UC-NRLF J S GIFT OF Researc Progress Facts f( ^^^^■^^•■■^ ; U N i V E i< S I A Year of Governmental Research w^ith certain Facts about our City, County and Schools, and their Progress during 1916.1917 Dayton Bureau of Research "'~ July 1. 1917 ^i--^ "h '^^ :0^ The Daytonian's Creed I BELIEVE in Dayton, the Dayton of the Pretent,— the city of precision, the Gem City of Ohio; where employers and employes, thru co-operation and sym- pathetic effort, toil to achieve for each the common hirthri0it of mankind and maintain the rule of man*s obligation to man; whose government is efficient and popularly responsive, and equipped to serve the com- munity's broad needs, and whose crowning glory is her vision and her realisation of social justice and common service. I BELIEVE in Dayton, the Dayton of the Future,— a city of five hundred thousand souls; a great center of throbbing life^ of happy and contented homes, of prosperous business and thriving industry; a city made possible thru the foresight and common sense of men and women of the present, who dared to dream dreams and conceive and execute plans for a great city offer- ing all the services desired for the common good, and whose example produced a new type of citizenship, be^er and nobler than we, made wiser by the steady growth of truth; a city where friends are true friends, neighbors real neighbors, and each and every citizen truly a community builder. I PLEDGE to Dayton a continued striving for a more complete understanding of her problems, a more active participation in the broader functions of citizen- ship, a more generous contribution to her needs, and a more hopeful attitude toward her possibilities, in order that out of our hopes and labors now may grow a community truly democratic, prosperous, safe, healthful and strong — an honor to America and to God. 3(>JSG8 Organisation, and Purpose The Dayton Bureau of Research was organised in October, 1912, by Mr. John H. Patterson, and privately supported by him until July, 1916. It was then reorganised as the Dayton Bu- reau of Research, to permit endorsement and support by a widely representative body of citizens, with a Board of Trus- tees directing its policy. The Bureau is organised for the purpose of: Acting as the representative of interested but busy citizens in following the governmental activities of the city, the schools, and the county Promoting effective and economical government by co- operating with public officials in the installation of estab- lished business methods in public business Providing continuous and effective publicity, to keep the public informed and interested in the local government. Trustees and staff for the year ending July 1, 1917, are: Trustees J. F. Ohmer, Acting Chairman C. H. Bosler, Secretary I. G. Kumler, Treasurer F. J. Ach H. G. Carnell S. H. Carr E. A. Deeds F. T. Huffman C. F. Kettering G. B. McCann J. H. Patterson F. H. Rike Adam Schantz H. E. Talbott Staff C. E. Rightor, Director D. C. Sowers Walter Matscheck C. B. Greene W. M. Cotton Page three DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH "Government of tke People " Government! Cooperative community action — the agency for do- ing certain things for the common good which are better done collectively than individually In time of peace, it protects our life, health and property ; educates our children ; pumps water to the home and factory ; removes garbage, ashes and waste; patrols the streets, and cleans, lights and repairs them ; maintains parks and playgrounds for children out of school — all of these and more. It serves us cheaper than we could serve ourselves, and in ways we could not serve ourselves In time of war, its contact is even more forcibly impressed upon us — it does all the foregoing, and it also regulates our supply of food, fuel and clothing; it demands the use of our life and property; it becomes a part of our very existence If ever governmental affairs should be administered in a business manner, that time is now. Governments must lead the way in personal and national thrift. As the governing body which di- rectly affects the lives of all our citizens, our city government has a clearly defined duty in effective administration. Paije four RESEARCH PROGRESS FACTS Wkere Your Tax Dollar Goes 1917 Rate X Duplicate = Taxes 15.6 mills $178,800,000 $2,789,800 Per Per Debt Per Total Cent. Operation Cent. Charges Cent. State $ 80,500 3 $ 80,500 100 County 667,900 24 $ 374,600 56 293,300 44 Schools & Library 735,900 26 633,600 86 102,300 14 City 1,305,500 47 579,000 44 726,500 56 $2,789,800 100% $1,587,200 57% $1,202,600 43% Pa^e five DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH The War and Costs In war time the duties of local governments are greatly expanded, labor and materials are scarce, and the resulting costs of public activities advance tremendously To meet these conditions governments must be economical, effi- cient, and practical. Best methods are indispensable. To prove its case, a city must know its costs The Division of Streets annually spends about $225,000, or 16% of the city's operating budget. It cleans and repairs 105 miles of paved streets; collects and reduces 16,000 tons of garbage; removes 93,000 cubic yards of rubbish ; repairs bridges. It operates a stable of 40 horses, 13 motor vehicles, an asphalt plant and numerous equipment The City Manager wanted to know exact costs on the 25 separate services the Division of Streets is giving the citizens, and at his request the Bureau installed a complete new system for measuring every unit of service. For instance, costs are now obtainable per square yard of street cleaned, per yard of street repaired, per ton of garbage collected, per cubic yard of rub- bish removed, per day for horses or motor vehicles used, and so on Should not cost data be secured for all other activities of the city Would you consider the City-Manager form a success if it were not able to secure such facts? Page $ix RESEARCH :: PROGRESS FACTS Keeping Tab on the City's Money $3,500,000 a