LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS 61sT CONGRESS "I Sd Session / DOCUMENT No. 654 A BIOGRAPHICAL CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY WITH AN OUTLINE HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL CONGRESS 1774-1911 THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS SEPTEMBER 5, 1774-OCTOBER 21, 1788 THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS FROM THE FIRST TO THE SIXTY- SECOND CONGRESS, MARCH 4, 1789-MARCH 3, 1911 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS JAN 1 4 19S5 LIBRARY WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1913 OF PAT IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES, March 3, 1911. Resolved, That the resolution of the Senate adopted on June twenty-fifth, nineteen hundred and ten, authorizing the printing of the Biographical Congres- sional Directory, is hereby rescinded and that the Biographical Congressional Directory, revised and corrected to the Sixty-second Congress, be printed as a public document. Attest: CHARLES G. BENNETT, Secretary. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page. INTRODUCTION 5 EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789-1911 9 THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS 25 APPORTIONMENT OF REPRESENTATIVES 29 THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES: First Congress 30 Second Congress 33 Third Congress 36 Fourth Congress 39 Fifth Congress 43 Sixth Congress 47 Seventh Congress 51 Eighth Congress 55 Ninth Congress 60 Tenth Congress 64 Eleventh Congress 68 Twelfth Congress 72 Thirteenth Congress 76 Fourteenth Congress 81 Fifteenth Congress 86 Sixteenth Congress 91 Seventeenth Congress 97 Eighteenth Congress 103 Nineteenth Congress 108 Twentieth Congress 114 Twenty-first Congress 120 Twenty-second Congress 126 Twenty-third Congress 132 Twenty-fourth Congress 138 Twenty-fifth Congress 144 Twenty-sixth Congress 150 Twenty-seventh Congress 156 Twenty-eighth Congress 162 Twenty-ninth Congress 168 Thirtieth Congress 174 Thirty-first Congress 180 Thirty-second Congress 186 Thirty-third Congress 192 Thirty-fourth Congress 198 Thirty-fifth Congress .' 204 Thirty-sixth Congress 211 Thirty-seventh Congress 218 Thirty-eighth Congress 226 Thirty-ninth Congress 233 Fortieth Congress 240 Forty-first Congress 248 Forty-second Congress 257 Forty-third Congress 265 Forty-fourth Congress 273 Forty-fifth Congress 281 3 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS. THE CONGRESS OP THE UNITED STATES Continued. Page. Forty-sixth Congress 289 Forty-seventh Congress 296 Forty-eighth Congress 304 Forty-ninth Congress 312 Fiftieth Congress 320 Fifty-first Congress 327 Fifty-second Congress 335 Fifty-third Congress 344 Fifty-fourth Congress 353 Fifty-fifth Congress 362 Fifty-sixth Congress 371 Fifty-seventh Congress 380 Fifty-eighth Congress 389 Fifty-ninth Congress ' 398 Sixtieth Congress 407 Sixty-first Congress 416 BIOGRAPHIES '. 427 ISTTKODUCTIOK No effort seems to have been made to keep a history of Congress, or a directory of its Members, prior to 1820. In that year the first publication approaching the dignity of a congressional directory appeared, compiled and printed by " Daniel Rapine, Agent." It is a small volume of some forty pages and contains the names of the Members of Congress, with home and Washington addresses; the assignments of Members to committees; the names and local addresses of the heads of the executive departments; an imperfect list of American ministers in foreign countries, and an alphabetical list of Washington boarding houses. This publication with others similar appeared from time to time, as the succeeding sessions of Congress were held. They were purely private enterprises and depended upon sales and advertisements for their existence. In 1865 Congress undertook the work of publishing a Congressional Directory. At the beginning of the second session of the Thirty-eighth Congress a joint resolution was unanimously agreed to ordering the compilation and publication of such direc- tory, under the supervision of the Joint Committee on Public Printing. The committee held numerous sessions, obtained and examined like publications issued in foreign countries, and decided upon a work similar in all essentials to "The House of Commons," published in London since 1852. Biographical sketches first appeared in the Directory of the third session of the Fortieth Congress, in 1869. Their scope and purpose are outlined in a prefatory note that reads in part: "The Joint Committee on Printing suggests that in the biographies published no other information shall be given than the full name, the time and place of birth of the Member; his early education; collegiate education, if any, with date of graduation; professional studies; profession or business; all public offices held, with dates, and the record of his congressional service," and then adds: "It is desirable that no gentleman shall occupy over ten lines in print." The work of preparing and publishing a permanent congressional directory, to comprehend all the Congresses preceding, was first undertaken by Charles Lanman in 1859, and it bears the imposing title " Dictionary of the United States Congress." Too great credit can not be given Mr. Lanman for his work, considering the time and the small amount of material obtainable from official records and published proceedings. There have been at least six subsequent editions of this work, all calculated to bring it down to date. Since Mr. Lanman's last volume the succeed- ing compilers appear to have done little more than to add to the permanent volume such information as could be obtained from the periodical Congressional Directories. There seems to have been little effort to correct, revise, or perfect the work of the earlier compilers, and thus endless errors crept in. The present committee has undertaken the work of general revision and verification. It has not only carefully scanned the journals and records of debates but it has also consulted all available biographical works ; has made special appeals to Government depositories ; public libraries ; historical associations ; State, county, and municipal officers, as well as to individuals, for specific and general information. 6 INTRODUCTION. Acknowledgments are here made to all those who have assisted the committee in its work, and too' great recognition can not be given the postmasters throughout the country, who, when appealed to for information, have invariably responded by furnishing the desired data, or by placing the committee in communication with some one most likely to possess it. There are instances in which librarians, historians, and biographers have spent many days in research and in preparation of facts desired, but to mention names would be invidious. The cooperation of all readers is further solicited to the end that the publication may eventually be a full and accurate record a book of absolute and permanent value. The history of the executive administrations has been examined, and verified from the official documents on file in the State Department, and special acknowl- edgments are made to Philander C. Knox, the Secretary of State, for his courteous cooperation in this work. It has been the aim of the committee to be absolutely impartial in its presenta- tions and to keep well within the bounds prescribed by the Joint Committee on Printing that first undertook the task. It is unfortunate that some records that might be of great value, especially as bearing upon earlier contested election cases and their determination, were burned by the British in 1814, and that the journals of the two Houses, and the certificates of election as well, are not reliable authority as to the spelling of names. They afford little accurate history as to resignations and deaths of Members, and none whatever as to their home addresses. So far as it has been obtainable the post-office address of the Member during the period of his service is placed opposite his name in the Congress or Congresses in which he served. Beginning with the Fortieth Congress, the names of Representatives from the various States are placed in the numerical order of the congressional districts they represented, and the names of any Representatives at large appear at the end of the list, in the order of their seniority. It will thus be easy, taking into account any footnote references of deaths, resignations, etc., to ascertain the particular congressional district a Member represented. The names of all Senators are given in the order of seniority, the name of the Senator of the longer service in the left- hand column and of the junior Senator in the right-hand column. WASHINGTON, D. C., December, 1912. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789-1911. A Cabinet officer is not appointed for a fixed term and does not necessarily go out of office with the President who appointed him, and, while it is customary to tender his resignation at the time a change of administration takes place, he remains formally at the head of his department until his successor qualifies or he is himself reappointed. Subordinates acting tem- porarily as heads of departments are not considered Cabinet officers, and in the earlier period of the Nation's history not all Cabinet officers were heads of executive departments. The order of departmental precedence now observed was not followed prior to the passage of the act of January 19, 1886, establishing the line of presidential succession. The names of all those exercising the duties and bearing the responsibilities of the executive departments, together with the period of service, are incorporated in the data that follows. The Department of State, through the courtesy of Mr. Philander C. Knox, Secretary of State, has verified and corrected the data from official records and documents on file in the department. The dates immediately following the names of executive officers are those upon which commissions issued, unless otherwise specifically noted. Where periods of time are indicated by dates as, for instance, March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797, both such dates are included as portions of the time period. First Administration of GEORGE WASHINGTON. APEIL 30, 1789, TO MABCH 3, 1793. President GEORGE WASHINGTON, of Virginia. Vice President JOHN ADAMS, of Massachusetts. Secretary of State John Jay, of New York, was Secretary for Foreign Affairs under the Confedera- tion, and continued to act, at the request of Wash- ington, until Jefferson's arrival, March 21, 1790; Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia, September 26, 1789. Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, of New York, September 11, 1789. Secretary of War Henry Knox, of Massachusetts, September 12, 1789. Attorney General Edmund Randolph, of Vir- ginia, September 26, 1789; entered upon duties February 2, 1790. Postmaster General Samuel Osgood, of Massa- chusetts, September 26, 1789; Timothy Pickering, of Pennsylvania, August 12, 1791; entered upon duties August 19, 1791. Second Administration of GEORGE WASHINGTON. MARCH 4, 1793, TO MABCH 3, 1797. -^ WASHINGTON, of Virginia. Vice President JOHN ADAMS, of Massachusetts. Secretary of State. Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia, continued from last administration; Edmund Randolph, of Virginia, January 2, 1794; Timothy Pickering, of Pennsylvania (Secretary of War), ad interim, August 20, 1795; Timothy Pickering, of Pennsylvania, December 10, 1795. Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, of New York, continued from last administration; Oliver Wolcott, jr., of Connecticut, February 2, 1795. Secretary^ of War Henry Knox, of Massachu- setts, continued from last administration; Timothy Pickering, of Pennsylvania, January 2, 1795; Tim- othy Pickering, of Pennsylvania (Secretary of State), ad interim, December 10, 1795, to Febru- ary 5, 1796; James McHenry, of Maryland, January 27, 1796; entered upon duties February 6, 1796. Attorney General Edmund Randolph, of Vir- ginia, continued from last administration; William Bradford, of Pennsylvania, January 27, 1794; entered upon duties January 29, 1794; Charles Lee, of Virginia, December 10, 1795. Postmaster General Timothy Pickering, of Pennsylvania, continued from last administration; Timothy Pickering, of Pennsylvania, recommis- sioned June 1, 1794; Joseph Habersham, of Georgia, February 25, 1795. Administration of JOHN ADAMS. MABCH 4, 1797, TO MABCH 3, 1801. President JOHN ADAMS, of Massachusetts. Vice President THOMAS JEFFERSON, of Virginia. Secretary of State Timothy Pickering, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration; resignation requested May 10, 1800, but declining to resign, he was dismissed May 12, 1800; Charles Lee, of Virginia (Attorney General), ad interim, May 13, 1800; John Marshall, of Virginia, May 13, 1800; entered upon duties June 6, 1800. Secretary of the Treasury Oliver Wolcott, jr., of Connecticut, continued from last administration; Samuel Dexter,, of Massachusetts, January 1, 1801. Secretary of War James McHenry, of Maryland, continued from last administration; Benjamin Stoddert, of Maryland (Secretary of the Navy), ad interim, June 1, 1800; Samuel Dexter, of Massachu- setts, May 13, 1800; Samuel Dexter, of Massachu- setts (Secretary of the Treasury), ad interim, Jan- uary 1, 1801. Attorney General Charles Lee, of Virginia, con- tinued from last administration. Postmaster General Joseph Habersham, of Georgia, continued from last administration. Secretary of the Navy Benjamin Stoddert, of Maryland, May 21, 1798; entered upon duties June 18, 1798. 9 10 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. First Administration of THOMAS JEFFERSON. MARCH 4, 1801, TO MARCH 3, 1805. President THOMAS JEFFERSON, of Virginia. Vice President AARON BURR, of New York. Secretary of State John Marshall, of Virginia, for one day (March 4, 1801), and for a special pur- pose; Levi Lincoln, of Massachusetts (Attorney General), ad interim, March 5, 1801; James Madi- son, of Virginia, March 5, 1801; entered upon duties May 2, 1801. Secretary of the Treasury Samuel Dexter, of Massachusetts, continued from last administra- tion to May 6, 1801; Albert Gallatin, of Pennsyl- vania, May 14, 1801. Secretary of War Henry Dearborn, of Massa- chusetts, March 5, 1801. Attorney General Levi Lincoln, of Massachu- setts, March 5, 1801, to December 31, 1804. Postmaster General Joseph Habersham, of Georgia, continued from last administration; Gid- eon Granger, of Connecticut, November 28, 1801. Secretary of the Navy Benjamin Stoddert, of Maryland, continued from last administration: Henry Dearborn, of Massachusetts (Secretary of War), ad interim, April 1, 1801; Robert Smith, of Maryland, July 15, 1801; entered upon duties July 27, 1801. Second Administration of THOMAS JEFFERSON. MARCH 4, 1805, TO MARCH 3, 1809. President THOMAS JEFFERSON, of Virginia. Vice President GEORGE CLINTON, of New York. Secretary of State James Madison, of Virginia, continued from last administration. Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin, of Pennsylvania, continued from last administration. Secretary of War Henry Dearborn, of Massa- chusetts, continued from last administration ; John Smith (chief clerk), ad interim, February 17, 1809. Attorney General John Breckenridge, of Ken- tucky, August 7, 1805 (died December 14, 1806); Caesar A. Rodney, of Pennsylvania, January 20, 1807. Postmaster General Gideon Granger, of Con- necticut, continued from last administration.' Secretary of the Navy Robert Smith, of Mary- land, continued from last administration. First Administration of JAMES MADISON. MARCH 4, 1809, TO MARCH 3, 1813. President JAMES MADISON, of Virginia. Vice President GEORGE CLINTON, of New York. (Died April 20, 1812.) President of the Senate pro tempore WILLIAM H. CRAWFORD, of Georgia. Secretary of State Robert Smith, of Maryland, March 6, 1809; James Monroe, of Virginia, April 2, 1811; entered upon duties April 6, 1811. Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin, of Pennsylvania, continued from last administration. Secretary of War John Smith (chief clerk), ad interim, continued from last administration; Wil- liam Eustis, of Massachusetts, March 7, 1809; entered upon duties April 8, 1809, and served to December 31, 1812; James Monroe, of Virginia (Secretary of State), ad interim, January 1, 1813; John Armstrong, of New York, January 13, 1813; entered upon duties February 5, 1813. Attorney General Caesar A. Rodney, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration; resigned December 5, 1811. William Pinkney, of Maryland, December 11, 1811; entered upon duties January 6, 1812. Postmaster General Gideon Granger, of Con- necticut, continued from last administration. Secretary of the Navy Robert Smith, of Mary- land, continued from last administration; Charles W. Goldsborough (chief clerk), ad interim, March 8, 1809; Paul Hamilton, of South Carolina, March 7, 1809; entered upon duties May 15, 1809; served to December 31, 1812; Charles W. Goldsborough (chief clerk), ad interim, January 7, 1813, to January 18, 1813; William Jones, of Pennsylvania, January 12, 1813; entered upon duties January 19, 1813. Second Administration of JAMES MADISON. MARCH 4, 1813, TO MARCH 3, 1817. President JAMES MADISON, of Virginia. Vice President ELBRIDGE GERRY, of Massachu- setts. (Died November 23, 1814.) President of the Senate pro tempore JOHN GAIL- LARD, of South Carolina. Secretary of State James Monroe, of Virginia, continued from last administration; James Mon- roe, of Virginia (Secretary of War), ad interim, September 30, 1814; James Monroe, of Virginia, February 28, 1815. Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin, of Pennsylvania, continued from last administration; William Jones, of Pennsylvania (Secretary of the Navy), performed the duties of the Secretary of the Treasury during the absence of Mr. Gallatin in Europe in 1813; George W. Campbell, of Ten- nessee, February 9, 1814; Alexander J. Dallas, of Pennsylvania, October 6, 1814; entered upon du- ties October 14, 1814; William H. Crawford, of Georgia, October 22, 1816. Secretary of War John Armstrong, of New York, continued from last administration; James Monroe, of Virginia (Secretary of State), ad in- terim, August 30, 1814; James Monroe, of Virginia, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789-1911. September 27, 1814 ; entered upon duties October I, 1814; James Monroe, of Virginia (Secretary of State), ad interim, March 1, 1815; Alexander J. Dallas, of Pennsylvania (Secretary of the Treas- ury), ad interim, March 14, 1815, to August, 8, 1815; William H. Crawford, of Georgia, August 1, 1815; entered upon duties August 8, 1815; George Graham (chief clerk), ad interim, October 22, 1816. Attorney General William Pinkney, of Mary- land, continued from last administration; Richard Rush, of Pennsylvania, February 10, 1814; entered upon duties the day following. Postmaster General Gideon Granger, of Con- necticut, continued from last administration; Return J. Meigs, jr., or Ohio, March 17, 1814; en- tered upon duties April 11, 1814. Secretary of the Navy William Jones, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration; Benjamin Homans (chief clerk), ad interim, De- cember 2, 1814; Benjamin W. Crowninshield, of Massachusetts, December 19, 1814; entered upon duties January 16, 1815. First Administration of JAMES MONROE. MARCH 4, 1817, TO MARCH 3, 1821. President JAMES MONROE, of Virginia. Vice President DANIEL D. TOMPKINS, of New York. Secretary of State John Graham (chief clerk), ad interim, March 4, 1817; Richard Rush, of Pennsylvania (Attorney General), ad interim, March 10, 1817; John Quincy Adams, of Massachu- setts, March 5, 1817; entered upon duties Septem- ber 22, 1817. Secretary of the Treasury William H. Crawford, of Georgia, continued from last administration; William H. Crawford, of Georgia, recommissioned March 5, 1817. Secretary of War George Graham (chief clerk), ad interim, March 4, 1817; John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina, October 8, 1817; entered upon duties December 10, 1817. Attorney General Richard Rush, of Pennsylva- nia, continued from last administration to Octo- ber 30, 1817; William Wirt, of Virginia, November 13, 1817; entered upon duties November 15, 1817. Postmaster General Return J. Meigs, jr., of Ohio, continued from last administration. Secretary of the Navy Benjamin W. Crownin- shield, of Massachusetts, continued from last ad- ministration; John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina (Secretary of War), ad interim, October 1, 1818; Smith Thompson, of New York, November 9, 1818; entered upon duties January 1, 1819. Second Administration of JAMES MONROE. MARCH 4, 1821, TO MARCH 3, 1825. President JAMES MONROE, of Virginia. Vice President DANIEL D. TOMPKINS, of New York. Secretary of State John Q. Adams, of Massa- chusetts, continued from last administration. Secretary of the Treasury William H. Crawford, of Georgia, continued from last administration. Secretary of War John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina, continued from last administration. Attorney General William Wirt, of Virginia, continued from last administration. Postmaster General Return J. Meigs, jr., of Ohio, continued from last administration; John McLean, of Ohio, commissioned June 26, 1823, to take effect July 1, 1823. Secretary of the Navy Smith Thompson, of New York, continued from last administration; John Rodgers (commodore, United States Navy, and president of the Board of Navy Commissioners), ad interim, September 1, 1823; Samuel L. South- ard, of New Jersey, September 16, 1823. Administration of JOHN QUINCY ADAMS. MARCH 4, 1825, TO MARCH 3, 1829. President JOHN QUINCY ADAMS, of Massachu- setts. Vice President JOHN C. CALHOUN, of South Carolina. Secretary of State Daniel Brent (chief clerk), ad interim, March 4, 1825; Henry Clay, of Ken- tucky, March 7, 1825. Secretary of the Treasury Samuel L. Southard, of New Jersey (Secretary of the Navy), ad interim, March 7, 1825; Richard Rush, of Pennsylvania, March 7, 1825; entered upon duties August 1, 1825. Secretary of War James Barbour, of Virginia, March 7, 1825; Samuel L. Southard, of New Jer- sey (Secretary of the Navy), ad interim, May 26, 1828; Peter B. Porter, of New York, May 26, 1828; entered upon duties June 21, 1828. Attorney General William Wirt, of Virginia, continued from last administration. Postmaster General John McLean, of Ohio, continued from last administration. Secretary of the Nary Samuel TV. Southard, of New Jersey, continued from last administration. 12 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. First Administration of ANDREW JACKSON. MARCH 4, 1829, TO MARCH 3, 1833. President ANDREW JACKSON, of Tennessee. Vice President JOHN C. CALHOUN, of South Carolina. (Resigned December 28, 1832.) President of the Senate pro tempore HUGH LAW- SON WHITE, of Tennessee. Secretary of State James A. Hamilton, of New York, ad interim, March 4, 1829; Martin Van Buren, of New York, March 6, 1829; entered upon duties March 28, 1829; Edward Livingston, of Louisiana, May 24, 1831. Secretary of the Treasury Samuel D. Ingham, of Pennsylvania, March 6, 1829; Asbury Dickins (chief clerk), ad interim, June 21, 1831; Louis McLane, of Delaware, August 8, 1831. Secretary of War John H. Eaton, of Tennessee, March 9, 1829; Philip G. Randolph (chief clerk), ad interim, June 20, 1831; Roger B. Taney, of Maryland (Attorney General), ad interim, July 21, 1831; Lewis Cass, of Ohio, August 1, 1831. Attorney General John M. Berrien, of Georgia, March 9, 1829, to June 22, 1831; Roger B. Taney, of Maryland, July 20, 1831. Postmaster General John McLean, of Ohio, continued from last Administration; William T. Barry, of Kentucky, March 9, 1829; entered upon duties April 6, 1829. Secretary of the Navy Charles Hay (chief clerk), ad interim, March 4, 1829; John Branch, of North Carolina, March 9, 1829; John Boyle (chief clerk), ad interim, May 12, 1831; Levi Woodbury, of New Hampshire, May 23, 1831. Second Administration of ANDREW JACKSON. MARCH 4, 1833, TO MARCH 3, 1837. President ANDREW JACKSON, of Tennessee. Vice President MARTIN VAN BUREN, of New York. Secretary of State Edward Livingston, of Louisi- ana, continued from last administration; Louis McLane, of Delaware, May 29, 1833; John Forsyth, of Georgia, June 27, 1834; entered upon duties July 1, 1834. Secretary of the Treasury Louis McLane, of Delaware, continued from last Administration; William J. Duane, of Pennsylvania, May 29, 1833; entered upon duties June 1, 1833; Roger B. Taney, of Maryland, September 23, 1833; McClin- tock Young (chief clerk), ad interim, June 25, 1834; Levi Woodbury, of New Hampshire, June 27, 1834, entered upon duties July 1, 1834. Secretary of War Lewis Cass, of Ohio, continued from last Administration; Carey A. Harris, of Tennessee (Commissioner of Indian Affairs), ad interim, October 5, 1836; Benjamin F. Butler, of New York (Attorney General), ad interim, Octo- ber 26, 1836; Benjamin F. Butler, of New York, commissioned March 3, 1837, ad interim, "during the pleasure of the President, until a successor, duly appointed, shall accept such office and enter upon the duties thereof." Attorney General Roger B. Taney, of Maryland, continued from last administration to September 23, 1833; Benjamin F. Butler, of New York, No- vember 15, 1833; entered upon duties November 18, 1833. Postmaster General William T. Barry, of Ken- tucky, continued from last administration; Amos Kendall, of Kentucky, May 1, 1835. Secretary of the Navy Levi Woodbury, of New Hampshire, continued from last administration; Mahlon Dickerson, of New Jersey, June 30, 1834. Administration of MARTIN VAN BTTREN. MARCH 4, 1837, TO MARCH 3, 1841. President MARTIN VAN BUREN, of New York. Vice President. RICHARD M. JOHNSON, of Ken- tucky. Secretary of State John Forsyth, of Georgia, continued from last administration. Secretary of the Treasury Levi Woodbury, of New Hampshire, continued from last administration. Secretary of War Benjamin F. Butler, of New York, ad interim, continued from last administra- tion; Joel R. Poinsett, of South Carolina, March 7, 1837; entered upon duties March 14, 1837. Attorney General Benjamin F. Butler, of New York, continued from last Administration; Felix Grundy, of Tennessee, July 5, 1838, to take effect September 1, 1838; Henry D. Gilpin, of Pennsyl- vania, January 11, 1840. Postmaster General Amos Kendall, of Ken- tucky, continued from last administration; John M. Niles, of Connecticut, May 19, 1840; entered upon duties May 26, 1840. Secretary of the Navy Mahlon Dickerson. of New Jersey, continued from last administration; James K. Paulding, of New York, June 25, 1838; entered upon duties July 1, 1838. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789-1911. 13 Administration of WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. MARCH 4, 1841, TO APRIL 3, 1841. President WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON, of Ohio. (Died April 4, 1841.) Vice President JOHN TYLER, of Virginia. Secretary of State J. L. Martin (chief clerk), ad interim, March 4, 1841; Daniel Webster, of Massachusetts, March 5, 1841. Secretary of the Treasury McClintock Young (chief clerk), ad interim, March 4, 1841; Thomas Ewing, of Ohio, March 5, 1841. Secretary of War John Bell, of Tennessee, March 5, 1841. Attorney General John J. Crittenden, of Ken- tucky, March 5, 1841. Postmaster General Selah R. Hobbie, of New York (First Assistant Postmaster General), ad interim, March 4, 1841; Francia Granger, of New York, March 6, 1841; entered upon duties March 8, 1841. Secretary of the Navy John D. Simms (chief clerk), ad interim, March 4, 1841; George E. Badger, of North Carolina, March 5, 1841. Administration of JOHN TYLER. APRIL 4, 1841, TO MARCH 3, 1845. President JOHN TYLER, of Virginia. President of the Senate pro tempore SAMUEL L. SOUTHARD, of New Jersey; WILLIAM P. MANGUM, of North Carolina. Secretary of State Daniel Webster, of Massa- chusetts, continued from Harrison's administra- tion; Hugh S. Legare", of South Carolina (Attorney General), ad interim, May 9, 1843; William S. Derrick (chief clerk), ad interim, June 20, 1843; Abel P. Upshur, 01 Virginia, (Secretary of the Navy), ad interim, June 24, 1843; Abel P. Upshur, of Virginia, July 24, 1843; killed on the Princeton February 28, 1844; John Nelson, of Maryland (At- torney General), ad interim, February 29, 1844; John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina, March 6, 1844; entered upon duties April 1, 1844. Secretary of the Treasury Thomas Ewing, of Ohio, continued from Harrison's administration; McClintock Young (chief clerk), ad interim, Sep- tember 13, 1841; Walter Forward, of Pennsylvania, September 13, 1841; McClintock Young (chief clerk), ad interim, March 1, 1843; John C. Spen- cer, of New York, March 3, 1843; entered upon duties March 8, 1843; McClintock Young (chief clerk), ad interim, May 2, 1844; George M. Bibb, of Kentucky, June 15, 1844; entered upon duties July 4, 1844. Secretary of War John Bell, of Tennessee, con- tinued from Harrison's administration; Albert M. Lea, of Maryland (chief clerk), ad interim, Sep- tember 12, 1841; John C. Spencer, of New York, October 12, 1841; James M. Porter, of Pennsyl- vania, March 8, 1843; William Wilkins, of Penn- sylvania, February 15, 1844; entered upon duties February 20, 1844. Attorney General John J. Crittenden, of Ken- tucky, continued from Harrison's administration; Hugh S. Legare, of South Carolina, September 13, 1841; entered upon duties September 20, 1841 (died June 20, 1843); John Nelson, of Maryland, July 1, 1843. Postmaster General Francis Granger, of New York, continued from Harrison's administration; Selah R. Hobbie, of New York (First Assistant Postmaster General), ad interim, September 14, 1841; Charles A. Wickliffe, of Kentucky, Septem- ber 13,1841; entered upon duties October 13, 1841. Secretary of the Navy George E. Badger, of North Carolina, continued from Harrison's admin- istration; John D. Simms (chief clerk), ad interim, September 12, 1841; Abel P. Upshur, of Virginia, September 13, 1841; entered upon duties October 11, 1841; David Henshaw, of Massachusetts, July 24, 1843; Thomas W. Gilmer, of Virginia, February 15, 1844; entered upon duties February 19, 1844 (killed on the Princeton February 28, 1844); Lewis Warrington (captain, United States Navy), ad in- terim, February 29, 1844; John Y. Mason, of Vir- ginia, March 14, 1844; entered upon duties March 26, 1844. Administration of JAMES E. POLK. MARCH 4, 1845, TO MARCH 3, 1849. President JAMES K. POLK, of Tennessee. Vice President GEORGE M. DALLAS, of Penn- sylvania. Secretary of State John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina, continued from last administration; James Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, March 6, 1845; entered upon duties March 10, 1845. Secretary of the Treasury George M. Bibb, of Kentucky, continued from last administration; Robert J. Walker, of Mississippi, March 6, 1845; entered upon duties March 8, 1845. Secretary of War William Wilkins, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration; William L. Marcy, of New York, March 6, 1845; entered upon duties March 8, 1845. Attorney General John Nelson, of Maryland continued from last administration; John Y. Mason, of Virginia, March 6, 1845; entered upon duties March 11, 1845; Nathan Clifford, of Maine, October 17, 1846; to March 17, 1848, when here- signed; Isaac Toucey, of Connecticut, June 21, 1848; entered upon duties June 29, 1848. Postmaster General Charles A. Wickliffe, of Kentucky, continued from last administration; Cave Johnson, of Tennessee, March 6, 1845. Secretary of the Navy John Y. Mason, of Vir- ginia, continued from last administration ; George Bancroft, of Massachusetts, March 10, 1845; John Y. Mason, of Virginia, September 9, 1846. 14 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Administration of ZACHARY TAYLOR. MARCH 4, 1849, TO JULY 9, 1850. President ZACHARY TAYLOR, of Louisiana. (Died July 9, 1850.) Vice President MILLARD FILLMORE, of New York. Secretary of State James Buchanan, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration; John M. Clayton, of Delaware, March 7, 1849. Secretary of the Treasury Robert J. Walker, of Mississippi, continued from last administration; McClintock Young (chief clerk), ad interim, March 6, 1849; William M. Meredith, of Pennsyl- vania, March 8, 1849. Secretary of War William L. Marcy, of New York, continued from last administration; Rev- erdy Johnson, of Maryland (Attorney General), ad interim, March 8, 1849; George W. Crawford, of Georgia, March 8, 1849; entered upon dutie March 14, 1849. Attorney General Isaac Toucey, of Connecticut, continued from last administration; Reverdy Johnson, of Maryland, March 8, 1849. Postmaster General Cave Johnson, of Tennes- see, continued from last administration; Selah R. Hobbie, of New York (First Assistant Postmaster General), ad interim, March 5, 1849; Jacob Col- lamer, of Vermont, March 8, 1849. Secretary of the Navy John Y. Mason, of Vir- ginia, continued from last administration; Wil- liam B. Preston, of Virginia, March 8, 1849. Secretary of the Interior Thomas Ewing, of Ohio, March 8, 1849. Administration of MILLARD FILLMORE. JULY 9, 1850, TO MARCH 3, 1853. President MILLARD FILLMORE, of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore WILLIAM R. KING, of Alabama. Secretary of State John M. Clayton, of Dela- ware, continued from Taylor's administration; Daniel Webster, of Massachusetts, July 22, 1850 (died October 24, 1852); John J. Crittenden, of Kentucky, September-October, 1851; Charles M. Conrad, of Louisiana (Secretary of War), ad interim, October 25, 1852; Edward Everett, of Massachu- setts, November 6, 1852. Secretary of the Treasury William M. Meredith, of Pennsylvania, continued from Taylor's admin- istration; Thomas Corwin, of Ohio, July 23, 1850. Secretary of War George W. Crawford, of Geor- gia, continued from Taylor's administration; Sam- uel J. Anderson (chief clerk), ad interim, July 23, 1850; Winfield Scott (major general, U. S. Army), ad interim, July 24, 1850; Charles M. Conrad, of Louisiana, August 15, 1850. Attorney General Reverdy Johnson, of Mary- land, continued from Taylor's administration, served to July 22, 1850; John J. Crittenden, of Kentucky, July 22, 1850; entered upon duties August 14, 1850. Postmaster General Jacob Collamer, of Ver- mont, continued from Taylor's administration; Nathan K. Hall, of New York, July 23, 1850; Samuel D. Hubbard, of Connecticut, August 31, 1852; entered upon duties September 14, 1852. Secretary of the Navy William B. Preston ? of Virginia, continued from Taylor's administration; Lewis Warrington (captain, U. S. Navy), ad interim, July 23, 1850; William A. Graham, of North Caro- lina, July 22, 1850; entered upon duties August 2, 1850; John P. Kennedy, of Maryland, July 22, 1852; entered upon duties July 26,1852. Secretary of the Interior Thomas Ewing, of Ohio, continued from Taylor's administration; Daniel C. Goddard (chief clerk), ad interim, July 23, 1850; Thomas M. T. McKennan, of Pennsylvania, Au- gust 15, 1850; Daniel C. Goddard (chief clerk), ad interim, August 27, 1850; Alexander H. H. Stuart, of Virginia, September 12, 1850; entered upon duties September 16, 1850. Administration of FRANKLIN PIERCE. MARCH 4, 1853, TO MARCH 3, 1857. President FRANKLIN PIERCE, of New Hamp- shire. Vice President WILLIAM R. KING, of Alabama. (Died April 18, 1853.) Presidents of the Senate pro tempore DAVID R. ATCHISON, of Missouri; LEWIS CASS, of Michigan; JESSE D. BRIGHT, of Indiana; CHARLES E. STUART, of Michigan; JAMES M. MASON, of Virginia. Secretary of State William Hunter (chief clerk), ad interim, March 4, 1853; William L. Marcy, of New York, March 7, 1853. Secretary of the Treasury Thomas Corwin, of Ohio, continued from last administration; James Guthrie, of Kentucky, March 7, 1853. Secretary of War Charles M. Conrad, of Louis- iana, continued from last administration; Jeffer- son Davis, of Mississippi, March 7, 1853; Samuel Cooper (Adjutant General, U. S. Army), ad in- terim, March 3, 1857. Attorney General John J. Crittenden, of Ken- tucky, continued from last administration; Caleb Cushing, of Massachusetts, March 7, 1853. Postmaster General Samuel D. Hubbard, of Connecticut, continued from last administration; James Campbell, of Pennsylvania, March 7, 1853. Secretary of the Navy John P. Kennedy, of Maryland, continued from last administration; James C. Dobbin, of North Carolina, March 7, 1853. Secretary of the Interior Alexander H. H. Stuart, of Virginia, continued from last administration; Robert McClelland, of Michigan, March 7, 1853. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789-1911. Administration of JAMES BUCHANAN. 15 MARCH 4, 1857, TO MARCH 3, 1861. President JAMES BUCHANAN, of Pennsylvania. Vice President JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE, of Ken- tucky. Secretary of State William L. Marcy, of New York, continued from last administration; Lewis Cass, of Michigan, March 6, 1857; William Hunter (chief clerk), ad interim, December 14, 1860; Jeremiah S. Black, of Pennsylvania, December 17, 1860. Secretary of the Treasury James Guthrie, of Kentucky, continued from last administration; Howell Cobb, of Georgia, March 6, 1857; Isaac Toucey, of Connecticut (Secretary of the Navy), ad interim, December 10, 1860; Philip F. Thomas, of Maryland, December 12, 1860; John A. Dix, of New York, Januarv 11, 1861; entered upon duties January 15, 1861. " Secretary of War Samuel Cooper (Adjutant General, U. S. Army), ad interim, March 4, 1857; John B. Floyd, of Virginia, March 6, 1857; Joseph Holt, of Kentucky (Postmaster General), ad in- terim, January 1, 1861; Joseph Holt, of Kentucky, January 18, 1861. Attorney General Caleb Gushing, of Massachu- setts, continued from last administration; Jere- miah S. Black, of Pennsylvania, March 6, 1857; entered upon duties March 11, 1857; Edwin M. Stanton, of Pennsylvania, December 20, 1860; en- tered upon duties December 22, 1860. Postmaster General James Campbell, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration; Aaron V. Brown, of Tennessee, March 6, 1857 (died March 8, 1859); Horatio King, of Maine (First Assistant Postmaster General), ad interim, March 9, 1859; Joseph Holt, of Kentucky, March 14, 1859; Horatio King, of Maine (First Assistant Postmaster General), ad interim, January 1, 1861; Horatio King, of Maine, February 12, 1861. Secretary of the Navy James C. Dobbin, of North Carolina, continued from last administration; Isaac Toucey, of Connecticut, March 6, 1857. Secretary of the Interior Robert McClelland ? of Michigan, continued from last administration; Jacob Thompson, of Mississippi, March 6, 1857; entered upon duties March 10, 1857; Moses Kelly (chief clerk), ad interim, January 10, 1861. First Administration of ABRAHAM LINCOLN. MARCH 4, 1861, TO MARCH 3, 1865. President ABRAHAM LINCOLN, of Illinois. Vice President HANNIBAL HAMLIN, of Maine. Secretary of State Jeremiah S. Black, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration; William H. Seward, of New York, March 5, 1861. Secretary of the Treasury John A. Dix, of New York, continued from last ad ministration; Salmon P. Chase, of Ohio, March 5, 1861; entered upon duties March 7, 1861; George Harrington, of the District of Columbia (Assistant Secretary), ad in- terim, July 1, 1864; William P. Fessenden, of Maine, July 1, 1864; entered upon duties July 5, 1864. Secretary of War Joseph Holt, of Kentucky, continued from last administration; Simon Cam- eron, of Pennsylvania, March 5, 1861; entered upon duties March 11, 1861; Edwin M. Stanton, of Penn- sylvania, January 15, 1862; entered upon duties January 20, 1862. Attorney General Edwin M. Stanton, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration; Ed- ward Bates, of Missouri, March 5, 1861; James Speed, of Kentucky, December 2, 1864; entered upon duties December 5, 1864. Postmaster General Horatio King, of Maine, continued from last administration; Montgomery Blair, of the District of Columbia, March 5, 1861; entered upon duties March 9, 1861; William Den- nison, of Ohio, September 24, 1864; entered upon duties October 1, 1864. Secretary of the Navy Isaac Toucey, of Connec- ticut, continued from last administration; Gideon Welles, of Connecticut, March 5, 1861. Secretary of the Interior Moses Kelly (chief clerk), ad interim, March 4, 1861; Caleb B. Smith, of Indiana, March 5, 1861; John P. Usher, of In- diana (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, January 1, 1863; John P. Usher, of Indiana, January 8, 1863. Second Administration of ABRAHAM LINCOLN. MARCH 4, 1865, TO APRIL 15, 1865. President ABRAHAM LINCOLN, of Illinois. (Died April 15, 1865.) Vice President ANDREW JOHNSON, of Tennessee. Secretary of State William H. Seward, of New York, continued from last administration. Secretary of the Treasury George Harrington, of the District of Columbia (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, March 4, 1865; Hugh McCulloch, of Indiana, March 7, 1865; entered upon duties March 9, 1865. Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration. Attorney General James Speed, of Kentucky, continued from last administration. Postmaster General William Dennison, of Ohio, continued from last administration. Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles, of Con- necticut, continued from last administration. Secretary of the Interior John P. Usher, of Indi- ana, continued from last administration. 16 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Administration of ANDREW JOHNSON. APRIL 15, 1865, TO MARCH 3, 1869. President ANDREW JOHNSON, of Tennessee. President of the Senate pro tempore LAFAYETTE S. FOSTER, of Connecticut; BENJAMIN F. WADE, of Ohio. Secretary of State William H. Seward, of New York, continued from Lincoln's administration. Secretary of the Treasury Hugh McCulloch, of Indiana, continued from Lincoln's administration. Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, of Penn- sylvania, continued from Lincoln's administration; suspended August 12, 1867; Ulysses S. Grant (Gen- eral of the Army), ad interim, August 12, 1867; Edwin M. Stanton, of Pennsylvania, reinstated January 13, 1868, to May 26, 1868; John M. Scho- field, or Illinois, May 28, 1868; entered upon duties June 1, 1868. Attorney General James Speed, of Kentucky, continued from Lincoln's administration; J. Hub- ley Ashton, of Pennsylvania (Assistant Attorney General), acting, July 17, 1866; Henry Stanbery: of Ohio, July 23, 1866; Orville H. Browning, of Illinois (Secretary of the Interior), ad interim, March 13, 1868; William M. Evarts, of New York, July 15, 1868; entered upon duties July 20, 1868. Postmaster General William Dennison, of Ohio, continued from Lincoln's administration; Alex- ander W. Randall, of Wisconsin (First Assistant Postmaster General), ad interim, July 17, 1866; Alexander W. Randall, of Wisconsin, July 25, 1866. Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles, of Con- necticut, continued from Lincoln's administra- tion. Secretary of the Interior John P. Usher, of In- diana, continued from Lincoln's administration; James Harlan, of Iowa, May 15, 1865; Orville H. Browning, of Illinois, July 27, 1866, to take effect September 1, 1866. First Administration of ULYSSES S. GRANT. MARCH 4, 1869, TO MARCH 3, 1873. President ULYSSES S. GRANT, of Illinois. Vice President SCHUYLER COLFAX, of Indiana. Secretary of State. William H. Seward, of New York, continued from last administration; Elihu B. Washburne, of Illinois, March 5, 1869; Hamilton Fish, of New York, March 11, 1869; entered upon duties March 17, 1869. Secretary of the Treasury Hugh McCulloch, of Indiana, continued from last administration; John F. Hartley, of Maine (Assistant Secretary), ad in- terim, March 5, 1869; George S. Boutwell, of Massa- chusetts, March 11, 1869. Secretary of War John M. Schofield, of Illinois, continued from last administration; John A. Raw- lins, of Illinois, March 11, 1869; William T. Sher- man, of Ohio, September 9, 1869; entered upon duties September 11, 1869; William W. Belknap, of Iowa, October 25, 1869; entered upon duties November 1,1869. Attorney General William M. Evarts, of New York, continued from last administration; J. Hub- ley Ashton, of Pennsylvania (Assistant Attorney General), acting, March 5, 1869; Ebenezer R. Hoar, of Massachusetts, March 5, 1869; entered upon duties March 11, 1869; Amos T. Akerman, of Geor- gia, June 23, 1870; entered upon duties July 8, 1870; George H. Williams, of Oregon, December 14, 1871, to take effect January 10, 1872. Postmaster General St. John B. L. Skinner, of New York (First Assistant Postmaster General), ad interim, March 4, 1869; John A. J. Creswell, of Maryland, March 5, 1869. Secretary of the Navy William Faxon, of Con- necticut (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, March 4, 1869; Adolph E. Borie, of Pennsylvania, March 5, 1869; entered upon duties March 9, 1869; George M. Robeson, of New Jersey, June 25, 1869. Secretary of the Interior William T. Otto, of Indiana (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, March 4, 1869; Jacob D. Cox, of Ohio, March 5, 1869; entered upon duties March 9, 1869; Columbus Delano, of Ohio, November 1, 1870. Second Administration of ULYSSES S. GRANT. MARCH 4, 1873, TO MARCH 3, 1877. President ULYSSES S. GRANT, of Illinois. Vice President HENRY WILSON, of Massachusetts. (Died November 22, 1875.) President of the Senate pro tempore THOMAS W. FERRY, of Michigan. Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, of New York, continued from last administration; Hamilton Fish, of New York, recommissioned March 17, 1873. Secretary of the Treasury George S. Boutwell, of Massachusetts, continued from last administra- tion; William A. Richardson, of Massachusetts, March 17, 1873; Benjamin H. Bristow, of Ken- tucky, June 2, 1874; entered upon duties June 4, 1874; Charles F. Conant, of New Hampshire (As- sistant Secretary), ad interim, June 21, 1876, to June 30, 1876; Lot M. Morrill, of Maine, June 21, 1876; entered upon duties July 7, 1876. Secretary of War William W. Belknap, of Iowa, continued from last administration; Wil- liam W. Belknap, of Iowa, recommissioned March 17, 1873; George M. Robeson, of New Jersey (Sec- retary of the Navy), ad interim, March 2, 1876; Alphonso Taft, of Ohio, March 8, 1876; entered upon duties March 11, 1876; James D. Cameron, of Pennsylvania, May 22, 1876; entered upon duties June 1, 1876. Attorney General George H. Williams, of Ore- gon, continued from 'last administration; George H. Williams, of Oregon, recommissioned March 17, 1873; Edwards Pierrepont, of New York, April EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789-1911. 17 26, 1875, to take effect May 15, 1875; Alphonso Taft, of Ohio, May 22, 1876; entered upon duties June 1, 1876. Postmaster General John A. J. Creswell, of Maryland, continued from last administration; John A. J. Creswell, of Maryland, recommissioned March 17, 1873; James W. Marshall, of Virginia, July 3, 1874; entered upon duties July 7, 1874; Marshall Jewell, of Connecticut, August 24, 1874; entered upon duties September 1, 1874; James M. Tyner, of Indiana, July 12, 1876. Secretary of the Navy George M. Robeson, of New Jersey, continued from last administration; George M. Robeson, of New Jersey, recommis- sioned March 17, 1873. Secretary of the Interior Columbus Delano, of Ohio, continued from last administration; Colum- bus Delano, of Ohio, recommissioned March 17 1873; Benjamin R. Cowen, of Ohio (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, September 30, 1875; Zachariah Chandler, of Michigan, October 19, 1875. Administration of RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. MABCH 4, 1877, TO MARCH 3, 1881. President RUTHERFORD B. HAYES, of Ohio. Vice President WILLIAM A. WHEELER, of New York. Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, of New York, continued from last administration; William M. Evarts, of New York, March 12, 1877. Secretary of the Treasury Lot M. Morrill, of Maine, continued from last administration; John Sherman, of Ohio, March 8, 1877; entered upon duties March 10, 1877. Secretary of War James D. Cameron, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration; George W. McCrary, of Iowa, March 12, 1877; Alexander Ramsey, of Minnesota, December 10, 1879; entered upon duties December 12, 1879. Attorney General Alphonso Taft, of Ohio, con- tinued from last administration; Charles Devens, of Massachusetts, March 12, 1877. Postmaster General James M. Tyner, of Indi- ana, continued from last administration; David M. Key, of Tennessee, March 12, 1877; resigned June 1, 1880; Horace Maynard, of Tennessee, June 2, 1880; entered upon duties August 25, 1880. Secretary of the Navy George M. Robeson, of New Jersey, continued from last administration; Richard W. Thompson, of Indiana, March 12, 1877; Alexander Ramsey, of Minnesota (Secretary of War), ad interim, December 21, 1880; Nathan Goff, jr., of West Virginia, January 6, 1881. Secretary of the Interior Zachariah Chandler, of Michigan, continued from last administration; Carl Schurz, of Missouri, March 12, 1877. Administration of JAMES A. GKARFIEID. MABCH 4, 1881, TO SEPTEMBER 19, 1881. President JAMES A. GARFIELD, of Ohio. (Died September 19, 1881.) Vice President CHESTER A. ARTHUR, of New York. Secretary of State William M. Evarts, of New York, continued from last administration; James G. Blaine, of Maine, March 5, 1881; entered upon duties March 7, 1881. Secretary of the Treasury Henry F. French, of Massachusetts (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, March 4, 1881; William Windom, of Minnesota, March 5, 1881; entered upon duties March 8, 1881. Secretary of War Alexander Ramsey, of Min- nesota, continued from last administration; Robert T. Lincoln, of Illinois, March 5, 1881; entered upon duties March 11, 1881. Attorney General Charles Devens of Massachu setts, continued from last administration; Wayne MacVeagh, of Pennsylvania, March 5, 1881; entered upon duties March 7, 1881. Postmaster General Horace Maynard, of Ten- nessee, continued from last administration; Thomas L. James, of New York, March 5, 1881; entered upon duties March 8, 1881. Secretary of the Navy Nathan Goff, jr., of West Virginia, continued from last administration; William H. Hunt, of Louisiana, March 5, 1881; entered upon duties March 7, 1881. Secretary of the Interior Carl Schurz, of Mis- souri, continued froin last administration; Samuel J. Kirkwood, of Iowa, March 5, 1881; entered upon duties March 8, 1881. Administration of CHESTER A. ARTHUR. SEPTEMBER 20, 1881, TO MARCH 3, 1885. President CHESTER A. ARTHUR, of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore. THOMAS F. BAYARD, of Delaware; DAVID DAVIS, of Illinois; GEORGE F. EDMUNDS, of Vermont. Secretary of State James G. Blaine, of Maine, continued from Garfield's administration; Fred- erick T. Frelinghuysen, of New Jersey, December 12, 1881; entered upon duties December 19, 1881. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 2 Secretary of the Treasury William Windom, of Minnesota, continued from Garfield's administra- tion; Charles J. Folger : of New York, October 27, 1881; entered upon duties November 14, 1881 (died September 4, 1884); Charles E. Coon, of New York (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, September 4, 1884; Henry F. French, of Massachusetts (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, Septembers, 1884; Charles 18 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. E. Coon, of New York (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, September 15, 1884; Walter Q. Gresham, of Indiana, September 24, 1884; Henry F. French, of Massachusetts (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, October 29, 1884; Hugh McCulloch, of Indiana, October 28, 1884; entered upon duties October 31, 1884. Secretary of War Robert T. Lincoln, of Illi- nois, continued from Garfield's administration. Attorney General Wayne MacVeagh, of Penn- sylvania, continued from Garfield's administra- tion- Samuel F. Phillips, of North Carolina (Solicitor General), ad interim, November 12, 1881; Benjamin H. Brewster, of Pennsylvania, December 19, 1881; entered upon duties January 3, 1882. Postmaster General Thomas L. James, of New York, continued from Garfield's administration; Thomas L. James, of New York, recommissioned October 27, 1881; Timothy 0. Howe, of Wisconsin, December 20, 1881; entered upon duties January 5, 1882 (died March 25, 1883); Frank Hatton, of Iowa (First Assistant Postmaster General), ad in- terim, March 26, 1883; Walter Q. Gresham, of Indi- ana, April 3, 1883; entered upon duties April 11, 1883; Frank Hatton, of Iowa (First Assistant Post- master General), ad interim, September 25, 1884; Frank Hatton, of Iowa, October 14, 1884. Secretary of the Navy. William H. Hunt, of Louisiana, continued from Garfield's administra- tion; William E. Chandler, of New Hampshire, April 12, 1882; entered upon duties April 17, 1882. Secretary of the Interior Samuel J. Kirkwood, of Iowa, continued from Garfield's administra- tion; Henry M. Teller, of Colorado, April 6, 1882; entered upon duties April 17, 1882. First Administration of GROVER CLEVELAND. MARCH 4, 1885, TO MARCH 3, 1889. President GROVER CLEVELAND, of New York. Vice President. THOMAS A. HENDRICKS, of Indi- ana. (Died November 25, 1885.) President of the Senate pro tempore JOHN SHER- MAN, of Ohio; JOHN J. INGALLS, of Kansas. Secretary of State Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, of New Jersey; continued from last administration; Thomas F. Bayard, of Delaware, March 6, 1885. Secretary of the Treasury Hugh McCulloch, of Indiana; continued from last administration; Daniel Manning, of New York, March 6, 1885; entered upon duties March 8, 1885; Charles S. Fairchild, of New York, April 1, 1887. Secretary of War Robert T. Lincoln, of Illinois; continued from last administration; William C. Endicott, of Massachusetts, March 6, 1885. Attorney General Benjamin H. Brewster, of Pennsylvania, continued from last administra- tion; Augustus H. Garland, of Arkansas, March 6, 1885; entered upon duties March 9, 1885. Postmaster General Frank Hatton, of Iowa, continued from last administration; William F. Vilas, of Wisconsin, March 6, 1885; Don M. Dick- inson, of Michigan, January 16, 1888. Secretary of the Navy William E. Chandler, of New Hampshire, continued from last administra- tion; William C. Whitney, of New York, March 6, 1885. Secretary of the Interior Merritt L. Joslyn, of Illinois (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, March 4, 1885; Lucius Q. C. Lamar, of Mississippi, March 6, 1885; Henry L. Muldrow, of Mississippi (First As- sistant Secretary), ad interim, January 10, 1888; William F. Vilas, of Wisconsin, January 16, 1888. Secretary of Agriculture Norman J. Colman, of Missouri, February 13, 1889. Administration of BENJAMIN HARRISON. MARCH 4, 1889, TO MARCH 3, 1893. President BENJAMIN HARRISON, of Indiana. Vice President LEVI P. MORTON, of New York. Secretary of State Thomas F. Bayard, of Dela- ware, continued from last administration ; James G. Elaine, of Maine, March 5, 1889; entered upon duties March 7, 1889; William F. Wharton, of Massachusetts (Assistant Secretary) 2 ad interim, June 4, 1892; John W. Foster, of Indiana, June 29, 1892; William F. Wharton, of Massachusetts (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, February 23, 1893. Secretary of the Treasury Charles S. Fairchild, of New York, continued from last administration; William Windom 2 of Minnesota, March 5, 1889; entered upon duties March 7, 1889; (died January 29, 1891); Allured B. Nettle ton, of Minnesota (As- sistant Secretary), ad interim, January 30, 1891; Charles Foster, of Ohio, February 24, 1891. Secretary of War William C. Endicottj of Mas- sachusetts, continued from last administration ; Redfield Proctor, of Vermont, March 5, 1889; Lewis A. Grant, of Minnesota (Assistant Secre- tary), ad interim, December 6, 1891; Stephen B. Elkins, of West Virginia, December 22, 1891; entered upon duties December 24, 1891. Attorney General Augustus H. Garland, of Ar- kansas, continued from last administration; Wil- liam H. H. Miller, of Indiana, March 5, 1889. Postmaster General Don M. Dickinson, of Mich- igan, continued from last administration; John Wanamaker, of Pennsylvania, March 5, 1889. Secretary of the Navy William C. Whitney, of New York, continued from last administration; Benjamin F. Tracy, of New York, March 5, 1889. Secretary of the Interior William F. Vilas, of Wisconsin, continued from last administration; John W. Noble, of Missouri, March 5, 1889; entered upon duties March 7, 1889. Secretary of Agriculture Norman J. Colman, of Missouri, continued from last administration; Jeremiah M. Rusk, of Wisconsin, March 5, 1889; entered upon duties March 7, 1889. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789-1911. Second Administration of GROVER CLEVELAND. 19 MARCH 4, 1893, TO MARCH 3, 1897. President GROVER CLEVELAND, of New York. Vice President ADLAI E. STEVENSON, of Illinois. Secretary of State William F. Wharton, _ of Massachusetts (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, continued from last administration; Walter Q. Gresham, of Illinois, March 6, 1893 (died May 28, 1895); Edwin F. Uhl, of Michigan (Assistant Secre- tary! ad interim, May 28, 1895; Alvey A. Adee, of the District of Columbia (Second Assistant Secre- tary), ad interim, May 31, 1895; Edwin F. Uhl, of Michigan (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, June 1, 1895; Richard Olney, of Massachusetts, June 8, 1895; entered upon duties June 10, 1895. Secretary of the Treasury Charles Foster, of Ohio, continued from last administration; John G. Carlisle, of Kentucky, March 6, 1893. Secretary of War Stephen B. Elkins, of West Virginia, continued from last administration; Daniel S. Lament, of New York, March 6, 1893. Attorney General William H. H. Miller, of Indiana, continued from last administration; Richard Olney, of Massachusetts, March 6, 1893; Judson Harmon, of Ohio, June 8, 1895; entered upon duties June 11, 1895. Postmaster General John Wanamaker, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration; Wilson S. Bissell, of New York, March 6, 1893; William L. Wilson, of West Virginia, March 1, 1895', entered upon duties April 4, 1895. Secretary of the Navy Benjamin F. Tracy, of New York, continued from last administration; Hilary A. Herbert, of Alabama, March 6, 1893. Secretary of the Interior John W. Noble, of Missouri, continued from last administration; Hoke Smith, of Georgia, March 6, 1893; John M. Reynolds, of Pennsylvania (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, September 1, 1896; David R. Francis, of Missouri, September 1, 1896; entered upon duties September 4, 1896. Secretary of Agriculture Jeremiah M. Rusk, of Wisconsin, continued from last administration; Julius Sterling Morton, of Nebraska, March 6, 1893, First Administration of WILLIAM McKINLEY. MAECH 4, 1897, TO MARCH 3, 1901. President WILLIAM McKiNLEY, of Ohio. Vice President GARRET A. HOBART, of New Jersey. (Died November 21, 1899.) President of the Senate pro tempore WILLIAM P. FRYE, of Maine. Secretary of State Richard Olney, of Massachu- setts, continued from last administration; John Sherman, of Ohio, March 5, 1897; William R. Day, of Ohio, April 26, 1898; entered upon duties April 28, 1898; Alvey A. Adee (Second Assistant Secretary), ad interim, September 17, 1898; John Hay, of the District of Columbia, September 20, 1898; entered upon duties September 30, 1898. Secretary of the Treasury John G. Carlisle, of Kentucky, continued from last administration; Lyman J. Gage, of Illinois, March 5, 1897. Secretary of War Daniel S. Lamont, of New York, continued from last administration; Russell A. Alger, of Michigan, March 5, 1897; Elihu Root, of New York, August 1, 1899. Attorney General Judson Harmon, of Ohio, continued from last administration; Joseph McKenna, of California, March 5, 1897; entered upon duties March 7, 1897; John K. Richards, of Ohio (Solicitor General), ad interim, January 25, 1898; John W. Griggs, of New Jersey, January 25, 1898; entered upon duties February 1, 1898. Postmaster General William L. Wilson, of West Virginia, continued from last administration; James A. Gary, of Maryland, March 5, 1897; Charles Emory Smith, of Pennsylvania, April 21, 1898. Secretary of the Navy Hilary A. Herbert, of Alabama, continued from last administration; John D. Long, of Massachusetts, March 5, 1897. Secretary of the Interior David R. Francis, of Missouri, continued from last administration; Cornelius N. Bliss, of New York, March 5, 1897; Ethan A. Hitchcock, of Missouri, December 21, 1898; entered upon duties February 20, 1899. Secretary of Agriculture Julius Sterling Morton, of Nebraska, continued from last administration; James Wilson, of Iowa, March 5, 1897. Second Administration of WILLIAM M'KINLEY. MARCH 4, 1901, TO SEPTEMBER 14, 1901. President WILLIAM McKiNLEY, of Ohio. (Died September 14, 1901.) Vice President THEODORE ROOSEVELT, of New York. Secretary of State John Hay, of the District of Columbia, continued from last administration. John Hay, of the District of Columbia; recom- missioned March 5, 1901. Secretary of the Treasury Lyman J. Gage, of Illinois, continued from last administration. Lyman J. Gage, of Illinois; recommissioned March 5, 1901. Secretary of War Elihu Root, of New York, continued from last administration. Elihu Root, of New York; recommissioned March 5, 1901. Attorney General John W. Griggs, of New Jer- sey, continued from last administration. John W. Griggs, of New Jersey; recommissioned March 5, 1901. John K. Richards, of Ohio (Solicitor General), ad interim, April 1, 1901. Philander C. Knox, of Pennsylvania, April 5, 1901; entered upon duties April 9, 1901. Postmaster General Charles Emory Smith, of Pennsylvania, continued from last administra- 20 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tion. Charles Emory Smith, of Pennsylvania; recommissioned March 5, 1901. Secretary of the Navy John D. Long, of Massa- chusetts, continued from last administration. John D. Long, of Massachusetts; recommissioned March 5, 1901. Secretary of the Interior Ethan A. Hitchcock, of Missouri, continued from last administration. Ethan A. Hitchcock, of Missouri; recommissioned March 5, 1901. Secretary of Agriculture James Wilson, of Iowa, continued from last administration. James Wil- son, of Iowa; recommissioned March 5, 1901. First Administration of THEODORE ROOSEVELT. SEPTEMBER 14, 1901, TO MARCH 3, 1905. President THEODORE ROOSEVELT, of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore WILLIAM P. FRYE, of Maine. Secretary of State John Hay, of the District of Columbia; continued from McKinley's adminis- tration. Secretary of the Treasury. Lyman J. Gage, of Illinois, continued from McKinley's administra- tion. Leslie M. Shaw, of Iowa, January 9, 1902; entered upon duties February 1, 1902. Secretary of War Elihu Root, of New York, continued from McKinley's administration. Wil- liam H. Taft, of Ohio, January 11, 1904, to take effect February 1, 1904. Attorney General Philander C. Knox, of Penn- sylvania, continued from McKinley's administra- tion ; recommissioned December 16, 1901 . William H. Moody, of Massachusetts, July 1, 1904. Postmaster General Charles Emory Smith, of Pennsylvania; continued from McKinley's admin- istration. Henry C. Payne, of Wisconsin, January 9, 1902; Robert J. Wynne, of Pennsylvania, October 10, 1904. Secretary of the Navy. John D. Long, of Massa- chusetts, continued from McKinley's administra- tion. William H. Moody, of Massachusetts, April 29, 1902; entered upon duties May 1, 1902. Paul Morton, of Illinois, July 1, 1904. Secretary of the Interior Ethan A. Hitchcock, of Missouri, continued from McKinley's adminis- tration. Secretary of Agriculture James Wilson, of Iowa, continued from McKinley's administration. Secretary of Commerce and Labor George B. Cortelyou, of New York, February 16, 1903. Vic- tor H. Metcalf, of California, July 1, 1904. Second Administration of THEODORE ROOSEVELT. MARCH 4, 1905, TO MARCH 3, 1909. President THEODORE ROOSEVELT, of New York. Vice President CHARLES WARREN FAIRBANKS, of Indiana. President of the Senate pro tempore WILLIAM P. FRYE, of Maine. Secretary of State John Hay, of the District of Columbia, continued from last administration. John Hay, of the District of Columbia; recom- missioned March 6, 1905. Died July 1, 1905. Francis B. Loomis, of Ohio (Assistant Secretary) ad interim July 1, 1905, to July 18, 1905. Elihu Root, of New York, July 7, 1905, entered upon duties July 19, 1905. Robert Bacon, of New York, January 27, 1909; entered upon duties January 27, 1909. Secretary of the Treasury Leslie M. Shaw, of Iowa, continued from last administration. Leslie M. Shaw, of Iowa; recommissioned March 6, 1905. George B. Cortelyou, of New York, January 15, 1907, to take effect March 4, 1907. Secretary of Far William H. Taft, of Ohio, continued from last administration. William H. Taft, of Ohio; recommissioned March 6, 1905. Luke E. Wright, of Tennessee, June 29, 1908. Attorney General William H. Moody, of Massa- chusetts, continued from last administration. William H. Moody, of Massachusetts; recom- missioned March 6, 1905. Charles J. Bonaparte, of Maryland, December 12, 1906. Postmaster General Robert J. Wynne, of Penn- sylvania, continued from last administration. George B. Cortelyou, of New York, March 6, 1905. George von L. Meyer, of Massachusetts, January 15, 1907, to take effect March 4, 1907. Secretary of the Navy Paul Morton, of Illinois, continued from last administration. Paul Morton, of Illinois, recommissioned March 6, 1905. Charles J. Bonaparte, of Maryland, July 1, 1905. Victor H. Metcalf, of California, December 12, 1906; Truman H. Newberry, of Michigan, December 1, 1908. Secretary of the Interior Ethan A. Hitchcock, of Missouri, continued from last administration. Ethan A. Hitchcock, of Missouri, recommissioned March 6, 1905. James R. Garfield, of Ohio, Janu- ary 15, 1907, to take effect March 4, 1907. Secretary of Agriculture James Wilson, of Iowa, continued from last administration. James Wil- son, of Iowa, recommissioned March 6, 1905. Secretary of Commerce and Labor Victor H. Met- calf, of California, continued from last administra- tion. Victor H. Metcalf, of California; recommis- sioned March 6, 1905. Oscar S. Straus, of New York, December 12, 1906; entered upon duties December 17, 1905. EXECUTIVE OFFICEKS, 1789-1911. 21 Administration of WILLIAM H. TAFT. MARCH 4, 1909, TO MABCH 4, 1913. President WILLIAM H. TAFT, of Ohio. Vice President JAMES S. SHERMAN, of New York. (Died October 30, 1912.) President of the Senate pro tempore WILLIAM P. FRYE, of Maine. Resigned April 27, 1911. Jacob H. Gallinger, of New Hampshire, and Augustus O. Bacon, of Georgia, alternating. Secretary of State Robert Bacon, of New York, continued from last administration. Philander C. Knox, of Pennsylvania, March 5, 1909. Secretary of the Treasury George B. Cortelyou, of New York, continued from last administration. Franklin MacVeagh, of Illinois, March 5, 1909. Secretary of War Luke E. Wright, of Tennessee, continued from last administration. Jacob McG. Dickinson, of Tennessee, March 5, 1909. Henry L. Stimson, of New York, May 16, 1911. Attorney General Charles J. Bonaparte, of Mary- land, continued from last administration. George W. Wickersham, of New York, March 5, 1909. Postmaster General. George von L. Meyer; of Massachusetts, continued from last administration. Frank H. Hitchcock, of Massachusetts, March 5, 1909. Secretary of the Navy Truman H. Newberry, of Michigan, continued from last administration. George von L. Meyer, of Massachusetts, March 5, 1909. Secretary^ of the Interior James R. Garfield, of Ohio, continued from last administration. Richard A. Ballinger, of Washington, March 5, 1909; Walter Lowrie Fisher, of Illinois, March 7, 1911. Secretary of Agriculture-^JameB Wilson, of Iowa, continued from last administration. James Wil- son, of Iowa, recommissioned March 5, 1909. Secretary of Commerce and Labor Oscar S. Straus, of New York, continued from last admin- istration. Charles Nagel, of Missouri, March 5, 1909. THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES. I-LXII. 23 THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. PLACE AND TIME OF SESSIONS. Philadelphia, Pa from September 5, 1774, to October 26, 1774 Philadelphia, Pa from May 10, 1775, to December 12, 1776 Baltimore, Md from December 20, 1776, to March 4, 1777 Philadelphia, Pa from March 4, 1777, to September 18, 1777 Lancaster, Pa from September 27, 1777, to September 27, 1777 York, Pa from September 30, 1777, to June 27, 1778 Philadelphia, Pa from July 2, 1778, to June 21, 1783 Princeton, N. J from June 30, 1783, to November 4, 1783 Annapolis, Md from November 26, 1783, to June 3, 1784 Trenton, N. J from November 1, 1784, to December 24, 1784 New York City from January 11, 1785, to November 4, 1785 New York City from November 7, 1785, to November 3, 1786 New York City from November 6, 1786, to October 30, 1787 New York City from November 5, 1787, to October 21, 1788 PRESIDENTS OF THE CONGRESS. Peyton Randolph, of Virginia elected September 5, 1774 Henry Middleton, of South Carolina elected October 22, 1774 Peyton Pvandolph, 1 of Virginia elected May 10, 1775 John Hancock, of Massachusetts elected May 24. 1775 Henry Laurens, of South Carolina elected November 1, 1777 John Jay, of New York elected December 10, 1778 Samuel Huntington, of Connecticut elected September 28, 1779 Thomas McKean, of Delaware elected July 10, 1781 John Hanson, of Maryland elected November 5, 1781 Elias Boudinpt, of New Jersey elected November 4, 1782 Thomas Mifflin, of Pennsylvania elected November 3, 1783 Richard Henry Lee, of Virginia elected November 30, 1784 John Hancock, 2 of Massachusetts elected November 23, 1785 Nathaniel Gorham, of Massachusetts elected June 6, 1786 Arthur St. Glair, of Pennsylvania .elected February 2, 1787 Cyrus Griffin, of Virginia elected January 22, 1788 SECRETARY OF THE CONGRESS. Charles Thomson, of Pennsylvania elected September 5, 1774 DELEGATES IN THE CONGRESS. Andrew Adams 1777-1780 Andrew Adams 1781-1782 Josiah P. Cook 1784-1788 Silas Deane 1774-1776 Eliphalet Dyer 1774-1779 Eliphalet Dyer 1780-1783 Pierrepont Edwards. . .1787-1788 Oliver Ellsworth 1777-1784 William Hillhouse 1783-1786 Titus Hosmer 1775-1776 Titus Hosmer 1777-1779 Benjamin Huntington . 1780-1784 Died October 22, 1775. CONNECTICUT. Benjamin Huntington . 1787-1788 Samuel Huntington. . .1776-1784 William S. Johnson. . . 1784-1787 Richard Law 1778-1778 Richard Law 1783-1784 Stephen M. Mitchell. . .1781-1784 Stephen M. Mitchell.. .1785-1786 Stephen M. Mitchell. . .1787-1788 Jesse Root 1778-1783 Roger Sherman 1774-1784 Joseph Spencer 1778-1779 Jedediah Strong 1782-1784 'Resigned May 29, 1786, never having served, owing to continued illness. Jonathan Sturges 1774-1787 John Treadwell 1785-1786 Joseph Trumbull 1774-1775 James Wadsworth 1783-1784 James Wadsworth 1785-1786 Jeremiah Wadsworth. .1787-1788 William Williams 1776-1778 William Williams 1783-1784 Oliver Wolcott 1775-1778 Oliver Wolcott. . . . 1780-1784 25 26 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Gunning Bedford 1783-1785 Gunning Bedford, jr... 1785-1786 John Dickinson 1776-1777 John Dickinson 1779-1780 Philemon Dickinson. . .1782-1783 John Evans 1776-1777 Dyre Kearney 1786-1788 Eleazer McComb . . . . 1782-1784 DELAWARE. Nathaniel Mitchell . . . 1786-1788 Thomas McKean 1774-1776 Thomas McKean 1778-1783 John Patton 1785-1786 William Peevy 1785-1786 George Read 1774-1777 Casar Rodney 1774-1776 Caesar Rodney 1777-1778 Caesar Rodney 1782-1784 Thomas Rodney 1781-1783 Thomas Rodney 1785-1787 James Sykes 1777-1778 James Tilton 1783-1785 Nicholas Van Dyke.... 1777-1782 John Vining 1784-1786 Samuel Wharton . . . . 1782-1783 Abraham Baldwin 1785-1788 Nathan Brownson 1776-1778 Archibald Bullock 1775-1776 Joseph Clay 1778-1780 William Few 1780-1782 William Few 1785-1788 William Gibbons 1784-1786 Button Gwinnett 1776-1777 GEORGIA. John Habersham 1785-1786 Lyman Hall 1775-1779 John Houstoun 1775-1777 William Houstoun 1784-1787 Richard Howley 1780-1781 Noble Wimberly Jones. 1775-1776 Noble Wimberly Jones. 1781-1783 Edward Langworthy. .1777-1779 William Pierce 1786-1787 Edward Telfair 1777-1779 Edward Telfair 1780-1783 George Walton 1776-1779 George Walton 1780-1781 Joseph Wood 1777-1779 John J. Zubly 1775-1776 Robert Alexander 1775-1777 William Carmichael. . .1778-1780 Charles Carroll 1776-1778 Daniel Carroll 1780-1784 Jeremiah T. Chase 1783-1784 Samuel Chase 1774-1778 Samuel Chase 1784-1785 Benjamin Contee 1787-1788 James Forbes > 1778-1780 Uriah Forrest 1786-1787 Robert Goldsborough. . 1774-1775 John Hall 1775-1776 John Hall 1783-1784 John Hanson . . . . 1780-1783 MARYLAND. William Harrison 1785-1787* William Hemslay 1782-1784 John Henry 1778-1781 John Henry 1784-1787 William Hmdman 1784-1787 John E. Howard 1787-1788 D. Jenifer of St.Thomas 1778-1782 Thomas Johnson 1774-1777 Thomas Sim Lee 1783-1784 Edward Lloyd 1783-1784 Luther Martin 1784-1785 James McHenry 1783-1786 William Paca 1774-1779 George Plater 1778-1781 Richard Potts 1781-1782 Nathaniel Ramsay 1785-1787 Richard Ridgely 1785-1786 John Rogers 1775-1776 David Ross 1786-1787 Benjamin Rumsey 1776-1778 Gustavus Scott 1784-1785 Joshua Seney 1787-1788 William Smith 1777-1778 Thomas Stone 1775-1779 Thomas Stone 1784-1785 Matthew Tilghman 1774-1777 Turbett Wright 1781-1782 John Adams 1774-1778 Samuel Adams 1774-1782 Thomas Gushing 1774-1776 Francis Dana 1776-1778 Francis Dana 1784-1784 Nathan Dane 1785-1788 Elbridge Gerry 1776-1781 Elbridge Gerry 1782-1785 Nathaniel Gorham 1782-1783 Nathaniel Gorham 1785-1787 MASSACHUSETTS. John Hancock 1 775-1780 John Hancock 1785-1786 Stephen Higginson 1782-1783 Samuel Holton 1778-1780 Samuel Holton 1782-1783 Samuel Holton 1784-1785 Samuel Holton 1786-1787 Jonathan Jackson 1782-1782 Rufus King 1784-1787 James Lovell 1776-1782 John Lowell 1782-1783 Samuel Osgood 1780-1784 Samuel A. Otis 1787-1788 Robert Treat Paine. . . 1774-1778 George Partridge 1779-1782 George Partridge 1783-1785 Theodore Sedgwick.. . .1785-1788 James Sullivan 1782-1782 George Thacher 1787-1787 Artemaa Ward . . . . 1780-1781 Josiah Bartlett 1775-1779 Jonathan Blanchard. . .1783-1784 Nathaniel Folsom 1774-1775 Nathaniel Folsom 1777-1778 Nathaniel Folsom 1779-1780 Abiel Foster 1783-1785 George Frost 1777-1779 John Taylor Gilman. . .1782-1783 NEW HAMPSHIRE. Nicholas Gilman 1786-1788 John Langdon 1775-1777 John Langdon 1786-1787 Woodbury Langdon.... 1779-1780 Samuel Livermore 1780-1783 Samuel Livermore 1785-1786 Pierce Long 1784-1786 Nathaniel Peabody. . . . 1779-1780 i Died March 25, 1780. John Sullivan 1774-1775 John Sullivan 1780-1781 Matthew Thornton 1776-1778 John Wentworth, jr.. . .1778-1779 William Whipple 1776-1779 Phillips White 1782-1783 Paine Wingate 1787-1788 THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. 27 John Beatty 1783-1785 Elias Boudmot 1777-1778 Eliaa Boudinot 1781-1784 William Burnett 1780-1781 Lambert Cad wallader.. 1784-1787 Abraham Clark 1776-1782 Abraham Clark 1787-1788 Silas Condit 1781-1784 John Cooper 1776-1776 Stephen Crane 1774-1776 Elias Dayton 1787-1788 Samuel Dick . . . . 1783-1784 NEW JERSEY. Jonathan Elmer 1776-1778 Jonathan Elmer 1781-1784 Jonathan Elmer 1787-1788 John Fell 1778-1780 Fred'k Frelinghuysen . 1778-1779 Fred'k Frelinghuysen. 1782-1783 Thomas Henderson 1779-1780 John Hart 1774-1776 Francis Hopkinson 1776-1777 Josiah Hornblower 1785-1786 William C. Houston ... 1779-1782 William C. Houston. . .1784-1785 James Kinsey 1774-1775 William Livingston. . .1774-1776 John Neilson 1778-1779 James Scheurman 1786-1787 Nathaniel Scudder 1777-1779 Jonathan D. Sergeant.. 1776-1777 Richard Smith 1774-1776 John Stevens 1784-1784 Archibald Stewart 1784-1785 Richard Stockton 1776-1777 John C. Symmes 1785-1786 John Witherspoon 1776-1783 John Alsop 1774-1776 Egbert Benson 1784-1785 Egbert Benson 1786-1788 Simon Boerum 1774-1777 George Clinton 1775-1777 Charles DeWitt 1783-1785 James Duane 1774-1784 William Duer 1777-1778 William Floyd 1774-1777 William Floyd 1778-1783 Leonard Gansevoort. . . . 1787-1788 Alexander Hamilton. . . 1782-1783 Alexander Hamilton.. .1787-1788 John Haring 1774-1775 NEW YORK. John Haring 1785-1788 John Jay 1774-1777 John Jay 1778-1779 John Lansing 1784-1788 John Laurance 1785-1786 Francis Lewis 1774-1779 Philip Livingston 1774-1778 Robert R. Livingston.. 1775-1777 Robert R. Livingston . . 1779-1781 Walter Livingston. . . . 1784-1785 Isaac Low 1774-1775 Ezra L'Hommedieu. ..1779-1783 Ezra L'Hommedieu. . .1787-1788 Gouverneur Morris 1777-1780 Lewis Morris 1775-1777 Alexander McDougall . 1781-1782 Alexander McDougall. 1784-1785 Ephraim Paine 1784-1785 Zephaniah Platt 1784-1786 Philip Schuyler 1775-1777 Philip Schuyler 1778-1781 John Morin Scott 1780-1783 Melancthon Smith 1785-1788 Henry Wisner 1774-1776 Abraham Yates, jr 1787-1788 Peter W. Yates 1785-1787 John B. Ashe 1787-1788 Timothy Bloodworth . . 1786-1787 William Blount 1782-1783 William Blount 1786-1787 Thomas Burke 1777-1781 Robert Burton 1787-1788 Richard Caswell 1774-1776 William Gumming 1784-1784 Cornelius Harnett 1777-1780 Benjamin Hawkins 1781-1784 NORTH CAROLINA. Benjamin Hawkins 1786-1787 Joseph Hewes 1774-1777 Joseph Hewes l 1779-1779 Whitmil Hill 1778-1781 William Hooper 1774-1777 Samuel Johnston 1780-1782 Allen Jones 1779-1780 Willie Jones 1780-1781 Abner Nash 1782-1784 Abner Nash 2 1785-1786 John Penn 1775-1776 John Penn 1777-1780 John Sitgreaves 1784-1785 William Sharpe 1779-1782 Richard D. Spaight.... 1783-1 785 John Swan 1787-1788 John Williams 1778-1779 Hugh Williamson 1782-1785 Hugh Williamson 1787-1788 Alexander White 1786-1788 Andrew Allen 1775-1776 John Armstrong 1778-1780 John Armstrong 1787-1788 Samuel Atlee 1778-1782 John Bayard 1785-1787 Edward Biddle 1774-1776 Edward Biddle 1778-1779 William Bingham 1787-1788 Matthew Clarkson 1785-1786 William Clingan 1777-1779 George Clymer 1776-1778 George Clymer 1780-1783 Tench Coxe 1787-1788 John Dickinson 1774-1776 Thomas Fitzsimmons. .1782-1783 Benjamin Franklin 1775-1776 Joseph Galloway 1774-1775 Joseph Gardner 1784-1785 PENNSYLVANIA. Edward Hand 1784-1785 William Henry 1784-1786 Charles Humphreys . . . 1774-1776 Jared Ingersoll 1780-1781 William Irvine 1786-1788 David Jackson 1785-1786 Timothy Matlack 1780-1781 James McClene 1779-1780 Samuel Meredith 1787-1788 Thomas Mifflin 1774-1776 Thomas Mifflin 1782-1784 Charles Morris 1783-1784 Robert Morris 1776-1778 Joseph Montgomery . . . 1780-1784 John Morton 1774-1777 Fred'k A. Muhlenberg. 1778-1780 Richard Peters 1782-1783 Charles Pettit 1785-1787 James Read 1787-1788 Joseph Reed 1777-1778 Samuel Rhodes 1774-1775 Daniel Roberdeau 1777-1779 George Ross 1774-1777 Benjamin Rush 1776-1777 James Searle 1778-1780 William Shippen 1778-1780 James Smith 1776-1778 Jonathan B. Smith 1777-1778 Thomas Smith 1780-1782 Arthur St. Clair 1785-1787 George Taylor 1776-1777 Thomas Willing 1775-1776 James Willson 1775-1778 James Willson 1782-1783 James Willson 1785-1787 Henry Wynkoop 1779-1783 ' Died November 10, 1779. 3 Died December 2, 1786. 28 Jonathan Arnold 1782-1784 Peleg Arnold 1787-1789 John Collins 1778-1783 Ezekiel Cornell 1780-1783 William Ellery 1776-1781 William Ellery 1783-1785 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. RHODE ISLAND. Jonathan J. Hazard.... 1787-1789 Stephen Hopkins 1774-1780 David Howell 1782-1785 James Manning 1785-1786 Henry Marchant 1777-1780 Henry Marchant 1783-1784 Nathan Miller 1785-1786 Daniel Mowry 1780-1782 James M. Varnum 1780-1782 James M. Varnum 1786-1787 Samuel Ward 1774-1776 Thomas Bee 1780-1782 Richard Beresford 1783-1785 John Bull 1784-1787 Pierce Butler 1787-1788 William H. Drayton '.. 1778-1779 Nicholas Eveleigh 1781-1782 Christopher Gadsden. .1774-1776 John L. Gervais 1782-1783 Thomas Heyward, jr... 1776-1778 Daniel Huger 1786-1788 Richard Hutson 1778-1779 SOUTH CAROLINA. Ralph Izard 1782-1783 John Kean 1785-1787 Francis Kinloch 1780-1781 Henry Laurens 1777-1780 Thomas Lynch 1774-1776 Thomas Lynch, jr 1776-1777 John Matthews 1778-1782 Arthur Middleton 1776-1778 Arthur Middleton 1781-1783 Henry Middleton 1774-1776 Isaac Motte 1780-1782- John Parker 1786-1788 Charles Pinckney 1777-1778 Charles Pinckney 1784-1787 David Ramsay 1782-1784 David Ramsay 1785-1786 Jacob Read 1783-1785 Edward Rutledge 1774-1777 John Rutledge 1774-1777 John Rutledge 1782-1783 Paul Trapier 1777-1778 Thomas T. Tucker 1787-1788 Thomas Adams 1778-1780 John Banister 1778-1779 Richard Bland 1774-1775 Theodoric Bland 1780-1783 Carter Braxton 1776-1776 John Brown 1787-1788 Edward Carrington 1785-1786 William Fitzhugh 1779-1780 William Fleming 1779-1781 William Grayson 1784-1787 Cyrus Griffin 1778-1781 Cyrus Griffin 1787-1788 Samuel Hardy 3 1783-1785 Benjamin Harrison 1774-1778 i Died September 3,1779. VIRGINIA. John Harvie 1777-1779 James Henry 1780-1781 Patrick Henry 1774-1776 Thomas Jefferson 1775-1776 Thomas Jefferson 1783-1785 Joseph Jones 1777-1778 Joseph Jones 1780-1783 Arthur Lee 1781-1784 Francis Lightfoot Lee.. 1775-1780 Henry Lee 1785-1788 Richard Henry Lee.... 1774-1780 Richard Henry Lee.... 1784-1787 James Madison, jr 1780-1783 James Madison, jr 1786-1788 a Died October 22, 1775. James Mercer 1779-1780 John F. Mercer 1782-1785 James Monroe 1783-1786 Thomas Nelson 1775-1777 Thomas Nelson 1779-1780 Mann Page 1777-1777 Edmund Pendleton. ..1774-1775 Edmund Randolph.... 1779-1782 Peyton Randolph 2 1774-1775 Merewether Smith 1778-1782 George Washington 1774-1775 George Wythe 1775-1777 Died October 17, 1785. REPRESENTATIVES UNDER EACH APPORTIONMENT. States. Constitutional appor- tionment. First Census, 1790. 8 00 a Third Census, 1810. Fourth Census, 1820. Fifth Census, 1830. Sixth Census, 1840. Seventh Census, 1850. Eighth Census, 1860. Ninth Census, 1870. Tenth Census, 1880. I 3 1 Twelfth Census, 1900. Thirteenth Census, 1910. Alabama 1 3 5 7 7 6 8 8 9 9 10 Arizona 1 Arkansas 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 California 2 2 3 4 6 7 8 11 Colorado 1 1 2 3 4 Connecticut 5 7 7 7 6 6 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 Delaware 1 1 1 2 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Florida 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 Georgia 3 2 4 6 7 9 8 8 7 9 10 11 11 12 Idaho 1 1 1 2 Illinois 1 1 3 7 9 14 19 20 22 25 27 Indiana J 3 7 10 11 11 13 13 13 13 13 Iowa 2 2 6 9 11 11 11 11 Kansas 1 3 7 8 8 8 Kentucky 2 6 10 12 13 10 10 9 10 11 11 11 11 Louisiana 1 3 3 4 4 5 6 6 6 7 8 Maine 7 7 8 7 6 5 5 4 4 4 4 Maryland 6 8 9 9 9 8 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 6 Massachusetts 8 14 17 13 13 12 10 11 10 11 12 13 14 16 Michigan 1 3 4 6 9 11 12 12 13 Minnesota 2 2 3 5 7 9 10 Mississippi 1 1 2 4 5 5 6 7 7 8 8 Missouri 1 2 5 7 9 13 14 15 16 16 Montana 1 1 1 2 Nebraska 1 1 3 6 6 6 Nevada New Hampshire 3 4 5 6 6 5 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 New Jersey 4 5 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 7 7 8 10 12 New Mexico 1 New York 6 10 17 27 34 40 34 33 31 33 34 34 37 43 North Carolina 5 10 12 13 13 13 9 8 7 8 9 9 10 10 North Dakota 1 1 2 3 Ohio 1 6 14 19 21 21 19 20 21 21 21 22 Oklahoma 5 8 Oregon. . 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 Pennsylvania 8 13 18 23 26 28 24 25 24 27 28 30 32 36 Rhode Island 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 South Carolina 5 6 8 9 9 9 7 6 4 5 7 7 7 7 South Dakota 2 2 2 3 Tennessee 1 3 6 9 13 11 10 8 10 10 10 10 10 Texas 2 2 4 6 11 13 16 18 Utah 1 1 2 Vermont 2 4 6 5 5 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 Virginia 10 19 22 23 22 21 15 13 11 9 10 10 10 10 Washington 1 2 3 5 West Virginia 3 4 4 5 6 Wisconsin 2 3 6 8 9 10 11 11 Wyoming... 1 1 1 1 Total 65 106 142 186 213 242 232 237 243 293 332 357 391 435 The following representation was added after the several census apportionments indicated and is included in the above table: First Tennessee, 1. Second Ohio, 1. Third Alabama, 1; Illinois, 1; Indiana, 1; Louisiana, 1; Maine, 7; Mississippi, 1. Fifth Arkansas, 1; Michigan, 1. Sixth California, 2; Florida,!; Iowa, 2; Texas, 2; Wis- consin, 2. Seventh Massachusetts, 1; Minnesota, 2; Oregon, 1. Eighth Illinois, 1; Iowa, 1; Kentucky, 1; Minnesota, 1; Nebraska, 1; Nevada, 1; Ohio, 1; Pennsylvania, 1; Rhode Island, 1; Vermont, 1. Ninth Alabama, 1; Colorado,!; Florida, 1; Indiana, 1; Louisiana, 1; New Hampshire, 1; New York, 1; Pennsyl- vania, 3; Tennessee, l; Vermont, 1. Tenth Idaho, 1; Montana, 1; North Dakota, 1; South Dakota, 2; Washington,!; Wyoming,!. Eleventh Utah, 1. Twelfth Oklahoma, 5. Thirteenth Alabama,!; Arizona,!; California, 3; Colo- rado, 1; Florida, 1; Georgia, 1; Idaho, 1; Illinois, 2; Louisi- ana, 1: Massachusetts^; Michigan,!; Minnesota,!; Montana, 1 ; New Jersey, 2; New Mexico, 1; New York, 6; North Dakota, 1; Ohio,!; Oklahoma, 3; Oregon,!; Pennsylvania, 4; Rhode Island,!; South Dakota,!; Texas, 2: Utah, 1; Washington. 2; West Virginia, 1. 29 FIRST CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1789, TO MARCH 3, 1791. FIRST SESSION March 4, 1 1789, to September 29, 1789. SECOND SESSION January 4, 1790, to August 12, 1790. THIRD SESSION December 6, 1790, to March 3, 1791. VICE-PRESIDENT John Adams, of Massachusetts. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE John Langdon, 2 of New Hampshire. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, 3 of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOTTSE Frederick A. Muhlenberg, of Pennsylvania. CLERK OF THE HOUSE John Beckley, of Virginia. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Oliver Ellsworth. 4 William S. Johnson. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Huntington. . Jonathan Trumbull. Roger Sherman. Jeremiah Wadsworth. Jonathan Sturges. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Richard Basse tt. George Read. REPRESENTATIVE . John Vining. GEORGIA. SENATORS. William Few. James Gunn. REPRESENTATIVES. Abraham Baldwin. George Matthews. James Jackson. MARYLAND. SENATORS. John Henry. Charles Carroll, of Carrollton. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Carroll. Joshua Seney. Benjamin Con tee. William Smith. George Gale. Michael Jenifer Stone. 1 Neither a quorum of the Senate nor of the House of Repre- 2 Elected April (>, 1789. sentatives appeared in their respective chambers on Wednes- 3 Elected April 8, 1789. day, March 4, 1789. But eight Senators appeared and the * On May 15, 1789, the Senate determined by lot the classes minority adjourned from day to day until Monday, April 6, into which the membership should be divided agreeably to when a quorum of the Senate was first present. Thirteen paragraph 2, section 3, of Article I of the Constitution, asfol- membersof the House of Representatives appeared on March 4 lows: Class 1. whose terms should expire March 3, 1791 and a quorum was not present until April 1, when the body Messrs. Carroll, Dalton, Ellsworth, Elmer, Maclay, Read, and proceeded to the transaction of business. When both Houses Grayson; class 2, whose terms should expire March 3, 1793 were organized, on April 6, they met in joint convention, in Messrs. Bassett, Butler, Few, Lee, Strong, Paterson, and the hall of the Senate, and proceeded to open and count the Wingate; class 3, whose terms should expire March 3, 1795^- electoral vote for President and Vice-President. John Adams. Messrs. Gunn, Henry, Johnson, Izard, Langdon, and Morris, the Vice-President-elect, appeared in the Senate Chamber and assumed the duties of the chair on Tuesday, April 21, 1789. 30 Tristram Dal ton. Fisher Ames. Elbridge Gerry. Benjamin Goodhue. Jonathan Grout. John Langdon. Abiel Foster. Nicholas Gilman. Jonathan Elmer. Elias Boudinot. Lambert Cadwalader. Rufus King. 5 Egbert Benson. William Floyd. John Hathorn. 7 Benjamin Hawkins. 10 John Baptist Ashe. 12 Timothy Bloodworth. 13 John Sevier. 14 William Maclay. George Clymer. Thomas Fitzsimons. Thomas Hartley. Daniel Heister. FIRST CONGRESS. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. 31 Caleb Strong. George Leonard. George Partridge. 1 Theodore Sedgwick. George Thacher. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. EEPRESENTATIVE8. NSW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. 4 NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NORTH CAROLINA. / SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. PENNSYLVANIA. Paine Wingate. Samuel Liver more. William Paterson. 2 Philemon Dickinson. 3 Thomas Sinnickson. James Schureman. Philip Schuyler. 6 John Laurance. Peter Silvester. 8 Jeremiah Van Rensselaer. Samuel Johnston. 11 John Steele. 15 Hugh Williamson. 16 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert Morris. Frederick A. Muhlenberg. John Peter G. Muhlenberg. Thomas Scott. Henry Wynkoop. 1 Resigned August 14, 1790. 2 Resigned March 2, 1790, having been elected governor. 3 Elected to fill vacancy in term ending March 3, 1793, caused by resignation of William Paterson, and took his seat Decem- ber (i, 1790. 4 The election of all four representatives was contested, but owing to the burning of the papers and documents from the First to the Sixth Congress, by the British in 1814, it is not possible to ascertain the grounds upon which the contest was based. It is known that it related to questions of regu- larity and procedure, and that the decision was favorable to the sitting Members. 5 Took his seat July 25, 1789; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1795. Took his seat July 27, 1789; term to expire as determined by lot, March 3, 1791. 7 Took his seat April 23, 1789. 8 Took his seat April 22, 1789. 9 Took his seat May 9, 1789. "> Took his seat January 13, 1790; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1795. 1 Took his seat January 29, 1790; term to expire, as deter- m ned by lot, March 3, 1793. 2 Took his seat March 24, 1790. 3 Took his seat April C, 1790. * Took his seat June 16, 1790. 5 Took his seat April 19, 1790. 6 Took his seat March 19, 1790. 32 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Theodore Foster. 1 Pierce Butler. ^Edanus Burke. Daniel Huger. William Smith. 4 William Gray son. 5 John Walker. 6 James Monroe. 7 Theodoric Bland. 8 William B. Giles.' John Brown. Isaac Coles. Richard Bland Lee. James Madison, jr. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE . Benjamin Bourn. 3 SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. Joseph Stanton, jr. 2 Ralph Izard. Thomas Sumter. Thomas Tudor Tucker. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Henry Lee. Andrew Moore. John Page. Josiah Parker. Alexander White. Samuel Griffin. 1 Took his seat June 25, 1790; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1791. Took his seat June 25, 1790; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1793. Took his seat December 17, 1790. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by David Ramsay. ' Died March 12, 1790. Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of William Grayson, and took his seat April 26, 1790. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Gray- son, and took his seat December 6, 1790. s Died June 1,1790. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Theodoric Bland, and took his seat December 7, 1790. SECOND CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1791, TO MARCH 3, 1793. FIRST SESSION October 24, 1791, to May 8, 1792. SECOND SESSION November 5, 1792, to March 2, 1793. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1791, for one day only. VICE PRESIDENT John Adams, of Massachusetts. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Richard Henry Lee, 1 of Virginia; John Langdon, 2 of New Hampshire. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Jonathan Trumbull, 3 of Connecticut. CLERK OF THE HOUSE John Beckley, of Virginia. Oliver Ellsworth. James Hillhouse. Amasa Learned. Jonathan Sturges. Richard Bassett. William Few: Abraham Baldwin. Francis Willis. John Edwards. 9 Alexander D. Orr. 11 CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. John fining. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. KENTUCKY. 8 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William S. Johnson. 4 Roger Sherman. 6 Jonathan Trumbull. Jeremiah Wadsworth. George Read. James Gunn. Anthony Wayne. John Milledge. 7 John Brown. 10 Christopher Greenup. 12 i Elected April 18, 1792. a Elected November 5, 1792, and March 1, 1793. Elected October 24. 1791 . Resigned March 4, 1791 . 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William S. Johnson, and took his seat October 24, 1791. 8 Served until March 21, 1792; election contested by James Jackson, and, by separate resolutions, it was determined that neither was entitled to the seat. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 3 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by declaring the seat of Anthony Wayne vacant, and took his seat November 22, 1792. 8 Admitted as a State into the Union June 1, 1792. Took his seat November 5, 1792; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1795. 10 Took his seat November 5, 1792; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1793. 11 Took his seat November's, 1792. * Took his seat November 9, 1792. 33 34 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Henry. Philip B. Key. William Pinkney. 3 John Francis Mercer. 4 William Vans Murray. Caleb Strong. Fisher Ames. Shearjashub Bourne. Elbridge Gerry. Benjamin Goodhue. John Langdon. Nicholas Gilman. Samuel Livermore. Philemon Dickinson. Elias Boudinot. Abraham Clark. Rufus King. Egbert Benson. James Gordon . John Laurance. James Townsend. 7 Benjamin Hawkins. John Baptist Ashe. William Barry Grove. Nathaniel Macon. Robert Morris. William Findley. Thomas Fitzsimons. Andrew Gregg. Thomas Hartley. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Carroll, of Carrollton. 1 Richard Potts. 2 Joshua Seney. 5 William Hindman. 6 Upton Sheridine. Samuel Sterrett. George Cabot. Theodore Sedgwick. George Thacher. Artemas Ward. Paine Wingate. Jeremiah Smith. John Rutherford. Jonathan Dayton. Aaron Kitchell. Aaron Burr. Cornelius C. Schoonmaker. Peter Silvester. Thomas Tredwell. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Johnston. John Steel e. Hugh Williamson. Vacant. 8 Daniel Heister. Israel Jacobs. John W. Kittera. Frederick A. Muhlenberg. ' Resigned November 30, 1792. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, and took his seat February 4, 1793. 3 Resigned in November, 1791, the question of ineligibility owing to his residence being raised. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Pinkney, and took his seat February C, 1792. 5 Resigned May 1, 1792. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joshua Seney, and took his seat January 30, 1793. i Died in May, 1791. 8 Credentials of Albert Gallatin were filed February 28, 1793, and were ordered to lie on the files; no action was taken upon them during the Congress. Theodore Foster. Pierce Butler. Robert Barnwell. Daniel Huger. William Smith. Moses Robinson. 2 Nathaniel Niles. 4 Richard Henry Lee. 5 John Taylor. 6 John Brown. William B. Giles. Samuel Griffin. Richard Bland Lee. James Madison. SECOND CONGRESS. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Benjamin Bourn. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. 1 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. 35 Joseph Stanton, jr. Ralph Izard. Thomas Sumter. Thomas Tudor Tucker. Stephen R. Bradley. 3 Israel Smith. 4 James Monroe. Andrew Moore. John Page. Josiah Parker. Abraham B. Venable. Alexander White. 1 Admitted as a State into the Union March 4, 1791. " Took his seat October 31, 1791; term to expire, as deter- minedbj ; Fm P ' Took his seat October 31, 1791. 5 Resigned October 8, 1792. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Richard Henry Lee, and took his seat December 12, 1792. THIRD CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1793, TO MARCH 3, 1795. FIRST SESSION December 2, 1793, to June 9, 1794. SECOND SESSION NoYember 3, 1794, to March 3, 1795. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1793, for one day only. VICE PRESIDENT John Adams, of Massachusetts. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Ralph Izard,' of South Carolina; Henry Tazewell, 2 of Virginia. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Frederick A. Muhlenberg, of Pennsylvania. CLERK OF THE HOUSE John Beckley, of Virginia. Oliver Ellsworth. Joshua Coit. James Hillhouse. Amasa Learned. Zephaniah Swift. George Read. 5 Henry Latimer. 6 John Patton. 7 Jamea Gunn. Abraham Baldwin. John Edwards. Christopher Greenup. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Roger Sherman. 3 Stephen Mix Mitchell. 4 Uriah Tracy. Jonathan Trumbull. Jeremiah Wadsworth. John Vining. Henry Latimer. 8 James Jackson. Thomas P. Carnes. John Brown. Alexander D. Orr. 1 Elected May 31, 1794. Samuel Livermore was elected February 20, 1795, but declined. Elected February 20, 1795. Died July 23, 1793. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Roger Sherman, and took his seat December 2, 1793. & Resigned September 18, 1793. Elected to nil vacancy caused by resignation of George Read, and took his seat February 2~8, 1795. Kensey Johns was appointed to fill the vacancy thus caused, March 19, 1794. 36 His credentials were presented March 24, 1794, but he was not permitted to qualify; March 28, 1794, the Senate declared he was not entitled to the seat; vacancy in this class from September 18, 1793, to February 7, 1795. i Served until February 14, 1794; succeeded by Henry Latimer, who contested hfe election. 8 Successfully contested the election of John Patton, and took his seat February 14, 1794. Resigned February 7, 1795, having been elected Senator. THIBD CONGRESS. 37 John Henry. Gabriel Christie. George Dent. John F. Mercer. l Gabriel Duvall. 2 William Vans Murray. Caleb Strong. Fisher Ames. Shearjashub Bourne. David Cobb. Peleg Coffin, jr. Henry Dearborn. Samuel Dexter, jr. Dwight Foster. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Potts. Uriah Forrest. 3 Benjamin Edwards. 4 William Hindman. Samuel Smith. Thomas Sprigg. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George Cabot. Benjamin Goodhue. Samuel Hoi ten. William Lyman. Theodore Sedgwick. George Thacher. Peleg Wadsworth. Artemas Ward. NEW HAMPSHIRE. John Langdon. Nicholas Gilman. John S. Sherburne. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. Samuel Livermore. Jeremiah Smith. Paine Wingate. John Rutherford. John Beatty. Elias Boudmot. Lambert Cadwallader. Aaron Burr. Theodorus Bailey. Peter Van Gaasbeck. Ezekiel Gilbert. James Gordon. Henry Glenn. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Frederick Frelinghuysen. Abraham Clark. 5 Aaron Kitchell. 6 Jonathan Dayton. Rufus King. Silas Talbot. Thomas Tredwell. John E. Van Allen. 7 Philip Van Cortlandt. John Watts. NORTH CAROLINA. Benjamin Hawkins. Thomas Blount. William Johnston Dawson . James Gillespie. William Barry Grove. Matthew Locke. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander Martin . Nathaniel Macon. Joseph McDowell. Alexander Mebane. Benjamin Williams. Joseph Winston. 1 Resigned April 13, 1794. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John F. Mercer and took his seat November 11, 1794. 3 Resigned November 8, 1794. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Uriah Forrest, and took his seat January 2, 1795. 6 Died December 15, 1794. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Abraham Clark, and took his seat January 29, 1795. ' Election unsuccessfully contested by Henry K. Van Rens- elaer. 38 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Robert Morris. James Armstrong. William Findley. Thomas Fitzsimons. Andrew Gregg. Thomas Hartley. Daniel Heister. William Irvine. Theodore Foster. Benjamin Bourn. Pierce Butler. Lemuel Benton. Alexander Gillon. 3 Robert Goodloe Harper. 4 John Hunter. Moses Robinson. Nathaniel Niles. James Monroe. 5 Stephens T. Mason. e Isaac Coles. Thomas Claiborne. William B. Giles. Samuel Griffin. George Hancock. Carter B. Harrison. John Heath. Richard Bland Lee. James Madison. Andrew Moore. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert Gallatin. 1 James Ross. 2 John Wilkes Kittera. William Montgomery. Frederick A. Muhlenberg. John Peter G. Muhlenberg. Thomas Scott. John Smilie. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Bradford. Francis Malbone. Ralph Izard. Andrew Pickens. William Smith. Richard Wynn. Stephen R. Bradley. Israel Smith. John Taylor. 7 Henry Tazewell. 8 Joseph Neville. Anthony New. John Nicholas. John Page. Josiah Parker. Francis Preston . 9 Robert Rutherford. Abraham Venable. Francis Walker. TERRITORY SOUTH OF THE RIVER OHIO. 1 DELEGATE. James White. 11 1 Credentials presented in preceding Congress; took his seat December 2, 1793; served until February 28, 1794, when the election was declared void, " he not having been a citizen of the United States the term of years required bv the Constitution." 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the Senate declaring the ejection of Albert Gallatin void, and took his seat April 24, 1794. 3 Died October 6, 1794. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Alexander Gil- lon, and took his seat February 9, 1795. 6 Resigned November 18, 1794, having been appointed min- ister plenipotentiary to France. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jam Monroe, but did not take his seat until June 8, 1795, in the succeeding Congress. ' Resigned May 11, 1794. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Tay- lor, and took his seat December 29, 1794. 9 Election unsuccessfully contested by Abraham Trigg. 10 Created a district for the purposes of temporary govern- ment by act approved May 2(>, 1790. 11 Took his seat November 18, 1794. FOURTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1795, TO MARCH 3, 1797. FIRST SESSION December 7, 1795, to June 1, 1796. SECOND SESSION December 5, 1796, to March 3, 1797. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE-June 8, 1795, to June 26, 1795. VICE PRESIDENT John Adams, of Massachusetts. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Henry Tazewell, 1 of Virginia ; Samuel Livermore, 2 of New Hampshire ; William Bingham, of Pennsylvania. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Jonathan Dayton, of New Jersey. CLERK OF THE HOUSE John Beckley, of Virginia. Oliver Ellsworth. 4 James Hillhouse. 5 Joshua Coit. Chauncey Goodrich. Roger Griswold. James Hillhouse. 8 James Davenport. 9 John Vining. James Gunn. Abraham Baldwin. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. John Patton. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan Trumbull. 8 Uriah Tracy. 7 Nathaniel Smith. Zephaniah Swift. Uriah Tracy. 10 Samuel Whittlesey Dana. 11 Henry Latimer. James Jackson. 12 George Walton. 13 Josiah Tattnall. 14 John Milledge. i Elected December 7, 1795. : Elected May 6, 1796. 3 Elected February 16, 1797. 4 Resigned March 8. 1796. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Oliver Ells- worth, and took his seat 'December 6. 1796. "Resigned June 10. 1796. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jonathan Trumbull, and took his seat December 6. 1796. 8 Resigned in December, 1796, having been elected Senator. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Hill- house and took his seat December 5, 1796. 10 Resigned December 6, 1796, having been elected Senator. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Uriah Tracy, and took his seat January 3, 1797. 13 Resigned in 1795. 13 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jamps Jackson, and took his seat December is. 1795. 14 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Jack- son, and took his seat April 12, 1796. 39 40 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Brown. Christopher Greenup. John Henry. Gabriel Christie. Jeremiah Crabb. 3 William Craik. 4 Gabriel Duvall. 5 Richard Sprigg, jr. Caleb Strong. 8 Theodore Sedgwick. 9 Fisher Ames. Theophilus Bradbury. Henry Dearborn. D wight Foster. Nathaniel Freeman, jr. Benjamin Goodhue. George Leonard. Samuel Lyman. John Langdon. Abiel Foster. Nicholas Gilman. John Rutherfurd. Jonathan Dayton. Thomas Henderson. Aaron Kitchell KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Humphrey Marshall. Alexander D. Orr. Richard Potts. 1 John Eager Howard. 2 George Dent. William Hindman. Samuel Smith. Thomas Sprigg. 7 William Vans Murray. MASSACHUSETTS. George Cabot. 10 Benjamin Goodhue. 11 William Lyman. John Reed. Theodore Sedgwick. 12 Thomson J. Skinner. 13 George Thacher. Joseph B. Varnum. 14 Peleg Wadsworth. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Livermore. John S. Sherburne. Jeremiah Smith. Frederick Frelinghuysen. 15 Richard Stockton. 16 Isaac Smith. Mark Thompson. 1 Resigned October 24, 1796. 'Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Richard Potts, and took his seat December 27, 1796. * Resigned In 1796. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jeremiah Crabb, and took his seat December 5, 1796. 6 Resigned March 28, 1796, having been appointed judge of the supreme court of Maryland. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Gabriel Duvall, and took his seat May 6, 1796, 1 Took his seat February 7, 1797. * Resigned June 1, 1796. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Caleb Strong, and took his seat December 21, 1796. >o Resigned June 9, 1796. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George Cabot, and took his seat December G, 1796. 12 Resigned December 6, 1796, having been elected Senator. 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Theodore Sedgwick. and took his seat January 27, 1797. 14 Election contested by petition from sundry citizens of Massachusetts; Committee on Elections reported favorably for him, and added "that ths attempt to deprive him of his seat was rather the act of malevolence than a desire to pro- mote the public good." On January 25, 1797, these words were stricken out and expressions of compliment to the sitting Member were substituted, and the report was agreed to. Resigned November 12, 1796. 14 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Frederick Frelinghuysen, and took his seat December 6, 1796. FOURTH CONGRESS. 41 Aaron Burr. Theodoras Bailey. William Cooper. Ezekiel Gilbert. Henry Glen. John Ha thorn. Alexander Martin. Thomas Blount. Nathan Bryan. Dempsey Burges. Jesse Franklin. James Gillespie. William B. Grove. James Ross. David Bard. William Findley. Albert Gallatin. Andrew Gregg. Thomas Hartley. Daniel Heister. 6 George Ege. 7 NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Rufus King. 1 John Laurance. 2 Jonathan N. Havens. Edward Livingston. John E. Van Allen. Philip Van Cortlandt. John Williams. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Timothy Blood worth. James Holland. Matthew Locke. Nathaniel Macon. Absalom Tatum. 3 William Strudwick. 4 William Bingham. John Wilkes Kittera. Samuel Maclay. Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg. John Richards. 6 Samuel Sitgreaves. John Swan wick. Richard Thomas. RHODE ISLAND. Theodore Foster. SENATORS. William Bradford. Francis Malbone. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Bourn. 8 Elisha R. Potter. 9 SOUTH CAROLINA. Pierce Butler. 10 John Hunter. 11 SENATORS. Jacob Read. REPRESENTATIVES. Lemuel Benton. Samuel Earle. Wade Hampton. Robert Goodloe Harper. William Smith. Richard Wynn. 1 Resigned May 18, 17%, having been appointed minister to England. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Rufus King, and took his seat December 8, 1796. 3 Resigned in 1796. 4 Elepted to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Absalom Tatum, and took his seat December 13, 1796. 6 Successfully contested the election of James Morris, who never qualified, and took his seat January 18, 1796. Resigned July 1, 1796. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Danie Heister, and took his seat December 8, 1796. 8 Resigned in 1796. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Benjamin Bourn, and took his seat December 19, 1796. '<> Resigned in 1796. " Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Pierce But- ler, and took his seat January 27, 1797. 42 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. William Blount. 2 Moses Robinson. 5 Isaac Tichenor. 6 Daniel Buck. Henry Tazewell. Richard Brent. Samuel J. Cabell. Thomas Claiborne. John Clop ton. Isaac Coles. William B. Giles. George Hancock. Carter B. Harrison. John Heath. George Jackson. TENNESSEE. 1 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE . Andrew Jackson. 4 VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Cocke. 3 Elijah Paine. Israel Smith. Stevens T. Mason. 8 James Madison. Andrew Moore. Anthony New. John Nicholas. John Page. Josiah Parker. Francis Preston. Robert Rutherford. Abraham Venable. i Admitted as a State into the Union June 1, 1796. 3 Took his seat December 5, 1796; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1799. 3 Took" his seat December 5, 1796; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1797. 4 Took his seat December 5, 1790. s Resigned October 15, 1796. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Moses Robinson, and took his seat December (i. 17%. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by Matthew Lyon. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Mon- roe, in preceding Congress, and took his seat June 8, 1795. FIFTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1797, TO MARCH 3, 1799. FIRST SESSION May 15, 1797, to July 10, 1797. SECOND SESSION November 13, 1797, to July 16, 1798. THIRD SESSION December 3, 1798, to March 3, 1799. SPECIAL SESSIONS OF THE SENATE March 4, 1797, for one day only; July 17, 1798, to July 19, 1798. VICE PRESIDENT Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PHO TEMPORE William Bradford, 1 of Rhode Island; Jacob Read, 2 of South Carolina; Theodore Sedg- wick, 3 of Massachusetts ; John Laurance, 4 of New York; James Ross, 5 of Pennsylvania. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Jonathan Dayton, 6 of New Jersey. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE PRO TEMPORE George Dent, 7 of Maryland. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Jonathan W. Condy, of Pennsylvania. James Hillhouse. John Allen. Joshua Coit. 8 Jonathan Brace. 9 Samuel W. Dana. Nathaniel Smith. John Vining. 13 Joshua Clayton. 14 William Hill Wells. 15 James Gunn. Abraham Baldwin. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Jame. A. Bayard. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Uriah Tracy. James Davenport. 10 William Edmond. 11 Chauncey Goodrich. Roger Griswold. 12 Henry Latimer. Josiah Tattnall. John Milledge. > Elected July 6, 1797. 2 Elected November 22, 1797. s Elected June 27, 1798. Elected December 6, 1798. s Elected March 1, 1799. Elected May 15, 1797. i Elected May 28, 1798. a Died September 5, 1798. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Joshua Coit, and took his seat December 3, 1798. w Died August 3, 1797. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Daven- port, and took his seat November 13, 1797. 12 Unsuccessful motion made to expel after his personal en- counter with Matthew Lyon, of Vermont, February 15, 1798. is Resigned January 19, 1798. H Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Vin- ing, and took his seat February 19, 179M; died July 16, 1798. 15 Elected to fill vacancy in term commencing March 4, 1793, caused by resignation of John Vining and death of Joshua Clayton, and took his seat February 4, 1799. 43 44 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Brown. Thomas T. Davis. John Henry. 1 James Lloyd. 2 George Baer, jr. William Craik. John Dennis. George Dent. Benjamin Goodhue. Theophilus Bradbury. 3 Bailey Bartlett. 4 Stephen Bullock. Dwight Foster. Nathaniel Freeman, jr. Samuel Lyman. Harrison Gray Otis. Isaac Parker. John Langdon. Abiel Foster. Jonathan Freeman. William Gordon. John Rutherford. 7 Franklin Davenport. 8 Jonathan Dayton. James H. Imlay. James Schureman. Philip Schuyler. 9 John Sloss Hobart. 10 William North. 11 James Watson. 12 David Brooks. James Cochran. Lucas Elmendorph. Henry Glen. Jonathan N. Havens. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Humphrey Marshall. John Fowler. John E. Howard. William Hindman. William Matthews. Samuel Smith. Richard Sprigg, jr. Theodore Sedgwlck. John Reed. Samuel Sewall. William Shepherd. Thomson J. Skinner. George Thacher. Joseph Bradley Varnum. Peleg Wadsworth. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Livermore. Jeremiah Smith. 8 Peleg Sprague. 6 Richard Stockton. Thomas Sinnickson. Mark Thompson. John Laurance. Hezekiah L. Hosmer. Edward Livingston. John E. Van Allen. Philip Van Cortlandt. John Williams. Resigned December 10, 1797, having been elected governor. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Henry, and took his seat January 11, 1798. Resigned July 24, 1797. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Theophilus Bradbury, and took his seat November 27, 1797. * Resigned July 26, 1797. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jeremiah Smith, and took his seat December 15, 1797. 7 Resigned November 26, 1798. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Rutherford, and took his seat December 19, 1798. Resigned January 3, 1798. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Philip Schuyler, and took his seat February 2, 1798; resigned April 16, 1798, bavin? been appointed judge of the United States district court of New York. 11 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by the resignations of Philip Schuyler and John Sloss Hobart, and took his seat May 21, 1798. " Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignations of Philip Schuyler and John. Slosa Hobart, and took his seat December 11, 1798. FIFTH CONGRESS. 45 NORTH CAROLINA. Alexander Martin. Thomas Blount. Nathan Bryan. 1 Richard Dobbs Spaight. Demsey B urges. James Gillespie. William Barry Grove. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Timothy Blood worth. Matthew Locke. Nathaniel Macon. Joseph McDowell. Richard Stanford. Robert Williams. PENNSYLVANIA. James Ross. David Bard. Samuel Sitgreaves. 3 Robert Brown. 4 John Chapman. William Findley. Albert Gallatin. Andrew Gregg. John Andre Hanna. William Bradford. 9 Ray Greene. 10 Christopher G. Champ lin. Jacob Read. Lemuel Benton. Robert Goodloe Harper. John Rutledge, jr. William Blount. 17 Joseph Anderson. 11 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Bingham. Thomas Hartley. George Ege. 5 Joseph Heister. 6 John Wilkes Kittera. Blair McClenachan. John Swan wick. 7 Robert Wain. 8 Richard Thomas. Theodore Foster. Elisha R. Potter. 11 Thomas Tillinghast. 1 SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. John Hunter. 13 Charles Pinckney. 14 William Smith, Charleston district. William Smith, Pinckney district. 15 Thomas Pinckney. 16 Thomas Sumter. William Cocke. 19 Andrew Jackson. 20 Daniel Smith. 21 REPRESENTATIVE . William C. C. Claiborne. i Died June 4, 1798. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Nathan Bryan, and took his seat December 10, 1798. a Resigned 1798, having been appointed commissioner to Great Britain. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Sitgreaves, and took his seat December 4, 1798. s Resigned 1797. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George Ege, and took his seat December 1, 1797. 'Died July 31,1798. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Swanwick, and took his seat December 3, 1798. Resigned in 1797. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Bradford, and took his seat November 22, 1797. 11 Resigned in 1797. 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Elisha R. Potter, and took his seat November 13, 1797. is Resigned December 31, 1798. 14 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Hun- ter, and took his seat February 16, 1799. 15 Resigned July 10, 1797, having been appointed minister to Portugal. 16 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Smith, and took his seat November 23, 1797. " Expelled for "high misdemeanor" July 8, 1797. 18 Elected to fill vacancy caused by expulsion of William Blount, and took his seat November 22. 1797, and served until December 12, 1798. when he was elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Andrew Jackson. 19 Appointed to fill vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1797 (the legislature having failed to elect), and took his seat May 15, 1797. 20 Elected to fill vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1797, and took his seat November 22, 1797; resigned in April, 1798. 21 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Andrew Jackson, and took his seat December 6, 1798. 46 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Elijah Paine. Matthew Lyon. 3 Henry Tazewell. 4 Richard Brent. Samuel Jordon Cabill. Thomas Claiborne. Matthew Clay. John Clopton. John Dawson. William B. Giles." Joseph Eggleston. 7 Thomas Evans. Carter B. Harrison. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac Tichenor. 1 Nathaniel Chipman. 2 Lewis R. Morris. Stevens T. Mason. David Holmes. Walter Jones. James Machir. Daniel Morgan. 8 Anthony New. John Nicholas. Josiah Parker. Abram Trigg. John Trigg. Abraham Venable. 1 Resigned October 17, 1797, having been elected governor. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Isaac Tichenor, and took his seat November 22, 1797. 3 Unsuccessful motion made to expel after his personal en- counter with Roger Griswold, of Connecticut, February 15, 1798. < Died January 24, 1799. Letter from governor of Virginia (Senate Journal, p. 584) stating appointment would be deferred until legislature meets. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Robert Rutherford. e Resigned October 2, 1798. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William B. Giles, and took his seat December 3, 1798. SIXTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1799, TO MARCH 3, 1801. FIRST SESSION December 2, 1799, to May 14, 1800. SECOND SESSION November 17, 1800, to March 3, 1801. VICE PRESIDENT Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PKO TEMPORE Samuel Livermore, 1 of New Hampshire; Uriah Tracy, 2 of Connecticut; John E. Howard, 3 of Maryland; James Hillhouse, 4 of Connecticut. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Theodore Sedgwick, of Massachusetts. CLERKS OF THE HOUSE Jonathan W. Condy, of Pennsylvania; John H. Oswald, of Pennsylvania. James Hillhouse. Jonathan Brace. 5 John C. Smith. 6 Samuel W. Dana. John Davenport. Henry Latimer. 7 Samuel White. 8 James Gunn . James Jones. 9 John Brown. Thomas T. Davis. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE . James A. Bayard. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Uriah Tracy. William Edmond. Chauncey Goodrich. Elizur Goodrich. Roger Griswold. William H. Wells. Abraham Baldwin. Benjamin Taliaferro. Humphrey Marshall. John Fowler. 1 Elected December 2, 1799. 2 Elected May 14, 1800. 3 Elected November 21, 1800. 4 Elected February 28, 1801. '- Resigned in 1800. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jonathan Brace, and took his seat November 17, 1800. ' Resigned in 1801. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry Latimer, service to date from February 28, 1801: did not take his seat until March 4, 1801, in the special session of the Senate of the Seventh Congress. 9 Died January 13, 1801. 47 48- CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John E. Howard. George Baer. Gabriel Christie. William Craik. George Dent. Benjamin Goodhue. 3 Jonathan Mason. 4 Bailey Bartlett. Phanuel Bishop. Dwight Foster/ Levi Lincoln. 8 Silas Lee. Samuel Lyman. 9 Ebenezer Mattoon. 10 Harrison G. Otis. John Langdon. Jonathan Freeman. William Gordon. 13 Samuel Tenney. 14 James Schureman. 15 Aaron Ogden. 18 John Condit. Franklin Davenport James H. Imlay. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Lloyd. 1 William Hindman. 2 John Dennis. Joseph H. Nicholson. Samuel Smith. John C. Thomas. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Dexter. 5 Dwight Foster. 8 John Reed. Theodore Sedgwick. Samuel Sewall. 11 Nathan Read. 12 William Shepherd. George Thacher. Joseph B. Varnum. Peleg Wadsworth. Lemuel Williams. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. Samuel Livermore. Abiel Foster. James Sheaf e. Jonathan Dayton. Aaron Kitchell. James Linn. James Schureman. 17 John Laurance. 18 John Armstrong. 19 Theodorus Bailey. John Bird. William Cooper. Lucas Elmendorf. Henry Glen. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Watson. 20 Gouverneur Morris. 21 Edward Livingston. Jonas Platt. John Smith. John Thompson. Philip Van Cortlandt. 1 Resigned December 1, 1800. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Lloyd, and took his seat December 15, 1800. ^'Resigned November 8, 1800. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Benjamin Goodhue, and took his seat December 19, 1800. 5 Resigned May 30, 1800. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Dexter, and took his seat November 21 , 1800. 7 Resigned June 6, 1800, having been elected Senator. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Dwight Foster, and took his seat February 6, 1801. 9 Resigned November C, 1801. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Lyman, and took his seat February 2, 1801. 11 Resigned January 10, 1800. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Sewall, and took his seat November 25, 1800. 13 Resigned June 12, 1800. 14 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Gordon, and took his seat December 8, 1800. is Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Rutherford In preceding Congress, and took his seat December 3, 1799; resigned February 16, 1801. 16 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignations of John Rutherford and James Schureman, and took his seat March 3, 1801. 17 Resigned in 1799, having been elected Senator. ' 8 Resigned in August, 1800. 19 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Laurance, and took his seat January 8, 1801. M Resigned March 19, 1800. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Watson, and took his seat May 3, 1800. Timothy Blood worth. Willis Alston. Joseph Dickson. William Barry Grove. Archibald Henderson. William H. Hill. James Ross. Robert Brown. Albert Gallatin. Andrew Gregg. John A. Hanna. Thomas Hartley. 1 John Stewart. 2 Joseph Heister. Theodore Foster. John Brown. Jacob Read. Robert Goodloe Harper. Benjamin Huger. Abraham Nott. Joseph Anderson. 3 Elijah Paine. Matthew Lyon. SIXTH CONGRESS. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. 49 PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse Franklin. Nathaniel Macon. Richard Dobbs Spaight. Richard Stanford. David Stone. Robert Williams. William Bingham. John Wilkes Kittera. Michael Leib. John Peter Muhlenberg. John Smilie. Richard Thomas. Robert Wain. Henry Woods. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. William C. C. Claiborne. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Ray Greene. Christopher G. Champlin. Charles Pinckney. Thomas Pinckney. John Rutledge, jr. Thomas Sumter. William Cocke. Nathaniel Chipman. Lewis R. Morris. i Died December 21, 1800. Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Andrew Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas Hartley, Jackson in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 2, and took his seat February 3, 1801. 1799. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 4 50 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Stevens T. Mason. Samuel J. Cabell. Matthew Clay. John Dawson. Joseph Eggleston. Thomas Evans. Samuel Goode. Edwin Gray. David Holmes. John G. Jackson. Henry Lee. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Wilson C. Nicholas. 1 John Marshall. 2 Littleton W. Tazewell. 3 Anthony New. John Nicholas. Robert Page. Josiah Parker. Levin Powell. John Randolph. Abram Trigg. John Trigg. TERRITORY NORTHWEST OF THE RIVER OHIO*. DELEGATES. William Henry Harrison. 5 William M'Millan. 8 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry Tazewell in preceding Congress, and took his seat January 3, 1800. 2 Resigned June 7, 1800. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Mar- shall, and took his seat November 26, 1800. < Created a district for the purposes of temporary govern- ment by act approved July 13, 1787. * Resigned in March, 1800. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Henry Harrison, and took his seat November 24, 1800. SEVENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1801, to MARCH 3, 1803. FIRST SESSION December 7, 1801, to May 3, 1802. SECOND SESSION December 6, 1802, to March 3, 1803. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1801, to March 5, 1801. VICE-PRESIDENT Aaron Burr, of New York. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Abraham Baldwin, 1 of Georgia; Stephen R. Bradley, 2 of Vermont. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Nathaniel Macon, of North Carolina. CLERK OF THE HOUSE John Beckley, of Virginia. James Hillhouse. Samuel W. Dana. John Davenport. Roger Griswold. Calvin Goddard. Samuel White. 3 CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. James A. Bayard. GEORGIA. Uriah Tracy. Elias Perkins. John C. Smith. Benjamin Tallmadge. William H. Wells. Abraham Baldwin. John Milledge. 4 Peter Early. 5 John Brown. Thomas T. Davis. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Jackson. Benjamin Taliaferro. 6 David Meriwether. 7 John Breckinridge. John Fowler. 1 Elected December 7, 1801; April 17, 1802. s Elected December 14, 1802; February 25, 1803; March 2, 1803. 3 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry Latimer in preceding Congress, and took his seat March 4, 1801 (special session of the Senate); subsequently elected. 4 Resigned May, 1802. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Mil- ledge, and took his seat January 10, 1803. s Resigned in 1802. i Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Benjamin Taliaferro, and took his seat December 6, 1802. 51 52 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John E. Howard. John Archer. John Campbell. John Dennis. Daniel Heister. Dwight Foster. 5 John Bacon. Phanuel Bishop. Manasseh Cutler. Richard Cutts. William Eustis. Seth Hastings. Silas Lee. 6 Samuel Thacher. 7 Ebenezer Mattoon. Samuel Livermore. Simeon Olcott. 9 Abiel Foster. Joseph Pierce. 12 Samuel Hunt. 13 Jonathan Dayton. John Condit. Ebenezer Elmer. William Helms. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Hindman. 1 Robert Wright. 2 Joseph H. Nicholson. Thomas Plater. Samuel Smith. Richard Sprigg. 3 Walter Bowie. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESS NT ATI VE 8 . SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. Jonathan Mason. Nathan Read. William Shepard. Josiah Smith. Joseph B. Varnum. Peleg Wads worth. Lemuel Williams. NEW HAMPSHIRE. James Sheafe. 10 William Plumer. 11 Samuel Tenney. George B. Upham. Aaron Ogden. James Mott. Henry Southard. Gouverneur Morris. Theodorus Bailey. Lucas Elmendorf. Samuel L. Mitchill. Thomas Morris. John Smith. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Armstrong. 14 De Witt Clinton. 15 David Thomas. Philip Van Cortlandt. John P. Van Ness. 16 Killian K. Van Rensselaer. Benjamin Walker. i Appointed to fill vacancy in term commencing March 4, 1801, and took his seat March 5, 1801 (special session of the Senate). * Elected to fill vacancy in term commencing March 4, 1801, and took his seat December 7, 1801. 8 Resigned in 1802. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Richard Sprigg, and took his scat March 24, 1802. 6 Resigned March 2, 1803. 6 Resigned August 20, 1801. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Silas Lee, and took his seat December 6, 1802. Resigned June 12, 1801. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Livermore, and took his seat December 7, 1801. i Resigned June 14, 1802. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Sheafe, and took his seat December 14, 1802. i Resigned in 1802. 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph Pierce, and took his seat December 6, 1802. " Resigned February 10, 1802. '5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Arm- strong, and took his seat February 23, 1802. 16 Seat declared forfeited January 17, 1803, he having accepted and exercised the office of major of militia, under authority of the United States, within the Territory of Columbia. SEVENTH CONGRESS. 53 Jesse Franklin. Willis Alston. William Barry Grove. Archibald Henderson. William H. Hill. Charles Johnson. 1 Thomas Wynns. 2 Vacant. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. David Stone. James Ross. Robert Brown. Thomas Boude. Andrew Gregg. John A. Hanna. Joseph Heister. Joseph Hemphill. William Hoge. Theodore Foster. Joseph Stan ton, jr. Charles Pinckney.* Thomas Sumter. * William Butler. Benjamin Huger. Thomas Lowndes. Thomas Moore. Joseph Anderson. OHIO. 3 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE . Vacant. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Holland. Nathaniel Macon. Richard Stanford. John Stanley. Robert Williams. Vacant. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. William Dickson. John Peter Muhlenberg. 4 George Logan. 6 William Jones. Michael Leib. John Smilie. John Stewart. Isaac Van Home. Henry Woods. Ray Greene. 