterna pace 
 
 requic0cant. ^mnt. 
 
 The brass of Roger GyfFard is engraved in Lipscomb's History 
 of Bucks., vol. i. p. 194, and there is a small cut of the Belling- 
 ham inscription accompanying Mr. Cocks' description of the plate 
 in the Bucks. Records. 
 
 Denham. 
 
 Obverse. Amphillis, daughter of Sir Edmund Peckham, 1545, 
 with foot inscription and shield. 
 
 Effigy 15^ inches high, inscription 15I x 5 inches, shield 5I X 
 4f inches.
 
 II 
 
 
 • • 
 
 AMPIIILLIS I'F.CKIIAM, 1545, DENHAM, BUCKS. 
 
 (^ linear.)
 
 12 
 
 dMMx 
 
 
 liife 
 
 Reverse of Brass of Amphillis Peckham, Denham, Bucks. 
 
 (J linear. )
 
 13 
 
 Haines mentions this brass as lost. Fortunately this is not 
 the case. It was loose in 1894 and was exhibited at a meeting of 
 the Society of Antiquaries by the Rev. R. H. Lathbury, M.A., 
 rector of Denham, in whose custody it then was. 
 
 Reverse. On the reverse of the figure of the lady is another 
 figure of a friar, in gown and hose, with his hands folded within 
 his sleeves, and a knotted cord hanging from his girdle. The 
 figure has been slightly mutilated at the top and bottom, the ears 
 and tonsure having been partly cut away, and the feet altogether 
 removed. The reverse of the inscription bears the following, 
 which may or may not be the epitaph of the friar : 
 
 ^wi trancficf eficftc. motiicu Ictyc quicf fait i0te 
 ^ni mtt occultuef. Ijic iSuli tcUurc scpultus 
 3|ix lanport nat'. iattt \)\t 3IoIjn ^^kt tumiilat' 
 cut m 0albatu0. ati xpm funtie prccatu^. 
 
 On the reverse of the shield is its original bearing, a birchrod 
 surmounting a mace or staff of office in saltire between the letters 
 
 arranged in cross. 
 
 It is uncertain how these letters should be read. They may 
 stand for Magistev Johannes Pyhe Scholaris, or for Johannes Pyke 
 Magister Schola;. In either case the birch would be appropriate. 
 The meaning of the mace is difficult to account for, unless it be 
 a ferule or badge of authority of a schoolmaster. 
 
 The date of the earlier brass, and the three pieces seem as in 
 the later case to form one memorial, is c. 1440. 
 
 Both sides of the brass are illustrated in the Proceedings of the 
 Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. xv. pp. 230, 231, and are here 
 reproduced by kind permission of the Society. 
 
 Ellesborough. 
 
 A shield belonging to the brass of Thomas Hawtrey, Esq., 
 1554, and wife Sybell, with eleven sons and seven daughters, 
 shows traces of alteration. Originally the charge appears to have 
 been a plain cross, this has been erased and the arms of Hawtrey, 
 (Arg.) three lions rampant in bend between four cotises (sa.), substi- 
 tuted. The brass is now placed on the v/all of the South Aisle.
 
 14 
 
 Eton College Chapel. 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. Three-quarter effigy, 13 inches high, of Thomas 
 Edgcomb, fellow and vice-provost of Eton, 1545, in academical 
 dress, with inscription, 17^ X 9 inches, in ten Latin verses. 
 
 The effigy is palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. The figure of Thomas Edgcomb is cut out of an 
 earlier plate and contains portions of an inscription in ten Latin 
 verses. The writer has no rubbing of the reverse, but a full 
 description will appear in the next number of the Oxford Journal 
 of Monumental Brasses, in the continuation of Mr. T. Eustace 
 Harwood's paper on the Eton Brasses, the first instalment of 
 which has already appeared. 
 
 IL 
 
 Obverse. Effigy of EHzabeth, wife of Robert Stokys, 1560, 
 with inscription. Effigy 23^ inches high, inscription plate 22|^ x 
 4 inches. Apparently the work of the Norwich school of en- 
 gravers. 
 
 The figure of Robert Stokys, who also died in 1560, and the 
 children, are lost. 
 
 The inscription only is palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. On the back of the inscription is another inscription 
 to Walter Haugh, 1505, and wives Margaret and Isabel. 
 
 €)ratc p. ^mbj ^(llflltcri ijaufflj Sl^argarete $ J^aMk 
 
 tirorum ciu^ tt p. 
 quibj ticu0 (IcLlaltn*u0 orare ttmv qui quitim (lillalterucf 
 
 obiit ^OTu° Hie 
 notinnbri0 ^nno tini millimo €€<l€€°\)° quor' ^lab? 
 opiciet' tie'. 
 
 This inscription also appears to belong to the Norwich school. 
 The curious expression, "pro quibus orare tenetur " frequently 
 occurs on inscriptions in Norfolk, most, if not all, belonging to 
 the local school. 
 
 Hedgerley. 
 Obverse. Margaret, wife of Edward Bulstrode, 1540, with
 
 15 
 
 group of ten sons and three daughters, shield (mutilated), and 
 foot inscription. 
 
 Effigy 2oJ inches high, inscription 22J x 2f inches, shield 
 8x6^ inches, and group of children 6^ x 12^ inches. 
 
 All palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. The figure of the lady is cut out of an inscription in 
 English verse, which is only partly legible, but, according to 
 Haines, reads thus : 
 
 . . . . ef (Etione: bj? Ijp0 ff'ue (?) sftone 
 
 [ili]o mane more gentj^U mpgljt be : ^o rpclje auti pore 
 
 fful of liotote 
 5ailm['g:ljt^ pti of Ijief graee : proiiiti l)j'm leke pltie iit 
 
 tlje fforuace 
 dBlantie ^z bjiic? Ijere to be bette : \^tM l^^ie jjeke i 
 
 0ore I I) 10 eatoet 
 purjyj^ti from jj^ntne : nef a of (?) bap(?)tpie. 
 
 On the back of the inscription is another inscription to Thomas 
 Totyngton, Abbot of Bury, who died in 1312, but the plate does 
 not seem to have been cut before the sixteenth century. It runs 
 thus : 
 
 ^ot^niffton fcITljomacf CtimTItii qi fait nbbas 
 ^it iiicet e0to pia gfibi tiuct'r u'o:o maria 
 
 The group of children has been cut out of the lower portion 
 of the figure of a bishop or abbot, c. 1530, showing the chasuble, 
 staff of the crosier with vexillum, and dalmatic. 
 
 On the reverse of the shield are portions of canopy work with 
 a representation of our Lord's resurrection, and a small fragment 
 of the figure of some saint. 
 
 Notices of this palimpsest occur in Archaologia, vol. xxx. 
 p. 121; Archaological Journal, vol. x. p. 76; and in Haines' 
 Introduction, p. xlv. 
 
 Stone. 
 
 Obverse. Thomas Gorney, 1520, in civil dress, and wife 
 Agnes, with six sons and three daughters, and foot inscription. 
 
 Effigies 16^ inches high, inscription 2o|- x 3 inches, children 
 5| inches high. 
 
 The male effigy and inscription palimpsest.
 
 i6 
 
 Reverse. On the back of the male effigy is the figure of a lady, 
 c. 1440-50, and on the back of the inscription is another incom- 
 plete inscription to Christopher Tharpe, who is said to have died 
 in 1514. It reads thus : 
 
 ^f ^>^ c^arite pra^' for tljc 0oule of ^pofer TOarpe 
 
 baljicije tieceef^cti tijr rrbiii Dap of ^eptcmbrc p^ ^^u . . . 
 
 The two inscriptions are engraved in the Records of Bucking- 
 hamshire, vol. ii. p. 175, and a lithograph of the brass and 
 palimpsests, full size, has also been privately (?) printed. 
 
 Taplow. 
 
 Obverse. Thomas Manfelde, Esq., 1540, in armour, right foot 
 lost, and two wives, Agnes (Trewonwall), and Katherine, who 
 survived him, with foot inscription and three shields. 
 
 Male effigy 20 inches high, female effigies i8|- inches, and 
 inscription 23^ x 5 inches. 
 
 The three figures and inscription palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. The figure of Thomas Manfelde is cut out of a large 
 figure of a lady, apparently a widow, c. 1490 (?), or possibly 
 earlier. The left arm, a portion of the hand, portions of the 
 mantle with its long cord and tassels, and indications of the 
 under-dress alone remain. 
 
 The figure of the wife on his right hand is composed of two 
 fragments of earlier brasses. The upper and larger fragment, 
 15^ inches in length, is cut out of a larger figure, but owing to the 
 pitch and solder adhering to the surface it is impossible to say 
 what the figure originally was. In the rubbing only a few lines 
 show. The lower portion, 3x6 inches, shows the face and neck 
 of a lady, with a linked chain round the latter. The date appears 
 to be c. 1470, and the head may possibly have belonged to the 
 lady whose body now forms part of the inscription. 
 
 The figure of the wife on his left hand is made up of three 
 pieces of earlier work, but the whole is much obscured by pitch 
 and solder. The upper portion of the figure, 12 inches in length, 
 although split across diagonally, appears to be composed of por- 
 tions of the brass of an ecclesiastic, the fringed end of a stole or 
 maniple just appearing. The lower portion, 7 inches in length, 
 is cut out of an inscription in English verse. This inscription
 
 17 
 
 was in double columns, but only a few words at the end of the 
 first column remain, and only the fragments of two letters at the 
 beginning of the second : 
 
 " lo^e 
 
 Ijat!) pone 
 
 me obec tljrobje 
 
 be not eflotoe 
 
 to Cecil^e 
 
 . . . . f ^ork trulpe. »>,... 
 
 The inscription plate consists of two pieces of earlier work. 
 The larger, 20^ inches in length, is cut out of a large figure of a 
 lady, c. 1470? At the top the figure is cut off just about the 
 shoulders, and below a little above the feet. Enough remains to 
 show that the gown had an opening at the neck in the shape of 
 a pointed oval, was close-fitting and high-waisted, with a plain 
 girdle. The sleeves close and the cuffs of fur. Possibly the 
 head, previously mentioned, may have belonged to this figure. 
 The smaller piece of the inscription, about 3 inches in length, has 
 a few engraved lines only, showing the folds of some garment, 
 either the dress of a lady, or the chasuble of a priest. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. A black letter inscription in twelve English verses 
 to Ursula, wife of Thomas Jones, c. 1570. 
 
 Size of plate, 15I x 9J inches. 
 
 Reverse. This plate is made up of the figure of a lady, 
 c. 1500-20, cut into three pieces. Beginning on the left-hand side, 
 the first plate, 4^ inches in width, bears the head and hands of 
 the lady. The plate is cut across the forehead and across the fur 
 cuffs at the wrists. Enough remains to show the face, part of 
 the kennel-shaped head-dress, the hands and the fur cuffs. The 
 lady was facing to the right, so may have been one of a pair of 
 wives. The centre portion, 6f inches across, shows the lower part 
 of the figure and the feet, with the end of the long girdle. The 
 right-hand plate, ^\ inches across, shows the centre of the figure 
 with the upper part of the girdle. Owing to the curious manner 
 in which the figure has been cut up the pieces do not accurately 
 join, but all seem to belong to the same figure. 
 2
 
 t8 
 
 III. 
 
 Obverse. An inscription, ig x 5^ inches, to Robert Manfelde, 
 Esq., who served Kings Henry V. and VI. This inscription is 
 in Roman capitals, and appears to have been engraved c. 1600. 
 Fragments of an earlier marginal inscription to this same Robert 
 Manfyld, who died in 1459 (?), remain in the church. 
 
 The later inscription reads thus : 
 
 CoNDiTVR Hic Miles, Robertvs nomine Manfelde 
 
 AVLICVS EFFVLGENS HeNRICI TEMPORE QVINTI 
 Qvi VARIOS SVBIIT SVMO PRO ReGE LABORES 
 DVM GaLLOS ET NoRMANNOS per BELLA DORMABAT 
 ArMIGER AC QVARTVS H : PRO TVTAMINE SEXTI 
 EXTITIT ELECTVS, DVM MORS IN FVNERA TRAXIT. 
 
 Reverse. This shows about three-quarters of the figure of a 
 civilian, c. 1500, from the hands to the feet. He wears the usual 
 gown of the period with deep fur cuffs, and has a large gypciere 
 attached to his girdle. 
 
 The writer is indebted to Mr. James Rutland, of Taplow, for 
 the loan of the rubbings of these palimpsests. All are now relaid 
 in the new church and fastened down. 
 
 CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 
 
 BURWELL. 
 
 Obverse. A figure in cassock, surplice, and almuce, head on 
 cushion, originally under triple canopy, but only the centre pedi- 
 ment, with a figure of our Lord in Pity, remains. Marginal 
 inscription lost. Effigy 54 inches in height, size of whole com- 
 position 114 X 5i| inches. Generally and probably correctly 
 attributed to John Lawrence, of Wardeboys, Hunts, abbot of 
 Ramsey, 1508-39, who died in 1542, and was buried, according to 
 the directions in his will, in Burwell church. 
 
 Reverse. The remaining pediment of the canopy, excluding 
 the figure of our Lord, is made up of three pieces of an early 
 figure of a deacon, c. 1320 (?). The bottom portion of the canopy, 
 a plate of brass measuring 8 inches in height x 14 inches in 
 width, shows the dalmatic with its fringed edge and orphreys,
 
 19 
 
 and also a portion of the maniple. The centre portion, a small 
 piece of the finial, shows the embroidered amice at the neck, and 
 the top piece the face of the figure. 
 
 The effigy is composed of two pieces of metal, the upper hav- 
 ing nothing on the reverse. The lower, measuring 28 inclies in 
 length, bears thfe lower half of an abbot in rich vestments. The 
 figure is represented wearing the albe, stole, dalmatic, tunic, 
 maniple, and chasuble. The dalmatic, tunic and chasuble are 
 richly embroidered. The staff of the crosier also appears with 
 the tassel of the vexillum just showing. 
 
 That the slab was prepared for the brass of a mitred figure is 
 proved by the fact that the indent for the mitre still shows above 
 the head of the present figure, and that the lower part of the 
 figure originally occupied its present position is proved by its 
 fitting the indent exactly when reversed, but not so when as at 
 present. The monument may therefore have been prepared by 
 John Lawrence when abbot of Ramsey, and the figure altered 
 either by himself or by his executors to suit the changed times. In 
 order to do this a new upper half had to be provided for the 
 figure, as it was impossible to adapt the old part to the changed 
 conditions. The brass as it now remains consists, therefore, of 
 three parts : (i) the obverse of the canopy and the reverse of the 
 lower part of the figure, of date c. 1520; (2) the upper part of 
 the figure and the obverse of the lower part, of date c. 1540 ; (3) 
 the reverse of the canopy, of date, c. 1320 (?). 
 
 The obverse and reverse of the brass are beautifully engraved 
 in Messrs. Wallers' Scries of Monumental Brasses, and also by the 
 same engravers in the Publications of the Cambridge Antiquarian 
 Society, vol. ii. pi. i. Part of the effigy representing the lower 
 portion of the abbot is engraved in Haines' Introduction, p. ixviii. 
 
 Cambridge, Queens' College Chapel. 
 
 According to the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, 
 vol. ii. pp. no, 271, one of the crests at the corners of the mar- 
 ginal inscription to Robert Whalley, 1591, is palimpsest, and 
 bears a fragment of a Latin inscription to Thomas Cla..., 147 ., 
 on the reverse. It is thus described at p. 271, "A fragment of 
 an inscription on the reverse of the upper dexter corner-piece. 
 This fragment is 3 x 3^ inches, and bears in black letter, the 
 following words " :
 
 20 
 
 Uljomcf Cla ... 
 
 . . . rn^teU qi obiit . . . 
 ....(m)o €€(t (l°^dB^ . . . . 
 
 The loose piece is in the possession of the College authorities. 
 In 1897 ^11 the brasses still remained in the old chapel now 
 used as a lecture room. 
 
 Grantchester. 
 
 Described as follows in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass 
 Society, vol. iii. p. 24: "On the north side of the chancel floor, 
 the matrix of an inscription plate, 2| x 1 1 inches. A small frag- 
 ment of the plate (4 inches of one end) is in the keeping of the 
 incumbent. It is inscribed in black letter as follows" : 
 
 ^vatc p ala m 
 
 cava tic (Bncn .... 
 
 *' The reverse is also inscribed in black letter as follows" : 
 
 .... tic ^tobjc ^n 
 .... miffcabit 
 
 CHESHIRE. 
 
 Chester, Holy Trinity. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription, 17^ x 8|- inches, to Henry Gee, twice 
 mayor of Chester, who died in 1545. 
 
 ^crc tinticc l^^ctlj biir^'cti tljc botij? of 
 ^cnr^ (I5cc ttoo mma ma^cr o£ tijijs 
 cctj^'c ot Cljc0tcr iljj^cljc ticcc^^^ti tljc 
 titJj tia^ o£ September ^n" mi a^'Dalb" 
 on "txiW^ 0onl\c ilju Ijabc mcrc^. 
 
 Reverse. This inscription has been cut out of a large brass 
 representing a man in armour, c. 1520-30, wearing the mantle and 
 insignia of the Order of the Garter. The fragment shows the left 
 leg from the top of the knee to the instep. The knee is encircled 
 by the garter in the usual manner, but the motto does not appear. 
 A portion of the mantle remains, together with one of the long
 
 21 
 
 tasselled cords used for fastening this garment. The fragment 
 resembles in style the well-known brass to Sir Thomas Bullen, 
 K.G., 1538, at Hever, Kent. 
 
 Chester, Holy Trinity. 
 Reverse of Inscription. 
 
 CORNWALL. 
 
 CONSTANTINE. 
 
 Obverse. Rich. Gerveys, Esq., in civil dress, and wife Jane, 
 daughter of Thomas Trefusis, Esq., both buried 8th October, 
 1574, "\vith eight sons and eight daughters, quadrangular plate 
 with canopy, detached marginal inscription, peculiar. Engraved 
 E. H. W. Dunkin's Monumental Brasses of Cornwall, pi. xxxiii.
 
 22 
 
 Reverse. The quadrangular plate on which are engraved 
 the effigies of Richard Gerveys, wife, and children, is really 
 composed of two earlier plates soldered together. The upper 
 portion shows the figure of a man in armour, cut off at the waist 
 and across the forehead ; his head is bare, long curly hair shows 
 above the ears, and he has beard and moustache. His head 
 rests on a richly diapered cushion supported by angels. Over 
 his armour he wears a jupon charged with his arms, three crescents 
 surmounted by a bendlet. Portions of colouring matter were found 
 showing the field to have been argent ; the crescents and bendlets 
 appear to have been sable. The whole of the background of the 
 plate is filled in with a diaper of foliage, and portions of saints 
 under canopies appear at the edge on the right-hand side. One 
 of the saints may be St. John the Evangelist. The lower plate, 
 on which are engraved the Gerveys' children, is apparently the 
 upper corner of the same monument, and bears the pinnacles of 
 the canopy, a fragment of the symbol of St. Mark, and a few words 
 of a Flemish marginal inscription in Lombardic characters : 
 
 The whole is of Flemish origin, and may be dated c. 1375. 
 
 Both plates are engraved in Waller, p. xi. ; and the man in 
 armour only in the Gentleman'' s Magazine, N.S., vol. i. (1864), 
 p. 523 (erroneously lettered Harrow-on-the-Hill) ; Lithograph by 
 John Williams (full-size) ; and Dunkin, pi, xxxiv. 
 
 This brass has been relaid in a new stone and the palimpsest 
 portions fastened down. A small point in connection with the 
 Gerveys brass is worthy of notice. It was the work of a local 
 engraver, but as he was unable to engrave the heraldic charges, 
 he cut out a portion of the brass in the shape of the shield and 
 inserted another piece of brass on which the charges had been 
 engraved, probably in a London workshop. The hole for this 
 shield is plainly shown in all the engravings of the reverse of the 
 brass quoted above. 
 
 Mawgan-in-Pyder 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. A fragment of the marginal inscription to George 
 and Isabel Arundel), 1573. The fragment bears the words, " our
 
 23 
 
 lorde God MCC," in black letter, and is now preserved at War- 
 dour Castle. 
 
 Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish brass bearing portions of 
 two words and a part of a lozenge charged with heraldic devices. 
 The words are cut through the centre and consequently illegible, 
 and there is too little of the lozenge to give the arms. Engraved 
 Dunkin, pi. xli. fig. i. 
 
 The brass of George Arundell and wife Isabel originally 
 consisted of two effigies, twelve English verses, four shields of 
 arms, and a marginal inscription. The effigies are relaid in the 
 south aisle, the verses fastened to the screen, the shields lost, or 
 may be with the others on the screen, and the fragments of the 
 marginal inscription are at Wardour Castle. The brass is 
 engraved in Dunkin, pi. xxxvi. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Figure of Jane Arundell, 1577, and half the foot 
 inscription in thirteen English verses, the other half lost. Now 
 preserved at Wardour Castle. 
 
 Reverse. The figure of Jane Arundell is composed of frag- 
 ments from two different Flemish brasses. The upper half 
 of the figure shows portions of a rich canopy which originally had 
 saints in niches down the side, the upper half of one female saint 
 bearing a tower, perhaps St. Barbara, remains, the lower half 
 having been cut off in rounding the head. This portion is 
 engraved in Dunkin, pi. xli. fig. 5. The lower half of the figure 
 shows portions of the centre of a canopied device and is dated 
 1374. A small portion of a seated figure, probably God the 
 Father, remains, and on liis right are two nimbed figures playing 
 on musical instruments. Then comes a mass of canopy work, 
 and finally a small portion of the marginal inscription bearing the 
 words " no septimo (sic) quart." The whole of the background 
 is filled in with rich diaper. A somewhat similar device appears 
 on the back of the remaining portion of the verses. The central 
 figure is God the Father, seated, and holding a soul in a sheet, 
 on the right are two nimbed figures, one swinging a censer and 
 the other holding a candlestick. There is an abundance of rich 
 canopy and diaper work. Above the central figure is half a 
 shield bearing apparently a chevron gonttee de sang. These two 
 fragments are engraved in C. S. Gilbert's Historical Survey and
 
 24 
 
 Heraldy of Cornwall, vol. ii. p. 658 ; Transactions of the Exeter 
 Diocesan Architectural Society, i S. vol. iii. pi. 16; Haines' Intro- 
 duction, pp. 16, 17; Dunkin, pi. xl. Mr. Dunkin says: "On the 
 reverse of the missing half of the plate on which was engraved 
 the acrostic to Jane Arundell were the words, ' domini Millesimo 
 t . . . ,' which if placed before ' no septimo quart . . . ,' gives 
 the year 1374, thus 'domini Millesimo t [recentesi] mo septimo 
 quart . . .' This date agrees with the style of architecture and 
 the peculiar type of black letter made use of in the design. It 
 has been suggested that perhaps the brass was never used, owing 
 to the mistake the engraver made in the date, the latter part of 
 which should have been ' septuagesimo quarto.' " 
 
 The brass of Jane Arundell originally consisted of an effigy, 
 a foot inscription in thirteen English verses forming an acrostic, 
 and a marginal inscription. Fragments of the marginal inscrip- 
 tion are preserved in the church, but the figure and the half of 
 the verses are at Wardour Castle. It is engraved in Dunkin, pi. 
 xxxviii. 
 
 III. 
 
 Obverse. Head of Mary Arundell, 1578. Now preserved at 
 Wardour Castle. 
 
 Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish brass, being a portion of a 
 draped figure of a saint, headless, holding a clasped book. En- 
 graved Dunkin, pi. xli. fig. 3. 
 
 The brass of Mary Arundell originally consisted of an effigy, 
 a foot inscription in thirteen English verses, two shields of arms, 
 and a marginal inscription. The head of the effigy, the whole of 
 the marginal inscription, and one shield of arms, are at Wardour 
 Castle. The verses are fastened to the screen in the church. 
 The brass is engraved in Dunkin, pi. xxxvii. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Obverse. Fragment of marginal inscription to Cecily Arundell, 
 1578, bearing the words, " wyfFe who depa . . ." in black letter. 
 Now preserved at Wardour Castle. 
 
 Reverse. Fragment of a Flemish brass bearing a portion of 
 a richly diapered robe and part of the head of a small dog with 
 collar of bells. Engraved i^z/;;^^, pi. xli. fig. 6.
 
 25 
 
 The brass of Cecily Arundell originally consisted of an effigy, 
 a foot inscription in twelve English verses, and a marginal 
 inscription. The effigy has been relaid in the south aisle, the 
 verses are fastened to the screen, and the fragments of the mar- 
 ginal inscription are at Wardour Castle, The brass is engraved 
 in Dunkin, pi. xxxviii/ 
 
 V. 
 
 Obverse. A rose from one corner of the marginal inscription 
 to Edward Arundell, 1586. Now preserved at Wardour Castle. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of a man's face and neck, showing ruff and 
 doublet. Foreign, of late date. Engraved Dunkin, pi, xli, tig, 2. 
 
 The brass of Edward Arundell originally consisted of an effigy, 
 two plates, one with eight Latin verses, the other with eighteen 
 English verses, a marginal inscription with a rose at each corner, 
 and several shields of arms. The effigy has been relaid in the 
 south aisle, the verses are fastened to the screen, the shields are 
 lost, and the fragments of the marginal inscription are at War- 
 dour Castle, The brass is engraved in Dunkin, pi, xxxix. 
 
 VI. 
 
 Obverse. A shield charged with the arms and quarterings of 
 Arundell, It is: Quarterly I. Arundell. II, Quarterly (i,) and 
 (iv.) Dynham, (ii.) and (iii.) Arches. Ill, Chidiock, and IV. 
 Carminow. In the fess point is a mullet for difference. Now 
 preserved at Wardour Castle, 
 
 Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish brass, of late date, consist- 
 ing of a portion of scroll work, a few words of an inscription in 
 two lines with an outer border of foliage. Engraved Dunkin, pi. 
 xli. fig. 4. 
 
 The descriptions of these brasses are entirely taken from Mr. 
 Dunkin's admirable volume On Cornish Brasses. Haines states 
 the loose inscriptions to be at Lanherne Nunnery ; they have 
 since been removed to Wardour Castle, Tisbury, Wilts, the seat 
 of Lord Arundell of Wardour. 
 
 CUMBERLAND. 
 
 No palimpsest noted in this county.
 
 26 
 
 DERBYSHIRE. 
 
 ASHOVER. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Babyngton, Esq., of Dethik, 
 son of John, son and heir of Thomas Babyngton, by Isabel, 
 daughter and heiress of Robert Dethyk, Esq., 1518, now mural. 
 South Aisle. 
 
 Size of plate, 18x5 inches. 
 
 Reverse. On the back of the plate is another inscription to 
 Robert Prykke, serjeant-of-the-pantry to Queen Margaret, 1450, 
 and his three children, John, Robert, and Margaret. This in- 
 scription is now fastened down, but according to J. C. Cox's 
 Notes on Derbyshire Churches, vol. i. p. 30, was as follows: 
 
 ll|ic mn Eobcrtu0 |9rpkUe armiQ:' quontiam gfectiengf 
 ^aantric tini Q^arjyarete regina ^nglie 'clotljeef {sic) 
 Eobt'u0 ct ^arprcte lilirri sini qui quiticm Kobt'110 
 pater obiit mii tiie mens' 9^m SL° tini W^^^'^'^^^^ 
 quorum animabu0 propicictur ticu0 ^men. 
 
 The curious word " Tothes " is probably a transcriber's error 
 for " Johes," the contraction for Johannes. 
 
 Dale Abbey. 
 
 During excavations on the site of the abbey in 1879, several 
 small fragments of brass were found. Two pieces proved to be 
 palimpsest. They join together on the obverse side and show a 
 sort of cable band with a knot at one of the corners. The centre 
 is a blank. The writer has no explanation to offer as to its use. 
 1 he reverse of the larger piece shows the greater part of a human 
 face, but whether male or female it is difficult to say. The 
 smaller piece appears to be the neck of a lady wearing a wimple, 
 and may or may not have belonged to the face. The larger piece 
 measures about 7 X 45 inches, and the smaller 3x5 inches. 
 
 NORBURY. 
 
 Obverse. Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, justice of the Common 
 Pleas, 1538, head gone, and second wife Maud, daughter and
 
 27 
 
 co-heiress of Richard Cotton, Esq., of Hampstall Rydware, in 
 heraldic mantle, with five sons (lost) and five daughters (the 
 second in heraldic mantle), fourteen Latin verses on two plates, 
 one shield of arms, and three fragments of the marginal inscrip- 
 tion. 
 
 All the remaining parts, except the lower portion of the 
 daughters, palimpsest: 
 
 The figure of the judge in its present condition measures 
 29 inches in height, of the lady 36 inches, the daughters 1I5 X 
 I2i inches (the palimpsest portion 7^ x 12^ inches), the larger 
 plate with verses 225 x gj inches, the smaller plate 22^ x yk 
 inches, the shield 9x8 inches, and the fragments of the marginal 
 inscription respectively 15^, 15, and loi^ inches. The size of the 
 slab is 10 feet 4 inches x 4 feet 3 inches. 
 
 Reverse. The figure of the judge and that of his wife, exclud- 
 ing her head, join together and make up the greater portion of 
 the figure of a lady, c. 1320. The judge forms the lower half, 
 and his wife the upper. The lady belongs to the same type as 
 the figure of Lady Creke, c. 1325, at Westley Waterless, Cambs. 
 She is represented with wimple, close-fitting kirtle, over-gown 
 and mantle, the latter gathered up under her right arm. The 
 head of Dame Maud is formed out of a piece of canopy work and 
 has traces of one Lombardic letter of a marginal inscription, 
 showing it to have belonged to the sinister side of the compo- 
 sition. On the reverse of the children is a more perfect piece of 
 the canopy work with the figure of a monk, the background 
 •diapered with a fretty design, and on the edge a few letters of the 
 marginal inscription in Lombardic letters: 'J^^hJE^ - ©3E. 
 This piece belonged to the dexter side of the composition. The 
 shield is cut out of the centre pediment of the canopy and shows 
 the figure of God the Father seated and enclosed in a quatrefoil. 
 The three fragments of the marginal inscription all bear other 
 fragments of the Lombardic inscription, thus: X3Ei^ • X^El(2)^I?i 
 
 : .s3E:Bi:E. : — ^i^M-i^j^ - :e):e : yL\ — :jpm^m : 
 
 JSJ^* All these pieces form part of one composition. Mr. W. 
 H. St. John Hope, in the Journal of the Derbyshire Archaological 
 Society, vol. iv. p. 54, conjectures these pieces to have formed 
 part of the brass of one of the wives of Sir Theobaud de Verdun, 
 who died in 1316; and Mr. A. A. Armstrong, formerly Librarian 
 •of Denstone College and Curator of the School Museum, in a 
 pamphlet treating of the brass, ascribes it to Dame Matilda, wife
 
 28 
 
 of Theobald de Verdun, lord of Alton, who died in 1312 and was 
 buried in the south transept of Croxden Abbey. This abbey was 
 dissolved in 1538, and the greater part of the plunder became the 
 property of William Basset, who had married the judge's daugh- 
 ter Ehzabeth. 
 
 The two remaining plates on which are inscribed the Latin 
 verses belong to a much later memorial. The larger bears the 
 centre portion of a figure in monastic habit, probably a portion of 
 the prior referred to in the hexameters on the smaller plate. 
 This smaller plate bears the remains of the hexameter verses in 
 two parallel columns, but much cut down. They read thus : 
 
 . . . mas quonnam prior. Ijic tcllurc quicscit : 3|mquieti 
 
 muntiiim 0iln par 
 
 .0 Ijunc brr0um memor. r0to que morierief: Dile 
 
 ratiatcr mnx. M 
 
 . s^ana fee quiti . tiult giffuare catiatee : da earo U que 
 
 MU\ .be 
 
 . . aores eito . mareent ^eu que tiolores : ^ni tiant 
 
 merores eum 
 
 . . mci leges . mi fratee funtie preeameii: 3u penis 
 
 tiegeres ut ab 
 
 The date of these two plates may be placed c. 1440. 
 
 It is just possible that the blue marble slab may also be 
 pahmpsest and have on its reverse the casement of the earlier 
 brass. 
 
 All the palimpsests are now fastened down, but the late Sir 
 Wollaston Franks had careful electrotypes made and fastened to 
 a stout board. These now hang on the vestry wall. 
 
 The obverse and portions of the reverses are illustrated in the 
 Journal of the Derbyshire Archtsological Society, vol. iv. frontis- 
 piece, and the obverse and reverse are fully illustrated in the 
 Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, part vi. pis. 4 and 5. 
 
 Impressions, both of the obverses and reverses, are in the col- 
 lections of the British Museum, South Kensington Museum, the 
 Society of Antiquaries, and the Sheffield Museum. 
 
 Further information may be found in Mr. Hope's paper, above 
 cited, and in Mr. A. A. Armstrong's paper originally read before 
 the North Staffordshire Field Club, and published in its Trans- 
 actions for 1892.
 
 29 
 
 DEVONSHIRE. 
 Braunton. 
 
 Obverse. Lady Elizabeth Bowcer, daughter of John [Bouchier, 
 ist] earl of Bath, and wife of Edward Chechester, Esq., 1548, 
 kneeling at a desk, the lower part of which is broken away, with 
 inscription. 
 
 Effigy 13J inches high ; inscription plate 23^ x 4J inches. 
 
 Engraved in the Transactions of the Exeter Diocesan Architectural 
 Society, vol. vi. part ii., pi. 7. 
 
 Both plates palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. The figure of the lady shows on the reverse the face 
 and neck of a man in armour of the camail period, c. 1370. The 
 laces of the camail are plainly shown running round the front of 
 the bascinet, and the camail is composed of banded mail. This 
 fragment may be of foreign workmanship. On the reverse of the 
 inscription is part of the centre of the figure of a lady, c. 1370, a 
 portion of one of the long lappets or tippets hanging from the 
 elbow being just visible. Compare with the figure at Necton, 
 Norfolk, to Ismayne de Wynston, 1372. 
 
 Yealmpton. 
 
 Obverse. An inscription in six English lines to Isabel, third 
 daughter of Henry and Agnes Fortescue, and wife of [John] 
 Copleston, 1580. 
 
 <Jl\)i'i^c 0l)int\} September mnm f^te Ijuntirct) j'carref 
 
 t\)tm efpcut 
 auti fourc timc0 t^ciit^' tocrc m\cc Cljci^t to caitlj Voacf 
 
 0cnt 
 M,\)tix 3l2>abcl t\)t loicf of Coplcoton ticarc tiiti tivr 
 d)C tljirD ticU' buricti tljcnrc no\uc Ijcrc in tumbc Dotlj Ijr 
 %o ll}cnr^' ffortc-^ciic (sic) tljirtic tiauffljtrr b[' ticjjrce 
 ^uti ^ijnccf Ci\{\C Ijii* motljcrc? name of ^ainrtmainrccf 
 
 blotic \oc[0 0br. 
 
 Size of plate, 22 x 5^ inches. 
 
 Reverse. The upper portion of a quadrangular plate of Flemish 
 workmanship, c. 1460. The head of the person commemorated,
 
 30 
 
 a priest, just appears a little to the right of the centre of the 
 plate. Above and encircling his head is a twisted scroll with this 
 imperfect inscription : 
 
 ...esto -- manor = Varolii = prccibusf -- pia = tirgo... 
 
 Behind the figure, on the right hand-side, is a portion of a 
 large figure of St. James the Great with his pilgrim's staff, no 
 doubt the patron saint of the priest. On the left-hand side is the 
 head of the B.V. Mary with long plaited hair. She was pro- 
 bably represented seated, as there are indications of throne work 
 in the left-hand corner of the plate and near the head of the 
 figure. 
 
 -f^-^' 
 
 Yealmpton, Devon. 
 
 In the centre is a figure of God the Father seated on a large 
 high-backed throne and holding in a sheet the soul of the deceased, 
 represented as usual by a small naked figure, but having the 
 unusual feature of a nimbus round the head. The background 
 round the throne is studded with stars. The remainder of the 
 plate is diapered with rich foliage work. The brass, when com- 
 plete, seems to have been of a similar type to those at Basle, 
 Switzerland, to Isabel, duchess of Burgundy, 1450 ; Amiens, 
 France, to Bishop John Avantage, 1456 ; and Termond, Flanders, 
 to Peter and Margaret Esscheric, c. 1470. All figured in the 
 Rev. W. F. Creeny's Motiumental Brasses on the Continent of Europe. 
 
 The writer is indebted to the Rev. H. W. Macklin for the 
 knowledge of this interesting palimpsest and for a rubbing. 
 
 DORSETSHIRE. 
 
 Litton Cheney. 
 
 According to John Hutchins' History and Antiquities of the 
 County of Dorset, third edition, 1861-67, vol. ii. p. 755, there is
 
 31 
 
 a palimpsast inscription in this church. The account is somewhat 
 vague and the present writer has been unable to verify it. The 
 editors of the third edition of Hutchins say: "A brass plate, 
 which is palimpsest, that is, has been used before the last inscrip- 
 tion was engraved for a similar purpose. It has three inscriptions 
 altogether : " 
 
 (i) "hie iacet Johes Chapman ffyschmoger et Alicia uxor eius 
 qui quidm Johes obiit Septimana pasche anno dni M.CCCCLXXI 
 quor' aiabz ppicietur deus. Amen.'* 
 
 (2) "Hie iacet Alexandriam (?)Warnby qui obiit iiij° die mes' 
 
 anno dni M°CCCC°LXXXVP cui' ale ppiciet' deus." 
 
 (3) " Orate p aiabz Johis Newpton et Thome Neupto q"" alarum 
 ppiciet' d's." 
 
 As far as one can judge, No. 3 must be the obverse, and Nos. 
 I and 2 the reverse. 
 
 DURHAM. 
 
 No palimpsest noted in this county. 
 
 ESSEX. 
 
 The writer desires to express his great obligations to Messrs. 
 Miller Christy, W. W. Porteous, and E. Bertram Smith, for 
 knowledge of the palimpsests at Terling, Tolleshunt Darcy, 
 and Upminster ; also for the loan of rubbings and for much kind 
 assistance in every way in the preparation of the Essex list. 
 To Messrs. Christy and Porteous the writer is further indebted 
 for the loan of the blocks illustrating the brasses at Aveley, 
 Brightlingsea, Fryerning, and Strethall ; to the Society of Anti- 
 quaries for the block illustrating Stondon Massey ; to Mr. F, W. 
 Short for investigations at Walthamstow ; and to Mr. Arthur H. 
 Brown for the loan of the rubbing of a lost shield at Upminster. 
 
 Aveley. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Charles Barett, son and heir of 
 Edward Barett, Esq., 1584, aet. 29, and wife Christian, daughter 
 of Sir Walter Mildmay. Size of plate, 19^ x 5 inches. 
 
 ^rcc buticr Ipctlj Cljarlccf Barrtt cfonnc anH \)ti\'t to 
 (ElJbjarti Barett ccfquirc: toljo marprti Cljricftian tiatityljtfr 
 to s»ir ([(llaltcr ^tltimaj' knj'ffljt, anti Ijnti far Ijrr \\ 0onnccf 
 iinti on Uiiujyljtcr. Ijc ticccacfcfct) in tljc uk j'crr of Ijio 
 iiffc tljc biii tia^'c of ^w^mt an° ^\\\. 1584. 
 
 3
 
 32 
 
 Above the inscription is a shield (5^ inches in height) bearing 
 the arms of Barett, per pale (arg. and gu.),four bars counterchanged. 
 
 Reverse. On the back of the inscription is a portion of a 
 marginal inscription from a large Flemish brass. It bears the 
 following words 
 
 xxiii, 0tt. tiaclj. l mt^it + ^icr Icglj 
 
 enclosed between longitudinal foliated borders of simple, but 
 elegant design. The date is c. 1420. 
 
 The original slab, still containing the shield, lies on the floor 
 of the Chancel, but the inscription is loose, one piece being in the 
 hands of the vicar, and the other in the Colchester Museum. 
 
 efiaariSr %Mtt rfinmrrtta mamfr iW&im im4)m 
 
 anir mi WioWfr.ljr itttm^ in ije ^w »frr of to 
 aoe Uir ttn fiagr tf HUfiua an"* M. 1 5 8 4"^ 
 
 Palimpsest Inscription, Aveley, Essex. 
 
 About one-fifth full size. 
 
 For a full account of the history and vicissitudes of this brass see 
 Messrs. Christy and Porteous' account in The Transactions of the 
 Essex Archaological Society, N.S., vol. vii. p. 4, where both sides 
 of the brass are engraved. 
 
 Brightlingsea. 
 
 A bracket, c. 1400, whereon have been placed the effigies of 
 Dame Alice Beryff, 1536, and her daughter Margaret, inscription 
 lost. On floor of North or Beriffe Chapel. 
 
 This is a compound brass, and so far as is at present known, 
 a palimpsest by appropriation, although the figures are strongly
 
 33 
 
 Brightlingsea, Essex. 
 
 About one-eleventh full size.
 
 34 
 
 suspected to be true palimpsests. The bracket originally sup- 
 ported the figures of two priests in copes, the indents showing 
 the figures to have been about 25 inches in height. In 1536 the 
 smaller figures (22^^ inches in height) of Dame Alice and her 
 daughter were substituted. Messrs. Christy and Porteous, who 
 figure and describe this brass in The Transactions of the Essex 
 ArchiBological Society, N.S., vol. viii. pp. ig, 28, give the following 
 reasons for considering the ladies' figures to be palimpsest : — 
 " In the first place, the plates are (as the edges show) of greater 
 thickness than those ordinarily used when the later effigies were 
 engraved. As to the figure of the maiden lady, there can hardly 
 be a doubt that the curious contraction in the width of the gown^ 
 which is observable about the level of the knees, was rendered 
 necessary by the use of some earlier effigy, though, with a little 
 more care, this contraction could have been rendered much less 
 obvious or done away with altogether. That the existing effigies 
 are some three inches shorter than those on the back of which 
 they are engraved is easily accounted for ; for the narrow necks 
 of the priests would not allow of the insertion of taller effigies 
 of the width of those now existing into the same matrices. It 
 seems probable therefore, that, on the death of two lady members 
 of the Beriffe family, the effigies of the two earlier priests were 
 seized upon, cut down, and re-engraved on the reverse side by 
 some clumsy workman in order to make them serve as monu- 
 ments to the ladies in question." 
 
 FiNGRINGHOE. 
 
 Obverse. Effigies of John Alleyn, c. 1600, and his daughter 
 Ailse on one plate, with inscription. Male effigy i2| inches 
 high; inscription-plate i5|- x 3f inches. 
 
 The inscription only is palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. On the back of the inscription is a portion of the 
 text from Job i. 21, of about the same date. 
 
 Iehova dedit Iehova abstulit sit nomen .... 
 benedictv mors frvmarv meta est & . . . . 
 salvtis cvpio etiam dissolvi & esse cv . . . . 
 
 Now fastened to the Chancel wall.
 
 35 
 
 Fryerning. 
 
 Obverse. A lady, c. 1560, slightly mutilated at the head and 
 left arm. Height 22^ inches. Husband, children, shields and 
 inscription lost. Probably part of the brass to Leonard Berners, 
 third son and heir to William Berners the elder, Esq., 1563, and 
 wife Mary, eldest daughter and co-heiress of James Gedge, Esq., 
 of Shenfield. 
 
 Reverse. Obverse. 
 
 Palimpsest Figure, Fryerning, Essex. 
 
 About one-sixth full size. 
 
 Revevse. About two-thirds of the upper portion of a lady, c. 
 1460, attired in the usual costume of a widow. 
 
 The brass is now mounted in a frame so as to display both 
 sides and hangs in the Vestry. Both sides are engraved in 
 Alfred Suckling's Antiquities and Architecture of Essex, p. 8, and 
 in The Essex Review, vol. iii. p. 123.
 
 36 
 
 Stondon Massey. 
 
 Obverse. Effigies of Rainold Holingworth, 1573, in armour, 
 and wife, with foot inscription, and shield of arms with crest and 
 mantling on square plate. Effigies, male 18^ inches, female 
 I7f inches, inscription-plate 18 x 6| inches, shield of arms 
 7I X 6j inches. Relaid and now mural in Nave. 
 
 Reverse. The male and female effigies are palimpsest, being 
 made up of fragments of Flemish brasses of two different dates, 
 the whole of the female figure and the lower part of the male 
 being of one and the same date, probably of the latter part of the 
 fourteenth century, whilst the upper part of the male effigy is 
 considerably later. Rubbings of the brasses were exhibited 
 before the Society of Antiquaries on the 25th of January, 1877,* 
 by Mr. Edward Cox, who stated " they had been removed from 
 the church for security on account of the stone beneath having 
 crumbled away. They had now been replaced in the church, 
 under his superintendence, in what is known as the Chapel of the 
 Meyer family, to whom the Stondon property came some forty 
 or fifty years ago, when the last of the Holingworths died, leaving 
 no direct issue." Mr. A. W. Franks, Director, communicated 
 the following remarks on the palimpsest portions : — " The former 
 [i.e., the earlier work, on the reverse of the feiiiale and the lower 
 part of the male effigy) consist of two canopies, of which the 
 upper one is imperfect. In the lower is the figure of St. Andrew, 
 fully draped, with a nimb, bearing in his right hand a book, and 
 in his left his usual attribute, a cross saltire. In the upper one 
 is a figure of St. Bartholomew, also with a nimb, the right hand 
 pointing out of the canopy towards the sinister, and the left hold- 
 ing his usual attribute, a flaying-knife, with the point upwards. 
 Immediately under the right hand, on the outside of the mantle, 
 appears a singular mark, to which it may be well to call atten- 
 tion, though I am not prepared to say it has any significance. 
 It would be interesting if it should hereafter prove to "be an 
 artist's mark." 
 
 " It is noticeable that the lower portion of the engraving on 
 the back of No. i {i.e., the male effigy) is inverted. It appears, 
 if placed in its proper position, to fit the lower portion of No. 2 
 
 ' Proceedings, 2 S., vol. vii. p. 123.
 
 37 
 
 
 Palimi'sest Reverses, Stondon Massey, Essex. 
 
 t 
 
 J linear.
 
 38 
 
 {i.e., the female effigy) from which it was probably taken and 
 soldered on No. i in its present position." 
 
 " On the upper part of the back of No. i (see woodcut) is a 
 large portion of the arms of Cleves and La Marck quarterly, 
 with an inescutcheon, of Burgundy modern and ancient quarterly, 
 and Flanders over all. ^ Adolphus, first Duke of Cleves, married 
 for his second wife Mary of Burgundy, one of the daughters of 
 John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy, and died in 1448. (See 
 L'Art de Verifier les Dates, xiv. p. 400). The coat of Burgundy, 
 with an inescutcheon of Flanders, was borne by the Dukes John 
 the Fearless and Philip the Good, until the latter acquired the 
 Duchy of Brabant in 1430. The arms on the brass can scarcely 
 be those of Adolphus, first Duke of Cleves, and Mary of Bur- 
 gundy, as she was not an heiress, which according to modern 
 English heraldry such a marshalling of arms would denote ; but, 
 according to French or German heraldry in the fifteenth century, 
 these arms might have led one to suppose that a Duke of Bur- 
 gundy, or a member of his family, had become or claimed to be 
 Duke of Cleves ; or, that a Duke of Cleves had become Duke of 
 Burgundy : neither of which cases was the fact. John, Duke of 
 Cleves, the eldest son of Adolphus, bore the arms of Cleves and 
 La Marck only ; either side by side, as on his seal (see Vredius, 
 Genealogia Com. Flandr., p. 119), or impaled, as in the achievement 
 of his arms as knight of the Toison d'Or (which he had been 
 created in 1451), which were placed in 1458 over his stall in the 
 church of Our Lady at Bruges (see Gaillard's Inscriptions et 
 Monuments de la Flandre Occidentale, tom. i. pt. 2, p. 8 ; Chifflet, 
 Insignia Gentilitia Eqn. Ord. Veller'is anrei. No. xlvii. p. 27 ; Maurice, 
 Toison d'Or, p. 58). His younger brother, however, Adolphus, 
 Lord of Ravenstein, bore the arms of Cleves and La Marck 
 quarterly, with the inescutcheon of Burgundy, as shown by 
 his seal (Vredius, Geneal. Com. Flandr., p. 122; Sceaux des Grands 
 Feudataires, pi. xxxii. fig. 2 ; Demay, Inventaire des Sceaux de la 
 Flandre, Nos. 123, 124), and in his achievement placed over his 
 stall in the church of Our Lady at Bruges in 1458 (Gaillard, 
 p. 10). The same arms were continued by his son Philip, and 
 it is possible that this younger branch of the Cleves may have 
 
 ' Cleves. Gu., an escutcheon arg., over all an escarbuncle or. La Marck. 
 Or, afess chequy arg, and gu, BURGUNDY Modern. Az., three fleiir-de-lys or 
 within a bordtire gobony arg. and gti. Burgundy Ancient. Bendy of six or 
 and az., a bordiire gii. Flanders. Or, a lion rampant sa.
 
 39 
 
 adopted the inescutcheon of Burgundy as a difiference. A 
 splendid mausoleum was erected at the Dominican church at 
 Brussels for Adolphus, Lord of Ravenstein, who died 1492, and 
 his second wife in 1501. It consisted, however, of effigies in 
 relief with rich metal v/ork, and remained till the destruction 
 of the Dominican church in the bombardment of Brussels in 
 1695 (see Brahantia Sacra). It does not therefore seem probable 
 that the plate of which our brass is a portion, and which was 
 laid down in 1573, was derived from it. There may, however, 
 have been an earlier tomb for the first wife of Adolphus, Beatrice 
 of Portugal, who was buried at Quesnoy." 
 
 " The obscure object on the dexter side of the brass, above 
 the arms, is part of the crest of the Duke of Cleves, which was, 
 according to Chifflet {Insig. Gent. Ord. Eq. Veil, anvei, No. xlvii. 
 p. 27), ' Une teste de taureau affrontee de gueulles, armee et 
 allumee d'or, sommee d'une couronne cerclee an blason de la 
 fasce de La Marck, rehaussee de fleurons d'or.' The chequy 
 portion, seen above the eye of the bull in the woodcut, is part of 
 the fesse of La Marck above mentioned. This crest seems here 
 to have been treated as a helmet, and the bars at the mouth 
 of the bull are a portion of the visor. They are so represented 
 in Maurice, Toison d'Or, p. 50," 
 
 This interesting palimpsest is now fastened down. The 
 reverses are engraved in Proceedings of the Society of A ntiquavies of 
 London, 2 S. vol. vii. pp. 124, 125, and here reproduced by kind 
 permission of the Society. 
 
 Strethall, 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Abbott, rector, 1539. Size 
 of plate 14 X 4i inches. 
 
 ^tu Uctlj iJl^aiorrr Uljomaef Abbott 
 late pGoit Ijrr' toljlclj tirrrosm p \^m Daj' 
 of C^rtob' tbf ;'rr' of our lorti iJl^iCCCCC 
 31^^^3131^ on I0I300 ooiilr Jcoii Ijaiic nuuc^' 
 
 Now erroneously placed under the figure of a priest in 
 academicals, c. 1480, in the Chancel. 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription to Margaret Siday, c. 1450.
 
 40 
 
 9^e Sl^argnretam ^ttiap mono tcrmibug t^am 
 £iuontiam formo^am muUcrcm relliffio^am 
 ^ic contemplantc0 qualcef critic memorantegf 
 4Bo0citc po0co tieum cclicf nonet miciji mansfum 
 
 The reverse is now fastened down. There is a plaster cast 
 in the Saffron Walden Museum. Both sides of the plate are 
 engraved in The Reliquary and Illustrated Archaeologist, vol. v. p. i6. 
 
 33ijlrtn!]ioIfl) innuMs^onft inirftiutintliin ^- 
 
 
 Palimpsest Inscription, Strethall, Essex. 
 
 About one-sixth full size. 
 
 Terling. 
 
 A small corner of the inscription belonging to the brass to 
 William Rochester, Esq., 1558, in civil dress, and wife Elizabeth, 
 1566, with six sons and four daughters, brass engraved c. 1584, 
 is loose and proves to be palimpsest. On the obverse this corner 
 bears the letters " In an | And fy " in two lines, and on the reverse 
 two letters of an inscription in raised black letter. The fragment 
 measures 2 x i| inches and belongs to the left-hand corner of 
 the inscription. 
 
 TOLLESHUNT DaRCY. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. The lower portion of the border of a large Flemish 
 brass, c. 1375. The plate measures 38 x 6f inches, and is
 
 4i 
 
 composed of three strips, which respectively measure, beginning 
 from the right, 13I, 9, and 15^ inches. The odd 5 inch is made 
 up in the joints which do not fit very closely. 
 
 The design consists of a background richly ornamented with 
 conventional vine leaves and bunches of grapes, a long curving 
 scroll, or rather a series of small scrolls, containing clauses from 
 the Apostles' Creed. In the centre is a small seated figure of 
 the Virgin, crowned, and holding the Child in her arms. On the 
 right is a seated figure of St. Philip, his name ^. ^IjllippUS 
 on a small scroll above his head, in his right hand he holds a 
 long cross and with his left points to a scroll bearing the words 
 from the Creed attributed to him. On the left is a similar figure 
 of St. Bartholomew, a small scroll above his head bearing his 
 name ^. 3flrtl)0lrntru', in his right hand he holds a knife and 
 with his left points to the scroll. In the right hand corner is the 
 winged ox of St. Luke, and in the left the winged lion of St. 
 Mark. 
 
 The scroll, or series of small scrolls, reads thus : 
 
 liti patrifif omipotctis | itir bctiir' iutircarc ijitioe> t ntor= 
 tuo0 1 Crctio ill 0'pm sanctum 1 sancta(m) 
 
 The words " dei patris omnipotentis " form part of the clause 
 " sedit ad dextram dei &c." attributed to St. James the Less and 
 probably his figure appeared on the side strip above the emblem 
 of St. Luke. To St. Philip is attributed the clause, " Inde 
 venturus est judicare vivos et mortuos," and to St. Bartholomew 
 the clause, "Credo in spiritum sanctum," whilst the single word 
 " Sancta(m) " forms part of the clause, " Sanctam Ecclesiam 
 Catholicam," attributed to St. Matthew, and whose figure was 
 probably on the side strip above the emblem of St. Mark. 
 
 This side of the brass is engraved in The Transactions of the 
 Essex Archaeological Society, N.S., vol. i. p. 3, and in F. Chancellor's 
 Ancient Sepulchral Monuments of Essex, pi. xlvii. Also compare 
 with this the border of the well-known brass at Schwerin to 
 Bishops Godfrey and Frederick de Bulowe, 1375, engraved in the 
 Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monumental Brasses of Europe, p. 10. 
 