year received and disbursed by the city of Dayton re- quires careful recording to ensure its being handled correctly and promptly Sound accounting is the backbone of sound business. The business affairs of the city must be supported by adequate financial rec- ords, for the protection both of the citizens and the administra- tor. A sound accounting system is required to afford control over present activities and to promote intelligent planning for future guidance A complete program for an accounting procedure for the entire city has been devised by the Bureau, and has been accepted by the City Manager and the Director of Finance Instead of showing only cash receipts and disbursements — M^hich any city can do, — Dayton now will have complete information regarding revenues and expenses, property, equipment, stores, etc., such as is obtained in private business Standard classifications of accounts will afford the details with re- spect to the cost of each function and activity of the city; the current operation statement of revenues accrued and expenses incurred; and a balance sheet, with supporting schedules and exhibits The inauguration of the new system marks a milestone in Dayton's accounting practice. Page seven DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH $1,500,000 for 150,000 Budgeting a City's Work and Funds Guiding a ship without a chart is a precarious occupation. Guid- ing a government without a budget is an equally hazardous pastime, both to the administrator and the citizens Fundamentally, a budget is a work-expenditure-revenue program for a definite period. It is used in successful business ; it must be used in government. A city renders service to its citizens. This should all be done according to well-laid plans. De- mocracy means that those served shall have a voice in prepar- ing the program of that service Do you care what the city is to do each year? How it will raise $1,500,000 for operating its departments? What services it proposes to render you in spending that amount? Would you compare future promises with past performances? With an adequate budget the entire story is revealed to you, and before its adoption by the legislative body — your representatives — you have an opportunity to express your objection or approval The Bureau analyses the annual budget because it wishes to know the policies to be followed during the year. It helps the City Manager do the clerical work, in order that all the citizens may have a full statement of facts more readily The budget is one of the most potent instruments of an extensive and intelligent popular control of government. That govern- ment which has not an adequate budget will fail. Page eight RESEARCH PROGRESS FACTS Financing the City's Current Operations — $1,446,000 Receipts, as Estimated for 1917 B^r,iiJ.o\ rubhc 5o/ety- ff»«Uir»/C,m*\ Police L can ^(rfo PuUicWellarc- ^7^ Expenditures, as Authorised for 1917 Receipts Property Taxes $ 550,800 Liquor and other taxes 138,800 Water Works 285,000 Market Rents 27,000 Garbage 86,000 Welfare Dept 14,100 Municipal Court 32,000 Licenses 17,000 Permits 32,100 Reimbursements .... 83,000 Interest on Deposits 55,600 Temporary Loan 65,000 Cash Balance 49,300 Other 10,300 Total $1,446,000 Expenditures Board of Elections..$ 37,000 Municipal Court 33,600 Sinking Fund 69,000 General Admin 88,850 Temporary Loan 65,000 Engineering 27,100 Street Lighting 95,000 Streets 234,500 Sewers 24,100 Water 127,000 Lands & Buildings.. 30,000 Welfare — Health 49,000 Contributions 67,850 Other 76,000 Safety — Police 188,500 Fire 199,000 Other 34,500 Total $1,446,000 Page nine DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH Are Dayton's Bonds Safe* $728,000 in taxes was levied this year for debt purposes, and only $550,000 for current operation of the city government This $728,000 is to pay interest on the city's debt of $7,000,000, and to pay off some old bonds maturing this year, and the balance is set aside as a sinking fund reserve The sinking fund is the taxpayers' saving account for the payment of outstanding bonds ; it is the bondholders' primal security for their bonds. Sound administration of the sinking fund is of vital importance to the advancement of public welfare, because upon it depends the future credit of the city With a scientifically computed sinking fund reserve on each bond issue, and an adequate accounting control over the sinking fund, the integrity of the public debt is guaranteed against ir- regularities. The fund will be preserved thru the long process of accumulation, and misuse of the money by public officials will be prevented The Bureau made an exhaustive study of the city's sinking fund and an actuarial computation of the amount which the sinking fund should be on September 1st, 1917; an accounting control was also established The study disclosed that the sinking fund has $300,000 in excess of requirements. Dayton's Bonds are Safe. Puge ten RESEARCH :: PROGRESS :: FACTS Wken the Government Goes into Business Is the city water works a self-supporting utility The water works was started by the city in 1869, and today has a plant investment of $2,900,000 The Bureau has made a study of the business, including its history, a description of the plant, an analysis of results of operation Dayton's water works is self-supporting. Moreover — 1. The supply of water is greater than ever before 2. All extensions are made according to a definite plan of development by competent engineers 3. The pumping capacity of the plant has been increased 68% since 1913 4. One billion more gallons of water were pumped in 1916 than in 1910, with a consumption of 700,000 pounds less of coal 5. The water supply in Dayton View and the West Side has been changed from no pressure to adequate pres- sure ; use of water is encouraged 6. The net profit of the plant in 1916 was approximately $90,000 7. Dayton enjoys one of the lowest water rates to be found in the United States. 