6 Christopher Ellery. 7 Thomas Tillinghast. John Ewing Calhoun. 10 John Rutledge. Thomas Sumter. 11 Richard Wynn. 12 William Cocke. > Died in 1802. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles Johnson, and took his seat December 7, 1802. Admitted as a State into the Union from territory known as the Northwest Territory and that was originally ceded to the United States by the State of Virginia, November 29, 1802. Resigned in 1801; attended special session of the Senate only, March 4-5, 1801. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Peter Muhlenberg, and took his seat December?, 1801; sub- eequently elected. Resigned March 5, 1801. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ray Greene, and took his seat December 7, 1801. s Resigned in 1801. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles Pinckney, and took his seat December 19, 1801. > Died November 3, 1802. 11 Resigned, December 15, 1801, having been elected Senator, 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas Sumter, and took his seat January 24, 1803. 54 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. VERMONT. SENATORS. Elijah Paine. 1 Stephen R. Bradley. 2 Lewis R. Morris. Stevens T. Mason. Richard Brent. Samuel J. Cabell. Thomas Claiborne. Matthew Clay. John Clopton. John Dawson. William B. Giles. Edwin Gray. David Holmes. John G. Jackson. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel Chipman. Israel Smith. Wilson C. Nicholas. Anthony New. Thomas Newton, jr. John Randolph, jr. John Smith. John Stratton. John Taliaferro, jr. Philip R. Thompson. Abram Trigg. John Trigg. MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. 3 DELEGATES. Narsworthy Hunter. 4 Thomas M. Greene. 5 TERRITORY NORTHWEST OF THE RIVER OHIO. 6 DELEGATE. Paul Fearing. 7 1 Resigned September 1, 1801. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Elijah Paine, and took his seat December 7, 1801. * Formed from territory ceded to the United States by the States of Georgia and South Carolina, April 7, 1798. Died March 11, 1802. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Narsworthy Hunter, and took his seat December 6, 1802. Erected into the State of Ohio, November 29, 1802. 7 Question raised as to his right to retain his seat after November 29,1802, date upon which the Territory was erected into the State of Ohio; no other representative appearing, was permitted to retain the seat. EIGHTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1803, TO MARCH 3, 1805. FIRST SESSION October 17, 1803, to March 27, 1804. SECOND SESSION November 5, 1804, to March 3, 1805. VICE PRESIDENT Aaron Burr, of New York. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE John Brown, 1 of Kentucky; Jesse Franklin, 2 of North Carolina; Joseph Anderson, 3 of Tennessee. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Nathaniel Macon, of North Carolina. CLERK OF THE HOUSE John Beckley, of Virginia. James Hillhouse. Simeon Baldwin. Samuel W. Dana. John Davenport. Calvin Goddard. William H. Wella. 4 James A. Bayard. 5 Abraham Baldwin. Joseph Bryan. Peter Early. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. ? t' Died February 1, 1807. 2 Resigned July 1, 1806. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Christopher Clark, and took his seat December 1, 1806. Formed from a portion of the Northwest Territory and from lands originally ceded to the United States by the State of Virginia, May 7, 1800, with seat of government at Vincennes. s Took his seat December 12, 1805. 8 Formed March 26, 1804, from a portion of country ceded by France to the United States under tha name of Louisiana by the treaty of Paris of April 30, 1803. ' Took his seat December 1, 1806. TENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1807, TO MARCH 3, 1809. FIRST SESSION October 26, 1807, to April 25, 1808. 7, 1808, to March 3, 1809. SECOND SESSION November VICE-PBESIDENT George Clinton, of New York. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PEO TEMPOBE Samuel Smith, 1 of Maryland; Stephen B. Bradley, 2 of Vermont; John Milledge, 3 of Georgia. SECBETABY OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Joseph B. Varnum, of Massachusetts. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Patrick Magruder, of Maryland. James Hillhouse. Epaphroditus Champion. Samuel W. Dana. John Davenport, jr. Jonathan O. Moseley. Samuel White. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Nicholas Van Dyke. GEORGIA. Uriah Tracy. 4 Chauncey Goodrich. 5 Timothy Pitkin, jr. Lewis B. Sturgis. Benjamin Tallmadge. James A. Bayard, 2d. Abraham Baldwin. 6 George Jones. 7 William H. Crawford. 8 William W. Bibb. Howell Cobb. Buckner Thruston. John Boyle. Joseph Desha. Benjamin Howard. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Milledge. Dennis Smelt. George M. Troup. John Pope. Richard M. Johnson. Matthew Lyon. John Rowan. 1 Elected April 16, 1808. Elected December 28, 1808. 3 Elected January 30, 1809. 4 Died July 19. 1807. Died March 4, 1807. 7 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Abraham Baldwin, and took his seat October 26, 1807. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Abraham J^A^V* vuu Aj. JLUUI . j^itxjieu tu mi vacancy causeu uy ueau Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Uriah Tracy, Baldwin, and took his seat December 9, 1807. and took his seat November 27, 1807. 64 TENTH CONGRESS. 65 Samuel Smith. John Campbell. Charles W. Goldsborough. Philip B. Key. 1 Edward Lloyd. William McCreery. 2 Timothy Pickering. Ezekiel Bacon. Joseph Barker. John Chandler. Orchard Cook. Jacob Crowninshield. s Joseph Story. 6 Richard Cutts. Josiah Dean. William Ely. Nicholas Oilman. Peter Carlton. Daniel M. Durell. Francis Gardner. John Condit. Ezra Darby. 7 Adam Boyd. 8 William Helms. John Lambert. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Philip Reed. John Montgomery. Nicholas R. Moore. Roger Nelson. Archibald Van Home. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Quincy Adams. 3 James Lloyd, jr. 4 Daniel Ilsley. Edward St. Loe Livermore. Josiah Quincy. Ebenezer Seaver. William Stedman. Samuel Taggart. Jabez Upham. Joseph B. Varnum. Isaiah L. Green. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. Nahum Parker. Jedediah K. Smith. Clement Storer. Aaron Kitchell. Thomas Newbold. James Sloan. Henry Southard. John Smith. John Blake, jr. George Clinton, jr. Barent Gardenier. John Harris. Reuben Humphrey. William Kirkpa trick. Josiah Masters. Gurdon S. Mumford. Samuel Riker. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel L. Mitchill. John Russell. Peter Swart. David Thomas. 9 Nathan Wilson. 10 John Thompson. James Q. Van Allen. Philip Van Cortlandt. Killian K. Van Rensselaer. Daniel C. Verplanck. 1 Election was questioned upon the grounds that he was not a resident of the district and that he was a British pen- sioner; a resolution declaring him entitled to his seat was passed by a vote of 57 to 52, March 18, 1808. 2 Election unsuccessfully contested by Joshua Barney. * Resigned June 8, 1808. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Quincy Adams, and took his seat November 7, 1808. * Died April 15, 1808. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Jacob Crownin- shleld, and took his seat December 20, 1808. 'Died January 28, 1808. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Ezra Darby , and took his seat April 1, 1808. Resigned May 1, 1808. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of David Thomas, and took his seat November 7, 1808. 66 James Turner. Evan Alexander. Willis Alston, jr. William Blacklege Thomas Blount. John Culpeper 1 Meshack Franklin. John Smith. 2 Return J. Meigs. 3 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. OHIO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Jeremiah Morrow. Jesse Franklin. James Holland. Thomas Kenan. Nathaniel Macon. Lemuel Sawyer. Richard Stanford. Marmaduke Williams. Edward Tiffin. Samuel Maclay. 4 Michael Leib. 5 David Bard. Robert Brown. Joseph Clay. 6 Benjamin Say. 7 William Findley. John Heister. William Hoge. Robert Jenkins. James Kelly. William Milnor. James Fenner. 8 Elisha Mathewson. 9 Nehemiah Knight. 10 Richard Jackson. n PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew Gregg. John Porter. John Pugh. John Rea. Jacob Richards. Matthias Richards. John Smilie. Samuel Smith. Robert Whitehill. Daniel Montgomery, jr. Benjamin Howland. Isaac Wilbour. SOUTH CAROLINA. Thomas Sumter. Lemuel J. Alston. William Butler. Joseph Calhoun. Robert Marion. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Gaillard. Thomas Moore. John Taylor. David R. Williams. Richard W T ynn. i Election contested by Duncan McFarland; the House on January 2, 1808, declared the seat vacant on account of irregularities; subsequently elected, and took his seat February 23, 1808. * Tried by Senate for complicity with Aaron Burr; but res- olution of expulsion negatived April 9, 1808; resigned April 25, 1808. (See Senate Election Cases, edition 1903, pp. 934-948). * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Smith, and took his seat January 6, 1809. Resigned January 4, 1809. 6 Elected to rill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Maclay, and took his seat January 19, 1809. Resigned in 1808. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph Clay, and took his seat November 16, 1808. 8 Resigned in September, 1807, having been elected governor. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Fen- ner, and took his seat November 20, 1807. Died June 13, 1808. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Nehemiah Knight, and took his seat November 11, 1808. TENTH CONGRESS. 67 Joseph Anderson. George W. Campbell. John Rhea. Stephen R. Bradley. Martin Chittenden. James Elliott. James Fisk. William B. Giles. Burwell Basse tt. William A. Burwell. John Claiborne. 5 Thomas Gholson, jr. Matthew Clay. John Clopton. John Dawson. John W. Eppes. James M. Garnett. Peterson Goodwin. Edwin Gray. David Holmes. Benjamin Parke. 7 TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Smith. Jesse Wharton. Israel Smith. 1 Jonathan Robinson. 2 James Witherell. 3 Samuel Shaw. 4 Andrew Moore. John G. Jackson. Walter Jones. Joseph Lewis, jr. John Love. John Morrow. Thomas Newton, jr. Wilson Carey Nicholas. John Randolph. John Smith. Abram Trigg. Alexander Wilson. INDIANA TERRITORY. DELEGATES. Jesse B. Thomas. 8 MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George Poindexter. TERRITORY OF ORLEANS. DELEGATE. Daniel Clark. 1 Resigned October 1, 1807, having been elected governor. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Israel Smith, and took his seat October 26, 1807. a Resigned May 1, 1808. 4 Elected to nil vacancy caused by resignation of James Witherell, and took his seat November 8, 1808. 5 Died October 9, 1808. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Claiborne, and took his seat November 7, 1808. ' Resigned March 1, 1808. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Benjamin Parke, and took his seat December 1, 1808. ELEVENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1809, TO MARCH 3, 1811. FIRST SESSION May 22, 1809, to June 28, 1809. SECOND SESSION November 27, 1809, to May 1, 1810. THIRD SESSION December 3, 1810, to March 3, 1811. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1809, to March 7, 1809. VICE PRESIDENT George Clinton, of New York. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Andrew Gregg, 1 of Pennsylvania; John Gaillard, 2 of South Carolina; John Pope, 3 of Kentucky. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Joseph B. Varnum, of Massachusetts. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Patrick Magruder, of Maryland. James Hillhouse. 4 Samuel W. Dana. 5 Epaphroditus Champion. Samuel W. Dana. 8 Ebenezer Huntington. 7 John Davenport. Samuel White. 8 Outerbridge Horsey. 9 John Milledge. 10 Charles Tait. 11 CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Nicholas Van Dyke. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Chauncey Goodrich. Jonathan O. Moseley. Timothy Pitkin, jr. Lewis B. Sturgis. Benjamin Tallmadge. James A. Bayard, 2d. William H. Crawford. REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Bibb. Howell Cobb. Dennis Smelt. George M. Troup. i Elected June 26, 1809. * Elected February 28, 1810; reelected April 17, 1810. Elected February 23, 1811. Resigned June 10, 1810. G Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Hill- house, and took his seat December 4, 1810. Resigned in May, 1810, having been elected Senator. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel W, Dana, and took his seat December 3, 1810. 68 s Died November 4, 1809. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Samuel White, and took his seat January 29, 1810. 10 Resigned November 14, 1809. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Mill- edge, and took his seat December 28, 1809. ELEVENTH CONGRESS. 69 Buckner Thruston. 1 Henry Clay. 2 Benjamin Howard. 3 William T. Barry. 4 Henry Crist. Joseph Desna. Samuel Smith. John Campbell. Charles W. Goldsborough. Philip B. Key. Alexander Me Kim. John Montgomery. Nicholas R. Moore. Timothy Pickering. Ezekiel Bacon. William Baylies. 9 Charles Turner, jr. 10 Orchard Cook. Richard Cutts. William Ely. Gideon Gardner. Barzillai Gannett. Edward St. Loe Livermore. Benjamin Picfcman, jr. Nicholas Gilman. Daniel Blaisdell. John C. Chamberlain. William Hale. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Pope. Richard M. Johnson. Matthew Lyon. Samuel McKee. Philip Reed. Roger Nelson. 5 Samuel Ringgold. 6 Archibald Van Horn. John Brown. 7 Robert Wright. 8 MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Lloyd, jr. Josiah Quincy. Ebenezer Seaver. William Stedman. 11 Abijah Bigelow. 12 Samuel Taggart. Jabez Upham. 13 Joseph Allen. 14 Joseph B. Varnum. Laban Wheaton. Ezekiel Whitman. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. Nahum Parker. 15 Charles Cutts. 16 Nathaniel A. Haven. James Wilson. Aaron Kitchell. 17 John Condit. 18 Adam Boyd. James Cox. 19 John A. Scudder. 20 William Helms. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Lambert. Thomas Newbold. Henry Southard. Jacob Hufty. i Resigned December 18, 1809. a Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Buckner Thruston, and took his seat February 5, 1810. 'Resigned April 10, 1810, to become governor of Upper Louisiana. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Benjamin Howard, and took his seat December 13, 1810. * Resigned May 14, 1810. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Roger Nelson, and took his seat December 7, 1810. ' Resigned in 1810. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Brown, and took his seat December 3, 1810. Served until June 28, 1809; succeeded by Charles Turner jr., who contested his election. ' Successfully contested the election of William Baylies, and took his seat June 28, 1809. Resigned July 16, 1810. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Stedman, and took his seat December 14, 1810. "Resigned in 1810. H Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jabez Up- ham, and took his seat December 13, 1810. > 5 Resigned in 1810. is Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Nahum Parker, and took his seat December 4, 1810. ' Resigned March 12, 1809. 18 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Aaron Kitchell, and took his seat May 24, 1809; subsequently elected. is Died September 12, 1810. 80 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Cox, and took his seat December 3, 1810. 70 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Smith. James Emott. Jonathan Fisk. Barent Gardenier. Thomas R. Gold. Herman Knickerbacker. Robert Le Roy Livingston. Vincent Matthews. Samuel L. Mitchill. 1 Gurdon S. Mumford. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NORTH CAROLINA. James Turner. Willis Alston, jr. James Cochran. Meshack Franklin. James Holland. Thomas Kenan. William Kennedy Edward Tiffin. 2 Stanley Griswold. 3 Alexander Cambpell. 4 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. OHIO. SENATORS. Obadiah German. John Nicholson. Peter B. Porter. Erastus Root.. Ebenezer Sage. Thomas Sammons. John Thompson. Uri Tracy. Killian K. Van Rensselaer. Jesse Franklin. Nathaniel Macon. Archibald McBryde. Joseph Pearson. Lemuel Sawyer. Richard Stanford. John Stanly. Return J. Meigs, jr. 5 Thomas Worthington. REPRESENTATIVE. Jeremiah Morrow. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Andrew Gregg. William Anderson. David Bard. Robert Brown. William Crawford. William Findley. Daniel Heister. Robert Jenkins. Aaron Lyle. William Milnor. John Porter. REPRESENTATIVES. Michael Leib. John Rea. Matthias Richards. John Ross. Benjamin Say. 7 Adam Seybert. 8 John Smilie. George Smith. Samuel Smith. Robert Whitehill. RHODE ISLAND. Elisha Mathewson. Richard Jackson, jr. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Francis Malbone. 9 Christopher G. Champlin. 1 Elisha R. Potter. 1 Elected to fill vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1809, and took his seat December 4, 1810. William Deming was elected, but never qualified. * Resigned March 3, 1809. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward Tiffin, and took his seat June 2, 1809. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward Timn, and took his seat January 12, 1810. 5 Resigned May 1, 1810. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Return J. Meigs, jr., and took his seat January 8, 1811. ' Resigned June, 1809. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Benjamin Say, and took his seat .November '1, 1809. 9 Died June 4, 1809. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Francis Mai- bone, and took his seat January 12, 1810. ELEVENTH CONGRESS. 71 SOUTH CAROLINA. Thomas Sumter. 1 John Taylor. 2 Lemuel J. Alston. William Butler. Joseph Calhoun . Robert Marion. 3 Langdon Cheves. 4 Joseph Anderson. Pleasant M. Miller. John Rhea. Stephen R. Bradley. William Chamberlain. Martin Chittenden. William B. Giles. Burwell Basse tt. James Breckenridge. William A. Burwell. Matthew Clay. John Clopton. John G. Jackson. 8 William McKinley. 9 John Dawson. John W. Eppes. Thomas Gholson, jr. Peterson Goodwin. Edwin Gray. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Gaillard. Thomas Moore. John Taylor. 5 Richard Wynn. Robert Witherspoon. Daniel Smith. 6 Jenkins Whiteside. 7 Robert Weakley. Jonathan Robinson. Jonathan H. Hubbard. Samuel Shaw. Richard Brent. Walter Jones. Joseph Lewis, jr. John Love. Thomas Newton, jr. Wilson C. Nicholas. 10 David S. Garland." John Randolph. John Roane. Daniel Sheffey. John Smith. James Stephenson. Jacob Swoope. INDIANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Jonathan Jennings. 12 MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George Poindexter. TERRITORY OF ORLEANS. DELEGATE. Julian Poydras. 13 1 Resigned 1810. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas Sumter, and took his seatDecember 31, 1810. 3 Resigned December 4, 1811. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert Marion, and took his seat January 24. 1811. s Resigned December 31, 1810, having been elected Senator. 8 Resigned March 31, 1809. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Daniel Smith, and took his seat May 26, 1809. 8 Resigned September 28, 1810. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John G. Jackson, and took his seat December 21, 1810. 10 Resigned November 28, 1809. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Wilson C. Nicholas, and took his seat January 17, 1810. 18 Took his seat November 27, 1809; election unsuccessfully contested by Thomas Randolph. z 3 Took his seat May 31, 1809. MARCH 4, 1811, TO MARCH 3, 1813. FIRST SESSION November 4, 1811, to July 6, 1812. SECOND SESSION November 2, 1812, to March 3, 1813. VICE PBESIDENT George Clinton, 1 of New York. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE William H. Crawford, 2 of Georgia. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Henry Clay, of Kentucky. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Patrick Magruder, of Maryland. Chauncey Goodrich. Epaphroditus Champion. John Davenport, jr. Lyman Law. Jonathan O. Moseley. James A. Bayard, 2d 3 William H. Crawford. William W. Bibb. Howell Cobb. 4 William Barnett. 5 John Pope. Henry Clay. Josepn Desha. Richard M. Johnson. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Henry M. Ridgeley. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. KENTUCKY. Samuel W. Dana. Timothy Pitkin, jr. Lewis B. Sturgis. Benjamin Tallmadge. Outerbridge Horsey. Charles Tait. Boiling Hall. George M. Troup. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George M. Bibb. Samuel McKee. Anthony New. Stephen Ormsby. i Died April 20, 1812. Elected March 24, 1812. Resigned March 3, 1813. 72 4 Resigned in 1812. to accept a captain's commission in U. S. Army. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Howell Cobb, and took his seat November 27, 1812. TWELFTH CONGRESS. LOUISIANA. 1 SENATORS. 73 Allan B. Magruder. 2 Thomas Posey. 3 James Brown. 4 REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas Boiling Robertson. 5 MARYLAND. SENATORS. Samuel Smith. Stevenson Archer. Charles W. Goldsborough. Joseph Kent. Philip B. Key. Peter Little. James Lloyd, jr. Ezekiel Bacon. Abijah Bigelow. Elijah Brigham. Francis Carr. 8 Richard Cutts. William Ely. Isaiah L. Green. Josiah Quincy. Nicholas Gilman. Josiah Bartlett, jr. Samuel Dinsmoor. Obed Hall. John Lambert. Adam Boyd. Lewis Condit. Jacob Hufty. John Smith. Daniel Avery. Harrmanus Bleecker. Thomas B. Cook. James Emott. Asa Fitch. Thomas R. Gold. Robert Le Roy Livingston. 7 Thomas P. Grosvenor. 8 Arunah Metcalf. REPRESENTATIVES. Philip Reed. Alexander McKim. Samuel Ringgold. Philip Stuart. Robert Wright. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph B. Varnum. William Reed. William M. Richardson. Ebenezer Seaver. Samuel Taggart. Peleg Tallman. Charles Turner, jr. Laban Wheaton. Leonard White. William Widgery. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Cutte. John A. Harper. George Sullivan. John Condit. George C. Maxwell. James Morgan . Thomas Newbold. Obadiah German. Samuel L. Mitchill. William Paulding, jr. Benjamin Pond. Peter B. Porter. Ebenezer Sage. Thomas Sammons. Silas Stow. Uri Tracy. Pierre Van Cortlandt, jr. Admitted as a State into the Union April 8, 1812. s Took his seat November 18, 1812; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1813. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by the declination (Octo- ber 1, 1812) of the Senator-elect, John N. Destre'han, to serve, and took his seat December 7, 1812; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1817. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by declination of John N. Destrehan to serve, and took his seat February 5, 1813. 6 Took his seat December 23, 1812. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by failure of Barzillai Gan- nett to qualify, and took his seat June 3, 1812. i Resigned May 6, 1812. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert Le Roy Livingston, and took his seat January 29, 1813. CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NORTH CAROLINA. James Turner. Willis Alston. William Blacklege. Thomas Blount. 1 William Kennedy. 2 James Cochran. Meshack Franklin. William R. King. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse Franklin. Nathaniel Macon. Archibald McBryde. Joseph Pearson. Israel Pickens. Lemuel Sawyer. Richard Stanford. OHIO. Alexander Campbell. Andrew Gregg. William Anderson. David Bard. Robert Brown. William Crawford. Roger Davis. William Findley. John M. Hyneman. Abner Lacock. Joseph Lefever. Christopher G. Champlin. 4 William Hunter. 8 Richard Jackson, jr. John Gaillard. William Butler. John C. Calhoun. Langdon Cheves. Elias Earle. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Jeremiah Morrow. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Worthington. Michael Leib. Aaron Lyle. James Milnor. William Piper. Jonathan Roberts. William Rodman. Adam Seybert. John Smilie. 3 George Smith. Robert Whitehill. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jeremiah B. Howell. Elisha R. Potter. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. TENNESSEE. John Taylor. William Lowndes. Thomas Moore. David R. Williams. Richard Wynn. Joseph Anderson. Felix Grundy. John Sevier. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jenkins Whiteside. 6 George W. Campbell. 7 John Rhea. i Died February 7, 1812. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas Blount and took his seat January 30, 1813. Died December 29, 1812. Resigned October 2, 1811. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Christopher G. Champlin, and took his seat November 25, 1811. Resigned October 8, 1811. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jenkins Whiteside, and took his seat November 4, 1811. TWELFTH CONGRESS. 75 Stephen R. Bradley. Martin Chittenden. James Fisk. William B. Giles. Burwell Bassett. James Breckenridge. William A. Burwell. Matthew Clay. John Clopton. John Dawson. Thomas Gholson. Peterson Goodwin. Edwin Gray. Aylett Hawes. John P. Hungerford. 1 John Taliaferro. 2 VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan Robinson. Samuel Shaw. William Strong. Richard Brent. John Baker. Joseph Lewis, jr. William McCoy. Hugh Nelson. Thomas Newton, jr. James Pleasants, jr. John Randolph. John Roane. Daniel Sheffey. John Smith. Thomas Wilson. ILLINOIS TERRITORY. 3 DELEGATE. Shadrack Bond. 4 INDIANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Jonathan Jennings. MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. George Poindexter. TERRITORY OF MISSOURI. DELEGATE. Edward Hempstead. 6 i Served until November 29, 1811; succeeded by John Talia. ferro, who contested his election. 1 Successfully contested the election of John P. Hungerford, and took his seat December 2, 1811. 3 Formed from a portion of Indiana Territory and from lands originally ceded to the United States by the State of Virginia, February 3, 1809. Took his seat December 3, 1812. 5 Formed June 4, 1812, from Territory theretofore known as Louisiana and ceded by France to the United States by the treaty of Paris of April 30, 1803. Took his seat January 4, 1813. THIRTEENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1813, TO MARCH 3, 1815. FIRST SESSION May 24, 1813, to August 2, 1813. SECOND SESSION December 6, 1813, to April 18, 1814. THIRD SESSION September 19, 1814, to March 3, 1815. VICE PRESIDENT Elbridge Gerry, 1 of Massachusetts. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Joseph B. Varnum, 2 of Massachusetts; John Gaillard, 3 of South Carolina. SEC- RETARIES OF THE SENATE Samuel A. Otis, of Massachusetts ; Charles Cutts, 4 of New Hampshire. SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE Henry Clay, of Kentucky; Langdon Cheves, 5 of South Carolina. CLERKS OF THE HOUSE Patrick Magruder, of Maryland; Thomas Dougherty, 7 of Kentucky. Chauncey Goodrich. 8 David Daggett. 9 Epaphroditus Champion. John Davenport, jr. Lyman Law. Jonathan 0. Moseley. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. Samuel W. Dana. Timothy Pitkin. Lewis B. Sturgis. Benjamin Tallmadge. Outerbridge Horsey. Thomas Cooper. William H. Crawford. 11 William B. Bulloch. 12 William W. Bibb. 13 William Barnett. William W. Bibb. 1 * Alfred Cuthbert. 15 John Forsyth. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Wells. 10 Henry M. Ridgeley. Charles Tait. Boiling Hall. Thomas Telfair. George M. Troup. i Died November 23, 1814. Elected December 6, 1813. s Elected April 18, 1814; November 25, 1814, upon the death of the Vice President, Elbridge Gerry. 4 Elected October 11, 1814, to fill vacancy caused by death of Samuel A. Otis. 5 Elected January 19, 1814, to fill vacancy caused by resigna- tion of Henry Clay, on the same day. 6 Resigned January 28, 1815, while resolution was pending to remove him from office and to elect a successor. ' Elected January 30, 1815. 8 Resigned in 1813. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Chauncey Goodrich, and took his seat May 24, 1813. 76 i Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James A. Bayard, 2d, in preceding Congress, and took his seat June 10, 1813. Resigned March 23, 1813. i' Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William H. Crawford, and took his seat May 24, 1813. 18 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William H. Crawford, and took his seat December 6, 1813. n Resigned November 6, 1813, having been elected Senator. >5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William W. Bibb, and took his seat February 7, 1814. THIRTEENTH CONGRESS. 77 KENTUCKY. George M. Bibb. 1 George Walker. 2 William T. Barry. 8 James Clark. Henry Clay. 6 Joseph H. Hawkins. 7 Joseph Desha. William P. Duval. Samuel Hopkins. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse Bledsoe. 4 Isham Talbot. 5 Richard M. Johnson. Samuel McKee. Thomas Montgomery. Stephen Ormsby. 8 Solomon P. Sharp. LOUISIANA. James Brown. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas B. Robertson. MARYLAND. Elegius Fromentin. Samuel Smith. SENATORS. Robert H. Goldsborough. REPRESENTATIVES. Stevenson Archer. Charles W. Goldsborough. Alexander C. Hanson. Joseph Kent. Alexander Me Kim. James Lloyd. 9 Christopher Gore. 10 William Baylies. Abijah Bigelow. George Bradbury, Portland. Elijah Brigham. William M. Richardson. 11 Samuel Dana. 12 Samuel Davis, Bath. Daniel Dewey. 13 John W. Hulbert. 14 William Ely. LeviHubbard. Nicholas R. Moore. Samuel Ringgold. Philip Stuart. Robert Wright. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph B. Varnum. Cyrus King, Saco. James Parker. Timothy Pickering. John Reed. William Reed. Nathaniel Rugglea. Samuel Taggart. Artemas Ward, jr. Laban Wheaton. John Wilson. Abiel Wood, Wiscaaset. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Nicholas Gilman. 15 Thomas W. Thompson. 18 Bradbury Cilley. William Hale. Samuel Smith. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Cutts. 17 Jeremiah Mason. 18 Roger Vose. Daniel Webster. Jeduthan Wilcox. Resigned August 23, 1814. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George M. Bibb, and took his seat October 10, 1814. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George M. Bibb, and took his seat February 2, 1815. Resigned December 24, 1814. In response to personal in- quiry, Senate passed resolution January 20, 1815, declaring seat vacant. (See Senate Election Cases, edition of 1903, p. 175.) 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jesse Bled- soe, and took his seat February 2, 1815. 6 Resigned January 19, 1814, to accept "special and important diplomatic mission." * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry Clay, and took his seat March 29, 1814. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Simp- son, prior to the convening of the Congress, and took his seat May 24, 1813. Resigned May 1, 1813. i Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Lloyd, and took his seat May 28, 1813; subsequently elected. " Resigned April 8, 1814. ls Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William M. Richardson, and took his seat September 22, 1814. >* Resigned February 24, 1814, having been appointed justice of supreme judicial court of Massachusetts. l < Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Daniel Dewey, and took his seat September 26, 1814. is Died May 2, 1814. > Elected to fill vacancy caused by deathof Nicholas Gilman and took his seat September 19, 1814. "Appointed to fill vacancy in term commencing March 3, 1813, there having been no election, and took his seat May 24, 1813. is Elected to fill vacancy in term commencing MarchS, 1813, and took his seat June 21, 1813. 78 CONGEESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Lambert. Lewis Condit. William Coxe. Jacob Hufty. 1 Thomas Bines. 2 NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. John Condit. James Schureman. Richard Stockton. Thomas Ward. Obadiah German. Daniel A very. Egbert Benson. 3 William Irving. 4 John M. Bowers. 6 Isaac Williams, jr. 8 Alexander Boyd. Oliver C. Comstock. Peter Denoyelles. Jonathan Fisk. James Geddes. Thomas P. Grosvenor. Abraham Hasbrouck. Samuel M. Hopkins. Nathaniel Howell. Moss Kent. James Turner. Willis Alston. John Culpeper. Peter Forney. Meshack Franklin. William Gaston. William Kennedy. William R. King. Thomas Worthington. Joseph Kerr. 9 John Alexander. Reazin Beall. 10 David Clendenen. 11 James Caldwell. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Rufus King. John Lefferts. John Lovett. Jacob Markell. Morris S. Miller. Hosea Moffit. Thomas J. Oakley. Jotham Post, jr. Ebenezer Sage. Samuel Sherwood. Zebulon R. Shipherd. William S. Smith. John W. Taylor. Joel Thompson. Elisha J. Winter. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. OHIO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. David Stone. 7 Nathaniel Macon. William H. Murfee. Joseph Pearson. Israel Pickens. Richard Stanford. Bartlett Yancy. Jeremiah Morrow. William Creighton, jr. James Kilbourn. John McLean. 1 Died May 20, 1814. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Jacob Hufty, and took his seat November 2, 1814. s Resigned August 2, 1813. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Egbert Benson, and took his seat January 22. 1814. 6 Took his seat June 21, 1813; served until December 20, 1813; succeeded by Isaac Williams, jr., who contested his election. 6 Successfully contested the election of John M. Bowers, and took his seat January 24, 1814. 7 Resigned in 1814. Francis Ixxske was appointed to fill vacancy thus caused, but never qualified or took his seat. 8 Resigned December 14, 1814. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas Worthington, and took his seat December 30, 1814. 10 Resigned in November, 1814. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Beazin Beall, and took his seat December 22, 1814. THIRTEENTH CONGRESS. 79 Michael Leib. 1 Jonathan Roberts. 2 William Anderson. David Bard. Robert Brown. John Conrad. William Crawford. John Gloninger. 3 Edward Crouch. 4 Roger Davis. William Findley. Hugh Glasgow. Isaac Griffin. Jonathan Roberts. s Samuel Henderson. 6 Charles J. Ingersoll. Jeremiah B. Howell. Richard Jackson, jr. John Gaillard. John C. Calhoun. John J. Chappell. Langdon Cheves. Elias Earle. David R. Evans. Joseph Anderson. John H. Bowen. Felix Grundy. 13 Newton Cannon. 14 Thomas K. Harris. 15 Jonathan Robinson. William C. Bradley. Ezra Butler.- James Fisk. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Abner Lacock. Samuel D. Ingham. Jared Irwin. Aaron Lyle. William Piper. John Rea. Adam Seybert. Isaac Smith. Adamson Tannehill. John M. Hyneman. 7 Daniel Udree. 8 James Whitehill. 9 Amos Slaymaker. 10 Thomas Wilson, Erie. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Hunter. Elisha R. Potter. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Taylor. Samuel Farrow. Theodore Gourdin. John Kershaw. William Lowndes. George W. Campbell. n Jesse Wharton. 12 Perry W. Humphreys. John Rhea. John Sevier. Dudley Chase. Charles Rich. Richard Skinner. William Strong. 1 Resigned February 14, 1814, to become postmaster of Philadelphia. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Michael Leib, and took his seat February 28, 1814. 3 Resigned August 2, 1813. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Gloninger, and took his seat December 6. 1813. 6 Resigned February 24, 1814, having been elected Senator. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jonathan Roberts, and fook his seat November 29, 1814. ' Resigned in 1813. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John M. Hyneman, and took his seat December 6, 1813. Resigned September 1, 1814. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Whitehill, and took his seat December 12, 1814. Resigned February 11, 1814. . 12 Appointed to fill vacancy in term commencing March 4, 1811, caused by resignation of George W. Campbell, and took his seat April 9, 1814. 13 Resigned in 1814. 14 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Felix Grundy, and took his seat October 15, 1814. " Election unsuccessfully contested by William Kelly. 80 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. William B. Giles. 1 Thomas M. Bayly. 4 James Breckenridge. William A. Burwell. Hugh Caperton. John Clopton. John Dawson. 5 Philip P. Barbour. John W. Eppes. Thomas Gholson. Peterson Goodwin. Aylett Hawes. John P. Hungerford. 7 Shadrack Bond. 8 VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Brent. 2 James Barbour. 3 Edward Hempstead. 1 John G. Jackson. James Johnson. John Kerr. Joseph Lewis, jr. William McCoy. Hugh Nelson. Thomas Newton, jr. James Pleasants, jr. John Roane. Daniel Sheffey. John Smith. Francis White. ILLINOIS TERRITORY. DELEGATES. Benjamin Stephenson. 9 INDIANA TERRITORY. Jonathan Jennings. DELEGATE. MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William Lattimore. 10 TERRITORY OF MISSOURI. DELEGATES. Rufus Easton. 12 1 Resigned March 3, 1815. 2 Died December 30, 1814. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Richard Brent, and took his seat January 11, 1815. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by Burwell Bassett. 6 Died March 30, 1814. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Dawson, and took his seat September 19, 1814. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by John Taliaferro. Resigned September 29, 1814. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Shadrack Bond, and took his seat November 14, 1814. 10 Took his seat December 6, 1813. " Took his seat June 10, 1813. i* Took his seat November 16, 1814. FOURTEENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1815, TO MARCH 3, 1817. FIRST SESSION December 4, 1815, to April 30, 1816. SECOND SESSION December 2, 1816, to March 3, 1817. VICE PRESIDENT PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE John Gaillard, of South Carolina. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Charles Cutts, of New Hampshire. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Henry Clay, of Kentucky. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Thomas Dougherty, of Kentucky. Samuel W. Dana. Epaphroditus Champion. John Davenport, jr. Lyman Law. Jonathan 0. Moseley. Outerbridge Horsey. Thomas Clayton. Charles Tait. Alfred Cuthbert.* Zadock Cook. 5 John Forsy th. Boiling Hall. James Noble. 7 CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . David Daggett. Timothy Pitkin. Lewis B. Sturgis. Benjamin Tallmadge. William H. Wella. Thomas Cooper. William W. Bibb. 2 George M. Troup. 3 Wilson Lumpkin. Thomas Telfair. Richard Henry Wilde. INDIANA. 6 SENATORS REPRESENTATIVE. William Hendricks. 9 Waller Taylor. 1 Vice President Elbridge Gerry died in preceding Congress. * Resigned November 9, 1816. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William W. Bibb, and took his seat December 12, 1816. Resigned in 1816. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Alfred Cuth- bert, and took his seat January 23, 1817. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 6 Admitted as a State Into the Union December 11, 1816. * Took his seat December 12, 1816; term to expire, as de- termined by lot, March 3, 1821. 8 Took his seat December 12, 1816; term to expire, as de- termined by lot, March 3, 1819. Took his seat December 2, 1816. 81 82 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. William T. Barry. 1 Martin D. Hardin. 2 James Clark. 1 Thomas Fletcher. 3 Henry Clay. Joseph Desha. Benjamin Hardin. Richard M. Johnson. James Brown. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Isham Talbot. Alney McLean. Samuel McKee. Stephen Ormsby. Solomon P. Sharpe. Micah Taul. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas B. Robertson. MARYLAND. Elegius Fromentin. Robert H. Goldsborough. Stevenson Archer. George Baer. Charles W. Goldsborough. John C. Herbert. William Pinkney. 8 Peter Little. 7 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert G. Harper. 4 Alexander C. Hanson.* Alexander C. Hanson. 8 George Peter. 9 Samuel Smith. 10 Philip Stuart. Robert Wright. MASSACHUSETTS. Joseph B. Varnum. William Baylies. George Bradbury. Elijah Brigham. 13 Benjamin Adams. 14 Benjamin Brown. James Carr. Samuel S. Conner. John W. Hulburt. Cyrus King. Elijah H. Mills. Jeremiah Nelson. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Christopher Gore. 11 Eli P. Ashmun. 12 Albion K. Parris. Timothy Pickering. John Reed. Thomas Rice. Nathaniel Ruggles. Asahel Stearns. Solomon Strong. Samuel Taggart. Artemus Ward, jr. Laban Wheaton. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Jeremiah Mason. Charles H. Atherton. Bradbury Cilley. William Hale. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas W. Thompson. Roger Vose. Daniel Webster. Jeduthan Wilcox. i Resigned in 1816. 5 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Wil- liam T. Barry, and took his seat December 5, 1816; subse- quently elected. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Clark, and took his seat December 2, 1816. 4 Elected to serve " from January 29, 1816, to March 3, 1821," and took his seat February 5, 1816; resigned December 6, 1816. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert G. Harper, and took his seat January 2, 1817. Took his seat January 8, 1816; resigned April 18, 1816, having been appointed minister to Russia. 7 Elected to nil vacancy caused by resignation of William Pinkney, and took his seat December 2, 1816. 8 Resigned November, 1816, having been elected Senator. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Alexander C. Hanson, and took his seat December 2, 1816. "> Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Nicholas R. Moore, prior to the convening of Congress, and took his seat February 4, 1816. " Resigned May 30, 1816. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Christopher Gore, and took his seat December 2," 1816. 13 Died February 2, 1816. 14 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Elijah Brigham, and took his seat December 2, 1816. ' FOURTEENTH CONGRESS. 83 John Condit. Ezra Baker. Ephrairn Bateman. Benjamin Bennet. Rufus King. Asa Adgate. Enos T. Throop. 1 Daniel Avery. 2 Samuel R. Betts. James Birdsall. Victory Birdseye. Micah Brooks. Jonathan Fisk. 3 Daniel Cady. Oliver C. Comstock. Henry Crocheron. Thomas R. Gold. Thomas P. Grosvenor. Jabez D. Hammond. William Irving. Moss Kent. James Turner. 9 Montfort Stokes. 10 Joseph H. Bryan. James W. Clark. John Culpeper. Nathaniel Macon. 12 Weldon N. Edwards. 13 Daniel M. Forney. William Gaston. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James J. Wilson. Lewis Condit. Henry Southard. Thomas Ward. Nathan Sanford. John Lovett. Hosea Moffit. Peter B. Porter. 4 Archibald S. Clarke. 6 John Adams. 6 Erastus Root. 7 John Savage. Abraham H. Schenck. John W. Taylor. George Townsend. Jonathan Ward. Peter H. Wendpver. James W. Wilkin. Westel Willoughby, jr. 8 John B. Yates. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel Macon. 11 William R. King. 34 Charles Hooks. 15 William C. Love. William H. Murfree. Israel Pickens. Richard Stanford. 18 Samuel Dickens. 17 Lewis Williams. Bartlett Yancy. OHIO. Jeremiah Morrow. John Alexander. James Caldwell. David Clendenen. William Creighton, jr. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Ruggles. James Kilbourn. John McLean. 18 William Henry Harrison. 19 1 Resigned June, 1816. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Enos T. Throop, and took his seat December 3, 1816. 3 Resigned in June, 1815, before the assembling of the Con- gress. 4 Resigned January 23, 1816. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Peter B. Porter, and took his seat December 2, 1816. Served until December 20, 1815; succeeded by Erastus Root, who contested his election. 7 Successfully contested the election of John Adams, and took his seat December 26, 1815. 8 Successfully contested the election of William S. Smith, and took his seat December 13, 1815. (Mr. Smith did not appear or claim the seat, although credentials had been presented.) 8 Resigned November 21, 1816. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Tur- ner, and took his seat December 16, 1816. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of David Stone in preceding Congress and the refusal of Francis Locke to serve, and took his seat December 13. 1815. 12 Resigned December, 1815, having been elected Senator. 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Nathaniel Macon, and took his seat February 7, 1816. K Resigned November 4, 1816. l * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William R. King, and took his seat December 2, 1816. ' Died April 9, 1816. 17 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Richard Stan- ford, and took his seat December 2, 1816. 18 Resigned in 1816. 1 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John McLean, and took his seat December 2, 1816. 84 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. PENNSYLVANIA. Abner Lacock. Thomas Burnside. 1 William P. Maclay. 2 William Crawford. William Darlington. Jonathan Williams. 3 William Findley. 4 Hugh Glasgow. Isaac Griffin. John Hahn. Joseph Heister. Joseph Hopkinson. Samuel D. Ingham. Jeremiah B. Howell. John L. Boss, jr. John Gaillard. John J. Chappell. Benjamin Huger. William Lowndes. William Mayrant. 7 Stephen D. Miller. 8 George W. Campbell. 9 William G. Blount. Newton Cannon. Bennett H. Henderson. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan Roberts. Jared Irwin. William Maclay. William Milnor. William Piper. John Ross. John Sergeant. Thomas Smith. James Wallace. John Whiteside. Thomas Wilson. William Wilson. Aaron Lyle. William Hunter. James B. Mason. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. John Taylor. 5 William Smith. 8 John C. Calhoun. Henry Middleton. Thomas Moore. John Taylor. William Woodward. Jesse Wharton. John Williams. 10 Samuel Powel. James B. Reynolds. Isaac Thomas. Dudley Chase. Daniel Chipman." Luther Jewett. Chauncey Langdon. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac Tichenor. Asa Lyon. Charles Marsh. John Noyes. i Resigned in April, 1816. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas Burnside, and took his seat December 3, 1816. * Died May 16, 1815, before the assembling of Congress. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of Jonathan Williams and took his seat December, 1816. 5 Resigned in 1816. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Taylor, and took his seat January 10, 1817. i Resigned October 21, 1816. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Mayrant, and took his seat January 2, 1817. 9 Elected for the term commencing March 4, 1815, and took his seat December 4, 1815; vacancy from March 4, 1815, to October 10. 1815. 10 Elected to fill vacancy in term ending March 3, 1817, caused by resignation of George W. Campbell from this class in the preceding Congress (Jesse Wharton having served by appoint- mentfrom April 9, 1814, to October 10, 1815), and took his seat December 4, 1815. 11 Resigned May 5, 1816. FOURTEENTH CONGRESS. 85 Armistead T. Mason. 1 Philip P. Barbour. Burwell Bassett. James Breckenridge. William A. Burwell. John Clopton. 2 John Tyler. 3 Peterson Goodwin. Aylett Hawes. John P. Hungerford. John G. Jackson. James Johnson. John Kerr. Joseph Lewis, jr. Benjamin Stephenson. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Scott. 8 James Barbour. William McCoy. 4 Hugh Nelson. Thomas Gholson. 5 Thomas M. Nelson. 6 Thomas Newton, jr. James Pleasants, jr. John Randolph. William H. Roane. Daniel Sheffey. Ballard Smith. Magnus Tate. Henry St. George Tucker. ILLINOIS TERRITORY. DELEGATES. Nathaniel Pope. 7 INDIANA TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Jonathan Jennings. MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. DELEGATE. William Lattimore. TERRITORY OF MISSOURI. DELEGATES. Rufus Easton. 9 i Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William B. Giles in preceding Congress, and took his seat January 22, 1816. * Died September 11, 1816. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Clopton, and took his seat December 17, 1816. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Robert Porterfleld. Died July 4, 1816. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas Ghol- son, and took his seat December 4, 1816. i Took his seat December 2, 1816. 8 Served until January 13, 1817; succeeded by Rums Easton, who contested his election. s Successfully contested the election of John Scott, and took his seat January 13, 1817. FIFTEENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1817, TO MARCH 3, 1819. FIRST SESSION December 1, 1817, to April 20, 1818. SECOND SESSION November 16, 1818, to March 3, 1819. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1817, to March 6, 1817. VICE PRESIDENT Daniel D. Tompkins, of New York. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE John Gaillard,' of South Carolina; James Barbour, 2 of Virginia. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Charles Cutts, of New Hampshire. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Henry Clay, of Kentucky. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Thomas Dougherty, of Kentucky. Samuel W. Dana. 3 Uriel Holmes. 4 Sylvester Gilbert. 5 Ebenezer Huntington. Jonathan O. Moseley. Outerbridge Horsey. Willard Hall. Charles Tait. Joel Abbot. Thomas W. Cobb. Zadock Cook. Joel Crawford. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. David Daggett. Timothy Pitkin. Samuel B. Sherwood. Nathaniel Terry. Thomas S. Williams. Nicholas Van Dyke. Louis McLane. George M. Troup. 6 John Forsyth. 7 John Forsyth. 8 Robert Raymond Reid. 9 William Terrill. i Continuing from preceding session; elected March 6, 1817 (special session of the Senate); March 31, 1818. Elected February 15, 1819. The rule requiring Senators to stand when addressing the Chair was suspended in his favor April 9, 1818. Resigned in 1818. & Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Urie Holmes, and took his seat November 16, 1818. 86 8 Resigned September 23, 1818. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George M. Troup, and took his seat November 23, 1818; resigned Feb- ruary 17, 1819. 8 Resigned November 23, 1818, having been elected Senator, a Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John For- syth, and took his seat February 18, 1819. FIFTEENTH CONGRESS. Jesse B. Thomas. 2 James Noble. Isham Talbot. Richard C. Anderson, jr. Henry Clay. Joseph Desha. Richard M. Johnson. Anthony New. Eligius Fromentin. Thomas B. Robertson. 8 Robert H. Goldsborough. Thomas Bayly. Thomas Culbreth. John C. Herbert. Peter Little. George Peter. Eli P. Ashmun. 10 Prentiss Mellen. 11 ILLINOIS. 1 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. John McLean. 4 INDIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. William Hendricks. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Ninian Edwards. 3 Waller Taylor. LOUISIANA. vSENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John J. Cri'ttenden. 5 Tunstall Quarles, jr. George Robertson. Thomas Speed. David Trimble. David Walker. William C. C. Claiborne. Henry Johnson. 7 Thomas Butler. 9 Alexander C. Hanson. Philip Reed. Samuel Ringgold. Samuel Smith. Philip Stuart. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Harrison Gray Otis. 1 Admitted as a State into the Union December 3, 1818. 2 Took his seat December 4, 1818; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1823. 3 Took his seat December 4, 1818; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1819. Took his seat December 4, 1818. s Resigned March 3, 1819. Died November 23, 1817. Never qualified. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William C. C. Claiborne, and took his seat February 26, 1818. 8 Resigned April 20, 1818. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas B. Robertson, and took his seat November 16, 1818. 10 Resigned May 10, 1818. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Eli P. Ash- mun, and took his seat November 16, 1818. 88 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Adams. Samuel C. Allen. Walter Folger, jr. Timothy Fuller. Joshua Gage. John Holmes. Albion K. Paris. 1 Enoch Lincoln. 2 Jonathan Mason. Elijah H. Mills. Marcus Morton. Walter Leake. 4 Jeremiah Mason. 7 Clement Storer. 8 Josiah Butler. Clifton Clagett. Salma Hale. Jeremiah Nelson. Benjamin Orr. Thomas Rice. Nathaniel Ruggles. Zabdiel Sampson. Henry Shaw. Nathaniel Silsbee. Solomon Strong. Ezekiel Whitman. John Wilson. MISSISSIPPI. 3 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. George Poindexter. 6 NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Thomas H. Williams. 5 REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. David L. Morrill Arthur Livermore. John F. Parrott. Nathaniel Upham. James J. Wilson. Ephraim Bateman. Benjamin Bennet. Joseph Bloomfield. Rufus King. Oliver C. Comstock. Daniel Cruger. John P. Cushman. John R. Drake. Benjamin Ellicott. Josiah Hasbrouck. John Herkimer. Thomas H. Hubbard. William Irving. 9 Dorrance Kirtland. Thomas Lawyer. David A. Ogden. John Palmer. James Porter. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Mahlon Dickerson. Charles Kinsey. John Linn. Henry Southard. Nathan Sanford. John Savage. Philip J. Schuyler. Treadwell Scudder. John C. Spencer. Henry R. Storrs. James Tallmadge, jr. John W. Taylor. Caleb Tomkins. George Townsend. Peter H. Wendover. Rensselaer Westerlo. James W. Wilkin. Isaac Williams. 1 Resigned February 3, 1818. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Albion K. Parris, and took his seat November 16, 1818. Admitted as a State into the Union December 10, 1817. 4 Took his seat December 11, 1817; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1821. 6 Took his seat December 11, 1817; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1823. Took his seat December 15, 1817. * Resigned June 16, 1817. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jeremiah Mason, and took his seat December 1, 1817. 9 Resigned April 20, 1818. FIFTEENTH CONGRESS. 89 NORTH CAROLINA. Nathaniel Macon. Joseph H. Bryan. Weldon N. Edwards. Daniel M. Forney. 1 William Davidson. 2 Thomas H. Hall. George Mumford. 3 Charles Fisher. 4 James Owen. Jeremiah Morrow. Levi Barber. Philemon Beecher. John W. Campbell. Abner Lacock. William Anderson. Henry Baldwin. Andrew Bpden. Isaac Darlington. Joseph Hiester. Joseph Hopkinson. Samuel D. Ingham. 6 Samuel Moore. 7 William Maclay. William P. Maclay. David Marchand. Robert Moore. John Murray. William Hunter. John L. Boss, jr. John Gaillard. Joseph Bellinger. Elias Earle. James Erwin. William Lowndes. Henry Middleton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Montfort Stokes. Lemuel Sawyer. Thomas Settle. Jesse Slocumb. James S. Smith. James Stewart. Felix Walker. Louis Williams. OHIO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Ruggles. William Henry Harrison. Samuel Herrick. 5 Peter Hitchcock. Jonathan Roberts. Alexander Ogle. Thomas Patterson. Levi Pawling. John Ross. 8 Thomas J. Rogers. 8 John Sergeant. Adam Seybert. Jacob Spangler. 10 Jacob Hostetter. 11 Christian Tarr. James Wallace. John Whiteside. William Wilson. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . James Burrill, jr. James B. Mason. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Smith. Stephen D. Miller. Wilson Nesbitt. Eldred Simkins. 12 Starling Tucker. i Resigned in 1818. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Daniel M. Forney, and took his seat December 2, 1818. s Died December 31, 1818. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George Mumford, and took his seat February 11, 1819. 5 Election unsuccessfully contested by Charles Hammond. This case was one of a number in the same Congress that have been frequently referred to as determining the rights of a Representative-elect to hold a Federal office after the 4th of March the day of the beginning of the congressional term to which they were elected. They are reported at length in Clark & Hall's publication, and also in the Digest of House Election Cases, edition of 1901, pp. 70-74. Resigned July 6, 1818. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel D. Ingham, and took his seat November 16, 1818. 8 Resigned February 24, 1818. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Ross, and took his seat March 24, 1818. i" Resigned April 20, 1818. " Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jacob Spangler, and took his seat November 16, 1818. 12 Resigned November 3, 1817. 90 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. George W. Campbell. 1 John H. Eaton .2 William G. Blount. Thomas Claiborne. Samuel Hogg. Dudley Chase. 3 James Fisk. 4 William A. Palmer. 5 Heman Allen. 6 Samuel C. Crafts. William Hunter. James Barbour. Archibald Austin. William Lee Ball. Philip P. Barbour. Burwell Bassett. William A. Burwell. Edward Colston. John Floyd. Robert S. Garnett. Peterson Goodwin. 7 John Pegram. 8 James Johnson. William J. Lewis TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Williams. Francis Jones. George W. L. Marr. John Rhea. Isaac Tichenor. Orsamus C. Merrill. Charles Rich. Mark Richards. John W. Eppes. William McCoy. Charles F. Mercer. Hugh Nelson. Thomas M. Nelson. Thomas Newton, jr. James Pindall. James Pleasants. Ballard Smith. Alexander Smyth. George F. Strother. Henry St. George Tucker John Tyler. ALABAMA TERRITORY. 9 DELEGATE. John Crowell. 10 ILLINOIS TERRITORY DELEGATE. Nathaniel Pope. TERRITORY OF MISSOURI. DELEGATE. John Scott. 1 Resigned, to take effect at the close of the ensuing session (April 20, 1818), to become Minister to Russia. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George W. Campbell, and took his seat November 16, 1818; subse- quently elected. Resigned November 3, 1817, to become chief judge of the supreme court of Vermont. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Dudley Chase, and took his seat December 1, 1817; resigned January 8, 1818. & Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignations of Dudley Chace and James Fisk, and took his seat November 16, 1818. 6 Resigned, to take effect April 20, 1818. ' Died February 21, 1818. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Peterson Good- win, and took his seat November 16, 1818. 9 Formed from a portion of Mississippi Territory and from lands originally ceded to the United States by the states of Georgia and South Carolina, by act of March 3, 1817; granted a Delegate in Congress by the same act. 10 Took his seat March 9, 1818. SIXTEENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1819, TO MARCH 3, 1821. FIRST SESSION December 6, 1819, to May 15, 1820. SECOND SESSION November 13, 1820, to March 3, 1821. VICE PRESIDENT Daniel D. Tompkins, of New York. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRQ TEMPORE James Harbour, of Virginia; John Gaillard, 1 of South Carolina. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Charles Cutts, of New Hampshire. SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE Henry Clay, 2 of Kentucky ; John W. Taylor, 3 of New York. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Thomas Dougherty, of Kentucky. ALABAMA. 4 SENATORS. John W. Walker, 5 Huntsville. William R. King, 6 Cahawba. REPRESENTATIVE. John Crowell, 7 St. Stephens. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Samuel W. Dana, Middletown. James Lanman, Norwich. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry W. Edwards, New Haven. John Russ, Hartford. Samuel A. Foot, Cheshire. James Stevens, Stamford. Jonathan O. Moseley, East Haddam. Gideon Tomlinson, Fairfield. Elisha Phelps, Simsbury. DELAWARE. SENATORS.- Outerbridge Horsey, Wilmington. Nicholas Van Dyke, Newcastle. REPRESENTATIVES. Willard Hall, 8 Dover. Louis McLane, Wilmington. i Elected January 25, 1820. 'Took his seat December 22,1819; term to expire, as de- Resigned as Speaker October 28, 1820. termined by lot, March 3, 1823. ' Elected November 15, 1820. 7 Took his seat December 14, 1819. Admitted as a State into the Union December 14, 1819. 8 Resigned January 22, 1821. 5 Took his seat December 14, 1819; term to expire, as de- termined by lot, March 3, 1825. 91 92 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. GEORGIA. SENATORS. John Elliott, Sunbury. Freeman Walker, 1 Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. Joel Abbot, Washington. John A. Cuthbert, Eatonton. Thomas W. Cobb, Lexington. Robert R. Reid, Augusta. Joel Crawford, Milledgeville William Terrill, Sparta. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Jesse B. Thomas, Edwardsville. Ninian Edwards, Edwardsville. REPRESENTATIVE. Daniel P. Cook, Kaskaskia. INDIANA. SENATORS. James Noble, Brookville. Waller Taylor, Vincennes. REPRESENTATIVE . William Hendricks. Madison. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Richard M. Johnson, 2 Great Crossings. William Logan. 8 Isham Talbot, 4 Frankfort. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard C. Anderson, jr., Louisville. Thomas Metcalfe, Carlisle. William Brown, Cynthiana. Tunstall Quarles. 7 Henry Clay, Lexington. Thomas Montgomery, 8 Stanford. Benjamin Hardin, Bardstown. George Robertson, Lancaster. David Walker. 8 David Trimble, Mount Sterling. Francis Johnson, 6 Bowling Green. Alney McLean, Greenville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Henry Johnson, Donaldsonville. James Brown, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas Butler, St. Francisville. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignations of George M. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Troup and John Forsyth in preceding Congress, and took his Logan, and took his seat November 27, 1820. seat December 15, 1819; vacancy in this class from February 6 Died March 1, 1820. 17, 1819, to November 6, 1819. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of David Walker, "Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John J. and took his seat November 13, 1820. Crittenden In preceding Congress, and took his seat January 7 Resigned in 1820. 3, 1820. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Tunstall Resigned November 27, 1820. Quarles, and took his seat November 13, 1820. SIXTEENTH CONGRESS. MAINE. 1 93 SENATORS. John Chandler, 2 Monmouth. John Holmes, 3 Falmouth. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph Dane, 4 Kennebunk. MARYLAND. Alexander C. Hanson. 5 William Pinkney, 6 Baltimore. Stevenson Archer, Belair. Thomas Bayly, Princess Anne. Thomas Culbreth, Den ton. Joseph Kent, Bladensburg. Peter Little, Freedom. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward Lloyd, Easton. Raphael Neale, Leonard town. Samuel Ringgold, Hagerstown. Samuel Smith, Baltimore. Henry R. Warfield, Middlebury. MASSACHUSETTS. Harrison Gray Otis, Boston. Benjamin Adams, Uxbridge. Samuel C. Allen, Northfield. Joshua Cushman. Edward Dowse. 9 William Eustis, 10 Boston. Walter Folger, jr., Nantucket. Timothy Fuller, Boston. Mark L. Hill. Zabdiel Sampson. 11 Aaron Hobart, 12 Hanover. John Holmes. 13 Jonas Kendall, Leominster. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Prentiss Mellen. 7 Elijah H. Mills, 8 Northampton. Martin Kinsley. Samuel Lathrop, West Springfield. Enoch Lincoln. Jonathan Mason. 14 Benjamin Gorham, 15 Boston. Marcus Morton, Taunton. Jeremiah Nelson, Newburyport. James Parker. Henry Shaw, Lanesboro. Nathaniel Silsbee, Salem. Ezekiel Whitman. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Williams, Washington. Walter Leake. 14 David Holmes, 16 Washington. REPRESENTATIVE . Christopher Rankin, Natchez. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. David L. Morrill, Goffstown. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Buffum, jr., Westmoreland. Josiah Butler, South Deerfield. Clifton Clagett, Amherst. John F. Parrott, Portsmouth. Arthur Livermore, Plymouth. William Plumer, jr., Epping. Nathaniel Upham, Rochester. i Admitted as a State into the Union March 15, 1820. Pre- vious to March. 3, 1820, Maine was a part of Massachusetts, and was called the "District of Maine'' and its Representatives were numbered with those of Massachusetts; by compact be- tween the two States, Maine became a separate and independ- ent State, and by act of Congress of March 3, 1820, was admitted into the Union as such the admission to date from the fif- teenth of the same month; on April 7, 1820, Maine was de- clared entitled to seven Representatives, to be taken from those of Massachusetts, and in the succeeding Congress seven Members were thus seated. 3 Took his seat November 13, 1820; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1823. 3 Took his seat November 13, 1820; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1821. Took his seat December 11. 1820. * Died April 23, 1819. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Alexander C. Hanson, and took his seat January 4, 1820. ? Resigned May 15, 1820. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Prentiss Mellen, and took his seat December 1, 1820. 9 Resigned May 26, 1820. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward Dowse, and took his seat November 13, 1820. " Resigned July 26, 1820. 18 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Zabdiel Sampson, and took his seat December 18, 1820. " Resigned March 15, 1820. Resigned May 15, 1820. is Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jonathan Mason, and took his seat November 27, 1820. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Walter Leake, and took his seat November 13, 1820; subsequently elected. 94 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. James J. Wilson, 1 Trenton. Samuel L. Southard. 2 Ephraim Bateman, Cedarville. Joseph Bloomfield, Burlington. Charles Kinsey, Paterson. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. Mahlon Dickerson, Suckasunny. John Linn, 3 Monroe. Bernard Smith, New Brunswick. Henry Southard, Baskingridge. Rufus King. Nathaniel Allen. Caleb Baker. Walter Case. Robert Clark. Jacob H. De Witt. John D. Dickinson, Troy. John Fay. William D. Ford. Ezra C. Gross. James Guyon, jr. 4 Aaron Hackley, jr. George HalJ. Joseph S. Lyman. Henry Meigs. Nathaniel Macon, Monroe. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathan Sanford. Robert Monell. Hermanus Peek. Nathaniel Pitcher, Sandy Hill. Jonathan Richmond. Henry R. Storrs. Randall S. Street. James Strong. John W. Taylor, Ballston Spa. Caleb Tomkins. Albert H. Tracy. Solomon Van Rensselaer, Albany. Peter H. Wendover. Silas Wood, Huntingdon. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse Slocumb. 5 William S. Blackledge, 6 Newbern. Hutchins G. Burton, Halifax. John Culpepper. William Davidson. Weldon N. Edwards, Warren ton. Charles Fisher. Montfort Stokes, Wilkesboro. Charles Hooks, Dublin. Lemuel Sawyer, Elizabeth City. Thomas Settle. James S. Smith. Felix Walker, Waynesville. Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. Thomas H. Hall, Tarboro. OHIO. SENATORS. Benjamin Ruggles, St. Clairsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Philemon Beecher. Henry Brush. John W. Campbell, West Union. William A. Trimble. Samuel Herrick. Thomas R. Ross, Lebanon. John Sloane, Wooster. PENNSYLVANIA. Jonathan Roberts. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Baldwin, Pittsburgh. Andrew Boden. William Darlington, West Chester. George Dennison, Wilkes-Barre. Samuel Edwards, Chester. Thomas Forrest. Walter Lowrie, Butler. David Fullerton. 7 Thomas G. McCullough. 8 Samuel Gross, Trap. Joseph Hemphill, Philadelphia. Jacob Hibshman. Jacob Hostetter. 1 Resigned January 8, 1821. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James J. Wilson, and took his seat February 16, 1821; subsequently elected. 3 Died January 5. 1821. 4 Successfully contested the election of Ebenezer Sage, who did not appear to claim the seat, and qualified January 14, 1820. 6 Died December 20, 1820. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Jesse Slocumb P and took his seat February 7, 1821. ' Resigned In 1820. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of David Fullerton, and took his seat November 13, 1820. SIXTEENTH CONGRESS. 95 William P. Maclay. David Marchand. Robert Moore. Samuel Moore, Doylestown. John Murray. Thomas Patterson, West Middleton. Robert Philson. RHODE ISLAND. William Hunter. Samuel Eddy. John Gaillard, Pendleton. Joseph Brevard. Elias Earle. James Ervin. William Lowndes. John McCreary. John Williams, Knoxville. Robert Allen, Carthage. Henry H. Bryan, Palmyra. Newton Cannon. Isaac Tichenor. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas J. Rogers, Easton. John Sergeant, Philadelphia. Christian Tarr. Joseph Heister. 1 Daniel Udree. 2 James Wallace. James Burrill, jr. 3 Nehemiah R. Knight, 4 Providence. Nathaniel Hazard. 5 SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel C. Crafts, Craftsbury. Ezra Meech. Orsamus C. Merrill, 6 Bennington. Rollin C. Mallary, 7 Poultney. James Barbour, Barboursville. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Mark Alexander, Lombardy Grove. William Lee Ball, Nutsville. Philip P. Barbour Lucketsville. William A. Burwell. 10 John Floyd, Newbern. Robert S. Garnett, Lloyds. James Johnson. 11 John C. Gray. 12 James Jones, Hendersonville. William McCoy, Franklin. Charles F. Mercer, Aldie. George F. Strother. 13 Thomas L. Moore. 14 Hugh Nelson, Milton. William Smith, Pinckneyville. James Overstreet, King Creek. Charles Pinckney. Eldred Simkins. Starling Tucker, Mountain Shoals. John H. Eaton, Nashville. John Cocke, Rutledge. Francis Jones, Winchester. John Rhea, Sullivan. William A. Palmer, Danville. Charles Rich, Shoreham. Mark Richards. William Strong. John W. Eppes. 8 James Pleasants, 9 Goochland C. H. Thomas Newton, jr., Norfolk. Severn E. Parker. James Pindall. 1 Edward B. Jackson, 15 Clarksburg. James Pleasants. 18 4 William S. Archer, 17 Amelia C. H. John Randolph, Charlotte C. H. Ballard Smith. Alexander Smyth. George Tucker, Lynchburg. John Tyler. Thomas V. Swearingen, Shepherdstown. Jared Williams, Newton. 1 Resigned in 1820. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph Heister, and took his seat January 8, 1821. 3 Died December 25, 1820. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Burrill, jr., and took his seat January 20, 1821. 6 Died December 17, 1820. . 6 Served until January 12, 1820; succeeded by Rollin C. Mal- lary, who contested his election. 7 Successfully contested the election of Orsamus C. Merrill, and took his seat January 13, 1820. 8 Resigned in April, 1819. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John W. Eppes, and took his seat December 14, 1819. 10 Died February 10. 1821. Resigned February 1, 1820. IJ Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James John- son, and took his seat November 13, 1820. >3 Resigned February 10, 1820. 14 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George F. Strother, and took his seat November 13, 1820. 15 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Pin- dall, and took his seat November 13, 1820. 16 Resigned December 14, 1819, having been electe ' Senator. 17 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Pleasants, and took his seat January 18, 1820. 96 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ABKANSAW TEBBITOBY. 1 DELEGATE. Jamea W. Bates. 2 MICHIGAN TEBBITOBY. 3 DELEGATES. William W. Woodbridge. 4 Solomon Sibley, 6 Detroit. TEBBITOBY OF MISSOUBI. DELEGATE. John Scott. 1 Formed from a portion of the Territory of Missouri and < Resigned August 9,1820. granted a Delegate in Congress by Act of March 2, 1819. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William W. Took his seat March 2, 1820. Woodbridge, and took his seat November 20, 1820. 3 Formed from a portion of Indiana Territory by Act of January 11, 1805, with. Detroit as the seat of government. SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1821, TO MARCH 3, 1823. FIRST SESSION December 3, 1821, to May 8, 1822. SECOND SESSION December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1823. VICE PRESIDENT Daniel D. Tompkins, of New York. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE John Gaillard, 1 of South Carolina. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Charles Cutts, of New Hampshire. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Philip P. Harbour, of Virginia. CLERKS OF THE HOUSE Thomas Dougherty, of Kentucky; Matthew St. Clair Clarke, 2 of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. John W. Walker, 3 Hunteville. William Kelly, 4 Huntsville. William R. King, Cahawba. REPRESENTATIVES. William Kelly, 5 Huntaville. Gabriel Moore, 6 Huntsville. CONNECTICUT. James Lanman, Norwich. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Noyes Barber, Groton. Daniel Burrows, Hebron. Henry W. Edwards, New Haven. Gideon Tomlinson, Fairfield. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Nicholas Van Dyke, Newcastle. REPRESENTATIVES. Louis McLane, Wilmington. Elijah Boardman, Litchfield. John Huss, Hartford. Ansel Sterling, Sharon. Ebenezer Stoddard, Woodstock. Caesar A. Rodney, 7 Wilmington. Caesar A. Rodney, 8 Wilmington. Daniel Rodney. 9 1 Elected February 1, 1822; February 19, 1823. 2 Elected December 3, 1822. 3 Resigned In December , 1822. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John W. Walker, and took his seat January 21, 1823. 5 Resigned December 1, 1822. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Kelly, elected Senator, and took his seat December 2, 1822. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 7 7 Elected to fill vacancy in term commencing March 4, 1821, and took his seat January 24, 1822; resigned January 29, 1823, having been appointed minister to Buenos Aires; vacancy in this class from March 4, 1821, to January 10, 1822. s Resigned January 24, 1822, having been elected Senator. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Caesar A. Rodney, and took his seat December 2, 1822. 97 98 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. GEORGIA. SENATORS. John Elliott, Sunbury. Joel Abbot, Washington. Alfred Cuthbert, Eaton ton. George R. Gilmer, Lexington. REPRESENTATIVES. Freeman Walker. 1 Nicholas Ware, 2 Richmond. Robert R. Reid, Augusta. Edward F. Tattnall, Savannah. Wiley Thompson, Elberton. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Jesse B. Thomas, Edwardsville. Ninian Edwards, Edwardsville. REPRESENTATIVE. Daniel P. Cook, Edwardsville. INDIANA. SENATORS. James Noble, Brookville. Waller Taylor, Vincennes. REPRESENTATIVES . William Hendricks, 3 Madison. Jonathan Jennings, 4 Charleston. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Richard M. Johnson, Great Crossings. Isham Talbot, Frankfort. REPRESENTATIVES. James D. Breckenridge. Benjamin Hardin, Bairdstown. Francis Johnson, Bowling Green. John T. Johnson, Georgetown. Thomas Metcalfe, Carlisle. Thomas Montgomery, Stanford. Anthony New, Elkton. John S. Smith, Richmond. David Trimble, Mount Sterling. Samuel H. Woodson, Lexington. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Henry Johnson, Donaldson ville. James Brown, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVE. Josiah S. Johnston, Alexandria. MAINE. SENATORS. John Chandler, Monmouth. John Holmes, Alfred. REPRESENTATIVES. Joshua Cushman, Winslow. Joseph Dane, Kennebunk. Ebenezer Herrick, Bowdoinham. Mark L. Hill, Phippsburg. Enoch Lincoln, Paris. Ezekiel Whitman, 5 Portland. Mark Harris, 6 Portland. William D. Williamson, Bangor. Resigned August 8, 1821. 5 Resigned June 1, 1822. 'Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Freeman Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of tzekiel Walker, and took his seat Decemer 11, 1821. Whitman, and took his seat December 2, 1822. i Resigned July 25, 1822. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Hendricks, and took his seat December 2, 1822. SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS 99 Edward Lloyd, Eastern. Thomas Bayly, Princess Ann. Jeremiah Cosden, 3 Elkton. Philip Reed, 4 Huntingville. Joseph Kent, Bladensburg. Peter Little, Freedom. Raphael Neale, Leonard town. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Pinkney, 1 Baltimore. Samuel Smith, 2 Baltimore. John Nelson, Frederick. Samuel Smith, 5 Baltimore. Isaac McKim, 6 Baltimore. Henry R. Warfield, Middleburg. Robert Wright, Queenstown. MASSACHUSETTS. Harrison Gray Otis, 7 Boston. James Lloyd, 8 Boston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel C. Allen, Greenfield. Gideon Barstow, Salem. Francis Baylies, Taunton. Lewis Bigelow, Petersham. Henry W. Dwight, Stockbridge. William Eustis, Boston. Timothy Fuller, Boston. Elijah H. Mills, Northampton. Benjamin Gorham, Boston. Aaron Hobart, Hanover. Samuel Lathrop, West Springfield. Jeremiah Nelson, Newburyport. John Reed; Yarmouth. Jonathan Russell, Mendon. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Williams, Washington. David Holmes, Washington. REPRESENTATIVE. Christopher Rankin, Natchez. MISSOURI. 9 SENATORS. David Barton, 10 St. Louis. Thomas H. Benton, 11 St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVE. John Scott, St. Genevieve. NEW HAMPSHIRE. David L. Morrill, Goffstown. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Josiah Butler, South Deerfield. Matthew Harvey, Hopkinton. Aaron Matson, Stoddard. John F. Parrott, Portsmouth. William Plumer, jr., Epping. Nathaniel Upham, Rochester. Thomas Whipple, jr., Wentworth. i Died February 25, 1822. J Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Pink- ney, and took his seat December 17, 1822. a Served until March 19, 1822; succeeded by Philip Reed, who contested his election. 4 Successfully contested the election of Jeremiah Cosden, and took his seat March 19, 1822. " Resigned December 17, 1822, having been elected Senator. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Smith, and took his seat January 8, 1823. ' Resigned May 30, 1822. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Harrison Gray Otis, and took his seat December 2, 1822. 9 Admitted as a State into the Union August 10, 1821. 10 Took his seat December 3, 1821; term to expire as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1825. " Took his seat December 6, 1821; term to expire as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1827. 100 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Mahlon Dickerson, Suckasunny. Samuel L. Southard, 1 Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. Ephraim Bateman, Cedarville. George Cassedy, Hackensack. Lewie Condit, Morristown. George Holcomb, Allen town. James Matlack, Woodbury. Samuel Swan, Somerville. NEW YOBK. SENATORS. Rufus King, New York. Martin Van Buren, Albany. REPRESENTATIVES. Selah Tuthill. 2 Charles Borland, jr., 3 Wardsbridge. Churchill C. Cambreleng, New York. Samuel Campbell, Columbus. Cadwallader T). Golden, 4 New York. Alfred Conkling, Canajoharie. John D. Dickinson, Troy. John Gebhard, Scpharie. James Hawkes, Richfield. Thomas H. Hubbard, Hamilton. Joseph Kirkland, Utica. Elisha Litchfield, Delphi. Richard McCarty, Coxsackie. John J. Morgan, New York. Walter Patterson, Livingston. Jeremiah H. Pierson, Ramapo. Nathaniel Pitcher, Sandy Hill. William B. Rochester, Bath. Charles H. Ruggles, Kingston. Elijah Spencer. Micah Sterling, Watertown. John W. Taylor, Ballston Spa. Albert H. Tracy, Buffalo. Solomon Van Rensselaer, 5 Albany. Stephen Van Rensselaer, 6 Albany. William W. Van Wyck, Fishkill. Reuben H. Wai worth, Plattsburg. Silas W T ood, Huntingdon. David Woodcock, Ithaca. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Nathaniel Macon, Monroe. Montfort Stokes, Wilkesboro. REPRESENTATIVES. William S. Blackledge, Newbern. Hutchins G. Burton, Halifax. Henry W. Conner, Falls Town. Josiah Crudup, Raleigh. Weldon N. Edwards, Warren ton. Thomas H. Hall, Tarboro. Charles Hooks, Dublin. OHIO. John Long, Longs Mills. Archibald McNeill, M'Neills Store. Romulus M. Saunders, Milton. Lemuel Sawyer, Elizabeth City. Felix Walker, Waynesville. Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. SENATORS. Benjamin Ruggles, St. Clairsville. William A. Trimble. 7 Ethan Allen Brown, 8 Cincinnati, REPRESENTATIVES . Levi Barber, Point Harmer. John W. Campbell, West Union. David Chambers, Zanesville. Thomas R. Ross, Lebanon. John Sloane, Wooster. John Vance, Urbana. > Resigned March 3, 1823. 2 Died September 7, 1821, before the assembling of Congress. a Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Selah Tuthill, and took his seat December 3, 1821. Election unsuccessfully contested. 4 Successfully contested the election of Peter Sharpe, and took his seat December 12, 1821. Mr. Sharpe never presented himself for admission under his credentials. 6 Resigned January 14, 1822. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Solomon Van Rensselaer, and took'his seat March 12, 1822. 7 Died December 13, 1821. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William A. Trimble, and took his seat January 15, 1822. SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS. 101 PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Walter Lowrie, Butler. REPRESENTATIVES. John Brown, Lewistown. James Buchanan, Lancaster. William Darlington, West Chester. George Dennison, Wilkesbarre. Samuel Edwards, Chester. Patrick Farrelly, Meadville. John Findlay, Chambersburg. William Milnor, 1 Philadelphia. Thomas Forrest, 2 Philadelphia. Henry Baldwin, 1 Pittsburgh. Walter Forward, 3 Pittsburgh. Samuel Gross, Trap. Joseph Hemphill, Philadelphia. James M'Sherry, Petersburg. William Findlay, Franklinton. James S. Mitchell, Rossville. Samuel Moore, 4 Doylestown. Samuel D. Ingham, 6 New Hope. Thomas Murray, jr., Milton. Thomas Patterson, West Middletown. John Philips, Hummelstown. George Plumer, Robbstown. Thomas J. Rogers, Eaeton. John Sergeant, Philadelphia. Andrew Stewart, Union town. John Todd, Bedford. Ludwig Worman, 6 Pottstown. Daniel Udree, 7 Reading. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. James D'Wolf, Bristol. REPRESENTATIVES. Job Durfee, Tiverton. John Gaillard, Pendleton. Samuel Eddy, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . James Blair, 1 Camden. John Carter, 8 Camden. Joseph Gist, Pinckneyville. James Overstreet, 9 King Creek. Andrew R. Govan, 10 Orangeburg. William Lowndes, 11 John Williams, Knoxville. Robert Allen, Carthage. Henry H. Bryan, 13 Palmyra. Newton Cannon, Harpeth. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. William Smith, Pinckneyville. James Hamilton, jr, 12 Charleston. George McDuffie, Edgefield. Thomas R. Mitchell, Georgetown. Joel R. Poinsett, Charleston. Starling Tucker, Mountain Shoals. John Wilson, Golden Grove. John H. Eaton, Nashville. John Cocke, Rutledge. Francis Jones, Winchester. John Rhea, Sullivan. William A. Palmer, Danville. Samuel C. Crafts, Craftebury. Elias Keyes, Stockbridge. Rollin C. Mallary, Poultney. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Horatio Seymour, Middlebury. John Mattocks, Pearham. Charles Rich, Shoreham. Phineas White, Putney. i Resigned May 8, 1822. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Milnor, and took his seat December 2, 1822. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry Baldwin, and took his seat December 2, 1822. * Resigned May 20, 1822. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Moore, and took his seat December 2,' 1822. Died September 21, 1822. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Ludwig Wor- man, and took his seat December 23, 1822. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Blair, and took his seat December 11, 1822. Died April 24, 1822. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Over- street, and took his seat December 4, 1822. 11 Resigned May 8, 1822. 11 Elected to fiU vacancy caused by resignation of William Lowndes, and took his seat January 6, 1823. ] 3 Reported to have been duly elected by the Committee on Elections, February 17, 1823, but appears never to have taken his seat. 102 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. James Barbour, Barboursville. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Mark Alexander, Lombardy Grove. William S. Archer, Amelia C. H. William Lee Ball, Nuttsville. Philip P. Barbour, Lucketsville. Burwell Bassett, Williamsburg. John Floyd, Newbern. Robert S. Garnett, Lloyds. Edward B. Jackson, Clarksburg. James Jones, Hendersonville. Jabez Leftwich, Liberty. William McCoy, Franklin. Charles F. Mercer, Aldie. James Pleasants, 1 Goochland C. H. John Taylor, 2 Port Royal. Thomas L. Moore, Warrenton. Hugh Nelson, Milton. Thomas Newton, jr., Norfolk. John Randolph, Charlotte C. H. Arthur Smith, Smithfield. William Smith, Lewisburg. Alexander Smyth, Wythe. Andrew Stevenson, Richmond. George Tucker, Lynchburg. Thomas V. Swearingen, 3 Shepherdstown. James Stephenson,* Martinsburg. Jared Williams, Newton. ARKANSAW TERRITORY. DELEGATE. James W. Bates, 5 Arkansas. TERRITORY OF FLORIDA. 6 DELEGATE. Joseph M. Hernandez. 7 MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Solomon Sibley, Detroit. 1 Resigned December 15, 1822. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Pleasants, and took his seat Deccember 30, 1822. Died June 7, 1822. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas V. Swear- ingen, and took his seat'December 2, 1822. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by Matthew Lyon. Formed March 30, 1822, from territory ceded by Spain to the United States by treaty of Washington of February 22, 1819, and theretofore known as " East and West Florida." 7 Took his seat January 3, 1823. EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1823, TO MARCH 3, 1825. FIEST SESSION December 1, 1823, to May 27, 1824. SECOND SESSION December 6, 1824, to March 3, 1825. VICE PRESIDENT Daniel D. Tompkins, of New York. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE-^John Gaillard, 1 of South Carolina. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Charles Cutts, of New Hampshire. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Henry Clay, of Kentucky. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Matthew St. Clair Clarke, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William R. King, Cahaba. William Kelly, Huntsville. REPRESENTATIVES. John McKee, Tuscaloosa. George W. Owen, Claiborne. Gabriel P. Moore, Huntsville. James Lanman, Norwich. Noyes Barber, Groton. Samuel A. Foot, Cheshire. Ansel Sterling, Sharon. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Elijah Boardman, 2 Litchfield. Henry W. Edwards, 3 New Haven. Ebenezer Stoddard, Woodstock. Gideon Tomlinson, Fairfield. Lemuel Whitman, Fannington. Nicholas Van Dyke, Newcastle. Thomas Clayton, 4 Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. Louis McLane, Wilmington. John Elliott, Sunbury. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Joel Abbot, Washington. George Gary, Appling. Thomas W. Cobb, 7 Greensboro. Richard H. Wilde, 8 Augusta. Nicholas Ware, 6 Richmond. Thomas W. Cobb, 6 Greensboro. Alfred Cuthbert, Eatonton. John Forsyth, Augusta. Edward F. Tattnall, Savannah. Wiley Thompson, Elberton. i Elected May 21, 1824. Died October 8, 1823. 3 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Elijah Board- man, and took his seat December 1, 1823; subsequently elected. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Caesar A. Rodney in preceding Congress, and took his seat January 15, 1824. Vacancy from January 29, 1823, to January 8, !"~ 1824. 5 Died September 7, 1824. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Nicholas Ware, and took his seat December 6, 1824. 7 Resigned December 6, 1824, having been elected Senator. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas W. Cobb, and took his seat February 7, 1825. 103 104 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY, ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Jesse B. Thomas, Ed wards ville. Ninian Edwards, 1 Edwardsville. John McLean, 2 Shawneetown. REPRESENTATIVE. Daniel P. Cook, Edwardsville. INDIANA. James Noble, Brookville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jonathan Jennings, Charleston. John Test, Brookville. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Richard M. Johnson, Great Crossings. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard A. Buckner, Greensburg. Henry Clay, Lexington. Robert P. Henry, Hopkinsville. Francis Johnson, Bowling Green. John T. Johnson, Georgetown.' Robert P. Letcher, Lancaster. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Henry Johnson, 5 Donaldsonville. Dominique Bouligny, 6 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. William L. Brent, St. Martinsville. Henry H. Gurley, Baton Rouge. John Holmes, Alfred. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Burleigh, South Berwick. Joshua Cushman, Winslow. Ebenezer Herrick, Bowdoinham. David Kidder, Norridgewock. Waller Taylor, Vincennes. William Prince, 3 Princeton. Jacob Call, 4 Princeton. Isham Talbot, Frankfort. Thomas Metcalfe, Carlisle. Thomas P. Moore, Harrodsburg. Philip Thompson, Yellow Banks. David Trimble, Mount Sterling. David White, New Castle. Charles A. Wickliffe, Bardstown. James Brown, 7 New Orleans. Josiah S. Johnston, 8 Alexandria. Edward Livingston, New Orleans. John Chandler, Monmouth. Enoch Lincoln, Paris. Stephen Longfellow, Portland. Jeremiah O'Brien, Machias. MARYLAND. Edward Lloyd, Easton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Hayward, jr., Easton. Joseph Kent, Bladensburg. John Lee, Petersville. Peter Little, Freedom. Isaac McKim, Baltimore. Samuel Smith, Baltimore. George E. Mitchell, Elkton. Raphael Neale, Leonardtown. John S. Spence, Poplartown. Henry R. Warfield, Middleburg. 1 Resigned March 4, 1824, having been appointed minister to Mexico. Resigned May 27, 1824. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ninian Ed- Johnson, and took his seat December 21, 1824. wards, and took his seat December 20, 1824. * Resigned December 10, 1823, having been appointed minis- Died September 4, 1824. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Prince, and took his seat December 23, 1824. ter to France. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Brown, and took his seat March 12, 1824. EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS. 105 MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Elijah H. Mills, Northampton. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel C. Allen, Greenfield. John Bailey, 1 Canton. Francis Baylies, Taunton. Benj. W. Crowninshield, Salem. Henry W. D wight, Stockbridge. Timothy Fuller, Boston. Aaron Hobart, Hanover. James Lloyd, Boston. Samuel Lathrop, West Springfield. John Locke, Ashby. Jeremiah Nelson, Newburyport. John Reed, Yarmouth. Jonas Sibley, Worcester. Daniel Webster, Boston. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Williams, Washington. David Holmes, Washington. REPRESENTATIVE. Christopher Rankin, Natchez. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David Barton, St. Louis. Thomas H. Ben ton, St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVE . John Scott, St. Genevieve. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. John F. Parrott, Portsmouth. Samuel Bell, Chester. REPRE SE NTATIV E S . Ichabod Bartlett, Portsmouth. Matthew Harvey, Hopkinton. Arthur Livermore, Plymouth. Aaron Matson, Stoddard. William Plumer, jr., Epping. Thomas Whipple, jr., Wentworth. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS.. Mahlon Dickerson, Suckasunny. Joseph Mcllvaine, 2 Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. George Cassedy, Hackensack. Lewis Condit, Morristown. Daniel Garrison, Salem. NEW YORK. SENATORS. George Holcombe, Allentown. James Matlack, Woodbury. Samuel Swan, Somerville. Martin Van Buren, Albany. Rufus King, New York. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac Wilson. 3 Middleburg. Rowland Day, Simpronius. Parmenio Adams,* Batavia. Justin Dwinell, Cazenovia. John W. Cady, Johnstown. Lewis Eaton, Schojiarie Bridge. Churchill C. Cambreleng, New York. Lot Clark, Norwich. Ela Collins, Lowville. Hector Craig, Chester. Charles A. Foote, Delhi. Joel Frost, Carmel. Moses Hayden, York. Henry R. Storrs, Whitestown. 1 By resolution of March 18, 1824, was declared not entitled a Served until January 7, 1824; succeeded by Parmenio to seat: subsequently elected, and took his seat December 13, Adams, who contested his election. 1824. 4 Successfully contested the election of Isaac Wilson, and 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel L. took his seat January 7, 1824. Southard m preceding Congress, and took his seat December 1, 1823. 106 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. James Strong, Hudson. John W. Taylor, Ballston Spa. Egbert Ten Eyck, Watertown. Albert H. Tracy, Buffalo. Jacob Tyson, Castletown. John Herkimer, Danube. James L. Hogeboom, Castleton. Lemuel Jenkins, Bloomingburg. Samuel Lawrence, Johnsons Settle- ment. Elisha Litchfield, Delphi. Henry C. Martindale, Sandy Hill. Dudley Marvin, Canandaigua. John J. Morgan, New York. John Richards, Johnsburg. Robert S. Rose, Geneva. Peter Sharpe, New York. Stephen Van Rensselaer, Albany. William W. Van Wyck, Fishkill. Isaac Williams, Cooperstown. Silas Wood, Huntington. William Woods, Bath. NORTH CAROLINA. Nathaniel Macon, Monroe. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Hutchins G. Burton, 1 Halifax. George Outlaw. 2 Henry W. Conner, Sherrills Ford. John Culpepper, Lawrenceville. Weldon N. Edwards, Warrenton. Alfred M. Gatlin, Eden ton. Thomas H. Hall, Tarboro. John Branch, Enfield. Charles Hooks, Dublin. John Long, Longs Mills Willie P. Mangum, Red Mountain. Romulus M. Saunders, Milton. Richard D. Spaight, Newbern. Robert B. Vance, Nashville. Lewis Williams, Panther Cieek. OHIO. SENATORS. Benjamin Ruggles, St. Clairsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Mordecai Bartley, Mansfield. Philemon Beecher, Lancaster. John W. Campbell, West Union. John W. Gazlay, Cincinnati. Duncan Me Arthur, Chillicothe. William McLean, Piqua. John Patterson, St. Clairsville. Ethan Allen Brown, Cincinnati. Thomas B. Ross, Lebanon. John Sloane, Wooster. Joseph Vance, Urbana. Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. Elisha Whittlesey, Canfield. William Wilson, Newark. John C. Wright, Steubenville. PENNSYLVANIA. Walter Lowrie, Butler. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Allison, Beaver. Samuel Breck, Philadelphia. John Brown, Lewistown. James Buchanan, Lancaster. Samuel Edwards, Chester. William Cox Ellis, Muncy. Patrick Farrelly, Meadville. John Findlay, Chambersburg. Walter Forward, Pittsburgh. Robert Harris, Harrisburg. Joseph Hemphill, Philadelphia. Samuel D. Ingham, New Hope. George Kremer, Lewisburg. Samuel McKean, Burlington. William Findlay, Franklinton. Philip S. Markley, Norristown. Daniel H. Miller, Philadelphia. James S. Mitchell, Rossville. Thomas Patterson, West Middletown. George Plumer, Robbstown. Andrew Stewart, Uniontown. John Todd, 3 Bedford. Alexander Thomson, 4 Bedford. Daniel Udree, Reading. Isaac Wayne, Warren. Henry Wilson, Allentown. James Wilson, Fairfield. Thomas J. Rogers, 5 Easton. George Wolf, 6 Easton. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. James DeWolf, Bristol. REPRESENTATIVES. John Durfee, Tiverton. Samuel Eddy, Providence. i Resigned March 23, 1824. ? Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Hutchins G. Burton, and took his seat January 19, 1825. s Resigned in 1824. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Todd, and took his seat December 6, 1824. 5 Resigned April 20, 1824. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas J. Rogers, and took his seat December 9, 1824. EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS. 107 SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. John Gaillard, Pendleton. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Campbell, Brownsville. John Carter, Camden. Joseph Gist, Pinckneyville. Andrew R. Govan, Orangeburg. James Hamilton, jr., Charleston. John H. Eaton, Nashville. Adam R. Alexander, Jackson. Robert Allen, Carthage. John Blair, Jonesboro. John Cocke, Rutledge. Samuel Houston, Nashville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. SENATORS. William A. Palmer, Danville. REPRESENTATIVES . William C. Bradley, Westminster. Daniel A. A. Buck, Chelsea. Samuel C. Crafts, Craftsbury. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. James Barbour, Barboursville. REPRESENTATIVES. Mark Alexander, Lombardy Grove. William S. Archer, Amelia. John S. Barbour, Culpeper. Philip P. Barbour, 5 Lucketsville. Burwell Bassett, Williamsburg. John Floyd, Newbern. Robert S. Garnett, Lloyds. Joseph Johnson, Bridgeport. Jabez Lef twitch, Liberty. William McCoy, Franklin. Charles F. Mercer, Aldie. Robert Y. Hayne, Charleston. George Me Duffle, Edgefield. Joel R. Poinsett, Charleston. Starling Tucker, Mountain Shoals. John Wilson, Golden Grove. Andrew Jackson, Nashville. Jacob C. Isacks, Winchester. James B. Reynolds, Clarkesville. James T. Sandford, Columbia. James Standifer, Pikeville. Horatio Seymour, Middlebury. Rollin C. Mallary, Poultney. Charles Rich, 1 Shoreham. Henry Olin, 2 Salisbury. John Taylor, 3 Port Royal. Littleton W. Tazewell, 4 Norfolk. Thomas Newton, jr., Norfolk. John Randolph, Charlotte C. H. William C. Rives, Milton. Arthur Smith, Smithfield. William Smith, Lewisburg. Alexander Smyth, Wythe. James Stephenson, Martinsburg. Andrew Stevenson, Richmond. William L. Ball, 6 Nuttsyille. John Taliaferro, 7 Fredericksburg. George Tucker, Lynchburg. Jared Williams, Newton. ARKANSAW TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Henry W. Conway, Little Rock. TERRITORY OF FLORIDA. DELEGATE. Richard K. Call. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Gabriel Richard, 8 Detroit. 'Died October 15, 1824. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles Rich, and took his seat December 13, 1824. s Died August 20, 1824. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Taylor, and took his seat December 29, 1824. 6 Resigned in February, 1825. Died February 28, 1824, 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William L. Ball, and took his seat April 8, 1824. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by John Biddle. NINETEENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1825, TO MARCH 3, 1827. FIRST SESSION December 5, 1826, to May 22, 1826. SECOND SESSION December 4, 1826, to March 3, 1827. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1825, to March 9, 1825. VICE PRESIDENT John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE John Gaillard, 1 of South Carolina; Nathaniel Macon,- of North Carolina;. SEC- RETARIES OF THE SENATE Charles Cutts, of New Hampshire; Walter Lowrie, 3 of Pennsylvania. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE John W. Taylor, of New York. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Matthew St. Clair Clarke, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. William R. King, Cahaba. John McKee, Tuscaloosa. Gabriel Moore, Huntsville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Chambers, 4 Madison. Israel Pickens. 5 John McKinley, 6 Huntsville. George W. Owen. Claiborne. CONNE CTICTTT . SENATORS. Henry W. Edwards, New Haven. Calvin Willey, 7 Toland. REPRESENTATIVES. John Baldwin, Windham. Orange Merwin, New Milford. Noyes Barber, Groton. Elisha Phelps, Simsbury. Ralph I. Ingersoll, New Haven. Gideon Tomlinson, Fairneld. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Nicholas Van Dyke, 8 Newcastle. Daniel Rodney,* 1 Wilmington. Henry M. Ridgeley, 10 Dover. Thomas Clayton, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE . Louis McLane, Wilmington. Elected March 9, 1825 (special session of the Senate) . 'Elected May 20. 1826; January 2, 1827; and March 2, 1827. a Elected December 12, 1825. Died January 25, 1826. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry Cham- bers, and took his seat April 10, 1826. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry Cham- bers, and took his seat December 21, 1826. 108 7 Elected for term beginning March 4, 1825; took his seat December 5, 1825. James Lanman was appointed, but the Senate, on March 5, 1825, would not permit him to qualify; vacancy from March 4, 1825, to May 4, 1825. Died May 21,1826. 9 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Nicholas Van Dyke, and took his seat December 4, 1826. '<> Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Nicholas Van Dyke, and took his seat January 23, 1827. NINETEENTH CONGRESS. 109 GEORGIA. SENATORS. Thomas W. Cobb, Greensboro. John Macpherson Berrien, Savannah. REPRESENTATIVES. George Gary, Appling. James Meriwether, Athens. Alfred Cuthbert, Eatonton. Edward F. Tattnall, Savannah. John Forsyth, Augusta. Wiley Thompson, Elberton. Charles E. Haynes, Sparta. ILLINOIS. \ SENATORS. Jesse B. Thomas, Edwardsville. Elias K. Kane, Kaskaskia. REPRESENTATIVE . Daniel P. Cook, Edwardsville. INDIANA. SENATORS. James Noble, Brookville. William Hendricks, Madison. REPRESENTATIVES. Ratliff Boon, Booneville. John Test, Brookville. Jonathan Jennings, Charleston. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Richard M. Johnson, Great Crossings. John Rowan, Louisville. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard A. Buckner, Greensburg. Robert P. Letcher, Lancaster. James Clark, Winchester. Thomas Metcalfe, Carlisle. Robert P. Henry * Hopkins ville. Thomas P. Moore, Harrodsburg. John F. Henry, 2 Hopkinsville. David Trimble, Mount Sterling. Francis Johnson, Bowling Green. Charles A. Wickliffe, Bardstown. James Johnson, 3 Great Crossings. William S. Young, Elizabeth town. Robert McHatton, 4 Georgetown. Joseph Lecompte, New Castle. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Josiah S. Johnston, Alexandria. Dominique Bouligny, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. William L. Brent, St. Martinsville. Edward Livingston, New Orleans. Henry H. Gurley, Baton Rouge. MAINE. SENATORS. John Holmes, Alfred. John Chandler, Monmouth. REPRESENTATIVES. John Anderson, Portland. Enoch Lincoln, 5 Paris. William Burleigh, South Berwick. James W. Ripley, 6 Fryeburg. Ebenezer Herrick, Bowdoinham. Jeremiah O'Brien, Machias. David Kidder, Norridgewock. Peleg Sprague, Hallowell. i Died August 25, 1826. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Johnson, * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Robert P. Henry, and took his seat December 7, 1826. and took his seat December 11, 1826. 5 Resigned in 1826, having been elected governor, a Died August 14, 1826. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Enoch Lin- coln, and took his seat in December, 1826. 110 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Edward Lloyd, 1 Easton. Ezekiel F. Chambers, 2 Chestertown. REPRESENTATIVES. John Barney, Baltimore. Clement Dorsey, Chaptico. Joseph Kent, 3 Bladensburg. John C. Weems, 4 Waterloo. John L. Kerr, Easton. Peter Little, Freedom. Samuel Smith, Baltimore. Robert N. Martin, Princess Ann. George E. Mitchell, Elkton. George Peter, Damestown. Thomas C.Worthington, Frederick. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Elijah H. Mills, Northampton. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel C. Allen, Greenfield. John Bailey, Milton. Francis Baylies, Taunton. Benjamin W. Crowninshield, Salem. John Davis, Worcester. Henry W. Dwight, Stockbridge. Edward Everett, Cambridge. James Lloyd, 5 Boston. Nathaniel Silsbee, 6 Salem. Aaron Hobart, East Bridgewater. Samuel Lathrop, West Springfield. John Locke, Ashby. John Reed, Yarmouth. John Varnum, Haverhill. Daniel Webster, Boston. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Williams, Washington. REPRESENTATIVES. Christopher Rankin, 10 Natchez. David Holmes, 7 Washington. Powhatan Ellis, 8 Winchester. Thomas B. Reed, 9 Natchez. William Haile, 11 Woodville. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David Barton, St. Louis. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVE. John Scott, Ste. Genevieve. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Samuel Bell, Chester. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Ichabod Bartlett, Portsmouth. Titus Brown, Francestown. Nehemiah Eastman, Farmington. Levi Woodbury, Portsmouth. Jonathan Harvey, Sutton. Joseph Healy, Washington. Thomas Whipple, jr., Wentworth. i Resigned in January, 1826. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward Lloyd, and took his seat February 22. 1826. 3 Resigned January 6, 1826, having been elected governor. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph Kent, and took his seat February 7, 1826. e Resigned May 23, 1826. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Lloyd, and took his seat December 4, 1826. 7 Resigned September 2ii, 1825. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of David Holmes, and took his seat December 12, 1825. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of David Holmes, and took his seat March 11, 1826. 10 Died March 14, 1826. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Christopher Rankin, and took his seat December 4, 1826; subsequently reelected; validity of election questioned on the ground that he was elected by " his own vote." NINETEENTH CONGRESS. Ill NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Mahlon Dickerson, Suckasunny. REPRESENTATIVES. George Cassedy, Hackensack. Lewis Condit, Morristown. Daniel Garrison, Salem. Joseph Mcllvaine, 1 Burlington. Ephraim Bateman, 2 Cedarville. George Holcombe, Allen town. Samuel Swan, Somerville. Ebenezer Tucker, Tuckerton. NEW YORK. Martin Van Buren, Albany. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Parmenio Adams, Batavia. William G. Angel, Burlington. Henry Ashley, Catskill. Luther Badger, Janesville. Churchill C. Cambreleng, New York. William Deitz, Court House. Nicoll Fosdick, Morristown. Daniel G. Garnsey, Fredonia. John Hallock, jr., Ridgeberry. Abraham B. Hasbrouck, Kingston. Moses Hay den, York. Michael Hoffman, Herkimer. Charles Humphrey, Ithaca. Jeromus Johnson, New York. Charles Kellogg, Kelloggsville. William McManus, Troy. Henry Markell, Palatine. Nathan Sanford, 3 Albany. Henry C. Martindale, Sandy Hill. Dudley Marvin, Canandaigua. John Miller, Truxton. Timothy H. Porter, Olean. Robert S. Rose, Geneva. Henry H. Ross, Essex. Joshua Sands, Brooklyn. Henry R. Storrs, Whitestown. James Strong, City of Hudson. John W. Taylor, Ballston Spa. Egbert Ten Eyck, 4 Watertown. Daniel Hugunin, jr., 5 Oswego. Stephen Van Rensselaer, Albany. Gulian C. Verplanck, New York. Aaron Ward, Mount Pleasant. Bartow W. White, Fishkill. Elisha Whittemore. Silas Wood, Huntington. NORTH CAROLINA. Nathaniel Macon, Monroe. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Willis Alston, jr., Hyde Park. Willie P. Mangum, 6 Red Mountain. Daniel L. Barringer, 7 Raleigh. John H. Bryan, Newbern. Samuel P. Carson, Pleasant Garden. Henry W. Conner, Sherrills Ford. Weldon N. Edwards, Warrenton. Richard Hines, Edgecombe. John Branch, Enfield. Gabriel Holmes, Clinton. John Long, Longs Mills. Archibald McNeill, McNeills Store. Romulus M. Saunders, Milton. Lemuel Sawyer, Elizabeth. Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. OHIO. SENATORS. Benjamin Ruggles, St. Clairsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Mordecai Bartley, Mansfield. Philemon Beecher, Lancaster. John W. Campbell, West Union. James Findlay, Cincinnati. David Jennings, 8 St. Clairsville. Thomas Shannon, 9 Barnesville. William McLean, Piqua. John Sloane, Wooster. William Henry Harrison, Cincinnati. John Thomson, Chillicothe. Joseph Vance, Urbana. Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. Elisha Whittlesey, Canfield. William Wilson, Newark. John Woods, Hamilton. John C. Wright, Steubenville. 1 Died August 19, 1826. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Joseph Mcll- vaine, and took his seat December 7, 1826. 3 Elected to fill vacancy in term commencing March 4, 1825, and took his seat January 31 , 1826; vacancy in this class from March 4, 1825, to January 14, 1826. Served until December 15, 1825; succeeded by Daniel Hugunin, jr., who contested his election. 6 Successfully contested the seat of Egbert Ten Eyck, and took his seat December 15, 1825. s Resigned March 18, 1826. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Willie P. Mangum, and took his seat December 4, 1826. 8 Resigned May 25, 1826. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of David Jennings, and took his seat December 4, 1826. 112 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. William Findlay, Franklin ton. REPRESENTATIVES. William Addams, Reading. James Buchanan, Lancaster. Samuel Edwards, Chester. Patrick Farrelly, 1 Meadville. Thomas H. Sill, 2 Erie John Findlay, Chambersburg. Robert Harris, Harrisburg. Joseph Hemphill, 3 Philadelphia. Thomas Kittera, 4 Philadelphia. Samuel D. Ingham, New Hope. George Kremer, Lewisburg. Joseph Lawrence, Washington. Samuel McKean, Burlington. Philip S. Markley, Nprristown. Daniel H. Miller, Philadelphia. William Marks, Pittsburg. Charles Miner, West Chester. James S. Mitchell, Rossville. John Mitchell, Bellefonte. Robert Orr, Kittanning. George Plumer, Robbstown. James S. Stevenson, Pittsburgh. Andrew Stewart, Uniontown. Alexander Thomson, 5 Bedford. Chauncey Forward, 6 Somerset. Espy Van Home, Williamsport. Henry Wilson, 7 Allentown. Jacob Krebs, 8 Orwigsburg. James Wilson, Fairfield. George Wolf, Easton. John Wurts, Philadelphia. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. James DeWolf, 9 Bristol; Asher Robbins, 10 Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Tristam Burges, Providence. Dutee J. Pearce, Newport. SOUTH CAROLINA. John Gaillard, n Pendleton. William Harper, 12 Charleston. William Smith, 13 Charleston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Carter, Camden. Joel R. Poinsett, 14 Charleston. William Draytpn, 15 Charleston. Joseph Gist, Pinckneyville. Andrew R. Go van, Orangeburg. Robert Y. Hayne, Charleston. James Hamilton, jr., Charleston. George McDuffie, Edgefield. Thomas R. Mitchell, Georgetown. Starling Tucker, Mountain Shoals. John Wilson, Golden Grove. TENNESSEE. John H. Eaton, Nashville. Adam R. Alexander, Jackson. Robert Allen, Carthage. John Blair, Jonesboro. John Cocke, Rutledge. Samuel Houston, Nashville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Andrew Jackson, 16 Nashville. Hugh L. White, 17 Knoxville. Jacob C. Isacks, Winchester. John H. Marable, Yellow Creek. James C. Mitchell, Athens. James K. Polk, Columbia. i Died January 12, 1826. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Patrick Farrelly, and took his seat April 3, 1826. 3 Resigned in 1826. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph Hemphill, and took his seat December 4, 1826. 6 Resigned May 1, 1826. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Alexander Thomson, and took his seat December 4, 1826. i Died August 13, 1826. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry Wilson, and took his seat December 4, 1826. 9 Resigned October 31, 1825. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James DeWolf, and took his seat December 5, 1825. " Died February 26, 1826. 12 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of John Gaillard, and took his seat March 28, 1826. 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Gaillard, and took his seat December 7, 1826. u Resigned March 7, 1825, to become minister to Mexico, is Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joel R. Poinsett, and took his seat December 5, 1825. 16 Resigned October 14, 1825. 17 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Andrew Jackson, and took his seat December 12, 1825. NINETEENTH CONGRESS. VERMONT. SENATORS. 113 Horatio Seymour, Middlebury. REPRESENTATIVES. William C. Bradley, Westminster. Rollin C. Mallary, Poultney. John Mattocks, Pearham. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. James Barbour, ' Barbouraville. John Randolph, 2 Charlotte. REPRESENTATIVES. Mark Alexander, Lombardy Grove. William S. Archer, Amelia. William Armstrong, Romney. John S. Barbour, Culpeper. Burwell Bassett, Williamsburg. Nathaniel H. Claiborne, Rocky Mount. George W. Crump, Cumberland. Thomas Davenport, Meadsville. Benjamin Estil, Abingdon. John Floyd, Newbern. Robert S. Garnett, Lloyds Dudley Chase, Randolph. Ezra Meech, Shelburn. George E. Wales, Hartford. Littleton W. Tazewell, Norfolk. Joseph Johnson, Bridgeport. William McCoy, Franklin. Charles F. Mercer, Aldie. Thomas Newton, jr., Norfolk. Alfred H. Powell, Winchester. William C. Rives, Milton. William Smith, Lewisburg. Andrew Stevenson, Richmond. John Taliaferro, Fredericksburg. Robert Taylor, Orange. James Trezvant, Jerusalem. ARKANSAW TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Henry W. Con way, Little Rock. TERRITORY OP FLORIDA. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White, Pensacola. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Austin E. Wing, Detroit. Resigned March 27, 1825. 50346 S. Doc. 654. 61-2- * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Bar- bour, and took his seat December 26, 1825. TWENTIETH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1827, TO MARCH 3, 1829. FIRST SESSION December 3, 1827, to May 26, 1828. SECOND SESSION December 1, 1828, to March 3, 1829. VICE PRESIDENT^John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Samuel Smith, 1 of Maryland. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Walter Lowrie, of Pennsylvania. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Andrew Stevenson, of Virginia. 2 CLERK OF THE HOUSE Matthew St. Clair Clarke, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William R. King, Selma. John McKinley, Huntsville. KEPRESENTATIVES. John McKee, Tuscaloosa. George W. Owen, Claiborne. Gabriel Moore, Huntsville. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Calvin Willey, Toland. Samuel A. Foot, Cheshire. REPRESENTATIVES. John Baldwin, Windham. Orange Merwin, New Milford. Noyes Barber, Groton. Elisha Phelps, Simsbury. Ralph I. Ingersoll, New Haven. David Plant, Stratford. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Henry M. Ridgeley, Dover. Louis Me Lane, Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. Kensey Johns, jr., Newcastle. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Thomas W. Cobb, 3 Greensboro. John McPherson Berrien, Savannah. Oliver H. Prince, 4 Macon. REPRESENTATIVES. John Floyd, Jefferson. Wilson Lumpkin, Madison. Tomlinson Fort, Milledgeville. Wiley Thompson, Elberton. George R. Gilmer, Lexington. Richard H. Wilde, Augusta. Charles E. Haynes, Sparta. i Elected May 15, 1828. Nathaniel Macon, of North Caro- a Resigned in 1828. lina, was first elected on the same day, but declined to serve. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas W. * Elected December 3, 1827. Cobb, and took his seat December 1, 1828. 114 TWENTIETH CONGRESS. 115 ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Jesse B. Thomas, Edwardsville. Eliae K. Kane, Kaskaskia. REPRESENTATIVE . Joseph Duncan, Brownsville. INDIANA. James Noble, Brookville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas H. Blake, Terre Haute. Jonathan Jennings, Charleston. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Richard M. Johnson, Great Crossings. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard A. Buckner, Greensburg. Thomas Chilton, Elizabethtown. James Clark, Winchester. _ Henry Daniel, Mount Sterling. Joseph Lecompte, Newcastle. Robert P. Letcher, Lancaster. Chittenden Lyon, Eddyville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Josiah S. Johnston, Alexandria. REPRESENTATIVES. William L. Brent, St. Martinsville. Henry H. Gurley, Baton Rouge. John Chandler, Monmouth. John Anderson, Portland. Samuel Butman, Dixmont. Rufus Mclntire, Parsonsfield. Jeremiah O'Brien, Machias. Samuel Smith, Baltimore. John Barney, Baltimore. Clement Dorsey, Chaptico. Levin Gale, Elkton. John L. Kerr, Easton. Peter Little, Freedom. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Hendricks, Madison. Oliver H. Smith, Connersville. John Rowan, Louisville. Robert McHatton, Georgetown. Thomas Metcalfe, 1 Carlisle. John Chambers," Washington. Thomas P. Moore, Harrodsburg. Charles A. Wickliffe, Bardstown. Joel Yancey, Glasgow. Dominique Bouligny, New Orleans. Edward Livingston, New Orleans. Albion K. Parris, 3 Portland. John Holmes, 4 Alfred. James W. Ripley, Fryeburg. Peleg Sprague, Hallowell. Joseph F. Wingate, Bath. Ezekiel F. Chambers, Chestertown. Michael C. Sprigg, Frostburg. George C. Washington, Rockville. John C. Weems, Waterloo. Ephraim K. Wilson, Snow Hill. 1 Resigned June 1, 1828. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas Metcalfe, and took his seat December 1, 1828. ' Resigned August 26, 1828. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resgination of Albion K. Parris, and took his seat January 20, 1829. 116 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Nathaniel Silsbee, Salem. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel C. Allen, Greenfield. John Bailey, Milton. Isaac C. Bates, Northampton. Benjamin W. Crowninshield, Salem. John Davis, Worcester. Henry W. D wight, Stockbridge. Edward Everett, Cambridge. Daniel Webster, Boston. Benjamin Gorham, Boston. James L. Hodges, Taunton. John Locke, Ashby. John Reed, Yarmouth. Joseph Richardson, Hingham. John Varaum, Haverhill. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Williams, Washington. William Haile, 1 Woodville. REPRESENTATIVES. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Ben ton, St. Louis. Powhatan Ellis, Winchester. Thomas Hinds, 2 Greenville. David Barton, St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVE. Edward Bates, St. Louis. NEW HAMPSHIBE. SENATORS. Samuel Bell, Chester. REPRESENTATIVES. David Barker, jr., Rochester. Ichabod Bartlett, Portsmouth. Titus Brown, Francestown. Levi Woodbury, Portsmouth. Jonathan Harvey, Sutton. Joseph Healy, Washington. Thomas Whipple, jr., Wentworth. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Ephraim Bateman, 3 Cedarville. REPRESENTATIVES. Lewis Condit, Morristown. George Holcombe, 5 Allentown. James F. Randolph, 6 New Brunswick. Isaac Pierson, Orange. Mahlon Dickerson, 4 Suckasunny. Hedge Thompson, 7 Salem. Thomas Sinnickson, 8 Salem. Samuel Swan, Somerville. Ebenezer Tucker, Tuckerton . i Resigned in 1828. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Haile, and took his seat December 8, i828. ' A remonstrance against the legality of his election was considered by a select committee of five Senators; it revealed that, as chairman of the joint convention of the general assem- bly of New Jersey, Mr. Bateman had voted for himself for Senator, had broken a tie vote thereby, and upon such state of facts the certificate had been Issued to bun; May 22, 1828, the committee reported, holding that he had only exercised a legal right by thus voting, and, upon its request, was dis- charged; resigned January 12, 1829. 1 Resigned January 30, 1829; subsequently elected to fill va- cancy caused by resignation of Ephraim Bateman, and took his seat February 9, 1829. State unrepresented in this class from January 30, 1829, to March 3, 1829. * Died January 14, 1828. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George Holcombe, and took his seat December 1, 1828. * Died July 23, 1828. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Hedge Thomp- son, and took his seat December 1, 1828. TWENTIETH CONGRESS. 117 Martin Van Buren, 1 Albany. Charles E. Dudley, 2 Albany. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel D. Barnard, Rochester. Thomas Beekman, Peterboro. George O. Belden, Monticello. Rudolph Bunner, Oswego. Churchill. C. Cambreleng, New York. Samuel Chase, Cooperstown. John C. Clarke, Bambridge. John I. De Graff, Schenectady. John D. Dickinson, Troy. Jonas Earll, jr., Onondaga. Daniel G. Garnsey, Fredonia. Nathaniel Garrow, Auburn. John Hallock, jr., Ridgebury. Selah R. Hobbie, Delhi. Michael Hoffman, Herkimer. Jeromus Johnson, New York. Richard Keese, Keeseville. John Magee, Bath. Nathan Sanford, Albany. Henry Markell, Palatine. Henry C. Martindale, Sandy Hill. Dudley Marvin, Canandaigua. John Maynard, Ovid Village. Thomas J . Oakley, 3 Poughkeepsie. Thomas Taber, 2d, 4 Dover. Henry R. Storrs, Whitestown. John G. Stower, Hamilton. James Strong, City of Hudson. John W. Taylor, Ballston Spa. Phineas L. Tracy, Batavia. Stephen Van Rensselaer, Albany. Gulian C. Verplanck, New York. Aaron Ward, Mount Pleasant. John J. Wood, Clarkstown. Silas Wood, Huntingdon. David Woodcock, Ithaca. Silas Wright, jr., 5 Canton. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Nathaniel Macon, 6 Warrenton . James Iredell, 7 Edenton. REPRESENTATIVES. Willis Alston, jr., Hyde Park. Daniel L. Barringer, Raleigh. John H. Brvan, Newbern. Samuel P. Carson, Pleasant Garden. Henry W. Conner, Sherrills Ford. John Culpepper, Beards Store. Thomas H. Hall, Tarboro. John Branch, Enfield. Gabriel Holmes, Montpelier. John Long, Longs Mills. Lemuel Sawyer, Elizabeth. Augustine H. Shepperd, German town. Daniel Turner, Warrenton. Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. OHIO. SENATORS. Benjamin Ruggles, St. Clairsville. William Henry Harrison, 8 Cincinnati. Jacob Burnet, 9 Cincinnati. REPRESENTATIVES. Mordecai Bartley, Mansfield. Philemon Beecher, Lancaster. William Creighton, jr., 6 Chillicothe. Francis S. Muhlenburg. 10 John Davenport, Barnesville. James Findlay, Cincinnati. William McLean, Piqua. William Russell, West Union. John Sloane, Wooster. William Stanberry, Newark. Joseph Vance, Urbana. Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. Elisha Whittlesey, Canfield. John Woods, Hamilton. John C. Wright, Steubenville. PENNSYLVANIA. William Marks, Pittsburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Addams, Reading. Samuel Anderson, Providence. Stephen Barlow, Meadville. James Buchanan, Lancaster. Isaac D. Barnard, West Chester. Richard Coulter, Greensburg. Chauncey Forward, Somerset. Joseph Fry, jr., Fryburg. Innis Green, Dauphin. i Resigned December 20, 1828. J Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Martin Van Buren, and took his seat January 29, 1829. a Resigned May 9, 1828. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas J. Oakley, and took his seat December 1, 1828. 6 Resigned February 16, 1829. Resigned in 1828. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Nathaniel Macon, and took his seat December 23, 1828. Resigned May 20, 1828. 9 Elected to nil vacancy caused by resignation of AVilliam Henry Harrison, and took his seat December 29, 1828. 'Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Creighton, jr., and took his seat December 19, 1828. 118 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Samuel D. Ingham, New Hope. Adam King, York. George Kremer, Lewisburg. Joseph Lawrence, Washington. Samuel McKean, Burlington. Daniel H. Miller, Philadelphia. Charles Miner, West Chester. John Mitchell, Belief on te. Robert Orr, jr., Kittanning. William Ramsay, Carlisle. John Sergeant, 1 Philadelphia. John B. Sterigere, Upper Dublin. James S. Stevenson, ^Pittsburgh. Andrew Stewart, Union town. Joel B. Sutherland, Philadelphia. Espy Van Home, Williamsport. James Wilson, Fairfield. George Wolf, Easton. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. Asher Robbins, Newport. REPRESENTATIVES . Tristam Burges, Providence. Dutee J. Pearce, Newport. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Robert Y. Hayne, Charleston. REPRESENTATIVES. John Carter, Camden. Warren R. Davis, Pendleton. William Dray ton, Charleston. James Hamilton, jr., Charleston. George McDuffie, Edgefield. William Smith, Charleston. William D. Martin, Barn well. Thomas R. Mitchell, Georgetown. William T. Nuckolls, Spartanburg. Starling Tucker, Mountain Shoals. John H. Eaton, Nashville. John Bell, Nashville. John Blair, Jonesboro. David Crockett, Trenton. Robert Desha, Gallatin. Jacob C. Isacks, Winchester. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. RFPRESENTATIVES. Hugh L. White, Knoxville. Pry or Lea, Knoxville. John H. Marable, Yellow Creek. James C. Mitchell, Athens. James K. Polk, Columbia. VERMONT. SENATORS. Horatio Seymour, Middlebury. Dudley Chase, Randolph. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel A. A. Buck, Chelsea. Jonathan Hunt, Brattleboro. Rollin C. Mallary, Poultney. Benjamin Swift, St. Albans. George E. Wales, Hartford. i Election questioned by sundry citizens of Pennsylvania. On January 14, 1826, resolution was adopted declaring him entitled to his seat. TWENTIETH CONGEESS. 119 VIBGINIA. SENATORS. Littleton W. Tazewell, Norfolk. REPRESENTATIVES. Mark Alexander, Lombardy Grove. Robert Allen, Mount Jackson. William S. Archer, Elkhjll. William Armstrong, Romney. John S. Barbour, Culpeper. Philip P. Barbour, Gordonsville. Burwell Bassett, Williamsburg. Nathaniel H. Claiborne, Rocky Mount. Thomas Davenport, Meadsville. John Floyd, Newbern. Isaac Leffler, Wheeling. John Tyler, Charles City. Lewis Maxwell, Weston. Charles F. Mercer, Aldie. William McCoy, Franklin. Thomas Newton, jr., Norfolk. John Randolph, Charlotte. William C. Rives, Milton. John Roane, Rumford Academy. Alexander Smyth, Wythe. Andrew Stevenson, Richmond. John Taliaferro, Fredericksburg. James Trezvant, Jerusalem. ARKANSAW TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Ambrose H. Sevier, Little Rock. TERRITORY OF FLORIDA. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White, Pensacola. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Austin E. Wing, Detroit. TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1829, TO MARCH 3, 1831. FIRST SESSION December 7, 1829, to May 31, 1830. SECOND SESSION December 6, 1830, to March 3, 1831. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1829, to March 17, 1829. VICE PRESIDENT John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PBO TEMPORE Samuel Smith, 1 of Maryland. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Walter Lowrie, of Pennsylvania. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Andrew Stevenson, of Virginia. CLEEK OF THE HOUSE Matthew St. Clair Clarke, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William R. King, Selma. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert E. B. Baylor, Tuscaloosa. Clement C. Clay, Huntsville. CONNECTICUT. John McKinley, Florence. Dixon H. Lewis, Montgomery. Calvin Willey, Tolland. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Noyes Barber, Groton. William W. Ellsworth, Hartford. Jabez W. Huntington, Litchfield. DELAWARE. Samuel A. Foot, Cheshire. Ralph I. Ingersoll, New Haven. William L. Storrs, Middletown. Ebenezer Young, Killingly. SENATORS. Louis McLane, 2 Wilmington. Arnold Naudain, 3 Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. Kensey, Johns, jr., Newcastle. GEORGIA. John M. Clayton, Dover. SENATORS. John Macpherson Berrien, 4 Savannah. John Forsyth, 5 Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas F. Foster, Greensboro. Charles E. Haynes, Sparta. George R. Gilmer, 6 Lexington. Henry G. Lamar, 7 Macon. George M. Troup, Dublin. Wilson Lumpkin, Monroe. Wiley Thompson, Elberton. James M. Wayne, Savannah. Richard H. Wilde, Augusta. i Elected March 13, 1829 (special session of the Senate); May 29, 1830; March 1, 1831; Littleton W. Tazewell, of Vir- ginia, was first elected on the last-named date, but declined to serve. J Resigned April 16, 1829. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Louis McLane, and took his seat January 13, 1830. 120 Resigned March 9, 1829. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Mac- pherson Berrien, and took his seat December 8, 1829. Resigned in September, 1829, having been elected gov- ernor. i Elected to fill vacany caused by the resignation of George R. Gilmer, and took his seat December 7, 1829. TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 121 ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Elias K. Kane, Kaskaskia. John McLean, 1 Shawneetown. David J. Baker, 2 Shawneetown. John M. Robinson, 3 Carmi. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph Duncan, Brownsville. INDIANA. SENATORS. James Noble, 4 Brookville. William Hendricks, Madison. REPRESENTATIVES. Ratliff Boon, Boonville. John Test, Lawrenceburg. Jonathan Jennings, Charleston. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. John Rowan, Louisville. George M. Bibb, Yellow Banks. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Chilton, Elizabeth town. John Kincaid, Stanford. James Clark, Winchester. Joseph Lecompte, Newcastle. Nicholas D. Coleman, Washington. Robert P. Letcher, Lancaster. Henry Daniel, Mount Sterling. Chittenden Lyon, Eddyville. Nathan Gaither, Columbia. Charles A. Wickliffe, Bardstown. Richard M. Johnson, Great Crossing. Joel Yancey, Glasgow. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Josiah S. Johnston, Alexandria. Edward Livingston, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Gurley, Baton Rouge. Edward D. White, Donaldsonville. Walter H. Overton, Alexandria. MAINE. SENATORS. John Holmes, Alfred. Peleg Sprague, Hallowell. REPRESENTATIVES. John Anderson, Portland. Rufus Mclntire, Parsonfield. Samuel Butman, Dixmont. James W. Ripley, 5 Fryeburg. George Evans, Gardiner. Cornelius Holland, 6 Canton. Leonard Jarvis, Ellsworth. Joseph F. Wingate, Bath. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Samuel Smith, Baltimore. Ezekiel F. Chambers, Chestertown. REPRESENTATIVES. Elias Brown, Freedom. Richard Spencer, Easton. Clement Dorsey, Chaptico. Michael C. Sprigg, Frostburg. Benjamin O. Howard, Baltimore. George C. Washington, Rockville. George E. Mitchell, Elkton. Ephraim K. Wilson, Snow Hill. Benedict I. Semmes, Piscataway. 