California egional icility University of California Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1388 Return this material to the library from which It was borrowed. no9 ^E^tE luMf DUE 2 WKS FROM DATJ RECEIVED i \r,\ A URL/ILL _i THE WINDSOR GUIDE ; CONTAINING A DESCRIPTION OF THE TOWN AND CASTLE; THE PRESENT STATE OF THE PAINTINGS AND CURIOSITIES IN THE ROYAL APARTMENTS; A!f ACCOUNT OF Clje Monuments, paintetn SHmtroto, $c IX ST. GEORGES CHAPEL; o \ *>*> THE FOUNDATION OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF ST. GEORGE, AND OF THE ORDER OF THE GARTER. ALSO, A DESCRIPTION of the LODGES, PARKS, and FOREST : TO WHICH IS ADDED, A Brief Account of Eton. A NEW EDITION, CORRECTED AND MUCH ENLARGED. WINDSOR: *RIVTBD 4XD SOLD Bf C. K.VIGHT CONTENTS. CHAP I. \JF the Town of Windsor, its situation, principal Streets, Buildings, Corporation, Charitable Institutions, $c .............................. . ......... 5 . CHAP. II. Of Windsor Castle, by whom built, and at different times improved ..... ........ . ........ . .............. .... 37 CHAP. III. Of the Upper Ward, Royal Apartments, St. George's Hall, and the King's Private Chapel 45 CHAP. IV. Of the Round Tower, and the Governor's Apart- ments .................................... . ............... . 71 CHAP. V. Of the Lower Ward, Apartments of the Dean, Canons, Minor Canons, Clerks, Poor Knights, 4fe ......................................................... 76 212S551 if CONTENTS. CHAP. VI. PAGE. Of the Chapel of St. George, by whom built, its cu- rious stone deling, beautiful painted windows, magnificent choir, and splendid altar piece; Queen's closet, Chapter-house, Royal Vaults, and monuments of illustrious persons 79 CHAP. VIL Of the Foundation of the College of St. George ; of the Dean and Canons, Minor Canons, Clerks, Choristers, Poor Knights, fyc. Sfc , 126 INSTITUTION, &c. OF THE GARTER. Of the Institution of the Order of the Garter ; of the Habit and Ensigns of the Order ; a List of the present Knights and Officers ; Ceremonies of Installation, and of the manner of degrading such Knights as shall have behaved contrary to the Institution of the illustrious Order 136 CHAP. VIII. Of the Royal Lodges, Parks, and Forest 175 Frogmore 176 Eton 184 Porny, M. A. Memoirs of, and of his School 191 WINDSOR GUIDE. CHAP. I. Of the Town of Windsor. WINDSOR is delightfully situated in the counfy of Berks, twenty-two miles west of London, on the verdant banks of the mild and gentle Thames ;*' which, from its serpentine course in this part of it, was, in King Edward the Confessor's charter, termed "Windlcshora, (the Winding Shore) hence, in time, it was called Windsor. As early as the reign of the Prince just named, Wiudleshora was presented to the monastery of St. Peter of Westminster ; but it is rery doubtful if any royal palace or castle were erected here until the time of William the Conqueror. In fhi reign tie donation of Edward was exchanged with, tltf THE WINDSOR GUIDE. Holy Fathers for some lands in Essex and other pro. perty, and the Norman Prince had not occupied the throne four years before he built a castle on the site of the round tower, where courts and synods were con- Yened, and where the Aula Regta was established. This town, on account of the inviting situation of its castle, being favored with the residence of Edward the first, who, in the year 1276, made it a free borough, and granted the inhabitants several privileges, soon became a place of great resort, and its environs the constant residence of many of the nobility. Edward I. and Queen Eleanor were extremely par. tial to this situation. As an indication of the simpli- city of the times, it is recorded that she usually went thither by water, not being a good horsewoman, and the roads being impassable for her conveyance by wag. gons. The roads from Windsor to London, within the last fifty years, were so bad, that a coach with four horses was usually ten hours in performing this jour- ney, which is now performed in less than four hours. Within the walls of this place a numerous progeny was born t9 Edward, who, possessing all the blessings of domestic life, learnt how to transfer the affections of a father from his family to his people. Sir William Blackstone has distinguished this prince by the title of the English Justinian. Sir M. Hale has affirmed that *HE WINDSOR GUIDE. 7 In the first few years of his reign more was effected for the regular administration of distributive justice, than by all the princes who succeeded him on the English throne ; and the records of our parliament inform us, that at the same period the disposal of the national treasures was assigned to the elective branch of our legislature. Such were the contemplations and duties which engaged Edward's mind in this seat of honorable retirement, which has endeared it to every English heart. We shall now gire an account of the present state of the town ; further particulars relative to the history of the castle will be found in chap. II. The charter of Edward I. was confirmed, and other immunities conferred, by Henry VI. Edward IV*. Henry VII. Henry VIII. James I. and Charles II. by which the corporation have the power of holding general quarter sessions, and of trying all petty offences, and in some cases felony. The town it governed by a mayor and 29 brethren, ten of whom have the title of aldermen, and out of these the mayor and justice are annually chosen ; three benchers, and sixteen burgesses; from the latter, two bailiffs are elected at the same time as the mayor and justice. Besides these, there are a high steward, chamberlain, under steward, town clerk, Serjeant at mace, and the usual subordinate oflicers. This borough has two 8 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. representatives in parliament, who at present are Colonel Edward Disbrowe, and John Ramsbottom, Esq. This borough sent members to parliament in the 30th year of'Edward I. ; from that time till the 25th of Henry VI. there .appears to have been no return. Since that period it has been regularly represented. The right of election was originally vested in the mayor, bailiffs and burgesses, not exceeding thirty. In 1640 this right of the corporation was resisted by the inhabitants at large; and in consequence thereof, from that time to the year 1737, many double returns were made, and petitions accordingly presented to parliament. These were sometimes decided in favor of the corporation, and sometimes on the side of the Inhabitants. On the double return, March 23d, 1737, of the Hon. Lord Vere Bcauclerk, and Richard Oldfield, Esq. it was resolved by the house that the right of electing members for the borough of New Windsor, was in the inhabitants paying scot and lot. These last resolutions are to be considered as a settled rule for the right of election for the borough of New Windsor, confirmed by the standing order of the House of Commons made the 16th of January, '1735, for restraining counsel from offering evidence THE WINDSOR GCIBI. 9 touching the legality of votes, contrary to the last determination of the House of Commons. This standing order of the House was referred to and read on the trial of the petition against the last mentioned double return. Since the time of the decision on Lord Vere Beau- clerk's election, conformably to the standing order of the House above recited, no further attempt has been made to alter or set aside the right of voting. The on! v alteration that has taken place is that of limi- tation, as to the time of residence aud rating, requisite to give a right to vote. At the election in 1780, some persons not resident within the borough, who were rated for coach-houses and stables, and who perhaps had not slept more than a night in the borough, claimed a right to vote ; six months' residence and rating is by an act of 26th Geo. III. required to give that right. The number of Toters, or names of persons assessed to the poor's rate within this borough, was at the election in 1794,320; in 1802, 402; in 1804, 4O4; in 1806,498; in 1807, upwards of 500. Thus it appears that in the space of thirteen years, the number of persons intended to become /roters, was increased nearly two. fifths, which is more to be ascribed to electioneering primciples than to an increased population, B 3 10 THE WINDSOR CFIDE. The town of Windsor consists of six principat streets, viz. Park-street, High-street, Thames-street^ Peascod-street, Church-street, and Castle-street. The less considerable streets are Butcher-row, lately called Queen's-street, St. Alban's-street, formerly named Priest-street, Sheet-street, George-street, Beer-lane, now called Red Lion-street, and Datchet, lane. The six first mentioned are all of them well disposed, paved, and lighted, in the same manner as London, by virtue of an Act of Parliament passed in 1769*. This act was amended and enlarged by an act in 1807. * In the above-mentioned act, sixty-one Commissioners were appointed from among the principal gentlemen and tradesmen of the town and neighbourhood, with authority to elect others, as the demise or resignation of any of them might render such election expedient, under the following limitations: That no per- son shall be capable of acting as a Commissioner in the execution f this act, during the time he shall hold any office of profit, or have any share or interest in any contract relating to the execu- tion of any of the powers of this act; or who is not in the possession or receipt of the rents of land?, &c. of the clear yearly value of 501. or possessed of a personal estate alone, to the amount of 15001.; except the Mayor and Just ice of the Peace,nnd the Under Steward of the said Borough for the time being, who are qualified to act as Commissioners by virtue of their respective offices. By the afore-mentioned act, the propertj' of the pavements in the streets and lanes, within the said parish and borough,are vested 'in the said Commissioners; so that no person durst remove or alter any part of (hem, \\ ithout their permission : Provided always, that nothing contained in this act shall be construed to extend to prejudice the Mayor and Corporation of Windsor, in any of their possessions, or rents reserved to them far any vaults, cellars' THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 11 The streets and lanes last named are but partially lighted and indifferently paved ; but as the buildings, and consequently the rates, are constantly improving, there is reason to hope that those, ere long, will be rendered more commodious. For carrying the afore- said Act into execution, his Majesty, out of his gracious favour, gave 10001. ; the Hon. Augustus Keppel, and Richard Tonson, Esq. the then members, 5001. each : many gentlemen of the town and neigh- bourhood also subscribed liberally to promote the undertaking. In addition to the above, in 1774, Admiral Keppel gave 500!. more, and Mr. Montague 10001. or other such their estates. I have been the more particular in extracting the substance of these sections, as it does not seem to be understood how far the manorial boundaries of the Corporation extend, or where the authority of the Commissioners commence, with respect to the property of the ground. The following sections of (his act relate to the manner of appointing officers, and to the settling their accompt', which any of the inhabitants have a right to inspect at any public meeting, without fee or reward ; to the power of making rates, and the mode of collecting them. These by the act of 1769, were not to exceed 9d. in the pound, in any one year; and that not prolducing quite 4001- per annum, was found inadequate to the current expences; the Commissioners therefore applied to Parliament for pnwer to increase the assess- ment, as circumstances may require, but which is restricted to an additional Sd. in the pound. The other matters contained in these acts, are such as are usual in acts of this kind, and the power of the Commissioners, to prevent or remove nuisances, is pretty absolute ; but to detail the several particulars, even in an abridged, flate, would exceed the limits of thU compendium. 1* THE WINDSOR GUIDR. TOWN-HALL. The Guildhall, which is situated in the principal part of the town, was erected in the year 1686, from a design of Sir Thomas Fides, surveyor of the Cinque Ports, at the expence of 20061. 14s. ; and was paid by the Corporation, except the sum of680l.7s.6d. which was presented by several gentlemen of the place. This is a handsome structure, supported with columns and arches of Portland stone. The hall or room in which the Corporation meet for the dispatch of the business of the borough is spacious, and more peculiarly adapted for that purpose, than for Assem- blies and Balls, which are constantly held here during the winter, and are generally well attended. In 1787, it was greatly improved by altering the construction, of the windows, and substituting modern sashes in lieu of common quarries. It is adorned with the portraits of James I. Charles I. Charles II. James II. William. III. Queen Mary, Queen Anne, George Prince of Denmark, Prince Rupert, Archbishop Laud, Theo- dore Randue, Esq. the Earl of Nottingham, Lord Admiral in the year 1688, governor of Windsor Cas- tle, and High Steward of the Borough, &c. In 1707, the Corporation, from their regard to Queen Anne, who constantly resided at Windsor during the summer season, erected in a niche at the north end of this structure, the statue of that princess, vested in her royal robes, with the globe and sceptre in her hands j THE WINDSOR GUIDE. * 13 and underneath, in the frieze of the entablature, is the following inscription : Anno Regni sui VI. Dora. 1770. Arte tua, sculptor, non est imitabilis ANNA : ANN/E'vis similem sculpere ? Sculpe deam. S. Chapman, Praetore. TRANSLATIOX. Sculptor, thy art is vain. It cannot trace The semblance of the matchless Anna's grace j Thou may'st as soon to high Olympus fly, And carve the model of some deity. S. CHAPMAN, Mayor. And, in a niche on the south side, is a statue of her Majesty's Royal Consort, Prince George of Den- mark, in a Roman Military Habit. Underneath is the following Inscription : Serenissimo Principi GEORGIO Principi Daniae, Ileroi Omni Seculo venerando. Christophtis Wren, Arm. Posuit MDCCXIII. IN ENGLISH THUS: * To the most Serene Prince George, Prince of Denmark, an hero to be revered in every age. Christopher "Wren, Esq. erected this statue, 1713. B5 14 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. In the area under the hall is kept a pitched market on Saturdays, for all sorts of grain ; there is also an open market on Wednesdays and Saturdays for fish, poultry, meat and vegetables ; that on Saturday is well supplied from (he surrounding country. There are also holden three fairs : on Easter Tuesday, July 5th, and October 24th. These are become very inconsiderable since their Majesties have resided so much here ; who, by the benevolent diffusion of their favors, have excited a spirit of industry and emulation in the different tradesmen, who vie with each other in the improvement of their shops, and in the quality and cheapness of their various commodities ; so that most of the necessaries, with many of the superfluities of life, may be purchased here on as eligible terms as at the first shops in the metropolis. THE PARISH CHURCH, Which is dedicated to St. John the Baptist, Is commodiously situated on the east side of the High-street ; it is a spacious ancient fabric. It has a peal of eight bells, two of which were given by Lord Marsham, cofferer to Queen Anne, who also re-cast the other six. The benefice is in the gift of the Lord Chancellor, and has been augmented by his present Majesty. The irregular disposition of the pews, and the injudicious construction of galleries, no less than THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 15 the unaccommodating spirit that pervaded some part of the inhabitants, excluded a considerable portion of the parishioners from attending, and others who did attend, from hearing the service. These complaints are in a great part removed by the general altera- tions and repairs of the church in 1806 and 1807. In these alterations the Corporation gallery, which separated in a manner the north aisle from the body of the Church, and also two other galleries that in- tersected the chancel from the nave, were taken down, as were five of the pillars, thereby changing ten small elliptical arches to five of a semi-circular form. The removal of these obstructions furnished an unobjec- tionable ground for new pewing the whole church, and by these means providing seats for such persons as were unaccommodated. The number of pews are increased from eighty-six to one hundred and fifty, and the number of persons furnished with seats from four hundred and thirty, to seven hundred and fifty. These additions, however considerable, were yet in- sufficient for the increased number of the congrega- tion, and it was thought expedient in 1809, to erect a gallery along the south aisle, which will contain upwards of two hundred persons. To the honour of the ministers and their congregation, these increased accommodations were found insufficient to contain all those who evinced a desire to attend public worship, according to the established church ; it was therefore judged advisable to erect a gallery in the north aisle. 16 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. which was accordingly done in the autumn of This gallery will contain 200 persons, and the whole church about 1200. The amount of the expences of these alterations and additions has been about three thousand one hundred pounds; of which 51 3/. was raised by Subscription ; 4701. by an Oratorio at the opening of the Church ; 500/. recovered to the use of the parish, being the balance of 10001. three- per- cent, consols, after deducting the law expences. A considerable portion of the residue has been paid out of the usual church rates. As there are yet many arrears to discharge, and external reparations re- quired, it should seem most advisable to borrow the sums necessary to complete the alterations, and discharge the principal and interest in such manner, as to prevent the burthen bearing too heavily upon the present inhabitants, who are averse to the com- mon. practice of begging by brief. From what has been said of the church, it will be readily conceived that there are but few of the inha- bitants who are not of the established religion. Neither the Roman Catholics, or any of the numerous denominations of dissenters are known here in suf- ficient numbers, to require notice ; except one sect, who style themselves Dissenters from the Church of England of the denomination of Independents. These have been in the habit of assembling together for some years past in a Meeting-house, situated_ia Beer- THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 17 lane, in the adjoining parish of Clewer, from which they are about to emerge, with much self-gratulatioaj if we may judge from the following address : ' The Congregation of Protestant Dissenters^ in Windsor, have for many years laboured under great disadvantages, arising from the unfavourable situa- tion, and incommodious nature of their place of Wor- ship. ' Impressed icith the importance of presenting Evan- gelical truth to the attention of the Public in a more engaging aspect, the friends of the Gospel long en- deavoured, but without success, to obtain a more eligible situation; where none might be repelled by appearances, and where those of the inhabitants who are inclined to attend occasionally, would meet with better accommodation. ' In pursuance of this object, about seven years since, the freehold of the Theatre was purchased : the players then held the remainder of a lease which expired at Christmas last, and the place is now fitting vp in a frugal but respectable manner; when completed it will contain about five hundred persons, being nearly one third larger than the present chapel. ' The purchase of the freehold amounted to near c600, and the necessary repairs and alterations, though conducted tfith the greatest economy, icill cost at 18 THE WINDSOR GOIDB. least .750, making a total of .1350 : of this sum the congregation have raised , leaving a de- ficiency of ' To prove their determination to exert themselves to the utmost of their ability in order to liquidate this debt, some of the friends have entered into a second subscription ; and all classes of the congrega- tian have united in small iccckly contributions. They therefore indulge the hope, that U'hen their case is duly considered, together with the respectable recom- mendations by which it is accompanied, the applica- tion of their minister and Deacons will be favoura- bly received by the friends of the Redeemer's king- dom. ' N.B.A trust deed has been regularly executed* < April 26, 1814.' There can be no doubt but that this address has been duly attended to by iheir religious brethren. The building is completed ; and application was made at the Midsummer Session for this Borough, conform- able to the Statute of the 52d. of his present Majesty, for a certificate that the said building was intended to be used as a Chapel for religious worship by Protestant Dissenters, &c. The certificate was re- gistered and recorded accordingly. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 19 The parish of New Windsor, according to a late survey, contains 2618 acres, which, exclusive of the space occupied by the buildings, are principally dis- posed into parks, gardens, and pleasure grounds. The number of houses is about 550 ; many of these being leasehold, held of the Corporation of Windsor, the College of St. George, or of the College of Eton, were originally mostly built as well externally as in- ternally, of lath and plaister, tiled ; the freeholds are chiefly brick; as are also a number of the leaseholds, that have been rebuilt, or new fronted of a late date. The population is computed at three thousand, besides the military stationed here, and royal household, which may be stated at two thousand. An Act was passed in 1813 for inclosing the waste lands in the several parishes within the limits of Windsor Forest, but which has not yet been acted upon so as to affect the parish of Windsor ; we must necessarily defer our remarks on the subject. FREE-SCHOOL. On the north side of the church-yard, was erected in the year 1706, a neat edifice for a free-school, for thirty boys and twenty girls, who are clothed and taught writing, accompts, and the principles of the Christian religion. This school is supported partly by a permanent annual income, arising from various logaciesj and partly by voluntary subscriptions. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. PERMANENT INCOME. ft payable out of a house in Priest. street, - now called St. Alban's.street, (he gift of Mr John Porter, alderman of this borough... 100 Seven acres and a half of arable and mea- dow land, lying in a common field in the parish of Winkfield. This is the gift of Mr. George Pyle 10 10 A rent charge of four pounds per annum, on the estate of the late Rev. Thomas Cleaver, of Windsor Castle, which is now paid by the Minor Canons ...... 400 The interest or dividends arising from 7001. stock in the Old South Sea Annuities, being the consolidated legacies of Dr. Richard Hale, Richard Topham, Esq. and Lord Chief Justice Reeve ....21 The dividends arising from 11001. stock in the Threc-per-Cents Reduced Annui- ties at the Batik of England: the legacy of Thomas Rutter, Esq. late Senior Alderman of this borough .......... 33 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 21 The dividends on 4001 stock in the Four- , s. d. per-Cents. at the Bank of England : the legacy of Richard Beuning, gent, and 10O1. purchased by the Trustees, Dec. 2, 1802, iu the same stock. 1001. the bequest of Mrs. Hopkins, in 1803, and 3OOI. which the Trustees hare at different times purchased, making together 9001. the Interest of which is. _ 36 00 In 1809 Mrs. Jarman gave by her Will 5001. three per cent Consols, which with 2001. purchased since by the Trustees, make 700L .Annual Interest 21 O O His Majesty's bounty, payable at the Pen- sion-office at the Exchequer, 301. per annum, which after the deduction made for taxes and office fees, leaves only 25 12 S Dr. James Mingay by his Will, Jan. 28, . 1813, gave alter the death of his Sister, Mrs. E. Wade, 1 0001. five per cent. Navy Annuities, towards the support and aug- mentation of the Free School. , 140 3 8 The permanent income of this charity school being inadequate to its current expences, the Dean and 22 THE WINDSOR GU1T)E. Canons of Windsor, the Corporation, the High Steward, and the members of the Borough, and also many well disposed individuals hare liberally sub- scribed towardsthesupportofthisexcellent institution. In addition to these contributions, an annual charity sermon has for some years past been preached for it* benefit. THE QUEEN'S SCHOOL. The next that claims our attention is what is called the Queen's School, which is supported entirely by Her most gracious Majesty's Bounty. At this, 20 girls arc annually clothed at Easter, and are taught to mid, spin, and do plain needle -work, and other domestic matters, such as to qualify them to become good servants. THE LADIES' CHARITY SCHOOL, Under the Patronage qf Her Majesty. This School, as appear* by an inscription in tht front of the building, was ' instituted in 1784, for ten girls to be maintained and educated for servants, by voluntary subscriptions.' The original intention of maintenance has been somewhat departed from, and the number of scholars increased, as will be seen from some extracts from the minutes of a meeting of the subscriber-, hore subjoined. ' At a Meeting of the Subscribers to this Charity, held the 29th day of October, 1803, the following Regulations were agreed to: THE WINDSOR UIB. 23 -* That a Committee of nine ladies, subscribers, be hosen, to examine and manage the affairs of the school, to meet on the second Wednesday in every month, and to minute down any particular transaction at each meeting. * That the number of girls to be admitted shall not exceed twenty, who are to be clothed, educated, and taught plain. work, knitting, and spinning, free of expence to their parents. ' That each child shall be clothed in an uniform dress, about the 4th of June yearly. 4 That the children, with the assistance of the mis- tress, shall make, mend, and mark their own clothes and linen, and knit their own stockings and mittens. ' That no girl shall be admitted into the school under ten years of age, nor be suffered to remain beyond the age of fourteen, ' That any girl absenting herself for three days, without leave, shall be expelled the school, and shall be obliged to leave her clothes to the one who shall succeed her: and no sister of such girl so expelled, shall be admitted into the school; this fault being supposed to be more the mother's than the girl's.' Some legacies have been already bequeathed towardi the support of this laudable undertaking, and it is earnestly to be wished others might be added, so that the conductors may be enabled to continue their benevolent design of maintenance. 34 THE WINDSOR CIDBv SUNDAY SCHOOL and PENNY CLUB. The very general diffusion of the improved systeA of Education determined the Inhabitants of New Windsor, in 1812, to extend theirSunday School, upon the principle of Dr. Bell. A Committee was there- fore appointed, who agreed upon- the following Regulations : 1 I. That Ihe Sunday Schools already established in tli'-. parish, for the Education of the Children of the Poor in the principles of the Church of England bo increased ; and in future be conducted on the plan recommended by Dr. Bell. II. That such Scholars as choose, may pay the sum of One Penny each per Week, to be expended at the end of the year in clothing for their benefit. III. That subscriptions of Six Shillings a year, and donations of any greater sum be solicited from th Inhabitants, and other Ladies and Gentlemen ; to be likewise expended in clothing, for those Scholars who hare contributed to the weekly fund, and in occa- sional rewards. IV. That in case any Scholars leave the School before the end of the year, or are expelled by the Committee for bad conduct, the money which they may have themselves paid, shall be returned to them ; but they shall not be entitled to any share of the honorary subscriptions and donations. THE WINDSOR GPIDK. Q3 V. That a Committee of Fifteen, including the President and Treasurer, be appointed for the manage- ment of the School. VI. That a Meeting of Subscribers of Six Shillings each , be held annually, to audit the accounts, and elect the President, Treasurer, and Committee for the following year, of which due notice will be given in the Church.' The Benefactions and Legacies to the original Sunday School amounted to 19. 16. 2. per annum, which, with the Subscriptions and Donations in the year 1813, formed a fund of 224. 15. 