^ K \\\E UNIVERS 1 /^ >^LO$ANCELj> 
 
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 &> CAHFO^, 
 
 va
 
 
 J OR TIN's TRACTS. 
 
 VOL. I.
 
 JOANNES 
 MO 1R TAIL IS
 
 TRACTS, 
 
 PHILOLOGICAL, CRITICAL, 
 
 A >' : 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 ter. J O H N J O R r I -V, ZX D. 
 
 AT. : :-: r i.-. ; : :: Oi i :?:::- 
 
 3U3CSTAS IX THE CAST, 
 ASD TICAE. OF KESSIKGTOX. 
 
 PIECES, 
 
 ; BEFORE PUBLISHED SEFAEATELT, 
 EJLAI. - TOTHHTORtS OF LEAUED 
 
 THE AD-THOR'S MAKCSCRIPTS. 
 
 IN 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 LO x D c 
 r r. 
 
 Z I XJ AMIY WHITE AX SOX, f I T - i T 1 . 
 M.DCCJtC.
 
 PR - 
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 I. Lusus POETICI 3 
 
 II. REMARKS ON SPENSER. - -* 54 
 in. ADDITIONAL NOTES, ANONYMOUS - 286 
 
 IV. REMARKS ON MILTON - - 307 
 
 V. SERMON, AT THE CONSECRATION OF BISHOP 
 
 PEA*CE - 347 
 
 VI. REMARKS ON ARCHBISHOP TILLOTSOH'S 
 
 SERMONS - - 366 
 
 VH. SCRIPUTRAL ILLUSTRATIONS - 376 
 
 VIII. STRICTURES ON THE ARTICLES, SUB- 
 
 SCRIPTIONS, TESTS, &c. - 417 
 
 IX. CURSORY OBSERVATIONS - - 428 
 
 X. ANECDOTES - 445 
 
 XI. TRANSLATIONS FROM THE Lusus POETICI 460 
 
 t^_ .
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 1 O offer an apology for republifhing feveral 
 of the Pieces contained in thefe Volumes is 
 deemed unnecefiary, as they. have long fince 
 become equally fcarce and defirable. The Editor's 
 motives are not lucrative : his principal view being 
 to fulfil the expectation of fome valued friends, 
 who are partial to the memory of his deceafed 
 father ; and alfo of other learned and refpedable 
 men, by whom he has been induced to think they 
 may afford a pleafing gratification. Some few ad- 
 ditions will be found, both in the Remarks upon 
 Spenjar and Milton ; and at the clofe of the L*fus 
 Poftici. The fecond Volume coniifts partly of Ex- 
 tracts from Dr. JOR TIN'S Manufcripts ; partly of 
 a - ether
 
 vi ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 other Extracts from his Mifcellaneous Obfervatlons 
 ttpon Authors : and by fuch of the Literati as have 
 read thofe Obfervations, the new matter now intro- 
 duced xvill perhaps be confidered as a valuable 
 fupplement. His Remarks on Seneca have already 
 been given in periodical publications, which are 
 now rarely to be met with ; and, together with thofe 
 on Hejlody Homer, Virgil^ Horace, Ovid, and Jofephvs, 
 may furniih no mean affiftance to any future Editor 
 of their refpeclive works. 
 
 The account of our Author's life, as drawn up 
 by his friend Dr. Heathcote, and prefixed to the 
 late edition of Dr. JORTIN'S Sermons, might 
 well indeed have precluded any other ; and yet, 
 in a publication of this mifcellaneous nature, 
 it is prefumed, that the following particulars may 
 not be found unacceptable, as flanding in connec^ 
 tion with the plan of his ingenious Biographer. 
 
 '* My father, Rcnatus, fays Dr. Jortin, was 
 born in Brctagne in France, and ftudied at Saumur. 
 
 I have
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. Vil 
 
 I have his Teiliinonial from that Academy, dated 
 A. 1682. He came over, a young man, to Eng- 
 land, with his father, mother, uncle, two aunts 
 and two afters, at the time when the Proteltants 
 fied from France about A. 1687. He was made 
 one of the gentlemen of the Privy Chamber, ia 
 the third year of King William, A. 1691, by the 
 name of Renatus Jortin. I have his Patent, After 
 this, and before I was born, he took a fancy to 
 change his name into JORDAIN, and to give it an 
 Englilh appearance ; being fond I fuppofe of 
 paffing for an Englifhman, as he fpoke Englifh 
 perfectly, and without any foreign accent. This 
 gave me fome trouble afterwards, when I went 
 into Deacon's orders under Bilhop Kennet, for the 
 regifter of St. Giles in the Fields wrote my name, 
 as it ftood there, Jordain. I gave the bifhop an 
 account how it came to pafs. After my father's 
 death, my mother thought it proper to afluine the 
 name of Jortin ; and me and I always wrote 
 it fo. My father was fecretary to Lord Orford, to 
 Sir George Rook, and to Sir Cloudefly Shovel ; 
 and was call a;vay with the hitsr, October 22, 
 1707, 
 
 i aid
 
 Viii ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 " I did not think there was any perfon left of our 
 name, till lately* I found in a news-paper, that a 
 Merchantman came to one of our Ports, com- 
 manded by a Captain Jortin, from the Weft Indies.'* 
 
 " I have twice perufed Bacon's ingenious 
 Hiftory of Life and Death. It recommends abund- 
 ance of things to be taken, and a variety of 
 rules to be obferved, with a view to make life 
 healthy and long. But of thefe prefcriptions many 
 are too dear, and almoft all too troublelbme ; and 
 a long life is not tanti* Few perfons could procure 
 all thefe Subjldia ', A Lord Chancellor, or a Lord 
 Bifhop, might ; a poor parfon could not afford a 
 hundredth part of the expenfe. But, for their 
 comfort, I will be bold to tell them, that they 
 may fare as well without his regimea. As to my- 
 felf, I never obferved any of his rules, or any rules 
 
 * Moft probably in the year 1-70, as the above is the lafl entry 
 found in the Author's Adwfarui, 
 
 at
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. tt : 
 
 at all, except the general ones of Regularity and 
 Temperance. I never had a ftrong conftkotion ; 
 and ret, thank GOD, 1 hare had no bad ffate of 
 health, and few acute disorders." * 
 
 " Archbi&op Herring and I xrere of Jefus 
 College in Cambridge: but he left it about the 
 time when I was admitted, and went to another. 
 Afterwards, when he was preacher at Lincoln's 
 Jnn 7 I knew him better, and vificed him. He was 
 at that rime, and long before, very intimate with 
 Mr. Say, his friend and mine, who lived in Ely 
 Houfe ; and Mr. Say, to my knowledge, omitted 
 no opportunity to recommend me to him. When 
 fee was Archbifljop of York, he ezpc&ed that a 
 good living would lapfc into his hands ; and he 
 told Mr. Say that he defigped k for me. He was 
 diiappointed in his expectation : fo was not I; for 
 
 Dr. TortJaBtrftohas fcrenty-iecaod year ; lad <fed 
 KcofiogtOB, A. 1770. 
 
 A I !:
 
 X ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 I had no inclination to go and dwell in the North 
 of England. When Mr. Say died, he afked me 
 of his own accord, whether I fhould like to fuccee4 
 him in the Queen's Library : I told him that no- 
 thing could be more acceptable to me ; and he im- 
 mediately ufed all his intereft to procure it for 
 me ; but he could not obtain it. A perfon, who 
 is not worth the naming, was preferred to me, by 
 the felicitation of it matters not who, 
 
 " The Archbimop afterwards affured me of his 
 affiftance towards procuring cither the preacher- 
 ihip, or the maftermip of the Charterhoufe, where 
 I had gone to fchool. This project alfo failed ; 
 not by his fault, but by the oppofition of it 
 matters not who, 
 
 " In conjunction with Biihop Sherlock, he like- 
 wife procured for me the preaching of Boyle's 
 Lectures. He alfo offered me a living in the 
 country, and (which I efteemed a fmgular favoui) 
 he gave me leave to decline it, without taking it 
 amifs in the leaftj and faid, that he would en- 
 deavour
 
 AD VE RT I 5 E M E XT. Xl 
 
 ieavour to fcrve me in a way thtt fhould be more 
 acceptable. He did fo, sod gave me a living in 
 the city. * Afterwards be gaye me a Doctor's 
 Degree. I thought it too late in life, as I told 
 him, to go and take it at Cambridge, under a 
 Profcflbr, who, in point of academical (boding, 
 Blight have taken his firft degree under me, when 
 I was Moderator. .1 was willing to owe this favour 
 to jm, which I would not have a&cd or accepted 
 ' - 
 
 " That fane perfoas, befides Mr. Say, duff re- 
 commend me to him, I know, and was obliged to 
 them for it. But I muft add, that on this occafion, 
 they did only rraJnk $**, fair the free amrjcr-, 
 and that he would have done what ^he 
 
 Thus far from the Author's private papers. Ta 
 e jfftrmal Brilmftf, puhliihed at the Hagur,
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 amongft many other notices taken of Dr. Jortin's 
 different writings as they occurred in publication, 
 the following is placed at the head pf his Six Z>^r- 
 taiions upon different Subjcfts ; -r * a work, of whofc 
 merit the learped need no information. 
 
 Ces Differtatipns ont pour auteur un homme, 
 qui fe diftingue egalement par fes connoiflances, 
 t par fes vertus. Litterateur du premier ordre, 
 il n' eftime 1- etude des Mots que ce que'lle vaut, 
 et qu'autant qu'elle conduit a la fcience des Chpfes. 
 Verfe dans la lecture des anciens Auteurs, et dans 
 les recherches de 1* Antiquite, il nc fe fait point 
 une gloire de decrier fon fiecle, et de donner une 
 injufle preference a ceux qui 1* ont precede. Con- 
 facre par etat a T inftrucYion des hommes, il leur 
 prefente une Religion fimple, et deftinee a les 
 rendre cpntens de la Vie, et prepares a la Mort. 
 Plus jalpux de trouver le Vrai, que d' inventer du 
 Neuf, il ne s* attache a aucun fyfteme $ n' affeclc 
 point la fingularite ; promet rarement des demon^ 
 
 * In gro- printed for \Vhifton and White^ London, 1755. 
 
 ftrations,
 
 ADVERT I SE ME NT. 
 
 fixations, ct manque plus rarement encore a fes 
 promeffes. Modefte enfin, et modern, il n' attache 
 point la gloire deprimer ceux qui courent la 
 mcme carriere, ou qui penfent differerament de lu'u 
 A ces traits, que mon coeur a traces, que la voix 
 pubiique confirme, et qu'un Prelat uaiTeriellement 
 refpede des gens de lettres et des gens de bien 
 a confacres, il eft peu de ledeurs, du moins dans 
 notre We, qui ne reconnoifient Mr. k Dod:eur 
 
 JORTIS."* 
 
 " The Author of theie Differtations is a. maa 
 equally diftinguilhed for Science and Virtue. Oi 
 the highefl dafs in Lkerature, his unftudied regard 
 For words is folely proportioned to their confe- 
 quence, as the} 7 (land in conne&ioa with his fubje<3^ 
 and conduce to the knowledge of things. Perfedlf 
 &miliarized to ancient write: 
 refearches of A raife 
 
 himfelf on the depreffion of tr .1 which he 
 
 lives, by giving an undue preference ::, dwfe 
 
 * See the Jsitrnal Brit. Vol. XVII. Mois de Ko-r *. et dc Dc-. 
 i-;5- Fa S - 
 
 A 3 iiv-
 
 ?dv ADVERTISEMENT,' 
 
 have gone before him. His facred profefliotl 
 naturally difpofed him to confult the inftruftiori 
 of others ; and to effect this, he prefents to them 
 a religion, fimple in its appearance, and calculated 
 to render them happy in exiftence here, and pre- 
 pared for their great change. ' He is more fol- 
 licitous to inveftigate truth than to fabricate 
 novelty ; and, as being unfliacklcd by any fyftem , 
 he aims not at fingularity; feldom leads you to 
 expeft a demonftration ; and when he does, is 
 fure to fulfil his engagements. In difpofition 
 equally modeft and temperate, he does not make 
 it his boaft to depreciate cither thofe who run with 
 him in the fame courfe, or thofe who think dif- 
 ferently from him. From thefe outlines, dictated 
 by my own heart, confirmed by the public voice, 
 and fanctioned by a prelate of univcrfal efteem 
 amongft men of worth and letters, few readers, in 
 Britain at leaft, can fail to anticipate the name cf 
 DOCTOR 
 
 Such
 
 ADV EKTISSMEKT. XT 
 
 Such were the feotiments of a learned foreigner ; 
 isd, to ITK^ iiiat tech are the iei^inienis 01 c_: 
 own countrymen, the following extracts are 
 adduced. 
 
 In the Preface to Dr. Newton's edition of 
 Poems, firft puhlifhed in 1749* we find 
 CxHiDr cx^Twtun ^ i^iw 3.1^1% *Li.ncc "^i-icn 
 
 r "". " * ~ ~~ ~ z."~*z.~-* \ rr. ~ 
 others, in the oourfe of that elaborate work* " I 
 am obliged too to Mr. JOZTIH for fome rrmark^ 
 which he conveyed to me by the hands of Dr, 
 ; [afterwards RUhop ofRochefter.] They 
 ar^ ci^edy upon Milic-'i IziL:2,i:Dr.s D: -jzz A-cisr.:E ; 
 but every thing that proceeds from him is of value, 
 whether in poetry, cruirifm, or divinity; as ap- 
 pears nocn his Lufus Poetici, his Mifcellaneous 
 Obfervations upon Authors, and his . 
 concerning the troth of the Chxi&aa Religion." 
 
 In die third Volume, Pre&ce to 
 Regained, &c. He lays, " The notes, as upon 
 the PARADISE LOST, fo likewise upon the 
 
 A 4
 
 Xvi ADVERTISE ME NT* 
 
 PARADISE REGAINED and other Poems, lire 
 of various Authors, and of various kinds: buz 
 thefe, excepting onty a few, were never printed 
 before, and have therefore novelty to recommend 
 them ; as well as fome names of the firft rank and 
 greateft eminence in the republic of Letters. The 
 truth of my afetion will be fully juftified, by 
 mentioning only the names f Mr. Warburton and 
 Mr. Jortm ; who, while they are employed in 
 writing the moft learned and elaborate defences of? 
 seligiotiy yet find leifure to cultivate the politer 
 arts ; and to promote and improve, both in them- 
 felves and others, a claffical tafte of the fineft 
 authors. And, whatever may be the fuccefsj I 
 can never repent of having engaged in this under- 
 taking, which hath given me To many convincing 
 proofs of their friendmip and kmdnefs ; and at? 
 the fame time hath Happily conjoined, what per- 
 haps might- never elfe have been joined together, 
 wy (Indies, and my name, with theirs" 
 
 The editor apprehends he cannot do a more ac- 
 ceptable fervice to the reader, than by fubjoining. 
 
 Dr,
 
 .ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 Dr. JOR TIN'S character, as it is admirably drawn 
 in 2 late anonymous publication. 
 
 " As to Doctor JOETIW, whether I look back to 
 ids verfe, to his profc, to his critical, or to his the- 
 ological works, there are few authors to whom I 
 am fo much indebted for rational entertainment, 
 r for folid ififtrudion. Learned he was, without 
 pedantry: lie was ingenious, without the affectation 
 of fingulartty : he was a lover of truth, without 
 hovering over the gloomy abyfs of fccpticifin; and 
 a friend to free inqrary, wirfwut roving into the 
 dreary and pathlefe wilds of Latudinarianifno* 
 He had a heart, which never difgraced "the pcvers 
 of his underftanding. With a lively imagination, 
 an elegant tafte,- and a judgment moft mafrnyn^r 
 and moft correct, he united theardefi and amiable 
 negligence of a ichooi-boy. :Wir -without ill- 
 nature, and fenfe without eflbrt, he could at TwS 
 featter upon every fobject; and in every bo: 
 Writer prefcnts us with a near and diftter view of 
 the w/ Mrs.- 
 
 IT/
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS 
 
 ' Ut omnis 
 
 Votivapateat tanquam dcfcripta Tabella, 
 Vita fenis. 
 
 Hor. Sat. I. Lib. iz. v. 32* 
 
 " His Jlyle, though inartificial^ is fometimes ele- 
 vated : though familiar, it is never mean ; and 
 though employed upon various topics of Theology, 
 Ethicks and Criticifm, it is not arrayed in any de- 
 lulive refemblance, either of folemnity, from fana- 
 tical cant ; of profoundnefs, from fcholaftic jargon; 
 9f precifion, from the crabbed formalities of cloudy 
 philologifts ; or of refinement, from the technical 
 babble of frivolous connoiffeurs. 
 
 " At the fhadowy and fleeting reputation which is 
 ibmetimes gained by the petty frolicks of literary 
 vanity, or the mifchievous ftruggles' of controver- 
 al rage, JORTJN never grafped. Tnith, which 
 fome men are ambitious of feizing by furprize, in 
 the trackkfs and dark recefs, he was content to 
 overtake in the broad and beaten path : and in the 
 purfuit of it, if he does not excite our aftonimment 
 
 by
 
 JIDVERT ISEMElttfc, XlX 
 
 by the rapidity of his ftrides, he at leaft fecurcs our 
 confidence by the finnnds of his ftep. To the 
 examination of pohtiens advanced by other men, 
 be always brought a mind, which neither prepoi- 
 feffion had feduced, nor malevolence polluted. Hs 
 impofed not his own conjectures as infallible and 
 kretiiable truths, nor endeavoured to give an air 
 $f impom : :e$, by dogmatical vehemence. 
 
 He ccnld fupport bis more feriows opinions with- 
 out the Yeifatility of a fophiit, the fierceaeis of a 
 difputint, or the impertinence of a buffocr. 
 More than this, he could relinquifh or correct 
 them with the calm and fteady dignity of a Writer, 
 uho, while he yielded fomethmg to the arguments 
 of his antagonifis, was confcious of retaining 
 enough to command their reiper. He had too 
 much diicernn: : found difference of opi- 
 
 aion with malignity or duilnefs ; and too much 
 candour to infult, where he could not perfuade. 
 Though his fenfibflides were neitber coarfe nor 
 fluggifh, he yet was exempt from thofe fickie "hu- 
 mours, thofe rankling jealoiifies, and that refilefs 
 rdnefs, which men of .
 
 jfcir A t) V E"R T .1 S M K. t. 
 
 are too prone to indulge. He carried Witlihirri 
 into every ftation ia which he was placed, and 
 every fubjeft which he explored, a folid greatnefs 
 of foul ; which cduld fpare Jtn inferior,, chough in 
 the offerifive form of an a*dverfary ; and endure art 
 equal, with, or without, the facred name of Frierftk 
 The importance of commendation/ as well ro-hirri 
 ivho beftbwS, as to nini who claims' it, he eflimated 
 not only with ju'ftice, but with delicacy : and there- 
 fore, he neither wantonly lavilhed it, nor withheld 
 It aufterely. But Inve&ive he neither provoked 
 iior feared , and, as to the fcverhies of contempt, 
 he referved them for occafions, where alone they 
 tould be employed with propriety ; and where, by 
 fcimfelf, they were always employed with cffcft ; 
 for the chaftlfement of arrogant dunces, of cenfo- 
 riaus fciolifts, of intolerant bigots in every fe<5!, 
 and unprincipled impolfors in every profeffion !"* 
 
 Nor have fuch been the Sentiments of thofe only, 
 who fully coincided with our author in matters of 
 fpecuiation, or in points of do&ririe. The late 
 Mr. Archdeacon BLACK BURNE, fo well known 
 
 * See Ts Acts ; printed for Charles Dill)-, 178?. 
 
 3 for
 
 lth treted w*h at eqtai de- 
 gree of re^pe& the laonorf of Dr. Jo* TIM. .He 
 f peaks of him is a. wrxerof ttr, (upcriec abilities ; 
 as a worthy preachfr, a great acd good man; 
 ** one, who was completely (juelised to do jti&ce 
 ft> any (hbjecr. be uJK^ftock to hacdic, aad 19 
 *iafe rcnainc a k^p-'l of veocxatioa is dyc. w 
 f ' One who bad incomparably tie ait to recoai- 
 *3 hundred tiLLngs 10 o'-ir f^r.o~~L5 iiitni-rr., 
 a coojddect pacKioxical advcntuipk would, 
 puke perfe&ly xidiculous." And, after paying a 
 very liberal tribute of acbaowlrdynrnr to him, as 
 a iftan of irtnaff dodom*, modefir, *1 rTi(fctriir< 
 -^ Wodd to Go^, be concludes, - " I i^- the 
 talents to perpetuate the reft of his excellencies to 
 tbe Jateft pofterity ! ^itt hercfls from bis labours, 
 and bcareth moc the voice of the opprefibr, cor of 
 die pembnt fcoraer. His works iil fudentlj 
 fpeaJc fix* him, while there are any remoant^ ci 
 pietr, learning, aad good-fezujb among the. (bns of 
 r,; and will fbilo -^ofe maaubn^ 
 
 waere neither envy, malevolebce, cor die dogmati- 
 cal arrogance of ignorant (uperdfious crticifoi wilf 
 mm otBis re"sr2
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 Dumjitga montis aper,fluvios dumpifcis amabit, 
 Ditmque thymo pafcentur apes, dum rare cicada, 
 Semper honos, nomenque tuum, laudefque manebunt V 
 
 To teflimonies like thefe, at once fo very re- 
 fpectable, and fo ably expreffed, even filial piety 
 can hardly fugged an addition. Their veracity 
 has been felt, and will be acknowledged by the 
 beft judges of literary ability. The heart of the 
 grateful Editor is much flattered by them. He 
 ranks jt among his trueft honours to have this 
 farther occafion of announcing them to the judi- 
 cious Reader, as a 1 aft parting tribute to parental 
 worth. And, while fenfible that by the fubfequent 
 iheets, he is merely prefenting a learned trifle, in 
 comparifon of fome former pieces, from the fame 
 hand, and upon fubjecls of higheft fpiritual con- 
 cern ; the encouragement already given forbids 
 him to doubt of a favourable reception, when thus 
 rcfpcftfully offering what many, perhaps, and 
 very juilly, may confider, but as " the gleaning 
 ?rapes> when the vintage is done." 
 
 LONDON, i 7 9,> 
 
 <*? Hiflcrical View of the Csntro'verfy concerning an 7/tv.w- 
 d'.atc ?!at(> &c, Second Edition, p. 268, 289, 296.
 
 MISCELLANIES.
 
 & In the prefent copy, No. XVII. XVIII. XlX. XX. XXI. 
 
 are introduced, in addition to the former publications of 
 the Lusus POETICI; as being found amongft the author's 
 papers, and deemed not unworthy of a place amidft their 
 predeceflbrs.
 
 LUSUS POETIC I*. 
 
 I. 
 
 NUPTIJE BACCHI ET ARIADNES. 
 
 UIVA quae blandas, Erato, querelas, 
 Bellaque, ct furta, ct lacrimas amantum, 
 Et Dionxis agitata qantas 
 
 Ped:ora curis, 
 
 Pollicis docti fugiente pulfu 
 Sufcita vocem citharae tacends, 
 Et repercuiHs fociaDda prome 
 
 Carmina cho. 
 
 Diva, quando os purpureum refolvis, 
 Concidunt venri, filuere rauci 
 Fluminum lapfus, placidique rident 
 poati. 
 
 * Printed by Bowyer, 1748. 
 
 B 2
 
 4 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 Surge, cantemus, Dea. Carmen efto 
 Candidi conjux Ariadna Bacchi, 
 Quseque details radiant Olympo 
 Aftra corona. 
 
 Cyclades fparfas ubi Naxos inter 
 Surgit JEgxo redimita ponto, 
 Litore errabat Ariadna, fevo 
 
 Saucia ludu ; 
 
 Impius quam vir fideique fallax, 
 Proditatn fomno per opaca nodis 
 Fugerat Thefeus, quatiens redudis 
 Marmora tonfis. 
 
 Malta turn ventis nimium fecundis, 
 Multa labenti lacrimans carinse, 
 Multaque injufto pelago locuta, 
 
 Fedora planxit : 
 
 Non caput mitra, aut ftrophio papillas 
 Vinfta luftantes, teretive gemma. 
 Crebra negledlum affiliens amidum 
 Unda rigabat. 
 
 Ladeo collum cubito reclinis, 
 Humidos dejeda oculos refedit, 
 Ut tener fios prsetereunte languet 
 Preffus aratro : 
 
 Cum
 
 I. U S U S POETIC I. 
 
 Cuni repots aures trcpidas tumukus 
 Impulit, 1x6. ftreputne plaufus : 
 Saxa, rcfpoodent, reibnalque reddunt 
 Litora 
 
 Jamque adeft natus Semche Jorifque, 
 
 v^ vti luus mffi is rpnicmt xsiocfliis 
 Pampinus crines, hedeneque cucmn 
 
 - - v. : .'. . _ ;. .. ~. ? . 
 
 Ilium et auriri quadens afelli 
 Terga Silcnus, Satyrique ovantcs, 
 
 yj icvcs j? 
 
 Coila queis angoes Tarii perenant 
 Lubrico lapfu, innocuil que lambunt 
 Pedora linguis. 
 
 Scridiili : rauca horriibno redamant 
 Cornua afleniu, rcboantqoe pulla 
 
 At Deus cumi invehitur fupinus 
 Aureo. Frenos modcrans Cupido, 
 Perfidom ndens, agit incitatas 
 
 . berc tigres ; 
 
 3 ;
 
 6 LUSUS POETIC It 
 
 Qu& fimul fenfere datas habenas, 
 Litus ad declive ruunt. Puella 
 Horruit vifis, geltdoque fugit 
 
 Sanguis ab ore ; 
 
 Terque conatam relevare membra, 
 Terque delapfam impatiens amator 
 Mulcet accurrcns, tenerifque circum- 
 pleditur ulnis : 
 
 Quidque, Minoi, heu nimium fidelis 
 Perfido, dixit, quereris marito ? 
 Saxa cur fxvi refonant rectiffum 
 
 Nomen amantis ? 
 
 Parce jam dile&a Deo puella 
 Lucidos fletu temerare ocellos. 
 Parce. pr^fentem fugiente muta 
 
 Conjuge Bacchum, 
 
 I lie ego proles Semelje Jovifque, 
 Ille ego seterna nitidus juventa 
 Te peto. lu&um reprime, et ferenos 
 Indue vultus. 
 
 Nee tuo forma nee honore Thefeo 
 Vincimur : quantum mea dextra poflit, 
 Novit et concufla fero Gigantum 
 
 Phlcgra tumultu : 
 
 Novit
 
 LtfS US POETIC I. ~ 
 
 Novit et ficco pofitus fub axe, 
 Quern rota Titan propiore torret, 
 Qua ruit feptemgemico fuperbus 
 
 Flumiae Qanges. 
 
 Accipe aetetno tibi nexum amorc, 
 Nefcium flecti, ant alia calerc, 
 Qui tuus, gratamque trahecs cateaam 
 Sen let uni ; 
 
 Cumque jam formam fupercs Dearum, 
 Quod deeft, annos Dea iempiternos 
 Accipe, et nullam metuat fenectam 
 Gratia vukus. 
 
 Quaeque jam negleda jacet corona, 
 Quse novem diftinc^a nitet lapillis, 
 Sueta candentem redimire froatem 
 Orbe redufto, 
 
 Mox novum fidus veniet fereno 
 Additum muado decus, aftra puras 
 Cum faces tollent, fugietque prono 
 Phoebus Oljropo. 
 
 TefHs hsec noftri tibi iancta amoris, 
 H^c et xterao reditura lapfu 
 Xon meos ignes oriens cader 
 
 Arguet unquam. 
 
 B 4 Dixit.
 
 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 Dixit. at virgo pariter calentes 
 Scntiens flammas, grcmio rubentem 
 Condidit vultum, appofitaque texit 
 Lutnina palla. 
 
 Turn Deus furfum jaculans coronam 
 Torfit in caslos. fugit ilia dextram, 
 t volans ardet, fubitofque motu 
 Concipit ignes. 
 
 Indc nodurno reftdcns Olympo 
 Et memor Bacchi et dominae, puellis 
 Profpicit, fidofque juvat benignum 
 Sidus amantes. 
 
 II. 
 
 CASSANDRA VATICINIUM* 
 
 HECTOR cum patriie mocnia linqueret, 
 Non fpectandarn iterum rerpiciens domum, 
 Vates hrec cecinit plena Deo foror, 
 
 Diffufam quatiens comam : 
 
 Quo
 
 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 Quo me, Phoebe, rapis ? quod video decus ? 
 Unus tot refuges frater agit duces. 
 U.i: flamma rates, purpureum mare 
 Graio languine ringitur. 
 
 Eheu quarn rapide gaudia tranfeunt ! 
 Jam cedit Priami verla acies retro ; 
 Et tu, me miferam ! tu quoque concidis 
 Crudeli domirus Dea ; 
 
 Tu Trojs columen, tu decus et dolor. 
 Felix pro patria qui moreris tua. 
 pelix perpetuum cui pariet decus 
 Carmen Mseonii jfenis. 
 
 Omnes Fata trahunt ferius ocius : 
 Caligo fubit, et trifle filentium ; 
 Sed vates tenebras difcutit invidas, 
 Virtutemque vetat mori. 
 
 III. 
 
 QTALIS per nemorum nigra filentia, 
 Vallefque irriguas, et virides domos 
 Serpit fons placidus murmure languido, 
 Secretum peragens iter;
 
 10 LUSUS POETIC U 
 
 Flexas per patrios circumagens aquas 
 Paulum ludit agros, et fmuat fugam, 
 Donee praecipiti, jam pede defluus 
 
 Mifcctut gremio maris ; 
 
 Talis per tacitam devia femitam 
 jStas diffiigiat, non opibus gravis, 
 Non cxperta fori jurgia turbidi, aut 
 
 Palmse fanguineum decus : 
 
 Cumque inflant tenebrx et lux brcvis occidit, 
 Et ludo fatura et feffa laboribus 
 3omni fr^ter iners membra jacentia 
 Componat gelida manu. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Vix triflis dubia luce rubet polus : 
 Circum cunfta filent. Solus ego his vagor 
 Jncerto pede filvis, 
 
 Et mecuni vigiians Amor. 
 
 Crndelis fugies Julia ? turbido 
 Credes te pelago ? nos fcra dividens 
 Inter fccviet unda, et 
 Venti fpes rapient rneas ? 
 
 Sic,
 
 LV5US FOETICI. II 
 
 Sic, me fie poteras hidcre cieduhnn ? 
 Sic promifla caduot ? Ipfe tamen time, et 
 Venn fallere norunt, 
 Nee fenrar pelagus fie 
 
 V. 
 
 BALAAMI, 
 
 Qris pulfat hofpes corda fiiroribus 
 Commota moritis ?*aeftuat, zftuat 
 Mortale peftus, irruenus 
 
 Ferre Dei grave pondus impar, 
 
 Concufia pronis verticibus mihi 
 J*ifgsea rupes ammit : annuk 
 Sublimis aether, intremuntque 
 Zipporids peritura regna, 
 
 Apparet ingens turba patentibcs 
 Piffula campis, quoc Boreas agit 
 Hibemus undas, quot ferena; 
 Nodis equos comitantur alba* 
 
 O quam
 
 12 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 O quam tremendum, gens nimium Deo 
 Pileda, fulges ! fervat adhuc minas 
 Sic frons leonis, qui recumbens 
 Terribili requiefcit ore. 
 
 Jam fasvit audax colla minacium 
 Calcare regum. jam domita fedet 
 Tellure vidrix. bella ceffant, 
 Et filuit tremefadus Orbis. 
 
 En caftra longa planitie fita 
 JLetale rident. En fluitantia 
 Vexilla ludunt, et per auras 
 Tela procul metuenda furgunt. 
 
 Sic qua pererrat fons taciturn nemus, 
 Nutrita quercus flu mine limpido, 
 Regina filvarum, decoros 
 rigitur fpatiofa ramos. 
 
 Auditis ? ida? vocibus afperis 
 Valles reclamant. Ecce Deus, Deus 
 Ad arma curfantes ad arma 
 Concitat, et geminat furorem. 
 
 Cerno fed unde haec peclore languido 
 Luclantur, heu ! lufpiria ? quis dolor 
 Mentein ? quid injuflis repente 
 Sic lacrimis maducre vulcus ? 
 
 O caufa
 
 I.USIFS POETIC I. 
 
 O caufa Indus ! O patria ! O dies, 
 
 Soprana quac max advenks mihi ! 
 
 O fat feTerus, parce tandem, 
 
 Parce, Parens bominum ac Deorcm . 
 
 Cur omnia in DOS fptcuia dirigas, 
 Qups umbra iacri tola fupercili 
 Tenet? perimus, fnlminanirm 
 Si qoatias inimkus haftam. 
 
 Quae iaza, qoae me Eujcibus inviis 
 Cdodent caveraae ? quae teget hoc caput 
 Arnica mpes, dam ferocis 
 Tranfierit fiemitus proceilae ? 
 
 VL 
 
 EX P 
 
 Me tuos inter nmneore, Paftor 
 Samme, dignaris, qoibos ipfe Toga 
 
 r_. -..v. ..
 
 14 LUSUSPOEflCl* 
 
 Pafcimur campis, ubi lene ridet 
 Florido Natura decora cultu, 
 Fonfque vitales faiiente rivo 
 
 Snfficit hauflus. 
 
 Ponarin regno glacialis Urfe, 
 Nubibus trifles humeros amicta 
 Qua filet Nox, pcrpetuiique durant 
 Arva pruinis : 
 
 Lxtus et fidens, duce te, vagabor. 
 Bruma te donis cumulare difcet 
 Non fuis ; te Nox venerata furvas 
 Contrahet alas. 
 
 VII. 
 
 AD TEMPUS, 
 
 O QJJI feverus fake adamantina 
 Matura fato deftruis, et gravi 
 Frangis ruina qnicquid axe 
 Prietereas^ Deus, incitato, 
 
 Tu,
 
 L V S U S P O E T I C I. If 
 
 Tu, fede celfus, dum revolubilem 
 Torques laborem, dura Neceflhas 
 Auriga in zeteraos recurfus 
 
 Flecbit equos volucremque currum : 
 
 Obfcura casco Secla filentio, 
 Diefque plumis veriicolorihus, 
 Anr.ique, volventefque Menfes 
 Fulmineum comitantur axem : 
 
 Tecum alta Virtus laurigeram fedet 
 Decora frontem, et filia Veritas, 
 Cui vultus immortale fulgens 
 Purpureo radiatur igni : 
 
 Injuriofa ne citus orbita 
 Vertas columnam, quam tenuis labor 
 Struxit CamcensB. parce curru, 
 Parce gravi metuende tclo. 
 
 t tu fuperbo vertice flammeas 
 Surgens in arces, milk fonantibus 
 Accinfta pennis, c: 
 
 Pone volans rapidos jugaies, 
 
 Due, Fama, puri per fpatia actheris, 
 Due me infulenti tramite, nobilem 
 Teatare inacceflbs ; 
 
 Invidix pedibus receiV. .-. 
 
 >
 
 l6 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 Surgo, vetuflis pervia vatibus 
 Calcatur ardens femita, qua LYRA, 
 Audita filvis montibufque, 
 Igne trerait fimulante chordas. 
 
 Hoc, Diva, noftrum barbiton ocius 
 Sufpende coeio. Luceat omnibus, 
 Sedefque complexum fecundas 
 Emeritis requiefcat aftris. 
 
 Quid mente vanus concipis zethera ? 
 Quo vota fundis qnidlibet impotcns 
 Sperare? pro fallax voluptas! 
 Heu line Diis animofe vates ! 
 
 Te furda praeterlabitur orbita. 
 Avertit alas Fama. Supervenit 
 Nox atra caligante vultu, et 
 Nube fedens taciturnus Horror. 
 
 Sic fiexuofi margine fluminis 
 Cycnus recumbit carmina dividens : 
 Mox Fata, nil mollita cantu,- 
 Ora premunt liquidamque vocem. 
 
 VIII.
 
 LUSU8 POETIC I. 17 
 
 VIII. 
 
 AD VENTOS. 
 ANTE A. D. MDCCXXVII. 
 
 VAT is Threicii nunc citharam velim, 
 Vocifque illecebras Wanda furentibus 
 Dantis jura procellis, 
 Mulcentis pelagi mmas. 
 
 Venn tarn rapido turbine conciti. 
 Qua vos cumque vagus dctulerit furor, 
 Clams vela Britannas 
 Tranfite innocui, precor. 
 
 Ultores fcelerum claffis habet deos, 
 
 jbem baud timidam pro patria raori. 
 En ut lintea circum 
 Virtus excubias agit. 
 
 Et nobis faciles parcite, et hoftibus. 
 Concurrant pariter cum ratibus rates : 
 Spe<ftent Numina ponti, et 
 Palmam qui meruit, ferat. 
 
 C IX.
 
 l8 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 IX. 
 
 INSULA BEATORUM, 
 EX PINDARI OLYMP. II. 
 
 IGNOTA noftris fideribus jacet 
 Sedes, beato quse recipit fmu 
 
 Sandtofque vates, quique lani 
 Pro patria oppetiere mortem ; 
 
 Quam vafta Nereus brachia porrigens 
 Immenfus ambit fluftibns inviis, 
 Terrafque mortalcfque gentes 
 Horrifonis procul arcet unclis. 
 
 Vcrnus pererrat prata Favonius, 
 Leni fufurro per tremulum nemus 
 Spirans, odoratofque pennis 
 Difcutit irriguis liquores. 
 
 Surgunt per agros undique rofcidos 
 Flores, amidi mille coloribus, 
 Solique gemmas explicantes 
 Dulce nitent radiante vultu : 
 
 Aut
 
 L V S U S FOE T I C I, 19 
 
 Aut penduli ex arboribus facris 
 Blande reclinant aureolum caput, 
 Aut confici vernante ripa 
 
 Stagna colunt gelidofque fontes. 
 
 His gens dolonim nefcia, vividum 
 Nedens lacertis et capiti decus, 
 Incedit immortale fulgens, 
 Perpetua viridis juventa. 
 
 X. 
 
 AXACKEOKTIS CASJf. XI. 
 
 LASCIV. mlhi recinunt puella?, 
 Urgeris fenio, miielle vates. 
 Attolle hoc fpeculum tremente dextra. 
 Mutatumne vides Anacreonta ? 
 Cani temporibus nkent. Comarum 
 Frontem deferuit decorus ordo. 
 Urgeris fenio, mifelle vates. 
 NEC novi, neque nofle vel doceri 
 An defint, volo, manferintve crines. 
 Hoc novi bene ; nulla concitatx 
 Pars debet minima interire virz. 
 Mox tantum exiguus cinis jacebo, 
 Oblitus citharam, jocos, amores. 
 
 C 2
 
 20 LUSUS POETIC I 
 
 Ergo continuas agam choreas 
 Mixtus candidulis fenex puellis. 
 Fufi Tub tacica bibamus umbra. 
 Ornent purpurese caput corollse. 
 Ludamus. Hodie libet, licetque. 
 Multam Fata brevi dabunt quietem. 
 
 XL 
 
 ANACREONTIS CARM. III. 
 
 TEMP us crat quo blanda quies mortalibus zegris 
 
 Incubat, et mulcet pectora feffa fopor, 
 Frigida quum tardi vertuntur plauftra Bootae, 
 
 Et bigas medio Nox agit atra polo. 
 Conftitit ante fores, atque oftia claufa Cupido 
 
 Impulit audaci terque quaterque manu. 
 Quis placidos, clamo, pergit mihi rumpere fomnos ? 
 
 Ne metuas, aperi, fum puer, inquit Amor. 
 Solve fores ; erro per opaca filentia nodis, 
 
 Verberat et lasfas nixque notufque genas. 
 Quem non ilia Dei potuiffent verba movere ? 
 
 Excutio, accenfa lampade, pofte feram. 
 Afpicio puerum pharetranaque arcufque gerentem ; 
 
 Concufia aligeris tela fonant humeris. 
 
 8 Frigore
 
 LUSUS POETIC I. 21 
 
 Frigore pallentem miferor totumque rigentem, 
 
 Et ftatuo medium fedulus ante focum. 
 Oifcciofa manus refovet digitofque finufque, 
 
 Et multo madidas exprimit iinbre comas. 
 Hie tremor poftquam candentia membra reliquit, 
 
 Et rediit tenerse vifque calorque mahu, 
 Experiamur, ait, chordam an mihi laeferit imber, 
 
 Utilis an tractum poffit, ut ante, fequi. 
 Protinus adducto coierunt cornua nervo, 
 
 Perque meum pedus pulfa fagitta venit, 
 Exfiliit, plaufitque manus crudele renidens, 
 
 Laetaque dimovit talibus ora fonis ; 
 Gaude mecum, hofpes : falvi mihi nervus et arcus; 
 
 Hoc te, ni fallor, faucia corda decent. 
 
 xn. 
 
 EX ANTHOLOGIA. 
 
 Mi TTO tibi base, Rodoclea, virenda ferta virenti: 
 
 Texuit haec folo dodta ab Amore manus, 
 Narciffumque rofamque legens, mollemque ane- 
 
 monem, et 
 
 Candida ccemleis lilia ciim violis. 
 Indue et hsc, et mitem animum: florem efle 
 
 memento, 
 Pulcrior his qui fit, forfitan et brevior. 
 
 C 3 XIII.
 
 LVSVS POETIC i. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 PERSEUS. 
 E X SIMON IDE. 
 
 NOCTE fub obfcura, verrentibus aequora vends, 
 
 Quum brevis immenfa cymba nataret aqua, 
 Multa gemens Daaae fubjecit brachia nato, 
 
 Et tenerae lacrimis immaduere genze. 
 Tu tamen ut dulci, dixit, pulcfhcrrime, fomno 
 
 Obrutus, et metuens triitia nulla, jaces! 
 Quamvis, hen quales cunas tibi concutit unda, 
 
 Prsebet et incertam pallida Luna facem, 
 Et vehemens flavos everberat aura capillos, 
 
 Et prope, fubfultans, irrigat ora liquor. 
 Nate, meam fentis vocem ? Nil cernis et audis, 
 
 Teque premunt placidi vincula blanda dci , 
 Nee mihi purpureis effundis blcefa labellis 
 
 Murtnura, nee notos confugis ufque hnus. 
 Care, quiefce, puer, fevique quiefcite iluclus, 
 
 Et mea qui pulfas corda, quiefce, dolor. 
 Crefce, puer ; matris leni atque ulcifcere ludus, 
 
 Tuque tuos ialtem protege, fumme Tonans.
 
 L U 5 L 5 P O E T I C I. 23 
 
 XIV. 
 
 AM TOTI MORIMUft, KULLAOJTE PAES MANET 
 NOSTil ? 
 
 TENZ, Anima infelix, durae incleracnria Mortis . 
 Exfpe&at, gelidique aetema filentia Somni ? 
 Fmftra coelcftes aditus, fruftraque penates 
 Sufpicis immenfos, et concipis sethera votis, 
 Si lex dura negar, fi ferrea Fata repugnant. 
 
 Primum ergo te colluftra, teque cxcute tocam ; 
 Forfitan btrorfum latitans educcre verum, 
 Et reperire queas quse fis, atque unde creata. 
 Aut tu materies, aut tu fubftamia fimplcx, 
 Aut quaedam harmonia es junftis ex partibus orta, 
 Quam gignunt ordo, motus, pofitura, figura. 
 Quod fi materia es, tibi funt Elementa parentcs, 
 Inde genus ducens, illuc poft fata redibis. 
 Si fola harmonia es, torpor cum languidus inftat, 
 
 fque calor pallentes deferit amis, 
 Offufeque oculis nubes, et murmure trifti 
 Spiritus incertas exit tenuatus in auras, 
 Occidis, et non es cura revocabilis ulla. 
 
 a, fi fdndos nen*o(que ipfamque minutim. 
 Nil quamvis prorfus pereat, lyra definit effe, 
 Suavia nee refponfa dabit, fi Delius ipfe 
 Admoveatque manum, geminafque exerceat artes. 
 C4 .Si
 
 24 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 Si vero fimplex mavis fubftantia dici, 
 Omnia forte potes durando vincere fecla ; 
 Eveniatque utinam. tamen heu ! tamen anxia 
 
 mentem 
 
 Sufpicio quatit, et dnbitandi gignitur zeftus. 
 Nam qui, quxfo, potefl fentire, vigere, moveri, 
 Quod ncc habet brmam,quod ncc fpatium occupat 
 
 ullum ? 
 
 Pr<eterea, uncle tibi tali cum corpore difpar 
 Conjugium ? citius mifcebitur acthere tellus, 
 Scrpentes avibus jungentur, pifcibus agni. 
 Deinde, tibi fumm.i dies ntidavit tegmine demto, 
 Nulla tibi fenfus datur exercere poteftas ; 
 Et quid turn prsclufa juvat te janua Leti, 
 Si love nefcio quid, prorfufque intadtilc refhas, 
 Tenuius ct ventis, ct vrmefcentibus nmbris, 
 Nee melius fpatio infolido, quod Inane vocamus ? 
 
 Hei mihi ! lege rata, Sol occidit atque refurgit, 
 Lunaque mutatre reparat difpendia formze, 
 Aftraque, purpurei telis extinda Diei, 
 Rurfus, node, vigent : humiles telluris alumni, 
 Graminis herba virens, et florum picla propago, 
 Quos crudelis Hiems letali tabe peredit, 
 CumZephyri vox blanda vocat, rediitque fereni 
 Temperics anni, fcecundo e cefpite furgunt. 
 Nos domini rerum, nos magna ct pulchra minati, 
 Cum breve vcr vitie, robuftaque tranfiit aftas, 
 
 Deficimus,
 
 I. US US POETIC I. 25 
 
 Defidmus, nee has ordo revohjbHis aunts 
 Recdit in asdseiias, tnmuli nee clauRra rdblrit. 
 
 Sed tamen iHa, quiss nuHis obnoxk curis : 
 
 N : ~ i-.ic Mc:_ "., ;~. _. _ _ r. . .~. . -: . . - ~ ^ ?, 
 
 t Dolor, et Metes, et numquam fa tiara Cupido, 
 Et Furor, et fliidum quatiens Difcordk ferrum, 
 Non maHhida Fames, et Egefias obfica peaais, 
 Non Odium, et (emper Virturi Uvor iniquus, 
 Non Doles, et falfo Mendack perfida vultu. 
 Nox urget, pladdiique Sopor (uperincubat afis. 
 
 Diice ergQ, tnmquula, pati, qua? Dasdala rauut 
 Impofuk Natma, et ineta^abile Fatnm. 
 Omnes una pcenut SOTS, omnibus iniiiiict una. 
 QpaDcunque orbis habet, cacito labentia motn, 
 Haurk hians avidamquc Chaos demergk in alrum. 
 jllc ftmfn mmi^tDitt ij^cijdns om iuftntt 1 fi3fTf^*^j. 
 Communes patkur morbos ; volrendbus aanis, 
 Vix agd effirtos, fenio gcavis ipfe, jogaks; 
 Longa dies nhidos tingit ferrugiae vultus, 
 Seque fuii tandem conlumcnr fidera flammis. 
 At tu multa moves, multumque, infana, laboras. 
 Scilicet nt fiabiks rerum tramcendere metas 
 Sic poffis, vidrixque virum volitarc per on. 
 Heu^pesfdlacesnominum! quamincercabrevUquc 
 Poft mortem vita eft, vanac et vox garmla Famac ! 
 Sunt et nominibus, (tint et fua ha fepokhris.
 
 26 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 Mufa diu fefe et Virtus longzeva tuentur; 
 His etiam fenun induccnt Oblivia velum. 
 
 Decipimur fpecie recYi ; fie devia pafiu 
 Mens labat incerto, fie nos temerarius Error 
 Ludit, et incautos mcndaci lumine ducit. 
 Tu Temper fulges, divina? particula aure ; 
 Igneus ille tuus vigor et coeleftis origo 
 Deformem Lcti faciem, tenebralque filentes 
 Ridet, et zeternie fpondet tibi fiecula vita?. 
 Inde tibi auguriumque et fpes praefaga futuri; 
 Indc boni rcctique amor, et reverentia Cceli, 
 Ingeniumque rapax, fubitum, verfatile, vaftum, 
 Dilcurrens ultra flammantia mocnia mundi, 
 Omnia comple5tens, perque omnia fsccula vadens. 
 Quicquid es, es certe fimplex duntaxat, et una, 
 Colledla in tete, atque interno pradita motu. 
 Non habet has dotes ignobile pondus inertis 
 Materiae, conftans ex partibus infinitis. 
 Aut tu tuta manes, vivifque invidla per aevum; 
 Aut mundum Cafus Fortunaque caeca creavit, 
 Quo nihil a vera magis ell ratione remotum. 
 
 Afpicc trrrarum tracltis, et fidera cccli, 
 Florcntefqne agros, immenfifque sequoris undas: 
 J-Ios tibi tcrrarum tradlus Natura creavit, 
 Has tibi luccntes fufpcndk in aethere flammas, 
 Et fiuvios duxit, campofque extendit aquarum, 
 Prataque purpureis pinxit viridantia gemmis. 
 
 Poftquam
 
 L us us POETIC i. 27 
 
 Poftquam difcuffis fulfit lux prima tenebris, 
 Ei fibi commiflbs jacxit Sol impiger axes, 
 Aiiraque fixa polo, Lunxque argenteus orbis, 
 Node, fuas habuere vices, iba regna, filenti, 
 Errantefijue novas ftellae duxere choreas, 
 Terraque fonnofum ridens, et flabilis aer, 
 Et pontus, naviiqoe iuos ccperc colonos, 
 Felices, betofque, etfi nitionis egentes, 
 Magnus reram Opifex mundi primordia circum- 
 Afpexk, placido coUaodans omnia vultu. 
 Tune open finem imponens, e peftore fudk 
 Foecundas voces, Animamqoe exiftere juffic. 
 Juflerat, et (ubico tu, praeftanriffima renim, 
 Ante Deum flabas ; cui fie Pater ore fereno : 
 Dakis progenies, sternse Mentis imago, 
 1, pete terreftres oras, ribi credita regna, 
 Fonnofumque habita corpus, fonnofior hofpes. 
 Quae fie origo tibi, qua fis reditura, memento. 
 Nil in te MOTS juris habet, ricbicia quamvis 
 Anna fonent dextra, quaravb augufta triumphis 
 Incedat, vultuque et cufpide terreat orbein. 
 Sperne mutas Fan, Nodilque inamabile regnunv. 
 Annuit Omnipotens. Sparfi per inane profundum 
 Intremuere orbes, et inhomiit ultimus aether. 
 
 Ergo c" 01 fragiles artus et vincla refolvit 
 Mora's arnica manus, Mens ilicet ignea fuiium 
 Exfilit, et patriae quaerit regionis honores. 
 Exik aka petens, morJique per aera pennis, 
 
 Ccelum
 
 28 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 Ccelum adit, et lasto circumdata luminc, gandet 
 Divorumque domos, facrafque revifere fedes, 
 Quas neqne contriftant imbres, nee fulmina vexant, 
 Nee frigus penetrat, nee Sirius ardor adurit, 
 Ncc venti audaces violant, ncc nubila velant. 
 Illic caftus Amor mil! is infefta venenis 
 Spargere tela folet: Puero Concordia dulcis, 
 InnocujEque Voluptates, et Gaudia pura 
 Accedunt comites, quales non fplendida vatum 
 Somnia finxerunt, non JStas aurea vidit. 
 
 At fi tetra lues vitiorum ftigmate denfo 
 Turpavitque Animam, et fevi vis noxia morbi 
 Remigium alarum infregir, pennafque revulfit, 
 Non datur in fuperas rurfum confcendere fedes : 
 Sed ruit in pneceps; raptam vertigine cseca 
 Turbo ferox procul ignotas propellit in oras, 
 Multa timens ubi, muka gemens, per Tsecula longa 
 Exful, inops, errat, variis exercita poenis. 
 
 O Anima, immortale vigens, cognataque ccelo, 
 Jufta iequi, pravoque fciens fecernere rectum, 
 Tene tui oblitam foedis fuccumbere monftris? 
 Te flolido obcascat vefana Superbia faftu ; 
 Segnitics te lenta premit , te blanda Voluptas 
 Impuro tenet amplexu; te pallida cnris 
 Torqnet Avaritia, et ftimulos fub pedore verfat. 
 Excute tot turpes dominos, tuaque aflerc jura. 
 Ut leo captivus, quem blandimenta rninasque 
 
 Ire
 
 
 LBSVS POETIC I. 29 
 
 Ire Tub imperium indigni docuere magiilri, 
 Si femel effracbs fubtraxit colia catenis, 
 Liber axnat filvas, nefcitque ad vincla reverti. 
 Carpe viam, abrupto qua tendit in aidua tra&u 
 Semka Vhmtis. Vidcn' ut te Gloria fronrem 
 Lauro cincta vocet, facrofque oftendat booorcs, 
 Et Pater ipfe alto Ipedans hortetur CMympo? 
 Miibus iadigenis pollens, furge, exfere Tires, 
 Quas dbi larga manu tribuit Natura becigna* 
 Afpice nativo fu^entem lumine gemmam: 
 Concolor ilia diu matrique fimillimA teme, 
 Obfcuras abfcondit opes ingloria, donee 
 Pafla TT>aniim artificcm, curaque polita fidriij 
 Eiuk ingratos vultus, atque ore fuperbo 
 Milk &ces vibrat, vario fplecdore corufcans. 
 
 XV. 
 TERJLA MOVETUR CIRCITM SOLEM- 
 
 I per aetherias Tellus revolubUis oras, 
 Fixo Sole, mat, nulloque errore pric: 
 Evolvat curies, nocumque recoUigar orbem, 
 Pandere feit animus, cainafque aperire lateates. 
 
 Lucifero foiitus curru dare jura diei 
 
 e;
 
 30 LUSUS POETIC IV 
 
 Infauftis cedens precibus Phaethontis, habenas 
 Tradiderat puero, et fatales frontis honores. 
 Hunc genitor Divorum ignarum artifque viaeque, 
 Errantemque polo, et fpargentem incendia faeva 
 Perculit, iratos jaculatus nubibus ignes. 
 At pater extinctum crudeli funcre natutn 
 Flebat ad Eridani ripas, gemitufque ciebat, 
 Quern circum Deus ipfe loci, centum que Sorores 
 Vana ferunt Nymphs ingentis folatia Indus 
 Optanti anernos leto finire dolores. 
 Odit equos, odit cingentes tcmpora flammas, 
 Officiumque negat mundo, currufque recufat; 
 Multaque conqueftus; non fie tamen, hei mihi ! natc, 
 Occideris. Surges sterna fronde decorus, 
 Unde fibi facri velabunt tempora vates, 
 Nee metues iras inimicaque tela Tonantis r 
 Jamque dies aderit, tibi cum pulcherrima virgo 
 Addet fe fociam, folioque virefcet eodem. 
 Dixerat, et corpus perfufum ne&are crefcit 
 Non pofitura comas, et tuta a fulmine Lauras.. 
 
 Jupiter, obfcuro quum coelum horrore lateret, 
 Nee quifquam acciperet vacuas rectoris habenas, 
 Ingemuit, nimiofque ignis jam pafla furores 
 Noluit aterna damnari fscula nodle. 
 Ergo globum ingentem fingit, radiifque ferenat, 
 Et circumfufo candentem lumine veftit. 
 Hunc medium juffit fixum immotumque mancrc; 
 Terram autem infolito difcentem currerc motu 
 
 Solis
 
 LUSUS POETIC I. 31 
 
 Solis obire vices , et eodera in tramite volvi. 
 Ilia emifla Dei dextra volat sethere vafto, 
 Pulfa, minata fugam ; fed vi majore retenta 
 Imperium agnofcit Solis, trahiturque, trahirqiic. 
 Scilicet has leges et mutua foedera Divum 
 Impofuit genitor. Maneant in fecula longa, 
 Nee peritura mat tellus per inane profundum. 
 
 Ex illo codi convexa reliqiiit Apollo, 
 j^Etheriafque domos, patrii monumenta doloris. 
 Florentes habitat campos, filvafque, pererrans 
 Pindum et fluminibus facris refonantia Tempe : 
 Qua tremula admoto percurrens pollice fila 
 Temperat, et failit divino carmine curas. 
 Inde pios audit vates, mentemque capacem 
 Addit, & ingenri Mufarum inccndit amore. 
 
 XVI. 
 AD GEORGIUM u. 
 
 A. D. MDCCXXVII. 
 
 PRINCIPIBUS proavis, et fanguine r.obilis alto, 
 Ipfe tuae gentis fummuin decus, indite GEORGI, 
 Aggredere, O magnos, dignum te pondus, honores^ 
 Vota inter, fpes et populorum, et gaiidia fefla. 
 
 Tc
 
 32 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 Te videt, et procul ire graves jubet Anglia luctusj 
 Te duce, profpeclat vel non ingloria pacis 
 Otia, vel judo quzefitos Marte triumphos. 
 Te' circum adfufaj, Virtutum Candida turba, 
 Coeleftes forma? exfultant. Scat Gloria cuftos 
 Invidiam augufti vultus fplendore repellens. 
 
 I, dilecle Heros, pulchrifque laboribus infta : 
 Regna vocant, vocat et regnis gravis addita cura ; 
 Magna tamen merces. Tibi prsefcia Mufa futuri 
 Fatorum pandit decreta, urgetque volentem, 
 Grande decus fpondens, et ituriim in fscula nomen. 
 Ilia ctiam viridi fecum tibi Tola Tub antro 
 Serta legens fcdet, et cindturas tempora lauros. 
 
 ^Etherios fupra tradlus, ubi Candida denfis 
 Sideribus placido Via JLactea lumine ridet, 
 Scat domus alta, ingens, aeternje regia Famx. 
 Semidet Heroes habitant, et nomina facra, 
 Quique olim in ferruni pro libertate ruebant, 
 Splendidaque ob patriam pugnando vulnera pafli, 
 Et mul turn fleti reges, q\ii cequiffimasblandi 
 Jura dedere fuis, quique impia bella moventeis 
 Fregenmt populos, metuendi ultricibus armis. 
 Lux veftit complexa viros, lauroque virenti 
 Atque intertexta velantur. tempora quercu. 
 
 Fatorum hie caslata manu ilant ordine longo 
 Qvi^e vidit prior aut a?tas vcntura videbit, 
 
 Qujecunque
 
 : p o z T i c ii 53 
 
 :nqce oftendunt labentia fsecula terns, 
 Digna Dese tefflplo, et laudes habitura pcrer.r.:-?, 
 
 GEORGITS has fedes mortal ia fceptra relinquens 
 Afcendit, Divofque petit, gratifSmus hofpes* 
 I, fequere, et lege, Mafa, tui vedigia regis, 
 Qua lux fignat iter, qua femita clara refulget, 
 Flammarumqiie vides longos albefcere tradus. 
 
 ;: Heroes, quos Anglica terra triumphis 
 Nota tuKt, Gallo refperS fangulne lauros 
 EDWARDI, belloque et pace illuftris ELIZA, 
 Cuique dedit meritum fervata Britannia fceptrum, 
 Occurrunt venienti, et facra in fede reponunt. 
 Circum fculpta videt laudum monumenta fuarum ; 
 Cacfareamque aciem, et primis fe cernit in armis 
 Fulgentem, et refugo pallentes agmine Turcas : 
 Turn Britonum domito labentes aequore clafles, 
 Quaque ruens pontus Calpzam verberat oram, 
 Quaque fub imperio gelidae jacet horridus Urfae. 
 
 :rna lucenti furgeas adamaate columna 
 Nad fada refert, doctoque indfa labore 
 Eventus magnos geric, et felicia regna. 
 Hue avidus mentemque pater et lumina vertit. 
 Aflertum pelagi imperium, clarofque triumphos, 
 Argumentum ingens, luflrat, Tarnefiflque fuperbum 
 Gratantem reduces blando cum murmure clafles. 
 
 videt ut leges idem jufliffimus auctor 
 Condis et obfervas : blandum Pax aurea vultum 
 D Erigit,
 
 34 
 
 LUSUS POETIC 
 
 Erigit, adfurgunt Artes, dominamque falutant. 
 Audax interea pelagoque adfueta juventus 
 Extra foils iter pofitas adit hofpita gentes, 
 Et mutat merces, et mutua fcedera jungit. 
 Ipfe minas ponit, placidufque arridet alumnls 
 Oceanus pater, et dextra propellit euntes. 
 
 Hasc videt, et fruitur venture lastus honore, 
 Explerique nequit Pater, atque ingentia nati 
 Confert a<5ta fuis ; confert, cedenfque fuperbh, 
 Te minor, et grato gaudet certamine vinci. 
 
 XVIL 
 
 B.EVERENDISSIMO AMICO THOM/E HAYTERO, 
 EPISCOPO NORVICENSI. 
 
 COLL is O Heliconii 
 Cukor, qui facili manu 
 Pulfas, fed nimis infrequens, 
 Lyra fila loquacia, 
 Nunc Prseful, mihi plurimls 
 
 Retro
 
 L u s u s POETIC r. 35 
 
 Retro cognitc folibus, 
 Blande et comiter accipe 
 Munus, exiguum licet, 
 Quod profert fubitus calor. 
 
 Qualis, et nive deflua 
 Audus, et pluvio Jos*e, 
 Amnis agmine concito 
 Ripae volvitur immemor j 
 Qualis aerios fecans 
 Tractus, antevolat Notos 
 Sagitta; arcus adhuc tremit, 
 Hasc dudum tetigit fcopura ; 
 Tails me rapit impetus 
 Audax, impatiens moras. 
 At vos, Mercurialium 
 Cuftodes hominum Deii 
 Et vos, dulcia Numina, 
 QUSE juvat cithane fonus, 
 Vultus, omine cum bono, 
 Hue advertite candidos. 
 Kon te Mufa procax rogat 
 Ut foil fibi fervias ; 
 Quicquid et Pietas jubet, 
 Et fandi Omcii labor, 
 Et dulcis PatrizE falus, 
 Lubenter tibi ceflerit ; 
 f pfam fed patere interim 
 Horis te vacuis frui. 
 
 D2
 
 LtiSUS POETIC 
 
 Mufa nos fuper sethera 
 Quadrigis volitantibus 
 Laetos transferee ad locos, 
 Et vireta recondita 
 Effulgent ubi nobilis 
 Scriptorum veterum chorus, 
 Queis Judaea fuperbiit 
 Dileftis penitus Deo ; 
 Et quos Graecia, fertilis 
 Mater artium et in gen i ; 
 Et quos Roma potens tulit, 
 Quum Parcae aurea Yaecula 
 Nerent, Czefare fub bono ; 
 Et quos magnanimus Leo 
 Fovit, Italia decus ; 
 Et quos noftra Britannia, 
 Romse et Helladis a^mula, 
 Et quos Gallia nutriit, 
 Cultis Gallia moribus ; 
 Et, quos dicere li velim 
 Dicentem fugiet dies. 
 
 Hos inter, flrepitu procul, 
 Vana fpe procul, et metu, 
 Curas fallere fi datur, 
 Nil ultra cupio, aut peto : 
 Nam magni Patris hadtenus 
 Nunquam claufa benignitas 
 Fmgi quod fads eft viro, 
 
 Et,
 
 LUSUS POETIC i. 37 
 
 Et, fervo quod inutili 
 Ultra quam fatis eft, dedit. 
 SufHcit mihi, fi modo 
 Me pulcrarum amor artium, 
 Et, quamquam tennis, labor 
 Secernent nebulonibus, 
 Detraftoribus, invidis, 
 Quos obfcura filemia 
 Nod:e, fie meritos, prement. 
 
 Ergo abfint querimoniae : 
 Dum ftulti querimur, dies 
 Protrudit fubiens diem, et 
 Vita przecipitans volat. 
 Et meus Genius mihi 
 Nuper ad caput adftitit ; 
 Nee te, inquit, fenium gravat, 
 Nee dum triftis hyems adefl, 
 Etfi ver breve fervidis 
 Olim praeteriit rods ; 
 Sed, mortalibus haud licet 
 Luci fidere craftinae ; 
 Quare, farcinulas, age, 
 Collige, ut levis exeas, 
 Quum fignum dederit PATER. 
 
 D 3 XVHI.
 
 tUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 XVIII. 
 
 REMARK AT THE END OF THE FIRST BOOK OF 
 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 
 
 " The Bifhop of Bangor [ Dr. Z. Pearce ], and Mr. 
 " Warburton, have been willing to appear as my 
 41 friends and my coadjutors in this work." * 
 
 IBIT ethoc noftri per fascula foedus amoris, 
 
 Dodlorumque inter nomina nomen ero : 
 Forfan et extiruftum non fpernet Patria dulcis, 
 
 Forfitan et dicet, " Tu quoque nofter eras." 
 Talibus inferiis placabilis umbra quiefcet ; 
 
 Lcnibunt Manes talia dona meos. 
 Interea labor ipfe levat faftidia vitje : 
 
 jEterno redtum Tub duce pergat iter ! 
 Scriptores fandii, ialvete, et cana Vetuftas ; 
 
 Salve, Mufa, nimis bland a tenaxque comes : 
 Tu puero teneris penitus dilcdla fub annis ; 
 
 Tune etiam emerito cura fiitura viro ? 
 Ne tamen sternum, mcefta atque irata, recede, 
 
 Sed raro, fed vix fsepe rogata, veni. 
 HJEC, Fortuna, tuis non funt obnoxia regnis, 
 
 Livorin hsec potent juris habere nihil. 
 
 * See the fecond edition of Remarks on Ecclefiailical Hiftory, 
 publiflied 1767. Vol.1, page 249. 
 
 XIX.
 
 I. U S U S POETIC I. 39 
 
 XIX. 
 
 PITAPHIUM FELIS-* 
 
 - A annis, morboqae grari, miriffima Fclis, 
 
 Infernos tandem cpgpr adire lacus : 
 Et mihi fubridcns Proferpina dixit, * Habeto 
 
 " Elyfios foles, Elyfiumque nemos." 
 Sed > bene fi cnemi. far^H* Reffina Silentfim, 
 
 Da mihi (akem uni node icdiie domum; 
 Nocteredire doraum,dominoq; haec dicere inaurem, 
 
 Te tua fida. etiam trans Styga Felis amat." 
 
 pecdBt Fdis Anno u DCC LVI. Vok aimos xiv. mcnfcs n. 
 ifiesir. 
 
 XX. 
 
 M STEPHA LZS::. 
 
 CANDIDA fimplicicas, generofi pedoris index, . 
 
 Et bene moratus reliigioais amor ; 
 Ingenium follers, cui pubkca commoda cune ; 
 
 Anxilhim miferis ferre parata man us; 
 HSB tibi erant dotes : teftes, Plcbs, Aula, (enatus, 
 
 EC quae vox populi, vox fuh ipfa Dei. 
 
 See. 
 
 D 4 XXI,
 
 40 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 XXI. 
 
 INSCRIPTION 
 
 FOR TH1 FOUNDATION STONE OF THE NEW BUILDIKG 
 AT CAMBRIDGE ; 
 
 Prawn up (but not prefented) by a perfon who had 
 a member of that univerfity. 
 
 OBSCURITATI et utilitati facrum, 
 Quadrature, hlc faxum conditur, 
 Fundamentum ilabile ac fidele 
 ^Edificii, utinam! fempiterni. 
 Difcant hinc, probi et eruditi, 
 Quamvis inter infimos latitantes, 
 Sort,e fua contend vivere, 
 Deoque ac Pat r is? conftanter infervirc;-. 
 Et malic 
 
 PRODESSE QJT.AM CONSPICI. 
 
 Anno falutis, cc. Aufpiciis, &c. &c. 
 XXII. 
 
 AN HYMN TO H A R M O N'Y, 
 IN THE MANNER OF SPENSER. 
 
 QUEEN of f \veet numbers and refiftlefs found, 
 Which can the foul with pleating force enthrall, 
 And hold the thoughts in deep attention bound 3 
 And bid th* obedient paffions rife and fall ; 
 All-pow'rfql HARMON Y ! on thee I call : 
 
 From dark oblivion I thy deeds would raife; 
 
 O tune my lyre, and help my feeble lays ! 
 3
 
 EUSUS POETIC:. 41 
 
 As yet this world no being- place had found; 
 Wild chaos ruTd, and fable-retted night, 
 WhiUl jarring atoms, through the vaft profound 
 Br chance and difcord led to doubtful fight, 
 Strove with tumultuous rage and refllefs might ; 
 Till Harmony and Love compos 'd the ay, 
 i chas'd the {hades of ancient night away. 
 
 i^ove, whofe approach the darknefs dares not bide, 
 Shot from his (lorry eyes ten thoufaad rays : 
 She to the chords her fofteft touch apply'd, 
 Then louder 'gan the fwelling notes to raife, 
 And fung fair Peace, and beauteous Order's praife. 
 Her voice fweet founded thro* the boundlefs deep, 
 .d all was calm, and all did filence keep. 
 
 The lifr/ning atoms ftraight forgot then* hate, 
 And pleas'd, yet wond'ring at their change, they 
 
 ftood; 
 
 Strange force of founds, fuch fury to abate ! 
 Then each with fond embrace the other woo'd, 
 
 each eternal peace and union vow'd. 
 Love bound them, nothing loath, ia lalting chains, 
 And o'er them all, his willing fubjeds, reigns. 
 
 Then
 
 42 LUSUS POETIC I, 
 
 Then yon bright orb began to roll afkance, 
 His courfe effaying through th' ecliptic way ; 
 And wand'ring ftars to move in myftic dance, 
 And fkies their azure volumes to difplay : 
 Then 'gan the earth to fmile in fair array, 
 
 And new-born man, with wonder and delight, 
 Gaz'd all around him on the beauteous fight. 
 
 This work performed, the goddefs took her flight, 
 Winging the wide-expanded fields of air, 
 To her own native place, the realms of light, 
 Where dwell the gods, devoid of grief and care. 
 Around her golden throne they all repair ; 
 
 Enwrapp'd in filent tranfport, while me fings 
 Sweet lays, refponfive to the trembling firings. 
 
 Yet thence, though rarely, the celeflial gueft 
 Deigns to defcend, unfeen of mortal eyn, 
 And gently glides into the poet's bread : 
 She comes ; and lo ! he feels the pow'r divine ; 
 New images begin to rife and mine, 
 
 Keeping due meafure, moving hand in hand, 
 And fober judgment leads the fprightly band. 
 
 Such
 
 LUSUS POETIC I. 43 
 
 Such was Calliope's unhappy (on, 
 Whofe tuneful harp could foothe the favage kind, 
 And bid defccnding ftreams forget to run. 
 Poor youth ! no charms in mufic could he find, 
 His bride twice loii, to cafe his love-lick mind, 
 When hid beneath the hoary cliffs he lay 
 On Strymon's banks, and moum'd his life away. 
 
 Such was the ey clefs Greek, great (acred name! 
 Who fhatcb'd the fon of Thetis from the grave ; 
 And hung his arms high in the houfe of fame, 
 Victorious ftifl, Time's envious pow'r to brave, 
 While funs arile and feek the weftem wave. 
 Such he, who in Sicilians flow'ry plains 
 Tun'd to the oaten reed his doric (bains. 
 
 And he, who rung the frantic rule of chance, 
 Leaving no room for wiklom and for choice, 
 And buik the world with atoms drove aiancc, 
 Theme ah* unworthy of a fkilful voice : 
 And Mantua's (wan, whofe dearer notes rejoice 
 Th* enraviuYd ear ; fb graceful he relates 
 Flocks, fields, and fwains, and fierce contend- 
 i.-g 
 
 A-:.:,
 
 44 LUSUS POETIC i. 
 
 And, like the Greek in fate and in renown, 
 
 Britannia's poet, born in latter days, 
 
 Whofe brow new wreaths and flow'rs celeftial crown ; 
 
 Who fung man's haplefs fall, and angels* frays ; 
 
 And, bold to venture through untrodden ways, 
 Explor'd the fecrets of the frowning night, 
 And foar'd above the ftars with daring flight. 
 
 Nor fhall my partial fong leave Thee unfaid, 
 Worthy to mix with this harmonious band, 
 Thee, gentle Spenfer, whom the mufes led 
 Through fancy's painted realms and fairy land. 
 Where vice and virtue all embody'd ftand, 
 Where ufeful truths in fair difguife appear, 
 And more is underftood than meets the ear. * 
 
 Come, condefcending goddefs, and impart 
 
 A mild afliftance to an aking breaft : 
 
 Exert the force of thy propitious art; 
 
 If thou be prefent, who can be diftreft ? 
 
 Pain feems to fmile, and forrow is at reft ; 
 The thoughts in mad diforder ceafe to roll, 
 And flill ferenity o'erfpreads the foul. 
 
 * See our Author's Remarks on Spenfer > inferted in this colleftion. 
 
 By
 
 L U S U S POBTICI. 4 
 
 By thee die youth encourag'd nooght to fear, 
 *Sddgnuig ignoble cafe and mean repofe, 
 Meets the fwift fury of the threat'ciag (pear, 
 And follows glory thnrogh an hoft of foes. 
 Nor canft thou not the din of arms compofs : 
 Thoa niikTi the God of war forfake the fidcf* 
 And drop his lance, and lay afide his fixield. 
 
 Thou kaow ? &, in pieafing, how to wound the 
 
 ~ - : . 
 
 Surpris'd, unguarded, and to love betray'd : 
 Alas! why art thou to that irape fo kind* 
 That powerful impe, in heaven and earth obey'd ? 
 His ihafb finke deep, and want no other aid: 
 Deep firikc his ihafb, unerring in their aim, 
 And his torch burns with uocxtinguiuYd flame* 
 
 Thefe are thy triumphs, goddefs, this thy migbt, 
 Faintly defcrib'd in far unequal lays. 
 Me, all unmeet, fond hopes did full incite, 
 Ambitious by thy name my verfe to raile, 
 And find thy favour, whu*ft I fung thy praiie. 
 
 O fmile on theie endeavours, hea*nly maid ! 
 
 Sweet is the toil, if with thy (mile repaid.
 
 46 Lt/sus pbETicf. 
 
 XXIII. 
 
 TH' ambitious mufc with early-daring flight 
 Spurn 'd the dull neft, and ventur'd into light ; 
 Yet even then, not fondly indifcreet, 
 She burnt a volume where me fpar'd a meet ; 
 Dwelt with the authors of the golden age, 
 And ftole fome beauties from the clafTic page ; 
 In modern verfe would willingly have fllOne, 
 And read POPE'S poems, and deftroy'd her owri; 
 Suffered no peevifh lines to fee the day ; 
 (Spleen oft cdmpos'd what candour threw away ;) 
 Nor wrong'd herfelf, nor wrong'd another's name, 
 Too proud to fawn, too honeft to defame; 
 Remote, and melter'd, in the paths me chofe, 
 From foolifli friends and formidable foes, 
 
 XXIV.
 
 us POETIC i. 47 
 
 XXIV. 
 