1 Died October 14. 1830. < Died February 26, 1831. 1 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of John McLean, * Election unsuccessfully contested by Reuel Washburn; and took his seat December 6, 1830. resigned March 12, 1830. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John McLean, Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James W. and took his seat January 4, 1831. Ripley, and took his seat December 6, 1830. 122 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MASSACHUSETTS. Nathaniel Silsbee, Salem. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . John Bailey, Milton. Isaac C. Bates, Northampton. Benjamin W. Crowninshield, Salem. John Davis, Worcester. Henry W. Dwight, Stockbridge. Edward Everett, Charlestown. Benjamin Gorham, Boston. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Powhatan Ellis, Winchester. Daniel Webster, Boston. George Grennell, jr., Greenfield. James L. Hodges, Taunton. Joseph G. Kendall, Leominster. John Reed, Yarmouth Port. Joseph Richardson, Hingham. John Varnum, Haverhill. Thomas B. Reed, 1 Natchez. Robert H. Adams, 2 Natchez. George Poindexter, 3 Natchez. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas Hinds, Greenville. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David Barton, St. Louis. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVE. Spencer Pettis, Fayette. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Samuel Bell, Chester. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Brodhead, New Market. Thomas Chandler, Hillsboro. Joseph Hammons, Farmington. NEV7 JERSEY. SENATORS. Mahlon Dickerson, Suckasunny. REPRESENTATIVES. Lewis Condit, Morristown. Richard M. Cooper, Camden. Thomas H. Hughes, Cold Spring. Levi Woodbury, Portsmouth. Jonathan Harvey, Sutton. Henry Hubbard, Charlestown. John W. Weeks, Lancaster. Theodore Frelinghuysen, Newark. Isaac Pierson, Orange. James F. Randolph, North Brunswick. Samuel Swan, Bound Brook. NEW YORK. Nathan Sanford, Albany. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William G. Angel, Burlington. Benedict Arnold, Amsterdam. Abraham Bockee, Federal Store. Peter I. Borst, Middleburg. Churchill C. Cambreleng, New York. Timothy Childs, Rochester. Charles E. Dudley, Albany. Henry B. Cowles, Carmel. Hector Craig, 4 Craigville. Samuel W. Eager, 5 Montgomery. Jacob Crocheron, Smithfield. Charles G. De Witt, Kingston. John D. Dickinson, Troy. i Died November 26, 1829. * Elected to fill vacancy in term ending March 3, 1835, caused by death of Thomas B . Reed, and took his seat February 8, 1830; died July 2, 1830. 3 Appointed to fill vacancy in term ending March 3, 1835, caused by death of Robert H. Adams, and took his seat De- cember 6, 1830; subsequently elected. Resigned July 12, 1830. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Hector Craig, and took his seat December 6, 1830. TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 123 Jonas Earll, jr., Onondaga. Isaac Finch, Jay. George Fisher, 1 Oswego. Jonah Sanford, 2 Oswego. Jehiel H. Halsey, Lodi. Joseph Hawkins, Henderson. Michael Hoffman, Herkimer. Perkins King, Freehold. James W. Lent, Newtown. John Magee, Bath. Henry C. Martindale, Sandy Hill. Thomas Maxwell, Elmira. Robert Monell,* Greene. Ebenezer F. Norton, Buffalo. Gershom Powers, Auburn. Robert S. Rose, Geneva. Ambrose Spencer, Albany. James Strong, Hudson. Henry R. Storrs, Whitestown. John W. Taylor, Ballston Spa. Phineas L. Tracy, Batavia. Gulian C. Verplanck, New York. Campbell P. White, New York. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. John Branch, 4 Enfield. Bedford Brown, 5 Browns Store. REPRESENTATIVES. Willis Alston, jr., Fortunes Fork. Daniel L. Barringer, Raleigh. Samuel P. Carson, Pleasant Garden. Henry W. Conner, Sherrills Ford. Edmund Deberry, Lawrenceville. Edward B. Dudley, Wilmington. Thomas H. Hall, Tarboro. OHIO. James Iredell, Edenton. Robert Potter, Oxford. Abraham Rencher, Pittsboro. William B. Shepard, Elizabeth City. Augustine H. Shepperd, German town. Jesse Speight, Speights Bridge. Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. SENATORS. Benjamin Ruggles, St. Clairsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Mordecai Bartley, Mansfield. Joseph H. Crane, Dayton. William Creighton, jr., Chillicothe. James Findlay, Cincinnati. John M. Goodenow, 6 Steubenville. Humphrey H. Leavitt, 7 Steubenville. William W. Irvin, Lancaster. William Kennon, St. Clairsville. Jacob Burnet, Cincinnati. William Russell, West Union. James Shields, Dicks Mills. William Stanberry, Newark. John Thomson, New Lisbon. Joseph Vance, Urbana. Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. Elisha Whittlesey, Canfield. PENNSYLVANIA. William Marks, Pittsburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Buchanan, Lancaster. Richard Coulter, Greensburg. Thomas H. Crawford, Chambersburg. Harmar Denny, Pittsburgh. Joshua Evans, Paoli. James Ford, Lawrenceville. Chauncey Forward, Somerset. Joseph Fry, jr., Fryburg. John Gilmore, Butler. Inn is Green, Dauphin. Joseph Hemphill, Philadelphia. Peter Ihrie, jr., Easton. Thomas Irwin, Uniontown. Adam King, York. Isaac D. Barnard, West Chester. George C. Leiper, Leiperville. Alem Marr, Danville. William McCreedy, Bricelands Cross- roads. Daniel H. Miller, Philadelphia. , Henry A. Muhlenberg, Reading. William Ramsey, Carlisle. John Scott, Alexandria. Thomas H. Sill, Erie. Samuel A. Smith, Doylestown. Philander Stephens, Montrose. John B. Sterigere, Norristown. Joel B. Sutherland, Philadelphia. 'Served until February 5, 1830; election successfully con- tested by Silas Wright, jr., who thereafter declined to take the seat. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by Silas Wright, jr., declin- ing to take his seat. 3 Resigned February 21, 1831. < Resigned March 9, 1829. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Branch, and took his seat December 28, 1829. 6 Resigned April 9, 1830. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John M. Goodenow, and took his seat December 6, 1830. 124 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. Asher Bobbins, Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Tristam Surges, Providence. Dutee J. Pearce, Newport. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Robert Y. Hayne, Charleston. "William Smith, Charleston. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert W. Barnwell, Beaufort. James Blair, Camden. John Campbell, Brownsville. Warren R. Davis, Pendleton. William Drayton, Charleston. John H. Eaton, 1 Nashville. Felix Grundy, 2 Nashville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Bell, Nashville. John Blair, Jonesboro. David Crockett, Crocketts. Robert Desha, Gallatin. Jacob C. Isacks, Winchester. Horatio Seymour, Middlebury. William Cahoon, Lyndon. Horace Everett, Windsor. Jonathan Hunt, Brattleboro. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Littleton W. Tazewell, Norfolk. REPRESENTATIVES. Mark Alexander, Lombardy Grove. Robert Allen, Mount Jackson. William S. Archer, Elkhill. William Armstrong, Romney. John S. Barbour, Culpeper. Philip P. Barbour, 4 Gordonsville. JohnM. Patton, 5 Fredericksburg. Thomas T. Bouldin, Charlotte. Nathaniel H. Claiborne, Rocky Mount. Richard Coke, jr., Williamsburg. Robert Craig, Montgomery. Thomas Davenport, Meads ville. Philip Doddridge, Wellsburg. William D. Martin, Barnwell. George McDuffie, Edgefield. William T. Nuckolls, Hancockville. Starling Tucker, Mountain Shoals. Hugh L. White, Knoxville. Cave Johnson, Clarksville. Pryor Lea, 8 Knoxville. James K. Polk, Columbia. James Standifer, Mount Airy. Dudley Chase, Randolph. Rollin C. Mallary, Poultney. Benjamin Swift, St. Albans. John Tyler, Charles City. Alexander Smyth, 6 Wythe. Joseph Draper, 7 Wythe. Thomas Newton, jr., 8 Norfolk. George Loyall, 9 Norfolk. William C. Rives, 10 Milton. William F. Gordon, 11 Lindseys Store. Lewis Maxwell, Weston. William McCoy, Franklin. Charles F. Mercer, Leesburg. John Roane, Rumford Academy. Andrew Stevenson, Richmond. John Taliaferro, Fredericksburg. James Trezvant, Jerusalem. 1 Resigned March 9, 1829. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John II. Eaton, and took his seat December 7, 1829. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Thomas D. Arnold. < Resigned May 31, 1830. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Philip P. Barbour, and took his seat December 6, 1830. Died April 17, 1830. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Alexander Smyth, and took his seat December 6, 1830. 8 Served until March 9, 1830; succeeded by George Loyall, who contested his election. 9 Successfully contested the election of Thomas Newton, and took his seat March 9, 1830. 10 Resigned in 1829. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William C. Rives, and took his seat January 25, 1830. TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 125 ARKANSAW TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Ambrose H. Sevier, Little Rock. TERRITORY OF FLORIDA. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White, Monticello. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. John Buddie, 1 Detroit. 1 Resigned February 21, 1831. TWENTY-SECOND CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1831, TO MARCH 3, 1833. FIRST SESSION December 5, 1831, to July 16, 1832. SECOND SESSION December 3, 1832, to March 2, 1833. VICE PRESIDENT John C. Calhoun, 1 of South Carolina. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Littleton W. Tazewell, 2 of Virginia; Huge L. White, 3 of Tennessee. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Walter Lowrie, of Pennsylvania. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Andrew Stevenson, of Virginia. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Matthew St. Clair Clarke, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William R. King, Selma. Gabriel Moore, Huntsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Clement C. Clay, Huntsville. Samuel W. Mardis, Montevallo. Dixon H. Lewis, Montgomery. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Samuel A. Foot, Cheshire. Gideon Tomlinson, Fairfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Noyes Barber, Groton. Ralph I. Ingersoll, New Haven. William W. Ellsworth, Hartford. William L. Storrs, Middletown. Jabez W. Huntington, Litchfield. Ebenezer Young, Killingly Center. DELAWARE. SENATORS. John M. Clayton, Dover. Arnold Naudain, Middletown. REPRESENTATIVE. John J. Milligan, Wilmington. GEORGIA. SENATORS. George M. Troup, 4 Dublin. John Forsyth, Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. Augustin Smith Clayton, Athens. Wiley Thompson, Elberton. Thomas F. Foster, Greensboro. James M. Wayne, Savannah. Henry G. Lamar, Macon. Richard H. Wilde, Augusta. Daniel Newnan, McDonough. > Resigned December 28, 1832, to become United States Senator. Elected December 3, 1832. Elected July 9, 1832. Resigned March 2, 1833. 126 TWENTY-SECOND CONGEESS. 127 ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Elias K. Kane, Kaskaskia. John M. Robinson, Carmi. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph Duncan, Jacksonville. INDIANA. SENATORS. William Hendricks, Madison. Robert Hanna, 1 Brookville. John Tipton, 2 Logansport. REPRESENTATIVES. Ratliff Boon, Booneville. Jonathan McCarty, Connersville. John Carr, Charleston. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. George M. Bibb, Yellow Banks. Henry Clay, Lexington. REPRESENTATIVES. John Adair, Harrpdsburg. Chilton Allan, Winchester. Henry Daniel, Mount Sterling. Nathan Gaither, Columbia. Albert G. Hawes, Hawesville. Richard M. Johnson, Great Crossing. Joseph Lecompte, Newcastle. Robert P. Letcher, Lancaster. Chittenden Lyon, Eddyyille. Thomas A. Marshall, Paris. Christopher Tompkins, Glasgow. Charles A. Wickhffe, Bardstown. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Josiah S. Johnston, Alexandria. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Bullard, Alexandria. Philemon Thomas, Baton Rouge. John Holmes Alfred. John Anderson, Portland. James Bates, Norridgewock. George Evans, Gardiner. Cornelius Holland, Canton. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. Edward Livingston, 3 New Orleans. George A. Waggaman, 4 New Orleans. Edward D. White, Donaldson ville. Peleg Sprague, Hallowell. Leonard Jarvis, Ellsworth. Edward Kavanagh, Damariscotta Mills. Rufus Mclntire, Parsonsfield. Samuel Smith, Baltimore. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin C. Howard, Baltimore. Daniel Jenifer, Aliens Fresh. John L. Kerr, Eaton. George E. Mitchell, 5 Elkton. Charles S. Sewall, 6 Elkton. Ezekiel F. Chambers, Chestertown. Benedict I. Semmes, Piscataway. John S. Spence, Berlin. Francis Thomas^ Frederick. George C. Washington, Rockville. John T. H. Worthmgton, Golden. 1 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of James Noble, in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 5, 1831. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Noble, in preceding Congress, and took his seat January 3, 1832. 3 Resigned May 24 1831, having been appointed Secretary of Mitchell, and took his seat December 3, 1832. State. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward Livingston, and took his seat January 3, 1832. 5 Died June 28, 1832. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George E. 128 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Nathaniel Silsbee, Salem. REPRESENTATIVES. John Quincy Adams, Quincy. Nathan Appleton, Boston. Isaac C. Bates, Northampton. George N . Briggs, Lanesboro. Rufus Choate , Salem. John Davis, Worcester. Henry A. S. Dearborn, Brookline. Daniel Webster, Boston. John Reed, Yarmouth. Jeremiah Nelson, Essex. Joseph G. Kendall, Leominster. James L. Hodges, Bristol. George Grennell, jr., Greenfield. Edward Everett, Charlestown. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Powhatan Ellis, 1 Winchester. John Black, 2 Monroe. George Poindexter, Wilkinson. REPRESENTATIVE. Franklin E. Plummer, Westville. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. Alexander Buckner, Jackson. REPRESENTATIVE. William H. Ashley, St. Louis. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Samuel Bell, Chester. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Brodhead, Newmarket. Thomas Chandler, Piscataquog. Joseph Hammons, Farmington. Isaac Hill, Concord. Joseph M. Harper, Canterbury. Henry Hubbard, Charlestown. John W. Weeks, Lancaster. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Mahlon Dickerson, Suckasunny. Theodore Frelinghuysen, Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. Lewis Condit, Morristown. Silas Condit, Newark. Richard M. Cooper, Camden. Thomas H. Hughes, Coldspring. James F. Randolph, New Brunswick. Isaac Southard, Somerville. NEW YORK. Charles E. Dudley, Albany. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . William G. Angel, Burlington. William Babcock, Penn Yan. Gamaliel H. Barstow, Nichols. Samuel Beardsley, Utica. John T. Bergen, Brooklyn. Joseph Bouck, Middleburg. William L. Marcy, 3 Albany. Silas Wright, jr., 4 Canton. John C. Brodhead, Modena. Churchill C. Cambreleng, New York. John A. Collier, Binghamton. Bates Cooke, Lewiston. Charles Dayan, Lowville. John Dickson, West Bloomfield. i Resigned July 16, 1832, having been appointed judge of Resigned July 18, 1832. United States court. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William L. 1 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Pow- Marcy, and took his seat January 14, 1833. hatan Ellis, and took his seat December 12, 1832; subsequently elected. TWENTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 129 Ulysses F. Doubleday, Auburn. Michael Hoffman, Herkimer. William Hogan, Hogansburg. Freeborn G. Jewett, Skaneatelea. John King, North Lebanon. Gerrit Y. Lansing, Albany. James Lent, 1 Newtown. Edmund H. Pendleton, Hyde Park. Job Pierson, Schaghticoke. Nathaniel Pitcher, Sandyhill. Edward C. Reed, Homer. Erastus Root, Delhi. Nathan Soule, Fort Plain. John W. Taylor, Ballston Spa. Phineas L. Tracy, Batavia. Gulian C. Verplanck, New York. Aaron Ward, Mount Pleasant. Daniel Ward well, Manns ville. Grattan H. Wheeler, Wheeler. Campbell P. White, New York. Frederick Whittlesey, Rochester, Samuel J. Wilkin, Goshen. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Bedford Brown. Browns Store. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel L. Barringer, Raleigh. Laughlin Bethune, Fayetteville. John Branch, Enfield. Samuel P. Carson, Pleasant Garden. Henry W. Conner, Sherilla Ford. Thomas H. Hall, Tarboro. Micajah T. Hawkins, Gran ville. OHIO. SENATORS. Benjamin Ruggles. St. Clairsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Eleutheros Cooke, Sandusky. Thomas Corwin, Lebanon. Joseph H. Crane, Dayton. William Creighton, jr., Chillicothe. James Findlay, Cincinnati. William W. Irvin, Lancaster. William Kennon, St. Clairsville. Willie P. Mangum, Red Mountain. James J. McKay, Elizabeth. Abraham Rencher, Pittsboro. William B. Shepard, Elizabeth City. Augustine H. Shepperd, Germantown. Jesse Speight, Stantonsburg. Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. Thomas Ewing, Lancaster. Humphrey H. Leavitt, Steubenville. William Russel, West Union. William Stanberry, Newark. John Thomson, New Lisbon. Joseph Vance, Urbana. Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. Elisha Whittlesey, Garfield. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Isaac D. Barnard, 2 West Chester. George M. Dallas, 3 Philadelphia. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert Allison, Huntingdon Center. John Banks, Mercer. John C. Bucher, Harrisburg. George Burd, Bedford. Richard Coulter, Greensburg. Thomas H. Crawford, Chambersburg. Harmar Denny, Pittsburgh. Lewis Dewart, Sunbury. Joshua Evans, Paoli. James Ford, Lawrence ville. John Gilmore, Butler. William Heister, New Holland. Henry Horn, Philadelphia. William Wilkins, Pitteburg. Peter Ihrie, jr., Easton. Adam King, York. Henry King, Allentown. Joel K. Mann, Jenkentown. Henry A. Muhlenberg, Reading. Thomas M. T. McKennan, Washington. Robert McCoy, Carlisle. David Potts, jr., Pottstown. Samuel A. Smith, Rock Hill. Philander Stephens, Montrose. Andrew Stewart, Uniontown. Joel B. Sutherland, Philadelphia. John G. Watmough, Philadelphia. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. Asher Robbins, Newport. Tristam Burges, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Dutee J. Pearce, Newport. Died February 22, 1833. 2 Resigned December 6, 1831. 50346 S. Doc. 6?4, 61-2 9 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Isaac D. Barnard, and took his seat December 21, 1831. 130 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Robert Y. Hayne, 1 John C. Calhoun, 2 '. Charleston. Fort Hill. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert W. Barn well, Beaufort. James Blair, Lynch wood. Warren R. Davis, Pendleton. William Drayton, Charleston. John M. Felder, Orangeburg. TENNESSEE. Stephen D. Miller, 3 Camden. John K. Griffin, Milton. Thomas R. Mitchell, Georgetown. George McDuffie, Edge field. William T. Nuckolls, Hancockville. Hugh L. White, Knoxville. SENATORS. Felix Grundy, Nashville. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas D. Arnold, Campbell Station. John Bell, Nashville. John Blair, Jonesboro. William Fitzgerald, 4 Dresden. William Hall, Green Garden. Jacob C. Isacks, Winchester. Cave Johnson, Clarksville. James K. Polk, Columbia. James Standifer, Mount Airy. VERMONT. SENATORS. Horatio Seymour, Middlebury. Samuel Prentiss, Montpelier. Heman Allen, Franklin. William Gaboon, Lyndon. Horace Everett, Windsor. REPRESENTATIVES, Hiland Hall, Bennington. Jonathan Hunt, 6 Brattleboro. William Slade, Middlebury. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Littleton W. Tazewell, 6 Norfolk. William C. Rives, Milton. 7 John Tyler, Gloucester. REPRESENTATIVES. Mark Alexander, Lombardy Grove. Robert Allen, Mount Jackson. William S. Archer, Elkhill. William Armstrong, Romney. John S. Barbour, Culpeper. Thomas T. Bouldin, Charlotte. Joseph W. Chinn, Nuttsville. Nathaniel H. Claiborne, Rockymount. Richard Coke, jr., Williamsburg. Robert Craig, Montgomery. Thomas Davenport, Meadsville. Philip Doddridge, 8 Wellsburg. Joseph Johnson, 9 Bridgeport. William F. Gordon, Lindseys Store. Charles C. Johnston, 10 Abingdon. John Y. Mason, Hicksford. Lewis Maxwell, Weston. Charles Fenton Mercer, Leesburg. William McCoy, Fraijklin. Thomas Newton, jr., Norfolk. John M. Patton, Fredericksburg. John J. Roane, Rumford Academy. Andrew Stevenson, Richmond. ' Resigned in December, 1832, having been elected governor. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert Y. Hayne, and took his seat January 4, 1833. 3 Resigned March 2, 1833. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by David Crockett. Died May 14, 1832. Resigned July 16, 1832. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Littleton W. Tazewell, and took his seat January 4, 1833. 8 Died November 19, 1832. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Philip Dod- dridge, and took his seat January 21, 1833. 10 Election unsuccessfully contested by Joseph Draper; died June 17, 1832. TWENTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 131 ABKANSAW TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Ambrose H. Sevier, Little Rock. TERRITORY OF FLORIDA. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White, Monticello. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Austin E. Wing, Monroe. TWENTY-THIRD CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1833, TO MARCH 3, 1835. FIRST SESSION December 2, 1833, to June 30, 1834. SECOND SESSION- December 1, 1834, to March 3, 1835. VICE PRESIDENT Martin Van Buren, of New York. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Hugh L. White, of Tennessee; George Poindexter, 1 of Mississippi; John Tyler, 2 of Virginia. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Walter Lowrie, of Pennsylvania. SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE Andrew Stevenson, 3 of Virginia; John Bell, 4 of Tennessee. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE PRO TEMPORE Henry Hubbard, of New Hampshire. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Walter S. Franklin, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. William R. King, Selma. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Clement C. Clay, Hunteville. Dixbn H. Lewis, Lowndesboro. John McKinley, Florence. Gabriel Moore, Huntsville. Samuel W. Mardis, Montevallo. John Murphy, Claiborne. Gideon Tomlinson, Fairfield. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Noyes Barber, Groton. William W. Ellsworth, 5 Hartford. Joseph Trumbull, 6 Hartford. Samuel A. Foot, 7 Cheshire. Ebenezer Jackson, 8 Middletown. Nathan Smith, New Haven. Jabez W. Huntingdon, 9 Litchfield. Phineas Miner, 10 Litchfield. Samuel Tweedy, Danbury. Ebenezer Young, Killingly Center. DELAWARE. John M. Clayton, Dover. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Arnold Naudain, Wilmington. John J. Milligan, Wilmington. Elected June 28, 1834. 2 Elected March 3, 1835. 3 Resigned from the House June 2, 1834. Elected June 2, 1834. * Resigned July 8, 1834. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William W. Ellsworth, and took his seat December 1, 1834. 132 7 Resigned May 9, 1834, having been elected governor. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel A. Foot, and took his seat December 1 1834. 9 Resigned August 16, 1834, having been appointed judge of the supreme court of errors. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jabez W. Huntington, and took his seat December 1, 1834. TWENTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 133 John P. King, 1 Augusta. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Auguetin S. Clayton, Athens. John Coffee, Jacksonville. Thomas F. Foster, Greensboro. Roger L. Gamble, Louisville. George R. Gilmer, Lexington. John Forsyth, 2 Columbus. Alfred Cuthbert. 3 Monticello. Seaborn Jones, Columbus. William Schley, Augusta. James M. Wayne, 4 Savannah. Richard H. Wilde, Augusta. Elias K. Kane, Kaskaskia. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Zadoc Casey, Mount Vernon. Joseph Duncan, 5 Jackson ville. William L. May, 6 Springfield. William Hendricks,' Madison. INDIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Ratliff Boon, Booneville. John Carr, Charleston. John Ewing, Vincennes. Edward A. Hannegan, Covington. John M. Robinson, Carmi. Charles Slade, 7 Carlyle. John Reynolds, 8 Belleville. John Tip ton, Logansport. George L. Kinnard, Indianapolis. Amos Lane, Lawrenceburg. Jonathan McCarty, Fort Wayne. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. George M. Bibb, Yellow Banks. REPRESENTATIVES. Chilton Allan, Winchester. Martin Beaty, South Fork. Thomas Chilton, Elizabeth town. Amos Davis, Mount Sterling. Benjamin Hardin, Bardstown. Albert G. Hawes, Hawesville. Richard M. Johnson, Great Crossings. Henry Clay, Lexington. Robert P. Letcher, 9 Lancaster. James Love, Barbourville. Chittenden Lyon, Eddyville. Thomas A. Marshall, Paris. Patrick H. Pope, Louisville. Christopher Tompkins, Glasgow. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Josiah S. Johnston, 10 Alexandria. Alexander Porter, 11 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Bullard, 12 Alexandria. Rice Garland, 13 Opelousas. George A. Waggaman, New Orleans. Philemon Thomas, Baton Rouge. Edward D. White, 14 Donaldson ville. Henry Johnson, 15 Donaldsonville. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George M. Troup in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 31, 1833. 2 Resigned June 27, 1834, having been appointed secretar state. J Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John For- syth, and took his seat January 12, 1835. < Resigned January 13, 1835. 5 Resigned September 21, 1834, having been elected governor. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph Duncan, and took his seat December 1 , 1834. i Died July 26, 1834. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles Slade, and took his seat December 1, 1834. ' Election contested by Thomas P. Moore; House did not seat either party, but declared a new election necessary; sub- sequently elected and took his seat December 1, 1834. 10 Died May 19, 1833. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Josiah S. John- ston, and took his seat January 6, 1834. 12 Resigned November 15, 1834, having been appointed judge of the supreme court of Louisiana. "Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry A. Bullard, and took his seat April 28, 1834. 14 Resigned November 15, 1834, having been elected governor. 16 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward D. White, and took his seat December 1, 1834. 134 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Pel eg Sprague, 1 Hallowell. John Ruggles, 2 Thomaston. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George Evans, Gardiner. Joseph Hall, Camden. Leonard Jarvis, Ellsworth. Edward Kavanagh, Damariscotta. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Ezekiel F. Chambers, 3 Chestertown. Robert H. Goldsborough, 4 Easton. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard B. Carmichael, Centerville. Littleton P. Dennis, 5 Princess Anne. John N. Steele, 6 Vienna. James P. Heath, Baltimore. William Cost Johnson, Jefferson. Ether Shepley, Saco. Moses Mason, jr., Bethel. Rufus Mclntire, Parsonsfield. Gorham Parks, Bangor. Francis O. J. Smith, Portland. Joseph Kent, Bladensburg. Isaac McKim, Baltimore. John T. Stoddart, Harris Lot. Francis Thomas, Frederick. James Turner, Wiseburg. MASSACHUSETTS. Nathaniel Silsbee, Salem. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Quincy Adams, Quincy. Isaac C. Bates, Northampton. William Baylies, West Bridgewater. George N. Briggs, Lanesboro. John Davis, 7 Worcester. Levi Lincoln, 8 Worcester. Edward Everett, Charlestown. John Black, Monroe. Harry Cage, Woodville. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MISSOURI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Webster, Boston. Benjamin Gorham, Boston. George Grennell, jr., Greenfield William Jackson, Newton. Gayton P. Osgood, North Andover. Rufus Choate, 9 Salem. Stephen C. Phillips, 10 Salem. John Reed, Yarmouth. George Poindexter, Wilkinson. Franklin E. Plummer, Westville. Alexander Buckner, 11 Jackson. Lewis F. Linn, 12 St. Louis. William H. Ashley, St. Louis. John Bull, Chariton. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Samuel Bell, Chester. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benning M. Bean, Moultenboro. Robert Burns, Hebron. Joseph M. Harper, Canterbury. Isaac Hill, Concord. Henry Hubbard, Charlestown. Franklin Pierce, Hillsboro. 1 Resigned January 1, 1835. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Pele^ Sprague, and took his seat February 6/1835. 3 Resigned in 1834. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ezekiel F. Chambers, and took his seat January 23, 1835. * Died April 14, 1834. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Littleton P. Dennis, and took his seat June 9, 1834. i Resigned January 14, 1834, having been elected governor. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Davis, and took his seat March 5, 1834. 9 Resigned June 30, 1834. N> Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Rufus Choate, and took his seat December 1, 1834. Died June 15, 1833. 12 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Alexander Buckner, and took bis seat December 16, 1833; subsequently elected. TWENTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 135 NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Theodore Frelinghuysen, Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. Philemon Dickerson, Paterson. Samuel Flower, Hamburg. Thomas Lee, Port Elizabeth. Samuel L. Southard, Trenton. James Parker, Perth Amboy. Ferdinand S. Schenck, Six Mile Run. William N. Shinn, Mount Holly. NEW YORK. Silas Wright, jr., Canton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Adams, Catskill. Samuel Beardsley, Utica. Abraham Bockee, Federal Store. Charles Bodle, Bloomingburg. John W. Brown, Newburgh. Churchill C. Cambreleng, New York. Samuel Clark, Waterloo. John Cramer, Waterford. Rowland Day, Sempronius. John Dickson, West Bloomfield. Dudley Selden, 1 New York. Charles G. Ferris, 2 New York. Millard Fillmore, Buffalo. Philp C. Fuller, Geneseo. William K. Fuller, Chittenango. Ransom H. Gillet, Ogdensburg. Nicoll Halsey, Trumansburg. Gideon Hard, Albion. Samuel G. Hathaway, Solon. Abner Hazeltine, Jamestown. Edward Howell, Bath. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, Poughkeepsie Abel Huntington, East Hampton. Noadiah Johnson, Delhi. Gerrit Y. Lansing, Albany. Cornelius W. Lawrence, 3 New York. John J. Morgan, 4 New York. George W. Lay, Batavia. Abijah Mann, jr., Fairfield. Henry C. Martindale, Sandy Hill. Henry Mitchell, Norwich. Charles Me Vean , Canajoharie. Sherman Page, Unadilla. Job Pierson, Schaghticoke. William Taylor, Manlius. Joel Turrell, Oswego. Aaron Vanderpoel, Kinderhook. Isaac B. Van Houten, Clarkstown. Aaron Ward, Mount Pleasant. Daniel Wardwell, Mannsville. Reuben Whallon, Split Rock. Campbell P. White, New York. Frederick Whittlesey, Rochester. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Bedford Brown, Browns Store. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel L. Barringer, Raleigh. Jesse A. Bynum, Halifax. Henry W. Conner, Sherrills Ford. Edmund Deberry, Lawrenceville. James Graham, Rutherford. Thomas H. Hall, Tarboro. Micajah T. Hawkins, Warrenton. OHIO. Willie P. Mangum, Red Mountain. James J. McKay, Elizabethtown. Abraham Rencher, Pittsboro. William B. Shepard, Elizabeth City. Augustine H. Shepperd, German town. Jesse Speight, Stantonsburg. Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. Thomas Ewing, Lancaster. William Allen, 6 Chillicothe. James M. Bell, Cambridge. John Chaney, Courtwright. Thomas Corwin, Lebanon. Joseph H. Crane, Dayton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Morris, Bethel. Thomas L. Hamer, Georgetown. Benjamin Jones, Worcester. Humphrey H. Leavitt, 6 Steubenville. Daniel Kilgore, 7 Cadiz. Robert T. Lytle, 8 Cincinnati. 1 Resigned July 1, 1834. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Dudley Sel- den, and took his seat December 1, 1834. s Resigned May 14, 1834, having been elected mayor of New York City. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Cornelius W. Lawrence, and took his seat December 1, 1834. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Duncan McArrhut. 6 Resigned July 10, 1834, having been appointed judge of the United States district court. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Hum- phrey H. Leavitt, and took his seat December 1, 1834. s Resigned March 10, 1834; elected to fill the vacancy caused by his own resignation, and took his seat December 27, 1834. 136 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. Jeremiah McLene, Columbus. Robert Mitchell, Zanesville. William Patterson, Mansfield. Jonathan Sloane, Ravenna. David Spangler, Coshocton. John Thomson, New Lisbon. Joseph Vance, Urbana. Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. Taylor Webster, Hamilton. Elisha Whittlesey, Canfield. PENNSYLVANIA. William Wilkins, 1 Pittsburg. James Buchanan, 2 Lancaster. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph B. Anthony, Williamsport. John Banks, Mercer. Charles A. Barnitz, York. Andrew Beaumont, Wilkes-Barre. Horace Binney, Philadelphia. George Burd, Bedford. George Chambers, Chambersburg. William Clark, Dauphin. Richard Coulter, Greensburg. Edward Darlington, Chester. Harmar Denny, Pittsburgh. John Galbraith, Franklin. James Harper, Philadelphia. Samuel S. Harrison, Ki tanning. Samuel McKean, Burlington. Joseph Henderson, Browns Mills. William Hiester, New Holland. Henry King, Allentown. John Laporte, Asylum. Thomas M. T. McKennan, Washington. Joel K. Mann, Jenkintown. Jesse Miller, Landisburg. Henry A. Muhlenberg, Reading. David Potts, jr., Pottetown. Robert Ramsey, Harts ville. Andrew Stewart, Union town. Joel B. Sutherland, Philadelphia. David D. Wagener, Easton. John G. Watmough, Philadelphia. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. Asher Robbins, 3 Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Tristam Burges, Providence. Dutee J. Pearce, Newport. SOUTH CAROLINA. John C. Calhoun, Fort Hill. James Blair, 5 Lynch wood. Richard I. Manning, 6 Fulton. William K. Clowney, Union. Warren R. Davis, 7 Pendleton. John M. Felder, Orangeburg. William J. Grayson, Beaufort. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William C. Preston, 4 Columbia. John K. Griffin, Milton. George McDufne, 8 Willington. Francis W. Pickens, 9 Edgefield. Henry L. Pinckney, Charleston. Thomas D. Singleton. 10 Robert B. Campbell, 11 Brownsville. TENNESSEE. Felix Grundy, Nashville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Bell, Nashville. John Blair, Jonesboro. Samuel Bunch, Rutledge. David Crockett, Crockett. David W. Dickinson, Murfreesboro. William C. Dunlap, Bolivar. John B. Forester, McMinn ville. Hugh L. White, Knoxville. William M. Inge, Fayetteville. Cave Johnson, Clarks ville. Luke Lea, Campbells Station. Balie Peyton, Gallatin. James K. Polk, Columbia. James Standifer, Mountairy. Resigned June 30, 1834, having been appointed minister to Russia. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Wilkins, and took his seat December 15, 1834. 'Election unsuccessfully contested by Elisha R. Potter. * Elected to fill vacancy "caused by resignation of Stephen D. Miller in preceding Congress and took his seat December 9, 1833. s Died March 27, 1834. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Blair, and took his seat December 8, 1S34. ' Died January29, 1835. 8 Resigned in 1834. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George Mc- Duffie, and took his seat December 8, 1834. 10 Died November 25, 1833, before the convening of the Con- gress. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas D. Sin- gleton, and took his seat February 27, 1834. TWENTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 137 VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel Prentiss, Montpelier. REPRESENTATIVES. Heman Allen, Burlington. Benjamin F. Deming, 1 Danville. Henry F. Janes, 2 Waterbury. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. William C. Rives, 3 Lindseys Store. Benjamin W. Leigh, 4 Richmond. REPRESENTATIVES. John J. Allen, Clarksburg. William S. Archer, Elk Hill. James M. H. Beale, New Market. Nathaniel H. Claiborne, Rockymount. Thomas Davenport, Meadville. John H. Fulton, Abingdon. James H. Gholson, Percivals. William F. Gordon, Lindseys Store. George Loyall, Norfolk. Edward Lucas, Charlestown. John Y. Mason, Hicksford. William McComas, Greenbrier. Benjamin Swift, St. Albans. Horace Everett, Windsor. Hiland Hall, Bennington. William Slade, Middlebury. John Tyler, Gloucester. Thomas T. Bouldin, 5 Charlotte. James W. Bouldin, 8 Charlotte. Joseph W. Chinn, Nuttsville. Samuel McDowell Moore, Lexington. Charles F. Mercer, Aldie. John M. Patton, Fredericksburg. Andrew Stevenson, 7 Richmond. John Robertson, 8 Richmond. William P. Taylor, Fredericksburg. Edgar C. Wilson, Morgan town. Henry A. Wise, Onancock. ARKANSAW TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Ambrose H. Sevier, Little Rock. TERRITORY OF FLORIDA. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White, Monticello. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Lucius Lyon, Bronson. 1 Died July 11, 1834. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Benjamin F. Deming, and took his seat December 2, 1834. " Resigned February 22, 1834. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William C. Rives, and took his seat March 5, 1834. 5 Died February 11, 1834, while addressing the House. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas -T. Bouldin, and took his seat March 28, 1834. 7 Resigned June 2, 1834. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Andrew Stevenson, and took his seat December 8, 1834. TWENTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1835, TO MARCH 3, 1837. FIRST SESSION December 7, 1835, to July 4, 1836. SECOND SESSION December 5, 1836, to March 3, 1837. VICE PRESIDENT Martin Van Buren, of New York. PEESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPOBE William B. King, 1 of Alabama. SECBETABIES OF THE SENATE Walter Lowrie, of Pennsylvania; Asbury Dickens, 2 of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE James K. Polk, of Tennessee. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Walter S. Franklin, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. William R. King, Selma. Reuben Chapman, Somerville. Joshua L. Martin, Athens. Joab Lawler, Mardisville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. ARKANSAS. 3 Gabriel Moore, Huntsville. Dixon H. Lewis, Lowndesboro. Francis S. Lyon, Demopolis. SENATORS. William S. Fulton, 4 Little Rock. Ambrose H. Sevier, 5 Lake Port. REPRESENTATIVE. Archibald Yell, 6 Fayetteville. CONNECTICUT. Gideon Tomlinson, Fairfield. SENATORS. Nathan Smith, 7 New Haven. John M. Niles, 8 Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Elisha Haley, Mystic. Lancelot Phelps, Hitchcockville. Andrew T. Judson. 9 Canterbury. Isaac Toucey, Hartford. Orrin Holt, 10 Willington. Zalmon Wildrnan, 11 Danbury. Samuel Ingham, Saybrook. DELAWARE. Thomas T. Whittlesey , 12 Danbury. SENATORS. John M. Clayton, 13 Dover. Thomas Clayton, 14 New Castle. REPRESENTATIVE. Arnold Naudain, 15 Wilmington. Richard H. Bayard, 16 Wilmington. John J. Milligan, Wilmington. 1 Elected July 1, 1836; January 28, 1837. 2 Elected December 12, 1836. 3 Admitted as a State into the Union June 15, 1836. 4 Took his seat December 5, 1836; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1841. 5 Took his seat December 5, 1836; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1837. e Took his seat December 5, 1836. i Died December 6, 1835. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Nathan Smith, and took his seat December 21, 1835; subsequently elected. "Resigned July 4, 1836. 138 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Andrew T. Judson, and took his seat December 5, 1836. 11 Died December 10, 1835. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Zalmon Wild- man, and took his seat April 29, 1836. is Resigned December 29, 1836. 14 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John M. Clayton, and took his seat January 19, 1837. 5 Resigned June 16, 1836. is Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Arnold Naudain, and tcok his seat June 20, 1836. TWENTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 139 John P. King, Augusta. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. B. Towns, 1 Talbotton. Julius C. Alford, 2 La Grange. Jesse F. Cleveland, Decatur. John Coffee, 3 Jacksonville. William C. Dawson, 4 Greensboro. Thomas Glascock, Augusta. Alfred Cuthbert, Monticello. Sea ton Grantland, Milledgeville. Charles E. Haynes, Sparta. Hopkins Holsey, Hamilton. Jabez Jackson, Clarkesville. George W. Owens, Savannah. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Elias K. Kane, 5 Kaskaskia. William L. D. Ewing, 6 Vandalia. John Reynolds. Belleville. Zadoc Casey, Mount Vernon. William Hendricks, Madison. Ratliff Boon, Boonville. John W. Davis, Carlisle. John Carr, Charleston. Amos Lane, Lawrenceburg. REPRESENTATIVES. INDIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Robinson, Carmi. William L. May, Springfield. John Tipton, Logansport. Jonathan McCarty, Fort Wayne. George L. Kinnard, 7 Indianapolis. William Herod, 8 Columbus. Edward A. Hannegan, Covington. KENTUCKY. Henry Clay, Lexington. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES Linn Boyd, New Design. Albert G. Hawes, Hawesville. Joseph R. Underwood, Bowling Green. Sherrod Williams, Monticello. James Harlan, Harrodsburg. John Calhoun, Hardinsburg. Benjamin Hardin, Bardstown. John J. Crittenden, Frankfort. William J. Graves, Newcastle. John White, Richmond. Chilton Allan, Winchester. Richard French, Mount Sterling. John Chambers, Washington. Richard M. Johnson, Great Crossing. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Alexander Porter, 9 Attakapas. Alexander Mouton, 10 Vermilionville. Robert C. Nicholas, 11 Donaldsonville. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Johnson, Donaldsonville. Eleazer W. Ripley, Jackson. Rice Garland, Opelousas. 1 Resigned September 1, 1836. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George W. Towns, and took his seat January 31, 1837. 3 Died in 1836. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Coffee, and took his seat December 26, 1836. s Died December 11. 1835. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Elias K. Kane, and took his seat January 25, 1836. i Died November 25, 1836. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George L. Kin- nard, and took his seat January 25, 1837. 9 Resigned January 5, 1837. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Alexander Porter, and took his seat February 2, 1837. u Elected for the term beginning March 4, 1835, and took his seat March 4, 1836. Charles E. A. Gayarre was elected, but resigned on account of ill health before qualifying; vacancy in this class from March 4, 1835, to January 13, 1836. 140 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Ether Shepley, 1 Saco. Judah Dana, 2 Fryeburg. Jeremiah Bailey, Wiscasset. George Evans, Gardiner. John Fairfield, Saco. Joseph Hall, Camden. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Robert H. Goldsborough, 3 Easton. John S. Spence, 4 Berlin. REPRESENTATIVES. John N. Steele, Vienna. James A. Pearce, Chestertown. James Turner, Wiseburg. Benjamin C. Howard, Baltimore. John Ruggles, Thomaston. Leonard Jarvis, Ellsworth. Moses Mason, jr., Bethel. Gorham Parks, Bangor. Francis O. J. Smith, Portland. Joseph Kent, Bladensburg. Isaac McKim, Baltimore. George C. Washington, Rockville. Francis Thomas, Frederick. Daniel Jenifer, Harrisons Lot. MASSACHUSETTS. John Davis, Worcester. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Abbott Lawrence, Boston. Stephen C. Phillips, Salem. Caleb Gushing, Newburyport. Samuel Hoar, Concord. Levi Lincoln, Worcester. George Grennell, jr., Greenfield. Daniel Webster, Boston. George N. Briggs, Lanesboro. William B. Calhoun, Springfield. William Jackson, Newton. Nathaniel B. Borden, Fall River. John Reed, Yarmouth. John Quincy Adams, Quincy. MICHIGAN. 5 SENATORS. Lucius Lyon, 6 Bronson. John Norvell, 7 Detroit. REPRESENTATIVE . Isaac E. Crary, 8 Marshall. MISSISSIPPI. John Black, Monroe. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. H. Claiborne, Madison ville. MISSOURI. Robert J. Walker, Madison ville. David Dickson, 9 Jackson. Samuel J. Gholson, 10 Athens. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. Louis F. Linn, St. Genevieve. REPRESENTATIVES. William II. Ashley, St. Louis. Albert G. Harrison, Fulton. Resigned March 3, 1836. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ether mined by lot, March 3, 1841. 7 Took his seat January 20, 1837; term to expire, as detrr- Shepley, and took his seat December 21, 1836. 3 Died October 5, 1836. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Robert II. Golds- borough, and took his seat January 11, 1837. '> Admitted as a State into the Union January 26, 1837. 6 Took his seat January 26, 1837; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1839. Took his seat January 27, 1837. 9 Died in 1836. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of David Dickson, and took his seat January 7, 1837. TWENTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 141 NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Henry Hubbard, Charlestown. REPRESENTATIVES. Benning M. Bean, Moultonboro. Robert Burns, Plymouth. Samuel Cushman, Portsmouth. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Samuel L. Southard, Trenton. REPRESENTATIV E 8, Philemon Dickerson, 3 Paterson. William Chetwood, 4 Elizabethtown. Samuel Fowler, Hamburg. Thomas Lee, Port Elizabeth. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, Poughkeepsie. REPRESENTATIVES. Abel Huntington, East Hampton. Samuel Barton, Richmond. Churchill C. Cambreleng, New York. Gideon Lee, New York. John McKeon, New York. Ely Moore, New York Aaron Ward, Mount Pleasant. Abraham Bockee, Federal Stone. John W. Brown, Newburgh. Nicholas Sickles, Kingston. Valentine Effner, Jefferson. Aaron Vanderpoel, Kinderhook. Hiram P. Hunt, Troy. Gerrit Y. Lansing, Albany. John Cramer, Waterford. David Russell, Salem. Dudley Farlin, Warrensburg. Ransom H. Gillet, Ogdensburg. Matthias J. Bovee, Amsterdam. Abijah Mann, jr., Fairneld. Samuel Beardsley, 5 Utica. Isaac Hill, 1 Concord. John Page, 2 Haverhill. Franklin Pierce, Hillsboro. Joseph Weeks, Richmond. Garret D. Wall, Burlington. James Parker, Perth Amboy. Ferdinand S. Schenck, Six Mile Run. William N. Shinn, Mount Holly. Silaa Wright, jr., Canton. Rutger B. Miller, 6 Utica. Joel Turrell, Oswego. Daniel Wardwell, Mannsville. Sherman Page, Unadilla. William Seymour, Binghamton. William Mason, Preston. Stephen B. Leonard, Owego. Joseph Reynolds, Virgil. William K. Fuller, Chittenango. William Taylor, Manlius. Ulysses F. Doubleday, Auburn. Graham H. Chapin, Lyons. Francis Granger, Canandaigua. Joshua Lee, Penn Yan. Timothy Childs, Rochester. George W. Lay, Batavia. Philo C. Fuller, 7 Geneseo. John Young, 8 Geneseo. Abner Hazeltine, Jamestown. Thomas C. Love, Buffalo. Gideon Hard, Albion. NORTH CAROLINA. Bedford Brown, Browns Store. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William B. Shepard, Elizabeth City. Jesse A. Bynum, Halifax. Ebenezer Pettigrew, Cool Spring. Jesse Speight, Stantonsburg. James J. McKay, Elizabethtown. Micajah T. Hawkins, Warrenton. Edmund Deberry, Lawrenceville. Willie P. Mangum, 7 Red Mountain. Robert Strange, 9 Fayetteville. William Montgomery, Albrights. Augustine H. Shepperd, Germantown. Abraham Rencher, Pittsboro. Henry W. Conner, Sherrills Ford. James Graham, 10 Rutherfordton. Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. 1 Resigned May 30, 1830, having been elected governor. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Isaac Hill, and took his seat June 13, 1836. 3 Resigned November 3, 1836. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Philemon Dickerson, and took his seat December 5, 1836. s Resigned March 29, 1836. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Beardsley, and took his seat December 5, 1836. i Resigned September 2, 1836. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Philo C. Fuller, and took his seat December 6, 1836. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Willie P. Mangum, and took his seat December 15, 1836. 10 Seat declared vacant March 29, 1836, on account of irregu- larities in election; subsequently elected and took his seat December 5, 1836. 142 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Thomas Ewing, Lancaster. OHIO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Bellamy Storer, Cincinnati. Taylor Webster, Hamilton. Joseph H. Crane, Dayton. Thomas Corwin, Lebanon. Thomas L. Hamer, Georgetown. Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. William K. Bond, Chillicothe. Jeremiah McLene, Columbus. John Chaney, Courtwright. Samson Mason, Springfield. PENNSYLVANIA. Thomas Morris, Bethel. William Kennon, St. Clairsville. Elias Howell, Newark. David Spangler, Coshocton. William Patterson, Mansfield. Jonathan Sloane, Ravenna. Elisha Whittlesey, Canfield. John Thomson, New Lisbon. Benjamin Jones, Wqoster. Daniel Kilgore, Cadiz. James Buchanan, Lancaster. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE S . Joel B. Sutherland, Philadelphia. Joseph R. Ingersoll, Philadelphia. James Harper, Philadelphia. Michael W. Ash, Philadelphia. Edward Darlington, Chester. William Hi ester, New Holland. David Potts, jr., Pottstown. Jacob Fry, jr., Trappe. Mathias Morris, Doylestown. David D. Wagener, Easton. Edward B. Hubley, Orwigsburg. Henry A. Muhlenberg, Reading. William Clark, Dauphin. Henry Logan, Dillsburg. George Chambers, Chambersburg. Samuel McKean, Burlington. Jesse Miller, 1 Landisburg. James Black, 2 Newport. Joseph Henderson, Browns Mills. Andrew Beaumont, Wilkes-Barre. Joseph B. Anthony, Williamsport. John Laporte, Asylum. Job Mann, Bedford. John Kilgensmith, jr., Stewartsville. Andrew Buchanan, Waynesburg. Thomas M. T. McKennan, Washington. Harmar Denny, Pittsburgh. Samuel S. Harrison, Kittatinning. John Banks, 1 Mercer. John J. Pierson, 3 Mercer. John Galbraith, Franklin. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. Asher Robbins, Newport. , i v , , REPRESENTATIVES. Dutee J. Pearce, Newport. William Sprague, jr., Natick. SOUTH CAROLINA. John C. Calhoun, Fort Hill. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Campbell, Brownsville. William I. Grayson, Beaufort. John K. Griffin, Milton. James H. Hammond, 1 Silverton. Franklin H. Elmore, 4 Columbia. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Felix Grundy, Nashville. REPRESENTATIVES. William B. Carter, Elizabethton. Samuel Bunch, Rutledge. Luke Lea, Campbells Station. James Standifer, Mount Airy. John B. Forester, McMinnsville. Balie Peyton, Gallatin. John Bell, Nashville. William C. Preston, Columbia. Francis W. Pickens, Edgefield. Henry L. Pinckney, Charleston. Richard I. Manning, 5 Fulton. John P. Richardson, 6 Fulton. James Rogers, Yorkville. Waddy Thompson, jr., Greenville. Hugh Lawson White, Knoxville. Abraham P. Maury, Franklin. James K. Polk, Columbia. Ebenezer J. Shields, Pulaski. Cave Johnson, Clarksville. Adam Huntsman, Jackson. William C. Dunlap, Bolivar. 1 Resigned October 30, 1836. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jesse Miller, and took his seat December 5, 1836. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Banks, and took his seat December 5, 1836. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James H. Hammond, and took his seat December 19, 1836. s Died May 1, 1836. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Richard I. Man- ning, and took his seat December 19, 1836. TWENTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 143 VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel Prentiss, Montpelier. Benjamin Swift, St. Albans. REPRESENTATIVES. Hiland Hall, Bennington. William Slade, Middlebury. Horace Everett, Windsor. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Benjamin W. Leigh, 1 Richmond. Richard E. Parker, 2 Snickersville. REPRESENTATIVES. James M. H. Beale, Mount Jackson. James W. Bouldin, Charlotte. Nathaniel H. Claiborne, Rocky Mount. Walter Coles, Robertsons Store. Robert Craig, Christiansburg. George C. Dromgoole, Gholsonville. James Garland, Lovingston. George W. Hopkins, Lebanon. Joseph Johnson, Bridgeport. John W. Jones, Petersburg. George Loyall, Norfolk. Heman Allen, Burlington. Henry F. Janes, Waterbury. John Tyler, 3 Gloucester. William C. Rives, 4 Lindseys Store. Edward Lucas, jr., Charlestown. William McComas, Cabell. John Y. Mason, 5 Hicksford. Charles F. Mercer, Aldie. William S. Morgan, White Day. John M. Patton, Fredericksburg. John Roane, Rumfprd Academy. John Robertson, Richmond. John Taliaferro, Fredericksburg. Henry A. Wise, Accomac. ARKANSAW TERRITORY. DELEGATE. Ambrose H. Sevier, 6 Lake Port. TERRITORY OF FLORIDA. DELEGATE. Joseph M. White, Monticello. MICHIGAN TERRITORY. 7 DELEGATE. George W. Jones, 8 Sinsinawa Mound. TERRITORY OF WISCONSIN. 9 DELEGATE. George W. Jones, 10 Sinsinawa" Mound. 1 Resigned July 4, 1836. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Benjamin W. Leigh, and took his seat December 15, 1836. a Resigned February 29, 1836. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Tyler, and took his seat March 14, 1836. 6 Resigned January 11, 1837. Became Senator upon the granting of Statehood to the ter- ritory. 7 A portion of the territory was given statehood as the State of Michigan January 26, 1837. s Served until after the Territory of Wisconsin had been created out of Michigan Territory, or until December, 1836. 9 Formed from a portion of Michigan Territory and granted a Delegate in Congress by Act of April 20, 1836. i Elected the first Delegate from the newly-formed terri- tory, qualified, and took his seat December 5, 1836. TWENTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1837, TO MARCH 3, 1839. FIRST SESSION September 4, 1837, to October 16, 1837. SECOND SESSION Decem- ber 4, 1837, to July 9, 1838. THIRD SESSION December 3, 1838, to March 3, 1839. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1837, to March 10, 1837. VICE PRESIDENT Richard M. Johnson, of Kentucky. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE William R. King, 1 of Alabama. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickens, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE James K. Polk, of Tennessee. CLERKS OF THE HOUSE Walter S. Franklin, of Pennsylvania; Hugh A. Garland, 2 of Virginia. ALABAMA. SENATORS. John McKinley, 3 Florence. William R. King, Selma. Clement C. Clay, 4 Hunts ville. REPRESENTATIVES. Reuben Chapman, Somerville. George W. Crabb, 6 Tuscaloosa. Joshua L. Martin, Athens. Dixon H. Lewis, Lowndesboro. Joab Lawler, 6 Mardisville. Francis S. Lyon, Demopolis. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William S. Fulton, Little Rock. Ambrose H. Sevier, Lake Port. REPRESENTATIVE. Archibald Yell, Fayetteville. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. John M. Niles, Hartford. Perry Smith, New Milford. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac Toucey, Hartford. Elisha Haley, Mystic. Samuel Ingham, Saybrook. Lancelot Phelps, Hitchcockville. Thomas T. Whittlesey, Danbury. Orrin Holt, Willington. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Richard H. Bayard, Wilmington. Thomas Clayton, New Castle. REPRESENTATIVE . John J. Milligan, Wilmington. 1 Elected March 7, 1837 (special session of the Senate); Octo- 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John her 13, 1837; July 2, 1838; February 25, 1839. McKinley. and took his seat September 4, 1837. 2 Elected December 3, 1838. 5 Died May 8, 1838. Resigned April 22, 1837. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Joab Lawler, and took his seat December 3. 1838. 144 TWENTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 145 Alfred Cuthbert, Monticello. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse F. Cleveland, Decatur. William C. Dawsen, Greensboro. Thomas Glascock, Augusta. Seatoii Grantland, Milledgeville. Charles E. Haynes, Sparta. John P. King, 1 Augusta. Wilson Lumpkin, 2 Athens. Hopkins Holsey, Hamilton. Jabez Jackson, Clarkesville. George W. Owens, Savannah. George W. Towns, Talbotton. ILLINOIS. '; SENATORS. John M. Robinson, Carmi. Richard M. Young, Quincy. REPRESENTATIVES. Adam W. Snyder, Belleville. William L. May, Springfield. Zadoc Casey, Mount Vernon. INDIANA. SENATORS. Oliver H. Smith, Connersville. John Tipton, Logansport. REPRESENTATIVES. Ratliff Boon, Boonville. John Ewing, Vincennes. William Graham, Vallonia. George H. Dunn, Lawrenceburg. Henry Clay, Lexington. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John L. Murray, Wadesboro. Edward Rumsey, Greenville. Joseph R. Underwood, Bowling Green. Sherrod Williams, Monticello. James Harlan, Harrodsburg. John Calhoun, Hardinsburg. John Pope, S,pringfield. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Alexander Mouton, Vermilion ville. James Rariden, Centerville. William Herod, Columbus. Albert S. White, Lafayette. John J. Crittenden, Frankfort. William J. Graves, New Castle. John White, Richmond. Richard Hawes, Winchester. Richard H. Menifee, Mount Sterling. John Chambers, Washington. William W. Southgate, Covington. Robert C. Nicholas, Donaldsonville. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Johnson, Bringiers. Rice Garland, Opelousas. Eleazer W. Ripley, Jackson. MAINE. John Ruggles, Thomaston. Hugh J. Anderson, Belfast. Timothy J. Carter, 4 Paris. Virgil D. Parris, 6 Buckfield. Jonathan Cilley, 6 Thomastown. Edward Robinson, 7 Thomaston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Reuel Williams, 3 Augusta. John Fairfield, Saco. Joseph C. Noyes, Eastport. Francis O. J. Smith, Portland. Thomas Davee, Blanchard. George Evans, Gardiner. i Resigned November 1, 1837. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John P. King, and took his seat December 13, 1837. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ether Shepley in preceding Congress, and took his seat March 4, 1837. Died March 14, 1838. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 10 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Timothy J. Car- ter, and took his seat May 29, 1838. 8 Killed in a duel with William J. Graves, of Kentucky. February 24, 1838. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Jonathan Cilley, and took his seat April 28, 1838. 146 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MARYLAND. Joseph Kent, 1 Bladensburg. William D. Merrick, 2 Aliens Fresh. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Dennis, Princess Anne. James A. Pearce, Chestertown. John T. H. Worthington, Golden. Benjamin C. Howard, Baltimore. Isaac McKim, 3 Baltimore. John S. Spence, Berlin. John P. Kennedy, 4 Baltimore. William C. Johnson, Jefferson. Francis Thomas, Frederick. Daniel Jenifer, Harrisons Lot. MASSACHUSETTS. Daniel Webster, Boston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard Fletcher, Boston. Stephen C. Phillips, 5 Salem. Leverett Saltonstall, 6 Salem. Caleb Gushing, Newburyport. William Parmenter, East Cambridge. Levi Lincoln, Worcester. George Grennell, jr., Greenfield. John Davis, Worcester. George N. Briggs, Lanesboro. William B. Calnpun, Springfield. William S. Hastings, Mendon. Nathaniel B. Borden, Fall River. John Reed, Yarmouth. John Quincy Adams, Quincy. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Lucius Lyon, Bronson. John Norvell, Detroit. REPRESENTATIVE. Isaac E. Crary, Marshall. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. John Black, 7 Monroe. James F. Trotter, 8 Holly Springs. Thomas H. Williams, 9 Pontitoc. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. H. Claiborne, 10 Madisonville. Samuel J. Gholson, 11 Athens. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. MISSOURI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert J. Walker, Madisonville. Sergeant S. Prentiss, 11 Vicksburg. Thomas J. Word, 11 Pontitoc. Lewis F. Linn, St. Genevieve. Albert G. Harrison, Fulton. John Miller, Boonville. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Henry Hubbard, Charlestown. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles G. Atherton, Nashua. Samuel Cushman, Portsmouth. James Farrington, Rochester. Franklin Pierce, Hillsboro. Joseph Weeks, Richmond. Jared W. Williams, Lancaster. ' Died November 24, 1837. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Joseph Kent, and took his seat January 5, 1838. ^ Died April 1. 1838. Elected to flll vacancy caused by death of Isaac McKim, and took his seat April 30, 1838. & Resigned in 1838. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Stephen C. Phillips, and took his seat December 5, 1838. i Resigned January 22, 1838. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Black, and took his seat February 19, 1838; resigned July 10, 1838. Appointed to flll vacancy caused by resignation of James F. Trotter, and took his seat December 13, 1838; subsequently elected. 10 Declared to have been duly elected Octobers, 1837: decision subsequently reversed, and seat declared vacant January 31, 1838. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the House declaring the seats of John H. F. Claiborne and Samuel J. Gholson vacant, and took his seat May 30, 1838. TWENTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 147 NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Samuel L. Southard, Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Aycrigg, Hackensack. William Halstead, Trenton. John P. B. Maxwell, Belvidere. Silaa Wright, jr., Canton. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Jackson, Newtown. Abraham Vanderveer, Brooklyn. Ogden Hoffman, New York. Edward Curtis, New York. Churchill C. Cambreleng, New York. Ely Moore, New York. Gouverneur Kemble, Cold Spring. Obadiah Titus, Washington. Nathaniel Jones, Warwick. John C. Brodhead, Modena. Zadock Pratt, Prattsyille. Robert McClellan, Middleburg. Henry Vail, Troy. Albert Gallup, East Berne. John J. De Graff, Scheneetady. David Russell. Salem. John Palmer, Plattsburg. James B. Spencer, Fort Covington. John Edwards, Ephratah. Arphaxed Loomis, Little Falls. Henry A. Foster, Rome. Garret D. Wall, Burlington. Joseph F. Randolph, Freehold. Charles C. Stratton, Swedesboro. Thomas Jones Yorke, Salem. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, Poughkeepsie. Abraham P. Grant, Oswego. Isaac H. Bronson, Watertown. John H. Prentiss, Cooperstown. Amasa J. Parker, Delhi. John C. Clarke, Bainb ridge. Andrew D. W. Bruyn, 1 Ithaca. Cyrus Beers, 2 Ithaca. Hiram Gray, Elmira. William Taylor, Manlius. Bennet Bicknell, Morrisville. William H. Noble, Cato. Samuel Birdsall, Waterloo. Mark H. Sibley, Canandaigua. John T. Andrews, North Reading. Timothy Childs, Rochester. William Patterson, 3 \Varsaw. Harvey Putnam, 4 Attica. Luther C. Peck, Pike. Richard P. Marvin, Jamestown. Millard Fillmore, Buffalo. Charles F. Mitchell, Lockport. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Bedford Brown, Browns Store. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel T. Sawyer, Edenton. Jesse A. Bynum, Halifax. Edward Stanly, Washington. Charles Shepard, Newbern. James J. McKay, Elizabeth town. Micajah T. Hawkins, Warrenton. Edmon Deberry, Lawrenceville. OHIO. Robert Strange, Fayetteville. William Montgomery, Albrights. Augustine H. Shepperd, Bethania. Abraham Rencher, Pittsboro. Henry W. Conner, Sherrills Ford. James Graham, Rutherfordton. Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. William Allen, Chillicothe. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander Duncan, Cincinnati. Taylor Webster, Hamilton. Patrick G. Goode, Sydney. Thomas Corwin, Lebanon. Thomas L. Hamer, Georgetown. Calvary Morris, Athens. William K. Bond, Chillicothe. Joseph Ridgway, Columbus. John Chaney, Courtwright. Samson Mason, Springfield. James Alexander, jr., St. Clairsville. Thomas Morris, Bethel. Alexander Harper, Zanesville. Daniel P. Leadbetter, Millersburg. William H. Hunter, Sandusky. John W. Allen, Cleveland. Elisha Whittlesey, 5 Canfield. Joshua R. Giddings, 6 Jefferson. Andrew W. Loomis, 7 New Lisbon. Charles D. Coffin, 8 New Lisbon. Matthias Sheplor, Bethlehem. Daniel Kilgore, 9 Cadiz. Henry Swearingen, 10 Smithfield. 1 Died July 27, 1838. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Andrew D. W. Bruyn, and took his seat December 3, 1838. 3 Died August 14, 1838. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Patter- son, and took his seat December 3, 1838. 6 Resigned July 9, 1838. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Elisha Whittlesey, and took his seat December 3, 1838. 7 Resigned October 20, 1837. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Andrew W. Loomis, and took his seat December 20, 1837. 9 Resigned in 1838. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Daniel Kil- gore, and took his seat December 3, 1838. 148 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Samuel McKean, Burlington. James Buchanan, Lancaster. REPRESENTATIVES. Lemuel Paynter, Philadelphia. John Sergeant, Philadelphia. George W. Toland, Philadelphia. Francis J. Harper, 1 Frankford. Charles Naylpr, 2 Philadelphia. Edward Da vies, Church town. David Potts, jr., Pottstown. Edward Darlington, Chester. Jacob Fry, jr., Trappe. Mathias Morris, Doylestown. David D. Wagener, Easton. Edward B. Hubley, Orwigsburg. Henry A. Muhlenberg, 3 Reading. George M. Keim, 4 Reading. Luther Reily, Harrisburg. Henry Logan, Dillsburg. Daniel Sheffer, York. Charles McClure, Carlisle. William W. Potter, Bellefonte. David Petrikin, Danville. Robert H. Hammond, Milton. Samuel W. Morris, Wellsboro. Charles Ogle, Somerset. John Klingensmith, jr., Stewartsville. Andrew Buchanan, Waynesburg. Thomas M. T. McKennan, Washington. Richard Biddle, Pittsburgh. William Beatty, Butler. Thomas Henry, Beaver. Arnold Plumer, Franklin. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. Asher Robbins, Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Cranston, Newport. Joseph L. Tillinghast, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA. John C. Calhoun, Fort Hill. John Campbell, Parnassus. William K. Clowney, Union. Franklin H. Elmore, Columbia. John K. Griffin, Milton. Hugh S. Legare, Charleston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Felix Grundy, 5 Nashville. Ephraim H. Foster, 6 Nashville. REPRESENTATIVES. William B. Carter, Elizabeth ton. Abraham McClellan, Blountsville. Joseph L. Williams, Knoxville. William Stone, Delphi. Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. William B. Campbell, Carthage. John Bell, Nashville William C. Preston, Columbia. Francis W. Pickens, Edgefield. Robert Barnwell Rhett, Beaufort. John P. Richardson, Fulton. Waddy Thompson, jr., Greenville. Hugh L. White, Knoxville. Abraham P. Maury, Franklin. James K. Polk, Columbia. Ebenezer J. Shields, Ptilaski. Richard Cheatham, Springfield. John W. Crockett, Paris. Christopher H. Williams, Lexington. VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel Prentiss, Montpelier. Benjamin Swift, St. Albans, REPRESENTATIVES. Hiland Hall, Bennington. William Slade, Middlebury. Horace Everett, Windsor. Heman Allen, Burlington. Isaac Fletcher, Lyndon. 1 Died March 18, 1837, before the convening of the Congress. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Francis J. Har- per, and took his seat September 4, 1837. s Resigned February 9, 1838. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry A. Muhlenberg, and took his seat March 17, 1838. 6 Resigned July 4, 1838. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Felix Grundy, and took his seat December 3, 1838, subsequently elected' for full term commencing March 4, 1839, and resigned March 3, 1839. TWENTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 149 VIRGINIA. SENATORS. William C. Rives, Lindseys Store. Richard E. Parker, 1 Snickersville. William H. Roane, 2 Richmond. REPRESENTATIVES. ^ Andrew Beirne, Union. James M. Mason, Winchester. James W. Bouldin, Charlotte. Charles F. Mercer, Aldie. Walter Coles, Robertsons Store. William S. Morgan, White Day. Robert Craig, Christiansburg. John M. Patton, 3 Fredericksburg. George C. Dromgoole, Belfast. Linn Banks, 4 Madison. James Garland, Lovingston. Isaac S. Pennybacker, Harrisonburg. George W. Hopkins, Lebanon. Francia E. Rives, Littleton. Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. John Robertson, Richmond. Joseph Johnson, Bridgeport. Archibald Stuart, Mount Airy. John W. Jones, Petersburg. John Taliaferro, Fredericksburg. Francis Mallory, Hampton. Henry A. Wise, Accomac. TERRITORY OF FLORIDA DELEGATE. Charles Downing, St. Augustine. TERRITORY OF IOWA. 5 DELEGATE. William W. Chapman, Burlington. TERRITORY OF WISCONSIN. DELEGATES. George W. Jones, 6 Sinsinawa Mound. James D. Doty, 7 Astor. ' Resigned March 13, 1837. 5 Form from a portion of the Territory of Wisconsin and 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Richard E. granted a delegate in Congress by Act of June 12, 1838. Parker, and took his seat September 4, 1837. 'Served until January 14, 1839; succeeded by James D. s Resigned in 1838. Doty, who contested his election. 'Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John M. 'Successfully contested the election of George W. Jones, Patton, and took his seat May 19, 1838. and took his seat January 14, 1839. TWENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1839, TO MARCH 3, 1841. FIRST SESSION December 2, 1839, to July 21, 1840. SECOND SESSION December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1841. VICE PRESIDENT Richard M. Johnson, of Kentucky. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE William R. King, 1 of Alabama. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE- Asbury Dickens, o North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Robert M. T. Hunter, 2 of Virginia. CLERK OF THE HOTTSE Hugh A. Garland, of Virginia. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William R. King, Selma. Clement C. Clay, Huntsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Reuben Chapman, Somerville. David Hub bard, Courtland. George W. Crabb, Tuloosasca. Dixon H. Lewis, Lowndesboro. James Dellet, Claiborne. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William S. Fulton, Little Rock. Ambrose H. Sevier, Lake Port. REPRESENTATIVE . Edward Cross, Washington. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Perry Smith, New Milford. Thaddeus Bette, 3 Norwalk. Jabez W. Huntington, 4 Norwich. Thomas B. Osborne, Fairneld. Truman Smith, Litchfield. John H. Brockway, Ellington. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Trumbull, Hartford. William L. Storrs, 5 Middletown. William W. Boardman, 6 New Haven. Thomas W. Williams, New London. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Richard II. Bayard, 7 Wilmington. Thomas Clayton, New Castle. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas Robinson, jr., Georgetown. ' Continuing from preceding session; reelected July 3, 1840; March 3, 1841. * Elected December 16, 1839. a Died April 7, 1840. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thaddeus Betts, and took his seat June 2, 1840. '> Resigned in June, 1840, to become associate judge of the court of errors. 150 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William L. Storrs, and took his seat December 7, 1840. 7 Resigned September 19, 1839. to become chief justice of Delaware; reelected for the term beginning March 4, 1839, and took his seat January 19, 1841; vacancy in this class from September 19, 1839. to January 15, 1841. TWENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. GEORGIA. 151 Alfred Cuthbert, Monticello. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Julius C. Alford, Lagrange. Edward J. Black, Jacksonboro. Walter T. Colquitt, 1 Columbus. Hinea Holt, 2 Columbus. Mark A. Cooper, Columbus. Wilson Lumpkin, Athens. William C. Dawson, Greensboro. Richard W. Habersham, Clarkesville. Thomas Butler King, Waynesville. Eugenius A. Nisbet, Macon. Lott Warren, Palmyra. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. John M. Robinson, Carmi. Richard M. Young, Quincy. REPRESENTATIVES. John Reynolds, Belleville. Zadok Casey, Mount Vernon. Oliver H. Smith, Indianapolis. INDIANA. SENATORS. George H. Promt, Petersburg. John W. Davis, Carlisle. John Carr, Charlestown. Thomas Smith, Versailles. Henry Clay, Lexington. REPRESENTATIVES. KENTTJCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Linn Boyd, Belleview. Philip Triplett, Owensboro. Joseph R. Underwood, Bowling Green Sherrod Williams, Monticello. Simeon H. Anderson, 5 Lancaster. John B. Thompson, 6 Harrodsburg. Willis Green, Green. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Robert C. Nicholas, Donaldson ville. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward D. White, Thibodeaux ville. Thomas W. Chinn, Baton Rouge. John T. Stuart, Springfield. Albert S. White, Lafayette. James Rariden, Centerville. William W. Wick, Indianapolis. Tilghman A. Howard, 3 Rockville. Henry S. Lane, 4 Crawfords ville. John J. Crittenden, Frankfort. John Pope, Springfield. William J. Graves, Newcastle. John White, Richmond. Richard Hawes. Winchester. Landaff W. Andrews, Flemingsburg. Garrett Davis, Paris. William O. Butler, Carrollton. Alexander Mouton, Vermilionville. Rice Garland, 7 Opelousas. John Moore, 8 Franklin. MAINE. John Ruggles, Thomaston. Hugh J. Anderson, Belfast. Nathan Clifford, Newfield. Thomas Davee, Blanchard. George Evans, Gardiner. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Reuel Williams, Augusta. Joshua A. Lowell, East Machias. Virgil D..Parris, Buckfield. Benjamin Randall, Bath. Albert Smith, Portland. 1 Resigned July 21, 1840. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Walter T. Colquitt, and took his seat February 1, 1841. 3 Resigned August 1, 1840. 'Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Tilghman A. Howard, and took his seat December 7, 1840. s Died August 11, 1840. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Simeon H. Anderson, and took his seat December 7, 1840. ' Resigned July 21, 1840. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Rice Gar- land, and took his seat D'ecember 17, 1840. 152 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MARYLAND. John S. Spence,. 1 Berlin. John L. Kerr, 2 Easton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Dennis, Princess Anne. Philip F. Thomas, Easton. John T. H. Worthington, Shawan. Solomon Hillen, jr., Baltimore. William D. Merrick, Aliens Fresh. James Carroll, Baltimore. William Cost Johnson, Jefferson. Francis Thomas, Frederick. Daniel Jenifer, Milton Hill. MASSACHUSETTS. Daniel Webster, 3 Boston. Rufus Choate, 4 Boston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Abbott Lawrence, 7 Boston. Robert C. Winthrop, 8 Boston. Leverett Saltonstall, Salem. Caleb Gushing, Newburyport. William Parmenter, East Cambridge. Levi Lincoln, Worcester. James C. Alvord, 9 Greenfield. John Davis, 5 Worcester. Isaac C. Bates, 6 Northampton. Osmyn Baker, 10 Amherst. George N. Briggs, Lanesboro. William B. Calhpun, Springfield. William S. Hastings, Mendon. Henry Williams, Taunton. John Reed, Yarmouth. John Quincy Adams, Quincy. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. John Norvell, Detroit. Augustus S. Porter, Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac E. Crary, Marshall. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Robert J. Walker, Madisonville. John Henderson, Pass Christian. Albert G. Brown, Gallatin. Jacob Thompson, Pontotoc. REPRESENTATIVES. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. Lewis F. Linn, St. Genevieve. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert G. Harrison, 11 Fulton. John Jameson, 12 Fulton. John Miller, Conners Mills. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Henry Hubbard, Charlestown. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles G. Atherton, Nashua. Edmund Burke, Newport. Ira A. Eastman, Gilmanton. Franklin Pierce, Concord. Tristram Shaw, Exeter. Jared W. Williams, Lancaster. Died October 29, 1840. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John S. Spence, and took his seat January 13, 1841. s Resigned February 22, 1841. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Daniel Web- ster, and took his seat March 1, 1841. 5 Resigned January 5, 1841. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Davis, and took his seat January 21, 1841. ' Resigned September 18, 1840. " Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Abbott Lawrence, and took his seat December 7, 1840. s Died September 27, 1839, before the assembling of the Congress. 10 Elected to fin vacancy caused by death of James C. Alvord, and took his seat January 14, 1840. 11 Died September 7, 1839. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Albert G. Har- rison, and took his seat December 12, 1839. TWENTY-SIXTH CONGEESS. 153 NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Samuel L. Southard, Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. William R. Cooper, 1 Swedesboro. Philemon Dickerson, 1 Paterson. Joseph Kille, 1 Salem. Silas Wright, jr., Canton. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Jackson, Newtown. James De la Montanya, Haverstraw. Ogden Hoffman, New York. Edward Curtis, New York. Moses H. Grinnell, New York. James Munroe, New York. Gouverneur Kemble, Cold Spring. Charles Johnston, Poughkecpsie. Nathaniel Jones, Warwick. Rufus Palen, Fallsburg. Aaron Vanderpoel, Kinderhook. John Ely, Coxsackie. Hiram P. Hunt, Troy. Daniel D. Barnard, Albany. Anson Brown, 2 Ballston. Nicholas B. Doe, 3 Waterford. David Russell, Salem. Augustus C. Hand, Elizabeth town. John Fine, Ogdensburg^ Peter J. Wagner, Fort Plain. Andrew W. Doig, Lowville. Garret D. Wall, Burlington. Joseph F. Randolph, New Brunswick. Daniel B. Ryall, 1 Freehold. Peter D. Vroom, 1 Somerville. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, Poughkeepsie. John G. Floyd, Utica. David P. Brewster, Oswego. Thomas C. Chittenden, Adams. John H. Prentiss, Cooperstown. Judson Allen, Harpers ville. John C. Clarke, Bainbridge. Stephen B. Leonard, Owego. Amasa Dana, Ithaca. Edward Rogers, Madison-. Nehemiah H. Earl, Syracuse. Christopher Morgan, Aurora. Theron R. Strong, Palmyra. Francis Granger, Canandaigua. Meredith Mallory, Hammondeport. Thomas Kempshall, Rochester. Seth M. Gates, Leroy. Luther C. Peck, Pike. Richard P. Marvin, Jamestown. Millard Fillmore, Buffalo. Charles F. Mitchell, Lockport. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Bedford Brown, 4 Browns Store. Willie P. Mangum, 5 Red Mountain. REPRESENTATIVES . Kenneth Rayner, Winton. Jesse A. Bynurn, Halifax. Edward Stanly, Washington. Charles Shepard, Newbern. James J. McKay, Elizabethtown. Micajah T. Hawkins, Warrenton. Edmund Deberry, Lawrence ville. Robert Strange, 4 Fayetteville. William A. Graham, 6 Hillsboro. William Montgomery, Albrights. John Hill, German town. Charles Fisher, Salisbury. Henry W. Conner, Sherrells Ford. James Graham, Rutherford ton. Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. OHIO. William Allen, Chillicothe. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander Duncan, Cincinnati. John B. Weller, Hamilton. Patrick G. Goode, Sidney. Thomas Corwin, 4 Lebanon. Jeremiah Morrow, 7 Twentymile Stand. William Doan, Withamsville. Calvary Morris, Athens. William Key Bond, Chillicothe. Joseph Ridgway, Columbus. William Medill, Lancaster. Benjamin Tappan, Steubenville. Samson Mason, Springfield. Isaac Parrish, Cambridge. Jonathan Taylor, Newark. Daniel P. Leadbetter, Millersburg. George Sweeny, Bucyrus. John W. Allen, Cleveland. Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. John Hastings, Salem. David A. Starkweather, Canton. Henry Swearingen, Smithfield. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested: took his seat March 10, 1840. 2 Died June 14, 1840. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Bedford Brown, and took his seat December 9, 1840. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Anson Brown, Strange, and took his seat December 10, 1840. and took his seat December 7, 1840. Resigned February 22, 1840, to take effect May 1, 1840. ^ Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas Corwin, and took his seat December 7, 1840. 154 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. PENNSYLVANIA. James Buchanan, Lancaster. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Lemuel Paynter, Philadelphia. John Sergeant, Philadelphia. George W. Toland, Philadelphia. Charles Nay lor, 1 Philadelphia. Edward Davies, Church town. John Edwards, Ivy Mills. Francis James, West Chester. Joseph Fornance, Nprristown. John Davis, Davisville. David D. Wagener, Easton. Peter Newhard, Allentown. George M. Keim, Reading. William Simonton, Hummelstown. James Gerry, Shrewsbury. James Cooper, Gettysburg. William S. Ramsey, 2 Carlisle. Daniel Sturgeon, L'niontown. Charles McClure, 3 Carlisle. William W. Potter, 4 Philadelphia. George McCulloch, 5 Center Line. David Petrikin, Danville. Robert H. Hammond, Milton. Samuel W. Morris, Wellsboro. Charles Ogle, Somerset. Albert G. Marchand, Greensburg. Enos Hook, Waynesburg. Isaac Leet, Washington. Richard Biddle, 6 Pittsburgh. Henry M. Breckenridge, 7 Tarentum. William Beatty, Butler. Thomas Henry, Beaver. John Galbraith, Erie. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. Nathan F. Dixon, Westerly. REPRESENTATIVES . Robert B. Cranston, Newport. Joseph L. Tillinghast, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA. John C. Calhoun, Fort Hill. Samson H. Butler, Barn well. John Campbell, Parnassus. John K. Griffin, Newberry. Isaac E. Holmes, Charleston. Francis W. Pickens, Edgefield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William C. Preston, Columbia. R. Barnwell Rhett, Blue House. James Rogers, Maybinton. Thomas D. Sumter, Slatesburg. Waddy Thompson, jr., Greenville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Hugh L. White, 8 Knoxville. Alexander Anderson, 9 Knoxville. REPRESENTATIVES. William B. Carter, Elizabethton. Abraham McClellan, Blountsville. Joseph L. Williams, Knoxville. Julius W. Blackwell, Athens. Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. William B. Campbell, Carthage. John Bell, Nashville. Samuel Prentiss, Montpelier. Hiland Hall, Bennington. William Slade, Middlebury. Horace Everett, Windsor. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Felix Grundy, 10 Nashville. Alfred O. P. Nicholson, 11 Columbia. Meredith P. Gentry, Harpeth. Harvey M. Watterson, Shelby ville. Aaron V. Brown, Pulaski. Cave Johnson, Clarksville. John W. Crockett, Trenton. Christopher II. Williams, Lexington. Samuel S. Phelps, Middlebury. John Smith, St. Albans. Isaac Fletcher, Lyndon. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Charles J. Ingersoll. 2 Died October 17, 1840. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William S. Ramsey, and took his seat December 7, 1840. 4 Died October 28, 1839, before the assembling of the Con- gress. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William W. Potter, and took his seat December 2, 1839. 6 Resigned in 1840. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Richard Biddle, and took his seat December. 10, 1840. 8 Resigned January 13, 1840. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Hugh L. White, and took his seat Februarv 2('i, 1840. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ephraim H. Foster in preceding Congress, and took his seat January 3, 1840; vacancy in this class from March 4, 1839, to December 14, 1839; died December 19, 1840. 11 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Felix Grundy, and took his seat January 11, 1841. TWENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 155 VIRGINIA. SENATORS. William C. Rives, 1 Lindseys Store. William H. Roane, Richmond. REPRESENTATIVES. Linn Banks, Madison. Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. Andrew Beirne, Union. John W. Jones, Petersburg. John M. Botts, Richmond. William Lucas, Charlestown. Walter Coles, Robertsons Store. Charles F. Mercer, 4 Aldie. Robert Craig, Christiansburg. William M. McCarty, 6 Alexandria. George C. Dromgoole, Gaston. Francis E. Rives, Littleton. James Garland, Lovingston. Green B. Samuels, Woodstock. William L. Goggin, Liberty. Lewis Steenrod, Wheeling. John Hill, Buckingham. John Taliaferro, Fredericksburg. Joel Holleman, 2 Burwell Bay. Henry A. Wise, Accomac. Francis Mallory, 3 Hampton. George W. Hopkins, Lebanon. Joseph Johnson, Bridgeport. TERRITORY OF FLORIDA. DELEGATE. Charles Downing, St. Augustine. TERRITORY OF IOWA. DELEGATES. William W. Chapman, Burlington. Augustus C. Dodge, 6 Burlington. TERRITORY OF WISCONSIN. DELEGATE. James D. Doty, Ash ton. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by expiration of his preced- Resigned December 26, 1839. ing term. March 3, 1839, and took his seat January 30, 1841; 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles F. vacancy in this class from March 4, 1839, to January 18, 1841. Mercer, and took his seat January 25, 1840. 2 Resigned in 1840. Took his seat December 8, 1840. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joel Holle- man, and took his seat January 7, 1841. TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1841, TO MARCH 3, 1843. FIRST SESSION, May 31, 1841, to September 13, 1841. SECOND SESSION, December 6, 1841, to August 31, 1842. THIRD SESSION, December 5,< 1842, to March 3, 1843. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE, March 4, 1841, to March 15, 1841. VICE-PRESIDENT John Tyler, 1 of Virginia. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEM- PORE William R. King, 2 of Alabama; Samuel L. Southard, 3 of New Jersey; Willie P. Mangum, 4 of North Carolina. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickens, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE John White, of Kentucky. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Matthew St. Clair Clarke, of Pennsylvania. William R. King, Selma. ALABAMA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Reuben Chapman, Somerville. George S. Houston, Athens. Dixon H. Lewis, Lowndesboro. Clement C. Clay, 5 Huntsville. Arthur P. Bagby, 6 Tuscaloosa. William W. Payne, Gainesville. Benjamin G. Shields, Demopolis. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William S. Fulton, Little Rock. Ambrose H. Sevier, Lake Port. REPRESENTATIVE. Edward Cross, Washington. CONNECTICUT. Perry Smith, New Milford. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph Trumbull, Hartford. William W. Boardman, New Haven. Thomas W. Williams, New London. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Richard H. Bayard, Wilmington. Jabez W. Huntington, Norwich. Thomas B. Osborne, Fairneld. Truman Smith, Litchfield. John H. Brockway, Ellington. Thomas Clayton, New Castle REPRESENTATIVE. George B. Rodney, New Castle. 1 President on the death of William Henry Harrison (April 4, 1841). 2 Elected March 4, 1841 (special session of the Senate). Elected May 31, 1842. Resigned in 1841. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Clement. Elected March 11, 1841* (special session of the Senate); C. Clay, and took his seat December 27, 1841. resigned as President pro tern pore May 31, 1842. 156 TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 157 Alfred Cuthbert, Monticello. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Julius C. Alford, 1 Lagrange. Edward J. Black, 2 Jacksonboro. Walter T. Colquitt, 3 Columbus. Mark A. Cooper, 3 Columbus. William C. Dawson, 1 Greensboro. Thomas F. Foster, Columbus. Richard M. Young, Quincy. John Reynolds, Belleville. Zadok Casey, Mount Vernon. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. INDIANA. SENATORS. Oliver H. Smith, Indianapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. George H. Promt, Petersburg. Richard W. Thompson, Bedford. Joseph L. White, Madison. James H. Cravens, Marion. J. Macpherson Berrien, Savannah. Roger L. Gamble, Louisville. Richard W. Habershani, 4 Clarkesville. George W. Crawford, 5 Augusta. Thomas Butler King, Waynesville. James A. Meri wether, Eden ton. Eugenius A. Nisbet, 1 Macon. Lott Warren, Palmyra. Samuel McRoberts, Danville. John T. Stuart, Springfield. Albert S. White, Lafayette. Andrew Kennedy, Muncietown. David Wallace, Indianapolis. Henry S. Lane, Crawfordsville. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Henry Clay, 6 Lexington. John J. Crittenden/ Frankfort. REPRESENTATIVES. Linn Boyd, Belleview. Philip Triplett, Owensboro. Joseph R. Underwood, Bowling Green. Bryan Y. Owsley, Jamestown. John B. Thompson, Harrodsburg. Willis Green, Green. John Pope, Springfield. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Alexander Mouton, 8 Vermilion ville. Charles M. Conrad, 9 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward D. White, Thibodeauxville. John B. Dawson, St. Francisville. Reuel Williams, Augusta. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Elisha H. Allen, Bangor. David Bronson, Anson. Nathan Clifford, Newfield. William P. Fessenden, Portland. James T. Morehead, Covington. James C. Sprigg, Shelby ville. John White, Richmond. Thomas F. Marshall, Versailles. Landaff W. Andrews, Flemingsburg. Garrett Davis, Paris. William O. Butler, Carrollton. Alexander Barrow, Baton Rouge. John Moore, Franklin. George Evans, Gardiner. Nathaniel S. Littlefield, Bridgeton. Joshua A. Lowell, 10 East Machias. Alfred Marshall, China. Benjamin Randall, Bath. 1 Resigned in 1842. 2 Elected at large to fill, in part, vacancies caused by resig- nations of Julius C. Alford , William C. Dawson, and Eugenius A. Nisbet, and took his seat March 2, 1842. 3 Elected at large to fill, in part, vacancies caused by resig- nationsof JuliusC. Alford, William C. Dawson, and Eugenius A. Nisbet, and took his seat February 1, 1842. < Died December 2, 1842. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Richard W. Habersham, and took his seat February 1, 1843. << Resigned March 31, 1842. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry Clay and took his seat March 31, 1842. 8 Resigned March 1, 1842. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Alexander Mouton, and took his seat April 14/1842. 10 Election unsuccessfully protested by sundry citizens of Maine. 158 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MARYLAND. SENATORS. William D. Merrick, Aliens Fresh. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac D. Jones, Princess Anne. Jamea A. Pearce, Chestertown. James W. Williams, 1 Churchville. Charles S. Sewall, 2 Elkton. John P. Kennedy, Baltimore. John L. Kerr, Easton. Alexander Randall, Annapolis. William Cost Johnson, Jefferson. John T. Mason, Hagerstown. Augustus R. Sellers, Prince Frederic. MASSACHUSETTS. Isaac C. Bates, Northampton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert C. Winthrop, 3 Boston. Nathan Appleton, 4 Boston. Leverett Saltonstall, Salem. Caleb Gushing, Newburyport. William Parmenter, East Cambridge. Charles Hudson, Westminster. Osmyn Baker, Amherst. Rufus Choate, Boston. George N. Briggs, Lanesboro. William B. Calhpun, Springfield. William S. Hastings, 5 Mendon. Nathaniel B. Borden, Fall River. Barker Burn ell, Nan tucket. John Quincy Adams, Quincy. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Augustus S. Porter, Detroit. William Woodbridge, Detroit. REPRESENTATIVE. Jacob M. Howard, Detroit. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Robert J. Walker, Madisonville. John Henderson, Pass Christian. REPRESENTATIVES. William M. Gwin, Vicksburg. Jacob Thompson, Oxford. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. Lewis F. Linn, St. Genevieve. REPRESENTATIVES. John C. Edwards, Jefferson City. John Miller, Conners Mills. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Franklin Pierce, 6 Concord. Leonard Wilcox, 7 Oxford. Charles G. Atherton, Nashua. Edmund Burke, Newport. Ira A. Eastman, Gilmanton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Levi Woodbury, Portsmouth. John R. Reding, Haverhill. Tristram Shaw, Exeter. 1 Died December 2, 1842. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James W. Wil- liams, and took his seat January 7, 1843. 3 Resigned May 25, 1842; subsequently elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Nathan Appleton, who had been elected as his successor, but who in turn resigned in 1842; took his seat for a second time December 5, 1842. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert C. Winthrop, and took his seat June 9, 1842; resigned Septem- ber 28, 1842. 5 Died June 17, 1842. 6 Resigned February 28, 1842. 7 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Franklin Pierce, and took his seat March, 7, 1842; subsequently elected. TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. NEW JERSEY. 159 SENATORS. Samuel L. Southard, 1 Trenton. William L. Dayton, 2 Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Aycrigg, Pyramus. William Halstead, Trenton. John P. B. Maxwell, Belvidere. Silas Wright, jr., Canton. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles A. Floyd, Commack. Joseph Egbert, Tompkinsville. John McKeon, New York. James I. Roosevelt. New York. Fernando Wood, New York. Charles G. Ferris, New York. Aaron Ward, Mount Pleasant. Richard D. Davis, Poughkeepsie. James G. Clinton, Newburg. John Van Buren, Kingston. Robert McClellan, Hudson. Jacob Houck, jr., Schoharie. Hiram P. Hunt, Troy. Daniel D. Barnard, Albany. Archibald L. Linn, Schenectady. Barnard Blair, Salem. Thomas A. Tomlinson, Keeseville. Henry Van Rensselaer, Ogdensburg. John Sanford, Amsterdam. Andrew W. Doig, Lowville. John G. Floyd, Utica. Jacob W. Miller, Morristown. Joseph F. Randolph, New Brunswick. Charles C. Stratton, Swedesboro. Thomas Jones Yorke, Salem. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, Poughkeepsie. David P. Brewster, Oswego. Thomas C. Chittenden, Adams. Samuel S. Bowne, Cooperstown. Samuel Gordon, Delhi. John C. Clarke, Bainbridge. Lewis Riggs, Homer. Samuel Partridge, Elmira. Victory Birdseye, Pompey. A. Lawrence Foster, Morrisville. Christopher Morgan, Aurora. John Maynard, Seneca Falls. John Greig, 3 Canandaigua. Francis Granger, 4 Canandaigua. William M. Oliver, Penn Yan. Timothy Childs, Rochester. Seth M. Gates, Leroy. John Young, Geneseo. Staley N. Clarke, Ellicottsville. Millard Fillmore, Buffalo. Alfred Babcock, Baines. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Willie P. Mangum, Red Mountain. REPRESENTATIVES. Kenneth Rayner, Win ton. John R. J. Daniel, Halifax. Edward Stanly, Washington. William H. Washington, Newbern. James J. McKay, Elizabeth town. Archibald H. Arlington, Hilliardston. Edmund Deberry, Lawrenceville. William A. Graham, Hillsboro. Romulus M. Saunders, Raleigh. Augustine H. Shepperd, Salem. Abraham Rencher, Pittsboro. Green W. Caldwell, Charlotte. James Graham, Rutherford ton. Lewis Williams, 5 Panther Creek. Anderson Mitchell, 6 Wilkesboro. OHIO. William Allen, Chillicothe. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel G. Pendletpn, Cincinnati. John B. Weller, Hamilton. Patrick G. Goode, Sidney. Jeremiah Morrow, Twentymile Stand. William Doan, Withamsville. Calvary Morris, Athens. W T illiam Russell, Portsmouth. Joseph Ridgway, Columbus. William Medill, Lancaster. Samson Mason, Springfield. Benjamin Tappan, Steubenville. Benjamin S. Cowen, St. Clairsville. Joshua Mathiot, Newark. James Mathews, Coshocton. George Sweeny. Bucyrus. Sherlock J. Andrews, Cleveland. Joshua R. Giddings, 7 Jefferson. John Hastings, Salem. Ezra Dean, Wooster. Samuel Stokely, Steubenville. 1 Died June 20, 1842. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Samuel L. Southard, and took his seat July 6, 1842; subsequently elected, and took his seat April 27, 1842. Died February 23, 1842. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Lewis Williams, 3 Resigned September 25, 1841 Resigned March 22, 1842; subsequently elected to fill va- 4 Klected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Greig, cancy caused by his own resignation, and took his seat Decem- and took his seat December 7, 1841. ber 5, 1842. 160 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. James Buchanan, Lancaster. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Brown, Philadelphia. John Sergeant, 1 Philadelphia. Joseph R. Ingersoll, 2 Philadelphia. George W. Toland, Philadelphia. Charles J. Ingersoll, Philadelphia. Jeremiah Brown, Goshen. Francis James, West Chester. John Edwards, Ivy Mills. Joseph Fornance, Norristown. Robert Ramsey, Hartsville. John Westbrook, Dingmans Ferry. Peter Newhard, Allen town. George M. Keim, Reading. William Simon ton, Hummelstown. James Gerry, Shrewsbury. James Cooper, Gettysburg. Amos Gustine, Mimintown. Daniel Sturgeon, Union town. James Irvin, Milesburg. Benjamin A. Bidlack, Wilkes-Barre. John Snyder, Selinsgrove. Davis Dimock, jr., 3 Montrose. Almon H. Read, 4 Montrose. Albert G. Marchand, Greensburg. Enos Hook, 5 Waynesburg. Henry W. Beeson, 6 Uniontown. Joseph Lawrence, 7 Washington. Thomas M. T. Me Kennan, 8 Washington. William W. Irwin, Pittsburgh. William Jack, Brookville. Thomas Henry, Beaver. Arnold Plumer, Franklin. Charles Ogle, 9 Bedford. Henry Black, 10 Somerset. James M. Russell, 11 Bedford. RHODE ISLAND. James F. Simmons, Providence. SENATORS. Nathan F. Dixon, 12 Westerly. William Sprague, 13 Natick. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Cranston, Newport. Joseph L. Tillinghast, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA. John C. Calhoun 14 Fort Hill. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samson H. Butler, 17 Barn well. Samuel W. Trotti, 18 Barnwell. William Butler, Greenville. Patrick C. Caldwell, Newberry. John Campbell, Parnassus. William C. Preston, 15 Columbia. George McDuffie, 16 Edgefield. Isaac E. Holmes, Charleston. Francis W. Pic kens, Edgefield. Robert Barnwell Rhett, Blue House. James Rogers, Maybinton. Thomas D. Sumter, Statesburg. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Alfred O. P. Nicholson, Columbia. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas D. Arnold, Greenville. Abraham McClellan, Blountsville. Joseph L. Williams, Knoxville. Thomas J. Campbell, Athens. Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. William B. Campbell, Carthage. Robert L. Caruthers, Lebanon. Spencer Jarnagin, Athens. Meredith P. Gentry, Harpeth. Harvey M. Watterson, Shelbyville. Aaron V. Brown, Pulaski. Cave Johnson, Clarksville. Milton Brown, Jackson. Christopher H. Williams, Lexington. 1 Resigned September 15, 1841. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Ser- geant, and took his seat December 9, 1841. 3 Died January 13, 1842. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Davis Dimock, jr., and took his seat March 18, 1842. & Resigned April 18, 1841. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Enos Hook, and took his seat May 31, 1841. 7 Died April 17, 1842. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Joseph Law- rence, and took his seat May 30, 1842. <> Died May 10, 1841. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles Ogle, and took his seat June 28, 1841; died November 28, 1841. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry Black, and took his seat January 3, 1842. 2 Died January 29, 1842. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Nathan F. D xon, and took his seat February 18, 1842. < Resigned March 3, 1843. 5 Resigned in December, 1842. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William C. P eston, and took his seat January 3, 1843. 7 Resigned m 1842. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samson H. Butler, and took his seat December 17, 1842. TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 161 Samuel S. Phelps, Middlebury. Hiland Hall, Bennington. William Slade, Middlebury. Horace Everett, Windsor. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. .SENATORS. William C. Rives,, Lindseys Store. REPRESENTATIVES. Francis Mallory, Hampton. George B. Gary, Bethlehem. John W. Jones, Petersburg. William O. Goode, Boydton. Edmund W. Hubard, Curdsville. Walter Coles, Robertsons Store. William L. Goggin, Otter Bridge. Henry A. Wise, Accomac. Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. John Taliaferro, Fredericksburg. John M. Botts, Richmond. Samuel Prentiss, 1 Montpelier. Samuel C. Crafts, 2 Craftsbury. Augustus Young, Johnson. John Mattocks, Peacham. William S. Archer, Elk Hill. Thomas W. Gilmer, Charlottesville. Linn Banks, 3 Madison. William Smith, 4 Culpeper. Cuthbert Powell, Upperville. Richard W. Barton, Winchester. William A. Harris, Luray. Alexander H. H. Stuart, Staunton. George W. Hopkins, Lebanon. George W. Summers, Kanawha. Samuel L. Hays, Stuards Creek. Lewis Steenrod, Wheeling. TERRITORY OF FLORIDA. DELEGATE. David Levy, St. Augustine. TERRITORY OF IOWA. DELEGATE. Augustus C. Dodge, Burlington. TERRITORY OF WISCONSIN. DELEGATE. Henry Dodge, Dodgeville. 1 Resigned April 11, 1842. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Prentiss. and took his seat April 30, 1842; subsequently elected. 3 Served until December 6, 1841; succeeded by William Smith, who contested his election. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 11 4 Successfully contested the election of Linn Banks, and took his seat December 6, 1841. TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1843, TO MARCH 3, 1845. FIRST SESSION December 4, 1843, to June 17, 1844. SECOND SESSION December 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845. VICE PRESIDENT. 1 -. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Willie P. Man- gum, of North Carolina. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickens, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE John W. Jones, of Virginia. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE FRO TEMPORE George W. Hopkins, 2 of Virginia. CLERKS OF THE HOUSE Matthew St. Clair Clarke, of Pennsylvania; Caleb J. McNulty, 3 of Ohio; Benjamin B. French, 4 of New Hampshire. William R. King, 5 Selma. Dixon H. Lewis, 6 Lowndesboro. ALABAMA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Dellet, Claiborne. James E. Belser, Montgomery. Dixon H. Lewis, 7 Lowndesboro. William L. Yancey, 8 Wetumpka. Arthur P. Bagby, Tuscaloosa. William W. Payne, Gainesville. George S. Houston, Athens. Reuben Chapman, Somerville. Felix G. McConnell, Talladega. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William S. Fulton, 9 Little Rock. Ambrose H. Sevier, Lake Port. Chester Ashley, 10 Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVE. Edward Cross, Washington. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Jabez W. Huntington, Norwich. John M. Niles, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomaa H. Seymour, Hartford. John Stewart, Middle Haddam. George S. Catlin, Windham. Samuel Simons, Bridgeport. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Richard H. Bayard, Wilmington. Thomas Clayton, New Castle. REPRESENTATIVE . George B. Rodney, New Castle. 1 John Tyler became President on the death of William Henry Harrison in preceding Congress. 2 Elected February 28, 1845. Elected December 6, 1842. * Elected January 18, 1845. * Resigned April 15, 1844, to become Minister to France. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William R. King, and took his seat May 7, 1844; subsequently elected. 162 7 Resigned April 22, 1844, having been appointed Senator. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Dixon H. Lewis, and took his seat December 2, 1844. Died August 15, 1844. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William S. Ful- ton, and took his seat December 4, 1844. TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 163 GEORGIA. J. Macpherson Berrien, Savannah. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward J. Black, Jacksonboro. Absalom H. Chappell, Macon. Howell Cobb, Athens. Hugh A. Haralson, Lagrange. William H. Stiles, Cassville. Samuel McRobert?, 5 Danville. James Semple, 6 Alton. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert Smith, Upper Alton. John A. McClernand, Shawneetown. Orlando B. Ficklin, Charleston. John Wentworth, Chicago. Albert S. White, La Fayette. INDIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert D. Owen, New Harmony. Thomas J. Henley, New Washington. Thomas Smith, Versailles. Caleb B. Smith, Connersville. William J. Brown, Indianapolis. Walter T. Colquitt, Columbus. John H. Lumpkin, Rome. John Millen, 1 Savannah. Duncan L. Clinch, 2 St. Maryg. Mark A. Cooper, 3 Columbus. Alexander H. Stephens, 4 Crawford ville. Sidney Breese, Carlyle. Stephen A. Douglas, Quincy. Joseph P. Hoge, Galena. John J. Hardin, Jacksonville. Edward A. Hannegan, Covington. John W. Davis, Carlisle. Joseph A. Wright, Rockville. John Pettit, La Fayette. Samuel C. Sample, South Bend. Andrew Kennedy, Muncietown. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James T. Morehead, Covington. Linn Boyd, Belleview. Willis Green, Green. Henry Grider, Bowling Green. George A. Caldwell, Columbia. James W. Stone, Taylorsville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS, Alexander Barrow, Baton Rouge. REPRESENTATIVES. John Slidell, New Orleans. Alce Labranche, New Orleans. John B. Dawson, St. Francisville. MAINE. John J. Crittenden, Frankfort. John White, Richmond. William P. Thomasson, Louisville. Garrett Davis, Paris. Richard French, Mount Sterling. John W. Tibbatts, Newport. Henry Johnson, 7 New River. Peter E. Bossier, 8 Natchitoches. Isaac E. Morse, 9 St. Martinsville. Reuel Williams, 10 Augusta. John Fairfield, 11 Saco. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Joshua Herrick, Kennebunkport. Robert P. Dunlap, Brunswick. Luther Severance, Augusta. Freeman H. Morse, Bath. George Evans, Gardiner. Benjamin White, 12 Montville. Hannibal Hamlin, 13 Hampden. Shepard Gary, 13 Houlton. 1 Died October 15, 1843. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Millen, and took his seat February 15, 1844. 3 Resigned in 1843. Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Mark A. Cooper, and took his seat December 4, 1843. ' Died March 27, 1843. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Samuel McRoberts, and took his seat "December 4, 1843; subsequently elected. 7 Elected for term beginning March 4, 1843, and took his seat March 4, 1844. Alexander Porter was elected for this term but his credentials were not presented, and he died January 23, 1844; out of consideration of his prior service, 1833-1837, the Senate adopted resolutions and adjourned in respect to his memory February 2, 1844; vacancy in this clas from March 4, 1843, to February 12, 1844. Died April 24, 1844. 9 Elected to fill vacancy causedby death of Peter E. Bossier, and took his seat December 2, 1844. ' Resigned in 1843. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Reuel Williams, and took his seat December 4, 1843. 12 Took his seat May 10, 1844. Took his seat December 2, 1844. 164 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. . MARYLAND. SENATORS. William D. Merrick, Aliens Fresh. James A. Pearce, Chestertown. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. S. Causin, Leonard town. John P. Kennedy, Baltimore. Francis Brengle, Fredericktown. Jacob A. Preston, Perrymansville. John Wethered, Franklin. Thomas A. Spence, Snow Hill. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Isaac C. Bates, Northampton Rufus Choate, Boston. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert C. Winthrop, Boston. Barker Burnell, 3 Nantucket. Daniel P. King, South Danvers. Julius Rockwell, 4 Pittsfield. Amos Abbott, 1 Andover. John Quincy Adams, Quincy. William Parmenter, East Cambridge. Henry Williams, Taunton. Charles Hudson, Westminster. Joseph Grinnell, New Bedford. Osmyn Baker, 2 Amherst. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Augustus S. Porter, Detroit. William Woodbridge, Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert McClelland, Monroe. Lucius Lyon, Grand Rapids. James B. Hunt, Pontiac. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Robert J. Walker, Madisonville. John Henderson, Pass Christian. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Hammett, Princeton. Jacob Thompson, Oxford. Robert W. Roberts, Hillsboro Tilghman M. Tucker, 4 Columbus. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. Lewis F. Linn, 5 St. Genevieve. David R. Atchison, 6 Platte City. REPRESENTATIVES. Gustavus M. Bower, Paris. John Jameson, Fulton. James B. Bowlin, St. Louis. James H. Relfe, Caledonia. James M. Hughes, Liberty. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Levi Woodbury, Portsmouth. Charles G. Atherton, Nashua. REPRESENTATIVES. Edmund Burke, Newport. Moses Norris, jr., Pittsfield. John P. Hale, Dover. John R. Reding, Haverhill. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. ;i. *. Jacob W. Miller, Morristown. William L. Dayton, Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucius Q. C. Elmer, Bridgeton. Littleton Kirkpatrick, New Brunswick. George Sykes, Mount Holly. William Wright, Newark. Isaac G. Farlee, Flemington. Took his seat February 15, 1844. 5 Died October 3, 1843. s Took his seat January 22, 1844. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of i^ewis F. Linn, Died June 15, 1843. and took his seat December 4, 1843; subsequently elected. Took his seat February 2, 1844. TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. NEW YORK. 165 Silas Wright, jr., 1 Canton. Henry A. Foster, 2 Rome. John A. Dix, 3 Albany. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Selah B. Strong, Setauket. Henry C. Murphy, Brooklyn. J. Phillips Phoenix, New York. William B. Maclay, New York. Moses G. Leonard, New York. Hamilton Fish, New York. Joseph H. Anderson, White Plains. Richard D. Davis, Poughkeepsie. James G. Clinton, Newburg. Jeremiah Russell, Saugerties. Zadock Pratt, Prattsville. David L. Seymour, Troy. Daniel D. Barnard, Albany. Charles Rogers, Sandy Hill. Lemuel Stetson, Keeseville. Chesselden Ellis, Waterford. Charles S. Benton, Mohawk. Preston King, Ogdensburg. Nathaniel P. Tallmad^ Daniel S. Dickinson, 5 '. 3, 4 Poughkeepsie. linghamton. Orville Hungerford, Watertown. Samuel Beardsley, 6 Utica. Levi D. Carpenter, 7 Waterville. Jermiah E. Gary, Cherry Valley. Smith M. Purdy, Norwich. Orville Robinson, Mexico. Horace Wheaton, Pompey. George Rathbun, Auburn. Amasa Dana, Ithaca. Byram Green, Sodus. Thomas J. Patterson, Rochester. Charles H. Carroll, Groveland Center. William S. Hubbell, Bath. Asher Tyler, Ellicottsville. William A. Moseley, Buffalo. Albert Smith, Batavia. Washington Hunt, Lockport. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Willie P. Mangum, Red Mountain. William H. Haywood, Raleigh. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas L. Clingman, Asheville. Daniel M. Barringer, Concord. David S. Reid, Reidsville. Edmund Deberry, Lawrenceville. Romulus M. Saunders, Raleigh. James J. McKay, Elizabeth town. John R. J. Daniel, Halifax. Archibald H. Arlington, Hilliardston. Kenneth Rayner, Win ton. OHIO. William Allen, Chillicothe. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander Duncan, Cincinnati. John B. Weller, Hamilton. Robert C. Schenck, Dayton. Joseph Vance, Urbana. Emery D. Potter, Toledo. Henry St. John, Tiffin. Joseph J. McDowell, Hillsboro. John J. Vanmeter, Piketon. Elias Florence, Circlesville. Heman Allen Moore, 8 Columbus. Alfred P. Stone, 9 Columbus. Jacob Brinkerhoff, Mansfield. Benjamin Tappan, Steubenville. " Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. Perley B. Johnson, McConnellsville. Alexander Harper, Zanesville. Joseph Morris, Woodsfield. James Mathews, Coshocton. William C. McCauslen, Steubenville. Ezra Dean, W'ooster. Daniel R. Tilden, Ravenna. Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. Henry R. Brinkerhoff, 10 Plymouth. Edward S. Hamlin, 11 Elyria. 1 Resigned December 1, 1844. 2 Appointed to to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Silas Wright, jr., and took his seat Deceml>er 9, 1844. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Silas Wright, jr. , and took his seat January 27, 1845. 4 Resigned June 17, 1844, having been appointed governor of Wisconsin Territory. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, and took his seat December 9, 1844; subsequently elected. Resigned March f>, 1844. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Beardsley, and took his seat December 2, 1844. 8 Died April 3, 1844. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Heman Allen Moore, and took his seat December 2, 1844. i Died April 30, 1844. " Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry R. Brink- erhoff, and took his seat December 2, 1844. 166 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. PENNSYLVANIA. James Buchanan, Lancaster. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward Joy Morris, Philadelphia. Joseph R. Ingersoll, Philadelphia. John T. Smith, Philadelphia. Charles J. Ingersoll, Philadelphia. Jacob S. Yost, Pottstown. Michael H. Jenks, Newtown. A. R. Mcllvaine, Brandywine. Jeremiah Brown, Goshen. John Ritter, Reading. Richard Brodhead, Easton. Benjamin A. Bidlack, Wilkes-Barre. Almon H. Read, 1 Montrose. George Fuller, 2 Montrose. Henry Frick, 3 Milton. Daniel Sturgeon, Uniontown. James Pollock, 4 Milton. Alexander Ramsey, Harrisburg. Henry Nes, York. James Black, Newport. James Irvin, Milesburg. Andrew Stewart, Uniontown. Henry D. Foster, Greensburg. John Dickey, Beaver. William Wilkins, 5 Pittsburgh. Cornelius Darragh, 6 Pittsburgh. Samuel Hays, Franklin. Charles M. Reed, Erie. Joseph Buffington, Kittanning. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. James F. Simmons, Providence. William Sprague, 7 Natick. John B. Francis, 8 Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Y. Cranston, Newport. Elisha R. Potter, Kingston. SOUTH CAROLINA. George McDuffie, Edgefield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Black, Cherokee Iron Works. Richard F. Simpson, Pendletonville. Joseph A. Woodward, Winnsboro. John Campbell, Parnassus. Spencer Jarnagin, Athens. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew Johnson, Greenville. William T. Senter, Panther Springs. Julius W. Blackwell, Athens. Alvan Cullom, Livingston. George W. Jones, Fayetteville. Aaron V. Brown, Pulaski. Daniel E. Huger, 9 Charleston. Armistead Burt, Abbeville. Isaac E. Holmes, Charleston. R. Barnwell Rhett, Blue House. Ephraim H. Foster, Nashville. David W. Dickinson, Murfreesboro. Joseph H. Peyton, Gallatin. Cave Johnson, Clarksville. John B. Ashe, Brownsville. Milton Brown, Jackson. VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel S. Phelps, Middlebury. William Upham, Montpelier. REPRESENTATIVES. Solomon Foot, Rutland. Jacob Collamer, Woodstock. George P. Marsh, Burlington. Paul Dillingham, jr., Waterbury. i Died June 3, 1844. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Almon H. Read, and took his seat December 2, 1844.' 3 Died March 1, 1844. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry Frick, and took his seat April 23, 1844. Resigned February 14, 1844, having been appointed Secre- tary of War. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Wilkins, and took his seat March 26, 1844. i Resigned January 17, 1844. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Sprague, and took his seat February 7, 1844. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John C. Cal- houn, in preceding Congres, and took his seat December 7, 1843; resigned March 3, 1845, in order that Mr. Calhoun might return to the Senate. TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 167 VIRGINIA. SENATORS. William C. Rives, Bentivoglio. REPRESENTATIVES. Archibald Atkinson, Smithfield. George C. Dromgoole, Summit. Walter Coles, Robertsons Store. Edmund W. Hubard, Curdsville. Thomas W. Gilmer, 1 Charlottesville. William L. Goggin, 2 Otter Bridge. John W. Jones, 3 Petersburg. Henry A. Wise, 4 Accomac. Thomas H. Bayly, 5 Accomac. William S. Archer, Elk Hill. Willoughby Newton, Hague. Samuel Chilton, Warrenton. William Lucas, Charlestown. William Taylor, Lexington. Augustus A. Chapman, Union. George W. Hopkins, Abingdon. George W. Summers, Kanawha. Lewis Steenrod, Wheeling. TERRITORY OF FLORIDA. 8 DELEGATE. David Levy, St. Augustine. TERRITORY OF IOWA. DELEGATE. Augustus C. Dodge, Burlington. TERRITORY OF WISCONSIN. DELEGATE. Henry Dodge, Dodgeville. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by William L. Goggin; resigned February 18, 1844. 2 Unsuccessfully contested the election of Thomas W. Gil- mer; subsequently elected to flll vacancy caused by resignation of Mr. Gilmer, and took his seat May 10, 1844. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by John M. Botts. 4 Resigned February 15, 1844. 5 Elected to flll vacancy caused by resignation of Henry A. Wise, and took his seat May 6, 1844. Raised to statehood by Act of March 3, 1845. TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1845, TO MARCH 3, 1847. FIRST SESSION December 1, 1845, to August 10, 1846. SECOND SESSION December 7, 1846, to March 3, 1847. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1845, to March 20, 1845. VICE PRESIDENT George M. Dallas, of Pennsylvania. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Ambrose H. Sevier, 1 of Arkansas; David K. Atchison, 2 of Missouri. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickens, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE John W. Davis, of Indiana. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Benjamin B. French, of New Hampshire. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Arthur P. Bagby, Tuscaloosa. REPRESENTATIVES. Reuben Chapman, Somerville. Edmund S. Dargan, Mobile. Henry W. Hilliard, Montgomery. George S. Houston, Athens. Dixon H. Lewis, Lowndesboro. Felix G. McConnell, 3 Talladega. Franklin W. Bowdon, 4 Talladega. William W. Payne, Gainesville. William L. Yancey, 5 Wetumpka. James L. F. Cottrell, 6 Hayneville. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Ambrose H. Sevier, Lake Port. Chester Ashley, Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Archibald Yell, 7 Fayetteville. Thomas W. Newton, 8 Little Rock. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Jabez W. Huntington, Norwich. John M. Niles, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. James Dixon, Hartford. John A. Rockwell, Norwich. Samuel D. Hubbard, Middletown. Truman Smith, Litchfield. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas Clayton, New Castle. John M. Clayton, New Castle. REPRESENTATIVE. John W. Houston, Georgetown. 1 Served as President pro tempore one day, Saturday, De- cember 27, 1845, under designation by the Vice President. * Elected August 8, 1846; January 11, 1847; March 3, 1847. s Died September 10, 1846. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Felix G. McCon- nell, and took his seat December 7, 1846 6 Resigned September ] , 1846. 168 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William L. Yancey, and took his seat December 7, 1846. 7 Resigned July 1, 1846, having been appointed colonel in the Army in Mexico. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Archibald Yell, and took his seat February 6, 1847. TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. FLORIDA. 1 SENATORS. David Levy (Yulee), 2 St. Augustine. 169 James D. Westcott, jr., 3 Tallahassee. Edward C. Cabell, 4 Tallahassee. William H. Brockenbrough, 5 Tallahassee. REPRESENTATIVES. GEORGIA. SENATORS. J. Macpherson Berrien, 6 Savannah. Walter T. Colquitt, Columbus. REPRESENTATIVES. Howell Cobb, Athens. Hugh A. Haralson, Lagrange. Seaborn Jones, Columbus. Thomas Butler King, Frederica. John H. Lumpkin, Rome. Washington Poe, 7 Talbotton. George W. Towns, 8 Talbotton. Alexander H. Stephens, Crawfordville. step , W; Sidney Breese, Carlyle. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward D. Baker, 9 Springfield. John Henry, 10 Springfield. Stephen A. Douglas, Quincy. Orlando B. Ficklin, Charleston. gas, lin, Robert Toombs, Washington. James Semple, Alton. Joseph P. Hoge, Galena. John A. McClernand, Shawneetown. Robert Smith, Upper Alton. John Wentworth, Chicago. INDIANA. SENATORS. Edward A. Hannegan, Covington. Jesse D. Bright, Madison. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles W. Cathcart, Laporte. John W. Davis, Carlisle. Thomas J. Henley, New Washington. Andrew Kennedy, Muncietown. Edward W. McGaughey, Greencastle. Robert D. Owen, New Harmony. John Pettit, La Fayette. Caleb B. Smith, Connersville. Thomas Smith, Versailles. William W. Wick, Indianapolis. Vacant. 12 IOWA. 11 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. S. Clinton Hastings, 13 Bloomington. Vacant. 12 Shepherd Leffler, 13 Burlington. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. James T. Morehead, Covington. REPRESENTATIVES. Joshua F. Bell, Danville. Linn Boyd, Cadiz. Garrett Davis, Paris. Henry Grider, Bowling Green. John P. Martin, Prestonburg. John J. Crittenden, Frankfort. John H. McHenry, Hartford. William P. Thomasson, Louisville. John W. Tibbatts, Newport. Andrew Trumbo, Owingsville. Bryan R. Young, Elizabethtown. 1 Admitted as a State into the Union March 3, 1845. 2 Took his seat December 1, 1845; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1851. On January 12, 1846, the Senate ordered the surname of Yulee to be added to the name of the Senator (David Levy Yulee), in conformity with an act of the Legislature of Florida. a Took his seat December 1, 1845; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1849. * Served until January 24, 1846; succeeded by William H. Brockenbrough, who contested his election. 6 Successfully contested the election of Edward C. Cabell, and took his seat January 24. 1846. Resigned during the summer of 1845, to accept a judicial appointment in Georgia; was reeleeted to fill vacancy caused by his resignation, and took his seat December 8. 1845, thus making his second service in the Senate practically continuous. 7 Resigned in 1845, having never taken his seat. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Washington Poe, who did not qualify . and took his seat January 27, 1846. Resigned December 24, 1846, "to take eflect January 15, 1847, or sooner if successor is elected." 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward D. Baker, and took his seat February 5, 1847. Admitted as a State into the Union December 28, 1846. 12 The Senators did not take their seats in this Congress. 13 Took his seat December 29, 1846. 170 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Alexander Barrow, 1 Baton Rouge. Pierre Soule", 2 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Harmanson, Simmsport. Isaac E. Morse, St. Martinsville. John Slidell, 3 New Orleans. George Evans, Gardiner. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert P. Dunlap, Brunswick. Hannibal Hamlin, Hampden. John D. McCrate, Wiscasset. Cullen Sawtelle, Norridgewock. Henry Johnson, New River. Emile La Sere, 4 New Orleans. Bannon G. Thibodeaux, Thibodeaux- ville. John Fairfield, Saco. John F. Scammon, Saco. Luther Severance, Augusta. Hezekiah Williams, Castine. MARYLAND. James A. Pierce, Chestertown. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John G. Chapman, Port Tobacco. Albert Constable, Perryville. William F. Giles, Baltimore. Reverdy Johnson, Baltimore. Thomas W. Ligon, Ellicotts Mills. Edward H. Long, Princess Anne. Thomas Perry, Cumberland. MASSACHUSETTS. Isaac C. Bates, 6 Northampton. John Davis, 6 Worcester. Amos Abbott, Andover. John Quincy Adams, Quincy. George Ashmun, Springfield. Joseph Grinnell, New Bedford. Artemas Hale, Bridgewater. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Daniel Webster, Boston. Charles Hudson, Westminster. Daniel P. King, South Danvers. Julius Rockwell, Pittsfield. Benjamin Thompson, Charlestown. Robert C. Winthrop, Boston. William Woodbridge, Detroit. Lewis Cass, Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert McClelland, Monroe. John S. Chipman, Centerville. James B. Hunt, Pontiac. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Robert J. Walker, 7 Madisonville. Joseph W. Chalmers, 8 Holly Springs. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen Adams, Aberdeen. Jefferson Davis, 9 Warrentou. Henry T. Ellett. 10 Jesse Speight, Plymouth. Robert W. Roberts, Hillsboro. Jacob Thompson, Oxford. 1 Died December 29, 1846. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Alexander Bar- row, and took his seat February 3, 1847. 3 Resigned November 10, 1845. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Slidell, and took his seat January 29, 1846. & Died March 16, 1845. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Isaac C. Bates, and took his seat December 1, 1845. 7 Resigned March 5, 1845, having been appointed Secretary of the Treasury. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert J. Walker, and took his seat December 1, 1845; subsequently elected. 8 Resigned in June, 1846, to participate in the war with Mexico. N> Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jefferson Davis, and took his seat January 26, 1847. TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. David R. Atchison, Platte City. REPRESENTATIVES. James B. Bowlin, St. Louis. Sterling Price, 1 Keytersville. John S. Phelps, Springfield. William McDaniel, 2 Palmyra. James H. Relfe, Caledonia. Leonard H. Sims, Springfield. 171 NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Levi Woodbury,* Portsmouth. Benning W. Jenness, 4 Straff orcl. Joseph Cilley, 5 Nottingham. James H. Johnson, Bath. Mace Moulton, Manchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles G. Atherton, Nashua. Moses Norris, jr., Pittsfield. NEW JERSEY. Jacob W. Miller, Morristown. Joseph E. Edsall, Hamburg. James G. Hampton, Bridgeton. John Hunk, 6 Kingwood. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. William L. Dayton, Trenton. George Sykes, Mount Holly. William Wright, Newark. SENATORS. Daniel S. Dickinson, Binghamton. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph H. Anderson, White Plains. Charles S. Benton, Mohawk. William W. Campbell, New York. Charles H. Carroll, Groveland Center. John F. Collin, Hillsdale. Erastus D. Culver, Greenwich. Samuel S. Ellsworth, Penn Yan. Charles Goodyear, Schoharie. Samuel Gordon, Delhi. Martin Grover, Angelica. Richard P. Herrick, 7 Greenbush. Thomas C. Ripley, 8 Schaghticoke. Elias B. Holmes, Brockport. William J. Hough, Cazenovia. Orville Hungerford, Watertown. Washington Hunt, Lockport. Timothy Jenkins, Oneida Castle. Preston King, Ogdensburg. John A. Dix, Albany. John W. Lawrence, Flushing. Abner Lewis, Panama. William B. Maclay, New York. William S. Miller, New York. William A. Moseley, Buffalo. John De Mott, Lodi. Archibald C. Niven, Monticello. George Rathbun, Auburn. Joseph Russell, Warrensburg. Henry J. Seaman, Richmond. Albert Smith, Batavia. Stephen Strong, Owego. Horace Wheaton, Pompey. Hugh White, Cohoes. Bradford R. Wood, Albany. Thomas M. Woodruff, New York. William W. Woodworth, Hyde Park. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Willie P. Mangum, Red Mountain. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel M. Barringer, Concord. Asa Biggs, Williamston. Henry S. Clark, Washington. John R. J. Daniel, Halifax. James C. Dobbin, Fayetteville. William H. Haywood, 9 Raleigh. George E. Badger, 10 Raleigh. Alfred Dockery, Dockerys Store. James Graham, Rutherford ton. James J. McKay, Elizabethtown. David S. Reid, Reidsville. Resigned August 12, 1846, to command a cavalry regiment In the war with Mexico. t Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Sterling Price, and took his seat December 7, 1846. 3 Resigned November 20, 1845, having been appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Levi Woodbury, and took his seat December 1, 1845. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Levi Woodbury, and took his seat June 22, 1846. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by Isaac G. Farlee. ~ Died June 20, 1846. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Richard P. Her- rick, and took his seat December 7, 1846. s Resigned July 25, 1846. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William H. Haywood, and took his seat December 14, 1846. 172 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. OHIO. William Allen, Chillicothe. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Brinkerhpff, Mansfield. John D. Cummins, New Philadelphia. Francis A. Cunningham, Eaton. Columbus Delano, Mount Vernon. James J. Faran, Cincinnati. George Fries, Hanoverton. Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. Alexander Harper, Zanesville. Joseph J. McDowell, Hillsboro. Joseph Morris, Woodsfield. Isaac Parrish, Parrishs Mills. Thomas Corwin, Lebanon. Augustus L. Perrill, Lithopolis. Joseph M. Root, Norwalk. William Sawyer, St. Marys. Robert C. Schenck, Dayton. Henry St. John, McCutchenville. David A. Starkweather, Canton. Allen G. Thurman, Chillicothe. Daniel R. Tilden, Ravenna. Joseph Vance, Urbana. Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. James Buchanan, 1 Lancaster. Simon Cameron, 2 Middletown. REPRESENTATIVES. James Black, Newport. John Blanchard, Bellefonte. Richard Brodhead, jr., Easton. Joseph Buffington, Kittanning. John H. Campbell, Philadelphia. Cornelius Darragh, Pittsburgh. Jacob Erdman, Coopersburg. John H. Ewing, Washington. Henry D. Foster, Greensburg. William S. Garvin, Mercer. Charles J. Ingersoll, Philadelphia. Joseph R. Ingersoll, Philadelphia. Daniel Sturgeon, Uniontown. Owen D. Leib, Catawissa. Lewis C. Levin, Philadelphia. Moses McLean, Gettysburg. Abraham R. Mcllvaine, Brandywine. James Pollock, Milton. Alexander Ramsey, Harrisburg. John Ritter, Reading. Andrew Stewart, Uniontpwn. John Strohm, New Providence. James Thompson, Erie. David Wilmot, Towanda. Jacob S.- Yost, Pottstown. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. James F. Simmons, Providence. Albert C. Greene, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Lemuel H. Arnold, Wakefield. Henry Y. Cranston, Newport. SOUTH CAROLINA. George McDuffie, 3 Cherry Hill. Andrew P. Butler, 4 Edgefield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Black, Cherokee Iron Works. Armistead Burt, Wilmington. Isaac E. Holmes, Charleston. R. Barn well Rhett, Ashepoo. John C. Calhoun, 5 Pendleton. Richard F. Simpson, Pendleton. Alexander D. Sims, Darlington. Joseph A. Woodward, Winnsboro. TENNESSEE. Spencer Jarnagin, Athens. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucien B. Chase, Clarkesville. William M. Cpcke, Rutledge. John H. Crozier, Knoxville. Alvan Cullom, Livingston. Joseph H. Peyton, 6 Gallatin. Edwin H. Ewing, 7 Nashville. Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. Milton Brown, Jackson. Meredith P. Gentry, Franklin. Andrew Johnson, Greenville. George W. Jones, Fayetteville. Barclay Martin, Columbia. Frederick P. Stanton, Memphis. 1 Resigned March 5, 1845. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Buchanan, and took his seat March 17, 1845. 3 Resigned August 17, 1846. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George McDuffie, and took his seat December 21, 1846; vacancy in this class from January 17, 1846, to December 4, 1846. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Daniel E. Huger, in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 22, 1845; vacancy in this class from March 4. 1845. to November 26, 1845. s Died November 12, 1845. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Joseph H. Peyton, and took his seat January 2, 1846. TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 173 TEXAS. 1 SENATORS. Sam Houston, 2 Raven Hill. Thomas J. Rusk, 3 Nacogdochee. REPRESENTATIVES. David S. Kaufman, 4 Lowes Ferry. Timothy Pillsbury, 5 Brazoria. VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel S. Phelps, Middlebury. William Upham, Montpelier. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Collamer, Woodstock. Paul Dillingham, jr., Waterbury. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. William S. Archer, Lodore. REPRESENTATIVES. Archibald Atkinson, Smithfield. Thomas H. Bayly, Accomac. Henry Bedinger, Charlestown. William G. Brown, Kingwood. Augustus A. Chapman, Union. George C. Dromgoole, Summit. George W. Hopkins, Abingdon. Edmund W. Hubard, Curdsville. Solomon Foot, Rutland. George P. Marsh, Burlington. Isaac S. Pennybacker, 6 New Market. James M. Mason, 7 Winchester. Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. Joseph Johnson, Bridgeport. Shelton F. Leake, Charlottesville. John S. Pendleton, Culpeper. James A. Seddon, Richmond. William Taylor, 8 Lexington. James McDowell, 9 Lexington. William M. Tredway, Danville. TERRITORY OF IOWA. 10 DELEGATE. Augustus C. Dodge, 11 Burlington. TERRITORY OF WISCONSIN. DELEGATE. Morgan L. Martin, Green Bay. 1 Admitted as a State into the Union December 29, 1845. 2 Took his seat March 30, 1846; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1847. 3 Took his seat March 26, 1846; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1851. Took his seat June 1, 1846. * Took his seat June 10, 1846. o Died January 12, 1847. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Isaac S. Penny- backer, and took his seat January 25, 1847. s Died January 17, 1846. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Taylor, and took his seat March C, 1846. 10 Raised to statehood December 28, 1846. Served until December 28, 1846, when the territory be- came the state of Iowa. THIRTIETH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1847, TO MARCH 3, 1849. FIRST SESSION December 6, 1847, to August 14, 1848. SECOND SESSION December 4, 1848, to March 3, 1849. VICE PRESIDENT George M. Dallas, of Pennsylvania. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE David R. Atkinson, 1 of Missouri. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickens, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Robert C. Winthrop, of Massachusetts. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE PRO TEMPORE Armisted Burt, of South Carolina. CLERKS OF THE HOUSE Benjamin B. French, of New Hampshire; Thomas J. Campbell, 2 of Tennessee. Arthur P. Bagby, 3 Tuscaloosa. William R. King, 4 Selma. ALABAMA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Gayle, Mobile. Henry W. Hilliard, Montgomery. Sampson W. Harris, Wetumpka. Samuel W. Inge, Livingston. Dixon H. Lewis, 5 Lowndesboro. Benjamin Fitzpatrick, 6 Wetumpka. George S. Houston, Athens. Williamson R. W. Cobb, Bellefont. Franklin W. Bowdon, Talladega. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Ambrose H. Sevier, 7 Pine Bluff. Solon Borland, 8 Hot Springs. Chester Ashley, 9 Little Rock. William K. Sebastian, 10 Helena. REPRESENTATIVE. Robert W. Johnson, Little Rock. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Jabez W. Huntington, 11 Norwich. Roger S. Baldwin, 12 New Haven. REPRESENTATIVES. James Dixon, Hartford. Samuel D. Hubbard, Middletown. John M. Niles, Hartford. John A. Rockwell, Norwich. Truman Smith, Litchfield. 1 Elected February 2, 1848; June 1, 1848; June 26, 1848; July 29, 1848; December 26, 1848; March 2, 1849. 2 Elected December 7, 1847. a Resigned June 16, 1848. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Arthur P. Bagby, and took his seat July l.'i, 1848; subsequently elected . 5 Died October 25, 1848. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Dixon H. Lewis, and took his seat December 11, 1848. 7 Il-esigned March 15, 1848. 174 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ambrose H. Sevier, and took his seat April 24, 1848; subsequently elected. 9 Died April 29, 1848. 10 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Chester Ash- ley, and took his seat May 31, 1848; subsequently elected. Died November 1, 1847. 12 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Jabez W. Huntington, and took his seat December 7, 1847; subsequently elected. THIRTIETH CONGRESS. DELAWARE. 175 SENATORS. John M. Clayton, 1 New Castle. John Wales/ Wilmington. Presley Spruance, Smyrna. REPRESENTATIVE. John W. Houston, Georgetown. FLORIDA. SENATORS. David L. Yulee, St. Augustine. James D. Westcott, jr., Tallahassee. REPRESENTATIVE. Edward C. Cabell, Tallahassee. GEORGIA. SENATORS. J. Macpherson Berrien, Savannah. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Butler King, Frederica. AJfred Iverson, Columbus. John W. Jones, Griffin. Hugh A. Haralson, La Grange. Sidney Breese, Carlyle. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert Smith, Alton. John A. McClernand, Shawneetown. Orlando B. Ficklin, Charleston. John Wentworth, Chicago. INDIANA. SENATORS. Edward A. Hannegan, Covington. REPRESENTATIVES. Elisha Embree, Princeton. Thomas J. Henley, New Washington. John L. Robinson, Rushville. Caleb B. Smith, Connersville. William W. Wick, Indianapolis. IOWA. SENATORS. Augustus C. Dodge, 6 Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. William Thompson, Mount Pleasant. Walter T. Colquitt, 3 Columbus. Herschell V. Johnson, 4 Milledgeyille. John H. Lumpkin, Rome. Howell Cobb, Athens. Alexander H. Stephens, Crawfordville. Robert Toombs, Washington. Stephen A. Douglas, Quincy. William A. Richardson, Rushville. Thomas J. Turner, Freeport. Abraham Lincoln, Springfield. Jesse D. Bright, Madison. George G. Dunn, Bedford. Richard W. Thompson, Terre Haute. John Pettit, La Fayette. Charles W. Cathcart, Laporte. William Rockhill, Fort Wayne. George W. Jones, 7 Dubuque. Shepherd Leffler, Burlington. 1 Resigned March 3, 1849, to become Secretary of State. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John M. Clayton, and took his seat February 26, 1849. 3 Resigned in February, 1848. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Walter T. Colquitt, and took his seat February 14, 1848. 5 Admitted as a State in preceding Congress. 6 Took his seat December 26, 1848; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1849. 7 Took his seat December 26, 1848; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1853. 176 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. John J. Crittenden, 1 Frankfort. Thomas Metcalfe, 2 Forest Retreat. REPRESENTATIVES. Linn Boyd, Cadiz. Beverly L. Clarke, Franklin. Samuel O. Peyton, Hartford. Aylett Buckner, Greensburg. John B. Thompson, Harrodsburg. Henry Johnson, New River. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Emile La S6re, New Orleans. Bannon G. Thibodeaux, Thibodeaux. MAINE. SENATORS. John Fairfield, 3 Saco. Wyman B. S. Moor, 4 Bangor. Hannibal Hamlin, 5 Hampden. David Hammons, Lovell. Asa W. H. Clapp, Portland. Hiram Belcher, Farmington. Franklin Clark, Wiscasset. REPRESENTATIVES . MARYLAND. SENATORS. James A. Pearce, Chestertown. REPRESENTATIVES. John G. Chapman, Port Tobacco. J. Dixon Roman, Hagerstown. Thomas W. Ligon, Ellicotts Mills. Joseph R. Underwood, Bowling Green. Green Adams, Barbourville. Garnett Duncan, Louisville. Charles S. Morehead, Frankfort. Richard French, Mount Sterling. John P. Gaines, Walton. Solomon W. Downs, Monroe. John H. Harmanson, Simmsport. Isaac E. Morse, St. Martinsville. James W. Bradbury, Augusta. Ephraim K. Smart, Camden. James S. Wiley, Dover. Hezekiah Williams, Castine. Reverdy Johnson, Baltimore. Robert M. McLane, Baltimore. Alexander Evans, Elkton. John W. Crisfield, Princess Anne. MASSACHUSETTS. Daniel Webster, Boston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert C. Winthrop, Boston. Daniel P. King, South Danvers. Amos Abbott, Andover. John G. Palfrey, Cambridge. Charles Hudson, Westminster. George Ashmun, Springfield. John Davis, Worcester. Julius Rockwell, Pittsfield. John Quincy Adams, 6 Quincy. Horace Mann, 7 West Newton. Artemas Hale, Bridgewater. Joseph Grinnell, New Bedford. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Lewis Cass, 8 Detroit. Thomas Fitzgerald, 9 St. Joseph. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert McClelland, Monroe. Edward Bradley. 10 Alpheus Felch, Ann Harbor. Charles E. Stuart, 11 Kalamazoo. Kinsley S. Bingham, Kensington. i Resigned June 12, 1848. a Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John J. Crittenden, and took his seat July 3, 1848; subsequently elected, s Died December 24, 1847. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of John Fairfield, and took his seat January 17, 1848. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Fairfield, and took his seat June 12, 1848. 6 Died in the Speaker's room at the Capitol, February 23. 1848. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Quincy Adams, and took his seat April 13, 1848. 8 Resigned May 29, 1848; subsequently elected to fill the vacancy caused by his own resignation, and took his seat March 3, 1849. 9 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Lewis Cass, and took his seat June 20, 1848. 10 Died August 5, 1847, before the convening of Congress. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Edward Brad- ley, and took his seat December 6, 1847. THIRTIETH CONGRESS. MISSISSIPPI. 177 Jesse Speight, 1 Plymouth. Jefferson Davis, 2 Warrenton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Thompson, Oxford. Winfield S. Featherston, Houston. Henry S. Foote, Jackson. Patrick W. Tompkins, Vicksburg. Albert G. Brown, Gallatin. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. David R. Atchison, Platte City. , REPRESENTATIVES. James B. Bowlin, St. Louis. Willard P. Hall, St. Joseph. John Jameson, Fulton. John S. Phelps, Springfield. James S. Green, Monticello. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Charles G. Atherton, Nashua. John P. Hale, Dover. REPRESENTATIVES. Amos Tuck, Exeter. Charles H. Peaslee, Concord. James Wilson, Keene. James H. Johnson, Bath. Jacob W. Miller, Morristown. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . James G. Hampton, Bridgeton. William A. Newell, Allentown. Joseph E. Edsall, Hamburg. William L. Dayton, Trenton. John Van Dyke, New Brunswick. Dudley S. Gregory, Jersey City. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Daniel S. Dickinson, Binghamton. REPRESENTATIVES. Frederick W. Lord, Greenport. Henry C. Murphy, Brooklyn. Henry Nicoll, New York. William B. Maclay, New York. Frederick A. Tallmadge, New York. David S. Jackson, 3 New York. Horace Greeley, 4 New York. William Nelson, Peekskill. Cornelius Warren, Cold Spring. Daniel B. St. John, Monticello. Eliakim. Sherrill, Shandaken. Peter H. Silvester, Coxsackie. Gideon Reynolds, Hoosick. John I. Slingerland, Bethlehem. Orlando Kellogg, Elizabeth town. Sidney Lawrence, Moira. Hugh White, Cohoes. George Petrie, Little Falls. John A. Dix, Albany. William Collins, Lowville. Joseph Mullin, Watertown. Timothy Jenkins, Oneida Castle. George A. Starkweather, Cooperstown. Ausburn Birdsall, Binghamton. William Duer, Oswego. Daniel Gott, Pompey. Harmon S. Conger, Courtland. William T. Lawrence, Cayutaville. John M. Holley, 5 Lyons. Esbon Blackmar, 6 Newark. Elias B. Holmes, Brockport. Robert L. Rose, Aliens Hill. David Rumsey, jr., Bath. Dudley Marvin, Ripley. Nathan K. Hall, Buffalo. Harvey Putnam, Attica. Washington Hunt, Lockport. 1 Died May 1, 1847. J Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Jesse Speight, and took his seat December 6, 1847; subsequently elected. 3 Election contested bv James Monroe, but the House de- clared on April 19, 1848, that neither was entitled to a seat. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 12 4 Elected to fill vacancy declared to exist by resolutions of April 19, 1848, and took his seat December 4, 1848. 6 Died March 8, 1848. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John M. Holley, and took his seat December 4, 1848. 178 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Willie P. Mangum, Red Mountain. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas L. Clingman, Asheville. Nathaniel Boyden, Salisbury. Daniel M. Barringer, Concord. Augustine H. Shepperd, Salem. Abraham W. Venable, Brownsville. OHIO. William Allen, Chillicothe. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James J. Faran, Cincinnati. David Fisher, Wilmington. Robert C. Schenck, Dayton. Richard S. Canby, Bellefontaine. William Sawyer, St. Marys. Rudolphus Dickinson, Lower Sandusky. Jonathan D. Morris, 1 Batavia. John L. Taylor, Chillicothe. Thomas 0. Edwards, Lancaster. Daniel Duncan, Newark. John K. Miller, Mount Vernon. George E. Badger, Raleigh. John R. J. Daniel, Halifax. James J. McKay, Elizabethtown. Richard S. Donnell, Newbern. David Outlaw, Windsor. Thomas Corwin, Lebanon. Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. Thomas Richey, Somerset. Nathan Evans, Cambridge. William Kennon, jr., St. Clairsville. John D. Cummins, New Philadelphia. George Fries, Hanoverton. Samuel Lahm, Canton. John Crowell, Warren. Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. Joseph M. Root, Norwalk. PENNSYLVANIA. Daniel Sturgeon, Uniontown. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Lewis C. Levin, Philadelphia. Joseph R. Ingersoll, Philadelphia. Charles Brown, Philadelphia. Charles J. Ingersoll, Philadelphia. John Freedley, Norristown. John W. Hornbeck, 2 Allentown. Samuel A. Bridges, 3 Allentown. Abraham R. Mcllvaine, Brandywine. John Strohm, New Providence. William Strong, Reading. Richard Brodhead, Easton. Chester Butler, Wilkes-Barre. David Wilmot, Towanda. Simon Cameron, Middletown. James Pollock, Milton. George N. Eckert, Pottsville. Henry Nes, York. Jasper E. Brady, Chambersburg. John Blanchard, Bellefonte. Andrew Stewart, Uniontown. Job Mann, Bedford. John Dickey, Beaver. Moses Hampton, Pittsburgh. John W. Farrelly, Meadville. James Thompson, Erie. Alexander Irvin, Clearfield. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Albert C. Greene, Providence. John H. Clarke, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Cranston, Newport. Benjamin B. Thurston, Hopkinton. SOUTH CAROLINA. John C. Calhoun, Pendleton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Black, 4 Cherokee Iron Works. Daniel Wallace, 5 Union. Richard F. Simpson, Pendleton. Joseph A. Woodward, Winnsboro. Alexander D. Sims, 6 Darlington. Andrew P. Butler, Edgefield. John McQueen, 7 Bennettsville. Armistead Burt, Willington. Isaac E. Holmes, Charleston. R. Barnwell Rhett, Ashepoo. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas L. Hamer, who died before the commencement of the Congress while serving in the War with Mexico. 2 Died January 16, 1848. '> Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John W. Horn- beck, and took his seat March fi, 1848. Died April 3, 1848. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James A. Black, and took his seat June 12, 1848. Died November 16, 1848. 'Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Alexander O. Sims, and took his seat February 12, 1849. THIRTIETH CONGRESS. 179 TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew Johnson, Greenville. William M. Cocke, Rutledge. John H. Crozier, Knoxville. Hugh L. W. Hill, Irving C9llege. George W. Jones, Fayetteville. James H. Thomas, Columbia. TEXAS. SENATORS. Sam Houston, Raven Hill. REPRESENTATIVES. David S. Kaufman, Sabinetown. VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel S. Phelps, Middlebury. REPRESENTATIVES. William Henry, Bellows Falls. Jacob Collamer. Woodstock. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. James M. Mason, Winchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Archibald Atkinson, Smithfield. Richard K. Meade, Petersburg. Thomas S. Flournoy, Halifax. Thomas S. Bocock, Appomattox. William L. Goggin, Otter Bridge. John M. Botts, Richmond. Thomas H. Bayly, Accomac. Richard L. T. Beale, Hague. John Bell, Nashville. Meredith P. Gentry, Franklin. Washington Barrow, Nashville. Lucien B. Chase, Clarksville. Frederick P. Stanton, Memphis. William T. Haskell, Jackson. Thomas J. Rusk, Nacogdoches. Timothy Pillsbury, Brazoria. William Upham, Montpelier. George P. Marsh, Burlington. Lucius B. Peck, Montpelier. Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. John S. Pendleton, Culpeper. Henry Bedinger, Charlestown. James McDowell, Lexington. William B. Preston, Blacksburg. Andrew S. Fulton, Wytheville. Robert A. Thompson, Kanawha. W T illiam G. Brown, Kingwood. WISCONSIN. 1 SENATORS. i Henry Dodge, 2 Dodgeville. Isaac P. Walker, 3 Milwaukee. REPRESENTATIVES. Mason C. Darling, 4 Fond du Lac. William P. Lynde, 5 Milwaukee. TERRITORY OP WISCONSIN. 6 DELEGATES. Henry H. Sibley, 7 Mendota. John H. Tweedy, Milwaukee. 1 The State of Wisconsin, which was admitted into the Union May 29, 1848, was only a portion of the Territory of 'Wisconsin which continued to retain its territorial organization until March 3, 1849, when it was reorganized as the Territory of Min- nesota. 2 Took his seat June 23, 1848; term to expire, as determined by lot. March 3, 1851. 3 Took his seat June 26, 1848; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1849. Took his seat June 9, 1848. '> Took his seat June 5, 1848. 6 The western portion of the Territory of Wisconsin retained its territorial organization under the same name until reor- ganized into the Territory of Minnesota by Act of March 3, 1849. 7 Took his seat January 15, 1849. THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1849, TO MARCH 3, 1851. FIRST SESSION December 3, 1849, to September 30, 1850. SECOND SESSION Decem- ber 2, 1850, to March 3, 1851. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 5, 1849, to March 23, 1849. VICE PBESIDENT Millard Fillmore, 1 of New York. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE David R. Atchison, 2 of Missouri; William R. King, 3 of Alabama. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickins, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Howell Cobb, of Georgia. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE PRO TEMPORE Robert C. Winthrop, of Massachusetts. CLERKS OF THE HOUSE Thomas J. Campbell, of Tennessee; Richard M. Young, 4 of Illinois. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William R. King, Selma. Jeremiah Clemens, 5 Huntsville. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Alston, Linden. P^vid Hubbard, Kinlock^ Henry W. Hilliard, Montgomery. Sampson W. Harris, Wetumpka. Samuel W. Inge, Livingston. Williamson R. W. Cobb, Bellefont. "Franklin W. Bowdon, Talladega. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Solon Borland, Hot Springs. William K. Sebastian, Helena. REPRESENTATIVE . Robert W. Johnson, Little Rock. CALIFORNIA. 6 SENATORS. William M. Gwin, 7 San Francisco. John C. Fremont, 8 San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward Gilbert, 9 San Francisco. George W. Wright, 9 San Francisco. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Roger S. Baldwin, New Haven. Truman Smith, Litchfield. REPRE SENT ATI VE S . Loren P. Waldo, Tolland. Walter Booth, Meriden. Chauncey F. Cleveland, Hampton. Thomas B. Butler, Norwalk. 1 Became President by death of Zachary Taylor, July 9, 1850. 2 Elected March 5, 1849, and again March 16, 1849 (special session of the Senate). s Elected May 6, 1850; July 11, 1850. Elected April 17, 1850. B Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Dixon H. Lewis in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 6, 1849. 180 6 Admitted as a State into the Union September 9, 1850. 7 Took his seat September 10, 1850; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1855. s Took his seat September 10, 1850; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1851. "Took his seat September 11, 1850. THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 181 Presley Spruance, Smyrna. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE . John W. Houston, Georgetown. John Wales, Wilmington. Jackson Morton, Pensacola. FLORIDA. SENATORS. David L. Yulee, St. Augustine. REPRESENTATIVE. Edward C. Cabell, Tallehassee. GEORGIA. SENATORS. J. Macpherson Berrien, Savannah. William C. Dawson, Greensboro. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. King, 1 Waynesville. Joseph W. Jackson, 2 Savannah. Marshall J. Wellborn, Columbus. Allen F. Owen, Talbotton. Hugh A. Haralson, La Grange. ILLINOIS. Thomas C. Hackett, Rome. Howell Cobb, Athens. Alexander H. Stephens, Crawfordsville. Robert Toombs, Washington. itepj ,W; SENATORS. Stephen A. Douglas, Chicago. James Shields, 3 Belleville. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Bissell, Belleville. John A. McClernand, Shawneetown. Timothy R. Young, Marshall. John Wentworth, Chicago. INDIANA. William A. Richardson, Quincy. Edward D. Baker, Galena. Thomas L. Harris, Petersburg. Jesse D. Bright, Madison. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel Albertson, Greenville. Cyrus L. Dunham, Salem. John L. Robinson, Rushville. George W. Julian, Centerville. William J. Brown, Indianapolis. James Whitcomb, Indianapolis. Willis A. Gorman, Bloomington. Richard W. McGaughey, Rockville. Joseph E. McDonald, Crawfordsville. Graham N. Fitch, Logansport. Andrew J. Harlan, Marion. IOWA. SENATORS. Augustus C. Dodge, Burlington. George W. Jones, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. William Thompson, 4 Mount Pleasant. Shepherd Leffler, Burlington. Daniel F. Miller, 5 Fort Madison. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Joseph R. Underwood, Bowling Green. REPRESENTATIVES. Linn Boyd. Belleview. James L. Johnson, Owensboro. Finis E. McLean, Elkton. George A. Caldwell, Columbia. John B. Thompson, Harrodsburg. Henry Clay, Lexington. Daniel Breck, Richmond. Humphrey Marshall, Drennons Lick. Charles S. Morehead, Frankfort. John C. Mason, Owingsville. Richard H. Stanton, Maysville. 1 Resigned February 27, 1851, to become collector of the port of San Francisco, Cal. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas B. King, and took his seat March 4, 1850. 3 There was a vacancy in this class from March 16, 1849, to December 2, 1849, Mr. Shields "not having been a citizen of the United States the term of years required at the com- mencement of the term for which he was elected." He was subsequently elected for the term commencing March 4, 1849, and took his seat December 3, 1849. Election contested by Daniel F. Miller; served until June 29, 1850, when the House declared that neither was entitled to the seat. 6 Unsuccessfully contested the election of William Thomp- son; subsequently elected at special election, and took his seat December 20, 1850. 182 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Solomon W. Downs, Monroe. REPRESENTATIVES. Emile La Sere, New Orleans. Charles M. Conrad, 1 New Orleans. Henry A. Bullard, 2 New Orleans. MAINE. Pierre Soule, New Orleans. John II. Harmanson, 3 Simmsport. Alexander G. Penn, 4 Coyington. Isaac E. Morse, St. Martinsville. SENATORS. James W. Bradbury, Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. Elbridge Gerry, Waterford. Nathaniel S. Littlefield, Bridgeton. John Otis, Hallowell. Eufus K. Goodenow, Paris. MARYLAND. Hannibal Hamlin, Hampden. Cullen Sawtelle, Norridgewock. Charles Stetson, Bangor. Thomas J. D. Fuller, Calais. James A. Pearce, Chestertown. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard I. Bowie, Rockville. William T. Hamilton, Hagerstown. Edward Hammond, Ellicotts Mills. MASSACHUSETTS. Reverdy Johnson, 5 Baltimore. David Stewart, (i Baltimore. Thomas G. Pratt, 7 Annapolis. Robert M. McLane, Baltimore. Alexander Evans, Elkton. John B. Kerr, Easton. Daniel Webster, 8 Boston. Robert C. Winthrop, 9 Boston. Robert Rantoul, jr., 10 Boston. Robert C. Winthrop, 11 Boston. Samuel A. Eliot, 12 Boston. James H. Duncan, Haverhill. Charles Allen, Worcester. George Ashmun, Springfield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MICHIGAN. John Davis, Worcester. Julius Rockwell, Pittsfield. Horace Mann, West Newton. Orin Fowler, Fall River. Joseph Grinnell, New Bedford. Daniel P. King, 13 South Danvers. Lewis Cass, Detroit. SENATORS. Alpheus Felch, Ann Arbor. REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander W. Buel, Detroit. Kingsley S. Bingham, Kensington. William Sprague, Kalamazco. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Henry S. Foote, Jackson. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Thompson, Oxford. Winfield S. Featherston, Houston. MISSOURI. Jefferson Davis, Palmyra. William McWillie, Camden. Albert G. Brown, Gallatin. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. James B. Bowlin, St. Louis. William V. N. Bay, Union. James S. Green, Canton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. i Resigned August 17, 1850. a Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles M. Conrad, and took his seat December 5, 1850. ^ Died October 25, 1850. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John II. Har- manson, and took his seat December 30, 1850. 6 Resigned March 9, 1849. Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Reverdy Johnson, and took his seat December 8, 1849. 'Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Reverdy Johnson, and took his seat January 14, 1850. David R. Atchison, Platte City. Willard P. Hall, St. Joseph. John S. Phelps, Springfield. 8 Resigned July 22, 1850, having been appointed Secretary of State. 9 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Daniel Webster, and took his seat July 30, 1850; served until Febru- ary 1, 1851. "> Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Daniel Webster, and took his seat February 22, 1851. i' Resigned July 27, 1830, having been appointed Senator. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert C. Winthrop, and took his seat August 22, 1850. w Died July 25, 1850. THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS, 183 NEW HAMPSHIRE. John P. Hale, Dover. Amos Tuck, Exeter. Charles H. Peaslee, Concord. James Wilson, 2 Keene. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. Moses Norris, jr., Manchester. George W. Morrison, 1 Manchester. Harry Hibbard, Bath. William L. Dayton, Trenton. Andrew K. Hay, Winslow. William A. Newell, Allentown. Isaac Wildrick, Blairstown. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. Jacob W. Miller, Monistown. John Van Dyke, New Brunswick. James G. King, Hoboken. SENATORS. Daniel S. Dickinson, Binghamton. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. King, Jamaica. David A. Bokee, Brooklyn. J. Phillips Phoenix, New York. Walter Underbill, New York. George Briggs, New York. James Brooks, New York. William Nelson, Peekskill. Ransom Halloway, Beekman. Thomas McKissock, Newburgh. Herman D. Gould, Delhi. Peter H. Silvester, Coxsackie. Gideon Reynolds, Hoosick. John L. Schoolcraft, Albany. George R. Andrews, Ticonderoga. John R. Thurman, Chestertown. Hugh White, Cohoes. Henry P. Alexander, Little Falls. William II . Seward, Auburn. Preston King, Ogdensburg. Charles E. Clarke, Great Bend. Orsamus B. Matteson, Utica. Hiram Walden, Waldensville. Henry Bennett, New Berlin. William Duer, Oswego. Daniel Gott, Pompey. Harmon S. Conger, Cortland. William T. Jackson, Havana. William A. Sackett, Seneca Falls. Abraham M. Schermerhorn, Rochester. Robert L. Rose, Aliens Hill. David Rumsey, jr., Bath. Elijah Risley, Fredonia. Elbridge G. Spaulding, Buffalo. Harvey Putnam, Attica. Lorenzo Burrows, Albion. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Willie P. Mangum, Red Mountain. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas L. Clingman, Asheyille. Joseph P. Caldwell, Statesville. Edmund Deberry, Mount Gilead. Augustine H. Shepperd, Salem. Abraham W. Venable, Brownsville. George E. Badger, Raleigh. John R. J. Daniel, Halifax. William S. Ashe, Wilmington. Edward Stanly, Washington. David Outlaw, Windsor. OHIO. Thomas Corwin, 3 Lebanon. Thomas Ewing, 4 Lancaster. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. David T. Disney, Cincinnati. Lewis D. Campbell, Hamilton. Robert C. Schenck, Dayton. Moses B. Corwin, Urbana. Emery D. Potter, Toledo. Rudolphus Dickinson, 5 LowerSandusky. Amos E. Wood, 6 Woodville. John Bell, 7 Fremont. Jonathan D. Morris, Batavia. John L. Taylor, Chillicothe. Edson B. Olds, Circle ville. Charles Sweetser, Delaware. Salmon P. Chase, Cincinnati. John K. Miller, Mount Vernon. Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. William A. Whittlesey, Marietta. Nathan Evans, Cambridge. William F. Hunter, Woodsfield. Moses Hoagland, Millersburg. Joseph Cable, Carrollton. David K. Cartter, Massillon. John Crowell, Warren. Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. Joseph M. Root, Sandusky. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Wil- son, and took his seat December 2, 1850; election unsuccessfully contested by Jared Perkins. 2 Resigned September 9, 1850. 3 Resigned July 20, 1850, having been appointed Secretary of the Treasury. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas Corwin, and took his seat July 27, 1850. s Died March 12, 1849. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of Rudolphus Dickinson, and took his seat December 3, 1849; died Novem- ber 19, 1850. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Amos E. Wood, and took his seat January 7, 1851. 184 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Daniel Sturgeon, Union town. REPRESENTATIVES. Lewis C. Levin, Philadelphia. Joseph R. Chandler, Philadelphia. Henry D. Moore, Philadelphia. John Bobbins, jr., 3 Philadelphia. John Freedley, Norristown. Thomas Ross, Doylestown. Jesse C. Dickey, New London. Thaddeus Stevens, Lancaster. William Strong, Reading. Milo M. Dimmick, Stroudsburg. David Wilmot, Towanda. Joseph Casey, New Berlin. Charles W. Pitman, Pottsville. James Cooper, Pottsville. Henry Nes, 1 York. Joel B. Danner, 2 Gettysburg. James X. McLanahan, Chambersburg. Samuel Calvin, Hollidaysburg. Andrew J. Ogle, Somerset. Job Mann, Bedford. Robert R. Reed, Washington. Moses Hampton, Pittsburgh. John W. Howe, Franklin. James Thompson, Erie. Alfred Gilmore, Butler. Chester Butler, 4 Wilkes-Barre. John Brisbin, 5 Wilkes-Barre. RHODE ISLAND. John H. Clarke, Providence. George G. King, Newport. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert C. Greene, Providence. John C. Calhoun, 6 Pendleton. Franklin H. Elmore. 7 Robert W.Barnwell. 8 R. Barnwell Rhett, 9 Charleston. Nathan F. Dixon, Westerly. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Andrew P. Butler, Edgefield. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Wallace, Union. James L. Orr, Anderson. Joseph A. Woodward, Winnsboro. John McQueen, Bennettsville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew Johnson, Greenville. Albert G. Watkins, Panther Springs. Josiah M. Anderson, Fairview. John H. Savage, Smithville. George W. Jones, Favetteville. James H. Thomas, Columbia. TEXAS. Armistead Burt, Willington. Isaac E. Holmes, Charleston. William F. Colcock, Grahamville. John Bell, Nashville. Meredith P. Gentry, Franklin. Andrew Ewing, Nashville. Isham G. Harris, Paris. Frederick P. Stan ton, Memphis. Christopher H. Williams, Lexington. SENATORS. Sam Houston, Huntsville. Thomas J. Rusk, Nacogdoches. REPRESENTATIVES. David S. Kaufman, 10 Sabine. Volney E. Howard, San Antonio. > Died September 10, 1850. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry Nes, and took his seat December 2, 1850. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by John S. Littell. < Died October 5, 1850. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Chester Butler, and took his seat January 13, 1851. o Died March 31, 1850. 7 Appointed to fill vacancy in term ending March 3, 1853, caused by death of John C. Calhoun, and took his seat May 6, 1850; died May 29, 1850. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy in term ending March 3, 1853, caused by deaths of John C. Calhoun and Franklin H. El- more, and took his seat June 24, 1850. 9 Elected to fill vacancy in term ending March 3, 1853, caused by deaths of John C. Calhoun and Franklin H. El- more, and took his seat January 6, 1851. i" Died January 31, 1851. THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 185 VERMONT. SENATORS. Samuel S. Phelps, Middlebury. REPRESENTATIVES. William Henry, Bellows Falls. William Hebard, Chelsea. George P. Marsh, 1 Burlington VIRGINIA. SENATORS. James M. Mason, Winchester. REPRESENTATIVES. John S. Millson, Norfolk. Richard K. Meade, Petersburg. Thomas H. Averett, Halifax. Thos. S. Bocock, Appomattox. Paulus Powell, Amherst. James A. Seddon, Richmond. Thomas H. Bayly, Accomac. Alexander R. Holladay, Mansfield. Henry Dodge, Dodgeville. Charles Durkee, Southport. Orsamus Cole, Potosi WISCONSIN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Upham, Montpelier. James Meacham, 2 Middlebury. Lucius B. Peck, Montpelier. Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. Jeremiah Morton, Raccoon Ford. Richard Parker, Berryville. James McDowell, Lexington. Henry A. Edmundson, Salem. Fayette McMullen, Rye Cove. James M. H. Beale, Point Pleasant. Alexander Newman, 3 Wheeling. Thomas S. Haymond, 4 Fairmount. Isaac P. Walker, Milwaukee. James Duane Doty, Menasha. TERRITORY OF MINNESOTA. 5 DELEGATE. Henry H. Sibley, Mendota. TERRITORY OF OREGON. 8 DELEGATE. Samuel R. Thurston, Linn City. i Resigned In 1849 to become Minister to Turkey. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George P. Marsh, and took his seat December 3, 1849. 3 Died September 8, 1849, before the convening of Congress. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Alexander New- man, and took his seat December 3, 1849. 8 Formed March 3, 1849, from the portion of Wisconsin Terri- tory remaining after the erection of the State of Wisconsin, (May 29, 1848), and granted a Delegate in Congress. 8 Formed August 14, 1848, from territory ceded to the United States by the treaty with France of April 30, 1803, the treaty with Spain of February 22, 1819, and the treaty with Great Britain of June 15, 1846. THIRTY-SECOND CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1851, TO MARCH 3, 1853. FIRST SESSION December 1, 1851, to August 81, 1852. SECOND SESSION December 6, 1852, to March 3, 183. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1851, to March 13, 1851. VICE PRESIDENT ' . PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE William R. King, 2 of Alabama; David R. Atchison, 3 of Missouri. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickens, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Linn Boyd, of Kentucky. CLERK OF THE HOUSE John W. Forney, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. William R. King, 4 Selma. Jeremiah Clemens, Huntsville. Benjamin Fitzpatrick, 5 Wetumpka. REPRESENTATIVE. John Bragg, Mobile. George S. Houston, Athens. James Abercrombie, Girard. Williamson R. W. Cobb, Bellefont. Sampson W. Harris, Wetumpka. Alexander White, Talladega. William R. Smith, Fayette. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William K. Sebastian, Helena. Solon Borland, Hot Springs. REPRESENTATIVE. Robert W. Johnson, Little Rock. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. William M. Gwin, San Francisco. John B. Weller. 6 San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward C. Marshall, Sonora. Joseph W. McCorkle, Marysville. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Truman Smith, Litchfield. Isaac Toucey, 7 Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Chapman, Hartford. Chauncey F. Cleveland, Hampton. Colin M. Ingersoll, New Haven. Origen S. Seymour, Litchfield. 'Vice President Millard Fillmore became President on the liam R. King, and took his seat January 20, 1853; subse- death of Zachary Taylor in preceding Congress. quently elected. 2 Resigned as President pro tempore December 20, 1852. "Took his seat March 17, 1852; vacancy from March 4, 1851, 3 Elected December 20, 1852. to March 17, 1852. Resigned in January, 1853. 'Took his seat May 14, 1852; vacancy from March 4, 1851, 5 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Wil- to May 12, 1852. 186 THIRTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 187 DELAWARE. SENATORS. Presley Spruance, Smyrna. James A. Bayard, Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. George Read Riddle, Wilmington. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Jackson Morton, Pensacola. Stephen R. Mallory, 1 Jacksonville. REPRESENTATIVE . Edward C. Cabell, Tallehassee. GEORGIA. SENATORS. John Macpherson Berrien, 2 Savannah. Robert M. Charlton, 3 Savannah. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph W. Jackson, Savannah. James Johnson, Columbus. David J. Bailey, Jackson. Charles Murphy, Decatur. William C. Dawson, Greensboro. Elijah W. Chastain, Tacoah. Junius Hillyer, Monroe. Alexander H. Stephens, Crawford ville. Robert Toombs, Washington. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Stephen A. Douglas, Chicago. James Shields, Belleville. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Bissell, Belleville. Willis Allen, Marion. Orlando B. Ficklin, Charleston. Richard S. Molony, Belvidere. Jesse D. Bright, Madison. INDIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Lockhart, Evansville. Cyrus L. Dunham, Salem. John L. Robinson, Rush ville. Samuel W. Parker, Connersville. Thomas A. Hendricks, Shelbyville. William A. Richardson, Quincy. Thompson Campbell, Galena. Richard Yates, Jacksonville. James Whitcomb, 4 Indianapolis. Charles W. Cathcart, 5 Laporte. John Pettit, 6 La Fayette. Willis A. Gorman, Blopmington. John G. Davis, Rockville. Daniel Mace, LaFayette. Graham N. Fitch, Logansport. Samuel Brenton, Fort Wayne. IOWA. SENATORS. Augustus C. Dodge, Burlington. George W. Jones, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Bernhart Henn, Fairneld. Lincoln Clark, Dubuque. ' Election unsuccessfully contested by David L. Yulee. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of James Whit- 1 Resigned May 28. 1852. comb, and took his seat December (i, 1852. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Whitcomb, Macpherson Berrien, and took his seat June 11, 1852. and took his seat January 18, 1853. Died October 4, 1852. 188 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Joseph R. Underwood, Bowling Green. Henry Clay, 1 Lexington. David Men wether. 2 Louisville. Archibald Dixon, 3 Henderson. REPRESENTATIVES. Linn Bqyd, Paducah. Benjamin E. Grey, Hopkinsville. Presley U. Ewing, Russellville. William T. Ward, Greensburg. James W. Stone, Elizabeth town. Addison White, Richmond. Humphrey Marshall, 4 Newcastle. William Preston, 6 Louisville. John C. Breckinridge, Lexington. John C. Mason, Owensville. Richard H. Stan ton, Maysville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Solomon W. Downs, Monroe. Pierre Soule", New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES . Louis St. Martin, New Orleans. J/Aristide Landry, Donaldson ville. Alexander G. Penn, Covington. John Moore, New Iberia. Ephraim K. Smart, Camden. Israel Washburn, jr., Orono. Thomas J. D. Fuller, Calais. MAINE. SENATORS. James W. Bradbury, Augusta. Hannibal Hamlin, Hampden. REPRESENTATIVES. Moses McDonald, Biddeford. John Appleton, Portland. Robert Goodenow, Farmington. Charles Andrews, 6 Paris. Isaac Reed, 7 Waldoboro. MARYLAND. SENATORS. James A. Pearce, Chestertown. Thomas G. Pratt,, Annapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard I. Bowie, Rockville. Thomas Yates Walsh, Baltimore. William T. Hamilton, Hagerstown. Alexander Evans, Elkton. Edward Hammond, Ellicotts Mills. Joseph S. Cottman, Upper Trappe. MASSACHUSETTS. John Davis, Worcester. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Appleton, Boston. Orin Fowler, 8 Fall River. Edward P. Little, 9 Marshfield. James H. Duncan, Haverhill. Robert Rantoul, jr., 10 Beverly. Francis B. Fay, 11 Chelsea. Charles Allen, Worcester. Charles Sumner, Boston. George T. Davis, Greenfield. John Z. Goodrich, Glendale. Horace Mann, West Newton. Benjamin Thompson, 12 Charlestown. Lorenzo Sabine, 13 Framingham. Zeno Scudder, Barnstable. i Tendered his resignation December 15, 1851, "to take effect on the first Monday of September, 1852"; died June 29, 1852, Appointed July 6, 1852, to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry Clay and to serve "until the time the resignation of Henry Clay takes effect" ; took his seat July 15, 1852, and served until the adjournment of the session, August 31, 1852. Elected December 30, 1851, to fill vacancy anticipated by the resignation of Henry Clay; credentials presented and he appeared to qualify December 6, 1852; the seat was vacant until December 20, 1852, when a resolution was adopted de- claring him duly elected "to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Mr. Clay," and entitled to the seat; took his seat the same day. 'Resigned August 4, 1852. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Humphrey Marshall, and took his seat December C, 1852. 8 Died April 30, 1852. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles Andrews, and took his seat June 25, 1852. 8 Died September 3, 1852. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Orin Fowler, and took his seat December 30, 1852. '"Died August 7, 1852. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Robert Rantoul jr., and took his seat December 29, 1852. 12 Died September 24, 1852. 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Benjamin Thompson, and took his seat December 28, 1852. THIRTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 189 MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Lewis Cass, Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Ebenezer J. Penniman, Plymouth. Charles E. Stuart, Kalamazoo. Henry S. Foote, 1 Jackson. Walter Brooke, 2 Lexington. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. RE PR E 8 E NTATI VE S . Benjamin D. Nabers, Hickory Flat. John A. Wilcox, Aberdeen. Alpheus Felch, Ann Arbor. James L. Conger, Mount Clemens. Jefferson Davis. 3 Palmyra. John J. McRae, 4 Enterprise. Stephen Adams, 5 Aberdeen. John D. Freeman, Jackson. Albert G. Brown, Gallatin. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David R. Atchison, Platte City. Henry S. Geyer, St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Darby, St. Louis. Willard P. Hall, St. Joseph. Gilchrist Porter, Bowling Green. John G. Miller, Boonville. John S. Phelps, Springfield. NEW HAMPSHIRE. John P. Hale, Dover. Amos Tuck, Exeter. Charles H. Peaslee, Concord. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Moses Norris, jr., Manchester. Jared Perkins, Winchester. Harry Hibbard, Bath. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Jacob W. Miller, Morristown. Robert F. Stockton, 6 Princeton. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathan T. Stratton, Mullica Hill. Charles Skelton, Trenton. Isaac Wildrick, Blairstown. NEW YORK. George H. Brown, Somerville. Rodman M. Price, Hoboken. William H. Seward, Auburn. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John G. Floyd, Moriches. Obadiah Bowne, Richmond. Emanuel B. Hart, New York. J. H. Hobart Haws, New York. George Briggs, New York. James Brooks, New York. Abraham P. Stephens, Nyack. Gilbert Dean, Poughkeepsie. William Murray, Goshen. Marius Schoonmaker, Kingston. Josiah Sutherland, Hudson. David L. Seymour, Troy. John L. Schoolcraft, Albany. John H. Boyd, Whitehall. Joseph Russell, Warrensburg. John Wells, Johnstown. Alexander H. Buell, 7 Fairfield. Hamilton Fish, New York. Preston King, Ogdensburg. William Ives, Watertown. Timothy Jenkins, Oneida Castle. William W. Snow, Oneonta. Henry Bennett, New Berlin. Leander Babcock, Oswego. Daniel T. Jones, Bald wins ville. Thomas Y. Howe, jr., Auburn. Henry S. Walbridge, Ithaca. William A. Sackett, Seneca Falls. A. M. Schermerhorn, Rochester. Jedediah Hereford, Moscow. Reuben Robie, Bath. Frederick S. Martin, Olean. Solomon G. Haven, Buffalo. Augustus P. Hascall, Le Roy. Lorenzo Burrows, Albion. 1 Resigned in 1852. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry S. Foote, and took his seat March 11, 1852. 8 Resigned November , 1851. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jefferson Davis, and took his seat December 19, 1851. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jefferson Davis, and took his seat March 17, 1852. Resigned January 10, 1853; vacancy during remainder of the Congress. ' Died January 29, 1863. 190 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Willie P. Mangum, Red Mountain. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas L. Clingman, Asheville. Joseph P. Caldwell, Statesville. Alfred Dockery, Dockerys Store. James T. Morehead, Greensboro. Abraham W. Venable, Brownsville. Salmon P. Chase, Cincinnati. OHIO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. David T. Disney, Cincinnati. Lewis D. Campbell, Hamilton. Hiram Bell, Greenville. Benjamin Stan ton, Belief on taine. Alfred P. Edgerton, Hicksville. Frederick W. Green, Tiffin. Nelson Barrere, Hillsboro. John L. Taylor, Chillicothe. Edson B. Olds, Circleville. Charles Sweetser, Delaware. George H. Busby, Marion. George E. Badger, Raleigh. John R. J. Daniel, Halifax. William S. Ashe, Wilmington. Edward Stanly, Washington. David Outlaw, Windsor. Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. John Welch, Athens. James M. Gaylord, McConnellsville. Alexander Harper, Zanesville. William F. Hunter, Woodsfield. John Johnson, Coshocton. Joseph Cable, Carrollton. David K. Cartter, Massillon. Eben Newton, Canfield. Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. Norton S. Townshend, Avon. PENNSYLVANIA. James Cooper, Pottsville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Florence. Philadelphia. Joseph R. Chandler, Philadelphia. Henry D. Moore, Philadelphia. John Robbins, jr., Kensington. John McNair, Norristown. Thomas Ross, Doylestown. John A. Morrison, Cochransville. Thaddeus Stevens, Lancaster. J. Glancy Jones, Reading. Milo M. Dimmick, Stroudsburg. Henry M. Fuller, 1 Wilkes-Barre. Galusha A. Grow, Glenwood. Richard Brodhead, Easton. James Gamble, Jersey Shore. Thomas M. Bibighaus, Lebanon. William H. Kurtz, York. James X. McLanahan, Chambersbunj. Andrew Parker, Mifflintown. John L. Dawson, Brownsville. Joseph H. Kuhns, Greensburg. John Allison, Beaver. Thomas M. Howe, Allegheny City. John W. Howe, Franklin. Carl ton B. Curtis, W T arren. Alfred Gilmore, Butler. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. John H. Clarke, Providence. Charles T. James, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. George G. King, Newport. Benjamin B. Thurston, Hopkinton. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Andrew P. Butler, Edgefield. R. Barnwell Rhett, 2 Charleston. William F. De Saussure, 3 Columbia. REPRESENTATIVES. Armistead Burt, Willington. William Aiken, Charleston. William F. Colcock, Grahamville. Daniel Wallace, Jonesville. James L. Orr, Anderson. Joseph A. Woodward, Winnsboro. John McQueen, Bennettsville. ' Election unsuccessfully contested by Hendrick B. Wright. 3 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of R. Barn- ! Resigned in 1852. well Rhelt, and took his seat May 24, 1852; subsequently elected. John Bell, Nashville. THIRTY-SECOND CONGRESS. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. 191 REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew Johnson, Greeneville. Albert G. Watkins, Panther Springs. William M. Churchwell, Knoxville. John H. Savage, Smithville. George W. Jones, Fayetteville. William H. Polk, Columbia. Sam Houston, Huntsville. Richardson Scurry, Clarksville. Solomon Foot, Rutland. Ahiman L. Miner, Manchester. William Hebard, Chelsea. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. REPRESENTATIVES. John S. Millson, Norfolk. Richard K. Meade, Petersburg. Thomas H. Averett, Halifax. Thomas S. Bocock, Appomattox. Paulus Powell, Amherst. John S. Caskie, Richmond. Thomas H. Bayly, Accomac. Alexander R. Holladay, Mansfield. Henry Dodge, Dodgeville. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Durkee, Kenosha. Benjamin C. Eastman, Platteville. James C. Jones, Memphis. Meredith P. Gentry, Franklin. William Cullom, Carthage. Isham G. Harris, Paris. Frederick P. Stan ton, Memphis. Christopher H. Williams, Lexington. Thomas J. Rusk, Nacogdoches. Volney E. Howard, San Antonio. William Upham, 1 Montpelier. Samuel S. Phelps, 2 Middlebury. James Meacham, Middlebury. Thomas Bartlett, jr., Lyndon. James M. Mason, Winchester. James F. Strother, Rappahannock. Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. John Letcher, Lexington. Henry A. Edmundson, Salem. Fayette McMullen, Rye Cove. James M. H. Beale, Point Pleasant. George W. Thompson. 3 Sherrard Clemens, 4 Wheeling. Isaac P. W T alker, Milwaukee. James Duane Doty, Menasha. TERRITORY OF MINNESOTA. DELEGATE. Henry H. Sibley, Mendota. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. 5 DELEGATE. Richard H. Weightman, 6 Santa Fe. TERRITORY OF OREGON. DELEGATE. Joseph Lane, Oregon City. TERRITORY OF UTAH. 5 DELEGATE. John M. Bernhisel, 6 Salt Lake City. i Died January 14, 1853. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of William Up- ham, and took his seat January 19, 1853. Resigned in 1852. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George W. Thompson, and took his seat December 6, 1852. 6 Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to the United- States by Mexico by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of February 2, 1848, and erected into a territorial government, and granted a Delegate in Congress by Act of September 9, 1850. e Took his seat December 1, 1851. THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1853, TO MARCH 3, 1855. FIRST SESSION December 5, 1853, to August 7, 1854. SECOND SESSION December 4, 1864, to March 3, 1855. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1853, to April 11, 1853. VICE-PEE SIDENT William B. King, 1 of Alabama. PBESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPOBE David B. Atchison, 2 of Missouri; Lewis Cass, 3 of Michigan; Jesse D. Bright, 4 of Indiana. SECBETABY OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickens, of North Carolina. SPEAKEB OF THE HOUSE Linn Boyd, of Kentucky. CLEBK OF THE HOUSE John W. Forney, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Benjamin Fitzpatrick, Wetumpka. Clement 0. Clay, jr., Huntsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Philip Phillips, Mobile. George S. Houston, Athens. James Abercrombie, Girard. Williamson R. W. Cobb, Bellefont. Sampson W. Harris, Wetumpka. James F. Dowdell, Chambers. William R. Smith, Fayette. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William K. Sebastian, Helena. Solon Borland, 5 Hot Springs. Robert W. Johnson, Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred B. Greenwood, Bentonville. Edward A. Warren, Camden. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. William M. Gwin, San Francisco. John B. Weller, San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Milton S. Latham, Sacramento City. James A. McDougall, San Francisco. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Truman Smith, 7 Litchfield. Isaac Toucey, Hartford. Francis Gillette, 8 Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. James T. Pratt, Rockyhill. Nathan Belcher, New London. Colin M. Ingersoll, New Haven. Origen S. Seymour, Litchfield. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A. Bayard, Wilmington. John M. Clayton, Chippewa. REPRESENTATIVE. George Read Riddle, Wilmington. 1 Died April 18, 1853, after taking the oath of office at Ha- 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Solon vana, a privilege accorded by special act of Congress. Borland, and took his seat December 5, 1853; subsequently 2 Elected March 4, 1853. elected. 3 Elected December 4, 1854, for one day only. 7 Resigned to take effect May 24, 1854. < Elected Decembers, 1854. selected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Truman 6 Resigned April 3, 1853, to become minister to Central Smith, and took his seat May 25, 1854. America. 192 THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 193 FLORIDA. SENATORS. Jackson Morton, Pensacola. Stephen R. Mallory, Jacksonville. REPRESENTATIVE. Augustus E. Maxwell, Tallahassee. GEORGIA. SENATORS. William C. Dawson, Greensboro. REPRESENTATIVES. James L. Seward, Thomas ville. Alfred H. Colquitt, Newton. David J. Bailey, Jackson. William B. W. Dent, Newnan. Stephen A. Douglas, Chicago. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Elihu B. Washburne, Galena. John Wentworth, Chicago. Jesse O. Norton, Joliet. James Knox, Knox ville. William A. Richardson, Quincy. INDIANA. SENATORS. Jesse D. Bright, Madison. REPRESENTATIVES. Smith Miller, Patoka. William H. English, Lexington. Cyrus L. Dunham, Valley Farm. James H. Lane, Lawrenceburg. Samuel W. Parker, Conners ville. Thomas A. Hendricks, Shelbyville. IOWA. SENATORS. Augustus C. Dodge, Burlington. Bernhart Henn, Fairfield. Archibald Dixon, Henderson. REPRESENTATIVES. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Linn Boyd, Paducah. Benjamin E. Grey, Hopkinsville. Presley Ewing, 1 Russell ville. Francis M. Bristow, 2 Elkton. James S. Chrisman, Monticello. Clement S. Hill, Lebanon. Pierre Soule, 3 New Orleans. John Slidell, 4 New Orleans. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Dunbar, New Orleans. Theodore G. Hunt, New Orleans. Robert Toombs, Washington. Elijah W. Chastain, Tacoah. Junius Hillyer, Monroe. David A. Reese, Monticello. Alexander H. Stephens, Crawford ville. James Shields, Belleville. Richard Yates, Jacksonville. James C. Allen, Palestine. William H. Bissell, Belleville. Willis Allen, Marion. John Pettit, La Fayette. John G. Davis, Rock ville. Daniel Mace, La Fayette. Norman Eddy, South Bend. Ebenezer M. Chamberlain, Goshen. Andrew J. Harlan, Marion. George W. Jones, Dubuque. John P. Cook, Davenport. John B. Thompson, 1 Harrodsburg. John M. Elliott, Prestonburg. William Preston, Louisville. John C. Breckinridge, Lexington. Leander M. Cox, Flemingsburg. Richard H. Stan ton, Maysville. Judah P. Benjamin, New Orleans. John Perkins, jr., Ash wood. Roland Jones, Shreveport. 1 Died September 27, 1854. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Presley Ewing, and took his seat December 4, 1854. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 13 s Resigned April 11, 1853. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Pierre Soule 1 , and took his seat December 5, 1853. 194 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MAINE. SENATORS. Hannibal Hamlin, Hampden. William Pitt Fessenden, 1 Portland. REPRESENTATIVES. Moses McDonald, Portland. Samuel Mahall, Gray. E. Wilder Farley, Newcastle. James A. Pearce, Chestertown. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John R. Franklin, Snow Hill. Jacob Shower, Manchester. Joshua Vansant, Baltimore. Henry May, Baltimore. Samuel P. Benson, Winthrop. Israel Waehburn, jr., Orono. Thomas J. D. Fuller, Calais. Thomas G. Pratt, Annapolis. William T. Hamilton, Hagerstown. Augustus R. Sellers, Prince Frederick- town. MA SSACHTJSETTS. Edward Everett, 2 Boston. Julius Rockwell, 3 Pittsfield. Henry Wilson, 4 Natick. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Zeno Scudder, 5 Barnstable. Thomas D. Eliot, 6 New Bedford. Samuel L. Crocker, Taunton. J. Wiley Edmands, Lawrence. Samuel H. Walley, Roxbury. William Appleton, Boston. Lewis Cass, Detroit. David Stuart, Detroit. David A. Noble, Monroe. Stephen Adams, Aberdeen. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel B. Wright, Salem. William T. S. Barry, Greenwood. Otho R. Singleton, Canton. Charles Sumner, Boston. Charles W. Upham, Salem. Nathaniel P. Banks, jr., Waltham. Tappan Wentworth, Lowell. Alexander De Witt, Oxford. Edward Dickinson, Amherst. John Z. Goodrich, Glendale. Charles E. Stuart, Kalamazoo. Samuel Clark, Kalamazoo. Hestor L. Stevens, Pontiac. Albert G. Brown, 7 Newton. Wiley P. Harris, Monticello. William Barksdale, Columbus. MISSOURI. SENATORS. David R. Atchison, Platte City. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. Alfred W. Lamb, Hannibal. James J. Lindley, Monticello. Mordecai Oliver, Richmond. Henry S. Geyer, St. Louis. John G. Miller, Boonville. John S. Phelps, Springfield. Samuel Caruthers, Fredericktown . i Elected for the term commencing March 4, 1853, and took his seat February 23, 1854; vacancy in the, meantime. Resigned May 17, 1854. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward Everett, and took his seat June 15, 1854. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward Everett, and took his seat February 10, 1855. & Resigned March 4, 1854. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of , Zeno Scudder, and took his seat April 1 7, 1854. 7 Elected for the term beginning March 4, 1853; took his seat January 2ti, 1854. THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 195 NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Moses Norris, jr., 1 Manchester. John S. Wells, 2 Exeter. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Kittredge, Newmarket. George W. Morrison, Manchester. Charles G. Atherton, 3 Nashua. Jared W. Williams, 4 Lancaster. Harry Hibbard, Bath. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. Thomson, 5 Princeton. William Wright, Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathan T. Stratton, Mullica Hill. Charles Skelton, Trenton. Samuel Lilly, Lambertville. NEW YORK. George Vail, Morristown. Alexander C. M. Pennington, Newark. SENATORS. William H. Seward, Auburn. REPRESENTATIVES . James Maurice, Maspeth. Thomas W. Gumming, Brooklyn. Hiram Walbridge, New York. Mike Walsh, New York. William M. Tweed, New York. John Wheeler, New York. William A. Walker, New York. Francis B. Cutting, New York. Jared V. Peck, Port Chester. William Murray, Goshen. Theodore R. Westbrook, Kingston. Gilbert Dean, 6 Poughkeepsie. Isaac Teller, 7 Mattawan. Russell Sage, Troy. Rufus W. Peckham, Albany. Charles Hughes, Sandy Hill. George A. Simmons, Keeseville. Bishop Perkins, Ogdensburg. Hamilton Fish, New York. Peter Rowe, Schenectady. George W. Chase, Schenevus 1 Orsamus B. Matteson, Utica. Henry Bennett, New Berlin. Gerrit Smith, 8 Petersboro. Henry C. Goodwin, 9 Hamilton. Caleb Lyon, Lyonsdale. Daniel T. Jones, Baldwinsville. Edwin B. Morgan, Aurora. Andrew Oliver, Penn Yan. John J. Taylor, Owego. George Hastings, Mount Morris. Davis Carpenter, 10 Brockport. Benjamin Pringle, Batavia. Thomas T. Flagler, Lockport. Solomon G. Haven, Buffalo. Reuben E. Fenton, Frewsburg. NORTH CAROLINA. George E. Badger, Raleigh. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry M. Shaw, Indian Town. Thomas Ruffin, Goldsboro. William S. Ashe, Wilmington. Sion H. Rogers, Raleigh. OHIO. David S. Reid, 11 Wentworth. John Kerr, Yanceyville. Richard C. Puryear, Huntsville. Burton Craige, Salisbury. Thomas L. Clingman, Asheville. Salmon P. Chase, Cincinnati. David T. Disney, Cincinnati. John Scott Harrison, Cleves. Lewis D. Campbell, Hamilton. Matthias H. Nichols, Lima. Alfred P. Edgerton, Hicksville. Andrew Ellison, Georgetown. Aaron Harlan, Yellow Springs. Moses B. Corwin, Urbana. Frederic W. Green, Tiffin. John L. Taylor, Chillicothe. Thomas Richey, Somerset. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. Edson B. Olds, Circle ville. William D. Lindsley, Sandusky. Harvey H. Johnson, Ashland. William R. Sapp, Mount Vernon. Edward Ball, Zanesville. Wilson Shannon, St. Clairsville. George Bliss, Akron. Edward Wade, Cleveland. Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. Andrew Stuart, Steubenville. 1 Died January 11, 1855. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Moses Norris and took his seat January 22, 1855. 3 Died November 15, 1853. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles G . Atherton, and took his seat December 12, 18f>3; by resolution, August 3, 1854, Senate declared representation under the ap- pointment had expired. '- Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert F. Stockton in preceding Congress, arid took his seat March 4 1853 (special session of the Senate). Resigned July 3, 1854. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Gilbert Dean, and took his seat December 4, 1854. Resigned in 1854. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Gerrit Smith, and took his seat December 4, 1854. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Azariah Boody in October, 1853, who did not qualify, and took his seat Decembers, 1853. " Elected for the term commencing March 4, 1&53, and took his seat December 11, 1854. 196 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. PENNSYLVANIA. James Cooper, Potts ville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Florence, Philadelphia. Joseph R. Chandler, Philadelphia. John Bobbins, jr., Kensington. William H. Witte, Richmond. John McNair, Norristown. William Everhart, West Chester. Samuel A. Bridges, Allentown. Henry A. Muhlenberg, 1 Berks. J. Glancy Jones, 2 Reading. Isaac E. Hi ester, Lancaster. Ner Middleswarth, Beavertown. Christian M. Straub, Potts ville. HendrickB. Wright, Wilkes-Barre. Richard Brodhead, Easton. A.sa Packer, Mauch Chunk. Galusha A. Grow, Glen wood. James Gamble, Jersey Shore. Carl ton B. Curtis, Warren. Samuel L. Russell, Bedford. John McCulloch, Shavers Creek. Augustus Drum, Indiana. John L. Dawson, Brownsville. David Ritchie, Pittsburgh. Thomas M. Howe, Allegheny City. Michael C. Trout, Sharon. John Dick, Meadville. William H. Kurtz, York. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Charles T. James, Providence. Philip Allen, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Davis, Providence. Benjamin B. Thurston, Hopkinton. SOUTH CAROLINA. Andrew P. Butler, Edgefield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John McQueen, Marlboro. William Aiken, Charleston. Lawrence M. Keitt, Orangeburg. John Bell, Nashville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel G. Taylor, 3 Happy Valley. William M. Churchwell, Knoxville. Samuel A. Smith, Charleston. William Cullom, Carthage. Charles Ready, Murfreesboro. Sam Houston, Huntsville. George W. Smyth, Jasper. Solomon Foot, Rutland. James Meacham, Middlebury. Andrew Tracy, Woodstock. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Josiah J. Evans, Society Hill. Preston S. Biooks, Ninety Six. James L. Orr, Anderson. William W. Boyce, Winnsboro. James C. Jones, Memphis. George W. Jones, Fayetteville. Robert M. Bugg, Lynnfield. Felix K. Zollicoffer, Nashville. Emerson Etheridge, Dresden. Frederick P. Stanton, Memphis. Thomas J. Rusk, Nacogdoches. Peter H. Bell, Austin. Samuel S. Phelps, 4 Middlebury. Lawrence Brainerd, 5 St. Albans. Alvah Sabin, Georgia. 1 Died January 9, 1854. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry A. Muhlen- berg, and took his seat February 13, 1854. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Brookins Camp- bell, December 25, 1853, who did not qualify, and took his seat March 30, 1854. < Appointed in preceding Congress to fill vacancy caused by death of William Upham; by resolution of Senate of March 16, 1854, declared not entitled to retain his seat. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Upham in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 4, 1854. THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 197 VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. James M. Mason, Winchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Bayly, Accomac. Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. John S. Millson, Norfolk. John Letcher, Lexington. John S. Caskie, Richmond. Zedekiah Kidwell, Fairmont. William O. Goode, Boydton. John F. Snodgrass, 1 Parkersburg. Thomas S. Bocock, Appomattox. Charles S. Lewis, 2 Clarksburg. Paulus Powell, Amherst. Henry A. Edmundson, Salem. William Smith, Warrenton. Fayette McMullen, Rye Cove. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Henry Dodge, Dodgeville. Isaac P. Walker, Milwaukee. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Wells, jr., Milwaukee. John B. Macy, Fond du Lac. Benjamin C. Eastman, Platteville. TERRITORY OF KANSAS. 3 DELEGATE. John W. Whitfield, 4 Tecumseh. TERRITORY OF MINNESOTA. DELEGATE. Henry M. Rice, St. Paul. TERRITORY OF NEBRASKA. 6 DELEGATE. Napoleon B. Giddings. 6 TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Jose Manuel Gallegos, 7 Albuquerque. TERRITORY OF OREGON. DELEGATE. Joseph Lane, Winchester. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. John M. Bernhisel, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. 8 DELEGATE. Columbia Lancaster, 9 St. Helena. 1 Died June 5, 1854. a territorial government, and granted a Delegate in Congress, 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John F. Snod- by Act of May 30, 1854. grass, and took his seat December 4, 1854. 6 Took his seat January 5, 1855. 3 Formed from territory ceded to the United States by ' Took his seat December 5, 1853; election unsuccessfully France by the treaty of Paris of April 30, 1803, and by the contested by William Carr Lane. State of Texas, in the settlement of her boundaries in 1850; 8 Formed from territory ceded to the United States by erected into a territorial government, and granted a Delegate France by treaty of April 30, 1803, the northern boundary in Congress, by Act of May 30, 1854. determined by treaty with Great Britain of June 15, 1846; * Took his seat December 20, 1854. territorial government established, and a Delegate in Congress <* Formed from a portion of theterritory ceded to the United provided, by Act of August 14, 1848. States by France by the treaty of April 30, 1803; erected into 9 Took his seat April 12, 1854. THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1855, TO MARCH 3, 1857. FIRST SESSION December 3, 1855, to August 18, 1856. SECOND SESSION August 21, 1856, to August 30, 1856. THIRD SESSION December 1, 1856, to March 3, 1857. VICE PRESIDENT, 1 . PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Charles E. Stuart, 2 of Michigan; Jesse D. Bright, 3 of Indiana; James M. Mason, 4 of Virginia. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickens, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Nathaniel P. Banks, 5 of Massachusetts. CLERKS OF THE HOUSE John W. Forney, of Pennsylvania; William Cullom, 6 of Tennessee. ALABAMA. SENATOUS. Benjamin Fitzpatrick. Wetumpka. Clement C. Clay, jr., Huntsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Percy Walker, Mobile. George S. Houston, Athena Eli S. Shorter, Eufaula. Williamson R. W. Cobb, Bellefont. James F. Dowdell, Chambers. Sampson W. Harris, Wetumpka. William R. Smith, Fayette. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William K. Sebastian, Helena. Robert W T . Johnson, Pine Bluff. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred B. Greenwood, Bentonville. Albert Rust, El Dorado. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. John B. Weller, San Francisco. William M. Gwin, 7 San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. James W. Denver, Weaverville. Philemon T. Herbert, Mariposa City. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Isaac Toucey, Hartford. Lafayette S. Foster, Norwich. REPRESENTATIVES. Ezra Clark, jr., Hartford. Sidney Dean, Putnam. John W T oodruff. New Haven. William W. Welch, Norfolk. 1 Vice President William R. King died in preceding Con- third viva voce vote and the fourth vote under a plurality gress. resolution adopted that day. 2 Elected June 9, 1856. o Elected February 4, 1856. s Elected June 11, 1856. ' Elected for the term commencing March 4, 1855, and took Elected January 6, 1857. his seat February 16, 1857; vacancy from March 4, 1855, to * Elected February 2, 1856, upon the one hundred and thirty- February 16, 1857. 198 THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 199 John M. Clayton, 1 Chippewa. Joseph P. Comegys, 2 Dover. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A. Bayard, Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. Elisha D. Cullen, Georgetown. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Stephen R. Mallory, Key West. David L. Yulee, Homasassa. REPRESENTATIVE. Augustus E. Maxwell, Tallahassee. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Robert Toombs, Washington. Alfred Iverson, Columbus. REPRESENTATIVES. James L. Seward, Thomasville. Martin J. Crawford, Columbus. Robert P. Trippe, Forsyth. Hiram Warner, Greenville. Stephen A. Douglas, Chicago. ILLINOIS. 3 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Elihu B. Washburne, Galena. James H. Wood worth, Chicago. Jesse O. Norton, Joliet. James Knox, Knoxville. William A. Richardson, 4 Quincy. Jesse D. Bright, Madison. INDIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Smith Miller, Patoka. William H. English, Lexington. George G. Dunn, Bedford. William Cumback, Greensburg. David P. Holloway, Richmond. Lucien Barbour, Indianapolis. George W. Jones, Dubuque. IOWA. SENATORS. John H. Lumpkin, Rome. Howell Cobb, Athens. Nathaniel G. Foster, Madison. Alexander H. Stephens, Crawford ville. Lyman Trumbull, Alton. Jacob C. Davis, 5 Warsaw. Thomas L. Harris, Petersburg. James C. Allen, 6 Palestine. James L. D. Morrison, 7 Belleville. Samuel S. Marshall, 8 McLeansboro. Graham N. Fitch, 9 Logansport. Harvey D. Scott, Terre Haute. Daniel Mace, Lafayette. Schuyler Colfax, South Bend. Samuel Brenton, Fort Wayne. John U. Pettit, Wabash. James Harlan, 10 Mount Pleasant. REPRESENTATIVES. Augustus Hall, 11 Keosauqua. James Thorington, Davenport. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. John B. Thompson, Harrodsburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Burnett, Cadiz. John P. Campbell, Belleview. Warner L. Underwood, Bowling Green. Albert G. Talbott, Danville. Joshua H. Jewett, Elizabethtown. John J. Crittenden, Frankfort. John M. Elliott, Prestonburg. Humphrey Marshall, Springport. Alexander K. Marshall, Nicholasville. Leander M. Cox, Flemingsburg. Samuel F. Swope, Falmouth. i Died November 9. 1856. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of John M. Clayton, and took his seat December 4, 1856. House decided, April 10, 1856, that Philip B. Fouke, claiming a seat as a member from the Eighth District, was not entitled to it, and that the seat was vacant. < Resigned August 25, 1856. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William A. Richardson, and took his seat December 4, 1856. 6 Election contested by William B. Archer, and seat de- clared vacant July 18, 1856; subsequently elected, and took his seat December 1, 1856. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Lyman Trumbull, who was elected Senator before the beginning of the Congress, and took his seat December 1, 1856. s Election unsuccessfully contested by L. Jay 8. Turney. 9 Elected for the term commencing March 4, 1855, and took his seat February 9, 1857; vacancy in this class from March 4, 1855, to February 4, 1857. 10 Seat declared vacant by resolution, January 12, 1867; sub- sequently elected, and took his seat January 29, 1857. Election unsuccessfully contested by R. L. B. Clarke. 200 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Judah P. Benjamin, New Orleans. John Slidell, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. George Eustis, jr., x New Orleans. Miles Taylor, Donaldson ville. Thomas G. Davidson, East Feliciana. John M. Sandidge, Pineville. MAINE. SENATORS. Hannibal Hamlin, 2 Hampden. Amos Nourse, 3 BatL. REPRESENTATIVES . John M. Wood, Portland. John J. Perry, Oxford. Ebenezer Knowlton, South Montville. MARYLAND. SENATORS. James A. Pearce, Chestertown. Thomas G. Pratt, Annapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. William Pitt Fessenden, Portland. Samuel P. Benson, Winthrop. Israel Washburn, jr., Orono. Thomas J. D. Fuller, 4 Calais. James A. Stewart, Cambridge. James B. Ricaud, Chestertown. J. Morrison Harris, Baltimore. H. Winter Davis, Baltimore. Henry W. Hoffman, Cumberland. Thomas F. Bowie, Upper Marlboro. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Sumner, Boston. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Hall, Plymouth. James Buffinton, Fall River. William S. Damrell, Dedham. Linus B. Comins, Roxbury. Anson Burlingame, Cambridge. Timothy Davis, Gloucester. Lewis Cass, Detroit. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Henry Wilson, Natick. Nathaniel P. Banks, Waltham Chauncey L. Knapp, Lowell. Alexander De Witt, Oxford. Calvin C. Chaff ee, Springfield. Mark Trafton, Westfield. Charles E. Stuart, Kalamazoo. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Howard, Detroit. David S. Walbridge, Kalamazoo. Henry Waldron, Hillsdale. George W. Peck, Lansing. Stephen Adams, Aberdeen. Daniel B. Wright, Salem. Hendley S. Bennett, Grenada. William Barksdale, Columbus. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry S. Geyer, St. Louis. Luther M. Kennett, St. Louis. Gilchrist Porter, Hannibal. James J. Lindley, Monticello. Mordecai Oliver, Richmond. MISSOURI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert G. Brown, Newton. William A. Lake, Vicksburg. John A. Quitman, Natchez. James S. Green, 5 Canton. John G. Miller, 6 Boonville. Thomas P. Akers, 7 Lexington. John S. Phelps, Springfield. Samuel Caru there, Cape Girardeau. i Election unsuccessfully contested by Albert Fabre. & Elected for the term commencing March 4, 1855 and took Resigned January 7, 1857, having been elected governor. his seat January 21, 1857; vacancy in this class from March s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Hannibal 4, 1855, to January 12, 1857. Hamlin, and took his seat January 24. 1857. Died May 11, 1856. Election unsuccessfully contested by James A. Milliken. t Elected to fiU vacancy caused by death of John G. Miller, and took his seat August 18, 1856. THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 201 NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. James Bell, 1 Laconia* REPRESENTATIVES. James Pike, South Newmarket. Mason W. Tappan, Bradford. John P. Hale, Dover. Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. Thomson, Trenton. William Wright, Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaiah D. Clawson, Woodstown. George R. Robbins, Hamilton Square James Bishop, New Brunswick. NEW YORK. SENATORS. William H. Seward, Auburn. REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Valk, Flushing. James S. T. Stranahan, Brooklyn. Guy R. Pelton, New York. John Kelly, New York. Thomas R. Whitney, New York. John Wheeler, New York. Thomas Childs, jr., 2 New York. Abram Wakeman, New York. Bayard Clarke, New York. Ambrose S. Murray, Goshen. Rufus H. King, Catskill. Killian Miller, Hudson. Russell Sage, Troy. Samuel Dickson, New Scotland. Edward Dodd, Argyle. George A. Simmons, Keeseville. Francis E. Spinner, Mohawk. George Vail, Monistown. Alexander C. M. Pennington, Newark. Hamilton Fish, New York. Thomas R. Horton, Fultonville. Jonas A. Hughston, Delhi. Orsamus B. Matteson, 3 Utica. Henry Bennett, New Berlin. Andrew Z. McCarty, Pulaski. William A. Gilbert, 3 Adams. Amos P. Granger, Syracuse. Edwin B. Morgan, Aurora. Andrew Oliver, Penn Yan. John M. Parker, Owego. William H. Kelsey, Geneseo. John Williams, Rochester. Benjamin Pringle, Batavia. Thomas T. Flagler, Lockport. Solomon G. Haven, Buffalo. Francis S. Edwards, 4 Fredonia. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. David S. Reid, Pleasantville. Asa Biggs, Williamston. REPRESENTATIVES . Robert T. Paine, Edenton. Thamas Ruffin, Goldsboro. Warren Winslow, Fayetteville. Lawrence O'B. Branch, Raleigh. OHIO. Edwin G. Reade, Roxboro. Richard C. Puryear, Huntsville. Burton Craige, Salisbury. Thomas L. Clingman, Asheville. SENATORS. Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. REPRESENTATIVES. Timothy C. Day, Cincinnati. John Scott Harrison, Cleves. Lewis D. Campbell, Hamilton. Matthias H. Nichols, Lima. Richard T. Mott, Toledo. Joseph R. Emrie, Hillsborp. Aaron Harlan, Yellow Springs. Benjamin Stan ton, Belief on taine. Cooper, K. Watson, Tiffin. Oscar F. Moore, Portsmouth. Valentine B. Horton, Pomeroy. George E. Pugh, Cincinnati. Samuel Galloway, Columbus, John Sherman, Mansfield. Philemon Bliss, Elyria. William R. Sapp, Mount Vernon. Edward Ball, Zanesville. Charles J. Albright, Cambridge. Benjamin F. Leiter, Canton. Edward Wade, Cleveland. Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. John A. Bingham, Cadiz. i Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles G. Ather- ton, in preceding Congress, .and took his seat December 4, 1855. * Never took his seat owing to prolonged illness. Resigned February 27, 1857. 1 Resigned February 28, 1857. 202 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. PENNSYLVANIA. Richard Brodhead, Eastern. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Florence, Philadelphia. Job R. Tyson, Philadelphia. William Mill ward, Philadelphia. Jacob Broom, Philadelphia. John Cadwalader, Philadelphia. John Hickman, West Chester. Samuel C. Bradshaw, Quakertown. J. Glancy Jones, Reading. Anthony E. Roberts, Lancaster. John C. Kunkel, Harrisburg. James H. Campbell, Pottsville. Henry M. Fuller, Wilkes-Barre. Asa Packer, Mauch Chunk. William Bigler, Philadelphia. Galusha A. Grow, Glen wood. John J. Pearce, Williamsport. Lemuel Todd, Carlisle. David F. Rpbison, Chambersburg. John R. Edie, Somerset. John Covode, Lockport. Jonathan Knight, East Bethlehem. David Ritchie, Pittsburgh. Samuel A. Purviance, Butler. John Allison, New Brighton. David Barclay, Punxsutawney. John Dick, Meadville. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Charles T. James, Providence. Philip Allen, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel B. Durfee, Tiverton. Benjamin B. Thurston, Hopkinton. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Andrew P. Butler, Edgefield. REPRESENTATIVES. John McQueen, Marlboro. William Aiken, Charleston. Lawrence M. Keitt, 1 Orangeburg. Josiah J. Evans, Society Hill. Preston S. Brooks, 2 Ninety-Six. James L. Orr, Anderson. William W. Boyce, Winnsboro. John Bell, Nashville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert G. Watkins, Panther Springs. William H. Sneed, Knoxville. Samuel A. Smith, Charleston. John H. Savage, Smith ville. Charles Ready, Murfreesboro. TEXAS. SENATORS. James C. Jones, Memphis. George W. Jones, Fayetteville. John V. Wright, Purdy. Felix K. Zollicpffer, Nashville. Emerson Etheridge, Dresden. Thomas Rivers, Somerville. Sam Houston, Huntsville. Thomas J. Rusk, Nacogdoches. REPRESENTATIVES. Lemuel D. Evans, Marshall. Peter H. Bell, Austin. VERMONT. Solomon Foot, Rutland. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Meacham, 3 Middlebury. George T. Hodges, 4 Rutland. Jacob Collamer, Woodstock Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. Alvah Sabin, Georgia. J Resigned July 10, 1856; subsequently elected, and took his 3 Died August 23, 1856. seat August 6, 1856. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Meacham, * Resigned July 14, 1856; subsequently elected, and took his and took his seat December 1, 1856. seat August 1, 1856; died January 27, 1857. THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 203 VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. James M. Mason, Winchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Bayly, 1 Accomac. William Smith, Warren ton. Muscoe R. H. Garnett, 2 Lloyds. Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. John S. Millson, Norfolk. John Letcher, Lexington. John S. Caskie, Richmond. Zedekiah Kidwell, Fairmount. William O. Goode, Boydton. John S. Carlile, Clarksburg. Thomas S. Bocock, Appomattox. Henry A. Edmundson, Salem. Paulus Powell, Amherst. Fayette McMullen, Rye Cove. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Henry Dodge, Dodgeville. Charles Durkee, Kenosha. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Wells, jr., Milwaukee. Charles Billingshurst, Juneau. Cadwallader C. Washburn, Mineral Point. TERRITORY OF KANSAS. DELEGATE. John W. Whitfield, 3 Tecumseh. TERRITORY OF MINNESOTA. DELEGATE. Henry M. Rice, St. Paul. TERRITORY OF NEBRASKA. DELEGATE. Bird B. Chapman, 4 Omaha City. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATES. Jose Manuel Gallegos, 5 Albuquerque. Miguel A. Otero, 6 Albuquerque. TERRITORY OF OREGON. DELEGATE. Joseph Lane, Winchester. TERRITORY OF UTAH. -/ DELEGATE. John M. Bernhisel, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. J. Patton Anderson, Olympia. 1 Died June 23, 1856. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Hiram P. Bennett. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas H. Bayly, 5 Served until July 23, 1856; succeeded by Miguel A. Otero, and took his seat December 1, 1856. who contested his election. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Andrew H. Reeder, Successfully contested the election of Jose Manuel Gallegos but seat was declared vacant August 1, 1856. and took his seat July 23, 1856. THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1857, TO MARCH 3, 1859. FIRST SESSION December 7, 1857, to June 14, 1858. SECOND SESSION December 6, 1858, to March 3, 1859. SPECIAL SESSION OP THE SENATE March 4, 1857, to March 14, 1857; June 15, 1858 to June 16, 1858. VICE PRESIDENT John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE James M. Mason, 1 of Virginia; 1 Thomas J. Rusk, 2 of Texas; Benjamin Fitzpatrick, 3 of Alabama. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickens, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE James L. Orr, of South Carolina. CLERK OF THE HOUSE James C. Allen, of Illinois. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Benjamin Fitzpatrick, Wetumpka. Clement C. Clay, jr., Huntaville. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Stallworth, Evergreen. George S. Houston, Athens. Eli S. Shorter, Eufaula. Williamson R. W. Cobb, Bellefont. James F. Dowdell, Chambers. Jabez L. M. Curry, Talladega. Sydenham Moore, Greensboro. ARKANSAS. \ SENATOUS. William K. Sebastian, Helena. Robert W. Johnson, Pine Bluff. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred B. Greenwood, Bentonville. Edward A. Warren, Camden. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. William M. Gwin, San Francisco. David C. Broderick, San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph C. McKibbin, Downieville. Charles L. Scott, Sonora. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Lafayette S. Foster, Norwich. James Dixon, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Ezra Clark, jr., Hartford. Sidney Dean, Putnam. Samuel Arnold, Haddam. William D. Bishop, Bridgeport. > Elected March 4, 1857 (special session of the Senate). ' Elected December 7, 1857; March 29. 1858; June 14, 1868; 2 Elected March 14, 1857 (special session of the Senate). January 25, 1859. 204 THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A. Bayard, Wilmington. Martin W. Bates, 1 Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. William G. Whiteley, New Castle. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Stephen R. Mallory, Key West. David L. Yulee, Homasassa. REPRESENTATIVE. George S. Hawkins, Pensacola. GEORGIA. 205 Robert Toombs, Washington. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James L. Seward, Thomas ville. Martin J. Crawford, Columbus. Robert P. Trippe, Forsyth. Lucius J. Gartrell, Atlanta. Stephen A. Douglas, Chicago. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Elihu B. Washburne, Galena. John F. Farnsworth, Chicago. Owen Lovejoy, Princeton. William Kellogg, Canton. Isaac N. Morris, Quincy. Jesse D. Bright, Jefferson ville. INDIANA. SENATORS. 4 REPRESENTATIVES. James Lockhart, 5 Evansville. William E. Niblack, 8 Vincennes. William H. English, Lexington. James Hughes, Bloomington. James B. Foley. Greensburg. David Kilgore, Yorktown. James M. Gregg, Danville. Alfred Iverson, Columbus. Augustus R. Wright, Rome. James Jackson, Athens. Joshua Hill, Madison. Alexander H. Stephens, Crawford ville. Lyman Trumbull, Alton. Thomas L. Harris, 2 Petersburg. Charles D. Hodges, 3 Carrollton. Aaron Shaw, Lawrence ville. Robert Smith, Alton. Samuel S. Marshall, McLeansboro. Graham N. Fitch, Logansport. John G. Davis, Rockville. James Wilson, Crawfordsville. Schuyler Colfax, South Bend. Samuel Brenton, 7 Fort Wayne. Charles Case, 8 Fort Wayne. John U. Pettit, Wabash. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John M. Clayton, In preceding Congress, and took his seat March 4, 1857 (special session of the Senate). 2 Died November 24, 1858. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas L. Harris, and took his seat January 20, 1859. 4 A protest ol certain members of the legislature was pre- sented in the preceding Congress against the legality of the election of both Mr. Fitch and Mr. Bright, setting out " they were not elected by the legislature, but by a convocation of a portion of the members thereof, not authorized by state law, legislative resolution, or Constitutiona provision'"; both the Senators were seated upon their credentials, and the creden- tials and protest were referred to the committee on the Judi- ciary; the committee reported, May 24, 1858, that the sitting Senators were entitled to their seats, and this report was agreed to June 12, 1858. On January 24, 1859, a memorial of the State of Indiana was presented representing that it was the wish of the state that Henry S. Lane and William M. McCarty be admitted to seats as the only legally-chosen Senators; February 3, 1859, the Senate committee on the Judiciary, to whom were referred the memorial, reported there was no vacancy in the Setate from the State of Indiana, and that the election of Messrs. Lane and McCarthy was void; the Senate agreed to this report, February 14, 1859. 5 Died September 7, 1857 before the convening of the Congress. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Lockhart, and took his seat December 7, 1857. ^ Died March 29, 1857. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Samuel Brenton, and took his seat December 7, 1857. 206 CONGRESSIONAL. DIRECTORY. IOWA. SENATORS. George W. Jones, Dubuque. James Harlan, Mount Pleasant. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel R. Curtis, Keokuk. Timothy Davis, Dubuque. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. John B. Thompson, Harrodsburg. John J. Crittenden, Frankfort. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Burnett, Cadiz. John M. Elliott, Prestonburg, Samuel O. Peyton, Hartford. Humphrey Marshall, Springport. Warner L. Underwood, Bowling Green. James B. Clay, Lexington. Albert G. Talbott, Danville. John C. Mason, Owingsville. Joshua H. Jewett, Elizabeth town. John W. Stevenson, Covington. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Judah P. Benjamin, New Orleans. John Slidell, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. George Eustis, jr., New Orleans. Thomas G. Davidson, East Feliciana. Miles Taylor, Donaldson ville. John M. Sandidge, Pineville. MAINE. SENATORS. William Pitt Fessenden, Portland. Hannibal Hamlin, Hampden. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Wood, Portland. Freeman H. Morse, Bath. Charles J. Gilman, Brunswick. Israel Washburn, jr., Orono. Nehemiah Abbott, Belfast. Stephen C. Foster, Pembroke. MARYLAND. SENATORS. James A. Pearce, Chestertown. Anthony Kennedy, Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Stewart, Cambridge. H. Winter Davis, 2 Baltimore. James B. Ricaud, Chestertown. Jacob M. Kunkel, Frederick. J. Morrison Harris, 1 Baltimore. Thomas F. Bowie, Upper Marlboro. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Sumner, 3 Boston. Henry Wilson, Natick. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Hall, Plymouth. Nathaniel P. Banks. 4 Waltham. James Buffinton, Fall River. . Daniel W. Gooch, 5 Melrose. William S. Damrell, Dedham. Chauncey L. Knapp, Lowell. Linus B. Comins, Boston. Eli Thayer, Worcester. An.son Burlingame, Cambridge. Calvin C. Chaffee, Springfield. Timothy Davis, Gloucester. Henry L. Dawes, North Adams. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Charles E. Stuart, Kalamazoo. Zachariah Chandler, Detroit. REPRE SE NT ATI VES. William A. Howard, Detroit. David S. Walbridge, Kalamazoo. Henry Waldron, Hillsdale. DeWitt C. Leach, Lansing. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by William Pinkney * Resigned December 24, 1857. Whyte. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Nathaniel 2 Election unsuccessfully contested by Henry P. Brooks. P. Banks, and took his seat January 21, 1858. 3 Owing to ill health was present in this Congress but one day (December?, 1857). THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 207 MINNESOTA. 1 SENATORS. Henry M. Rice, 2 St. Paul. James Shields, 3 St. Paul. % REPRESENTATIVES. James M. Cavanaugh,* Chatfield. William W. Phelps, 4 Red Wing. MISSISSIPPI. Albert G. Brown, Newton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Abbeville. Reuben Davis, Aberdeen. William Barksdale, Columbus. Jefferson Davis, Hurricane. Otho R. Singleton, Canton. John A. Quitman, 5 Natchez. John J. McRae, 6 State Line. James S. Green, Canton. MISSOURI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Trusten Polk, St. Louis. Francis P. Blair, jr., St. Louis. Thomas L. Anderson, Palmyra. John B. Clark, Fayette. James Craig, St. Joseph. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Samuel H. Woodson, Independence. John S. Phelps, Springfield. Samuel Caru there, Cape Girardeau. James Bell, 7 Laconia. Daniel Clark, 8 Manchester. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Pike, Sanbornton Bridge. Mason W. Tappan, Bradford. John P. Hale, Dover. Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. Thomson, Princeton. William Wright, Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaiah D. Clawson, Woodstown. George R. Robbins, Hamilton Square. Garnett B. Adrian, New Brunswick. William H. Seward, Auburn. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. Searing, Hempstead Branch. George Taylor, Brooklyn. Daniel E. Sickles, New York. John Kelly, 9 New York. Thomas J. Barr, 10 New York. William B. Maclay, New York. John Cochrane, New York. Elijah Ward, New York. Horace F. Clark, New York. John B. Haskin, Fordham. Ambrose S. Murray, Goshen. William F. Russell, Saugerties. John Thompson, Poughkeepsie. Abram B. Olin, Troy. Erastus Corning, Albany. Edward Dodd, Argyle. George W. Palmer, Plattsburg. John Huyler, Hackensack. Jacob R. Wortendyke, Jersey City. Preston King, Ogdensburg. Francis E. Spinner, Mohawk. Clark B. Cochrane, Schenectady. Oliver A . Morse, Cherry yalley. Orsamus B. Matteson, Utica. Henry Bennett, New Berlin. Henry C. Goodwin, Hamilton. Charles B. Hoard, Watertown. Amos P. Granger, Syracuse. Edwin B. Morgan, Aurora. Emory B. Pottle, Naples. John M. Parker, Owego. William H. Kelsey, Geneseo. Samuel G. Andrews, Rochester. Judson W. Sherman, Angelica. Silas M. Burroughs, Medina. Israel T. Hatch, Buffalo. Reuben E. Fen ton, Frewsburg. 1 Admitted as a State into the Union May 11, 1858. 2 Took his seat May 12, 1858; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1863. 3 Took his seat May 12, 1858; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1859. < Took his seat May 22, 1858. & Died July 17, 1858. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John A. Quitman, and took his seat December 7, 1858. 7 Died May 26, 1857. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Bell, and took hisseat December?, 1857. s Resigned December 25, 1858. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Kelly, took his seat January 17, 1859. 208 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NOBTH CAROLINA. David S. Reid, Pleasant ville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry M. Shaw, Indian Town. Thomas Ruffin, Goldsboro. Warren Winslow, Fayette ville. Lawrence O'B. Branch, Raleigh. John A. Gilmer, Greensboro. Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. OHIO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George H. Pendleton, Cincinnati. William S. Groesbeck, Cincinnati. Lewis D. Campbell, 5 Hamilton. Clement L. Vallandigham, 6 Dayton. Matthias H. Nichols, Lima. Richard T. Mott, Toledo. Joseph R. Cockerill, West Union. Aaron Harlan, Yellow Springs. Benjamin Stanton, Belief on taine. Lawrence W. Hall, Bucyrus. Joseph Miller, Chillicothe. OREGON. 7 SENATORS. Joseph Lane, 8 Winchester. Asa Biggs, 1 Williamston. Thomas L. Clingman, 2 Asheville. Alfred M. Scales, Madison. Burton Craige, Salisbury. Thomas L. Clingman, 3 Asheville. Zebulon B. Vance, 4 Asheville. George E. Pugh, Cincinnati. Valentine B. Horton, Pomeroy. Samuel S. Cox, Columbus. John Sherman, Mansfield. Philemon Bliss, Elyria. Joseph Burns, Coshocton, Cydnor B. Tompkins, McConnellsville. William Lawrence, Washington. Benjamin F. Leiter, Canton. Edward Wade, Cleveland. Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson John A. Bingham, Cadiz. Delazon Smith, 9 Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. La Fayette Grover, 10 Salem. PENNSYLVANIA. William Bigler, Clearfield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Florence, Philadelphia. Edward Joy Morris, Philadelphia. James Landy, Philadelphia. Henry M. Phillips, Philadelphia. Owen Jones, Cabinet. John Hickman, West Chester. Henry Chapman, Doylestown. J. Glancy Jones, 11 Reading. William H. Keim, 12 Reading. Anthony E. Roberts, Lancaster. John C. Kunkel, Harrisburg. William L. Dewart, Sunbury. John G. Montgomery, 13 Paul Leidy, 14 Danville. Simon Cameron, Harrisburg. William H. Dimmick, Honesdale. Galusha A. Grow, Glen wood. Allison White, Lock Haven. John A. Ahl, Newville. Wilson Reilly, Chambersburg. John R. Edie, Somerset. John Covode, Lockport. William Montgomery, Washington. David Ritchie, Pittsburgh. Samuel A. Purviance, Butler. William Stewart, Mercer. James L. Gillis, Ridgeway. John Dick, Meadville. 1 Resigned in May, 1858. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Asa Biggs, and took his seat December 6, 1858; subsequently elected. s Resigned in October, 1858, having been elected Senator. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas L. Clingman, and took his seat December 7, 1858. 5 Served until May 25,1858; succeeded by Clement L. Val- landingham, who contested his election. 6 Successfully contested the election of Lewis D. Campbell, and took his seat May 25, 1858. " Admitted as a State into the Union February 14, 1859. 8 Took his seat February 14, 1859; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1861. 9 Took his seat February 14, 1859; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1859. 10 Took his seat February 15, 1859. " Resigned October 30, 1858. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of J. Glancy Jones, and took his seat December 7, 1858. is Died April 24, 1857. 14 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John G. Mont- gomery, and took his seat December 7, 1857. THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 209 RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Philip Allen, Providence. James F. Simmons, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel B. Durfee, Tiverton. William D. Brayton, Warwick. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Andrew P. Butler, 1 Edgefield. James H. Hammond, 2 Beech Island. ge , 2 B REPRESENTATIVES. John McQueen, Marlboro. William P. Miles, Charleston. Lawrence M. Keitt, Orangeburg. John Bell, Nashville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS; REPRESENTATIVES. Albert G. Watkins, Panther Springs. Horace Maynard, Knox ville. Samuel A. Smith, Charleston. John H. Savage, Smithville. Charles Ready, Murfreesboro. Sam Houston, Huntsville. John H. Reagan, Palestine. Solomon Foot, Rutland. Ezekiel P. Walton, Montpelier. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Josiah J. Evans, 3 Society Hill. Arthur P. Hayne, 4 Charleston. James Chesnut, jr., 5 Kershaw. Milledge L. Bonham, Edgefield. James L. Orr, Anderson. William W. Boyce, Monticello. Andrew Johnson, Greene ville. George W. Jones, Fayette ville. John V. Wright, Purdy. Felix K. Zoliicoffer, Nashville. John D. C. Atkins, Paris. William T. Avery, Memphis. Thomas J. Rusk, 6 Nacogdoches. J. Pinckney Henderson, 7 Marshville. Matthias Ward, 8 Jefferson. Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. REPRESENTATIVES. Muscoe R. H. Garnett, Lovettsville. John S. Millson, Norfolk. John S. Caskie, Richmond. William O. Goode, Boydton. Thomas S. Bocock, Appomattox. Paulus Powell, Amherst. William Smith, Warrenton. Guy M. Bryan, Brazoria. Jacob Collamer, Woodstock. Homer E. Royce, Berkshire. James M. Mason, Winchester. Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. John Letcher, Lexington. Sherrard Clemens, Wheeling. Albert G. Jenkins, Green Bottom. Henry A. Edmundson, Salem. George W. Hopkins, Abington. 1 Died May 25, 1857. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Andrew P. Butler, and took his seat January 7, 1858. * Died May 6, 1858. 1 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Josiah J. Evans, and took his seat May 20, 1858. 50340 S. Doc. 654, Gl-2 14 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Josiah J. Evans, and took his seat January 5, 1859. "Died July 29, 1857. i Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas J. Rusk, and took his seat March 1, 1858; died June 4, 1858. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of J. Pinckney Henderson, and took his seat December 6, 1858. 210 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Charles Durkee, Kenosha. James R. Doolittle, Racine. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Potter, East Troy. Charles Billinghurst, Juneau. CadwalladerC. Washburn, MineralPoint. TERRITORY OF KANSAS. DELEGATE. Marcus J. Parrott, Leaven worth. TERRITORY OF MINNESOTA. 1 DELEGATE. William W. Kingsbury, 2 Endion. TERRITORY OF NEBRASKA. DELEGATE. Fenner Ferguson, 8 Belleview. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Miguel A. Otero, Albuquerque. TERRITORY OF OREGON. 4 DELEGATE. Joseph Lane, 5 Winchester. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. John M. Bernhisel, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Isaac I. Stevens, Olympia. 1 Erected Into a state May 11, 1858. 4 Erected into a state February 14, 1859. 2 Served until May 11, 1858, when the territory was elevated 6 Served until February 14, 1859, when the territory was to statehood. elevated to statehood; then became one of the Senators from 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Bird B. Chapman. the new state. THIRTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1859, TO MARCH 3, 1861. FIRST SESSION December 5, 1859, to June 25, 1860. SECOND SESSION December 3, 1860, to March 3, 1861. SPECIAL SESSIONS OF THE SENATE March 4, 1859, to March 10, 1859; June 26, 1860, to June 28, 1860. VICE PRESIDENT John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Benjamin Fitzpatrick, ' of Alabama. Jesse D. Bright, 2 of Indiana; Solomon Foot, 3 of Ver- mont. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickens, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE William Pennington, of New Jersey. CLERKS OF THE HOUSE James C. Allen, of Illinois; John W. Forney, 4 of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA.' SENATORS. Benjamin Fitzpatrick, 6 Wetumpka. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Stallwork, 7 Evergreen. James L. Pugh, 7 Eufaula. David Clop ton, 7 Tuskegee. Sydenham Moore, 7 Greensboro. Clement C. Clay, jr., 6 Huntsville. George S. Houston, 7 Athens. Williamson R. W. Cobb, 8 Bellefonte. Jabez L. M. Curry, 7 Talladega. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William K. Sebastian, Helena. Robert W. Johnson, Pine Bluff. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas C. Hindman, Helena. Albert Rust, Little Rock. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. William M. Gwin, San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles L. Scott, Sonora. David C. Broderick, 9 San Francisco. Henry P. Haun, 10 Marysville. Milton S. Latham," San Francisco. John C. Burch, Weaverville. 1 Elected March 9, 1859 (special session); December 19, 1859; February 20, 1860; June 20, I860, In special session. 2 Elected June 12, 1860. s Elected February 16, 1861. Elected February 3, 1860. 6 Seceded from the Union January 11, 1861. e On January 21, 1861. David L. Yulee, Stephen R. Mallory, Clement C. Clay, jr.. Benjamin Fitzpatrick, and Jefferson Davis announced In the Senate their intention to withdraw from the body, and they did withdraw. The Senate Journal of the date makes no record or notice of the action. On the day following the Vice President was directed to fill vacancies in the standing committees, and on January 24, 1861, the Vice President announced the appointment of members to fill places upon the standing committees, including assignments thereto- fore held by the Senators named. * Presented a signed communication declaring his intention and withdrew January 21, 1861. 8 Presented a signed communication declaring his intention and withdrew January 30, 1861. 8 Died September 16, 1859. 10 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of David C. Brodenck, and took his seat December 5, 1859. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of David C. Brod- erick, and took his seat March 5, 1860. 211 212 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Lafayette S. Foster, Norwich. James Dixon, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Dwight Loomis, Rockville. John Woodruff, New Haven. Alfred A. Burnham, Windham. Orris S. Ferry, Norwalk. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A. Bayard, Wilmington. Willard Saulsbury, Georgetown. REPRESENTATIVE. William G. Whiteley, New Castle. FLORIDA. 1 SENATORS. Stephen R. Mallory, 2 Pensacola. David L. Yulee, 2 Homasassa. REPRESENTATIVE . George S. Hawkins, Pensacola. Robert Toombs, 4 Washington. GEORGIA. 3 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Peter E. Love, 6 Thomas ville. Martin J. Crawford," Columbus. Thomas Hardeman, jr., 6 Macon. Lucius J. Gartrell, 6 Atlanta. Stephen A. Douglas, Chicago. Elihu B. Washburne, Galena. John F. Farnsworth, Chicago. Owen Lovejoy, Princeton. William Kellogg, Canton. Isaac N. Morris, Quincy. Jesse^D. Bright, Jefferson ville. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. INDIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William E. Niblack, Vincennes. William H. English, Lexington. William M. Dunn, Madison. William S. Holman, Lawrenceburg. David Kilgore, Muncietown. Albert G. Porter, Indianapolis. Alfred Iverson, 5 Columbus. John W. H. Underwood, 6 Rome. James Jackson, 6 Athens. Joshua Hill, 7 Madison. John J. Jones, 6 Waynesboro. Lyman Trumbull, Alton. John A. McClernand, Springfield. James C. Robinson, Marshall. Philip B. Fouke, Belleville. John A. Logan, Ben ton. Graham N. Fitch, Logansport. John G. Davis, Rockville. James Wilson, Crawfords ville. Schuyler Colfax, South Bend. Charles Case, Fort Wayne. John U. Pettit, Wabash. i Seceded from the Union January 11, 1861. Withdrew January 21, 1861. ' Seceded from the Union January 28, 1861. 4 Did not occupy his seat after February 4, 1861. 6 Presented a signed communication declaring his intention and withdrew January 28, 1861. Joined with his colleagues in presenting a signed com- munication declaring their intention, and withdrew January 23, 1861. 7 Resigned January 23, 1801, (in written communication addressed to the Speaker.) THIRTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. IOWA. SENATORS. James Harlan, Mount Pleasant. James W. Grimes, Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel R. Curtis, Keokuk. William Vandever Dubuque. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. John J. Crittenden, Frankfort. Lazarus W. Powell, Henderson. 213 REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Burnett, Cadiz. Samuel O. Peyton, Hartford. Francis M. Bnstow, Elkton. William C. Anderson, 1 Danville. John Young Brown, Elizabeth town. Green Adams, Barboursville. Robert Mallory, Lagrange. William E. Simms, Paris. Laban T. Moore, Louisa. John W. Stevenson, Covington. LOUISIANA. 2 SENATORS. Judah P. Benjamin, 3 New Orleans. John Slidell, 3 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. John E' Bouligny, New Orleans. Miles Taylor, 5 Donaldsonville. Thomas G. Davidson, 4 Baton Rouge. John M. Landrum, 4 Shreveport. MAINE. SENATORS. William Pitt Fessenden, Portland. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel E. Somes, Biddeford. John J. Perry, Oxford. Ezra B. French, Damariscotta. Freeman H. Morse, Bath. MARYLAND. Hannibal Hamlin, 6 Hampden. Lot M. Merrill, 7 Augusta. Israel Washburn, jr., 8 Orono. Stephen Coburn, 9 Skowhegan. Stephen C. Foster, Pembroke. SENATORS. James A. Pearce, Chestertown. Anthony Kennedy, Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Stewart, Cambridge. Edwin H. Webster, Belair. J. Morrison Harris, Baltimore. H. Winter Davis, Baltimore. Jacob M. Kunkel, Frederick. George W. Hughes, West River. MASSACHUSETTS. Charles Sumner, Boston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas D. Eliot, New Bedford. Jamea Buffington, Fall River. Charles F. Adams, Quincy. Alexander H. Rice, Boston. Anson Burlingame, Cambridge. John B. Alley, Lynn. Henry Wilson, Natick. Daniel W. Gooch, Melrose. Charles R. Train, Framingham. Eli Thayer, Worcester. Charles Delano, Northampton. Henry L. Dawes, North Adams. > Election unsuccessfully contested by James S. Chisman. * Seceded from the Union January 20, 1801. 3 Presented a signed communication declaring his intention and withdrew January 28, 1861. Did not occupy his seat after February 5, 1861. * Bade formal adieu and withdrew February 5, 1861. al 8 Resigned to take effect January 17, 1861. i Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ilannib Hamlin, and took his seat January 17, 1861. 8 Resigned, to take effect January 1, 1861. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Israel AV ash- burn, jr., and took his seat January 2, 1861. 214 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. I Zachariah Chandler, Detroit. Kingsley S. Bingham, Kensington. George B. Cooper, 1 Jackson. William A. Howard, 2 Detroit. Henry Waldron, Hillsdale. REPRESENTATIVES. Francis W. Kellogg, Grand Rapids. De Witt C. Leach, Lansing. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Henry M. Rice, St. Paul. Morton S. Wilkinson, Mankato. REPRESENTATIVES. Cyrus Aldrich, Minneapolis. William Windom, Winona. MISSISSIPPI. 3 SENATORS. Albert G. Brown, 4 Terry. Jefferson Davis, 5 Hurricane. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucius Q. C. Lamar, 6 Abbeville. Reuben Davis, 6 Aberdeen. William Barksdale, 6 Columbus. Otho R. Singleton, 6 Canton. John J. McRae, 6 State Line. James S. Green, Canton. MISSOURI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James R. Barrett, 7 St. Louis. Francis P. Blair, 8 St. Louis. Thomas L. Anderson, Palmyra. John B. Clark, Fayette. Trusten Polk, St. Louie. James Craig, St. Joseph. Samuel H. Woodson, Independence. John S. Phelps, Springfield. John W. Noell, Perryville. John P. Hale, Dover. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Gilman Marston, Exeter. Mason W. Tappan, Bradford. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Clark, Manchester. Thomas M. Edwards, Keene. John R. Thomson, Princeton. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John T. Nixon, Bridgeton. John L. N. Stratton, Mount Holly. Garnett B. Adrain, New Brunswick. John C. Ten Eyck, Mount Holly. Jetur R. Riggs, Paterson. William S. Pennington, Newark. i Served until May 15, 1860; succeeded by William A. How- ard, who contested his election. * Successfully contested the election of George B. Cooper, and took his seat May 15, 1860. 3 Seceded from the Union January 9, 1861. Withdrew January 12, 1861. * Withdrew January 21, 1861. Was not present in his seat after January 21, 1861. 7 Served until June 8, 1860; succeeded by Francis P. Blair, who contested hiselection; subsequently elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Francis P. Blair, and took his seat December 3, 1860. 8 Successfully contested the election of James R. Barrett, and took his seat June 8, 1860; resigned , 1860. THIRTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 215 NEW YORK. William H. Seward, Auburn. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Luther C. Carter, Flushing. James Humphrey, Brooklyn. Daniel E. Sickles, 1 New York. Thomas J. Barr, New York. William B. Maclay, New York. John Cochrane, New York. George Briggs, New York. Horace F. Clark, New York. John B. Haskin, Fordham. Charles H. Van Wyck, Bloomingburg. William S. Ken yon, Kingston. Charles L. Beale, Kinderhook. Abram B. Olin, Troy. John H. Reynolds, Albany. James B. McKean, Saratoga. George W. Palmer, Plattsburg. Francis E. Spinner, Mohawk. Preston King, Ogdensburg. Clark B. Cochrane, Schenectady. James H. Graham, Delhi. Roscoe Conkling, Utica. R. Holland Duell, Cortland. M. Lindley Lee, Fulton. Charles B. Hoard, Watertown. Charles B. Sedgwick, Syracuse. Martin Butterfield, Palmyra. Emory B. Pottle, Naples. Alfred Wells, Ithaca. William Irvine, Corning. Alfred Ely, Rochester. Augustus Frank, Warsaw. Silas M. Burroughs, 2 Medina. Edwin R. Reynolds, 3 Albion. Elbridge G. Spaulding, Buffalo. Reuben E. Fenton, Frewsburg. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Thomas L. Clingman, Asheville. Thomas Bragg, Raleigh. REPRESENTATIVES. William N. H. Smith, Murfreesboro. Thomas Ruffin, Goldsboro. Warren Winslow, Fayetteville. Lawrence O'B. Branch, Raleigh. John A. Gilmer, Greensboro. James M. Leach, Lexington. Burton Craige, Salisbury. Zebulon B. Vance, Asheville. OHIO. Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George H. Pendleton, Cincinnati. John A. Gurley, Cincinnati. Clement L. Vallandigham, Dayton. William Allen, Greenville. James M. Ashley, Toledo. William Howard, Batavia. Thomas Corwin, Lebanon. Benjamin Stan ton, Belief on taine. John Carey, Carey. Carey A. Trimble, Chillicothe. Charles D. Martin, Lancaster. George E. Pugh, Cincinnati. Samuel S. Cox, Columbus. John Sherman, Mansfield. Harrison G. Blake, 4 Medina. William Helmick, New Philadelphia. Cydnor B. Tompkins, McConnellsville. Thomas C. Theaker, Bridgeport. Sidney Edgerton, Tallmadge. Edward Wade, Cleveland. John Hutchins, Warren. John A. Bingham, Cadiz. OREGON. SENATORS. Joseph Lane, Winchester. Edward D. Baker, 5 Oregon City. REPRESENTATIVE. Lansing Stout, Portland. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Amor J. Williamson. Died June 3, 1860. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Silas M. Bur- roughs, and took his seat December 5, 1860. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of Cyrus Spink, in 1859, before the assembling of the Congress. 5 Took his seat December 5, 1860; seat vacant from March 4, 1859, to December 5, 1860. 216 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. PENNSYLVANIA. William Bigler, Clearfield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Florence, Philadelphia. Edward Joy Morris, Philadelphia. John P. Verree, Philadelphia. William Millward, Philadelphia. John Wood, Conshohocken. John Hickman, West Chester. Henry C. Longnecker, Allen town. John Schwartz, 1 Reading. Jacob K. McKenty, 2 Reading. Thaddeus Stevens, Lancaster. John W. Killinger, Lebanon. James H. Campbell, Pottsville. George W. Scran ton. Simon Cameron, Harrisburg. William H. Dimmick, Honesdale. Galusha A. Grow, Glenwood. James T. Hale, Bellefonte. Benjamin F. Junkin, New Bloomfield. Edward McPherson, Gettysburg. Samuel S. Blair, Holidaysburg. John Covode, Lockport. William Montgomery, Washington. James K. Moorhead, Pittsburgh. Robert McKnight, Pittsburgh. William Stewart, Mercer. Chapin Hall, Warren. Elijah Babbitt, Erie. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. James F. Simmons, Providence. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Christopher Robinson, Woonsocket. William D. Brayton, Warwick. SOUTH CAROLINA. 3 SENATORS. James H. Hammond, 4 Beech Island. James Chesnut, jr., 5 Camden. REPRESENTATIVES. John McQueen, 6 Marlboro. W. Porcher Miles, Charleston. Lawrence M. Keitt, Orangeburg. Milledge L. Bonham, 6 Edgefield. John D. Ashmore, 6 Anderson. William W. Boyce, 6 Winnsboro. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Andrew Johnson, Greeneville. REPRESENTATIVES . Thomas A. R. Nelson, Jonesboro. Horace Maynard, Knoxville. Reese B. Brabson, Chattanooga. William B. Stokes, Alexandria. Robert Hatton, Lebanon. Matthias Ward, Jefferson. Louis T. Wigfall, 9 Marshall. TEXAS. 8 SENATORS. Alfred O. P. Nicholson, 7 Columbia. James H. Thomas, Columbia. John V. Wright, Purdy. James M. Quarles, Clarksville. Emerson Etheridge, Dresden. William T. Avery, Memphis. John Hemphill, Austin. BEPRESENTATIVES. John H. Reagan, Palestine. Andrew J. Hamilton, Austin. 1 Died June 20, I860. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Schwartz, and took his seat December 3, 1860. a Seceded from the Union December 20, 1860. Withdrew November 11, 1860. 5 Withdrew November 10, 1860. 'Withdrew December 21, 1860; signed declaration of inten- tion, of date December 21, 1860, which was read and ordered printed December 24, 1860. ' Withdrew March 3, 1861. 8 Seceded from the Union February 1, 1861. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of J. Pinckney Henderson, and took his seat January 4, 1860. THIRTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 217 Solomon Foot, Rutland. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. Ezekiel P. Walton, Montpelier. Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Muscoe R. H. Garnett, Loretto. John S. Millson, Norfolk. Daniel C. De Jarnette, Bowling Green. William O. Goode. 1 Roger A. Pryor, 2 Petersburg. Thomas S. Bocock, Appomattox. Shelton F. Leake, Charlottesville. Charles Durkee, Kenosha. WISCONSIN. SENATOR. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Potter, East Troy. Cadwallader C. Washburn, La Crosse. Jacob Collamer, Woodstock. Homer E. Royce, East Berkshire. James M. Mason, Winchester. William Smith, Warrenton. Alexander R. Boteler, Shepherdstown . John T. Harris, Harrisonburg. Sherrard Clemens, Wheeling. Albert G. Jenkins, Green Bottom. Henry A. Edmundson, Salem. Elbert S. Martin, Lee. James R. Doolittle, Racine. Gharles H. Larrabee, Horicon. TERRITORY OF KANSAS. 3 DELEGATE. Marcus J. Parrott, 4 Leaven worth. TERRITORY OF NEBRASKA. DELEGATES. Experience Estabrook, 5 Omaha. Samuel G. Daily, 6 Peru. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Miguel A. Otero, Albuquerque. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. William H. Hooper, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Isaac I. Stevens, Olympia. J Died July 2, 1859. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death o{ William O. Goode, and took his seat December 7, 1859. 3 Erected into a state January 29, 18(51. < Served until January 29, 1861, when the territory was ele- vated to statehood. '> Served until May 18, 1860; succeeded by Samuel G. Daily, who contested his election. 'Successfully contested the election of Experience Esta- brook, and took his seat May 18, 1860. THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1861, TO MARCH 3, 1863. FIRST SESSION July 4, 1861, to August 6, 1861. SECOND SESSION December 2, 1861, to July 17, 1862. THIRD SESSION December 1, 1862, to March 3, 1863. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1861, to March 28, 1861. VICE PRESIDENT Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Solomon Foot, 1 of Vermont. SECRETARIES OF THE SENATE Asbury Dickens, of North Carolina ; John W. Forney, 2 of Pennsylvania. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Galusha A. Grow, of Pennsylvania. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Emerson Etheridge, of Tennessee. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. 3 REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. William K. Sebastian, 4 Helena. Charles B. Mitchel, 4 Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Milton S. Latham, Sacramento. James A. McDougall, San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Frederick F. Low, 5 San Francisco. Aaron A. Sargent, Nevada. Timothy G. Phelps, San Mateo. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Lafayette S. Foster, Norwich. James Dixon, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred A. Burnham, Windham. Dwight Loomis, Rockville. James E. English, New Haven. George C. Woodruff, Litchfield. 1 Elected March 23, 1861; July 18, 1861; January 15, 1862; 5 Presented credentials and claimed a seat as a third repre- March 31, 1862; June 19, 1862, and February 18, 1863. sentative from the state December 2, 1861; declared not en- 2 Elected July 15, 1861. titled to a seat by resolution of May 6, 1862; upon approval of s Seat of Clement C. Clay, jr., declared vacant by resolution the act of June 2, 1862, allowing the state of California an of March 14, 1861 (special session of the Senate). additional representative, appeared and took his seat June 3, 4 Expelled by resolution of July 11, 1861. The resolution 1862. with its preamble was revoked and annulled, so far as Mr. Sebastian was concerned, by resolution of the Senate of March 3, 1877. 218 THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A. Bayard, Wilmington. Willard Saulsbury, Georgetown. REPRESENTATIVE . George P. Fisher, Dover. 219 Vacant. 1 Vacant. 2 FLORIDA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. Vacant. Vacant. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Stephen A. Douglas, 3 Chicago. Orville H. Browning, 4 Quincy. William A. Richardson, 5 Quincy. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac N. Arnold, Chicago. Philip B. Foulke, Belleville. William Kellogg, Canton. John A. Logan, Benton. William J. Allen, 7 Marion. Owen Lovejoy, Princeton. Lyman Trumbull, Alton. John A. McClernand, 8 Springfield. Anthony L. Knapp, 9 Jerseyville. William A. Richardson, 10 Quincy. James C. Robinson, Marshall. Elihu B. Washburne, Galena. INDIANA. SENATORS. Jesse D. Bright, 11 Jefferson ville. Joseph A. Wright, 12 Indianapolis. David Turpie, 13 Indianapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. Schuyler Colfax, South Bend. James A. Cravens, Hardinsburg. William McKee Dunn, Madison. William S. Holman, Aurora. George W. Julian, Centerville. John Law, Evansville. Henry S. Lane, Crawfordsville. William Mitchell, Kendall ville. Albert G. Porter, Indianapolis. John P. C. Shanks, Jay Court House. Daniel W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. Albert S. White, Stockwell. 1 Seat of Stephen R. Mallory declared vacant by resolution of March 14, 1861 (special session of the Senate). 2 Seat of Robert Toombs declared vacant by resolution of March 14, 1861 (special session). 3 Died Junes, 1861. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Stephen A . Douglas, and took his seat July 4, 1861. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Stephen A. Douglas, and took his seat January 30, 1863. Resigned April 2, 1862. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John A. Logan, and took his seat June 2, 1862. 8 Resigned October 28, 1861. 'Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John A. McClernand. and took his seat December 12, 1861. i Resigned January 29, 1863, having been elected Senator, to fill vacancy caused by death of Stephen A. Douglas. "Expelled February 5, 1862. 1S Appointed to fill vacancy caused by expulsion of Jesse D. Bright, and took his seat March 3, 1862. "Elected to fill vacancy caused by expulsion of Jesse D. Bright, and took his seat January 22, 1863. 220 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. IOWA. SENATORS. James Harlan, Mount Pleasant. James W. Grimes, Burlington. Samuel R. Curtis, 1 Keokuk. James F. Wilson, 2 Fairfield. REPRESENTATIVES. KANSAS. 4 William Vandever, 3 Dubuque. SENATORS. Samuel C. Pomeroy, 5 Atchison. James H. Lane, 6 Lawrence. REPRESENTATIVE. Martin F. Conway, Lawrence. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Lazarus W. Powell, Henderson. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Burnett, 9 Cadiz. Samuel L. Casey, 10 Caseyville. John J. Crittenden, Frankfort. George W. Dunlap, Lancaster. Henry Grider, Bowling Green. Aaron Harding, Greensburg. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Vacant. 13 REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin F. Flanders, 14 New Orleans. John C. Breckinridge, 7 Lexington. Garrett Davis, 8 Paris. James S. Jackson, 11 Hopkinsville. George H. Yeaman, 12 Owens boro. Robert Mallory, La Grange. John W. Menzies, Covington. Wm. H. Wadsworth, Maysville. Charles A. Wickliffe, Bardstown. Vacant. Michael Hahn, !i New Orleans. MAINE. SENATORS. William Pitt Fessenden, Portland. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel C. Fessenden, Rockland. John N. Goodwin, South Berwick. Anson P. Morrill, Readfield. LotM. Morrill, Augusta. Frederick A. Pike, Calais. John H. Rice, Foxcroft. Charles W. Walton, I0 Auburn. Thomas A. D. Fessenden, 17 Auburn. i Resigned August 4, 1861. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel R. Curtis, and took his seat December 2, 1861. 3 Took his seat July 4, 1861; election contested by Le Grand Byington. By resolution of January 20, 1863, it was declared contestee had not been entitled to a seat since Sep- tember 24, 1861 the day he was mustered into the military service of the United States as a colonel of volunteers. Case of contestant remained undisposed of at close of the Congress. < Admitted as a State into the Union January 29, 1861. 5 Took his seat July 4, 1861; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1867. e Took his seat July 4, 1861; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1865. Election unsuccessfully contested by Frederick P. Stanton. 7 Expelled by resolution of December 4, 1861. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by expulsion of John C. Breckinridge, and took his seat December 23, 1861. Expelled by resolution of December 3, 1861. Elected to fill vacancy caused by expulsion of Henry C. Burnett, and took his seat March 10, 1862. Resigned in December, 1861, to enter the Union Army; (killed at the battle of Perryville, Ky., October 8, 1862). 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Jamce S. Jaek- son, and took his seat December 1, 1862. 13 Seat of Judah P. Benjamin declared vacant by resolution ofMarch 14, 1861 (special session of the Senate). 14 Credentials presented December 19, 1862; declared entitled to his seat by resolution of February 17, 1863, and took his ssat February 23, 1863. 15 Credentials presented December 22, 1862; declared entitled to his seat by resolution of February 17, 1863, and took his seat the same day. 16 Resigned May 26, 1862. 17 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles W. Walton, and took his seat December 1, 1862. THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 221 MARYLAND. SENATORS. James A. Pearce, ' Chestertown. Thomas H. Hicks, 2 Cambridge. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles B. Calvert, Bladensburg. John W. Crisfield, Princess Anne. Cornelius L. L. Leary, Baltimore. Anthony Kennedy, Ellicotts Mills. Henry May, Baltimore. Francis Thomas, Frankville. Edwin H. Webster, Belair. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Sumner, Boston. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Alley, Lynn. William Appleton, 3 Boston. Samuel W. Hooper, 4 Boston. Goldsmith F. Bailey, 5 Fitchburg. Amasa Walker, 6 North Brookfield. James Buffington, Fall River. Henry L. Dawes, North Adams. Henry Wilson, Natick. Charles Delano, Northampton. Thomas D. Eliot, New Bedford. Daniel W. Gooch, Melrose. Alexander H. Rice, Boston. Benjamin F. Thomas, Boston. Charles R. Train, Framingham. Zachariah Chandler, Detroit. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Fernando C. Beaman, Adrian. Bradley F. Granger, Ann Arbor. Kinsley S. Bingham, 7 Oak Grove. Jacob M. Howard, 8 Detroit. Francis W. Kellogg, Grand Rapids. Howland E. Trow bridge, Birmingham. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Henry M. Rice, St. Paul. Morton S. Wilkinson, Mankato. REPRESENTATIVES. Cyrus Aldrich, Minneapolis. William Windom, Winona. MISSISSIPPI. Vacant. 9 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. Vacant. 9 1 Died December 20, 1862. 3 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of James A. Pearce, and took his seat January 14, 1863. 3 Resigned September 27, 1861. 4 Elected to nil vacancy caused by resignation of William Appleton, and took his seat December 2, 1861. o Died May 8. 1862. " Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Goldsmith F. Bailey, and took his seat December 1, 1862. i Died October 5, 1861. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Kinsley S. Bing- ham, and took his seat January 17, 1862. 9 Seats of Albert G. Brown and Jefferson Davis declared vacant by resolution of March 14, 1861 (special session). 222 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Trusten Polk, 1 St. Louis. John B. Henderson, 2 Louisiana. REPRESENTATIVES. Francis P. Blair, jr., 5 St. Louis. John W. Noell, Perryville. Elijah H. Norton, Platte City. Johns S. Phelps, Springfield. Waldo Porter Johnson, 3 Osceola. Robert Wilson, 4 St. Joseph. John W. Reid, Jefferson City. Thomas L. Price, 7 Jefferson City. James S. Rollins, Columbia. John B. Clark, 8 Fayette. William A. Hall, 9 Huntsville. John P. Hale, Dover. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas M. Edwards, Keene. Oilman Marston, Exeter. Daniel Clark, Manchester. Edward H. Rollins, Concord. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. Thomson, 10 Princeton. Richard S. Field, " Princeton. James W. Wall, 12 Burlington. George T. Cobb, Morristown. John T. Nixon, Bridgeton. Nehemiah Perry, Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. John C. Ten Eyck, Mount Holly. William G. Steele, Somerville. J. L. N. Stratton, Mount Holly. Preston King, Ogdensburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen Baker, Poughkeepsie. Jacob P. Chamberlain, Seneca Falls. Ambrose W. Clark, Watertown. Frederick A. Conkling, New York. Roscoe Conkling, Utica. Erastus Corning, Albany. Isaac C. Delaplain, New York. Alexander S. Diven, Elmira. R. Holland Duell, Courtland. Alfred Ely, Rochester. Reuben E. Fen ton, Frewsburg, Richard Franchot, Schenectady. Augustus Frank, Warsaw. Edward Haight, West Chester. James E. Kerrigan, New York. William E. Lansing, Chittenango. James B. McKean, Saratoga Springs. Ira Harris, Albany. Moses F. Odell, Brooklyn. Abram B. Olin, Troy. Theodore M. Pomeroy, Auburn. Charles B. Sedgwick, Syracuse. Socrates N. Sherman, Ogdensburg. Edward H. Smith, Smithtown. Elbridge G. Spaulding, Buffalo. John B. Steele, Kingston. Burt Van Horn, Newfane. Robert B. Van Valkenburgh, Bath. Charles H. Van Wyck, Bloomingburg. Chauncey Vibbard, Schenectady. William Wall, Brooklyn. Elijah Ward, New York. William A. Wheeler, Malone. Benjamin Wood, New York. 1 Expelled by resolution of January 10, 1862. 2 Appointed 'to fill the vacancy caused by expulsion of Trusten Polk, and took his seat January 29, 1862. 3 Expelled by resolution of January 10, 1862. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by expulsion of Waldo P. Johnson, and took his seat January 24, 1862. 4 Resigned in July. 1862. Expelled by resolution of December 2, 1861. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by expulsion of John W. Reid, and took his seat January 21, 1862. 6 Expelled by resolution of July 13, 1861. Elected to fill vacancy caused by expulsion of John B Clark, and took his seat January 20, 1862. 