3518
M4sE

^es~c

THE LIBRARY

THE UNIVERSITY

OF CALIFORNIA

LOS ANGELES

FREDERIC THOMAS BLANCHARD
ENDOWMENT FUND

SUPPLEMEN T

TO THE

PHARSALIA OF LUCAN,

TRANSLATED FROM THE LATIN OF THOMAS MAY,

B V

The Rev. EDMUND POULTER, M. A,

RECTOR OF CRAWLEY, HAMPSHIRE.

Quam fane, qum componerem iltes, habui in manibus, non ut aemularer, fed tamen imttarer et
fcquerer, quantum aut -diverfitas ingeniorum maximi ct minimi, aut caufx diilimilitudo pate-
rctur.

LONDON:

PRINTED FOR T. CADELL, IN THE STRAND; AND R. FAULDER,

NEW BOND STREET.

M.DCC.LXXXVI.

.. ^.,^i.^^s .- "a Kx*^,;^?' 7 Ji.i-rXti***

J -J.

ADVERTISEMENT.

IN the Year 1630, Mr. May tranflated Lucan, and
added an EngliQi Continuation ; not fatisfied as it ap-
pears with the latter, in the fame Year, at Ley den, he
publifhed this Latin Supplement ; of the Succefs of which
it is enough to fay, that it has met with the peculiar
pre-eminence of being received into, and incorporated with,
the moft eminent Editions of the ClafTics that have
been publifhed lince its time ; and particularly thole
of Barbou, the Elzevirs, and Oudendorp, an honour
perfectly lingular, there being, I think, no other in-
ftance of a work fo modern being admitted ta that claf-
fical diflintion, which it is in full and peaceable poireffioDi
of, as it feems now by common and uncommon confent.

adfcribi quietis

Ordinibus HoR.

The atteftations of contemporary genius have been
abundant. It my be fufficient to ijiention the names of

Heinlius

.-^ci'^^^'-''"^

L - ]

Heinfius and Johnfon, and the Complimentary Addrefs
of Sir Richard Fanfliaw Malo Lucanizanti.

Befides thefe public and open teftimonies of merit, there
is another private and fecret witnefs. The tacii teftimony
of Addifon, which is mod effedually given by the itnitatJon
which I fhall have more occafion to dwell upon, fhould I
proceed farther in this work, in the courfe of which it
appears, that for much of its excellence the Cato of
Addifon has been indebted to May's Supplement.

The prefent work is a Specimen of a Verfion of this
Claffical Supplement, the material and formal difference
between which and tbe fame Author's previous Continu-
ation, added to the uncouthnefs of the Englifti Language,
incident to his time, appear to me to be reafons enough
to juftify die prefent defign. If Mr. Rowe did not deem
the Author's Tranflation of Lucan fufficient, there is at
leaft as much reafon to infer the infufficiency of his Con-
tinuation. If a Supplement to Lucan was wanting or
at leaft acceptable ; which is thoroughly proved by the re-
ception of it, a Supplement to Rowe is furely equally de-
{irable in Defign, though not likely to be equally accept-
able from its Execution. The want therefore of a tranflation

'[ ;ir]

of the Supplement after Mr. May, is as great as that of
the Lucan after him. However I may have fome fimili-
tude with Mr. Rowe in difcovering a deficiency, I have
little hopes of maintaining the farther fimilitiide with him
oi fupplying it ; but fo much do I imagine a Trmiftation of
the Supplement to Ijucan^ for I will not venture to call this
a Supplement to Rowe, to be wanting, in order rather to con-
tinue the Poem, than with a hope of continuing the Poetry
of Rowe, to complete the Hiftory at leaf!:, which in the
Supplement is probably both more eventful and more im-
portant than in the original Poem ; that I conceive
fuch a Tranflation would be acceptable, though executed,
as it muft be, in a very far inferior manner to that of
Mr. Rowe. Upon this ground, I truft, that in this attempt
I exonerate myfelf from the vanity of fuppofing, that
my merit may bear the proportion to that of Mr. May,
that his does to that of Lucan, or even that the merit
of Mr. Rowe bears to that of Mr. May.

I have confined myfelf hitherto to the Juftification of
the Defign, and though of the Subjlance of the Execution I
fay nothing, becaufe nothing that can be faid of it, but
alone what is done in it, can avail, yet the Manner of it,
as it requires, fo I trufl, will admit of fome apology ; and
particularly I feel myfelf called upon to account for pub-

lifhing

[ iv ]

llfhing only one Book of it at this time : To which I have
only to fay, that, if this part be received with any degree
of Favour, or perhaps even with Endurance, for, after Mr.
Rowe's fuccefs, Endurance is Approbation ; the reft may
well follow ; if otherwife, there is already too much done
for the wafte of public attention and private labour.
For printing the Original with the Tranflation, there are
two material excufes, one, that fo a fair eftimation of the
latter may be more eafily made by the immediate com-
parifon ; the other, that while I may be intruding on the
Public a Tranflation which may not be acceptable, I am
introducing to them again an Original that certainly will

SUPPLEMENT to LUC AN,

BOOK I.

SUPPLEMENTUM LUCANI,

LIBER PRIMUS.

ARGUMENT.

Ptolemy, difmifled by Csefar, prepares War againft him The
Oracle of Serapis The Death of Ptolemy.

ARGUMENTUM.

Ptolemseus aCsefare dimiffusBellum parat Oraculum Serapidis-

Ptolemaei Mors.

SUPPLEMENT to LUCAN.

BO OK I.

' I 'HE Tea no longer frown'd, fafe from the waves.

Safe from the wiles, the wrath of Egvpt*s flaves,
Lo ! Ciefar on the (hore Indignant fat.
Breathing revenge, with anger fraught fo great.
Not Pharos crufh'd his vengeance would afluage ;
Nor Egypt's felf deflroyed appeafe liis rage.

'Twas

SUPPLEMENTUM LUCANI.

LIBER PRIMUS.

