LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 PRELIMINARY LIST OF SUBJECT 
 SUBDIVISIONS 
 
 (a) UNDER NAMES OF COUNTRIES OR STATES 
 
 (b) UNDER CITIES 
 
 (c) UNDER GENERAL SUBJECTS 
 
 Prepared by the Chief of the Catalogue Division 
 
 For sale by the 
 
 Superintendent of T>u<!nni«'nt8 
 Government Printing Office 
 
 WASHINGTON 
 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
 
 1910 
 
 Piioe lOc 
 
A LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 PRELIMINARY LIST OF SUBJECT 
 SUBDIVISIONS 
 
 (a) UNDER NAMES OF COUNTRIES OR STATES 
 
 (b) UNDER CITIES 
 
 (c) UNDER GENERAL SUBJECTS 
 
 Prepared by the Chief of the Catalogue Division 
 
 WASHINGTON 
 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
 
 1910 
 

 L. C. card, 10-35006 
 
PREFATORY NOTE 
 
 A preliminary list of subject subdivisions was first issued in 1906. 
 Constant additions necessitated the issue of a new and enlarged 
 edition in 1908. Since then the recataloguing of the Social 
 Sciences, Medicine, Technology, and in part the Fine Arts and Biog- 
 raphy, has added a large number of new subdivisions which are incor- 
 porated herewith. It is expected that a fourth issue (in 1912?) 
 will include the subdivisions and form lists to be developed in con- 
 nection with the recataloguing of the remaining classes.* 
 
 J. C. M. Hanson 
 Chief of Catalogue Division 
 Herbert Putnam 
 
 Librarian of Congress 
 
 Washington, D. C, March 5, 1910 
 
 * In March, 1910, Literature, Religion, Military and Naval Science still remain 
 to be recatalogued. Philology, Philosophy, International law, P'ine Art, Biography, 
 and Polygraphy are under way. 
 
 3 
 
 3G7t 
 
SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS UNDER NAMES OF COUNTRIES 
 
 OR STATES, AND SUBJECT HEADINGS WITH 
 
 COUNTRY SUBDIVISIONS 
 
 Note. — Includes only subdivisions most frequently used. 
 
 Subjects in technology, science, and art are usually represented 
 under countries by a "see reference" only, the country being sub- 
 ordinated to the subject. Such subjects are here indicated by black- 
 face type. 
 
 Administrative and political division 
 
 Agriculture 
 
 Almshouses and workhouses 
 
 Altitudes 
 
 Angling. See Fishing 
 
 Annexation (under certain countries, e. g. Canada, Hawaiian Islands) 
 
 Antiquities 
 
 Architecture. See also Art 
 
 Archives 
 
 Area 
 
 Army 
 
 Arrangement of regiments, etc. differs under various countries. For illustra- 
 tions see France and Great Britain. Under U. S. — Army, reference is made 
 for single regiments to U. S. artillery; U. S. cavalry; U. S. infantry; etc. 
 Army — 
 
 Ambulances 
 
 Appointments and retirements 
 
 Appropriations and expenditures 
 
 Artillery 
 
 Artillery — Drill and tactics 
 
 Barracks and quarters 
 
 Barracks and quarters — Lighting 
 
 Biography * 
 
 Cavalry 
 
 Cavalry — Drill and tactics 
 
 Chaplains 
 
 Colonial forces 
 
 Commissariat 
 
 Crimes and misdemeanors 
 
 Desertions 
 
 Directories 
 
 Examinations 
 
 5 
 
6 I.IBRAKY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Army — Continued 
 
 Field service regulations 
 
 Firing regulations 
 
 Guard duty 
 
 Handbooks, manuals, etc. 
 
 History. See also History, Military 
 
 Infantry * 
 
 Infantry — Drill and tactics 
 
 Manceuvers 
 
 Medals, badges, decorations, etc. 
 
 Military life 
 
 Mine companies 
 
 Officers' handbooks 
 
 Officers on detached service 
 
 Ordnance and ordnance stores 
 
 Organization and equipment 
 
 Pay, allowances, etc. 
 
 Periodicals 
 
 Physical training 
 
 Promotions 
 
 Record and correspondence files 
 
 Recruiting, enlistment, etc. - 
 
 Registers 
 
 Regulations 
 
 Remount service 
 
 Sanitary affairs 
 
 Signal corps 
 
 Signaling 
 
 Societies 
 
 Statistics 
 
 Supplies and stores 
 
 Surgeons 
 
 Target practice 
 
 Test shooting 
 
 Torpedo companies 
 
 Transport of sick and wounded 
 
 Transport service 
 
 Transportation 
 
 Uniforms 
 
 Arsenals 
 
 Art 
 
 Association and associations 
 
 Asylums. See also Hospitals 
 
 Banks and banking 
 
 Bibliography. See also name of literature, subdivision Bibliography 
 
 Bio-bibliography 
 
 Biography 
 
 Biography — Portraits 
 
 Birds 
 
 Botany 
 
 Boundaries 
 
PRELIMINAEY LIST OF SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS 7 
 
 Building laws 
 Canals 
 
 Capital and capitol 
 
 Exception: U. S. — Capital; Washington, D. C. — Capitol, connected by references. 
 Census 
 Charities 
 
 Charters 
 
 Under American colonies, states, and cities. Under foreign countries the 
 form Charters, grants, privileges has been used. 
 
 Chronology, Chinese, Egyptian, etc. 
 
