I TIic "White Lion,'' Banbury, early Jolin Bcivick. ',- ^ar/y, cuts used to illustrate " Tonuny Tivo Shoes!' York and Hull editions. Early cut from ''A New Years Gift.' 'Jack and the Giants',' early York edition. Banbury Chap Books AND J^upsepy Toy Book Litepature [OF THE XVIIL AND EARLY XIX. CENTURIES] WITH IMPRESSIONS FROM SEVERAL HUNDRED ORIGINAL WOOD-CUT BLOCKS, By T. & J, BEWICK, BLAKE, CRUIKSHANK, CRAIG, LEE, AUSTIN, AND OTHERS. Illustrating Favourite Nursery Classics, with their Antiquarian, Historical, Literary and Artistic Associations : FAITHFULLY GLEANED FROM THE ORIGINAL WORKS IN THE BODLEIAN LIBRARY, OXFORD, THE BRITISH AND SOUTH KENSINGTON MUSEUMS, &>€. With very much that is Interesting and Valuable appertaining to the early Typography and Topography of Children's Books relating to Great Britain and America. INCLUDING Jack the Giant Killer, Cock Robin, Tom Thumb, Whittington, Goody Two Shoes, Philip Ouarll, Tommy Trip, York and Banbury Cries, Children in the Wood, Dame Trot, Horn Books, Battledores, Primers, etc. By EDWIN PEARSON. LONDON: Arthur Reader, i, Orange Street, Bloomsburv, W.C. 1890. Only 50 copies Large Paper, 500 „ Small, \ ^- '/35' 6''' INTRODUCTION. -VNBURY CAKES," and " Banbury Cross," with its favourite juvenile associations, with the Lady with bells on her toes, having music wherever she goes, are indissolubly connected with the early years not only of ourselves but many prior generations. In fact, the Ancient Cross has been rebuilt since the days, when in Drunken Barnaby's Journal, we are made familiar with the puritan "who hanged his cat on a Monday for killing of a mouse on a Sunday." The quaint old town and its people are rapidly modernizing ; but they cling to the old traditions. Both in pictorial and legendary lore we have some Banburies of another kind altogether, viz., Banbury Blocks, or in plain English, Engraved Woodcut Blocks, associated with the Local Chap Books, Toy Books, and other Histories, for which this quaint old Oxfordshire town is celebrated. The faithful description of the Blocks illustrating this volume has led to numerous descriptive digressions, apparently irrelevant to the subject ; it was found however that in tracing out the former history and use of some of the '* Bewick " and other cuts contained in this volume, that the Literary, Artistic, Historical, Topographical, Typographical, and Antiquarian Reminiscences connected with the early Printing and Engraving of Banbury involved that of many other important towns and counties of Great Britain, and also America. A provincial publisher about the beginning of the present century would reflect more or less the modus operandi of each of his contemporaries in abridging or reproducing verbatim the immortal little chap books issued from the press of John Newbury's " Toy Book Manufactory," at the Bible and Sun (a sign lately restored), 6s, Saint Paul's Church Yard, near the Bar. ^^35615 11 INTRODUCTION. This again leads to the subject as to who wrote these clever h'ttle tomes. In my "Angler's Garland," printed at the Dryden Press, 1870 and 1871, I fully announced my intention of issuing a reprint of the first edition of " Goody Two Shoes," but the intended volume was published by the firm at the corner, "Griffith, Farren, Okenden, and Welsh," now in the direct line of business descent from worthy and industrious John Newbery: Carman, Harris, Grant and Griffith. Mr. Charles Welsh of the present firm has taken a warm interest in the Antiquarian and Historical Associations of the Newbery firm. The premises have been lately rebuilt, the Sign and Emblems adopted by Newbery restored, and C. Welsh has reprinted "Goody Two Shoes" in facsimile, since which there has been added to it a Standard edition of Goldsmith's Works, edited by Mr. Gibbs. I had the pleasure of making many researches respecting the old London publisher (Goldsmith's friend), John Newbery, respecting his Lilliputian Classics, and I have been enabled to introduce several of the Quarto early editions to the firm, and have had great pleasure in writing and placing on record numerous facts and data, since utilized in the very interesting "Life of John Newbery, a last century bookseller." The connection of Oliver Goldsmith's name is indissolubly associated with the juvenile classics industriously issued by Newbery. Dr. Johnson himself edited and prefaced several children's books which I have seen in the Jupp and Hugo Collections. The weary hours of adversity, through which " Goldie " passed at Green Arbour Court, top of Break Neck Steps and Turn Again Lane — I remember them all well, and the Fleet prison walls too, when I was a boy — and in refuge at Canonbury Tower, near the village of Islington, these are the places where Goldsmith wrote for children. Sir Joshua Reynolds tells how, when he called on the poet at Green Arbour Court, he found the couplet : — " By sports like these are all their cares beguiled, The sports of children satisfy the child." see " The Traveller." He was surrounded by children in this unsavoury neighbourhood, where he had his humble domicile : a woodcut in Lumburd's Mirror depicts it very correctly. Bishop Percy, author of the "Reliques," called on him, and during the interview the oft repeated incident occurred of a little child of an adjacent neighbour, "Would Mr. Goldsmith oblige her mother with a chamber pot full of coals!" Truly these were hours of ill-at-ease. The largest collection of the various relics of woodcuts used in the chap book literature, "printed for the Company of Flying Sta- tioners, also Walking Stationers," — for such is a portion of the imprint to be found on several of the early Chap Books printed at Banbury — is to be seen in the Library of the British Museum ; but the richest collection of these celebrated little rarities of INTRODUCTION. iii of Toy Books is in the venerable Bodleian Library, Among the very interesting block relics of the past are the pretty cuts to Mrs. Trimmer's " Fabulous Histories) or The Robins :" these were designed by Thomas Bewick, and engraved by John Thompson, his pupil, who enriched Whittingham's celebrated Chiswick Press with his fine and tasteful work. A numerous series of little fable cuts by the same artist are to be found in this volume. One of the quaintest sets engraved at an early period by John Bewick (the Hogarth of Newcastle), are to " The Hermit, or Adventures of Edward Dorrington," or " Philip Quarll," as it was most popularly known by that title a century ago. The earliest edition I have seen of Philip Quarll is as follows : " The Hermit, or the unparalleled sufferings and surprising adventures of Mr. Philip Quarll, an Englishman who was lately discovered by Mr. Dorrington, a Bristol merchant, upon an uninhabited island in the South Sea, where he lived above fifty years without any human assistance, still continues to reside, and will not come away," etc. Westminster : Printed by J. Cluer and A. Campbell, for T. Warner in Paternoster Row, and B. Creape at The Bible in Jermyn Street, St. James's, 1727. 