33% of the consumers pay the minimum rate — $4.40 per year and 63% of all con- sumers pay less than $5.00 Public business can be placed on the same plane of efficiency as private business. Pa^e eleven DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH Learning Results via Grapkic Charts A good executive has been described as "a man who decides every question quickly and is right half the time" The executive of the future will decide quickly and be right more than "half the time", because he will base his decisions on the analysis of actual facts so presented that all the important ten- dencies of the business can be grasped at a glance The modern executive insists upon reports and results being re- duced to curves, diagrams and charts The extent, volume and complexity of a city's activities require that the Manager should receive precise information from all the departments in condensed form The Bureau has been cooperating with the Department of Public Service to secure monthly reports from the Division of Streets in graphic form. A sample of these reports is shown herewith Dayton's industries are famous for making instruments of pre- cision ; let the city government be famed for the precision of its methods Dayton — the City of Precision. Page twelve RESEARCH PROGRESS FACTS Telling Tkeir Own Story A sample of the graphic charts now being received by the City Manager. D«P*r r. P«Wi« 5.rv.„ >« Ju i: AU »»t ^,„- - ■"' <... *- '- Yrf^'l C, t ^ \ rtaa x\ ^^^,^. \ ■» c.A/c y; \ \ / >1 Vj \ -^ / 1 -^ rr--^ ■> -'-^~ ^ ■^♦rf .- y^ '&• (Toif ^.r { y ■^""*'*< *.,. //• : \ ^ • , \ "~~~~- -.:\ V— ' ' /J» 1 /M >f7 Pa^e thirteen DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH Some Reasons for the $2.20 Increase Increased taxes result from increased government activities. These activities increase in response to the demands of the people, who are, in the last analysis, the government. They are per- formed by the city, county and schools Some public service is done at one-fifth the cost of private service — as rubbish removal ; some cannot be done by the individual, — as health protection The tax rate for 1917 is $15.60 per $1000 assessed property valua- tion. For 1916 it was $13.40 per $1000. The increase of $2.20 did not all go to the city : — County increase, $1.15 City increase, 1.07 Schools decrease, .02 Of the county's increase, $1.00 is for good roads Of the city's increase, 13 cents is for operation, 3 cents for pensions, 59 cents for old debt charges, and 32 cents for the million-dol- lar bond issue voted by the people The city levies more taxes for debt charges than for operation Taxation is the greatest unsolved problem of government. Page fourteen RESEARCH ;: PROGRESS ;; FACT Planning Maps V8. Control tkru Complaints Do you govern your work by complaints received Too many cities regulate their activities by trying to answer com- plaints of citizens instead of planning and prosecuting their work so as to eliminate complaints Dayton, like the modern business concern, established the use of planning boards and routing and scheduling sheets to exercise control over its activities The Bureau devised planning boards for the Division of Streets and the Division of Engineering. Ordinary maps of the city have indicated on them by colors the character of every kind of paving. A series of colored pins indicates the status of all work in progress. A glance reveals a crossing needing repair, a hole in the pavement, location of a road gang, etc. Standard route maps show by color scheme the area of streets cleaned weekly and monthly, and days on which they are cleaned; and the ash and garbage routes, with days of collec- tion, are given The Engineer's map shows every stage of street improvement, from the petition of property owners for the work to the final payment on the contract after the work is finished Every section of the city receives its share of municipal service, and the planning boards ensure that the work will be done on schedule time. Changes in employes do not handicap the work — a permanent record displaces a man's memory. Page fifteen DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH Talking Good Government vs. Proving Good Government Is the government of the city better in 1917 than it was in 1913 Can you prove it — or tell just how much better The government is doing more things today than ever before. But it is costing more. Can the additional cost be justified The Bureau believes it is better and the cost can be justified. It believes the real proof of its effective and economical service is a complete statement of facts about the government The Bureau has started a careful, impartial study of the accomplish- ments of the city government during the period 1910-1916. Costs and results will be given for every activity the city per- forms Can anything surpass facts as a basis for advocating the continu- ance of a good administration, for "the survival of the fittest" in city government Our debt to the cause of municipal betterment requires a critical, analytical, unbiased, historical review and a report to the na- tion of the truth. Page tixteen RESEARCH PROGRESS :: FA C T S Are Public Sckools Public Property? Dayton citizens have intrusted to Dayton schools a large part of the life training of 19,000 children between the ages of 4 and 20. How this training is conducted should be of interest to all To provide facilities for this training Dayton citizens have invested $3,500,000. Property of this value certainly ought to be worthy of the attention of all To operate these schools $600,000 a year is contributed thru taxa- tion. To see that this sum is well spent requires more interest than is generally given Since schools are operated for the training of all the children of the city, and since the funds to conduct them are provided by the public, why is the public not taken more into confidence by the school board? Why are all committee meetings — where poli- cies are determined and where legislation is really enacted — secret? Are star-chamber methods consistent with a demo- cratic operation of a public business