o 
 

 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 By the 
 
 REV. GEORGE F. BRAGG, D. D, 
 
 Rector of St. James' Church, Baltimore, Md., and Editor of the Church 
 
 Advocate. 
 
 Church Advocate Print, 
 Baltimore, Md., May, 1904.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 EDITOR'S PREFACE. 
 In sending forth this little vol- 
 ume, the author may be pardoned 
 for referring to his own labors in 
 Church Journalism. For well nigh 
 -eighteen years has he edited and 
 published a journal in the interest 
 of church work among the colored 
 race. In addition to the literary, 
 and a large part of the mechanical 
 work, in its publication, it has been 
 at his own financial cost. We do 
 not regret the sacrifice we have 
 made. Nor is this little volume in 
 any way to financially help us per- 
 sonally. In addition to the circu- 
 lation of information about the col- 
 ored work, 'it is our most ardent 
 hope that sufficient may be realized 
 from the sale of this publication 
 to cancel a mortgage of a few hun- 
 dred dollars on the Rectory of St. 
 James' Church. Our little congre- 
 gation, at present, is engaged in 
 wrestling with a $4000 debt upon 
 our church, and we are loth to di- 
 vert their effort therefrom to the 
 debt upon the Rectory. We shall 
 be profoundly grateful to all who 
 may help us in this undertaking by 
 purchasing copies of this little book.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 3 
 
 THE REV. ABSALOM JONES, FIRST AFRO-AMERICAN PRIEST. 
 Born In SHMHCX, Del., 6th of November, 1746. Ordained Deacon August 6th, 1705. 
 
 Died February 13, 1818.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND .WORKERS. 
 
 vW&ffiRW' " , ..,,, 
 
 The I.j^te Rev. Alexander Crumniell, D. D., L.L.D., 
 Founder St. I.uke's Church, Wnslitngton, D. C.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 On Wednesday September 22, 
 1886, more than 17 years ago, in 
 St Luke's Church, in the city of 
 Washington. Rev. Dr. Alexander 
 Crummell, Rector, assembled the 
 Fourth Annual Convocation of 
 Colored Clergy of the Protestant 
 Episcopal Church. This Confer- 
 ence was a memorable one. The 
 late Dr. Crummell was its presi- 
 dent, and the Rev. Hutchens C. 
 Bishop, Rector of St. Philip's 
 Church, New York was secretary. 
 The opening sermon was preach- 
 ed by the Rev. Alfred C, Brown 
 Rector of St. Luke's New Haven. 
 
 The Colored Clergy, now living, 
 who were present at the Confer- 
 ence of 1886, besides the- writer 
 (who was then only a layman) 
 and the Rev. Mr. Bishop, were 
 Rev. J. B. Massiah of Detroit, 
 Prof. Joseph now in England and 
 the Rev. Alfred C. Brown, at 
 present out of the country. 
 
 It was at the Conference of 
 1886 in St. Luke's Church Wash- 
 ington that it was determined to 
 change the Conference from an 
 exclusively Negro body to one 
 composed of Church Workers a- 
 mong Colored People, so as to 
 include in its membership white 
 as well as colored persons. And 
 in the same Conference, follow- 
 ing the change above noted, were 
 introduced the first white mem- 
 bers of this body, the Rev. Cal- 
 braith B. Perry, then vicar of S. 
 
 Mary's Chapel, Baltimore Md. and 
 the Rev. George B.Johnson, then 
 Rector of St James First African 
 Church of the same city. 
 * The Rev. Mr. Perry, in detail, 
 explained a scheme in his mind 
 looking to the memoralizing of 
 the General Convention, to as- 
 semble in Chicago, the next 
 month, with respect to the ap- 
 pointment by that body of a Com 
 mission of Bishops, clergy and lay 
 men for the furtherance of the 
 work of the Church among the 
 race. 
 
 The Conference most heartily 
 approved of Mr. Perry's plan, 
 and on file with the memorial 
 from Mr. Perry in the Journal of 
 the General Convention of 1886 
 will also be found a certificate 
 setting forth the action of the 
 Conference signed, by Rev. Hut- 
 chens C. Bishop Secretary. 
 
 At the General Convention 
 which met the next month in the 
 city of Chicago the memorial of 
 Mr. Perry was assented to and a 
 Commission consisting of five 
 Bishops, five clergymen and five 
 lay men, was created to supervise 
 and further the work of the 
 Church among the colored people 
 of this country. 
 
 From this date we begin a'new 
 era in the Missionary activities 
 of the special field of Church 
 work in which we are engaged.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 .But, before following the prog- 
 ress of the work from this point, 
 it will not be entirely out of 
 place to call the roll of our fellow 
 workers, of Afro-American blood, 
 who had fallen asleep up to this 
 time. 
 
 Absalom Jones, 
 Peter Williams, 
 William Levington, 
 William, Douglass, 
 W. C. Monroe, 
 Harrison H.Webb, 
 Josephus, DeGrasse, Peterson, 
 Berry, Cooley, Saltus Cummings, 
 Cooper, Brady, Allston, Atwell, 
 St. James, Henderson, Harris. 
 Rogers, and Mckinney. 
 
 In October 1886, when the 
 Commission was created, the fol- 
 lowing who are now living were 
 in Priests' orders, 
 
 H. L. Phillips W. H.Wilson 
 J. G. Bryant S. Kerr 
 T. G. Harper A. A. Roberts 
 H. C. BislK>p C. M.C. Mason 
 J. B. Massiah P. A. Morgan. 
 
 There were also 12 persons, 
 now living, who were then dea- 
 cons, five of whom are still dea- 
 cons to-day, and one ofthe twelve, 
 Archdeacon Pollard of North 
 Carolina, was advanced to the 
 Priesthood before the close of the 
 year 1886. 
 
 Since the close of the year 1886 
 the following- brethren have 
 Dalian asleep. 
 
 W. E. HOWELL, F. W, DUNN. 
 WALTER LEWIS BUKWELL. 
 
 GEORGE G. MiDDLETON, 
 
 BEVERLY M. I EPPERSON, 
 
 MARKF.NELSON, T.W.VAUGHAN> 
 
 BENJ. I. J.\CK. JOHN G.. URGLING, 
 
 MATTHEW McDUFFlE, 
 
 A. H. McNEILL, C. C. C. MAPP, 
 WILLIAM F.FLOYD, W H. MORRIP, 
 J.PALLAM WILLIAMS,T. W. CAIN, 
 
 ALEXANDER CRUMMELL. 
 J. E, and CHARLES H. THOMPSON. 
 