8vo, xii pp., map and explanation, 2 pp., and i to 26 appendix, with full page copper plate engravings. He was born in St. Giles', left his master a locksmith, went to sea, married a famous w e, listed for a soldier, married three wives, condemned at the Old Bailey, pardoned by King Charles H., turned merchant, and was shipwrecked on a desolate island on the coast of Mexico, etc. Other editions in the British Museum are 1750; 1759 (third); 1780 (twelfth); 1786 (first American edition, from the 6th English edition, Boston, U.S.A.); 1787 (in French); 1795 (seventeenth); 1807; and also in a "Storehouse of Stories," edited by Miss C. M. Yonge, 2 vols, 8vo (Macmillan, 1870^2), Philip Quarll (also Perambulations of a Mouse, Little Jack, Goody Two Shoes, Blossoms of Morality, Puzzle for a curious Girl, and others are given. The text is useful to refer to, as the originals are rare : the woodcuts of several of them are in this volume. " Philip Quarll," Miss Yonge says, " comes to us with the reputation of being by Daniel Defoe ; but we have never found anything to warrant the supposition. It must have been written during the period preceding the first French Rovolution." There is also in the Museum an edition printed in Dutch in 1805. In 1869, Mr. Wm. Tegg reprinted the Surprising Adventures of Philip Quarll, entirely re-edited and modernized, with only a frontispiece and vignette on title as illustrations. The quaint old cuts on next page probably illustrated an early New- castle, then York, and finally Banbury, edition of this oft published work. INTRODUCTION. T lie Blocks designed and engraved by Jolin Bezuick, for " TJie Hermit; or Philip Qnarll" [eirea 1785.) Tcgg's edition of 356 pages, i2mo, is to be seen in the Reading Room of the British Museum, and gives the full text and history of these. This curious book would well bear representing with the original Bewick cuts, after the manner of the present Newbery firm, who have revived Butterfly's Ball, Grasshopper's Feast, Goody Two Shoes, Looking Glass for the Mind, and contemplate others in the immediate future. Tegg in his reprint INTRODUCTION. of the Book on Philip Quarll, States that he was bom in St. Giles' Parish, London, 1647, voyaged to Brazil, Mexico, and other parts of America, was left on an island, nourished by a goat, and other surprising adventures. Edward Dorrington communicates an account (see p. I to 94 inclusive) of how the hermit Philip Quarll was discovered, with his (E. D's) return to Bristol from Mexico, Jan. 3, 1724—5 ; but is about returning to Peru and Mexico again (p. 94). This is of both American and Bewick interest. Besides these representatives of this Chap Book, we are enabled to give in this collection impressions from the blocks of other editions fortunately rescued from oblivion and destruction. BANBURY CHAP BOOKS. " Old Story Books ! Old Story Books ! we owe ye much old friends, Bright coloured threads in memory's wrap, of which Death holds the ends. Who can forget ye? Who can spurn the ministers of joy That waited on the lisping girl and petticoated boy f Talk of your vellum, gold emboss'd morocco, roan, and calf, The blue and yellow wraps of old were prettier by half." —Eliza Cook's Poems. |N 1708 JOHN WHITE, a Citizen of York, established himself as a printer in Newcastle-on-Tyne, bringing with liim a stock of quaint old cuts, formerly his father's, at York, where he was Sole Printer to King William, for the five Northern Counties of England. He entered into partnership with Thomas Saint, who on the death of John White, at their Printing Office in Pilgrim Street, succeeded in 1796 to his extensive business as Printer, Bookseller, and Publisher. In this stock of woodcuts were some of the veritable pieces of wood engraved, or cut for Caxton, Wynken de Worde, Pynson, and others down to Tommy Gent — the curious genius, historian, author, poet, woodcuter and engraver, binder and printer, of York. We give some early examples out of this stock. Thomas Saint, about 1770, had the honour of introducing to the public, the brothers Thomas and John Bewick's first efforts in wood-engravings, early and crude as they undoubtedly were. They are to be found in Hutton "On Mensuration," and also in various BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. children's and juvenile works, such as ^sop's and Gay's Fables. VVe give some of the earliest known of their work in this very interesting collection of woodcuts. Some years ago a collection was formed of Newbury and Marshall's Children's Gift Toy Books, and early educational works, which were placed in the South Kensington Museum, in several glass cases. These attracted other collections of rare little volumes, adorned with similar cuts, many of which are from the identical blocks here impressed, notably the " Cries of York," " Goody Two Shoes," etc. They are still on view, near the George Cruikshank collection, and during the twenty years they have been exhibited, such literature has steadily gone up to fancy prices. Charles Knight in his Shadows of the Old Booksellers, says of Newbury, (pp. 233), " This old bookseller is a very old friend of mine. He wound himself round my heart some seventy years ago, when I became possessed of an immortal volume, entitled the history of ' Little Goody Shoes.' I felt myself personally honoured in the dedication." He then refers to Dr. Primrose, Thomas Trip, etc., and adds further on, " my father had a drawer full of them [Newbury's little books] very smartly bound in gilt paper." Priceless now would this collection be, mixed up with horn-books — a single copy of which is one of the rarest relics of the olden time. Chalmer's in his preface to " Idler," regards Mr. Newbury as the reputed author of many little chap books for masters and misses. Mr. John Nichols brings forward other candidates for the honour of projecting and writing the " Lilliputian histories, of Goody Two Shoes, etc ;" and refers to Griffith Jones and Giles Jones, in conjunction with Mr. John Newbury, as those to whom the public are indebted for the origin of those numerous and popular little books for the amusement and instruction of children, which have ever since been received with universal approbation. The following are two of the identical cuts engraved by John Bewick, and used in the Newbury editions of Goody Two Shoes, London, 1769 to 1771. mMm^i^^ It will be seen on contrasting these cuts with the other two, on the following page, from early York editions, how wonderfully even in his early years Bewick improved the ! BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Early cuts to Goody Two Shoes. Beivick's frontispiece to Goody Tivo Shoes. illustrated juvenile literature of his day. No wonder when Goldsmith the poet had an interview with Bewick, thatdelighted with his cuts, he confessed to writing Goody Two Shoes, Tommy Trip, etc. Bewick's daughter supplied this information. 