 Reverse. The two end pieces are palimpsest, but the centre 
 piece is blank. These two palimpsest pieces bear a design some- 
 what similar to that on the obverse. The background is similar, 
 the emblems of St. Luke and St. Mark appear in the corners, but 
 the Saints are different and the scrolls are treated in a different 
 manner.
 
 42 
 
 
 U 
 
 E- 
 Z 
 
 u 
 
 S . 
 
 O X 
 
 < M 
 
 ^ W 
 X . 
 
 > 
 
 < 
 Q 
 
 z 
 
 D 
 
 o 
 
 (I. 
 O 
 
 > 
 
 Pi 
 
 Q 
 < 
 
 OS 
 
 > 
 O 
 
 3 
 O 
 
 <
 
 43 
 
 The larger piece has the seated figure of St. James the Less 
 holding a club or fuller's bat in his left hand and pointing with 
 his right to a scroll bearing the words, ^CllCt iltl tiCltCram UCl 
 patrigf OmnipOtCntief. in the comer is the winged lion of St. 
 Mark represented seated and not as on the obverse standing. 
 
 On the smaller plate is a seated figure of St. Thomas, but 
 owing to the solder used in brazing the plates together his em- 
 blem is obliterated. His left hand points to a scroll bearing the 
 
 following clause, 2Dic iT^urrcrit a mortin0 a0ccntiit ati 
 
 CClOgf. In the right-hand corner is the winged ox of St. Luke 
 seated. 
 
 This interesting fragment is now nailed to the wall of the 
 Darcy Chapel, but whether it ever formed part of a large Flemish 
 brass in the church of Tolleshunt Darcy, or whether it has 
 drifted into this church from some other source, is unknown. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. A lady, c. 1535. Effigy ijh inches in height. 
 Inscription lost. 
 
 Obverse. Reverse. 
 
 Palimpsest Figure, Tolleshunt Uakcy, Esse.x. 
 
 About one-sixth full ^ixtb. 
 
 Now placed on the wall of the Darcy Chapel. Possibly 
 Katherine, wife of Thomas, son of Anthony Darcy, Esq., 1535.
 
 44 
 
 Revevse. A portion of the lower part of an abbot or bishop, c. 
 1400 (?). Portions of the following vestments can be seen: the alb 
 with its lower apparel, one end of the stole, the dalmatic or tunic 
 with its fringed border, and the chasuble. Now nailed to the 
 wall of the Darcy Chapel. 
 
 III. 
 
 Obverse. An inscription, within an ornamental border, to 
 Anthony Darcy, Esq., justice of the peace, 1540. To this 
 inscription belongs (?) a large nondescript armed figure, a six- 
 teenth or seventeenth century copy of an early fifteenth century 
 brass." 
 
 I feftiiliB0pofocfi)t)9lQili5©P;frH 
 
 
 
 Palimpsest Inscription, Toli.eshunt Darcy, Essex. 
 
 About one-eighth full size. 
 
 The inscription only is palimpsest. It measures 21 x 10 
 inches, and reads thus : 
 
 l3crr tinticr tljj'ef 0tcnc \}Kt\\ ^\\m\^ 2Darc^ 
 rsquicr $ ^wQtizt of tlje peace to ou^ 0ou'aig:'e 
 lorn kino: Ijrnq' tljc Viii toljirlj ^nton[> nccejspli 
 tljc rbiii U^ of October an° tint 9^^V^^1L° 
 
 ' Apparently copied from the brass to John de Boys, Esq., 1419, still pre- 
 served in the church. A similar instance of the copying of an earlier figure 
 occurs in the church of St. Peter Mancroft, Norwich, where the armed figure of 
 Peter Rede, Esq., who died in 1568, is represented in armour of the period c. 
 1470. Peter Rede is engraved in Haines' Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. 52.
 
 45 
 
 The figure and inscription are engraved in F. Chancellor's 
 Ancient Sepulchral Monuments of Essex, pi. xlvi. 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription in raised black letter to Robert 
 and Maud le Wale, who both died on the 28th of July, 1362. 
 It is of Flemish workmanship and reads as follows : 
 
 + ^tatc . 0pcnalitcr . pro aialnm . robcrti . 
 k Miaic . n . matiltiio . fonscrticf . cmsticm 
 quorum . rorpcra . mb . i0to . lapitir . sunt 
 Ijumata . qui . olncruiit . Uiccsimo . tiii tJic . men 
 0(0 . iulii . anno . tiommi . milcsimo . trc 
 ccntf0lmo . E^ii . animafau0 . quorum 
 propicictur . alti0imu0 . amen . 
 
 Now nailed to the wall of tlie Darcy Chapel. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Four shields with Darcy arms, &c., sixteenth century, now 
 fastened to the wall of the Darcy Chapel. 
 
 Obverse, (i.) A shield, 5I x 45 inches, bearing the arms of 
 Darcy, {Arg.), three cinquefoils {gu.), pierced {of the field), in fess 
 point a crescent . . . for difference. 
 
 (2.) A shield, similar in size, bearing Darcy, as above, impal- 
 ing . . . a fess . . . hetuieen three oak leaves . . . , perhaps for 
 FitzLangley.^ 
 
 (3.) A shield, similar in size, but broken into two pieces, 
 bearing Darcy as above. 
 
 (4.) A mutilated and broken shield, apparently belonging to 
 the same series. In its present condition it only measures about 
 5x4 inches in its broadest parts. It appears to bear the arms 
 of Darcy, as above, impaling . . . tivo chevrons . . . , but it is very 
 indistinct.*^ 
 
 Reverse, (i) and (2) are cut from the same brass: when 
 placed together they show the hands, a portion of the right arm 
 
 ' The arms of Darcy quartering FitzLangley (Arg.), a fess between three oak 
 leaves (gu.), occur on a mural monument in the church of All Saints, Maldon, to 
 the memory of Thomas Darcy, Esq., 14S5, sec Chancellor's ^«(/f«/ Sepulchral 
 Monuments of Essex, p. 146. 
 
 = This impalement may be Tyrei.i., (Arg.), two chevrons (az.), ivithin a 
 bordure engrailed (gu.).
 
 46 
 
 and the upper part of the body of a figure, probably an ecclesi- 
 astic, in academical dress, a Master or Bachelor of one of the 
 Faculties, wearing a fur-lined tippet and hood. The cuffs of the 
 under-dress reach up to the knuckles. Date c. 1420. Com- 
 pare with the figure of John Motesfont, LL.B,, vicar of Lydd, 
 1420, in the church of Lydd, Kent.^ 
 
 {3.) Shows a portion of an ecclesiastic in amice and chasuble. 
 Date c. 1420 (?). The figure is cut off just below the chin and 
 just below the knuckles. 
 
 321 4 
 
 Palimpsest Shields, Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex. 
 
 About one-fifth full size. 
 
 (4.) This fragment has a few engraved lines only, but may 
 possibly be a portion of the chasuble of No. 3. 
 
 Upminster. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. A civilian, c. 1540, turned sideways and wearing a 
 doublet, to the girdle of which is attached the gypciere, tight 
 hose, the usual fur-lined gown with long false sleeves, and very 
 broad-toed shoes. Inscription lost. Height of effigy 17 inches. 
 
 ' Engraved in T. H. Oyler's Lydd and its Chiinh (fronds.).
 
 47 
 
 Reverse. The figure has been cut out of the lower part of a 
 much larger figure of an ecclesiastic, either an abbot or a bishop, 
 vested in albe, stole, tunic or dalmatic, and chasuble. Probable 
 
 Obverse Reverse. 
 
 Palimpsest Figure, Upminster, Essex. 
 
 About one-sixth full size. 
 
 date c. 1400-20. This figure is now fastened to the wall of the 
 North Chantry. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Nicholas Wayte, citizen and mercer of London (son 
 of Thomas Wayte, citizen and draper of London), lord of the 
 manor of Geynes in Upminster, died August 7, 1542, and wife 
 Ellen, daughter of Robert Dencort, of Alveley, by Elizabeth, his 
 first wife, daughter of Jenkyn Gierke, of Alveley, died May 27, 
 1545. The inscription mentions that Robert Dencort afterwards 
 married Maryon Myller, and had issue Richard, Annes, and Alice 
 Dencort. 
 
 Male effigy 19] inches in height, female 184 inches, inscrip- 
 tion-plate 22 X 7 inches. All palimpsest. 
 
 4
 
 48 
 
 Reverse. The figures of Nicholas Wayte and wife are cut out 
 of a very large foreign brass, probably Flemish, of an abbot or 
 bishop, and when placed together show the gloved hands folded 
 on the body, part of the chasuble richly diapered with large 
 foliage work, the centre orphrey having small figures of Saints 
 under canopies. A portion of the stem of the crosier also appears. 
 Both pieces show signs of considerable wear. The work, from the 
 style of ornamentation, may be dated in the last quarter of the 
 fifteenth century, probably c. 1480. Two pieces from this same 
 figure are re-used in parts of a brass to a member of the Knighton 
 family, c. 1545, at Bayford, Hertfordshire.^ So far as the writer 
 is aware this is the first instance in which pieces of one and the 
 same brass have been identified in two separate churches. It is 
 also interesting as proving that the two later brasses came from 
 the same workshop. 
 
 The reverse of the inscription shows a portion of another 
 inscription consisting of an epitaph in Latin verse, four lines 
 remaining perfect, but a fifth has been bisected and is illegible. 
 This inscription is in very large and bold black letter, apparently 
 of English workmanship, c. 1500. It reads thus : 
 
 jF^lir ilia W& albo gfiffnantia lapillo 
 €n tntvtt fuller limina 0ancta pater 
 3111 pro meritisf retidat pia premia eljrijstuief 
 Siue maueant cueto0 intiubitata pio0. 
 
 The writer is indebted to the Rev. J. E. Field, of Benson, for 
 the following metrical paraphrase of these lines : 
 
 " Set we the white-stone mark upon that happy day 
 When o'er the holy threshold Father Fuller trod his way 
 To him Christ for His merits the pious guerdon give 
 Which undoubted waits for all men the pious life that live." 
 
 The brass is now fastened to the wall of the Nave. 
 
 III. 
 
 A small fragment, now lost, reproduced from a rubbing in the 
 collection of the Society of Antiquaries. 
 
 ' See illustration, Bayford, Herts.
 
 49 
 
 tufmrnM f fisfliJrt^WM i6Bf (iro(ti 3?l9a^a$ tfiafftiralt^finikjr Jaw/ 
 
 nj'nnt 5titilrif4W^«nf'a\n'ni ^men.v^ 
 
 CAMMVMAV UU/'tVV' 
 
 7« wvMMv 
 
 
 Obverse and Reverse of the Wayte Brass, 1545, 
 
 Upminster, Essex. 
 
 About one-eicrhth full size.
 
 50 
 
 Obverse. A fragment of a helmet with mantling. Possibly a 
 portion of the lost figure of Roger Dencourt, Esq., 1455. 
 
 \ 
 
 > 
 
 
 ¥^^m 
 
 <^ 
 
 Formerly at Utminster, Essex. 
 
 Reverse. A small piece of canopy work of English design, 
 probably a " waster." 
 
 IV. 
 
 In the collection of Mr. Arthur H. Brown, of Brentwood, is a 
 rubbing, taken in September, 1862, of a palimpsest shield, 6 x 5^^ 
 inches, now lost. On the obverse are the arms of the Mercers' 
 
 Obverse. Reverse. 
 
 Formerly at Upminster, Essex. 
 
 One-third full size. 
 
 Company ; on the reverse a shield bearing a chevron and on a 
 chief some charge resembling an eagle displayed ; but the whole 
 design is much obscured by pitch. The shield may have formed
 
 51 
 
 a portion of the brass to Nicholas Wayte, 1545, who, as stated 
 in his inscription, was a citizen and mercer of London. The 
 family of Brown, of South Weald, Essex, bore (gu.), a chevron 
 between three lions' Jambs erect and erased {arg.), on a chief (of the 
 second) an eagle displayed (sa.), armed and crowned {or), which may 
 possibly be the coat here represented. The writer is indebted to 
 Mr. A. H. Brown for the loan of the rubbing from which the 
 accompanying illustration has been made. 
 
 Walthamstow. 
 
 Obverse. — Hale, in civil dress, and wife — , daughter of 
 — Porter, born at Grantham, died in 1588 (only lower part of 
 figure left), and inscription in eight Latin verses. 
 
 Obverse and Reverse ok the Hale Brass, 1588, 
 Walthamstow, Essex. 
 
 About one-tenth full size. 
 
 The male effigy measures igt inches in height ; the female, in 
 its present mutilated condition, 6 inches ; and the inscription- 
 plate 17 X 6| inches. 
 
 There is an engraving of this obverse side with the figure of 
 the wife complete in J. P. Malcolm's Views Within Tivclve Miles 
 Round London, 181 1, intended as an Appendix to Lysons' 
 Environs of London.
 
 52 
 
 Reverse. The male figure is cut out of the lower portion of 
 a much larger figure of a civilian, c. 1450, a portion of the girdle 
 appearing at the head and a slight indication of the fur border of 
 the bottom of the tunic at the feet. The remaining portion of 
 the female figure exhibits on the reverse the hands, a portion of 
 the sleeves, and the girdle of another civilian, also of date, c. 
 1450. 
 
 The inscription, or a portion of it, is probably palimpsest, but 
 no record seems to have been made when the brass was shifted. 
 There is a suspicious joint in the right-hand corner which has 
 every appearance of being the outline of the base of a figure to 
 which a small portion has been added to complete the date. 
 Some few years ago the brass was relaid in a cement slab 
 in the Nave, but very soon the figures became loose and were 
 removed into the Vestry. Eventually the inscription was taken 
 up and together with the male figure fastened to a pillar at the 
 
 filtsi .pOTirri.^ljalffioie Jijrirtts frfrjajfl: 
 •^ Sraw^ham mf annnt; mmr MQotmc ttramlo 
 QimtUDF fti jiiates j^atas tttiiSfmJi) wuittiira . 
 
 Mixri xr.ffiFi)-, nna rl;nlic. mri trarHt.RTf; viom 
 fisrrrafinruus rt jniltetamni ifla pmrau) 
 ^ nimraiirtfsijtiinisji&'nrf Msto. 
 tus cratf pi) imnrrs gmWrrt froQ. . ' 
 c BirEf mnrtr PTU6. pnnnjuiro Oetre i^s'. 
 
 Obverse of Hale Inscription, 1588, Walthamstow, Essex. 
 
 east end of the South Aisle. The upper part of the female figure 
 had disappeared before i860. The lower part was loose in the 
 Vestry cupboard in January, i9oi,when the church was visited 
 by Mr. F. W. Short, to whom the writer is indebted for the 
 above illustration. 
 
 WiMBISH. 
 
 A small fragment from the now lost brass to Joan Strangman, 
 c. 1575, is preserved in the British Museum. For many years it 
 was in the possession of the late Canon Sparrow Simpson who 
 had purchased it with other curiosities and being unable to 
 identify it presented the fragment to the Museum in 1874. 
 
 Obverse. A small portion, 2f x 3f inches, of the left elbow of 
 the lady.
 
 53 
 
 Reverse. Five letters " blllgi/' part of a word from the 
 marginal inscription of a large Flemish brass, c. 1420. A portion 
 of the design for an angle emblem also appears. Haines (vol. ii. 
 p. 64) says " on reverse an effigy of St. John, &c.," but nothing is 
 known of this. The brass has been fully described and illustrated 
 by Messrs. Christy and Porteous in the Transactions of the Monu- 
 mental Brass Society, vol. iii. p. 262. 
 
 GLOUCESTERSHIRE. 
 Bristol, Temple Church. 
 
 Obverse. A priest in processional vestments, viz., cassock, 
 surplice, and cope, but the almuce is omitted. Date c. 1460. 
 Inscription lost. Relaid in a new stone on the Chancel floor. 
 Height of effigy 27 inches. 
 
 Reverse. The figure of the priest is cut out of the larger 
 figure of a lady, of date c. 1460, and apparently representing a 
 widow, as she wears the plaited barbe and mantle, and has a ring 
 on the third finger of the right hand. This portion is now 
 fastened down. From the similarity of dates it is probable 
 that this figure was a " waster," either from some defect in the 
 workmanship or because it failed to please the representatives of 
 the family. 
 
 Both sides of the brass are engraved in George Pryce's Notes 
 on the Ecclesiastical and Monumental Architecture and Sculpture of 
 the Middle Ages in Bristol, p. 118, fig. 9, and in C. T. Davis' 
 Monumental Brasses of Gloucestershire, p. 59. 
 
 The writer is indebted to Mr. Davis for the loan of the block 
 from which the accompanying illustration is printed. 
 
 HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 DUMMER. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Alice Magewik, 1591. Size of plate 
 9^ X 2^ inches. 
 
 ^cre l^'ctlj t\)c boli[' of ailj'S 
 S^atjctoik of 2Dumrr tortiolo 
 bljo tircti t\)c ruii \ji\vc of 
 3|anuarj^' ^iino 2Dni 1591.
 
 54 
 
 "" iiiniiiiiiiii'"""""^"'^'"""^ 
 
 Palimpsest Brass, c 1460, Temple Church, Bristol, Gloucestershire. 
 
 About one-quarter full size.
 
 55 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription to Sir Robert Clerk, chaplain of 
 the chantry of Peter Fabiller. Date c. 1500. 
 
 ^it mtt ringf Kobcrtu0 Clerk quoria[m] 
 
 Capdlanujs Cantarief prtri ffabillec i[n] 
 
 p'0enti tztWa. funtiat' twi' m ppiciet' tic' ^[men]. 
 
 Found in 1889 under the pews in the South Aisle, and now 
 hung on a hinge and fastened to the wall. 
 
 Odiham. 
 
 Obverse. A man in armour, c. 1540, feet lost, now mural, 
 North Chantry. Height of effigy in its present mutilated con- 
 dition 23^ inches. Possibly Richard Vass, Esq., 1542. The 
 original slab, now partly covered by the stove, shows indents for 
 this figure, two wives, two groups of children (one group consist- 
 ing of one son and five daughters yet remains under the stove), 
 an inscription, and several shields. It appears to have been once 
 on an altar tomb, but this has been destroyed. 
 
 Reverse. The figure is made up of three odd pieces. The 
 top piece, 4|- x 4f inches, bears a few engraved lines only, 
 much obscured by pitch, and may possibly have been a portion of 
 the priest in the centre piece. The centre piece, measuring 
 loi X 9| inches, is cut out of the centre of a figure of a priest in 
 a cope, c. 1480 (?). The bottom piece, 9 inches in length, bears 
 a portion of a draped figure, c. 1440 (?), 
 
 Winchester College. 
 
 In the possession of the Warden of the College is the greater 
 portion of the original figure of John White, elected Warden of 
 the College in 1541, consecrated Bishop of Lincoln in 1554, 
 translated to Winchester in 1556, deprived in 1559, died at South 
 Warnborough in 1560, and buried in Winchester Cathedral. 
 The brass was probably engraved and laid down in the College 
 Chapel about the year 1548. When the Chapel was restored in 
 1877, some of the brasses, including this one, were taken up for 
 safety, but when again required, could not be found, nor, with
 
 56 
 
 the exception of this fragment, have any of them been recovered. 
 In 1882, Dr. Freshfield caused facsimiles of all the missing 
 brasses to be engraved and laid down in the Chapel. The 
 original figure is palimpsest. 
 
 Obverse. Effigy of Warden White, head and feet lost. Size 
 of figure in its present condition 31 x 135 inches. The Warden 
 is vested in a cassock, surplice, and cope richly embroidered with 
 pomegranates and roses, the hood just appearing on the shoul- 
 ders. The cope is fastened by a large morse charged with the 
 sacred monogram. 
 
 Reverse. The figure has been cut out of the upper part of a 
 much larger figure of a lady, in the costume of a widow, c. 1440. 
 The end of the plaited barbe appears on the breast, the over- 
 gown has large surplice sleeves, and the tight-fitting sleeves of 
 the undergown appear at the wrists. 
 
 Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Havipshire Field 
 Club Papers and Proceedings, vol. iii. pi. i, page 80. 
 
 ISLE OF WIGHT. 
 No palimpsest noted here. 
 
 HEREFORDSHIRE. 
 No palimpsest noted in this county.' 
 
 HERTFORDSHIRE. 
 
 The writer is indebted to Mr. W. Frampton Andrews, of 
 Hertford, for the loan of the rubbings of the palimpsests at Bay- 
 ford, King's Langley, and Walkerne. 
 
 Aldenham. 
 
 Obverse. A portion of the inscription to John Long, Salter^ 
 citizen and alderman of London, 1538, and wife Dame Margery. 
 The plate in its present mutilated condition measures 12^ x
 
 57 
 
 4 inches. Sir Henry Chauncey, in his History and Antiquities of 
 Hertfordshire, ed. 1826, vol. ii. p. 371, states that the plate was 
 formerly in the North Aisle, and gives the inscription in full. The 
 missing words are here shown in brackets. 
 
 [l^ere Ij^etlj] bttrj^eti tljc liori^' of Joljtx [Eono: Salter] 
 [citijejn i aincrman of ^Loiitioii tinti [2Damc iJl^ar] 
 [Qtt^ IjJiS topfc bjljidj Joljix D^'cti ['c [ti tiiU' of] 
 [3|ul^ 9^°V'^dB3BViii [toljose gfoul 3]C0U0 partioii] 
 
 Chauncey erroneously gives the date as 1536. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of another inscription in raised black 
 letter of the second half of the fifteenth century. It is in three 
 lines, but defaced in places : 
 
 militicf q 
 
 tiio:ni02?imc tiomine (Ele tir'igf ti . . , 
 
 animatuifif propicict' tic 
 
 In a communication to the Transactions of the Cambridge Uni- 
 versity Association of Brass Collectors, pt. ix. (1891), p. 23, Mr. W. 
 F. Andrews writes that " the fragment of brass was found at the 
 vicarage in June, 1889," and that the vicar intended to have it 
 framed and hung in the vestry. 
 
 Bayford. 
 
 Obverse. A man in armour, c. 1545, the centre portion of a 
 female figure of similar date, and a shield charged with the arms 
 of Knighton impaling Gascoigne quartering Pigott. Most 
 probably the remains of the brass to John Knighton, Esq., lord of 
 the manor, who died in 1545, and of his wife, apparently a mem- 
 ber of the family of Gascoigne. The male figure and the shield 
 are now relaid in a recess in the Chancel specially constructed to 
 receive the Knighton monuments when the church was rebuilt 
 in 1870. The fragment of the female effigy was not relaid and is 
 now in the possession of Mr. W. Clinton Baker, of Bayfordbury, 
 who has most courteously lent the original for reproduction and 
 to whom the writer desires to express "his obligations. 
 
 The male effigy is 20 inches in height, the fragment of the 
 female effigy 6^ inches, and the shield measures 6| x 5 inches.
 
 58 
 
 The male effigy is engraved in J. E. Cussans* History of Hertford- 
 shire, vol. ii. (Hundred of Hertford), p. 148. 
 
 All the existing pieces are palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. The armed figure is made up of two portions of a 
 large shrouded figure ; the upper, 13^ inches in height, shows the 
 folds of the shroud over the body with the bare knee and part of 
 the leg just appearing, the lower, 6f inches in length, shows the 
 foot and a small portion of the leg. The two pieces do not join, 
 a small piece having been cut out. The hatching over the joint 
 is simply a key for the solder. The date appears to be about the 
 middle of the fifteenth century. 
 
 
 WW 
 
 
 Obverse and Reverse of the Knighton Brass, Bayford, Herts. 
 
 About one-eighth full size. 
 
 The fragment of the lady and the shield are cut out of a large 
 Flemish brass of an abbot or bishop, c. 1480, of which two other 
 larger pieces form the reverses of the figures of Nicholas and 
 Ellen Wayte, 1545, at Upminster, Essex,^ thus confirming the 
 date of the Knighton brass and also proving the Bayford and 
 Upminster brasses to have come from the same workshop. As 
 before remarked under Upminster, this, so far as the writer is 
 
 ' See illustration, Upminster, Essex, No. II.
 
 59 
 
 aware, is the first instance in which pieces of one and the same 
 brass have been identified in separate churches. The fragment 
 of the lady shows a portion of the richly diapered chasuble, part 
 of the stem of the crosier, and the portion of the figure of a Saint 
 on the centre orphrey of the chasuble. The shield also shows a 
 portion of the chasuble with its edge, and portions of the dalmatic 
 or tunic beneath. As is the case at Upminster these fragments 
 show signs of considerable wear. 
 
 Great Berkhampstead. 
 
 Obverse. Six Latin verses from the brass to John Water- 
 house, Gent,, and wife Margaret; both died in 1558. Size of 
 plate i8| X 7 inches, in two pieces respectively measuring 15 
 and 3^ inches. 
 
 (tcct mb W tumulo coniiinc trorq? iaccmucf 
 
 aetemam pacem tionct ttriqj ^m^ 
 
 /liil cuiqucim abcftulimu<j efi quiti bcitefccimujs till 
 
 (Est qui pro mcritic? prcmia Uigna tiabit 
 
 d^eft tamcii trna gfaluef Cricfti miefccatio qtiam qui 
 
 Crau0i0 ambobuef scpc prccarc prccore. 
 
 Reverse. The larger piece is cut out a very finely engraved 
 quadrangular plate commemorating Thomas Humfre, of London, 
 goldsmith, and Joan, his wife, a daughter of William Bayntun, 
 brewer. The date may be c. 1500 (?). Haines states that the 
 upper part contains portions of two figures in shrouds (?), with 
 five sons and two daughters, and between them St. Michael 
 weighing souls. A portion of the figure of St. Michael is fairly 
 clear but the rest is very indistinct. The inscription on the 
 lower part of the plate is in raised black letter, the large initial 
 "O" enclosing a small seated figure of St. Jerome in Cardinal's 
 robes, with a cross in his right hand and a lion on his left side. 
 Four lines of the inscription remain and read thus : 
 
 ^i }>onvc djaritc praj' for tlje 0oul[c0] 
 of ^Ijomas l^umfrc late of llonti[on] 
 goltismj'tljc anti 3|onc Iji'of toj'ffc tijc [Mn] 
 Qiljtcr of (Elj^'ll^'am Baj^'ntu brrtocr tcil)['c[lj]
 
 6o 
 
 The tops of the letters of a fifth line can just be seen. From 
 the delicacy of the engraving it seems probable that the brass 
 was the work of one of the worthy goldsmith's own craft. The 
 plate, which is now on a hinge, is fastened to the sill of a window 
 in the North Transept. The figure of St. Jerome is engraved in 
 J. E. Cussans' History of Hertfordshire, vol. iii. (Hundred of 
 Dacorum), p. 6i. 
 
 Braughing. 
 
 Stolen during the restoration in 1888, and now in the Saffron 
 Walden Museum, Essex. 
 
 Obverse. Effigies of a civilian and wife, c. 1480, inscription 
 lost. Probably Thomas Grene, son of Richard Grene, 1484, 
 and wife. Height of effigies iSg inches. The figure of the man 
 is in two pieces, the head being broken offi 
 
 Reverse. The male effigy is alone palimpsest and is cut out of 
 the slightly larger figure of a lady, c. 1440, wearing a veil head- 
 dress and a very high-waisted gown with large full sleeves. 
 
 The obverse of both figures and the reverse of the male 
 figure are engraved in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass 
 Society, vol. ii. p. 214. In a paper, by Mr. W. W. Porteous, 
 accompanying the illustration, it is stated that the brasses were 
 purchased from a mason for five shillings by Mr. J. J. Green, of 
 Stanstead, Essex, and by him presented to the Museum. 
 
 Eastwick. 
 
 In the collection of the Society of Antiquaries is a rubbing 
 of the palimpsest portion ^ of the inscription in eight English 
 verses, now lost, to Robert Lee, Esq., 1564, and wife Joan. The 
 figure of Robert Lee has long been missing, but the stone 
 still containing the figure of his wife Joan, the eight verses, a 
 smaller plate with the date of death, and two shields, remained 
 in the Chancel floor until the church was rebuilt between 1870 
 and 1880, when all except one shield and the smaller inscription- 
 plate disappeared. Quite recently the figure of the wife, which 
 is not palimpsest, has been recovered and together with the other 
 
 ' See N. Salmon's History of Hertfordshire, 1728, p. 255. 
 
 1
 
 6i 
 
 two pieces placed on the tower wall. The second shield has 
 found its way into the Saffron Walden Museum. Possibly the 
 inscription may yet turn up from some unexpected quarter, and 
 as an aid to identification is here printed in full. 
 
 Obverse. The plate bearing the verses measures ig| x Cl- 
 inches and has been broken across the middle, the pieces re- 
 spectively measuring g and io|- inches ; a small fragment, about 
 2x4 inches, has also been broken from the top right hand 
 corner. The verses are as follows : li 
 
 ILlobcrt %tz (£0qu['cr IjijS botiic 13 Inir^'cli Ijcre 
 
 <iail)o jserijcti tot l^^w^z Ctitoartic fir^tc tief gfrtocc mciiie a 
 
 5anti after to lij^iiffe ^aijillippe anti Sl^atie ^ucne of latr 
 ^nti la0t to^'tlj ^ucnc (EUjabetlj our noble prince in 
 
 <anti of tlje anncient :2BnQ:lcp ^otogfe in Cljes^Ijire bornr 
 
 toa0 Ijc 
 5anti in tijief '(lombe tot 3]onc Ijicf toife lytu burieti botiir 
 
 tljcp be 
 jfor toljo0c ffooti tertuegf on t^t ertlje anti tijere nrsferbeti 
 
 fame 
 ^\)\^ ffooti remembraunee after tietlj isljall 0tiU reneto 
 
 tlje jsame 
 
 The smaller inscription bearing the date of death measures 
 II X 2| inches, and is also either broken across the middle or 
 composed of two plates respectively measuring 5^ and 5I inches. 
 It bears the words : 
 
 toljiclj Eobert tipeti p^ rriii lia^ of 
 3|anuar^n 1564, anti tlje ssa^^li 31oue 
 tij^eti i'f ba^' of 
 
 Reverse. On the reverse of the eight English verses is the 
 greater portion of an inscription to Elynor, [wife] of John Pate,' 
 
 i[5]2i: 
 
 ' Wills of the following members of the Pate family may be found in the 
 registers of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury at Somerset House : John Pate, 
 of Shillington, Beds., and Offley, Herts., 1505 ;■ John Pate, of St. Thomas of 
 Acres, London, 1506; and John Pate, of Henley-on-Thames, and Blackfriars, 
 London, 1520.
 
 » * « * 
 
 62 
 
 t pra^ for tf)e gfoule of CEl^nor l^ate 
 to 31o5tt pate nnti tiouffliter of 
 of ^m\t^ t\ic tol)icl)e (Elinor tiece^^en 
 f ffebruar^ t\it ^ere of our lorti (Bots ^ 
 xxi on to^o^e gfoulr JiW \\a\it merc^ amen. 
 
 Although a portion of the date is missing, the style of the 
 inscription and of the lettering leaves no doubt as to the date 
 being 1521. 
 
 Hertingfordbury. 
 
 A shield, 5^ x 4f inches, formerly in this church, but now in 
 the possession of the Society of Antiquaries of London. 
 
 Obverse. 
 
 Reverse. 
 
 Formerly at Hertingfordbury, Herts, 
 now in possession of the society of antiquaries. 
 
 About one-third full size. 
 
 Obverse. A shield of arms bearing. Quarterly I. and IV. two 
 lions passant. 1 1 . and II I . a cross patonce, impaling a saltire engrailed, 
 which again impales a lion rampant.^ 
 
 An old rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries, 
 from which the above shield was identified as belonging to this 
 
 ' This may be the coat of Dudley quartering Sutton and impaling Tiptoft and 
 Powys.
 
 63 
 
 church, shows that originally there were four shields on the slab, 
 viz., (i) at the upper dexter, three bars gemel, for Benstede (?);^ 
 (2) at the upper sinister, the shield now in the possession of the 
 Society of Antiquaries ; (3) at the lower dexter, Quarterly I. and 
 IV. two lions passKut ; II. and III. a cross patonce, impaling 
 Quarterly I. and IV. a saltire engrailed impaling a lion rampant ; II. 
 and III. three bars gemel (?) ; (4) at the lower sinister, as No. (3), 
 but in the first quarter of the impalement the lion takes pre- 
 cedence of the saltire. These shields are now lost. 
 
 Reverse. The shield has been cut out of a group of children, 
 c. 1460. Portions of five or six boys may be clearly seen and in 
 the right hand corner is apparently the skirt of a female figure. 
 
 King's Langley. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to William Carter, 1528, and wife 
 Alice. Size of plate 17x3 inches. The prayer clauses at the 
 beginning and end have been completely cut out. 
 
 f (Lcllj'Um Carter anti ^1^0 ij^'cf bj^'fr 
 
 tljc toljpcl) (l(ll?'llm tirfC00cti tljc \\ tiar of aprj^U fw t!)r pcrc 
 of o'- lorn 9^i>Tc^a^>Tnici ^^ 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription to Joan, apparently the wife of 
 — Marsburgh, citizen and bowyer of London, 1487. The des- 
 truction of the prayer clauses in the Carter inscription unfortu- 
 nately renders this inscription incomplete. 
 
 Prn^j for tljr sonic of Jo 
 
 iJl^ar0buro:l) ritqcm anD liotoj'cr of Honnon toljidjc 
 
 Joljan tic . . . 
 I pc pcrc of ottr lorti pti ^ bl^°CCCC2l 
 
 ^^^V\\ . . . 
 
 St. Alban's Abbey. 
 
 Obverse. The lower portion of an -abbot, c. 1400, generally 
 attributed to John de la Moote, abbot from 1396 to 1401. The 
 
 ' The arms of Benstede are (gii.) t/n-ee bars getuel (firg.).
 
 (H 
 
 fragment measures 21 inches in height. Engravings of this well- 
 known brass may be found in Boutell's Monumental Brasses and 
 
 Slabs, p. 148 ; The Portfolio of the Mommiental 
 Brass Society, pt. xi. pi. i. with pieces now 
 lost ; The Home Counties Magazine, vol. i. 
 pp. 154 (as in the Portfolio), 155 (from a 
 sketch made in 1643). 
 
 Reverse. The lower part of a lady with 
 
 a small dog at her feet, of similar date and 
 
 probably a "waster" from the workshop. 
 
 Engravings of this reverse may be found in 
 
 Boutell, p. 148 ; Macklin's Monumental Brasses, 
 
 St. Alban's Abbey. p_ jog . ^nd the Home Counties Magazine, 
 
 vol. i. p. 157, to the publisher of which the writer is indebted 
 
 for the loan of the accompanying block. 
 
 St. Alban's, St. Peter. 
 
 R. Clutterbuck, in his History of Hertfordshire, vol. i. p. 118, 
 gives the following account of the discovery of the palimpsest 
 reverse of the inscription to Roger Pemberton, Esq., high sheriff 
 of Herts., and founder of an almshouse at St. Alban's, died 1627, 
 aged 72. The inscription is now lost, only the figures of Roger 
 and Elizabeth Pemberton and a quadrangular plate bearing their 
 six children remain in the church and have recently been relaid 
 and fastened to the wall of the South Aisle. 
 
 Clutterbuck says : " The stone to which these brass plates 
 were originally affixed having been broken, the workmen, at the 
 time of the repair in 1786, finding that Mr. Ray's gravestone [in 
 the south aisle] was of a size convenient for their purpose, took 
 possession of it, and fastened the brasses to it ; but the stone hav- 
 ing been taken up during the time of the last repair, and exposed 
 to the heat of the sun, the cement which fastened the largest 
 plate was melted, and it was pulled off, when it appeared that 
 the inscription which commemorated Mr. Pemberton was as 
 much an intruder upon the brass as the brasses were upon Mr. 
 Ray's gravestone, for upon the back of the brass plate appeared 
 the following inscription engraved in the antient German charac- 
 ter":
 
 ^5 
 
 " iltvt l^^nl) Joljii Ball brirkcmakrr toljirlj pbc tljc pflr= 
 00110 anti toartjcns of tl)ls Cljirdjc 3^0 pcrclr for a pcr= 
 pctiitill oliitc to be kcptc for tijc 0oulp0 of Ijim nnl5 
 (Elijabctlj lji0 to;'f anti Joljii Ball l)i0 faticr anti Cljrj'0= 
 tiaii 1)10 molirr anti tljc 0aiti ;|oljii ticcc00rti rljc uiii tia^' 
 of €)ctobrc tljc }kvc of oi lorn Q^.ITc^f on tol)O0c 
 0ouli0 J['\)n iia\ic mrrc[>. ^mcn." 
 
 Walkern. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obveysc. Inscription to Richard, son of John Huniherstone, 
 1581. Size of plate 151 x 4 inches. 
 
 i^ere l^ctlj buricti iinticr tlji0 0tonr tl)c botip 
 of E^cljarti I3umbcr0tonr tljc 0onnc of 3|o^n 
 l^umbcr0tonc toljo nccca00cti tljc biitij tia^' 
 of i^arcljc i\\ ^t ^tu of o^ Eorb (Boti 1581. 
 
 Reverse. The greater portion of an inscription to John Love- 
 kyn, four times mayor of London, who died in 1370, and was 
 buried in the church of St. Michael, Crooked Lane, London. 
 The inscription reads thus : 
 
 [Fcjrmibim t&za tiatur ILobckmi caro pulcljra [31olji0] 
 [Bi]0 fuit Ijic maior itcrum bi0 Ecp uib[cntc] 
 [ajnno millcno tcr C cum 0cptuapno 
 
 John Lovekyn was mayor of London in 1348, 1358, 1365, and 
 1366, in the two latter years by command of the King as stated 
 in the inscription. According to Stow, he rebuilt the church of 
 St. Michael, Crooked Lane, and " was buried there in the choir, 
 under a fair tomb, with the images of him and his wife in alabas- 
 ter. The said church hath been since increased with a new 
 
 choir and side chapels, by Sir William Walworth ; and 
 
 also the tomb of Lofkyn was removed, and a fiat stone of grey 
 marble, garnished with plates of copper, laid on him, as it yet 
 remaineth in the body of the church."^ From this account it 
 
 ' Thorns' edition of Stovv's Survey, p. 83.
 
 66 
 
 seems probable that Walworth moved the high tomb with ala- 
 baster figures into a new position and marked the actual place of 
 interment by " a flat stone of grey marble, garnished with plates 
 of copper," one being this inscription which was seen and copied 
 by Stow. The date 1370 appears to be an error; John Love- 
 kyn's will is dated on the Thursday after the Feast of St. James 
 the Apostle (July 27), 1368, and was enrolled and proved in the 
 Hustings Court of London on November 6, in the same year. 
 
 The plate is now on the wall of the Vestry. Both sides are 
 engraved in J. E. Cussans' Histcvy of Hevtfovdshive, vol. ii. (Hun- 
 dred of Broadwater), p. 79. See also the Tvansactions of the London 
 and Middlesex Avchceological Society, vol. iii. p. 133, when the original 
 plate was exhibited and commented upon by the late Mr. J. 
 Gough Nichols, F.S.A., and vol. vi. p. 340, for a paper by the 
 late Major Alfred Heales, F.S.A., entitled "Some Account of 
 John Lovekyn, Four Times Mayor of London." 
 
 n. 
 
 Obverse. Effigies of Edward, son of John Humbarstone, 
 gent., 1583 in civil dress, and wife Annas, daughter of Edward 
 Welche, with five sons and three daughters, a foot inscription, 
 and shield of arms with helmet, crest, and mantling on a square 
 plate with rounded top. 
 
 The male effigy measures i8j inches in height; the female 
 17^ inches; the plate on which the sons are engraved tapers 
 from 6 to 5^ inches in height and in length is 6f inches ; that on 
 which the daughters are engraved tapers from 6 to 5 inches in 
 height and in length is 5 inches; the inscription-plate is 2i| x 4 
 inches ; and the plate bearing the shield, &c., is 8^ inches high 
 by 7 inches wide. 
 
 All palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. The reverse of this brass is made up of no fewer 
 than eleven pieces cut out of three or four Flemish brasses of 
 various dates. Five pieces belong to a marginal inscription, 
 dated 1474, and apparently commemorating a member of the 
 Van Lauwr family ; four other pieces, two being fragments of a 
 marginal inscription and two portions of a shield, appear to 
 belong to a brass to the family of Gryse, of date c. 1510 ; another 
 bears a group of sons, of date c. 1500; and another the head of 
 a lady, c. 1400 (?).
 
 ^^7 
 
 
 Paiimi'mcm Ki.M.KMiM'i IIimrkkmum; 1!ka>s, 15S3, W.\lki;r.\, Hekis. 
 
 About one sixth lull size.
 
 68. 
 
 The male effigy is made up of two pieces, the upper, 7^ inches 
 in height, bears the head of a lady in veil head-dress and wimple, 
 of date c. 1400 (?); the lower, io| inches in length, bears a por- 
 tion of a marginal inscription bearing the words 0rp0C tilt OU'l ^ 
 enclosed within an ornamental border of foliage, and may be 
 dated c. 15 10.- A small fragment of this same inscription is 
 used in the foot inscription, and the shield out of which the 
 children are cut bears the arms of the Gryse family impaling 
 another coat. 
 
 The female effigy is also made up of two pieces belonging to 
 a marginal inscription (a third piece bears the date 1474) appar- 
 ently part of a memorial to the family of Van Lauwr. The 
 upper portion, 7 inches in length, bears the word 0CpultUCrC 
 on a curved scroll, below which is a smaller scroll bearing the 
 words p -f l[' + filUlt, the background being filled in with a 
 rich diaper of foliage work. The lower portion, 10 inches in 
 length, bears on a curved scroll the words ttllt + IflUtor, with 
 the background filled in with a rich diaper of foliage and mons- 
 ters. A portion of a roundel just appears at the narrower end of 
 the fragment. 
 
 The children are cut out of a large shield of arms originally 
 measuring about 11x9-^ inches ; the two pieces join together and 
 
 give the arms of the Gryse family, a chev- 
 ron between three trefoils, impaling a buck's 
 head with an escallop shell in base, possibly 
 a differenced coat of the family of De 
 Cerf.^ 
 
 The inscription is composed of four 
 pieces, respectively measuring loj, 6|, 2f , 
 and 1 1 inches. The larger piece is cut 
 out of a group of sons, c. 1500, under 
 canopy work and standing on a floor 
 divided into squares. The centre figure 
 
 Walkern, Herts. 
 
 ' For " Gryse die overleet " = Gryse who died. 
 
 ^ Compare with the marginal inscription in the church of Notre Dauie, Bruges, 
 to Alexander and Barbele du Bosquiel, 15 12, figured in J. Gailliard's Inscriptions 
 Funeraires et IMonumentales de la Flandre Occidentale, vol. ii. p. 140. 
 
 ' Rietstrap, Armorial General, gives the arms of De Gryse, of Bruges, as 
 D'arg. au cJiev7-on de gii. ace. de trois trejles de sinople, and those of De Cerf de 
 Haghedorne, Bruges, D'or a un rencontre de cerf de gu. Gailliard, Inscriptions 
 Funeraires, &c., says the Gryse family have a vault in one of the chapels in the 
 church of St. Donat, Bruges.
 
 69 
 
 is complete, the one on the right is cut in half, and of the one on 
 the left only the hands and a portion of the robe remain. It will 
 be noticed that this figure has a small cross in its hands, proba- 
 bly indicating that the child was dead. The second and third 
 pieces of this inscription are portions of the 1474 inscription ; the 
 larger piece bears the words int JCI, and the smaller the end of 
 some word now illegible. The fourth piece is a mere fragment 
 from the border of the Gryse inscription. 
 
 The plate bearing the Humberstone shield contains a portion 
 of a roundel, and a curved scroll with the date CCCCD + 2.310 
 ^iiil, and has the background filled in with the diaper work 
 of foliage and monsters. 
 
 The brass was originally on the floor of the North Aisle, but 
 is now fastened to the wall. 
 
 HUNTINGDONSHIRE. 
 
 No palimpsest noted in this county. 
 
 KENT. 
 
 Aylesford. 
 Obverse. Inscription to John Savell, gentleman, servant to 
 Sir Thomas Wiat, knight, 1545. Size of plate, 17^^ x 3^ inches. 
 
 ^ere Ipetl) JoW »)atell (Bentilman jsiitpme efarbant to ^^r 
 '(Il)omnef Wiiat knvQl)t 'txiliic^ tifce00iti tlje lanrtt) tiop of 
 maiTljc ^" mi 9^iFr^2iF. ^n VdIjosc 0otilc iljTi Ijn uc 
 nicrcp. 
 
 ;|^{pffl)|dmsafifll'®Enttitoan flapturstuSaiitfiispr 
 
 Palimpsest Inscrh'tign, Aylesford, Kent. 
 
 About one-quarter full size 
 
 Reverse. The inscription is cut out of a portion of a canopy
 
 70 
 
 of a very late foreign, probably Flemish, brass, and shows the 
 greater portion of a figure of Force or Fortitude. This cardinal 
 virtue is represented by a female figure with a shield charged 
 with a cross on her left shoulder, whilst with her hands she is 
 apparently throttling a dragon. On a small curved scroll at her 
 feet are the letters OVCt and the top horizontal stroke of the letter 
 '• F." Force is usually represented either throttling the dragon or 
 tearing it out of a crenellated keep or dungeon, as may have been 
 the case in this example, but unfortunately, the right-hand side 
 of the figure is cut off. The date of this fragment appears to be 
 but a few years earlier than the inscription. It is engraved in the 
 Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. viii. p. 174, and in 
 W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 10, No. 15. 
 
 COBHAM. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to William Hobson, master of the col- 
 lege, 1473. Size of plate, 16 x 4I inches. 
 
 ^ic iam tingf W^illm | ^ob0on quonliam 
 ^a^ii i0tiu0 coIUq | ii qui obiit xzii Hie 
 iau0U0tia°tinia^°CCCC° ] JL^mU tnV m dpicin' \it' 
 
 Only the first half of this inscription, eight inches in length, 
 is original ; the remainder is a restoration by Mr. J. G. Waller. 
 It is engraved in W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 38, No. 67. 
 
 Reverse. The original half bears on the reverse a portion of 
 another inscription, c. 1420 (?), but the name and date are un- 
 fortunately wanting. 
 
 ^ic iatmt magi^t' 
 
 obiit x):° Die men0' 
 
 ac 30abeUa $ Sig;nt0 
 
 Now fastened down. 
 
 CUXTON. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription, slightly mutilated at one end and date 
 not filled in, to John Buttyll, parson of Cuxton and chaplain to 
 Prince Edward. The effigy, 15 inches in length, is lost. Size of 
 inscription-plate in its present condition, 1 5! x 3^ inches. The 
 casement shows it to have originally measured lyk inches in 
 length.
 
 71 
 
 [Prap] for tlje isoulf of ^a&ttt 3!ol)n Button pgfon of 
 
 [t!ji0] cl)urcl)e, anD c!)apla^n to t!)e i^^o:!) $ nob^ll 
 
 [prijnce Ctitoartie, tol)icf) 91^ Jolin tiece^efili t^t 
 
 [Hap] of ^n° nni S^^F^ toljo' gfoule i!)u pno. 
 
 The casement lies on a high tomb between the Chancel and 
 the South Chapel with a painted chamfer inscription, which, 
 according to Thorpe's Registrum Roffense, p. 772, reads thus : 
 " Hie iacet Johannes Botyll rector huius ecclesie qui obiit ultimo 
 die Junii anno domini 1568." 
 
 Although Master John Buttyll held the living until the year 
 1568, the brass cannot be dated later than the year 1547, when 
 Prince Edward became King Edward VI. Probably it was 
 engraved during the rector's lifetime, somewhere between the 
 years 1540 and 1547. There is an engraving of the tomb 
 in Gough's Sepulchral Monuments, vol. ii. pi. xxxii. p. ccxc. 
 
 Reverse. This inscription is cut out of a portion of a large 
 canopy with figures of saints and angels in niches. The lower 
 portion of one female saint and the head and wings of an angel 
 alone remain. Haines queries it as Flemish, but it appears to be 
 of English workmanship late in the fifteenth century. 
 
 Loose in the church chest in 1900. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. A mutilated inscription, 11 x 5 inches, to John 
 [Turner] , woolpacker, of London, 1545. 
 
 prap for t!)e gfoulc of 31ol)ii 
 
 dJUolpackrr of EonDon 0ome 
 
 I^at!)erpn0 Cljrp0tc!)urcl)c 
 
 Sluffueft a° nni ^°V'^ILV. o toljo 
 
 Mr. J. Challenor Smith, in a communication to Notes and 
 Queries, January 4, 1879, says : " By way of supplying the missing 
 surname I subjoin a''note from a will, obviously that of the person 
 commemorated on the brass. Will dated 12th and proved 22nd 
 August, 1545 (P.C.C. Pynnyng, fo. 33), 'John Turner of the 
 parishe of Saint Kateryn Christis Church w'in London Wolman 
 .... My bodye to be buried in the churche of Cokston in Kent, 
 in the Chapell of Our Lady, yf I doo deceas in the parishe of 
 Hallyng. And yf I lyve I will that my body shal be buried in
 
 72 
 
 the Church of Saint Kateryn Christis Church aforsaid, before 
 the Fonte, in a knowlige of the faithe which I toke there. . . .' " 
 Master John Buttyll was one of the witnesses to this will. 
 
 Reverse. This is composed of the fragments of two inscrip- 
 tions, the larger piece, 7| inches in length, bears a portion of an 
 inscription to Adam (?) atte Sterre, 1395, and wife Marion, 139 — . 
 It reads thus : 
 
 .... a atte Sterre qui ... . 
 
 g^°ccc"E^^5erF° 
 
 .... riona atte Sterre .... 
 
 . . . . \\(i €€€"" /I5onoQ:e0im .... 
 
 The smaller piece, 3|- inches in length, bears a few words of 
 a later inscription, c. 1460 (?), much obscured by pitch and 
 solder. It reads thus : 
 
 .... uoq? pauU . . . 
 £f q' p'oc ol . . . 
 bita e0t 
 
 with a scroll composed of leaves under the last line. 
 
 Broken in two pieces and loose in the church chest in 1900. 
 
 DOWNE. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription, now broken and mutilated, to John 
 Bederenden, citizen, clothier, and chamberlain of London, 1445. 
 Size of plate, 21 x 2f inches. 
 
 ^iz mtt 3o^e0 Betiec[emien] qntim €m^ ^annari' 
 
 $ Camerari' ILonlion 
 qui obiit rriif Hie 2Decembri0 a° mi "3^^ €<t€€°^%V 
 
 t\xi ale ppiciet' tie' ^me. 
 
 Reverse. A portion, 7^ inches, bearing the commencement of 
 the inscription, is a fragment of the end of another inscription 
 of similar date, probably a " waster." It bears the following 
 words : 
 
 qui obiit ri Die 
 
 .... alabi ypiciet' Deujsf.
 
 
 mm 
 
 I'imT 
 
 
 Palimpsest Inscription, Erith, Kent. 
 
 About one-third full-size. 
 
 \Tofacep. 73
 
 73 
 Erith. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription, now much broken and mutilated, to 
 Anne, eldest daughter of Thomas Harman, Esq., of Crayford, 
 and wife of William Draper, gentleman, of Erith, 1574, " and 
 lefte in chyldryn too sonnes and too dowghters that ys to say 
 Thomas and Henry : Elizabeth & Brydgett." 
 
 Size of plate when complete 13 x 6| inches. 
 
 ^ttt i^nljt tl)c faoti^c of annc i5arma[u p] 
 eluejste 2Dotog:()ter of ^ljoma0 l^arman [of] 
 Cra^forn (E^quicc auU toife to inillm 2Dra[p of] 
 (Erpt[)t Qtnf toljo 2D['cti tljc rt[ij na^e of] 
 ipfbruar^ 1574 anti leftc in [Clj^ltirpn too] 
 »)onne0 i too SDotugljtcrief tlja[t ^0 to 0ap] 
 d)oma0 antJ i^cnr^ : dijabetl) [i 3v}>\iQm], 
 
 The words in brackets are supplied from a complete rubbing 
 in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. In 1863 Erith 
 church was much damaged by an explosion in the neighbourhood 
 and this brass disappeared during the subsequent restoration. 
 In 1893 ^ small fragment about 3x3 inches, was given to Mr. 
 R. A. S. Macalister by a gentleman whom he had met whilst 
 travelling in Scotland. Mr. Macalister identified the fragment 
 as belonging to Erith and sent it on to the Rev. R. W. M. Lewis, 
 then curate at Erith, who fastened it to the wall of the vestry. 
 In 1897 ^^- Lewis received from the family of a former church- 
 warden another piece of the brass measuring about 9x6^ inches, 
 and then had the pieces mounted in a frame between two sheets 
 of glass and hung in the church. Upon examination the frag- 
 ments proved to be palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. A fragment of a large Flemish brass, of late fifteenth 
 or early sixteenth century work, showing a portion of a shield with 
 a fretty field charged with eagles displayed and a small portion of 
 the mantling above, also a piece of the ornamental border sur- 
 rounding the whole. 
 
 Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Transactions of the 
 Monumental Brass Society, vol. iii. p. 203. 
 
 Faversham. 
 
 Obverse. Two shields, 6x5 inches, each bearing the arms 
 of the Cinque Ports. Date c. 1540.
 
 74 
 
 Reverse. One shield is cut out of the figure of a lady, c. 1440, 
 apparently a widow, portions of the barbe, the veil head-dress, 
 mantle, and girdle of the kirtle being visible. Rings are worn 
 on the fingers of both hands. The second is simply an old 
 shield re-used, and bears the arms of Langley, quarterly per fess 
 indented (arg.) and (az.) quartering Langley, quarterly {or) and (gu.) 
 a bend (sa.). 
 
 These shields are now fixed on hinges and let into a pillar in 
 the North Aisle. 
 
 GODMERSHAM. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to William Geffray, chantry priest, 1516. 
 Size of plate, 15I x 2| inches. 
 
 ^ic iacn tingf ^illmujs (Beffra^ qu°tim cantari0ta 
 
 l^ui' ttclii qui obiit rr° Hie ^'cii Sin° Uni 9^°<t€€€€° 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription, to William Attilburgh, gentle- 
 man, 1471, and wife Margaret. 
 