PERDIDERANT freta fjEvaminas, ct ab asquore tutus,
Tutus ab infidiis imbelHbus, et fceleratd
Egypt! rabie confedit littore Casfar,
Vindilam fpirans, tantaque effcrbuit ira,
Quantain non Pharii potuit reftinguere regni
Exitium. Jufta eft beUi data caufa gerendi :

Sed

[ 4 ]

'Twas not the doubt of war unjuftly brought,
(Juft was his cauie of war) that rack'd his thought.
But (hame and indignation urged his mind,
To know fuch caufe of war was giv*n ; to find .
The foft Canopus C^far's wrath dar*d try ;
Deferve his chaftlfement, his arms defy,
Whofe vengeance Rome herfelf could ill fuftain ;
Nor yet oppofed, but at the heavy pain
Of freedom hazarded, and Pompey flain.

Well mlght'il thou pardofi, Rome, the Gods decree
Caefar fliould 'fcape from all thofe dangers free.

Had

Sed piidor, et magnam premit indignatio mentem,

Bella dari tamjulla, aut molkm audere Canopum

Caefareas iras, infeftaque tela mereri.

Quae vix armipotens eft aufa lacelTere Roma ;

Nee damno tantas iras leviore luilTet

Quam libertatis jadura, et funere Magni.

Quod tamen incolumis per tanta pericula Casfar
Evafic, Superis poteras ignofcerej Roma,

4 Si

C 5 ]

Had Egypt only been thenceforth to feel

His refcaed arm, and hear his lifted fteel.

Thefe wars thy manes, Pompey, had appeas'd.

And Rome with Caefar had once more been pleas'd ;

Her grateful fenate triumphs had decreed

To the great vi(5lor that made Egypt bleed ;

Had crown'd her altars, while her youths from far

Had gazM with rapture on their hero's car :

His country, for this vicl'ry o'er her foe,

Might have forgiv'n him her own former blow.

Had not from him more fat d wars enfu'd ;

Had Lybia not his future conqueft ru'd ;

Nor Munda's plains with heaps of flain been f^rew'd.

Arfinoe

Si fola i^gyptus redivivas vulnera dextras

Et frcvos pofthac gladios fenfura fuiflec.

Infcrias tibi, Magne, pias hasc bella dediflenr,

Et gratas Latio. Pharia de clade triumphum

Viftori placidadonafiet frontc fcnatus ;

Templa coronafTet votis, plaiifuque fuperbiim

SpeflaflTet Iseto currum Romanajuvcntiis.

Hiec Patriae forfan vidoriaconciliaflct

Ca-faris arma lux, ni dira fequentia bclla,

Ni Libycae clades, et triOiis fiinera Munds

Viflrices alio iccliffcnt ciiiiiine dcxtras.

E 6 ]

Arfinoe, whom but late their queen they made.
Her treach'rous fubjeds now that queen betrayM ;
A woman's rule in her they ill abide ;
Worfe In her * Ganymede an eunuch's pride.
The cr.mp refounds, not with the founds of fear ;
Confent grows courage, numbers numbers cheer.
Crowds of delinquents p^irging for a time.

If not the guilt, the danger of the crime :
They fly to Caefar, fue to him for peace.
And aik of him their captive t king's releafe :
Then on Photinus and Achillas call
His vengeance, from themfelves to ward its fall.

Tho'

At Niii fcelerata cohors, qua fceptra dediflet
Keginas ArfinoL", fubito mutata rebellat.
Fee r.ineum imperiuin, faflufquc cxofa fuperbos
Eiinuchi Ganymedis, et implet caflra tumultu.
Nee pavidum murmur ; confenru audacia crevit,
Tantaque turba mctu psenarum foivit ab ornni.
Nee mora ; delefli ad tentoria Ca^faris ibant,
Invita*Arrinoe, pacem regemquc petcntes,
Et delidlorum veniam, dirumque Photinum
Ut icelerum audorem, et fcvum execrantur Achillain,
Qui facinus merita jam tandem morte luiffent.

AufoniuS

* Her hufband.

I At that time Ptolemy was Cacfar's prifoner at Rome.

[ 7 ]
Tho* ftlU revenge beat high in Caefar's heart.
His wi(h for peace held there the foremoft part ;
Rather his dread in Egypt to remain.
Letting the fragments of tli' Emathian plain.
The fcatter'd rellls of Pharfalia's fight,
Rife from their fall, and rally from their flight.
With fternnefs firfl: he chides, then fmooths his brow :
At length confents : he could not ftoop fo low
To wafte his wrath for fuch ignoble end.
But kept it all on worthier themes tofpend.

Themes no lefs weighty than his country's doom.
Than crimes, than dangers to the ftate of Rome ;

Such

Aufonius duflor, quamvis jam fervidus ira,
Pacem optans, Phariaque timcns regione teneri,
Diiin procLil Emathiae cocant fragmenta ruina::,
Dum quas difperfit cladcs Pharfalica, rurfus
Jungantur vires, et caftra hollilia crefcant ;
Caftigat prime diftis j mox fronte ferena
Dat veniam precibus j nee tanta Casfaris ira
Dignatur vilcs populos, impendere totos
Irariim flii6lus cupiens civilibus armis.
Nil nifi Romani imperii pa: rin^que ruinas

Aut

[ 8 ]
Such only are the themes that Casfar knows ;
A foe like Ptolemy in fafety goes.

Thou thought'^: not, youth, what would that freedom cofl ;
What but thy khigdom and thy life thence loil; ?
Safer in Caefar's cuflody to flay,
Than thus be fent at liberty away :
Crar*s own (lave could Caefar fcarce alarm ;
He made thee free to give thee pow'r of harm :
He thought where Egypt's perfidy would end,
And knowing thee, he knew thou wouldft offend.
To Cleopatra hop'd thou'dfl fall the prey,
Whofe luft thy fccptre was ordain'd to pay.

Nor

Aur fcelera effe fuis, ant digna pericula fatis
Credit, et imbellem Ptolemfeum in regna remittit.

Quid tandem, miferande puer, tibi proderit ida
LibcTtas, qiiam morte lues, regn'que ruina ?
Tutior ab longe cuflodia Csefaris effet
Quam data libertas; nee cum captivus agebas,
Efie nocens potcras. Te fasvi C^efaris ira
Liberat ut fieres. Pharire nam novcrat aulze
Perfidiam, morefque tuas, tua crimina fperans ;
Ut mox jnfta cadas Cleopatras victima regno j
Cujus adukerii pretium Nilotica fceptra
Donabit Ca:rar dulcique impendet amori.