 INSCRIPTION- is FRAG:: 
 
 D. M. 
 
 TE. SVB. TENERA. UVFVLAVMT. PAETA. IVYEXTA, 
 
 O. VTDiAM. ME. CRY DELIA. FATA. V<K 
 VT. LIKQVAM. TRRAS. IKVISAQTE. LVMCiA. SOUS. 
 
 VTQVE. TWS. RVRSVM. CORPORE. SOI. POSITO. 
 TV. CAVE. LETHAiO. CON TIN CV AS. OKA. LICQ'OZE. 
 
 ET. C:TD vzv . -\TU. sis. MEIIOR. ORO, vnu. 
 
 TE. SEQVAR. OBSCVRVM. PER. ITER. DVX. ffilT. EVNTfc 
 FIDVS. AMOR. TENEBRAS. LAMPADE. DISCVTIEKS. 
 
 PETRI BURMANWI Notar, ex Anthologia Vcteriim 
 Larinorum Epigrainmatum et Poctarum. Am- 
 flelsedami. MDCCLXXIII. VoL II. p. 138. 
 Epigram. CLXXXVII. 
 
 " Epigramma hoc, canqoam Vetus Tofcnptio, 
 led prxnxis poft literas D. M. lacunaram nods,
 
 48 LUSUS POETIC r, 
 
 indicantibus, ni fallor, defiderari profaicani in- 
 fcriptionem, qua* metricis Epitaphiis prsemitti 
 folet in Lapidibus, -Erudhorum examini propofi- 
 tuni fuic ab Anglis, in MISCELL. OBSERV. 
 Vol. II. Tom. III. p. 403. edit. Lat. Amft. e 
 quibus repetiturri eft ab andnymo Britanno, in 
 Metricar. Infcript. Dele fin. P. 16. N. 19. qui 
 conditijfimi'.ni vocat Carmen. Sed ultimo difticho 
 edidit, 
 
 Te fequor obfcurum per iter : Comes ibit euntl 
 
 Fidits Amor. 
 Alterum praetuli* 
 
 Ver. 4* Corpore fim pojito: Ut in Infcriptione 
 JDoniana, Cl. XII. N. 27. 
 
 SI QUIS POST DUO CORPORA 
 POSITA HANC ARAM APERUERIT 
 AUT EXASCIAVERITj &C. a 
 
 Pofitum corpus etiam apud Virg. ^En. II. 644. 
 
 Sic OJtc pefitum adfati dificdite corpus. 
 Et Lib, XI. 30. 
 
 Corpus ubi exaniml pofitum Pallantis Accctei 
 Servabat Senior. 
 Lucret. III. 884* 
 
 Poft mortem fore, ut attt ptttrefcat corpore pojlo b . 
 
 * Qflze de verbo exafciare fequuntur pnidens omifi : Nihil enini 
 ad noftram Infcriptionem. 
 
 b Addas ex Tibullo, I. i. 61. 
 
 fltbis et arfu.ro pofitum me, Delia, leflo. 
 
 Non
 
 L 
 
 2 P T I C I. 
 
 - inelegans efiV gramma, pratfertim 
 
 la fine, libens concede, fed aritiquum dubito ; 
 veritus condinim ac cufum efle in officina recen- 
 tioris Poetae Itali, minime quidem icepti, quan- 
 quam .verfus fecundus delicatas aures, ut durior, 
 pc:::: cnendere. 
 
 Praecipua pars carminis colores fuos, licet Ian- 
 guidiori Imitarione, debet optimo Epigrammati % 
 ubi Arimetus Homonceae, 
 
 SI penjarr mamas fxtrrnt cndttia fola, 
 Etptft rtmi morte oSouJolas ; 
 me* debnttvr temper 
 tf, cor* Homo***, 
 
 A HOC, pofflaii, fmgwm Imamy* inffe, 
 
 ijtor. 
 
 Hoc Epigramc- Ij*. VoL H. 
 
 Epigr. CXLIII. p. 94. et notram Icfcnptknon in ubtii fandsmt. 
 
 '_".t!~! . ;ut:rr. . :r.;_^*. ^jrr.cii c'.trir.titHrr.'jrr: c.^crtd fcrr* 
 adoptzm Poeta, ndcio qnis, r Epa*} PASTA*, ct nter km 
 
 AA' i 
 K J^ 
 
 fimt Admcti, ad Akefcn am moritantm/ 
 E
 
 50 LtJSUS POETIC I; 
 
 u* certe his longe clegantiora funt. Ultima 
 adumbrata videntur ex loco Propertiij Lib. III. 
 El. xvi. 13. 
 
 ^uifquis amator erit, Scythicis licet ambulet oris, 
 
 Nemo adeo, ut noceat, barbarus ejje velit. 
 Luna miniftrat iter, demonftrant aftra falebras ; 
 
 Jpfe Amor accenfas prxcutit ante faces d . 
 Cui non diflicnile illud ex Lib. IV. El. iii. 45. 
 
 Romanls ut'inam patuiflent ca/ira pudlh ; 
 
 Effem militia farclna fida tu<e. 
 Non me tardarent Scytbi* juga, quum pater alias 
 
 Africus in glade m frigore neft.it aquas. 
 Omnis amor magnus ; fed aperto in conjuge major ; 
 
 Hanc Feuus, ut vivat, ventilat ipfa faccm. 
 
 * Non folum Propertium fed Tibullum ante oculos, ni fallor^ 
 habuit Jortinus : 
 
 Tibull. II. i. 75. De cupidine, ejufque facibus : 
 
 Hoc DUCE, cuftodesfurtlmtranf^ftJJ'ajacentes, 
 
 Adjuvenem tenebrisfolapuellavenit, &c. 
 Et rurfus, v. 8a. 
 
 Et proculardenies t bine proculabde faces. 
 II. Ti. i. 
 
 Ca/ira Macef fequitur : tenero quidfet Amori? 
 
 Sit Comes,. 
 
 Hinc orta eft varia leftio, a Burmaiino memorata. Atque Ite- 
 rum. V. 15. 
 
 Acer Amor, frafias vtinam, tuatfla, fagittaS) 
 liictt ext'mftas afrtciamqiie faces! 
 
 Vel,
 
 LUSUS POETICI. 51 
 
 Vd, fi mavis, ex noto Valerii jEditui Epigram- 
 
 Qttidfaculam prefers, Pbikros, qua nil opu nobis, 
 W, hoc lucetjxfioTcfammafatis, &c. c 
 
 Quselmitationes quidem laudabiles fuat, fed locis 
 inter le comparatis eo magis produnt receatioris 
 jBtatis artificium. Et hanc fufpicioaetn apud me 
 augent kcunse illse carmini praepofitae, foils tan- 
 turn literis D. M. fjperftitibus, quae facile pra- 
 figi poffunt, tamquam reiiqua evanuiffent ex Mar- 
 more, CUIR tamen nulla vox carminis ipfius Uefa 
 aut vetuflate corrofa fit, fed fola detrita eft quafi 
 infcriptio, vetuftis epitaphiis przponi folita, quam 
 fabricare eo minus aufus eft, quioimque fumos 
 nobis vendidit, quia in Epigrammate noa expri- 
 nomen mariri, qui conjugi fuse hoc epita- 
 ni fcripferit." 
 
 PETRUS BCR::A\:;VS, SECUNDtrs. 
 
 * Hoc Epigranuna, a recentioribus firpe hudltua, exfiat in A*- 
 tttl. Lot. Bunnanni. Vd. I. p. 673. obi poi phmnm DLiichum 
 bzckguntnr: 
 
 Ifian naafttis efl msf*vm extogmtre >oemtt 
 
 Aft imter ctrb cem& prdfita*s. 
 At cmtrm, hoc igmcm Frwrir, mfjercns ipp, 
 
 Hzc de face a ferro ante Amatoretn prxiata funt J*tdligwi: 
 Pacri nooen eft Ptiltnt. 
 
 E 2
 
 52 LUSUS POETIC I. 
 
 fcripfit, fed, magna ex parte, in vita Mi- 
 nerva, Mufifque iratis fcripfit, Petrus Burmannus 
 Secundiis 1773. Qui, me judice, Jortinianae In~ 
 fcriptionis venuftatem neque atringere, neque 
 guftare videtur. Audoris nomen illi efie ignotum 
 mirari fatis nequeo. A Patruo enim, Petro Bur- 
 manno, et J. P. Dorvillio, Amftelsedami Latine 
 editse fuerunt JORTINI hfifccllaKete Obfervationes, 
 in quibus primum " Erudhorum examini propa- 
 " fita" hzec Infcriptio, qiue poftea inter Luftts Poe- 
 ticos fgepius fuit vulgata.-^Andiendus autem de 
 hoc Epigrammate vir elegantiflimi fane ingenir, 
 Thomas Burgefs, cujus verba, ex libro Anglice 
 fcripto, ledtori confideranda lubenter adponam. 
 
 - . *' Among the few inflances^ In which the Antient 
 Infcription has been happily imitated, may be 
 mentioned an infcription written by Dr. JORTIN, 
 which was publimed in his Mifiellaaeous Obferva- 
 tions, Vol. I. and afterwards in his Lufus Poetid. 
 
 The idea of the four laft lines- feems to have 
 been borrowed from an epigram in the Greek 
 anthology : 
 
 T1o <roi ripiiiprts /xyrijiAr/Vo 
 'H At9-of 11 /Ajxpjj TT;? 
 AICI ^ilno-w o-f. <ru S\ ti 
 T 
 
 * Anthol. H. Steph. III. i. p. 195. Anthol. Reilk. p. Sr. 
 Brunckii Analeft. III. p. aS/. 
 
 3 Except
 
 L U 5 U ? O E T I C I. 53 
 
 Except the conclufion of the Latin, which 
 perhaps might ferve as an example of antholo- 
 gick elegance. Yet the very elegant and pi<fhi- 
 refque image of love, in its prefent fituation, 
 fomewhat weakens the impreffion firft made by 
 the tendernefs and beauty of the fentiment con- 
 tained in that affecting wim ; 
 
 TU. CAVE. LETHAEO. CONTIXCUAS. OR.A. LIQUORE. 
 
 with which the infcription, feemingly, ought to 
 have concluded, as in the Greek* 
 
 TE SEQUAR : OBSCURUlf PER 1TER DUX HIT EUMT1 
 FIDUS AMOR, TENEBRAS LAMPADE DISCUTJENS. 
 TU CAVE LETHJEO COKTINGUAS ORA LIQUORE, 
 
 ET CITO VESTURI sis MEMOR ORO VIRI. 
 
 " But I will follow thee, and Love fhall conduct 
 " me through the gloomy paflage, difperfing the 
 <* darkneis with his torch. In the mean while 
 " beware thou touch not the waters of Lethe, 
 " and thus preferve the remembrance of thy 
 ** hufband, who will foon be with thee." By 
 which arrangement the beautiful image is pre- 
 ferred, without doing any injury to the fentiment/' 
 
 ESSAY on the STUDY of ANTIQUITIES, 
 P. 58. Ed. 2-\ Oxon. 1782. 
 
 REMARKS
 
 C S4 ) 
 
 REMARKS 
 
 O K 
 
 SPENSER. 
 
 TO SIR C. H A T T O N, 
 
 Prefixed to the Fairy Queen. 
 
 THOSE prudent heads, that with their counfels wife 
 Whilom the pillars of th' earth did fuflain, 
 And taught ambitious Rome to tyrannife, 
 And in the neck of all the world to reign, 
 Oft from thofe grave affairs were wont abftain, 
 With the fweet Lady Mufes for to play ; 
 
 To fufiain tit piUars of the earth, is a fcripture 
 phrafe. Pfal. Ixxv. 3. The earth and all the inha- 
 bitants thereof are diffohed. I bear up the pillars of it. 
 In the neck, ufed alfo by Spenfer in other places, 
 is taken from the Latin expreflion 'in cervicibus. 
 Cicero, De Nat. Deor. I. 20. hpofuijiis in cervi- 
 cibus nojtris fempiternum dominum. So he frequently 
 
 fpeaks.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 55 
 
 (peaks. Q^Curtius, VII. 7. Rex Scytbarum ra- 
 tus earn urbem, fuis impoftam ejjc cervlcibus. 
 Juftin, XXIX. 3 inurvicibus erant. See Salluft, 
 Fragm. III. 3. p. 42. and the notes ofWaffe. 
 
 INTRODUCTION TO THE FAIRY QUEEN. 
 
 S T A X 2. Ill, ^ 
 
 And thou moft dreaded imp of higheft Jove, 
 
 Fair Venus' fon 
 
 Lay now thy deadly heben bow apart, 
 
 And with thy mother mild come to mine ayd : 
 
 Come both, and with you bring triumphant Mart, 
 
 With loves and gentle jollities array'd, 
 
 After his murd'rous fpoiles and bloody rage allay*d. 
 
 Tibullus, addrefling himfelf to Cupid, II. I. 8l. 
 Sanfie, vfni dapibus ftftis ; fed pone fagittas 9 
 Et procal arfcntts bine procul abdc faces. 
 
 Ovid. Faft. III. i. 
 BtUice, dcpojitis cfyfeo pauUifper &? bojfa., 
 
 . odes ; cr .':::. ias c^fffJefohf comas. 
 
 Claudian. Prsef. ad II. in Ruf. 
 Fcrtitr & indomtus tandem poft pr*lia Mwors 
 
 Laffo per Odryfias fundere membra nivts ; 
 Obtttufpu Jm 9 pqfita dementior baft a, 
 
 Pifriis aures pacffcare modis. 
 
 E 4 Where
 
 56 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 Where perhaps he copied Pindar. Pyih. 
 
 ax/-t<fcti, tat/u 
 
 - Quinetiam violen- 
 t us Mars > a/per am ubi fepofuit 
 baftarum cufpidem, dektlat cor 
 tno cantu. 
 
 FAIRY CL^EEN, 
 
 BOOK I. CANTO I. 6. 
 
 thus as they paft, 
 
 The day with clouds was fudden overcaft^ 
 And angry Jove an hideous ftorm of rain 
 Did pour into his leman's lap To fad, 
 That every wight to fhroud it did conftrain, 
 
 Lucretius, I. 251. 
 
 pereunt i /fibres , ubi eos pater JEtker 
 In gremlum matrix Terra? pracipitavit. 
 
 Virgil. Georg. II. 325. 
 fum pater omnipotent fecundis imbribus 
 Ccnjugis in gremium latue defcendit 
 
 Herodotus
 
 REMARKS ON SPEN'SER. 57 
 
 Herodotus IV. 59. Speaking of the Scythians : 
 
 , x 
 
 bosjblos placant, Vejtam ante omnts; deinde Jovcm ac 
 
 Tetiurem ; extftimantes felkcrem Jovis conjugcm e/Je. 
 
 A X Z. VIII, 
 
 Much can they praife the trees foftreight and high, 
 The failing pine, the cedar proud and tall, 
 The vine-prop elme, the poplar never dry, 
 The builder oak, fole king of forrefts all, 
 The afpine good for ftaves, the cyprefs funeral, 
 
 The laurel, meed of mighty conquerors 
 And poets (age, the firr that ^sreepeth ftill, 
 The willow, worn of forlorn paramours, 
 The ewe obedient to the benders will, 
 The birch for lhafcs, the fallow for the mill, 
 The mirrhe, fweet bleeding in the bitter wound, 
 The warlike beech, the a(li for nothing ill, 
 The fruitful olive, and the platane round, 
 The carver holme, the maple feldom inward found t 
 
 Ovid. Met. X. 90. 
 
 N0n Cbaoms dhfuit arias, 
 KOH nemus HeliaJum, nan frontibus ejculus altis, 
 Non tilt* moUes, nfcfagus, ct tnnuba Ian 
 Et coryti fragile* 3 ct fraxtnus utilis baft is ; 
 Enodifque obits, curvataque gfondibus ilex, 
 
 Et
 
 58 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Et platanus genialis, acerque colonbus impar^ 
 Amnieolteqnejimulfalices, et aquatica lotos, 
 Perpetuoque virens buxvs, tenitefque myriccf, 
 Et bicokr myrtus, et baccis c<erula tinus : 
 Vosquoque fexipedes hedera ven:Jiis 9 et una 
 Pampinea vites, et amlcLt vitibus ulm'i : 
 Ornique, et pice*, pomoque onerata rubenti 
 Arbutus, et lent*, inRoris pramia, palm * : 
 Et fuccinfta comas, htrftitaque vert'ice pinus j 
 Adf'.ilt huic turb*, metas im:ja:a 9 cuprejfus* 
 
 Seneca, Oedip. 532. 
 
 Cupreffus alt is exfertns filvis caput 
 Virente femper alligat trunco nemus ; 
 Curvofque tendlt quercus et putresjitu 
 Annofa ramos : hujus abrupit latus 
 Edax vetttftas: ilia jam fefja cadens 
 Radite, fnlta pendet aliena trabe. 
 Amur a baccas laurus , et ////> kves ; 
 Et Papkia myrtus ; et per immenfuni mare 
 Motura remos alms ; et Ph<ebo obvia 
 Enode Zephyrh pinus opponent latHs* 
 
 Lucan. III. 440. 
 
 Procumbunt orni, nodofa rnpdlltur ilex, 
 Silvaque Dodones, ctjluftibus aptior alnu^ 
 Et non plebeios luftus tejlata cupreous : 
 ^Tunc primum pofuere comas* 
 
 Statius,
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 59 
 
 Statins, Theb. VI. 98. 
 
 cadit arduafagus, 
 
 baoniumqite nemos, brvmtque ntLtJa cupreffits, 
 Proatmbunt pec*, jlammis alimtnta fuprems 9 
 Ornique, ilice<eque t robes, ftietufndaoue fucco 
 Taxus, ft infandos belli potura cruores 
 Frazinus, atquefou non cxpugnabik robtir. 
 Hlnc attdax abies, et odora vitlntrt pious 
 Scia4ifur 9 acclimijit intonfa cactumna terra 
 ALws arnica frctis, nee inbofyita intibtu ulmus. 
 
 Claudian. R. Prof. II. 107. 
 Aptafretis abies, be&$ accommoda cornus, 
 Qitfrcus arnica Jovr, tutmtlos txftura cttprejju*, 
 Ikx plena favis, venturi pr*feia hums : 
 FhiEtuat tic denfo crifpata cacumm bxxus, 
 Hie eder* ferpunt, bic pamptntts induit ulmos. 
 
 Much CM they praife the trees fo ftreight and high. 
 
 Spenfer here, and in fome other places, ufes the 
 word can in a particular manner*. B. I. Canto I. 50. 
 \Vringing her hands in womens piteous wile, 
 17:0 can fhe weep to ftir up gentle ruth, 
 Both for her noble blood, and for her tender youth. 
 
 B. V. Canto VIII. 14, 
 So can they both themfelves full eath perfuade 
 To fair accordance, and both faults to fhade. 
 
 See II. 1.31. 
 
 * Upton underftands it for "gait, btgan : 
 
 The* *ga flie weep, &rc. EDIT. 
 
 S T A tf Z.
 
 f)Q REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. XX. 
 
 Therewith (he fpew'd out of her filthy maw 
 A flood of poifon horrible and black, 
 Full of great lumps of flefh and gobbets raw, 
 Which ilunk fo vildly ~ 
 
 Our poet paints very ftrong here, as he does alfo 
 in this book, Canto VIII. 47. 48. where he de- 
 fcribes Duefla. Longinus would have blam'd him 
 for it, who thus cenfures the Author of the Afpis : 
 
 T? ex [*iv pmuv fJ-vxi fiov. 
 
 Ou J/ap (^l^ou tVoirxri TO wJwAov, X^ /xio-rjlsti. . 9, 
 
 CK/ dijfimik eft illud Hefiodi de Triflltia^fi quidemjiatu- 
 e'fldumjitetiampoema illud dichwi Scutum effe Hefiodi, 
 
 Ejus ex naribus humores fluebant. 
 
 Ncyue enlm fecit imaginem terribilem, fed adiojam^ 
 
 S T A N Z. XXI. 
 
 As when old father Nilus 'gins to fwell 
 With timely pride above th* Egyptian vale s 
 His fatty waves do fertile flime outsell, 
 And overflow each plain and lowly dale ; 
 
 But
 
 SPKNSEl. 61 
 
 feat when his latter ebb 'gins to avail, 
 H-ge heaps of mod lie leaves, wherein th 
 
 Ten tbowfaod kinds of creatures, partly male 
 And partly female of his fruitful feed* 
 
 Again, B. IH. Canto VL 8. 
 So after Nilus* inundation 
 Infinite (hapes of creatures men do find, 
 Informed in the mud, on which the fun hath (hind* 
 
 Ovid. Met. 1. 422. 
 
 Niha, ft amtapofm* fxma reJt dan, 
 
 Ptoima txterar&rfs ati*6a 
 
 faraaut, ct m IKS q**tam mtA aipte fib ipjm* 
 
 TnacaviJnt moans: a odem im carfare f^pe 
 dbara pars vimil i rms tf pars afar* 
 
 Theophraflus, p. 474. "On^Agy 
 
 tritre oatem a amtenmu fe&r, Jed iBu mommzjert: 
 img ttifro memStm^ Jab*
 
 6?, REMARKS <*N SPENSER. 
 
 Plutarch.Sympof.il. p. 637. Ed. Parif. ZZ 
 
 Animalia autem perfefia et .Integra hodieque terra 
 pant: mures in JLgypto, '&c. 
 
 Macrobius, VII. 16. Perfefta autem in eaiordti 
 fieri potuijje teflinioni'o funt nunc quoque non pauca ani- 
 mantia, qucs de terra et imbre perfefta nafcuntur : ut in 
 mures, et alih in loch rana, ferpentef^ue^ &c. 
 
 Mela, I. 9. Nilus adeo efficacious aqitis ad ge- 
 xerandum, ut gkbis etiam infundat animas, ex ipfa~ 
 que humo vitalia ejfingat, &c. 
 
 JElian. de Animal. VI. 41; 
 
 Spertfer rightly calls the Nile Father. Pater is art 
 appellation common to all rivers, but more parti- 1 
 cularly to the Nile, as Broukhufius has obferved ori 
 Tibullus, I. VIII. 23. and many before him; 
 
 STANZ. XXXIV. 
 
 Thereby a cryftal ftream did gently play, 
 Which from a facred fountain welled forth ahvay. 
 
 So
 
 MARKS O SPENSER. 63 
 
 So jam. faaaa frequently occur in the ancient 
 poets. They are called &vm in fame infcripdoast 
 Nub. :~2. 
 
 Heads of rivers and fountains had temples and 
 altars erected to diem, and other divine honours 
 paid to them. See Grater's Infcript. N 94. 1072. 
 Fabretti, p. 432. Spon. Mifc, Enid. Ant. p. 31. 
 Cicero de Nat. Deor. HL 20. and Davies there. 
 Frontinus, de Aqnzd. p.225. Tacitiis,AnnaL XIV. 
 2. and LJpfiuS there. Seneca, Ep*L XU. Paina- 
 nias, VL 22. Scamander's Prieft, 'Afm^ y -y-^. 
 mentioned by Homer, IL .77. Horace, Cinn. IIL 
 
 ti: 
 
 Hefiod. E^. 737. 
 
 
 Empifam apM 
 
 Pchu traifto, frsmfaum orgvcris aJjpLiau p*kbr* 
 
 Mans btms 
 
 What follows is fHU better, 
 MS -stu o g*gpc -an?a*ui Ivr
 
 64 REMARKS ON SPENSERi 
 
 Neque unquam in alveo fluvlorum mare influentiuni$ 
 Neque fuper fontes meito ; quin valde evitato. 
 Neque incacato. 
 
 This was part of the religion of the Perfians. 
 J-Ierodotus I. 138. '$ 
 
 Coi/Jati 73-oIa/xj /xaAtja. / flumen nee immeiunt, 
 nee infpuunty nee manus ablttunt, nee alium Ifta facientent 
 negligent, fedflum'ma religiofffime colunt. 
 
 Strabo. Elf yotf TVolotfAOV JT' Vivvn, KT \IITT\WTO<.I Ilip- 
 
 Influviuni Perfa non immeiuntj 
 nee Icrvant, nee abluuntur, nee cadaver injic'mnt, nee 
 alia qvie immunda effe videantur. Vid. Herodot^ 
 <88. Ed, Gronov^ 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXVII. 
 
 Then chufing out few words mod horrible, 
 (Let none them read) thereof did verfes framcj 
 With which, and other fpells like terrible, 
 He bad awake black Pluto's griefly dame, - 
 A bold bad man, that dar'd to call by name 
 Great Gorgon, prince of darknefs and dead night, 
 At which Cocy uis quakes, and Styx is put to flight* 
 
 Gorgon
 
 :> 5?iycrr. 6$ 
 
 Gorgon : the lame, I foppofe, who is called Ds- 
 
 rr.ir-3-gr- rv c:ber o-em writers, szi by 5-- : -r -, 
 B, L Canto V. 22. 
 
 Which was begot in DaEmogorgoo's hafl. 
 
 IT. . 47 . 
 
 Where Pacoaogorgon In full darkle:"; 
 
 Far frcni die view of g 
 
 The hideous Chaos keeps. 
 
 They give die name of DBemogorgon to that ter- 
 rible namelcfs deity, of wbor i^d Starius 
 fpcak, when they introduce magicians threatning 
 the infernal gods. Scathn, Theb. IV. 514. 
 
 Samts tarn &yiuyaln 9 at/of* timetis, 
 E tuncn HtctttMy MM tt 9 jUoyjunx^ \ttrcrtr y 
 
 t trtpuOS WMNmt fUUUUB G3K9 JGTf MTffjpUB* 
 
 Locan. VI. 744. 
 
 Pontis? *msOe 
 
 -.:. ; : -:: :.-*_-: :i--J '.:.-. 
 trout i f Gorguaa tcrmt operta^ 
 
 tfu Jfefacrii S&ga $n fgcr* miss. 
 
 To die (ameDeitj he feems to aUode, VL 497.
 
 66 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Demogorgon is a name which perhaps was un- 
 known in the rime of Lucan and Statius. However 
 it is to be found in Lactantius. The Scholiaft of 
 Statius, on Theb. IV. 5 1 6. Didt deum Demogorgona 
 fummum. It is alfo to be found in Hyginus, page 1 1 . 
 Ex Demogorgone et 'Terra) Python, draco divinus ; 
 if the place be not corrupted. See Munker. 
 
 I find in Nataiis Comes V. 6. thefe words : Pro- 
 iiapis poet a in fuo Protocofmo natum fuijje Pana cum 
 friffus fororibus Parch e Demogorgone fcribit. 
 
 The fubject here treated of reminds me of a 
 paflage in Lucan, which feems to me not rightly 
 underflood, and which I mail endeavour to ex- 
 plain. Lucan 's Witch, Erichtho, begins her invo- 
 cation thus. VI. 695. Edit. Oudendorpii. 
 
 Eumenides, Stygiumque nefas, pcen<eqtte nocentum, 
 Et Chaos, innumeros avidum confundere mundos^ 
 Et Reflor terra? , quern longa in fecula torque t 
 Mors dilata 
 
 Where Lucan's Scholiaft fays : Reftor terra. 
 Tiitem patron dicit. Hie ncgat Deos femper viverc, 
 fed etiam eos quandoque perituros. Nibil enim cj/c 
 volant pcrpetuum Epicure! , qtios porta mmc fequitur. 
 Dilata adeo Centura eft, ji dilata per longa fecula. 
 
 To this Oudendorp adds : Jlii exponunt ; quia cum 
 
 i;:cr; vetis, .-////j. 
 
 The
 
 REMARKS OK SPEX5ER. 67 
 
 The Scholiaft takes dtum to be the genitive cafe 
 plural, and in that I think he is right : but he is 
 raiftaken when he fays, that Lucan follows the 
 Epicureans ; for the Epicureans afbribed immorta- 
 lity to their gods, that is, to the gods whole exif- 
 tence they pretended to believe, and whom they 
 placed in the Intfrmnndia y there to live in perfect 
 idlenefs. 
 
 As to the interpretation which Oudendorp follows, 
 I would gladly know what ancient authorities he 
 can find to favour it, and why this fame ReSor 
 Terr* fhould be fo tired with bis exlftence, and 
 want fo much to die. 
 
 I read, with the Scholiaft and fome editions : 
 
 Et RfQor tarr*, ytem longa infcatla torqust 
 Mvrs dikia Mm. 
 
 By Rector terr* the poet means Pluto, Dis pa- 
 tar, whom, if you pleale, you may call in Englifh, 
 tfx God of death, of deftniSiox-, he to whom all 
 things return when they die, and whofe empire 
 .attends over all things that are fubject to mutabi- 
 lity and dillblution ; and who may fay, as Chaos in 
 Milton ; 
 
 Havock, and fpoil, and ruin are my gain. 
 
 Cicero De Nat. Deor. II. 26. Tfrraia autem vis 
 
 -9nnds dfqae natwra Dili patri dfduata eft: qul Dives, 
 
 Fa ;
 
 68 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 tit apttdGrtfcos IUra>v, quia et recidant omnia in terras, 
 (t oriantur e terris. Here you fee why Pluto is 
 called by Lucan Reftor terra. See Davies on that 
 place of Cicero* 
 
 In Claudian, Lachefis fays to Pluto, R. Prof, 
 1- 57- 
 
 quifinem cuxRis et femina probes, 
 Nffcendique vices alterna nwrte rependis .' 
 Qui vitam letumqtte regis^ (nam quicquid ubiqttc 
 Gignit matcries, hoc te donante creatur, 
 Debeturque tibi \) 
 
 In Statins, Theb. VIII. 91. Amphiaraus fays to 
 him : 
 
 O cunBis fliiitor maxime rerum ; 
 At mill, qui quondam cauffas ehmentaque nor am ^ 
 Et fator. 
 
 Where fee Barthius. 
 Ovid. Met. X. 17. 
 
 O po/iti fub terra numina mundi, 
 In quern recidimus quicquid mortale creamur. 
 
 Claudian, Rapt. Prof. I. 
 
 opibus quorum donatur avaris 
 
 Qnicquid in orbe -peril. 
 
 This god therefore is here reprefented by Lucan 
 as uneafy at the long life of the gods, the poet 
 iuppofing that the gods fhould at laft perifh, ac- 
 cording
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 69 
 
 cording to the Stoical dodrine, which held them 
 all mortal, except Jupiter, the fupreme God. 
 Lucan then makes his witch talk Stoically here ; 
 and fo he does before, 7615. 
 
 At firmd a prima defccit&t origine mttndi 
 Cateffitrum f tries * atque cmxiafata labor ant, 
 Si QHidquam imttare vf/is, mcqui fub i8u 
 Stat gtnus bvmanum - y tune, Tbe/ala turba fatemvr, 
 Fortuna poteft. 
 
 Where by Fcrtuna he means Nature, Stoical 
 : I 9fif . 
 
 I find that Mr. Rov.-e has miiunderflood the 
 lines I am examining, tranflating them thus : 
 
 And thou, fole arbiter of all below, 
 Pluto, whom ruthiefs fates a god ordain, 
 And doom to immortality of pain. 
 
 S T A K Z. XXXIX. 
 
 He making fpeedy way through fperfed air, 
 And through the world of waters wide and deep, 
 To Morpheus' houfe doth haflily repair. 
 Amid the bowels of the earth full fteep, 
 And low, where dawning day doth never peep, 
 
 dwelling is ; there Thetis his wet bed 
 DC ^(h, and Cynthia ftill doth fteep 
 
 In
 
 JO REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 In filver dew his ever-drooping head, 
 Whiles fad night over him her mantle black dotji 
 fpread. 
 
 And more to lull him in his (lumber foft, 
 
 A trickling ftream from high rock tumbling 
 
 down, 
 
 And ever-drizling rain upon the loft, 
 Mixt with a murmuring wind, much like the 
 
 found 
 
 Of fwarming bees, did caft him in a fwoon : 
 No other noife, nor peoples troublous cries, 
 As ftill are wont t' annoy the walled town 
 Might there be heard : but carelefs Quiet lies, 
 Wrapt in eternal filence, far from enemies. 
 
 This defcription is very elegant, as Mr. Hughes 
 has obferved. We may compare it with Ovid, 
 Met. XI. 592. and Statins, Theb. X. 84. 
 
 Ovid, whom Spenfer imitates : 
 
 Eft -preps Cimmerios Icngo fpetunca receffu, 
 Mons cavils, ignavi domus et penetralia Scmni : 
 Quo numquam radiis criens, mediitfoe, cadenfue 
 Pbxbus adire poteft. Nebula taligine mixt<e 
 Exbalantur humo, dubi<cque crepufcula lucis. 
 Non vigil ales ibi criflati cantibus cris 
 
 ILvocat duroram : 
 
 Non fera y non pecudes, r.on moti fiamine ranri, 
 Human<eve fcnum reddunt convicia lingua. 
 Muta Quies habitat. Saxo tamen exit ab too
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 7! 
 
 Rivu s aqu Letbes : per quern cum murmure labens 
 Invitat Jomnos crepitantibus unda lapillis, &c. 
 
 Statius : 
 
 Stat fupsr occidu<e mbulofa cubilia No His 
 Mtbiopafquc alias, nulli penetrabilis aftro 
 Lucus iners, fubterque c avis grave rupibus antrum 
 It vacuum in montem, qua dejidis atria Somni 
 Securumque larcm fegnis Natura locavif. 
 Otia vejlibuhy prejjifque Silentia pennis 
 Muta fedent, abiguntque truces a culmhie ventes, 
 Et ramos err are i-etant, et murmur a demunt 
 Alitibus. Non bic pelagi, licet omnia clament 
 Lit or a, non illic cidifragor. Ipfe profundis 
 Vallibus effugiens fpelunc<e proximus amms 
 Saxa inter i fcopulcjque facet, &c. 
 
 Statius admits of no kind of noife; Ovid of 
 none but that which a murmuring ftream makes. 
 Spenfer has very juftly introduced the trickling 
 ftream^ ever-drizling rain* find murmuring wind. 
 See Broukhulius on Tibullus I. i. 47. 
 
 dut, gelidas bibernus aquas quum fuderit Aujler* 
 Securum fomnos, imbre juvante, fequi. 
 
 His murmuring wind, mucb like tbe found of fw arm- 
 ing bees, feems to be from Virgil, Eel. I. 54. 
 
 Hinc tibi, qu<e femper vicino ab llmite fepes, 
 HyMteis apibus fiorem depaftafalifti, 
 Steps levi fomnum fu^ud.; inire fufurro. 
 
 F 4 We
 
 72 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 We may obfervc that Spenfer makes Morpheus 
 the God of Sleep ? wheveas in Ovid, Morpheus is one 
 of the Somnia, one of the children of Somnus : 
 but ne thought, I fuppofe, that Morpheus was a 
 name that would make a better figure in Engliih 
 poetry than Sleep, or Somnus, or Hypnus, or 
 Onirus. 
 
 s T A N z. XL. 
 
 Whofe double gates he findeth locked fad, 
 The one fair fram'd of burnilh'd ivory, 
 The other all with filvcr overcaft. 
 
 One is of horn, and the other of ivory, fay Homer 
 and Virgil. 
 
 OdyfiT. T. 563. 
 
 yo(> re sruAai ptvwuv MW cvtiguv ' 
 A fji.iv y 
 
 enim port<e debilium funt fomniorum : 
 Un# quidem enim cornibusjaR* funt ^ alter* autem,cbcrs. 
 
 jEn. VI. 893. 
 
 Sunt gemma Somni port a : quarum alt era fertur 
 
 Cornea^ 
 
 Altera^ candenti perfefta nit ens elephant o. 
 
 S T A N Z.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 73 
 
 S T A N Z. XLII. 
 
 The meflenger approaching to him fpoke, 
 But his wafte words return 'd to him in vain : 
 So found he fiept, that nought mought him awake. 
 Then rudely he him thruft, and pufh'd with pain, 
 Whereat he 'gan to ftretch : but he again 
 Shook him fo hard, that forced him to (peak. 
 As one then in a dream, vrhofe dryer brain 
 Is toft with troubled fights and fancies weak, 
 He mumbled foft, but would not all his (Hence 
 break. 
 
 Ovid. Met. XI. 617. 
 
 Veftufmigon rtbixit 
 
 Seer* demas: terdaquc Deus gravitate jacoifes 
 Fix *c*bs tcttais ; i:ervnsa*t ittntmqmc rtlobns, 
 Summoqm* perculitiu wtianti pfffera 
 
 Statius, Tlieb. X. 121. 
 
 Jpfe atttem nee l&apadt flora, 
 jfcc/amlUy mec vsce dc* psradfus, codem 
 Mmrejacet. DGJKC radios fboMuantias. mxes 
 Jmpulit, ixque cubs ptmtus defcndit inertes. 
 Dixit, et incrfpitttiu langunti* peffera dextra, 
 Ne ptreaxt voces* ilentmque i! manque monsbat. 
 Vie &*j*fu date* mixtumfpu foperi 
 Jbaudt. 
 
 c A v re
 
 ^4 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 CANTO II. 3. 
 
 Eftfoons he took that mifcreated fair. 
 
 Mr. Addifon was miflaken in thinking that yiif- 
 ireated was a word of Milton's coining. Spenfcr 
 vfes it again, II. vn. 42. and in other places. 
 
 s T A N z. vi. 
 He could not reft, but did his flout heart eat. 
 
 *Ov Svpov xaleSuv. Homer. Which Cicero tranf- 
 lates : Ipfg fuum cor edens. Spenfer ufes the fame 
 expreffion VI. ix. 39. and in Mother Hubberd's 
 Tale. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXIV. 
 
 Then forth I Went his woeful corfe to find, 
 And many years throughout the world I flray'cj 
 A virgin widow, whofe deep-wounded mind 
 With love, long time did languifti as the flricken 
 hind. 
 
 From Virgil, ^En. IV. 65. 
 Uritur infclix Dido, totaque vagatur 
 Urbe furtns : quails ccnjcEfa cerva fagitta, 
 Quam procul incautarn nemora inter Crejlafixit 
 Pajlor agens tdis y liqititque volatile f err um 
 Nefcius. Ilia fuga filvas faltufque peragrat 
 b*eret la ten hi alts aritndo. 
 
 Upon
 
 REMARKS ON T SPENSER. 
 
 75 
 
 Upon which lines Servius remarks : fatis congrua 
 ccmparatio. That was faying too little. 
 
 CANTO in. 5. 
 
 It fortuned, out of the thickeil wood 
 A ramping lion rufhed fuddtnly, 
 Hunting full greedy after falvage blood. 
 Soon as the royal virgin he did fpy, 
 With gaping mouth at her ran greedily. 
 
 ran for be r^n, 
 
 Soil. vi. i. 
 
 A harder leflbn, to learn continence 
 
 In joyous pleafure, than in grievous pain. 
 
 For, // is a harder. 
 II. vi. 8. 
 
 So eafy was to quench his flamed mind. 
 For, It -. 
 II. vrii. 4. 
 
 Is iron .coat all overgrown with ruft, 
 Was underneath enveloped with gold, 
 Whofe glitfring glofs darkned with filthy duft, 
 Well it appeared to have been of old 
 A work of rich entail, and curious mold. 
 
 Here I think darkned is put for was darkned \ and 
 therefore I would place a full flop after duft. 
 
 Sonnet
 
 j6 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Sonnet XXXI. 
 
 Ah, why hath Nature to fo hard a heart 
 Given fo goodly gifts of beautie's grace ? 
 "VVhofe pride depraves each other better part, 
 And all thofc precious ornaments deface. 
 
 deface, for does deface. 
 Sonnet LVI. 
 
 Fair be ye (lire, but proud and pitilefs, 
 
 As is a ftorm, that all things doth proftratc; 
 
 Finding a tree alone all comfortlefs, 
 
 Beats on it ftrongly it to ruinate. 
 
 Inftead of, Wbicb finding a tree, &c. 
 Daphnaida : 
 
 Whatever man he be, whofe heavy mind, &c. 
 
 Let read the ruful plaint herein 'expreft. 
 
 For, Let bim read. 
 
 *T'be Tears of the Mufes : 
 
 And all her fitters rent their golden hairs, 
 And their fair faces with fait humour fteep, 
 
 Jteep for didfteep, &c. &c. &c. 
 
 S T A N Z. XX. 
 
 Him booteth not rcfift, nor fuccour call, 
 His bleeding heart is in the vengcr's hand. 
 
 This
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 77 
 
 This venger is a lion. To be in tbe band of a lion 
 feems a bold expreffion, xxfox^uwJum//***, as the 
 Greeks (ay. So again, n. xi. 33. 
 
 And as a bear, whom angpy curs have touz'd, 
 Having off-fhak'd them, and efcap'd their hands, 
 Becomes more fell. - 
 
 Daniel vi. 27. Wlo bath delivered Daniel from tie 
 band of the lions. 
 
 Pfalrn xxii. 20. Deliver my darling from tbeband 
 9/ tbe dog. See the Commentators. 
 
 s T A N z. xxi. 
 
 With pains far paflingthat long-wandring Greek, 
 That for his love refufed Deity. 
 
 In Homer, OdyiT. E. Calypfo, endeavouring to 
 perfuade Ulyfles today with her, tells him araongfl 
 other things, 
 
 b t t u\ r& Kip*. 
 
 -srto 
 TT; *1> s&Jssu r. 
 
 Ctrie bic manens una mecum bane domum cuftc.. 
 lamortatjfque ejfes, quantunfuis cupidusjis videndi 
 Titan* uxcrem, cujus ufaue dffider'io teneris dies oianesi. 
 
 But, he thank'd her, and defir'd leave to go home. 
 
 S T A N Z.
 
 78 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXI. 
 
 And fcorch ing flames of fierce Orion's hound. 
 
 Sirius: Homer. II. X. 29. 
 
 Ov rf xuv' liuv> *7nxX]<rjv KaAfVt. 
 
 CANTO IV. 28. 
 
 But both from back and belly ftill did fparc, 
 To fill his bags, and riches to compare. 
 to compare riches, comparare divitias. 
 
 So III. vi 1 1. 40. 
 
 For every fhape on him he could endue. 
 endue, induere. 
 III. vin. 51. 
 
 till morrow next again 
 
 Both light of heaven, and ftrength of men relate. 
 
 to relate, referre. 
 
 III. xi. 14. 
 
 And ever in your noble heart prepenfe, 
 That all the forrow in the world is lefs 
 Than virtue's might. 
 
 prepenfe, perpende tecum* or prius perpended 
 
 III. xi. 25. 
 
 So to her void the flames, and did their force revolt. 
 
 to revolt, revohere, retro referre, to draw back. 
 
 IV.
 
 REMARKS ON SPIKSZR. 79 
 
 . I. 2 7 . 
 
 And as her tongue, fo was her heart difcided. 
 
 IV. V . 33. 
 
 There where the moulder'd earth had cav'd the 
 bank. 
 
 to cave, carvart. 
 
 IV. vi. 43. /* rectrt, reverti. 
 
 . 
 
 And Phoebos flying fo moft (hameful fight, 
 His blufhing face in foggy cloud implies. 
 
 impGts, impfoat, imfait. See I. xi. 25. 
 IV. vii. 40. 
 
 - His fiiir locks - 
 He lee to grow, and griefly to concrew. 
 to ce*cresff f corner ff cert. 
 
 III. xi. 46. 
 
 And round about, a bonier was entrail'd 
 Of broken bows and arrows fluverVi Jhcr- . 
 And a long bloody river through them rail'd, 
 
 So liTely and fo like, that living fenfe it faii'cL 
 
 to fail the fenjt, faSere ; to dative tbefatfc* end to 
 
 kemrtal. 
 
 VI. viii. 
 
 At laft the cahive, after long diicourie, 
 
 en all his fbokes he fa-ar avoided quite, &c. 
 
 VI.
 
 So REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 difcourfe, difcurfus: after long difcourfe> after Jhlf ting 
 ground^ and traverjing to and fro. 
 
 V. xi. 50. 
 
 Ay me ! that ever guile in women was invented ! 
 invented, found, from invenio, &c. &c. 
 
 Spenfer abounds with fuch Latinifms, which 
 makes me think that in II. ix. 48. (where he 
 fays of Neftor, 
 
 Nor that fage Pylian fire, which did furvive 
 Three ages fuch as mortal men contrive, ) 
 contrive may be from ccnterere : conterere <etatem. 
 
 & This expofition is adopted by Warburton, 
 in his notes on Shakefpear, Vol. II. p. 47. 
 
 Edwards, in his Canons of Criticifm, p. 90, re- 
 jects this interpretation of contrive, and fays " I 
 do not at prefent recolleft any Englifh verbs 
 formed from the preterperfeft tcnfe of the Latin, 
 except fuch as come to us through French words 
 fo formed." 
 
 As the interpretation is mine, it concerns me to 
 defend it : and I obferve that, though this verb 
 were irregularly formed, it would be a flight ob- 
 jeclion ; becaufe Spenfer is an inaccurate writer, 
 and a great innovator. But we have examples of 
 3 fuch
 
 ON 
 
 Sf 
 
 fuch words in our language, as to fremfc, to prt- 
 mft, to Jtmiff, &c. &c. 
 
 S T A H Z. XXI. 
 
 And next ro him malicious Envy rode 
 Upon a ravenous wolf* and ftill did chaw 
 Between his cankred teeth a venemous tode, 
 
 zt all the poifon ran about his jaw; 
 But inwardly he chawed his own maw 
 At neighbours wealth, that made him erer fad ; 
 For death it was when any good he few, 
 And wept that caufe of weeping, none he had : 
 But when he heard of harm he wexed wondrous glad. 
 
 See another, and a longer, defcripdon of Enrr, 
 V. xii. 29, ^ 
 
 This is from Ovid, Met. IL 607. 
 
 HAft farts e&xttm 
 
 Vtfereas canes, intiantm *limataftt*nar, 
 trautiam : vifapu codes a^rrt-t. At iBa 
 S*rgit hntopigra: jujfagr txtr&t ixtrti. 
 Utquf deam &( formajgt armiffge decwam, 
 hganit: c^/juqa^ rmaadjvfprrn dxxit.^ 
 RiftisabeJIi mfo yum vfc **v fr*&b* e*. 
 Nee fntitxr fom*^ vifs 
 
 SfJ vulet agrafes, intakjtitqtu vutad** 
 
 carfitque el carpiiur mus. 
 tenet Ucrimts j yaa ml lacrimakilt armt. 
 
 G
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 CANTO V. 2. 
 
 At laft the golden Oriental gate 
 
 Of greateft heaven 'gan to open fair, 
 
 And Phoebus frefti as bridegroom to his mate, 
 
 Came dancing forth, fliaking his dewy hair. 
 
 Pfalm xix. 5. In them bath he fet a tabernacle for 
 the fun ; which comet b forth as a bridegroom out of 
 his chamber, and rejoicetb as a giant to run bis 
 courfe. 
 
 S T A N Z. XIII. 
 
 Therewith his heavy hand he high 'gan rear, 
 Him to have flain ; when lo, a darkfome cloud 
 Upon him fell : he no where doth appear, 
 But vanifiYd is. The Elf him calls aloud 
 But anfwer none receives : the darknefs him does 
 
 fhroud. 
 
 Not all fo fatisfy'd with greedy eye 
 He fought all round about, his thirfly blade 
 To bathe in blood of faithlefs enemy, 
 Who all the while lay hid in fecret fhade. 
 
 Copied from Homer, II. r. 379. 
 
 'Pilot f*Y, wjr ^PJ* IxaAu^f <P ^' HEPI HOAAHL
 
 REMARKS ON SPEXSER 83 
 
 HU ven itermm hrtst hfcrfcere ntpicms 
 Ha/la *rem. JOmm -cere erifmt Fens 
 ntptte&a: eecpcrtat atit 
 
 Jftruks ver per txrbtm v*gabat*r fcr* 
 
 $ T A H Z. 
 
 Dueflk (ays to Night : 
 O thou moft ancient grandmother of all, 
 More old than JOTC, whom tbou at fiiftdidll breed. 
 Here Night is made to be the mother of the Gods. 
 In his Hymn to Love, and in Colin Clout's Come 
 Home Again, Love is described i lie mike: c: :h; 
 world; for both which Spenfer had the authority 
 of ancient Cofmogonifts. See Cudworth, Intel!. 
 Syfh p. 120, 248, 488. In Homer, Jupiter pays 
 great refpeft to Night. " Jupkcr would have 
 deftroyed me," (ays Somnus, 
 
 A^ Nncdewdtrix fantm fcroejtt ft 
 
 %u*m cJi'xfmgieiu: Me MMtem cobikat fe trmtus Beet: 
 
 Vcrtbatwr emm 9f NoSi teleri ayrttm amm* facer it. 
 
 ILH.250. 
 
 s T A
 
 84 REMARKS ON- SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXI II. 
 
 If old Aveugle's fons fo evil hear ? 
 'Tarn male audiunt. x*xw? mcwn. 
 Milton, III. 7. 
 Or heard thou rather, pure, ethereal flream. 
 
 By the way, it may not be amifs to obferve, that 
 this paffage in Milton feems partly copied from 
 the Wifdom of Solomon. 
 
 Hail, holy light, offspring of heaven firft born, 
 Or of th' Eternal coeternal beam 
 May I exprefs thee, unblam'd ? fince God is light, 
 And never but in unapproached light 
 Dwelt from eternity, dwelt then in thee, 
 Bright effluence of bright eflence increate. 
 Or heard thou rather, pure, ethereal ftream, 
 Whofe fountain who (hall tell ? 
 
 [Wifdom] is the breath of the power of God, and 
 a pure influence ([or ftrearn] flowing from the glory 
 of tie Almighty. She is the brigbtnefs of the ever- 
 lajling light. VII. 25, 
 
 T A N 7...
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 85 
 
 S T A N Z. XXX. 
 
 Sptakir.g cr~ X:gh: : 
 
 And all the while (he ftood upon the ground, 
 The wakeful dogs did never ceafe to bay, 
 jiving warning of th' unwonted found, 
 Wi-Ji which her iron wheels did them affray. 
 And her dark griefiy look them much difmay. 
 The mefTengcr of death, the ghaftly owl, 
 With dreary fhrieks did her alfo bewray ; 
 And hungry wolves continually did howl 
 At her abhorred face, fo filthy and fo fouL 
 
 There is an impropriety of expreffion in the fifth 
 line. He fhould have (aid : her darkgriefy lock did 
 elfi much difmay them. 
 
 He has here applied to Night, what the ancient 
 Poets fay of Hecate. Theocritus, II. 12. 
 
 Et adHecataifubterraneam, qtiam ctiam catuli timent 
 Cum inccditpcrmortuarumfcj>uUra t et atntmfartgnii 
 
 Idem. 35. 
 
 ' 
 
 :,' O 
 
 G 3
 
 86 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Tbeftyli, canes nobis per urbem latrant* 
 Dea adeft in triviis. 
 
 Apollonius III. 
 
 Concerning Hecate's dogs, fee Virgil, Mn. VI. 
 257. Tibullus I. ii. 52. Horace Serm. I. vni. 
 Seneca Oedip. 569. Med. 840. Thyeft. 675. 
 Statius Theb. IV. 428. Lucan VI. 733. 
 
 Tzetzes, on Lycophron, verfe 77. fpeaking 
 of Rhea and Hecate, fays that they facrificed dogs 
 to them; for the barking of a dog makes fpeclres 
 difappear, as does alfo the found of brafs. u'<n & 
 
 aJlai? xuva'f, w? ^P>l(r* Sw^pwy iv Mfytttt' o yotf KVUV 
 
 y, fays, H' 'Exa1j laupoj, xuwu, 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXI. 
 
 Speaking of Avernus : 
 
 By that fame hole, an entrance, dark and bafe, 
 With fmoke and fulphur hiding all the place, 
 Defcends to hell. 
 
 Virgil. jEn. VI. 237. 
 Spelunca aha //"/, vaftoque inmanis hiatu, 
 Scrupea, tuta lacu nigro nemorumque tenebris j 
 Quam fuper baud ull<e poterant> &c. 
 
 *' IBID
 
 REMARKS OK SPENSER. 87 
 
 IBID. 
 
 There creature never paft, 
 That back returned without heavenly grace. 
 
 Virgil, ^n. VI. 128. 
 
 Sfd revocare gradum, fuptrafque evader e ad auras, 
 Hoc opus, bic labor (ft. Pond aaos equus amavit 
 Jupiter, out ardent eue&t ad *tbera virtus, 
 Dis gfiiti potuere. 
 
 STANZ. xxriv. 
 
 Before the threfeold, dreadful Cerberus 
 His three deformed heads did lay along, 
 Curled with thoufand adders venemous. 
 And lilled forth his bloody flaming tongue: 
 At them he 'gan to rear his bri fries ftrong, 
 And felly gnarre, until Day's enemy 
 Did him appeafe ; then down his taile he hoag, 
 And fuffer'd them to paflen quietly: 
 For (he in hell and heaven had power equally. 
 
 TI Virgil, JEn.VI. 4 i7. 
 
 Cerberus b*c iugau Tatratu rt%na trifaud 
 Pfrfiuat adverjb recubans itmnit nr axtro. 
 Cxi votes, borrere vidfusjam coOa cobtbris, 
 MtUe faporatOM et medicatis frugibus off am 
 Ofyu-ii. HU fame rabida trla gtttura paadns 
 
 G 4 Comfit
 
 88 JREMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 Corripit objeftam, atque iiimama terga refolvit 
 Fufus humi, totoque ingeus extenditur antro. 
 
 The laft line is alfo taken from Virgil, JLn. VI, 247. 
 Hecaten cceloqu? ereboque potentem. 
 
 According to Hefiod, Cerberus was very civil 
 to all who came in, but would not let them go 
 out again. Sio'y. 770. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxvu. 
 
 Hippolytus a jolly huntfman was, 
 
 That wont in chariot chace the foaming boar. 
 
 They did not ufe to go a hunting in chariots. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxviii. 
 
 Speaking of the death of Hippolytus : 
 
 From furging gulf two monfters flreight were 
 
 brought, 
 
 With dread whereof his chafing deeds aghaft 
 Both chariot fwift and huntfman overcaft, &c. 
 
 The ancient authors who relate this ftory, fay tha 
 it was one monfler, not tico, that Neptune feni 
 againft Hippolytus. So fay Euripides, Ovid, 
 Seneca Trag. Hyginus, Servius, Plutarch De 
 Fortuna Rom. pag. 314. and others. It is noi 
 unlikely that our Poet had Virgil in view 
 #n. VII. 780. 
 
 Juvenen
 
 KEMARXS OX SPENSER, 89 
 
 If Spenfer took bis two morifters from this 
 paflage, he had not diffident authority for it. 
 Mntftr* in Virgil may mean, firft, a noife like 
 thunder, and then a very high lea, which landed 
 a monder; all which mcmftra frightened the horfes 
 of Hippolytus. Or Virgil might ufe mox/his for 
 nsoffjrro, as he has elfewhere. Natalis Comes, and 
 Lloyd in bis Dictionary, fay, that the horfes of 
 Hippolytus were frightened, not by mt monfter, 
 but by die Pboc*. They produce no authorities 
 for k; and I fufped that they had none to produce. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXIX. 
 
 Spenfer goes on: 
 
 His cruel ftep-dame feeing what was done, 
 Her wicked days with wretched knife did end ; 
 In death avowing th* innocence of her (on. 
 Which hearing, his rafh fire began to rend 
 His hair, and hafty tongue that did offend : 
 Who gathering up die reficks of his (mart 
 By Dian's means, who was Hippolyt*s friend, 
 Them brought to ./Efculape, that by his art 
 
 Did heal them aH again, and joyned every part. 
 Such wondrous fcience in man's wit to reign 
 When Jove aviz'd, that could the dead revive, 
 And Fates expired could renew again ; 
 Of endleU life he might him not deprive, 
 
 B-:
 
 90 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 But unto hell did thruft him down alive, 
 With flafhing thunderbold y wounded fore : 
 Where long remaining, he did always ftrive 
 Himfelf with falves to health for to reftore, 
 And flake the heavenly fire, that raged evermore. 
 
 From Virgil, JEn. VII. 765. 
 Namq; ferunt fama Hippolytum, pqftquam arte novere<e 
 Occident, patriafque explerit fanguine p<enas, 
 furbath dijlrafius eouis, adfidera rurfus 
 jEtberea et fuperas cceli venijje fub auras, 
 Paoniis revocatum herbis, et amors Diana. 
 Turn pater omnipotent, aliquem tndignatus ab umbris 
 Mortalcm infernis ad lumma furgere vita, 
 Jpfe repertorem medicine talis et artis 
 Fulmine Ph<ebigenam Stygias detrujit ad undas. 
 
 What Spenfer fays of ^Efculapius endeavouring to 
 heal his wounds, is his own, I believe, and is finely 
 imagined. He fays Phaedra killed herfelf with 
 wretched knife. In Seneca's Hippolytus, Phsedra 
 flabs herfelf with a fword. The more common 
 opinion is that (he hanged herfelf. Obferve this 
 expreflion, 
 
 began to rend 
 His hair, and hafty tongue. 
 
 Did he rend his tongue ? No; but the paflage muft 
 be fupplied thus, or in fome fuch manner began 
 to rend his bair^ and (to blame, to curfc) his tongue , &V . 
 
 If
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 91 
 
 If any one cenfure this expreffionof Spenfer*s, he 
 muft condemn all the ancients, in whofe writings 
 this fort of ellipfis is frequent. See Davies on 
 Cicero De Nat. Deor. I. 17. on the Epitome of 
 Lactantius, p. 199. and the Commentators on 
 St. Paul to Timothy, I. iv. 3. 
 
 S T A X Z. XLVII. 
 
 There was that great proud king of Babylon, &c, 
 See Daniel iii. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 And proud Antiochus, the which advaunc'd 
 His curfed hand 'gainft God, and on his altars dauncM. 
 
 From Maccabees i. i. 
 
 S T A N Z. XLVII I. 
 
 And them long time before great Nimrod was, 
 Who firft the world with fword and fire warraid ; 
 And after him, old Ninus far did pafs 
 In princely pomp, of all the world obey'd. 
 There alfo was that mighty Monarch laid 
 Low under all, 
 
 We are to underftand by this, that Nimrod and 
 Ninus were there, as well as Croefus, Antiochus, &c. 
 But it is carelefsly exprefs'd. 
 
 S T A N Z.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 STANZ. XLVI. TO STANZ. LII. 
 
 " In the dungeon, among the captives of Pride, 
 w the Poet has reprefented Nebuchadnezzar, 
 " Crcefus, Antiochus, Alexander, and feveral 
 " other eminent pcrfons, in circumftances of the 
 " utmoft ignominy. The moral is truly noble." 
 Mr. HUGHES, in his Remarks. I agree with this 
 Gentleman ; but I' think Spenfer was very injudU 
 eious in placing Scipio amongft them, Stanz. 49. 
 which ever of the Scipios he meant. I take it for 
 granted that he meant Scipio Africanus. 
 
 STANZ. L. 
 
 Fair Sthenobcea, that her felf did choke 
 With wilful cord. 
 
 Quaere. Whether any ancient writer fays that 
 Sthenoboea hanged herfelf. Hyginus fays me 
 killed her felf, without mentioning how. We 
 learn from Ariftophanes that me poifoned herfelf, 
 Ran. 1082. 
 
 "Or* -ytwKiots ^ yivvouw dvfywv 
 
 fays ^fchylus there to Euripides, reproaching him 
 for introducing Sthenoboea upon the ftage. Scholiaft. 
 
 difpatch'd
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 93 
 
 difpatch'd herfelf with hemlock. It is haxtHy 
 worth obferving, that Ariftophanes and the Scho- 
 liaft call her 
 
 CANTO VI. I. 
 
 As when a fhip, that flies fair under fail, 
 A hidden rock efcaped hath unwares, 
 That lay in wait her wrack for to bewail ; 
 The mariner yet half amazed flares 
 At peril paft, and yet in doubt ne dares 
 To joy at his fool-hardy overfight. 
 
 So Fol. Edit. 1679. Either Spenfer by mid yet 
 in doubt, means and yet is in doubt, and according 
 to his cuftom drops the verb ; or he is to be thus 
 underftood, :Tke manner yet half amazed, and yet in 
 doubt, flares, &c. Take it as you will, there fhould 
 be a Comma or Semicolon after doubt. To bewail 
 far wrack feems unintelligible. 
 
 s T A N z. x. 
 
 As when a greedy wolf through hunger fell 
 A filly lamb far from the flock does take, 
 Of whom he means his bloody feaft to make, 
 A lion fpies faft running towards him, 
 The innocent prey in hafte he does forfake, 
 Which quit from death, yet quakes in every lioi 
 With change of fear, to fee the lioa look fo grim. 
 
 Here
 
 94 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Here again is a faulty expreffion : As when a 
 wolf- takes a lamb -Jpies a lion he does for fake his 
 prey. But the fimile is pretty, and partly taken 
 from Homer, II. A. 479. 
 
 JIAIV [fAaipo'/! Sutg iv ?<rt 
 *Ev vitl rxif w* tOt rt \~v 
 
 Cruda-vor antes eum [cervum] tJooes in montibus dild' 
 
 niando vorant, 
 
 In nemore umbrofo : leonem autem adducit fortuna 
 Exitialem : turn thoes quidem difugiunt, fed ille vefcitur. 
 
 STAN Z. XIV. 
 
 So towards old Silvanus they her bring : 
 Who with the noife awaked cometh out, 
 To weet the caufe, his weak fteps governing 
 And aged limbs on cyprefs ftadle ftout. 
 By view of her he 'ginneth to revive 
 His ancient love, and deareft CyparifTe, 
 And how he flew with glancing dart amifs 
 A gentle hind, the which the lovely boy 
 Did love as life, above all worldly blifs ; 
 For grief whereof the lad n'ould after joy, 
 But pin'd away in anguim and felf-will'd annoy. 
 
 Ovid. Met. X. 130. 
 
 Hum [cervum] puer imprudent jaculo CypariJJits acuto 
 Fixit : et ut fevo morientem vulnere vidit, 
 
 Veto
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 95 
 
 Velk vtorifatuit. %u* non folatia Pbehis 
 Dixit f et ul kviter, pro materiaque doltrtt, 
 Admonuit. Gemit ilU tamen : munujque fupremwn 
 Hoc petit afupms, ut tempore lugeat omm. 
 
 Virgil. Georg. I. 20. 
 Et tenfram ab ra3ueferfns s Sifoane, cuprcfum. 
 
 Where fee Servius. 
 
 s T A N z. xxrv. 
 
 For all he taught the tender imp, was but 
 To banifh cowardize and baftard fear ; 
 His trembling hand he would him force to put 
 Upon the lion and the rugged bear, 
 And from the (he bear's teats her whelps to tear : 
 And eke wild roaring bulls he would him make 
 To tame, and ride their backs not made to bear ; 
 And the roebucks in flight to overtake, 
 That even- beafl for fear of him did fly and quake. 
 
 His loving mother came upon a day 
 Unto the woods, to fee her little fon ; 
 And chanc'd unwares to meet him in the way, 
 After his fports and cruel paftime done ; 
 When after him a lionefs did run, 
 That roaring all with rage, did loud requere 
 Her children dear* whom he away had wone : 
 The lions whelps flie faw how he did bear, 
 And lull in ragged arms, withouten childifh fear. 
 
 Copied
 
 96 REMARKS ON SPENSER* 
 
 Copied from what Statius fays of Achilles, 
 Achill. I. 159. where Thetis went to fee her fon : 
 Ilk aderat multo fudore et pulvere major.- 
 fatam Pboloes fub rupem leanam 
 Percukrat ferro, vacitifque reliqutrat antris 
 Ipfam, fed catulos apportat, ei incitat ungv.es. 
 
 II. 388. Achilles gives an account how Chiron 
 had educated him. 
 
 Mox ire per avia fecum 
 Luftra gradu major e trabens, vififque docebat 
 Arridtre fern. 
 
 Nunquam ilk imbelks Ofaa per avia lynces 
 SeSarif aut timidos pajfus me cufplde damas 
 Sternere, fed trifles turbare cubilibus urfas, 
 Fulmineofquefues, etjicubi maxima tigris, 
 Autfedufta jughfcstx fpelunca lexna. 
 
 CANTO VII. l6. 
 
 His defcription of DuefTa magnificently arrayed, 
 clothed in purple, having a cup in her hand, fit- 
 ting on a dragon who had feven heads, and who 
 threw down the ftars with his tail, is taken from 
 the Apocalypfe, xii. 17. 
 
 S T A N Z.
 
 REMARKS ON SPEXSER. 97 
 
 S T A N Z. XT 1 1. 
 
 i 
 flew, 
 
 Socmona is no where to be found, I think, 
 
 s T A x z. xzix. 
 
 His &ftr axj armour jbuiJ far away. 
 
 So Hughes' Edit. In FoL Edit. 1769, 
 forJbim'J. I think it fhould be, 
 
 His gEitfroxd armour fhincd fc avar. 
 
 G. ;..-_--.: :^ 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXI. 
 
 His haughty helmet, horrid all with gold, 
 Both glorious brighmefs and great terror bred; 
 For all the creft a dragon did enfold, 
 
 f- With greedy paws, and o^er all did fpread 
 
 : golden wings : his dreadful hideous head 
 Cioie coached on the beaver, feem'd to throw 
 From flaming mouth bright fparkles fiery red, 
 That fbdden horror to faint hearts did (how ; 
 
 And fcaly tail was firetch*d adbwn his bock full lov. 
 
 H TUgU.
 
 98 REMARKS ON SPENSER* 
 
 Virgil, ^En. VII. 785. 
 
 Cut trlplid crlnitajuba galea alt a Chimaram 
 Sv.ftmet, jEtnaos efflantem faucibus ignis. 
 Tarn magis ilia fremens, et trijlibus efferaflammis, 
 Quam magis e ff u fo crude fcunt fangu'me pvgn<e. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXIV. 
 
 The fame, \Jhietf\ to wight he never wontdifclofe, 
 But when as monfters huge he would difmay, 
 Or daunt unequal armies of his foes, 
 Or when the ilying heavens he would affray;. 
 For fo exceeding Ihone his gliftring ray r 
 That Phrcbus' golden face it did attaint, 
 As when a cloud his beams doth overlay ; 
 And filver Cynthia wexed pale and faint, 
 As when her face is flain'd with magic arts conftraint. 
 
 In his defcription of this Ihield he feems to have 
 had in view the ./Egis of Jupiter and Minerva. 
 
 Homer, II. P. 593. 
 
 fArr' a/ 
 
 t ' rr,v 
 
 Turn vcro Satwnius fumpjit agulem fmbriatam, 
 Splendent wit Idam vcro nul'ibus coopenut :
 
 ON SPESSER. 99 
 
 mfexrdgs aaem emfs, eimriim grade hauaut: hoc 
 
 :. ; j.:-..-i.T:: 
 m astern Tryaas Jkt, aysc frga* 
 
 VaL Flaccus, VL 396. 
 
 JEgLh. tmmprmam virgo Jpiremyu 'Mtlxf* 
 Tcrcemtmm finm fjpdtotem fnjnlb iyJris, 
 
 a: Paver ocapat imgns 
 
 im 
 
 What he fays of fnghtoing the hcaTecs, &c. i 
 in the ftjle of Stat^, Theb. VII. 45. 
 
 Laac time!) 
 
 ^. 665. 
 
 . c&ffes Affsoriis im arzis 
 a a&L; P&%*jffrit, f&xygf rffxfcaa 
 
 When he fays that Prince Arthur was too brave 
 to make uie of his (hield uncovered, uniels upon 
 extraordinary occions, he feeoxs to have had 
 Perfeus.in view. Grid. Met. V. i - . 
 
 :-:m turk* fmcau&c 
 
 ^ Pfrjas, yunuam fc cvpiis i$, 
 bojkpctem: i-z~zs czvrtitc \.f*zrcs, 
 
 H 2 CA
 
 100 .REMARKS ON SFENSER. 
 
 CANTO VIII. 9. 
 
 As when Almighty Jove, in wrathful mood, 
 To wreak the guilt of mortal fins is bent, 
 Hurls forth his thundring dart with deadly food, 
 Enrold in flames, and fmouldring dreriment ; 
 Through riven clouds, and molten firmament, 
 The .fierce threeforked engine making way, 
 Both lofty towers, and higheft trees hath rent, 
 And all that might its angry pafilon ftay, 
 And mooting in the earth cads up a mount of clay. 
 
 Here again is an inaccuracy of expreflion : A3 
 when Jove is bent hurls forth the engine.- 
 
 He might have (aid, 
 
 To wreak the guilt of mortal fins' ybent. 
 But I don't fuppofe he writ fo. 
 
 The fame remark might be made on that fimile, 
 I. i. 23. 
 
 As gentle fhepherd in fweet even-tide, &c. 
 And on this, IV. iv. 47. 
 
 Like as in fummer's day, &c. 
 
 And on forty other places, where the fame want 
 of connexion is to be found. 
 
 Food, perhaps, is tor feud. B. II. i. 3. and VI. I. 
 
 26. we have deadly feud. The preterperfeft tenfe 
 
 6 katb
 
 REMAP,:: - - : 
 
 tab ma is very proper here, to (hew how quick 
 the lightning acts ; though I will not affirm that 
 Spenler ufed it with that dehga. 
 
 s T A N z. xi. 
 
 As great a noife, as when in Cymbrian plain 
 An herd of bulls, whom kindly rage doth fting, 
 Do for the milky mother's want complain, 
 And fill the fields with troublous bellowing. 
 
 Bulls for cahcf is a catacbre/is 9 as the rhetoricians 
 call it. KJodfy rage is $-cuoi, aeon-ding to nature. 
 Spenfer often ufes the word fo. 
 
 s T A N z. xxii. 
 
 That down he tumbled ; as an aged tree, 
 High growing on the top of rocky clift, 
 Whofe heart-ftrings with keen fteel nigh hewen be; 
 The mighty trunk half rent, with ragged rift 
 Doth roll adown the rocks, and fall with fearful drift. 
 
 Or as a calile, reared high and round, 
 By fubtle engines and malicious flight 
 Is undermined from the loweft ground, 
 
 * her foundation fbrc'd and feebled quite ; 
 
 H A:
 
 102 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 At laft down falls, and with her heaped hight 
 Her hafty ruin does more heavy make, 
 And yields itfelf unto the victor's might ; 
 Such was this giant's fall, that feem'd to (hake 
 The ftedfaft globe of earth, as it for fear did quake, 
 
 Yields it-felfis a fmall inaccuracy, inftead of her 
 felf. To the fall of the giant may be joined the 
 defcription of the dragon's fall. I. xi. 54. 
 
 So down he fell, that th' earth him underneath 
 Did groan, as feeble fo great load to lift ; 
 So down he fell, as an huge rocky clifr, 
 \Vhqfe falfe foundation waves have vvauYd away, 
 With dreadful poife is fr.om the main land rift, 
 And rolling down, great Neptune doth difrmy; 
 So down he fell, and like a heaped mountain lay. 
 
 Homer, II. n. 482. 
 
 ^lionri <?' Jf ors TH; $oZg 
 
 'He 
 
 Ceddit autem, ficut quando aliqua qucrcus cadit, vel 
 
 populi'.s, 
 
 Vel pinus alta, quam in montibus fabn 
 Excidcriint fici'.ribus recens-exacutis, navak lignum utfit, 
 
 The author of the Ao-arl? 42 r . 
 
 Cecidit
 
 Ezodfg, i 
 Sic 
 
 REMARKS C? *; IOJ 
 
 m finr.-*! saa, esL 
 
 Vbgfl, 
 
 3 
 
 Gmgtmast, 
 
 .Ea. XH. 684. 
 
 A- ixZaci ac.:.*zs faxes, It vcrtss* prsnefs 
 Csg nstj&otfue, cvxft, Jem tmr&s&s 
 
 Ftrfmr im sknptmm magts msms impnfas j&, 
 
 j/fr fe&oi Jtzw, Armatim, v&afou 
 7e=rfcKf Jft-z. See aiib n. IX. 70$. 
 
 VaL Flaccos, VL 383. 
 XK tTKt, *t mmth Istms, at mt madam mni y 
 
 fna&mit t/tma, tfft agate 
 Surius, Thdx VH. 744. 
 
 Sskil biems, *m 'C*3*Jbx mm 
 ivrrtmlu <mm& timar, 
 
 , toc&myxe oroajha txvs* / . 
 Lmcafctst, oat msim vctttnfet 

 
 104 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 IX. 53*. 
 
 Procumblt, Getico quails procumbit In 
 Sen Bore<e furiis, putri feu robore qnercus 
 Ccelo mlxta comas, ingentemque aera laxat. 
 lllam nutantem nemus, et mom ipfe tremifdt 9 
 ^ua tellure cadat, quas obrv.at ordinefilvas. 
 
 554- 
 
 Ruit kaud alio quam celfa fragore 
 lurnSf libi innumeros penitus quaflata per \5lus 
 Labilu^, effriiffamque aperit vicloribus url>ew. 
 
 Seneca, Here. Fur. 1046. 
 
 Fkxa. genu jam tot us ad t err am ruit : 
 Ut cxfafilvis or nut, aut port us man 
 Datura moles. 
 
 s T A N z. xxvii. 
 
 What hath poor virgin, for fuch peril part, 
 Wherewith you to reward ? Accept therefore 
 My fimple felf, and fervice evermore : 
 And He that high does fit, and all things fee 
 With equal eyes, their merits to reftore, 
 Behold what ye this day have done for me, 
 And what I cannot 'quite, requite with ufury. 
 
 So Virgil, ^Bn. I. 604, 
 
 Grates perfolvere dignas. 
 NO 'i op is eft nofii\c ~ 
 
 Dii
 
 :;s cv SPEXSEP. 105 
 
 Da /#/", f qua pios njp&axt 9xm*xa 9 fi <pdd 
 Ufautm JMpitl* ej, tt maufJri confcia rtcu 
 
 1- _: ..; .:> .; /. .:;:. 
 
 : is not to be fuppofed he took it from Virgil, 
 the thought being very common and obvious. 
 
 s T A x z. xxx. 
 
 creeping crooked pace forth came 
 An old old man, with beard as white as fnow. 
 
 M old old max. The Greeks would fay, much in 
 the fame manner, yfyn =*xV Ariftophanes 
 Achara. 677. voXou** vftc&ns, Juftin Martyr, 
 PiaL y*ifc vafreuv, Homer. 
 
 5 T A N Z. XXXVI. 
 
 And there befide of marble done was built 
 
 An altar, carVd with cunning image . 
 
 On which true Chriftians blood was often fpilt, 
 
 And holy martyrs often doen to^die, 
 
 With cruel malice and ftrong tyranny : 
 
 Whofe blefled fprites from underneath the ftpnc 
 
 To C cngeance cry continually. 
 
 From the Apocalypfe, vi. 9. .//>:; s<*^- - ? Y alia 
 
 : Jlain for the word of God, 
 
 jutdfor tbe tefiiaioiy ivb'^b tb<y field. jSxd tkcf crifd
 
 Io6 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 with a loud voice, faying, How long, O Lord, holy 
 end true, doft thou not judge and avenge our blood on 
 them float dwell on the earth f 
 
 6T A N Z. XLIV. 
 
 Fair lady, then faid that victorious knight, 
 The things that grievous were to do, or bear, 
 Them to renew, I.wote, breeds no delight; 
 Beft mufic breeds delight in loathing ear : 
 But th* only good that grows of parTed fear, 
 Is to be wile, and ware of like again. 
 This day's enfample hath this leflbn dear 
 Deep written in my heart with iron pen, 
 That blifs may not abide in flate of mortal men. 
 