 (Mathematical and technical) See also History — Chronology. 
 Church history 
 Cities and towns 
 
 Civil and pohtical institutions, etc. See PoHtics and government 
 Civil list 
 Civil service 
 CiviUzation 
 Claims 
 
 Climate. See also Meteorology 
 Coast surveys 
 
 Coats of arms. See Heraldry 
 Coinage. See also Numismatics 
 Colonies 
 Commerce 
 Commercial policy 
 Commercial treaties 
 Conchology. See Mollusks 
 Constitution 
 Constitutional history 
 Constitutional law 
 Conventions and public meetings 
 Copper mines and mining 
 Costume 
 Court and courtiers 
 Courts 
 Craniology 
 Credit guides 
 
 Credit guides of a particular trade have duplicate entry under name of trade, 
 e. g. Lumber trade — U. S. — Credit guides. 
 
 Crime and criminals 
 Currency question 
 
 Custom-house 
 
 Customs. See Social life and customs 
 
 Defenses 
 
 Departmental salaries. See Officials and employees — Salaries 
 
8 LIBRAEY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Description, geography 
 
 Substituted for Description and travel and Historical geography under Greece 
 (as distinct from Greece, Modern) Rome, Gaul, and other countries of 
 antiquity. 
 Description and travel 
 
 cf. note under Description, geography. 
 Description and travel — 
 
 Gazetteers 
 
 Guide-books 
 
 Maps 
 
 Views 
 Dialects. Under name of language 
 Dictionaries and encyclopedias 
 Diplomatic and consular service 
 Diplomatic and consular service — Buildings 
 Directories. See also Registers 
 Discovery and exploration 
 Distances, etc. 
 Domestic economy 
 
 Drama. Under name of language, e. g. English drama 
 Ecclesiastical history. See Church history 
 
 Ecclesiastical institutions. See Religious and ecclesiastical institu- 
 tions 
 Economic conditions 
 Economic policy 
 Education 
 
 Education of women 
 Educational law and legislation 
 Elections 
 
 Emigration and immigration 
 Employers' liability 
 Entomology. See Insects 
 Epidemics 
 Ethnology 
 Exhibitions 
 
 Exiles (under Siberia, French Guiana, etc.) 
 Exploring expeditions (under U. S. and Canada) 
 Finance 
 
 Fine arts. See Art; Architecture; Music; Painting; Sculpture 
 Fisheries 
 Fishes 
 Fishing 
 Folk-lore 
 
 Folk-songs, English, German, etc. 
 Foreign population 
 
PEELIMINARY LIST OF SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS 9 
 
 Foreign relations 
 
 General works arranged chronologically, followed by works limited to diplo- 
 matic relations of two countries, e. g.JJ. S. — Foreign relations — Great Britain. 
 Foreign relations — Treaties. See also Commercial treaties 
 Forests and forestry 
 Fortification 
 Fruit -culture 
 
 Gazetteers. See Description and travel — Gazetteers 
 Genealogy. See also Biography 
 Geodesy 
 
 Geography. See Description and travel 
 Geology 
 Gilds 
 
 Gold mines and mining 
 Government. See Politics and government 
 Government property 
 Government publications 
 Government vessels 
 
 Governors (under states and territories) 
 Grammar. Under name of language 
 Guide-books. See Description and travel — Guide-books 
 Harbors 
 
 Single harbor under name of city or name of harbor. 
 
 Health resorts, watering-places, etc. 
 
 Heraldry 
 
 Herpetology. See Reptiles 
 
 Historic houses, etc. 
 
 Historical geography 
 
 cf. note under Description, geography. 
 History — 
 
 Addresses, essays, lectures 
 
 Bibliography 
 
 Chronology 
 
 Dictionaries 
 
 Fiction 
 
 Outlines, syllabi, etc. 
 
 Periodicals 
 
 Personal narratives (under histories of certain important wars, e. g. U. S. — 
 nist. — Civil war — Personal narratives) 
 
 Philosophy 
 
 Poetry 
 
 Societies 
 
 Study and teaching 
 
 By periods, reigns, administrations, etc. 
 History, Comic 
 History, Juvenile 
 History, Local 
 
 31620—10 2 
 
10 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 History, ^lilitary. See also Army — History ; Mlitia — History (under 
 states) 
 
 History, Naval. See also Navy — History 
 
 Hospitals 
 
 Hotels, taverns, etc. 
 
 Hunting 
 
 Ichthyology. See Fishes 
 
 Immigration. See Emigration and immigration 
 
 Indians of the U. S. See Indians of North America 
 
 Industrial schools 
 
 Industries 
 
 Insects 
 
 Insular possessions (under U. S. only) 
 
 Intellectual life 
 
 Internal improvements. See Public works 
 
 Internal revenue. See also Revenue 
 
 Internal revenue law 
 
 Irrigation 
 
 Jurisprudence. See Law 
 
 Kings and rulers 
 
 Under countries which are or have been governed by kings, cf. Sovereigns, 
 etc., under certain countries and sovereign states which have not been gov- 
 erned by kings, e. g. Russia, Lippe, etc. 
 
 Labor and laboring classes 
 Land tenure 
 
 Language 
 
 To be entered under the name of the language, e. g. English language. A spe- 
 cial list of subdivisions will be prepared in connection with the recataloguing 
 of Philology. 
 
 Languages 
 
 Law (for codes, statutes, etc.) 
 
