II iiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiniiiiiiiiiimiiiiiii Ophthalmic Lenses AND Accessories LENSES, FRAMES, MAGNIFIERS AND READERS THE EYE AND THE LENS ^ ^ AN OPTICAL COMBINATION BAUSCH h LOME OPTICAL CO. ROCHESTER, N. Y III! I I I I I mill 1916 Copyright, iWapby Bausch & Lomb Optical Co. BERXELEY^ LIDRARY UN!v'¥-'.'S(TY OF CALlfORKIA DFIOMnRY LIBRARY GROUP OF BUILDINGS ON ST. PAUL STREET TRACT WORKS OF BAUSCH k LQMB OPTICAL CO. ROCHESTER, N. Y. U. S. A. *^r^(W GROUP OF BUILDINGS ON RIVER FLATS TRACT BAUSCH & LOMB />^^ OPTICAL COMPANY DESCRIPTIVE THE works of the Bauscli & Lomb Optical Company are located in the City of Rochester, State of New York, and cover on the St. Paul Street tract a floor space of about ten acres, with additional buildings occupying a land area of about nine acres on the river flats. The former buildings include the executive offices and main manufacturing plant, while those on the latter site are chiefly devoted to the moulding of optical glass into suitable forms, preparatory to grinding. The buildings themselves are designed to meet all requirements for the delicate operations involved in optical and mechanical works of precision. The rooms are large and airy, well lighted and heated by a modern blower system with a water cooling device which insures pure air of proper humidity. The plant is also provided with refrigerating machinery, and all machines and buildings are exceptionally well safeguarded for the protection of life and property. The equipment for the manufacture of the varied lines of optical instru- ments is of the most modern types known to mechanics. Much of the ma- chinery is designed and constructed by our own experts in our own plant and is the result of an experience of more than sixty years of optical and mechani- cal endeavor. Owing to the technical character of the industry, all devices undergo constant supervision and inspection in order to maintain the equip- ment at its highest point of efficiency. The organization comprises a force of approximately 2,500 employees thor- oughly trained in their respective branches. From the computations of the Scientific and Technical Bureaus, through to the intricate mechanical opera- tions, each progressive step is marked by a systematic control until the product reaches final inspection, when our trade mark guarantees the Bausch & Lomb standard of quality. In addition to the executive offices at Rochester, N. Y., branch offices are maintained and other representatives established in different large com- mercial centers to provide adequate distribution for our products, not only in America but for the markets of England and her colonies, throuffhout the continent of Europe and in parts of Asia. The addresses of the different branches follow: New York : 200 Fifth Avenue. Washington: 613 Fifteenth Street, N. W. Chicago: 122 S. Michigan Boulevard. San Francisco: 154 Sutter Street. Frankfurt a. M.: G. M. B. H. 30 Schillcrstrasse. London: 37-38, Hatton Garden, E. C. BAUSCH & LOMB /M5So»N OPTICAL COMPANY TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE View of Works 3 Description of Plant 4 Introductory 7, 8 Chronological Review of Optics 9-13 The Theory of Lens Action 14-24 Optical Glass 25-27 Color and Absorption Chart (Insert) Opposite 26 Flat Optical Glass Blanks, Sizes 28-30 Prices 29-31 Moulded Optical Glass Blanks, Sizes 32 Prices 33 Ophthalmic Lens Chart 34, 35 A Few Facts about Vertex Refraction, with Compensation Table 36-38 Ophthalmic Lenses (descriptive) 39-41 Facsimile Display of B. & L. Lens Labels 42 Primex and Centex Foci and Code - 43 Punktal and Katral Foci and Code 44 Thickness of Uncut Lenses 45 Table of Minimum Quantities 46, 47 Prescription Blank 48, 49 Uncut Lenses, Sizes 50 Uncut Lenses, Prices 51-68 Piano 51-55 Rough, Flat and Meniscus 51-53 Finished on Both Sides 54, 55 Piano and Double 56 Periscopic 57 Meniscus 58,59 Cylinder Lenses 60-66 Flat Rough 60 Flat Piano 61 Flat Sphero and Cross 62 Toric Rough 63, 64 Toric Piano 65 Toric Sphero 66 Prisms, Rough, Piano, Sphero and Cylinder 67, 68 Euphos Lenses, Prices 69 Crookes Lenses, Prices 70 Noviol Lenses, Prices 71 Auto Goggle Lenses, Prices 72 5 BAUSCH & LOMB /^^^ OPTICAL COMPANY TABLE OF CONTENTS— Continued p^^^, Primex Lenses, Prices Uncut 73 Prices, Bevel and Rimless Edging 74 Punktal Lenses (descriptive) 75-77 Prices, Uncut and Edged 78, 79 Katral Lenses (descriptive) 80 Prices, Uncut and Edged 81 Miscellaneous Lenses, Prices Portex, Coquille and Mi-Coquille 82 Edging and Drilling, Centex and Portex (descriptive) 83 Table of Standard Sizes of Edged Lenses 84 Chart of Uncut Sizes for Edging 85 Illustrations of American Standard Sizes 86-91 Bevel and Rimless Edging, Prices 92-110 Piano and Sphero 92-99 Cylinder, Flat and Toric 100-107 Prisms and Extras 110 Drilling White Edged Lenses, Prices 108 Drilling Colored Edged Lenses, Prices 109 Bifocal Lenses (descriptive) Ill Split and Cement 112-115 Kryptok Blanks and Lenses 116, 117 Kryptok Chart 118,119 Kryptok Directions 120, 121 Ultex Onepiece Blanks and Lenses 122, 123 Ultex Onepiece Charts 124, 125 Ultex Table of Surfacing Tools 126,127 Ultex Onepiece Directions 128, 129 Eyeglass Frames, Magnifiers and Readers (descriptive) 130, 131 Eyeglass Frames and Material 132-135 Monocle Glasses 134, 135 Folding Magnifiers 136-138 Hand Magnifiers 138, 139 Bank Note Detectors 139, 140 Watchmakers' and Engravers' Glasses 140, 141 Reading Glasses 142, 143 Reading Glasses, Semi-Achromatic 144 Reducing Glasses 144 Reading Glass Holder 145, 146 Magnifier Holders 145, 146 Trade Mark Finder 145, 146 Co-operative Service 147 Other Publications 148 B A U S C H INTRODUCTORY SUBJECTIVE and ol)joc'tiv(' metliods for (Ictcrinining errors of refraction require not only skill and experience on the part of the oculist, optome- trist and optician, hut place a burden of responsibility upon the manu- facturer of the apparatus which makes the precise use of these methods pos- sible. Next in importance to apparatus for the accurate detection of errors of vision are lenses to correct those defects. Ophthalmic lenses are worthy of more studied treatment by the producer than can be accorded them in an ordinary commercial catalog. The outcome of centuries of development, involving the efforts of some of the world's greatest scientists, they constitute a subject, historical and scientific, of espe- cially vital interest to all concerned with optical activities. It is in recognition of this interest that this catalog has been prepared. In the hope that both trade and profession will value it as a volume of reference, as well as a catalog, we dedicate it to their interests. In it they will find many of the facts and theories of yesterday and to-day, collated in a form more logically compact, perhaps, than they have elsewhere at their disposal. We began the manufacture of lenses with the foundation of the Company in 1853. Our production is not confined to ophthalmic lenses but embraces all known types, from searchlight reflectors several feet in diameter to lenses of pin-head size used in microscope objectives, as well as high-grade photo- graphic lenses and intermediate forms of every sort. Such extensive expe- rience has naturally given us considerable prestige in the scientific world as lens manufacturers. With the co-operation of our associates, the world famous optical works of Carl Zeiss, Jena, we have been enabled to add to the list of modern lenses two new types — the Punktal and the Katral — and to introduce a series of instruments for ophthalmological use, all of which are made to conform to the most exacting requirements and represent notable achievements of Ameri- can and European ingenuity. In this catalog we describe, illustrate and list our complete line of ophthal- mic lenses, which we believe to be the most comprehensive in scope of the product of any lens manufacturer, our rubber and zylonite eyeglass frames, our magnifiers and our readers. In another volume will appear our complete line of ophthalmic instruments and optical machinery. In the following pages will also be found descriptive articles on optical glass, the historical phase of optics and the scientific principles underlying the different types of ophthalmic lenses. For more detailed treatises on these subjects we issue at frequent intervals technical pamphlets under the BAUSCH & LOME /0S^ OPTICAL COMPANY caption of "Scientific and Technical Publications." We refer the reader to page 147 for further information regarding this series, as well as other of our publications. Our optical products are carefully inspected before leaving the works, on the principle that upon a rigid system of inspection and selection depends, in large measure, the true maintenance of a high quality. They are obtainable from the regular distributors of optical goods, whose names we shall be pleased to furnish on request. Questions pertaining to the genuineness of goods offered as of our manufacture will be answered promptly and explicitly. The trade mark shown herewith will be found on all original containers of our ophthalmic lenses and on all apparatus of our manufacture. The Punktal lenses and our Ultex Onepiece Bifocals also have the trade mark engraved on their surface near the right central margin. While this is so lightly etched as to be best seen with the aid of a magnifying glass, it is important as a guarantee against substitution. Manifold order books, arranged to simplify the ordering of lenses and other products, will be furnished through our wholesale distributors on request. We also furnish prescription blanks bound in book form, conforming to both the present and the new system of measuring refraction. These blanks are imprinted with the protractor scale adopted by the Naples Convention as the international standard. Wherever practicable, catalog numbers or letters have been used to sim- plify ordering and to eliminate errors. These designations should be prefixed "Bausch & Lomb" to insure obtaining the product of our works. Prices are subject to change without notice. For the convenience of the trade the principal articles of our manufacture are also carried in stock at our branches, where they may be inspected and information obtained relative thereto. Our Scientific Bureau at Rochester is also available at all times to aid the user of our goods in solving any technical problems which may arise relative to their use or application. B A U S C H & L O M IJ /i^^%\ OPTICAL COMPANY CHRONOLOGICAL REVIEW OF OPTICS THE earliest mention made of lenses as an aid to imperfect vision would seem to place their discovery in the last half of the thirteenth century. From two different sources we find Italians credited with their inven- tion in that period. According to the chronicle of the monastery of St.Katherine in Pisa, they were the invention of one of the monks, Alessandro della Spina, while Salvino d'Armato, called Armati, of Florence, is also credited with their introduction. But lenses were in use in Germany before that time, and the Chinese were probably grinding them from a transparent mineral substance at a still earlier date. The first lenses seem to have been of the convex form only. We find among the ancients no reference to diverging lenses, although short sight was well known as a defect of the eye. It is not until the end of the seventeenth century that we learn of concave lenses being ground. A most important period in the history of optics is that between the years 1666 and 1669, during which time Newton conducted his famous experiments upon the composition of light. He found that white light is composed of light rays of different colors, and was the first to decompose white light by the prism and to recompose it. White light is dissociated into its component parts by the prism because the different colors of which it is composed are unequally refracted. During the centuries that succeeded many investigations by noted scientists followed the work of Newton, and with the establishment of definite data the way was gradually paved for further improvements in optical lenses and apparatus. In 1804 Dr. WoUaston effectively advocated the use of meniscus formed spectacle lenses of suitably combined curvatures, instead of the ordinary double and plano-convex and concave types. He named them periscopic lenses, because with the concave surface nearest the eye better vision and a wider field of view resulted. It has since developed that meniscus lenses had already been recommended for spectacles by the German mathematician, C. G. Hertel, in a booklet published in 1716. In the latter part of the year 1800 the existence of astigmatism in the eye was brought to public notice. A very important contribution to our knowledge of the subject was made in 1825 by the English astronomer, Airy, who first corrected this defect in his own eye by means of a sphero-cylindrical lens, made under his direction by the optician. Fuller, of Ipswich. The results of the celebrated dioptric investigations of the German mathematician. Gauss, were announced in the latter part of the year 1840. In these investigations he established in comparatively simple B A V K C 11 & L O iM B /^^^^ O 1' T I C A L COMPANY form a general theory of refraction through centered lenses and lens systems, at the same time liaving exact regard to the thickness and separation of the lenses. He introduced the now well-known principal points and planes. The first record of the use of toric lenses occurs, as nearly as can be learned, during the period 1840-44. It is stated by Dr. Javal that the Roman optician, Suscipi, is reported to have applied them at that time for the correction of astigmatism, one lens surface being convex spherical and the Toric concave surface being placed toward the eye. In 1845 followed the important discovery of the well-known nodal points in lenses by Prof. Listing. These nodal points are of special interest in the study of the eye ; when a lens or lens system of definite thickness is surrounded by the same medium, as air, they coincide with the two principal points of Gauss. Through the important invention of the ophthalmoscope in 1851 by Prof, von Helmholtz, the ophthalmometer with plane parallel plates in 1854 and the telestereoscope in 1857, by means of which increased stereoscopic effect is obtained, new instrimients of the greatest value became available for the examination of the eye and the study of vision. In 1866 the employment of the metric system for measuring and designating the power of lenses was advocated by the ophthalmologist, Nagel, in place of the old English inch system then in use. The term "diopter," proposed by Monoyer, of France (written in English "dioptry" also "dioptre"), is now universally used as a unit in the metric system of numbering and designates the dioptric or refractive power of a lens of one meter (39.37 inches) equivalent focal length. In the year 1873 appeared an announcement made by Prof. Abbe, of Jena, Germany, of his theory on the formation of images based on the wave theory of light and having special reference to optics of the microscope. Through extensive research work the basis was laid for many of the remarkable im- provements in optical instruments made in later years. It was in 1878, when we entered the general American lens market, that we standardized the concave curve of the periscopic lens — which had been made of variable radii for the scale of foci, and thus made possible the later development of the cement bifocals. Beginning at that time, we devoted our efforts to the establishment of lens standards now recognized as " Bausch & LoMB Quality." Through the establishment of the celebrated Avorks of Schott & Genossen in 1884, the new Jena glass became generally available throughout the world. A new era in optics was opened, in which the ingenuity and scientific applica- tions of all interested in furthering optical progress found its freest scope. 10 B A I- S (• If it L O M B /$^i^ OPTICAL C O M P A N V For ophthalmic lenses in general no apparent benefit resulted. The glass already available was fortunately of an excellent quality for the purpose. The method of examination of the eye for refractive errors was in the meantime very much facilitated by the completion of new apparatus for the purpose, among which was the well-known Javal-Schioetz oj)hthal- mometer invented in 1882. This instrument was constructed on a different principle from that of the before mentioned ophthalmometer of Ilelmholtz and was further improved by the inventors in 1889. In the years from 1889 to 1904 important communications on the subject of lens improvements were presented by Dr. F. D. Ostwalt, Dr. M. Tscherning and also by Dr. Percival. Let us remember that in connection with all of these investigations, the importance of taking into consideration the center of rotation of the eye is emphasized. In connection with the study of lenses, a valuable contribution to the sub- ject of ophthalmic prisms was made in 1890 by C. F. Prentice. He proposed the now generally accepted designation of "prism dioptry" as a unit to express the refractive power of a prism, which produces a tangent deflection, or deviation of one centimeter (1/100 meter) at a distance of one meter. In the year 1893 appeared the important work on "The Theory of Optical Instruments According to Abbe," written by Dr. S. Czapski of the Zeiss Works. In this treatise, as also in the later works of Drs. Czapski and M. von Rohr and their associates on the scientific staff of the Zeiss Works, the results of many years of epoch-making investigations in the field of optics, carried on by Prof. Abbe and his collaborators, have been freely placed in the hands of those interested in the subject. Prior to this, in 1891, a valuable contribution had also been published on the theory of astigmatism by the ^Swedish ophthalmologist, Gullstrand, who since then has greatly aided in advancing ophthalmological progress by con- ducting important mathematical and optical research work. With the advent of the twentieth century, it is noteworthy that the use of periscopic lenses, which had been introduced by Dr. Wollaston about one hundred years before, received a new impetus through the extended applica- tion of deep curved forms. This led to their designation as meniscus lenses, to distinguish them from the earlier periscopic forms. Through the introduction of improved methods for manufacturing meniscus and toric lenses, it has become possible to render more generally available the valuable properties possessed by these types for the correction of astigmatism. The increase in their use has been correspondingly marked. We commenced the manufacture of the meniscus types in 1896 and the toric forms two years later. About 1784 Benjamin Franklin had a pair of spectacles made, each lens 11 n A T- S (■ II & h O M B /^J$\ OPTICAL COMPANY consisting of two half ovals, the upper one being concave, and the lower convex. This was the origin of the bifocal lens now so widely used. Since the use of bifocals by Franklin, numerous inventions have led to the perfection of these useful lenses. The solid bifocal with prisms of the weaker or distance power, base down, and the reading portion, base up, was extremely annoying to the wearer and was followed by the split bifocal, consisting of two pieces joined in the center but capable of being centered in each half lens independently. These lenses did not prove very popular. In 1888 August Morck invented the cement bifocal, consisting of a peri- scopic lens, to the concave curve of which was cemented a thin glass segment finished to the corresponding concave curve of the major periscopic lens and ground to the regular focus on the other side, then cemented to give the desired reading addition. These lenses have been in popular demand and are extensively used at present. The so-called Perfection Bifocal followed shortly after; a major lens Avas cut out in the lower portion, either semi-circular or crescent-shaped, and a seu'inent of stronger focus, cut from another lens, inserted. These lenses could also be centered and used in either frames or rimless mounts, in Avliich latter case they were cemented. Another cement bifocal known as "Opifex" has become popular. The segment is ground to a "knife edge" and is as nearly invisible as it is possible to make a cemented bifocal lens. Many other inventions in bifocals are recorded, but few have attained the practical stage of existence. llie Kryptok lens was later introduced and met Avith immediate favor. The major lens of crown glass has a depression ground in the lower portion. Into this depression is counter-sunk a piece of glass of different refractive in- dex, usually a flint disc. Ilie two pieces are then fused together and ground and polished, making a perfectly homogeneous, as well as an invisible bifocal lens. The latest invention in bifocal lenses, however, is the Onepiece, which is a solid or one-piece bifocal lens, patents for which have been granted in the United States in 1906, 1909 and 1910. These lenses are ground and polished both in the upper and in the lower portions, absolutely free from the dis- turbing prismatic effect attributed to other bifocal lenses ground from one piece of glass. It is possible to make them with a large reading portion, but the greatest claim made for them is their absolute freedom from disturbing color or chromatic aberrations. Among the recent investigations in the field of ophthalmic lenses, tlie work carried forward by Dr. Gullstrand and Dr. M. von Rohr is especially worthy of note. In 1912 Dr. von Rohr published in his work, "Das Auge und die Brille," the result of his investigation regarding the importance of the center 12 B A U S C II & L O .M R /^E^ OPTICAL C O M T A X Y of rotation of the eve and the relation of this center of rotation to the correc- tion of refractive errors by means of ophthalmic lenses. The work of Dr. (iullstrand and Dr. von Rohr resulted in the accomplish- ment of notable achievements, both in the improvement of apparatus for testing errors of vision and in ophthalmic lenses, v^^ith special reference to deep curved lenses. In all deep-curved lenses. Meniscus and Toric, the one surface is ground to a standard curve. A curve of six diopters has been adopted as the standard by American lens manufacturers, although other curves have been used. While in the weaker foci of these lenses the lens correction is of lesser import- ance, in the great number of powers there is a certain amount of astigmatism; it was for the correction of this astigmatism and the perfecting of the deep curved lens that Dr. von Rohr published his extensive investigation referred to above. He desired to correct the astigmatism marked towards the marginal portion in all foci and computed the powder of each lens and its correction separately. These lenses, resulting from the work of Dr. von Rohr, were named by him "Punktal" and "Katral." These words are registered as trade marks in the United States by the Carl Zeiss Works, and we, as their associates, hold the exclusive manufacturing rights for the lenses on the American Continent. (See pages 75 and 80.) By the present method of refraction test lenses, double convex and double concave in form, have been and are still used. Since the more general adop- tion of deep curved lenses, many irregularities, especially in the stronger powers, have resulted from the fact that the principal points of the two forms of lenses do not coincide. The reader is referred to page 36 of this volume and to our recent publication, "The Substitution of Meniscus for Flat Ophthalmic Lenses and a New System of Designating Their Powers," for more detailed information on the subject. It is a notable fact that optical literature in general, since the beginning of the century, has been enriched by the contributions of the physicists, mathe- maticians, ophthalmologists and opticians of Europe and America. In addition to the larger works in optics, there has also accumulated a vast fund of short essays and articles in the professional and trade journals of both continents, freely conveying for the benefit of all the experience of the many workers in a most useful branch of human endeavor. 