UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 FROM THE LIBRARY OF 
 
 PROFESSOR FELICIEN VICTOR PAGET 
 
 BY BEQUEST OF MADAME PAGET 
 
 No.3\Ge 
 
■'ERsiry 
 
 OF 
 
NOTES 
 
 ON THE 
 
 URSULE MIROUET 
 
 OP 
 
 H. DE BALZAO. 
 
 BY 
 
 Peof. r:e:LiciE]N' y. paget, 
 
 Of the Uniyebsity op California, 
 AND 
 
 EDWAKD T. OWEN, 
 
 Peofkssob of the French Language and Litebaturb 
 IN THE University of Wisconsin. 
 
 OF THE 
 
 OF / 
 
 MADISON, WIS. 
 
 1889. 
 
Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1889, 
 
 By EDWARD T. OWEN, 
 
 In the ofiace of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 DAVID ATWOOD, 
 
 Peinter and Stereotyper, 
 
 madison, wis. 
 
X,\ B HA'r 
 
 OP T-L.T 
 
 PEEFATOET. 
 
 Valuable material was contributed to the following notes by 
 the late Prof. Arsene Darmesteter of the University of Paris 
 and by several gentlemen of the legal profession, who were 
 freely consulted as experts. 
 
 A work of Balzac is offered to students of French, in spite of 
 the carelessness, the obscurity and the difficulty of his style 
 and in the face of the absurdities of which he is guilty, for the 
 reason that these faults are redeemed by his eminence in the 
 depiction of character. 
 
 It has been remarked by a careful English student of Balzac 
 that he is as close an approximation to Shakespeare as France 
 of to-day could make to England of the sixteenth century. In 
 this connection mention of Goethe might also be made with 
 advantage. Though these three can hardly be compared in 
 means employed or ends accomplished, it is questionable 
 whether modern times can show a fourth worthy to be ranked 
 with them as students of humanity — as psychologists. 
 
 Among the works of Balzac the Ursule Mirouet, though it 
 presents few of his characteristics in all their intensity, was 
 selected for students' use because ,it does not violate English 
 decorum and because it avoids the distressing conclusion 
 reached by so many of his works. 
 
 It was Balzac's purpose, never fully carried out as planned, 
 to present in his ''Comedie Humaine"a complete picture of 
 humanity in all ranks and professions. Naturally enough, in 
 one work, allusions to characters fully set forth in other works 
 abound. To obtain, therefore, the full enjoyment from one, it 
 is necessary, as in reading Thackeray, to be familiar with the 
 rest. Generally, however, and especially in the case of the 
 Ursuls Mirouet it is true, that the isolated work may be fully 
 comprehended and greatly enjoyed by him who reads it and 
 ao other. 
 
 134490 
 
NOTES 
 
 ON 
 
 UESULE MIEOUET. 
 
 Page numbers refer to Levy's edition— 1 vol., Paris, 1868. 
 
 The frequency of the notes renders the use of other editions practicable. 
 
 Dedication. Ne trsinBige=makes no compromise. A don- 
 ner, etc. = (lit.) Is not then that, which to have pleased you 
 is, (calculated) to give pride to an author?=must not then 
 an author be proud of having pleased you P Tromp6= deceived 
 you (as to the literary merit of my work). 
 
 3. Berges=sfeep banks. Cliampetres.— This adjective is 
 allowed to precede its noun by elder classic writers. Of the 
 two words the second might be regarded as adjective =ram- 
 part-shaped. Rnban de queue — a road stretching as far as the 
 eye can reach. Flambait=w;as blazing. 
 
 4. Rarefaction — In his *' comedie humaine," of which this 
 book is a part, B. endeavors not only to present the character 
 and manners of Frenchmen of his time, but also to embody 
 much of contemporary science. The inevitable result is a 
 number of blunders, of which the cited word is apparently one. 
 The same sort of error is to be found in less number in the 
 works of George Sand, and much more frequently, from the 
 same cause intensified, in those of Victor Hugo. Reg'aiiis= 
 second harvests (used of meadow land). Repouss^s^re^ec^ed, 
 echoed. Paul Potter — famous animal and landscape painter 
 of Dutch school, 1625-1654. Hobb^ ma— Dutch painter, 1635- 
 1700, represented nature "under a smiling aspect." Cro- 
 qner =sketch (roughly). Original, etc. = (paradox) odd by dint 
 of being ordinary. Caliban — See Shakespeare's Tempest, 
 Forme =^/ie physical. 
 
 5 
 
5. Carnation— fe<^ complexion. Cdtes de melon — Each nat- 
 ural section of a round melon is called a "cote." The cap is 
 made of pieces shaped like such sections halved crosswise. 
 Moulait=ioofc tlie form of. Oall — founder of the so-called 
 science of phrenology. According to it a large head indicates 
 great intellect. M. was an "exception." Lustres =gZa^ec?. 
 Violac^s, Qi\ii,— shades of purple under a coat (or layer) of 
 brown. Kalmouks — the French embodiment of the uncouth. 
 They had the so-called "almond eye." Marmite, etc.=:h'fce 
 the foot of a (pot or) sauce-pan. Corde us6e, etc. The fric- 
 tion of his semi-weekly-shaven chin upon the seldom-renewed 
 neck-cloth (foulard) reduced it to the semblance of a well- 
 worn cord. Pliss6, eta. = corrugated bij (deposited) fat. 
 
 6. Atlas — the classic world-sustaining giant. Dit de, etc.= 
 dit que c'^tait un taureau. Fouet, guides, to\irehe=ivhip, 
 reins, pitchfork. Joiiait, etc.=attacJced rashly. Maitre de, 
 ete.=maitre de poste de N. Vert-l)outeille= &o^fZe green. 
 Coutil=&ed ticking — actually used for summer clothing. 
 Cercle iioir — caused by round box above. Camard, etc.=a 
 snub nose uses much snuff. This is apparently an aphorism of 
 B.'s invention. 
 
 7. Ji^mQ:\\X2L\i,^ic.=didnotbelie=^wasascrudeas. Bavard, 
 etc.— disguised condition=if he had been talkative he ivoidd 
 have seemed a failure (i. e., to have failed to carry out the un- 
 wieldiness, which was the theme of his composition). Min- 
 ore.t Levrault — Conf. minor and levraut (little hare). Mes- 
 sageries — strictly, stage offices; but heTe=stage companies. 
 Droit (terminer) — Conf. faire son d. (—study law). Sta- 
 giaire — from stage, period between admission as licentiate 
 (licenci^) and call to the bar. A traverse through and there- 
 fore behind = as his backer, mover, director. 
 
 8. Procureur du roi— prosecuting officer of the crown. 
 Receveur-g6n6ral=^aa! collector. Agent de change=s^oefc- 
 broker. Vort= wharf. Though an inland town, N. is on the 
 canal which joins the Seine and Loire, Siir Paris=m the 
 direction of Paris. Dessert, etc. = does the carrying, further 
 on, for. Relais=disfance between stations. Fantastique= 
 imaginary. An ti phrase =M'on2/. The word " maitre " is here 
 used in usual sense — Conf. note, p. 6. 
 
 9. Bourrelet=pad, cushion. VeUe=bald. Clairette= 
 shrill. Encolure = (massive), neck, and hence (powerful) 
 
physique, Adorait — In spite of his bulk and strength M. is 
 nearly impotent. A son is accordingly to him more than usu- 
 ally a blessing and more than usually loved. Amour= umZiY^ 
 of a high order. Trahissant=:^hscZosmgr, indicating. The 
 thought is thus: high virility indicates strength; M.'s neck 
 and voice suggested low virility, which explained his weak- 
 ness. (xateries=mdit/ge72ce. Naturel=c/iarac^e7\ Traire= 
 milk, obtain money from. Se passer=:permz^ himself. 
 
 10. Lettre, etc. — This letter might have explained the sentry 
 or look-out duty (faction) in which M. was engaged, in lack 
 of the real reason (au besoin— in case of need) which was that 
 his wife had *ent him. Moiiter a cheval, Q\Q,=ride out to 
 meet D. Vers6=wpsef. Batteries = broadsides. Mousque- 
 i^Y\Q= discharge of musketry. Poiiideiit=appear, neologism 
 for poignent. Caldclie=qpen top carriage. Pommel§=dap- 
 pled. Porteur=/7ie near horse — the one which carries (porte) 
 the postillion. Berline — a kind of covered carriage. It is 
 not D.'s stage (the Dueler) which now arrives, but some of M.'s 
 men who have seen it. 
 
 11. Entreprise=comjpan2/. Brul^=(in stage-drivers' par- 
 lance) passed, (in games) burned, come close to. Joliment (in 
 familiar 6tyle)= awfully. Enfonc6=. surpassed. Br6siller= 
 smash. Tape, etc.=(strike) whip up P. (P. was the ill-starred 
 prime minister of Charles X.) The idea is thus: iZas he (the 
 driver of the other stage) any (passengers)? If not, he will 
 drive the faster and we must haste, if we would[overtake him. 
 So whip up the slow horse of our team. 
 
 12. Moni^e— ascent — as we were going up hill. Endiman- 
 ch6e=w Sunday clothes. Voltes, etc.— jpeaZs of the bell. 
 ToHiqvie^literary composition. Coup de ^o\ei\=sunstroke 
 or sudden flush, Sainte"nitouche=%pom^e — Sainte n'y 
 touche — saint in appearance, who does what she does with- 
 out seeming to do so. 
 
 13. Mettre au cierge=add to the candle, give with her of' 
 fered candle. Rend le pain, et(i.=presents (to the church) the 
 bread (eaten by the congregation.) This is not the holy wafer. 
 Adieu paniers, etc.=baskets are useless, for the grapes are 
 already gathered=z^ is a hopeless case. A succession =wjiY/i a 
 fortune to leave. MorYeuse=d2r%-wosed brat. 
 
 14. Cfif&Y6.=hypocriticaL The vous preceding is ethical 
 dative. BougiTal — the doctor's servant. Subtiliser=fnc& 
 
8 
 
 away. Cagotisme=6?go;fr2/. In aura inin^, just preceding, 
 the future concerns not the act, but its demonstration. Trans., 
 it ivill be found that he has or he probably has. Sens dessiis, 
 etc. = topsy-turvy. 
 
 15. Ducli§-pairie — dukedom carrying with it a peerage 
 Arche — possibly formed by the "arbres" below; otherwise 
 something in the nature of a triumphal arch, through which 
 the church is seen, as if it were a picture framed by it (en- 
 cadre). Vro^rette=tidy. D^bouchant, ete.=coming out 
 upon the square. Paroissien =jpra2/er-6oofc. Percepteur de 
 contributions=recm'er of taxes. 
 
 16. Crapnlense=de&awc/ied(inthe worst sense). Brouill6= 
 mottled. Ressortir, etc. = made still more prominent. Eiit 
 et^, etc. — The use of the subjunctive strips the phrase of power 
 to assert, reducing it in this case to the value of an adjective 
 clause. Trans.: a humpback with his hump within; i. e., a 
 moral humpback. (}l\)hosii6= spinal curvature. Sardes= 
 Sardinians — allusion to the Sardinian herb dapSortov, sup- 
 posed to produce a convulsive smile. Hence the word sardonic. 
 Qui-yive, e.tc.=on the alert for sarcasm. 
 
 17. ^mman(ih^s= attached (used of handles). Bons ^ jeter, 
 etc. = good! to throw (away) into a fence corner, good for noth- 
 ing. Fi\osel\e=floss silk. (}r a^ de erasse= (shinijig like) fat 
 from {accumidated) dirt. The dirt has acted as a "filler." 
 Moule=:metal or wooden form on which the cloth of a button 
 is stretched, button mould. The cloth has worn till this fell 
 out. Mise= dress. Q,omij^OYX&\\>= permitted. M6coniptes= 
 disappointmeyits. 
 
 18. Passions de Dionis — Read de Desire. ^Yefle=record 
 office. Huissier=s7ier7^^'s officer. M^avside=affront (cause- 
 less). Ariane — Like Bacchus in the case of Ariadne, D. had 
 been obliged to leave his conquests (when the vacation's end 
 summoned him back to Paris). A.VL\M^\i=mixed repast, 
 feast. He devoured his patron's erotic leavings. 
 
 19. Ricanement=g7m. Greflfter=?^ecorder, ^ine\\e=haiv- 
 thorn berry. Qv^^u^—wooly. Rell)ord=ratsed edge. Expedi- 
 tions, etc. — copy and assumably send the judgments, which 
 he drew up for the judge. Rousseur, etc.=riddled, spattered 
 tvith freckles, (jrenre, etc. — realize her cherished social aims. 
 Carcel, etc. — lamp in which the oil is raised by clockwork. 
 
 20. Coli^ortait=peddled, retailed, repeated. Opiat — akind 
 
of tooth powder, understood as eau piat. Collat^raux — rela- 
 tives out of direct line of descent. Emeutait — brought to- 
 gether in a mob = ameutait. Offices = religious exercises. 
 Bourse, et(i.=weeJdy meeting of a board of trade. Eiitente= 
 accord, mutual support. J)enr^cs=produce. Maiu-d'oeuYre= 
 labor. 
 
 21. Patronne — This uncomfortable remark implies that 
 Mme. D. is a " femme galante," and that failure to establish a 
 "liaison" with her has been occasioned by his own neglect. 
 Conf. p. 18, 2d line. Tinsim\=sly felloiv. Finesses, etc.= 
 let himself be caught by the wiles . . . Quand je, etc.= 
 Didn't I tell you 9 Pretent, e\(i.=credit others with their 
 oivn . . . De trsi\ers=askance. Vrise, eic.=order of arrest. 
 
 23. Filez {\onx=be submissive. En mourrons — En refecsto 
 "leguer." Bien-etre, etc.=so many times employed {in imag- 
 ination) for their comfort. Intitule, etc. — that part of the 
 Inventory of an estate which describes the interested parties. 
 Hantent=:/regnen^ the society of. 
 
 23. Cribl^s=WddZed, overwhelmed, ^weti^s^watched, in 
 the hope of acquisition by purchase or foreclosure. Encoiitre, 
 etc. =oj>posed to. M.m\m.e=petty. The faubourg St. Gr. is 
 the aristocratic quarter of Paris — hence =aris^ocrac2/. ^\c\\- 
 ards=wealthy men. Detaillants, etc.=on a lower plane than 
 which middle class (bourgeoisie) struggle (socially), the petty 
 tradesmen, the (workmen) common people (prol^taires). 
 . . . . Irrsi(i\aiion=branching. Autochthones^ aborig- 
 inal. Tiers €tsd=the people, distinguished from the clergy 
 and nobility, who formed the first and second '• etats.*' Bari- 
 ol6=variegated, varied, relieved. 
 
 24. Ansel me — genealogist of time of Louis XIV. B6n6dic- 
 tins — authors patient as monks of that class. Gotha, etc. — 
 annual containing the history of the princely families of 
 Europe. Atomistique, etc.=knowledge extending even to 
 ultimate atoms, profound learning. Souches, etc.=These four 
 stocks (families) spread (tallaient) instead vf confining them- 
 selves to local growth (pivoter=form a tap root) or distributed 
 themselves by cuttings (boutures). Ruche vaeve^mother-hive, 
 original stock. 'N sly ettes= shuttles. Lambeau, etc. =eac/ipor- 
 tion found itself dress or napkin, fine cambric or coarse lining 
 stuff; i. e., the different branches of the family varied in social 
 rank. 
 
10 
 
 25. Cog-nomonisme — totality of names or their bearers. 
 Retrograde, etc. — The author means simply the ascending 
 progression — 2, 4, 8, etc. " Retrograde " may be understood of 
 the passage from present to past time. This particular series 
 having 2 as its first term (representing two parents) and 2 as 
 its ratio (2X2=4 grand -parents ; 2X2x2=8 great-grand-par- 
 ents, etc.) is loosely described as multiplied by itself. 
 
 26. Echecs=c7iess. Epi=ear. Case=sgware. Echiquier= 
 chess-board. Jja(i\»=net-work. i}ro»=pregnant. Grands 
 parents— grand-parents, ancestors. Morellet — Pronounce 
 Morle, to lead up to the pun. 
 
 27. S^ide — personage in Voltaire's Mahomet so blindly at- 
 tached to him as to be willing to commit murder in his inter- 
 est. Annonce, etc.=^7ie advertisement was permanently in- 
 serted. Affaire = speculation. Coden =" dispensary.'" A 
 moin^=with less cause. Nouyelle H^loise — the famous senti- 
 mental romance of J. J. Rousseau. ClaYeciniste=j)iamsif 
 (nearly). Peines, etc.=degradi7ig punishments. 
 
 28. Fiirer=avoid. An6Yrisme=arterial tumor or 7iea?'i d2s- 
 ease. Petite-maltresse=eZegra?zit lady. Mourir au gite=die 
 at home. 
 