5. which was applied to the purchase of articles of clothing for 81 boys and 83 girls; the boys receiving to the amount of 1 5s. the girls of 1 6s. 5yd. The remaining sum was appropriated to the purchase of books, the salaries of a School-master and School-mistress, and to rewards for the most descrying Scholars. It is to be hoped that this plan may in time be extended, so as to provide for -the complete adoption of that system which has proved of such incalculable benefit to the morris and respectability of the English poor. The benefit of well conducted Sunday Schools is indeed great, in the promotion of early habits of piety ; but we are desirous of seeing, in New Windsor, an extensive and regular establishment for the diffusion of useful knowledge, in which industrious and re. Jigious habits may be cultivated, and that instruction Jbestowed, wjipse practical utility every man must ?<") THE WINDSOR feel, and which it is lamentable to behold wanting, in a country like our own, and in an age like th0 present. We are sure that a very small addition to the present annual fund would provide for such an establishment, and consequently bestow a great and universal, instead of a partial benefit. ALMS-HOUSES AND DONATIONS. There are tenements of this denomination in Park* street, formerly called Pound-street, in Sheet-street, and on the back of the south side of Pcascod. street, near what was formerly called Pitts-fields. It docs not appear upon a minute examination of the town records, from 1664 to 1733, by whom the houses in Pound-street were first given. Previous to the last mentioned period there were three tenements, which being greatly out of repair, they were taken down, and the present building erected, by a subscrip- tion of the Nobility and Gentry, and the Corporation. Since that time, the parish officers have appointed the occupiers, and otherwise had the direction of all mat. ters appertaining to them. The building is divided into twelve apartments, and the persons residing in them are generally considered as objects of most public charities. Relative to tha Alms-Honses *in Sheet-street, it appears that in 1503, John Thompson and William THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 2T Huntred, chaplains, and John Combe, gent, by (heir deed, in the 1 3th year of Henry VII. gave to the Cor- poration of New Windsor, and their successors for ever, four ^tenements, with a garden in Sheet-stree', for eight poor people to inhabit in, as well men as women. In 1510, Thomas Brotherton, by a deed, .gave sundry parcels of land, lying in the parish of Warfield, Berks, for the use and support of the said four Alms-Houses. These four tenements having fallen into decay, they were taken down and the present six built by the Corporation ; and twelve persons instead of eight were appointed to live in them ; that is, six live on the ground floor, and six up stairs. The land before-mentioned at first produced only an annual income of about eight pounds a year: it was afterwards let at twelve pounds a year, at which sum it was held for a series of years by John Hart Cotton, Esq. till the year 1768, when an Act of Par- liament was passed to' enable Mr. Cotton to inclose the several pieces of land, and add them to his own adjoining estate; charging the whale of his said estate with a rent charge of 27 /. a year. This estate is now the property of Richard Parry, Esq. For the further support of these Aims-Houses, Richard Gallis, in 1 666, gave a legacy to this Corpo- ration, with which was purchased a piece of land called Munday's Close, lying between Woodbridge- lane, and Moat Park in this parish. 28 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. The Pitts-Fields Alms-Houses, consisting of four tenements with a garden, were given by. Richard Reeve, of Dagnall, in Buckinghamshire, by a deed, dated August 20, 1688, for the use of four poor men, or women during their lives. The persons to be elected to these Aims-Houses are to be upwards of 50 years of ago, and not to marry after their election upon pain of exclusion. The same gentleman by his last will, dated Decem- ber 2, 1688, gave two hundred pounds for the sup- port of these Alms-Houses. The interest of which is paid by the Corporation of Windsor ; who also keep the houses in repair. Richard Topham, Esq. gave by his last will, 1730, ten shillings a year to each of the four poor persons legally settled in Mr. Reeve's Aims-Houses, which is now paid out of the estate of Mr. Keppell. Mrs. Hopkins in 1803 gave 1001. East India Stock, for the benefit of the persons inhabiting Reeve's Aims-Houses. Andrew Windsor, Esq. "by his last will, dated Au. gust2d, 1653, gave to the Dean and Mayor of Wind- sor, and their successors, two hundred pounds to pur chase land, or to be preserved as a stock, whereby the poor might be employed in making of cloth. This sum was accordingly received, and a rent charge of fourteen pounds per annum, was in lieu, thereof, THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 29 charged upon Windsor Mill, which Mill, being sold to her Majesty Queen Anne, at the time of the building of the bridge across the Thames, at Datchct, the Cor- poration, by their deed, settled a like rent charge of fourteen pounds per annum, payable out of th Butchers' Shambles adjoining the market-house. Thomas Jenkinson, of New Windsor, gent, by his last "will, made about the year 1596, gave five acre-a and an half of land, lying in the parish of Ruscomb, Berks, called East Mead, and the ayot there forever, that the rents and profits should be distributed amongst the poor inhabitants. William Day, son of Matthew Day, an Alderman of this town, gave a house and a garden, in Peascod. "Street, by a deed, dated 1564: the profits thereof to be distributed among the poor inhabitants: also, by another deed dated 1G68, ho gave, for the same bene- volent purpose, four acres of meadow fend, called Mead. Hay, in the parish of Lang'.ey, Bucks. To these four acres were added on.; acre and a rood and a half, lying in the said Mead-Hay, purchased by thd Corporation, 1673, of Francis Ridley, Esq. and ap. plied to the before-mentioned use. The above-mentioned donations, agreeably to the will of the first named donor, arc applied to the pur. chase of flax, for the poor to spin ; which, being wov into sheeting, a certain number of sheets are annually C 30 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. gif en to such poor housekeepers as may be thought t stand in need of, and deserving the donation. Each member of the Corporation is allowed to recommend one person ; but no one is to receive more than one sheet in a year. The remainder of the cloth is sold by the Chamberlain of the poor, and the produce car* rled to his account to purchase fresh materials, and pay the cxpence of spinning. Thus, many of the poor who arc incapable of hard labour are furnished with employ, and the indigent with a comfortable ne- cessary. THE MAIDS' MARRIAGE PORTION, AND THE DILIGENT APPENTICES' REWARD. The most Rev. Father in God William Laud, Arch, bishop of Canterbury, by his last will in 1664, di. rccted and appointed that fifty pounds per annum should be bought, and the revenues thereof employed, for the binding poor boys of this parish apprentices, and for the marrying poor maidens, born in the town of Windsor. Sir John Robinson, and other exccu- tors of the Archbishop, purchased several fee-farm rents, to the annual amount of fifty pounds, settling the same to the aforesaid uses, by a deed, dated October 2, 1672. By this charity, five boys are ap. prcnticcd in each of two succeeding years ; and every third year, the said annual income is equally divided between three maidens, born in the town of Windsor, THE WINDSOR etMBfc 31 that have lived three entire years in one service. This donation is styled, in the will of the donor, th Maid's Marriage Portion. Theodore Randue, Esq. by his will in 1724, gara to the Corporation one thousand pounds, as an addi- tion to the above charity of Archbishop Laud, to which his executors, Richard Topham, Esq. and the Rer. Dr. Jones, Canon of Windsor, by a discretionary power given to them in the said will, added two hundred and fifty pounds more. With this twelve, hundred and fifty pounds, the Corporation purchased land in the parishes of Winkfield and Bray. The annual income of these estates is applied in the fol- lowing manner: viz. to five boys that were put ap- prentice by Archbishop Laud's charity, and have duly served their respective times, ten pounds each ; and every third year the samu yearly income, about fifty pounds, is given equally to three maidens, born in Windsor, that have faithfully served their respective masters or mistresses three years.* This charity, it may be presumed, tends greatly to produce diligent A few years since the Corporation judged it proper to let this Estate by public tender, and by that means so increased the annual Income as to enable them to extend the premium to the boys frem ten to fifteen pounds; and the maiden's portion in a like proportion. The Corporation have also, occasionally, by the sale of Timber, extended the bounty to a greater number of object.; go example worthy of being followed by other trnts. c & kt TfiE WINDSOR GUIDE. apprentices and faithful servants ; for it is not only necessary that they should continue the limited time in their several services, but that they should also .produce proper testimonials of their good conduct. Thomas Needham of this parish, gentleman, by his last will y dated August, 1603, _gave to tlie .VtQar and Churchwardens, and to their successors for ever, three houses in New Windsor, two near the church gate, and one in Peascod-Strcet, to twelve poor persons, not being in Alms. Houses, to receive the rent every Sunday after morning-prayer. This charity is dis- tributed in bread* It would swell this publication beyond its intended limits, if we were to give a minute account of the many charitable beguests left to the poor of this pa- rish, which are either distributed in bread or money. If to these donations we add three grants from the crown, that are payable to the Churchwardens and Overseers, .in aid of the Parochial Rates, we may reasonably conclude that the assessments are much easier in this parish than in most others. The nominal annual amount of these grants is one hundred and twenty-pounds, but the office fees reduce it to one hundred and five pounds. The first grant was from William and Mary in 1693, of fifty pounds; Uic second from ing William the Third ia 1700, of THE WINDSOR GUlOl. 35 fifty pounds; and the third from Queen Anne in 1708, of twenty pounds per annum. A more parti- cular detail of these grants may be had in a separate pamphlet. THEATRE. In 1793, a small, but elegant Theatre was erected by Mr. Thornton, in the High-street, which was annually opened under a licence from the Lord Chamberlain, this place being a royal residence. Th time of performing was during the Eton vacations, via. from the middle of December to the latter end of January, and the last Monday in July, to the end of September. With the permission of the Magistrates of Windsor and that of the Provost and Master of Eton School, the Theatre has also been open every year from 17S3 to 1813, ten or twelve nights in June, for the amusement of the company that come to Ascot* Heath Races. At the present season, (August 1814,) Windsor is without a Theatre ; that above spoken of having been erected on a building lease for the short term of twenty-one years, has fallen into the hands of some Dissenters, who a few years since purchased the fee simple, and it is now converted into a chape!, as mentioned at page 16. The abhorrence in which lectarians hold, or would be thought to hold, theatri- cal performances, induced them to reject the several Her* made by various persons to take, or purchase C3 34 THE WINDSOR QUID*. (he premises. Several respectable persons, who re- grct that Windsor should want that species of Enter- tainment which almost every place of public resort furnishes at its proper season, hare therefore entered into articles of Agreement to raise a Fund for tha purpose of building a Theatre, and have purchased some Freehold Premises in Thames-Street, where we may expect to see in the course of the ensuing Sum. mer, a substantial and commodious house built, thai will meet the public approbation and patronage. MILITARY HOSPITAL. In 1784, Col. Trigg, of the 12th regiment, which was then on duty at Windsor, having represented to his Majesty the -very great inconveniences the sick soldiers suffered in their quarters, as well as the im- propriety of continuing them in the same apartments with the more healthy, his Majesty was pleased to signify his gracious intention to build an hospital for their accommodation ; upon which the Corporation presented him with a piece of land, called Glazier's Corner, situated on the east side of the Long Walk, about a mile from the town. The building was im. mediately begun, and finished by the latter end of the same year, and was used as the military hospital from that time till 1812; when it was converted into Jubilations for some of the labourers employed a! Frogmore.. THE WINDSOR OOIBB. 04 The present Hospital for the use of the Infantry is situated on the right of the road leading from Windsor to Winkfield, nearly adjoining that of th Cavalry : it is a handsome commodious structure, and was finished in 1812. INJANTRY BARRACKS. The system which had been adopted by administre* tion, partly to relieve the publicans from their burthen of quartering soldiers, and partly to concentrate th military force, was carried into effect, at Windsor, in 1795, by the erection of handsome and commodious barracks, in a part of the town called Sheet-street, for the accommodation of 750 infantry. In 1803 an additional building was erected at the south end, and in a correspondent style with that built in 1795. It is about a third of the size of the original building, so that the whole will contain one thousand men. These buildings are well constructed and have a grand ap. pcarance, but are in a situation too flat and confined. CAVALRY BARRACKS, Situated at about half a mile from the town, on the road to Winkfield, is also a very handsome building; and, although the structure, in point of magnitude, is inferior to the Infantry Barracks, yet from the open and judicious disposition of the whole, it has a more pleasing appearance; it will contain about three hun- dred horse, with all requisite accommodations for f- irrrs and men. 36 THE WINDSOR 6U1D-E. On the 28th of April, 1807, a fire broke out in the toof of the building of the officers' apartments, which raged with great violence for upwards of four hours, notwithstanding every possible exertion to subdue th Humes. The damages were estimated at upwards of two thousand pounds. It was strongly conjectured that the accident was occasioned by (be negligence of aorne men, who had been melting lead on the top of the building. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 37 CHAP. II. OF THE CASTLE. THE Castle of Windsor was first built by William the Conqueror, soon after his being seated on the throne of this kingdom, on account of its healthful and pleasant situation, and probably no less as a place of security and strength in the beginning of his reign ' his son, King Henry I. greatly improved it with many buildings, and surrounded the whole, for its greater strength and beauty, with a strong wall. Succeeding monarchs also, for the same reason, constantly re- sided here. In this castle King John lodged during the contest between him and the barons. However, in the dis- putes between his son and successor, King Henry III. and his barons, this castle was, in 1263, delivered by treaty to them ; but in the same year, it was taken by surprise, and made the rendezvous of the King'* party. King Edward I. and Edward II. resided at Windsor, more on account of its delightful sitnation than its strength ; and had many children born here, among whom was the heroic Edward III. who had an Mtraordinarj aflcction for this his native place ; and C5 38 THE WINDSOR C!DB. in the year 1360, caused the old castle to be entirely taken down, except the three towers at the west end ef the lower ward, and rebuilding the present stately castle, made it the seat of the Most Noble Order of the Garter. Some singular particulars relating to the mode of procuring workmen and carriages, are detailed in Ashmole's History of the order of the Garter. We ar there informed, ' that the King granted his Letter* Patcnjt to certain Surveyors, empowering them to im- press as many howers of stone, carpenters, and other artificers, as might be necessary td the due and honest performance of the great undertaking.' These Let- ters are dated the 23d of his Reign. Four years af. terwards, two Commissioners were appointed to pro. Tide stone, timber, lead, iron, &c. and privileged to sieze carriages for the conveyance of the materials to Windsor. In the year 1357, the celebrated William de Wick- ham*, was appointed to superintend the works with a * An anecdote of this distinguished architect, who wns after- wards Bishop of Winchester, has been often related by historians. Having nearly finisbed the building ufihe castle, he caused the words 'This made Wickham,' iobeii*rribcd on stone in the inner wall of Winchester tower. ThiscircumManceexciled the monarch's displeasure; and only the ambiguity of the sentence prevented- the disgrace of Wickham, who assured the King, that it meant no more, than that the money and reputaton he bad acquired by erecting the castle had been the making of him. THE WINDSOR GCIDE. 39 shilling' a day ; and three shillings per week for his clerk. The conduct of the Supervisor obtained the Approbation of the Monarch, who, in 1360, gave him complete authority over every thing connected with the castle, as well as the unlimited jurisdiction of the Manors of Old and New Windsor. In the ensuing year, the King issued writs to the Sheriffs of several coun- ties, directing them under the penalty of a hundred pounds to provide a certain number of workmen, and send them to Windsor, within ten days, to be em- ployed at ' (he King's Wages as long as was ncces. sary.' * And because divers of these workmen did afterwards clandestinely leave Windsor, andwere en- tertained by other persons, upon greater wages to the King's great damage, and manifest retarding of his work,' the Sheriffs of London were ordered to make Proclamation, that those persons who should presume to employ any of the fugitive artificers, should be dispossessed of all their property. The Sheriffs were also directed to arrest the runaways, and commit them to Newgate. For a year or two the raising of the building ap. pears to have been pursued with great celerity ; but a contagious disorder having destroyed many of the workmen, the King was a second time obliged to have recourse to writs, dated the 30th March, 1363; and his desire of completing the structure increasing with the delay occasioned by the fatal malady, the Sheriffs 40 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. were commanded under twice the former penalty, to eend to Windsor a stated number of skilful masons and diggers of stone, by the following Easter. The next year, the buildings were ready for glazing, and persons were appointed to purchase glass in every part of the country where it could be obtained. Twelve glaziers were at the same time ordered to be impressed, and set to work at the King's wages. This year also many carriages were detained, for the pur. pose of conveying the necessary materials. From 1364 to 1370, the erection of the Cast!* seems to have proceeded with considerable rapidity ; * upwards of three hundred artificers being yearly impressed for the King's service;' from that time till the year 1375, this harsh measure seems to hare hecn abandoned, and as the monarch died in 1377, it is probable, from a ^icw of the additions to the building in the succeeding reign, that at the above period the architect had finished the King's palace, the hall of St. George, the apartments of the cast and south sides of the upper ward, the great tower, the chape] of St. George, and the whole of the walls, their gate?) towers, and battlements. The facts displayed in this narrative furnish some interesting remarks on the manners of the fourteenth century. They point out the very degraded sta!e in which the Britons of that period were contented to THE WINDSOR QUIDS. 41 exist. The mandate of the Prince was a sufficient au- thority both for the infringement of personal liberty, and individual property ; and his zcill was as much ob- served and obeyed as the obligation of an act of Par- liament. The talents of the subject were fettered to the monarch's caprice, and their reward regulated by his pleasure. The whole of the possession of the governed appears to hare deeo at the disposal of the King : for we find that even his writ, directed to the Sheriffs, unauthorized by the consent of the ather branches of the legislature, was a sufficient warrant for the confiscation of all the effects of the persons who gare employment to an oppressed workman. How- ever, while we lament the constraint suffered by the most skilful artizans in the kingdom, and the little confidence that subsisted between the Prince and his people, the poverty of the monarch sufficiently ac- counts for the difficulties with which Wickham had to contend ; the private purses of our Princes were very scantily supplied. In SOft QUID*. 4 respective symbols, attended by deities, presenting their several offerings. The signs of the Zodiac are on the outer part of this beautiful representation. In .different parts of the cieling are Mars, Venus, Juno, Minerva, and other heathen deities, with Ze- phyrs, Cupids, and other embellishments, properly disposed. Over the north window Minerva, on the east side Achilles, on the south Juno, with a peacock, and on the west, Venus with her doTe$. Over the chimney is George, Prince of Denmark, on4iorseback, by Dahl, and views of shipping, bj Vandevelde. In this room are guns, bayonets, pfltes, bandoleers, &c. disposed in various beautiful forms, with a star and garter, the royal cypher, and other ornaments intermixed., cut in lime wood. This apartment is .now fitted up as a temporary Private Chapel. QUEEN'S PRESENCE CHAMBER. The cieling of this room is adorned with the reprc- lenlation of Queen Catherine, attended by Religion, Prudence, Fortitude, aud other virtues; she is under a curtain spread by Time and supported by Zephyrs, with Fame sounding the happiness of Britain ; under- W THE WINDSOR GCIDI. neath, Justice is seen driving away Sedition, Envy, and other evil Genii. In this room are three silver chandeliers, that wert brought from Hanover. Here were formerly three of the celebrated Cartoons of Raphael, now removed to Hampton Court. The present Paintings are, Over the doors two Princesses of Brunswick, in 1099, Duke Albert of Saxony, P. Rubent. Charles I. his Queen, and 2 of their Children, Vandyck. James I. Ditto. Charles I. on horseback, Ditto. QUEEX's AUDIENCE CHAMBER. On the riding of this room, Britannia is represented in the person of Queen Catherine, seated in a trium. phal car, drawn by swans to the temple of Virtue, attended by Ceres, Pomona, Flora, &c. ; with other decorations heightened with gold. The chandeliers and large glasses in this room are extremely mag. nifkenk. In this room was a capital picture of His Majesty reviewing the Third, or Prince of Wales's regiment of Dragoon Guards, and the Tenth, or Prince of Wales's Regiment of Light Dragoons, accompanied by hit Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, (who is repr THE WINDSOR OCIDB. Jl sentcd as giving the word of command), his Royal Highness the Duke of York ; General Sir William Fawcet; and Generals Dundas and Goldsworthy. This on account of the alteration in the form of the windows has been removed ; the size of which being 10 feet 2 inches, by 18 feet 6 inches, it is too large for the room. In this room is a silver chandelier from Hanover. The room is now embellished with the following Paintings : Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, Honthorst. A Landscape, Zuccarelli Prince Rupert, Honthorst. Ann Duchess of York, Sir P, Lely. James the First's Queen, Fan Somer, Queen of Charles I. Vandyck^ William Prince of Orange, Honthorst. BALL-ROOM. On the cieling of this room King Charles II. is re- presented giving freedom to Europe, by the figures of Perseus and Andromeda. Over the head of Andro- meda is inscribed EUROPA LIBEIIATA : and on the shield of Perseus, is PERSEUS BUITANNICUS; and Mars, attended by the Pagan Deities, offers the olive branch. On the cornice is the story of Per- seus and Andromeda, the four Seasons, and the Signs of the Zodiac: the whole heightened with gold. 62 THE tflNDSOR Gt:iI>E. In this apartment are four large glasses with mas. sire silver frames ; also four correspondent silrcr tables, and three chandeliers. The Paintings arc, Duke of Hamilton, Hanticman. The Princesses Mary, Sophia, and Amelia, playing in the Garden, Copley. A Madona. Countess of Carlisle Vandyck^ Duchess of Richmond, Ditto. A large Landscape, Zuccarclli. Countess of Dorset, Vandyck. Madame de St. Croix, Ditto. St. John, after Corregio. Her present Majesty, the Prince of Wales, and the Duke of York, Ramsey. Earl of Pembroke, Van Somer* QUEEN'S DRAWING-ROOM, t)n the cieling 4s represented an assembly of Gods and Goddesses; the whole is intermixed with Cupids. and a variety of Flowers, heightened with gold. In this room are also two silver chandeliers, a glass, and a massive table from Hanover ; these chandeliers, as w-.dl as those in the other Apartments, weigh cack about I201bs. THE WINDSOR eCtDE. 53 The Paintings are, A large and beautiful Landscape, with Figures re- presenting Pharoah's Daughter taking Moses under her protection} Zuccarelli. Six smaller Landscapes, Ditto. EarlofSurry, Holbein. A Magdalen, Sir P. Lely. Lady Digby, Vandyck. De Bray and his Family, De Bray. Ktllegrew and Carcw, Vandyck. The nest aparmeut is that formerly called THE QUEEX's STATE BED-CIIAMBEll. This room was thought too smalL and has been lately enlarged to twice its former length, as may be seen by the painted cieling, the old part of which still remains, and is a representation of the Story of Endymioii and Diar.a. On the new part of the cieling is painted Jppiter giving the Bow to Diana. Rigaud. lu this room is a beautiful amber cabinet, The Paintings are y Vulcan presenting the Armour of Achilles to Thetis, Ballestra. Achilles presented to the Cenfaur, Ditto* D 64 THE WHJDSOR l.IDf. Two Views in Italy, Carlo Vcret. An Indian Market, Post. Our Saviour, The Virgin, St. Luke, and Ignatius, Tintoret. Titian and a Senator of Venice, Titian. A Magdalen by Candlelight, Schullcen. The Continence of Scipio, Sebastian Ricoi. Cupid and Psyche, Lazarin*. Two Views in ItaJy, Carlo Veres. The Holy Family, School of Raphael. Two Landscapes, Italian Markets, Bambocdo. Peter the Great, Sir G. Kneller. Charity, Carlo Cignani. Two Views of Windsor Castle* Boston> William, Duke of Gloucester, Sir^JPetcr Lely. THE BEAUTIES OF CHARLES IId' COURT. Lady Ossory, Jf'ixsing. Mrs. Lawson, Ditto. Mrs. Knot, Ditto. Mrs. MiddletoB, Sir Peter Lely. Lady Dcnham, Ditto. Lady Whitmore, Ditto. Lady Byron, Housman. Lady Grammont, Sir Peter Lely. Lady Rochester, Ditto. Lady Northumberland, Ditto. Lady Sunderland, Ditto. fftfc WINDSOR GCfDB. #5 Duchess of Richmond, Sir Peter Lely. Duchess of Cleveland, Ditto. Duchess of Somerset, Ditto, Thirteen small Portraits of Ladies of Charles* Court, their names unknown. Copies from Vandyck and Sir P. Lely y by Russell. The next rooms hi the order of going through the Apartments were the ROOM of BEAUTIES, and the QUEEN'S DRESSING-ROOM. These arc thrown together, and it will be a con- siderable length of time before they will be in a stat to be shewn. QUEEN ELIZABETH'S, or, THE PICTURE GALLERY. This is not shewn, being used as a store room, wherein the Pictures and other articles, taken from the parts under repair, are deposited. KING'S CLOSET. This room has lately been enlarged, and thereby the story of Jupiter and Leda, painted on the deling, removed, and St. George and the Dragon with suitable Accompaniments substituted by Mr. Wyatt. It is .hung with beautiful scarlet cloth, with gold aiouJd- 56 THE W1NDSO* QUIDS. ings, which has a very rich appearance, and shows the paintings to great effect. The list is as follows : James, Duke of York, Sir P. Lcly. St. Sebastian, Guido. The Angel appearing to the Shepherds, Poussin. Old Woman watering Flowers, G. Dous:. Head of the Virgin, Carlo Dolct. Head with a Skull. The Misers, Quintin Mutsys. A girl playing the Virginal, Mcj/rcs. St. Catherine, Leonardo da }'inci. Our Sariour in the Garden, Poutsin. Nymph and Satyr, Attnino. Head of Our Saviour, Carlo Dolct. William, Prince of Orange, Wissing. A Head, Parmcgiano. Erasmus, Penn. A Landscape, Brueghel. A Head, Rttpkiicl. Martin Luther, Holbein. A Landscape, Brueghel. Mary, Princess of Orange, ll'ianng. St. John, Carlo Maratti^ A Head, Dcnncr. A Landscape, Szcanefelde. King Edward VI. Holbein. Duke of Norfolk, Ditto. The Lord's Supper, a Sketch, Ruben?. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 57 A Woman Reading, Corregio. A Head, ' Deiinei* Peter delivered from Prison,, Steenwick. Ann, Duchess of York, Sic P. Lefy* KING'S DRESSING ROOM. The deling has been lately painted by Mr. Wyatt ; the subject is the nursing of St. George. The hang- ings are the same as in the last-mentioned room. la this room are two large oval glasses. The Painting* are,, George, Prince of Denmark, Kneller. A Head, James, Duke of York, . Russet'* A Head, Holbein. The Holy Family, Titian. Charles the First's Queen* Vandyck. A Head, Gainsborough. The Holy Family, Garrafala. A Head. Charles II. Russell. A Head, Holbein. The Virgin and Child-, Titian. Ilerodias' Daughter, with the Baptist's Head, Carlo Doki, Our Saviour, St. John, and Virgin, Guercino. St. Catherine, Guide* D3 6ft THK WINDSOR 6 LID*. Jacob and his Family, F. Magdalen, Carlo Doki. St. Paul, Guercino, Our Saviour and his Mother, Ditto, A Head, L. da Vinci. A Landscape, ll'ourermans. Holy Family, School of Raphael. Cleopatra, Guido. A Madona, Ditto. Silence, JLnnibal Caracci. St Petr, Guercino. Countess of Desmond, Rembrant, A Landscape, Wouvermans. llolj Family, School of Raphael. John, Duke of Marl borough, Daht. KING'S OLD STATE BED CHAMBER. On the cicJing, Xing Charles II. is represented in the Robes of the Garter, seated on a throne, under a canopy, supported by Time, Jupiter, and Neptune^ with a figure, representing France in a suppliant posture at his feet. He is also attended by Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, paying obedience to him. The hangings are of rich crimson, with gold mould, ings. The bed which tood in this room is removed^ and is put up i what is called Uic Public Dining Room. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 09 The Paintings are, Charles II. when a Boy, Vandyck* Qiu-on Elizabeth when Princess, George III. Duponf. Queen of James I Jansen. Duke, of Savoy, Moore' Charles the First's Children, ^ fandyck. Edward VI. when a Child, Holbein Emperor Charles V. after Titian* Charles Ilnd's Queen, Lely. The late Duke of York, in the Habit of the Order of the Gartcr } Dance. Princess Mary, Lely. Ht-nry, Duke of Gloucester, St. John, after Corregio^ Cupid sharing his Bow, Parmegiano. An Officer of the Pope's Guards, Ditto. Prince Rupert Lely. KING'S DRAWING ROOM. The cieling is an allegorical representation of the Restoration of King Charles II. who is seated in a triumphal car, drawn by horses of the Sun attended by Fame, Peace, and the Polite Arts ; Hercules driv- ing away Rebellion, Sedition, and Ignorance ; Bri- tannia and Neptune properly attended, paying obe- dience to the monarch as he passes. In other parts of the cieling, are painted the labours of Hercules, with festoons of Fruit and Flowers, in stone colour, beau- fcifully heightened with gold. D4 CO THE WINDSOR SCIDB. This room has been lately fitted up in a neat and elegant style. Here is a most magnificent glass of English manufacture, eleven feet by six feet. The chandeliers are extremely brilliant. The Paintings r, Pcler, James, and John, Caravaggfot. Holy Family, P. Rubens. Conrerted Chinese, Sir G. KnclUr. The Vision of Augustus, Pictro di Cojtona. Our Saviour before Pilate, Schiitooni* Venus adorned by the Graces, Guido. Perseus and Andromeda, Diilo* The Wise Men's Offering, Lucca Jordana. The Stoning of Stephen. The Battle of Nordlingen, Rubens. KING'S STATE BED CHAMBER. On the deling is painted the Banquet of the Gods, with a great variety of Fish and Fowl on, the several parts of the coving. The carving of this room was most exquisite, r.e- presenting a gr^at variety of Fruit, Fish and Fowl, done in lime wood, by Mr. Gibbons, a famous sta- tuary and carver, in the reign of King Charles II. which has been removed to Hampton Court. The THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 61 room is now hung with scarlet cloth, and embellished 1 with the following Paintings i A Piece of still Life, viz. a Brass Pan, a- Fawn, aid 1 a Bittern, Kalf. Mary Queen of Scots, Jannette. A whole length Portrait, Fandj/ck^ Mary Duchess of York, Sir P. Lely. Religion driving Hypocrisy from the Church, Titian- A Preceptor and his Pupil, Bassano The Apotheosis of Princes Octavius and Alfred, West. A Philosopher,. Spagnoletto. Samson betrayed" to the Philistines, Vandyck % Ana, Duchess of York, Sir P: Lely. KING'S AUDIENCE CHAMBER. The cieling is a most lively representation of (he re-establishment of the Church of England, on the Restoration of Charles II. in the characters of Eng- land, Scotland, and Ireland, attended by Faith, Hope, and Charity. Religion triumphing ovr Superstition and Hypocrisy, who arc driven by Cupids from before the face of the Clvurch ; all of them represented in their proper attitudes, and highly finished, The furniture, paintings, and embellishments, (ex- cept the cieling of this room,) are all new ; cverjt D5 6'i THE WINDSOR LirK, part of them in the most superb style. The cornice and mouldings are highly gilt : the hangings of rich blue silk, with the most beautiful embroidered bor- ders; the canopy and chair extremely magnificent ; and the chimney-piece, tables, glasses, and chande- liers, all iu a similar style of splendor. The paintings are by B. West, Esq. wherein he has happily celebrated some of the principal glories of ths immortal Edward III. These paintings were exe- cuted in the years 1787, 1788, and 1780 ; and arc as follow : The Surrender of Calais to Edward III. An entertainment given by Edward III. after defeat- ing the French in their attempt upon Calais. The passage of Edward III. orer the rirer Sommc. The Intertiew between the King and his victorious Son, the Black Prince, after the Battle of Cressy, in 1346. The Battle of Poictiers, where Edward the Black Prince took King John and his son ihilip pri- soners, whom he afterwards brought over into England. The Battle of Neville's Cross, where David, King of Scotland, was taken prisoner by Queen Phillippa, whilst her Royal Consort, Edward 111. was besieging Calais. - THB WINDSOR GUIDE. 63 The first Installation of the Order of the Garter, itt St George's ChapeL For a detail of these subjects, se Hume's History of England, vol. 2, and Rapin, vol. 4. KING'S PRESENCE CHAMBER. On the cieling is painted in a most masterly style, a portrait of King Charles II. shewn by Mercury to the four quarters of the World, who are introduced by Neptune ; Fame with a branch of olive in her left hand, and a trumpet in her right, is sounding the glory of the Prince, and Time driving away Rebellion, Sedition, and other evil Genii. Over the canopy, Justice is shewing the arms of Britain to Thames, and his river nymphs; the star of Venus, and the follow, ing label, ' Sydus Carolinum.' At the lower end of the chamber is Venus in a sea car, drawn by tritons and sea nymphs. The ground and manner of finishing this cieling are the same as those we have before mentioned. In this apartment there were four of the celebrated Cartoons of Raphael, which are now moved to Hampton Court. Tlie Paintings are, Promoth ^us Young Palmer. Charles II. Sir P. Lelg. THE WINDSOR GV1B& Jamcs II- Sir P. Lely* Queen Mary, Sir G. Kneller. King William, Ditto. Queen Ann, after Ditto. King George L Ditto. Queen Caroline, Zeeman, King George II. Ditto. His present Majesty, Ramsey. Her present Majesty, Ditto. Duns Scotus, Spagnokt. KING'S GUARD CHAMBER. A building has lately been erected against the north end of this noble apartment; it is called Blenheim Tower, wherein will be deposited the Banner of France, annually delivered here on the 2d of August, by the Duke of Marlborough, successor to John, the great Duke of Marlborough, by which he holds Blenheim, a magnificent palace at Woodstock Park, in Oxfordshire, bnilt in the reign of Queen Ann, as a national reward and acknowledgement to that great general, for bis many glorious victories over the French and their allies, in a course of ten years most successful war. This Banner was formerly placed in a closet ad. joining to the room of Beauties. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. (>> The cicling is much admired for the manner in which it is painted in water colours. In one circle are Peace and Plenty, in another Mars and Minerva; and in the dome is a representa- tion of Mars, with helmets, and trophies. In this room, the Knights of the Garter, in the absence of the Sovereign, dine at an installation. The magazine of arms, and warlike instruments, deposited in this spacious room, were ingeniously dis- posed in colonades, pillars, circles, shields, and other devices, by Mr. Harris, late master gunner of thi& casthe. Among the coats of mail, is that of the re. nowned Edward, the Black Prince, which is placed over the door leading to St. George's Hall. The Paintings are, Charles XI. King of Sweden, oiv Horseback, Wyck. Eight views of Battles, Sieges, &c. Rugendas. St. GEORGE'S HALL. This most magnificent apartment, which is generally allowed to be one of the finest in Europe, is dedi- cated to the peculiar, honour of the Most Noble Order of the Garter. 66 n?i WINDSOR etc IDE. In a large oval, in the centre of the cieling, King Charles II. is represented in the habit of the Order of the Garter, with his right foot on a lion's head, at- tended by England, Scotland and Ireland ; Religion and Plenty holding the crown of these kingdoms over his head ; on each side of the monarch, are Mars and Mercury, with the emblems of war and peace. In the same oval, is regal government, supported by re- ligion, and eternity ; justice, attended by fortidudr, temperance and prudence, beating down rebellion and faction ; and among the evil genii, the painter is said to have introduced the Earl of Sh y, a statesman of that reign, dispersing libels. Nearer the throne is an octagon, in which is St. George's Cross, encircled with the garter, within a star of glory, supported by cupids, with ihc motto, HO SI SOIT QUI MAL T FES9E. the Muses attending in full concert, and other embcl. lishments, expressive of the grandeur of the order. la the lower compartments of the cieling, over the music gallery, is the collar of the order of the garter, supported by Cupids, and encompassed with a variety of characters, emblematic of this most illustrious order of knighthood. On the north side of this superb chamber, ex. tending 108 feet in length, is elegantly painted the THE WINDSOR GUIDI. 67 triumph of Edward the Black Prince, son of Edward III. founder of the order of the garter, who is seated at the upper end, receiving John, King of France, and David, King of Scotland, prisoners, under a canopy of green velvet. The Prince, crowned with laurels, is seated in a triumphal car, in the midst of the procession, supported by slaves, preceded by cap. tivcs, and attended by the emblems of Liberty, Vic- tory, and other ensigns of the Romans, with the ban. ners of France and Scotland displayed. The painter has closed this procession with the countess of Salis- bury, in the person of a fine lady, making garlands for the Prince, and a representation of Shakespeare's Merry Wives of Windsor. In this last part of the group, he has humourously introduced himself, iu a black hood and scarlet cloak. At the east end of the hall is the Sovereign's throne, the ascent to which is by five steps of fine marble, in addition to which were painted three more in such perfection, that spectators frequently believed them equally real. Above those was painted a large canopy and drapery ; on the latter of which was represented St. George encountering the Dragon. Under this was a painting of King William in the habit of the order of the garter. On a part of the drapery was this inscription, VENIENDO RESTITUIT REM. The canopy on the cove, of the cieling and upper GS" THE WINDSOR fcTJIDB. ]>ar( of the wall still remain; but King William,, St. George, and the lower part of the painting have given way to modern improvement. The carved and gilt scrcriv, that went round the throne, is converted into- a handsome Music Gallery, over the throne, in which is placed an organ. Be:ieath- llfis is a state canopy brought from Hanover. At the lower end of the hall is another noble music gallery, finely carved and gilt, supported by four fclavcs, beautifully carved in wood, bending as it were beneath their burthen, representing a father, and his three sons, whom the brave Edward, the Hack Prinecj is said to have made captives in his wars, Over the music gallery is the following inscription : ANTONIUS VERRIO, NEAPOLITANS, NON IGNOBIM STIRPF. NATU9, Augustissimi REGIS CAROLI SECUNDI SANGTI IT GEORGII MOM M IIAVC FoZLTCISSIMA MANU DECORAVIT In English thus: Anthony Verrio, a Neapolitan, born of a noble race, ornamented with a most happy hand, this large pile of building, of the Most Noble King Charles- the llnd, and St. George.. TB WINDSOR QCIDB. G9 ST. GEORGE'S, or the KING'S CHAPEL. In this chapel, which is adjoining to St. George'g Hall, divine service was performed every morning, during his Majesty's summer residence at Windsor, at eight o'clock, which now is performed in tha Queen's Guard Chamber. The cieling is a masterly and striking representation of the Resurrection of our Saviour, accompanied bj a numerous host of Angels. On the west end, over the altar, is Mary Magdalen, weeping on the outside of the sepulchre ; and on each side, on the coraicc, arc the Roman Soldiers. The altar-piece is the Last Supper; and on the north side of the Chapel are painted some of the Miracles of our Saviour : as, his Raising Lazarus from the Dead ; Curing (he Sick of the Palsy ; Casting out Devils, &c. by Verrio^ who, in the principal part of the design is masterly ; but is thought by connoisseurs not to have been so happy in the execution of it ; the figures of the Sick Men being too athletic for persons in their supposed condition. There is also a much, greater inconsistency in the painter's having intro. duced Sir Godfrey Kneller and Mr. Cooper, who assisted him in these paintings ; and likewise himself, * This Chapel was intended to be converted into a Saloon, and another Chapel built ipan adjoining court, formerly called Hor* rere formerly seats or pews; but these, together with the organ erected soon after the restoration of Charles II. were taken down in 1789, and the organ, as be. fore observed, removed to the parish church. The present organ-loft is built of Coade's artificial stone, and makes a very considerable addition to the ele- gance of the chapel ; the roof and columns which support the loft and form a light and beautiful * The whole expcnce of the Chapel on the Chapter, from the year 1776 to J7ti>, amounted to 5,83S1. 9s. lid. His expeace, I am well iufoimcd was not less than 15,0001. 82 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. colonade, are in exact uniformity with the rest of the chapel, embellished with several devices peculiar to the Sovereign and the order; as the cyphers G. R. III. within the garter; the George, the rose, a Knight's cap and helmet, &c. &c. The stone work of the loft is said to have cost 15001. The organ, erected by Mr. Green, for which we are told he received a thousand guineas, from the King, is supposed to be superior to any in the king, dom, particularly in its swell. The organ case was built by Mr. Emlyn, and is in the gothic style, corresponding with the canopies, &c. The arrangement of the scats are well disposed for the service of divine worship, which is performed here every morning and evening. On the right hand of the west, or principal en. trance into the choir, is the sovereign's stall, which was covered with purple velvet, and cloth of gold ; and had a canopy, curtains and cushions of the same, trimmed with broad gold fringe. This was removed in 1788, and a new one erected, under the direction of Mr. Emlyn, carved in a neat gothic style. In the centre are the arms of the Sovereign, encircled with laurel, and crowned with the royal diadem, the whole surrounded with fleurs-de-lis, and the star of the order, with G. R. properly disposed. The curtains TBE WINDSOR GUIDE. 83 and cushions are of blue velvet, fringed with gold. The Sovereign's banner is of rich velvet, and much longer than those of the Knights Companions, and his mantling is of gold brocade. The Prince's Stall is on the left hand of the en- trance, and is not distinguished from those of the other Knights Companions : the whole society being, according to the statutes of Institution-, companions and colleagues of equal honour aad power. The Stalls of the Knights Companions of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, are on each side of the chofr; with the mantle, helmet, crest, and sword of each Knight set over the stall, on a canopy of ancient carving, curiously wrought ; and over the canopy is placed the banner or arms of each knight, properly blazoned on silk ; and on the back of the stalls, are the titles of the knights, with their arms, nearly en. graved and blazoned on copper. These ensigns of honour are removed according to the succession of the knights in the Order ; and after his decease, and at the Installation of his successor, (if not performed before by order of the Sovereign,) the banner, hel- met, sword, &c. of the deceased Knight, are with great solemnity, offered up at the altar: but the plate of his titles remains in his stall, as a perpetual memo- rial to his honour, Six new stalls have lately been added, and the whole f the canopies cleaned and thoroughly repaired. S4 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. A list of the present Knights of the Garter, with the arrangement of the banners, and other ensigns, will be annexed to the account of the Institution of the Order of the Garter. The carved work of the choir is worthy of remark, particularly the canopies over the stalls of (he knights, On the pedestals of these stalls is carved the History of Our Saviour's life, from his nativity to his asccn. sion ; on the front of the stalls, at the west end of the choir, is also carved the History of St. George; and on a girth, on the outside of the upper seat, is cut in old Saxon characters, the twentieth Psalm iu Latin, supposed to be designed as a prayer or petition for the Royal founder, Edward Hi. and the future Sove- reigns of the Order of the Garter. The carved work of this choir, as well as most parts of the cicjing, abounds with a variety of imagery, and several figures of Patriarchs, Kings, &c. Some of these were greatly defaced, and others totally de- stroyed ; but the face of the whole is now nearly restored to its original state of neatness, and many parts added, depicting some well known occurrences in the present reign. The altar was formerly adorned with costly hang, ings of crimson velvet and gold, which, together with other furniture appropriated to the use of the altar p THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 85 amounting to 3580 ounces of wrought plate, of the most curious workmanship, were, in 1642, seized under colour of Parliamentary authority, by Captuin Fogg, on a general plunder of this Royal foundation. This f-acrilege was in a great measure compensated to the College, on the Restoration of King Charles II. who, with the Knights Companions, subscribed liberally to supply the altar with all things necessary for its decent service and ornament. The Royal ex- ample was also followed by many well-disposed per. sons; and the altar plate, which is curiously wrought and gilt, was dedicated to the honour of God, and thq service of the Sovereign, and Knights Companions of the Most Noble Order of the Garter. King Charles II. ornamented the altar with twenty. two pannels of tissue and purple damask ; it was like- wise further decorated with two pieces of arras, one representing Christ and his Disciples at Supper, given by Dr Bryan, Bishop of Winchester; the other, Christ and his two Disciples at Eminaus, from an original of Titian, and presented to the College by Lady Mordaunt, bo!h of which were appropriated to the use of the aitar, till the year 1707, when, on moving the wainscot in Urswick Chapel, was found a painting of the Last Supper ; this had formerly been secreted in the time of plunder, and being highly ap. proved of by Sir James Thornhill, Verrio, and other 5 THE WINDSOR GUIDfl. eminent masters, it was repaired and affixed orer the Communion table, where it remained till the general repair of the chapel in 1788, when, it was removed to the Parish Church. The repairs and alterations of the altar, made by his present Majesty will be lasting monuments of the flourishing sfate of the arts in these days. The paint- ing of the Last Supper, together with the curious carved wainscot that surrounds it, was, by the gracious desire, and at the sole expence of the King. The painting is by B. West, Esq. of which, those who affect to be critics, pretend that the figure of Judas is too predominant ; though real judges esteem the wholea masterly composition. The wainscot was designed by Mr. Thomas Sandby, and executed under the inspection of Mr. Emlyn. The various represen- tations consist of the arras of Edward HI. Edward the Black Prince, and those of the original Knights*, with several ensigns of the Order of the Garter ; also of Pelicans, Wheat, Grapes, Sacramental vessels, and symbols, neatly executed, and disposed with infinite taste; forming, independent of the exquisite work* manship, a pleasing picture. These arms are di5j>kyd within two circular compartments ; the names of the Knights may be found cither in Ashmole, Cam- den, or Rapid. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 87 PAINTED WINDOWS. The objects that most generally attract the atten- tion of strangers, on their first entrance into this chapel, next to the gothic magnificence of its archi- tecture, is the brilliancy, and exquisite skill displayed in some of the principal windows; the first of these as to the order of time* when it was brought into its present state is the * This window was restored to the beautiful state in which it now appears, in the year 1774, at the expence of about 6001. by the Dean and Chapter, under the direction of Dr. Lockman, who collected all the remains of the ancient painted glass that were dispersed through different parts of the building. Splendid as this window is now thought, yet, not having the claim to admiration, that a regular and perfect composition would have, it was intended to render the beauty of this chapel still more complete, by having this window in a similar style with those painted by Messrs. Jarvis and Forest. For this purpose Mr. West, in 1797, exhibited to his Majesty, a Cartoon of the Cruci- fixion, which being highly approved, Mr. Forest was engaged to paiut it on glass ; to complete which it was supposed would re- quire sixteen or seventeen years. In 180-, Mr. Forest had been intensely engaged on this window for ten j ears, and had com- pletely painted about 5UO square feet of glass, forming the prin- cipal part of the subject ; a considerable part more was painted ready for burning in. The death of Mr. Forest, which has happened since the writing the preceding part of this Note, hai suspended this business ; but we are told that it was his Majesty's wish to have the work finished, and that some arrangements have been made for the purpose. 88 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. LARGE WEST WINDOW. The window at the west end of the body of the church, is composed of 80 compartments, or lights, each six feet high, by one foot five inches wide: the whole beautifully ornamented M ith fine stained glass, consisting of a variety of figures, as Patriarchs, Bishops, and other canonical characters; St. Peter, St. Alexander, King Solomon, Edward th Confessor, Edward IV. and Henry VIII. In many of the com. partmcnts i St. George's Cross, encompassed with the Garter, this being the arms of the College; here are also the arms of the Bishops of London and Bristol. The next, as to magnitude and date, but which, as to its excellence, should have been first, is the WINDOW OVER THE ALTAR. The subject of this is the Resurrection ; and is di- vided into three compartments. In the crntre is Our Saviour ascending from the Sepulchre, preceded by the Angel of the Lord, above whom, in the clouds is an host of Cherubims and Seraphims, and among these is a portrait of their Majesties' Son, Octavius. In the front ground are the Roman Soldiers, thrown into various postures with horror and confusion, and gazing with terror and astonishment at Christ in his Ascension. 89 In the right hand compartment, are represented Mary Magdalene, Mary, the mother of James and Sa- lome, approaching the Sepulchre with unguents and spices, in order to anoint the body of their Lord and Master. In the left hand division are Peter and John, who are supposed to have been informed by Mary Magda- lene, thatthe body of Christ was missing, and are there, upon running with the greatest anxiety, astonishment, and speed towards the Sepulchre. This masterly performance was designed by B. West, Esq. in 1785, and executed by Mr Jar vis, assisted by Mr. Forest, between that period and the year 1788. In viewing this most splendid window, the spectator is at a loss which most to admire, the genius of Mr. West in the design, or the exquisite skill of Messrs Jarvis and Forest in the execution of it. The painting this window we are told cost 40001.* * The idea of having so magnificent an ornament added to the most elegant gothic church of its size now existing, was first conceived by his present Mnjesty, who ordered Dr. L. to propose a plan for putting it into exerution, who in consequence of that command, and knowing that the Sovereign and Knight* of the Order of the Garter had always been applied to, and had gra- ciously condescended to subscribe to any ornaments tending to the magnificen.-e of the plate of fheir instalment, ventured, in i782, to propose a subscription by the Sovereign and Companions of tlie Order, the Dean and Chapter of Windsor, and also the Prelate and Chancellor of the Order of the Garler. 9d THE WINDSOR r.rini. The next which was in some degree included in the Subscription plan, for that we hare just described, are the WINDOWS Containing the Arms of the Knights. In two of the windows near the altar, one on the north, the other on the south side, are the Arms of the Sovereign and Knights Companions, who sub- scribed towards the painting the cast window of the choir. The Sovereign and the Prince of Wales have their supporters couchant, but the supporters of the other knights are not in these paintings. Over the arms of each knight, which arc encompassed with the Star and Garter, are his crest and coronet; beneath This proposal was graciously accepted by his Majesty, who immediately sent nine hundred guineas to Dr. L. viz. 500 for him- self, 200 for the Prince of Wales, 100 for the Duke of York, and 100 for tfie Duke of Clarence; with permission to apply, in his Majesty's name, as wishing succ-^s to the plan proposed. The foreign Princes, who were Knights of the Garter, readily sub- scribed 100 guineas each, upon Dr. L's applying to their ministers or agents, and all the other Knights, 50 guineas each ; the Dean and Chapter 500 guineas, and the Prelate and Chancellor, 50 guineas each. His Majesty has, since his first subscription, paid 3001. and 7001. to Mr. Jarvis, for alterations in the original dri.;n. The whole subscription received by Dr. L. amounted to 53471. 10s- The last mentioned 7001. paid to Mr. J. is not included in this sum. THE WINDSOR ftUIDE. 91 the arras is the George, pendant to a ribband, on which is written the Christian name and title. Those on the south side are, G.R. III. 1782. William Henry, of Gloucester. Ferdinand, of Brunswick. Henry Frederick, of Cumberland. Prince William Henry, of Brunswick Lunenburg. Charles, Prince, Duke of Brunswick. Henry, Duke of Newcastle. Hugh, Duke of Northumberland. Charles, Marquis of Rockingham. George, Duke of Maryborough. Granville, Earl Gower. Thomas, Viscount Weymouth. William, Earl of Shelburne. On the North Side are y G. R. 1782. Frederick, Prince of Hesse Casseh William, Prince of Orange. Frederick, Bishop of Osnaburgh. 3" The arms of many of those Knights who had not been installed, are painted on copper, in a similar manner to the above, and are placed in the compartments of the two windows next the altar, which had been rendered opaque, to prevent too great a degree of light from fulling oa the front of the large east window. 