 I cannot think thatSpenfer ever intended to write 
 thus. His argument requires directly the con' 
 trary ; 
 
 Even the beft mujtc breeds no delight in a loathing ear, 
 much lefs can it be agreeable to dwell upon this mclan.-< 
 choly'fubjccl. Pbfnbly he intended, 
 
 Beft mvjic breeds diflike in loathing ear, 
 
 and delight is either a flip of his pen, or a fault 
 of the printer, occafioned it may be by the word 
 delight being in the line before. 
 
 Iron
 
 MARKS OK SPZKSER. 
 
 Iron pen is taken from Job six. 23, 24. O 
 wy words 'ssere 'tuna written !tkat ioey were grebe* 
 Siitb an irompen! 
 
 c A N- r o ix. 26. 
 
 Then (hall I you recount a rueful cafe 
 (Said be) the -which with th eye 
 
 I late beheld ; and had not greater grace 
 
 om it, had been partaker c/the place, 
 
 Perhaps it might be better : 
 
 i.e. " I fhould have killed myfelf in tnefame place 
 5?here I fa\v another kill himfelf." See what follows. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXIX. 
 
 envious man, that grieves at neighbour's good, 
 Ji fond, that joyed in the woe thou haft, 
 
 . for rir^. This inaccuracy is. very fre- 
 quent in Spenier. So ii?/tfor doydidteTdiJji, drive 
 for &d drive, for batb tigbud', .cccvr&tg 
 
 decree, for dearte ; confound for 
 
 : term of life is limited, 
 Ne may a man prolong nor (horten it : 
 The foldier may not move from \vatchiul fted, 
 Nor leave his ilaad, until his captain bed. 
 
 Stai
 
 Io8 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Sted is place yjiation. Plato, Phsed. 'n? tv T 
 1 OTdpntat xat Je? >i taulcv tx TauT*u 
 
 Cicero De Senofl. 20. F>/^/ Pythagoras injuflit 
 iwperatoris, id eft, dei, de pr^e/idlo et fiatwne vttte dece- 
 dere. Somn. Scip. 3. N'l/iDeusis, ctijus hoc tern- 
 flam eft omne, quod confpicis, iftls te corporis ci'fiodiis 
 liber aver It, buc tibi adit us pat ere non poteft. Quarc 
 ft tibi, (t pi is omnibus retinendus ejl animus In ekftodia 
 corporis : nee .injuflu ejus, a quo Hie eft vobis datus, ex 
 kominum vita migrandiun e/l } ne munus kumanum af~ 
 a, Deo defitgifle videaminl* 
 
 S T A N Z. XLVIII. 
 
 And to his frefh remembrance did reverie 
 The ugly view of his deformed crimes. 
 
 In the imperfedt Gloflary to Spenfer we find : /,- 
 vcrfe (Lat. revertcre) to return. But here, to reverfc 
 hgniiies not to return, but to caufe to return. 
 
 C.A N T Q X. 53. 
 
 That blood-red billows like a walled front 
 llood-rcd billo-jus. So he calls the waves of the 
 Red fea. 
 
 Seneca
 
 REMARKS ON 5PEXSER. 
 
 Seneca, Thyeft. 372. 
 
 $*i rwbri vada li torts, 
 Et gemma mare luddum. 
 Late fmigtuniMM taunt. 
 
 3 T A X Z-. 1 
 
 * f I fee," fays the Red-crofs knight to his guide, 
 <f that the New HieruGdem infinitely furpaes 
 Cleopolis, which I ufed to think was the fineft of 
 all cities." 
 
 Mod true, then laid the holy aged man* 
 Yet is Cleoplis, for earthly fame, 
 The faireft piece that eye beholden can : 
 And well befeems all knights ofnoble name, 
 That covet in th* immortal book of fame 
 To be eternized/ that fame to haunt. 
 I would read : for earttly frame. 
 
 c A N T o xr. 
 
 of a dragon : 
 
 B . : aH fo foon as he fro:* 
 
 Thole glulri: -.. :hat heaven with ligHt 
 
 did fill, 
 He roas'd himfelf full With, and haflned them until.
 
 tlO REMARKS ON SPENSER,, 
 
 Statius, Theb. V. 556. 
 
 turn fquamea demum 
 
 *Torvus ad armorum radios, frem'iti'.mquc virorunt 
 Calla movet* 
 
 STANZ. xin. 
 
 in either jaw 
 Three ranks of iron teeth enranged were. 
 
 Ovid. Met. Ill, 34. triplici Jlant or dine dentes. 
 
 S T A N Z. XLVI. 
 
 There grew a goodly tree him fair befide, 
 Great God it planted in that bleifed fted 
 With his almighty hand, and did it eall , 
 The Tree of Life 1 , the crime of our firft father's fall. 
 
 Why does he call the Tree of Life, The crime of 
 our frjl father's fall? * 
 
 e ANTC? 
 
 * The queftion fo propofed, while it incites attention, deferves 
 an attempt at leaft to refolve it ; andfummi/d <voce agerem, tantunt 
 ut Judex attdlat. The line might be broken thus : 
 
 The Tree cf Life, the crime of our frfi father's fjfl. 
 They are not the words of the Almighty, but a reflection of the 
 Poetj who', by metonymy, calls the Tree in queftion, " The 
 CRIME," quajl caufb criminationis ; i.e. the incentive, or moving 
 caufe of Adam's offence. Stephens, in his Thefaurus, Ling. Lat. 
 fays " Crimea etiam dicitur, I+fa crirmnatio, five criminvm 
 Accufatio-" and cites Cicero in Philipp. " Hrcreditatem milu 
 negilli obveniffe, Udnam hoc tuum crimen eflet." 
 
 St. Paul
 
 1 II 
 
 CANTO 211*42 
 
 Now ftrike your (ails, Sec. 
 
 And in die firit Stanza of this Canto : 
 
 Behold, I fee the haven nigh ar hand. 
 This metaphor is often ufed by ancient poets, 
 
 Statins, Theb. XIL 809. 
 
 El mtajam Is^o r:. -if&Te $3 : 
 
 Silv. IV. iv. 89. 
 
 *- 
 
 -.T, KM *;- 
 
 >*s 
 
 -
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER- 
 
 Virgil. Georg. IV. 116. 
 
 Atque equidem, extreme ni jam Jub fine labor mn 
 Vela trabam, et terns fejllmm advertere proram ; 
 Where fee Servius. 
 
 Juvenal, I. 149. - Utere veils : 
 Totes pande Jinus* 
 
 Sidonius, Carm. XXIV. 90. 
 
 Sed jam fufficit, ecce linque portum, 
 Ne te pondere plus premamfaburrtf, 
 His in verfibus ancoram levato. 
 
 Jam per alternum pelagus loquendl 
 Egit audacem mea cymba curfum ; 
 Nee bipertito timuit flucnto 
 
 Fleftere clavum. 
 Solvit antennas, &c. 
 
 Carm. II. 537. 
 
 At mea jam nimii propellunt carbafa flatus* 
 Ovid, Art. Amat. I. 779. 
 
 Hie teneat nqftras ancorajaRa rates. 
 So Art. Amat. III. 784. Remed. 811. 
 Nemefian, Cyneget. 58. 
 
 talique placet dare lintea cur<? 3 
 Dum non magna ratis, vicinisfueta moveri 
 Litoribus, tutofae finus percurrere remis 
 
 Nunc
 
 HEMARKS ON SPEXSER. 
 
 Xwcpriimnn dat vela Notis, fcrtufyue fdekx 
 Linqult, et Hadnacas audit tentare proceOas. 
 Profe writers ufe the fame metaphor. 
 
 BOOK II. CANTO i. 8. 
 
 Speaking of a Nymph purfued by Faunus : 
 
 At laft, when failing breath beggn to faint, 
 And law no means to fcape, of mame afraid, 
 She fat her down to weep for fore conftraint j 
 And to Diana calling loud for aid, 
 Her dear befought, to let her die a maid. 
 The Goddefs heard, 
 
 Somewhat like the ftory of Arethufa in Ovid, 
 
 Met.V. 6iS. 
 
 Fejfi labor c fug*, Per opem, deprendimur 9 inytam^ 
 Armiger*> Difynna, Jv* : 
 M>ta dea eft. 
 
 S T A K Z. XXII. 
 
 As when a bear and tyger being met 
 In cruel fight on Lybick ocean wide, 
 
 The propriety of the phrale Lfoick Ocean will not 
 
 be perceived by every reader. By it he means the 
 
 I Sy::e5,
 
 1 14 REMARKS ON SPENS.ER. 
 
 Syrtes, of which fee the defcription in Lucan, 
 
 IX. 303. 
 
 Syrtes, vel primam man do Naturafguram 
 Cum daret, in dubio pelagi terrrfque reliquit, &c. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxix. 
 
 At laft, when luft of meat and drink was ceas'd, 
 Homer, II. I. 92. 
 
 'Aulac ITT'} srcVi^ J >tj s^TJ^ ^ *oo^ two. 
 
 St-t? pojlquaw potus et clbi defiderium exemerant, 
 
 Virgil, >En. VIII. 184. 
 Ptflquam sxempta fames, et amor compress eJeudi* 
 
 S T A N Z. XLVI. 
 
 Night was far fpent, 
 
 When of his piteous tale he end did make; 
 Whilft with delight of what he wifely fpake, 
 Thofe guefis beguiled, did beguile their eyes 
 Of kindly fleep, that .did them overtake. 
 
 In Homer, OdyC A. 333. when UlyiTcs had 
 related his, travels, the Poet adds: 
 
 Si
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 1*1*5 
 
 Sic ait : bl autem omms quietifoSi paitflmtio ; 
 VolitptaU autem tenebantw per domum objcuram. 
 
 C A X T O III. II. 
 
 Who feeing one that fhone in armour fair. 
 
 This is Braggadochio, who had juft before ftolen 
 ahorfeand a fpear. Tbe'poet here drefies him 
 in armour, though he leaves us at a loft to guefs 
 how he came by it, and though afterwards he re- 
 prefents him as unann'd. The fame fort of ob- 
 lenradon might be made on feveral places of this 
 Poem. 
 
 STAN Z. XVI. 
 
 Dotard (faid he) let be thy deep advife; 
 Seems thai through many years thy wits thee fail, 
 And that weak eld hath left thee nothing wife. 
 
 Virgil, ^n, VII. 440. 
 
 Sed te viffajitx veriqut fftta fefutfus 
 Cttris TUHadnam exarcst. 
 
 Claudian, Bell. Get. 521. 
 
 mentis iiwps fraudatotpe finfiku atas. 
 Ovid. Met. VI. 37. 
 
 Mentis tneps, lengaqvc vms coxfeffa fauffa, 
 Et mmium vixiffe Mm xccef. 
 
 S T A K 2 ,"
 
 Il6 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXIII. 
 
 So paffing piercant, and To wondrous bright, 
 As quite bereav'd the rafh beholder's fight* 
 
 In flead of bereaved him of fight. 
 So V. iv. 10. 
 
 Thinking to have her grief by death bereav'd. 
 V. v. 37. 
 
 Thro* which fhe might his wretched life bereave. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxi. 
 
 Such as Diana, by the Candy Ihore 
 Of fwift Eurotas, or on Cynthus green, 
 Where all the nymphs have her unwares forlore, 
 Wandreth alone with bow and arrows keen, 
 To feek her game : or as that famous queen 
 Of Amazons, whom Pyrrhus did deftroy, 
 The day that firft of Priam fhe was feen, 
 Did (hew her Celf in great triumphant joy, 
 To fuccour the weak ftate of fad afflicted Troy. 
 
 Virgil, JEn. I. 502. 
 
 Quails in Eurof* ripfs, autperjvga Cyntbi 
 Exercet Diana chores.' 
 
 I know
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. II ; 
 
 I know not what authority our Poet had to call 
 Eurotas fwift, unlefs perhaps that of Statius, who 
 calls him torrens y Theb. VIII. 432. 
 
 Hie et mtnte Lacon^ crudi torrentis alumnus 
 He tells us, I ".rnthefilea was flain by Pyrrhus : 
 all the ancient 'writers fay, by Achilles-, except 
 that trifler; called Dares Phrygius, whom Spenfer 
 fhould not have followed. 
 
 STAN Z. XXX 1 1. 
 
 When me at laft him fpying thus befpake ; 
 Hail, groom ! didfl thou not fee a bleeding hind, 
 Whofe right haunch earft my fledfaft arrow flrake ? 
 If thou didft, tell me, that I her may overtake. 
 Wherewith reviv'd this anfwer forth he threw ; 
 O Goddefs ! (for fuch I thee take to be) 
 For neither doth thy face terreftrial (hew, 
 Nor voice found mortal, &c. 
 
 From Virgil, JEn. I. 325. 
 Ac pricr, Heus, inquit^jtrjenes, mon/lrate, &:. 
 O, quamtc memcrem? virgo? namoue baud, tibi unltus 
 Mart alls, nee vex bominem fonat. O, dea certe! 
 
 s T A K z . xxxv. 
 
 But lo! my lord, my liege, whofe warlike name 
 Is far renown'd through many bold emprife. 
 One would think it fhould be many a bold emprife ;
 
 II 8 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 as I. I. i. marks of many a bloody field. III. vi 1 1. 12: 
 many a cojily ornament. IV. i. 9. many a lovely 
 dame. 29. gather* d many a day. IV. in. 38. many 
 a gorgeous ornament. IV. iv. 17. in many a battle. 
 26. many a warlike fwain. IV, xi. 36. many a 
 land. V. v. 21. wavy # *y. VI. vn. 29. *#? 
 <z wight. VI. xn. 33. flw#y # forged lie. Shep- 
 herd's Caleod. many a weedy &c. &c. But II. i x x. 
 i^. we find, 
 
 And oft approv'd in many bard aflay. 
 And VI. vi. 4. 
 
 And proved oft in many perilous fight. 
 
 S.T A N z. . XLI. 
 Speaking of Honour, he fays, 
 
 Before her gate high God did fweat ordain, 
 And wakeful watches ever to abide : 
 But eafy is the way, and paffage plain 
 Tp Pleafure's palace; it may foon be fpy'd : 
 And day and night her doors to all {land open w ide. 
 
 Hefiod, E^y. 287. 
 
 IdfUTOt Sto] TffOOTTsipQ&tV 
 
 w^ wr 
 
 Mflitiam
 
 REMARKS ON SFENSER. 1 ^9 
 
 Malitiam quidem cumulatim etiam capers 
 Facile eft : brrjis quippe via eft^ ft in proximo habitat* 
 Ante virtutem vero fudorem Dii pcfuerunt 
 Immortales. Lcnga vero atque ardua via eft ad illam, 
 Primumque afpcra. 
 
 s T A J T z. XLII. 
 
 The foolilh man 
 
 Thought in his baftard arms her to embrace : 
 
 I ufed to think it fliould be daftard. But Spenfer 
 feems to ufe baftard for mcan y contemptible. So I. 
 vi. 24. 
 
 To baniih cowardife and baflard fear. 
 
 CANTO IV. 4. 
 
 The Poet thus defcribes Occafion : 
 
 And him behind, a wicked Hag did ftalk, 
 In ragged robes, and filthy difarray : 
 Her other leg was lame, that (he no'te walk,. 
 But on a ftaff her feeble fteps did (lay : 
 Her locks, that loathly were and hoary gray, 
 Grew all afore, and loofly hung unroll'd ; 
 But all behind was bald, and worn awav, 
 That none thereof could ever taken hold, 
 
 And eke her face ill-fa vour'd, full of wrinkles old. 
 
 Phsedrus, V. 8. Occafio depidta. 
 Curfu volucri pendens in n<r:actt!a 
 Cahus, cemofa front e^ nudo corport 9 
 I 4
 
 I2O REMARKS ON SPENSER.. 
 
 Quern ft cccuparis, teneas: elapfumfemel 
 Won ipfepoffit Jupiter reprehendere*> 
 Occafionem rerumfignijicat brevem. 
 Effeftus impediret ne fegnis mora y 
 Finxere antiqui talem effigiem 
 
 In the Anthologia : 
 
 r > 
 
 . <ru SI, r(q ; Kai^oj o ixoivSxpoiTUf. 
 TT/? J' tV axpas (SiSrjxaf ; at! Ttfop^aw. T/ 
 Hoa-irlv ff 
 
 cratnif o'jT 
 
 H ^ xo ( u, TI X5JT* c^/iv 
 N>i Ai'a' ra ^OTTJ^EV B 
 Tcy ^a'p Kiroi^ uflwo'tirt srapaS'pE^ai'Ia ^t src<nriu, 
 O?TIJ 3"' Ipticuv Jpa^trat tfcci-rr&tv* 
 o TI%V[TY!<; y\ aitTrXourev iivwiv J/XE 
 
 Which Bergius thus tranflates : 
 
 ^^if patrta artifici ? Sicyon. Quid nominis autetn ? 
 
 Lyfippus. Qu tit? Occa/io cunffa domans. 
 Cur rotuU inftftis ? circumferor ufque. >uid alas 
 
 Slffixti pedibus ? me levis aura rotat. 
 Cur dextra eft infer t a novacula ? Scilicet anceps 
 
 Ceffantes acies hjc wea fern neyuit. 
 
 Quid
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER 121 
 
 Quid trim fa amtemfrons men/trot* mt ofaia prater. 
 
 Cur cahum forte ejt pcfteriore caput ? 
 uodfemel oblatam <pn me permittit airir:, 
 
 CffpU ei in relianum nan datur ntta mei. 
 Ingemofa, manus talem tiki me dedit, befpcs, 
 
 Ut jiaj ijtis camfiu ad im&iis. 
 
 Aufonius, Epigram. XII. 
 
 In fimulacrum Occafionis et Poraitentiz. 
 CUJMS cpus ? Plidi*, qjufigmtm Pallados, QMS* 
 
 guiqtu JsKtm fecit. Tfrtia palma ego fttm. 
 Sum den* qx* rara, et paucis Occafio net*. 
 
 <$md rotuU imfiflis ? Stare loco juqmn. 
 gad ttlaria babes? Volucris fum. Meratrius an* 
 
 Fort***re fciet, lord* ego, qxxmvM. 
 Crate ttgis fatiem. Copufci xtlo. Sed beta t* 
 
 Occtpiti caho es. Ne temear fupens. 
 %** tibi ju*8* anus? Dicdt ttiri. Die rogo aiueju 
 
 Sum dea^ ad nemen nee Cicero ipfe dedit. 
 Sumdea qa*tfa&i, nan faSique exigo pantos; 
 
 ffempe nt penitent, Jic Mctaneea vtcor. 
 T* mode die, quid &gat tetnm ? fi quad* volavi, 
 
 H*c marM. Hone rexsait, qnos eg* pr*terii 
 Tu qucque, dam rogitas^ dum percent ando mararis 9 
 
 ELtpfam, dices me tiin de mambns. 
 See the Commeautors oa Pfcsedms and Aufonius. 
 
 ST ANZ.
 
 1 22 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. XIV. XV. 
 
 Gnyon binds Furor : 
 
 And both his hands faft bound behind his back, 
 And both his feet in fetters to an iron rack. 
 
 With hundred iron chains he did him bind, 
 And hundred knots that did him fore conftrain; 
 Yet his great iron teeth he ftill did grind, 
 And grimly gnam,threatning revenge in vain, Sec, 
 
 Virgil. JEn. I. 298, 
 
 Furor impius intus 
 
 S*va fedens fuper arma, et centum vinfttts aenis 
 Pojl tergum nodis, fremet borridus ore crucnto. 
 
 S T A N Z. XVIII. 
 
 Our felves in league of vowed love we knit : 
 In which \ve long time, without jealous fears, 
 Our faulty thoughts continu'd, as was fit. 
 
 So Hughes's Edit, and Fol. Ed. 1679. It fliould be: 
 Qt faulty thoughts 
 
 5T A N Z-
 
 IARKS ON SPENSER. 12 J 
 
 S T A N' Z. XLV. 
 
 Vile knight, 
 That knights and knighthood doft with (hame 
 
 upbray, 
 
 And fhew'ft th' enfample of thy childifh might, 
 \Vi:h filly weak old woman thus to fight ; 
 Great glory and gay fpoil fare haft thou got. 
 
 Alluding to Virgil, ^En. IV. 93. 
 
 : .am vero laudem effpolia ampla refcrtis^ 
 Tuque puerque tnus, magnum et memorable nomex* 
 Una dolo Di'sumfijcemina vifta duorum eft. 
 
 CANTO V. 10. 
 
 Like as a lion, whofe imperial powre 
 A proud rebellious unicorn defies, 
 T' avoid the ram aflault and wrathful ftowre 
 Of his fierce foe, him to a tree applies, 
 And when him running in full courfe he fpies, 
 He flips afide ; the whiles that furious beaft 
 His precious horn, fought of his enemies, 
 Strikes in the llock, ne thence can be releaft, 
 But to the mighty vidor yields a bounteous feafh 
 
 Shakefpear,Timon of Athens. " Wert thou the 
 unicorn, pride and wrath would confound thee, 
 and make thine own felf the conqueft of thy fury." 
 
 And
 
 124 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 And in Julius Casfar : 
 
 For he loves to hear 
 
 That unicorns may be betray 'd with trees, 
 And bears with glafles, &c. 
 
 CANTO V. 12. 
 
 With that he cry'd, Mercy, do me not die, 
 
 Ne deem thy force by Fortune's doom unjuft, 
 
 That hath (maugerher fpight) thus low melaidin duft 
 
 A Friend of mine thinks it might be : 
 
 Ne deem thy force, but Fortune's doom unjuft, 
 That bath 
 
 Deem it not to le thy force, but the unjujl doom of 
 Fortune, that hath overthrown me. Do not afcribe it 
 to thyjtrength, but to unjujl Fortune. 
 
 Spenfer here fays : Mauger her fpight. And 
 again, III. v. 7. 
 
 But froward fortune, and too froward night 
 Such happinefs did (maulger) to me fpight. 
 
 Perhaps he ufes mauger in thefe places, as an 
 imprecation, Curfe on it f Thefe are propofed as 
 uncertain conjectures. In III. iv. 15. and in 
 other places he ufes mauger in the common way, 
 mauger the?, for infyight of thee : but again he ufes 
 it in a different way, IV. iv. 40. 
 
 s T A N z,
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. t2$ 
 
 T A N Z. XV. 
 
 ::hers overthrows, ivbofe felf doth overthrow. 
 What if we {hould read ? 
 Vain others overthrows who's felf doth overthrow. 
 
 In i-ain he overthrows others, who bis (or him) felf 
 doth overthrow. But perhaps it is as Spenfer wrote 
 it. 
 
 S T A K Z. i'XXI. 
 
 And on the other fide a pleafant grove 
 Was (hot up high, full of the (lately tree 
 That dedicated is t' Olympick Jove, 
 And to his fon Alcides, when as he 
 Gain'd in Nemsea goodly victory. 
 
 It is not eafy to know what Spenfer had in his 
 mind here. At the Olympick games the victors 
 were crown'd oleaftro,feraolii'a, fays Statius; at the 
 Nemsean games, apo. I know of no vidtory 
 which Hercules gained in Nemea, except his 
 killing the lion there. Hercules was crowned 
 oleaftro at the Olympick games. His favourite tree 
 however was the poplar ; and probably this is the 
 tree of which Spenfer fpeaks. 
 
 Natalis Comes I. 9. Serif turn eft a Paujanid in 
 prioribus Eliacis, in Jovis O^tnpji fane, ubi magi- 
 
 jiratus
 
 126- REMARKS ON SPENSER 
 
 Jlratus nigro ariete faciebant, 
 dabatur vati, fed ccllum tanium lignatori more ma- 
 jorum ; mandatum fui/e negotium lignatori ut ad 
 facrorum ufum ligna certo pretio daret, vel publics 
 twit ati bus > vet privatim cuilibetj qu<e ntin erant ex 
 alia arbor e, quam ex alba populo', qui honor habitus 
 eft arbori, quod earn Hercules e Thefprotide primus in 
 Graciam portavit, quam ad fluvium. dcberuntem 
 Ihefprotidis reperit, cujus etiam lignis 
 femora crcmavit. 
 
 STAN Z. XXXVI. 
 
 Up, up, thou womanifli weak knight, 
 That here in ladle's lap entombed art, 
 Unmindful of thy praiie and proweft might. 
 
 Virgil. ^En. IV. 265. 
 
 Tu nunc Cartkaginis alt<e 
 Fundamenta locas y puhhrawque -uxerius wleui 
 Exfiruis, beu, regni rerumqiie oblite tuarum. 
 
 CANTO VI. 15. 
 
 Speaking of fruits and flowers : 
 
 \Vhilft nothing envious Nature them forth throws 
 Out of her fruitful lap. 
 
 Lucretius,
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Lucretius, V. 34. 
 
 ****! ommku ommalargt 
 iff A peril ^ Natvrsfut d*dda rentm. 
 
 5 T JL If 2. XVI. 
 
 The Lilly, lady of the flowring field, 
 The Flower-de-luce, her lovely paramour, 
 Bid thee to them thy fmitkfs labours yield, 
 
 - d foon leave off this toilfom weary ftour : 
 Lo ! lo ! how brave (he decks her bounteous bowet 
 With filken curtains and gold coverlets, 
 Therein to flirowd her fumptuous Belamour, 
 Yet neither fpins nor cards, ne cares nor frets, 
 But to her mother Nature all her care (he lets. 
 
 A manifeft alluGon to thofe facred words : Cenfider 
 the hues of the field bow they grow, tbty toil not, 
 neither do tbeyfpi*. The poet ought not to have 
 placed them where he has. 
 
 Shakefpear, King Henry VIII. 
 
 Like the Lily, 
 
 That once was mrftrefs of the field, and flourifh'd* 
 HI hang my head, and perilh. 
 
 s T A x z. 
 Wo worth the man, 
 That firft did teach the curfed fteel to bite 
 In his own fleih, and make way to the living fpright. 
 . 8 Tibullus,
 
 128 REMARKS ON 
 
 Tibullus, I. XI. I. 
 
 Quis fuit, horrendos primus qui protulit enfcs ? 
 QuamferuSy et vereferrcus illefuit ! 
 
 CANTO VII. l6. 
 
 But later ages pride (like corn-fed fleed) 
 Abus'd her plenty^ and fat-.fvvoln encreafc 
 To all licentious lufL 
 
 Alluding perhaps to Deuteronomy xxxiL 15. But 
 Jefurun waxed fat, and kicked. 
 
 S T A N Z. XV. 
 
 But would they think with how fmall allowance 
 Untroubled nature doth her felf fuffice, &c. 
 
 Lucan, IV. 377. 
 
 Difcite quam parvo liceat producers wit am, 
 Et quant urn Nat ur a pet at. 
 
 S T A IT Z. XVII. 
 
 Then 'gan a curfed hand the quiet womb 
 Of his great grandmother with fteel to wound ; 
 And the hid treafures in her facred tomb 
 With facrilege to dig. 
 
 Ovid, Met. I. 138. 
 
 Itum eft in vifcera terr<e : 
 
 Quafque recondiderat, Stygiifque admoverat umbris, 
 fcffodiuntur opes, irritamenta malorum* 
 
 5 T A N Z.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSE1. 1*9 
 
 S T A X Z. XXI, &CC. 
 
 At length they came into a larger fpace, 
 That ftretch'd It felf into an ample plain, 
 Through which a beaten broad highway did trade, 
 That (freight did lead to Pluto's griefly reign. 
 By that way's fide, there fat infernal Pain, 
 And faft betide him fat tumultuous Strife, 
 The one in hand an iron whip did ftrain, 
 The other brandifhed a bloody knife ; 
 And both did gnaCh their teeth, and both did 
 threaten life. 
 
 On th* other fide, in one confort there fate 
 Cruel Revenge, and rancorous Defpight, 
 Difloyal Treafon, and heart-burning Hate : 
 But gnawing Jealoufy, out of their fight 
 Sitting alone, his bitter lips did bite; 
 And trembling Fear dill to and fro did flv, 
 And found no place where fafe he mroud him 
 
 might; 
 
 Lamenting Sorrow did in darknefs lie, 
 And Shame his ugly face did hide from living eye. 
 
 And over them fad Horror, with grim hue, 
 Did always foar, beating his iron wings ; 
 And after him owls and night-ravens flew, 
 The hateful meflengers of heavy things, 
 
 K~ Of
 
 REMARKS- ON SPENSER, 
 
 Of death and dolour telling fad tidings ; 
 Whiles fad Celeno, fitting on a clift, 
 A fong of bale and bitter forrow fings, 
 That heart of flint afunder would have rift : 
 Which having ended, after him (he flieth fwift. 
 
 All thefe before the gates of Pluto lay, 
 By whom they paffing. fpake unto them nought.- 
 At -laft, him to a little door he brought, 
 That to the gate of Hell, which gaped wide, 
 Was next adjoining, ne them parted ought : 
 Betwixt them both was but a little ftride, 
 That did the houfe of Riches from Hell-moutl 
 divide. 
 
 Before the door fat felf-confuming Care, 
 Day and night keeping wary watch and ward, 
 For fear left Force or Fraud ihotild unaware 
 Break in, and fpoil the trcrifure there in guard 
 Ne wouia he fuffer Sleep once thitherward 
 Approach, albe his drowfy den were next : 
 For next to Death is Sleep to be compar'd ; 
 Therefore his houfe is unto his annext : 
 Here Sleep, there Riches ; and Hell-gate them botl 
 
 betwixt. 
 
 Compare this with the following paffages. 
 Virgil, JEu.VI. 273. 
 
 Veftibuliim ante ipfum primifque in fauclbus Or.ci, 
 Lufius, et ultrices pofuere cubilia Cnr<e ; 
 
 5 Fallen! ej'qii*
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 1^ 
 
 Pa&Utfque bo**** Mor&, Irififae SentSFxs, 
 Et Metts, ft makfiuam Femn* ef txrpis Egefus, 
 Tar&tia vijx form*: Letbnmqte^ Labcnpu: 
 Tarn t**fo*tttnnu Letbi Sopor, ft mala mentis 
 Ganata, mortifcrvmqxe adzcrfo 
 
 Ffrra'qtu Enmcmidvm tbaiami^ et Difeer&a demau 
 Viper fum crixtm rittu.auuxa cntatiis. 
 
 ^-acs has taken nonce cf 
 
 Seneca, Here. Fur. 6S6. 
 
 Polos aurtisfeda Co<ytij<K!: , 
 fSf vyJtter, iUic InSifer bubo gemit^ 
 Omemyu trijbrefmuit i*fa*ftx ftrigis ; 
 Hsrrtnt opaca fronde xjgraxtss cvm* % 
 Tax* imminent e ; qmam tenet fegms S*ter> 
 Famefjue mgfta tabula riSnjaceiu ; 
 Pudfrqtu fens confdes vabus Uglt : 
 Mctus, ftawrfvr, Ftnaes % etfrendeiu Dolor, 
 Ateroue Lxffiu feqyiher, ft Morbms tr emeus y 
 Et cinffaffrro Bella : :s extreme ab&ta 
 Inen Sateftes adjwvat baculc gradum* 
 
 Ibid, 96. 
 
 Siounquf lambens fangninem Impietas f 
 Errerfitf, ef in jc jeasper armmtus F*rtr. 
 
 Idez:. Oedip. 590. 
 
 - ;*.TU Farcr, 
 f. (t unaqxicquid *itrr. tri&Kt 
 K 2
 
 l$Z REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Celantqtte tenebr*; Luttus evellens com am 
 Mgreque lajfum fujlinens Morbus capuf, 
 Gratis Seneftus fibimet, et pendens Metus. 
 
 Statius, in his defcription of the houfe of Mars, 
 Theb. VII. 47. 
 
 Primis falit Impetus amens 
 Eforibus^ cacumque Nffas, Ir<eque rubentes, 
 Exfangucfque Metus, occultijque enfibus adftant, 
 Infid'ne^ geminum^ue tenens Difcordia ferrum. 
 Innumeris ftrepit aula Minis. TriftiJJima Virtus 
 Stat medio, l<tufqus Furor, 'Vidtuque cruento 
 Mors armata fedet. 
 
 Claudian, in Ruf. I. 30. 
 
 Nutrix Difcordia belli, 
 Lnpericfa Fames, leto vicina Seneflus, 
 lm$atitnjque fui Morbus , Livorqite fecundis 
 Anxius, et fcijjo mcerens velamine Luffus, 
 Et 'Timor , e t caco pr<ceps Audacia vultu, 
 Et Luxus populator opum, quern femper adh<erens 
 Infelix humili grejjii comitatur Egeftas ; 
 Faedaque Avariti* complex* peftora matris 
 Jnfomnes longo veniunt examine Cur<e. 
 
 Laflantius, or whoever is the author of the poem 
 de Phoenice, v. 15. 
 
 Non hue exangues morbi, non <egra fenetfus, 
 
 Nee mors crudelis^ nee metus afper adit j 
 Nee fcelus infandum, nee opum vefana cupido, 
 
 Aut Mars, aut ardtns cadis amors furor.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 LuSvs acerbus abtfi, et egefias obfita poods f 
 Et cmr* infamneSj et vi olenta feats. 
 
 Where Morbi, Senfffus, Mars, Metms, 
 
 j Furor, Lucius, Egejtas, Cur*, Fames, (houid 
 be in Capitals, they being all Pertbns. 
 
 In what Spenfer fays of Celzno, he had Virgil 
 in view, Ja. III. 2- .-. 
 
 Una in prtcelfa cmfe&t rupf Cd*iu, 
 JnfeUx vatfs, ntfitque bane peffcre vocem. 
 " Pluto's griefly reign." Stanz. XXI. 4^ So 
 Ovid, Met. X. 1 5. 
 
 inanuna^uf regrta taentem 
 
 Unzrarun Izmir.:-. ";. 
 Virg. Georg. IV. 467. 
 
 Aha cfiia Dirts, 
 
 Et caligaxtem nigra fermutine Imaem 
 Ingrefus, Ma*ifc adiit, Regcwfr trtmendum, 
 
 s r A x z. xxix. 
 
 But a faint fhadow of uncertain light ; 
 Such as a lamp, whofe life does fade away : 
 Or as the moon, clothed with cloudy night, 
 Does (hew to him that walks in fear and fad affright. 
 
 Virgil, Jin. VI. 268, 
 
 Mart obfaari fob fib noBepcr vmtram, 
 ua!t per incertam but**, fib luce m*&g** t 
 Eft iter in films: ubi ceebtm eondidit umbra 
 : : .ter, ft rebus nox abfiubt airz nlcrtm. 
 
 K 3 I 7 A S 2.
 
 1^4- REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 STAN Z. XXXVI. 
 
 One with great bellows gather'd filling air, 
 And with forc'd wind the fuel did inflame; 
 Another did the dying bronds repair 
 With iron tongs, and fprinkled oft the fame 
 With liquid waves, fierce Vulcan's rage to tame ; 
 Who maiftering them, renew'd his former heat. 
 Some fcum'd the drofs that from the metal came ; 
 Some ftir'd the molten ore with ladles great; 
 And every one did fwink, and every one did fweat. 
 Virgil, JEn. VIII. 449. 
 
 Alii ventofis follibus auras 
 Acc'tpiunt redduntque : alii ftridentia tingunt 
 Mr a lacu. Gemit impofitis incudibus ant rum, 
 See Homer, II. 2. 468. 
 
 s T A N z. XLVI. 
 
 Speaking of the daughter of Mammon : 
 There, as in gliltring glory Ihe did fit, 
 She held a great gold chain ylinked well, 
 Whofe upper end to higheft heaven was knit, 
 And lower part did reach to lovveil hell ; 
 And all that Prefs did round about her fwell, 
 To catchen hold of that long chain, thereby 
 To climb aloft, and others to excell : 
 That was Ambition, ram defire to fly, 
 
 And every link thereof a ftep of dignity. 
 
 'Fofty, not explained in the GlofTary to Spenfer 3 
 
 is to/car, to afand. III. 11. 36. 
 
 Love
 
 ^5 ON SI. 
 
 Love can higher ftie 
 Than reafon's reach. 
 
 is, to afandy jpajeie, a ladder, ynjhel, 
 a ftep. I have been told that they call a ladder 
 afy in the north, bat pronounce iiftet. 
 
 s T A x z. LI i. 
 
 There mournful cyprefs grew in greateft ftore, 
 And trees of bitter gall, and heben fad, 
 Dead-fleeping poppy, and Cicuta bad, 
 With which th' unjuft Athenians made to die 
 Wife Socrates, who thereof quaffing glad 
 Pour'd out .his life, and iaft philofophy 
 To the fair Cririas, his dcareft belamy. 
 
 He had no authority, I prefume, for what he 
 :f Socrates and Cririas, Critias had been a 
 difciple of Socrates, but he hated his matter. Here 
 is the ftory, of which I fuppofe Spenfer had a con- 
 fufed idea: uam me dtlfffat Tberamtnfs! iptam 
 fJato aiumo eft ! etfi mm femus. cvm kgimgj, tamtn 
 fern mJftrabiUter sir dams emcrttser. >ui cvm cen- 
 jeffvs in career em iriginfa jujfu tjrarnwritm y L'tntmtm 
 ut Jiticns olduxiftty rtKyutmfic efocub ejerit, utid 
 refonaret : quo fonitu red&to, anidcns^ Propino, in- 
 quit, hoc pulcro Critize, qui in eumftterat :. 
 
 r,.;. r.: : :. _: 
 
 K 4 $ T A v z,
 
 "136 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z LV. 
 
 Here eke that famous golden apple grew, 
 The which emongft the gods falfe Aie threw; 
 For which th' Idaian ladies difagreed. 
 
 He calls boldly, but elegantly enough, 
 ladies > thofe goddeffes, 
 
 quas pajtor viderat olim 
 Idteis tunicam ponere verticibus. 
 
 CANTO VIII. I. 
 
 And is there care in heaven ? and is there loyc 
 In heavenly fpirits to thefe creatures bafe, 
 That may companion of their evils move ? 
 There is : elfe much more wretched were the cafe 
 Of men, than beafls. But O th' exceeding grace 
 Of higheft God ! that loves his creatures fo, 
 And all his works with mercy doth embrace, 
 That blefied Angels he fends to and fro 
 To ferve to wicked man, to ferve his wicked foe,, 
 
 How oft do they their filver bowers leave, -i 
 To come to fuccour us, that fuccour want? 
 How oft do they with golden pinions cleave 
 The flitting fkies, like flying purfuivant, 
 
 Again
 
 REMARKS <*N SPENSER. 157 
 
 Againft foul fiends to aid us militant ? 
 They for us fight, they watch and duly ward, 
 And their bright fquadrons round about us plant, 
 And all for lore, and nothing for reward : 
 O whyuiould heavenly G od to men have fuch regard! 
 
 Thefe arc fine lines, and would not fuffer by 
 being compared with any thing that Milton hi* 
 fud upon this fubject 
 
 s T A x z. v-. 
 
 Defcription of an Angel : 
 
 Befide his head there fat a fair young man, 
 Of wondrous beauty, and of freuieft years* 
 Whofe tender bud to bloflbm new began. 
 And flourilh fair above his equal pee: 
 His foowy front curled with golden hairs, 
 Like Phoebus' face adora'd with fanny rays, 
 
 (hone ; and two lharp winged (hears, 
 Decked with divers plumes, like painted jays, 
 
 Were fixed at his back, to cut his airy ways, 
 
 Like as Cupido on Idaean bill, 
 When, having laid his cruel bow away, &c. 
 
 Compare this with Milton's defcripdon of 
 
 Sir wings he wore, to (hade 
 His lineaments divine; the pair that clad 
 
 Badi
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Each flioulde; broad, came mantlingo'erhisbreaft 
 With regal ornament j the middle pair 
 Girt like a Harry zone his waift, and round 
 Skirted his loins and thighs with downy gold, 
 And colours dipt in heaven ; the third his feet 
 Shadow 'd from either heel with feather'd maile : 
 SJty-tinclur'd grain. 
 
 5 T A N Z. XI. 
 
 And ftrifeful Atin in their ftubborn mind 
 Coals of contention and hot vengeance tin'd. 
 to tine is to light, to kindle. 
 
 III. n i. 57- 
 
 Her hearty words fo deep into the mind 
 Of the young damzel funk, that great defire 
 Of warlike arms in her forthwith they tin'd. 
 
 III. vn. 15. 
 
 No love, but brutiih luft, that was fo beaftly tinM. 
 
 And in other places. But he often ufes it in a, 
 different way. Sec IV. vn. 30. IV. xi. 36, 
 II. xi. 21. and Milton, Par. Loft, X, 1075. 
 
 6 T A N Z. XVI. 
 
 What hearfe orfteed (faid he) fhould he have dight, 
 But be entombed in the raven or the kite ? 
 
 Gorgias
 
 N S?EX 
 
 Gorgias Leontinus called vujtun fai*g{ep*Ubrctt 
 for u hich he incurred the in- 
 dignation of Longimis; whether juftly or no I 
 (hall not fay. There is a thought not very unlike 
 it in Milton's Samfon Agoniftes, where Sarufon, 
 complaining of his blindnefs, fays : 
 
 To live a life half dead, a living death, 
 And buried ; but, O yet more mifeiable I 
 My ftlf my fepukkrc, a moving graves 
 Buried, yet not exempt 
 By privilege of death and burial 
 From worft of other evils. 
 
 Oid, Met. VI. 665. 
 Fkt modo, feque ?ocat bufhim miierai)ile nati, 
 
 s T A x z. L. 
 
 Nought booted it the Paynim then to drive : 
 For, as a bitturn in an eagle's claw, 
 Thatlnay not hope by flight to fcape ah've, 
 Still waits for death with dread and trembling awe; 
 So he 
 
 Ovid. Met. VI. 516. 
 No* alitfr, quam cum pcditnu predator abends 
 Dfpofiit mdo L'porem Jffiis alts in alto : 
 ffuttajuga fft capto: fpefiatjua prxmia raptor.* 
 
 VirgIL
 
 J4O REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Virgil. JEn. XI. 721. 
 
 facile accipiter Jaxo facer des ab alto 
 
 Confequitur pennis fublimem in nube columbam, 
 Comprenfamque tenet , pedibufque evifcerat ttncis ? 
 Turn cruor, et votfe labuntur ab <ethere plum*. 
 
 See a beautiful Fable in Hefiod, Ejy. 203. 
 
 S T A N Z. LII. 
 
 Fool, faid the Pagan, I thy gift defy: 
 But ufe thy fortune as it doth befall. 
 
 Virgil, ^n.XII. 932. 
 
 liter e forte tua. 
 
 S T A N Z. 
 
 Guyon fays to the old Palmer : 
 
 Pear Sir, whom wandering to and fro* 
 I long have lack'd, I joy thy face to view. 
 
 So Hughes's Edit, and Fol. Ed. 1679. But it 
 ought to be Dear Sire. In this Canto the Palmer 
 is often called Sire> as alfo in other Cantos of this 
 Book. 
 
 S T A N Z,
 
 ON STEN5ZS. 
 
 S T A S Z. iv. 
 
 And to die Prince vxtb JMBB^ reverence due, 
 As to die patron of his fife, thus tod : 
 
 I dare not affirm thatitlhoald be: 
 A&tetlx Pnoa bowi&g widi rmanetef &K, 
 
 Bat fee U. ix. 26. IL uc. 36. IV. ii. 23. IF 
 
 III. :. I 1. .15. 
 
 to her nidi reverence rare 
 He humbly looted. 
 
 C AKTO JX. 13. 
 
 Some wira unwieJdr dobs, foose wiA long fpcars, 
 Some nifty knives, foene (tares in fire warm'd. 
 
 Starios, Theb. IV. 
 
 Pars gtj* mam, fan nhnjemmst 
 ~ 
 
 _5, III. z~ le&Sa ieSa ttaaxs, 
 el htfKs sgK dxrjtzs npdkstsr. 
 
 2n.TIL 
 
 J. : ''. _" ": . : : .' .'.' .' / . .
 
 REMARKS ON 
 Arrian Indie, c. 24. 
 
 re ou ainwi Gwrvpa.)ilu[j.tvov TO a'ur iTroitE. Lanceas 
 gercbant crqffhs, fex cubitos kngas. Cufpis ferrea von 
 trat, fed igne tofta atque acuta eandem vim et efficaciam 
 txjerebat. 
 
 Herodotus, VII. 71. Ai'S-jfc St, -xfv /* 
 iirav tp^ovlff, axov1oi<ri Jt iVtxauIoio-t ^ptw/xfvoi. Libycs 
 autem corio armatl lire, acjaculis aditftls. So alfo the 
 Myfi. c. 74. 
 
 Propertius, IV. i. 
 
 Mifcebant ufta pr*elia ntuiafude. 
 
 s T A N z. xxi. 
 
 But of thing, like to that ^Egyptian finlie, 
 Whereof king Nine whilom built Babel tower. 
 That is, like to bitumen, which why he calk 
 Egyptian Jlime 9 I can't conceive. He might have 
 
 faid, 
 
 like to that Aflfyrian flime, 
 
 S T A N Z. XLI* 
 
 And ever and anon with rofie red 
 
 The bafhful blood her fnowy cheeks did die, 
 
 That her became, as polim'd ivory, 
 
 Which cunning craftfman's hand hath overlaid 
 
 With fair vermilion. 
 
 From
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 From Virgil, JEn. XII. 64. 
 
 dccepit vocem lacrimis Lavlnia matris, 
 Flag rant is perfufa genas : cm pluriwus ignem 
 Subjecit rubor, et cdefa&n per era cuatrrit. 
 Indum fongulneo veluti violaverit oftro 
 Si quis cbur, vel mixta rubent ubi lllia mult* 
 Alba rofd : taks virgo dabat ore color es. 
 
 V. in. 23. 
 
 Whereto her bafliful fhamefac'dnefs yrought 
 A great increafe in her fair blufhmg -face; 
 As rofes did with lillies interlace. 
 
 Homer. IL A. 141. 
 
 'fl; $* OTf T/f 
 .:> r\ 
 
 i quando aUqua tbur mulier purpv.ra, tinxfrit 
 
 vel Caria, 
 
 Claudian, R. Prof. I. 271. 
 
 mveos infedt purp:< 
 
 Per llquidas fttceenfa gettas : cajl^qnc +::Jor:s 
 Hltfxtrf faces. Noa jlc dtcus ifftiU tittftitm, 
 Lvdia Sidonio qiw& fcmina fuOtdrit oftro, 
 
 Sfatras, Achill. I. 304. 
 
 fas irilr&ta medulUs 
 In vulfus, atque ora rtdit, luctmque genaritm 
 
 ftxgtat
 
 144 REMARKS ON SPENSER* 
 
 TtxgMJt, et impulfum tenui fudore pererrat. 
 Laftea Majjageta veluti cum pocula fufcant 
 Sanguine puniceo, <uel ebur corrumpitur ofiro. 
 
 Ovid. Amor. II. v. 34. 
 
 At illl 
 
 Confcia purpureus venit in ora pudor. 
 Qttale rofe fulgent inter fua lllia rnixt* : 
 
 Aut ubi cantath Luna laborat equis : 
 Aut quod, ne longis fovefcere pojfit ab annis : 
 Mtfoais Affyrium femina tinxit ebur. 
 
 Met. IVi 330. ernbuife decebai. 
 
 Hie color aprica pendentibus arbore pomh, 
 Aut ebori tinfto eft, 
 
 Many more pafTages of ancient writers. might be 
 added, where thefe favourite comparifons occur. 
 
 CANTO X. I, III. 
 
 Who now ihall give unto me words and found, 
 
 Equal unto this haughty enterprife ? 
 
 Or who ftiall lend me wings, with which from ground 
 
 My lowly verfe may loftily arife, 
 
 Argument worthy of Masonian quill. 
 
 This folemn invocation is fomewhat like that in 
 Ovid, Faft. II. 119. 
 Nv.nc miki millefonos, qttoque eft memoratus Acbilks, 
 
 Fellem, Mseonide, peftus ineje tuum. 
 Deficit ingenium, majoraque viribus urguent. 
 
 liac mibi prxcipuo eft ore canenda dies. 
 
 s T A N z.
 
 BH num. 145 
 
 A X Z. XT. 
 
 Until a nation 
 Did themfclves through all tac North dii>by 
 Until that Locrbe, for bis realms defence, 
 Did head againll chem make, and ftroog munificence 
 
 $**re, Whether bv mataf /nag maapame be 
 means, he tonmed iamtetf againft tnan ? 
 
 S T A K Z. XTIII. 
 
 The fecood Brute (the fecood both in name, 
 And eke in fembbnce of his pumance great) 
 
 Virgil, JBa. VI. 768. 
 
 - : yd u mme rei&t 
 SShoa JEmeos , poriterptetftt vdermn 
 
 T 
 
 
 
 .Aad^idiiweetlaence mollilM their fhibbora heans. 
 
 Grid, de Pontp. IL ix. 47. 
 
 EmiBit meres, K: fxli iff 
 
 S T A S 2.
 
 '.146 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 STANZ. XXXIV. 
 
 In whofe fad time blood did from heaven rain. 
 
 A prodigy not unfrequent, if you will believe 
 ancient poets and hiftorians. 
 
 STANZ. XLV. 
 
 Then all the fons of thefe five brethren reign'd 
 By due fuccefs, and all their nephews late. 
 
 Nephews are nepotes, grandfons. Cornp. jiEn. 111.97, 
 So before, II. vm. 29. 
 
 Indeed, then faid the Prince, the evil done 
 Dies not, when breath the body fkft doth leave; 
 But from the grandfire to the nephew's fon, 
 And all his feed the curfe doth often cleave. 
 
 from the grandfire to the nephew's fon, to the third 
 and fourth generation. So in many other places. 
 
 STANZ. LVI. 
 
 Or to Hyfiphir or to Thomiris. 
 
 7omyris it mould be, though it is likely enough 
 that Spenfer might write it as it is printed. Bu 
 he furely never intended Hyjtphil\ It ihould tx 
 Hypfiphyle. 
 
 STANZ
 
 MARKS OX S?l 
 
 _>Ld, how firft Prane&cus did create 
 A ~ IT.. ::" .T.I.- ;?:.-.; :::rr. :i-2.": :. :rv': : 
 And then fiolc fiie ftoca hY*n, to aaimase 
 His work, for which be was by Jove deprived 
 Of life himfelf, and beart-ftrings of an eagle riVd. 
 
 That Jupiter fiew PrsxfScns is a ficHon of our 
 
 .'.-'. r~. : ' - ' - ' . r~. : ." .". r - ^ . i . . : . . . ~; : . . : :. -. : . . i _ . s 
 
 S T A X 2. Liilll. 
 
 Then ElSaor, wbr ig^ck iLill'd; 
 
 He built bj sat upoa the ghfify iea 
 A bridge of bfafs, wboie foam! beaTca's thm&dcr 
 ieem'd to be. 
 
 ^n. VL 585. 
 
 D. :-'; , .^: ;-:.:.-_" -:."...: C." ;.'. 
 
 QmeSmr He TKrHmi tqszs, et lamf&i- 
 
 Pfr Groom prtvht, mtfaapepr EEs mitm 
 
 Dfmims 
 
 JErt et ormpcsmm p**f* junfo 
 
 L z c A
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 CANTO XI. 4. 
 
 Ere long, they rowed were quite out of fight, 
 And faft the land behind them fled away. 
 
 Virgil, Mn. III. 72. 
 
 Provchimttr portu : terrxque urbefque recedunt. 
 
 s T A N z. xi 
 
 Likewife that fame third Fort, that is the Smell, 
 Of that third troop was cruelly aflay'd : 
 Whofe hideous fhapes were like to fiends of hell ; 
 Some like to hounds, fome like to apes dlfmay > d i 
 Some like to puttocks, all in plumes array 'd : 
 
 difmafd is frightened. But I can hardly think that 
 Spenfer ufes it here in that fenfe. Poffibly, by dlf- 
 mayd or difmade he means ugly, ill-flaps d. In 
 French malfait. Qnxre, Whether it fhould be a mif- 
 
 made ? 
 
 S T A N Z. XVIII. 
 
 Speaking of a flood : 
 
 And the fad hufoandman's long hope doth throw 
 Adown the flream, and all his vows make vain. 
 
 Ovid, Met. I. 272. 
 
 Sternuntur fegetes, et deplorata colonl 
 Votajacent\ longique tier it labor irrittts attni, 
 J Virgil
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 449 
 
 Virgil, Gcorg. I. 224. 
 
 S T A N 2. XIX. 
 
 The fierce Spumador, born of heavenly feed, 
 Such as Laomedon of Phosbus* race did breed. 
 
 Jupiter gave immortal horfes to Tros, which 
 were afterwards pofie&'d by Laomedon. 
 
 S T A K Z. XTXV, XXXVI. 
 
 Thereby there lay 
 
 An huge great (lone, which flood upon one end, 
 And had not been removed many a day ; 
 Some land-mark feem'd to be, or fign of fundry way. 
 
 The fame he fhatch'd, and with exceeding fwaj 
 Threw at his foe. 
 
 Virgil, Mn. XII. 896, 901. 
 
 Saoaa circamjpidt ingens: 
 &jntm atfipm, ngensj campo pod forte jactkzt, 
 Limfs agropofitus, Item ut tofccrwmt an - 
 Ittt mam raptitm treptia tartpabat hi fojtem. 
 
 Comp. Homer, II. *. 403. 
 
 L 3 S T A N Z.
 
 150 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 S T A N Z. XLII. 
 
 'Twixt bis two mighty arms him up he fnatch'd, &c. 
 
 The combat of Prince Arthur with Maleger is 
 taken from that of Hercules with Anraus. Com- 
 pare Spenfer with Lucan, IV. 693, &c. 
 
 CANTO xii. 23. 
 
 Bright Scolopendraes, arm'd with filver fcales, 
 Mighty Monoceros, with immeafured tails. 
 
 I would read, in the plural, as before. 
 Mighty Monocerofes, with irameafur'd ta/'/j. 
 
 So 11.x. 8. 
 As far exceeded men in their immeafured mights. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXIV. 
 
 Huge Ziffius, whom mariners efchew 
 No lefs than rocks (as travellers inform.) 
 I fancy he means Xiphias. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXV. 
 
 All thefe, and thoufand thoufands many more, 
 And more deformed monfters thoufand-fold, 
 With dreadful noife, and hollow rombling roar, 
 Came ruihing in the foamy waves enroll'd, 
 Which feem'd to flie for fear, them to behold. 
 
 Spenfer is very modeft here fee m V to file: though 
 in other places he talks in another flrain. Racine, 
 
 in
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. Ijl 
 
 in his Pbcdre, A.v. Sc. vi. upon a fubject like this, 
 lays, more boldly : 
 
 dependant, fur k dos de la plaine liquid?, 
 
 Sitirje a gros bouillons une moniagne bumide. 
 
 L* onde approcbc, fe brife, et vomit a nosj 
 
 Parmi dtsfots a" iatme, vn monftre furicux. 
 front large eft arme de cor ties meaafantfs ; 
 
 Tout fon corps eft cower t d* ecailles jaunijjantes. 
 
 Jndomptabk taureau, dragon impst:. . 
 
 Sa croupe fe recourse en rtpUs tortu; 
 
 $es longs mugifiemens font trembler k rhage. 
 
 Le Gel avec borreur volt ce monftre fain-age ; 
 
 La Terre s'en emeut ; /' air en ejt //; 
 
 Le Plot, qui T apporta, recule epouvante. 
 You may fee, in fome editions of Boileau, what 
 he and La Motte have faid upon thefe lines. 
 
 s T A N z. xx:;i. 
 
 Speaking of the Mermaids : 
 
 They were fair ladies, till : ftriv'd 
 
 With th* Heliconian Maids for maiflery; 
 Of whom, they overcomen, were deprived 
 Of their proud beauty, and th' one moiety 
 Transform'd to fifli, for their bold furquedry : 
 But th' upper half their hue retained ilill, 
 And their f\veet fkili in wonted melody ; 
 "Which ever after they abus'd to ill, 
 
 T' allure weak travellers, whom gotten they did kill. 
 
 It is plain by this, and by what follows, that 
 
 L 4 Spcnfer
 
 152 REMARKS OX SPENSER. 
 
 Spenfer defigned here to defcribe the Mermaids as 
 Sirens. He has done it contrary to mythology : 
 for the Sirens were not part women and part fifties, 
 as Spenfer and other moderns have imagined, but 
 part women and part birds. They were the 
 daughters of one of the Mufes, as fome relate. 
 We learn from the Emperor Julian, that they con- 
 tended with the Mufes ; but that the Mufes over- 
 came them, took their wings away, and adorned 
 themfelves with them, as with trophies, and in 
 token of their victory. 'Ax^a *Jc a/xJpiJig^ T* 
 reXwrnv wva-tv, c? raiV MaW? . vx. turu^wf 
 
 jJ'ftv, uv 'in TO 
 i* Epifl. XLI. 
 
 The fame ftory is to be found in other authors j 
 See Paufanias in Boeot. as cited in the Polyhiflor 
 SymbolicHS of Caufilnus, Lib. II. . 77. p. 302, 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXII, XXXIII. 
 
 So now to Guyon, as he pafled by, 
 
 Their pleafant tunes they fwectly thus apply'dj 
 
 " O thou, fair fon of gentle Fairy, 
 
 * That art in mighty arms moft magnify 'd 
 
 u Above all knights, that ever battle try'd ; 
 
 " O turn thy rudder hitherward a while :" 
 
 With that, the rolling fea refounding foft, 
 
 Jn his big bafe them fitly anfvvcred, &u 
 
 Thk
 
 REMARKS OX SPEXSE*. 153 
 
 This fong of the Mennaids is copied from 
 Homer, Odyff. M. 184. where the Sirens fay tq 
 IJlyfles: 
 
 5 ' fy MW, flroXaaw* *OaWn>, 
 N? xfljorm*, 1m NoVn* or* 
 yi -am 
 
 O decus Argolubtm, tptln jntppw JleZiis Uhjes, 
 Aurlbm ut noftrospofis agnofccre cant us* 
 Nam nemo b*c vnquam, &V. 
 
 What follows in Spcnfer, 
 
 With that the rolling fea refounding foft 
 
 is rery beautiful ; and is his own invention, as for 
 as I know. 
 
 STAN z. xxxvu. 
 
 Said then the Palmer; Lo! where does appear 
 The facred foil, where all our perils grow ! 
 Therefore,fir knight, your ready arms about you throvr, 
 
 jTte Jacred Jail was the place where the En- 
 chantrefs lived : therefore I conclude that by 
 fared he means turfed, deferable, according to that 
 ufe of the wordfjcfr. So V. xn. i. 
 
 O facred hunger of ambitious minds, 
 And impotent defire of men to reign ! 
 " Sacred hu: 3 fames. " Impotent defire;" 
 
 AS in Latin impotws rabies^ motui anim:, domhiatio, 
 
 S TAN Z.
 
 154 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 S T A N Z. XLVIII. 
 
 Speaking of the God who is called Genius : 
 
 Therefore a god him fage antiquity 
 Did wifely make, and good Agdiftes call. 
 
 There is an AgdiJIls, of whom fee a flrange (lory 
 in Arnobius, B. V. p. 158. and the notes of 
 Elmenhorft. Spenfer's Agdiftes is in Natalis 
 Comes. IV. 3. 
 
 S T. A N Z. L. &C. 
 
 Thus being entred, they beheld around 
 A large and fpatious plan, on every fide 
 Strowed with pleaiance, whofe fair graffy ground 
 Mantled with green, and goodly beautify 'd 
 With all the ornaments of Flora's pride,. 
 
 Thereto the heavens, always jovial, 
 Look'd on them lovely, (till in ftedfaft (late, 
 Ne fuffred florm nor froft on them to fall, 
 Their tender buds or leaves to violate; 
 Nor fcorching heat, nor cold intemperate 
 T' afflict the creatures, which therein did dwell ; 
 But the mild air with feafon moderate 
 Gently attempred, and difpos'd fo well, 
 That ftill it breathed forth fweet fpirit and wholefome 
 fmell. 
 
 More
 
 HEM ARKS C ER. l 5 ; 
 
 More fweet and wholeibme than the pleafant hill 
 Of Rhodope 
 
 He (ays, according to cuftom, mantled ~:ib green, 
 &c. inftead of saw mzntkd. Methinks he (hould 
 not have fingled out Rhodope, a mountain of 
 Thrace, as an agreeable fpot. The ancients are 
 againft him. Compare with Spenfer, Claudian's 
 defcription of the Garden of Venus, Nupt. Hoa. 
 and Mar. 51, 60. 
 
 Hxnc tuque comities audent vefilre pruln* ; 
 Hvnc vnti put/are tl taint ; bx*c LeJere nimbi. 
 Liaatri* Vnerlyu vacaf. Pars acriar anm 
 Exfxlat. JElcnipatft uubdgcxtia vcris. 
 Intus rura imcant 9 maubus qm* fubla noUss 
 PtrpctJ&m floreat Zeflyro amtcnta cobnd. 
 
 Lucretius, III. 18. 
 
 Sfdffquf qitutt: 
 
 xas tuqut comcutiipu venti* me<pu nub ill nim&s 
 Adffxrgtait, neqne nix aai concrfta pndad 
 Can* cadau v'udat : femperqne Innnbllus stbfr . 
 Integit, et large difujo Ixmiiu ridel. 
 
 Which lines are an excellent tranflanon of 
 Homer, Odvtt. Z. 42. Seealib Sklonhis. Cann. 
 11.407. 
 
 S T A K Z,
 
 I5*> REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 ST A N Z. LXIV. 
 
 Sometimes the one would lift the other quite 
 Above the waters, and then down again 
 Her plonge, as over-maiflered by might, 
 Where both a while would covered remain ; 
 Then fuddenly both would themfelvcs nnhele. 
 
 To unbelt) not explained in the GlofTary, is in 
 Spenfer to uncover, to expo ft to view. IV. v. 10. 
 Next did Sir Triamond unto their fight 
 The face of his dear Canacee unheal. 
 
 s T A N z. LXV. 
 
 Or as the Cyprian goddefs, newly born 
 Of th' Ocean's fruitful froth, did firft appear; 
 Such feemed they, and fo their yellow hair 
 Cryftalline humour dropped down apace. 
 
 Alluding to Venus eUuojUEvq. See Ovid, Art, 
 
 Amat. III. 224. and the Notes. 
 
 s T A N z. LXXIV. 
 
 Ah ! fee the virgin rofe, how fweetly fhe 
 Doth firft peep forth with bafhful modefly, 
 That fairer feems, the lefs you fee her may : 
 Lo ! fee foon after, how, more bold and free, 
 Her bared bofom (he doth broad difplay ; 
 
 Lo ! fee foon after, how fhe fades and falls away. 
 So paffcth, &c. 
 
 Compare this with Aufonius, Idyll. XIV. 23.
 
 F.EMAP.SS C SR. 15 ~ 
 
 "Momentum intererat, 6sV. 
 Qeam longa ma tics, *tas tarn loKga rcjanntg 
 
 twspubefcenttsJKn8aJneta premit. 
 Quam modo nafcenttm rutilus caxfpexit Ecus, 
 
 Hanc re&exsfero vefpere vrit aattm. 
 CoIIige, virgo, rofas, dumfos ncrcus, et nova pubes^ 
 
 Et memor eflo tevumfc propcrars tzuat. 
 
 It would be endlefs to colled all the poetical trifles 
 that occur upon this {"abject. I (hall confiae iny- 
 felf to this Epigram in the Anthologia : 
 
 VM, Pa&xXziz, r'.h 
 
 tW, /a^fi? T x^ 
 Kal 
 
 T 
 
 Of which the following (already inferted in the 
 5 POETICI : See No. XII. Page 21.) is 
 given as a Tranflation. 
 
 bi b<ec y Rcdc.. :'.a ferta inrenti: 
 
 Texuit bxcfolo doSa ab Amare mexus t 
 
 Jianque rofamyts kgens, moll&aqu ammomm, et 
 
 Indue :uix. Florwi tjfc asemfnto 9 
 
 PuLrior bh $ . :<& et brevior. 
 
 s T A >* z 4
 
 158 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. LXXVIII. 
 
 like flarry light, 
 Which fparkling, on the filent waves, does feem 
 
 more bright. 
 Horace : Lib. II. Od. v. 19. 
 
 Iff pura nofturno renldct 
 Luna marl. 
 
 <c Silent waves." Undue ncZlun:a. Silence denotes night- 
 time or midnight in the Latin Poets, when applied 
 to the world, moon,Jlars,fea 9 feV. Though perhaps 
 waves he means quiet; not violently moved. 
 
 STAN Z. LXXXI. 
 
 The account how Guyon and the Palmer took 
 Acrafia in a net, is from the well-known (lory of 
 Vulcan. 
 
 S T A N Z. LXXXVI. 
 
 The enchantrefs Acrafia is reprefented, like Circe 
 in Homer, as changing men into beads. After 
 Guyon had taken her Captive, " the Palmer," fays 
 the poet, " ftruck the beafts with his ftaff, and they 
 became men again." 
 
 But one above the reft in fpecial, 
 That had an hog been late, hight Grill by name, 
 Repined greatly, and did him mifcall, 
 That had, fromhoggifli form, him brought to natural. 
 This is taken from a Dialogue in Plutarch, infcrib'd
 
 1XMASSS ON SFEXSOL. 159 
 
 where Grtfaa, one 
 of die companicfis of Ul rfies, transformed into a 
 bog by Circe, holds a d&bouHie widi Ul jflcs, and 
 rcfafcs to be reftorcd to bis human fhipe. 
 
 BOOK ffl. 
 
 S T A X Z. II. 
 
 I _: ".". .r.r -" ~- ~ " ---'~. r-:: ^r~:: "f. 
 Nor lifc-refcsabliag pendl k caa paint, 
 
 A.. -=?:- : Ic-~. : . ;: '. :^. ...... 
 
 7 . ......: --: r.: r 1:1:;:. 
 
 C A X T O I. 46. 
 
 For fee was foil of amiable grace, 
 
 ^Aod. OKUuir f '^ri P m.pf fnucc^i Tn^rry^^iTti^lL 
 
 ClioiaiL, Cod". Pr. G OL 91. 
 
 <snnK% f&Sxry* fsxn 
 
 inhisvaT, calls kAirrar 
 
 c A XT o ii. 27. 
 
 AH tint foUoTTs, from this Seacza to tbc esd of 
 
 :".? GIJ:::. .: ::-'.! :::~ '" :r "- ; C : :. .: : : ? 
 fcis: aad manylioes in net poem are hoe tracfbted, 
 
 ^ ..: .:::! ::: ~::i. 
 
 ' STAXZ.
 
 l6a REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. XL VII. 
 
 She, therewith well apaid, 
 The drunken lamp down in the oil did fteep. 
 
 Ciris. 344. 
 
 Inverfo bibulum rejlinguens lumen olivo. 
 
 Where fee Scaliger. " Drunken Lamp :" So 
 Prudentius, CATHEM. ad incenfum cerei, 21. 
 Vivax jkwima viget> feu cava teftula 
 Succum linteolo fuggerit ebrio, 
 Seu pinus plceam fert alimoniam, r 
 Sen ceram tcretem faippa calens bibit. 
 
 Martial, X. 38. 
 
 - lucerna 
 Ntmbis ebria Nicerotianis. 
 
 Ariftophanes calls a lamp sroV/i? Xu^w*, Nub. 57, 
 and it is a more proper metaphor to reprefent it 
 as a great drinker, than as a great eater : Yet 
 Alczeus T? TsroTaf AU^V? oiSrQoiyv? tTrrfv, fays Suidas 
 on the word 
 
 The antient Poets are fond of this metaphor. 
 Claudian, Conf. Pr. etOl. 250. 
 
 jam prcfluat ebriits amnls 
 Mutatis in vina vadis, 
 
 Sidonins,
 
 .REMARKS ON SPENSER. l6l 
 
 SidonLos, Carrn. XV. 129. 
 
 EJnia *fcjol*m fiirat aadylia JMX. 
 
 ?: -e;::iu5, IT-:'. IT.C. 1044. 
 
 OJfarft mamm vertktm, larbam grave* , 
 Pittas madentes, atque amiSbts ebrios. 
 
 Martial XIV. 154 
 
 Ebria Sidom* atrnfm df Jaxgmu conchy 
 Nw video quart Jobri* la** voter. 
 
 Homer. II. p. 389. 
 'Os fir' 
 
 fro atm vtr taxri ham magm pcUtm 
 Popxlu dedrrit dtfe*de*dam itniam plngaetu. 
 So liaias, according to the verfion of the LXX. 
 Chap. Iviii. 10. ^ Ira* ^ n^O* u5w. See Deut. 
 xxxii. 42. Ifai. xxxhr. 7. 
 
 So, on the other hand, Tibullus, II. i. 46. 
 
 Mijuupie Jeooro jobrui fympba mero ejl. 
 Starius, Silv.IV. n. 36. 
 
 Umbrsvit caUts, et fabria mra Ly*us~ 
 IV. in. u. 
 
 $ui cjjl* Ccrtri m negate 
 Rfdditjugfra, fobriafyu terras. 
 
 M CANTO
 
 l6l REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 CANTO III. 29. 
 
 Where thee yet fliall he leave, for memory 
 Of his late puiflance, his image dead, 
 That, living him, in all activity 
 To thee fhall reprefent. 
 
 That is; He, dead,foall leave tbee bis image. Or, Us 
 image dead is, the image of kirn dead. When he dies, 
 he fliall leave thee a fon, the image of himfelf. 
 
 II. x. 34. 
 His fon Rival his dead room fhall fupply. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxu. 
 
 Merlin gives an account to Britomartis of the 
 illuftrious Britifh Princes that were to defcend from 
 her*, and having mentioned Malgo, breaks out 
 thus: 
 
 Behold the man, and tell me, Britomart, 
 If ay more goodly creature thou didft fee ; 
 How like a giant in each manly part 
 Bears he himfelf with portly majefty, 
 That one of the old heroes feems to be! 
 
 Thefe elegant lines are a diflant copy of what 
 Anchifes fays in Virgil to ./Eneas, when he (hews 
 him his poflerity. JEn. VI. 771, &c. 
 
 2<i juvenes, quant as oftcr.iant, afp'tce, lircs! 
 Vidcn ut geminte Jlant vertice crift* t 
 hit -'/;-, lie ejl, iibi quern promiHi f?pins audis, &c. 
 S It
 
 KEMAXKS ON SFENSEK. 163 
 
 It "*g be ODfCu&LfD Spenier, that giciliu DOC 
 c a|1 ^' n g IDC pofbcntT of Bntomartts to appeal be- 
 fore her, but only gmisg her an account of them, 
 'tis a little violent to break out, 
 
 Behold the man, &c. 
 
 '' r.'~. '.~. r r M ; : r : ; r::~::~:.~i^:::;: _~ " i ~ ' : : ~ :; 
 that rat before. He ufcs faa for / /t, ac- 
 
 S T A 3T Z. 
 
 Was never fo great wafte in any place, 
 Nor fo foul outrage doen by living men; 
 For afl thy cities they (hall feck and me, 
 And the green graft, that grcnreth, therfliaUbien; 
 That even the wild beaft (hail die in flarve4 den. 
 
 Afinedefcripriiaf pttcrdffobtion 
 isvafiiyboid; yet not to be coodemaed 
 I think. 
 
 S T A 5T Z. ILIII. 
 
 After Merlin had given an accorattof theruia 
 
 c: :hs feint; 
 
 The Damzd was &H deep cmpafio^ed, 
 Both for his grief, and for her peopie's &ke, 
 Whofe future woes fo plain he dhioned; 
 Aad fighing fore, at length him thus befpake, fcc. 
 
 M ;
 
 164 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 This is natural and poetical. So Milton, Par, 
 Loft, XI. 754. 
 
 How did ft thou grieve then, Adam, to behold 
 The end of all thy offspring, end fo fad, 
 Depopulation ! thee another flood, 
 Of tears and forrow a flood thee alfo drown'd, 
 And funk thee as thy fons; till gently rear'd 
 By th* Angel, on thy feet thou ftood'ft at laft, 
 Tho' comfortlefs, as when a father mourns 
 His children, all in view deftroy'd at once ; 
 And fcarce to th' Angel utter'dft thus thy plaint. 
 
 s T A N z. L, 
 
 There Merlin ftay'd, 
 As overcomen of the Spirit's power, 
 Or other ghaftly fpectacle difmay'd, 
 That fecretly he faw, yet n'ote difcouer : 
 Which fudden fit, and half extatic ftour, 
 When thofe two fearful women faw, they grew 
 Greatly confufed in behaviour. 
 At laft the fury paft ; to former hue 
 /.><? turn'd again, and cheerful looks, asearft,didfliew. 
 
 So Hughes's Ed. and Fol. 1679. But it ihould 
 be, He turn'd again ; i. e. Merlin. 
 
 CANTO
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 165 
 
 C A X T O I v . 1 . 
 
 For all too long I burn with envy fore, 
 To hear the warlike feats which Homer (pake 
 Of bold Penthefflee, which made a lake 
 Of Greckifh blood fo oft in Trojan plain: 
 But when I read, how ftout Debora ftrake 
 Proud Silera, and how CamilT hath flain 
 The huge Oriilochus, I iVeii v--l:h g:e^: difui!?.. 
 
 He is miftaken about Pntb fplta, of whom 
 Homer makes no mention. As to Orftodms be is 
 right, 
 
 . i, ^n. XI. 690. 
 
 Profirats OrJSocIm, ft E*U*, duo maxim* Tctmm 
 Corpora, fefr. 
 
 ST AXZ. r. 
 
 Then when I fliall my felf in fafety fee, 
 A table for eternal monument 
 Of thy great grace, and my great jeopardy, 
 Great Neptune, I avow to hallow unto thee. 
 
 " A Table:" tdndm vntroa. Horace, Cann, I. V. 
 
 Fbtiva paries auBcat xrida 
 
 Pefsmata marts deo. 
 See Broukhufius on Tibiillus, L in. 28. 
 M 3
 
 I 66 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z . XV. 
 
 I mean not thee intreat 
 To pafs ; but mauger thee will pafs, or die. 
 
 Milton, Par. Loft. II. 684. 
 
 through them I mean to pafs, 
 That be aiTur'd, without leave afk'd of thee. 
 
 s T A N z. xix. 
 
 . Who on a day 
 
 Finding the Nymph afleep in fecret where, 
 As he by chance did wander that fame way. 
 
 Poflibly : in fecret, where 
 
 As he by chance did wander that fame way. 
 
 Spenfer perpetually ufes whereas for where. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXIII. 
 
 Shortly upon that more there heaped was 
 Exceeding riches and all precious things, 
 The fpoil of all the world; that it did pafs 
 The wealth of th' Eafl, and pomp of Perfian kings. 
 
 Milton, II. i. 
 
 High on a throne of royal ftate, &c. 
 
 S T A N Z.
 
 OX 
 
 S T A V . ZXXv 
 
 A Sea-Nymph finding her foo dad, in appear- 
 
 Dear image of myfcif, (he (kid, duiis 
 The wretched foo of wretched mother horn! 
 Is this thine high advancement? O! is this 
 
 Thy grandirc Noeos promisM to adorn ? 
 