 WILLIAM A. OR KEN 
 CHARLES L.8UTHERN. 
 
 During the same period, the 
 following, 11 in number, have 
 been deposed from the Sacred 
 Ministry. 
 
 D. WILSON TAYLOR, E.A.SMITH 
 L. W INFIELD, BENJ. F LEWIS. 
 W. H. COSTEN. R. B. BRUCE. 
 D. E.JOHNSON, M. D. HINTON. 
 
 W. B. PRRRY. J. B. McCONNELL.. 
 GEORGE W. HONESTY. 
 
 All deacons, save one, and all 
 of them; we think, without one 
 exception, came into the Church 
 from some of the Christian bod- 
 ies. It is rather singular that 
 not one of them was brought up 
 and raised in the bosom of the 
 church. 
 
 The following, ordained during 
 the same period, in this country, 
 are now working in foreign parts. 
 
 B, W. TIMOTHY. J. H. DIXON. 
 J. ALFRED HOLLEY. H. HARTLEY 
 
 > J. BENJAMIN WILLIAMS. > 
 JOSEPH N. DURANT-
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 Jv - ' ;: "\ 
 
 Jut ''*'- J^l 
 
 ^^^^t : --^-'-iv -ayri'r-'^ >: ''' : ' : ' ^!K '--<a 
 
 .^^^^ft : ^HlH^^- : - ' ^^K^ 
 
 | ^ ^i JB^; 
 
 THE LATE BISHOP WHITTLE, THE LATE BISHOP DUDLEY, OF 
 OF VIRGINIA. KENTUCKY. 
 
 BISHOP HOLLY, OF HAITI. BISHOP FEUttUSOX, W. AFRICA.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 Deaths previous to 1886,23 
 Since 21 
 
 Depositions 11 
 
 Out of country 6 
 
 Total 61 
 
 Present clergy List 
 
 Priests 64 
 
 Deacons 29 
 Total. 93. 
 
 During the past seventeen 
 years the Church has made much 
 headwav and growth in all 
 directions, and although it is far 
 from what it ought to be, yet 
 there can be no doubt with respect 
 to actual progress in every de- 
 partment of the church, in this 
 field, in all sections of the coun- 
 try. 
 
 First and foremost among the 
 agencies largely responsible for 
 this growth and general awaken- 
 ing is the Annual Conference of 
 Church Workers. We haye not 
 only kept the subject before the 
 Church, by our meetings, from 
 year to year, but the indirect in- 
 fluence going out from this Con- 
 ference has been something won- 
 derful, far more than we seem to 
 appreciate or realise. 
 
 We have already intimated how 
 that this conference was largely 
 if not chiefly, responsible for the 
 creation of the church commis- 
 sion, which has greatly stimulat 
 
 ed interest in this department of 
 ^the Church's Work. In the Gen- 
 eral convention of 1889 another 
 practical agency was inaugurated 
 the direct result of agitation and 
 education upon the part of this 
 Conference the appointment of 
 Archdeacons for the Colored 
 ed work in various parts of the 
 country. 
 
 In the Spring of the year 1889 
 the Diocese of Virginia eliminat- 
 ed the Negro from its Diocesan 
 Council, and our Conference 
 which met in the September fol- 
 lowing, memorialized the General 
 convention which met the next 
 month in the city of New York, 
 asking of that body a definition 
 of our status in the church. There 
 were two Committee reports be- 
 fore that body on this particular 
 matter. The majority, practically, 
 told us to fight it out the best 
 way we could in the various dio- 
 cese3,f or the General Convention 
 had no power to act. Strange 
 as it may appear, yet true, the 
 minority report which champion- 
 ei otir cause, was as radical and 
 d3cisive as any one could desire, 
 was signed by three clergymen, 
 one a Southernman and a Virgin- 
 ian, the late Dr. Bird of Texas, 
 another not a Virginian but who 
 had gotten his Theology at the 
 VirginiaJ3eminary, the late Phil- 
 lips Brooks, and the third one Dr.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 I' I II-: REV. GEORGIO 1 '. BRAGG, JR., D. D 
 Cditor and Author.
 
 10 
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 Vibbert, then of Chicago. De- 
 spite Dr. Brooks 's ringing words 
 upon the floor of the House of 
 Deputies, the majority report 
 was adopted, and the direct 
 answer to our query evaded. At 
 the General Convention of 1892, 
 we were again in evidence in our 
 plea for a closer adaptation of the 
 Episcopate to the needs of our 
 people, but nothing was done. 
 At the General Convention of 
 1395 at Minneapolis we were a- 
 gain before that body pleading 
 for field secretary, the adaptation 
 of the Episcopate, and the found 
 ing of a Church College. Some 
 little notice seemed to have been 
 given to our memorial. At one 
 time it was thought that a large 
 sum from tha late Missionary en- 
 rollment fund would prove avail- 
 able for the establishment of a 
 Church College for the race, but 
 for some reason it failed. Our 
 request for a field secretary was 
 favorably commended to the 
 Board of Managers for action, 
 and the board of Managers in 
 turn turned it over to the Com- 
 mission where it has been under 
 consideration ever since. At the 
 Convention of 1898, in Washing- 
 ton, a committee of this Confer- 
 ence succeeded in appearing be- 
 fore Committees of the House of 
 Bishops and the ' lower House, 
 with respect to the adaptation of 
 the Episcopate. The action in 
 
 the upper house on the proposi- 
 tion was not favorable. In the 
 lower house, the committee, sug- 
 gested the necessary legislation 
 to make the matter effective, and 
 a special committee of which the 
 late Rev. J. J. Faude was a mem- 
 ber was appointed to consider the 
 matter and bring it up at the 
 next Ganeral Convention. The 
 last General Convention, at San 
 Francisco, was a little too far for 
 us, and with the many heavy 
 subjects, before the General 
 Convention, at that time, and the 
 charming beauty of the Pacific 
 Coast, it is just possible that 
 the report of the committee was 
 overlooked. 
 