10 Died September 12, 1862. u Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of John R. Thomson, and took his seat December 1, 1S62. )S Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John R. Thom- son, and took his seat January 21, 1863. THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 223 NORTH CAROLINA. 1 SENATORS. Thomas L. Clingman, 2 Asheville. Thomas Bragg, 2 Raleigh. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. OHIO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Allen, Greenville. James M. Ashley, Toledo. John A. Bingham, Cadiz. Harrison G. Blake, Medina. Samuel S. Cox, Columbus. William P. Cutler, Constitution. Sidney Edgerton, Tallmadge. John A. Gurley, Cincinnati. Thomas Corwin, 5 Lebanon. Richard A. Harrison, 6 London. Valentine B. Horton, Pomeroy. Salmon P. Chase, 3 Cincinnati. John Sherman, 4 Mansfield. John Hutchins, Warren. James R. Morris, Woodsfield. Warren P. Noble, Tiffin. Robert H. Nugen, New Comerstown. George H. Pendleton, Cincinnati. Albert G. Riddle, Cleveland. Samuel Shellabarger, Springfield. Carey A. Trimble, Chillicothe. Clement L. Vallandigham, Dayton. Chilton A. White, Georgetown. Samuel T. Worcester, Norwalk. Edward D. Baker, 7 Oregon City. Benjamin Stark, 8 Portland. Benjamin F. Harding, 9 Salem. OREGON. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Andrew J. Thayer. 1 James W. Nesmith, Salem. George K. Shiel, 11 Salem. PENNSYLVANIA. Simon Cameron, 12 Harrisburg. David Wilmot, 13 Towanda. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Sydenham E. Ancona, Reading. Elijah Babbitt, Erie. Joseph Baily, Newport. E. Joy Morris, 14 Philadelphia. Charles J. Biddle, 15 Philadelphia. Samuel S. Blair, Hollidaysburg. James H. Campbell, Pottsville. Thomas B. Cooper, 16 Coopersburg. John D. Stiles, 17 Allentown. John Covode, Lockport Station. William Morris Davis, Milestown. Galusha A. Grow, Glen wood. James T. Hale, Bellefonte. John Hickman, West Chester. Philip Johnson, Easton. Edgar Cowan, Greensburg. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. John W. Killinger, Lebanon. Jesse Lazear, Waynesburg. William E. Lehman, 18 Philadelphia. Robert McKnight, Pittsburgh. Edward McPherson, Gettysburg. James K. Moorhead, Pittsburgh. John Patton, Curwinsville. Thaddeus Stevens, Lancaster. John P. Verree, 19 Philadelphia: John W. Wallace, Newcastle. George W. Scranton, 20 Scranton. Hendrick B. Wright, 21 Wilkes-Barre, 1 Seceeded from the Union May 21, 1861. Charles Henry Foster claimed the right to represent the first congressional district. 2 Expelled by resolution of July 11, 1861. 'Resigned March 5, 1861, to become Secretary of the Treasury. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Salmon P. Chase, and took his seat March 23, 1861. 5 Resigned March 12, 1871, to become Minister to Mexico. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Corwin, and took his seat July 4, 1861. 'Died October 21, 1861. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Edward D. Baker, and took his seat February 27, 18G2. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Edward D. Baker, and took his seat December 1, 1862. 10 Served until July 30 1861; succeeded by George K. Shiel, who contested his election. 11 Successfully contested the election of Andrew J. Thayer, and took his seat July 30, 1861. 12 Resigned March 4, 1861, to become Secretary of War. 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Simon Cameron, and took his seat March 18, 1861. w Resigned Jnne 8, 1861, to become minister resident to Turkey. i* Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of E. Joy Morris, and took his seat December 2, 1861. i Died April 4, 1862. Electea to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas B. Cooper, and took his seat June 3, 1862. is Election unsuccessfully contested by John M. Butler. 19 Election unsuccessfully contested by John Kline. * Died March 24, 1861. M Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of George W. Scranton, and took his seat July 4, 1861. 224 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. Jamea F. Simmons, 1 Providence. Samuel G. Arnold, 2 Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. George H. Browne, Providence. William P. Sheffield, Newport. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Vacant. Jamea Chestnut, jr., 3 Camden. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. TENNESSEE. 4 SENATORS. Andrew Johnson, 5 Greeneville. Alfred O. P. Nicholson, 6 Columbia. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Bridges, 7 Athena. Horace Maynard, Knoxville. Andrew J. Clements, 8 Lafayette. TEXAS. SENATORS. Louis T. Wigfall, 9 Marshall. John Hemphill, 9 Austin. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. VERMONT. SENATORS. . Solomon Foot, Rutland. Jacob Collamer Woodstock. REPRESENTATIVES . Portus Baxter, Derby Line. Ezekiel P. Walton, Montpelier. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. VIRGINIA. 10 SENATORS. Robert M. T. Hunter, 11 Lloyds. James M. Mason, 11 Winchester. John S. Carlile, 12 Wheeling. Waitman T. Willey, 13 Morgantown. REPRESENTATIVES. William G. Brown, Kingwood. Charles H. Upton, 17 Falls Church. John S. Carlile, 14 Wheeling. Lewis McKenzie, 18 Alexandria. Jacob B. Blair, 15 Parkersburg. Killian V. Whaley, Ceredo. Joseph E. Segar, 16 Elizabeth City. < L Resigned August 15, 1862. u Elected to fill vacancy caused by withdrawal of Robert M. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James F. T. Hunter, and took his seat July 13, 1861. Simmons, and took his seat December 1, 1862. 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by withdrawal of James M. 3 Expelled by resolution of July 11, 1861. Mason, and took his seat July 13, 1861. 1861. i Resigned July 9, 1801, having been elected senator. I Seceded from the Union May 6, 1861. 15 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John S. 5 Resigned March 4, 1862, to become military governor of Carlile, elected Senator, and took his seat December 2, 1861. Tennessee. i Declared not entitled to his seat under first credentials Expelled by resolution of July 11,1861. , by resolution of February 11, 1862; subsequently elected and ' Elected in August, 1861; took'his seat February 25, 1863. declared entitled to seat under second credentials by resolution 8 Took his seat January 13, 1862. of May 6, 1862; qualified and took his seat the same day. 9 Expelled by resolution of July 11, 1861. 17 Unseated by resolution of February 27, 1862; S. Furguson 10 Secededfrom the Union April 17, 1861. Unrepresented in Beach, contestant, delared not entitled to seat by resolution this Congress from March 28, 1861, to July 9, 1861. of March 31, 1862. II Withdrew March 28, 1861; formally expelled by resolu- Elected to fill vacancy caused by the unseating of Charles tion of July 11, 1861. H. Upton, and took his seat February 16, 1863. THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 225 WISCONSIN. SENATORS. James R. Doolittle, Racine. Timothy O. Howe, Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. Luther Hanchett, * Plover. John F. Potter, East Troy. Walter D. Mclndoe, 2 Warsaw. A. Scott Sloan, Beaver Dam. TERRITORY OF COLORADO. 3 DELEGATE. Hiram P. Bennett, Denver. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. 4 DELEGATE. John B. S. Todd, Fort Randall. TERRITORY OF NEBRASKA. DELEGATE. Samuel G. Daily, 5 Peru. TERRITORY OF NEVADA. 8 DELEGATE. John Cradlebaugh, Carson City. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. / John S. Watts, Santa Fe. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. John M. Bernhisel, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. William H. Wallace, Steilacoom. 1 Died November 24, 1862. States by France by treaty of April 30, 1803; territorial gov- 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Luther Hanchett, ernment provided, with Delegate representation in Congress, and took his seat Januay 26, 1863. by Act of March 2, 1861. 3 Formed from portions of the territory ceded to the United 5 Election unsuccessfully contested by J. Sterling Morton. States by France by the treaty of Paris of April 30, 1803, and " Formed fromaportiouof the territory ceded to the Unitep of that ceded by Mexico by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of States by Mexico by the treaty of Ouadalupe Hidalgo, of Feb- February 2, 1848; erected into a territorial government, and ruary 2, 1848; erected into a territorial government, and a a Delegate in Congress granted, by Act of February 28, 1861. Delegate in Congress granted, by Act of March. 2, 1861. Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to the United 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 15 THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1863, to MARCH 3, 1865. FIRST SESSION December 7, 1863, to July 4, 1864. SECOND SESSION December 5, 1864, to March 3, 1865. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1863, to March 14, 1863. VICE PRESIDENT Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Solomon Foot, 1 of Vermont; Daniel Clark, 2 of New Hampshire. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE John W. Forney, of Pennsylvania. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana. CLERKS OF THE HOUSE Emerson Etheridge, of Tennessee; Edward McPherson, 3 of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. 4 CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. James A. McDougall, San Francisco. John Conness, Sacramento. REPRESENTATIVES. Cornelius Cole, Santa Cruz. Thomas B. Shannon, Quincy. William Higby, Mokelumne Hill. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. LaFayette S. Foster, Norwich. James Dixon, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Augustus Brandegee, New London. James E. English, New Haven. Henry C. Deming, Hartford John H. Hubbard, Litchfield. 1 Elected March 4, 1663 (special session); December 18, 1863; James M. Johnson, T. M. Jacks, and Anthony A. C. Rogers February 23, 1864; March 11, 1864, and April 11, 1864. presented credentials as members-elect., but their claims were 2 Elected April 26, 1864; February 9, 1865. not finally disposed of. By resolution of March 3, 1865, each a Elected December 8, 1863. was allowed the sum of $2,000 for "compensation, expenses, and mileage." 226 THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. DELAWARE. SENATORS. James A. Bayard, 1 Wilmington. Willard Saulsbury, Georgetown. George R. Riddle, 2 Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. William Temple, 3 Smyrna. Nathaniel B. Smithers, 4 Dover. 227 Vacan* FLORIDA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. . Vacant. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Lyman Trumbul), Alton. REPRESENTATIVES. James C. Allen, Palestine. William J. Allen, Marion. Isaac N. Arnold, Chicago. John R. Eden, Sullivan. John F. Farnsworth, St. Charles. Charles M. Harris, Oquawka. Anthony L. Knapp, Jerseyville. INDIANA. SENATORS. Henry S. Lane, Crawfordsville. REPRESENTATIVES. Schuyler Coif ax, South Bend. James A. Cravens, Hardinsburg. Ebenezer Dumont, Indianapolis. Joseph K. Edgerton, Fort Wayne. Henry W. Harrington, Madison. William S. Holman, Aurora. IOWA. James Harlan, Mount Pleasant. William B. Allison, Dubuque. Josiah B. Grinnell, 7 Grinnell. Asahel W. Hubbard, Sioux City. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. KANSAS. SENATORS. Vacant. William A. Richardson, Quincy. Owen Lovejoy, 5 Princeton. Ebon C. Ingersoll, 6 Peoria. William R. Morrison, Waterloo. Jesse O. Norton, Joliet. James C. Robinson, Marshall. Lewis W. Ross, Lewistown. John T. Stuart, Springfield. Elihu B. Washburne, Galen.a. Thomas A. Hendricks, Indianapolis. George W. Julian, Centerville. John Law, Evansville. James F. McDowell, Marion. Godlove S. Orth, La Fayette. Daniel W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. James W. Grimes, Burlington. John A. Kasson, Des Moines. Hiram Price, Davenport. James F. Wilson, Fairfield. Samuel C. Pomeroy, Atchison. James H. Lane, Lawrence. REPRESENTATIVE. A. Carter Wilder, Lawrence. 1 Resigned January 29, 1864. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James A. Bayard , and took his seat February 2, 1864. 3 Died May 28, 1863, before the assembling of the Congress. > Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Tremple, and took his seat December 7, 1863. r - Died March 25, 1864. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Owen Lovejoy, and took his seat May 20, 1864. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by Hugh M. Martin. 228 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Lazarus W. Powell, Henderson. Garrett Davis, Paris. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucien Anderson, May field. Brutus J. Clay, Paris. Henry Grider, Bristol. Aaron Harding, Greensburg. Robert Mallory, Lagrange. Vacant. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. 2 William H. Randall, London. Green Clay Smith, Covington. William H. Wadsworth, Maysville. George H. Yeaman, 1 Owensboro. Vacant. MAINE. SENATORS. William Pitt Fessenden, 3 Portland. Nathan A. Farwell, 4 Rockland. REPRESENTATIVES. Jame G. Elaine, Augusta. Sidney Perham, Paris. Frederick A. Pike, Calais. Lot M. Morrill, Augusta. John H. Rice, Foxcroft. Lorenzo D. M. Sweat, Portland. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Thomas H. Hicks, 5 Cambridge. Reverdy Johnson, Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. J. Creswell, Elkton. Henry Winter Davis, Baltimore. Benjamin G. Harris, Leonardtown. Francis Thomas, Frankville. Edwin H. Webster, 6 Bel Air. MASSACHUSETTS. Charles Sumner, Boston. John B. Alley, Lynn. Oakes Ames, North Easton. John D. Baldwin, Worcester. George S. Boutwell, Groton. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. Zachariah Chandler, Detroit. Augustus C. Baldwin, Pontiac. Fernando C. Beaman, Adrian. John F. Driggs, East Saginaw. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry Wilson, Natick. Thomas D. Eliot, New Bedford. Daniel W. Gooch, Melrose. Samuel W. Hooper, Boston. Alexander H. Rice, 7 Boston. William B. Washburn, Greenfield Jacob M. Howard, Detroit. Francis W. Kellogg, Grand Rapidt John W. Longyear, Lansing. Charles Upson, Coldwater. i Election unsuccessfully contested by John H. McHenry , jr. Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William SM. F. Bonzano, A. P. Field, W. D. Mann, T. M. Welles, Pitt Fessenden, and took his seat Decembers, 1864. and Robert W. Taliaferro presented credentials as members- elect, but their claims were not finally disposed of. By reso- lution of March 3, 1865, each was allowed the sum of $2,000 for 'compensation, expenses, and mileage." 3 Resigned July 1, 1864, to become Secretary of the Treasury Died February 13, 1865. 6 Resigned in February, 1865, to become collector of the port of Baltimore. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by John S. Sleeper. THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGEESS. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Morton S. Wilkinson, Mankato. Alexander Ramsey, St. Paul. REPRESENTATIVES. Ignatius Donnelly, Nininger. William Windom, Winona. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. 229 Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. Vacant. MISSOURI. SENATORS. John B. Henderson, Louisiana. REPRESENTATIVES. Francis P. Blair, jr., 2 St. Louis. Samuel Knox, 3 St. Louis. Henry T. Blow, St. Louis. Sempronius H. Boyd, Springfield. William A. Hall, Huntsville. Austin A. King, Richmond. NEVADA. 8 SENATORS. William M. Stewart, 9 Virginia City. Robert Wilson, St. Joseph. B. Gratz Brown, 1 St. Louis. Benjamin F. Loan, 4 St. Joseph. Joseph W. McClurg, 5 Linn Creek. James S. Rollins, Columbia. John W. Noell, 6 Perryville. John G. Scott, 7 Irondale. James W. Nye, 10 Carson City. REPRESENTATIVE . Henry G. Worthington," Austin. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. John P. Hale, Dover. Daniel Clark, Manchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel Marcy, Portsmouth. Edward H. Rollins, Concord. James W. Patterson, Hanover. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John C. Ten Eyck, Mount Holly. REPRESENTATIVES. George Middleton, Allentown. Nehemiah Perry, Newark. Andrew J. Rogers, Newton. William Wright, Newark. John F. Starr, Camden. William G. Steele, Somerville. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by expulsion of Waldo Por- ter Johnson in preceding Congress, and took his seat Decem- ber 14, 1863, succeeding Robert Wilson, who had been ap- pointed in the preceding Congress to fill such vacancy. 2 Served until June 10, 1864; succeeded by Samuel Knox, who contested his election. 3 Successfully contested the election of Francis P. Blair, jr., and took his seat June 15, 1864. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by John P. Bruce. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by Thomas L. Price. e Died March 14, 1863. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of John W. Noell, and took his seat December 7, 1863; election unsuccess- fully contested by James Lindsay. 8 Admitted as a State into the Union October 31 1864. 9 Took his seat February 1, 1865; term to expire, as deter mined by lot, March 3, 1869. 10 Took his seat February 1, 1865; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1867. J Took his seat December 21, 1864. 230 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Ira Harris, Albany. REPRESENTATIVES. James Brooks, New York. John W. Chanler, New York. Ambrose W. Clark, Watertown. Freeman Clarke, Rochester. Thomas T. Davis, Syracuse. Reuben E. Fenton, 1 Frewsburg. Augustus Frank, Warsaw. John Ganson, Buffalo. John A. Griswold, Troy. Ansorr Herrick, New York. Giles W. Hotchkiss, Binghamton. Calvin T. Hulburd, Brasher Falls. Martin Kalbfleisch, Brooklyn. Orlando Kellogg, Elizabethtown. Francis Kernan, Utica. De Witt C. Littlejohn, Oswego. Edwin D. Morgan, New York. James M. Marvin, Saratoga Springn. Samuel F. Miller, Franklin. Daniel Morris, Penn Yan. Homer A. Nelson, Poughkeepsie. Moses F. Odell, Brooklyn. Theodore M. Pomeroy, Auburn. John V. L. Pruyn, 2 Albany. William Radford, Yonkers. Henry G. Stebbins, 3 New Brighton. Dwight Townsend, 4 Clifton. John B. Steele, Kingston. Robert B. Van Valkenburgh, Bath. Elijah Ward, New York. Charles H. Winfield, Goshen. Benjamin Wood, New York. Fernando Wood, New York. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. OHIO. SENATORS. Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. REPRESENTATIVES. James M. Ashley, Toledo. George Bliss, Wooster. Samuel S. Cox, Columbus. Ephraim R. Eckley, Carrollton. William E. Finck, Somerset. James A. Garfield, Hiram. Wells A. Hutchins, Portsmouth. William Johnson, Mansfield. Francis C. Le Blond, Celina. Alexander Long, Cincinnati. John Sherman, Mansfield. John F. McKinney, Piqua. James R. Morris, Woodsfield. Warren P. Noble, Tiffin. John O'Neill, Zanesville. George H. Pendleton, Cincinnati. Robert C. Schenck, Dayton. Rufus P. Spalding, Cleveland. Chilton A. White, Georgetown. Joseph W. White, Cambridge. OREGON. SENATORS. James W. Nesmith, Salem. Benjamin F. Harding, Salem. REPRESENTATIVE. John R. McBride, La Fayette. PENNSYLVANIA. Edgar Cowan, Greensburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Sydenham E. Ancona, Reading. Joseph Baily, Newport. John M. Broomall, Media. Alexander H. Coffroth, Somerset. John L. Dawson, Brownsville. Charles R. Buckalew, Bloomsburg. Charles Dension, Wilkes-Barre. James T. Hale, Bellefonte. Philip Johnson, Easton. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. Jesse Lazear, Waynesburg. 1 Resigned to take effect December 20, 1864. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignatian of Erastus 3 Resigned October 24, 1864. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry G. Corning, prior to the convening of the Congress, and took his Stebbins, and took his seat Decembers, 1864. seat December 7, 1863. THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 231 Archibald McAllister, Springfield Furnace. William H. Miller, Harrisburg. James K. Moorhead, Pittsburgh. Amos Myers, Clarion. Leonard Myers, 1 Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. SamuelJ. Randall, Philadelphia. Glenni W. Scofield, Warren. Thaddeus Stevens, Lancaster. JohnD. Stiles, Allentown. Myer Strouse, Pottsville. M. Russell Thayer, 2 Chestnut Hill. Henry W. Tracy, Standing Stone. Thomas Williams, Pittsburgh. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. William Sprague, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathan F. Dixon, Westerly. Thomas A. Jenckes, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. Vacant. Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. Vacant. Vacant. Solomon Foot, Rutland. Portus Baxter, Derby Line. Justin S. Mo'rrill, Strafford. John S. Carlile, Clarksburg. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Jacob Collamer, Woodstock. Frederick E. Woodbridge, Vergennes. Lemuel J. Bowden, 3 Williamsburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. 4 WEST VIRGINIA. 5 SENATORS. Peter G. Van Winkle, 6 Parkersburg. Waitman T. Willey, 7 Morgantown. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob B. Blair, 8 Parkersburg. Killian V. Whaley, 8 Point Pleasant. William G. Brown, 8 Kingwood. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by John Kline. s Election unsuccessfully contested by Charles W. Carrigan. a Died January 2, 1864. On February 17, 1865, the creden- tials of Joseph Segar, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Lemuel J. Bowden, were presented but were ordered to lie on the table; no further action taken. State unrepresented in this class from this date to October 20, 1869. 4 Joseph E. Segar, from the first district; Lucius H. Chandler, from the second district, and Bethuel M. Kitchen, from the second district, presented credentials. They were declared not entitled to seats, the first two by resolution of May 17, 1864; the last-named by resolution of April 16, 1864. Lewis McKenzie also claimed to have been elected from the seventh district, and was declared not entitled to the seat by resolution of February 26, 1864. The first three claimants were- subsequently allowed mileage and pay to the dates of the adoption of the resolutions. 6 Set off from the State of Virginia and admitted into the Union December 31, 1862. 6 Took his seat December 7, 1863; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1869. 7 Took his seat December 7, 1863; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1865. 8 Took his seat December 7, 1863. 232 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Jaines R. Doolittle, Racine. Timothy O. Howe, Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. James S. Brown, Milwaukee. Walter D. Mclndoe, Warsaw. Amasa Cobb, Mineral Point. Ithamar C. Sloan, Janesville. Charles A. Eldridge, Fond du Lac. Ezra Wheeler, Berlin. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. 1 DELEGATE. Charles D. Poston, Tubac. TERRITORY OF COLORADO. DELEGATE. Hiram P. Bennett, Denver. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. DELEGATES. William Jayne, 2 Yankton. John B. S. Todd, 3 Yankton. TERRITORY OF IDAHO. 4 DELEGATE. William H. Wallace, Lewiston. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. 8 DELEGATE. Samuel McLean, 6 Bannack City. TERRITORY OF NEBRASKA. DELEGATE. Samuel G. Daily, Peru. TERRITORY OF NEVADA. 7 DELEGATES. Henry G. Worthington, 8 Austin. Gordon N. Mott, 9 Carson City. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Francisco Perea, 10 Bernalillo. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. John F. Kinney, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. George E. Cole, Walla Walla. 1 Formed from territory ceded to the United States by 5 Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to the Mexico, part by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of February United States by France by treaty of April 30, 1803; granted 2, 1848, -and part by what is known as the " Gadsden Pur- territorial government, and right to Delegate representation chase," in 1852; erected into a territorial government, and right In Congress, by act of May 26, 1864. to Delegate representation in Congress granted, by act of Feb- 8 Took his seat January 6, 1865. ruary 24, 1863. 7 Erected into a state October 31, 1864. 2 Served until June 17, 1864; succeeded by John B. S. Todd, 8 Resigned December 21, 1864, and took his seat as the who contested his election. first Representative from the new state of Nevada the same s Successfully contested the election of William Jayne, and day. took his seat June 17, 1864. 9 Took his seat January 11, 1864, and served until October < Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to the 31, 1864, when the territory was elevated to statehood. United States by France by treaty of April 30, 1803; granted 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Jose M. Gallegos. territorial government, and right to Delegate representation in Congress, by act of March 3, 1863. THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1865, TO MARCH 3, 1867 FIRST SESSION December 4, 1865, to July 28, 1866. SECOND SESSION December 3, 1866, to March 3, 1867. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1865, to March 11, 1865. VICE PRESIDENT Andrew Johnson, 1 of Tennessee. PEESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Lafayette S. Foster, 2 of Connecticut; Benjamin F. Wade, 3 of Ohio. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE John W. Forney, of Pennsylvania. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Edward McPherson, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. James A. McDougall, San Francisco. John Conness, Sacramento. REPRESENTATIVES. Donald C. McRuer, San Francisco. William Higby, Calaveras. John Bidwell, Chico. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Lafayette S. Foster, Norwich. James Dixon, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry G. Deming, Hartford. Augustus Brandegee, New London. Samuel L. Warner, Middletown John H. Hubbard, Litchfield. 1 Vice President Andrew Johnson became President on the serve in the absence of the Vice President," and did serve un- death of Abraham Lincoln, April 15, 1865. til March 2, 1867, 2 Elected March 7, 1865 (special session of the Senate), " to Elected March 2, 1867. 233 234 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Willard Saulsbury, Georgetown. George R. Riddle, Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE.' John A. Nicholson, Dover. Vacant. Vacant. FLORIDA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Vacant. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. Vacant. Vacant. Lyman Trumbull, Chicago. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Wentworth, Chicago. John F. Farnsworth, St. Charles. Elihu B. Washburne, Galena. Abner C. Harding, Monmouth. Ebon C. Ingersoll, Peoria. Burton C. Cook, Ottawa. Henry P. H. Bromwell, Charleston. Henry S. Lane, Crawfordsville. INDIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William E. Niblack, Vincennes. Michael C. Kerr, New Albany. Ralph Hill, Columbus. John H. Farquhar, Brookville. George W. Julian, Centreville. Ebenezer Dumont, Indianapolis. James Harlan, 3 Mount Pleasant. Samuel J. Kirkwood, 4 Iowa City. IOWA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James F. Wilson, Fairfield. Hiram Price, Davenport. William B. Allison, Dubuque. Richard Yates, Jacksonville. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. Lewis W. Ross, Lewistown. Anthony Thornton, Shelby ville. Samuel S. Marshall, McLeansboro. Jehu Baker, Belleville, Andrew J. Kuykendall, Vienna. Samuel W. Moulton, Shelbyville. Thomas A. Hendricks, Indianapolis. Daniel W. Voorhees, 1 Terre Haute. Henry D. Washburn, 2 Clinton. Godlove S. Orth, La Fayette. Schuyler Colfax, South Bend. Joseph H. Defrees, Goshen. Thomas N. Stillwell, Anderson. James W. Grimes, Burlington. Josiah B. Grinnell, Grinnell. John A. Kasson, Des Moines. Asahel W. Hubbard, Sioux City. 1 Served until February 23, 1866; succeeded by Henry D. Washburn, who contested his election. 2 Successfully contested the election of Daniel W. Voorhees, and took his seat February 23, 1866. 3 Resigned May 15, 1865, having been appointed Secretary of the Interior. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Har- lan, and took his seat January 24, 1866. THIBTY-NINTH CONGRESS. KANSAS. SENATORS. 235 Samuel C. Pomeroy, Atchison. James H. Lane, 1 Lawrence. Edmund G. Roes, 2 Lawrence. REPRESENTATIVE . Sidney Clarke, Lawrence. Garrett Davis, Paris. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Lawrence S. Trimble, Paducah. Burwell C. Ritter, Hppkinsville. Henry Grider, 3 Bowling Green. Elijah Hise, 4 Russellville. Aaron Harding, Greensburg. Lovell H. Rousseau, 5 Louisville. Vacant. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. James Guthrie, Louisville. Green C. Smith, 6 Covington. Andrew H. Ward, 7 Cynthiana. George S. Shanklin, Nicholasville. Samuel McKee, Mount Sterling. William H. Randall, London. Vacant. Lot M. Morrill, Augusta. John Lynch,- Portland. Sidney Perham, Paris. James G. Elaine, Augusta. Reverdy Johnson, Baltimore. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Hiram McCullough, Elkton. John L. Thomas, jr., Baltimore. Charles E. Phelps, Baltimore. William Pitt Fessenden, Portland. John H. Rice, Foxcroft. Frederick A. Pike, Calais. John A. J. Creswell, 8 Elkton. Francis Thomas, Frankville. Benjamin G. Harris, Leonardtown. MASSACHUSETTS. Charles Sumner, Boston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas D. Eliot, New Bedford. Oakes Ames, North Easton. Alexander H. Rice, Boston. Samuel W. Hooper, Boston. John B. Alley, Lynn. Henry Wilson, Natick. Daniel W. Gooch, 9 Melrose. Nathaniel P. Banks, 10 Waltham. George S. Boutwell, Groton. John D. Baldwin, Worcester. William B. Washburn, Greenfield. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. 1 Died July 11, 1866. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of James H. Lane, and took his seat July 25, 1866; subsequently elected. 3 Died September 14, 1866. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry Grider, and took his seat December 3, 1866. * Resigned July 21, 1866; subsequently reelected, and took his scat December 3, 1866. <> Resigned ia 1866. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Green Clay Smith, and took his seat December 3, 1866. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas H . Hicks, in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 4, 1865. 9 Resigned September 1, 1865, before the convening of the Congress. 10 Elected to fill vacancy occasioned by resignation of Daniel W. Goocn, and took his seat December 4, 1865. 236 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Zachariah Chandler, Detroit. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Jacob M. Howard, Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Fernando C. Beaman, Adrian. Thomas W. Ferry, Grand Haven. Charles Upson, Coldwater. Rowland E. Trowbridge, 1 Birmingham John W. Longyear, Lansing. John F. Driggs, East Saginaw. MINNESOTA. Alexander Ramsey, St. Paul. SENATORS. Daniel S. Norton, Winona. REPRESENTATIVES. William Windom, Winona. Ignatius Donnelly, Hastings. MISSISSIPPI. Vacant. John B. Henderson, Louisiana. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. MISSOURI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Hogan, St. Louis. Henry T. Blow, St. Louis. Thomas E. Noell, Perryville. John R. Kelso, 2 Springfield. Joseph W. McClurg, Linn Creek. Vacant. B. Gratz Brown, St. Louis. Robert T. Van Horn, Kansas City. Benjamin F. Loan, St. Joseph. John F. Benjamin, Shelbyville. George W. Anderson, Louisiana. Vacant. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE . Turner M. Marquett, 4 Plattsmouth. NEVADA. SENATORS. William M. Stewart, Virginia City. James W. Nye, Carson City. REPRESENTATIVE. Delos R. Ashley, Virginia City. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Daniel Clark, 5 Manchester. George G. Fogg, 6 Concord. Gilman Marston, Exeter. Edward H. Rollins, Concord. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. William Wright, 7 Newark. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, 8 Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Starr, Camden. William A. Newell, Allentown. Charles Sitgreaves, Phillipsburg. Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. James W. Patterson, Hanover. John P. Stockton, 9 Trenton. Alexander G. Cattell, 10 Camden. Andrew J. Rogers, Newton. Edwin R. V. Wright, Hudson City. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Augustus C. Baldwin. 2 Election unsuccessfully contested by S. H. Boyd. 3 Admitted as a state into the Union, March 1, 18C7. Took his seat March 2, 1867. 6 Resigned July 27> 1866. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Daniel Clark, and took his seat December 3, 1866. ' Died November 1, 1866. Appointed to fill vacancy caused by deatli of William Wright, and took his seat December 3, 1866; subsequently elected. 9 Presented credentials and qualified December 4, 1865; pro- test of members of New Jersey Legislature against his admis- sion filed the same day; served until March 27, 1866, when the seat was declared vacant. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the Senate declaring the seat of John P. Stockton vacant, and took his seat December 3,1866. THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 237 NEW YORK. SENATORS. Ira Harris, Albany. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen Taber, Roslyn. Teunis G. Bergen, New Utrecht. James Humphrey, 1 Brooklyn. John W. Hunter, 2 Brooklyn. Morgan Jones, New York. Nelson Taylor, New York. Henry J. Raymond, New York. John W. Chanler, New York. James Brooks, 3 New York . William E. Dodge, 4 New York. William A. Darling, New York. William Radfprd, Yonkers. Charles H. Winfield, Goshen. John H. Ketcham, Dover. Edwin N. Hubbell, Coxsackie. Charles Goodyear, Schoharie. John A. Griswold, Troy. Edwin D. Morgan, New York. Robert S. Hale, Elizabethtown. Orlando Kellogg, 5 Elizabethtown. Calvin T. Hulburd, Brasher Falls. James M. Marvin, Saratoga Springs. Demas Hubbard, jr., Smyrna. Addison H. Laflin, Herkimer. Roscoe Conkling, Utica. Sidney T. Holmes, Morrisville. Thomas T. Davis, Syracuse. Theodore M. Pomeroy, Auburn. Daniel Morris, Penn Yan. Giles W. Hotchkiss, Binghamton. Hamilton Ward, Belmont. Roswell Hart, Rochester. Burt Van Horn, Newfane. James M. Humphrey, Buffalo. Henry Van Aernam, Franklinville. Vacant. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. OHIO. Vacant. Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Eggleston, Cincinnati. Rutherford B. Hayes, Cincinnati. Robert C. Schenck*, Dayton. William Lawrence, Bellefontaine. Francis C. Le Blond, Celina. Reader W. Clarke, Batavia. Samuel Shellabarger, Springfield. James R. Hubbell, Delaware. Ralph P. Buckland, Fremont. James M. Ashley, Toledo. OREGON. John Sherman, Mansfield. Hezekiah S. Bundy, Reeds Mill. William. E. Finck, Somerset. Columbus Delano, 6 Mount Vernon. Martin Welker, Wooster. Tobias A. Plants, Pomeroy. John A. Bingham, Cadiz. Ephriam R. Eckley, Carrollton. Rufus P. Spalding, Cleveland. James A Garfield, Hiram. SENATORS. James W. Nesmith, Salem. George H. Williams, Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. John II. D. Henderson, Eugene City. PENNSYLVANIA. Edgar Cowan, Greensburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. Leonard Myers, Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. 1 Died June 16, 1866. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Hum phrey, and took his seat December 4, 1860. Charles R. Buckalew, Bloomsburg. M. Russell Thayer, Chestnut Hill. Benjamin M. Boyer, Norristown. John M. Broomall, Media. Sydenham E. Ancona, Reading. Successfully contested the election of James Brooks, and took his seat April 7, 1866. 5 Died Augusl 24, 1866. 3 Served until April 7, 1866; succeeded by William E. Dodge, Election unsuccessfully contested by Charles Follett. who contested his election. 238 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Thaddeus Stevens, Lancaster. Abraham A. Barker, Edenburg. Myer Strouse, Pottsville. Stephen F. Wilson, Wellsboro. Philip Johnson, 1 Easton. Glenni W. Scofield, Warren. Charles Dennison, Wilkes-Barre. Charles V. Culver, Franklin. Ulysses Mercur, Towanda. John L. Dawson, 4 Brownsville. George F. Miller, Lewisburg. James K. Moprhead, Pittsburgh. Adam J. Glossbrenner, York. Thomas Williams, Pittsburgh. Alexander H. Coffroth, 2 Somerset. George V. Lawrence, Monongahela City. William H. Koontz, 3 Somerset. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. William Sprague, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas A. Jenckes, Providence. Nathan F. Dixon, Westerly. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. TENNESSEE. 5 SENATOBS. Joseph S. Fowler, 6 Nashville. David T. Patterson, 7 Greeneville. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathaniel G. Taylor, 8 Happy Valley. William B. Campbell, 10 Lebanon. Horace Maynard, 8 Knoxville. Samuel M. Arnell, 10 Columbia. William B. Stokes, 8 Liberty. Isaac R. Hawkins, 8 Huntingdon. Edmund Cooper, 9 Shelbyville. John W. Leftwich, 9 Memphis. TEXAS. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. RREPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. VERMONT. SENATORS. Solomon Foot, 11 Rutland. Jacob Collamer. 13 George F. Edmunds, 12 Burlington. Luke P. Poland, 14 St. Johnsbury. REPRESENTATIVES. Frederick E. Woodbridge, Vergennes. Portus Baxter, Derby Line. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. Died January 29, 1867. 8 Took his seat July 24, 1866. Took his seat February 19, 1866; served until July 18, 1866; 9 Took his seat July 25, 1866. succeeded by William H. Koontz who contested his election. I0 Took his seat December 3, 1866; election unsuccessfully con- 3 Successfully contested the election of Alexander H. Coff- tested by Dorsey B. Thomas, roth, and took his seat July 18, 1866. Died March 28, 1866. Election unsuccessfully contested by Smith Fuller. l2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Solomon Foot, < Readmitted to representation by joint resolution of July and took his seat December 3, I860. 24, 1866. 13 Died November 8, 1865. Took his seat July 25, 1866; term to expire March 3, 1871. "Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Jacob Colla- * Took his seat July 28, 1866; term to expire March 3, 1869. mer, and took his seat December 4, 1865. THIRTY-NINTH CONGEESS. 239 WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Waitman T. Willey, Morgantown. Peter G. Van Winkle, Parkersburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Chester D. Hubbard, Wheeling. Killian V. Whaley, Point Pleasant. George R. Latham, Grafton. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. James R. Doolittle, Racine. Timothy O. Howe, Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. Halbert E. Paine, Milwaukee. Charles A. Eldridge, Fond du Lac. Ithamar C. Sloan, Janesville. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. Amasa Cobb, Mineral Point. Walter D. Mclndoe, Warsaw. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. John N. Goodwin, Prescott. TERRITORY OF COLORADO DELEGATE. Allen A. Bradford, Denver. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA DELEGATE. Walter A. Burleigh, Yankton. TERRITORY OF IDAHO. DELEGATE. E. D. Holbrook, Idaho City. TERRITORY OF MONTANA DELEGATE. Samuel McLean, Bannack City. TERRITORY OF NEBRASKA. 1 DELEGATE. Phineas W. Hitchcock, Omaha. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. J. Francisco Chaves, Santa Fe". TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. William H. Hooper, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Arthur A. Denny, Seattle. 1 Became a State March 1, 1867. FORTIETH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1867, TO MARCH 3, 1869. FIRST SESSION March 4, 1867, to March 30, 1867; July 3, 1867, to July 20, 1867; Novem- ber 21, 1867, to December 2, 1867. SECOND SESSION December 2, 1867, to July 27, 1868; September 21, 1868, for one day only; October 16, 1868, for one day only; November 10, 1868, for one day only. THIRD SESSION December 7, 1868, to March 3 1869. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE April 1, 1867, to April 20, 1867. VICE PRESIDENT ' . PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Benjamin F. Wade, of Ohio. SECRETARIES OF THE SENATE John W. Forney, of Pennsylvania; George C. Gorham, 2 of California. SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana; Theodore M. Pomeroy, 3 of New York. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Edward McPherson, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. George E. Spencer, 5 Decatur. REPRESENTATIVES. Francis W. Kellogg, 7 Mobile. Charles W. Buckley, 8 Montgomery. Benjamin W. Norris, 8 Elmore. ARKANSAS. 9 Willard Warner, 6 Montgomery. Charles W. Pierce, 8 Demopolis. John B. Callis, 8 Huntsville. Thomas Haughey, 8 Decatur. SENATORS. Alexander McDonald, 10 Little Rock. Benjamin F. Rice," Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Logan H. Roots, 12 Devall Bluff. James Hinds, 13 Little Rock. James T. Elliott, 14 Camden. Thomas Boles, 12 Dardanelle. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. John Conness, Georgetown. Cornelius Cole, San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel B. Axtell, 15 San Francisco. William Higby, 15 Calaveras. James A. Johnson, 15 Downieville. 1 Vice President Andrew Johnson became President i preceding Congress on the death of Abraham Lincoln. 2 Elected June 4, 1868. s Elected March 3. 1869. 4 Readmitted to representation July 13, 1868. s Took his seat July 25, 1868; term to expire March 3, 1873. e Took his seat July 25, 1868; term to expire March 3, 1871. ' Took his seat July 22, 1868. s Took his seat July 21, 1868. 240 Readmitted to representation by passage of bill in both houses over the veto of President Johnson, June 22, 1808. "> Took his seat June 23, 1868; term to expire March 3, 1871. 11 Took his seat June 23, 1868; term to expire March 3, 1873. Took his seat June 24, 1868. is Took his seat June 24, 1868; died October 22, 1868. 14 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Hinds, and took his seat January 13, 1869. u Took his seat November 21, 1867. FORTIETH CONGRESS. CONNECTICUT. 241 Jamea Dixon, Hartford. Richard D. Hubbard, Hartford. Julius Hotchkiss, Middletown. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. DELAWARE. SENATORS. George R. Riddle, 1 Wilmington. James A. Bayard, 2 Wilmington. Orris S. Ferry, Norwalk. Henry H. Starkweather, Norwich. William H. Barnum, Lime Rock. Willard Saulsbury, Georgetown. REPRESENTATIVE. John A. Nicholson, Dover. FLORIDA. 3 SENATORS. Thomas W. Osborn, 4 Pensacola. Adonijah S. Welch, 5 Jacksonville. REPRESENTATIVE. Charles M. Hamilton, 9 Marianna. Vacant. Joseph W. Clift, 9 Savannah. Nelson Tift, 9 Albany. William P. Edwards, 9 Butler. GEORGIA. 7 SENATORS. 8 REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. Samuel F. Goye, 9 Griswoldville. Charles H. Prince, 9 Augusta. Pierce M. B. Young, 9 Cartersville. Lyman Trumbull, Chicago. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Norman B. Judd, Chicago. John F. Farnsworth, St. Charles. Elihu B. Washburne, Galena. Abner C. Harding, Monmouth. Ebon C. Ingersoll, Peoria. Burton C. Cook, Ottawa. Henry P. H. Bromwell, Charleston. Richard Yates, Jacksonville. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. Lewis W. Ross, Lewiston. Albert G. Burr, Winchester. Samuel S. Marshall, McLeansboro. Jehu Baker, Belleville. Green B. Raum, Harrisburg. John A. Logan, Carbondale. i Died March 27, 1867. 'Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of George R. Riddle, and took his seat April 11, 1807; subsequently elected. 3 Readmitted to representation June 25, 1868. < Took his seat June 30, 1868; term to expire March 3, 1873. 6 Took his seat July 2 1868; term to expire March 3, 1869. Took his seat July 1, 1868. .' ; i Although Georgia did not comply with the requirements of the act of June 25, 1868, permitting her ^representation in Congress, and was not readmitted until July 15, 1870 (in the succeeding Congress) her Representatives were given seats as indicated. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 16 8 On December 7, 1868, the credentials of Joshua Hill, elected by the legislature to fill vacancy in the term beginning March 4, 1867, were presented and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary; on January 11, 1869, the credentials of Homer V. M. Miller, elected in the same manner, for the term beginning March 4, 1865, were presented and were similarily referred; on January 25, 1869, the committee reported that the State of Georgia had not complied with the conditions of an act pro- viding for her admission to representation, and that Mr. Hill "ought not now to be admitted;" February 17, 1869, the com- mittee reported against admitting Mr. Miller to his seat, and the cases remained undisposed of. s Took his seat July 25, 1868. 242 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. INDIANA. SENATORS. Thomas A. Hendricks, Indianapolis. Oliver P. Morton, Indianapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. William E. Niblack, Vincennes. Michael C. Kerr, New Albany. Morton C. Hunter, Bloomington. William S. Holman, Aurora. George W. Julian, Centeryille. John Coburn, Indianapolis. Henry D. Washburn, Clinton. Godlove S. Orth, La Fayette. Schuyler Colfax, South Bend. William Williams, Warsaw. John P. C. Shanks, Jay Court House. IOWA. SENATORS. James W. Grimes, Burlington. James Harlan, Mount Pleasant. REPRESENTATIVES. James F. Wilson, Fairfield. Hiram Price, Davenport. William B. Allison, Dubuque. William Loughridge, Oskaloosa. Grenville M. Dodge, Council Bluffs. Asahel W. Hubbard, Sioux City. KANSAS. SENATORS. Samuel C. Pomeroy, Atchison. Edmund G. Ross, Lawrence. REPRESENTATIVE. Sidney Clarke, Lawrence. Garrett Davis, Paris. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Lawrence S. Trimble, 3 Paducah. Elijah Hise, 4 Russellville. Jacob S. Golladay, 5 Allensville. J. Proctor Knott, 6 Lebanon. Asa P. Grover, 6 Louisville. John S. Harris, 11 Vidalia. LOUISIANA. 1 SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Hale Sypher, 13 New Orleans. James Mann, 14 New Orleans. Joseph P. Newsham, 13 Francesville. James Guthrie, 1 Louisville. Thomas C. McCreery, 2 Owensboro. Thomas L. Jones, 7 Newport. James B. Beck, 6 Lexington. George M. Adams, 8 Barbourville. Samuel McKee, 9 Mount Sterling. William Pitt Kellogg, 12 New Orleans. Michel Vidal, 13 Opelousas. W. Jasper Blackburn, 13 Homer. Resigned February 7, 1868. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Guthrie, and took his seat February 28, 1868. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by G. G. Symmes; took his seat January 10, 1868. < Died May 8, 1867. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Elijah Hise; election unsuccessfully contested by(3eorge D. Blakey; took his seat December 5, 1867. e Protests were presented against the seating of all members- elect from Kentucky on the grountl they had been guilty of acts of disloyalty; pending an ordered investigation, the members were not sworn; a subcommittee visited Kentucky and reported the charg, s against him as unsustained, and rec- ommended that he be seated; qualified and took his seat December 3, 1867. ' Charges of disloyalty preferred against him unsustained; took his seat December 4, 1867. s Took his seat July 8, 1867. 8 Successfully contested the election of John D. Young, who was not permitted to qualify, and took his seat June 22, 1868. Readmitted to representation July 9, 1868. 1 Took his seat July 17, 1868; term to expire March 3, 1871. 2 Took his seat July 17, 1868; term to expire March 3, 1873. s Took his seat July 18, 1868. < Took his seat July 18, 1868; died August 26, 1868; Caleb S. Hunt and J. Vi illis Menard claimed to have been elected to fill the vacancy , and Simon Jones claimed he was elected, in- stead of Mann, in the first instance. The House decided against all claimants, and the seat remained vacant for the remainder of the session. FORTIETH CONGRESS. MAINE. SENATORS. 243 Lot M. Morrill, Augusta. John Lynch, Portland. Sidney Perham, Paris. James G. Elaine, Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. SENATORS. William Pitt Fessenden, Portland. John A. Peters, Bangor. Frederick A. Pike, Calais. Reverdy Johnson, 1 Baltimore. William Pinkney Whyte, 2 Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. Hiram McCullough, Elktpn. Stevenson Archer, Bel Air. Charles E. Phelps, Baltimore. George Vickers, 3 Chestertown. Francis Thomas, Frankville. Frederick Stone, Port Tobacco. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Sumner, Boston. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas D. Eliot, New Bedford. Oakes Ames, North Eastern. Ginery Twichell, Brookline. Samuel Hooper, Boston. Benjamin F. Butler, Gloucester. Henry Wilson, Natick. Nathaniel P. Banks, Waltham. George S. Boutwell, Groton. John D. Baldwin, Worcester. William B. Washburn, Greenfield. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Zachariah Chandler, Detroit. Jacob M. Howard, Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Fernando C. Beaman, Adrian. Charles Upson, Coldwater. Austin Blair, Jackson. Thomas W. Ferry, Grand Haven. Rowland E. Trowbridge, Birmingham. John F. Driggs, East Saginaw. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Alexander Ramsey, St. Paul. Daniel S. Norton, Winona. REPRESENTATIVES. William Windom, Winona. Ignatius Donnelly, Hastings. Vacant. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant Vacant. Resigned July 10, 1868. member-elect, were presented March 18, 1867, hut he was not * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Reverdy permitted to qualify; on February 19, 1868, the Senate adopted Johnson, and took his seat July 14, 1868. a resolution that he v Jly 3 Elected for term beginning March 4, 1807, and took his seat March 9, 1868. The credentials of Philip F. Thomas, was not entitled to qualify as he had voluntarily given aid, countenance, and encourgement to persons engaged in armed hostility to the United States." 244 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. John B. Henderson, Louisiana. MISSOTJBI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Pile, 1 St. Louis. Carman A. Newcomb, Vineland. Thomas E. Noell, 2 Perryville. James R. McCormick, 3 Ironton. Joseph J. Gravely, Stockton. Joseph W. McClurg, 4 Linn Creek. Charles D. Drake, St. Louis. John H. Stover, 5 Versailles. Robert T. Van Horn, 6 Kansas City. Benjamin F. Loan, St. Joseph. John F. Benjamin, Shelbyville. George W. Anderson, 7 Louisiana. John M. Thayer, 8 Omaha. Thomas W. Tipton, 9 Brownville. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE . John Taffe, Omaha. NEVADA. SENATORS. James W. Nye, Carson City. William M. Stewart, Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. Delos R. Ashley, Austin. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. James W. Patterson, Hanover. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Benton, Lancaster. Jacob H. Ela, Rochester. Aaron F. Stevens, Nashua. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Alexander G. Cattell, Camden. REPRESENTATIVES. William Moore, Mays Landing. Charles Haight, Freehold. Charles Sitgreaves, Phillipsburg. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Edwin D. Morgan, New York. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen Taber, Roslyn. Demas Barnes, Brooklyn. William E. Robinson, Brooklyn. John Fox, New York. John Morrissey, New York. Thomas E. Stewart, New York. John W. Chanler, New York. James Brooks, New York. Fernando Wood, New York. William H. Robertson, Katonah. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, Newark. John Hill, Boon ton. George A. Halsey, NewarK. Roscoe Conkling, Utica. Charles H. Van Wyck, Middletown. John H. Ketcham, Dover. Thomas Cornell, Rondout. John V. L. Pruyn, Albany. John A. Griswold, Troy. Orange Ferriss, Glens Falls. Calvin T. Hulburd, Brasher Falls. James M. Marvin, Saratoga Springs. William C. Fields, Laurens. Addison H. Laflin, Herkimer. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by John Hogan. 2 Died October 4, 1867. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas E. Noell, and took his seat December 17, 1867. Resigned 1868. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph W. McClurg, and took his seat December 7, 1868. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by James H. Birch. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by William F. Switzler. 8 Took his seat March 4, 1867; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1871. Took his seat March 4, 1867; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1869. FOKTIETH CONGEESS. 245 Roscoe Conkling, 1 Utica. Alexander H. Bailey, 2 Rome. John C. Churchill, Oswego. Dennis McCarthy, Syracuse. Theodore M. Pomeroy, Auburn. William H. Kelsey, Geneseo. William S. Lincoln, Owego. Hamilton Ward, Belmont. Lewis Selye, Rochester. Burt Van Horn, Lockport. James M. Humphrey, Buffalo. Henry Van Aernam, Franklin ville. NORTH CAROLINA. 3 Joseph C. Abbott, 4 Wilmington. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John R. French, 6 Edenton. David Heaton, 7 Newbern. Oliver H. Dockery, 8 Richmond. John T. Deweese, 6 Raleigh. Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. OHIO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Eggleston, Cincinnati. Rutherford B. Hayes, 10 Cincinnati. Samuel F. Gary, 11 Cincinnati. Robert C. Schenck, Dayton. William Lawrence, Belief on taine. William Mungen, Findlay. Reader W. Clarke, Batavia. Samuel Shellabarger, Springfield. Cornelius S. Hamilton,^ 2 Marysville. John Beatty, 13 Cardington. Ralph P. Buckland, Fremont. John Pool, 5 Elizabeth City. Israel G. Lash, 9 Salem. Nathaniel Boyden, 8 Salisbury. Alexander H. Jones, 6 Asheville. John Sherman, Mansfield. James M. Ashley, Toledo. John T. Wilson, Tranquility. Philadelph Van Trump, Lancastenr. George W. Morgan, 14 Mount Verno. Columbus Delano, 15 Mount Vernon. Martin Welker, Wooster. Tobias A. Plants, Pomeroy. John A. Bingham, Cadiz. Ephraim R. Eckley, Carrollton. Rufus P. Spalding, Cleveland. James A. Garfield, Hiram. OREGON. SENATORS. George H. Williams, Portland. Henry W. Corbett, Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. Rufus Mallory, Salem. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Charles R. Buckalew, Bloomsburg. Simon Cameron, Harrisburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. Leonard Myers, Philadelphia. William D Kelley, Philadelphia. Caleb N. Taylor, Bristol. Benjamin M. Boyer, Norristown. John M. Broomall, Media. J. Lawrence Getz, Reading. Thaddeus Stevens, 16 Lancaster. Oliver J. Dickey, 17 Lancaster. Henry L. Cake, Tamaqua. Daniel M. Van Auken, Milford. Charles Denison, 18 Wilkes-Barre. George W. Woodward, 19 Wilkes-Barre. Ulysses Mercur, Towanda. George F. Miller, Lewisburg. Adam J. Glossbrenner, York. William H. Koontz, Somerset. Daniel J. Morrell, Johnstown. Stephen F. Wilson, Wellsboro. Glenni W. Scofield, Warren. Darwin A. Finney, 20 Meadyille. S. Newton Pettis, 21 Meadville. John Covode, Lockport. James K. Moorhead, Pittsburgh. Thomas Williams, Allegheny. George V.Lawrence, Monongahela City . Resigned in 1867, having been elected Senator. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Roscoe Conkling, elected Senator, and took his seat November 30, 1867. 3 Readmitted to representation July 4, 1868. Took his seat July 17, 1868; term to expire March 3, 1871. Took his seat July 17, 1868; term to expire March 3, 1873. Took his seat July 6, 1868. ' Took his seat July 15, 1868. * Took his seat July 13, 1868. Took his seat July 20. 1868. o Resigned in December, 1867. u Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Rutherford B. Hayes, and took his seat November 21, 1867. " Died December 21, 1867. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Cornelius S. Hamilton, and took his seat February 5, 1868. i* Served until June 3. 1868; succeeded by Columbus Delano, who contested his election. 15 Successfully contested the election of George W. Morgan, and took his seat June 3, 1868. i Died August 11, 1868. i* Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thaddeus Stevens, and took his seat December 7, 1868. >8 Died June 27, 1867. is Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles Denison, and took his seat November 21, 1867. 20 Died August 25, 1868. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Darwin A. Fin- ney, and took his seat December 7, 1868. 246 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. William Sprague, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas A. Jenckes, Cumberland. Nathan F. Dixon, Westerly. SOUTH CAROLINA. 1 SENATORS. Thomas J. Robertson, 2 Columbia. Frederick A. Sawyer, 3 Bolton. REPRESENTATIVES. B. Frank Whittemore, 4 Darlington. Manuel Simeon Corley, 6 Lexington. Christopher C. Bowen, 8 Charleston. James H. Goss,* Union Court House. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Joseph S. Fowler, Nashville. David T. Patterson, Greenville. REPRESENTATIVES. 7 Roderick R. Butler, 8 Mountain City. John Trimble, 9 Nashville. Horace Maynard, 9 Knoxville. Samuel M. Arnell, 10 Columbia. William B. Stokes, 9 Alexandria. Isaac R. Hawkins, 9 Huntingdon. James Mullins, 9 Shelbyville. David A. Nunn, 9 Brownsville. TEXAS. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. Fred. E. Woodbridge, Vergennes. Worthington C. Smith, St. Albans. Luke P. Poland, St. Johnsbury. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Vacant. Vacant. REPRESENTATIVES. Vacant. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Peter G. Van Winkle, Parkersburg. Waitman T. Willey, Morgantown. REPRESENTATIVES. Chester D. Hubbard, Wheeling. Daniel Polsley, Point Pleasant. Bethuel M. Kitchen, Martinsburg. 1 Readmitted to representation July 9, 1868. sentative population a sufficient number to give her nine, In- 1 Took his seat July 20, 1868: term to expire March 3, 1871. stead of eight, Representatives and he had been elected as such ' Took his seat July 22, 1868; term to expire March 3, 1873. ninth member. It was the first of many similar claims made 4 Took his seat July 18, 1868. by other readmitted States; the majority report was adverse 6 Took his seat July 20, 1868. to the claimant and, although the House took no formal action, Took his seat July 25, 1868. he was not seated. ' The credentials of Thomas A. Hamilton, claiming to be a 8 Took his seat June 26, 1868. member-elect from the State at large, were presented; claimant Took his seat November 21, 1867. held that, inasmuch as Tennessee had voluntarily emanci- Took his seat November 25, 1867. pated and enfranchised her slaves, she had added to her repre- FORTIETH CONGRESS. 247 WISCONSIN. SENATORS. James R. Doolittle, Racine. Timothy O. Howe, Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. Halbert E. Paine, Milwaukee. Charles A. Eldridge, Fond du Lac. Benjamin F. Hopkins, Madison. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. Amasa Cobb, Mineral Point. Cadwallader C. Washburn, La Crosse. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Coles Bashford, Tucson. TERRITORY OF COLORADO. DELEGATE. George M. Chilcott, Excelsior. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. DELEGATE. Walter A. Burleigh, Yankton. TERRITORY OF IDAHO. DELEGATE. E. D. Holbrook, Idaho City. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. DELEGATE. James M. Cavanaugh, Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATES. Charles P. Clever, 1 Santa Fe. J. Francisco Chaves. 2 TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. William H. Hooper, 3 Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Alvan Flanders, Walla Walla. 1 Served until February 20, 1869; succeeded by J. Francisco 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by William McGrorty. Chaves, who contested his election. 2 Successfully contested the election of Charles P. Clever, and took his seat February 20, 1869. FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1869, TO MARCH 3, 1871. FIRST SESSION March 4, 1869, to April 10, 1869. SECOND SESSION December 6, 1869, to July 15, 1870. THIRD SESSION December 5, 1870, to March 3, 1871. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE April 12, 1869, to April 22, 1869. VICE PRESIDENT Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PEG TEM- PORE Henry B. Anthony, 1 of Rhode Island. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE George C. Gorham, of California. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE James G. Elaine, of Maine. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Edward McPherson, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. George E. Spencer, Decatur. Willard Warner, Montgomery. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred E. Buck, Mobile. Charles Hays, 2 Eutaw. Charles W. Buckley, Montgomery. Peter M. Dox, 3 Huntsville. Robert S. Heflin, 2 Opelika. William C. Sherrod, 2 Courtland. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Alexander McDonald, Little Rock. Benjamin F. Rice, Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Logan H. Roots, Duvalls Bluff. Thomas Boles, Dardanelle. Anthony A. C. Rogers, Pine Bluff. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Cornelius Cole, San Francisco. Eugene Casserly, San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel B. Axtell, San Francisco. James A. Johnson, Downieville. Aaron A. Sargent, Nevada City. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orris S. Ferry, Norwalk. William A. Buckingham, Norwich. REPRESENTATIVES. Julius L. Strong, Hartford. Henry H. Starkweather, Norwich. Stephen W. Kellogg, Waterbury. William H. Barnum, Lime Rock. ' Elected March 23, 1869; April 9,1869; May28,1870; July 1, 3 Qualified under act of July 2, 1862, and took his seat Decem- 1870; July 14. 1870. ber 7, 1869. 2 Qualified under act of July 11, 1868, and took his seat December 7, 1869. 248 FOETY-FIEST CONGRESS. 249 DELAWARE. SENATORS. Willard Saulsbury, Georgetown. Thomas F. Bayard, Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. Benjamin T. Biggs, Summit Bridge. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Thomas W. Osborn, Pensacola. Abijah Gilbert, St. Augustine. REPRESENTATIVE. Charles M. Hamilton, Jacksonville. GEORGIA. 1 SENATORS. 2 Joshua Hill, 3 Madison. REPRESENTATIVES.' William W. Paine, 6 Savannah. Richard H. Whiteley, 7 Bainbridge. Marion Bethune, 8 Talbotton. Jefferson F. Long, 9 Macon. Lyman Trumbull, Chicago. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Norman B. Judd, Chicago. John F. Farnsworth, St. Charles. Elihu B. Washburne, 10 Galena. Horatio C. Burchard, 11 Freeport. John B. Hawley, Rock Island. Ebon C. Ingersoll, Peoria. Burton C. Cook, Ottawa. Jesse H. Moore, Decatur. Homer V. M. Miller, 4 Rome. Stephen A. Corker, 6 Waynesboro. William P. Price, 8 Dahlonega. Pierce M. B. Young, 8 Cartersville. Richard Yates, Jacksonville. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. Thompson W. McNeely, Petersburg. Albert G. Burr, Carrollton. Samuel S. Marshall, McLeansboro. John B. Hay, Belleville. John M. Crebs, Carmi. John A. Logan, Carbondale. INDIANA. Oliver P. Morton, Indianapolis. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William E. Niblack, Vincennes. Michael C. Kerr, New Albany. William S. Holman, Aurora. George W. Julian, 12 Centerville. John Coburn, Indianapolis. Daniel W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. Daniel D. Pratt, Logansport. Godlove S. Orth, La Fayette. James N. Tyner, 13 Peru. John P. C. Shanks, Jay Court House. William Williams, Warsaw. Jasper Packard, Laporte. 1 Readmitted to representation by act of July 15, 1870. 2 The credentials of Mr. Hill and Mr. Miller, presented in the Fortieth Congress, and undisposed of on the files of the Senate, were referred again to the Committee on the Judi- ciary March 9, 1869; they were reported back without rec- ommendation and ordered to lie on the table March 17, 1869; they were again referred to the committee February 14, 1870. A new election was held in Georgia, and on July 15, 1870, the credentials of Richard H. Whiteley and Henry P. Farrow were presented and ordered to lie on the table, but were subsequently referred; on the same day of their presentation the act was approved readmitting Georgia to representation in Congress. The committee reported upon all the creden- tials January 23, 1871, resolving that Messrs. Hill and Miller were duly elected; that Mr. Hill should be permitted to take his seat, but that Mr. Miller was disqualified by reason of his service in the Confederate Army; this report was adopted February 1, 1871. A joint resolution prescribing a qualifica- tion oath for Mr. Miller was approved February 24, 1871; took his seat the same day. 3 Took his seat under the resolution of February 1, 1871, on that day; term to expire March 3, 1873. < Qualified under the terms of the joint resolution approved February 24, 1871, and took his seat on that date; term to expire March 3, 1871. s Pierce M. B. Young, Nelson Tift, W. P. Edwards, J. W. Clift, Samuel F. Gove, and C. H. Prince presented credentials alleging their election as representatives, April 20, 1868, the same election in which they were elected to the Fortieth Con- gress; by resolution of January 28, 1870, they were declared not entitled to seats. Pierce M. B. Young subsequently presented credentials under a subsequent election and was seated. 6 Qualified under act of July 11, 1868, and took his seat Jan- uary 24, 1871; election unsuccessfully contested by Thomas P. Beard. i Qualified under act of July 11, 1868, and took his seat February 9, 1871. 8 Qualified under act of July 11, 1868, and took his seat Jan- uary 16, 1871. 9 Qualified under act of July 2, 1862, and took his seat Jan- uary 16, 1871. 1 Resigned March 6, 1869. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Elihu B. Washburne, and took his seat December 6, 1869. 12 Election unsuccessfully contested by John S. Reid. >' Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Daniel D. Pratt, elected Senator, and took his seat March 4, 1869. 250 James W. Grimes, 1 Burlington. James B. Howell, 2 Keokuk. CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. IOWA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. McCrary, Keokuk. J. William Smyth, 3 Marion. William P. Wolf, 4 Tipton. William B. Allison, Dubuque. James Harlan, Mount Pleasant. William Loughridge, Oskaloosa. Frank W 7 . Palmer, Des Moines. Charles Pomeroy, Fort Dodge. KANSAS. SENATORS. Samuel C. Pomeroy, Atchison. Edmund G. Ross, Lawrence. RE PRE SE NTATIVE . Sidney Clarke, Lawrence. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Garrett Davis, Paris. REPRESENTATIVES. Lawrence S. Trimble, Paducah. William N. Sweeney, Owensboro. Jacob S. Golladay, 5 Allensville. Joseph H. Lewis, 8 Glasgow. J. Proctor Knott, Lebanon. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. John S. Harris, Vidalia. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Hale Sypher, 9 New Orleans. Lionel A. Sheldon, 10 New Orleans. Chester B. Darrall, 11 Brashear. MAINE. SENATORS. William Pitt Fessenden, 14 Portland. Lot M. Morrill, 15 Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. John Lynch. Portland. Samuel P. Morrill, Farmington. James G. Blaine, Augusta. Thomas C. McCreery, Owensboro. Boyd Winchester, Louisville. Thomas L. Jones, Newport. James B. Beck, Lexington. George M. Adams, 7 Barbourville. John M. Rice, 8 Louisa. William Pitt Kellogg, New Orleans. Joseph P. Newsham, 12 St. Francisville. Frank Morey, 13 Monroe. Hannibal Hamlin, Bangor. John A. Peters, Bangor. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. 1 Resigned December 6, 1869. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James W. Grimes, and took his seat January 26, 1870. s Died September 30, 1870. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Smyth, and took his seat December 6, 1870. 6 Resigned February 28, 1870; the Governor of Kentucky peremptorily refused to accept the resignation and requested Its withdrawal; the request was complied with; on March 7, 1870, a resolution was presented in the House as a question of privilege, citing these facts and granting him the right to resume his seat; the House refused to entertain it. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jacob S. Golladay, and took his seat May 10, 1870. ' Election unsuccessfully contested by Sidney M. Barnes. 8 Seated by resolution of March 5, 1869; election unsuccess- fully contested by John T. Zeigler. 9 Election contested by Louis St. Martin; committee reported in favor of seating Mr. Sypher, and House adopted the report by a vote of 78 to 73, moved to reconsider by a vote of 86 to 79, then adopted a substitute resolution declaring the sea vacant by a vote ol 99 to 70 (April 20, 1870); subsequently elected, and took his seat December 5, 1870. "o Election unsuccessfully contested by Caleb S. Hunt; took his seat April 8, 1869. n Election unsuccessfully contested by Adolphe Bailey; took his seat July 6, 1870. 12 Successfully contested the election of Michael Ryan, and took his seat May 23, 1870. 13 Frank Morey, G.W. McCranie, and P. J. Kennedyeach pre- sented credentials claiming to be the member-elect from the fifth congressional district; by resolution of April 28, 1870, it was declared there was no lawful election in the district. Morey subsequently presented credentials under a subsequent election, and took his seat December 6, 1870. >< Died September 8, 1869. 15 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of William Pitt Fessenden, and took his seat December 6, 1869; subsequently elected. FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. MARYLAND. 251 George Vickers, Chestertown. Samuel Hambleton, Easton. Stevenson Archer, Bel Air. Thomas Swann, Baltimore. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William T. Hamilton, 1 Hagerstown. Patrick Hamill, Oakland. Frederick Stone, Port Tobacco. MASSACHUSETTS. Charles Sumner, Boston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James Buffinton, Fall River. Oakes Ames, North Easton. Ginery Twichell, Brookline. Samuel Hooper, Boston. Benjamin F. Butler, Lowell. Nathaniel P. Banks, Waltham. Henry Wilson, Natick. George S. Boutwell, 2 Groton. George M. Brooks, 3 Concord. George F. Hoar, Worcester. William B. Washburn, Greenfield. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. Zachariah Chandler. Detroit. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Fernando C. Beaman, Adrian. William L. Stoughton, Sturgis. Austin Blair, Jackson. Jacob M. Howard, Detroit. Thomas W. Ferry, Grand Haven. Omar D. Conger, Port Huron. Randolph Strickland, St. Johns. MINNESOTA. Alexander Ramsey, St. Paul. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Morton S. Wilkinson, Mankato. Daniel S. Norton, 4 Winona. William Windom, 5 Winona. Ozora P. Stearns, 6 Rochester. Eugene M. Wilson, Minneapolis. MISSISSIPPI. 7 Hiram R. Revels, 8 Natchez. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George E. Harris, 10 Hernando. Joseph L. Morphis, 10 Pontotoc. Henry W. Barry, 11 Columbus. Adelbert Ames, 9 Natchez. George C. McKee, 12 Vicksburg. Legrand W. Perce, 12 Natchez. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Reverdy Johnson (in preceding Congress), and took his seat March 25, 1869. 2 Resigned March 12, 1869, having been appointed Secretary of the Treasury. a Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George S. Boutwell, and took his seat December 6, 1869. Died July 13, 1870. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Daniel S. Nor- ton, and took his seat December 1, 1870. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Daniel S. Norton, and took his seat January 23, 1871. ' Readmitted to representation by act of February 23, 1870. 8 Took his seat February 25, 1870; term to expire March 3, 1871. s Took his seat April 1, 1870; term to expire March 3, 1875. 10 Qualified under act of July 11 , 1868, and took his seat Febru- ary 23, 1870. 11 Took his seat April 8, 1870. 12 Qualified under act of July 2, 1862, and took his seat Febru- ary 23, 1870. 252 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Charles D. Drake, 1 St. Louis. Daniel T. Jewett, 2 St. Louis. Francis P. Blair, jr., 3 St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVES. Erastus Wells, St. Louis. Gustavus A. Finkelnburg, St. Louis. James R. McCormick, Ironton. Sempronius H. Boyd, Springfield. Samuel S. Burdett, Osceola. Carl Schurz, St. Louis. Robert T. Van Horn, 4 Kansas City. Joel F. Asper, Chillicothe. John F. Benjamin, Shelbyville. David P. Dyer, 5 Louisiana. John M. Thayer, Omaha. Thomas W. Tipton, Brown ville. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. John Taffe, Omaha. NEVADA. SENATORS. James W. Nye, Carson City. William M. Stewart, Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE . Thomas Fitch, Belmont. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. James W. Patterson, Hanover. REPRESENTATIVES. Jacob Benton, Lancaster. Jacob H. Ela, Rochester. Aaron F. Stevens, Nashua. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Alexander G. Cattell, Camden. John P. Stockton, Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. William Moore, Mays Landing. John Hill, Boonton. Charles Haight, Freehold. Orestes Cleveland, Jersey City. John T. Bird, Flemington. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Roscoe Conkling, Utica. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Reeves, Greenport. John G. Schumaker, Brooklyn. Henry W. Slocum, Brooklyn. John Fox, New York. John Morrissey, New York. Samuel S. Cox, New York. Hervey C. Calkin, New York. James Brooks, New York. Fernando Wood, New York. Clarkson N. Potter, New Rochelle. George W. Greene, 6 Goshen. Charles H. Van Wyck, 7 Middletown. Reuben E. Fenton, Jamestown. John H. Ketcham, Dover. John A. Griswold, Catskill. Stephen L. Mayham, Schoharie. Adolphus H. Tanner, Whitehall. Orange Ferriss. Glens Falls. William A. Wheeler, Malone. Stephen Sanford, Amsterdam. Charles Knapp, Deposit. Addison H. Laflin, Herkimer. Alexander H. Bailey, Rome. John C. Churchill, Oswego. Dennis McCarthy, Syracuse. ' Resigned December 19, 1870. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles D. Drake, and took his seat December 22, 1870. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles D. Drake, and took his seat January 25, 1871. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by James Shields. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by William F. Switzler. 6 Served until February 17, 1870; succeeded by Charles H. Van Wyck, who contested his election. 7 Successfully contested the election of George W. Greene, and took his seat February 17, 1870. FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 253 George W. Cowles, Clyde. William H. Kelsey, Geneseo. Giles W. Hotchkiss, Binghamton. Hamilton Ward, Belmont. Noah Davis, 1 Albion. Charles H. Holmes, 2 Albion, John Fisher, Batavia. David S. Bennett, Buffalo. Porter Sheldon, Jamestown. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Joseph C. Abbott, Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVES. Clinton L. Cobb, Elizabeth City. David Heaton, 3 Newbern. Joseph Dixon, 4 Hookerton. Oliver H. Dockery, Mangum. John T. Deweese, 5 Raleigh. OHIO. John Pool, Elizabeth City. John Manning, jr., 6 Pittsboro. Israel G. Lash, Salem. Francis E. Shober, 7 Salisbury. Alexander H. Jones, 8 Asheville. SENATORS. John Sherman, Mansfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Peter W. Strader, 9 Cincinnati. Job E. Stevenson, Cincinnati. Robert C. Schenck, Dayton. William Lawrence, Belief on taine. William Mungen, Findlay. John A. Smith, Hillsboro. James J. Winans, Xenia. John Beatty, Cardington. Edward F. Dickinson, Fremont. Truman H. Hoag, 10 Belmont. Erasmus D. Peck, 11 Perrysburg. OREGON. Allen G. Thurman, Columbus. John T. Wilson, Tranquility. Philadelph Van Trump, Lancaster. George W. Morgan, Mount Vernon. Martin Welker, Wooster. Eliakim H. Moore, Athens. John A. Bingham, Cadiz. Jacob A. Ambler, Salem. William H. Upson, Akron. James A. Garfield, Hiram. SENATORS. < George H. Williams, Portland. Henry W. Corbett, Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph S. Smith, Portland. PENNSYLVANIA. Simon Cameron, Harrisburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. John Moffet, 12 Philadelphia. Leonard Myers, 13 Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. John R. Reading, 14 Somerton. Caleb N. Taylor, 15 Bristol. John D. Stiles, Allentown. Washington Townsend, West Chester. John Scott, Huntingdon. J. Lawrence Getz, Reading. Oliver J. Dickey, Lancaster. Henry L. Cake, Tamaqua. Daniel M. Van Auken, Milford. George W. Woodward, Wilkes-Barre. Ulysses Mercur, Towanda. John B. Packer, Sunbury. Richard J. Haldeman, Harrisburg. John Cessna, Bedford. 1 Resigned July 15, 1870. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Noah Davis, and took his seat December 6, 1870. a Died June 25, 1870. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of David Heaton, and took his seat December 5, 1870. 5 Resigned February 28, 1870; on March 1, 1870, the Commit- tee on Military Affairs reported a resolution declaring that he had made "an appointment to the United States Naval Acad- emy in violation of law, and that such appointment was in- fluenced by pecuniary considerations," and condemning the action; upon a roll call the resolution was agreed to by a vote of 170 toO. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John T. Deweese, and took his seat December 7, 1870. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by Nathaniel Boyden. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by Plato Durham. 9 Election unsuccessfully contested by Benjamin Eggleston. 10 Died February 1870. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Truman II. Hoag, and took his seat April 23, 1870. 12 Served until April 9, 1869; succeeded by Leonard Myers, who contested his election. 13 Successfully contested the election of John Moffet, and took his seat ApriT9, 1869. n Served until April 13, 1870; succeeded by Caleb N. Taylor, who contested his election. 15 Successfully contested the election of John R. Reading, and took his seat April 13, 1870. 254 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Daniel J. Morrell, Johnstown. William H. Armstrong, Williamsport. Glenni W. Scofield, Warren. Calvin W. Gilfillan, Franklin. Henry D. Foster, 1 Greensburg. James S. Negley, Pittsburgh. Darwin Phelps, Kittanning. Joseph B. Donley, Waynesburg. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. William Sprague, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas A. Jenckes, Providence. Nathan F. Dixon, Westerly. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Thomas J. Robertson, Columbia. Frederick A. Sawyer, Charleston. REPRESENTATIVES. B. Franklin Whittemore, 2 Darlington. Joseph H. Rainey, 3 Georgetown. Christopher C. Bowen, Charleston. Solomon L. Hoge, 4 Columbia. Alexander S. Wallace, 5 Yorkville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Joseph S. Fowler, Nashville. REPRESENTATIVES. 6 Roderick R. Butler, Taylorsville. Horace Maynard, Knoxville. William B. Stokes, Alexandria. Lewis Tillman, 7 Shelbyville. William G. Brownlow, Knoxville. William F. Prosser, Nashville. Samuel M. Arnell, Columbia. Isaac R. Hawkins, Huntingdon. William J. Smith, Memphis. TEXAS. S SENATORS. James W. Flanagan, 9 Waitings Ferry. Morgan C. Hamilton, 10 Austin. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Whitmore, 11 Tyler. John C. Conner, 12 Sherman. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles W. Willard, Montpelier. Luke P. Poland, St. Johnsbury. William T. Clark, 11 Galveston. " Edward Degener, 12 San Antonio. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. Worthington C. Smith, St. Albans. 1 Both John Covode and Henry D. Foster claimed to have been elected, while the governor refused to sign a certificate or declare either elected; the House at first refused admission to either; case was recommitted for investigation and on Feb- ruary 9, 1870, the House declared Mr. Foster entitled to the seat; took his seat the same day. Mr. Covode died January 11, 1871. 2 February 21, 1870, the Committee on Military Affairs pre- sented a report showing he had been " influenced by improper pecuniary considerations in making appointments to the Mili- tary and Naval academies," and a resolution for his expul- sion; pending action he resigned February 24,1870; following the announcement, the House adopted a resolution, without a dissenting vote, declaring he had made such appointments in violation of law, that they were influenced by pecuniary considerations, that he was unworthy of a seat in the body, and condemning his conduct. June 18, 1870, credentials of his reelection were presented; on June 21, 1870, the House passed a resolution citing its previous action, declining to allow him to be sworn, and directing the return of his credentials. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by B. Frank Whittemore being refused his seat; took his seat December 12, 1870. 4 Successfully contested the election of J. P. Reed, and took his seat April 8, 1869; the House had refused to permit Mr. Reed to qualify upon the ground of disloyalty. 5 Successfully contested the election of William D. Simpson, who was not permitted to qualify on his credentials, and took his seat May 27, 1870. 6 John B. Rogers claimed a seat as Representative at large, but claim was not seriously considered. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by C. A. Sheafe. 8 Readmitted to representation by act of March 30, 1870. 9 Took his seat March 31, 1870; term to expire March 3, 1875. 10 Took his seat March 31, 1870; term to expire March 3, 1877. >i Took his seat March 31, 1870. 12 Took his seit March 31, 1870; election unsuccessfully con- tested by Benjamin F. Grafton. FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. VIRGINIA. 1 255 SENATORS. John \V. Johnston, 2 Abingdon. John F. Lewis, 3 Port Republic. REPRESENTATIVES. 4 Richard S. A yer, 5 Warsaw. James H. Platt, jr., 6 Petersburg. Charles H. Porter, 6 Richmond. George W. Booker, 7 Martinsville. Robert Ridgway, 8 Cool Well. Richard T. W. Duke, 9 Charlottesville. William Milnes, jr., 6 Shenandoah Iron Works. Lewis McKenzie, 7 Alexandria. James King Gibson, 6 Abingdon. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Waitman T. Willey, Morgantown. Arthur I. Boreman, Parkersburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Isaac H. Duval, Wellsburg. James C. McGrew, Kingwood. John S. Witcher, Guyandotte. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Timothy O. Howe, Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. Halbert E. Paine, Milwaukee. Benjamin F. Hopkins, 10 Madison. David Atwood, 11 Madison. Amasa Cobb, Mineral Point. Matthew H. Carpenter, Milwaukee. Charles A. Eldridge, Fond du Lac. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. Cadwallader C. Washburn, La Crosse. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Richard C. McCormick, Tucson. TERRITORY OF COLORADO. DELEGATE. Allen A. Bradford, Pueblo. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. DELEGATE. Samuel L. Spink, Yankton TERRITORY OF IDAHO. DELEGATE. Jacob K. Shafer, Idaho City. 1 Readmitted to representation by act of January 26, 1870. 2 Took his seat January 28, 1870; term to expire March 3, 1871. 3 Took his seat January 27, 1870; term to expire March 3, 1875. 4 The Virginia constitutional convention called under re- construction laws passed an ordinance providing for a ninth Representative at large; credentials of Joseph Segar as such Repres ntative were presented January 25, 1870; on July 11, 1870, the House adopted a resolution, without division, declar- ing him not entitled to a seat. '> Qualified under act of July 2, 1862, and took his seat Jan- uary 31, 1870. Took his seat January 27, 1870. Took his seat January 28, 1870. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Charles Whittlesey; took his seat January 31, 1870. * Qualified under act of July 2, 1862, and took his seat Febru- ary 1, 1870; election unsuccessfully contested by George Tucker. 8 Took his seat January 27, 1870; died 1870. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Robert Ridg >vay, and took his seat December 5, 1870. 10 Died January 1, 1870. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Benjamin F. Hopkins, and took his seat February 23, 1870. 2,56 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. DELEGATE. James M. Cavanaugh, Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. J. Francisco Chaves, Santa Fe. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. William H. Hooper, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Selucius Garfielde, Olympia. TERRITORY OF WYOMING. 1 DELEGATE. Stephen F. Nuckolls, Cheyenne. i Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to the United States by France by treaty of Paris of April 30, 1803; provided a territorial government, and the right to Delegate representation in Congress, by act of July 25, 1868. FORTY-SECOND CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1871, TO MARCH 3, 1873. FIRST SESSION March 4, 1871, to April 20, 1871. SECOND SESSION December 4, 1871, to June 10, 1872. THIRD SESSION December 2, 1872, to March 3, 1873. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE May 10, 1871, to May 27, 1871. VICE PRESIDENT Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEM- PORE Henry B. Anthony, 1 of Rhode Island. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE George C. Gorham, of California. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE James G. Elaine, of Maine. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Edward McPherson, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. George E. Spencer, Decatur. George Goldthwaite, 2 Montgomery. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin S. Turner, Selma. Charles W. Buckley, Montgomery. William A. Handley, 3 Roanoke. Charles Hays, Eutaw. Peter M. Dox, Huntsville. Joseph H. Sloss, Tuscumbia. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Benjamin F. Rice, Little Rock. Powell Clayton, Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES . James M. Hanks, Helena. Oliver P. Snyder, Pine Bluff. John Edwards, 4 Fort Smith. Thomas Boles, 5 Dardanelle. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Cornelius Cole, San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Sherman 0. Houghton, San Jose. Aaron A. Sargent, Nevada City. Eugene Casserly, San Francisco. John M. Coghlan, Suisun City. 1 Elected March 10, 1871; April 17, 1871; May 23, 1871 (special session of the Senate); December 21, 1871; February 23, 1872; June 8, 1872; December 4, 1872; December 13, 1872; December 20, 1872; and January 24, 18/3. 2 Credentials presented February 6, 1871, in the preceding Congress; appeared to take the oath of office March 4, 1871: protest against his being seated presented the same day, and he was not permitted to qualify; on January 9, 1872, Senate, 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 17 by resolution, gave him permission to take his seat, pending further investigation; took his seat January 15, 1872; no fur- ther action. s Election unsuccessfully contested by B. W. Norris. < Served until February 9, 1872; succeeded by Thomas Boles, who contested his election. 5 Successfully contested the election of John Edwards, and took his seat February 9, 1872. 257 258 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS.. Orris S. Ferry, Norwalk. William A. Buckingham, Norwich. REPRESENTATIVES. Julius L. Strong, 1 Hartford. Joseph R. Hawley, 2 Hartford. Stephen W. Kellogg, Waterbury. Henry H. Starkweather, Norwich. William H. Barnum, Lime Rock. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas F. Bayard, Wilmington. Eli Saulsbury, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. Benjamin T. Biggs, Summit Bridge. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Thomas W. Osborn, Pensacola. Abijah Gilbert, St. Augustine. REPRESENTATIVES. Josiah T. Walls, 3 Gainesville. Silas L. Niblack, 4 Gainesville. Joshua Hill, Madison. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Archibald T. Mclntyre, 6 Thomasville. Richard H. Whiteley, 7 Bainbridge. John S. Bigby, Newnan. Thomas J. Speer, 8 Barnesville. Thomas M. Norwood, 5 Savannah. Erasmus W. Beck, 9 Griffin. Dudley M. Du Bose, 10 Washington. William P. Price, Dahlonega. Pierce M. B. Young, Cartersville. Lyman Trumbull, Chicago. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles B. Farwell, Chicago. John F. Farnsworth, St. Charles. Horatio C. Burchard, Freeport. John B. Hawley, Rock Island. Bradford N. Stevens, Tiskilwa. Burton C. Cook, 1 1 Ottawa. Henry Snapp, 12 Joliet. Jesse H. Moore, Docatur. John A. Logan, Carbondale. James C. Robinson, Springfield. Thompson W. McNeely, Petersburg. Edward Y. Rice, Hillsboro. Samuel S. Marshall, McLeansboro. John B. Hay, Belleville. John M. Crebs, Carmi. John L. Beveridge, 13 Evanston. 1 Died September 7, 1872. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Julius L. Strong, and took his seat December 2, 1872. 3 Served until January 29, 1873; succeeded by Silas L. Niblack, who contested his election. 4 Successfully contested the election of Josiah T. Walls, and took his seat January 29, 1873. 5 Election unsuccessfully contested by Foster Blodgett; took his seat December 19, 1871. 8 Ejection unsuccessfully contested by Virgil Hilyer. i Election unsuccessfully contested by Nelson Tift. 8 Died August 18, 1872. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas J. Speer, and took his seat December 2, 1872. 10 Election unsuccessfully contested by J. S. Fannin. 11 Resigned August 26, 1871. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Burton C. Cook, and took his seat December 4, 1871. w Took his seat December 4, 1871; resigned January 4, 1873. FORTY-SECOND CONGRESS. INDIANA. SENATORS. Oliver P. Morton, Indianapolis. Daniel D. Pratt, Logansport. REPRESENTATIVES. 259 William E. Niblack, Vincennes. Michael C. Kerr, New Albany. William S. Holman, Aurora. Jeremiah M. Wilson, 1 Connersville. John Coburn, Indianapolis. Daniel W. Vorhees, Terre Haute. Mahlon D. Manson, Crawfordsville. James N. Tyner, Peru. John P. C. Shanks, Jay Court House. William Williams, Warsaw. Jasper Packard, La Porte. IOWA. - f SENATORS. James Harlan, Mount Pleasant. George G. Wright, Des Moines. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. McCrary, Keokuk. Aylett R. Cotton, Lyons. William G. Donnan, Independence. Madison M. Walden, Centerville. Frank W. Palmer, Des Moines. Jackson Orr, Montana. KANSAS. SENATORS. 2 Samuel C. Pomeroy, Atchison. Alexander Caldwell, Leavenworth. REPRESENTATIVE. David P. Lowe, Fort Scott. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Garrett Davis, 3 Paris. Willis B. Machen," Eddyville. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward Grassland, May field. Henry D. McHenry, Hartford. Joseph H. Lewis, Glasgow. William B. Read, Hodgensville. Boyd Winchester, Louisville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. William Pitt Kellogg, 5 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Hale Sypher, New Orleans. Lionel A. Sheldon, New Orleans. Chester B. Darrall, Brashear. John W. Stevenson, Covington. William E. Arthur, Covington. James B. Beck, Lexington. George M. Adams, Barbourville. John M. Rice, Louisa. J. Rodman West, New Orleans. Aleck Boarman, 6 Shreveport. Frank Morey, Monroe. i Election unsuccessfully contested by David S. Gooding. * May 11, 1872, the Committee on Privileges and Elections was authorized to investigate charges of bribery and corruption in connection with the election of both the sitting Senators; June 3, 1872, it reported that in the case of Mr. Pomeroy such charges were totally unsustained; in the case of Mr. Caldwell the report was directly to the contrary, and on February 17, 1873. it reported a resolution declaring him "not duly and legally elected;" this report was not acted upon during the Congress, but early in the succeeding-Congress, and in the spe- cial session of the Senate, while the report was pending and under discussion, Mr. Caldwell resigned (March 24, 1873). 3 Died September 22, 1872. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Garrett Davis, and took his seat December 2, 1872. s Resigned November 1, 1872; January 22, 1873, credentials of John Ray and William L. McMillen, each claiming to have been elected to fill the vacancy, were presented and referred; February 20, 1873, the committee reported that neither of the claimants was entitled to a seat, as no state government ex- isted at the time in Louisiana, and recommended the passage of a bill ordering a new election; such a bill was rejected February 27, 1873; no further action was taken on the creden- tials and the seat remained vacant to the close of the session. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James McCleery, November 5, 1871, before the convening of Congress, and took his seat December 3, 1872. Resigned March 3, 1873. 260 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MAINE. SENATORS. Hannibal Hamlin, Bangor. Lot M. Morrill, Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. John Lynch, Portland. William P. Frye, Lewiston. James G. Elaine, Augusta. John A. Peters, Bangor. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Gqprge Vickers, Chestertown. William T. Hamilton, Hagerstown. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Hambleton, Easton. Stevenson Archer, Bel Air. Thomas Swann, Baltimore. John Ritchie, Frederick City. William M. Merrick, Ilchester. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Sumner, Boston. REPRESENTATIVES. James Bumnton, Fall River. Oakes Ames, North Easton. Ginery Twichell, Brookline. Samuel Hooper, Boston. Benjamin F. Butler, Lowell. Nathaniel P. Banks, Waltham. Zachariah Chandler, Detroit. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Austin Blair, Jackson. Omar D. Conger, Port Huron. Wilder D. Foster, 8 Grand Rapids. Henry Wilson, Natick. George M. Brooks, 1 Concord. Constantine C. Esty, 2 Framingham. George F. Hoar, Worcester. William B. Washburn, 3 Greenfield. Alvah Crocker, 4 Fitchburg. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. Thomas W. Ferrv. Grand Haven. William L. Stoughton, Sturgis. Jabez G. Sutherland, Saginaw. Henry Waldron, Hillsdale. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Alexander Ramsey, St. Paul. William Windom, Winona. REPRESENTATIVES. Mark H. Dunnell, Owatonna. John T. Averill, St. Paul. MISSISSIPPI. Adelbert Ames, Natchez. George E. Harris, Hernando. Joseph L. Morphis, Pontotoc. Henry W. Barry, Columbus. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James L. Alcorn, Friars Point. George C. McKee, Vicksburg. Legrand W. Perce, Natchez. 1 Resigned May 13, 1872. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William B. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George M. Washburn, and took his seat February 14, 1872. Brooks, and took his seat December 2, 1872. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas W. 3 Resigned December 5, 1871, having been elected governor. Ferry, and took his seat December 4, 1871. FORTY-SECOND CONGRESS. MISSOURI. SENATORS. 261 Carl Schurz, St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVES. Erastus Wells, St. Louis. Gustavus A. Finkelnburg, St. Louis. James R. McCormick, Arcadia. Harrison E. Havens, Springfield. Samuel S. Burdett, Osceola. Francis P. Blair, jr., St. Louis. Abram Comingo, Independence. Isaac C. Parker, St. Joseph. James G. Blair, Canton. Andrew King, St. Charles. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Thomas W. Tipton, Brownville. Phineas W. Hitchcock, Omaha. REPRESENTATIVE. John Taffe, Omaha. NEVADA. SENATORS. James W. Nye, Carson City. William M. Stewart, Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. Charles W. Kendall, Hamilton. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. James W. Patterson, 1 Hanover. REPRESENTATIVES. Ellery A. Hibbard, Laconia. Samuel N. Bell, Manchester. John P. Stockton, Trenton. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Hosea W. Parker, Claremont. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, Newark. REPRESENTATIVES. John W. Hazel ton, Mullica Hill. John Hill, Boon ton. Samuel C. Forker, Bordentown. George A. Halsey, Newark. John T. Bird, Flemington. Roscoe Conkling, Utica. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. D wight Townsend, Stapleton. Thomas Kinsella, Brooklyn. Henry W. Slocum, Brooklyn. Robert B. Roosevelt, New York. William R. Roberts, New York. Samuel S. Cox, New York. Smith Ely, jr., New York. James Brooks, New York. Fernando Wood, 'New York. Clarkson N. Potter, New Rochelle. Charles St. John, Port Jervis. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. Joseph H. Tuthill, Ellenville. Eli Perry, Albany. Joseph M. Warren, Troy. John Rogers, Black Brook. Reuben E. Fenton, Jamestown. William A. Wheeler, Malone. John M. Carroll, Johnstown. Elizur H. Prindle, Norwich. Clinton L. Merriam, Locust Grove. Ellis H. Roberts, Utica. William E. Lansing, Chittenango. R. Holland Duell, Cortland. John E. Seeley, Ovid. William H. Lamport, Canandaigua. Milo Goodrich, Dry den. H. Boardman Smith, Elmira. Freeman Clarke, Rochester. Seth Wakeman, Batavia. William Williams, Buffalo. Walter L. Sessions, Panama. 1 February 5, 1873, a select committee was appointed to con- sider matters presented in a communication from the House report, and a resolution favoring the exp of Representatives and accompanying testimony, reflecting son; as the Congress and_Mr. Patterson's upon the conduct of certain Senators in connection with the "Credit Mobilier of America"; February 27, 1873, the com- mittee reported, exonerating other Senators mentioned in the pulsion of Mr. Patter- s term expired simul- taneously on March 3, 1873, no final action was reached. 262 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NORTH CAROLINA. John Pool, Elizabeth City. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. 'Clinton L. Cobb, Elizabeth City. Charles R. Thomas, Newbern. Alfred M. Waddell, Wilmington. Sion H. Rogers, 2 Raleigh. John Sherman, Mansfield. OHIO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Aaron P. Perry, 3 Cincinnati. Ozro T. Dodds, 4 Cincinnati. Job E. Stevenson, Cincinnati. Lewis D. Campbell, 5 Hamilton. John F. McKinney, Piqua. Charles N. Lamison, Lima. John A. Smith, Hillsboro. Samuel Shellabarger, Springfield. John Beatty, Cardington. Charles Foster, Fostoria. Matt W. Ransom, 1 Weldon. James M. Leach, Lexington. Francis E. Shober, Salisbury. James C. Harper, Patterson. Allen G Thurman, Columbus. Erasmus D. Peck, Perrysburg. John T. Wilson, Tranquility. Philadelph Van Trump, Lancaster. George W. Morgan, Mount Vernon. James Monroe, Oberlin. William P. Sprague, McConnellsville. John A. Bingham, Cadiz. Jacob A. Ambler, Salem. William H. Upson, Akron. James A. Garfield, Hiram. OREGON. SENATORS. Henry W. Corbett, Portland. James K. Kelly, Portland. REPRESENTATIVE . James H. Slater, Le Grande. PENNSYLVANIA. Simon Cameron, Harrisburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. John V. Creely, Philadelphia. Leonard Myers, Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, German town. Ephraim L. Acker, Norristown. Washington Townsend, West Chester. J. Lawrence Getz, Reading. Oliver J. Dickey, Lancaster. John W. Killinger, Lebanon. John B. Storm, Stroudsburg. Lazarus D. Shoemaker, Wilkes-Barre. Ulysses S. Mercur, 6 Towanda. John Scott, Huntingdon. Frank C. Burnett, 7 Tunkhannock. John B. Packer, Sunbury. Richard J. Haldeman, Harrisburg. Benjamin F. Meyers, 8 Bedford. R. Milton Speer, Huntingdon. Henry Sherwood, Wellsboro. Glenni W. Scofield, Warren. Samuel Griffith, Mercer. Henry D. Foster, Greensburg. James S. Negley, Pittsburgh. Ebenezer McJunkin, Butler. William McClelland, Mount Jackson. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. William Sprague, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin T. Eames, Providence. James M. Pendleton, Westerly. i Joseph C. Abbott was a claimant for this seat; the Com- mittee on Privileges and Elections reported February 28, 1872, that Zebulon B. Vance had received ' ' a majority of the whole number of votes cast in each house," and Mr. Abbott received the next highest number of votes; the next day Mr. Vance was declared duly elected. Mr. Abbott rested his claim on what he assumed to be the legal result of the conceded ineli- gibility of Mr. Vance, who was barred by the provisions of the fourteenth amendment; Mr. Vance made no claim to the seat; on February 5, 1872, credentials of Mr. Ransom were pre- sented, certifying he had been elected January 30, 1872, " to fill a vacancy existing by reason of the resignation of Zebulon B. Vance"; April 23, 1872, Senate declared, by resolution, that Mr. Abbott had not been elected, and the day following that Mr. Ransom was declared entitled to the seat; took his seat April 24, 1872; resolutions were subsequently adopted allow- ing mileage and salary to Mr. Abbott from March 4, 1871, to April 23, 1872, and fixing Mr. Ransom's term and pay as be- ginning March 4, 1871. 2 Took his seat May 23, 1872; election unsuccessfully contested by James H. Harris. s Resigned in 1872. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Aaron F. Perrv, and took his seat December 2, 1872. 5 Ejection unsuccessfully contested by R. C. Schenck. 6 Resigned December 2, 1872. i Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ulysses S. Mercur, and took his seat January 7, 1873. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by John Cessna. FORTY-SECOND CONGRESS. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Thomas J. Robertson, Columbia. Frederick A. Sawyer, Charleston. REPRESENTATIVES. 263 Joseph H. Rainey, Georgetown. Robert C. De Large, 1 Charleston. Robert B. Elliott, 2 Columbia Alexander S. Wallace, 3 Yorkville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. William G. Brownlow, Knoxville. REPRESENTATIVES. Roderick R. Butler, Taylorsville. Horace Maynard, Knoxville. Abraham E. Garrett, Carthage. John M. Bright, Fayetteville. Edward I. Golladay, Lebanon. TEXAS. SENATORS. James W. Flanagan, Flanagans Mills. REPRESENTATIVES. William S. Herndon, Tyler. John C. Conner, Sherman. William T. Clark, 6 Galveston. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles W. Willard, Montpelier. Luke P. Poland, St. Johnsbury. Henry Cooper, Nashville. Washington C. Whitthorne, Columbia. Robert P. Caldwell, Trenton. Sohn W. Leftwich, 4 Memphis. William W. Vaughan, Brownsville. Morgan C. Hamilton, 5 Austin. De Witt C. Giddings, 7 Brenham. John Hancock, Austin. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. Worthington C. Smith, St* Albans. John W. Johnston, Abingdon. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Critcher, Oak Grove. James H. Platt, jr., Petersburg. Charles H. Porter, Richmond. William H. H. Stowell, Halifax Court House. John F. Lewis, Port Republic. Richard T. W. Duke, Charlottesville. John T. Harris, Harrisonburg. Elliott M. Braxton, 8 Fredericksburg. William Terry, Wytheville. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Arthur I. Boreman, Parkersburg. REPRESENTATIVES. John J. Davis, Clarksburg. James C. McGrew, Kingwood. Henry G. Davis, Piedmont. Frank Hereford, Union. 1 Election contested by Christopher C. Bowen; seat declared vacant January 24, 1873. 2 Resigned in January, 1873. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Isaac G. McKissick. < Died March 6, 1871. 6 Presented himself to take the oath of office March 4, 1871; a certified copy of a joint resolution of the Texas Legislature declaring his election by the preceding legislature illegal was offered and he was not permitted to qualify; March 15, 1871, credentials of Joseph J. Reynolds, claiming to be the Senator- elect, were presented; March 18, 1871, the Senate agreed to a reported resolution declaring Mr. Hamilton duly elected; took his seat March 20, 1871. Given a seat by resolution of January 10, 1872; served until May 13, 1872; succeeded by DeWitt C. Giddings, who con- tested his election. ' Successfully contested the election of William T. Clark, and took his seat May 13 1872, 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by I,ewis McKenzie. 264 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Timothy O. Howe, Green Bay. Matthew H. Carpenter, Milwaukee. REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander Mitchell, Milwaukee. Charles A. Eldredge, Fond du Lac. Gerry W. Hazelton, Columbus. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. J. Allen Barber, Lancaster. Jeremiah M. Rusk, Viroqua. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Richard C. McCormick, Tucson. TERRITORY OF COLORADO. DELEGATE. Jerome B. Chaffee, Denver. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. DELEGATE. Moses K. Armstrong, 1 Yankton. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 2 DELEGATE. Norton P. Chipman, Washington. TERRITORY OF IDAHO. DELEGATE. Samuel A. Merritt, Idaho City. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. DELEGATE. William H. Clagett, Deer Lodge City. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Jose Manuel Gallegos, Sante Fe\ TERRITORY OF UTAH. I DELEGATE. William H. Hooper, 3 Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Selucius Garfielde, Olympia. TERRITORY OF WYOMING. DELEGATE. William T. Jones, Cheyenne. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by W. A. Burleigh and bounds were established by proclamation of the President, S. L. Spink. George Washington, March 30, 1791. By Act of July 9, 1846, 2 Established under the seventeenth clause of the eighth sec- Congress retroceded the county of Alexandria, incorporated in tion of Article I of the Constitution of the United States; the District, to the state of Virginia; territorial form of govern- formed from territory ceded to the United States by the state ment provided, with the right to Delegate representation in of Maryland, legislative act of December 23, 1788; and by the Congress, by act of February 21, 1871. state of Virginia, legislative act of December 3, 1789; cessions 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by G. R. Maxwell, accepted by Congress by Act of July 16, 1790, and lines and FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1873, TO MARCH 3, 1875. FIRST SESSION December 1, 1873, to June 23, 1874. SECOND SESSION December 7, 1874, to March 3, 1875. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1873, to March 26, 1873. VICE PRESIDENT Henry Wilson, 1 of Massachusetts. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Matthew H. Carpenter, 2 of Wisconsin; Henry B. Anthony, 3 of Rhode Island. SECRE- TARY OF THE SENATE George C. Gorham, of California. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE James G. Elaine, of Maine. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Edward McPherson, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. George E. Spencer, 4 Decatur. George Goldthwaite, Montgomery. REPRESENTATIVES. Frederick G. Bromberg, Mobile. James T. Rapier, Montgomery. Charles Pelham, Talladega. Charles Hays, Eutaw. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Powell Clayton, Little Rock. John H. Caldwell, Jacksonville. Joseph H. Sloss, Tuscumbia. Alexander White, Selma. C. Christopher Sheats, Decatur. Stephen W. Dorsey, Helena. REPRESENTATIVES. Asa Hodges, 5 Marion. Thomas M. Gunter, 8 Fayetteville. Oliver P. Snyder, 6 Pine Bluff. William J. Hynes, Little Rock. William W. Wilshire, 7 Little Rock. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Eugene Casserly, 9 San Francisco. John S. Hager, io San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Clayton, San Francisco. Horace F. Page, Placerville. Aaron A. Sargent, Nevada City. John K. Luttrell, Santa Rosa. Sherman O. Houghton, San Jose". 1 Died November 22, 1875. 2 Elected March 12, 1873 (special session); March 26, 1873; December 11, 1873; December 23. 1874. s Elected January 25, 1875, and February 15, 1875. 4 Appeared to take the oath of office on credentials presented in the preceding Congress, March 6, 1873 (special session of the Senate); objection was made, as a memorial was on file from Francis W. Sykes, claiming the seat; March 7, 1873, a motion to refer the credentials and memorial to the Committee on Privileges and Elections was defeated, and Mr. Spencer was permitted to qualify; December 8, 1873, the memorial of Mr. Sykes was referred, and April 20, 1874, the committee, upon its motion, was discharged from its further consideration. 5 Election unsuccessfully contested by Lucien C. Cause; took his seat February 4, 1874. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by Marcus L. Bell. 7 Served until June 16, 1874; succeeded by Thomas M. Gunter, who contested his election. 8 Successfully contested the election of William W. Wil- shire, and took his seat June 16, 1874. 9 Resigned November 29, 1873. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Eugene Casserly, and took his seat February 9, 1874. 265 266 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orris S. Ferry, Norwalk. William A. Buckingham, 1 Norwich. William W. Eaton, 2 Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. Henry H. Starkweather, Norwich. Stephen W. Kellogg, Waterbury. William H. Barnum, Lime Rock. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas F. Bayard, Wilmington. Eli Saulsbury, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE . James R. Lofland, Milford. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Abijah Gilbert, St. Augustine. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Purman, 3 Tallahassee. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Thomas M. Norwood, Savannah. REPRESENTATIVES. Morgan Rawls, 4 Guyton. Andrew Sloan, 5 Savannah. Richard H. Whiteley, Bainbridge. Philip Cook, Americus. Henry R. Harris, 6 Greenville. John A. Logan, Chicago. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Rice, 8 Chicago. Barnard G. Caulfield, 9 Chicago. Jasper D. Ward, Chicago. Charles B. Farwell, Chicago. Stephen A. Hurlbut, Belvidere. Horatio C. Burchard, Freeport. John B. Hawley, Rock Island. Franklin Corwin, Peru. Geenberry L. Fort, Lacon. Granville Barrere, Canton. INDIANA. SENATORS. Oliver P. Morton, Indianapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. William E. Niblack, Vincennes. Simeon K. Wolfe, New Albany. William S. Holman, Aurora. Jeremiah M. Wilson, Connersville. John Coburn, Indianapolis. Morton C. Hunter, Bloomington. Thomas J. Cason, Lebanon. Simon B. Conover, Tallahassee. Josiah T. Walls, Gainesville. John B. Gordon, Atlanta. James C. Freeman, Griffin. James H. Blount, Macon. Pierce M. B. Young, Cartersville. Alexander H. Stephens, 7 Crawford vi lie. Hiram P. Bell, Gumming. Richard J. Oglesby, Decatur. William H. Ray, Rushville. Robert M. Knapp, Jerseyville. James C. Robinson, Springfield. John McNulta, Bloomington. Joseph G. Cannon, Tuscola. John R. Eden, Sullivan. Jame? S. Martin, Salem. William R. Morrison, Waterloo. Isaac Clements, Carbondale. Samuel S. Marshall, McLeansboro. Daniel D. Pratt, Logansport. James N. Tyner, Peru. John P. C. Shanks, 10 Portland. Henry B. Sayler, Huntington. Jasper Packard, Laporte. William Williams, Warsaw. Godlove S. Orth, La Fayette. 1 Died February 5, 1875. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of William A. Buckingham, and took his seat February 13, 1875; subsequently elected. a Resigned February 16, 1875. 4 Served until March 24, 1874; succeeded by Andrew Sloan, who contested his election. 5 Successfully contested the election of Morgan Rawls, and took his seat March 24, 1874. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by M. Bethune. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of Ambrose R. Wright (December 21, 1872), before the beginning of the Con- gress, and took his seat December 1, 1873. Died December 16, 1874. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John B, Rice, and took his seat February 1, 1875. 10 Election unsuccessfully contested by John E. Neff. FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 267 IOWA. SENATORS. George G. Wright, Des Moines. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. McCrary, Keokuk. Aylett R. Cotton, Lyons. William G. Donnan, Independence. Henry O. Pratt, Charles City. James Wilson, Traer. William B. Allison, Dubuque. William Loughridge, Oskaloosa. John A. Kasson, Des Moines. James W. McDill, Afton. Jackson Orr, Boone. KANSAS. SENATORS. Alexander Caldwell, 1 Leavenworth. Robert Crozier, 2 Leavenworth. James M. Harvey, 3 Vinton. REPRESENTATIVES. David P. Lowe, Fort Scott. Stephen A. Cobb, Wyandotte. KENTUCKY. John J. Ingalls, Atchison. William A. Phillips, Salina. SENATORS. John W. Stevenson, Covington. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward Crossland, Mayfield. John Y. Brown, Henderson. Charles W. Milliken, Franklin. William B. Read, Hodgensville. Elisha D. Stand eford, Louisville. Thomas C. McCreery, Owensboro. William E. Arthur, Covington. James B. Beck, Lexington. Milton J. Durham, Danville. George M. Adams, Barbourville. John D. Young, 4 Owingsville. LOUISIANA. J. Rodman West, New Orleans. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Hale Sypher, 6 New Orleans. Effingham Lawrence, 7 New Orleans. Lionel A. Sheldon, 8 New Orleans. Chester B. Darrall, Brashear. MAINE. Vacant. 5 George L. Smith, 9 Shreveport. Frank Morey, Monroe. George A. Sheridan, 10 Lake Providence. SENATORS. Hannibal Hamlin, Bangor. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Burleigh, South Berwick. William P. Frye, Lewiston. James G. Elaine, Augusta. MARYLAND. Lot M. Morrill, Augusta. Samuel F. Hersey, 11 Bangor. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. SENATORS. William T. Hamilton, Hagerstown. REPRESENTATIVES. Ephraim K. Wilson, Snow Hill. Stevenson Archer, Bel Air. William J. O'Brien, Baltimore. George R. Dennis, Kingston. Thomas Swann, Baltimore. William J. Albert, Baltimore. Lloyd Lowndes, jr., Cumberland. 1 Resigned March 24, 1873, while a resolution was pending and under discussion declaring he " was not duly and legally elected." 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Alex- ander Caldwell, and took his seat December 1, 1873. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Alexander Caldwell, and took his seat February 12, 1874. Election unsuccessfully contested by John M. Burns. * Pinckney B. S. Pinchback and William L. McMillen were claimants for the seat and the contest continued throughout the session without settlement. Served until March 3, 1875; succeeded, by Effingham Law- rence, who contested his election. 7 Successfully contested the election of J. Hale Sypher, and took his seat March 3, 1875. s Election unsuccessfully contested by Randall L. Gibson; took his seat December 2, 1873. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Samuel Peters, who never qualified, and took his seat December 3, 1873; election unsuccessfully contested by E. C. Davidson. 10 Election contested by Pinckney B. S. Pinchback; new election ordered and Sheridan was seated March 3, 1875. 11 Died February 3, 1875. 268 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Charles Sumner, 1 Boston. William B. Washburn, 2 Greenfield. REPRESENTATIVES. James Buffinton, Fall River. Benjamin W. Harris, East Bridgewater. William Whiting, 4 Boston. Henry L. Pierce, 5 Boston. Samuel Hooper, 6 Boston. Daniel W. Gooch, Melrose. Benjamin F. Butler, Lowell. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Zaohariah Chandler, Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. Moses W. Field, Detroit. Henry Waldron, Hillsdale. George Willard, Battle Creek. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. Wilder D. Foster, 9 Grand Rapids. MINNESOTA. George S. Boutwell, 3 Groton. E. Rockwood Hoar, Concord. John M. S. Williams, Cambridge. George F. Hoar, Worcester. Alvah Crocker, 7 Fitchburg. Charles A. Stevens, 8 Ware. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. Thomas W. Ferry, Grand Haven. William B. Williams, 10 Allegan. Josiah W. Begole, Flint. Omar D. Conger, Port Huron. Nathan B. Bradley, Bay City. Jay A. Hubbell, Houghton. SENATORS. Alexander Ramsey, St. Paul. William Windom, Winona. ' * '.'. REPRESENTATIVES. Mark H. Dunnell, Owatonna. Horace B. Strait, Shakopee. John T. Averill, St. Paul. MISSISSIPPI. Adelbert Ames, 11 Natchez. Henry R. Pease, 12 Jackson. Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Oxford. Albert R. Howe, Sardis. Henry W. Barry, Columbus. Carl Schurz, St. Louis. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MISSOURI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Edwin O. Stanard, St. Louis. Erastus Wells, St. Louis. William H. Stone, St. Louis. Robert A. Hatcher, New Madrid. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. Harrison E. Havens, Springfield. Thomas T. Crittenden, Warrensburg. James L. Alcorn, Friar's Point. Jason Niles, Kosciusko. George C. McKee, Vicksburg. John R. Lynch, Natchez. Lewis V. Bogy, St. Louis. Abram Comingo, Independence. Isaac C. Parker, St. Joseph. Ira B. Hyde, Princeton. John B. Clark, jr., Fayette. John M. Glover, La Grange. Aylett H. Buckner, Mexico. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Thomas W. Tipton, Brownsville. Phineas \V. Hitchcock, Omaha. REPRESENTATIVE . Lorenzo Crounse, Fort Calhoun. 1 Died March 11, 1874. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles Sumner, and took his seat May 1, 1874. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry Wilson, in preceding Congress, and took his seat March 17, 1873. * Died June 29, 1873. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Whiting, prior to the beginning of the Congress, and took his seat December 1, 1873. Died February 13, 1875. * Died December 26, 1874. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Alvah Crocker, and took his seat January 27, 1875. * Died September 20, 1873. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Wilder D. Foster, and took his seat December 1, 1873. 11 Resigned in January, 1874, having been elected governor of Mississippi. 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Adelbert Ames, and took his seat February 12, 1874. FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS. NEVADA. SENATORS. William M. Stewart, Virginia City. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. REPRESENTATIVE. Charles W. Kendall, Hamilton. 269 NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. Bainbridge Wadleigh, Milford. REPRESENTATIVES. Hosea W. Parker, Claremont. William B. Small, New Market. Austin F. Pike, Franklin. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John P. Stockton, Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. John W. Hazleton, Mullica Hill. Samuel A. Dobbins, Mount Holly. Amos Clark, jr., Elizabeth. Robert Hamilton, Newton. Roscoe Conkling, Utica. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry J. Scudder, New York. John G. Schumaker, Brooklyn. Stewart L. Woodford, 1 Brooklyn. Simeon B. Chittenden, 2 Brooklyn. Philip S. Crooke, Flatbush. William R. Roberts, New York. James Brooks, 3 New York. Samuel S. Cox, 4 New York. Thomas J. Creamer, New York. John D. Lawson, New York. David B. Mellish, 5 New York. Richard Schell, 6 New York. Fernando Wood, New York. Clarkson N. Potter, New Rpchelle. Charles St. John, Port Jervis. John O. Whitehouse, Poughkeepsie. David M. De Witt, Kingston. Eli Perry, Albany. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, Newark. William W. Phelps, Englewood. Marcus L. Ward, Newark. Isaac W. Scudder, Jersey City. Reuben E. Fen ton, Jamestown. James S. Smart, Cambridge. Robert S. Hale, Elizabethtown. William A. Wheeler, Malone. Henry H. Hathorn, Saratoga Springs. David Wilber, Milford. Clinton L. Merriam. Locust Grove. Ellis H. Roberts, Utica. William E. Lansing, Chittenango. R. Holland Duell, Cortland. Clinton D. MacDougall, Auburn. William H. Lamport, Canandaigua. Thomas C. Platt, Owego. H. Boardman Smith, Elmira. Freeman Clarke, Rochester. George G. Hoskins, Attica. Lyman K. Bass, Buffalo. Walter L. Sessions, Panama. Lyman Tremain, Albany. NORTH CAROLINA. Matt W. Ransom, Weldon. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Clinton L. Cobb, Elizabeth City. Charles R. Thomas, Newbern. Alfred M. Waddell, Wilmington. William A. Smith, Princeton. Augustus S. Merrimon, Raleigh. James M. Leach, Lexington. Thomas S. Ashe, Wadesboro. William M. Robbins, Statesville. Robert B. Vance, Asheville. i Resigned July 1, 1874. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Stewart L. Woodford, and took his seat December 7, 1874. Died April 30, 1873. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Brooks, and took his seat December 1/1873. & Died May 23, 1874. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of David B. Mel- lish, and took his seat December 7, 1874. 270 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John Sherman, Mansfield. OHIO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Milton Sayler, Cincinnati. Henry B. Banning, Cincinnati. John Q. Smith, Oakland. Lewis B. Gunckel, Dayton. Charles N. Lamison, Lima. Isaac R. Sherwood, Bryan. Lawrence T. Neal, Chillicothe. William Lawrence, Bellefontaine. James W. Robinson, Marysville. Charles Foster, Fostoria. Hezekiah S. Bundy, Wellston. Allen G. Thurman, Columbus. Hugh J. Jewett, 1 Columbus. William E. Finck, 2 Somerset. Milton I. Southard, Zanesville. John Berry, Upper Sandusky. William P. Sprague, McConnellsville. Lorenzo Danford, St. Clairsville. Laurin D. Wood worth, Youngstown. James Monroe, Oberlin. James A. Garfield, Hiram. Richard C. Parsons, Cleveland. OREGON. SENATORS. James K. Kelly, Portland. John H. Mitchell, Portland. REPRESENTATIVE. James W. Nesmith, 3 Ricreal. PENNSYLVANIA. Simon Cameron, Harrisburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. Leonard Myers, Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, German town. James S. Biery, Allentown. Washington Townsend, West Chester. Hiester Clymer, Reading. A. Herr Smith, Lancaster. John W. Killinger, Lebanon. John B. Storm, Stroudsburg. Lazarus D. Shoemaker, Wilkes-Barre. James D. Strawbridge, Danville. John B. Packer, Sunbury. John Scott, Huntingdon. John A. Magee, New Bloomfield. John Cessna, Bedford. R. Milton Speer. Huntingdon. Sobieski Ross, Coudersport. Carlton B. Curtis, Erie. Hiram L. Richmond, Meadville. Alexander W. Taylor, Indiana. James S. Negley, Pittsburgh. Ebenezer McJunkin, 4 Butler. John M. Thompson, 5 Butler. William S. Moore, Washington. Lemuel Todd, Carlisle. Glenni W. Scofield, Warren. Charles Albright, Mauch Chunk. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. William Sprague, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin T. Eames, Providence. James M. Pendleton, Westerly. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Thomas J. Robertson, Columbia. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph H. Rainey, Georgetown. Alonzo J. Ransier, Charleston. Robert B. Elliott, 6 Columbia. John J. Patterson, Columbia. Lewis C. Carpenter, 7 Columbia. Alexander S. Wallace, Yorkville. Richard H. Cain, Columbia. 1 Resigned June 23, 1874. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Hugh J. Jewett, and took his seat December 7, 1874. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of J. G. Wilson, in 1873, having never taken his seat. < Resigned January 1, 1875. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ebenezer McJunkin, and took his seat January. 5 1875. 6 Resigned in November, 1874. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert B. Elliott, and took his seat December 7, 1874. FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 271 TENNESSEE. SENATORS. William G. Brownlow, Knoxville. REPRESENTATIVES. Roderick R. Butler, Taylorsville. Jacob M. Thornburgh, Knoxville. William Crutchfield, Chattanooga, John M. Bright, Fayetteville. Horace H. Harrison, Nashville. TEXAS. SENATORS. James W. Flanagan, Flanagans Mills. Henry Cooper, Nashville. Washington C. Whitthorne, Columbia. John D. C. Atkins, Paris. David A. Nunn, Brownsville. Barbour Lewis, Memphis. Horace Maynard, Knoxville. Morgan C. Hamilton, Austin. REPRESENTATIVES. William S. Herndon, Tyler. William P. McLean, Mount Pleasant. De Witt C. Giddings, Brenham. John Hancock, Austin. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. Asa H. Willie, Galveston. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Hendee, Morrisville. Charles W. Willard, Montpelier. Luke P. Poland, St. Johnsbury. John W. Johnston, Abingdon. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James B. Sener, Fredericksburg. James H. Platt, jr., Norfolk. J. Ambler Smith, Richmond. William H. H. Stowell, Burkeville. Alexander M. Davis, 1 Independence. John F. Lewis, Port Republic. Christopher Y. Thomas, 2 Martinsville. Thomas Whitehead, Amherst. John T. Harris, Harrisonburg. Eppa Hunton, Warrenton. Rees T. Bowen, Maiden Spring. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Arthur I. Boreman, Parkersburg. REPRESENTATIVES. John J. Davis, 3 Clarksburg. John M. Hagans, 4 Morgantown. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Timothy O. Howe, Green Bay. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles G. Williams, Janesville. Gerry W. Hazelton, Columbus. J. Allen Barber, Lancaster. Alexander Mitchell, Milwaukee. Henry G. Davis, Piedmont. Frank Hereford, Union. Matthew H. Carpenter, Milwaukee. Charles A. Eldridge, Fond du Lac. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. Jeremiah M. Rusk, Viroqua. Alexander S. McDill, Plover. 1 Served until March 5, 1874; succeeded by Christopher Y. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Benjamin Wilson Thomas, who contested his election. took his seat January 27, 1874. 2 Successfully contested the election of Alexander M. Davis, 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by Benjamin F. Martin and took his seat March 5, 1874. took his seat January 27, 1874. 272 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Richard C. McCormick, Tucson. TERRITORY OF COLORADO. DELEGATE. Jerome B. Chaffee, Denver. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. DELEGATE. Moses K. Armstrong, Yankton. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 1 DELEGATE. Norton P. Chipman, Washington. 2 TERRITORY OF IDAHO. DELEGATE. John Hailey, Boise City. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. DELEGATE. Martin Maginnis, Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Stephen B. Elkins, Santa Fe. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. George Q. Cannon, 3 Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Obadiah B. McFadden, Olympia. TERRITORY OF WYOMING. DELEGATE. William R. Steele, Cheyenne. i Territorial form of government withdrawn and a govern- 2 Served until June 20, 1874. when the territorial form of ment administered by a board of three commissioners, ap- government for the District of Columbia was superceded by pointed by the President, by and with the advice and con- a commission form of government, sent of the Senate, established by Act of June 20, 1874. s Election unsuccessfully contested by George R. Maxwell. FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1875, TO MARCH 3, 1877. FIRST SESSION December 6. 1875, to August 15, 1876. SECOND SESSION December 4, 1876, to March 3, 1877. SPECIAL SESSION OP THE SENATE March 5, 1875, to March 24, 1875. VICE PRESIDENT W. Ferry, 2 of Michigan. PEESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPOEE Thomas SECRETARY OF THE SENATE George C. Gorham, of California. SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE Michael C. Kerr, 3 of Indiana; Samuel J. Randall, 4 of Pennsyl- vania. CLERK OF THE HOUSE George M. Adams, 5 of Kentucky. George E. Spencer, Decatur. ALABAMA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Jere Ilaralson, 6 Selma. Jeremiah N. Williams, Clayton. Taul Bradford, Talladega. Charles Hays, Haysville. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Powell Clayton, Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucien C. Gause, Jacksonport. William F. Slemons, Monticello. George Goldthwaite, Montgomery. John H. Caldwell, Jacksonville. Goldsmith W. Hewitt, Birmingham. William H. Forney, Jacksonville. Burwell B. Lewis, Tuscaloosa. Stephen W. Dorsey, Helena. William W. Wilshire, Little Rock. Thomas M. Gunter, Favetteville. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Aaron A. Sargent, Nevada City. Newton Booth, Sacramento. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Piper, San Francisco. Horace Francis Page, Placerville. John K. Luttrell, Santa Rosa. Peter D. Wigginton, Merced. COLORADO. 7 SENATORS. Jerome B. Chaffee, 8 Denver. Henry M. Teller, 9 Central City. REPRESENTATIVE. James B. Belford, 10 Central City. i Vice President Henry Wilson died in preceding Congress. * Elected March 9, 1875; March 19, 1875 (special session of the Senate); December 20, 1875. *Died August 19, 1876. * Elected December 4, 1876. * Elected December 6, 1875. Election unsuccessfully contested by Frederick G. Brom- berg. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2- -18 7 Admitted as a State into the Union August 1, 1876. 8 Took his seat December 1 4, 1876; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1879. 9 Took his seat December 4, 1876; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1877. 10 Took his seat January 31, 1877. 