 Law — History and criticism (for works about the law) 
 
 Law reports and digests 
 
 Learned institutions and societies 
 
 Legal antiquities (under Greece and Romg only) 
 
 Libraries 
 
 Literary and scientific institutions. See Learned institutions and 
 societies 
 
 Literature 
 
 To be entered under the name of the literature, e. g. English literature. The 
 main subdivisions to be Addresses, essays, lectures; Bibliography; Col. 
 lections; History and criticism; Outlines, syllabi, etc.; Periodicals; So- 
 cieties; Study and teaching. 
 
 Malacology. See Mollusks 
 
 Manners and customs. See Social life and customs 
 
 Manufactures. See also Industries 
 
PEELIMINARY LIST OF SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS H 
 
 Maps. See Description and travel — Maps 
 
 Medicine 
 
 Meteorology 
 
 Military antiquities (under Greece and Rome only) 
 
 Military history. See History, Military 
 
 Militia (under states; also under U. S.) 
 
 Militia, Naval. See Naval militia 
 
 Mineralogy 
 
 Mines and mineral resources. See also Copper mines and 
 
 mining; Gold mines and mining; etc., etc. 
 Missions 
 Mollusks 
 Moral conditions 
 Music 
 Mythology 
 
 Mythology, Norse, Vedic, etc. 
 National characteristics, American, English, etc. 
 Nationality 
 Native races 
 
 Chiefly for political relations between natives and the government. Not to 
 be confused with Ethnology. 
 
 Natural history 
 
 Naval history. /S'ee History, Naval ; aZsoNavy — History 
 
 Naval militia (under states and U. S.) 
 
 Naval stations. See Navy-yards and naval stations 
 
 Navy — 
 
 Apprentices 
 
 Appropriations and expenditures 
 
 Auxiliary service 
 
 Biography 
 
 Collier service 
 
 Crimes and misdemeanors 
 
 Desertions 
 
 Directories 
 
 Drill manuals 
 
 Electric installations 
 
 Fiction 
 
 Fuel 
 
 Handbooks 
 
 History 
 
 Hospital-ships 
 
 Lists of vessels 
 
 Manning of vessels 
 
 Medals, badges, decorations, etc. 
 
 Nurse corps 
 
 Order-books 
 
 Ordnance and ordnance stores 
 
 Pay, allowances, etc. 
 
 Periodicals 
 
12 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Navy — Continued 
 Physical training 
 Promotions 
 
 Recruiting, enlistment, etc. 
 Registers 
 Regulations 
 Sanitary affairs 
 Signaling 
 Small-boat service 
 Societies 
 Staff corps 
 Supplies and stores 
 Target practice 
 Trials of vessels 
 Uniforms 
 Victualing 
 
 Some of the above subdivisions are used only under certain countries, e. g. 
 United States, Great Britain. 
 
 Navy- yards and naval stations 
 
 Newspapers. Under name of language, e. g. English newspapers 
 
 Nobility 
 
 Numismatics 
 
 Occupations 
 
 Officials and employees 
 
 Officials and employees — Appointment, qualifications, tenure, etc. 
 
 Officials and employees — Salaries 
 
 Ornithology. See Birds 
 
 Painting 
 
 Paleontology 
 
 Patent laws and legislation 
 
 Patents 
 
 Peerage (under England, Scotland, Ireland, France, cf. Nobility) 
 
 Pensions 
 
 cf. subdivisions Pensions and Salaries, pensions, etc. under names of profes- 
 sions, industries, etc. (p. 26, 28) 
 
 Pensions, Military 
 
 Periodicals. Under name of language, e. g. English periodicals 
 
 Philosophy 
 
 Physical geography 
 
 Poetry. Under name of language, e. g. English poetry 
 
 Police 
 
 Politics and government 
 
 Politics and government — ^Text-books (under U. S. and single states 
 
 of the U. S.) 
 Poor 
 
 Population. See also Census 
 Printing — History 
 
PRELIMINAKY LIST OF SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS 13 
 
 Prisons 
 
 Products 
 
 Public buildings 
 
 Public lands 
 
 Public schools 
 
 Public works 
 
 Queens 
 
 Race question 
 
 Railroads 
 
 Reading books. See name of language, subdivision Chrestoma- 
 
 thies and readers 
 Reformatories 
 Registers 
 Relations 
 
 General relations and mutual influence of two countries, e. g. Italy — Rela- 
 tions (general) with France. 
 
 See also Foreign relations (for diplomatic relations) 
 
 Also Literature, Comparative — [countries] for literary relations (e. g. Literature, 
 Comparative — England — France) 
 Religion 
 
 Religious and ecclesiastical institutions 
 Reptiles 
 Revenue 
 
 Revenue, Internal. See Internal revenue 
 Revenue law 
 
 Rime. Under name of language 
 Rivers 
 Roads 
 
 Sanitary affairs 
 
 Scientific institutions. See Learned institutions and societies 
 Sculpture 
 Slavery 
 
 Social conditions 
 Social life and customs 
 Social life and customs — Illustrations 
 Sovereigns, etc. 
 
 Under certain countries and sovereign states which have never been governed 
 by kings, c/. Kings and rulers. 
 
 Sports 
 
 Statistics 
 
 Statistics, Vital 
 
 Surveys 
 
 Tariff 
 
 Taxation 
 
 Territorial expansion (under U. S.) 
 