Cujus

C 9 ]

Nor did the wily Roman hope in vain ;
No fooner Ptolemy's reftor'd to reign.
Than, heedlefs of his faith as of his fame,
(Whether his nation's or his own the blame)
Frefli war he vainly waged, in evil hour,
Haft'ning that fate, alas ! too fure before.
To fruftrate Caefar's foreign aid his care.
For this, his veflels to the fea repair.
To guard the ilreight 'twixt ^gypt and the ifle
On this firft effort Fortune feem'd to fmile.

One

Nee Latium verfuta ducem fpes ifta fefellit,
Namque infelicem Ptolemasum in regna remiflum
(Sive ^gyptiacac fuit inconftantia gentis
Seu regis vitium) confeftim oblivio cepit
Et dextras fideiq datas j nova bella parabat,
Confiliis pravis, et fpe delufus inani,
Inque fuam accelerat properantia fata ruinam,
Et ne fubfidiis accrefcant caftra marinis
Casfarea, inftrudtam difponit in a?quora clafTem,
Qua levis JEgypto diftreminat unda Canopum.
Inceptum vifa efl: primum Fortuna juvare.

C Incidit

[ 'o ]

One ftmggling fhip of Caefar, that which bore
Enphrenor, met his whole colleded pow'r.
One fnigle (hip his numerous fleet furround,
And the brave few, refilling crowds, are drownM.

Meanwhile his army through the Delta fent.
With caution fortified the way they went :
The beauteous Delta was the war's chief place,
At once the wealth of Egypt and the grace.
Through whofe rich plains the fev'n-fold Nile difplays
It's varying waters and it's varying ways.

With

Incidlt in claflem hanc fociis divifa carinis
Caefaris una ratis, quas fortem Euphrenora vexit :
Hanc omni Pharise puppes ftatione folutse
Circumeunt. Periit numeris opprefla triremis.

Regius interea per Deltam exercitus ibat
Terreftris, multafque via muniverat arces.
Jam belli molem pulcherrima Delta tenebat.
Delta iEgyptiaci decus atque opulentia regni.
Per cnjus virides finuato gurgite campos
Hue illuc hidit Nilus, gyrifque recurrns

Nunc

[ " 3

With dark thick Tands enriches where it glides,

At once furrounds the Delta, and divides.

That title from the Grecian Delta came.

Having the fhape, it alfo took the name.

By the wide ocean hounded on the north,

Where Nile's {cv\\ mouths dilgorge their waters forth.

Its other fides the Nile's two arms embrace.

The five arms left, poflefs the middle fpace ;

Thus all their channels to the ocean trace.

The fource *tis thought that -Ethiopia hides.
Whence in one ftream to Egypt's plain it glides ;

Where

Nunc ambit, nunc implicitis interfecat undii
Pinguia culta fuis, et nigra ditat arena.
Huic nomen terras dat litera Delta triformi.
Oceano Boreale latus defenditur, in quem
Infundit fefe fepteno gurgite Nilus.
Quae reftant latera inde duo, duo brachia Nih
Ultima conftituunt. Haec inter brachia, quinque
In mare gurgitibus per Deltam volvitur amnis.

Magnus ab Erhiopum campis nigrantibus amnis
Volvitur, atque uno longe decurrit in alvea

C 2 Ufquc

[ 'O

Where mighty Memphis emulates the ikies,
Egypt's firft wonder, and the world's furprife I
Thy natives, Egypt, thy too fruitful foil
Too much hath favour'd, fpar'd too much their toil,
Leaving them leifure fuch vafh works to raife,

More to create our wonder than our praife.

iWhile the proud pyramid the eye beguiles
With the vain grandeur of the iifelefs piles ;
Labour like that had better far been plac'd,
Egypt been better ferv'd, though not fo grac'd,
Had it been ufed to mend her diftant lands,
Improve her defarts, fertilize her fands j

Ufque ad planitiem, qua furgit maxima Memphis
Pyramidum aggeribus toturn cdebrata per orbem.
Indulfit nimium faciles telkiris opimse
Fertllitas fruges populo, nimiumque pepercit
Agricolse manibusj tanti jaftura laboris
Ut fieri poflit -, moles ut vulgus inanes,
Vanaque Pyramidum miracla ftupefceret orbis^
Tot potuere manus fteriles invertere glebas,
Emendare foliim, muris circumdare terras,
Et tanto imbellem munimine cingere gentem.

' Ut

[ '3 ]

To guard from war her realms at either end,

Protect her barriers, and her bounds defend.

So Egypt had been fafe from all her foes,

Had fear'd nor Perfian darts, nor Sufan bows :

Thy brazen phalanx, Macedon, in vahi

Had threatened havock to her fertile plain,

Still had (he holden, ftill to hold, her proud domain.

In feparate ftreams the Nile from Memphis flows ;
Each ftream its water to the ocean throws ;
Its eaftern branch Pelufium's turret laves,
Canopus' fhore receives its weflern waves.

That

Ut non incurfum populi tlmuifTet Eol,
Non Perfarum acies, pharetrataque robora Sufa^;
Nee Macedum ^ratas ceiriflet prseda phalangi
Fertilis TEgyptus ; fed inexpugnabilis armis
Atque fui juris feckim manfiflet in omne.

Volvitur a Memphi partito gurgite Nikis,
Extremoqiie Eurum verfus ferit asquora cornu
Ad Pelufiacas arces } at gurgite mollis
Alluit occiduo littus portumque Canopi.