92 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. Adolphus, Duke of Mccklenburgh. Thomas, Duke of Leeds. George, Duke of Montague. Francis, Earl of Hertford. John, Earl of Bute. Augustus, Duke of Grafton. Sir Frederick North. "William, Duke of Devonshire. Charles, Duke of Rutland. We now come to the EAST WINDOW in the SOUTH AISLE. This was put up in June, 179$, and is painted in half tints, by Mr. Forest, who assisted Mr. Jarvis in the great window, from a design of Mr. Wi-st's ; it is a striking representation of the Angel appearing unto the Shepherds, announcing the Nativity of Our Saviour. Over the principal angels, whose conn- tenanccs are animated beyond description, is writun, * Glory to Gud in the highest, and on earth peace, good will towards men.' On different scrolls, held by the rest of the hcaveiily host, are parts of sentences, from Luke, chap. ii. verses 10 and 11, making together, ' Fear not; for behold I bring you good tidings of great joy, wh.rh shall be to all people. For unto you i> burn (his day in the city ol David, a Saviour, which is Christ the Lord.' At a distance iu 93 the back ground, are the Shepherds, with their sheep and dog, by moonlight. The st) Ie of painting in this window, is different from any we have mentioned : it is well adapted to the light in which it is placed, and is esteemed a masterly performance. On turning from this, the WEST WINDOW in the SOUTH AISLE Presents a striking proof of the superlative abilities of the last mentioned artists, in a brilliant representa- tion of the Nativity of Christ. The Virgin Mary is seated with the infant Jesus sleeping in her lap, and Joseph, with the most devout attention, is holding a lamp, to give light to her whilst she performs her maternal offices. The Angel of the Lord, which is a rery beautiful figure, accompanied with a group of Cherubs, appears with an olive branch, seeming to proclaim peace and happiness to mankind. In the back and fore ground, are various objects, either descriptive of the mean situation in which the birth of Our Saviour happened, or allusive to the oblation which was to be offered up for the redemption of man. This, as has been intimated, was painted by Mr. Forest, from a design of Mr. West's, aiid wai put up in 1794. WEST WINDOW IN THE NORTH AISLE. This window, which was put up in 1796, is also by Mr. Forest, from a design by B. West, Esq andil 94 THE WINDSOR fil'IDE. a representation of the Wise Men's Offerings. The painting is not crowded with a vast variety of figures, as we sometimes see in pictures on this subject It consists of the infant Jesus, in a reclining posture in the lap of the Virgin Mary, behind whom is Joseph, and in the front are the Wise Men of the East pie- senting Offerings, whose various countenances and habits-, bespeak them of different and distant conn- tries. Over these is a luminous slar, and the Angel of the Lord ; by which the artist in this, as in the other windows, seems strongly to impress on our minds an idea of the mercy and goodness of the Al- mighty, in his scheme of Christian Redemption*. MONUMENTS, VAULTS, &c. Before we proceed to give a description of the mo- numents in this Chapel, it may be proper to acquaint the reader, that most of them were originally founded as Chantries, and endowed with lands and other re- venues for the maintenance of Chaplains and Priests, to sing masses there for the repose of their several founders and their kindred. * It is but seldom that the whole of these windows can be seen to advantage at any one time in (be day ; except when the sun is obscured by light clouds. When this is not the case, the most favounible light for viewing the cast windows, is from nine t eleven; and, for tbosc at the west end, from three toiix. THE WINDSOR GL'IDB. 93 Besides the several chantries founded at different times, there was heretofore held and celebrated in this chapel several anniversaries, or obiits, for the remem- brance of pious persons and other benefactors to this chapel; but as the observance of them has long since been laid aside, we shall omit further mention of them, and observe, that since the Reformation, four general obiits only arc observed annually, on the Sundays next preceding the four quarterly feasts, viz. March 25th, June 25th, September 29th, and December 25th, in commemoration of the founders, patrons, and be- nefactors to this Church, and the Order of the Gar. ter; at which time, a particular service is made use of, and the several officers of the church have an ad. dkional stipend. HEXRY VIII. &c. Near the first haut pas of the choir, is the Royal Vault, in which are deposited the remains of Henry VIII. and his Queen, Jane Seymour ; King Charles I. and a daughter of Queen Anne. Henry VI. and Ed- ward IV. were also buried in this chapel ; the former in the south, the latter in the north aisle near the altar. The monuments of these princes will be more particularly mentioned, in the order they are exhi- bited by the Sexton, in conducting the stranger round tbia much- admired chapel. fX5 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. KING EDWARD IV. At the east end of the north aisle, are deposited the remains of Edward IV. in a tomb covered with touch. stone, over which is erected a beautiful monument* composed of steel, representing a pair of gates, be- tween two towers of curious workmanship, after the gothic manner. The trophies of honour OTCF the Prince's grave, were richly ornamented with pearls, rubies, and gold, and hung secure till this chapel was plundered in 1611. The steel front of this monument formerly faced the north aisle, but is now towards the altar; and in 1790, was added, on the back part of it towards the north ;ii-!.'. a neat stone monument, chiefly composed of fragments, collected from the other parts of the chapel, and which contribute greatly to the beauty of the whole. In the front of the monument, is a fine black marble slab, and on it, in solid brass old Eng. lish characters, <5utD3rtJ liif Over these are his Arms and Crown, supported by Angels : and at the base of the monument on a flat stone, are countersunk, in characters before mentioned, Ring OEofoarD iiif. atti) bus dueen lij,ib:t& On a stone adjoining, in like characters, are of Bjoforn, ana l^arp, fifty Daughw Bf ujf. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 97 In the beginning of March, 1789, as the workmen were employed in preparing the ground fur a new pavement they perceived a small aperture in the side of the vault, which curiosity soon rendered sufficiently large to admit an easy entrance to the interior part. This was found to contain a leaden coffin seven feet long, with a perfect skeleton, immersed in a glutinous liquid, with which the body is thought to have been embalmed*, as it was near 307 years since its inter- ment. As soon as the labourers "had communicated this discevery, the public eagerly flocked to the chapel ; many of them found ways and means to gratify their curiosity, and had not a timely check been put to It, the whole of the remains would soon have been dispersed over various parts of the earth ; one se- creting some hair, a second a tooth, a third a finger, &c. &c. who now boast their plundered relics of this magnanimous Prince. On the top of the before men- tioned coffin, was placed another, supposed to be made of Cedar, and to contain the remains of Eliza- beth Widville, Queen of Edward IV. but these were greatly decayed. On the inside of the vault were in- scribed several names and characters but which pro- bably were done by the attendants at the funeral, or the workmen employed in the erection of the vault many of them being written in chalk, and as none of * In contradiction to this, some philosophical gentlemen are of opinion, that the liquid and sediment contained in the coffin, were simply water and earth, to which all bodie resolve. 98 THE WINDSOR GUID1. them immediately appertain to the King, except the name dtoatfe, In 1805, were interred in a vault near the Sove- reign's Stall, the remains of William Henry Duke of Gloucester, brother to his present Majesty, and in 1807, Maria, Duchess Dowager of Gloucester wai buried in the same vault. Dr. W. WADE. In a recess in the aisle, at the back of (he altar," is a neat marble monument, erected by Lieut-General George Wade, in memory of his brother Dr. William Wade, Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, and Canon of this Royal Chapel. He flied Feb. 1, 1732, in the sixty-second year of his age. THEODORE RANDUE. Adjoining to the last, in a similar recess, is a monument to the memory of Theodore Randue, Esq. keeper of Windsor Palace, in the reign of Charles II. who died April 30th, 1724-, in the eighty second year of his age. He bequeathed, by his last will, the sum of 46001. to public charities, the particulars of which are inscribed on his tomb. The two last mentioned monuments were originally erected near the west end of the chapel ; the former in the north, the latter in the south aisle, and were removed hither in June, 1789. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 99 LINCOLN CHAPEL. At the south east corner of this church is a small chapel, wherein are interred the remains of Edward, Earl of Lincoln, a nobleman as eminent for his wisdom in the senate, as for his naval and military abilities and conduct. The 1st of Edward IV. he was made admiral of the fleet sent to Scotland, and afterwards Xord High Admiral of England. After a life spent with honour and success, in tlie service of four of the most illustrious princes, his lordship departed this life, Jan. 16, 1584, and a handsome monument was erected to his memory by his lady, who is also buried here. This monument is of alabaster, with pillars of por- phyry. On the top are the effigies of his lordship, lying prostrate on a mat of curious workmanship, dressed in armour, his feet resting on a greyhound, collared and chained : by his side lies his lady, in her robes of state, her head resting on an embroidered cushion, and her feet on a monkey. Round the mo. nument are their sons and daughters OH their knees. This monument, which in many parts was greatly .defaced, was repaired iu 1789, by order of the Duke of Newcastle. On the west side of the chapel are the family arms, curiously sculptured in alabaster and blazoned. 100 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. In December, 1795, Sir Henry Clinton, Bart, interred under the above-mentioned monument.* BEAUCHAMP, BISHOP OF SALISBURY. In an arched tomb, at the east end of the south aisle, lies Richard Beauchamp, Bishop of Salisbury, who was the first chancellor of the most noble Order of the Garter ; and in an arch opposite to this tomb, for- merly lay a missal, or breviary, as appears by this inscription underneath : Who leyde thys bookc here : The Reverend ffiider in god, Richard Beauchamp, bisschop of thys Dyocesse of Sarysbnry, and wherfor: to thys entent that Precstis and Ministers of goddis Churche may here have the occupation thereof, sryying therein theyr divyne servysc and "for all othir that lystyn to sey thereby ther devocyon. Askyth he any spuall * The burial fees paid to the college, and the members of the church for the funeral of Sir Henry Clinton, Ban. in December, 1795, were as follow : The Ground in the Chapel, 501. the Locum Tenens, 51. 6s. 8d. the Precentor, 21. 18s. 4d. five Caiort, 21. each, 101. The Dean'g Curate, I -. Id. Seven Minor Canons 10s. each, SI. 10s. Sub- chanter, 13s. 4d. Organist, 11. Masterof the Choristers, 13s. 4d. Twelve Poor Knights, 10. each, 61. Ten Clerks, 10s. each, 51. Ten Choristers, 11. 13s. Verger, 11. Two Sextons, 11. Bell- ringers, 3s. Id. Porter, 10s. Organ Blower, 5s. ; making a total of 901. 10s. 4d.; exclusive of the charge for digging the grave, making a vault, mending the pavement, &c. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 101 ye, asmouche as oure lord lyst to reward hym for hys good entent : praying eury man wos dute or devocyon is eased by this booke, they woll sey for hym thii comiine oryson, Dne Jhu Xye ; knelyng in the pre- sence of thys holy Crosse, for the whyce the Reuerend ffader in god aboveseyd hathe graunted of the tresure of the churche, to euy man xl dayys of pardun : On the centre stone of the arch over this pait of the aisle, is curiously cut a representation of King Ed- ward IV. and the above bishop, on their knees before the holy cross. KING HENRY VI. Historians are much dirided concerning the death and burial of this Prince; but the most received opi- nion is, that he was murdered in the tower, by Richard. Duke of Gloucester, on the 2 1st of May, 1472. His corpse was the next day carried to St. Paul's church, and from thence conveyed by water to Chertsey, in Surrey, and buried ; but it was removed from thence in the reign of Richard III. to this choir, and a second time interred. From the sanctity of this Prince's life* a general opinion prevailed, that miracles were wrought through his intercession : his reliqsies were therefore had in such veneration, that Henry VII. applied to the court of Rome for his admission into the Calendar of Saints, and also for a licence from the Pope, (o re- move the body from Windsor to Westminster Abbey, F 102 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. to be interred with great solemnity, probably in his new erected chapel ; but the exorbitant demands of the Church of Rome not agreeing with the avaricious temper of Henry VII. the first intention was dropped, and the latter laid aside. From this application the report probably gained credit, that the royal body was actually removed, yet it is evident, from the will of that Prince, that it never was put into execution. The whole arch, under which this Prince is interred was, according to the will of Henry VII. sumptuously decorated, and there at present appears on the centre stone, the royal arms, supported by two antelopes, chained together with a golden chain, which on the late repair of the chapel, were cleaned and embla. zoned; but the various ensigns and devices on the different parts of the arch were totally obliterated. Though it be pretty evident from the above par. ticulars, that the remains of Henry are deposited in this chapel, yet as some may still have their doubts on the subject, it is to be regretted, that the very rudo treatment shewn to the bones of Edward, should have operated to suppress that desire of information re- specting Henry, which otherwise might have been easily and decently gratified, at the time the chapel was re- pairing: however not a single brick belonging to this vault was suffered to be removed, notwithstanding the workmen had occasion to dig down several feet close by the side of it. THE WINDSOR CUIDB. 103 CHARLES I. Fn April, 1813, whilst the workmen were employed in making a subterraneous passage from the middle of the choir, to the new Royal Mausoleum, they accidentally broke away a part of the vault of Henry VIII., but which was not then opened. The precise Spot of Henry's vault being thus ascertained, and as tome historians have given different accounts concern, ing the place of interment.of Charles I. in particular Lord Clarendon intimating, in his history of the Rebellion, that on search made by order of King Charles II. after the Restoration, the body could not be found ; a strong desire prevailed to satisfy the doubts thus excited. The Prince Regent, being at Windsor on Thursday, April 1, the day after the funeral of her late Royal Highness the Duchess of Brunswick, was consulted about the mode of ex- ploring these Royal remains, which he directed to be immediately done in his presence. Sir II. Halford attended his Royal Highness to the vault ; when the leaden coffin was cut open by the plumber from tho head to a little below the chest, a body appeared covered over with a cerecloth ; on carefully stripping the head and face, the countenance of Charles I. immediately appeared, in features apparently perfect as when he lived. The severed head had been care, fully adjusted to the shoulders ; and (he most perfect resemblance to the portraits was remarked in t*i F 3 104 TOE WINDSOR GUIDE. oval shape of the head, the pointed board, &c. O lifting up the head, the fissure made by the axe was clearly discovered by Sir Henry Halford, and the flesh, though somewhat darkened, Mas found to be in a tolerably perfect state. In the same vault was also found a decayed leaden coffin, containing the remains of Henry VIII. which consisted of nothing more than the skull, with some hair on the chin, and the principal limb bones, in a perfect state. There were also found in this vault the coffins of Queen Jane Seymour, and of a still-born child of Queen Anne. The following extract from Wood's Athena? Oxonicnscs, descriptive of the funeral of Charles I. will, as connected with the subject before us, be found interesting : ' Mr. Herbert was in waiting to receive the body after the execution, and he and Bishop Juxon charged themselves with its interment, as the last sad office they could pay to their departed King. They applied to the Parliament for leave to bury it in King Henry the Seventh's Chapel, in Westminster Abbey, but that was refused, because it would attract many spectators, which ' as the times then were, was judged unfafe and inconvenient.' They then resolved to inter it in St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, having obtained from the Committee of Parliament permission so to do. Several kings had been interred there, as Henry VI. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 105 Edward IY. Henry VIII., &c. The corpse was ac. cordingly carried there on the 7th Feb. in a hearse, attended by about a dozen Gentlemen, who had been about the person of the King at Carisbrook Castle, and other places. After some deliberation, Herbert pitched upon the vault where Edward IV. had been interred ; but while the workmen were employed in removing the stones, some noblemen came thither, namely, the Duke of Richmond, the Marquis of Hertford, the Ea-rl of Lindtey, and with them Dr. Juxon, Bishop of Lon- don, who had licence from Parliament to attend the King's body to the grave. One of those Lords, beating gently on the pavement with his staff, perceived a hollow sound, and thereupon ordering Uic stones and earth to be removed, they discovered a descent into a vault, where two coffins were laid near one another, the one * ery large, of an antique form, the other very little. These they supposed to be the bodies of King Henry VIII. and Queen Jane Seymour, his third wife, as indeed they were. The velvet palls that covered their coffins seemed fresh, though they had lain there above a hundred years. * The Lords agreeing that the King's body should be in the same vault interred, being about the middle of the choir, over against the eleventh stall upon the Sovereig?i's side, they gave order to have the King's name and year he died cut in lead ; and this girdle, or circumscription of capital letters of lead put about the King's coffin had only these words, King Charles, 1648. F3 108 THE WINDSOR GCIDE. * The King's body was (hen brought from his bed- chamber down into St. George's Hall, whence, after a little stay, it was with a slow and solemn pace (much sorrow in most faces being then discernible), carried by Gentlemen of quality in mourning. The body being by the bearers set down near the place of burial, the Bishop of London stood ready with the service book in his hands to have performed his last duty to the King his master, but it would not be suffered by Colonel Whitchot, the Governor of the Castle, by reason of the Directory, to tchich, said he, he andotjiert vcere to be conformable. Thus went Charles to his grave, in the 48th year of his age, and 22d year and 10th month of his reign.* To the above we have only to add, that Mr. Maplctop relates, in bis Hutory of the Antiquities of Windsor, that he had seen a MS. note of Mr. Sewell, who was 40 yean Chapter Clerk to the College of St. George, ' that upon opening this (Henry VHIth's) vault, for the interment of a still-born child of the Princess of Denmark, afterwards Queen Ann, he wont into the vault, and there saw the coffins of King Henry VHIth, and Queen Jane, also the coffin of King Charles 1st. marked on the coffin ' King Charles, 1618 ;' that the coffin of the new. born child was laid upon the coffin of Charles I. Mr. M. concludes by stating, that after the interment of the child of Queen Anne, the royal vault was ordered to be closed, and has never since been opened. These accounts per- THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 107 fectly agree with the observations made at the-opening of the vault in 1813. CHARLES BRANDON Near the south door of the choir, is buried, Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, who married Mary, Queen Dowager of France, and sister to King Henry VIII. On a marble tablet was formerly this inscription : 4 Here lies Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, who married King Henry Vlllth's sister, and died in his reign, August, 1515, and was buried at the King'* own charge.' ^Nothing now remains to distinguish the grave of this noble duke but a black marble grave stone, with this simple inscription ' Charles Brandon.' OXENBRIDGE CHAPEL. Farther, towards the south door of the Chapel, is a small chantry, dedicated to St. John the Baptist, erected in 1 522, by John Oxenbridge, canon and bene- factor to this Church. The screen is in the Gothic taste. Over Ihi) door is a lion rarapant, with many escalops round him, with the rebus of the founder's name ; viz. an Ox, the letter N and a Bridge. Within this Chapel is painted St. John the Baptist preaching in the wilderness; his head delivered to the damsel; and the damsel presenting it to Herod. F4 108 ALDWORTH CHAPEL. Contiguous to that which we last described, is a small chapel, wherein arc deposited, under an altar monument, the remains of Dr. Oliver King, Bishop of I3atb>HTtl>Vells, and registqj- of the Order of the Gar- ter. Also several of the family of Aldworth are in- tcrrcd here, from which it takes its present name ; though it evidently appears to have been built by the above learned Bishop, from the paintings on the wall %nd other devices relating to that Prelate. These paintings are greatly decayed, and probably tull soon be entirely obliterated, as they are not in a style to merit preservation. Opposite to Aldworth Chapel are painted, on pan- jicls of oak, carved and decorated with the arms, de- vices, and bearings peculiar to each Prince, the por- traits at full length of Prince Edward, son to Henry VI. King Edward IV. King Henry VII. Undernealh these paintings is a Latin inscription, desiring the reader to pray for the soul of Mr. Oliver King, professor of law, chief secretary to the above princes, &c. and who, as was before observed, lies buried in th chapel adjoining. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 109 Beneath this inscription is a black marble tablet, in which are affixed in old English Characters of solid brass, ' CSIfluam >enrp >ufce, anti iHaria Ourfjess of Gloucester, 1805. 1807.' BRAY CHAPEL. This Chapel was built in the reign of Henry VII. by Sir Reginald Bray, one of the Knights Com- panions of the Order, who was also a liberal benefac- tor towards finishing the body of the chapel, as is ma- nifest from his arms, crest, and other devices peculiar to him, being cut and placed in different parts of the roof, and likewise on the beautiful stone screen which divides this chapel from the body of the church. This gentleman was many years in the service of Margaret, Countess of Richmond and Derby ; was highly instru- mental in advancing her son, Henry Vllth. to th throne, and in uniting the two Royal Houses of York anil Lancaster, by the marriage of that Prince to Eli- zabeth, daughter of Edward IV. To his great abilities as a statesman, he joined a happy knowledge of ar- chitecture, as this chapel of St. George, and that of Henry VII. at Westminster, do both sufficiently testify. On preparing a vault for Dr. Waterland, a leade m coffin of an ancient form was found, which was ad- F5 110 THE WINDSOR 6C1DE. judged to be the coffin of Sir Reginald Bray, and was therefore, by order of the dean, immediately arched over. He died 1502. Dr. GILES THOMSON. The first monument, in the order that they are usually exhibited, is that of Dr. Giles Thomson, Bi- shop of Gloucester. It is of alabaster, with a bust of the Bishop in an episcopal habit, with this inscrip- tion : < Hie situs est jEGIDUS THOMSON, hujus capella quondam Decanus,' &c. Which may that be translated: Here lieth Giles Thomson, formerljr Dean of this Chapel, whose mind was upright, tongue learned, and hands pure. He was born at London, educated at Oxford, in the College of All Souls ; ever a friend to the good, indigent, and learned. Though his mortal body lies under the earth, his soul is raised by piety to the skies. X ' He was thirteen years Dean of this Chapel, during which, he was in manners grave, prudent, and pious. Afterwards, he was presented to the Bishop- rick of Gloucester, by his Most Serene Majesty King James, and the following year snatched away by death, June 11, 1612, aged 59.' THE WINDSOR GUIDE. Ill RICHARD WORTLEV. Adjoining to the last, is a monument supported by two pillars of curious marble, and the whole encom- passed with a beautiful foliage. On the tomb is inscribed : * In obitum RICHARD: WORTLEY de WORTLET, in comitatu Ebor. Equitis Aurati, qui obiit 25 Die Junis, 1603.' The Epitaph is in Latin, and is thus translated : ' Wortley, the grief and gjory of his age, Of People, King, and Knights, the love and grace, Here lies entomb'd ; his loss his Country grieves, His loss the Poor, to both his aid he gave ; When will Truth, Piety, and the sacred train Of Virtues find so good, so great a Man ? One like him's found, but of female kind, Unlike in sex, his Wife's the same in mind.' WILLIAM FITZWILLIAMS. The next is an altar monument, of grey marble; and on a plate of copper, affixed to the back, is a Latin inscription. In English thus : 4 This tomb is all that remains to you, William Fitz-Williams ; 1 Thy scanty lot's confin'd to this small urn, All else from thee, by greedy death, is torn ; Wealth, Honour, Beanty, all the outward Grace Which Fortune furnish'd, thou didst once possess ; All but the Mind and Fame : in Heaven lives Thy Mind, thy Fame in every mouth survives.' He died October 13 3 1659. 