14 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Territories (under U. S.) 
 Theaters 
 Tombs 
 
 Towns. See Cities and towns 
 Travel. See Description and travel 
 
 Treaties. See Commercial treaties; Foreign relations — Treaties 
 Views. See Description and travel — Views 
 Water-power 
 Water-supply- 
 Weights and measures 
 Zoology 
 
SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS UNDER NAMES OF CITIES, AND 
 
 SUBJECT HEADINGS SUBDIVIDED BY PLACE 
 
 (CITIES OR TOWNS) 
 
 Note. — Includes subdivisions most frequently used. 
 
 Classes of institutions or establishments, e. g. Theaters, Prisons, 
 Hospitals, etc., are represented under names of cities, but not under 
 names of countries — that is to say, a book dealing with libraries in 
 France is entered under subject. Libraries — France; one restricted to 
 the libraries of a particular city, as Paris, under Paris — Libraries. 
 
 Whenever the place is to be subordinated to the subject, it is 
 indicated by black-face type. A ''see reference" is then made from 
 the name of the city to the subject, e. g. Paris — Street-railroads. 
 See Street-railroads — Paris ; or, Boston — Botany. See Botany — Mas- 
 sachusetts — Boston. 
 
 Abattoirs. See Slaughter-houses 
 
 Almshouses and workhouses 
 
 Ambulance service 
 
 Amusements 
 
 Antiquities 
 
 Arsenals 
 
 Art 
 
 Associations 
 
 Banks and banking 
 
 Benevolent and moral institutions and societies 
 
 Bibliography 
 
 Biography 
 
 Botany 
 
 Boundaries 
 
 Bridges 
 
 Building laws 
 
 Business associations 
 
 Cab and omnibus service 
 
 Canals 
 
 Carnivals. See Festivals, etc. 
 
 Cemeteries 
 
 Census 
 
 Centennial celebrations, etc. 
 
 15 
 
16 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Charities 
 
 Churches. See also Religious institutions and affairs 
 
 City hall 
 
 Claims 
 
 Climate 
 
 Clubs 
 
 Commerce 
 
 Commercial institutions. See Business associations 
 
 Commumcation and traffic 
 
 Conventions and public meetings 
 
 Courts 
 
 Credit guides 
 
 Cries 
 
 Crime and criminals 
 
 Description — 
 
 Guide-books 
 
 Maps 
 
 Views 
 Directories. See also Registers 
 
 Dispensaries ^ 
 
 Distances, etc. ^ 
 
 Docks 
 Ecclesiastical institutions. See Churches; Religious institutions and 
 
 affairs 
 Education 
 Elections 
 Epidemics 
 Epitaphs 
 
 Exhibitions. See also names of special exhibitions 
 Fairs 
 Ferries 
 
 Festivals, etc. 
 Finance 
 Financial institutions. See Banks and banking; Business 
 
 associations 
 Fine arts. See Art 
 Fires and fire prevention 
 Foreign population 
 Fortifications 
 Fountains 
 
 Fourth of July celebrations 
 Galleries and museums 
 Genealogy. See also Biography 
 Geology 
 Gilds 
 Guide-books. See Description — Guide-books 
 
PRELIMINAEY LIST OF SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS 1? 
 
 Harbor 
 
 Historic houses, etc. 
 
 History 
 
 Hospitals 
 
 Hotels, taverns, etc. 
 
 Industrial schools 
 
 Industries 
 
 Intellectual life 
 
 Labor and laboring classes 
 
 Law reports and digests 
 
 Learned institutions and societies 
 
 Libraries 
 
 Lighting 
 
 Literary and scientific institutions, etc. See Learned institutions and 
 
 societies 
 Livery companies (under British cities) 
 Lodging-houses 
 
 Manners and customs. See Social life and customs 
 Manufactures 
 
 Maps. See Description — -Maps 
 Markets 
 Memorial inscriptions 
 
 To be used for markers placed on historic sites, etc. 
 Monuments 
 Morgues 
 
 Museums. See Galleries and museums 
 Musical organizations 
 
 (Special organizations to be found under theircorporatenames,e.^. Apollo club) 
 Official publications 
 Orphans and orphan-asylums 
 Palaces 
 Parks 
 
 Paving. See Streets 
 Police 
 
 Politics and government 
 Poor 
 
 Post-office 
 Printing — History 
 Prisons and reformatories 
 Public baths 
 Public buildings 
 Public comfort stations 
 Public institutions (used under a few cities) 
 Public lands 
 Public laundries 
 
18 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Public meetings. See Conventions and public meetings 
 
 Public schools. See also Education 
 
 Public works 
 
 Railroads 
 
 Rapid transit 
 
 Registers. See also Directories 
 
 Religious institutions and affairs 
 
 Riots 
 
 Sanitary affairs 
 
 Schools. /S'ee aZso Education ; Public schools 
 
 Scientific institutions. See Learned institutions and societies 
 
 Sewerage 
 
 Slaughter-houses 
 
 Social conditions 
 
 Social life and customs 
 
 Social life and customs — Illustrations 
 
 Stables 
 
 Statistics 
 
 Statistics, Vital 
 
 Stock-exchange 
 
 Street cleaning 
 
 Street-railroads 
 
 Streets 
 
 Arranged alphabetically or numerically. 
 Suburbs 
 Taxation 
 Theaters 
 Tombs 
 
 Topography. See Description 
 Views, See Description — ^Views 
 Vital statistics. See Statistics, Vital 
 Voters 
 