4 BANBUkV CHAP-BOOKS. Here are two early examples of Thomas Bewick. Tliey were used in a York edition Miss Polly Rilling in a Coach, from Tonnny Trip. The Stndent, from Tommy Trip. of " A Pretty Book of Pictures for little Masters and Misses, or History of Beasts and Birds by Tommy Trip," etc. There was an American edition of Goody Two Shoes, and is very interesting indeed, having a woodcut frontispiece engraved by Thomas Bewick, and was printed at Worcester, Mass., U.S.A., by Isaiah Thomas, and sold wholesale and retail at his book-store, 1787. A copy of this little book sold in London for^^i i6s. We also give two other specimens from the J. Newbery editions of Tommy Trip and Goody Two Shoes, both engraved by John Bewick. The Student, from Tommy Trip. Margery, from Goody Two Shoes. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. 5 The packmen of the past [see frontispiece of a pack-horse in First Edition only of Bewick's Quadrupeds, 1790] carried in their packs the ephemeral literature of the day, Calendars, Almanacks, and Chep-Books. The Leicestershire pronunciation to this day at markets is " Buy Chcp ' for Cheap, hence the Chep-side, or Cheape- or Cheapside ; other- wise derivation of Chap Men, or Running, Flying, and other mercurial stationers, peripatetic booksellers, pedlers, packmen, and again chcpmen, these visited the villages and small towns from the large printers of the supply towns, as London, Banbury, Newcastle, Edinburgh, Glasgow, etc. The " History of John Cheap, the Chapman,"" Parley the Porter," " Stephen of Salisbury Plain," and other favourite tracts, with John Bewick's and Lee's square woodcuts were written by the quaker lady, Hannah More, about 1777, and were first published in broadsheet folio. Some were done by Hazzard, of Bath, others by Marshall, of Bow Lane, Aldermary Church Yard. A most curious collection of chap books did they print, reviving ■the quaint old " Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green," " Guy, Earl of Warwick," " Seven Champions," " Mother Shipton's Life and Prophecies," " Wise Men of Gothan," " Adam Bell.' " Robin Hood's Garland," "Jane Shore," " Joaks upon Joaks," " Strapho, or Roger the Clown," "Whetstone for dull Wits," "St. George and the Dragon," "Jack Horner :" and hundreds of ballads, garlands, carols, broadsheets, songs, etc., were in the collection. The " Great A and bouncing B Toy Book Factory," was somewhere near Little Britain, the proprietor being John Marshall, who published the famous "Life of a Fly." Block by Thomas Bewick. The " Memoirs of a Peg Top," " Perambulations of a Mouse," 2 volumes with cuts by John Bewick, and a number of other works, some by Mrs. Trimmer, under various pseudonyms, were published in liow Lane, also many quaint broadsheets, the cuts of which are in this volume. Hazzard, printer of Bath, who published many works for Dr. J. Trusler, with woodcuts by John Bewick, Lee, and others, also published the cheap repository tracts. All the following little wood blocks were used in several toy books, sometimes with Bewick's name on the titles, and done from 1787 to 1S14, in Dutch flowery and gingerbread gilt paper binding, just like Newbery series. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Early John Bewick Cuts. Tommy Tzvo Shoes. Robin Hood and Little John, pub. Wilson and S pence, York. York Story Books, by Wilson and Spcncc, circa 1797. Used in the Fables. Used in the Fables. BANBURY CIIAB-BOOKS. Early John Bewick Cuts. Cut by Lee, on the covers of Rusher s Penny " Banbury s!' Tzvo Blocks from Valentine's Gift, 1797- Used by Wilson and Spcncc, York. Patty Primrose. 1.ANBURY CHAr-BOOKS. Early John Bewick Cuts. From Primrose Pretty face and her Scholars. Two Ballad Oits, by Green, of KnaresborongJi. Mrs. Winloves Rise of Learning. The Concert of Birds, frotn Tommy Ta^ BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Early John Bewick Cuts. ^. Frontispiece to Tommy Play love and Joseph Love book. ■^! M ill Ml njj™, """jrjjj r^" I iaS fe m '^^: ^ "■ i^A h'A. Ha. I ' ^' I mn ran ■■• M j □□(|: .ayi ^^ nil Mljllllllli'ni^Hi'-iriiniiilJ^ni iBdH'ii. j:; Whitfiela's Tabernacle, Moorfuids, or Spa Fields Chapel. (Z) In Blade's Life of Caxton, the reader will find interesting examples of the earliest woodcut blocks illustrating the quaint and rare tomes issued by the Almonry, Westminster, also at Oxford. The Robin Hood Garland blocks (circa 1680 or earlier), is one of the earHest provincial blocks with a distinct history. We can trace them in varied collections used by early London and Provincial printers, and in the London Bridge printed Chap Book Literature. C 10 BANBURY CIIAP-BOOKS. Sutton, printer of Nottingham, issued a curious quarto volume of old woodcuts. He was descended from the celebrated T. Sutton, who founded the Charterhouse. Some twenty-five years ago I went over the very quaint collection with the proprietor, and suggested a volume being issued, but the idea had already been matured by him. Robert White, the poet and local historian of Newcastle upon Tyne — by whose favour I reprinted Tommy Trip in 1867 — has one of the choicest, most comprehensive, and rarest libraries of local stories, garlands, ballads, and chap books, and North country folk-lore children's books, almanacks, primers, " A. B. C," horn books, battledores, etc., that were ever gathered together. I am glad to place on record, that by his will, his collection will remain intact. The special opportunities afforded him at the time for collecting them have entirely passed away. I believe he was descended from John White, printer for the five northern counties of England to King William. This is referred to by Mr. Dodd in his preface to a quarta volume of woodcut impressions. William Dodd fully appreciated the local interest, by producing a limited impression of the quaint blocks in his possession. The Rev. Mr. Hugo had a very large and important collection of blocks and books, and at his death I arranged and catalogued them for Messrs. Sotheby, according to the wish of his widow. The Rev. gentleman had wished his collection to be purchased by the trustees of the British Museum, but some little hitch occurred and this was not accomplished. In his collection the Robin Hood block, perforated with worm holes, realized quite a fancy price. Among the relics of ancient woodcutting, are some so early and crude in their execution — quaint as the period they illustrate — as to really entitle them to the literal name and meaning of woodcuts, rather than wood-engravings, which they really became in the hands of the two Bewicks and their numerous school of pupils. Other provincial publishers were not so favoured as those at Newcastle-on-Tyne, as to have a Bewick trying his prentice hand on similar series, as used by J. Bell and others. The Cock Robin blocks in this collection are certainly the earliest series I have seen among the thousands I have examined. The York Cries, Tom Hicketh rift, Jack the Giant Killer, and many kindred cuts, arc evidently from the collection of John White, the early printer, and are as quaint, as funny and droll in crudity of execution, as any of Thomas Gent's, the unique York engraver and bookseller. The rarity and interest of a collection like the present, with their varied associations, may be fairly estimated when we consider that