 During this same period, since 
 the creation of the Commission, 
 our beloved brother the Arch- 
 deacon of Southern Virginia has 
 called i,ntD being and built up, 
 principally through his own per- 
 sonal exertions, St. Paul's School 
 Lawrenc9ville, the largest insti- 
 tution of it its kind, in numbers, 
 operated by our church for ^ the 
 Colored race. In the meantime, 
 the older school, St. Augustine's 
 Raleigh has been greatly improv- 
 ed and strengthened. The Bishop 
 Payne Divinity School Petersburg 
 although in existence as a branch 
 school of the Virginia Seminary, 
 at the time of the organization 
 of the Commission has since that.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 it 

 
 12 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 time been duly incorporated as a 
 separate and distinct institution. 
 This institution as well as King 
 Hall, founded since 1886, have 
 dona good work in furnishing 
 men for the Holy Ministry. Hoff- 
 man Hall, Nashville Tenn., has 
 arisen and fallen, and arisen a- 
 gain since 1886, and is designed 
 to do much the same work as the 
 other Theological institutions al- 
 ready mentioned. Quite a number 
 of parochial schools, throughout 
 the South, have come into exist- 
 ence during the period we are now 
 considering, and some of them 
 have graduated into something 
 more pretentious, such as Saint 
 Mark's Academy, Birmingham, 
 Ala., and S. Michael's School, 
 Charlotte, North Carolina. 
 
 In 1894 our oldest church, the 
 mother of us all, S. Thomas' Phil- 
 adelphia, with most imposing and 
 beautiful services, assisted by 
 some twenty odd Afro- American 
 priests, as well as other clergy, 
 celebrated its first Centennial. It 
 was indeed a grand and worthy 
 occasion. One hundred years of 
 corporate Church life by Negroes 
 in the Anglican communion! 
 
 Bishops and distinguished men, 
 both of the clergy and laity, were 
 present to take part in that great 
 celebration. The Rev. Owen M. 
 Waller, M. D., was the Rector of 
 the parish at that time. It was 
 
 in connection with this Centenni- 
 al celebration that the very first 
 Annual meeting of the Woman's 
 Auxiliary to the Conference, was 
 held. The 'old mother Church' 
 furnished the place of meeting 
 for this first National gathering 
 of our Women, and that in con- 
 nection with her Centennial, and 
 the next oldest of our Afro- Amer 
 ican churches, S. Philip's New 
 York, furnished the Afro- Ameri- 
 can Churchwoman, the first Pres 
 idsnt of our Conference Auxiliary 
 Miss Sarah Elizebeth Frazier. 
 
 This feature of our annual Con 
 ferences, the Auxiliary, is far 
 from being simply an ornamental 
 one. The women have done, and 
 are doing, a grand work, in in- 
 spiring and uniting the .women of 
 oar several parishes, in the work 
 of Missions and the uplifting of 
 the race. 
 
 Then, there have been other 
 celebration worthy of special msn 
 tion, such as the Fiftieth Anni- 
 versary of the ordination of our 
 venerable father and brother the 
 late Alexander Crummsll to the 
 Priesthood, . celebrated at St. 
 Luke's Church, Washington, De- 
 cember 1894. His address, upon 
 that historic occasion like all 
 his utterances, was most beauti- 
 ful, and impressive, as well as 
 replete with historical matter 
 worthy of preservation. The 25th
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 13 
 
 THK REV. T. \V. C VIN. 
 Who Represented Texas in the Gen- TH E LATE REV. WM. DOUGLASS, 
 
 eral Convention. '"' -Maryland, l-'irxt Colored Man Or- 
 
 dained in :i- South. 
 
 ,~ 
 
 _JBHB 
 AKCHDKACO.X POI.L.ARD, N. C. ARCHDEACON Kl SSIOI.I,. So. Virginia.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 anniversary of the ordination to 
 the Priesthood of our present 
 much beloved and honored "se- 
 nior" Presbyter Rev. H. L. Phil- 
 lips, bat a few vears ago, was cel- 
 brated in grand style by the 
 people of his own congregation 
 among whom he has spent all of 
 his cleriacl life. 
 
 If St. Thomas Philadelphia is 
 the oldest of us all, St. James 
 Baltimore, is at least the oldest 
 south of Mason and Dixon's line, 
 and as all of us are members one 
 of another, so St. James is in- 
 debted somewhat both to St. 
 Thomas Philadelphia, and St 
 Philips, New York, for her found 
 er William Levington was a New 
 Yorker by birth, while he receiv- 
 ed his orders in Philadelphia, very 
 likely within the walls of the 
 Old St. Thomas church'. St. James 
 has partly paid its debt, for 
 Maryland sent St. Thomas her 
 Wm. Douglass, and we have given 
 St. Philip's New York, for her 
 Rector, and the best she has ever 
 had, one of our own children. 
 And in order that we might give 
 even more than we recieved, St. 
 James, more than 59 years ago 
 sant her first born son into the 
 ministry to the city of New Hav- 
 en, and St. Luke's church tells 
 what Eli Worthington Stokes 
 wrought. So a few years ago 
 the old Southern mother "St. 
 James" Baltimore celebrated her 
 
 75th Anniversary by pulling up 
 stakes and lengthening her cords 
 in a more desirable portion of the 
 city, that she may continue in 
 the future, as in the past, 
 to send forth her sons as found- 
 ers and builders of Churches. 
 
 The Church Advocate, in sea- 
 son and out of season, has lived 
 by some means as a connecting 
 link between the scattered breth- 
 ren, during all these years^and 
 it has not been published entirely 
 in vain, even though its editor 
 has had to pay a royalty for the 
 privilege of advocating a cause 
 and interest dear to the hearts 
 of all Afro- Americans. 
 
 Certainly, as we impartially re- 
 view the work of 17 years past, 
 and take a bird eye view of the 
 number of clergy, churches chap- 
 els schools and other agencies, 
 then, now, we must give thanks 
 and high praise to God for the 
 grace andf avor bestowed upon us r 
 unworthy as we are, in being per- 
 mitted to note so many gratifying 
 evidences of success and useful- 
 ness to the race and tothe Church. 
 May the Almighty God continue 
 to pour forth upon us his favor 
 and blessing, and may He also, 
 of his infinite mercy and goodness 
 grant refreshment, light and 
 peace to our fellow workers who 
 having fallen asleep, have pass- 
 ed on out of our sight into the 
 Paradise of God.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. . 15 
 
 REV. H. L,. PHILLIPS, Penn. 
 