 29. Sawle=w?iZZoM?. 'Rue— get up! Agreste=rural. Nap- 
 pes, etc. — sheets of still water succeeded by falls, apparent 
 reference to dam with still water above it and a sheet of water 
 falling over its face. 
 
 30. Sectaire, etc.=^7ie follower of the free-thhiking school; 
 i. e. , Doctor M. Fr^ron — a critic between whom and V. hos- 
 tility existed. Que le capitaine — Que repeats comme (=par- 
 ce que). 
 
 31. Epuis^e=here rather fully considered than, as usual, 
 run out. Fourrages=/odder, etc. Laisser mourir=Ze^ death 
 catch him. 
 
 32. BStie snr caTes= Tias cellars or a basement. Perron =: 
 front steps. Consacr^, etc.=7ie had used one of these win- 
 dows as the entrance of a long conservatory. . . Cage de 
 I'escalier — space occupied by stairs. OWiCe=pantry. Pra- 
 tiqu^=arra?2g'ed Grillages — furnished with wire netting. 
 lbSimbriss€es=plastered, i. e., finished. 
 
 33. Treillages= if reZZises. 'Ra^porte—produce (pecuniarily). 
 A fresqiie — should follow "peindre." Entidres=o/ a single 
 piece — not mad6, as at first, of small pieces united. Parquet^; 
 
XI 
 
 floor. Marqneterie=:inZaid work. Emigres — nobles who left 
 France during the Revolution. Folie-L.— L.'s Folly — the 
 place on which he spent so much money foohshly. 
 
 34. Leiirr6s=:m2s/ed. Hospices = hospitals, Oardieniie — 
 Note that M. L. had charge of the property during the doctor's 
 absence. Gatiiiais, Brie — names of provinces. yiageres= 
 for life only. 
 
 35. Gouvernante=/ioi(se-A;eeper. Connaissait au^Z^new'^/ia^ 
 Tie had (knew to be to him). Grand-livre=general list of 
 state creditors — book in which government bonds are regis- 
 tered — state ledger. XQ,cvi%i\\eni— indicated. The for France 
 very high rate of interest is partly explained by the depression 
 of government bonds. Huit inilie — Note that this sum is ob- 
 tained by dividing one hundred and sixty thousand francs by 
 twenty years of practice. Larrey — the surgeon philanthro- 
 pist known as " La providence du soldat." L^g-ion d'hon- 
 Jieur — a civil and military order, of unlimited membership, 
 instituted by Napoleon I. to take the place of orders suppressed 
 by the Revolution. Saint Michel — a military order instituted 
 by Louis XI. in 1469; the membership w^as at first thirty-six, 
 afterwards one hundred, and comprised only noblemen of high 
 rank. In 1588 it was united with the order of " the St. Esprit," 
 and given to magistrates, writers, artists, etc. Re-established 
 during the Restoration, it was suppressed in 1830. 
 
 36. Soiiriioiseinent=sZ?/Z2/. Tintouin=:em6arra,9smew^ring- 
 jng in the ears), (^ui les premiers — refers irregularly to 
 petite-niece and mari. 
 
 37. Roiidemeiit, eiQ,.=dealt so closely with. In6dits=?m- 
 puhlished, secret. Hehitions^^influence. Perception=coZZec^ 
 orship. Cautioniieinent=:secMH^2/' Demi-bourse — half ex- 
 emption from educational, board and lodging charges. 
 
 38. Amours, qXc— ruffled vanities. En regard, etc. =op- 
 posite (the descriptions of) the heirs (see p. 22). Grossir 
 la cour=s?re/Z the attendance. Cordon noir — the black 
 ribbon to which was attached his cross of the order of St. 
 Michael. 
 
 39. Tricirnc—backgammon. 'De la force = as good a player 
 as. F^nelou — the prelate, writer, moralist, theologian and 
 philanthropist of the XVIIth century, cited for his gentleness 
 and ardent charity. 
 
 40. Ouailles=/oc&. Vreshyi^re=parsonage. Oobseck — 
 
12 
 
 one of Balzac's impersonations of the avaricious usurer. 
 Oreilles=sJ^raps. His knee breeches are provided with but- 
 tons and straps (fastened by buckles). The latter are in this 
 case passed through the button-holes. De inise=weara6Ze. 
 Reprises = dams. Cilice =/iair shirt. 
 
 41. Convert, etc.=lcnife, fork and spoon of wrought iron. 
 Desservants — his representatives in the smaller towns of that 
 canton, of 'the principal town of which he was himself the 
 curate. The " cures " were from other cantons, and ecclesias- 
 tically his equals in rank. Charge (referring to jpurs)=a bur- 
 den. Fait son salnt=is working out^ its salvation. Rehaus- 
 sstient^ enhanced. Boissean=?ms7ieZ. 
 
 42. Ponrsnivre=sMe or persecute. Lopin=a small piece, 
 bit. Fabricien — manager of the church property. Serment — 
 oath to support the civil constitution of the French church, 
 promulgated by the Revolutionary government. 
 
 43. In manus (tuas Domine commendo spiritum meum) — 
 prayer preparatory for death. Arcades=orbital arches, eye- 
 brows. Qrhoiinants=growing gray. Veau d'Orl^aus — a sort 
 of leather. Sontane = priestly robe, cassocA;. Tricorne — the 
 three-cornered hat worn mainly before the Revolution, and, 
 contrary to B.'s apparent idea, still worn by priests to-day. 
 
 44. Remonter, etc.=I^ was necessary at the outset to (go 
 back to the source of) show the reason for his influence. Ul- 
 ira=extreme royalist. Recneil =coZZec^io?i, publication, maga- 
 zine. Encyclop6diste= /reef /linger (i. e., Doctor M.). Voltal- 
 rien=skeptic. A la=m the style of. 'Ras=short. Similitude, 
 etc.=resemblance of (another's) misfortune (to his own). 
 
 45. Engourdis, etc. = His movements, ivhich {usually, in the 
 presence of others) were rendered sluggish by a languor, less 
 the result of age than of calculation, showed (through their 
 agitation) . . . SanBle ssly oir= without knowing it (while 
 thinking himself a disciple of Voltaire) — perhaps an allusion 
 to M. Jourdain (in the Bourgeois Gentilhomme), who makes 
 prose ** sans le savoir." 
 
 46. Mot de V€nigme=^answer to the puzzle, which their 
 characters offer. Que Madame de P. — continuation of the 
 construction with que le cure above. De guerre lasse, etc. — 
 *' Lasse" agrees with guerre, which figuratively stands for the 
 hostile parties. Trans. : Weary of war (in despair of converting 
 others to his habit of keeping late hours) he had at last adopted 
 
13 
 
 the habit of retiring early in spite of the thorns (painful 
 thoughts) which stuffed his pillow (kept him awake). La rnSine 
 langue — the language of ideas (suggesting general mental 
 equality). La pratique Ae= acquaintance icith. 
 
 47. Flaira=go^ wind of. Garde des sceaux ^mwus^er of 
 justice, Praticiens=e£cpeHencecZ lawyers (who have actu- 
 ally practiced). Faisait son droit=it7as studying law. Chef 
 de division — applied to government clerks of high rank. 
 Bl^mie — implies debilitating causes, while blSme may suggest 
 merely natural pallor. Trans. : rather ivan than pale. 
 
 48. J)6color6s= faded. Rabattus=smoo^/ied dovm, rolled 
 hack. Raniass6 =s/iorf. Etincelles — These are not the snow- 
 flakes which fell from the mouths of Homer's wise men. B. in 
 the strictest sense sputtered. Emouss^=dmwied. Gontenance 
 =bearing. Iisichetsi\i=redeemed. Moraliste=sifMde/i^ of 
 character. Indulgence, eic.=respect for others' opinions, nat' 
 ural to superior minds. 
 
 49. IIlustrations=^7ZMsfr^o^ts men. S'il devait-— ewn if, 
 etc. ]!insLnGe=distinction. Arri^re-saisoii= evening of life, 
 
 50. Cnrsiteur=^guardian. (jSiq\ietiige= gossip. Excessive 
 regard for public opinion would suppress the picturesque di- 
 versity in modes of life which characterized different sec- 
 tions — destroy local coloring — make of France one (same, 
 homogeneous and therefore) monotonous province. 
 
 51. Mere de lsiii=foster-mother. 'Soni'i'ison»=nurselings, 
 Mur6e=walled up, secured from intrusion. Patelinage= 
 wheedling. 
 
 52. Mais elle eut, etc. — Avarice is usually aimless, but, etc. 
 Abounements=sM5sc?'2j)h*ons. Chaussu re =/oof-grear. Toucher 
 et'plsieeT=collect and invest. Trait=re/erence. Souscriptions 
 — solicitations to subscribe to political publications or election 
 funds. V rHr SLille=priestly rabble. Conf. canaille (chie- 
 naille, chien). Cur^ Meslier — left a testament in which he 
 declared his unbelief in the doctrines which all his life he had 
 taught. This was published by Voltaire. Foy — the noted 
 soldier orator. Though neutral in religious matters, he was op- 
 posed by the clerical party on account of his political liberality. 
 
 53. Honionymes^persons bearing same name. Centre= 
 focus of social reunion (like the doctor's). They accordingly 
 met as described below. Gagner, etc,=spread from neighbor 
 to neighbor. 
 
14 
 
 54. Sonrde= stifled. D'^ternel, etc. = God alone is eternal. 
 Damocles — a flatterer of Dionysiusthe tyrant— lauded greatly 
 the good fortune of that prince. The latter, in order to enable 
 him to judge rightly of its value, invited him to a banquet, 
 where, having caused him to be attired and attended like a 
 prince, he had suspended above his head a naked sword, swung 
 from the ceiling by a single horse-hair. Par forme de conver- 
 SSLtion=roughly. Pacte= compact. Avantag-er^/at'or. 
 
 55. II A dvL— he must have. Hemue=handles. Cent seize= 
 16 per cent, above par. Chausserait, e\c.=icould fix (lit., shoe) 
 us nicely. Cliarge=oj^ce, business. 
 
 56. Cern^=hemmed in. Trsinses= alarms. L6sioii, etc.= 
 wit enough to understand an injury to one's interests. Griron, 
 etc. =6osom of the church. Ordinaire — regular prayers or 
 book containing them. Diable, etc. — Allusion to the tendency 
 of the old to prepare for another life. Des notres — of the cler- 
 ico-monarchical partj'. 
 
 57. Contr£iri6i6— vexation. B,irsiii-\l=wouldn't he laugh! 
 Entortiller, eic.='round whom may the devil twist his taill 
 Fontaine, etc. — used here in a very general sense=you can 
 never be sure that a thing ivill not happen. Comme si de rien, 
 etc. = as if nothing had happened. Com'p^re= confederate, ac- 
 complice. 
 
 58. D61i6, etc.=subtile as a silk thread. Usure hypothe- 
 eiiire=usurious interest on mortgages. Tour:=:a ^oirer, refer- 
 ring to his size and immobility. Indienne— crtZico. Garni — 
 Place this word after brode, as in the other edition and trans. : 
 an embroidered bonnet trimmed with lace. 
 
 59. An doig't, etc.=by a move of the finger and a glance 
 of the eye — tyrannically. Clinquant — coliflchets=tinsel — 
 trinkets=s?iow2/ trifles. Troussean=bztnc/i. Crlapissant=: 
 screaming. Bomh^- convex. Yolont6, etc.— Being obliged 
 to furnish wdll-rpower for herself and her weak-minded hus- 
 band, she had been left with enough for a favorite besides. 
 " Rdgnes " further suggests the idea of dominant influence (em- 
 phasized by the I, II, III of royalty below), though these royal 
 figure-'heads were themselves governed by the mistress of the 
 house. Tenne=style of dress. 'Eisih\l==:established in business. 
 Bons sujets, etc.=^ energetic ivorJcers, good postillions. 
 
 60. Nourri, cic.=7mrsed by undiscovered means. Tr§ve=: 
 respite. D^rober, etc,=abstract a bundle of hay or a fern 
 
15 
 
 bushels of oats. Comme uii ehsLt=very illegibly. Toiser=es- 
 timate. Bottelage=tying into bundles, binding. Betement, 
 etG.=turned up at the end so idiotically. Avant lui — She 
 took pains to be the first to be angry. Goiids, elc.=off your 
 hinges, beside yourself. 
 
 61. Prunelles=i)Mi)i7s. Elevation, eic.=the mass had pro- 
 ceeded as far as the elevation of the host. Recueillement= 
 meditation, composure. Chapelles — the compartments along 
 the cathedral's sides. Com=die. Se pr§tent, etc.=are fa- 
 vorable subjects for medallic art. Ration =ra^to, relative size 
 of parts, proportion. Vress6=compressed. 'Fuyaut=retr eat- 
 ing. Vente^inclination. 
 
 63. Sous b6n6flce d'inventaire — law phrase meaning, usu- 
 ally: responsible for the claims against an inherited estate 
 only as far as they are covered by its value. Here, more gen- 
 erally=so far only as it pays. 'F\ocoiis=flocks, tufts. Pou- 
 de-soie — a sort of lustreless silk. Rosette rou^e — badge of 
 the legion of honor. Caract^U^e^ stroiigly marked. Crois^e 
 =window. Paupieres ros€es=reddened eyelids. 
 
 63. Fond de train, etc.=coming up at full speed to the stage 
 office. D^barquer, etc.=to his alighting (from the stage), to 
 meet him on his arrival; as a lawyer he can and as an inter- 
 ested party he will advise us. 
 
 64. Boute-en-train=Z27e and soul. Emoi, et(i.=put in a 
 flurry. Tluet=thin. Portiere— sfage door. Sons-pied8= 
 foot-straps. Attach^ — by a pin or ring. De fantaisie =/anc2/. 
 £lie\reaii=Md. Vomme ^^ or = gold head. Fait expres — al- 
 ludes to the chain left dangling according to the fashion of the 
 time. 
 
 65. Serment — the oath to perform his duties to his clients 
 and abide by the law and constitution. Rire, etc. =Js fun the 
 word 9 (are we going to have a good time?) Licence, etc.— 
 The play upon words is lost in English. You adopt freedom 
 of speech as your theme or (as, sometimes in musical parlance, 
 determining element or) characteristic, now that you are li- 
 censed, your thesis being accepted = Ybit have become blunt 
 since obtaining your degree. Se taise. Mme M. thus under- 
 stands *• these." Ce que yai=my baggage. Bo\irgeonn§=pi7n- 
 pled. 
 
 66. 'Peignoir, etc.=cut like a dressing gown. Pelerine— large 
 turn-down collar. Ourlet=/iem. Corsage=bu.st. Mate= 
 
16 
 
 lustreless. Fard=: (figuratively) cosmetic (by reason of its be- 
 comingness). V^^%\nfiit= outlined. Taille, etc.=a umsi yZai 
 (at the back). Paille de Y\z=rice strmv. Brides=s^rmgs. 
 Ueley i\iit=emphasizing. A la Bertlie — in double flat bands, 
 parted on the forehead. 
 
 67. 'Siittes= plaits or braids. Tresses — implies that the 
 " nattes " were formed by the union of smaller braids. Bosses = 
 salient points (formed by the curving strands of the tresses). 
 FsiAenr=insipidity. Puret6 des l\gneB=beauty (of the 
 sculpturesque or regular order). Vhjsionomie= expression 
 
 I (usually accompanied by irregularity). CAmhre=arched. 
 Cliauss#s=cased. Brodequins= Zoif? boots. Glands^tosseZs. 
 Haies=Zwes along. 
 
 68. N'aurait pas, etc,=even if he had not. Devait siifflre, 
 etc. = there was to be a sufficiency with, . . . one glance 
 
 0i must have sufficed. Aflfaire i YOU.s=your doing, or (with the 
 value of done in your style) so7ne of your handi-iuork. Cou- 
 Yerture, etc.= God is made responsible for many things. 
 
 69. Maqiiv^non = jockey. Couehe=(iead. Comiiie aprds — 
 Comme=a/id emphatic. B. has carelessly interchanged the 
 natural positions of " avant" and '* apres." Fete — day cele- 
 brated in honor of the saint for whom U. was named. 
 
 70. Vens^e=pansy. Mant.elet=cape. Vamers=hoopskirts. 
 Meurtris — circled with black and blue. Fnn6= withered. 
 Tours de cheveux =/aZse front hair. Badiner =:/roZtc (fig.). 
 Trouh\6e=^bewildered (disturbed by anxiety). 
 
 71. Bras dessus, etG.=arm inarm. €re\ette=praivn{sing. 
 popularly for plur. ?) — suggestive of luxurious dinner. The 
 eminently appropriate meaning of woman of easy virtue (fern, 
 of creve dandy) is of recent origin. Floriue— one of B.'s 
 theatrical characters. Tout court — known disreputably by her 
 first name only. Dindonner=:?naA;e a fool of. Creature (sec- 
 ond t\ine)= disreputable womayi. Nathan — one of B.'s literary 
 characters. Boiigraud — even B. with all his shrewdness. Pris=: 
 deceived. 
 