13 IIAUSCII & LOME /^!:Sa»J\ OPTICAL COMPANY THE THEORY OF LENS ACTION IN commemoration of the ninth annual convention of the American Optical Association, in 1906, we published a treatise on "Lenses." This little book has met with such favor among the optical trade and profession that Ave have received frequent requests for copies during the intervening years, while one chapter, entitled "The Theory of Lens Action," has even been republished by otliers. In light of these considerations and the general value of the matter itself, we have thought best to reprint this chapter here in order to preserve it in more definite reference form. The chapter follows in full : "Before inquiring into the nature of lenses and their action, it appears desirable to obtain some notion of the agency upon which they act, namely, of light itself. To arrive at this, we must betake ourselves, for the moment, into the realm of the imagination, into a domain of abstractions and hypotheses. But in doing so, we must not make the hasty conclusion that the results so found are of no value, or what is worse, of imaginary value only. On the con- trary, the assumptions which we introduce have been employed for hundreds of years by our ablest and boldest intellectual giants and have led them to truths of unimpeachable character, truths which belong to the most priceless possessions of mankind and have brought us, as nearly as may be, to a glim- mering of the unknowable, to a conviction of the unity of the universe. " Ivct us imagine, then, that all space, the entire universe in its outermost and innermost depths is permeated by a medium or substance Avhich we know only through its manifestations, and which, for want of a better name, we call eiher. At any point in this hypothetical or imaginary substance which we assume as penetrating all matter, suns and atoms alike, conceive, now, a disturbance set up, a disturbance of such a nature that the particles of ether about the point in question are thrown into violent and rapid agitation. Sup- pose, further, the ether endowed with qualities which enable it to transmit this agitation to the neighboring particles, that is to propagate the disturbance in all directions in the form of waves, much as, when we throw a stone into a quiet pool, we see the ripples and waves travel outward in every direction. Then according as the rapidity of the movements of the ether particles reaches or exceeds a cer- tain limit, we shall have either the electric waves of wire- less telegraphy or those waves which, impinging upon the eye or the photographic plate, we recognize as ligJit. The science of light in all its forms is our familiar and cher- FiG. 1 ished science of optics. 14 BAUSCH & LOME /^!^l^ OPTICAL COMPANY k/\tt:w\ - "Leaving aside certain phenomena, which are scarcely of interest liere, we may say, what all will probably admit, that lioht travels in straight lines; we cannot see around a corner. This is the first fundamental law of optics. "The second fundamental law of o})tics concerns itself with the speed or velocity at which light travels. "In inter-stellar space, in the regions beyond our earth, light travels at a rate quite beyond our minds to grasp. Experiments of extraordinary delicacy and precision have proven beyond a doubt that this speed is 186,000 miles per second ; in other words, could a ray of light be made to pass around the earth, it would circumnavigate the same more than seven times every second. Incidentally we may mention that electricity travels at the same speed as light, forcing us to the conclusion that light and electricity are, in the last analysis, identical. The recognition of truths like these is the highest recom- pense of men of science. "But exact experimentation has done more than this. Actual measure- ments have shown that the velocity of light is different in different substances ; we may say, light travels slower the denser the medium or substance through which it is passing; in ordinary crown glass it travels slower than in air, in ordinary flint glass it travels slower than in crown. And the second funda- mental law of optics is, that the ratio or quotient of the velocities of light in any two given media or substances is invariably the same number; this num- ber we may call a natural constant, a quantity which nature has predeter- mined and has permanently attached to the substances in question and which, so far as the phenomena of light are concerned, completely characterizes those substances relative to each other. This quantity or number, whose importance in optics is manifestly second to none, has received the name of Refractive Index or Index of Refraction. "As an example we cite: Light travels at the rate of 186,000 miles per second in air, 122,000 miles per second in ordinary optical glass; 186,000 divided by 122,000 is 1.53, which is the refractive index of this glass, referred to air as standard, air having the refractive index 1.00. " Having thus briefly reviewed the properties of light itself, let us turn from the abstract to the concrete and examine the simplest case of light-action, viz., the action of a plane glass surface on a beam of light. " We have said before that light travels in straight lines in the form of waves, generally spherical, by which we mean that the light disturbance, starting from a radiant center C (Fig. 2) successively reaches at definite times the points P Q R, located on a line drawn from this center, and that all points as P' and P", Q' and Q", R' and R", situated on the wave surfaces of P, Q, R respectively, are reached in the same time. These lines C R, C R', etc., which 15 B A U S C H LOME OPTICAL COMPANY give the path of the Hght, are termed rays and hereafter we may often confine ourselves to them, leaving the waves out of consideration. "When the wave motion has traversed a considerable distance, as for example, in coming from the sun, the outermost wave-front, R' RR" (Fig. 2) Fig. 2 will evidently be much flattened, so that we can safely assume the portion of it that we are considering to be plane. Imagine such a plane wave-front, R' R R", (Fig. 3) striking a plane surface of glass obliquely. Then the light traveling along the ray P" R" will enter the glass sooner than that along the ray P' R' and will, consequently, since light travels slower in glass than in air, be Fig. 3 retarded or commence to travel slower, before that along P' R' does. During the time the light has traveled from R' to S' in air, it has only traveled from R" to S" in glass. "Now experiment has shown, and mathematical analysis has demon- strated, that a ray falling thus obliquely on a glass surface is deflected or bent from its original direction P" R" (Fig. 4), and in such a sense that it approaches the perpendicular or normal N N' drawn through the point of incidence R". Carrying out this for all points of our original incident wave-front, R' R R" (Fig. 3), we obtain the resultant, so-called refracted wave-front, S' S S", and have before us the phenomenon of Refraction. 16 B A U S C H & L O M IJ z;^!^ O 1' T I C A L COM P A X V "Again we find, as one of Nature's laws, a remarkable fixed relation between the angles made by the incident and refracted rays with the perpendicular or normal to the surface, or ratlior between certain quantities or numbers called sines which fix the size or magnitude of those angles. This law may be enun- ciated thus: "The ratio or quotient of the sine of the angle of incidence i (Fig. 4) and the sine of the angle of refraction r is invariably the same number for two given substances or media, namely the same number which we have seen above to be the Index of Refraction. By means of this simple law, the path of a ray of light through any number of refracting substances may be calculated. Fig. 5 "If, after passing through a thickness of glass, the beam strikes a second plane surface separating it from air, as in a piano-parallel plate (Fig. 5), the beam will be again deflected to the same extent but in a sense opposite to that at the first refraction. The beam as a whole is shifted laterally. If the second plane surface is inclined to the first surface as in prism (Fig. 6), the direction of the incident beam will be changed and to an extent depending on the angle of the prism. This is immediately apparent from Fig. 6. Turning 17 B A U S C H LOME OPTICAL COMPANY Fig. 6 now to curved refracting surfaces, we note that any very small portion, as A B (Fig. 7) of the same, may be regarded as a plane, whence we may imme- diately apply our laws for plane surfaces as found above. Fig. 7 "Suppose a second curved bounding surface (Fig. 8) forming, as is well known, a lens. Then, as shown in Fig. 8, we may imagine the whole lens divided into small prisms or prismatic elements and the results found in the case of prismatic refraction are applicable. The rays or beam of light a b, falling perpendicularly on the central portion of the lens, go straight on; the beam c d, falling obliquely, is deilected. Fig. 8 |<5^"We are now in a position to take a final step in our study of lenses, and that is, to consider the power of a lens and its allied term, /oca/ length. "The word power naturally leads to the word work, power being in general 18 BAUSCH & LOME /^^^ OPTICAL COMPANY the capacity of doing work; power is producc-d for ihc sake of llic work il can perform. What 'work,' we niav ask, docs :i k'lis do? "We have just seen (Fig. 8) that when a hohl wave coming from a distant source falls upon a lens, the direction in which the various parts of the wave move is altered. If we look more closely, if we trace the action of all Ihc elementary prisms into which the lens is conceived to he divided, we shall see that \\ieform or curvature of the w-ave-front as a vhulc changes in its passage through the lens, in as much as those parts of the wave that pass through the center of the lens have a greater thickness of glass to traverse than those passing through the edge, and, travel being slower and more difficult in glass than in air, are belated with respect to the marginal rays. For instance, by the time the light along B L (Fig. 9) has just emerged from the lens at O, Fig. 9 the light along A K has regained its freedom and has already reached the point N at some distance from the lens. The original plane w^ave-front ABC is thus transformed into a curved wave-front N O P, with the rays having their center at F. "The point F, toward which the emergent light converges, is the Focal Point or Focus of the lens. "The 'work' of the lens consists in forcing the wave to assume a different shape or in causing the light to converge toward the focus, instead of, as originally, diverging from the distant source. The amount of this change of form of the wave is a measure of the 'power' of the lens and depends on the curvature of the lens surfaces and the lens material. The stronger the curva- tures of the lens surfaces, the more will they alter the shape of the wave-front, the nearer, as a rule, will the focus lie to the lens. " In order to characterize a lens, it is needful to look about for a measure of its strength or power. The direct measurement of the w^ave curvature is impracticable; the focal point on the other hand, has, in general, a real exist- ence and can be actually located by placing a screen so as to receive upon it the image of a distant object, and the size of this image, is, as we shall now see, the true measure of the power of the lens. " From the above it will be clear, and by the simplest kind of experiments we can easily convince ourselves, that the less curved the lens surfaces are, 19 B A U S C H LOME OPTICAL COMPANY the farther away from the lens will the image of an object lie and, as is evident from Fig. 10, the larger will this image be. To avoid the necessity of choosing an object at a definite distance, we assume one at a very great or infinite dis- FiG. 10 tance, in which case its size can of course be expressed only in angular measure. See Fig. 11. "Then we define the power of a lens as the ratio of one-half of the apparent size of a distant object A B expressed as an angle, to one-half the real size of Fig. 11 the image C D of this object, the angle being measured, not in degrees, but by a certain mathematical quantity called 'tangent,' which fixes its magnitude and of which tables have been computed. " We have thus brought the power of a lens into relation with its every day use, which is to produce images at given points and of a given magnitude, and have shown further that power is a physical attribute of the lens, that it cannot, as it were, be measured with a yard stick but has a greater and deeper meaning than a mere length. "The power of a lens is often, but sometimes erroneously, measured by the distance of the focus from the lens, or as we may say, by the 'back focal difitance' C F (Fig. 12). If we compare two lenses of different forms (Figs. 12 and 13) but so constructed as to give images of the same size and consequently Fig. 12 Fig. 13 20 B A U S C 11 L O M B O 1' T I (' A I. C O M 1' A X Y having the same power, we note that the 'back focal distance' is entirely dif- ferent in the two cases, showing at once that this distance is not the true measure of power. The true measure of power is found hv measuring the size of the image and the apparent size of the object and finding the ratio men- tioned above. " If we divide unity, that is one, by this ratio, we find the reciprocal of the power and have what is known as the true or equivalent focal length; this is, as we have seen, not at all the same as the 'focal distance,' often called 'back focus.' In case we feel the necessity of measuring off this true focal length in the neighborhood of the lens, we ought not to startyVowi the lens, but should take as our starting-point the focal point itself and measure toward the lens, to the first, or primary, principal point. For the focus is the only point con- nected with the lens which has any real existence. The somewhat cumbrous expression, equivalent focal length, is frequently abridged to focus. "The oft mooted question, from what point is the focal length to be meas- ured, is thus simply answered : From the focal yoint to the corresponding principal point. "As in other branches of applied science, it is essential to have a standard lens, a lens to which, as regards power, all lenses may be referred. The standard or unit which has been almost universally adopted is, as is well known, a lens having a true focal length of one meter, its power being termed Diopter or Dioptric. "The kind of lenses most generally used have spherical surfaces, and they can be divided into two groups ; the first group, thicker in the middle than at Converging Lenses Diverging Lenses Piano- Convex Periscopic Convex / Positive \ VMeniscus/ Thicker in the middle than at the edge /Negative\ VMeniscus/ Thinner in the middle than at the edge Fig. U the edge, have a convergent effect on the rays of light; the second group, thinner in the middle than at the edge, have a divergent effect. These different forms are shown in Fig. 14. 21 B A U S C H L O M B OPTICAL COM P A N Y "The positive and negative menisci, also called periscopic convex and periscopic concave lenses respectively, are useful in cases where a large field of vision is desired. "We have so far considered lenses with spherical surfaces only, and now turn our attention to those bounded by sur- faces whose curvatures vary in different directions. " For certain defects in the eye spherical lenses no longer suffice, and it has been found that glasses having cylindrical sur- faces aid in correcting these errors. With such lens-surfaces the best effect is produced in but one 'meridian,' namely in the ' mer- idian ' or plane at right angles to the so-called ' axis,' a c & in Fig. 15 assumed in the middle of the lens, and called 'axis' because parallel to the axis m n of the cylinder of which the lens surface is a part. This effect is due to the peculiar nature of the curvature of the cylindrical surface and the lens action is convergent or divergent according as the surface is convex or concave. In the plane a m g k n h, passing through the axis a b c, rays are refracted without change in direction, this part of the lens having the same effect as a plane-parallel plate. It is evident that the image of a distant luminous point formed by this lens will be a luminous line g h k. "Where it is desirable to have the combined effect of a spherical and a Fig. 15 Action of Piano-Cylindrical Lens on Parallel Ravs Fig. 16 Action of a Sphero-Cyliudrical Lens on Parallel Rays B A U S C H LOME OPTICAL COM PANT cylindrical lens, lenses having one surface spherical and the other cylindrical are employed, and applying the before-mentioned principles we can readily gain an insight into their mode of action. In Fig. 16 the action of such a sphero-cylindrical lens on a beam of light is shown; p q s r represents the spherical surface, and a c h indicates the axis of the cylindrical surface; it is apparent that in one meridian the spherical and the cylindrical surfaces work together, while in the meridian containing the axis a c b only the spherical component acts. "In addition to the general forms of spherical and cylindrical lenses there has come into use in recent years, although known of long before, a type of lens having a toric surface. These toric lenses, as they are called, have come into favor where the advantage of the periscopic principle in connection with cylindric effect is sought. From the nature of the curvature of the toric sur- face, which possesses different radii of curvature in different meridians, as is shown in Figs. 17 and 18, it is evident that the manufacture of accurate toric Fig. 17 Perspective View of Toric Lens and Torus lenses offers many difficulties. Fig. 17 presents a perspective view of a torus. The plano-convex lens shown may be considered cut out of this torus and having the 'meridians' a c b and d c e. " In Fig. 18 are shown sectional views through the vertical meridian dee and the horizontal meridian o c 6 of a plano-convex toric lens, indicating how the refraction of the parallel rays varies in these two meridians. The dotted outline shows how the torus may be generated, R and r being the radii of U A U S C H & LOME /^^S^ OPTICAL COMPANY curvature in their respective meridian planes; when r becomes equal to R it is evident that a spherical surface will result. N ^<. ^ '' \ \ / r Fig. 18 Sectional Views of Toric Lens and Torus " In the use of glasses the inconvenience often arising from requiring lenses of different focus for near and distant vision has lead to the introduction of a variety of forms of double focus lenses, now well-known as 'bifocals,' the principle of their construction being to have the upper portion of the lens of different power from the lower." U IJ A U S C H & L O M B /^^V OPTICAL COMPANY OPTICAL GLASS GLASS is the most important substance with which the optometrist or . optician is concerned in his work, whether in the manufacture of optical instruments or in the practice of optometry. The science of optics is the science of hght. Witliout the art of gUiss making, liowever, scientists, ancient and modern, woukl have found it difficult, if not impossible, to control the action of light to meet the solution of the mathematical problems confronting them in the study of light phenomena. While it is true that other substances have been used to bend the rays of light, glass is universally accepted as the best material known for the purpose. Thus the optician and the glass maker have contributed jointly to the science of optics, to the benefit of posterity. Glass is an amorphous, transparent or translucent mixture of silicates by definite chemical formulae. The essential materials for glass making are silica, an alkali and lime or lead. Part of the lime or lead may be replaced by oxides of other metals, also by certain borates and phosphates to replace a part of the silica, especially in glass manufactured for optical purposes. Before the era of modern optical glass manufacture there were only two types of glass available to the optician, the one a lime glass with a low refrac- tion and small dispersion (crown glass) , and the other a lead glass with a rela- tively high index and large dispersion (flint glass). Although the terms "crown" and "flint" are still used, they have no definite meaning to the optician of to-day, as in late years the glass manufacturers, in answer to the demand of modern optics, have succeeded in putting upon the market so many new varieties that there is no longer the sharp division between the two kinds. It may be interesting to state here that in the last catalog of Schott & Genossen there are listed one hundred dilTerent varieties of optical glass. The requirements demanded of glass for ophthalmic lenses, while stringent, are not so many as those required for glass to be used in other optical instru- ments. Glass for ophthalmic lenses must be hard, durable, homogenous, free from bubbles and strife, but also of a constant index of refraction. The crown glass we employ in our products has an index of 1.5'-23 and a dispersion of approximately 58.5. With the introduction of the deeper forms of lenses the moulding of glass has been introduced. Hie process carried on in our w^orks insures, under our rigid inspection, the proper annealing and freedom from other glass defects. Roentgen glass is a transparent glass A^'hich the Roentgen or X-ray cannot penetrate. liCnses produced from this material offer protection to the patient, physician or operator while exposures with the X-ray are being made. 25 BAUSCH & LOME /^l^ OPTICAL COMPANY Colored glass is used to moderate the amount of light which enters the eye. Such glass is produced by adding metal oxides to the mass of melted material; cobalt-oxide giving the blue; chrom-oxide, green; gold- oxide, ruby; silver-oxide, yellow; manganese-oxide, violet. Smoke glass is produced by using several of the above-mentioned oxides. Light when passing through glass will, generally speaking, suffer a reduc- tion in intensity. The light lost in transmission is said to be absorbed, and the extent thereof is the intrinsic absorption of the glass. The volume of the light transmitted is said to be the intrinsic transmission of the glass. It has been satisfactorily proved that lost light is changed to heat. All glasses do not have the same absorption for the same color, nor does any one have the same absorption for all colors. Thus one specimen might pass a great deal of red and green and absorb nearly all blue light, while another might pass a great deal of green and blue and absorb nearly all the red light of the spectrum. Such absorption of particular colors or groups of colors is called selective absorption. A glass which absorbs equal proportions of all colors of light is called a neutral glass. It serves the purpose of reducing the intensity of light without altering its color. Since absorbed light is entirely lost, the color of a piece of glass will be determined by the colors of light transmitted by it. If one looks at an object through a colored glass and the object gives off light only of the colors absorbed by the glass and in the proportions absorbed, the object will appear black. If the object gives off light only of the colors transmitted by the glass and in the same proportions as transmitted, there will be no change in the color of the object. If the object gives off light, some of which is absorbed and some of which is transmitted by the glass, the object will seem to have only the colors transmitted by the glass. If for any reason it is desired to suppress any particular color or colors of light in any proportions, it is necessary only to pass the light through a glass, the intrinsic absorption of which is in keeping with the requirements We have prepared charts showing the relative intrinsic absorption of visible light of the colored glasses commonly used for ophthalmic lenses. The height of the rectangle represents 100%, and the vertical lines indicate the various colors of the spectrum — red, yellow, green, blue and violet. The portions of the vertical lines below the curve indicate absorbed light, and those above indicate transmitted light. Thus, for example, the absorptions for Euphos A are : Red 32.4% Green. . . . 3.8% Violet. . . . 41.5% Yellow . . . 8.8% Blue .... 25.0% The transmission for each color is, of course, 100%, minus the per cent of absorption for the color under consideration. 26 COLOR AND ABSORPTION CHART— I 100% Crookes a Crookes B 100% EuPHOS A EUPHOS B lOCo Y G B V NoviOL A NoviOL B NOVIOL C COLOR AND ABSORPTION CHART— II B 90 - 80 - 70 — 60 - 50 - 40 — 30 — 20 — *■ 10 — — L FlEUZAL A FlEUZAL B 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 - 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 R Y G B V 90 - - 80 - *- - 70 - - 60 - y - 50 - y^ - 40 - .^ - 30 - - 20 - y - 10 _ _ ;^ mM — IOO''i 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Amber A Amber B 100° 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 B 1 00% f— 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100° 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 R Y G B V ^ /" - - - - 1 00% 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Amethyst A Amethyst B COLOR AND ABSORPTION CHART— III B ■100% ■ 90 ■ 80 • 70 40 30 20 10 Smoke A Smoke B n |— 100% — 90 100% 90 y - 80 80 y — 70 70 - 60 - 50 60 50 — 40 40 1 — 30 — 20 30 20 _ 10 10 s MOK E C Smoke D Y G B V Blue A Blue B R Y G B V 90 — - 80 - r — 70 - f V - 60 — 1 \ — 50 — 1 \ — 40 — . ' \ — 30 — V — 20 — r>v^ :^ :•:-•■. -•■■■■ ■ - 10 — — M^ \v;vv.:. ,■.,■,•.:;■■,■:■■■■. ;-■ ,v.\o.: „.:■;.: :v. »o,,.