 REV. J. W. PERRY, N. C. 
 
 REV. ( . M. ( . REASpir, Mo. MEV. H. S. Mt-DlFFV, Lomg Island.
 
 16 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT. 
 
 At the I9th annual meeting of the Conference of Church Workers 
 Among Colored People, held in St. Luke's Church, New Haven, Conn., 
 Sept. 1 5th, 1903, a Commission of Fifteen was created to seek an interview 
 with the Bishops in southern dioceses, with respect to the adjustment of 
 the Historic Episcopate to the needs of the Colored Race. Through the 
 kindness and courtesy of the late Bishop Dudley of Kentucky, chairman 
 of' the Commission for Work Among Colored People, an audience was 
 secured in the city of Washington, at the Pro. Cathedral, on Monday 
 Oct. 26, 1903. Bishop Dudley presided in this conference, and the Rev. 
 Geo. F. Bragg, Jr., D.D., and the Rev. Prof. J. W. Johnson, of the 
 Bishop Payne Divinity School, Petersburg, Va., were selected by the 
 Conference Commission to be their "spokesmen. Bishops from the follow- 
 ing dioceses and jurisdictions were present: Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, 
 Kentucky, Lexington, Massachusetts, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tenn- 
 essee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia (Bishop 
 Coadjutor) and the jurisdiction of Southern Florida. 
 
 The members of the Conference Commission present were: Rev. 
 Messrs. Bragg, Bishop, Miller, H. L. Phillips, Waller, Tunnell, E. R. 
 Bennett, Johnson, and Archdeacon Pollard. Laity Messrs. Dr. J. C. 
 Norwood, R. R. Horner, Walker W. Lewis, and Solomon DeCourcey. 
 
 By a careful reading of the addresses below, it will appear that the 
 colored clergy and laity of the Church do not ask for anything startling 
 or revolutionary. They do not ask for any mandatory enactment. They 
 only ask that -the general law of the Church be so changed that where 
 two or more diocesan Bishops, in contiguous dioceses, deem it wise and 
 helpful to the work, upon their united request, a colored clergyman may 
 be consecrated as' a Missionary Bishop, to exercise jurisdiction over the 
 colored people within their territorial bounds, under such regulations as 
 may be determined upon by the House of Bishops. 
 
 The following address was read by Rev.*Dr. George F. Bragg, chair- 
 man of the committee, and Secretary of the Conference of Church 
 Workers : 
 
 AN ADDRESS TO THE BISHOPS IN SOUTHERN DIOCESES. 
 Venerable Fathers in God: 
 
 We desire, first of all, to tender you our sincere thanks for your 
 prompt and ready response to the invitation of the Conference of Church 
 Workers among the Colored People, to meet in friendly conference with 
 representatives from that body, with respect to matters pertaining to -a 
 branch of the Church's missionary work in which you, as well as ourselves 
 are profoundly interested. There are grave and serious difficulties which 
 interpose and hinder the advancement of the Kingdom of God among
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 17 
 
 REV. E. It. BENNETT, East Carolina. 
 
 REV. AV. V. TUXXELI,, D. C. REV. J. S. Qt ARLES, South Carolina.
 
 18 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 the colored people, and if we shall seem, in this address, to confine our- 
 selves wholly to one of these disadvantages, it is because, in our judgment, 
 the removal of the same carries with it the solution of most of the remain- 
 ing ones. 
 
 Those of us who work in the South, or have worked in the Southern 
 States, can and do most cheerfully testify to the unfailing kindness, love, 
 gentleness, and deep interest in this work which have characterized many 
 of our white brethren. The peculiar conditions which militate so stub- 
 bornly against any great advance of the Church among the colored race 
 are to be sought from other causes rather than from any lack of interest 
 on their part. While the members of our own race sustain the profound- 
 est respect, good-will, and appreciation for the dominant race, yet such 
 are our racial idiosyncrasies and past ecclesiastical education, that we 
 find it increasingly difficult to adjust ourselves, ecclesiastically, to the 
 seeming demands of our white neighbors and brethren. 
 
 It is far from our purpose to condemn or indulge in unkindly criti- 
 cism. We desire simply to state the fact. As at present constituted, it 
 would seem utterly impossible for the colored Clergy and laity to receive 
 equal and impartial treatment and consideration in the several diocesan 
 conventions. As a result, much is said and done which hinders rather 
 than advances the cause of our Lord. We are supremely desirous that 
 peace, friendship, and love should mutually obtain between us ; and in 
 furtherance of such a laudable end, to the glory of Almighty God and the 
 salvation of all souls, we are led to ask of you your good offices-in securing 
 such additional canonical legislation as will remove us from the humiliat- 
 ing and undignified position in which we find ourselves in the Church. 
 
 The Historic Episcopate does not touch us as closely and as helpfully 
 as the needs of the great body of our people demand. This is not so 
 much because our Diocesan Bishops are indisposed to do their utmost 
 in this particular, but rather because the civic and social condition obtain- 
 ing between the two races renders it difficult for them so to do. Diocesan 
 convocations for colored people, subject to the control of diocesan conven- 
 tions, as established in several dioceses, do not meet the requirements of 
 the situation and have not been fruitful of satisfactory results. They 
 greatly aggravate conditions already distressing. Too often it is the 
 case that prominent laymen in our diocesan conventions are also prom- 
 inent in civic conventions which do not so lovingly deal with the civil 
 concerns of the colored race. Our people do not believe that the men 
 who minimize their civic rights and privileges can safely be trusted to 
 advance the human side of their spiritual interests. 
 
 In view of the present exigencies, and, pre-eminently, as a measure 
 of peace and good- will, on both sides, it is our calm and deliberate judg-
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 19 
 
 
 
 REV. P. P. ALSTON, N. C. REV. H. B. DELANEY, North Carolina. 
 
 m 
 
 REV. W. P. BURKE, So. Virginia. REV. J. N. DEAVER, New Jersey.
 