 Voting precincts 
 Wards 
 
 Arranged numerically. 
 Water-supply 
 Wharves 
 
GENERAL FORM DIVISIONS UNDER SUBJECTS 
 
 Addresses, essays, lectures 
 
 To include addresses, essays, lectures, whether issued singly* or in collec- 
 tions, whether by one or more authors. It is to be limited to the class of 
 works specified, e. g. works which are usually brief and do not treat the sub- 
 ject as comprehensively or methodically as a regular treatise. 
 Occasionally the term "essay" is applied to a work which really forms a com- 
 prehensive treatise on a subject or branch of a subject. In this case the 
 subdivision is to be omitted. The same holds true of a series of lectures 
 on a particular subject which, issued together, may form a connected and 
 comprehensive treatise, and should therefore be entered under the gen- 
 eral subject without subdivision {cf. Collected works) 
 
 Bibliography 
 
 Bio-bibliography 
 
 Collected works 
 
 Ordinarily for works of one author, but also used in certain cases, especially 
 under scientific and technical subjects, to cover collections of works by 
 different authors. 
 
 Collections 
 
 Ordinarily to cover collections of works by different authors, but in certain 
 subjects, especially technical and scientific, to stand for collections of speci- 
 mens, objects, etc. Collected works in that case to cover works by one or 
 more authors. 
 
 Congresses 
 
 Dictionaries 
 
 Directories 
 
 Exhibitions 
 
 Handbooks, manuals, etc. 
 
 History 
 
 Outlines, syllabi, etc. 
 
 Restricted to syllabi and outlines presenting the subject in an abbreviated 
 form. Does not include compendious works, manuals, or handbooks which 
 contain a general presentation. 
 
 Periodicals 
 
 Societies 
 
 Statistics 
 
 Study and teaching 
 
 cf. also the independent headings Agricultural education. Moral education, 
 
 Technical education, etc. 
 Under Music and names of instruments. Instruction and study has been used. 
 
 Year-books 
 
 *A single address, essay, or lecture which deals with a particular phase or sub- 
 division of a subject is to be entered under that, not under the general heading with 
 subdivision Addresses, essays, lectures (e.g. an address on the history of Medicine is 
 to be entered under Medicine — History, not under Medicine — Addresses, essays, 
 
 lectures) 
 
 19 
 
EXAMPLES OF ADDITIONAL SUBDIVISIONS USED UNDER 
 SPECIAL CLASSES OF SUBJECTS 
 
 Note. — By way of illustration eome of the subjects or classes of subjects under 
 which they apply are specified. 
 
 Abnormities and deformities 
 
 Organs and regions of the body. 
 Accidents 
 
 Automobiles; Building; Coal mines and mining; Labor and laboring classes; 
 Railroads; Theaters. 
 Accounting 
 
 Under trades, professions, industries; and under Finance — [local subdivision] 
 Administration 
 
 Colonies; Universities and colleges; etc. 
 Adulteration and analysis 
 
 Drugs. 
 Agents 
 
 Insurance, Fire; Insurance, Industrial; Insurance, Life; etc. 
 Alphabets 
 
 Telegraph. 
 Amateurs' manuals 
 
 Dynamos; Electric engineering; Telegraph; Telephone; etc. 
 Analysis 
 
 Food; Sugar; Cast-iron; Coal; etc. 
 Analysis blanks 
 
 Botany. 
 Analytical guides 
 
 Music. 
 Anatomy 
 
 Biological subjects. 
 Anecdotes, facetiae, satire, etc. 
 
 Art; Law; Medicine; Music; Painting; etc. 
 Apparatus and supplies 
 
 Photography; Telegraph; Telephone. 
 Appointments, promotions, salaries, etc. 
 
 Under names of departments or institutions, cf. Salaries, pensions, etc.; also, 
 under names of countries, subdivisions Army — Appointments and retirements 
 (p. 5); Army — Promotions (p. 6); Navy — Pay, allowances, etc. (p. 11); Navy — 
 Promotions (p. 12); Officials and employees — Appointment, qualifications, 
 tenure, etc. (p. 12) 
 Appropriations and expenditures 
 
 Under departments, bureaus, etc. 
 20 
 
PRELIMINARY LIST OF SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS 21 
 
 Art collections 
 
 Under certain celebrated families, e g. Medici. 
 Associations (of employers) 
 
 Under trades, e. g. Sheet-metal workers. 
 Asylums and education 
 
 Deaf and dumb; Blind. 
 Autographs 
 Bacteriology 
 
 Meat; Milk; Cheese; etc. 
 Biblical arguments 
 
 Slavery; Temperance. 
 Blanks, forms, etc. See Forms, blanks, etc. 
 Buildings 
 
 Names of institutions and groups of institutions, e. g. Hungary — Universities 
 and colleges — Buildings; Postal service — [country subdivision] e. g. Postal 
 service — Germany — Buildings, cf. subdivision Public buildings under names 
 of countries and cities (p. 13, 17) and Diplomatic and consular service — 
 Buildings, under names of countries (p. 8) 
 Buildings and structures 
 
 Railroads. 
 Care and hygiene 
 
 Children; Infants; Eye; Teeth. 
 Care and treatment 
 
 Epileptics; Insane. 
 Caricatures. See Portraits, caricatures, etc. 
 Cases 
 
 Railroad law — U. S. 
 Catalogs 
 Catalogs and collections 
 
 Subjects in Natural history. 
 Catechisms 
 
 Churches and denominations. 
 Charities, protection, etc. 
 