112 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. DR. BRIDEOACK. Close to the last mentioned is a marble monument erected to the memory of Dr. Brideoack, Bishop of Chichestcr, who lies cumbent in his episcopal robes, with a mitre on his head, and a crosier by his side. Over the Bishop is a Latin inscription, which we have thus translated : ' Sacred to the memory of the reverend father in Christ, Ralph Brideoack, who put off this mortal life in a good old age, in God. He was a man resolutely good and great, yet lowly minded ; a valuable treasure of the attic, and all sorts of eloquence. During the exile of Charles II. he was stripped of his property, and at his return, made Canon of this Chapel, Dean of Salisbury, and afterwards Bishop of Chichester ; hospitable, and a friend to virtue, he was to his diocese, like a father to his family, who eager for the safety of others, while regardless of his OWH, in visit- ing his flock, was seized with the then raging fever, and died in the exercise of his episcopal function, on the 8th of October, 1678, in the 64th year of his age. ' His inconsolable widow has erected this monument to the memory of the best of husbands.' Da. WATKRLAND. In the middle of this chapel is interred, the late reverend and Icarnrd Dr. Waterland, and his widow ; and on a black marble grave stone is inscribed, Daniel Waterland, S. T. P. Hujus Ecclesioe Canpnicus, ob. December 23, JEi&t 58.' THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 11* BEAUFORT CHAPEL. At the west end of the north aisle, is a small chapej dedicated to the Virgin Mary, called Beaufort ChapeJ, many of that ancient and noble family being buried here. la this chapel are two noble marble monu- ments ; one erected to the memory of Charles Somer- set, Earl of Worcester, and Knight of the Garter, who died April 15, 1526, and his lady, Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of William, Earl of Huntingdon. The Earl lies dressed in the habit of the Garter, with his head resting on a helmet; and ou.his right side is his lady, in her robes of state. On the back, sit two angels weeping; at their head Stands an angel, displaying their arms within the Gar. tcr. This monument is inclosed within a screen of brass work gilt, and has uo inscription on it. The other monument is to the memory of Henry Somerset, late Duke of Beaufort, Knight of the Gar. ter. It is of white marble, exceedingly magnificent ; two columns of the Corinthian order, with their shafts entwined with leaves and flowers, support the upper part of the monumemt, on which is placed, on each side, a flaming urn, adorned with leaves and flowers; and in the centre, the Duke's coat of arms. In the middle below, is his Grace, dressed in his robes, in il THE WINDSOR OUIBB. a reclining posture. Over him are curtains hanging down by the columns on each side, while on the back, ground, are represented in relievo, in the clouds, two angels holding a crown and palm, and several Che. rubs. Below the Duke, is St. Georgej killing the Dragon ; and on each side of the monument, between the columns, stands a statue, one representing Jus- tice, the other Fortitude. On the base is a Latin inscription, to the following purport : ' Beneath this marble, loaded with years and ho. nour?, sleeps Henry Somerset, Duke of Beaufort, Baron Herbert, of Chcpstow, Hheglan, and Gower, and Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter ; eminent for his virtues and nobleness of soul. In him was united a singular prudence, with a renowned justice. He not only restored his fortune, which was overthrown by his enemies, but happily increased his ancient honours. Nor was he so intent upon his own private interest, as to neglect that of the public . for he was, in the reigns of Charles, and James the Second, President of the Council in the Principality of Wales ; Governor of the Counties and Cities of Gloucester, Hereford, Bristol and all Wales; Go. Tcrnor of the Castle of Briavcl and Principal Ver- durer of the Forest of Dean; Lieutenant of the Bo. roughs of Malmsbury, Tewkesbury, and Andover ; Chamberlain and Privy Counsellor to both of the Charles's, to whom he cleaved with unspotted honor THE WINDSOR UIDE. 115 He had to his wife, Mary, the eldest daughter of the most honourable Arthur, Lord Capel, whom he dearly loved, by whom he had a most numerous offspring. He died, aged 70, January 21, 1699.' On a neat marble tablet, affixed to the wall of the chapel, is the following inscription : ' This Chapel, (belonging to his ancestors) wherein lie buried not only the bodies of those whose tombs are erected, but likewise that of Henry, late Marquis of Worcester, his grandfather, so eminent for the great supplies of men and money afforded to his Sove- reign King Charles the Martyr, whose cause he es. poused, and for keeping his Castle of Rheglan with a strong garrison, at his own expence, until it became the last but one in England and Wales that held ont against the Rebels, and then not yielding it until after a long siege to Lord Fairfax, Generalissimo of the Parliament forces : in revenge of which obstinacy, as they termed it, it was demolished, and all the woods and parks, which were vast, cut down and destroyed, and his estate sold by order of the then rebellious Parliament, to the great damage of himself and pos- terity. Wherein also lies the body of HENRY, The Restorer's First Born Son.' This chapel being in the time of the Rebellion, upon the before-mentioned account, much defaced, 11 6 THE WINDSOR OOIDf. and (he brass work, to a considerable value, plun- dered and embezzled, was restored to its primitive form and thapc, and what was wanting thereto supplied at the expence and charge of his Grace Henry Somerset Duke of Beaufort; whose monu- ment, &c. we have already given an account of. The In(e repairs of this chapel were at the expcncs of the father of the present Duke of Beaufort. URSWICK CHAPEL. At the north west corner of this church, is Urswick's, or the Bread Chapel, so called from Dr. Christopher Urswick, Dean of Windsor, and joint promoter with Sir Reginald Bray in finishing this fabric. This gentleman was also a faithful servant to Jlcnry VII. before his accession to the throne, and was afterwards employed by that Prince on many embassies to foreign Princes, on the moat important subjects ; and was in so great favour, that he was ottered the greatest ecclesiastical honours, all which he refused, and anno 1505, resigned this deanery and all his other preferments, contenting himself with the duties of his private parsonage at Hackney, where he died and was buried, 1521. His epitaph may be found in Weaver's Funeral Monuments ; and on the stone screen of this chapel, is an ancient inscription in Latin, in English thus: ' Pray for the souls of King Henry VII. and Christofyr Ur-uick. sometime Lord Almoner to th THE WINDSOR GD1DE. 117 King, and Dean of this Chapel. Hail Mary, and blessed be thy holy mother Ann, from whom thy most pure virgin flesh issued without stain. Amen. God have mercy on the souls of King Harry the Seventh, and Chnstofyr Urswick, and all Christian souls, Amen. O God, who by thy only begotten son didst redeem mankind, being incarnate of the Virgin's womb, and having suffered death, deliver, we beseech thee, the souls of Henry VII. and Chrystofyr, and all those whom Chrystofyr offended during life, from eternal death, and bring them to eternal life. A-ncn. God have mercy.' In this chapel is a neat marble tablet, to th memory of Colonel Robert Brudenell, son of the Earl of Cardigan ; he was Deputy Governor of Windsor Castle, under his brother the Duke of Montague, and died October 20th, 1768. RUTLAND-CHAPEL. This chapel is in the middle of the north aisle, and in the centre of it is a neat alabaster monument, erected to the memory of Sir George Manners, Lord Roos, in the reign of Henry VIII. and of the Lady Ann, his wife, niece to Edward IV. Sir George lies dressed in armour, his head resting on a helmet, and his feet on an unicorn couchant, By his side lies his lady, in her robes of state, which were once beautifully blazoned, her head resting on a 118 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. cushion supported by two angels. On each side of the tomb arc tlicir sons and daughters ; and at one end are angels displaying the family arms. Sir George died Oct. 23d. 1513, and Lady Ann, April 22d. 1526. In this chapel is another memorial of this noble family, viz. a brass plate gilt, whereon arc theelligies of Ann, Duchess of Exeter, sister to King Edward IV. and mother of the above Lady Ann Manners, and Sir Thomas Syllinger, her husband, with their arms blazoned, aud a cruciilx between them, with tills inscription: ' Within this chapel lycth buried, Ann, Duchess of Exeter, syster to the noble King Edward the fourth, and also Sir Thomas Syllinger, Kuyght, her husband, who Imth found wythyn thys college achantrie with two promts singing for evermore. On whose soul God have mercy. The which Ann, Duchess, died in the year of our Lord, a thousand CCCCLUV. the domi. iiiical letter D primum S XIII. day of January.' On a like plate, under the next window is engraved, MAGISTER ROBERTUS HONEYWOOD, Legum Doctor.' In the middle of the plate, the Doctor is represented in the habit of his degree, with St. Catherine behind him, kneeling before the Virgin Mary, with our S.iriour in her lap. THE WIKDSOR GUIDE. t!9 Adjoining to the last mentioned, is a neat marbl* tablet with the following inscription : * Near this place lie the remains of Theodore Ayl- ward, Mus. Doc. Gresham Professor of music, and organist of this chapel, died 27th Feb. 1801, aged 70. ' Aylward adieu, my pleasing gentle friend, Regret and honour on thy grave attend ; Thy rapid hand harmonious skill possest, And moral harmony enrich'd thy breast; For Heaven most freely to thy life assign'd Benevolence, the music of the mind ; Mild as thy nature, all thy moral scene. Thy death was easy, and thy life serene.' HAT LET. HASTINGS' CHAPEL. On the west side of the choir door, in the north aisle, is a chapel, built by Elizabeth, the wife of William Lord Hastings, Chamberlain to King Edward IV. and master of the Mint, who for his loyalty to that Prince and his royal issue, was put to death by Richard III. in the Tower of London. The roof of this chapel is neat, and was formerly richly ornamented and gilt. At each end are several niches, in which images appear to have been placed, and under them several angels, displaying the arms of the family of Hastings. This chapel is dedicated to St. Stephen, whose history is painted on four pannels in the inside of itj and still well preserred. 120 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. In the first pannel is St. Stephen preaching to the people ; in the second he is represented before ihe tribunal of Herod; in the third is the stoning of this primitive martyr, by (he Jews; and in the fourth the faint is represented in a sleeping posture, and above him his beatification. On the fore ground is inscribed in Latin, ' He dies in the Lord, by whom eternal life is given,' and under the several pannels, are similar apposite sentences. The grave stones in the various parts of the chapel not being usually noticed by strangers, we havo omitted to point them out, as a particular account of them would swell this compendium beyond it* intended limits. QUEEN'S CLOSET. On the north side of the choir, adjoining to (he altar, is a gallery called the Queen's closet, formerly used only for the accommodation of the ladles at an installation; in 1780, it was considerably repaired and completely furnished with desks, stools, cushions, curtains, &c. and here their Majesties and the royal family attended divine serf ice, every Sunday morning during their summer residence at Windsor. The wainscot and canopy are both in the Gothic ityle, and neatly painted in imitation of Norway WINDSOR GCIDK. 121 ak. The Curtaiusare of fine garter blue silk, and the chairs and stools are covered with the same. On the covers of the cushions, within an oval, encircled with flowers, arc neatly worked the letters G. R. In the second window are painted the arms of their Majesties, by Bristow ; a sun-flower, by West ; and a rose by Jarvis. In the third window is St. Catherine, and th crowning of Queen Esther. In the east window is a representation of Nabal receiving David's messengers, vide 25th chap. 1st book, of Samuel. In the window on the south side of the closet, is an excellent piece in ancient stained glass, of the Wise Men's Offering, and a portrait of King Charles II. The upper part of the window next the choir, is beautifully ornamented with Mosaic glass ; in this window are three pieces, representing the Dissipation, Distress, and Return of the Prodigal Son ; the arms of Henry VII. and other representations, which add to the ornament and decent neatness of the whole. CHAPTER-HOUSE. At the east end of the north aisle is the Chapter House, wherein all the business of the college is transacted : this room is not usually shewn to stran. 122 THE WINDSOR GTTIDB. gcrs, yet we presnme the following particulars be acceptable to the reader. Fronting the entrance is a fine whole length of the renowned and victorious Edward III. in his robes of state; in his right hand he holds a sword, bearing the crowns of France and Scotland, in token of the many conquests he gained over those nations. Round the frame is written this inscription : EDVARDUS TERTIUS INVICTISSIML-B ANGLIJE REX, Hujus CAPELLJE ET NOBILISSIMI ORDINIS GAR- TERII FUNDATOR.' On one side of this portrait is kept the all-con, quering sword of this renowned Prince, which is six. feet nine inches long. The stranger having gone thus far, it is necessary he should now feel for his loose silver, as the Sexton by this time is preparing to make his bow. ROYAL DOMITORY. Adjoining to the east end of St. George's Chapel, is a free-stone edifice, built by King Henry VII. as a burial place for himself and his successors ; but this Prince afterwards altering his purpose, began the more noble structure at Westminster, and this fabric remained neglected until Cardinal Wolsey obtained a grant of it from King Henry VIII ; Wolsey, with a profusion of expence unknown to former ages, dc- THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 123 signed and begun here a most sumptuous monument for himself, from whence this building obtained the name of Wolsey's Tomb House. This monument was so magnificently built, that Lord Bacon, in his life Henry VIII. says it far exceeded that of Henry VII. in Westminster Abbey ; and at the time of the Car- dinal's disgrace, the tomb was so far executed, that Bancdetto, a statuary of Florence, received 4250 ducats for what he had already done, and 3801. 18s. sterling had been paid for gilding only half of this sumptuous monument. The Cardinal dying soon after his retirement from court, was privately buried in one of the Abbey Chapels at Leicester, and the monument remained unfinished. In 1646, it became the plunder of the rebels; and the statues and figures of gilt copper of exquisite workmanship, made for the ornament of the tomb, sold to carry on the rebellion. King James II. converted this building into a popish chapel, and mass was publicly performed here. The ceiling was executed by Verrio, who is allowed to have here excelled his other performances. The walls were finely ornamented and painted; but it remained entirely neglected ever since the reign of James II. and made a most ruinous appearance, till the summer of the year 1800, when his Majesty ordered the windows and other external parts to b repaired. 124 THE WINDSOR SUIDK. Whatever might have been his Majesty's intcntioi at that time, nothing further was carried into execu- tion till 1810, when it was determined to construct within its walls a Royal Dormitory. The workmen employed in removing the earth for this purpose, discovered two coffins in a stone recess about three foot below the surface, one containing the remains of Elizabeth Wydville, Queen of Edward the Fourth ; the other those of George, the third sou of the said King and Queen. From hence it is evident, that the former conjectures, mentioned in page 97, concerning the remains of Elizabeth Wyd- ville being deposited in the tomb of Edward IV. art* erroneous. An excavation has been formed in the dry rock of chalk of the whole length and width of the building, to the depth of 1 5 feet from the surface. In this the se- pulchre is constructed. The dimensions of the tomb arc 70 feet in length, 28 in width, and 14- in depth. The receptacles for bodies on the sides of the tomb are formed by massive gothic columns, of an octagon shape, supporting a range of four shelve^, each of which, in the space between the columns, will con'ain two bodies, the whole range of each side admitting 32 bodies. At the east end are fire niches for the recep- tion of as many coffins. In the middle 12 low tombs a re erected for the Sovereigns. The sepulchre will thus contain 81 bodies. The columns arc of fine Bath THB WINDSOR GUIDE. 125 stone, and the shelves of Yorkshire stone. A sub- terraneous passage is formed from the vault under the choir of St. George's Chapel, in which an aperture is made, near the ascent to the altar, for the bodies to descend. From the columns springs a vaulted roof over the tomb. The building itself is intended for a Chapter-House for the service of the Order of the Garter. In completion of this design, the deling, painted by Verrio, is taken away, and a Gothic roof, in unison with the general character of the building, substituted. The whole will undergo a complete re- pair many internal decorations are now preparing. The sepulchre is from the design of the late James Wyatt, Esq. as also the roof and decorations. G 126 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. CHAP. VII. A SUMMARY ACCOUNT OF THE COLLEGE OF ST. GEORGE. THE Royal College of St. George, which hat the Honour of baring the Order of the Garter attached to it, was first incorporated and endowed by letters patent of the 22d of Edward III. about three quar- ters of a year before the institution of the most noble Order of the Garter, and on that day twelve months the statutes of the college bear date; being made by virtue of the Pope's authority, the King's command, consent of the Bishop of Salisbury, (iu whose diocese the Chapel is situated) and of the Dean and Chapter of Salisbury. By the above-mentioned authorities, the Bishop of Winchester instituted a College within the' Chapel of St. George, consisting of one custos, 12 secular canons, 13 priests, four clerks, six cho- risters, and 24 alms knights, besides other officers. These letters patent were confirmed, and several immunities granted by Henry VI. and Edward IV. also by an act of Parliament of the 22d. of Edward IV. Several statutes were likewise made for per. petuating and well governing this college, by Hcury VIII. Edward VI. and Queen Elizabeth; and the present establishments on this foundation are M follows : 127 A Dean, who is president dver the rest of the Col- lege, both in civil and ecclesiastical jurisdiction. He is presented by the King, and instituted by the Bishop of Winchester. Twelve canons, or prebendaries, who, with the dean* constitute the legislative body of this college. These also are presented to their prebends by the King, but instituted and installed by the Dean, or his deputy. Seven minor canons, who, at their admission, ac- cording to the statutes of the college, are bound to be Deacons, and at the next time appointed for or- dination to be ordained priests. Each of these canons had at first but the annual pension of eight poands sterling : but this was increased by Edward IV. and Queen Elizabeth, and since by the -college, to forty pounds per annum. la addition to this, the late Mr. Isaac Chapman, minor canon of this Chapel, who died February 8, 1781, bequeathed ten pounds a year to each of the minor canons^ so that, if we include the value of their houses, which some of them let, their annual income may be estimated at about eighty pounds. Thirteen clerks, who, after the foundation of the College by Edward III. were taken info the choir, for the service thereof. One of them being organist? has a double clerk's place, and is therefore accounted as two of the thirteen ; their salaries are twenty-two 123 T.HE WINDSOR GUIDE. pounds ten shillings per annum each. These also have each an house allowed them. JT Ten choristers ; these were appointed for the fur- Iher service of the choir, for which, the six seniors hare a stipend of twelve shillings, and the four juniors six shillings a month. Formerly there were only eight of these, which is the reason the pay of the four younger ones is bat half what it was originally. Ten officers appointed for the business of the col- lege, are a steward, treasurer, steward of the courts, chapter-clerk, chanter, and verger; two sextons, two bell. ringers, a clock-keeper, and a porter. JPOGIl KNIGHTS. King Edward III. out of the great respect he bowj to military honour, and the regard he had for those who behaved themselves bravely in the wars, yet after. wards became reduced in their circumstances, took care to provide an honourable asylum, and comfort- able subsistence for them in their old age, by uniting them under one corporation and joint body with the custos and canons. These were called milites pau- peres, and since poor, or alms-knights. The number was at first twenty-four. On account of some differ- ence between the dean and canons, and the alms- knights, by an act of the 22d of Edward IV. it was enacted that the dean and canons, and their succes- rtie wiflbsoft Gcit)tt 12^ sors, should be for ev6r gtfit And discharged from aft manner of charge, of or for 'the saitf TcnigHts ; arm Queen Elizabeth, immediately after her coming t6 J the throne, agreeably to the wilt of her father, Kingll'enry VII I. made a special foundation 'for' thirteen poor men, decayed in- wars, and such Ukc se'rtic'e 1 '6f'fh } e' realm, to be called the Thirteen Knights of Windsor * r 1 and there kept in succession. Her Majesty likewise established certain rules and orders for the 'We'll governing the said knights ; and appointed the dean and canons, and their successors, to enforce theft obserTance of the said rules. ij k>,y-' *.; '**J ;J; "'*} -c^U'ji n-..-qii . !>MHJ;..I r.j By these statutes it was declared, that the Thirteen Knights should be elected of gentlemen brought to necessity through adverse fortune, and such as had spent their time in the service of the'ir Prince; that one of the thirteen should be chosen governor over' the rest; that they were to be men unmarried, and none of them afterwards permitted to marry, on pain of losing their places: but these rules, as well as some others, arc not strictly adhered to. The present number of alms-knights is thirteen of the Royal Foundation, and five of the Foundation of Sir Peter Le Maire, in the reign of James I. The former were endowed by Henry VIII. with lands of the yearly value of 6001. and the latter by Sir Peter Le Maire, with an estate of 2301. pvr annum. The 190 HIE WINDSOR GUIDE. booses of those on the Royal Establishment are re. paired at the ex pence of the Crown; but those of Sir Peter Lc Ma ire's Foundation, at the charge of the Knights themselves, who also pay nine pounds a year land-tax. The annual income of each of these knights is about 501. exclusive of a house to lire in. U). ., u: i In addition to the above-mentioned eighteen, Samui-1 Travers, who died, 1728, by his will and testament, bearing date the 16th of July, 172-1, after giving several pecuniary legacies, devisi-d the residue of his real and personal estates to his executors there- in named, upon trust, that they should, out of the rents and profits thereof, settle an annuity of 601. to be paid to each of seven gentlemen, to be added to the Poor Knights of Windsor, and that a building might be erected or purchased in or near the castle of Windsor, for an habitation for the said seven gentle. men, who wore to be superannuated or disabled Lieu, tenants of English men of war. That part of Mr. Travers's will relating to this endowment, is as follows : . * I therefore, give, grant, devise, and bequeath, ail the rest and residue of my estate, my funeral charges and legacies being first paid, my manors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments in the county of Essex, and elsewhere, with all debts, ar- rears, bills, bonds, and other specialities, goods and THE WINDSOR GUIDE, 131 chattels, with -all my estate both real and personal, whatsoever and wheresoever, to my said executors, Walter Gary and Samuel Holditch, and their heirs, upon special trust and confidence that they shall and will, out of tha rents, issues, and profits, of the said estate, settle an annuity or yearly sum of 601. to be paid to each and every one of seven gentlemen to be added to the present eighteen poor knights of Wind, sor, which said annuity is to be charged upon an estate of 5001. per annum, to be purchased and set apart for that purpose, in the county of Essex, by the said executors and trustees ; and I humbly pray his Majesty the said seven gentlemen may be incorporated by charter, with a clause to enable them to purchase and hold lands in mortmain, and that a building, the charge thereof to be defrayed out of my personal estate, may be erected or purchased in or near the castle of Wind- sor, for an habitation for the said seven gentlemen, who are to be superannuated or disabled Lieutenants of English men of war ; but the repairs to be in the first place paid out of the said estate of 5001. per annum, and then 121. per annum to be paid to the Governor or Senior of the seven, and the remainder to be equally divided between him and the other six. And I desire those Gentlemen so to be incorporated may be single men, without children, inclined to live a virtuous, studious, and devout life, to be removed if they give occasion of scandal ; and I would have them live in a collegiate manner, in order whereto I would 132 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. have 261. per annum deducted out of their several allowances, f o keep a constant table: And I do ap- point the Chief Governor of Windsor Castle, the Dean of Windsor, and the Provost of Eton College, visitors ; with power for them, or any two of them, to act as vacancy shall happen I desire they may be thus supplied: The Commissioners of the Navy to chnse three Lieutenants for each vacancy, out of which the Lord High Admiral, or Commissioners of the Admiralty for the time being, shall chuse two and the King's Majesty to nominate one of them and so on from time to time for ever.' It is to be observed, that this will was made prior to the statute of Mortmain; but, notwithstanding which, it was opposed by the heirs at law, and the representatives of the testator ; and the property had, for a great number of years, as well on account of other bequests, as this, been the subject of Chancery suits. However, the court of Chancery having passed a decree in favour of the will, seven gentlemen have been appointed, and a suitable building erected in conformity to the before-mentioned will.* ' In a suit pending in the Court of Chancery in 1793, wherein the Attorney General, at the relation of John Neal, Plaintiff, and 'J ravers Hartley, Esq. the son and heir of Alice Hartley who was the surviving niece and heir of the said Samuel Travers, Mid othen, were defendants, the said Rclator proposed that cr- THE WINDSOR GCIDS. 133 This structure is situated on the north side of thd castle, in a meadow adjoining the Park: It consists of seren distinct apartments, exclusive of the general tainf Farms in the county of Essex, which had produced'oti an average of twenty-one years a clear annual income of 5561. should be appropriated and charged for the purpose of making a pro . vision for the support and maintenance of the seven gentlemen to be added to the present eighteen Poor Knights of Windsor, in- stead of purchasing an estate in the said county of Essex of the value of 5001. per annum for that purpose, as directed by the tes- tator's Will ; that the said Testator's charitable intentions would' be thereby more immediately carried into execution. It was also- proposed by the said Relator, that certain grounds and premises- at Windsor should be purchased whereon to erect a proper Dwel- ling for the Said seven gentlemen, and that the charge for pur- chasing the ground, and erecting such building should be paid out of certain old South Sea Annuities, standing in the name of the Accomptant General of the Court of Chancery, in trust in the said cause. By an order of the Court, dated the 26th July, 1793, it was declared that such proposals for the appropriating and setting apart a part of the said Testator's estates in the county of Essex, and also for purchasing the said piece of ground and' premises, and the erecting such new building thereon would be a proper execution of the trusts and directions of the said Testator's Will. But all further directions relating thereto were reserved, until application should have been made to the King for incorpo- rating the said seven gentlemen. Application having been made to the King relative to the said vrder of the Court of Chancery, and in pursuance of His 3Ia~ jesty's directions to the Commissioners of the Royal Navy, the follow ing persoLs were submitted as proper for the said appoint- ment of Poor Knights of Windsor; viz. John Bowen, Wilhaw Ilaygarth, Alexander Brown, George Trussell, Ambrose Wnr- fcain, William Brampton, and William Osmond, and the said G 5 134 THE WINDSOR GUIDK. dining-room, and offices. The building has a portico nearly the whole length of the front, and forms a pleasing object from the Terrace. The situation, seven Lieutenants were approved of to be Poor Knights of Windsor according to the Will of ihe said Samuel Travers, as appears by His Majesty's Warrant, bearing date 27th November, 1795. The aforesaid sevea gentlemen having petitioned His Majesty to in- corporate them according to the Will of the said Samuel Travers, and in consequence of the death of William Bampton, Lieutenant Thomas Hall, being chosen agreeable to the directions of the Will of S. Travers, His Majesty was graciously pleased by Letters Patent dated 23d June, in the 38th year of his reign, to grant, con- stitute, declare, and appoint that the said John Bowen, William Haygarth, Alexander Brown, George Tru? sell, Ambrose War- ham, Thomas Hall, and William Osmond, and their successors to be elected and nominated in the manner prescribed in and hy the Last Will and Testament of the said Samuel Travers, shall be one Body Corporate and Politic in Deed and in Name from hence- forth and for ever, by the name of the Poor Knights of Windsor of the Foundation of Samuel Travers, Esq. and by that name shall have perpetual succession and Common Seal, with power to break, alter, chaige, or make new as often as shall be found ex- pedient. And that they and their successors shall and may sue and be sued, answer and be answered, &c. &c. in all places and courts of Judicature, &o. And that they and their successor? by the name aforttaid shall be able, and capable in law to receive, bave, hold, and enjoy for (be ends and purposes of their institution, the Land and Ground to be purchased for the purpose of erecting an House and Building for their habitation, and the Hon-e and Building thereon, as well as the Messuages, Farms, Lands, Tenements and Hereditaments in the county of Essex, to be appropriated and set apart under the direction of the said Court of Chancery, for their support and maintenance, in such manner, aud under and subject to such restrictions and regulation* THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 135 though picturesque, is unfavourable, being extremely flat; as will appear by a view of it lately published. as the said Court shall direct. And that they the said seven lieu- tenants, hereby incorporated, and their successors, shall also by the name aforesaid be able and capable in law to purchase, retain and enjoy for their better support and maintenance, and for the ends and purpose of (heir Institution, any other Messuages, Lands, Tenements, or Hereditaments whatsoever, not exceeding in the whole the yearly value of 5001. above all Issues and Reprizes as well as any Stocks, Funds, or Securities, Goods, or Chattels what- soever. By the said Letters Patent of Incorporation, it is ordered that the senior Lieutenant, according to his rank in the Royal' Navy, shall be appointed Governor, and so on in like manner from time to time, as death or removal may render such appoint- ment necessary; It is likewise ordered that in compliance with the desire of the said Samuel Travers, the chief Governor of Windsor Castle, the Dean of Windsor, and the Pfovost of Eton College for the time being, or any two of them, shall be visitors of ih said Corporation, in order to see that the good intentions of the Founder are fulfilled, and that the said seven Knights and their successors do observe and obey the several Rules, Orders, and Re- gulations therein contained, or that might be made for the better government of the said Knights, or for better carrying the good intentions of the Founder into execution.' The Rules prescribed by the Charter are conformable to the Will of the Founder, vrith the addition of such. Orders and Restrictions at are most con-' duciue to an orderly behaviour, and government. 