-,,., ;a^x r ■ I 100% 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Blue C Blue D B A U H C II & L O M I! /^^ () I" T I C A L (' () M I' A X Y The colors and sliadfs adopled for ()|)lillialiiiic lenses lia\-e Ix-en eonlined to a rano-e of sufficient latitude lo answer a i;i-eal vaiielv of pniposes. It will he an easy task, therefore, hy reference lo Ihe charl, to select the one ineetinij; the necessary re(|uirenients. Crookes glass is of a neuli-al color and is sn|)[)lie(l in two shades; the light shade is so colorless as to aj)i)ear almost like while glass, while the darker tint absorbs the same amount of ultra-violet and heal rays as the light tint. This glass owes its origin to Sir William Crookes, who conducted the exj)eri- ments for a glass to overcome the heat and ultra-violet ravs. Euphos glass is the result of scientific investigations conducted bv Dr. Schanz, of Dresden. It is of a greenish tint in two shades and designed for use wherever it is desirable to eliminate the ultra-violet rays entirely, espe- ciall}- for work under powerful arc lamps and any other high-power illuminants. Noviol is a new glass of a very brilliant yellow tint in three shades. It affords the eye absolute [protection against the ultra-violet, violet and blue rays and at the same time absorbs a large percentage of the infra red rays. It does not show an appreciable absorj)tion of the rest of the sj)ectrum and on that account permits a clear vision both of near and distant ol)jects. Fieuzal glass is the result of research work on the part of Dr. Fieuzal, of Paris. The glass has a greenish yellow tint and, as the respective curve in the color chart will show, will serve an admirable purpose, in the lighter shade, for comfort in motoring, boating, etc., without changing the natural appearance of land- scapes, and in the darker shade, where it is desired to check the ultra-violet rays. Amber glass has come into popular favor in recent years. It has limited absorptive properties but is very useful in motoring and where it is designed to tone down the color of light for numerous other outdoor occupations. It is made in two shades. Amethyst has a limited demand but is preferred by some optometrists and o})ticians, and we supply it in the two shades given in our color chart. Smoke, a neutral tint of four shades, has been found by experiment to accomj)lish the result of moderating the light satisfactorily ant! it is recom- mended, therefore, for general use. Blue glass is still preferred by many and is also offered in four shades. It serves many purposes, particularly for use at the sea shore. The following pages will illustrate the standard sizes in which the various kinds of colored glass are regularly supplied. To insure correct focal results, wherever our tools are employed, only the glass herein mentioned should be used. An allowance for matching shades will have to be made, as glass manu- facturers find it impossible to duplicate colored glass exactly in shade. 27 B A U S C II & LOME /M^!SSx OPTICAL COMPANY SIZES OF FLAT OPTICAL GLASS BLANKS OVAL AND SQUARE R .\ IT S C II L O M n O 1> T I (• .\ L • ' O M I' A N Y PRICES FOR FLAT OPTICAL GLASS BLANKS OVAL AND SQUARE OVAL SQUARE '' Per Dozen Pairs A B C D A B C D 45 X 35.5 50x40 60x50 70x60 42 47 51 63 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm White Crow^n 2 to 2 . 5 1 $0 . 50 $0.75 $1.00 $1.50 $0.50 $0.75 $1.00 $2 . 50 3 to 4 I mm thick 0.75 1.00 1.50 2.00 0.75 1.00 1 . 50 ;5.()() 5 to 7 J 1.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 1.00 1.50 2.00 4.00 Roentgen iS^' }-"«." 2.25 2.50 5.00 2.50 3.00 2.50 3.00 6.00 3.00 4.00 Colored Smoke 2 to 2.5 ] 0.75 1.00 1.50 2.00 0.75 1.00 1.50 3.50 3 to 4 [ mm thick 1.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 1.00 1.50 2.00 4.25 5 to 7 j 1.50 2.00 3.00 4.25 1.50 2.00 3.00 5.75 Blue 2 to 2.5 1 0.75 1.00 1.50 2.00 0.75 1.00 1.50 3.50 3 to 4 mm thick 5 to 7 j 1.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 1.00 1.50 2.00 4.25 1.50 2.00 3.00 4.25 1.50 2.00 3.00 5.75 Amber 2 to 2 . 5 ) 0.90 1.30 1.75 2.50 0.90 1.30 1.75 4.50 3 to 4 \ mm thick 1.30 1.75 2.50 3.50 1.30 1.75 2.50 5.25 5 to 7 J 1.75 2.50 3.50 5.25 1.75 2.50 3.50 7.00 Amethyst 2 to 2.5 1 1.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 1.00 1.50 2.00 5.00 3 to 4 > mm thick 5 to 7 J 1.50 2.00 3.00 4.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 6.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 6.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 8.00 Fieuza! 2 to 2 . 5 ] 1.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 1.00 1.50 2.00 5.00 3 to 4 > mm thick 1.50 2.00 3.00 4.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 6.00 5 to 7 i 2.00 3.00 4.00 6.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 8.00 Per Pair A B C D A B C D Euphos 2 to 2 . 5 1 $0.50 3 to 4 > mm thick 0.60 5 to 7 j 0.75 Noviol 2 to 6 mm thick 1.50 29 n A u s c n & L o M u /^^s^ optical company SIZES OF FLAT OPTICAL GLASS BLANKS ROUND 30 R A U S C IT L O M I! <) I' T I r .\ L (■ () M !• .\ X Y PRICES FOR FLAT OPTICAL GLASS BLANKS ROUND A R C 51 mm D 57 mm E 63 mm F G 42 mm 47 mm 71 mm 8U mm White Cro-vs^n 2 to 2.5 1 3 to 4 [ mm thick 5 to 7 j $0.50 0.75 1.00 $0.75 1.00 1.50 $1.00 1.50 2.00 $1.75 2.25 3 . 00 $2.50 3 . 00 4.00 $3.25 4 . 00 5.00 $4.00 5.00 6.00 Roentgen 2 to 2.5 1 ,, . , 3 to 4 ) '"•" *'"^'^ 2.50 3.00 Colored Smoke 2 to 2.5 1 3 to 4 V mm thick 5 to 7 j 0.75 1.00 1.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 2.50 3.25 4.25 3.50 4.25 5.50 4.50 5.50 7.00 5.50 7.00 8.50 Blue 2 to 2.5] 3 to 4 \ mm thick 5 to 7 J 0.75 1.00 1.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 2.50 3.25 4.25 3.50 4.25 5.50 4.50 5.50 7.00 5.50 7.00 8.50 Amber 2 to 2.5 1 3 to 4 [ mm thick 5 to 7 i 0.90 1.30 1.75 1.30 1.75 2.50 1.75 2.50 3.50 3.00 4.00 5.25 4.50 5.25 7.00 5.75 7.00 8.75 7.00 8.75 10.50 Ameth>st 2 to 2 . 5 j 3 to 4 [ mm thick 5 to 7 j 1.00 1 50 2.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 3.50 4.50 6.00 5.00 6.00 8.00 6.50 8.00 10.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 Fieuzal 2 to 2 . 5 1 3 to 4 [ mm thick 5 to 7 J 1.00 1.50 2.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 C 3.50 4.50 6.00 5.00 6.00 8.00 6 . 50 S.OO 10.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 Per Pair A B D E F G Euphos 2 to 2.5 1 3 to 4 ;- mm thick 5 to 7 j $0.40 0.45 0.50 Crookes 2 to 2 . 5 ) 3 to 4 • mm thick 5 to 7 j 0.45 O.GO 1.00 Noviol 2 to 6 mm thick 1.20 31 B A U S C ri & L O M n /^^^%\ OPTICAL COMPANY SIZES OF MOULDED OPTICAL GLASS BLANKS ROUND 32 n A U S C H & L O M n /^Sa»\ OPTICAL (' o M I' A X Y PRICES FOR MOULDED OPTICAL GLASS BLANKS ROUND, 6.00 AND 9.00 CURVE A B C D E F Per Dozen Pairs 47 51 57 63 71 80 mm mm mm mm mm mm White 6.00 Curve Crown 2 to 2.5 1 3 to 4 - mm thick 5 to 7 J $1.25 $1.50 $2.00 $2.75 $3.75 $5.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.25 4.50 6.00 2.00 2.50 3.00 4.25 5.50 7.00 Roentgen 2 to 2 . 5 1 . , . , 3 to 4 ) ™"^ *'"^'^ 4.00 5.00 9.00 Curve Crown 2 to 2 . 5 1 3 to 4 r mm thick 5 to 7 j 2.00 2.50 3.00 2.25 3.00 4.00 2.75 3.75 5.00 Colored 6.00 Curve Smoke 2 to 2.5 1 3 to 4 V mm tliick 5 to 7 J 1.75 2.00 2.75 4.00 5.25 7.00 2.00 2.75 3.50 4.75 6.25 8.50 2.75 3.50 4.25 6.00 7.75 9.75 Blue 2 to 2.5] 1.75 2.00 2.75 4.00 5.25 7.00 3 to 4 \ mm thick 2.00 2.75 3.50 4.75 6.25 8.50 5 to 7 J 2.75 3.50 4.25 G.OO 7.75 9.75 Amber 2 to 2.5] 2.25 2.50 3.50 4.75 6.50 8.75 3 to 4 \ mm thick 2.50 3.50 4.50 5.75 8.00 10.50 5 to 7 ) 3.50 4.50 5.25 7.50 9.75 12.25 Amethvst 2 to 2 . 5 1 2.50 3.00 4.00 5.50 7.50 10.00 3 to 4 - mm thick 5 to 7 j 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.50 9.00 12.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 8.50 11.00 14.00 Fieuzal 2 to 2.5 1 2.50 3.00 4.00 5.50 7.50 10.00 3 to 4 \ mm tliick 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.50 9.00 12.00 5 to 7 ) 4.00 5.00 6.00 8.50 11.00 14.00 Per Pair A B C D E F Euphos 6.00 Curve 2 to 2.5] 3 to 4 • mm thick 5 to 7 j $0.50 0.60 0.75 Crookes 6.00 Curve 2 to 2.5 ] 3 to 4 \ ram thick 5 to 7 ) 0.60 0.75 1.15 Noviol 6.00 Curve 2 to 6 mm thick 1.20 33 REPRODUCTION OF OPHTHALMIC LENS CHART DIAGRAMS SHOWING USEFUL FIELD OF VIEW .q-;;-',;: of different Types of + 8 D Ophthalmic Lenses DOUBLE CONVEX USEFUL FIELD 16 elo\v show a double convex and a meniscus convex lens in front of the eye, both of the same power but the meniscus lens over-correcting — stronirer than the flat since in the meniscus lens the l)ack focus, "b," is shorter than the back focus of the flat lens. Therefore, the present way of designating the [)ower of lenses by reciprocals of focal length is not correct, because it measures something which is really of no value to the proper performance of the Urns. The power of a lens, up to the present time, has been measured by com- paring it with that of a lens of the same power but opposite sign, i. e. — by neutralization. This method again is incorrect, since it can be shown that Iwo lenses of 36 L O M R / (•jiiinol \>r nciilnilizcd l)v one Iciis of the opposite sion. The present numner of designalino' the j)()wer of llic lenses, as well as the method of measuring this ])ower, nvv, Iherefore, not defendable. A new and very simple method has been su<;i;ested liv Dr. M. von Rohr in his book, "Das Auo-e und die Brille." He proposes to use the reciprocal of the distance from focal point to lens surface (the back focus) as measure for the effective power of the lens and calls the power thus defined "lirillenscheitcl Refraction" — in English, "Vertex Refraction." We have adopted this system for all Punktal and Katral series and use for it the symbol Dy. To enable the transforming of the present system (D), which we are still using in all flat, periscopic and meniscus lenses, into vertex diopters (Dy), we are showing a compensation table on the following page. The table gives the powers in vertex diopters for the flat, periscopic and meniscus lenses. The vertical column at the extreme left is a reference scale of focus numbers in ordinary diopters. Under the name of each type of lens are two columns; the figures in the first of these are the powers, expressed in vertex diopters (Dy), of lenses whose powers, according to the present system of numbering, are given by the figures appearing in the reference scale at the left. The figures in the second column, under the heading "Substitute," give the power of lenses (present system of numbering) which should be used to provide, as nearly as possible, vertex refraction corresponding to the figures in the reference scale. These results will be approximate, but until lenses are made to conform exactly to the vertex diopter system (Dy),the table of correction is made to under-correct rather than over-correct the difference. For instance, if a 5.00 D double convex lens is found to correct an eye and it is desired to use a meniscus lens, find first the figure 5.00 in the scale at the left. In the same horizontal line in the second column under meniscus convex, we find 4.75 D. This is the number of the meniscus lens which will give correction nearest to that of the 5.00 D double convex. A complete treatise on this subject of Vertex Refraction will be found in our pamphlet, "The Substitution of Meniscus for Flat Oj)hfhalmic Lenses and a New System of Designating their Powers," No. '2 of our "Scientific and Technical Publications." (See page 147.) 37 B A U S C II & L O M n /^^^\ OPTICAL C O M P A N Y COMPENSATION TABLE CONVERTING ORDINARY DIOPTERS (D) INTO VERTEX DIOPTERS (Dv) DOUBLE PERISCOPIG MENISCUS D Convex Concave Convex Concave Convex Concave r) Substi- D„ Substi- D,, Substi- D„ Substi- D„ Substi- D., Substi- LJ-y tute t-'Y tute i^V tute V tute i-'y tute ^^v tute 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 . 25 0.25 0.25 0.20 0.25 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.38 0.37 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.50 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.02 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.63 0.62 0.63 0.62 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.75 0.76 0.75 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.86 0,87 0.88 0.87 0.88 0.87 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.02 1.00 1.02 1.00 1.12 1.11 1.12 1.11 1.12 1.11 1.12 1.11 1.12 1.14 1.12 1.14 1.12 1.25 1.23 1.25 1.23 1.25 1.24 1.25 1.23 1.25 1.27 1.25 1.28 1.25 1.37 1.35 1.37 1.35 1.37 1.36 1.37 1.35 1.37 1.39 1.37 1.40 1.37 1.50 1.48 1.50 1.48 1.50 1.49 1.50 1.48 1.50 1.52 1.50 1.54 1.50 1.62 1.60 1.02 1.60 1.62 1.61 1.62 1.00 1.62 1.65 1.62 1.67 1.62 1.75 1.73 1.75 1.73 1.75 1.74 1.75 1.73 1.75 1.78 1.75 1.80 1.75 2.00 1.98 2.00 1.98 2.00 1.99 2.00 1.97 2.00 2.04 2.00 2.06 2.00 2.25 2.22 2.25 2.22 2.25 2.24 2.25 2.22 2.25 2.29 2.25 2.29 2.25 2.50 2.47 2.50 2.47 2.50 2.49 2.50 2.47 2.50 2.55 2.50 2.55 2.50 2.75 2.72 2.75 2.72 2.75 2.74 2.75 2.71 2,75 2.82 2.75 2.80 2.75 3.00 2.96 3.00 2.95 3.00 2.99 3.00 2.9() 3.00 3.09 3.00 3.06 3.00 3.25 3.21 3.25 3.20 3.25 3.24 3.25 3.20 3.25 3.34 3.25 3.31 3.25 3.50 3.46 3.50 3.45 3.50 3.49 3.50 3.45 3.50 3.60 3.50 3.57 3.50 3.75 3.71 3.75 3.70 3.75 3.74 3.75 3.70 3.75 3.85 3 . 50 3.82 3.75 4.00 3.95 4.00 3.95 4.00 4.00 4.00 3.95 4.00 4.13 3.75 4.07 4.00 4.25 4.20 4.25 4.20 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.20 4.25 4.39 4,00 4.33 4.00 4.50 4.45 4.50 4.44 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.44 4.50 4.65 4,25 4.58 4.25 4.75 4.70 4.75 4.68 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.69 4.75 4.92 4.50 4.84 4.50 5.00 4.95 5.00 4.93 5.00 5.00 5.00 4.93 5.01 5.19 4.75 5.09 4.75 5.25 5.19 5.25 5.18 5.25 5.27 5.25 5.18 5.25 5.45 5.00 5.35 5.00 5.50 5.44 5.50 5.43 5.50 5.52 5.50 5.43 5.50 5.71 5.25 5.01 5.25 5.75 5.69 5.75 5.67 5.75 5.78 5 . 75 5.67 5.75 5.99 5.50 5.86 5.50 6.00 5.94 6.00 5.92 6.00 6.04 6.00 5.92 6.00 6.28 5.75 6.11 5.75 6.50 6.44 6.50 6.41 6.50 6.55 6 . 50 6.41 6.50 6.81 6.00 6.63 6.50 7.00 6.94 7.00 6.90 7.00 7.09 7.00 6.91 7.00 7.38 6.50 7.14 7.00 7.50 7.44 7.50 7.40 7.50 7.60 7.50 7.40 7.50 7.93 7.00 7.65 7 . 50 8.00 7.94 8.00 7.89 8.00 8.14 8.00 7.89 8.00 8.52 7.50 8.16 8.00 8.50 8.44 8 . 50 8.38 8.50 8.65 8.50 8.38 8.50 9.00 8.94 9.00 8.87 9.00 9.18 9.00 8.88 9.00 9.50 9.44 9.50 9.37 9.50 9.72 9.00 9. 37 9.50 10.00 9.94 10.00 9.86 10.00 10.29 9.50 9.87 10.00 10.50 10.46 10.50 10.35 10.50 10.81 10.00 10.36 10.50 11.00 10.96 11.00 10.S4: 11.00 11.35 11.00 10.84 11.00 12.00 11.97 12.00 11. S3 12.00 12.47 12.00 11.84(12.00 13.00 12.99 13.00 12.S2 13.00 13.61 12.00 12.83 13.00 14.00 14.01 14.00 13. SO 14.00 14.76 13.00 13.79 14.00 15.00 15.04 15.00 14.77 15.00 15.99 14.00 14.S1I 15.00 in.oo 16.09 16.00 15.77 16.00 17.25 15.00 15.80 16.00 is.oo 18.18 18.00 17.72 18.00 19.93 16.00 17.78 18.00 20.00 20.34 20.00 19.69 20.00 22.86 18.00 19.74 20.00 38 L O M 15 /V-S!!SS\ O I' T 1 (■ A L CO M I' A \ Y OPHTHALMIC LENSES WITH a defiiiilc knowledge of [\\c rolraclivc and disj)(M"si\(' properties t)f glass, our Scieulific liviroau c'oni])ul(\s llie roniuilie, i. e., llie radii for both sides of the lens and the ceiilei' thickness to which all focused lenses are to be ground. These fornud;e having been accepted and tools and gauges made to conform thereto, it becomes the work of the opera- tives to maintain carefully, by constant gauging, the coi-rcct curvatui-e of the tools. A set of master gauges is approved by the Bureau, and all tools and gauges used in the various stages of manufacture are kept true to curves by comparison with this set. In the manufacture of ophthalmic lenses science and skill have enabled us to achieve results which have made the slogan. Bausch & J^OMU (Quality, svnonymous with the best in lens numufacture. Our lenses are sold in every country in the world and arc universally recognized as representing the highest achievement of the optician's art. For more than sixty years, Bausch & Lomb Quality has been the quality above all others to which lens manufacturers have aspired, and while our early efforts were crude compared to our {)resent day standards, we have always allied ourselves closely with the advancement of the industry. Every detail is constantly under our direct supervision, and every known device is utilized to maintain the greatest possible accuracy. We began the production of lenses with the j)lano and double convex and concave forms, to which were added the periscopic and later the deeper curved and other types. Our records show that we began the production of ophthalmic lenses for the general market in 1878, but much earlier for our own consumption. From a few types of lenses were developed a complete line adequate to meet any demand of the oculist, o})tometrist and optician. All our computations are based on the metric system of measurement, the unit of which is the diopter. The power of a lens is expressed by the recii>rocal of the focal length, or 1 divided by the focal length. Tiie longer the focal length, the weaker the power; the shorter, the stronger. Power is designated by reference to the unit, the diopter. A lens of one meter focus has a power of 1 /I D ; of ^2 meters, 1 /2 1) ; of 1 /-i meter, 4 D, etc. To accommodate the demand for different thicknesses our uncut lenses (note exceptions) are made in Standard and Rimless. The maxinmm devia- tion from these established thicknesses, which is permitted in manufacture, is from 0.2 to 0.4 mm, according as the focus of the lens is strong or weak. Some of the lower priced lenses are oval, large enough to cut the usual run of small eye sizes. We recommend, however, the 47 mm size, which will permit 39 r; A U S C II & LOME /0^^ OPTICAL COMPANY cuttiiii;' nol only all standanl sizes, hut also cuttintf to the optical center of the lens all sizes uj) to, and including, OOOV eye. This will be found particu- larly useful for cylinder combinations. AVith the introduction of the Punktal and Katral lenses, to which more complete reference is made in subsequent pages of this catalog, it is found necessary to designate our various types of ophthalmic lenses by series on account of their varying properties. To distinguish them we have applied trade names as follows : Centex — Represents our standard of production which has given Bausch & LoAiB Lenses the reputation they now enjoy. This series will continue to be, for some time at least, the lens for general use. In optical correction they are e(|ual to the Primex.but surface quality is measured by our standard method, and thickness is limited to the variations given on page 4,5. They are, like the Primex series, based on the j)resent system of refraction; that is to say, the convex and concave powers neutralize each other and conform to the double convex and concave lenses of the trial case now generally in use. The negative powers are computed to their exact diopter values, while the positive powers are made sufficiently weaker to compensate for the difference in center thick- ness. Reference should be made to the table of stock foci on page 43, which also shows the diiference in powers as measured for vertex refraction (Dy)- Primex — Rej>resents a lens of the best surface (juality, free from strain and of accurate centration. Each lens is carefully tested for these important factors; optical center is indicated, and thickness for all foci selected to accommodate If mm strap for 00 eye size. Lenses of this series are made 47 mm round, in toric form only, (0.00 Base Curve). They are based on the (D) method of refraction and designed to meet the demand for a high-grade lens, differing from the Punktal series in the fact that the marginal zones are not so well corrected. Punktal — Corresponding to the anastigmat lens in the [)hotographic field, the Punktal lens represents the acme of o[)hthalmic lens production. No base curve is employed, the curves recpiired to correct (>acli power being computed separately, thus giving asfigmafic corrcciion in all poiccra to the margin of the lens. Every surface is carefully tested for wavy irregularities and strain. Center is indicated with but a small minimum of allowance, and thickness is controlled, for 000 eye, to fit a If strap. These lenses are based on the vertex system of refraction (Dy) , made in toric form and in foci up to, and including, 7.00 Dy in plus and 20.00 Dy in minus ])owers. The positive and negative powers of this series are computed to their exact diopter powers, i. e., they do not neutralize each other, and in connection therewith the trial case lenses made by us and illustrated in our catalog of 40 B A U S C H & L O M n -^^^E^ OPTICAL COM V A N T Oplillialmic Apparalus should prcffrahly he used. Tlic onliiiarv Icsl It-uses of double couvex aud coucavc forui, however, if carofullv couipulcd, will serve the purpose with small aud allowahle diiVereuces (see I'auiphlet No. 5, "Scientific aud Technical Publications"). A small reproduction of our trade mark, ^, is lightly engraved on the surface of each lens, ii(>ar llie margin. A more tletailed description of these lenses is found on pages 75 to 77. Katral - Have the same optical qualities as the Punktal but are intended for the correction of cataract cases. They are made in all foci stronger than 7.00 Dy plus and to order only. Each individual case requires special formula', for which detailed information is given in subsetjuent })ages of this catalog. (See page 80.) Unibral — Represents a new line of colored focused lenses in which the absorj)tion is uniform over the entire surface of the lens. They are designed for high grade optical work and made exclusively in toric form. These lenses are supplied in the Punktal and Primex series only. As previously stated, it is not always possible to match shades exactly, and we allow ourselves some variation of shade either way. In ordering our lenses it is essential to specify "Bausch & Lomb" in addi- tion to the designation representing the series desired. On a subsequent page we give illustrations of our lens labels, from which the labeling of our various grades may be recognized. All Uncut Lenses are packed in envelopes either singly or in pairs, except Piano, Sphero, oval. Flat Rough Cylinders, Colored, Piano and Rough Prisms, Coquille and Mi-Co(juille, oval. These are packed in paper wrappers. As our lenses are distributed through the wholesale trade, they are put up — in their individual envelopes or wrappers — in packages of so-called minimum quantities, and in these packages sold at the regular dozen prices. When ordered in less than minimum tpiantities, necessitating the breaking of pack- ages, an extra charge is made to cover the cost of repacking. (See table of minimum quantities, pages 46 and 47.) For the convenience of the trade, our lens containers and envelopes of Centex, Primex, Punktal and Katral series are market! with the foci accortling to the system of measurement applying to each series. As the vertex refrac- tion method seems certain to become the stantlard of the future, the table on page 138 will assist materially in determining the relative tlifferences. We offer a lens of Portex quality in the Piano, oval antl round, Periscopic, Convex, oval. Double Convex, oval and rountl, and Meniscus Piano. Portex designates second choice of selection. 41 R A U S C II & LOME /^^^ OPTICAL COMPANY FACSIMILE DISPLAY OF B. & L. LENS LABELS 42 r, A XT S C H L o M rs O I' T 1 C. A L <) M 1' A N Y PRIMEX AND CENTEX FOCI AND CODE These lenses conform to the oUl (1)) nielhod of refraction, ilic vertex refraction (I)^.) Ix-iri^' f,Mven for comparison only. This tal)le specifies the foci rcffularly carried in stock and will serve as a jrnide in ordering,'. The following foci are fnrnished withont extra charge, hnt only in white Spherical and Flat Piano-Cylinders 0.G8, 1.87, 2.12, 2.'M, 2.(i2, 2.87, 6.2.5, 6.75. Code for Spherical (donhle), Cylinder and Prism, is for white lenses finished on both sides, of standard thickness. Add the words Rongh, Piano, Periscopic, Meniscus, Smoke, Blue, Aml)er, Amethyst, Fieuzal, Crookes, Noviol, Eujjhos or Rimless when such lenses are ordered. Use Sphere and Cylinder code words together for Sphero-Cylinder combinations. Code for Toric is for one surface, the other surface to be designated Rough or Piano as desired. If Sphere, use code word for Sphero focus wanted. SPHERO CYLINDER TORIC D + - + - Cy + - Dv Code Dv Code Dv Code Dv Code D Dv Code JDv Code 1^ 25 37 0,12 0,25 0.37 Skell Skiff Skull 0.12 Search 0.25 Seam 0.37! Script 0.12 0.25 0.37 Commerce Commode Common 0.12 0.25 0.37 Cricket Crisis Critic 0.12: 0.13 0.25 0.25 0.37 0.37 Thatch Theist Thew 0.13 0.26 0.38 Tub Tube Tuck 50 62 7^ 0.50 0.62 0.75 Sketch Skout Skate 0.50 Screw . 62 Screen 0.75, Scrap 0.50 0.62 0.74 Compass Complex Concern 0.49 0.62 0.74 Cross Crown Crumb 0.50 0.50 0.62 0.63 0.75 0.76 Thing Thight Thirst 0.51 0.63 0.76 Tuft Tug Tulip 87 00 12 86 99 1.11 Size Sky Strip 0.86 0.99 1.11 Scotch Scoop Solar 0.86 0.99 1.11 Cone Congress Cause 0.86 0.99 1.11 Crystal Culprit Coast 0.87 0.88 1.00 1.02 1.12 1.14 Thack Thole Thallus 0.88 1.02 1.14 Tucan Tune Tugger 25 37 50 1.23 1.35 1.48 Six Stud Sink 1.23 1.35 1.48 Science Song School 1.24 1.36 1.48 Concord Cash Consul 1.23 1.35 1 48 Current Cloud Cutter I.25I 1.27 1.37 1.39 I.5O1 1.52 Thong Tharms Thorn 1.28 1.40 1.54 Tunic TuU Turban 2 62 75 00 1.60 1.73 1.9S Stvle Sin Silver 1.60 1.73 1.98 Sort Scholar Scent 1.60 1.73 1.98 Car Contra Cool 1.60 1.73 1.97 Clock Custom Cushion 1.62 1.65 1.75! 1.78 2.00 2 04 Theban Thistle Thrash 1.67 1.80 2.06 Tumbler Tumid Turf 2 2 2 25 ?5 2 22 2^47 2.72 Silk Sign Siege 2.22 2.47 2.72 Scar Scale Saw 2.23 2.48 2.72 Concert Copper Copy 2.22 2.47 2.72 Curve Cube Cubic 2 25' 2.29 2 50 2 55 2.75 2.82 Thread Threat Thresh 2.29 2.55 2.80 Turn Turret Turtle 3 3 3 00 25 50 75 00 25 2 96 3.21 3.46 Side Sick Shrew 2.95 3.20 3.45 Sand Salt Saint 2.97 3.22 3.47 Coral Cord Comet 2.96 3.21 3.45 Cuckoo Cudden Cue 3.00 3 09j Threw 3.25 3.34 Thrift 3.50 3.60 Thrill ' 3 06 3.31 3.57 Tusk Tutor Turnip 3 4 4 3 71 3 95 4.20 Show Show Shoal 3.70 Saddle 3.95 Sabre 4.20 Sack 3.72 3.97 4.23 Consort Corsair Cost 3 70 3.95 4.19 Cuff Culture Cup 3.75 3.85 4 00 4 13 4.251 4.39 Thrive Throb Throe 3.82! Tumor 4 071 Tunnel 4.33 Turbot 4 4 5 50' 4 45 75 4 70 00 4 95 Ship Shield Sheet 4.44 Saba 4.68: Sacred 4.93| Sail 4.48 Cork 4.73 Count 4.98 Counter 4.44 4.69 4.93 Cupola Curlew Curtain 4.50 4.05 4.75 4.92 5. 