 There is a paflage not unlike dns in Stanus, 
 Thcb. IX. 375. where a Nymph mourns for her 
 fcn that was flaia: 
 
 S T A K Z. XXXVIII. 
 
 O ! what avails it, of immortal Iced 
 
 j. : r-rtr. vrrcc. 2JL n-~rr rc~ T2 ^.:r ? 
 Far better I it deem to ex widi fpccd, 
 Than wafie in woe and wailml miSerr. 
 
 Vigil, JEo. Xfi. 879. 
 
 r*tm? oar mortis 
 iotas JmlAra 
 
 M ^ Cv!- r
 
 1 68 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Ovid, Met. I. 662. 
 
 Sed nocet effe Deum, Praclufaque janua leibi 
 Mternam noftros luftus extendit in avum. 
 
 S T A N Z. XLIII. 
 
 Deep in the bottom of the fea her bovver 
 Is built, &c. 
 
 Compare this Sea-Nymph's bower with that of 
 Cyrene in Virgil, Georg. IV. 362. 
 
 Jamque domum mirans gemtrich et humida regna, 
 Speluncifque lacus claufos, &V. 
 
 And with that of Achelous in Ovid, Met. VIII. 561. 
 
 S T A N Z. XLIX. 
 
 Yet ftill he wafted, as the fnow congeal'd, 
 When the bright fun his beams thereon doth beat. 
 
 Ovid, Met. III. 487. 
 
 Sed ut iniabefcere fava: 
 Igne kvl cer<e, matutin^eve pruin<e 
 Sole tepente folent, Jic attenuates amore 
 Liquitur ; e t c<eco paullatim carpitur ignl. 
 
 CANTO VI. 12. 
 
 In what he fays of Venus feeking her fon, fome 
 things are taken from the"E^w? ffonrirw of Mofchus. 
 
 S T A N Z.
 
 ARKS ON SPENSBH. 
 
 STJLKZ. XXIX. 
 
 The garden of Adonis. 
 
 Pliny XIX. 4. AtiyatasmM pros unrataef yum 
 Hcfperubm bones, a reptm Mom&s ft Jldmi. 
 
 s T A N z, XLII. 
 
 Speaking of the garden of Adonis : 
 
 There is continual fpring,. and hanreft there 
 Continual, both meeting at one time : &c. 
 
 Taken from Homer's defcripdon of the garden 
 of Alcinous, Odyff. H. 117. 
 
 Zt$ofoi mute*, ra/cb^aei, 
 
 Ex usfrtEUu nuupum peril, wptt deficit 
 
 ttemc, mtpe *fatc, t#o MHO d*rms: fed fane ffmpcr 
 
 STAN Z. I. 
 
 And his true love, fair Pfyche, with him plays, Sec. 
 See Apuleius. 
 
 c A x T o
 
 170 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 CANTO VII. I. 
 
 Like as a hind 
 
 Yet flies away of her own feet affeard, 
 And every leaf, that fliaketh with the leaft 
 Murmur of wind, her terrour hath encreaft. 
 
 Horace, Carm. I. xxm. i. 
 
 Vitas hinnuleo me Ji mills, Chloe, &c. 
 
 S T A N Z. IV. 
 
 Need teacheth her this leflbn hard and rare, 
 That Fortune all in equal lance doth fvvay, 
 And mortal miferies doth make her play. 
 
 Ovid, Ex Pont. IV. in. 49. 
 
 Ludit in httmanis divina potentia rebus* 
 In equal lance, in equal balance. 
 
 s T A N z. XLI. 
 
 The marble pillar, that is pight 
 Upon the top of Mount Olympus hight, 
 For the brave youthly champions to affay 
 With burning chariot wheels it nigh to fmitc. 
 
 A ftrange miflake to think that the Olympick 
 games were performed upon the top of Mount 
 Olympus. " Burning Wheels :" fervidis rotis. Horace* 
 
 CANTO
 
 XZMARKS ON SPENSER : - : 
 
 CANTO VIII. 50. 
 
 Proteus is fhepherd of the feas of yore, 
 
 And hath the charge of Neptune's mighty herd. 
 
 Virgil, Georg. IV. 394. 
 
 Qyippe ita Neptuno vifum eft : inmama cttjus 
 Armenia, et turpis pajcit fub gurgite pboau. 
 
 CANTO ix. 7. 
 
 For who wotes not, that woman's fubtilues 
 Can guilen Argus, when fhe Kft mi((lone ? 
 It is not iron bands, nor hundred eyes, 
 
 brazen walk, nor many wakeful fpies, 
 That can witb-hold her wilful wandring feet. 
 
 Ovid, Amor. III. iv. 19. 
 
 Centum frmte oaths* centum eervue gerebat 
 Argus: et bos unus fepe fefettit Amor. 
 
 Horace, Carm. III. 
 
 Influjam Danaen turris arxea, 
 Robttjleque fores 9 et vigibtm eamtm 
 Trifles excubue mttmerant fat :s 9 &c. 
 
 S T AN Z. XII, &CC. 
 
 Britomartis is driven by a ftonn, in the evening, 
 to feek flicker in a flied, which happened to be full 
 
 of
 
 I 72 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 of guefts, whom the fame neceffity had brought 
 there : flie is refufed entrance, challenges them, 
 and fights with one of them. This feems to be 
 copied from a like ftory in Statius, Theb. I. 406. 
 
 liquentla nimbis 
 
 Ora comafque gerens, fublt uno tegmme, cujus 
 Fufus hurno gelida, pattern prior hofpes habebat y &c. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Sorely thereat he was difpleas'd, and thought 
 How to avenge himfelf fo fore abus'd, 
 And evermore the carl of courtefy accus'd. 
 
 The fenfe muft be accufed him of difcourtejy y of 
 rudenefs : and fo he has it, VI. 1 1 1. 33. 
 
 fo foul abus'd 
 
 Of a rude churl, whom often he accus'd 
 Of foul difcourtefy, unfit for knight. 
 
 s T A N z. xix. 
 
 Yet fecretly their hoft did at them lour, 
 And welcom'd more for fear than charity : 
 But they diflembled what they did not fee, 
 And welcomed themfelves. 
 
 I mould think they diflembled what they did 
 fee;- or, what they would not fee. 
 
 S T A N a.
 
 REMARKS ON i?ES5ER. 
 
 S T A V Z. LI. 
 
 Paridel fays to Britomartis : 
 
 Therefore, Sir, I greet you welL 
 
 As if he thought her a knight ; whereas it 
 appears from Stanz. XX, &c. that be muft have 
 known that (he was a woman. The fame fauk is 
 to be found lower, IV. vi. 34. 
 
 CANTO T. 47. 
 
 Malbecco, 
 
 like a goat emongft the goats did rufh, 
 That through the help of his fair horns on hight, 
 
 i mifty damp of mifconceiving night, 
 And eke through likenefs of his goaiih beard, 
 He did the better counterfeit aright. 
 
 He gives Malbecco a pair of real horns, becaufe 
 he was a cuckold : which is defcending very low. 
 He makes amends for this fault in the fequel, 
 where the transformation of Malbecco into Jealoufy 
 
 c A 2? T o aci. 14. 
 
 , who nill bide the burden of diftrefs, 
 Muft nxx here think :o live ; for life is wretchedness. 
 
 Tcrctdretbefs, fays Spenfer. Juftfo lays Solon 
 
 to
 
 Ijq. REMARKS ON SPENSEK. 
 
 to Crcefus, in Herodotus, I; 32. *Ov1u uv, KfoIW, 
 aoiv If-j, av<$W7r(@> <ru/*(poij. Ita igitur, Crcefe, uni- 
 vcrfum eft, homo catamites. 
 
 S T A N Z. XIX. 
 
 Life is not loft, faid me, for which is bought 
 Endlefs renown, that more than death is to be fough 
 
 He ought to have faid : 
 
 that more than life is to be fought. 
 
 Virgil, JEn. V. 230. 
 
 vitamque volunt pro laude pacifd. 
 
 8 T A N Z. XXX, &C. 
 
 Speaking of Jupiter : 
 
 Now like a ram, fair Helle to pervert, 
 Now like a bull Europa to withdraw.' 
 Soon after that into a golden fliower 
 Himfelf he chang'd, fair Danae to view. 
 Then was he turn'd into a fnowy fwan, 
 To win fair Leda to his lovely trade. 
 Twice was he feen in foaring eagle's ihape, 
 And with wide wings to beat the buxom air: 
 Once when he with Afterie did 'fcape 
 Again, when as the Trojan boy fo fair 
 He fnatch'd from Ida hill. 
 
 In
 
 ARXS ON SPEtfSEl. 175 
 
 In Satyr's (hape Antiopa he lhatch'd, 
 And like a fire, when he jfcgin' aflaytt : 
 A fhepherd, when Mnemofyne he catclTd: 
 And like a ferpent to the Thracian maid. 
 
 From Ovid, Met. VI. i 
 
 ALecmis elufam defgnat bugxjurtaai 
 
 Europe*. 
 
 Fecit a After ten aqutia luBante tenerit 
 Feat ohrims Ledan recubare fab a&: 
 4Mt, Mt Satyri celatus imagine ptkbram 
 Jupiter implertt gntmm Nj&ida f*t* : 
 ^mpbitrjmfuerity cum te, TjrintlnA, cepit : 
 Areas ut Danaen* Afopida ht/erit ignexs ; 
 Mtemojjnfn pa/far: varies Detuda farpenz. 
 I dcm't remember to have read that Jupiter 
 turned himfelf into a ram for Helle's fake. She 
 whom Spcnfer calls the ttracia* maid, is called 
 by Ovid Deofc, and fuppofed to be Proferpina. 
 As Spenfer fays, to beat the buxom air, So Milton : 
 WixnffSM the buxom air. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxvi. 
 
 And thou, fair Phoebus, in thy colours bright, 
 Waft there enwoven, and the fad diftrefs 
 In which that Boy thee plunged, for defpite 
 That thou bewraydH his Mother's wanronnefe. 
 For-thy he thrill'd thee \dth a leaden dart, 
 To love fair Daphne, which thee loved 
 
 It
 
 176 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 It is a downright blunder to fay that Cupid mot 
 Apollo with a leaden dart, when he made him 
 love Daphne. Hear Ovid, Met. I. 468. 
 
 Eque faglttlfera promfit duo telapharctra 
 Dherforum operum. Fugat hoc, faclt lllud amorem. 
 ^nodfadt, auratum eft, ct cufpide fulget acuta : 
 Quodfugat, obtufum eft, et habet fub ar undine plumbum f 
 Hoc Deus in nympha Pencldc fixlt ; at illo 
 Ltffa Apoll'meas trajefta per offa medullas. 
 
 Spenfer fays that Phoebus was thus punifhed for 
 having difcovered the affair of Mars and Venus ; 
 but Venus took her revenge of him, by making 
 him fall in love with Lcucothee. At leaft Ovid 
 fays fo, Met. IV. 190. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxvii. 
 
 He fays that Coronis, the miftrefs of Apollo, 
 was turned into a fweet-briar : a metamorphofis, 
 of which Ovid fays nothing in the ftory of 
 Coronis. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxix. 
 
 Speaking of Phoebus : 
 
 He loved life for his deareft dame, 
 And for her fake her cattle fed awhile, 
 And for her fake a cowherd vile became ; 
 The fervant of Admetus, cowherd, vile, 
 
 Whiles
 
 MARKS ON SPENSER. 177 
 
 Whites that from heaven he fufiered exile. 
 Long were to tdl each other lovely fir, 
 Now like a lion, hunting after fpoil, 
 Now like a bag, now like a falcon flit. 
 
 .Here is a fault, either of the poet's, or elfe occa- 
 fioned by a wrong punchiation : for, as the text 
 Hands, the fenfe is, that Apollo, for the fake of Ifle, 
 and that he might feed her cattle, became the cow- 
 herd of Admetus. They are two diftinct Fables; 
 and they might be feparared by a full ftop, or a 
 colon, thus: 
 
 And for her fake a cowherd vile became : 
 The fervant of Admetus, cowherd vile, 
 Whiles that from heaven he fuffered exile. 
 
 That is: be alfo became the Jerv&t ofAJmetus, a 
 
 cff&bcrd vile, &c. This is pretty much in Spenfer's 
 
 elliptical manner, fo that poffibly he might intend 
 
 >: :b. 
 
 In Hughes' Edit, it is: 
 
 fbe Jcroait of Admetus' cffssbcrl vile. 
 
 That is, ttcjernut cftbe arssbcrl tfAlmct*s; which 
 
 is ftill worfe. 
 
 He follows Ovid, Met. VI. 122. 
 
 Efk ilEcagre/u imagine Pbsltu : 
 Utquf meti accipitris pfxisas, mado terga betas 
 Ge/erit; ut faf^r MotoreM* bferit Ijfm. 
 
 The vrords in Ovid, agrejtis imagine Pbxbus, which 
 
 ^ N *r-
 
 i;8 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 are not explained by the Commentators that I 
 have feen; relate probably to his ferving Admetus. 
 Inftead of bag, I read 
 
 Now like a flag, now like a falcon flit. 
 
 Natalis Comes, IV. 10. fays of Apollo : Fertur bic 
 tieus in varias formas ob amores fuijft mutatus in leo- 
 nem, in CERVUM, in accipitrem. 
 
 ST A N Z. XL. 
 
 That his fwift chariot might have paffage wide, 
 Which four great Hippodames did draw in team- 
 wife ty'd. 
 
 Hippopotamoi, Sea-horfes. 
 
 STANZ. XLI, XLII. 
 
 For, privy love his bread empeirced had ; 
 Ne ought, but dear Bifaltis, ay could make him glad. 
 
 He loved eke Iphimedia dear ; 
 And ^Eolus' fair daughter, Arne hight, 
 For whom he turn'd himfelf into a fleer, 
 And fed on fodder, to beguile her fig'at. 
 Alfo to win Deucalion's daughter bright, 
 He turn'd himfelf into a dolphin fair; 
 And like a winged horfe he took his flight, 
 To fnaky-lockt Medufa to repair, 
 On whom he got fair Pegafus, that flitteth in the air. 
 
 He
 
 MARKS ON SPEJtfSJKR, 
 
 He fpeaks of Neptune. From Ovid, Met. VI. 115. 
 Te yuyu mutatvm torvo, Neptune, froou* 
 Vtrgme in Meliapofsit* Tit viftts Etupeus 
 Gigms dtiidasi artis Bifaltidafa&s. 
 
 r, fiava comas, frmgum mitiffim* mater, 
 Snfit tquum; te fnfit avem crimta colmbris 
 Mater fpti tw&rrv: fnfit ddpbhu Mctantby. 
 See the Commentators. See alio Hefiod, Thepg. 
 bo fays^ that when Perfeus cut off the head 
 rdiiik, Pegafus (prang forth. 
 
 S T A K Z. XL 1 1 1. 
 
 .rjrn was, (but who would ever ween 
 That fallen Samrn ever ween'd to love? 
 
 : love is fallen, and Saturn-like fc: 
 As he did for Erigone it prove ;) 
 
 .: to a Centaur did himfelf tranfinove. 
 So prov'd it eke that gracious God of wine, 
 \^~hen for to compafc PhUlira's hard love, 
 He turn'd himfelf into a fruitful vine, 
 And into her fair boforri made his grapes decline. 
 How many miftakes are here! Saturn, fays he, 
 lov'd Erigone, and Bacchus Phillira. On the con- 
 uary, Bacchus loved Erigone, and Saturn Pbifyra, 
 for that is her name. Nor did Saturn turn him- 
 felf into a Centaur, but into a horfe. 
 Ovid. Met. VI. 125. 
 
 Liber mt Erigmien falf* detepcrit roa: 
 U: ~.:-:'.rrou emu gemtmum Cbirona crcxrit. 
 1 N -
 
 l8o REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Virgil, Georg. III. 92. 
 
 Talis et ipfe jubam cervice effudit equina 
 Conjugis adventu pernix Sdturnus, et ahum 
 Pelion hinnitu fugiens implevit acuto. 
 
 Where he follows Apollonius, Lib. II. 
 That gracious God of wine. By gracious perhaps he 
 mzaxishandfome. So the French, if I miftake not, 
 ufe the word gracieux. It might be proved from 
 a thoufand teftimonies of ancient authors, that Bac- 
 chus was very handlbme. Broukhufius has col- 
 lected fome of them, in his notes on Tibullus, II. 
 i ii. 35. where he is very angry with thofe moderns, 
 who in pidlures, images, and poetry, make Bac- 
 chus deformed, and with a huge belly : Pueriliter 
 peccant noftri artifices, qui Bacchum fingunt et pingunt 
 enormiter obefum ac pinguem, cum prominence aquali- 
 culoj &c. However it is obfervable that Bacchus 
 has had this affront put upon him in ancient times ; 
 and has been reprefented as bloated and tun-bellied, 
 if we may believe the Scholiaft of Ariftophanes, 
 Ran. 202. where Charon fas to Bacchus: 
 
 And the Scholiaft notes : 
 
 S T A N Z,
 
 OK STENSEK. iSl 
 
 STAXZ- ILTJI. 
 
 On which there fiood an image all alone 
 
 Of naff grid. which ith bis own light flione; 
 
 - .-.: .: :::. v .-- 
 
 Hcfpcaksof an image of CcpkL In an Epagi jm 
 
 ftilS 
 
 ti3mf*Kt 
 
 c A s T o xn. 7. 
 
 OrtlutiainedaoqrLad, that was 6> dear 
 To great Akkks, tha whcn-as he dy*d, 
 
 I1-: - .;C ;...l--. . . '..'. 7.'.7. L !r_". ;,;. 
 
 It is impoeskal to make Hjfas <fir. TheNjmphs 
 
 Indeed, die cbona in Seneca's Medea fpeaks of 
 die deadi oHhsms. T. 647. 
 
 aims* 
 
 But deie was a rrafoo for k. The choms oi>- 
 rrndiaxdieAigpQaaMscanKroyirfo^ 
 
 tjberefote mendons onhr the death of Ift&r, 
 and polks orer die poetkal fionr of his being made 
 N 3
 
 l2 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 a Deity. Aufonius alfo fpeaks of his death., 
 Epigr. XCV. 
 
 Afpice quam bland* necis ambitione fruatur y 
 Letifera experiens gaudia> pulcber Hylas ! 
 
 Cfcula et infejlos inter moriturus amores. 
 Ami-piles patitur Naiadas Eumenides. 
 
 See Virgil, Eel. VI. 43. , 
 
 S T A N Z. XLI. 
 
 With that great chain, wherewith not long ygo 
 He bound that piteous lady prifoner, now releaft> 
 Himfelf fhe bound. 
 
 Spenfer in his Fairy Queen never, that I know 
 of, ufes verfes of fix feet, except in the laft line of 
 the Stanza. He has done fo here through over- 
 fight; unlefs it be a fault of the prefs, which is not 
 fo probable. 
 
 S T A N Z. XLVII. 
 
 But now my teem begins to faint and faile, 
 All woxen weary of their journal toile : 
 Therefore I will their fweaty yokes aflbile 
 At this fame furrow's end, till a new day. 
 
 Virgil, Georg. II. 541. 
 
 Se d nos immenfum fpatiis confecimus frquor : 
 Et jam tempus equum fumantia fohere colla. 
 
 BOOK
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 185 
 
 BOOK IV. 
 IXTxODUCTIoy. 
 
 S T A X Z. 
 
 Which tbat fhe may the better deign to bear, 
 Do thou, drad Infant, Venus' dearliag dove, 
 From her high fpirit chace imperious fear : 
 
 E- fear he means, an awful majefty, raifing fear 
 in thofe who approach her. 
 
 CANTO i. 13. 
 
 Spenfer here gives a defcription of what we call 
 
 Aurora Bcrudu : 
 
 Like as die mining flue m fummer's night, 
 What time the days with fcorching heat abound, 
 Is creafted all with lines of fiery light ; 
 
 That it prodigious teems, in common peoples light. 
 
 S T A X Z. XXIII. 
 
 And of the dreadful difcord, which did drive 
 The noble Argonauts to outrage fell ; 
 That each of life (ought others to deprive, 
 All mindlefs of the golden Fleece, which made 
 them ftrive. 
 
 Apollonius Rhodhis and Valerius Flaccus men- 
 tion fome quarrels that arofe amongil the Argo- 
 nauts, and the former introduces Orpheus pacify- 
 ing them by playing on his harp. They fay 
 nothing of any contention they had for the golden 
 N 4 Fleece :
 
 184 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Fleece : but perhaps Spenfer means, that, falling 
 out, they forgot the golden Fleece, for the fake of 
 which they were engaged in fo dangerous an expe- 
 dition. If that be his meaning, it is ill exprefTed. 
 And that it is his meaning, is probable from what 
 he fays, Sonnet XLIV. 
 
 When thofe renowned noble peers of Greece 
 Through ftubborn pride among themfelves did jar, 
 Forgetful of the famous golden Fleece; 
 Then Orpheus with* his harp their ftrife did bar. 
 
 So after, B. IV. Cant. n. r. 
 Such one was Orpheus, that when ftrife was grown 
 Amongft thofe famous imps of Greece, did take 
 His filver harp in hand, and (honly friends them 
 make. 
 
 The effect which the harp and voice of Orpheus 
 had upon the Argonauts is elegantly defcribed by 
 Apollonius, I. 512. When Orpheus had ended his 
 fong, they, fays the Poet, intent, and bending 
 towards him, 
 
 " Thought him ftill fpeaking, ftill flood fix'd to 
 hear*." 
 
 T H, 
 
 Tot 
 
 * See Bp. Newton's edition of Milton, Tar. Loft, B. VIII. v. z. 
 
 anci our author's note there inferted. 
 
 S T A N Z.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. iSj 
 
 S T A N Z. XLV. 
 
 He little anfwer'd, but in manly heart 
 His mighty indignation did forbear ; 
 Which was not yet fo iecret, but feme part 
 Thereof did in his frowning face appear : 
 Like as a gloomy cloud, the which doth bear 
 An hideous ftorm, is by the northern blaft 
 Quite overblown -, yet doth not pafs fo clear, 
 But that it all the fky doth OTcrcaft 
 With darfciM-fe dread, and threatens all the world 
 
 :o v.u.:. 
 So Milton, II. 715. 
 
 And fuch a frown 
 
 Each caft at th* other, as when two black clouds, 
 With heaven's artillery fraught, come rattling on 
 Over the Cafpian, then (land front to front, 
 Hov'ring a fpace, till winds the fignal blow 
 To join their dark encounter in mid air : 
 So frown'd the mighty combatants, that HeH 
 Grew darker at their frown. 
 
 s T A H z. xxix. 
 
 As when in chace 
 The Parthian flnkes a flag with fhivering dart. 
 
 Virgil, JEn. XII. 856. 
 
 Nnfeais &c nfryo per xubtm impulfa fagitta, 
 
 Parthu, Jke CJJCM, tdxm imme&calnU ttrfa. 
 
 CANTO
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER* 
 
 C'A N T O II. 2. 
 
 Such, mufic is wife words with time c&nfented, 
 To moderate ft iff minds, difpos'd to ftrive : 
 / Such, as that prudent Roman well invented, 
 
 What time his people into parts did rive, 
 Them reconcil'd again, and to their homes did drive. 
 
 So Fol. Ed. 1679. In Hughes* Edit, it hap- 
 pens to be contented, which I take to be right. 
 contented from condnert ; words concented with time ; 
 words agreeing with time, words fpoken in proper 
 time. The prudent Roman is Agrippa Mcnenius. 
 In thefe lines of Spenfer the conftrudion feems 
 faulty. 
 
 s T A N z. xxx iv. 
 Addreffing himfelf to Chaucer : 
 
 but through infuiion fweet 
 Of thine own fpirit, (which doth in me furvive,) 
 I follow here the footing of thy feet. 
 
 He feems to copy from Lucretius, III. 3. 
 
 Fefequor, Grains gentis decus, inque tuis nunc 
 Fixa pedum pono preffis "Jtjiigia fignis. 
 
 s T A N z. LI. 
 
 For what the Fates do once decree, 
 Not all the Gods can change, nor Jove himfelf can free. 
 
 This was the notion of many heathens. See 
 
 ^Efchylus,
 
 AEMARKS ON SPENSER* 187 
 
 JEfchytas, Prometh. 516. Ovid, Met. IX. 429. 
 Quintus Smyrnaeus, Lib. III. Lib, XI. Lib. XIII, 
 Herodotus, I. 91. T mptm p^ *& - 
 OWI&VBB ^ $. Sortemfato deJKmatam defngere, am 
 quoyu eft imfoJUnle. Several writers fuppofe that 
 Herodotus in thefe words has declared his own 
 femiments, and quote diem as a laying of that 
 Hiftorian: but he gives them as the anfwer of 
 Apollo's Prieftefs to the meflengers fent by Croefus. 
 
 c A x T o in. : :. 
 
 Like as a fnake, whom weary winter's teen 
 Hath worn to nought, now feeling fummer's might, 
 Cafb off his ragged fkin, and frefhly doth him dight. 
 
 From Virgil, Mn. IL 471. 
 
 in Imcem coluber, mala gramima paftfg, 
 
 Frigtdafub terra ttaudaa* quern bntma tegeb&t, 
 Nunc pofttis mjvms exirsus, mitidufque jiKtnta, 
 Lubrica cmtvoluit Jublato peSere trrga 
 ArdmMS adfilem, et timgms meat ore trijklds. 
 
 STANZ. XXXVIII. 
 
 The chariot decked was in wondrous wife, 
 With gold and many a gorgeous ornament, 
 After the Perfian monarch's antique guife. 
 
 Poffibly he had in view tfee chariot of Darius. 
 Q^Curtius, III. 1 1 1. Utntrnqu cmmul*t*s duntm
 
 l88 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 fimulacra ex aitro argentoqut expreffa decorabant : dif- 
 tinguebant internitentes gemmae jugum ; ex quo emi- 
 xebant duo aurea fimulacra cubitalia^ - . Inter 
 b<ec auream aquilam pinnas extendenti Jtmilem facra- 
 verant. 
 
 S T A N Z. XLIII. 
 
 Nepenthe is a drink of fovereign grace, 
 Devized by the gods, for to alTuage 
 Heart's grief, and bitter gall away to chace, 
 Which ftirs up anguilh and contentious rage : 
 Inftead thereof, fweet peace and quiet age 
 It doth eftablith in the troubled mind, 
 
 Homer, OdyfT. A. 220. 
 
 Aul/x' a^' <? oivov |3Ae ['EAev 
 
 NTlTTSl'S'ff T* a.%0\6V Tf, XaXWI/ STT/X^S'OV Ct 
 
 ""O? TO xolafo^tv, ETniv x^rfl^p* 
 Owe oui I(p7i^xpof 'ys (3aAo xotloi 
 OuJ' tt w xalals^atw |U.H'TJ^ TE 
 
 Protinus fane in vinum mifit [Helena] pbarmacum 
 
 unde bibebant, 
 
 dbfqite dolore et ira, malorum oblivionem inducens. 
 >ui illud deglutierit poftqiiam cratsri mixtum erif, 
 Nonutiqtte tot a die $r of under e -potent lacrimasapalpebris, 
 Nonji ei mcrtiti fuerint materque paterque, 
 Nequeji ei coram fratrem, ant cbarum fitium 
 Fcrro trucidarent^ ipfi vero oculis videret.
 
 ftEMAU5 OH SFEJfSZ I?: 
 
 Whether infead of ftf -g*, k OwoM 
 be ^meUge? which was attb the conjeclnre of a 
 friend: and whether there be iuch a word in other 
 wiieeo? 
 
 S T A S Z- XLYI1. 
 
 Which when fhe few, down on the bloody pbm 
 Herietf me threw, and oars 'gan died amain; 
 Amoogft her tears immiiing prayers meek. 
 And wim her piayers, reafbns to refirain 
 From bloody firitb, and bkfied peace to iiek; 
 By all that unto them was dear, did them befeefc. 
 
 DU tbcm kfiei - y didbdeedi them; inftead of 
 Jmd d itj&dr tkem* according to Spender's 
 
 finfe ; aiad bkSei peace tc 
 
 By all that umo dsem was dear did them be&ek. 
 
 c and did befeech shon to feek peace. 1 ' Noneed 
 
 then for that bungling paieninctis, which is in 
 
 both my editions : 
 
 And (with her prayers, icaibns to reflrain 
 From bloody firife, and bkfed peace to &ek) 
 
 By all that unto them was dear did them befeek. 
 
 c ASTT o IT. i. 
 
 T'-i: - : i .-::. z;ri:? 
 Sdr'd up 'twixt / 7-r g np"T- and ParideL 
 So FoL Edit. 1679. a dfe pintt for fiUbmr. 
 In Hugfccs* Edk. k is Scadaaaorc, whkh is trtoa^. 
 
 5 TA VZ.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER* 
 
 S T A N Z. XV. 
 
 Yet did the workmanship far pafs the coft. 
 
 Ovid,Met. II. 5. 
 
 Materiem fuperalat opus. 
 
 CANTO V. 5, 6. 
 
 On Aridalian mount, where many an hour 
 She [Venus'} with the pleafant Graces wont to play. 
 That goodly belt was Ceftas hight by name. 
 
 So Fol. Edit. 1679. and Hughes' Edit. It 
 flbould be Acidalian and Ceflus. Venus was called 
 Acidtdia.) a fonte Acidalio. There is no Acidalian 
 mountain. Spenfer has it again, VI. x. 8, 9. 
 
 Therefore it rightly cleeped was mount Acidale. 
 They fay that Venus, when (he did difpofe 
 Herfelf to pleafance, ufed to refoit 
 Unto this place. 
 
 In his Epithalamium he has 
 
 the Acidalian brook. 
 
 S T A N Z. VI. 
 
 The Judges, which thereto felecled were, 
 Inro the Martian Field adown defcended. 
 
 Alluding to the Campus Martiuj, and to the 
 |>hrafe defcendere in Campum. 
 
 8 S T A N Z.
 
 REMARKS ON SPEXSE*U 7 9! 
 
 S T A N Z. Til. 
 
 ne he that thought 
 For Chian folk to pourtrah beautie's Queen, 
 
 view of all the faired to him brought, 
 So many fair did fee. 
 
 Zeuxis drew Helena for the inhabitants of 
 Crotoh, lay fotne ; of Agrigentnm, fey others ; and 
 chofe five of their women to copy from. This h 
 the foxy that Spenfer alludes to, and miftakes. 
 
 s T A N z. 
 
 As guileful goldfimth, that by fecret flail, 
 With golden foil doth finely overfpred 
 Some bafer metal, which commend he will 
 Unto the vulgar for good gold infted. 
 
 He might have put, cf gcsd goU i*jU&d. 
 So IV. vi i. 7 for /ted to k i*Jkd. 
 
 \ N Z. XXXVII. 
 
 The which in Lipari do day and night 
 Frame thunderbolts for Jove*s avengeful threat. 
 Infkad of Ufara , at Uparc, 
 
 c A K T o 
 
 The vileft wretch alive ; 
 Whofe curled ulage and ungodly trade 
 The heavens abhor, and into darkneis drive. 
 Ill exprefled ; unlels I miilake the fenfc, whidx
 
 192 REMARKS ON SPENSER* 
 
 feems to be this : whofe ungodly trade the heaven; 
 abhor ; and ivhofe ungodly trade, &c. drive the hea- 
 vens into darknefs. 
 
 I. vi. 6. 
 
 And Phoebus, flying lo moft fliameful fight, 
 His blufhing face in foggy cloud implies. 
 
 In this manner he often fpeaks. " Implies :" See 
 
 Remark on I. iv. 28. page 79. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxi r. 
 
 Yet over him (lie there long gazing flood, 
 And oft admir'd his monftrous (hape, and eft 
 His mighty limbs. 
 Virgil, JEn. VIII. 265. 
 
 Nequeunt expleri corda tuendo 
 tferribiles oculos, vultum, villofaque fetis 
 feftora femiferi. 
 
 CANTO VIII. 1 6. 
 
 When fo he heard her fay, eftfoons he brake 
 Hhfudden filence, which he long had pent j 
 And, iighing inly deep, her thus befpakc. 
 Sudden filence is not proper: fidkn filence would have 
 been better; and I incline to think that Spenfer 
 intended it fo. So in the Shepherd's Calender. 
 MAY : 
 
 At laft, her fullen filence (lie broke. 
 . That is, after having been unable fome time to 
 fpcak, for for row. 
 
 s T A N z.
 
 c :rau 193 
 
 STAN Z. XL IX. 
 
 Therefore Corflambo was he call'd aright, 
 Though namelefs there his body now doth 
 
 His head was cut off. Kamdefs body is taken from 
 Virgil, JLn. II. 557. 
 
 jfatet mgcn* litorc tmtuus, 
 Avolfumque bumcris caput y tt fax tumme carpus. 
 
 CANTO X. 7. 
 
 Such were great Hercules, and Hylas dear ; 
 Pylades, and Oreftes by his fide : - 
 Damon and Pythias, whom death could not fever. 
 
 The name of Damon's friend is Pbmti&s. I fup- 
 pofe he makes the fecond fyllaWe in Pjledu long. 
 So V. v. 24, fpeaking of Hercules : 
 
 How for lola's fake he did apply 
 
 His mighty hands, the diftaff vile to hold. 
 
 He commits the fame fault in die fecond fyllable of 
 Job, 'or loU. The old Englifli poets regard not 
 quantity. 
 
 S T A N Z. XTXVJ1I. 
 
 Speaking of the Temple of Venus : 
 
 An hundred altars roucd about were fet, 
 All flaming with their facrifice's fire, 
 
 O
 
 194 "REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Virgil, JEn. I. 415. 
 
 Ipfa Papbum fubtimis obit, fedefque revijit 
 Lscta fuas : ubi templum /'///', centumque Sab.eo 
 1'bitrc calent ar<e, Jertifque reccxtibus halant. 
 
 ST A N Z. XL IV. 
 
 Great Venus, queen of beauty and of grace, 
 The joy of gods and men ; that under fkie 
 Doft faireft fhine, and moft adorn thy place, 
 That with thy fmiling look doft pacify 
 The raging feas, and mak'il the dorms to fly, &c. 
 
 11 This is taken from Lucretius' invocation of the 
 fame Goddefs, in the beginning of his poem, and may 
 be reckoned one of the moft elegant tranjlations in our 
 Inaguage" Air. HUGHES. It is, for the moft part, 
 an elegant tranilation, but not an accurate one ; 
 nor was it, I fuppole, defigned to be fuch. It 
 certainly is below the original. 
 
 s T A N z. x L v 1 1 . 
 
 Great God of men and women, queen of eh* air, 
 Mother of laughter, and \vell-lpring of bliis. 
 
 Here Venm is called a God. So Virgil, /Kn. II. 632. 
 
 Defcendo, ac, duceute DeVjflammaiii inter et l-oftes 
 Expedior. 
 
 Where
 
 195 
 
 mSii^prfaoj fmrtirifmtjimm JJafcrr 
 
 1 believe Spader bad tbis place of Scnrius ia bis 
 
 Herodotus, I. 105. baling (kid tbat a lew 
 ScTihhns fpoifed the temple of Goek&a! Yenus, 
 [\fcpw *A?*METVJ adds, tbat for their impierr, 
 the GOD puaHhcd tbem : srx*rls *O O E O* r 
 MTA. Boc Groaorius is of opinion tbac 
 here means mmmtm^ n Q&, without anj 
 paracolar reference to Venus. See bis note. 
 
 Efiner. 
 
 C A X T O XI. O. 
 
 DOC if a huodrcd congues to tdl. 
 And nondied 'mobdB and Toice of bnG 1 had. 
 
 From \lrgp,-,a-.YI,- $a^ wbo imitaifs Homer. 
 
 s T A M z. xin. 
 Spenfer in this Cicto eoiimcatcs the Sea Gods, 
 
 ;";... r. i ~ r : 
 
 f taV
 
 1 96 REMARKS ON SPENSER* 
 
 Compare Spenfer's catalogue with Natalis Comes? 
 II. 8. where you may find the ftory of Aftrzeus. I 
 have met with two others of thauiame ; one, a Ton 
 of Terra and Tartarus, who was one of the Giants, 
 mentioned by Hyginus; the other, a fon of Silenus y 
 in Nonnus Dionyf. And a third, the fon of Crius 
 and Eurubie, is found in Hefiod and Apollodorus. 
 
 s T A N z. XYIII. 
 
 Speaking of the fons of Oceanus and Tethys- : 
 
 Of all which, Nereus, th' eldeft and the befl, 
 Did firft proceed, than which none more upright, 
 Ne more fineere in word and deed profeft ; 
 Moft void of guik, moft free from foul defpighr, 
 Doing himfelf, and teaching others to do, right* 
 
 From Hefiod, Qto>y. 233. 
 
 Nuf s* T' efysottot ^ ahx&ix yttvoflo 
 Ilof^Tcclov iroiifu* ' au1afr xaXftMTt 
 
 aXXa Ji'jwua %TTI& $wK ef 
 
 'Nereumone allemim a mendaefa, et veracem genu'it Pontits, 
 Maximum natu filiorum i fed vacant Scnem, 
 Eb quod verus atqv.e pladdus: me juris et *qui 
 Oblivijcitur, fedjujla et moderata judicia novit. 
 
 Nereus is called tie aged in Homer, Hefiod, 
 /Elchylus, Virgil, Ovid, the Poet called Orpheus, 
 
 and
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER' 197 
 
 and Paufanias Lacon. Euftathius on Homer, II. 
 
 A. 250. p. 1 1 6. Ed. Rom. Irscv ?T woXtav aXa 
 
 Servius on Virgil, Georg. IV. 403. Fere 
 Dii mar ini fenes font, albent enim torum capita fpumis 
 aquarum. We may alfo obferve, that ypov* means 
 either an old woman, or frotb, /cum. Ariftophanes 
 plays upon the word, Plat. 1205. 
 
 S T A N Z. XIX. 
 
 When Paris brought his famous prize, 
 The fair Tindarid [Tyndarid] lafs, he him foretold 
 That her all Greece with many a champion bold 
 Should fetch again. 
 
 fie fpeaks of Nereus. From Horace, L. I. Od. z v . z 
 faJJor cum traberet, sV. 
 
 STAN?, xx. 
 Long Rhodanus, whole fource fprings from the fkie. 
 
 ^*47rr :. 
 
 S T A N 2. XXI. 
 
 Great Ganges, and immortal Euphrates, 
 Deep Indus, and Mzander intricate, 
 Slaw Peneus, and tempeiluous Pbafides, 
 Swift Rhene, and Alphei^ ftill immaculate, 
 O raxes, feared for great Cyrus' fate. 
 
 He makes the fecond fyllable in Euphrates fhort, 
 O 3 and
 
 19 REMARKS ON SPENSER.'. 
 
 and gives him the pompous epithet immortal, 
 which, after all, is but a botch. Slow is no epithet 
 for Peneus. He is called Tbeff.ilus tor r ens, by 
 Seneca, Here. Fur. 288. By Phafides I fuppofc 
 he means Phafis, who is called p.fya?, rpa^u?, 
 /3iai&*, oVwf, rapidus. Inftead of -Crazes, it ov.ght 
 to be, .as a friend alia conjectured, 
 
 Araxes, feared 'for great Cyrus' fate. 
 
 For Cyrus crofled the .river Araxes to fight the 
 Mafiaeetae, of whom Tomyris was queen. The 
 battle was fought near the river, and Cyrus was 
 there worded, and /lain. So fays Herodotus, I. 
 201, 'Sec. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXV. 
 
 Speaking of a River r God : 
 
 And his beard all gray, 
 Dewed with filver drops, that trickled down alvvay, 
 
 30pho.cies, Trachin. 14. 'of Achelous. 
 
 Ovid, Faft. 1.375. of Proteus : 
 
 Oraqtte c<eruka t aliens rorantia bprba. 
 Statius, Theb. IX. 414. of'Ifmenus : 
 
 tumido de gurgite furg'tt 
 Spumofum attollcns apicem, lapfoque fonoro 
 c<rule<t ri-vis mana/itta barbtf* 
 
 Claudian,
 
 MARKS ON SPENSER. 199 
 
 _.!ian, Co.if. Pr. etOI. 211. of the Tiber: 
 .:qx,f : fr 'lunat 
 
 :\it. 
 
 Sidonius, Carm. II. 335. of die fame. 
 Ddt fqni 'turn m 
 
 yarba fragorem. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXVIII. 
 
 Like as the mother of the Gods, they &y 
 In her great iron chariot wonts to ride, 
 When to Jove's palace ihe doth take her way ; 
 Old Cybele, array 'd with pompous pride, 
 Wearing a diadem embattled wide 
 With hundred turrets. 
 Virgil, ,n. VI. 784, 
 
 Qtu. :-ia matsr 
 
 liKekitvr curru Pbrygias Iwrlta pfr urbu. 
 
 STAN Z. XLVII. 
 
 Speaking of a Rirer Goddefs : 
 
 Under the which her feet appeared plain, 
 Her filver feet. 
 
 S T A N 7. XL VI II, SCC. 
 
 The Nereids, according to Spenfcr, are, 
 
 tty Aga-i't, Actea, [it fhould be ..' 
 * Alimeda, [it Ihould be HtilirtteJe] Cyr>: 
 
 O 4 Cymodoce,
 
 200 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Gymodoce, Cymo, Doto, Dinamene, [it mould be 
 Dynamene~] Doris> Eucrate^ Eumca, EuUmene, Eratff, 
 E-vagore, Eione, Eupompe> Endore, [I fuppofe it 
 fhould be Eudore~] Everna, [it fhould be Evarne, 
 'Euc^vn] Glauce, Galene, Galathzea, [it fhould be 
 Galatea] Glauconome, Hippotbc*e\ Hyponeo, [it 
 fhould be Hipponoe] Lifianafla, [it fhould be Ly.- 
 fianaffa] Laomedia, Liagore, Mefrte, Menippe, Nefea^ 
 ^ Nemertea, [it fhould be ffewKtjf] Prcto, 
 ^ Pberufa, Phao, Paris, PanopcE, [it fhould 
 be Panope~] Protomedaia, [it fhould be Protomedea, 
 TIfuloptSeia ] Pronsea, [it fhould be Pronoe~] Ponto- 
 porea, Polynome^ Pfamathe, Spio, Sao, Thetis^ Thalia, 
 Themifte, [it Ihould be Tbemifto.] 
 
 Phao and Ports are two Nereids, that I think I 
 never met with eliewhere. Spenfer follows 
 Hefiod. 
 
 BOOK V. 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 S T A N Z. VIII. 
 
 And if to thofe Egyptian wizards old, 
 
 Which in ftar-read were wont have bed infight, 
 
 Faith may be given, it is by them told, 
 
 That fince the time they firft took the fun's height, 
 
 Four
 
 REMARKS ON* SPEKSER. 2O1 
 
 Four times his place he fhifted hath in fight, 
 And twice hath rifen, where he now doth weft, 
 And wefted twice, where he ought rile aright. 
 
 From Herodotus, II. 142. The Egyptian PriefU 
 a rary TU xjtoitf rtloxiti; iXfyn t i&it* 
 
 ix/rtf 0f tcmpus dice- 
 lent quotcr folem txtrafedes fuos fuiffe crtum. Sis 
 dauu UUnt exertion ubi nttnc occuBt ; bis out em mtde 
 critur, ittic occuKJJe. 
 
 S T A N Z. IX. 
 
 For during Saturn's ancient reign, it's (aid, 
 That all the world with goodnefsjdid abound ; 
 All loved vertue, no man was affraid 
 Of force, ne fraud in wight was to be found : 
 No war was known, no dreadful trumpet's found : 
 Peace univerfal reign'd 'mongft men and beafts, 
 And all things freely grew out of the ground. 
 
 C. id,' Met. I. 89, 98, &c. 
 Aurea prima fata eft *tas, qu* vindice nullo, 
 Spontc fiut^fine lege^jidem reSumqtte colebat. 
 Ptcma metufiue aberant. - 
 Ncn Ma dsreBiy non *ris conwafiexi, 
 Non gale*) non enfis, erant. Sim militis ufu 
 MoUiafecur* -peragebant ctiagentes. 
 Ipfa qucque inmunis, raftnHpu intatfa, nee ullis 
 Sauria 1'cincribus^ perfe dcbat cmnia teUus. 
 
 C A i: T O
 
 VIZ REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 CANTO I. IO. 
 
 Speaking of Arthegal r s fword. 
 
 For of mod perfect metal it was made, 
 And was of no lefs vertue, than of fame. 
 For there no fubftance was lo firm and hard, 
 But it would pierce or cleave, where-fo it came. 
 
 So Milton, Par. Loft r VI. 320. 
 
 but the fword 
 
 Of Michael from the armory of God 
 Was giv'n him temper'd fo, that neither keen 
 Nor foiid might refill that edge, 
 
 S T A N Z. XII. 
 
 Arthegal is attended by Talus : 
 
 made of iron mould, 
 Immovcable, refiftlefs, without end. 
 
 Concerning this man of iron, or rather of brafs, 
 ToAw? %KAKtt<&, fee Apollonius, IV. 
 
 S T AN Z. XXVI. 
 
 &th then, laid he, ye both the dead deny. 
 And both the living lady claim your right, 
 Let both the dead and living equally 
 Divided be betwixt you here in light, fcff. 
 
 Copied from Solomon's judgment, i Kings Hi. 16, 
 
 CANTO
 
 ON SPSKSEII. 
 
 CANTO II. 27. 
 
 Thereafter all that mucky pelf he took, 
 
 The fpoil of people's evil-gotten good, 
 
 The which her fire had fcrap'd by hook and crook, 
 
 And, burning all to aQies, poured it down the brook. 
 
 Alluding to Deuteroo. ix. 21. And I tookycur 
 fin, the cdfvobscb ye bad made, and burnt it with fre, 
 andfiamfed i/, and ground it vetyfrnatt, even until it 
 ccoj asfmalt as duft ; and I caft the duft thereof // 
 tbt brook that def tended out of the mount. 
 
 C A N T T O III. 25. 
 
 As when the daughter of Thaumantes fair, &c. 
 Thaumantias Iris : the daughter of Tbaumas^ not 
 
 ^ t A X Z. XL. 
 
 Fit for fuch ladies, and fuch fatly knights. 
 
 Methinks it wou]d be better to give the Ladies the 
 epithet ; and to read, 
 
 Fit for fuch /ror/jr ladies, and fuch knights. 
 
 VI. xn. 34. 
 
 And therein (hut up his blafphemous tongue, 
 For never more defaming gentle knight, 
 Or any lovely lady doing wrong. 
 
 So
 
 204 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 So Fol. Ed. 1679. In Hughes' Edit. 
 Or unto lovely lady doing wrong. 
 
 CANTO V. 25. 
 
 But vertuous women wifely understand 
 That they were born to bafe humility, 
 Unlefs the heavens them lift to lawful fovereignty. 
 
 Compare Milton, Par. Loft, IX. 232. The laft 
 line was inferted on account of Qiieen Elizabeth. 
 
 S T A N Z. XLIX. 
 
 Radigund fays to Clarinda : 
 Say and do all that may thereto prevail ; 
 Leave nought unpromis'd that may him perfuade; 
 Life, freedom, grace, and gifts of great avail, 
 With which the Gods themfelves are milder made. 
 
 He that compares this with ^En. IV. 424. &c, 
 v.'ill be inclined to think that Spenfer had Virgil's 
 Dido in view. 
 l,foror> fiique boftem fuppkx adfare fuperlum, &c. 
 
 That gifts can pacific even the Gods, was a pro- 
 verb amongftthe Heathen. Euripides, Med. 964. 
 
 muneribus enim vel deos fieftl jama eft. 
 So Man makes God, in his own image. 
 
 C A 1 T O
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 C A X T O VII. 2 
 
 AYell therefore did the antique vrorld invent 
 
 That Juflice was a God of fovereign grace, 
 
 And altars unto him, and temples ; 
 
 And heavenly honours in the higheft place ; 
 
 Calling him great Ofiris, of the race 
 
 Of th* old Egyptian kings, that whilom were ; 
 
 With feigned colours (hading a true cafe : 
 
 For, that Oiiris, wbilft he lived here, 
 
 The jufteft man alive, and tnieft did appear. 
 
 In Plutarch, De Ifid. p. 355. Ofiris is called 
 Magnms rex baufciu, B- 
 
 *p{Vftnm ir 
 
 Jaw Q^rr r^pw into fkotim ALgyptios i*opi et bd- 
 luixa -siffus raticiufokij/e, cum et frvgts its ofU*Aertt+ 
 et leges pentrct, et devrmm cutum fractperet. Pof- 
 modo mxrverfam obiviffe terra, m bomimfqtu manfuetcs 
 rcdfgifc. P. 356. *0>^*Or^K*ySw*f. Eft emam 
 Ofiris beneficus. 
 
 ? 
 
 Britornartis enters the temple of Ifis : 
 
 There (he received was in goodly wiie 
 Of many priefts, that duly did attend, 
 
 All
 
 206 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 All clad in linen robes, with filver hem'd ; 
 
 And on their heads, with long locks comely kem'd, 
 
 They wore rich mitres. 
 
 ThePriefts oflfis wore tbr, knew p*vw, veflem tan- 
 tummodo lineam, fays Herodot. II. 37. and hence are 
 called Linigeri by many writers. Their heads were 
 dole (haved, though Spenfer gives them long loch. 
 
 IB 
 
 To (hew that Ids does the moon portend; 
 Like as Ofiris fignifies the fun. 
 
 So Plutarch, De I fid. p. 372. 
 
 s T A N z. vi. 
 
 The image of His was 
 
 clothed all in garments made of line. 
 She is called Linigera by Ovid, and by others. 
 
 s T A N z. vm, Sec. 
 
 Britomards fleeps in the temple of Ifis, and has 
 vifions of what mould befall her. It was not un- 
 tifual for thofe who confulted the Gods, to fleep in 
 their temples ; where, as we are informed, they 
 ufed to have their fortunes told them. 
 
 Virgil,
 
 REMARKS OX SPENSER. 207 
 
 Virgil, JEn. VII. 86. 
 
 - ttrc lots facer fos 
 Cum txSt, t tefervm ^r.vmjub m*8cJUe*ti 
 PtlSku ixtxbmt jb-elis 9 Jnuufawe petint, 
 
 Et varUs amdit 1'sta, fnuturyu dfanum 
 Gnfepaw, ttqme imi* Acbavmt* adfctitr jhxnds. 
 
 Serviiis : " Incubarc frtprit &atm!*r ti, fiei dcr- 
 
 Hie incubat 
 
 Jori : id & Jermit at Cep&eX*, mf refmpt. ptft ac- 
 t:ptre. 
 
 The Nafamones flept at the tombs of their an- 
 ceftors, in order to be informed of what they want- 
 ed to know. 
 
 Herodot. IV. 172. 
 
 r 
 
 j admsjcrttm accedattfs mcxm- 
 a^ ft iBu *bz prects pertgertaif, i^ 
 per mccttm info**: am 
 
 Temil. de Aniina. p. 365. 
 
 'jtfemnes prcprio. erot*!* af+A portr.' 
 falcbrs nirw/ii'fwifff ctpiere, id Hfroflidti jiri^ 
 
 xktms: Et Cdtas afuJ 'cirtntm 
 .jtmaer 
 
 IBID.
 
 20 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Her helmet Ihe imlac'd, 
 
 And by the altar's fide her felf to flumber plac'd. 
 For other beds the prlefts there ufed none, 
 But on their mother Earth's dear lap did lie, 
 And bake their fides upon the cold hard ftone 
 So the Selli, in Homer, II. II. 233. 
 Ztu Kvot A&xJwvau, nfAao^jy-i, r^AoS'i vot,ittv t 
 
 Jupiter rex Dodon<ee, Pelafgice, procul habitans^ 
 ~Dodon<e pr<e/idens hiberno-frigore-infeft< : circum au- 
 
 tem Selli 
 Vui habitant interpretes pedibus-illoti, bumi cubantes. 
 
 S T A N Z. X, XI. 
 
 Speaking of the priefts of Ifis : 
 Therefore they mought not taftrof fieflily food, 
 Ne feed on ought the which doth blood contain, 
 Ne drink of wine ; for wine they fay is blood, 
 Even the blood of Giants, which were flain 
 By thund'ring Jove in the Phlegrean plain : 
 For which the Earth (as they the flory tell) 
 Wroth with the Gods, which to perpetual pain 
 Had damn'd her fons, which 'gainft them did rebel, 
 
 With inward grief and malice did againftthem fwell. 
 
 Qu*re? " And brake their fides, &c. Hor. Epod. XL 3*. 
 Limina dura, quibus 
 
 Lttmbes et infregi latus. 
 See alfo Hor. L. Ill, Od. x- 19. Ovid, Rem. Amor. L. II. 
 
 And
 
 TV !?i:"SE7, 1 : ;, 
 
 Aed of their vital Mood, the which was fhed 
 I-:: !-.-:: -rtg-ir.: :::::. ::::.. '-.: 7:::r : 
 The (hatful vine ; wfcoTc liquor, Woody red, 
 Having the minds of men with fary fraught, 
 Mought in them ftir op old rebdlkxis thought 
 To make new war againft the Gods again. 
 
 Coccerning Aetemperaacereqiiifite in the Prieih 
 oflts,iee Ph*arch,Delad. 
 
 Bf&rCJMJfm CXptTXMt * 
 
 Pfimmeliclv, am MJK totofemt *M&, mwu ss 5&ef- 
 Jett vhum, msx id gralmm ins ret:, Jed fagssmem 
 
 itrr* ferwizta fmtamt cra iff cruu m 
 Jsayu tt Jam chides /mfcatsfgat ct o&aEimti mate, 
 imf&tis l*ma&ms fugmsc fzsrxm mijerxm. lind. 
 :. Tothb{3b!eCasa6iendofminediinks) 
 Axdru^&a in his ktter to Aiezander may aDode : 
 Piioy XIV. 5. Ax&nc*des fafiaii* dorms *d 
 ' M^mmm firiffi, imtemptrarism e^ms 
 
 Foam pitvns, rex, mtmnto tc Ktercfsx- 
 pdmem lor*. Where Hlrdmn has a note thit 
 = to the purpok. I add here a pafiagc; 
 whkli I met with in the Chevneaaa, voL I. p. 284. 
 where Cbevreau uy< of the Manirhapans, Jh rejft- 
 rtficmat, L*Lfj de Msyft* ***** 
 P
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 /' ouvragedu Dieu fevers ; condamnoient, avec fatten, 
 k mart age, I' ufage des oeufs, du lait, de la chair, du 
 17/v, qifiis jwmmoient k fid du Dieu des tenebres. 
 They forbad the ufe of wine, which they called the 
 gall of the God of Darhiefs. 
 
 CANTO VIII. 19.' 
 
 That, O ye Heavens ! defend, and turn away 
 From her, unto the mifcrearit himtelf. 
 
 Virgil, JEn. II. 190. 
 
 quod Di prius omen in ipfum 
 Convert ant ! 
 
 Spenfer here, and in many other places, ufes 
 Heaven and tbeHeaveas, for God, and the Gods as do 
 all modern writers. Whether ancient authors have 
 done fo, has been doubted. VavalTor, in his Trea- 
 tife De Vi ef Ufa quorumdam "jerborum, fays he 
 could find no other example but this of Statius, 
 Silv. I. iv. 4. 
 
 Es Ccslo, D!s es, Gcmzjiice, ccrdi. 
 
 I can help the reader to a good many more. Sta- 
 tins ufes the word fo perpetually. Theb. VI. 16. 
 
 qiiibus Argos alumnis ccnnexum ccelo. 
 
 Which is fomething like genus qui duds Olympt 
 in Virgil, jEn. VI. 835. Theb. IX. 97. 
 
 Dh coraw, et ccelo infpeffante t 
 
 TheU.
 
 'ARKS OX SPEN5E*. 211 
 
 Thcb. L 650. 
 
 f*?o taxta inclfmentia cx:9 eft. 
 
 Where Barthius : " Coelo. Supsris cxlvm baKtan- 
 tilms. FrejMau pojtericrilms Gratis, Lafhus, ft Jam 
 cptim *uL> loculiQ. Paptmus infra, IL 600. 
 
 toco necquicquam obfeflus Oly ccpo. 
 
 boc cjl 9 emmhu N*j*i*ifas. Omnts emm dives vns 
 lumimDywtus ip/orum cemfcbant. Pefrvxiia: Nemo 
 coelum putar, nemo jus junmdum fervat. - 
 Manilius, V. 18. 
 
 Araque divorum, cm votum folvit Olympus. 
 Hccejl, quantvm to Desna* ccntinebatur. Idem IV, 
 
 Aiiguilo crefcit fub principc ccelum. 
 
 Hoc ejl 9 maunu Dfonem augclur. CfauUaxus : 
 
 providus zther 
 Noluit hurnano titulos auferre labori . 
 Sedulius : Quid apemus eft Patre tefte, Coelo af- 
 fenore. w 
 
 So Ovid, Met.Vni.6i8. 
 
 imrnemftt ejt, Jbumqme potextia cxli 
 bat ft. 
 
 , Ep'v 1 :. 
 
 Hsauui* fupercs naupiam tettgtre qxcreLe, 
 Nee 'zzgaftciarumfcnetTaat coicoui* Cfbim. 
 
 Aufonius, Grat-A^ione. Angnfe Jeoau, 
 et bttmam generis reScr boc tribust* a/, 6fr.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 So Heaven fofnetimes, in the holy Scriptures, and 
 often in the Rabbinical writers^ is the name of 
 God. See Whitby on Matth. iii. 2. and the Com- 
 mentators on Matth. xxi. 25. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXVI 1I > XX XI I. 
 
 Wherewith, the Souldan all with fury fraught, 
 Commanded ftraight his armour to be brought ; 
 And mounted ftraight upon a charet high, 
 With iron wheels and hooks arm'd dreadfully.* 
 
 But the bold Child that peril well efpying, 
 If he too ramly to his charet drew, 
 Gave way unto his horfe's fpeedy flying. 
 
 See an account of thefe chariots, cttrnts falcait, 
 in QiCurtius, IV. 9. Alexander bade his foldiers 
 avoid them, laxatis ordimbm. IV. 13. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxv. 
 
 That made him rave, like to a lion 
 Which being wounded of the htintfman's hand, 
 Cannot come near him in the covert wood; 
 Where he with boughs hath built his (hady ftand, 
 And fenc'd himfelf about with many a flaming brand. 
 
 The lion fears fire. Homer, II. A. 553. 
 aj rt TPII sirau^fvof &!(>. 
 
 j quas lionet 9 viokntus 
 
 S T A N Z.
 
 OK SFEy-SEi. 
 
 S T A X Z. 
 
 vh tac ocrj-nKwdKd flecds, whidi drew 
 The Sun's bright wain no Phaetoa's decay, 
 Soon as they did die mooftroos Scorpio* YICW, 
 
 auglycrapicscniwlingindidr 
 The dieadml figfat did them to tore affiay, 
 Tlut tfaeir wefl knoven coories ikey lonrenc;; 
 And leading th* ever-boming lamp a|bar v 
 7 ; 1: . ;: - -_:'_i --. ii; :; i^--; ;.-;-:. 
 And kft Aeir foorcbed patb jet in the nrmamrnr. 
 
 If the leader examines tbefc lines, he win find 
 
 in ^iczi i r-^r cillfi s-iii-^c-rj. i .g"-:f viBcft 
 ^~c"ir: eel.: . zr"~ _:.~ LI. ii~: :: ri :::"'_"::::. 
 He iiiiitairs Ovid here. Dot Tancs a bode finooi 
 him: for Ovid tcfis us, that the 
 frightened FhaedKMi, MetU. 198. 
 
 H*x$s*r ft mgri. aw&fev/u&r 
 
 g&imfns&x bra rzmcft, 
 
 Nstalis CocEe?. Vf. i. Feuerxa 
 PtmOmtam i* <* e *d mni &&, m* 
 
 L&r* a Sarfmmem, a& via d*r ufta 
 
 - "".,". ::...". ' : ' ' . 
 
 Z.
 
 214 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. XLVII. 
 
 Like raging Ino, when with knife in hand 
 She threw her hufband's murdred infant out ; 
 Or fell Medea, when on Colchick (brand 
 Her brother's bones fhe fcatter'd all about ; 
 Or as that madding Mother, 'mongft the rout 
 Of Bacchus' priefts, her own dear fleih did tear. 
 Yet neither Ino, nor Medea flout, 
 Nor all \hcMocKades [Masnades] fo furious were. 
 'Raging Ino 3 &V : See Natalis Comes, VIII. 4. By 
 the madding Mother he means, I fuppofe, Agave, 
 who tore her fon Pentbeus to pieces. 
 
 CANTO IX. 13. 
 
 Like as the fowler on his guileful pipe 
 Charms to the birds full many a pleafant lay. 
 So in Colin Clout's Come Home Again: 
 The Shepherd's boy * 
 
 Sat, as his cuftom was, upon a day, 
 Charming his oaten pipe unto his peers. 
 
 STANZ. XXXI, XXXII. 
 
 All lovely daughters of high Jove, that hight 
 Litzc, by him begot in love's delight, 
 Upon the righteous Themis : thofe they fay 
 Upon Jove's judgment-feat wait day and night : 
 And when in wrath he threats the world's decay, 
 They do his anger calm, and cruel vengeance (lay. 
 
 Thofe
 
 REMARKS OK SPENSER. _ 115 
 
 Thofc did upon Manila's throne attend : 
 Juft Dice, wife Eunomy, mild Eirene ; 
 And them amoogft, her giory to commend, 
 
 S.L: gxxily Tr-pcrir.ce in gi~e-:i dean, 
 And (acred Reverence, y born of heavenly firece. 
 
 Homer, IL I. 498. 
 Amu an 
 
 Etaum frecesfnt Jeuufb* maggi, 
 
 So, according to Homer, die Lice are not very 
 handlbme : nor does he give us their names, 
 or number. Dice, Eunomie, and EtFene, accord- 
 ing to Hefiod, are the H*-*, daughters of 
 Jupiter and Themis. Theog. 901. 
 
 A^m ^yrri Xira^r O^a, 5 T 
 
 P^ dMatfpkn&dam Tc*mn y qt* ptpait Horas, 
 y ct ImnforaOem. 
 
 Sacred Revo-ace feems to be taken from Ovid, 
 Faft, V. ao. 
 
 -S^ oEytufofo, podtx, Sa&m, tnttoa, 
 
 Afostmrfa pick JMrt Dems. 
 
 vr /fiaw, placubqpe facts Rfvcnuti* vsl/a 
 Corpora, legiamis uefjfr tori*. 
 
 P 4 C A KTQ
 
 2l6 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 CANTO X. 3. 
 
 From th' utmoft brink of the Armerick fhorc, 
 Unto the margent of the Molucas ? 
 Armorick, I fuppofe. 
 
 S T A N Z. X. 
 
 With his two-headed dog, that Orthrus hight - 3 
 Orthrus, begotten by great Typhaon 
 And foul Echidna, in the houfe of Night. 
 Hefiod, Theog. 306. 
 
 T?f $ ['E^/Ji/>;] Tvtyciovai (fix 
 
 H 
 
 J7/V [Echidnge] Typhaonem alunt mlftitm efje amore, 
 Vehement em et violent um ventum, nigris oculis decor* pue$ 
 Ilia vero. gravlda fatta peperit fortes fllos. 
 Orthum qttidem prlmo canem peperit Geryom. 
 
 See alfo Silius Italicus, XIII. 845. and Heinfius 
 there. Orthus, or Orthrus, was brother to Cerberus, 
 
 S T A N z. xxiv. 
 
 Some place {hall us receive, and harbour yield : 
 And if all fail, yet farewell open field : 
 The earth to all her creatures lodging lends. 
 
 Obferve this ufe of the word farewell, or fat-well, 
 
 as
 
 K.E31ARKS OK SPENSER. 
 
 as it is fpelled in FoL Edit. or /BY -zdl, as perhaps 
 it fliould be written. 
 
 c A $ T o :::.:- 
 
 That it was be which whilom did attend 
 On fair Irena in her affliction. 
 
 Spenfer ehher wrote Iren', abbreviating the 
 
 . as he often does ; or Irene, making it a 
 
 diffyUable. In Fol. Edit, it is Irene. So in this 
 
 Book, IX. 52. he makes Eirene a cjiflyllable. . 
 
 BOOK VL 
 
 C T 1 O 
 
 S T A X Z. If. 
 
 Guide ye my footing, and conduct me well 
 In thefe ftrange ways, where never TOOL did ufe a 
 
 Ne none cm find, but who was taught them by 
 
 ^ the Mde. 
 
 Lucretius, I. 915. 
 
 . 
 .fob. 
 
 S T AH Z.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. VI. 
 
 But where fhall I in all antiquity 
 So fair a pattern find, where may be feen 
 The goodly praife of princely courtefy, 
 As in yourfelf, O fovereign Lady Queen ? 
 In whofe pure mind, as in a mirror fheen, 
 It fliows, and with her brightnefs doth inflame 
 The eyes of all, which thereon fixed been ; 
 But meriteth indeed an higher name : 
 Yet fo from low to high uplifted is your name. 
 
 Perhaps name mould be changed to fame in the 
 lift line, or laft but one, that name may not 
 rhyme to itfelf. But the fame fault is to be found, 
 
 111. III. 22. 
 
 CANTO II. 2. 
 
 For fome fo goodly gracious are by kind, 
 That every aftion doth them much commend, 
 And in the eyes of men great liking find. 
 
 What is here faid with great fimplicity and 
 homelinefs of ftyle by Spenfer, is politely and 
 elegantly expreiTed in thefe lines, of a poem, 
 printed araongft thofe of Tibullus, IV. 11. 7. 
 
 qulcqmd agit, quoqub VtftigiajkRifa 
 
 Componlt fur tint) ftihfiqmtitrque decor. 
 
 $ T A N Z*
 
 * EM ARKS ON SPENSER. 21 9 
 
 STANZ. XXXIX. 
 
 But Trifirom then, dcfpoiling that dead knight 
 Of all thofc goodly ornaments of praife, 
 Long fed his greedy eyes with die fair fight 
 Of the bright metal, mining like fun-rays ; 
 Handling and r^rzirg :he~ 2 thouiinc irays. 
 Virgil, JEn. VUL 618. 
 
 file De* Jaus ft laxto Let MS fomre, 
 
 ExpUrl meyntj atpe ocxbs ferjbgala : ; 
 
 ACratxrqxt, imttryu mans ft brat 
 
 TaT&jlem criJKs galeans, 
 
 "Which alfb is copied from Homer. 
 
 CANTO VI. 10, IX. 
 
 Echidna is a monfter direful dread, 
 Whom Gods do hate, and Heavens abhor to fee; 
 So hideous is her (hape, fo huge her head, 
 That ev'n the hellHh Fiends affrighted be 
 At fight thereof, and from her prefence flee, 
 Yet did her fece and former parts profds 
 A fair young maiden, full of comely glee ; 
 But all her hinder parts did plain exprefs 
 A monftrous dragon, full of fearful ugtinefs. 
 
 To her the Gods, for her fo dreadful face, 
 In fearful darkneis, furtheft from the flue, 
 And from the earth, appointed have her place 
 'Moagfr, rocks zed cares, where flie enrolTd 
 doth lie 
 
 In
 
 220 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 In hideous horror and obfcurity, 
 Wafting the ftrength of her immortal age. 
 
 Taken from Hefiod, Quoy. 295. 
 
 'H J' rr)t' aAAo 
 
 xoAi; uzzro 
 3fwv, 
 pa ot Ja<r<ravlo S'foj xA 
 
 H 
 
 r^tal 
 
 Jpfa infuper peperlt allud monftrum, ingcns, mini fim'i* 
 Mortdibus hominibus, neque immortalibus Diis, 
 Specu in coucavo, dlvinam ammo mfra^io Ecbldnam : 
 Dimidiam nympkam, nigris oculis, pulckm gems, 
 Dlmidlam item ingentem ferpenteni, borrcndumque ti 
 
 magnum, 
 
 Varium., crudivorum, diving fub cavernis tcrr<e. 
 Illic vero ei fpecus eft. in imo, cava fub petra, 
 Proculab immortalibufque Diis, mortaUbufque bominibtts ; 
 Ibi fane ei dejlinarunt Dii inclitas domos i/icolere, 
 Atque coercebatur apud Syr os fub terra tetra Echidna^ 
 Immortalis nympha, et fenii expers diebus omnibus, 
 
 CANTO
 
 'ARZS ON SPEXSE*. 121 
 
 c A y i o. vn. 19. 
 
 The whiles, Ins Jabrage page, that wont be preft, 
 andred in the wood another way, 
 
 T D be 
 
 c .-. 
 
 And at the foot thereof a gentle flood 
 His filver waves did foftly tumble down, 
 Unmarr'd- wirtv ragged aicrfs or filthy mod ; 
 Ne mote wild beafts, ne mote the ruder clown - 
 Thereto approach, ne filth mote therein orowc 
 
 Ovid, Met. 111.407. 
 ftms ar&t titimu, niiidu argattcns rnndi;, 
 Qua* tuque pcfteres, IK yu pafl* mnte capdLf 
 Ccntigcraxt, ahtuhe pecus : quern nuUa vdmcris, 
 Necftra tsrbsret, me tepfus *b arbsrc ramus. 
 
 s T-A x z. ix. 
 
 That even her own Cytheron, though in it 
 She [Venus] ufed mod to keep her royal couxt t 
 
 He (hould have (aid Cjtbera* 
 So again, III. vi. 29. 
 
 -iher in Paphos, or Cytheron hiH, 
 Or it in Gaidus be, I wote not well. 
 
 5 T A N z
 
 22Z REMARKS ON SPENSER* 
 
 S T A N Z. XIII. 
 
 Look how the crown, which Ariadne wore 
 Upon her ivory forehead that lame day 
 That Thefeus her unto his bridal bore, 
 When the bold Centaurs made that bloody fray 
 With the fierce Lapithes, which did them difmay 
 It was not at the wedding of Thefeus and Ariadne, 
 but of Pirithous and Hippodamia^ that the Centaurs 
 and Lapitha? fought. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXII, XXIV, 
 
 Speaking of the Graces : 
 
 They are the daughters of fky-ruling Jove, 
 
 By him begot of fair Eurynome, 
 
 The Ocean's daughter, in this pleafant grove, 
 
 As he this way coming from feaftful glee 
 
 Of Thetis' wedding with ^cidee, 
 
 In fummer's fhade himfelf here reflcd weary. 
 
 The firft of them hight mild Euphrofyne, 
 
 Next fair Aglaia, lad Thalia merry. 
 
 Therefore they always fmoothly feem to finile, 
 
 That we likewife fhould mild and gentle be ; 
 
 And alfo naked arc, that without guile 
 
 Or falfe difiemblance all them plain may fee, 
 
 Simple and true from covert malice free : 
 
 And eke themfelves fo in their dance they bore, 
 
 That two of them flill forward feem'd to be, 
 
 But one ftill towards fhew'd her felf afore ; 
 
 Wat good Jhould from us go, then corns in greater Jiore. 
 
 A friend
 
 on spfi^sr 
 
 A 
 
 vttrd it ftooid be/rvowdL 
 tvsaerd. As i is not unlikely tfeit die 
 be mifendczfiooiJ by Ibme readers,- I Cull explain 
 k. 
 
 t&x csms, im grtsUr 
 
 ^i ~.'z ; ^ . :r. ~ i.: ...c _'. z .-f r '. i TT i : ir. ^ :'.?. ; ~i.ir...~ =" 
 is, t&et,ga*4JkgmU* from K i* gnmixr/xK :sam 
 .-:--; ;. _- : _::_i: - .- ^.:__ ;.. -,;; ;-.: :. ,.-.. ^ 
 
 i..~.-LT. *; 
 
 For vC^or helhooldhanre fad Madia, boi Ac 
 ibyme woald not admk it. Pcdiaps JEMalse: 
 bat the old Engiifli poets tool: firangelflicmes 
 
 _._. _ __ '".. i _ TM -^ _^ n-g"^ 
 
 .-..." _...': .._......:. ..: ..... -.._::_ --- > .. j ------- ; 
 
 this abqfiy^-nnfhcrrfifally in my opinioia, in d& 
 
 my Mfrn, 1 k*4 thmgAt this 1*4 turn tl* 
 
 A-;' . .: :.--:-;: TTMJ -;: _;.;_: --;.:.- : 
 ^rif ,/bK Pt&gtgx/9*l ft 
 itAwi&tte frtaa atiiafm. Xby mrgdjsm -a*& 
 
 ja ate them t tffetr fir artoam Pareg^csl csm- 
 kfm* * tmpriaus PjsiaxSrf tf let-'.. 
 
 jy$kl? srf I&r msfter* 
 
 ;
 
 2^4 REMARKS ON SPENSEK. 
 
 Rtmotiftrant, they were net making Latins : if in foal- 
 ing with an outlandijh name, they thought it beft not 
 to f crew the Englifh mouth to a harjh foreign termina- 
 tion, fo they kept the radical word, they did no more 
 than the eleganteft authors among the Greeks, Romans, 
 and at this day the Italians^ in f corn of fuch a fertility, 
 vfe to do* Remember how they mangle our Britifo 
 names abroad : what trefpafs were it, if we in requital 
 Jbould as much negleft theirs ? And our learned Chau- 
 cer didnotftick to do fo ; writing Semyramus/or Se- 
 jniramisa Amphiorax for Amphiaraus, K. Sejes/or 
 K. Ceyx, the hujband of Alcyone ; -with many other 
 names yftrangely met amorphi fed from true orthogra- 
 phy, if he had made any account cf that in theft 
 kind of words. Animadv. upon the Remonftr, 
 Defence againfl Smedlymnus. \ 
 
 What Spenfer fays of the Graces, is from Hefiod 
 and Seneca. Hefiod, Theog. 907. 
 
 TiV Si ol 
 
 Vresvero ei [ Jovi] Eurynome Gratias pepcrit pulchras 
 
 genas kabevtes, 
 
 Oceanifilia, pcroptabilem formam habens, 
 dglaiam, et Euphrofynen, Thaliamquc amabilem. 
 
 Seneca, De Benef. I. 3. Nnm dlcam quare tres 
 y et quarc fororesfint, et qiwe mwhis bnpkxis,
 
 09 SPENSER. 225 
 
 ifure TJ*Mtts,jgats, <i tarybrf, jMrfrf ar ac jdhnifr 
 & miJem nrr cafatf MOB *fp* jktbae- 
 
 .','- "<=. ;: jf _' . : .:.". :::_:; ^ : JJ_". -:- . 
 
 tnul ct tayperstimm m^UntanMV. fA. friend of 
 
 nir:^ read3 ; ^ : ^^ be- tfcor^ir- /^~- ; pnmenm- 
 
 if 
 
 [Sec Gnxxnius.] Jwreta: fam mtm 
 
 ht 
 
 tf m ,~m r : 9 y_y_ r j- r ____ f * - . - __ 1>J 
 400, aftC mmfitlfH . dflOuu UBft fmMHIS mlfW* M&- 
 
 ' _ : _:; :; : : : .' . -' ^ ... .; v ::.; : :- :. 
 
 It is a vulgar error to imagine that die ancients 
 ahrars reprefeiKed the Graces naked. 
 