 ^ic mmt ^laiillmgf ^ttilburg:!) gen'osfugf n ^atsatna 
 
 uxat 
 €iu0 qui quiHem aoliUmgf obiit xxiiii° Hie ^tmi& 
 
 )aprili0 a° 
 dni 9^''CCCC°^^^3i° quor' ianimab? opicietur tieuef 
 
 ame. 
 
 Loose in the custody of the vicar. 
 
 Graveney. 
 
 In the collection of the Society of Antiquaries is an early 
 rubbing, taken by Thomas Fisher in the first quarter of the 
 nineteenth century, of a palimpsest fragment then loose in the 
 church chest but now lost. It is a fragment of an inscription, 
 9X3 inches, bearing on the obverse in very late black letter 
 characters the words : 
 
 . . . auenel Couerlelige burieti tlje . . . 
 . . . U}bttiie xxi, 
 
 and on the reverse a portion of another inscription : 
 
 m]ic iacn 'djomas C!)^ 
 
 . aprir a° mi 9^°€€(t€°9B . . .
 
 75 
 
 The rubbing is very faint and indistinct, especially of the 
 obverse side. 
 
 HOATH. 
 
 The Rev. H. Haines, in his Manual of Monumental Brasses, part 
 ii. p. 102, states that the figure of Agnes, wife of Antony Maycot, 
 1532, is palimpsest. The figure is now fastened down and the 
 writer has been unable to obtain any further information. 
 
 Lee, St. Margaret. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription, mutilated, to Henry Byrde, groom of 
 the King's chamber, 1545. Size of plate about 13 x 4I inches. 
 
 i^enricugf B^cUe quontiam Falectuef Camece 
 Eeffie mo dormit gfub jsaro q' (i\iiit xxiiii 
 2Die iapriU0 anno tini 1545 
 zwi' ale ^piciet' lieugf 
 
 Reverse. H. H. Drake, in his new edition of E, Hasted's 
 History of Kent, part i. the Hundred of Blackheath (all published), 
 p. 229, gives the following unsatisfactory note : " This brass, a 
 palimpsest, was unknown to Thorpe." 
 
 The inscription is now securely fastened to the wall of the 
 North Aisle and the writer has been unable to obtain any further 
 details. 
 
 n. 
 
 Obverse. Effigy (23 inches) and inscription (20 x 4I inches) 
 to Mrs. Isabel, daughter of Thomas Hatteclyf, Esq., and wife to 
 Mr. Nicholas Annesley, 1582. 
 
 Reverse. Drake, p. 229, says on the back of the inscription 
 are " fragments of a palimpsest (probably Flemish) displaying the 
 lion of St. Mark engraved with remarkable vigour and richness." 
 
 This inscription has been inaccurately relaid under the small 
 figure of Elizabeth Couhyll, 1513, and is now on the wall of the 
 North Aisle, The writer has been unable to obtain any further 
 details of the reverse.
 
 76 
 West Malling. 
 
 Obverse. A shield, loose in April, 1901, but about to be 
 refixed, 6x5^ inches, bearing — Quarterly I. and IV. (Arg.), 
 semy of cinquefoils (gu.) a lion rampant (sa.) Perepoynt. II. (Arg.), 
 SIX annulets, 2. 2. and 2 [sa.) Manvers. III. (Az.), three hedge- 
 hogs (or) Heriz. From the brass to Elizabeth, daughter of Sir 
 Anthony Babington, and wife of George Perepoynt or Pierpont, 
 Esq., 1543. The upper part of the figure and another shield 
 bearing Babington quartering Dethicke still remain in the 
 original slab on the Chancel floor and are probably also palimp- 
 sest. Engravings of this side of the brass may be found in 
 Haines, Introd., p. 244 (effigy) ; W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, 
 pi. 78, No. 151 (effigy and Babington shield) ; and the Rev. H. W. 
 Macklin's Monumental Brasses, p. 75 (ibid.). 
 
 
 Palimpsest Shield, West Malling, Kent. 
 
 About one-third full size. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of the pediment of a canopy, c. 1500, to 
 which has been added a small piece with a few engraved lines 
 only in order to complete the shape of the shield. By the 
 courtesy of the vicar, the Rev. A. A. Lawson, the writer was 
 ■enabled to clean the pitch from the plate and so bring out the 
 lines of the canopy. The smaller piece is much obscured by the 
 solder used to fasten the two plates together and it is impossible 
 to say what it may have originally represented.
 
 77 
 * Margate. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. A heart inscribed (BtftlO qtl, with three scrolls 
 respectively inscribed KctmnptOC meU0 bliJlt— 2De tttXxX 
 
 0urrmuru0 0um — gn carne mea tiOcbo tieu ^altator^ 
 
 mCU, and an inscription, 19 x 2| inches, to Sir Thomas Smyth, 
 vicar, 1433. 
 
 ^xz mzt tin0 '^Ijomagf »)mptl) quontia ticari' igfti' eccUe 
 
 qui obiit 
 t'cio tiU €)ctobri£f SL" tiui <^''€€<L<^°'^l^%nf cui' ale 
 
 ppiciet' tieu0 Slmen. 
 
 Engravings of this side of the brass may be found in the 
 Gentleman's Magazine, vol. Ixvii. (1797) pt. ii. p. 641 ; The Oxford 
 Manual,^, cxiv. (heart and scrolls); Rev. H. Haines' Manual 
 of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. cclxiii. (heart and scrolls); 
 and W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 82, No. 164. 
 
 Palimpsest Reverse of Inscription, Margate, Kent. 
 
 About one-fifth full size. 
 
 Reverse. When the church was restored about twenty years 
 ago, the inscription was found to be palimpsest. It bears on the 
 reverse the greater portion of another inscription to John Dalton 
 and wife Alice, 1430. 
 
 [€)r]ate pro a'lab} 9IoI)i£f 2Dalton n SiUcic uic'ifi ciii^ que 
 
 tiicta Alicia obiit 
 [ . . ]bii tiic gianuarti anno tini 9^'€€€€°^^%' quor' 
 
 alabj ppicict' ticuef ante. 
 
 From the close similarity in date it is probable that this 
 inscription was a " waster" from the workshop. 
 
 The writer is indebted to Mr. W. J. Mercer, of ^Margate, for 
 the tracing from which the accompanying illustration has been 
 made. Mr. Mercer also states that only two rubbings of this 
 inscription were made before it was refixed in its original position 
 on the Chancel floor.
 
 78
 
 79 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Fliitt and wife Elizabeth 
 Twaytts, 1582. Size of plate, 28^ x 8^ inches. 
 
 HiER VNDER LIETH BVRIED ThOMAS FLIITT 
 
 who departed this life the 
 
 And Elizabeth Twaytts his wyfe who 
 
 DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE XXVIII OF ivli 
 
 A° Domini 1582. 
 From the style of lettering, the shape of the numerals, and the 
 use of the word " Hier " for •' Here," it seems probable that the 
 inscription was cut in Flanders and imported by Thomas FUitt. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of the side strip of a Flemish marginal 
 inscription, c. 1400, bearing on a long curved scroll the words 
 iaer Ongf ^ercn a\0 men ^tVtet ^ and containing shields and 
 scenes from the life of man in the compartments formed by the 
 curving of the inscription. In the top compartment is the base 
 of a shield showing the charge of a roundel, in the next are two 
 figures on stilts, in the third a shield-semy of crosses crosslet three 
 helmets, two and one, and in the fourth a youth catching butterflies 
 with the aid of his cap or hood. The whole of the background is 
 filled up with a diaper of conventional vine leaves and bunches of 
 grapes. This side of the plate is engraved in W. D. Belcher's 
 Kentish Brasses, pi. 81. fig. 161; The Building News, January 13, 
 1888 ; and G. Clinch's Old English Churches, p. 237. In the chapel 
 of St. Mary, Ypres, is a somewhat similar brass, but later in date, 
 to the memory of Pieter Lansame, 1489, and wife Lizebette, 
 1487. It is engraved in the Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monumental 
 Brasses on the Continent of Europe, p. 46. The Margate fragment is 
 now fixed on a hinge and attached to the wall of the South 
 Aisle. 
 
 Minster, Isle of Sheppey. 
 As is now well known the legs of the figure of Sir John de 
 Northwode, 1320, are a sixteenth century restoration. Mr. J. G. 
 Waller, under whose superintendence the brass was repaired and 
 relaid in 1881, thus describes the circumstances of this early 
 restoration and the later discovery of the palimpsest. Mr. 
 Waller says^ : " In the early days of- archaeology (1838), myself 
 
 ' " In the year of our Lord as one writes." 
 
 ■•* Proceediyigs of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. viii. p. 443, :).nd Arckaolosia 
 Cantiana, vol. ix. p. 148.
 
 8o 
 
 and brother visited Minster, and were struck with the comic 
 peculiarity in the mode of crossing the legs, as shown in this 
 figure. Unlike any other example, it seemed as if in the act of 
 performing some ingenious feat of the terpsichorean art. We 
 were not long, however, before we pronounced it to be an 
 ignorant restoration, much to the disgust of a very self-important 
 sexton or clerk, who, finding his crusader legend upset, seemed 
 almost inclined to turn us out of the church. Closer examination 
 showed a different colour of the metal, which only proved what 
 the details of costume and character of the recumbent lion 
 indicated. Pursuing the subject afterwards, we not only became 
 the more convinced, but we assigned the date proximately of this 
 restoration to the early part of Henry VIII.'s reign, and were 
 borne out by the brass of Peter Gerard, 1492,^ engraved in our 
 volume of Monumental Brasses, in which the recumbent lion is 
 almost identical. Years rolled on, when a casual conversation 
 with the Rev. Canon Scott Robertson revealed that he had found 
 evidence in the register of Archbishop Warham, at Lambeth, 
 pointing directly to the causes which led to this curious circum- 
 stance, so unusual at a time when destruction on a large scale 
 was at hand. At a visitation held at Sittingbourne, October i, 
 151 1, the churchwardens of Minster presented that, ' It is desyred 
 that where, of long tyme agoo, in the said chapell, a knight and 
 his wife (were) buried, and their pictures upon theym very sore 
 worne and broken, that they make take away the pictures, and lay 
 in the place a playn stone, with a epitaphy who is there buried, 
 that the people may make setts and pewys, where they may more 
 quietly serve God, and thot it may less cowmber the rowme ' 
 (Register, fol. 57, vi.). The commissary admonished the church- 
 wardens and parishioners to present themselves before the Lord 
 Archbishop and to implore his paternity for help in this matter 
 (fol. 79, vi.). It is a natural assumption, therefore, that at this 
 time a reparation of the figures took place, and that the en- 
 lightened Archbishop Warham may have enjoined this preserva- 
 tion, instead of acceding to the very churchwardenlike request of 
 putting ' a playn stone with an epitaphy.' By turning over the 
 legs of the knight we now see in what way our churchwardens 
 set about the work. The artist employed was not an archaeolo- 
 gist, yet he evidently assumed that the figure must be that of a 
 
 ' At Winwick, Lancashire. See A Series of Monumental Brasses, by J. G. 
 and L. A. B. Waller.
 
 8i 
 
 crusader, and so, according to the notion that arose about this 
 time, that a cross-legged effigy denoted one who had served in 
 the Holy Land, he thought it the proper thing so to restore the 
 brass. Unhappily, he seemed to have forgotten that, when the 
 legs are crossed the knees must be close to each other, and that 
 the original, preserving this part of the figure, shows them 
 wide apart ; so in this he erred. Then he follows nearly the 
 costume of his own time, though not exactly, in respect to the 
 soUerets, which have the aspect of belonging to the armour worn 
 a few years earlier. As regards the recumbent lion, as before 
 stated, it has all the character of that used in brasses of the early 
 part of the sixteenth century, at which time the work was 
 
 
 Palimpsest Figure, Minster (Sheppey), Kent. 
 
 About one-eighth full size. 
 
 evidently done. The reverse shows that an old brass, either from 
 the same or some other church, was robbed for the metal by 
 which to do this repair. It is the base of a female figure having 
 had two dogs at her feet, and the date of this may be assigned to 
 the close of the fourteenth century. I think that all antiquaries 
 have cause to thank Archbishop Warham that this interesting 
 brass has been preserved instead of the plain stone and ' the 
 epitaphy who is there buried.' " 
 
 The palimpsest portion measures 2o|^ inches in height. The 
 reverse is engraved in Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. 
 vol. viii. p. 444. It is now fastened down. The Northwode brass
 
 82 
 
 (without the reverse of the palimpsest) is engraved in C. A. 
 Stothard's Monumental Effigies, p. 50 ; The Cambridge Camden 
 Society's Illustrations of Monumental Brasses, No. vi. p. 205 ; Rev. 
 C. Boutell's Monumental Brasses and Slabs, pp. 42, 44 ; Rev. H. 
 Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. 23 ; J. Hewitt's 
 Ancient Armour, vol. ii. p. 151 ; Gentleman's Magazine, N.S. vol. 
 v. pt. ii. (1858) p. 103; Archcsologia Cantiana, vol. ix. p. 149; 
 W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 84, No. 170 ; and G. Clinch's 
 Old English Churches, p. 208. 
 
 Penshurst. 
 Obverse. Inscription, shield of arms, and marginal inscription 
 with text from Matthew xix., to Margaret, infant daughter of Sir 
 Henry and Lady Mary Sydney, 1558, aged i| years. A strip of 
 the marginal inscription measuring 10 inches in length is loose 
 and is palimpsest. It bears the words : 
 
 mt for to ^ucl)e ijs t^c feingtio. 
 
 Reverse. A few words of another inscription, c. 1500, as follows : 
 
 ut tiq} iuncta : ^ro quit} oreti^ to0. 
 
 Most probably more of this marginal inscription is palimpsest. 
 
 Rochester, St. Margaret. 
 
 Obverse. Half effigy of Thomas Cod, vicar, 1465, vested in 
 cassock, surplice, amice and cope, the orphrey of the latter orna- 
 mented with a running pattern of foHage. Height of effigy, 16 
 inches; size of inscription-plate, 13x19 inches. The figure only 
 is palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. Another figure of Thomas Cod but vested in cassock, 
 surplice, almuce and cope, the orphrey of the latter more richly 
 ornamented with a heart-shaped design alternating with circles 
 enclosing the words " Ihu — m'cy." This figure may have been 
 engraved a little earlier as it much resembles one at Fladbury, 
 Worcestershire, to Thomas Mordon, 1458, but there must have 
 been some reason for re-engraving and substituting the amice for 
 the almuce, the latter being generally worn with the cope. Both 
 sides of the plate are engraved in Boutell's Series of Monumental 
 Brasses, and in his Christian Monuments, p. 154. The brass has 
 been restored and a new head added ; it is now inlaid in a copper 
 plate and hung on the Tower wall. 
 
 Shorne. 
 Obverse. Inscription, now lost, to Edmund Page, Gent., of 
 Shorne, 1550, who had at the time of his death five sons and two 
 daughters by Eleanor, his only wife, then living.
 
 83 
 
 ^tvt Ipetf) burieti (Elimontic ^ajye late of ^!)orne (Be[nt 
 
 to!)icl) DpeH] 
 'Efie bii liap of ifebruarp in tljt b ^tvt of tl)e Ee^ffne 
 
 o[f li^nge (Ktitoarti] 
 '^ije 0pj;t, auti in tl)C ^ere of o^^ Eortie (Bori ^CCCCCil 
 
 «aDn [tol)O0e 0oul ^W] 
 iiant mnc^, toljo tjati att t!)e tj^me of 1)10 lierljc b 0o[nue0 
 
 anti ij] 
 2Dotoffl)ter0 t^at ^0 to 0a^ %\)oma0, €lm^n\), MLillm 
 
 [(BtovQt, Eionell.] 
 31ol)n anti ^g:ne0 b^ (Elenore ^10 onel^ to^fe t[)en U[t3inQ:]. 
 
 The words in brackets are supplied from Thorpe's Registnim 
 
 Roffense (1769), p. 760, who records 
 the inscription as then in the Nave, 
 In the collection of the Society of 
 Antiquaries is a rubbing of this in- 
 scription taken by Thomas Fisher in 
 the early part of the last century, A 
 portion was then lost, the remaining 
 piece measuring 17I X 6 inches. 
 
 Reverse. The only authority for 
 the reverse is an engraving, here re- 
 produced, in the Gentleman's Magazine 
 for 1801, pt, i, p. 497. From this it 
 appears that the inscription had been 
 cut out of a large quadrangular plate 
 in the upper portion of which was a 
 figure of Our Lord in Majesty seated 
 upon a rainbow with a sword point- 
 ing towards his head. The back- 
 ground representing the sky is pow- 
 dered with stars, estoiles, and a 
 crescent moon. In the foreground, 
 on a mound or grassy hill, is the 
 greater portion of a figure in a shroud 
 with a mutilated scroll above bear- 
 ing the words quU0Cit lit 0pe. and 
 below is a shield bearing the arms of 
 the City of Rochester — Or, on a cross 
 gu. the letter R of the first, a chief as the 
 second charged with a lion passant guar- 
 dant gold. In the right-hand lower 
 
 Formerly at Shorne, 
 Kent.
 
 84 
 
 corner is the kneeling figure of a lady from whose hands proceeds 
 a scroll inscribed (Et 3IU^lCia tm ^tliubafautme. Above the 
 lady's head appears the hand of another figure. In the right- 
 hand top corner is a portion of a shield of arms, the first quarter 
 of which appears to bear some kind of beast within a bordure 
 charged with fleur-de-lys. The lower or third quarter has the 
 appearance of being intended for the arms of Mortimer. This 
 fragment may be assigned to a date between 1520 and 1530. 
 
 SiBERTSWOULD. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription, partly in rough black letter and partly 
 in cursive letters, to Philemon Powndall, 1660. Size of plate 
 i5i X 4f inches. 
 
 ^tavt lietlj t^e botip of pi)ilemon 
 
 4Bob)ItDilU deceased y^ 13 of March 1660 he was ^^ years 
 Old when he died : he had one wife, one son and 6 Daughters. 
 
 Loose in Vestry. 
 
 ^%l CQ rr . gefgfge. 6o5y.ofoPg i/em o. j. 
 
 Old..w\\inJie,he.a.tit.\\aA.onejvife..one.soii.aiici.lx2)aii^kterS'.- 
 
 ©rate pro aia Jacobi Bering arixt) 
 qui ®biif.ii^.^ie 9)cfober 3nno 
 
 Palimpsest Inscription, Sibertswould, Kent. 
 
 About one-quarter full size 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription in late black letter to James 
 Dering, Esq., 1532.
 
 85 
 
 ^vatt pro aia 3Iacobi 2Dering: arm' 
 qui ^biit \V nie €)ctober anno 
 
 Although this plate bears the date 1532, the style of lettering 
 shows it to have been engraved much later, probably c. 1630. 
 During the seventeenth century some member of the Bering 
 family, probably Sir Edward Bering, the antiquary, 1598-1644, 
 placed in Pluckley church numerous brasses to his ancestors and 
 this plate may have formed one of the series, being either rejected 
 for some fault or more probably stolen during the troubles of the 
 Civil War. 
 
 Westerham. 
 
 I. 
 
 Now lost. Reproduced from a rubbing in the Collection of 
 the Society of Antiquaries dated 1850. 
 
 Obverse. A group of six daughters, c. 1520. Size of plate, 
 5x5 inches. John Thorpe in his Registrum Roffense, p. 1029, 
 mentions the slab of Richard Hayward, 1529, then " in the cross 
 isle at the west end," as containing the figures of six daughters, 
 which may be the group under consideration. 
 
 Formerly at Westerham, Kent. 
 
 About one-third full size. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of a quadrangular plate, the background 
 diapered with lozenges or quatrefoils, bearing the upper portion 
 of the head of a man with long hair and a scroll bearing the 
 words:
 
 86 
 
 ^mcm quegfo tame qmti0 intiiffne benig:(ite) 
 (tt 0tmv 0'tu me rege birjo tubm. 
 
 A portion of another scroll appears in the top left-hand 
 corner. The plate is apparently of English workmanship, c. 1500. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription, i6| x 6 inches, to Richard Potter, 
 Esq., late of Westerham, his three wives, Elizabeth, Anne, 
 Alice, and his twenty children, whereof he left three sons and 
 ten daughters living at the time of his death in 1563. 
 
 Eicliarli potter late of ?Laie0tra (Egfquiec burieti liere 
 l^ati bp 1)10 Hi "toint^ (Elijabetl). Sint. anu aiice. xx, 
 Cbiluren, toljereof ^e leffte aliue at Ijief neat^e t^e iiiitii of 
 a^ape. 1563. ill. »)onne0 anti. x. 2Daug:^ter0. 
 
 91 gflepe in tiugfte, bntill tlje morning. 
 
 Come Eortie 31e0U0. come quicklpe. 
 
 * comrlariirlfflii^'roTiinimrMge'. 
 
 Palimpsest Inscription, Westerham, Kent. 
 
 About one-quarter full size.
 
 87 
 
 Reverse. This inscription is cut out of a portion of a large 
 Flemish brass of late date, apparently only a few years earlier 
 than the inscription itself. It consists of a portion of a richly 
 ornamented column standing upon a square base, on the front 
 panel of which is suspended a shield of arms bearing Quarterly 
 1. and IV. Quarterly . . and . . , in the first and fourth an estoile 
 . . , in the second and third an annulet. II. and III. Chevronny of 
 four pieces . . . and .... At the side of the column is a portion 
 of the leg of some animal. 
 
 This plate is now on the wall of the South Aisle under the 
 figure of John Stacy, but the palimpsest portion cannot be 
 seen. There is a rubbing in the collection of the Society of 
 Antiquaries. 
 
 III. 
 
 A group of seven sons, 5f x 6^ inches, belonging to the brass 
 of William Myddilton and wives Elizabeth and Dorothy, 1557, 
 is said to be palimpsest, and to have on the reverse a portion of 
 an inscription, but the writer has been unable to verify this. 
 
 Most of the brasses at Westerham have been relaid and hope- 
 lessly mixed up. These sons are now attached to the figure of 
 John Stacy, 1536, and under the figure of John Stacy is the 
 inscription to Richard Potter, 1563. 
 
 LANCASHIRE. 
 
 Manchester Cathedral. 
 
 Obverse. A man in armour and wife, c. 1540, nearly effaced, 
 inscription lost. Now on a board in the Chapter Room. Probably 
 Sir Alexander Radclyffe, of Ordsall, 1 548, and wife Alice, daughter 
 of Sir John Boothe, of Barton. There is an engraving, mostly 
 conjectural, of this brass in the Transactions of the Lancashire and 
 Cheshire Antiquarian Society, vol. ix. p. 97. The female figure is 
 alone palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. The greater portion of another figure of a lady, c. 
 1450, but also in bad condition. Engravings of the obverse and 
 reverse of this figure may be found in the Palatine Note Book, vol. 
 iv. (1884) p. 77.
 
 88 
 
 
 m 
 til 
 
 lli 
 
 U 
 
 tii 
 
 Q 
 
 f§l 
 
 o § 
 
 a, 
 U 
 
 PL, 

 
 89 
 
 LEICESTERSHIRE. 
 
 Great Bowden. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription, 17x5 inches, to William Wolstonton, 
 rector, 1403. This inscription was removed from the chancel 
 floor in 1886 previous to a restoration and was then found to be 
 palimpsest. It was unfortunately broken during removal. 
 
 H^ic iactt mnffigft' Mlill0 dtlloleftontou qnnm 
 Eector im' tttWc qui oliiit tiltimo tiic menjs' 
 ^UQimi a' nni '^.€€€€° iiV cut* aleppiclet' ti0. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of a small Flemish brass, c. 1350 (?), 
 containing the figure of a civilian under an arched canopy with 
 super canopy above. The figure has long curly hair, beard and 
 moustaches, and wears a close-fitting tunic buttoned down the front 
 with tight sleeves buttoned from the elbows to the wrists. Long 
 liripipes or lappets hang from the elbows, and the waist is 
 encircled by a narrow girdle. Over the shoulders is a hood or 
 cape with a serrated edge ; the legs are clothed in tight hose and 
 the feet in pointed shoes. Below the feet is a small dog. The 
 whole of the background is filled in with a diaper of foliage. The 
 continuation of the canopy work shows that originally there 
 was another figure on the right-hand side, probably that of his 
 wife. A small Flemish brass of somewhat similar character is 
 preserved in the Archaeological Museum at Ghent. This speci- 
 men, measuring 15I x ii| inches, contains the figures of a 
 civilian and wife, c. 1400 (?), under canopies, but the inscription 
 has been defaced. It is curious to note that this brass is also 
 palimpsest, having at a subsequent date been converted into an 
 inscription.^ In the Oxford Portfolio for June, igoi, Mr. Scott- 
 Hall figures yet another similar palimpsest plate, also preserved 
 in the Ghent Museum. This plate bears on the obverse an 
 inscription dated 1604, and on the reverse the figures of a civilian 
 and a priest under canopy work with a mutilated inscription 
 bearing the date 1368. It measures about 28 X 18 inches. 
 
 Another small plate is preserved in the chapel of the Lady 
 Superior of the Beguinage at Bruges, and of which there is a 
 plaster cast in the Museum of Antiquities in the Belfry. It 
 measures 17 x 10 inches and commemorates Griel Van Ruwes- 
 
 ' For this information and for a rubbing of the Ghent brass the writer is 
 indebted to the Rev. W. E. Scott-Hall, of Oxford.
 
 90 
 
 cuere, who died in 1410, but the plate seems to have been en- 
 graved earlier as the date is an addition.^ The curious little 
 brass at Aveley, Essex, to Ralph de Knevynton, 1370, also 
 belongs to the same type.'' 
 
 Both sides of the Great Bowden brass are engraved in the 
 Transactions of the Leicestershire Architectural and Archceological 
 Society, vol. vi. p. 223. From the will of William de Wolstonton, 
 printed at p. 224, it appears that he left instructions for "one 
 marble stone to be bought for 300 shillings to be set over my 
 grave, and that it be ordered and arranged in such form and 
 manner as my executors know that I have appointed." 
 
 Loughborough. 
 
 In the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. iii. 
 p. 205, under date December 21, 1865, it is recorded that John 
 Gough Nichols, Esq., F.S.A., exhibited a monumental brass 
 plate from Loughborough Church, Leicestershire, respecting 
 which he communicated the following notes : 
 
 " The church of Loughborough is one of those very large 
 ecclesiastical structures of which so many have been recently 
 restored under the judicious care of Mr. George Gilbert Scott, 
 F.S.A. In these restorations it is too often the case that, whilst 
 great zeal is shown for architectural renovation, the ancient 
 monuments and sepulchral memorials suffer from neglect and 
 removal. There were a few relics of such memorials in brass 
 plate in Loughborough Church which have not hitherto been 
 replaced ; but I trust they still will be, as they are at present, 
 preserved in a box in the vestry. One of these I have by per- 
 mission of the Ven. Archdeacon Fearon, the rector of Lough- 
 borough, brought to London, and beg to exhibit it this evening. 
 It has an inscription on both sides, and each of them of some 
 curiosity. The inscription which was exposed to view is nearly 
 destroyed by friction from feet, and it was much in the same 
 condition seventy-five years ago when it was drawn by Mr. 
 Schnebbelie for my grandfather, and engraved (first) in his 
 
 ' Engraved in the Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monumental Brasses on the Continent 
 of Europe, p. 24. 
 
 - Engraved in J. G. and L. A. B. Waller's Series of Monumental Brasses.
 
 91 
 
 Leicestershire Collection.^ I have now, with the assistance of 
 my friend, Mr. Charles Spence, removed some cement with 
 which it was partly encrusted, and have succeeded in decipher- 
 ing somewhat more than one half of it." 
 
 '' Cl)i0 rr M^ of 31anuar^ in ^t ^ere of oure Hot^t one 
 
 ^.€€€€ anti rlj tl)e 
 
 trutot^e to recorne ann garget \\i& toife untiec tl)ief 0ton 
 
 graben 0onne ^atv^ to name 
 
 late fi0cl)mong:er of Eontion fpntiinge a pceegft ful pre0t 
 
 l)ir ^ere tia^ in tl)i£f cl)irclje (Bon gete tl)eir jsfotilis 
 
 goolie regfte. 
 
 " In the history of Leicestershire the first words were read, 
 * Here lyeth Giles Jordan,' evidently because it was presumed, 
 and probably correctly, that this was the same memorial thus 
 noticed by Burton in his description of Leicestershire, ' On the 
 tombe of Giles Jordan and Margaret his wife ; which Giles dyed 
 1415, Quarterly, Argent, three mullets gules; and sable, a chev- 
 ron or between three garbs argent.' The costume of the figures 
 seems scarcely so early as 1415. Indeed it will be remarked how 
 closely it resembles the attire of another townsman of Lough- 
 borough and his wife (engraved in the same plate, and now 
 exhibited) which are dated 1480. I am inclined to believe the 
 date is really 1441." The name of Giles Jordan was, we may 
 presume, legible in Burton's time. 
 
 " On the reverse side of this plate, since it has been raised 
 from the stone in which it was embedded, has been found, cut in 
 bolder and still perfect letters, an epitaph in the following 
 words : 
 
 '' €)rate p a'lab} cElijabetlj %i0k nuo filie 3|ol)i0 Cerff 
 uni' Ecmemorator' tie ^ceio Eegi^ l^erici sent 
 
 ;2Dtueli0 HiQk filii | goljiie filie tice Cli^abetlj qi obierilt 
 t'mino 0ci l^illarii ^nno ^Vii° timrjnn litQis 
 
 " This inscription is very singular in its giving the date of the 
 ■death of the parties, not by the year of our Lord, the month or 
 •day, but by the year of the King's reign, and the term of St. 
 
 ' History of Leicestershire, by John Nichols,, vol. iii. pi. cxxii. fig. 3, p. 901 ; 
 also in Bibliotheca Topographica Brilannica, vol. viii. pi. ixix. fig. i, p. 1380. 
 
 '^ In the Transactions of the Leicestershire Architectural and Archaological 
 Society, vol. v. p. 299, the Rev. W. G. Dimock Fletcher gives the date as 1445.
 
 92 
 
 Hilary. The mother and her two children are all three stated to 
 have died in Hilary term in the 17th year of King Henry the 
 Sixth, that is, in 1438. Her father, who was Remembrancer of 
 the King's Exchequer, may have fancied the legal form of dating 
 as peculiarly appropriate to members of his family. That three 
 of them should have died at nearly the same time may probably 
 be attributed to the prevalence of the plague or some other serious 
 epidemic disease. It is, however, possible that there may have 
 been some error in this date which led to the plate being cancelled 
 and used for another memorial. One further observation may be 
 made upon this date, namely, that the year occurring upon this 
 the earlier inscribed surface of the brass, shows that, as before 
 suggested, 1415 is too early for the other side, which we would 
 rather assign to 1441. The occurrence of Otuel as a christian 
 name at this period should also not be passed without observa- 
 tion." 
 
 This plate, measuring 31x2! inches, is now fastened to the 
 south wall of the Tower, together with the mutilated figures of 
 Giles and Margaret Jordan.
 
 93 
 
 LINCOLNSHIRE. 
 
 Boston. 
 
 Obverse. A much mutilated and worn figure of a lady, c. 1460. 
 The head, feet, and a greater portion of the left side lost. She 
 wears a high-waisted gown, encircled by a narrow ornamental 
 girdle, and having close-fitting sleeves with small turned-back 
 cuffs. Height of effigy in its present condition, 19I inches. 
 
 Paumpsest Figure, Boston, Linos. 
 
 About one-sixth full size. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of tlie upper part of a large figure of a 
 widow, c. 1390, showing the barbe and veil, the hands and fore-
 
 94 
 
 arms, the sleeves of the kirtle with their numerous buttons, the 
 gown with close-fitting sleeves, and the cord for fastening the 
 mantle. 
 
 Loose in the library over the porch in 1894. 
 
 GUNBY. 
 
 A knight and lady of the Massyngberd family, c. 1405, both 
 with SS. collars, double canopy, the side shafts lost, five shields, 
 of which two only remain, and a marginal inscription, now much 
 mutilated. 
 
 In 1552 the brass was appropriated as the memorial to Sir 
 Thomas Massyngberde, who died in that year, and his wife Joan, 
 a daughter of John Braytoft. To accomplish this the marginal 
 inscription, which was originally in incised letters, was cut down 
 and replaced by one in raised letters. Traces of the earlier 
 inscription are still visible between the words of the later 
 inscription. 
 
 The brass, which is on the floor of the Nave, is engraved in 
 the Rev. C. Boutell's Series of Monumental Brasses, and in the 
 Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. pi. xxi. 
 
 HORNCASTLE. 
 
 Sir Lionel Dymoke, 1519, in armour, kneeling, with scroll 
 from hands, two sons (now lost), and three daughters; Holy 
 Trinity lost, in the casement is now painted a coat-of-arms ; three 
 shields and an inscription. On the wall at the East end of the 
 North Aisle. Engraved in G. Weir's Horncastle, ist Edition 
 (1820), p. 30, and 2nd Edition (1822), p. 27, and the Rev. S. 
 Lodge's Scrivelsby, the Home of the Champions, p. 53. 
 
 The lower portion of the plate bearing the sons, i\ x 3f 
 inches, was palimpsest, having on the reverse a fragment of a 
 Flemish inscription with three letters on a curved scrolE 
 between diaper work of vine leaves and bunches of grapes, 
 c. 1370. A rubbing of this fragment is in the Collection of the 
 Society of Antiquaries. 
 
 According to the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental 
 Brasses, pt. ii. p. 118, there is on the reverse of one of the shields 
 of arms "a figure playing a violin, Flemish." The writer has 
 been unable to see any rubbing of this or to obtain any further 
 details.
 
 95 
 Laughton. 
 
 A knight in armour, probably of the Dalison family, c. 1400, 
 under triple canopy. Appropriated by the insertion of a new 
 foot inscription as a memorial to William Dalison, Esq., Sheriff, 
 Escheator, and Justice of the Peace and Quorum for the County 
 of Lincoln, who died in 1546, and his son and heir George 
 Dalison, who died in 1549. 
 
 The brass, which is on a high tomb at the East end of the 
 South Aisle, is engraved in the Rev. C. Boutell's Series of Monu- 
 mental Brasses; the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Montimental 
 Brasses, Introd., p. clxi. ; J. Hewitt's Ancient Armour, vol. ii. 
 p. 185 (eff.) ; Gentleman's Magazine, N.S. vol. v. pt. ii. (1858), 
 p. 223 (eff.) ; and Audsley's Dictionary of Architecture, p. 252. 
 
 Lincoln, St. Mary-le-Wigford. 
 L 
 
 Obverse. A small cross standing on two steps, the lower 
 inscribed with word QYtiZ, and an inscription to William Horn, 
 formerly mayor of Lincoln, 1469. The cross is y^ inches m 
 height, and the inscription- plate measures 24^ x 4 inches. 
 
 I^ic 3|acet Mlilljs l)orit quontia maior ci'tnt' Eincoln 
 q« obiit rif tiie marcu a° tirii 9^''€€€€° Irir cut' 
 ale ppiet' I10. 
 
 The engraver seems to have miscalculated his space and hit 
 upon the ingenious idea of placing the last word of the inscription 
 on the lower step of the cross. 
 
 Reverse. The authority for this is the Proceedings of the Society 
 of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. v. p. 473, when, on March 20th, 1873, 
 Mr. Edward Peacock, F.S.A., exhibited three rubbings of 
 palimpsest brasses found under the floor of this church in 1871. 
 Mr. Peacock says that on the back of the inscription to William 
 Horn is " part of a canopy with the figures of St. Simon and St. 
 James the Greater, as may be conjectured from the symbols of a 
 saw and a shell, which they respectively bear." On the back of 
 the cross, or on the steps supporting it, is "a merchant's mark," 
 but Mr. Peacock gives no description of it, and the rubbings can- 
 not now be found. 
 
 The brass is now fastened to the North Pier of the Tower 
 Arch, so that the palimpsest portions cannot be seen.
 
 96 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to John Jobsun, fishmonger and sheriff 
 of Lincoln, 1525. Size of plate, 13 x 3 inches. 
 
 I^ic mn 3OP0 31ob!Sfu ff^djmono:er olim 
 ticicomeiEf ciuitat' lincolnie qui obiit iiij° 
 W gulii ^° mi W <^<^<L<L€,° %%V tni' 
 ale ^^^iiin' W amen 
 
 Following the last word is a representation of an axe and 
 knife. 
 
 Reverse. Authority as No, I. An inscription " only partially 
 legible." 
 
 Now fastened to the West wall of the South Aisle. 
 
 Norton Disney. 
 
 Obverse. A curious quadrangular plate, 35 x 23 inches, un- 
 dated, but probably engraved between the years 1570 and 1580. 
 It commemorates two members of the Disney family : William 
 Disney, Esq., who died in 1540, and his wife Margaret Joiner, 
 and their eldest son Richard, who died in 1578, and his two 
 wives, Nele Hussey and Jane Ayscough. The plate is divided 
 into five compartments, the upper containing a triangular pedi- 
 ment enclosing a shield charged with the arms and quarterings 
 of Disney impaling Joiner. On the dexter side of the pediment 
 is the crest of Disney, a lion statant guardant, and on the sinister 
 that of HussEY, a hind lodged under an oak tree, gorged and chained. 
 The second compartment contains the half-effigies, kneeling at a 
 desk, of William Disney, Esq., in armour with helmet, and his 
 wife Margaret Joiner. Between them is a scroll bearing the 
 words Sufferance tlOtlj dEagfe, and behind the father are 
 the half-effigies of four sons in civil dress with their names, 
 
 Eicljart), William, ^\ioma0, iprance^, on scrolls; behind 
 
 the mother are five daughters, also half-effigies, with their names, 
 
 <ann, ^ax^, S^argaret. I^ateren, Briget. on scrolls. 
 
 Under the centre figures is inscribed : 
 
 acllillm 2Di0nep cEgfquier, Sl^arpret gjoiner. 
 
 The third compartment contains three shields of arms, the 
 centre bearing the arms and quarterings of Disney, the dexter 
 those of HussEY, and the sinister those of Ayscough. In the 
 fourth compartment are the half-effigies of Richard Disney, full-
 
 97 
 
 face, in armour with helmet, and his two wives, Nele Hussey 
 and Jane Ayscough, slightly turned towards him. Behind the 
 first wife, Nele Hussey, are the half-effigies of seven sons in civil 
 dress (the portion of the plate, 5| x 2 inches, bearing their 
 names has been cut out) and five daughters, ^CllM, (£-0ttt, 
 JUtietlj, 31Utl^l)» anti »)USfan. The plate behind the second 
 wife is blank. Below is the following inscription : 
 
 ijjclc nauffljter of ^^ ^lillm ^usfo^ I^nj^ffljt (Eicl)arli 
 3Di0nfj,') Jianm tiaug:ljt of ^"^ MLilim ^p^coufflje. I^. 
 
 The fifth compartment is occupied by the following inscrip- 
 tion : 
 
 "(Ilje l^'fe, conber0acion, anti <seniice. of tljc first afaoue 
 
 namcti (Icllillm ^ime^ 
 iinti of EicIjartJ 2Di0nep Ijigf Sonne tocrc comeutiablf 
 
 iintouffest tbev neig:= 
 boars trebje anti fatljcfull to tijrr prmcc aix^ clntc $ 
 
 acceptable to fcirijall^ 
 niig:l)t[' of vuljome toe trust tlje^ are recebeb to valuation 
 
 accorbinffe to tlje 
 0tebfast fa^'tlje toljiclj tljej^' Ijab in i tljroufflje tlje merc^ 
 
 anb memt' of Cljrist o"^ 
 saiiior 'oTljes trutljes ar tljus 0ttt fortlje tijat in all 
 
 aties (Bob ma^ be tijankfiillj' 
 rjlorifieb, for tljes anb suclje l^^ke Ijis gracilis benifites, 
 
 Revevse. A long Dutch or Flemish inscription in black letter 
 recording the foundation, in 1518, of a mass at the altar of St. 
 Cornelius, by Adrian Adrianson and the lady Paesschine van den 
 Steyne. 
 
 [In] t Jaer duizst vijfhondert eh xviij opten xxix dach [in] 
 decembri Soe hebben adriaen adriaensz ende Joncvrauwe 
 paesschine van den steijne ghefond [eert binnen] desz ke [rcke o] p 
 sincte Cornells ouctaer Eene ee [uwige mi] sse dae [chs] de 
 welcke de kercklTTrs anghenomen [hebbe] n te doen doene en 
 tonderhoudene. Te beghinnene de voersz misse altijt nader 
 clock sclach van thien wren daer den priester vooren hebben 
 zal vij poont gz vlaems tsiaers jn vier termine den coster die ter 
 voersz misse luden sal de groote scelle v sz gz tsiaers op sincte 
 
 aechte 
 dach alsmen huer beijder jaergetijde doet oft des ander
 
 98 
 
 daechs daer na jndien zij op eenen sondach comt ende op 
 ghennen dach anders. Soe zullen de voorn kerckmrs of de 
 
 be [sitters] [t] sauens ter vigelie en tsmerghens ter 
 
 misse 
 do [en bringhen op] t gracht pelle en saerge ende daer op doen 
 stellen viij bernende stallichten van wasse Ende de vier 
 kerckmrs de iij heleghegheestmrs en deke en beleeders huijsvrz 
 van sinte Cornelis ouctaer zullen come zitten ten graue ter 
 vijgelie va ix lessen en ter misse van requiem die der voorn 
 bezitters doen singhen zuUe mette voile chore met andoenders 
 eh prouider leuereh daer toe dat oflferliecht daer de voile 
 choer de kerckms helegegheestmrs deken eh baleeders vande 
 lakensniders huere huijsvrauwe de prister bezitter van deser 
 misse coster costrissen ende de bodel mede zullen gae offeren 
 singhende onder de offererande de Sequentie dies ire dies ilia &c 
 daer vooren de voorn bezitters tgoets ghehouden zuUe zijn te 
 betalen jnde vigelie den deke iiij gz elck canonick vicepastoer 
 coraelmeester ij gz elcken capelaen ende mercenarius j gz ende 
 elck chorael xij 1' Ende des anderdaechs jnde misse diesgelijke 
 wel verstaende zoe enzal niement van hem luden hierafgaud' 
 dan die pht zijn va beghinsel vaden dienst tottem eijnde. Noch 
 [z] ullen zij betalen den prister die de misse voersz singhen zal 
 
 vj gj 
 [die a] ndoenders elc xij gz die prouidierder ij gz de coster ij gz 
 
 di [e] 
 [costri] ssen tsamen vj gz voor tdecken en de kaersen tontstek [en] 
 
 The letters and words in brackets are conjectural, as the brass 
 is damaged in places. The following translation is based upon 
 various versions printed in R. Gough's Sepulchral Monmnents, 
 vol. i. pt. i., Appendix, p. cxcvii. ; the Rev. G. E, Jean's List 
 of Sepulchral Brasses in Lincolnshire, p. 48; the Rev. G. Roberts' 
 Parish Memorials relating to Norton Disney ; and the Transactions 
 of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. pp. 222, 301 : 
 
 " In the year 1518, on the 29th day of December, thus have 
 Adrian Adrianson and Lady Paesschine van den Steyne founded 
 within this church upon the altar of St. Cornelius one daily 
 perpetual mass, which the churchwardens have undertaken to 
 have celebrated and continued. The said mass to begin always 
 after the stroke of ten, the priest to have seven pounds grooten 
 Flemish yearly in four terms. The sexton, who for the said 
 mass shall ring the great bell, five shillings grooten yearly on 
 St. Agatha's day when the anniversary of the two is celebrated,
 
 99 
 
 or on the day thereafter if it fall on a Sunday and on no other 
 day. So shall the aforesaid churchwardens or the trustees. . . . 
 in the evening at the vigil and in the morning at the mass 
 cause to be placed on the grave the pall and serge and eight 
 burning candles of wax, and the four churchwardens, the three 
 Holy Ghost masters, and the dean, and the wife of the director 
 of St. Cornelius' altar shall come and sit at the grave at the 
 vigil of the nine lessons and at the mass of requiem which the 
 before-named trustees shall cause to be sung with full choir, 
 with shrouders and providers supplying the oblation light, where 
 the full choir, the churchwardens. Holy Ghost masters, dean, 
 and directors of the clothcutters, their wives, the priest trustee 
 of this mass, sexton, sextonesses, and the beadle shall offer 
 singing during the offering of the sequence Dies irae, Dies 
 ilia, &c. For which the aforesaid trustees shall pay, in the 
 vigil, to the dean four groats, to each canon, vice pastor, and 
 choirmaster two groats, to each chaplain and mercenary one 
 
 groat, and to each chorister twelve (?) and on the next day 
 
 in the mass the like, it being well understood that none of these 
 people shall profit hereof except those present from the begin- 
 ning to the end of the service. Moreover they shall pay the 
 priest singing the aforesaid mass six groats, the shrouders each 
 twelve groats, the providers two groats, the sexton two groats, 
 the sextonesses together six groats for the covering and lighting 
 the candles." 
 
 Another nine lines of this, or of a similar inscription, forms 
 the reverse of the inscription to John Dauntesay, 1559 (but query 
 engraved later), at West Lavington, Wiltshire.^ From this it 
 appears that the name of the church was " Westmonstre," 
 which has been identified- as that of St. Martin, or Westmonster, 
 formerly existing in the city of Middleburgh, in Walcheren, in 
 the province of Zeeland. This church seems to have been 
 completely destroyed in 1575."^ The West Lavington fragment 
 also records the penalty for any breach of the agreement, the 
 property in such case to lapse to the guild of the altar of St. 
 Cornelius with the same charge as set out in the foundation, 
 one light to go to the churchwardens, &c., and one amongst the 
 friends of Adrian Adrianson, and one amongst the friends of 
 the lady Paesschine. 
 
 ' See Archceological Jountal, vol. iv. p. 362, and E. Kite's Monumental 
 Brasses of Wiltshire, p. 56. 
 
 ^ ArchiEological Joitrual, vol. v. p. i6o. 
 ' Ibid.
 
 lOO 
 
 The Norton Disney plate is now in a hinged frame on the 
 north wall of the Chancel. The obverse side is engraved in 
 R. Gough's Sepulchral Monuments of Great Britain, vol. i. Introd., 
 pi. cxxii, p, cxxii,, and both sides in the Oxford Portfolio of 
 Monumental Brasses, pt. v. pi. iv. 
 
 MIDDLESEX. 
 
 Cranford. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Nicholas, son of Thomas, and brother 
 to Mardocheus Bownell, parson of this church, 1581. Size of 
 plate, 165 X 3I inches. 
 
 ^ett untiec l^etlj tljc boti^c of i^icolag Botunell late 
 tlje jsonne of ^ljomne> Botoncll an\i farotljcr to ^actios 
 clim0 Botunell pardon of tl)i0 rljiirclj toljo ticce00eri 
 tt)e rbitfj M^t of »>eptcmber I58l 
 
 Reverse. Four lines of a fifteenth century inscription, the top 
 and bottom lines bisected. 
 
 Cortiigf (?) atroi* (?) 
 
 Bellua pa00oru non imtt tiolor obitn \)uim 
 ^ic constant qui parte 0rneu tiampnief laceratuef 
 ab grauiorib? quieuit (?) plciussimuo eiio (?) 
 
 Now fastened on a hinge. 
 
 *o^ 
 
 Harlington. 
 
 Obverse. Effigies of Gregory Lovell, Esq., lord of the manor 
 and patron of the church, 1545, aged 56, in armour, and wife 
 Anne, daughter of David Bellingham, Esq., inscription (now 
 lost), and four shields of arms. A small figure of a daughter is 
 also lost. The male effigy measures i8j inches in height, the 
 female 17^ inches, the inscription-plate 24I x 5^ inches, and 
 the shields 6| x 5J inches. The upper part of the lady's figure 
 is engraved in the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, 
 Introd., p. ccxlv. 
 
 The inscription, which has disappeared within recent years, 
 read thus : 
 
 i^ere Ipet^ d^uegor? Houell C0qu^er late lortie of tfjigf 
 
 'ciLotoixe of i^acl??itffto 
 anti patotii of tlji0 Cljutclje anb ^mte lji0 to^ffe 
 
 2DotDffI)ter to iabj^tlj 15tU
 
 lOI 
 
 I|nio:{)m (t^qn^n toljo bcttornc tljcm Ijati 31^^"^^ "^^^ 
 
 Dotoffljtcr before tije etU'l> 
 (Bregor^' Deee00|^ti f toljielje d^repn' Deutpti tljio tooi'ltie 
 
 to^oiit Ijeire of Ijis lioti^' 
 tl)e rrijti) nap of €)etolier in tlje Ibi pere of Ijio ^gf in^ti 
 
 in tlje j^ere of our lortie 
 tieoti a^"CCCCC°iH3 idiJl^CiR 
 
 In the last line the clause containing the prayers for tlie soul 
 of the deceased has been erased. 
 
 The shields, now inaccurately arranged, bear the following 
 arms : 
 
 A. Upper Dexter. (Arg.) a bugle horn (sa.), styinged (or) 
 Bellingham, quartering (Arg.), three bendlets (gu.), on a canton (of 
 the second) a lion passant [as the first). Burneshead, with a crescent 
 in fess point for difference. 
 
 This shield should be on the lower dexter, i.e., under the 
 man's feet. An old rubbing shows the original shield to have 
 been lost. It no doubt bore Lovell quartering Cornwall. 
 
 B. Upper Sinister. Quarterly I. and IV. {gti-), three bars 
 nebnly {or) a canton ermine. Lovell II. and III. {Arg.), a lion ram- 
 pant {gn.), crowned {or) debrnised by a bend {sa.) charged with six bezants. 
 Cornwall (?) impaling Bellingham quartering Burneshead as 
 above. 
 
 This shield is in its original position. 
 
 C. Lower Dexter. Similar to B. This shield was origin- 
 ally the sinister shield on the back of the tomb. Shield A 
 should be here. 
 
 D. Lower Sinister. Lovell quartering Cornwall. This 
 shield is in its original position. 
 
 Traces of colour still remain in some of the shields. So far 
 as at present known three of the shields are palimpsest, as was 
 also the inscription. The effigies and shield B have never been 
 loose, but are probably also palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. The inscription was made up of two pieces, the 
 smaller, about 3 inches in width, apparently a portion of a 
 hgure of a civilian, c. 1500-20, but the rubbing in the possession 
 of the writer is very indistinct. The larger piece is a nearly 
 perfect inscription, about 21 inches in length, to George Barlee, 
 son of William Barlee, Esq., " which'e George whyle he lyved 
 
 vowed hymself to John Jer(usa)l(e)m in Ingland," and 
 
 died in 1513.
 
 102 
 
 H^Btt Ipetl) (BtovQt Baiiee tl)e 0ont cf ^lillm BarUe 
 
 of t{) 
 
 jEfquper tol)icljc ffeorge tol)^Ie lie Ipbeti tjotoeti !jpm0elf to 
 
 fi^^[?nt] 3Iol)n 3|erlm in 3Ii^ffiiii'i^ ^i^^ f)^ Decegfsfeti tljc 
 
 xiiii ti 
 
 t[)e pere of our lorn plj 9^^F'^riij on tol)O0e jsoules 
 
 lliu 
 
 Shield A is made up of two pieces ; the smaller, forming the 
 base of the shield, is a fragment of the lower portion of a small 
 figure in civil dress, probably a boy from a group of sons, 
 c. 1500-20. The larger piece is the end of an inscription, of 
 about the same date ; the top line is illegible, then there is a 
 wide space followed by two more lines. 
 
 Ijaue m'c^ 
 
 .... 0t' $ a ate 
 
 the last few words being no doubt " paternoster and an ave." 
 
 Shield C is known to be palimpsest, but cannot now be 
 examined, as the new serpentine altar-rails have been built 
 against it, so that despite its hinges it is now a permanent 
 fixture. The writer has been unable to see any rubbing of 
 the reverse, and would be grateful for any information. 
 
 Shield D is also made up of two fragments : the smaller 
 piece, forming the base of the shield, is a portion of a figure, 
 and looks very much like the collar and partlet of a lady, or 
 possibly the girdle surrounding her waist. It appears to be 
 little earlier than the obverse side, and is much obscured by 
 solder. The larger piece shows a few words of an English 
 inscription, c. 1500-20, thus: 
 
 .... to t\)c mo0t .... 
 .... molicr of tlje .... 
 .... 00eti tljc ln0t .... 
 
 The brass in its original slab is now let into the South wall 
 of the Chancel, the shields on hinges. It was formerly on a 
 high tomb on the North side of the Chancel, " under an obtuse 
 arch ornamented with quatrefoils and foliage."^ An old rubbing 
 
 ' D. Lysons' Middlesex Parishes^ p. 129.
 
 I03 
 
 in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries shows not only 
 a portion of the figure of the daughter, but also two shields 
 and another mutilated inscription from the back of the tomb. 
 
 Harrow. 
 
 Obverse. Two plates, slightly mutilated, one containing the 
 commemorative inscription and the other ten English verses, 
 to Dorothy, daughter of William Bellamy, Esq., of Uxenden, 
 in the parish of Harrow-on-the-Hill, and wife of Anthony 
 Frankishe, Gent., of Water Stratford, Bucks, 1574. Size of 
 inscription-plate, 18^ X 8i inches, of verse plate, 19I x 9 inches. 
 
 ^nt l^n\i burden p faoti?' of [2Dorotlj]^e late to^fc of 
 
 ianton^ 
 ffi-aiikj^0lje of (L(llatei:0trotforU in tlje Coimt^e of Buck* 
 d^cnt' ann tiotocyljter of (LcLUUinni 3e\lam^ of cLUentitn in 
 tl)c pniT^'0lje of l^arroto bpou tlje IjjjU in tlje Countj^f 
 of ^pD' (Efifquper anti I^atljcrpit l)i0 to^^fc toljiclj ^iiton^' 
 anti 2Dorotl)pe IjaU imc brttoenc tljem one 0onne anti 
 fotore tiotoffiJtft*0 bij. (15erratt ffrnnkp^Ije. 3Ione. 9^arp. 
 ffCQunces anti 31one. an'n tlje 0aj'ti 2Dorotl)[^e tiin nepart 
 out of tlji0 toorlti tlje uutt; tiaj^ of auo:u0t Si^ 1574 
 
 l^ere 2Dorot^^e ffrank^0l)e l^^etl), toljo0 mortall l^mta av 
 
 lieati. 
 But to enioj^'e imortal re0t, Ijee 0oule to Ijetjen ^0 fleaUti. 
 (Icai)ple0 l^tt ti^ti la0t. 0l)e b3a0 a pateene of gooti l^>fe 
 SDeboute to pn, gootJ to tlje poore, a clja0t anti peefet 
 
 topfe 
 ffor cbri0t lji0 cro00e 0lje calti, ao:apn0t tlje pang' of 
 
 lieat^ 
 ioljiclj 0lje toitlj mj^niD * ^ic beljelD, untj^ll Ijee later breatlj 
 idnti 00 QdXit up Ijec p0t, to pti toljiclj l^'fe liiti lenti 
 l^ljo for Ijer poti anD toortlj^ l^^fe, pbe Ijer a Ijapppe enti 
 [aijtljobjfflj ^^ tieatl) totij tj;7nt of Dart Ijatlj brotogljt Ijer 
 
 corp' a0leape 
 ['(ITlje] eternall pt>, Ijer eternall 0oule. eternall^'e tiotlj 
 
 kepe. 
 