00, 5.20 Thorne Thrum Thrust 4. .58; Tureen 4.84| Turgid 5.09 Twang 5 5 5 25 50 75 5.19 5.44 5.69 Sway Sheath Swell 5.18 5.43 5.67 Spirit Sage Spline 5.24 5.49 5.75 Calk Corona Calibre 5.18 5.43 5.68 Citizen Custard Circus 5. J 5,E 5.' 5' 5.45 5.71 5 5.99 Thumb Thump Thwart 5.35 5 61 5.86 Twig Twill Twirl 6 6 7 00 50 00 5.94 6.44 6.94 Sharp Sextant Settle 5.92 6.41 6.90 Saline Sallet Salve 6.01 6.52 7.04 Counsel Courage Court 5.92 6.41 6.91 C!uban Cuirass Cumber 61 6.28 Thyme 6.11 Twit 7 8 50 7 44 00 7 94 Session Service String 7.40 Saitant 7.89 Sandal 7.55 Cow 8.O9I Crab 7.40 7.89 Culvert Cupid 8 50 8.44 8.38 Spoon 9 9 00 50 00 8 94 9 44 9.94 Sebate Swipe Sedan 8.87 9.37 9.86 Sample Spray Salute PR ISMS lU 10 11 50 00 10.46 10 96 Swival Secess Section Secant Secret Seed Secle Second Season 10.35' Spring 10.84 Sallv A Code A Code A Code A Code 12 13 14 15 16 18 20 OU 00 00 Z 11.9/ 12.99 114.01 15.04 16.09 18.18 20.34 11.83 12.82 13.80 14.77 15.77 17.72 19 69 Sagene Sabian Sabot Save Sacrist Savage Saturn 0.50 0.75 100 1.50 2.00 250 Pace Parish Paddle Pagan Pail Paint 3.00 3 50 400 5 00 6.00 7.00 Palace Palette Panic Parrot Peace Pedal 8.00 900 10.00 1100 12.00 13.00 Pension Pepper Period Person Petal Piece 14.00 15 00 16 00 17 00 18 00 19.00 20.00 Pilgrim Pillow Pine Plank Play Plate Plume 43 15 A U S C 11 L O M B O P T I C A L COM P A N Y PUNKTAL AND KATRAL FOCI AND CODE Code for Sphere and Cylinder is for white lenses, finished on botli sides. Add the name of color when colored lenses are ordered. Use Sphero and Cylinder code words for Sphero-Cylinder combinations. PUNKTAL SPHERO CYLINDER Focus Code Code Focus Code Code Dv + — Dv + — 25 Pabular Pagadom 25 Palatal Palestra 0.50 Pabulum Paganic 50 Palate Palestric 75 Paca Paganize 0.75 Palatial Palestrical 1 00 Pacable Paganly 1 00 Palatic Palet 1 25 Pacane Page 1 25 Palatine Paletot 1.50 Pacate Pageant 1.50 Palato Palewise 1.75 Pacation Pagina 1.75 Palaver Palfry 2 00 Paced Pagine 2.00 Pale Palgrave 2.25 Pacha Pagod 2.25 Paleface Pali 2.50 Pachalic Pagodite 2 50 Palely Paliform 2.75 Pachi.si Paguma 2.75 Paleness Palling 3.00 Pachy Pah 3.00 Palenque Palinode 3 25 Pacific Pahleyi 3 25 Paleo Palisade 3.50 Pacify Paid 3 50 Palelola Palish 3.75 Pack Paien 3 75 Paleous Palkee 4.00 Package Paigle 4 00 Pale-sie Pall 4.25 Packer Pailful 4.50 Packling Pailinail 4.75 Packman Pain 5.00 Paco Painable 5.50 Pact Painful 6.00 Paction Painim 6.50 Pacu Painless 7.00 Pad Pains 7.50 Painted 8.00 Painting 8.50 Paintless 9.00 Painture 9.50 Painty 10.00 Pairer 10.50 Pairing 11.00 Pairnient 12.00 Paise 13.00 Pajock 14.00 Pakfong 15.00 Pal 16.00 Paldin 18.00 Palaina 20.00 Paianka KATRAL SPHERO CYLINDER Focus Code Focus Code Dv + Dv + 7.50 Palladic 0.50 Palmic 8.00 Pallah 1.00 Palmite 8.50 Pallet 1.50 Palmittin 9 00 Pallial 2.00 Palmy 9.50 Palliaid 2.50 10.00 Palliate 3.00 Palp 10.50 PalUd 3.50 11.00 Pallium 4.00 11.50 Pallmall 12 00 Pallone 12.50 Pallor 13.00 Palm 13.50 Palmar 14.00 Palmate 14.50 Palmed 15.00 Palmette 44 B A U S C II L O M li O 1' T I (■ A L <) M 1' A N Y THICKNESS OF UNCUT LENSES Centex Lenses tire snp])lie(l in Standard and Uimloss tliickncss, witli an allowanre of .2 nnii each way. The nieasurenicnts are A N V PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES PLANO (CONTINUED) CENTEX ROUND Per Dozen Pairs 42 mm 47 mm 51 mm 57 mm 63 mm 71 ' mm 80 Stan. Rim. Stan. Rim. mm White Piano Flat $1.25 $1.40 $1.60 $1.85 $2.50 $3.00 $4.00 $5.25 $7.00 Piano 1 . 25 Curve .... 1.50 1.65 1.85 2.10 2.50 3.00 4.00 5 . 25 7.00 Piano COO Curve .... 3.50 4.00 5.00 6.50 8.00 10.50 13.00 Piano 9 . 00 Curve .... 7.00 Smoke Piano Flat 1.75 1.90 2.25 2.50 3.50 4.25 5.50 7.25 10.00 Piano 1 . 25 Curve .... 2.00 2.15 2.50 2.75 3.50 4.25 5.50 7.25 10.00 Piano 6.00 Curve .... 5.00 5.50 7.00 9.00 11.25 14.75 18.00 Piano 9 . 00 Curve .... 10.00 Blue Piano Flat 1.75 1.90 2.25 2.50 3.50 4.25 5.50 7.25 10.00 Piano 1 . 25 Curve .... 2.00 2.15 2.50 2.75 3.50 4.25 5.50 7.25 10.00 Piano 6.00 Curve .... 5.00 5.50 7.00 9.00 11.25 14.75 18.00 Piano 9.00 Curve .... 10.00 Amber Piano Flat 2.25 2.40 3.00 3.25 4.50 5.25 7.00 9.25 12.25 Piano 1.25 Curve .... 2.50 2.65 3.25 3.50 4.50 5.25 7.00 9.25 12.25 Piano 6 . 00 Curve .... 6.25 6.75 8.75 11.25 14.00 18.25 22.50 Piano 9 . 00 Curve .... 12.25 Amethyst Piano Flat 2.50 2.65 3.25 3.50 5.00 6.00 8 00 10..>() 14.00 Piano 1 . 25 Curve .... 3.00 3.15 3.75 4.00 5.00 6.00 8.00 10.50 14. 00 Piano 6.00 Curve .... 7.00 7.50 10.00 13.00 16.00 21.00 26.00 Piano 9.00 Curve .... 14.00 Fieuzal Piano Flat 2.50 2.65 3.25 3.50 5.00 6.00 8.00 10.50 14.00 Piano 1 . 25 Curve .... 3.00 3.15 3.75 4.00 5.00 6.00 1 8.00 10.50 14. 00 Piano (i.OO Curve .... 7.00 7.50 10.00 13.00 16.00 21.0(1 ^26.(10 Piano 9.00 Curve .... 14.00 i 1 : EXTRAS Gauged lense.s, ordered in mm thickne-ss, wliifh can be selected from .stock: Oval 42 mm Round 47 mm Round Gauged lenses, orderci price of regular lenses. 50 cents per dozen pairs extra. 50 cents ()er dozen pairs extra. 75 cents per dozen pairs extra, in nun tliickncss, wliicli camiot he .selected from stock, Ihrce times the 55 B A U S C H & L O M C /^^2%\ OPTICAL COMPANY PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES PLANO AND DOUBLE CENTEX Object Target Image as Seen Through Lens White lenses are supplied regularly of our Crown Glass. Roentgen and focused colored lenses are made to order only. Per Dozen Fairs OVAL 44 X 34 mm Stan. Rim. ROUND 42 mm Stan. Rim. ROUND 47 mm Stan. Rim. Piano 12 to 2 00 2 25 to 4 25 4 50 to G 00 6 50 to 8 00 8 50 to 10 00 10 50 to 13 00 14 00 to 16 00 18 00 to 20 00 J + or Double 12 to 2 00 2 25 to 4 25 4 50 to G 00 G 50 to 8 00 8 50 to 10 00 10 50 to 13 00 14 00 to IG 00 18 00 to 20 00 J + or $1.15 1.40 1.65 1.90 $1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 $1.50 1.75 2.00 2.50 3.00 4.50 6.00 7.50 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.50 3.50 4.50 6.00 $1.65 1.90 2.15 2.65 $2.00 2.50 3.00 3.75 B2.25 2.75 3.25 4.00 1.40 1.65 1.90 2.15 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.75 2.25 2.75 3.25 4.00 EXTRAS Lenses centered (center indicated) 15 cents per dozen pairs extra. Gauged lenses ordered in mm thicliness, which can be selected from stock, 44 X 34 Oval, 50 cents per dozen pairs extra. 42 mm Round, 50 cents per dozen pairs extra. 47 mm Round, 75 cents per dozen pairs extra. Gauged lenses, ordered in mm thickness, which cannot be selected from stock, three times the price of regular lenses. 56 V. A U S C II & L O M I! /@^%\ OPTICAL C O M I' A X \ PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES PERISCOPIC (1.25 CURVE) CENTEX Object Target Image as Seen Through Lens White lenses are supplied regularly of our Crown Glass. Roentgen and focused colored lenses are made to order only. OVAL ROUND Per Dozen Pairs 45x35.5 mm 42 mm 47 mm Stan. Rim. Stan. Rim. Stan. Rim. White 0.12 to 2.00 1 $1.50 $1.60 $1.75 $1.90 $2.00 $2.25 2.2.5 to 4.25 1.75 1.85 2.00 2.15 2.50 2.75 4.50 to COO 2.00 2.10 2.25 2.40 3.00 3.25 C . 50 to 8 . 00 2.50 2.60 2.75 2.90 3.75 4.00 8.50 to 10.00 + or — 3.50 10.50 to 13.00 4.50 14.00 to 16.00 6.00 18.00 to 20.00 J 7.50 Smoke and Blue 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.00 2.20 3.00 3.35 2.25 to 4.25 2.50 2.70 3.50 3.85 4.50to().00 + °' 3.00 3.20 4.25 4.60 6.50 to 8.00 J 3.50 3.70 5.25 5.60 Amber 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.75 2.95 3.50 3.85 2.25 to 4.25 , 3.25 3.45 4.25 4.60 4.50 to 6.00 "^ °^ 6.50 to 8.00 J 4.00 4.20 5.25 5.60 5.00 5.20 6.50 6.85 Amethyst and Fieuzal 0.12 to 2.00 1 3.00 3.20 4.00 4.35 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 I 3.50 3.70 5.00 5.35 4.50 to 6.00 "^ °'" 4.00 4.20 6.00 6.35 6.50 to 8. 00 J 5.00 5.20 7.50 7.85 EXTRAS Lense.s centered (center indicated), 15 cents per dozen pairs extra. Gauged lenses, ordered in nun thickness, which can be selected from stocli. Oval 50 cents per dozen pajrs extra. 42 mm Round 50 cents per dozen pairs extra. 47 mm Round 75 cents per dozen pairs extra. Gauged lenses, ordered in mm thickness, which cannot be selected from stock, three times the price of regular lenses. 57 B A U S C H & L O M B /J5™aoX OPTICAL COM P A N T PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES MENISCUS (6.00 AND 9.00 CURVE) CENTEX Object Target Image as Seen Through Lens White lenses are supplied regularly of our Crown Glass. Roentgen and focused colored lenses are made to order only. Per Dozen Pairs White - 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 ■1 . 50 to G . 00 G.50 to 8.00 ROUND 47 mm Standard Rimless + + 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to ■! . 25 4 . 50 to (i . 00 6.50 to 8.00 J } White 9.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to (i.OO G . 50 to 8 . 00 4 50 G 00 7 50 1) 00 G 00 7 50 !) 00 12 00 5.00 G.50 8.00 9.50 Per Dozen Pairs Smoke and Blue 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to GOO G . 50 to 8 . 00 J + + + 9.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to G.OO G . 50 to 8 . 00 9.00 12.00 15.00 18.00 12.00 15.00 18.00 24 . 00 I 4 6.00 Curv G.50 I 0.12 to 2.00 8.00 i 2.25 to 4.25 9.50 12.50 9.50 12.50 15.50 18.50 12.50 15.50 18.50 21.50 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 G.50 to 8,00 , Amber - 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to GOO G.50 to 8.00 + 6.00 Curve . 12 to 2 . 00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6.50 to 8.00 \ + ROUND 47 mm Standard Rimless $ C.50 $ 7.00 8.50 9.00 10.50 11.00 12.50 13.00 8 . 50 9.00 10.. 50 11.00 ' 12.50 13.00 16.75 17.25 8.00 8.50 10.50 11.00 113.00 13.50 15.75 16.25 10., 50 11.00 U5.00 13.50 15.75 16.25 21.00 21.50 58 L O M li () I' 'I' I <■ A L (■ () M 1' A X Y PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES MENISCUS (6.00 AND 9.00 CURVR) (CONTINUED) CENTEX White lenses are supplied regularly of our Crown Glass. Roentgen and focused colored lenses are made to order onlv. ROUND ROUND Per Dozen Pairs 47 mm Per Dozen Pairs 47 mm Standard Rimless Standard Rimless Amethyst Fieuzal — 6.00 Curve - 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 ^ $ 9.00 $ 9.50 . 12 to 2 . 00 $ 9.00 $ 9.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 2.5 • + 12.00 12.50 2.25 to 4.25 , _t_ 12.00 12.50 4.50 to 6.00 15.00 15.50 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 \ 15.00 15.50 6.50 to 8.00 J 18.00 18.50 6.50 to 8.00 18.00 18.50 + 6.00 Curve + 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 12.00 12.50 0.12 to 2.00 12.00 12.50 2.25 to 4.25 15.00 15.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 15.00 15.50 4.50 to 6.00 18.00 18.50 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 r 18.00 18.50 6.50 to 8.00 24.00 24.50 6.50 to 8.00 24.00 24.50 EXTRAS Lenses, centered (center indicated) 15 cents per dozen pairs e.xtra. Gauged lenses, ordered in mm thickness, which can be selected from stock, $1.50 per dozen pairs extra. Gauged lenses, ordered in mm thickness, which cannot be selected from stock, prices on request. 59 B A U S C H LOME OPTICAL COM P A N Y PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES FLAT ROUGH CYLINDER CENTEX White lenses are supplied regularly of our Crown Glass. Roentgen and focused colored lenses are made to order only. Per Dozen Pairs White-Rough (Cyl. side ground and polished) 0.12 to 2.00 , + or — 2 to 2.. 5 mm thick 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to COO I 6.50 to 8.00 J 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to C . 00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 J 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.25 to 4.25 j 4.50 to 6.00 f 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 J . 12 to 2 . 00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6.50 to 8.00 + or — 3 to 4 mm thick + or — 5 to 7 mm thick + or — 8 to 10 mm thick Smoke- and Blue- Rough (Cyl. side ground and polished) 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 , 50 to 6 . 00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 + or — 2 to 2.5 mm thick I + or — 3 to 4 mm thick 1 , + or — [ 5 to 7 mm thick 1 + or- [ 8 to 10 mm thick SQUARE 42 mm $2.00 2.50 3.00 3.75 2.25 2.75 3.25 4.00 2.75 3.25 3.75 4.50 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.25 2.75 3.50 4.25 5.25 3.25 3.75 4.50 5.50 3.75 4.50 5.25 6.25 5.00 5.75 6.25 7.25 ROUND 47 mm $2.50 3.00 4.00 5.00 2.75 3.25 4.25 5.25 3.25 3.75 6.50 3.50 4.25 5.50 7.00 3.75 4.50 5.75 7.25 4.50 5.25 6.50 8.00 5.50 6.25 7.50 9.00 Per Dozen Pairs Amber-Rough (Cyl. side ground and polished) 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 + or — 2 to 2.5 mm thick + or — 3 to 4 mm thick + or — 5 to 7 mm thick + or- 8 to 10 mm thick Amethyst- and Fieuzal- Rough (Cyl. side ground and polished) 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 + or — 2 to 2.5 mm thick + or — 3 to 4 mm thick + or — 5 to 7 mm thick + or — 8 to 10 mm thick SQUARE 42 mm $3.50 4.25 5.25 6.50 4.00 4.75 5.75 7.00 4.75 5.50 6.50 7.75 6.25 7.00 8.00 9.25 ROUND 47 mm $ 4.50 5.25 7.00 8.75 5.00 5.75 7.50 9.25 5.75 6.50 8.25 10.00 7.00 7.75 9.50 11.25 5.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 5.50 6.50 8.50 10.50 6.50 7.50 9.50 11.50 8.00 9.00 11.00 13.00 60 15 .V r s (' )i & I. o M n /;^%\ <) 1' r i c .\ h <• o .m v a .\ v PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES FLAT PLANO-CYLINDER CENTEX Object Target Image as Seen Through Lens White lenses are siipplierl regularly of our Crown Glass. Roentgen and focu.sed colored len.ses are made to ortler only. SQUARE ROUND Per Dozen Pairs 42 mm 47 mm Stan. Rim. Stan. Rim. White 0.12 to 2.00 1 $2.00 $2.25 $2.50 $2.85 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 [ 4.50 to 6.00 +"'■ 2.50 3.00 2.75 3.25 3.00 4.00 3.35 4.35 6.50 to 8.00 J 3.75 4.00 5.00 5.35 Smoke and Blue 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.75 3.10 3.50 4.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 1 4.50 to 6.00 [ + °'" 6.50 to 8.00 3.50 4.25 3.85 4.60 4.25 5.50 4.75 6.00 5.25 5.60 7.00 7.50 Amber 0.12 to 2.00 1 3.50 3.85 4.50 5.00 2.25 to 4.25 , 4.50 to 6.00 + °^ 4.25 5.25 4.60 5.60 5.25 7.00 5.75 7.50 6.50 to 8.00 J 6.50 6.85 8.75 9.25 Amethyst and Fieuzal 0.12 to 2.00 1 5.00 5.50 2.25 to 4.25 6.00 6.50 4.50 to 6.00 + "'^ 6.50 to 8.00 J 8.00 8.50 10.00 10.50 EXTRAS Lenses, ordered in mm thickness, which can be .selected from stock, $1.50 per dozen pairs extra. Gauged lenses, ortlered in mm thickness, which cannot be selectetl from stock, prices on request. 61 BAUSCH & LOME /^SS\ O P T I C .\ L C O M P A X Y PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES FLAT SPHERO-CYLINDER AND CROSS-CYLINDER CENTEX Object Tarcjkt White lenses are supplied regularly of our Crown Glass. Roentgen and focused colored lenses are made to order only. Image as Seen Through Lens SOUARE ROUND Per Dozen Pairs 42 mm 47 mm Stan. Rim. Stan. Rim. Sphero-Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 1 _ 2.25 to 4.25 +^ + $3.50 4.50 $3.85 4.85 $4.50 6.00 $5.00 6.50 4.50 to 6.00 "'' 6.00 6.35 7.50 8.00 6.50 to 8.00 J ^ 7.50 7.85 9.00 9.50 0.12 to 2.00 I _ 2.25 to 4.25 +^ "~ 5.00 6.00 5.35 6.35 6.00 7.50 6.50 8.00 4.50 to 6.00 ^ 6.50 to 8.00 J ~^ + 7.50 9.00 7.85 9.35 9.00 10.50 9.50 11.00 Cross-Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 1 . 00 9.35 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 + or- 10.00 12.00 10.35 12.35 6.50 to 8.00 15.00 15.35 EXTRAS Lenses, ordered in mm thickness, which can be selected from stock, $1.50 per dozen pairs extra. Gauged lenses, ordered in nmi thickness, which cannot be selected from stock, prices on request. B A U S C II L O M R /V^SS^ O I' T I (' A L (' O M I' A N Y PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES TORIC ROUGH CYLINDER (6.00 AND 9.00 CURVE) (TORIC SIDE GROUND AND POLISHED) CENTEX White lenses are supplied regularly of our Crown Glass. Roentgen and focused colored lenses are made to order only. Per Dozen Pairs SQUARE 47 mm Per Dozen Pairs SQUARE 47 mm White + 6.00 Curve 0.1'2 to "2. 00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 2.5 2 to 2 . 5 mm 4.50 to 6.00 thick 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 I 0.12 to 2.00] 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 [ 3 to 4 mm 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 j thick 6.50 to 8.00 J 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 5 to 7 mm 4.50 to 6.00 thick 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00] 2.25 to 4.25 8 to 10 mm 4.50 to 6.00 thick 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 1 White —6 .00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00] 2.25 to 4.25 2 to 2.5 mm 4.50 to 6.00 thick 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 J 0.12 to 2.00] 2.25 to 4.25 3 to 4 mm 4.50 to 6.00 thick 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00' 2.25 to 4.25 5 to 7 mm 4.50 to 6.00 thick 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00] 2.25 to 4.25 [ 8 to 10 mm 4.50 to 6.00 { thick 6.50 to 8. 00 J & 6.00 7.50 9.00 13.50 6.75 8.25 9.75 14.25 7.50 9.00 10.50 15.00 9.00 10.50 12.00 16.50 7 . 50 9.00 12.00 18.00 8.25 9.75 12.75 18.75 9.00 10.50 13.50 19.50 10.50 12.00 15.00 21.00 White + 9.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 ] 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 I 2 to 2.5 mm 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 tiiick 6.50 to 8.00 J 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 3 to 4 mm thick 6.50 to 8.00 J 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 5 to 7 mm 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 thick 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 U.50 to 8.00 8 to 10 mm thick Smoke + 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.25 to 4.25 I 2 to 2.5 mm 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 I 0.12 to 2.00] 2.25 to 4.25 I 4.50 to 6.00 j 6.50 to 8.00 J 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 thick !> to 4 mm thick 5 to 7 mm thick 8 to 10 mm thick $12.00 15.00 18.00 24.00 13.50 16.50 19.50 25.50 15.00 18.00 21.00 27.00 18.00 21.00 24.00 30.00 8.50 10.50 12.50 16.75 9 . 50 11.50 13.75 18.25 10.50 12.50 15.00 19.75 12.50 14.75 17.50 22.25 63 B A U S C H L O M R OPTICAL COMPANY PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES TORIC ROUGH CYLINDER (6.00 AND 9.00 CURVE) (TORIC SIDE GROUND AND POLISHED) (CONTINUED) CENTEX White lenses are supplied regularly of our Crown Glass. Roentgen and focused colored lenses are made to order only. Per Dozen Pairs SQUARE Per Dozen Pairs SQUARE 47 mm 47 mm Blue + 6.00 Curve Amethyst + 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2,00 $ 8.50 0.12 to 2.00 $12.00 2.25 to 4.25 ^l to 2.5 mm 10.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 2 to 2 . 5 mm 15.00 4.50 to 6.00 thick 12.50 4.50 to 6.00 f thick 18.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 16.75 6.50 to 8.00 24.00 0.12 to 2.00 9.50 0.12 to 2.00 13.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 :? to 4 mm 11.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 [ 3 to 4 mm 16.50 4.50 toC.OO 1 thick - 13.75 4 . 50 to . 00 tliick 19.50 6.50 to 8.00 . 18.25 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 25.50 0.12 to 2.00 10.50 0.12 to 2.00 1 15.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 5 to 7 nun 12.50 2.25 to 4.25 5 to 7 mm 18.00 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 thick 15.00 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 tliick 21.00 6.50 to 8.00 19.75 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 27 . 00 0.12 to 2.00 12.50 0.12 to 2.00 18.00 2.25 to 4.25 8 to 10 mm 14.75 2.25 to 4.25 8 to 10 mm 21.00 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 thick 17.50 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 thick 24.00 6.50 to 8.00 J 22.25 6.50 to 8.00 J 30.00 Amber Fieuzal + 6.00 Curve + 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1 10. 50 0.12 to 2.00 1 12.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 2 to 2 . 5 mm 13.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 2 to 2 . 5 mm 15.00 4.50 to 6.00 thick 15.75 4.50 to 6.00 thick 18.00 6.50 to 8.00 J 21.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 J 24.00 0.12 to 2.00 1 11.75 0.12 to 2.00 1 13.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 3 to 4 mm 14.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 [ 3 to 4 mm 10.50 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 thick 17.25 4.50 to 6.00 thick 19.50 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 22.50 6.50 to 8.00 j 25.50 0.12 to 2.00 1 13.00 0.12 to 2.00 1 15.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 5 to 7 mm 16.00 2.25 to 4.25 5 to 7 mm 18.00 4.50 to 6.00 tliick 19.00 4.50 to 6.00 thick 21.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 J 24.50 6.50 to 8.00 J 27 . 00 0.12 to 2.00 1 15.50 0.12 to 2.00 1 18.00 2.25 to 4.25 8 to 10 mm 18.50 2.25 to 4.25 S to 10 mm 21.00 4.50 to 6.00 thick 21.50 4.50 to 6.00 j thick 24.00 6.50 to 8.00 j 27.00 6.50 to 8.00 J 30.00 64 r, A T S C II & L O M B /^So5\ OPTICAL COMPANY PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES TORIC PLANO-CYLINDER (6.00 AND 9.00 CURVE) CENTEX Object Target Image as Seen Through Lens White lenses are supplietl regularly of our Crown Glass. Roentgen and focused colored lenses are made to order only. Per Dozen Pairs Piano-Cylinder White + 6.00 Curve O.l^ to '■2.00 1 2 . 25 to -1 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 + + 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.25 to 4.25 _ 4.50 to 6.00 ■ ■ 6.50 to 8.00 J + 9.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 J + SQUARE 47 mm Stan. i 9.00 12.00 15.00 18.00 12.00 15.00 18.00 24.00 18.00 21.00 24.00 30.00 Rim. & 9.50 12.50 15 . .50 18.50 12.50 15.50 18.50 24.50 18.50 21.50 24.50 30.50 Per Dozen Pairs + Amber 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 + Fieuzal and Amethyst 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 J + SQUARE 47 mm Stan. Piano-Cylinder Colored + 6.00 Curve Blue and Smoke 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 Rim. $12.60 16.80 21.00 25.20 15.75 21.00 26.25 31.50 $13.10 17.30 21.50 25.70 16.25 21.50 26.75 32 . 00 18.00 18.50 24.00 24.50 30.00 ! 30.50 36.00 I 36.50 EXTRAS Gauged lenses, ordered in millimeter thickness, which can be selected from stock, $1.50 per dozen pairs extra. Gauged lenses, ordered in millimeter thickness, which cannot be selected from stock, prices on request. 6i! B A TT S C II fc L O M B /^^I^X OPTICAL COMPANY PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES TORIC SPHERO-CYLINDER ( 6.00 AND 9.00 CURVE ) CENTEX Object Target Image as Seen 'J'hrouch Lens Wliite lenses are supplied regularly of oiu" Crown Glass. Roentgen and focused colored lenses are made to order only. Per Dozen Pairs Sphero-Cylinder White + 6.00 Curve + + 0.12 to 2.00 C ( 2.25 to 4.25 C [ SQUARE 47 mm Stan. Rim. 12 to (5 00S'''^^0.50$11.00 u.iz too. uu S jg^^y, j^^^Q — 6.00 Curve + O + 0.12 to 2.00 C 2.25 to 4.25 C -0.12 to 0.00 S + 9.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 C 2.25 to 4.25 C 0.12 to G.OO S + 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 C / + 2.25 to 4.25 C 0.12 to 2.00 C 2.25 to 4.25 C 0.12 to 2.00 S 13.25 15.75 21.00 23.50 12.00 15.00 13.75 16.25 21.50 24.00 12.50 15.50 0.12 to 2.00 C( ^ 15.00 15.50 — 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 C ( ^ TO f o on G 13.25 2.25 to 4.25 Cj 0-1^ t« ^-00 S 15.75 13.75 16.25 Per Dozen Pairs Sphero-Cylinder Colored + 6.00 Curve Blue and Smoke + + 0.12 to 2.00 C 2.25 to 4.2.'! SQUARE 47 mm Stan. Rim. 'OCjniot p nnG$14.70$15.20 ,,(.J0.12to6.00S jg2o| jg^o 0.12to2.00C)Q j2 2 QQO 14.70! 15.20 2.25 to 4.25 C p-^"^ ^° "^""^^ 18.20 18.70 0.12 to 2.00 C ( 2 25 to 4 25 S ^^"'^^ ^^'^^ 2.25 to 4.25 C p-^"" ^° *.^oo 21 00 21.50 Amber + + 0.12 to 2,00 C ( ,, ,a f p no e 18-40 18.90 2.25 to 4.25 C ^^^' ^° ^ "^ ^ 22.75 23.25 0.12 to 2.00 C 2 . 25 to 0.12 to 2.00 C / 2.25 to 4.25 C f ^;<«M„^„.„,.„os^ 2.25 to 4.25 S 18.40 22.75 21.90 26.25 Fieuzal and Amethyst + O + 0.12 to 2.00 C 2.25 to 4.25 C 0.12 to 6.00 S 21.00 26.00 0.12to2.00C^Q j2to2 00 S ^^'^^ 2.25 to 4.25 C i ^ -^ ^ ^.uuo 2(j qo 0.12 to 2.00 C [2 25 to 4 25 S ^^'^^ 2.25 to 4.25 C J "^'^ ^ I 30.00 18.90 23.25 22.40 26.75 21.50 26.50 21.50 26.50 25.50 30.50 EXTRAS — Gauged lenses, ordered in millimeter thickness, which can be selected from stock, $1.50 per dozen pairs extra. n A U R C IT Sc L O M n /$^:^£^ OPTICAL COMPANY PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES ROUGH, PLANO, SPHERO AND CYLINDER PRISMS CENTEX White lenses are supplied regularly of our Crown Glass. Prices for edging prisms may be found on page 110. Per Dozen Pairs Rough (One side ground and polished) 0.50 to 3.50A ] 4.00 to 7.00A U2 to 2.5 nun tiiifk . 8.00 to lO.OOA J 0.50 to 3.50A 1 4.00 to 7.00A 3 to 4 mm tliick . . 8.00 to lO.OOA J 0.50 to 3.50A 1 4.00 to 7. 00 A 5 to 7 mm thick . . 8.00 to lO.OOA J 0.50 to 3.50A 1 4.00 to 7. 00 A H to 10 mm thick . . 8.00 to lO.OOA 07 BAUSCn & LOMn /^i^ OPTICAL COMPANY PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES ROUGH, PLANO, SPHERO AND CYLINDER PRISMS (CONTINUED) CENTEX SQUARE Per Dozen Pairs 42 mm Standard Rimless Piano (Both sides ground and polished) 50 to 3 50 A $3.75 4.25 5.00 6.00 9.00 13.50 5.00 6.00 7.50 9.00 $4 25 4 00 to 7 00 A 4.75 8 00 to 10. 