the country printers in those days were not particular in making the same woodcut do duty in most incongrous and inapplicable positions and subjects. We have met with a block in a child's book, then the identical woodcut on a ballad, catchpenny, or last dying speech and confession, setting at defiance any suitability of illus- BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. II tration, or adaptability to the text matter. Of course now, some of these examples arc exceedingly ludicrous, and do not fail to excite merriment, and often add to the intrinsic value of the article, as may be judged by numerous examples that have occurred in our literary auction marts during the last half century. Besides it must be taken fair notice of that a genuine wood-engraving, or woodcut block may soon become a curiosity of the past, owing to the improved methods of illustrating children's books. Many of Bewick's blocks are veritable paintings on boxwood, and arc as much classical works of art as work by Josiah Wedgwood, and his able coadjutor, J. Flax- man are in Fine Art. These early crude, quaint, droll little pioneer wood blocks will ever remain of great and even historical interest as showing the progress and influence on the illustrated literature of the civilized world. Many of our readers have heard of Banbury Cross and Banbury cakes.and other famous juvenile associations, as the lady with bells on her toes, but it was also connected with the production of books for juvenile readers. A great portion of the blocks in this volume are Banbury blocks used for illustrating the toy books, children's histories, etc., for which this quaint old Oxfordshire town was famous. Many of them are connected with the early printing and engraving carried on in this and other towns of England. A quantity of the blocks were used in the books printed by John White of York, who established himself, as before mentioned, as a printer in Newcastle-on-Tyne, bringing with him a stock of quaint old blocks formerly his father's [at York], where he was sole printer to King William, for the five northern counties of England. Boswell has recorded several conversations of Oliver Goldsmith with Dr. Johnson, in which the warm-hearted poet expressed a wish, " to make fishes, animals, birds, etc., talk, or appear so to do, for the amusement and instruction of children." In the National Collection is "The Valentine's Gift, or a Plan to enable children of all sizes and denomination to behave with honour, integrity, and humanity, very necessary to a trading nation : to which is added some account of Old Zigzag, and of the Horn with which he used to understand the language of birds, beasts, fishes and insects," etc., " Printed for Francis Power, (grandson to the late Mr. J. Newbery) and Co., No. G'^, St. Paul's Churchyard, 1790, price sixpence, bound in gilt dutch paper binding, 105 and iii pages. Numerous books were sold by PVancis Power, No. 65, near the Bar, in St. Paul's Churchyard, London ; his list comprises " Giles Gingerbread," " Tom Thumb's Folio," " The London Cries, taken from the Life," " The Lilliputian Auction," by Charley Chatter "Nurse Truelove's Christmas Box," " New Year's Gift," "The History of Little Goody Two Shoes," new edition, " Adventures of a Bee," " The Little Lottery Book," "A Pretty Plaything for Children," " The Lilliputian Magazine," " The Picture Exhibition," " Lilli- putian Masquerade," " Juvenile Trials for Robbing Orchards and Telling Fibs," " Pretty Poems by Tommy Tagg, for children three feet high," "A Pretty Book of Pictures, 12 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. or Tommy Tripp's History," "The Drawing School by Master Angelo," "Poetical Flower Garden," " Tommy Trapwit's Be Merry and Wise," " Lecture upon Toys," 2 vols ; " Pretty Poems for children six feet high," " The Museum," " Polite Academy," " Poetical Flower Basket," *' Mother Goose's Fairy Tales," "A Spelling Dictionary, Rhetoric ; Logic ; Arithmetic ; History ; Chronology ; Geography ; " Vicar of Wakefield." Most of the latter except " Vicar " formed a circle of the sciences licensed by approval of the King, each dedicated to a youthful nobleman, by "John Ncwbery." The size was "snuffbox," or waistcoat pocket (capacious in 1790, see "School for Scandal," etc., Costume, etc.) Docu- mentary evidence and receipts in Goldsmith's handwriting, acknowledging various sums for writing the " Rhetorick," and others of the above exist. Goldsmith also did numerous Abridgements of the Old and New Testaments, Robinson Crusoe, Pamela, Clarissa Harlow, Sir Chas. Grandison, all in this juvenile series for J. Newbery. The Spider, from Biinyan's Divine Emblems. This was a most popular juvenile brochure, at end of eighteenth century. The early editions of J. Bunyan's Works, 2 vols, folio, had the Divine Emblems at end of vol 2, with quaint old woodcuts. These were industriously copied in reduced sizes, and published from id. to 6d., by various London and Provincial "toy book" manufacturers. The above is a solitary representative of the illustrations of one of these rare editions of" Bunyan." From Evans's Cock Robin, Frontispiece to Farthing Cinderella. HANDUKV CIIAl'-r.OOKS. A\u\vvvvvvvvAii\\»iitiumiiiiiinii»Miiiin/ii/ii/v/i/i///:^///yy>^aK 13 Tobacco Paper Cut and Tavern Sign. Very Early Ballad, T ■ ■I cut, etc. 14 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. John Evans, 42, Long Lane, West Smithfield, circa 1791, brought out some singular little farthing ciiildren's books, printed on coarse sugar paper, also ballads, single-sheet songs, and " patters." One, " The tragical death of an Apple Pye, cut in pieces and eat, by twenty-five gentlemen, with whom all little people ought to be very well acquainted." J. Drewey, Irongatc, Derby, brought out some entertaining fables, in which the follow- ine woodcuts were used again. Blocks used in Red Riding Heed. I BANEURY CIIAP-IJOOKS. 15 Blocks used in "Jacl' and tJie Giants^' and " 7^;//, 7 oin, the Piper s son'' ete. From John White's sfoek, at York. ^W 'f^ fi^^^i^^^^^ ill In^ m B i^ "nrVi^^.'ir" — "jXT'^^Q j^ ^^■^Jte^s^s^^Lr^ i6 BANCURY CIIAr-BOUKS. Ctits used for " Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son" etc. Kg^pHl 1 ^H^H i Cuts to " Whittiiioton and his Cat.' John Evans issued " Cock Robin, a pretty gilded toy for either girl or boy," in which the early cut on page 12 was used. This rare edition has the following comical variation from the orthodox version : " Little Robin Redbreast sat upon a pole, Wiggle-waggle went its tail, and p — p went its hole." BANBURY CIIAP-BOOKS. Very Early Cock Robin Set, from John Whites York Stock. 17 That quaint divine Dean Swift of St. Patricks, Dublin, edited some curious poetry for " A Royal Primer," sqr. 32mo, published in the Seven Dials, of Dublin (" Rainbow Court"). D i8 BANCURY CHAP-BOOKS. " Ech, ech, my dear'y, and Ach, ach, my love. " There was a little man who had a little gun, and " There was a little maid who was very much afraid To get wed, wed, wed," etc. This is long and curious, and was greatly altered and abreviated in early 19th Century Editions. " Tiic Royal Prime j% from John Whites York ajid Nciocastlc Stock. BANDURY CHAr-nOOKS. From Dean Sunft's Royal Priiner, Dublin, circa IJ/O. 19 Front Evans's edition of Cinderella. jM l^f 1 jl |M|| um^ ^^lim,^^ 20 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Vay Early ''Cock Robin" Series, " Postjoy" by Bdvick for a Newcastle Newspaper, • Wife Joan" etc., from J. White's Stock. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Early " Mother Hubbard :" J. Evans, Long Lane, circa 1770. 21 /I %\ M r m 22 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Early " Goody Two Shoes," '• Jack and Jill;' " Cock Robi;i" The Fables, early Beivick School. liANbUKV CI I. M" LOOKS. 23 All Evjiiss style of woodcut, Catnach, etc., all used at Rushers Banbury Press. Babes in the Jl'ood. Blue Beard Providing our- selves Avith a variety of pens and ink, Ave select two of the best and proceed to describe the Banbury Printer's old stock of cuts. Banbury, Oxfordshire, was one of the chief provincial towns noted for its Children's Books, Chap Books, Battledoes, Reading Easies, etc., also for locally printed works, 24 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. notably for two, viz., Dr. Johnson's Rasselas, and White and Beesley's workon Bees, thin 1 2mo volumes, boards, printed in a curious phonetic character, called "Rusher's Types." Rusher, printer of this town, had some ingenuity and originality of his own, and was not such a plagiarist and imitator as some of his contemporaries. Many of the tales he cleverly adapted to the locality, which have become very valuable. His edition of the Rasselas rea- lized £•, 5s. This book was written by Johnson in a week to defray his mother's funeral expenses. We give several extracts from some of Rusher's Penny Books which will show how well he adapted them to his town. [Zf (?;-/)' JoIiJi Bezi'ick,'] Rushers Lilliputian Library^ Banbury, circa. 18 10. At Rusher's fam'd Warchous! Books, Pictures and To\-s Are selling to please all The good girls and bo}-s. For youth of all ages There's plenty in store, Amusement, instruction, For rich and the poor. From the New House that Jack Built. See Jack in his study, Is writting a book. As pretty as this is In which you may look ; The price is one penny. For girls or for boys. There's more too at Rusher's, And Pictures and Toys, > t - — --"--^^^: , _ ' ^^cfe?^^^'; -•: ^-ft^,_ ' ' ^] |BE ^^■j''. .- . ■■--'- Poetic Trijics. Sing see-saw. Jack thatching the ridge, Which is the way to Banbury-bridge } One foot up and t'other foot down, And that's the way to Banbury town. BANBURY CIIAr-BOOKS. 25 As I was going to Banbury Upon a summer's day, My dame had butter, eggs and fruit, And I had corn and hay, Joe drove the ox and Tom the swine, Dick took the foal and mare : I sold them all — then home to dine From famous Banbury Fair. Here's something new Dear child for you, I will please you in a trice A halfp'ny chuse, Now don't refuse, A penny is the price. Tho' basely born Pray do not scorn A Tale no worse than many For I'm afraid More say in trade, A halfp'ny 's made a penny. Good things to engross, Near Banbury cross Where Tommy shall go on the nag, He makes no mistake, Buy a Banbury Cake, Books, Pictures, and Banbury Shag. Little Robin Redbreast Sat upon a tree He sang merrily As merrily could be. He nodded with his head And his tail waggled he As little Robin Redbreast Sat upon a tree. Now each lad and each lass Both sister and brother May have books for each class For Father or Mother. And when with much pleasure You've read them all o'er, Then hasten to Rusher's, He's printing some more. Where each daughter and son And each nephew and niece. Each good child may have one, For a penny a piece. Black your shoes, your Honour Here's Fin iky Hawkes, As busy as any, Will well black your shoes, And charge but a penny. The following little " Banbury Cake ' verbatim. Book is so excessively rare, we give the text 26 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. THE HISTORY OF A BAN BURY CAKE. AN ENTERTAINING BOOK FOR CHILDREN. BANBURY: Printed and Sold by J. G. RUSHER, BRIDGE STREET. PRICE ONE PENNY. PREFACE. It v.ill be thought very odd, I doubt not, by each little boy and girl into whose hands this book shall fall, that a Banbury Cake should be able to write (as it were) its own life ; but as they advance in years, they will find that many strange things happen every day — I shall therefore without more words to the bargain proceed with my story. HISTORY OF A BANBURY CAKE. I was born or made (whichever you please, my little reader) at Banbury in the county of Oxford, as you can plainly conceive by my title, where great numbers of Cakes are brought into being daily ; and from whence they travel by coach, chaise, waggon, cart horse and foot into all parts of this Kingdom : nay and beyond the seas, as I heard my maker declare that he had, more then once sent some of them into France. Soon after I was made, and while I was yet warm from the oven, I was sold by my maker's fair daughter to a person on horseback for twopence. With this person I took my first journey to Oxford ; he rode a very fine Black Horse. As soon as he came home, he gave me to his son a lovely little boy, about seven years of age, and one as I found to my comfort not only lovely in person but in temper also. His ■ name was Tommy, and he was praised and loved by all that knew him, and had often presents of cakes, toys and little books, and other things that are proper for children of his. age ; the books he kept with great care as things of value and worthy of his notice, but . other trinkets he seemed to despise. 1 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS 27 Tommy and his cousin were taken to sec Mr. Polito's collection of wild beasts and birds, uhich were then exhibiting at Oxford, among which were a large lion, an eagle, and many other natural curiosities, which sight was very entertaining, as Tommy and his co.isin had never seen such before. They atterwards walked into the Colleges, round Christ Church College Meadow, and indeed saw all the curiosities about Oxford. (TiiK Banbury Cake). We give a Bibliographical List, as perfect as is possible to date, of the " Halfpenny Series " of little History and Story Books issued at Rusher's Banbury Press, some even with the same titles as the " Penny Series," yet totally different in arrangement and woodcuts, used, as comparison in the Bodilean Library will readily show: Mother Hubbard and her Dog ; Nursery Rymmes from the Royal Collections ; Poetic Trifles for young Gentlemen and Ladies ; The Cries of Banbury, London, and Celebrated Stories; Children in the Wood, Historical Ballad (Norfolk?) ; Children in the Wood, Restored by Honestus ; Hermit of the Forest (Cumberland) ; Jack the Giant Killer, a Hero, celebrated by Ancient His- torians (Cornwall) ; Robinson Crusoe ; Nursery Poems from the Ancient and Modern Poets ; Jack and Gill and Old Dame Gill ; Read who will. They'll laugh their fill ; Dick Whittington and his Cat ; The History of Tom Thumb (Middlesex) ; Death and Burial of Cock Robin ; Renowned History of Dame Trot and her Cat ; London Jingles and Country Tales for Young People ; Tom, Tom, the Piper' Son ; Cinderella and her Glass Slipper ; Jack Spratt and his Wife Joan, etc. etc. / 28 BANBL'RY CHAP-BOOKS. Beivick School, used in Rus/icrs Banbury Toy Books. Used by Rusher in his Banbury Horn Books, Battledores, Galloping Guide' to A, B'-jC^ Primers, Reading Made Easy, Spelling Books, etc. c iiiiigjD MPGH IJKll E3NfOP ER HT a b BANBURY CIIAP-BOOK.S. 29 From Evans s, Long Lane, West Sniithfield, used aftevivards at Banhnry. Rusher's Banbury Battledore and Reading Made Easy blocks, show the next improve- ment on the old Horn Books. Then Rusher published a Galloping Guide to the A B C, for whicli see next page. 30 ANBURY CIIAr-BOOKS. A B D E F G H A was an Acorn, that grew on the oak ; B is a Boy, who delights in his book. C is a Canister, holds mamma's teas ; D is a Drum, you may sound if you please. f^ ^w^ if -^ ■--^^^— _-.