8753 £4-81 A A 6 9 4 : 4 : 6 : 1 ■ Elmslie Table of Ckjncords of the Tumbuka Language THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES V Pma w ^m PARADIGM OF THE TUMBUKA VERB, KUPlTA, TO GO. POSITIVE CONJUGATION. ACTIVE VOICE. NEGATIVE CONJUGATION. Indicative Subjunctive Potential Conditional Present - Past Future Present Present Present Past State op Acriox. Indefinite- Perfect— Indefinite- Imperfect- Perfect— Indefinite- Indeflnite- I m perfect- Indefinite- Perfect - Indefinite- Indefinite - -"I j^o" "I have gone" -"I went " -" I wna going" " I liad gone," " I went" ^"I sliall go " , -"That I may go" \ " Let mo go" / 'That I mny he going" I ■ Let me be going" j -" i may go "I might have gone " -" I ought to go" 1 " I should go" J -" I nnglittohave gone" (^ " 1 shuuM have i;one " J .Tng. rhi,: na- nka nki uanj iiayi coltu- hinpi- iigatii- ntai^u ntaiVa tiku- ta- ttilia- tika- fangii- tay.imkii- li- I ntatiiui nt:-itak;t Sing. I Plur. waka- uka- wangii- wayaniku- ii'^awa- iitawnku- [it:uv;ika- mku- m wa- rn wnka- muka- mwaiigii- m wayamk li- mn- ntamku- ntamwaka 1 FORMS OF THE VEFBj -1- Simple ^ I Subjective.. ■« Objective. .- Active Voii i. kn pita, to go ku pitika, to be sendalile ; fit to go...... kn pitirn, to go for; or, on account of.... ku i>iti^kha, to cause to go; send Causative Reflective .'.... ] ku jipita, to go oneself (unt used in this fun iReciprocal ku pitnna, to go together , nvith "gl>")., Note, — There arc also secimdaiT dorivcd forma — •-.g., Kii pilirisklia, to cause to go for. Kn jipitira, to go for oneself. All Verbs are nut used in wW these forin.s, but these illustrate how vj the Vorlis. Tlic dcrivi'd forms may he conjugated I e K pAsaiVK Voice. ku pitiwa ku pitiriwa ku pitiskhiwa 16 diftercut ideas are emliodied in iv Simple VltIj. Sing. waku- wa- walca- waka- wangu- wnynmku- ntawaku- ntawaka- Plur. hakupita. bapita, hakapita. bakapitanga, hangupita. baynmkupita hapite. bapitengo, han},'apita. ngabapita. ntabakupita. ntabakapita. 1st Person. Sing, sinku- sina- sinka- siiika- sinaiigii- sinayamku- hini- suuuga- singana- siiitanku- sinfanka- r,r. sitik' . sita- aitik - sitik - sitai Ti|. sitnjimkn- «iti^a- sing la- 1 sintitiku- siiit Ltika Sing. Pirn: siuku- aimuku- siwa- simwa- 1 siwaka- | .simwaka- siuka- ^ siuuika- siwimgu- I simwangu- I siwayamku- ' sitnwynmku- Sing. siwaku- t.i\\a- siwaku- siwaka- Plnr. sibakupita. &ibapit!i. sibaktipita. sibakapitanga. snmga- singawa- siutawakti sunnnga- singamwa- siiitamuku- sintamwaka- siwangu- ( sibangupita. siwayamku- sihayamknpita. sibapite. sibapitenge. .sibangapila. singaba]»ita. hiutawakn- sintabaknpita. sintawaka- sintah:ikapita. Positive Conjugation- Ku ])ita, to p\ :?nil Sing. — Pita, go thou. .'