273 274 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. William W. Eaton, Hartford. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orris S. Ferry, 1 Norwalk. James E. English, 2 New Haven. William H. Barnum, 3 Lime Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. George M. Landers, New Britain. John Turner Wait, 5 Norwich. James Phelps, Essex. Henry H. Starkweather, 4 Norwich. William H. Barnum, 6 Lime Rock. Levi Warner, 7 Norwalk. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas F. Bayard, Wilmington. Eli Saulsbury, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE . James Williams, Kenton, FLORIDA. SENATORS. Simon B. Conover, Tallahassee. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Purman, Tallahassee. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Thomas M. Norwood, Savannah. REPRESENTATIVES. Julian Hartridge, Savannah. William E. Smith, Albany. Philip Cook, Americus. Henry R. Harris, Greenville. Milton A. Candler, Atlanta. John A. Logan, Chicago. ILLINOIS SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Bernard G. Caulfield, Chicago. Carter H. Harrison, Chicago. Charles B. Far well, 11 Chicago. John V. Le Moyne, 12 Chicago. Stephen A. Hurlbut, Belvidere. Horatio C. Burchard, Freeport. Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton Alexander Campbell, LaSalle. Greenbury L. Fort, Lacon. Richard H. Whiting, Peoria. INDIANA. SENATORS. Oliver P. Morton, Indianapolis. REPRESENTATI 1 Benoni S. Fuller. Boonville. James D. Williams, 13 Wheatland. Andrew Humphreys, 14 Linton. Michael C. Kerr, 15 New Albany Nathan T. Carr, 16 Columbus. Jeptha D. New, Vernon. William S. Holman, Aurora. Milton S. Robinson, Anderson. Charles W. Jones, Pensacola. Josiah T. Walls, 8 Gainesville. Jesse J. Finley, 9 Jacksonville. John B. Gordon, Atlanta. James H. Blount, Macon. William H. Felton, Cartersville. Alexander H. Stephens, Crawfordsville. Benjamin H. Hill, 10 Atlanta. Richard J. Oglesby, Decatur. John C. Bagby, Rushville. Scott Wike, Pittsfield. William M. Springer, Springfield. Adlai E. Stevenson, Bloomington. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. John R. Eden, Sullivan. William A. J. Sparks, Carlyle. William R. Morrison, Waterloo. William Hartzell, Chester. William B. Anderson, Elk Prairie. Joseph E. McDonald, Indianapolis. Franklin Landers, Indianapolis. Morton C. Hunter, Bloomington. Thomas J. Cason, Lebanon. _ William S. Haymond, Monticello. James L. Evans, Noblesville. Andrew H. Hamilton, Fort Wayne. John H. Baker, Goshen. J Died November 21, 1875. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Orris S. Ferry, and took his seat December 7, 1875. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Orris S. Ferry, and took his seat May 22, 1876. < Died January 28, 1876. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry H. Stark- weather, and took his seat April 12, 1876. 6 Resigned May 12, 1876, having been elected Senator. i Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William H. Barnum, and took his seat December 4, 1876. 8 Served until April 19, 1876; suceeeeded by Jesse J. Finley, who contested his election. 9 Successfully contested the election of Josiah T. Walls, and took his seat April 19, 1876. w Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Garnett McMillan before the convening of the Congress. 11 Served until May 6, 1876; succeeded by John V. Le Moyne, who contested his election. 12 Successfully contested the election of Charles B. Farwell, and took his seat May 6, 1876. 13 Resigned December 1, 1876, having been elected governor of Indiana. n Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James D. Williams, and took his seat December 5, 1876. 15 Died August 19 ; 1876. 16 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Michael C. Kerr, and took his seat December 5, 1876. FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 275 William B. Allison, Dubuque. IOWA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . George W. McCrary, Keokuk. John Q. Tufts, Wilton Junction. Lucien L. Ainsworth, West Union. Henry O. Pratt, Charles City. James Wilson, Traer. John J. Ingalls, Atchison. William A. Phillips, Salina. John R. Goodin, Humboldt. KANSAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. John W. Stevenson, Covington. REPRESENTATIVES . Andrew R. Boone, Mayfield. John Y. Brown, Henderson. Charles W. Milliken, Franklin. J. Proctor Knott, Lebanon. Edward Y. Parsons, 1 Louisville. Henry Watterson, 2 Louisville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. J. Rodman West, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Randall L. Gibson, New Orleans. E. John Ellis, New Orleans. Chester B. Darrall, 4 Brashear. William M. Levy, Natchitoches. Hannibal Hamlin, Bangor. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Burleigh, South Berwick. William P. Frye, Lewiston. James G. Elaine, 9 Augusta. MARYLAND. SENATORS. George R. Dennis, Kingston. REPRESENTATIVES . Philip F. Thomas, Easton. Charles B. Roberts, Westminster. William J. O'Brien, Baltimore. George G. Wright, Des Moinea. Ezekiel S. Sampson, Sigpurney. John A. Kasson, Des Moines. James Wilson McDill, Afton. Addison Oliver, Onawa. James M. Harvey, Vinton. William R. Brown, Hutchinson. Thomas C. McCreery, Owensboro. Thomas L. Jones, Newport. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. Milton J. Durham, Danville. John D. White, Manchester. John B. Clarke, Brooksville. James B. Eustis, 3 New Orleans. Frank Morey, 5 Monroe. William B. Spencer, 6 Vidalia. Charles E. Nash, Washington. Lot M. Morrill, 7 Augusta. James G. Elaine, 8 Augusta. Edwin Flye, 10 New Castle. Harris M. Plaisted, Bangor. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. William Pinkney Whyte, Baltimore. Thomas Swann, Baltimore. Eli J. Henkle, Brooklyn. William Walsh, Cumberland. 1 Died July 8, 1876. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Edward Y. Par- sons, and took his seat August 12, 1876. 3 While it is true that Mr. Eustis and no other claimant occupied this seat during the Forty-fourth Congress, when the rights of Mr. Eustis were finally determined, December 10, 1877 (in the succeeding Congress), his term of service was held to have commenced January 12, 1876 the day upon which his credentials were signed and he was allowed com- pensation from that date; he actually took his seat December 10, 1877. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by J. A. Breux. & Served until June 8, 1876; succeeded by William B. Spen- cer, who contested his election. 6 Successfully contested the election of Frank Morey , and took his seat June 8, 1876; resigned January 8, 1877. 7 Resigned July 7, 1876, having been appointed Secretary of the Treasury. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Lot M. Morrill, and took his seat December 4, 1876; subsequently elected. s Resigned July 10, 1876. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James G. Elaine, and took his seat December 4, 1876. 276 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. MASSACHUSETTS. George S. Boutwell, Groton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . James Buffinton, 1 Fall River. William W. Crapo, 2 New Bedford. Benjamin W. Harris, East Bridgewater. Henry L. Pierce, Boston. Rufus S. Frost, 3 Chelsea. Josiah G. Abbott, 4 Boston. Nathaniel P. Banks, Waltham. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Thomas W. Ferry, Grand Haven. REPRESENTATIVES. Alpheus S. Williams, Detroit. Henry Waldron, Hillsdale. George Willard, Battle Creek. Allen Potter, Kalamazoo. William B. Williams, Allegan. William Windom, Winona. Mark H. Dunnell, Owatonna. Horace B. Strait, 6 Shakopee. James L. Alcorn, Friars Point. Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Oxford. G. Wiley Wells, Holly Springs. Hernando D. Money, Winona. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . MISSOURI, SENATORS. Lewis V. Bogy, St. Louis. REPRESENTATIVES . Edward C. Kehr, St. Louis. Erastus Wells, St. Louis. William H. Stone, St. Louis. Robert A. Hatcher, New Madrid. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. Charles H. Morgan, Lamar. John F. Philips, Sedalia. NEBRASKA. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. Charles P. Thompson, Gloucester. John K. Tarbox, Lawrence. William W. Warren, Boston. George F. Hoar, Worcester. Julius H. Seelye, Amherst. Chester W. Chapin, Springfield. Isaac P. Christiancy, Lansing. George H. Durand, Flint. Omar D. Conger, Port Huron. Nathan B. Bradley, Bay City. Jay A. Hubbell, Houghton. Samuel J. R. McMillan, St. Paul. William S. King, Minneapolis. Blanche K. Bruce, Floreyville. Otho R. Singleton, Canton. Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. John R. Lynch, Natchez. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. Benjamin J. Franklin, Kansas City. David Rea, Savannah. Rezin A. De Bolt, Trenton. John B. Clark, jr., Fayette. John M. Glover, La Grange. Aylett H. Buckner, Mexico. SENATORS. Phineas W. Hitchcock, Omaha. Algernon S. Paddock, Beatrice. REPRESENTATIVE. Lorenzo Crounse, Fort Calhoun. NEVADA. . SENATORS. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. William Sharon, Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. William Woodburn, Virginia City. i Died March 7, 1875, before the convening of Congress. a Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Bufflnton, and took his seat December 6, 1875. s Served until July 28, 1876; succeeded by Josiah G. Abbott, who contested his election. 4 Successfully contested the election of Rufus S. Frost, ana took his seat July 28, 1876. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by E. St. Julien Cox. FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 277 NEW HAMPSHIRE . SENATORS. Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. Bainbridge Wadleigh, Milford. REPRESENTATIVES. Frank Jones, Portsmouth. Samuel N. Bell, Manchester. Henry W. Blair, Plymouth. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, Newark. Theodore F. Randolph, Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. Clement H. Sinnickson, Salem. Samuel A. Dobbins, Mount Holly. Miles Ross, New Brunswick. Robert Hamilton, Newton. Roscoe Conkling, Utica. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry B. Metcalfe, Westfield. John G. Schumaker, Brooklyn. Simeon B. Chittenden, Brooklyn. Archibald M. Bliss, Brooklyn. Edwin R. Meade, New York. Samuel S. Cox, New York. Smith Ely, jr., 1 New York. David Dudley Field, 2 New York. Elijah Ward, New York. Fernando Wood, New York. Abram S. Hewitt, New York. Benjamin A. Willis, New York. N. Holmes Odell, White Plains. John O. Whitehouse, Poughkeepsie. George M. Beebe, Monticello. John H. Bagley, jr., Catskill. Charles H. Adams, Cohoes. Augustus W. Cutler, Morristown. Frederick H. Teese, Newark. Augustus A. Hardenbergh, Jersey City. Francis Kernan, Utica. Martin I. Townsend, Troy. Andrew Williams, Plattsburg. William A. Wheeler, Malone. Henry H. Hathorn, Saratoga Springs. Samuel F. Miller, North Franklin. George A. Bagley, Watertown. Scott Lord, Utica. William H. Baker, Constantia. Elias W. Leavenworth, Syracuse. Clinton D. MacDougall, Auburn. Elbridge G. Lapham, Canandaigua. Thomas C. Platt, Owego. Charles C. B. Walker, Corning. John M. Davy, Rochester. George G. Hoskins, Attica. Lyman K. Bass, Buffalo. Nelson I. Norton, 3 Hinsdale. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Matt W. Ransom, Weldon. REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse J. Yeates, Murfreesboro. John A. Hyman, Warrenton. Alfred M. Waddell, Wilmington. Joseph J. Davis, Louisburg. John Sherman, Mansfield. OHIO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Milton Sayler, Cincinnati. Henry B. Banning, Cincinnati. John S. Savage, Wilmington. John A. McMahon, Dayton. Americus V. Rice, Ottawa. Frank H. Hurd, Toledo. Lawrence T. Neal, Chillicothe. William Lawrence, Bellefontaine. Early F. Poppleton, Delaware. Charles Foster, Fostoria. Augustus S. Merrimon, Raleigh. Alfred M. Scales, Greensboro. Thomas S. Ashe, Wadesboro. William M. Robbins, Statesville. Robert B. Vance, Asheville. Allen G. Thurman, Columbus. John L. Vance, Gallipolis. Ansel T. Walling, Circleville. Milton I. Southard, Zanesville. Jacob P. Cowan, Ashland. Nelson H. Van Vorhes, Athens. Lorenzo Danford, St. Clairsville. Laurin D. Wood worth, Youngstown. James Monroe, Oberlin. James A. Garfield, Hiram. Henry B. Payne, Cleveland. 1 Resigned December 11, 1876, having been elected mayor of New York City. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Smith Ely, jr., and took his seat January 11, 1877. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Augustus F. Allen (3 anuary 22, 1875) in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 6, 1875. 278 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. OREGON. SENATORS. James K. Kelly, Portland. John H. Mitchell, Portland. REPRESENTATIVES. George A. La Dow, 1 Pendleton. La Fayette Lane, 2 Roseburg. PENNSYLVANIA. Simon Cameron, Harrisburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Chapman Freeman, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. John Robbins, Philadelphia. Washington Townsend, West Chester. Alan Wood, jr., Conshohocken. Hiester Clymer, Reading. A. Herr Smith, Lancaster. William Mutchler, Easton. Francis D. Collins, Scranton. Winthrop W. Ketchum, 3 Wilkes-Barre. William H. Stanton, 4 Scranton. James B. Reilly, Pottsville. William A. Wallace, Clearfield. John B. Packer, Sunbury. Joseph Powell, Towanda. Sobieski Ross, Coudersport. John Reilly, Altoona. William S. Stenger, Chambersburg. Levi Maish, York. Levi A. Mackey, Lockhaven. Jacob Turney, Greensburg, James H. Hopkins, Pittsburgh. Alexander G. Cochrane, Allegheny City. John W. Wallace, New Castle. George A. Jenks, Brookville. James Sheakley, Greenville. Albert G. Egbert, Franklin. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. Ambrose E. Burnside, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin T. Eames, Providence. Latimer W. Ballou, Woonsocket. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Thomas J. Robertson, Columbia. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph H. Rainey, 5 Georgetown. Edmund W. M. Mackey, 6 Charleston. Charles W. Buttz, 7 Charleston. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. Henry Cooper, Nashville. REPRESENTATIVES. William McFarland, Morristown. Jacob M. Thornburgh, Knoxville. George G. Dibrell, Sparta. John W. Head, 11 Gallatin. Samuel M. Fite, 12 Carthage. Hay wood Y. Riddle, 13 Lebanon. John M. Bright, Fayetteville. John J. Patterson, Charleston. Solomon L. Hoge, Columbia. Alexander S. Wallace, Yorkville. Robert Smalls, Beaufort. Andrew Johnson, 8 Greenville. David M. Key, 9 Chattanooga. James E. Bailey, 10 Clarksville. John F. House, Clarksville. Washington C. Whitthorne, Columbia. John D. C. Atkins, Paris. William P. Caldwell, Gardner. Casey Young, Memphis. 1 Died May 8, 1875, before the convening of the Congress. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George A. La Dow, and took his seat December 6, 1875. 3 Resigned July 19, 1876. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Winthrop W. Ketchum, and took his seat December, 4, 1876. B Election unsuccessfully contested by Samuel Lee. 6 Election contested by Charles W. Buttz; seat declared vacant by resolution of July 19, 1876. i Contested the election of Edmund W. M. Mackey; by resolution July 19, 1876, House declared neither contestant nor contestee duly elected and the seat to be vacant; subse- quently elected, and took his seat January 23, 1877. 8 Died July 31, 1875. Appointed to fill vacancy caused bydeath of Andrew John- son, and took his seat December 6, 1875. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Andrew Johnson, and took his seat January 29, 1877. 11 Died May 3, 1875, be'fore the convening of the Congress. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death, of John W. Head; died October 23, 1875, before the convening of Congress. 13 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Samuel M. Fite, and took his seat January 5, 1876. FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 279 TEXAS. SENATORS. Morgan C. Hamilton, Austin. Samuel B. Maxey, Paris. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Reagan, Palestine. David B. Culberson, Jefferson. James W. Throckmorton, McKinney. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. John Hancock, Austin. Gustave Schleicher, Cuero. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles H. Joyce, Rutland. George W. Hendee, Morrisville. Dudley C. Denison, Royalton. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John W. Johnston, Abingdon. Robert E. Withers, Wytheville. REPRESENTATIVES. Beverly B. Douglas, Ayletts. John Goode, jr./ Norfolk. Gilbert C. Walker, Richmond. William H. H. Stowell, Burkeville. George C. Cabell, Danville. John R. Tucker, Lexington. John T. Harris, Harrisonburg. Eppa Hun ton, Warrenton. William Terry, Wytheville. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Henry G. Davis, Piedmont. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Wilson, Wilsonburg. Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. Allen T. Caperton, 2 Union. Samuel Price, 3 Lewisburg. Frank Hereford, 4 Union. Frank Hereford, 5 Union. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Timothy O. Howe, Green Bay. Angus Cameron, La Crosse. REPRESENTATIVES Charles G. Williams, Janesville. Lucien B. Caswell, Fort Atkinson. Henry S. Magoon, Darlington. William P. Lynde, Milwaukee. Samuel D. Burchard, Beaver Dam. Alanson M. Kimball, Pjne River. Jeremiah M. Rusk, Viroqua. George W. Gate, Stevens Point. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Hiram S. Stevens, Tucson. TERRITORY OF COLORADO. 6 DELEGATE. Thomas M. Patterson, Denver. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. DELEGATE. Jefferson P. Kidder, Vermilion. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by James H. Platt, jr. 2 Died July 26, 1876. 3 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Allen T. Caperton, and took his seat December 4, 1876. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Allen T. Caperton and took his seat January 31 , 1877. 6 Resigned January 31, 1877, having been elected Senator. 6 Elevated to statehood August 1, 1876. 280 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. TERRITORY OF IDAHO. DELEGATES. Thomas W. Bennett, 1 Boise City. Stephen S. Fenn, 2 Mount Idaho. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. DELEGATE. Martin Maginnis, Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Stephen B. Elkins, Santa F6. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. George Q. Cannon, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Orange Jacobs, Seattle. TERRITORY OF WYOMING. DELEGATE. William R. Steele, Cheyenne. > Served until June 23, 1876; succeeded by Stephen S. Fenn, Successfully contested the election of Thomas W. Bennett, who contested his election. and took his seat June 23, 1876. FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1877, TO MARCH 3, 1879. FIRST SESSION October 15, 1877, to December 3, 1877. SECOND SESSION Decem- ber 3, 1877, to June 20, 1878. THIRD SESSION December 2, 1878, to March 3, 1879. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 5, 1877, to March 17, 1877. VICE PRESIDENT William A. Wheeler, of New York. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PEG TEMPORE Thomas W. Ferry, 1 of Michigan. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE George C. Gorham, of California. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Samuel J. Randall, 2 of Pennsylvania. CLERK OF THE HOUSE George M. Adams, of Kentucky. ALABAMA. George E. Spencei, Pecatur. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James T. Jones, Demopolis. Hilary A. Herbert, Montgomery. Jeremiah N. Williams, Clayton. Charles M. Shelley, Selma. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Stephen W. Dorsey, Helena. John T. Morgan, Selma. Robert F. Ligon, Tuskegee. Goldsmith W. Hewitt, Birmingham. William H. Forney, Jacksonville. William W. Garth, Huntsville. Augustus H. Garland, Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. I' ' Lucien C. Gause, Jacksonport. Jordan E. Cravens, Clarksville. William F. Siemens, Monticello. Thomas M. Gunter, Fayetteville. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Aaron A. Sargent, Nevada City. REPRESENTATIVES. Horace Davis, San Francisco. Horace F. Page, Placerville. John K. Luttrell, Santa Rosa. Newton Booth, Sacramento. Romualdo Pacheco, 3 San Luis Obispo. Peter D. Wigginton, 4 Merced. COLORADO. SENATORS. Jerome B. Chaffee, Denver. Henry M. Teller, Central City. REPRESENTATIVES. James B. Belford, 5 Central City. Thomas M. Patterson, 6 Denver. 1 Elected March 5, 1877 (special session); February 26, 1878; & Served until December 13, 1877; succeeded by Thomas M. April 17, 1878; and March 3, 1879. Patterson, who contested his election. 2 Elected October 15, 1877. 6 Successfully contested the election of James B. Belford = Served until February 7, 1878; succeeded by Peter D. and took his seat December 13, 1877. Wigginton, who contested his election. < Successfully contested the election of Romualdo Pacheco, End took his seat February 7, 1878. 281 282 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. William W. Eaton, Hartford. William H. Barnum, Lime Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. George M. Landers, New Britain. James Phelps, Essex. John T. Wait, Norwich. Levi Warner, Norwalk. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas F. Bayard, Wilmington. Eli Saulsbury, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. James Williams, Kenton. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Simon B. Conover, Tallahassee. Charles W. Jones, Pensacola. REPRESENTATIVES. Horatio Bisbee, 1 jr., Jacksonville. Jesse J. Finley, 2 Jacksonville. John B. Gordon, Atlanta. Julian Hartridge, 3 Savannah. William E. Smith, Albany. Philip Cook, Americus. Henry R. Harris, Greenville. Milton A. Candler, Atlanta. Richard J. Oglesby, Decatur. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Aldrich, Chicago. Carter H. Harrison, Chicago. Lorenzo Brentano, Chicago. William Lathrop, Rockford. Horatio C. Burchard, Freeport. Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton. Philip C. Hayes, Morris." Greenbury L. Fort, Lacon. Thomas A. Boyd, Lewiston. Benjamin F. Marsh, Warsaw. Robert H. M. Davidson, Quincy. Benjamin H. Hill, Atlanta. James H. Blount, Macon. William H. Felton, Cartersville. Alexander H. Stevens, Crawford ville. Hiram P. Bell, Gumming. David Davis, Bloomington. Robert M. Knapp, Jersey ville. William M. Springer, Springfield. Thomas F. Tipton, Bloomington. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. John R. Eden, Sullivan. William A. J. Sparks, Carlyle. William R. Morrison, Waterloo. William Hartzell, Chester. Richard W. Townshend, Shawneetown. INDIANA. Oliver P. Morton, 4 Indianapolis. Daniel W. Voorhees, 5 Terre Haute. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benoni S. Fuller, Boon ville. Thomas R. Cobb, Vincennes. George A. Bicknell, New Albany. Leonidas Sexton, Rushville. Thomas M. Browne, Winchester. Milton S. Robinson, Anderson. John Hanna, Indianapolis. Joseph E. McDonald, Indianapolis. Morton C. Hunter, Bloomington. Michael D. White, Crawfordsville. William H. Calkins, Laporte. James L. Evans, Noblesville. Andrew H. Hamilton, Fort Wayne. John H. Baker, Goshen. 1 Served until February 20, 1879; succeeded by Jesse J. Fin- ley, who contested his election. 2 Successfully contested the election of Horatio Bisbee, jr., and took his seat February 20, 1879. s Died January 8, 1879. * Died November 1, 1877. 5 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Oliver P. Morton, and took his seat November 12, 1877; subsequently elected. FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. IOWA. 283 SENATORS. William B. Allison, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph C. Stone, Burlington. Hiram Price, Davenport, Theodore W. Burdick, Decorah. Nathaniel C. Deering, Osage. Rush Clark, Iowa City. John J. Ingalls, Atchison. William A. Phillips, Salina. Dudley C. Haskell, Lawrence. KANSAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Thomas C. McCreery, Owensboro. REPRESENTATIVES. Andrew R. Boone, Mayfield. James A. McKenzie, Long View. John W. Caldwell, Russellville. J. Proctor Knott, Lebanon. Albert S. Willis, Louisville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. William Pitt Kellogg, 1 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Randall L. Gibson, New Orleans. E. John Ellis, New Orleans. Joseph H. Acklen, 3 Patterson ville. Joseph B. Elam, 4 Mansfield. MAINE. SENATORS. Hannibal Hamlin, Bangor. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Reed, Portland. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Stephen D. Lindsey, Norridgewock. . ^__ -H~ MARYLAND. George R. Dennis, Kingston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel M. Henry, Cambridge. Charles B. Roberts, Westminster. William Kimmel, Baltimore. Samuel J. Kirkwood, Iowa City. Ezekiel S. Sampson, Sigourney. Henry J. B. Cummings, Winterset. William F. Sapp, Council Bluffs. Addison Oliver, Onawa. Preston B. Plumb, Emporia. Thomas Ryan, Topeka. James B. Beck, Lexington. John G. Carlisle, Covington. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. Milton J. Durham, Danville. Thomas Turner, Mount Sterling. John B. Clarke, Brook ville. James B. Eustis, 2 New Orleans. John E. Leonard, 5 Monon. John S. Young, 6 Homer. Edward W. Robertson, 7 Baton Rouge. James G. Elaine, Augusta. Llewellyn Powers, Houlton. Eugene Haie, Ellsworth. William Pinkney Whyte, Baltimore. Thomas Swann, Baltimore. Eli J. Henkle, Brooklyn. William Walsh, Cumberland. 1 This seat was claimed by Henry M. Spofford; March 5, 1877 (in the special session of the Senate), Mr. Kellogg pre- sented himself to be sworn, but objection was mad3 and his credentials were ordered to lie on the table; October 17, 1877, the credentials of Mr. Spofford were presented and they, with the credentials of Mr. Kellogg, were referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections; November 26, 1877, the com- mittee reported in favor of Mr. Kellogg; the report was adopted November 30, 1877; took his seat the same day. In the succeeding Congress the case was reopened upon petition of Mr. Spofford and a report was made in his favor, but he died August 20, 1880, before action was taken. 2 In the preceding Congress the Committee on Privileges and Elections twice reported that Pinckney B. S. Pinchback was entitled to the seat upon credentials presented from two elections; the committee, after these decisions, was instructed to pass upon credentials of James B. Eustis and held that, inasmuch as Mr. Pinchback had a clear title, there was no vacancy; the Senate refused to adopt the report of the com- mittee and declared Mr. Pinchback " not entitled to the seat" by a vote of 32 to 29. March 9. 1877 (in the special session of the Senate), the credentials of Mr. Eustis were taken from the flies and again referred; the committee reported December 1, 1877, holding that the Senate's action in the case of Mr. Pinch- back was a final adjudication, and a resolution declaring Mr. Eustis entitled to his seat, his term of service to date from January 12, 18iC; this report and resolution were adopted December 10, 1877, and Mr. Eustis appeared, qualified, and took his seat the same day. s Election unsuccessfully contested by Chester B. Darrall. < Election unsuccessfully contested by George S. Smith. 5 Died March 15, 1878. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John E. Leon- ard and took his seat December 2, 1878. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by Charles E. Nash. 284 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. George F. Hoar, Worcester. REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Crapo, New Bedford. Benjamin W. Harris, East Bridgewater. Walbridge A. Field, 1 Boston. Benjamin Dean, 2 Boston. Leopold Morse, Boston. Nathaniel P. Banks, Waltham. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Thomas W. Ferry, Grand Haven. REPRESENTATIVES. Alpheus S. Williams, 5 Detroit. Edwin Willits, Monroe. Jonas H. McGpwan, Coldwater. Edwin W. Keightley, Constantino. John W. Stone, Grand Rapids. MINNESOTA. William Windom, Winona. Mark H. Dunnell, Owatonna. Horace B. Strait, Shakopee. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Blanche K. Bruce, Floreyville. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry L. Muldrow, Starkville. Van H. Manning, Holly Springs. Hernando D. Money, Winona. Lewis V. Bogy, 7 St. Louis. David H. Armstrong. 8 James Shields, 9 Carrollton. MISSOURI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Anthony Ittner, St. Louis. Nathan Cole, St. Louis. Lyne S. Metcalfe, St. Louis. Robert A. Hatcher, Charleston. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. Charles H. Morgan, Lamar. Thomas T. Crittenden, Warrensburg. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Algernon S. Paddock, Beatrice. REPRESENTATIVES. Frank Welch, 10 Norfolk. George B. Loring, Salem. Benjamin F. Butler, Lowell. William Claflin, Newton. William W. Rice, Worcester. Amasa Norcross, Fitchburg. George D. Robinson, Chicopee. Isaac P. Christiancy, 3 Lansing. Zachariah Chandler, 4 Detroit. Mark S. Brewer, Pontiac. Omar D. Conger, Port Huron. Charles C. Ellsworth, Greenville. Jay A. Hubbell, Houghton. Samuel J. R. McMillan, St. Paul. Jacob H. Stewart, St. Paul. Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Oxford. Otho R. Singleton, Canton. Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. James R. Chalmers, 6 Vicksburg. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. Benjamin J. Franklin, Kansas City. David Rea, Savannah. Henry M. Pollard, Chillicothe. John B. Clark, jr., Fayette. John M. Glover, La Grange. Aylett H. Buckner, Mexico. Alvin Saunders, Omaha. Thorn as J . Maj ors , ' l Peru . Served until March 28, 1878; succeeded by Benjamin Dean, who contested his election. 2 Successfully contested the election of Walbridge A. Field, and took his seat March 28, 1878. 3 Resigned February 10, 1879. Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Isaac P. Christiancy, and took his seat February 22, 1879. Died December 20, 1878. Election unsuccessfully contested by John R. Lynch. ' Died September 20, 1877. Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Lewis V. Bogy, and took his seat October 15, 1877. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Lewis V. Bogy, and took his seat January 27, 1879. 1 Died September 4, 1878. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Frank Welch, and took his seat December 2, 1878. FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. NEVADA. 285 John P. Jones, Gold Hill. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas Wren, Eureka. William Sharon, Virginia City. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Bainbridge Wadleigh, Milford. Edward H. Rollins, Concord. REPRESENTATIVES. Frank Jones, Portsmouth. James F. Briggs, Manchester. Henry W. Blair, Plymouth. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. Theodore F. Randolph, Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. Clement H. Sinnickson, Salem. John H. Pugh, Burlington. Miles Ross, New Brunswick. Alvah A. Clark, Somerville. John R. MacPherson, Jersey City. Augustus W. Cutler. Morristown. Thomas B. Peddie, Newark. Augustus A. Hardenbergh, Jersey City. Roscoe Conkling, Utica. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James W. Covert, Flushing. William D. Veeder, Brooklyn. Simeon B. Chittenden, Brooklyn. Archibald M. Bliss, Brooklyn. Nicholas Muller, New York. Samuel S. Cox, New York. Anthony Eickhoff, New York. Anson G. McCook, New York. Fernando Wood, New York. Abram S. Hewitt, New York. Benjamin A. Willis, New York. Clarkson N. Potter, New Rochelle. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. George M. Beebe, Monticello. Stephen L. Mayham, Schoharie. Terence J. Quinn, 1 Albany. John M. Bailey, 2 Albany. Francis Kernan, Utica. Martin I. Townsend, Troy. Andrew Williams, Plattsburg. Amaziah B. James, Ogdensburg. John H. Starin, Fultonville. Solomon Bundy, Oxford. George A. Bagley, Watertown. William J. "Bacon, Utica. William H. Baker, Constantia. Frank Hiscock, Syracuse. John H. Camp, Lyons. Elbridge G. Lapham, Canandaigua. Jeremiah W. Dwight, Dryden. John N. Hungerford, Corning. E. Kirke Hart, Albion. Charles B. Benedict, Attica. Daniel N. Lockwood, Buffalo. George W. Patterson, Westerfield. NORTH CAROLINA. Matt W. Ransom, Weldon. SENATORS . REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse J. Yeates, Murfreesboro. Curtis H. Brogden, Goldsboro. Alfred M. Waddell, Wilmington. Joseph J. Davis, Louisburg. Augustus S. Merrimon, Raleigh. Alfred M. Scales, Greensboro. Walter L. Steele, Rockingham. William M. Robbins, Statesville. Robert B. Vance, Asheville. i Died June 18, 1878. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Terence J. Quinn, and took his seat December 2, 1878. 286 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. OHIO. John Sherman, 1 Mansfield. Stanley Matthews, 2 Glendale. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Milton Sayler, Cincinnati. Henry B. Banning, Cincinnati. Mills Gardner, Washington. John A. McMahon, Dayton. Americus V. Rice, Ottawa. Jacob D. Cox, Toledo. Henry L. Dickey, Greenfield. J. Warren Keifer, Springfield. John S. Jones, Delaware. Charles Foster, Fostoria. Allen G. Thurman, Columbus. Henry S. Neal, Ironton. Thomas Ewing, Lancaster. Milton I. Southard, Zanesville. Ebenezer B. Finley, Bucyrus. Nelson H. Van Vorhes, Athens. Lorenzo Danford, St. Clairsville. William McKinley, jr., Canton. James Monroe, Oberlin. James A. Garfield, Mentor. Amos Townsend, Cleveland. OREGON. SENATORS. John H. Mitchell, Portland. La Fayette Grover, Salem. REPRESENTATIVE . Richard Williams, 3 Portland. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Simon Cameron, 4 Harrisburg. J. Donald Cameron, 5 Harrisburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Chapman Freeman, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. Samual J. Randall, Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, Germantown. William Ward, Chester. I. Newton Evans, Hatboro. Hiester Clymer, Reading. A. Herr Smith, Lancaster. Samuel A. Bridges, Allentown. Francis D. Collins, Scranton. Hendrick B. Wright, Wilkes-Barre. James B. Reilly, Pottsville. John W. Killinger* Philadelphia. William A. Wallace, Clearfield. Edward Oyerton, jr., Towanda. John I. Mitchell, Wellsboro. Jacob M. Campbell, Johnstown. William S. Stenger, Chambersburg. Levi Maish, York. Levi A. Mackey, Lock Haven. Jacob Turney, Greensburg. Russell Errett, Pittsburgh. Thomas M. Bayne, Allegheny. William S. Shall enberger, Rochester. Harry White, Indiana. John M. Thompson, Butler. Lewis F. Watson, Warren. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. Ambrose E. Burnside, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin T. Eames, Providence. Latimer W. Ballou, Woonsocket. SOUTH CAROLINA. John J. Patterson, Charleston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph H. Rainey, Georgetown. Richard H. Cain, Charleston. D. Wyatt Aiken, Cokesbury. Matthew C. Butler," Edgefield. John H. Evins, Spartanburg. Robert Smalls, Beaufort. > Resigned March 8, 1877, having been appointed Secretary of the Treasury. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Sher- man. nd took his seat October 16, 1877. a Election unsuccessfully contested by Samuel W. McDowell. * Resigned March 5, 1877. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Simon Cameron, and took his seat October 16, 1877. 6 David T. Corbin claimed this seat; his credentials, with those of Mr. Butler, were referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections; November 26, 1877, the committee, upon its request, was discharged from further consideration of Mr. Butler's credentials; November 30, 1877, a resolution that Mr. Butler be sworn in was agreed to by a vote of 29 to 28, the Vice- President voting to break a tie; appeared and qualified the same day. On February 4, 1879, the committee reported that Mr. Corbin was entitled to the seat, and a resolution that he be sworn; the Senate refused to consider this report, Feb- ruary 25, 1879, and on February 28, following, the Vice- Presi- dent laid before the Senate a letter from Mr. Corbin with- drawing his claim, and no further action was taken. FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 287 TENNESSEE. SENATORS. James E. Bailey, Clarksville. Isham G. Harris, Memphis. REPRESENTATIVES. James H. Randolph, Newport. John F. House, Clarksville. Jacob M. Thornburgh, Knoxville. Washington C. Whitthorne, Columbia. George G. Dibrell, Sparta. John D. C. Atkins, Paris. Haywood Y. Riddle, Lebanon. William P. Caldwell, Gardner. John M. Bright, Fayetteville. Casey Young, Memphis. TEXAS. SENATORS. Samuel B. Maxey, Paris. Richard Coke, Waco. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Reagan, Palestine. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. David B. Culberson, Jefferson. DeWitt C. Giddings, Brenham. James W. Throckmorton, McKinney. Gustave Schleicher, 1 Cuero. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles H. Joyce, Rutland. George W. Hendee, Morrisville. Dudley C. Denison, Royalton. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John W. Johnston, Abingdon. Robert E. Withers, Wytheville. REPRESENTATIVES. Beverly B. Douglas, 2 Ayletts. George C. Cabell, Danville. Richard Lee T. Beale, 3 Hague. John R. Tucker, Lexington. John Goode, jr., Norfolk. John T. Harris, Harrisonburg. Gilbert C. Walker, Richmond. Eppa Hunton, Warrenton. Joseph Jorgensen, Petersburg. Auburn L. Pridemore, Jonesville. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Henry G. Davis, Piedmont. Frank Hereford, Union. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Wilson, Wilsonburg. John E. Kenna, Kanawha. Benjamin F. Martin, Pruntytown. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Timothy O. Howe, Green Bay. Angus Cameron, La Crosse. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles G. Williams, Janesville. Edward S. Bragg, Fond du Lac. Lucien B. Caswell, Fort Atkinson. Gabriel Bouck, Oshkosh. George C. Hazelton, Boscobel. Herman L. Humphrey, Hudson. William P. Lynde, Milwaukee. Thaddeus C. Pound, Chippewa Falls. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA DELEGATE. Hiram S. Stevens, Tucson. 1 Died January 11, 1879. 'Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Beverly B. 2 Died December 22, 1878. Douglas, and took his seat February 8, 1879. 288 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. DELEGATE. Jefferson P. Kidder, Vermillion. TERRITORY OP IDAHO. DELEGATE. Stephen S. Fenn, Mount Idaho. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. DELEGATE. Martin Maginnis, Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Trinidad Romero, Las Vegas. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. George Q. Cannon, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Orange Jacobs, Seattle. TERRITORY OF WYOMING. DELEGATE. William W. Corlett, Cheyenne. FORTY- SIXTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1879, TO MARCH 3, 1881. FIRST SESSION March 18, 1879, to July 1, 1879. SECOND SESSION December 1, 1879, to June 16, 1880. THIRD SESSION December 6, 1880, to March 3, 1881. VICE PRESIDENT William A. Wheeler, of New York. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Allen G. Thurman, 1 of Ohio. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE^John C. Burch, of Tennessee. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Samuel J. Randall, of Pennsylvania. CLERK OF THE HOUSE George M. Adams, of Kentucky. ALABAMA. John T. Morgan, Selma. Thomas H. Herndon, Mobile. Hilary A. Herbert, Montgomery. William J. Samford, Opelika. Charles M. Shelley, Selma. Thomas Williams, Wetumpka. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . George S. Houston, 2 Athens. Luke Pryor, 3 Athens. James L. Pugh, 4 Eufaula. Burwell B. Lewis, 5 Tuscaloosa. Newton N. Clements, 6 Tuscaloosa. William H. Forney, Jacksonville. William M. Lowe, Huntsville. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Augustus H. Garland, Little Rock. James D. Walker, Fayetteville. REPRESENTATIVES. Poindexter Dunn, Forest City. William F. Siemens, 7 Monticello. Jordan E. Cravens, Clarksville. Thomas M. Gunter, Fayetteville. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Newton Booth, San Francisco. James T. Farley, Jackson. REPRESENTATIVES . Horace Davis, San Francisco. Campbell P. Berry, Wheatland. Horace F. Page, Placerville. Romualdo Pacheco, San Luis Obispo. COLORADO. SENATORS. Henry M. Teller, Central City. Nathaniel P. Hill, Denver. REPRESENTATIVE. James B. Belford, Central City. CONNECTICUT. William W. Eaton, Hartford. SENATORS. Orville H. Platt, West Meriden. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. John T. Wait, Norwich. James Phelps, Essex. Frederick Miles, Chapinville. 1 Elected April 15, 1879; April 7, 1880, and May 6, 1880. Resigned October 1, 1880. 2 Died December 31, 1879. e Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Burwell B. = Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of George S. Lewis, and took his seat December 8, 1880. Houston, and took his seat January 15, 1880. ^ Election unsuccessfully contested by John M. Bradley. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George S. Houston, and took his seat December 6, 1880. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2- -19 289 290 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas F. Bayard, Wilmington. Eli Saulsbury, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. Edward L. Martin, Seaford. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Charles W. Jones, Pensacola. Wilkinson Call, Jacksonville. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert H. M. Davidson, Quincy. Noble A. Hull, 1 Sanford. Horatio Bisbee, jr., 2 Jacksonville. GEORGIA. John B. Gordon, 3 Atlanta. Joseph E. Brawn, 4 Atlanta. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . John C. Nicholls, Blackshear. William E. Smith, Albany. Philip Cook, Americus. Henry Persons, Geneva. Nathaniel J. Hammond, Atlanta. David Davis, Bloomington. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Aldrich, Chicago. George R. Davis, Chicago. Hiram Barber, jr., Chicago. John C. Sherwin, Aurora. Robert M. A. Hawk, Mount Carroll. Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton. Philip C. Hayes, Morris. Greenbury L. Fort, Lacon. Thomas A. Boyd, Lewiston. Benjamin F. Marsh, Warsaw. INDIANA. SENATORS. Joseph E. Me Donald, Indianapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. William Heilman, Evansville. Thomas R. Cobb, Vincennes. George A. Bicknell, New Albany. Jeptha D. New, Vernon. Thomas M. Browne, Winchester. William R. Myers, Anderson. Gilbert De La Matyr, Indianapolis. Benjamin H. Hill, Atlanta. James H. Blount, Macon. William H. Felton, Cartersville. Alexander H. Stephens, Crawfordsville. Emory Speer, Athens. John A. Logan, Chicago. James W. Singleton, Quincy. William M. Springer, Springfield. Adlai E. Stevenson, Bloomington. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. Albert P. Forsythe, Isabel. William A. J. Sparks, Carlyle. William R. Morrison, Waterloo. John R. Thomas, Metropolis. Richard W. Townshend, Shawneetown. Daniel W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. Abraham J. Hosteller, Bedford. Godlove S. Orth, 5 La Fayette. William H. Calkins, Laporte. Calvin Cowgill, Wabash. Wai pole G. Colerick, Fort Wayne. John H. Baker, Goshen. IOWA. William B. Allison, Dubuque. Moses A. McCoid, Fairfield. Hiram Price, Davenport. Thomas Updegraff , McGregor. Nathaniel C. Deering, Osage. Rush Clark, 6 Iowa City. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel J. Kirkwood, Iowa City. William G. Thompson, 7 Marion. James B. Weaver, Bloomfield. Edward H. Gillette, Des Moines. William F. Sapp, Council Bluffs. Cyrus C. Carpenter, Fort Dodge. 1 Served until January 22, 1881; succeeded by Horatio Bisbee, jr., who contested his election. 2 Successfully contested the election of Noble A. Hull, and took his seat January 22. 1881. ' Resigned May 13, 1880. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John B. Gordon, and took his seat May 20, 1880; subsequently elected. 5 Election unsuccessfully contested by James McCabe. e Died April 29, 1879. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of Rush Clark and took his seat December 1, LS79. FORTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 291 KANSAS. SENATORS. John J. Ingalls, Atchison. Preston B. Plumb, Emporia. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. Anderson, Manhattan. Dudley C. Haskell, Lawrence. Thomas Ryan, Topeka. James B. Beck, Lexington. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Oscar Turner, Oscar. James A. McKenzie, Long View. John William Caldwell, Russellville. J. Proctor Knott, Lebanon. Albert S. Willis, Louisville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. William Pitt Kellogg, 1 New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Randall L. Gibson, New Orleans. E. John Ellis, New Orleans. Joseph H. Acklen, Franklin. MAINE. SENATORS. Hannibal Hamlin, Bangor. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Reed, Portland. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Stephen D. Lindsey, Norridgewock. MARYLAND. SENATORS. William Pinkney Whyte, Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel M. Henry, Cambridge. J. Fred C. Talbot, Towsontown. William Kimmel, Baltimore. John S. Williams, Mount Sterling. John G. Carlisle, Covington. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. Philip B. Thompson, jr., Harrodsburg. Thomas Turner, Mount Sterling. Elijah C. Phister, Maysville. Benjamin F. Jonas, New Orleans. Joseph B. Elam, Mansfield. J. Floyd King, Vidalia. Edward W. Robertson, Baton Rouge. James G. Elaine, Augusta. George W. Ladd, Bangor. Thompson H. Murch, Rockland. James B. Groome, Elkton. Robert M. McLane, Baltimore. Eli J. Henkle, Brooklyn. Milton G. Urner, Frederick. MASSACHUSETTS. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William \V. Crapo, New Bedford. Benjamin W. Harris, East Bridgewater. Walbridge A. Field, Boston. Leopold Morse, Boston. Selwyn Z. Bowman, Somerville. George B. Loring, 2 Salem. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Thomas W. Ferry, Grand Haven. John S. Newberry, Detroit. Edwin Willits, Monroe. Jonas H. McGowan, Coldwater. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. John W. Stone, Grand Rapids. REPRESENTATIVES. George F. Hoar, Worcester. W T illiam A. Russell, Lawrence. William Claflin, Newton. William W. Rice, Worcester. Amasa Norcross, Fitchburg. George D. Robinson, Chicopee. Zachariah Chandler, 3 Detroit Henry P. Baldwin, 4 Detroit. Mark S. Brewer, Pontiac. Omar D. Conger, Port Huron. Roswell G. Horr, East Saginaw. Jay A. Hubbell, Houghton. 1 The credentials of Thomas C. Manning, appointed to fill vacancy caused by the death of Henry M. Spoftord, contestant for this seat in the preceding Congress (August 20, 1880), were presented December 7, 1880; inasmuch as the Senate had taken no action upon the report that was favorable to Mr. Spofford. no action was taken upon Mr. Manning's credentials beyond referring them to the committee. 2 Election unsuccessfully contested by E. Moody Boynton. s Died November 1, 1879. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Zachariab Chandler, and took his seat December 3. 1879; subsequently elected. 292 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. William Windom, Winona. Mark H. Dunnell, Owatonna. Henry Poehler, Henderson. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MISSISSIPPI. Samuel J. R. McMillan, St. Paul. William D. Washburn, Minneapolis'. SENATORS. Blanche K. Bruce, Floreyville. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry L. Muldrow, Starkville. Van H. Manning, Holly Springs. Hernando D. Money, Winona. MISSOURI. Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Oxford. Otho R. Singleton, Canton. Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. James R. Chalmers, Vicksburg. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Martin L. Clardy, Farmington. Erastus Wells, St. Louis. Richard G. Frost, St. Louis. Lowndes H. Davis, Jackson. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. James R. Waddill, Springfield. Alfred M. Lay, 1 Jefferson City. NEBRASKA. George G. Vest, Kansas City. John F. Philips, 2 Sedalia. Samuel L. Sawyer, Independence. Nicholas Ford, Rochester. Gideon F. Rothwell, Moberly. John B. Clark, jr., Fayette. William H. Hatch, Hannibal. Aylett H. Buckner, Mexico. SENATOS. Algernon S. Paddock, Beatrice. Alvin Saunders, Omaha. REPRESENTATIVE. Edward K. Valentine, West Point. NEVADA. SENATORS. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. William Sharon, Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. Rollin M. Daggett, Virginia City. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Edward H. Rollins, Concord. Joshua G. Hall, Dover. James F. Briggs, Manchester. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. Charles H. Bell, 3 Exeter. Henry W. Blair, 4 Plymouth. Evarts W. Farr, 5 Littleton. Ossian Ray, 6 Lancaster. SENATORS. Theodore F. Randolph, Morristown. REPRESENTATIVES. George M. Robeson, Camden. Hezekiah B. Smith, Smith ville. Miles Ross, New Brunswick. Alvah A. Clark, Somerville. John R. MacPherson, Jersey City. Charles H. Voorhis, Hackensack. John L. Blake, Orange. Lewis A. Brigham, Jersey City. 1 Died December 8, 1879. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alfred M. Lay, and took his seat March 18, 1879. 'Appointed to fill vacancy in term commencing March 4, 1879; credentials presented and referred March 18, 1879; ma- jority of Committee on Privileges and Elections reported reso- lution, April 2, 1879, declaring him not entitled to seat; by resolution, April 10, 1879, was declared entitled to seat; ap- peared and qualified same day. 4 Elected to fill vacancy in term commencing March 4, 1879, and took his seat June 20, 1879. * Died November 30, 1880. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Evarts W. Farr, and took his seat January 8, 1881. FORTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 293 NEW YORK. SENATORS. Roscoe Conkling, Utica. REPRESENTATIVES. James W. Covert, Flushing. Daniel O'Reilly, Brooklyn. Simeon B. Chittenden, Brooklyn. Archibald M. Bliss, Brooklyn. Nicholas Muller, New York. Samuel S. Cox, New York. Edwin Einstein, New York. Anson G. McCook, New York. Fernando Wood, 1 New York. James O'Brien, New York. Levi P. Morton, New York. Waldo Hutchins, Kingsbridge. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. John W. Ferdon, Piermpnt. William Lounsberry, Kingston. John M. Bailey, Albany. Walter A. Wood, Hoosick Falls. Francis Kernan, Utica. John Hammond, Crown Point. Amaziah B. James, Ogdensburg. John H. Starin, Fultonville. David Wilber, Milford. Warner Miller, Herkimer. Cyrus D. Prescott, Rome. Joseph H. Mason, 2 Hamilton. Frank Hiscock, Syracuse. John H. Camp, Lyons. Elbridge G. Lapham, Canandaigua. Jeremiah W. D wight, Dryden. David P. Richardson, Angelica. John Van Voorhis, Rochester. Richard Crowley, Lockport. Ray V. Pierce, 3 Buffalo. Jonathan Scoville, 4 Salisbury. Henry Van Aernam, Frankhnville. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Matt W. Ransom, Weldon. Joseph J. Martin, 5 Williamston. Jesse J. Yeates, 6 Murfreesboro. William H. Kitchin, Scotland Neck. Daniel L. Russell, Wilmington. Joseph J. Davis, Louisburg. Zebulon B. Vance, Charlotte. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred M. Scales, Greensborough. Walter L. Steele, Rockingham. Robert F. Armfield, Statesville. Robert B. Vance, Asheville. OHIO. SENATORS. Allen G. Thurman, Columbus. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Butterworth, Cincinnati. Thomas L. Young, Cincinnati. John A. McMahon, Dayton. Joseph Warren Keifer, Springfield. Benjamin LeFevre, Sidney. William D. Hill, Defiance. Frank H. Hurd, Toledo Ebenezer B. Finley, Bucyrus. George L. Converse, Columbus. Thomas Ewing, Lancaster. Henry L. Dickey, Greenfield. George H. Pendleton, Cincinnati. Henry S. Neal, Iron ton. Adoniram J. Warner, Marietta. Gibson Atherton, Newark. George W. Geddes, Mansfield. William McKinley, jr., Canton. James Monroe, Oberlin. Jonathan T. Updegraff, Mount Pleasant. James A. Garfield, 7 Mentor. Ezra B. Taylor, 8 Warren. Amos Townsend, Cleveland. OREGON. SENATORS. La Fayette Grover, Salem. James H. Slater, La Grande. REPRESENTATIVE. John Whiteaker, Pleasant Hill. i Died February 14, 1881. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Sebastian Duffy. 3 Resigned September 18, 1880. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ray V. Pierce, and took his seat January 29, 1881. 5 Served until January 29, 1881; succeeded by Jesse J. Yeates, who contested his election. * Successfully contested the election of Joseph J. Martin, and took his seat January 29, 1881. 7 Resigned November 8, 1880, having been elected President of the United States. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James A. Garfield, and took his seat December 13, 1880. CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. William A. Wallace, Clearfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, Germantown. William Ward, Chester. William Godshalk, New Britain. Hiester Clymer, Reading. A. Herr Smith, Lancaster. Reuben K. Bachman, Durham. Robert Klotz, Mauch Chunk. Hendrick B. Wright, Wilkes-Barre. John W. Ryon, Pottsville. John W. Killinger, Lebanon. J. Donald Cameron, Harrisburg. Edward Overton, jr., Towanda. John I. Mitchell, Wellsboro. Alexander H. Coffroth, Somerset. Horatio G. Fisher, Huntingdon. Frank E. Beltzhoover, Carlisle. Seth H. Yocum, 1 Belief onte. Morgan R. Wise, Waynesburg. Russell Errett, Pittsburgh. Thomas M. Bayne, Allegheny. William S. Shallenberger, Rochester. Harry White, Indiana. Samuel B. Dick, Meadyille. John H. Osmer, Franklin. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. Ambrose E. Burnside, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. Latimer W. Ballou, Woonsocket. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Matthew C. Butler, Edgefield. Wade Hampton, Charleston. REPRESENTATIVES. John S. Richardson, Sumter. John H. Evins, Spartanburg. Michael P. O'Connor, Charleston. George D. Tillman, Edgefield. D. Wyatt Aiken, Cokesbury. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. James E. Bailey, Clarksville. Isham G. Harris, Memphis. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert L. Taylor, Jonesboro. John F. House, Clarksville. Leonidas C. Houk, Knoxville. Washington C. Whitthorne, Columbia. George G. Dibrell, Sparta. John D. C. Atkins, Paris. Ben ton McMillin, Carthage. Charles B. Simonton, Covington. John M. Bright, Fayetteville. Casey Young, Memphis. TEXAS. SENATORS. Samuel B. Maxey, Paris. Richard Coke, Waco. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Reagan, Palestine. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. David B. Culberson, Jefferson. George W. Jones, Bastrop. Olin Wellborn, Dallas. . Columbus Upson, San Antonio. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles H. Joyce, Rutland. Bradley Barlow, St. Albans. James M. Tyler, Brattleboro. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Andrew G. Curtln. FORTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 295 VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John W. Johnston, Abingdon. Robert E. Withers, Wytheville. REPRESENTATIVES . Richard Lee T. Beale, Hague. John R. Tucker, Lexington. John Goode, jr., Norfolk. John T. Harris, Harrisonburg. Joseph E. Johnston, Longwood. Eppa Huntpn, Warrenton. Joseph Jorgensen, Petersburg. James B. Richmond, Estillville. George C. Cab ell, Danville. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Henry G. Davis, Piedmont. Frank Hereford, Union. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Wilson, Wilsonburg. John E. Kenna, Kanawha. Benjamin F. Martin, Pruntytown. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Angus Cameron, La Crosse. Matthew H. Carpenter, 1 Milwaukee. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles G. Williams, Janesville. Edward S. Bragg, Fond du Lac. Lucien B. Caswell, Fort Atkinson. Gabriel Bouck, Oshkosh. George C. Hazel ton, Boscobel. Herman L. Humphrey, Hudson. Peter V. Deuster, Milwaukee. Thaddeus C. Pound, Chippewa Falls. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. John G. Campbell, Prescott. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. DELEGATE. Granville G. Bennett, Yankton. TERRITORY OF IDAHO. DELEGATE. George Ainslie, Idaho City. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. DELEGATE. _ Martin Maginnis, Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Mariano S. Otero, Peralta. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. George Q. Cannon, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Thomas H. Brents, Walla Walla. TERRITORY OF WYOMING. DELEGATE. S. W. Downey, Laramie City. i Died February 24, 1881. FORTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1881, TO MARCH 3, 1883. FIRST SESSION December 5, 1881, to August 8, 1882. SECOND SESSION December 4, 1882, to March 3, 1883. SPECIAL SESSIONS OF THE SENATE March 4, 1881, to May 20, 1881; October, 10, 1881, to October 29, 1881. VICE PRESIDENT Chester A. Arthur, 1 of New York. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PEO TEMPORE Thomas F. Bayard, 2 of Delaware; David Davis, 3 of Illinois; George F. Edmunds, 4 of Ver- mont. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Francis E. Shober, 5 Chief Clerk (Acting Secretary), of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE J. Warren Keifer, of Springfield, Ohio. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Edward McPlierson, of Pennsylvania. John T. Morgan, Selma. ALABAMA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Herndon, Mobile. Hilary A. Herbert, Montgomery. William C. Gates, Abbeville. Charles M. Shelley, 6 Selma. Thomas Williams, Wetumpka. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Augustus H. Garland, Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Peindexter Dunn, Forest City. James K. Jones, Washington. James L. Pugh, Eufauia. Goldsmith W. Hewitt, Birmingham. William H. Forney, Jacksonville. Joseph Wheeler, 7 Wheeler. William M. Lowe, 8 Huntsville. James D. Walker, Fayetteville. Jordan E. Cravens. Clarksville. Thomas M. Gunter, Fayetteville. CALIFORNIA. James T. Farley, Jackson. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William S. Rosecrans, San Francisco. Horace F. Page, Placerville. John F. Miller, San Francisco. Campbell P. Berry, Wheatland. Romualdo Pacheco, San Luis Obispo. Became President on the death of James A. Garfleld Sep- tember 19,1881. 2 Elected October 10, 1881 (special session of the Senate). Elected October 13, 1881 (special session of the Senate). Elected March 3, 1883. ^ Appointed by resolution of October 24, 1881, to fill va- cancy caused by death of John C. Burch; served throughout the Congress. Election contested by James Q. Smith; report of the com- mittee favorable to contestant, but contestant died and seat 296 was declared vacant; subsequently elected to fill vacancy thus caused, and took his seat December 4, 1882; this elec- tion was contested by John W. Jones, but was undisposed of at close of the Congress. 'Served until Junes, 1882; succeeded by William M. Lowe, who contested his election; subsequently elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of Mr. Lowe, and took his seat January 15, 1883. s Successfully contested the election of Joseph Wheeler, and took his seat June 3, 1882; died August 16, 1882. FOETY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 297 COLORADO. SENATORS. Henry M. Teller, 1 Denver. George M. Chilcott, 2 Denver. Horace A. W. Tabor, 3 Denver. Nathaniel P. Hill, Denver. REPRESENTATIVE. James B. Belford, Central City. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orville H. Platt, West Meriden. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES . John R. Buck, Hartford. James Phelps, Essex. John T. Wait, Norwich. Frederick Miles, Chapinville. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas F. Bayard, Wilmington. Eli Saulsbury, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. E. Livingston Martin, Seaford. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Charles W. Jones, Pensacola. Wilkinson Call, Jacksonville. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert H. M. Davidson, Quincy. Benjamin H. Hill, 6 Atlanta. Pope Barrow, 7 Athens. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George R. Black, Sylvania. Henry G. Turner, Quitman. Philip Cook, Americus. Hugh Buchanan, Newman. Nathaniel J. Hammond, Atlanta. David Davis, Bloomington. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Aldrich, Chicago. George R. Davis, Chicago. Charles B. Farwell, Chicago. John C. Sherwin, Aurora. Robert M. A. Hawk, 10 Mount Carroll. Robert R. Hitt, 11 Mount Morris. Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton. William Cullen, Ottawa. Lewis E. Payson, Pontiac. John H. Lewis, Knoxville. Horatio Bisbee, jr., 5 Jacksonville. Jesse J. Finley, 4 Jacksonville. Joseph E. Brown, Atlanta. James H. Blount, Macon. Judson C. Clements, La Fayette. Alexander H. Stephens, 8 Crawfordsville. Seaborn Reese, 9 Sparta. Emory Speer, Athens. John A. Logan, Chicago. Benjamin F. Marsh, Warsaw. James W. Singleton, Quincy. William M. Springer, Springfield. Dietrich C. Smith, Pekin. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. Samuel W. Moulton, Shelbyville. William A. J. Sparks, Carlyle. William R. Morrison, Waterloo. John R. Thomas, Metropolis. Richard W. Townshend, Shawneetown. 1 Resigned April 17, 1882, to become Secretary of the Inte- rior. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry M. Teller, and took his seat April 17, 1882. 3 Elected to fill the vacancy caused by resignation of Henry M. Teller, and took his seat February 2, 1883. < Served until June 1, 1882; succeeded by Horatio Bisbee, jr., who contested his election. '> Successfully contested the election of Jesse J. Finley, and took his seat June 1, 1882. Died August 16, 1882. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Benjamin H. Hill, and took his seat December 5, 1882. 8 Resigned November 4, 1882, having been elected Governor. 9 Elected to fill the vacancy caused by resignation of Alex- ander H. Stephens, and took his seat December 4. 1882. i" Died June 29, 1882. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Robert M. A. Hawk, and took his seat December 4, 1882. 298 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. INDIANA. SENATORS. Daniel W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. REPRESENTATIVES. William Heilman, Evansville. Thomas R. Cobb, Vincennes. Strother M. Stockslager, Corydon. William S. Hoi man, Aurora. Courtland C. Matson, Greencastle. Thomas M. Browne, Winchester. Stanton J. Peelle, Indianapolis. IOWA. Benjamin Harrison, Indianapolis. Robert B. F. Peirce, Crawfordsville. Godlove S. Orth, 1 La Fayette. Charles T. Doxey, 2 Anderson. Mark L. DeMotte, Valparaiso. George W. Steele, Marion. Walpole G. Colerick, Fort Wayne. William H. Calkins, Laporte. SENATORS. William B. Allison, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Moses A. McCoid, Fairfield. Sewall S. Farwell, Monticello. Thomas Updegraff, McGregor. Nathaniel C. Deering, Osage. William G. Thompson, Marion. John J. Ingalls, Atchison. John A. Anderson, Manhattan. Dudley C. Haskell, Lawrence. KANSAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. KENTUCKY. Samuel J. Kirkwood, 3 Iowa City. James W. McDill, 4 Afton. Marsena E. Cutts, 5 Oskaloosa. John C. Cook, 6 Newton. John A. Kasson, Des Moines. William P. Hepburn, Clarinda. Cyrus C. Carpenter, Fort Dodge. Preston B. Plumb, Emporia. Thomas Ryan, Topeka. SENATORS. James B. Beck, Lexington. REPRESE NTATIVES . Oscar Turner, Oscarr. James A. McKenzie, Long View. John W. Caldwell, Russellville. J. Proctor Knott, Lebanon. Albert S. Willis, Louisville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. William Pitt Kellogg, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Randall Lee Gibson, New Orleans. E. John Ellis, New Orleans. Chester B. Darrall, Morgan City. MAINE. John S. Williams, Mount Sterling. John G. Carlisle, Covington. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. Philip B. Thompson, jr., Harrodsburg. John D. White, Manchester. Elijah C. Phister, Maysville. Benjamin F. Jonas, New Orleans. Newton C. Blanchard, Shreveport. J. Floyd King, Vidalia. Edward W. Robertson, Baton Rouge. James G. Elaine, 7 Augusta. William P. Frye, 8 Lewiston. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Reed, 9 Portland. William P. Frye, 10 Lewiston. Nelson Dingley, 11 jr., Lewiston. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. Stephen D. Lindsey, Norridgewock. George W. Ladd, Bangor. Thompson H. Murch, Rockland. 1 Died December 16, 1882. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Godlove S. Orth, and took his seat January 17, 1883. 3 Resigned March 7, 1881, to become Secretary of the Interior. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel J. Kirkwood, and took his seat March 14, 1881 (special ses- sion of the Senate); subsequently elected. 6 Served until March 3, 1883, succeeded by John C. Cook, who contested his election. 6 Successfully contested election of Marsena E. Cutts, and took his seat March 3, 1883 closing day of the Congress. 7 Resigned March 5, 1881 , to become Secretary of State. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James G. Blaine, and took his seat March 18, 1881 (special session of the Senate). 9 Election unsuccessfully contested by Samuel J. Anderson. 10 Resigned March 17, 1881, having been elected Senator. 11 Elected September 12, 1881, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William P. Frye, and took his seat December 5, 1881. FORTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 299 MARYLAND. SENATORS. James B. Groome, Elkton. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Covington, Snow Hill. J. Fred C. Talbott, Towsontown. Fetter S. Hoblitzell, Baltimore. Arthur Pue Gorman, Laurel. Robert M. McLane, Baltimore. Andrew G. Chapman, La Plata. Milton G. Urner, Frederick City. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. George F. Hoar, Worcester. REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Crapo, New Bedford. Benjamin W. Harris, East Bridgewater. Ambrose A. Ranney, Boston. Leopold Morse, Boston. Selwyn Z. Bowman, Somerville. Eben F. Stone, Newburyport. William A. Russell, Lawrence. John W. Candler, Brookline. William W. Rice, Worcester. Amasa Norcross, Fitchburg. George D. Robinson, Chicopee. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Thomas W. Ferry, Grand Haven. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry W. Lord, Detroit. Edwin Willits, Monroe. Edward S. Lacey, Charlotte. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. George W. Webber, Ionia. Omar D. Conger, Port Huron. Oliver L. Spaulding, St. Johns. John T. Rich, Elba. Roswell G. Horr, East Saginaw. Jay A. Hubbell, Houghton. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Samuel J. R. McMillan, St. Paul. Mark H. Dunnell, Owatonna Horace B. Strait, Shakopee. REPRESENTATIVES. William Windom, 1 Winona. Alonzo J. Edgerton, 2 Kasson. William Windom, 3 Winona. Willliam D. Washburn, Minneapolis. Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Oxford. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry L. Muldrow, Starkville. Van H. Manning, 4 Holly Springs. Hernando De Soto Money, Winona. Otho R. Singleton, Canton. James Z. George, Jackson. Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. James R. Chalmers, 5 Vicksburg. John R. Lynch, 8 Natchez. 1 Resigned March 4, 1881, to become Secretary of the Treasury. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Windom, and took his seat March 17, 1881 (special session of the Senate). 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by his own resignation, and took his seat December 5, 1881. < Election unsuccessfully contested by George M. Buchanan. 5 Served until April 29, 1882; succeeded by John R. Lynch, who contested his election. 6 Successfully contested the election of James R. Chalmers;, and took his seat April 29, 1882. 300 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Martin L. Clardy, Farmington. Thomas Allen, 1 St. Louis. James H. McLean, 2 St. Louis. Richard G. Frost, 3 St. Louis. Gustavus Sessinghaus, 4 St. Louis. Lowndes H. Davis, Jackson. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. Ira S. Hazel tine, Springfield. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Alvin Saunders, Omaha. George G. Vest, Kansas City. Theron M. Rice, Booneville. Robert T. Van Horn, Kansas City. Nicholas Ford, Rochester. Joseph H. Barrows, Cainsville. John B. Clark, jr., Fayette. William H. Hatch, Hannibal. Aylett H. Buckner, Mexico. Charles H. Van Wyck, Nebraska City. REPRESENTATIVE. 5 Edward K. Valentine, West Point. NEVADA. SENATORS. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. James G. Fair, Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE . George W. Cassidy, Eureka. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Edward II. Rollins, Concord. Henry W. Blair, Plymouth. REPRESENTATIVES. Ossian Ray, Lancaster. Joshua G. Hall, Dover. James F. Briggs, Manchester. NEW JERSEY. John R. McPherson, Jersey City. SENATORS. George M. Robeson, Camden. J. Hart Brewer, Trenton. Miles Ross, New Brunswick. Henry S. Harris, Belvidere. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Roscoe Conkling, 6 Utica. El bridge G. Laphain, 7 Canandaigua. REPRESENTATIVES. Perry Belmont, Babylon. William E. Robinson, Brooklyn. J. Hyatt Smith, Brooklyn. Archibald M. Bliss, Brooklyn. Benjamin Wood, New York. William J. Sewell, Camden. John Hill, Boonton. Phineas Jones, Newark. Augustus A. Hardenberg, Jersey City. Thomas C. Platt, 6 Owego. Warner Miller, 8 Herkimer. Samuel S. Cox, New York. P. Henry Dugro, New York. Anson G. McCook, New York. John Hardy, 9 New York. Abram S. Hewitt, New York. 1 Died April 8, 1882. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas Allen, and took his seat December 15, 1882. s Served until March 2. 1883; succeeded by Gustavus Ses- singhaus, who contested his election. 'Successfully contested the election of Richard G. Frost, and took his seat March 2, 1883. Thomas J. Majors, of Peru, presented credentials as a contingent (or additional) representative, but was not per- mitted to take a seat. 6 Resigned May 1C, 1881. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Roscoe Conkling, and took his seat October 11, 1881 (special session of the Senate). 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas C. Platt, and took his seat October 11. 1881 (special session of the Senate) . 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Fernando Wood before the beginning of the Congress, and took his seat December 5, 1881. FORTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 301 Roswell P. Flower, New York. Waldo Hutchins, Kingsbridge. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. Lewis Beach, Cornwall. Thomas Cornell, Rondout. Michael N. Nolan, Albany. Walter A. Wood, Hoosick Falls. John Hammond, Crown Point. Abraham X. Parker, Potsdam. George West, Ballston Spa. Ferris Jacobs, jr. , Delhi. Warner Miller, 1 Herkimer. Charles R. Skinner, 2 Watertown. Cyrus D. Prescott, Rome. Joseph H. Mason, Hamilton. Frank Hiscock, Syracuse. John H. Camp, Lyons. James W. Wadsworth, Livingstone. Jeremiah W. Dwight, Dryden. David P. Richardson, Angelica. John Van Voorhis, Rochester. Richard Crowley, Lockport. Jonathan Scoville, Buffalo. Henry Van Aernam, Franklin ville. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Matt W. Ransom, Weldon. REPRESENTATIVES. Louis C. Latham, Greenville. Orlando Hubbs, Newbern. John W. Shackleford, 3 Jacksonville. William R. Cox, Raleigh. OHIO. SENATORS. George H. Pendleton, Cincinnati. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Butterworth, Cincinnati. Thomas L. Young, Cincinnati. Henry L. Morey, Hamilton. Emanuel Shultz, Dayton. Benjamin LeFeyre, Sidney. James M. Ritchie, Toledo. John P. Leedom, West Union. Joseph W. Keifer, Springfield. James S. Robinson, Kenton. John B. Rice, Fremont. Henry S. Neal, Ironton. Zebulon B. Vance, Charlotte. Alfred M. Scales, Greensboro. Clement Dowd, Charlotte. Robert F. Armfield, Statesville. Robert B. Vance, Ashe ville. John Sherman,* Mansfield. George L. Converse, Columbus. Gibson Atherton, Newark. George W. Geddes, Mansfield. Rufus R. Dawes, Marietta. Jonathan T. Updegraff , 5 Mount Pleasant. Joseph D. Taylor, 6 Cambridge. William McKinley, jr., Canton. Addison S. McClure, Wooster. Ezra B. Taylor, Warren. Amos Townsend, Cleveland. OREGON. La Fayette Grover, Salem. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. James H. Slater, La Grande. Melvin C. George, Portland. PENNSYLVANIA. J. Donald Cameron, Harrisburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, Philadelphia. William Ward, Chester. William Godshalk, New Britain. Daniel Ermentrout, Reading. A. Herr Smith, Lancaster. William Mutchler, Easton. Robert Klotz, Mauch Chunk. Joseph A. Scranton, Scranton. Charles N. Brumm, Minersville. Samuel F. Barr, Harrisburg. John I. Mitchell, Wellsboro. Cornelius C. Jadwin, Honesdale. Robert J. C. Walker, Williamsport. Jacob M. Campbell, Johnstown. Horatio G. Fisher, Huntingdon. Frank E. Beltzhoover, Carlisle. Andrew G. Curtin, Bellefonte. Morgan R. Wise, Waynesburg. Russell Errett, Pittsburgh. Thomas M. Bayne, Allegheny. William S. Shallenberger, Rochester. James Mosgrove, Kittanning. Samuel N. Miller, Mercer. Lewis F. Watson, Warren. i Resigned , 1881, having been elected Senator. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Warner Miller, and took his seat December 5, 1881. s Died January 18, 1883. * Elected for the term commencing March 4, 1881. James A. Garfleld was elected but resigned December 23, 1880, hav- ing been elected President of the United States. a Died November 30, 1882. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of Jonathan T. Updegraff, and took his seat January. 16, 1882. 302 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, Providence. Ambrose E. Burnside, 1 Providence. Nelson W. Aldrich, 2 Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry J. Spooner, Providence. Jonathan Chace, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Matthew C. Butler, Edgefield. Wade Hampton, Charleston. REPRESENTATIVES. John S. Richardson, Sumter. D. Wyatt Aiken, Cokesbury Michael P. O'Connor, 3 Charleston. Samuel Dibble, 4 Orangeburg. Edmund W. M. Mackey, 5 Charleston. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. John H. Evins, Spartanburg. George D. Tillman, 6 Edgefield. Robert Smalls, 7 Beaufort. Isham G. Harris, Memphis. REPRESENTATIVES. Augustus H. Pettibone, Greenville. Leonidas C. Houk, Knoxville. George G. Dibrell, Sparta. Benton McMillin, Carthage. Richard Warner, Lewisburg. Samuel B. Maxey, Paris. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Reagan, Palestine. David B. Culberson, Jefferson. Olin Wellborn, Dallas. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. Howell E. Jackson. Jackson. John F. House, Clarksville. Washington C. Whitthorne, Columbia. John D. C. Atkins, Paris. Charles B. Simonton, Covington. William R. Moore, Memphis. Richard Coke, Waco. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. George W. Jones, Bastrop. Columbus Upson, San Antonio. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles H. Joyce, Rutland. William W. Grout, Barton. James M. Tyler, Brattleboro. VIRGINIA. John W. Johnston, Abingdon. George T. Garrison, Accomac. John F. Dezendorf, Norfolk. George D. Wise, Richmond. Joseph Jorgensen, Petersburg. George C. Cabell, 8 Danville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Mahone, Petersburg. John R. Tucker, Lexington. John Paul, Harrisonburg. John S. Barbour, 9 Alexandria. Abram Fulkerson, Bristol. 1 Died September 13, 1881. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Ambrose E. Burnside, and took his seat December 5, 1881. 3 Died April 26, 1881, while a contest of his election was pending, instituted by Edmund W. M. Mackey. Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of Michael P. O'Connor; took his seat December 5, 1881, and served until May 31, 1882; succeeded by Edmund W. M. Mackey, who contested the election of Mr. O'Connor in the first instance and who continued the contest as against him. 6 Successfully contested the election of Samuel Dibble, as the successor of the original contestee, Mr. O'Connor, and took the seat May 31, 1882. 6 Served until July 19, 1882; succeeded by Robert Smalls, who contested his election. 7 Successfully contested the election of George D. Tillman, and took his seat July 19, 1882. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by John T. Stovell. 9 Election unsuccessfully contested by S. P. Bayley. FORTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 303 WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Henry G. Davis, Piedmont. Johnson N. Camden, Parkersburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Wilson, Clarksburg. John E. Kenna, Kanawha. John B. Hoge, Martinsburg. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Angus Cameron, 1 La Crosse. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles G. Williams, Janesville. Edward S. Bragg, Fond du lac. Lucien B. Caswell, Fort Atkinson. Richard Guenther, Oshkosh. George C. Hazelton, Boscobel. Herman L. Humphrey, Hudson. Peter V. Deuster, Milwaukee. Thaddeua C. Pound, Chippewa Falls. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Granville H. Oury, Florence. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. DELEGATE. Richard F. Pettigrew, Sioux Falls. TERRITORY OF IDAHO. DELEGATE. George Ainslie, Idaho City. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. DELEGATE. Martin Maginnis, Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO DELEGATE. Tranquilino Luna, Loa Lunas. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. John T. Caine, 2 Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Thomas H. Brents, Walla Walla. TERRITORY OF WYOMING. DELEGATE. Morton E. Post, Cheyenne. i Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Matthew H. ants for this seat; by resolution of April 20, 1882, it was Carpenter in preceding Congress, and took his seat October 10, declared that neither was entitled to it and seat was declared 1881. vacant; presented credentials under subsequent election, and * Allen G. Campbell and George Q. Cannon were contest- took his seat January 17, 1883. FORTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1883, TO MARCH 3, 1885. FIRST SESSION December 3, 1883, to July 7, 1884. SECOND SESSION December 1, 1884, to March 3, 1885. VICE PRESIDENT, 1 F. Edmunds, 2 of Vermont. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE George SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Anson G. McCook, 3 of New York. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Joan G. Carlisle, of Kentucky. CLERK OF THE HOUSE John B. Clark, jr., of Missouri. John T. Morgan, Selma. ALABAMA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Herndon, 4 Mobile. James T. Jones, 5 Demopolis. Hilary A. Herbert, Montgomery. William C. Gates, Abbeville. Charles M. Shelley, 6 Selma. ARKANSAS. James L. Pugh, Eufaula. George H. Craig, 7 Selma. Thomas Williams, Wetumpka. Goldsmith W. Hewitt, Birmingham. William H. Forney, Jacksonville. Luke Pry or, Athens. SENATORS. Augustus H. Garland, Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Poindexter Dunn, Forest City. James K. Jones, Washington. John H. Rogers, Fort Smith. James T. Farley, Jackson. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles A. Sumner, San Francisco. John R. Glascock, Oakland. William S. Rosecrans, San Francisco. COLORADO. SENATORS. Nathaniel P. Hill, Denver. REPRESENTATIVE. James B. Belford, Central CONNECTICUT. James D. Walker, Fayetteville. Samuel W. Peel, Bentonville. Clifton R. Breckinridge, Pine Bluff. John F. Miller, San Francisco. James H. Budd, Stockton. Barclay Henley, Santa Rosa. Pleasant B. Tulley, Gilroy. Thomas M. Bowen, Del Norte. City. SENATORS. Orville H. Platt, West Meriden. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. 4 REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Eaton, Hartford. C. Le Moyne Mitchell, New Haven. John T. Wait, Norwich. Edward W. Seymour, Litchfield. "Chester A. Arthur became President on the death of James A. Garfleld in preceding Congress. 2 Elected January 14, 1884. 3 Elected December 18. 1883. Died March 28, 1883, before the convening of Congress. 304 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas II. Herndon, and took his seat December 3, 1883. 6 Served until January 9, 1885; succeeded by George H. Craig, who contested his election. 7 Successfully contested the election of Charles M. Shelley, and took his seat January 9, 1885; resigned March 3, 1885. FOETY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 305 DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas F. Bayard, Wilmington. Eli Saulsbury, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. Charles B. Lore, Wilmington. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Charles W. Jones, Pensacola. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert H. M. Davidson, Quincy. Joseph E. Brown, Atlanta. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRFSENTATIVES. John C. Nicholls, Blackshear. Henry G. Turner, Quitman. Charles F. Crisp, Americus. Hugh Buchanan, Newnan. Nathaniel J. Hammond, Atlanta. John A. Logan, Chicago. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Ransom W- Dunham, Chicago. John F. Finer ty, Chicago. George R. Davis, Chicago. George E. Adams, Chicago. Reuben Ellwood, Sycamore. Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton. William Cullen, Ottawa. Lewis E. Payson, Pontiac. Nicholas E. Worthington, Peoria. INDIANA. SENATORS. Daniel W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. REPRESENTATIVES. John J. Kleiner, Evansville. Thomas R. Cobb, Vincennes. Strother M. Stockslager, Corydon. William S. Holman, Aurora. Courtland C. Matson, Greencastle. Thomas M. Browne, Winchester. Stanton J. Peelle, 1 Indianapolis. William E. English, 2 Indianapolis. IOWA. SENATORS. William B. Allison, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Moses A. McCoid, Fairfield. Jeremiah H. Murphy, Davenport. David B. Henderson, Dubuque. Luman H. Weller, Nashua. James Wilson, 5 Traer. Benjamin T. Frederick, 6 Marshalltown. John C. Cook, Newton. Wilkinson Call, Jacksonville. Horatio Bisbee, jr., Jacksonville. Alfred H. Colquitt, Atlanta. James H. Blount, Macon. Judson C. Clements, La Fayette. Seaborn Reese, Sparta. Allen D. Candler, Gainesville. Thomas Hardeman, Macon. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. Willi'am H. Neece, Macomb. James M. Riggs, Winchester. William M. Springer, Springfield. Jonathan H. Rowell, Bloomington. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. Aaron Shaw, Olney. Samuel W. Moulton, Shelbyville. William R. Morrison, Waterloo. Richard W. Townshend, Shawneetown. John R. Thomas, Metropolis. Benjamin Harrison, Indianapolis. John E. Lamb, Terre Haute. Thomas B. Ward, La Fayette. Thomas J. Wood, Crown Point. George W. Steele, Marion. Robert Lowry, Fort Wayne. William H. Calkins, 3 Laporte. Benjamin F. Shively, 4 North Bend. James F. Wilson, Fairfield. John A. Kasson, 7 Des Moines. Hiram Y. Smith, 8 Des Moines. William P. Hepburn, Clarinda. William H. M. Pusey, Council Bluffs. Adoniram J. Holmes, Boone. Isaac S. Struble, Le Mars. S3rved until May 22, 1884; succeeded by William E. Eng- lish, who contested his election. * Successfully contested the election of Stanton J. Peelle, and took his seat May 22, 1884. 3 Resigned October 20, 1884. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William H. Calkins, and took his seat December 1, 1884. 6 Served until March 3, 1885 (closing day of the Congress); succeeded by Benjamin T. Frederick, who contested his election. 6 Successfully contested the election of Jarnes Wilson, and took his seat March 3, 1885. J Resigned July 13, 1884. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John A. Kasson, and took his seat December 2, 1884. 50346 S. Doc. 654. 61-2- -20 306 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTOEY. KANSAS. SENATORS. John J. Ingalls, Atchison. REPRESENTATIVES . John A. Anderson, Manhattan. Dudley C. Haskell, 1 Topeka. Edward H. Funston, 2 lola. Thomas Ryan, Topeka. James B. Beck, Lexington. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Oscar Turner, Oscar. James F. Clay, Henderson. John E. Halsell, Bowling Green. Thomas A. Robertson, Elizabethtown. Albert S. Willis, Louisville. John G. Carlisle, Covington. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Benjamin F. Jonas, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES . Carleton Hunt, New Orleans. E. John Ellis, New Orleans. William Pitt Kellogg, New Orleans. Preston B. Plumb, Emporia. Edmund N. Morrill, Hiawatha. Lewis Hariback, Osborne. Samuel R. Peters, 3 Newton. Bishop W. Perkins, Oswego. John S. Williams, Mount Sterling. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. Philip B. Thompson, jr., Harrodsburg. William W. Culbertson, Ashland. John D. White, Manchester. Frank L. Wolford, Columbia. Randall L. Gibson, New Orleans. Newton C. Blanchard, Shreveport. J. Floyd King, Vidalia. Edward T. Lewis, 4 Opelousas. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. Thomas B. Reed, Portland. Nelson Dingley, jr., Lewiston. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . William P. Frye, Lewiston. Charles A. Boutelle, Bangor. Seth L. Milliken, Belfast. MARYLAND. SENATORS. James B. Groome, Elkton. REPRESENTATIVES . George W. Covington, Snow Hill. J. Fred C. Talbott, Towsontown. Fetter S. Hoblitzell, Baltimore. Arthur Pue Gorman, Laurel. John V. L. Findlay, Baltimore. Hart B. Holton, Powhatan. Louis E. McComas, Hagerstown. MASSACHUSETTS. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. Robert T. Davis, Fall River. John D. Long, Hingham. Ambrose A. Ranney, Boston. Patrick A. Collins, Boston. Leopold Morse, Boston. Henry B. Lovering, Lynn. Eben F. Stone, Newburyport. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George F. Hoar, Worcester. William A. Russell, Lawrence. Theodore Lyman, Brookline. William W. Rice, Worcester. William Whiting, Holyoke. George D. Robinson, 5 Chicopee. Francis W. Rockwell, 6 Pittsfield. 1 Died December 16, 1883. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Dudley C. Haskell, and took his seat March 21, 1884. a Election unsuccessfully contested by Samuel N. Wood. < Took his seat March 4, 1883. Andrew S. Herron was elected but died before the commencement of the Congress. 5 Resigned January 7, 1884. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George D. Robinson, and took his seat January 26, 1884. FORTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Omar D. Conger, Port Huron. Thomas W. Palmer, Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. 307 William C. Maybury, Detroit. Nathaniel B. Eldredge, Adrian. Edward S. Lacey, Charlotte. George L. Yaple, Mendon. Julius Houseman, Grand Rapids. Edwin B. Winans, Hamburg. Ezra C. Carleton, Port Huron. Roswell G. Horr, East Saginaw. Byron M. Cutcheon, Manistee. Herschel H. Hatch, Bay City. Edward Breitung, Negaunee. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Samuel J. R. McMillan, St. Paul. Dwight M. Sabin, Stillwater. REPRESENTATIVES . Milo White, Chatfield. James B. Wakefield, Blue Earth City. Horace B. Strait, Shakopee. MISSISSIPPI. William D. Washburn, Minneapolis. Knute Nelson, Alexandria. SENATORS. Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Oxford. James Z. George, Jackson. REPRESENTATIVES . Henry L. Muldrow, Starkyille. James R. Chalmers, 1 Sardis. Elza Jeffords, Mayersville. Hernando D. Money, Winona. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Hatch, Hannibal. Armstead M. Alexander, Paris. Alexander M. Dockery, Gallatin. James N. Burnes, St. Joseph. Alexander Graves, Lexington. John Cosgrove, Boonville. Aylett H. Buckner, Mexico. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Charles H. Van Wyck, Nebraska City. REPRESENTATIVES. Archibald J. Weaver, Falls City. James Laird, Hastings. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. NEVADA. SENATORS. Oiho R. Singleton, Forest. Henry S. Van Eaton, Woodville. Ethelbert Barksdale, Jackson. George G. Vest, Kansas City. John J. O'Neill, St. Louis. James O. Broadhead, St. Louis. Martin L. Clardy, Farmington. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. Charles H. Morgan, Lamar. Robert W. Fyan, Marshfield. Lowndes H. Davis, Jackson. Charles F. Manderson, Omaha. Edward K. Valentine, West Point. James G. Fair, Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE. George W. Cassidy, Eureka. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Henry W. Blair, Manchester. Austin F. Pike, Franklin. REPRESENTATIVES . Martin A. Haynes, Lake Village. Ossian Ray, Lancaster. Successfully contested the election of Van H. Manning, and took his seat June 25, 1884; pending the determination of the contest the seat was vacant. 308 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. NEW JERSEY. John R. McPherson, Jersey City. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Thomas M. Ferrell, Glassboro. J. Hart Brewer, Trenton. John Kean, jr., Elizabeth. Benjamin F. Howey, Columbia. NEW YORK. Warner Miller, Herkimer. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Perry Belmont, Babylon. William E. Robinson, Brooklyn. Darwin R. James, Brooklyn. Felix Campbell, Brooklyn. Nicholas Muller, New York. Samuel S. Cox, New York. William Dorsheimer, New York. John J. Adams, New York. John Hardy, New York. Abram S. Hewitt, New York. Orlando B. Potter, New York. Waldo Hutchins, Kingsbridge. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. Lewis Beach, Cornwall. John H. Bagley, jr., Catskill. Thomas J. Van Alstyne, Albany. Henry G. Burleigh, Whitehall. William J. Sewell, Camden. William W. Phelps, Teaneck, Engle- wood. William H. F. Fiedler, Newark. William McAdoo, Jersey City. Elbridge G. Lapham, Canandaigua. Frederick A. Johnson, Glens Falls. Abraham X. Parker, Potsdam. Edward Wemple, Fultonville. George W. Ray, Chenango. Charles R. Skinner, Watertown. John T. Spriggs, Utica. Newton W. Nutting, Oswego. Frank Hiscock, Syracuse. Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. James W. Wads worth, Geneseo. Stephen C. Millard, Binghamton. John Arnot, jr., Elmira. Halbert S. Greenleaf, Rochester. Robert S. Stevens, Attica. William F. Rogers, Buffalo. Francis B. Brewer, Westfield. H. Warner S locum, Brooklyn. NORTH CAROLINA. Matt W. Ransom, Weldon. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Walter R. Poole, 1 Thomas G. Skinner, 2 Hertford. Jamea E. O'Hara, Enfield. Wharton J. Green, Fayetteville. William R. Cox, Raleigh. Alfred M. Scales, 3 Greensboro. Zebulon B. Vance, Charlotte. James W. Reid, 4 Wentworth. Clement Dowd, Charlotte. Tyre York, Trap Hill. Robert B. Vance, Asheville. Risden T. Bennett, Wadesboro. OHIO. SENATORS. George H. Pendleton, Cincinnati. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Follett, Cincinnati. Isaac M. Jordan, Cincinnati. Robert M. Murray, Piqua. Benjamin LeFevre, Maplewood. George E. Seney, Tiffin. William D. Hill, Defiance. Henry L. Morey, 5 Hamilton. James E. Campbell, 6 Hamilton. Joseph W. Keifer, Springfield. James S. Robinson, 7 Kenton. Frank H. Hurd, Toledo. John W. McCormick, Gallipolis. John Sherman, Mansfield. Alphonso Hart, Hillsboro. George L. Converse, Columbus. George W. Geddes, Mansfield. Adoniram J. Warner, Marietta. Beriah Wilkins, Urichsville. Joseph D. Taylor, Cambridge. William McKinley, jr., 8 Canton. Jonathan H. Wallace, 9 New Lisbon. Ezra B. Taylor, Warren. David R. Paige, Akron. Martin A. Foran, Cleveland. OREGON. SENATORS. James H. Slater, La Grande. Joseph N. Dolph, Portland, REPRESENTATIVE . Melvin C. George, Portland. 1 Died August 25, 1883, before the assembling of Congress. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Walter R. Poole, and took his seat December 19, 1883. 3 Resigned December 30, 1884, to become Governor. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Alfred M. Scales, and took his seat January 28, 1885. 5 Served until June 20, 1884; succeeded by James E. Camp- bell, who contested his election. 6 Successfully contested the election of Henry L. Morey, and took his seat June 20, 1884. i Resigned January 12, 1885. 8 Served until May 27, 1884; succeeded by Jonathan H. Wal- lace, who contested his election. 9 Successfully contested the election of William McKinley, jr.. and took his seat May 27, 1884. FORTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 309 PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. J. Donald Cameron, Harrisburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, Philadelphia. James B. Everhart, West Chester. I. Newton Evans, Hatboro. Daniel Ermentrout, Reading. A. Herr Smith, Lancaster. William Mutchler, Easton. John B. Storm, Stroudsburg. Daniel W. Connolly, Scranton. Charles N. Brumm, Minersville. Samuel F. Barr, Harrisburg. George A. Post, Susquehanna. John I. Mitchell, Wellsboro. William W. Brown, Bradford. Jacob M. Campbell, Johnstown. Louis E. Atkinson, Mifflintown. William A. Duncan, 1 Gettysburg. John A. Swope, 2 Gettysburg. Andrew G. Curtin, Belief on te. Charles E. Boyle, Union town. James H. Hopkins, Pittsburgh. Thomas M. Bayne, Allegheny. George V. Lawrence, Monongahela. John D. Patten, Indiana. Samuel H. Miller, Mercer. Samuel M. Brainerd, Erie. Mortimer F. Elliott, Wellsboro. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Henry B. Anthony, 3 Providence. William P. Sheffield, 4 Newport. Jonathan Chace, 5 Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry J. Spooner, Providence. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. Jonathan Chace, 6 Providence. Nathan F. Dixon, 7 Westerly. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Matthew C. Butler, Edgefield. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Dibble, Orangeburg. George D. Tillman, Clarks Hill. D. Wyatt Aiken, Cokesbury. John H. Evins, 8 Spartanburg. John Bratton, 9 White Oak. TENNESSEE. Wade Hampton, Charleston. John J.Hemphill, Chester. George W. Dargan, Darlington. Edmund W. M. Mackey, 10 Mount Pleasant. Robert Smalls, 11 Beaufort. Isham G. Harris, Memphis. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Augustus H. Pettibone, Greene ville. Leonidas C. Houk, Knoxville. George G. Dibrell, Sparta. Benton McMillin, Carthage. Richard Warner, Lewisburg. Samuel B. Maxey, Paris. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Stewart, Houston. John H. Reagan, Palestine. James H. Jones, Henderson. David B. Culberson, Jefferson. James W. Throckmorton, McKinney. Olin Wellborn, Dallas. Howell E. Jackson, Nashville. Andrew J. Caldwell, Nashville. John G. Ballentine, Pulaski. John M. Taylor, Lexington. Rice A. Pierce, Union City. Casey Young, Memphis. Richard Coke, Waco. Thomas P. Ochiltree, Galveston. James F. Miller, Gonzales. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. John Hancock, Austin. Samuel W. T. Lanham, Weatherford. 1 Died November 14, 1884. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William A. Dun- can, and took his seat January 5, 1885. a Died September 2, 1884. Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry B. An- thony, and took his seat December 2, 1884. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry B. An- thony, and took his seat January 26, 1885. Resigned January 26, 1885, having been elected Senator. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jonathan Chace, elected Senator, and took his seat February 12, 1885. 8 Died October 20, 1884. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John H. Evins, and took his seat December 8, 1884. "> Died January 27, 1884. H Elected to fill vacancy caused by death ofEdmund W. M. Mackey, and took his seat March 31, 1884. 310 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. John W. Stewart, Middlebury. William Mahone, Petersburg. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert M. Mayo, 1 Hague. George T. Garrison, 2 Accomac. Harry Libbey, Old Point Comfort. George D. Wise, Richmond. Benjamin S. Hooper, Farmville. George C. Cabell, Danville. Justin S. Morrill, Stratford. Luke P. Poland, St. Johnsbury. Harrison H. Riddleberger, Woodstock. John R. Tucker, Lexington. John Paul, 3 Harrisonburg. Charles T. O'Ferrall, 4 Harrisonburg. John S. Barbour, Alexandria. Henry Bowen, Tazewell. John S. Wise, Richmond WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Johnson N. Camden, Parkersburg. John E. Kenna, Kanawha. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathan Goff, jr., Clarksburg. William L. Wilson, Charlestown. Angus Cameron, La Crosse. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Winans, Janesville. Daniel H. Sumner, Waukesha. Burr W. Jones, Madison. Peter V. Deuster, Milwaukee. Joseph Rankin, Manitowoc. Charles P. Snyder, Charleston. Eustace Gibson, Huntington. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. Richard Guenther, Oshkosh. Gilbert M. Woodward, La Crosse. William T. Price, Black River Falls. Isaac Stephenson, Marinette. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Granville H. Oury, Florence. TERRITORY OP DAKOTA. DELEGATE. John B. Raymond, Fargo. TERRITORY OF IDAHO. DELEGATE. Theodore F. Singiser, Boise City. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. DELEGATE. Martin Maginnis, 6 Helena. i Served until March 20, 1884; succeeded by George T. Gar- Successfully contested the election of John Paul, and took rison, who contested his election. his seat May 5, 18S4. * Successfully contested the election of Robert M. Mayo, * Election unsuccessfully contested by A. C. Botkln. and took his seat March 20, 1884. a Served until May 5, 1884; succeeded by Charles T. O'Fer- lall, who contested his election. FORTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 311 TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATES. Tranquilino Luna, 1 Las Lunas. Francisco A. Manzanares, 2 Las Vegas. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. John T. Caine, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Thomas H. Brents, Walla Walla. TERRITORY OF WYOMING. DELEGATE. Morton E. Post, Cheyenne. Served until March 5,1884; succeeded by Francisco A. s Successfully contested the election of Tranquilino Luna Manzanares, who contested his election. and took his seat March 5, 1884. FORTY-NINTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1885, TO MARCH 3, 1887. FIRST SESSION December 7, 1885, to August 5, 1886. SECOND SESSION December 6, 1886, to March 3, 1887. SPECIAL SESSION OF SENATE March 4, 1885, to April 2, 1885. VICE PRESIDENT Thomas A. Hendricks, 1 of Indiana. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE John Sherman, 2 of Ohio; John J. Ingalls, 3 of Kansas. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Anson G. McCook, of New York. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE John G. Carlisle, of Kentucky. CLERK OF THE HOUSE John B. Clark, jr., of Missouri. John T. Morgan, Selma. ALABAMA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James T. Jones, Demopolis. Hilary A. Herbert, Montgomery. William C. Gates, Abbeville. Alexander C. Davidson, Uniontown. James L. Pugh, Eufaula. Thomas W. Sadler, Prattville. John M. Martin, Birmingham. William H. Forney, Jacksonville. Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. Augustus H. Garland, 4 Little Rock. James H. Berry, 5 Bentonville. REPRESENTATIVES. Poindexter Dunn, Forest City. Clifton R. Breckinridge, Pine Bluff. Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. CALIFORNIA. James K. Jones, Washington. John H. Rogers, Fort Smith. Samuel W. Peel, Bentonville. SENATORS. John F. Miller, 6 San Francisco. George Hearst, 7 San Francisco. Abram P. Williams, 8 San Francisco. Barclay Henley, Santa Rosa. J. A. Louttit, Stockton. Joseph McKenna, Suisun. REPRESENTATIVES. COLORADO. Leland Stanford, San Francisco. William W. Morrow, San Francisco. Charles N. Felton, San Francisco. Henry H. Markham, Pasadena. SENATORS. Thomas M. Bowen, Del Norte. Henry M. Teller, Central City. REPRESENTATIVE. George G. Symes, Denver. Died November 25, 1885. * Elected December 7, 1885; resigned February 22, 1887. a Elected February 25, 1887. * Resigned March 6, 1885, to become Attorney General. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Augustus H. Garland, and took bis seat March 25, 1885 (special session of the Senate) . 312 s Died March 8, 1886. 7 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of John F. Miller, and took his seat April 9, 1886. ' 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John F. Miller, and took his seat December 0, 1886. FORTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 313 CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orville H. Platt, Meriden. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. John R. Buck, Hartford. John T. Wait, Norwich. C. Le Moyne Mitchell, New Haven. Edward W. Seymour, Litchfield. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Thomas F. Bayard, 1 Wilmington. George Gray, 2 New Castle. Eli Saulsbury, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. Charles B. Lore, Wilmington. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Charl es W . Jones , ' Pensacola. Wilkinson Call , Jacksonville . REPRESENTATIVES. Robert H. M. Davidson, Quincy. Charles Dougherty, Port Orange. GEORGIA. Joseph E. Brown, Atlanta. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas M. Norwood, Savannah. Henry G. Turner, Quitman. Charles F. Crisp, Americus. Henry R. Hams, Greenville. Nathaniel J. Hammond, Atlanta. John A. Logan, 3 Chicago. Charles B. Farwell, 4 Chicago. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Ransom W. Dunham, Chicago. Frank Lawler, Chicago. James H. Ward, Chicago. George E. Adams, Chicago. Reuben Ell wood, 5 Sycamore. Albert J. Hopkins, 6 Aurora. Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton. Ralph Plumb, Streator. Lewis E. Payson, Pontiac. Nicholas E. Worthington, Peoria. INDIANA. SENATORS. Daniel W r . Voorhees, Terre Haute. REPRESENTATIVES. John J. Kleiner, Evansville. Thomas R. Cobb, Vincennes. Jonas G. Howard, Jeffersonville. William S. Holman, Aurora. Courtland C. Matson, Greencastle. Thomas M. Browne, Winchester. William D. Bynum, Indianapolis. Alfred H. Colquitt, Atlanta. James H. Blount, Macon. Judson C. Clements, La Fayette. Seaborn Reese, Sparta. Allen D. Candler, Gainesville. George T. Barnes, Augusta. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. William H. Neece, Macomb. James M. Riggs, Winchester. William M. Springer, Springfield. Jonathan H. Rowell, Blopmington. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. Silas Z. Landes, Mount Carmel. John R. Eden, Sullivan. William R. Morrison, Waterloo. Richard W. Townshend, Shawneetown. John R. Thomas, Metropolis. Benjamin Harrison, Indianapolis. James T. Johnston, Rockville. Thomas B. Ward, La Fayette. William D. Owen, Logansport. George W. Steele, 7 Marion. Robert Lowry, Fort Wayne. George Ford, South Bend. 1 Resigned March 6, 1885, to become Secretary of State. 2 Elected to flll vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas F. Bayard, and took his seat March 19, 1885 (special session of the Senate). 3 Died December 26, 1886. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John A. Logan, and took his seat January 25, 1887. 5 Died July 1, 1885, before the convening of the Congress. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Reuben Ell- wood, and took his seat December 7, '1885. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by Meredith H. Kidd. 314 CONGRESSIONAL. DIRECTORY. IOWA. SENATORS. William B. Allison, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Benton J. Hall, Burlington. Jeremiah H. Murphy, Davenport. David B. Henderson, Dubuque. William E. Fuller, West Union. Benjamin T. Frederick, Marshalltown. James B. Weaver, 1 Bloomfield. KANSAS. John J. Ingalls, Atchison. Edmund N. Morrill, Hiawatha. Edward H. Funston, lola. Bishop W. Perkins, Oswego. Thomas Ryan, Topeka. James B. Beck, Lexington. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Stone, Kuttawa. Polk Laffoon, Madison ville. John E. Halsell, Bowling Green. Thomas A. Robertson, Elizabeth town. Albert S. Willis, Louisville. John G. Carlisle, Covington. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Randall L. Gibson, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Louis St. Martin, New Orleans. Michael Hahn, 2 New Orleans. Nathaniel D. Wallace, 3 New Orleans. Edward J. Gay, Plaquemine. MAINE. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. Thomas B. Reed, Portland. Nelson Dingley, jr., Lewiston. Arthur Pue Gorman, Laurel. Charles H. Gibson, Easton. Frank T. Shaw, Westminster. William H. Cole, 4 Baltimore. Henry W. Rusk, 5 Baltimore. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James F. Wilson, Fairneld. Edwin H. Conger, Des Moines. William P. Hepburn, Clarinda. Joseph Lyman, Council Bluffs. Adoniram J. Holmes, Boone. Isaac S. Struble, Le Mars. Preston B. Plumb, Emporia. John A. Anderson, Manhattan. Lewis Hanback, Osborne. Samuel R. Peters, Newton. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. William C. P. Breckinridge, Lexington. James B. McCreary, Richmond. William H. Wadsworth, Maysville. William P. Taulbee, Saylersville. Frank L. Wolford. Columbia. James B. Eustis, New Orleans. Newton C. Blanchard, Shreveport. J. Floyd King, Vidalia. Alfred B. Irion, Marksville. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Seth L. Milliken, Belfast. Charles A. Boutelle, Bangor. Ephraim K. Wilson, Snow Hill. John V. L. Findlay, Baltimore. Barnes Compton, Laurel. Louis E. McComas, Hagerstown. MASSACHUSETTS. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert T. Davis, Fall River. John D. Long, Hingham. Ambrose A. Ranney, Boston. Patrick A. Collins, Boston. Edward D. Hayden, Woburn. Henry B. Lovering, Lynn. George F. Hoar, Worcester. Eben F. Stone, Newburyport. Charles H. Allen, Lowell. Frederick D. Ely, Dedham. William W. Rice, Worcester. William Whiting, Holyoke. Francis W. Rockwell, Pittsfield. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Frank G. Campbel. * Died March 15, 1886. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Michael Hahn, and took his seat December 9, 1886. * Died July 8, 188C. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William II. Cole, and took his seat December 6, 1886. FORTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 315 Omar D. Conger, Port Huron. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William C. Maybury, Detroit. Nathaniel B. Eldredge, Adrian. James O'Donnell, Jackson. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. Charles C. Cqmstock, Grand Rapids. Edwin B. Winans, Hamburg. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Samuel J. R. McMillan, St. Paul. REPRESENTATIVES. Milo White, Chatfield. James B. Wakefield, Blue Earth City. Horace B. Strait, Shakopee. MISSISSIPPI. James Z. George, Jackson. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Allen, Tupelo. James B. Morgan, Hernando. Thomas C. Catchings, Vicksburg. F. G. Barry, West Point. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Hatch, Hannibal. John B. Hale, Carroll ton. Alexander M. Dockery, Gallatin. James N. Burnes, St. Joseph. William Warner, Kansas City. John T. Heard, Sedalia. John E. Hutton, Mexico. NEBRASKA. Thomas W. Palmer, Detroit. Ezra C. Carleton, Port Huron. Timothy E. Tarsney, East Saginaw. Byron M. Cutcheon, Manistee. Spencer 0. Fisher, West Bay City. Seth C. Moffatt, Traverse City. Dwight M. Sabin, Stillwater. John B. Gilfillan, Minneapolis. Knute Nelson, Alexandria. Lucius Q. C. Lamar, 1 Oxford. Edward C. Walthall, 2 Grenada. Otho R. Singleton, Forest. Henry S. Van Eaton, Woodville. Ethelbert Barksdale, Jackson. George G. Vest, Kansas City. John J. O'Neill, St. Louis. John M. Glover, St. Louis. Martin L. Clardy, Farmington. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. William J. Stone, Nevada. William H. Wade, Springfield. William Dawson, New Madrid. SENATORS. Charles H. Van Wyck, Nebraska City. Charles F. Manderson, Omaha. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. E. Dorsey, Fremont. Archibald J. Weaver, Falls City. James Laird, Hastings. NEVADA. SENATORS. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. James G. Fair, Virginia City. REPRESENTATIVE . William Woodburn, Virginia City. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Henry W. Blair, Manchester. Austin F. Pike, 3 Franklin. Person C. Cheney, 4 Manchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Martin A. Haynes, Lake Village. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. 1 Resigned March 6, 1885. 3 Died October 8, 1886. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Lucius 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Austin F. Q. C. Lamar, and took his seat March 12, 1885 (in special ses- Pike, and took his seat December 7, 1886. sion of the Senate). 316 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. McPherson, Jersey City. REPRESENTATIVES. George Hires, Salem. James Buchanan, Trenton. Robert S. Green, 1 Elizabeth. James N. Pidcock, White House. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Warner Miller, Herkimer. REPRESENTATIVES. Perry Belmont, Babylon. Felix Campbell, Brooklyn. Darwin R. James, Brooklyn. Peter P. Mahoney, Brooklyn. Archibald M. Bliss, Brooklyn. Nicholas Muller, New York. John J. Adams, New York. Timothy J. Campbell, New York. Joseph Pulitzer/ New York. Samuel S. Cox, 3 New York. Abraham S. Hewitt, 4 New York. Truman A. Merriman, New York. Abram Dowdney, 5 New York. Egbert L. Viele, New York. William G. Stahlnecker, Yonkers. Lewis Beach, 6 Cornwall. Henry Bacon, 7 Goshen. John H, Ketcham, Dover Plains. William J. Sewell, Camden. William W. Phelps, Teaneck, Engle- wood. Herman Lehlbach, Newark. William McAdoo, Jersey City. William M. Evarts, New York City. James G. Lindsley, Rondout. Henry G. Burleigh, Whitehall. John Swinburne, Albany. George West, Ballston Spa. Frederick A. Johnson. Glens Falls. Abraham X. Parker, Potsdam. John T. Spriggs, Utica. John S. Pindar, Cobleskill. Frank Hiscock, Syracuse. Stephen C. Millard, Binghamton. Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. John Arnot, jr., 8 Elmira. Ira Davenport, Bath. Charles S. Baker, Rochester. John G. Sawyer, Albion. John M. Farquhar, Buffalo. John B. Weber, Buffalo. Walter L. Sessions, Jamestown. NORTH CAROLINA. Matt W. Ransom, Weldon. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas G. Skinner, Hertford. James E. O'Hara, Enfield. Wharton J. Green, Fayetteville. William R. Cox, Raleigh. James W. Reid, 9 Wentworth. OHIO. Zebulon B. Vance, Charlotte. Risden T. Bennett, Wadesboro. John S. Henderson, Salisbury. William H. H. Cowles, Wilkesboro. Thomas D. Johnston, Asheville. John Sherman, Mansfield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Butterworth, Cincinnati. Charles E. Brown. Cincinnati. James E. Campbell, Hamilton. Charles M. Anderson, Greenville. Benjamin LeFevre, Maple wood. William D. Hill, Defiance. George E. Seney, Tiffin. John Little, Xenia. William C. Cooper, Mount Vernon. Jacob Romeis, 10 Toledo. William W. Ellsberry, Georgetown. Henry B. Payne, Cleveland. Albert C. Thompson, Portsmouth. Joseph H. Outhwaite, Columbus. Charles H. Grosvenor, Athens. Beriah Wilkins, Uhrichsville. George W. Geddes, Mansfield. Adoniram J. Warner. Marietta. Isaac H. Taylor, Carrollton. Ezra B. Taylor, Warren. William McKinley, Canton. Martin A. Foran, Cleveland OREGON. Joseph N. Dolph, Portland. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Binger Hermann, Roseburg. John H. Mitchell, Portland. 'Resigned January 17, 1887. 2 Resigned April 10, 1886. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph Pu- litzer, and took his seat December 6, 188C. 4 Resigned December 30, 1886. * Died December 10, 1886; c eat vacant for remainder of the Congress. 6 Died August 10, 1886. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Lewis Beach, and took his seat December 6, 1886. 8 Died November 20, 1886; seat vacant for remainder of the Congress. 9 Resigned December 31 , 1886. '<> Election unsuccessfully contested by Frank H. Hurd. FORTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 317 PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. J. Donald Cameron, Harrisburg. REPRESENT TIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, Philadelphia. James B. Everhart, West Chester. I. Newton Evans, Hatboro. Daniel Ermentrout, Reading. John A. Hiestand, Lancaster. William H. Sowden, Allentown. John B. Storm, Stroudsburg. Joseph A. Scranton, Scranton. Charles N. Brumm, Minersville. Franklin Bound, Milton. John I. Mitchell, Wellsboro. Frank C. Bunnell, Tunkhannock. William W. Brown, Bradford. Jacob M. Campbell, Johnstown. Louis E. Atkinson, Mifflintown. John A. Swope, Gettysburg. Andrew G. Curtin, Bellefonte. Charles E. Boyle, Uniontown. James S. Negley, Pittsburgh. Thomas M. Bayne, Allegheny. Oscar L. Jackson, New Castle. Alexander C. White, Brookville. George W. Fleeger, Butler. William L. Scott, Erie. Edwin S. Osborne, Wilkes-Barre. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. Jonathan Chace, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry J. Spooner, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA. William A. Pirce, 1 Olneyville. Charles H. Page, 2 Scituate. Matthew C. Butler, Edgefield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Dibble, Orangeburg. George D. Tillman, Clarks Hill. D. Wyatt Aiken, Cokesbury. William H. Perry, Greenville. Isham G. Harris, Memphis. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Augustus H. Pettibone, Greenville. Leonidas C. Houk, Knoxville. John R. Neal, Rhea Springs. Benton McMillin, Carthage. James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. Wade Hampton, Charleston. John J. Hemphill, Chester. George W. Dargan, Darlington. Robert Smalls, Beaufort. Howell E. Jackson, 3 Nashville. Washington C. Whitthorne, 4 Columbia. Andrew J. Caldwell, Nashville. John G. Ballentine, Pulaski. John M. Taylor, Lexington. Presley T. Glass, Ripley. Zachary Taylor, Covington. TEXAS. Samuel B. Maxey, Paris. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Stewart, Houston. John H. Reagan, Palestine. James H. Jones, Henderson. David B. Culberson, Jefferson. James W. Throckmorton, McKinney. Olin Wellborn, Dallas. Richard Coke, Waco. William H. Grain, Cuero. James F. Miller, Gonzales. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. Joseph D. Sayers, Bastrop. Samuel W. T. Lanham, Weatherford. 'Served until January 25, 1887, when seat was declared vacant. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by declaring the seat of Wil- liam A. Pirce vacant, and took his seat February 25, 1887. ' Resigned April 14, 1886, to become United States Circuit Judge, Sixth Circuit. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Howell E. Jackson, and took his seat February 3, 1887. 318 CONGRESSIONAL DIBECTOBY. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. Justin S. Merrill, Strafford. REPRESENTATIVES. John W. Stewart, Middlebury. William W. Grout, Barton. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. William Mahone, Petersburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Croxton, Tappahannock. Harry Libbey, Old Point Comfort. George D. Wise, Richmond. James D. Brady, Petersburg. George C. Cabell, Danville. Harrison H. Riddleberger, Woodstock. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. Charles T. O'Ferrall, Harrisonburg. John S. Barbour, Alexandria. Connally F. Trigg, Abingdon. John R. Tucker, Lexington. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Johnson N. Camden, Parkersburg. John E. Kenna, Charleston. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathan Goff, jr., Clarksburg. William L. Wilson, Charlestown. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucien B. Caswell, Fort Atkinson. Edward S. Bragg, Fond du Lac. Robert M. La Follette, Madison. Isaac W. Van Schaick, Milwaukee. Joseph Rankin, 1 Manitowoc. Thomas R. Hudd, 2 Green Bay. Charles P. Snyder, Charleston. Eustace Gibson, Huntington. John C. Spooner, Hudson. Richard Guenther, Oshkosh. Ormsby B. Thomas, Prairie du Chien. William T. Price, 3 Black River Falls. Hugh H. Price, 4 Black River Falls. Isaac Stephenson, Marinette. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Curtis C. Bean, Prescott. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. DELEGATE. Oscar S. Gifford, Canton. TERRITORY OF IDAHO. DELEGATE. John Hailey, Boise City. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. DELEGATE. Joseph K. Toole, Helena. 1 Died January 24, 1886. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Joseph Rankin, and took his seat March 8, 1886. 3 Died December 6, 1886. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William T. Price, and took his seat February 2, 1887. FORTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 319 TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Antonio Joseph, Ojo Caliente. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. John T. Caine, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Charles S. Voorhees, Colfax. TERRITORY OF WYOMING. DELEGATE. Joseph M. Carey, Cheyenne. FIFTIETH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1887, TO MARCH 3, 1889. FIRST SESSION December 5, 1887, to October 20, 1888. SECOND SESSION December 3, 1888, to March 3, 1889. VICE PRESIDENT, 1 . PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE John J. Ingalls, of Kansas. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Anson G. McCook, of New York. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE John G. Carlisle, of Kentucky. CLERK OF THE HOUSE John B. Clark, jr., of Missouri. ALABAMA. SENATORS. John T. Morgan, Selma. James L. Pugh, Eufaula. REPRESENTATIVES. James T. Jones, Demopolis. James E. Cobb, Tuskegee. Hilary A. Herbert, Montgomery. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. William C. Gates, Abbeville. William H. Forney, Jacksonville. Alexander C. Davidson, 2 Uniontown. Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. James K. Jones, Washington. James H. Berry, Bentonville. REPRESENTATIVES. Poindexter Dunn, Forest City. John H. Rogers, Fort Smith. Clifton R. Breckinridge, Pine Bluff. Samuel W. Peel, Bentonville. Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Leland Stanford, San Francisco. George Hearst, San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas L. Tompson, Santa Rosa. William W. Morrow, San Francisco. Marion Biggs, Gridley. Charles N. Felton, San Francisco. Joseph McKenna, Suisun. William Vandever, 3 San Buena Ventura. COLORADO. SENATORS. Thomas M. Bowen, Del Norte. Henry M. Teller, Central City. REPRESENTATIVE. George G. Symes, Denver. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orville H. Platt, Meriden. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES . Robert J. Vance, New Britain. Charles A. Russell, Killingly. Carlos French, Seymour. Miles T. Granger, Canaan. i Vice President Thomas A. Ilendricks died in preceding 2 Election unsuccessfully contested by John V. McDuffle. Congress. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Joseph D. Lynch. 320 FIFTIETH CONGRESS. 321 DELAWARE. SENATORS. Eli Saulsbury, Dover. George Gray, New Castle. REPRESENTATIVE. John B. Penington, Dover. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Wilkinson Call, Jacksonville. REPRESENTATIVES . Robert H. M. Davidson, Quincy. GEORGIA. Joseph E. Brown, Atlanta. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas M. Norwood, Savannah. Henry G. Turner, Quitman. Charles F. Crisp, Americus. Thomas W. Grimes, Columbus. John D. Stewart, Griffin. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Ransom W. Dunham, Chicago. Frank Lawler, Chicago. William E. Mason, Chicago. George E. Adams, Chicago. Albert J. Hopkins, Aurora. Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton. Ralph Plumb, Streator. Lewis E. Pay son, Pontiac. Philip S. Post, 1 Galesburg. INDIANA. SENATORS. Daniel W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. REPRESENTATIVES. Alvin P. Hovey, 2 Mount Vernon. Frank P. Posey, 3 Poseyville. John H. O'Neall, Washington. Jonas G. Howard, Jeffersonville. William S. Holman, Aurora. Courtland C. Matson, Greencastle. Thomas M. Browne, Winchester. IOWA. William B. Allison, Dubuque. John H. Gear, Burlington. Walter I. Hayes, Clinton. David B. Henderson, Dubuque. William E. Fuller, West Union. Daniel Kerr, Grundy Center. James B. Weaver, Bloomfield. Samuel Pasco, Monticello. Charles Dougherty, Port Orange. Alfred H. Colquitt, Atlanta. James H. Blount, Macon. Judson C. Clements, Rome. Henry H. Carl ton, Athens. Allen D. Candler, Gainesville. George T. Barnes, Augusta. Charles B. Farwell, Chicago. William H. Gest, Rock Island. George A. Anderson, Quincy. William M. Springer, Springfield. Jonathan H. Rowell, Blopmington. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. Silas Z. Landes, Mount Carmel. Edward Lane, Hillsboro. Jehu Baker, Belleville. Richard W. Townshend, Shawneetown. John R. Thomas, Metropolis. David Turpie, Indianapolis. William D. Bynum, Indianapolis. James T. Johnston, Rockville. Joseph B. Cheadle, Frankfort. William D. Owen, Logansport. George W. Steele, Marion. James B. White, 4 Fort Wayne. Benjamin F. Shively, South Bend. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James F. Wilson, Fairfield. Edwin H. Conger, Des Moines. Albert R. Anderson, Sidney. Joseph Lyman, Council Bluffs. Adoniram J. Holmes, Boone. Isaac S. Struble, Le Mars. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Nicholas E. Worth- ington. 2 Resigned January 17, 1889. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 21 s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Alvin. P. Hovey, and took his seat February 6, 1889. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Robert Lowry. 322 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. John J. Ingalls, Atchison. Edmund N. Morrill, Hiawatha. Edward H. Funston, lola. Bishop W. Perkins, Oswego. Thomas Ryan, Topeka. KANSAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. KENTUCKY. Preston B. Plumb, Emporia. John A. Anderson, Manhattan. Erastus J. Turner, Hoxie. Samuel R. Peters, Newton. SENATORS. James B. Beck, Lexington. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Stone, Kuttawa. Polk Laffoon, Madison ville. W. Godfrey Hunter, Burksville. Alexander B. Montgomery, Elizabeth- town. Asher G. Caruth, Louisville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Randall L. Gibson, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Theodore S. Wilkinson, Plaquemines Parish. Matthew D. Lagan, New Orleans. Edward J. Gay, Plaquemine. MAINE. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. John G. Carlisle, 1 Covington. William C. P. Breckinridge, Lexington. James B. McCreary, Richmond. George M. Thomas, Vanceburg. William P. Taulbee, Saylersville. Hugh F. Finley, Williamsburg. James B. Eustis, New Orleans. Newton C. Blanchard, Shreveport. Cherubusco Newton, Bastrop. Edward W. Robertson,' 2 Baton Rouge. Samuel M. Robertson, 3 Baton Rouge. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. Thomas B. Reed, Portland. Nelson Dingley, jr., Lewiston. Arthur Pue Gorman, Laurel. Charles H. Gibson, Easton. Frank T. Shaw, Westminster. H. Welles Rusk, Baltimore. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Seth L. Milliken, Belfast. Charles A. Boutelle, Bangor. Ephraim K. Wilson, Snow Hill. Isidor Rayner, Baltimore. Barnes H. Compton, Laurel. Louis E. McComas, Hagerstown. MASSACHUSETTS. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. Robert T. Davis, Fall River. John D. Long, Hingham. Leopold Morse, Boston. Patrick A. Collins, Boston. Edward D. Hayden, Woburn. Henry C. Lodge, Nahant. Thomas W. Palmer, Detroit. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Logan Chipman, Detroit. Edward P. Allen, Ypsilanti. James O'Donnell, Jackson. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. Melbourne H. Ford, Grand Rapids. Mark S. Brewer, Pontiac. George F. Hoar, Worcester. William Cogswell, Salem. Charles II . Allen, Lowell. Edward Burnett, Southboro. John E. Russell, Leicester. William Whiting Holyoke. Francis W. Rockwell, Pittsfield. Francis B. Stockb ridge, Kalamazoo. Justin R. Whiting, St. Glair. Timothy E. Tarsney, East Saginaw. Byron M. Cutcheon, Manistee. Spencer O. Fisher, West Bay City. Seth C. Moffatt, 4 Traverse City. Henry W. Seymour, 5 Sault Ste. Marie. i Election unsuccessfully contested by George H. Thobe. * Died August 2, 1887. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Edward W. Robertson, and took his seat December 5, 1887. Died December 22, 1887. & Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Soth C. Moffatt, and took his seat December 3, 1888. FIFTIETH CONGRESS. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Dwight M. Sabin, Stillwater. Cushman K. Davis, St. Paul. REPRESENTATIVES. 323 Thomas Wilson, Winona. John Lind, New Ulm. John L. MacDonald, Shakopee. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. James Z. George, Carrollton. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Allen, Tupelo. James B. Morgan, Hernando. Thomas C. Catchings, Vicksburg. F. G. Barry, West Point. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Hatch, Hannibal. Charles H. Mansur, Chillicothe. Alexander M. Dockery, Gallatin. James N. Burnes, 1 St. Joseph. Charles F. Booher, 2 St. Joseph. William Warner, Kansas City. James T. Heard, Sedalia. John E. Hutton, Mexico. Edmund Rice, St. Paul. Knute Nelson, Alexandria. Edward C. Walthall, Grenada, Chapman Anderson, Kosciusko. Thomas R. Stockdale, Summit. Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. George G. Vest, Kansas City. John J. O'Neill, St. Louis, John M. Glover, 3 St. Louis, Martin L. Clardy, Farmington. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. William J. Stone, Nevada. William H. Wade, Springfield. James P. Walker, Dexter. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Charles F. Manderson, Omaha. Algernon S. Paddock, Beatrice. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. E. Dorsey, Fremont. John A. McShane, Omaha. James Laird, Hastings. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. NEVADA. SENATORS. William M. Stewart, Carson City. REPRESENTATIVE . William Woodburn, Virginia City. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Henry W. Blair, Manchester. William E. Chandler, 4 Concord. REPRESENTATIVES. Luther F. McKinney, Manchester. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. McPherson, Jersey City. REPRESENTATIVES. George Hires, Salem. James Buchanan, Trenton. John Kean, jr., Elizabeth. James N. Pidcock, White House. Rufus Blodgett, Long Branch. William W. Phelps, Teaneck, Engle- wood. Herman Lehlbach, Newark. William McAdoo, Jersey City. > Died January 23, 1889. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Nathan Frank. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James N. Burnes, < Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Austin F. Pike, and took his seat February 25, 1889. in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 5, 1887. 324 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NEW YORK. SENATORS. William M. Evarts, New York. REPRESENTATIVES. Perry Belmont, 1 Babylon. Felix Campbell ; Brooklyn. Stephen V. White, Brooklyn. Peter P. Mahoney, Brooklyn. Archibald M. Bliss, Brooklyn. Amos J. Cummings, New York. Lloyd S. Bryce, New York. Timothy J. Campbell, New York. Samuel S. Cox, New York. Francis B. Spinola, Stony Brook. Truman A. Merriman, New York. William B. Cockran, New York. Ashbel P. Fitch, New York. William G. Stahlnecker, Yonkers. Henry Bacon, Goshen. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. Stephen T. Hopkins, Catskill. Edward W. Greenman, Troy. Frank Hiscock, Syracuse. Nicholas T. Kane, 2 Albany. Charles Tracey, 3 Albany. George West, Ballston Spa. John H. Moffitt, Chateaugay Lake. Abraham X. Parker, Potsdam. James S. Sherman, Utica. David Wilber, Oneonta. James J. Belden, Syracuse. Milton De Lano, Canastota. Newton W. Nutting, Oswego. Thomas S. Flood, Elmira. Ira Davenport, Bath. Charles S. Baker, Rochester. John G. Sawyer, Albion. John M. Farquhar, Buffalo. John B. Weber, Buffalo. William G. Laidlaw, Ellicottville. NORTH CAROLINA. Matt W. Ransom, Weldon. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Louis C. Latham, Greenville. Furnifold M. Simmons, Newbern. Charles W. McClammy, Scotts Hill. John Nichols, Raleigh. John M. Brower, Mount Airy. OHIO. Zebulon B. Vance, Charlotte. Alfred Rowland, Lumberton. John S. Henderson, Salisbury. William H. H. Cowles, Wilkesboro. Thomas D. Johnston, Asheville. John Sherman, Mansfield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Butterworth, Cincinnati. Charles E. Brown, Cincinnati. Elihu S. Williams, Troy. Samuel S. Yoder, Lima. George E. Seney, Tiffin. M. M. Boothman, Bryan. James E. Campbell, Hamilton. Robert P. Kennedy, Belief ontaine. William C. Cooper, Mount Vernon. Jacob Romeis, Toledo. Albert C. Thompson, Portsmouth. Joseph N. Dolph, Portland. OREGON. SENATORS. Henry B. Payne, Cleveland. Jacob J. Pugsley, Hillsboro. Joseph H. Outhwaite, Columbus. Charles P. Wickham, Norwalk. Charles H. Grosvenor, Athens. Beriah Wilkins, Uhrichsyille. Joseph D. Taylor, Cambridge. William McKinley, jr., Canton. Ezra B. Taylor, Warren. George W. Grouse, Akron. Martin A. Foran, Cleveland. John H. Mitchell, Portland. REPRESENTATIVE . Binger Hermann. Roseburg. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. J. Donald Cameron, Harrisburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. Matthew S. Quay, Beaver. Alfred C. Harmer, Philadelphia. Smedley Darlington, West Chester. Robert M. Yardley, Doylestown. Daniel Ermentrout, Reading. 1 Resigned December 1, 1888, to become Minister to Spain; Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Nicholas T. seat vacant for remainder of the Congress. Kane, and took his seat December 5, 1887. 2 Died September 14, 1887. FIFTIETH CONGBESS. 325 John A. Heistand, Lancaster. William H. Sowden, Allentown. Charles R. Buckalew, Bloomsburg. John Lynch, Wilkes-Barre. Charles N. Brumm, Minersville. Franklin Bound, Milton. Frank C. Bunnell, Tunkhannock. Henry C. McCormick, Williamsport. Edward Scull, Somerset. Louis E. Atkinson, Mifflintown. Levi Maish, York. John Patton, Curwensville. Welty McCullogh, Greensburg. John Dalzell, Pittsburgh. Thomas M. Bane, Allegheny. Oscar L. Jackson, New Castle. James T. Maffett, Clarion. Norman Hall, Sharon. William L. Scott, Erie. Edwin S. Osborne, Wilkes-Barre. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. Jonathan Chace, Providence. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry J. Spooner, Providence. Warren O. Arnold, Gloucester. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Matthew C. Butler, Edgefield. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Dibble, Orangeburg. George D. Tillman, Clarks Hill. James S. Cothran, Abbeville. William H. Perry, Greenville. Isham G. Harris, Memphis. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Roderick R. Butler, Mountain City. Leonidas C. Houk, Knoxville. John R. Neal, Rhea Springs. Benton McMillin, Carthage. James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. TEXAS. SENATORS. Richard Coke, W T aco. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Stewart, Houston. William H. Martin, Athens. Constantine B. Kilgore, Wills Point. David B. Culberson, Jefferson. Silas Hare, Sherman. Jo Abbott, Hillsboro. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. John W. Stewart, Middlebury. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Harrison H. Riddleberger, Woodstock. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. B. Browne, Accomac. George E. Bowden, Norfolk. George D. Wise, Richmond. William E. Gaines, Burkeville. John R. Brown, Martinsville. Wade Hampton, Charleston. John J. Hemphill, Chester. George W. Dargan, Darlington. William Elliott, 1 Beaufort'. William B. Bate, Nashville. Joseph E. Washington, Cedar Hill. Washington C. Whitthorne, Columbia. Benjamin A. Enloe, Jackson. Presley T. Glass, Ripley. James Phelan, Memphis. John H. Reagan, Palestine. William H. Grain, Cuero. Littleton W. Moore, Lagrange. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. Joseph D. Sayers, Bastrop. Samuel W. T. Lanham, Weatherford. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. William W. Grout, Barton. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. Samuel J. Hopkins, Lynchburg. Charles T. O'Ferrall, Harrisonburg. William H. F. Lee, Burkes Station. Henry Bowen, Tazewell. Jacob Yost, Staunton. Election unsuccessfully contested by Robert Smalls. 326 CONGKESSIONAL DIRECTORY. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John E. Kenna, Charleston. Charles J. Faulkner, 1 Martinsburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Nathan Goff, jr., Clarksburg, Charles P. Snyder, Charleston. William L. Wilson, Charles Town. Charles E. Hogg, Point Pleasant. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. John C. Spooner, Hudson. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucien B. Caswell, Fort Atkinson. Charles B. Clark, Neenah. Richard Guenther, Oshkosh. Ormsby B. Thomas, Prairie du Chien. Robert M. La Follette, Madison. Nils P. Haugen, River Falls. Henry Smith, Milwaukee. Isaac Stephenson, Marinette. Thomas R. Hudd, Green Bay. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Marcus A. Smith, Tombstone. TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. DELEGATE. Oscar S. Gifford, Canton. TERRITORY OF IDAHO. DELEGATE. Fred. T. Dubois, Blackfoot. TERRITORY OF MONTANA. DELEGATE. Joseph K. Toole, Helena. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Antonio Joseph, Ojo Caliente. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. John T. Caine, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. DELEGATE. Charles S. Voorhees, Colfax. TERRITORY OF WYOMING. DELEGATE. Joseph M. Carey, Cheyenne. i The legislature of West Virginia had met and adjourned ner was chosen; credentials of both were presented Decem- without electing a Senator for the term beginning March 4, ber5, 1887, and Mr. Faulkner appeared to be sworn; objec- 1887; on March 5, 1887, the Governor appointed Daniel B. tion was made and he was not permitted to qualify; Decem- Lucas to fill such vacancy; on the same day he issued a proc- ber 14, 1887, the Senate adopted a report from the Committee lamation calling the legislature in extraordinary session for on Privileges and Elections, to whom all papers were referred eight specific purposes, the election of Senator not being on the 12th, declaring Mr. Faulkner duly elected and entitled named as one of them; immediately it had assembled, the to the seat; appeared, qualified, and took his seat the same legislature proceeded to elect a Senator, and Charles J. Faulk- day. FIFTY-FIRST CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1889, TO MARCH 3, 1891. FIRST SESSION December 2, 1889, to October 1, 1890. SECOND SESSION December 1, 1890, to March 2, 1891. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1889, to April 2, 1889. VICE PRESIDENT Levi P. Morton, of New York. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PEO TEMPORE John J. lugalls, ' of Kansas; Charles F. Manderson,-' of Nebraska. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Anson G. McCook, of New York. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Thomas B. Reed, of Maine. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Edward McPherson, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. John T. Morgan, Selma. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard H. Clarke, 3 Mobile. Hilary A. Herbert, Montgomery. William C. Gates, Abbeville. Louis W. Turpin, 4 Newbern. John V. McDuffie, 5 Hayneville. ARKANSAS. James K. Jones, Washington. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Gate, 6 Forest City. Lewis P. Featherston, 7 Forest City. Clifton R. Breckinridge, 8 Pine Bluff. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Leland Stanford, San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. John J. De Haven, 10 Eureka. Thomas J. Geary, 11 Santa Rosa. Marion Biggs, Gridley. Joseph McKenna, Suisun. COLORADO. SENATORS. Henry M. Teller, Central City. REPRESENTATIVE. Hosea Townsend, Silver James L. Pugh, Eufaula. James E. Cobb, Tuskegee. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. William H. Forney, Jacksonville. Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. James H. Berry, Bentonville. Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. John H. Rogers, Fort Smith. Samuel W. Peel, Bentonville. George Hearst, 9 San Francisco. William W. Morrow, San Francisco. Thomas J. Clunie, San Francisco. William Vandever, San Buenaventura. Edward 0. Wolcott, Denver. Cliff. 1 Elected March 7, 1889 (special session of the Senate); April 2, 1889 (special session of the Senate) ; February 28, 1890, and April 3, 1890; resigned February 19, 1891. 2 Elected March 2, 1891. s Election unsuccessfully contested by Frank II. Threet. < Served until June 4, 1890; succeeded by John V. McDuflie, who contested his election. Successfully contested the election of Louis W. Turpin, and took his seat June 4, 1890. 6 Served until March 5, 1890; succeeded by Lewis P. Featherston, who contested his election. 7 Successfully contested the election of William H. Gate, and took his seat March 5, 1890. 8 Election contested by John M. Clayton who died while case was pending; served until September 5, 1890, when Clayton was declared to have been elected and the seat vacant: sub ;equently elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John M. Clayton, and took his seat December 1, 1890. ' Died February 28, 1891. 10 Resigned October 1, 1890. u Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John J. De Haven, and took his seat December 9, 1890. 327 328 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. Orville H. Platt, Meriden. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. William E. Simonds, Canton. Charles A. Russell, Killingly. Washington F. Wilcox, Chester. Frederick Miles, Chapinville. George Gray, New Castle. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Anthony Higgins, Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. John B. Penington, Dover. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Wilkinson Call, Jacksonville. Samuel Pasco, Monticello. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert H. M. Davidson, Quincy. Joseph E. Brown, Atlanta. RufusE. Lester, Savannah. Henry G. Turner, Quitman. Charles F. Crisp, Americus. Thomas W. Grimes, Columbus. John D. Stewart, Griffin. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. IDAHO. 1 Robert Bullock, Ocala. Alfred H. Colquitt, Atlanta. James H. Blount, Macon. Judson C. Clements, Rome. Henry H. Carlton, Athens. Allen D. Candler, Gainesville. George T. Barnes, Augusta. SENATORS. * George L. Shoup, 3 Salmon City. William J. McConnell, 4 Moscow. REPRESENTATIVE. Willis Sweet, 5 Moscow. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Abner Taylor, Chicago. Frank Lawler, Chicago. William E. Mason, Chicago. George E. Adams, Chicago. Albert J. Hopkins, Aurora. Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton. Charles A. Hill, Joliet. Lewis E. Payson, Pontiac. Philip S. Post, Galesburg. William H. Gest, Rock Island. INDIANA. Daniel W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William F. Parrett, 8 Evansville. John H. O'Neall, Washington. Jason B. Brown, Seymour. William S. Holman, Aurora. George W. Cooper, Columbus. Thomas M. Browne, Winchester. William D. Bynum, Indianapolis. Charles B. Farwell, Chicago. Scott Wike, Pittsfield. William M. Springer, Springfield. Jonathan H. Rowell, Blopmington. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. George W. Fithian, Newton. Edward Lane, Hillsboro. William S. Forman, Nashville. Richard W. Townshend, 6 Shawn eetown. James R. Williams, 7 Carmi. George W. Smith, Murphysboro. David Turpie, Indianapolis. Elijah V. Brookshire, Crawfordsville. Joseph B. Cheadle, Frankfort. William D. Owen, Logansport. Augustus N. Martin, Bluffton. Charles A. 0. McClellan, Auburn. Benjamin F. Shively, South Bend. 1 Admitted as a State into the Union July 3, 1890. 2 In addition to those of the Senators named below the cre- dentials of Fred T. Dubois, elected " for the term of six years from March 4, 1891," were presented December 30, 1890; the Senate refused to consider them prior to the beginning of the Fifty-second Congress, in which they were to become effective. 3 Took his seat December 29, 1890; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1895. < Took his seat January 5, 1891; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1891. 5 Took his seat December 1, 1890. e Died March 9, 1889. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Richard W. Townsend, and took his seat December 2, 1889. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by Francis B. Posey. FIFTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 329 IOWA. SENATORS. William B. Allison, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Gear, Burlington. Walter I. Hayes, Clinton. David B. Henderson, Dubuque. Joseph H. Sweney, Osage. Daniel Kerr, Grundy Center. John F. Lacey, Oskaloosa. John J. Ingalls, Atchison. KANSAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Edmund N. Morrill, Hiawatha. Edward H. Funston, lola. Bishop W. Perkins, Oswego. Thomas Ryan, 3 Topeka. James F. Wilson, Fairfield. Edwin H. Conger, 1 Des Moines. Edward R. Hays, 2 Knoxville. James P. Flick, Bedford. Joseph R. Reed, Council Bluffs. Jonathan P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. Isaac S. Struble, Le Mars. Preston B. Plumb, Emporia. Harrison Kelley, 4 Burlington. John A. Anderson, Manhattan. Erastus J. Turner, Hoxie. Samuel R. Peters, Newton. KENTUCKY. James B. Beck, 5 Lexington. John G. Carlisle, 6 Covington. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . William J. Stone, Kuttawa. William T. Ellis, Owensboro. Isaac H. Goodnight, Franklin. Alexander B. Montgomery, Elizabeth town. Asher G. Caruth, Louisville. John G. Carlisle, 7 Covington. LOUISIANA. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. William W. Dickerson, 8 Williamstown . William C. P. Breckinridge, Lexington. James B. McCreary, Richmond. Thomas H. Paynter, Greenup. John H. Wilson, Barboursville. Hugh F. Finley, Williamsburg. SENATORS. Randall L. Gibson, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Theodore S. Wilkinson, Plaquemines Parish. Hamilton D. Coleman, New Orleans. Edward J. Gay, 9 Lafourche Parish. Andrew Price, 10 Thibodaux. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. Thomas B. Reed, Portland. Nelson Dingley, jr., Lewiston. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. James B. Eustis, New Orleans. Newton C. Blanchard, Shreveport. Charles J. Boatner, Monroe. Samuel M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Seth L. Milliken, Belfast. Charles A. Boutelle, Bangor. SENATORS. Arthur Pue Gorman, Laurel. REPRESENTATIVES . Charles H. Gibson, Easton. Herman Stump, Belair. Harry Welles Rusk, Baltimore. Henry Stockbridge, jr., Baltimore. Ephraim K. Wilson, 11 Snow Hill. Barnes H. Compton, 12 Laurel. Sydney E. Mudd, 13 Bryan town. Louis E. McComas, Hagerstown. 1 Resigned October 3, 1890. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edwin H. Conger, and took his seat December 1, 1890. s Resigned April 4, 1889. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas Ryan and took his seat December 2, 1889. s Died May 3, 1890. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James B. Beck, and took his seat May 20, 1890. 7 Resigned May 26, 1890, having been elected Senator. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John G. Carlisle, and took his seat June 30, 1890. 9 Died May 30, 1889. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward J. Gay, and took his seat December 2, 1889. 11 Died February 24, 1891. 12 Served until March 20, 1890; succeeded by Sydney E. Mudd, who contested his election. 1 3 Successfully contested the election of Barnes H. Compton and took his seat March 20, 1890. 330 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MA S S ACHTJSETT S . SENATORS. Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles S. Randall, New Bedford. Elijah A. Morse, Canton. John F. Andrew, Boston. Joseph H. O'Neil, Boston. Nathaniel P. Banks, Waltham. H. Cabot Lodge. Nahant. MICHIGAN. George F. Hoar, Worcester. William Cogswell, Salem. Frederic T. Greenhalge, Lowell. John W. Candler, Brookline. Joseph H. Walker, Worcester. Rodney Wallace, Fitchburg. Francis W. Rockwell, Pittsfield. SENATORS. Francis B. Stockbridge, Kalamazoo. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Logan Chipman, Detroit. Edward P. Allen, Ypsilanti. James O'Donnell, Jackson. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. Charles E. Beiknap, Grand Rapids. Mark S. Brewer, Pontiac. MINNESOTA. James McMillan, Detroit. Justin R. Whiting, St. Clair. Aaron T. Bliss, Saginaw. Byron M. Cutcheon, Manistee. Frank W. Wheeler, West Bay City. Samuel M. Stephenson, Menominee. Cushman K. Davis, St. Paul. Mark H. Dunn ell, Owatonna. John Lind, New Ulm. Darwin S. Hall, Stewart. James Z. George, Carrollton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Allen, Tupelo. John B. Morgan, 1 Hernando. Thomas C. Catchings, Vicksburg. Clarke Lewis, Cliftonville. William D. Washburn, Minneapolis. Samuel P. Snider, Minneapolis. Solomon G. Comstock, Moorhead. Edward C. Walthall, Grenada. Chapman L. Anderson, Kosciusko. Thomas R. Stockdale, Summit. Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Hatch, Hannibal. Charles H. Mansur, Chillicothe. Alexander M. Dockery, Gallatin. Robert P. C. Wilson, 2 Platte City. John C. Tarsney, Kansas City. John T. Heard, Sedalia. Richard H. Norton, Troy. Frederick G. Niedringhaus, St. Louis. MONTANA. 5 George G. Vest, Kansas City. Nathan Frank, St. Louis. William M. Kinsey, St. Louis. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. William J. Stone, Nevada. William H. Wade, Springfield. James P. Walker, 3 Dexter. Robert H. Whitelaw, 4 Cape Girardeau. SENATORS. 6 Thomas C. Power, 7 Helena. Wilbur F. Sanders, 8 Helena. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas H. Carter, 9 Helena. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by James R. Chalmers. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James N. Burnes, before the commencement of Congress, and took his seat De- cember 2, 1889. 3 Died July 20, 1890. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James P. Walker, and took his seat December 1, 1890. 5 Admitted as a State into the Union November 8, 1889. c William A. Clark and Martin Maginnis presented papers purporting to be credentials of their election, January 23, 1890; the four claimants were given privileges of the floor pending the contest; by resolutions of April 16, 1890, Clark and Ma- ginnis were declared not entitled to seats and Power and Sanders entitled thereto. 7 Took his seat April 16, 1890; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1895. 8 Took his seat April 16, 1890; term to expire, as determined by lot, March 3, 1893. f Took his seat December 2, 1889. FIFTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 331 NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Charles F. Manderson, Omaha. Algernon S. Paddock, Beatrice. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Connell, Omaha. Gilbert L. Laws, 2 McCook. James Laird, 1 Hastings. George W. E. Dorsey, Fremont. NEVADA. SENATORS. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. William M. Stewart, Carson City. REPRESENTATIVE. Horace F. Bartine, Carson City. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Henry W. Blair, Manchester. Alonzo Nute, Farmington. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. McPherson, Jersey City. REPRESENTATIVES. Christopher A. Bergen, Camden. James Buchanan, Trenton. Jacob A. Geissenhainer, Freehold. Samuel Fowler, Newton. NEW YORK. SENATORS. William M. Evarts, New York. REPRESENTATIVES. James W. Covert, Long Island City. Felix Campbell, Brooklyn. William C. Wallace, Brooklyn. John M. Clancy, Brooklyn. Thomas F. Magner, Brooklyn. Frank T. Fitzgerald, 5 New York. Charles H. Turner, 6 New York. Edward J. Dunphy, New York. John H. McCarthy, 7 New York. Samuel S. Cox, 8 New York. Amos J. Cummings, 9 New York. Francis B. Spinola, New York. John Quinn, New York. Roswell P. Flower, New York. Ashbel P. Fitch, New York. William G. Stahlnecker, Yonkers. Moses D. Stivers, Middletown. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. Charles J. Knapp, Deposit. Gilman Marston, 3 Exeter. William E. Chandler, 4 Concord. Orren C. Moore, Nashua. Rufus Blodgett, Long Branch. Charles D. Beckwith, Paterson. Herman Lehlbach, Newark. William McAdoo, Jersey City. Frank Hiscock, Syracuse. John A. Quackenbush, Stillwater. Charles Tracey, Albany. John Sanford, Amsterdam. John H. Moffitt, Chateaugay Lake. Frederick Lansing, Watertown. James S. Sherman, TJtica. David Wilber, 10 Oneonta. JohnS. Pindar, 11 Cobleskill. James J. Belden, Syracuse. Milton De Lano, Canastota* Newton W. Nutting, 12 Mexico. Sereno E. Payne, 13 Auburn. Thomas S. Flood, Elmira. John Raines, Canandaigua. Charles S. Baker, Rochester. John G. Sawyer, Albion. John M. Farquhar, Buffalo. John M. Wiley, East Aurora. William G. Laidtaw, Ellicottville. NORTH CAROLINA. Matt W. Ransom, Weldon. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas G. Skinner. Hertford. Henry P. Cheatham, Henderson. Charles W. McClammy, Scotts Hill. Benjamin H. Bunn, Rocky Mount. John M. Brower, Mount Airy. Zebulon B. Vance, Charlotte. Alfred Rowland, Lumberton. John S. Henderson, Salisbury. William H. H. Cowles, Wilkesboro. Hamilton G. Ewart, Hendersonville. 1 Died August 17, 1889. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James Laird, and took his seat December 2, 1889. 3 Appointed to fill vacancy in term commencing March 4, 1880, during the recess of the legislature. Elected for the term commencing March 4, 1889. Died November 4, 1889, before the assembling of the Con- gress. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Frank T. Fitzgerald and took his seat December 9, 1889. I Resigned January 14, 1891. 8 Died September 10, 18S9. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Samuel S. Cox, and took his seat December 2, 1889. 10 Died April 1, 1890. II Elected to fill vcacany caused by death of David Wilber, and took his seat December 1, 1890. n Died October 15, 1889. i 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Newton W. Nutting, and took his seat'December 2, 1889. 332 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NORTH DAKOTA. 1 SENATORS. Lyman R. Casey, 2 Jamestown. Gilbert A. Pierce, 3 Fargo. REPRESENTATIVE. Henry C. Hansbrough, 4 Devils Lake. OHIO. John Sherman, Mansfield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin Butterworth, Cincinnati. John A. Caldwell, Cincinnati. Elihu S. Williams, Troy. Samuel S. Yoder, Lima, George E. Seney, Tiffin. M. M. Boothman, Bryan. Henry L. Morey, Hamilton. Robert P. Kennedy, Bellefontaine. William C. Cooper, Mount Vernon. William E. Haynes, Fremont. Albert C. Thompson, Portsmouth. Henry B. Payne, Cleveland. Jacob J. Pugsley, Hillsboro. Joseph H. Outhwaite, Columbus. Charles P. Wickham, Norwalk. Charles H. Grosvenor, Athens. James W. Owens, Newark. Joseph D. Taylor, Cambridge. William McKinley, jr., Canton. Ezra B. Taylor, Warren. Martin L. Smyser, Wooster. Theodore E. Burton, Cleveland. OREGON. SENATORS. Joseph N. Dolph, Portland. John H. Mitchell, Portland. REPRESENTATIVE . Binger Herman, Roseburg. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. J. Donald Cameron, Harrisburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. Samuel J. Randall, 5 Philadelphia. Richard Vaux, 6 Philadelphia. William D. Kelley, 7 Philadelphia. John E. Reyburn, 8 Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, Philadelphia. Smedley Darlington, West Chester. Robert M. Yardley, Doylestown. William Mutchler, Easton. David B. Brunner, Reading. Marriott Brosius, Lancaster. Joseph A. Scranton, Scranton. Edwin S. Osborne, Wilkes-Barre. James B. Reilly, Potts ville. John W. Rife, Middletown. Matthew S. Quay, Beaver. Myron B. Wright, Susquehanna. Henry C. McCormick, Williamsport. Charles R. Buckalew, Bloomsburg. Louis E. Atkinson, Mifflintown. Levi Maish, York. Edward Scull, Somerset. Samuel A. Craig, Brookville. John Dalzell, Pittsburgh. Thomas M. Bayne, Allegheny. Joseph W. Ray, Waynesburg. Charles C. Townsend, New Brighton. William C. Culbertson, Girard. Lewis F. Watson, 9 Warren. Charles W. Stone, 10 Warren. James Kerr, Clearfield. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. Jonathan Chace, 11 Central Falls. Nathan F. Dixon, 12 Westerly. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry J. Spooner, Providence. Warren O. Arnold, Gloucester. Admitted as a State into the Union November 2, 1889. 2 Took his seat. December 4, 1889; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1893. 'Took his seat December 4, 1889; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1891. 4 Took his seat December 2, 1889. 6 Died April 13, 1890. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Samuel J. Ran- dall, and took his seat May 28, 1890. ' Died January 9, 1890. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William D. Kelley, and took his seat February 24, 1890. 3 Died August 25, 1890. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Lewis F . Watson, and took his seat December 1, 1890. 11 Resigned April 9, 1889. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jonathan Chace, and took his seat December 2, 1889. FIFTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 333 SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Matthew C. Butler, Edgefield. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel Dibble, Orangeburg. George D. Tillman, Clarks Hill. James S. Cothran, Abbeville. William H. Perry, Greenville. Wade Hampton, Charleston. John J. Hemphill, Chester. George W. Dargan, Darlington. William Elliott, 1 Beaufort. Thomas E. Miller, 2 Beaufort. SOUTH DAKOTA/ 5 SENATORS. Richard F. Pettigrew, 4 Sioux Falls. Oscar S. Gifford, 6 Canton. Isham G. Harris, Memphis. REPRESENTATIVES. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred A. Taylor, Johnson City. Leonidas C. Houk, Knoxville. H. Clay Evans, Chattanooga. Benton McMillin, Carthage. James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. TEXAS. SENATORS. Richard Coke, Waco. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Stewart, Houston. William H. Martin, Athens. Constantine B. Kilgore, Wills Point. David B. Culberson, Jefferson. Silas Hare, Sherman. Jo Abbott, Hillsboro. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmunds, Burlington. REPRESENTATIVES. John W. Stewart, Middlebury. VIRGINIA. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. B. Browne, Accomac. George E. Bowden, Norfolk. George D. Wise, 8 Richmond. Edmund Waddill, jr., 9 Henrico County. Edward C. Venable, 10 Petersburg. John M. Langston, 11 Petersburg. Gideon C. Moody, 5 Deadwood. John A. Pickler, 6 Faulkton. William B. Bate, Nashville. Joseph E. Washington, Cedar Hill. Washington C. Whitthorne, Columbia. Benjamin A. Enloe, Jackson. Rice A. Pierce, Union City. James Phelan, 7 Memphis. John H. Reagan, Palestine. William H. Grain, Cuero. Littleton W. Moore, La grange. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. Joseph D. Savers, Bastrop. Samuel W. T. Lanham, Weatherford. Justin S. Morrill, Straff ord. William W. Grout, Barton. John S. Barbour, Alexandria. Posey G. Lester, Floyd. Paul C. Edmunds, Halifax County. Charles T. O'Ferrall, Harrisonburg. William H. F. Lee, Burkes Station. John A. Buchanan, 12 Abingdon. Henry St. George Tucker, Staunton. WASHINGTON. 1 SENATORS. John B. Allen, 14 Walla Walla. Watson C. Squire, 15 Seattle. REPRESENTATIVE. John L. Wilson, 16 Spokane Falls. ' Served until September 23, 1890; succeeded by Thomas E. Miller, who contested his election 2 Successfully contested the election of William Elliott, and took his seat September 24, 1890. a Admitted as a State into the Union November 2, 1889. 4 Took his seat December 2, 1889; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1895. & Took his seat December 2, 1889; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1891. Took his seat December 2, 1889. ' Died January 30, 1891. 8 Served until April 10, 1890; succeeded by Edmund Wad- dill, jr., who contested his election. s Successfully contested the election of George D. Wise, and took his seat April 12, 1890. i Served until September 23, 1890; succeeded by John M. Langston, who contested his election. 11 Successfully contested the election of Edward C. Venable, and took his seat September 23, 1890. It was in connection with this case that the minority party adopted for the first time the plan of withdrawing in a body from the hall of the House, to avoid being counted as part of a quorum. 12 Election unsuccessfully contested by Henry Bowen. is Admitted as a State into the Union November 11, 1889. n Took his seat December 2, 1889; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1893. 15 Took his seat December 2, 1889; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1891. IB Took his seat December 2, 1889. 334 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John E. Kenna, Charleston. REPRESENTATIVES. John 0. Pendleton, 1 Wheeling. George W. Atkinson, 2 Wheeling. William L. Wilson, Charlestown. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. REPRESENTATIVES. Lucien B. Caswell, Fort Atkinson. Charles Earwig, Mayville. Robert M. La Follette, Madison. Isaac W. Van Schaick, Milwaukee. George H. Brickner, Sheboygan. WYOMING. 5 SENATORS. Joseph M. Carey, 6 Cheyenne. REPRESENTATIVE. Clarence D. Clark, 8 Evanston. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Marcus A. Smith, 9 Tombstone. TERRITORY OP IDAHO. 10 DELEGATE. Fred T. Dubois, 11 Blackfoot. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Antonio Joseph, Ojo Caliente. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. John T. Caine, Salt Lake City. TERRITORY OF WYOMING. 12 DELEGATE. Joseph M. Carey, 13 Cheyenne. TERRITORY OF OKLAHOMA. 14 DELEGATE. David A. Harvey, 15 Oklahoma City. Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. John D. Alderson, Nicholas. J. Monroe Jackson, 3 Parkersburg. Charles B. Smith, 4 Parkersburg. John C. Spooner, Hudson. Charles B. Clark, Neenah. Ormsby B. Thomas, Prairie du Chien. Nils P. Haugen, River Falls. Myron H. McCord, Merrill. Francis E. Warren, 7 Cheyenne. 1 Served until February 23, 1890; succeeded by George W. Atkinson, who contested his election. 2 Successfully contested the election of John O. Pendleton, and took his seat February 26, 1890. * Served until February 3, 1830; succeeded by Charles B. Smith, who contested his election. It was in connection with the final votes in this case that Speaker Reed, for the first tune, made his parliamentary ruling regarding the " counting of a quorum." 4 Successfully contested the election of J. Monroe Jackson, and took his seat February 3, 1890. & Admitted as a State into the Union July 10, 1890. 6 Took his seat December 1, 1890; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1895. 7 Took his seat December 1, 1890; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1893. Took his seat December 1, 1890. 9 Took his seat January 6, 1890. 10 Granted statehood by act of Congress approved July 3, 1890. 11 Served until July 3, 1890, when the territory of Idaho was elevated to statehood. 12 Granted statehood by act of Congress approved July 10, 1890. i* Served until July 10, 1890, when the territory of Wyoming was elevated to statehood; subsequently elected Senator from the new state, and took his seat in the Senate December 1, 1890. i Formed from a portion of Indian Territory, and from that portion of the United States known as the " Public Land Strip"; provided a territorial government and the right to Delegate representation in Congress, by act of May 2, 1890. is Took his seat December 1, 1890. FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1891, TO MARCH 3, 1893. FIRST SESSION December 7, 1891, to August 5, 1892. SECOND SESSION December 5, 1892, to March 3, 1893. VICE-PEESIDENT Levi P. Morton, of New York. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Charles F. Manderson, of Nebraska. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Anson G. Me Cook, of New York. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Charles F. Crisp, of Georgia. CLERK OF THE HOUSE James Kerr, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. John T. Morgan, Selma. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard H. Clarke, Mobile. Hilary A. Herbert, Montgomery. William C. Gates, Abbeville. Louis W. Turpin, 1 Newbern. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. James K. Jones, Washington. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Gate, Jonesboro. Clifton R. Breckinridge, Pine Bluff. Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Leland Stanford, San Francisco. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas J. Geary, Santa Rosa. Anthony Caminetti, Jackson. Joseph McKenna, :i Suisun. Samuel G. Hilborn, 4 Oakland. COLORADO. James L. Pugh, Eufaula. James E. Cobb, Tuskegee. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. William H. Forney, Jacksonville. Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. James H. Berry, Bentonville. William L. Terry, Little Rock. Samuel W. Peel, Bentonville. Charles N. Felton, 2 San Francisco. John T. Cutting, San Francisco. Eugene F. Loud, San Francisco. William W. Bowers, San Diego. SENATORS. Henry M. Teller, Central City. Edward O. Wolcott, Denver. REPRESENTATIVE. Hosea Townsend, Silver Cliff. CONNECTICUT. Orville H. Platt, Meriden. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Lewis Sperry, Hartford. Washington F. Wilcox, Chester. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. Charles A. Russell, Killingly. Robert E. De Forest, Bridgeport. i Election unsuccessfully contested by John V. McDuffle. a Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George Hearst in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 7, 1891. 3 Resigned March 23, 1892. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph Me Kenna, and took his seat December 5, 1892. 335 336 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. DELAWARE. SENATORS. George Gray, New Castle. Anthony Higgins, Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE. John W. Causey, Milford. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Wilkinson Call, 1 Jacksonville. Samuel Pasco, Monticello. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen R. Mallory, Pensacola. Robert Bullock, Ocala. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Alfred H. Colquitt, Atlanta. John B. Gordon, Atlanta. REPRESENTATIVES. Rufus E. Lester, Savannah. Henry G. Turner, Quitman. Charles F. Crisp, Americus. Charles L. Moses, Turin. Leonidas F. Livingston, Atlanta. James H. Blount, Macon. Robert W. Everett, Fish. Thomas G. Lawson, Eatonton. Thomas E. Winn, Gwinnett county. Thomas E. Watson, Thomson. IDAHO. SENATORS. George L. Shoup, Salmon City. Fred T. Dubois, 2 Blackfoot. REPRESENTATIVE. Willis Sweet, Moscow. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Abner Taylor, Chicago. Lawrence E. McGann, Chicago. Allan C. Durborow, jr., Chicago. Walter C. Newberry, Chicago. Albert J. Hopkins, Aurora. Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton. Lewis Steward, Piano. Herman W. Snow, Sheldon. Philip S. Post, Galesburg. INDIANA. SENATORS. Daniel W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. REPRESENTATIVES. William F. Parrett, Evansville. John L. Bretz, Jasper. Jason B. Brown, Seymour. William S. Holman, Aurora. George W. Cooper, Columbus. Henry U. Johnson, Richmond. William D. Bynum, Indianapolis. J. McAuley Palmer, Springfield. Benjamin T. Cable, Rock Island. Scott Wike, Pittsfield. William M. Springer, Springfield. Owen Scott, Bloomington. Samuel T. Busey, Urbana. George W. Fithian, Newton. Edward Lane, Hillsboro. William S. Forman, Nashville. James R. Williams, Carmi. George W r . Smith, Murphysboro. David Turpie, Indianapolis. Elijah V. Brookshire, Crawfordsville. Daniel Waugh, Tip ton. David H. Patton, Remington. Augustus N. Martin, Bluffton. Charles A. O. McClellan, Auburn. Benjamin F. Shively, South Bend. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Robert H. M. Davidson. 2 Election unsuccessfully contested by William H. Clagett. FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 337 William B. Allison, Dubuque. IOWA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John J. Seerley, Burlington. Walter I. Hayes, Clinton. David B. Henderson, Dubuque. Walter H. Butler, West Union. John T. Hamilton, Cedar Rapids. Frederick E. White, Webster. Preston B. Plumb, 1 Emporia. Bishop W. Perkins, 2 Oswego. KANSAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Case Broderick, Holton. Edward H. Funston, lola. Benjamin H. Clover, Cambridge. John G. Otis, Topeka. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Stone, Kuttawa. William T. Ellis, Owensboro. Isaac H. Goodnight, Franklin. Alexander B. Montgomery, Elizabeth- town. Asher G. Caruth, Louisville. William W. Dickerson, Williamstown. James F. Wilson, Fairfield. John A. T. Hull, Des Moines. James P. Flick, Bedford. Thomas Bowman, Council Bluffs. Jonathan P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. George D. Perkins, Sioux City. William A. Peffer, Topeka. John Davis, Junction City. William Baker, Lincoln. Jerry Simpson, Medicine Lodge. John G. Carlisle, 3 Covington. William Lindsay, 4 Frankfort. William C. P. Breckinridge, Lexington. James B. McCreary, Richmond. Thomas H. Paynter, Green up. John W. Kendall, 5 West Liberty. Joseph M. Kendall, 6 Prestonsburg. John H. Wilson, Barboursville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Randall L. Gibson, 7 New Orleans. Donelson Caffery, 8 Franklin. Adolph Meyer, New Orleans. Matt D. Lagan, New Orleans. Andrew Price, Thibodaux. REPRESENTATIVES. MAINE. Edward D. White, New Orleans. Newton C. Blanchard, Shreveport. Charles J. Boatner, Monroe. Samuel M. Robertson. Baton Rouge. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Reed, Portland. Nelson Dingley, jr., Lewiston. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Seth L. Milliken, Belfast. Charles A. Boutelle, Bangor. 1 Died December 20, 1891. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Preston B. Plumb, and took his seat January 5, 1892. 3 Resigned February 4, 1893. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John G. Carlisle, and took his seat February 21, 1893. > Died March 7, 1892., 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of John W. Kendall, and took his seat May 5, 1892. ' Died December 15, 1892. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Randall L. Gibson, and took his seat January 14, 1893. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-S 338 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Arthur Pue Gorman, Laurel. Henry Page, 1 Princess Anne. John B. Brown, 2 Centerville. Herman Stump, Bel Air. Harry W. Rusk, Baltimore. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles H. Gibson, Easton. Isidor Rayner, Baltimore. Barnes H. Compton, Laurel. W. McMahon McKaig, Cumberland. MASSACHUSETTS. Henry L. Dawes, Pittefield. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles S. Randall, New Bedford. Elijah A. Morse, Canton. John F. Andrew, Boston. Joseph H. O'Neil, Boston. Sherman Hoar, Waltham. Henry C. Lodge, 3 Nahant. George F. Hoar, Worcester. William Cogswell, Salem. Moses T. Stevens, North Andover. George F. Williams, Dedham. Joseph H. Walker, Worcester. Frederick S. Coolidge, Ashburnham. John C. Crosby, Pittsfield. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Francis B. Stockbridge, Kalamazoo. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Logan Chipman, Detroit. James S. Gorman, Chelsea. James O'Donnell, Jackson. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. Melbourne H. Ford, 4 Grand Rapids. Charles E. Belknap, 5 Grand Rapids. James McMillan, Detroit. Byron G. Stout, Pontiac. Justin R. Whiting, St. Clair. Henry M. Youmans, Saginaw. Harrison H. Wheeler, Ludington. Thomas A. E. Weadock, Bay City. Samuel M. Stephenson, Menominee. MINNESOTA. Cushman K. Davis, St. Paul. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Harries, Caledonia. John Lind, New Ulm. Osee M. Hall, Red Wing. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. James Z. George, Carrollton. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Allen, Tupelo. John C. Kyle, Sardis. Thomas C. Catchings, Vicksburg. Clarke Lewis, Macon. William D. Washburn, Minneapolis. James N. Castle, Still water. Kittel Hahwson, North Fork. Edward C. Walthall, Grenada. Joseph H. Beeman, Eley. Thomas R. Stockdale, Summit. Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. 1 Resigned September 3, 1892, to become judge of first judi- cial district of Maryland. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry Page, and took his seat December 5, 1892. 3 Resigned March 3, 1893, having been elected Senator. Died April 20, 1891. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Melbourne H. Ford, and took his seat December 7, 1891. FIFTY-SECOND CONGBESS. 339 MISSOURI. < SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. George G. Vest, Kansas City. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Hatch, Hannibal. John J. O'Neill, St. Louis. Charles H. Mansur, Chillicothe. Seth W. Cobb, St. Louis. Alexander M. Dockery, Gallatin. Samuel Byrns, Potosi. Robert P. C. Wilson, Platte City. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. John C. Tarsney, Kansas City. David A. De Armond, Butler. John T. Heard, Sedalia. Robert W. Fyan, Marshfield. Richard H. Norton, Troy. Marshall Arnold, Benton. MONTANA. SENATORS. Thomas C. Power, Helena. Wilbur F. Sanders, Helena. REPRESENTATIVE. William W. Dixon, Butte City. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Charles F. Manderson, Omaha. Algernon S. Paddcok, Beatrice. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Bryan, Lincoln. Omer M. Kem, Broken Bow. William A. McKeighan, Red Cloud. NEVADA. SENATORS. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. William M. Stewart, Carson City. . REPRESENTATIVE. Horace F. Bartine, Carson City. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. William E. Chandler, Concord. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. REPRESENTATIVES. Luther F. McKinney, Manchester. Warren F. Daniell, Franklin. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. McPherson, Jersey City. Rufus Blodgett, Long Branch. REPRESENTATIVES. Christopher A. Bergen, Camden. Cornelius A. Cadmus, Paterson, James Buchannan, Trenton. Thomas D. English, Newark. Jacob A. Geissenhainer, Freehold. Edward F. McDonald, 1 Harrison. Samuel Fowler, Newton. 1 Died November 5, 1892. CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. NEW YORK. Frank Hiscock, Syracuse. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James W. Covert. Long Island City. David A. Boody, 1 Brooklyn. Alfred C. Chapin, 2 Brooklyn. William J. Coombs, Brooklyn. John M. Clancy, Brooklyn. Thomas F. Magner, Brooklyn. John R. Fellows, New York. Edward J. Dunphy, New York. Timothy J. Campbell, New York. Amos J. Cummings, New York. Francis B. Spinola, 3 New York. W. Bourke Cockran, 4 New York. J. De Witt Warner, New York. Roswell P. Flower, 5 New York. Joseph J. Little, 6 New York. Ashbel P. Fitch, New York. William G. Stahlnecker, Yonkers. Henry Bacon, Goshen. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. David B. Hill, Elmira. Isaac N. Cox, Ellenville. John A. Quackenbush, Stillwater. Charles Tracey, Albany. John Sanford, Amsterdam. John M. Wever, Plattsburg. Leslie W. Russell, 7 Ogdensburg. Newton M. Curtis, 8 Ogdensburg. Henry W. Bentley, Boonville. George Van Horn, Cooperstown. James J. Belden, Syracuse. George W. Ray, Norwich. Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. Hosea H. Rockwell, 9 Elmira. John Raines, Canandaigua. Halbert S. Greenleaf, Rochester. James W. Wadsworth, Geneseo. Daniel N. Lockwood, Buffalo. Thomas L. Bunting, Hamburg. Warren B. Hooker, Fredonia. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Matt W. Ransom, Weldon. Zebulon B. Vance, Charlotte. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. B. Branch, Washington. Henry P. Cheatham, Littleton. Benjamin F. Grady, Wallace. Benjamin H. Bunn, Rocky Mount. Archibald H. A. Williams, Oxford. Sydenham B. Alexander, Charlotte. John S. Henderson, Salisbury. William H. H. Cowles, Wilkesboro. William T. Crawford, Waynesville. NORTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Lyman R. Casey, Jamestown. Henry C. Hansbrough, Devils Lake. REPRESENTATIVE. Martin N. Johnson, Petersburg. OHIO. SENATORS. John Sherman, Mansfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Bellamy Storer, Cincinnati. John A. Caldwell, Cincinnati. George W. Houk, Dayton. Martin K. Gantz, Troy. Fernando C. Layton, Wapakoneta. Dennis D. Donovan, Deshler. William E. Haynes, Fremont. Darius D. Hare, Upper Sandusky. Joseph H. Outhwaite, Columbus. Robert E. Doan, Wilmington. John M. Pattison, Milford. Calvin S. Brice, Lima. William H. Enochs, Ironton. Irvine Dungan, Jackson. James W. Owens, Newark. Michael D. Harter, Mansfield. John G. Warwick, 10 Massillon. Lewis P. Ohliger, 11 Wooster. Albert J. Pearson, Woodsfield. Joseph D. Taylor, Cambridge. Ezra B. Taylor, Warren. Vincent A. Taylor, Bedford. Tom L. Johnson, Cleveland. i Resigned October 13, 1891. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of David A . Boody, and took his seat December 7, 1891; resigned Novem- ber 16, 1892. a Died April 13, 1891. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Francis B. Spinola, and took his seat December 7, 1891. : Resigned September 16, 1891. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Roswell P. Flower, and took his seat December 7, 1891. i Resigned September 11, 1891. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Leslie W. Russell, and took his seat December 7, 1891. 9 Election unsuccessfully contested by Henry T. Noyes. i Died August 14, 1892. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John G. War- wick, and took his seat December 5, 1892. FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 341 OREGON. SENATORS. Joseph N. Dolph, Portland. John H. Mitchell, Portland. . REPRESENTATIVE. Binger Hermann, Roseburg. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. J. Donald Cameron, Harrisburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. William McAleer, Philadelphia. John E. Reyburn, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, Philadelphia. John B. Robinson, Media. Edwin Hallowell, Willow Grove. William Mutchler, Easton. David B. Brunner, Reading. Marriott Brosius, Lancaster. Lemuel Amerman, Scranton. George W. Shonk, 1 Plymouth. James B. Reilly, Pottsville. John W. Rife, Middletown. Myron B. Wright, Susquehanna. Matthew S. Quay, Beaver. Albert C. Hopkins, Lock Haven. Simon P. Wolverton, Sunbury. Louis E. Atkinson, Mifflintown. Frank E. Beltzhoover, Carlisle. Edward Scull, Somerset. George F. Huff, Greensburg. John Dalzell, Pittsburgh. William A. Stone, Allegheny. Andrew Stewart, jr., 2 Uniontown. Alexander K. Craig, 3 Pittsburgh. William A. Sipe, 4 Pittsburgh. Eugene P. Gillespie, Greenville. Matthew Griswold, Erie. Charles W. Stone, Warren. George F. Kribbs, Clarion. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. Nathan F. Dixon, Westerly. REPRESENTATIVES. Oscar Lapham, Providence. Charles H. Page, Scituate. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Matthew C. Butler, Edgefield. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Brawley, Charleston. George D. Tillman, Clarks Hill. George Johnstone, Newberry. George W. Shell, Laurens. John L. M. Irby, Laurens. John J. Hemphill, Chester. Eli T. Stackhouse, 6 Little Rock. John L. McLaurin, 6 Marlboro county. William Elliott, Beaufort. SOUTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Richard F. Pettigrew, Sioux Falls. REPRESENTATIVES. John R. Gamble, 7 Yankton. John L. Jolley, 8 Vermilion. James H. Kyle, Aberdeen. John A. Pickler, Faulkton. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by John B. Reynolds. " Served until February 26. 1892; succeeded by Alexander K. Craig, who contested his election. s Successfully contested the election of Andrew Stewart, and took his seat February 26, 1892; died July 29, 1892. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Alexander K. Craig, and took his seat December 5, 1892. o Died June 14, 1892. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Ell T. Stack- house, and took his seat December 5, 1892. 7 Died August 14, 1891. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John R. Gamble, and took his seat December 7, 1891. 342 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Isham G. Harris, Memphis. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred A. Taylor, Johnson City. Leonidas C. Houk, 1 Knoxville. John C. Houk, 2 Knoxville. Henry C. Snodgrass, Sparta. Benton McMillin, Carthage. James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. Richard Coke, Waco. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Stewart, Houston. John B. Long, Rusk. Constantine B. Kilgore, Wills Point. David B. Culberson, Jefferson. Joseph W. Bailey, Gainesville. Jo Abbott, Hillsboro. VERMONT. SENATORS. George F. Edmumnds, 8 Burlington. Redfield Proctor, 9 Proctor. REPRESENTATIVES. H. Henry Powers, Morrisville. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . William A. Jones, Warsaw. John W. Lawson, Isle of Wight. George D. Wise, Richmond. James F. Epes, Blackstone. Posey G. Lester, Floyd. Paul C. Edmunds, Halifax. William B. Bate, Nashville. Joseph E. Washington, Cedar Hill. Nicholas N. Cox, Franklin. Benjamin A. Enloe, Jackson. Rice A. Pierce, Union City. Josiah Patterson, Memphis. John H. Reagan, 3 Palestine. Horace Chilton, 4 Tyler. Roger Q. Mills, 5 Corsicana. William H. Grain, Cuero. Littleton W. Moore, La Grange. Roger Q. Mills, 6 Corsicana. E. Le Roy Antony, 7 Cameron. Joseph D. Savers, Bastrop. Samuel W. T. Lanham, Weatherford. Juston S. Morrill, Strafford. William W. Grout, Barton. John S. Barbour, 10 Alexandria. Eppa Hunton, 11 Warrenton. Charles T. O'Ferrall, Harrisonburg. William H. F. Lee, 12 Burkes Station. Elisha E. Meridith, 13 Brentsville. John A. Buchanan, Abingdon. H. St. George Tucker, Staunton. WASHINGTON. SENATORS. John B. Allen, Walla Walla. W T atson C. Squire, Seattle. REPRESENTATIVE . John L. Wilson, Spokane. i Died May 25, 1891. 1 Elected to fill the vacancy caused by death of Leonidas C. Houk, and took his seat December 7, 1891. 3 Resigned June 10, 1891. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John R. Reagan, and took his seat December 7, 1891. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John II. Reagan, and took his seat March 30, 1892. 6 Resigned March 28, 1892, having been elected Senator. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Roger Q. Mills, and took his seat July 28, 1892. 8 Resigned November 1, 1891. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George F. Edmunds, and took his seat December 7, 1891. 10 Died May 14, 1892. 11 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of John S. Barbour, and took his seat June 1, 1892; subsequently elected. 12 Died October 15, 1891. 18 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William H. F. Lee, and took his seat December 7, 1891. FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS. WEST VIRGINIA. 343 SENATORS. Charles J. Faulkner, Marti nsburg. REPRESENTATIVES . John 0. Pendleton, Wheeling. William L. Wilson, Charlestown. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Clinton Babbitt, Beloit. Charles Barwig, Mayville. Allen R. Bushnell, Madison. John L. Mitchell, 3 Milwaukee. George H. Brickner, Sheboygan Falls. WYOMING. SENATORS. Joseph M. Carey, Cheyenne. REPRESENTATIVE . Clarence D. Clark, Evanston. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Marcus A. Smith, Tombstone. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Antonio Joseph, Ojo Caliente. TERRITORY OF OKLAHOMA. DELEGATE. David A. Harvey, Oklahoma City. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. John T. Caine, Salt Lake City. John E. Kenna, 1 Charleston. Johnson N. Camden, 2 Parkersburg. John D. Alderson, Nicholas. James Capehart, Point Pleasant. William F. Vilas, Madison. Lucas M. Miller, Oshkosh. Frank P. Coburn, West Salem. Nils P. Haugen, River Falls. Thomas Lynch, Antigo. Francis E. Warren, Cheyenne. 1 Died January 11, 1893. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John E. Kenna, and took his seat January 28, 1893. 3 Resigned March 3, 1893, having been elected Senator. FIFTY-THIRD CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1893, TO MARCH 3, 1895. FIRST SESSION August 7, 1893, to November 3, 1893. SECOND SESSION December 4, 1893, to August 28, 1894. THIRD SESSION December 3, 1894, to March 3, 1895. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1893, to April 15, 1893. VICE-PEE SIDENT Adlai E. Stevenson, of Illinois. PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE Charles F. Manderson, l of Nebraska ; IshamG. Harris, 2 of Tennessee; Matt W. Ransom, 3 of North Carolina. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE William R. Cox, 4 of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Charles L. Crisp, of Georgia. CLERK OF THE HOUSE James Kerr, of Pennsylvania. John T. Morgan, Selma. Richard H. Clarke, Mobile. Jesse F. Stallings, Greenville. William C. Gates, 5 Abbeville. George P. Harrison, 6 Opelika. Gaston A. Robbins, Selma. James E. Cobb, 7 Tuskegee. James K. Jones, Washington. ALABAMA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Philip D. McCulloch, jr.,Marianna. Clifton R. Breckinridge, 8 Pine Bluff. John S. Little, 9 Greenwood. Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. James L. Pugh, Eufaula. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. William H. Denson, Gadsden. Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. Louis W. Turpin, Newbern. James H. Berry, Bentonville. William L. Terry, Little Rock. Hugh A. Dinsmore, Fayetteville. Robert Neill, Batesville. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Leland Stanford, 10 San Francisco. George C. Perkins, 11 Oakland. Stephen M. White, Los Angeles. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas J. Geary, Santa Rosa. Anthony Caminetti, Jackson. Samuel G. Hilborn, 12 Oakland. Warren B. English, 13 Oakland. James G. Maguire, San Francisco. Eugene F. Loud, San Francisco. Marion Cannon, Ventura. William W. Bowers, San Diego. 1 Resigned as President pro tempore March 22, 1893. 2 Elected March 22, 1893, to fill vacancy caused by resigna- tion of Charles F. Manderson, and January 10, 1895, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Matt W. Ransom as Presi- dent pro tempore. 3 Elected January 7, 1895; resigned as President pro tem- pore January 10, 1895. < Elected April 6, 1893. s Resigned August 28, 1894. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William C. Gates, and took his seat December 3, 1894. 344 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by W. W. Whatley. s Resigned August 14, 1S94. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Clifton R. Breckinridge, and took his seat December 3, 1894. 10 Died June 21, 1893. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Leland Stanford, and took his seat August 8, 1893. 12 Served until April 4, 1894; succeeded by Warren B. English, who contested his election. 13 Successfully contested the election of Samuel G. Hilborn, and took his seat April 4, 1894. FIFTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 345 COLORADO. N SENATORS. Henry M. Teller, Central City. Edward O. Wolcott, Denver. REPRESENTATIVES. Lafe Pence, Denver. John C. Bell, Montrose. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orville H. Platt, Meriden. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. Lewis Sperry, Hartford. Charles A. Russell, Killingly. James P. Pigott, New Haven. Robert E. DeForest, Bridgeport. DELAWARE. SENATORS. George Gray, New Castle. Anthony Higgins, Wilmington. REPRESENTATIVE . John W. Causey, Milford. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Wilkinson Call, Jacksonville. Samuel Pasco, Monticello. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen R. Mallory, Pensacola. Charles M. Cooper, Jacksonville. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Alfred H. Colquitt, 1 Atlanta. John B. Gordon, Atlanta. Patrick Walsh, 2 Augusta. REPRESENTATIVES. Rufus E. Lester, Savannah. John W. Maddox, Rome. Benjamin E. Russell, Bainbridge. Thomas G. Lawson, Eatonton. Charles F. Crisp, Americus. Farish C. Tate, Jasper. Charles L. Moses, Turin. James C. C. Black/* Augusta. Leonidas F. Livingston, Kings. Henry G. Turner, Quitman. Thomas B. Cabaniss, Forsyth. IDAHO. SENATORS. George L. Shoup, Salmon City. Fred T. Dubois, Blackfoot. REPRESENTATIVE . Willis Sweet, Moscow. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. J. McAuley Palmer, Springfield. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Frank Aldrich, Chicago. Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. Lawrence E. McGann, Chicago. Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton. Allan C. Durborow, jr., Chicago. Robert A. Childs, Hinsdale. Julius Goldzier, Chicago. Hamilton K. Wheeler, Kankakee. Albert J. Hopkins, Aurora. Philip S. Post, 4 Galesburg. J Died March 20, 1894. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Thomas E. Watson. 2 Appointed to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Al- < Died January (i, 1895. fred H. Colquitt, and took his seat April 9, 1894. 346 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. Benjamin F. Marsh, Warsaw. John J. McDannold, Mount Sterling. William M. Springer, Springfield. Benjamin F. Funk, Bloomington. Joseph G. Gannon, Danville. George W. Fithian, Newton. Edward Lane, Hillsboro. William S. Forman, Nashville. James R. Williams, Carmi. George W. Smith, Murphysboro. John C. Black, 1 Chicago. Andrew J. Hunter, Paris. INDIANA. SENATORS. Daniel W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. REPRESENTATIVES. Arthur H. Taylor, Indianapolis. John L. Bretz, Jasper. Jason B. Brown, Seymour. William S. Holman, Aurora. George W. Cooper, Columbus. Henry U. Johnson, Richmond. William D. Bynum, Indianapolis. David Turpie, Indianapolis. Elijah V. Brookshire, Crawfordsville. Dan Waugh, Tipton. Thomas Hammond, Hammond. Augustus N. Martin, Bluff ton. William F. McNagny, Columbia City. Charles G. Conn, Elkhart. IOWA. SENATORS. William B. Allison, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Gear, Burlington. Walter I. Hayes, Clinton. David B. Henderson, Dubuque. Thomas Updegraff, McGregor. Robert G. Cousins, Tiptoii. John F. Lacey, Oskaloosa. James F. W T ilson, Fairfield. John A. T. Hull, Des Moines. William P. Hepburn, Clarinda. Alva L. Hager, Greenfield. Jonathan P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. George D. Perkins, Sioux City. KANSAS. William A. Peffer, Topeka. Case Broderick, Holton. Edward H. Funston, 3 lola. Horace L. Moore, 4 Lawrence. Thomas J. Hudson, Fredonia. Charles Curtis, Topeka. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John Martin, 2 Topeka. John Davis, Junction City. William Baker, Lincoln. Jerry Simpson, Medicine Lodge. William A. Harris, Linwood. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Stone, Kuttawa. William T. Ellis, Owensboro. Isaac H. Goodnight, Franklin. Alexander B. Montgomery, Elizabeth- town. Asher G. Caruth, Louisville. Albert S. Berry, Newport. William Lindsay, Frankfort. William C. P. Breckinridge, Lexington. James B. McCreary, Richmond. Thomas H. Paynter, 5 Greenup. Marcus C. Lisle, 6 Winchester. William M. Beckner, 7 Winchester. Silas Adams, Liberty. i Resigned January 12, 1895. 'Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Preston B. Plumb, in preceding Congress, and took his seat March 4, 1893 (special session of the Senate); election unsuccessfully contested by Joseph W. Ady. 3 Served until August 2, 1894; succeeded by Horace L. Moore, who contested his election. 4 Successfully contested the election of Edward H. Funston, and took his seat August 2, 1894. o Resigned January 3, 1895. c Died July 7, 1894. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Marcus C. Lisle, and took his seat December 3, 1894. FIFTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 347 LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Donelson Caffery, Franklin. REPRESENTATIVES. Adolph Meyer, New Orleans. Robert C. Davey, New Orleans. Andrew Price, Thibodeaux. Newton C. Blanchard, 3 Shreveport. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. Thomas B. Reed, Portland. Nelson Dingley, jr., Lewiston. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MARYLAND. Edward D. White, 1 New Orleans. Newton C. Blanchard, 2 Shreveport. Henry W. Ogden, 4 Benton. Charles J. Boatner, Monroe. Samuel M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Seth L. Milliken, Belfast. Charles A. Boutelle, Bangor. Arthur Pue Gorman, Laurel. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert F. Bratton, 5 Princess Anne. W. Laird Henry, 6 Cambridge. J. Frederick C. Talbott, Towson. Harry W. Rusk, Baltimore. Charles H. Gibson, Easton. Isidor Rayner, Baltimore. Barnes Compton, 7 Laurel. Charles E. Coffin, 8 Muirkirk. William M. McKaig, Cumberland. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. George F. Hoar, Worcester. REPRESENTATIVES. Ashley B. Wright, North Adams. Frederick H. Gillett, Springfield. Joseph H. Walker, Worcester. Lewis D. Apsley, Hudson. Moses T. Stevens, North Andover. William Cogswell, Salem. William Everett, 9 Quincy. MICHIGAN. Henry Cabot Lodge, Nahant. Samuel W. McCall, Winchester. Joseph H. O'Neil, Boston, Michael J. McEttrick, Boston. William F. Draper, Hopedale. Elijah A. Morse, Canton. Charles S. Randall, New Bedford. SENATORS. Francis B. Stockbridge, 10 Kalamazoo. John Patton, jr.. 11 Grand Rapids. Julius C. Burrows, 12 Kalamazoo. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Logan Chipman, 13 Detroit. Levi T. Griffin, 14 Detroit. James S. Gorman, Chelsea. Julius C. Burrows, 15 Kalamazoo. Henry F. Thomas, Allegan. George F. Richardson, 16 Grand Rapids. David D. Aitken, Flint. James McMillan, Detroit. Justin R. Whiting, St. Clair. William S. Linton, Saginaw. John W. Moon, Muskegon. Thomas A. E. Weadock, Bay City. John Avery, Greenville. Samuel M. Stephenson, Menominee. 1 Resigned March 12, 1894, to become Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward D. White, and took his seat March 12, 1894; subse- quently elected. 'Resigned March 12, 1894, having been elected Senator. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Newton C. Blanchard, and took his seat May 12, 1894. 5 Died May 10, 1894. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Robert F. Bratton, and took his seat 'December 3, 1894. ' Resigned May 12, 1894. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Barnes Compton, and took his seat December 3, 1894. 'Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry Cabot Lodge, in preceding Congress, and took his seat August 7, 1893. 10 Died April 30, 1894. 11 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Francis B. Stockbridge, and took his seat May 10, 1894. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Francis B . Stock- bridge, and took his seat January 23, 1895. is Died August 17, 1893. n Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of J. Logan Chip- man, and took his seat December 4, 1893. i & Resigned January 23, 1895, having been elected Senator. 16 Election unsuccessfully contested by Charles E. Belknap. 348 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. Cushman, K. Davis, St. Paul James A. Tawney, Winona. James T. McCleary, Mankato. Osee M. Hall, Red Wing. Andrew R. Kiefer, St. Paul. James Z. George, Carrollton. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Allen, Tupelo. John C. Kyle, Sardis. Thomas C. Catchings, Vicksburg. H. De Soto Money, Carrollton. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Hatch, Hannibal. Uriel S. Hall, Hubbard. Alexander M. Dockery, Gallatin. Daniel D. Burnes, St. Joseph. John C. Tarsney, Kansas City. David A. De Armond, Butler. John T. Heard, Sedalia. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. MONTANA. SENATORS. Thomas C. Power, Helena. William D. Washburn, Minneapolis. Loren Fletcher, Minneapolis. Melvin R. Baldwin, Duluth. Haldor E. Boen, Fergus Falls. Edward C. Walthall, 1 Grenada. Anselm J. McLaurin, 2 Brandon. John S. Williams, Yazoo. Thomas R. Stockdale, Summit. Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. George G. Vest, Kansas City. Champ Clark, Bowling Green. Richard Bartholdt, St. Louis. Charles F. Joy, 3 St. LouL*. John J. O'Neill, 4 St. Louis. Seth W. Cobb, St. Louis. Robert W. Fyan, Marshfield. Marshall Arnold, Ben ton. Charles H. Morgan, Lamar. Lee Mantle, 5 Butte City. REPRESENTATIVE . Charles S. Hartman, Bozeman. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Charles F. Manderson, Omaha. William V. Allen, Madison. REPRESENTATIVES. William J. Bryan, Lincoln. David H. Mercer, Omaha. George D. Meiklejohn, F'ullerton. Eugene J. Hainer, Aurora. William A. McKeighan, Red Cloud. Omer M. Kem, Broken Bow. NEVADA. SENATORS. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. \Villiam M. Stewart, Carson City. REPRESENTATIVE. Francis G. Newlands, Reno. 1 Resigned January 24, 1894. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward C. Walthall, and took his seat February 15, 1894. a Served until April 3, 1894; succeeded by John J. O'Neill, who contested his election. 4 Successfully contested the election of Charles F. Joy, and took his seat April 3, 1894. 5 Appointed to fill vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1893, owing to failure of legislature to elect ; credentials pre- sented March 9, 1893 ( special session of the Senate) ; on August 28, 1893, the Senate decided he was not entitled to a seat; sub- sequently elected and took his seat February 2, 1895; State unrepresented in this class from March 4, 1893, to January 16. 1895. FIFTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 349 NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. William E. Chandler, Concord. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry W. Blair, Campton. Henry M. Baker, Bow. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. John R. McPherson, Jersey City. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. John J. Gardner, Atlantic City. Jacob A. Geissenhainer, Freehold. Johnston Cornish, Washington. David B. Hill, Albany. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James W. Covert, Long Island City. John M. Clancy, Brooklyn. Joseph C. Hendrix, Brooklyn. William G. Coombs, Brooklyn. John H. Graham, Brooklyn. Thomas F. Magner, Brooklyn. Franklin Bartlett, New York. Edward J. Dunphy, New York. Timothy J. Campbell, New York. Daniel E. Sickles, New York. Amos J. Cummings, 1 New York. W. Bourke Cockran, New York. John DeWitt Warner, New York. John R. Fellows, 2 New York. Lemuel E. Quigg, 3 New York. Ashbel P. Fitch, 4 New York. Isidor Straus, 5 New York. William Ryan, Port Chester. James Smith, jr., Newark. Cornelius A. Cadmus, Paterson. Thomas D. English, Newark. George B. Fielder, Jersey City. John T. Dunn, Elizabeth. Edward Murphy, jr., Troy. Francis Marvin, Port Jervis. Jacob Le Fever, New Paltz. Charles D. Haines, Kinderhook. Charles Tracey, Albany. Simon J. Shermerhorn, Schenectady. Newton M. Curtis, Ogdensburg. John M. Wever, Plattsburg. Charles A. Chickering, Copenhagen. James S. Sherman, TJtica. George W. Ray, Norwich. James J. Belden, Syracuse. Serano E. Payne, Auburn. Charles W. Gillet, Addison. James W. Wadsworth, Geneseo. John Van Voorhis, Rochester. Daniel N. Lockwood, Buffalo. Charles Daniels, Buffalo. Warren B. Hooker, Fredonia. NORTH CAROLINA. Matt W. Ransom, Wei don. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. B. Branch, Washington. Fred A. Wbodard, Wilson. Benjamn F. Grady, Wallace. Benjamin H. Bunn, Rocky Mount. Thomas Settle, Reidsville. Zebulon B. Vance, 6 Charlotte. Thomas J. Jarvis, 7 Greenville. Jeter C. Pritchard, 8 Madison. Sydenham B. Alexander, Charlotte. John S. Henderson, Salisbury. William H. Bower, Yadkin Valley. William T. Crawford, Waynesville. NORTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Henry C. Hansbrough, Devils Lake. William N. Roach, Larimor; REPRESENTATIVE . Martin N. Johnson, Petersburg. 1 Resigned November 21, 1894. 2 Resigned December 22, 1893. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John R. Fellows, and took his seat February 14, 1894. Resigned December 26, 1893. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ashbel P. Fitch, and took his seat February 14, 1894. Died April 14, 1894. 7 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Zebulon B. Vance, and took his seat April 26, 1894. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Zebulon B. Vance, and took his seat January 24, 1895. 350 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. OHIO. SENATORS. John Sherman, Mansfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Bellamy Storer, Cincinnati. John A. Caldwell, 1 Cincinnati. Jacob H. Bromwell, 2 Cincinnati. George W. Houk, 3 Dayton. Paul J. Sorg, 4 Middletown. Fernando C. Lay ton, Wapakoneta. Dennis D. Donovan, Deshler. George W. Huhck, Batavia. George W. Wilson, London. Luther M. Strong, Kenton. Byron F. Ritchie, Toledo. William H. Enochs, 5 Iron ton. Hezekiah S. Bundy, 6 Wellston. Calvin S. Brice, Lima. Charles H. Grosvenor, Athens. Joseph H. Outhwaite, Columbus. Darius D. Hare, Upper Sandusky . Michael D. Harter, Mansfield. Henry C. Van Voorhis, Zanesville. Albert J. Pearson, Woodsfield. James A. D. Richards, New Philadel- phia. George P. Ikirt, East Liverpool. Stephen A. North way, Jefferson. William J. White, Cleveland. Tom L. Johnson, Cleveland. OREGON. SENATORS. John H. Mitchell, Portland. Joseph N. Dolph, Portland. REPRESENTATIVES . Binger Hermann, Roseburg. William R. Ellis, Heppner. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. J. Donald Cameron, Harrisburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Charles O'Neill, 7 Philadelphia. Robert Adams, jr., 8 Philadelphia. William McAleer, Philadelphia. John E. Reyburn, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, Philadelphia. John. B. Robinson, Media. Irving P. Wanger, Norristown. William Mutchler, 9 Easton. Howard Mutchler, 10 Easton. Constantine J. Erdman, Allen town. Mariott Brosius, Lancaster. Joseph A. Scran ton, Scran ton. William H. Hines, Wilkes-Barre. James B. Reilly, Pottsville. Ephraim M. Woomer, Lebanon. Matthew S. Quay, Beaver. Myron B. Wright, 11 Susquehanna. Edwin J. Jorden, 12 Coudersport. Albert C. Hopkins, Lock Haven. Simon P. Wolverton, Sunbury. Thaddeus M. Mahon, Chambersburg. Frank E. Beltzhoover, Carlisle. Josiah D. Hicks, Altoona. Daniel B. Heiner, Kittanning. John Dalzell, Pittsburgh. William A. Stone, Allegheny. William A. Sipe, Pittsburgh. Thomas W. Phillips, New Castle. Joseph C. Sibley, Franklin. Charles W. Stone, Warren. George F. Kribbs, Clarion. Alexander McDowell, Sharon. William Lilly/ 3 Mauch Chunk. Galusha A. Grow, 14 Glenwood. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. Nathan F. Dixon, Westerly. REPRESENTATIVES. Oscar Lapham, Providence. Charles H. Page, Providence. 1 Resigned May 1, 1894. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John A. Caldwell, and took his seat December 3, 1894. 3 Died February 9, 1894. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George W. Houk, and took his seat May 21, 1894. 5 Died July 13, 1893. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William H. Enochs, and took his seat December 4, 1893. 7 Died November 25, 1893. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles O'Neill, and took his seat January 3, 1894. 9 Died June 23, 1893. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Mutchler, and took his seat August 7, 1893. u Died November 13, 1894. 12 Elected to fill vacancv caused by death of Myron B. Wright, and took his seat February 23, 1895. 13 Died December 1, 1893. H Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Lilly, and took his seat March 2, 1894. FIFTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 351 SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Matthew C. Butler, Edgefield. John L. M. Irby, Laurens. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Brawley, 1 Charleston. James F. Izlar, 2 Orangeburg. W. Jasper Talbert, Parksville. Asbury C. Latimer, Bel ton. George W. Shell, Laurens. Thomas J. Strait, Lancaster. John L. McLaurin, Marlboro county. George W. Murray, Rembert. SOUTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Richard F. Pettigrew, Sioux Falls. James H. Kyle, Aberdeen. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. Pickler, Faulkton. William V. Lucas, Hot Springs. TENNESSEE. Isham G. Harris, Memphis. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred A. Taylor, Johnson City. John C. Houk, Knoxville. Henry C. Snodgrass, Sparta. Benton McMillin, Carthage. James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. Richard Coke, Waco. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph C. Hutcheson, Houston. Sam B. Cooper, Woodville. Constantine B. Kilgore, Wills Point. David B. Culberson, Jefferson. Joseph W. Bailey, Gainesville. Jo Abbott, Hillsboro. George C. Pendleton, Bel ton. Justin S. Morrill, Straff ord. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. H. Henry Powers, Morrisville. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Jones, Warsaw. D. Gardiner Tyler, Charles City county. George D. Wise, Richmond. James F. Epes, Blackstone. Claude A. Swanson, Chatham. Paul C. Edmunds, Halifax Court House. William B. Bate, Nashville. Joseph E. Washington, Cedar Hill. Nicholas N. Cox, Franklin. Benjamin A. Enloe, 3 Jackson. James C. McDearmon, Trenton. Josiah Patterson, Memphis. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. Charles K. Bell, Fort Worth. Joseph D. Sayers, Bastrop. Walter Gresham, Galveston. William H. Grain, Cuero. Thomas M. Paschal, Castro ville. Jeremiah V. Cockrell, Anson. Redfield Proctor, Proctor. William W. Grout, Barton. Eppa Hunton, Warrenton. Charles T. O'Ferrall, 4 Harrisonburg. Smith S. Turner, 5 Front Royal. Elisha E. Meredith, Brentsville. James W. Marshall, New Castle. Henry St. George Tucker, Staunton. 1 Resigned February 12, 1894. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William II. Brawley. and took his seat April 15,1894. s Election unsuccessfully contested by P. H. Thrasher. < Resigned December 28,1893. '> Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles T. O'Ferrall, and took his seat February 12, 1894. 352 WASHINGTON. SENATORS. 1 Watson C. Squire, Seattle. John L. Wilson, 2 Spokane. REPRESENTATIVES. John L. Wilson, 3 Spokane. William H. Doolittle, Tacoma. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. Johnson N. Camden, Parkersburg. REPRESENTATIVES. John 0. Pendleton, Wheeling. William L. Wilson, Charlestown. William F. Vilas, Madison. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Cooper, Racine. Charles Earwig, Mayville. Joseph W. Babcock, Necedah. Peter J. Somers, 4 Milwaukee. George H. Brickner, Sheboygan Falls. Owen A. Wells, Fond du Lac. John D. Alderson, Nicholas. James Capehart, Mason county. John L. Mitchell, Milwaukee. George B. Shaw, 5 Eau Claire. Michael Griffin, 6 Eau Claire. Lyman E. Barnes, Appleton. Thomas Lynch, Antigo. Nils P. Haugen, River Falls. WYOMING. SENATORS. Joseph M. Carey, Cheyenne. REPRESENTATIVE. Henry A. Coffeen, Sheridan. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Marcus A. Smith, Tombstone. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Antonio Joseph, Ojo Caliente. TERRITORY OF OKLAHOMA. DELEGATE. Dennis T. Flynn, Guthrie. TERRITORY OF UTAH. DELEGATE. Joseph L. Rawlins, Salt Lake City. Clarence D. Clark, 7 Evanston. 1 John B. Allen was appointed to fill vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1393, the legislature having met and adjourned without electing his successor; credentials pre- sented March 20. 1893 (special session of the Senate), but he was not permitted to qualify; on August 28, 1893, the Senate decided he was not entitled to the seat. 2 Elected to fill vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1893, and took his seat February 19, 1895; vacancy in this class from March 4, 1893, to February 1, 1895. 3 Resigned February 18, 1895, having been elected Senator. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John L. Mitchell, in preceding Congress, and took his seat August 27, 1893. 5 Died August 27. 1894. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George B. Shaw, and took his seat December 3, 1894. 7 Elected to fill vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1893, and took his seat February 6, 1895. Asahel C. Beckwith was appointed to fill such vacancy, and his credentials were presented March 15, 1893 (special session of the Senate), but did not qualify or take his seat; resigned July 11, 1893; State un- represented in this class from March 4, 1893, to January 23, 1895. FIFTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1895, TO MARCH 3, 1897. FIRST SESSION December 2, 1895, to June 11, 1896. SECOND SESSION December 7, 1896, to March 2, 1897. VICE PRESIDENT Adlai E. Stevenson, of Illinois. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PEO TEMPORE William P. Frye, 1 of Maine. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE William R. Cox, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Thomas B. Reed, of Maine. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Alexander McDowell, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. John T. Morgan, Selma. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard H. Clarke, Mobile. Jesse F. Stallings, Greenville. George P. Harrison, 2 Opelika. Gaston A. Robbins, 3 Dallas County. William F. Aldrich, 4 Aldrich. James E. Cobb, 5 Tuskegee. James L. Pugh, Eufaula. Albert T. Goodwyn, 6 Robinson Springs. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. Milford W. Howard, Fort Payne. Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. Oscar W. Underwood, 7 Birmingham. Truman H. Aldrich, 8 Birmingham. ARKANSAS. James K. Jones, Washington. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Philip D. McCulloch, jr., Marianna. John S. Little, Greenwood. Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. James H. Berry, Bentonville. William L. Terry, Little Rock. Hugh A . Dinsmore, Fayetteville. Robert Neill, Batesville. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Stephen M. White, Los Angeles. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. Barham, Santa Rosa. Grove L. Johnson, Sacramento. Samuel G. Hilborn, Oakland. James G. Maguire, San Francisco. George C. Perkins, Oakland. Eugene F. Loud, San Francisco. James McLachlan, Pasadena. William W. Bowers, San Diego. 1 Elected February 7, 1896. 2 Election unsuccessfully contested by W. C. Robinson. 3 Served until March 13, 1896; succeeded by William F. Aldrich who contested his election. 4 Successfully contested the election of Gaston A. Robbins, and took his seat March 13 J896. * Served until April 21. 1890; succeeded by Albert T. Good- wyn, who contested hie election. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 23 6 Successfully contested the election of James E. Cobb, and took his seat April 22, 1890. 'Served until June 9, 1896; succeeded by Truman H. Aldrich, who contested his election. 8 Successfully contested the election of Oscar W. Underwood, aud took his seat June 9, 1896. 353 354 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. COLORADO. SENATORS. Henry M. Teller, Central City. Edward O. Wolcott, Denver. REPRESENTATIVES . John F. Shafroth, Denver. John C. Bell, Montrose. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orville H. Platt, Meriden. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. E. Stevens Henry, Rockville. Charles A. Russell, Killingly. Nehemiah D. Sperry, New Haven. Ebenezer J. Hill, Norwalk. DELAWARE. SENATORS. George Gray, New Castle. Richard R. Kenny, 1 Dover. REPRESENTATIVE . Jonathan S. Willis, Milford. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Wilkinson Call, Jacksonville. Samuel Pasco, Monticello. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen M. Sparkman, Tampa. Charles M. Cooper, Jacksonville. GEORGIA. SENATORS. John B. Gordon, Atlanta. Augustus 0. Bacon, Macon. REPRESENTATIVES. Rufus E. Lester, Savannah. Charles L. Bartlett, Macon. Benjamin E. Russell, Bainbridge. John W. Maddox, 4 Rome. Charles F. Crisp, 2 Americus. Thomas G. Lawson, Eatonton. Charles R. Crisp, 3 Americus. Parish C. Tate, Jasper. Charles L. Moses, Turin. James C. C. Black, 5 Augusta. Leonidas F. Livingston, Kings. Henry G. Turner, Quitman. IDAHO. SENATORS. George L. Shoup, Salmon City. Fred T. Dubois, Blackfoot. REPRESENTATIVE . Edgar Wilson, Boise City. i A petition and papers, certifying to the election of Henry presented on February 5, 1897; appeared, qualified, and took A. du Pont for the term commencing March 4, 1895, were his seat on the same day. The contest was continued in the presented December 4, 1895; numerous affidavits and papers succeeding Congress. The State was unrepresented in this challenging the regularity of the election were also presented; class from March 4, 1895, to January 19, 1897. the Committee on Privileges and Elections reported favorably 2 Died October 23, 1896. to Mr. du Pont, February 17, 1896, but on May 15, 1896, the 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles F. Crisp, Senate, by a vote of 31 to 30, decided he was not entitled to a and took his seat December 19, 1896. seat; papers and legislative records were presented January * Election unsuccessfully contested by William H. Felton. 21, 1897, attesting the election of John Edwards Addicks on & Resigned March 4, 1895, subsequently elected to fill va- the day preceding, for the term commencing March 4, 1895; cancy caused by his own resignation and took his seat ; credentials of Richard R. Kenny, duly signed by the gov- election unsuccessfully contested by Thomas E. Watson. emor, and certifying to his election on J anuary 19, 1897, were FIFTY-FOURTH CONGEESS. 355 ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. REPRESENTATIVES. J. Frank Aldrich, Chicago. William Lorimer, Chicago. Lawrence E. McGann, 1 Chicago. Hugh R. Belknap, 2 Chicago. Charles W. Woodman, Chicago. George E. White, Chicago. Edward D. Cooke, Chicago. George E. Foss, Chicago. Albert J. Hopkins, Aurora. Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. George W. Prince, 3 Galesburg. Walter Reeves, Streator. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. INDIANA. SENATORS. Daniel W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Hemenway, Boonville. Alexander M. Hardy, Washington. Robert J. Tracewell, Corydon. James E. Watson, Rushville. Jesse Overstreet, Indianapolis. Henry U. Johnson, Richmond. Charles L. Henry, Anderson. IOWA. SENATORS. William B. Allison, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel M. Clark, Keokuk. George M. Curtis, Clinton. David B. Henderson, Dubuque. Thomas Updegraff, McGregor. Robert G. Cousins, Tipton. John F. Lacey, Oskaloosa. J. McAuley Palmer, Springfield. Vespasian Warner, Clinton. Joseph y. Graff, Pekin. Benjamin F. Marsh, Warsaw. Finis E. Downing, 4 Virginia. John I. Rinaker, 5 Carlinville. James A. Connolly, Springfield. Frederick Remann, 6 Madison. William F. L. Hadley, 7 Edwardsville. Benson Wood, EfBngham. Orlando Burrell, Carmi. Everett J. Murphy, East St. Louis. . George W. Smith, Murphysboro. David Turpie, Indianapolis. George W. Faris, Terre Haute. J. Frank Hanley, Williamsport. Jethro A. Hatch, Kentland. George W. Steele, Marion. Jacob D. Leighty, St. Joe. Lemuel W. Royse, Warsaw. John H. Gear, Burlington. John A. T. Hull, Des Moines. William P. Hepburn, Clarinda. Alva L. Hager, Greenfield. Jonathan P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. George D. Perkins, Sioux City. KANSAS. SENATORS. William A. Peffer, Topeka. REPRESENTATIVES. Case Broderick, Hoi ton. Orrin L. Miller, Kansas City. Snyder S. Kirkpatrick, Fredonia. Charles Curtis, Topeka. KENTUCKY. Lucien Baker, Leaven worth. William A. Calderhead, Marysville. William Baker, Lincoln. Chester I. Long, Medicine Lodge. Richard W. Blue, Pleasanton. SENATORS. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. REPRESENTATIVES. John K. Hendrick, Smithland. John D. Clardy, Newstead. W. Godfrey Hunter, Burkesville. John W. Lewis, Springfield. Walter Evans, Louisville. Albert S. Berry, Newport. William Lindsay, Frankfort. William C. Owens, 8 Georgetown. ' James B. McCreary, Richmond. Samuel J. Pugh, Vanceburg. Joseph M. Kendall, 9 Presto nsburg. N. T. Hopkins, 10 Marshall. David G. Colson, Middlesboro. ' Resigned December 2, 1895; suc-ceeded by Hugh R. Bel- knap, who contested his election. 2 Successfully contested the election of Lawrence E. McGann, and took his seat December 27, 1895. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Philip S. Post in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 2, 1895. 4 Served until January 5, 189G; succeeded by John I. Rina- ker, who contested his election. 6 Successfully contested the election of Finis E. Downing, and took his seat January 5, 1896. "Died July 14, 1895. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Frederick Remann, and took his seat December 2, 1 895. s Election unsuccessfully contested by George Denny, jr. 9 Served until February 18, 1897; succeeded byN. T. Hop- kins, who contested his election. "> Successfully contested the election of Joseph M.Kendall, and took his seat February 18, 1897. 356 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Donelson Caffery, Franklin. Newton 0. Blanchard, Shreveport. REPRESENTATIVES. Adolph Meyer, New Orleans. Henry W. Ogden, Benton. Charles F. Buck, 1 New Orleans. Charles J. Boatner, 3 Monroe. Andrew Price, 2 Thibodaux. Samuel M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Reed, Portland. Nelson Dingley, jr., Lewiston. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Seth L. Millikin, Belfast. Charles A. Boutelle, Bangor. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Arthur Pue Gorman, Laurel. Charles H. Gibson, Easton. REPRESENTATIVES. Joshua W. Miles, Princess Anne. William B. Baker, Aberdeen. Harry W. Rusk, 4 Baltimore. John K. Cowen, Baltimore. Charles E. Coffin, Muirkirk. George L. Wellington, Cumberland. MASSACHUSETTS. George F. Hoar, Worcester. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Ashley B. Wright, North Adams. Frederick H. Gillett, Springfield. Joseph H. Walker, Worcester. Lewis D. Apsley, Hudson. William S. Knox, Lawrence. William Cogswell, 5 Salem. William H. Moody, 6 Haverhill. James McMillan, Detroit. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Corliss, Detroit. George Spalding, Monroe. Alfred Milnes, 7 Coldwater. Henry F. Thomas, Allegan. William Alden Smith, Grand Rapids. David A. Aitken, Flint. Henry Cabot Lodge, Nahant. William E. Barrett, Melrose. Samuel W. McCall, Winchester. John F. Fitzgerald, Boston. Harrison H. Atwood, Boston. William F. Draper, Hopedale. Elijah A. Morse, Canton. John Simpkins, Yarmouth. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. Horace G. Snover, Port Austin. William S. Linton, Saginaw. Roswell P. Bishop, Ludington. Rousseau O. Crump, We&t Bay City. John Avery, Greenville. Samuel M. Stephenson, Menominee. MINNESOTA. Cushman K. Davis, St. Paul. James A. Tawney, Winona. James T. McCleary, Mankato. Joel P. Heatwole, Northfield. Andrew R. Keifer, St. Paul. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Knute Nelson, Alexandria. Loren Fletcher, Minneapolis. Charles A. Towne, Duluth. Frank M. Eddy, Glenwood. i Election unsuccessfully contested by II. Dudley Coleman. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Taylor Beattie. s Election contested by Alexis Benoit; seat declared vacant March. 20, 1896; subsequently elected and took his seat Decem- ber 10, 1896; this election unsuccessfully contested by Alexis Benoit. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by William S. Booze. 5 Died May 22, 1895. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Cogswell, and took his seat December 2, 1895. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Julius C. Burrows, elected Senator, in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 2, 1895. FIFTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 357 MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Jameg Z. George, Carroll ton. REPRESENTATIVES. John M. Allen, Tupelo. John C. Kyle, Sardis. Thomas C. Catchinga, Vicksburg. H. De Soto Money, Carrollton. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles N. Clark, Hannibal. Uriel S. Hall, Hubbard. Alexander M. Dockery, Gallatin. George C. Crowther, St. Joseph. John C. Tarsney, 1 Kansas City. Robert T. Van Horn, 2 Kansas City. David A. De Armond, Butler. John P. Tracey, Springfield. MONTANA. SENATORS. Lee Mantle, Rutte. Edward C. Walthall, Grenada. John S. Williams, Yazoo. Walter McK. Denny, Scranton. James G. Spencer, Port Gibson. George G. Vest, Kansas City. Joel D. Hubbard, Versailles. William M. Treloar, Mexico. Richard Bartholdt, St. Louis. Charles F. Joy, St. Louis. Seth W. Cobb, St. Louis. John H. Raney, Piedmont. Norman A. Mozley, Dexter. Charles G. Burton, Nevada. Thomas H. Carter, Helena. REPRESENTATIVE . Charles S. Hartman, Bozeman. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. William V. Allen, Madison. John M. Thurston, Omaha. REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse B. Strode, Lincoln. David H. Mercer, Omaha. George D. Meiklejohn, Fullerton. Eugene J. Hainer, Aurora. William E. Andrews, Hastings. Omer M. Kem, Broken Bow. NEVADA. SENATORS. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. William M. Stewart, Carson City. REPRESENTATIVE . Francis G. Newlands, Reno. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. William E. Chandler, Concord. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. REPRESENTATIVES. Cyrus A. Sulloway, Manchester. Henry M. Baker, Bow. i Served until February 27, 189(1; succeeded by Robert T. Van Horn, who contested his election. 2 Successfully contested the election of John C. Tarsney. and took his seat February 27, 1896. 358 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. James Smith, jr., Newark. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. John J. Gardner, Atlantic City. Benjamin F. Howell, New Brunswick. Mahlon Pitney, Morristown. William J. Sewell, Camden. James F. Stewart, Paterson. Richard W. Parker, Newark. Thomas McEwan, jr., Jersey City. Charles N. Fowler, Elizabeth. David B. Hill, Albany. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Richard C. McCormick, Jamaica. Denis M. Hurley, Brooklyn. Francis H. Wilson, Brooklyn. Israel F. Fischer, Brooklyn. Charles G. Bennett, Brooklyn. James R. Howe, Brooklyn. Franklin Bartlett, New York. James J. Walsh, 1 New York. John M. Mitchell, 2 New York. Henry Clay Miner, 3 New York. Amos J. Cummings, 4 New York. William Sulzer, New York. George B. McClellan, New York. Richard C. Shannon, New York. Lemuel E. Quigg, New York. Philip B. Low, New York. Benjamin L. Fairchild, Pelham Heights. Benjamin B. Odell, jr., Newburgh. Edward Murphy, jr., Troy. Jacob Le Fever, New Paltz. Frank S. Black, 5 Troy. George N. Southwick, Albany. David F. Wilber, Oneonta. Newton M. Curtis, Ogdensburg. Wallace T. Fopte, jr., Port Henry. Charles A. Chickering, Copenhagen. James S. Sherman, Utica. George W. Ray, Norwich. Theodore L. Poole, Syracuse. Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. Charles W. Gillett, Addison. James W. Wads worth, Geneseo. Henry C. Brewster, Rochester. Rowland B. Mahany, Buffalo. Charles Daniels, Buffalo. Warren B. Hooker, Fredonia. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Jeter C. Pritchard, Marshall. REPRESENTATIVES . Harry Skinner, Greenville. Frederick A. Woodard, 6 Wilson. John G. Shaw, 7 . Fayetteville. William F. Strowd, Pittsboro. Thomas Settle, Reidsville. Marion Butler, Elliott. James A. Lockhart, 8 Wadesboro. Charles H. Martin, 9 Polkton. Alonzo C. Shuford, Newton. Romulus Z. Linney, Taylorsville. Richmond Pearson, Asheville. NORTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Henry C. Hansbrough, Devils Lake. William N. Roach, Larimore. REPRESENTATIVE . Martin N. Johnson, Petersburg. i Served until June 2, 1896; succeeded by John M. Mitchell, who contested his election. 1 Successfully contested the election of James J. Walsh, and took his seat June 2, 1896. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Timothy J. Campbell. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Andrew J. Campbell in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 2, 1895. 5 Resigned January 7, 1887, having been elected Governor. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by Henry P. Cheatham. ' Election unsuccessfully contested by Cyrus Thompson. 8 Served until June 5, 1896; succeeded' by Charles H. Martin, who contested his election. 9 Successfully contested election of James A. Lockhart, and took his seat June 5, 1890. FIFTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 359 OHIO. SENATORS. John Sherman, Mansfield. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles P. Taft, Cincinnati. Jacob H. Bromwell, Cincinnati. Paul J. Sorg, Middletown. Fernando C. Lay ton, Wapakoneta. .Francis B. De Witt, Paulding. George W. Hulick, Batavia. George W. Wilson, London. Luther M. Strong, Kenton. James H. Southard, Toledo. Lucien J. Fenton, Winchester. Charles H. Grosvenor, Athens. Calvin S. Brice, Lima. David K. Watson, Columbus. Stephen R. Harris, Bucyrus. Winfield S. Kerr, Mansfield. Henry C. Van Voorhis, Zanesville. Lorenzo Danford, St. Clairsville. Addison S. McClure, Wooster. Robert W. Tayler, New Lisbon. Stephen A. Northway, Jefferson. Clifton B. Beach, Cleveland. Theodore E. Burton, Cleveland. OREGON. SENATORS John H. Mitchell, Portland. George W. McBride, St. Helens. REPRESENTATIVES. Binger Hermann, Roseburg. William R. Ellis, Heppner. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. J. Donald Cameron, Harrisburg. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Robert Adams, jr., Philadelphia. Frederick Halterman, Philadelphia. John E. Reyburn, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, Philadelphia. John B. Robinson, Media. Irving P. Wanger, Norristown. Joseph J. Hart, Milford. Constantine J. Erdman, Allentown. Marriott Brosius, Lancaster. Joseph A. Scranton, Scranton. John Leisenring, Upper Lehigh. Charles N. Brumm, Minersville. Ephraim M. Woomer, Lebanon. James H. Codding, 1 Towanda. Matthew S. Quay, Beaver. Fred C. Leonard, Coudersport. Monroe H. Kulp, Shamokin. Thaddeus M. Mahon, Chambersburg. James A. Stable, Emigsville. Josiah D. Hicks, Altoona. Daniel B. Heiner, Kittanning. John Dalzell, Pittsburgh. William A. Stone, Allegheny. Ernest F. Acheson, Washington. Thomas W. Phillips, New Castle. Matthew Griswold, Erie. Charles W. Stone, Warren. William C. Arnold, Du Bois. Galusha A. Grow, Glenwood. George F. Huff, Greensburg. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. George P. Wetmore, Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Melville Bull, Middletown. Warren O. Arnold, Chepatchet. SOUTH CAROLINA. John L. M. Irby, Laurens. William Elliott, 2 Beaufort. George W. Murray, 3 Rembert. W. Jasper Talbert, Parksville. Asbury C. La timer, 4 Belton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Benjamin R. Tillman, Trenton. Stanyarne Wilson, Spartanburg. Thomas J. Strait, Lancaster. John L. McLaurin, 5 Marlboro County. J. William Stokes, 6 Orangeburg. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Myron B. Wright (November 13, 1894, before the beginning of the Congress), and took his seat December 2, 1895. 3 Served until June 4, 1896; succeeded by George W. Murray, who contested his election. ' Successfully contested the election of William Elliott, and took his seat June 4, 1896. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by Robert Moorman. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by Joshua E. Wilson. 6 Election contested by James B. Johnston, but the House on June 1, 1896. declared the election invalid and seat vacant; subsequently elected and took his seat December 7, 1896. 360 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. SOUTH DAKOTA. ' ii . SENATORS. Richard F. Pettigrew, Sioux Falls. James H. Kyle, Aberdeen. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. Pickler, Faulkton. Isham G. Harris, Memphis. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William C. Anderson, Newport. Henry R. Gibson, Knoxville. Foster V. Brown, Chattanooga. Benton McMillin, Carthage. James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. TEXAS. SENATORS. Robert J. Gamble, Yankton. William B. Bate, Nashville. Joseph E. Washington, Cedar Hill. Nicholas N. Cox, Franklin. John E. McCall, Lexington. James C. McDearmon, Trenton. Josiah Patterson, Memphis. Horace Chilton, Tyler. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph C^ Hutcheson, Houston. Charles K. Bell, Fort Worth. Joseph D. Sayers, Bastrop. Miles Crowley, 3 Galveston. William H. Grain, 4 Cuero. Rudolph Kleberg, 5 Cuero. George H. Noonan, San Antonio. Jeremiah V. Cockrell, Anson. Sam B. Cooper, Woodville. Charles H. Yoakum, Greenville. David B. Culberson, 1 Jefferson. Joseph W. Bailey, Gainesville. Jo Abbott, 2 Hillsboro. George C. Pendelton, Belton. UTAH. 6 SENATORS. Frank J. Cannon, 7 Ogden. Arthur Brown, 8 Salt Lake City. REPRESENTATIVE. Clarence E. Allen, 9 Salt Lake City. VERMONT. SENATORS. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. Redfield Proctor, Proctor. REPRESENTATIVES. H. Henry Powers, Morrisville. William W. Grout, Barton. VIRGINIA. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Jones, 10 Warsaw. D. Gardiner Tyler, Charles City County. Tazewell Ellett, Richmond. William R. McKenney, 11 Petersburg. Robert T. Thorp, 12 Mecklenburg. Claude A. Swanson, 13 Chatham. Thomas S. Martin, Scottsville. Peter J. Otey, 14 Lynchburg. Smith S. Turner, Front Royal. Elisha E. Meredith, Brentsville. James A. Walker, Wytheville. Henry St. George Tucker, 15 Staunton. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by John H. Davis. * Election unsuccessfully contested by J. C. Kearby. * Election unsuccessfully contested by A. J.Rosenthal. Died February 6, 1896. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William H. Crain, and took his seat May 5, 1896. 6 Admitted as a State into the Union January 4, 1896. i Took his seat January 27, 18%; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1899. Took his seat January 27, 1896; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1897. Took his seat January 7, 1896. 10 Election unsuccessfully contested by James J. McDonald 11 Served until May 2, 1896; succeeded by Robert T. Thorp, who contested his election. 12 Successfully contested the election of William R. McKen- ney, and took his seat May 2, 1896. 13 Election unsuccessfully contested by George W.Cornell. 14 Election unsuccessfully contested by" J. Hampton Hoge. is Election unsuccessfully contested by Jacob Yost. FIFTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 361 WASHINGTON. SENATORS. Watson C. Squire, Seattle. John L. Wilson, Spokane. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Doolittle, Tacoma. Samuel C. Hyde, Spokane. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. Stephen B. Elkins, Elkins. REPRESENTATIVES. Blackburn B. Dovener, Wheeling. James H. Huling, Charleston. Alston G. Dayton, Philippi. Warren Miller, Jackson. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. William F. Vilas, Madison. John L. Mitchell, Milwaukee. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Cooper, Racine. Samuel A. Cook, Neenah. Edward Sauerhering, Mayville. Michael Griffin, Eau Claire. Joseph W. Babcock, Necedah. Edward S. Minor, Sturgeon Bay. Theobold Otjen, Milwaukee. Alexander Stewart, Wausau. Samuel S. Barney, West Bend. John J. Jenkins, Chippewa Falls. WYOMING. SENATORS. Francis E. Warren, Cheyenne. Clarence D. Clark, Evanston. REPRESENTATIVE . Frank W. Mondell, Newcastle. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Nathan O. Murphy, Phoenix. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Thomas B. Catron, Santa Fe. TERRITORY OF OKLAHOMA. DELEGATE. Dennis T. Flynn, Guthrie. TERRITORY OF UTAH. 1 DELEGATE. Frank J. Cannon, 2 Ogden. > Elevated to statehood January 4, 1896. tory of Utah was elevated to statehood; elected Senator from 2 Served as Delegate until January 4, 1896, when the terri- the new state, and took his seat in the Senate January 26, 1896. FIFTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1897, TO MARCH 3, 1899. FIRST SESSION March 15, 1897, to July 24, 1897. SECOND SESSION December 6, 1897, to July 8, 1898. THIRD SESSION December 5, 1898, to March 3, 1899. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1897, to March 10, 1897. VICE PEESIDENT Garrett A. Hobart, of New Jersey. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE William P. Frye, of Maine. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE William R. Cox, of North Carolina. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Thomas B. Reed, of Maine. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Alex- ander McDowell, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. John T. Morgan, Selma. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Taylor, Demopolis. Jesse F. Stallings, 1 Greenville. Henry D. Clayton, 2 Eufaula. Thomas S. Plowman, 3 Talladega. William F. Aldrich, 4 Aldrich. ARKANSAS. Edmund W. Pettus, Selma. Willis Brewer, Hayneville. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. Milford W. Howard, Fort Payne. Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. Oscar W. Underwood, 5 Birmingham. James K. Jones, Washington. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Philip D. McCulloch, jr., Marianna. John S. Little, Greenwood. Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. James H. Berry, Bentonville. William L. Terry, Little Rock. Hugh A. Dinsmore, Fayetteville. Stephen Brundidge, jr., Searcy. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. Stephen M. White, Los Angeles. REPRESENTATIVES. John A. Barham, Santa Rosa. Marion De Vries, Stockton. Samuel G. Hilborn, Oakland. James G. Maguire, San Francisco. George C. Perkins, Oakland. Eugene F. Loud, San Francisco. Charles A. Barlow, San Luis Obispo. Curtis H. Castle, Merced. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Thomas H. Clark. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by George L. Comer. 3 Served until February 9, 1898; succeeded by William F. Aldrich, who contested his election. 362 < Successfully contested the election of Thomas S. Plowman and took his seat February 9, 1898. 5 Election unsuccessfully contested by Grattan B. Crowe. FIFTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. COLORADO. SENATORS. Henry M. Teller, Central City. Edward O. Wolcott, Denver. REPRESENTATIVES. 363 John F. Shafroth, Denver. Orville H. Platt, Meriden. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. John C. Bell, Montrose. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. E. Stevens Henry, Rockville. Charles A. Russell, Killingly. Nehemiah D. Sperry, New Haven. Ebenezer J. Hill, Norwalk. DELAWARE. SENATORS. George Gray, Wilmington. Richard R. Kenney, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. Levin I. Handy, 1 Newark. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Samuel Pasco, Monticello. Stephen R. Mallory, Pensacola. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen M. Sparkman, Tampa. Robert W. Davis, Palatka. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Augustus O. Bacon, Macon. REPRESENTATIVES. Rufus E. Lester, Savannah. James M. Griggs, Dawson. Elijah B. Lewis, Montezuma. William C. Adamson, Carrollton. Leonidas F. Livingston, Kings. Charles L. Bartlett, Macon. Alexander S. Clay, Marietta. John W. Maddox, Rome. William M. Howard, Lexington. Farish C. Tate, Jasper. William H. Fleming, Augusta. William G. Brantley, Brunswick. George L. Shoup, Boise. Henry Heitfeld, Lewiston. IDAHO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. James Gunn, Boise. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. William E. Mason, Chicago. REPRESENTATIVES. James R. Mann, Chicago. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. William Lorimer, Chicago. Hugh R. Belknap, Chicago. Daniel W. Mills, Chicago. Edward D. Cooke, 2 Chicago. Henry S. Boutell, 3 Chicago. George E. White, Chicago. George E. Foss, Chicago. Albert J. Hopkins, Aurora. Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. George W. Prince, Galesburg. Walter Reeves, Streator. Vespasian Warner, Clinton. Joseph V. Graff, Pekin. Benjamin F. Marsh, Warsaw. William H. Hinrichsen, Jacksonville. James A. Connolly, Springfield. Thomas M. Jett, Hillsboro. Andrew J. Hunter, Paris. James R. Campbell, McLeansboro. Jehu Baker, Belleville. George W. Smith, Murphysboro. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by Jonathan S. Willis. * Died June 23, 1897. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Edward D. Cooke, and took his seat December 6, 1897. 364 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. INDIANA. David Turpie, Indianapolis. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Hemenway, Boonville. Robert W. Mi era, Bloomington. William T. Zenor, Corydon. William S. Holman, 1 Aurora. Francis M. Griffith, 2 Vevay. George W. Faris, Terre Haute. Henry U. Johnson, Richmond. Charles W. Fairbanks, Indianapolis. Jesse Overstreet, Indianapolis. Charles L. Henry, Anderson. Charles B. Landis, Delphi. Edgar D. Crumpacker, Valparaiso. George W. Steele, Marion. James M. Robinson, Fort Wayne. Lemuel W. Royse, Warsaw. I William B. Allison, Dubuque. IOWA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Samuel M. Clark, Keokuk. George M. Curtis, Clinton. David B. Henderson, Dubuque. Thomas Updegraff, McGregor. Robert G. Cousins, Tipton. John F. Lacey, Oskaloosa. John H. Gear, Burlington. John A. T. Hull, Des Moines. William P. Hepburn, Clarinda. Alva L. Hager, Greenfield. Jonathan P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. George D. Perkins, Sioux City. Lucien Baker, Leaven worth. Case Broderick, Holton. Mason S. Peters, Kansas City. Edwin R. Ridgely, Pittsburg. Charles Curtis, Tcpeka. KANSAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Harris, Lin wood. William D. Vincent, Clay Center. N. B. McCormick, Phillipsburg. Jerry Simpson, Medicine Lodge. Jeremiah D. Botkin, Winfield. KENTUCKY. William Lindsay, Frankfort. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles K. Wheeler, Paducah. John D. Clardy, Newstead. John S. Rhea,3 Russell ville. David H. Smith, Hodgensville. Walter Evans, Louisville. Albert S. Berry, Newport. William J. Deboe, Marion. Evan E. Settle, Owenton. George M. Davison, Stanford. Samuel J. Pugh, Vanceburg. Thomas Y. Fitzpatrick, Prestonburg. David G. Colson, Middlesboro. LOUISIANA. Donelson Caffery, Franklin. SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES. Adolph Meyer, 4 New Orleans. Robert C. Davey, New Orleans. Robert F. Broussard, New Iberia. Samuel D. McEnery, New Orleans. Henry W. Ogden, Benton. Samuel T. Baird, Bastrop. Samuel M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. i Died April 22, 1897. 1 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William S. Holman, and took his seat December 6, 1897. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by W. Godfrey Hunter. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by Joseph Gazin and Araand Remain. FIFTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. MAINE. SENATORS. 365 Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. Thomas B. Reed, Portland. Nelson Dingley, 1 Lewiston. Seth L. Milliken, 2 Belfast. REPRESENTATIVES. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Edwin C. Burleigh, 3 Augusta. Charles A. Boutelle, Bangor. Arthur Pue Gorman, Laurel. Isaac A. Barber, Easton. William B. Baker, Aberdeen. William S. Booze, Baltimore. MARYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George L. Wellington, Cumberland. William W. Mclntire, Baltimore. Sydney E. Mudd, La Plata. John McDonald, Rockville. MASSACHUSETTS. George F. Hoar, Worcester. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Ashley B. Wright, 4 North Adams. George P. Lawrence, 6 North Adams. Frederick H. Gillett, Springfield. Joseph H. Walker, Worcester. George W. Weymouth, Fitchburg. William S. Knox, Lawrence. William H. Moody, Haverhill. William E. Barrett, Melrose. Henry Cabot Lodge, Nahant. Samuel W. McCall, Winchester. John F. Fitzgerald, Boston. Samuel J. Barrows, Boston. Charles F. Sprague, Brookline. William C. Lovering, Taunton. John Simpkins, 6 Yarmouth. William S. Greene, 7 Fall River. MICHIGAN. James McMillan, Detroit. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Corliss, Detroit. George Spalding, Monroe. Albert M. Todd, Kalamazoo. Edward L. Hamilton, Niles. William Aid en Smith, Grand Rapids. Samuel W. Smith, Pontiac. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. Horace G. Snover, Port Austin. Ferdinand Brucker, Saginaw. Roswell P. Bishop, Ludington. Rousseau O. Crump, West Bay City. William S. Mesick, Mancelona. Carlos D. Sheldon, Hough ton. MINNESOTA. Cushman K. Davis, St. Paul. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Tawney, Winona. James T. McCleary, Mankato. Joel P. Heatwole, Northfield. Frederick C. Stevens, St. Paul. Knute Nelson, Alexandria. Loren Fletcher, Minneapolis. Page Morris, Duluth. Frank M. Eddy, Glenwood. Died January 13, 1899. s Died April 18, 1897. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Seth L. Milliken, and took his seat July 1, 1897. Died August 14, 1897. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Ashley B. \Vright, and took his seat December G, 1897. e Died March 27, 1898. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John Simpkins, and took his seat June 15, 1898. 366 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. James Z. George, 1 Carroll ton. Hernando D. Money, 2 Carroll ton. REPRESENTATIVES John M. Allen, Tupelo. William V. Sullivan, 5 Oxford. Thomas Spight, 6 Ripley. Thomas C. Catchings, Vicksburg. Andrew F. Fox, West Point. Edward C. Walthall, 3 Grenada. William V. Sullivan, 4 Oxford. John S.Williams, Yazoo. William F. Love, 7 Gloster. Frank A. McLain, 8 Gloster. Patrick Henry, Brandon. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. James T. Lloyd, 9 Shelbyville. Robert N. Bodine, Paris. Alexander M. Dockery, Gallatin. Charles F. Cochran, St. Joseph. William S. Cowherd, Kansas City. David A. De Armond, Butler. James Cooney, Marshall. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. MONTANA. George G. Vest, Sweet Springs. Champ Clark, Bowling Green. Richard Bartholdt, St. Louis. Charles F. Joy, St. Louis. Charles E. Pearce, St. Louis. Edward Robb, Perryville. William D. Vandiver, Cape Girardeau. Macenas E. Ben ton, Neosho. Lee Mantle, Butte. SENATORS. Thomas H. Carter, Helena. REPRESENTATIVE . Charles S. Hartman, Bozeman. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. William V. Allen, Madison. John M. Thurston, Omaha. REPRESENTATIVES. Jesse B. Strode, Lincoln. David H. Mercer, Omaha. Samuel Maxwell, Fremont. William L. Stark, Aurora. Roderick D. Sutherland, Nelson. William L. Greene, Kearney. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. NEVADA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. William M. Stewart, Carson City. Francis G. Newlands, Reno. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. William E. Chandler, Concord. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. REPRESENTATIVES. Cyrus A. Sulloway, Manchester. Frank G. Clarke, Peterboro. Died August 14, 1897. 'Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of James 7. George, and took his seat December 7,1897; subsequently elected . 3 Died April 21, 1898. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Edward C. Walthall, and took his seat May 31, 1898; subsequently elected. 6 Resigned, in May, 1898, having been appointed United States Senator. Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William V. Sullivan, and took his seat December 5, 1898; subsequently elected. ' Died October 16, 1898. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William F. Love, and took his seat December 12, 1898. s Took his seat December 6, 1897; Richard P. Giles was elected, but died before the commencement of Congress. FIFTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 367 James Smith, jr., Newark. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry 0. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. John J. Gardner, Atlantic City. Benjamin F. Howell, New Brunswick. Mahlon Pitney, 1 Morristown. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Edward Murphy, jr., Troy. RE PRE SE NTATIVE 8 . Joseph M. Belford, Riverhead. Denis M. Hurley, 2 Brooklyn. Francis H. Wilson, 3 Brooklyn. Edmund H. Driggs, 4 Brooklyn. Israel F. Fischer, Brooklyn. Charles G. Bennett, Brooklyn. James R. Howe, Brooklyn. John H. C. Vehslage, New York. John M. Mitchell, New York. Thomas J. Bradley, New York. Amos J. Cummings, New York. William Sulzer, New York. George B. McClellan, New York. Richard C. Shannon, New York. Lemuel E. Quigg, New York. Philip B. Low, New York. William L. Ward, 5 Port Chester. Benjamin B. Odell, jr., Newburg. William J. Sewell, Camden. James F. Stewart, Paterson. Richard W. Parker, Newark. Thomas McEwan, jr., Jersey City Charles N. Fowler, Elizabeth. Thomas C. Platt, Owego. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. Aaron V. S. Cochrane, Hudson. George N. Southwick, Albany. David F. Wilber, Oneonta. Lucius N. Littauer, Gloversville. Wallace T. Fopte, jr., Port Henry. Charles A. Chickering, Copenhagen. James S. Sherman, Utica. George W. Ray, Norwich. James J. Belden, Syracuse. Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. Charles W. Gillet, Addison. James W. Wadsworth, Geneseo. Henry C. Brewster, Rochester. Rowland B. Mahany, Buffalo. De Alva S. Alexander, Buffalo. Warren B. Hooker, 6 Fredonia. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Jeter C. Pritchard, Marshall. REPRE SE NTATIVE S . Harry Skinner, Greenville. George H. White, Tarboro. John E. Fowler, Clinton. William F. Strowd, Chapel Hill. William W. Kitchin, Roxboro. NORTH DAKOTA. Marion Butler, Elliot. Charles H. Martin, Polkton. Alonzo C. Shuford, Newton. Romulus Z. Linney, Taylorsville. Richmond Pearson, Asheville. SENATORS. Henry C. Hansbrough, Devils Lake. William N. Roach, Larimore. REPRESENTATIVE. Martin N. Johnson, Petersburg. OHIO. SENATORS. John Sherman, 7 Mansfield. Marcus A. Hanna, 8 Cleveland. REPRESENTATIVES. William B. Shattuc, Madisonville. Jacob H. Bromwell, Cincinnatti. John L. Brenner, Dayton. George A. Marshall, Sidney. Joseph B. Foraker, Cincinnati. David Meekison, Napoleon. Seth W. Brown, Lebanon. Walter L. Weaver, Springfield. Archibald Ly brand, Delaware. 1 Resigned January 10, 1899. 2 Died February 26, 1899. 3 Resigned September 30, 1897. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Francis H. Wilson, and took his seat December 6, 1897. fi Election unsuccessfully contested by Benjamin L. Fair- Child. 6 Resigned November 11, 1898. 7 Resigned March 4, 1897, to become Secretary of State. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Sher- man, and took his seat March 15, 1897; subsequently elected. 368 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. James H. Southard, Toledo. Lucien J. Fenton, Winchester. Charles H. Grosvenor, Athens. John J. Lentz, Columbus. James A. Norton, Tiffin. Winfield S. Kerr, Mansfield. Henry C. Van Voorhis, Zanesville. Lorenzo Danford, St. Clairsville. John A. McDowell, Millersburg. Robert W. Tayler, Lisbon. Stephen A. Northway, 1 Jefferson. Charles Dick, 2 Akron. Clifton B. Beach, Cleveland. Theodore E. Burton, Cleveland. OREGON. SENATORS. George W. McBride, St. Helens. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Tongue, 4 Hillsboro. Joseph Simon, 3 Portland. William R. Ellis, Heppner. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Matthew S. Quay, Beaver. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Robert Adams, jr., Philadelphia. William McAleer, 5 . Philadelphia. James R. Young, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, Philadelphia. Thomas S. Butler, Westchester. Irving P. Wanger, Norristown. William S. Kirkpatrick, Easton. Daniel Ermentrout, Reading. Marriott Brosius, Lancaster. William Connell, Scranton. Morgan B. Williams, Wilkes-Barre. Charles N. Brumm, Minersville. Marlin E. Olmsted, Harrisburg. James H. Codding, Towanda. Horace B. Packer, Wellsboro. Boies Penrose, Philadelphia. Monroe H. Kulp, Shamokin. Thaddeus M. Mahon, Chambersburg. George J. Benner, Gettysburg. Josiah D. Hicks, Altoona. Edward E. Robbins, Greensburg. John Dalzell, Pittsburgh. William A. Stone, 6 Allegheny. William H. Graham, 7 Allegheny. Ernest F. Acheson, Washington. Joseph B. Showalter, 8 Chicora. John C. Sturtevant, Conneautville. Charles W. Stone, Warren. William C. Arnold, Dubois. Galusha A. Grow, Glen wood. Samuel A. Davenport, Erie. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. George P. Wetniore, Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Melville Bull, Middletown. Adin B. Capron, Stilhvater. SOUTH CAROLINA. Benjamin R. Tillman, Trenton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Elliott, Beaufort. W. Jasper Talbert, Parksville. Asbury C. Latimer, Belton. Stanyarne Wilson, Spartanburg. Joseph H. Earle, 9 Greenville. John L. McLaurin, 10 Marlboro County. Thomas J. Strait, Lancaster. John L. McLaurin, 11 Marlboro County. James Norton, 12 Mullins. J. William Stokes, Orangeburg. i Died September 18, 1898. a Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Stephen A. Northway, and took his seat December 5, 1898. a The legislature, whose duty it was to elect a Senator to fill the vacancy caused by the expiration of the term of John H. Mitchell, March 3, 1897, met and adjourned without perform- ing this function; the credentials of Henry W. Corbett, ap- pointed by the governor to fill such vacancy, were presented March 15, 1897; on February 28, 1898, the Senate determined, by a vote of 50 to 19, that he was not entitled to the seat; cre- dentials of Mr. Simon, elected to fill the vacancy, were pre- sented December 5, 1898; took his seat the same day; State was unrepresented in this class from March 4, 1897, to Novem- ber 18, 1898. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by W. S. Vanderburg. 5 Election unsuccessfully contested by Samuel E. Hudson. Resigned November 9, 1898, to become governor of Penn- sylvania. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William A Stone, and took his seat December 5, 1898. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of James J. Da- vidson (January 2, 1897), and took his seat May 3, 1897. 9 Died May 20, 1897. 10 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Joseph H. Earle, and took his seat June 1,1897; subsequently elected\ 11 Resigned to become United States Senator May 31, 1897. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John L. McLaurin, and took bis seat December 6, 1897. FIFTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 369 SOUTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Richard F. Pettigrew, Sioux Falls. James H. Kyle, Aberdeen. REPRESENTATIVES. Freeman Knowles, Deadwood. John E. Kelley, Flandreau. Isham G. Harris, 1 Memphis. Thomas B. Turley, 2 Memphis. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Walter P. Brownlow, Jonesboro. Henry R. Gibson, Knoxville. John A. Moon, Chattanooga. Benton McMillin, 3 Carthage. James D. Richardson, Murfreeaboro. Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Ball, Huntsville. Sam B. Cooper, Beaumont. Reese C. DeGraffenreid, Longview. John W. Cranford, 5 Sulphur Springs. Joseph W. Bailey, Gainesville. Robert E. Burke, Dallas. Robert L. Henry, Waco. UTAH. SENATORS. Frank J. Cannon, Ogden. William B. Bate, Nashville. John W. Gaines, Nashville. Nicholas N. Cox, Franklin. Thetus W. Sims, Linden. Rice A. Pierce, Union City. Edward W. Carmack, 4 Memphis. Horace Chilton, Tyler. Samuel W. T. Lanham, Weatherford. Joseph D. Sayers, 6 Bastrop. R. B. Hawley, Galveston. Rudolph Kleberg, Cuero. James L. Slayden, San Antonio. John H. Stephens, Vernon. Joseph L. Rawlins, Salt Lake City. REPRESENTATIVE. William H. King, Salt Lake City. Justin S. Morrill, 7 Strafford. Jonathan Ross, 8 St. Johnsbury. H. Henry Powers, Morrisville. VERMONT. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Redfield Proctor, Proctor. William W. Grout, Barton. VIRGINIA. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Jones, Warsaw. William A. Young, 9 Norfolk. Richard A. Wise, 10 Williamsburg. John Lamb, Richmond. Sydney P. Epes, 11 Blackstone. Robert T. Thorp, 12 Mecklenberg. Thomas S. Martin, Scottsville. Claude A. Swanson, Chatham. Peter J. Otey, Lynchburg. James Hay, Madison. John F. Rixey, Brandy. James A. Walker, Wytheville. Jacob Yost, Staunton. i Died July 8, 1897. 1 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Isham G. Harris, and took his seat December 6, 1897; subsequently elected. 3 Resigned January 16, 1899, having been elected governor of Tennessee. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by Josiah Pattersoa. 5 Died March 2, 1899. 6 Resigned January 16, 1899, having been elected governor of Texas. ^ Died December 28, 1898. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Justin S. Morrill, and took his seat January 16, 1899. s Served until April 26, 1898; succeeded by Richard A. Wise, who contested his election. 10 Successfully contested the election of William A. Young, and took his seat April 26, 1898. " Served until March 23, 1898; succeeded by Robert T. Thorp, who contested his election. !2 Successfully contested the election of Sydney P. Epes, and took his seat March 23, 1898. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2- -24 370 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. WASHINGTON. SENATORS. John L. Wilson, Spokane. George Turner, Spokane. REPRESENTATIVES. James H. Lewis, Seattle. William C. Jones, Spokane. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. Stephen B. Elkins, Elkins. REPRESENTATIVES. Blackburn B. Dovener, Wheeling. Charles P. Dorr, Addison. Alston G. Dayton, Philippi. Warren Miller, Jackson. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. John L. Mitchell, Milwaukee. John C. Spooner, Madison. REPRESENTATIVES . Henry A. Cooper, Racine. James H. Davidson, Oshkosh. Edward Sauerherring, Mayville. Michael Griffin, Eau Claire. Joseph W. Babcock, Necedah. Edward S. Minor, Sturgeon Bay. Theobold Otjen, Milwaukee. Alexander Stewart, Wausau. Samuel S. Barney, West Bend. John J. Jenkins, Chippewa Falls. WYOMING. SENATORS. Francis E. Warren, Cheyenne. Clarence D. Clark, Evanston. REPRESENTATIVE. John E. Osborne, Rawlins. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Marcus A. Smith, Tucson. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO DELEGATE. Harvey B. Fergusson, Albuquerque. TERRITORY OF OKLAHOMA. DELEGATE. James Y. Callahan, Guthrie. FIFTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1899, TO MARCH 3, 1901. FIRST SESSION December 4, 1899, to June 7, 1900. SECOND SESSION December 3, 1900, to March 3, 1901. VICE PRESIDENT Garret A. Hobart, 1 of New Jersey. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE William P. Frye, of Maine. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Charles G. Bennett, 2 of New York. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE David B. Henderson, of Iowa. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Alexander McDowell, of Pennsylvania. John T. Morgan, Selma. George W. Taylor, Demopolis. Jesse F. Stallings, Greenville. H. DeLamar Clayton, Eufaula. Gaston A. Bobbins, 3 Selma. William F. Aldrich, 4 Aldrich. Willis Brewer, Hayneville. ALABAMA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. James K. Jones, Washington. REPRESENTATIVES. Philip D. McCulloch, Marianna. John S. Little, Greenwood. Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. George C. Perkins, Oakland. John A. Barham, Santa Rosa. Marion DeVries, 8 Stockton. Samuel D. Woods, 9 Stockton. Victor H. Metcalf, Oakland. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. COLORADO. Edmund W. Pettus, Selma. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. John L. Burnett, Gadsden. Joseph Wheeler, 5 Wheeler. William Richardson, 6 Huntsville. Oscar W. Underwood, Birmingham. James H. Berry, Bentonville. William L. Terry, Little Rock. Hugh A. Dinsmore, Fayetteville. Stephen Brundidge, jr., Searcy. Thomas R. Bard, 7 Hueneme. Julius Kahn, San Francisco. Eugene F. Loud, San Francisco. Russell J. Waters, Los Angeles. James C. Needham, Modesto. SENATORS. Henry M. Teller, Central City. Edward O. Wolcott, Denver. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Shafroth, Denver. John C. Bell, Montrose. 1 Died November 21, 1899. 2 Elected January 29, 1900. 3 Served until March 8, 1900; succeeded by William F. Aldrich, who contested his election. 4 Successfully contested the election of Gaston A. Bobbins, and took his seat March 8, 1900. > Resigned April 20, 1900. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph Wheeler, and took his seat December 3, 1900. 7 Elected for the term commencing March 4, 1899, and took his seat March 5, 1900; vacancy from March 4, 1899, to Feb- ruary 7, 1900. 8 Resigned August 20, 1900. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Marion DeVries, and took his seat December 3, 1900. 371 372 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orville H. Platt, Meriden. REPRESENTATIVES. E. Stevens Henry, Rockville. Nehemiah D. Sperry, New Haven. Richard R. Kenney, Dover. John II. Hoffecker, 2 Smyrna. Stephen R. Mallory, Pensacola. Stephen M. Sparkman, Tampa. DELAWARE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. FLORIDA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Augustus 0. Bacon, Macon. REPRESENTATIVES. Rufus E. Lester, Savannah. James M. Griggs, Dawson. Elijah B. Lewis, Montezuma. William C. Adamson, Carrollton. Leonidas F. Livingston, Kings. Charles L. Bartlett, Macon. George L. Shoup, Boise. IDAHO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. Charles A. Russell, Killingly. Ebenezer J. Hill, Norwalk. Vacant. 1 Walter 0. Hoffecker, 3 Smyrna. James P. Taliaferro, Jacksonville. Robert W. Davis, Palatka. Alexander S. Clay, Marietta. John W. Maddox, Rome. William M. Howard, Lexington. Parish C. Tate, Jasper. William II. Fleming, Augusta. William G. Brantley, Brunswick. Henry Heitfeld, Lewiston. Edgar Wilson, Boise City. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. REPRESENTATIVES. James R. Mann, Chicago. William Lorimer, Chicago. George P. Foster, Chicago. Thomas Cusack, Chicago. Edward T. Noonan, Chicago. Henry S. Boutell, Chicago. George E. Foss, Chicago. Albert J. Hopkins, Aurora. Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. George W. Prince, Galesburg. Walter Reeves, Streator. William E. Mason, Chicago. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. Vespasian Warner, Clinton. Joseph V. Graff, Peoria. Benjamin F. Marsh, Warsaw. William E. Williams, Pittsfield. Benjamin F. Caldwell, Chatham. Thomas M. Jett, Hillsboro. Joseph B. Crowley, Robinson. James R. Williams, Carmi. William A. Rodenberg, East St. Louis George W. Smith, Murphysboro. 1 Vacancy from March 4, 1899, to March 2, 1903, because of 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John H. Hof- failure of legislature to elect a Senator. fecker, and took his seat December 3, 1900. * Died June 16, 1900. FIFTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 373 INDIANA. SENATORS. Charles W. Fairbanks, Indianapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Hemenway, Boonville. Robert W. Miers, Bloomington. William T. Zenor, Corydon. Francis M. Griffith, Vevay. George W. Faris, Terre Haute. James E. Watson, Rushville. Jesse Overstreet, Indianapolis. William B. Allison, Dubuque. IOWA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Hedge, Burlington. Joseph R. Lane, Davenport. David B. Henderson, Dubuque. Gilbert N. Haugen, Northwood. Robert G. Cousins, Tipton. John F. Lacey, Oskaloosa. John A. T. Hull, Des Moines. Lucien Baker, Leavenworth. KANSAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Curtis, Topeka. Justin D. Bowersock, Lawrence. Edward R. Ridgely, Pittsburg. James M. Miller, Council Grove. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. William Lindsay, Frankfort. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles K. Wheeler, Paducah. Henry D. Allen, Morganfield. John S. Rhea, Russellville. David H. Smith, Hodgensville. Oscar Turner, 7 Jefferson County. Albert S. Berry, Newport. Albert J. Beveridge, Indianapolis. George W. Cromer, Muncie. Charles B. Landis, Delphi. Edgar D. Crumpacker, Valparaiso. George W. Steele, Marion. James M. Robinson, Fort Wayne. Abraham L. Brick, South Bend. John H. Gear, 1 Burlington. Jonathan P. Dolliver, 2 Fort Dodge. William P. Hepburn, Clarinda, Smith McPherson, 3 Red Oak. Walter I. Smith, 4 Council Bluffs. Jonathan P. Dolliver, 5 Fort Dodge. James P. Conner, 6 Denison. Lot Thomas, Storm Lake. William A. Harris, Lin wood. William A. Calderhead, Marysville. William A. Reeder, Lo^an. Chester I. Long, Medicine Lodge. Willis J. Bailey, Bailey ville. William J. Deboe, Marion. Evan E. Settle, 8 Owenton. June W. Gayle, 9 Owenton. George G. Gilbert, Shelbyville. Samuel J. Pugh, Vanceburg. Thomas Y. Fitzpatrick, Prestonburg. Vincent S. Boreing, 10 London. LOUISIANA. Donelson Caffery, Franklin. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Adolph Meyer, New Orleans. Robert C. Davey, New Orleans. Robert F. Broussard, New Iberia. Phanor Breazeale, Natchitoches. Samuel D. McEnery, New Orleans. Samuel T. Baird, 11 Bastrop. Joseph E. Ransdell, 12 Lake Providence. Samuel M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. i Died July 14, 1900. . a Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of John H. Gear, and took his seat December 4, 1900. 3 Resigned June 6, 1900. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Smith McPherson, and took his seat December 3, 1900. 6 Resigned August 22, 1900, having been appointed Senator. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jonathan P. Dolliver, and took his seat December 4, 1900. 