 S T A X Z. XXXIV. 
 
 Whence e'er lie did recov'r, he did him quell, 
 And hewing off his bead, it yccicmed 
 Before the feet of she feir Paftord; 
 Who fcarcely yet from former fear exempted, 
 
 A ::::^-i ::~-i him :i^:k'j ? ^: ci^ he: Jri'i: 
 pvcventeo. 
 
 : :r.:e ::::;'..: :..i:. :: ~ i-.r '. t - = -."; ::r\: :-- 
 
 nd hewing^off his head, tt it presented. 
 
 E.
 
 226 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 But I now rather think, that Spenfer makes ke&d 
 a dhTyllable ; fa-ad, as they flill pronounce it in 
 fome places. 
 
 BOOK VII. 
 
 CANTO VI. 3. 
 
 Speaking with reference to Jovr, the poet men- 
 tions, 
 
 Hecate, in whofe almighty hand 
 He plac'd all rule and principality. 
 
 So Hefiod, Theog. 411. 
 
 *fixaT>jj/ Tfxf, TOV Tfftc} vroi'jluy 
 Ztuf TtLpovifas T'u>)<rt. T^c^fv Siol oi'y'ha.oi <Twa, 
 Moi^av t%w ya.\-w rt xj drgvyiroio S-aAotVouf. 
 
 Hecaten peperit, quam fuper omnes 
 Jupiter Saturnius honor civil : dedit vtro eifpkndida dona, 
 Poteftatem ni babcat terraque, et inexkaitjli marls. 
 
 S T A N Z. XX. 
 
 " Ye know, fays Jupiter to the Gods, that we 
 quite deftroyed the giants ;" 
 
 Yet not fo quite, but that there did fucceed 
 An offspring of their blood, which did alite 
 Upon the fruitful earth, which doth us yet defpite. 
 
 Ovid,
 
 REMARKS o: Z1U ^^J 
 
 Ovid, Met. L 156. 
 
 Olrnrta mole fta arm c*rpar*iBr*jacemt, 
 Pfrfitjam muho natorm Jaagtaie Terra* 
 Ixcabdjfefermt, caMtmqtu ammdgt crmarem^ 
 Ef me x*&ifsr<efcrp!S mojumtMla maxfrtxt, 
 Imfadem vtrfife botmxam : fed ft i 
 
 Et viefaitafmf : farts -t fortune xatos. 
 
 s T A s z. xzir. and xxx. 
 
 \\Tiat is faid of Jupiter's nod is taken from that 
 paflage in Homer, fo well known, that it need not 
 be quoted. 
 
 s T A y z. XTIX. 
 
 Jupiter fi; 
 
 I would have thought, that bold Procruftes" hire, 
 Or Typhon's fell, or proud Ixion's pain, 
 Or great Prometheus* tafting of our ire, 
 Would have fuffic'd the reft for to reftrain, 
 
 j all men, by their example, to refrain. 
 
 The example of Procruftes is not to die purpofe, 
 : offended particularly againft Ju- 
 piter, nor was puniihed by him. He wasfiain by 
 Thr. 
 
 C A
 
 228 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 CANTO VII. 10. 
 
 And all the earth far underneath her feet 
 Was dight with flow'rs, that voluntary grew 
 Out of the ground, and fent forth odours fweet. 
 
 'Tis a common thing among the poets to call 
 forth flowers, and make them fprirrg up fpontane- 
 ouily, to honour the Gods, or perfons of diftinftion. 
 Homer led the way, and thus lings upon a certain 
 occafion : II. S. 347. 
 
 ToHrj tT JTTO p^Jhov J7<x (fivtv noS"nXia TOO/JIV, 
 Atolov & tu(TJiv7a, lit xeoxov $3? JaxivS'w 
 IIuxv(>v Xj petXxMV. 
 
 Hos aut cm fatter tellus 'divina ftonmifit recent em herb am, 
 Lotumqu? rofddum, et crocum, et kyatintbum 
 D enfant et mollem. 
 
 Hefiod.' Theog. 194. 
 
 IIo(ro'j UTTO p 
 
 Profit verb vcneranda formofa dea : circurn verb herba 
 Pe dibits fab moUibus crefeebat. 
 
 Claudian is very profufe of grafs and flowers. 
 Conf. Pr. et Ol. 115. he lays of Theodofius, 
 
 Cefplie gramineo confederate arbore fultits 
 jlcclitKS biiHieros. Downturn gavifa coronal 
 Terra fttum, furguntque tons major ibus herb*. 
 
 See
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER* 229 
 
 Hon. et Mar. 188. Rapt. Prof. II. 71. 
 Laud. Serense, 89. 
 
 S T A N Z. XII. 
 
 Was never fo great joyance, fince the day 
 That all the Gods \vhilom afiembled were 
 On Hzmus* hill in their divine array, 
 To celebrate the folemn bridal chear 
 Twixt Peleus and dame Thetis. 
 
 It was not H*mus, but Pdion, where the Gods 
 met upon that occafion. 
 
 STAN z. xvn, &c. 
 
 U'ha: follows, concerning the mutability of all 
 things, may be compared with the difcourfe of 
 Pythagoras upon that fubjed, in Ovid, Met. 
 XV. ,65. 
 
 Omnla mutantur : ni&l tntcrit , fsk. 
 Spenter certainly had it in view. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxvi. 
 
 It was the beaft that whilom did forray 
 < Tbc Nemaean foreft, till th* Amphytrior.:ie 
 Him flew. 
 
 Read, Ampkitrytmide. 
 
 ^ IQ
 
 230 REMARKS ON SPENSEfc, 
 
 In Hughes' Edit. 
 
 Th' Nem*anforejl 
 
 Which feems to be right. Concerning the adjective 
 Nem<an or Nemesax, fee Munker on Hyginus, 
 Fab. XXX. Not. d. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXVII I. 
 
 Next him September marched eke on foot ; 
 In his one hand, as fit for harveft's toyl, 
 He held a knife-hook ; and in th' other hanc] 
 A pair of weights. 
 
 La Balance rft \_avj our dhu'i] reprefenlte avec fes deux 
 bajfins, pofie fimplement fur la terre. Manikyj&int un 
 homme qui lafouttent^ et la tlent en qftion: Humana 
 eft facies Librz, dit it. Les anciens Calendriers la 
 faifoient foutenir par la Vurge : mats cet emploi fut de- 
 kgug a Augiifte par les flatteurs de fon temps. Lt$ 
 j&gyptiens attrwuoilnt ceite fonfiion a un loomme^ qv.i 
 Jbutenant la balance de la mam droife, tenoh de la gauche 
 meperche,oumefured* arpenteur. Huetiana. pag. 394* 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXIX. 
 
 He fays of Scorpius : 
 
 The fame that by Diana's doom unjufl, 
 Slew great Orion. 
 
 Why
 
 &EJ4A1KS OH CFEHSER 
 
 Why wjr^f ? fince Orion gave the provocation, by 
 attempting to nvifti her. But, according to fome 
 
 he did :ic:hbg 
 
 : T : . XL. 
 
 The feed of Saturn and fair Nais, China bight. 
 was Ion of Saturn, and ofPhilyra daughter of 
 
 S T A X 2. III. 
 
 5;ta3ungofCapriconi, 
 
 Upoa a (haggy-beaxdcd goat he rade; 
 The &rne wherewith Dan Jove in tender yes: 
 They uy, was nouriih'd by th* Idaean maid. 
 
 * He confounds Capricorn with AmaJthea's goat. 
 
 s T A x z. ZLII. 
 
 Ttten came old January, wrapped well 
 In many weeds to keep the coid away : 
 Upon an huge great eanh-potftean he flood ; 
 From whole wide mouth there . flowed forth the 
 Roman flood. 
 
 The RamatJxJ, I fuppofe, is rifew: be: 
 jiovand Apgraa are two diftin& conftribtion^ 
 
 Q 4 TAX:
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. 
 
 But you, Dan Jove, that only conftant arc, 
 And king of all the reft, as ye do claim, 
 Are you not fubjedt eke to this misfare ? 
 Then let me aik you this, withouten blame, 
 Where were ye born ? fpme fay in Crete by name, 
 Others in Thebes, and others other-where. 
 
 The Heathens that were learned in their own 
 Theology, reckoned up three Jupiters ; one of Crete, 
 two of Arcadia. Cicero, de Nat. Depr. III. 21. 
 Principle Jovcs tres numerant.ii, qui theologi nomi- 
 nantur : ex quibus primum et fecundwn natos in Arcadia : 
 tertium Crefenfim. There is a Theban Jupiter 
 often mentioned in Herodotus, and fo called, be- 
 caufe he had a temple at Thebes in ^Egypt. You 
 may find an account of a Jupiter born at Thebes, 
 in Natalis Comes, II. i. 
 
 THE SHEPHERD'S CALENDAR. 
 
 FEBRUARY. 
 
 The block oft groaned under his blow, 
 And fighed to fee his near overthrow. 
 In fine the tfeel had pierced his pith, 
 Tho' down to the ground he fell forthwith. 
 His wondrous weight made the ground to quake. 
 
 Virgil,
 
 REMARKS ON SPEKSEl. 233 
 
 Virgil, JEn. II. 628. 
 
 Ilia ufoe mitatftr, 
 
 Et tremefafta comam concvjjb vertice nutat ; 
 Vclnerwt's donee paidlatim cviSafttpremuM 
 Congemuit, traxitqtu jttgis avolfa rwnom* 
 
 OCTOBER. 
 
 For ever who in dening-<lo were dread, 
 
 The lofty verfe of them was loved aye. 
 
 This feems to be copied from Claudian, Pnef. 
 ad II. Coni". Stil. 
 Gaudft enlm Virtus tt#<s Jibi jungtre Mujas: 
 
 Carmen am&t qirifquis carmine digna fjclt. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 ' ' \\Tiat fignifies it, fays the Shepherd, to receive 
 
 no other recompenfe than praife r" 
 
 So praifen babes the peacock's (potted train, 
 And wondrea at bright Argus' blazing eye : 
 But who rewards him ere the more for-thy ? 
 Or feeds him once the fuller by a grain ? 
 Laudalur, et alget! lays Juvenal, Sat. L 74. 
 
 and again, Sat. VII. 30. 
 
 didicii jam dives avorits 
 
 Tantum admtrari, tantum Lutdart d'fcrtos, 
 
 Ut pueri JUJIOKU Avem. 
 
 Ariftoph. Equ. 551. 
 
 N O V E M B E
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 K O V M B E R. 
 
 Whence is it, that the flowret of the field doth fade, 
 And lieth buried long in winter's bale ? 
 Yet, foon as fpring his mantle hath difplayde, 
 It flowreth frefh, as it Ihould never fail. 
 But thing on earth that is of mod avail, 
 As virtue's branch, and beauty's bud, 
 Reliven not for any good. 
 
 Tibullus, I. iv. 31. 
 
 Crudeles Diyi ! ferpens novus exuat amos f 
 Forma no/t uliam Fata dedere morani ? 
 
 Ovid, Art. Amat. III. 77, 
 
 Anguibus exuitur tenui cum pelle vetujlas -, 
 
 Necfachnt cervos cornuajatfafe/ies. 
 Nqftrafine auxilio fugmnt bond. 
 
 Catullus, V. 3. 
 
 Soles of cider e & redire pojfunt : 
 Nobis, qmm fimel occidit brevis lu%) 
 Nox eft perpetua una dwmienda, 
 
 IBID. 
 
 XJnwife and wretched men, toweet what's good or ill, 
 We deem of death as doom of ill defert : 
 But knew we, fools, what it us brings until, 
 Die would we daily, once it to expert. 
 
 8 Lucan,
 
 REMARKS OK S*H*&* I : . 
 
 Loon, very beautifully, IV. 519. 
 
 D C E M 1 7 
 
 And tried time yet taught me greater things : 
 The fudden rifing of the raging feas ; 
 The footh of birds by bearing of their wings; 
 The power of herb?, both which can hurt and eafe : 
 
 And which be wont t* enrage the rcftleis (keep, 
 
 And vhkh be wont to werjt eternal 
 
 But ah, unwiie and widefc Colin Clout? 
 Tkat kydit the hidden kinds of many a weed; 
 Yet kydft not one to cure thy (ore heart-root, 
 Whofe rankling wound as yet does rifely bleei 
 
 Ovid, Met. I. 521. 
 
 mechu mtum e#; opiferqxe per orbem 
 
 Hri vul'iy ynd nSis cmor efl zuJicabilu bcrtisz 
 }\cc profiat jomaO) yufprcfiat omnibus j ortu? 
 
 IBID. 
 
 And thus, of all my hatveft hope, I have 
 Nought reaped, but a weedy crop of care ; 
 Which whtfn.I thought t' have threfc'd in ftrclling 
 
 theavc, 
 Cockle for com, and chaff for barley bare. 
 
 Virg:!.
 
 236 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Virgil, Eel. V. 36. 
 
 Grandia ftpe quibus mandavimus hordea fulcis, 
 Jnfelix lolium, et Jleriles dominant ur oven*. 
 
 Job xxxi. 38. If my land cry againft me, - 
 let thiftles grow injlead of wheat, and cockle inftead of 
 barky. 
 
 EPILOGUE. 
 
 In this Epilogue, in which he fings his Exegt, 
 he fays, 
 
 Dare not to match thy pipe with Tityrus his ftile, 
 Nor with the Pilgrim that the Plough-man plaid 
 
 awhile : 
 
 But follow them far off, and their high fteps adore. 
 From Statins, Theb. XII. 816. 
 
 Vive, precor, nee tu dhinam j&ne'ida tenta, 
 Sed longefequere, et vejligia femper adora. 
 
 COLIN CLOUT's COME HOME AGAIN. 
 
 Whilil thou waft hence, all dead in dole did lie; 
 The woods were heard to wail full many a figh, 
 And all the birds with filence to complain ; 
 The fields with faded flowers did feem to mourn, 
 And all their flocks from feeding to refrain j 
 The running waters wept for thy return, 
 And all their fi(h with languor did lament : 
 Pjut now both woods, and fields, and floods revive, 
 Sith thou art come, their caufe of merriment. 
 
 Virgil,
 
 S.EH ARCS OH SMMtt/- I : - 
 
 EcL VH.55- 
 
 10 tffeff , nUhff afaaatmfeas, 
 
 :- 
 
 M-f fgff" BL/lg ^Ofrsfft Silt JJJlt Jaffif - 
 
 ~ ' - -,---.--*..,.. - - 
 
 s,P. 
 ?:; : 
 
 Te naftea riiere rctfpte. 
 I x i D. 
 
 : hare here a dcfcri pdoa of a (hip, br 2 
 Stephen! who kad imrcr fen one before : 
 
 For as we flood there trailing oa d* f&ood, 
 Beboid, an huge, great vetfe: :o us ram^, 
 Dazciog upoa the water's bock to load, 
 .: (com'd die danger of d&c :"_ 
 
 Vt-
 
 238 REMARKS ON 
 
 Yet was it but a wooden frame, and frail, 
 Clewed together with fome fubtile matter ; 
 Yet had ir arms, and wings, and head, and tail* 
 And life to move itfelf upon the water. 
 Strange thing, how bold and fwift the monfler was I 
 That neither car'd for wind, nor hail, nor rain, 
 Nor fwelling waves, but thorough them did pafs 
 So proudly, that (he made them roar again. 
 
 Cicero, De Nat. Deor. II. 35. 
 
 " Ilk apud Attium pajlor, qtd navem numqttam ante 
 vidffet, nt procul d'winwn et novum vchiculum Ar~ 
 gomutarum e monte conjpexit, primo admirans et per* 
 territus, hoc modo loquitur : 
 
 Tanta moles labitur 
 
 Fremebunda ex alto, ingenti fonitu etjlrepltu : 
 Prtefe undas vofoit : vortices vi-fufcitat, 
 Rv.it prolapfa : pelagus refpergit : pro/ltd f, &c" 
 
 See the notes of Dr. Davies. 'Tis likely Spenfer 
 had thefe in his mind* 
 
 Dryden, Conquefl of Mexico : 
 
 Guy* At laft, as far as I could caft my eyes 
 
 Upon the fea, fomewhat methougfrt did rife 
 Like bluifhmifts, which ftilUpproaching more, 
 Took dreadful (hapes, an,d moy'd towards 
 
 the more. 
 
 The objedl 1 could firft diftindly view, 
 Was tall ftrcight trees, wjiich on the waters flew. 
 
 Wings
 
 OK 3PEKSER. 2JO. 
 
 Wings on their fides inftead of leaves did grow, 
 Which gather'd all the breath the winds 
 
 could blow : 
 
 And tt dwir roots grew floating palaces, 
 Whofe out-biow'd bellies cut the ykkiir. g 
 What divine monfiers, O ye Gods, were thefe, 
 That float in air, and flie upon the feas ! 
 Came they alive or dead upon the Ihore ? 
 Gxy. Alas, they liv'd, too fure ; 1 beard them roar : 
 All turn'd their fides, and to each other fpoke : 
 I few their words break out in fire and (moke. 
 Sure 'tis their voice that thunders from on high, 
 Or thefe the younger brothers of the ftie. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 So far that land, our mother, did us leave, 
 And nought but fea and heaven to us appear. 
 
 Virgil, JEn. III. 192. 
 
 Pojlqxam alftm tenure rates, nee jam amp&a ulLe 
 Jpparatt tar*, arlxm taufic**, et wrfupu pottxs. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Or !:.- rde true, 
 
 In which all colours of the rainbo\v be. 
 The Emperor Nero faid of the do 
 
 CoBa Cjtbcriac* fikndcnt <$Uaia cQlianb*. 
 Which verfe his tutor Seneca commends gre . 
 -Nat. Quaeil. I. 5. And indeed it is not a bad 
 
 IBID.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Her name on every tree I will endofsy 
 
 That as the trees do grow, her name may grow, 
 
 Virgil, Eel. X. 53. more elegantly r 
 
 tenerifque meos inddere amores 
 Arboribus : crefcent ilia : crefcetis amores* 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Venus, fays he, is 
 
 Both male and female. 
 
 So the ancients : Venus 'Av^^-w^. Catullus 
 calls her duplex Amatbufa. See alfo Servius on 
 Virgil, JEn. II. 632. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 And well I wote, that oft have heard it fpoken, 
 How one that faireft Helene did revile, 
 Through judgment of the Gods to been ywroken, 
 Loft both his eyes, and fo remain'd long while, 
 Till he recanted had his wicked rimes, 
 And made amends to her with treble praife. 
 
 He fpeaks of the Poet Stefichorus. 
 
 VIRGIL'S
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 24! 
 
 VIRGIL's GNAT. 
 
 Spenfer (hould not have undertaken to tranflate 
 the CULEX. His verfion is in many places wrong, 
 and in fome fenfelefs ; nor is k any wonder, for 
 the original is fo corrupted, that no fenfe can be 
 made of many lines in it, without having recourfe 
 to conjecture ; and where k is not corrupted, it is 
 often very intricate and obfcure. Scaliger has 
 done much hi his excellent notes towards fettling 
 and illuftrating it : but after all, the commentary 
 is better than the text; and we may (ay of 
 Scaliger's Culex, what Scaliger faid of Cafaubon's 
 Periius : La fauce vaut mieux qut k poijjbn, I know 
 not how to believe that Virgil is the author of 
 that poem, though Scaliger is fiilly perfuaded 
 of it. 
 
 S T A N Z. II. 
 
 The golden offspring of Latona pure, 
 And ornament of great Jove's progeny, 
 Phoebus (hall be the author of my fong. 
 
 Toe ornament of great Jove's progtiy. What is 
 that ? the moft illuftrious of all Jove's children ? 
 That is the beft fenfe that can be put upon it ; but 
 it is fomewhat wide of the text : 
 
 Late**, magmque fccus Jovii, aur*a proles, 
 Pbeebus frit eoftri frlnctps et carmims a*8or. 
 
 R S T A M 2,
 
 242 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 S T A N Z. III. 
 
 And the fweet waves of founding Caftaly 
 With liquid foot doth flide down eaftly. 
 
 Perhaps, wave. 
 
 Cajldidque fonans liquldo pede labitur unda. 
 But waves dothjlide, is in Spenfer's manner. 
 
 S T A N Z. VI. 
 
 Nor how mount Athos through exceeding might 
 Was digged down. 
 
 Not digged down, but digged through. 
 Non perf of/its Athos. 30. 
 
 S T A N Z. VII. 
 
 Nor Hellefpont, trampled with horfes feet, 
 When flocking Perfians did the Greeks affray. 
 
 Non Hellefpont us pedibus pulfatus equorum, 
 Grtfcia cum timuit vententes undlque Per fas. 
 
 Obferve, that the author of this poem here imi- 
 tates Lucretius, III. 845. 
 
 Ad confligendum venientibus undique P>ns. 
 
 s T A N z.
 
 REMARKS C: ER. 213 
 
 S T A X Z. XI. 
 
 The whiles another high doth overlook 
 Her own like image in a cryftal brook- 
 So he renders 
 
 *.* itta 
 
 Imndnet in rim prafi&ith imagims undo*. 
 
 Which muft be corrected, before it can be tranf- 
 lated. 
 
 S T A H Z. X 
 
 He makes himfelf foil blkh, 
 With fundry flowers in wild fields gathered. 
 
 ilil 
 
 Flaribus agreJUs barb* varuptt&iu adfknt. 
 
 I rather think that fora varunties are flowers 
 
 painted and ftreaked with divers colours. So ttara 
 
 jkres; var'ue com* forum ; varii ra&mi; wa varia; 
 
 i'ariavejlis; varia tigris; au&tot Tntx&a, and the like; 
 
 . h are to be found perpetually in this fenfe. 
 
 S T A W Z. XIX. 
 
 As that Aitrean bard, whofe fame now rings, &:c. 
 
 Specfer wrote, or feould have written, Afcrtm. 
 HefpeaksofHefiod. 
 
 T A N 2,
 
 244 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T AN Z. XX. 
 
 Hyperion, throwing forth his beams full hot, 
 Into the higheft top of heaven gan clime; 
 And the world parting by an equal lot, 
 Did flied his whirling flames on either fide, 
 As the great ocean doth himfelf divide. 
 The lafl line is obfcure in this tranflation. 
 Tendit inevettus radios Hyperionis ardor, 
 Lucidaque <thereo ponit difcrimina mundo, 
 ^uajacit oceanum fammas in utrumque rapaces. 
 He fhould not have tranHated mundtts, the world : 
 mundus here, as in the beft writers, is coslum. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXII. 
 
 to which of yore 
 
 Came the bad daughter of old Cadmus' brood, 
 Cruel Agave, flying vengeance fore 
 Of king Nidileus. 
 
 quo quondam viflii furore' 
 
 Venll Nyflileum fugi'ns Cadmeis Agave 
 
 This is corrupted. Nyflelius is one of the appella- 
 tions of Bacchus. 
 
 s T A N z. xxvi. 
 
 And that fame tree, in which Demophoon 
 By his difloyalty, lamented fore, 
 Eternal hurt left unto many a one. 
 
 Strange
 
 ARKS ON SPENSER. 245 
 
 Strange (tuff this! But the original is corrupted, 
 
 Poferius, ad Dtmopboo* *terxa re&put 
 Perf&u* lamemiojdi mala, fafJa mutes. 
 See Scaliger. Phyllis, thinking flic was fbrfaken 
 by Deinophoon, hanged herfelf, (ay fome, and was 
 changed in amygdalrm. She died of grief, lay 
 others, and where (he was buried, trees fprung up, 
 which at certain times mourn her death, by (bedding 
 their leaves. See Hyginus, Fab. LJX. Ovid. Art. 
 Amat. III. 37. Remed. 55. and 591. Hence may 
 be guefled what tree k is that the author of the 
 Culex fpeaks of. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Whom als accompanied the oak, of yore 
 Through fatal charms transform'd to fuch an one. 
 
 He is miftaken here. 
 %*am comitabaitgr fjtalia carm'ata qxerau. 
 
 Fatalia carmina, fatlcf yieerau, junLJcTf Nam 
 in DoJax* reJL&bayt vrjodstm. SCALIGER. 
 
 S T A N Z. X5VJJ. 
 
 Here alfo grew the rougher-rinded pine, 
 The great Argoan (hip's brave ornament, 
 Whom golden Fleece did make an heavenly fign ; 
 Which coveting, with his high top's extent, 
 To make the mountains touch the ftars divine, 
 Decks all the fbreft with embellifliment. 
 
 R 3 This
 
 246 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 This is fcarce fenfe. 
 
 Hie magnum Argo<e navi deem edit a pinus 
 Proceras decor at filvas hirfuta per artv.s ; 
 Appetit aereis contingere montibus ajira. 
 
 Perhaps it fhould be 
 
 pinus, 
 
 Proceras dccorznsjilvas, hirfuta per art us , 
 Appetit aereis contingere montibus aftra. 
 
 This conjecture came into Scaliger's mind ; but 
 he rejected it. 
 
 The meaning of the laft line feems to be, that 
 the pine, a tall tree, growing alfo on the moun- 
 tains, ftrives to reach the iky. 
 
 Ovid, Met. I. 94. 
 
 Nondum c*fafnis, peregrinum ut viferet orbem, 
 Montibus, in liquidas p'mus defcenderat undas. 
 
 Catullus, de Nupt. Pel. et Thet. v. i. 
 
 Peliaco qiw;idam pro%nat# vertice plnus 
 Dicuntur liquidas, &c. 
 
 See Homer, II. n. 482. quoted before, p. 102. 
 Burman conjectures, 
 
 Appetit aeris contingere frontibus ajlrn* 
 Not. ad Ovid, Met. X. 91. 
 
 S T A N Z.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 247 
 
 S T A M Z. XXXIV. 
 
 When as at faft be fpide 
 Hut flock's grand captain, and moft trafly guide. 
 
 He tranflatcs as if it were ageafai. 
 
 s T A M z. XLIII. 
 
 And fpoiftl of Charon, to and fro am toft. 
 He has not well exprefs'd, 
 Pr*** Qmrmtis ^&r. 
 
 S T A iff Z. XI. VI. 
 
 I few another's fete approaching feft, 
 And left mine own \nsfsfetj \<o tender; 
 Into the feme mHhap I nowamcaft, 
 And (hiHin'd detraction doth deftraerion render : 
 Not onto him that never hath trefpaft, 
 Bat panifliment is due to the offender. 
 Yet let deftroctioo be the panifliment, 
 So long as ihaokfd will may k relent. 
 
 This is foffidendy pbfcure. The original in- 
 deed is in ba
 
 248 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Inftantia vidi 
 
 Alterius, fine refpeftu mea fata relinqiiens. 
 Adpariles agor event us : fit pcena merenti: 
 Pcena fit exitium : mo do fit dum grata voluntas, 
 Exiftat par officium. 
 
 " Corruptiflima hasc funt, et perturbatifiima. Ita 
 lego: 
 
 fit pcena merenti, 
 
 Pxnafit exitium, modo, fi cui grata voluntas, 
 Exiftat par officium. 
 
 Age pleflar" fane, et mihi pccna pro beneficio 
 fit j dum tamcn fi cui gratus animus eft, is parem 
 gratiam mihi referat. Si qua eft gratia, mutuis 
 officiis me remuneretur." SCAL. 
 
 Spenfer makes fafety a word of three fyllables, 
 hisfafe'ty to tender. 
 
 He does fo very often. See Fairy Queen, II. x. 
 64. II. xn. 17. III. v. 36. III. ix. 40. III. x. 41 
 and 42. III. xn. 38. V. iv, 46, I. ix. i. I. xi. 
 33. VI. vr. 38. VI. vin. 34. In like manner 
 he ufes fetteled, faftened, ripened, attomment\ and 
 many other words. 
 
 s T A N z. XLVII. 
 
 For there huge Othos fits in {lid diftrcfs, 
 Fall bound with ferpents, that him oft invades ; 
 Far off behold ing Ephialtes tide, 
 
 once aflail'd to burn this world fo wide. 
 
 Nam
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Nam vtnSnsfedet immanis ferpentibus O.'bos, 
 DeoiSum mx/hu prccul adjfidens Epbialten, 
 Conati quondam cam fat incendere mundxm. 
 
 He tranflares dttictum, tide, as if it were c-: 
 turn. AndMitKium, tktWcrid, which means Heaven. 
 Perhaps procul here is not far off, but near} not far 
 off. It fhould be, perhaps, 
 
 Ccncti quondam cumfnt infcendere mundum* 
 
 Tofcale the heavens. Every boy knows the ftory. 
 Scaliger and Lindenbroghis are filent here, and I 
 have no other commentator to confiilt. Infiead of 
 c Which once aJfatTd" i: (hould be perhaps, affafd. 
 
 Thus, Sonnet XIV. 
 
 Such haughty minds, enur*d to hardy fight, 
 Difdain to yield unto the firft afiay. 
 
 s T A x z. XLTIII. 
 
 And there is mournful Tityus, mindful yet 
 Of thy difpleafure, O Latona fair; 
 Difpleafure too implacable was it, 
 That made him meat for wild fowls of the air. 
 
 Et Tityes, Latona, tux memor anxius ir, 
 Inplacabilis tra nimu,jacet alitis ejca. 
 
 The laft line is a filly and ambiguous translation 
 of jacet alitis ffca. His liver was gnawed by a 
 vultur. 
 
 ST A
 
 250 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. L. 
 
 With them the cruel Colchid Mother dwells, 
 The which conceiv'd in her revengeful mind 
 With bitter wounds her own dear babes to flay, 
 And murdred troops upon great heaps to lay. 
 
 Murdred troops, &c. is nothing to the purpofe, 
 and cannot belong to the ftpry of Medea. The 
 original is corrupted. 247. 
 
 3 T A N Z. LIV. 
 
 There chafte Alcefte lives inviolate. 
 For Akeftis. 
 
 S T A N Z. LXII. 
 
 For th j one was ravifh'd of his own bond-maid, 
 The fair Ixione, captiv'd from Troy. 
 
 Inftead of He/tone. But it is doubtful whether 
 this be the true fenfe of the place. See Scaliger. 
 299. 
 
 S T A N Z. LXIV. 
 
 And all the Rhastean fhore to aihes turn. 
 
 Rb<etean for Rhcetean-, and lower, Capbareus for 
 Capbdreus. 
 
 s T A N z.
 
 REMARKS OH SPENSER. 25! 
 
 STAN* Z. tXVI. 
 
 Th' other drove for to defend 
 The force of Vulcan with his might and m: 
 
 Vulntra protcEus deptUere mavfau 
 
 *To defend, for to repel-, is a Latinifin, and an e!e 
 bokhftds. 
 
 SoF^ry Queen, II. xn. 63. 
 
 And all the margent round about was fet 
 With (hady laurel trees, thence to defend 
 
 The 
 
 Having the blood of vanquifh'd Hedor ihed, 
 He compafs'd Troy thrice with hb body dead. 
 
 HeSoreo viSor lujiravit corpore Trojam. 
 
 Thrice is not in the original. Virgil a&rms it 
 indeed, JEn. I. +S-. contrary to Homer's account 
 of it. Spenfer has omitted, v. 328. 
 
 Paliadcjam Letatw 
 
 s T A H z.
 
 253 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Laftly, the fqualid lakes of Tartary, 
 And griefly fiends of Kell him terrify. 
 
 He (hould not have called it Tartary, which makes 
 a ridiculous ambiguity; for Tartary may be Tart aria, 
 as well as Tartarus, and indeed better. 
 
 STANZ. LXIX. 
 
 Ah ! but the Greeks themfelves more dolorous, 
 To thee, O Troy ! paid penance for thy fall, 
 In th' Hellefpont being nigh drowned all. 
 
 This translation is wide of the text, and the text is 
 corrupted. See Scaliger, 336. The Greeks fuf- 
 fered nothing in the Hellefpont. 
 
 STANZ. LXXIV. 
 
 Some fcatter'd on th' Hercaean mores unknown. 
 H^reaque late liter a. 354. 
 
 See Scaliger, who reads Gyr<ea, or Mgea, Hercaan 
 Jhores UNKNOWN is pleafant enough; there being 
 no fuch Ihores in rerum natura. 
 
 STANZ. LXXV.' 
 Horatii, that in virtue did excel]. 
 
 Horatia virtus. Virtus is not virtue here, but 
 valour. 
 
 STANZ.
 
 S ON SPENSEK. 253 
 
 S T A X Z. LXXTII. 
 
 And tloct 
 
 Taught him the fire's fcorn'd fury to deleft. 
 
 ^rcz/tf le&t yd arpar*/*mm*. 
 
 there is metaphorical; and the fade is, that 
 he boldly ran into danger, and loft his life. 
 
 s T A N z. LXXXIT. 
 
 . 
 
 The Spartan myrtle. 
 
 Spertum myrfas. 399. 
 
 which, whatever it be, is not Spartan. He adds, 
 
 whence tweet gum does flow. 
 
 which b an mfertkn of his own. 
 
 Here follows the conjecture of a friend of mine: 
 <* Imfeadcf Spartka myrtus, fer&xp it JbmU le 
 Bacchica, or Bscchk; jar the myrtus wr fund 
 U Bacchus, ms may bcje** im Athenarus, XV. fbe 
 CoauffaonxkaJ crtrrxsffit. Urns Hercules, imtte 
 Akeftis tfEmiftfa, afperfus flore Liberi patris :"
 
 254 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 So in Ariflophanes, Ran. 329. The Chorus 
 Myftarum fays to Bacchus : 
 
 TCVc OtVOt 
 
 If 
 
 , nemore Tooc^ rite futurtis 
 G Tlyafi dux venerandi : 
 G^uate florentem corollam, 
 Front e ^//^ tua nitefcit. 
 Foliis myrt'u 
 
 IBID. 
 
 And laurel th* ornament of Phoebus' toil. 
 Nothing like this in the Latin : 
 Laurus item Pfaebi Jitrgens decus. 
 
 S T A N Z. LXXXV. 
 
 - And the Sabine flowre, 
 Matching the wealth of th' ancient frankincenfe. 
 
 A ftrange tranflation of 
 
 Herbaque thuris opes prifcis imitata Sabinis. [Sabina.J 
 <c Herba Sabina prifcis Romanis pro trtre adokbatur" 
 
 SCALIGER. 
 
 IBID.
 
 REMARKS OK SPENSE*. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 And Box, yet mindful of his old offence; 
 
 EtBoaJms IBy* toga mamr. 
 
 Thus any dung may be made out of any dung ! 
 
 MOTHER HUBBERD's TALE. 
 
 His mind unto die Moles he withdraws j 
 Sweet lady Mufes, ladies of ddight, 
 Delighsoflife, and ornaments of Bght: 
 With whom he dofe confers with wife difcooric, 
 Of Nature's works, of heaven's mnrinnal coode. 
 
 , Georg. H. 475. 
 
 fm imgatfi feral/a amort, 
 etficrm matfrc*:. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 They feU 2t words 
 
 Whtaherof them fhoukl be the lord of kxds : 
 That nekher piealed was to have the rein 
 Twin them divided into even twain ; 
 But either, algates, would be lords alone : 
 For love and iordrnip bide no pvagooe.
 
 256 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Lucan, I. 92. 
 
 Nullafidts regnifociis, omriifaue potejlas 
 Impatiens confortis erit. 
 
 Statins, Theb. I. 120. Summo dulcius tmum 
 
 Stare loco, fociifque cowes difcordia regnls. 
 
 Seneca, Thyeft. 4.44. Non cap'it regnum duos. 
 
 Q._Curtiiis, X. 9. Nam et infoclabile ejl regnum, 
 et a phribus expetebatur. 
 
 Ennius, Frag, ad fin. 16. 
 
 Nulla fanRa foe ietas^ nee fdes regni eft. 
 
 Seneca, Agam. 259. 
 
 Nee regna focium ferre, nee ted<e fciunt. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 The ape was glad to end the ilrife fo light, 
 
 And thereto fwore : for who would not oft fvvear, 
 
 And ofc unfwear, a diadem to bear? 
 
 Cicero, from Euripides : De Offic. III. 21. 
 Namfi violandtfm ejl jus , regnandi gratia 
 Violandum eft : aliis rebus petal em colas. * 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Now when high Jove, in vvhofe almighty hand 
 The care of kings and power of empires ftand, 
 
 * So Hnry IV. of France faid, after changing his profeflion, 
 for policy; Paris vaut bien une Me/e. A king faid it 5 and of courfc 
 it pafl"ed as a Boa Mtt. 
 
 Sitting
 
 OX SPZ.NSZ?.. 257 
 
 Sitting one day within his turret hie, 
 From whence he views with his biack-lklded eye 
 What-fb the heaven in his wide vault contains, 
 And all that in the deepeft earth remains, &c. 
 
 Virgil, JEa. I. 227. 
 
 cum Jupiter tctbcrcfumme 
 Defpidau mare vc&voktm", terrafqxe jacentes, 
 Litcraqxe, ct Ittos poptks. 
 
 Speaking of Mercury : 
 
 Tho' on his head his dreadful hat he dight, 
 Which maketh him invifible to fight. 
 
 Like the hehnet of Orcus, in Homer, IL .845. 
 
 
 fed \iiiurcq 
 Indsdt Orel galeem, r.e ttfam sideret imfetusfns Mars. 
 
 What follows in Spenfer ab ry's Rod, 
 
 is partly from Homer and VL-_ . . 
 
 S N S E t XVIII. 
 
 And drizling drops, that ofiea do redound^ 
 Tr.e finneft flint doth in continuance wear. 
 
 S Lucretius,
 
 258 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Lucretius, I. 314. 
 
 Stillicidi lapfus lapidem cavat. 
 
 IV. 1281. 
 
 Nome vidcs, etiam guttas in faxa cadentes 
 Humoris longo in f patio pertundere faxa ? 
 
 Ovid, Art. Amat. I. 475. 
 
 ^iiid magis eft faxo durum ? quid molllus undo, ? 
 
 Dura tamen molli faxa cavantur aqua. 
 So Epift. ex Pont. TI. vn. 40. 
 yam dolor in morem venit mem : utque caducls 
 Percuflu crebro faxa wuantur aqiiis. 
 
 SONNET XX. 
 
 And yet the lion, that is lord of power, 
 And reigneth over every beaft in field, 
 
 In his mod pride difdaineth to devour 
 
 The filly lamb, that to his might doth yield. 
 
 Ovid, Trift. III. v. 33. 
 
 Corpora magnanimo fatis eft proflrajje leoni. 
 
 Statius, Theb. VIII. 125. 
 
 >fi dccidat hoftis^ 
 Ire fuper fatis eft, uitam^ue relinquere viSfo. 
 
 Claudian, Epift.' ad Hadr. 28. 
 
 tcrvique hones, 
 
 cahnt, eadcm preftrata relinquunt. 
 
 S N N I T
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 SONNET XXXV. 
 
 - fo plenty makes me poor. 
 Ovid, Met. III. 466. 
 
 Inopfm me copia fecit. 
 
 SONNET LX. 
 
 Thev that in courfe of heavenly fphears are fkill'd, 
 To every planet point bis fundry year ; 
 
 In which her circle's voyage is fulfill'd, 
 
 As Mars in threefcore years do:h run his fphear. 
 Cicero would have told him otherwife, De Nat. 
 
 Deor. II. 20. 
 
 SONNET LXIX. 
 
 \Vhat trophee then (hall I mod fit devife, ? 
 
 Evea this verfe, vow'd to eternitv, 
 Shall be thereof immortal monument ; 
 
 And tells her praiie to all pofterity, - 
 Perhaps, tell. 
 
 SONNET LXXII. 
 
 Oft when my fpirit doth fpread her bolder wings, 
 In mind to mount up to the pureft fky, 
 
 It down is weigh'd with thought of earthly things, 
 And cloggfd with burden of mortality. 
 Wifdom of Solomon, ix. 15. For tie corruptible 
 
 body prefctb down tbe fcul ; and tbc earthly tabernacle 
 
 weigbeti: dc~j;n tbe mind, that mufetb upmmany things. 
 
 S 2 POEMS.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 POEMS. 
 
 POEM IV. 
 
 Upon a day, as Love lay fweetly flumb'ring, &c 
 Compare this with Theocritus, Idyll. XIX. i. 
 
 PROTHALAMION. 
 
 From thofe high towers this noble Lord ifTuing, 
 Like radiant Hefper, when his golden hair 
 In th' ocean billows he hath bathed fair, &c. 
 
 Fairy Queen, I. xii. 21. 
 As bright as doth the morning ftar appear 
 Out of the eaft, with flaming locks bedight, 
 To tell the dawning day is drawing near. 
 
 II. xn. 65. 
 
 As that fair ftar, the meflengcr of morn, 
 His dewy face out of the fea doth rear. 
 
 Seneca, Hippol. 749. 
 
 Qualis eft primas refer em tenebras 
 Nuncius noElis, modo lotus undis 
 Hefperus, pulfis iterum tenebris 
 Lucifer idem. 
 
 Virgil,
 
 . REMA7 :?ENSSfc. 261 
 
 Virgil, JEa. VIII. 589. 
 
 Qualis ubi Occam pcrfufus Lucifer srM, 
 **f7* Venus ante aizcs aftrcrmm diligit ignis* 
 Extidxt osfacrum ctelo^ taubrafane refc.. 
 
 Homer, 1LE. s . 
 
 - ' mtfmt naAi>x*, ST* 
 
 The poet Ion calls Lucifer, 
 
 Skie-ranging Morning ftar, 
 
 V'~hiee-wing'd forerunner of the God of day. 
 
 'AT W i^Va, ar^t /w^ut [I believe it ihould 
 be fuuapn] cA^ Xr^tJ 7^> vp&un. A good 
 inftance of the ftyle of Dkhyrambics. You may 
 find it in the Scholiaft of Ariitophanes, Pac. 835. 
 
 See Bentley on Malela, p. 53^. Man* is not, I 
 think, to be found; but only pow, and 
 Herodotus ufes /uaw, tnipf**. P. 401. 1. 20. 
 
 EPITHALAMION. 
 
 Ah ! when will this long weary day have end : 
 
 Long tho' it be, at laft I lee it gloom, 
 
 And the bright evening ftar, with golden creft, 
 
 Appear out of the eaft 
 
 Fair child of beauty, glorious lamp of love 
 How cheerfully thou looked from above ! 
 
 S 3 Catullus,
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 Catullus, LX. i, 26. 
 
 Vefper Olympo 
 
 Exfpeftata diu vix tandem lumina tollit. 
 Hefpere qui ccelo lucet jucundior ignis ? 
 Qui dejponfa tuajirmes connubia flammd 
 Qu<e pepigere i>/r/, pepigerunt -ante parentes, 
 Necjun^re prius quam fe tuus extulit ardor, 
 Quid datur a divis felici cptatius hord? 
 
 Seneca, Medea. 71. 
 
 Et tu, qu<e gemini prtfvia 'Temporis 
 Tardeftella redis femper amantibus : 
 Fe matres avid*, te cupiunt nurus, 
 Quamprimum radios fpargere lucidos, 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Speaking of Jupiter and Night : 
 Or like as when he with thyfelf did lie, 
 And begot Majefty. 
 
 According to Ovid, Majefty is the daughter of 
 Honos and Reverentia. 
 
 AN HYMN IN HONOUR OF LOVE. 
 
 Begot of Plenty and of Penury. 
 
 Plato fays, that Cupid was born of Plenty and 
 Poverty; H^ ^ iW*?. Conviv. 
 
 IBID.
 
 I 2 I 9. 
 
 Wknefs LranJfT in the Euxinc wares. 
 
 Not 
 
 AN HYMN IN HONOUX. OFBEAUTY. 
 
 Bat ye fair Dunes - 
 Loath dot fool Mot, dot hdEfli firebrand, 
 Difloyal Loft, fair booty's tbdeft blame, 
 That bsfe zficfiioa, v1ik& joor cais vookl 
 Oxmncnd ID jou br LOTC'S abofcd name; 
 Bat is indeed the boadHive of Deune, 
 Which viD the gnfand of your g^orj JMT, 
 And quench thej^fe of yoar bright (bluing flar. 
 
 CimflKy lor HHKBwcoL oO flt Ins Anmopotmos 2 
 OfPalbs, andmherovniLiacaB&und. 
 
 ^._:_ _= ._;. 
 
 1 2 I B. 
 
 Taercfore, to make yoor beauty more 
 It TOO behoves to lore, and fords to lay 
 That heareair riches, which inyaa jebear. 
 
 aor, tttffb&eaffrif&er: But 
 : _ Spealb
 
 264 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Spenfer ufes riches in the finguhr number, as 
 
 riche/e in French. So again, in his Tears of the 
 
 Mufes, 
 
 Melpom, St. vr. 
 
 Why then do foolifh men fo much defpife 
 The precious ftore of this celeflial riches ? 
 
 AN HYMN OF HEAVENLY LOVE. 
 
 Speajdng of our Saviour : 
 Yet nought thou afk'ft in lien of all this love, 
 But love of us, for guerdon of thy pain : 
 Aye me ! what can us lefs than that behove ? 
 Had he required life/sr us again, 
 Had it been wrong to afk his own with gain ? 
 
 He gave us life, he it reflored loft ; 
 
 Then life were leaft, that us fo little coft. 
 I think it fhould be, life from us ; or, life of us. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 But He our life hath left unto us free, 
 Free, that was, thrall, and blefTed, that was bann'd ; 
 :Ne ought demands, but that we loving be, 
 As hs himfelf hath lov'd us afore-hand, 
 And bound thereto with an eternal band ; 
 
 Him firft to love, that was fo dearly bought, 
 And next, our brethren to his image wrought. 
 Himfirft) &c. To make fenfe of this, we muft 
 fuppofe the fenfe and conftrudion to be, Firft to 
 return him that Love, which was fo dearly bought by 
 
 him.
 
 MARKS c: rR. 265 
 
 few. Bat this is fo forced and intricate, that I be- 
 lieve the reader will prefer this conjecture of a 
 friend of mine: 
 
 " Him firft to love, that us fo dearly bought.*' 
 
 D A P H X A I D A. 
 
 e as the native rofe, before the change 
 Which Venus' blood did in her leaves imprefs: 
 
 Bion, IdylL I. 66. 
 
 AJJMB fsfvt T<x7f, rx et ziv. L:-x. 
 
 See alfo Pervigilium Yeaeris. 23. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 As to afflift fo fore 
 
 The innocenr, as thofe which do tranfgrefs. 
 
 So forty for as forety. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 In purenefs, and in all celeiiiil grace, 
 That men admire in goodly womankind, 
 She did excel ; and feem'd of Angels race, 
 Living on earth like Angel new divin'd, 
 Adorn'd with wifdom and with chaftity. 
 
 .'d is an odd expreS:. meet with 
 
 it again in The Ruins cfTime:
 
 266 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 Whilft thus I looked, loe, adown the lee 
 I faw an Harp, ftrung all with filver twine, 
 And made of gold and coflly ivory, 
 S'.vimming, that whilom feemed to have been 
 The harp, on which Dan Orpheus was feen 
 
 Wild hearts and forrefts after him to lead ; 
 
 But was th' harp of Phillifides now dead. 
 
 At length, out of the river it was rear'd, 
 And borne about the clouds to be divirfd ; 
 Whilft all the way moft heavenly noife was heard 
 Of the firings, ftirred with the warbling wind, 
 That wrought both joy and forrow in my mind. 
 So now in heaven a Sign it doth appear, 
 The Harp, well known befide the Northern Bear. ' 
 
 I think it mould be, 
 And borne above the clouds to be divin'd. 
 
 " To be divin'd -," that is, I fuppofe, to be deified, 
 by being made a conftellation : Vo&*&i. 
 
 Ovid, whom Spenfer has in view, fays of the 
 harp of Orpheus, Met. XI. 5 1 . 
 
 Media dum labitur ainnc* 
 
 Vlebile nefeio quid qumtur lyra,flebi!e lingua 
 Murmur at cxanimis : refpcndent fiebile rip^e. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Is it fo uneath 
 To leave this life, or dolorous to die ? 
 
 Virgil,
 
 REMARKS O> 5?I>5IR. 
 
 Virgil, Ma. XIL 646. 
 
 Ufqme m&amt men mjtrmm ? 
 IBID. 
 
 But, as the mother of the Gods, that {ought 
 
 fair Eurydice, her daughter dear, 
 Throughout the world, wish woful heavy thought ; 
 So will I travel whilft I tarry here. 
 
 IT a jumble is this r I fuppole he would Lave 
 {pokes of Ceres and Proferpina. 
 
 MU1OPOTMOS. 
 
 Mmerra did the challenge not refule, &c. 
 
 Much of what follows is taken from the feble of 
 Aiachoe in Grid, Met. XI. 5, &c. 
 
 1 B I P. 
 
 With eiccHcnt device and wondrous flight, 
 Flutt'ring among the olives wantonly, 
 That iecm'd to live, ib like kwas in fight: 
 The velvet nap which on his wings doth lie, 
 The filken down with which his back k dight, 
 His broad out-ftretched horns, hh eaj thighs, 
 His glorious colours, and his glificring eyes. 
 
 I think u ihould be, his bozry thighs, 
 
 TH z
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER 
 
 THE TEARS OF THE MUSES. 
 This Poem puts me in mind of thcfe lines in 
 Shakefpeare. 
 
 Thefeus reads 
 
 " The 'thrice three Mufes, r.icurning for the death 
 Of Learning^ late deceased in beggary" 
 That is fome fatyr, keen and critical ; 
 J^ot forting with a nuptial ceremony. 
 
 See Midfummer Night's Dream, Act. V. Scene I. 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 S T A N Z. I. II. 
 
 Rehearfe to me, ye facred fitters nine, 
 The golden brood of great Apollo's wit,- 
 For fiace the time that Phoebus' foolifli fon 
 Ythundered, through Jove's avengeful wrath, 
 
 Of you his mournful fitters was lamented, 
 
 Such mournful tunes were never fmce invented. 
 
 I think' it is againft mythology to make the 
 Mufes the daughters of Apollo. Since the time 
 i^ere never Jince iirventcd, is a redundancy ; 
 but iuch as is common in good writers : For 
 inttance, 
 
 Virgil, jn. IV. 24. 
 
 Sed tniki vel tellus opter,i prius ima, delnfcat, 
 Vd Pater omnipctens adigat me fulmine ad umbras, 
 Pallentes umbras Erebi, nottemque profundam, 
 Ante, Pudor, quwn te violo, aut tua jura refolvo. 
 
 I Oiali
 
 UiM * RSLS ON. SPENSES. r 
 
 I (hail here ttanicnbe fomc cxamf&s 6f Reiip- 
 4ancies, which I find the Editor of the MxE*m- 
 cms Otjtrcatiems has coDedcd ; VoL 1L p. 37. 
 
 Catullus, DC Arr. LXI. 47. - 
 AJW *2*sxtfrxrjxs re&tmmml vafr rtftSt, 
 Prodcnaus, tb TT^. VI. 163. 
 
 Nexms JaifK, qm maau ntryrfss 
 
 Ji trrgtm rrct^yerasS rc-rc^zs. 
 
 ID Sjmm. I. : | 
 
 JVfr ttrqmtrf face* petit # **$** Trbnat, 
 
 
 Jfocfditmm canxrfmsiter revecife rarajtm, 
 Seneca, HippoL 676. 
 
 Ac vafa retry fj^rt M 
 Retort* ar/ms. 
 
 Locretius, IL 12$. 
 
 yae rcpzlf* mersi. 
 
 Vcr. 999. 
 
 Id rmrfmrn imB rdfawm tempi* retepuuf. 
 IV. 
 
 Omxt* cmoeru* fmrfitmyu fvpm* r/ur 
 JL/ reJUx*tnfimj*mm/mt*Ti Uqtum. 
 
 tm
 
 270 REMARKS ON SPfiNSER* 
 
 To thefe inftances I add this from Seneca, Nat. 
 Qviaeft. I. 5. Retort a oculorum acie, et in fe rurfuf 
 reflexa : And I obferve that they are frequent enough 
 in Greek writers : For example 
 
 Ariftophanes, Plut. 238. 
 
 'EuS'uf xolwflu^t'v /AS xIa TTif yrfi 
 
 Ver. 552. 
 
 Threefold negations, as *Vr ^, and *'<& 
 occur in. the New Teftamenr. So like wife, 
 
 Herodotus, IV. 95. 
 
 + 
 
 Ka7a$ <Ji X*TW sj TO x 
 
 Epiphanius, H^r. 25. 2. 
 
 Ariflophanes, Plut. ver. 779. according to Dr. 
 Bentley's conjedture : 
 
 Nub. 743. according to Kufter's conjecture : 
 
 Kara -njv yttffUQ TzraAjv K/y]<rw av^K au <ry. 
 Ver. 971. 
 
 ir' au araAtv <tu3'? avif*/**!'*?. 
 
 Pac. 843, 
 
 Hx <?uo* ay^if 7i%Aiy ( 
 
 Ver.
 
 02* SFETfSES. 
 
 Ver. 60. 
 
 AT:-.: ^2- -: 
 
 Avib. 1456. 
 
 _ T 
 
 _1T 
 
 EcddliooS. 
 
 - 
 
 AT ^ O Jf : 
 
 S T A WZ. I. 
 
 O wboChall poor into my fcoOcp crcs 
 
 A Tea of tears, that newer mar be dries ? 
 
 JereaEish, iz. i. Ok tfat my **** ^ e 
 mud mime eta * faauim tj leers, tbal Jms^tt 
 
 S T A N Z. Till. 
 
 For all man's life me (cems a tragedy, 
 Fall of &d fights and farecac&opbecs; 
 Firft coming to the vorid with veepmg eye,
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Shakefpeare, King Lear, Aft. IV. Scene, near 
 Dover. 
 
 Thou muft be patient; we came crying hiiher: 
 Thou know'ft, the fiiil time that we fmell the air, 
 We wawle and cry. 
 
 Lucretius, V. 223. 
 
 Turn porro, puer, ut fevis prcjeftus ab undis 
 Navifa, nudus bumijacet^ - 
 Vagituque locum lugubri complet^ tit <equum eft t 
 Cui tantum in vita reftet tranfire malorum. 
 
 Seneca, De Confol. ad Polyb. 23. Non vides qua- 
 lent vitam nobis rerum natura promiferit^ qua primum 
 mfcentium cmenfietum ej/e voluit. Where fee Lip- 
 fius. See alfo Cyprian, de Bono Patientise, c. 6.. 
 We muft except Zoroaftres, who came laughing 
 hito the world, and was the only one that was ever 
 known to do fo, according to Pliny. 
 
 Herodotus, V. 4. fays of the Traufi, a people of 
 
 Thrace, Tv plv 'yivoptvov TSt^itoptvoi 01 
 Ofoc.fj.iv 1?, ITT'II re lyivtlo 
 
 Valerius Maximus, Mela, and Solinushave taken 
 notice of this cuftom. 
 
 EUTERPE.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 273 
 
 EUTERPE. 
 
 And fpeaking ftreams of pure Caftalion, 
 The famous witnefs of our wonted praife. 
 
 He calls this fountain Caflalion for the fake of 
 rhime. Speaking frr earns is taken from the ancient 
 poets. Thus Statius, Silv. V. v. 2. 
 
 Iwmfns. 
 Silv. I. ii. 6. 
 / de Pi eriis vecakm fontiku Madam. 
 
 See Barthius there, who quotes thefe h'nes of an 
 old Oracle : 
 
 OJ* In 
 
 Sidonius, Cann. XTV r . 
 
 Ew, Calliope * nitentepalma, 
 Da facri Jaticts faptacitatem : 
 Alluding, it may be, to the ivcalts und* of 
 Statius.* 
 
 SoMiltoc, moftbeaubfolly. Par. L. B. III. jo. 
 
 Thee, Sion, and the flsm'ry brooks beneath, 
 That waA thy balkmtd feet, and 
 
 Fountains, and ye that wvfakj as ye flow, 
 
 VISIONS
 
 274 REMARKS ON 
 
 VISIONS OF THE WORLD'S VANITY. 
 
 S T A N Z. IV. 
 
 What is here mentioned of the Eagle and Sca- 
 rabee, is taken from one oL-Efop's Fables. 
 
 STAN z. xr. 
 
 What time the Roman empire bore the reign 
 Of all thfc world, and flourifh'd moft in might, 
 The nations 'gan their fovereignty difdain, 
 And caft to quit them from their bondage quite : 
 
 So, when all ihrouded were in filent night, 
 The Galls were, by corrupting of a maid, 
 PofTefs'*d nigh of the Capitol through flight, 
 Had not a goofe the treachery bewraid. 
 
 The Romans were far enough from being mafters 
 of the world, or of Italy, at that time of day. The 
 corrupting a maid, belongs to another ftory. See 
 Livy, I. 1 1. Even in the time of Alexander, the 
 Romans were little known in Greece. T&eopompus, 
 ante qttem nemo mentiomm [de Romania] kabuit: ur- 
 Icm dlintaxat a Gallis captain dixit. Pliny, III. v. 
 
 A S T R O P H E L. 
 
 Another fwain, 
 
 Hight Theftylis, began his mournful tourn. 
 
 Tbejlylis is no name for a fhepherd. 
 
 Trf JE
 
 IARES QJfirSJfSWU 275 
 
 THE MOURNING MUSE OF THESTYLIS. 
 
 His lips wait pale and von, 
 
 Like damaik ro(es bud 
 Caft from the fblk; or like 
 
 In field to purple flowre, 
 \Vhich 
 
 -as it p. 
 
 Catulhis,XL -. 
 
 Vlrgil, JEn. UL 435. 
 
 Purpmrau vdfti am jbr Jttftijgs erain 
 
 Statics, Silr. HL in. 128. 
 
 ^..:;;j ;j.V: ;;r: .;':.-.';.: : '^f, 
 
 : ? r0^r friauss msnaxtsr ad aaftr: 
 At mti verm mavis acpirat piirpiara fr; 
 
 IBID. 
 
 The dm his lighdbm beams 
 
 Did (brood, and hide his *"_ 
 For grief, wfeerebT the earth 
 
 Fear"d aight eteruaHy : 
 
 T 2 The
 
 276 REMARKS ON SPENSEK, 
 
 The mountains eke were fhook, 
 
 The rivers turn'd their ftreams, 
 And th' air 'gan, winter-like, 
 
 To rage and fret apace : 
 And grifly ghofts by night 
 
 Were feen, and fiery gleams 
 Amids the clouds with claps 
 
 Of thunder, that did feem 
 To rent the fkies, and made 
 
 Both man and beaft afeard. 
 The birds of ill prefage 
 
 This lucklefs chance foretold 
 By dernful noife, and dogs 
 
 With howling made men deem 
 Some mifchief was at hand. 
 
 From Virgil, Georg. I. 466. 
 
 Ilk etiam extinRo miferatus Ctffare Romany 
 Cum caput obfcura mtidum ferrugine texit, 
 Inpiaque aternam timuerunt fecula noftem. 
 Temper e quamquam illo tellus quoque ft aquora pontt, 
 Qbfcxmqiie canes* import unique volucres 
 Signa dabant, &c. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Which made them eftlbons fear 
 
 The days of Pyrrha Ihould 
 Of creatures fpoil the earth. 
 
 Horace,
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 Horace, Carm. I. n. 5. 
 
 Ttmat gcntu, grave m retire* 
 Siculum Pyrrb*. 
 
 THE RUIXES OF TIME. 
 
 How many great ones may remembred be, 
 
 :h in their days moft famoufly did flouriih ; 
 Of whom no word we hear, nor fign we fee, 
 But as things wip'd out with a fpunge do perifh, 
 Becauie the}', living, cared not to cherilh 
 No gentle wits r 
 
 He ought rather to have &id, H&o maty freat 
 
 Horace, Carm. IV. ix. 25, 
 
 yixtre fortes ante Ag& 
 Multi ; fed omrus Hbcrimabiies 
 Urgentxr, jgnctiquc Imga 
 
 :f, carcnt qtiia v&te facro, 
 
 IBID. 
 Speaking of the Mufes : 
 
 So whilom raifed they the ptriflkat brood 
 
 Of golden-girt Alcmena 
 
 So rais'd :. : Leda's warlike twins. 
 
 T 3 Horace,
 
 278 RE.MARKS ON SPESfSER. 
 
 Horace, IV. viu. 2$. . 
 
 Dignum laude virum Mufa "jet at mori : 
 Cxlo Mufa beat. Sic Jovis intertft 
 Off ails epulis impiger Hercules ; 
 Clarum Tyndarid<e fidus ab infimis 
 eripiunt tequoribus fdteS* 
 
 I B i r>. 
 
 Such one Maufolus made, the world's great wonder, 
 But now no remnant doth thereof remain : - 
 All fuch vain monuments qf earthly mafs, 
 Devour'd of Time, in time to nought do pafs, 
 
 Maufolus did not make his own monument : his 
 wife erected it for him. The Poet fhould hav4 
 (aid, 
 
 Such one Maufolus Toad.. 
 
 IBID. 
 
 For not to have been dipt in Lethe lake 
 Could fave the fon of Thetis from to die ; 
 But that blind Bard- did him immortal make, 
 With verfes, dipt in dew of Caftalie. 
 
 The lines are elegant ; but he fhould have faid, 
 For not to have been dipt in Stygian lake. 
 
 IBID.
 
 REMARKS OK tPffXSCR. 
 IBID. 
 
 Which made the Eaflern Conqueror to cry, 
 O fortunate young man, whole rertoe found 
 So brave a tramp, thy noble ads to (bund! 
 
 turn virtmtis jat#fr4cmam mangel. Freinlnemii 
 SuppL in Q^Cumum, L 4* 
 
 IBID. 
 
 Not that^nat areh, which Tr^ao edifide, 
 To be a yonder to all age eofuing, 
 Was fnarrh^hk* to this in equal viewing. 
 
 Trajan's ftonc bridge orer die Danube was 4 
 moft furprifing work, which Dioa Caffius iajs 
 could never be enough admired. See Lipfius, 
 De Magn. Roman, III. 13. 
 
 IBID, 
 
 At laft, when all his mourning melody 
 He ended had* that both the (bores refbunded, 
 Feeling the nYthat him foretrarn'd to die, 
 With lofay fight 9bm die earth he bounded, 
 And x of fight to higheft heaven mooBted. 
 
 Should knot be etet* He Jpeate <f 
 
 T 4
 
 2$0 REMARKS ON SPENSE*. 
 
 <B R 1 T A I N's IDA. 
 
 CANTO II. 3. 
 
 Andfcatter'd rays did make a doubtful fight, 
 Like to the firft of day, or laft of night. 
 
 Ovid, Met. IV. 399. 
 
 Jamque dies exaftus erat, tempufyue fubibat, 
 Quod tu nee tenebras* nee pojfis die ere lucem; 
 Sed cum luce tamen dubi<e confinia noftis. 
 
 But the one defcribes break of day, and the other 
 the clofe of the day. 
 
 Seneca, Here. Fur. 671. 
 
 noRefic mixtafolet 
 
 Pr<ebere lumen primus autferus dies. 
 
 Ovid, Amor. I. v. 5. 
 
 ^ualia fublucent^ fugiente^ crepufcula Pbctbo : 
 Aut ubi nox abiit> nee tamen orta dies. 
 
 CANTO V. I. 
 
 But kept his love and burning flame within, 
 Which more flam-'d out, the more he preft it in. 
 
 Ovid, Met. IV. 64. 
 
 magis tegitur, tecJus magis <ejluat ignis. 
 
 S T A N 1.
 
 REMARKS OK SPENSE*. 2'T T 
 
 ! T A N 2. IT. 
 
 Nor did (he fcora him, though not nobly bora : 
 Love is Nobility. 
 
 Ovid, Epift.IV. 161. 
 
 But wfcy does he IV :hifcs was not nobly 
 
 born ? It is a great miflake. Anchifes was the foa 
 of Capys, Capys of Aflaracus, Aflaracus of Tros, 
 Tros of Enchthonius, Erichthonius of Dardanus ; 
 Dardanus of Jupiter, and of Eiefba, who vat 
 the daughter of Atlas. 
 
 CANTO vi. 9. 
 
 That Jove upon him down his thunder darted, 
 Blafting his fplendent face, and alibis beauty fwarted* 
 
 -gil, JEn.II. 648. 
 
 Exgiowu dfotem peter Mtyu bomxau* roe 
 Fulmsms odfavit vfMtis, ct cemtigit i 
 
 THUS much on Spenfer. What I have here 
 offered may be called an Eflay, or rough draught 
 of a Commentary; deficient, indeed, in many points;
 
 282 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 yet in fome meafure ufeful, and entertaining to a 
 poetical reader of Spenfer. Much more might be 
 done, particularly towards fettling the text, by a 
 careful Collation of Editions, and by comparing 
 the Author with himfelf : -But that required more 
 time and application than I was willing to beflow, 
 and more copies than I had by me. I bad only 
 two Editions to confult. 
 
 I iliall fubjoin a remark or two on the Differta- 
 tion which Mr. Hughes has prefixed to his 
 Edition ; intitled 
 
 AN ESSAY ON ALLEGORICAL POETRY, 
 
 " Homer's giving fpeech to the river Xanthus 
 in the Iliad, and to the horfes of Achilles, feem 
 to l)e inventions of the fame kind, and might be 
 defigned to fill the reader with aftonifhment and 
 concern." 
 
 Homer's giving fpeech to the horfe [not horfes] 
 of Achilles, is indeed a bold fiction ; but his 
 giving fpeech to the river Xanthus is not fo, 
 nor- ought it to be reckoned more marvellous 
 than his making Jupiter and Juno fpeak : for 
 Xanthus was not the water of the river, but the 
 
 God
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 2$ 3 
 
 God of the river, as Neptune is the God of the 
 fea. 
 
 " We find a large groupe of thefe 
 figures placed in the fixth book of the ^Eneis, at 
 the entrance into the infernal regions ; but as they 
 are only {hewn there, and have no mare in the 
 action of the pcern, the defcription of them is a 
 fine allegory : 
 
 Lucius et ultricts fofuere cubilia Cura, 
 
 Morbi, Senectus, Mstus, Fames, Ege- 
 ftas, Letum, Labos, Sopor, Bellum, 
 Difcordia, Somnia. 
 
 As perfons of this imaginary life are to be ex- 
 cluded from any fhare in Enick Poems, &c." 
 
 Excluded. Why fo ? and by what law ? Somnus 
 is introduced as acting in the Ilias more than once, 
 as alfo in ether Heroic poems : and "Tn.^ x) *'- 
 -.*?&, Sleep and Death, are appointed to carry off 
 the body of Sarpedon, and have a place in HeCod's 
 Theogonia, v. 759. 
 
 In a poem which is built upon a Jcwi(h or 
 Chriftian plan, a mixture of true religion and 
 fable; good and bad Angels in one place, and 
 Jupiter and Juno in another, is perhaps juftly 
 liable to cenfure , though fome great poets have 
 
 not avoided it. 
 
 But,
 
 284 REMARKS ON SPENSER* 
 
 But, to allow a poet to introduce Mars and Mi* 
 lierva, and to forbid him to make ufe of Sleep, 
 and Death, and Fear, and Difcord, &c. as actors, 
 ieems to be injudicious ; founded upon a weak pre- 
 judice, that the latter have not in our imagination 
 as good a right to be Perfons as the former. The 
 Heathen theology is to be taken from the heathen 
 writers ; and whatever is a deity in Homer and 
 Hefiod, has a perpetual and inconteftible right 
 to be a poetical God. 
 
 THE LIFE OF SPENSER. 
 Pag. xvm. 
 
 Hie, prope Chaucerum, fitus eft Spenferius, illi 
 Proximus ingenio, proximus ut tumulo. 
 
 ****** 
 
 Hie prope Chaucerum Spenfere poeta poetatn 
 
 Conderis, et verfu quam tumulo propipr. 
 Anglica, te vivo, vixit plaufitque Poefis ; 
 
 Nunc moritura timet, te moriente, mori. 
 
 *' In the laft couplet, fays Mr. Hughes, it is not 
 improbable the author might have in his eye thofe 
 celebrated lines written by Cardinal Bembo on 
 Raphael d' Urbin. 
 Ille hie eft Raphael, timuit quo fofpite vinci 
 
 Rerum magna parens, et moriente mori." 
 
 The
 
 *MARXS ON SPENSER. 25 
 
 The author of thefe paltry verfes has not only- 
 borrowed the thought which he has fo ill exprefled 
 in the laft diftich, but that which is in the lines 
 before it j for I remember to have feen fomewherc 
 this Epitaph on Sannazarius, made by Bembus : 
 
 Da far o cituri flora: bit Vie Marcwt 
 Shu frits MmfaprexmuSj mttxmub.
 
 t * 
 
 Communicated by a FRIEND of the EDITOR. 
 
 S I R, 
 
 IF the few following Strictures oo 
 Spenfer meet with approbation, they are at your 
 fervice, and may form no unwelcome Appendix 
 to your Father's REMARKS upon this his favourite 
 and much-favoured author. 1 find them, in manu- 
 fcript, on the blank leaves of a printed copy of 
 thofe Remarks. They were many years fmce 
 drawn up by a late writer ; they appear to be 
 equally elegant and judicious ; and have never yet 
 been publilhed. 
 
 I am, Sir, your's 
 
 B. 
 
 SPENSER
 
 REMARKS 0^ SPENSBE. 
 
 . SPEKSER's FAIRY QJJEEX... 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 S T A N Z. I. 
 
 Tis plain Spenfer here imitates thofe four lines, 
 which are fometimes preflxf tir the jEneid, though 
 I can by no means believe them Virgil's. 
 
 file ego, qui qmtodam grocHi veodalohts avex 
 Co-Mat; c: egrtjiu Jfrhis, viciw foegi 
 
 G rat urn opus Agr'xolis : at num horrent ;a &L 
 Anna, virumque ca*o, ir. . 
 
 In the fecoad ftanza, and the fourth, tfcexe is t 
 thought, which Mikon has borrowed in the begin- 
 ning of his poem : 
 
 \Miat in me is dark, 
 Illumine : what is low, raiie and iupport. 
 
 s T :n. 
 
 Horace's requeft to Veous is of the 
 ; .is of Spenfer : 
 
 Ftrvidus tecvm P*tr, tt Joint s$ 
 Gratia zenis, properentque Njv: 
 pantm comisfnt tt Jwentos, 
 L. L.Od. 30. 
 
 S T A X Z.
 
 288 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. IV. 
 
 <e Afflicled ftyle." Quaere, whether it fliould not 
 be afefted ? Spenfer, in his letter to Sir Walter 
 Raleigh, calls his poem " a continued allegory, or 
 dark conceit." 
 
 BOOK I. 
 
 CANTO I. 14. 
 
 The light thrown into the dark cave by the 
 armour of the knight, is not unlike what we read 
 in Milton : 
 
 A dungeon, horrible on all fides round, 
 As one great furnace flam'd ; yet from thofe flames 
 No light, but rather darknefs vifible 
 Serv'd only to difcover lights of woe. 
 
 Par. Loft, I. 6f. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXI. 
 
 'Tis well known all rivers are reprefented by old 
 wen. See Grsevius on Callim. H. to Delos, v. 71. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXIII, 
 
 The poet has a fnnile, B. n. C. ix. 16. from 
 gnats, with an expreffion or two fimilar to this. 
 
 High
 
 REMARKS ON SPEXSER. 289. 
 
 ' on a bill is a ciFCumftance beautifully imagin- 
 
 ed. Homer, II. A. 275. f . 
 
 b n>? iter 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXIX. 
 
 See the beginning of Theocritus' firft Idyll. 
 
 x) TI'TV;, airt^, 
 
 The bumming of bffs is very frequently mentioned 
 Theocritus, whofe or^ is the moft beautiful 
 for it that can be conceived : v. 107. 
 
 See Homer II. B. 87. and JEneid. I. 433. VI* 
 709. 
 
 - 5. -:;>// o/Ki5 mwrmxrc campus 
 
 S T A N Z. XL I I I. &;. 
 
 All this bufinefs of the dream is plainly borrow- 
 ed from Homer. Spenfer fays the dream, 
 
 " Upon his hardy head d ;" 
 
 And Homer, 
 
 11. B. ad Jmi. 
 
 The immediite ?!_;: . hence Spenfer : 
 :ripiion of thr 7 a 8. Ifuppofe 
 
 is S: and 76. of Taflb's 
 
 -ee Fairfc :ion. 
 
 L CANTO
 
 290 REMARKS ON SPENSER, 
 
 CANTO II. 7. 
 
 The epithet of rojy -finger' d is Homer's 
 and of fmgular beauty. 
 
 S T A N Z. XIX. 
 
 His grudging gbojl, tec. is well explained by 
 Virgil's, 
 
 Pitdque cumgemitu fugit indignata^ umbras. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXIII. 
 
 Thus Virgil, uEn. V. 49. 
 
 Htycm femper acerb um, 
 
 Semper konoratum (fie Dn voluijlis) habebo. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXIV. 
 
 All Servius's Remarks are of as cold a fort, as 
 that here quoted by Dr. Jortin, from ^En. IV. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXX. XXXI. 
 
 This is taken from the ftory of Polydorus in the 
 third JEncid, v. 27, &c. 
 
 Nam, qu<e prima folo ruptls radicibus arbos 
 Fdlitur 9 huic atro liquimtur fanguine gutt*, 
 El terram tabo maculant. Mibi frigidus horror 
 Mimbra quant, geiidufque coit formidine fanguis. 
 
 Gemltus
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 Gemtits tacrymabiKsimo 
 AM&IWT tumxlo, et vox Tcd&ta fcrtv ad cures* 
 
 See aifoBook II. Cant. i. ft. 42. 
 
 CANTO III. 5. 
 
 Spenfer's Lien does much more than Horace's 
 indeed te had nothing but innocence : the 
 fair lady's beauty might well do more, when joined 
 with that : 
 
 Namqitc mejyhd lupus m Sabind, 
 Dum mean canto Laligen 
 
 Fugit inermcm : 
 Qualc portentum nupu xa liter is 
 Damia in lath aUt ffcuktis, 
 Nee Jvba tf!l*s general l , kcnum 
 
 AxiJa jurtrix. 
 
 Lib. I. Od. 22. 
 
 In fome ancient remains Cupid is reprefented as 
 riding on a lion. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXYI. 
 
 The ancients imagined that the ghoft of a man 
 
 unburied could not p.its over the Lethe. The 
 
 Sarazin requires Revenge to Jlakt the anger of the 
 
 furies : Paiinurus debres .Eneas only to bury him. 
 
 xc. 
 
 U 2 --
 
 2p2 REMARKS ON SPENSER/ 
 
 Aut tu mihi tcrram 
 
 Injicc ant 
 
 Da dex.tr am mlfero, et tecum me talk 'per undas, 
 
 Sedibvs ut faltem plaadis in morte quiefcam. 
 
 So Horace, Lib. I. Od. 28. 
 
 At tu, naufa, vag< ne parce } malignus, aren*. 
 
 In the thirty-fecond ftanza, the poet fays that 
 the merchant, " oft doth blefs Neptune :" fo in 
 the Ode whence the above is taken, 
 
 Multjque merceSy 
 
 Unde poteft, tibi defiuct <equo 
 Ab 'Jove, Neptunoque facri cuftode Parent f. 
 
 BOOK II. 
 
 C ,A N T O I. 27. 
 