 73. Aiglemont, Rouvre — See p. 23. Hypoth^qu^s— mor/- 
 gaged, conditioned on. T acteur= manufacturer. Italiens — 
 a Parisian opera house, so called from its exclusive rendition 
 of Italian operas. Suppose =/eic/ned. 
 
 73. Tort — V. M. had refused to recognize by marriage his 
 relation to J. M., out of respect to the doctor's wife, his dangl> 
 
17 
 
 ter in marriage. Fonds^stock (in trade). Naturel, eic.=ex- 
 travagant tendencies. 
 
 74. Voulut= willed, resolved. ^Exi^^viencQ— experiment 
 (stated below). Malingre=sicfcZ2/. 
 
 75. Bionfaisance,etc.=The charitable adoption of another's 
 child was an indemnification of his thwarted paternal instinct. 
 'Re\}ortA= transferred. Sensibility profonde=ac2tife sensitive- 
 ness. 'Doi<^ts=toes. Pellicule=:^Zm. 
 
 76. Cliaiig-er, etc. — i. e., in the cases in which these laws in- 
 volved suffering. V orient = extend them {''les delicatesses ") 
 to, manifest them in. 
 
 77. N'est-il pas — inversion usual after aussi. P6tulance= 
 noisy vivacity. Sphere, etc.=its proper environment. Son 
 soleil — especially appropriate developing influences. Se re- 
 connnt i)as=did not recognize to be to himself, saw that he 
 had no right to. . . . Sapron = C/ioperon. 
 
 78. Compte, etc. = Fow will receive credit for this with Ood. 
 En se joiiant=af play, without effort. {lm\ie'asiit= controlled. 
 
 79. EIan=mj9wZse. Nuance, etc.=<?iis distinction is pecul- 
 iar to. Fin, eXc.=Nature's plans and her methods so far as 
 known . . . while stating only exact ideas. Droit a Dien, 
 etc. — sought explanation in immediate reference to Divine 
 power. 'Em\n§tii=encroached. Sermonn§e=2rarnecZ. 
 
 80. Scell^s, etc.=applied the seals to closets, etc., to prevent 
 secret removal of contents prior to division according to will. 
 Servi=&een used. 
 
 81. Mystique — opposed here to materialistic and practical. 
 Trans. : spiritual or heavenly-minded. 'Fillenle=god-daugh' 
 ter. Einl>anin6s=/ragfrawf. 
 
 82. Bandelette royale=(band worn about the forehead in 
 the position of a) coronet. Euisselant=s^reaming. Ruche — 
 plaited lace trimming. Comete=a kind of narrow ribbon. 
 Also a heraldic ornament. Limbes, etc.— strictly, border of 
 Hell, where souls of unbaptized children are received. As the 
 mid'ground between the darkness of Hell and celestial bright- 
 ness it may be rendered twiligJit. Orille — garden-gate made 
 like a grating. Tint b )n=/ieZd firmy stood his ground. 
 
 83. Niaiseries=siZZi/ trifles. En XvQ.iJi= continuing. A (juii 
 le di^— whose first throw? 
 
 84. ijfii^nev— defeat. TwieiXY— guardian. Subvenait=?wef.' 
 Saint Jean.— ** Z7f queant laxis — Re-son are fibris — ilfi-re^ 
 
 2 
 
18 
 
 gestorum— J'a-muli tuorum— S'oZ-ve poiluti— Za-bii reatum — 
 ^Sa-ncte Johannes." Sa was changed to si and do employed 
 for ut in major scales. 
 
 85. Resolution, etc. — At first communion good resolutions 
 are recorded. B. apparently refers to the results of these. 
 Usure, etc.— Their good deeds have reward in view. Com- 
 merce — refers to usure. A la notre — Supply maniere. 
 
 86. Se reservait. — Se is the emphatic word. l)issideiice= 
 difference of opinion. So\i\ag6=relieved. 
 
 87. Troubles — of the passage into womanhood. Eetentisse- 
 ment, eic,=reaction on emotional status. Labourent, etc.= 
 rip up, down to the rocJc, the soil. . . . Gluck — held that 
 music should be subordinate to accompanying thought. L^g-i- 
 timer, etc.=ohtain approval for. Hahnemann — the founder 
 of homoeopathy. Nail — Read Gall. Bosses =&wmps. 
 
 88. Adeptes= initiates, /oZZoit^'ers. Piccinistes — followers 
 of Piccini. Avant I'arrgt — before scientific decision could 
 be reached. Mesmer— the discoverer of so-called animal 
 magnetism. In the following pages B. may be regarded as a 
 mere mouth-piece of contemporaneous ideas. His"Seraphi- 
 tus" and "Jesus Christ in Flanders" support this view. 
 Baquet — a large tank of water. Herein were submerged a 
 quantity of symmetrically arranged bottles, themselves filled 
 with water. Connection with the interior of this tank was 
 maintained by iron wires (fils), the outer ends of which were 
 placed in the hands of the sick. M. himself declared later 
 that his baquet was unnecessary. Triple-face — refers per- 
 haps to heat, light and electro-magnetism, or to electricity, 
 magnetism, and animal magnetism. Perhaps a place should 
 be made for spiritualism. Contemporaine cle=as old as. 
 Qsi\il€e= Galileo. 
 
 89. Accommodaient, etc,= accept, tolerate. Convulsion- 
 naires — name given to fanatics of theXVIIIth century who 
 experienced convulsions and inflicted on themselves tortures to 
 which they claimed to be insensible. Sommation, etc.=a call, 
 an invitation; challenge to make experiments. Dix pieds^z/ 
 there were ten feet. The conclusion is put emphatically in the 
 present. l!!lLsLCih.in§=is (contriYed) like a machine. Jets, etc.= 
 throws, attempts (see jeter, below), trials which chance pre- 
 supposes. Recnlaient=wjere confounded by. Comporte=^acZ- 
 mits, implies. " Que " is object. 
 
19 
 
 90. Saiiit-Hilaire (1772-1844) — conceived the idea of the 
 "unity of organic structure in animals," exemplified by the 
 appearance in the embryo of higher animals, as transitional 
 characteristics, of the permanent characteristics of the adult 
 in lower forms of life. Gain de ca\ise=victory. I)issidents= 
 dissenters (from the view of the medical majority). Tenaient 
 ^oiir=sided with. R§r§»\ar(ineB=heretical leaders. Sourde= 
 stifled, underhanded, unproclaimed, disguised. Robe =pro- 
 fessional (dress) etiquette, official science. 
 
 91. Aiissi, etc.=Is it not also true that (in general) ideas 
 . . . Seraient — is weaker than seront; seront is weaker 
 thansont. Donna dans, ^iQ,=was caught by the new creed. 
 Pr^v6t=lieutenant, chief supporter. Lavater — a special 
 student of physiognomy. 
 
 92. Sweden bor^ — the Swedish scientist and theosoph — be- 
 lieved that he had communion with spirits and received Divine 
 revelations. Seconde y\\^~second sight, divination. Chiro- 
 mancie — the art of foretelling a person's future from his hand. 
 Cartomancie— the art of foretelling the future by means of 
 cards. Horoscopie — the art of foretelling a person's future 
 from the position of certain stars at his birth. Catalepsies 
 trance. Mise en oeuYre, e{c.= stimulation, excitement — The 
 reference is perhaps to hysteria. Amenaient, etc.— ZecZ . . . 
 to (actual) experiment, Tombent, etc. — disappear from view, 
 cease to attract attention. Prescrivent, etc.=can hardly be 
 lost or outlawed (by lapse of time). Tauiiis=dog-hole, den. 
 
 93. line, eic.=unless all sciences are to be regarded as one. 
 Taon— horse-fly. Pouifaient, et(i.=burst out laughirig. Ran- 
 geant, eic»= classifying the facts of magnetism (animal) among 
 the tricks (surprises), etc. Comus, Comte, Bosco — more or 
 less famous jugglers, etc. 
 
 94. Etendent, etc.=give too much scope [to activity). L'on 
 s'y met=forces are joined. Cor\^s=associations. Conyic- 
 iion^ eic.=iVs not your purse but your creed that I am aiin- 
 ing at. 
 
 95. Relever=6e beholden to. Fondroysint= overwhelming. 
 ^&Ant= extinction, \nullity. Hi^lor ^s=weeping. 
 
 96. Jieiidre=give back (save from death). Simire= shroud. 
 RsLdieux=brilliant (luminous, fig., i. e.), convincing. Hoehe- 
 men\s=tossings. 
 
20 
 
 97. Defiance, e\c.=ivhose distrust ims aroused. Baqiiet, 
 etc.=A^o more tubs? Mystifi6=i?7iposed upo7i. 
 
 98. EntrA\ es=shacMes, hindrances, Dit de reille =ca/?e<^ 
 ivaking. Qatne=^ sJieath, envelope. Point d'appui — fulcrum, 
 basis. Von([ev&hle=measurable. Condamn^, etc. — Science 
 has hitherto committed the error of denying what cannot be 
 perceived, instead of criticising its testing instruments. 
 
 99. Comme en Chine — Conf. note, p. 69. Etre pour rien= 
 exercise any influence. Se recneillir=coZZeci himself. Pytho- 
 nisse — the prophetic priestess of the Delphic oracle. Trepied — 
 the tripod on which she sat while receiving inspiration. As- 
 pirer, etG,=breathe in through him. 
 
 100. Panpieres, etc.=/oiyered, closed eyelids. Cabajontis — 
 an architectural jumble. This is the "pavilion chinois"of 
 p. 32. Yigne y\^vg^~ivy-grape. Cadran solaire— szm-dmZ. 
 Plantoir=seed-planter, dibble. Ratisser^ra/te. 
 
 101. Personrfe ne piit=anz/ one might not — or in full: ex- 
 cept ichat any one might. Inquiet — See p. 87. Limpidit6= 
 clearness, purity of style. Je le veux bieu=I am willing as to 
 it, I admit it or, as often, very well. 
 
 102. De qui tenir, etc.=s7ie has whom to resemble, i. e., 
 there is no lack of persons from whom to inherit intensity of 
 feeling. Voyait, etc. = one might see her see. 
 
 103. Se d6pite=:2s vexed. II sera — 1. e., Savinien. R^- 
 »6dA— mignonette. Vols, eiii.=siv€et peas. Balsamines — same 
 in Eng. Pieds, etQ,=larkspur. A m.esnre=successively, im- 
 mediately. 
 
 104. Yitr6=glazed. Case = compartment. R,ang^e=roiy. 
 
 105. Dartreux — from dartre, a skin disease. Percluse= 
 paralyzed (nearly), impotent. Trom\)a=beguiled. 
 
 106. Sicambre — " Baisse la tete, fier Sicambre; adore ce que 
 tu as brule et br^ile ce que tu as adore " — words addressed to 
 the French King Clovis (who belonged to the Sicambrian tribe) 
 by St. Remy, bishop of Rheims, at the moment of baptizing 
 him. Mises en raport=Joined. Papillotes=cwrZ-papers. 
 Vrie-J)ieu=praying-desk. 
 
 107. Epluche=picks, minutely examines. Dessiller=ope?i. 
 Voie du ssilu.t=way of salvation. 
 
 108. Partie=asZeep. Cabriolets bourgeois — sort of cov- 
 ered buggy, styled bourgeois as being better and cleaner than 
 the ordinary " fiacre." 
 
21 
 
 109. Bien tu — i. e., he found her statements correct. Yons 
 avez quelque chose = something troubles you. 
 
 110. Ilxsiiie§!e= granted my prayer. 
 
 111. Kaison, etc. — that she might not lose her reason 
 through fear. Croiriez-vous — conf. note on seraient, p. 91. 
 Vert iun=plain green. Gris de \in— gray violet. Console= 
 bracket. Marbre (first tiine)=marble slab. Comim ode =c/ies^ 
 of drawers. Dessus, ei(i.=marble top. Breche d'Alep — black 
 marble streaked with white and yellow. Vieille perse=o?d' 
 style chintz. A la duchesse — with canopy and curtains. Can- 
 neUeB=Jluted. Ecaille=fo?^^o«se shell. 
 
 113. Arabesques — intricate and fantastic ornamentation, 
 (strictly) excluding, aCcording to the Koran, all representation 
 of animal life. Chambranle=c/iimne2/ piece. Triimeau= 
 pier, brackets. Crrisaille — imitation of bas-relief done in black 
 and white. Armoire, etc.=wardrobe, the doors of ivhich pre- 
 sented . . . U respirai t=^/iere was exhaled. Par main- 
 tien=^o keep himself in countenance. 
 
 113. Pantelante, e\>c.= gasping, from the effects produced 
 by . . . Tournait, etc,~he wandered about, to and fro. 
 Ylam})esL\ix= candle-sticks. Menottes—little hands. Sou- 
 ^essi=iveighed with his hand. Be faeteur (letter-carrier, 
 clerk) — suggests cheapness, vulgar destination. Piece de con- 
 yitiion = criminating evidence. Saint — See note on fete, 
 p. 69. S'6croula=/eZZ down. 
 
 114. Terminus, etc.=were bounded, characterized in their 
 extreme reach by infinite qualities, verged upon the infinite. 
 Quasi=aZmos^. Crenses=empty, vain. Chancelait:=:io^^ered. 
 Yoie — Read i^otcc as in other edition. Chercher querelle=ifo 
 quarrel (of the provoking party). Boutes— c?ow6^s of the sound- 
 ness of his previous belief. 
 
 115. Bedressait=zt:'as righting. V&rXie^game. 
 
 116. Piege, etc. =/ am not trying to trap you. Conven- 
 tion =agreemenif. 
 
 117. Racheter^redeem. Etourdit=5ew5i7dered. Graces 
 Divine mercy. Troxihl^zzagitated. 
 
 118. Marraine=god-mo;f/ier, ^orotector (in his new spiritual 
 life). Bressane — patronymic of Bresse, the former name of 
 a French province. 
 
 119. Audacieux=:&oZcf. vigorous. Plaics— z(?ce?'s, implying 
 metaphorically guilt and suffering. E<litenr, etc.— person re- 
 
22 
 
 sponsible for all that appears in a publication. Here, figura- 
 tively, of the author of creation. II se Yoyait, etc.=# icas 
 thereby evident that he ivas making progress. . . . ]V6o- 
 ^\i}te=^new convert. Symbole, etc.=the everlasting symbolic 
 meaning associated with this (nourriture) spiritual repast. 
 Peii^tr^, etc.=understood in its inner, deeper, brighter mean- 
 ing. 
 
 120. Salissant— mZi/2/mg. Prodiguaient=Zai;2.s7ied, heaped 
 upon. Pr^tendu=aZ?egred. Tramait=i(;as weaving, forming. 
 Hoiiugte — ironically used. Dejeuner — taken in France at 
 noon. Coquillage=s/ieZZ-yis/i. Auberge=to2;ern. Com- 
 muns — kitchen, stables, carriage-houses, etc. Payillon — usu- 
 ally a summer house, here means an ac^iition, used as a dining- 
 room. Terrible — L.'s example may be regarded as terrible, 
 because others followed it and were thereby ruined — or be- 
 cause his ruin frightened others out of building in any but the 
 plainest style, with resulting injury to the architecture of the 
 town. 
 
 121. T^.n({vi=hung (conf. paper-Ziangrer), adorned. Buffets, 
 ^Xe.= walnut side-boards. Poele en faience — stove built of 
 tiles. Cartel — a kind of clock. Taisselle — plates and dishes. 
 Grain, etc. — A particle of shot, left in the bottle from a previ- 
 ous cleaning, being buoyed up by a bubble of carbonic acid 
 formed upon it, might rise to the surface, lose its bubble, sink 
 again, etc. Mis au XsL\i=acq'dainted. Authentique=awZ/ior- 
 itative, self-sufficient. Tient, etc. = is very dear, is a source of 
 anxiety. 
 
 122. Captatrice — one who uses improper influence. Rome — 
 a clumsy attempt at wit. Guides, etc.— five francs expended 
 in gratuities over and above cost of transportation. Intente- 
 riez, etc.= FoM would bring against U. a suit (which would, 
 however, be) rather disadvantageous to you, for this reason: 
 the other side may claim that there is no relationship between 
 U. and the doctor (In such case he might legally wnll his prop- 
 erty to her, as to any stranger). Still, such a suit would alarm 
 a defenseless girl and lead to some compromise (transaction). 
 Cassation, ei(i.=court of appeals or, more strictly, anmdment. 
 
 123. Parents, etc. = ea:^ended the scope of illegitimate rela- 
 tionship. Interposition, etc.— strictly, a legal act by which 
 one makes a conveyance to a person with the agreement that 
 the recipient is to transmit the property to a third person. 
 