^ K is an Eagle, that soars very high F is a Fox, that is crafty and sly. a b G is a Griffin, of him pray take heed ; II is a Ilarc, that can run with great speed g h BANHURY CHAP-BOOKS. 31 K L M N O P o R S T U V w J is a Judge, that the law oft obeys ; K is a Key, that no secret betrays. L is a Lamb, often freaks o'er the lea ; M is a Mermaid, that sings in the sea. N is a Nightingale, dwells in the wood ; O is an Ox, whose beef roasted is good. P is a Peach, that did grow very high ; Q is a Quince, makes a savoury pic. \i J ^ ft 0-^ ^ ^^^^^» ^^ft^^ \\ ^ipji*%-.^ R is a Raven, rapacity charms ; S shining Sun, is the Banbury Arm' T is a Trumpet, )-our merit to raise ; V is a Vulture, on other birds preys. W a Wren, that was perch'd on a spray ; ' J k I m n o P q r s t u w 32 BANBURY CHAr-BOOKS. X Y Z X was King Xerxes, well known in his day. Y is a Yew Tree, both slender and tall ; Z Zacaariah, the last of them all. Reading made Easie, copy of Bavick, You are Old Father Willtam, by Green. 15ANHURY CHAP-BOOKS. 33 The History of Jack the Giant-killer. The above woodcut of a Fugitive Soldier (designed by Craij, and engraved by Lee) was used on the back of the cover of this Httle book, as issued by J. G. Rusher at Banbury. i IllnS^''''' i'!t'" 1' ^m g^^l ii'W m ^£^ WW Jm m Ifi^^^^^^^fT ' fir^ Trf^fflll iIIb i i M m^ i fffl ■SBI^^ ^S^S^^^SS) Jack's Artfulness. Jack .^hows the Giant a tri:k. The Giant and his Prisoners. Jack slices off the Giant's nose. Jack kills IMundcrborc. Jack ::trangks the Giant; I' 34 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. DEATH AND BURIAL OF COCK ROBIN. AVho killed Cock llobin I This is the pic That saw him die. I, said the sparrow, With my bow and arrow, I killed Cock Robin ! Who caught his Mood] I said the fish, With my little dish, I caiiarht his blood ! Who made his shroud ] I, said the Eagle, With my thread and needle ? 'I'his is tlie Owl so brave That dug Cock llobin's gi-ave. '^^■- ^ \Ak\ fe ^ k^; llj lil i i 1 m Wiio'll he the parson I, said the PicOa. BANBURY CIIAI'-BOOKS. 35 Who'll be the clerk ? I, said the lark. A\ho'll carry liiin to his grave ' I, said the kite. Who'll be the chief mourner ? I, said the swan. Who'll toll the bell ? I, said the Bull. Wliu'il bear his I'alP We, said the wrens. Who'll lead the wa) ? I, said the martin. The birds of ihe air fell a sighing and sobbing, When they heard the bell toll for poor Cock Robin. 36 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. THE History The cow took Tom Thumb His butterfly mounted, With a mouthful of grass. And rode o'er the stream. He cUmbed up the edge, And fell in the bowl. Tom soused in the firmit}-, And had a oreat fall The breath of the spider In the midst of the strife Was too much for Sir Thomas, And cost him his life. r.ANnURY CIIAr-I500K<. I? Children With clay-cold lips the bab.s they kissel He bai-aincJ \\ ilh Uvo .xlhans stror- Away the little babes were .^cnt. To fight they -o right suclcenl} 1 hen hand in hand they took ihcir way. Till dcatii uiu end ihcii gric! 38 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Mother Hubbard and her Dog. Designed by George Cruikshank (early work), and engraved by Branston. T5ANI3URV CHAP-BOOKS. 39 Dame Trot and her Cat. Earl)' Crulkshank School. D-ime Trot. D.inie Trot's Cat. Dair.e teaches the Cat. Dame takes her to market. Ridini:. The Cat smells a Rat. Dressing. Tiie Cat fiiilits Dog Ball. 40 UANBl'RV CIIAr-BOOKS The History of Robinson Crusoe. Robinfon Crusoe, he Was dttermined to go 1 3 sea 'Ih'j Raft. The Footi.rints. S'lOo'.in.n SaxjgLS 'J i\i\ cr.siiig tlie Ishind Designed by Cnti/:s':a:ik, cng;ravcJ by Drauston. BAMiUUY CHAP-BOOKS. 41 The Life of Jack Sprat and his Wife Joan Cruikshank Scliool. Jack Sprat goes courlini Jack's . Maniai^e. Jack wiiecling liis Wife Joan sits in licr ciiair. Jack takes his gun. Ijut tl.e birds don't care. Jack buys a Jack bi.i}s a ni;ire. Jack rests. And grows fat. G 42 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Cinderella and her Glass Slipper. rub!i>hcd by Rusher, circa 1S14. Designed by Cruikshank, and engraved by Branstone. A copy is in tlie Bodleian Library. CiaderclLi. Cin.lcrclla drcssinc: for the Ball Ciiidcrclla going to the Ball i:i fine coach. Cindjrella drncing with the Kincf's So 1. Cinderella drops one of I-.cr glass slippers. Cinderella nianies the Prince. BANIiUKV ClIAP-nOOKS. 43 Jack and Jill \Vcnt up the hill. They rotlc doc; Ball, And Jill did fill!. Now Jill did laugh. And Jack did ciy. Camel came by. Says Jack, I'll try. Read it who will, Jack and Jill. Then up Jack got, And home did tret. g^Trf ( CS Savs Jill, 111 tell ^'(.u l.Qw Jack fdl. '1 hey first rode high, And then rode low. The pig he squalled, While Jack he bawkd. Then Jill came in, And she did grin. I'll try. says Jack, Upon his back. ^^ The very r.cxt thing They made a swing. -M^^yr^.T/ Hearing the rout, The dame came cut. They'll laugh they fill. 44 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Dick Whittington and his Cat. Designed by Cruikshank, and engraved by Branstone ; published by Rusher about. 1814. An original copy is in the Bodleian Library. Dick £roes on his travels. And meets with a kii^.d Merchant. A penny for your cat, Dame Ijow Bells ringing "Turn again Whittincfton !" Pussy clears the King's tabic, And makes Whitlinc'ton's fortune. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. 45 The Cries of York. "The Cries of York, for the amusement of Young Children, decorated with cuts printed by T. Kendrew, ColHer Gate, York." These York Cries have not been mentioned by any writer on juvenile literature and the same may be said of the Banbury Cries. T. Kendrew of York, brought out many interesting penny and other children's books. He published "Giles Gingerbread, a little boy who lived upon learning, by Tom Trip," this was an abbreviation of Newberry's Edition of the ' Silver Penny." The scries was illustrated with the early and prentice work of the Bewick School. One of the rarest is " The Cries of York," the cuts of which afterwards travelled to Banbury and appeared in " Banbury Cries." The series we are enabled to give complete. 