 ^
 
 104 
 
 Reverse. The inscri 
 
 Harrow, Middlesex. 
 
 About one-quarter full size. 
 
 ption-plate is cut out of a Flemish brass, 
 c. 1370, showing a por- 
 tion of canopy work with 
 the small figure of a man 
 in tunic, hood and mantle, 
 holding a book in his 
 right hand, possibly in- 
 tended to represent one 
 of the prophets. Below 
 is a smaller seated figure 
 of a weeper with a long 
 liripipe attached to his 
 hood. Along the edge 
 are the following words 
 of a marginal inscrip- 
 tion : 
 
 31nt + 31iin- + 0110 
 + Ijeren 
 
 enclosed by a narrow 
 border ornamented with 
 dots, roses, and quatre- 
 foils. A small strip of 
 plain brass has been 
 soldered on to the right- 
 hand corner, as the plate 
 proved too small for the 
 later inscription. 
 
 The plate bearing the verses is also cut out of another very fine 
 Flemish brass, c. 1360. It bears a portion of the head, neck, 
 shoulders, and hands of a lady, her head reposing on a cushion 
 supported by angels and richly diapered with birds and foliage. 
 Her wimple and mantle are plain, but her robe is ornamented 
 with a rich diaper of foliage enclosing lions' heads and winged 
 monsters. A narrow fillet enriched with roses and quatrefoils 
 runs between the figure and the side shaft of the canopy. In 
 a niche in the side shaft is the greater portion of a small figure 
 of St. Paul, with sword and book, and beyond this is the 
 marginal inscription, of which only the numeral X'Q appears. A 
 small quatrefoil encloses a shield charged with three stags at 
 speed.
 
 I05 
 
 Harrow, Middlksex. 
 
 About one-quarter full size. 
 
 The two plates are now framed and hang on the wall of 
 the South Aisle. 
 
 The palimpsest portions are engraved in J. G. and L. A. B. 
 Waller's Series of Monumental Brasses, Introd. p. x. ; Transactions 
 of the London and Middlesex Archaeological Society, vol. i. pp. 272, 
 273 ; ^ Transactions St. Paul's Ecclesiological Society, vol. iv. p. 232 
 (canopy piece only) ; and both sides of the plates in S. Gardiner's 
 Architectural History of Harrow Church, pis. xxxvii., xxxviii. 
 
 ISLEWORTH. 
 • I. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to William Chase, Esq., serjeant to 
 King Henry VIII., and of his most honourable household of his 
 hall and woodyard, 1544. Size of plate, ig| x S\ inches. 
 
 ^i ^r cljai^te pca^ for tlje »)OUle of Mlillm Cljnefr 
 
 suqnnc efcrffcaunt to kj^no: \)t\\x^ tlje \iin $ of Ij^'cf mo0t 
 
 Ijonorable 
 l)oto0eljolt) of \)^^ Ijnll $ toooti['crt) toljidj tiece00etJ tljr tiiii 
 
 Dap 
 of 9^a['c vw tlje per of ourc lortic floti Sl^iCCCCC aixti 
 
 rliii) 
 of tDl)O0 0oule $ all txiQi)>\\ ^oule^ ilju Ijaite xmu^ amen. 
 
 ' From which the accompanying illustralions are, \y permission of the Society, 
 reproduced on a reduced scale.
 
 io6 
 
 tfsM^lrtrj?m#tte«iraWiepM«|fl)r^^^ 
 
 
 IsLEWORTH, Middlesex. 
 
 About one-fifth full size 
 
 Reverse. A portion of the side shaft of the canopy of a fine 
 Flemish brass c. 1350-60, with the figure of an apostle under 
 rich canopy work. The name of the apostle is unfortunately 
 wanting, and there is some doubt as to his identity, for in his left 
 hand he holds a club, the emblem usually assigned to either St. 
 James the Less or St. Jude, whilst with his right hand he 
 supports a large open book or tablet inscribed with the words 
 remijar0ionem peCCatOrum, the clause from the Apostles' Creed 
 usually given to St. Simon, whose emblem is most frequently a 
 saw or one or two fishes. 
 
 At the top of the plate is the name ^^^^Bi^^^^^if)* 
 XaElJS."!E"j©-, in late Lombardic characters, but this refers to 
 the apostle whose figure was in the corresponding niche above. 
 
 When the brasses were relaid some years ago the Chase 
 inscription was placed under the figure of a man in armour, 
 c. 1450. It is at the East end of the Nave, but was loose in its 
 casement in 1902. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Fraunces, daughter of Edward Holland, 
 Esq., of Denton in the county of Lancaster, and servant to the
 
 107 
 
 Lady Margaret, Countess of Derby, 1575. The last two figures 
 of the date are broken away, but the register records her burial 
 on March 29th, 1575, as " Frances Holland, gentlewoman to the 
 Countess Darby." Size of plate, 16x6 inches. Relaid under 
 the figure of a civilian, c. 1590, at the East end of the Nave. 
 
 Ijcrc lietlj burieti unticu tljie ap^niion of anms 
 yi^i0tris ffraunc' ll^ollanti one of tljc tjnuffijtcre of 
 Ctitoartic il^ollanti of 2Dcnton in tljr Countic of XmW' 
 ka0trr (£0quier: m"^ ecrbant unto t^^t rijljt l)ono= 
 table tlje \Mz ^^arpret Coiintesse of 3Derbie toljo 
 tii00ea0eti tlje rrbiitb liiu?e of ^arelje ^^ tini 15175 1. 
 
 luirr ^lipfe-fttiir ftfTiiant&tto K)rr|^|oiuJ'^ 
 
 '^^It^M^^I^D^X^X^il^^Mi^^Yi^^SMi^ 
 
 W/tiiiniiniini/iiiiiininiiiininmiiiiiiiniiiiiiuiiiiiiniiniinminiiiiuniiiiinnimi 
 
 ISLEWORTH, MlDDLESKX. 
 About one-quarter full size. 
 
 Reverse. A fragment of the upper left-hand corner of a large 
 Flemish brass, of late fifteenth or early sixteenth century work, 
 showing a portion of a shield with a field fretty charged with 
 eagles displayed, and a small portion of the mantling above,
 
 io8 
 
 also a large pomegranate in the corner and pieces of the 
 ornamental border surrounding the whole. At Erith, Kent, 
 forming the reverse of the inscription to Anne Harman, 1574/ 
 is another fragment of this Flemish brass, also showing part of 
 a shield with eagles displayed on a fretty ground with mantling, 
 &c., but cut from the right-hand side of the plate, as is proved 
 by the position of the eagles in the shield and the shading in 
 the broadest line of the ornamental border, which in the Erith 
 example runs in from the inner and in the Isleworth from the 
 outer side of the plate. 
 
 The Isleworth palimpsest is now fastened down. It is here 
 reproduced from a rubbing in the collection of the Society of 
 Antiquaries. 
 
 Littleton. 
 
 Inscription to the Lady Blanche Vaughan, sometime wife 
 of Sir Hugh Vaughan, " who lyeth buryed at Westmynster," 
 1553, and shield of arms. The shield only is palimpsest; it 
 
 bears on the obverse the arms of the family of Castell 
 
 three castles triple-towered ji'ith a flenr-de-lys in fess point for 
 
 difference, and on the reverse the greater portion of a group of 
 five daughters, c. 1520, wearing kennel-shaped head-dresses and 
 close-fitting gowns with tight sleeves and turned-back cuffs. 
 The shield measures 5I x 4f inches, and in 1899 was loose in 
 its casement on the Chancel floor. 
 
 London, All Hallows Barking. 
 
 The mutilated brass to William Thynne, Esq., a master of 
 the household to Henry VIII., 1546, in armour, with head resting 
 on helmet, his second wife Anne, a daughter of William Bonde, 
 a foot-inscription with text, and a commemorative marginal 
 inscription with the symbols of the Evangelists at the corners, 
 was completely restored and relaid in a new slab by Messrs. 
 Waller in 1861, at the expense of the late Marquis of Bath, and 
 was then found to be palimpsest. 
 
 Obverse. The original and palimpsest portions consist of (A) 
 the figure of William Thynne, 29J inches in height, a small 
 portion between the feet lost ; (B) three-quarters of the figure 
 of his wife, 24 inches in height, the lower portion with the feet 
 
 ' Engraved in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. iii. p. 
 203, and see also vol. iv. p. 145.
 
 leg 
 
 I 
 
 
 I 
 
 g 
 
 ^1 
 
 London, All Hallows Barkino. 
 Palimpsest Reverses of Thynne Brass. 
 
 About one-seventh full size.
 
 no 
 
 and a piece of the right elbow lost ; (C) a strip of the marginal 
 inscription, 37 X i| inches, bearing the words . . . ^ Of t|)0, 
 
 lorti' '(Irumpet in bjljosc Compng: tljat tor map all 31"?' 
 
 fullj^ ntete l^^m ; and (D) another strip of the marginal 
 inscription, 41 1 x I5 inches, bearing the words 2DCpflrtptl fCOlTl 
 
 tl)i0 prison of lji0 fraple botij? ^^ x^^ tinp of ^UQU^tt 
 ^nno tiui. 1546 $ in tje x:iTbiiit&. 
 
 Reverse. (A) This is cut out of the centre portion of a much 
 larger figure of a lady, c. 1530, and shows a portion of the hands 
 with lace cuffs at the wrists, a rich girdle encircling the waist, 
 and a long cord with tassels, which no doubt fastened the mantle, 
 but of this there is no trace. 
 
 (B) This is cut out of the centre portion of an ecclesiastic, 
 c. 1 5 10, in mass vestments and holding a chalice. Only a 
 portion of the body, the right shoulder, arm and hand, together 
 with the foot and a part of the bowl of the chalice, appear. 
 
 (C) Is a portion of an ornamental border from the top of an 
 inscription-plate, c. 1520 (?). The upper portion of the first line 
 of the inscription also shows, but is illegible, as only the tops of 
 the letters remain. This piece gives the width of the inscription 
 as 38 inches. 
 
 (D) Three fragments from the same inscription as (C), 
 bearing the words gju %l)t ^tVt Of OUt lorH (150tl.— tl)t 
 
 bti) tiap of ^UQU^t— ^Ije to^??cl) ef^ go^n tieceaspti, and a 
 
 small fragment on the reverse of XXhUf bearing two lines from 
 
 obttt rrhii° hit 
 
 an earher mscription ,,,/, In the first three pieces 
 
 Dpiciet tie am . . ^ 
 
 the tops and bottoms of other letters are visible, but too frag- 
 mentary to be legible. 
 
 The brass is now at the East end of the South Aisle. William 
 Thynne edited, in 1532, the first complete edition of Chaucer's 
 works, with the exception of the " Ploughman's Tale." His 
 will is printed in Notes and Queries, 3 S., vol. iv. pp. 365, By his 
 second wife, Anne Bond, he had three daughters and one son, 
 Francis, afterwards Lancaster Herald, and one of the original 
 members of the Society of Antiquaries.
 
 Ill 
 
 London, British Museum. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. A circular plate much worn and indented, 5|- inches 
 in diameter, bearing the bust of a priest, c. 1400-20, in amice, 
 surrounded by the smaller busts of four boys, and enclosed by 
 the following inscription: + IjIC UUtt 3l0ljC!3 mctl^nt (?) CIjOlGi 
 
 JtiiMto (?) Cffllnlteru' manuir (?) qc' alab} upicict' tic\ This 
 
 inscription is exceedingly difficult to read owing to its worn 
 condition and from its having been slightly cut down when 
 re-used. The writer is indebted to Mr. C. H. Read, Keeper of 
 the Mediaeval Antiquities, and to Mr. O. M. Dalton, of the 
 same Department, for much kind assistance in the attempt made 
 to decipher it. 
 
 British Museum. 
 
 About one-third full size. 
 
 Reverse. On this is engraved a wedge-shaped instrument 
 with loops on the left-hand side, and graduated at the bottom 
 from I to 8. An early form of quadrant (?). The instrument 
 is enclosed with a circle, and probably formed a portion of the 
 same brass as the reverse of No. II. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obvevse. A circular plate, 5^ inches in diameter, bearing 
 the small half-effigy of Thomas Quythed, " tercius magister 
 istius collegii," c. 1460 (?), in mass vestments and surrounded 
 by the following inscription; ^\Z XHZtt '(IljOmCf qU[>tIjCtJ 
 
 nuiffcot' llcrcr iQti' collrcyii riu' aic upicict' tic'.
 
 I 12 
 
 Reverse. On this is engraved a pair of open compasses 
 within a circle. The style of ornamentation on the upper part 
 of this instrument points to a late sixteenth century date. 
 
 British Museum. 
 
 About one-third full size. 
 
 Possibly the reverse of No. I. and of this formed parts of a 
 brass to a mathematical instrument maker. 
 
 III. 
 
 Obverse. A group of seven daughters, c. 1470-80, all with 
 butterfly head-dresses, and close-fitting gowns open at the neck 
 and trimmed with fur. Size of plate, 6 x 4I inches. 
 
 Reverse. The hands, wrists, and a portion of the body of a 
 large figure, apparently of the fifteenth century. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Obverse. A group of three sons, c. 1530-40, in civil dress; 
 feet lost. Size of plate, 4^ x 3^ inches. 
 
 Reverse. Portions of six figures from a group of sons, c. 
 1500-20, in civil dress. 
 
 Obverse. A quatrefoil bearing the symbol of St. Mark within 
 a border ornamented with small roundels. Size of plate, 5x4! 
 inches.
 
 113 
 
 Reverse. A portion of a shield, apparently foreign, bearing 
 
 . . . a chevron . . . charged with six barvulets . . . impaling . . . 
 a chevron between three crescents . . . 
 
 
 British Museum. 
 
 About one-third full size. 
 
 The obverse and reverse are reproduced in the Rev. H. W. 
 Macklin's Monumental Brasses, p. iii. See also Wimbish, Essex, 
 and Betchworth, Surrey. 
 
 London, Guildhall Museum. 
 
 Obverse. The upper half of a shield, late sixteenth century, 
 3j X 5^ inches in width, bearing a chevron engrailed ivith two 
 leopards' faces in chief and a label of three points, impaling a 
 quartered coat, the first quarter bearing per pah seven barrulets 
 counterchanged, and the second three lions rampant. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of a late fifteenth or early sixteenth 
 century inscription : 
 
 Cibi0 n 
 
 ... or ti' qui qiiitim liica .... 
 
 ... is ^cptcmbris ^itito 
 
 . . . uorum aiiilij pkitt' ti . . . . 
 
 Said to have been found in the City. 
 
 NORTHOLT. 
 
 Obverse. Effigies of John Gyfforde, in armour, his wife 
 Susan, who died in childbed in 1560, a group of nine sons, a 
 group of three daughters, and a foot-inscription in six Enghsh 
 verses. Four shields lost. All in 1902 loose in the slab on the
 
 114 
 
 Chancel floor, and, with the exception of the inscription, all 
 palimpsest. 
 
 The male effigy is 15 inches and the female 14I inches in height, 
 the inscription-plate measures 16^ x 6|- inches, the sons 6x6 
 inches, the daughters 6 X 4|- inches, the shields were 7x6 
 inches, and the whole slab, which was once the cover of an 
 altar, one incised cross remaining, is 66 x 32 inches. This 
 side of the brass is reproduced in the Girl's Own Paper for 
 December 3, 1892. 
 
 Reverse. The male effigy is composed of two plates, respec- 
 tively measuring lof and 4^ inches. The larger piece, which 
 forms the lower part of the effigy, shows portions of the legs 
 and feet of an armed figure, c. 1480, the feet resting on a hound. 
 The smaller or upper portion belongs to the same figure, and 
 shows the cuisses on the thighs, the tonlettes with a baguette 
 of mail between the plates, and a portion of the sword crossing 
 the body diagonally. The female effigy is composed of three 
 plates, respectively measuring 4^ , 7, and 3^ inches. The first, 
 forming the head of the figure, is another portion of the armed 
 figure previously described, and shows the lower portion of the 
 breastplate, part of the faces, the pommel of the sword and a 
 portion of the sword-belt. The larger piece in the centre shows 
 lines of drapery only, and the lower piece consists of the base 
 of a lady's figure showing the folds of drapery at the feet and 
 the ground on which the figure stands. The centre fragment 
 may possibly have belonged to this figure, but all the joints 
 are much obscured by the solder used to fasten the pieces 
 together. 
 
 The group of sons is composed of two plates, the upper being 
 cut out of the centre of an inscription and reversed, the first 
 line being illegible owing to the solder : 
 
 ... obiit xiiii tiie nee . . . 
 . . . anno Dili milllo €€€,.. 
 
 The lower is cut from the left-hand corner of a three-line 
 inscription, the first line obscured by the solder : 
 
 ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ 
 
 eiujEf qui quitirm MliU .... 
 obiit xW tiie Sl^aii . . . 
 
 The group of daughters is cut out of a worn group of about 
 eight kneeling sons, in civil dress, c. 1500.
 
 1 1 5 
 
 PiNNhK, 
 
 Obverse. Small figure, g^ inches in height, of Anne, daughter 
 of Eustace Bedingheld, Gent., 1580, in swaddling clothes. She 
 was buried at the charges of her grandmother, Margery, widow 
 of John Draper, citizen and " bere " brewer of London. The 
 inscription, now imperfect, originally measured i7|- x ^^ inches, 
 a small piece, i| inches in width, being lost : 
 
 }^ttt untier Iml) tljc bo^vt of ^iiite Beriitig:tclti t[lje] 
 2Dtiug:|)tec of Cucftace BeDiiifffcltJ ^mt' toljo tirpteti \)[n\ 
 l^tt 5c iTiijtf) ct tabvnav}^ \5S0, $ luirj^cu at tljc cl)a[i:n0:'?] 
 of Sl^argni' 2Drapcr tuiDoto late to^'fc of Jjolja 2Dra[per] 
 Citijcii auti bcre bretorr of lloutioit Ijcc (Brauutimotfljerj 
 
 This obverse side is engraved in the Transactions of the London 
 and Middlesex Archceologicat Society, vol. iii. p. 178, and in the 
 Girls Own Paper, October 8, 1892. 
 
 Reverse. The figure is cut out of the marginal inscription 
 of a large Flemish brass of late date, and bears the words 
 HiER + LIGHT, with an ornamental stop between them. The 
 reverse of the inscription-plate may have formed a portion of 
 a canopy, or possibly of a figure, but as there are only two broad 
 lines and three smaller ones it is impossible to give any exact 
 definition. 
 
 The brass was formerly on the floor of the North Aisle, 
 and narrowly escaped complete destruction at the time of the 
 restoration, when the end of the inscription was lost. It is now 
 mounted in a wooden frame and kept in the vestry. 
 
 MONMOUTHSHIRE. 
 No palimpsest noted in this county.
 
 ii6 
 
 NORFOLK. 
 
 Cley. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Robert Tayllar, 1578. Size of plate, 
 10 X 3J inches. 
 
 ^tvc l^nl) tlje boti^ of 
 lioliart Cnpllar bjlja tipeti 
 gf 14tfj of 3!anuarp a° 1578. 
 
 Reverse. Two pieces of canopy work of late design, probably 
 Flemish. One piece bears the base of a shaft with the feet and 
 legs of a small figure in a niche. The other, which is obscure, 
 appears to belong to a part of the same composition. 
 
 Loose in the vestry in 1890. 
 
 Clippesby. 
 Obverse. A small fragment of an inscription, 3 X 2| inches. 
 
 . . tini aia 3Ioljief Ij . . 
 . . qui obiit xxii . . . 
 
 . . a° nni 9^° C . . , . 
 
 Reverse. A portion of another inscription, possibly a " waster," 
 as it is of much the same date. 
 
 .... qui rop .. . 
 .... fit Ijistori . . . 
 . . . piciftur ti . . . 
 
 This fragment, dug up in the garden of the old rectory, is now 
 kept in the church chest. Blomefield, in his History of Norfolk, 
 vol. xi. p. 164, notes an inscription " on an old brass," to John 
 Heron, rector, 1472, of which this may possibly be a portion.
 
 1 1 
 
 Felmingha.ni. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Ursula Wychehynggam, c. 1530. 
 Size of plate, 10^ x 2| inches. The work of a local engraver. 
 
 €)ratc pro ala 2lU*c?iile (liillpdjcljpng: 
 pm cut' ale propicictur Do amcii 
 
 Reverse. The Rev. H. Haines, in his Manual of Monumental 
 Brasses, part ii. p. 151, says, " on reverse an inscription to William 
 Elyes, chaplain, 1500." The plate is now fixed to the wall and 
 the writer has been unable to obtain any further information. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription in large coarse Roman capitals to Robert 
 Moone, 1591. Size of plate, io|- x 5^ inches. The work of a 
 local engraver. 
 
 HEARE LYETH THE 
 BODYE OF ROBERT 
 MOONE WHO DISSE 
 ASED THE 24 DAYK OF 
 MAY ANNO DONI I 59 i . 
 
 HEARELYETHThE 
 BODYE OFROBERT 
 
 A^AfA^NODONl■I59I 
 
 Palimpsest Insckii'tion, Felmingham, Norkoi.k. 
 
 About OTie-fiftli full size. 
 
 Reverse. This inscription is cut out of the centre portion a 
 priest in mass vestments, c. 1450-60. The fragment shows the 
 hands, the sleeves of the amice, the maniple and portions of the 
 chasuble. 
 
 The plate is now fastened to the wall. 
 
 Frenze. 
 A. shield, 51 x 4^ inches, with the arms of Lowdham, Arg., 
 three escutcheons sa., on the obverse, and on the reverse another shield
 
 iiS 
 
 bearing Quarterly I. and IV., a chevvon. II. and III., a lion ram- 
 pant, crozaned or. From the brass to Ralph Blenerhaysett, Esq., 
 1475. The reverse appears to be an unfinished shield with the 
 arms of Blenerhaysett quartering Orton, which, for some error, 
 was cancelled and the arms of Lowdham substituted on the other 
 side of the plate. 
 
 Loose at Frenze Hall in 1891. See Norfolk Archeology , vol. 
 xiii. p. 194. 
 
 Halvergate. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. Small half-efifigy of a lady in turban head-dress, with 
 a mutilated inscription to Robert Swane and Alice (?) his wife, 
 1540. The figure measures 8 inches in height and the inscription- 
 plate, in its present mutilated condition, is I2| x 2 inches. The 
 whole is the work of a local engraver. 
 
 Inscription : 
 
 .... lr['tl)e Eobarti »)\Dnnr anti 
 ... izk \)v^ toj^fc a° tiiv ^° V^ rl. 
 
 lep^ti;61j^\ci .feiBKur alio 
 
 Jraml^ilisr^niniiH 
 
 Palimpsest Figure, Halvergate, Norfolk. 
 
 About one-sixth full size. 
 
 Reverse. The almost complete memorial of Brother William 
 Yarmouth, consisting of his bust in monastic habit, with the 
 following short inscription, the last letter of the surname wanting : 
 
 ffratcr ^iUmgf JI^'^'i^^i^^" • 
 
 Date c. 1440. Now hung in a frame on the wall of the church. 
 Both sides of the plate are engraved in Norfolk Archaology, vol. 
 X. p. 218.
 
 • 119 
 
 II. 
 Obverse. Inscription to Robert Golword and wife Katharine, 
 1543. Size of plate, 20 x 3| inches. The work of a local 
 engraver. 
 
 ^t(x}! for tl)C cfoulc of Eobati (Boltnorti i liatc'ine 
 1)10 to^'fe on b3l)oi0 efoulc 3Ic0u Ijauc m'c^' 
 a°tini 9t^° CCCCC vliit (Kt p quib? tcncnttir 
 
 
 Icttt^ftpbDlip flf difalirtlj J ll])}f of to p: tab fcilp»,| ll'orthp, 
 aalhphipDofctof i^ uplipl ifliD IiarDoifxftpslJaprsmliiJollrtlitu 
 
 ^fiYii lit I 
 
 5)02'aftM)fe oMaWn^ Hje dliJDc#tbB'|Dl|!|yjpMl2lo!| 
 
 Palimpsest Inscription, Hai.verga'ie, Norfolk. 
 
 One-fifth full size. 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription, also the work of a local 
 engraver, to Elizabeth, daughter of Lord Bardolf and wife of 
 Thomas, Lord Scales. Undated, but probably engraved c. 1460. 
 
 \}txt iTSt^'tl) f boti)' of cli0abrtl) f toj'f of tljos f lord 
 ;©lD)'lu f tiotot' of f nofa^'l lorD Imrtjolf i Ijrs tia^'cs 17'tlj 
 
 llOtBtljt)' 
 
 '^o qbjooc 0otDlc ilju 0rnlic ['^ liropps of pi plcntcuoto0 
 
 mrrcp 
 ^0 pt aft)'r ri0 objtla^q' ecljc abntic \DPtI) ['^ l)ol[' i }n 
 
 ppcturl fflorj* 
 
 Probably spoil from Blackburgh Priory, the burial place of the 
 Scales family. There is considerable doubt as to the identity of 
 the lady to whom this inscription was cut. Thomas de Scales, 
 seventh Lord Scales, who died in 1460, is said to have married, 
 about the year 1433, Emme, a daughter of John Walesborough, 
 of Devon. The Complete Peerage by " G. E. C." adopts a sugges- 
 tion originally made in Notes and Queries (6 S., vol. xii. p. 426)
 
 that " Thomas " is a mistake for " Robert " and assigns the lady 
 to Robert, Lord Scales, who died in 1419. It also, on the 
 evidence of this inscription, states that the lady was buried at 
 Halvergate, quite overlooking the fact of the inscription being a 
 palimpsest and, therefore, no evidence. 'Blomeheld, in his History 
 of Noyfolk, vol. X. p. 23, makes this Elizabeth to be a first wife of 
 Robert, fifth Lord Scales, who died in 1402; whilst Burke 
 [Extinct Peerage) makes her the only wife of the said Robert and 
 the lady who had for her second husband Sir Henry Percy. 
 
 A possible solution of the difficulty may be found in considering 
 the lady as a second and unrecorded wife of Thomas, seventh Lord 
 Scales. The theory of an engraver's error is ingenious but hardly 
 probable, for, in the first place, an engraver was not likely to com- 
 mit such an error as the substitution of the name " Thomas " for 
 " Robert," nor, on the other hand, would the family overlook such 
 a blunder. 
 
 Merton. 
 
 Obverse. Thomas de Grey, Esq., in armour (legs lost), 1562, 
 inscription (mutilated), and three shields (two lost). The figure, 
 when perfect, measured 20 inches in height, in its present con- 
 dition only 14 inches; the inscription-plate 26 x 4 inches, and 
 the shields 6x5 inches. 
 
 Inscription : 
 
 i^ere lictlj li^toi^^i^^^'^^ tiljc botiie [of ^Ijomao] tiegre^e 
 
 (Esquior ^onnc nnti Ijcprir ot Ctiuuti 
 tiegr^^'c Csquior toljo tirccascti tlj[c 12 of Sl^a^J 1562. 
 
 anti Ijati to Ijis first ^ife ^nnc cEucuotie 
 2Daiio:ljtcr ot ljcnr?'c Cucrotie of [Hinstcti in] »)Uffol\e 
 
 cEoquior ^nti to lji0 0cconti 
 Cfuipancc tljc 3Dauo:!)tcr of [»>ir (laij^monlic Carnrluc of 
 
 antljon^T in Cornrtorll 
 I^niffljtc toljo0c 0oulc pn p[artion]. 
 
 The words in brackets, now lost, are supplied from Cotman's 
 engraving. The brass, which is the work of a local engraver, is 
 on the floor of the South Aisle beneath a pew, but the boards 
 above it are movable. It is engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral 
 Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. pi. Ixxv. p. 40, where the inscription and 
 shields are shown perfect. 
 
 Reverse. The first portion of the inscription, measuring
 
 121 
 
 9| inches, became detached from the stone some years ago and 
 was found to bear on the reverse the feet of a man in armour 
 resting on a Hon, c. 1390. It is now fastened down, but there is a 
 
 Rkvkkse of Pori'ion of iNscRirrioN. 
 Merton, Norfolk. 
 
 About one-half full size. 
 
 rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries from which 
 the accompanying illustration has been made. The joint on the 
 right hand side is much disfigured by solder. The whole brass 
 appears to be made up of fragments, and is probably all 
 palimpsest. 
 
 Narburgh. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Elizabeth, wife of John Goldyngham, 
 Esq., 1556. Size of plate, 14I X 5^ inches. The work of a 
 local engraver. 
 
 ^;»fiT itnticr U'Ctlj luuTCti (£l^0abctlj 
 cBoltii'mjljin outvmr tljc topff of J^^^W 
 (J5olt))'noi)ni r^qiD'cr toljo ticpartcti tljijs 
 piToriu loorltic tljc liii tiap of ffcbriiarp a'' 
 155(3 toljooc 0olxilc pi3 partion 
 
 Reverse. This inscription is cut out of the lower portion of a 
 priest in mass vestments, c. 1470-80. The fragment shows part 
 of the chasuble, the maniple, the stole, the bottom of the alb, 
 and the feet of the figure. 
 
 Now fastened to the Tower wall. There is a rubbing in the 
 collection of the Society of Antiquaries.
 
 I 2 2 
 
 Norwich, St. John Maddermarket. 
 
 I. 
 
 According to the Rev. F. Blomefield's History of Norfolk 
 (1806), vol. iv. p. 290, also quoted in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral 
 Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. p. 33, and in the Rev. H. Haines' 
 Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. ccxxvi., the lost in- 
 scription from the brass to John Marsham, mayor of Norwich, 
 who died in 1525, and wife Elizabeth, was a palimpsest. On the 
 obverse it bore the following : 
 
 " €)f ]?our cljnr^tc prap for t^t 0ouUe0 of 91oIjn Sl^nrdjam 
 gfometpmc mairc of t\ii^ tittiz of j^or^Diclje i (ili^abetlj 
 Ijief tojjffe toljidj ^lolju ucceajjefcti tlje rtii nap of Slpap in 
 tljc ['frc of our Eorti (Boti 9^' >tc rrb oit tol)O0r jsfoullest 
 anil all €xmn\ 0oullcef ^l*^^" 1)'^^^ mercj' amen." 
 " Sl^cmcnto Ijomo quia moricri0." 
 
 and on the reverse, or as Blomefield says, " on the same plate, on 
 the side next the stone, is this, as appeared when it was pulled 
 off, it being now loose in the vestry " : 
 
 " Charitable peppl tljat 0ljall loke upon tljis 0ton 
 
 l^ate 31cbn i^ar0l)am h\ remembrance of pour eljarite 
 
 S^aper of tl)i0 Cpte 0umtpme toa0 lji0 per0on 
 
 5anti tlje riij tiap of ^ap tljen tieparteli Ije 
 
 anti a 9^° V^ ix\\i\ iTt Cri0t pere0 anointeti 
 
 ipor Cli? 1)10 toife of pour cljarite prap 
 
 ^Ijat in tlje ifeptlj Catljolick from tlji0 toorlti tieparteti 
 
 ^w tlje pere of Cri0t ^° F^ 
 
 ge 0ljall not lo0e pour rljaritable tiebocion 
 
 x\\ Carr»inal0 Ijabe granted pou riF tiape0 of pardon." 
 
 Evidently a cancelled plate to suit the changing times. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription, in raised black letter, to Nicholas 
 Sutiherton, alderman and mayor (in 1539) of Norwich, 1540. 
 In the right-hand corner is a small shield with the Suttherton 
 arms. Size of plate, 25^ x 6 inches. The work of a local 
 engraver. 
 
 l^ere lietlj Burieti pf botip of S19a0ter i|5icljola0 ^uttljerton 
 latte Sl^aper i ianijerma of tlji0 toorcljipfull tixt toljpclje tlje 
 neute
 
 T23 
 
 ^ta after [n Ijc tons Sparer tii0cc00iti ototc o£ tl)i0 tvmU 
 
 torie l;'fe 
 tljflt tone? tljc pcrc of okir lorti 1540 tlje r tin^'c of jl^obcmbr 
 
 to^osf sfoulf 0a}^c ['obj g|c0u Ijauc m'cj' for ^0 Ijc 3|0 00 
 0cljnU pc Be 
 
 
 Palimpsest Inscription, St. John Maddermarket, Norwich. 
 
 About one-sixth full size. 
 
 Reverse. The lower portion, from the hands downwards, of 
 the right-hand side of a lady, c. 1460, in mantle. At her feet, 
 engraved on her gown, is the complete figure (7^ inches high) of 
 a daughter attired as a nun, and half the figure of another 
 daughter in the usual costume of the period. 
 
 The brass is now fixed to the wall of the South Aisle so that 
 the reverse cannot be seen. Some years ago all the brasses in 
 this church were taken from their stones and placed on the walls. 
 In consequence of this injudicious treatment all have suffered 
 severely from corrosion, and are now in a disgraceful condition ; 
 in fact, are fast being ruined. 
 
 III. 
 Obverse. Effigies of Robert Rugge, Esq., alderman and twice 
 mayor of Norwich, 1558, in civic gown, his wife Elizabeth, five 
 sons, four shields, four scrolls, and an inscription on a bracket. 
 A plate bearing a group of daughters and a shield with a 
 merchant's mark now lost. As nearly the whole brass, which is
 
 124 
 
 of a common Norwich type, the work of a local school of 
 engravers, is palimpsest, it will be more convenient to consider it 
 in sections. In all, it originally consisted of fourteen pieces, 
 as follows : — 
 
 (i) The figure of Robert Rugge, in civic mantle, the lower 
 part of the legs and the feet wanting. In its present condition 
 the figure measures 37^ inches in length. 
 
 (2) A scroll proceeding from his mouth. This scroll has 
 twisted ends, it measures 13x2 inches, and is inscribed 
 
 Pater tic ccli0 ticu0 
 mi0crrnr nobis. 
 
 (3) The figure of Elizabeth Rugge, 35 inches in length. 
 She wears the kennel-shaped head-dress, and the usual under- 
 and over-gown of the period. The latter is fastened round the 
 waist by a silken cord with knotted ends. 
 
 (4) A scroll from her mouth similar to (2), but inscribed 
 
 Jfili retjcmptor mutii Ueu0 
 miscrcrr nobis. 
 
 (5) A shield between the heads of the figures, bearing the 
 initials R. E. interlaced by knot work. 
 
 (6) A bracket upon which the figures stand, and which 
 bears the inscription : 
 
 ^t ^our rljarptic pra)'c for tlje soules of Eobnrte Euffge 
 
 (fsquirr 
 sometime fliticrman anti ttopsc Q^tipcr of tljis toorsljipfull 
 
 citic of 
 ^orbjiclj. anti (i^lqabctl) Ijis tojjffr toljiclj Ijan i^&m bcttoire 
 
 tljcm 
 fj'bc sonnrs anti it) Dauffljtrrs ann tijc saitic Eofat l^iiQQt 
 licpartctJ tljis tranciton' life tlje rbii) tiaj'e of ffebruarie in 
 
 tlje j'care of our iiorti (Boti 1558, of toljose soiiles 
 Sfl^e ^oii ;|e0ti Ijaiie mere^'e ^men. 
 
 This bracket measures 31^ x 24 inches. 
 
 (7) A square plate, gj x g^ inches, bearing the kneeling 
 figures of five sons in doublets and knee-breeches. 
 
 (8) A scroll proceeding from the corner of the plate, similar 
 in style to (2) and (4), but inscribed 
 
 2Deuo propiciii0 e0to 
 animabu0 parentli nror* 
 
 (9) A square plate bearing the figures of the three daughters 
 now lost. 
 
 (10) A scroll similar to (8).
 
 125 
 
 (ii) A shield at the upper dexter corner, charged with the 
 arms of Rugge (Gules), a chevron engrailed between three pierced 
 mullets (argent), with hehiiet, mantUng and crest, a talhot passant 
 (argent), collared, ringed and eared (sable). 
 
 (12) A shield at the upper sinister corner, charged with the 
 arms of Kugge only. 
 
 (13) A shield at the lower dexter corner with Rugge's 
 merchant's mark, now lost. 
 
 (14) A sliield at the lower sinister corner, charged with the 
 arms of the Mercers' Company. 
 
 The brass was formerly on the floor of the South Aisle, but is 
 now fastened to the wall of the North Aisle, and is in a disgraceful 
 condition from damp and neglect. It is engraved, somewhat 
 inaccurately, in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol. 
 i. pi. 70. 
 
 Robert Rugge was sheriff of Norwich in 1537, mayor in 1545, 
 and again in 1550. His brother, William Rugge, was the last 
 abbot of St. Benet's Hulme, and subsequently bishop of Nor- 
 wich from 1536 to 1550. Robert was twice married, the date of 
 the death of his first wife, Elizabeth is unknown ; his second 
 wife was Alice, widow of William Hare ; she survived him and 
 was buried at Plumstead. 
 
 Reverse, (i) The figure of Robert Rugge. This is made up 
 two plates, respectively measuring 19^ inches and 18 inches, and 
 consists of the greater portion of the centre of a large and early 
 figure of an abbot. The figure is vested in amice, alb, 
 maniple with broad-fringed end, and chasuble. The apparels of 
 the alb are continued entirely round the wrists, and the amice 
 lies loosely round the neck. The hands are encased in rich 
 gloves, the right holding the stem of the crosier, whilst the left 
 supports a large, richly-bound and clasped book. As the lower 
 part of the figure is wanting, except two fragments used for 
 scrolls, it is impossible to say what otheroavestments were worn. 
 The date appears to be about 1320, and the figure may be com- 
 pared with that formerly at Oulton, SutToIk, to Adam de Bacon, 
 rector, who was living in 13 18, but whose brass is generally dated 
 about i3io\ Effigies of abbots holding books are not uncommon, 
 but only one brass has so far been noticed. It is at Adderley, 
 Shropshire, to an unknown abbot, date about 1390'^ 
 
 ' Engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk and Suffolk, vol. 
 ii. pi. iii. ; Rev. C. Koutell's Monumenlal Brasses and SLihs, p. 95 ; Rev. H. 
 Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses (1861), Inirod., p. cxlii. ; Photolithograpk 
 privately published by E. M. Reloe, jiin. ; Norfolk Ardi, colony, vol. i. p. 355. 
 
 ■ Engraved in ArclKzologUal fotirnal, vtil. Iii. p. 53.
 
 126 
 
 Palimpsest Reverses ov Rugge Brass. 
 St. John Maddermakket, Norwich.
 
 127 
 
 (2) and (4) Scrolls. These are both cut from the lower part 
 of the figure of the abbot. No. (2) shows a part of the staff" of 
 the crosier and a portion of the orplirey of the chasuble. No. (4) 
 shows part of the apparel of the alb at the feet of the figure, 
 and also a portion of a lion's face, showing that the figure had, 
 as in the case at Oulton, a lion at the feet. 
 
 (3) The figure of Elizabeth Rugge. This is made up of three 
 pieces, respectively measuring 15 inches, 4^ inches, and 5^ 
 inches. All belong to the figure of a priest in mass vestments, 
 and may be dated about 1340. 
 
 (5) Shield with initials. This is cut out of a larger shield 
 bearing the arms of Fastolf, Quarterly (or) and {azure) on a bend 
 (gules) three crosses crosslet (or). 
 
 (6) Bracket. The greater portion of this is blank, only the 
 finial, 8| X 7 inches, being palimpsest. It is composed of two 
 pieces, of which the larger bears the face of a lion of early date, 
 and the smaller may have been a portion of its body, but only one 
 engraved line remains. 
 
 (7) The sons. Blank. 
 
 (8) Scroll. Made up of bits of an armed figure and half a 
 lion's head. Date about 1440. 
 
 (9) The daughters. Lost. 
 
 (10) Scroll. Blank. 
 
 (11) and (12) Rugge arms. Blank. 
 
 (13) Merchant's mark. Lost. 
 
 (14) Mercers' arms. Cut out of the figure of a lady in kirtle 
 and mantle, c. 1440. 
 
 In all, portions of six brasses were re-used to make up Rugge's 
 memorial. The shield with the arms of Fastolf may have come 
 from the abbey church of St. Benet Hulme, as it is known that 
 Sir John Fastolf was buried there in 1459, in a chapel which he 
 had erected on the north side of the presbytery, where his wife, 
 Milicent, a daughter of Sir Thomas Tiptoft, was also buried. 
 The fragments of the armed figure and of the lady may possibly 
 have belonged to the same brass. There are no means of identi- 
 fying the abbot, he may have come from any house. If from 
 St. Benet's, it may have represented Nicholas de Walesham, 
 who died in 1302, or Henry de Brook, who died in 1325. 
 
 The various reverses of this brass are engraved in Norfolk 
 Archicology, vol. xiv. p. 66, and are here reproduced on a slightly 
 reduced scale, by kind permission of the Council of the Norfolk 
 and Norwich Archaeological Society,
 
 128 
 
 Norwich, St. Martin-at-Palace. 
 On the floor of the Chancel, now partly covered by the choir 
 stalls, is a large slab, 8 feet 6 inches x 4 feet, with the indents 
 for a commemorative inscription, 18 x 15 inches, in the centre, 
 and a large shield of arms, g} x 8|- inches, below, the whole 
 surrounded by a marginal inscription, of which the following 
 words still remain — ^ am 0'OCV tljtlt ItlP— ClOtljCtl apmiCtDltlj 
 
 — ftcdje ^tt 31 m^ 0clfe— oljall brljoltie Ijjnn not,— on four 
 
 strips of brass, each measuring if inches in width. The work of 
 a local engraver. The Rev. F. Bloinefield, in his History of 
 Norfolk (8vo. ed. 1805-10), vol. iv. p. 372, thus describes the 
 brass, which appears to have been perfect in his time : 
 
 " In the chancel there is a large stone with brass plates, on 
 which is circumscribed that passage in xix. Job, verses 25. 26, 27. 
 
 •• 31 am 0bcr tl)at m)' rcticmar Iplictlj ant) tljat 3 0ljall 
 rpgfe out of tlje cartlj m tljc latter na^ tljat 3 jJljall be 
 clotljeti affainie bjitlj tW ekj'iine anti 0e p^ n^ nt^ aeclje 
 ^ee 3 mp selfe 0ljaU beljoltie Ijpm not toitlj otljar but \Ditlj 
 tljese came e^'e^.' 
 
 " it^ere Ipetlj Ijptin untier tlj^c 0tone 
 ^Ije bDpfe of s>ir pij^Hpppe Caltljorpe \\\\v%\)t 
 ant! clepj'ti 2Dame 3iii^f f!)^ tiotoiyljter of one 
 3]Ijon Bleberlja^'00et (E^quier Ije Ijj'jjljt 
 ^Ije lobeti (15oti'0 loortie anti libeti Ij'ketuise 
 ^Ije pbe to tlje poore 1 peaj^'ti for tlje xnz^z 
 ^Ije ruleti Ijer Ijolo^e in mescuer anti cj^cce 
 ^^e 0pent a0 it eame anti ptljereti not moel)e 
 Ulje tiajj of apn'll ttoentp anti 0etien 
 (I5oti tiiti Ijec eall from ljen0e on to Ijabben 
 anno 1550. 
 
 " Calthorpe impales Bleverhasset, Lowdham, Orton and 
 Keldon." 
 
 In Norfolk Avchcsology, vol. i. p. 366, it is recorded that on 
 July 2, 1846, the secretary read a letter from Mr. Dawson 
 Turner, stating that Mr. Warren, of Ixworth, had sent for the 
 inspection of the Society a brass, of which Mr. Turner gave the 
 following description : 
 
 " Brass, formerly attached to the stone in the church of St. 
 Martin-at-the-Plain [or at-Palace] , Norwich, which commem- 
 orated Jane, wife of Sir Philip Calthorpe, Knt., and daughter of
 
 129 
 
 John Bleverhassett, Esq., who died 153c [error for 1550.] The 
 arms upon it are Calthorpe {Cheqiiy or and az., a fess erm.) impaling 
 Blenerhasset (Gn., a chevron erm. between three dolphins entbowed az.), 
 Lowdham (Arg., three escutcheons sa.), Orton {Vert, a lion rampant 
 arg., crowned and armed gu.), Keldon {Gu., a pall reversed erm.). In 
 this brass are two things to be remarked, its very unusual thick- 
 ness and its having been a portion of a larger plate, on the reverse 
 of which had been engraved the figure of a female or priest, 
 a part of whose drapery is here visible. The outline of the 
 whole shield, and of each smaller coat and its bearing, appears 
 raised, owing to the interior of the several figures being depressed, 
 except in the or of Calthorpe, and in the argent and ermine, as often 
 as they occur. In the case of the or the brass is left and was 
 probably only covered with a wash of gold, or with gold leaf. 
 Argent and ermine always present a surface of lead, on which small 
 fragments of a very tliin white enamel are here and there 
 observable, showing that the whole was originally coated with 
 such. When other colours were to be represented, a matrix 
 composed of red lead, mixed with wax or oil, fills the cavity, 
 leaving, however, room for a coat of enamel, considerably more 
 thick than the white just mentioned ; but hardly any portion of 
 such is anywhere to be seen. In two of the azure compartments 
 in the Calthorpe arms, the red lead has been carefully removed, 
 exposing the metal, quite irregular in its surface, perhaps left 
 purposely so below." Mr. Turner stated that it was Mr. 
 Warren's intention to restore the brass to its original position. 
 In 1847 the Rev. C. Boutell, in his Monumental Brasses and Slabs, 
 p. 150, illustrates the two sides of the shield and repeats Mr. 
 Dawson Turner's description. Mr. Warren's good intention was 
 not carried out, for The East Anglian Notes and Queries, vol. i. 
 (1858) p. 415, contains an enquiry by a correspondent signing 
 himself '* L.," as to the whereabouts of this brass. An editorial 
 note says, " We have the authority of Mr. Warren, of Ixworth, 
 to say that the brass of Jane Calthorpe was bought by him at the 
 sale by auction of the effects of the late Rev. George Boldero, of 
 Ixworth ; and the late Mr. Goddard Johnson and himself searched 
 the Norwich churches to discover the stone from which it had 
 been removed. Having been successful in this search Mr. 
 Warren left the brass with Mr. Goddard Johnson to have it 
 replaced, if possible, but if this could not be done, ^Ir. Johnson 
 was to present it in Mr. Warren's name to the Norwich Museum, 
 but this does not appear to have been done." In the same
 
 130 
 
 volume, p. 425, another correspondent, under the initial " A," 
 states, " A short time after the decease of the late Mr. Goddard 
 Johnson, the palimpsest shield from the gravestone of Jane 
 Calthorpe was left with me by the Rev. J. Gunn, to be 
 restored to the church of St. Martin-at-the-Palace, with the 
 understanding that it was to be refixed to the stone from 
 which it had been so long reaved. This has not yet been 
 done, but the Rev. S. B. Harris, in whose custody I left the 
 brass, has explained the delay, and again promised that it shall 
 be replaced. Some fragments of the marginal inscription, which 
 have been detached for years, are also in his care, and these, too, 
 are palimpsests. A portion inscribed ' Redeemer lyveth and 
 that ' is cut out of the same effigy as the shield, and another 
 fragment having ' wyth the same eyes ' has on its reverse part of 
 a shaft of a canopy, still retaining its original gilding." 
 
 The brasses were never replaced. They were probably sold 
 amongst the goods of the vicar on his decease, and after passing 
 through various hands were in April, 1902, in the possession of 
 Prince Frederick Duleep Singh, Old Buckenham Hall, Norfolk, 
 to whose courtesy the writer is indebted for rubbings. 
 
 The pieces now preserved at Old Buckenham Hall consist of 
 the shield and three fragments of the marginal inscription, all 
 being palimpsest. The shield, which measures 9^ x 8| inches, 
 
 Palimpsest Shield formerly in St. Martin-at-Palace, Norwich. 
 
 About one-fourth full size. 
 
 bears on its obvevse the arms of Calthorpe impaling Blener- 
 HASSET quarterly with Lowdham, Orton, and Keldon, and on
 
 131 
 
 the reverse the lower portion of a lady in mantle, c. 1530. Two 
 fragments of the marginal inscription, respectively measuring 7^ 
 and 10 inches, join together and have on the obverse side the words 
 rCtiemar Ij'betij antJ tljat. These pieces come from the top 
 ri^ht-hand corner of the slab, but the indent for the greater part 
 of the strip is now covered by the choir stalls. Their reverse con- 
 sists of another portion of the c. 1 530 lady ; a small fragment of an 
 engrailed charge, either a bend or a saltire, shows that her mantle 
 
 :W^^ ^^sm^mui. 
 
 mtm^^im^'^my >. m. 
 
 Palimpsest Fragments of Marginal Inscription kormerly in 
 St. Martin-at-Palace, Norwich. 
 
 About one-fourth full size. 
 
 was charged with heraldic bearings. The third strip, measuring 
 13J inches in length, bears on its obverse the words t\)t&t eftllllC 
 Z^t'S, and belongs to the top left-hand corner of the slab, being the 
 last words of the text. On the reverse is a portion of the shaft of 
 a canopy, c. 1530, finely engraved and still retaining traces of 
 gilding. 
 
 No doubt the other fragments of the marginal inscription still 
 remaining in the slab will be found to be palimpsest should they 
 ever become detached. 
 
 Norwich, St. Pkter Mancroft. 
 Obverse. Effigy of Peter Rede, Esq., 1568, in armour of date 
 about one hundred years earlier, a copy from an older figure.* 
 
 ' This is proved by the date of the palimpsest, and by the fact that the fii^ure 
 and inscription are cut from the same Flemish brass.
 
 132 
 
 j5EREVNDEBJJYBTlt^- COUPS OF PETERKJ^DE ESaVI 
 ' ER->^HOHA*H ^0KHEEV^ERVE,DN0T0NEY H YS 
 PKYI^^CEAND•GVNTREY•J5VT•AIESO•lI£•EMPEROR:CHAR 
 LESTI^'5' BOtTE-Al-TFECONQVESE OFBARBARIAA>D ATTH: 
 «IEGD0F-TVN1SA6-AES^0-1N01HERPLACESWH0RAX)GEV'- 
 ENHmBY'Tre-5AYD-EMPFJlOVR- FORHYS-VA LIAVJSTP^^ 
 DE,DE5TiEORDER-OFBAKBARIA>)/HO*DYE.DTH: 13' OF 
 DECEMBER;IKTH:YEAR0F0VREL0RD'G0D15' 6^ 8- 
 
 Okveksh: and Reverse ok the Brass to Peter Rede, 1568, 
 St. Peter Mancroft, Norwich, 
 
 Abuut one-fifih full size
 
 Very curious, the work of a local engraver. Height of effigy, 21 
 inches. Below is the following inscription on a plate measuring 
 234 X 6| inches : 
 
 HERE . VNDER . LYETHE Y . CORPS . OF . PETER . REDE . ESQVI 
 
 ER . WHO . HATH . WORTHELY . SERVED . NOT . ONLY . HYS 
 
 PRYNCE . AND CVNTREY . BUT ALLSO . THE . EMPEROR . CHAR; 
 
 LES . THE . 5 . BOTHE . AT . THE . CONQVEST . OF . BARBARIA . AND . AT 
 
 . THE 
 SIEGE . OF . TVNIS . AS . ALSO . IN . OTHER . PLACES . WHO . HAD . GEV. 
 EN . HYM . BY . THE . SAYD . EMPEROVR . FOR . HYS VALIAVNT . 
 DEDES . THE . ORDER . OF . BARBARIA . WHO . DYED . THE 29 OF 
 DECEMBER . IN . THE . YEAR . OF OVRE . LORD . GOD I568. 
 
 The brass lies on the floor of the chancel and is engraved 
 in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. pi. Ixxvii. 
 p. 41, and the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, 
 Introd., p. lii. 
 
 Reverse. Portions of a large, fine Flemish brass of very late 
 fifteenth or early sixteenth century work. The figure of Peter 
 Rede has been cut transversely from the plate, thus giving a 
 narrow section of about half the brass. At the left-hand side, 
 forming the legs and feet of Peter Rede, is a shield charged with 
 four piles issuing from tlie sinister} Then in the centre of the figure 
 is the greater portion of tfie head of a civilian wearing a cap and 
 resting on a cushion richly diapered with flowers and foliage, 
 with other diaper work of a slightly different pattern in the 
 corners beyond the cushion. This figure was under a canopy, 
 traces of which appear on the left and right-hand sides of the 
 head. This canopy was also continued on the right-hand side, 
 where, forming the head of Peter Rede, is another richly diapered 
 cushion, showing that originally there was another figure, 
 probably that of the man's wife. 
 
 The inscription is cut out of the same brass and shows a strip 
 of the border ornamented with geometrical work, a portion of the 
 body of the civilian shovving the right shoulder and hands, and 
 in the corner a tassel of the cushion and a small piece of the 
 diaper work beyond the cushion. The writer is indebted to Mr. 
 L. G. Bolingbroke, of Norwich, for the loan of the rubbing from 
 which the accompanying illustration has been made. 
 
 ' In foreign heraldry called hiiauche. The family of Holman, originally from 
 the Duchy of C\t\t:s, hezr. Parti emaitche d' argent <t de gueules. See T- Wood- 
 ward's Heraldry, British and Foreign, veil. i. p. 148.
 
 134 
 
 Norwich, St. Stephen. 
 
 Effigy of a lady, c. 1410, 23I inches in height, in veil head- 
 dress, close-fitting kirtle with long tight sleeves reaching to the 
 knuckles, and over-gown with high collar and large, full sleeves. 
 To the base of this figure has been attached a plate, 8 X 2f 
 inches, bearing two small seated figures of bedesmen, or beggars, 
 with crutches and rosaries, and a new inscription added appro- 
 priating the figure to Eel (or Ele) Buttry, the last prioress of 
 Campsey Ash, Suffolk, who died in 1546, and by her will directed 
 her body " To be buryed in the north side of the chappell of ower 
 blyssed Ladye" in this church. 
 