136 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. CHAP. VIII. THE INSTITUTION OF THE ORDER OF THE GARTER, WITH THE CEREMONIES OF INSTALLATION, &c. This most noble Order of the Garter is allowed to excel all other institutions of honour in the whole world ; and though various arc the accounts given by different historians of the origin and institution of it) yet the most authentic records agree in the following particulars : King Edward III. influenced by a thirst for martial glory, gave himself up to military affairs, making St. George the martyr, who was a man of great renown for chivalry, his patron; and being engaged in a war for the recovering his rights in France, and making use of the best martiallists of the age, he thereupon designed (induced by its ancient fame) to restore King Arthur's round table, and for that purpose in- vited hither the gallant spirits from abroad ; and that he might endear and bind them to himself, he upon New Year's day, 1344, issued out letters of protection for the safe going and returning of foreign knights, to try their valour at the solemn justs, to be held at Windsor, on the 19th of January ensuing, when he provided a great supper to begin the solemnity; and then ordaining this festival to be annually held at THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 137 Whitsuntide, he, for that purpose, erected a particular building in the Castle, wherein he placed a table, 200 feet in diameter, and thereat entertained the knights, athis own expence of 1001. a week. And about three years after, issuing out his garter, for the signal of a battle that was crowned with success (which is con. ceived to be the battle of Cressy, where he took the French King prisoner, and brought him to England) he, upon so remarkable a victory, took occasion to institute this order, giving the garter pre-eminence amongst its ensigns, whence the select number whom he first incorporated, were stiled Knights of the golden Garter; an order by companionship, made illustrious by nine Emperors of Germany, six Kings of France, three Kings of Spain, one Emperor of Russia, seven Kings of Portugal, one King of Poland, two Kings of Sweden, six Kings of Denmark, two Kings of Scot- land, two Kings of Prussia, one King of Arragon, two Kings of Naples, one King of Sicily and Jeru- salem, and one King of Bohemia; eight Princes of Orange, and a numerous list of Princes, Electors, and Dukes of the first states in Europe. The habit and ensigns of this most noble order, are eminently distinguishable and magnificent, and con- sist of the following particulars, viz. the garter, mantle, surcoat, hood, George, and collar. The four first were assigned by the founder, and the George and collar by King Henry VIII. and all these together are called the whole habit of the order. 139 THE WINDSOR OIJ>K. The Garter, which as before mentioned, has the pre-eminence, as being that from which the order is de- nominated, is the first part of the habit presented to foreign princes and absent knights, who, and all other knights elect, arc therewith first adorned; and is of so great honour and grandeur, that by the bare inves- titure with this noble ensign, the knights arc esteemed companions of the greatest military order in the world. This noble ensign, the garter, which is worn on the left leg between the knee and calf, was so instituted by the founder at the erection of the order; and was to put in mind the companions, that as by their order they were joined in a firm league of-amity and concord, so by their garters, as by a fast tie of af- fection, they were obliged to love one another. And lest this strict combination might seem to have any other end than what was honourable and just, as to the said king's obtaining his kingdom in France, &c. he caused to be enamelled on the Garter, this motto, Iloni soil qui mal y penseEvil be to him thai evil thinks. THE WINDSOR GUIDE, 109 CEREMONIES OBSERVED At THE INSTALLATION OF THE Duke of Rutland, the Earl of Hardicicke, the DuKe of Beaufort, the Marquis of Abercorn, the Earl of Pembroke, and Montgomery, the Earl of Winchilsea; and Nottingham, and the Earl of Chesterfield, on the 23d day of April, 1805. JL HIS magnificent ceremony, which had strongly excited the public attention, was much enhanced in interest and value by the peculiar care bestowed upon it by our most Gracious Sovereign. The last Installation of KNIGHTS of the GARTER was on the 25th of July, 1771, but the vacancies by death in the Order were continued to be filled up as before. Upon the occasion of the Union with Ireland, His Majesty, on the 31st of January, 1801, issued his Royal Proclamation, for the purpose of investing the Knights elect with all the rights, privelegcs,&c. of the Order, as fully, and to all intents and purposes the same, as if they had been actually installed. The in. stantaneous effect of this measure was, that the Knights 140 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. elect, who had before only the privilege of wearing the Blue Ribon, the George, and the Garter, now assumed the Star. The Royal Dukes elect, however, must be exceptcd from this restriction. They have had always the privilege of wearing the Star along with the other insignia of the Order, from the time of their election. The Knights, who thus became completely invested without actual installation, by reason of the Roy at Proclamation in 1801, were the Dukes of Clarence, Kent, Cumberland, Sussex, Cam- bridge, Prince William of Gloucester, Dukes of Richmond, Devonshire, Baccleugh, Portland, and Northumberland; Marquisses Buckingham, Lansdowu Cornwallis, and Salisbury ; Earls Chatham, Carlisle, Westmoreland, Spencer, and Camden. The Knights elected since 1801, and who consequently had not enjoyed thebeneflt of the Proclamation, and had no* the honour of wearing all the insignia of the Order, were, the Dnke of Rutland, Earl of Hardwicke, Duke* of Beaufort, Marquis of Abercorn, Earls Pembroke, Winchilsca, and Chesterfield. The seniority and companionship of the Knights^ at the time of the before mentioned Installation is exhibited in the following Scheme of the Stails ; over these the banners and helmets of the knights are re- spectively displayed, Those with asterisms prefixed arc deceased. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 141 c 00 H C/5 H - H t: O DUKE OF CAM- BRIDGE. i. ^ DUKE OF _ S. c CUMBER- r ^ ^ ~~ LAND. _ a C i '-. .- j; - - ~ " fa - ^ _ 6- X DUKE OF _ / 5 C ~ ^ ^ \ _ /r C D - CLA- < _ * ^ ^ ~ - - ' ~ 7; L RENCE. 2 -- ^" ~ ~ 'r. " ai !Z ~ ~ x _ ' _ '~ c _ ~ b ' ij ^ "Z. ~^- ti ~ ? z ^ ' s _ &b X S. _^ - - ._ fcw ^ C - o 2 s C - - r. c 5 ~ 5 Sd. - ~ a - a- 2 _: __ - ^ - - < 142- THE WINDSOR GUIDE. On the morning of Installation, at ton o'clock, the Knights Companions, in the following complete habit of the Order, consisting of A black velvet plume, white ostrich feather?, and heron sprig 1 ; a purple velvet mantle, lined with white silk-; gold and purple cordons ; collar of the Order ; crimson velvet hood, and crimson velvet surcoat ; silver tissue jacket, and puffed bieeches; white silk pantaloons; white kid shoes; silver ?boe roses, and silver knee ditto, garter, 4c. See pages 137138 f The Officers of the Order in their mantles, the Knights elect in their under habits, iiaving their caps and feathers in (heir hands, and the Honourable Cap. tain Yorke, the Proxy of the Earl of Hadwicke, in Lis ordinary habit, attended the Sovereign in the royal apartment. The Officers of Arms, and the four Serjeants at Arms, with their Maces, attended in the Presence Chamber ; the Prebends, Poor and Naval Knights, as also the kettle drums and house trumpets, in the Guard Chamber. The Honourable Captain Yorke, Proxy for the Earl of Hardwickc, walked in the procession, dressed in his naval uniform. At eleven o'clock, a discharge of guns announced the Procession. The Sovereign coming under his State, Garter King of Arms called over the Knights; and a Pro. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. cession was made from the Royal Apartment, through the Presence and Guard Chambers ; the end of St. George's Hall ; the late Private Chapel : the passage leading to the great stairs ; descending which, through the Hall to the Great Court ; and from thence, to the South door of St. George's Chapel, in the follow- ing order : PROCESSION. Two Fife-Majors. Four Drum-Majors of the Household. Lamb, Esq. Drum-Major of England, uncorercd. Fourteen Trumpets. Two Trombones. Two side-Drums. AH in their state-dresses ; the trumpets playing the Jubilee and Installation Marches , alternately relieved by the drums and fifes. Six Naval Officers of T ravers' College, two and two. Eighteen Poor Knights of Windsor, two and two. Ten Prebends, two and two. Poursuivants and Heralds, two and two. Norroy (King at Arms,) Clarencieux (Ditto.) KNIGHTS ELECT, { Having their Caps and Feathers in their Hand) ; viz. Earl of Chesterfield. Earl of Winchilsea. Earl of Pembroke. Marquis of Abercora* Duke of Beaufort. Duke of Rutland. C.--1 144 Tire wrNDsoB KNIGHTS COMPANIONS; viz- ,- , C Camden. Earls 1 e Spencer, Westmoreland. Salisbury. Earl of Chatham. Duke of Devonshire. 15 i f Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, D. of Cambridge, Duke of Sussex, D. of Cumberland, Duke of Kent, Duke of Clarence, Duke of York, .. ^ Prince of Wales. The, Register (the Dean J , ^ | Having Garter King at Arms on his right, and Deputy Black Rod on his left hand. * The Chancellor with the Purse, Having on his right hand- the Prelate. Lord Chamberlain. The Sword of State THE SOVEREIGN. His Train born by the Marquisses of Worcester and Tavistock, and the Honourable Mr. Villiers. The Officers of State, vi*. The Earl of Harrington, Gold Stick. Marquis of Hertford, Master of the Horse. Earl Macclesficld, Captain of the Yeoman of th Guards. Lord St. Helen's, Lord in Waiting. Band of Gentlemen Pensioners, Ten of His Majesty's Pages, in a new uniform. The Chancellor bciug indisposed, the^Purse was carried by fcis locum tcnens. THE WISDSWJR GUIDE. 145 The morning being extremely fine, the spendour of t''c scene was considerably heightened by her Majesty, their Royal Highnesses the Princesses Elizabeth, Mary, Sophia, and Amelia; the Princess of Wales, and the Duchess of York, with a very considerable number of the Maids of Honour, and Ladies in Waiting, accompanying the Procession, followed by the Yeomen of the Guards. In this manner, moving to the Chapel, the Proces- sion entered the South door; * passed down the South Aisle, and up the centre or nave, then turning to the left proceeded op the North Aisle, to the Chapter.House ; the organ and band playing the March in ' Hercules;' the Naval and Poor Knights dividing on either side, at some distance from the Chapter-House ; then the Prebends, next above; and the Officers of Arms nearest to the Chapter-House. None entering with the Sovereign into the' Chap- ter-House, but the Knights Companions, and the sworn Officers of the order ; the Knights elect retired to their chairs in the Aisle behind the Altar. The Sovereign's train was carried info the Chapter-House by Garter; and borne out of the Chapter-House by Deputy Black Rod, and then again carried by the Train Bearers. * Her Majesty and the Princesses, with the Ladies above- mentioned entered at the East Door. J46 THE WINDSOR GUI DP. Deputy Black Rod, and the Register, not baring been sworn, remained in the Aisle, opposite to the Knights elect. The Sovereign and the Knights Companions, be- ing seated, the latter according to their seniority, and their stalls in the Chapel ; Garter acquainted His Majesty, that Robert Quanne, Esq. Deputy Black Rod, waited at the door and humbly prayed admit. tancR to take the oath of Office : and he being there- upon introduced by Garter, kneeled near the Sove- reign, on the left hand, when Garter, holding the Gospels, administered the oath. Deputy Black Rod having kissed the Sovereign's hand, retired to his place at the bottom of the table. Then Garter, in the absence of the Chancellor, (who was indisposed, ) acquainted His Majesty, that the Dean of Windsor, the Honourable and Reverend Doctor Edward Legge, attended at the door, and prayed admittance to take tht oath, as the Register of the Order. He was thereupon introduced by Garter and Deputy Black Rod; the latter carrying the En- signs of the Register's Office: the locum ten ens ad- ministered the oath; and Register being invested, and having kissed the Sovereign's hand, withdrew to feis place at the bottom of the table. Then, by the Sovereign's command, the Officer act- ing for the Chancellor standing on the left hand of THE WINDSOR 6UI0. 147 His Majesty, read the nevr statute. Which done, the Register returned to his place. XJarter then, by the Sovereign's command, in. troduced the Duke of Rutland between two Knights, *iz. their Royal Highnesses the Dukes of York and Clarence, who was received at the door by the two Junior Knights, and conducted to the table, where the surcoat, girdle, and sword had been placed: and Garter presenting the surcoat to the two Senior Knights, they invested his Grace therewith, the Re. gister reading this admonition: -* Take this robe of crimson, to the increase of your honour, and in token and sign of the Mo=t Noble Order yon have re- ceived, wherewith you being defended, may be bold not only ttrong to fight, but also to offer yourself to shed your blood for Christ's faith, the liberties of the Church, and the just and ne- cessary defence of them who are oppressed and needy. Then Garter presented the girdle in like manner, and afterwards the sword, which they put on his Grace, who then took his place near the table. Garter then introduced the Honourable Captain Yorke, the Proxy for the Earl of Hardwicke, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and Knight elect of the Order, who stood at his Excellency's place near the table, between Their Royal Highnesses the Dukes of Cum. berlaad and Kent. 148 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. Garter then introduced the Duke of Beaufort, be- tween two Knights, viz. their Royal Highnesses the Dukes of Sussex and Cambridge. Garter then introduced the Marquis of Abercom, between two Knights, viz. their Royal Highnesses the Dukes of Gloucester, and Prince William of Gloucester. Garter then introduced the Earl of Pembroke, be- tween two Knights, viz. the Duke of Devonshire, and the Earl of Chatham. Garter then introduced the Earl of Winchilsea, be- tween two Knights, viz. the Marquis of Salisbury, and the Earl of Westmoreland. Garter then introduced the Earl of Chesterfield, between two Knights, viz. Earls Spencer and Camdcn; who were severally invested with the surcoat, girdle* and sword, with the like ceremonies as in the case o* the Duke of Rutland, and the Proxy of the Earl ef Hardwicke. The Knights elect and the 'Proxy continued in the Chapter-House, while the procession to the Chapel was made down to the bottom of the North Aisle and up the Nave, into the Choir, in the following order: First, the Naval, and Poor Knights, who, coming into the Choir, made their reverences, first to the THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 149 AKar, then to the Sovereign's Stall, and placed thenu selves, on each side, near the Altar. The Prebends made their reverences in like man. ner, and went to their places under the Stalls. The Officers of Arms, making their reverences, stood next to the Poor Knights. Then the Knights Companions, each in the OrJer In which he had walked, made their reverences, and retired under their banners, where they remained standing. The Register, Garter, and Deputy Black Rod, making their reverences together, stood before thew form. The Prelate and Chancellor did the same. The Sword of Slate, with the Lord Chamberlain on his left hand ("the Sovereign being seated), stood on the steps before, or under the Sovereign's Stall. The Sovereign made one reverence to the Altar ; and, being in his Stall, repeated the same; the Train Bearers standing upon the steps leading to the Sovereign's Stall. * Names of the Canons who walked in the Procession : Dr. Duval, Dr. Ilallam, Dr. Dodsworth, Dr. Cookson, Mr. Northey, Dr. Heath, Mr. Champagne, Mr. Busby, Mr. Long, Dr. Marsham. Neither Dr. Lockman, nor Dr. Langford, (he other two Cano* Velonginj to the College, attended. w J50 THE WIKDSOR Garter then went into the middle of the .Choir, and making his double reverence, wared his Sceptre to- wards his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales; who, thereupon came from under his banner, made his reverences, and ascended into his Stall; where, re. peating his reverences, he sat down. AH the other Knights continued standing under their banners. The Prelate was conducted to the Altar by the Verger of St. George's Chapel ; and the two Prebends, by the same Verger. OFFERING OF TBE ATCHIEVEMENTS. Then Garter, with the usual reverences, the organ and band playing the ' Dead March, in SaulJ and * Dirge, in Sampson,' took up the banner of His Serene Highness the late Duke of Saxe Gotha; and fcolding it up, the Provincial Kings of Arms joined, and making their reverences, repaired to the two senior Knights ; who thereupon joined, making their reverences together, and received the banner from Garter, which they carried, the point foremost, a little declining; and being preceded by the said Pro- vincial Kings of Arms, advanced to the first step of the Altar, where they repeated their reverences; and coming to the rails, made one reverence to the Altar ; then kneeling, they delivered the banner to the Pre- late, who, assisted by the Prebends, placed it upright at the Suth end of the Altar. THE WINDSOR UIDE. 151 The two Knights then returned with like reverence, and stood under their banners. The sword was then delivered by Garter to Qie two next senior Knights ; who, attended by the said Provincial Kings of Arms, offered the same, the hilt upwards, with like ceremonies. The helm and crest were offered by the two next Senior Knights, with the same ceremony, attended by the said Provincial Kings of Arms. The achievements of the late Marquis of Stafford", of the late Duke of Beaufort, and the late Duke of Roxburgh, were offered with the same ceremonies, by the six senior Knights, not of the Blood Royal, attended each time by two Heralds, in rotation. Then Garter, bowing to each Knight (the senior first) summoned him to ascend into his stall; when. he made his references, and the same were repeated when in the stalls. All the Knights being in their stalls, Garter sum- moned the two senior Knights under their banners, in order to install the Duke of Rutland ; and a pro. cession was made to the Chapter House, all making the usual reverences, on going out of the Choir, in the following order: Naval Knights, two and two. Poor Knights, two and two. Officers of Arms. Deputy Black Rod The Register. Garter. H2 152 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. The two Knights, went into the Chapter House ; from whence they returned to the Choir in the fol- lowing order : Na?al Knights, two and two. Poor Knights, two and tw. Officers of Arms. S Garter, "\ The Register, carrying, on a cu-> carrying in his hand, shion, the mantle, C the New Testament, hood, great collar, & 1 and the forms of the book of statutet. J oath & ndmonitioiu. The two Knights, having the Duke of Rutland between them, his Grace was habited in his surcoat, and girt with his sword, and carried his cap and feathers in his hand. The Procession, passing to the West end of the Choir only, entered the Choir, all making the usual reverences; Garter, with the Register and Deputy Black Rod, went under the stall appointed for his Grace; Garter placing the cushion upon the desk of the lower Stall. The two Knights, with the Duke, entered into the lower stall, where the Register administered the fol- lowing oath, Deputy Black Rod holding the Gospels : ' Tou being chosen to be one of the honourable company of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, shall promise and swear, by the Holy Evangelists, by you here touched, that wittingly, TUB WINDSOR GUIDE. 153 and willingly you shall not break any statute of the said Order, crany article in them contained, unless you shall have first received a dispensation from the Sovereign, the same being agreeable, and not repugnant to the will of God and the laws of the realm, as far forth as to you belongcth and appertaineth, so help you God and his Holy Word.' The two Kuights then conducted his Grace into the upper Stall ; the Register and Garter entering into the lower Stall ; the Deputy Black Rod remaining in the area. Garter then presented the Mantle to the Knight? who invested his Grace therewith, the Register read- ing the following admonition : 4 Receive this robe of hcavenlv colour, the livery of this most excellent Order, in augmentation of thy honour, ennobled with the shield and red cross of our Lord, by whose power thou mayest safely pierce troops of thine enemies, and be over them ever victorious ; and being in this temporal warfare glorious in egre- gious and heroic actions, thou mayest obtain eternal and triumphant joy. Next Garter presented the Hood, which was put on orer his Grace's right shoulder, the ends of the tippets being brought in front, and passed under the girdle. Then Garter presented the Great Collar and George, with which the Knights invested the Duke, whilst the Register read this admonition * Wear this Collar about thy neck, adorned with the image f the blessed Martyr and Soldier in Christ, St. George, by 113 154 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. whose imitation provoked, thou mayest so o'erpass both pros- perous and advtr.-e encounters, that having stoutly vanquished thine enemies, both of body and soul, thou mayest not only sur- vive this transient combat, but be crowned with palms of eternal victory.' Garter then presented the Statute-book, which th Knights delivered to his Grace; and then placing the cap and feathers on his head, they seated him in his Stall ; and his Grace rising up, made his double re- Terence, viz. first to the Altar, then to the Sovereign : the Knights, after embracing and congratulating him, descended into the middle of the Choir, and making their reverences, vent up into their Stalls, and re- peating the same, sat down j the officers returning to their places. Then Garter summoned the two Knights next ia seniority, in order to instal the Honourable Captain Yorke, the Proxy for the Earl of Hardwicke; who "was thereupon conducted, with the same ceremony, into the Stall under that appointed for his Principal, where the Register administered to him the oath. He was then conducted into the upper Stall; and the Mantle being presented by Garter, the Knights put the same over his left arm, so that the cross, em- broidered within the Garter, might be seen. They then seated the said Proxy in the Stall, with the ceremony as before-mentioned : and returned to their Stalls; the Proxy, immediately risiug, made his re- THE WINDSOR GUIDTJ. 155 Terences, and remairfed standing during the fest of the Ceremony, with the Mantle on his arm. The Duke of Beaufort, the Marquis of Abercorn, the Earl of Pembroke, the Earl of Winchilsea, and the Earl of Chesterfield, were severally introduced and installed, in the same manner as the Duke of Rutland, and by the same Knights respectively, who introduced them into the Chapter House. The Knights thus installed, Divine Service began ; which was the same with that used in St. George's Chapel on the Obiit Sundays ; except that no Sermon w..s preached. Proper Psalms, the 21st, 146th and 147th. First Lesson, 44th Chapter of Ecclesiasticus. Te Deum, composed by GIBBONS. Second Lesson, llth Chapter of the Epistles to the Jlebrezss. The Anthem, a celebrated composition of Handel, selected for the occasion by His MAJESTY, from Psalm the 21st, was sung at the conclusion of the first service ; the words are as follow : Chorus The King shall rejoice in thy Strength, O Lord. Verse Exceeding glad shall he be of thy Salvation. Chorus Glory and great Worship hast theu laid upon him. H4 1J6 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. Thou hast presented him with the Blessings of goodness* and hast set a Crown of pure Gold upon his head. Full Chorus Hallelujah. Communion Service Kyrie Eleeson, by Dr. Child. OFFERING. At the words of the ofiertory, * Let your Light so shine, &c. the organ and band playing the Air in * BERENICE,' the Officers of the Wardrobe spread a carpet on the steps of the Altar; and Deputy Black Rod, making his obeisances, went up to the rails of the Altar, on the right side: where he re- ceded from the Yeoman of the Wardrobe, a rich carpet and cushion, which, with the assistance of the Yeoman, he laid down for the Sovereign to kneel upon. In the mran time, Garter summoned the Knight* from their Stalls, beginning with the- junior; each Knight making his reverence in his Stall, and repeat- ing the same, with his companion, in the Choir, re- tired under his banner. AH the Knights standing thus under their banners, and the Prelate at the Altar to receive the Offerings, the Sovereign, making his reverence to the Altar, descended from his Stall ; and then making another THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 157 reverence in the middle of the Choir, proceeded to the Offering in the following order : Garter. The Register. The Chancellor. The Lord Chamberlain. The Sword of State. THE SOVEREIGN. His Majesty's Train, borne as before. The senior Knight, not of the Blood Royal, being the Knight appointed to deliver the offering to the Sovereign, made his reverence as the Procession passed ; and thereupon, placed himself a little behind His Majesty, on the right side. The Sovereign, coming to the rails of the Altar, made a reverence; M-hen Deputy Black Rod, on his knee, delivered the Offering to the Knight, who de- livered it to the Sovereign; and his Majesty, taking off his cap and feathers, put the Offering into the bason, held by the Prelate, assisted by the Prebends. The Sovereign, rising, made his reverence to the Altar ; and, retiring, another in the middle of the Choir; all the attendants, turning as His Majesty did, and making their reverences at the same time, and, being in his stall, another. The Knight, Mho de- livered the offering, retired under his banner, when the Procession came opposite the same. H5 158 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. During the Sovereign's return, the Officers of the Wardrobe removed the carpet and cushion whereon His Majesty had kneeled; leaving the first carpet, and placing two cushions for the Knights; and Deputy Black Rod, with the usual reverences, returning to his place. AH the Knights standing under their banners, the Provincial Kings of Arms joined with usual reverences, and went to His Royal Highness the Prince of V. ales ; who, in the middle of the Choir, made his double reverence, viz. first to the Altar, then to the Sovereign, and was conducted to the Altar ; where, taking off his cap, and making another reverence, he kneeled, and offered gold and silver into Ihc bason ; and, returning in the same Order, went into his Stall ; where he made his reverences, and sat down. Then two Officers of Arms attended the two next Knights in seniority, being companions; who offered in like manner; aud so on, till all the Knights and the Proxy, either singly, or in pairs, had offered, and ascended into their Stalls. N.B. The Provincial Kings of Arms attended those Knights who were of the Blood Royal ; and the senior Heralds in rota- tion, the other Knights Companions. Divine Service being ended, the Prelate was con. ducted to his seat, by tha Verger of St. George's Chapel.* * It was past five o'clock before the Ceremony was finished. THE WINDSOR GCIDK. 159 RETURN. Garter then summoned the Knights under their banners, juniors first ; when done, The Naval and Poor Knights joined, made their reverences, and went out of the Choir ; as did the Prebends; the Officers of Arms ; the Knights; and the Officers of the Order. The Lord Chamberlain and the Sword of State, preceded the Sovereign as before. The Procession moved down the Nave to the great West door of the Chapel, up the South Aisle, and, out at the South door, to the Upper Castle. But the Proxy went in the Procession no farther than the South Door ; where the mantle of his Principal was delivered to the Sexton. The drums and trumpets continued in the Proces- sion until the return to the King's Guard Chamber. 