« 7 riur. — Pitani, go ye. Jiid Sing. — Pitengc, be thou going. fJnd Plur. — JIu pitengo, be yc going, INF|NITIV£ MOOD. I IMPilpATIVE MOOD. Fi esent Indefinite. Pi esent Imperfect. Negative Conjugation — Kureka kupita, to not go. Rekn ku pita, do not thou ^'o. Rckaiii ku pita, do not }'c go. c ^ 9,1 53 - . \ «A TABLE OF CONCORDS OF THE TUMBUKA LANGUAGE. " CLASS I. . "-'i^ASS n, CLASS III. (LASS IV. ILA s.-^ V. SrB-CL.\SS L SI1(H-C1,ASS II. CLASS VI. CLASS VII. m '- Prefix of Nodn. Sing. Muntu. A person. Plnr. 1 Smg. Bh4ntiil Mutn. Peisonh.! A licad. P/ur. Mitu. Heads. Sing. Mbtizi. A goat. Plur. Zimbuzi. Goats. Sing. Tshintu. A thing. Plur. Vintu. Things. iS'r ng. Jiso. An L*yc. la Plur. Maso. Eyes. s.„,. Mfnniu. A chief. Plur. Mafumu. Chiefs. A bow Plur. Mauta. Bows. Sing. Kaynni. A bird. Plin: Tuyiuii. Birds. Sing, and Plur. Kulinia. Hoeing. » ba wft ya y« za tsha vya; gha ya gha wa gha ka twft kwa 1 - yunio mu-weme mu-heni mu-kuru wose mnyaki wani ba-biri "-nio i-biri i;mo zi-hiri tshi-mo vi-biri li-mo gha-bici i-nio gha-biri u-nio \ gha-biri kamo tii-biri 1 '^ ba-wenic i n-^we i-wemo i-heni i-kuru yoso inynki i-weme i-heui i-kuru yose inyiiki ■/i-weme zi-heui zi kuru zose zinvaki tshi-weme tshi-heni tab i-kuru tsbose tshinyaki vi-wjme vi-hoiii vi-k«ru vyose vinyaki li-weme li-hcni li-kuru Inse linyaki gha- we me gha heui a-kuru ghose ghanyaki i-wcme i-hcni i-kuru yose iiivaki gha-wcmo gha lieni akmn ghose ghauyaki u-wcme gha-wcme gha-heni 1 l.iiru ka-wemo ka-heni ka-kuru kosc kanyaki tu-wenie tu-heni tu-kuru to.se tunyaki twani ku-wenie ku'hcni ku-knvu koso kunyakl kwani ha hen i ba-kviru u heui u-kuni wose unvak i u-heni ii-kun. "Whole" "AH" bose WOSc unyiiki ■ !i..vr HHl ^l.invuki IH Possessives— " My," "Mine" bani H w..n; yani yaui zani tshani vyani lani ghaui vaui gliani wani kaui HI "Tliy," "Thine" wako bnko 1 wako yako yako zako \ tslmko vyako lako ghako yako ghako wako jIl.ll.M kako twako kwftko I^^Sj "His," "Her," "It's". wake bake fl wake yake yake zakc tshake vyake lake ghakc yake ghake waki _U,tk0 kake twake kwako ( witu winu wawo bitu V| «it»' binu H """> bawo li "iiwo ^ yitu yinu yawo yitu yitiu yawo zitu zinu zawo tshita tshiun tsha Wo vyita vyinu vyaffo litu liuii la wo gliitu ghinu ghawo yitu yinu yawo gtiitu ghinu ghawo witt ivawo I ,Jniu .hunt ghawo kilu ];inu kawo twitu twinu twawo kwitu kwinu kwawo "Their," "Tlieir's" ^[ "Of our place," or "Of our family" wakwitu bakwitii mH wakwitu yukwitu yakwitu zakwitu tshakwitu vyalwilu lakwitu ghakwitu yakwitu ghakwitu wakwitu 1 ghakwitu kakwitu t wakwitu kwakwitu \ " Of your place," ic wakn-juu bakv, . winu yak wi till yak wawo yakwiuu yak wawo zakwinu zakwawo tshakwiuu t.shakwawo vyakwinu lakwinn lakwawo gliakwinu gbakwawo yakwinii yakwawo ghakwinn gbakwawo wakwini^ V wakwawoTy ghakwinu gbakwawo kakwiau kakwawo twakwiuu twakwawo kwakwinu kwakwawo ^StfrtBMUHJ " Of their pluco " wakwawo buh\v,,vx 1 .'