00 A 5.50 11 00 to 13 00 A 14 00 to 16 00 A . . . '. 17.00 to 20,00A Sphero Prisms 0.50 to 3.50A 0.12 to 2.00 S 5.50 2 . 25 to 4 25 S 6 50 Cylinder Prisms 0.50 to 3.50A 0.12 to 2.00 C 8.00 2.25 to 4.25 C 9.50 68 B A TT S C II L O M n OPTICAL COMPANY PRICES FOR EUPHOS LENSES (47 mm ROUND ) CENTEX Per Pair Periscopic 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to GOO 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 + or Meniscus 6.00 Curve Flat Rough Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 I 4 . 50 to G . 00 } G.50 to 8.00 J + or — , 2 to 4 inin tliick Flat Piano and Sphero-Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 G . 50 to 8 . 00 + or 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 Toric Rough Cylinder 6.00 Curve + or — , 2 to 4 mm tliitk Toric Piano and Sphero-Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6.50 to 8.00 + or- Uncut $0.75 .85 1.00 1.25 1 . 50 1.75 2.00 2.25 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 EXTRA FOR PRISMS Peri.scopic and Meniscu.s, $0 . 75 jjcr pcair. Flat and Toric Cylinder and Sphero-Cylinder, $0.75 per pair. Edged $1.00 1.10 1.25 1.50 1.75 2 . 00 2.25 2.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 3.00 3.35 3.60 Edged and Drilled $1.25 1.35 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.60 3.85 69 B A TT S C II & L O M B /^^^\ OPTICAL COMPANY PRICES FOR CROOKES LENSES (47 mm ROUND) CENTEX Per Pair 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 Periscopic + or Meniscus 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 + or Flat Rough Cylinder + or 2 to 4 mm thick Flat Piano and Sphero-Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 + or Toric Rough Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 + or — , 2 to 4 mm tliiek Toric Piano and Sphero-Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 + or Uncut $1.00 1.10 1.25 1.50 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 2.50 2.85 3.20 3.55 3.00 3.35 3.70 4.05 Edged $1.25 1.35 1.50 1.75 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.60 4.05 4.40 Edged and Drilled $1.50 1.60 1.75 2.00 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.85 4.30 4.65 EXTRA FOR PRISMS Periscopic and Meniscus, $1 . 00 per pair. Flat and Toric Cylinder and Sphero-Cylinder, $1 . 00 per pair. 70 B A V S L () M H O I' T I r A 1, (• <) M !• PRICES FOR NOVIOL LENSES 47 mm ROHM) CENTEX Per Pair Periscopic 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4 . 50 to C . 00 6.50 to 8.00 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 Meniscus 6.00 Curve + or Flat Rough Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 I 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 i 6.50 to 8.00 J or — , 2 to 4 mm thick Flat Piano and Sphero-Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 ' 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 + or — Toric Rough Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 + or — , 2 to 4 mm thick Toric Piano and Sphero-Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00] 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 + or — Uncut $3.00 3.10 3 . 25 3.50 3.00 3.10 3.25 3.50 3.50 3.75 4.00 4.25 4.00 4.25 4.50 4.75 3.50 3.75 4.00 4.25 4.00 4.25 4.50 4.75 EXTRA FOR PRISMS Periscopic and Meniscus, $1 . 50 per pair. Flat and Toric Cylinder and Sphero-Cylinder, $1 .50 per pair. Edged $3 . 50 3.60 3 . 75 4.00 3.50 3.60 3.75 4.00 4.75 5.00 5.25 5.50 4.75 5.00 5.25 5.50 Edged and Drilled $3 . 90 4,00 4.15 4 . 40 3.90 4.00 4.15 4.40 5.15 5.40 5.65 5.90 5.15 5.40 5.65 5.90 71 B A r ,S C H & I. O M B /@!2^ O P T I C .\ L C O M P A N Y PRICES FOR AUTO GOGGLE LENSES CENTEX These lenses are cut from ground and polished Piano Meniscus 6.00 Curve lenses and are edged to shape illustrated above, or any similar shape. White lenses are supplied regularly of our Crown Glass. Roentgen and focused colored lenses are made to order only. Cut from 63 mm Round Cut from 71 mm Round Per Dozen Pairs Edged Edged and Drilled, 6 Holes to the Pair Edged Edged and Drilled, 6 Holes to the Pair White Smoke Amber Amethyst Fieuzal $12.75 16.50 20.25 23.00 23.00 $14.25 18.00 22.50 25.25 25.25 $15.00 18.75 24.50 27.75 27.75 $16.50 20.25 26.75 30.00 30.00 72 B .\ U S C H L O M B O I' T I C .\ h <■ () M P A N Y PRICES FOR UNCUT LENSES MENISCUS, CYLINDER AND SPHERO-CYLINDER PRIMEX (47 mm ROUND) Umbral are coloretl focused lenses, which we .supply in Smoke, Amber and Euphos only. Smoke is supplied in four shades, having ab.sorptions of 25% (A), 50% (B), 65%, (C), and 80% (D), respectively, while Amber is supjilied in two shades, light (A) and dark (B),and Euphos in one shade (A) only. Umbral Meniscus Rough are supplied with either the + or — 6.00 D curve side finished. Prices for edging Primex lenses are listed on page 74. White Per Pair Umbral Per Pair Meniscus Meniscus 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 + or - $1.25 1..50 1.75 Rough 4 to 5 mm thick Meniscus $3.00 6.50 to 8.00 J 2.25 0.25 to 2.00 1 3.00 Toric PI 0.12 to 2.00 ano-Cyiinder 1.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 f °'' 6.50 to 8.00 J 3.00 3.00 3.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 + or- 1.75 2.25 2.75 Toric Piano-Cylinder 0.25 to 2.00 C 1 2.25 to 4.25 C J ■" 3.75 3.75 Toric Sphero-Cylinder Toric Sphero-Cylinder j^ c^ ^^ - c^ -^ + o +, - o -, + O - or - O + + O - or - O + 0.12 to 2.00 S] 1.75 0.12 to 2.00 S) 4.50 4.25 to 4.25 S 0.12 to 2.00 C 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 S 0.25 to 2.00 C 4.50 2.50 to 6,00 S 2.25 4.50 to 6.00 S J 4.50 0.12 to 6.00 S 1 2.00 0.12 to 2.00 S ] 4.50 2.25 to 4.25 S 2.25 to 4.25 C 2.25 2.25 to 4.25 S 2.25 to 4.25 C 4.50 4.50 to 6.00 S J 2.75 4.50 to 6.00 sj 4.50 73 B A U .S C H & L O M B /^SSSx O P T I C A L CO .M 1> A N Y PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING MENISCUS, CYLINDER AND SPHERO- CYLINDER LENSES PRIMEX These lenses are centered for each size of eye (center indicated) and are gauged to fit about a If millimeter strap. (To be added to prices of White Lenses) Per Pair 1 00 000 000^ 0000 o XI g 3 DRILLING 2 Holes 3 Holes 4 Holes Meniscus 6.00 Curve 0.12 to 8.00+ or - $0.15 $0.15 $0.20 $0.25 $0.25 $0.30 $0.30 $0.05 $0.10 $0.15 Toric Piano-Cylinder 0.12 to 8.00 + or - Axes 90° and 180° .20 .20 .25 .30 .30 .35 .35 .05 .10 .15 0.12 to 8.00 + or- Other Axes .25 .25 .30 .35 .35 .40 .40 .05 .10 .15 Toric Sphero-Cylinder + o + , - o -, + O — or - O + 0.12 to 6.00 S O 0.12 to 2.00 C .20 .20 .25 .30 .30 .35 .35 .05 .10 .15 0.12 to 6.00 S O 2.25 to 4.25 C .25 .25 .30 .35 .35 .40 .40 .05 .10 .15 (To be added to prices of Umbral Lenses) EDGING z Per Pair 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 $0.50 .50 .75 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 p Meniscus $0.50 .50 .75 $0.50 .50 .75 $0.50 .50 .75 $0 40 Flat Cylinder and Sphero-Cylinder . . Toric Cylinder and Sphero-Cylinder .40 .40 Above prices refer to lenses of all shapes shown in illustrations on pages 86 to 91. 74 I? A V S (• L O M ]{ () r T I (• A L (• () M I' A N Y PUNKTAL LENSES CORRECTED for astigmatism in all powers throughout an anguhir field of view of G0°, Punktal lenses represent the greatest achievement yet attained in ophthalmic optics and one of the most notable conlrihu- tions to general optics since the introduction of the photographic anastigmat. They are the outcome of much research on the part of optical scientists and producers, who have long recognized the importance of obtaining lenses corrected to permit as accurate and distinct vision through the margin as through the center but have hitherto failed to solve the problems involved. The word "Punktal" is of German origin, meaning in this application a lens which reproduces any given definite point of an object as a distinct point in the image — in other words, a lens which gives equally clear definition at all points of its field. The value of such an optical property is easily apparent when it is considered that the eye in normal vision does not remain stationary in its socket but can be rotated through an angle of nearly 180°. Heretofore it has been impossible with glasses to utilize anything like a natural field satisfactorily, as no lens would give a field of more than 15° around its axis without some astigmatism of oblique pencils. Fig. 1 To eliminate this unnatural restriction was the problem of the scientists, until at length Dr. Moritz von Rohr, of the scientific stafl^ of Carl Zeiss, our associates at Jena, Germany, arrived at a practical solution after extensive investigations and published his findings in 1911. He recognized the impos- sibility of eliminating all astigmatism when using a common base curve for 75 C A U S C II L O M n OPTICAL <; O M P A N Y all powers, or when employing any base curve system, but accomplished his purpose by computincj separately the curves required to correct each power. The result is the Punktal lens, which widens the field of astigmatic correc- tion to 60° in all powers. The advantage of this is especially obvious when one takes into consideration the large eye sizes of lenses so much in vogue at the present time. It is eminently desirable that as much of this larger lens surface as possible be corrected to give clear vision, in order to insure greatest satisfaction to the customer. The accompanying illustrations demonstrate the superiority of Punktal lenses more strikingly than any extended description. Figure 1 represents the opposite extremes of optical correction, showing a rectilinear target photo- graphed first through different parts of an ordinary sphero-cylindrical lens of + 3.00 spli. combined with + 2.00 D cyl. (A), and then similarly through a Punktal lens of like powers (B). The vertical row of targets in each illustration re})resents the images obtained when the eye is rotated within the plane containing the axis of the cylinder ; the horizontal row, when the eye is rotated at right angles to the axis of the cylinder ; and the diagonal rows, when the eye is rotated at 45° to the axis of the cylin- der. The length of each row measures on the lens an anole of 60°, liisected by the central line of sight. The central image is, of course, satisfactory through either lens. Through the ordinary lens the astigmatism is very pro- nounced outside the plane containing the axis of the cylinder, while through the Punktal lens all images are equally sharp. Fig. 2 While Fig. 1 represents, perhaps, the more significant comparison, because of the fact that the majority ^of lenses worn are still of the flat type, 76 L () ^\ ]! /^^^ O I' '!' 1 C A L CO M I' A X Y we show in Fin;. '■2 a like eoin|)arison resullino- from pholo^raj)li.s of tlie same taro^et taken tlirouoh an ordinarv O.OO D base Torie lens of + 4.00 D eom- hined with + '■2. 00 1) and thronnh a I'nnktal lens of the same radii. While the eomparison in this case is, of eourse, not so marked, yet ((nile a difference can be noted between the horizontal and vertical lines of the IPs near the margin of the ordinarv Toric lens — astigmatism — while all of the iniagcvs in the field of the Pnnktal lens are of e(iual (jnality with that in the center. That such results cannot be obtained with any system employing a restricted number of diflFerent base curves, each common to several powers, is very evident, as is the impracticability of carrying a stock of rough lenses and the tools for each of the different base curves which would be rec|uired. At best such a system, according to the indisputable laws of optics, can only be an approximation of the ideal atyorded by the Pnnktal series of finished lenses. These new lenses are made only in the deep curved forms ; they are just as simple in application as the ordinary types and do not require any large investment. They have been patented in the astigmatic corrections and the name "Punktal" registered as a trade mark in the United States. Detailed information as to the principles involved can be obtained from U. S. Patent No. 989,645, issued to Dr. von Rohr, of the Carl Zeiss Works. In instigating the preliminary investigations and meeting the problems of practical manu- facture, we have co-operated with the Carl Zeiss Works, and our relationship with them gives us the exclusive manufacturing rights for the American continent. We furnish Punktal lenses with both sides finished, as the cost of work- manship of the grade required and the multitude of necessary tools render it unprofitable to grind the second side on a small scale. The product comes within the range of precise optics, since, in addition to the astigmatic correc- tion, they offer a higher degree of accuracy in focus and centering than the best of the lenses previously on the market. Hence, as a guarantee of their genuineness and of the uniformly high quality of their workmanship, we engrave a minute reproduction of our trade mark on one of the surfaces, near the margin of each lens. This trade mark is too faint to interfere with vision or to be detected clearly without the aid of a magnifier. For more extended details regarding Punktal lenses we refer to Pamphlets Nos. 5 and 6, of our Scientific and Technical Publications. The former treats of "Punktal Lenses, Their Advantages and Application to Present Day Methods," while the subject of the latter is "The Significance of Punktal Lens Principles in Application to the Eye." (See page 147.) 77 U S C II & L O M B /C^£^ O I' T 1 (' A L COM r A X Y PRICES FOR PUNKTAL LENSES SPHERO, CYLINDER AND SPHERO-CYLINDER (47 mm ROUND) WHITE Object Target Image as Seen Through Lens These lenses are made anfl sold under U. S. Patent No. 989,645 to Carl Zeiss, Jena, and under the trade name "Punktal" (Registered U. S. Patent Office No. 93,577, Sept. 23, 1913). Edged and Drilled Minimum Per Pair Uncut Edged Retail Prices 2 Holes 3 Holes 4 Holes Meniscus Net. Per Pair 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.25 to 4.25 [ + $2.00 $2.35 $2.55 $2.65 $2.75 $5 . 00 2.25 2.50 2.60 2.85 2.80 3.05 2.90 3.15 3.00 3.25 5 . 00 4 . 50 to 7 . 50 ) 5 . 00 0.12 to 2.00 2.00 2.35 2.55 2.65 2.75 5.00 2.25 to 4.25 2.25 2.60 2.80 2.90 3.00 5 . 00 4.50 to 8.00 - 2.50 2.85 3.05 3.15 3.25 5 . 00 8.. 50 to 13.00 2.75 3.10 3.30 3.40 3.50 7.50 14.00 to 20.00 J 3.00 3.35 3.55 3.65 3.75 7.50 Toric Piano-Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00 I 3.00 3.50 3.80 3.95 4.10 7.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 00 j + or - 3.75 4.25 4.55 4.70 4.85 7.50 Toric Sphere-Cylinder + 0+,-0 -, + O - or- O + 0.12 to 2.00 Si 2.25 to 4.25 SO. 12 to 2.00 (\ . . 3.00 3.50 3.80 3.95 4.10 7.50 4.50 to 7.50 S ) 0.12 to 2.00 S) 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 S - 2 . 25 to 4 . 00 C . . . 3.75 4.25 4.55 4.70 4.85 7.50 4 . 50 to 7 . 50 S ) 0.12 to 2.00 S ) 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 S [ 0\er 4 . 00 C . 4.50 5.00 5.30 5.45 5.60 7.50 4.50 to 7.50 S ) EXTRA FOR PRISMS Sphere, $1.00 per pair ; Cylinder, $2.00 per pair. 78 n A V L O M I! O P T I (• A L I' O M I' A X Y PRICES FOR PUNKTAL LENSES SPHERO, CYLINDER AND SPHERO CYLINDER UMBRAL, CROOKES AND NOVIOL (47 mm ROUND) These lenses are made and sold under U. S. Patent No. 989,(1-1.) to Carl Zeiss, Jena, and under the trade name "Punktal" (Rc<,nstered U. S. Patent Office No. 9.'5,.577, Sept. 2:5, 19i;5). Umbral are colored focused lenses, which we supjily in Smoke, Amber and EujjIios only. Smoke is sui)j)lied in four shades, having aksorptions of 25% (A), 50% (B), G5% (C) and 80% (D), respectively, while Amber is supplied in two shades, light (A) and dark (B), and Euphos in one shade (A) only. Edged and Drilled Per Pair Uncut Edged 2 Holes 3 Holes 4 Holes Meniscus 0.12 to 2.00] 2.25 to 4.25 + $5.00 $5.50 $5.90 $5.90 $5.90 4.50 to 7.50 0.12 to 2.00 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.00 6.00 2.25 to 4.25 5.50 6.00 6.50 6.50 6.50 4 50 to 8.00 — 6.00 6.75 7.25 7.25 7.25 8.50 to 13.00 6.75 7.50 8.00 8.00 8.00 14.00 to 20. 00 7.50 8.25 8.75 8.75 8.75 Toric Piano-Cylinder 0.12 to 2.00] 2.25 to 4.00 t+°'"~ 6.00 6.75 7.15 7.15 7.15 Toric Sphero-Cylinder + O + or - O - 0.12 to 2.00 S 2.25 to 4.25 S 0.12 to 2.00 C 7.50 8.25 8.65 8.65 8.65 4.50 to 7.50 S 0.12 to 2.00 S 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 S 2.25 to 4.00 C 9.00 9.75 10.15 10.15 10.15 4.50 to 7.50 S 0.12 to 2.00 S 2.25 to 4.25 S Over 4.00 C 10.50 11.25 12.00 12.00 12.00 4.50 to 7.50 S EXTRA FOR PRISMS Sphero, $1.00 per pair; CyHnder, $1.00 per pair. Punktal are also supplied in any of our other regular colors at the above prices. 79 B A U S C II L O M B OPTICAL COM P A N Y KATRAL LENSES PERSONS successfully operated on for cataract may, in a certain sense, become endowed with a better power of vision than one having normal sight, due to the fact that a cataract lens, in combination with the optical system of an eye divested of its crystalline lens, produces a larger image on the retina than does the optical system of a normal eye. This slight advantage, however, has hitherto been more than offset by serious defects, in that the ordinary (double convex) cataract lenses supplied for such cases only afforded a very narrow field of view through their centers. Consequently, a patient must constantly turn his head in the desired direction or obtain badly distorted images. Image Through Ordinary Cataract Lens Image Through Katral Lens The new series of Katral lenses have removed this uncomfortable handicap by providing a field of 60° as well corrected throughout as that of the Punktal lenses just described, permitting the patient to rotate his eyes naturally and obtain as accurate vision through the margins as through the centers. This superiority is strikingly shown by the accomjmnying illustrations. To obtain these results it is necessary to make one of the lens surfaces non- spherical, a difficult process accounting largely for the unavoidably higher price. Katral lenses are also made of a special optical glass, requiring careful treatment, but do not differ noticeably in appearance, size or weight from a meniscus lens. They are supplied in powers ranging from + 8.00 Dyto + 20.00 Dy. As a rule they are made for a reading distance of 25 cm (10 inches), and to restrict their weight are generally not allowed to exceed 39 mm in diameter. To insure greatest satisfaction to the patient, Katral lenses require very accurate adjustment. In cases of astigmatism arising after an operation none but round or drop oval lenses should be prescribed; otherwise it would be impossible to adapt them accurately. Furthermore, round and drop oval lenses give the patient quite an extension of the lower portion of his field of view. To insure perfect satisfaction complete data must be given by the refrac- tionist. We provide a printed form, shown on page 48, whicli should be followed in full. 80 n A V 9, C n & L O M B /^S@\ OPTICAL COMPANY PRICES FOR KATRAL LENSES SPHERO AND TORIC SPHERO-CYLINDER (39 mm ROUND) Object Target Image as Seen Through Lens Per Lens Sphere 8.00 to 15.00 + Over 15.00 + Toric Sphero-Cylinder + O + 1 8.00 to 15.00 S ! 0.50 to 4.00 C J + O + 1 8.00 to 15.00 S [ Over 4.00 C J Uncut Per Lens $20.00 25.00 20.00 25.00 Edged Edged and Drilled 2 Holes Per Lens $21.00 26.00 26.00 Per Lens $21.50 26.50 26.50 3 Holes 4 Holes Per Lens $22.00 27.00 21.00 21.50 22.00 Per Lens $22.50 27.50. 22.50 27.00 27.50 81 LOME OPTICAL C O M P A X Y PRICES FOR MISCELLANEOUS LENSES UNCUT PORTEX Per Dozen Pairs Stan. Rim. Per Dozen Pairs Stan. Rim. Double Double Oval 44 X 34 mm Round 42 mm 0.12 to 2.00 $0.75 $0.85 0.12 to 2.00 1 $0.90 $1.05 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 + .85 .95 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to G . 00 1.00 1.15 4.50 to G.OO 1.00 1.10 1.25 1.40 6.50 to 8.00 1.25 1.35 6.50 to 8.00 J 1.50 1.65 Periscopic Piano Flat White Oval 45 X 35.5 mm Oval 44 X 34 mm .60 .70 1.25 Curve RouikI 42 mm .75 .85 0.12 to 2.00) .90 1.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 + 1.00 1.10 Piano Flat Smoke 4.50 to 6.00 1.25 1.35 Oval 44 X 34 mm .85 1.05 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 J 1.50 l.GO Round 42 mm 1.10 1.30 COQUILLE AND MI-COQUILLE GLASSES UNCUT II 'ii ^^irr •;"',rfir'"^ Coquille and Mi-Coquille glasses are supplied in First Quality only. They are blown and cut from ball. If wanted with ground and polished surfaces, refer to prices of Piano 1.25 and G.OO Curve on pages 54 and 55. Per Dozen Pairs Coquille White Smoke and Blue . . . . Amber Mi-Coquille White Smoke and Blue Amber 44 X 33 mm $1.00 1.25 1.50 .75 1.00 1.25 50 X 40 mm 60 X 50 mm $1.50 2.00 2.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 $2.00 2.75 3.50 1.50 2.25 3.00 70 X 60 mm $3 . 00 4.00 5.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 EXTRA Add 25% to above prices for Coquille and Mi-Coquille Smoke and Blue, when ordered in shades darker than D. 82 BAUSCII & LOMB /C5!25\ OPTICAL C O M P A N T EDGING AND DRILLING CENTEX AND PORTEX IN the preceding pages we have hsted uncut lenses in the regular order which we have followed for many years, hut attention is here directed to a departure from former ])ractice in the listing of edged lenses. Hereto- fore it has heen customary to list edged lenses at the prices of finished lenses. In this catalog, however, we have adopted the system of listing the uncut lenses and the prices for edging and drilling separately. The price of a finished lens, white or colored and of any size or shape, can readily be found, therefore, by taking the price of the uncut in the size required, according to the chart on page 85, and adding the separate prices for edging and drilling and such extras as may apply, noted on page 110. For lenses not listed a special price will be quoted. This system is applied only to our Centex and Portex series. For all lenses listed by the pair, or singly, we have found it convenient to give both the prices for uncut and for edging and drilling in the same section of the catalog, gener- ally on the same page. These lenses include the Primex, Punktal, Katral, Piuphos, Crookes, Noviol, Kryptok and Ultex Onepiece Bifocals. 83 B A r S C n & L O M R /tS^l^ OPTICAL COMPANY TABLE OF STANDARD SIZES OF EDGED LENSES BEVEL EDGE Eye Sizes in mm 2 1 00 000 0005^ 0000 Jumbo Round A 30.8 32.4 33.7 35.6 36.8 38.3 40.2 41.5 Full Oval B 34x27 35.5x28.5 06.8x29.8 38.7x31.7 39.8x32.8 41.5x34.5 43.5x36.5 44.9x37.9 Regular Oval C 35x26 36.5x27.5 37.8x28.8 39.7x30.7 41x32 42.5x33.5 44.5x35.5 45.4x37.4 Long Oval D 35.5x25.5 37x27 38.3x28.3 40.2x30.2 41.5x31.5 43x33 45x35 46.9x36.9 Short Oval E G 33.5x27.5 35x29 36.3x30.3 38.2x32.2 39.5x33.5 41x35 43x37 44.4x38.4 German No. 9 37x27 German No. 11 38.9x28.9 German No. 13 40.6x30.6 Australian No. 2 35x26 Australian No. 3 36.7x27.7 Australian No. 4 38.4x29.4 Australian No. 5 39.6x30.6 Australian No. lU 36.7x27.7 Australian No. 12 38.4x29.4 Clerical Shape H I 34x22.5 35x20.7 36x21 39.5x22.5 38.5x24.7 Clerical Shape 37x14 36.4x14.5 37.7x15.1 39.5x16 41x17 RIMLESS EDGE Eye Sizes in mm 2 1 00 000 OOOM 0000 Jumbo Round Ar 36 37 38.5 40 41 42.5 44.5 45.4 Full Oval Br 36x29 37x30 38.5x31.5 40x33 41x34 41.5x34.5 43.5x36.5 45.4x38.4 Regular Oval Cr 36x27 37x28 38.5x29.5 40x31 41x32 42.5x33.5 44.5x35.5 45.4x37.4 Long Oval Dr 36x26 37x27 38.5x28.5 40x30 41x31 44.5x34.5 45.4x35.4 Short Oval Er 34.5x28.5 35.5x29.5 37x31 38.5x32.5 39.5x33.5 41x35 43x37 44.4x38.4 Drop Oval Fr 33.7x27.2 35.2x28.7 36.5x30 38.4x31.9 39.7x33.2 41.2x34.7 43.2x36.7 44.1x38.6 84 n A u s c II OPTICAL C O M P A N Y CHART OF UNCUT SIZES FOR EDGING This chart shows tlie sizes of Uiiciit I-ciiscs to Ix- used Tor various si/t-s of Vjh^ed Lenses, based on the followinjjf allowiiiice I'or decciilration. 0.^^ to ().;57 (iOmm 1..'57 to 'e.OO . . . . '■i.OOniin 0.50to0.87 4.0inni 2. 1^> to :$.()() . . . . 1..5 mm l.OOtol.'-'S 2. .'5 mm 3. 'J.'} up 0.75 mm To find the size of uncut lenses recpiiied for a certain size of edged lens, trace down the "width of oval" colunm, then across to the desired length of oval; the figure in the intersecting space will indicate the size of uncut that will cut to the best advantage and will form the basis of prices for lenses edged to size. Width of Length of Oval in mm Oval in mm 37.5 38 1 38.5 1 39 39.5 | 40 40.5 41 1 41.5 42 42.5 43 43.5 47 44 47 44.5 47 45 47 45.5 26. All Sizes Within Will Cut from the Heavy Line Regular Oval 47 26.5 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 27. 47 47 47 47 47 27.5 47 47 47 28. 47 28.5 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 29. 47 29.5 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 30. 47 30.5 47 47 47 47 47 47 31. 47 31.5 47 47 32. 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 32.5 47 33. 42 42 42 42 42 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 33.5 42 42 42 42 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 34. 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 34.5 42 47 35. 47 35.5 47 36. 42 47 47 47 47 47 47 36.5 42 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 37. 42 42 47 37.5 47 38. 42 47 47 38.5 42 47 47 39. 