 The inscription-plate, 14^ x 35 inches, is the work of a local 
 engraver, and reads thus : 
 
 [4arar] for x\)z [ooulir] of GEcl 23uttiT 0iit^me 
 prrorrs of Campc00c on toljo0c 0oule 3]fefu 
 Ijatir wxzi tlje rrim tia^' of ^ctolin* i^° V^x,M°, 
 
 The first and fourth words of this inscription have been 
 defaced, but the clause, " on whose soule, &c.," has escaped 
 erasure. 
 
 The brass, which is on the floor of the North Chapel, is 
 engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norjolk, vol. ii. 
 Appendix, pi. i. fig. A. p. 57 (imperfect and erroneously 
 assigned to St. Laurence's church) ; Rev. H. Haines' Manual of 
 M onuniental Brasses, Introd., p. ccx. (figure only) ; and Norfolk 
 Archaeology, vol. vi. p. 295 (effigy and inscription). 
 
 With reference to the Christian name of the prioress about 
 which authorities differ, the brass itself giving " Eel," Mr. J. 
 Challenor Smith, F.S.A., has kindly sent the following note: 
 "William Botery, citizen and merchant of London, will 1535 
 (P.C.C. Hogen 30), mentions his sister ' dame Ede, prioress of 
 Camisey, Suffolk." 
 
 Norwich, Strangers' Hall. 
 A palimpsest inscription, formerly in the possession of the 
 late Mr. Bayfield, of Norwich, and supposed to have come either 
 from the church of St. Paul, or that of St. James, Norwich, is 
 now (1901) preserved in this Hall. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Anne, wife of Thomas Randolf, 1536. 
 Size of plate, ii4 X 2 J inches. The work of a local engraver. 
 
 Prar for tl)r soulr of ^nnr (atf 
 t(jr toifr of '(Iljomn^ Etintiolf 1536.
 
 o:) 
 
 
 m"'"' 
 
 Palimpsest Inscription now in the Strangers' Hall, Norwich. 
 
 Al)out one-third full size. 
 
 Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish plate, bearing a portion of 
 the face, neck, right shoulder, and two fingers of the right hand 
 of a lady, c. 1500. A portion of a brooch and of the cords for 
 fastening the mantle also appear. 
 
 Great Ormesby. 
 Three-quarter effigy, 22 inches high, of a lady, c. 1440, 
 
 wearing a horned head-dress with veil, 
 a close - fitting kirtle, and a mantle 
 fastened across the breast by a cord 
 and tassels. In her hands she holds 
 a heart circumscribed with the words 
 
 (ErtI) mp bor^}f 3 ^i\3c to tlje 
 oil mj' 0oule JiW Ijauc m'cj>.^ 
 
 Altered, by the insertion of much 
 coarse shading and the addition of an 
 inscription (now lost), to represent 
 Alice, daughter of Sir William Boleyn, 
 and wife of Sir Robert Clere, 1538. 
 Loose in the church chest in i8go. 
 The casement is under the wooden 
 flooring of the Chancel. The figure is 
 very inaccurately engraved in J. S. 
 Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, 
 vol. i. pi. Ixvi. p. 36, where the in- 
 scription and one shield of arms is also 
 shown. 
 
 Great Ormesby, Norfolk. 
 
 About one-seventh full size. 
 
 ^ See Haines, Introd., p. cvii. The original is much worn.
 
 136 
 
 Paston. 
 
 Effigy of Erasmus Paston, who died in 1538, in civil dress, 
 four English verses, inscription, and two shields. The effigy of 
 his wife Mary (Windham), who died in 1596, is lost. The male 
 effigy is 25 inches in height, the plate with the verses measures 
 24 ^ 5i inches, the inscription-plate i2| x 2f inches, and the 
 shields 7 x 6| inches. The brass, which appears to have been 
 executed c. 1580, lies on the Chancel floor and is engraved in 
 J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. pi. Ixviii. p. 37. 
 
 So far as at present known only the shields are palimpsest, 
 but it is highly probable that the remainder of the brass will also 
 be found to be made up of earlier fragments. The plate with the 
 verses is composed of three separate pieces, and the inscription- 
 plate of two separate pieces, a very suspicious circumstance. 
 
 Obverse. Shield No. I. Quarterly of Twelve I. {Arg.), six 
 fleur-de-lys [as.), a chief indented {or). Paston. II. [Ayg.), a fess 
 between two chevrons (gn.), the upper charged with a fleur-de-lys {or). 
 Peche. III. Erm., on a chief indented {gu.) three coronets {or). 
 Leach. IV. {Or), on a chevron between three lions' heads erased {gu.), 
 as many bezants. Somerton. V. {Az.), an escutcheon within an orle 
 of martlets {arg.). Walcot. VT. {Arg.), a chevron between three 
 bears' heads couped {sa.), muzzled {or). Berry. VII. {Arg.), a chief 
 indented {gu.). Hemgrave. VI II. {Arg.), a fess between three 
 crescents {gu.). Wachesam. IX. {Az.), a lion rampant guardant {or). 
 Hethersett. X. {Sa.), a fess between two chevrons {or). Ger- 
 
 Palimpsest Shield, Paston, Norfolk. 
 
 About one-third full size.
 
 ^37 
 
 BRIDGE. XI. (Arg.), on a chevron (g:i.) three fleur-delys {or). 
 Peyver. XII. Quarterly, i and 4. {Az.), a cross paiee (or). 
 Mautby (.?) 2 and 3. iGu.), a fess (arg.) between thirteen billets {or). 
 
 LOUVAINE.^ 
 
 Reverse. Sliield No. I. A fra^'ment of a Dutch or Flemish 
 inscription, late fifteenth century, in raised black letter. 
 
 Obverse. Shield No. II. Quarterly I. and IV. {Az.), a 
 chevron between three lions' heads erased (or). Windham. II. and III. 
 Quarterly 1 and ^. {A z.), a bend {or). Scrope. 2 and 3. {Arg.), 
 a saltire engrailed {gu.). Tiptoft. 
 
 Palimpsest Shield, Pasios, Norfolk. 
 
 About one-third full size. 
 
 Reverse. Shield No. II. A fragment of another Flemish 
 brass, rather later in date, c. 1520 (?), with the head of a figure 
 resting on a mattress, a portion of a scroll bearing (mi0)rrcrc 
 mci tJCUCf, and a shield charged with three wheat sheaves and a 
 villi ht. 
 
 These shields are now fastened down. 
 
 Ranworth. 
 Obverse. Three scrolls, 7x2 inches, the only remaining 
 portions of a brass which originally consisted of a heart, 5^ X 4 
 
 ^ See the Rev. E. Farrer's Chwch Hei-aUry of Norfolk, vol. i. p. 376.
 
 138 - . 
 
 inches, with the scrohs above, and an inscription-plate, i6 x 4 
 inches, with a shield of arms, 8x6 inches, below. The case- 
 ment, 1 1 feet X 3 feet 6 inches, still remains on the floor of the 
 Nave. The brass was the work of a local engraver and may be 
 dated c. 1540. The scrolls bear the following words from the 
 Office for the Dead, the opening word "Credo" having doubtless 
 been engraved on the heart. 
 
 Scrolls : 
 
 (i) qn rcticptor mc' mnit 
 I \\\ noiiief0imo tiie 
 
 (2) uc trrra gurrcctur' m 
 (tt in rarnc mca 
 
 (3) uiticlio ticum 
 gfaluatoie meu 
 
 Reverse. Scrolls (i) and (2) are cut out of portions of a fine 
 marginal inscription in raised black letter, c. 1460, and respec- 
 tively bear the words : 
 
 (i) u anfflie i ffrancie 
 
 and the first stroke of another letter. 
 
 (2) flfuit q? I 0craicio rcg: 
 
 (2) and (i) may possibly read contmuously. 
 
 Scroll (3) is from a portion of an inscription to Drye, 
 
 citizen of Norwich, 1510, and is the work of a local engraver. 
 
 .... it tirpc mm /13ortoici 
 .... n<3 ^ tini W V X 
 
 Loose in the church chest in i8g8, 
 
 S.A.LHOUSE. 
 
 Now lost. Reproduced from a rubbing in the collection of 
 the Society of Antiquaries. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Henry Tyllis, c. 1540. Size of plate, 
 8x2 inches. The work of a local engraver. 
 
 ^ic 3|am l^cric' tj^llP 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription to Richard Gardener, chaplain 
 c. 1500. Also the work of a local engraver.
 
 139 
 
 Crate u ciia Eccartii (Bartirncc 
 Cap'li cni' alt ppicict' tic' ^mc. 
 
 JHHtEj) flm'torDnsfiriiran; 
 
 Palimpsest Inscription formerly at Salhouse, Norfolk. 
 
 One-half full size. 
 
 The rubbing is endorsed, " this was in the church chest at Sal- 
 house, Norfolk, the reverse thickly covered with pitch," but 
 unfortunately no date is given. 
 
 Sall. 
 Obverse. A mutilated and worn inscription to Geoffrey 
 Melman (?), c. 1480. Size of plate in its present condition, 
 9f X 2f inches. The work of a local engraver. 
 
 Cerate p iTiabj (Balfritii ^clmaii (?) t . . . . 
 feiiiptib? tci I mcrcmio (?) qua carpct'o (?) ac . . . . 
 
 Palimpsest Reverse of Inscription, Sall, Norfolk. 
 
 About one-half full size.
 
 I40 
 
 Reverse. A small fragment of a Flemish brass consisting of a 
 portion of the head of a lady with braided hair and parts of the 
 diaper work of the cushion on which her head rested. Date 
 c. 1400. 
 
 Loose in the church chest in i8go. 
 
 Shimpling. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Le Grys, Gent., 1692, aet. 
 60. Size of plate, 'Sk X 35 inches. Nave floor. 
 
 Thomas Le Grys Gen' 
 Obiit 27^'° Septembris 
 Anno ^tatis s\jje 60 
 Annoque Dom : 1692 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription to Anthony Le Grys, Gent., 
 son of Robert and Susan Le Grys, 1598. The work of a local 
 engraver. 
 
 Here lyeth bvryed the corps 
 OF Anthony Le Grys gent yonger 
 son to Robart Le Grys & Svsan 
 his wife : He ended this life the 
 2oT« OF December 1598. 
 
 This plate has been inaccurately relaid, so that the earlier 
 inscription now appears. The explanation is thus given by the 
 present rector, the Rev. J. W. Millard : " The brass became 
 loose in the time of my pre-predecessor, Mr. Harrison (about 
 sixty years ago), when the earlier inscription was revealed, and 
 he, thinking that Anthony had the first and best claim, replaced 
 the brass with the earlier inscription uppermost, but it was a 
 mistake, for, according to the registers, only Thomas was buried 
 in the church." See a communication by the Rev. H. E. Field 
 to the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society,' vol. iii., p. 2ig. 
 The Rev. C. R. Manning, F.S.A., in Norfolk Archtsology, vol. x. 
 p. 202, gives the following account of the plate : " There is no 
 entry in the register of the burial of Anthony Le Grys in 1598. 
 The brass does not fit the indent in the stone, and it is thought 
 probable that it belonged originally to some other church. The 
 Le Grys family lived at Billingford and Dickleburgh. Ihe brass 
 is a palimpsest, and there is an entry in the burial register signed 
 by Henry Harrison, rector, 1830, stating, after recording the 
 above [i.e., the 1598] inscription, that 'on the reverse of the same
 
 HI 
 
 brass is also the underneath inscription, Thomas Le Grys, Gen : 
 obiit 27'"° Septembris Anno aetatis suae 60, annoque Dom : 1692.' 
 This Thomas was buried here, and the entry is in the register, 
 ' Tho : Le Grys, Gent., was buried Sept. 28, 1692.' The older 
 brass, therefore, of Anthony, brought from elsewhere, was used 
 for him." 
 
 SOUTHACRE. 
 
 In 1889, six fragments from the brass to Sir Roger Harsyk, 
 1454, and wife Alice, were in the custody of the then rector. 
 These fragments consisted of (i) the hands holding an inscribed 
 heart, the upper portion missing; (2) and (3) portions of the scroll 
 issuing from the top left-hand corner of the heart and bearing the 
 words, UtliCili Cil ; CiCrUO tUO tine ; (4) a portion of the com- 
 memorative inscription on a scroll, ^{\ XlXiUtl^ t SiliCi ', (5) the 
 end of this scroll with the letter Z of "Alicie," and an orna- 
 mental twist ; (6) the continuation of the scroll with the words, 
 011c qUOr' aiall? DpiCtCt' tintCf am. Two of these fragments are 
 palimpsest. No. (i), the hands and heart, bears on the reverse the 
 mutilated head of a civilian, c. 1400, and (5), the twist of the 
 scroll of the centre part of the commemorative inscription, has on 
 the reverse three letters of a Flemish marginal inscription. 
 
 The casement for the Harsyk brass still remains on the 
 Chancel floor. It measures 5 feet 6 inches x 2 feet 6 inches and 
 shows the indents for the arms, hands, heart, with three scrolls 
 issuing therefrom, and two fine achievements of arms in the 
 centre of the stone, the commemorative inscription, on a twisted 
 scroll, is below, and at the four corners are shields of arms. 
 This slab, together with the existing fragments and the palimp- 
 sest portions, is illustrated in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass 
 Society, vol i. part x. pi. 3. 
 
 Trunch. 
 
 Now lost. Recorded in the Rev. H. Haines' List of Monu- 
 mental Brasses, p. 232, as then (1861) in the possession of Mr. 
 Bayfield, of Norwich. It is also entered in the Rev. E. Farrer's 
 List of Norfolk Brasses, p. 114, as then (1891) in the same gentle- 
 man's hands. Mr. Bayfield is since dead and all trace of the 
 brass is now lost. There is a rubbing in the collection of the 
 Society of Antiquaries.
 
 142 
 
 Obverse. A mutilated and much worn inscription to Walter 
 Bownyng (?) or Bowmont (?) and wife Melicint (?), 1473. Size of 
 plate, i2| X 3I inches. 
 
 (ItLlaltrri Bobin^no: (?) i ^elicit (?) uroricf 
 
 obiit Wmo quarto liic 
 
 . . . 9^° <^€€€' ^^^1131 qwor' iiiiili^ upicict' He' nmc. 
 
 Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish marginal inscription bearing 
 the letters CI + t\W^ + ft + enclosed by two narrow fillets 
 ornamented with quatrefoils, roses and leaves. The inscription 
 is divided by a large quatrefoil enclosing a shield bearing the 
 letter W in base, and a crescent and mullet on flanches in chief. 
 Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Rev. C. Boutell's 
 Monumental Brasses and Slabs, p. 149. 
 
 NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. 
 Nether Heyford. 
 
 French inscription and two shields to John Mauntell and 
 wife Elizabeth (Heyford), c. 1400, formerly on a high tomb but 
 now on the Chancel floor. One shield only is palimpsest. It 
 measures 5I x 4^ inches, and bears on the obverse the arms of 
 Heyford, (Gu.), a maunch (arg.), and on the reverse the arms of 
 MoNTACUTE (Arg.), three fusils conjoined in fess (gu.), quartering 
 LoNGESPEE (Az.), six Uoucels rampant (or). Both sides of the 
 shield are engraved in the ArcJasological Journal, vol. ix. p. 300, 
 and at p. 385 of the same volume the late Mr. W. S. Walford 
 suggests the quarterly coat to be intended for the arms of William 
 de Montacute, second Earl of Salisbury of that name, who died 
 in 1397, or of William his father, the previous Earl, who died in 
 1344, but in this latter case engraved much later. 
 
 Probably the shield was a " waster," rejected for some fault 
 in the heraldry. The shield bearing the arms of Mauntell is a 
 modern restoration, the original having disappeared. The in- 
 scription has also been filled in with composition and the 
 palimpsest shield fastened down. 
 
 NORTHUMBERLAND. 
 
 No palimpsest noted in this county. 
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 No palimpsest noted in this county. 
 
 1
 
 143 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Checkendon. 
 
 I. 
 
 A small piece, 3^ X 2 inches, of the marginal inscription to 
 John Rede, 1404, was loose in 1897. On the obverse it bears the 
 letter li^ of the surname Rede, and on the reverse a small cross 
 and the first stroke of a letter. This piece has since been re- 
 fastened in the casement. The writer is indebted to Mr. J. 
 Challenor Smith, F.S.A., for this note. 
 
 11. 
 
 Obverse. A mutilated inscription to Edmund Rede, Esq., 
 patron of the church, and wife Cristine, 1435. Size of plate in 
 its present condition 18J x 3^ inches. 
 
 ^k mtt (Etimuliu0 Eetie ^rmiff* nc patron' mi' tzzMz 
 
 qi obiit \iii\° tiie ^ 
 
 CEt Cricftina ur' ti' que obiit iTbiii^tiic Sl^arcii ^° tini Sl^° 
 
 <t€<^€''^^^V 
 
 Reverse. A portion of a side shaft of a canopy with half a 
 figure of a female saint, crowned, and holding the shaft of some 
 weapon in her hands. This figure is probably intended for 
 St. Margaret, the shaft being that of the spear or cross with 
 which she is usually represented slaying the monster at her feet. 
 Above the figure is a fine crocketted canopy with a background 
 of masonry. This fragment is of English workmanship, c. 1400-20, 
 and was probably a " waster." The brass is now fixed down in 
 the Chancel with keyed screws. Both sides of the plate are en- 
 graved in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. iii., 
 p. 87.
 
 144 
 
 EWELME. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Henry Lee, fuller and citizen of 
 London, and wife Alice, 1494. Size of plate, 18x4!^ inches. 
 
 ^rate p ^lafa^ i}cnrici ILtt ffuloiti0 zt tM^ Eoutiou ihi 
 ^epulti XXI ttm tie abneclj^ccl) zt aiicie ucociefeiugf l)ic Ja 
 cet qui {sic) obiit ^' tini 9^° CCCC° Iriaa-iiij till tiic 
 Sl^arcii 
 
 Reverse. A small portion of the upper part of the canopy of 
 a fine Flemish brass, c. 1360. In the upper tabernacle work is 
 the small figure of an angel playing on a musical instrument. 
 The main arch of the canopy is crocketted with oak leaves and 
 acorns and carries a pattern of running foliage, whilst the back- 
 ground and part of a cushion are richly diapered with foliage 
 work and seated dogs, or perhaps monsters. The inscription ran 
 round the edge on a narrow fillet, but only the initial cross 
 appears. 
 
 The brass, which is on the floor of the South Aisle, is now 
 fastened down by keyed screws. Both sides of the plate are 
 illustrated in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing 
 Society, vol. i. frontis. 
 
 Goring. 
 
 A civilian and wife, c. 1600, with three sons and five daughters. 
 Now fastened to the Chancel wall with a modern inscription 
 ascribing the brass to members of the family of Whistler, 
 of Goring. It is engraved in H. W, Taunt's Goring, Streatley, 
 and Neighbourhood, p. ig, and P. G. Stone's Goring Church and 
 Priory, p. 8. 
 
 The children only are palimpsest. The plate bearing the sons 
 measures 7x6 inches, and that of daughters 7x8 inches. 
 When placed together the following inscription is on the reverse : 
 
 Here liet 
 of Langf 
 who dece 
 
 H Walter PIrunes 
 
 ORDE Gent 
 ASED The 2 
 Ano Dni 
 
 LEMAN 
 
 5 DAY OF 
 
 1594 
 
 {Daughters) {Sons) 
 
 Now fastened down. The palimpsest is engraved in Stone, p. 7.
 
 145 
 
 Mr. Percy Manning writing on the brasses at Goring^ notes 
 that " the brass to Walter Prunes, gent,, 1594, and his wife 
 Mary, daughter of Thoby Playdell, of Great Faringdon, 1609, 
 still remains in Langford Church, Berks," and conjectures that 
 " it is possible that the original inscription, which only recorded 
 the husband, was discarded for one which included both husband 
 and wife, and found its way to the brass-sculptor's workshop in 
 consequence." 
 
 Ipsden. 
 
 Obverse. Thomas English, in armour, and wife Isabel, both 
 died in 1525, and both slightly mutilated, inscription and shield 
 of arms. 
 
 Only the figures, measuring 18 inches in length, are palimpsest. 
 
 Reverse. The male figure is cut out of the upper portion of a 
 much larger figure of a lady, c. 1420. She wears a small crespine 
 head-dress with veil, a kirtle with tight-fitting, closely-buttoned 
 sleeves, and a high-waisted gown fastened by a plain girdle, and 
 having a falling collar and large surplice sleeves. Her head forms 
 the feet of the armed figure. 
 
 The figure of Isabel English is cut out of an inscription 
 in Latin verse of about the same date as the figure of the early 
 lady, to which it may or may not have belonged. There are 
 fragments of five lines, but three are much cut about. 
 
 uit^[ta]pilton (?) ^pouefa Joljlg? 
 
 (tn 3Ioljri morte niit Ijcregf tentmq} gfub anni& 
 [C]t plurc0 miti pat' Ijnc micfcfale lejyauit 
 [^] int (?) rpo ffrati ncim oieef cfanctificauit 
 t 
 
 The name "Stapilton" is a little doubtful but may be correct. 
 It was first suggested by the late Mr. H. Haines. 
 
 The brass has at some time been relaid in a modern freestone 
 slab within the altar rails, and quite recently the loose pieces have 
 been fixed down with keyed screws by the Oxford Society. Both 
 sides of the plates are engraved in the Journal of the Oxford 
 University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i., pis. xxv., xxvi., pp. 253, 254. 
 
 ' " Monumental Brasses in the Deanery of Henley-on-Thames," in the Journal 
 of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i., p. 246.
 
 146 
 Oxford, Magdalen College Chapel. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to John Caly, M.A., fellow of the college, 
 1515. Nearly effaced. Size of plate, 8^ x 2| inches. 
 
 -SDrate p ala 31cp£f Cal^ m'c I artibj 
 
 $ q°ntiam fioti' Ijui' coIUq' q' obiit 
 
 . . . I'unii ^° ^^ V rt cut' ale ppic' He' 
 
 Reverse. A portion of another inscription to Isabel, wife of 
 Fyscher, citizen and clothier, 1464. 
 
 ^rate p aia Jgfalielle ffp^cljer .... 
 
 ff^0cl)ec tiniQ $ panarii tiu bir . , . 
 
 Hie 31umi ^° tini a^' CCCC Iriiii . . . 
 
 Loose in the bursary in 190 1. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Effigy, 37I inches in height, and inscription 31I x 
 4I inches, to Arthur Cole, S.T.B., president, and canon of 
 Windsor, 1558. Engraved in J. G. and L. A. B. Waller's Series 
 of Monumental Brasses, pt. xiii. (effigy only). 
 
 Reverse. According to the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monu- 
 mental Brasses, pt. ii. p. 170, there is on the reverse "a priest 
 in chasuble, &c., an inscription to Robert Cobbe, citizen and 
 tailor of London, 1506, and wife Margaret, and part of another 
 inscription." 
 
 The writer has been unable to find any rubbing, or to gain 
 any additional information. The brass was "restored" about 
 the year i860, when a new head was added, but the firm 
 who carried out the work kept no record of the reverse. 
 
 Oxford, St. Mary Magdalene. 
 
 I. 
 
 Richard Ham den and wife Alice, 1524 ; on reverse of inscrip- 
 tion another inscription in French to Margaret Holgote, fourteenth 
 century. Now lost. See the Journal of the Oxford University 
 Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. 178, for a paper on the " Brasses 
 in the Church of St. Mary Magdalen," by Mr. Percy Manning, 
 M.A., F.S.A., who quotes from Wood's MS. (Bodleian), F. 2ga 
 fol. 333b, as follows :
 
 147 
 
 " On another [marble stone] under the pictures of a man and 
 a woman is this engraven, on brass plates : 
 
 " Pray for the sowles of Rychard Hamden, Esquire, & Alys 
 his wyffe, of whose sowles Jesu have mercy : which departed 
 An. Dom. 1524. 
 
 " The said Alice was sometime the wife of Georg Havell of 
 this parish Brewer, and I think shee lived after 1524." 
 
 " Note y' when the brass (on which the said inscription was 
 engraven) was some yeares ago taken up, I read this french 
 inscription engraven on the other side : ' qi pur Lalme Margret 
 Holgote cy prye devoutement en ciel done Luy soit graunde joye 
 de dieu Lomnypotent.' 
 
 " So y' by this it shews y' the said brass had been fastnd to 
 another grave, but whether it lay'd here or in another church I 
 know not." 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Jane, daughter of Thomas Bassett, 
 Esq., of Hince, Staffs., and second wife of Robert Fitzherbert, 
 Esq., of Tissington, Derbyshire, 1574. Size of plate, 14 x 6 
 inches. 
 
 ^zxz lietlj burieti tlje botipe ot Jane ffitjljerbert 
 gfeconn toiffe of Eobart ffit^Ijcrbert of %mi\\Qto\\ 
 i\\ tlje cauiitpe of 2Derbie C^qiiiec nun one of tlje 
 2Daug:l)tcr0 of '(]]:ijoma0 Ba^^ett of i^ince i\\ tlje 
 countie of ^tafforli Cefquier. W^) 3Iane Dj^eti tlje 27 
 of October in tlje peee of our loetie dSoti 1574 
 
 Reverse. Portions of a sixteenth century Flemish or Dutch 
 inscription, the five upper lines in raised letters, and the five 
 lower in incised letters. 
 
 Ill 
 
 orjyljeleii 0p . . . 
 metteii lutie (n) . . 
 te Deelc xiii . . . 
 te toetteii ij . . . 
 3In tie0e l^au . . . 
 cElke ffoetie .... 
 tail jno:lje0e ... 
 pautoelfif till . . . 
 liaclj : %t\\ bi . . .
 
 148 
 
 A border running round three sides of the lower half of the 
 inscription shows that this is complete as regards the number of 
 lines. 
 
 The brass is now in a wooden frame in the Vestry. Both 
 sides of the plate are illustrated in the Journal of the Oxford 
 University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. 179. 
 
 Oxford, St. Peter-in-the-East. 
 
 In the Gentleman's Magazine for 1841, pt. i. p. 270, a corre- 
 spondent "J. I." under date March, 1841, reports the discovery 
 " under old pews not long since removed " of a loose brass plate 
 having on its obverse side the following inscription : 
 
 ft oTatj " ^rate pea animabugf gio^flvii^ C^^ttofe cibigf t^ 
 01 ^1 pamtjlrii ^ontioit {iensis) J'^'^s ^-^ 
 
 -i/ ^ Kicartii ^^aton^aru armijyein uefuncti nup^^tie fwrn* 
 
 and on the reverse the following verses : 
 
 , •' ^txxitK terra tfg:at '^zx^H prccat (« remittat) 
 
 iHtvwAy ^m\i\ji^ u^ ^abeat ^iti^x^ agft^ (petat)," 
 
 s^vuT^ / " The italic letters are supplied from conjecture, the end of the 
 
 a^t" / brass being imperfect." 
 
 The brass is mentioned in the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monu- 
 mental Brasses, pt. ii. p. 173, no doubt from this reference, as 
 the entry is marked with a dagger showing that he had never seen 
 either the brass or a rubbing. From a paper on the brasses in 
 this church published in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass 
 Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. igS, it appears from the authority of 
 Wood's MS. that the Latin verses should be the obverse and the 
 inscription the reverse side, and the conjectured word " remittat " 
 should read " resumat." Wood's account' is as follows : " On a 
 broken marble stone with this inscription on a brass plate, with- 
 out any name : 
 
 " ' Terram terra tegat demon peccata resumat 
 
 ' Mundus res habeat spiritus astra petat. 
 
 ' As you be so was I, pray you for me 
 
 ' For as I am so shall you [be, so] requyryth charyte.' " 
 
 Wood's MS. (Bodleian), F. 29a, fol. 348c. The brass is also described in 
 T. Hearne's Collections, vol. i., p. 135 (Oxford Historical Society, 1884).
 
 149 
 
 The plate with the two English verses still exists but the 
 other plate has disappeared. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Richard Atkinson, alderman and five times mayor 
 of Oxford, also a justice of the peace and quorum, 1574, in civic 
 mantle, and two wives, the second named Annes, the first 
 unnamed, with a group of five sons and six daughters, and a foot 
 inscription. The male effigy is 22^ inches in height, the female 
 19J inches, the children ii x 6 inches, and the inscription-plate 
 28 X 4f inches. 
 
 All palimpsest. 
 Reverse. This, with the exception of one piece, is composed of 
 the upper portion of a large late sixteenth century Flemish brass, 
 very little earlier in date than the obverse side. When the 
 various pieces are arranged together the result is a double canopy 
 with central pillar and flat-topped arches. Under the dexter 
 arch is an achievement of arms, the shield charged with . . a 
 tower . . , the crest being a beast's head, the former is represented 
 as suspended from the helmet by a ribband and the mantling is of 
 the florid and ornate character usual at this period. The sinister 
 arch encloses two cherubs holding a lozenge charged with . . a 
 tower . . . impaling . . a fess . . . 
 
 The odd piece, which forms the larger portion of the children, 
 9x6 inches, is a fragment of a Dutch or Flemish inscription in 
 raised black letter relating to the foundation of a mass and a 
 dole and reads thus : 
 
 . . . (e)n natv tier }tlntv moef^eit gfal liic prejst .... 
 
 . . . t<st cotiitiiam^tren tanticr }cluev l^tvkiO 
 
 . . . nt pric0terir. W, 0'. bi. ti'. 0:'. altiig na .... 
 
 . . . intcQtev0 ten Dcieit Ijoiyljeix tiineii ba 
 
 . . . te toetene em faroot ban. ii. 0:'. eu c (?) 
 
 . . . aecm0tc man0 en. ti. tie acrmjs 
 
 n al0 ti . . . 
 
 Mr. H. K. St. J. Sanderson gives the following translation of 
 this inscription ^ : 
 "... and after the said mass shall the priest .... 
 
 . . . daily servitors of the said church 
 
 . . . and priests 7 shillings 6 deniers of grooten always after .... 
 . . . masters at the three high seasons of ... . 
 
 ... to wit one loaf of two grooten and 
 
 . . . poorest men and the six poorest " 
 
 ' Trans. Mon. Br. Soc, vol. ii., p. 144.
 
 ISO 
 
 The brass should be on a high tomb in the North Chancel 
 aisle, but in 1901 the plates were loose at the clerk's house. 
 Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Transactions of the 
 Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. p. 144, and on an odd sheet 
 issued by the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society in i8g6. 
 
 Shipton-under-Wychwood. 
 
 Obverse. A quadrangular plate, 27^ x 19 inches, with recum- 
 bent figure of Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Thomas Tame 
 and wife of Edmund Home, Esq., 1548, in shroud, lying on the 
 floor of a panelled room with a small flat, arched canopy above, 
 from which hangs a large shield charged with arms of Horne 
 (Arg.), a chevron engrailed (gu.) between three unicorns' heads erased 
 (az.), impaling Tame (Arg.), a dragon (vert) and a lion (az.), 
 crowned (gu.) combatant, quarterly with Clifford, of Frampton, 
 CO. Glouc, Chequy (or) and (az.), on a bend (gu.) three lions passant 
 guardant of the first, ivith a crescent . . for difference. 
 
 Below is an inscription in twelve English verses : 
 
 C5i0 picture presfcntptljc to ^o^^ Eememberanre 
 
 %iz lajste 0emblptutie of alle ^o^ hz'rsiti^ auti fame 
 
 <aU0o Ijit ^pitffnet'j'etlj tlje moctall cl)aunce 
 
 of CUjabetlje uouffljtec $ Iie^'er of Cljomaef 'Eame 
 
 toljiclje 0umtj?me bja0 tlje Uece anti lotpnge tojjffe 
 
 £)f cnmoittie l^orne (E0qu5er tietorpuffe all ^ei* liffe 
 
 to^ojse mortall botip uoto congfumpti to nugfte 
 
 toais labile Ijere in graue agf b^ nature neD' l)it mu^te 
 
 3|it tbe itxt off Cljrpgftpef Jncarnacpon 
 
 ^ t^oto^antie fpbe buntirpti fort^ aim epffbt 
 
 C^e x*b of ^U0:u)3t Ijer bertbuef enclpuac^oit 
 
 brouffljt Ijer to tlje place of tlie eternall Ipg^t. 
 
 Reverse. The plate is composed of two pieces, the top 
 5 inches in width, being blank. The remainder, 22^ x 19 inches, 
 consists of a black letter inscription, in 22 lines, confirming a 
 grant [in 1494] of a messuage in the parson's [fee] at Aylesbury 
 to the wardens or masters of the guild or brotherhood, otherwise 
 called the Fraternity of the Glorious Virgin St. Mary, Our Lady 
 of Aylesbury, by John Stone and his wife Alice, for dirges to be 
 sung yearly on the 23rd of April and masses on the following day, 
 the vicar to have eight pence, the other priests and clerks two 
 pence, and the masters two pence ; but if any default be made
 
 iSi 
 
 then the wardens or masters of the parish church shall take over 
 the messuage and its appurtenances and cause the said dirges 
 and masses to be performed. 
 
 [To] all trewe faythfuU & cristen pepull whyche shall see here 
 
 beholde o"" rede thys p'sent 
 [wrjytyng John Stone & Alyse hys wyffe send gretyng in o"- 
 
 lorde eu'lastyng be it knowen 
 [b] y C univ'site that we have gevyn g'nted & cofirmed by 
 
 chartc & season ys of delyv'ed to the 
 [w] ardens or masters of y^ guylde or of the brey'hed otherwyis 
 
 called y^ frat'nyte of the glori' 
 [V']gyn seynt marye o"" lady of ayllesbury a mese w' the 
 
 apportenncys lying i the p'sonys 
 [fee ?] i ayllesbury i man' forme & codicione here folowyg y' is to 
 
 sey that if y^ sayd masters 
 themselfe or by y^ att'neys whatsoeu' they bee I the p'bendall 
 
 churche of this blessyd 
 [m] ary o"^ lady of ayllesbury aftyr y^ man' & usage of y^ churche 
 
 of salesbury soleply to be kept 
 [si] nge for y sowles of the said Johii and Alyse hys wyffe 
 
 dyryges yerely the xxiij day of 
 [a] pryll i tyme to come & alwey to endure & on y^ morowe the 
 
 messes in lyke wyse then 
 [They ?J to enioye y*= seyd mese w' this also that [they ?] geue 
 
 unto y« vicarye of y seid churche 
 [ye] rely for y« tyme beyng viiiti & distribute to other p'stys & 
 
 clarkys syngyng the 
 masses ij'i yerely at y^ place & days aforesayd & more ou' if the 
 
 seyd masters or 
 att'neys whiehe (sic) for y« tyme shall be to sup'vide or ou'see 
 
 the p'mysses take for y= 
 [la] burs ij'^ that then the forseyde mese w' thap'tynn'cys holy 
 
 remayn to the seyd 
 [m] asters & y^ successors for eu'more & if defaute be made yn 
 
 the p'mysses or in aney of 
 [the] m at any day o'^ on y^ morowe after aney of theys days 
 
 o"^ of aney of y^ morowys a 
 [for] e seyde yn whiehe as it is p'mysed it owth to be done & kept 
 
 y' then y^ forseyd John & 
 [Al] ys my wyffe aforesayd wyll & graunte y' the wardens o"^ the 
 
 masters of y*= sayd p'yshe churche
 
 152 
 
 [of] ayllesbury whiche for y= tyme shall bee take ynto y^ handes 
 
 all ye forseyd mesa [w' th] er apporte 
 [nc] es & yt they recey ve season yn y same to fynde y* dyryges 
 
 & masses I man' & forme w'l wrytn 
 . . . they & ys successors i the office of y« sayd churche do 
 cotynellie y*= same by tymes eu'more to edure 
 The first two or three letters in each line are obscured by the 
 solder used to fasten the two pieces together. 
 
 The brass is now in a hinged oak frame on the wall of 
 the North Aisle. Both sides of the plate are reproduced in the 
 Portfolio of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, pt. ii. pi. 6. 
 
 Stanton St. John. 
 Obverse. Inscription to Anne Frene, 1524, on a plate with 
 curved sides, 12 inches in length at the top, y^ inches at the 
 bottom, and 4|- inches in width. The lettering very rude, prob- 
 ably the work of a local engraver. 
 
 pre^ for ^^ gfoU of aitne frene 
 W Hrpartrti j^^ err of otore 
 lortie a m cccccrriiij 
 
 Stanton St. John. 
 
 About one-quarter full size. 
 
 Reverse. The shoulders and hands of a large early figure of a 
 lady, c. 1350 (?). Loose at the Vicarage in 1901. The brass was 
 removed from the Church about the beginning of the last century, 
 but returned in 1869.^ 
 
 ' See Proceedings of Society of Antiquaries, 2 S., vol. iv., p. 339.
 
 153 
 
 Waterperry. 
 
 Walter Curzon, Esq., [1527] , in armour, and wife Isabel, 
 daughter of Robert Saunders, Esq., of Harrington, Northants, 
 with eight sons and seven daughters, a commemorative foot 
 inscription, four shields, and a marginal inscription with text 
 from Job. The daughters and foot inscription lost, and the 
 marginal inscription mutilated. An appropriated and altered 
 brass, originally representing a man in armour, and wife, of date 
 c. 1445, and closely resembling the brasses at Cheddar, Somerset, 
 to Sir Thomas Cheddar, 1442^ ; West Grinstead, Sussex, to 
 Sir Hugh Halsham and wife, 1441^; and Etchingham, Sussex, 
 to Sir William Echyngham and wife, and their son Sir Thomas, 
 
 The male effigy, 43 inches in height, has been provided with 
 a new head and shoulders ; the palettes which originally protected 
 the armpits have been partially erased, but can still be easily 
 traced ; additional plates have been added to the breastplate, and 
 the edges of all the various pieces have been invecked and 
 shaded. The taces have been converted into a mail skirt with 
 tonlettis, but on these latter the lines of the taces can still be 
 traced. Plates have been added to the kneepieces, gussets of 
 mail inserted at the insteps, and the pointed sollerets have been 
 rounded. The lion, dagger and sword are untouched except for 
 the addition of some ornamental work to the pommel and chape 
 of the latter. 
 
 The female effigy is 41^ inches in height. The upper portion, 
 igl" inches, is either a new plate or the old one turned over and 
 re-engraved. The lower is the original plate unaltered except for 
 the addition of some slight shading and the insertion of the long 
 chain and pomander box. 
 
 The groups of children, and also the shields, judging from 
 their shape, were probably added at the time of the appropria- 
 tion. Of the foot inscription there is no record. The marginal 
 inscription is curious as giving an unusual rendering of the text 
 from Job xix., 25-27, and also as an early instance of the use of 
 the emblems of mortality, each word being divided by a skull 
 and crossbones alternately, and the whole terminating with the 
 
 'Engraved in the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., 
 p. 190 (detail) ; Proceedings Somerset Archaological Society, 3 S., vol. iv., p. 44. 
 - Engraved in the Rev. C. Boutell's ]\Iotiumetital Brasses. 
 ^ Engraved in the Port/olio of the Monumental Brass Society, No. V., pi. 3.
 
 154 
 
 initials W. C. A fragment of this inscription bearing the words 
 "visuri sumus" was loose in 1845, but has since been lost; on 
 the reverse were the words " [A] ugusti mense Kam,"^ from which 
 it appears probable that the original inscription has simply been 
 reversed. 
 
 The brass has been fully discussed in the Architectural Guide 
 to the Neighbourhood of Oxford, pp. 251-263 ; Proceedings of the 
 Oxford Society for Promoting the Study of Gothic A rchitecture, Easter 
 Term, 1845, pp. 5, 6, 22-29 ) Journal of the Oxford University Brass 
 Rubbing Society, vol. i., pp. 1 16-120; and is engraved in the 
 Architectural Guide, p. 253 ; Proceedings of the Oxford Society, S'C, 
 p. 25 ; The Oxford Manual for the Study of Monumental Brasses, 
 p. 16 ; The Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., 
 p. 44 ; and the Oxford Portfolio of Monumental Brasses, pt. i., pi. 4. 
 
 RUTLAND. 
 No palimpsest noted in this county. 
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 No palimpsest noted in this county. 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 No palimpsest noted in this county. 
 
 Engraved in The Proceedings of the Oxford Society for Promoting the Study 
 of Gothic Architecture, Easter Term, 1845, p. 25. The word " Kam" seems to 
 be an error.
 
 155 
 
 STAFFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Clifton Campville. 
 
 Obverse. Half effigy of a lady (a widow [?] ) in veil head-dress, 
 wimple, kirtle, and mantle, c. 1350-60, on a bracket. The stem, 
 canopy, shields, and marginal inscription lost. The figure with 
 bracket, measuring 25^ inches in height, is engraved in the 
 Rev. C. Boutell's Christian Monuments, p. 139. The slab 
 
 formerly in the 
 centre of the Chan- 
 cel has recently 
 been shifted into 
 the South Chantry 
 chapel now used as 
 a Vestry. 
 
 Reverse. A por- 
 tion of the centre 
 of the figure of a 
 large cross-legged 
 knight, c. 1300, in 
 banded mail, with 
 Clifton Campville, Staffs. surcoat fastened 
 
 About one-twelfth full size. round the waist by 
 
 a cord. Just above this cord is a fragment of the mail mittens 
 showing that they were slipped ofif the hands and hung down as 
 in the case of Sir Robert de Septvans, at Chartham, Kent. A 
 broad belt with a large buckle encircles the hips and supports 
 the sword, one quillon of which appears. The hawberk is slit 
 in front showing the quilted hacqueton below, and the knee- 
 pieces are richly ornamented with a diaper of foliage work. 
 This figure was probably a " waster " and used up again in the 
 workshop. 
 
 The brass is now loose in the vestry, both sides of the plate 
 and also the slab are engraved in the Reliquavy, N.S. (1891), 
 vol. v., p. 181. 
 
 Okeover. 
 This interesting, but much mutilated brass, an excellent 
 example of a palimpsest by appropriation and alteration, may 
 best be considered under two headings, (i) the original memorial 
 as laid down by the Zouch family, and (2) the appropriation and 
 alteration by the Oker family.
 
 156 
 No. I. The Zouch Memorial. 
 
 The brass as originally laid down commemorated William, 
 fifth Lord Zouch of Harringworth, and his two wives, Alice 
 Seymour, who died in 1447, and Elizabeth St. John. As will 
 presently appear the brass was laid down soon after the death of 
 his first wife, Alice Seymour. The composition consisted of the 
 figure of Lord Zouch in complete plate armour, bare headed, 
 with his head resting on his helmet, probably once surmounted 
 by his crest, an ass's head, bridled and haltered, a small nick in 
 the dexter boss of the canopy marking one of the ass's ears. 
 The figure belongs to a well-known type, of which there are 
 good examples at West Grinstead, 1441s and Etchingham, 1444^, 
 both in Sussex. At the feet of Lord Zouch is his famous family 
 badge, an eagle or falcon standing on the branch of a tree 
 raguly. The seal of Lord Zouch appended to a document in 
 the British Museum (Add. Charter, 21,871), dated 1430, bears 
 Quarterly L and IV. Zouch, II. and III. Seymour and Lovel 
 quarterly. The helm is surmounted by the crest, an ass's head, 
 bridled and haltered, and the shield is supported by two eagles 
 or falcons, each standing on a branch raguly.^ The seal of 
 William, fourth Lord Zouch, shows both badge and crest, but 
 that of John la Zouch the crest only. A standard of John la 
 Zouch, temp. Henry VII., has the badge immediately following 
 the cross of St. George in the head of the standard, and the field 
 semy of asses' heads, with the motto VIRTVTE : NON : VI." 
 
 Lord Zouch's first wife, Alice Seymour, is represented on the 
 dexter side, she wears the small horned head-dress and veil, a 
 kirtle with close-fitting sleeves, and a fur-lined mantle fastened 
 across the breast by a cord with hanging tassels. At her feet 
 are two small dogs with collars of bells. The second wife, 
 Elizabeth St. John, is on the sinister side, her costume is iden- 
 tical® with that of Alice Seymour, except that she is represented 
 with long flowing hair encircled by a narrow fillet. Figures with 
 long flowing hair are generally considered to represent maiden 
 
 ' Engraved in Boutell's Monumental Brasses of England. 
 '• Reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, pt. 5, pi. 3. 
 ^ This seal is engraved in Proceedltigs of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S., vol. 
 xvii., p. 52, 
 
 * Engraved Ibid., p. 53. 
 
 * Messrs. Waller say this figure has "a gown with loose hanging sleeves," but 
 this is not the case.
 
 157 
 
 ladies, but occasionally married ladies are so represented, as at 
 Wilmslow, Cheshire, 1460,^ Mugginton, Derbyshire, c. 1475^ 
 and Tattershall, Lincolnshire, 1479.'' The effigy of Anne of 
 Bohemia, queen of Richard II., in Westminster Abbey Church,^ 
 and that of one of the wives of John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester, 
 1470, in Ely Cathedral Church,'* show the same peculiarity. 
 
 The canopy is a fine triple one with embattled cornice below 
 the figures. On the main finials are shields of arms, and from 
 the evidence afforded by these it is possible to identify the second 
 wife. Of the three shields below the figures there is no record, 
 as they were entirely renewed by Oker in 1538. 
 
 The marginal inscription can only be partially recovered, the 
 fragments read thus : 
 
 + ^it iaceitt CLclUllmcf 3Dngf %(\ 50uc[l)] 
 
 , . CL<^(^(Z.° Ct 2Dna Alicia [uror zim filia] 
 
 } l)[nTef y^ili] \sm tic ^e^mo>^ [m] .... que obiit rrf 
 
 [Hije [meii]0' JwMi ^° tiiti a^° <^<Z(t<^ [ribii] 
 
 €€■"" ^mf aiab? p'picictur 
 
 titm ^[nten] 
 
 The words in brackets, now lost, are from a rubbing in the 
 collection of the late Sir A. Wollaston Franks, and now in the 
 possession of the Society of Antiquaries of London. This 
 inscription is valuable as giving the date of the death of Alice 
 Seymour. It also shows that three dates were intended to be 
 recorded, but two of these were never filled in. 
 
 To return to the heraldry, the most interesting piece of 
 evidence in relation to the persons commemorated by this brass 
 appears on the two shields on the main finials of the canopy. 
 These shields are a hoiiche, long and somewhat narrow, approach- 
 ing the square shape, with the outlines produced by a series of 
 concave lines. On brasses they are early examples of this form 
 of shield, but instances occur on seals at this date and even 
 earlier. 
 
 The shield on the centre finial is divided into three coats per 
 pale : the centre Zouch, gules, hezanty and a quarter ermine ; the 
 
 ' Engraved in Boutell's jMonuinental Brasses of England. 
 
 ' Engraved in Archa:ologual Journal , vol. xxxi., p. 375; and J. C. Cox, 
 Churches of Derbyshire, vol. iii., p. 218. 
 
 ^ Engraved in Gough's Sepulchral Moniitnents, vol. ii., pi. xcviii., p. 267. 
 * Engraved in Gough's Sepulchral Alonumenls, vol. i., pi. ixii., p. 163. 
 ' Ibid., vol. ii., pi. Ixxxix., p. 226.
 
 iS8 
 
 dexter Seymour, argent, two chevrons gides, quartering Lovel, or, 
 semy of crosses-crosslet, a lion rampant azure ; ^ the sinister St. John 
 of Bletso, as in the next shield to be described. 
 
 The shield on the sinister finial contains a very curious com- 
 pound coat of St. John of Bletso. It is divided perfess, and the 
 upper part again divided per pale, with the arms of Beauchamp 
 of Bletso : gules, on a fess between six martlets or, a mullet sable pierced 
 of the second, on the dexter ; and those of Patshull of Bletso : 
 argent, a fess between three crescents gules on the sinister. The lower 
 half of the shield is completely filled with the coat of St. John 
 of Bletso : argent, a bend gules, on a chief of the last two midlets 
 or pierced of the second.^ The shield on the dexter side appears to 
 have been renewed by Oker in 1538. Its loss is much to be re- 
 gretted, but it may fairly be assumed to have borne Seymour, as 
 in the dexter impalement of the centre shield. 
 
 William, fifth Lord Zouch of Harringworth, succeeded to the 
 barony on the death of his father in 1415, made proof of age in 
 1423,^ and was summoned to Parliament from 1425 to 1462, in 
 which year he died. His first wife was Alice, only daughter and 
 heiress of Richard, Lord St. Maur or Seymour, by Mary, daugh- 
 ter and heiress of Thomas Pever, of Toddington, Bedfordshire, 
 and widow of John Broughton.'* She was a posthumous child, 
 born on the 24th of July, 1409, in the house of Thomas Cressy, 
 citizen and mercer of London, in the parish of St. Lawrence, 
 Cripplegate, and there baptised.' She made proof of age in 1423, 
 being then married to Lord Zouch,'' by whom she had two sons 
 and two daughters, and, as the inscription tells us, died on the 
 2ist of July, 1447. 
 
 Lord Zouch's second wife was Elizabeth, a daughter of Sir 
 Oliver St. John of Bletso, by Margaret, daughter and heiress of 
 John Beauchamp of Bletso.'' She survived him, and afterwards 
 
 ' The arms of Lovel were quartered by Seymour through the marriage of Sir 
 Nicholas de St. Maur with Muriel, daughter and heiress of Richard Lovel, Baron 
 Lovel of Gary. This quartered shield of Seymour is shown on the seal of Lord 
 Zouch. 
 
 - These two shields are engraved in the Proceedings of the Society of Anti- 
 quaries, 2 S., vol. xvii., p. 55. 
 
 ^ Calendarium Inquisitionum post mortem (Ed. 1828), vol. iv. , p. 82. 
 
 ^ G. E. C's Complete Peerage, vol. vii., p. 24, under St. Maur. 
 
 ■' Ibid., and Banks' Z>^;'wa«/ and Extinct Peej-age, vol. ii., p. 518, from a 
 pedigree of St. Maur on the claim of Sir Gecil Bishop to the barony of Zouch of 
 Haryngworth, before the House of Lords {Sessions Papers, vol. viii., p. 259). 
 
 ^ Calendarium Inquisitionum post mortem (Ed. 1828), vol. iv., p. 82. 
 
 ' Harl. MS. 1074, printed in Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica, vol. 
 vi., p. 213 ; G. E. C.'s Complete Peerage, vol. vii., p. 86, under Scrope of Bolton.
 
 159 
 
 married, as his second wife, John le Scrope, fifth baron Scrope of 
 Bolton, K.G. She was living in 1489, when she is mentioned in 
 a petition of John, seventh Lord Zouch, for a partial reversal of 
 his attainder, as " Elizabeth, wife of John Scroupe, Knt., Lord 
 Scroupe of Bolton, grandmother of the said Lord Zouch." ^ 
 
 To understand the St. John shield, it is necessary to carry the 
 pedigree of this family a step back. Roger Beauchamp of Bletso, 
 who died in 1379-80, married Sybil, one of the daughters and a 
 co-heiress of William de Patshull, and through her inherited the 
 Bletso property. His great-grandson, John Beauchamp, married 
 Edith Stourton, and left two children, a son, John, who died 
 young and unmarried, and a daughter, Margaret, who, on the 
 death of her brother, became heiress to the estates, and carried 
 them by marriage to Sir Oliver St. John of Bletso, by whom she 
 had three daughters, Edith, Mary, and Elizabeth, and two sons, 
 John and Oliver. On the death of Sir Oliver St. John, his widow 
 married John Beaufort, first Duke of Somerset, and by him had 
 an only daughter, who subsequently became the mother of King 
 Henry VH. Margaret's third husband was Lionel, Lord Wells. 
 
 That the brass commemorated Lord Zouch and his first wife 
 Alice Seymour, is proved without doubt from the fragments of 
 the inscription, but until the discovery of the arms on the two 
 shields there has been an uncertainty as to the identity of the 
 second female figure. This uncertainty is now removed, as the 
 heraldic evidence proves the figure to represent Elizabeth St. 
 John, second wife and subsequently widow of Lord Zouch. 
 From the costume of the figures and from the general style the 
 drass must have been laid down within a very few years from 
 the death of the first wife, and it may be that the second wife 
 chose to have herself represented with long flowing hair, in order 
 to show that she was the living, or possibly the younger in point 
 of years. 
 
 Where the brass was originally laid down and how it came 
 into the possession of the Oker family the writer has been unable 
 to discover, but possibly it formed part of some monastic spoil 
 purchased by Humphrey Oker and converted to his own use. 
 
 No. 2. The Oker Memorial. 
 The Zouch brass, still in its original slab, having passed into 
 the possession of the Oker family, was now converted into a 
 
 ' Rottili ParlianientorHm, vol. vi., p. 424.
 
 i6o 
 
 memorial for Humphrey Oker, Esq., who died in 1538, his wife 
 Isabel, a daughter of John Aston, Esq., and their thirteen 
 children. The canopy remained untouched except that two of 
 the shields were reversed, the notch a louche skilfully filled up, 
 and the Oker arms in the one case, and those of Oker and Aston 
 impaled in the other, engraved on the plates. The third shield 
 seems to have been renewed or perhaps rubbed down and the 
 Zouch charges completely obliterated, it was also broken at the 
 upper dexter corner, so a new piece was brazed on, and the 
 impaled arms of Oker and his wife engraved on the reverse. 
 The new corner piece was cut out of a larger figure and shows 
 lines of drapery.^ 
 
 With regard to the figure of Lord Zouch, portions of the 
 body armour were cut away and a tabard charged with the Oker 
 arms made in the indent thus created. The upper part of the 
 helmet with its crest was removed, or may have been previously 
 lost, and the Oker crest — an oak tree eradicated — together with 
 the word ^ktV substituted. This crest is cut out of an older shield 
 bearing a cross fleury between two martlets in chief, perhaps the 
 part of a shield with the arms attributed to Edward the Con- 
 fessor.^ The lower part of the helmet belongs to the original 
 figure, and strangely enough the Zouch badge was allowed to 
 remain at the feet of figure. 
 
 The lady on the dexter side remained unaltered and passed as 
 Isabel Oker, but the lady with the long hair on the sinister side 
 was not wanted, so her figure was reversed, and thereon were 
 engraved the Oker children in three rows, each child with its 
 name beneath. 
 
 SDotorat^e 
 
 The head and shoulders of the figure were filled up with the 
 impaled shield of Oker and Aston placed on an oak tree, together 
 with an inscription stating the shield to represent 
 
 %\\t armH0 of iSDker anti Sl^ton 
 
 ' See Portfolio of The Monumental Brass Society, pt. ix., pi. 6. Reverse of 
 shield B. 
 
 ^See Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, pt. ix. pi. 6. Reverse of 
 Oker crest. 
 