Huic

C u ]

That title from the Grecian pilot came,
(With Menelaus handed down to fame)
Hiding whofe bones it henceforth took his name;
What time juft Proteus held the Phariau throne,
Proteus for chaftity and virtue known.
Who from the partner of her impious flame,
Adult' rous Paris, forc'd the Grecian dame,
Preferv'd her, e'en till Troy was laid in duft,
Spotlefs at leaft unfpotted by his luft
Nor then preferv'd her only, but reflor'd
To Menelaus arms, her lawful lord.
The middle fpace between the two extremes
Of the Nile's eaflern and its weflern flreams,

The

Huic dedit antiquum Menelai Navita nomen,
Littore (fi famse credas) tumulatus in iflo.
Cum Pharii juftus tenuit diademata regni
Proteus. Eripuit Paridi caftifllmus ille
Tindarida, et nullo vitiatam crimine fervansy
Poft Trojam excifam ferro flammifque marito
Reddidit. Haec tellus inter duo flumina Delta eft.

JDives

[ 15 I
The Delta holds, that land which flands alone
In every fort of wealth which land can own ;

Yielding the countryman its fruits unploughM^

Proud in its arts, as in its cities proud.

Why mention Butus' towers and Butus lake,

Where erfl in facred founds Latona fpake ?

Thy walks, Bufiris, and thy fatal flrand

To all who fought, thro' chance, or want, thy land I

Thy fabled altars wet with human blood,

Shed by Bufiris for Bufiris* food ?

That town to Venus dear, from Venus nam'd ?

And Sais for Minerva's temple fam'd ?

Mendes'

Dives opum, dives peconim, Isetifque colonum
Frugibus exfaturans, atque urbibus inclyta magnis.
Quid Butum, Bativc lacum, quo gentibus olim
Niliacis refponfa dabat Phcebeia Mater.
Quid fevam hofpitibus memorem Bufiridis urbem,
Funeflafque aras ? Teve urbs pulcherrima, nomen
Cui Venus ipfa dedit ? vel te delubra Minervjc
Aka tenens SaVs, quam rex Pfammiticus olim

Condidit?

[. i6 ]

Mendes' high towers, where, as m times hefore.

The nations their Arcadian God adore ? - r.l

*Tis there, ^s ancient fables flrangely tell, r

With women goats in monftroiis union dwell.

From which unnatural mixture fpringeth Pan,

That monfler, half a goat, and half a man ;

Whofe lufts, congenial with his birth in {hame>

For Cypariflus rais'd .his monflrous flame.

Yet from Canopus e'er he take his way,

Serapis Temple there demands his flay,

Anxious to know, alas too foon 1 the doom

Of future fortunes, and of wars to come.

Thi

Condidit? antiqusejuxta Ilant moenia Mendes,
Qua Deus Arcadia Pan paftoralis in urbe
Religione patrum colitur. Cum matribus illic
(Ut perhibent) capri coiere, et femine mifto
Fcedavere uteres, Olim fic ille creatus,
Qui pueri nimio Cypariffi ardebat amore.
Ante tamen quam rex Ptolemaeus a.b urbe Canopo
Per Deltam tranfire parat, (nam nota Canopo
''Templa Serapis habet) fcrutari oracula divum
Et belli cafus cupit explorare futures. ^.^

l '7 I

This God, who m Canopus holds his fhrhie,
Whom Egypt worfhips in the fnake's dcfign,
Difdaining means by other Gods in ule
Their facred fource of knowledge to diffufe ;
This God, not by the vehicle of voice.
As Ammon to the Libyans told his choice ;
Not by the faft or feafl, his judgment makes,
Thofe myftic modes the Memphian Apis takes :
Not as the Delphian oracle inflillM
Jts knowledge only to the frame it kiird.
While the poor prieftefs, by the God pofl'efsM,
Whether the purpofe fought were cursM or blefs'd.
Fell a fure vidlim to the truth profefsM,

Unlike

Hie Deus alta tenens molli delubra Canopo,
Quern fcrpentina Nilotica terra figura
Vicinique colunt, non voce oracula reddit,
Corniger ut Libycis colitur qui Syrtibus Ammon j
Non cfuve, fameve, velut Memphiticus Apis,
Carta boni, fative mali prasfagia pandit ;
Nee Phoebo fimilis Cyrrhaso, Virginis implet
Concuflbs artus miferae, quam poena recepti
Numinis, aut pretium mors immatura fequatur ;

D Erudit

[ '8 ]

Unlike to tlieie he on the fenfes fleals,
And truth by dreams in filent night reveals.
Here only knowledge without labour bought ;

Here only truth without refearches brought ;
In that ftill leafon doth the God impart
His wondrous workings to the human heart ;
InftruiSls it, for inftrudion leaft preparM,
And takes the guilelefs foul when off its guard ;
When all our arts fubfide ; that we may own,
Helplefs ourfelves, our help from him alone.
Haply the God takes pride to teach the breaft
Then when its pow'r to teach itfelf is leafh ,;

Or,

Erudit at placide humanam per fomnia mentem,
Nofturnaque quiete docet ; nulloque labore
Hie taiitum parta eft pretiofa fcientia, nullo
Excutitur ftudio verura, Mortalia corda
Tunc Deus ifte docet, cum funt minus apta doceri.
Cum nullum obfequium pr^eftant, meritifque fatentur
Nil fefe debere fuis j tunc redta fcientes
Cum nil fcire valent, non illo tempore fenfus

Mumanos

[ 9 ]
Or, as all other feafons are defignM
For the fpontaneous actions of the mnid,

His powV begins where human efforts end,
Left reafon (hould with infpiration blend,
And the Man's will the God's defign ofFeud.

The priefts condu6t the monarch to the (hrinc.
On the portentous couch his limbs recline.
Ne'er yet that couch a weight fo noble bore.
Was ne'er fo gorgeoufly attired before.
He refts (if reft can come amidft fuch gloom)
Reft of one night, that was to feal the doom
Of all his reftlefs days and nights to come !

Thofe

Humanos forfan dignatur numen inire
Cum propriis poflunt per fe difcurfibus uti,
Ne forte humana ratio divina coiret.

Jamque Sacerdotes Regem in penetralia templi
Duxerunt. Tyrio refplendens fanguine et auro
Stratus erat ledus, quo tu, Ptolemaee, recumbens
Fatidici infelix captas pnefagiafomni.