23 
 
 Trans., through a third party, mediately, indirectly. Rap- 
 proches= compared. En tant que=as. Interposition, etc. 
 (second time)= could no longer be regarded as a means of medi- 
 ate or indirect benefaction (of his parent). ^&dn<ies= sittings, 
 sessions. * 
 
 124. Conduire U., etc.^bring {your suit against) U. to 
 a higher court. Haut-Ie-corps=s^ar'^s. Th6a;tres=pMppeif 
 shows. Braqu6s=d2>ec^ed. VQ^exunqvL^^ one attitude or ex- 
 pression. Gain de cause, ^\c.=you would win. Badinent= 
 trifle. l£in(in.G)te=investigation. 
 
 125. Avertis — certain to learn beforehand, through the 
 legal forms required. * Domicile=residenee (by which he would 
 acquire legal rights). Sa future =:7l^s wife to be. He would 
 (fictitiously acknowledge as her dowry brought him by her 
 marriage) receipt for a million, which would be paid her out 
 of his estate at his death. ridei-commis=irMs^. Doigt de 
 cour, etc. =coMrf her a little. M\^(iM— attracted. Belle 
 pouss^e=fine thing or advance (ironical), great gain! 
 
 126. Nue-propri6t6 — ownership of property whose income 
 goes to another. Ramass^e, etc.^picfced up in the street {on 
 the square). Tertu, etc. (more commonly vertu chose) — eu- 
 phemism for vertu de Dieu. Enfoncerait=:?'wm. 
 
 127. Maintenir la parole, etc.=fceep the lead in conversation 
 u'ith D. Test^=:made a will. Opinion =:admce. Sainte- 
 P61agie=de6tor's prison. Ecrou6= entered in the jail book. 
 Cent et quelques=:a hundred and odd. ^qti.\q^= government 
 bonds. D6gager=reZease. Foncidres^Zanderf. Cr^ances 
 h ypoth6caires=mor fgagres. 
 
 128. M. Josse — See Moliere, L'amour medecin, Acte I, 
 Scene I. Entendez, etc.=:ctcf together. Amant, etc. — By 
 turning her head with a love affair, you prevent her marriage 
 to the doctor (or to any one). Etreint=g'?'asped, seized. 
 {^\i\fSY^Q— definitely (stated) known. Lambiner, etc.=keep her 
 waiting, delay her marriage. D^font — A promise to marry is 
 easily broken. Le ver, etc.=that (the carrying out of his evi- 
 dent scheme) zcould spoil all. 
 
 129. Frottes, etc.= Fow look out for number one. D'oreille 
 a oreille — She speaks in his ear and expects answer at .equally 
 short range. Leurs in t^rets — Emphasize "leurs." Humant= 
 sipping. Yiolac^e =purple. 
 
M 
 
 180. Valons, etc.=TFe are as good (strictly rich) as he is. 
 Though I can't write prescriptions, I can manage rny affairs. 
 Cinquante et uri, etc. (also trente et un, trente six, quarante 
 deux)=put my bes^ foot foremost (especially in the matter of 
 dress). Honoraires, eic,=and yet they begrudge us our fees. 
 
 131. Be commmide = forced, feigned. Ursiile == Ursula = 
 little she-bear. Forte = forte i>i-dno=piano-forte. 
 
 132. A ce »oir ={good-bye) till this evening. Lisez, etc.= 
 read my wishes. 
 
 133. Rapporter, etc.=find a motive for in him, associate 
 with his name. Massif, etc.=cZwsfer -o/ climbing plants. 
 Donner le chAiige= mislead. TsL^oisLnt=tapping. Frustre- 
 r£ii=balk. Ce lie sera ]}Sis'i=you will not, ivill you 9 
 
 134. Laque=( Japanese) lacquer work. Ruiue — which had 
 caused his financial ruin. 'Ssirquois= derisive (of the heirs). 
 liAissez, etc.={They think) you are going to bequeath. . . . 
 You stir them up and they bestir themselves. 
 
 135. Agit^e, etc. = too much for that it should not have been, 
 so much that it had been. . . . Repoussait, ei(i.=declined 
 to recognize illegitimate superfluous groivths upon the family 
 stock. Epouseraient, etc.=^/iai the uncles of a bastard should 
 adopt his affection for his own offspring. lLnciine=gap. 
 liicSLj)iicit€=legal disqualification. 
 
 136. Trds-spirituelle, etc.^ingenious and (cons^quentielle) 
 inflexible reasoners (i. e., follow their reasoning to its conse- 
 quences), bonhomie —simplicity. Avec Zelie, ^ic.—with Z. 
 (as an opponent) we shoidd (necessarily go) carry our case. 
 Eiiteiidraieut, etc. (Read, as in other ed., etendraient)=e£i?i^end 
 the scope of the law, with a view to extending the protection 
 which it affords to marriage. 
 
 137. ¥arii\eni=screen, stand-between, go-betiveen, agent. 
 Wniihh\6=mac?iinated, plotted. Defiance, eie.=the lack of 
 confidence which the spiritual (lit,, fix'st choice. This idea is ex- 
 panded below, covering genius and emotionality) inspires in 
 the practical mind. Le mollis— loiv-grade intelligence. Le 
 li\}is=intelligence of the highest order. Leiir, etc. — *' Voir," 
 imitates faii'e and laisser in its constructions. 
 
 138. liiterets=in/eres^ (money). Microscopiques=anmaZ- 
 cidce or the microscopic. Egaler = equal in importance. 
 Essayons — try to stimulate her curiosity about the interview, 
 
25 
 
 by hinting that D. is the bearer of a marriage offer. As young 
 women are a law to themselves in love affairs, she may at- 
 tempt to discover the subject of their conversation. Intime= 
 ijiterior, ivith herself. Persieiines=Z>Z2nds. Inventa=/oM.nd, 
 hit upon, bethought herself, feigned. Faites=:do so, go on! 
 
 139. Me voir, etc. =see to me, . . . know that my prop- 
 erty icas invested in real estate, etc. Conf, 2d note, p. 35. 
 
 140. Ber^ere — a sort of arm-chair. Fha.rmaiiie= collection 
 of drugs. Remplacez-inoi^^a/je my place (show the notary 
 out). Aimerait-elle= Does she perchance love him? Conf. 
 note on seraient, p. 91, and on aura mine, p. 14. Crise (first 
 t\n-\e)=nervous attach. Maria^e in Q:Xivem.\^=death-bed mar- 
 riage — alluding to the doctor's age. 
 
 141. Eiiticli6e=a fanatic on the subject of . . . Heureu- 
 sement — See beginning of second paragraph above. Sub- 
 stitute depitf?/ (king's counsel). Rabattrai=:/aZZ back on. 
 
 142. Pouls, etQ,=felt her pulse. Mon coeur — usual term 
 of endearment. Saint Denis — See note on Fete, p. 69, and 
 p. 113. 
 
 143. Malle = mail-coach. Gentil = charmijig. Peign6 = 
 combed. Yirgule — tuft of hair on lower lip. GrOsier= i/iroa^. 
 
 144. l)6marche=z^aZA;, gait. Orille^iro^ gate. ... I 
 then had an opportunity to look at him. Bougival — What 
 was B. doing? How did you avoid her notice? Plante, etc.= 
 standing motionless. 
 
 145. Attraper, etc. =reac/i your sixteenth year. B6nie= 
 blessed — has little force. S'empare de— masters. 
 
 14G. Bendraient ra\son=explain. Haute maui= control. 
 
 147. AntTe$—SLntreB=07ie thing — another. Meni a=belies. 
 Au grand }our^undisguisedly. Cliez Yous=wiih ivomen. 
 
 148. Heritiercs — In heiresses (or rather their protectors) he 
 w-ould excite special suspicions. Malheur, etc.=i^ is an ill 
 wind that blows nobody any good. JJ. may, alluding to the 
 doctor's last words, mean that the barriers between S. and 
 other women may guide him to her. Pour cent, etc. =as much 
 as. . . Coffrer ;=Zocfc up. D^considdre, ^ta, —injures, de- 
 grades . . . now^a-days. Mis sur la paille=rmned. Note 
 the vividness of the future of completed action. Pi re correc- 
 tion =itor6e (severer) chastisement. 
 
 149. N'eut-elle — The inversion expresses condition. Mor- 
 tifications, etc.— Bejir your unhappiness in such a way that it 
 
26 
 
 may be accepted by God, as if it were a voluntary renuncia- 
 tion of happiness for His sake — or accept it as if inflicted by 
 Him. 
 
 150. Allait Aire— was on the point of saying. Rez-de- 
 chauss^e =gfrownd floor. Comble, etc.= completed. Ramass6= 
 absorbed in thought; or, better (of accompanying attitude), 
 drawn together. Valets de th§sitre= stage valets. 
 
 151. Boiseries = wainscotings. rendillements = cracks. 
 Mainteiiu, etc.=held together by the paint. C&rresLU=tile 
 floor. S^arierie=rushwork. Clair-obscur — an effect of 
 light, brightening the surfaces which it strikes and leaving 
 the rest in shadow. Pastel — picture drawn with colored 
 crayons. Rejeton=sc2on. 
 
 152. Accrue =mcreased. Vill^le — minister of Charles X, 
 introduced a bill giving a billion francs to the nobles deprived 
 of their property by the Revolution. TlsLtt€e=fondly hoped, 
 ^eleyer =re-establish, bring back to a becoming social status. 
 Eiit §t6 d^Jlon6=would have been thwarted. 
 
 153. Bourgeois — See p. 158. Conconrent=unite in serv- 
 ing. N'en €tait, etc.=was not in regard to matters (en) yet 
 otherwise than at seeking . . , had progressed only so far 
 as to be seeking a graceful phrase. Sous I'Empire — at a con- 
 siderably earlier period. 
 
 154. R^clameiit=aim at, aj^ec^. Ajaj^Mirj on = entertainer. 
 T my er= associate. Pouvait— Note that "ruiner" alone is influ- 
 enced by the preceding condition. Hence "pouvait," as usual, is 
 indicative. Trans. : had he not been just what he is, his fortune 
 might have ruined him. Y est, et(i,=The witticism is a good 
 one. Commandiie—investment. Agr^ments, etc. — strictly, 
 music, dancing and other polite means of receiving and giving 
 pleasure. These frequently becoming means of annoyance, 
 the word "desagrements" is added. Trans. : a university educa- 
 tion, supplemented by instruction in polite — and impolite — 
 accomplishments, tvhich teaches you nothing worth knowing. 
 . . . Traduction =adaj)fai2on, rather than translation — 
 allusion to lines 11 and 12 of Philemon et Baucis: *'I1 lit au 
 front de ceux qu'un vain luxe environne — Que la Fortune 
 vend ce qu'on croit qu'elle donne." 
 
 155. Mar^chal des \o^\^= quartermaster. Void bieutot, 
 o.{c.=nearly six years ago. ¥u.s^es=rockets — adaptation of 
 Malherbe's famous line 15 of the *' Consolation a M. Du Perrier : '* 
 
27 
 
 **Et, rose, elle a vecu ce que vivent les roses, L'espace d'un 
 matin." Fiche, ^Xc— penny-stakes. Tendre, etc.=regions of 
 sentiment — allusion to Mile. Scudery's ingenious map. 
 
 156. Snr=w answer to. Balistique, etc,=science (of pro- 
 jectiles). Escompte, etc. = discounted his note, advanced him 
 money on "easy terms.'' Reiiouvellements=renewals or tirne- 
 extensions (on his notes). Hei^ort =" brought forward.'" 
 Trans. : skilfully apply their virtue during a first marriage 
 upon the account of a second. Raisoiiii^e= calculated, based 
 on advantage. 
 
 157. Emile de F. — Read Emilie de F.,. her maiden name. 
 Lettre de chang'e=6i7Z of exchange. ^§res=sherry. 
 
 158. Source, etc. = (fig.) borrow from the usurers. Jeu= 
 /iand (as in cards), resources. €o(ines=knotted ribbons. Uan- 
 ^SLr=shed. ^re»= sandstone. Crf.^ie =rough-coated. 
 
 159. Antichambre, etc.=does not lead to. Fendns, etc.=: 
 long and wide — of the opening between the eyelids. Svelte = 
 slendei — a point of special French admiration. Race=5reec?- 
 ing. Commissioiinaire=Zz7i;e those of a porter. Brun — mas- 
 culine of brunette. Compte, etc.=/aiZ to understand, cannot 
 explain. Lancer, etc.— the way you turn your eyes. 
 
 160. Embrocher=?'zm on a spit — allusion to the conven- 
 tional two hearts pierced by one arrow. Reporter^carr^/ 
 over. 'B&nqne = financiering, trickery. Honssit = scorches, 
 deteriorates. Avec mesure, etc.=pay a moderate part of your 
 debts. 'Porte=propose, drink, Fille d'argeut=n'c/i girl 
 (sought for her wealth). 
 
 161. Ma maison, ete.^our house was your son's home, he 
 icas like a member of our family. Oh6re= overwhelmed (in 
 debt). 
 
 162. Paralyser, etc.^render ineffective the efforts. . . . 
 Yoeux = best wishes. Lombards = money-lenders. Quand 
 mSrae, etc. — which we owe you as relatives (out of considera- 
 tion for your name), even if . . . (to be taken as a mere 
 polite formula). 
 
 163. Frasque=/reafc, prank. Appartenir, ete.=belong to 
 our- family. Asr^er=receive favorably. Ker^arouet=one 
 of my birth and pride. Parti, etc. =:c/ioose a course. Bail, 
 ei(i.=the lease is expired and has been running twenty-four 
 years. 'Ferma,ge=rent. Pot-de"Yin=6owws. 
 
28 
 
 164. Sensible, ietc.=/ie will deeply appreciate your (sictiou] 
 condescension. Kerg-arouet (without article) — is adjective, 
 suggesting the quaHties and especially the pride of that family. 
 Petit M. = insignificant. Apres, etc. — (what comes) after, 
 i\eY.t'i=ivhat of that? Tranchaient=deeided. 
 
 165. Actueis=presen^. Trouva=M^ upon. Casaquiii= 
 jacket. Soyez paisible — used like soyez tranquille=?2ei;ej' 
 fear (that re-heating will injure your coffee). Baiii-niarie= 
 pot of hot water. 
 
 166. X\\\^v(i=haughty. M^nag^e, etc.=://ie small door ar- 
 ranged in the great door (or gate), to avoid the inconvenience 
 of opening the whole great door merely to admit a person. 
 Tomba, etc. — phrase modeled on tomber de Charybde en 
 Scy 11a = escape one ill only to fall into a greater. Defiance = 
 distrust. Aux petits soins=aZZ attention. 
 
 167. liSL=key of A, three sharps. 'Eclsiir§e= explained mat- 
 ters (to). 'Eu\ie=wish (to hear her play). Oiitrecuidaiice= 
 self-sufficiency. Bien=indeed, rather, really. Pi\rtie=ga7ne. 
 Tirdrent, etc.=made their parting salutation. Grrllle, etc.= 
 when the grating rang (from the shutting of the gate). 
 
 168. Charivari =?nocfc serenade, had music. Ce iie sera, 
 etc. Fut. of demonstration, see note p. 14==it will not be 
 [found to be) at N. Trans. , not at N. B8te a vent — Mme. 
 C.'s understanding of Bethoven=:vox et preterea nihil. Clijr- 
 nee=winJced. Kijanr^Q— affected lady, minx. Carillon = 
 jangle. Sonacles — Mme. C.'s senseless understanding of so- 
 nate. Chsit'dv^nier= chestnut tree. 
 
 169. Grasse— Wc/i, M.iUen=7nedium, environment. Haie= 
 hedge, barrier. lit flos — in septis secretus nascitur hortis 
 . . . sic virgo dum intacta manet, dum cara suis est . . . 
 vid. "Carmen Nuptiale." 
 
 170. Escojuptait, etc,=:=was obtaining advances, subject to 
 heavy discount, on property which would not be his until his 
 mother's decease — was discounting his 7nQthe7''s death. Du 
 bon, et(i.=has good in him; and the reason for believing it is 
 the very fact that he is in prison. Borne — stone planted 
 near corner of house or post of carriage-door, as a protection 
 against wagon Avheels. 
 
 171. D-marche convenue^s^ep agreed upon, Inteuclant= 
 agent. 
 
29 
 
 172. Piste, etc.=on the track of a madcap' a naughtiness. 
 Quote-part— conhnge?!^, share. Failli, etc.=mi9sed, was neat 
 going. Se la laissa, etc.— Se is dative, as in laissa or permit 
 qu'il lui prit la main. 
 
 173. Diificul16s, ete.=^/ie objections ivould properly exist. 
 
 174. En fait de, etc.=m the matter of marriages. Enipg- 
 clierez — Read empechez, as in other ed. ; or, as is allowable, 
 carryover "vous" from "songerez"as subject for "empe- 
 cherez," thereby investing the abbe's words with more diplo- 
 matic courtesy. Coup6=/orzt'ard section. De rente, etc.=]fo 
 keep (the capital which would produce) a sou of income (in- 
 vested) in government securities. \iA^Q= settled. Actions, 
 etc.=seZZ his stocks (manufacturing, etc.) and government 
 bonds. En Iiausse=adi7ancing'. 
 