 Children. 
 Charts, diagrams, etc. 
 
 Astronomy; Music. 
 Civic improvement 
 
 Cities and towns. 
 Civil rights 
 
 Negroes. 
 Classification 
 
 Botany; Zoology; Fishes; Insects; etc. 
 Collecting of specimens 
 
 Paleontology; Mineralogy. 
 Collection and preservation 
 
 Birds; Fishes; Insects; Reptiles; Zoological specimens; etc. 
 Commissariat 
 
 Armies, cf. subdivision Army — Commissariat, under names of countries (p. 5) 
 Conservation 
 
 Engravings. 
 
22 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Conservation and restoration 
 
 Manuscripts; Books. 
 Construction 
 
 Certain technical subjects and musical instriunents. c/. Design and con- 
 struction. 
 Contracts and specifications 
 
 Engineering subjects. 
 Conversation and phrase-books 
 
 Names of languages. 
 Conversion tables 
 
 Metric system; Time. 
 Correspondence, reminiscences, etc. 
 
 Musicians. 
 Corrupt practices 
 
 Elections; Elections — [local subdivision] 
 Cost of construction 
 
 Railroads; etc. 
 Cost of operation 
 
 Railroads; etc. 
 Costs 
 
 Manufactures; Ship-building; etc. 
 Costumes, supplies, etc. 
 
 Freemasons; Odd-fellows. 
 Credit guides 
 
 Names of trades. Credit guides of a particular locality have duplicate entry 
 under Credit guides — [local subdivision] 
 Curiosa and miscellany 
 
 Astronomy; Earth; Solar system; etc. cf. Miscellanea. 
 Decoration 
 
 Theaters. 
 Degrees 
 
 Names of universities, colleges, etc. 
 Design and construction 
 
 Dynamos; Electric machinery; Electric motors; etc. 
 Designs and plans 
 
 Architecture; Architecture, Domestic. 
 Diagnosis 
 
 Names of diseases. 
 Diseases 
 
 Organs or parts of the body; names of animals; etc. 
 Diseases and defects '^ 
 
 Eye. 
 Diseases and hygiene 
 
 Occupations. 
 Diseases and pests 
 
 Crustacea; Fishes; Salmon; Sugar-cane; Trees; etc. 
 Doctrinal and controversial works 
 
 Churches and denominations. 
 
PEELIMINAEY LIST OF SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS 23 
 
 Early works 
 
 Generally in scientific and technical subjects for works written before 1800. 
 Under certain subjects a later date is set, e. g. Railroads — Early works to 1850. 
 Economic aspects 
 
 Agriculture. 
 Education 
 
 Catholic church in the U. S.; Defective and delinquent classes; Jews; Negroes. 
 Electrometallurgy 
 
 Copper. 
 Elements 
 
 Astronomy; Algebra; Physiology; etc. The form of heading is Astronomy 
 (Elements) In arrangement it precedes the subdivisions. 
 Employment 
 
 Children; Woman. 
 Equipment and supplies 
 
 Railroads; Electric railroads; Fire departments. 
 Estimates 
 
 Engineering; Building; Carpentry; etc. 
 Examinations, questions, etc. 
 Exercises and recreations 
 
 Schools. 
 Experimentation 
 
 Agriculture, and cognate headings. 
 Experiments 
 
 Electricity; Magnetism; Physics, cf. Lecture experiments. 
 Explorations and surveys 
 
 Names of railroads, cf. Surveying. 
 Facsimiles 
 
 Manuscripts; Incunabula. 
 Fiction 
 
 Historical and biographical headings. 
 Finance 
 
 Railroads; Canals; names of industries; etc. 
 Fires and fire prevention 
 
 Under various classes of institutions and buildings. 
 Forms, blanks, etc. 
 
 Library science. 
 Formulae, receipts, prescriptions 
 
 Medicine. 
 Furniture, equipment, etc. 
 
 Hospitals; Schools; etc. 
 Gaging and testing 
 
 Liquors. 
 Galleries and museums 
 
 Art. 
 Government 
 
 Churches and denominations. 
 
24 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Heating and ventilation 
 
 Greenhouses; Railroads — Cars. 
 Heating, lighting, and ventilation 
 
 Library architecture. 
 History and criticism 
 
 Literature; Music; Law. 
 Hospitals 
 
 Leprosy; Smallpox; etc. 
 Hospitals and asylums 
 
 Children; Incurables; Inebriates. 
 Hospitals and sanatoriums 
 
 Tuberculosis. 
 Hospitals, charities, etc. 
 
 Names of wars. c/. Medical and sanitary affairs. 
 Hygiene 
 
 Hospitals, cf. Sanitation. 
 Hygienic aspects 
 
 Cold storage; Sewing machines. 
 Hymns 
 
 Churches and denominations. 
 Iconography 
 
 Cervantes; Colombo; Fables, cj. Portraits; Portraits, caricatures, etc. 
 Identification 
 
 Crime and criminals. 
 Illustrations. See Iconography; Pictorial works; Pictures, illustra- 
 tions, etc. 
 
 cf. also Description and travel — Views (p. 8); Description — ^ Views (p. 16); 
 Social life and customs — Illustrations (p. 13, 18) 
 Inflammation 
 
 Organs of the body, e. g. Brain, Eye. 
 Inspection 
 
 Steamboats; Canal-boats. 
 Instruction and study 
 
 Music; names of musical instruments. 
 Instructions, methods, etc. 
 