 20 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 ment, the result of many years of patient observation, study and prayer, 
 that the prosecution of our work in the Southern States, among the 
 colored people; should be placed more directly under the general Church. 
 We believe that there should be missionary jurisdictions extending 
 through two or more dioceses, with a Bishop at the head of each, drawn 
 from the same race represented by the clergy and people among whom 
 he is to labor. Thus, we would respectfully, but most earnestly, ask 
 of the General Convention through you, our Right Reverend Fathers : 
 
 The adoption of a canon, not mandatory,, but permissive, embracing 
 the following general features : 
 
 (a) That it shall be lawful for the General Convention, upon the 
 request of two or more Diocesan Bishops contiguously situated to con- 
 stitute into a missionary jurisdiction their territory, as pertaining to the 
 colored race. 
 
 (b) The Diocesan Bishops within the bounds of each missionary 
 jurisdiction thus constituted to compose an Advisory Council for work 
 among colored people in such territory. 
 
 (c) Such jurisdictions to be absolutely independent of diocesan 
 conventions, and represented in the General Convention as that body may 
 prescribe. 
 
 (d) Any jurisdiction constituted under this canon to be altered,, 
 re-arranged, or terminated at the will of the General Convention. 
 
 Such in brief outline are the salient points of the adaptation of the 
 Historic Episcopate to the needs of Afro- American people. 
 
 But it is urged in objection to this plan 
 
 (i) That it will result in divorcing the present Diocesan Bishops 
 from the affection and esteem of their colored friends, for whom they 
 entertain fatherly affection and earnest solicitude. 
 
 On the contrary we maintain that, by the operation of this new sys- 
 tem of endeavor among the race, the affection, esteem, and mutual respect 
 will become far more vital and real, and instead of our Right Reverend" 
 Fathers -being further removed they will be brought into closer touch, 
 to the very hearts of the people among whom we labor. They would be 
 free from the heart-aches of constantly trying to reconcile the radical 
 elements on both sides to a conservative course. There would be no 
 occasion for unpleasant occurrences in diocesan conventions on account 
 of the presence of increasing numbers of colored clerical and lay delegates, 
 nor would there Le any longer ground for fear, in the event of an election 
 of a Diocesan Bishop, that the colored delegates would vote unanimously 
 for the candidate of the white minority because of his outspoken friend- 
 ship for negroes. For in the case of a close, vote, the negroes effecting 
 a decision, it would prove a clear case of alleged "negro domination."
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 21 
 
 REV. R. BRIGHT, GEORGIA 
 
 A / '// / 
 
 REV. E. N. ROLLINGS, S. C. 
 
 REV. C. AV. BROOKS, ALABAMA.
 
 22 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 (2) It is further urged against our plan that in event of its adoption 
 the colored work would surely languish rather than increase, for, it is 
 feared, the Church having, at least, to some extent, cut apart from the 
 negroes, the latter would be left to die for want of financial support. 
 
 We maintain that a perfect analysis of the situation will result rather 
 in furnishing the most reasonable grounds fpr anticipating directly the 
 opposite finding. 
 
 To be perfectly frank, the Southern white people of culture and 
 means are, indeed and in truth, most kindly disposed towards the colored 
 people, and yet, because of our present plan of operation, they are re- 
 strained from enthusiastically assisting in this work. If, perchance, they 
 did, it would simply mean the increase of vexations, troubles, and annoy- 
 ances with respect to possible happenings in the event of a considerable 
 number of colored clergymen and laymen being admitted to their diocesan 
 convention on an equality with themselves. 
 
 In the adoption of the present plan under consideration, the whole 
 bone of contention is removed. White persons who are wont to teach 
 negro Sunday-schools, conduct mother's meetings, and help in the .use of 
 many other agencies would be free from the restraining influence of a 
 possible alleged "negro domination," enthusiastically to help in this work 
 in every proper way. 
 
 In the presence of increased enthusiasm and good-will, on the part 
 of both white and colored Churchmen in the South, and the bright and 
 unobstructed prospects ahead, means from the philanthropic Churchmen 
 of the North would flow as never before. And besides this, the colored 
 people would do more for themselves than they are now doing. Any man 
 will do more when placed upon his honor, and when he feels himself to 
 be something, than he will when he is secretly distrusted and rather 
 expected to fail. 
 
 (3) And, lastly, there are among some of our best white friends 
 those who seem to oppose our plan ; because they are far from being 
 persuaded, in 'spite of all these years of. operation, and the good work 
 of our many seminaries, that real competent colored priests can be found 
 sufficiently equipped, of such an administrative and constructive calibre 
 as to warrant the hope that they would prove equal to the demands of the 
 missionary episcopate. We confess much diffidence in addressing our- 
 selves to this objection. Unquestionably, from their point of view, there 
 is some ground for this position. 
 
 It is hardly possible to know a book, and even a man, from the 
 outside. One must have a vital and real contact with the life, hopes, 
 fears, and aspirations of another before he can be said to know him. 
 There is a life without the veil, another within the veil. It is in con-
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 23 
 
 St. I-uke'H Choir, Washington, D. C.
 
 24 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 nection with that life within that the colored priest moves and has his 
 being, so that those without can hardly appreciate the fulness, the courage, 
 and strength of the life shadowed by the veil and penetrating the hidden 
 chambers of that life, many joyful surprises are certain to dawn upon 
 the earnest and sincere inquirer after truth. Among the eighty odd 
 priests and deacons who live within this veil are a number who, despite 
 their lowly origin, have made steady ascent along the road of self-con- 
 quest, amid environments full of difficulties and hardships, and thus 
 forecast still greater ascent and conquest if only given a fair, honest, and 
 genuine opportunity. 
 
 Burdens imposed beget the strength and powers for faithful per- 
 formance. The poor negro lad, once a sailor, newsboy, or just an ordin- 
 ary youth, having attained the priesthood and gone forth, hampered 
 with poverty and environed with hardships, has from nothing called 
 into being a parish. In such wonderful development he has had no well- 
 trained business men, lawyers, or other professional men to share with 
 him the burdens in the administrative functions or the constructive work 
 in which he was engaged; and little and insignificant as it really is by 
 contrast with the accomplishments of those of noble birth, blessed and 
 helped on every side, and starting out in life with a rich inheritance, 
 along all lines of endeavor, yet it tells a story, pathetic though it may be, 
 nevertheless one of noble self-sacrifice and triumph, and plainly intimates 
 that such an one, so faithful, noble, and true in a few things, has within 
 the capabilities and powers for even higher and nobler achievements. 
 