..vi.W^VO vyry»wawo ■■■■■■ ij.i.*;„„ .. wi..." "\V1,;,.1, " iwo iwo lioli r.. ivo ivo izo itsho ivo ilo iwo ivo iwo iwo iwo iko ito iko Emphatic Prou.—" He himself," "Only" ie ycka iwn Wcku iyo ycka iyo yekii izo zeka itsho tsheka ivo pek!\ ilo leka iwo gheka iyo ycka iwo gheka iwo weka iwo gheka iko kcka it-) twcka iko kweka rl\s n ivi ivi izi itshi ivi iri yira agha "Thai," yuwa ba ' ■>\ 11 wa yira iya ziya tshira vifft lira ghara ghara wtuva ghara kam tura kura J "This," "These" (near).,.. niweniyu benaba I /■•■niwu yeniyi yeniyi zenizi tsheii itshi vyc^va lenili ghenagha yeniyi ghcnagha weniwu. ghcuagha keuaka tweuutu kwenukn "Tlmt," "Tliote," (yomlcr) uiweniyura beuil taia wfiijwura yeniyira yeniyira zonizira tshenitshira leuilira ghenighara yeniyira 1,'hcnighara woniwura ghenighara ki'nikara twenitura kwcnikura Interrogatives— "Whot" or "What!" wall nti i ball 1 "'''," k 1 Willi 1 ; nli mba 1 iri mbu ? iri mbu 1 ziri mbu ? tshiri mbu? viii .ibu liri mbu ? ali mbu 1 iri mbu? ali mbu ? uli mbu.? ali mbu ? kali mbu ? tuli mbul kuli mbu ? "What?" or "How is itl" wakuti uli i Imkiiti nli- " wMknt. uli? yaknti nli 1 yakuti uli '/ zakuti uli? tshiikiiti uli? vjn^iti nli ' lakuti uli? ghakuti uli ? yakuti uli t ghakuti uli ? wakuti uli ghakuti uli? kakuti nli? twakuti uli? kwakuti uli '! . " Wliiclrf " of two or njore... nju? nihil ; nji? nji? zi? tshi ? vi'i li? .gha ? nji? gha? H^U) 1 gha? nkal iilu? iiku? ba riiigal iringa ! ziringa ? virii^'a? gharinga 1 gharinga? gharinjra? turinga? "Where is it?" "They," Ac. wali nku i ball nku? uli nkui iri iikn ? iri nku 1 ziri nku ? tshiri nku ? viri iku ' liri nku? ali nku 1 iri nku ? ali idcu? ub nku? ali nku? kali nku? tuli nku? kuli nku? Substantive Verb with Pronoun— 1 Positive— "It is he," itc iirliyc ndiwo ndiwu ndiyn ndiyo udizo nd itsho ndil ndilo ndiwo iidiyo ndiwo &liwo ndiwo ndiko ndito ndiko Negative— "It is not he," Ac. asindiyc asindiwo .isi ndiwo asiudiyo asiudiyo asindizo asinditsho asiiijiTo asindilo asindiwo asiudiyo asindiwo asindiwo 1 asindiwo asindiko asindito ^ aaindiko Substantive Verb witli Nouns— nenga benga yengtt tshenga ' lenga ghenga s ghenga konga t wenga k wenga J enga ghenga wenga Verb "To be," Present tense "is," wali j)o ball po iili po iri po iri po ziri po tshiri po liri po ali po (ghali po) iri po ghali po uli po ghali po kali [lo tuli po kuli po Per/tct tense " WiiB," wakuba po bakaba |'. waktiba po yalcaba po yakaba po zakapa po tshakaba po vjo it)j, ,,n hikaba po gbakaba po yakaba po gbakaba po wakaba p UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angdes This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. Htt APR 2 » mh 'ii\ .s> NIAY REC'D LDl RL 1 7 1966 Form L9-75m-7,'61(01437s4)444 tm^iif^ m27 ^1995 m