47 85 AMERICAN STANDARD- BEVEL EDGE m AMERICAN, STANDARD-BEVEL eogp 87 AMERICAN STANDARD- RIMLESS EOC5E SHORT OVAL. 44.4 X 38.4 mm ER ^^m ER '"'^m ER -1 43x37mm ^^1 ' 41 x35 mm ^H 39.5x33.6 mni OOOO JIH OO0'/2 J^V ooo 88 AMERICAN STANDARD - RIMLESS EDGE 89 AMERICAN SlANDARD- rimless EDGE - DROP ova l 90 AMERICAN STANDARD SPECIAL shapbs 91 n A u s c n L o M B O P T I f A L O M PAN Y PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING PLANO AND SPHERO ROUND (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain prices of finished lenses, add prices given below to price of uncut, taking into account the size of uncut required per chart on page 85, and such extra as may apply, given on page 110. To determine price for size of eye, other than standard, figure 25 cents per dozen pairs extra to the nearest standard eye size. For the required uncut size, consult chart on ])age 85. Prices for Edging not listed, will be given on request. Per Dozen Pairs Piano Flat 1 .25 Curve 6 . 00 Curve 9.00 Curve Sphero 2.001 4.25 6.00 8.00 0.12 to 2.25 to 4 . 50 to 6 . 50 to 8.50 to 10.00 i 10.. 50 to i;}.00 j 14.00 to Ki.OO 18 . 00 to 20 . 00 J 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 8.50 to 10.00 10.50 to 13.00 14.00 to 16.00 18 . 00 to 20 . 00 Piano, Double and Periscojjic + Piano, Double and Periscopic Meniscus 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 Meniscus ^ 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 [ _ 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 I 6.50 to 8.00 J WHITE $0.70 .70 1.50 2.30 .70 .75 .80 .85 1.80 2.30 2.80 2.80 .70 .75 .80 .85 2.30 3.30 4.30 4.30 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 $0.80 .80 1.80 2.60 .95 2.50 3.50 4.50 4.50 1.10 1.30 1.20 1.40 1.30 I 1.50 1.40 1.60 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 00 .80 .85 .90 .95 2 .00 2 .50 3 .00 3 .00 .80 .85 .90 $1.00 1.00 2.30 3.10 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 2.30 2.80 3.30 3 30 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 2.80 3.80 4.80 4.80 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 000 ^1.30 1.30 2.80 3.60 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 2.80 3.30 3.80 3.80 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 3.30 4.30 5.30 5.30 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 OOOi 151.80 1.80 3.30 4.10 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.95 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.95 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 0000 $1.80 1.80 3.30 4.10 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.95 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.95 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 Jumbo $2.30 2.30 3.80 4.60 2.30 2.35 2.40 2.45 2.30 2.35 2.40 2.45 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.80 3.90 4.00 4.10 R A U S C II L O M 1! n V T I (' \ L () .M I' .\ .\ V PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING PLANO AND SPHERO ROUND (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain prices of fini.shed len.ses, add jmccs f^ivcn l)el()w to lu-icc of uncut, t.ikin^j into account the size of uncut reijuired per cliart on page 85, and such extra as nuiy a])ply, <,u\en on paji;e 1 10. To determine price for size of eye, other than standard, figure 25 cents per dozen pairs extra to tiie nearest stanchird eye size. For the required luicut size, consult cliart on page 85. Prices for Edging not listed, will be given on request. Per Dozen Pairs COLORED " 1 00 000 OOOi 0000 Jumbo Piano Flat 1.25 Curve 6 . 00 Curve 9.00 Curve $0.80 .80 1.80 2.80 $0.90 .90 2.10 3.10 $1.20 1.20 2.80 4.10 $1.50 1.50 3.30 4.60 $2.00 2.00 3.80 5.10 $2.00 2.00 3.80 5.10 $2.50 2.50 4.30 5.60 Sphere 0.12 to 2.00 1 Piano, 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 Double and 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 Pcriscopic 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 J + .80 .85 .90 .95 .90 .95 1.00 1.05 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 2.00 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.00 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.50 2.55 2.60 2.65 0.12 to 2.00 1 Piano, 2.25 to 4.25 [ Doul)le and 4.50 to 6.00 Periscopic 6.50 to 8.00 J .80 .85 .90 .95 .90 .95 1.00 1.05 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 2.00 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.00 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.50 2.55 2.60 2.65 Meniscus 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 ^ 6.50 to 8.00 J 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 Meniscus + 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 j 6.50 to 8.00 J 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.80 2.90 3.00 '3.10 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.80 3.90 4.00 4.10 3.80 3.90 4.00 4.10 4.30 4.40 4.50 4.60 93 B A U S C 11 L f) M D OPTICAL C O M P A N Y PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING PLANO AND SPHERO REGULAR OVAL (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain prices of finished lenses, add prices given below to price of uncut, taking; into account the size of uncut required per chart on page 8.5, and such extra as may apply, given on page 110. To determine price for size or shape of eye, other than standard, add length to width and figure 25 cents jicr dozen ]iairs extra to the nearest standard eye size. For the required uncut size, consult chart on ])age 85. Prices for Edging not listed, will be given on request. WHITE rcr L/Oicn x^dirs 1 00 000 000 ^< 0000 Jumbo Piano Flat $0.40 $0.50 $0.70 $1.00 $1.50 $1.50 $2.00 1 . 25 Curve .40 .50 .70 1.00 1.50 1.50 2.00 6.00 Curve 1.20 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.00 3.50 9.00 Curve 2.00 2.30 2.80 3.30 3.80 3.80 4.30 Sphero 0.12 to 2.00 .40 .50 .70 1.00 1.50 1.50 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 .45 .55 .75 1.05 1.55 1.55 2.05 4.50 to 6 00 Piano, .50 .60 .80 1.10 1.60 1.60 2.10 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 l)oul)li' and .55 .65 .85 1.15 1.65 1.65 2.15 8. 50 to 10.00 Pcrisco|)ic 1.50 1.70 2.00 2.50 10. 50 to l.'J.OO + 2.00 2.20 2.50 3.00 14.00 to 16.00 2.50 2.70 3.00 3.50 18.00 to 20.00 2.50 2.70 3.00 3.50 0.12 to 2.00 .40 .50 .70 1.00 1.50 1.50 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 .45 .55 .75 1.05 1.55 1.55 2.05 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 Piano, .50 .60 .80 1.10 1.60 1.60 2.10 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 Double and .55 .65 .85 1.15 1.65 1.65 2.15 8.50 to 10.00 Periscopic 2.00 2.20 2.50 3.00 10.50 to 13.00 — 3.00 3.20 3.50 4.00 14.00 to 16.00 4.00 4.20 4.50 5.00 18.00 to 20.00 4.00 4.20 4.50 5.00 Meniscus — 5.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1 .80 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 2.50 3.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 1 4.50 to 6.00 '^ .90 1.10 1.60 2.10 2.60 2.60 3.10 1.00 1.20 1.70 2 . 20 2.70 2.70 3.20 6.50 to 8.00 1 1.10 1.30 1.80 2.30 2.80 2.80 3.30 Meniscus + 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1 1.20 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.00 3.50 2.25 to 4.25 1 1.30 1.60 2.10 2.60 3.10 3.10 3.60 4.50 to 6,00 1.40 1.70 2.20 2.70 3.20 3.20 3.70 () . 50 to 8 . 00 ] 1 . 50 1.80 2.30 2.80 3.30 3.30 3.80 Coquille .30 .30 .30 .50 1.00 1.00 1.50 Mi-Coquille .20 .20 .30 .50 1.00 1.00 1.50 94 B A f S C II L O M n OPTICAL C O M ]■ A N Y PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING PLANO AND SPHERO REGULAR OVAL (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain price.s of fini.shed len.se.s, add price-s fi;ivon lielow to price of uncut, takirifj into account the size of uncut required per diart on page 85, and .such extra a.s may aj)ply, n;iveu on paf^e 1 10. To determine price for size or shai)e of eye, otiier tiian standard, add lenj,'tli to widtli and figure 25 cents per tlozen pairs extra to the nearest standard eye size. For tlie required imcut size, consult chart on page 85. Prices for Edging not listed, will be given on request. COLORED 1 00 000 mV2 0000 Jumbo Piano Flat 1 . 25 Curve 6 . 00 Curve 9.00 Curve $0.50 .50 1.50 2.50 $0.60 .60 1.80 2.80 $0.90 .90 2.50 3.80 $1.20 1.20 3.00 4.30 $1.70 1.70 3.50 4.80 $1.70 1.70 3.50 4.80 $2.20 2.20 4.00 5.30 Sphero 0.12 to 2.00 1 Piano, 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 [ Doulile and 4.50 to 6.00 Periscopic 6.50 to 8.00 + .50 .55 .60 .65 .60 .65 .70 .75 .90 .95 1.00 1.05 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 2.20 2.25 2.30 2.35 0.12 to 2.00] Piano, 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 Douljle and 4.50 to 6.00 Periscopic 6.50 to 8.00 J - .50 .55 .60 .65 .60 .65 .70 .75 .90 .95 1.00 1.05 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 2.20 2.25 2.30 2.35 Meniscus — 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 4.50 to 6.00 "^ 6.50 to 8.00 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 Meniscus + 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to 6.00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 4.00 4.10 4.20 4.30 Coquille Mi-Coquille .30 .20 .30 .20 .30 .30 .50 .50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.50 1.50 95 B A U S C II LOME OPTICAL C O M P A X Y PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING PLANO AND SPHERO FULL AND SHORT OVAL (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain prices of finished lenses, add prices given below to price of uncut, taking into account the size of uncut required per chart on page 85, and such extra as may a|)ply, given on page 110. To determine price for size or shape of eye, other than standard, add length to width and figure 25 cents per dozen pairs extra to the nearest standard eye size. For the requirefl uncut size, consult chart on page 85. Prices for Judging not listed, will be given on recjuest. WHITE Per Dozen Pairs 1 00 000 000^ 0000 Jumbo Piano Flat $0.65 $0.75 $0.95 $1.25 $1.75 $1.75 $2.25 1.25 Curve .65 .75 .95 1.25 1.75 1.75 2.25 6.00 Curve 1.45 1.75 2.25 2.75 3.25 3.25 3.75 9.00 Curve 2.25 2.55 3.05 3.55 4.05 4.05 4.55 Sphero 0.12 to 2.00 1 .65 .75 .95 1.25 1.75 1.75 2.25 2.25 to 4.25 .70 .80 1.00 1.30 1.80 1.80 2.30 4 . 50 to G . 00 Piano, .75 .85 1.05 1.35 1.85 1.85 2.35 6.50 to 8.00 Double and .80 .90 1.10 1.40 1.90 1.90 2.40 8.50 to 10.00 Periscopic 1.75 1.95 2.25 2.75 10.50 to 13.00 + 2.25 2.45 2.75 3.25 14.00 to 10.00 2.75 2.95 3.25 3.75 18.00 to 20.00 2.75 2.95 3.25 3.75 0.12 to 2.00 1 .65 .75 .95 1.25 1.75 1.75 2.25 2.25 to 4.25 .70 .80 1.00 1.30 1.80 1.80 2.30 4.50 to 6.00 Piano, .75 .85 1.05 1.35 1.85 1.85 2.35 6.50 to 8.00 Double and .80 .90 1.10 1.40 1.90 1.90 2.40 8.50 to 10.00 Periscopic 2.25 2.45 2.75 3.25 10.50 to 13.00 3.25 3.45 3.75 4.25 14.00 to 16.00 4.25 4.45 4.75 5.25 18.00 to 20.00 4.25 4.45 4.75 5 . 25 Meniscus — 6 00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1 1.05 1.25 1.75 2.25 2.75 2.75 3.25 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 [ , 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 1.15 1.35 1.85 2.35 2.85 2.85 3.35 1.25 1.45 1.95 2.45 2.95 2.95 3.45 6.50 to 8.00 1 1.35 1.55 2.05 2.55 3.05 3.05 3.55 Meniscus + 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1.45 1.75 2.25 2.75 3.25 3.25 3.75 2.25 to 4.25 1.55 1.85 2.35 2.85 3.35 3.35 3.85 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 1.65 1.95 2.45 2.95 3.45 3.45 3.95 6.50 to 8.00 . 1.75 2.05 2.55 3.05 3.55 3.55 4.05 96 C A U S C H L O M 13 O I' T 1 r A L (' O M 1' .\ N V PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING PLANO AND SPHERO FULL AND SHORT OVAL (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain price.? of fini.slied len.se.s, add prices given below to price of imcut, taking into account the size of uncut ret(uire(l per chart on page 85, and such extra as may apply, given on |)agc 1 10. To determine price for size or shape of eye, other than standard, iidd lengtli to width and 6gure 25 cents per dozen pairs extra to the nearest stanrlard eye size. For the required uncut size, consult chart on page 85. Prices for Edging not listed, will be given on request. Per Dozen Pairs COLORED 1 00 000 000^ 0000 Jumbo Piano Flat 1 . 25 Curve 6 . 00 Curve 9.00 Curve $0.75 .75 1.75 2.75 $0.85 .85 2.05 3.05 $1.15 1.15 2.75 4.05 $1.45 1.45 3.25 4.55 $1.95 1.95 3.75 5.05 $1.95 1.95 3.75 5.05 $2.45 2.45 4.25 5.55 Sphere 0.12 to 2.00] Piano, 2.25 to 4.25 1 Double and 4.50 to 6.00 Periscopic 6.50 to 8.00 + .75 .80 .85 .90 .85 .90 .95 1.00 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.95 2.00 2.05 2.10 1.95 2.00 2.05 2.10 2.45 2.50 2.55 2.60 0.12 to 2.00] Piano, 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 [ Double and 4.50 to 6.00 1 Periscopic 6.50 to 8.00 J - .75 .80 .85 .90 .85 .90 .95 1.00 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.45 1,50 1.55 1.60 1.95 2 . 00 2.05 2.10 1.95 2.00 2.05 2.10 2.45 2.50 2.55 2.60 Meniscus — 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 2.25 to 4.25 [ , 4.50 to 6.00 6.50 to 8.00 1.25 1.35 1.45 1.55 1.45 1.55 1.65 1.75 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 2.05 2.75 2.85 2.95 3.15 3.25 3.35 3.45 3.15 3.25 3.35 3.45 3.05 3.75 3.85 3.95 Meniscus ' + 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00] 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 1 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6.50 to 8.00 1.75 1.85 1.95 2.05 2.05 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.75 2.85 2.95 3.05 3.25 3.35 3.45 3.55 3.75 3.85 3.95 4.05 3.75 3.85 3.95 4.05 4.25 4.35 4.45 4.55 97 A V S C II L O MB OPTICAL C O M P A N Y PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING PLANO AND SPHERO DROP OVAL (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain prices of finished lenses, add prices f^iven l)elow to price of uncnt, taking into account the size of uncut rerjuired per chart on page 8.5, and such extra as may apjily, given on page 110. To tieterniine price for size or shape of eye, other than standard, add length to width and figure 2.> cents per dozen pairs extra to the nearest standard eye size. For the requirefl uncut size, consult chart on jmge 85. Prices for Edging not listed, will he given on reciuest. WHITE Per Dozen Pairs 1 00 000 000>^ 0000 Jumbo Piano Flat $0.90 $1.00 $1.20 $1.50 $2.00 $2.00 $2.50 1.2.5 Curve .90 1.00 1.20 1.50 2.00 2.00 2.50 6.00 Curve 1.70 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 3.50 4.00 9.00 Curve 2.50 2.80 3.30 3.80 4.30 4.30 4.80 Sphere 0.12 to 2.00 .90 1.00 1.20 1.50 2.00 2.00 2., 50 2.2.5 to 4.25 .95 1.05 1.25 1.55 2.05 2.05 2.55 4.50 to GOO Piano, 1.00 1.10 1.30 1.60 2.10 2.10 2 . CO 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 Doulile and 1.05 1 . 15 1.35 1.65 2.15 2.15 2 G5 8.. 50 to 10.00 Periscopic 2.00 2 . 20 2.50 3.00 10. 50 to 1.3.00 + 2 . 50 2 . 71) 3 . 00 3.50 14.00 to IG.OO 3.00 3 . 20 3.50 4.00 18 . 00 to 20 . 00 3.00 3.20 3.50 4.00 0.12 to 2.00 .90 1.00 1.20 1.50 2.00 2.00 2.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 .95 1.05 1.25 1..55 2.05 2.05 2.55 4 . 50 to G . 00 Piano, 1.00 1.10 1.30 1.60 2.10 - 2.10 2.60 G . 50 to 8 . 00 Double and 1.05 1.15 1.35 1.65 2.15 2.15 2.65 8. 50 to 10.00 Periscopic 2.50 2.70 3 . 00 3.. 50 10.50 to i;5.oo — 3 . 50 3 . 70 4 . 00 4. 50 14.00 to IG.OO 4.. 50 4.70 5 . 00 5.50 18.00 to 20.00 . 4.50 4.70 5.00 5.50 Meniscus — 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 ! 1.30 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.00 3.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 [ 4.50 to GOO + 1.40 1.60 2.10 2.60 3.10 3.10 3.60 1.50 1.70 2.20 2.70 3.20 3.20 3.70 6.50 to 8.00 J 1.60 1.80 2.30 2.80 3.30 3.30 3.80 Meniscus + 6.00 Rase Curve 0.12 to 2.00 j 1.70 2.00 2.50 3.00 3. 50 3.50 4.00 2.25 to 4.25 1 1.80 2.10 2.60 3.10 3.60 3.60 4.10 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 1 1.90 2.20 2.70 3.20 3.70 3.70 4.20 6.50 to 8.00 J 2.00 2.30 2.80 3.30 3.80 3.80 4.30 r-8 L o M n OPTICAL COM P A N V PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING PLANO AND SPHERO DROP OVAL (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain prices of finislicd lenses, add prices given helow to price of uncut, taking into account the .size of uncut required per cliart on page 85, and .such extra as may a])ply, given on page 110. To determine price for size or sliape of eye, other than .standard, ,idd Icngtli to width and figure 25 cents per dozen extra to the nearest .standard eye size. For the required uncut size, consult chart on page 85. Prices for fxlging not listed, will l)e given on request. Per Dozen Pairs COLORED 1 00 000 my2 0000 Jumbo Piano Flat 1 . 25 Curve 6.00 Curve 9.00 Curve $1.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 $1.10 1.10 2.30 3.30 $1.40 1.40 3.00 4.30 $1.70 1.70 3.50 4.80 $2.20 2.20 4.00 5.30 $2.20 2.20 4.00 5.30 $2.70 2.70 4.50 5.80 Sphero 0.12 to 2.00 1 Piano, 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 Double and 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 Periscopic 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 J + 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 2.20 2.25 2.30 2.35 2.20 2.25 2.30 2.35 2.70 2.75 2.80 2.85 0.12 to 2.00 1 Piano, 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 Double and 4.50 to 6.00 I Periscopic 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 J - 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 2.20 2.25 2.30 2.35 2.20 2.25 2.30 2.35 2.70 2.75 2.80 2.85 Meniscus — 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 I 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 "^ 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 ) 1.50 1,60 1.70 1.80 1.70 1 . 80 1.90 2 . 00 2.40 2.50 2.60 2 . 70 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.90 4.00 4.10 4.20 Meniscus + 6.00 Base Curve 0.12 to 2.00 ] 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6.50 to 8.00 J 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 4.00 4.10 4.20 4.30 4.00 4.10 4.20 4.30 4.50 4.60 4.70 4.80 99 B A U S C H LOME OPTICAL COM P A N Y PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING CYLINDER, FLAT AND TORIC ROUND (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain prices of finished lenses, add prices given below to price of uncut, taking into account the size of uncut required per chart on page 85, and such extra as may apply, given on page 110. To determine price for size of eye, other than standard, figure 25 cents per dozen pairs extra to the nearest standard eye size. For the required uncut size, consult chart on page 85. Prices for P^dging not listed, will be given on request. WHITE Per Dozen Pairs 1 00 000 000^ 0000 Jumbo Plano-Cylinder Flat 0.12 to 2.00 1 , 2.25 to 4.25 i Yxes 4.50 to 6.00 q,,o „:,_| tor,o 6.50 to 8.00 J -^'^ ''"'' ^^" $1.30 1.40 $1 . 50 1.60 $1.80 1.90 $2.30 2.40 $2.80 2.90 $2.80 2.90 $3.30 3.40 1.50 1.70 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.00 3.50 1.60 1.80 2.10 2.60 3.10 3.10 3.60 0.12 to 2.00 1.50 1.70 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.00 3.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 i + or - 1.60 1.80 2.10 2.60 3.10 3.10 3.60 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 Other Axes 1.70 1.90 2.20 2.70 3.20 3.20 3.70 6.50 to 8.00 1.80 2.00 2.30 2.80 3.30 3.30 3.80 Sphero-Cylinder Flat 0.12 to 2.00 +0+,-0-, 1.80 2.00 2.30 2.80 3.30 3.30 3.80 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 + O - or - O + 1.90 2.10 2.40 2.90 3.40 3.40 3.90 4.50 to 6.00 Axes 2.00 2.20 2.50 3.00 3.50 3.50 4.00 6.50 to 8.00 90° and 180° 2.10 2.30 2.60 3.10 3.60 3.60 4.10 0.12 to 2.00 1 , ^ , ^ 2.25 to 4.25!]".^"^' ^_r 4.50to6.00 +-^,^', 7 + 6.50 to 8.00 1 1.60 1.80 2.10 2.60 3.10 3.10 3.60 1.70 1.90 2.20 2.70 3.20 3.20 3.70 1.80 2.00 2.30 2.80 3.30 3.30 3.80 0.12 to 2.00 1 1.70 1.90 2.20 2.70 3.20 3.20 3.70 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 + or - 1.80 2.00 2.30 2.80 3.30 3.30 3.80 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 Other Axes 1.90 2.10 2.40 2.90 3.40 3.40 3.90 6.50 to 8.00 J 2.00 2.20 2.50 3.00 3.50 3.50 4.00 Sphero-Cylinder Toric 0.12 to 2.00 1 + 0+, - 0-, 1.50 1.70 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.00 3.50 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 1 + - or - + 1.60 1.80 2.10 2.60 3.10 3.10 3.60 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 1 Axes 1.70 1.90 2.20 2.70 3.20 3.20 3.70 6.50 to 8.00 J 90° and 180° 1.80 2.00 2.30 2.80 3.30 3.30 3.80 0.12 to 2.00 1 , ^ , -, 2.25 to 4.25 ^^ +' •3:.^ ' 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.20 2.30 2.70 2.80 3.20 3.30 3.20 3.30 3,70 3.80 4.50 to 6.00 ^ Other" Axes^ 6.50 to 8.00 Other Axes 1.90 2.10 2.40 2.90 3.40 3.40 3.90 2.00 2.20 2.50 3.00 3.50 3.50 4.00 102 L o M n o 1' r I (• .\ L (• <) M r .\ N Y PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING CYLINDER, FLAT AND TORIC REGULAR OVAL (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain prices of finished lenses, add prices given below to price of uncut, taking into account the size of uncut required per chart on page 85, and such extra as may apply, given on page 110. To determine price for size or shape of eye, other than standard, add length to width and figure 25 cents per dozen jiairs extra to tiie nearest standard eye size. For the re(iuired uncut size, consult chart on page 85. Prices for Edging not listed, will be given on request. Per Dozen Pairs COLORED 1 00 000 000 V 0000 Jumbo Piano-Cylinder Flat 0.12 to 2.00] 2.25 to 4.25 1 \^^^ 6 . oO to 8 . 00 J $1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 $1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 $1.70 1 . 80 1.90 2.00 $2 . 20 2.30 2.40 2.50 $2 . 70 2.80 2.90 3.00 $2 . 70 2.80 2.90 3.00 $3 . 20 3.30 3.40 3.50 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 1 + or - 4.50 to 6.00 1 Other Axes 6.50 to 8.00 J 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 1.90 2 . 00 2.10 2.20 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 Sphero-Cylinder Flat 0.12 to 2.00 ] + 0+, - 0-, 2 , 25 to 4 . 25 , + O - or - O + 4.50 to 6.00 ' Axes 6.50 to 8.00 J 90° and 180° 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 0.12 to 2.00 1 , ^ , ^ 2.25 to 4.25 "^^ ^' X ' 4.50 to 6.00 "^ 7^,, oi -- + 6.50 to 8.00 J Other Axes 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2 . 90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.90 4.00 4.10 4.20 Piano-Cylinder Toric 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.25 to 4.25 \^l 4.50 to 6.00 ^onornTi8n° 6.50 to 8.00 J ^^ ^"'' 1^^ 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 0.12 to 2.00 ] 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 ! + or - 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 j Other Axes 6.50 to 8.00 J 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.10 2 . 20 2.30 2.40 2 . 40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2 . 90 3 . 00 3.10 3.20 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.90 4.00 4.10 4.20 Sphero-Cylinder Toric 0.12 to 2.00] +0+,-0-, 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 1 + C - or - O + 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 1 Axes 6.50 to 8.00 J 90° and 180° 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 1 . 90 2 . 00 2.10 2.20 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 0.12 to 2.00 1 , -, , ^ 2.25 to 4.25 J ^ ^' X , ' 4.50 to 6.00 + OtherAxes^ 6.50 to 8.00 J 'JtlierAxes 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3 40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.90 4.00 4.10 4.20 103 LOME OPTICAL C O M P A X Y PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING CYLINDER, FLAT AND TORIC FULL AND SHORT OVAL (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain prices of finished lenses, adfl prices given below to price of uncut, taking into account the size of uncut required per chart on page 85, and such extra as may apjily, given on page 110. To determine price for size or shape of eye, other than standard, add length to width and figure 25 cents per dozen pairs extra to the nearest standard eye size. For the required uncut size, consult chart on page 85. Prices for Edging not listed, will be given on request. Per Dozen Pairs Piano-Cylinder Flat + or — Axes 90° and 180° 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 I + or - 4 . 50 to () . 00 ( Other Axes 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 J Sphero-Cy Under 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4.50 to GOO 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to (i . 00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 Flat + , - + + Axes 90° and 180° C5 — or — O Other Axes Piano-Cylinder Torjc 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6.50 to 8.00 + or — Axes 90° and 180° 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 ! + or - 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 f Other Axes 6.50 to 8.00 J Sphero-Cylinder Toric 0.12 to 2.00 1 + o +, - O - 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 I + O - or - O 4.50 to 6.00 I Axes 6.50 to 8.00 ) 90° and 180° 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 + O - or - O +' Other Axes WHITE $1 . 