 ^Wn 
 
 Eoffirr 
 
 laauf 
 
 il^icola^ 
 
 3ol)n 
 
 Eob't 
 
 ^illm 
 
 C5om0
 
 i6i 
 
 It may also be noticed that the heads of the small dogs at the 
 lady's feet have been filed off. The shields below the figures 
 appear to have been wholly renewed. The centre one bears the 
 arms of Oker, and the other two, Oker impaling Aston. The 
 one and a half now remaining are cut out of some large figure 
 and show lines of drapery on the reverse.^ 
 
 The marginal inscription was simply reversed piece by piece 
 and re-engraved for Oker. It is imperfect, but the following 
 remained about 1855 : 
 
 + i^fre unticr tljp0 jstottc l^etlj b 
 
 €)feer t^qii'^tt mmt^mt Eorti of €)ker aitu 31 Cabell \^^& 
 topfe Uotoff^ter of Joljix ^0to t&qn^tv $ 2Dame (Elefabet^ 
 
 1)^0 tD^fe tlje toljiclje ^umf tieceefs^ti tljc ia*b tia^ of 
 
 SiT^vcU tlje ^crc of our lorti 
 
 gfouleis $ ^U crieftcn efoul' 3^11 Ijaue m'ci ante 
 
 The arms of Oker are Ermine, on a chief gules three bezants ; 
 and those of Aston argent a fess and in chief three lozenges sable. 
 
 About the year 1857 the whole brass was stolen from the 
 church, and the fragments which were recovered were mostly 
 broken into pieces ready for the melting-pot. In all, fifty-five 
 pieces were rescued, but the interesting armed figure from the 
 centre had disappeared, and no trace of it has since been found. 
 The figure of one lady was recovered perfect, but only about 
 two-thirds of the other, and that in twenty-one pieces. The 
 canopy and inscription were also broken up, but the majority of 
 the former, and eleven pieces of the latter, as well as the three 
 shields from the finials, and one shield and half a shield from the 
 lower part were saved. All the fragments were for many years 
 preserved in the neighbouring hall, but in 1897 the present repre- 
 sentative of the Oker family had them securely fixed to an oak 
 board and replaced in the church, the palimpsest parts being no 
 longer visible. The original slab, formerly in the chancel, 
 disappeared some years ago during a " restoration." 
 
 A beautiful plate of the brass as the Oker memorial, but with 
 the inscription very imperfect, is included in Messrs. Wallers' 
 Series of Monumental Brasses. The brass has also been reproduced 
 in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, pt. ix. pi. 4, the 
 Zouch memorial ; pi. 5, the Oker memorial; pi. 6, as in 1897; 
 and in the Portfolio of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, 
 pt. i. pi. 6, the Oker memorial ; pi. 6a, the palimpsest portions. 
 ' Iduf. Reverse of shields C and D.
 
 l62 
 
 SUFFOLK. 
 
 Ampton. 
 
 Obverse. A lady, c. 1490, facing to the dexter and slightly 
 
 mutilated. She wears 
 a butterfly head-dress 
 and a gown edged and 
 trimmed with fur, 
 open at the neck and 
 with close-fitting 
 sleeves. Height of 
 effigy 12 inches. 
 
 Reverse. A portion 
 
 of the lower half of 
 
 the figure of another 
 
 lady, c. 1470, in gown 
 
 edged and trimmed 
 
 with fur and having 
 
 full sleeves. Probably 
 
 a "waster " from the 
 
 workshop. 
 
 Now fastened to 
 Ampton, Suffolk. ^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ 
 
 One-quarter full size. 
 
 Bury St. Edmunds, St. Mary, 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to WiUiam Fairclyffe, 1600. Size of 
 plate, 17x3 inches. Local. 
 
 ^ecuntiec Ipetf) t^e boDp of ^lilliam ffaircl^ffe 
 
 ^B^ 1600 
 of bur^ ^t c^timuutisf ^e liieti t^e xxii of a^arcfj 
 
 The engraver having miscalculated the spacing has interpolated 
 the date between the two lines. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of another inscription to Eleanor Wynn, 
 c. 1400 (?) 
 
 ^k mzt (Elianora ?L21^nn quontiam ur . . . . 
 que obiit rb bir mtmi^ martii a° bni Sl^° 
 
 Loose in the vestry in 1903.
 
 i63 
 
 COOKLEY. 
 
 Obverse. William Broune, 1587, buried in *' Reindam " 
 church, and wife Margery, 1594, with 4 sons, 4 daughters, and 
 foot inscription; their son, Richard, placed the memorial in 1595. 
 Nave floor. 
 
 Reverse. So far as at present known only the plate, 6x5 
 inches, bearing the daughters is palimpsest, having on the reverse 
 a fragment of an English inscription of about the same date as 
 the obverse : 
 
 HERE LIETH .... 
 GENTILMAN . . . 
 FRANCIS SCRO . . . 
 
 Probably a " waster." 
 
 Denham. 
 
 Obverse. Anthony, third son of Sir Edmund Bedingfield, 
 1574, with foot inscription. Size of figure, 24^ inches ; of inscrip- 
 tion-plate, 2 if X 3 inches. 
 
 Reverse. The late Rev. C. R. Manning made the following 
 communication to Notes and Queries, 5 S., vol. xii. (Nov. 29, 1879), 
 p. 428 : — " In Denham Church, Suffolk, is the brass of Anthony 
 Bedingfield, 1374. The plate is two feet in height and represents 
 him in a gown. This brass was stolen a few years ago, but has 
 now been fortunately recovered and replaced. It is found to be 
 (so to speak) a palimpsest. The reverse is the extreme lower 
 portion of a much larger Flemish brass, representing the feet 
 and flowing robes of apparently three persons, with part of an 
 inscription : 
 
 Hie iacet dopnus Jacobus 
 
 Wegheschede natus de 
 
 bergis monachus professus 
 
 T . . . sacerdos huius monasterii 
 
 qui obiit 
 
 " At each end of the inscription is a small coat of arms, viz. 
 I. and IV. apparently, ermine, three lozenges (the ermine spots 
 nearly as large as the lozenges), II. and III. chequy (of nine
 
 1 64 
 
 squares). From the lettering and drapery it does not appear to 
 be much earlier than 1500." 
 
 The brass is on the Chancel floor, but the palimpsest is now 
 fastened down and the writer has been unable to see any 
 rubbing. 
 
 Hadleigh. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription in twenty English verses to Rowland 
 Taillor, D.C.L., rector of Hadleigh, and martyr, 1555. Brass 
 engraved c. 1560 (?). Size of plate, 22 J X 15^ inches. Mural. 
 North Chapel. 
 
 (Bloria in alti^gfimigf \ito 
 ^t Kotolann 'ZITaiUor^ fame g 0\}t'oit 
 
 an txczUtnt SDeti^nir 
 Sin\i 2Doctor of tiic Cibill latoe 
 
 a preacher rare anti t^m 
 l^in^t ^enrpe anti I^inge CUtoarli' Ua^egf 
 
 preacfier anli pardon Ijcre 
 ^\iat gate to (I3oti cont^nuall praise 
 
 anti kept lji0 flocke in feare 
 ianti for tl)e trutlje ronuempneti to Upe 
 
 ^e toajEf in fierce flame 
 ?lflli^ere Ije receiteti pac^entlie 
 
 die torment of t^e efame 
 anti 0trong:lie gfuffreli to t^entie 
 
 CLQll)ic!je matie tfie 0tanner0 b^ 
 %tio^cc in (Eoti to gfee t^eire frentie 
 
 anti paeftor 00 to ti^e 
 <SD Caillor toere t^ie m^g^tie fame 
 
 ^prig^tlH l)fee inroltie 
 ^l)ie SDeeUe^ te^erbe tijat tlii0 gooti name 
 
 toere jsip^ereli iitvt in goltie. 
 
 ^biit anno tini. 1555. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of a large Flemish brass, c. 1500, showing 
 the head, shoulders, and hands of a civilian, with a richly 
 diapered background of foliage work. On the upper left-hand 
 side is the lower portion of a figure in a long flowing robe,
 
 i65 
 
 probably part of an angel who may have been supporting a 
 shield above the man's head. Immediately below this figure 
 is the head and a portion of the stem of a cross. The outer 
 
 Hadleigh, Suffolk. 
 Reverse of Inscription to Rowland Taillor. 
 
 About one-fifth full size. 
 
 border, of which a small fragment remains, appears to have 
 carried the inscription on a long-curved scroll, the bottoms of 
 two letters may be seen at the top left-hand corner, the space 
 between the curves being filled with foliage. The civilian is 
 represented with long curly hair and wears an embroidered 
 doublet with a chain round his neck and a gown faced with fur. 
 Both sides of the plate are engraved in Proceedings Suffolk Institute 
 of Archeology, vol. iii. p. 6i. 
 
 Halesworth. 
 
 Obverse. An inscription, mutilated, to John Browne, of Hales- 
 worth, who died August 23rd [1581J, aged 80 years and 25 
 weeks ; by his only wife he had 6 sons and [10] daughters, he 
 had also 65 grandchildren, 54 being alive at the time of his death. 
 Size of plate in its present condition, ii| x 6^ inches.
 
 i66 
 
 ^tve l^n^ 31ol)n Brotone ot ^allt^ 
 
 qupet Ipte anH tiieti tlje rriij of ^uju 
 
 of t!)affe of %dBdB^ ^ear^jS anti 3^5BF toea , . . . 
 
 U^ om\^ toiffe toitl) tofiom |)c l^beD 
 
 pearegf anti ffite monetljcef 0ir 
 
 tiaug:f)trr0, i)e liauti al0o Ut ffran 
 
 liiii toere libing:e at tl)e tia^e of I) 
 
 Reverse. A portion of a large Flemish brass of early sixteenth 
 century date, with part of a figure of a civilian, a diapered back- 
 ground and a fragment of the marginal inscription, it 0tCVt . , . , 
 with an outer border of foliage. 
 
 Now fixed on a hinge on the wall of the South Aisle. This 
 inscription together with the upper part of a lady, a group of 
 
 Halesworth, Suffolk. 
 Reverse of Inscription. 
 
 About one-fourth full size. 
 
 six sons and a mutilated group of ten daughters, no doubt the 
 wife and children of John Browne, were recovered from the river 
 Waveney in 1825 as recorded in the following modern inscription : 
 
 " These brasses were dragged out of the river Waveney 
 in the year 1825, at a spot called the ' roaring arch ' at the 
 second bridge on Earsham dam ; and fell into the hands 
 of Rev^- S. Blois Turner, by whom they have been restored." 
 
 SURREY. 
 Betchworth. 
 
 A shield, 52 x 4f inches, found amongst rubbish in the 
 churchyard, but now in the British Museum. For many years it
 
 1 6; 
 
 was in the possession of the late Mr. Albert Way who communi- 
 cated the following note to the Archcsological Journal, vol. xii. 
 p. 293 : 
 
 " Impressions from a palimpsest brass escutcheon, found in a 
 very decayed condition, amongst rubbish in the churchyard of 
 Betchworth, Surrey. The two faces of this plate are here 
 
 represented. The more 
 ancient, possibly engraved 
 about the commencement 
 of the fifteenth century, 
 presents a merchant's 
 mark, composed of the 
 letter H, terminating at 
 top in two streamers, 
 
 which cross so as to re- 
 Palimpsest Shield from Betchworth, , , -rxr t^, „ 
 
 ' semble a W. The up- 
 
 oURRKY 
 
 About one-fourth full size. strokc is traversed by a 
 
 bar terminating in a cross at one end, and at the other in a 
 symbol of frequent occurrence in these marks, which bears 
 resemblance to the Arabic numeral 2. 
 
 " The obverse of the escutcheon found at Betchworth presents 
 the bearing of the Fitz-Adrians, who held the manor of Brockham 
 in the parish of Betchworth, under the Warrens. In the 
 Visitation of Surrey by Clarencieulx, temp. Henry VIII. (Harl. 
 MS. 1561, p. 3),' the arms of Adryan, Lord of Brockham, are given 
 thus : Arg., two bars nehiUy sa., a chief cheqiiy ov and az. The chief 
 was doubtless derived from the Warrens, whose feudal tenant, 
 the Fitz-iVdrians, or Adyans, appear to have been. The fashion 
 of the escutcheon here represented, however, is of much later 
 date than the time when the male line of the Adrians failed, 
 according to the statement in Manning and Bray's History of 
 Surrey, vol. ii. pp. 209, 211, namely, between 1356 and 1378, 
 when Thomas Frowick, who married the heiress, succeeded 
 them, 
 
 *' The south side of the chancel at Betchworth has belonged 
 from time immemorial to the manor of Brockham, and the plate 
 may have been one of several coats afBxed to some memorial of 
 the Frowicks, there interred." 
 
 The charge on the obverse side is clearly, Vair. a chief chequy. 
 Both sides of the plate are engraved in the Archcuological Journal, 
 as above ; Gentleman's Magazine, vol. xliii. N.S. 1855, p. 270; and 
 Surrey Archaological Collections, vol. xv. p. 28. 
 
 ' .See P't'si'/ations of Surrey, Harleian Society, vol. xliii. p. 229.
 
 i68 
 
 Camberwell St. Giles. 
 I. 
 Obverse. Inscription to Edward, son of John Scott, Esq., 
 1538. Size of plate, 2oi x 2f inches. 
 
 €)f [^o»^ cl)arite p'^' for f jsoullc] of Ctitoarli ^cott on of 
 
 ^f lEfoneef of ^Joljir 
 ^cott (E^quier toijicljc Ctibjarti nece^gf^li ^^ ,ia*u*t1i tia^ of 
 
 »)eptlbc ano tini 
 
 9^°tmfxxx\}im [on to^ogfe gioulle $ all x^tw jsouir 3||u 
 l)aue merc^e]. 
 
 The words in brackets have been defaced, but so Hghtly as to 
 be easily legible. 
 
 Reverse. Composed of two pieces of brass, one, 4 inches in 
 length, is blank, the other, i6i inches in length, is a portion of an 
 inscription to John Ratford, citizen and glover. The fragment 
 reads thus : 
 
 ^iz iacet 3Jol)' Katforn €ini^ tt Cirot 
 
 obiit xxix° tiie meit0' ^eptembci^ tm\X9i ai . . . . 
 
 Cirot . . . = cirotecarius or chirothecarius, a glover, from 
 chirotheca, a glove or gauntlet. There is no date on the fragment, 
 but the style of lettering places it in the last half of the fifteenth 
 century. Of John Ratford himself the writer has been unable to 
 find any information. 
 
 The brass is now in a hinged oak frame on the back of the 
 choir stalls on the North side. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. An inscription and shield of arms to Margaret,, 
 daughter of Matthew Keleatt, gent., of Surrey, and wife of John 
 Dove, by whom she had five sons and four daughters, and died 
 on April 22, 1582. 
 
 The inscription, i6| x 5 inches, is as follows: 
 
 ^zu l^rtlje bur^eti tl)e Boti^ of Q^argarrt 2Dobe 
 topfe to 3Ioljix 2Dobe tiaug^ter of S^atljeto I^eleatt 
 of ^ucrcp (gentleman, anti l)ati 3|00ue h^ t^e jefaiti 
 31ol)n t) ^ounesf ann iiij 2Dauo:ljter0 $ Ueceagf^en 
 tit xxH na^e of ^prill ^nito tiomini 1582 
 
 The shield, 6J x sk inches, bears the arms of Dove, Per 
 chevron (az.) and (vert) three doves volant {arg.), impaling Keleatt 
 or Kellet {arg.), on a mound [vert) a hoar passant [sa).
 
 169 
 
 Reverse. This inscription and shield of arms are cut out of 
 portions of a large Flemish brass of very late fifteenth or early 
 sixteenth-century work. The inscription consists of a portion of 
 an ornamental border containing two small figures of monks as 
 
 Palimpsest Inscription, Camberwell, Surrey. 
 
 About one-fourth full size. 
 
 " weepers," and a portion of a Latin inscription on a scroll with 
 a twisted end. Only four words remain, as follows : 
 
 ^10 + bino + mtwQt + »)tcuuti' 
 
 The background is filled with a diaper of foliage work. 
 
 The shield shows a mere fragment of a figure. The ground- 
 work is divided into large squares, 
 and resting on this is a naked foot 
 and the endof some drapery, most 
 probably a portion of a figure in a 
 shroud. The base and portion of 
 a shaft of a canopy also appear. 
 An early example of a brass of 
 this type occurs in the Cathedral 
 at Bruges, to Joris de Munter 
 and wife, 1439. It is figured in 
 the Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monu- 
 mental Brasses of the Continent of 
 EtiYOpe, p. 25. In the church of 
 St. Jacques, in the same city, is 
 another to James and Kateline 
 Bave, 1464, and at Lubeck is one 
 as late as c. 1550, to two unknown persons. 
 
 The brass is now in a hinged oak frame on the back of the 
 choir stalls on the North side. The reverses are figured in 
 Surrey Archaological Collections, vol. xv. p. 31. 
 
 Palimpsest Shield, 
 Camberwell. 
 
 About one-third full size.
 
 170 
 Cheam. 
 
 A man in armour with collar, c. 1480, and two shields. Wife 
 and inscription lost. This may be the much-worn brass mentioned 
 by Lysons, with small effigies of John Yerde, who died in 1449, 
 and wife Anne, who died in 1453. If so, it must have been laid 
 down some years after the date of their death, for the costume 
 certainly points to a date between 1475 and 1480. 
 
 One of the shields, 3f x 3J inches, is palimpsest, on the ohvevse 
 m m\ w it bears the arms of CouRTENAV 
 
 Jill ^1 1| WXi^ impaling Yerde. On the reverse 
 
 F^ Bi I I . ' is a merchant's mark of simple 
 
 design which may be intended 
 to form the initials of T.H. 
 This has now been fastened 
 down, the small figure of the 
 man and the two shields having 
 been inlaid in a new stone. 
 Both sides of the shield are illustrated in Surrey Archaological 
 Collections, vol. iii. p. 339. 
 
 Cheam, Surrey. 
 
 About one-third full size. 
 
 II. 
 
 Thomas Fromondes, Esq., 1542, in civil dress, and wife 
 Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of John Yerde, Esq., with six sons 
 and four daughters, all kneeling, a representation of the Holy 
 Trinity, an inscription, and three shields of arms, two of which 
 are lost. 
 
 The whole of this brass is palimpsest, being made up of 
 various fragments. These are respectively lettered A, B, C, &c., 
 on the accompanying illustration. 
 
 A. Obverse. The representation of the Trinity. 
 
 Reverse, Two hands issuing from clouds and holding a heart, 
 inscribed : 31 ^C ^Sft ^lllOC 1110'. This is again encircled by a 
 
 scroll, inscribed: libera me line tie morte 
 
 and in the upper angles are the words, ^I^U Itt'e^. 
 
 B. Obverse. Shield of arms, with Fromondes quartering 
 Ellenbridge and impaling Yerde. 
 
 Reverse. A fine early shield bearing the arms of the See of 
 Lincoln.
 
 Oou0l}tn^Hnirl)fperof |otrti'pt?itr<?liiitp?r\i)ini1if Gliomas' ^frrlTpiJiJie! 
 
 Obverse of Brass to Thomas Fromondes, Cheam, Surrey.
 
 172 
 
 C. Obverse. The figure of Thomas Fromondes. 
 
 Reverse. The right elbow, hands, and lower portion of a lady 
 kneeling at a desk. The girdle with its long pendent end is well 
 shown. 
 
 D. Obverse. The figure of Elizabeth Fromondes. 
 
 Reverse. The lower portion of the kneeling figure of a civilian 
 with long gown and rosary hanging from belt. 
 
 E. Obverse. The four daughters. 
 
 Reverse. A few engraved lines making the outline of a face, 
 probably only scratching on a waste piece of brass. 
 
 F. Obverse. The six sons. 
 
 Reverse. A small piece of canopy work with about three- 
 quarters of the figure of St. John the Evangelist. 
 
 G. Obverse. The inscription. 
 
 Reverse. The greater part of a shrouded figure of a man. 
 
 All the fragments, with the exception of the arms of the See 
 of Lincoln, may be dated between 1500 and 1520. The shield 
 bearing the arms of Lincoln is much earlier, probably about 
 1420. 
 
 The brass is now hung in a wooden frame so that both sides 
 can readily be examined. It is preserved with the other brasses 
 and monuments in the Lumley Chapel, the only part of the old 
 church now remaining. 
 
 In the Stirrey Archceological Collections, vol. iii. pp. 340, 342, are 
 lithographs, full size, of the obverses and reverses of A. and B., 
 and at p. 342 is a woodcut of the figure of St. John, Both sides 
 of the brass are reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass 
 Society, part iv. pi. 5, and in the Surrey Collections, vol. xv. p. 33. 
 
 III. 
 
 An inscription to Bartholomew Fromondes, " nuper de 
 Cheym," 1579, with two shields. 
 
 The two shields, 5^ x 4^ inches, are palimpsest, having on 
 the obverse the arms of Fromondes, and on the reverse another 
 coat charged with two bends. Both are alike. The shields are 
 now fastened down, having, together with the inscription, been 
 inserted in a new stone. 
 
 COBHAM. 
 
 Obverse. A man in armour, c. 1550, bareheaded, and with 
 long beard. Nothing is known of the person commemorated by
 
 173 
 
 this brass, but it has sometimes been attributed, on the authority 
 of Manning and Bray,' to one James Sutton, " bayle " of the 
 lordship, who died in 1530. The figure is 24I inches in height. 
 
 Palimpsest Brass at Cobham, Surrey, c. 1550 and c. 1510. 
 
 About one-eighth full size. 
 
 Reverse. The greater part of a priest, c. 1510, in eucharistic 
 vestments holding a chahce and wafer ; the former, which is of 
 large size, is inscribed on the bowl with the words CECitO lit 311'^^' 
 and the latter bears the word 3Il)i2f. 
 
 The brass is fixed with movable screws to a pillar in the 
 South Aisle. Both sides of the plate are engraved in Brayley 
 and Britton's History of Surrey, vol. ii. 408 ; the Rev. H. Haines' 
 Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. xlvi. ; and the Surrey 
 Archcsological Collections, vol. xv. p. 34. 
 
 ' History of Surrey, vol. ii. p. 738, " In the chest is preserved a brass with the 
 figure of a man bare-headed, long beard : Of your charite pray for the soulles of 
 
 James Sutton tytne bayle of this Lordeshippe and Mawde his ivyfe which 
 
 the xii day of fuly y' yer of o'' Lord God M. V'^xxx. and the sayd M 
 
 the day of the yer of our Lord God M, V^ ," This inscrip- 
 tion is now lost.
 
 174 
 
 HORLEY. 
 
 On the floor of the Chancel, but removed from the North 
 Aisle, is the large and fine brass of an unknown lady, possibly 
 some member of the Salaman family. The figure measures 
 
 4 feet 6| inches in height, and stands under a fine single canopy, 
 the size of the whole composition being 7 feet 7 inches x 2 feet 
 
 5 inches. The lady is represented wearing a large horned head- 
 dress and veil, an undergown with turned-back collar and full 
 sleeves gathered into a broad band at the wrists, a high-waisted 
 overgown also with a turned-back collar and very large surplice 
 sleeves. Round her neck is a small collar of SS. with a trefoil- 
 shaped fastening. The date is c. 1420. At the feet of the figure, 
 on her right-hand side, was originally the small figure of a child, 
 most probably her son, but this is lost ; the only indications left 
 being the rivets which held the figure, the small mound upon 
 which it stood, the indent of one foot upon the lady's gown, 
 and the square cut in the folds of the dress for the bottom of the 
 tunic. A similar instance of a son standing besides his mother 
 occurs on the fine brass to Lord and Lady Camoys, 1419, at 
 Trotton, in the adjoining county of Sussex. 
 
 The original inscription, measuring 23 x 5| inches, together 
 with two shields between the pinnacles of the canopy, is lost. 
 At some period or another, possibly in 1516, another inscription 
 has been added at the feet of the figure, so that it now purports 
 to represent one Joan, the wife of John Fenner, gent., who died 
 in 1516. This later inscription, measuring 18 x 5^ inches, reads 
 thus : 
 
 €)t ^0"^ cljarite pra^ far tljc efoulc of "^oltan ffeniur 
 latt to^f of "^oin ffennec jycnt' tD^ic!)e 3Io5an 
 necegfefeli t^e ii tia^ of 31wlp ni t^^ jere of our ^orU 
 Sl^°t)a*bi on to!)O0e 0oule 3^11 Ijauc mercp aimn. 
 
 Strictly speaking, this brass should not be classed as a 
 palimpsest, because there is an absence of proof as to the date at 
 which the the Fenner inscription was placed below the figure. 
 If placed there in 1516, it is a palimpsest in the sense of appro- 
 priation ; but, on the other hand, the inscription may have been 
 throwing about loose in the church, and have been placed it its 
 present position through ignorance. 
 
 The figure of the lady, together with the canopy, but without 
 the Fenner inscription, is reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monu- 
 mental Brass Society, part iii, pi. 4.
 
 '75 
 ■ Sanderstead. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. A group of ten sons, c. 1520, now placed above the 
 inscription to Nicholas Wood, 1586, but probably belonging to 
 the brass of John and Dyones Awodde, 1525. Size of plate, 
 6f X 5^ inches. 
 
 Reverse. This shows a few lines of drapery only, and it is im- 
 possible to give a more exact definition as the rubbing, the only 
 one known to the writer, in the Collection of the Society of 
 Antiquaries is very poor and unsatisfactory. 
 
 The brass has been relaid in a new stone on the Chancel 
 wall and the palimpsest part fastened down. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Nicholas Wood, third son of John at 
 Wood, of Sanderstead Court ; he served Queen Elizabeth since 
 the second year of her reign and died in 1586, leaving a wife and 
 nine children, viz., Harmon, John, Nicholas, Thomas, James, 
 John, Richard, Alice and Suan probably intended for Susan. 
 Size of plate, 18 x 5^ inches. 
 
 ^tu l^etf) il^pcljolas ^ooti t^t tljirtic cfoitite 
 of J^a^n at ^ooti of ^auiiticr^tcti Cocte tnljo jscrbcti 
 ^wzm CUjabrtlj mw^s tlje 0cconti ['care of ijcr 
 Ea^ite $ t!fmi0£fen tljc ili/td of ^aj^' 1586, anti Icftc 
 bcljinut Ijim a toife aiili cljillircix ix, bi^ 0oitiiie> : i^acmoii 
 31ol)u. iliicljola^, ^Ijomef, 3amc0, 31oijn. Eicljarti, a.llief 
 anti »)uan 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription to Nicholas Pury, Esq,, a mem- 
 ber of the Middle Temple, 1585. 
 
 rb tiie ^arcii ann° mi 1585. 
 ClauDituc l)oc tcmplo i^icolaim ^ur^nijs Ijcrocf 
 anniffcr zt ^empU qui mctiii 0ociu0 ecat 
 Bcati qui in SDomino moriuutur. 
 
 As the dates on the two inscriptions so nearly coincide it may 
 be surmised that the inscription to Nicholas Pury was rejected 
 for some reason or another and became a " waster," soon to be 
 reused. 
 
 This plate has been relaid in a new stone on the Chancel wall 
 and the palimpsest part fastened down. Of the latter there is a 
 rubbing m the Collection of the Society of Antiquaries.
 
 176 
 
 III. 
 
 Obvevse. Inscription, now lost, to Henry Pollestede, gent., of 
 Pirllew, citizen and merchant-tailor of London, 1556. 
 
 An impression preserved in the collection of the Society of 
 Antiquaries shows the plate as broken at one end. In its muti- 
 lated state it measured 16 x 5 inches. The missing words are 
 given by Aubrey, in his History of Suvrey, vol. ii. p. 74, and are 
 here shown in brackets : 
 
 ^tu Eeeftitlje f boti^e of ^enr^e ^ollegfte [tie late] 
 oC pirlletD gcntilma ^omtj^me 'tim^tiw i m[acc^ant] 
 taj^lor ot iloiitio tuljiclj !l^enr^e neptptie i^^ i*r[b Uape] 
 of tieceber ^ii° ^,V'%V% o toljojse gfoule Jlju [Ijaue 
 merc^]. 
 
 Reverse. According to Manning and Bray's History of Surrey, 
 vol. ii. p. 576, this consisted of another inscription to William 
 Bycklay, who died in 1467. The inscription is thus given by 
 these authors : 
 
 Bycklay Wiirmics facet hie sub tnarmore victus 
 Et hie regimen p' quo rogo funde p'cani^ 
 Anno post B : : d'ni hie migrat ab urbe 
 MLXV. C. dni quater ij simul adde- 
 
 In vol. iii., Appendix, p. 158, is the following note: "On 
 looking over the effects of the Parish Clerk, who died suddenly, 
 his friends found in his house the plate which had been on 
 Pollestede's gravestone broken in two. It was afterwards given 
 as a matter of curiosity to Mr. Barnes, who presented it to Mr. 
 Glover. The plate has been returned by Mr. Glover to the 
 church, and is now fixed in a frame, so that both sides of it may 
 be inspected, and it is suspended against the wall." As before 
 stated the plate is now lost. 
 
 Walton-on-Thames. 
 
 Hanging on the wall of the Chancel is a board to which is 
 now fastened the brass of John Selwyn, " gent' Keeper of her 
 Ma'is Parke of Oteland' vnder y^ right honorable Charles 
 Howard Lord Admyrallof England," 1587, and wife Susan, with 
 their surviving children, five sons and six daughters. The brass 
 is of an ordinary type ; but one plate between the heads of the 
 principal figures is of more than usual interest, as it displays 
 a feat of agility performed by John Selwyn at a stag-hunt in the
 
 177 
 
 presence of Queen Elizabeth. It is said^ that Selwyn, " in the 
 heat of the chase, suddenly leaped from his horse upon the back 
 
 No, I.— The Reverse, No, 2.— The Obverse. 
 
 Palimpsest Plate, Walton-on-Thames, 
 
 About one-fourth full size. 
 
 of the stag (both running at that time with their utmost speed), 
 and not only kept his seat gracefully, in spite of every effort of the 
 affrighted beast, but, drawing his sword, with it guided him 
 towards the Queen, and coming near her presence, plunged it in 
 his throat, so that the animal fell dead at her feet," 
 
 This small plate measuring 8J x 7^ inches, contains two 
 representations of this feat. No, i, thenverse of the plate, shows 
 Selwyn, with a short beard, without hat, and holding with one 
 hand the stag's horns, whilst with the other he plunges the 
 sword into its neck. This side is lightly engraved and appears to 
 have been submitted for approval and rejected. No, 2, now the 
 obverse of the plate, shows a much more spirited representation of 
 the scene. Selwyn wears a hat and cloak, and keeps his seat 
 without holding the horns of the stag. 
 
 Impressions of both sides of this plate are in the collection of 
 the Society of Antiquaries. The brass is also figured, with both 
 sides of this plate, in the Antiquarian Repertory, ed. 1807, vol. i. 
 p. I, and without the pahmpsest portion, in Brayley and 
 Britton's History of Surrey, vol. ii. p. 328 ; Illustrated London News, 
 vol. X. No, 268 ; The Bazaar, Dec, 8th, 1893 ; and the palimpsest 
 plate alone in the Surrey Archceological Collections, vol. xv. p. 38. 
 
 The original slab, said to have been dug up in the North 
 Aisle, has now disappeared. 
 
 ' Antiquarian Ref<ertory, vol. i. { 
 
 ^. I.
 
 178 
 
 SUSSEX. 
 Etchingham. 
 
 Obverse. Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Thomas and Margaret 
 Echyngham, 1452, and Agnes, daughter of Robert Oxenbrigg, 
 1480, with foot inscription. Size of inscription-plate, 18 X 3I 
 inches. 
 
 Reverse. According to the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of 
 Monumental Brasses, pt. ii., p. 209, the inscription bears on its 
 reverse another inscription to Thomas Austin, son of Thomas 
 Austin, citizen and mercer of London, 1405. 
 
 l^ic iacet Tl^oma^ Sinmn filing 'clliome ^u0t[in] 
 quontiam ciui0 et merceri' Eontion qui obiit rrtii[tiie] 
 ttun0' ^aii ^" Dili 9^° €<Z€(l''V cnV axe piciet* tigf 
 
 [amen] 
 
 The brass is now in the South Aisle securely fastened down 
 and the writer has been unable to see any rubbing of the reverse 
 or to trace the source of Mr. Haines' information. 
 
 RODMELL. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to John dela Chambre, Esq., 1673. Size 
 of plate, i8| X 3i inches. 
 
 HERE LYES THE BODY OF JOHN DE LA CHAMBRE 
 ESQ'' WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE 
 4TH DAY OF DECEMBER 1673. 
 
 Reverse. Another inscription to John Broke and his wife 
 Agatha, a daughter of John Rademelde, and formerly the wife of 
 Richard Weyvyle.^ Agatha died in 1434, and the inscription 
 states that she and her husband John Broke were benefactors to 
 the church. 
 
 ^ic iacmt ^oljejs Brofee $ Sfptlja nx' tiu0 fiUa ^oW 
 
 U Eatiemeltie 
 $ uror imp ]!^m Mc^n^fU, ^ut obiit xi° tiie ^p'ligf 
 
 ^° nnf 91^°CCCC" 
 xxxiiii. qui multa cotuUt Ijuic ttclit quoc' alali^ ppicift' 
 
 ticu0. ^mcn. 
 
 It would appear that the representatives of John de la Chambre 
 annexed a brass already in the church and converted it into his 
 memorial. The plate is now on a hinge on the South wall of the 
 South Chapel. 
 
 ' The will of Richard Weyvyle, of Rademeld, Sussex, is in P.C.C, Manke 40.
 
 179 
 
 TiCEHURST. 
 
 A large figure, 34|- inches in height, of a man in armour, 
 c. 1370, in bascinet, camail, &c., to which has been added two 
 small figures, 18 inches in height, of ladies in kennel-shaped 
 head-dresses, &c., engraved c. 1510, and an inscription, 24 x 3I 
 inches, to John Wybarne, Esq., who died in 1490, and his two 
 wives Edith and Agnes. The inscription, which may possibly be 
 the one belonging to the early figure turned over and re-engraved, 
 reads thus : 
 
 €)rate pro ^mn^ 3|ol)i0 (LOlj^barne ^cmig'i (Eliitlje et 
 
 ^g:neti0 conefoctu 
 0uarum qui quitiem 31 "^P^ cl^iit ^^^^^ tiecimo W ffebcuarii 
 
 ^nno Eiffui {sk) 
 Ecffief ^enrict »)eptimi quiuto quorum ^idbuef propicietur 
 
 ticugf ame 
 
 Agnes Wybarne, by will dated 20 February, 1502, and proved 
 25 November, 1503,' desires her body to be buried in the Chancel 
 of Ticehurst church in her husband's grave there, before the 
 image of our Lady, and directs her executors "To bye a con- 
 venient stone to laye upon my husband John Wybarne's grave 
 and myne." 
 
 The executors seem to have appropriated a stone already in 
 the church, and as this stone contained the figure of an armed 
 man it was easy to add the female figures and the inscription, if, 
 indeed, it is not the old one turned over, and so carry out the 
 instructions of the will. 
 
 The brass lies on the Chancel floor, and is figured in the 
 Sussex Aychceological Collections, vol. viii., p. 17 ; Transactions of the 
 Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii., p. 224; and The Connoisseur, 
 vol. i., p. 165. 
 
 WiLLINGDON. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Mr. Robert Parker, third son of Sir 
 Nicholas Parker, of Wallington (error for WilUngdon), died 
 January 18, 1618-19, aged 18. Size of plate, i6|- x 4! inches. 
 
 Here lyes the body of M"* Robert 
 Parker third sonne to S"" Nicholas 
 P'ker of Wallington K''who died y 22 
 OF Ian : 1618 being 18 yeares of age. 
 
 'P.C.C, 26 Blamyr.
 
 i8o 
 
 Reverse. A portion of another inscription dated April i6, 
 1618, to an unknown person who died in the seventeenth year of 
 his age. 
 
 IN ASSVRED HOPE OF A BETTER : THE iG^" OF APRIL 
 1618. IN THE 17"^" YEAR OF HIS AGE. 
 
 De Seipso 
 Caelica quae vivo dederat spes guadia (Christo 
 Avspice) iam cum spes desinit esse frvor. 
 
 Probably a " waster." The plate is fixed on a hinge on the wall 
 
 of the North Aisle.
 
 l8i 
 
 WARWICKSHIRE. 
 
 ASTLEY, 
 
 Obvevse. A broken and mutilated inscription to John Crugge, 
 son of William Crugge, of Exeter, gent., 1533, and wife Barbara. 
 Size of plate in its present condition 20 x 5^^ inches, originally 
 23I inches in length. 
 
 [€)f ^^o"^ c]ljarite puii]i' for [» f^otoU' of JoljiX Cntjjffr 0oii 
 
 [of IcUillm Cruffffc] 
 [Iiitc o]f (Ei'C0t' ffrntilma i Barbara Ijistoif bjljidjc Joljii 
 
 Cruffffc [nicti ax t^rrc] 
 [fclti I] 11 f Countic of ^iliti f rbii) Da[' of nrmnbcr 
 
 ^11' Uni W >^' ^^m t 
 [f pere o]f ?'f rcijyu of Iv^'ng li^enrp j>' cigljt lattlj t ^"^ 
 
 gfaiO Barbara OicD [^'f] 
 [ n]a)' of an° tini 9^° >Jc o toljooc 
 
 fifouir 311)" Ijaue \\\[i^ a.] 
 
 The words in brackets are supplied from an old rubbing in the 
 collection of the Society of Antiquaries. This rubbing is 
 endorsed thus : " This inscription is on a brass plate on the East 
 side of the Nave of Harefield church and the figure is supposed 
 to be under the new boarded floor." The Astley plate exactly 
 corresponds with this rubbing in every detail and must, sometime 
 during the nineteenth century, have been transferred from Hare- 
 field to Astley, the Newdegate family having held property in 
 both places. Lysons, in his Parishes in the County of Middlesex, 
 p. 117, also mentions the tomb of John Crugge as at Harefield,
 
 l82 
 
 " on the floor of this chapel (Brakenbury) is the tomb of John 
 Crugge, of Exeter, gent., who died in 1533. He married 
 Barbara, daughter of John and Amphelicia Newdegate." Why 
 this plate should have been transferred to Astley remains a 
 mystery, for the church of Harefield is full of Newdegate brasses 
 and tombs. Possibly it became loose and was taken to the house 
 for safe custody, and then removed to the Warwickshire home of 
 the family, when it was placed in Astley church by error, its 
 original home having been forgotten. 
 
 Reverse. This consists of a portion of the representation of a 
 shrouded skeleton of a woman. The plate has been much cut 
 down, but the lower part of the jaw, the ribs, pelvis, and thigh 
 bones are clearly shown ; parts of the elbow and of the left hand 
 also appear, showing that the arms were held straight to the 
 sides as is usual in this class of figures. The date is c. 1500. 
 
 The plate is now fixed in a copper frame so as to show both 
 sides. 
 
 Haseley. 
 
 Effigies of Clement Throkmorton, Esq., 1573, in armour, and 
 wife Katherine, daughter of Sir Edward Nevell, groups of six 
 sons and seven daughters, five shields and marginal inscription. 
 On a high tomb in the Chancel. So far as is at present known 
 only the sons and a portion of the marginal inscription are 
 palimpsest ; these are now fastened upon hinges so that both 
 sides may be examined. In all probability the remainder of the 
 brass is also largely palimpsest. 
 
 The group of seven sons, 8;^ x 7 inches, is engraved on two 
 pieces of metal, the smaller strip, 81 x i^ inches, containing the 
 feet of the figures is blank, but on the reverse of the larger piece, 
 81 X 5f inches, is a mass of pinnacle work from the upper part 
 of a canopy of a large Flemish brass of late fourteenth century 
 
 date. 
 
 The strip of the marginal inscription, 22^ x i^ inches, bearing 
 
 the words SDecember in tljc pcrc of our Eortie (Boti ^i 
 
 <^<^<^<^<^ is cut out of the lower part of the figure of a 
 civilian, c. 1450, of English workmanship. Portions of the pen- 
 dent end of the girdle and of the fur-lined opening at the bottom 
 of the tunic can just be seen.
 
 i83 
 WESTMORLAND. 
 
 MORLAND. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to John Blythe, vicar for thirty-five years 
 and four days, died January i6, 1562. Size of plate, 2o| x 5 * 
 inches. . 
 
 91oljii Blprljc l['brti Ijcrc hvciw of tljic? Cljurdjc bv tljc 
 0Piifc of rrub pcros * lii) tiapcs anti 3Dcparr)i'ti tijicf 
 Ij'ff tljc ubj Del)' of Jaiuuin' in tljr )'rrc of our lortir 
 cBon iJl^^ cccccluij on loI)O0c clonic Jlju Ijauc m'n' amc 
 
 ,1iil)ni3lj)tl)iiiJBfti l)rirBpmuot*tl)i!e»<iIiiin1if tin tiir 
 
 lliiff ti)^,^l3) iiH]i of IrtiuiariLin Wm nf uur toiDr *< 
 <&oiri}| td^sc If q onUiljofrfoule 31311 ijaur^ii aiii? 
 
 Pammi'sest Inscription, Morlano, Westmorland. 
 
 About one-fifth full size. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of a quadrangular plate of English work- 
 manship bearing the figure of a son in armour, bareheaded and 
 a portion of another armed figure, probably the father, as it is 
 much larger in size. Below is a fragment of the inscription : 
 
 €^ratr pro an .... 
 
 rt ^j'billr wx. 
 
 C»biit ill) tiic jfc . . . . 
 
 The style of the armour fixes the date as c. 1520. 
 
 In 1894 the brass was loose in the vestry. Both sides of the 
 plate are reproduced in the Transactions of the Cumberland and West- 
 morland Antiquarian and Arch^ological Society, vol, xiii. p. 149.
 
 1 84 
 
 WILTSHIRE. 
 West Lavington. 
 
 I. 
 
 Inscription, in fourteen English verses, to John Dauntesay, 
 1559, but quere engraved later, at the same time as No. II. Size 
 of plate, 22 X 11^ inches. On the floor of the Dauntesay 
 Chapel. With this inscription is a figure of John Dauntesay, in 
 armour of the period of his death, it is engraved in E. Kite's 
 Monumental Brasses of Wiltshiye, pi. xxi. The inscription only is 
 palimpsest. 
 
 Obverse. 
 
 <3Dnc tljouefantic pcrcsf to^'tlj Ijuntirctiliccf f^'tc anU f^'btec 
 
 npne full paste 
 3|ljon 2Dauntc0ap tiiti djaunffc tijis Ipfe for Ipfc tljat still 
 
 Sljall laste 
 31n tljc nj'nctrcntl) of 9^a}^c Voljrn springe all tljinges 
 
 unto mans use 
 (Eben t\}cn tljis man tljat mortall toas, Ijis tieatlje coulUe 
 
 not refuse 
 l^e Ijati ttoo ^['bes sueeessitel^'e bp Ijol^^ tuetiloekes rigljt 
 ^0 toljom Ije teas as fa^'tljfull as teas eber an?' toigljt 
 ^eben eljilbren Ije Ijab b[' tlje laste. anb b}> tlje f^'rst 
 
 Ijab f^be 
 '(Iljrouglj bjljom tl)ouo:l) l^'fe be toobe atoa^'e Ijis name 
 
 remains aljjbe 
 ^e bjas Csquj^er, b[' offiee eafee a "^imitt just also, 
 a proppe to poore. a frenbe to rielje. to none at all a fo. 
 ^0 toljen Ije Ijab spente fort^'e ['eres anb fobjre in bale 
 
 of bjoe, 
 2Deatl) strooke, anb stra^'te Ije baas eompellb out of tljiS 
 
 bjorlbe to pe. 
 113 is eareas tljen tljat bjas but l\Uu' f" birinlUing bjorm 
 
 is meate 
 l^is sobjle Ijope 10 bjitlj (Bob posseebes in Ijeaben a 
 
 Ijeabenlp seate. 
 
 Reverse. Nine lines of a Dutch or Flemish inscription in 
 black letter recording the penalty for any breach of an agreement 
 in the foundation of a mass at the altar of St. Cornelius in the 
 church of Westmonstre by Adrian Adrianson and the lady
 
 i85 
 
 Paesschine van den Steyne. Thirty-three lines of this, or of a 
 similar inscription, form the reverse of a brass to the Disney 
 family at Norton Disney, Lincolnsliire, c 1580, and give the date 
 as 15 1 8. The West Lavington fragment apparently preserves 
 the last nine lines of the inscription : 
 
 heijleghegheestmeesters van Westmonstre ende jndien 
 gijluden daer af in ghebreke varen zoe zal tzelue goet 
 comen opt gilde van sinte Cornelis ouctaer metter 
 zeluer last alst altsamen breeder blijcken mach bii 
 den fondacien daer af zijnde daer af een licht on der 
 den kerckmeesters een onder de heijlegheestmrs 
 een onder den deken ende baleeders van sinte Corne 
 lis ouctaer een onder de vrinden Adriaen adryzeii 
 een ond' de vriende va joncvrauwe paesschine voorfU 
 The following is a translation : 
 
 " Masters of the Holy Ghost at Westmonstre, 
 
 and should you [or your people] fail herein, the same property 
 shall lapse to the guild of the altar of St. Cornelius, with the 
 same charge, as may be further seen in the foundation thereof, 
 being one light thereof amongst the churchwardens, one amongst 
 the masters of the Holy Ghost, one amongst the deacons and 
 vergers (?) of the altar of St. Cornelius, one amongst the friends 
 of Adrian Adianson, and one amongst the friends of the lady 
 Paesschine aforesaid." ' 
 
 For a full account of the foundation of this mass see under 
 Norton Disney, Lincolnshire. 
 
 II. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription in twenty English verses to Margaret, 
 daughter of John Ernley, and second wife of John Dauntesay, 
 1571. On same slab as No. I. Size of plate, 22 x 16^ inches. 
 
 I^rrrc tiotl) \\\ grnbc uuciTcti b'c a iJl^artynrrt hv niimr. 
 ^f Jljoii 2Daiiiucoa)' tljc laot tort'c a ffcmc of pccrclccf 
 
 fame. 
 ^i cljiltircit Ofbrii oljc motljcr tuao 00 (15oti tiiti blro^c 
 
 tljat tiTc 
 ^^at pt efljoultic not fruitlcosc rcmainc but Ijabc po0= 
 
 xtxxxtt 
 
 ' See ArchcEological Jouitial, vol. iv. p. 362, and vol. v. p. 160 ; E. Kite's 
 Monuvienlal Brasses of IViltshire, p. 56.
 
 i86 
 
 Btir \Dljcn tjcatlj prrrot Ijcr Ijoluefcliantic ticcrc, djc pa0t 
 
 iLvkc turtle trur. of nclj anti poorc ssljr Ijnti anr> Ijatl) tl)C 
 
 praj'se. 
 '^tocltc j^ereef a loititiotoc 0l)c nin Ij^bc after l)cr l)oto0C= 
 
 bann npcti, 
 ^£f c|)a0te as eber aim tiili tonljin tljief toorlti mo0t toine. 
 ^ matronc mWtic sljc bja0 most toiere. ju0tc, pnlp. grille. 
 
 auti 0iig:e, 
 i^cr ivkc, n0 triall truclpe 0ljctDtlj, i& rare in tl)i5 our ag:c. 
 ^Ijc ncljcr turiin atoaj,' l)er care from tl)em tljat a^'tie tiin 
 
 crabe, 
 l^er ne^'Q:l3bour0 poorc tijat Irbti in tnant rel^e00c of Ijer 
 
 0l)objltic Ijabr. 
 Ulje poorr anti romfortclref0c from toronp 0!)c efatti anti 
 
 tiefentic 
 l^er pram tljertfore tiotl) Ubr anti lastc tfjoug^c life be 
 
 broiig:l)t to entie. 
 Il^er toealtl) or bertcou0 Ij'fe coulD not Keepe ^er from 
 
 tiarte of tieatlj. 
 €)f Januarp tlje npneteentlj slje ^eltieti I)er laeft breatlj 
 3Jn j'ere of oar lor^e a tljotosanUe fpbe Ijuntireli 0ebent[' 
 
 one, 
 ^!je felte tlje panjueef of 2Deatlj tljat ma^ escljetocti be 
 
 of none. 
 l9er 0otole toptl) (Boti acfsuretil^' entilejscr jores liotlj fenotoe. 
 i^er botipe 0leepeo ann 00 0l)all rest untill tl)e trumpe 
 
 tjoe blobje. 
 
 Reverse. Twelve lines of an inscription in large Roman 
 capitals with the date, 1552, in Arabic numerals. Mary and 
 Douce, daughters of the deceased, caused the monument to 
 be made. 
 
 IVXII 1552 DIVTVRNA ET PENE TRIENNA [li] 
 EGRITVDINE FRACT' INVICTO TAME ANI [mo] 
 E VIVIS DECESSIT. MARIA AC DVLCIA FIL[i^] 
 AMANTISSIME PIETATIS ERGO MONVMEN [tVM] 
 HOC POSVERE VT ET TV VIATOR HOC 
 TRISTI EXUMPLO COMOTVS FATA ETiA I [n] 
 ANIMO PERPENDENS QVAM NIHIL HIC S [it] 
 FIRMVM AC STABILE DISCAS RERV OMN [IVM]
 
 FORE ALIQVANDO VICISSITVDINEM A [c] 
 SPRETIS REBVS MORTALIV DEV IMORTA [LEM] 
 TIMERE. VALE ET PUS TVIS PRECIBVS 
 DEFVNCTVM DEO COMMENDA. 
 
 This inscription is enclosed on two sides by a plain border ; 
 when perfect it measured about 24 inches in width. The letters 
 in brackets are supplied from Kite's transcript.* 
 
 Melksham. 
 
 Inscription and two shields to Ambrose Dauntesey, Esq., 
 1612, who married Gertrude, daughter of Henry Sadler, Esq., 
 of Everley, and widow of Henry Brouncker, Esq. For many 
 years these plates were in private hands but have now been 
 replaced in the church and let into the north wall of the chancel. 
 So far as is known only the shields are palimpsest, and these, 
 which measure 6| by 5^ inches are now fastened down so that 
 the palimpsest portions cannot be seen. 
 
 Obverse. Shield No. I. bears the arms of Dauntesey (Gu.), 
 a lion rampant (arg.) grappling with a tvyvern erect (vert), and shield 
 No. n. the arms of Sadler, (Or), a lion rampant per fess (az.) 
 and (gu.). 
 
 Reverse. Shield No. I. shows the end of a lady's dress and 
 the lower portion of the kneeling figure of a man in armour 
 probably a son, c. 1600. Shield No. H. bears the following 
 fragment of an inscription of about the same date : 
 
 Apostrophe ad . . . 
 
 obiit 23" die m . 
 
 Esse viam latam . . . 
 
 Ad caelvm ano . . . 
 
 Hang datvr ir . . . 
 
 Alma dignat . . 
 
 . . . TVA mors m . . . 
 Both sides of shield No. I., and the obverse of No. H., are 
 engraved in E. Kite's Monumental Brasses of Wiltshire, p. 82. 
 There are rubbings of obverse and reverse of both shields in 
 the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. 
 
 Salisbury, St. Thomas. 
 John Webbe, mayor in [1561] , died in 1570, and wife Anne, 
 daughter of Nicholas Wylford, citizen and merchant tailor, 
 with three sons and three daughters, three out of four shields, 
 
 ' J/i»i. Biasses of Wills., p. 57.
 
 i88 
 
 and a mutilated marginal inscription. Chancel floor. The 
 figures are engraved in E. Kite's Monumental Brasses of Wiltshire, 
 pi. xxii. Mr. Kite, at p. 58, has the following note: "On the 
 reverse [of the border fillet] is a portion of an inscription of 
 much bolder character. The letter here engraved [an F or 
 T] as a specimen was copied by Mr. G. A. Howitt, some 
 years since, when the plate was loose." The letter in question 
 has every appearance of having come from a Flemish marginal 
 inscription. Probably the whole brass is palimpsest. 
 
 Steeple Ashton. 
 From the Journal of the British Archaological Association, vol. 
 xxi. (1865) p. 192:— "Mr. Irvine called attention to a modern 
 instance of a ' palimpsest ' as it has been usual to term it. It 
 is copper, and is in Steeple Ashton Church and curious for its 
 late date. Mr. Irvine states that on visiting the church he 
 found the tablet loose, and was permitted by the rector to 
 have it cleaned. Copies were taken of both sides before being 
 refixed. On the upper part of the monumental face are engraved 
 a skull and cross-bones, placed on a scroll dividing the words 
 Memento Mori, and beneath is the following in five lines : 
 
 'TO THE MEMORY OF 
 
 DEBORAH MARKS 
 
 WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE 
 
 THE 8th DAY OF MARCH, 1 72O 
 
 AGED 99 ' 
 
 "The reverse of the tablet shows that it has constituted 
 and been employed as a copper plate for printing, as on the 
 top is part of an inscription reading ' and the Divil overbalanced 
 by the Bible.' In the middle of the plate is the half of a balance, 
 the scale borne down by the Holy Bible. Beneath the beam 
 are three labels, the first two no doubt, like the last, proceeding 
 
 from the mouths of figures. They severally read. ' ge 
 
 hell and fetch more weight .... shall be ruined quite ' — ' If 
 we do not hall our church will fall ' — ' Burn y^ heretick book.' 
 On the left side of the scale are a group of four figures, a 
 crowned and robed queen holding a sword, a sovereign or noble 
 wearing a spiked or eastern crown or coronet, and two mitred 
 bishops. In the background is a building inscribed ' The Church 
 of Eng , , . . ' Beneath are the following : 
 
 ' Who are all resolved to maintain our rights 
 Against the French Pope, Divill, and all their mights,
 
 1 89 
 
 Therefore, good subjects, all with one accord 
 Honour and praise and magnifye the Lord, 
 Who hath preserv'd our gratious Queen to be 
 From Popery a means to set us free. 
 
 (Sold by S. Farley in Wine Street, Bristoll.) ' 
 " The style of the coarse engraving, taken in connexion with 
 the date of Deborah Marks' death in 1730, would lead one to 
 infer the figures represented to be those of William and Mary 
 (1689-94), as in the latter year Queen Mary died in the month of 
 December of the small-pox." 
 
 WORCESTERSHIRE. 
 No palimpsest noted in this county. 
 
 YORKSHIRE. 
 
 HOWDEN. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Peter Dolman, Esq., of Kilpin, 
 counsellor at law, 1621. He married Elizabeth, daughter of 
 Richard Remington, archdeacon of the East Riding, by whom 
 he had three sons, Richard, Phillip and Timothy. Size of plate, 
 15I X 5 inches. 
 