46 BANBURY CilAP-BOOKS. Cuts bclvvgin, to York Cries. BANr.URY CHAP- HOOK 48 BANBURY CIIAr- BOOKS. Cuts beloHgiug to York Cries. Appended are the words to many of the foregoing Cries. The Italian Basket Seller. Ventured across the main behold, " Buy Baskets," solemn Face, He sells for Lust of Naughty Gold, Which is a Common Case. Mend old Pans and Kettles, O ! {PcascJiohnc Green Postern) Hark ! who is this, the Tinker Bold, To mend or spoil you Kettle, Whose wife, I'm certain is a Scold, ]\Iade up of base metal. Buy my Clocks and Weather Glasses ! Buy Shirt Hand Buttons ! ( ]Valnigaie Bar) " If I'd as much money as I could tell ; I never would cry young lambs to sell." ( Thursday Market) *' Buy my Anchovies. *'Buy my nice Anchovies." Sweep your Chimney Clean, O ! With drawling tone, Brush under arm, And Bag slung o'er his shoulder. Behold the Sweep, the Streets alarm, With Stentor's voice and louder. Come Buy my nice muffins. Hot Muf^ns and Crumpets too, For Breakfast and for Tea ; I've only a very few left, In Basket as you may sec. Buy Banbury Cakes ! By fortune's frown, You see this needy man. Along the street and up and down Is selling all he can. Cockles alive, alive, O ! Behold Poor James at York again, His Cockles all alive, O ! Alive, Alive, he cries amain, Come buy that he may thrive, O ! DANDURV CHAP BOOKS. 49 Buy my fine Lnrks." ( Catching L arks) Sixpence a Score Oysters." (Ousc Bridge) Coaie Buy my Roasting Spits." Rabbits ! Rabbits \ " Buy my fine Writing Ink." The City Bellman." (Haj' IVcig/O Buy my Cranberries, fine Cranberries.' Sweet China Oranges." {Pavcincnf) ' Buy my Capers. Buy m\' nice Capers, Capers." Buy my nice Banbury Cake-;. Buy my WinJniills, a halfp::nny-a-picce.' (Afonk Bar) Fine Kidney Potatoes." Threepence a Mart Ripe Gooseberries." Come buy a true Calendar." (Castle Gafcs) Razors, Knives, and Scissors to grind," Acomb Sand." Race Lists." The Cries of York is distinctly different from The Cries of London issued by Ke;iJre.v though the same set of Cuts are utilized. London Street Cries have always had a fascination peculiarly their ow.i. I\Ladame Vestris used to bring down the house with " Cherry Ripe," and where are happier efforts of the favourite home Artists than " London Cries" by A. Morland, Wheatley, Stoihard, and others, which are so eagerly sought after by connoiseurs > The pretty plaintive Cries too, would we had the 'music' to them, so familiar in the streets in tliose c'.iarming old English days. A most interesting and quaint old relic is the one from which annexed impression is A''o//iwc like leatJierl TO BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. given, from Dyche's Spelling Book : an exceedingly clean, choice and crisp copy of this book, n the original sheep covers, — a veritable " old shopkeeper," which for nearly a century had escaped its intended destiny in Rusher's varied stores, at length found a resting place in Sir Thomas Bodley's venerable receptacle for bibliographical treasures in the Bodelian, Oxford. The present example — a portion of which was broken away many years ago, — is probably the sole surviving one of the quaint series of cuts, doubtless admired by our great- grand-parcnts over lOO )'ears ago. The following are curious examples of Fable Cuts, which were used in Dilworth, Cocker, Fisher, and others. '^ Jr tWv£ ^ BANBURY CIIAP-BOOKS. Early Fable Cuts, used at Banbury in Spelling Books. 51 ^Sii-* & ^^ t^' 1^^' 52 ]i.\Xi:UUY CHAP-BOOKS. History of Joseph, designed by Isaac Cntikshank. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. 55 Clci'cr little vignettes, by Thomas and John Beiuiek and Pupils, nscd first at Xirliolson's, Lndlcnc, eirea 1787, and afterwards, cirea 1 8 14, used in Rushers JLinbnry Btwks. ,^s i r V. A T\ .\ H K H () y s |:j Tradesmen' Shops in Banbury, used on their bill-heads. 15A\i;URV CIIAP-DOOKS. 6i Used in various tradesmen's Billheads, ek:, printed at Riis/iers Press, Banbnry. That this interesting idea may not be considered unworthy of adoption — which by the way the few large paper copies of this book are admirably adopted — we give a short list of those who have collected and treasured with care these little brochures. In the South Ken- sington Museum on exhibition, is a collection of Horn Books and Battledores, exhibited by Kenneth, R. II. Mackenzie, Esq., F.S.A., who read a paper on this subject before the Society of Antiquaries. There is another collection which includes many curious Horn Books or Battledores, from circa 1750, 1784, 1800 to 1810, including photo and facsimiles of one of the Middleton Horn Books now in the Bateman Museum. There is also a curious poem on the Horn l)Ook by a Gent, suffering from the gout, printed at Dublin by T. Cowan, 1728, small 4to, only a few leaves. Another very neat Horn Book with the Horn in front, hence its name, is also on view. The scarcity of these quaint early educational books may be understood from the fact that Mr. Hone, author of the Every Day Book, etc., sought for an orii^inal Horn Book for years without success. Mr. Coleridge had one or two cases on ex- XN> ^_^ i €2 r.ANBURY CIIAP-EOOKS. Rustic Cottages near Banbury, liibition. A\ith numerous examples of Newbury and Marshall's little books, but we believe these are withdrawn. There is also a selection of early educational books ; but the largest collection formed is still on exhibition. In conclusion, it may be said that the present volume contains many precious relics of the Bewick, Newbury, Goldsmith, Newcastle York, Banbury, Coventry, and Catnach presses, and a representative collection of the stock of workable woodcuts of a provincial printer in the latter part of the i8th century, and to those who would like to inspect the veritable copies of those valuable and interesting little books, and some of the original Horn Books, etc., let them see the Coleridge, Kenneth, Mackenzie, and Pearson collections in the South Kensington Museum. Since writing the above, there appeared in the catalogue of books belonging to. William Bell Scott, Esq., recently sold at Messrs. Sotheby, a small 4to Album containing a collection of wood engravings by Bewick, Clennell, and others, which with some newspaper cuttings made quite a dainty extra illustrated volume. If so eminent an artist could find pleasure and recreation in this pursuit, others may certainly rely upon finding it equally attractive, but he would have found his task much easier if he had had a large paper copy of this work interleaved. This is recommended to any person desiring to take up this charming recreation. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. IlJisirations of Clii'.drcns Books, used by Rjis/icr at BAubury. «3 64 BAXBURY CIIAI'-BOOKS. All used by Rusher in his Children s Books, Banbury. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. All iisoi in Rns/wrs Banbury Bends. 65 66 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Used by Rusher. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. All used in Rits/icrs Books. O 68 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Beicick School, all used in Rushers Banlnry Toy Ecoks. iiiiiiiiir;ife^iiii!:'ji, BANUURY CHAI'-BOOKS. C9 Used on Local Tracts and afkrivards, issncd at Rnslicrs Press, Bridge St., Banlmry. 