 Virgil's defcription of the horfe, Georg. III. 83 
 Did cruel battle breatbe" 
 
 ftwiyji qua fonnm procul arma dedere, 
 Stare loco nefdt ; m'uat auribus ; et tre/mt artus; 
 remens volvit fitb naribus ignem. 
 
 S T A N Z. XLII. 
 
 Caliimachus, Hymn, in Lav. Pdlados. 
 
 fo?, fxoXXao-av y<x,f> 
 
 Ttuotla, ^ (fitnoiv i^tv ft^r^avta. 
 
 Virgil,
 
 JEn. IJ. iz. 
 
 AECS OH CFKX3E*. 293 
 
 Of 
 
 HL+S. 
 
 G&j$^,/ttfrnt$K<vm*, el 
 
 SJisfccfpoinc has pbmlf taken firom benee his, 
 
 S T A X Z- 
 
 As lk gnodgpngr, &c.- See Tdanachns, 
 B. iS. at tbc beginning. 
 
 ST A3TZ. Llli. 
 
 Cyndib, filling ncrbocm, and calling Locma, b 
 truly chfficd. See Virg. ^Ea. IIL 645. 
 
 CALL I If. 
 
 C A.M T O II. 7, 
 
 r&u Kmaln mejmfc, &L*. 
 
 Hocace,!. 2:. 
 
 S T A I* Z. XXVII. 
 
 Tercet. 
 
 U3 ST A M Z.
 
 .294 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXIX. XL. 
 
 Thefe are plainly imitated from the latter end of 
 the firft, and beginning of the fecond book of the 
 ^Eneid; particularly, 
 
 " Drawing to him the eyes of all around, 
 From lofty fiege began thefe words aloud to found." 
 
 Contifuere omnes intent ique or a tenebant : 
 Inde toro Pater JEneasfa orfus ab alto : 
 t( Infandum^ regina,jubesrenovare dolor em" 
 
 S T A N Z. XLVI. 
 
 Virgil, "JEn. III. v. 716. 
 
 Sic Pater &neas intentis omnibus unus, 
 Fata renarrabat Divom, curfufque docebat : 
 Coniicuit tandem, faftoque Me fine quievit. 
 
 Qu. Divom curfus ? vel Divorunt *Teucvorum ? feu 
 Cwfus quos a divis ducebatur ? 
 
 Virg. JEn. II. 9. 
 
 "- E,' jam nox kumida ctelo 
 Pracipitat, fuadentque cadentiafidera forums. 
 
 CANTO III. IO. 
 
 Horace, Lib. I. Epift. XVI. 42. 
 
 Falfus honor juvat, et mendax infamia ferret, 
 um et mendacem? 
 
 S T A N Z.
 
 REMARKS ON* SPEXiE*. 
 S T A X Z. XX. 
 
 So Horace, Od. 23. Ub. L 
 
 / Kcbiluna veris iticrrtat 
 
 : fern sarida n&nm 
 
 El eerie ft gauha t remit. 
 
 STAXZ. XXVI. XKVII. 
 
 CALL iv. 
 
 s T A K z. xxvin. 
 
 <e His legs are pillars of niarblc, (et upon lockets 
 <rf fine gold." Sokm. Song, c. T. YCT. 19. 
 
 S T A X Z. XXIX. 
 
 CALLIM. 
 
 " Thdr places only J*&sffi? Quaere, is there 
 not the lame expreffion (bmewhere in Ehrden r in 
 his fables, I dunk; die ilory of Pabmaa and 
 
 U 4 5 T ASS.
 
 ^6 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXVIII. 
 
 Shakefpear has an exprcflion, or rather a thought, 
 fomething not \mlike this : 
 
 " By Heav'ns, methinks it were an eafy leap, 
 
 To pluck bright honour from the pale-fac'd moon." 
 
 s T A N z. XLT. 
 But eafy is the way, Sec. 
 So .En. VI. 126. 
 
 - Facilis defcenfus Averni : 
 Noftes atque dies pate t atrijanua Ditis. 
 
 CANTO IV. I. 
 
 See Cailiglio's Courtier. 
 
 s T A N z. xxx i i. 
 
 Pedibus tlmor addidlt alas. 
 
 Virg. JEn. VIII. 224. 
 
 - O 3? twta, /UTii/a? ttpofloe, 
 
 CALL i M. 
 
 CANTO v. 27 
 
 Acrafia is plainly borrowed from Circe ; and her 
 power and influence are the lame. 
 
 Virg.
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 297 
 
 Virg. JEa. VII. i. 
 
 Ulnc exaudiri gftiitus ir<eque famum 
 
 Jlncla recufantttm^ et ferd fub noFle rudtnfrm r 
 
 Setigerique flies t atquinpr<efepi>us 
 
 S<evirCy ac form<e magnoi'um ukilare hporttm: 
 
 bomiiatm ex fmu deaf*\:a potcntibus barbis 
 Induerat Circe in wit us at tcrgafcramm+ 
 
 Which is only imitated from the Odyfiey, Ub. X. 
 212. 
 
 \ Si pi* X'vxoi r,f3.t MflTVM r' Je 
 
 -'. ; r, IT 
 
 v. 239 
 
 *Oi & 
 
 Kai r^ar Jf wf * u- 
 
 Horace plainly gives us his opinion of Circe"; 
 that all this allegory meant no more than the efife&s 
 of pleafure and debauchery : and true it is, men 
 who wallow in fcenes of that fort are little better 
 than the beafts whom the Poets defcribe. 
 
 - Circes pocula ncfti ; 
 &efi cumfocilsjiidtus cupidufque b. 
 Sub domina meretrice feijet turpis et cxtors : 
 Vixljfet cams immundus, vel arnica luto fos. 
 
 Hor. Lib. I. Ep. II. 23. 
 
 U I had not read the twelfth Canto, \vhen I ob- 
 ferved of Acrafia, that it was the (lory of Circe: 
 
 There
 
 298 .REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 There the whole matter is plain. In the feventieth 
 llanza of that canto, there is delightful mufic, as 
 in Circe's bower. 
 
 Dives inacccjjbs ubi Solis filia IKCOS 
 AJJiduo refonat cantu, &c. 
 
 Virg. yKn. VII. u. 
 
 ,, &c. 
 
 Odyff. K. 222, 
 
 And the transforming of the beafts into men by 
 the Palmer's wand, Stanz. 76. is taken from the 
 Odyiley, as above. 
 
 STANZ. XXXV. 
 
 This manner of upbraiding is very common in 
 Homer. Hector upbraids Paris twice in the fame 
 way. 11. L. III. 39. VI. 325. /Eneas fpeaks 
 thus to Pandarus, Lib. V. 170. Sarpedon to Hec- 
 tor, V. 470. And in Virgil, JEn. V. 389, Aceflcs 
 farcaftically reproaches Entellus : 
 
 - Heroum quondam forttffime, fnfjtra t 
 fan fane taw pattens nullo cer famine tolli 
 Dona fines ? ubi nunc nobis Deits illc, magijler 
 Nequicquam memoratus Eryx ? ubi fama per Qtnneni 
 Trinacriam, etjpolia ilia tuis pendent ia teflis ? 
 
 The defcription of Paris in Horace is a little 
 like the cafe of Gymockles.
 
 a cAremfmu 
 Tamo, tern, Jams a&dtms 
 
 Uh. L Od. XT. 
 
 S T A X Z. XZZTI. 
 
 TLou woaamfli wok knight! 
 O vert fttjgutj ueff HUM Pffrrges' 
 
 Tirg. JEla. DL 617. 
 
 From Homcr*s 
 
 s T A K z. xaucvir. 
 
 firrfu *gn*ti& Qnfts. Yirg. Ja. III. 331. Agjt* 
 tan c^ pcrterrcn fbnaram tzdis aidentibus. 
 
 c A s TO IT. i. 
 SccMartuL 277. 
 
 ST A 3T Z.
 
 300 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. XV. XVI. 
 
 Tbcfe are plainly from Scripture, which Thorn- 
 ion alfo has imitated, in his Cafile of Indolence^ St. x. 
 They neither plough, nor fow, nor fit for flail, 
 E'er to the barn the nodding fheaves they drove, &c. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxn. 
 
 Jupiter ut Celtum y [vel Cbalybuv] omne genus pereat ! 
 Et qul princip lofub terr<e qu<erere -vends 
 Irtjlitit) ac fern fr anger e duritiem. 
 
 COMA BERENICES, v. 48. 
 Horace, Lib. II. Sat. I. 43. 
 
 Jupiter > ut pereat pofitum rubiglne telum ! 
 See alfo Fairy Queen, B. I. C. vu. St. 13. 
 
 s T A N z. xxxi\v 
 " Another war, &c." 
 . So Mufaeus, Hero et Leand. 197. 
 
 uiof 
 
 Horace, Lib. I. Od. vi. 17. 
 
 Nos convivia. nospralia virginum, &?r. 
 
 S T A N Z. XLVI. 
 
 This feems to allude to the ftory of Hero 'and 
 Leander, which Atin's leaping into the lake might 
 
 poflibly
 
 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 30! 
 
 poffibly recall to die Poet's mind. Leander tells 
 Hero, 1. 205. 
 
 T38u*a Sas, ^e'ota, T; 
 
 And the Poet fays, 1. 300. 
 
 1 $,-. 7.7. .xVrrr. 
 
 V,: 
 
 CANTO VII. 2. 
 
 Onmis enw. 
 :.vf, yjwj, ^ttfj, Ji"y/j kumanaque, pulcbm 
 
 ::is parent : quas qui coHfimxfrity tile 
 Clans frit, fort is, Juftus etiaiK, ft Rex> 
 El quidquid volet. Hor. Lib. II. Sat. III. 94. 
 
 Prffens vel into tolkre de gradit 
 
 Mortak corpus, velfuperbos 
 
 Vfrtcre funci'ibus triumpbos. Lib. I. Od. 35. 2. 
 
 Ncmpe dat Id caicunque Efftt Fortmta, rapitqxc ; 
 Irus ft ejlfubito, qtn modo Crarfus erat. Ovid. 
 
 For the folk ~zas, See Horace's firil 
 
 latire. 
 
 S T A N Z. XXXVI. 
 
 The laft line of Callimachus, Hynn /, 
 quite fimilar; 
 
 '*/, 
 
 S T A K Z.
 
 3O2 REMARKS ON SPENSER* 
 
 S T A N Z. XLVI. 
 
 This ftory of the Chain is evidently taken from 
 Homer II. 0. 25. 
 
 CANTO VIII. 14. 
 
 See Martial, 255. 
 
 CANTO ix. 4. 
 " The Flower of Grace," &c. 
 
 This manner of expreflion I imagine came frorn 
 Pindar, who very frequently ufes the word owrof, 
 to denote any fuperior excellence : Thus, 
 
 Olymp. I. v. 23. Mwixoif n W'TW. Olymp. II. 
 
 V. 13. Uotlipuv awTov. Ol. III. V. 6. "lirrrM awrof. 
 
 Ol. V. 2. 27(pa*w *TW * and in numbeiicfs other 
 places. 
 
 S T A N 2. XXXV. 
 
 The ladies here are reprefented diverting them- 
 felves in a manner, that might perhaps give Milton 
 the hint of employing the fallen fpirits, as in Par. 
 Loft", B. II. 521, &c. Or, it might be, both came 
 from Virg. JEn. VI. 644. 
 
 Pars pedilnis plaudunt Cf:oi^as t et Camilla dicHt> &c. 
 
 CANTO
 
 :x 
 
 CAST O X. 
 
 Spcnier introduces his dialogue with fotnfriiing 
 ef the fame pomp as Hocncr, D. B. 4$?, 
 
 0T & p fe. ^ >*OT, - * OB-T* S, 
 
 S T A M Z. T, TI. 
 
 This ddcriprioa of die Ifland is not unlike dot 
 trhich Cillimachis g^TCs of Ddos : See Hymn to 
 Delos, 
 
 S T A 5f Z. IX. 
 
 " Driven by fed error," vfli be deariy under- 
 food by Virgo's 
 
 S T A K Z. XIII 
 
 &t enjoyed that Meffing, which Caffimarhia 
 deCbibes as the reward of pkiy . 
 
 en v*p* 
 
 S T A X Z. T. 
 
 .: :;: jr": :: :- 
 
 iBTatoa of the Gauls. Hymn to Deios, TCT. 172 
 
 I T A L .
 
 3-4 RJEMARX3 ON SPENSER* 
 
 S T A N" Z. LVI. 
 
 The boaft at the end of this Stanza is like that 
 of Cato, in Lucan, Lib. IL 286. 
 
 A y T o xi. 1 3. 
 
 This fimile is taken from a beautiful one in 
 Homer, I!. E. 87, &c. and in Virg. .En. 
 
 II. 305, &c. 
 
 5 montano jbtmlne tarrcni 
 
 Sffrnit agrcs, ft emit fata Lcta, boitmque labores, 
 Pr*cipitcfque trahlt jykas ; Jltepef infcita alto 
 Jkcrfiau fmtttmfui de vcrtke P 
 
 See likewife ^En XII. -' 2> 
 
 S T A S Z. XXXH. 
 
 " Lake as a 6re, the which in hollow cave," &c. 
 
 
 
 K'I ftgrtlm pingui prlmum j>-v cor t ice te^Ks 
 Rofara c&mprexdit, frwuUfquc altos 
 
 .tern Calo fotdtum de:. 
 
 Per rttmos victor, jerque alta c^ :at, 
 
 Et I . .it flammis AVwj, ft ;:':' atram 
 
 A; 
 
 :i. 303. 
 
 CANTO
 
 REMARKS OK SPENSER. 305 
 
 CANTO XII. 39, 41. 
 
 -cury's rod is defcribed by Horace in the fame 
 manner as here. 
 
 Tu pias Let is mi mas repaid* 
 Se&bus ; Virgdtjtu levem coerces 
 Aurea turbam, fttperis Deormm 
 
 Gratus, et imis. Lib. I. Od. x. 17. 
 
 fie pofes Tigres comtefque Sjfoas 
 Ducfre, et rivos celeres morarl. 
 Ceffit immanls tiki blanenti 
 
 Janitor aid* 
 Cerberxs, &c. Lib. HI. Od. xi. 13. 
 
 STAN z. :: 
 
 The manner of expreffion in the beginning of 
 this Stanza has great beauty; and is borrowed 
 from the Greeks, who ufe the fame very commonly. 
 Thus, particularly, Theocritus in his firfl Wyllium, 
 fpeaking of the old fifherman graven on the cup, 
 fays, l. 4 i. 
 
 *jUM7l TO JUtflifil tutfi KfXU; ' 
 
 ! oirw &iof bJjo* 
 
 At ff it Mpunli Ttxr &;%&* waamAn mf, 
 tiff 
 
 S T A K Z,
 
 306 REMARKS ON SPENSER. 
 
 S T A N Z. LXIV. 
 
 Thomfon has a beautiful pafiage like this in his 
 Seafons. Summer, v. 1311, &c. 
 
 S T A N Z. LXXIV. 
 
 See Ariofto, P. III. There is a pretty poem 
 in Bourne, called, if I remember right, 'T/ce 
 Wreath; where this thought is well exprefied : 
 
 " And, as you fade, 
 Remind the maid, 
 .That years, like days, muft end.'* 
 
 K '. M ARKS
 
 < 3=7 ) 
 
 REMARKS 
 
 MILTON. 
 
 THAT I may not pafs abruptly from Spenfer to 
 i, I fay, purely for the fake of introduction 
 and connection, 
 
 That Milton, the favourite poet of this nation, 
 has been, and I fuppofe will be, the fubject of 
 ?, duTertations, notes, See. 
 
 That I have a mind to thruft myfelf in amongft 
 thofe, who have laboured on this celebrated author; 
 ut 
 
 Me qucque principibus pcrmixtum : 
 
 That I (hall offer a few remarks upon him ; and 
 ib take a final leave of the Englifh poe: 
 
 * It appears bow-rrr, tbat he did not fo ciofely keep to bi 
 
 purpofc as here intended. The profped of a new and valuable 
 
 X > ofitioii
 
 308 REMARKS ON MILTON, 
 
 I. 
 PARADISE LOST. 
 
 BOOK I. 199. 
 
 or Typhon, whom the den 
 
 By ancient Taffus held. 
 
 tfyphon is the fame with Typboeus. That the den 
 of Typhoeus was in Cilicia, of which Tarfus was 
 a celebrated city, we are told by Pindar and 
 Pomponius Mela. I am much miftaken, if Milton 
 did not make ufe of Farnaby's note on Oyid, 
 Me.. V. 347. to which I refer the reader. He 
 took antient Tarfus perhaps from Nonnus : 
 
 which is quoted in Lloyd's Dictionary. 
 
 v. 276. 
 
 --- on the perilous edge 
 Of battle, &c. 
 
 edition of our great Epick Bard again called forth his critical at- 
 tention ; and hence, from his friend Dr. Newton's publication of 
 Milton, we have been enabled to make fome confiderable addition to 
 cur Author's Remarks; refuming Inch only for this work, as were 
 found there inserted under the nameJoRTiN. For Dr. Newton's 
 Teftimonies, as taken from his two prefaces to the poems of Milton, 
 See \hsAdvertifement prefixed to this volume. 
 
 Perhaps
 
 REMARKS ON MILT ;;> 
 
 Perhaps he had in mind Virgil, JEn. IX. 528. 
 r w<m /aggrfcr oras cotfaittbela* 
 
 B.II. 684- 
 
 Through them I nyan to pals, 
 That be affur'd, without leave alk'd of thee. 
 
 See in page 166. the remark on Spenier, 
 B. HI. Cant. IT. Sc. 15. 
 
 B. IV. 716. 
 
 rhen to th" onwifcr fin 
 
 Of Japhet brought by Hermes 
 
 The epithet mmmftr does not imply that his 
 brother Prometheus was uawife. Milton ufes 
 MKifer, as an j Latin writer would imfntAemtivr^ 
 for " not ib wile as he mould hare been." So 
 
 &c. 
 
 mean " bolder, &c. fum for e$; more than is 
 
 rgz: ir.d : ;" ir. 
 
 (Tf. in the PofifiTe degree. 
 
 Dizlcs the crowd, and fets them all agape.
 
 310 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 Virgil, Georg. II. 463. 
 
 Nee varios inhiant pulchra teftudine poftes. 
 
 v. 689. 
 
 The quarters of the north. 
 Sannazarius, de Partu Virginis, III. 40. 
 
 Vos 9 quum omne arderet Ccelum fervilibus armis, 
 jirftoumque furor fertenderet ifnpius axem 
 Scandere, et in gelidos regnum transferre Triones, 
 Fida manus mecum manfijtis. 
 
 There are other paflages in the fame poem, of 
 which Milton has made ufe. 
 
 B. VI. 552. 
 
 in hollow Cube 
 
 Training his clevilifh enginry. 
 
 I knew one, who ufed to think it fhould be 
 hollow Tube: To which it may be objeded, that 
 Enginry, (Machine,) are the hollow Tubes, or 
 Guns, themfelves. 
 
 B. VII. 173. 
 and what I will, is Fate. 
 
 Statius
 
 REMARKS ON MILT 31 I 
 
 Staliiis, Theb. I. 212. 
 
 grave ft imrnutabile fanftis 
 Ptndus adejt vcrbis^ et secern Fata ftquuntttr. 
 
 B. VIII. 2. 
 
 So charming left bis voice, that he a while 
 Thought him ftiH fpeaking; ftill flood fix'd to hear. 
 
 Imitated probably from Apollonius, I. 512. 
 See before, Remarks o Spenfcr, Page 1 84. The 
 Thought was originally Homer's. Iliad. B. 40. 
 
 SB'* ii au^^-jT c'-t 
 
 divtna autaa tpfxm draonfufe erat vox. 
 Luciaa, Somn. Eli ya it 
 
 ' and Socrates, in Plato's Crito; Ki a */* 
 
 fH T0UTW TW 
 
 B. IX. 312. 
 
 while Shame, thou looking on, &c. 
 
 :>n often ufes the Nominative cafe ablblute, 
 as the Greeks do j which, whether it houid be 
 called a cafe abfolute, or an diqfis, we leave to the 
 Grammarians to determine. 
 
 X 4 B. X.
 
 312 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 B. X. 304. 
 
 From hence a pafiage, broad, 
 Smooth, eafy, inoffenfive down to hell. 
 
 Alluding perhaps to Virgil, JEn. VI. 126. 
 Facilis dsfcenfus dverfti: or, to the Paths of Wick- 
 ednefs, as in Hefiod, Efy. I. 285. 
 
 x) I\KOV lrf lAf 
 
 v- 655. 
 
 from the fouth to bring 
 Solftitial fummer's heat. 
 
 The ancient Poets reprefent the fouth as the 
 region of heat. 
 
 Statius, Theb. I. 160. 
 
 - aut Bored gelidas, madidive tepentes 
 Igne Noti* 
 
 Lucan, I. 54. very extravagantly ; 
 
 Nee pclus avcrfi calidus qua vergitxr Auftri. 
 
 v. 1007. 
 
 She ended here 
 
 .. fo much of death her thoughts 
 Had entertain 'd, as dy'd her cheeks with pale. 
 
 Virgil,
 
 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 Virgil, JEn. iV. 499. 
 
 effat^ filet : PalkrfimuL eccupat era. 
 
 B.XI. 564. 
 
 In other part ftood one, vrho at the forge 
 Lab'ring, two maffy clods of iron and brafs 
 Had melted, (whether found where cafual fire 
 Had wafted woods, on mountain or in vale, 
 Down to the veins of earth ; thence gliding hot, Sec. 
 
 From Lucretius, V. 1240. 
 
 Qucdfufcreft, *s aique aurum, 6?r. 
 See hereafter, in Vol. II. Remarks on Lucretius. 
 
 II. 
 
 PARADISE REGAINED. 
 
 PHELIMIXARY OBSER.VATI03T. 
 
 This Poem of Milton has not met with the ap- 
 probation that it deferves. It has not the harmony 
 of numbers, the fublimity of thought, and the 
 beauties of diction, which are in Paradife Loft. It 
 is compofed in a lower and leis.Itriking ftyle, a 
 ilyle iuited to the fubjeft. Artful fophiftry, falfe 
 reafoning, fei off in the mofl fpecious manner, and 
 
 refuted
 
 314 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 refuted by the Son of God with ftrdng unaffected 
 
 eloquence, is the peculiar excellence of this Poem. 
 
 Satan here defends a bad caufe with great ikill 
 
 and fubtilty, as one thoroughly verfed in that Craft, 
 
 Qui facer e affuerat 
 
 Candida de mgris, et de candetitibus atra. 
 
 Ovid, Met. XI. 314. 
 
 His character is well drawn. In his fpeeches we 
 may obferve the following Particulars. 
 
 I. His pretended franknefs and ingenuity ^ in. 
 confeffing who he was, when he found he was dif- 
 covered : B. I. 358. 
 
 'Tis true, I am that Spirit unfortunate, 
 
 Who, leagu'd with millions more in ram revolt, 
 
 Kept not my happy ftation. 
 
 II. His plea for himfelf, that he was not a crea- 
 ture quite loft to all good : B. I. 377. 
 
 For what he bids I do : though I have loft 
 Much luftre of my native brightnefs, loft 
 To be belov'd of God ; 1 have not loft 
 To love, at leafi contemplate and admire, 
 What I fee excellent in good, or fair, 
 Or virtuous ; I mould fo have loft all fenfe. 
 
 III. His ingenious, moving, and humble apology 
 for lying and fluiffling; B. I. 468. 
 
 Sharply thou haft infifted on rebuke, 
 
 And urg'd me hard with doings, which not Will 
 
 But mifery hath wrefted from me. Where 
 
 Eafily
 
 ON MltT 
 
 Eafily canft thoo find one miferable, 
 And DOC infercM oit-nmes to pan from moth, 
 If it may Hand him more in {lead to lie, 
 Sir, and udky, feign, flatter, or abjure? 
 But thou ait piac'd above me, thou an Lard; 
 
 -mthee I can, and moft, fubmMs eodure 
 Check or reproof, and gbd c* eicape fo quk. 
 
 -.n are the ways of trait, and rough to walk; 
 T. :::.. :~ :;.,- :;~;_: i. .;:_.;.:. -.:i." ::; :. 
 
 th'ear, 
 And tuneable as G 5 van pipe or feng, &c. 
 
 nonofhisown 
 rd ffcate. Chrift %s to him, B. IIL 198, &C- 
 
 But what cDDcercs k thee, when I begin 
 rlaftmg kingdom * why art tfaoa 
 
 Kncrv^l dioa not that my fifing is thy faQ, 
 And my promotion will be thy definxHon > 
 
 To whom the Tempter, inly rack'd, 
 Let that COOK when k comer; all hope is loft 
 Of my reception into grace ; what worie r 
 For where DO hope is left, is left no fear; 
 
 :aere be woiie, the expectation more 
 
 I would be at the trorft : worft is aiy port, 
 
 The end I wouki attain, my final good. 
 
 * VI.
 
 Jl REMARKS ON MILTON; 
 
 VI. His artful flattery to Chrift, B. III. 214; 
 I mall, feys he, be punifh'd, 
 
 Whether thou 
 
 Reign or reigri not ; though to that gentle brow- 
 Willingly I could fliej and .hope thy reign 
 (From that placid afpedr. and meek regard,) 
 Rather than aggravate rriy evil ftate, 
 Would (land between me and thy Father's ire, 
 Whole ire I dread more than the fire of Hell ; 
 A flicker, and a kind of (hading cool 
 Interpofition, as a fummer's cloud. 
 
 Ifaiah, xviii. 4. Like a cloud of dew in the heat of 
 barveft. xxv. 4. Ajhadow from the heat, xxxii. 
 2. As the Jhadow of a great rock in a weary land. 
 
 VII. His fubmiffive an^l cunning reply, taught 
 him by his fear, after he had endeavoured to per- 
 fuade Chrift to worfliip him, and had received a 
 fevere reprimand : JB. IV. 196. 
 
 Be not fo fore offended, Son of God, 
 : Though fons of God both angels are and men, 
 If 1} to try whether in higher fort 
 Than thefe thou bear'ft that title, have propos'd 
 What both from men and Angels I receive, 
 Tetrarchs of fire, air, flood, add on the earth 
 Nations befides., from all the quarter'd winds, 
 God of this world invok*d, and world beneath. 
 Who then thou art, whofe coming is foretold 
 To me fo fatal, me it molt concerns. 
 
 The
 
 REMARKS ON MILTON. 317 
 
 The tryal hath endamag'd thee DO way, 
 Rather more honour left, and more eileem ; 
 r.ought advantag'd, miffing what I aim'd. 
 
 REMARKS 
 
 PARADISE REGAINED. 
 
 BOOK I. 175. 
 
 BUT to vanquife by wifdom hellifh wiles. 
 
 Milton lays the accent on the laft fyllable of 
 
 v&iquijb here, as ellewhere in triumph: and in 
 
 many places, in my opinion, he imitates the Latin 
 
 and Greek profody, and makes a vowel long before 
 
 .nfonants. 
 
 v. 201. 
 
 r.en I was yet a chiI3, no childKh r 
 To me was pleafing : 
 
 Ifikoa
 
 318 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 Milton feems to allude to Callimachus, who fays 
 elegantly of young Jupiter. } Hymn in Jov. 56. 
 
 AXA* Ti sraJoj ram {ppacr<rao 
 
 Swift was thy growth, and early wns thy bloom; 
 But earlier wifdom crown'd thy infant days. 
 
 v. 222. 
 
 By winning words to conquer willing hearts. 
 Virgil, Georg. IV. 56 r. 
 
 ftSorque volentes 
 
 . Per poptdos diit jura. 
 
 Which cxpreffion of Virgil's, by the way, feems to 
 be taken from Xenophon, Oeconom. XXI. 12. 
 
 Ou yy.o ITKVV fj.01. Jpxs* oAoy Ti/I* TO oCyuSm avdptflnvw tivcn^ 
 AA SIM, TO f^eAcilwa ac^av. ~I couid add other 
 paffages of Xenophon, which Virgil has manifcilly 
 copied. 
 
 Thefe growing thoughts my mother foon perceiving, 
 Py words at times cull forth, inly rejoic'd. 
 
 Virgil, JEn. I. 502. 
 
 Latent tiU'l. v n perk ,i'.j.nt gaud'ui peflas. 
 
 v. 307. 
 
 Or harbour'd in one cave. 
 Read, "feme cave."
 
 ON iHLTON. 
 
 T -3 
 
 To draw the proud King Ahab into fraud. 
 That is, into milchief ; as Jfczzj fomciimes means 
 in Latin. See Par. Loft, IX. 643. 
 
 v- 3 8 5> 397- 
 5i--~ i" .: :r C :..--.:. 
 Men generally think me modi a foe 
 
 To all mankind : whyfhouldl? 
 
 Envy, they iky, excites me; thus to gain 
 Companions of my mifcry and wo. 
 At fail, it may be; but, long fince, with wo 
 Nearer acquainted, now I feel by proof, 
 That fellowihip in pain divides not imuty 
 
 I think it will not be cavilling to fey, that "tub 
 MAN 's pfnbar faf ibould not be pat in the mouth 
 of Satan; who was no mam\ who had conleflcd to 
 Chriftthat he was the unfortunate Arch-Fiend; 
 and who fpeaks of himfelf. If Milton had been 
 aware of it, he would have corrected it thus : 
 
 Nor lightens angfrr each oaf's pecoliar load. 
 
 Or in (brae other manner. Befides, the word mam 
 is repeated here too oftm. 
 
 Nor lightens ought each muafs peculiar load. 
 Small confolatioo then, were max adjoin'd : 
 This woocds me moft (what can k lefs?) that mum. 
 Mm fidl'n (hall be reilor'd, / crvcr moire.
 
 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 v. 424. 
 Chrift demands of Satan, 
 
 What but thy malide mov'd thee to mifdeem 
 Of righteous Job, then cruelly to afflict him 
 With all inflictions, but his patience won ? 
 
 So Edit. 1671. and 1713. Diflinguim thus ; 
 With all inflictions? but his patience won. 
 
 v- 455> 
 
 No more malt thou by oracling abufe 
 
 The Gentiles ; henceforth oracles are ceas'd, Sec. 
 
 I would not cenfure Milton for mentioning the 
 iilence of Oracles at our Saviour's appearing in the 
 world, both here and in his elegant Hymn on 
 Chrift's Nativity ; becaufe, it adorns the poems, 
 though it be a vulgar error. 
 
 B. II. 56. 
 
 Mock us with his bleft fight, then match him hence, 
 Virgil, yn. I. 407. 
 
 Falfu 
 
 Ludh imagimbui ? 
 
 JEn. VI. 869. 
 
 Oftendent f err is bunc tantumfdta, neque ultra 
 Effifment. 
 
 v - 355-
 
 JtEMARKS ON MILT 32! 
 
 * 355- 
 
 Naiades. 
 
 Milton is not to be blamed for writing, as others 
 did in his time. But, fince the criticks have deter- 
 mined to write NaitUs, in three fyllables, or \aitdrs 
 in four, it is time for the Englith Poets to call the 
 Nymphs Nalds, and not Naiads. 
 
 B. III. 21, &c. 
 Satan fays to Chrift : 
 
 Thefe Godlike virtues, wherefore dpft thou hide, 
 Affecting private life ? wherefore deprive 
 All earth her wonder at thy afts? thyfelf 
 The fame and glory, glory, the reward 
 That fole excites to high attempts the flame 
 Of mod erefted fpirits ? 
 
 To whom oiir Saviour calmly thus reply'd : 
 
 What is glory, but the blaze of fame, 
 
 The people's praife, if always praife unmix't ? 
 
 And what the people, but a herd confus'd, 
 
 A mifcellaneous rabble, who extol 
 
 Things vulgar, and well weigh'd fcarce worth the 
 
 praife ? 
 
 They praife, and they admire, they know not what, 
 And know not whom, but as one leads the other : 
 And what delight, to be by fuch extoli'd > 
 To live upon their tongues, and be their talk, 
 
 Y Of
 
 REMARKS ON MILTOtf. 
 
 Of whom to be difpra-is'd were no fmali praife * 
 His lot, who dares be fingularly good. 
 Th' intelligent among them, and the wife, 
 Are few, and glory fcarce of few is rais'd. 
 
 This paffage deferves attention. The love of 
 glory is a paflion deeply rooted in us and with 
 difficulty kept under. Tw xei/oJb^'av, ue TeXtvlouw 
 %\\uvot., >I Y^X? Ty'tfyww Vo1j'3'fSt, fays Plato. 
 Helvidins Pnfcus, as Tacitus relates, was poiTefled 
 of all the virtues which make a great and a good 
 man. He was a Stoic into the bargain ; and there- 
 fore bound, by the principles of his philofophy, to 
 fet a fmall value upon the ra x ty V[MV' And yet, erant 
 qulbus appetentior fam<e videretur : quando etlani faplen- 
 tlbus cupido gloria novtflima exuitur. Hift. IV. 5. As 
 at Rome, and in Greece, a fpear, a crown of oak or 
 laurel, a ftatue, a public commendation, was efteem- 
 cd an ample recompenfe for many brave actions ; 
 fo it is as true, that not a few of their great men 
 were over-fond of fame, and meer flaves to the love 
 of it. 
 
 Let us fee what the Philofophers have faid con- 
 cerning a greedy defire of glory, fuch a defire of it, 
 as leads men to make it the ruling principle of 
 their actions ; and incites them to do well, only, or 
 ehiefly, in order to be admired. We mail find 
 them condemning it, and faying things agreeable 
 enough to what Milton puts into- the mouth of our 
 Saviour. 
 
 lllud
 
 REMARKS ON MILT : 1 . 
 
 Wmlamtem te mdmnta^ ne tenon acre, yd XCM 
 fnJKcrt*fcd cnfrid vobnt* fmdes *%**. Seneca, 
 EpifLV. 
 
 m virtttem Jm*m fmWciri nil, *m virtuti lafo* 
 rat, fcdgbn*. Nmis t/t j*ft*sjive gbria. Jt 9 
 mekrndes, fr j^ms & MM cum mfmm*, a 
 ***c, Jiftpi:, mala ffpm* base pert* dekOtt. Idem, 
 
 Epift. cxni. 
 
 CavenJ* tjtglffriz apu&as, is a teflon delivered 
 by one, who in that particular did DOC pradife what 
 he taughr. De Officiis : I. 
 
 Las amorc tmma ? faa crrta flooda* tjpue te 
 Yer pur: ic3o fotennt recreere EScQo. 
 
 Horace, EpiflL 1. 1. 36. 
 
 Cicero, Tufc. Difp. V. jd. open which Dr. 
 Dairies remarks, " EgrtgoM hoc mnamm Sacrtti 
 fd J&u&m, i* aaduKm jvpri 
 itacxdtacit: \3 Wfa^pnTc ( 
 
 -, -I !>:*ux ^T-JH oJ-ni. *^.-ii'^-- : rl 
 MA0 ; ZMK^TV, *TI h^*^ a 
 
 ^ p^ i O>; 
 el TV KPLfiow uasaatotj , 1C - - ', O" * V *S- 
 
 UCM at IYTM &MOU ; 35 a ri jt*T a 
 r TW i&gwjj^w.- 
 
 Epioetus, Eochir. XL V. Uys, I v^7* 
 
 Y2
 
 324 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 TSTtj l* f JJ3 Xci, Ku T 
 
 proficientis funt : Neminem vituperate neminem 
 de nemlne queritur, neminem incufat ; nibil de 
 feipfo dicit, Et Jl quis ipfuni laudet, ridet laudantem 
 ipfe fecuffi ; etfi vltuperet, non fe pur gat. 
 
 Idem, apud Stobseum : 
 
 (Pi\vjo&, x, (piAo^!^, *} 
 
 (piAexaA^. Nemo pecuni<e amans, et voluptatis, et 
 
 gloria ) fimul homines amat\ fed folus honejii amans. 
 
 So Plato, De Rep. I. fays, that a fondnefs of 
 glory is as mean a vice as a fondnefs of money. 
 Many fuch like paflages might be added, particu- 
 larly from Marcus Aurelius, and other Stoical 
 Writers. The Stoics, though they refufed to give 
 fame and glory a place amongft good things, yet, 
 I think, did not flight the efteem of good men: 
 they diftinguifhed between gloria and claritas. Thus 
 Seneca, Epift. CII. Gloria tmdtorum judiciis conjlat, 
 claritas bonorum. - [Sed claritas] poteji unius borii 
 viri jndicio ejjc con tent a. 
 
 I cannot forbear inferting here a paflage from 
 Seneca, which I believe will pleafe the reader as 
 much as it does me. It relates to that fond Hope, 
 which we Writers, good, bad, and indifferent, 
 are apt to entertain, that our name and labours ihall 
 be immortal-, and it tells us, as elegantly as truly, 
 what we have to expect. Profunda fupra nos alfitudo 
 
 tempom
 
 iEMARKS ON 3*11,7, 325 
 
 :p*Ka itgfriacapfttxjirf*!-, eta idem 
 tornado j*e Jftfmtom aktmra Mourn re/!fl.fxf, acjfm 
 vaahot. Epift. XXI. Wee:: Time 
 
 fbouid take the charge of our writings, and deliver 
 them fafe to the kreft pofterity : bur, he is as fcrl y 
 and whimfical as Charon : JEneid, 
 
 Simwct oraties /ran tramfmttere cmfam^ 
 
 ', / '.'..'.'.' '.'''.: ''-..".'..'. ''.is. ' ,.";'; .' . ." " :; { , 
 
 Jfsxiteffi Srsfis mac bes 9 wac aaxfit iSos ; 
 
 Jtf aEea Ing* fsmrnetos m 'at artm*. 
 
 If we have ihe mortification to fee par works die 
 before, us, we may comfort ouHeiTes with the 
 confidenrion, which Seneca fuggefh to us, That a 
 time will come, when the mottr ciccMcm aid ad- 
 mired compoaons (hall peril:.. N : - ;s the coo- 
 iblation much (mailer, which oSeis kfelf to us, 
 v. .-.;.-. v = l>:k -i:k. i~d :c.-^.:e: r : v .1-7 ::- 
 a^:h:--ri :iic:e ~-tii: r;c-> haj bc-:~. c: hpn] ro 
 memorial is left ; and how many, of whom nothing 
 but the bare name iuonrives ; and how many books 
 are extant indeed, but never read. 
 Afar t& bac terimaz, Baratlro, a campfz yurda. 
 Lantsxafs ocmSs ristm fanu Ami? riEqmit, 
 
 Lucretius, 1IL ver. 967, 1038. 
 
 To thefe motives of contentment under iuch cir* 
 
 cmnfiances, I need not add, what every neglected 
 
 author %* to himfeif, That the age he Eves in has 
 
 iio t; 
 
 3 v. 124-
 
 326 REMARKS ON MILTON, 
 
 v. 124. 
 
 God made all things, chiefly, 
 -. To fhew forth his goodnefs, and impart 
 His good communicable to every foul 
 Freely; of whom what could he lefs expect 
 Than glory and benediction, that is, thanks; 
 The flighteft, eafieft, readieft recompenfe 
 From them, who could return him nothing elfe, 
 , And not returning what would likdiejl render 
 Contempt inftead, difhonour, obloquy ? 
 Hard recompenfe ! unfuitable return 
 For fo much good, fo much beneficence ! 
 
 So in Edit. 1713. In Edit. 1671 it is 
 And not returning that would likeliefl render. 
 
 Read, 
 And not returning that, would likeliefl render. 
 
 v. 288. 
 
 There Sufa by Choafpes, amber flream, 
 The drink of none but kings. 
 
 I am afraid Milton is miftaken here. That the 
 Kings of Perfia drank no water, but that of the 
 river Ckoafpes, is well known to have been afierted 
 by many antient writers : but that none but Kingj 
 drank of it, is what I believe cannot be proved ; 
 tnd if we examine ic as an hiflorical probkm, whe- 
 ther
 
 $ ON MiLTOX. 527 
 
 ACT the kings of Perfa alone drank of Choalpes, 
 we (hall find great rcafoa t detenninc in d* 
 
 L We have /or this opinion die knce of mar 
 authors, by whom we ~jgtrt hare expected to-have 
 
 1-3 inc zhe fid: COG anasd, tad ice)- kn D -v n of ir? y :'^ ci: 
 cuflom. Herodotus, Scrabo, Tibuikis, Autonim, 
 Miximus - Ariiiides, Plu:: iy .the 
 
 eider, Aiheczus, Dicn?iis . _ - _ 1 _ - 
 
 fladuqs hare men: . ^j) it 
 
 die drink of die kkgs of Fcr^i, or Parthia ; or 
 hare called it Bar Ju vn^, rrrj ^a^r : but none 
 hare (aid that /**JF dome drank of it. I (ay, Cbo- 
 afpcs, or Fj^lgi 3 because ibme make them the 
 and others have counted rhrm as different 
 
 The filence of Herodotus ought ID be of great 
 *^ftt> bccacfe he is fo particular in his account of 
 the Perfian affairs; and next to his, the filence of 
 Pliny, who had read fo many audioes, is confider- 
 
 II. Though k can hardly be expected that a ne- 
 
 gative (hould be proved any other way, than from 
 
 the filence of writers ; yet, fo it happens, that 
 
 .. _ . :: his authority be admit*. -ds us 
 
 Hlii XII. 40. a fufl proof, that Choafpes 
 
 [ be drunk by the &;& t?f &t kisgs of 
 
 Y 4
 
 328 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 Tdrt aAAa tyooia, t*irtlo TU H^tf 
 
 v a , xj ?u x) ucTwc tfxoAttS'n TO T 
 
 n Ttd 
 6a<riX 
 
 V E7rtV ?W TBTO Hs 
 
 <c In the carriages which followed Xerxes, there 
 were abundance of things, which ferved only for 
 pomp and orientation : there was allb the water of 
 Ckoafpss. The army being opprefled with thirft, 
 in a defert place, and the carriages not being yet 
 come up, it was proclaimed, that if any one had of 
 the' water of Choafpes, he fhould give it Xerxes to 
 drink. One was found, who had a little, and that 
 not fweet. Xerxes drank it, and accounted him 
 xvho gave it him a benefactor, becaufe he had 
 periihed with thirft, if that little had not been 
 found." 
 
 III. Mention is made indeed by Agatbocles, of 
 a certain water, which none but Perfian kings might 
 -drink: and if any other writers mention it, they 
 take it from Agathoclcs. 
 
 We find in Athenams : A^a$oxA>tf *v Ilcfo-aic <p*ww 
 xaA/xvoi/ i'o tiva.i <?E T]O Ae^f i$Q- 
 K, p.tiJ'fva TSivtw V.TT' JIa n p,ovci/ SxriXtot KJ rov 
 ^ aJ? TWV Tff&touv ' ram Ss aXXuv fv TJf Wiw, 
 
 fr ;( ui. " Agathocles fays that there is in 
 
 Perfia
 
 TAlttS tttf MiLTO*r. 
 
 Pferfa a water, called *W*; that it cor.fiiV of 
 ilrrams; that * drink of k except the 
 and btsekkft foe; and that if any wther per- 
 foe docs, death is the ptsorflmienr- See Herodot 
 Edit. Grooor. p. 594. where this pirBgr is to be 
 
 IV. It appears not that die 
 
 Ccffl^"". 
 
 from AgadsocU . Kocacr, IL T. fx 1301. 
 
 Ed. E 
 
 * ____< ___ -<*'-^ gr - tfT . * ^TK ** if^^A^ m^.l 
 
 -^/"Wb.- 
 
 -- . 35, TS XTtSW VW, *p 
 
 " The Pcrfcunss had a wattr caHsd nx, &TC. 
 It is dowbccd whether the wsser rfCbvfar, which 
 the Perisan king drank in his expedidoos, was for- 
 bidden to all others, imder die time qapkal 
 
 :r may be granted, and it is not at all.ko- 
 
 pfobable, that EOCC befides the kiog might drink 
 
 of that water of Oboaipes, which was boiled 'and 
 
 barrelled up for bis uicin his military expeditious. 
 
 Solinos indeed, who is a frivolous vrirer, 
 
 " Choafpes &s Mas e/, f Pafd nga $sa*>- 
 x extra r?po Frjst&f**::, f&fn ex ee feod* tv- 
 
 ffZrirf* 
 
 YIL Milton,
 
 33<3 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 VII. Milton, confidercd as a poet, with whofe 
 purpofe the fabulous fuited beft, is by no means to 
 be blamed for what he has advanced ; and even the 
 authority of Solinus is fufficient to juftify him, 
 
 From his calling Choafpes te amber flream," 
 he feems to have had in view the golden water of 
 Agathocks, and of his tranfcribers. 
 
 B. IV. 15. 
 
 Or as a fwarm of flies in vintage time, 
 
 About the wine-prefs where fweet muft is pour'd, 
 
 Beat off, returns as oft with humming found ; 
 
 So Satan - 
 
 Yet gives not o'er, though defperate of fuccefs, 
 
 And his vain importunity purfues. 
 
 The comparifon is very juft, and alfo in the man- 
 ner of Homer. II. n. 641. 
 
 Ot <T atfi wr* VIX.POV op^tov, wj ors fj-v"a,i 
 SraS-jaa! w jS^OjW.tWt Tfftffyha'ysa.i; xstla. wjAXaj 
 *Xlct) Iv fla^ivr, OTE rt r yXoiy(& A'yl'ia, OSUEJ. 
 1UI offidue circa mortuum verfabantur, ut quum mufc* 
 In caula fufurrant lafte plenas ad mulftras 
 *Tempore in vernO) quando lac vafa 
 
 So likewife, II. P. 570. 
 
 Ka ol 
 
 Et
 
 REMARKS ON MILTC 
 
 Et (i mttfc* atuLacitm pc8orifat$ immijit, 
 ^r he ft cbafa crebn a corprt ivn<oo, 
 jtypetit mor&re. 
 
 Or eznbaflies from regie. : :.: ::rr.otc, 
 Ir. various habits on the Appian road, 
 Or on th 7 Emflian ; fome from fartheft 
 Svene, and where the fhadow both way falls, 
 Merc . > :ic Ifle, 
 
 -c,fjrtbfftjbiiti:. How can that be? when 
 Meroe, mentioned in tbenext line (to fay n; 
 of other places) was farther fouih. Milton knew 
 it, and thought of it too, as appears from his 
 fsying, 
 
 and where the fhadow both way falls, 
 Meroe, Nilotic ifle. 
 
 Syene being fituate under the Tropic of Cancer, 
 the (hadow falls there always one way; except at 
 the fummer Solftice, when the Sun is vertical 
 liienj at noon, the fhadow falls no v 
 
 Umbra* Kitfyuam JUEeute S\-cns. 
 
 L-jcan, II, 587. 
 
 But in Meroe the fhadow falls both ways, at 
 different times of the year; and therefore Meroe 
 muft be farther fouth than Syenc, and nearer the 
 
 To
 
 33 2 
 
 REMARKS ON MILTON", 
 
 To this I fay, that Milton had in view what he 
 had read in Pliny and other authors, that Syene 
 was the limit of the Roman Empire, and the re- 
 moteft place to the fouth that belonged to it ; and 
 to that he alludes. 
 
 Or, it may be faid, that poets have not fcruplcd 
 to give the epithets cxtremi, tdtimi, fartkeft, re- 
 motejl, to any people that lived a great way off; 
 anci that poffibly Milton intended that fartbejl 
 fouth fhould be fo applied, both to Syene and to 
 Meroe. 
 
 v. 130. 
 
 Chrift fays of Tiberius, 
 Let his tormentor Confcience find him out, 
 
 ]N/lilron had in view what Tacitus and Suetonius 
 have related of this imperial monfter. 
 
 " Tiberius, that complete pattern of wickednefs 
 and tyranny, had taken as much pains to conquer 
 thefe fears [of confcience] as any man, and had as 
 many helps and advantages towards it, from great 
 fplendor and power, gnd a perpetual -iucceffion of 
 new bufmefs, and new pleafures; and yet, as 
 great a mafter of the art of pliflimujation as ,he 
 \va?, he could not diffemble the inward fenfe of his 
 guilt, nor prevent the open eruptions of it, upon 
 very improper occafions, \Vitnefs that Lc/fer'j 
 
 \vhicli
 
 ::LTO>T. 
 
 he wrote to :e, from his impure 
 
 rctreatment at Cttprc*. Tacitus has preferved the 
 firft lines of it ; and there cannot be a livelier image 
 of a mind, filled with wild dif: ~.d defpair, 
 
 than what: : us." [Anna'.. .163. 
 
 Infigne vifum eft earum Csefaris literaruai inhiura ; 
 nam his verbis e .] " Quid fcribacn vobis, 
 
 " P. C. aut quomodo Icribam, a.. .nnico 
 
 " non fcribam hoc tempore, Dii me Deaeque pejus 
 " perdaat quam perire quotidie featio, li tcio!". 
 [Adeo facinora atque flagitia fua ipfi quoque in 
 fupplicium verterant.] That is, " What, or how, 
 at this dme, I (hall write to you, Fathers of the 
 Senate, or what indeed I fhall not vrrire to you, 
 may all the powers of heaven confound me yet 
 worle than they have already done, if I know, 
 or can imagine/' A isrvation upon it, is 
 
 well worthy of ours. " In this manner, fays he, 
 was this emperor punilhed, by a reflection on his 
 own infamous life and guilt ; nor was it in vain that 
 the greateft mafter of Wifdom (he rne:>ns Pbto y ) 
 .-d, that were the bread of t :e bid 
 
 open to our view, we ihould fee there nothing buc 
 ghaftly wounds and bcuiies ; the confciouinefs of 
 their own cruelcy, lewdneis and ill conduct, leaving 
 as deep and bloody prints on their minds, as the 
 5 of the fcourge do on the : ilave. 
 
 Tiberius (adds he) confelTed as much, whc 
 uttered thde words ; nor could his high ftation, 
 or even privacy and retirement itfelf, hinder him 
 
 DQBI
 
 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 from difcovering to all the world the inward agonies 
 and torments under whieh he laboured." Sec 
 Bilhop Atterbury's Sermons, Vol. II. Serm. IV. 
 P. 114- who refers to Hooker's excellent reflections 
 on. this paiTage of Tiberius-, (Hook. p. 367.) and 
 from whom the above is taken. 
 
 Suetonius, Tiberius. 67. 
 
 Pojiremb femet ipfe pertttfus talis ep'iflolte prindpio 
 iantum non fummam malorum. fuorum profeffits eft; 
 " Quidfcribam, &c." 
 
 Perhaps it mould be, tali. 
 
 v. 157. 
 
 Nothing will pleafe the difficult and nice. 
 Perhaps we mould read, 
 
 tbee, difficult and nice. 
 
 v. 215. 
 
 As by that early action may be judg'd, 
 When, flipping from thy mother's eye, thou went'ft 
 Alone into the temple ; there was found 
 Amongfl the graved Rabbies. 
 Rather, waft. 
 
 v. 267. 
 
 Thofe ancient, whofe refiftlefs eloquence 
 Wielded at will that fierce Democratic, 
 Shook th' Arfenal, and fulmin'd over Greece. 
 
 Alluding
 
 REMARKS OS SilLTCiS. 
 
 Alluding to what Ariftephanes hisfaki of Perkks, 
 inhis Achanmfcs, Ad.IL S 
 
 Hr ji?f, i^^WTx, gsBsnxz TV "EiAflJ*. 
 See Dr. Newton's note on the place. 
 
 v. 409. 
 
 And cither Tropic new 
 
 *Gan thunder ; and both cads of heaven, the cload? 
 From many a horrid rift abortive pour*d 
 Fierce rain, with lightning min. 
 Place the flops thus j 
 
 And either Tropic now 
 
 'Gan dixmder, and both ends of heaven. The clouds 
 From many, &c. 
 
 It thundered from both Tropics; that is, per- 
 haps, from the right, and from the left. The 
 Ancients had very different opinions concerning 
 the right and the left fide of the world. Plutarch 
 fays, that Ariilotle, Plato, and Pythagoras were 
 of opinion, that the Eaft is the right fide, and the 
 Weft the lefts but that Empcdocles held that 
 the right fide is towards the fummer Tropic, and 
 the left towards the winter Tropic. 
 
 II. 10.
 
 336 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 'AiUTrlioj o?oi7.* rx iv iuy, T 
 
 Idem, de Ilid. p. 363, 
 
 If by either Tropic be meant the right fide and the 
 left, then by both ends of heaven may be underftood, 
 before and behind. I know it may be objected, 
 that the Tropics cannot be, the one the right fide, 
 and the other the left, to thofewho are placed with- 
 out the Tropics : But I do not think that objection 
 to be very material. 
 
 I have another expofition to offer, which is 
 thus : 
 
 It thundered all along the heaven; from the 
 north Pole to the Tropic of Cancer, from thence 
 to the Tropic of Capricorn, from thence to the 
 South Pole. From Pole to Pole. The ends of 
 heaven are the Poles. This is a poetical temped ; 
 like that in Virgil, ./En. I. 94. 
 
 Intonuere poli - 
 
 " Id eft, extreme partes cteli, - a quibus totum 
 cesium contonuiffe fignifical " Servius. 
 
 v. 422. 
 
 Infernal ghofts and hellifli furies round 
 Environ 'd thce -, fome howl'd, &c. 
 This defcription is taken from a print which I 
 have feen, of the temptation of St. Anthony.
 
 1EMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 r. 5 j. 
 
 As when Earth's fon, Ar : conmM , 
 
 Small things wkh greate) in 
 With Jove's Alcides. 
 
 :: i is a place in Lybia, mentioned by Heredo- 
 IV. 158. *,-** x*f? *V V* *^*> 
 and from him by Stephacus Byzantius, who fays, 
 ~Ifor* 9 Tcr0 AI-JIK, ec o (^n^t>^ BATIW A&e;, 
 Jr'H^O' - Berkelius r . Hxjxs 
 
 itrbif qwcqiu mtminit pixdanu, Pyth. IX. ,?*' 
 read Atpticis, or ss]yi-nr 
 
 r oT,. 
 
 kcumjic Jcribit Scbduiflu : 
 
 WCVCT 'A^aT^, ^ *>jira,' 'H 
 
 j 
 
 &^c/. 
 rfert: "E 
 
 From whence we may obfe 
 
 -: in Herodotus and 
 Z
 
 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 name of a place ; in Pindar and his Scholiaft, the 
 name of a town. 
 
 That the name is Irafa in Herodotus, Hlrafa in 
 Stephanus, (though perhaps it mould be Irafa, 
 Ijj<ra, there) Iraffa in Pindar and his Scholiaft. 
 
 That the Scholiaft fays, Antzeus dwelt at Irafa ; 
 not he who wreftled with' Hercules, but one of later 
 date ; which, if true, makes againft Milton. 
 
 That he afterwards adds, that, according to 
 the opinion of fome, the Antaeus whom Hercules 
 overcame, was 'ipawro-fu?, aVo 'Ipa<r<rv : which Ber- 
 kelius takes to be the genitive cafe of TO, 'If aava, 
 though it may be a *Ij>a<r<ra. 
 
 111. 
 SAMSON A G O N I S T E S. 
 
 Verfe 53. 
 
 But what is ftrength, without a double fliare 
 Ofwifdom, &c. 
 
 Ovid, Met. XIII. 363, &c. 
 
 I'u vires fine mente geris : > 
 tu tantum Corpore prodes ; 
 Nos ammo, ^uantoqne ratem qui tem$crat t anteit 
 Remigh officium, &c. 
 
 V. 102.
 
 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 339 
 
 V. 102. 
 
 Myfelf, my fepulchre, a moving grave ! 
 
 See Note in this Vol. p. 139. Remarks OH Spenfer, 
 
 B. II. C. vni. St. 1 6. 
 
 v. 241. 
 
 ^ ,- , , 
 
 Thar fault I take not on me, but transfer 
 
 Oa Ifrael's governors, and heads of tribes. 
 
 Milton certainly intended to reproach his 
 countrymen indirectly, and as plainly as he dared, 
 with the reftoration of Charles II. which he ac- 
 counted the rejhratiou of Slavery; and with the 
 execution of the Regicides. He purfues the fame 
 fubject again, ver. 678 to 70:. I onder how 
 the licenfers of thofe days let it pafs. 
 
 v. 492. 
 
 Garrulity a fin 
 
 That Gentiles in their parables condemn 
 To their abyls and horrid pains confin'd. 
 
 Alluding to Tantalus. 
 
 v. 700. 
 In crude old age. 
 
 This " crude old age," in Virgil, and in other 
 writers, isjlrong and robuft. Thus, JLa. VI. 304. 
 
 /. />wr j fed cruda Deo vtrldifquc fsnsciu*. 
 
 Z 2 B-:
 
 340 REMARKS ON MILTOJf. 
 
 But Milton ufes crude here for premature, or 
 coming before its time ; as eryda funera in Statius, 
 Thcb. IX. 391. 
 
 quo jam nee cruda nepotis 
 Funera, nee noftri valeant perrumpere planftus ? 
 
 Old age brought on by poverty, and by fick- 
 nefs; as Hefiod fays, Efy. I. 93. 
 
 v. 726. 
 
 Yet on flie moves, now {lands, and eyes thee fix'd, 
 About t' haveljpoke ; but now, with head declin'd, Sec. 
 
 Like Ifmene, in Sophocl. Antigone, ver, 536. 
 
 K J1X11V TSTf TTUAWV Vltf 'l(TjM.71Vn. 
 
 u. xdlu Jlxxpy* il^ofAivn 
 
 v. 971. 
 
 Fame, if not double-fac'd, is double-mouthed, 
 And with contrary blaft proclaims moft deeds ; 
 On. both his wings, one black, the other white, 
 Bears greateft names in his wild aerie flight. 
 
 I think
 
 REMARKS OK MILTOX. 341 
 
 I dunk Feme has pafled for a GoUrfs cfcr finoc 
 Hefiod deified her: E*. II. 381. 
 
 MDroo makes her a Gtf; I kow DOC whj, un- 
 Ids Jrmfrm j , jn jfen? mtrimfax jaaa psn'ui- 
 fctwurm babtrt wgmma So in his LYCIDAS (imlcis 
 i: be a dfc print) he ikys, T. 19. 
 
 So may ibme gcntk Mufe 
 
 With lucky words favour my deftm'd urn; 
 
 And as be patfcs turn, 
 
 And bid fair peace be to my fable (hioud, 
 
 Where 3%f, in the mafculine, for a poet, is vay 
 bold. Perhaps the laft line ftouW be, 
 
 Bears greateft names in his w& aerie flight. 
 
 .\V bat Milton lays of Fame's bearing great names 
 on his wings, teems to be partly nom Horace, 
 Lib. D. Od. U. 7. 
 
 JBug *get * 
 
 T. 1695. 
 
 - But as an eagle 
 His doudlefs thunder bolted on their heads, 
 Z
 
 342 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 In the Ajax of Sophocles it is faid, that his ene- 
 mies, if they fa\y him appear, would be terrified, 
 like birds at the appearance of the vulture, or eagle. 
 Ver. 1 6. 
 
 'AAX' ore y'Kf <Jfl T <roi> o/xjt*' aViJpav, 
 v, olre irlnvuv tHiXoti 
 
 The Greek verfes I think are faulty; and, as I 
 remember, are corrected, not amifs, by Dawes in 
 his Mifcellanea Critic a. 
 
 IV. 
 POEMS ON SEVERAL OCCASIONS. 
 
 ON THE DEATH OF A FAIR INFANT. 
 
 s T A N z. viii. line 53. 
 Or wert thou that fweet-fmiling youth ? 
 
 A word of two fyllables is wanting, to fill up the 
 meafure of the verfe. It is eafy to find fuch a 
 word, but impoffible to determine what word 
 Milton would have inferted. He ufes Youth, in the 
 feminine gender, as the Latins fometimes ufe 
 JUVENIS-, and by this " fair youth" he probably 
 means the Goddefs Hebe, who was alfo called 
 Juvenlas, or Juvehta* 
 
 VACATION
 
 ON MILTON. 513 
 
 VACATION EX 
 
 3*. 
 " The thunderous Throne. 1 ' 
 
 Should it not be ttt fbiuienfs? 
 
 MARCHIONESS OF WINCHESTER'S EPITAPH, 
 v. 19. 
 
 He at their invoking came, 
 
 But with a fcarce well-lighted flame. 
 
 From Ovid, Met. X. 4. 
 
 JHfidt 2k fodem; Jed *ec Jbfauia verba, ' 
 
 Ncc Utos vmbmS) tecfdif attaEt omtm. 
 Fax tpoyu , tpttm tawt, terimaft fn&da frm 
 Ufaiefmt, nOofyu tmx*i/ motifas igses. 
 
 I L P N S E R O S O. 
 
 T. ICO. 
 
 Or the Tale of Troy divine, 
 s called jkraj Trey, ia Homer, IL Z. 44$. 
 
 '' IT 
 
 Z a v. i;i.
 
 344 REMARKS ON MILTON. 
 
 v. 151. 
 
 And as I wake fweet mufic breathe, &c. 
 
 This thought is taken from Shakefpear's Tempeft. 
 Aft I. Scene II. 
 
 " Where (hould this mufic be? i' th' air, or th' earth? 
 I hear it now above me." 
 
 L Y C I D A S. 
 
 v. 142. 
 Bring the rathe primrofe, that forfaken dies. 
 
 The pritnrofe, being an eariy flower, is at firft 
 very acceptable; and being a lafting flower, it 
 continues, till it is put out of countenance by thofe 
 which are more beautiful ; and fo dies, forfaken, 
 and neglected. 
 
 v. 154. 
 Whilft thee the mores, &c. 
 
 Stores is improper; and I fancy it fliould be 
 Shies ; the fhallow waters -, brevia. So Mn. I. 115. 
 
 v. 183.
 
 KEMA2.K5 ON 9HI.TOK. 345 
 
 v. ,83. 
 
 I: ';:'.;.._-::: ::"::': :.:t ~ : .": i".: -7-7 .:- 
 kal Poets arc inclined to canomze, and men to 
 invoke their friends, as faints. Sec Poem on the Fair 
 Infent, Stanz.X. 
 
 T. 193. 
 
 T 
 
 i ."-fccnrj.;. *-' ... I. 
 X^r'- ^/Sp 
 
 But it is nine to give over, aad to apply to other
 
 A 
 
 ERMON 
 
 rtEACHKD AT T H * 
 
 CONSECRATION 
 
 or T a * 
 RIGHT REVEREND FATHER IX GOD. 
 
 Z A C H A R r, 
 
 LORD BISHOP OF B A X C O R, 
 
 Is KENSINGTON CHURCH, 
 
 O N 
 
 S U N D A V, FEBRUARY u, 747 
 
 Jtr of bis Grace ibt Lcrd Arcbbijbcp efCmttrbvrj.
 
 C 349 3 
 
 RIGHT REVEREKD FATHER I !f GOD, 
 
 Z A C H A R Y, 
 
 LORD BISHOP OF BAN'GOR. 
 M T LORD, 
 
 Ira ferious endeavour to difchargc 
 the duty of a Preacher, and a defire to appear 
 not unworthy of your choice and regard, could 
 have fupplied all that the Occafion required, I 
 might without diffidence have offered this Dif- 
 courfe to your Lordihip, and to the Public, Bur, 
 whatever our capacities may be, it is one of our 
 principal concerns not to be deficient in the moral 
 qualities, Amongft thefe Gratitude holds no in- 
 
 confiderablt
 
 [ 350 ] 
 
 confiderable place; againft which I mould trefpafs, 
 if I neglected this opportunity of acknowledging 
 your favours. My prefent intention is to pay 
 debts, as far as they may be paid, by owning them; 
 and not to attempt any thing that looks like com- 
 mendation and praife. I leave that to LONGINUS 
 and to CICERO ; and am, 
 
 My LORD, 
 
 Your LORDSHIP'S 
 Moft obliged 
 Humble Servant, 
 
 JOHN JORT1N.
 
 i 351 
 
 R M O X, 
 
 Exhorting UK aotter. 
 
 IT appeals from the whole tenor of the New 
 Teftament, that one of the great ends of Chriffianity 
 was to produce and prefenre amongft its profeflbrs 
 a more forprifing and a more amiable union and 
 harmony than Legifhtors had ever enjoined, and 
 Philofophers had ever contriTcd and recommend- 
 ed ; far furpaffing what the obedient difciples of 
 Pjthagoras, or the rigid En'enes had effected, or 
 the ideal Republic of Plato had feigned. 
 
 Our Saviour laid the foundation lor this happr 
 concord in his great commandment, Love tme
 
 SERMON. 
 
 if ye love one another. His Apoftles proceeded as he 
 had begun, and their writings are a perpetual com- 
 mentary upon their Matter's favourite text. 
 
 From all who took upon them the Chriftian 
 name, they required a liberality, which ihould fuf- 
 fer no brother to be in want. 
 
 St. Paul by an apt fimilitude, well known to 
 Pagan writers, who made ufc of the fame * com- 
 pares the fbcial to the natural body ; and requires 
 the cloie connection, and confpiring confent, and 
 fellow-feeling, and mutual fupport in the one, 
 which is obfervable in the other. 
 
 He exhorts them to fubmit themfclves to one 
 another, and in honour to prefer one another. 
 This is affability of the heart, as well as of the de- 
 meanour : this is Chriftian civility ; as many de- 
 grees above modifli civility, as to ferve another 
 effectually is better than to ke Ms mojl obedietit fervant. 
 
 Again-, they are exhorted to lay open their 
 doubts, their weakneffes, their defecls, their wants, 
 and their furrows to each other ; to ftir up one 
 another to good works; to forbear, to forgive, to 
 fupport, to advife, to inftrudt, to edify, and to com- 
 
 * Cor., i. xii. 26. Wither one member jH/er, Bcc. Plato : o1 v 
 , TI XOHVHOL r, xstlx TO yufjLX. ir 
 ra a^cilc? tr uTn, r.s^im vi x* 
 cX*j. De Rep. V. p. 462. Ed. 
 Seneca : Quid fi nocere velint manus pedibus, tnanibus oculi ? Ut 
 cmnia inter ft membra confrnii unt, qtiia fingula ftrvari totius interefs\ 
 ita, &c. De Ira, 1 1 . 31 . Others have colie&ed other paifcges. 
 
 8 fort
 
 SERMON. 
 
 353 
 
 fort one another ; to rejoice and to mourn with 
 one another, and to pray for one another : All which 
 fuppofes a myfterious and a fpiritual union, not to 
 be underftood by profane and uninitiated minds, 
 which, without deftroying fubordinadon, produced 
 a Chriitian equality : for, if the wife could teach 
 the unlearned, and the rich relieve the poor, the 
 unlearned and the poor could pray for his bene- 
 fcuftor, and thereby make him no mean recom- 
 penfe. 
 
 Nothing was more likely to difturb this (acred' 
 union of good minds, than the extraordinary gifts 
 then variously conferred upon Chriitians, which 
 might excite a little vanity in feme, ar.d a little 
 jealoufy in others : Therefore St. Paul took care to 
 inform them that brotherly love was the faireft and 
 the bell of all endowments ; that it was above ail 
 the miraculous powers that ever appeared, if they 
 were all united in one perfon ; and that it would 
 mine in heaven, when their trannrory luftre mould 
 be exrincl: : a declaration, which ro frantic viflon- 
 giy, or interefted impoftor, who hhnfeif pretended 
 to thofe gifts, would ever have m: 
 
 en a man afcends in imagination to thofe 
 . and fancies himielf a memb : : lano- 
 
 cent infant republic, and then awakes from the 
 pleating dream, and cafls h:s eyes upon the 
 about him, he canno: hel : what an altera- 
 
 tion corroding ages have made in this refpect ; for 
 Choftiaoky is lecularifed to fuch a degree, that 
 A a little
 
 354 S E R M O N. 
 
 little of this honed, plain, inartificial kindhefs fub- 
 fifts. However, Religion ftill reflrains much evil, 
 and produces much good, and ferves to many ex- 
 cellent purpofes ; though fome arc fo injudicious, 
 that they cannot perceive it, or fo perverfe, that 
 they will not own it. Nor, indeed, mud we ima- 
 gine that, even in the Golden age of the Gofpel, 
 theie fair ideas were nniverfally or perfectly exem- 
 plified, or forget the many complaints of the 
 Apoftles thcmfelves, concerning falfe or weak bre- 
 thren, and diforderly walkers. To fay the truth, 
 there is a little illufion in the reprefentation which 
 we form to ourfelves of thofe days : diftance 
 fmoothes fome imperfections, and time ibftens fome 
 (hades. 
 
 Amongft the focial and friendly duties which 
 feem to be generally recommended, and which 
 every one was called upon to perform, is the duty 
 of exhortation. Exhort one another : To what ? 
 To good works, without queftion ; to every thing 
 that a Chriftian ought to do. Much of the fame 
 nature is the precept, Admoni/h one another, and, 
 Warn one another. 
 
 The text is concerning Exhortation ; the dif- 
 courfe has been hitherto concerning mutual affec- 
 tion ; but the connexion between thefe t\vo things, 
 and the dependance of the former upon the latter, 
 is greater than fome may perhaps imagine. Ex- 
 hortation ought to proceed from brotherly love, 
 dfe it will be faulty in its motives, and unfucceff- 
 
 ful
 
 SERMON. 355 
 
 fill in its attempts ; and becaufe k often is fa, this 
 has given rile to two fpknedc oh&rvatioos, *nade 
 by thofe who view human n icurc in the wodt light : 
 Firft, that every man is liberal of advice ; lecondl/, 
 that no man is the better for k. If a pedbn ex- 
 hort another, purely becsufe he is a. mend, and 
 detire his welfare, the very marker will fhew tbe 
 man ; for love has an air, which is not easily coun- 
 terfeited : He will temper his advice with discretion 
 and humility; he will add whadbever is cecefiary 
 to recommend it : and if a perfbn be perfbadcd 
 that he wlio gives him his advice would alfb give 
 him any thing die that he could reaibnably defire, 
 be is not a little diipofeu to attend to it, and to al- 
 lo-x it a favourable bearing. 
 
 Exhortatioa comes moft properly firoai fnperiors 
 
 .in equals. It is pan of the disty of nikrs to 
 
 Children s raaflers to (ervancs, 
 
 the elder to the younger, zzd friends to friasds, 
 
 rriendlhip alv. jr m^kcs a certaia 
 
 r. at be oor^vement or decect that 
 every man, upon every occafion, fhould cshort 
 every man; but every perfon has his L 
 
 -als, and towards them he is to exercife this 
 o^Bce upon all inviting opportunities. 
 
 Befides ; there is a for. 
 
 I may to call k to virtue and to goodciefs whicb 
 every Chriftian ougb*: to exercife, even towards his 
 fuperiors ; and that is, 'to ijpeak well of all thofe 
 who deferre well of Kw, and of the Chnftiaa worLi. 
 A a 2 i-- i
 
 356 SERMON. 
 
 and who fill up their fhitions with dignity and in- 
 tegrity ; to ejieem -them bigkly for tbcir work's fake ; 
 to praife good things and good perfons : To which 
 I fhall not add, that he has the fame call, and the 
 fame right, to blame thofe who are deficient, and 
 who want either the capacity or the will of acting 
 fuitably to their office and rank ; becaufe cenfure is 
 often as nearly related to cenforioufnefs in reality, as 
 it is in found, and is not a weapon fit for every 
 hand to wield. But here, likewife, there is an indi- 
 rect cenfure, as well as an indirect exhortation ; and 
 furely, every one may affume the honeft freedom 
 to pafs by in neglect and iilence thofe who deferve 
 reproach and difgrace. It would conduce to many 
 good purpofes, if this negative reproof were fo duly 
 difpenfed, that all the profligate, the infolent, the 
 unworthy, and the ufilt/s& all the refufc and rub- 
 bifh of fociety, of what rank and condition foever, 
 might defcend to the grave vncommended, and there 
 lie and moulder in oblivion. Pity that this ever 
 mould prove the fate of thofe, to whom other re- 
 turns are due. Reputation indeed accompanies de- 
 fert, as its fhadow ; but fometimes the day is over- 
 cad, and the Hi ado w difappears. 
 
 The office of exhortation is, in a more particular 
 manner, incumbent upon us, who are the minifters 
 of the Gofpel ; and we are exprefsly required to ex- 
 hort, warn, adnionifh, incite, and reprove, with 
 
 , homines nihili. Lukf, xva. 10, 
 
 humble
 
 s E i M c 357 
 
 iiaegiik), and prodem zeaL To mfift upon this, 
 
 oikd^ragafeag-K* etafhxs, *&& mugefficg 
 ; and ponaps Ac fobjeft might be treated 
 
 I;VI.-T:Z: 17 :r.:;> ~z: i:~ r. 
 
 cf dcccracy, ve may fcfily m&iiatc,, and the ibber 
 post of dae vrarid mill bear wkoels to k that we 
 tiLrp no dominion over men's cooioences, or per- 
 fceas, or puries ; that we pretend not to what ewoy 
 Pikof Ac Romifli Church afllmcs, cvcrr gifad 
 
 of 2 besfier cbjcffiofi, we hive been acoufed of for- 
 iml Qasc, and fpiritaal pddr, and of ocaring; oor- 
 fdrcs as fiifiifnriTo ifkmx*, aphiaie wiiidi ^c 
 For this, I ^ Dmtarjs make 
 and grimaring Kxmlc ajms at fooic- 
 
 diat is meant fora jdt Tbeywffl not 
 IB, k fcems, *liat /& D!n?tf paid to Pud aad Sflas, 
 vbeo be laid, Ttrfe mem mnfrmtfs tfd* MfJSgb 
 
 Bcckb 
 
 T*fe badi eaten up their undafianmog; and k is 
 sJtogetiierimiieceflarj to wain them, oot to make 
 as 01 isfeof tbcir Wst. Happy would they be, if 
 tlsev verr as fccore from all odacr daasgcr ; for, in 
 
 i ; .:.r :.-:-_.: 
 
 iikoie,to whomJ2f hssteagox*; and of whom, 
 Ir rey 
 
 Aai
 
 358 SERMON 
 
 " But," it may be faid, " after all, over-bearing 
 haughtinefs and iblemn pride are bad things, and 
 deferve blame." Very true ; nor are we backward 
 to disapprove them. We are not unwilling to con- 
 demn all pride in general ; and in particular that 
 poor and filly pride, which makes a man exalt him- 
 felf on account of his ftation, and thereby confefs 
 that he has nothing better to be proud of; Nor 
 have we any thing to plead in behalf of cold and 
 diftant airs, or of that forbidding gravity, which 
 has been called, well enough, " a myftery of the 
 Body, invented to conceal the imperfections of 
 the Underftanding." 
 