 HERE LYETH THE BODY OF PETER DOLMAN OF KIL 
 PIN ESQVIEK COVNSELLER AT LAW WHO MARRIED 
 ELIZABETH DAVGHTER TO RICHARD REMINGTON 
 CLERKE ARCHDEACON OF THE EAST RIDING IN THE 
 COVNTY OF YORK DECEASED BY WHOM HE LEFT 
 YSSVE THRE BONNES VIZ. RICHARD, PHILLIP AND 
 TIMOTHY DOLMAN WHO DEPARTED OVT OF 
 THIS TRANSITORY WORLD THE XIII DAY OF DE 
 CEMBER ANNO DNl 162I. 
 
 Reversk ok Inscripi ion, Howden, Yorks. 
 
 Aljoul one-fourth full si^e.
 
 1 90 
 
 Reverse. The central portion of the figure of a civih'an, 
 c. 1520, in gown with deep sleeves lined with fur, and having a 
 gypciere attached to his girdle. 
 
 The brass is now fastened to the West wall of the South 
 Aisle. 
 
 Ilkley Museum. 
 
 Most improperly removed from the parish church and placed 
 in the museum. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to William Robinson, 1562, husband to 
 Jennet Robinson, and father and mother to numerous children 
 whose names are set out in the inscription. Size of plate, 15x6 
 inches. 
 
 -f WYLLM 
 
 ROBENSON . LAYT . HVSBAD . TO lENAT 
 ROBENSON . FATHER . AND . MOTHER . TO . THOMA 
 LEARD . LAVRAS . ARTHVR . WILLM . AND . WYLLM 
 
 AND _ _ 
 
 RECHARD . FRACES . MARGRET . ELTz . ESABE 
 
 AND 
 
 GRACE . lANE . WHOSE . BODE . WAS . BVRIED 
 
 ANO . DOMINO 1562. 
 
 A very curious and rough inscription, probably the work of a 
 local blacksmith. The plate is broken at the top and the first 
 few words have been defaced. 
 
 Reverse. The beginning of another inscription in large bold 
 black letter : 
 
 ^cpultura 31olji0 lacj^ii .... 
 €t p'bmtiarii^f ^tpl^nigto . . . 
 
 This is without doubt a portion of the plate marking the burial 
 place of John Reynald, or Raynald, who was prebendary of 
 Stillington, a stall of the cathedral church of York. John Ray- 
 nald was admitted to the prebend of Beckingham, Southwell 
 Minster, on February 5, 1492-3, which he resigned in November, 
 1494. On the 25th of the same month he was instituted to the 
 prebend of Stillington, York, which he held till the time of his 
 death. On August 24, 1499, he was appointed archdeacon of 
 Cleveland, and died holding this office on December 24, 1506. 
 By his will he left his body to be buried in the cathedral church 
 of York, a stone to be placed over the place of his sepulchre. 
 Both sides of the plate are figured in the Antiquary, vol. xxviii. 
 (1893), p. 61.
 
 191 
 
 ROTHERHAM. 
 
 Obverse. A shield shaped plate, 5^ X 5^ inches, bearing an 
 inscription and coat of arms to Ralph Bullock, Esq., of Unston, 
 
 1637. 
 
 Hie Jacct Rodolphus Bullock 
 
 De Vnston A rmigeru qui obiit 9" 
 Die Martii An Domini 1637° 
 Arms. Erm., on a chief (gu.) a label of Jive points (or) Bullock. 
 Probably the work of a local engraver, who has most ingeni- 
 ously turned an old shield into a memorial for Ralph Bullock, 
 but has rather blundered in the inscription over the word 
 "armiger" which he has rendered as "armigerum." 
 
 CllTc Jacil %(fo^fas BuKocK 
 (t)( ^11/fon MtTniqera Out oEii/tg" 
 
 Palimpsest Shield, Rotmrrham, Yorks. 
 
 About one-third full size. 
 
 Reverse. An old shield much worn and defaced, but the out- 
 lines of the charges, except in the case of the Lascelles coat, can 
 easily be made out. It is of sixteenth century date and bears 
 the arms and quarterings of the Melton family, viz. : Quarterly 
 I, {Az.), a cross patonce {arg.) Melton. II. (Gii.), three liicies 
 hauriant in fess {arg.) Lucy. III. Quarterly i and 4. (illegible, 
 but no doubt originally Arg., three chaplets gu. Lascelles). 2 and 
 3- {Arg.) two bars {az.), a Jleur-de-lys in fess for difference. Hilton 
 IV. Quarterly i and 4. {Arg.), a boar passant {gu.) Verli (?). 
 2 and 3. {Arg.), a helmet {gu.) Kilham (?). 
 
 The brass is now on a hinge and attached to the wall near 
 the south pier of the chancel arch. Both sides of the plate are 
 reproduced in the Yorkshire Archcvological Journal, vol. xv. p. 42.
 
 192 
 
 Scarborough Museum. 
 
 In the museum of the Scarborough Philosophical and 
 Archaeological Society. Found in 18 10 on St. Nicholas Cliff 
 near the site of the destroyed Benedictine church of St. 
 Nicholas. 
 
 Obverse. A very small plate, 2f x if inches, bearing an 
 inscription to Brother William of Thornton. Date c. 1360 (?). 
 
 
 There is an engraving of this side of the plate in T. 
 Hinderwell's Histoyy of Scarborough, 2nd ed. (181 1), p. 125. 
 
 Reverse. A small fragment of a Flemish marginal inscrip- 
 tion bearing the numeral XI and a stop in relief on a hatched 
 ground. Probable date c. 1350 (?). Both sides of the plate 
 are illustrated in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass 
 Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. 255. 
 
 Sessay. 
 
 Obverse. Full length effigy of Thomas Magnus, archdeacon 
 of the East, Riding, and rector of Sessay, 1550, in cassock, 
 surplice, almuce and cope, with scroll from hands bearing the 
 words 'JC^n fill tiCi miserere mei. Below is the following 
 inscription : 
 
 l^ere Ipetlj Sl^aster ^Ijomae i^agntief ^rcljlieaeon of 
 
 in tlje Sl^etrepolitau Cljj'relje of gorke i Mon of tljigf 
 
 Cljpre^e tD|)tcl)e 
 2Dpeti t\\t iTbii)tl) tJiij' of ^tiffust a° Mi 9^" tcctCo I toljoefe 
 
 0oule ffoti Dlion. 
 
 At the four corners of the slab are quatrefoils, the upper and 
 lower dexter bearing the Holy Lamb with cross, and the upper 
 and lower sinister the stalk and flower of the columbine.^ 
 
 ' "In the old church was glass containing his rebus, an Agnus Dei with M 
 thereon. Above was the mo.to as on the arms, and the herbage was full of 
 columbines." — Tonge's Visitation (Surtees Society, vol. xli.), p. 59 (note).
 
 193 
 
 ■DnrttlirHlnn'ftaBofXiiguftJniraglcmr'llDljiofrfmilraoftBiim 
 
 Thomas Mac.nus, Archdeacon ok thk East Riding, 1550, 
 
 Sessay, Yorks. 
 
 About one-e!evenlh full si/e.
 
 194 
 
 Below the inscription is a shield charged with the arms of 
 Magnus. Bendy of six (vert) and (gu.), on a fess (oy) a lion passant 
 giiardant between two cinquefoils of the second, and above is the motto 
 ^ef (Boll to^'ll in black letter. 
 
 The figure, including the scroll, is 25^ inches in height, the 
 inscription plate measures 24I x 3I inches, the quatrefoils 
 5 X 4j inches, and the shield 6| x 5^ inches. The brass lies 
 on the chancel floor and is engraved in J. Gill's Vallis Ehoracensis, 
 p. 352 ; R. A. S. Macalister's Ecclesiastical Vestments, p. 147 (eff. 
 only) ; and in the Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, vol. xvii. p. 310. 
 
 Reverse. In March, 1902, the whole brass was loose in its 
 casement and on examination the greater portion proved to be 
 palimpsest. For this information and for a rubbing of the 
 palimpsests the writer is indebted to Mr. W. J. Kaye, F.S.A. 
 With the exception of the trunk of the figure the whole brass 
 is made up of fragments of earlier brasses. The head and a 
 greater portion of the scroll is in one piece and cut out of an 
 earlier figure, but is too fragmentary to say what the figure 
 may have been. The inscription appears to have been cut 
 out of the centre of a large figure of a lady, probably wearing 
 a mantle as a portion of the cord and tassels for fastening this 
 garment appears at one end of the plate. The shield may 
 possibly have come from the same figure as it bears lines of 
 similar drapery. Two of the quatrefoils are cut from a coped 
 priest, the orphrey of the cope being ornamented with foliage 
 and circles bearing letters ; two letters ^ and d^ remain. The 
 other two quatrefoils are made up of bits, one bearing portions 
 of drapery from the feet of a figure, the other a portion of 
 similar drapery and a large Lombardic D with traces of some 
 oiher letter but obscured by the solder used to fasien the pieces 
 together. All the palimpsest portions are illustrated in the 
 Yorkshire A rchaological Journal, vol. xvii. p. 311. 
 
 TOPCLIFFE. 
 
 The fine Flemish brass, 69 x 37 inches, to Thomas de 
 TopclyfF, 1362, and wife [Mabel], 1391, both in mantles, with 
 fine canopy and mutilated marginal inscription, is engraved in 
 Messrs. Wallers' Series of Monumental Brasses, and in the Intro- 
 duction, p. ix., is the following account of the discovery of the 
 palimpsest portions : " The brass of Thomas Topcliff and lady 
 was, a few years ago [about i860] , during the restoration of the
 
 195 
 
 ^ 
 
 I'ALIMI'SEST I'ORIIONS OK KrASS TO TllOMAS MaGNUS, 
 
 Sessay, Yokks. 
 
 About one-eleveiuh full size.
 
 196 
 
 church, removed from its slab. The reverse was discovered to 
 be entirely, or nearly so, composed of plates of metal that had 
 been previously used. But one small portion, however, fell 
 under the writer's observation, and that was a part of the border, 
 the reverse of which showed a portion of an inscription in Longo- 
 bardic capitals and in the Flemish vernacular, ' bidt. voer. die. 
 ziele.' i.e., pray for the soul. It was extremely well executed, 
 much in the style of the brass at St. Albans to Abbot Delamare ; 
 and was only a few years earlier in date to that of which it now 
 forms a portion. Of the rest, the account given by the Rev. H. 
 A. Hawkins, the incumbent of Topcliffe, though less complete 
 than one could have wished of so curious a fact, is nevertheless 
 useful, and tends to support the theory that occasionally spoilt 
 metal was reworked on its opposite surface. In a letter, he says, 
 ' I remember the fact of its being engraved over its entire sur- 
 face, but I could not make out the design if there was one. It 
 struck me rather ^as being a collection of several small sheets of 
 brass, on the back of which the artist or his apprentice had 
 been trying their engraving tools. I could trace no connec- 
 tion between one sheet and another ; there was something 
 resembling an elaborate ladder on one sheet, and on the next 
 a sword, out of all proportion to the ladder, if it was intended for 
 one, and only slightly sketched, whereas the ladder, as I have 
 remarked, was highly finished.' We must be thankful to possess 
 so brief a record of so curious a fact, though we may regret the 
 opportunity of a more searching scrutiny has been lost. There 
 can be little doubt that we have here the metal of spoilt work, of 
 various designs, used over again. That described as a ' ladder ' 
 was most likely the commencement of some architectural 
 feature, dividing into panels." 
 
 The brass in its original slab is now fixed on the wall of 
 the north aisle. No rubbing of the palimpsest portions seems 
 to be in existence. 
 
 WiNESTEAD. 
 
 Obverse. Upper part of a man in armour, bareheaded, his 
 head resting on his helmet, and wife (mutilated), c. 1540, a group 
 of seven sons, the eldest in armour, and a group of six daughters 
 (one headless). Marginal inscription lost. Chancel floor. 
 Probably to the memory of some member of the Hildyard 
 family, possibly Sir Christopher Hildyard, who died in 1538, and
 
 197 
 
 his second wife, Joan. Engraved in G. Poulson's History of 
 HoldernesSy vol. ii. p. 479, and Yorkshire Avchaological Journal^ vol. 
 xii. p. 228. 
 
 Palimpsest Brass at Winestead, Yorks. 
 
 About one-fifth full size. 
 
 Reverse. In 1899 the remaining portion of the man in armour 
 became detached from the stone and upon examination proved to 
 be palimpsest. It is 10 inches in length and bears upon the 
 reverse the left shoulder, arm, and a portion of the hands of 
 a civilian, probably a merchant, wearing a mantle. The sleeve 
 of the under-dress is richly ornamented, the cufF reaching to the 
 knuckles. The background to the figure, a very small portion of 
 which remains, is richly diapered. The work is Flemish, c. 1360, 
 and is in the same style as the great brasses at Lynn, Norfolk. 
 
 This fragment has now been securely fastened down, it is 
 figured in the Yorkshire A vchcBological Journal, vol. xvi. p. 239. 
 
 The remaining plates of this brass will, no doubt, upon 
 examination be found to be palimpsest. 
 
 IRELAND. 
 
 No palimpsest noted in this country. 
 
 SCOTLAND. 
 
 Edinburgh, St. Giles. 
 Obverse. A quadrangular plate, 3 if x 21 1 inches, to James
 
 198 
 
 Stewart, Earl of Murray, and Regent of Scotland, assassinated 
 at Linlithgow on the 2y<^ of January, 1569-70. In the centre 
 is a large achievement of the Regent's arms with the motto, 
 SALVS . PER . CHRisTVM, and on either side are figures of 
 Religion and Justice, with the mottoes, pietas . sine . vindice . 
 LVGET, and ivs . exarmatvm . est. Below is the following 
 inscription in raised letters : 
 
 23 . jANvARii . 1569. 
 
 lACOBO . STOVARTO . MORAVI/E . COMITI . SCOTIA . 
 PROREGI . VIRO . ^TATIS . SV^ . LONGE . OPTIMO . 
 ABINIMICIS . OMNIS . MEMORI^ . DETERRIMIS . 
 EX . INSIDIIS . EXTINCTO . CEV . PATRI . 
 COMMVNI . PATRIA . MCERENS . POSVIT . 
 
 This inscription was composed by George Buchanan. The 
 original tomb was destroyed in 1829 and the brass plate 
 removed to Donybristle House, the seat of the Earl of Moray, 
 but in 1865 the tomb was restored by the then Earl and the 
 brass replaced in the upper panel. In examining the family 
 papers in the charter-room of Donybristle, the Earl of Moray 
 discovered a detached sheet without name or date, endorsed 
 "The compt. of geir furnisit to my L buriall." From internal 
 evidence it clearly refers to the Regent's funeral in 1569-70, 
 and is in a contemporary hand. This document gives the 
 names of John Roytel and Murdoch Valker as the masons 
 who constructed the tomb at the expense of ^133 6s. 8d. ; 
 and of James Gray, goldsmith, who engraved the brass plate 
 at the charge of ^20, whilst the same plate of brass was bought 
 from David Rowane for £7. The details from the account 
 are as follows : ^ 
 
 " Item, gaif to Jhone Ryotaill and Mwrdoche Valka 
 measonnis for the making of my Lordis sepulteur according 
 to the indentour maid betwix vmquhill Maister Jhone Wod 
 and thame. i"" xxxiii. li. vi. s. viii. d. 
 
 " Item, to James Gray goldsmyth for ingraving of ane platt 
 of bras vpoun my Lordis sepulteur. xx. li. 
 
 " Item, to Dauid Rowane for the same platt of bras. vii. H. 
 
 *' Item, for varnishing of the same plaitt and putting vpe and 
 fixing thairof. "'J- "• 
 
 " Item, to the payntour for bleking of the sepulteur and his 
 
 paynis. ^^' ^• 
 
 ' See Pioceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, vol. vi. p. 49, a 
 paper by David Laing, entitled "Notice respecting the monument of the Regent 
 Karl of Murray, now restored, wiihin the Church of St. Giles, Edinburgh."
 
 199 
 
 Illustrations of this obverse side may be found in Proceedings 
 of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, vol. i. pi, vi. p. 196; 
 The Scottish Antiquary, vol. vi. p. 56; The Catalogue of the Edin- 
 burgh Heraldic Exhibition (i8gi), pi. ci. ; Macgibbon and Ross's 
 Ecclesiastical Architecture of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 453. A litho- 
 graph (full size) has also been privately printed. 
 
 Reverse. The Proceedings of the Society of A ntiquaries of Scotland, 
 vol. i. p. 181, under date May g, 1853, contains the following 
 account of the reverse : — " The original brass of the Regent Earl 
 of Murray, removed from St. Giles' Church in 1829 was again 
 exhibited, and the Secretary called attention to the highly inter- 
 esting fact, which had previously escaped notice, that it furnishes 
 an example of a palimpsest brass. It is engraved on the reverse 
 of the centre portion of a larger brass, probably of the latter part 
 of the fifteenth century. This has borne two full length figures, 
 a male and a female, with a richly diapered ground and orna- 
 mental border, and surrounded by an inscription, of which only 
 a part remains, reading on the right side, spouse . owmquhile . 
 OF . YE . SAID . THO, and on the other side, whilk . diet . the . 
 
 THIRD . DAY . OF , AUGUST . AN ." 
 
 This portion is now fastened down. 
 
 WALES. 
 
 No palimpsest noted in this country. 
 
 PRIVATE POSSESSION. 
 Mr. W. J. Andrew, Cadster House, Whaley Bridge. 
 
 Obverse. A group of four sons and one daughter, c. 1500-20. 
 The sons in ordinary civil dress, the daughter with long hair, a 
 kennel shaped head-dress and gown with close sleeves and large 
 cuffs. Size of plate 5x4! inches. 
 
 Reverse. A few engraved lines apparently from the figure of 
 a civilian, c. 1470. Two of the lines are filled with solder. 
 
 Sir M. Boileau, Ketteringham Park, 
 Wymondham, Norfolk. 
 
 Obverse. A man in armour, bare-headed, his head resting on 
 a helmet, c. 1560, lower part of legs and feet lost. Height of 
 effigy in present condition 13-2 inches.
 
 200 
 
 Palimpsest Figure in the Possession of Sir M. Boileau. 
 
 About one-fourth full size. 
 
 Reverse. A fragment of a large fifteenth century Flemish 
 brass showing a portion of a figure, apparently an ecclesiastic, 
 with folded hands and wearing a chasuble richly diapered with 
 foliage and scroll work, the centre orphrey bearing a small demi- 
 figure of our Lord or of one of the Apostles. 
 
 Both sides of the brass are figured in Norfolk Archaology, vol. 
 xiii. p. 198, and by permission of the Society here reproduced on 
 a reduced scale. 
 
 Mr. Ambrose Lee, Heralds' College, London. 
 
 Obverse. A group of three daughters, c. 1540. All wear 
 " Paris heads," the eldest a gown with long false sleeves, the 
 second a gown with sleeves puffed and slashed at the shoulders, 
 and the youngest a gown with open sleeves. Size of plate, 
 6x3! inches. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of a pediment of a canopy with three 
 crockets, of English workmanship of about the middle of the 
 fifteenth century. 
 
 Supposed to have come from a ruined chapel at Quarrendon, 
 Bucks.
 
 201 
 
 IS 
 
 the present 
 unknown, 
 
 DERELICTS. 
 
 The term " dereHct " is used to denote that 
 ownership or whereabouts of the original brass 
 rubbings being extant. 
 
 I. 
 
 Obverse. A very small fragment of an inscription bearing 
 the words : 
 
 .... JOljI0 .... 
 
 . . . nis qui .... 
 
 Size of fragment, 2^ x 2 inches. 
 
 Reverse. Another piece of an inscription bearing : 
 
 .... 
 
 .... a obiit IT . . . 
 . . . oiT iiiabj .... 
 
 Formerly in the museum at King's Lynn, Norfolk. Rubbing 
 in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries, 
 
 n. 
 
 Obverse. A sundial made by R. Treswell in 1582. Size of 
 
 plate, 7 X 7^ 
 inches. 
 
 Reverse. The 
 lower portion of 
 a quadrangular 
 plate showing 
 the legs and feet 
 of an emaciated 
 and shrouded 
 extended 
 mattress. 
 
 figure 
 on a 
 
 The original 
 plate, then in 
 the possession of 
 Mr. W. Tyson, 
 was exhibited at 
 the Bristol Meet- 
 ing of tlie Archae- 
 
 Reverse ok Sundial. 
 
 About one-half full size. 
 
 ological Institute 
 in 1851. There 
 
 is a rubbing of the reverse in the collection of the Society of 
 
 Antiquaries.
 
 202 
 
 III. 
 
 Obverse. Effigy of a lady, c. 1540, in heraldic mantle, with 
 hands held apart, and kneeling at a small desk on which lies 
 an open book. She wears the " Paris hede," a lace partlet, 
 a gown with close sleeves edged with lace, and a mantle 
 fastened by a large brooch. There are three ermine spots 
 on the gown and the mantle bears the following arms, Barry 
 nehuly of six . . . ajid . . ., a chief ermine. The figure is 
 13^ inches in height. 
 
 Palimpsest Figure. 
 
 Alx)ut one-fourth full size. 
 
 Reverse. A portion of the side shaft of a canopy showing 
 the head and shoulders of a female saint, crowned and nimbed, 
 under fine canopy work. Apparently foreign of late fourteenth 
 or early fifteenth century work. 
 
 Said to have been in the possession of a Mr. Christopher 
 Smyth about the year i860. Rubbings of both sides are in 
 the collection of the Society of Antiquaries.
 
 203 
 
 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 
 
 BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 Eton College Chapel. 
 
 I. 
 
 Mr. T. Eustace Harwood, in the Oxford Journal of Monumental 
 Brasses, vol. ii. p. 70, gives the following description of this 
 palimpsest : " The effigy consists of two pieces, joined across 
 the shoulders; these two pieces coming apart, instead of being 
 properly braced, they were repaired by soldering a piece of tin 
 over the join ; this process has rendered illegible the first of ten 
 fragments of Latin hexameters which were on the reverse. The 
 other nine are as follows : 
 
 . . . Ijic nnt: bictuef 
 . . tiimi0 qj liiiobus 
 £f pnuci0 qj tiicfaucs 
 r uocte miffiMbit 
 . 0iqiii)3 gfociflbit 
 
 Q .% . gfilii binacf 
 
 t mt patcrqj 
 
 . rn0 atqtic iubamcn. 
 
 . . moril)U0 ^mcn.' " 
 
 II. 
 
 Mr. J. Challenor Smith, F.S.A., has kindly forwarded the 
 following extract from the will of Walter Haugh, of Worsted, 
 Norfolk : " to be buried in chapel of St. John Baptist of Worsted 
 by the sepulture of Isabell my wif. I will that Sir Thomas James 
 preest have a service to sing for me Margarete and Issabell my 
 wiffes." Will dated November 5, 1505, and proved January 25, 
 1505-6 (P.C.C, 42 Holgrove). 
 
 The brass (with slab and palimpsest inscription) is engraved 
 in the Oxford Journal of Monumental Brasses, vol. ii. p. 72. 
 
 CORNWALL. 
 
 CONSTANTINK. 
 
 The palimpsest portion with the man in armour is repro- 
 duced in G. Clinch's Old English Churches, p. 235.
 
 204 
 
 DERBYSHIRE. 
 
 MORLEY. 
 
 The slab in which is inlaid the brass to Sir Henry Sache- 
 verell, 1558, and wife Isabel, may be said to be a palimpsest 
 in stone, as on the reverse is the casement for a fine brass 
 of an ecclesiastic with a marginal inscription. It is thus 
 described in the History and Antiquities of Morley, by the late 
 Rev. S. Fox, rector, p. 8, quoted in J. C. Cox's Churches of 
 Derbyshire, vol. iv. p. 334 : " The stone which contains this 
 brass is very far from being in its original situation. The 
 brass is small and inferior to the early ones; and the stone 
 in which it is placed is extremely rough and unfinished. This 
 led to the examination of the under part of the stone, when 
 it was found that it had once contained a very fine brass of 
 an ecclesiastic, and had been surrounded by a border fillet 
 bearing an inscription. Those parts of the stone which were 
 not cut away to receive the brass and fillet were highly polished. 
 The rivets were still quite perfect, and the pitch with which 
 the brass had been imbedded was quite fresh. It is not unlikely 
 that, after this stone had been deprived of its original treasure, 
 it formed part of the spoil which was brought from Dale 
 Abbey." 
 
 TiDESWELL. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Laurence Brierly, vicar, 1680. Size 
 of plate, 8J X 6| inches. This inscription, for many years in 
 private hands, has recently been restored to the church, and 
 is now fixed on hinges on the wall above Bishop Pursglove's 
 brass. 
 
 Exuvie 
 Lau : Brierly 
 vie hujus Eccle 
 sise v : id : Jan : 1680 
 Nescitis horam. 
 Reverse. Portions of eight lines of an inscription to Bishop 
 Pursglove, who died in 1579, in black letter of a late type 
 and with very florid capitals: 
 
 . . . y Robert Pursgloue .... 
 
 , . . care at Schoole and learning . . .
 
 205 
 
 ir 
 
 HiimiliilllbitFUiilinlFniw 
 
 2^% 
 
 
 EXUVLC 
 
 vi c hii^uy E#ile 
 
 Obverse and Reverse ok Brierlx— Pursgi.ove Inscription, 
 TiDEswEi.i., Derbyshire 
 
 About one-half full si/e.
 
 206 
 
 . . . . o London he was had . . . 
 
 ... by name in pauls which did . . . 
 
 . . . ntain full thi'ice 3 whole years . . . 
 
 . . . placed as I wis 
 
 . . . doth lye S' Mary Oueris 
 
 . . . send into that colHdge r . . . 
 It is exceedingly difficult to account for this fragment of 
 inscription, the letters of which are quite sharp and show no 
 signs of wear. It is certainly not a piece of the original 
 inscription, as the style of lettering is of much later date and 
 differs completely from that of the marginal inscription, which is 
 original. The curious split tops to some of the letters and the 
 same florid capitals occur on the inscription to Sir Sampson 
 Meverill, which is known to have been restored in 1702 by Sir 
 John Statham, and may still be seen on the high tomb in the 
 Chancel. The inscription now under the bishop's figure appears 
 to have been engraved about the year 1705, according to an entry 
 in the Tideswell school accounts for that year, when the sum of 
 £1 14s. lod., rent of certain lands in Taddington, was agreed to 
 be " laid out for brasse &c. for repairs of the Bishopp's Tombe 
 w*^h is stolen off"." ^ It appears from the lines preserved on the 
 Brierly fragment that the two inscriptions were similar in com- 
 position, but the lettering of the present one is much coarser than 
 that of the Brierly fragment. It is just possible that a new 
 inscription may have been prepared for the bishop's tomb some 
 little time before Brierly's death, and that for some reason or 
 another the plate remained on the engraver's hands and was cut 
 up and re-used, or it may be that Brierly's plate was not laid down 
 until many years after his death, possibly at a time when the en- 
 graver was working on the Pursglove inscription, and that he used 
 up a plate which he had had the misfortune to spoil. 
 
 The inscription now below the figure of Bishop Pursglove 
 reads thus : 
 
 Under this stone as here doth ly a corps sumtime of fame 
 in Tiddeswall bred and born truely Robert pursglove by name 
 and there brought up by parents care at Schoole & learning trad 
 till afterwards by uncle dear to London he was had 
 who WILLIAM BRADSHAW hight by name in pauls w^h did him 
 
 place 
 and y"" at Schoole did him maintain full thrice 3 whole years 
 space 
 ' From information kindly supplied by the rector, the Rev. J. M. J. Fletcher.
 
 207 
 
 and then into the Abberye was placed as I wish 
 
 in Southwarkft call'd where it doth ly saint mary overis 
 
 to OXFORD then who did him send into that Colledge right 
 
 and there 14 years did him find vV-h Corpus Christi hight 
 
 from thence at length away he went, a clerke of learning great 
 
 to GiSBURN ABBEY streigh' was sent and placed in priors seat 
 
 BISHOP of HULL he was also, archdeacon of Nottingham 
 
 provost of rotherham colledge too, of YORK eak suffragan 
 
 two gramer Schooles he did ordain with land for to endure 
 
 one hospital for to m.aintain twelve impotent and poor 
 
 o gisburne then with tiddeswall town lament & mourn you 
 
 may 
 for this said clerk of great renoun lyeth here compact in clay 
 though cruell death hath now down brought this body w^ here 
 
 doth ly 
 yet trump of fame stay can he nought to sound his praise on high. 
 Qui legis hunc versum crebro reliquum memoreris 
 vile cadaver sum tuque cadaver eris. 
 
 Engravings of the bishop's brass may be found in Gent. Mag., 
 vol. Ixiv. (1794) pt. ii. p. iioi, and Cambridge Camden Society's 
 Illnstrations of Monumental Brasses, No. I. p. ig. 
 
 DORSETSHIRE. 
 Litton Cheyney. 
 
 The writer is indebted to Major E. B. Evans for kindly 
 visiting Litton Cheyney and hunting up the palimpsest inscrip- 
 tions, which are now kept loose at the rectory. As stated by 
 Hutchins, there are three inscriptions, the plate bearing the 
 inscription to John Chapman having been cut into two pieces and 
 converted into memorials to Alexander Warnby, and to John and 
 Thomas Newpton. 
 
 Obverses, (a) Inscription to Alexander Warnby, i486. Size 
 of plate, 8^ X 3 inches. 
 
 li^ic Placet aicrantjriam (s/V) (laianibj' 
 qui obiir iiii" tiic mc3' m'ciK?) ^imo 
 
 nm ^° €€€€° ^f aBF F3^ cui' ale Dpicict' nnief. 
 
 The third word in the first line certainly reads " Alexandriam," 
 and the month seems to be " Marcii," but the plate is much worn 
 and dented. The lettering is peculiar and appears to be the 
 work of a provincial artist, (b) Inscriptionto John and Thomas 
 Newpton, undated. Size of plate, 5^ X 3 inches.
 
 2o8 
 
 neupto qo^ am di^icin' d'cf. 
 
 This also seems to be the work of a local artist, the lettering is 
 peculiar and the spacing bad. In the first two lines the letters 
 are large, whilst in the third line they are much smaller and run 
 closely together. The style of lettering is different to that on the 
 inscription to Alexander Warnby, but apparently as the two 
 inscriptions complete the reverse inscription their dates must be 
 nearly alike. 
 
 Reverse. These two plates preserve the complete inscription 
 to John Chapman, fishmonger, 1471, and wife Alice. This plate 
 when joined together measures 14x3 inches. 
 
 H^ic met 3o^cs C^alpman ffpgfc^moger et SiUcia uror 
 fiu0 qui quilim Jo^p obiit ^rptimana pa^c^e jauno 
 tini Sl^° €€€€° 2l^^j,° quor' alabj Dpicietur tieu0 ^mcii 
 
 The first portion has been utilised for the Newpton inscrip- 
 tion, the second for the Warnby. The lettering of the Chapman 
 inscription is good and appears to be the work of a London 
 artist. The edges are quite sharp and show no signs of wear. 
 Possibly the plate may have been a " waster," and sent from one 
 workshop to another. It is certainly curious to find the two 
 pieces re-used in the same church. 
 
 HERTFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Aldenham. 
 
 I. 
 
 The inscription to John Long, 1538, is now framed and 
 hanging on the east wall of the Vestry. 
 
 II. 
 
 Half a shield, 3 X 5| inches, from the brass to Ralph 
 Stepney, Esq., first lord of the Town of Aldenham and patron 
 of the church, 1544. Framed and hanging in the vestry. 
 
 Obverse. The lower portion of a shield showing part of a 
 chequy fess with an owl in base impaling a quartered coat. 
 A perfect shield still remaining in the slab at the west end of 
 the nave shows the arms to have been Stepney, (Gu.), a fess.
 
 209 
 
 cheqtiy \or) and {az.) between three owls (nvg.) impaling Quarterly 
 I. and IV. (Arg.), a lion rampant {sa.) Cressey. II. and III. 
 (Erin.) three bars {gu.) Hussey (?). 
 
 Reverse. A portion of a group of sons, c. 1500. 
 
 Barley. 
 
 Obverse. Inscription to Robert Bryckett, 1566. Size of plate, 
 20^ X 31^ inches, in two pieces respectively measuring 14 a and 
 5f inches. Formerly on the nave floor but now hanging on the 
 south wall. 
 
 ^ic iattt EobcrtujS ISrpcfectt ffcu'osfu^* qui obiit bfcimo 
 Xiit 3Iunu Sinno mi ^" tttcC litr tt nam mc rlir 
 
 Reverse. Only the larger piece of the inscription is palimp- 
 sest, having on its reverse the greater portion of another inscrip- 
 tion to Richard Pecok, citizen and armourer, and his wives 
 
 and Isabell. Apparently late fifteenth century. 
 
 €)rate p a'ia Eicami ^t:ok ciM t armer 
 
 \ii\° iliufif flff bruarii anno ^i millmo etc 
 
 tt I gisalirllc uroru ri'tie €iuorum animabu 
 
 For a notice of this palimpsest the writer is indebted to 
 Mr. W. Frampton Andrews, of Hertford. 
 
 KENT. 
 
 Erith. 
 
 Another piece of the Flemish brass used as the reverse of the 
 inscription to Anne Harmon, 1574, is to be found at Isleworth, 
 Middlesex, used as the reverse of the inscription of Frances 
 Holland, 1575, but now fastened down. 
 
 Margate. 
 I. 
 In the first line for " Gredo " read " Credo." 
 
 MIDDLESEX. 
 
 Hackney. 
 
 Two shields, 6^ x 5^ inches, from the brass to John Lymsey, 
 1545, and wife Margaret (Pickenham). Loose in 1903. 
 
 This brass, restored from an early drawing, is engraved in
 
 2IO 
 
 the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Mommental Brasses, Introd., 
 p. ccxxxi., and in Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, N. S., vol. 
 ii. p. 309. The sons and one shield were then lost and the 
 marginal inscription was imperfect. The figure of the lady, 
 most probably a palimpsest, and the fragments of the marginal 
 
 Palimpsest Shields, Hackney, Middlesex. 
 
 About one-third full-size. 
 
 inscription have now disappeared, and within the last few 
 months the shield bearing the arms of Pickenham has also 
 vanished. The figure of John Lymsey appears to be of earlier 
 date, c. 1510-20, possibly spoil from some monastic house re-used 
 by the brass engraver without any alteration.
 
 211 
 
 Obverse. Shield No. I., originally at the lower sinister corner 
 of the slab, bears Quarterly I. and IV. (Or), an eagle displayed 
 (gu.) charged on the breast with a mullet (or), within a bar dure {of the 
 second) charged with eight cinquefoils (arg.) Lymsey. II. (Gu.), two 
 bars gemel between three annulets (arg.) Ryckhill. III. {Arg.), a 
 chevron {sa.) between three columbines ppr. Coventry. 
 
 Shield No. II., originally at the upper sinister corner of the 
 slab, bears Lymsey and quarterings as in No. I. impaling 
 PiCKENHAM, {Az.), a Uou rampant {or) holding a battle axe, headed 
 {arg.), hafted {or). 
 
 Reverse. The shields have been cut out of a large quad- 
 rangular plate of Flemish workmanship of the early part of 
 the sixteenth century. Allowing for the shape of the shields 
 the pieces join together and show the upper part of a figure 
 of St. John the Baptist in his camel skin robe, holding in his 
 left hand an open book and pointing thereto with his right. 
 Below the book, and not thereon as usual, is the Holy Lamb 
 with banner, but of this only the nimbus surrounding the head 
 and part of the banner are visible. The background is diapered 
 with a pattern of large foliage work, whilst architectural design, 
 probably intended to represent the interior of a church, fills the 
 top of the plate, the two supporting columns at the sides being 
 ornamented with a chevron pattern. The plate appar*ent]y 
 belongs to the type in which the person commemorated is 
 represented kneeling with a figure of his patron saint standing 
 behind him, in this case St. John the Baptist. 
 
 The writer is indebted to the Rev. J. F. Williams for notice 
 of this interesting find and for rubbings of the plates. 
 
 London, British Museum. 
 
 The following palimpsests formerly in the possession of the 
 late Mr. Bayfield, of Norwich, have recently been deposited in 
 the Museum. 
 
 I. 
 
 Tiie inscription from Trunch, Norfolk. See Trunch, Nor- 
 folk, and also Norfolk additions and corrections.
 
 212 
 
 11. 
 
 A small fragment, 2i x i inch, bearing on the obverse the feet 
 
 of a civilian, c. 1530, 
 and on the reverse a 
 portion of a canopy 
 from a fourteenth 
 century Flemish brass. 
 
 III. 
 
 Another fragment, 
 3^ + i^ inches, bear- 
 ing on the obverse a 
 fragment of a sixteenth 
 century inscription 
 
 trill tiie octo... 
 
 and the tops of the 
 letters of another line, 
 and on the reverse the 
 letters KCE ^om a 
 Flemish marginal inscription of the fourteenth century. 
 
 Palimpsest Fragment. 
 
 Full si/e. 
 
 NORTHOLT. 
 
 Reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, 
 vol. ii. pi. 29, with the palimpsest portions. 
 
 NORFOLK. 
 The palimpsests at Felmingham ; Halvergate (2) ; Merton ; 
 Norwich, St. John Maddermarket, to Nicholas Suttherton, 1540, 
 St. Martin-at-Palace, St. Peter Mancroft, and in the Strangers' 
 Hall ; Great Ormesby ; Paston ; Salhouse ; and Sail, are repro- 
 duced in Norfolk Archaology, vol. xv. pp. 61-90. 
 
 Felmingham. 
 
 I. 
 
 Reverse. Inscription to William Elyes, chaplain, 1500. Local. 
 
 €)ratc 5 aiii M,i\\\ (El^egf captUani 
 qui olnit bi' tiie i|5oucbr' a° ri W^"" 
 
 Loosely suspended by a nail on the wall at the west end of 
 the nave.
 
 213 
 
 II, 
 
 Also loosely suspended by a nail on the wall at the West end 
 of the nave. The writer is indebted to the Rev. J. F, Williams 
 for the rubbing of the reverse of No. I., and for the notes on the 
 present positions of the brasses. 
 
 Merton. 
 
 The brass to Thomas de Grey, 1562, is no longer beneath a 
 pew but on the floor of the south aisle. 
 
 Paston. 
 The recovery and restoration of the Paston shields is thus 
 recorded in Norfolk Archaology, vol. iv. p. 360, under date 4th 
 November, 1852, " The Rev. John Gunn informed the Com- 
 mittee that Mr. Rising, of Horning, had handed to him a brass 
 formerly on the tomb of Erasmus Paston in Paston church ; and 
 that another had been found in the possession of a blacksmith at 
 North Walsham ; both of which he had caused to be restored to 
 their original positions on the tomb." For this note the writer 
 is indebted to the Rev. J. F. Williams. 
 
 Trunch. 
 
 The inscription to Walter Bownyng and wife Melicent, 1473, 
 has recently been found amongst the effects of the late Mr. Bay- 
 field, and is now deposited in the British Museum. It is broken 
 into five pieces and is in a very fragile condition. The surname 
 appears to be " Bownyng," and his wife's christian name 
 " Meloci(n)t." 
 
 SUFFOLK. 
 Denham. 
 A rubbing of the palimpsest portion is in the collection of 
 Mr. Arthur H. Brown, of Brentwood. Another copy is said to 
 be kept in the vestry of the church. 
 
 SURREY. 
 
 CoBHAM." 
 
 Mr. H. Gough, of Redhill, suggests that the words on the 
 bowl of the chalice should read " Esto m(ihi) Ihs."
 
 214 
 
 SUMMARY. 
 
 The term " palimpsest," although not strictly accurate, is, like 
 many other words also not strictly accurate, a very convenient 
 word to apply to this class of memorial. In its true sense the 
 term is applied to ancient manuscripts where older writing has 
 been effaced to make way for new script. It was first employed 
 by the late Mr. Albert Way, F.S.A., in reference to brasses, and 
 although other words have been suggested at various times this 
 term seems to be the most convenient and to be in general use. 
 
 Palimpsest brasses may be divided into two main classes : 
 
 A. Appropriated and converted brasses. 
 
 B. Brasses which bear on their reverse side engravings 
 of figures, inscriptions, &c., either of English or foreign 
 workmanship. This class may be subdivided into three 
 heads : 
 
 (i) Wasters from the workshop. 
 
 (2) Spoil from the destruction of the monastic houses 
 
 and chantries in our own country. 
 
 (3) Imported plate and spoil from the destruction 
 
 of the religious houses in the Low countries. 
 
 By far the greater number of palimpsests fall under Class B 
 and its subdivisions, and as it is only by chance or by the acci- 
 dental loosening of plates that the opportunity arises for their 
 examination, many more may still be noted from time to time. 
 To a certain extent the classes overlap as in the cases of Water- 
 perry, Oxon., and Okeover, Staffs., where some of the plates are 
 simply turned over and re-engraved. The Okeover brass was 
 most probably monastic spoil and very possibly the one at 
 Bromham, Beds., came from a similar source. The Lymsey 
 brass at Hackney, dated 1545, but now nearly all lost, appears 
 to have been a compound example, the man being in armour of 
 the period, c. 1510-20, the lady in a costume of the period of the 
 date of the brass, whilst two of the shields are cut out of a 
 foreign example. 
 
 Class A. — Appropriated and converted brasses. In some 
 cases earlier brasses have been simply appropriated by the 
 addition of a new inscription and new shields, or the old ones 
 turned over and re-engraved, without any alteration to the 
 figures or canopies. Examples occur at Bromham, Beds., where 
 a brass to a man in armour and his two wives, c. 1430-40, has
 
 215 
 
 been turned into a memorial for Sir John Dyve, 1535, his wife, 
 and his mother, by the addition of a new foot-inscription and the 
 insertion of a new shield bearing the Dyve arms ; at Bright- 
 lingsea, Essex, where a bracket, c. 1400, now carries the figures 
 of two ladies of the Beriffe family who died in 1536, it is very 
 probable that these two figures are cut out of the larger figures 
 which originally occupied their places ; at Gunby, Line, where 
 a brass to one of his own family, c. 1405, was turned into a 
 memorial for Sir Thomas Massyngberde and his wife Joan, 1552, 
 by the simple process of cutting or beating down the earlier 
 incised inscription and making a new one in raised lettering, 
 traces of the earlier inscription being still visible between the 
 words of the later ; at Laughton, in the same county, is a some- 
 what similar instance, where an armed figure, c. 1400, probably a 
 member of the Dalyson family, has, by the insertion of a new 
 inscription, become the memorial of William Dalyson, who died 
 in 1546, the inscription also mentioning his son George, who 
 died in 1549, some small repairs to the canopy work seem to 
 have been effected at the same time ; at Horley, Surrey, where 
 the figure of a lady, c. 1420, now, by the insertion of a small 
 inscription under her feet, purports to be Joan Fenner, who died 
 in 1516; at Ticehurst, Sussex, where a large armed figure, 
 c. 1370, now appears with two small figures of ladies, c. 1500, 
 and an inscription to John Wybarne, who died in 1490, and his 
 two wives Edith and Agnes, the latter of whom died in 1502 ; and 
 at Norwich, St. Stephen, where the figure of a lady, c. 1410, has 
 received a new inscription turning her into one Eel (or Ele) 
 Buttry, who died in 1546. In a few cases brasses were not only 
 appropriated but practically converted into new memorials 
 by various alterations and additions to the figures themselves. 
 Of this, the true form of palimpsest, only four examples have 
 been noticed, viz., at Chalfont St. Peter, Bucks. ; Great Ormsby, 
 Norfolk ; Waterperry, Oxon. ; and Okeover, Staffs. In the 
 example at Chalfont the figure of a priest in mass vestments, 
 c. 1440, has been altered by the addition of shading, the rounding 
 of the toes, and the addition of a new inscription making him into 
 Robert Hanson, vicar of Chalfont, who died in 1545. At Great 
 Ormsby, the three-quarter figure of a lady, c. 1440, has been 
 altered by the insertion of much coarse shading and the addition 
 of a new inscription (now lost), to represent Alice, wife of Sir 
 Robert Clere, who died in 1538. The brass at Waterperry must 
 remain more or less a mystery until the reverses can be properly
 
 2l6 
 
 examined. At the present time it is the memorial of Walter 
 Curzon, who died in 1527, and his wife Isabel, but possibly the 
 brass may have been recut a few years later. Anyway the 
 original brass commemorated a man in armour and his wife, 
 c. 1445, with a marginal inscription and probably four shields of 
 arms. To convert this earlier armed figure into one conforming 
 with the date of Curzon's death it became necessary to make 
 extensive alterations in the style of armour, A new head and 
 shoulders had to be provided but the rest of the figure was 
 altered by strengthening the breast plate with several overlapping 
 plates, partially obliterating the oblong palettes, converting the 
 taces into a skirt of mail, inserting mail gussets at the insteps, 
 and rounding the pointed sollerets. All the lines of the body 
 armour were invecked and shaded and small additions made to 
 the ground on which the lion rests and to the ornamentation of 
 the scabbard of the sword. The upper half of the lady is either 
 a new plate or the old one turned over and re-engraved, but the 
 lower half is the original with the addition of a little shading and 
 the continuation of the chain carrying the pomander box. The 
 marginal inscription appears to have been simply turned over and 
 re-engraved, as there is a record of a loose piece (now lost) which 
 had on its reverse a portion of another inscription. The brass at 
 Okeover is a similar instance, but an examination of the reverses 
 has enabled a complete identification to be made. Originally laid 
 down to the memory of William, fifth Lord Zouch, of Harring- 
 worth, and his two wives, about the year 1447, soon after the 
 death of his first wife, Alice Seymour, it became, probably as 
 spoil from some monastic house, the memorial of Humphrey 
 Oker, who died in 1538, his wife, Isabel, and their children. 
 Little alteration was really made in the brass, except in the figure 
 of Lord Zouch, where portions of the body armour were cut 
 away and a tabard charged with Oker arms made in the indent 
 thus created. The upper part of the helmet with its cresi yas 
 removed and the crest of Oker substituted. The lady on the 
 dexter side remained unaltered and passed as Isabel Oker, but 
 the second lady was superfluous, so her figure was reversed, and 
 thereon were engraved the Oker children in three rows, the head 
 and shoulders of the figure being filled up with an oak tree 
 bearing a shield. The original shields and the marginal inscrip- 
 tion were simply turned over and re-engraved. 
 
 Class B. — Brasses which bear on their reverse side engrav- 
 ings of figures, inscriptions, &c., either of English or foreign
 
 217 
 
 workmanship, sub- divided into three heads : (i) wasters from 
 the workshop, (2) spoil from the destruction of the monastic 
 houses and chantries in our own country, and (3) imported plate 
 and spoil from the destruction of religious houses and churches 
 in the Low Countries. 
 
 (i) Wasters from the workshop, including plates cancelled 
 through some error either in detail or in the inscription or 
 heraldry, or from the design not meeting with approval. As 
 Mr. Waller remarks in the introduction to his Series of Monu- 
 mental Brasses, p. ix., "Spoilt metal from the workshop must 
 have been of frequent occurrence, as experience in the manu- 
 facture of similar memorials proves." The dates of the two 
 sides generally but not always nearly coincide. 
 
 Examples of wasters closely corresponding in date occur 
 at Luton, Beds., where the figure of Isabel Hay, 1455, has 
 on the reverse portions of unfinished canopy work of much 
 the same date; Chalfont St. Giles, Bucks., where the inscrip- 
 tion to John and Elizabeth Salter, 1523, has on the reverse 
 another inscription to Thomas and Anne Bredham, 152 1 ; Stone, 
 Bucks., where the figure of Thomas Gorney, 1520, shows on the 
 reverse a portion of a figure of a lady, c. 1440-50, whilst the 
 nscription bears a portion of another inscription to Christopher 
 Tharpe, who is said to have died in 1514; Lytton Cheyney, 
 Dorset, where two inscriptions, one to Alexander Warnby, i486, 
 and another to John and Thomas Newpton, of about the same 
 date, have been made from an inscription to John Chapman, 
 fishmonger, 1471, by the simple process of cutting the latter 
 inscription into two pieces ; it is curious to find the two pieces 
 still in the same church, and as the lettering of the later inscrip- 
 tions suggests a local origin, whilst that of the Chapman inscrip- 
 tion appears to be of London make and is yet quite sharp, 
 showing no signs of wear, it may perhaps be conjectured that 
 the local man applied to a London firm for a piece of metal and 
 received the inscription which he promptly cut in two; Fing- 
 ringhoe, Essex, where the inscription to John Alleyn, c. 1600, 
 has on the reverse a portion of a text of much the same date ; 
 Bristol, Temple Church, where a priest in processional vest- 
 ments, c. 1460, is cut out of a lady of about the same date; 
 St. Alban's Abbey, Herts., where the lower portion of an un- 
 known abbot, c. 1400, shows on the reverse the lower half of a 
 lady, also of about the same date ; Downe, Kent, where the 
 inscription to John Bederenden, 1445, bears on the reverse a
 
 2l8 
 
 portion of an inscription of similar date ; Margate, Kent, where 
 the inscription to Thomas Smyth, vicar, 1433, has on the 
 reverse the almost complete inscription to John and Alice 
 Dalton, 1430 ; Loughborough, Leicestershire, where the much 
 worn inscription to Giles Jordan, 1441, bears on the reverse 
 another inscription to Elizabeth Lisle, 1438 ; Southacre, Nor- 
 folk, where some of the fragments of the brass to Sir Roger 
 Harsick and wife, 1454, bear other fragments on the reverse, 
 including one small Flemish bit; Nether Heyford, Northants., 
 where a shield bearing the Heyford arms from the brass to John 
 Mauntell and wife, c. 1400, shows on the reverse the arms of 
 Montacute quartering Longespee, possibly intended for the arms 
 of WilHam de Montacute, second Earl of Salisbury of that 
 name, who died in 1397; Goring, Oxon., where some children, 
 c. 1600, have on the reverse an inscription to Walter Prunes, 
 T594, in this case the inscription has been cut in two, one half 
 for the sons, the other for the daughters; Clifton Campville, 
 Staffs., where the half effigy of a lady, c. 1350-60, on a bracket, 
 is cut out of a cross-legged figure in mail, c. 1300; Ampton, 
 Suffolk, where a lady, c. 1490, bears on the reverse another lady, 
 c. 1470; Cookley, Suffolk, where a group of children, 1595, has 
 on the reverse a portion of an inscription of about the same 
 date ; Sanderstead, Surrey, where an inscription to Nicholas 
 Wood, 1586, bears on the reverse another inscription to Nicholas 
 Pury, 1585 ; Willingdon, Sussex, a similar case, one side of an 
 inscription bearing date 1618-19, the other 1618 ; and Melksham, 
 Wilts., where two shields, 161 2, are respectively cut out of a 
 figure brass and an inscription, both of about the same date. 
 
 In some cases a greater length of time is observable between 
 the engraving of the two sides, and this may possibly be ac- 
 counted for by the plates becoming loose and so lost, or by theft 
 or losses during repairs and rebuilding, when, as in our own 
 time, the plates would eventually find their way into the hands 
 of the dealers in old metal and so back to the workshops. Such 
 may have been the case at Ashover, Derbyshire, where the in- 
 scription to Thomas Babyngton, 15 18, has on its reverse another 
 inscription to Robert Prykke, 1450; Braughing, Herts., where a 
 civilian, c. 1480, is cut out of a lady, c. 1440; King's Langley, 
 Herts., where the inscription to William Carter, 1528, has on 
 the reverse another inscription dated 1487; Godmersham, Kent, 
 where the inscription to William Geffray, 1516, has on the 
 reverse an inscription to William Attilburgh, 1471 ; Boston,
 
 219 
 
 Line, where one lady, c. 1460, is cut out of another, c. 1390; 
 Ipsden, Oxon., where the figures of Thon:ias and Isabel 
 Englysche, 1525, are respectively cut out of the figure of a 
 lady and of an inscription, c. 1420; Oxford, Magdalen College 
 Chapel, where the inscription to John Caly, 15 15, has on the 
 reverse another inscription to Isabel Fyscher, 1464 ; Stanton 
 St. John, Oxon., where the inscription to Anne Frene, 1524, 
 is cut out of the figure of a lady, c. 1300; and Etchingham, 
 Sussex, where the Echynghani-Oxenbrigg inscription, 1480, has 
 on the reverse an inscription to Thomas Austin, 1405. The 
 engraver who restored the legs of Sir John de Northwode, at 
 Minster, Isle of Sheppey, Kent, in the early part of the sixteenth 
 century appropriated an earlier figure from somewhere in order 
 to carry out this repair. 
 
 In the few cases where both sides of the plate refer to the 
 same person, it may be assumed that the original engraving was 
 rejected either from some error in detail, or from the design not 
 meeting with approval, or from the inscription containing some 
 expression not in harmony with the times. The brass at Bur- 
 well, Cambs., to John Lawrence, abbot of Ramsay from 1508 to 
 1539, was probably prepared during his lifetime and represented 
 him as an abbot, but on his death in 1542 the figure was altered 
 and he simply appears in cassock, surplice, and almuce. The 
 half effigy of Thomas Cod, vicar of St. Margaret's, Rochester, 
 1465, was originally vested in cassock, surplice, almuce, and 
 cope, but on the later side the amice takes the place of the 
 almuce ; the reason for this change is not obvious. A shield 
 at Frenze, Norfolk, bears on its obverse the arms of Loudham, 
 whilst on the reverse is an unfinished shield with the arms of 
 Blenerhayset quartering Orton. The inscription originally pre- 
 pared for John Marsham in 1525, formerly in the church of 
 St. John Maddermarket, Norwich, contained a grant of so many 
 days pardon, but this plate was cancelled and a new inscription, 
 altogether different in style, engraved on the other side. At 
 Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, the feat of agility performed by 
 John Selwyn at a stag-hunt in the presence of Queen Elizabeth 
 is twice engraved. The earlier engraving is very lightly done 
 and shows him riding on the stag, without hat, whilst with 
 his left hand he holds the stag's horns and with the other 
 plunges the sword into its neck. This does not seem to have 
 been approved and a more spirited representation of the scene 
 was engraved on the other side. Selwyn now wears a hat and 
 cloak and keeps his seat without holding the horns of the stag.
 