70 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Used by Rusher. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. All used in t/ic Banbury Juvenile Series. 71 1^ BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Eugravcdby Bczvick School, used in the Children's Books. HANBURV CIIAT-noOKS. All used in RnsJicrs Banbury Toy Books. 74 r.AXnURY CHAP-BOOKS. On Early Tract Society Publications. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Used for illustrating early Tracts. 75 76 BANBURY CIIAP-EOOXS. AUused t)i Educational Tracts, Banbury. i;ani5Urv chap-books. Used ill F.iirly Tracts, Batibrnv ^^J IP 78 BANBURY CHAT-BOOKS. BANBURY FAIR. About 1820, many curious Tracts were issued by various Societies with the illustrations which follow. Some of these Tracts relating to Social and Religious questions of that day had been edited by Hannah More and her sister — at " Barley Wood," near Bath — also by Rowland Hill, the eccentric divine of old Surrey Chapel, and others ; these are now quite ephemeral literary productions, notably some on the "Sunday Question." Several of the following cuts were used contemporary with Timothy Spagg's (Charles Dickens's) Sunday Under Three Heads. One of these, an 8vo pamphlet, has on the title, a large woodcut by Thomas Bewick, commencing ; — Here we have Beivick, I declare, etc. Many of the original cuts to the Bristol scries of Tracts issued from 1^05 to 1820 are in this volume. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. 79 Cuts used in Educational Tracts written by Hannah More and Mrs. Trimmer, circa iSio. Engraved by Anderson, Thon^pscn. Williams, and others. So BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Used on Local Tracts and Juvenile Literature, by Rusher. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. 8l Used on Tracts by Hannah More and' Rev. Rowland Hill, circa 1814, and afterwards in Rusher's 15ooks. i«--'jsii.^j S3 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Vignettes by Sears, engraved after Williams and others, and used on cheap Repository- Tracts, etc., and books issued from Rusher's press. 15ANBURV CIlAI'-nOOKS. These cuts were used in a series of Tracts published by Chilcott of Bristol. Afterwards by Rusher at Banbury. 'Jfcr'Wr'fV-.-:^ ism mu K^^5?a^^ IIP inii J"-^ 84 BANBl RY CHAP-BOOKS. Cuts by Sears after Williams, used on Cheap Repository Tracts, and on Local Banbury Ephemeral Literature. -'-m »^..'r...'\'-?i»-r:^ : BANBURY CI I AT- BOOKS. Used Oil Rusher's Educational and other Local ramphlcts. 85 Distaff." 86 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Engraved by Lee — used by Rusher. I5AN15URY CHAP-DOOKS. THE LILLIPUTIAN MAGAZIXi:. ^7 ~ -^ — ^^— /s^^""^^ - '-^''^^j — \:&»'&^,.>iii^::S'-« ftyi' III rjmmm Early Newbcry block by J. Bell. Very early ' Cock Robin ' cut. A Tradesman's Shop at Banbury. The Marriacje Ccremonv. I BANBURY ClIAl'-tiOOKS. 89 Billy Buttons " ride to Brentford, and otl.er Catnach ' Catches,' used by Rusher. 90 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Used by Rusher at Banbury, Pible Cut. rVontispiecc to Banbury Local liiography. UANBUKV CIIAl'-nOOKS, Used bv Ruslicr. 91 92 BANBURY CHAI'-BOOKS. Used on Banbury ' Catch-pcnnics.' IJANIJURY CHAP BOOKS. 93 Baltic of Trafalgar. 94 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Lamenting the Great Fire, engraved by Austin. Christian and Hopeful escaping f;om Doubting Castle. BANBURY CHAr-noOKS 93 Vigncltc b}' Green, of Kiiarosborougli. Knaresborough Tragedy, engraved by Lee. oi BANHUKY CHAI'-BOOKS. Cuts used by Rusher at Banburv. BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Newspaper and Heraldic cuts, iSth Century. 97 93 HAN BURY CIlAr-UOOKS. KARLY TAVERN SIGx\S AT BANBURY. The Boar's Head. The White Hart. The Sportsman's Arms. The Bull's Head. Vigncttcs to ' Vicar of Wakefield,* by Craig and Sears. HANBURV CHAT-BOOKS. 99 Children's Games," and other Toy Books publiblied by Darton and Harvey, Gracechurch Street, and afterwards by Rusher, Banbury. ICO BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. Tublished by Darton and Harvey, afterwards by Rusher. ffii 'iip^SHiii^lpiiil iHroran IJANBURY CHAP-noOKS. Published by Darton and Harvry. afterwards by Ruslicr. lOl 102 BANDURY CHAP-BOOKS, rublished by Darton and Harvey, afterwards by Rusher. BANliURV CHAP-BOOKS. 103 Cyclops, from • Thorton's Virgil,' circa 18 10. In the Preface it is stated, Wm. Blake designed, and Branstone engraved the above. Bewick Tailpieces. 104 BANBURY CHAP-UOOKS. ]^anbury Horse "to travel" cuts, used by Ruslicr, Children's Book Cuts, used by Rusher. BANDURY CHAP-BOOKS. 105 Cuts used on Mrs. Trimmer's Educational Works; engraved by Thomson and Branston. io6 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. I Clioice Vignette wood- engravings to Goldsmith's 'Vicar,' 'Poems,* etc., pub- lished by Nicholson in his "Literary Miscellany," at Ludlow and Ploughmill, circa 1798. Engraved by Craii Bewick's Pupil. r.ANDUKY CHAP- BOOKS. 107 The Newcastle Collier on his " homcway way F I -•> >^ ,-^'4 fe" ?, ^^5^0^ t^ ^ , J 5 -f^ ' W- mil ^ ^ ' uj^^-u '^^^^W^ 5i. J- ^A*'-^^ =r#.^i:.i*- Portrait of a Shrew, Engraving by Thomsoi\ io8 BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. DROLLERIES OF THE STEAM ENGINE. When Steam was first introduced it naturally called forth much 'text' and illustration. The above we believe to be designed by ' Cromek.' Miss Bewick spoke highly of him ; he was one of the ' Boys' or pupils in Bewick's School. He executed some choice vignettes for 'Burns's Poems,' much in Luke Clenncll's style, Bewick's favourite pupil. BANBURY CHAI'-BOOKS. Drolleries of the Steam Engine — continued. 109 BANBUKV CHAP-BOOK?. VIGNIiTTES AND TAILPITXES TO GAY'S FABLES. En!::ravcd by John Thomson, Branstonc, an d Williams ; used at Chiswick Press. i(!lfi!fe!!{lliW!lIilMl)liiii BANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. HI Vignettes to Gay's Fables — co)itiitu BAxnuRv c:rAP-B00Ks. Vi-nettcs to Gays Fablcs-r^,,//;;;,,^. HANBURY CHAP-BOOKS. "3 Vitincttes to Gav's Fables — continued. lU BANDUKY CHAP-BOOKS. la^f BANBURY CHAr-BOOKS. i'5 Ii6 BANBUkV CHAP-BOOKS. This woodcut did duty for "Arabian Nights," "Bluebeard," etc.; probably designed by Cruikshank, engraved by Branstone. FINIS. RETURN CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT IQwm^ 202 Main Library LOAN PERIOD 1 HOME USE ALL BOOKS AAAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS 1 -month loans may be renewed by calling 642-3405 6-month loans may be recharged by bringing books to Circulation Desk Renewals and rech arges may be mode 4 days prior to due date DUE AS STAMPED BELOW ft3C CIR-lwV 30 77 MJl 3 1980 MAY 2 3 1980 '\h^ REC.i;iU.JUl2 0"8Q i0y FORM NO DD 6 40in 10 ' 77 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY BERKELEY, CA 94720 ,i-Mffl»l'fe Libr^ri, i I. Bt-rkcli CDSMfiOOOat, 733-6/5' 04 7^3, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA UBRARY