 There are particular feafons and occafions for 
 particular exhortations , as when a pcrfon is ad- 
 vanced to any high ftation in the Chriftian re- 
 public : It is then expedient that he fhould be 
 admonilhcd to beware of himfelf, and to remember 
 \vhat God and men expe<5t from him ; and every 
 one who defcrves fuch a ftation, will take it kindly, 
 to be thus reminded of his duty. In St. Paul's 
 exhortations to Timothy and to Titus, there is 
 fomctning, which, according to our modern ideas 
 of civility, muft appear ttrange. To exhort fuch 
 pcvfons that they avoid what is evil, and praclife 
 what is good, fccms to us a tacit infinuation, that 
 they are deficient in their duty, or, at lead, a kind 
 of fuperfluous profufion of counfel. But, in the 
 opinion of St. Paul, no man was too fkilful, or too 
 high, or too holy, to be exhorted and advifed. In 
 the Apoftolical writings we fee an unuffeded fim- 
 
 plicity
 
 SERMON. 359 
 
 pficity of fentiment and diftion, which, when k is 
 found in other ancient anchors, never fails to pkafe 
 the judicious; and ufoatty furpafles ftudied thoughts 
 and laboured fentences, as much as Nature is 
 ibperior to Ait. One good man admonHhcs 
 another with a candid freedom, and gives him a 
 lefFon of cmtion aad humility , upon the fuppofi- 
 :har none is entirely fafe and quite remote 
 from afl fpiritnal danger, whilft h- is in a (bite of 
 probation. The divine WHdom, which would 
 not level iliirc nenmgs agatnft impofiiDuiQcs, has 
 ~..:. iti::.r~~ c: ~.~.'. ~ IT: r~ . - * ./;:... ; : ~. :.-". . ; ; 
 txreetk mamy from Hr rigbtnmfiejs which is 
 enough to malce a nghteous man tremble. A 
 per/: z iv crr.rir.us /_:~ ::: 2, ::-/.dc:_r.r :i~ : ; 
 (b Bar true to his duty, ss to cotuiact no verr fool 
 Ipot ; tfll at length iome imperious Temptation 
 demands admittance; and then Virtue, Coafcience, 
 Honour, Religion, 611 before her, to the furprife 
 of men, and to the grief of Angek. Admonition 
 therefore is right and fit; and fo judges our 
 Church, and has made a prorifion for k in the 
 
 It may be thought that the Admonition in the 
 Office is a proper fiibjcci to be aflbmed and en- 
 larged pon in a dticourfe ; and ib it would, if k 
 were in fuitable hands, tte eUers, (ays St. Peer, 
 lafort, VE&O am df> am dltr. k k impoffibk to 
 attempt k in the pretence of one, who, as b all 
 A a 4 c:hf:
 
 360 SERMON. 
 
 other rcff efts, To, in eminence of ftation, is far 
 better qualified to perform it. 
 
 Shall we then difcourfe concerning the Degrees 
 of facred offices, and the form of Church govern- 
 ment which is here cftablifhed ; and vindicate it 
 from the rude afperfions of fome, and the weak 
 prejudices of others ? This is a difcouraging fub- 
 ject, for it has been frequently and fully difcufied, 
 and nothing new can be offered upon it worthy 
 to engage attention. But from the mention of it 
 we may take occafion to admonifh and exhort men, 
 to fet a juft efteem upon the religion which the 
 kind Providence of God has preferved amongft us, 
 and by which we are as advantageoufly diftin- 
 guifhed as we can reafonably expec"l ; for Perfcflion 
 dwells not fare below. Whofocver knows, even 
 fuperficially, what paflcs and has pafTed in the 
 Chriftian world, knows whai has been thejpirit and 
 the condud of fome Synods and Aflemblies, I 
 will not fay any thing harder of Proteftant 
 brethren; and what \\iziinperionfricfsot that Church, 
 which calls Ijerfclf the Mother and the Miftrefs of 
 all Churches ; and what the procedures of the Inqui- 
 ji:io--i ; which he who has * feen, has beheld a 
 
 Of one who has been in the Inquifition, it might be faid, 
 Tecnarias tiiamfauces, alto, oftia Ditit t 
 Et caligantcm nigra formttiine lucum 
 ntgrefios, Maneftjut aditt, Regcmque trcncndmn t 
 Nefciaque huntanir prccibus w.anfuefcers corda. 
 
 VIRG. Georg. IV. 467. 
 
 This might ferve for a faint reprcfehtation. 
 
 more
 
 SERMON. 
 
 more formidable reprefentarion of die infernal 
 regions, than even poetic fancy ever painted. 
 
 It is to be hoped that oar love for our own 
 Church has been rather increafed than diminlfbed, 
 by the apprehenfions which we had, not long ago, 
 of her fatting into the hands of her worft enemies. 
 Our eyes then viewed her, as they purfue Ac 
 mild and gentle light of the fetring fun : * we then 
 began to onderftand her value, becaufe we men 
 feared to icfe her. 
 
 Shall I proceed to fpeak more particularly con- 
 cerning the perfon now appointed to the Epifcopal 
 on? Inclination draws that way, and words 
 prefect themfelves unibught ; and it is a pleafure 
 to otter them, when the heart and the tongue coh- 
 fpire together, and Truth guides them both : But 
 the Cenfbrious would pronounce it Flattery, and 
 the Severe would call it injudicious Gratitude, It 
 is better to be filent, than to be fufpe&ed of 
 oftiing what is not fit for the one to give, and the 
 other to receive. 
 
 Shall we then rather fpeak in general of the 
 difcreet choice which is made of peribns to preOde 
 over us in Church and State ? Many would (ay 
 that this was paying compliments to the Age, at 
 the erpenfc of truth. It were no hard taik to 
 confute than ; but, declining this, for feveral 
 
 IJfe* 
 
 reafons,
 
 j6a 5 E R M O N. 
 
 reafons, I chufe rather to follow my text, and to 
 give them an advice, of which I am fure they 
 greatly ftand in need ; and that is, that they would 
 be cautious not to run into the extreme, of under- 
 valuing and reviling their teachers and governors. 
 Say xof tkw, fays Solomon, What is the caufe 
 that the former days were better than thefe ? For thoit 
 dctji not inquire wifely concerning this. There is room 
 to conjecture that Solomon fpake this feelingly, 
 and for particular reafons. There were probably 
 in his time pcrverfe men in Ifrael, who (hook 
 their foolifh heads, and regretted the old days ; 
 and obferved that the reign of his father David 
 was preferable to his ; and that it was better with 
 the nr.tion under Saul, than under the new family. 
 Such judgments he condemns, as proceeding from 
 malicious fpleen, and fenfelefs prejudice. To bring 
 the matter home to ourfclves, One who were to 
 confider the thing impartially, and found in him- 
 iclf no difpofition to flatter, or to rail, or to repine, 
 v.-ould probably be of opinion that the world goes 
 an, as the fan Pnines, much as it did before we 
 were born, and that we are no worfe than our 
 progenitors : for as to public calamities, which 
 human 'prudence cannot forefee, or, forefecing, 
 cannot prevent, it is very unreafonable to lay them 
 10 the charge of the government ; and the civil 
 Magistrate might juftly fay, as the king of Ifrael 
 did, At: I God, to kill and to make alive? where- 
 fore
 
 S E R M O v. 563 
 
 fare cnfJir, I prey jwr, al jet, baa tbey Jctk a 
 quarrel agaixft me. * 
 
 One thing, only, give me leave to add, for I can* 
 not decently ftifle it, in favour of our own times ; 
 namely, that Learning, learning, which has made 
 a man pals for a Magician, for a Heretic, and for 
 a Fool, and has been often obferved to be a fymp- 
 toia of poverty, is no difquaiificarioa or impedi- 
 ment, but rather a credit and a recommendation. 
 It has ibme friends and favourers, even arnongft 
 the great; and it has no enemy except Envy, * 
 which pilfers and purloins a fhiail matter from an 
 eftablifhed character; a moderate tax upon faperior 
 abilities, and a lois which is fcarcely felt. 
 
 It would be an unpardonable omiffion in one 
 who has had a liberal education, not to lay boil 
 of this occafion, and proceed to lay fomething ia 
 behalf of Literature. We, who cannot reward it, 
 ought at lead to recommend k to thofe who can; 
 and exhort and admonifh them, that they would 
 cherifh and protect it, even for their own fake. 
 are naturally difpofed to feek and to value 
 reputation; Reputation and praile area recompenie, 
 :h our Saviour himfelf with his own iacred 
 mouth conferred upon a generous action : fHxrf- 
 fxver, lays be, this Goffel Jball be prtadoed in tre 
 
 * ii Kings, \.T. &u I GI&, to Ml alt". m**e **.** fet 
 mam tebfemdntmrni, to reaver * mm* tflis ~?^j? Sad die king 
 Oar farcragn Skcwijie pcrtcnds oat t* an ttc lifr^ji 
 and a good refer for all dot. 
 
 **
 
 364 SERMON. 
 
 Ccflriz', tic ere fiall alfo this, that tbis woman. 
 bath dene, be told for a memorial of bs r. There is no 
 furcr xvay for great men to obtain it, than by 
 patronifing letters, arts, and fciences ; for thefe 
 are always grateful, and both willing and able to 
 tranfmit the names of their friends to the lateft 
 generations. They who are not to be moved by 
 thefe motives, may hope for reputation ; but they 
 \vill reap as they fow; and never be* praifed, ex- 
 cept by hangers-on of their own (lamp and capa- 
 city, or by dedicators, whofe works ufually die 
 before them, and who certainly will have no in- 
 tereft with pofterity. 
 
 Excluded, on one account or other, from every 
 obvious topic, and fcarce knowing which way to 
 turn, and how to proceed, I refblved to look back 
 to times pad, and to recolledt, xvhat old annals and 
 the voice of the public had formerly declared con- 
 cerning worthy Prelates. This had a promifmg 
 afpect, and feemed to open the way to modeft, in- 
 cfTenfive, and inftructive defcription. Here alfo 
 \vas a plentiful variety of materials, of every 
 
 * Mny it happen to fnch, according to the prognoftic of the 
 Greek Mofe ; 
 
 fOKra ot xnciat.t, 
 olt fsiiciuoij-vva. ct 
 , Kofiraji' t>ricr. 
 
 quality
 
 5 E R M O X. 365* 
 
 quality that conflitutes a great and a good man. 
 Here were to be found diligence, patience, activity, 
 candour, and integrity : here was religion without 
 formality, liberality without oftentation, feriouf- 
 nets without moroienefs, and cheerfuinefs \vithoue 
 levity: here was gentlenels to others, zr.C; 
 leverity : here was ufeful learning, and a love of 
 thofe who loved and purfued it, and a care to 
 confer favours upon thofe who deferved them : 
 here was a contempt and diflike for detracting fy- 
 cophants, and fawning parafkes : here was affability 
 to inferiors: here were other bright v. 
 endearing accompliftiments, which mall not be 
 recounted ; for there is already reafon to fear 
 that juftice has not been done to the dignity of the 
 iubjech 
 
 May the great Author of every good gift enable, 
 us, each in our feverai (rations, to act an honeit 
 and prudent part ; till we arrive at the manllons, 
 where all earthly diftj ^afe, and give place 
 
 to thofe which are made by pietv and virtue : where 
 we ihall meet with innumerable beings, bette 
 greater, and wifer than ov.rfelves ; -.vhere. a^ 
 will be unhappy and di. ,- tl^.ere maybe 
 
 room for pious Emulation, but not for Jealoufy 
 and Envy ; and where all, h6\v different foever in 
 glory, will be united by love, and charity, aud 
 friendfliip, and gratitude, .. Jdceruion, and 
 
 cflcci
 
 MISCELLANEOUS REMARKS 
 
 SERMONS 
 
 O P 
 
 ARCHBISHOP TILLOTSON. 
 
 From the APPENDIX to Dr. BIRCH'S Life of TILLOTSOK, 
 Second Edition. Page 426. Number III. 
 
 POLIO EDITION. 
 
 VOL. I. SERMON XXXV. 
 
 1 HIS Sermon hath been attacked by Cavillers at 
 home and abroad, and defended by LE CLERC, 
 in the Bibliotheque Choifie. 
 
 IBID. SERMON XXXVI. 
 
 " The poet feigns of Achilles, that by fome 
 charm, or gift of the Gods, he was invulnerable, 
 except in the heel, &c. The wife poet intruding 
 us, fcc."' 
 
 This
 
 ON TILLOTSOX. 567 
 
 This is a (mall flip in our excellent author; for 
 the Poet, *J* fxi>, is Homer 9 who hath laid 
 nocking concerning this Fabk of Achilles. 
 
 lair-. SIF.MOS 
 
 Tillodbn printed theie Sermons on the DkxarV* 
 vfCbrifi to vindicate himleif from the charge of 
 Sorinianifm : that is, from an accusation entirely 
 groucdlets. 1 have been told, that Crellius, a 
 Socinhn, and a defcendant from the more cde- 
 braced Crellius, who ufed, when he came over 
 hither, to vifit the Archbiibop, and to cocverfe 
 im, jiaiiSed him on this head; and declared 
 that " lUlodbsi had often difputed with him, m 
 a friendly way, upon die Ribjecl of the Triaky; 
 and that b .e befit Kafbser, and had the 
 
 xnoft to lay for himieif, of any acvedary he lisd 
 ever encountered." 
 
 But then, Tiliotfon had cisde ibme concefiiozis 
 concerning the Socinians, which never -ere, and 
 never will be forgiven him ; and haih broken on 
 ancient and fundamental rule of theological con- 
 troverfy; " Allow not an adVerfaryto have ertfccr 
 common (enfe, or common honefty." 
 
 Here is the obnoxious paflage : - 
 
 " And yet, to do right tc 
 " fide, I muft own, that generalr 
 
 ::">.." _ :: 
 
 .
 
 368 REMARKS ON TILLOTSON. 
 
 " ing matters of religion without heat and un- 
 te feemly reflections upon their adverfaries. 
 " They generally argue matters with that temper 
 *' and gravity, and with that freedom from paf- 
 " fion and tranfport, which becomes a ferious and 
 " weighty argument ; and, for the moil part, 
 *' they reafon clofely, and clearly, with extraor- 
 " dinary guard and caution; with great dexterity 
 *' and decency, and yet with fmartnefs and fub- 
 " tilty enough ; with a very gentle heat, and few 
 " hard words : virtues, to be praifed, wherever 
 " they are found ; yea even in an enemy, and 
 " very worthy our imitation. In a word, they 
 (C are the flrongeft managers of a weak caufe, and 
 " which is ill founded at the bottom, that perhaps 
 " ever yet meddled with controverfy; infomuch, 
 " that fome of the Proteftants, and the generality 
 " of the Popifh writers, and even of the Jefuits 
 " themfelves, who pretend to all the reafon and 
 61 fubtilty in the world, are in companion of them 
 tl but mere fcolds and bunglers. Upon the whole 
 " matter, they have but this one great defect, 
 " that they want a good caufe, and truth on their 
 -" fide; which if they had, they have reafon, and 
 " wit, and temper enough to defend it." 
 
 The thought, which is contained in the laft 
 
 fcntence, refembles that of Quintilian, who fays 
 
 of Seneca : " Multa probanda in co, multa etiam 
 
 admiranda funt : eligcrc modo curs fit, quod 
 
 7 utinam
 
 REMARKS ON TILLOTSON. 369 
 
 v.tinam ipfe feciffet! Digna enim fuit ilia natura,qu2e 
 meliora vellet, quse quod voluit effecit." And again, 
 " Velles eum fuo ingenio dixifie, alieno judicio." 
 
 Now, by way of contraft, behold the chara&er 
 of the fame perfons, from the maflerly and im- 
 partial hand of SOUTH : 
 
 <{ The Socinians are impious blafphemers, whofe 
 ff infamous pedigree runs back [from wretch to 
 " wretch] in a direct line to the devil himfelf; and 
 " who are filter to be crumed by the civil magiftrate, 
 i( as deilruclive to government and fociety, than to 
 " be confuted as merely heretics in religion." 
 
 Such is the true agomjlic ftyle and intolerant 
 Spirit ; fuch the courage of a champion, who 
 challenges his adverfary, and then calls upon the 
 conftabk to come and help him. 
 
 An tibi Mavors 
 
 Ventofa In lingua, pedibufquf fugacibus IJlis 
 Stmper frit ? 
 
 VOL. II. SERMON XVI. 
 
 " Jofephus flattered Vefpafian fo far, as to 
 make him believe, that he was the man fthe 
 Meffias] ; and thereupon perfuaded him to deftroy 
 the line of David, out of which the tradition was, 
 that the Meffias fnould fpring, &c." 
 
 Jofephus did not give this wicked advice. Our 
 
 Prelate perhaps had in his thoughts what Eiifebius 
 
 relates of Domitian, " that he ordered all the 
 
 family of David to be deftroy ed ; and that fome 
 
 B b of
 
 370 REMARKS ON 
 
 of our Lord's kinfmen were feized, and brought 
 before him j and upon examination difmiffed, as 
 poor and inconfiderable perfons. Afterwards, 
 in the time of Trajan, fome heretics laid an in- 
 formation againft Syrheon, the fon of Cleopas, as 
 being of the family of David, and alfo a Chriftian : 
 and, for this, Symeonwas put to death, when he was 
 an hundred and twenty years old. But thefe very 
 accufers of the Martyr were alfo convicted of be- 
 longing to the royal tribe, diligent fearch being 
 made at that time' for fuch perfons.*' 
 
 Eufebius had thefe accounts from Hegefippus, 
 and Hegefippus is far enough from infallibility. 
 So the Stories reft upon his authority, fuch as it 
 is. Eufeb. Evang. Hift. III. 19, 20, 32. 
 
 IBID. SERMON LXX. 
 
 " We muft be ferious in our inftructions : 
 " to which nothing can be more contrary, than 
 " to trifle with the word of God ; and to fpeak of 
 " the weightieft matters in the world, the great 
 " and everlafting concernments of the fouls of 
 ' men, in fo flight and indecent a manner, as is 
 " not only beneath the gravity of the pulpit, but 
 " even of a well-regulated Jlage. Can anything 
 " be more unfuitable, than to hear a Minifler of 
 '' God, from this folemn place, to break Jefts 
 <e upon Sin, and to quibble with the vices of the 
 " age ? This is to {hoot without a bullet ; as if we 
 " had no mind to do execution, but only to make 
 *' men fmile at the mention of their fuults : This
 
 kfo 
 
 -SKS OX TILLOTS05T. 
 
 naufeoos a folly, sad of fo pernicious con- 
 " (eqtaence to religion, dsat hardly any thing too 
 
 can be (aid of it." 
 
 This was undoubtedly defigned as a cenfure 
 upon &*?, for feyingj " that there is vojbnc&g 
 a foul out of its immortality, 1 * and a Hundred 
 ::v-.i: ::" :'..= :".-- = '-::.:. 
 
 IBID. SC2.MO3F iCIJI. 
 
 The Being of God is ib comfortable, fo con- 
 " Yenienr, Ib necefiuy to the teiicky of mankind, 
 ' that (as Tully admirably (ays) Da aaKrtahs 
 ** 4^ ir^fcy btnttnm fakrKOfi foe viJaMtmr : If God 
 " were not a necefiary being ot kwb\ he might 
 " almoft teem to be made on purpoie for the ufc 
 " and benefit of MO." 
 
 A '..-::.:- ::::':r.. ':.: ir.il". r.:: Lc -in;;- 
 obferved, that Tiiiodbo, taking die vabfooritafi 
 in a pafSve ieale, grotaiy mifunderftood Cicero; 
 wEofe words are theie : ** Sunt a^t^itt alii philo- 
 fophi, et hi qoidem magni atque nobiles, qui 
 
 adminiftrari arque regi cecieant: neque vcro id 
 
 :":'._.T.. :ej -:._- ib ::"i.- -. :- ;.;:.-_- :;.-:".; 
 et prorideri : Nam, et fruges, et reiiqua qnac terra 
 poiiat, et tempefiatjesy ac t0nponim Tarietates, 
 Cje.:;-r in ii:.j~ci. 7_:r'j ?rr.r..i j '.us :;-.~ri g.r- 
 nar, maiuma pubciciat, a Db irnmoitatibus tribui 
 humane generi putant ; muhaque, qua: taiia iuar, 
 ut e* ipfj Di iramortaks ad ufuen hofninum fabri- 
 cati pcnc vidcantur. 7 ' De Xar. Deor. L. L z. 
 -^ - 3 b 2 It
 
 3/2 REMARKS ON TILLOTSON. 
 
 It is certain that thefe words, as they ftand in 
 Cicero, will not admit of the fenfe which Tillotfon 
 gives them : but Tillotfon, in all probability, 
 cited by memory, and without confulting the con- 
 text i and put that meaning upon the words, which 
 fecmed the moft reafonable and elegant : and, per- 
 haps his good fenfe led him here to the true inter- 
 pretation. Bohcrius, a learned French critic, un- 
 derftood this paflage juft as Tillotfon has taken it ; 
 and to accommodate the fentence to this purpofe, 
 he propofed a flight emendation, which is approved 
 by Davies. " Clarifs. Boherius legit, ut ET 
 IPSI Dn immortales ad ufum hominum fabricati 
 pene videantur. Audax fane videtur loquendi 
 ratio; fedfenfus facit, ut ei conjedurse faveam." 
 
 In favour of this conjecture arjd interpretation it 
 may be obferved, that, according to the Pagan 
 Theology, the Dii immortales are the fun, the moon, 
 the ftars, the planets, and the earth, who furnifh 
 
 .us with the comforts and conveniencies of life ; and, 
 fo highly beneficial are they to mortal men, that, 
 although they be Gods, yet they feem almoft to 
 
 . have been nuide for the ufe of man. 
 
 If you aik, " by whom were the Gods made?" 
 the Pagan anfwer is, " by Nature, or by the Su- 
 preme God ; who drew them out of chaos, and 
 who is called by Ovid, Mnndl FM;-;cator" 
 
 Han* Ddis, si melior litem Natnra diremlt : 
 
 And
 
 REMARKS ON TILLOTSOX. 
 
 Aftra t eiisnt ctekjk folum t formxq:t^ Dcorum. 
 
 Ovid, Met. I. 73. 
 
 IKa Deos onates 9 longum e/uimerare, creavif, 
 Says Ovid, Fall. IV. 95. fpeaking of Venusr 
 
 Cicero advanced fomewhat that was bold, and 
 therefore qualified it with zpene vi&a 
 
 VOL. III. SERMON CXL. 
 
 " I know not what fome men may find in them- 
 "felves; bur I nvjil freely acknowledge, that I 
 " could never yet attain to that bold and hardy de- 
 <: gree of faith, as to believe any thing for thi$ : 
 " reafon becaufe it &as impojjtble. So that I am 
 " very far from being of bis mind, that wanted, not 
 " only more difficulties, but even imjxffibilities, in the 
 " Chriftian religion, to exercifc his fiuth upon." 
 
 The perfon whom Tjllotfon had in view, was 
 the author of Religio Medici. But by impojfibitities, 
 Sir Thomas Brown, as well as Tertullian, meant. 
 fcemiKgy not real impoffibilities ; and what he fays 
 (houlid be looked upon as a verbttm orders, a rhetori- 
 cal flour iih, and a trial of ikill with Tertullian ; in 
 \rhich however he had little chance to come off 
 Inferior. Both of them were lively and ingenious ; 
 but the African had a warmer complexion than the 
 Briton, 
 
 ' : Meihinks there be not impodibilities enough 
 
 " in religion, for an active faith. I can anfwer all 
 
 ** the objections of Satan and my rebellious reafon, 
 
 B b 3 " with
 
 374- REMARKS ON TILLOTSOK, 
 
 " with that odd r-efolution I learned of Tertullian, 
 " Certum eft, quia impqffibile eft. I am thankful that I 
 " lived not in the days of miracles, &c." Rel. Med. 
 
 Tillptfon, judging that the Papifts would make 
 an ill ufe of this, and fcuh paflages as this, in Pro- 
 iejiant writers, was willing to pafs a gentle animad- 
 verfion upon it. 
 
 Sir Kenelm Digby, a Roman Catholic, who 
 criticifes feveral things in the Religio Medici, yet 
 gives his loud approbation to thefe pious fallies. 
 " I am extremely pleafed with him, when he faith, 
 there are not impoflibilities enough in religion, for 
 an active faith, Sec." Extremely pleafed, without 
 queftion ; and full of hopes, that this young author 
 might at laft unreafon himfelf into implicit belief-, 
 and go over to a church, which would feed his 
 hungry faith with a fufficient quantity ofimpodi- 
 bilities. 
 
 Tendimus in Latium ! 
 
 Amongft many things, which may be mentioned 
 in favour of Tillotfon, this mould not be for^ 
 gotten; that of thole who have pafled their judg- 
 ments upon him, there never was a fon of ab- 
 / furdity who did not diflike, or a fenfible reader 
 who did not approve his writings. If a perfon 
 were to offer himfelf a candidate for honeft reputa- 
 tion, what could he wilh and hope more, than to 
 mare Tillotfon's fate i and to find the fame ceo* 
 
 furcrs,
 
 REMARKS ON TILLOTSON. 375 
 
 furers, and the fame defenders? Yet it hath been 
 laid of this great and good man, that his fpirits 
 were in fome degree broken, and his health impair- 
 ed, by the infults and calumnies of petulant adver- 
 faries. If it be true, it is a melancholy inftance of 
 human infirmity, and a proof that a little Stoiafm 
 and Socrallfm is a defirable pofleffion. To forgive 
 enemies, though difficult to many, was eafy to him, 
 affifted as he was by good-nature, and by religion : 
 but to defpife their attacks, was a tafk rather too hard 
 for his gentle temper and fenfibility ; fo that, in this 
 refpecl:, and under thefe difadvantages, he was not 
 a match for men, who could neither blufh nor feeL 
 ** A man's good name, fays he, is a tender 
 thing; and a wound there finks deep into the fpirit 
 even of a wife and good man : and the more inno- 
 cent any man is in this kind, the more fenfible he is 
 of this hard ufage ; becaule He never treats others fo, 
 nor is he confcious to himfelf that he hath deferred 
 it." VoL II. Serm. XLII. 
 
 Every thing, "they fay, hath two handles. When 
 Socrates was under fentence of death, Xanthippe 
 took on bitterly; and refufing comfort, cried, " O, 
 my hufband ! what grieves me moft is, that thefe 
 ^kkedju^ts would treat an nnocait man thus, and 
 -.emn thee unjuftly, and for nothing at all." 
 " Wife !" (aid he, " why fhouki that grieve thee ? 
 Hadil thou rather then, that they had condemned 
 
 . 
 
 SCRIPTURAL
 
 I 37* ] 
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 1 HE reverence which the Jews had for their facred 
 books, preferved thofe mod ancient of all records, 
 and along with them the knowledge of the Hebrew 
 language. But the Chriftians, who had the fame 
 veneration for the OLD TESTAMENT, have contri- 
 butedj more than the Jews themfelves, to fecure 
 and to explain thofe books, as they had indeed more 
 advantages and greater helps. The Chriftians in 
 ancient times collected and preferved the Greek 
 tierfions of thofe Scriptures, particularly that of the 
 Septuagint, and tranflated the originals into Latin, 
 They preferved copies of the works of Jofephus, 
 which were little efteemed by the Jews but 
 which help to confirm and explain the facred books, 
 and caft a light upon the Jewilli hiftory: and 
 Chriftian critics and commentators, fuch as Capel- 
 lus, Bochart, Grotius, Le Clerc, Vitringa, and 
 many others, have beyond meafure furpafled the 
 5 Jew i ib
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 377 
 
 Jewiih Doctors in illuftratiBg and defending the 
 Holy Scriptures. 
 
 The keys of learning are the learned languages, 
 and a grammatical and critical {kill in them. 
 
 We cannot at prefent want Greek commentaries * 
 on the Scriptures, being lo plentiful j fupplied with 
 nglih ones. 
 
 It was the ftudy of the Scriptures which excited 
 ChrifHans from early times to the ftudy of Cbronolegj 
 {acred and fecular : and here much knowledge of 
 bsftcrj, and fome Ikiil in ajtrcmmy, were needfoL 
 
 The NEW TESTAMENT, being written in Greek, 
 caufed Chriftians to apply themfelves alfo to the 
 ftudy of that moft copious and beautiful language. 
 Chriftianity, at firil, and for a confiderable rime, 
 was violently op-poled and afiauhed by the Jews 
 and Gentiles. But this Evil was compenfated by 
 many Advantages : It was op poll lion which excited 
 the Chriftians to juffify their own . eaufe, and to 
 confute their adverlaries, the Jewifli Doctors, and 
 the learned Gentiles ; to expo(e the abfurdiries of 
 Jewifh tradirions, the weaknds of Paganum, and 
 the imperfections and infuffickncy of Philofophy. 
 
 * TTikk ms aotrannal learts, ikft fnm Or trutr 
 
 lm yaionbrau MILT. PA*. LOST. L 30*. 
 
 zbt add," and as fcon vtifenrf." 
 
 the
 
 378 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 For this purpofe Jewifh and Pagan literature were 
 necefiary, and what we call Philology ', or Clamcal 
 Erudition : and thus the Chriftians became in learn- 
 ing fuperior to the Pagans; and, in point of flyle 
 and competition, as good writers as they, both in 
 Latin and in Greek. 
 
 To the Gofpel then, and to thofe who embraced 
 it, are due our grateful acknowledgements for the 
 Learning that is at prefent in the world. The Infi- 
 dels educated in Chriftian countries owe what Learn- 
 ing they have to Chriftianity ; and ad the part of 
 thofe Brutes, which, when they have fucked tbe 
 dam, turn about, and, (as Plato lays to his difciple 
 Ariftotle), 7roXax.Tj^o-y, Jlrike her. It is fit that 
 we mould be fometimes put in mind of th'u, for we 
 have been ftrangely apt to forget it. * 
 
 As Religion hath been the chief prcfcrver of 
 Erudition, fo erudition hath not been ungrateful 
 to her patronefs, but hath contributed largely to 
 the fupport of religion. The ufeful expeditions of 
 the Scriptures, the fober and fenlible defences of 
 revelation, the faithful reprefentation of pure and 
 undefiled Chridianity ; thefe have been the works 
 of learned, judicious, and indufhious men. The 
 corruptions of the Gofpel, the perverfe interpreta- 
 tions and abfurd fenfes put upon the word of God, 
 
 * Some names, of great celebrity, might here be adduced : the 
 judicious reader however can be at no lofs, eitlv.r to recollect, or to 
 forgtt them. They have forgotten themfelves. 
 
 been
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 379 
 
 both in matters of faith and of practice-, thefe have 
 been the inventions of men, who had a finall (hare 
 of learning, and a large fhare of knavery, or of 
 fanaticifm : or of both blended together. 
 
 Fanaticks are no friends to realbn and learning, 
 and not without fome kind of plea ; Firft, becaufe 
 they have ufually a flender " provifion of either: 
 Secondly, becaufe a man hath no occafion to fpend 
 his time and his pains in the ftudious way, who 
 hath an inward illumination to guide him to truth, 
 add to make fuch labour unneceflary. 
 
 But, they who fay that human learning is of no 
 life in religion, are no more to be difputed with* 
 than the honeft man in Horace, 
 
 Quife credebat miros audire tragsdos* 
 In vacuo Ixlus ffffor plauforquc tbeatro. 
 
 He who drives and expects to convince and alter 
 fuch perfons, either undervalues his time and pains, 
 or over-values his abilities. " Sola Scripturaruin 
 ars eft," fays Jerome, " quam fibi omnes/paffirn. 
 vendicant : hanc garrula anus, hanc delinis fenex, 
 hanc fophifta verbofus, hanc univerfi prefumunr, 
 lacerant, docent, antequam difcant." What would 
 he fay, 
 
 Siforet hoc ncjtrumfato dilatus in <e?um? * 
 
 * See Dr. JortuTs firft charge to the Clergy of the Archdeaconry 
 of London ; fubjoined to his lermons, Vol. VII. p. 353. and " DIS- 
 COURSES ca the trxtb of the Cbriftlam reBgi**." P. 131. 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS,
 
 ( 3* ) 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 THE OLD TESTAMENT. 
 
 JUDGES XI. 39. 
 
 JEPHTHA'S daughter was devoted to God, and ta 
 die fervice of the High-pried, and of the Taber- 
 nacle. It is ftrange that any Commentators fhould 
 have imagined that (he was facrificed. In like 
 manner, the Locrians were obliged to fend yearly 
 to the temple of Minerva, at Troy, two virgins ; 
 who were to be flaves, and employed all their days 
 in the dull office of fweeping and fprinkling the 
 floor, to expiate the crime of Ajax. 
 
 See Plutarch, Defera Numinis vindiEla-, or Bayle, 
 CASSANDRE. Not. E. 
 
 I. Sam. XXVI. 7. 
 
 The ancient warriors ufed to flick their (pears 
 upright in the ground, when they put them afidc. 
 Thus we are here told that Saul lay Jleeping and 
 bis fpear Jtuck in the ground, at his boljter. 
 
 HOMER,
 
 SCRIFTITRJLL ILLUSTRATIONS. 381 
 HOMES, IL K. v. 153. 
 
 Where Euflathius lays, *Irl Jl In T 1-rl 
 
 t^tor tfS* VET^SMZA T vXc %eumi jf^im^ 
 
 ILZ.2i 3 . 
 
 'Ejg^ 
 
 D.r.134. 
 
 APPOLLOKICTS,!!!. 1285. 
 
 ^toxf terra, dcfx* 
 
 tcEmre bofias, etfcmta rec&uxf. 
 SESECA, PhoEoilf. 4- :
 
 382 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 VAL. FLACCUS, IV. 283. 
 
 fxaque filet Gradivus in baftd. 
 
 Thefe fpears had two points-, one, with which 
 they ftruc'k ; the other, perhaps blunter, called 
 2auwl;p, which they (luck into the ground. Some- 
 times the <r*ufWp was a hollow and pointed iron, 
 which was ftuck into the ground, and the fpear 
 was put into it, as- a candle into a focket. 
 
 RemuluSj.in Virgil, j3n. IX. 609. fays, 
 
 Omne ovum ferro teritur, verfdque juvencum 
 Terra fatigamuj baft a : 
 
 " We always go armed; always have our 
 fpear in our hand. In the battle we ftrike our 
 foes with the Point j in the time of peace we 
 drive our oxen with the 
 
 JEn. XL 93. 
 
 et verfis Arcades armis. 
 
 That is, perhaps, " trailing their fpears, with the 
 point behind, and the Zavpwljip before." 
 
 PLUTARCH, dpopbtb. p. 183. 
 
 And in p. 174. Memnon theRhodianchaftifes an 
 infolent foldier, TJ AO^X? T*Vg: that is, flriking 
 him with the o-aupanip. 
 
 HERODOTUS,
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 HERODOTUS, I. 52. aw^ipa M 
 
 :re Gronovius fays, 
 >rc; ; et du<e ad laderidum, Xoj^ixt, qiue alioqui did 
 
 Joint <ravttfa f , et mhaa&s." 
 
 In L ;77. Caefar drives on the lag- 
 
 ing foldiers with the o-av^jj*. 
 
 Ferbere corfverf* ceffanles exdtaf baft*. 
 
 Yet the v&vpnt feems to have been made fharp 
 enough to fight with, fo that either end of the (pear 
 might be employed in battle. 
 
 POLYBICS fays, of the Romans: 
 
 , r. TUP 
 
 Lipfius explains the above, L.. III. de Milit. 
 MB. and cites this paffage from an anonymous 
 writer in'Suidas; K*S raT; 
 
 IB, II. N. 147. 
 
 rii rt xj l 
 
 \ T rhere
 
 384 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS* 
 Where fee Euftathius. 
 
 In II. SAM. II. 23. Abner fmote Afahel with 
 tbf hinder end of his fpear*~ -that is, with the o-aupwr^, 
 and ./fo^ him. 
 
 II. SAM. XVIII. 32. 
 
 " And the king faid unto Cufhi, Is the young 
 man Abfalom fafe? and Cuihi anfvvered, The ene- 
 mies of my lord the king, and all that rife againft 
 thee, to do thee hurt, be as that young man is." 
 
 Thus Cumi, obliquely, and flowly, and politely 
 informs David of the death of his fon Abfalom. 
 The fame remark is applicable to a parallel paffage 
 in Ctefias thehiftorian, which is highly copunended 
 by Demetrius Phalereus. 
 
 " Ctefias, fay? he, may be truly called a Poet, 
 as he defcribes perfpicuoufly, is full of imagery, 
 and paints with lively colours. For example : Im- 
 portant events ihould not be related in a direcl and 
 hafty manner; but unfolded gradually, ib as to 
 keep the hearer or reader in fufpenfe, and caufe 
 him to fympathife with us. Thus Ctefias introduces 
 the relation of the death of Cyrus : for the meflen- 
 ger of thefe fad tidings to Paryfatis, the mother of 
 Artaxerxes and Cyrus, doth not fay bluntly to 
 her, " Cyrus is dead ;" which would be what 
 we call the fpeech of a Scythian : but firfl tells her, 
 i that
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 that Cyrus had conquered ; which gave her 
 lure, mixed with anxiety. She then aiks him, 
 " How fares fAnaxerxes] the king?" * The 
 king, replies he, is fled" She, interrupting, %, 
 tf Tiflaphernes bath brought this calamity upon 
 him. But where is Cyrus at prefect ?" " He is, 
 lays the meflenger, where it becometh brave men 
 to be found." Thus, proceeding by flow fteps, he 
 at laft, {carccly, and with reluctance, comes to the 
 point: repreienting the meflenger as unwilling to 
 perform the dHagreeable office ; acd fo describing 
 the diftrds of the mother, as to make us partake 
 of it." 
 
 The learned reader will liie the original better 
 man my reprdentarion. Here it is : 
 
 lifta *n symtn aUm Mxnfmp* mppZm 
 
 \ 9 rjr ~ m**r* c ^ -r r 
 
 ac, jo4?*zwra jMijiii Tw KT^TU; 
 
 VOL. I. C c
 
 386 SCRIPTURAL ILLt/STRATIONS. 
 
 fAeAij TO 
 
 TOV TE ol'yytXov efS$mat axwr/wf aJ'J'EASi/la l^i/ <7u/*(>oav 
 
 Iferodotum. Ed. Gronov. p. 692. 
 So in Statius, 7*^. IX. 888. 
 
 Tw ^w^ ^r/^ pa trepidam fufpende, diuquc 
 Decipito, et tandem cum jam cogere fateri, 
 Die, &c. 
 
 2 SAM. XXI. 20. 
 
 A man that had on every hand fix fingers, and 
 on every foot fix toes. 
 
 " Digit! quibufdam in manibus feni. C. Horatii 
 ex patricia gente rilias duas ob id f (digit as appel- 
 latas accepimus, et Volcatium Sedigititm, illuftrem 
 in poetica." Pliny, Lib. XI. . xcix. P. 638. 
 
 " Si quis plures digitos habeat, five in manibus, 
 five in pedibus, &c." Digcft. Lib. XXI. Tit. I. 10. 
 where fee Gothofred. 
 
 Navarette, in the preface to his account of China, 
 fays that he faw a boy, who had fix fingers and fix 
 toes. 
 
 Prov. IV. 17. 
 
 They drink the wine of violence. 
 Seneca de Ira. I. 16. 
 
 " Perbibifti nequitiam, et it a vifceribus immifcuiftf, 
 
 a/ mft cum ipjis exire non poffit" 
 
 1 Prov.
 
 L ILLUSTRATIONS. 387 
 
 Prov. VL 6. 
 Go to the ant, &c. 
 
 Lewenhoeck fays that " Ants flccp all the winter, 
 without eating. The food which they gather is 
 for the nourifhaaent of their young ones." V. Bibl. 
 Univ. XL p. 154. 
 
 Prov. IX. 17. 
 
 The harlot (ays to the paflenger, cc Stolen \raters 
 are fweet, and bread eaten in (ecret is plealant." 
 
 So Pindar (ays, (bmewhere ; 
 
 Juvenal, XIII. 33. 
 
 
 *4s bobcat vewa 
 
 Tcisfeoojtobeafllpcx mencry: at leaft the qaqtatioB does 
 r,fran a perulalcf Pindar. CV^p*"* A i "'"' i< M S 
 Lib. m. Che* a verfc, \mjmfitm GemS&s: 
 Dmlct f&fr&om an Faav. 
 And diis CfmtOen uarimiblrrfly the writer towfaom Dr. Jortia 
 
 B, ifTiMbr%s ** as abo^e, which is notdrwrd, bat doubted, 
 he amily does 67, tet b iffl better: XSMIOKIC. Eid. Z. 76. 
 
 mjimrr f ,' M it rfl tfnr ftfit rift [ Irirf r- -r 7 r 
 Cci N;r..:r.
 
 388 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 N6rnen/r// non folum tribuitur injufbe ufurpa- 
 tioni alienarum facukaturn, fed etiam, a fortiori, 
 alienarum mulierum. Adeoque folitum eft titulurn 
 furti attribuere adukerio. Unde, quando lafciva 
 hn?c foemina dixit, Aqu* fwrtiv* dulciores funt y &c. 
 quid.tm hunc locum interpretatur, " Mulier adul- 
 tera in aquis furtivis, et pane abfcondita, prohibita, 
 et illicita concubia dulciora efle afleverat." 
 
 Hoc fenfu TibuiUis, Eleg. II. 36. 
 Ce Ian vult fua fur fa Venus* 
 Virgilius, Georg. IV. 345. 
 
 Curam Clymene narrabat inanem 
 Vulcani, Martifque dolos> et dulcia furta. 
 
 Ovidius, Met. II. 423. 
 
 Hoc certe conjux fur turn mea nefcief, inquit. 
 Philoftratus, in Epift. 
 
 Non adeb mamfefla potejtas exhilarat, itt illicita 
 ft arcana voluptas. Omne verb furtivum folet efle 
 deleftabile. Sic etiam Neptunus, fub purpureo fluftu 
 fubiit, et Jupiter, fub auro, aqua, bove, dracone, ac 
 fub aliis integumentis latuit. Unde Bacchus et Apollo, 
 tt Hercules exijlunt, ex adulterio nati Dii. 
 
 Seneca, in Here. (Eteum, ver. 357. 
 
 Illicita amantur ; excidit quidquid licet. 
 
 Ovidius,
 
 SCRIFTtTRAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 389 
 
 Ovidius, Amor. Lib. in. Eleg. IV. 17, 25, 31. 
 Nitimxr m vetitsm femper, 
 
 Sic inter &3is immaut *gcr &<pds. 
 $mdq*ti ferzetm; apnuu megs-, iffaqmefmrem 
 
 I*4ig*crt fact ; jucaf numueffa whptas. 
 
 PTOF. ZJLV11L 20. 
 
 s< He that maketh haftc to be rich, (hall not 
 be innocent. 1 * 
 
 Menander, P. 106. 
 
 'Oolttf vxJutntK r*xfiK 9 Sauu* m. 
 ffmmfum m *yuu drues evafit fit 9, 
 
 LTim. VLo. 
 
 " They that will be rich dl into temptation 
 and a inane &c." 
 
 JuvenaU Sat. XIV. 162. 
 
 Nam ones pi fieri volt, 
 Etd&TndtferL Sedyue reverextia legam? 
 %*is metns a*t fnAfr ef mqmam frvferanfif ?v*ri? 
 
 SOLOMOX'S SONG. 
 
 n. 7 . 
 
 ** I charge you, ye daughters of Jerusalem, that 
 ye awake not my love, &c." 
 
 C c 3 Euripides,
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 Euripides,, Oreft. 136. 
 
 Xw/>m, /AJI 
 
 Ifaiah, XXX. 33. 
 
 " The pile thereof is fire and much wood: the 
 breath of the Lord, like a ftream of brimflone, 
 doth kindle it." 
 
 Homer, 77. $. 522. 
 
 aupuv 
 
 v As"? a'i^Otxwoj*, OEWV Jt' i 
 
 , cumfumus afcendens ad ccelum latum pervenit , 
 Urbe ardente, Deorum autem eum ira excitaft 
 
 DANIEL. 
 
 The book of Daniel hath been attacked by Infi- 
 dels, ancient and modern. It mufl never be given 
 up by any Chriftian; for our Saviour cites Daniel's 
 prophecies, and when he fo often calls himfelf 
 the Sen of man, he plainly alludes to Daniel VII. 
 13> J 4- 
 
 But, may it not be propofed, as a mere fpecu- 
 lation, whether the book of the prophecies of Daniel 
 doth not begin at the J. event h chapter - t and whether 
 the fix foregoing, which are bijlorical, were not 
 
 affixed
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 39! 
 
 ainxed by fbme JevrUh writer, at fbme time, but 
 not long, after the death of the prophet? Our Lord 
 hath not cited any thing from them, nor alluded to 
 any thino r contained in them. 
 
 Indeed, the writer of the.epiftle to the Hebrews, 
 XI. 33. fpeaktng of thofe who flopped the mouths 
 of lions, and quenched the violence of fire, alludes 
 to the ftories of Dand 9 Chap. VI. and of the three 
 Chap. III. 
 
 n. 
 
 NEW TESTAMENT. 
 
 THE writers of the New Teftament follow the 
 {pelting of the LXX. in the name 'I^rvs. 
 
 In all the New Teftament there is not one ex- 
 ample of die D*al number. '** 
 
 Ireoxus, Mo. tLer. c. 25. fays that the Apoftles 
 always cite from the LXX. So fay other Fathers : 
 but the contrary is frequent, and evident. 
 
 MATTHEW, II. 16. 
 " Slew all the children." 
 It mould be, the malt children : rfc TJOK. 
 
 Ver. 20.
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 . Ver. 20. 
 
 Thefe wprds are taken from the LXX. Exod. 
 
 IV. 19. 
 
 Matt. V. 9, 
 
 Theyjhall be called /* children of God. 
 
 : they /hall be. Scott cites from Athe- 
 
 wonder that Scott did not proceed to qbferve that 
 Atheriasus took the expreflion frpm Homer, //. 
 
 r. 138. 
 
 Tw ${ xt 
 
 Ver. 15. 
 
 Menander hath o*av Mxw tdoourw. p. 26. 
 and tifcotra are not only Ionic but /#//V forms of 
 fpeaking, and occur perpetually in Attic writers, 
 and in thofe who imitate them : which is remark- 
 able, becaufe the Attic dialect loves contradtions, 
 and ufually avoids every kind of di<frefis. 
 
 Ver. 28. 
 
 *' Whofoever looketh upon a woman, to luft 
 after her, &c." 
 
 , a mqrried woman, 
 
 Matt. VI. 5. 
 
 f They love to pray {landing, &c." . 
 5 foUnt:" they are accujlomed" 
 
 Ver.
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 393 
 
 Ver. 16. Af*{>r Jftwrpamt. In the fame fecfc 
 Jofephus fays of the frogs which God lent upon the 
 Egyptians ; m ** **r lam mmvt fuvr*s ^$CH, a 
 
 Afterwards he ufes the 
 word in another fenfe : i$*nr* TW 
 
 was fuddenl j removed." 
 
 Matt. VIII. 20. 
 
 Euripides, Andrem. 
 
 Matt. IX. 38. 
 " That he will fend forth labourers, Sec. 
 
 So in the argument to Homer, B. B. xcXuw C 
 . 
 
 f> ;$ 
 
 XL 
 
 This pleonafm, or particular ufe of 
 icems to be found only in the (acred writers. 
 
 XL 30. Mj jtke is eajy. 
 
 Plato, Epi/l. 8. lays the very fame diing: 
 
 Matt. XIH. 13. 
 
 So
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 So in Jifchylus, Pron. 446. Prometheus fays 
 of mankind, before he inftrufted them : 
 
 "Ot tr^tra, /ACV, 
 
 Matt. XVII. 21. 
 This /W 0?/ not out but by prayer andfafting : 
 
 sv irfotrsu^ x) yjirft'a* 
 
 A certain phyfician conje&ured lv wfw%s7 
 wr, ^X continual f aft ing; and a certain divine 
 commended the conjecture. This is not expounding t 
 but expojing the Scriptures. But, to confider the 
 thing grammatically, I can excufe the Phyfician, 
 who, I fuppofe, might be better acquainted with 
 Hippocrates and Aretseus, Ionic writers, than with 
 the Gofpel. I cannot excufe the Divine; who 
 ought to have known, that in the New Teftament 
 there are very few, if any inftances of mere Ionic 
 refactions; and that the Evangelift, if he had ufed 
 the word, would not have faid 7rpo<r%t*> but irfOG-t- 
 ^r. Befides, the cxpreffion itfelf is aukward and 
 ftrange; and I believe it would be hard to produce 
 any example of it. I remember to have feen in 
 Philo, writ O-UV^TJ. 
 
 XXII. 37. Sent unto tbee. 'Aur^ for vtatttrm. So 
 the Hebrews, and the Greeks. See Grotius, and 
 Blackwall, p. 77. 
 
 Menander, p. 22. 
 
 Where
 
 SOUFTURAI. IU.U5TRATI015S. 595 
 
 reC^iubooandniUr^riisdi^toread, 
 oj. However, the Gieeksufe *VTV 
 
 Tlic Adrifis and Ac impcrfrd air c^tea joined with 
 tfac prdent, and have ncarir the lame tecff wkh it; 
 and i**tiftinifj6 mean a ayfam or caatnnuZscm of 
 doing a riling. Thus, 
 
 Homer, IL Z. 523. 
 
 juSu*?, remsttis, or remtUnfUa aa 
 
 AN. 298. 
 
 HE. 148. 
 
 Sec slfb J3L B. 480. O^C A. 353. T. 334-
 
 396 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 MARK, IV. 39. 
 He faid to the fea, Peace ; be Jlill. 
 
 IT4>juo-e : A flrong metaphor. As if we fhould 
 fay in Englifh, " Hold your tongue." The wind 
 will fometimes ceafe on a fudden : but the fea will 
 not be fmopth till fometime after. Therefore the 
 miracle was moll evident, ' 
 
 Mark, IX. 49. 
 For every oncjhall be failed with fire. 
 
 Ilaj y<x,f irvei Ai<2ii<rTai. 
 
 I believe it Should be Ilaj ya.% ?rupivoj, or TU/WC. 
 IJuptvo; is triticeus, with pro; underftood, or irupw. 
 " For every cake, made of wheat, mail be faked, 
 which is offered to God; and every facrifice, &c r " 
 See Levit. II. 13. 
 
 As to fatting with fire, nothing can be made of it.* 
 Scaliger faw the fenfe of the place, but did not hjt 
 upon the emendation. 
 
 Kprov, >tj TfO.vra, tv laurw 
 
 " Philemon Pyrnon vocari tradit fanem con fee- 
 turn e tritico folido, et cujus minime furfur fecretum 
 Jit, quicquid in grano fuit continentem" Athenseus, 
 L.11I. p. 114. 
 
 * See Parkhurft, under 'A>,J^W. 
 
 Mark,
 
 TRAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 397 
 
 Mark, XIL 43. 
 
 Socrates, 
 
 pasrftu TW 
 
 "U. Xenoph. Apx 1. 3. 
 
 <c Socrates, qoom dc fecultaribus exigub cxigua 
 fccra ficeret , nihi lo ie potat minus piagflaic, quam 
 ii, qui dc multis et magnis opibus oiukas ac mag- 
 
 Horace, Lib. III. Od. 23. 17. 
 
 NexfmmptmoJ* tUmdur beJK* 
 Md&it eoerfu fauus 
 
 ctft&aUmuc*. 
 
 So Ovid, de Ponto, HI. Eleg. IV. 79. very de- 
 gaudy: 
 
 Ut defrt vires* tame* cjt U*4amd* vc&atas: 
 
 Hoc ego cemtenSis axgxrwr efe Deis. 
 Bite foot, gtvemutpMtperjmtpfffrfSms 
 mm mima *g*m tm. 
 
 Mark, XIV. 37, &c. 
 
 " Simon flecpeft thou? again he fuukth tbem 
 fleeping. * Then cimc Judas, &c." 
 
 Bonce,
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS* 
 
 Horace, Lib* I. Epift. II. 
 
 Ut jugultnt homines, furgunt de noRe latrones } 
 Ut te ipfttm ferves t non expergifceris ? 
 
 LUKE. 
 
 Some are of opinion that St. Luke's Gofpel was 
 written the firft of the four. 
 
 Chap. II. 33. 
 
 <e *Hy is put for >j<rv, by a fynccpe of the Boeotians. 
 Thus Hefio'd, hhnfelf a Boeotian, ufes it : 
 
 T^ ^' ? r^ x$aAai. J * Blackwell, p. 90. 
 
 So fays Guietus alfo on Hefiod. But this is by 
 nd means certain. v Hv in Hefiod may be the third 
 perfon fingular, which fornetimes agrees with plural 
 nominatives of all genders. 
 
 So Hefiod, eoy. 825. 
 
 'Hv sxaTcii y.<paXat o^t*, otiwo 
 
 If thus we take w in St. Luke, the expreffion will not 
 be harfher than thefe; "Eov oTiVj rp^so-i. 'Owe - 
 
 (ru/x.7ro(rjaj/ 
 
 See NwveBt Methode, p. 411. The fame may 
 be fcid of Matt. XXVII. 61. 
 
 Luke,
 
 SCRIPTLTIAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Luke, XL 3. 
 Da&j lread\ Irtsriw. 
 
 *H rtwrjt is the morrow: as in Euripides, * V*r 
 K$ 0sv, is luxpoftera. Med. 352. 
 
 ITIXTIOS is " Bread, which may fuffice from 
 today till to- morrow; from the fixth, ninth, twelfth 
 hourof the prefentday, to thefame hour of the next:* 
 that is, food for twenty-four hours, for one day. 
 This expofition therefore doth not difagree widi 
 our Saviour's precept, to " take no thought for 
 ' the morrow :" and it is, I think, the bell of aay 
 which have been offered. 
 
 Jerome, on Matt. VL n. fays, " In evangelio, 
 quod appellatur, fecundum Hebrseos, proyir^iT/i^- 
 Jlantiali pane, reperi inc, macbar* quod diciiur 
 craftiwm : ut fit fenfus, pattern neftrum crcfliKMm (id 
 eft,/*/Krirr,) da nobis bodie" 
 
 Other ancient verfions ufe words, which anfwsr 
 to crajtiiuts 9 orfutttrus. 
 
 XIII. 29. From the nertb. Bcp^T: which is the 
 Doric dialect " 
 
 XIV. 13. Wbatboumakejlefeajt, taHtbepotr, 
 &c. 
 
 Pkto, Pb*dr. p. 233. 
 
 Pliny,
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 Pliny, Lib. IX. Epift. 30. ad Geminium. 
 
 " Volo enim eum, qui fit verc liberalis, tribuerc 
 patrize, propinquis, adfinibus, amicis, fed ami- 
 cis dico pauperibus: non ut ifti, qui iis potiflimuni 
 donant, qui donare maxime poflunt. Hos ego 
 vifcatis hamatifque muneribus, non fua promere puto, 
 fed aliena corripere. Sunt ingenio fimili, qui quod 
 huic donant, auferunt illi ; famamque liberalitatis 
 avaritia petunt, &c.'* 
 
 The world is feldom found averfe to give, where 
 giving is convertible into gain. 
 
 Martial, Lib. VI. Epigr. LXIII. 5. 
 
 Munera magnet tamen mi/it, fed mijit in bamo : 
 Et pf cat or em pifcis atnare poteft ? 
 
 Luke XIV. 15. 
 
 *0f Qet'ytTou. Qui manducabit. 
 " Potefl accipi, qui manducat, &c." Erafmus. 
 
 " Erafmus was deceived, when he denieth <p3/- 
 p*i to be ufed in the future ; and in the fame place 
 he holdeth that (paj/e^*, rV*> he prefent, not 
 future; whereas they are future only, and not 
 prefent." Laur. Humphrey. See Strype's Life of 
 Parker, Append, p. 142. 
 
 Ver. 23. Compel tbem :
 
 SCfclPTITRAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 401 
 
 ) a word rather ftronger than tuay*tig*&ju, 
 is thus ufcd, in the moral fenfe of Compulsion, twice 
 by Jofephus, at the beginning of his Antiquities. 
 
 XXIII. 15. Nothing wortbj of deatb it done unto 
 him. 
 
 The old interpreters agree with our translation, 
 and Grotius and Whitby approve that fenfe. Yet 
 it Ihould feem more natural to render it, "I have 
 found no fault, and behold (in the opinion of He- 
 rod alfo) nothing worthy of death hath been done 
 ly tnm :" *E$-1 xtr/vx^um oara. 
 
 XXIV. II. *U$Znrx* -r faara. 
 
 It is a general rule, that neuters plural govern 
 verbs Singular. But there are exceptions, as in this 
 paflage before us; Mat. VI. 26. X. 21. Mark 
 V. 13. XIII. 12. John X. 8. Revel. XXI. 4. 
 Genefis XLVIII. 6. in the LXX. and Zechariah 
 XIII. 7. in the Alexandrian MS. of the LXX. 
 
 So in Homer, fl. T. 29. 
 
 XXIV. 18. Art tbou only a fr anger, &c. 
 Thus Cicero, pro Milone, 12. 
 
 An vosfoK ignoratis, vos kofpites in hoc urbe verfa- 
 mni ? "jfftr* peregrinantur aurcs, neque in hoc ftroa- 
 gato cii-itatis fermone verfamtur .* 
 
 VOL. I. D d JOHN
 
 402 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 JOHN I. T. 
 
 tfbe word was God. 0^? %v o Ao'yo;. 
 
 It is difficult to tranflate this, becaufe our lan- 
 guage doth not diftinguifli between ?, and o sc?. 
 Thedifferencebetween then! is obferved by Origen, 
 Clemens Alexandrinus, and others. 
 
 This text Julian had in view, when he faid, 
 " Neither Paul, nor Matthew,'nor Luke, nor Mark 
 prefu.med to call Chrift God ; but only honeft 
 
 JoHN." Tci/ yy.^ 'iwzv XT* IlauAo; lro\pr,<Tfv lilfM tv, 
 Jfrf MotT$auo(j STE Aaxaj, sre Manxes, aXX* o XP" r ^ 
 
 'Wvnif. This fliews the injudicioufnefs of thofe 
 Socinians, who would change the place, and 
 read, w o ?voj/o;. 
 
 Ver. 3. All things were made by him. K KVTX. 
 
 That }** denotes not the firft, but the fecond 
 and fubordinate caufe, is the obfervation of Ori- 
 gen, Eufebius, and others. 
 
 Ver. 1 6. Xa'^jv ayn ^a'^To?. 
 
 "So Theognis yr' di/iuv *y/^;. Calamities ufon 
 calamities-" lays Blackwell, p. 27. 
 
 He miftakcs Theognis, in whom VT means 
 in/lead of. There is in the words of that poet an 
 unexpected turn, which the Greeks call gg a
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 403 
 
 &KVTV, and a fort of witticifin, " O, Jupiter, fays 
 he, thou haft given me evils enow : give me fonie 
 good, by way of compenfauon. D> not beftow 
 upon me, im Hat if Ibnows fonows again." 
 
 a Zev tbssi* p*. 'OA^cre xmtftff ^w, 
 A*5 j /CM flori JUKBwr J^ T z-aSor efaAit. 
 Tcfcw / ! pir xax^ jytreytz p^c/o^ 
 
 Theogn. Ver. 341. 
 
 JOHN I. Ver. 4. 
 At a certain feafnt. Kara xoupoi. 
 That is, once tyear, fays Tertullian, p. 258. 
 
 XVI. 13. 
 
 He, tbe Jpirit of truth. *EzsW; ri 
 *EXWK (hews that Ibevoa is a perfon, not 
 
 .- and die confbruoion is like that, which the 
 grammarians call x*ra T r^uu^eM, of which 
 many writers have given many examples. I (hall 
 produce a few, which 1 have not borrowed from the 
 remarks of others: 
 
 Jofephus, I. p. 137- Ed. Haverc. 
 
 Mfra^ Jl anZs 
 laA<M oo, ! s r yrcr 
 
 D d 2 " lirfrr
 
 404 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 tf Inter Lycbnucbum autem et menfam, interim, 
 poftta fiabat ara fuffitus y e ligno quidem, unde et prior a 
 faff a Junt inftrt^menta" 
 
 SU'AJVOV, l . The relative * agrees not with U'A- 
 vw: how can it? but with uAov, which is under- 
 ftood. Cocceius here for gfawv would read V'AW, 
 which is not at all neceffary. 
 
 Hefiod, Ao-zir. 115. 
 
 agrees with 'HpaxAris underftood. 
 
 So Ovid, Fafi. IV. 799. 
 
 An magis bunc morem pietas Mne'ia fecit, 
 Innocuum vifto cut dedit ignis iter? 
 
 Where I would not advife any one to be tempted 
 to read 
 
 Innocuum vi&or cut dedit ignis iter ; 
 though it may look plaufible. 
 
 Horace, Serm. II. i. 72. 
 
 Virtus Scipiad< et mitis fapientia L<sli 
 Nugari cum illo-*- foliti. 
 
 JOHN XX. 28. 
 
 ) o 
 
 Erafmus
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 405 
 
 Erafmus fays, " Thomas, ubi vidiffet, et con- 
 treffa/et, Sec." 
 
 But it appears not from the words of St. John, 
 that Thomas accepted the offer made to him by 
 our Lord, and bandied his body. It feems moft 
 probable that he did net. 
 
 ACTS, XII. 19. 
 
 Herod commanded the keepers avagSisKu, to 
 be put to death. 
 
 Erafmus, in his New Teftament, doubts whether 
 they were put to death, or only fent to prifon. In 
 his Paraphrafe, he affirms that they were only 
 imprifontdt and that they efcaped Herod's rage. 
 Some learned men are of the contrary opinion. 
 
 ACTS, XIX. 35. 
 
 " Cum fcriba filentium impetr^flet dixit 
 Alexander: Yiri, &c." ERASMUS. 
 
 The word Alexander mould be ftruck out ; for 
 it was not Alexander, but the Town-clerk, who 
 fpake to the people. 
 
 ACTS, XX. 13. 
 
 " Per terram iter fa&unis." On which Erafmus 
 
 obferves, " Pfdeftri itinere I'fnturus, five pcdibus 
 
 D d 3 iur
 
 406 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 iter fa&urus. Interpres vitafle videtur ne quis 
 Paulum exiftimaret, non equis aut vehiculis, fed 
 pedibus eo venifle. Atqui hoc ipfum accedebat 
 ad Pauli gloriam, quod mallet iter laboriofius 
 modo majore cum frudtu." 
 
 The old interpreter tranflated it right. In our 
 verfion it is to go afoot : It mould be, to go by land. 
 Htfrijiiv means to go by land ; whether on foot, or 
 on horfeback, or in a waggon, it matters not. 
 
 Cicero, ad Atticum. Epift. X. 4. " Me tamen 
 confilio juya, pedibufnc Rhegium, an hinc ftatim 
 in navem." Where fee Graving. 
 
 ROM. XIII. 3. 
 
 Riders are not a terror to good works, &c. 
 Menander, p. 132. 
 
 I. COR. V. 5. 
 
 To deliver fucb an one to Satan. 
 
 Hammond mentions the difeafes and torments 
 which they endured, who were delivered to Satan; 
 and adds, that there was fomething like this 
 amongft the Effenes, according to the relation given 
 by Jofephus. 
 
 To this Le Clerc replies, " What Jofephus 
 relates concerning the Eflenes may be underftood 
 to mean that the excommunicated EiTcne died of 
 
 grief,
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS. 407 
 
 grief, and not by the mxraccJous eHeS: of the 
 excommunication : although, if Jofpfaa had be- 
 lieved this miracle, nothing would oblige ms so 
 give him credit."' 
 
 Now it is evident, that neither of theie commen- 
 tators had confuhed Jofephnts with any attention. 
 It appears from his relation of the affair, that thefc 
 excommunicated perfons died neither of grief, nor 
 of diftempers praecernaturally inflicled ; bar fneirly 
 for want of food, and were (burred to death, 
 becaufc they did not dare to break the fo-ema ooia 
 which they had taken, mat to eat vwtk ether people. 
 
 fu ejUmmti ifqme ad ccmtagit e C&SM ef,ui y mum rer 
 matrm Mt msfernmamf. ^cm ]vreas&B3:s ft rstiims 
 flSgttui, mi*em pa&ms cfds mts fetefijfl'&m 
 bersf&s ceme&t, cerpsujame tabefut* mtyu it* tmUril. 
 Belt Jud. II. in. 
 
 VI. ii. Teerewtfrtl. 
 
 : " ye have warned yourieires. 
 
 A 
 
 aaEcd. B52L TaL I. p. ito. 
 
 D d 4 L COR.
 
 408 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 I. COR. XII. 21. And the eye cannot fay to the 
 hand, I have no need of tbee. 
 
 Seneca, de Ira, II. 31. " Quid fi nocere velint 
 manus pedibus ? manibus oculi ? ut omnia inter fe 
 membra confentiunt, quia fingula fervari totius 
 intereft; ita homines fmgulis parcent, quia ad 
 coelum geniti fumus. Salva autem efle focietas 
 nifi amore et cuftodia partium non poteft." 
 
 Ver. 2 6. Whether one member fuffer, &c. 
 
 One would almoft think that St. Paul had in his 
 mind the words of Plato ; who fays, 
 
 TTS r,|uwv jaxTuAo; TV TtXifyYi, 7rot(r<x, j xotvuvfa, n 
 
 7rei"5<ravTos oArj. Z)^ Repub. V. 462. 
 
 I. COR. XV. 32. L<?/ j ftf/ and drink, &c. 
 
 Philemon, p. 362. 
 
 J Ej "yoip A'xatos KowrtSii? ^8<rjt ?v, 
 'Apra^' ctTrtXQuv, xAtTrT aTTOfipsj, xJxa, &C. 
 
 But St. Paul doth not carry it fo far. He fays, 
 " Let us enjoy ourfelves:" he fays not, " Let us 
 be rafcals." 
 
 GALAT. V. 12. 
 
 cut off. 
 
 Inflead
 
 Tnftrad of making remarks on FrafmiiJt aiv^ other 
 Commentators, I (hall only obferre in three woods, 
 that **w\mU* may be taken in the 
 fenfe: Utsmam k etifm abjddcrnt* 
 
 " I wtth thefe dratmdfers would alfb / 
 ytfc*/ pclr cffrom your coojmuDJon ; and leave the 
 Chriftian Church, where they do more harm than 
 good to themfelTes, and to others. 9 
 
 A learned friend (hewed me the fime interpreta- 
 tion, proposed in fbme foreign joumaL 
 
 yaier Ac hcai IXIIICATIOX, daes Gcotp. IL 32. 
 
 :.:...,:. :..
 
 410 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 J. TIM. I. 6. 
 
 On this text Erafmus gives an excellent fpe- 
 cimen of the queftions agitated and determined by 
 the fchoolmen. 
 
 " Invanikqu'mm. Quantum ad pronunciationem 
 attinet, Maixologia non multum abeft a Theolo- 
 gia, &c." SeelLife of Erafmus', Vol. II. p. 218. 
 
 Such is the ' fcholajlic theology ; and fuch are the 
 fchool-men, whom Erafmus held in contempt ; 
 
 ' Idem eft ae fi dixiflet Apoftolus, Vellcmvt ettam OOLORIS ALIQ.UID 
 JATERENTUR ut FLERENT. Vera enim ra x.oTrrtySat fignificatio eft 
 Jeipfum free dolore vcrberare fa/ma tundcre. Optime Hcfychius : 'AwoxoTn?- 
 ca.pim t rE^oxo7r!7/ixE>y/, airoxo^a^itvrj. Similiter Euripides,! ROAD. 623. 
 
 Hue redeunt ilia Horatiana, quonim prius a Fault locutione non longe 
 Aftat. II. Sat. I. 45. 
 
 $ui me commorit (melius non tangereclamo) 
 FLEBIT. Vid. etiam ver. 69. EC ha alii. 
 
 Sed hare hadlenus. Nunc ad locum Virgilii, unde egreflus fum, redeo. 
 Sic igitur mihi videtur legendus: 
 
 Etfffi alteriu s ramos SE imfune vidimus 
 VERT ERE m alterius. - 
 Idem frtmoaten certiflime excidit ab ^En. II. 235. 
 
 Accingunt omnes open, 
 
 Lege Accingitnt SE. Ut przeteream TEn. I. 210, ubi habemus ///'/' SB 
 frttdte ACCINGUNT, quis nefcit voces accingi, armari, et fimilia, fepius 
 ab optimis fcriptoribus ufurpari in media voc'u fignificatione; ut TO cTrfaQfftieu 
 Grzcorum ? Vid. Tibull. IV. i. I79 . 
 
 Eft equidem ubi media -vex invenitur, fine fronimiae : ut, Lucret. II. 1041. 
 
 Ji ttbt "jera -viJeiur, 
 Dede mar.us. ; out, Jifalja eft, ACCINCERE contra, 
 
 but
 
 SCMPTIFfcAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 bat who ftfll hive their friends and admirers. 
 For it is not to be expected that myftical or coe- 
 taph yfical jargon fhou!d ever go quote oat of fa- 
 fluoo. It is a trade, which a man may let op at 
 a. fiall expence. 
 
 JIL 16. 
 
 I.,. ;: , ,.-;-.. - 
 
 ** Iffihi fobokt Dam addition fbific adrcrfos 
 keictkos Arianos, &c." Erefmxs. 
 
 The true reading (cans to be, 
 
 &c. Uyvd:" That which was 
 
 &C." 
 
 IL TIM. IV. 16. 
 
 , fa eU aa farfa* 
 
 Strong as the expreffion is, jet k may pcilupa 
 mean, " Very few flood with me." For it k a 
 ^yni way of (peaking, and of die figurative 
 kind. Thus 
 
 AndfoJa^lIL 32. No mam nxeaxtb Ks iff 
 tommy z that is. ** Few there are who receive 
 
 Hzz.
 
 412 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS, 
 
 HEB. XI. 37. 
 *Ev pjXulai;, &c. In fiecp-Jkins. 
 
 A French Dominican, who hath written a book 
 on the antiquities of the mono/lie ftate, hath made 
 fome remarks on the note of Erafmus upon this 
 verfe. 
 
 He obferves, that <f a badger is called melcs, or 
 melis, and fometimcs taxus by Latin writers :" But 
 the word taxus y in this fenfe, feems to be of re- 
 cent date. See Harduin's Pliny, I, 462, and 
 M. Erudit. XXI. 73. 
 
 II. PETER, I. 16, 19, 
 
 " We were eye-witneffes of his Majefty. For 
 " he received from God the Father honour and 
 * t glory, when there came fuch a voice to him 
 * c from the excellent glory, 'This is my beloved 
 te Son, in whom I am well pleafed. And this voice 
 " which came from heaven we heard, when we 
 " were with him in the Holy Mount, We have 
 * e alfo a more fur e word of Prophecy " 
 
 Kan i %o[ji.sv CsSaio/f pov 7ov Trpofy'nliKOv Ao)^o. 
 
 And we have the prophetic word more confirmed* 
 
 This teftimony God gave to his Son twice : 
 Once at his baptifm (Matt. III. 13. Mark I. n. 
 
 Luke
 
 SCRIPTURAL ItttTST RATIONS. 
 
 Luke III. 22.) and once again at his transfigur- 
 ation : This is my Moved &, in wkom I am -zcdl 
 pluJM: btarjebim. Matt. XVtt. 5. Mark IX. 7. 
 Luke IX. 35. 
 
 Sc Peter probably alludes to both thefe tefK- 
 moaics; but certainly, and more particularly, to 
 the latter ; for he was prefent, and beard it. 
 
 What is die fnpbetk fTord'm St. Peter ? I %, 
 k means in general every prophecy in the Old 
 Teflament relating to Chrift, but more peculi- 
 arly thefe three prophecies : 
 
 L ff Behold my Servant, whom I uphold; 
 mine Eled:, in whom my foul deUghteth. I have 
 put my fpirit upon him, &c." Uaiah, XLIL i. 
 
 St. Matthew cites it thus, XII. iS. 
 
 " Behold my Servant, whom I have chofen ; 
 my Beloved, in whom, my foul is well plcafed." 
 
 II. " The Lord God will raife up unto thee 
 a Prophet, . Uke unto, me : Unto him fhall ye 
 hearken." Deut, XVIII. 15. 
 
 HI. " The Lord hath (aid unto me, Thou 
 act my Son; this day have I begotten thee.'* 
 PfalnxIL.7. 
 
 This
 
 414 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS; 
 
 This is the irpo^xof AO^OJ, tbe prophetic 
 which, according to St. Peter, was not clear be- 
 fore the coming of Chrift, becaufe before his 
 coming it was not known who the .perfon was, of 
 whom it was fpoken ; but which was fully con- 
 firmed, and applied to Chrift by the heavenly voice: 
 So that there was no room left to doubt of its ap- 
 plication and accompliftiment. 
 
 I. JOHN, V. 7. 
 
 Tpj flriv 01 /AapIupsvTfy Iv TW Jpavw, o IIa7|>, o 
 xai TO aywv IL/fuua. xai *TO ot rpiiV 
 
 This text of /^^ /^r^ wltmffes In Heaven, was 
 omitted by Erafmus in his firft and fecond edi- 
 tion ; but inferted afterwards, upon the authority 
 of one MS, which is called by him Codex Britan- 
 nkus. But Erafmus fufpected that this MS had 
 been accommodated by the tranfcriber to the La- 
 tin verfion. 
 
 This Codex Britannicus, which is the Codex Mont- 
 fortii, and the Manufcript of Diiblin, hath the paf- 
 fage in the following manner; as I have tran- 
 fcribed it from a manufcript letter of John Ycard, 
 Dean of Killala, written Auguft 5, 1720, to the 
 Bilhop of Meath, and fent by the Bifliop to Dr. 
 
 S. Clarke.
 
 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 415 
 
 5. Clarke. It is in the hands of Mr. E:nlyn.* 
 [Ver. 6, 7, 8, 9.] 
 
 fT"* T 
 
 a TH w, f 
 Kai 3w i TK , o r. Kl Tr; !* o* arnoavT a 
 
 Concerning this contefted paflkge, fee Erafmus, 
 nd Wetftein on the place ; and Wetft. Prolegom. 
 p. 52, 182. T. Emlyn's works, VoL U. Two 
 Letters of Sir I. Newton, printed in 1754. Le 
 Clerc's Bibl. A. and M. XVIII. p. 404. and 
 Mr. De Mifly's Remarks on Dr. Mary's Journal, 
 Tom. VIII. 194. Torn. IX. 66. Tom. XV. 
 148- 
 
 Simon, in his Dijprt. frit, fur Zfj .MW. dm 
 N. T. hath confuted the filly arguments of Ar- 
 nauld in defence of this text. This Arnauld had 
 the good luck to be cried up by a party, and to 
 be efteemed far beyond his literary merits, as is 
 ufual on fuch occafions. 
 
 * Tike* fmn Dt. JOTI*'* life of Enfiw, fMi**. im. 1760. 
 VL IL p. z>6. 
 
 7 Mactairc,
 
 416 SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS, 
 
 Mattaire in his Annal. Typ. hath alfo defended 
 this text ; but he fays nothing that deferves the 
 leaft notice or regard. Longereu compofed a 
 differtation, to fhew that this paflage is fpurious. 
 Whether he publiihed it I know not. 
 
 
 STRICTURES
 
 ( 417 ) 
 
 STRICTURES 
 
 ARTICLES, SUBSCRIPTIONS, 
 TESTS, &c. 
 
 SUBSCRIPTION to the Articles, Laturgy, &c. 
 in a rigid fenfe, is a confent to them all in gene- 
 ral, and to every propofition contained in them ; 
 according to the intention of the compilers, when 
 that can be known ; and according to the ob- 
 vious, natural, ufual fignification of the words. 
 