 We are but pleading for what has been advocated by\ some of the 
 leading Bishops and laymen of the American Church. As far back as 
 1873, an important correspondence on this plan took place between two 
 of the most distinguished prelates that have ever adorned and shed lustre 
 upon the American episcopate, the lamented and greatly-beloved Bishop 
 Howe of South Carolina, and that marvellous and massive giant in intel- 
 lectual and spiritual powers, the foremost of his brethren, the venerable 
 Bishop Whittingham of Maryland. The letter of Bishop Whittingliam 
 bears so pointedly on the present matter before us that we herewith give 
 the same : 
 
 (BlSHOP WlIlTTINGHAM TO BlSHOP HOWE.) 
 
 "BALTIMORE, May 30, 1873. 
 
 MY DEAR BISHOP : The plan of an episcopate for our colored popu- 
 lation is by no means new to me. Long before the Civil War I had been 
 driven to mediate on it, by conviction that the blacks in my own diocese 
 could not be efficiently provided for on our present scheme, and that there 
 did seem to be ground for anticipating good success for work among 
 them well organized and diligently prosecuted on the plan of a "race"
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 25
 
 26 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 or "tongue" episcopate, jurisdiction, ministry, and pastoral supply. 
 
 The double, mutually compensatory and completory, kinds of juris- 
 diction, topical and lingual ; or distributed by metes and bounds, for a 
 certain portion of the population, and by race or language (distributed 
 over or scattered through the same metes and bounds, with or without rec- 
 ognition of them) to a certain other portion (or several other portions) 
 of a collimital population, / believe to have been existent and more or less 
 extensively employed as called for, throughout the Church in all ages. 
 
 I see no reason why the Church should not resort to its use in our 
 country, so wonderfully peopled and still peopling by myriads of incomers 
 from many and very diverse races and tongues. 
 
 On that plan we might have an episcopate for the Scandinavian 
 tongue, another for the German, another for the Chinese, and, above all, 
 for the millions of our native blacks. 
 
 Of course, in the outset, each of these must of necessity have a mis- 
 sionary character ; and with the exception of the last and possibly also 
 of the third be constituted with distinct recognition of a steady process 
 of evanishment in proportion as the several races or tongues should 
 become merged in the general mass of the community. 
 
 But to institute such a work, I suppose we should have to add new 
 canonical provisions : just as was proposed (and, I think, by mistake, 
 not done) in the last General Convention for our foreign congregations 
 in Europe and elsewhere. A canon, in a few sections, might provide 
 when and where such work should be done by whom election, etc., should 
 be effected, artd what the relations of the new organizations should be 
 with existing diocesan and missionary schemes. 
 
 I, for one, am ready to enter upon endeavors to devise and execute 
 such a plan of Church extension (to which Providence seems to be calling 
 us in more than one direction) whenever my brethren shall have faith and 
 zeal to set about it. Our new Indian episcopate is a long and noble step 
 toward the enterprise. 
 
 Heartily thanking you for the opportunity of exchanging opinions 
 upon the subject, and wishing that you and our brethren of the adjoining 
 dioceses would bestow the study and labor which the due preparation of a 
 well-devised scheme would doubtless require, but would certainly thor- 
 oughly deserve, 
 
 I am faithfully and truly your loving friend and brother, t 
 
 W. R. W., Bishop of Maryland." 
 
 The late venerable Rev. Dr. Hanckell of Virginia, indefatigable and 
 exhaustive in his investigation and study of such affairs, among other 
 resolutions which were offered by him and adopted by the Virginia
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 27 
 
 St. Stephen'* ChAlr, Petersburg, Va.
 
 ^8 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 Council in 1879, presented the following: 
 
 "Resolved, - lastly, that our deputies to the next General Convention 
 be charged with the duty of bringing before the house of clerical and 
 lay-deputies the question of. the expediency of giving to the colored people 
 of Virginia and other Southern States, when desired, a full and complete 
 Church organization of their own race, under such constitutional and 
 canonical provisions as the General Convention in their wisdom may 
 devise and ordain." 
 
 In the year 1888 the late Rt. Rev. Dr. H. M. Jackson, then rector 
 of Grace Church, Richmond, Va., and one of the editors of the Southern 
 Churchman, although opposed in^ principle to anything like a separation, 
 was thoroughly convinced, in the light of the peculiar exigencies of that 
 time, that the identical idea which we now advocate, before you, should 
 obtain. 
 
 The following letter from Bishop Jackson was then written to a 
 colored priest in the Diocese of Virginia : 
 
 (BISHOP JACKSON'S LETTER.) 
 
 "RICHMOND, VA., June 4, 1888. 
 
 Your letter was received this morning. Your idea is mine exactly. 
 Personally, I do not want any separate jurisdiction. I am perfectly 
 willing to have 'you and your people in council on equal footing, and I 
 do not share the apprehension of others. But it is nothing what my 
 individual views may be. You know as well as I do the widespread 
 sentiment which renders some arrangement, permanent or temporary, 
 absolutely necessary. I deplore the fact, but yet it is a fact, and as such 
 must be taken into account. If, therefore, a separate jurisdiction is 
 necessary, I am very much concerned that it should be effected by the 
 General Convention and not by the individual dioceses. Because 
 
 First. If it is the action of the whole Church, it will be much more 
 readily acquiesced in by your people. 
 
 Second. If it is the action of the whole Church, it will be much 
 more readily acquiesced in by the Northern people. 
 
 Third. It will secure a uniform system for the whole South. 
 
 On this last point it seems to me to be a thing greatly to be deplored 
 if one policy prevails in one diocese and another in another. 
 
 If the colored people have rights and privileges in one diocese which 
 they have not in another, it will have most disastrous results. For 
 instance, Florida sends a colored delegate to General Convention, and 
 Virginia excludes the colored people from its own council such a differ- 
 ence aggravates the feeling which the colored people of Virginia must have 
 that they are ostracized and are the victims of race prejudice. Moreover,
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 29 
 
 St. James' Church (Interior), Baltimore, Md.
 