D 2 Sacratos

E 20 J

Thofe dreams alone that facred Ihrine peiTade
By thee, Serapis, for thy vot'rics made.
The various coinage of the human head.
By mortal minds in mortal manfions bred^
Our cares while waking in our deep revisM,
The night refle<fting what the day dcvis'd ;
This flirine fuch vulgar vapours come not nigh,
But at the entrance join their kindred fky,
Or in fantaftic forms around the portal fly.
There foremoft fport the vifions of delight
That give the cheerfulnefs of day to night ;
Thofe fanguine dreams, on rofy pinions borne,.
The airy entrance of the fhrine adorn.

Sacratos intrant templi Tola ilia receflus
Somnia, quae Deus ipfe creat; nam castera eun6la,
Quai vel temperies varias, variofve fequuntur
Corporis humores vel que repetita diei
Aut ftudia, aut curs finxerunt fomnia, templo
Exteriore volant multas imitantia formas.
Illic prae reliquis fufcam exhilarantia noflem
Formofa fpecie, rofeifque volantia pennis
Sanguinea apparent tennplique in margine ludunt.

His

[ 21 ]

To thefe, afTembling here from Venus' court.
The little brothers of the bow refort ;
Lo, crowds of Cupids meeting crowds of loves,
Thefe join their arrows with the other's doves ;
Thele too, with flames for wings, or as the light
Ifluing from fome dire meteor of the night,
Thofe dreams, that, in the fpecious form of reft,
Worfe than all watchfulnefs difturb the breaft,.
The dreams of angry choler hang aloof,
Striving, in vain, to rife above the roof.
Still in fuccefiive fearch of fancied foes.
And dealing round imaginary blows,.

His quoque de Veneris campo, placidoque vireto
Mille pharetrati fratres gens inolHs Amorura
Occurrunt noftu, et templo confortia jungunt.
Illic flammatis alls vel fulguris inftar
Nodlurnseve facis, per fumma cacumina templi
Somnia de flava nafcentia bile, volatu
Irato Ilrepitant, tanquam hoftem quaerere femper

Audacem

t i2 3

III raving reftleffnefs dart to and fro,

And think the Heav'ns themfelves for them too low.

There too, of neareft kindred to the lafl.

But far afunder in the dungeon caft,

The lagging loads of thick hlack choler crawl.

Unfit to rife, or rifing but to fall.

With the flow laboring flight, and with the found,

Of moping owls fcarce foaring from the ground.

As folitary too, approaching none.

From fear, yet fearing flill to be alone.

Wand' ring amongfl: the tombs with doleful dread.

In melancholy confort with the dead ;

Calling for comfort from the Stygian coafls,

And envying e*en the happinefs of ghofls.

There

Audacem et fasvas aflueta laceflere pugnas j
Excelfoque parant coelum fuperare volatu.
At contra timide tenebrofa per atria tempi i
Que nigra de bile fluunt, demiflius ibant.
Nodurnaeque ut aves ftrident feralibus alls
Inter bufta volant, et foedis fola fepulchris
Invitant Stygios moefta ad confortia Manes.

lUic

[ ^5 ]

There round the columns creep with flugglfli pace.
As the flow fnail marking its flimy trace.
Phlegmatic dreams from health impair'd that fpring,.
The trembling terrors that diforders bring,
Fearful to fall into the lake below,
That in their troubled fight feems flill to flow^
Thefe, and the other common dreams of earth,
As numerous as the fcenes that give them birth.
The image of each deed, each care,, each thought,

Our hopes and fears again before us brought :

All

lUic per poftes, albataque mcenia templi
Ignavo inceffu, tardae teftudinis inftar,
Somnia quae pituita creat, trepidantia ferpunt ;
Ne fi forte cadant, liquidis mergantur in undis ;
Nam femper vana falluntur imagine lymphas.
Haec inter volitant imitantia mille figuris
Quicquid agunt homines paflim ; totidemque feruntur
Quod patitur magnus diverfa negotia Mundus,
Aut objeda tenet, cedunt haec fomnia cundba

Divinis

t ^4 ]

All to the workings of the God give waj.

And from his (hrine at awful diftance flav,

* ... - - ^ - - .

The anxious night in vain was almoft fpent.
When now the God that boon ill wifliM-for fent.
At length in mjftic fleep are clofed his eyes,
But in that fatal fleep what dreams arife !
Dreams that forebode the change in Egypt's throne.
When Egypt fliall no longer be his own.
Treading with ftately flep an ox is feen
Of more than common fize, than common mien ;
Two ftars more bright, as all the reft was black,
This crown'd his forehead, that adorn'd his back :

Mournful

Divinis, quse dat Numen, longeque remota
Non audent templi facros intrare receflus.

Nofte fere media Ptolemasi pedora fomnu*
Vicerat optatus, cum jam divina Serapis
Somnia, mutandum iEgypti narrantia regnum,
Miferat. Inceflu tardo delubra petebat
Bos nigcr ingenti fpecie ; geminifque micabat
Pelle infignitus ftellis j quarum altera tergo,
Altera fronte fuit media. Lugubre videtur

% Mugirc,

[ 25 3

Mournful he feemM, and dlfmal was his yell;
From his black eyes the tears in drops faft fell.
Of meagre afpe6l, groaning flill he flood,
Either as wanting, or refufing food.
Now paufmg, now with pace -like paufe fo flow,
A female form majeflic march*d below.
Sad was her vifage, and her veflure black ;
Her hands in chains fafi: bound behind h^r back.
Tow*rs crown'd her head, and hung upon her hair.
Torn with the weight it was too weak to bear.
Then as the founds that ghofts imprifon'd vent,
A piteous murmur from the tomb was fetit ;

Miigire, atque oculis lacrymas efFundere nigris,
Confedtus macie, tanquam qui pabula nulla
Guftafiet moerens. Poft majeftate decora
Incedit, qiiamvis pullato foemina cultu
Turrigero laceros effundens vertice crines,
Atque catenates tendens poft terga lacertos.
Turn, velut Inferni plorarent carcere Manes,
Erupit fubito turaulis lacrymabile murmur

E Ex

[ 26 ]

The Maufoleum opeiiM to his eyes,

Gave up its dead the race of Ptolemies .

From Lag us fon the firft, in order, all

Pafs one by one, weeping the woman's fall.

Shock'd with the view, and inflant rouz'd from reft.