 175. Valoir, etc.=kept profitably irivesfed. En bon pere de 
 famiile — legal formula used to define the duties of guardian 
 in the care of ward's property. Tout un apparteLient=a 
 ivhole suite. ^eU^ion^^conscientiousness. 
 
 176. Stationna=stood; remained. ^VL\e\\Q\= small gate, 
 wicket. Quittances=receipfs. Titres=(ieeds, documevits. 
 
 177. Bons du T r§sor =^Treasury bonds. Ecrou — entry in 
 the jail-book; with lever (to clear, ca.nce[)=liberate {the pris- 
 oner). Enjeu, ^X^.^^your stake upon the gaming table (green 
 cloth) of Z2/e (fortune). Epoque actuelle=the existing epoch, 
 the spirit of his time. Concurrence=compe^2^ion. Recherche, 
 etc.=open endeavor. Monde=.socia^ world. 
 
 178. Pas trop, etc.=had none too much with his influence 
 for himself, had no influence to spare. Milieu=medmm, 
 plane, sphere. Unique mobile=soZe, prime motor. A I'instar 
 de=m imitation of. De la rue, etc. — while being driven from 
 the prison to the doctor's hotel. D^veloppa, etc.=unfolded, 
 communicated the substance . . . to the doctor. **Auvleux 
 medecin" should follow "developpa." Revanche=re<2a'/2 
 game, chance to prove his ivorth. De inise, etc.=OM^ of fashion. 
 
 179. Plus de hoblesse, etc.=:2i is not blood that counts to- 
 day but power (especially that of money), see p. 190. Paper- 
 asses— papers (pejorative). 
 
 180. Philistins — though much used of non*university peo- 
 ple, and especially of the mercantile class, is to be taken as 
 mere Biblical metaphor, like "enfant prodigue" (prodigal son) 
 below; printed with a capital in other ed. Nattes=6rawis, 
 
30 
 
 SoUicitiide, etc. — A mother would welcome special intimacy 
 only from a declared and valued suitor. 
 
 181. Paille, etc.=plain braided straw. Petit jonr=daton. 
 Cahots=:joZis. Q\\\Woii\\^— crumpled. 'R^tvon^^^— crowded 
 hack. 
 
 182. Elle %e.YA\i=ivere she. Bien entendu, aia.—his intelli- 
 gently understood welfare. If preceded by a comma, would 
 mean in his interest of course. Epris=&ee?i captivated. 
 
 183. Politiqiie»=diplomats. Collcilial)ule=/^os^^7e convoca- 
 tion. UGCon^iuslt = escorted home. Bonne=7iursery maid 
 (or maid of all work). 
 
 184. D6bloqu6=raised the blockade of, liberated. Pat- 
 ronne — indicates Mme. P.'s importance in the doctor's eyes. 
 Cuits= cooked, j^ed. Con tr at, etc. = a marriage contract in- 
 stead of a 7nortgage. Reconnaltre, etc. = will cause him to 
 receipt for, will give as a dowry. Bijou, eic.=to his darling. 
 Retenir, etQ.=engage a beef tenderloin. Besogne, etc. — 
 There is making itself some beautiful business. Trans. : fine 
 doings! 
 
 185. Jour de souffrance=side window allowed to exist by 
 special permission (sufferance) of a neighbor ; hence, generally, 
 a small ivindow. Se d^Yeloppait=if?as arranged. (Eil-de 
 boeuf, etc.=row/id window looking out on the court (which in 
 this case is behind the house). De vaoiii^^ wanting. l)essus= 
 thereon. (^Y^YQS=badges (of his membership in orders). 
 Prisa=foofc snuff. Table de nuit — table for holding lamp, 
 etc. A y}%n\i\QV=witli holy ivater bowl (attached). Babioles= 
 trifles. 
 
 186. Craehoir= spittoon. T oyer =fire-plaee. Port6, etc.= 
 Entered, for this act, in the list of those first to be promoted to 
 the rank of commodore, he received the order of St. Louis. 
 Vacaiice — appointment to the first vacant position of commo- 
 dore. 
 
 187. Noblesse — the great future, utility, social mission of 
 the nobility. Arhor§=hoisted (of flags). Esprit, etc.— You 
 are virtually in his presence. Tache de boue=mud spot, dis- 
 grace. Lettre de cachet — sealed letter from the king, serv- 
 ing as an arbitrary warrant. 
 
 188. Scene=dramaiic art. H6cit=:narrative literature. 
 Exposition — that part of a drama, etc., which sets forth the 
 
31 
 
 OF THF 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 o. J 
 
 characters and their mutual relations ; it is followed by the 
 action and the denoument. 
 
 189. Action, etc.=:r/ie action (see preceding note) began hy 
 the (coming into) play of a motive (lit., spring) so worn out 
 (iis6). . . . Agissait, etc.=if there were not action in re- 
 gard to, if the case were not that. . . . Puis6 dans=drawn 
 (of water) in, derived from, ^ngagement^contest. 
 
 190. Solitlaires=united in mutually responsible partner- 
 ship, a unit. 'Pensionnat=boarding school — cited as furnish- 
 ing a minimum of good breeding. Unt^tement^ obstinacy. 
 Breton — patronymic of Bretagne. 
 
 191. Chimdre, etc.=a visionary idea (of what nobility ought 
 to be) which can be realized to-day only by the aid of ivealth. 
 Scarron, eic,=Madame Maintenon, wife of Louis XIV. Ho- 
 (i)\SLn%=flinging up. 
 
 193. Devait avoir=mt*si have had. Vllain =peasani (of 
 feudal times). Ma petite — lacks respect, and is followed by a 
 distinct intimation that U.'s invitation is merely a necessary 
 politeness to the doctor. Veut bien— ts willing. 
 
 193. L'ame, etc. =mos^ highly spiritualized portraits. Sym- 
 \io\Q— symbolic of the healing art — refers to "rappele," etc., 
 above. It was in fact the order of St. Maurice to which that 
 of St. L. was united. 
 
 194. Au devaiit de=ifo meet. Acqnis^Jcnowledge of the 
 world. Poursuites, eic.=bundles of "proceedings'' and re- 
 ceipted bills which formed the basis of, were vouchers for, an 
 account. . . . ^^dQniivL— approved. AflFaire, e\Q,. = This 
 business concerns D. Ral)aisser=wnderi;aZMe, humiliate. Son 
 importance, etc,=deprive the bourgeoisie of its importance. 
 
 195. Base, etc. — to, use them as the basis of the mortgage. 
 There has been no payment (to you or your lawyers) in cash; 
 i. e. , as no money has passed through our hands we must have 
 the vouchers, from which to determine the face of the mort- 
 gage note. Remit, etc,=reeovered from her agitation. M.§- 
 chiincei€= maliciousness. S(i^l^rsLtesse=criminalify. 
 
 196. Devait aller, etc. = were she to frequent society. A ce 
 g§n§reux, etc* — depends on "arrache" (torn, forced). 
 
 197. Obliges par=2mder obligations to. T6moins, etc.= 
 witnesses required by law for the validity of instruments exe- 
 cuted in towns iii which there is only one notary. Usually the 
 witness of two notaries is required, of whom the first draws 
 
32 
 
 the mortgage, preserving it as his own statement of his client's 
 act. Y donnait=gare (in,) according to this document. Rem- 
 honrsement=repayment. The mortgage was a conveyance 
 of siicli part of her property as was necessary to cover the doc- 
 tors claim. Hence the " jusqu'au." 
 
 198. Rien devoir=5e under any obligations. Frais du con- 
 trat — The government tax, lawyer's fees, registration, etc., 
 make 6,000 francs + 5,000 interest=ll,000. Enregistremeiit= 
 registration, involving payment of tax. Renvois — marks re- 
 ferring to additions at foot or side of page. Pr^texta de — 
 Though the use of "de" with this verb is not sanctioned by 
 the Academy, it is quite common and suggests that the fatigue 
 alleged by the Dr. is actual, though not the true cause of his 
 departure. Seul, ^ia,— alone with the vicomte remained (ivith 
 Mme. P.). En^lobant^a&sorbmg. 
 
 199. Q\\\\Q\vo\^Y(i\\\^-ivhispered. Cornet=dice box. Conte- 
 iiance= (an occupation as a help to) self-possession. 
 
 200. D'lte =^recited, executed. Acquis, etc.— fallen to the 
 share of . . . alone. Trans., by a special jorivilege of this 
 art, Iiigrat^yielding little return for effort emploj'ed, thank- 
 less, expressionless, l^^rillense ~dangerous{ly delicate), frail. 
 Par uu jeu, etc.=62/ her delicate and (dreamy, thoughtful) 
 appreciative (and hence expressive) or (following another line 
 of thought, dreamy, imaginative) poeifzc. 
 
 201. Son ame — Her soul is viewed as an ornament to her 
 person. Pr^cis^ment=exactly, to be sure, indeed, as it hap- 
 pens, "this word, of weak concessive value, limits what is at 
 the moment rather understood than expressed. The music 
 teacher's absence, its cause (the lessons given in advance), the 
 occasion of the cause (the presence of U. and the Dr. in P.) and 
 the condition of the cause (the teacher's residence in P.), are 
 handled in the first sentence of the paragraph as one fact, the 
 "precisement" (which should properly accompany the state- 
 ment of his absence) being put with the statement of his resi- 
 dence. It would have been simpler to write : qui precisement 
 ne se trouve pas chez nous aujourd'hui. C'est parce qu'il a 
 profite de notre sejour a P. (o\i il demeure) pour donner a U. 
 une legon par jour. Sans cela il serait venu ce matin. 
 
 202. Gre, etc.=I am gratified. . . Accepter ^ diner — 
 more fully, accepter une invitation a diner. 
 
33 
 
 203. D^fraya=paid the expenses of, furnished the materials 
 for, formed the subject of. Se nivellent— are equalized. De 
 plain-pied =0^1 an equal footing. Retranchement=s^ro?igf- 
 hold. Passions = love. Conqu^rir = obtain by conquest. 
 Entente=mM^?iaZ understanding. D^ja — suggests the exist-^ 
 ence'of love already. Espagnolette=:z/?mdozy screen. 
 
 204. Contribution — - alludes to the taxation of windows in 
 France. Note that the taxation of luxuries is a favorite idea 
 with state financiers. Monta=5roMgr7ii up. Tout autre=ani/ 
 other. 
 
 205. Hauteur, etc.^render you equal'to. 
 
 206. Rapport^es, etc. =will be ascribed to you (as their cause) 
 in the same way that we ascribe all to God. 
 
 207. Chanceuses=M?iceriam. Musique=reg*mento? band. 
 
 208. Bientot d6bile=soon to be enfeebled by age. 
 
 209. Par ricochet=&2/ reflection. Surcroit, etc.=a further 
 development of his love (as illustrated by the following letter). 
 Si Tons m'aimez — should be followed by a period as in other 
 ed. Contrecarr^e=^/iiya7'^ed Timonerie, etc.— subaltern 
 commanding after-deck. 
 
 210. Croisidre=crM2se. Aspirant=ca)2dida^e. Ensei^ne= 
 naval officer of lowest grade, midshipman. R6int6g"rer= . 
 restore. R^pondre, etc. =6e/ore answering my great-uncle I 
 shall talk with your guardian. R^pondent ile=assure. 
 
 211. Uehi\\i»ser=heighte7i, set off. Precipice =a62/s.s, as usu- 
 ally in French. Frisson, etii.=deep, dtdl throbs of her heart, 
 ivhich alarmed him. Lieutenant, etc. — a rank equal to that 
 of army captain. 
 
 212. Saint Savinien — See note, p. 69. Aural fait — fut. 
 again of demonstration ; see note, p. 14. Trans. : you ivill soon 
 have it that I am to blame for his debts. 
 
 213. A I'insu de=unperceived(ly) by, ivithout the knowl- 
 edge of. Rendu ^=at. Jouez=sfafce, risk. 
 
 214. Lisait, etc.— i. e., fcep^ aZoo/. Preiiant dans — In its 
 government '* prendre" overlooks that idea of removal or separa- 
 tion which in our corresponding words calls for the preposition 
 from, and emphasizes the idea of location in which the thing 
 taken is found. Masque=:z^re^c/i, witch. Comment s'y, etc.=: 
 How did she (betake herself to the matter) manage it (without 
 being discovered)? 
 
 3 
 
34 
 
 215. Ne tint \m&=could not resist. Sensitive =sewszYwe 
 plant, Irai-je (lone? — U., laying stress on the fact that ob- 
 jection is especially made to the month of December, assumes 
 that ultimately her wish will be granted. Trans. : I shall go 
 then (some time)? 
 
 216. S'elevaient-ils — see note, p. 149. Aux prises=at grasp- 
 ings, in conflict. A\Sint-covLreiir=a7itecedent, annunciatory. 
 
 217. Femme du monde=u*oma/i o/soc^aZpos^Y^or^. Nostal- 
 gic =:7iome-sicfcness — **home is where the heart is." Intri- 
 ^\iSL=puzzled, 
 
 218. Riche de — De (=to the extent of) is usually followed 
 by a numerical expression of the measure of wealth — thus: 
 riche de 100,000 francs. Trans. : happy in the possession of. 
 ConB\stsin(ie=stabi.lity, credit, influence. lSommer=nominate, 
 appoint, elect. Finirent par ^rendre=eventually adopted. 
 Note the change of syntax perspective. The idea of finality, 
 adverbially expressed in Eng., is promoted in French to verbal 
 rank. 
 
 219. Chateaux =:nobZe families. Bambouillet — some fifty 
 miles from Paris. Cherbourg being on the coast, the statement 
 implies his giving up the effort to maintain his throne. Bar- 
 re&n=lawyers, bar. H6tel de yille — the seat of municipal 
 authority. Croix de Juillet — decoration accorded to citizens 
 who distinguished themselves in the revolution of 1830, which 
 occurred in July. Ad}oint=vice-mayor. Trois pour cent.= 
 the 3-per cent, government bond. Inscriptions (sur le grand 
 livre) — entries in the government ledger showing principal 
 and interest due to a stated individual in the case of registered 
 bond or (au porteur) to the bearer. 
 
 220. A la faveur, etc. — People were too much occupied with 
 political troubles to notice individual affairs. Abattit, etc. — 
 pulled it down as well as the boundary wall, in order to build 
 in its place a coach-house and stable. Capital, etc.=^/ie capi- 
 tal required to produce an income of l,000f. Se donnaient= 
 were given away, sold for a song. 
 
 221. Grloser= comment, criticise. Va bon train=is going 
 fast — is in a flne way (ironical). Fers, etc. — It is to be hoped 
 that your master, on account of his great age, will not live 
 long enough to enable you (i. e., the horses that you drive) to 
 wear out many horse-shoes in his service. Accordingly, your 
 
35 
 
 engagement being short, you presumably asked ("dois avoir 
 demande ") high wages. A ^Aiente=patented— usually applied 
 to the wheels. A ma tante — a silly play upon "a patente." 
 Voit rieu, etc. (playing again wretchedly upon "voyez- 
 vous ")=2/oit see nothing (of the fastening of the wheel) ; it is 
 boxed in; it looks better and you don't catch (projecting axle 
 ends against obstacles). There is no longer that ugly square 
 iron (axle) end lohich used to extend out beyond the axle proper. 
 Within the wheel of course the axle was round. Outside of 
 the wheel it was squared. A peg (patte) driven through a hole 
 in this square part held the wheel in place. Rime, etc.= What 
 is the sense (or meaning) of " ma tante"? Lit., w^hat does the 
 phrase rhyme with or, generally, have relation with? Tente 
 plays upon "tante" above. 
 
 223. Comprends — Her comprehension is, of course, purely 
 imaginary. A patte entre=with the peg within — see notes 
 on preceding page. Fiche=peg, pin. Elle va, etc.=s/ie (i. e., 
 Ursule) is getting on pretty fast in leading the doctor into ex- 
 travagance. Elle a raison=s/ie is right; i. e., money was 
 made to spend. 
 
 223. Chiens (for biens), etc.=store is no sore. Farceuse, 
 etc.=the little scamp. Tient par le bon ho\it=has got on the 
 right side of. Aux voitures=m the stage-coaches. Tapis- 
 ^i^Y— upholsterer, house- furnisher. 
 
 224. Lui valut— lyas worth to him, gained him. Remue- 
 m6nage=con/i<sion. Malle-poste^wmV-coac/i. Ma f^te= 
 my real celebration, enjoyment. 
 