 30 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 will not the Northern people say, 'Florida treats the colored people fairly, 
 Virginia unfairly therefore our money goes to Florida, where there is 
 hope of results' ? But there is no use to argue, any one can see that there 
 must- be uniformity of policy on every hand. Therefore I am for mis- 
 sionary jurisdictions under the control of the General Convention, such 
 as you sketch; and after a time, when prejudices die away, these juris- 
 dictions may lapse and things fall back into the normal order. 
 
 To this end I shall make some effort. I shall sound the delegates 
 to the last General Convention to see how far the sentiment of the North- 
 ern Church is likely to yield to this measure. I wish you would help me 
 in this, as it will take a deal of writing. If you will, let me know. 
 
 I hope if I can come into the next council with some evidence that 
 the General Convention will be likely to consent to such missionary juris- 
 dictions, I may be able to stay action." 
 
 We are animated with but one single purpose, and that is to see 
 our beloved Church take hold of our race and carry to them the Gospel 
 of our Lord Jesus Christ as received and taught by this Church. A cruel 
 injustice is done to a -faithful body of missionary workers in our field, 
 when it is made to appear that our persistent and earnest efforts in this 
 direction are inspired by an unholy ambition to seek exalted positions for 
 the leaders in this movement. The present want of a general system of 
 action in this missionary department of the Church's work makes our 
 labor more strenuous and difficult, keeps self-respecting people out of 
 the Church, and makes it harder to get suitable and sufficient candidates 
 for Holy Orders. 
 
 We utterly abhor and repudiate any insinuation that what we ask 
 is the first important step in the creation of an African Church apart and 
 separate from our present American Church. Separate jurisdictions and 
 conventions do not imply separate and distinct churches. We are in the 
 6ne Church by virtue of Holy Baptism; and the episcopate, whether 
 diocesan or missionary, constitutes the visible expression of the unity of 
 all the parts in the one Catholic Church of Christ. 
 
 And now, Right Reverend Fathers in' God, we rest our case with 
 you. We are most anxious that you should have the benefit of any 
 additional light' or information which any of us can impart, and it will 
 be a pleasure on our part to respond to any questions which may suggest 
 themselves to you in connection with this subject. We have endeavored 
 to place before you the main facts, and a general outline of the legislation 
 which we deem necessary for the successful and aggressive prosecution of 
 the work among our race by the Church in which we have the honor of 
 claiming sonship.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CLERGY LIST. 
 PRIESTS: 
 
 187. 
 
 REV. H. L.' PHILLIPS. I 
 
 751 S. 15th St.. Phila.. Pa, 
 
 1877. 
 
 REV. WM. H. WILSON. * 
 Mason, Term. 
 
 isso. 
 
 REV. JOSEPH G. BRYANT. 
 Charlotte Hall, Md. 
 REV. S. KERR, 
 
 Thomasville, Ga. 
 
 REV. A. A. ROBERTS, 713 S. Hi 
 Nashville. Tenn. 
 
 1883. 
 
 REV. HUTCHENS C. BISHOP, 
 161 W. 25th St.. New. York. 
 REV. C. M. C. MASON. 2135 WashJwg- 
 ton avenue. St. Louis. Mo. 
 
 REV. J. B. MASSIAH, 
 329 St. Antoine St., Detroit, Mich. 
 REV. PETER A. MORGAN, 2704 Caron- 
 delet street. New Orleans. La. 
 
 1884. 
 REV. THOMAS G. HARPER. 
 
 Kansas City, Mo. 
 I SSG. 
 
 REV, J. H. M. POLLARD. Raleigh. 
 N. C. 
 
 1887. 
 
 REV. JAMES S. RUSSELL. Lawrnc- 
 ville. Va. 
 
 REV. JOHN W. PERRY. Tarboro, N.C. 
 REV. WM. V. TUNNELL, King Hall. 
 Washington. D. C. 
 
 tsss. 
 
 REV. HENRY S. McDUFFY 
 
 Jamaica (L. I.). N. Y. 
 
 REV. GEORGE F. BRAGG. JR.. r * *- 
 113: Park ave.. Baltimore, Md. 
 
 i XIM>. 
 REV. E. H. BUTLER, -v - . 
 
 Macon. Ga. 
 REV. WM. P. BURKE. Norfolk. Va. 
 
 1802. 
 
 REV. P. P. ALSTON, Charlotte, N. C. 
 
 REV. ALFRED H. LEALTAD, 30M 
 Dearborn street, Chicago. 111. 
 
 REV. H. B. DELANBY. Raleigh, N. C. 
 
 REV. RICHARD BRIGHT, Savannah. 
 Ga. 
 
 REV. GEORGE PRAZIER MILLER. 
 121 North Oxford street. Brooklyn. N. Y. 
 
 REV. JOS. A. BROWN. ^ 
 
 St. Joseph, Mo. 
 
 1.SIK*. 
 
 REV. O. M. WALLER. 1411 Corcoran !. 
 Washington. D. C. 
 REV. WM. M. JACKSON 
 Summerville, S. C. 
 
 18O4. 
 
 REV. THOS. J. BROWN, 647 Eleventh 
 street. I/ouisville, Ky. 
 
 REV. OSCAR L. MITCHELL. 23d at., N. 
 W . Washington. D. j. 
 
 RF,V J. J. N THOMPSON. Mobile, Ala. 
 REV. W. H. MARSHALL. 
 
 Galveston, Tex. 
 REV. MAXIMO F. DUTY. 
 v^.iarles Town, W. Va. 
 
 J ROB. 
 
 REV. E. N. HOLLINGS, 18 Jacspr t.. 
 Charleston. S. C. 
 REV. A. C. V. CARTIER. 
 'Derive 1 - Col. 
 
 1806. 
 REV. E. ROBERT BENNETT. 
 
 Wilmington, N. C. 
 
 REV. TOSEPH F. MITCHELL. Newport 
 News. Va 
 
 REV. I. P. DANIELS. 
 
 Little Rock, Ark. 
 
 REV. J. W. JOHNSON. Petersburg. V*. 
 REV. JOHN A. WILLIAMS. , Omaha. 
 Nob. 
 
 REV. JOHN HENRY SIMONS. 
 Annapolis. Md. 
 
 RRV. R. D. PHILLIPS, 
 
 1209 South Eighth St.. Camden. N. J. 
 REV. E. L. HENDERSON. 
 
 356 Crown St.. Now Haven. Conn. 
 REV. G. ALEXANDER MAGUIRE. 
 1K09 Pin" St.. Philadelphia. Pa. 
 REV CHAS. W. BROOKS. Birming- 
 ham. Ala. 
 
 i*Ss. 
 