 Subfcription, in a fecond fenfe, is a confent to 
 them in a meaning, which is not always confid- 
 ent with the intention of the compilers, nor with 
 the more ufuai fignification of the words ; bat is 
 
 VOL. I. Ee confident
 
 418 STRICTURES ON THE 
 
 confiftent with thofe paflages of Scripture which 
 the compilers had in view. 
 
 Subfcription, in a third fenfe, is an aflent to- 
 
 them, as to articles of peace and uniformity ; by 
 
 which we fo far fubmit to them, as not to raife 
 
 difturbances about them, and fet the people 
 
 ^'againft them. 
 
 Subfcription, in a fourth fenfe, is an aflent to 
 them, as far as they are confiftent with the Scrip- 
 tures, and with themfelves ; and no farther. 
 
 In favour of fubfcribing in a laxer fenfe, the 
 following reafons have been alledged : 
 
 1. Our church admits perfons to baptifm, upon 
 an aflent to the Apoftle's Creed ; and ufeth only 
 that Creed in the Catechifm, and in the Vifitation 
 of the Sick. 
 
 2. She declares that the Scripture is the only 
 Rule of Faith. 
 
 3. She owns herfelf to be fallible. 
 
 4. Some illuftrious divines of our communion 
 have made declarations, which neceflarily imply a 
 diflike of certain things contained in the Liturgy, 
 or Articles ; and yet never were cenfurcd for it, 
 
 i by
 
 'ARTICLES, sTrascaiPTiosis, &c. 419 
 
 br pobiic auilnKkj : as Chiilmgwcrth, Hda, 
 Taylor, Hammond, Tillodbn, Soltiagflcet, 
 
 : ;.;.. ..-.:.;. 
 
 j. TDOC are propofioons contained m our 
 Utorgy and Ankles, winch no man of common. 
 lenfc amongst us believes. No one believes that 
 all die members of the Greek church are tfamimfo 
 becaoie they admit not the procemon of the Hoi y 
 Ghoftfiom the Son: Yet the A? hanafian Cngd, 
 according co the ufoal and obvious feale of the 
 voids, trachcdi this. No one believes 
 ob%<edtokeepthe&lte&Day: 
 fiii&ly nuerprKed, IBOJLHSICS i* 
 
 6. It is evident, beyond a dodbt, that the 
 whole body of the Ckrgj, and of the kane 
 Laity, depait, feme more, iome Ids, firom the 
 retigjioos opinions of their anceftors in the days 
 when die Articles were efesbHiifhed by Jaw, and 
 firom die rigid and literal ienle of them. This 
 imiverial coofeot of a nation, to deviate thus in 
 iome points from the old do&rines, anioiots tt> 
 an abrogadcjn of fbch rigid ii3teirpratioos of dse 
 Artkles , sad to a perciijon of a bicbade i 
 
 If we will not allow thos moch, we WK&. (up- 
 
 pole that in an age, sad an age not perhaps the 
 
 moft learned, an Aflembry of fallible men may 
 
 E e a
 
 420 STRICTURES ON THE 
 
 determine concerning all points of faith and prac- 
 tice for themfelves, and for their heirs ; and en- 
 tail bondage and darknefs, worfe than ./Egyptian, 
 upon their pofterity for ever and ever. 
 
 They who fubfcribe in a loofer fenfe, would be 
 obliged to declare it, if any perfon had 'a right to- 
 demand it, and to judge of it. But, fmce no fuch 
 authority is veiled in any perfon, it would be to 
 no purpofe to fay in what fenfe we receive the Ar- 
 ticles. It would only give an handle to fome op- 
 preffors to ufe a power, which they could not 
 exercife without great iniquity ; fmce they them- 
 felves either took fome latitude in interpreting 
 the Articles, when they fubfcribed to them ; or 
 fwallowed them with an implicit faith, and with- 
 out any clear notions about them. 
 
 Subfcriptions and Tefts are fuppofed to be ad- 
 mirable methods to keep out the heterodox. But 
 what faid the philofopher to the jealous hulband ? 
 " Thou mayeft bar thy windows, and lock thy 
 doors ; but a cat and a whoremafter will find the 
 way in." \^ . 
 
 Antemti aut wdigenti difficile eft n&il. 
 
 Hooker
 
 ARTICLES, SITBSCHfrTIONS, &C. 
 
 Hooker is of opinion, -" That cawil goTcra- 
 mcnt arifeth from compact and confeat, and is of 
 human inftkution ; that arbitrary empire is good 
 for nodiing j and he wefl observes, that To Eve 
 ly OK mats sri3, a the amjc of ail mats mi/aj." 
 B. L p. 21. 
 
 Bat, when he talks of theutflky of Gttrrtl Com- 
 ab, he (eems not to be TbeJuEdoms Hooker. la 
 deputing widi the madcks of his own time, he 
 is TCTT rational and fkilful : but as to antient Ec- 
 defiaftical Hiflory, he had a ibperficial notion of 
 it. and mas not emancipated from the commoa 
 prejudices of his times. What can you expofik 
 from General Coundb ? 
 
 As to Articles of faith, we want no general or 
 narinnal council to tell os, that our Lord is the 
 Chrift, the only-begotten Son of God ; and that 
 we ought to acquaint ourfekes with his Gofpd, 
 and to lire foberly , lighieoufly, and godly ; ex- 
 pecting a reiurredioa, and a future judgmenr. As 
 to matters of ^ja^m, there are in all Chriftian 
 nations ecclehailical courts, furniihed with as 
 much jurilojcbon as is necefikry, and with more 
 than is ufuaUy employed to any good purpofe. 
 
 I e ;
 
 422 STRICTURES ON THE 
 
 The Bifhops and Divines of the Council of 
 Trent were greatly perplexed and divided in 
 their fentiments concerning Original Sin and Jufti- 
 fication : yet none of them had the fenfe, or the 
 cpurage, to draw the manifeft inference ; f( That 
 fuch points fhould be left undecided, and^every 
 Chriftian at liberty to form his own judgment 
 about them." 
 
 The myfterious and incomprehenfible nature of 
 / Divine Prefcience, as it is declared to be in the 
 Holy Scriptures, affords us a convincing proof of 
 human liberty, or free agency. For, if man were 
 doomed and predeftinated by God's eternal De- 
 crees, and impelled by a fatal neceflity to good 
 or evil, there would be nothing fo utterly incon- 
 ceivable in this Fore-knowledge. Far from it : If 
 God hath fixed the future behaviour of men, and 
 tied it with an adamantine chain, which nothing 
 can pull afunder, it is eafy to conceive that he 
 muft know his own^appointments ; even as a 
 'ikilful artift, when heKath^made a movement, 
 and fet it a going, knows how it -will work, and 
 when it will flop. It is our free choice, our li- 
 berty of acting, which creates the difficulty to our 
 conception, and makes the divine forefight unfa- 
 thomable by the human underilanding. 
 
 The
 
 ARTICLES, SUBSCRIPTIONS, &C. 423 
 
 The Church of Eagland makes no Articles of 
 Faith, but fjch as have the teftimony of the 
 whole Chriftian world : In other things flie re- 
 quires Subfcription to them, nofas Articles of Faith, 
 but as inferior truths, to which fhe expects a fub- 
 mrflion, in order to her peace and tranquillity. 
 So the late learned Lord Primate of Ireland 
 (Bramhall) ofcea expreficth the fenfe of the 
 Church of England, as "to her Thirty-nine Arti- 
 cles. " Neither doth the Church of England,*' 
 faith he, f< define any of thefe qiielrjons, as ne- 
 " cefTary to be believed, either necejptatc medii, or 
 " nccfjptatc pr<fcepti, which is much lefs; but 
 ce only bindeth her Tons, for peace fake, not to 
 " oppofe them," And in other places, more 
 fully: " We do not fuffer any man to reject the 
 lf Thirty-nine Articles at his pleafure; yet nei- 
 " ther do we look upon them as effentials of (av- 
 " ing faith, or legacies of Chrifl and his Apof- 
 " ties; but, in a Mean, as pious opinions, fitted 
 (C for the prefervation of unity. Neither do we 
 " oblige any man to believe them, but only not 
 " to contradict them." See STILLINGFLEET, 
 Grounds of Proteflant Religion. Vol. IV. p. 53. 
 
 e 4
 
 424 STRICTURES ON THE 
 
 " It is a fad thing, fays Biftiop Bull, to fee 
 " an ignorant Mechanick prefer his own fmall 
 " wifdom before the wifdom of the whole Church 
 f wherein he lives ; and dare to tax the moft de- 
 " liberate and advifed fancYions and conftitutions 
 " of the learned and holy Fathers of it of impru- 
 " dence and folly." Serm. V. Vol. I. p. 213. 
 
 A Proteftant Divine fhould take care how he 
 handles this fubject. A Biihop of the RomiJJ) 
 Church would have faid the fame thing of a re- 
 formed mechanick, who fhould have prefumed to 
 flight the Decrees of Popes and Councils. This 
 terminates at laft in the doctrine of implicit faith, 
 and blind obedience. Tendimus in Latium. 
 
 What St. Paul and other Apoflles pronounce 
 againft the kereticks of their time, is not to be 
 applied to all thofe, who in thefe later ages err 
 in matters of faith. They neither defpife the 
 Apoflles, nor reject the Gofpel : nor do they 
 ufually feem to be feduced from the right way 
 by views of honour or of profit. Many of them 
 might fay to the church, as ^Eneas to Dido, 
 
 Invitus, regina, tup de lit tore cejfi* 
 
 Dr.
 
 ARTICLES, SUBSCRIPTIONS, &C. 425 
 
 ysi- c f^. v ' : 
 
 Dr. Wateriand, m one of his books of Con- 
 troverfy, diofe for his motto, from ACTS IX. 5. 
 
 cc T Sf /* r 
 
 2 am jfjuSy Wlvm tvom 
 
 To which his antagonift replied, from I. PET, 
 II. 23. 
 
 
 
 bcw*s rtuM, revfrj* qai*." 
 
 There is a propofition contained in our Arti- 
 cles, which I do not remember to have ieen dil- 
 cufled by any writer upon that fubject ; which, 
 I believe, few of the Subfcribers ever examined ; 
 but which, I think, every one may fafely receive 
 with implicit faith. It is this : 
 
 < 
 tl The Churches of Hierufalem t Alexandria, 
 
 find Antiocb, have erred." AJLT. XLX* 
 
 Dr. Cpurayer defended the regularity and va- 
 lidity of our OrdinafiMis ; and we are obliged to 
 
 him
 
 426 STRICTURES ON THE 
 
 him for doing us juftice in that point.* But, af- 
 ter all, it is a queftion of no importance \ for the 
 confent of a Chriftian nation makes all ads of that 
 kind good and valid. 
 
 Barrow, in his Opufeula, endeavours to mol- 
 lify the damnatory claufes in the Athanafian 
 Creed. He fays that " they condemn only thofe, 
 who, againft the conviction of their own con- 
 fcience, reject the doctrine of the Trinity laid 
 down in that Creed." I am glad to hear it ; for 
 no perfon, I believe, can eafily be guilty of fuch 
 a fault. 
 
 * Of this celebrated and excellent man, concerning whom too 
 much can hardly be faid by the friends of that moderation, cha- 
 rity? good temper, and found learning, for which he was re- 
 markable } See what is faid in the " Anecdotes of Bowyer," 
 p. 83, 544; and ." The Epiflolary Correfpondence, &c. of Bifliop 
 Atterbury," published by Mr. Nichols, 1787, Vol. IV. p. 103. 
 He died October 17, 1776, after two days' illnefs, at the great 
 
 age of 95, The writer of this note perfectly remembers, that 
 
 about a fhort time before the event, he dined in a family party at 
 Baling, where the venerable Doftor was prefent. He began and 
 ate as he Jiked $ but upon the remove, and a frefh fupply of what 
 Lord Chefterfield ufed to call kitchen fluff and cellar fluff, the lady . 
 of the houfe afked the fage, what me fhould help him to. " Oh, 
 pardon me, Madame, (faid he) and do not tax an old man with 
 profanenefs, when I allure you, that feldom in my life have I 
 trufted to providence for afecoad-aurfe." 
 
 The
 
 ARTICLES, SUBSCRIPTIONS, &C. 427 
 
 The Sacrament of the Lord's Supper is a pub- 
 lic religious action, rite, or ceremony, in " Com- 
 memoration of the death of Chrift, and of the be- 
 nefits which we receive thereby." Every thing 
 advanced concerning it, beyond and befides this, 
 is precarious and far-fetched. 
 
 When it is confidered what advantages we re- 
 ceive from the fufferings of our Lord, it feems 
 improper to commemorate his beneficial death 
 with mourning and fading : and when it is con- 
 fidered how much he fufFered, it feems as impro- 
 per to commemorate his death by a feaft, or a 
 banquet. 
 
 This ceremony, therefore, is neither a feaft, 
 nor a f aft ; but fomething between both. It is a 
 fhort, fober, frugal repalt, on a piece of bread, 
 and a draught of wine. 
 
 CURSORY
 
 ( 4*3 ) 
 
 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 I have fome doubt whether not*, for notes, is good Latin : 
 {Jut fince notare means to obferve, why fhould not not<c 
 mean Qbferuations, Notts, Remarks? 
 
 THE Nile is called by the Greeks Mc'Xar, by the 
 Hebrews Shih or, Niger. Paufanias fays, that the 
 images of all the River-Gods were made of white 
 font, except that of the Nile, which was of blaek, 
 Porphyry obferves, that the flames of the Gods 
 were often made of black marble, to denote the 
 inconfpicuous nature of the Deity. IIoXAot f u 
 
 xat fAt\Kvt Ai9w1o a(pVf 'u1s 1r;f (Tiaf UjiAaxrai/, Sec 
 
 Eufebius, Prsp. Evang. III. 7. P. 98. 
 
 The Abbe Couture, in his Differtation on the 
 Fafti, in the Mem. de VAcad. T. II. 89.. fays, 
 " Lucan, fpeaking of himfelf, after the manner of 
 
 the
 
 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS, 249 
 
 the Poets, that is, with great felf-fiifnciency, 
 
 Nee mems Exfai vacatmr Foft&us ouuu. 
 
 Now, if he had looked carefully intoLucan, X. 
 187. he might have found, that they are not the 
 words of the Poet, but of JtJas Cejori who was the 
 Reformer of the Roman Year, and might (peak 
 thus, without arrogance. 
 
 I do not remember to hare feen in any Author 
 die time mentioned, when the Ohmp'x Gomes, and 
 other games of the fame kind in other places;, 
 ceaied to be celebrated.* 
 
 In order to be chofen one of the fix principal 
 magiftraxcs of Strafburg, a man muft prove that he 
 is igmble, and a Plebeian, defcended from Pie- f 
 
 beians for eight generatioos. See La Motlx k 
 
 " The more abfard and incred%le any divine 
 myfterr, the greater honour," feys Bacon, "we 
 do to God in beuering it,"-f* I wonder that fuch a 
 man ihould have adopted fnch a doctrine, and have 
 had fo little regard for his own reputation; for he 
 who calks in mis manner, will always tall under 
 
 Jordn obferra frxan MA, 
 m. 67. That tbegUM, Games cofcd about 
 
 f SeeVoLI.gftiuswwk, P. 573, 
 
 the
 
 430 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 the fufpicion of being either a true Fanatic, or a 
 difguifed Infidel. As to Bacon's Editor, he hath 
 taken fufficient care, both in his note upon this 
 paflage, and in a Preface, Vol. II. p. 284. to let us 
 know that he himfelf is not a Fanatic. See Bacon's 
 Works, by Shaw. As to Bacon, he feems to have 
 given way to his fancy, and cxercifed his wit, in 
 drawing up Chriftian Paradoxes. Vol. I. p. 262. 
 II. p. 285. 
 
 The fame Author tells us, that " the age of the 
 cat terminates between fix and ten." What Juve- 
 nal fays of Tyrants, (Sat. X. 112) is true of Cats, 
 that feldom do they die a natural death. 
 
 Ad generum Cereris fine cxde et vulnere paucze 
 Defcendunt Feles, etficcd morte fruuntur. 
 
 But, if they efcape the hands of violence, they 
 hold out beyond the period afligned by Bacon. I 
 had one that lived with me fourteen years *j and I 
 have heard of fome that were much older. 
 
 How little the duties of Toleration and Mo- 
 deration were underftood, either by Papifts or Pro- 
 teftants, in the fixieenth century, is evident from 
 a letter of Mtlantbtkon, who yet feems to have been 
 
 * For an Epitaph on this favourite domeftick, fee No. XIX. 
 oftheLusus POETICI, infertedin Y.ol. I. Page 39. 
 
 a Divine
 
 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS. 43 1 
 
 a Divine of muca mildnds and good nature. Con- 
 cerning the burning of Servetus, he fays to Buiiin- 
 gcr, " Lfgi yv? de Sfrzeii blafpbauis rtjjpudiji'u, ft 
 6tjycia vfftra probe. , Jxd':co ftlam Sautsat 
 quod bomtxtm pfrtuucfm, ft 
 mos omiJ/VTMm blafpfawas JM/hdit : A: miratgs fiat cjp, 
 tfd Jrveritalam flam 
 
 : certain tliat tlie Romans greatly abhorred 
 and condemned human facriSces, long before 
 Chriftianity had made its appearance amongft them : 
 and I obferre that the Fathers and Apologifls 
 Tallin, Theophilus, Athanafius, Tertullian, Cy- 
 prian, Minucius, Finnicus, Prudendus, {peak 
 with caution upon this fubjeL None of them 
 (ay directly that bzman vffisms were ofiered up to 
 Jupiter Latiaris, but only human, bloody which 
 might be done many ways, without any human 
 facrifice in form. 1 take the cafe to have been, 
 that at a certain time of the year, when they 
 had (hews in the Amphitheatre, they took the 
 blood of fome condemned man, force gladiator, 
 or fome criminal who was expofed to wild beads, 
 and offered it up to this Jtspiter *. If a Caefer, a 
 Livy, or a Tacitus had lived in later ages, and 
 heard of the proceedings of the Inquifition, they 
 would have laid that thoie nations worihipped 
 Chriil, and his mother, as aGoddefe ; and uied to 
 
 ii. and Thirlbjs note. 
 
 oSer
 
 432 
 
 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS* 
 
 offer up human vidims to them in a cruel manner, 
 by burning them alive. 
 
 It is an obfervation of Montaigne, that" Of thofe 
 who have made themfelves famous in the world, 
 he would lay a wager to produce more who died 
 before, than after, tbirty*fvc" Effais, Tom. I. 19. 
 I have, I believe, confidered this matter more thart 
 Montaigne, and marked the years of the life of 
 many hundred fcholars. And, fetting afide violent 
 deaths, I look upon Jixty-tlree to be the middle 
 term of life; there being about as many who have 
 died before, as at fixty-three and upwards. The 
 number of thofe who died at or near fixty-three is 
 fo far greater than at any other year, that I fufpedt 
 it hath not been called the grand dl maRerlc, without 
 fome reafon. The bodies of many perfons feem 
 to be a machine wound up for that period; which 
 may be Ihortened, but cannot be much length- 
 ened. 
 
 The feparation of the Jews from the Gentiles 
 was a proof that the Jewith religion was not of 
 general concern; for if there had been no other 
 way to heaven, God would not thus have Ihut out 
 the .Gentiles. 
 
 In the firft proteflant fchools and univerfities of 
 Germany, moft of the fludents were very poor: 
 They fupported themfelves by begging and finging 
 
 pfalms
 
 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS. 433 
 
 pfalms from door to door: they ftudied by moon- 
 light, for want of candles; they were almoft ftarved 
 for want of fire ; and often went to bed with an 
 empty ftomach : Yet the earneft defire of erudition 
 conquered all thefe difficulties, and they became 
 private tutors, fchoolmafters, preachers, and pro- 
 feflbrs. Our young folks now have not the tenth 
 part of thefe hardfhips to endure, nor a tenth part 
 of their induftry and learning. 
 
 Blackwell is an author who hath taken com- 
 mendable pains to vindicate the ftyle, and to point 
 out the beauties of the New Teftament. It is pity 
 that his own ftyle Ihould be fo conceited, and fo 
 full of affectation. 
 
 The Athenians, a polite people, gave polite 
 names to ugly things. They called the jail, the 
 boufe; the hangman, 7oy Au^(o, the commoner ; a thief, 
 a LOVER : that is, " one who fell in love with a 
 purfe of money, or with fome fuch pretty ob- 
 ject, &c." 
 
 Herodotus fays, that amongft the Thracians, 
 to work was mean and infamous ; to do nothing- 
 was the mark and privilege of a gentleman. 
 yr^ oi Ifyailin, o7 t u9i*7v. 
 
 I:j many places Erafrnus highly commends Si- 
 
 gifmundus Gelcnius, who was the corrector of Fro- 
 
 YOL. I. F f ben'*
 
 434 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 ben's prefs. " His uncommon erudition," fays 
 he, " and the probity and fincerity of his manners, 
 render him worthy pf a much better fortune : and 
 yet I dare not with that he were rich/' - " Why 
 fo?" you will fay. " Left it fhould make him 
 indolent, and lefs active in advancing the caufe of 
 Literature. Poverty is a great fpur to induftry." 
 This may be true: but, when a learned and a mo- 
 deft man hath long drudged in occupations which 
 are really beneath him, and hath (hewn evident 
 marks of his attachment to Literature, of his zeal 
 to ferve the public, and of his capacity of doing 
 greater things, if he were more at his eafe, and at 
 liberty to choofe fuch works as beft fuited his abili- 
 ties, he isfurely worthy of fome recompenfe: and 
 it is a fcandalous thing when fuch favours are only 
 beftowed upon people, who procure them by foli- 
 citing, by flattering, &;c.* 
 
 pws, the Father of Phyficians, loved fees 
 too well ; and for the fake of gold reftored a dead 
 man to life, for which Jupiter killed him with his 
 thunder, as Pindar informs us, Pytb. III. I won- 
 der that fome of the Greek Epigrammatifts, who 
 often ridicule the Phyficians, did not take the hint 
 from Pindar; and fay, that the children of /Efcula- 
 pius, left they ihould fuffer as their father had 
 done, inftead of railing the dead, were contented to 
 kill the living. 
 
 * I.ifr of Enfinus, Vol. I. p. $62,
 
 CtJRSORY OBSERVATIONS. 435 
 
 Aras *a* babemus, lays Minucius Felix. If Chrif- 
 tians, then, had DO altars, they had 
 
 H - is too verbpfe in his compofidons. If 
 he were an indigent author, who fold his works by 
 the fheet, I could pardon him: for fuch an one lofes 
 a penny, along with every idle fentence that he 
 ftrikes out of his copy: his *$// wfll not fuffer 
 him to part with his fuptrflui tits. 
 
 The Greeks and Latins made the Afr/fcr, the 
 Grans, and all the Hrtufs, females. 
 
 . 
 
 Lord Clarendon, having mentioned the death of 
 Ireton, on whom he hath beftowed a very bad cha- 
 racter, fays, that Cromwell gave the command of 
 the army in Ireland to Ludlow, a man of a very 
 different temper from the other. B. XIII. This 
 paffage is remarkable: it contains no fmall compli- 
 ment, paid obliquely and indirectly to Ludlow. 
 
 One of the greateft wits, and fayers of tons mots, 
 amofigft the ancients, was Diogenes the Cynic. I 
 u*ifh 1 had formerly collected all his fay: r 
 it is too late :o feek them up and down in various 
 authors. 
 
 1 have feen feme Divines offended at thofe wo- 
 
 men, who had their gloves on when they received 
 
 the Sacrament. They did noc know, I believe, 
 
 F f 2
 
 436 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS* 
 
 that in the fixth and feventh century, it was a law 
 in fome places, that the men mould receive the 
 confecrated bread upon their bare hands; the wo- 
 men, upon a piece of white linen laid on their 
 hand, which was called, a dominical. This infigni- 
 ficant ceremony was commanded by one Council, 
 and condemned by another. See Dallseus, de Cult. 
 La f - P 573- 
 
 Boileau was a good Poet; but, not content with 
 that, he wanted to pafs for a good Scholar. He 
 had, in truth, a ilender flock of erudition; and in 
 this moft of cur celebrated Englifh poets refemble 
 him. He was more learned than Perrault; but 
 that is no mighty matter : Nidla eft gloria prteterirc 
 claudos. 
 
 Hadrianus Valefius, in his Vakfiana, treats Sal- 
 mafius as a moft contemptible critic, and thereby 
 ihews that he himfelf had either no judgment, or 
 no candour. He hated Salmafius, and attacked 
 him, after he was dead, in a fcurrilous Poem. 
 
 Doctor B. faid in a fermon, " An hypocrite is 
 like a reed ; fmooth without, and hollow within." 
 It was a tolerable conundrum ; but he fpoilt all by 
 adding, " and tofied about with every blaft of 
 wind." I heard the fame preacher fay, " If any 
 one denies the uninterrupted fucceflion of bifhops, 
 I (hall not fcruple to call him a downright Atbeijl." 
 
 He
 
 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS. 437 
 
 He might have laid ptiwnbivktr, fngglir, or pick- 
 poebt. This, when I was young, was found, or- 
 thodox, and fefluonable doclrinc. 
 
 " Nothing is more proper to form the mind 
 and manners, than the ftudr of the Roman law. 
 Every one," fays Yi^HPffitraDe, " who is of 
 any confiderable rank in life, ought to hare per- 
 ufed with attention, once at leaft, the Inftitutes and 
 the Code of Juftinian : He owes this doty to him- 
 felf, and to the publick.* I am of me fame opi- 
 nion ; and I add to thefe the TkoJcfax CoJf, for 
 the light which h gives to EcclefialHcal Hiftory. 
 
 Lord Bolingbroke calls Cafaobon " a pedant/* 
 If by die word Pfdjxt is to be underftood a man 
 who is fiulled in the learned languages, Boling- 
 broke himfelf was afluredly no pedant : But, in the 
 true fenfe of me word, he was one, gradm JSperla- 
 tivo. Good judges of cornpofirioa have pronounc- 
 ed the prefece of Calvin to his Ltfiiiittes, of Thua- 
 nus to his Hifimy, and of Cafaubon to Potyiritu* to 
 be mafter-pieces in their kind : but Bolingbroke 
 had neither Latin enough to underftand them, nor 
 honefty enough to relifh tb : 
 
 N s dines abroad, and rails at alTthe world. 
 
 He loves good eating and evil-ipeaking ; and 
 never opens his month, but at other people's coft. 
 
 F f 5 Tacitus
 
 438 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 Tacitus fays, Corrupti/imd Republic a plurim* leges ; 
 
 and Plato, ITa^' o/? ** 7roX>.&l> xai AW i, 7r# 71oij 
 
 xl 6ioi poxOtifoi. For the fake of 0#r countiy, I could 
 \vifli that thefc obfervations were not true. 
 
 ' 
 
 It appears from Plato's Phsdo, and from lib- 
 erates, that they who were initiated were taught 
 the doctrine of a future (late, and had a promife of 
 happinefs in it. So in his Epinornis, delivering his 
 own fentiments, Plato fays (p. 992) concerning a 
 good and a wife man, " I do moft pofi lively affirm 
 
 Siiffftopifypoti, TTK^W xcti cnrvjot^ccv, (that IS, both XO- 
 
 tencally and ejoterically), abfolutely, and at all 
 times, that after death he (hall be happy, wife, 
 and blefTed : iu 
 
 Bad minds, fay the Platonifts, depart heavy and 
 fpotted, and ftay in our atmofphere, and fuffer for 
 their faults. " Some are fo totally corrupted, fays 
 Socrates, that, according to an ancient tradition, 
 they never get out of Tartarus." See Bibl. Univ. 
 VI. 123. 
 
 Beza's famous old manufcript, which we have at 
 Cambridge, and on which my friend W. laid fo 
 great a ftrefs, is the work of a bold-fellow, who is 
 perpetually explaining the fenfe, and endeavouring 
 to amend the ftyle. Sec Le Clerc on Acls X. 25. 
 and F. Simon, Lsttres Choifus. II. Let. 26. 
 
 4 The
 
 CURSORY OBSERVATi; 
 
 The word fatalis doth not, I think, mean fimply 
 per/a dons, deftn&w . 5 ut ^ i<jea o f dejtixy is alfo 
 then joined to it. In Skinner we have tlje etymo- 
 logies of the word Majftcrt : I think that ihey are 
 all wrong, and that it comes from Marti facrum. 
 
 Infinuo, as alfo IsGturatin, is ufed in a (enfe not 
 common in the Ccd. fktod. and in Inftit. L,. II. tit. 
 VII. . 2. It ieems to mean to 
 
 Broukhufius, a polite aiid ingenious critick, hath 
 borrowed not a little from the notes of Jof. Scali- 
 ger on Tibullus and Propertius. Broukhulius is 
 much indebted to Scaliger ; Madame Dacier and 
 her huioand to Tanaquil Faber ; and John Hud- 
 fon to Edward Bernard. 
 
 Jerome, in his life of Paul the Hermit, j 
 " that me fauns and fatyrs converted with St. 
 Antony, and intreated him to pray that they might 
 ^m God, who came for the falva- 
 tion of the whole <&orld. n A man who writes fuch 
 things, rauft fuppofe all his readers to be fauns and 
 fatyrs. 
 
 The Cime writer alfo informs u>, that the 
 thejSfctT, the /vvry, the apes t and tb .. hich 
 
 came from Tharfhilh to Solomon, mean the writ'in** 
 
 - . 
 
 Ff
 
 440 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 S , fpeaking of thofe prophecies which are 
 
 no more than accommodations, illuftrates the thing 
 by accommodating thefe lines of Virgil, Georg. IV. 
 86. to the curing of an intermittent fever by the 
 powder of the bark : 
 
 Hi mot us animorum, atqtte hoec cer lamina tanta. 
 Puheris cxiguijahu compreffa quiefcent. 
 
 This application, thought I with myfelf, is 
 certainly too lively and ingenious to be his own. 
 Afterwards I found it in the Bibl. Ckois. XXIII. 
 428. See alfo Menagiana, I. 415. 
 
 Thomas Burnet is a mod ingenious man. I 
 fay of him, what Quindtilian fays of Seneca : 
 Multtf in eo clarxque fententi<e ; fed in eloquendo cor- 
 rupta pleraque : atque eo pcrnic'wjijfima, quod abundant 
 dulcibus vitiis. 
 
 Vigneul Marville, I. 5. fays, " The Jews 
 fcarcely ever ate fim." Witnefs the New Tef- 
 tament, and all that is there faid about fifh and fim- 
 ermen ! He adds, that " in England the people 
 eat more fifh than flefli." He knew little of us, 
 
 j r T 
 
 and of our diet. 
 
 When I was pretty far advanced at fchool, my 
 mafler would fometimes give us a Newfpaper to 
 translate. Of all our talks, I found this the moft 
 difficult; and would rather have made forty verfes, 
 
 than
 
 CUKSORT OBSERVATIONS. 44! 
 
 than have rranflated as many Imes of this dry aad 
 uncouth prole. .'iMiiiTOift ni 
 
 In our ichools the boys make too many-ejer- - 
 cifes in verfe, and too few in prole ; fo chat many 
 of them, who can compofe a pretty epigram, can- 
 not put together four fentences of profe in a pure 
 and correct manner. Poetical numbers they know, 
 if they have a good ear ; but profe hath its num- 
 bers, and with thefe they are not acquainted. 
 This defect often flicks by them afterwards ; and 
 when they make a Latin fpeech, or fermon,. it is 
 in linfey-woolfey ftuff, in poetical profe, larded 
 with fcraps of Horace and Virgil, by way of em- 
 bellifhmem. Such dilcourfes I have been enter- 
 tained with, more than once, by our Profeflbrs of 
 Divinity. 
 
 That humourous expreffion in one of our poets, 
 
 " The man that fights, and runs away, 
 May live to fight another day :** 
 
 Is deduced from the Greek faying, 
 
 But k (hould rather have been, 
 Mnr /ftv io run onctltr 4ajr. 
 
 V/e
 
 442 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 We have our heroes of this kind ; who, as Pa- 
 nurge fays in Rabelais, fear nothing but danger. 
 
 It is in the moral, juft as it is in the natural 
 world: Great bodies draw the fmaller after them. 
 Example* cuftom, fafhion, rule us. 
 
 They who ferve Chrift and the world, arc like 
 / borderers \ fcarcely knowing in whofe kingdom, or 
 under whofe jurifdi&ion they are. 
 
 The church ought to be very cautious and fpar- 
 jng in appointing ftated fafis and tbankfgivings : 
 Elfe her children will be refractory ; and, like 
 thofe children in the market-places, mentioned in 
 the Gofpel, She may pipe to them, and they will 
 not dance ; and mourn to them, and they will not 
 lament. 
 
 They who fin and xronfefs alternately, ufe re- 
 pentance as a fort of fifhionable phyfick, to be 
 taken at fet times at fpring and fall. 
 
 Auguftin fays, Melius eft ut nos reprehendant 
 grammatici, quam ut non intelligent populi. It is not 
 a bad leffon for preachers : But here is another, 
 and a better, from Quinctilian : Qui Jtultis videri 
 t'fuditi volunt, Jlulti erudith videntur. 
 
 There was at Ephefus a man of extraordinary 
 abilities, called Hermodorus, whofe fuperior merit 
 
 fo
 
 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS. 443 
 
 fo offended his fellow-citizens, that they bammed 
 him, and on that occaHon made the following 
 decree : Let no perfon amongjl us excel tke reft : If 
 fuch an cue be found, let blm depart, and dwell t. >- 
 where. The philofopher Heraclitus faid, that ail 
 the Epheilans, who were of age, deferred to be 
 hanged, for alTenting to fuch a kw. Herrno- 
 dorus, thus call out, went to Italy, and took re- 
 fuge at Rome ; where the Barbarians (for fo the 
 Greeks in thofe days accounted all, except them- 
 felves,) received him with courtefy and refpecl: ; 
 defired his affiftance in forming their body of laws, 
 contained in the twelve tables ; and rewarded him 
 with a ftatue erected in the Forum. See Cicero, 
 ?ufc. Difp. V. 36. and Pliny, Vol. II. p. 643. 
 
 V"e have had fome powerful Druids and High 
 PrieJJs, who would have liked a decree of the 
 Ephefian kind concerning the clergy : If jrj EC- 
 clcfijjiic amongft us Jurpafs others in learning and abi- 
 lities, let bim by all means be deprejjed ; and never 
 permitted to rife abwe tltftdilon of a Curate. 
 
 Juftin Martyr fays to the Jews, es God pro- 
 mifed that you mould be jj tbe fand on the fea- 
 and to you are indeed, in more fenfes than 
 one. You are as numerous, and you are as 
 barren, and incapable of producing any thing 
 good." Edit. Thiriby, p. 394. This is inge- 
 nious ; and if all die allegorical interpretations of
 
 444 CURSORY OBSERVATIONS, 
 
 the old fathers were like it, we (hould at lead be 
 agreeably entertained. 
 
 I have examined " The State of the Dead, as 
 defcribed by Homer and Virgil ," and upon that 
 Diflertation* I am willing to flake all the little 
 credit that I have as critic and philologer. 
 
 I have there obferved, that Homer was not the 
 Inventor of the fabulous hiftories of the gods. He 
 had thofe {lories, and alfo the doctrine of a future 
 flate, from old traditions. Many notions of the 
 Pagans, which came from tradition, are confi- 
 dered by Barrow, Serm. VIII. Vol. II. in which 
 fermon the exiflence of God is proved from uni- 
 verfal confent. See alfo Eibl. Chois. I... 356. and 
 Eibl. Univ. IV. 433. 
 
 But " this is maintaining the Doctrine of Tra- 
 ditions, which is a Popifh doctrine.'* Thus faid a 
 fuperficial prater againft that diflertation. So a 
 Proteftant, it feems, mufl not fcratch his ears, nor 
 pare his nails, becatife the Papifls do the fame ! 
 The truth is, that if any remarks be juft, they 
 tend to eflablifh the great antiquity of the doc- 
 trine of a future flate ; and there the fljoe pinches 
 fome people. Let them go barefoot then, with their 
 heels as unfurnilhed as their head. 
 
 * See Jortin's " Six DifTertations upon different fubje&s." 
 Differ!. VI. p. so j. 
 
 ANECDOTES.
 
 ( 445 ) 
 ANECDOTE 5. 
 
 ISTRODUCT I O X. 
 
 FROM die complexion of tfeofe anecdotes which 
 a man collects trom others, or which he forms by 
 bis own pen, may without much difficulty be con 
 jeaured, wtat mono- of mam he was. 
 
 The human being is mightily given to affinri- 
 iadon ; and from the ftories which any one re- 
 lates with f pint ; from the general tenour of his 
 converfation, and from the books, or the aflb- 
 ciates, to which he moft addicts his attention; 
 the inference cannot be very far diftant, as to the 
 texture of his mind, the vein of bis wit, or, may 
 we not add the ruling paf&on of his heart. 
 
 Is it not Sr&tn, or the Spi&asr, who lays, 
 that " from the natiooal longs in vogue, a flran- 
 * ger muft judge of the temper of the people ?" 
 
 Some fuch might be the apology, if any is 
 needed, for inferring the fitde pieces fubjoined; 
 whkh air, undoubiedry, at the beft, no more than 
 the cartbetftft of Daniel's cokfial ftatuc.
 
 446 ANECDOTES* 
 
 . 
 CARDINAL RETZ, as I remember, fays, that 
 
 going once with the Pope to view a very fine fla- 
 me, his Holinefs fixed his attention entirely upon 
 the fringe at the bottom of the robe-. From this 
 the Cardinal concluded, that the Pope was a poor 
 creature. The remark was fhrewd. When you 
 fee an ecclefiaflic in an high ftation, very zealous, 
 and very troublefome about trifles, expect from 
 him nothing great, and nothing good. 
 
 Vaillant, the father, took a voyage in queft of 
 medals. He was in a veffel of Leghorn, which 
 was attacked and taken by a corfair of Algiers. 
 The French being then at peace with the Alge- 
 rines, flattered themfelves that they mould be fet 
 down at the firft landing place. But the corfair 
 excufed himfelf, faying, that he muft make the 
 beft of his way home, being fhort of provifions. 
 They (hipped the French, as well as the other 
 paflengers, with the compliment of bona pace 
 Francefi. Being carried to Algiers, they were de- 
 tained as flaves. In vain the conful reclaimed 
 them. The Dey kept them by way of reprifals, 
 on account of eight Algerines, who, as he faid, 
 were in the King's galleys. After a captivity of 
 four months and a half, Vaillant obtained leave 
 to depart, and they returned to him twenty gold 
 medals, which had been taken from him. He 
 v;ent on board a velfel bound to Marfeilles; and 
 
 on
 
 ANECDOTES. 447 
 
 on the third day they faw a Sallee rover purfuing 
 them, and gaining upon them. Upon this, Vaii- 
 lant, that he might not be robbed a fecond time, 
 fwallowed his gold medals. Soon after, a itorm. 
 parting the (hips, he was run aground, and with dif- 
 ficulty got to more : but his medals, which weighed 
 five or fix ounces, incommoded him extremely. 
 He confuked two phyficians; and they not agreeing 
 in their advice, he waited for the event, without 
 taking any remedy. Nature affifted him from 
 time to time, and he had recovered half of his 
 treafure, when he arrived at Lions. He there re- 
 lated his adventure to a friend, mewed him the 
 medals which were come from him, and de- 
 fcribed to him thofe that were dill within-doors. 
 Amongft the latter was an Of bo, which his friend 
 fet his heart upon, and defired to talce his chance 
 for it, and to purchafe it of him before hand. 
 Vaillant agreed to this odd bargain, and fortu- 
 nately was able to make it good on the fame day. 
 See Spon's Voyages. Hift. de 1'Acad. I. 451. 
 and the Diwciad. IV. 375. in the notes. 
 
 Joannes Scotus Erigena was a man of coiiiider- 
 able parts and learning in the ninth century. The 
 Emperor Charles the Bald had a great efieem for 
 him, and ufed to invite him to dinner. As they 
 fat together at table, one on each fide, the Em- 
 peror faid to him, Quid inte reft inter Scoivm et So- 
 In EngliuS, Betiwen a Scot and a Fool? 
 
 Scorus
 
 448 ANECDOTES. 
 
 Scorns bold replied, Menfa tantum: and Charles 
 took it not amifs. 
 
 A man feeing a King's horfe making water in 
 a river, " This creature," faid he, " is like his 
 matter : he gives., where it is not wanted." 
 
 Somebody faid to the learned Bignon, " Rome 
 is the feat of Faith." " It is true," replied he; 
 " but this Faith is like thofe people, who are 
 never to be found at home." 
 
 Ambrofe Philips, the Paftoral writer, was folemn 
 and pompous in converfation. At a coffee-houfe 
 he was difcourfing upon pictures, and pitying the 
 painters, who in their hiftorical pieces always 
 draw the fame fort of fky. " They mould tra- 
 vel," faid he, " and then they would fee, that 
 there is a different fky in every country in Eng- 
 land, France, Italy, and fo forth." ' Your 
 
 remark is juft," faid a grave gentleman, who fat 
 by : "I have been a traveller, and can teflify 
 thai what you obferve is true : But the great eft 
 variety of ikies that I found, was in Poland." 
 " In Poland, Sir?" faid Phillips. " Yes, in Po- 
 land : for there is Sobiefky, and Sarbieufky, and 
 Jablonfky, and Podebrafky, and many more 
 Skies, Sir." 
 
 Chapelain
 
 ANECDOTES. 449 
 
 Chapelain, the French poet, equally famous for 
 fordid avarice, {habby clothes, and bad Yerfes, 
 ufed to wear his cloak over his coat in the midft 
 of fummer. Being afked why he did fo, he al- 
 ways anfwered that he was indifpoied. Conrart 
 laid to him one day, " It is not you, it is your 
 coat that is indifpofed.** 
 
 Pope Urban VIII. having received ill treat- 
 ment, as he thought, from fome considerable 
 perfons at Rome, faid, " How ungrateful is this 
 family! To oblige them, I canonized an ancef- 
 tor of theirs, who did cot deferve it." Q<*fii 
 gentt motto ingrata : lo ho bcatijicato uno de loro pa- 
 rtnti, eke turn to meritai-a. 
 
 1 was told many years ago by a friend, that 
 ..ain divine of quarrelfome memory, being 
 charged with fomewhat in the Convocation, rofe 
 up to mftiry himfelf, and laying his hand upon 
 his breaft, began thus : " I call God to withefs, 
 &c." A brother dignitary laid to his next neigh- 
 bour, " Nowxlo I know that this man is going 
 to tell a He; for this is his uiual preface on ail 
 fuch occafions." ^ETchines (centra Ctefipb.) faid 
 .ry lame thing of Demoflhenes, frho was 
 perpetually eaibeilHhing his orations with c 
 " This man," faid he, " never calls the Gods 
 to witnels with more confidence and eifrontery, 
 
 VOL. I. G g
 
 AENCDOTES. 
 
 than when he is affirming what is notoriouity 
 falfe." 
 
 Scudery travelling with his'fifter, put up at an 
 inn, and took a chamber for the night, which had 
 two beds. Before they went to ileep, Scudery 
 was talking with his fifter about his romance called 
 Cyrus, which he had in hand. " What fhall we 
 do," faid he, " with Prince -Mazarus ?"" Poi- 
 fon him," faid the lady." No," faid he, " not 
 yet; we (hall ftill want him, and we can difpatch 
 him when we pleafe." After many difputes, they 
 agreed that he mould be aflaffinated. Some 
 tradefmen, who lay in the room adjoining, and 
 divided only by a thin partition, overheard the 
 difcourfe ; and thinking that they were plotting 
 the death of fome of the Royal Family, went and 
 informed againft them. They were accordingly 
 feized, fent to Paris, and examined by a magif- 
 trate; who found that it was only the hero of 
 a romance whom they intended to deftioy. 
 
 One of Pere Simon's favourite paradoxes, was 
 his hypothefis of the Rouleaux. He fuppofed that 
 the Hebrews wrote their tacred books upon fmali 
 fhcets of paper, or fomething that ferved for pa- 
 per ; and rolled them up one over another, upon 
 a flick; and that thefe Iheets, not being fattened 
 together, it came to pafs, in procefs of time, that 
 
 fome
 
 AlfcC&OTfi*. 45T 
 
 feme of them were loft, and others difplaced. 
 We might as well fuppoie, that the arrift, who 
 invented a pair of breeches, had not the wit to 
 find ibme method to fatten them up ; add that 
 men walked, for fereral centuries, with their 
 breeches about their heels; til), at length, a ge- 
 nius arofe, who contrived:'' buttons and button* 
 holes.* 
 
 - "'bfii : * ot> 
 George, Cardinal d'Amboiie, was, as hiflory 
 
 lays, an Ecclefiaftirk, with no more than one be- 
 nefice, and a Minister of fbate without covetouf- 
 nefs, without pride, and without felf-intereft ; 
 whole mam defign was to promote the glory of 
 Louis the Twelfth ; of a Prince, who accounted 
 the profperity of his fubjects to be his greateft ho- 
 nour and -glory. 
 
 About the year 1414, Brikman, Abbot of St. 
 Michael, being at the Council of Conftance, was 
 pitched upon by the Prelates to fay mafs, becaufe 
 he was a man of quality. Hie performed -it fo 
 well, that an Italian Cardinal fancied that he muft 
 be a Doctor of Divinity, or of Canon Law, and 
 denred to get acquainted with him. He ap- 
 proached, and addrefled himielf to him in Latin. 
 The Abbot, who knew no Latin, could not an- 
 fcer ; but, without ihewing any concern, he 
 turned to his own chaplain^ and ud f * f What 
 
 lofcof Erafins, ToL I. p 
 
 G g 2 Cr.i -.:
 
 4$2 ANECDOTES* 
 
 (hall I do ? " Can you not recoiled," faid the 
 Chaplain, " the names of the towns and villages in 
 your neighbourhood ? Name them to him, and 
 he 'will think that you talk Greek, and he will 
 leave you." Immediately the Abbot anfwered 
 the Cardinal, " Sturwolf, Hafe, Gifen, Soerfcbe- 
 Ravenjlfde, Drifpenftede, Itzem" The Cardinal 
 afked, if he was a Greek, and the chaplain an- 
 fwered, " Yes;" and then the Italian Prelate 
 withdrew. 
 
 A Lawyer and a Phyfician difputed about pre- 
 cedence, and appealed to Diogenes. He gave it 
 for the lawyer ; and faid, " Let the thief go 
 iiiit, and the executioner follow." 
 
 An old woman, who had fore eyes, purchafed 
 an amulet, or charm, written upon a bit of parch- 
 ment, and wore it about her neck, and was 
 cured. A female neighbour, labouring under the 
 fame diforder, came to beg the charm of her. She 
 would by no means part with it, but permitted 
 her to get it copied out. A poor fchool-boy was 
 hired to do it for a few pence. He looked it over 
 very attentively, and found "it to confift of cha- 
 taders which he could not make out : but, not 
 being willing to lofe his pay, he wrote thus : 
 " The Devil pick out this old woman's eyes, and 
 fluff up the holes." The patient wore if about 
 her neck, and was cured alfo. 
 
 Ligniore
 
 ANECDOTES. ir~ 
 
 Ligniere was a wit, and apt to be rather rough 
 and blunt in converfation. One day a Nobleman 
 boafted before him, that he could tofs up cher- 
 ries in the air, and catch them, as they came 
 down, in his mouth ; and accordingly he began 
 to (hew his (kill. Ligniere had not the patience 
 to flay for the fecond cherry ; but faid to him, 
 " What dog taught you that trick ?" 
 
 The Lacedaemonians were remarkable for con- 
 cife fpeeches : but afcer their defeat at Leudra, 
 their deputies, in an affembly of the Greeks, made 
 a very long and warm invective againft Epami- 
 nondas, who had beaten them. He flood up, 
 and only replied, " Gentlemen, I am glad we 
 have brought you to your fpeech." 
 
 D faid of a flupid preacher, who was 
 
 forced to hide for debt, " Six days he is iitvi/i- 
 
 ble ; and on Sundays he is incomprebenfiale" 
 
 When Kufler was at Cambridge, preparing his 
 Suidas, and ftndying Engliih, an ignorant acade- 
 mician put into his hands L'Eftrange's Fables, 
 the worft book that he could have chofen. Kuf- 
 ter foon complained to him that he could make 
 nothing out of it: '* For example," faid he, 
 " here is the word Rovfioner, which I cannot find 
 in the dictionary." L'Eflrange had called a CTO-JJ 
 a Royfloner.* 
 
 * Rn;/}, in Hertfordfhire, is menuoue^ as ^remarkabk fora 
 
 particular ff> ecics of theie birds. 
 
 G g 3 Charles
 
 454 ANECDOTES, 
 
 Charles II. faid one day to Gregorio. Leti, 
 <f When fliall we have your hiftory of the pre- 
 
 fent times ?" " I know pot, Sir," faid he, 
 
 " what to do about it. A man would find it an 
 hard matter to tell the truth without offending 
 Kings and great men, though he were as wife as 
 Solomon. " i( Why then, Signior Gregorio," 
 faid Clwles, " be as wife as Solomon, an4 write 
 Proverbs." 
 
 Dr. S wrote a very fmall hand, and 
 
 crouded a great deal into his pages. He did it ^ 
 to fave the expence of paper. He put one of 
 his manufcripts into a friend's hands to perufe ; 
 who returned it to him, with this compliment, 
 *' If you reafon as clofely as you write, you arc 
 invincible." 
 
 In former days, a certain Bifhop of Ely, hear- 
 tily hated in his diocefe, had a tranflation to Can- 
 terbury. Upon which a Monk {tuck up this dif- 
 tich, on the doors of his Cathedral of Ely, in 
 Leonine verfes, the befl of the kind that I ever 
 met with. 
 
 Exultant Cceli, trait/it quod Simon ab Ell : 
 Cujus ob adventum font in Kent millia centum;* 
 
 * On the deceafe of a certain great man, not much beloved f 
 the following was found, infcribed in chalk, upon the valves of 
 his coach-houfe door : ' He that giveth unto the poor, lendeth 
 unto the Lord. N. JB. The Lord oweth tbis man nothing." 
 
 -M r
 
 ANECDOTES. 455 
 
 "- - r was a fcholar, a bigot, and a free- 
 thinker. When he died, leaving two TODS behind 
 3C Teemed to be fplit afunder, and divided 
 between them. The one inherited his bigotry, the 
 other his freethinking. His learning, like a vola- 
 tile fpirit, flipped away; and neither of them could 
 catch k. 
 
 Chriftopher Urfewick is (aid by Wood to have 
 been Recorder of London in the reigns of Edw. IV. 
 Rich. III. and Henry VII. Speed tells us, that 
 under the laft, he might hare attained the higheft 
 dignities in the Church, and the mol profitable 
 offices in the State; but that be refufed the Bifhop- 
 rick of Norwich, litdo res gm Jrpdttri! Ac- 
 cordingly his Epitaph, which is a good one, and 
 much to his credit, lays, Magms baures tola 
 tnte cnttstits* 
 
 To deferve a Biihoprick, and to reject it, is no 
 common thing. But that our Urfewick may not 
 fbmd alone, the following is related of another 
 iUuftrious man of the fifteenth century. 
 
 Sixrus the Fourth, having a great efteem for 
 John \Veflel, of Groeningen, one of the moil 
 learned men of the age, fent for him, and faid to 
 him, " Son, afk of us what you will ; nothing (hall 
 be refufed, that becomes our character to beftow, 
 and your rendition to receive. 1 *" Mod holy Fa- 
 G 4
 
 456 ANECDOTES. 
 
 ther," faid he, " and my generous Patron, I (hall 
 not be troublefome to your Holinefs. You know 
 that I never fought after great things. The only 
 favour I have to beg, is, that you would give me 
 out of your Vatican Library, a Greek and a He- 
 brew Bible." " You (hall have them," faid Sixtus: 
 " but what a fimple man are you! Why do you not 
 alk a Bifhoprick?" Weffel replied, " Eecaufe I do 
 not want one /" The happier man was he : happier 
 than they, who would give all the Bibles in the 
 Vatican, if they had them to give, for a Bilhop- 
 rick*. ' , 
 
 The Cappadocians refufed liberty, when offered 
 to them by the Romans, and obliged the Senate to 
 give them a King; faying, as the Ifraelites of old 
 did to Samuel, Nay, but we will have a King over us. 
 Such are the peafants of Livonia; they are Haves to 
 the nobility, who drub them without mercy. Ste- 
 phen Batori, King of Poland, commiferating their 
 wretched ftate, offered to deliver them from this 
 cruel tyranny, and to change their baftinadoes into 
 flight fines. The Peafants could not bear a propo- 
 lition tending to deflroy fo ancient and venerable 
 a cuftom, and moft humbly befought the King, 
 " that he would pleafe to make no innovations." 
 See Bibl. Univ. IV. 161. 
 
 Pylades, the comedian, being reprimanded by 
 the EmperorAuguftus, becaufe tumults and factions 
 
 * See Life of Erafmus, Vol. I. p. 48, 
 
 were
 
 ANECDOTES. 
 
 were railed in Rome upon his account, by 
 who favoured him, in oppohtioo to ocber actors, 
 fcplied, " It is JHPW intereft, Caetar, that the peo- 
 ple mould bufy themfdres and fqiabbk about 
 
 Father Morinus, as Sknon cells us, had made * 
 collection of all the rude and fcurrilous language 
 &> be found in ancient and dafficil authors, to ferre 
 him upon occafioa. There is a ludicrous curie in 
 Plautus: TK ft ocsdci tmamgwis ex capil: per no/mm 
 tmas / " I wifli you may blow your eyes oat at 
 vour nofe." 
 
 - 
 
 That rhetoric, feys Selden, is beft, which is moft 
 feafonablc and catctinr. We have an usance in 
 that obi blunt Commander at Cadiz, who (hewed 
 himfelf a good orator. Being to fjy fixnething to 
 his loldiers (which he was not ufed to do) he made 
 them a fpeech to this purpofe : *' What a Ihame 
 will it he to you, EifSJkiKai, who feed upon good 
 Btff, to let thole Spaniards beat you, that live upon 
 eraxges amdlcmanF 9 
 
 - Dr. B. once wanted to (ell a good-for-nothing 
 
 horie ; and mounted him, to (hew him to the bed 
 
 advantage: but he performed his part (b very fonily, 
 
 that the peribn with whom he was driving the bar- 
 
 .iid, " My dear friend, when you want to 
 
 S impose
 
 453 ANECDOTES* 
 
 impofe upon me, do not get up on horfeback: get 
 up into the Pulpit." 
 
 The Philofopher Antifthenes affected to go in 
 rags, like a beggar. Socrates faid to him one day, 
 tf Pride and vanity peep through thofe holes of 
 your cloke," Man. Var. Hiftor. Lib, IX. c. 35.* 
 
 Bayle, enumerating the new taxes invented by 
 Louis XIV. and the uncouth names by which they 
 went, fays, " Here are Words, admirably fuited to 
 impoverilh Subjects, and to enrich Dictionaries." 
 
 When Charles V. (fays a Spanifti Hiftorian) fled 
 before Maurice of Saxony, and hurried from 
 Infpruck on foot, he walked after his retinue, to, 
 teftify his courage ; and bade them double their 
 pace, faying, " Haften away, and be not afraid 
 of'a Traitor, who hath wickedly rebelled againft 
 his Prince." If it be true that Charles faid thus, to 
 hearten his men, and encourage them to run for it, he 
 followed the maxim of Sandoval, his Cronica4or^\^ 
 puts at the head of one of his chapters, 
 
 " Los Spanoles vittoriofos fe ne fuyeron" 
 The victorious Spaniards ran away, &c. 
 
 See Eibl Univ. X. 14. 
 
 * The original is Ov irawti iy*aX>.w7ri<j|txtt vpw. Kulmius re- 
 marks on the paffage, " Clarius hjec Diogenes: Scribit enim 
 
 iilm. 
 
 We 
 
 dixiiFe, Opw ca oia ra Tf&uw; Tv I>?,c^o|t>. V. Edit. 
 Argentorati. 1685
 
 ANECDOTES. 459 
 
 We are informed by Rabelais, B. IV. Ch. VIIL 
 that Panurge, in a voyage at fea, had a quarrel with 
 a merchant, who carried a flock of meep to fell. 
 The pafiengers interpofed, and made them fhakc 
 hands and drink together. Panurge, ftill medi- 
 tating revenge, fo contrives it by a ftratagem, as 
 to drown all ihe iheep, and the merchant along 
 with them : and, rejoicing over his exploit, fays to 
 his companion, Friar John, " Hear this from me: 
 No man ever did me a difpleafure, without repenN 
 ing of it, either in this world, or in the next/* 
 
 
 TRANSLATIONS
 
 TRANSLATIONS 
 
 FROM THE 
 
 L U S U S P O E T I C I, 
 
 TRANSLATION OF ODE II, 
 
 CASSANDRA'S PROPHECY.* 
 Sector cum Patriis mccnia linqueret, &c. 
 
 \VHEN Fiedler dauntlefs left the Trojan walls 4 
 No more, alas ! to view his native home, 
 
 Thus with prophetic voice his fitter calls, 
 Her locks dimeveird:--Hark,C ASS AN DRA' 
 
 Whither, O Phoebus ? Whence that loud acclaim? 
 See, their chiefs fly : refounds my Hector's name | 
 See, the fleet burns : the fea's on fire, 
 Ting'd Grecian with th' empurpled hue of ire. 
 
 Frail, fondeft joys, how quick ye fade away \ 
 Ay me ! great Priam's band s recede ! 
 
 And thou, lov'd brother, wretched I furvey, 
 How foon for Juno's vengeance thou muft bleed. 
 
 * See P. 8, 
 
 O Tower
 
 TRANSLATIONS. 461 
 
 O Tower of Tray ! her honour, and her pain i 
 Yet happy, doom'd to fall in her defence : 
 
 Happy, for lo, in fara'd Mseonian fbrain, 
 
 Glory thy deeds (hall through the world difpenfc. 
 
 All, all mull yield : Tis bur the general doom: 
 Darknefs and filence may Unround thy tomb : 
 But tuneful lays, by Poet lifted high, 
 Forbid the brave, the virtuous man to die. 9 * 
 
 B. 
 
 TRANSLATION OF ODE UL * 
 Smrfsprmemrmm mgrtflati*, &. 
 
 As through the filence of the grove, 
 And through the meadow's verdant way, 
 
 The placid rivTet loves to rove, 
 
 Whfiil murmurs fort its courfe betray : 
 
 * See Page 9. This, and the pooa OB -he Nature of the 
 Soul," P. 4*3, fcond in tfac Go>tiea.~s Magit, lor Am- 
 guft 17X9, wha the foiicming note. " Tis Traflator has cot 
 the vanity to think he hss tnns&ned much of die ^rtf of the 
 cv^nal into fcb veHes. His cfean to pnife las mo fcuMhtka, 
 if br wa^ tkc of */y. Be wArs gpe the ^i>% radsr 
 fine idea of JOKTIS'S ekgaace of fancy, and ID ezcte the febo- 
 far to pende ibmt of the mo* daCcal Lain vedes which nxxkra 
 
 It may not be improper to tifce ftocxe of a 
 
 : by tic editor of Vincent Bean* s M&eliaaeaus , f 
 
 died in 410. 1771, ia in Page 314, has reprinted, wiA fine 
 ' ions, UK abce diod Ode of Dr. Joftra, %db for MW 
 &c. as the prodcaioA f Mr. Bonne, Jtnder the ride of 
 
 Awhile
 
 TRANSLATIONS. 
 
 Awhile, around its native mead 
 It drives a winding courfe to keep ; 
 
 Till, as the Hope improves its fpeed, 
 It gains the bofom of the deep : 
 
 Thus, through the fecret path of life 
 May I, unclogg'd by riches, glide ! 
 
 Nor tangled in the thorns of flrife, 
 
 Nor with the blood of conqueft dyed ? 
 
 And when the (hades of night increafe, 
 
 When cloy'd with pleafure, prefs'd by \voe5j 
 
 May Sleep's kind brother bring me peace, 
 And his cold hand my dull eyes clofe ! 
 
 TRANSLATION OF ODE IV, 
 
 Vix trljlis. dubia, luce rubet Polus, &c. 
 
 WITH fainted gleam now dies the languid ray, 
 In peaceful filence wrapt, creation fleeps ; 
 
 While with lone flep thro' thefe fad (hades I ftray, 
 And love, with me, the penfive vigil keeps. 
 
 Unpitying JULIA ! whither doft thou fly ? 
 
 Wilt thou, regardlefs, tempt the ocean's rage ? 
 Shall billows waft thee from my raptur'cl eye, 
 
 No diftant hope my ling'ring woe t' affuag'e ? 
 
 Where,
 
 TIANSLATIOK3. 463 
 
 tVhere, where are now thofe plighted vowi of lore, 
 Wtidioncc in tendered kjoksutd words you 
 
 Ah, may the boiffrous winds lefe and prove ! 
 Ah, Ids dcftruaiTc be the railing ware ! 
 
 ON THE NATURE OF THE SOUL* 
 
 ' 
 
 AIT TOTl MO&IXVfc SCLLAqVK 
 
 5>AY, mtdlc&sd fpark of heavenly flame, 
 Does rigorous death atrak tfcee ? Siall cold fleep 
 Ever benumb thy powers ? Thy thought in rain 
 Soais her bold ffight, and phas eternal fcfaemes, 
 If Face and Nature unielenniig join 
 To blaft the bloflbms of thy future joy s. 
 
 Firft, tben, thyfelf explore : die latent tnok 
 Thy eager iearcn may fioiu us dark receu 
 Draw forth, and haply reaibn may difplay 
 Thy real juiiucy and thy origin. 
 
 If tbou material art, the Elements 
 Were thy firft parents ; and, as from that fource 
 Thou flow'ft, thy diflblotion flaali refiore 
 Thy compound fufafiance to the fame again. 
 If order, motion, figure, all unite 
 
 Sop. a:. 
 
 To
 
 464 TRANSLATIONS. 
 
 To form in thee a fair harmonious being ; 
 When languid dullnefs fliall invade thy frame, 
 The vital warmth forfake the quivering limbs, 
 Mifts gather round the eye, and the light breath 
 Efcape, to mingle with the ambient air; 
 Thou died : nor can th' officious hand of mortals 
 Attune thy parts to priftine harmony. 
 If thou art fimple fubftance, and my wifh 
 Be crown'd with Truth's decifion, thy exiftence 
 Will triumph e'er the flight of endlefs time : 
 Yet, doubt awakens fear ; the fwelling tide 
 Of dark fufpicion rifes : how can fubftance, 
 Not cloth'd in form, not refident in fpace, 
 Or feel, or flouiim, or with vigour move ? 
 Whence rifes thy unfuitable alliance 
 "With the grofs body ? Reafon, lefs aftonifh'd, 
 Will view heaven join'd to earth, ferpents to birds, 
 Or bleating lambs to ocean's fcaly brood. 
 When time mall loofe thee from thy carnal prifon, 
 The active powers of fenfe will all defert thee : 
 Should ev'n grim Death unbar his iron gate, 
 To fet thee free, what boots thy liberty? 
 If, robb'd of fenfe, thou flieft in fpace unbounded. 
 Thinner than air, or evanefcent ihade ? 
 
 Alas! obedient to great Nature's law, 
 The fun difplays his orient beam, or finks 
 Beneath the weftern ocean ; whilft the moon 
 Her fwelling crefcent fills; each lucid ftar, 
 Loft in the fiercer blaze of golden day, 
 
 At
 
 TRAKSLATIC 465 
 
 At nigh: with dUmond-iuftre fpangles heavm. 
 
 The lowly children of the genial earth, 
 
 The verdant turf, the painted family 
 
 Of flowers, whom Winter's icy hand had nipp'd, 
 
 Quick, at die all of Zephyr's gentle voice, 
 
 Raile their fair heads above the waving grafs ; 
 
 Whilft MA : . : : :oroiy icvereign of the world, 
 
 fe foul a/pires to great and glorious deeds, 
 If once life's fleeting fpring tad vigorous youth 
 Are pais'd, decays ; nor docs the general law 
 
 iture raife him to th* aeibereal realms, 
 Nor the cold prifon of the tomb unbar. 
 Yet, that repofe is never broke by cares : 
 There grief, diieaie, and anger, and revenge, 
 Pain xvith her fcourge, and av'rice ever-craving, 
 Difcord, that madlv wields her blood-ftain'd iword, 
 And hunger prompting ill, and want in rags, 
 And hatred, or that deadly foe to virtue 
 The green-eyed eary, or deceit, whofe face 
 Wears the insidious maik, dare not intrude : 
 But night with friendly gloom enwraps the fcene, 
 And placid Sleep waves How his dinky wings. 
 
 Let Patience then affift thee, to fcftaia 
 The ior, which Nature and aii -conquering : 
 Impofe. The globe, and all that it contains, 
 WiH fink in Chaos' wide-devouring g 
 Even he, whole fiery froar illumes the e 
 Fare's heavy hand vrill feel, like hapiefs man: 
 Old age will bow him down; his hoary Seeds 
 VOL. I. H h Win
 
 466 TRANSLATIONS. 
 
 Will drag laborioufly his fliiggifh car, 
 
 His hand ftill trembling as he guides the reins ; 
 
 Time will bedim the luftre of the ftars, 
 
 Nay, glory only lives a few, fliort years, 
 
 Like the frail column that records its triumphs. 
 
 The Mufe and Virtue long fhall brave the fhocks 
 
 That lay the world in ruins ; yet o'er them 
 
 Her dufky veil will late Oblivion fling. 
 
 Thus does raih Error, wearing Truth's fair garb a 
 JDeceive, and we're milled by her falfe light. 
 But reafon tells thee, Offspring of the Skies, 
 That thou malt ever {hine; thy heavenly Frame 
 Smiles at grim Death, and night's funereal (hades, 
 And prorhifes eternal years of joy. 
 Hence thy prophetic power, thy eager glance, 
 That reads the volume of futurity: 
 Hence thy regard for Virtue, and that awe 
 Of dread Omnipotence; the rapid thought, 
 That flies with fwiftnefs of the forked ilalh 
 Where'er thy fancy bids, o'eileaping oft 
 The flaming confines of the univerfe. 
 Thou waft not form'd of mix'd, difcordant parts, 
 But fimple art, mov'd by internal fprings. 
 Ignoble matter, void of fenfe and motion, 
 Boafts not fuch wondrous faculties as thine. 
 Either thro* ages thou (halt dill furvey 
 The wreck of worlds, or Fortune blind produced 
 This 'nether globe; than which no impious thought 
 
 Was ever more remote from R'eafon's rule. 
 
 
 
 Survey
 
 TRANSLATIONS. 467 
 
 Survey th' expanfe of earth, the dairy &y, 
 The flowery fields, and ocean's waves immenfe: 
 Nature for Thee unlocks the earth's gay treafures, 
 For Thee fufpends the twinkling lamps on high, 
 Leads on the cryftal ftream in mazy courfe, 
 And paints the vernal mead with purple flowers. 
 
 When light primeval chas'd the murky ftades, 
 And the unwearied fun began his courfe; 
 When fruitful earth, and circumambient air, 
 The ocean, and the ever-flowing dreams 
 Receiv'd their firft inhabitants, and blifs 
 Devoid of reafon crown'd their favour'd birth ; 
 Th' Almighty Power dirvey'd his fair creation 
 With looks that fpoke ineffable delight. 
 To crown his works, he breath'd the plaftic word , 
 And bade the foul exift. Thou at his bidding 
 Stood'lt forth, and lo 1 thefe gracious founds were 
 
 heard. 
 
 f: Fair offspring, image of th' eternal Mind * 
 " Seek earthly habitation ; in a frame 
 " Lovely refide, thyfelf a lovelier guefl. 
 t: Remember well thine origin; that thou, 
 " From heaven departing, Ihalt to heaven return r 
 " O'er thee no power can vaunting Death exert, 
 " E'en tho' loud threats he mutter, or diftaia 
 " His way with carnage; or with griefly front 
 " And pointed dart appal a trembling world." 
 He faid and, to confirm his high beheft, 
 Loud thunders roll'd, and tremor feiz'd the earth." 
 H h 2 Hence,
 
 468 TRANSLATIONS. 
 
 Hence, foon as Death's chill grafp hath loos'd the 
 
 bands 
 
 Of mortal life, th' aethereal mind to heaven 
 Spreads its fair wing, and feeks its native realms : 
 There, veil'd in light, it joins th'angeiic choirs; 
 Reviews thofe hallow 'd feats, which neither ftorms 
 Sadden, nor thunder's bellowing din alarms, 
 Nor winter's fnow, nor the wide-wafting fire 
 Of Sirius can approach ; nor bluftering winds, 
 Nor clouds' dark fhadc deform the face of day. 
 But Love inftead, whofe darts no venom know, 
 Lights his pure lamp; whilft Concord his compeer, 
 Pleafure, and Innocence, and placid Joy, 
 Fill up the train; than which a groupe more fair 
 Nor ftinds confefs'd to Poets as they dream, 
 ]^or danc'd the jocund round in Eden's bowers. 
 
 But, if th' infedion of unhallow'd Vice 
 Should reach the foul, and with deftructive taint 
 Her pinions flain, and ruffle her fair plumage; 
 No bleft return to an immortal home . 
 Awaits her ; down the headlong deep of darknefs, 
 Th' infernal whirlwind drives, where many an age 
 Exil'd and indigent, to grief a prey, 
 Self-doom'd (he roams, a melancholy ghofl. 
 
 Heir of immortal climes ! of higheft heaven^ 
 The genial progeny ! whofe inward eye 
 Difcerns the bounds that fever right from vvrpng; 
 anft thou, with tame fervility, become
 
 TRANSLATIOXS. 46 $ 
 
 The prey of fordid Paffion, and of Vice ? 
 Pride dazzks with her gorgeous train of pomp, 
 Dull Sloth benumbs chee, gentle Pieafore clafp* 
 IA her impure embrace, or Avarice jxi i - 
 Tonnems with cane, and goads thy craving hreafl. 
 Vanqnifh this boft of cyranrs, and be free ; 
 Like as the captive* lioa, whom the threfcts 
 And blaadiOi meets of fome unworthy lord 
 Had oft enflavM, if once the galHng chaia 
 Be (hakea off", regains his name woods ; 
 And, fooming to return to former durance, 
 EBJOTS th' unbounded range of liberty. 
 
 Seek then the road where Virtue's nigged path 
 Leads up to bearen; for fee, where Glory, crown*d 
 With iaocel wreaths, invites thy near approach: 
 Nay more, th' Ahnighry with aufpicious ere 
 Looks down to animate thy tanking powers. 
 Thus emulate the gem, that k>w ia earth 
 Long hid its head ingioctous, *qll the hand 
 Of artifk brought forth all its latent beauty : 
 3tnpp'd o its rougher drefs, k foon affuoies 
 ;gh-wrought polifh, and on every fide 
 kfoarkliag rays around.
 
 470 TRANSLATIONS. 
 
 EPITAPH IUM FELIS.* 
 
 YV ITH age o'erwhelm'd, deep funk in dire difeafe, 
 
 At Lift I viilt the infernal (hades : 
 Fair Proferpine, with fmiles, difpos'd to pleafe, 
 
 Said " Welcome, Tabby, to th' Elyfian glades." 
 
 But ah ! 1 cried, mild Queen of fiient fprites, 
 Grant me, once more, to view my late, dear home: 
 
 Once more; to tell the man of ftudious nights, 
 " I love thee, faithful dill, tho' diftant far I roam." 
 
 B. 
 
 EPITAPH 
 
 DR. STEPHEN HALES.* 
 
 OF fweet fimplicity, of generous breaft, 
 Godlike Religion ! thy undoubted teft ; 
 Of vivid genius, form'd for public good, 
 Source to the wretch, of joy, the poor, of food : 
 Such were thy titles ; high and low the fame 
 Befpoke thee, Hales ; and thefe GOD'S voice pro- 
 claim. 
 
 B. 
 
 * See p. 39< 
 
 This
 
 TRANSLATIONS. 471 
 
 & This truly great, for he was a truly good 
 man, is highly complimented by Mr. Pope, who 
 dignifies him with the appellation of " plain 
 Parfon Hales."* In 1741, he publifhed his ex- 
 cellent invention of FtntUators, which he improved 
 as long as he lived. About fix or feven years 
 after, one of thefe machines was introduced at the 
 prifon of the Savoy ; and its benefits were foon 
 difcovered and acknowledged. Previous to this 
 invention, between 50 and ica prifoners had died 
 every year of the gaol-diftemper in that place ; 
 but no fooner was this life-giving machine creeled, 
 than fcntr perfons only died, in two years, though 
 the number of the confined exceeded two hundred* 
 The ufe of ventilators foon became general. 
 In the laft war, after long felicitations, he pro- 
 cured an order from the French King to erect 
 ventilators in the prifons where the Englifh cap- 
 tives were kept ; and upon being informed of his 
 fuccefs, he was heard to fay in a jocofe vein, 
 " He hoped nobody would inform againft him, 
 for cerreJpoxdtKg with the. enemy" It would be 
 endlefs to mention his various natural refearches, 
 and ingenious fchemes for the benefit of mankind. 
 They all discover great knowledge of the fecrets 
 of nature, which he was able to apply to agricul- 
 
 See Pope's Works, Vol. III. Moral Ef ajs , Ep, II. , 9 8. 
 where both the poet, and his learned annotator, have gwen his 
 
 iALE. 
 
 ture,
 
 TRANSLATIONS. 
 
 turc, phyfics, and feveral other arts of life. In a 
 word, he deferred, as much as ever man did, the 
 title of " a Chriftian Philofopher." All his du- 
 el ies and refearches into nature tended only to 
 one point, that of doing good to mankind. He 
 died 4th Jan. 1761, aged 84 years. 
 
 TNSCRIPTIONIS FRAGMENTUM. 
 
 QVAB. TE. SVB. TENERA. &C. * 
 BY THE REVEREND MR. MERRICK. 
 
 1 HEE, P/ETA, death's relentlefs hand 
 
 Cut off in earlieft bloom : 
 
 Ok! had the fates for Me ordain'd 
 
 To (hare an equal doom ; 
 
 With joy this bufy world I'd leave, 
 
 This hated light refign, 
 To lay me in the peaceful grave, 
 
 And be for ever Thine. 
 
 * See Page 47. Though already fo often met with, and juftly 
 admired, the reader cannot but deem the above translation intitled 
 to a place in this work, as taken from Dodfley's collection of 
 Pcems, Vol. IV. P. 188. The original, we are informed, has 
 been republifhed by the very ingenious Mr. Thomas Wa: ton, in 
 Sis " Infcriptionum Romanarum metricarum Deleclus:"' Lon- 
 don, 17585 as an ancient iuicription. 
 
 4 DP
 
 TRANSLATIONS. 47J 
 
 Do thou, if Lethe court thy lip, 
 
 To tafte its ftream forbear : 
 Still in thy foul his image keep, 
 
 "Who haftes to meet thee there. 
 
 Safe o'er the dark and dreary (bore 
 
 In queft^of thee I'll roam ; 
 Love with his lamp fhall run before, 
 
 And break the circling gloom. 
 
 END OF VOL. I.
 
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