 225. Et lui donnant — better en ... as in other ed. 
 Traitement =saZar?/. 
 
 226. Demission =reszgrna^ton. Habitii6, etc. =one more reg- 
 idar visitor. 'F\\i\\Y=accepted suitor. Basile — one of Beau- 
 marchais' characters, type of the wheedling calumniator and 
 money-loving parasite. Argument— i. e. to Mme. P., in favor 
 of the marriage. Sourde=deaf (to entreaty), inexorable, sul- 
 len, or more simply, underhanded. 
 
 227. Coiitrecarrer=^/iwar^. Baisse=/aZ^. Acharn^e= 
 bloodthirsty, hostile, bitter, relentless, implacable. Recrudes- 
 cence=new and more violent attach. Promeiiade;=ow^m^ 
 (not here afoot). Brouille-Ies=mafce a quarrel between them. 
 Tracas, eic.=meddling, on the strength of a '' ive will see." 
 
36 
 
 228. Crsine=blusterer. Ferr^ a ^lace=shod for ice, ivell 
 prepared, skilful. Regard ez=ZooA;, examine, hesitate. Can- 
 tionner=&e surety. Ayez done, etc.— What is the use of hav- 
 ing my genius for evil-doing! It accomplishes nothing. This 
 exclamation is addressed by G. to himself. 
 
 230. (xrippee^pmc^ef^. Ce qn'il en est-: what there is in 
 regard to the matter, Jiow it stands. Illusions, ^XQ„=deceived 
 himself in regard to his condition. S'^teignait, etc.=iyas 
 going out (fig., of a light), sinking. 
 
 231. Emaneiper, Q\ii.=give up his guardianship. His ward 
 woidd then he competent to accept an account of guardianship 
 and to hold property in her own right. Adopta le partie — 
 Read parti. ^Q\iA^m.e\\\,QiQ.^7nanaged energetically. Jeunes 
 personnes=2/ow?igr women. Jounes ^en^^young men. 
 
 232. B.^^\^eY=draw up. Obole — Athenian or old French 
 money of small value. Reddition, etc.— accounting. Col- 
 port6es=peddled, retailed. Langue — for lampe. 
 
 233. Reliquataire=deb^or (to U. in the following amounts 
 intrusted to his safe-keeping). Arr6rAges= accumulated in- 
 terest. Provenant de=proceeding from, produced by. S'alit- 
 erait=^aA;e to his bed. 
 
 234. Sacrenieftts — the necessaries for administering the last 
 sacraments (eucharist, viaticum and extreme unction). Ap- 
 parel l=jP07>2j), ceremony; sometimes, apparatus. Toute sous- 
 traction=f/ie removal of anything. A travers=?)e/imd (lit., 
 across or over). Lentement — apparently with the intention 
 of giving their knees time to ache. yoler=o5^am wrong- 
 fully (because sinning against us at the time). Tranquilles, 
 etc.=w?e have no occasion to worry. Pla^ait — The italics em- 
 phasize Z.'s distinction between acknowledged investment in 
 registered securities and that secret investment in bonds pay- 
 able to bearer, which she is pleased to call hoarding. But 
 B. should also have italicised "thesauriser " or have omitted 
 ^'mmazf" and written thesaurisait. A further reason for the 
 italics lies in the fact that, by using the imperfect, Z. distinctl}^ 
 bars consideration of the present or more recent period of the 
 Dr.'s life, speaking of him almost as of one deceased. 
 
 235. Pourvu, etc.=*/ ive can only find it. Partag'erons= 
 share alike in each item of the estate. hiciteYons^o^ealize, 
 sell by auction. Distribuerons, etc,=divide the estate into 
 
37 
 
 lots. S'eiiYenima, etc. = quickly grew bitter. D6tacliait, 
 
 eic,=above which was conspicuous the shrill voice of Z. 
 Ta^age—uproar. Bengl§s=bellowed. Administr^=admm- 
 istered the last sacraments to — should be followed by a comma. 
 
 236. Cataplasme =i3owZh'ce (used of the general mass). 
 Sinaj)is>me=inustard poultice (used of the portion applied). 
 'R6clame=requires. A pas de \oi\\y= stealthily. 
 
 237. Boule — celebrated cabinet maker (1642-1732). The 
 word is used of furniture inlaid in imitation of his work, 
 'D€tala=hastened away. Note that old locks were screwed on 
 to one side of a door and not mortised in as at present. 
 
 238. Serrure, eiQ,.=the lock of the Chinese pavilion (here 
 called cabinet) was on the side of (the door toward) the library 
 and hence toward Minoret. Pieces de plaisance, etc.= 
 apartments for summer enjoyment (and inferentially left for 
 the most part open). Ebloui, etc.=bewUdered by cupidity 
 and with his pulse sounding in his ears. See Carillon, p. 243. 
 J)€Y'iBsa=unscrewed. Egar6s=wiZc2. 
 
 239. Dressa, etc. =rose to a sitting posture. Y oiiliit:=wished 
 to, tried to. Par6 (Conf. Eng. '' dressed '')— adorned^ arranged. 
 Fouiller=d2gr. 
 
 240. Grue ux = begrgrar, rascaZ. Adoption, etc. =i?acZ I adopfec^ 
 you, the adoption, etc. Enfln=(^o consider), last of all, {the 
 only other course practicable). J^suite — alludes to the re- 
 puted skill of the Jesuits in self-justification. Tablette — shelf 
 produced by the projection of lower part of book-case into the 
 room. Corps=sec^fon (division made by perpendiculars). 
 
 241. XYY^mg^^=uninvested earnings. 
 
 242. Briquet=s<eeZ, or, by extension, any apparatus for ob- 
 taining fire. XftvioXt— allured. Pas de course=:rerz/ rapid 
 walk. 
 
 243. R§fl6chir, ^Xc.~ consider its criminality, being pre- 
 occupied with the obstacles to its accomplishment. (}ue faites- 
 vous, etc.= what are you doing there? Why are you idle? Do 
 you think (is it your notion that) we let the house and valuables 
 be ransacked? i. e., we must have the seals attached. We are 
 all three (heirs) interested in this business; we can't (camper) 
 stay here doing nothing! Mortuaire, etc.=register my uncle's 
 death. Carillon =i)eaZ, chime of bells. 
 
 244. riageolaient=s7ioofc. Grand! Minoret — Omit the 
 exclamation point. ManoeuYre, etc. (military expression)^ 
 
38 
 
 understands the business. Certain air, etc.=For a great fool 
 (he had a certain look) he acted a good deal like a (person of 
 sense). Trop de deiix=foo ma7iy by two. Commissions- 
 errands. Allum^e = flushed (with haste and excitement). 
 Fomne=marten. 
 
 245. Grrenouille (i)op.)=treasure, "pile" Feu, ete.=u-e 
 should get nothing, (lit.) see nothing but "stars" (as after a 
 blow). Inventaire — listing of the property of the deceased. 
 Degiier\nr =leave. Tambour, eic.=we will appoint the toivn 
 crier. Mairie — strictly, the building in which the municipal 
 administration is located. II ne s'ag'it pas, etc.=itJe have 
 other business than dining. Cliasser==drwe out. En quality 
 Ae=as, connecting "lui" and "ami." 
 
 246. Yotre droit, et<i.=you have a (legal) right to. Appos- 
 erai, etc. — I shall not treat her room and contents as part of 
 the estate. Ke\n=what do you think of (say to) that! De 
 mag-istrat (popular)=:a queer sort of a magistrate. Causeuse= 
 small sofa. Ti'onhles=didl, dim. 
 
 247. Masse=Zzn7ip. Poitrine — The gesture leads M. to sus- 
 pect that she has valuables concealed about her person. S^ 
 (ionlsini= gliding. Chass^e, eic.= dislodged from the folds (of 
 the upper part) of her dress. 
 
 248. F16trissant=d^s7^o?^ormg. Lancdrent, etc. = shot forth 
 one of those flashes, which are perhaps only developed at the 
 expense of vitality, and ivith a choked voice she said. Honte — 
 suggests that the "supplication" above was partly theirs. 
 
 249. Fleur (de heani6)=lust7'e. Rayonner=fo be reful- 
 gent. An petit Jioiir=very early in the morning. 
 
 250. Caeliotier = fond of mystery, of hiding things. Se 
 croire=believe (to be) to herself, think she had. Quilles, 
 etc. = welcome them as (he would welcome) dogs in a game of 
 skittles, give them a gruff reception. Merveille, etc.=cw^ no 
 great figure as deputy king's counsel — a piece of interjected 
 gossip. Pressez, etc.==don't be in a hurry to laugh, douH crow 
 till you are out of the woods. S'en tenir, etc.=A;neit' what to 
 count on. Q>o\woi= funeral. J)6hoire=mortification. 
 
 251. Faclions, etc. — He must continue his friend in appear- 
 ance, in order to retain the means of treacherous revenge. 
 Commettre=:appom^. Succession, ei(i.=The legal proceed- 
 ings in the case of the M. estate were begun and the necessary 
 
39 
 
 verifications were accomplished with the strictness usual in 
 court proceedings. Compte, etc.— was profited. yacatioiis= 
 sessions, sittings. Se lof^er=find a home. Etablisseinent= 
 a business. Eiicoi^nure=corner. Porte batarde — door which 
 is neither "petite porte" (for persons) nor "porte cochere" 
 (for carriages); hence=a medium-sized door. Corridor=ex- 
 terior passage between house and boundary wall, alley. 
 
 252. Mansarcles — attic chambers. Termer— time for {the 
 payment of) the remainder. Vlacer =make room for. Cloi- 
 son=partition. 'Protoudenr=length, measured from front to 
 rear. Mises en couleur=covered with a coat of color, tinted. 
 
 253. Iiec\ier(ihes,e>tc,=stripped of the refinements. Soulte=: 
 extra payment. Mettre en demeure, etc.=brought suit 
 against, demanded payment in legal form. Remboursement, 
 et(i,=whose repayment had come due. 
 
 254. Etourdi, etc. =betvildered by a summons. Saisie im- 
 mohili^re= attachment on real estate, execution on real prop- 
 erty. Poursuivre SL ontrsiuce= carry litigation to the utter- 
 most. Con vertir, etc. =sell before you are forced. Du yivant = 
 duHng the life-time. Twa— prostrated. 
 
 255. Ciir6e=quarry, prey. J)§nonment= final result, issue, 
 event. 
 
 256. Ficlie de consolation, etc.=a pretty enoughbit of con- 
 solation (lit. , consolation stake, in gaming). Train, etc. =mmn- 
 tain his style of living. Q,r§ance=claim, debt. Marbres — 
 tops of articles of furniture or piefces used in floors. 
 
 257. Pantoufles, etc.= felt in slippers, drilled the bedsteads 
 (of which some parts might be made of strips instead of solid — 
 the drill would detect any hollow places), emptied the mat- 
 tresses, pricked the spreads, the quilts, turned his eiderdown 
 coverlet inside out, examined one by one his papers, his draw- 
 ers, turned the floor of the cellar upside down — and I (in my 
 hope to find a will favorable to U.) urged them . . . Courez 
 si^v^^—find it {if you can). 'Deymez=understand {if you can). 
 Voyez, etc.=see clearly into, explain {if you can). Brevet = 
 license (to conduct a carrying business), (juelles somme — 
 Read sommes. This exclamation, as well as the "Pauvre doc- 
 teur " below, may be taken as suggesting the hopelessness of 
 looking for the doctor's fortune, if it has been swallowed up in 
 that of M. (in whose style of living it would make no significant 
 
40 
 
 difference). Arg-ent comi^tsLnt=ready money. Nantie=pos- 
 
 sessed of. Reprises=cZaims against, recoveries from the estate. 
 
 258. Fourr6 = stuffed. Huissier-priseur = auctioneer-ap- 
 praiser. Cri6, etG,=ivith each article put up for sale. Cro- 
 chues— hook-fingered, grasping, greedy. Soiiner, et(i.=had it 
 sounded and searched. Par ]^lii(ies= scattered about. Fouil- 
 lis=disorder, mess. FovLSsms=chickens. Affaires=^/imgs. 
 
 259. Fripier-bouquiniste=deaZer in old books and furni- 
 ture. Adjuger, etc.=had several lots knocked down to him. 
 Interrog6e^ = examined. {}ardes = fly-leaves. Adjudica- 
 tionii= auction sales. R^p6titions=cZams recovered. Eb6- 
 mste= cabinet maker. Secrets, etc. = famous for (J-ds familiar- 
 ity ivith) secret compartments. Pousserent, etc.=bid up to. 
 Cahier des char ses= conditions of the contract. Liciuidation, 
 etc. = ^/ie settlement of the estate. Relais — stopping- place for 
 stages and hence the business afforded thereby — also his horses, 
 stages, etc. (used between relais). Trans. : his good-unll and in- 
 terest in the stage business, as well as his buildings (^tablisse- 
 meiits). 
 
 260. Mise en demeure. See page 253. Nobliaux — belit- 
 tling term for nobles. Qiiatorze quartiers — In heraldry each 
 degree of descent in a noble family is indicated by a section, 
 quarter, quartering in the shield. Trans. : ivhose family has 
 been noble for fowteen generations — of old nobility. Pecore = 
 animal, goose. {^(M\iY9kVici^.~vexation. Q,{)q\xc\icot=poppy. 
 Snr ce premier mouvement = by this first outbreak — see 
 " mouvement," six lines above. 
 
 261. Courses=goings and comings (for business purposes), 
 steps, proceedings, dai'Z^/rozmds. lnsoliies=unusual. Hour- 
 \iiri=h2ibbub, bustle. TvQm\}e^temper, character. Morale^ 
 ethics; but here rather, science of character, psychology. See 
 note on " moraliste," page 48. 
 
 262. Orossiere=^ unrefined, crude, undeveloped. Poig-naient 
 {pomdre)=^ pricked. L^gitimement, etc.=m proportion to the 
 amount of his legitimately acquired property (which left him 
 no excuse for dishonesty). Perfection =:oowp/e^eness. Bless- 
 ure, etc. = an initial injury (to a victim) demands (as its logical 
 sequel) the death-blow. Prodigieux — by reason of the rarity 
 of thought. Sa tyrannie=i^s special form of domination. 
 Machinaleinent=;;mechanically, automatically, instinctively. 
 
41 
 
 Fauve=(strictly) yellow — mainly used in the phrase "bete 
 fauve" (animal of the deer class). B.'s usage is a neologism 
 supported by V. Hugo and generally current to-day. Trans. : 
 wild. 
 
 263. Chose =sad!, embarrassed (slang). Tout is adverbial. 
 Coup de main— 6oM deed, exploit. Ennui (second time) — The 
 phrase from "car" to "ennui" should be punctuated as a pa- 
 renthesis. Fille de lsiit= foster-daughter. Aurait dii aY0ir= 
 ought to have had. Ne suis-je pas \k=Am I not here {to take 
 care of you) 9 Pens^es — Add d'interet, if text does not contain 
 these -words. 
 
 264. 'NenYe=unworny impressible. Croqnls— sketch. Ber- 
 g-ere, etc. — a kind of arm-chair. Amour — her love for S., 
 which was a factor common to her past and her present life. 
 M^lancolie, eic.=her melancholy, gradually losing its bitter- 
 ness, colored to a certain extent her daily life and harmon- 
 ized (relia) her surroundings with an indescribable charm. 
 (" Harmonic " is an agreeable according ; the idea of agreeable- 
 ness or charm comes to the foreground as the author continues.) 
 This charm consisted in an exquisite neatness. . . . Cliez- 
 soi, etc. =mac?e her home agreeable. Par tous les temps=m 
 all iveathers. 
 
 265. Savonnait, etc.— wjots/ied!, iVoned. Cuisine, etc. ^coofced. 
 iy6nvL§e=: destitute. Enconrir, etc, =be talked about. Sourde, 
 et<i.= disguised (incompletely carried out) and in the condition 
 of ivish (not fully realized). 
 
 266. Bemande en nullity — demand that previous proceed- 
 ings be declared null and void, as not in conformity with the 
 forms required by law. Annulation, etc. — the granting of 
 the above demand. Instancex=:siiz^ (which would be brought 
 in proper form). Fit prononcer, etc.— obtained from the court 
 a judgment declaring null and void the proceedings followed by 
 M. S'6bruitasseut=feeca7>ie known. 
 
 267. Entendu dire h^heard the old lady say — construction 
 imitating f aire and iaisser. >laitre =masfer — instead of my- 
 self. Saisis=a^toc/ied. lj\(iVL\^fx\\(i\\= settlement. Decepas= 
 at once. Terroirs — The Rouvre was M.'s special aim. The 
 Bordieres was apparently adjacent or interjacent land. Cra- 
 Q\\ev—spit out, pay in cash. 
 