25 1.35 1.45 1.55 1.45 1.55 1.65 1.75 1.75 1.85 1.95 2.05 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 1.75 1.85 1.95 2.05 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 1.75 1.85 1.95 2.05 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 00 $1.45 1.55 1.65 1.75 1.65 1.75 1.85 1.95 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 $1.75 1.85 1.95 2.05 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 2.25 2.35 2.45 2.55 2.45 2.55 2.65 2.75 2.25 2.35 2.45 2.55 2.45 2.55 2.65 2.75 2.25 2.35 2.45 2.55 2.45 2.55 2.65 2.75 000 B2.25 2.35 2.45 2.55 2.45 2.55 2.65 2.75 2.75 2.85 2.95 3.05 2.95 3.05 3.15 3.25 2.75 2.85 2.95 3.05 2.95 3.05 3.15 3.25 2.75 2.85 2.95 3.05 2.95 3.05 3.15 3.25 wm 0000 $2.75 $2.75 2.85 2.85 2.95 2.95 3.05 3.05 2.95 2.95 3.05 3.05 3.15 3.15 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.35 3.35 3.45 3.45 3.55 3.55 3.45 3.45 3.55 3.55 3.65 3.65 3.75 3.75 3.25 3.25 3.35 3.35 3.45 3.45 3.55 3.55 3.45 3.45 3.55 3.55 3.65 3.65 3.75 3.75 3.25 3.25 3.35 3.35 3.45 3.45 3.55 3.55 3.45 3.45 3.55 3.55 3.65 3.65 3.75 3.75 Jumbo $3.25 3.35 3.45 3.55 3.45 3.55 3.65 3.75 3.75 3.85 3.95 4.05 3.95 4.05 4.15 4.25 3.75 3.85 3.95 4.05 3.95 4.05 4.15 4.25 3.75 3.85 3.95 4.05 3.95 4.05 4.15 4.25 104 XT S C II L O M I? <) I' T 1 (' .\ L <• () M 1* .\ \ Y PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING CYLINDER, FLAT AND TORIC FULL AND SHORT OVAL (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain prices of finished lenses, add prices given below to price of uncnt, taking into account the size of nncnt reqnired i)er chart on page 85, and such extra as may apply, given on |)agc 1 10. To determine price for size or shape of eye, other than standard, add Iciigtii to width and figure 25 cents per dozen pairs extra to the nearest standard eye size. For the required uncut size, consult chart on page 85. Prices for Edging not listed, will be given on request. Per Dozen Pairs COLORED 1 00 000 om 0000 Jumbo Plano-Cylinder Flat 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.25 to 4.25 [ \°^^^ 4.50 to 6.00 90° .,„j 180° 6.50 to 8. 00 J -^^ ^""^ ^^'^ $1.45 1.55 1.65 1.75 $1.65 1.75 1.85 1.95 $1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 $2.45 2.55 2.65 2.75 $2.95 3.05 3.15 3.25 $2.95 3.05 3.15 3.25 $3.45 3 . 55 3.65 3.75 0.12 to 2.00 1 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 + or — 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 Other Axes 6.50 to 8.00 . 1.65 1.75 1.85 1.95 1.85 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 2.65 2.75 2.85 2.95 3.15 3.25 3.35 3.45 3.15 3.25 3.35 3.45 3.65 3.75 3.85 3.95 Sphero-Cylinder Flat 0.12 to 2.00 1 + O +, - O -, 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 + O - or - O + 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 Axes 6.50 to 8.00 90° and 180° 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 2.45 2.55 2.65 2.75 2.95 3.05 3.15 3.25 3.45 3.55 3.65 3.75 3.45 3.55 3.65 3.75 3.95 4.05 4.15 4.25 0.12 to 2.00 1 , -. , ^ 2.25 to 4.25 T'^ ' ^ ; 4.50 to 6.00 ^ other AxeT 6.50 to 8.00 Other Axes 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 2.35 2.45 2.55 2.65 2.65 2.75 2.85 2.95 3.15 3.25 3.35 3.45 3.65 3.75 3.85 3.95 3.65 3.75 3.85 3.95 4.15 4.25 4.35 4.45 Piano-Cylinder Toric 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.25 to 4.25 [ +^^^^ 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 f,^o 1 1 0AO 6.50 to 8.00 P"^"^^ 1^0 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 2.45 2.55 2.65 2.75 2.95 3.05 3.15 3.25 3.45 3.55 3.65 3.75 3.45 3.55 3.65 3.75 3.95 4.05 4.15 4.25 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 + or - 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 Other Axes 6.50 to 8.00 2.15 2 25 2^35 2.45 2.35 2.45 2.55 2.65 2.65 2.75 2.85 2.95 3.15 3.25 3.35 3.45 3.65 3.75 3.85 3.95 3.65 3.75 3.85 3.95 4.15 4.25 4.35 4.45 Sphero-Cyijnder Toric 0.12 to 2.00 1 +0+,-0-, 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 + O - or - C + 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 Axes 6.50 to 8.00 J 90° and 180° 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 2.45 2.55 2.65 2.75 2.95 3.05 3.15 3.25 3.45 3.55 3.65 3.75 3.45 3.55 3.65 3.75 3.95 4.05 4.15 4.25 0.12 to 2.001 , ^ , ^ 2.25 to 4.25 7;X ' X^ ' 4.50 to 6.00 + Tjther'AxeT 6.50 to 8.00 J UtnerAxes 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 2.35 2.45 2.55 2.65 2.65 2.75 2.85 2.95 3.15 3.25 3.35 3.45 3.65 3.75 3.85 3.95 3.65 3.75 3.85 3.95 4.15 4.25 4.35 4.45 105 L O M B O I' T I C \ L C O M I> A N Y PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING CYLINDER, FLAT AND TORIC DROP OVAL (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To ol)tain prices of finished lenses, add jjrices rriven Ijelow to price of uncut, taking into account the size of uncut required per chart on page 85, and such extra as may apply, given on page 110. To determine price for size or shape of eye, other than standard, add length to width and figure 25 cents per dozen pairs extra to the nearest standard eye size. For the required uncut size, consult chart on page 85. Prices for Edging not listed, will be given on request. WHITE Per Dozen Pairs 1 00 000 000^ 0000 Jumbo Piano-Cylinder Flat 0.12 to 2. 00 2.25 to 4.25 "^"' 4.50 to G.OO f ,,,,o 1 ,o,,o 6.50 to 8.00 J '^'^ «"''l^^' $1.50 $1.70 $2 . 00 $2 . 50 $3 . 00 $3.00 $3 , 50 1 . 60 1.80 2.10 2 . GO 3.10 3.10 3.60 1 . 70 1.90 2.20 2 . 70 3.20 3.20 3.70 1.80 2.00 2.30 2.80 3.30 3.30 3.80 0.12 to 2.00 1.70 1.90 2 . 20 2.70 3.20 3.20 3.70 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 + or - 1.80 2.00 2.30 2.80 3.30 3.30 3.80 4.50 to 6.00 Other Axes 1.90 2.10 2.40 2.90 3.40 3.40 3.90 6.50 to 8.00 ] 2.00 2.20 2.50 3.00 3.50 3.50 4.00 Sphero-Cy Under Flat 0.12 to 2.00 1 + 0+, - O -, 2.00 2.20 2.50 3.00 3 . 50 3 . 50 4 . 00 2.25 to 4.25 + O -or- O f 2.10 2.30 2 . 60 3.10 3.60 3 . 60 4.10 4.50 to G.OO 1 Axes 2.20 2.40 2.70 3.20 3.70 3.70 4 , 20 6.50 to 8.00 1 90° and 180° 2 . 30 2.50 2.80 3.30 3.80 3.80 4,30 0.12 to 2.00 1 , ^ , ^ 2.25 to 4.25 7"^ +' ^ ' 2.20 2.40 2.70 3.20 3.70 3.70 4,20 2.30 2.50 2 . 80 3.30 3.80 3.80 4.30 4.50 to 6.00 ^ 7.,, °'\ '^ ^ 6.50 to 8.00 Other Axes 2.40 2.60 2 . 90 3.40 3.90 3.90 4.40 2.50 2.70 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.00 4.50 Piano-Cylinder Toric 0.12 to 2.00 1 2.00 2.20 2 . 50 3.00 3.50 3.50 4.00 2.25 to 4.25 +°' 4.50 to 6.00 f „„o 1 Lno ami An 00 an( 180 6 . 50 to 8 . 00 2.10 2.30 2 . 60 3.10 3,60 3,60 4.10 2.20 2.40 2 . 70 3.20 3.70 3.70 4.20 2 . 30 2.50 2 . 80 3.30 3.80 3.80 4.30 0.12 to 2.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 1 + or - 2.20 2.40 2.70 3.20 3.70 3.70 4.20 2.30 2.50 2.80 3.30 3.80 3.80 4 , 30 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 Other Axes 2.40 2.60 2.90 3.40 3.90 3.90 4.40 6.50 to 8.00 2.50 2.70 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.00 4.50 Sphero-Cylinder Toric 0.12 to 2.00 1 +0+,-0-, 2.00 2.20 2.50 3.00 3.50 3.50 4.00 2 . 25 to 4 . 25 + O - or - O + 2.10 2.30 2.60 3.10 3.60 3.60 4.10 4 . 50 to 6 . 00 Axes 2.20 2.40 2.70 3.20 3.70 3.70 4.20 6.50 to 8.00 [ 90° and 180° 2.30 2.50 2.80 3.30 3.80 3.80 4.30 0.12 to 2.00 1 , .^ , ^ 2.25 to 4.25 _7^ +' ^ ' 2 . 20 2.30 2.40 2 . 50 2,70 2.80 3.20 3.30 3.70 3.80 3.70 3.80 4.20 4.30 4.50 to 6.00 +-^°».-^ + 6.50 to 8.00 J utner Axes 2.40 2.60 2.90 3.40 3.90 3.90 4.40 2.50 2.70 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.00 4.50 106 B A r S C II L O M 15 O I' T 1 (■ .\ L (' () M r .\ N \ PRICES FOR BEVEL AND RIMLESS EDGING CYLINDER, FLAT AND TORIC DROP OVAL (TO BE ADDED TO UNCUT LENSES) To obtain jirice.s of finished Icii.so.s, add prices jfiven l)elow to price of uncut, taking into account the size of uncut required per chart on paifocal in that they have no distinct hue of demarcation between the distance and reading portions. As the two pieces of glass are firmly fused together, they form practically one solid piece, and the possibility of falling apart or collecting of dirt in the creases, therefore, is eliminated. 116 n A XT sen L O M B OPTICAL COMPANY PRICES FOR KRYPTOK BIFOCAL BLANKS AND LENSES These blanks and lenses are made under U. S. I'atents Nos. (i.'JTJil and H7(i !):5;J and sold under terms and conditions established by the Patentees. Per Pair Flat , Toric Flat . Toric Blanks Rough Blanks Piano or Sphero One Side Uncut Lenses (Finished on l)oth sides) Flat Piano or Sphero Cylinder or Sphero-Cylinder Sphero-Prism Cylinder -Prism or Sphero-Cylinder Prism Toric Piano or Sphero Cyliniler or Sphero-Cylinder Sphero-Prism Cylinder-Prism or Sphero-Cylinder Prism $2.50 3.50 3.00 4.50 3.50 4.50 4.50 5.25 5.50 6.50 G.50 7.75 Edgred EdRed and Drilled Minimum Retail Prices Net See also extras $4.00 5.00 5.00 5.75 6.00 7.00 7.00 8.25 $4.25 5.25 5.25 6.00 6.25 7.25 7.25 8.50 $8.00 10.00 10.00 12.00 10.00 13.00 13.00 15.00 Single lalanks or lenses half price of pairs. EXTRAS — Per pair to list prices Colored, except Crookes, Noviol and Euphos Crookes, Noviol and Euphos .... Larger than can be made from regular size blanks Flat blanks with minus or plus curve greater than 4.00 D Blanks thicker than 7 mm $1 . 00 ^1.50 Cataracts (8.50 to 20.00 D) . 1.50 2.50 Larger Segments than standar'.S(I 2S6 279, 285 + 3 37 •.>ii 214 217 220 222 225 227 230 233 235 238 241 244 246 249 251 254 253 257 256 261/ 'j(;:i -.'ik; -.mis -.'Tij^ -j?:'. 'J7( + 3.50 + 3.62 iio 2.3 216 219 221 224 226 229 232 234 237 240 243 245 248 250 2.V1 -i:; ■•(,.-, ..,17 209 272 275 + 3.75 + 3.87 iOO 212 215 218 220 223 225 228 231 233 236 239 242 244 247 249 iSS 255 2.".s _'(;i -ji;). J(16 268] 271 274 273 272 271 270 269 278 284 + 4 00 + 4.12 208 211 214 217 219 222 224 227 230 232 235 238 241 243 246 248 251 254 257 26(1 263 265 267 270 266 269 265 268 264 267 263 266 277 276 275 274 273 283 4 4.25 + 4.37 -iO~ 210 213 216 218 221 223 226 229 231 234 237 240 242 245 247 250 253 256 259 262 264 282 + 4.50 + 4 62 206 209 212 215 217 220 222 225 228 230 233 236 239 241 244 246 249 252 255 258 261 263 281 + 4 75 + 4 87 i>OJ 208 211 214 216 219 221 224 227 229 232 235 238 240 243 245 248 251 254 257 260 262 261 280 + 5.00 + 5.12 204 207 210 213 215 218 220 223 226 228 231 234 237 239 242 244 247 250 253 256 259 279 + 5.25 + 5.37 203 206 209 212 214 217 219 222 225 227 230 233 230 238 241 243 246 249 252 255 258 266 262 265 268 272 278 + 5.50 + 5.62 202 205 208 211 213 216 218 221 224 226 229 232 235 237 240 242 245 248 251 254 257 259 261 264 267 271 277 + 5.75 + 5.87 312 315 318 320 323 325 328 331 334 336 339 342 345 347 350 352 355 358 361 363 366 368 371 374 377 382 387 + 6.00 + 612 3n| 314 317i 319 322 324 327 330 333 335 338 341 344 346 349 351 354 357 360 362 365 367 370 373 376 381 386 + 6.25 + 6 37 310 313 3;6' 318 321 323 326 329 332 334 337 340 343 345 348 350 353 356 359 361 364 366 369 372 375 380] 385 + 6 50 + 6.62 309 312 315| 817 320 322 325 328 331 333 336 339 342 3441 347 349 352 355 -358 360 363j 365 368 371 374 379 384 + 6.75 + 6.87 308 311 314 316 319 321 324 327 330 332 335 338 341 343 346] 348 351 354 357 359 362 364 367 370' 373 378 383 + 7.00 + 7.12 307 310 313 315 318 320 323 326; 329 331 334 337 340 342' 345 347 350 353 356 358 361 363 366 369' 372 377 382 + 7.25 + 7.37 306 309 312 314 317 319 322 325| 328 330 333 330 339 341 344 346^ 349 352 355 357 360 362 365 368 371 376 381 + 7 50 + 7.62 305 308 311 313 316 318 321 324 327 329 332 335 338 340[ 343 345 348 351 354 356 359 361 364 367 370 375, 380 + 7,75 + 7.87 304 307 310 312 315 317 320 323 326 328 331 334 337 339 342 344 347 350 353 355 358 360 363 366J 369 374 379 + 8.00 + 8 12 303 306 309 311 314 316 319 322 325 327 330 333 336 338| 341 343 346 349 352 354 357 359 362 365 368 373 378 + 8.25 + 8.37 302 305 308 310 313 315 318 321 324 326 325 329 332 335 337 340 342 345 348 351 353 356 358 361 364 367 372 377 + 8.50 + 8 62 301 304 307 309 312 314 317 320 323 328 33l[ 334 336 339 341 344 347 350 352 355 357 360 363' 366 371 376 375 + 8.75 + 8.87 300 303' 306! 308 311 313 316 319 322 324 327 330 333' 335 338 340 343 346 349 351 354| 356 359 362] 365 370 + 9.00 + 9.12 802 805 807 810 812 815 818 821 823 826 849 832 834 837 839 842 845 848 850 853 855 858 861 864 869 874 + 9.25 + 9.37 801 804 806 809 811 814 817 820 822 825 828 831 833 830 838 841 844 847 849 852 854 857 860| 8(53 868 873 + 9 50 + 9.62 800 803 805 808 810 813 816 819 821 824 827 830 832J 835 837 840 843 846 848 851 853 856 859 862 867 872 + 9.75 + 9.87 802 804 807 809 812 815 818 820 823 826' 829 831 834 836 839 842 845 847 850 852 855 858 861 866 871 + 10 00 + 10.12 801 803 806 808 811 814 817 819 822 825 828 830 833 835 838 841 844 846 849 851 854 857 860 859 ■865 864 870 + 10.25 + 10.37 800 802 805 807 810 813 816 818 821 824 827 829 832 834 837 840 843 845 848 850 853 856 869 + 10.50 + 10 62 '. .. 801 804 806 809 812 815 817 820 823 826 828 831 833 836 839 842 844! 847 849 852 855 858 863 868 + 10.75 + 10.87 ... 800 803 805 808 811 814 816 819 822 825 827 830 832 835 838 841 843 846 848 851 850 854 853 857 856 862 861 867 + 11.00 + 11.12 802 804 807 810 813 815 818 821 824 826 829 831 834 837 840 842 845 847 866 + 11.25 + 1137 801 803 806 809 812 814 817 820 823 825 828 830 833 836 839 841 844 846 849 852 855 854 860 859 865 + 11.50 + 11.62 800 802 805 808 811 813 816 819 822 824 827 829 832 835 838 840 843 845 848 851 864 + 1175 + 11.87 801 804 807 810 812 815 818 821 823 826 828 831 834 837 839 842 844 847 850 853 858 863 + 12 00 + 12.12 800 803 806 809 811 814 817 820 822 825 827 830 833 836 838 841 843 846 849| 852 857 868 + 12.25 + 12.37 802 805 808 810 813 816 819 821 824 826 825 829 832 835 837 840 842 845 848] 851 856 861 + 12.50 + 12.62 801 804 807 809 812 815 818 820 823 828 831 834 836 839 841 844 847] 850 855 860 + 12.75 800 803 806 808 811 814 817 819 822 824 827 830 833 835 838 840 843 846' 849 854 859 + 13.00 802 805 807 810 813 816 818 821 8231 826 829 832 834 837 839 842 845 848 853 858 + 1325 804 806 809 812 815 817 820 822 825 828 831 833 836 838 84l| 844! 847 852 857 Curves 50 0.62 0.75 0.87 1.00 1.12 125 1.37 1.50 162 1.75 1.87 2 00 2.12 2.25 2.37 2.50 2.62 1 2.75 2.87 3.00 3.12 ' 3.25 1 3.37 ^ 3.50 3.75 1 4.00 Side READING ADDITIONS This chart, printed on heavy cardboard lor shop use, will be mailed free on request 119 B A U S C FT & L O M R /CS^^lSSx OPTICAL COM P A N Y KRYPTOK BIFOCAL DIRECTIONS The followin<>; directions will be found useful in selecting and surfacing blanks : Selection of Blank — First determine form and curves of the lens required and proceed to find blank number in the following manner: Trace down the "disc side" column of the chart to the desired curve, then across the top line to the desired reading addition; the figure in the intersecting space will indicate the number of blank to be used. This can be readily verified in the following examples, all of which have +1.00 additions: + 1.00 Sph. in Piano-Convex form (disc on piano side) Blank No. 21. + 1.00 Sph. in Piano-Convex form (disc on +1.00 side) Blank No. 17. + 1.00 Sph. in Periscopic form (disc on —1.25 side) Blank No. 26. + 1.00 Sph. in Periscopic form (disc on +2.25 side) Blank No. 12. + 1.00 S})h. in Meniscus form -6.00 Curve (disc on +7.00 curve) Blank No. 318. + 1.00 Plano-Cyl. in flat form (disc on piano side) Blank No. 21. Surfacimj — Always grind the disc side first. Blocking — Both the blank, as well as the l)0(ly on which it is to be blocked, should be heatetl and blocking wax aj)plied to each, then glass pressed onto body while wax is still warm. The glass should be gradually and uniformly heated and on no account put into direct flame of the gas. It should be given time to cool before grinding and never cooled by dipping into water. Roughing — Coarse emery may be used safely as follows : From Nos. 1 to 10 until disc is 6.5 mm larger than finished size. From Nos. 11 to 40 until disc is 5.0 mm larger than finished size. From Nos. 41 up until disc is 3.0 mm larger than finished size. The weaker the addition, the more rapidly will the size of disc be reduced when smoothing. Smoothing -^Qcond emery may be used as follows: From Nos. 1 to 10 until disc is 3.5 mm larger than finished size. From Nos. 11 to 40 until disc is 3.0 mm larger than finished size. From Nos. 41 up until disc is 2.0 mm larger than finished size. Fine Grinding— Hausch & Lomb fine emery should be used and the disc left 0.5 mm larger than finished size, as polishing will reduce it that much. Polishing — Use Bausch & Lomb rouge and either piano felt or a closely woven cloth. It is better not to try to force the work, })ut to polish slowly. Better work will be obtained by so doing. Taking Glass off" Body — Do not take off by jarring, preferably let cold water 120 B A U S C II L O M 13 O P T 1 C A L <) M I' A N V run over the hack of Ixxly, thorehy chillini;- il. In a few inoiiicrils the i)if(h will contract and the Umis can he reaiMh sepaialed tVoni il. Surfacing Second Sidc^Vsc Hie same care in hiockinn' as on the first side. If lens is to he ground to a cylinder or loric- surface, indicate the axis on the finished side by marking a line with hhie wax pencil. Avoid Prismatic Effccf^lMcrnuuv height the disc is to he when lens is edged, and after allowing sufficient margin, cut away sur])lus glass on both upper and lower portions of blank. The body to l)e used should confoini nearly in curve to that of the curve of blank to he blocked on it. 'J his lule holds good whether for first or second side. Do not block a loric Kryplok on a flat body, or vice versa, as an undue strain will be put on the lens. Do not grind into the disc when grinding the second side. It can be avoided by fol- lowing the table given Ijclow. This table will show what the actual thickness of the flint disc should be at its center, plus a small margin for safe grinding. If the lens is ground thinner at this point, the blank will be ruined by grinding into the disc. Addition Minimum Ttiickness Addition Minimum Thiclcness Addition Minimum Thickness 0.50 0.4 mm 1.62 0.9 mm 2.62 1 . 3 mm 0.62 0.5 mm 1.75 1 . mm 2 . 75 1 . 4 mm 0.75 0.5 mm 1.87 1 . mm 2.87 1 . 5 mm 0.87 0.6 mm 2.00 1 . 1 mm 3 . 00 1 . 5 mm 1.00 . 6 mm 2.12 1 . 1 mm 3.25 1 . 6 mm l.U 0.7 mm 2 . 25 1 . 2 mm 3.50 1 . 7 mm 1.25 0.7 mm 2.37 1 . 2 mm 3.75 1 . 8 mm 1.37 0.8 mm 2.50 1 . 3 mm 4.00 1 . 9 mm 1.50 0.8 mm This scale is computed for 18 mm discs. If the disc is to be left larger than 18 mm diameter, the lens should be left thicker at that point. If discs are to "set in" for reading, proceed as follows: Before marking lens for axis and before surfacing cylinder side, rotate the lens 5° for each millimeter it is to be set in. If lens is for Right eye, rotate disc toward left. If lens is for Left eye, rotate disc toward right. Then mark the axis on the side upon which the cylinder surface is to be ground in the usual manner, using protractor. Turn lens over and mark again on finished disc side in wax pencil, tracing over the mark shown on the side to be oround. 121 ULTEX ONEPIECE BIFOCAL BLANKS AND LENSES "UNI-BIFO (LUXE)" (Registered Trade Mark) ULTEX Onepiece Bifocal Lenses show no marked line of separation between the distance and reading portions. They are single, solid lenses, althou ..() 25 7 25 + 1.25, + 1.50 z li 00 z 6 00 7 25 ,0 7 50 z 6 12 z 6 12" 7 37 ,0 7 62 + 1.75 z 6 00 7 73 z 6 12 7 87 z 6"i5 0800 z 6 37 8 12 z 6 50 8 25 + 200 A 6 00 fl 8 00 z 6 12 8 12 z 6 25 8 23 z 6 37 8 37 z 6 .50 8.50 + 2 25 z^S 00 8 25 A^ 25" 0850 z 6 50 8 73 + 2.50 z 600 8 50 z 6 2,5 8 75 z 6 50 9 00 + 2.75 z 6 00 8 75 + 3.00 PLANO /■ 6 00 sph. 6 6 12' z 6 00 9.00 + .12 /■ 6 12 '/• 6 12 6 25 |0,6 37 / 6 25 jz 6 25 6 37 !0 6 50 /• 6 37 tz, 6 37 6 .50 6 62 z 6 12 6 50 /• 6 2.5 6 62 A 6 37 6 75 z 6 12 6 62 z 6,25 6 75 z 6,37 6 87 + .25 6625 z 6 25 750 z 6 2.5 7,75 z 6 25 9 00 z 6.2s 9 25 + .37 6 6 37 /• 6 37 700 z 6 37 jz 6 37 7 12 ;0 7 37 z 6 37 762 z 6 37 6 787 z 6 50 8 00 1 + .50 6 650 /. 6 50 6 62 z 6 50 6 75 /• "6 62 6 87 z. 6 50 (z 6 50 6 87 iO 7 00 z. 6 62 U 6 62 7 00 iO 7 12 z 6 75 Iz 6 75 7 12 |0 7 25 z 7 00 z 7 00 7 37 7 50 /, 7 25 z 7 25 7 62 7 75 z 7 50 z 7" 50 7 87 ,0 8 00 7 7 75 z 7 "75 8 12 8 2.5 z 8 00 Z 8 00 8 37 8 .5(1 /I 6 25 VI 6 25 * 6 62 it 6 75 ^ 6 50 1^ 6 50 4 6 87 l4 7 00 A 6 75 , A 6 '75 4 7 12 4 7 25 ^ 7 00 U 7 00 4 7 37 j4 7 50 /7"25 I A 7 2.5 4 7 62 ,4 7 75 z 6 50 Iz 6 50 7 12 |0 7 25 z 6 50 7 50 Z 6 50 7 75 z 6 30 9,25 z 6 50 9 50 + .62 6 6 62 z 6 62 6 75 z 6 62 Iz 6 62 7 25 |0 7 37 z 6 75 z 6,75 7 37 7 50 z 7 00 z 7 00 7 62 7 75 z 7 25 Iz 7 25 7 87 S 00 z 7 .50"!z"7 .50 S 12 ,0 8 25 z 6 62 Iz 6 62 D 7,62 10 7,87 z 6 75 z 6 75 7 75 iO 8 00 z 7.00 Iz 7 00 8 00 |0 8 25 z 7 25 Iz 7 25 8 25 |0 8 50 z 7 50 Iz 7 .50" 8 .50 '0 8 75 z 6 62 8 12 z 6 62 8 37 z 6 62 8 62 z 6 75 8 75 z 7 00 9 00 z. 7 25 9 -25 z, 7 50 9 50 6 9 73 z 6 75 900 z 7 00 9 25 z 7 25 9 .50 z 7 50 9 75 z 7 75 D 10 00 + .75 6 6 75 /• 6 75 z 6 75 6 87 ,0 7 00 /• 7 00 /• 7 00 7 12 7 25 /• 7 2.5 /, 7 25 7 37 7 50 /- 7 5.T z 7 .50 7 62 7 75 z 6 75 8 25 z 6 75 8 60 z 7 00 6 8 75 z 7 2.5 9 00 z 7 50 9 2.5 z 7 75 9 30 z 8 00 9 75 A 6 7b 4 8 50 A 7 00 4 8 75 A 7 25 4900 A 7 50 4 9 25 z 6 75 9 23 z 6.75 950 z 6 75 9 75 + 1.00 6700 z 7 00 8 50 z 700z 700/ 700 9 50 9 75 10 00 + 1.25 6725 z 7 25 8 75 z 7 .50 9 00 z 7 75 9 2.5 z 8 00 9 50 j"6i5 4 7 75 A 6 50 4.8 00 4 6 75 4 8 25 A 7 00 4 8 50 A 7 2.5" 4 8 73 A 750 4900 z 7 2.5 z 7 25 z 7 25 9 75 10 00 10 25 + 1.50 6 7.50 z 7 50 z 7 50'z 7 .50 10 00 10 25|0 10 50 + 1.75 6 7 75 i 7 75 6787 f 7 75 800 /;. 8 00 8 25 A 6 2:5 4 6 50 Z 7 ;5 Iz 7 75 Iz 7 75 Iz 7 75 8 37 |0 8 .50 |0 8 75 iO 9 00 z 7 75 10 25 z 8 00 10 50 4 Vi z 7 75 z 7 75 10, .50 10 75 + 2.00 6 8 00 /• 8 00 8 12 z, 8 00 8 62 A 625 4 6 87 z 8 .TO z a 00 V 8 00 8 75 jo 9 00 9 2.5 A 6 2.5" .1 6 25 'a 6 "25 4 7 00 |4 7 25 ,4 7 50 A 6 .50 'A 6 50 1^ 6 .50 4 7 25 :4 7 .50 :4 7 75 4 6,75 lA 6 75 Ij^ 6 75 4 7 .50 4 7 75 4 8 00 aTOoVa 7 00 U 7 00 t 7 75 it 8 00 I* 8 25 z 8 Oolz S 00 10 00 10 25 4li4 11 4 ^^4 |S A 6 75Ll 6 75 4 8 75 4 9 00 A 7 00'^ 7 00 t 9 00|t 9 25 A 7 2"% 7 25 4 9 25j4 9 .50 A 7 .50'^ 7 50 4 9 .50 4 9 75 A 7 75,4 7 75 4 9 75 4 10 00 z 8 OOz 8 00 10 75 11 00 + 2.25 4 6 25 A 625 *6 37 ^ 6 25'1 6 2.5 4 9 oo4 9 25 + 2.50 4 6 50 ^ 6 50 4 6 62 ^ 6 50 4 6 75 ^ 6 50 4 7 12 ^ 6 75 4 7 37 A 700 4 7 62 A 7 25 4 7 87 A 6 50!^ 6 50'^ 6.50 4 9 oo4 9 25 4 9 50 + 2.75 4 6 75 ^6 75 4 6 87 A 7 00 4 7 12 4?S A 700 4 7 25 A 6 751^ 6 75^1 6 75 'i 9 23 * 9 50 t 9 75 + 3.00 4700 A 700 4 9 30 A 725 4 975 A 7 50 1 U) 00 /I ^ '5 t 10 25 A 700^ 700 4 9 73 4 10 00 + 3.25 4725 A 7 25 4737 A 7 25 4 7 50 4 7 25 1^ 7 2.5 4 8 00 i4 8 25 A 7 2-5 4 8 50 A 7 23'^ 7 25 4 10 00;4 10 25 + 3.50 4 7 50 A 7 50 4 7,62 A 7.75 4 7.87 A 7" 50 47 75 A 750 4775 A 7 75 4 8 12 A 7 50 4800 A 7 75 4 8 25 ^750 4 8 12 A 7 75 4 8 37 4 8 62 4 7 .50 !V 7 50 4 8 2.5 |4 8 .50 A 7.50 4 8 75 A 7 7.5" 4900 A. 7 50I4 7 50 t 10 25, t 10 50 + 3.75 4775 A 7 75 4800 4 8.50 aHOO 4 8 75 A 7 75 4 8 75 ^800 4900 j^ 7 73 4 7 75 4 9 25 4 9 50 A 7 7b\A 7 75 * 10 50 t 10 75 + 4.00 4800 4 8 00 U 8 00 4 8,12 |4 8.25 ^ 8 00 4 8 37 Asm 4 8 50 ^800 4 9 25 4-8 00 4 9 50 4 800 4 9 75 A 800 4 10 00 A 800 4 10 25 4 10 30 ^.800 4 10 75 A 800 4 11 00 -CYLINDER POWER — Sphero Meniscus -.12| -.25| -.37| -.50| -.62 -.75 -1.00 -1.25 -1.50 -1.75 -2.00|-2.25 -2.50 -2.75 -3.00 PLANO 6 6 00 z 5 87 Iz 5 75 Iz 5 62 |z 5 50 z 5 37 O600O600O600O600'O600 z 5 25 600 z 5 00 6 00 6 75 '0 6 50 lo 6 2.5 O800 OSOOjOSOO 6 00 8 8 00 5 75 8.00 6 50 8 00 5 25 7 76 5 25 8 8 00 g 5 00 8 800 - .12 6587 z 6 75 z 5 62 5 87 5 87 z 5 50 z 5 37 [z 5 2.5 5 87 5 87 jO 5 87 z. 5 37 'z 5 25 z 5 12 5 75 ,0 5 75 '0 5 75 z 5 12 z 4 87 5 87 5 87 z 5 00 Id 6 75 3 75 |8 7 75 6 62 D 6 37 D 6 12 1 8 7 87 7 87 7 87 - .25 z Iz 5 62 Iz 5 .50 5 75 |0 5 75 5 75 Q 6 .50 6 25 6 00 '0 5 75 7 75 8 7 75 ,8 7 75 ,8 7 75 5 50 8 5 75 5 00 7 76 6 75 V 8 75 - .37 6 5 62 z 5 50 Iz 5 37 O 5 62 fO 5 62 z 5 25 'z 5 12 Iz 5 00 5 62 |0 5 62 |0 3 62 z 5 12 Iz 5 00 !z 4 87 5 .50 jO 5 50 ;0 5 .50 z 5 00 iz 4 87 '0 6 75 3 37 |0 5 37 18 7 37 z.""4 87 Id 6 73 Ic 6 62" 5 25 7 25 '8 7 25 z 4 87 D 6 62 5 62 ;8 7 62 6 75 D 6 50 7 .50 ;0 7 .50 D 6 62 |o 6 37" 7 37 7 37 D 6 30 D 6 23 8 7 25 87 25 D 6 37 8 7 62 D 6 25 8 7 .50 Q 6 12 8 7 62 1 6 621 7 8 62[ - .50 6 5,50 r 3 37 Iz 5 25 J 5 50 |0 5 50 6 00 5 75 7 ,50 |0 7 .50 D 55O0 6,25 7 50O 7 50 6 37 V 8 37 D 6 00 8 750 Q 5 75 V 860 Q 550 V 850 - .62 6537 z 5 25 z 5 12 3 37 |0 5 37 z 5" 12 z. 5 00 5 25 5 25 6 12 1 ;o 6 62 7 37 1 1" 8 37 D 6 00 Id "5 75 D 5 30 8 7 25 7 25 ;0 7 23 o".5 73 3 .50 5 2.5 8 7 00 ;8 7 00 ,8 7 00 - .75' 6525 D 5 25 8 7 25 5 00 8 7 00 D 5 00 8 7 25 Q 5 75 V 8 25 6 50 V 8 25 525 V 825 -1.00 6500 z 4 87- o 6 75 5 00 O 7 00 D 6 62 D 6 50 D 6 37 D 6 25 D 6 00 7 00 ,0 7 00 |0 7 00 10 7 00 7 00 Q 5 75I0 5 50 7 8 00;7 8 00 5 25 V 800 5 00 V 800 -1.25 8 6 7! o 6 62 6 .50 o 6 .37 Id 6 25 'o 6 12 Id 6 00 D 5 73 O 6 75 O 6 73 6 75 O 6 73 |0 6 75 O 6 75 ,0 6 75 c 6 37 D 6 23 D 612 D 6 00 D 5 87 jj 5 75 D 5 50 O 6 50 .jO 6 50 ,0 6 .50 O 6 50 ,P 6 50 |0 6 .50 O 6 50 a 6 12 o 6 00 5 87 d" 5 75 D 5 62 o 5 50, D 5 25 6 25 |0 6 25 |0 6 25 O 6 25 O 6 25 'O 6 25 6 25 D 5 K7 o 5 75 D 5 62 o 5" ,50 o 5 37 o 5 25 o 5 00 O6 0l);O6 00O600 0600 0600,0 600 O600 D 5 50 5 25 !d 5 00 5 75 5 50 n 5 25 6 75 ,8 6 75 |8 6 75 |V 7 75|V 7 73|V 7 73 D 5 25 lo 3 00 Iq 5 75 ,0 5 50 Q 5"2.5:Q 3 00 6 .50 6 50 IV 7 .50 1" 7 50i" 7 .5017 7 50 6 00 V 7 76 -1.50 8 6 50 -1.75 8 6 25 D 5 00 5 75 lo 5 50 !o 5 2.5;o 5 00 6 25 V 7 25 1" 7 25 IV 7 25'V 7 75 -2.00 8 6 00 5 75 5 50 n 5 25 V 700 V 700 V 700 Q 5 00 7 7 00 -2.25 8 5 75 D 3 62 D 5 50 |o 5 37 D 5 2.5 |o 5 12 |0 5 00 A 5 75 8 3 73 8 3 75 O 5 75 O 5 75 |8 5 73 ,8 3 75 i" 6 75 Q 5 50 5 25 5 "00 V 6 75 V 6 75 ,V 6 75 -2.50 8 5 50 O 5 37 D 3 25 8 3 50 8 5 50 D 5 12 D 5 00 Iq 5 87 5 73 lo 5 50 5 .50 5 30 j" 6 30 7 6 50 [7 6 50 Q 5 25 Q 5 00 7 6 50 7 6 30 -2.75 8 5 25 D 5 12 Id 5 00 8 3 25 8 5 25 5 87 5 73 Iq 5 62 'q 5 50 " 6 25 |V 6 25 |V 6 25 jV 6 2.5 5 25 V 6 25 500 V 6,25 -3.00 9600 Q 5 87 Q 5 75 V 6 00 ,V 6 00 5 62 5 50 Iq 5 37 'q 5 25 " 6 00 iV 6 00 17 6 00 " 6 00 Q 5 00 V 600 -3.25 9 5,75 5 62 Q 5 .50 o 5 37 Q 5 25 V 5 75 V 5 75 iV 5 75 |V 5 73 5 12 V575 qSOO V575 -3.50 9550 O 3 37 n5 2.5o5 12 o500 V 5 ,50 |V 5 50 " 5 50 V 5 50 Q 5 12 5"00'o < 87 y 525 V525 V525 4 87 V55O -3.75 9525 -4.00 9500 Q 4 87 1 V 500 1 126 B A V S C II L O M 15 OPTICAL r O M P A X Y ULTEX ONEPIEGE BIFOCAL TABLE OF SURFACING TOOLS To select tool r<'<|iiir(>(l to i::i'iii(l flu- unfiiiislici! side of i)l;nik, rcl'ci- Id + O +, — O — , + O — or — O + section of tal)le, as may he necessary accordin^j; to tlie |)r<"s(rii)fion. Truce down column, "Distance Power," then across table to column of "('vMNnKK Powek" desired. The bold face figure in the intersecting^ sjiace will indicate inner curve of tlic lilaiik ami tiic less prominent figure the ciu've of distance ])ortion of toric tool re(|uirc(l. A copy of this tal)le, printed on cardboard for shop use, will l)c mailed fi-ee on request. CYLINDER POWER + SPHERO; -.12 -.25 -.37 -.50 -.62 -.75 -1.00 -1.25 -1.50 -1.75 -2.00 -2.25 -2.50 -2.75 -3.00 + .12 6t?2 z 5 87 6 12 z 5 75 6 12 z 5'S7 6 25 z 5 62 6 12 z 5 75 6 25 z 5 50 z 5 37 6 12 6.12 6^1^ 8 25 + .25 6^^^ A 6 <» 6 25 z 5 62 0625 z 5 50 6 25 6lf, z 500 6 25 D 6 75 O 8 25 o 650 8 8 25 G 6 25 8 25 D «00 8 25 o550 8 25 5 25 S 25 + .37 6?;i? /• 6 12 6 37 z 6 00 6 37 z 5 S7 6 37 z 5 75 6 37 z 5 87 6 50 z 5 62 6 37 z 5 75' 650 z 5 37 6 37 z 5 50 650 + .50 \6V^ /• 6 25 6 50 z 6 12 O 6 50 z 6 00 6 50 z 5 25 O 650 z 5 00 O 6.50 a fi 75 O 8 50 e 650 8 50 6 25 Q 6 00 8 50 8 50 a 5 75 8 50 5 SO 8 50 + .62 j 6 6 62 /• 6.37 6 62 z 6 25 6 62 z 6 12 6 62 z 6 00 6 62 z 5 87 6 62 z 5 62 6 62 + .75 \6ill z 6 00 6 75 z 6.37 6.75 z 6 62 7.00 z 6 25 6 75 z 6 12 6 75 z 6 00 6 75 z 5 75 6 75 z 5 50 6 75 z 5 25 6 75 z 5 00 6 75 6 75 8 75 z 5 00 700 6 SO 1 625 8 75 1 8 75 6 00 5 75 8 75 8 75 + 1.00 1 /■ 6 75 7.00 z 6 50 ' z 6 37 7 00 7 00 z 6 25 700 z 6 00 7 00 z 5 75 7 00 z 5 50 7 00 z 5 25 O 700 6 75/ 9 00 jj 6.W 9 00 6 25 9 00 C 6 00 8 9 00 + 1.25 i /■ 7 00 7 25 z 6 75 7 25 z 7.00 750 6^21 z 6 50 7 25 z 6 25 O 7 25 z 6 00 725 z 5 75 7 25 z 5 50 ! 