 220 
 
 (a) Spoil from the dissolution of the monastic houses between 
 1536-g, and the dissolution of the chantries, &c.,in 1547. These 
 wholesale and sweeping destructions flooded the market with old 
 metal and have provided by far the largest class of palimpsests. 
 In a few cases it is possible to identify with more or less certainty 
 the places from which the original brasses came, as at Dench- 
 worth, Berks., where the inscription to William Hyde, and wife, 
 1562, bears on its reverse the record of the laying of a foundation 
 stone of Bisham Abbey, by King Edward III., in 1333 ; at 
 Reading, St. Laurence, Berks., where the brass to Walter Barton, 
 1538, is entirely made up of portions of the brass, including the 
 complete inscription, of Sir John Popham, who died in 1463, and 
 was buried, according to Stowe, in the Charterhouse, London ; 
 in Eton College Chapel, where the inscription to Elizabeth 
 Stokes, 1560, has on the i*everse another inscription to Walter 
 Haugh, 1505, who by will desired to be buried in the chapel 
 of St. John Baptist, at Worstead, Norfolk ; curiously enough, 
 both inscriptions are the work of Norfolk engravers ; at Hedgerly, 
 Bucks., where, on the back of the inscription to Margaret 
 Bulstrode, 1540, is another to Thomas Totyngton, abbot of 
 Bury ; at Norbury, Derbyshire, where portions of the brass to 
 Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, and wife, 1538, appear to have come 
 from a brass of the De Verdun family, who buried in Croxden 
 Abbey ; at Walkern, Herts., where, on the back of the inscrip- 
 tion to Richard Humberstone, 1581, is an inscription to John 
 Lovekyn, lord mayor of London, who was buried in the church 
 of St. Michael, Crooked Lane ; at Halvergate, Norfolk, where 
 the inscription to Robert Golword, 1543, bears on its reverse 
 another inscription to a Lady Scales, probably from Blackburgh 
 Priory, the burial place of the Scales family ; at Norwich, 
 St. John Maddermarket, the Rugge brass, 1558, is probably made 
 up of spoil from the great abbey of St. Benet Hulme ; at 
 Shipton-under-Wychwood, Oxon., the plate bearing the figure 
 and inscription to Elizabeth Home, 1548, doubtless came from 
 some church in Aylesbury, since it records on its reverse the en- 
 dowment of a chantry in that town, and at Rodmell, Sussex, 
 John de la Chambre, 1673, or rather his executors or representa- 
 tives, seem to have appropriated an inscription already in the 
 church and simply engraved Chambre's inscription on the back. 
 In addition to these, other examples of spoil occur at Flitton, 
 Beds. ; Chichley, Middle Claydon, Denham, a fine example, 
 having on the reverse the almost complete figure of a friar
 
 221 
 
 together with an inscription to John Pyke, probably a school- 
 master, since his shield bears the device of a birchrod, Eton 
 College Chapel, Hedgerley, and Taplow, three examples, all in 
 Bucks. ; Cambridge, Queens' College ; Chester, Holy Trinity, 
 where the reverse shows the leg of an armed man wearing the 
 Order of the Garter ; Braunton, Devonshire ; Fryerning, Stret- 
 hall, Tolleshunt Darcy, two examples, Upminster, and VVal- 
 thamstow, all in Essex ; Dummer, Odiham and Winchester in 
 Hampshire ; Aldenham, Great Berkhampstead, Eastwick, and 
 Walkern, in Hertfordshire ; Cuxton (2), Faversham, West 
 Mailing, Penshurst, Shorne (lost), and Westerham, all in Kent; 
 Manchester Cathedral ; Cranford, Harlington, Littleton, London, 
 All Hallows, Barking, and Northolt, all in Middlesex ; Felming- 
 ham (2), Halvergate, Merton, Narborough, Norwich, St. John 
 Maddermarket (2), St. Martin-at-Palace, and Ranworth, all in 
 Norfolk ; Checkendon, Oxon. ; Oxford, Magdalen College 
 Chapel; Bury St. Edmund's, Suffolk; Camberwell, Cheam, 
 Cobham, in Surrey ; Morland, Westmorland ; West Lavington, 
 Wilts; and Howden, Ilkley and Sessay, Yorkshire. 
 
 (3) Imported material, mostly from the Low Countries. 
 Flanders and the neighbouring provinces were early celebrated 
 for the manufacture of plates of " latten " or brass, and large 
 quantities must have been imported into England as the plate 
 was apparently not made at home until the time of Queen 
 Elizabeth. Amongst this imported material must have been a 
 certain quantity of shop waste, which seems to be the only way 
 to account for the existence of certain early Flemish examples, 
 as at Great Bowden, Leic, where the inscription to William , 
 
 Wolstonton, rector, 1403, bears on the reverse a portion of 
 a small Flemish brass of a civilian under a canopy, c. 1350; at 
 Horncastle, Line, where portions of the brass to Sir Lionel k <^\^ 
 Dymoke, 1519, are composed of foreign fragments; at Southacre, 
 Norfolk, where the remains of the brass to Sir Roger Harsyk \ 'Oi 
 and wife, 1454, include a piece of a Flemish marginal inscrip- 
 tion ; other fragments occur at Sail, c. 1480, and at Trunch, \ Hi ^ r 
 1473, both in Norfolk ; and at Ewelme, Oxon., 1494. The 
 reverse of the great Flemish brass at Topcliffe, Yorkshire, dated 
 1391, is said to be entirely covered with earlier work, and at 
 Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex, is preserved a portion of the border of 
 another Flemish brass, of late fourteenth century date, the two 
 sides of which differ but slightly in design and date. 
 
 Flemish fragments are mostly found between the years 1540
 
 T^O 
 
 and 1590, and this may be accounted for by the rehgious troubles 
 in the Low Countries which cuhninated in the outbreak of the 
 Calvinists in 1566, when no fewer than 400 churches in Flanders 
 and Brabant alone were pillaged, and the subsequent outrages 
 committed by the Beggars of the Sea or water gueux in 1572, 
 whose first acts were to plunder churches. 
 
 Examples of the re-use such Flemish fragments have been 
 noted at Winestead, Yorks, c. 1540; Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex, 
 1540, preserving a complete inscription to Robert and Maud le 
 Wale, 1362; Isleworth, Middlesex, 1544 and 1575; Bayford, 
 Herts., c. 1545; Upminster, Essex, 1545; Aylesford, Kent, 
 1545; Hackney, Middlesex, 1545; Hadleigh, Suffolk, c. 1560; 
 Pottesgrove, Beds., 1563; Westerham, Kent, 1563; Norwich, 
 St. Peter Mancroft, 1568; West Lavington, Wilts., 1559 (but 
 engraved later); Mawgan-in-Pyder, Cornwall, 1573, i577> 1578 
 and 1586; Stondon Massey, Essex, 1573; Haseley, Warw., 
 1573; Constantine, Cornwall, 1574; Erith, Kent, 1574; Harrow, 
 Middlesex, 1574; Oxford, St. Mary Magdalen, 1574, and St. 
 Peter-in-the-East, 1574; Denham, Suffolk, 1574; Wimbish, 
 Essex, c, 1575; Cookham, Berks., 1577; Cley, Norfolk, 1578; 
 Norton Disney, Line, c. 1580; Paston, Norfolk, c. 1580; 
 Yealmpton, Devon., 1580; Pinner, Middlesex, 1580; Hales- 
 worth, Suffolk, 1581 ; Lee, Kent, 1582 ; Margate, Kent, 1582 ; 
 Camberwell, Surrey, 1582; W^alkern, Herts., 1583 ; and Aveley, 
 Essex, 1584. About ten of these fragments belong to the four- 
 teenth century and chiefly show canopy work, as at Pottesgrove, 
 Mawgan-in-Pyder, two very fine pieces, Stondon Massey, Isle- 
 worth, Ewelme, and Haseley. A portion of an armed figure 
 together with canopy work and inscription occurs at Constan- 
 tine ; a complete inscription at Tolleshunt Darcy ; part of a 
 lady with canopy work at Harrow ; and a portion of a civilian 
 at Winestead. About eight belong to the fifteenth century, 
 as at Cookham, mostly canopy and diaper work ; at Yeal- 
 hampton, the upper portion of an oblong plate with soul of 
 the deceased in a sheet, the head of the person commemorated 
 and heads of his patron saints ; at Aveley and Margate, strips 
 of marginal inscriptions, the latter with scenes from the life 
 of man ; at Upminster and Bayford, portions of figures ; at 
 Walkern, inscriptions and heraldry ; and at Paston, inscription 
 and head of a figure. From eighteen to twenty belong to the 
 sixteenth century and comprise various designs, as at Mawgan- 
 in-Pyder, heraldry and portions of figures ; Stondon Massey,
 
 heraldry; Walkern, children; Aylesford, Westerham, and Ox- 
 ford, St. Peter, canopy work^ Erith and Isleworth, heraldry; 
 Norton Disney, West Lavington, and Oxford, St, Mary Mag- 
 dalen, inscriptions; Hackney, Norwich, St. Peter Mancroft, 
 Denham (Suffolk), Hadleigh, Halesworth, and Camberwell, 
 portions of figures, some with canopy work and some with 
 bits of inscriptions. Some brasses are made up of fragments 
 of various dates, as at Stondon Massey, a mixture of fourteenth 
 and sixteenth century work ; and at Walkern, where no fewer 
 than four brasses of various dates have been made use of to 
 build up the Humberstone memorial. On the other hand the 
 brass at St. Peter-in-the-East, Oxford, is entirely, with the 
 exception of a part of the children, cut out of one plate, the 
 various pieces fitting together and forming the greater part 
 of a canopy. 
 
 In three cases only have pieces of the same Flemish brass 
 been found in different churches, viz., at Up cmircn , Essex, 
 and Bayford, Herts., where are portions of the figure of an 
 abbot or bishop, the later side in each case bearing date 1545; 
 at Erith, Kent, and Isleworth, Middlesex, portions of an heraldic 
 device, the obverses dating respectively 1574 and 1575; and at 
 Norton Disney, Line, and West Lavington, Wilts., portions of 
 a long inscription recording the foundation of a mass, the date, 
 1518, appearing on the Disney piece, whilst the name of the 
 church, Westmonstre, is preserved on the Lavington fragment. 
 
 The re-use of brasses was not entirely confined to sepulchral 
 monuments, for amongst the collections of the Society of Anti- 
 quaries is a late seventeenth century clock, the face of which 
 is cut out of a memorial inscription, and a sundial made by 
 R. Treswell in 1582, exhibited at the Bristol Meeting of the 
 Archaeological Institute in 1851, bears on its reverse a portion 
 of an emaciated and shrouded figure extended on a mattress. 
 Occasionally palimpsest stones are found, as at Morley, Derby- 
 shire, probably spoil from the neighbouring abbey of Dale. 
 The fine series of garter plates preserved in St. George's 
 Chapel, Windsor, contains four palimpsest examples, the 
 helms and crests of three plates having been turned over and 
 re-engraved, whilst the fourth bears on its reverse an unfinished 
 design for another plate. ^ 
 
 ' See W. II. St. J. Hope's Siall Plates of Knighls of the Garter, and Proc. 
 Soi. Antiq., 2 S. vol. xviii. p. 14S.
 
 Index. 
 
 '?o 
 
 25 
 
 INDEX OF NAMES AND PLACES. 
 
 • •• ■ 
 
 39 
 
 . 
 
 125 
 
 
 203 
 
 • 97. 99, 
 
 184 
 
 . 56, 208, 
 
 221 
 
 
 8 
 
 34. 
 
 217 
 
 
 30 
 
 ■. 162, 
 
 218 
 
 . 
 
 199 
 
 
 157 
 
 ;holas... 
 
 75 
 
 , ... 
 
 120 
 
 62 
 
 223 
 
 I'AGE 
 
 Abbott, Thomas ... 
 Adderley (Salop.) 
 Additions and Corrections 
 Adrianson, Adrian 
 Aldenham (Herts.) 
 Aldermaston (Berks.) 
 Alleyn, Ailse, 34 ; John 
 Amiens (France) ... 
 Ampton (Suff.) ... 
 Andrew, W. J. ... 
 Anne of Bf)hemia, Queen 
 Annesley, Isabel, 75 ; Nicholas 
 Anthony (Cornwall) 
 Antiquaries, Society of 
 Arundell, Cicily, 24 ; Edward, 
 
 25 ; George, 22 ; Isabel, 22 
 
 Jane, 23; Mary 
 Arundell of Wardour, Lord 
 Ashover (Derby) ... 
 Ashton, Steeple (Wilts.) 
 Astley (Warw.) ... 
 Aston, arms of 
 Aston, Isabel, 160; John 
 Atkinson, Annes, 149 ; Richard 
 Attilhurgh, Margaret, 74 ; 
 
 William 
 
 Austin, Thomas ... 
 Avantage, John, bishop 
 
 Amiens ... 
 Aveley (Essex) ... ... 31 
 
 Awodde, Dyones, 175; John 
 Aylesbury (Bucks.) 
 
 Aylesford (Kent) 69, 
 
 Ayscough, Jane ... 
 
 26, 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 218 
 188 
 181 
 161 
 160 
 149 
 
 74, 218 
 178,219 
 of 
 
 ... 30 
 , 90, 222 
 
 - 175 
 
 150, 220 
 
 222, 223 
 
 96, 97 
 
 Babham, John, 5 ; Mary ... 5 
 Babington, Sir Anthony, 76 ; 
 
 Elizabeth, 76 ; Isabel, 26 ; 
 
 John, 26 ; Thomas ... 26, 218 
 
 Bacon, Adam de ... ... .. 125 
 
 Ball, Chrystian, 65 ; Elizabeth, 
 
 65 ; John 65 
 
 Bardolf, Elizabeth, I19; Lord... 119 
 
 Barett, arms of ... ... ... 32 
 
 Barett, Charles, 31 ; Chiistian, 
 
 31 ; Edward ... ... ... 31 
 
 Barlee, George, lOl ; William ... loi 
 
 Barley (Herts.) ... ... ... 209 
 
 Barton, Walter ... ... ...7, 220 
 
 Basle (Switzerland) ... ... 30 
 
 Bassett, Elizabeth, 28 ; Jane, 147 ; 
 
 Thomas, 147 ; William ... 28 
 Bave, James, 169; Kateline ... 169 
 Bayfield, Mr. ... 134, 141, 21 1, 213 
 Bayford (Herts.)... 57, 58, 222, 223 
 Baynlun, Joan, 59 ; Thomas ... 59 
 Beauchamp, John, 158, 159; Mar- 
 garet, 159; Roger 159 
 
 Beauchamp of Bletso, arms of ... 158 
 Beaufort, John, duke of Somerset 159 
 Bederenden, John ... 72, 217 
 
 Bedfordshire ... ... ... i 
 
 Bedingfield, Anne, 115; Anthony, 
 
 163 ; Sir Edmund, 163 ; Eustace 115 
 Bellamy, Dorothy, 103 ; William 103 
 Bellingham, arms of ... ... loi 
 
 Bellingham, Anne, 100; David, 
 
 100; Elizabeth, 10; Walter... 10 
 Benstede, arms of ... ... 63 
 
 Berkhampstead, Great (Hert=.) 59, 221 
 Berkshire ... ... ... ... 4 
 
 Berners, Leonard, 35 ; Mary, 35 ; 
 
 William 35 
 
 Berry, arms of ... ... ... 136 
 
 Berwick (Northumb.) ... ... 6, 7 
 
 Beryff, Dame Alice, 32 ; Mar- 
 garet 32 
 
 Betchworth (Surrey) ... ... 166 
 
 Bisham Priory (Berks.) ... 6, 7, 220 
 Blackburgh Priory (Norf. j 119, 220 
 Blenerhasset, arms of ... 129, 130 
 Blenerhasset, Jane, 128 ; John, 
 
 128, 129 ; Ralph 118 
 
 Blewbury, Berks. .. ... ... 4 
 
 BIythe, John 183 
 
 Boileau, Sir M. ... ... ... 199 
 
 Boleyn, Alice, 135; Sir William 135 
 Bolingbroke, L. G. ... ... 133 
 
 Bonde, Anne, 108; William ... 108 
 Boothe, Alice, 87 ; Sir John ... 87 
 Boston (Line.) ... ... 93, 21S 
 
 Botery, see BiUtry. 
 
 Bouchier, John, Earl of Bath, 29 ; 
 
 Lady Elizabeth ... ... 29 
 
 Bowcer, see Bouchier. 
 
 Bowden, Great (Leic). ... 89, 221 
 
 Bownell, Mardocheus, 100; Nich- 
 olas, 100; Thomas ... ... 100 
 
 Bownyng, Millicent, 142, 213 ; 
 Walter... ... ... 142, 213
 
 226 
 
 Index. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Boys, John de ... ... ... 44 
 
 Braughing (Herts.) ... 60, 218 
 
 Braunton (Devon.) ... 29, 221 
 
 Braytoft, Joan, 94 ; John ... 94 
 
 Bredham, Anne, 8, 217; Thomas, 
 
 8, 217 
 Brierly, Laurence ... ... 204 
 
 Brightlingsea (Essex) ... 32,215 
 
 Bristol (GIouc), Temple Church 53, 217 
 British Museum, see London. 
 Bromham (Beds.) ... ...i, 
 
 Brook, Agatha, 178; Henry de, 
 
 127; John 
 
 Broughton, John ... 
 
 Brouncker, Henry 
 
 Brown, arms of ... 
 
 Browne, John, 165 ; Margery, 
 
 163 ; Richard, 163 ; William 
 Bruges (Belgium), The Beguinage, 
 
 89 ; The Cathedral 
 Bryckett, Robert... 
 Buchanan, George 
 Buckinghamshire. . . 
 Bullen, Sir Thomas 
 Bullock, arms of ... 
 Bullock, Ralph ,.. 
 Bulstrode, Edward, 14 ; Margaret, 
 
 14, 220 
 Burgundy, arms of ... ... 38 
 
 Burgundy, Dukes of, 38 ; Isabel, 
 
 214 
 
 178 
 
 158 
 
 187 
 
 51 
 
 163 
 
 169 
 
 . 209 
 
 . 198 
 
 .8, 203 
 
 21 
 
 • 191 
 191 
 
 Duchess of, 30 ; Mary of 
 
 
 38 
 
 Burneshead, arms of 
 
 • • . 
 
 lOI 
 
 Burwell (Cambs.) 
 
 18, 
 
 219 
 
 Bury St. Edmund's (Suff.) 
 
 162, 
 
 221 
 
 Buttry, Ele or Ede, 134, 
 
 215; 
 
 
 "William... 
 
 
 134 
 
 Buttyll, John 
 
 
 70 
 
 Bycklay, William 
 
 • . . 
 
 176 
 
 Byrde, Henry 
 
 ... 
 
 75 
 
 Calthorpe, arms of ... 129, 130 
 
 Calthorpe, Dame Jane, 128 ; Sir 
 
 Philip 128 
 
 Caly, John 146, 219 
 
 Camberwell (Surrey) 168, 221, 222, 223 
 Cambridge, Queens' College 19, 221 
 Cambridgeshire ... ... ... 18 
 
 Camoys, Lady, 174; Lord ... 174 
 
 Campsey Ash (SufF.) 134 
 
 Carrew, Temperance, 120 ; Sir 
 
 Wymond ... ... ... 120 
 
 Carter, Alice, 63 ; William 63, 218 
 Castell, arms of ... ... ... 108 
 
 Cater, Margery ... ... ... 6 
 
 Cave, Anthony, 9 ; Elizabeth ... 9 
 
 Cerff, John 91 
 
 Chalfont St. Giles (Bucks.) ...8, 217 
 Chalfont St. Peter (Bucks.) ...9, 215 
 Chambre, John de la ... 178,220 
 Chapman, Alice, 31,208; John, 
 
 31, 207, 208, 217 
 
 PAGE 
 
 ••• 155 
 ... 105 
 170, 221 
 
 Eliza- 
 
 143 
 
 Chartham (Kent) 
 
 Chase, William ... 
 Cheam (Surrey) ... 
 Chechester, Edward, 29 
 
 beth 
 
 Checkendon (Oxon.) 
 
 Cheddar (Somerset.) 
 
 Cheddar, Sir Thomas 
 
 Cheshire ... 
 
 Chester, Holy Trinity .. 
 
 Chicheley (Bucks.) 
 
 Chy . . . , Thomas 
 
 Chyttok, John 
 
 Cinque Ports, arms of ,. 
 
 Cla . . . , Thomas 
 
 Claydon, Middle (Bucks.) 
 
 Clere, Alice, 135, 215 ; Sir Robert 
 
 13s 
 Clerk, Elizabeth, 47 ; Jenkyn, 47 ; 
 
 Robert 
 
 Cleves, arms of, 38 ; dukes of 
 
 29 
 
 221 
 
 ■• 153 
 
 ■■ 153 
 
 20 
 
 20, 221 
 
 9, 220 
 
 .. 74 
 
 .. 148 
 
 •• 73 
 19 
 
 ..9, 220 
 
 215 
 
 55 
 ... 38 
 1 16, 222 
 
 Cley (Norfolk) 
 
 Clifford of Frampton, arms of ... 1 50 
 
 Clifton Campville (Staffs.) 155, 218 
 
 Clippesby (Norfolk) 116 
 
 Clock with palimpsest face ... 223 
 Ccbbe, Margaret, 146; Robert... 146 
 Cobham (Kent) ... ... ... 70 
 
 Cobham (Surrey).., 172, 213, 221 
 
 Cod, Thomas ... ... 82, 219 
 
 Colchester Museum (Essex) ... 32 
 
 Cole, Arthur 146 
 
 Constantine (Cornwall) ... 21, 203, 222 
 Cookham (Berks.) ... 5, 222 
 
 Cookley (Suff.) 163,218 
 
 Copleston, Isabel, 29; John ... 29 
 
 Cornwall ... 21, 203 
 
 Cornwall family, arms of ... loi 
 
 Cotton, Maud, 26, 27 ; Richard 27 
 
 Couhill, Elizabeth 
 
 Courtenay, arms of 
 
 Coventry, arms of. . . 
 
 Coverledge, 
 
 Cranford (Middsx.) 
 
 Creke, Lady 
 
 Cressey, arms of ... 
 
 Cressey, Thomas ... 
 
 Croxden Abbey (Staffs.)... 
 
 Crugge, Barbara, 18 1 ; John, 181 ; 
 
 \\'illiam... 
 Cumberland 
 Curzon, Isabel, 153, 216; Walter 
 
 153 
 Cuxton (Kent) 70 
 
 ••• 75 
 
 ... 170 
 
 ... 210 
 
 ... 74 
 
 100, 221 
 
 ... 27 
 
 . . . 209 
 
 ... 158 
 28, 220 
 
 181 
 25 
 
 216 
 221 
 
 Dale Abbey (Derby.) ... 26, 204, 223 
 Dalison, George, 95, 215 ; William 
 
 95. 215 
 Dalton, Alice, 77, 218 ; John 77, 218 
 Darcy, arms of ... ... ... 45
 
 Index. 
 
 227 
 
 Daicy, Anthony, 43, 44 ; Katherine 
 
 43; Thomas ... ... ... 43 
 
 Dauntesay, arms of ... ... 187 
 
 Dauntesay, Ambrose, 187 ; Ger- 
 trude, 187 ; John, 99, 184, 185 ; 
 
 Margaret 185 
 
 Denchworth (Berks.) ... 6, 220 
 
 Dencort, Alice, 47 ; Annes, 47 ; 
 Elizabeth, 47 ; Ellen, 47 ; 
 
 Richard, 47 ; Robert, 47 ; Roger 50 
 
 Denham (Bucks.) 10, 220 
 
 Denham (Suffolk) 163, 213, 222, 223 
 
 Derby, Margaret, Countess of ... 107 
 Derbyshire ... ... 26, 204 
 
 Derelicts ... ... ... ... 201 
 
 Dering, Sir Edward, 85 ; James 84 
 
 Dethyk, Isabel, 26 ; Robert ... 26 
 
 Devonshire ... ... ... 29 
 
 Disney, Jane, 96 ; Margaret, 96 ; 
 
 Nele, 96 ; Richard, 96 ; William 96 
 Dolman, Elizabeth, 189 ; Peter, 
 189; Phillip, 189; Richard, 
 
 189; Timothy 189 
 
 Dorsetshire ... ... 30, 207 
 
 Dove, arms of ... ... ... 168 
 
 Dove, John, 168; Margaret ... 168 
 
 Downe (Kent) 72, 217 
 
 Draper, Anne, 73; John, 115; 
 
 Margery, 115; William ... 73 
 
 Drye, 138 
 
 Dummer (Hants.) ... 53, 221 
 
 Durham ... ... ... ... 31 
 
 Dymoke, Sir Lionel ... 94, 221 
 
 Dyve, arms of ... ... ... 2 
 
 Dyve, Elizabeth, 2 ; Isabel, 2 ; 
 
 Sir John ... ... 2, 215 
 
 Eastwick (Herts.) ... 60, 221 
 
 Echyngham, Elizabeth, 178 ; 
 
 Margaret, 178 ; Thomas, 178 ; 
 
 Sir Thomas, 153; Sir William 153 
 Edgcomb, Thomas ... ... 14 
 
 Edinburgh, St. Giles 197 
 
 Edward III., King ... 6, 220 
 
 Ellenbridge, arms of .. ... 170 
 
 EUesborough (Bucks.) ... ... 13 
 
 Elyes, William ... ... 117, 212 
 
 English, Isabel, 145, 219; 
 
 Thomas... ... ... 145, 219 
 
 Erith (Kent) 73, 108, 209, 222, 223 
 Ernley, John, 185 ; Margaret ... 185 
 Esscheric, Margaret, 30; Peter... 30 
 Essex ... ... ... ... 31 
 
 Etchingham (Sussex) 153, 156, 178, 219 
 Eton College (Bucks.) 14, 203, 220, 221 
 Everode, Anne, 120; Henry ... 120 
 Ewelme (Oxon.) ... ... 144, 221 
 
 Fabiller, Peter 
 Fairclyffe, William 
 Farley, S 
 
 55 
 162 
 
 189 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Fastolf, arms of ... ... ... 127 
 
 Fastolf, Sir John, 127 ; Milicent 127 
 Faversham (Kent) ... 73, 221 
 
 Felmingham (Norfolk) 117, 212, 221 
 Fenner, Joan, 174, 215 ; John ... 174 
 Fingringhoe (Essex) ... 34, 217 
 
 Fitzadrian, arms of ... ... 167 
 
 Fitzherbert, Sir Anthony, 26, 220 ; 
 
 Jane, 147; Maud, 26; Robert 147 
 Fitzlangley, arms of ... ... 45 
 
 Fladbury (Wore.) 82 
 
 Flanders, arms of... ... ... 38 
 
 Flemish fragments re-used, 4, 5, 22, 23, 
 24, 25, 29, 32, 36, 40, 45. 48, 53, 58, 
 66, 69, 73, 75, 79, 87, 89, 94, 97, 99, 
 104, 106, 107, 113, 115, 116, 133, 
 135. 136, 137, T39, 141, 142, 144, 
 147, 149, 163, 164, 166, 169, 182, 
 184, 188, 192, 196, 197, 200, 202, 
 203, 209, 210, 212, 221, 222, 223 
 Fliit, Elizabeth, 79 ; Thomas ... 79 
 
 Flitton (Beds.) 3, 220 
 
 Force, figure of ... ... ... 70 
 
 Forster, Sir George ... ... 8 
 
 Fortescue, Agnes, 29: Henry, 29; 
 Isabel ... ... ... ... 29 
 
 Fortitude, figure of ... ... 70 
 
 Franki.she, Anthony, 103 ; Dor- 
 othy 103 
 
 Frene, Anne ... ... 152, 219 
 
 Frenze (Norfolk) 117,219 
 
 Friar, figure of ... .., ... 13 
 
 Fromondes, arms of ... 170, 172 
 Fromondes, Bartholomew, 172; 
 
 Elizabeth, 170; Thomas ... 170 
 Frowick, Thomas ... ... 167 
 
 Fryerning (Essex) ... 35, 221 
 
 Fyscher, Isabel ... ... 146, 219 
 
 Gardener, Richard ... ... 138 
 
 Garter, Order of ... ... 20, 221, 223 
 
 Garter plates, palimpsest ... 223 
 
 Gedge, James, 35 ; Mary ... 35 
 
 Gee, Henry ... ... ... 20 
 
 Geffray, William ... ... 74,218 
 
 Gerard, Petet ... ... ... 80 
 
 Gerbridge, arms of ... ... 136 
 
 Gerveys, Jane, 21 ; Richard ... 21 
 Ghent Museum ... ... ... 89 
 
 Gloucestershire ... ... ... 53 
 
 Godmersham (Kent) ... 74, 218 
 
 Goldyngham, Elizabeth, 121 ; 
 
 John 121 
 
 Golword, Katherine, 119; Robert 
 
 119, 220 
 
 Goring (Oxon.) 144, 218 
 
 Gorney, Agnes, 15 ; Thomas 15, 217 
 Grantchester (Canibs.) ... ... 20 
 
 Graveney (Kent) ... ... ... 74 
 
 Gray, James, goldsmith ... ... 19S 
 
 Grene, Richard, 60 ; Thomas ... 60
 
 .2-28 
 
 Index. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Grey, Anne de, 120 ; Edmund de, 
 120; Temperance de, 120; 
 Thomas de ... ... 120,213 
 
 Grinstead, West (Sussex) 153, 156 
 Gryse family, 66, 68 ; arms of ... 68 
 Guildhall Museum, see London 
 
 Gunhy (Line.) 94, 215 
 
 Gyft'ard, Mary, 9 ; Roger ... 9 
 
 Gyfforde, John, 113; Susan ... 113 
 
 Hackney (Middsx.) 209, 214, 22?, 223 
 
 Hadleigh (Suffolk) 
 Hale, 
 
 ...164, 222, 223 
 ... 51 
 165,222,223 
 ••• 153 
 
 Halesworth (Suffolk) 
 Halsham, Sir Hugh 
 Halvergate (Norfolk) 
 
 118, 119, 212, 220 
 Hamden, Alice, 146; Richard... 
 Hampshire 
 Hanson, Robert ... 
 Hare, Alice, 125 ; William 
 Harefield (Middsx.) 
 Harlington (Middsx.) 
 Harman, Anne, 73, 
 
 Thomas... 
 Harrow (Middsx.) 
 Harsyk, Alice, 141 
 
 108, 
 
 IOC), 
 
 209; 
 
 221 
 146 
 53 
 9>2i5 
 125 
 181 
 221 
 
 71, 
 222 
 
 Sir 
 
 103 
 Roger, 
 141, 218, 221 
 
 182, 222 
 
 Haseley (Warw.) 
 Hastings, Isabel, 2 ; Sir Ralph... 
 Hatteclyf, Isabel, 75 ; Thomas... 
 Haugh, Isabel, 14 ; Margaret, 14; 
 
 Walter 14, 203, 
 
 Hawnsard, Richard 
 
 Havvlrey, arms of 
 
 Hawtrey, Sybill, 13 ; Thomas ... 
 
 Hay, Anne, 4 ; John, 3 ; Isabel, 
 
 3> 4, 
 Hayward, Richard 
 Hedgerley (Bucks.) ... 14, 
 
 Hemgrave, arms of 
 Henry VII., King 
 Herefordshire 
 Heriz, arms of 
 Heron, John 
 Hertfordshire 
 Hertingfordbury (Herts.) 
 Hethersett, arms of 
 
 Hever (Kent) 
 
 Heyford, Nether (Northants.) 
 
 Hey ford, arms of... 
 
 Heyford, Elizabeth 
 
 Hildyard, Sir Christopher, 196 ; 
 
 Joan ... 197 
 
 Hilton, arms of ... ... ... 191 
 
 Hoath (Kent) 75 
 
 Hobson, William 70 
 
 Holgote, Margaret 146 
 
 Holingworth, Rainold ... ... 36 
 
 Holland, Edward, 106 ; Frances 
 
 106, 209 
 
 2 
 75 
 
 220 
 
 148 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 217 
 
 85 
 220, 221 
 
 ... 136 
 
 ... 159 
 
 ... 56 
 ... 76 
 ... 116 
 56, 208 
 ... 62 
 
 ... 136 
 21 
 
 218 
 142 
 142 
 
 142, 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Horley (Surrey) 174, 215 
 
 Horncastle (Line.) ... 94, 221 
 
 Home, arms of. .. ... ... 150 
 
 Home, Edmund, 150; Elizabeth, 
 
 150,220; William ... ... 95 
 
 Hotman, arms of... ... ... 133 
 
 Howden (Yorks.) ... 189, 221 
 
 Humberstone, Annas, 66 ; Ed- 
 ward, 66 ; John, 65, 66 ; Richard 
 
 65, 220 
 Humfre, Joan, 59 ; Thomas 
 Huntingdonshire... 
 Hussey, arms of ... 
 Hussey, Nele 
 Hyde, Margery, 6 ; William 
 
 
 59 
 
 
 69 
 
 
 209 
 
 ...96,97 
 
 ...6, 
 
 220 
 
 190, 
 
 221 
 
 145. 
 
 219 
 
 .., 
 
 197 
 
 
 10 
 
 Ilkley (Yorks.) Museum... 
 
 Ipsden (Oxon.) ... 
 
 Ireland 
 
 Ireland, King of Arms ... 
 
 Isleworth (Middsx.) 
 
 105, 106, 209, 222, 223 
 
 Jobsun, John ... ... ... 96 
 
 Joiner, Margaret ... ... ... 96 
 
 Jones, Thomas, 17; Ursula ... 17 
 
 Jordan, Giles, 91, 218 ; Margaret 91 
 
 Keldon, arms of ... ... 129, 130 
 
 Keleatt, arms of ... ... ... ibS 
 
 Keleatt, Margaret, 168 ; Matthew 168 
 
 Kent 69, 209 
 
 Kilham, arms of ... ... ... 191 
 
 King's Langley (Herts.)... 63, 218 
 
 Knevynton, Ralph de ... ... 90 
 
 Knighton, John ... ... ... 57 
 
 La Marck, arms of ... ■ ... 38 
 
 Lancashire ... ... ... 87 
 
 Langford (Berks.) 145 
 
 Langley, arms of ... ... ... 74 
 
 Langley, Kings (Herts.)... 63, 218 
 
 Lansame, Lizebette, 79 ; Pieter 79 
 Lascelles, arms of ... ... 191 
 
 Latton, Anne, 4; John ... ... 4 
 
 Laughton (Line), ... 95, 215 
 
 Lavington, West (Wilts.) 97, 184, 
 
 221, 222, 223 
 Lawrence, John ... .. 18,219 
 
 Leach, arms of ... ... ... 136 
 
 Lee (Kent), St. Margaret 75, 222 
 
 Lee, Alice, 144; Ambrose, 200; 
 
 Henry, 144; Joan, 60; Robert 60 
 Le Grys, Anthony, 140 ; Robert, 
 
 140; Susan, 140; Thomas ... 140 
 Leicestershire ... ... .. 89 
 
 Lincoln, St. Mary-le-Wigford, 95, 
 
 96; see of, arms of ... ... 170 
 
 Lincolnshire ... ... ... 93 
 
 Liiistcd (Suffolk) 120
 
 Index, 
 
 229 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Lisle, Elizabeth, 91, 218; Joan, 
 
 91 ; Otuel 91 
 
 Littleton (Middsx.) ... 108,221 
 Litton Cheyney (Dorset.), 30, 207, 217 
 London, All Hallows Barkin^j, 
 108, 221 ; British Museum, 52, 
 III, 112, 113, 166, 211, 212, 
 213; Charterhouse, 7, 220; 
 Guildhall Museum, 113; St. 
 Michael, Crooked Lane, 65, 
 220 ; Society of Antiquaries of 
 
 62, 223 
 Long, John, 56, 208 ; Margery... 56 
 Longespee, arms of ... ... 142 
 
 Loughborough (Leic.) ... 90, 218 
 
 Louvaine, arms of ... ... 137 
 
 Lovekyn, John ... ... 65,220 
 
 Lovell, arms of ... ... lOi, 158 
 
 Lovell, Anne, 100; Elizabeth, 9 ; 
 
 Gregory, 100; Thouias ... 9 
 
 Lowdham, arms of, 117, I2Q, 130 
 
 Lubeck (Germany) ... ... 169 
 
 Lucy, arms of ... ... ... 191 
 
 Luton (Beds.) 3, 217 
 
 Lydd (Kent) 46 
 
 Lymsey, arms of ... ... ... 210 
 
 Lymsey, John, 209; Margaret ... 209 
 
 Lynn (Norf.) Museum 201 
 
 Lyons, arms of ... ... ... 2 
 
 Magewik, Alice ... ... ... 53 
 
 Magnus, arms of, 194 ; rebus of 192 
 Magnus, Thomas... ... ... 192 
 
 Mailing, West (Kent) ... 76, 221 
 
 Manchester Cathedral ... 87, 221 
 
 Manfelde, Agnes, 16 ; Katherine, 
 
 16; Robert, 16; Thomas ... 16 
 Manvers, arms of... ... ... 76 
 
 Margate (Kent), 77, 79, 209, 218, 222 
 
 Marks, Deborah 188 
 
 Marsburgh, Joan ... ... ... 63 
 
 Marsham, Elizabeth, 122 ; John 
 
 122, 219 
 Massyngberd, Joan, 94, 215 ; Sir 
 Thomas... ... ... 94,215 
 
 Mauntell, Elizabeth, 142 ; John 
 
 142, 218 
 Mautby, arms of ... ... ... 137 
 
 Mawgan-in-Pyder (Cornwall), 22, 
 
 23, 24, 25, 222 
 Maycot, Agnes, 75 ; Anthony ... 75 
 Melksham (Wilts.) ... 187,218 
 
 Melman, Geoffrey ... ... 139 
 
 Melton, arms of ... ... ... 191 
 
 Mercers' Company, arms of, 50, 
 
 125, 127 
 Merchants' Marks ... 167, 170 
 
 Merton (Norfolk), I20, 212, 213, 221 
 
 Middleburgh (Zeeland) 99 
 
 Middlesex... ... ... 100, 209 
 
 Mildmay, Christian, 31 ; Sir Walter 31 
 
 PACE 
 
 Minster, Isle of Shcppey (Kent) 
 
 79. 219 
 
 Missenden, Little (Bucks.) ... 9 
 
 Monk, figure of ... ... ... I18 
 
 Monmouthshire ... ... ... I15 
 
 Montacute, arms of ... ... 142 
 
 Montacute, William de. Earl of 
 
 Salisbury ... ... 142, 218 
 
 Montagu, Sir William de ... 6, 7 
 
 Moone, Robert ... ... ... 117 
 
 Moote, John, Abbot of St Alban's 63 
 
 Mordon, Thomas... ... ... 82 
 
 More, Mary, 5; Raffe 5 
 
 Morland (Westmorland)... 183, 221 
 
 Morley (Derby) 204, 223 
 
 Motesfont, John ... ... ... 4(5 
 
 Mugginton (Derby) ... ... 157 
 
 Munter, Joris de ... ... ... 169 
 
 Myddilton, Dorothy, 87 ; Eliza- 
 beth, 87 ; William 87 
 
 Myller, Maryon 47 
 
 Narburgh (Norfolk) ... 121, 221 
 
 Necton (Norfolk) 29 
 
 Nevell, Sir Edward ... ... 182 
 
 Newdegate, Amphelicia, 182 ; 
 
 John 182 
 
 Newpton, John, 31, 207, 217 ; 
 Thomas... ... ...31,207,217 
 
 Norbury (Derby.) ... 26, 220 
 
 Norfolk 116, 212 
 
 Northamptonshire ... ... 142 
 
 Northolt (Middsx.) 113, 212, 221 
 
 Northumberland ... ... ... 142 
 
 Northwode, Sir John de... 79,219 
 
 Norton Disney (Line), 96, 185, 
 
 222, 223 
 Nottinghamshire... ... ... 142 
 
 Norwich, St. James, 134 ; St. 
 John Maddermarket, 122, 123, 
 212, 219, 220, 221 ; St. Martin- 
 at-Palace, 128, 212, 221 ; St. 
 Paul, 134 ; St. Peter Mancroft, 
 44, 131, 212, 222, 223 ; St. 
 Stephen, 134, 215; Strangers' 
 
 Hall r.j, 134, 212 
 
 Nun, figur^^ ... ... ... 123 
 
 Odiham (Hants.) 55.221 
 
 Okeover (Statil's.), 155, 214, 215, 216 
 Oker, arms of, 161 ; crest of ... 160 
 Oker, Humphrey, 160, 216 ; 
 
 Isabel ... ... ... 160, 216 
 
 Ormesby, Great (Norfolk), 135, 
 
 2 12, 21 
 Orion, arms of ... ... 129, 13 
 
 Oulton (Suffolk) 12 
 
 Our Lord in Majesty ... ... 8 
 
 Oxenbrigg, Agnes, 17S ; Robert 17
 
 230 
 
 Index. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Oxford, Magdalen College Chapel, 
 146, 219, 221 ; St. Mary Mag- 
 dalen, 146, 222, 223 ; St. Peter- 
 in-the-East, ... 148, 222, 223 
 
 Oxfordshire ... ... ... I43 
 
 Page, Edmund, 82 ; Eleanor ... 82 
 Palimpsests, classes of ... ... 214 
 
 Parker, Sir Nicholas, 179 ; Robert 179 
 Paston (Norfolk), 136, 212, 213, 222 
 Paston, armsof ... ... ... 136 
 
 Paston. Erasmus, 136,213 ; Mary 136 
 
 Pate, Elynor, 61 ; John 61 
 
 Patshull, arms of... ... ... 158 
 
 Patshull, Sybil, 159; William de 159 
 Peche, arms of ... ... ... 136 
 
 Peckham, Amphillis, 10 ; Sir 
 
 Edmund 10 
 
 Pecok, Isabel, 209; Thomas ... 209 
 Pembeiton, Elizabeth, 64 ; Roger 64 
 
 Penshurst (Kent) 82, 221 
 
 Percy, Sir Henry 120 
 
 Perepoynt, arms of ... ... 76 
 
 Perepoynt, Elizabeth, 76; George 76 
 Pever, Mary, 158; Thomas ... 158 
 Peyver, arms of ... ... ... 137 
 
 Pickenham, arms of ... ... 210 
 
 Pickenham, Margaret 209 
 
 Pierpont, see Perepoynt. 
 
 Pinner (Middsx.) 115,222 
 
 Playdell, Mary, 145, Thoby ... I45 
 
 Pluckley (Kent) 85 
 
 Plumstead (Norfolk) 125 
 
 Pollestede, Henry 176 
 
 Popham, arms of... ... ... 8 
 
 Popham, Sir John, 7, 220; Sir 
 
 Stephen... .•• 8 
 
 Porter, 5^ 
 
 Potter, Alice, 86 ; Anne, 86 ; 
 
 Elizabeth, 86; Richard ... 86 
 
 Pottesgrove (Beds.) ... 4,222 
 
 Powndall, Philemon 84 
 
 Private Possession I99 
 
 Prunes, Mary, 145 ; Walter, 144, 
 
 145, 218 
 
 Prykke, Robert 26,218 
 
 Pursglove, Robert, Bishop of Hull 204 
 
 Pury, Nicholas 175- 218 
 
 Pyke, John 13.221 
 
 Quarrendon (Bucks.) 
 Quythed, Thomas 
 
 200 
 III 
 
 Radclyffe, Sir Alexander, 87 ; 
 
 Alice 87 
 
 Rademelde, John 178 
 
 Randolf, Anne, 134; Thomas ... 134 
 Ranworth (Norfolk) ... 137. 221 
 
 Ratford, John 168 
 
 Reading (Berks.), St. Lawrence, 7, 220 
 
 FAGE 
 
 Rede, Cristine, 143 ; Edmund, 
 
 143 ; John, 143; Peter 44, 131 
 
 Remington, Elizabeth, 189 ; 
 
 Richard 189 
 
 Resurrection, The ... ... 15 
 
 I\eynald, John ... ... ... 190 
 
 Robinson, Jennet, 190 ; William 190 
 Rochester (Kent), arms of, 83 ; 
 
 St. Margaret 82, 219 
 
 Rochester, Elizabeth, 40 ; William, 40 
 
 Rodmell (Susse.x) 178,220 
 
 Rogers, arms of ... ... ... 2 
 
 Rotherham (Yorks.) 191 
 
 Rowane, David ... ... ... 198 
 
 Roytel, John 198 
 
 Rugge, arms of ... ... ... 125 
 
 Rugge, Alice, 125 ; Elizabeth, 
 123, 124, 125, 127 ; Robert, 
 123, 124, 125, 220; William... 125 
 
 Rutland 154 
 
 Ruwescuere, Griel Van ... ... ^89 
 
 Ryckhill, arms of 210 
 
 Sacheverell, Sir Henry, 204 ; 
 
 Isabel 204 
 
 Sadler, arms of ... ... ... 187 
 
 Sadler, Gertrude, 187 ; Henry... 187 
 Saffron Walden (Essex) Museum 
 
 40, 60, 61 
 St. Albans (Herts.), The Abbey, 
 
 63, 217 ; St. Peter 64 
 
 St. Benet Hulme (Norfolk), Abbey 
 
 of 127, 220 
 
 St. John, arms of 158 
 
 St. John, Edith 159 ; Elizabeth, 
 
 156, 158, 159; John, 159; 
 
 Mary, 159; Sir Oliver . 158, 159 
 
 St. Margaret I43 
 
 Salhouse (Norfolk) ... 138, 212 
 
 Salisbury (Wilts.), St. Thomas ... 187 
 
 Sail (Norfolk) 139. 212, 221 
 
 Salter, Elizabeth, 8, 217 ; John 8, 217 
 Sanderstead (Surrey) ... 175.218 
 Saunders, Isabel, 4, 153 ; Robert, 
 
 153 ; William 4 
 
 ^avell, John 69 
 
 Scales, Elizabeth, 119, 220; 
 
 Robert, 120; Thomas, Lord... 119 
 Scarborough (Vorks.) Museum ... 192 
 
 Scotland I97 
 
 Scott, Edward, 168; John ... 168 
 
 Scro..., Francis ... 163 
 
 Scrope, arms of ... ... ... I37 
 
 Scrope, John le. Lord Scrope ... 159 
 
 Selwyn, John 176, 216 
 
 Septvans, Sir Robert de 155 
 
 Ses;ay (Yorks.) 192,221 
 
 Seymour, arms of 158 
 
 Seymour, Alice, 156, 158, 216 ; 
 
 Richard 158
 
 Index. 
 
 ^31 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Shimpling (Norfolk) 140 
 
 Shipton-under-Wychwood (Oxon.) 
 
 150, 220 
 
 Shorne (Kent) 82,221 
 
 Shropshire ... ... ... I54 
 
 Sibertswould (Kent) ... ... 84 
 
 Siday, Margaret 39 
 
 Singh, Prince Frederick Duleep 130 
 Smyth, Christopher, 202 ; Thomas 
 
 77. 218 
 Somersetshire ... ... ... IS4 
 
 Somerton, arms of ... ... 136 
 
 Southacre (Norfolk), 141, 218, 221 
 
 Stacy, John ... ... ... 87 
 
 Staffordshire ... ... ... I55 
 
 Stanton St. John (Oxon.) 152, 219 
 
 Stapilton, John 145 
 
 Steeple Ashton (Wilts.) 188 
 
 Stepney, arms of ... ... ... 208 
 
 Stepney, Ralph ... ... ... 208 
 
 Sterre, Adam atte, 72 ; Marion... 72 
 Stewart, James, Earl of Murray 198 
 Steyne, Paesschine van den, 97, 99, 185 
 Stokys, Elizabeth, 14, 220 ; Robert, 14 
 Stondon Massey (Essex), 36, 222, 223 
 
 Stone (Bucks.) 15,^17 
 
 Stone, Alice, 150 ; John ... 150 
 
 Stone, palimpsest... ... 204, 223 
 
 Stourton, Edith 159 
 
 Strangman, Joan ... ... ... 52 
 
 Strethall (Essex) 39, 221 
 
 Suffolk ... 162, 213 
 
 Summary ... ... ... ... 214 
 
 Sundial, palimpsest ... 201, 223 
 Surrey ... ... ... 166, 213 
 
 Sussex ... ... ... ... 178 
 
 Suttherton, Nicholas ... 122, 212 
 Sutton, James ... ... ... 173 
 
 Swane, Alice, 118 ; Robert ... 118 
 Sydney, Sir Henry, 82 ; Lady 
 Mary, 82 ; Margaret, 82 
 
 Taillor, Rowland... ... ... 164 
 
 Tame, arms of ... ... ... 150 
 
 Tame, Elizabeth, 150; Thomas 150 
 Taplow (Bucks ) ... 16, 17 18, 221 
 
 Tattershall (Line.) 157 
 
 Tayllar, Robert 1 16 
 
 Terling (Essex) ... ... ... 40 
 
 Termond (Flanders) ... ... 30 
 
 Tharpe, Christopher ... 16, 217 
 
 Thornton, William of ... ... 192 
 
 Throckmorton, Clement, 182 ; 
 
 Katherine ... ... ... 182 
 
 Thvnne, Anne, 108 ; Francis, 1 10 ; 
 
 William 108 
 
 Ticehurst (Sussex) ... 179, 215 
 Tideswell (Derby) 204 
 
 I'AGE 
 
 221, 
 
 222 
 
 194, 
 
 de 
 15. 
 
 221 
 
 194 
 220 
 
 
 21 
 
 2or, 
 
 223 
 16 
 
 213, 
 
 174 
 221 
 166 
 
 ' ' ' 
 
 79 
 138 
 201 
 
 Tiptoft, arms of 
 
 137 
 
 Tiptoft, John, Earl of Worcester, 
 157 ; Milicent, 127 ; SirThomas 127 
 
 Tolleshunt Darcy (Essex) 
 
 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 
 
 Topcliffe (Yorks) 
 
 Topclyff, Mabel, 194; Thomas 
 Totyngton, Thomas 
 Trefusis, Jane, 21 ; Thomas 
 Treswell, R. 
 Trewonwall, Agnes 
 Trotton (Sussex) ... 
 Trunch (Norfolk) 141, 211, 
 Turner, John, 71 ; Rev. S. B. 
 Twaytts, Elizabeth 
 Tyllis, Henry 
 Tyson, W. 
 
 Upminster (Essex) 
 
 46, 47, 48, 50, 221, 222, 223 
 
 Valker, Murdoch 198 
 
 Van Lauwr family ... 66, 68 
 
 Vass, Richard ... .. ... 55 
 
 Vaughan, Lady Blanche, 108 ; 
 
 Sir Hugh 108 
 
 Verdun, Maud de, 27, 28 ; Sir 
 
 Theobaud de ... ... 27,28 
 
 Verli, arms of ... ... ... 191 
 
 Wachesham, arms of ... ... 136 
 
 Walcot, arms of ... ... ... 136 
 
 Wale, Maud le, 45, 222 ; Robert 
 
 le 45. 222 
 
 Wales 199 
 
 Walesborough, Emme, 119; John, 119 
 Walesham, Nicholas de ... ... 127 
 
 Walkern (Herts.) 
 
 65, 66, 220, 221, 222, 223 
 Walthamstow (Essex) ... 51, 221 
 
 Waltonon-Thames (Surrey) 176, 219 
 
 Walworth, Sir William 65 
 
 Wardour Castle (Wilts.)... 23, 24, 25 
 Waren, Elizabeth, 3 ; Thomas ... 3 
 Warnby, Alexander ... 31, 207, 217 
 Warwickshire ... ... ... 181 
 
 Waterhouse, John, 59 ; Margaret 59 
 Waterperry (Oxon.) ...153) 214, 215 
 Waveney river ... ... ... 166 
 
 Way, Albert 167, 214 
 
 Wayte, Ellen, 47, 58 ; Nicholas, 
 
 47, 50. 58 ; Thomas 47 
 
 Webbe, Anne, 187 ; John ... 187 
 
 Wegheschede, Jacobus ... ... 163 
 
 Welche, Annas, 66; Edward ... 66 
 
 Wells, Lord 159 
 
 Westcrham (Kent) 
 
 85, 86, 87, 221, 222, 223 
 Westley Waterless (Cambs.) ... 27 
 Westminster Abbey ... ... 157 
 
 Weslmonstre, church of... 99, 184, 223 
 
 Westmorland 
 Weyvyle, Richard 
 Whalley, Robert .. 
 
 183 
 178 
 
 19
 
 23- 
 
 ludcx. 
 
 PAGE 
 144 
 
 55 
 
 69 
 
 2 
 
 Whistler family ... 
 
 White, John 
 
 Wiat, Sir Thomas 
 
 Widville, arms of... 
 
 Widville, Alice, 2 ; Elizabeth, 2 ; 
 John, 2 ; Thomas 
 
 Wight, Isle of 
 
 Wilde, Elizabeth, 2 ; Thomas, 
 
 Willingdon (Sussex) ...' 
 
 Wilmslow (Cheshire) 
 
 Wiltshire ... 
 
 Wimbish (Essex) ... 
 
 Winchester College (Hants.) 
 
 Windham, arms of 
 
 Windham, Mary ... 
 
 Windsor (Berks.), St. George's 
 Chapel ... 
 
 Winestead (Yorks.) ... 196, 221 
 
 Winwick (Lane.) ... ... ... 80 
 
 Wolstonton, William ... 89, 221 
 
 Wood, Alice, 175 ; Harmon, 175 ; 
 James, 175 ; John, 175 ; Nicho- 
 las, 175, 218; Richard, 175; 
 Susan, 175 ; Thomas 175 
 
 79. 
 
 52, 
 55. 
 
 2 
 
 56 
 
 2 
 
 218 
 
 157 
 184 
 222 
 221 
 137 
 136 
 
 223 
 
 PAGF. 
 
 Worcestershire ... .. ... 189 
 
 Worstead (Norfolk) 220 
 
 Wybarne, Agnes, 179, 215; 
 
 Edith, 179, 215 ; John 179, 215 
 
 Wychehynggam, tjrsnla... ... 117 
 
 Wylford, Anne, 187; Nicholas... 187 
 
 Wynn, Eleanor ... ... ... 162 
 
 Wynston, Ismayne de ... ... 29 
 
 Yarmouth, William ,.. ... 118 
 
 Yealmpton (Devon.) ... 29, 222 
 
 Yerde, arms of ... ... ... 170 
 
 Yerde, Anne, 170; Elizabeth, 
 
 170; John, 170; Thomas ... 170 
 
 York Minster 190 
 
 Yorkshire 189 
 
 Ypres, St. Mary 79 
 
 Zouch, arms of, 8, 157 ; badge of, 
 156; crest of, 1 56 ; seal of, 1 56 ; 
 standard of ... ... ... 156 
 
 Zouch, John la, 156; William, 
 Lord Zouch of Harringworlh 
 
 156, 158, 216
 
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