The cold-fweat trickling down his trembling breaft.

The Monarch quick the ihrine around furvey'd.

Anxious to fee, though of the fight afraid.

In vain he fought the vifion to reclaim ;

Fled with the dreams are all that with them came.

The

Ex imis, fcindi regalia Maufolca
Vidit, et erupto Ptolemaeum exire fepulchro
Lagaeum prime, reliquos hunc ordine reges
Pone fequi, miferae crudelia fata gementes.
His vero attonitus vifis Ptolemasus (ab omni
Nam gelidus trepido manavit corpore fudor)
Excuflb fomno templum circumfpicit omne,
Talia Divorum quserens ollenta ; fed ilia
Quae vidit, claufis, oculis non vidit apertis.

Jamque

[ ^7 ]

The priefts approach, with terror hear the tale.
And Egypt's fate decided, thence bewail.
Still to their country's Gods they rear the pile,
With the vain hope fllU to obtain their fmlle.
Thofe Gods, whom, Ptolemy, in vain you fuc,
Have flill feverer ills for thee in view :
Serapis told thee half thy fate alone.
And in thy kingdom's fall conceal'd thine own.

While vainly thus the King the hours deftroy'd,
Far other cares his adive foes employed.

A band

Jamque facerdotes veniunt, et fomnia Regis
Audita horrentes, hinc lamentabile fatum,
Atque propinquantem regni dixere ruinam
Niliaci. Turn Diis patriis luftrantur, etaras
Incendunt votis. Sed Dii propiore ruina
Te, Ptolemase, prement : cafus, miferande, futures
Dum patrias narrat, celat tua fata Serapis.

Interea valido Mithridates agmine nuper
Per Cilicum populos Syriasque extrema coa6to,

Ea Ad

[ ^8 ]

A band from Syria and Cilicia led,

With valiant Mithridates at tlieir head,

Had now with hade attain'd Pelufmm's tow*r.

Sole guard of Egypt, from the Syrian pow'r :

For on two forts all Egypt's flrength mufl: fland^

As Pharos guards by fea, this guards by land.

The boafted fortrefs made no long delay

To flop the conqu'ring leader, on one day

The city, with its citadel, gave way

Thence, with like fpeed, he took his order'd courfe

To join with Casfar's own colleded force.

Ad Pelnfiacam properans pervenerat arcem,

Quas viridem ^gyptum Syris difterminat arvis^

Nam tota i^gyptus clauflris munita duobus

Nititur; acceflum prohibens arx ifta pedeftrem,

Ut Pharos sequoreum, tanti funt moenia regni.

Sed non egregium omnino Pelufia tardant

Claullra ducem. Una dies arcemque expugnat et urbem.

Inde rapit celcri Mithridates agmine curfumj

Et fe Csfareis properat conjungere caftris..

Hoc

[ 29 ]

More wife to fee, more prudent to prevent.
The King had long preparM for this intent ;
His troops were plac'd the junlion to oppofe, '
A lofty ftation for his camp he chofe,
Whence fearlefs of alarm he might furvey
The plains of ^gypt that around hiin lay
The hill, hy nature fenc'd on evVy fide.
On its own proper ftrength alone relied.
Here the defcent, by broken rocks more fure ;
There the deep marfhes, made the way fecure ;
A third approach was by the river clos*d.
The ifthmus left the only pafs expos'd.

Hoc metuens equitum prsemiferat agmina turmis
Obvia CasHireis Ptoiemasus; dum fibi caftra
Colle locat celfo, late qui defpicit omnem
Planitiem, TEgyptus qua terram effufa patcntem
ExpHcat. Eft proprio mens undique robore tutus :
Difficilem dcclive folum, prcEruptaque faxa
Una parte dabant afcenfum :. tuta palude
Pars aha eft : rapido pars tertia cingitur amne.
Sola angufta aditus ad montem prxbuit ifthmos.

Sed

[ 3 ]

By nature guarded thus, not thus content
The foe's more near approaches to prevent ;
Their mod remote advances to molefV,
Each bridge he occupied, each pafs poflell:.
Rivers how diftant e'er he ftrove to guard,
But ftrove in vain fhall Romans ought retard,
'Gainft foes and all in aid of foes prepar'd ?
Not Egypt's arms, with aid of Egypt's wave.
The Pharian troops from Roman valour fave.
They fly, and, with the glory of the day,
Leave to the foe their undifputed way.

From

Sed non caftrorum tanto munimine tutum
Se fads efle ratus procul illo arcere parabat
Caefaris occurfum j pontesj aditufque remotes
Milite cuilodit prasmiflb, et difllta longe
Flumina nee quicquam (infelix) defendere tentat,
Nam neque Romanis animis fiducia ce^it
Contra hoftes, contraque locos pugnare paratis :
Virtutem Pharias nee fuftinuere catervae
Aufoniam. Cedunt ripis, et terga per agros
Praecipites dantes vidloribus omnia linquunt,

Conte6lam

[ 31 ]

From the commanding height the King foon view'd
The plains around with heaps of bodies ftrewM,
But moft that part where his own troops were plac'd,
By ftreams of blood with horror might be trac'd.
While from their fate he fearM himfelf the fame,
The fcatter'd remnants of the flaughter came,
Came to the camp to bear the fatal news;
Their aid to bring not, but their fears diffufe.
The fhoutsof joy, mix'd with the fcreams of fright,
Proclaim'd the urgent followers of their flight.
As true to Fate, as Fate to him was kind,
Caefar and Fate their efforts ftill combin'd.

Witl

Conteftam vidit caftris Ptolemseus ab aids
Corporibus terram, rubefadaque cxdc fuorum
Prata quibus fteterant, proprii pra^fagia fati
Triftia concipiens animo ; dum caftra petentes
Quos fuga fervavit pauci, non viribus augenc
AuxiHove fuos, implent fed cunfta timore.
Quorum vi6tores fugicntia terga fecuti
Inftabanti acrique ad Rcgia caftra tumultu
Perveniunt J qua; jam Ciefar conamine toto,
Dum fortuna calet, dumque omnia plena timore

Impiger

[ 3^ ]
With the fame blow, p-urfuit become attack.
He {lorm'd the camp, the fugitives drove back ;
Ne'er Ciefar refted, ne*er his foe might reft, ,
While yet one camp, one poft that foe polTefl:.
*' Go forth," he cried, '' compleat the work begun,
" Seize on your vicl'ry and reward in one.
* Look on }'0u' royal tent, as if there ftood
'* The price of all your valour, all your blood,
'* Behold together glittVlng on yon pile*
<' The wealth at once of Afia and the Nile :
" Gain'd by long thrift, and hoarded up with care,
* The riches of whole ages center there.