 REV. E. G. CLIFTON. 611 E. 158th U 
 New York 
 
 RKV JOHN P. DENNTR. Savannah, Q, 
 REV. F. I. A. BENi^TT, 
 
 Linden St., Washington, D. C.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 33
 
 34 
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 REV. JOHN R. BROOKS, 
 
 Montgomery, Ala. 
 
 1899. 
 REV. E. T. DEMBY. 
 
 Key West. Fla. 
 
 REV. B. W. PAXTON, Newark, N. J. 
 HEV. A. E. JENSEN, 
 
 Croom. Md. 
 
 REV. W. GEO. AVANT, New Bern, 
 N. C. 
 
 REV. W. J. HERITAGE. 
 
 Asheville, N. C. 
 REV. JAMEF N. DEAVER, 
 
 1700 Arctic Ave., Atlantic City, N. J. 
 . SCOTT WOOD, 
 
 Brunswick, Ga. 
 
 19OO. 
 REV. 4. G. COOMBS, 
 
 Augusta. Ga. 
 REV. GEORGE BUNDT. 
 
 906 John St.. Cincinnati, O. 
 
 1901. 
 REV. JOSEPH E. TUCKER, 
 
 Memphis, Tenn. 
 REV CHARLES I. SMirH. 
 200 F St., S. W., Washington, D. C. 
 
 1902. 
 REV. EDWARD S. WILLETT, 
 
 Keokuk, Iowa. 
 REV. JOSEPH LIVINGSTON, 
 
 Port Tobasco, Md. 
 
 REV. THOMAS O JKOWN, 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 REV. E. W. DANIEL, "t. Paul, Minn 
 REV. D. R. WALLACE, 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 1J>03. 
 REV. ROBERT DAVIS BR' >WN. 
 
 Columbus, Ohio 
 REV. J. S. QUARL.ES, 
 
 Peake. S. C. 
 REV. R. T. MIDDLETON. 
 
 Vicksburg, ilias 
 
 1888. 
 
 REV. P W. CASSTCY. St. Nicholas. Fl 
 
 189. 
 REV. W. W. CHKRHTER. Bolivar.Tenn 
 
 1 885. 
 REV. J. W. CARROLL. 
 
 St.. Tammany, Va. 
 
 REV. J. T. HARRISON, 
 Totaro, Va. 
 
 1886. 
 
 REV. GEORGE E. HOWELL, 
 New Brookland, S. C. 
 
 1887. 
 REV. B. B. TYLER 
 
 Wilson. N. C. 
 
 1S9O. 
 
 REV. J. T. KENNEDY. Franklin, N. C 
 REV. F. M. MANN. Darien, Ga. 
 REV. D. D. MOORE. Palatka, Fla. 
 REV. C. L. SIMMONS, Union Level, Va 
 
 1893. 
 
 REV. JOHN B. MANCEBO, Columbia, 
 S. C. 
 
 185)5. 
 
 REV. T. B. BAILEY. Statesville, N. C. 
 REV. G. R. JACKSON, St. Simon'* 
 Mills. Ga. 
 
 REV. J. E. KING. Raleigh. N C. 
 REV. ROBERT J. MORGAN 
 Nashville. Tenn. 
 
 1897. 
 REV. J. M. MUNDY, Hendeluon, Ky. 
 
 1899. 
 
 REV. J. B. BROWN. St. Tammany. Va. 
 REV. C. B. PRITCHETT, 
 
 Kingston, N. C 
 1901. 
 REV. R. L. WILSON, 
 
 Hopklnsvllle, Ky. 
 19O2. 
 
 REV. A. E. DEY, Atlanta, Ga, 
 REV. NATHANIEL PETERSON BOYD. 
 
 Brooklyn. N. Y. 
 REV. ROBERT GORDON 
 San Antonio, Tex. ' 
 
 1003. 
 REV. D. LEROY FERGUSON, 
 
 REV. ROBERT W. BAGNALL. 
 
 Blackstone. Va. 
 REV. M. M. WESTON, 
 
 Edenton. N. C. 
 
 REV. A. ST. CLARE MOORE. 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 1004. 
 REV. E. E. MILLLER. 
 
 Gordonsville. Va. 
 REV. C. H. MALE. 
 
 Oxford. N. C. 
 
 REV. M. SPATCHES. 
 
 Key West, Fla.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 f 
 
 35 
 
 St. Stephen's Church, Petersburg, Va. 
 
 St. Ausuntlnc's Church, Camden, N. J.
 
 36 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 St. Philip's Church (Sanctuary), New York.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 37 
 
 All Saint*)' Church, St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 St. James' Church, Baltimore. Md.
 
 38 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 
 St. Paul's School, I>awrenceville, Va. 
 
 Collegiate Department, St. Augustine's School. Raleigh, .V C.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 39 
 
 St. Js-aies' (Interior), Ocala, Fla. 
 
 St. Augustine's, Atlantic City, X. J.
 
 AFRO-AMERICAN CHURCH WORK AND WORKERS. 
 
 THE CONFERENCES. 
 The Southern Bishops having called 
 a Conference of white persons to meet 
 at Sewanee, Tenn., in the Spring or 
 Summer of 1883. to deliberate concern- 
 ing the Negro, a Conference of Colored 
 Clergy was called to meet in New York 
 the fall of the same year. It was held in 
 the same city the year following. Since 
 then the places of meeting have been as 
 below; 1885. Richmond, Va, 
 
 1886. Washington, D C. 
 
 1887. Baltimore, Md. 
 
 1888. Norfolk, Va. 
 
 1889. New York - 
 
 1890. Philadelphia, Pa. 
 l9l. None held. 
 
 1892. Baltimore, Md. 
 
 1893. Louisville, Ky. 
 
 1894. Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 1895. Washington. D. C 
 1896. Charleston, S. C. 
 i89/. Baltimore, Md. 
 
 1898. Richmond, Va. 
 
 1899. New York. 
 
 1900. Raleigh, N. C. 
 
 1901. Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 1902. Washington, D. C. 
 
 1903. New Haven, Conn. 
 
 Ctaapel St. Augustine's, Ralelgb, N. C.