 Ethnology; Anthropology. 
 Instruments 
 
 Engineering; Surveying. 
 Jurisprudence 
 
 Blood; Insanity, and other topics which form special subdivisions of Medical 
 jurisprudence. 
 Juvenile and popular literature 
 
 cf. also Popular works; History, Juvenile (p. 9) 
 Laboratory blanks 
 
 Chemistry; Physics. 
 Laboratory manuals 
 
 Scientific and technical subjects. 
 Land transfers 
 
 Indians of North America; names of Indian tribes, e. g. Iroquois Indians. 
 
PRELIMINARY LIST OF SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS 25 
 
 Laws and legislation 
 
 Water; Electricity; Electric engineering; etc. cf. also special headings Labor 
 laws and legislation, Industrial laws and legislation, etc. 
 Laws and regulations 
 
 Canals — [country or state subdivision] ; Postal service — [country subdivision]; 
 Automobiles; Plumbing; etc. 
 Lecture experiments 
 
 Chemistry, cf. Experiments. 
 Legal status, laws, etc. 
 
 Woman. 
 Lighting 
 
 Railroads — Cars. 
 Liturgy and ritual 
 
 Churches and denominations, cf. Rituals. 
 Management 
 
 Engineering; Electric engineering; Electric power plants; Railroads; Tele- 
 graph stations. 
 Manipulation 
 
 Chemistry. 
 Manufacture 
 
 Names of articles manufactured. 
 Manufacture and industry 
 
 Chemicals. 
 Manuscripts 
 
 Music; names of authors, e. g. Dante Alighieri. 
 Maps, charts, diagrams 
 
 Geography, Economic; Geography, Commercial. 
 Materials and instruments 
 
 Writing. 
 Medical and sanitary affairs 
 
 Names of wars. cf. Hospitals, charities, etc. 
 Medical inspection 
 
 Schools. (For general works only. cf. Sanitary affairs) 
 Metallurgy 
 
 Names of metals; Dentistry. 
 Methodology 
 
 Science. 
 Methods and manuals 
 
 Manual training; Kindergarten. 
 Microscopic editions 
 
 Bibliography. 
 Miniature editions 
 
 Bibliography. 
 Miscellanea 
 
 Economics; Money; etc. cf. Curiosa and miscellany. 
 Missions 
 
 Churches and denominations. 
 Models 
 
 .Locomotives. 
 
26 - OBRAEY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Motormen's manuals 
 
 Electric railroads. 
 Museums and collections 
 
 Materia medica; Pharmacy. 
 Museums and galleries. See Galleries and museums 
 
 Music 
 
 Bible; Indians; Kindergarten, cj. Songs and music. 
 Navigation 
 
 Under names of rivers, etc. e. g. Scheldt. 
 Nomenclators 
 
 Scientific subjects, e. g. Botany; Paleobotany. 
 Nomenclature 
 
 Science; Natural history ; Botany; Zoology; Geology; Chemistry. To be used 
 for works dealing only with the scientific names of plants, animals, geological 
 formations, etc. cf. Terminology, used for works dealing only with descrip- 
 tive words and phrases. Subjects named above are as a rule to have both 
 subdivisions, i. e. Terminology as well as Nomenclature. 
 Observations 
 
 Astronomy; Meteorology; Earthquakes; etc. 
 Observers' manuals 
 
 Astronomy. •'<■ 
 
 Operators' manuals 
 
 Telegraph. 
 Organization and equipment 
 
 Armies. 'iA rrjaf 
 
 Organography 
 
 Botany; Natural history. 
 Pamphlets 
 
 Gt. Brit. — History — [period divisions] 
 Patents 
 
 Trades and inventions, e. g. Automobiles; Bicycles and tricycles; Paper mak- 
 ing and trade. 
 Patterns ^^.^^ . . 
 
 Embroidery. 
 Pensions 
 
 Names of professions, industries, etc. (e. g. Physicians— jSwec^en — Pensions) 
 cf. Salaries, pensions, etc. 
 Pests. See Diseases and pests 
 Philosophy 
 
 History; Law; etc. 
 Philosophy and esthetics 
 
 Music. 
 Phrase-books 
 
 Shorthand. 
 Physiology 
 
 Botany; Music. 
 Pictorial works 
 
 Zoology; Birds; Marine fauna; France— History, cf. Iconography; Pictures, 
 illustrations, etc.; Portraits, caricatures, etc.; Description and travel- 
 Views (p. 8); Description— Views (p. 16); Social life and customs— Illus- 
 trations (p. 13, 18) {cf. also Bible— Pictorial illustrations; Bible— Picture 
 Bibles) 
 
PRELIMINARY LIST OF SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS 27 
 
 Pictures, illustrations, etc. 
 
 Names of animals. 
 Plans 
 
 Insurance, Life. 
 Plans, Architectural. See Designs and plans 
 Poetry 
 
 Musicians; U. S. — Hist. — Civil war; U. S. — Hist. — Revolution, etc. 
 Political and social conditions 
 
 Jews. 
 Popular works 
 
 Homeopathy; Dentistry, cf. Juvenile and popular literature. 
 Portraits 
 
 Indians of North America; France — Hist.; Musicians; Artists; Kings and rulers; 
 names of individuals, e. g. Milton, cf. Iconography. 
 Portraits, caricatures, etc. 
 