Existing conditions are due largely to the fact that the public per- mits them There is some public interest, but far from enough. What there is, is disorganised and indefinite. It has resulted in much criti- cism but in little action To help make the schools more efficient, to make their government democratic, and to arouse public interest, is the purpose of the Bureau's entrance in the school field. Page seventeen DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH o CO u ft As i< « o >, ^ -k ja « ^ « «^ J3 ^T" « c^' ti< o >» x" V t . ** ; : o • ' f , J3 u « U 1 J k^.. H Q. t t O 1 ^ ! v» fc V « X ■tv s U^ 1 Page eighteen RESEARCH :: PROGRESS :: FACTS A Maximum for a Few or A MinimLumi for All Four new elementary schools are being built in Dayton which are so complete in rooms and equipment as to almost deserve the adjective "luxurious". They will accommodate 1960 pupils with 40 in a room In districts not affected by the new schools, as well as in those to be affected, 75% of the children are in classes of over 40 (the educational maximum) ; one-third of these are in classes of over 50 In the districts not affected by the new schools no relief is to be afforded. A more conservative expenditure on the new build- ings would have made possible relief to several other schools Can we afford ultra-fine schools in some parts of the city and ultra- poor conditions in others Would not just plain good schools in all parts of the city be pre- ferable In one respect the new schools are deficient — the heating and venti- lating systems are not such as meet the requirements of the best school practice. No humidifying devices are provided; hot air furnaces are used. The costs of plants of the same type in two of these schools varied unduly without explanation : 12 Furnaces, Jefferson School, $21,300 13 Furnaces, E. J. Brown School, 9,900 1 more Furnace $11,400 less cost Page nineteen DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH Planning V8. Paf ckwork In your business do you make your building plans to cover a period of years, or do you follow a patchwork method of adding a building where and when most convenient If you were managing a school system, would you use the same foresight that you exercise in your private business? Would you plan your buildings for several years ahead, according to the tendency of growth, funds, and other considerations In order to do this, would you make preliminary studies of past growth to show where further growth will probably be, how rapid that growth will be, what funds will be available, what will be the best method of financing, the best types of buildings for the purpose, and all other items that enter Many school systems have reached this state of advancement. The Bureau has for some months been attempting to secure the co- operation of the Board of Education in the preparation of such a program. The probable effect of the proposed West Side High School upon such a program has been reported on briefly A concrete instance of the need for planning is that of two of the new schools now being erected. These schools are to accom- modate 600 and 560 pupils respectively; their enrollment next year will probably not exceed 300 each The Bureau will continue the effort to secure the adoption of a five or ten-year building program. Page twenty RESEARCH PROGRESS FACTS Budget Making for Economy and Efficiency IF this sum will heat EACH ROOM in .^^^J ONE SCHOOL Why Spend EACH ROOM ^ANOTHER With coal at $9 a ton, is not information like this necessary to pre- vent waste Is it not needed also for all other expenditures The answer is that this illustrates just one reason why more ade- quate budget procedure and business records are needed. When fuel costs vary from $80 per room in one school to $22 in an- other, there is some need for reasons, standardisation and rec- ords Another reason for a better budget system is that the people want to know more about school finances, and they cannot know under the present plan Would you not be interested to know whether we are spending rel- atively too small an amount on kindergartens, grade schools, high schools, night schools? That is, are we slighting any of them A budget tends to give one hundred cents educational service for each dollar spent. Page iweniy one DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH $125,000 Piled Up Unnecessarily Complaints of shortage of funds have been coming from school sources — how operate the new schools, how increase salaries, without an increased proportion of tax rate The Bureau wanted to help the schools get more funds if they needed them, but it wanted to do so without crippling city and county work Then the Bureau found: School budget methods precluded possibility of ascertain- ing exact estimates of needs Accounting methods prevented a statement of comparisons between appropriations and expenditures Expenditures have been taken care of out of receipts — balances have been accumulated The monthly balances of the Board of Education are approximately $125,000 larger than is necessary. This $125,000 can be released for operation ; it is sufficient to operate the new schools and to increase teachers' salaries next year and still have a safe work- ing balance left For the following years, the tax rate can be adjusted without injury to the city and county, — that is, the special road tax can be transferred to schools if the people will vote it $125,000 on deposit in a bank earns only about 3%. How much would it earn if kept by the taxpayers ; or how much would it earn in increased service if spent for better salaries, for better school buildings, for a junior college, and for telling the public about the schools? Page twenty two RESEARCH PROGRESS :: FACTS Why School Costs are Lo\v There are six main reasons for growth of school costs per pupil, — Higher salaries Larger schools and better equipment Additions to the course — manual training, domestic sci- ence, etc. Reduction in the number of pupils per teacher Better trained teachers General