'The Naval and Poor Knights, and Prebends, filed off on either side in the Guard Chamber. The Officers of Arms, and the four Serjeants at Arms, in the Presence Chamber. The Knights Companions divided on cither side in the Royal Apartment. The Sovereign, having the Officers of the Order before him, went under the State, where he saluted the Knights by pulling off his cap, and then retired . till dinner time. 160 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. DINNER. When the first Service was placed on the Tables of the Sovereign and Knights, the Knights and Officers, being in their Order, in the Presence Chamber, as be. fore, and His Majeity under the State; a Procession was made to St. George's iiall, in the following order : The Officers of Anns. The Knights, in their Order, according to their Stalls. The Officers of the Order. The Lord Chamberlain. The Sword of State. THE SOVEREIGN. The Officers of Arms divided at the lower end of the Hall ; the Knights above them in a line according to their seniority (the Senior nearest the State^ who took off their caps and feathers as the Sovereign passed. The Officers of the Order proceeded before the Sovereign to the Haut-Pas, and then went behind the Knights. The Sovereign, being under his State, saluted the Knights ; and the Prnces of the Blood Royal ascended the Haut-pas, and stood at the ends of the table; the Prince of Wales on His Majesty's right hand, and the other Princes of the Blood according to their rank. Grace being said by the Prelate, the Sovereign sat down. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 161 Then the Knights put on their caps ; and were conducted by the Officers of Arms to the table, the Seniors first passing up from the lower end, and taking their places according to their seniority. The Proxy of the Earl of Hardwicke took his place be- low the Junior Knight. Towards the latter end of the first course a large gilt cup being brought to the Sovereign by the Cup Bearer, His Majesty drank to the Knights; who being, at His Majesty's command, informed of the same by Garter, stood up uncovered, altogether pledged the Sovereign, then sat down, and put on their caps. The second course was then brought in as follows : Four Serjeants at Arms, with their maces, two and two, Comptroller and Treasurer of the Household, together, with their white staves, The Sewer, Gentlemen Pensioners, bearing the dishes, Two Clerks of the Green Cloth, The Clerk Comptroller A Clerk of the Kitchen. Immediately after, Garter, attended by all the Officers of Arms, advanced from the lower end of the Hall, with the usual reverences, to the Haut- Pas ; and, ascending the lower step, and crying 1 LargesseJ thrice, proclaimed the Sovereign's styte in Latin, French and English. 162 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. The Officers of Arms then retired backwards, with the usual reverences. Garter, and the Officers of Arms, then cried 4 Largesse,' thrice. Then Garter bowed to the Duke of Rutland, who standing up uncovered, Garter with one * Largesse, 1 proclaimed his Grace's style, in English. Garter, and tie Officers of Arms, then cried ' Largctse,' once. In like manner, Garter proclaimed the Styles of the Karl of JIardwicke; the Duke of Beaufort; the Marquis of Abercorn ; the Karl of Pembroke ; the Karl of Winchilsea ; and the Earl of Chesterfield. The Banquet was afterwards brought up to the Sovereign's table with the same ceremony as the second course. Dinner being ended, the Knights placed themselves in a line, as before dinner ; and grace being said by the Prelate ; and the Sovereign having washed ; the Knights altogether made their reverences to His Majesty, who put off his cap, and saluted them. i Then the Knighti and Officers returned to the Presence Chamber, before the Sovereign, in the same order in 'which they came from thence. At the upper, or East end of St. George's Hall, where the painting of King William the Third used to. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 163 form a conspicuous ornament, a music gallery had been recently erected, richly carved and gilt. Under the centre of this was the royal throne, covered with crimson velvet, embroidered with gold, and surmounted with a light elegant canopy of the same materials, and having, on each side, seats for the Knights Companions of the Blood Royal. In front of this was placed the table at which His Majesty dined, accompanied by all the Princes of the Blood, habited in the full Robes of the Order. To the right of the Sovereign's table, or on the North side of the hall, was placed a long table, at which the Knights dined in their installation dresses- On the South side was a long gallery erected for the reception of spectators, and covered with scarlet cloth. There were several benches, for a similar accommodation underneath it, behind the side tables, which were set for the service of the Knights' table. Her Majesty and the Princesses occupied the gallery at the West end, supported by the Caryatides, and fronting the throne. Entertainments were also given in the Castle to the Nobility and Gentry, and Military Officers, exclusive of the Knights' banquet in St. George's Hall. We shall briefly notice the chief of them; that in the Queen's Audience Chamber contained three tables* set out in the most beautiful variety and taste, for the 16* THE WINDSOR GUIDE. Ladies. The Dowager Marchioness of Bath, Ladies Cardigan and Ilarcourt, did the honors to the Queen's guests. The Queen dined with the female branches of the Royal Family, in another apartment. In Her Majesty's Presence Chamber were two tables, decorated with a variety of military trophies, emblematical and allegorical devices of the four Naval Victories, viz. Lord Nelson's Battle of the Nile, Lord Howe's First of June, Lord Duncan's Campcrdown and Earl St. Vincent's, off St. Vincent ; with excellent likenesses of the four Admirals. The Lord Cham* berlain, and Lord Steward of the Household presided. In the apartment lately fitted up, on the right of the entrance fronting the Round Tower, was a long table, decorated with lofty colonnades in white and gold, and enriched with Stars and Georges, and an cques. trian statue of His Majesty in the centre, under a beautiful cupola. The Earls of Uxbridge and Paulct presided. The apartment called the King's Library, contained three tables, laid principally for the General Officers, and Officers of the Guards, who came to Windsor on duty on this occasion. At the heads of these were Generals Gwynne, Manners, and Fitzroy. Besides those already mentioned, was a table for the Canons of Windsor and their friends. THE WINDSOR GUI1>E. 165 Numerous other tables were furnished, in various parts of the. Castle; bat these we shall pass over, to notice those placed in the Court Yard for the populace. According to tradition, even at Windsor, all the fragments that formerly came from the Knights' table, together with the dishes, plates, table cloths, &c. &c. were all given to the populace. This story, whether founded or not, had filled the minds of the common people, and determined them to join in the scramble ', and, perhaps they Averc the more eager, as they might have learnt that on the present occasion nine long tables were fixed round the lawn, in the quadrangle fiouting St. George's Hall, on which the fragment* were to be placed. They had also been informed that the Baron of Beef had been roasted, and accord, ingly formed themselves into detachments, or parties, to bear off this highly honoured dish in triumph. Long before the Knights had dined, they began to assemble on the outside of the gates, fronting the Queen's Lodge, and continued to increase in great numbers. Many persons who had pass-tickets, were anxious to get within the Castle to see the scramble; but their tickets were of no avail, the gates remaining closely shut till day-light had nearly closed. The instant the gates were thrown open, the crowd rushed in like a torrent, in pursuit of their booty. The objects they were most bent on, seem to have been the Baron, or the dishes ; such as could not obtain these, seized the spoons or table cloths; and those ItfC THE WINDSOR GUIBE. who apprehended total disappointment, committed violence on the tables; so that in less than five minutes after the gates were opened, the whole was entirely carried off. The hopes even of the most sue. cessful, were disappointed, for thty had fondly imagined to find silver instead of pewter. In the evening her Majesty had a Drawing Room, which commenced about nine o'clock, and after that there was a Ball in the King's Guard Chamber. Having given the Ceremonials of this splendid and most noble Order, we beg to offer a few particulars relative to the accommodations, and regulations ob- served on the occasion. In various parts of St. George's Chapel, galleries were erected and seats assigned for spectators. On the right of the Altar was a gallery for the Queen and 1'rincesses, and the Ladies immediately belonging to the Court. On the opposite side there was a gallery for the Lord Chamberlain, the Officers af State, the foreign Ambassadors, and Ladies of distinction. Jin. mediately behind this, in the South Aisle, was another gallery; scats were also erected in the Organ Loft. There were likewise six rows of seats on each side of the Nave of the Chapel, seventy. six feet in length, each gradually ascending above the other, for th TflE WINDSOR GCIDl. 161 accommodation of at least six hundred persons. The price of admission to these several places -was as follows : * The Seats, or Gallery within the Choir, .6 6 In the South Aisle 440 The Organ Loft 440 The Nave of the Chapel 220 In the Castle Yard, stands, the same as are used at race. courses, were erected by the King's Carpenter and Joiner; the admission tickets to which were half a guinea each. In addition to these, the Gunner of tiio Castle had the privilege of permitting persons to Hand oil a certain part of the Battlements ; for this he received Five Shillings from each person. The windows and leads of the houses, all round the Castle, vet-e crowded with a multitude of spectators, who procured admission by Pass Tickets from the Board of Green Cloth. These Tickets were for different parts of the Castle, and were expressed as follow : e Pass to the Round Tower.' ' Pass and Repass to the Chapel and Lower Court only.' ; ' Pass to the Chapel and Lower Court only.' * Pass and Repass to and from Windsor Castle and the Queen's Lodge.* * Pass and Repass to the Lower Court only/ If we calculate upon the number of these Pass Tickets that were issued, and those of admissioa to 1<# THE WINDSOR 6l'Nl. the Chapel, with a very moderate allowance for such as found other means of passing, we may conclude that upwards of eight thousand persons were within the gates, exclusive of the military, which consisted of the Ko\ al Horse Guards, blue, and the flank com- panies of the three First Regiments of Foot Guards. The former were posted within the Castle, and formed in single files on each side of the grand staircase, along the passage, and the late private Chapel, to the entrance of St. George's Hall, for the procession to puss through. The Foot Guards were placed round the Court Yard, and on each side of the malting laid down from the CasUe to St. George's Chapel, fur the procession to walk on. Various orders were Issued for regulating the passing ef carriages, to which the Military and Police enforced a strict observance, so that not a single accident, or the least confusion occurred the whole day. It was observed, by a periodical writer of 1805, in speaking of the Installation, that, ' No cere- mony can be, from the nature of the Institution, and the circumstances of its foundation, so well calculated to cherish that chivalrous spirit, that ' cheap defence of nations,' which burned in the breast of our ancestors, and fired them to deeds of martial glory. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 169 * Its revival, therefore, at a moment of danger, like the present, is not only requisite to the splendour which should adorn the Fountain of Honour, but it is an act of sound policy. It is not only calculated to preserve a high sense of honour and delicacy, in the breast of our nobility, and to inspire an elevated idea of their rank and importance, but also to fan the flame of loyalty and patriotism, which pervades every class of His Majesty's subjects.' KNIGHTS OF THE GARTER, DECEMBER 1814. The SOVEREIGN Prince of Wales, Regent Emperor of Russia Emperor of Austria "King of Prussia King of France King of Spain Sov. Pr. of Netherlands Duke of York D. of Clarence Duke of Kent Duke of Cumberland Duke of Sussex Duke of Cambridge Duke of Gloucester Elector of Hesse Earl of Carlisle Earl Spencer Marquis Camden Duke of Rutland Earl of Hardwicke Duke of Beaufort Marquis of Abercorn Earl of Pembroke Earl of Winchilsea Earl of Chesterfield Marquis of Stafford Earl of Lonsdale Marquis of Hertford Marquis Wellesley Duke of Richmond Duke of Montrose 170 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. Duke of Marlborough Earl Moira D. of Northumberland Duke of Newcastle Earl of Chatham Duke of Wellington Marquis of Salisbury Earl of Liverpool Earl of Westmorland Viscount Castlereagh Hon. and Right Rev. Dr. Brownlow North, Bishop of Winchester, Prelate of the Order. Right Rev. Dr. John Fisher, Bishop of Salisbury, Chancellor. Hon. and Rev. Edward Legge, Dean of Windsor, Registrar. Sir Isaac Heard, Knt. Garter Principal King at Arms. Sir T. Tyrwhitt, Knt. Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod. Robert Quariue, Esq. Deputy. THE WINDSOR GUIDE, OF A KNIGHT COMPANION. The Degradation of a Knight Companion, accord- ing to the second article of King Henry VHIth's statutes, is to be inflicted on all those who shall be found guilty of Heresy, Treason, or flying from Battle. When a Knight Companion is found guilty of any of these offences, and is in the dominions of the Sore. reign, he is usually degraded at the ensuing chapter ; and the Sovereign having acquainted the Knights Com. panions with his intention to have the ceremony per- formed, he commands Garter to attend such of them* as are appointed to go to the convict Knight, who in a solemn manner, first take from him his George and ribband, and then his garter. And at the following feast of St. George, (or sooner, if the Sovereign^p- point) publication of his crimes and degradation is made by Garter, and a warrant issued out to him for taking down the achievements of the Knight, which is performed as follows : First, Garter, in his coat of arms, nsaally before morning prayer, standing in the middle of the choir in St. George's Chapel, the officers of arms standing about him, and the Black Rod also present, reads aloud the, instrument for publishing the Knight's de 172 THE WINDSOR GUIDl. gradation. This being read, the deputed Herald being placed on the back of the stall of the convict Knight, when Garter pronounces these words : ' Be expelled and put from among the arms, &c.' takes his crest, and Tiolently casts it down into the choir, and after, wards his banner and sword ; and when the publica- tion is read out, All the officers at arms spurn the atchicvcmcnts oat of the choir into the body of the church, first the sword, secondly the banner, and lastly the crest ; so on, out of the west door, thence through the castle-gate, from whence they are thrown into the castle ditch. At a chapter held 32d Henry VIII. it was deter- mined, that wheresoerer the actions and names of such offenders should be found in the books of the Order, these words, * Vah Proditor,' should be written in the margin, as a mark of ignominy, by which means the Registers would be preserved fair, aad not defaced by erasements. The last Knight who was thus degraded, was the Puke of Ormond, Anno I. George I. for acting in concert with th French General. fHE WINDSOR GUIDE. 173 CHAP. VIII. OF THE ROYAL LODGES, PARK, &c. \VlNDSOR is not more renowned for being the seat of Royalty, than on account of its delightful situation ; the beauties of which appeared so striking to a 'Royal Personage, on her first visit to this place, that she is said to hare exclaimed, this is a pulace indeed! '' Adjoining to the Park, and opposite the south side of the Castle, is a neat modern built mansion, named the Queen's Lodge ; and a little to the south-west of this, is 'another spacious building, which formerly be- longed to the Duke of St. Alban's ; but having been purchased and repaired by his present Majesty, and forming a part of tho royal residence, is now denomi- nated the Lower Lodge. These buildings command a pleasing prospect over the Parks and the neighbouring country, and contain many elegant apartments ; how- ever, as they are not shewn to the. public, a descrip- tion of them is not only unnecessary, but might perhaps be thought improper; we shall therefore only presume to point out one article, and that on account of its originality. In the beginning of the year 1780, a cieling was affixed up in tbe drawing-room of the Queen's Lodge, I 174 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. by an artist by the name of Haas, of a peculiar and novel art, to which no name has yet been applied ; but the figures are in imitation of, and hare all the force and effect of the best oil painting ; with this great advantage, that the various groupcs of figures may be distinctly seen at any point of view. Only one simple article is used by the artist, which is stained marble dust; this is strewed with a piece of card, cither on board or canvass. The composition of, as well as the manner of using the cement, is known only to the artist himself, which, upon trial, has been proved to resist the various changes of the weather. The cieling consists of several subjects. In the cen. tre, in an oval, is genius reviving the arts ; in the four corners arc agriculture, manufacture, commerce, and riches, depicted by emblematical figures in the different rocations, with the symbols of the several sciences. The intermediate compartments, arc in imitation of bass relief, and arc representations of astronomy, navigation, electricity, geography, fortification, gun. nery, chemistry, and botany; the whole is beautifully ornamented with festoons of oak leaves, interspersed with roses, lilies and thistles, the arms of the royal family, &c. This is the first production of the artist) c xcept some few portraits, in which he has been tolerably successful. The subjects of the cieling are from the designs of Benjamin West, Esq. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 17-3 The LITTLE PARK, which extends round the north and east sides of the castle, is a beautiful lawn, com- puted to be four miles in circumference, and contains about 500 acres of land. This Park was enlarged and enclosed by a brick wall, in the reign of King William III. and is admired for its shad/ walks and natural beauties. A delightful plain, OR the top of the hill, was coti. verted into a bowling-green, by King Charles II.; but its eminence rendering the view from the east side of the Terrace somewhat confined, it has been consider- ably lowered, by order of his present most gracious Majesty ; and the earth taken from the summit of the plain, spread on the declivity of the hill, which is planted with various kinds of forest trees, and the whole enclosed with a neat park paling. This Park, on the north eide of the castle, was laid out for a garden, by order of Queen Ann, but on that Princess's death, the design was laid aside, it being thought that the beauties of nature here render all the decorations of art unnecessary ; the beds, parterres, &;c. laid out by her lato Majesty, have all been levelled, and the whole formed into a spacious lawn. Previous to the latter end of the year 1785, numerous herds of deer wer kept in the park ; but since that time it has been stocked with sheep, and cattle of various denomi- nations ; yet there art- still some deer retnaiaing, aud 176 T41E WINDSOR plenty of hares, which occasionally afforded iiu Majesty the diversion of coursing. The Ranger's lodge, at the south-east side of the Park, formerly the residence of the late Earl of Pomfret, when ranger, is a regular and well. built edifice. Gen. Grenville is the present ranger, but the Lodge is retained by the King ; contiguous to which is the Royal Dairy. Near this, on the opposite side of the road, is FROGMORE, \nhere there is an elegant mansion, which formerly was the seat of Sir Edward Walpole, and lately that of Mrs. Egerton. This estate, being held under a lease from the crown, which was nearly expired, the Queen, in 1792, became the purchaser of it : and since then has made very considerable additions, both to the house and gardens : the latter have been enlarged by the addition of those formerly belonging to a house that some years since was the seat of Mrs. Macartney, and which, at various times, had been the residence of many respectable families. This, having likewise been pur- chased by her Majesty, was taken down in 1793, to give a more ample scope for improvements, and which have been continually added, from that to the present period ; so that what was wanting in extent, and n#- ture, is now compensated by art. The gardens being bounded on the north-east by the Little Park, on the south by Cooper't-llill, and on the west by the Great THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 177 Park, the views from them are rather rural than grand of picturesque. The grounds are not extensive, and previous to their being in the possession of Her Ma- jesty, were a dead flat, without any thing worthy of being called a piece of water. These disadvantages are nearly overcome, and the eye of the spectator is agreeably relieved by the pleasing" variety of mourift, glades, serpentine walks, and canals ; with bridges, and other erections at suitable intervals, which are denominated the Gothic Temple ; the Ruin ; the Hermitage; the Temple of Solitude j and the Hall of general -FeU-city.- We have presumed to give the above sketch, with a wish to gratify, rather than excite the curiosity of the reader ; as these gardens are set apart for the pri- vate retirement of the Royal Family ; except at the FtUes given here to the nobility and persons of dis- tinction- On such occasions tickets have been given, to the neighbouring gentry, as also to persons in the middle spheres of life, to admit them to a sight of these festivities, and to partake of tea, and other re- freshments, which Her Majesty had been graciously pleased to order to be provided. The first F^tc given here, to which the public were admitted, was on the 19th of Mar, 1795, in honour of Her Majesty's Birth-day. The Royal Family and nobility dined on the lawn, in front of the lodge, under magnificent tents, presented to His Majesty by 13 178 TBE WINDSOR QUInf. tJorcrnor Hastings. In various parts of the gardens were placed different groupes of characters ; as hay- makers, dancers, theatrical and vocal performers, with a troop of equestrians, and their usual associates, tumblers. What added yet farther to the hilarity and variety of the scene, was the representation of a Dutch wake. This consisted of thirteen neat booths, erected in the form of a semicircle, which were fur- nished with toys, trinkets, &c. For these no price was demanded, but boxes being placed on the stall of each booth, every one was left to deposit what they thought proper for the articles they took, and the money, thus collected, Mas afterwards given to th poor. ' lit front of ilip Uoethi rapeciMy VVHI ami under It a* apposite stanza. We give tht ag FIRST BOOTH The Standard. Where'er the British Standard ware* on high The Paths of Glory open lo the bold : lli-rr then approach, nor dread our wares to buy, But court (he good which Fortune may uufuld. SETEXTH BOOTH White Cross under a Croicn. .Blest is the King, who on the solid base Of pure Religion builds his upright sway, "VY ho tempers Human Power with Heavenly Grace, Anil points to all bis People virtue'* way. WINDSOR GCIDE. 179 THIRTEENTH BOOTH Tfa Prince's Feathers. Trophy of worth, in CRESST'S Field obtain".!, And since bj England's Heir triumphant worn ! tong may thy unstain'd Honour be maintain'd, And reap new fame from Princes jet unborn. About nine o'clock the Royal Family and the nobi- lity withdrew to the Castle, and the spectators retired from the gardens, highly gratified with the brilliancy of the spectacle, and the amusements of the day. Another Fete was given here by her Majesty, on the 23d of May, 1797, in honour of the marriage of her Royal Highness the Princess Royal of England' with his Serene Highness the Hereditary Prince of Wirtemberg. On this occasion, as on the former, the gracious benignity of Her Majesty was displayed, in causing tickets to be given to as many persons as could well be admitted, without creating that confusion and disappointment which ever results from the assembling of an immense multitude. The amusements at this, were somewhat similar to those at the preceding fete, with the exception of the Dutch Wake, and some few other particulars. The nobility and gentry were regaled with a third fte, on the 8th of August, 1799; and with a fourth, on the 14th of July, 1 800. At the former of these, the recovery of her Royal Highness the Princess Amelia ^ras celebrated, in a brilliant display cf transparencies j 14 189 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. representing the goddess Hygcia, and her attributes, as well as by some poetical recitals. At the latter, the happy escape of His Majesty from the horrid at- tempt of an assassin, at Drury -lane Theatre, May 15, 1800, was commemorated; and a suitable Address, written by a Lady of distinction, was delivered by a theatrica) person, in the character of a British Soldier. On both of these occasions, the entcrtairfments ccu eluded with a ball, in an open building, erected for the purpose, with galleries at each angle, for the accommo- dation of spectators. This buUding was usually called the Barn, probably from its being thatched; but, which, on account of the happiness we saw pervade every description of persons here assembled, we have denominated the Hall of General, Felipify. The Great Park lies on the south side of the town, and opens by a very noble road, called the Long Walk; on each side of which is a double plantation of stately frees, to the summit of a delightful hill, called Snow. Hill, at near three miles distance from the entrance ; 1his leads to the Ranger's lodge, formerly the seat of his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland, and also of the late Duke William of Cumberland, to whom it was given, in the year 174-4. The last-mentioned Duke greatly improved the natural beauties of this delightful park, by large plantations of trees, extensive lawns, new roads, and spacious canals, which have rendered this villa an habitation worthy of a Prince. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 181 In various parts of the Park, considerable farms were made, by order of his present Majesty, which are severally named after the agricultural experiments tried at them ; viz. one is called the Norfolk, another the Suffolk, and a third the Flemish Farm ; at each of which respectively, the particular mode of culture, peculiar to each country, was practised during the time they were held by His Majesty. They are now let to different farmers, who adopt such modes of culture as they conceive most conducive to their interest. The Suffolk, or Shrub's Hill Farm, is let to Mr. Frost ; the Norfolk, to Mr. Hatch ; and the Flemish, to Mr. Perkins. The Lodge, called Cumberland Lodge, from its having been the scat of William, named the Great Duke of Cumberland, is situated in a delightful part of the Park, about three miles from the town of Windsor; it is a large substantial building, but not possessing any architectural beauties ; it is said to be in contemplation to rebuild the greater part of it. In the mean time, 4he Cottage, formerly the resi- dence of the Deputy Ranger, has been enlarged and fitted up in a style of splendour, for the occasional residence of the Prince Regent. About a mile from this, is Cranbourne Lodge, formerly belonging, to His Royal Highness the Duke of Gloucester, as Lord Warden of the Forest. It is now the favoured abode of her Royal Highness the Princess Charlotte. 