Shall

Impiger aggreditur ; nee adhuc vidboria certa
Effe videbatur, Pharii dum caftra tenebant.
Ite, viri, dixit, belloque imponite finem,
Virtutis pretium, mercedem fanguinis, auro
Argentoque referta tenent tentoria Regis ;
Niliacas gemmas, Erythraso e littore conchas,
Totque fimul procerum congeftas undique gazas,
Quas vobis debentur, ait, nunc fumere reftat.

[ 33 ]
** Shall thefe be thine ? or (hall they flill remain
" The pride of Egypt, and of Rome the ftain ?
** Due to your courage, to your labours due,
*' Well-earn'd, they wait but to be feiz*d by you.'*
To fuch rewards the foldiers, feldom flow.
At once to vil*ry and to plunder go ;
Firft on the iflhmus feize, the only way
Between the river and the marfli that lay.
That pafs the flower of Egypt's troops engag'd.
There firft the conflid, there the flaughter rag*d.
Hope of rewards in view urged thefe, and thofe
Fear of the mighty ftake they had to lofe.
Thefe vanquifli'd, ftill the chance of flight remain'd,
To thofe no fafety but from vid'ry gain'd.

With

Et rapere a viflis. Nee prsedam quferere tantam
Segnis erat miles ; parvam prime occupat Ifthmon.
(Sola aditum hsec prsbens disjungit ab amnc paludcm)
Illam prsecipue pubes iEgyptia fervat.
lUic conciirrunt, oriturque miferrima casdes.
Hos formido ingens, et fi vincantur in armis
Defperata falus : prasdae fpes excitat rilos.

F lUic

[ 34 ]

With equal zeal from difPrent caufes fraught,
Thoie from defpah*, and thefe from av'rice fought*
The lake, the river, flaughter'd heaps receive
Of limbs fcarce dead, and bodies fcarce alive.
That in the waters found their deaths and graves,
DoomM to the double fate of wars and waves ;
Foe grappling Foe, each in the mutual ftrife
His own neglecting, feeks the other's life ;
Together pIungM, together ftill they cleave.
Nor even then the furious conteft leave ;
Vain fight 1 where each refigning up his breathy
The vidor with the vanquifhM fmks in death ;

While

Illic immenfa rabie decernitur ; amnis
Atque palus multo foedantur utrinque cruore,.
Semianimefque artus, et faucia corpora volvunt ;
Quas gemino pereunt fato. Dumque hoftibus hoiles
Conferuere manns, alternaque brachia nexu
Robuflo tenuere, cadunt in flumina junfti ;
Nee furiofa illic linquunt certamina j pugna
Contendunt ambo collapfi flumine vana ;
Nam vidum Stygias fcquitur cito vISlot ad umbras.

Dumque

[ 35 ]

While on this fpot, and this alone intent,

The whole -Egyptian force was thither bent,

Caefar furvey'd with care the mountain round.

One pafs, if pafs it was, unguarded found ;

A broken rock there feem'd within his reach,

Deem'd by the foe a fafeguard, not a breach.

Thither was Carfulenus quick difpatch'd

With his light troops, to try the height unwatchM :

Nor proved the fervice hard, the rock there laid.

At once the ladder and the breach had made.

And nature's works by nature were betray 'd.

The height thus gain'd, the wretched Pharians felt

Deflrudtion whence they leafl cxpeded dealt.

And

Dumque omnes ilia caftrorum parte feroces
Concurrere manus Pharise; celfum undique Cccfar
Contemplans montem, prserupta parte videbat

(Qua miferiseft; coUis inexpugnabilis efle
NiUacis vifus) nullo cuftode teneri -,
Confeftimque levcs illuc jubet ire catervas
Quas Carfulenus duxit. Nee dura videntur
llxc mandata Ducis i fcandunt acclivia faxa,

F 2 Prar'

[ 36 }

And as In fcom of arts, of arms, in (hamct
Death thus alone, becaufe unlook'd for, came.
Now Carf ulenus o'er the hill had paft.
And gain'd the camp of Ptolemy at lafl ;
The guards aftoniQiM, fled ; the camp amazM,
Alike with wonder, and with horror gazM !
Doubtful if mofl to fear or force a prey.
The routed camp on every fide gave way ;
Confufion ends what conqueft had begun.
And though the battle, not the flaughter's done.

Unfafe

Prascipitemqne locum capiunt. Mors opprimit inde
Niliacos, poterat minimo unde labore repelli.
Jam Carfulenusper collem afcenderat audax,
Cumque levi intrarat Ptolemasi caflra cohorte,
Attoniti fugiunt cuflodes ; caftra tumultu
Implcntur j fubitis perculfi cafibus omnes
Hue illuc miferi difcurrunt ; quidve relinquant
Quidve petant capti non norunt. Casfariani
(Dum trepidant intus, dum conficit omnia terror)

Acriter

[ 21 ]

Unfafe to fly or ftay, where neitherfpir'd.

All, all alike, the vi6lor's vengeance fhar*d.

Mercy alone they a(k, nor mercy find,

By Caefar to his foldiers thus confignM :

* Erafe the mifcreants for the public good,

'* And purge the world of fo much guilty blood.**

Nor pitied he the wretched crowd the more.

That 'mongft them, fome the Roman arms once bore j

From Syria, with Gabinius at their head.