increase in prices In Dayton in 1904-05 the cost per pupil in the elementary schools was $27.63. In 1915-16 it was $31.22 Deducting costs of manual training and domestic science in each year, the cost in 1904-05 was $26.73. In 1915-16, $26.85 Thus one of the six factors given above accounts for all difference. To the extent that salaries have been increased in the 1 1 years the increase has been offset by overcrowding of buildings and rooms, giving too many pupils to each teacher, and to minor items The four new buildings will help. A building program 5 years ago would have prevented such conditions Per pupil costs in high schools have increased from $49.07 to $61.56 in the same time High schools have been treated relatively better than elementary schools. Page twenty three DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH or 14 The Bureau has talked, written, and wbrked for a small school board. It will talk, write, and work for it some more. Some day Dayton will get a small board Dayton has been discriminated against in the matter of school board. Dayton is the only city in Ohio with a board as large as 14 members. One other city has 9. All others vary from 3 to 7 Moreover, 12 of the 14 members are elected, one from each of 12 sub-districts of the city, and each represents his own sub-dis- trict as opposed to the 11 other sub-districts. Only 2 represent the city at large. Would you not prefer to have all members represent the whole city and work for the best welfare of the whole city 7 of the 14 members are to be elected this Fall. The Bureau will question the candidates, submit issues to them and try to find out whether or not they stand for progress in our schools. The Bureau urges the people of the city to vote for members who stand for better schools. The Bureau cannot approve nor oppose the candidacy of any individual. Personalities are out- side of the functions of a Bureau The Board of Trustees of the Bureau has approved the proposal of women on the Board of Education. Would not some women inject a valuable point of view? Page twenty four RESEARCH PROGRESS FACTS Another Kind of Education This is a sample of the full-page advertisements appearing in every Dayton newspaper. EVERY DA YTON N EWSPAPER What the City Officials are Doing For tlie Babies of Dayton During the entire week. May 29 to June 3, the people of Dayton will work for the babies. Plans are under way by Dr. Light, the City Health Officer, for a baby-saving campaign, starting that week. Baby is king every week, and he has been king during the entire past two years, under the administration of City Manager Wciite and the supervision of Dr. Garland, director of Public Welfare. The present campaign is to let all the people have a part in this great work. In 1913 one baby died out of every 8 babies born. In 1914 one baby died out of every 10 babies bom. In 1915 one baby died out of every 11 babies bom. For Dayton, the death rate of babies under one year old is 88.8 out of every thousand born; it is 124 out of every thousand for the entire country. In the Last Two Years 95BabiesWereSavedBy Elstablishing five milk stations thruout the city. Holding 3 1 2 baby clinics. Nurses calling on prospective mothers and new mothers. 1 caching the importance of clean milk and breast-feeding. Showing mothers how to care for, dress and feed babies. MILK STATIONS )en dunng the entire ' Health Offica. Cspoel Building Wuhmgton and Etbrcn SchooU dunng the < trn>emtU. 291 infants wen fed from the nu\k i are kefrt open dunng the entire year at the City .Offic - - the Webater and Garfield Schooh. abo at the This Year More Babies Can Be Saved By Teaching prospective mothers how to care for themseh^es. Teaching more mothers how to dress, feed and care for their babies. More mothers coming to the milk stations. More visits to babies by nurses. Better co-operation between physicians &n6 the milk stations. FREE BABY CLINICS are held every Wedne»3ay and Friday afternoon aH through the > ear at the City Oivtaion of Health Officea. Cappel Bmldiog. and every inonMa« at 541 four MORE CAN BE FED 'EVERY BABY A HEALTHY BABY' t^T ONE OF THESE BABIES WED In 1915 a corps of twelve visiting nurses, under the supervision of Dr. Light, city Gjrmnissioner of HeeJth, made (in addition to calls on the sick and needy) 10.571 calls on 2.007 of the 2.591 babies born that year. During the heated summer months, because of the great danger to babies' lives, they devote especial attention to keeping infamt sickness down as much as possible. At certain hours the nurses are present at each miflc station, prepanng and modifying milk, and giving it out to the mothers and children who come; giving prospective and new mothers advice on how best to take care of themselves and their babies; instructing them as to proper diet for babies, how to dress and care for them. €< EVERY BABY A HEALTHY BABY 99 Dajrtoa Bureau of RcmvcIi. 613 ScfawM BoiUaw Page twenty five DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH Other Business Studies The Bureau has also studied in the business department of the schools : Accounting Stores Purchasing Repair procedure Method of paying bonds Work on none of these, except bond payments, has been completed as yet Bonds are at present paid on a deferred serial plan which causes excessive interest payments. A plan is suggested by the Bu- reau which, if adopted, will result in $170,000 less cost on pres- ent outstanding issues by the time of final payment $170,000 a, new school like the Jefferson, or cost of operating the high schools and special schools one year, or 5% on $3,400,000, or $8,500 a year for increases in teachers' salaries Education, building, and business methods were studied on a trip to Minneapolis, Kansas City, and St. Louis with the Superin- tendent of Instruction and four members of the Board of Edu- cation. At Kansas City the meeting of the department of su- perintendence of the National Education Association was at- tended. Much remains to be done. Page twenty $ix RESEARCH :: PROGRESS :: FACTS In tke Class Room Schools train children. If they do not, they fail in their job. The important work of the schools then is teaching. But the work in the class room can never be at its best if the overhead or- ganisation is not right, and if surrounding conditions are poor The Bureau has devoted most of its first year to administration. It has touched the education side sufficiently to discover a few points like the following: 75% of the elementary children are in classes of over 40 Many schools are badly lighted and ventilated The school record system does not provide a continuous record of the child's school history — except in one school Current reports are not adequate 85% of the elementary teachers have received all their professional training in Dayton 68% never had even high school work outside of Dayton 7Z% never taught outside of Dayton 60% never studied outside of Dayton in any school and never taught outside of Dayton 48% of the elementary teachers receive $775 a year 43% receive less 71% of high school teachers receive but $1,500 to $1,600 a year One need not be an educator to know what these facts mean. Page ^weniy zeven DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH Municipal University Junior College The proposal to establish a municipal university in Dayton was being much discussed last September. A committee of seven citizens had just been named by the Board of Education to investigate and report upon the feasibility of the proposition, and it was proposed to them that they employ a man at $3600 a year to promote the institution, one-half of his salary to be paid by the Board and one-half by the Committee The Bureau prevented this action and made the necessary investiga- tion, thus saving $3600 to the Board of Education and Univer- sity Committee. The cost to the Bureau for this study was only $400 An exhaustive enquiry was made of the need, opportunity, purposes, probable courses and costs of a municipal university in Dayton The Bureau recommended that the facts as to need and cost of a university in Dayton would not warrant its establishment by public funds at this time, but that if private funds were sub- scribed the question would be open to discussion from another angle. It recommended that attention be given to the develop- ment of present school facilities and the consideration of the benefits of a junior college A report embodying these ideas was adopted by the University Committee in its report to the Board of Education, and recog- nition of the Bureau's work was given by this Committee, Page twenty eight RESEARCH :; PROGRESS :: FACT The "Dark Continent of American Politics" Montgomery County is spending $670,000 of taxes in 1917. This is 24 cents out of every tax dollar collected in Dayton The city gets 47 cents, the schools 24 cents, the library 2 cents, and the State 3 cents The city furnishes water, police, fire, sewer, health, street cleaning and lighting, and numerous other services. The schools edu- cate our children What does the County do? What relation does it bear to the life of Dayton people? Certainly it has a relationship, or we would not have to pay so much toward its operation — but what is that relation Do you care to know only that you vote every few years for three Commissioners, a Treasurer, an Auditor, a Surveyor, a Prose- cutor, — and let it go at that Or, shall candidates for these elective offices be asked to commit themselves upon a platform for a modern and efficient county government The county has been called the "dark continent of American poli- tics" Shall we find out more about our county government? Page twenty nine DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH Better County Roads Do you know : — There are 1064 miles of public highways in Montgomery County — Only a few main pikes are in good condition — Over $880/XX) is being expended for road construction and maintenance in this county in 1916 and 1917 — Citizens of Dayton are paying over $430,000 of this di- rectly thru taxation — 154 miles are maintained by the State; the rest, by the county and 14 townships — There is no general plan of road improvement for the county as a whole — Township records are not available for comparisons of costs — Township officials have no knowledge of the principles of road construction, maintenance, or repair — Township road workers are part-time, poorly paid men — Road surfaces are determined upon without sufficient study of the needs of the roads — Specifications for road improvement are not enforced — Very little interest is taken by the people in the good road problem of the county It is not too late to improve the organisation and methods for ob- taining good county roads. Page thirty RESEARCH PROGRESS FACTS Better County Roads Do you believe : — It is possible to have roads kept in good condition at all times by a patrol system of maintenance — continuous maintenance — rather than postponed repair or neglect — In wide roads, without dangerous side ditches, without high weeds, and with sign posts — Organisation -|- supervision + labor + materials + equipment can give excellent roads — A comprehensive plan for road building should be pre- pared for the county — A work program should be prepared each year for the county and townships — Dragging is the most important factor in earth road maintenance — Standards should be established for road construction, maintenance, drainage, pavement, etc. — A full-time supervisor should control all local road work — Cooperation between county and township road officials should be encouraged — Exact cost records should be kept of all road expendi- tures — Both the public and road officials should be educated in the principles of road construction and maintenance — Demonstrations should be held periodically in road building methods, and available literature be dis- tributed Montgomery County can set an example for every county in Ohio in excellence of roads. Page thirty one DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH Publicity and