15 182 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. The Bclvidere, on Shrub's-hill, is a triangular build- ing, that has a tower at each corner. It is encom- passed by a fine plantation of trees, forming a most delightful rural scene. The noble piece of water, in the valley underneath, was formed at a great ex pence, and, from a small stream, or current, is rendered capable of carrying barges and boats of pleasure. Over this water the late Duke William caused a bridge to be erected of most curious architecture, on a bold and noble plan ; being one single arch, 165 feet wide in the clear, which is five feet wider than the boasted Rialto at Venice. This piece of water terminated in a large and beau, tiful cascade ; but a few years since, the pond. head blowing up, the rapidity of the torrent did such material damage to the bridge, that the whole was obliged to be entirely taken down, and a stene one lias lately been erected, consisting of five arches. The dam. or mound, which confines this vast body of water till it rises to the summit of an artificial rock, is formed upon a large scale, at a very con- siderable ex pence. This cascade is by the side of the high road leading to Gosport, Portsmouth, Winches- ter, Southampton, &c. About half a mile from the stone bridge, is the Chinese Island ; so named from the building on it being after the Chinese manner. Beside the improvements already mentioned, the THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 193 race ground on Ascot Heath was laid out, and brought into the most beautiful order, at a large expence, by Duke William, and is allowed to be one of the first courses in the kingdom The Forest is of great ex- tent, and was appropriated to hunting by William I who established many laws and regulations, for the preservation of the royal game, and the better regu- lation of the Forest. By an Act, passed in 1813, for inclosing the open and commonable lands within the said Forest, this large tract of land will be dis- afforested. * In this extensive tract of land, are several pleasant Tillages and gentlemen's seats, foran account of which, together with the other remarkable places in the en- virons of Windsor, we shall . refer the reader to a Compendious Gazetteer, annexed to the Pocket Companion to Hampton Court. 184 TOE WINDSOR GUIDE. ETON. Eton, being immediately connected with Windsor, a concise account of it, we presume, will be accept- able to the reader. It is situated in Buckinghamshire, and by means of a bridge* orer the Thames, is in a manner joined * The collecting of Tolls being frequently considered as a frau- dulent imposition, we conceive the following Abstract of an Act, passed in the 9th of George 1 1. chap. 15, will be acceptable to the public ; and at the same time tend to remove groundless suspicion : ' Whereas the Mayor, Bailiffs, and Burgesses of the Borough of New Windsor, in the county of Berks, are lawfully seized of the great bridge over the river Thames, commonly called or known by the name of Windsor Bridge, set, lying, and being in New Windsor aforesaid, and of the way thereon leading from New. Windsor aforesaid, to Eton, in the county of Bucks, with the ap- purtenances thereof, and are obliged j by reason of their tenure, to repair and maintain the same ; and for that purpose, by them- selves, their officer;, deputies, or assigns, have received, and are ^entitled to receive, certain customary Tolls for pontage and passage over and under the said Bridge ; that is to say : For every hearse or coach, passing over the said Bridge, with a dead corpse, six shillings and eight-pence. For every hackney-coach (not a Freeman's) for every passage, two-pence. For every load, passage or carriage, with household goods, wool, earthi-n-ware, charcoal and leather, four-pence. For every load, passage or carriage, with corn, hay, straw' dung, wood and peat, two-pence. For every score of sheep, two-pence. THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 185 to Windsor. This village, or town, as it is sometimes called, though it has no market, is pleasantly situated For every head of oxen, hogs, and other cattle, one halfpenny. For every horse, loaded with hampers, or otherwise one half- penny. For every barge, going under the said bridge, down stream, sixpence. And whereas the payment thereof hath of late been refused by several persons, and cannot be recovered, but by bringing separate actions against eapb particular person so refusing, which must be attended with great expence and delay : May it therefore please Your Most Excellent Majesty, That it mny be enacted ; and be it enacted, by the King's Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Par- liament assembled, and by the authority of the same, That it shall and may be lawful to and for the person or persons appointed, or to be appointed by the said Mayor, Bailiffs, and Burgesses, or their Assigns, to collect the said tolls, to demand and take of all person!, other than Freemen of the said Borough, who shall drive* lead, or conduct any such hearse, coaches, carriages, cattle, horses, barges, or other things for which any such customary tolls have been paid for pontage or passage over or under the said bridge, the respective tolls before-mentioned ; and upon their neglect or refusal to pay such tolls, to deny, or hinder any pass- age over or under the said bridge, until payment thereof, and to distrain any such hearses, coaches, carriages, cattle, horse*, barges, or other things, or any other of the goods and chattels of such person or persons as shall so lead, drive, or conduct any such hearses, coaches, carriages, cattle, horse;, barges, or other things, or any of the goods and chattels of the owner or owners thereof, and to detain the same until payment of tbe said tolls ; and after 1STJ THE WINDSOR GUIDE. on the banks of the river, in a delightful valley, and healthy soil, and has been a long time famous for its lloyal College and School, founded by King HcnryVI. in the year 1440. The College consists of two neat quadrangles, one appropriated to the school, and the lodgings of the masters and scholars ; in the midst of which is a handsome Bronze Statue of the Royal Founder, standing on a marble pedestal, erected at the cxpence of Dr. Godolphin, formerly Provost of the College^ and Dean of St. Paul's. On the south side of this square, is the College Chapel, a fine stone building, ornamented with large abutments, pinna, clcs, and embrasures, and is remarkable for its internal elegant simplicity. At the west end of this Chapel, is a marble statue of the ' ill-fated Henry.' In the other quadrangle, are the apartments of the Provost and Fellows. On the south side of the inner court of this last quadrangle, is the College Library 3< which is one of the finest in England, with respect to the neat- ness of the room, and the choice collection of the most valuable editions of the best authors. This Library has been much augmented, by the donations of Dr. V'addington, Bishop of Chichester ; the above-men- tioned Dr. Godolphin; the Reverend Mr. Reynolds ; Nicholas Mann, Esq. Master of the Charter-house, (l.e space of five days after such dUtress, to sell what shall be so dis'ruined fur payment of the taid tolls, rendering to the owner or o. \ners thereof the' overplus upon demand, if any shall be, after satisfaction of the said toll-, the reasonable charges of such distress and sale bein first deducted.' THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 187 and other gentlemen of distinguished taste and learn- ing ; among whom we ought not to omit the late Richard Topham, Fsq. of Windsor, whose fine collec- tion of books, and drawings, made from the originals at Rome, and other parts of Italy, was presented to the College, by his executors, Lord-Chief Justice Reeves and Dr. Mead. We have also to notice, that many valuable oriental MSS. were sent over from India, by Mr. POTE, of Bengal. The last benefactor to this Library, was the late Mr. STOKER, whose collection of books and paintings, which he be- queathed to the College, were estimated at eight thousand pounds. After such immense acquisitions, it may well be supposed, that scarcely any Seminary in Europe can boast a more complete collection of books than Eton College. This College was amply endowed by its Founder, and consists of a Provost, Vice-Provost, six Fellows, two Masters, (who have each four Assistants), two Conducts, or Priests, eight Clerks, ten Choristers, and seventy scholars, with subordinate officers. The School is divided into upper and lower, and each subdivided into three classes. The election of Scholars to King's College, Cam- bridge, founded also by Henry VI. takes place the latter end of July, when the twelve senior scholars are put on the roll to succeed to King's College, but they are not removed till vacancies occur ; the average 188 THE WINDSOR SUIOE. number of which is about nine ia two years. At nineteen years of age, the scholars arc superannuated. Eton sends also two scholars to Merton College, Oxford, where they are denominated Post-masters, and has likewise a few exhibitions of twenty-one ijuineas each, for its superannuated scholars; to en- large whose funds, the Rev. Mr. Chamberlayne, late Fellow, bequeathed an estate of eighty pounds per annum, after the death of his widow. The late Pro- vost, Dr. Jonathan Davis, also left a considerable legacy for the same beneficial purpose. The scholars elected to King's College, succeed to Fellowships at three years standing. At the time of election, the Provost of King's College, attended by two posers, comes from Cam. bridge, for the purpose of examining the candidates, as well as those who are in turn to be moved to their own college. At the time of this election, public speeches, selected from the classics, as also some of the English poets, are recited, by the senior scholars, in the school room ; after which they depart for the summer vacation. A singular custom is tricnnially observed here, culled Montcm, from the mount in the village of Salt. Hill, about a mile from Eton ; to which the whole school march in military procession, with colours and music, on >Vhit-Tucsday in erery third year. On THE WINDSOR GUIDE.- 1H this occasion, a collection is made for the Captain of v the- Boys on the Royal Foundation, to which every person present is expected to contribute. This is demanded for Salt-money, by some of the upper boys* in elegant fancy dresses, called Salt. bearers, accom- panied by their servitors, in similar, but less sump- tuous habits. TJieir Majesties generally honour this celebration with their presence, and contribute liberally for salt* The company assembled here of late has been very numerous and splendid, and the collections consider- ably increased. \Ve have been informed that, the la&t amounted to upwards of eight hundred pounds. It is difficult to ascertain the origin of this singular custom.. but it appears to have arisen from the early, times of monkish .superstition, when the friars used to sell their consecrated salt for medical purposes. There arc some traces of it to be found as far back as the reign of Elizabeth, who, when on a visit to the College, desired to see an account of the ancient ceremonies observed there from its foundation. In the list was an annual procession of the Scholars; who, on those occasions, repeated verses, and gathered money from the public, for a dinner, and. other purposes. Here, likewise, are educated, great numbers of the nobility, and young men of the most distinguished fa- miHes.in the kingdom,- this Royal Foundation being I9D rnE WINDSOR CUID. one of the most celebrated Seminaries for Classical Learning in his Majesty's dominions j and some of the greatest men England can boast, cither as Scholars, Lawyers, Senators, or 'Statesmen, received the fun. tlaineiitul parts of their education at Eton. The town of Eton, which is in the Hundred of Stoke, is not very txk-mive, consisting chiefly of one narrow street, which has, within these few years, been much improved, by a considerable part of it being pared, and many of the houses rebuilt, or repaired in a neat modern stile. It has a small neat chapel in the mid- die of the to-.vn, built at the sole expence of the late * About the close of cbe year 1736, four young gentlemen, thea fellow students at Eton, whose names were Mr. J. Smith, Mr. G. Canning, Mr. R. Smith, and Mr. J. Frere, published an in- genious Periodical \\ork, entitled the MICROCOSM, under the fictitious name of GREGORY GRIFFIN. Such was the merit of this publication, tliat it was judged to be the production af per- sons of much riper years; and some invidious critics asserted, that although it might be written by the young gentlemen, it was afterwards looked over by their tutors, or assistants. This the authors, with gome spirH, refuted ; a::d their subsequent writing?, as well as the high rank that some of them now hold in the ad- ministration of public affairs, leave not th'e shadow of a doubt of their having been fully competent to the undertaking. The celebrity of this work excited a spirit of emulation in the young Etonians of 1S01, who, brought forward a similar Publication, but which was entirely void of any servile imi- tation of, or sarcastic ciilicisin on their predecessors. Thi performance is stiled the MINIATURE, and the Author, or .Audi MS. assumed the name of SOLOMON GRILDRIC. THE WINDSOR GLIDE. 191 Mr. Hetherington, on his resignation of his fellowship. The site on which the college, with its appendages stands, is said to be extra-parochial, notwithstanding that before the erection of Mr. Hetherington's chapel, the inhabitants had been accustomed to have the usual rites and ceremonies of the church performed at th college chapel. PORXY's FREE-SCHOOL. The founder of this institution was a natire cf j in Normandy, and came into this country, as appear* by his last will, in the year 1754. He was then about the age of twcnty.three, as at the time of his death, in May 1802, he was seventy-one years old. It seems, from letters written to two of his relatives, in 1799, at the time of making his will, that he was of a respectable family, and that his real name was Antoine Pyron du Martre. ^Vhy he assumed, in thjs country, th name of Mark Anthony Porny, does not appear ; further, than that he parted from his relatives on unfriendly terms, and might there- fore wish to- elude their enquiries. The -following is an extract from one of the letters above alluded to, addressed to Cn. Lebreton, &c. ' As the term of the life of an individual is uncertain, I thought it was prudent, nay necessary for a Refugee Islander, to J9C THE WINDSOR GUIDE. prevent, as much as possible, the difficulties or em- barrassments that my death might cause to those friends which I have in this country. These motives induce me to write to you, with coolness and com- posure, this letter, before that event happens, hoping, by that precaution, to give to the executors of my last will the surest way of certifying my decease to some of iny family. Therefore I beg of you, Sir, during my life, to communicate that news to those who may be cou corned in it. * Since I am only indebted to myself and Divine Providence for the little property 1 have acquired in this free and generous kingdom, where the fantastic humour of my nearest relatives obliged me to retire to, never having received any. succours from them ; and after their demise, as the co-heirs to the succession of their estates, both real and personal, have appro, ptiated to themselves that part which, by divine and human right, belonged to me, I can conscientiously dispose, as I please, of all what I possess ; therefore you may let them know, rtiat I have ordered that property, by my last will and testament, in due form, to be applied, in this country, to those objects, which have seemed to me deserving of this last mark of my gratitude.' The other letter was addressed to Citizen Duma- noir, and is written with a degree of asperity, touching Vhose who had usurped his patrimony, The substanca TlfE WINDSOR UIDE. J93 fthe concluding paragraph, in this letter, is similar to that above quoted from his letter to Lebretoa : 4 What I have acquired in this country shall re- main in it, after my death, in spite .of all the efforts and artifices of those who think to be entitled to it. It shall not be said of me that I hare worked and endured painful toils for more than 40 years to cnridh two or three coretqus dissimulating men. I have iu England true .and sincere friends, who have given me many unequivocal .proofs of pure and disinterested affection ; for that reason they are more entitled to my gratitude and beneficence than my relations. ' The contents of this long letter will certainly not please you ; but I thought it necessary to ac- quaint you, during my life, with my way of thinking towards you, and with my future intentions with regard to what I possess in this kingdom, in order to spare you the trouble and expence of further and useless enquiries after my death.' These two letters were found with the will, and -a note addressed to his executors, desiring-them to for- ward those letters to France, as soon as possible after his decease. It does not appear from any memorial that Mr. '-P. has left behind him, in what manner he was engaged from the time of his quitting France, in 1754, until his being appointed French Teacher at Eton College, 194 THE WINDSOR GDICB. about the year 1773. Here he commenced author. We shall quote his own words, on the merit and success of these productions, from his letter to Citizen Dumanoir : ' You begin with fulsome and disgusting flattery, by observing how precious my health may be to people of letters, who, as you say, esteem me with reason. What hare I done or written to deserve their consideration ? Fine phrases these to entrap those who are pleased with or tena- cious of their own opinions. But this is not my weak side. I hare composed and put in order some elementary books that they might be more useful to my scholars than those we were obliged to make use of some hare met the approbation of the public at large, but others have not been so favourably re- ceded. Where is the merit to publish such works ? Those you mention, the Dictionary and the Italian Grammar, were not re-printed, the sale of them having been very slow. Those that sell in this king. (loin are the Vocabulary, the French Grammar, and the Rules of the French Syntax, whose sale amount to 6000 of each book, every two years. The col- lection of Letters, and the Elements of Heraldry, arc not so lucrative to the publishers. There have only been five editions of 1500 each.' Mr. P. omits to state what pecuniary advantages he derived from these works ; nor are we prepared to give them. Whatever they may have been, it seems they were not greater than hi* mode of life and THE WINDSOR OBIDI. 195 pursuits demanded ; as we do pot find that previous to the year 1781, Mr. Porny possessed any real property or money securities. In 1780, he was ap- pointed one of His Majesty's Poor Knights of Wind- sor, through the interest, we are told, of Lord S nd s. His Italian Grammar, published in 1781, was dedicated to Lady S r.d s. Mr. Porny's suc- cess, as a teacher, was now become considerable, and from this period to 1797, he appears to hate accumulated nearly 40001. sterling. Mr. Porny, by his said will, after giving some small legacies, amounting to about two hundred and eighty pounds, bequeathed the residue of his property in the following words : ' Lastly, as to the rest, residue, and the remainder of my effects and pro- perty, real and personal, such as the money I have placed in the stocks or funds, at the bank, in the city of London, or any other property of what nature and kind so ever, which I shall be possessed of, interested in, or entitled to, in Great Britain, at the time of my decease, as will appear by my papers, after all my lawful and just debts, funeral expcnces, legacies herein bequeathed, and all charges relating thereto, are paid. I dispose thereof in the following manner, that is to say, I give and bequeath, upon trust, unto the treasurer of the Charity and Sunday School established in the parish of Eton, in the county of Bucks, anno. 1790, for the following uses and purposes, that is to say, that the aforesaid residue, 196 THE WINDSOR GUIDg. rest, and remainder of my effects and property shall be applied, by the Trustees or Committee, or by Whatever name they may be designated, for the time being, of the aforesaid Charity and Sunday School, towards carrying on the laudable and useful designs of its institution ; and I do hereby nominate, con- stitute, and appoint Mr. Charles Knight, printer, bookseller and stationer, of the borough of New Windsor, in Berkshire, and Mr. Francis Stracy, grocer to their Majesties, of the aforesaid borough, to be my executors and trustees in the fulfilling punc- tually this last will and testament of mine, which is written with my. own hand,' ' The executors, agreeably to the note addressed to them, forwarded the two letters, with the necessary certificates, to M. Lebreton and M. Dumanoir. Notwithstanding the precautionary steps taken by Mr. Porny previous to his death, and the punctual observance of the directions given to his executors, the relatives manifested an intention of litigating the legality of the will. They probably were informed by some of the refugee priests, fit that time resident in Eton and Windsor, that the School named in the will, was net known in law, having no endowment or permanent income; and that the subscription was so very precarious, as frequently to render it doubt- ful whether the school could be continued. The executors, in consequence of this manifesta- tion, conceived they could not prudently take upon THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 197 them to carry the intentions of the testator into effect, without the aid of a court of equity, from the uncertainty as to the proppr person to receive and apply the money. They therefore took the opinions of two eminent counsel, who advised a friendly suit in the Court of Chancery, which was accordingly instituted, wherein the executors were named plain, tiffs, and William Webb, the manager of the funds of the Sunday School, and the Attorney General, de- fendants ; and upon the same being heard, the whole was referred to F. P. Stratford, Esq. one of the masters of the saiJ court, to approve of a scheme for carrying the charitable intentions of the testator into execution. This suit, although a friendly one, was pending seven or eight years. After all the usual forms of Chancery had been duly observed, the scheme submitted for approbation was, that the Provost and Fellows of Eton College, had offered a piece, of ground on the west side of the town of Eton, whereon to build a house and school-rooms, for the purpose of carrying the said charitable in- titution into effect, of which they were willing to grant a lease for such purpose only, for the term of 40 years, renewable every 14 years, at the annual rent of 40s. It was also the opinion of the Pro. rost and Collge, that no fine should ever be taken on such renewal, so long as the site on which tfee school should be erected should continue to be devoted to the same charitable purpose ; and that they would recommend to their successors, never to K 198 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. charge or impose any fine whatever on future re- newals. They also proposed to sell the said piece of ground, for the purpose aforesaid, for the sum of 51. and a reserved rent of 40s. annually, if a licence could be obtained for that purpose. A plan was also sub- mitted of a dwelling-house, consisting of two diri. sions, for the residence of a school-master and school mistress, and also of two school-rooms, together with a. specification thereof, and of the cxpcnco of the erection, on the oaths of two experienced surveyors, and the plaintiffs further proposed, that the manage- ment of the said school, and of the charitable fund, should be under the controul of the Provost and Fellows of Eton for the time being, and of eight other inhabitants of the said parish of Eton, to be chosen iu the first instance out of the subscribers at large to the said charity; that whenever any one or more of the said eight last-mentioned trustees should happen to die, or decline to act, or remove from the said parish, that the majority of the surviving, or con- tinuing trustees, so elected as aforesaid, should elect oat of the most respectable inhabitants of the said parish of Eton, one or more trustee or trustees, in the room of him or them so dying, declining to act, wr removing from the said parish, so as always to keep up the original number of eight, exclusive of the Provost and Fellows of the said College for the time being ; that the majority of the trustees, at their first meeting, should elect' a treasurer from among themselves, and also three trustees, in whose name THE WINDSOR GUIDE. 199 the funds of the said charity should be placed out at interest on government security ; that the ac- counts of the treasurer, touching the said charitable fund, should annually, on the first Tuesday in June, be settled and adjusted, and'a new treasurer thereupon elected from among themselves ; and that the trustees should meet on the first Tuesday in every month, for the purpose of the said charity. Upon the consideration of the several matters stated, Mr. Stratford approved of the said proposal, and cjrtified to the court, as his opinion, that the same was a proper scheme for carrying the said charitable intention of the testator into execution. All which he submitted to the honourable court, and the court decreed, that the same be carried into effect accordingly. In furtherance thereof, and in obedience to (he said decree, a meeting was<:onvened of the subscribers at large to the original charity school, when Mr. John March, Mr. William Webb, Mr. William Henry Cutler, Mr. James Rogerson, Mr. Daniel Ludgate ? Mr. John Donald Macqueen, Mr. Edward Ragueneau, and Mr. Edward Williams, were elected and chosen trustees, to act in conjunction with the said Provost and Fellows of Eton College, in the management and controul of the said charity. At a subsequent meeting, the Reyerend the Pro, Tost of Eton, Mr. William Webb, and Mr. Edward K2 200 THE WINDSOR GUIDE. Williams, were elected and chosen trustees, in whose names the funds of the charity should be placed out on government security; Mr. John March was elected and chosen treasurer of the funds of the said charity, and Mr. Edward Brown was appointed secretary thereto. Two school rooms and apartments for a master and mistress have been erected, at an ex pence ef j. 1,723; Mr. John Pope was appointed school, master, and Mrs. Miller, schoolmistress. The for. nier has a salary of jC.50, and the latter . 40, a year. The children are instructed upon Dr. Bell's plan of education. The number taught are sixty boys and thirty girls. The amount of stock standing in the Bank books, in the name of Mr. Porny, in 1 802, was 2000/. three per cent, consols 2000/. three per cent, reduced, and 1800/. four per cent, bank annuities. The produce of the sule of his effects, ready money, and the debts and fees due to him, amounted to about 57 College of St. George 126 Corporation of Windsor ..... 7 Castle, by whom built, &r. 37 Choir in St. George's Chapel 81 Chapter House - -- - - - - i.l Charitable Donations - - - - SO Charles I. the pjare of liis interment ... lt>3 Degradation of a Knight - - -171 Eton - 181 Election, Right of tr Pairs 14 Frogmore - - - - . - 176 Free School 19 Guildhall of the Borough 12 Henry VI. the place of his Interment - - 101 Henry VIII. the place ot bis Interment . ; 95 Hastings' Chapel -> - - - 119 Page Institution of the Order of the Garter - - 136 King's Closet , . _ - ._ 55 Dressing-Room ..... 57 Old State Bed Chamber ... 53 Drawing-Room - - - - 59 Audience Chamber 61 Presence Chamber ..... 53 Guard Chamber ..... 64 State Bed Chamber 6O Knights of the Qarter - - - - 169 Ladies' Charity School 22 Lincoln Chapel ....... 99 Lower Ward, or Court - - 76 Market . 14 Maids' Marriage Portion ..... 30 Military Hospital ...... 34 Monument of Edward IV. ... - 95 of Dr. W. Wade ... 93 Theodore Randue 93 Richard Beanchamp - 100 Dr. Giles Thompson - . . no Richard Wortley .... m William Fitzwilliams . - - ill Dr. Brideoak 112 . Henry Somerset, Duke of Beaufort - 116 Sir George Manners, Lord Roos, and Lady Ann, his Wife ... 117 William Lord Hastings ... 119 Naval Knights 130 Oxenbridge Chapel 107 Organ and Organ Loft in St. George's Chapel - 81 Officers of the Order of the Garter - - . 170 Parks 175 Picture Gallery --55 Poor Knights 128 Porny's Free School ...... 191 Memoir of . . . ib. C Queen's Closet in St. George's Chapel - 120 Guard Chamber ..... 4t . Presence Chamber . 49 . Audience Chamber . - 50 - Ball Room ' . , . 51 Drawing Room - - 5t .. .. Bed Chamber 53 - Lodge ....... 173 - School - 33 Ranger's Lodge -.-.- 176 Room of Beauties ...... 54 Royal Apartments * , - 46 Round Tower - . -71 Rutland Chapel . - - 117 Royal Dormitory ...... 122 St. George's Hall . - - - 65 St. George's, or the King's Private Chapel 69 St. George's, or the Collegiate Chapel - 79 Sunday School and Penny Club . - . 2 Theatre ... ..... Town of Windsor ...... 5 Travels' Place ....... 1SS Urswick Chapel ....... 116 Waterland, Dr ........ 112 Window (the large central) at the West End 88 "Window over the Altar "Window containing the Arms of the Knights Window at the East End of the South Aile West Window in the South Aisle West Window in the North Aisle 88 90 99 93 93 C. Knigbt and SOD, Printers, Windsor. UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FAOUTY Ur