 Names of certain individuals, e. g. Napoleon. 
 Power utilization 
 
 Hudson River; Rhone River. 
 Practice 
 
 Medicine; Homeopathy. 
 Prayer-books and devotions 
 
 Churches and denominations. 
 Pre-Linnean works 
 
 Botany; Natiu-al history; Zoology. 
 Premiums 
 
 Insurance, Fire; Insurance, Life. 
 Prevention 
 
 Accidents; Collisions at sea; Typhoid fever. 
 Preventive inoculation 
 
 Names of contagious diseases, e. g. Plague, Typhoid fever, etc. 
 Prices 
 
 Art; Art objects; Books; Manuscripts; Pictures. 
 Private collections 
 
 Art. 
 Problems, exercises, etc. 
 
 Scientific and technical subjects. 
 Promotions. See Appointments, promotions, salaries, etc. 
 Psychology 
 
 Art; Music. 
 Quotations, maxims, etc. 
 
 Music. 
 Rate-books 
 
 Lumber. 
 
 Rates 
 
 Railroads; Shipping; Postal service. 
 Rates and tables 
 
 Insurance, Fiie; Insurance, Life; etc. 
 Record and correspondence files 
 
 Railroads. 
 
■28 LIBRAEY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Record blanks 
 
 Natural history. 
 Regulation 
 
 Electric machinery; Rivers. 
 Regulations and laws. See Laws and regulations 
 Regulators 
 
 Steam-heating; Hot water heating. 
 Repairing 
 
 Bicycles and tricycles; Clocks and watches; Pottery. 
 Rituals 
 
 Secret societies, cf. Liturgy and ritual. 
 Rituals, Cipher 
 
 Secret societies. 
 Safety appliances 
 
 Factories; Machinery; Mine hoisting; Railroads; Steam-boilers. 
 Safety measures 
 
 Coal mines and mining; Mining engineering; Theaters. 
 Salaries, pensions, etc. 
 
 Names of professions, industries, etc. {e. g. Teachers — Salaries, pensions, etc.) 
 cf. Appointments, promotions, salaries, etc.; Pensions. 
 
 Sample books 
 
 Paper. 
 Sanitary affairs 
 
 Schools — [country or state subdivision]; particular classes of schools, or indi- 
 vidual institutions (e. g. Schools — France — Sanitary affairs; Normal Schools — 
 Sanitary affairs; Berlin — Public schools — Sanitary affairs; California. Uni- 
 versity — Sanitary affairs) cf. Medical inspection; Medical and sanitary affairs, 
 and subdivision Sanitary affairs under countries and cities (p. 13, 18) 
 Sanitation 
 
 Ships. 
 Social and moral questions 
 
 Woman. 
 Societies and clubs 
 
 Boys; Girls; Woman. 
 Songs and music 
 
 Freemasons; names of schools, colleges, and universities, cf. Music. 
 Specialties and specialists 
 
 Medicine. 
 Specifications 
 
 Telephone lines. 
 Specimens 
 
 Expurgated books; Bookbinding — France — 16th century. 
 Specimens, reproductions, etc. 
 
 Miniature painting. 
 Standards 
 
 Electric machinery, cf. also Systems and standards. 
 State supervision 
 
 Insurance, Life. 
 
PRELIMINAKY LIST OF SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS 29 
 
 Stations 
 
 Railroads. 
 Storage 
 
 Farm produce. 
 Superintendence 
 
 Building. 
 
 Surgery 
 
 Organs and parts of the body, etc. 
 Surveying 
 
 Railroads, cf. Explorations and surveys. 
 Symbolism 
 
 Secret societies; Odd-fellows. 
 Systems and standards 
 
 Time. 
 Tables, etc. 
 
 Scientific and economic subjects. 
 Tables and ready-reckoners 
 
 Trades and industries, e. g. Lumber trade; Agriculture. 
 Tables, calculations, etc. 
 
 Technical subjects, e. g. Carpentry; Bridges. 
 Taxation 
 
 Corporations; Insurance; etc. 
 Teclinique 
 
 Microscope and microscopy; Natural history; Zoology; Bacteriology; 
 Engraving; Painting. 
 Terminology 
 
 Commerce; Geography; Medicine; Anatomy; Technology; Military art and 
 science. 
 
 In science, to be used for works dealing only with descriptive words and phrases, 
 as distinct from works dealing with scientific names. cf. Nomenclature. 
 Testing 
 
 Paper; Coal; Telegraph; etc. 
 Text-books 
 
 Geography; Physical geography; etc. To be subdivided by periods. 
 Texts 
 
 Form subdivision used under certain languages for books in that language, 
 regardless of subject. 
 Theory- 
 Music . 
 Therapeutic use 
 
 Names of chemical substances, e. g. Alkaloids, Antimony, Arsenic; Air, Rare- 
 fied; Corals; Gums and resins; Milk; Steel. 
 Tools 
 
 Carpentry. 
 Tools and implements 
 
 Engineering. 
 Trade-marks 
 
 Names of trades, e. g. Paper making and trade. 
 
30 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Transportation 
 
 Names of industrial products, etc. 
 Treatment 
 
 Wounds; etc. 
 Ventilation 
 
 Factories; Ships; School-houses; Workshops, c/. also Heating and ventilation; 
 Heating, lighting, and ventilation. 
 Wage tables 
 
 Railroads. 
 
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