Democracy Publicity is getting the "facts to the folks" Democracy is government by the people Half of good government is an intelligent and interested citizenship Dayton is a business institution, capitalised at $20,000,000, and its 150,000 citizens are stockholders These stockholders have a right to, and should, know what is going on in their mutual corporation — the city The commercial advancement and prosperity of a community de- pends upon an alert and confident citizenship. Citizen interest, kept alive, makes boosters who prove an aid to delegated officials. Boosters are especially active away from home, when they greatly advertise the city and its institutions Every favorably spoken and printed word tends toward the indus- trial, commercial and civic development of the city, and the consequent happiness and prosperity of its residents In governmental affairs, Dayton will advance in proportion to the interest of its citizens Js it necessary to get the facts before the people, in order to keep alive citizen interest? Claims may be considered idle fancies; facts must and will stand The Bureau furnishes and circulates facts — will you provide the in- terest? "Publicity produces positive profits.'* Page thirty two RESEARCH PROGRESS FACTS Effective Bureau Publicity Typical of Dayton newspaper co-operation and country-wide interest. TlieLife of One BainfeMfeEftoil of a Whole Gly HOW TO DETECT AND PREVENT SPREAD OF INFANTILE PARALYSIS COOPERATION BETWtEN CITY OFFICIALS CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM IN LOCAL INSTITUTION IS PAMPHLET SUBJECT CHPERaW ■'""rrvSj^^S^xBScioSiNe"" .\!^^^^|NtERESTmf "'Hix^^?^ IN EDBCIITION '~>r^=t':=- YEAR'S B0SINESSjj-r.:.r„7r--: OF GREAT VALOE -JSE£H?J?Z^ WITH A BALANCE a^"S^I^_ CUYOEPiiRlENT U- w^- o- CIIY PURCHASES '^ .-^, r-.^ A a1_j . n ;™' ■" "• •—" •"•^ """^Mmn Pttinom Are Cob- ^^tEH^o f^ WGHTOR PATS rXd ^ i.^™«»»- *^lH«JdL TRIBUTCTO an' C<««uA««i«l CENTER ABOUT ^-r^^^^s.- MAKES HIGH SPOTi, UCAl AFFAIRS :21=r*Kr_-^K:- REPORT FOR CITY^:! ^lAXAUTHORlTIES 10 HOLD SESSION AIlilANAPOllS ■Ml a-nm Oin Cam- I Fm. Minlcivd lb» 3ii>.IV.MMF.o^CI-iw Wai Represent Dayton at Municipalities Meeting THESE ARE ROOKIES TOO, BUT THEY WILL RESCU E, NOT KILL 146,699 VISIT 3,000 PENNANTS ($76,000 WORTH Urge Vigorous Campaign Against the Fikhy F}y tocm roi »att6ii DR.GARLAND1S WRITER OF NEW MAINTENANCEOF' UBOR BUREAU PLAY GROUNDS DURING SEASON IN HOMES FOR BABY WEEK HERE KwiScn '^^^^^ "^^^ ^E REPORT IS MADE iblTJKbHAitUpggp ^ HELP|ONAnENDANCE ^, [THIRD REGIMENT ATPLAYGOUNDS SHOWS VALOE OF BOOKS TO YOUNG, I Mm htm^ l>.r«W» AI(>K Will CM m, AMm^ Oi« Inmcnac Omd OTHER CITIES WILLBE"/ii;ery iSaby a tieaitny /Jaoj' jfpuiNs show interest * OEOIirSPARAlllTHODSANDSWILLbAYTOIPOLIDB . 81 OTo"R- DRIVEN ] IOHAUIIGARBAGE' IN UjllVERSin. BIDWPEED «ETOflAVB FIREAPPARATUS|^rS7^"<^'Cin^ "— _ ^ -zz^- -^ "^ REGIfflENTl ADDITIOHAL MEH| NOT EXPENSIVf °"- ^"^ ' - * =mlANA¥RlM UVEFl'^i' " "" I AND PROMOTES HEALTH BY A N^^b^- '^^ ±: •= PROGRAM OF WELFARE WORft ^^1^;:^^ — m^mml^K'l.^^ IENT|ADDITIONALMEHJNOT ™NSI?r ^Z-i;!^^^ H-*:^ - ^ ' *^Ssr ^ ^SLlrSii^^'.iAYTOH ONDER CITY MANAGER HAS" RECORD OF BIG ACCOMPLISHMENTS CHYWAIERWORKS MEHS All BILLS i '-DAYTON UNDERGOING MUCH IMPROVEMENT TO STREETS IN CITY F08 YEW PASSED c^^jrTs^ op--. Oh Pouk) o< Col Pmv 'od CoeMradio* "rr^^;r':Lr*f N. Y. Comment ort D^syton the **City of Precision' DAYTON MEIHOD ON WEST SIDE (DAYTON'S LEGAL EXPERTS RHINISH .ADDRESS MADE REPORI DISCLOSES "1=^^^ AIDBUREADHAS OAIAfORIiSEAI l BY RIGHTOR AT DAYTON'S ACTlVIIYi INCREASED ROOM OAYION'SEXHil RUBICON CLUB IN CIIY^ OFFICES iOINS BUREAU .„^Mw^ OF MUNICIPAL ,^..0-. R£SEARCHHERE Page thirty three DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH Information and Complaint Bureau 860 separate news articles, totaling 460 columns, were submitted by the Bureau and published in the four Dayton newspapers This space, if paid for at regular advertising rates, would have cost $6,500 Nearly four-score newspapers and journals, published outside of Dayton, have carried the Bureau's stories about the city and county governments and schools A conservative estimate of the cost of all publicity, if paid for, is not less than $10,000. It did not cost the Bureau that,— ^it is believed that its value in citizen interest at home and municipal advancement abroad need not be measured in dollars In this service, the four daily newspapers have ever faithfully sup- ported and cordially cooperated with the Bureau in promoting a popular knowledge of the civic, social and educational minis- trations of our public officials. The newspaper is the average citizen's schoolhouse, and its powers and benefits are recognised and appreciated Full-page advertisements on Baby Welfare Week, Health, Fire, Water, and Recreation and Parks were run in all the papers of Dayton, giving unbiased facts to the public about their govern- ment Hundreds of requests from other cities for information about the city government were received and answered. High school students, citizens, visitors, came into the office with questions and suggestions. Each received the necessary personal at- tention Who shall reply to these enquiries, listen to the complaints and sug- gestions, send out copies of the charter, history and results of the city government, etc? Do we not owe it to the nation to answer these enquiries A municipal reference library connected with the Bureau would be of great assistance. Page thirty four RESEARCH :: PROGRESS FACTS The Bureau's Future Shall Your Research Agency Continue — A City Program Preparing and setting forts facts in support of the present form of government, in order to preserve the spirit and sense of the Charter Devising and installing in Dayton the best accounting system in any American city Installing cost records for all municipal services Establishing condensed reports, daily and monthly, in graphic form for all departments and bureaus Follov^-up studies in health and safety surveys made 4 years ago For the Hospitals, defining a "charity