 268. Poiissa le coude=nwcZged, urged on. Quitus=&aZance 
 after court settlement — legal statement of the same. 
 
42 
 
 269. Ar?enterie=se^ of plate. Faste=dispZa2/, extrava- 
 gance. Tar^e — used of incurable, contagious and visible cor- 
 ruption. Trans. : leper (fig.). Maitres de poste — Minoret and 
 his wife. B,ogne=haughty. Esther — one of B.'s courtesan 
 heroines. You have forgotten E., haven't you, since you are so 
 much interested in U. 9 
 
 270. Flagrant, etc.=in flagrante delicto, caught in the act. 
 Charge=oj^ce, business, place. Assez en vue, etc.= sufficiently 
 conspicuous. Va ponr=:7 accept. 
 
 271. Devez d'aroir pu, etc,=you oive your ability to get 
 together a (without enclaves or interlying land owned by 
 others=) continuous (tract of land which brings in) S4-, 000 francs 
 rent. Jouer franc ^en=deal openly. €roes=hooks, fangs, 
 poicer. Mijoterai=co?icocf, arrange. Avise«toi de ce\'A=try 
 it if you dare. Yaudralt, eic.=which, under your manage- 
 ment, would soon produce 60,000 francs a year [the income of) 
 more than two millions at the present (value of property) ratio 
 of capital to profits. Substitut=:X>esire. 
 
 272. Son mariage — the scheme of marrying him to U. 
 Bonrde, ^iG.=invented this fib. Mchons M.=J'd better drop 
 M. Allalt, etc.= was on his way to (play) his whist opposite. 
 Chef-lieu, etc. — corresponds to our county seat. Reconnai- 
 trait, etc. — amounts to giving her that sum. 
 
 273. A la Massin=d la maniere de M. Apres tout — sug- 
 gests reconsideration and invites G. to continue. Fiel=g'aZZ. 
 J)§^— defiance. 
 
 274. 'Et'At=profession. Devais attendre, eic.=it was rea- 
 sonable for me to expect from life, in view of my humble 
 birth. Troq\\er=exchange. 
 
 275. En avantager, etc.=settle it upon their niece, ivhen her 
 marriage contract is drawn. Convenable=sm^abZe. (Elllets= 
 pinks. 
 
 276. Facile sl= susceptible to. Jean Paul (Richter)— the 
 German author. The parallel is between the non-existence of 
 God and the absence of the happiness of love. 
 
 278. BouteilledeLeyde=Le2/den/ar. 'P^n^tr^=f nil of feel- 
 ing. Sonder, eic,= questioning the methods. 
 
 279. D^but^, etc.=Though he did begin. Principe=mo- 
 tive, cause. Pali — used of the permanent pallor of sickness. 
 Orpheline — figurative; refers to her loss of S. 
 
43 
 
 280. Asseoir=&ase. l}ot=dowry ; by analogy, the property 
 which a nun brings to the convent, in which she makes her 
 vows. Deux amours — Her love for S. being eternal, she ought 
 not to think of marriage with another. Enchant^e, etc.=J 
 am glad (to have to shut these windows, at which S. used to 
 sit; see p. 264) it is all over. Au fait, etc.— acquainted him. 
 
 281. AUee — See " Corridor," p. 251. ^a chauffe=^Y works, 
 the business is progressing. 
 
 282. Joseph Bridau — an artist character appearing in other 
 works of B, CreYer=die (used of beasts and hence contempt- 
 uous). Petit — pop. style, implies familiarity. Donne — The 
 italics may be regarded as emphasizing this exception to his 
 usual parsimony. I!,mh^ie=vexes. ^cieriii=torment. 
 
 283. Vous serez, etc,=you will belong each to other. 
 
 284. (}rH£oniiii=wrote hastily, carelessly. Si j'^lais libre= 
 even if I were not engaged. 
 
 285. A ce soil* — The full thought is: good-bye till this even- 
 ing, when I expect to meet you again. Elle ne doit pas= 
 she must not. BonlejersGrnents- -overwhelming changes (in 
 circumstances and in her mental status). Termine, et(i.=de- 
 cides our dispute (as to which loved more completely). Sorti- 
 l^^e=witchcraft, sorcery. 
 
 286. Ineonnu, etc.=^7ie unknown which to the imagination 
 is equivalent to the unbounded. Sursauts=stor^s, frights. 
 Fietrir, etc,=defile and destroy. Journ§e dn lendemain=: 
 following day. Saisie =s/iocfcerf, alarmed. Enrouee=/ioarse. 
 
 287. Carrel^— paueri. N'atteindront pas que — " Pas " re- 
 verses the meaning of ne . . . que. Trans. : will reach not" 
 you aXonQ=will involve others. Dispute, Qi(i,=quarrel about 
 her; lit., people dispute her with each other. 
 
 288. Particuliers=(private) individuals. Tarqnet=the pub- 
 lic prosecutor and his officers. 
 
 289. Bonrhier=mire, filth. Implorant, et<i.=begging the 
 blow, which . . . 
 
 290. 'Ka(i\iuiSL\i=planned and executed. Se relacha de=re- 
 laxed. En train, etc. =tw i/ie'ac^ of climbing down {the rope 
 ladder). Lances, eXe.^started on the slope down from the 
 bridge. (yf^n^=pecuniarily embarrassed. 
 
 291. Aflicher=dragf intopublicity. jyecoiisld^r or =discredit. 
 Rechute=reZapse. Refiisa — She had ordered all strange let- 
 
ters withheld. D^joiiez=/oiZ, thwart. D6voii6 — italicized in 
 emphasis of G.'s error in using with a young girl this formula, 
 which marks equality and familiarity. 
 
 293. Commissaire = superintendent. Indig-n^, etc. = out- 
 raged, incensed by the suspicions ivhich were hangijig (hovering) 
 j^ over him, (preparatory to settling on him). Contrail! te par 
 Q corps=(or(ier o/) arrest. C^toyait, etc^grazed the laivwith- 
 —- out coming within the scope of any statute (or ordinance). 
 
 293. Enldvement = abduction. Permettaient — stronger 
 than permettraient. Assoupir=7iws/i up. Partie=grame, proj- 
 ect. TAigA^eiiii=urged (in his letters). Au cas oii=in the 
 case in which=if. Incommutal)le=who cannot be legally 
 j^ dispossessed, absolute. 
 
 p 294. B^tise, etc. = stupidity {as well as shrewdness) /las its 
 
 — "^ (special type of) inscrutability. Pierre de taille=CM^ stone. 
 Ecu — usually three francs. Reserves =2m/armed land. Pis- 
 ton, eie. = the one who talks so much about the cornet a piston 
 (see p. 288). Huissier, etc.=in general, for a subordinate 
 position. Timhres— stamps (required to legalize the papers). 
 Aceeplations=accepfe<i bills of exchange. Traiter, etc.=5ie- 
 gotiate (for the position of ' ' huissier ") cash iri hand. 
 
 295. Machiavel — The name of the unscrupulous statesman 
 is used here in the sense of treacherous intriguer. Seig'neu- 
 riale, e\(i.=an attack of manorial fever, castles on the brain. 
 Au re\oir=this is not our last meeting. Niais parvenn= 
 silly upstart. Tu ne m' attends pas=aren'^ you going to 
 wait for me 9 This phrase invites a walk home together and 
 
 • assumes continued cordial relations. Alt^ve de— thirsting for. 
 Zigzags —inconsistencies. J!iMe=:^languid. Meurtrissure= 
 bruise, crushing blow. 
 
 296. Appeler (ie=appeal from, Hermine — allusion to the 
 saying that the ermine dies if its fur be spotted De sa dig- 
 int^= essential to her dignity, worthy of herself. Son opi- 
 nion, etc. = Tier suffrage (given in so worthy a cause) would lend 
 sanctity to or demonstrate the prestige of nobility. l)e- 
 marche=acf: of condescension, championship, countenance. 
 
 297. Avilie, etc.::^a dishonored hand, a blighted name. 
 Porl^e, etc. =reac/i, significance, importance. 
 
 298. Pouls, etc.=/aA:e (the hand in order to feel) the pulse 
 of his patient, l^\^\\Yi=blossomedy developed. Cliemin,etc,== 
 
45 
 
 on his icay (from his interview with M.). 1^q\\qx= attach im- 
 portance (lit., hold, cling). 
 
 299. Eiitrevoir, ^Xe.=have just caught a glimpse of. Em- 
 poisoniiernit — because so corrupted by hatred of M. Bossn 
 manqu6 — Being morally a monster, physical deformity is nec- 
 essary to his completeness. He fails to realize completely even 
 this low ideal, the humpback being regarded as the embodi- 
 ment of malice. Oublierez — you will not act upon your recol- 
 lection. This is not the forgetfulness corollary to forgiveness. 
 Deux (loigts, etQ..=within tivo finger-breadths of each other. 
 
 300. Rien cle fait=: nothing (of done) accomplished; thedeaVs 
 off; i. e., my promise to reveal the name of m}'- principal is 
 void and we have reached no agreement. Resterez, etc.=w?z7Z 
 7J0U stop there (in the matter), proceed no further in your 
 anger? Poussait=sef you on^ was your principal. Plateaux= 
 scales (of the balance). Tu seras uotaire — The idea occurs to 
 him that S.'s friends will after all be of much use in advancing 
 him. 
 
 301. Jeii^set. Nom de nom (or nom d'un nom) — euphem- 
 ism for nom de Dieu. Mortier==morfar (piece of artillery). 
 Indiscretion — (usually an indiscreet revelation) perhaps re- 
 fers to the " soufflet " above, which binds them together, as it 
 brings no credit to either. 
 
 303. E^ar^, eic.=turned my head. 
 
 303. Youlait, e\e.=designed no harm to you. Rang6, etc.= 
 had become quite steady, amended. Chance, e.tc.=there was a 
 possibility. Fa»»nii=was going. Wii\is=in favor. Noiiait, 
 etc.=the plot, so stupidly initiated by himself, was thickening. 
 
 304. Cri>^\iscii\e=^tu-ilight. Craqiiant, ^te,— creaking on the 
 inlaid floor. An su de=fo the knowledge of. L'an quarante= 
 the year "'Jf.O (variously explained as of the Republic, which 
 never came, or of the eleventh century, in which the world 
 was expected to end. or better as 1840, of which the same pre- 
 diction was made. This phrase has also been regarded as a cor- 
 ruption of "!' Alcoran)." Singulier dr61e=odrZ knave. Man- 
 (l\ier= slight. "Te" is dative; but, as understood with "ac- 
 cuser," is accusative. 
 
 305. Cliiire=ragr, suggesting lack of back-bone. Claii*e=: 
 clear, smooth, without such roughness as might disguise trem- 
 bling. S'en aniourachait= 2<;as falling in love with her. 
 drosse flgure=6ig', heavy face. Tirer, etc.=:I wish to take 
 
46 
 
 from you vengeance (viewed, as satisfaction — hence ' ' de ") in 
 a striking manner, I mean to make an example of you. Rai- 
 ^OYi=satisf action. 
 
 306. Sans defense (virtually declarative) =i/iaf the poor girl, 
 whom you sought to dishonor, is imthout defense. The fut. 
 " aurez" is occasioned by attraction. Croyez-inoi =/oWoiy my 
 advice, ^hrmt^z— make known. Ancieii marin=/orwernat;aZ 
 officer. Tin chien de ma chieime — The two well-known forms 
 (1) Je vous garde un chien de ma chienne (==1 will avenge my- 
 self), and (2) Je vous jetterai un chien entre les jambes (=1 will 
 make you trouble), are here compounded. )l^h^i^= stupid. 
 
 ''^QYU\= canary bird; in slang=a simpleton. D6talel•=sA;^p. 
 Cliarboiinier, e\c.=Every man (even the humble charcoal- 
 maker) is master in his own house. Bil>us= trifles, nonsense. 
 Touriiez-moi, et<i.=show me your heels. 
 
 307. Bacchanal sterlui^=18-carat racket, great jangle. 
 Aurait-il, etc. There is room here for an actual condition : if 
 your explanation of G.'s ill-will to you were true. La chatte — 
 C'est le chat is a formula for expressing dou.ht=the cat did it 
 (ironically spoken). Trans. : over the left shoulder or that will 
 do to tell to the cat. Laches, etc.— you are talking nonsense- 
 slang for slang, nearly = slopping over. Faire prendre, etc.= 
 make your nonsense go down, my boy. Robinet=/aMce^. We 
 have here a paraphrase, in terms of modern conveniences, of 
 our phrase " to pump a person." Trans. : I will set G., that 
 fountain of injurious talk (poison), whom you seek to avoid, a- 
 running. 
 
 308. Marchand, ete,=you will be the ivorsefor it. Remues, 
 etc.=you sit there like ablock. 'EniortiUsL^e»=entanglements. 
 Commandite— advance money to. BAl\mt'i^= stammered. 
 
 309. Ren^ainez, etQ,.=put up your agreement; ifs only two 
 sheets of stamped paper wasted. Here is the money to pay for 
 them. D6mentir= contradict, retract. Nouvelle position — 
 of notary. Se battre — G. assumes that S. will challenge 
 him, S. being sure to consider himself insulted by the falsehood 
 contained in one or the other of G.'s statements. Pr6venait= 
 warned. Tirer la savate=wse the feet in self-defense — a sub- 
 stitute for boxing, in which the master-stroke is the kick or 
 stamp upon the adversary's knee. If this blow catches the 
 knee unflexed, it breaks the joint in backward. 
 
 310. Grands petits, etc.=petty matters of local importance, 
 
47 
 
 village catastrophes. Mise dans, etc.=if science had been con- 
 sulted — if scientific attention had been directed to such mot' 
 ters. Faits moranx=intellectual phenomena. Apparut — 
 See p. 116, 1. 21; p. 139, 1. 16; p. 241, 1. 10. 
 
 311. Confidence — the doctor's secret instructions to U., 
 p. 237. Da pas des morU=slowly, like a ghost. Poste=stoge- 
 office. 
 
 312. Mise sL la porte, ete,=brought you to death's door. 
 Canchemar = oppressive vision. S'offeuserent, etc^were re- 
 pelled by the idea of revealing ... 
 
 314. De retour si=on his return to. V6rit6, etc.=the in- 
 tense reality of the phenomena, the unhamperedness of her 
 motions, the outgoing, during sleep, of an inner self, which 
 moved, under the guidance . . . 
 
 315. Id^es de votre parrain, etc,= suggestions of your god- 
 father may surround you and perchance you have clothed them 
 with his semblance. Minoret a commis — M.=:the stage- 
 driver. Id6es=mental creations or existences. Sornettes, 
 etc.=invent nonsense. 
 
 316. De coramandement, eic.=officers of rank. Marecliaux 
 decamp — officer ranking somewhere between our brigadier 
 and major-general. A savoir = namely. Approches — the 
 (earth) works of the besieging party. Mousquetade — wound 
 produced by a musket ball. Mar^chal de Vrance=field-mar- 
 shal, army commander. Tranch^e = trenches. Encore un 
 GQ\ii^=again. 
 
 317. Au dnc de M. — Oui, like entendre, takes its object 
 (subject of following infinitive) with a. Trans. : I have heard 
 the duke relate. Profltables, et<i,= advantageous to yourself. 
 She might accordingly be suspected of inventing them. S'ac- 
 crochait si=laid hold of. 
 
 318. Fussent seuls — This past form is forced to functionate 
 as future from a past stand- point, the subjunctive having no 
 special form in French for expressing such time. The question 
 of futurity from a present stand-point is of course left un- 
 touched. Trans. : should be. A dessus de mar\)ro.=with a 
 marble-top. ¥rHil\ant=ivriggling. Cnir clie\elu= scalp. 
 
 319. Voyait aussi, eic.^who himself also (to use the popular 
 phrase) was visited in sleep by the doctor's spirit. Fantasma- 
 gorie=art of causing phantoms to appear, magic revelation. 
 
48 
 
 320. Ces mis^res— such trifles. Tenir, etc.=cause to lie in 
 your eye, hold in your visual grasp. Primitif, etc. — you 
 have not lost through mental activity any of your emotional 
 impressibility. 
 
 321. Sanguiii, etc.^one of those paroxysms of anger ivMch 
 characterize men of sanguine (full-blooded) temperament, 
 Poiiss6 a bout = driven to extremes, maddened. Meurtrie=: 
 black and blue. Concher^put to bed. Petite nialadie, etc.=: 
 he was someivhat ill for a while. Temps donii^, etc.=a/fer a 
 while. 
 
 322. Une manidre, etc,=an opportunity to show your re- 
 spect for him in ordinary ivays, 
 
 d2d. Terre^^estate, home. Calomnie — consciously false ac- 
 cusation. M^disance — accusation at least plausible, and 
 which may be true. Trans, the two words by slander and 
 scandal. Foiideriez-Yous, etv.=^what reason would you give 9 
 En avoir re^u=(/o be thought) to have received any. A quel 
 titre=in what quality? (as a friend? as a debtor?) for what 
 reason ? 
 