To aid the exil'd * monarch thither led :

Who,

Acriter inftantes irrumpunt undique caflris.
Implorat fruftra veniam gens vifta j furentes
Nee tenuit Csefar gladios j maftare nocentes
Imperat, invifoque orbem purgare cruore.
Pars turbas miferae Latiis nutrita fub armis,
Et de Romuleis legionibus ante fuiflet.
Hos olim e Syria duxit Gabinius audax
Exulis auxilio regis, belloque perado

Ptolemacus Aulctes was baniflied from his kingdom of Egypt, by the means
f Archelaiis, his Ion in law, when he tied to Rome, and by the fiipport of
Tompey, and afllftance of Gabinius, was from thence reftoxcd to his kingdom.

Pila

[ 38 ]

Who, when the war was o'er, from Rome eflrang'd,
The Roman ilandard for the Pharian changM ;
And with the arms of Rome, her arts refignM,
Ahke in valour as in ftrength dechnM ;
Till funk hi -Egypt's vices, they became

By nature Pharians, Romans but byname.

At diftance from the camp the King defcry'd,
By a fmall rope, a flender veffel tied ;
Thither he rufh'd, amid the general fight.
With fome few trufty followers of his flight :
Ere he embark'd, fo to be known the /els.
He ftopp'd to throw alide his royal drefs.

Pila fatellitio Phario Romana rellquit :
Tempore torpuerant vires, luxuque Canopi
Cceperunt fra6ti veteres dedifcere ritus,
Atque iEyptiacos paulatim aflumere mores.

Non procul a caftris fugiens confpexit in undis
Rex mifer baud magno pendentem a fune carinam -,
Et cito confcendens, comites de littore juffit
Solvere, purpureos humeris dejecit amidus,
Ne nofci fugiens poterat. Sed dura falutem

But

Fata

[ 39 ]

But here his adverfe fate purfued him flill.

And turn'd that fancied good itfelf to ill.

From thence, at once, more furely doom*d to die.

And dead, with common carcafes to lie.

Fatal delay ! that gave but time for more.

With the fame hope, to hurry to the fliore.

The boat before them, Caefar in their rear.

No view but flight, no thought remain'd but fear ;

Senfelefs as bafe, they ru(h in crowds on board,

Themfelves to fave not, but to fmk their lord ;

No more their lord, danger had levell'd all.

They fink together in one common fall.

Fata negant ; mifero detra6la infignia folum
Hoc Prolemnse dabant, utvilior umbra jaceres,
Namque hanc de caftris iEgyptia turba carinam
Aflequitur fugiens, properantque afccndere cun<5bi
Caefarei urgcbant gladii poft terga ; fugaflet
Jam timer officium ; pavidis reverentia nulla
Regis crat, nlmio dum pondere vifla carina
Deficit, & rapidis Ptolemasus mergitur uodisr

Bur

PIcbeio

[ 40 ]

But now a monarch, and what now thy ftate ?
Thy flaves the caufe, and fellows of thy 'fate !
Lord of the Nile, and could'ft thou find no grave,
But thine own Nile's inhofpitable wave ?
Unhappy monarch i firft of all thy race
Whofe afhes no proud pyramids embrace !
While reftlefs thou art tofs'd upon thy Nile,
They reft in peace beneath their fplendid pile :
They gave not up their grandeur with their breath ;
Their wealth while living, followM them in death :
Their fplendour flrove to foften fate's hard doom,
And robb'd the fun'ral of it's wonted gloom.

How

Plebeio extincftus fate, gelidoque fepultus
Rex, ^gypte, tuus Nilojacet, ultima tantae
Et miferanda domus foboles. Non Maufoleis
Excelfis habitant Manes, non Regia templis
Condita, marmoreis aut montibus ofla quiefcunt
Lagseae de more domus, qui funera luxu,
Divitiifque foletninaiis violare fepulchra.

Quam

{ 4' }
How fliort,. O Ptolemy, thy j&ted reign.
Like the poor vitim crownM but to be flain !
Yet, oh ! too long that reign, t<?o full of guilt,
StainM with the blood of Ponipey bafely fpilt ;
Had'ft thou but died before, thou had'ft been made
A happier far, although an earlier (hade.
For this did Pompey make Auletes free ?
f Reftore thy father, to be flain by thee ?

Ungrateful

Quam breve crudeles regnum, Ptolemaeej dederunt
Dii tibi ! non aliter Pharium diadem a gerebas
Hoftia quam triftem geftat moritura coronam.
Sed breviora tameii fi Dii tibi regna dediffent.
Ad Styga venifles felicior umbra, priufquam
Sanguine Niliacas perfudit Magnus arenas,
Depulfo qui fceptra tuo dedit ante parenti.

-j- This young king, Ptolomcus Dionyfius, fon to Ptolomeus Auletes, had
flain Pompey the Great, flying to him in his ncccffity, who formerly had been
the greateft mean of reftoring his father, Auletes, to tlie crown of Eg)'pt.
Dion. Plutarch. Appion.

G Quam

[ 4^ ]

Ungrateful king ! ill did'ft thou Casfar know,
*ro court his favour by fo bafe a blow.
DoomM juftly by the hand of him to bleed.
For whom thou did'ft th' inhofpitable deed :
The worthy vidim of a wretched (hade.
To Pompey offer 'd, and by Csefar made ;
For ever be the glorious deed renown'd,
Pompey's avenger was in Casfar found I

To Alexandria now the vi6lor went.
His meflenger of peace before him fent.
To calm the fears their coward confcience felt,
Left vengeance, juftly due, be juftly dealt.

Tenunc occif], rex ingrati dime, Magni
Manibus inferi'as C^far (quern demeruiffe
Crimine fperafti) mittit; generique perempti
Ne pofTit debere nefas, ulcifcitur ipfe,
Inque tua titulum pietati? caede requirit.

Pellaeam tendens viftor jam Csefar ad urbem,
Ne Duels advcntum tanti, juftafque timeret

I Iras

[ 43 ]

Nor pardon only, but protedion gave ;
Their lives not only, but their laws to fave ;
Profeffing the firm purpole to replace
On their own throne of Egypt Lagus* race.

Iras vidoris fibi confcia turba rebellis,
Praemittit veniam cundis, trepidantia folvens
Corda metu ; leges populo, proavitaque jura
Se conceflurum affirmans, ct debita ftirpi
Lagseas dudum Pharii diademata regni.

THE END.

'-r.i ,.; "r;D ii

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