25 z 5 25 725 z 5 00 7 25 z 5 25 750 z 5 SO O7 75 z 5 75 8 00 z 6 00 825 z 25 850 6 7,1 9 25 z 5 00 O75O C 6 SO O9 25 6 75' 9 50 8 9 25 + 1.50 + 1.75 A ' 25 7 50 z 6 75 ■ 7 50 z 6 50 '0 7 50 z 6 25 750 z 600 750 z 5 75 O 7 50 z 5 50 7 50 8 9 SO z 7 50 7 75 z 7 25 7.75 z 7 00 7 75 z 6 75 7 75 z 650 7 75 z 6 25 7 75 z 6 00 7 75 z 5 75 O775 z 5 25 7 75 z 5 00 7 75 a 6 75 8 9 75 + 2.00 j z 7 75 O8 00 z 7 50 8 OO z 7 25 800 z 7 00 8^00 .z 6 75 8 00 z 6 50 O 8 00 z 6 25 Osoo z 6 00 800 z 5 50 Osoo z 5 25 8 00 z 5 00 Osoo + 2.25 z 8 00 8.25 z 7 75 ©8 25 z 7 50 8 25 z 7 25 8 25 z 7 00 825 z 6 75 825 z 6 50 8 25 z 6 75 8 50 z 6 25 8 25 z 6 50 8 50 z 5 75 8 25 0825 8 25 + 2.50 J 6.25 4 6.50 z 800 8.50 z 7 75 850 z 8 do 8 75 z 7 50 8 50 z 7 25 O850 z 7 00 8 50 z 6 00 8 50 850 850 + 2.75 A 6 5" 4 6 75 ^625 4 6 75 z 7 75 8 75 z 7 50 8 75 z 7 25 8 75 z 7 00 8 75 z 6 75 8 75 z 6 50 8 75 z 6 75 9 00 z 6 25 8 75 z 6 50 9 00 8 75 8 75 + 3.00 4 7 00 4 6 50 4 700 A 625 4 7 00 z 8 00 9 00 z 7 75 9 00 z 7 50 9 00 z 7 25 9 00 z 7 00 9 00 9 00 1 9 00 + 3.25 A "» 4 7.25 A 8 " 4 7 25 4 7.50 A S™ 4 7 25 ^625 4725 4 750 A 6 " 4 7 75 z 8 00 9 25 z 7 75 0925 z 7 .50 9 25 z 7 25 1 z 7 00 9 25 ! 9 25 9 25 9 25 1 9 25 + 3.50 ^ 7 25 4 7.50 A 6 '5 4 750 \. 7 00" 4 7 75 V.'U z 8 00 9 50 z 7 75 9 50 Og.'iO O950 O950 9 50 1 9 SO + 3.75 A '50 4 7 75 A ' 25 4 7 75 4??^ 4 6 25 4 7 75 z 8 00 O975 z 7 75 9.75 z 7 50 9 75 z "7 75 OlO 00 O975 9 75 lb 9 it 1 z 7 00 1 OlO 00 +4.00 j A 7 " 4800 J 7 50 4g00 a7 25 4 800 4 7.00 4 8 00 4U A 650 4800 ^ 6 25 4800 OlO 00 OlO 00 OlO 00 + CYLINDER POWER - .12 - .25 .37 - .50 - .62 .75 -1.00 -1.25 1.50 -1.75 -2.00 -2.25 -2.50 •+.25 1 +.37 -2.75 8; 3.00 8i -3.25 -3.50 j;.75 4.00 9ii 6 5 8/ 62 5 6 5 76 6 12 z S 62 O 6 00 6t\ Q 5 25 V 5J7_ Q5 00 V 5 12 9 5 50 5 75 Q 525 V 5 50 Q500 V 5 25 6 5 25 5_62 6 5 00 5 37 8 6 75 7 12 6 5 62 6J2 z 5 50' 6 5 75 6J7 z 5 62' 0625 .75 + 1.00 z 5 '87' O 6 87 A 5 I O 5 : e 525 85 75 8 500 5 50^ Q5 75 V 6 25 9 5 50 6 00 l_7 37_| I 650 1 IJ_12j . 6 25 6 5 00 5 75 8 5 50 6 25^ 6 00 8 5 00 5 75 O 5 75 V 6 SO 9 '5 50 6 2 5 Q 5 25 " 6 00 V 5 75 A 5 25 6 25 6 5 00 600 + 1.25 +1.50 +1.75 +2.00 +2.25 65 , 7( 6 5 : 7 : 6 s 23 6 75 6 5 00 6.50 6 5.; 7! 7 75_ ' 6 25 • 7 SO 8 6 00 o 6 I 7 SO 87; QS25 _V 6 25 9 5 00 G 00 8 5 00 6 25_ 9TjS 9}3 95™ 9?i Q 5 25 V 6 75 9 5 6b 6 50 8 5 00 6 75 q5 75 V 7 S O qS50 V 7 25 Q52S V 7 00 qSOO " 6 75 6 5 75 7 75 6 6 : 7: A 5 ( 6 7( 8 6 25 8.2 5 8 6 00 8 O 5 75 8? 5 50 9^ 65 25 7^50 6 5 00 725; 8' 6 75 9 00 8J 8! ft 5 "5 O 8 00 8 5 50 + 2.50 +2.75 +3.00 6 5 75 850 8 5 ; 7 ; 95 7a 800 Q5 50 V 7 75 9 5 25 I Q 5 25 7 25 V 7 50 95' 00 o 5 00 7 00 I V 7 25 6 5 25 7_75^ 6.5 00 7 50 O 6 75 8 00 8 . 50 O 5 75' O 8 25 8 5 50 _ J 00 8 5' 25 7 75 8 5'6o 7^50 Q 5 50 7 8 00 9 5 00 1 7 50 1 6 5 25 8 00 6 5 00 7 75 o 6 25 O 9^00 8 6 00' 8 8 .50 'O 5 -50 A 5 26 O 8 25 A S'OO S 00 O 8 75 8 5 50 S 50 9j^ 9i^ 9?; 127 B A U S C H L O AI B OPTICAL COMPANY ULTEX ONEPIECE BIFOCAL DIRECTIONS ONEPiECE Bifocal Lenses being made of one ])iece of glass, strain due to unov(Mi expansion is eliminated and the possibility of breakage in grinding is reduced to a minimum. With strong addition, these lenses can be ground extremely thin and entirely free from color, or chromatic aberration. Our blanks are regularly made in the following sizes: B 47 mm round, with reading portion 19 mm round. E 49 X '38 mm, with reading portion 30 x about 15 mm. E Large 55 x 47 mm, with reading portion 30 x about 33 mm. They are made in the deep curvcfl form only and finished on the concave side. Cylinders must be ground in convex toric. If cylinder is concave, transpose to convex. When ordering blanks it is necessary to prefix the number of the blank by the designation "B," "E," or "E Large" to indicate size desired. 128 B A U S C H & L O M H /C$i!S^ <^ V T I C A h C O M I' A X Y To select blank lUHMJed, refer lo cliarl. trace down the coluinn, "Spliero Distance Power," to the line indicating the distance j)ower called for; then across the chart to the re(]nired readini;- addition; the figure in the intersecling space will show the nnniher of hlank to he used. TooJ.s- — Onepiece Bifocal Lenses will focus accurately when surface grovnid on convex side with tools of B. &: T^. index, which inusi Ix' ke])t true to curve. Laying Out — Place on Protractor and dot around dividing line with red or while marking ink. Locate and dot the desired optical center of the distance portion. Inset as re(]uired by rotating the reading portion, using the o})tical center of the distance portion as a center of rotation. Rotate to the right or left as inset is required, five degrees for each millimeter of inset. If cylinder is to be added, dot the axis. An allowance of L5 mm above the dividing line is recommended for center of distance portion, all of our blanks being cut to this allowance. Protractors for laying out, surfacing and edging blanks furnished on request. Marking — Locate and mark measuring points equidistant from center, as indicated on protractor. When marked, chipping before surfacing is unneces- sary. If prisms are required, lay outline for direction of prisms and measure thickness on this line. Blocking — Use B. & L. iron bodies, 47 mm diameter, and B. & L. pitch. Pitch should be of uniform thickness, not less than 3 mm between lens and body. Heat slowly and evenly to avoid over-heating. Roughing — Rough the blank to the required thickness with B. & L. roughing emery, allowing i).'i millimeter for smoothing, and measure thickness at markings frecjuently to avoid grinding prismatically. If opposite points measure alike, optical center will be in correct position. Do not measure on the reading portion, as lens is thicker at this part. It is necessary to use B. & L. smoothing emery for second grinding l)efore using the finishing emery. B. & L. extra fine finishing emery is for high finish only and is not intended to remove stock. roIi.sliing—Vse B. & L. best quality thin polishing felt and B. & L. wet ground polishing compound (Rouge). 129 n A IT s c n & L o M n /^&\ optical company EYEGLASS FRAMES, MAGNIFIERS AND READERS THE niaiuifacture of Eyeglass Frames of I)lack and shell-colored zylonite dates back to the very early days of our business. Coupled with the interyening years of experience and the fact that this material lends itself so admirably to optical requirements, our product has been accepted in both American and European markets as the quality standard. Magnifiers ^vere among our earliest products. They are the result of many years of deyeloj^ment and are suitable for a great yariety of purposes. They are yery generally used in school ^york by natiu'alists, inspectors of cloth and other articles, seedsmen, fruit growers, nurserymen, detectiyes, and in many other yocations. Rubber Magnifiers are made in oyal and bellows shape, with one, two and three lenses, allowing a considerable range of magnifications. The best quality of yulcanized rubber is used in the mounting, giving durability com- bined with light weight and neat appearance. The Nickeled Magnifiers differ from the preceding chiefly in mounting. They are attractiyely nickeled and furnished only in the bellows sha{)e. The rim is drawn securely about the lens l)y a ball joint, which serves also as a means of opening the magnifier. The Doublet Magnifiers also have nickel metal mounting. They consist of two separated plano-conyex lenses and are ground and polished to give satisfactory results for medium power magnifications. Lenses of this type are fretjuently oftVred under the name of Coddington Magnifiers, but they are not of that construction. Coddington Magnifiers give a good definition and a wide field. They are composed of a cylinder of glass with a deep grooye cut in at an ecpuil distance from the ends to serve as a diaphragm. The ends of this cylinder are ground spherically and polished to form the lens surfaces. Triple Aplanats are composed of two meniscus lenses of flint glass, sepa- rated by a double conyex lens of crown glass. The field of these magnifiers is large and has a perfect correction for chromatic aberration as well as for flatness, astigmatism and distortion. Their working distance is little short of a simple lens of the same ecpiiyalent focal length. Hastings Aplanatic Triplet Magnifiers are made after fornuike by Prof. Hastings, of the SheflSeld School, Yale Uniyersity. They are among the most perfect magnifiers produced, with a high correction always api)reciated by scientists. The angle of yiew embraced is \er\ large and the working distance almost equal to that of a single lens of the same focus. 130 OPTICAL (" O M 1' A X Y Watchmakers' Glasses arc used in Ihc Iradcs and arc also |)()|)ulai- with botany and zoology slndcnls. \Vliil<> all arc easily lu-ld in llic orhil of Ihc eve, leaving die hands freefone style (No. 114 L. P.) is made wilh a delaciiahle sprino- to pass around the head and hold the glass in |)()sition for more extended observations. Another (No. 144 A) is fitted wilh Iwo lenses, one of which is removable, giving two different foci and magnifications. All styles have vulcanized rubber mountings, with black or ivory finish. Engravers' Glasses are designed particularly for engravers, carvers and die cutters. Their large clear field, however, renders them valuable for large dissections in biological work, for retouching and for use as condensers. All styles are furnishetl in vulcanite mountings. Bank Note Detectors are specially designed for government and bank officials for the examination of currency, signatures, etc., but they can be used to good advantage wherever a perfectly corrected magnifier is required. The lenses are achromatic, give a large clear field and high magnifications. Too much emphasis can scarcely be laid upon the (juality of our Reading Glasses. They are unsurpassed, Ave believe, in optical properties, design and workmanship. The lenses are accurately ground of clear white optical glass and highly polished. While giving comparatively low magnifications, they cover a wide field. We offer three styles of rims and handles: Nickeled rim and ferrule Avith ebonized wood handle, nickeled rim with ivory-finished ferrule and handle and ivory-finished throughout. The rims are of sufficient width to protect the lens surfaces. We apply a special ])rocess for attaching the ferrules to the handles, which renders it impossible for them to work loose. The handles are securely screwed to the rims, being thus easily removable though strongly attached. Semi- Achromatic Reading Glasses are offered for those desiring readers of a l)etter correction than is afforded by a single lens. They are made of two plano-convex lenses, corrected to eliminate chromatic and spherical aberration to a certain extent. Thev are furnished with nickel rim and ebonized handle. Our Reducing Glasses consist of double concave lenses of the same quality as our readers and are made in nickel rim with ebonized handles. They are used by artists and engravers to reduce drawings, photographs, etc. A general demand has ai-isen for a convenient stand to hold reading glasses of different diameters. Our Reading Glass Holder has been designed for this purpose and is most effective in disj)laying our line. It will hold six readers, from ^ to 6 inches in diameter, and for a display article is most attractive. We have constructed two forms of Magnifier Holders. While they are designed especially for use in dissections, they are equally valuable wherever it is desirable to use a magnifier, with the hands free. (See page 146.) 131 EYEGLASS FRAMES B A U .S C II L O M B OPTICAL C O M I' A X ^ EYEGLASS FRAMES THESE Eyeglas.s Franuvs arc made in black and shell colored Zylonite of an extra fine fini.sh wilh ad ju.stahle cork j^uards. They are recom- mended where the elimination of glarini-- reflection effect.s of the edges is desired. They are supplied in 1, and 00 eye sizes. Black Frames are regularly supplied with blue springs, and shell colored frames with bronze springs. Style No. 1'2 12 O 12 X 12 XO 12 Z 12 ZO 12 XZ 12 XZO Frames Black Zylonite, with handle, adjustable cork guard Black Zylonite, with handle, adjustable cork offset guard Black Zylonite, no handle, ailjvi.stable cork guard Black Zylonite, no handle, adjustable cork offset guaril Shell Zylonite, witli handle, adjustable cork guard Shell Zylonite, with handle, adju.stable cork offset guard Shell Zylonite, no handle, adju.stable cork guard Shell Zylonite, no handle, adjustable cork offset guard Per Dozen 1 Eye Eye 00 Eye $3.00 $3.25 $3.50 3.00 3.25 3.50 3 . 00 3.25 3.50 3.00 3.25 3.50 3 . 00 3.25 3.50 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.00 3.25 3.50 EYEGLASS MATERIAL Style Material Per Dozen ! Style No. No. lEye OEye 00 Eye 12 Handles $1.50 $1 . GO $1.75 12 12 X Handles 1..50 1.60 1.75 12 12 Z Handles 1.50 1.60 1.75 il2 O 12 XZ Handles 1.50 1.60 1.75 12 12 Left 1.25 1.35 1.50 12 O 12 X Left 1.25 1.35 1 . 50 12 12 Z Left 1.25 1.35 1.50 jl2 12 XZ Left 1.25 1.35 1.50 i 1 Material Springs, blue or bronze . . . Guards, cork Guards, offset Hangers, blue or bronze . . . Hangers, blue or bronze offset Screws, blue, long Screws, blue, short Catch Pins Per Dozen 1.15 .40 .40 .10 .10 .10 .10 .15 133 EYEGLASS FRAMES AND MONOCLES NO. 40-40 Z 134 T5 A U S C II L O M B <) I' 'I' I (' .\ L (• O M I' .\ .N Y EYEGLASS FRAMES AND MATERIAL TiiKSK Frames aiv made to mvv[ the (UMiiand for a simplified form of eyeji;lass. "^riic frames are of ^ood finish, and the eomjjlctc eyc^las.se.s are mounted with double convex lenses. No. 21 has rij^id li. 'I," added to the catalog numbers below, indicativs tlie ivory finish. 'I'hr Icll. Catalog No. Code Diameter in mm Magnification >: Price Per Dozen 144-2 Lapis 25 7 to 10 $4 . 50 144-2 LapHng 25 3 to 5 3.00 144-^2 Lapp ; 25 2 to 3 2 . 75 144-3 Larch 30 3 to 5 3.50 144-3 Lard 30 2 to 3 3.00 144-2 I Larderer 25 7 to 10 5.25 144-2 I Lardery 25 3 to 5 3.75 144-2 I Lardoon 25 2 to 3 3.50 144-3 I Larch-y 30 3 to 5 4.25 144-3 I Lare 30 2 to 3 3.75 144^ Layiat 12 10 3.50 144i I Laying 12 10 4.25 144 a Larget 12 and 25 4 and 7 5 . 25 144a I Largish 12 and 25 4 and 7 0.00 144-2 LP Lippet 25 3 to 5 4.50 144-2 LP Lappic 25 2 to 3 4 25 144-3 LP Larder 30 3 to 5 5.00 144-3 LP Lardon 30 2 to 3 4.50 144-2 LPI Largo 25 3 to 5 5.25 144-2 LPI Lariat 25 2 to 3 5.00 144-3 LPI Larine 30 3 to 5 5.75 144-3 LPI I^ark 30 2 to 3 5.25 ENGRAVERS' GLASSES 146 Larva 40 3.5 13.50 148 Lascious 50 2.5 18.00 146a Lasket 40 3.5 0.75 148a Latchet 50 2.5 9.00 141 15 A U sen & L O M B /i^^ OPTICAL COMPANY READING GLASSES 142 B A V S C II h O M I! OPTIC A 1, <• O M 1' A X Y READING GLASSES Our readers are of the best quality of material mid workiiiaiisliip. 'I'hc lenses are double convex, accurately ground from clear white glass and highly polished. 'Hieir ningiiificatioiis are calculated to give the clearest possible field for their resjiective diameters. We make three styles as follows: Nickel rim and ferrule with black handle, nickel rim with ivory finish ferrule and handle (I. II.), and of ivory finish throughout — rim, ferrule and handle (I). Catalog No. Code Lens Diameter Focus 5 inclies Price Per Dozen 200 Legume 2 inches U.')() 202 Leipoa 2^ inclies 6 inches 5.75 204 Leister 3 inches 7 inches 6.75 206 Leman 3^ inches 8 inches 9.00 208 Lennna 4 inches 10 inches 12.00 209 Lemiu' 4^ inches 12 inches 15.00 210 Lena .'} inches 13 inches 18,00 211 Lenitive .5 J inches 14 inches 22.50 212 Lentical inches 15 inches 27.00 200 IH Lere 2 inches 5 inches 5.00 202 IH Lered 2J inches 6 inches 6.25 204 IH Lerot 3 inches 7 inches 7.50 206 IH Les 3J inches 8 inches 10.50 208 IH Lesion 4 inches 10 inches 13.50 209 IH Lest 4^ inches 12 inches 17.00 210 IH Let 5 inches 13 inches 20.25 211 IH Letch .5^ inches 14 inches 25.25 212 IH Lethe 6 inches 15 inches 30.00 200 I Lethy 2 inches 5 inches 5.75 202 I Letofl" 2^ inches G inches 7.50 204 I Letter 3 inches 7 inches 9.00 206 I Levite 3J inches 8 inches 12.50 208 I Lettish 4 inches 10 inches 10.50 209 I Letts 4j inches 12 inches 20.75 210 I Lettuce 5 inches 13 inches 24.75 211 I Letup .51 inches 14 inches 30.50 212 I Level inches 15 inches 36.00 143 HAT' s r H /c L O M B /^i^ OPTICAL COMPANY READING AND REDUCING GLASSES Semi-Achromatic readers have two plano-convex lenses, instead of the single double convex lens. This affords better correction and eliminates chromatic and spherical al)erration to a certain extent. Our Reducing Glasses consist of double concave lenses. They are used by artists and engravers to reduce drawings, photographs and other illustra- tions. Semi-Achromatic readers and reducing glasses are made in one style of finish only, nickel rim and ferrule with black handle. Catalog No. Code Description Lens Diameter Focus Price Per Dozen Reading Glasses, Semi- Achromatic 200 A Lentigo 2 Plano-Cx. Lenses 2 inches 5 inches $ 9.00 202 A Lentoiil 2 Plano-Cx. Lenses 2i inches 6 inches 11.25 204 A Lcpal 2 Plano-Cx. Lenses 3 inches 7 inches 13.50 206 A Lepid 2 Plano-Cx. Lenses 3J inches 8 inches 18.00 208 A Lepra 2 Plano-Cx. Lenses Reducing Glasses 4 inches 10 inches 22.50 200 cc Leful Double Cc. Lenses 2 inches 5 inches 6.00 202 cc Legate Double Cc. Lenses 2^ inches 6 inches 7.50 204 cc Leger Double Cc. Lenses 3 inches 7 inches 9.00 206 cc Legion Double Cc. Lenses 3^ inches 8 inches 12.00 208 cc Legist Double Cc. Lenses 4 inches 10 inches 15.00 144 Reading Glass Holder, No. "IW Reading Glass Holder, No. 240-1 Magnieier Holder, TU Magnifier Holder, TUS 145 B A IT S C II L O M B /C5!£«°?\ O P T I r ,\ L (" O M P A N Y READING GLASS HOLDER (For illustrations see pagre 145) Catalog: No. Code Description Price Per Dozen 240 240 I Leptus Latcliing Black P2bonized Wooden Base with holes for Six Readers Ivory Finish Base with holes for Six Readers .... $9.00 9.00 MAGNIFIER HOLDERS (For illustrations see page 145) WE offer two stands differing in their scope and adjustment. The TU has a metal base, 98 mm in diameter, and height of ITS mm. The lens arm is of one piece with spring clamp at end, which will hold any lens not more than 38 mm in diameter, with vertical and lateral adjust- ments. The TUS has a base of heavy metal, I'i'i mm diameter, with a round metal pillar measuring 95 mm from top to base. The lens arm is in three parts, with three joints, attached to a triangular post by a strong joint with broad bearing surface. The spring clamp will hold lenses not exceeding 38 mm in diameter. Adjustment is by rack and pinion. Catalog No. TU TUS Code Avel Avena Description Adjustable Stand Adjustable Stand Price Each $3.00 9.00 TRADE MARK FINDER (For illustration see page 145) THIS magnifier was especially designed, as its name implies, to facilitate the finding of our trade mark, which is engraved on several of our high- grade len.ses and of which mention is made in the preceding pages. All optometrists and opticians, who use our Ultex Onepiece Bifocal and Punktal lenses, should have one, as it enables them to verify our })roduct. One end of the finder is arranged to hold the lens securely in place while under observation. Catalog No. Code Description Price Each 245 Latchkey Ivory Finish Mounting $2.50 146 B A U S C II & L O M « /MS&\ O I' T I C A L <' O M I' A X Y CO-OPERATIVE SERVICE OUR Scientific Bureau and Advertisini;- Dej)arlinenl are al tiie constant service of our patrons for educational and publicity purposes. Various })ieces of literature, of a technical or advertising value, are frequently published for the benefit of those oculists, optometrists and opticians who request them. To render the truest service and sell the highest grade goods it is necessary to educate the public to the real advantages of such goods. That is the aim of our co-operative advertising service. Our different folders and signs are scientifically correct in copy and illustration, yet simple and interesting enough to convince the average layman. They are furnished in reasonable quantities free of charge — the folders and booklets imprinted with the business card of the individual optometrist or optician re({uesting them, and of a convenient size for enclosing in the ordinary letter envelope. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS Pamplilet No. 1. "The Eye aiul the Jjens." Pamplilet No. i. "The Substitution of Meniscus for Flat Ophthahnic Lenses and a New System of Designating tlieir Powers." Pamphlet No. 3. "Location of the Oplithahiiic Lens before the Eye and Its Correcting Power." I^amphlet No. 4. "Large Gullstrand Ophthalmoscope with Electric Illumination for the Exami- nation of the Fundus Oculi witli Stereoscojjic Effect." Pamphlet No. 5. "Punktal Lenses, Their Advantages and Apjjlication to Present Day Methods." Pamphlet No. 6. "The Significance of Punktal Lens Principles in Application to the Eye." Pamphlet No. 7. "Tlie Vertex Dioptrometer — Its Principles and Usage." Pamphlet No. 8. "The Keratometer, Interpupillary Distance Gauge and Exophthalmometer." Pamphlet No. 9. "Spectrum Projection and Its Application to Ophthalmic Practice." (Others to follow.) ADVERTISING AIDS FOLDERS CHARTS "Punktal Lenses." "Ophthalmic Lens Chart — Showing Com- "Toric and Meniscus Lenses." parativc Fields of Deep Curved and Flat "Ultex Onepiece Bifocals." Lenses. (See page iU.) (Wall and Desk "Kryptok Bifocals." Sizes.)" "Stereo Prism Binoculars." DISPLAY SIGNS "Reading Glasses." "Punktal Lenses." "Magnifiers and Readers." "Toric and Meniscus Lenses (^Yindow and " Watclimakers' Glasses." Counter Sizes.)" „ ,„„„„ "Stereo Prism Binoculars." NEWSPAPER ELECTROS "Kryptok Bifocals." BOOKLETS "Stereo Prism Binoculars." "Stereo Prism Binoculars." (Others to Follow.) "Magnifiers and Readers." 147 BATTSCII & LOME /@!!£«5\ OPTICAL COMPANY I OTHER PUBLICATIONS N addition to our co-operative service already outlined we issue catalogs, booklets and circulars on the following products of our manufacture: Microscopes and Accessories Range Finders and Gun Sights for Microtomes Army and Navy Ophthalmic Apparatus Equatorial Telescopes Photographic Lenses and Shutters Field and Opera Glasses (Stereo Prism Projection Apparatus. (Balopticons Binoculars) and Accessories) Magnifiers and Readers Photomicrographic Apparatus Centrifuges Engineering Instruments. (Transits, Laboratory Glassw^are Levels, etc.) Bacteriological Apparatus Zeiss Scientific Instruments We shall be glad to mail any of this literature vipon request. To dealers interested in promoting the sale of any of these lines we are also prepared to furnish a co-operative service in the form of imprinted circular matter for distribution, advertising electros, display signs, etc. The following instructive publications will be found of particular value to users of the different instruments indicated by the titles: Booklet — "Use and Care of the IVlicroscope." Booklet — "Use and Care of the Microtome." Booklet — "Useful Tables for the Photoi,frai>her." Booklet — "The Microscoj)ical Determination of the Properties of Minerals." Manual — "Metro Manual." (For lingineers.) Chart — Illustrating Parts of Comjjound Microscope Diagramaticaily." (Wall Size.) Book — "Manipulation of the Microscope," by luhvard Bausch. Cloth bound; price, .$1.00. All of these publications, except the last named, are sent free upon re(juest. PRESCRIPTION BLANK Our prescription blank, described on page iO, can be supplied, if desired, with the protractor scale graduated to the American Standard, as well as the International Standard illustrated on page 48. 148