patient" and determining a proper per diem for the city to pay for this class Preparation of exact record of results during last six years A five-year paving program Garage routing of autos, study of franchises, new sources of revenue, police and fire pension funds A School Program Advocating open Committee meetings, non-partisan election of members, a small board, a business manager, women Board members Analysis of Board's business practices, — accounting, cost rec- ords, repairs, purchasing, pension fund for teachers Educational studies, — student records, age and progress studies, medical service, revision of teachers' salary schedule A County Program Good roads study follow-up Enquiry into business administration of all offices Watching tax rate distribution A Publicity Program Telling citizens of day-to-day results in city, schools, county Telling the world Dayton has home rule, non-partisan, efficient city government, and is a healthful, safe, clean and pleas- ant place to live and work. Our Record is Our Guarantee. Page thirty jive DAYTON BUREAU OF RESEARCH Balance Sheet, June 30, 1917* and Comparison witk July 1, 1916 Assets July 1, 1916 June 30, 1917 Cash , $ 221.99 $2,207.14 Imprest Cash 25.00 25.00 Accounts Receivable 38.90 Furniture 150.35 426.28 Total Assets 436.24 2,658.42 DEFICIT 1,114.70 Total, Assets and Deficit $1,550.94 $2,658.42 Liabilities Temporary Loans $1,450.94* Unaccrued Subscriptions 100.00 Accounts Payable Total Liabilities 1,550.94 SURPLUS $2,658.42 Total, Liabilities and Surplus $1,550.94 $2,658.42 ♦Estimated, for June 15-30, 1917. t$l, 250.94 cancelled, October, 1916. Page thirty $ix RESEARCH PROGRESS F A C 1 S Income and Expense Statement July 1, 1916— June 30, 1917 Cash Balance, July 1, 1916 $ 231.99 Receipts, 12 months, as under: Subscriptions $19,382.00 Temporary Loan 475.00 Sale of Automobile 400.00 Sundry Receipts 19.90 Special— Advertising 761.26 Accounts Receivable 54.80 21,092.96 Total, Balance and Receipts $21,314.95 Expenditures, 12 months, as under: Current Operation $16,866.48 Temporary Loans 675.00 Capital Outlay — Furniture 270.33 Automobile 500.00 Accounts Receivable 34.74 Special — Advertising 761.26 - 19,107.81 .$ 2,207.14 Cash Balance, June 30, 1917 * Figures based upon estimate for June 15-30, 1917. CLASSIFICATION OF CURRENT OPERATING COSTS* as under: Objects of Expenditure: Salaries $13,220.47 Travel 376.52 Express 5.12 Subsistence 263.30 Postage 299.49 Telephone Printing Stationery Fixtures Library Rent Operating Equipment Miscellaneous 99.12 586.84 482.66 43.70 77.23 728.00 412.85 271.18 Assignments of Work Done: Administration $ 6,268.78 Education 1,820.84 Publicity 1,585.38 Vacation and Sickness 658.01 City Budget 608.20 " Finance 1,191.01 Annual Report. Div. Streets Div. Health 96.25 463.95 5.76 " Dept. Welfare 288.10 Motor Vehicles 22.24 Miscellaneous 156.39 Board of Education 2,178.86 Municipal University 403.30 County Government 237.96 County Roads... 818.45 Advertising 63.00 Total $16,866.48 Total. ♦Estimated for June 15-30, 1917. $16,866.48 Page thirty seven SUBSCRIBERS TO THE Dayton Bureau of Research FOR THE Year Ending July 1. 1917 F. J. Ach W. L. Adamson Co. Geo. C. Albert D. W. Allaman W. B. Anderson C. S. Ashdown F. W. Atkin A. O. Aulabaugh O. J. Bard Dr. F. Dale Barker E. J. Barney F. P. Beaver Leon Berg W. E. Best Geo. Blanchard Samuel Blau W. A. Blum C. H. Bosler John P. Breen C. L. G. Breene Walter M. Brenner Judge O. B, Brown Oswald Cammann Edw. Canby H. B. Canby Cappel Furniture Co. H. G. Carnell S. H. Carr Cellarius & Dressier W. D. Chamberlin F. O. Clements H. & G. L. Coleman R. G. Corwin Maurice Costello W. R. Craven W. H. Crawford E. W. Davies O. F. Davisson Richard L. Davisson Dayton Breweries Co. Dayton Laundry Co. Dayton National Bank Dayton Power & Light Co Dayton Rubber & Mfg. Co Dayton Sav. & Trust Co. E. A. Deeds R. R. Dickey Henry D. Dickson Arthur Dilks J. W. Downer Page thirty eight Judge C. W. Dustin Elder & Johnston Co. Nelson Emmons, Jr. H. M. Estabrook Dr. W. A. Ewing J. Q. Finfrock 0. J. Fisher Wm. Focke Sons Co. Fourth National Bank W. H. Fryer Thos. P. Gaddis M. J. Gibbons R. C. Glass Dr. Geo. Goodhue G. H. Gorman L. W. Green Paul Gruner J. M. Guild H. T. Guion Chas. S. Hall E. C. Harley Co. Geo. W. Hartzell John C. Haswell J. B. Hayward R. L. Hubler Frank T. Huffman Mr. and Mrs. Torrence Huffman Sterrit Hunter D. W. Iddings J. H. Imus L. W. James W. P. Jenkins L E. Jones S. Rufus Jones Johnston-Shelton Co. C. F. Kettering W. A. Keyes E. F. Kimmel N. W. Kirkpatrick S. M. Krohn Krug Baking Co. ,E. M. Kuhns 1. G. Kumler Peter Kuntz Lumber Co. H. Sherman Lane T. A. Legler Geo. Light Louis Lott J. R. Woodhull Loy, Bunstine & Loy J. M. Markham E. M. Mendenhall Geo. B. McCann F. D. McDonald John A. McGee E. E. Niswonger No. Dayton Savings Bank John F. Ohmer John F. Ohmer, Jr. J. A. Oswald Frederick B. Patterson John H. Patterson Robt. D. Patterson S. J. Patterson Estate Walter Phelps J. Elliot Peirce A. Plocher Sons Co. Z. L. Potter Prugh & Prugh Leopold Rauh Estate A. H. Reeder F. H. Rike G. J. Roberts Co. E. F. Rybolt J. E. Sauer Adam Schantz Schantz Estate M. J. Schwab Walter Shafor Geo. G. Shaw E. L. Shuey J. W. Siegfried C. H. Simms A. A. Simonds & Sons Co. J. C. Spaite W. F. Stark Milton C. Stern Wm. Stroop W. W. Sunderland H. E. Talbott, Sr. Teutonia Fire Ins. Co. Teutonia National Bank Louella W. Thomas H. A. Toulmin, Jr. Louis Traxler F. A. Wagner Westerfield Pharmacal Co. Houston Lowe West Side Lumber Co. In Conclusion All constructive work of the Bureau has been possible because of the cooper- ation of public officers, to whom credit is due for improvements effected within the government, and to whom public recognition of this cordial spirit of cooper- ation is given The publicity work of the Bureau has been possible primarily because of the cooperation of the daily newspapers, and the interest they have manifested in civic affairs. Page thirty nine • % -T-^ THE LAST DATE THIS BOOK IS^pp BEI.OW „, SEP 27 1920 WAY 6 W9 SOrn-'?. Oaytord B'o* Syracus* »*_'