 324. Maitre de poste — Minoret's successor. Courut=/ias- 
 tened. En soir4e=a^ a party. 'Raji^delighted (to learn that 
 D. was at the house of an official, who would be a valuable 
 witness). Archi-grand-oncle — "Archi" is intensive (great 
 over and over again, i. e., great-great-great) and emphasizes the 
 idea that the doctor and what concerns him (especially Ursule) 
 belong to a different age from D. Trans. : my prehistoric great- 
 uncle. 
 
 325. Petite-fllle — Omit the hyphen as in other ed. Devo- 
 tion, QiQ.^aggressively, intolerably pious. Fadasse, etc.= 
 rather insipid. Piquante=lively, ch^vming, fascinating. D'oii 
 venez-vous2= TF/m^ world do you live in (to be so ignorant of 
 what every one knows)? Seigneur suzerain=Z2ege lord. Fon- 
 e\Gres= fundamental; strictly, landed, punning on his rich 
 father's holdings in land. Tou8 rentendez=/ call you to wit- 
 ness. EmbrasH re = recess of the windoiv. 
 
 326. Ooupilleries=act5 of the sort committed by G. Sor- 
 tani—taking out. Qons»ei= watch-pocket. II est entre= 
 the perjury lies between . . . Faits liasardes=cm'eZess sta^e- 
 ments. ^\)i\\n= amazed. 
 
 327. Vromenalt, eic.=striding rapidly to and fro, Bulor, 
 
49 
 
 etc. = the aim, final cause, motive of that blockhead's proposi- 
 tion (lit. , step, coming to your house). 
 
 828. Pour mon au(lience=^o hold court. La to^»e=the grave. 
 Inscription tumulaire= epitaph. The stone above is a hori- 
 zontal slab, hardly a head-stone. Grace (first time)=spare me 
 (this vision) or pardon (my disobedience to your previous com- 
 mand). Grace (second time)=mercy to M. 
 
 o29. Avis, etc.=/ieeded not the warnings. Quelque temps, 
 eiic—if he does not quickly restore all. Rang^e, etc,=row of 
 figures. liointain= distance. Bruit strange — explained on 
 page 358. Du tout an to\it=entirely. Dans les roches= 
 among the rocks — referring to a rocky or very stony part of 
 his land. 
 
 330. Prit par=e72fered. (Ju'a-t-il — Supply dit as in other 
 ed. ' Trans. : What has good-man M. said {this time). S'il a 
 racont6, etc. — As frequently, the form known as condition 
 and conclusion merely places before the mind two facts or 
 ideas, whose relation is left to be inferred. This relation is 
 here mediate or established through a third term. Thus, (1) the 
 correctness of the ghost's previous revelations ; (2) the there- 
 fore probable reliability of the ghost's other utterances ; (8) the 
 inferential reliability of this special utterance. This reasoning 
 may of course be much expanded ; but it is enough to state 
 that, (2) being lost sight of, (1) and (8) are formulated as condi- 
 tion and conclusion. Trans. : If (it is true that) he has related 
 (with correctness) what you alone knew, you may well tremble 
 (at his predictions) /or (what none of us know=) the future. 
 
 331. Entortillez = entangle, lose. Dedales = labyrinths, 
 ^-piritnels^intelligent. 'Pers^icaces= sharp-sighted. Aprds 
 nioi — suggests pursuit, hostility. Tous (italicized) — sug- 
 gests M.'s exaggerated idea that the eyes of the world are upon 
 him. 
 
 382. Toucher = en toucher le revenu=coZ?ec^ their interest. 
 Romans, eic.=he — even the stupid M. — was continually im- 
 agining business schemes. . . . Men6 sa barque =jpad!dZed 
 (or, rather, steered) his canoe. Pas dilficile=s^rai^, difficulty. 
 
 833. Mon s§^oni'=my presence. Rendez-vous, etc. =arran0red 
 a meeting. Concours = co-operation, support. Hussards = 
 light-horse. Voulant al)Solument=&ezwgr determined. Inju- 
 4 
 
50 
 
 res=injuries or insults. Parti, eic,=his resolution, formed 
 and studied. 
 
 334. Je devrais=I should he obliged. En Tenir, eic.=he 
 stated that he proceeded vnth regret to such extremes (in re- 
 gard to the matter). Sag-e ^ moi, etc,=the wisest course for 
 me would be to arrange a meeting. Avaient — attracted in 
 tense to the past element in the time of *' serait," which itself 
 is under the influence of ses t6moins disaient implied. So 
 ** pouvions," etc., below. De leur c6t6 =/rom their own side, 
 independently. Ebruiter, eiG.=In order to conceal a matter so 
 disgraceful ... J have deferred writing, till the last mo- 
 ment. 
 
 335. Se gourmanda=cMd herself. 'D§gsig§=confldent, un- 
 embarrassed. 
 
 336. Partis, eiG.= few suitors can compare with him. Por- 
 terez, etc.=if you marry D. you will bear the name of Minoret 
 like your god-father. Trds-bien tu, etc. =mitc7i esteemed at 
 F.; he will soon be . . Enjoleuse, etc.=2/0M have coaxing 
 ways; your popularity will bring him {as a deputy) to Paris. 
 
 337. Appoiiitements=saZar2/. Ta ta tsL=tut tut! Casse- 
 codnr =heart-breaker, lady-killer. Joli cadet (as slang)=a 
 great booby. Irez loin, etc. (ironical) =2/ow will quickly come 
 to ruin. Inconnues encore — implies likely to become known. 
 Mis an ^oviv=made known. 
 
 338. Sans retour, etc.=without the possibility of withdrawal. 
 Ame — a heart entirely another's. Je n'aimerais, etc. Conf. 
 note on S' il a racconte, page 330. Here is an unusually clear 
 case of mere co-statement of ideas, the mind being left to sup- 
 ply their relation. With "si M. Savinien" etc. below, all 
 dependence or even association between the two facts men- 
 tioned is inferential — thus : if you remember his follies against 
 S., you will properly remember the similar ones of D. against 
 him. Trans. : Even if I did not love S., I could not marry D., 
 who is no less a spendthrift and quite uncongenial. A charge = 
 burdensome, a burden. 
 
 339. Vv^XGJiA\iG=self-styled, would-be; nine lines above, she 
 uses the word "cousine" in addressing U. Mince, etc. = if /le 
 thin and wrinkled face of the former keeper of the stage-office. 
 Bevenants, etc. — Croire 8i=believe in the existence of. Trans. : 
 Z. Do you believe that spirits return 9 Ch. Do you believe that 
 
51 
 
 spirits HAVE returned 9 Additional pith lies in this retort, 
 from the fact that revenus may also mean revenues, rendering 
 possible the meanings : Z. Do you believe in ghosts 9 Ch. Do 
 you believe in gold? ^\\\iii\\%(iY=mystify. S'entendent=are 
 in collusion and (inferentially) have invented all this. 
 
 840. R6v6rences sdches=shjf bows (or curtsies). Ascend- 
 ani=injluence. Coq^= the cock of the walk. La morale =</ie 
 moral procedure, ethics. 
 
 341. Restitution, etc.=What she was aiming at was a sort 
 of restitution. You think then {that her husband has robbed 
 U.)? Y ojez= Look at (that tell-tale face) \ Venait a eux=z<;as 
 nearing them — better, vers eux ; or, still better, de leur cote. 
 Cour d' assises=crmmaZ court. Remords — The author in 
 this paragraph employs the word with the meanings : cases of 
 remorse, persons suffering remorse, remorse (abstract) and Re- 
 morse (personified). Tendue — Supply autrefois. Crevait, 
 etc.=(was bursting) bulged ivith the rank vitality. . . . 
 Cam^agnsLrde=rustic. Sent, etc.=he feels his heart; is emo- 
 tionally conscious. 
 
 343. Indiscretion, etc. — i. e., related U.'s dreams to B. 
 Placements, etc,=investments in government bonds. 
 
 343. En fait fL=scorns, pooh-poohs her. Yotre sac, etc.= 
 something in your mind, on your conscience (hence, inferen- 
 tially), you havenH told the whole story. Sentiment, etc.= 
 Ood has endowed us with a {moral impressibility) judgment 
 (i. e. conscience), which already asserts itself (and, as usual, re- 
 veals its action to others) in that man. Silence du prStre — 
 His knowledge was obtained virtually at the confessional. 
 Eclat de Yolx=spoken words. 
 
 344. Parrain des reves, etc.=which the Dr. Minoret of your 
 dreams claims . . . M.arq\ie=indentation. The soft pages 
 of the book were pressed tightly on the interlying papers by 
 the unyielding covers, themselves crowded by neighboring 
 books in the well-filled case. Co uYerture=: cover. Baille- 
 ment= spreading, tendency to open at particular place. Mon- 
 tez d one = come up, won't you 9 Garde, etc,=fly-leaf of colored 
 vellum paper — here the cover-lining. Bibliophile=/owd of 
 his books. 
 
 345. Entrevoyant, etc.=vagriteZ?/ foreseeing a criminal suit. 
 Inscriptions — suggests (1) the entry, into the proper volume, 
 
52 
 
 of the name of each creditor and the amount of his claim ; C2) 
 the certificate or copy of such entry ; (3) the sum of money 
 entered, viewed as an investment. Trans. : The entries in the 
 government ledger and the corresponding certificates issued 
 have as many series as there are letters in the alphabet; (he 
 speaks now of securities registered in the names of individuals, 
 their last names being grouped in the ledger according to ini- 
 tial letters ; each new entry, then, is made in that part of the 
 ledger devoted to its initial letter and takes the number next 
 above its predecessor) and each number (as copied on the cer- 
 tificate or each certificate) bears the letter of the series to which 
 it belongs. But bonds payable to bearer can have no letter, as 
 they are registered in no one's name. Plac6, eic.=invested in 
 government securities. 
 
 346. Dont le num^ro, etc. — The data at hand are: "M. 
 33,533 — three unlettered numbers — U. 23,534" The doctor 
 has used U. for convenience to himself ; the government en- 
 try would be M. for Ursule Mirouet. The registration of her 
 bond would come in the same series w-ith that of the bond of 
 the doctor, held in his own name. The number of Ursule's 
 certificate is known to be 23,534. If the number of the doc- 
 tor's is found to be 23,533, it is certain that both registrations 
 were made the same day and strongly probable that the other 
 numbers refer to unregistered bonds purchased at the same 
 time. The importance of these numbers appears later. Des- 
 tinait, etc.=ty/ia^ he intended should be hers and what she 
 already owned. Miuistere, et(i.=through the agency of the 
 same broker. Ses f on ds--' what he regarded as his estate, to 
 be left to his heirs. Ses Economies — what he regarded as his 
 savings, intended for U. Liyre des transter\»=7^egister, book 
 recording conveyances of government bonds, Pince, etc.= 
 Pve caught you. 'M.Qtns= silence! (in regard to this matter). 
 
 347. Gsivton^paste^board box {ov povtf olio). Rameiia, etc. — 
 pulled out (from among others) the original deed (which re- 
 mained with the uotary, the principals receiving copies). Conf. 
 note on temoins, page 197. D^livrer, eU.=do me the favor 
 to hand me a copy of this item in the inventory, an hour hence; 
 I need it at once (am waiting for it). Voulez-vous, etc. — If 
 you expect to succeed as a notary, you must learn to do j^our 
 duty without asking questions. {jQiilen\ves= adders. Trans.; 
 
53 
 
 pocketed affronts enough. Jttaitre =masfer — title given to 
 notaries and other members of the legal profession. 
 
 348. Boiitoiis de ruh\»=ruby studs. Rabattus =pressed, 
 smoothed doivn. Etude, etc,=wisdom comes ivith study (in a 
 secondary sense, good behavior comes in my case with the pos- 
 session of a law-office) ; and, further, ivealth is the source of 
 cleanliness of soul as well as of body. The rich have the time 
 and means for neatness and can afford to be honest. D§mo- 
 crate, etc.— is a rich tnan ever democratic in his tastes? 
 
 349. Wot=ivittieis7n, (here unintentional and hence) blunder. 
 Etre a rarrgt=/o halt temporarily. Eu SLVY^t^pointing (of 
 a dog). Aux arr§ts= under (a form of military) arrest. Sa- 
 let6=(Ioosely used) impropriety. Trans. : I would save a client 
 from disgracing himself. Soustraction =a6sirac/zo?i. theft. 
 W\\\viiii=drafted, wrote. Opposition, ete.^profesf, warning 
 not to transfer. The holder of the securities would then be 
 called upon to prove his right to them. Even if they had been 
 sold, they would ultimately be traced to the person who had 
 them from the doctor. (^uotit6=^^e amount. Their value 
 was not known —^ only the numbers. In flocchi^w all her 
 finery. 
 
 350. Sans fsL^on^unceremoniously. Complice=a7i actor in 
 . . . ; below she is shown to be strictly " complice" in the 
 sense of responsible, through her concealment of the crime. 
 Ji%^\MvLiiQVL=:removal from office, Casser le cou^rwm. Gen- 
 darmerie, e)\,Q,.=the police are already on their horses — ready 
 to start. Mandat de d6p0t==order for arrest. Se trouva 
 viQ\=fainted. Homme, etc.=so far you have had to deal 
 with me in personal and not in official relations. Ressortis- 
 sent, etc.==Zie within the jurisdiction (of the Almighty). 
 
 351. Instruction =ea?amma^ton. Entendus, ete.=/ierz?ifer- 
 ests, rightly understood, call for a compromise (between my 
 duties as prosecuting officer and my duties as her guardian). 
 Mone amit, etc.=;Mon ami, je suis arretee et j'ai tout dit. Re- 
 mets (deliver) les inscriptions que notre oncle avait laissees a 
 , , . en vertu du testament que tu as briile ; car mons. le 
 procureur du roi vient de faire opposition au Tresor. D^n^ga- 
 tions, etc. =false statements (denials) which would ruin him. 
 Voir ^ op^rer= Zoofc to, endeavor to arrange. Engage ^admse, 
 urge, C\a(ii\emiir§e=cooped up. Oecultement, etc.= to the 
 
64: 
 
 injury of the secret Interests of U. and of the known interests 
 of the heirs. 
 
 352. Le i^r^vxi^v— without waiting to he asked. Vis-a-vis, 
 etc.=m my conduct with her. Meiiez a bien=6rmgr to a success- 
 ful issue. Prds le tribunal —customary form for addressing 
 this official=:i/i court. Trait, eic,=one of the traces unhooked 
 (see the prediction, page 329). Sans domestique, etc.= was 
 without the footman {who is usually seated) at the back of the 
 coach. Sentaient, eic.= smelted their ocCts. 
 
 353. Emport^s, etc. = broke away. Marchepied = step. 
 'Pi\nsem.ents=dressings (of his injuries). 
 
 354. J)6fiiit=exhausted, wan. II en est^there are some. 
 Toute propria t6 — opposed to usufruct and to possession with- 
 out enjoyment of mcoTaxQ^^ complete possession. H6tel-Dieu=: 
 principal hospital in Paris. 
 
 355. Revulsion, etc.^diversion (from their proper courses) 
 of the systemic fluids. Cousentement^ etc. ^with the consent 
 of. Intervint, eta.— was present, played a part at the draw- 
 ing of the contract. HHLsLV^niWiQY^ church-warden. Etdte, 
 etc. = are in.the habit of lopping or heading back. Jets, etc.= 
 sending out shoots. Ouverts, etc.=i^s trunk gashed open and 
 begging (the finishing stroke of) the axe (to end its wretched- 
 ness). 
 
 356. Porte, etc. — he carries something more than his body, 
 i. e., the weight of the Almiglity hand (see below) ov—he has 
 intelligence, feeling. S'est appesanti =/ias been laid heavily. 
 'Rf.gissenr=manager. Concier^e=portress, guardian. Es- 
 c&rgoiB— snail-shells. Oris-de-lin=7?aa; gray, violet gray. 
 Agr6ments=orna7nents, trimmings. 
 
 357. Pervenclies=i)em(?mfcZes. Jalouser = ermz/. ^ Bachi- 
 tiques — afflicted with spinal disease. Hydroc^pliales — af- 
 flicted with water on the brain. Presumably B. means merely 
 that they were puny and sickly. 
 
 358. Troue, etc.— she plays the queen by the aid of her ac- 
 quaintance with the king, who in this case is surely democratic 
 enough. Soi-disant — adverbially used. Trams. : as she puts 
 it, because her pen spatters. Chenille, etc. — for cheville (king- 
 bolt, pivot). Trans. : mainspring. Spliinx — for lynx. Coq- 
 a-l'ane=random talk. Cr^mierana — co llectio n of anec- 
 dotes, etc. , of which she is the heroirie«r^|j|6Etf.HS^hftpeariana. 
 Bonheur, etc,=is fortunate. 
 
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
 BERKELEY 
 
 Return to desk from which borrowed. 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 
 
 9Jan'54BV 
 
 LD 21-1007n-7,'52(A2528sl6)476 
 

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