7 Election unsuccessfully contested by Walter Evans. 8 Died November 16, 1899. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Evan E. Settle, and took his seat January 15, 1900. 10 Election unsuccessfully contested by John D. White. 11 Died April 22, 1899. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Samuel T. Baird, and took his seat December 4, 1899. 374 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas B. Reed, 1 Portland. Amos L. Allen, 2 Alfred. Charles E. Littlefield, 3 Rockland. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Edwin C. Burleigh, Augusta. Charles A. Boutelle, 4 Bangor. MARYLAND. SENATORS. George L. Wellington, Cumberland. John W. Smith, 5 Snow Hill. Josiah L. Kerr, 6 Cambridge. William B. Baker, Aberdeen. Frank C. Wachter, Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. Louis E. McComas, Williamsport. James W. Denny, Baltimore. Sydney E. Mudd, La Plata. George A. Pearre, Cumberland. MASSACHUSETTS. George F. Hoar, Worcester. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George P. Lawrence, North Adams. Frederick H. Gillett, Springfield. John R. Thayer, Worcester. George W. Weymouth, Fitchburg. William S. Knox, Lawrence. William H. Moody, Haverhill. Ernest W. Roberts, Chelsea. Henry Cabot Lodge, Nahant. Samuel W. McCall, Winchester. John F. Fitzgerald, Boston. Henry F. Naphen, Boston. Charles F. Sprague, Brookline. William C. Lovering, Taunton. William S. Greene, Fall River. MICHIGAN. James McMillan, Detroit. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Corliss, Detroit. Henry C. Smith, Adrian. Washington Gardner, Albion. Edward L. Hamilton, Niles. William Alden Smith, Grand Rapids Samuel W. Smith, Pontiac. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. Edgar Weeks, Mount Clemens. Joseph W. Fordney, Saginaw. Roswell P. Bishop, Ludington. Rousseau O. Crump, West Bay City. William S. Mesick, Mancelona. Carlos D. Shelden, Hough ton. MINNESOTA. Cushman K. Davis, 7 St. Paul. Charles A. Towne, 8 Duluth. Moses E. Clapp, 9 St. Paul. SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Tawney, Winona. James T. M,cCleary, Mankato. Joel P. Heatwole, Northfield. Frederick C. Stevens, St. Paul. Knute Nelson, Alexandria. Loren Fletcher, Minneapolis. Page Morris, Duluth. Frank M. Eddy, Glenwood 1 Resigned September 4, 1899. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas B. Reed, and took his seat December 4, 1899. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Nelson Dingley , jr., in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 4, 1899. Davis, and took his seat December 10, 1900. * Resigned March 3, 1901. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Cush Resigned January 12, 1900. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John W. Smith, and took his seat December 3, 1900. i Died November 27, 1900. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Cushman K. man K. Davis, and took his seat January 28, 1901. FIFTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 375 MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Will V. Sullivan, Oxford. REPRESENTATIVES . John M. Allen, Tupelo. Thomas Spight, Ripley. Thomas C. Catchings, Vicksburg. Andrew F. Fox, West Point. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. James T. Lloyd, Shelbyville. William W. Rucker, Keytesville. John Dougherty, Liberty. Charles F. Cochran, St. Joseph. William S. Cowherd, Kansas City. David A. De Armond, Butler. James Cooney, Marshall. Richard P. Bland, 1 Lebanon. Dorsey W. Shackleford, 2 Jefferson City. Hernando D. Money, Carrollton. John S. Williams, Yazoo. Frank A. McLain, Gloster. Patrick Henry, Brandon. George G. Vest, Sweet Springs. Champ Clark, Bowling Green. Richard Bartholdt, St. Louis. Charles F. Joy, St. Louis. Charles E. Pearce, St. Louis. Edward Robb, Perryville. Willard D. Vandiver, Cape Girardeau. Maecenas E. Ben ton, Neosho. MONTANA. SENATORS. Thomas H. Carter, Helena. William A. Clark, 3 Butte. REPRESENTATIVE. Albert J. Campbell, Butte. NEBRASKA. ' SENATORS. John M. Thurston, Omaha. Monroe L. Hayward, 4 Nebraska City. William V. Allen, 5 Madison. REPRESENTATIVES. Elmer 3 L Burkett, Lincoln. William L. Stark, Aurora. Roderick D. Sutherland, Nelson. William L. Greene, 6 Kearney. William Neville, 7 North Platte. David H. Mercer, Omaha. John S. Robinson, Madison. NEVADA. SENATORS. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. William M. Stewart, Carson City. REPRESENTATIVE. Francis G. Newlands. Reno. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. William E. Chandler, Concord. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. REPRESENTATIVES. Cyrus A. Sulloway, Manchester. Frank G. Clarke, 8 Peterboro. 1 Died June 15, 1899. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Richard P. Bland, and took his seat December 4, 1899. s Protests and a memorial of certain citizens of Montana against the validity of his election were presented and referred on December 4, 1899; Committee on Privileges and Elections, April 23. 1900, reported a resolution declaring he was not legally elected ana not entitled to a seat; resigned May 11. 1900, while resolution was pending; credentials were presented of his subsequent election, March 2, 1901 , and he took his seat March 4, 1901, in special session of Senate of the Fifty-Seventh Congress. Died December 5, 1899. fi Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Monroe L. Hayward, and took his seat December 19, 1899. 6 Died March 11, 1899. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William L. Greene, and took his seat December 4, 1899. 8 Died January 9, 1901. 376 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. William J. Sewell, Camden. John Kean, Ursino. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. John J. Gardner, Atlantic City. Benjamin F. Howell, New Brunswick. Joshua S. Salmon, Boonton. James F. Stewart, Paterson. Thomas C. Platt, Owego. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Townsend Scudder, Glenhead. John J. Fitzgerald, Brooklyn. Edmund H. Driggs, Brooklyn. Bertram T. Clayton, Brooklyn. Frank E. Wilson, Brooklyn. Mitchell May, Brooklyn. Nicholas Muller, New Brighton. Daniel J. Riordan, New York. Thomas J. Bradley, New York. Amos J. Cummings, New York. William Sulzer, New York. George B. McClellan, New York. Jefferson M. Levy, New York. William A. Chanler, New York. Jacob Ruppert, jr., New York. John Q. Underbill, New Rochelle. Arthur S. Tompkins, Nyack. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. Richard W. Parker, Newark. William D. Daly, 1 Hoboken. Allan L. McDermott, 2 Jersey City. Charles N. Fowler, Elizabeth. Chauncey M. Depew, Peekskill. Aaron V. S. Cochrane, Hudson. Martin H. Glynn, Albany. John K. Stewart, Amsterdam. Lucius N. Littauer, Gloversville. Louis W. Emerson, Warrensburg. Charles A. Chickering, 3 Copenhagen. Albert D. Shaw, 4 Watertown. James S. Sherman, Utica. George W. Ray, Norwich. Michael E. Driscoll, Syracuse. Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. Charles W. Gillet, Addison. James W. Wadsworth, Geneseo. James M. E. O'Grady, Rochester. William H. Ryan, Buffalo. De Alva S. Alexander, Buffalo. Edward B. Vreeland, 5 Salamanca. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Marion Butler, Elliot. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Small, Washington. George H. White, Tarboro. Charles R. Thomas, Newbern. John W. Atwater, Rialto. William W. Kitchin, Roxboro. Jeter C. Pritchard, Marshall. John D. Bellamy, Wilmington. Theodore F. Kluttz, Salisbury. Romulus Z. Linney, Taylorsville. William T. Crawford, 6 Waynesville. Richmond Pearson, 7 Asheville. NORTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Henry C. Hansbrough, Devils Lake. Porter J. McCumber, Wahpeton. REPRESENTATIVE. Burleigh F. Spalding, Fargo. OHIO. SENATORS. Joseph B. Foraker, Cincinnati. REPRESENTATIVES. William B. Shattuc, Madisonville. Jacob H. Bromwell, Cincinnati. John L. Brenner, Dayton. Robert B. Gordon, St. Marys. Marcus A. Hanna, Cleveland. David Meekison, Napoleon. Seth W. Brown, Lebanon. Walter L. Weaver, Springfield. Archibald Lybrand, Delaware. 1 Died July 31, 1900. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William D. Daly, and took his seat December 3, 1900. 3 Died February 13, 1900. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles A. Chick- erins, and took his seat December 3, 1900; died February 8, 1901 . '> Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Warren B. Hooker in preceding Congress and" took his seat December 4, 1S99. 6 Served until May 10, 1900; succeeded by Richmond Pear- son, who contested his election. 7 Successfully contested the election of William T.Crawford, and took his seat May 10, 1900. FIFTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 377 James H. Southard, Toledo. Stephen Morgan, Oakhill. Charles H. Grosvenor. Athens. John J. Lentz, Columbus. James A. Norton, Tiffin. Winfield S. Kerr, Mansfield. Henry C. Van Voorhis, Zanesville. Lorenzo Danford, 1 St. Clairsville. Joseph J. Gill, 2 Steubenville. John A. McDowell, Millersburg. Robert W. Taylor, Lisbon. Charles Dick, Akron. Fremont O. Phillips, Medina. Theodore E. Burton, Cleveland. OREGON. SENATORS. George W. McBride, St. Helens. Joseph Simon, Portland. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Tongue, Hillsboro. Malcolm A. Moody, The Dalles. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Boies Penrose, Philadelphia. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Robert Adams, jr., Philadelphia. William McAleer, Philadelphia. James R. Young, Philadelphia. Alfred C. Harmer, 4 Philadelphia. Edward Morrell, 5 Torresdale. Thomas S. Butler, West Chester. Irving P. Wanger, Norristown. Laird H. Barber, Mauch Chunk. Daniel Ermentrout, 6 Reading. Henry D. Green, 7 Reading. Marriott Brosius, Lancaster. William Connell, Scranton. Stanley W. Davenport, Plymouth. James W. Ryan^Pottsville. Matthew S. Quay, 3 Beaver. Marlin E. Olmsted, Harrisburg. Charles F. Wright, Susquehanna. Horace B. Packer, Wellsboro. Rufus K. Polk, Danville. Taddeus M. Mahon, Chambersburg. Edward D. Ziegler, York. Joseph E. Thropp, Everett. Summers M. Jack, Indiana. John Dalzell, Pittsburgh. William H. Graham, Allegheny. Ernest F. Acheson, Washington. Joseph B. Showalter, Butler. Athelston Gaston, Meadville. Joseph C. Sibley, Franklin. James K. P. Hall, Ridgway. Galusha A. Grow, Glenwopd. Samuel A. Davenport, Erie. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. George P. Wetmore, Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Melville Bull, Middletown. Adin B. Capron, Stillwater. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Benjamin R. Tillman, Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. William Elliott, Beaufort. W. Jasper Talbert, Parksville. Asbury C. La timer, Belton. Stanyarne Wilson, Spartanburg. John L. McLaurin, Marlboro. David E. Finley, Yorkville. James Norton, Mullins. J. William Stokes, Orangeburg. SOUTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Richard F. Pettigrew, Sioux Falls. James H. Kyle, Aberdeen, REPRESENTATIVES. Robert J. Gamble, Yorkton. Charles H. Burke, Pierre. 1 Died June 19, 1899. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Lorenzo Danford, and took his seat December 4, 1899. s Appointed to fill vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1899, the legislature having met and adjourned without electing; credentials presented December 5, 1899, but not per- mitted to qualify; on April 24, 1900, by a vote of 33 to 32, a reported resolution declaring him not entitled to a seat was agreed to; subsequently elected and took his seat January 17, 1901. Died March fi, 1900. 5 Elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Alfred C. Ilarmer, and took his seat December 3, 1900. * Died September 17, 1899. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Daniel Ermen- trout, and took his seat December 4, 1S99. 378 CONGBESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. Thomas B. Turley, Memphis. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Walter P. Brownlow, Jonesboro. Henry R. Gibson, Knoxville. John A. Moon, Chattanooga. Charles E. Snodgrass, Crossville. James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. Horace Chilton, Tyler. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Ball, Huntsville. Sam B. Cooper, Beaumont. Reese C. De Graff enreid, Longview. John L. Sheppard, Texarkana. Joseph W. Bailey, Gainesville. Robert E. Burke, Dallas. Robert L. Henry, Waco. UTAH. SENATORS. Joseph L. Rawlins, Salt Lake City. REPRESENTATIVES. Brigham H. Roberts, 2 Salt Lake City. William B. Bate, Nashville. John W. Gaines, Nashville. Nicholas N. Cox, Franklin. Thetus W. Sims, Linden. Rice A. Pierce, Union City. Edward W. Carmack, Memphis. Charles A. Culberson, Dallas. Samuel W. T. Lanham, Weatherford. Albert S. Burleson, Austin. Robert B. Hawley, Galveston. Rudolph Kleberg, Cicero. James L. Slay den, San Antonio. John H. Stephens, Vernon. Thomas Kearns, 1 Salt Lake City. William H. King, 3 Salt Lake City. VERMONT. SENATORS. Redfield Proctor, Proctor. Jonathan Ross, St. Johnsbury. William P. Dillingham, 4 Waterbury. REPRESENTATIVES. H. Henry Powers, Morrisville. William W. Grout, Barton. VIRGINIA. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Jones, Warsaw. William A. Young, 5 Norfolk. Richard A. Wise, Williamsburg. John Lamb, Richmond. Sydney P. Epes, 7 Blackstone. Francis R. Lassiter, 8 Petersburg. Thomas S. Martin, Scottsville. Claude A. Swanson, Chatham. Peter J. Otey, Lynchburg. James Hay, Madison. John F. Rixey, Brandy. William F. Rhea, Bristol. Julian M. Quarles, Staunton. > Elected to fill vacancy In term commencing March 4 1899, and took his seat February 4, 1901; vacancy from March 4, 1899, to February 4, 1901. 2 Presented credentials December 4, 1899. but not permitted to qualify, owing to protests against eligibility; on January 25, 1900, resolution was adopted by vote of 268 to 50 (36 not voting), declaring he " ought not to have or hold a seat, and the seat to which he was elected is hereby declared vacant." 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the House declaring the seat of Brigham H. Roberts vacant, and took his seat April 25, 1900. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Justin S. Mor- rill in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 3, 1900. Jonathan Ross was appointed to fill the vacancy in the pre- ceding Congress. 5 Served until March 12, 1900; succeeded by Richard A. Wise, who contested his election. 6 Successfully contested the election of William A. Young, and took his seat March 12, 1900; died December 21, 1900. ' Died March 3, 1900. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Sydney P. Epes, and took his seat April 28, 1900. FIFTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. WASHINGTON. SENATORS. George Turner, Spokane. Addison G. Foster, Tacoma. REPRESENTATIVES. Wesley L. Jones, North Yakima. Francis W. Cushman, Tacoma. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Stephen B. Elkins, Elkins. Nathan B. Scott, 1 Wheeling. REPRE S E NTATIVE S . David E. Johnston, Bluefield. Romeo H. Freer, Harrisville. 379 Blackburn B. Dovener, Wheeling. Alston G. Dayton, Philippi. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. John C. Spooner, Madison. Joseph V. Quarles, Milwaukee. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Cooper, Racine. Herman B. Dahle, Mount Horeb. Joseph W. Babcock, Necedah. Theobold Otjen, Milwaukee. Samuel S. Barney, Westbend. James H. Davidson, Oshkosh. John J. Esch, La Crosse. Edward S. Minor, Sturgeon Bay. Alexander Stewart, Wausau. John J. Jenkins, Chippewa Falls. WYOMING. SENATORS. Francis E. Warren, Cheyenne. Clarence D. Clark, Evanston. REPRESENTATIVE. Frank W. Mondell, Newcastle. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. John F. Wilson, Prescott. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO DELEGATE. Pedro Perea, Bernalillo. TERRITORY OF OKLAHOMA. DELEGATE. Dennis T. Flynn, Guthrie. TERRITORY OF HAWAII. 2 DELEGATE. Robert W. Wilcox, 3 Honolulu. 1 In the preceding Congress memorials were filed remon- strating against the seating of Mr. Scott; December 5, 1899, appeared, qualified and took his seat, without objection; sub- sequently other memorials were filed and a resolution was in- troduced declaring him not entitled to a seat; the Committee on Privileges and Elections was directed to investigate the election, and reported, March 20, 1900, with a resolution de- claring Mr. Scott duly elected and entitled to retain the seat; this resolution was agreed to April 27, 1900, by a vote of 52 to 3. 2 Formed from the territory of the Republic of Hawaii, an- nexed to the United States by Act of July 7, 1898; granted a territorial government, with right of Delegate representation in Congress, by Act of April 30, 1900. 3 Took his seat, after the Investigation of charges preferred against him as to eligibility, December 15, 1900. FIFTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1901, to MARCH 3, 1903. FIRST SESSION December 2, 1901, to July 1, 1902. SECOND SESSION December 1, 1902, to March 3, 1903. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1901, to March 9, 1901. VICE PRESIDENT Theodore Roosevelt, 1 of New York. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE William P. Frye, 2 of Maine. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Charles G. Ben- nett, of New York. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE David B. Henderson, of Iowa. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Alexander McDowell, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. John T. Morgan, Selma. Edmund W. Pettus, Selma. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Taylor, Demopolis. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. Ariosto A. Wiley, Montgomery. John L. Burnett, 3 Gadsden. Henry D. Clayton, Eufaula. William Richardson, Huntsyille. Sydney J. Bowie, Anniston. Oscar W r . Underwood, Birmingham. Charles W. Thompson, Tuskegee. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. James K. Jones, Washington. James H. Berry, Bentonville. REPRESENTATIVES. Philip D. McCulloch, Marianna. Charles C. Reid, Clarksville. John S. Little, Greenwood. Hugh A. Dinsmore, Fayetteville. Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. Stephen Brundidge, jr., Searcy. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. George C. Perkins, Oakland. Thomas R. Bard, Hueneme. REPRESENTATIVES. Frank L. Coombs, Napa. Eugene F. Loud, San Francisco. Samuel D. Woods, Stockton. James McLachlan, Pasadena. Victor H. Metcalf, Oakland. James C. Needham, Modesto. Julius Kahn, San Francisco. COLORADO. SENATORS. Henry M. Teller, Central City. Thomas M. Patterson, Denver. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Shafroth, Denver. John C. Bell, Montrose. i Became President by the death of William McKinley Sep- 2 Elected March 7, 1901. teraber 14, 1901. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by N. B. Spears. 380 FIFTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orville H. Platt, Meriden. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. 381 Edward S. Henry, Rockville. Nehemiah D. Sperry, New Haven. Charles A. Russell, 1 Killingly. Frank B. Brandegee, 2 New London. Ebenezer J. Hill, Norwalk. DELAWARE. SENATORS. J. Frank Allee, 3 Dover. Lewis H. Ball, 4 Faulkland. REPRESENTATIVE . Lewis H. Ball, 5 Faulkland. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Stephen R. Mallory, Pensacola. James P. Taliaferro, Jacksonville. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen M. Sparkman, Tampa. Robert W. Davia, Palatka. GEORGIA. Augustus O. Bacon, Macon. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Rufus E. Lester, Savannah. James M. Griggs, Dawson. Elijah B. Lewis, Montezuma. William C. Adamson, Carrollton. Leonidas F. Livingston, Kings. Charles L. Bartlett, Macon. Alexander S. Clay, Marietta. John W. Maddox, Rome. William M. Howard, Lexington. Parish C. Tate, Jasper. William H. Fleming, Augusta. William G. Brantley, Brunswick. IDAHO. SENATORS. Henry Heitfeld, Lewiston. Fred T. Dubois, Blackfoot. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas L. Glenn, Montpelier. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. REPRESENTATIVES. James R. Mann, Chicago. John J. Feely, Chicago. George P. Foster, Chicago. James McAndrews, Chicago. William F. Mahoney, Chicago. Henry S. Boutell, Chicago. George E. Foss, Chicago. Albert J. Hopkins, Aurora. Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. George W. Prince, Galesburg. Walter Reeves, Streator. William E. Mason, Chicago. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. Vespasian Warner, Clinton. Joseph V. Graff, Peoria. J. Ross Mickey, Macomb. Thomas J. Selby, Hardin. Benjamin F. Caldwell, Chatham. Thomas M. Jett, Hillsboro. Joseph B. Crowley, Robinson. James R. Williams, Carmi. Frederick J. Kern, Belleville. George W. Smith, Murphysboro. Died October 3, 1902. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles A . Russell , and took his seat March 7, 1901. 3 Elected for term commencing March 4, 1901, and took his seat March 3, 1903; vacancy from March, 4. 1901. to March 2, 1903. < Elected for the term commencing March 4, 1899, and took his seat March 3, 1903; vacancy from March 4, 1899, to March 2, 1903. 6 Resigned March 3, 1903, having been elected United States Senator. 382 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. INDIANA. SENATORS. Charles W. Fairbanks, Indianapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Hemenway, Boonville. Robert W. Miers, Bloomington. William T. Zenor, Corydon. Francis M. Griffith, Veyay. Elias S. Holliday, Brazil. James E. Watson, Rushville. Jesse Overstreet, Indianapolis. IOWA. SENATORS. William B. Allison, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Hedge, Burlington. John N. W. Rumple, 2 Marengo. David B. Henderson, Dubuque. Gilbert N. Haugen, North wood. Robert G. Cousins, Tipton. John F. Lacey, Oskaloosa. William A. Harris, Linwood. KANSAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Curtis, Topeka. Justin De Witt Bowersock, Lawrence. Alfred M. Jackson, Winfield. James M. Miller, Council Grove. William J. Deboe, Marion. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles K. Wheeler, Paducah. Henry D. Allen, Morganfield. J. McKenzie Moss, 3 Bowling Green. John S. Rhea. 4 Russellville. David H. Smith, Hodgensville. Harvey S. Irwin, Louisville. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Samuel D. McEnery, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Adolph Meyer, New Orleans. Robert C. Davey, New Orleans. Robert F. Broussard, New Iberia. Albert J. Beveridge, Indianapolis. George W. Cromer, Muncie. Charles B. Landis, Delphi. Edgar D. Crumpacker, Valparaiso. George W. Steele, Marion. James M. Robinson, Fort Wayne. Abraham L. Brick, South Bend. Jonathan P. Dolliver, 1 Fort Dodge. John A. T. Hull, Des Moines. William P. Hepburn, Clarinda. Walter I. Smith, Council Bluffs. James P. Conner, Denison. Lot Thomas, Storm Lake. Joseph R. Burton, Abilene. William A. Calderhead, Marysville. William A. Reeder, Logan. Chester I. Long, Medicine Lodge. Charles F. Scott, lola. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. Daniel L. Gooch, Covington. South Trimble, Frankfort. George G. Gilbert, Shelbyville. James N. Kehoe, Maysville. James B. White, Irvine. Vincent Boreing, London. Murphy J. Foster, Franklin. Phanor Breazeale, Natchitoch.es. Joseph E. Ransdell, Lake Providence. Samuel M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Amos L. Allen, Alfred. Charles E. Littlefield, Rockland. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Edwin C. Burleigh, Augusta. Llewellyn Powers, 5 Houlton. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John H. Gear in preceding Congress, and took his seat March 4, 1902. 2 Died January 31, 1903. 3 Served until March 25, 1902; succeeded by John S. Rnea, who contested his election. 4 Successfully contested the election of McKenzie Moss, and took his seat March 25, 1902. j Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles A. Boutelle in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 2, 1901. FIFTY-SEVENTH CONGEESS. 383 MARYLAND. SENATORS. George L. Wellington, Cumberland. Louis E. McComas, Williamsport. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Jackson, Salisbury. Albert A. Blakeney, Franklin ville. Frank C. Wachter, Baltimore. Charles R. Schirm, Baltimore. Sydney E. Mudd, La Plata. George A. Pearre, Cumberland. MASSACHUSETTS. George F. Hoar, Worcester. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George P. Lawrence, North Adams. Frederick H. Gillett, Springfield. John R. Thayer, Worcester. Charles Q. Tirrell, Natick. * William S. Knox, Lawrence. William H. Moody, 1 Haverhill. Augustus P. Gardner, 2 Hamilton. Henry Cabot Lodge, Nahant. Ernest W. Roberts, Chelsea. Samuel W. McCall, Winchester. Joseph A. Conry, Boston. Henry F. Naphen, Boston. Samuel L. Powers, Newton. William C. Levering, Taunton. William S. Greene, Fall River. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. James McMillan, 3 Detroit. Russell A. Alger, 4 Detroit. REPRESENTATIVES. John B. Corliss, Detroit. Henry C. Smith, Adrian. Washington Gardner, Albion. Edward L. Hamilton, Niles. William Alden Smith, Grand Rapids. Samuel W. Smith, Pontiac. Edgar Weeks, Mount Clemens. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. Joseph W. Fordney, Saginaw. Roswell P. Bishop, Ludington. Rosseau O. Crump, 5 West Bay City. Henry H. Aplin. 6 West Bay City. Archibald B. Darragh, St. Louis. Carlos D. Shelden, Hough ton. MINNESOTA. Knute Nelson, Alexandria. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Tawney, Winona. James T. McCleary, Mankato. Joel P. Heatwole, Northfield. Frederick C. Stevens. St. Paul. Moses E. Clapp, St. Paul. Loren Fletcher, Minneapolis. Page Morris, Duluth. Frank M. Eddy, Gleawood. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Hernando D. Money, Carrollton. REPRESENTATIVES. Ezekiel S. Candler, jr., Corinth. Thomas Spight, Ripley. Patrick Henry, Vicksburg. Andrew F. Fox, West Point. Anselm J. McLaurin, Brandon. John Sharp Williams, Yazoo. Frank A. McLain, Gloster. Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. 1 Resigned May 1, 1902. to become Secretary ol the Navy. Millan, and took his seat January 26, 1903; subsequently 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation 01 William H. elected. Moody and took his seat 3 Died August 10, 1902. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death o! James Mc- ' Died May 1, 1901. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Rosseau O. Crump, and took his seat December 2, 1901. 384 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. MISSOURI. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. James T. Lloyd, Shelbyville. William W. Rucker, Keytesville. John Dougherty, Liberty. Charles F. Cochran, St. Joseph. William S. Cowherd, Kansas City. David A. De Arniond, Butler. James Cooney, Marshall. Dorsey W. Shackleford, Jefferson City. MONTANA. George G. Vest, Sweet Springs. Champ Clark, Bowling Green. Richard Bartholdt, St. Louis. Charles F. Joy, St. Louis. James J. Butler, 1 St. Louis. George C. R. Wagoner, 2 St. Louis. Edward Robb, Perryville. William D. Vandiver, Cape Girardeau. Maecenas E. Benton, Neosho. William A. Clark, Butte. SENATORS. Paris Gibson, Great Falls. REPRE S E NTATI VE . Caldwell Edwards, Bozeman. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Charles H. Dietrich, 3 Hastings. Elmer J. Burkett, Lincoln. David H. Mercer, Omaha. John S. Robinson, Madison. REPRESENTATIVES. NEVADA. Joseph H. Millard, Omaha. William L. Stark, Aurora. Ashton C. Shallenberger, Alma. William Neville, North Platte. SENATORS.. John P. Jones, Gold Hill. William M. Stewart, Carson City. REPRESENTATIVE. Francis G. Newlands, Reno. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. Henry E. Burnham, Manchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Frank D. Currier, Canaan. Cyrus A. Sulloway, Manchester. NEW JERSEY. William J. Sewell, 4 Camden. John F. Dry den, 5 Newark. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES . Henry C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. John J. Gardner, Atlantic City. Benjamin F. Howell, New Brunswick. Joshua S. Salmon, 6 Boon ton. De Witt C. Flanagan, 7 Morristown. John Kean, Elizabeth. James F. Stewart, Paterson. Richard W. Parker, Newark. Allan L. McDermott, Jersey City. Charles N. Fowler, Elizabeth. Election contested by William M. Horton; on June 28, 1902, resolution adopted declaring no valid election and seat vacant; credentials presented of a subsequent election, and took his seat December 1, 1902: served until February 26. 1903; succeeded by George C. R. Wagoner, who contested this election. 2 Successfully contested the election of James J. Butler, and took his seat February 26, 1903. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Monroe L. Hayward in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 2, 1901. Died December 27, 1902. 5 Elected to fill vacancycaused by death of William J. Sewell, and took his seat February 4, 1902. e Died May 6, 1902. 7 Elected to fill vacancycaused by death of Joshua S. Salmon, and took his seat January 5, 1903. FIFTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 385 NEW YORK. SENATORS. Thomas C. Platt, Owego. REPRESENTATIVES. Frederick Storm, Bayside. John J. Fitzgerald, Brooklyn. Henry Bristow, Brooklyn. Harry A. Hanbury, Brooklyn. Frank E. Wilson, Brooklyn. George H. Lindsay, Brooklyn. Nicholas Mueller, 1 New York. Montague Lessler, 2 New York. Thomas J. Creamer, New York. Henry M. Goldfogle, New York. Amos J. Cummings, 3 New York. Edward Swann, 4 New York. William Sulzer, New York. George B. McClellan, New York. Oliver H. P. Belmont, New York. William H. Douglas, New York. Jacob Ruppert, jr., New York. Cornelius A. Pugsley, Peekskill. Arthur S. Tompkins, Nyack. Chauncey M. Depew, Peekskill. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. William H. Draper, Troy. George N. Southwick, Albany. John K. Stewart, Amsterdam. Lucius N. Littauer, Gloversville. Louis W. Emerson, Warrensburg. Charles L. Knapp, 5 Lowville. James S. Sherman, Utica. George W. Ray, 6 Norwich. John W. Dwight, 7 Dryden. Michael E. Driscoll, Syracuse. Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. Charles W. Gillet, Addison. James W. Wadsworth, Geneseo. James B. Perkins, Rochester. William H. Ryan, Buffalo. De Alva S. Alexander, Buffalo. Edward B. Vreeland, Salamanca. NORTH CAROLINA. Jeter C. Pritchard, Marshall. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Small, Washington. Claude Kitchin, Scotland Neck. Charles R. Thomas, 8 New Bern. Edward W. Pou, Smithfield. William W. Kitchin, Roxboro. Furnifold McL. Simmons, Raleigh. John D. Bellamy, Wilmington. Theodore F. Kluttz, Salisbury. Edmond S. Blackburn, Wilkesboro. James M. Moody, 9 Waynesville. NORTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Henry C. Hansbrough, Devils Lake. Porter J. McCumber, Wahpeton. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas F. Marshall, Oakes. OHIO. SENATORS. Joseph B. Foraker, Cincinnati. REPRESENTATIVES. William B. Shattuc, Madisonville. Jacob H. Bromwell, Cincinnati. Robert M. Nevin, Dayton. Robert B. Gordon, St. Marys. John S. Snook, Paulding. Charles Q. Hildebrant, Wilmington. Thomas B. Kyle, Troy. William R. Warnock, Urbana. James H. Southard, Toledo. Stephen Morgan, Oak Hill. Charles H. Grosvenor, Athens. Marcus A. Hanna, Cleveland. Emmett Tompkins, 10 Columbus. James A. Norton, Tiffin. William W. Skiles, Shelby. Henry C. Van Voorhis, Zanesville. Joseph J. Gill, Steubenville. John W. Cassingham, Coshocton. Robert W. Tayler, Lisbon. Charles Dick, Akron. Jacob A. Beidler, Willoughby. Theodore E. Burton, Cleveland. ' Resigned December 1, 1902. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Nicholas Mueller, and took h's seat January 15, 1902. * Died May 2, 1902. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Amos J. Cum- mings, and took his seat December 2, 1902. & Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Albert, D. Shaw, In preceding Congress, and took his seat December 2, 1901. fi034B S. Doc. 654, 61-2 25 Resigned September 11, 1902. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George \V. Ray, and took his seat December 1, 1902. s Election unsuccessfully contested by John E. Fowler. s Died February 5, 1903. "> Election unsuccessfully contested by John J , Lentz. 386 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. OREGON. SENATORS. Joseph Simon, Portland. John H. Mitchell, Portland. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Tongue, 1 Hillsboro. Malcolm A. Moody, The Dalles. PENNSYLVANIA. SENATORS. Boise Penrose, Philadelphia. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Robert Adams, jr., Philadelphia. Henry Burk, Philadelphia. James R. Young, Philadelphia. Edward DeV. Morrell, Torresdale. Thomas S. Butler, West Chester. Irving P. Wanger, Norristown. Howard Mutchler, Easton. Henry D. Green, Reading. Marriott Brosius, 2 Lancaster. Henry B. Cassel, 3 Marietta. William Connell, Scranton. Henry W. Palmer, Wilkes-Barre. George R. Patterson, Ashland. Marlin E. Olmsted, Harrisburg. Charles F. \Vright, Susquehanna. Matthew S. Quay, Beaver. Elias Deemer, Williamsport. Rufus K. Polk, 4 Danville. Alexander Billmeyer, 5 Washing ton ville. Thaddeus M. Mahon, Chambersburg. Robert J. Lewis, York. Alvin Evans, Ebensburg. Summers M. Jack, Indiana. John Dalzell, Pittsburgh. William H. Graham, Allegheny. Ernest F. Acheson, Washington. Joseph B. Showalter, Butler. Arthur L. Bates, Meadville. Joseph C. Sibley, Franklin. James K. P. Hall, 6 Ridgway. Galusha A. Grow, Glenwood. Robert H. Foerderer, Philadelphia. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. George P. Wetmore, Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Melville Bull, Middletown. Adin B. Capron, Stillwater. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Benjamin R. Tillman, Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. William Elliott, Beaufort. William J. Talbert, Parksville. Asbury C. Latimer, Belton. Joseph T. Johnson, Spartanburg. John L. McLaurin, Marlboro County. David E. Finley, Yorkville. Robert B. Scarborough, Con way. J. William Stokes, 7 Orangeburg. Asbury F. Lever, 8 Lexington. SOUTH DAKOTA. James H. Kyle, 9 Aberdeen. Alfred B. Kittredge, 10 Sioux Falls. Charles H. Burke, Pierre. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William B. Bate, Nashville. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Walter P. Brownlow, Jonesboro. Henry R. Gibson, Knox ville. John A . Moon, Chattanooga. Charles E. Snodgrass, Crossville. James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. Robert J. Gamble, Yankton. Eben W. Martin, Deaclwood. Edward W. Carmack, Memphis. John W. Gaines, Nashville. Lemuel P. Padgett, Columbia. Thetus W. Sims, Linden. Rice A. Pierce, Union City. Malcolm R. Patterson, Memphis. 1 Died January 11 1903. 2 Died March 10, 1901. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death oflMarriott Brosius, and took his seat December 2, 190i. " Died March 5, 1902. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Rufus K. Polk, and took his seat December 1, 1902. Resigned December 1, 1902. 7 Died July 6, 1901. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of J. William Stokes, and took his seat December 2, 1901. Died July 1, 1901. 10 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of James IT. Kyle, and took his seat December 1, 1902; subsequently elected. FIFTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 387 Charles A. Culberson, Dallas. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas H. Ball, Huntsville. Sam B. Cooper, Beaumont. Reese C. De Graff enreid, 1 Longview. Gordon Russell, 2 Tyler. John L. Sheppard, 3 Texarkana. Morris Sheppard, 4 Texarkana. Choice B. Randell, Sherman. Robert E. Burke, 5 Dallas. UTAH. Joseph W. Bailey, Gainesville. Dudley G. Wooten, 6 Dallas. Robert L. Henry, Waco. Samuel W. T. Lanham, Weatherford. Albert S. Burleso'n, Austin. George F. Burgess, Gonzales. Rudolph Kleberg, Cuero. James L. Slayden, San Antonio. John H. Stephens, Vernon. SENATORS. Joseph L. Rawlins, Salt Lake City. Thomas Kearns, Salt Lake City. REPRESENTATIVE. George Sutherland, Salt Lake City. VERMONT. SENATORS. Redfield Proctor, Proctor. William P. Dillingham, Montpelier. REPRESENTATIVES. David J. Foster, Burlington. Kittredge Haskins, Brattleboro. VIRGINIA. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Jones, Warsaw. Harry L. Maynard, Portsmouth. John Lamb, Richmond. Francis R. Lassiter, Petersburg. Claude A. Swanson, Chatham. Peter J. Otey, 7 Lynchburg. Thomas S. Martin, Scottsville. Carter Glass, 8 Lynchburg. James Hay, Madison. John F. Rixey, Brandy. William F. Rhea, 9 Bristol. Henry D. Flood, Appomattox. WASHINGTON. SENATORS. George Turner, Spokane. Addison G. Foster, Tacoma. REPRESENTATIVES. Wesley L. Jones, North Yakima. Francis W. Cushman, Tacoma. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Stephen B. Elkins, Elkins. Nathan B. Scott, Wheeling. REPRE SENTATI VE S . Blackburn B. Dovener, Wheeling. Alston G. Dayton, Philippi. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. John C. Spooner, Madison. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Cooper, Racine. Herman B. Dahle, Mount Horeb. Joseph W. Babcock,. Necedah. Theobold Otjen, Milwaukee. Samuel S. Barney, West Bend. Joseph II. Gaines, Charleston. James A. Hughes, Iluntington. Joseph V. Quarles, Milwaukee. James H. Davidson, Oshkosh. John J. Esch, La Crosse. Edward S. Minor, Sturgeon Bay. Webster E. Brown, Rhmelander. John James Jenkins, Chippewa Falls. 1 Died October 11, 1902. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Reese C. De Graf- fenreid, and took his seat December 2, 1902. Died August 30, 1902. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John L. Shep- pard. and took his seat December 1, 1902. <> Died June 5, 1901. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Robert E. Burke, and took his seat December 2, 1901. 7 Died May 4, 1902. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Peter J. Otey, and took his seat December 1, 1902. Election unsuccessfully contested by James A. Walker. 388 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. WYOMING. SENATORS. Francis E. Warren, Cheyenne. Clarence D. Clark, Evanston. REPRESENTATIVE. Frank W. Mondell, Newcastle. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Marcus A. Smith, Tucson. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Bernard S. Rodey, Albuquerque. TERRITORY OF OKLAHOMA. * DELEGATE. Dennis T. Flynn, Guthrie. TERRITORY OF HAWAII. DELEGATE. Robert W. Wilcox, Honolulu. PORTO RICO. 1 RESIDENT COMMISSIONER. Federico Degetau, San Juan. i Part of the territory ceded to the United States by Spain by treaty of Paris of December 10, 1898; granted a civil govern- ment, and the right to be represented in Congress by a commissioner with limited powers, by act of April 12, 1900. FIFTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1903, TO MARCH 3, 1905. FIRST SESSION November 9, 1903, to December 7, 1903. SECOND SESSION December 7, 1903, to May 7, 1904. THIRD SESSION December 5, 1904, to March 2, 1905. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 5, 1903, to March 19, 1903. VICE PRESIDENT, 1 P. Frye, of Maine. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE William Charles G. Bennett, of New York. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Joseph G. Cannon, of Illinois. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Alexander McDowell, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. John T. Morgan, Selma. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Taylor, Demopolis. Ariosto A. Wiley, Montgomery. Henry D. Clayton, Eufaula. Sydney J. Bowie, Anniston. Charles W. Thompson, 2 Tuskegee. James T. Heflin, 3 Lafayette. Edmund W. Pettas, Selma. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. John L. B. Burnett, Gadsden. William Richardson, Huntsville. Oscar W. Underwood, Birmingham. ARKANSAS. James H. Berry, Bentonville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. R. Bruce Macon, Helena. Stephen Brundidge, jr , Searcy. Hugh A. Dinsmore, Fayetteville. John S. Little, Greenwood. James P. Clarke, Little Rock. Charles C. Reid, Clarskville. Joseph T. Robinson, Lonoke. R. Minor Wallace, Magnolia. CALIFORNIA. George C. Perkins, Oakland. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James N. Gillett, Eureka. Theodore A. Bell, Napa. Victor H. Metcalf, 4 Oakland. Joseph R. Knowland, 5 Alameda. Edward J. Livernash, 6 San Francisco. Thomas R. Bard, Hueneme. William J. Wynn, San Francisco. James C. Needham, Modesto. James McLachlan, Pasadena. Milton J. Daniels, Riverside. iVice President Theodore Roosevelt became President by the death of William McKinley in preceding Congress. 2 Died March 20, 1904. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles W. Thompson, anl took his seat December 5, 1904. 4 Resigned July 1, 1904, to become Secretary of Commerce and Labor. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Victor H. Metcalf, and took his seat December 5, 1904. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by Julius Kahn. 389 390 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. COLORADO. SENATORS. Henry M. Teller, Central City. Thomas M. Patterson, Denver. REPRESENTATIVES. John F. Shafroth, 1 Denver. Herschel M. Hogg, Telluride. Robert W. Bonynge, 2 Denver. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orville H. Platt, Meriden. Franklin E. Brooks, Colorado Springs. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. REPRESENTATIVES. George L. Lilley, Waterbury. Frank B. Brandegee, New London. Edward S. Henry, Rockville. Ebenezer J. Hill, Norwalk. Nehemiah D. Sperry, New Haven. DELAWARE. SENATORS. J. Frank Allee, Dover. Lewis H. Ball, Faulkland. REPRESENTATIVE . Henry A. Houston, Millsboro. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Stephen R. Mallory, Pensacola. James P. Taliaferro, Jacksonville. REPRESENTATIVES. William B. Lamar, Tallahassee. GEORGIA. SENATORS. Stephen M. Sparkman, Tampa. Robert W. Davis, Palatka. Augustus O. Bacon, Macon. Rufus E. Lester, Savannah. James M. Griggs, Dawson. Elijah B. Lewis, Montezuma. William C. Adamson, Carrollton. Leonidas F. Livingston, Covington. Charles L. Bartlett, Macon. REPRESENTATIVES. Alexander S. Clay, Marietta. John W. Maddox, Rome. William M. Howard, Lexington. Farish Carter Tate, Jasper. Thomas W. Hardwick, Sandersville. William G. Brantley, Brunswick. Fred. T. Dubois, Blackfoot. IDAHO. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE . Weldon B. Heyburn, Wallace. Burton L. French, Moscow. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. Martin Emerich, Chicago. James R. Mann, Chicago. William W. Wilson, Chicago. George P. Foster, Chicago. James McAndrews, Chicago. William Lorimer, 3 Chicago. Philip Knopf, Chicago. William F. Mahoney, 4 Chicago. Henry S. Boutell, Chicago. George E. Foss, Chicago. Howard M. Snapp, Joliet. Charles E. Fuller, Belvidere. Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. ILLINOIS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert J. Hopkins, Aurora. Benjamin F. Marsh, Warsaw. George W. Prince, Galesburg. Joseph V. Graff, Peoria. John A. Sterling, Bloomington. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. Vespasian Warner, Clinton. Henry T. Rainey, Carrollton. Benjamin F. Caldwell, Chatham. William A. Rodenberg, East St. Louis. Joseph B. Crowley, Robinson. James R. Williams, Carmi. George W. Smith, Murphysboro. 1 Election contested by Robert W. Bonynge; served until February 15, 1904, when he declared the conviction that con- testant was duly elected and entitled to seat held by him; contestant then seated by unanimous vote. 1 Successfully contested the election of John F. Shafroth, and took his seat February 16, 1904. 8 Election unsuccessfully contested by Allan C. Durborow. < Died Decmber 27, 1904. FIFTY-EIGHTH CONGKESS. 391 INDIANA. SENATORS. Charles W. Fairbanks, 1 Indianapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Hemenway, Booneville. Robert W. Miers, Bloomington. William T. Zenor, Corydon. Francis M. Griffith, Veyay. Elias S. Holliday, Brazil. James E. Watson, Rushville. Jesse Overstreet, Indianapolis. IOWA. SENATORS. William B. Allison, Dubuque. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas Hedge, Burlington. Martin J. Wade, Iowa City. Benjamin P. Birdsall, Clarion. Gilbert N. Haugen, North wood. Robert G. Cousins, Tipton. John F. Lacey, Oskaloosa. Joseph R. Burton, Abilene. KANSAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles F. Scott, lola. Charles Curtis, Topeka. Justin DeW. Bowersock, Lawrence. Philip P. Campbell, Pittsburg. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. REPRESENTATIVES. Ollie M. James, Marion. Augustus O. Stanley, Henderson. John S. Rhea, Russellville. David H. Smith, Hodgensville. Joseph Swagar Shirley, Louisville. D. Linn Gooch, Covington. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Samuel D. McEnery, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Adolph Meyer, New Orleans. Robert C. Davey, New Orleans. Robert F. Broussard, New Iberia. Phanor Breazeale, Natchitoches. Albert J. Beveridge, Indianapolis. George W. Cromer, Muncie. Charles B. Landis, Delphi. Edgar D. Crumpacker, Valparaiso. Frederick Landis, Logansport. James M. Robinson, Fort Wayne. Abraham L. Brick, South Bend. Jonathan P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. John A. T. Hull, Des Moines. William P. Hepburn, Clarinda. Walter I. Smith, Council Bluffs. James P. Conner, Denison. Lot Thomas, Storm Lake. Chester I. Long, Medicine Lodge. James M. Miller, Council Grove. William A. Calderhead, Marysville. William A. Reeder, Logan. Chester I. Long, 2 Medicine Lodge. Victor Murdock, 3 Wichita. James B. McCreary, Richmond. South Trimble, Frankfort. George G. Gilbert, Shelby ville. James N. Kehoe, Maysville. Frank A. Hopkins, Prestonsburg. Vincent Boreing, 4 London. W. Godfrey Hunter, 5 Burkesville. Murphy J. Foster, Franklin. Joseph E. Ransdell, Lake Providence. Samuel M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. Arsene P. Pujo, Lake Charles. MAINE. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Amos L. Allen, Alfred. Charles E. Littlefield, Rockland. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Edwin C. Burleigh, Augusta. Llewellyn Powers, Houlton. 1 Resigned March 3, 190o, having been elected Vice President. 2 Resigned March 4, 1903, having been elected Senator. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Chester I. Long, and took his seat November 9, 1903. < Died September 16, 1903. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Vincent Boreiug, and took his seat December 3, 1903. 392 CONGRESSIONAL, DIRECTORY. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Louis E. McComas, Williamsport. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Jackson, Salisbury. J. Frederick C. Talbott, Towson. Frank C. Wachter, Baltimore. Arthur Pue Gorman, Laurel. James W. Denny, Baltimore. Sydney E. Mudd, La Plata. George A. Pearre, Cumberland. MASSACHUSETTS. SENATORS. George F. Hoar, 1 Worcester. Winthrop Murray Crane, 2 Dalton. REPRESENTATIVES. George P. Lawrence, North Adams. Frederick H. Gillett, Springfield. John R. Thayer, Worcester. Charles Q.' Tirrell, Natick. Butler Ames, Lowell. Augustus P. Gardner, Hamilton. Ernest W. Roberts, Chelsea. MICHIGAN. Henry Cabot Lodge, Nahant. Samuel W. McCall, Winchester. John A. Keliher, 3 Boston. William S. McNary, Boston. John A. Sullivan, Boston. Samuel L. Powers, Newton. William S. Greene, Fall River. William C. Lovering, Taunton. SENATORS. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred Lucking, Detroit. Charles E. Townsend, Jackson. Washington Gardner, Albion. Edward L. Hamilton, Niles. William Alden Smith, Grand Rapids. Samuel W. Smith, Pontiac. MINNESOTA. Knute Nelson, Alexandria. James A. Tawney, Winona. James T. McCleary, Mankato. Charles R. Davis, St. Peter. Frederick C. Stevens, St. Paul. John Lind, Minneapolis. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Russell A. Alger, Detroit. Henry McMorran, Port Huron. Joseph W. Fordney, Saginaw. Roswell P. Bishop, Ludington. George A. Loud, Au Sable. Archibald B. Darragh, St. Louis. H. Olin Young, Ishpeming. Moses E. Clapp, St. Paul. Clarence B. Buckman, Little Falls. Andrew J. Volstead, Granite Falls. J. Adam Bede, Pine City. Halvor Steenerson, Crookston. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Hernando D. Money, Carroll ton. REPRESENTATIVES. Ezekiel S. Candler, jr., Corinth. Thomas Spight, Ripley. Benjamin G. Humphreys, Greenwood. Wilson S. Hill, Winona. MISSOURI. Anselm J. McLaurin, Brandon. Adam M. Byrd, Philadelphia. Eaton J. Bowers, Bay St. Louis. Frank A. McLain, Gloster. John Sharp Williams, Yazoo. SENATORS. Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. REPRESENTATIVES. James T. Lloyd, Shelby ville. William W. Rucker, Keytesville. John Dougherty, Liberty. Charles F. Cochran, St. Joseph. William S. Cowherd, Kansas City. David A. De Armond, Butler. Courtney W. Hamlin, Springfield. Dorsey W. Shackleford, Jefferson City. William J. Stone, Jefferson City Champ Clark, Bowling Green. Richard Bartholdt, St. Louis. John T. Hunt, St. Louis. James J. Butler, St. Louis. Edward Robb, Perry ville. Willard D. Vandiver, Cape Girardeau. Msecenas E. Benton, Neosho. Robert Lamar, Houston. 1 Died September 30, 1904. 3 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of George F. Hoar, and took his seat December 6, 1904. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by Joseph A. Conry. FIFTY-EIGHTH CONGKESS. 393 MONTANA. SENATORS. William A. Clark, Butte. Paris Gibson, Great Falls. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph M. Dixon, Missoula. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Charles H. Dietrich, Hastings. Joseph H. Millard, Omaha. REPRESENTATIVES. Elmer J. Burkett, Lincoln. Edmund I H. Hinshaw, Fairbury. Gilbert M. Hitchcock, Omaha. . John J. McCarthy, Ponca. George W. Norris, McCook. Moses P. Kinkaid, O'Neill. NEVADA. SENATORS. William M. Stewart, Carson City. Francis G. Newlands, Reno. REPRESENTATIVE. Clarence D. Van Duzer, Tonopah. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. Henry E. Burnham, Manchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Cyrus A. Sulloway, Manchester. Frank D. Currier, Canaan. NEW JERSEY. John Kean, Elizabeth. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. John J. Gardner,' Atlantic City. Benjamin F. Howell, New Brunswick. William W. Lanning, 1 Trenton. Ira W. Wood, 2 Trenton. Charles N. Fowler, Elizabeth. NEW YORK. SENATORS. Thomas C. Platt, Owego. REPRESENTATIVES. Townsend Scudder, Glen Head. George H. Lindsay, Brooklyn. Charles T. Dun well, Brooklyn. Frank E. Wilson, Brooklyn. Edward M. Bassett, Brooklyn. Robert Baker, Brooklyn. John J. Fitzgerald, Brooklyn. Timothy D. Sullivan, New York. Henry M. Goldfogle, New York. William Sulzer, New York. William R. Hearst, New York. George B. McClellan, 3 New York. W. Bourke Cockran, 4 New York. Francis B. Harrison, New York. Ira E. Rider, New York. William H. Douglas, New York. Jacob Ruppert, jr., New York. Francis E. Shober, New York. Joseph A. Goulden, Fordham. John F. Dry den, Newark. William Hughes, Paterson. R. Wayne Parker, Newark. William H. Wiley, East Orange. Allan Benny, Bayonne. Allan L. McDermott, Jersey City. Chauncey M. Depew, Peekskill. Norton P. Otis, Yonkers. Thomas W. Bradley, Walden. John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. William H. Draper, Troy. George N. South wick, Albany. George J. Smith, Kingston. Lucius N. Littauer, Gloversville. William H. Flack, Malone. James S. Sherman, Utica. Charles L. Knapp, Lowville. Michael E. Driscoll, Syracuse. John W. Dwight, Dryden. Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. James B. Perkins, Rochester. Charles W. Gillet, Addison. James W. Wadsworth, Geneseo. William H. Ryan, Buffalo. De Alva S. Alexander, Buffalo. Edward B. Vreeland, Salamanca. 1 Resigned June 6, 1904, having been appointed United States District Judge for New Jersey. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William M. Lanning, and took his seat December 5, 1904. 3 Resigned December 21, 1903, having been elected mayor of New York City. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of George B. McClellan, and took his seat March 9, 1904. 394 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Furnifold McL. Simmons, Raleigh. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Small, Washington. Claude Kitchin, Scotland Neck. Charles R. Thomas, Newbern. Edward W. Pou, Smithfield. William W. Kitchin, Roxboro. Lee S. Overman, Salisbury. Gilbert B. Patterson, Maxton. Robert N. Page, Biscoe. Theodore F. Kluttz, Salisbury. Edwin Y. Webb, Shelby. James M. Gudger, jr., 1 Asheville. NORTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Henry C. Hansbrough, Devils Lake. Porter J. McCumber, Wahpeton. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas F. Marshall, Oakes. Burleigh F. Spalding, Fargo. OHIO. SENATORS. Joseph B. Foraker, Cincinnati. REPRESENTATIVES. Nicholas Longworth, Cincinnati. Herman P. Goebel, Cincinnati. Robert M. Nevin, Dayton. Harvey C. Garber, Greenville. John S. Snook, Paulding. Charles Q. Hildebrant, Wilmington. Thomas B. Kyle, Troy. William R. Warnock, Urbana. James H. Southard, Toledo. Stephen Morgan, Oak Hill. Charles H. Grosvenor, Athens. De Witt C. Badger, Columbus. OREGON. Marcus A. Hanna, 2 Cleveland. Charles Dick. 3 Akron. Amos H. Jackson, Fremont. William W. Skiles, 4 Shelby. Amos R. Webber, 5 Elyria. Henry C. Van Voorhis, Zanesville. Joseph J. Gill, 6 Steubenville. Capell L. Weems, 7 St. Clairsville. John W. Cassingham, Coshocton. James Kennedy, Youngstown. Charles Dick, 8 Akron. William Aubrey Thomas, 9 Niles. Jacob A. Beidler, Willoughby. Theodore E. Burton, Cleveland. SENATORS. John H. Mitchell, Portland. Charles W. Fulton, Astoria. REPRESENTATIVES. Binger Hermann, 10 Roseburg. John N. Williamson, Prineville. PENNSYLVANIA. Boies Penrose, Philadelphia. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Robert Adams, jr., Philadelphia. Henry Burk, 13 Philadelphia. George A. Castor, 14 Philadelphia. Robert W. Foerderer, 15 Philadelphia. Reuben O. Moon, 16 Philadelphia. Edward de V. Morrell, Torresdale. George D. McCreary, Philadelphia. Thomas S. Butler, West Chester. Matthew S. Quay, 11 Beaver. Philander C. Knox, 12 Pittsburgh. Irving P. Wanger, Norristown. H. Burd Cassel, Marietta. George Howell, 17 Scranton. William Connell, 18 Scranton. Henry W. Palmer, Wilkes-Barre. George R. Patterson, Ashland. Marcus C. L. Kline, Allentown. Charles F. Wright, Susquehanna. Elias Deemer, Williamsport. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by James M. Moody. 2 Died February 15, 1904. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Marcus A. Hanna, and took his seat March 23, 1904. 4 Died January 9, 1904. 5 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William W. Skiles, and took his seat December 5, 1904. e Resigned October 31, 1903. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph J. Gill, and took his seat November 9, 1903. 8 Resigned March 23, 1904, having been elected United States Senator. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles Dick, and took his seat December 5, 1904. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas H. Tongue in preceding Congress, and took his seat November 9, 1903. 1 Died May 28, 1904. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Matthew S. Quay, and took his seat January 25, 1905. 3 Died December 5, 1903. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of Henry B irk, and took his seat February 29, 1904. 5 Died July 20, 1903. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Robert H. Foerderer, and took his seat November 9, 1903. 17 Served until February 10, 1904; succeeded by William Connell, who contested his election. 18 Successfully contested the election of George Howell, and took his seat February 10, 1904. FIFTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 395 Charles H. Dickerman, Milton. Thaddeus M. Mahon, Chambersburg. Marlin E. Olmsted, Harrisburg. Alvin Evans, Ebensburg. Daniel F. Lafean, York. Solomon R. Dresser, Bradford. George F. Huff, Greensburg. Allen F. Cooper, Uniontown. Ernest F. Acheson, Washington. Arthur L. Bates, Meadville, Joseph H. Shull, Stroudsburg. William O. Smith, Punxsutawney. Joseph C. Sibley, Franklin. George Shiras, 3d, Allegheny. John Dalzell, Pittsburgh. H. Kirk Porter, Pittsburgh. James W. Brown, Pittsburgh. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. George P. Wetmore, Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel L. D. Granger, Providence. Adin B. Capron, Stillwater. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Benjamin R. Tillman, Trenton. Asbury C. Latimer, Belton. REPRESENTATIVES. George S. Legare, Charleston. George W. Croft, 1 Aiken. Theodore G. Croft, 2 Aiken. Wyatt Aiken, Abbeville. Joseph T. Johnson, Spartanburg. David E. Finley, Yorkville. Robert B. Scarborough, Conway. Asbury F. Lever, 3 Lexington. SOUTH DAKOTA. Robert J. Gamble, Yankton. Charles H. Burke, Pierre. William B. Bate, Nashville. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Walter P. Brownlow, Jonesboro. Henry R. Gibson, Knoxville. John A. Moon, Chattanooga. Morgan C. Fitzpa trick, Hartsville. James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. Charles A. Culberson, Dallas. TEXAS. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Morris Sheppard, Texarkana. Sam Bronson Cooper, Beaumont. Gordon Russell, Tyler. Choice B. Randell, Sherman. Jack Beall, Waxahachie. Scott Field, Calvert. Alexander W. Greg^, Palestine. Thomas H. Ball, 5 Huntsville. John M. Pinckney, 6 Hempstead. Alfred B. Kittredge, Sioux Falls. Eben W. Martin, Dead wood. Edward W. Carmack, Memphis. John W. Gaines, Nashville. Lemuel P. Padgett, Columbia. Thetus W. Sims, 4 Linden. Rice A. Pierce, Union City. Malcom R. Patterson, Memphis. Joseph W. Bailey, Gainesville. George F. Burgess, Gonzales. Albert S. Burleson, Austin. Robert L. Henry, Waco. Oscar W. Gillespie, Fort Worth. John H. Stephens, Vernon. James L. Slayden, San Antonio. John N. Garner, Uvalde. William R. Smith, Colorado. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by F. M. Davis. 6 Resigned November 16, 1903. 1 Died March 9, 1904. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George W. Croft, - ivcoigucu. j.-.v/v^.^wi iu , Ji7 vu. and took his seat December 5. 1904. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas H. s Election unsuccessfully contested by Alexander D. Dantz- Ball, and took his seat Decemter 7, 1903. ler. 396 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. UTAH. SENATORS. Thomas Reams, Salt Lake City. Reed Smoot, Prove City. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph Howell, Logan. VERMONT. SENATORS. Redfield Proctor, Proctor. William P. Dillingham, Montpelier. REPRESENTATIVES. David J. Foster, Burlington. Kittredge Haskins, Brattleboro. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. Thomas S. Martin, Scottsville. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Jones, Warsaw. Carter Glass, Lynchburg. Harry L. Maynard, Portsmouth. James Hay, Madison. John Lamb, Richmond. John F. Rixey, Brandy. Robert G. Southall, Amelia. Campbell Slemp, Bis Stone Gap. Claude A. Swanson, Chatham. Henry D. Flood, Appomattox. WASHINGTON. SENATORS. Addison G. Foster, Tacoma. Levi Ankeny, Walla Walla. REPRESENTATIVES. Wesley L. Jones, North Yakima. William E. Humphrey, Seattle. Francis W. Cushman, Tacoma. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Stephen B. Elkins, Elkins. Nathan B. Scott, Wheeling. REPRESENTATIVES. Blackburn B. Dovener, Wheeling. Harry C. Woodyard, Spencer. Alston G. Dayton, Philippi. James A. Hughes, Huntington. Joseph H. Gaines, Charleston. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. John C. Spooner, Madison. Joseph V. Quarles, Milwaukee. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Cooper, Racine. John J. Esch, La Crosse. Henry C. Adams, Madison. James H. Davidson, Oshkosh. Joseph W. Babcock, Necedah. Edward S. Minor, Sturgeon Bay. Theobold Otjen, Milwaukee. Webster E. Brown, Rhinelander. William H. Stafford, Milwaukee. John J. Jenkins, Chippewa Falls. Charles H. Weisse, Sheboygan Falls. FIFTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 397 WYOMING. SENATORS. Francis E. Warren, Cheyenne. Clarence D. Clark, Evanston. REPRESENTATIVE. Frank W. Mondell, Newcastle. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. John F. Wilson, Prescott. TERRITORY OF HAWAII. DELEGATE. Jonah K. Kalanianaole, Waikiki. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. Bernard S. Rodey, Albuquerque. TERRITORY OF OKLAHOMA. DELEGATE. Bird S. McGuire, 1 Pawnee. PORTO RICO. RESIDENT COMMISSIONER. FedericQ Degetau, San Juan. 1 Election unsuccessfully contested by William M. Cross. FIFTY-NINTH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1905, TO MARCH 3, 1907. FIRST SESSION December 4, 1905, to June 30, 1906. SECOND SESSION December 3, 1906, to March 3, 1907. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1905 to March 18, 1905. VICE-PRESIDENT Charles W. Fairbanks, of Indiana. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE William P. Frye, of Maine. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Charles G. Bennett, of New York. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Joseph G. Cannon, of Illinois. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Alexander McDowell, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. John T. Morgan, Selma. Edmund W. Pettus, Selma. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Taylor, Demopolis. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. Ariosto A. Wiley, Montgomery. John L. B. Burnett, Gadsden. Henry D. Clayton, Eufaula. William Richardson, Huntsyille. Sydney J. Bowie, Anniston. Oscar W. Underwood, Birmingham. James T. Heflin, Lafayette. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. James H. Berry, Bentonville. James P. Clarke, Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Macon, Helena. .Charles C. Reid, Morrillton. Stephen Brundidge, jr., Searcy. Joseph T. Robinson, Lonoke. John C. Floyd, Yellville. Robert M. Wallace, Magnolia. John S. Little, 1 Greenwood. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. George C. Perkins, Oakland. Frank P. Flint, Los Angeles. REPRESENTATIVES. James N. Gillett, 2 Eureka. Everis A. Hayes, San Jose. William F. Englebright, 3 Nevada City. James C. Needham, Modesto. Duncan E. McKinlay, Santa Rosa. James McLachlan, Pasadena. Joseph R. Knowland, Alameda. Sylvester C. Smith, Bakersfield. Julius Kahn, San Francisco. COLORADO. SENATORS. Henry M. Teller, Central City. Thomas M. Patterson, Denver. REPRESENTATIVES. Franklin E. Brooks, Colorado Springs. Herschel M. Hogg, Telluride. Robert W. Bonynge, Denver. i Resigned to take effect January 14, 1907, having been Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James N. elected Governor. Gillett, and took his seat January 3, 1907. ! Resigned November 4, 1906, having been elected Governor. FIFTY-NINTH CONGKESS. 399 CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Orville H. Platt, 1 Meriden. Frank B. Brandegee, 2 New London. REPRESENTATIVES. George L. Lilley, Waterbury. E. Stevens Henry, Rockville. Nehemiah D. Sperry, New Haven. DELAWARE. Morgan G. Bulkeley, Hartford. Frank B. Brandegee, 3 New London. Edwin W. Higgins, 4 Norwich. Ebenezer J. Hill, Norwalk. J. Frank Alice, Dover. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVE. Hiram R. Burton, Lewes. FLORIDA. Henry A. du Pont, 5 Winterthur. SENATORS. Stephen R. Mallory, Pensacola. James P. Taliaferro, Jacksonville. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen M. Sparkman, Tampa. William B. Lamar, Monticello. Frank Clark, Lake City. GEORGIA. Alexander S. Clay, Marietta. Charles L. Bartlett, Macon. Gordon Lee, Chickamauga. William M. Howard, Lexington. Thomas M. Bell, Gainesville. Thomas W. Hard wick, Sandersville . William G. Brantley, Brunswick. SENATORS. Augustus O. Bacon, Macon. REPRESENTATIVES. Rufus E. Lester, 6 Savannah. James W. Oyerstreet, 7 Sylvania. James M . Griggs, Dawson . Elijah B. Lewis, Montezuma. William C. Adamson, Carrollton. Leonidas F. Livingston, Covington. IDAHO. SENATORS. Fred. T. Dubois, Blackfoot. Weldon B. Heyburn, Wallace. REPRESENTATIVE. Burton L. French, Moscow. ILLINOIS. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. Martin B. Madden, Chicago. James R. Mann, Chicago. William W. Wilaoii, Chicago. Charles S. Wharton, Chicago. Anthony Michalek, 8 Chicago. William Lorimer, Chicago. Philip Knopf, Chicago. Charles McGavin, Chicago. Henry S. Boutell, Chicago. George E. Foss, Chicago. Howard M. Sriapp, Joliet. Charles E. Fuller, Belvidere. Robert R. Hitt, 9 Mount Morris. Frank 0. Lowden, 10 Oregon. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert J. Hopkins, Aurora. Benjamin F. Marsh, 11 Warsaw. James McKinney, 12 Aledo. George W. Prince, Galesburg. Joseph V. Graff, Peoria. John A. Sterling, Bloomington. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. William B. McKinley, Champaign. Henry T. Rainey, Carrollton. Zeno J. Rives, Litchfield. William A. Rodenberg, East St. Louis. Frank S. Dickson, Ramsey. Pleasant T. Chapman, Vienna. George W. Smith, Murphysboro. ' Died April 21, 1905. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Orville H. Platt, and took his seat December 5, 1905. 3 Resigned May 9, 1905, having been elected Senator. < Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Frank B. Brandegee, and took his seat December 4, 1905. Elected to fill vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1905, and took his seat December 3, 190. Bennett, Greenup. Frank A. Hopkins, Prestonsburg. Don C. Edwards, London. SENATORS. Samuel D. McEnery, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Adolph Meyer, New Orleans. Robert C. Davey, New Orleans. Robert F. Broussard, New Iberia. John T. Watkins, Minden. MAINE. Murphy J. Foster, Franklin. Joseph E. Ransdell, Lake Providence. Samuel M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. Arsene P. Pujo, Lake Charles. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Amos L. Allen, Alfred. Charles E. Littlefield, Rockland. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Edwin C. Burleigh, Augusta. Llewellyn Powers, Houlton. 1 Resigned March 18, 1905, having been elected United States Senator. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James A. Hemenway, and took his seat December 4, 1905. 3 Resigned November C, 1906, having been appointed judge In the Philippine Islands. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Nevrton W. Gilbert, and took his seat December 3, 1906. 5 Resigned June 4, 1906. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph R. Burton, and took his seat June 14, 190G. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph R. Burton, and took his seat January 29, 1907. 8 Resigned January 28, 1907, having been elected Senator. FIFTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 401 MARYLAND. SENATORS. Arthur Pue Gorman, 1 Laurel. William Pinkney Whyte, 2 Baltimore. Isidor Rayner, Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas A. Smith, Ridgely. J. Frederick C. Talbott, Towson. Frank C. Wachter, Baltimore. John Gill, jr., Baltimore. Sydney E. Mudd, La Plata. George A. Pearre, Cumberland. MASSACHUSETTS. W. Murray Crane, Dalton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George P. Lawrence, North Adams. Frederick H. Gillett, Springfield. Rockwood Hoar, 3 Worcester. Charles G. Washburn, 4 Worcester. Charles Q. Tirrell, Natick. Butler Ames, Lowell. Augustus P. Gardner, Hamilton. Ernest W. Roberts, Chelsea. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. Edwin Denby, Detroit. Charles E. Townsend, Jackson. Washington Gardner, Albion. Edward L. Hamilton, Niles. William Alden Smith, 7 Grand Rapids. Samuel W. Smith, Pontiac. Henry McMorran, Port Huron. Knute Nelson, Alexandria. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Tawney, Winona. James T. McCleary, Mankato. Charles R. Davis, St. Peter. Frederick C. Stevens, St. Paul. Loren Fletcher, Minneapolis. Henry Cabot Lodge, Nahant. Samuel W. McCall, Winchester. John A. Keliher, Boston. William S. McNary, Boston. John A. Sullivan, Boston. John W. Weeks, Newton. William S. Greene, Fall River. William C. Lovering, Taunton. Russell A. Alger, 5 Detroit. t William Alden Smith, 6 Grand Rapida. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph W. Fordney, Saginaw. Roswell P. Bishop, Ludington. George A. Loud, Au Sable. Archibald B. Darragh, St. Louia. H. Olin Young, Ishpeming. Mosea E. Clapp, St. Paul. Clarence B. Buckman, Little Falla. Andrew J. Volstead, Granite Falla. J. Adam Bede, Pine City. Halvor Steenerson, Crookston. MISSISSIPPI. SENATORS. Hernando D. Money, Carroll ton. Ezekiel S. Candler, jr., Corinth. Thomas Spight, Ripley. Benjamin G. Humphreys, Greenville. Wilson S. Hill, Winona. Anselm J. McLaurin, Brandon. REPRESENTATIVES. Adam M. Byrd, Philadelphia. Eaton J. Bowers, Bay St. Louis. Frank A. McLain, Gloster. John Sharp Williams, Yazoo. 1 Died June 4, 1906. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Arthur Pue Gorman, and took his seat June 11, 1906. 3 Died November 1, 1906. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Rockwood Hoar, and took his seat January 3, 1907. 5 Died January 24, 1907. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Russell A. Alger, and took his seat February 11, 1907. 7 Resigned to take effect February 9, 1907, having been elected Senator. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2- -26 402 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. MISSOURI. SENATORS. William J. Stone, Jefferson City. William Warner, Kansas City. REPRESENTATrVES. James T. Lloyd, Shelbyville. William W. Rucker, Keytesville. Frank B. Klepper, Kingston. Frank B. Fulkerson, St. Joseph. Edgar C. Ellis, Kansas City. David A. De Armond, Butler. John Welborn, Lexington. Dorsey W. Shacklefprd, Jefferson City. Champ Clark, Bowling Green. Richard Bartholdt, St. Louis. John T. Hunt, St. Louis. Ernest E. Wood, 1 St. Louis. Harry M. Coudrey, 2 St. Louis. Marion E. Rhodes, Potosi. William T. Tyndall, Sparta. Cassius M. Shartel, Neosho. Arthur P. Murphy, Rolla. MONTANA. SENATORS. William A. Clark, Butte. Thomas H. Carter, Helena. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph M. Dixon, Missoula. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Joseph H. Millard, Omaha. Elmer J. Burkett, Lincoln. REPRESENTATIVES. Ernest M. Pollard, 3 Nehawka. John L. Kennedy, Omaha. John J. McCarthy, Ponca. Edmund H. Hinshaw, Fairbury. George W. Norris, McCook. Moses P. Kinkaid, O'Neill. NEVADA. SENATORS. Francis G. Newlands, Reno. George S. Nixon, Winnemucca. REPRESENTATIVE. Clarence D. Van Duzer, Tonopah. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. Henry E. Burnham, Manchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Cyrus A. Sulloway, Manchester. Frank D. Currier, Canaan. NEW JERSEY. John Kean, Elizabeth. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. John J. Gardner, Atlantic City. Benjamin F. Howell, New Brunswick. Ira W. Wood, Trenton. Charles N. Fowler, Elizabeth. John F. Dryden, Newark. Henry C. Allen, Little Falls. R. Wayne Parker, Newark. William H. Wiley, East Orange. Marshall Van Winkle, Jersey City. Allan L. McDermott, Jersey City. > Served until June 23. 1906; succeeded by Harry M. Coudrey, s Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Elmer J. who contested his election. Burkett, and took his seat December 4, 1905. 2 Successfully contested the election of Ernest E. Wood, and took his seat June 23, 1906. FIFTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 403 NEW YORK. SENATORS. Thomas C. Platt, Owego. William W. Cocks, Westbury. George H. Lindsay, Brooklyn. Charles T. Dunwell, Brooklyn. Charles B. Law, Brooklyn. George E. Waldo, Flatbush. William M. Calder, Brooklyn. John J. Fitzgerald, Brooklyn. Timothy D. Sullivan, 1 New York. Daniel J. Riordan, 2 New York. Henry M. Goldfogle, New York. William Sulzer, New York. William R. Hearst, New York. W. Bourke Cockran, New York. Herbert Parsons, New York. Charles A. Towne, New York. J. Van Vechten Olcott, New York. Jacob Ruppert, jr., New York. William S. Bennet, New York. Joseph A. Goulden, Fordham. Chauncey M. Depew, Peekskill. REPRESENTATIVES. John E. Andrus, Yonkers. Thomas W 7 . Bradley, Walden. John H. Ketcham,* Dover Plains. William H. Draper, Troy. George N. Southwick, Albany. Frank J. Le Fevre, New Paltz. Lucius N. Littauer, Gloversville. William H. Flack, 4 Malone. James S. Sherman, Utica. Charles L. Knapp, Lowville. Michael E. Driscoll, Syracuse. John W. Dwight, Dryden. Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. James B. Perkins, Rochester. J. Sloat Fassett, Elmira. James W. Wadsworth, Geneseo. William H. Ryan, Buffalo. De Alva S. Alexander, Buffalo. Edward B. Vreeland, Salamanca. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Furnifold McL. Simmons, Raleigh. Lee S. Overman, Salisbury. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Small, Washington. Claude Kitchin, Scotland Neck. Charles R. Thomas, Newbern. Edward W. Pou, Smithfield. William W. Kitchin, Roxboro. Gilbert B. Patterson, Maxton. Robert N. Page, Biscoe. E. Spencer Blackburn, Wilkesboro. Edwin Y. Webb, Shelby. James M. Gudger, jr., Asheville. NORTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Henry C. Hansbrough, Devils Lake. Porter J. McCumber, Wahpeton. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas F. Marshall, Oakes. Asle J. Gronna, Lakota. OHIO. SENATORS. Joseph B. Foraker, Cincinnati. Nicholas Longworth, Cincinnati. Herman P. Goebel, Cincinnati. Robert M. Nevin, Dayton. Harvey C. Garber, Greenville. William W. Campbell, Napoleon. Thomas E. Scroggy, Xenia. J. Warren Keifer, Springfield. Ralph D. Cole, Findlay. James H. Southard, Toledo. Henry T. Bannon, Portsmouth. Charles H. Grosvenor, Athens. Charles Dick. Akron. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward L. Taylor, jr., Columbus. Grant E. Mouser, Marion. Amos R. Webber, Elyria. Beman G. Dawes, Marietta. Capell L. Weems, St. Clairsville. Martin L. Smyser, W r ooster. James Kennedy, Youngstown. W. Aubrey Thomas, Niles. Jacob A. Beidler, Willoughby. Theodore E. Burton, Cleveland. 1 Resigned July 27, 1906. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Timothy D. Sullivan, and took his seat December 3, 1906, 3 Died November 5, 1906. < Died February 2, 1907. 404 CONGRESSIONAL, DIEECTOEY. OREGON. SENATORS. John H. Mitchell, 1 Portland. John M. Gearin, 2 Portland. Frederick W. Mulkey, 3 Portland. Charles W. Fulton, Astoria. REPRESENTATIVES. Binger Hermann, Roseburg. John N. Williamson. Prineville. PENNSYLVANIA. Boise Penrose, Philadelphia. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. Robert Adams, 4 Philadelphia. John E. Reyburn, 5 Philadelphia. George A. Castor, 6 Philadelphia. J. Hampton Moore, 7 Philadelphia. Reuben O. Moon, Philadelphia. Edward de V. Morrell, Torresdale. George D. McCreary, Philadelphia. Thomas S. Butler, West Chester. Irvine P. Wanger, Norristown. H. Burd Cassef, Marietta. Thomas H. Dale, Scran ton. Henry W. Palmer, Wilkes-Barre. George R. Patterson, 8 Ashland. Charles N. Brumm, 9 Pottsville. Marcus C. L. Kline, Allen town. Mial E. Lilley, Towanda. Elias Deemer, Williamsport. Philander C. Knox, Pittsburgh. Edmund W. Samuel, Mount Carmel. Thaddeus M. Mahon, Chambersburg. Marlin E. Olmsted, Harrisburg. John M. Reynolds, Bedford. Daniel F. Lafean, York. Solomon R. Dresser, Bradford. George F. Huff, Greensburg. Allen F. Cooper, Uniontown. Ernest F. Acneson, Washington. Arthur L. Bates, Meadville. Gustav A. Schneebeli, Nazareth. William 0. Smith, Punxsutawney. Joseph C. Sibley, Franklin. William H. Graham, Allegheny. John Dalzell, Pittsburgh. James F. Burke, Pittsburgh. Andrew J. Barchfeld, Pittsburgh. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. George P. Wetmore, Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel L. D. Granger, Providence. Adin B. Capron, Stillwater. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Benjamin R. Tillman, Trenton. Asbury C. Latimer, Belton. REPRESENTATIVES. George S. Legare, 10 Charleston. James O. Patterson, 11 Barnwell. Wyatt Aiken, Abbeville. Joseph T. Johnson, Spartanburg. David E. Finley, Yorkville. J. Edwin Ellerbe, Marion. Asbury F. Lever, 12 Lexington. SOUTH DAKOTA. Robert J. Gamble, Yankton. Charles H. Burke, Pierre. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Alfred B. Kittredge, Sioux Falls. Eben W. Martin, Deadwood. i Died December 8, 1905. * Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of John H. Mitchell, and took his seat December 21, 1905. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John H. Mitch- ell, and took his seat January 30, 1907. < Died June 1,1 906. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Robert Adams, and took his seat December 3, 1906. Died February 19, 1906. I Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George A. Cas- tor, and took his seat December 3, 1906. Died March 21, 1906. 9 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George R. Pat- terson, and took his seat December 3. 1906. 10 Election unsuccessfully contested by Aaron P. Prioleau. II Election unsuccessfully contested by Isaac Myers. Election unsuccessfully contested by Charles C. Jacobs. FIFTY-NINTH CONGEESS. 405 TENNESSEE. SENATORS. William B. Bate, 1 Nashville. James B. Frazier, 2 Chattanooga. REPRESENTATIVES. Walter P. Brownlow, Jonesboro. Nathan W. Hale, Knoxville. John A. Moon, Chattanooga. Mounce G. Butler, Gainesboro. William C. Houston, Woodbury. TEXAS. SENATORS. Charles A. Culberson, Dallas. REPRESENTATIVES. Morris Sheppard, Texarkana. Moses L. Broocks, 4 San Augustine. Gordon Russell, Tyler. Choice B. Randell, Sherman. Jack Beall, Waxahachie. Scott Field, Calvert. Alexander W. Gregg, Palestine. John M. Pinckney, 5 Hempstead. John M. Moore, 6 Richmond. UTAH. SENATORS. Reed Smoot, Provo City. Edward W. Carmack, Memphis. John W. Gaines, Nashville. Lemuel P. Padgett, Columbia. Thetus W. Sims, Linden. Finis J. Garrett, Dresden. Malcolm R. Patterson, 3 Memphis. Joseph W. Bailey, Gainesville. George F. Burgess, Gonzales. Albert S. Burleson, Austin. Robert L. Henry, Waco. Oscar W. Gillespie, Fort Worth. John H. Stephens, Vernon. James L. Slayden, San Antonio. John N. Garner, Uvalde. William R. Smith, Colorado. George Sutherland, Salt Lake City. REPRESENTATIVE . Joseph Howell, Logan. VERMONT. SENATORS. Redfield Proctor, Proctor. William P. Dillingham, Waterbury. REPRESENTATIVES. David J. Foster, Burlington. Kittredge Haskins, Brattleboro. VIRGINIA. SENATORS. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. Thomas S. Martin, Charlottesville. REPRESENTATIVES. William A. Jones, Warsaw. Carter Glass, Lynchburg. Harry L. Maynard, Portsmouth. James Hay, Madison. John Lamb, Richmond. John F. Rixey, 9 Brandy. Robert G. Southall, Amelia. Campbell Slemp, Big Stone Gap. Claude A. Swanson, 7 Chatham. Henry D. Flood, Appomattox. E. Watts Saunders, 8 Clark Hill. WASHINGTON. SENATORS. Levi Ankeny, Walla Walla. Samuel H. Piles, Seattle. REPRESENTATIVES. Wesley L. Jones, North Yakima. Francis W. Cushman, Tacoma. William E. Humphrey, Seattle. > Died March 9, 1905. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William B. Bate, and took his seat December 4, 1905. 3 Resigned November 5. 1906, having been elected Governor. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by A. J. Houston. '> Died April 24, 1905. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John M. Pinck- ney, and took his seat December 4, 1905. 7 Resigned to take effect January 30, 1906, having been elected Governor. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Claude A. Swanson, and took his seat December 3, 1906. Died February 8, 1907. 406 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. WEST VIRGINIA. SENATORS. Stephen B. Elkins, Elkins. REPRESENTATIVES. Blackburn B. Dovener, Wheeling. Alston G. Dayton, 1 Philippi. Thomas B. Davis, 2 Keyser. John C. Spooner, Madison. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Cooper, Racine. Henry C. Adams, 3 Madison. John M. Nelson, 4 Madison. Joseph W- Babcock, Necedah. Theobold Otjen, Milwaukee. William H. Stafford, Milwaukee. Nathan B. Scott, Wheeling. Joseph Holt Gaines, Charleston. Harry C. Woodyard, Spencer. James A. Hughes, Huntington. Robert M. La Follette, Madison. Charles H. Weisse, Sheboygan Falls. John J. Esch, La Crosse. James H. Davidson, Oshkosh. Edward S. Minor, Sturgeon Bay. Webster E. Brown, Rhinelander. John J. Jenkins, Chippewa Falls. WYOMING. SENATORS. Francis E. Warren, Cheyenne. Clarence D. Clark, Evanston. REPRESENTATIVE. Frank W. Mondell, Newcastle. TERRITORY OF ALASKA. 5 DELEGATE. Frank H. Waskey, 6 Nome. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Marcus A. Smith, Tucson. TERRITORY OF HAWAII. DELEGATE. Jonah K. Kalanianaole, 7 Waikiki. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. DELEGATE. William H. Andrews, Albuquerque. TERRITORY OF OKLAHOMA. DELEGATE. Bird S. McGuire, Pawnee. PORTO RICO. RESIDENT COMMISSIONER. Tulio Larrinaga, San Juan. 1 Resigned March 16, 1905, having been appointed United States district judge. 5 Formed from territory ceded to the United States by Rus- sia by treaty of March 30, 1867; granted a civil government 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Alston G. without representation in Congress, by act o: : May 17,18K4; Dayton, and took his seat December 4, 1905. s Died July 9, 1906. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry C. Adams and took his seat December 3, 1906. granted the right to Delegate representat:on n Congress, bv Act of May 8, 1906. s Took his seat December 3, 1906. ' Election unsuccessfully contested by Curtis P. laokea. SIXTIETH CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1907, TO MARCH 3, 1909. FIRST SESSION December 2, 1907, to May 30, 1908. SECOND SESSION December 7, 1908, to March 3, 1909. VICE-PEE SIDENT Charles W. Fairbanks, of Indiana. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE William P. Frye, 1 of Maine. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Charles G. Bennett, of New York. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Joseph G. Cannon, of Illinois. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Alexander McDowell, of Pennsylvania. John T. Morgan, 2 Selma. John H. Bankhead, 3 Fayette. George W. Taylor, Demopolis. Ariosto A. Wiley, 6 Montgomery. Oliver C. Wiley, 7 Troy. Henry D. Clayton, Eufaula. William B. Craig, Selma. ALABAMA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. James P. Clarke, Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert 3. Macon, Helena. Stephen Brundidge, jr., Searcy. John C. Floyd, Yellville. William B. Cravens, Fort Smith. Edmund W. Pettus, 4 Selma. Joseph F. Johnston, 5 Birmingham. James T. Heflin, Lafayette. Richmond P. Hobson, Greensboro. John L. Burnett, Gadsden. William Richardson, Huntsville. Oscar W. Underwood, Birmingham. Jeff Davis, Little Rock. Charles C. Reid, Morrillton. Joseph T. Robinson, Lonoke. Robert M. Wallace, Magnolia. CALIFORNIA. George C. Perkins, Oakland. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William F. Englebright, Nevada City. Duncan E. McKinlay, Santa Rosa. Joseph R. Knowland, Alameda. Julius Kahn, San Francisco. COLORADO. Frank P. Flint, Los Angeles. Everis A. Hayes, San Jose. James C. Needham, Modesto. James McLachlan, Pasadena. Sylvester C. Smith, Bakersfield. SENATORS. . Henry M. Teller, Central City. Simon Guggenheim, Denver. REPRESENTATIVES. George W. Cook, Denver. Warren A. Haggott, Idaho Springs. Robert W. Bonynge, Denver. i Elected December 5, 1907. Died June 11, 1907. 3 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of John T. Mor- gan, and took his seat January 13, 1908; subsequently elected. < Died July 27, 1907. 6 Elected to nil vacancy caused by death of Edmund W. Pettus, and took his seat December 3, 1907. Died June 17, 1908. i Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Ariosto A. Wiley, and took his seat December 7, 1908. 407 408 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Morgan G. Bulkeley, Hartford. Frank B. Brandegee, New London. REPRESENTATIVES. George L. Lilley, 1 Waterbury. Edwin W. Higgins, Norwich. E. Stevens Henry, Rockville. Nehemiah D. Sperry, New Haven. Ebenezer J. Hill, Norwalk. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Henry A. du Pont, Winterthur. Harry A. Richardson, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE . Hiram R. Burton, Lewes. FLORIDA. SENATORS. Stephen R. Mallory, 2 Pensacpla. William J. Bryan, 3 Jacksonville. William H. Milton, 4 Marianna. REPRESENTATIVES. Stephen M. Sparkman, Tampa. Frank Clark, Gainesville. Augustus O. Bacon, Macon. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles G. Edwards, Savannah. James M. Griggs, Dawson. Elijah B. Lewis, Montezuma. William C. Adamson, Carrollton. Leonidas F. Livingston, Covington. Charles L. Bartlett, Macon. James P. Taliaferro, Jacksonville. William B. Lamar, Monticello. Alexander S. Clay, Marietta. Gordon Lee, Chickamauga. William M. Howard, Lexington. Thomas M. Bell, Gainesville. Thomas W. Hardwick, Sandersville. William G. Brantley, Brunswick. IDAHO. SENATORS. Weldon B. Heyburn, Wallace. William E. Borah, Boise. REPRESENTATIVE. Burton L. French, Moscow. ILLINOIS. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. Martin B. Madden, Chicago. James R. Mann, Chicago. William W. Wilson, Chicago. James T. McDermott, Chicago. Adolph J. Sabath, 5 Chicago. William Lorimer, Chicago. Philip Knopf, Chicago. Charles McGavin, 6 Chicago. Henry S. Boutell, Chicago. George E. FOBS, Chicago. Howard M. Snapp, Joliet. Charles E. Fuller, Belvidere. Frank O. Lowden, Oregon. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert J. Hopkins, Aurora. James McKinney, Aledo. George W. Prince, Galesburg. Joseph V. Graff, Peoria. John A. Sterling, Bloomington. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. William B. McKinley, Champaign. Henry T. Rainey, Carrollton. Benjamin F. Caldwell, Chatham. William A. Rodenberg, East St. Louis. Martin D. Foster, Olney. Pleasant T. Chapman, Vienna. George W. Smith, 7 Murphysboro. Napoleon B. Thistlewood, 8 Cairo. 1 By resolution of January 20, 1909, seat was declared to have been vacated January 6, 1909, lor the reason that incumbent had entered upon the duties of the office of governor of Con- necticut the preceding day. Died December 23, 1907. 3 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Stephen R. Mallory, and took his seat January 9, 1908; died March 22, 1908. 4 Appointed to fill vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1903, caused by deaths of Stephen R. Mallory and William J. Bryan, and took his seat April 6, 1908. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by Anthony Michalek. * Election unsuccessfully contested by Stanley H. Kunz. 7 Died November 30, 1907. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George W. Smith, and took his seat February 26, 1908. SIXTIETH CONGRESS. 409 INDIANA. SENATORS. Albert J. Beveridge, Indianapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Foster, Evansville. John C. Chaney, Sullivan. William E. Cox, Jasper. Lincoln Dixon, North Vernon. Elias S. Holliday, Brazil. James E. Watson, Rushville. Jesse Overstreet, Indianapolis. IOWA. James A. Hemenway, Boonville. John A. M. Adair, Portland. Charles B. Landis, Delphi. Edgar D. Crumpacker, Valparaiso. George W. Ranch, Marion. Clarence C. Gilhams, La Grange. Albraham L. Brick, 1 South Bend. Henry A. Barnhart, 2 Rochester. SENATORS. William B. Allison, 3 Dubuque. Albert B. Cummins, 4 Des Moines. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles A. Kennedy, Montrose. Albert F. Dawson, Preston. Benjamin P. Birdsall, Clarion. Gilbert N. Haugen, North wood. Robert G. Cousins, Tipton. Daniel W. Hamilton, Sigourney. KANSAS. Jonathan P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. John A. T. Hull, Des Moines. William P. Hepburn, Clarinda. Walter I. Smith, Council Bluffs. James P. Conner, Denison. Elbert H. Hubbard, Sioux City. SENATORS. Chester I. Long, Medicine Lodge. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel R. Anthony, 5 jr., Leaven worth. Charles F. Scott, lola. Philip P. Campbell, Pittsburg. James M. Miller, Council Grove. KENTUCKY. Charles Curtis, Topeka. William A. Calderhead, Marysville. William A. Reeder, Logan. Edmond H. Madison, Dodge City. Victor Murdock, Wichita. SENATORS. James B. McCreary, Richmond. REPRESENTATIVES. Ollie M. James, Marion. Augustus 0. Stanley, Henderson. Addison D. James, Penrod. Ben Johnson, Bardstown. Swagar Sherley, Louisville. Joseph L. Rhinock, Covington. LOUISIANA. SENATORS. Samuel D. McEnery, New Orleans. REPRESENTATIVES. Adolph Meyer, 6 New Orleans. Albert Estopinal, 7 St. Bernard. Robert C. Davey, 8 New Orleans. Robert F. Broussard, New Iberia. MAINE. SENATORS. Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. REPRESENTATIVES. Amos L. Allen, Alfred. Charles E. Littlefield, 9 Rockland. John P. Swasey, 10 Canton. Thomas H. Paynter, Greenup. William P. Kimball, Lexington. Harvey Helm, Stanford. Joseph B. Bennett, Greenup. John W. Langley, Spurlock. Don C. Edwards, London. Murphy J. Foster, Franklin. John T. Watkins, Mindeu. Joseph E. Ransdell, Lake Providence. George K. Fayrot, Baton Rouge. Arsene P. Pujo, Lake Charles. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Edwin C. Burleigh, Augusta. Llewellyn Powers, 11 Houlton. Frank E. Guernsey, 12 Dover. 1 Died April 7, 1908. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Abraham L. Brick, and took his seat December 7, 1908. 3 Died August 4, 1908. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William B. Allison, and took his seat December 8, 1908. Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles Curtis, in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 2, 1907. Died March 8, 1908. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Adolph Meyer and took his seat December 7, 1908. 8 Died December 26, 1908. Resigned, to take effect September 30, 1908. w Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles E. Littlefield, and took his seat December 7, 1908. 11 Died July 28, 1908. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Llewellyn Powers, and took his seat December 7, 1908. 410 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MARYLAND. SENATORS. Isidor Rayner, Baltimore. REPRESENTATIVES. William H. Jackson, Salisbury. J. Frederick 0. Talbott, Towson. Harry B. Wolf, Baltimore. William Pinkney Why te, 1 Baltimore. John Walter Smith, 2 Snow Hill. John Gill, jr., Baltimore. Sydney E. Mudd, La Plata. George A. Pearre, Cumberland MASSACHUSETTS. Henry Cabot Lodge, Nahant. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George P. Lawrence, North Adams. Frederick H. Gillett, Springfield. Charles G. Washburn, Worcester. Charles Q. Tirrell, Natick. Butler Ames, Lowell. Augustus P. Gardner, Hamilton. Ernest W. Roberts, Chelsea. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. Edwin Denby, Detroit. Charles E. Townsend, Jackson. Washington Gardner, Albion. Edward L. Hamilton, Niles. Gerrit J. Diekema, 3 Holland. Samuel W. Smith, Pontiac. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. W. Murray Crane, Daltcm. Samuel W. McCall, Winchester. John A. Keliher, Boston. Joseph F. O 'Council, Boston. Andrew J. Peters, Boston. John W. Weeks, Newton. William S. Greene, Fall Paver. William C. Lovering, Taunton. William Alden Smith, Grand Rapida Henry McMorran, Port Huron. Joseph W. Fordney, Saginaw. James C. McLaughlin, Muskegon. George A. Loud, Au Sable. Archibald B. Darragh, St. Louis. H. Olin Young, Ishpeming. MINNESOTA. Knute Nelson, Alexandria. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Tawney, Winona. Winfield S. Hammond, St. James. Charles R. Davis, St. Peter. Frederick C. Stevens, St. Paul. Frank M. Nye, Minneapolis. MISSISSIPPI. Moses E. Clapp, St. Paul. Charles A. Lindbergh, Little Falls. Andrew J. Volstead, Granite Falls. J. Adam Bede, Pine City. Halvor Steenerson, Crookston. SENATORS. Hernando D. Money, Mississippi City. REPRESENTATIVES. Ezekiel S. Candler, jr., Corinth. Thomas Spight, Ripley. Benjamin G. Humphreys, Greenville. Wilson S. Hill, Winona. MISSOURI. Anselm J. McLaurin, Brandon. Adam M. Byrd, Philadelphia. Eaton J. Bowers, Bay St. Louis. Frank A. McLain, Gloster. John Sharp Williams, Yazoo. SENATORS. William J. Stone, Jefferson City. REPRESENTATIVES. James T. Lloyd, Shelby ville. William W. Rucker, Key tes ville. Joshua W. Alexander, Gallatin. Charles F. Bpoher, Savannah. Edgar C. Ellis, Kansas City. David A. De Armond, Butler. Courtney W. Hamlin, Springfield. Dorsey W. Shackleford, Jefferson City. William Warner, Kansas City. Champ Clark, Bowling Green. Richard Bartholdt, St. Louis. Henry S. Caulfield, St. Louis. Harry M. Coudrey, St. Louis. Madison R. Smith, Farmington. Joseph J. Russell, Charleston. Thomas Hackney, Carthage. Robert Lamar, Houston. 1 Died March 17, 1908. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Pinkney Whyte, and took his seat March 26, 1908. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Alden Smith, hi preceding Congress, and took his seat Decem- ber 2, 1907. SIXTIETH CONGRESS. 411 MONTANA. SENATORS. Thomas H. Carter, Helena. Joseph M. Dixon, Missoula. REPRESENTATIVE. Charles N. Pray, Fort Benton. . NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Elmer J. Burkett, Lincoln. Norria Brown, Kearney. REPRESENTATIVES. Ernest M. Pollard, Nehawka. Edmund H. Hinshaw, Fairbury. Gilbert M. Hitchcock, Omaha. GeorgeJW^ Nqrris, McCook. John F. Boyd, Neligh. Moses P. Kinkaid, O'Neil. NEVADA. SENATORS. Francis G. Newlands, Reno. George S. Nixon, Reno. REPRESENTATIVE. George A. Bartlett, Tonopah. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. Henry E. Burnham, Manchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Cyrus A. Sulloway, Manchester. Frank D. Currier, Canaan. NEW JERSEY. John Kean, Elizabeth. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES'. Henry C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. John J. Gardner, Atlantic City. Benjamin F. Howell, New Brunswick. Ira W. Wood, Trenton. Charles N. Fowler, Elizabeth. Thomas C. Platt, Owego. NEW YORK. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Cocks, Westbury. George H. Lindsay, Brooklyn. Charles T. Dunwell, 1 Brooklyn. Otto G. Foelker, 2 Brooklyn. Charles B. Law, Brooklyn. George E. Waldo, Brooklyn. William M. Calder, Brooklyn. John J. Fitzgerald, Brooklyn. Daniel J. Riordan, New York. Henry M. Goldfogle, New York. William Sulzer, New York. Charles V. Fornes, New York. W. Bourke Cochran, New York. Herbert Parsons, New York. William Willett, jr., Far Rockaway. J. Van Vechten Olcott, New York. Francis B. Harrison, New York. William S. Bennet, New York. Joseph A. Goulden, Fordham. Frank 0. Briggs, Trenton. William Hughes, Paterson. Richard Wayne Parker, Newark. Le Gage Pratt, East Orange. Eugene W. Leake, Jersey City. James A. Hamill, Jersey City. Chauncey M. Depew, Peekskill. John E. Andrus, Yonkers. Thomas W. Bradley, Walden. Samuel McMillan, Lake Mahopac. William H. Draper, Troy. George N. Southwick, Albany. George W. Fairchild, Oneonta. Cyrus Durey, Johnstown. George R. Malby, Ogdensburg. James S. Sherman, Utica. Charles L. Knapp, Lowville. Michael E. Driscoll, Syracuse. John W. Dwight, Dryden. Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. James B. Perkins, Rochester. J. Sloat Fassett, Elmira. Peter A. Porter, Niagara Falls. William H. Ryan, Buffalo. De Alva S. Alexander, Buffalo. Edward B. Vreeland, Salamanca. Died June 12, 1908. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles T. Dun- well, and took his seat December 7, 1908. 412 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Furnifold McL. Simmons, Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Small, Washington. Claude Kitchin, Scotland Neck. Charles R. Thomas, Newbern. Edward W. Pou, Smithfield. William W. Kitchin, 1 Roxboro. Lee S. Overman, Salisbury. Hannibal L. Godwin, Dunn. Robert N. Page, Biscoe. Richard N. Hackett, Wilkesboro. Edwin Y. Webb, Shelby. William T. Crawford, Waynesville. NORTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Henry C. Hansbrough, Devils Lake. Porter J. McCumber, Wahpeton. REPRESENTATIVES. Thomas F. Marshall, Oakes. Asle J. Gronna, Lakota. OHIO. SENATORS. Joseph B. Foraker, Cincinnati. REPRESENTATIVES. Nicholas Longworth, Cincinnati. Herman P. Goebel, Cincinnati. J. Eugene Harding, Excello. William E. Tou Velle, Celina. Timothy T. Ansberry, Defiance. Matthew R. Denver, Wilmington. J. Warren Keifer, Springfield. Ralph D. Cole, Findlay. Isaac R. Sherwood, Toledo. Henry T. Bannon, Portsmouth. Albert Douglas, Chillicothe. OKLAHOMA. 2 Thomas P. Gore, 3 Lawton. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. 5 Bird S. McGuire, Pawnee. Elmer L. Fulton, Oklahoma City. James S. Davenport, Vinita. Charles W. Fulton, Astoria. Willis C. Hawley, Salem. OREGON. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles Dick, Akron. Edward L. Taylor, jr., Columbus. Grant E. Mquser, Marion. J. Ford Laning, Norwalk. Beman G. Dawes, Marietta. Capell L. Weems, St. Clairsville. William A. Ashbrook, Johnstown. James Kennedy, Youngstown. W. Aubrey Thomas, Niles. Paul Howland, Cleveland. Theodore E. Burton, Cleveland. Robert L. Owen, 4 Muskogee. Charles D. Carter, Ardmore. Scott Ferris, Lawton. Jonathan Bourne, jr., Portland. William R. Ellis, Pendleton. PENNSYLVANIA. Boies Penrose, Philadelphia. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry H. Bingham, Philadelphia. John E. Reyburn, 6 Philadelphia. Joel Cook, 7 Philadelphia. J. Hampton Moore, Philadelphia. Reuben O. Moon, Philadelphia. William W. Foulkrod, Philadelphia. George D. McCreary, Philadelphia. Philander C. Knox, Pittsburgh. Thomas S. Butler, West Chester. Irving P. Wanger, Norristown. H. Burd Cassel, Marietta. Thomas D. Nicholls, Scranton. John T. Lenahan, Wilkes-Barre. Charles N. Brumm, 8 Minersville. John H. Rothermel, Reading. 1 Resigned, to take effect January 11, 1909, having been elected Governor. 2 Admitted as a State into the Union November 16, 1907. 8 Took his seat December 16, 1907; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3, 1909. 4 Took his seat December 16, 1907; term to expire, as deter- mined by lot, March 3. 1913. All representatives took their seats December 2, 1907. 6 Resigned March 31, 1907, having been elected mayor of Philadelphia. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John E. Reyburn, and took his seat December 2, 1907. 8 Resigned January 4, 1909. SIXTIETH CONGRESS. 413 George W. Kipp, Towanda. William B. Wilson, Blossburg. John G. McIIenry, Benton. Benjamin K. Focht, Lewisburg. Marlin E. Olmsted, Harrisburg. John M. Reynolds, Bedford. Daniel F. Lafean, York. Charles F. Barclay, Sinnemahoning. George F. Huff, Greensburg. Allen F. Cooper, Uniontown. Ernest F. Acheson, Washington. Arthur L. Bates, Meadville. J. Davis Brodhead, South Bethlehem. Joseph G. Beale, Leechburg. Nelson P. Wheeler, Endeavor. William H. Graham, Allegheny. John Dalzell, Pittsburgh. James Francis Burke, Pittsburgh. Andrew J. Barchfeld, Pittsburgh. RHODE ISLAND. SENATORS. Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. George P. Wetmore, Newport. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel L. D. Granger, 1 Providence. Adin B. Capron, Stillwater. SOUTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Benjamin R. Tillman, Trenton. REPRESENTATIVES. George S. Legare, 4 Charleston. James O. Patterson, 5 Barnwell. Wyatt Aiken, Abbeville. Joseph T. Johnson, Spartanburg. Asbury C. Latimer, 2 Bel ton. Frank B. Gary, 3 Abbeville. David E. Finley, Yorkville. J. Edwin Ellerbe, Marion. Asbury F. Lever, 6 Lexington. SOUTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Robert J. Gamble, Yankton. Alfred B. Kittredge, Sioux Falls. REPRESENTATIVES. Philo Hall, Brookings. William H. Parker/ Deadwood. TENNESSEE. SENATORS. James B. Frazier, Chattanooga. REPRESENTATIVES. Walter P. Brownlow, Jonesboro. Nathan W. Hale, Knoxville. John A. Moon, Chattanooga. Cordell Hull, Carthage. William C. Houston, Woodbury. Eben W. Martin, 8 Deadwood. Robert L. Taylor, Nashville. John W. Gaines, Nashville. Lemuel P. Padgett, Columbia. Thetus W. Sims, Linden . Finis J. Garrett, Dresden. George W. Gordon, Memphis. TEXAS. Charles A. Culberson, Dallas. Morris Sheppard, Texarkana. Sam B. Cooper, Beaumont. Gordon Russell, Tyler. Choice B. Randell, Sherman. Jack Beall, Wexahachie. Rufus Hardy, Corsicana. Alexander W. Gregg, Palestine. John M. Moore, Richmond. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Joseph W. Bailey, Gainesville. George F. Burgess, Gonzales. Albert S. Burleson, Austin. Robert L. Henry, Waco. Oscar W. Gillespie, Fort Worth. John H. Stephens, Vernon. James L. Slayden, San Antonio. John N. Garner, Uvalde. William R. Smith, Colorado. 1 Died February 14, 1909. 2 Died February 20, 1908. a Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Asbury C. Latimer, and took his seat March 16, 1908. Election unsuccessfully contested by Aaron P. Prioleati. s Election unsuccessfully contested by Isaac Myers. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by Alexander D. Dantzer. ^ Died June 26, 1908. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William H. Parker, and took his seat December 7, 1908. 414 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. UTAH. Reed Smoot, Provo City. SENATORS. George Sutherland, Salt Lake City. REPRESENTATIVE. Joseph Howell, Logan. VERMONT. SENATORS. Redfield Proctor, 1 Proctor. William P. Dillingham, Waterbury. John W. Stewart, 2 Middlebury. Carroll S. Page, 3 Hyde Park. REPRESENTATIVES. David J. Foster, Burlington. Kittredge Haskins, Brattleboro. VIRGINIA. John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. SENATORS. BEPBE8ENTATIVES. William A. Jones, Warsaw. Harry L. Maynard, Portsmouth. John Lamb, Richmond. Francis R. Lassiter, Petersburg. Edward W. Saunders, Bleak Hill. Carter Glass, Lynchburg. Thomas S. Martin, Charlottesville. James Hay, Madison. Charles C. Carlin, 4 Alexandria. Campbell B. Slemp, 5 Big Stone Gap. C. Bascom Slemp, 6 Big Stone Gap. Henry D. Flood, Appomattox. WASHINGTON. SENATORS. Levi Ankeny, Walla Walla. Samuel H. Piles, Seattle. REPRESENTATIVES. Wesley L. Jones, North Yakima. William E. Humphrey, Seattle. Francis W. Cushman, Tacoma. WEST VIRGINIA- SENATORS. Stephen B. Elkins, Elkins. Nathan B. Scott, Wheeling. REPRESENTATIVES. William P. Hubbard, Wheeling. George C. Sturgiss, Morgantown. Joseph Holt Gaines, Charleston. John C. Spooner, 7 Madison. Isaac Stephenson, 8 Marinette. WISCONSIN. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry A. Cooper, Racine. JohnM. Nelson, Madison. James W. Murphy, Platteville. William J. Gary, Milwaukee. William H. Stafford, Milwaukee. Charles H. Weisse, Sheboygan Falls. Harry C. Woodyard, Spencer. James A. Hughes, Huntington. Robert M. La Follette, Madison. John J. Esch, La Crosse. James H. Davidson, Oshkosh. Gustav Kiistermann, Green Bay. Elmer A. Morse, Antigo. John J. Jenkins, Chippewa Falls. Died March 4. 1908. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Redfield Proctor, and took his seat March 30, 1908. 3 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Redfield Proctor, and took his seat December 7, 1908. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John F. Rixey, in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 2, 1907. 6 Died October 13, 1907. Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Campbell B. Slemp, and took his seat January 6, 1908. 7 Resigned April 30, 1907. 8 Elected to nil vacancy caused by resignation of John C. Spooner, and took his seat December 2, 1907. SIXTIETH CONGRESS. 415 WYOMING. SENATORS. Francis E. Warren, Cheyenne. Clarence D. Clark, Evanston. REPRESENTATIVE . Frank W. Mondell, Newcastle. TERRITORY OP ALASKA. DELEGATE. Thomas Gale, Fairbanks. TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. DELEGATE. Marcus A. Smith, Tucson. TERRITORY OP HAWAII. DELEGATE. Jonah K. Kalanianaole, Honolulu. TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. i DELEGATE . William H. Andrews, 1 Albuquerque. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 2 RESIDENT COMMISSIONERS. Benito Legarda, Manila. Pablo Ocampo De Leon, Manila. PORTO RICO. RESIDENT COMMISSIONER. Tulio Larrinaga, San Juan. i Election unsuccessfully contested by Octavius A. Larra- 2 Part of the territory ceded to the United States by Sj>ain sola. by treaty of December 10, 1898; given Resident Commission- ers, effective November, 1907, by act of July 1, 1902. SIXTY-FIRST CONGRESS. MARCH 4, 1909, TO MARCH 3, 1911. FIRST SESSION March 15, 1909, to August 5, 1909. SECOND SESSION December 6, 1909, to June 25, 1910. THIRD SESSION December 5, 1910, to March 3, 1911. SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE March 4, 1909, to March 6, 1909. VICE-PRESIDENT James S. Sherman, of New York. SECRETARY OF THE SENATE Charles G. Bennett, of New York. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Joseph G. Cannon, of Illinois. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Alexander McDowell, of Pennsylvania. ALABAMA. SENATORS. Joseph F. Johnston, Birmingham. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. RE PRE SE NTATIVES . George W. Taylor, Demopolis. Richmond P. Hobson, Greensboro. Stanley H. Dent, jr., Montgomery. John L. Burnett, Gadsden. Henry D. Clayton, Eufaula. William Richardson, Huntsyille. William B. Craig, Selma. Oscar W. Underwood, Birmingham. James T. Heflin, Lafayette. ARKANSAS. SENATORS. James P. Clarke, Little Rock. Jeff Davis, Little Rock. REPRESENTATIVES. Robert B. Macon, Helena. Charles C. Reid, Morrillton. William A. Oldfield, Batesville. Joseph^ T. Robinson, Lonoke. John C. Floyd, Yellville. Robert M. Wallace, Magnolia. Ben Cravens, Fort Smith. CALIFORNIA. SENATORS. George C. Perkins, Oakland. Frank P. Flint, Los Angeles. REPRESENTATIVES. William F. Englebright, Nevada City. Everis A. Hayes, San Jose. Duncan E. McKinlay, Santa Rosa. James C. Needham, Modesto. Joseph R. Knowland, Alameda. James McLachlan, Pasadena. Julius Kahn, San Francisco. Sylvester C. Smith, Bakersfield. COLORADO. SENATORS. Simon Guggenheim, Denver. Charles J. Hughes, 1 Denver. REPRESENTATIVES. Edward T. Taylor, Glenwood Springs. John A. Martin, Pueblo. Atterson W. Rucker, Fort Logan. i Died January 11, 1911. 41fi SIXTY-FIRST CONGEESS. 417 CONNECTICUT. SENATORS. Morgan G. Bulkeley, Hartford. Frank B. Brandegee, New London. REPRESENTATIVES. John Q. Tilson, New Haven. Edwin W. Higgins, Norwich. E. Stevens Henry, Rockville. Ebenezer J. Hill, Norwalk. Nehemiah D. Sperry, New Haven. DELAWARE. SENATORS. Henry A. du Pont, Winterthur. Harry A. Richardson, Dover. REPRESENTATIVE. William H. Heald, Wilmington. FLORIDA. SENATORS. James P. Taliaferro, Jacksonville. Stephen M. Sparkman, Tampa. Frank Clark, Gainesville. Augustus O. Bacon, Macon. REPRESENTATIVES. GEORGIA. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Duncan U. Fletcher, Jacksonville. Dannitte H. Mays, Monticello. Alexander S. Clay, 1 Marietta. Joseph M. Terrell, 2 Greenville. Charles L. Bartlett, Macon. Gordon Lee, Chickamauga. William M. Howard, Lexington. Thomas M. Bell, Gainesville. Thomas W. Hardwick, Sandersville. William G. Brantley, Brunswick. Charles G. Edwards, Savannah. James M. Griggs, 3 Dawson. Seaborn A. Roddenbery, 4 Thomasville. Dudley M. Hughes, Danville. William C. Adamson, Carrollton. Leonidaa F. Livingston, Covington. IDAHO. SENATORS. Weldon B. Heyburn, Wallace. William E. Borah, Boise. REPRESENTATIVE. Thomas R. Hamer, St. Anthony. ILLINOIS. Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield. Martin B. Madden, Chicago. James R. Mann, Chicago. William W. Wilson, Chicago. James T. McDermott, Chicago. Adolph J. Sabath, Chicago. William Lorimer, 6 Chicago. William J. Moxley, 7 Chicago. Frederick Lundin, Chicago. Thomas Gallagher, Chicago. Henry S. Boutell, Chicago. George E. Foss, Chicago. Howard M. Snapp, Joliet. Charles E. Fuller, Belvidere. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. William Lorimer, 5 Chicago. Frank O. Lowden, Oregon. James McKinney, Aledo. George W. Prince, Galesburg. Joseph V. Graff, Peoria. John A. Sterling, Bloomington. Joseph G. Cannon, Danville. William B. McKinley, Champaign. Henry T. Rainey, Carrollton. James M. Graham, Springfield. William A. Rodenberg, East St. Louis. Martin D. Foster, Olney. Pleasant T. Chapman, Vienna. Napoleon B. Thistlewoocl, Cairo. 1 Died November 13, 1910. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Alexander S. Clay, and took his seat December 6, 1910. 3 Died January 5, 1910. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James M. Griggs, and took his seat February 28, 1910. 6 Elected to fill vacancy in the term commencing March 4, r>0346 S. Doc. C54, 61-2 27 1909, and took his seat June 18, 1909; vacancy from March 4, 1909, to May 27, 1909, caused by failure of legislature to elect; and then until June 17, 1909, because Mr. Lorimer did not resign his seat in the House until the last-named date. 6 Resigned June 7, 1909, having been elected Senator. 7 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Lorimer, and took his seat December 10, 1909. 418 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. INDIANA. SENATORS. Albert J. Beveridge, Indianapolis. REPRESENTATIVES. John W. Boehne, Evansville. William A. Cullop, Vincennes. William E. Cox, Jasper. Lincoln Dixon, North Vernon. Ralph W. Moss, Center Point. William O. Barnard, Newcastle. Charles A. Korbly, Indianapolis. IOWA. SENATORS. Jonathan P. Dolliver, 1 Fort Dodge. Lafayette Young, 2 Des Moines. REPRESENTATIVES. Charles A. Kennedy. Montrose. Albert F. Dawson, Preston. Charles E. Pickett, Waterloo. Gilbert N. Haugen, North wood. James W. Good, Cedar Rapids. Nathan E. Kendall, Albia. Benjamin F. Shively, South Bend. John A.M. Adair, Portland. Martin A. Morrison, Frankfort. Edgar D. Crumpacker, Valparaiso. George W. Rauch, Marion. Cyrus Cline, Angola. Henry A. Barnhart, Rochester. Albert B. Cummins, Des Moines. John A. T. Hull, Des Moines. William D. Jamieson, 3 Shenandoah. Walter I. Smith, Council Bluffs. Frank P. Woods, Estherville. Elbert H. Hubbard, Sioux City. KANSAS. Charles Curtis, Topeka. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Daniel R. Anthony, jr., Leavenworth. Charles F. Scott, lola. Philip P. Campbell, Pittsburg. James M. Miller, Council Grove. Joseph L. Bristow, Salina. William A. Calderhead, Marysville. William A. Reeder, Logan. Edmond II . Madison, Dodge City. Victor Murdock, Wichita. KENTUCKY. SENATORS. Thomas H. Paynter, Frankfort. REPRESENTATIVES. Ollie M. James, Marion. Augustus 0. Stanley, Henderson. Robert Y. Thomas, jr., Central City. Ben Johnson, Bardstown. Swagar Sherley, Louisville. Joseph L. Rhinock, Covington. LOUISIANA. William O. Bradley, Louisville. James C. Can trill, Georgetown. Harvey Helm, Stanford. Joseph B. Bennett, Greenup. John W. Langley, Pikeville. Don C. Edwards, London. SENATORS. Samuel D. McEnery, 4 New Orleans. John R. Thornton, 5 Alexandria. REPRESENTATIVES. Albert Estopinal, 6 Estopinal. Samuel L. Gilmore, 7 New Orleans. Henry G. Dupre, 8 New Orleans. Robert F. Broussard, New Iberia. Murphy J. Foster, Franklin. John T. W T atkins, Minden. Joseph E. Ransdell, Lake Providence. Robert C. Wickliffe, St. Francisville. Arsene P. Pujo, Lake Charles. 1 Died October 15, 1910. 2 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Jonathan P. Dolliver, and took his seat December 6, 1910. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by William P. Hepburn. < Died June 28, 1910. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Samuel D. McEnery, and took his seat December 12, 1910; subsequently lected ; vacancy from June 29, 1910, to December 6, 1910. 6 Election unsuccessfully contested by Henry 0. Warmoth. ' Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Robert C. Davey in preceding Congress, and took his seat April 22, 1909; died March 30, 1910. 8 Elected to fill vacancy in term commencing March 4, 1909, caused by deaths of Robert C. Davey and Samuel L. Gilmore, and took his seat December 12, 1910. SIXTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 419 Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. Amos L. Allen, 1 Alfred. John P. Swasey, Canton. Lsidor Rayner, Baltimore. MAINE. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. MABYLAND. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. James H. Covington, Easton. J. Frederick C. Talbott, Towson. John Kronmiller, Baltimore. William P. Frye, Lewiston. Edwin 0. Burleigh, Augusta. Frank E. Guernsey, Dover. John Walter Smith, Snow Hill. John Gill, jr., Baltimore. Sydney E. Mudd, La Plata. George A. Pearre, Cumberland. MASSACHUSETTS. Henry Cabot Lodge, Nahant. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. George P. Lawrence, North Adams. Frederick H. Gillett, Springfield. Charles G. Washburn, Worcester. Charles Q. Tirrell. 2 Natick. John J. Mitchell, 3 Marlboro. Butler Ames, Lowell. Augustus P. Gardner, Hamilton. Ernest W. Roberts, Chelsea. MICHIGAN. SENATORS. Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. REPRESENTATIVES. Edwin Denby, Detroit. Charles E. Townsend, Jackson. Washington Gardner, Albion. Edward L. Hamilton, Mies. Gerrit J. Diekema, Holland. Samuel W. Smith, Pontiac. W. Murray Crane, Dal ton. Samuel W. McCall, Winchester. John A. Keliher, Boston. Joseph F. O'Connell, 4 Boston. Andrew J. Peters, Boston. John W. Weeks, Newton. William S. Greene, Fall River. William C. Lovering, 5 Taunton. Eugene N. Foss, 6 Jamaica Plains. William Alden Smith, Grand Rapids. Henry McMorran, Port Huron. Joseph W. Fordney, Saginaw. James C. McLaughlin, Muskegon. George A. Loud, Au Sable. Francis H. Dodds, Mount Pleasant. H. Olin Young, Ishpeming. MINNESOTA. SENATORS. Knute Nelson, Alexandria. REPRESENTATIVES. James A. Tawney, Winona. Win field S. Hammond, St. James. Charles R. Davis, St. Peter Frederick C. Stevens, St. Faul. Frank M. Nye, Minneapolis. MISSISSIPPI. Moses E. Clapp, St. Paul. Charles A. Lindbergh, Little Falls. Andrew J. Volstead, Granite Falls. Clarence B. Miller, Duluth. Halvor Steenerson, Crookston. SENATORS. Hemando D. Money, Mississippi City. REPRESENTATIVES. Ezekiel S. Candler, jr., Corinth. Thomas Spight, Ripley. Benjamin G. Humphreys, Greenville. Thomas U. Sisson, Winona. Anselm J. McLaurin, 7 Brandon. James Gordon, 8 Okolona. Le Roy Percy, 9 Greenville. Adam M. Byrd, Philadelphia. Eaton J. Bowers, Bay St. Louis. William A. Dickson, Centerville. James W. Collier, Vicksburg. 1 Died February 20, 1911. 2 Died July 31, 1910. * Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Charles Q. Tir- rell, and took his seat December 5, 1910. 4 Election unsuccessfully contested by J. Mitchell Galvin. '> Died February 4, 1910. e Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William C. Ix>v- ering, and took his seat April 7, 1910; resigned January 4, 1911, having been elected Governor. ' Died December 22, 1909. 8 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Anselm J. McLaurin, and took his seat December 27, 1909. s Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Anselm .T. McLaurin, and took his seat February 23, 1910. 420 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. MISSOURI. SENATORS. William J. Stone, Jefferson City. REPRESENTATIVES . James T. Lloyd, Shelbyville. William W. Rucker, Keytesyille. Joshua W. Alexander, Gallatin. Charles F. Booher, Savannah. William P. Borland, Kansas City. David A. De Armond, 1 Butler. Clement C. Dickinson, 2 Clinton. Courtney W. Hamlin, Springfield. Dorsey W. Shackleford, Jefferson City. William Warner, Kansas City. Champ Clark, Bowling Green. Richard Bartholdt, St. Louis. Patrick F. Gill, St. Louis. Harry M. Coudrey, St. Louis. Politte Elvins, Elvins. Charles A. Crow, Caruthersville. Charles H. Morgan, Joplin. Arthur P. Murphy, Rolla. MONTANA. SENATORS. Thomas H. Carter, Helena. Joseph M. Dixon, Missoula. REPRESENTATIVE . Charles N. Pray, Fort Ben ton. NEBRASKA. SENATORS. Elmer J. Burkett, Lincoln. Norris Brown, Kearney. REPRESENTATIVES . John A. Maguire, Lincoln. Edmund H. Hinshaw, Fairbury. Gilbert M. Hitchcock, Omaha. George W. Norris, McCook. James P. Latta, Tekamah. Moses P. Kinkaid, O'Neill. NEVADA. SENATORS. Francis G. Newlands, Reno. George S. Nixon, Reno. REPRESENTATIVE. George A. Bartlett, Tonopah. NEW HAMPSHIRE. SENATORS. Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. Henry E. Burnham, Manchester. REPRESENTATIVES. Cyrus A. Sulloway, Manchester. Frank D. Currier, Canaan. John Kean, Elizabeth. NEW JERSEY. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Henry C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. John J. Gardner, Atlantic City. Benjamin F. Howell, New Brunswick. Ira W. Wood, Trenton. Charles N. Fowler, Elizabeth. Frank O. Briggs, Trenton. William Hughes, Paterson. Richard Wayne Parker, Newark. William H. Wiley, East Orange. Eugene F. Kinkead, Jersey City. James A. Hamill, Jersey City. Died November 23, 1909. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of David A. De Armond, and took his sea't February 7, 1910. SIXTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 421 NEW YORK. SENATORS. Chauncey M. Depew, Peekskill. REPRESENTATIVES. William W. Cocks, Westbury. George H. Lindsay, Brooklyn. Otto G. Foelker, Brooklyn. Charles B. Law, Brooklyn. Richard Young, Flatbush. William M. Calder, Brooklyn. John J. Fitzgerald, Brooklyn. Daniel J. Riordan, New York. Henry M. Goldfogle, New York . William Sulzer, New York. Charles V. Fornes, New York. Michael F. Conry, New York. Herbert Parsons, New York. William Willett, jr., Long Island City. J. Van Vechten Olcott, New York. Francis B. Harrison, New York. William S. Bennet, New York. Joseph A. Gould en, Fordham. John E. Andrus, Yonkers Elihu Root, New York. Thomas W. Bradley, Walden Hamilton Fish, Garrison. William H. Draper, Troy. George N. South wick, Albany. George W. Fairchild, Oneonta. Cyrus Durey, Johnstown. George R. Malby, Ogdensburg. Charles S. Millington, Herkimer. Charles L. Knapp, Lowville. Michael E. Driscoll, Syracuse. John W. Dwight, Dryden. Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. James B. Perkins, 1 Rochester. James S. Havens, 2 Rochester. J. Sloat Fassett, Elmira. James S. Simmons, Niagara Falls. Daniel A. Driscoll, Buffalo. De Alva S. Alexander, Buffalo. Edward B. Vreeland, Salamanca. NORTH CAROLINA. SENATORS. Furnifold McL. Simmons, Newbern. REPRESENTATIVES. John H. Small, Washington. Claude Kitchin, Scotland Neck. Charles R. Thomas, Newbern. Edward W. Pou, Smithfield. John M. Morehead, Spray. Lee S. Overman, Salisbury. Hannibal L. Godwin, Dunn. Robert N. Page, Biscoe. Charles H. Cowles, Wilkesboro. Edwin Y. Webb, 3 Shelby. John G. Grant, Hendersonville. NORTH DAKOTA. SENATORS. Porter J. McCumber, Wahpeton. Louis B. Hanna, Fargo. REPERSENTATIVES. OHIO. Martin N. Johnson, 4 Petersburg. Fountain L. Thompson, 5 Cando. William E. Purcell, 6 Wahpeton. Asle J. Gronna, 7 Lakota. Asle J. Gronna, 1 * Lakota. Charles Dick, Akron. SENATORS. REPRESENTATIVES. Nicholas Longworth, Cincinnati. Herman P. Goebel, Cincinnati. James M. Cox, Dayton. William E. Tou Velle, Celina. Timothy T. Ansberry, Defiance. Matthew R. Denver, Wilmington. J. Warren Keifer, Springfield. Ralph D. Cole, Findlay. Isaac R. Sherwood, Toledo. Adna R. Johnson, Ironton. Albert Douglas, Chillicothe. Theodore E. Burton, Cleveland. Edward L. Taylor, jr., Columbus. Carl C. Anderson, Fostoria. William G. Sharp, Elyria. James Joyce, Cambridge. David A. Hollingsworth, Cadiz. William A. Ashbrook, Johnstown. James Kennedy, Youngstown. William A. Thomas, Niles. Paul Howland, Cleveland. James H. Cassidy, 9 Cleveland. Died March 11, 1910. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James B. Per- kins, and took his seat April 29, 1910. 3 Election unsuccessfully contested by John A. Smith. 4 Died October 21. 1909. 6 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Martin N. Johnson, and took his seat November 10, 1909; resigned Jan- uary 31, 1910. Appointed (o fill vacancy in term commencing March 4, 1909, caused by death of Martin N. Johnson and resignation of Fountain L. Thompson, and took his scat February 1, 1910. 7 Elected to fill vacancy hi term commencing March 4. 1909, caused by death of Martin N. Johnson, and resignation of Fountain L. Thompson, and took his seat February 2, 1911. 8 Resigned to take effect February 2, 1911, having been I'lected Senator. the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Robert Y. Hayne, elected governor; was reelected and served from December 12, 1832, to March 3, 1843, when he resigned; appointed Secretary of State by President Tyler March 6, 1844, entered upon duties April 1, 1844, and served until March 6, 1845; again elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Daniel E. Huger, and served from No- vember 26, 1845, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 31, 1850. Calhoun, John Ewing, a Senator from South Carolina; born in 1749 ; was graduated from Prince- ton college in 1774; studied law, and in 1789 com- menced practice in Charleston, S. C. ; commissioner of confiscated estates; member of the state house of representatives for several years; elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat and served from March 4, 1801, until his death, near Fort Hill, S. C., Novembers, 1802. Calhoun, Joseph, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in that state ; elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1807-March3, 1811). Calhoun, William Barron, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., Decem- ber 29, 1796; in 1814 was graduated from Yale col- lege; studied law and practiced in Springfield; member of the state house of representatives 1825 to 1835, serving two years as speaker; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty -fifth, Twenty- sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1835 r March 3, 1843); member of the state senate, and its president in 1846 and 1847 ; secretary of state of Massachusetts 1848-1851; state bank commis- sioner 1853-1855; presidential elector on the Clay and Frelinghuysen ticket in 1844; mayor of Spring- field in 1859; again a member of the state legisla- ture in 1861; died in Springfield, Mass, November 8, 1865. Calkin, Hervey Chittenden, a Representative from New York; born in Maiden, N. Y., March 23, 1828; attended the public schools; removed to New York City in 1847; employed in the Morgan iron works for five years; in 1852 became a dealer in metals, and identified himself with the shipping interests of the country; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); resumed business in New York City, but re- tired in 1904; a resident of the Borough of the Bronx, New York City. Calkins, William Henry, a Representative from Indiana; born in Pike county, Ohio, February 18, 1842; studied law; admitted to the bar and prac- ticed; served in the Union Army from May, 1861, to December, 1865, except three months in 1863, belonging to the fourteenth Iowa infantry and the twelfth Indiana cavalry; took up his residence in Lapprte, Ind.; became state attorney for the ninth Indiana judicial circuit 1866-1870; member of the state house of representatives in 1871; elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1877, to October 20, 1884, when he resigned; took up his residence in Tacoma, Wash., and practiced law; appointed United States associate justice of the Territory of Washington in April, 1889, and served until November ll, 1889, when the territory was admitted as a state into the Union ; died in Tacoma, Wash., January 29, 1894. Call, Jacob, a Representative from Indiana; was graduated from an academy in Kentucky; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Vincennes and Princeton, Ind.; was judge of the Knox circuit; elected to the Eighteenth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by death of William Prince, and served from December 23, 1824, to March 3, 1825. Call, Richard Keith, a Delegate from the Ter- ritory of Florida; born near Petersburg, Va., in 1791; in 1814 entered the United States Army as first lieutenant of the forty-fourth infantry; vol- unteer aid to Maj. Gen. Jackson, April, 1818; in July, 1818, made captain, and resigned May 1, 1822; located in the Territory of Florida; member of the Territorial legislative council in 1822 ; brig- adier general of the West Florida Militia in 1823; elected Delegate to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); governor of the Ter- ritory 1835-1844 ; was defeated for governor of the new state of Florida in 1845; died in Tallahassee, Fla., September 14, 1862. BIOGEAPHIES. 525 Call, Wilkinson, a Senator from Florida; born in Russellville, Logan county, Ky., January 9, 1834; located in Jacksonville, Fla.; was an adjutant general in the Confederate army during the Civil war; practiced law in Jacksonville; elected as a Democrat, to the United States Senate; twice reelected, and served from March 4, 1879, to March 3, 1897; resumed the practice of law; died in Wash- ington, D. C., August 24, 1910. Callahan, James Yancy, a Delegate from the Territory of Oklahoma; born in Dent county, Mo., December 19, 1852; attended the common schools; engaged in various occupations; moved to S tan ton county, Kans., in 1885; twice elected register of deeds in that county; settled in the Territory of Oklahoma in 1892 and elected on a free silver ticket and by the combining of Populists and Democrats a Delegate to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); publisher of the Jacksonian in Enid, Okla. Callis, John Benton, a Representative from Alabama; born in Fayette, N. C., January 3, 1828; in 1841 moved to Tennessee and later to Wisconsin; entered the Union Army as lieutenant and was promoted to captain of the seventh Wisconsin in- fantry August 30, 1861; major January 5, 1863; lieutenant colonel February 11, 1865; brevet colonel and brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, "for efficient and meritorious service"; captain of forty-fifth infantry and brevet major March 7, "1867, "for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Gettysburg, Pa. " ; resigned Febru- ary 4, 1868; after the war took up his residence in Huntsville, Ala.; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); moved to Lancaster, Wis.; member of the state assembly 1874; returned to Huntsville; died in Huntsville, Ala., September 24, 1898. Calvert, Charles B., a Representative from Maryland; born in Prince Georges county, Md., August 24, 1808; was graduated from the Univer- sity of Virginia in 1827; member of the state house of representatives in 1839, 1843, and 1844; elected as a Union Whig to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); died near Bladens- burg, Md., May 14, 1864. Calvin, Samuel, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Washingtonville, Pa., July 30, 1811; attended common schools, and Milton academy; taught in Huntingdon academy; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1836, and commenced practice in Hollidaysburg, Pa.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); declined a renomi- nation for the Thirty-second Congress; resumed the practice of law ; member of the state constitu- tional convention of 1873; died in Hollidaysburg, Pa., March 12, 1890. Canibreleng, Churchill Caldom, a Represen- tative from New York; born in Washington, N. C., in 1786; attended school in Newbern, N. C.; moved to New York City in 1802, where he became a clerk and merchant; established the house of Cambreleng & Pearson; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twen- tieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1839); appointed minister to Russia by President Van Buren, and served from May 20, 1840, to July 13, 1841; died in West Neck, Long Island, N. Y., April 30, 1862. Camden, Johnson Newton, a Senator from West Virginia; born in Lewis county, Va., March 6, 1828; appointed a cadet to West Point in 1846; resigned in 1848; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1851; appointed the same year prose- cuting attorney for Braxton county, and in 1852 elected prosecuting attorney for Nicholas county; in 1858 engaged in the development of petroleum, and in manufacturing in Parkersburg, W. Va.; president of the First National bank of Parkers- burg at its organization in 1862; nominee of the Democratic party for governor of the state in 1868, and again in 1872; delegate in the Democratic national conventions in 1868, 1872, and 1876; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1881, to March 3, 1887; again elected to the United States Senate January 24, 1893, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John E. Kenna; took his seat January 28, 1893, and served until March 3, 1895; died in Baltimore, Md., April 25, 1908. Cameron, Angus, a Senator from Wisconsin; born in Caledonia, Livingston county, N. Y., July 4, 1826; studied law in Buffalo, N. Y., and was graduated from the National law school, Ballston Spa; moved to La Crosse, Wis., in 1857; member of the state senate of Wisconsin in 1863, 1864, 1871, and 1872; member of the legislative assembly of Wisconsin in 1866 and 1867, and speaker in 1867; member of the Republican national convention in Baltimore in 1864; regent of the University of Wis- consin 1866-1875; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; took his seat March 4, 1875; was reelected in 1881, to succeed Matthew H. Car- penter, deceased, and served until March 3, 1885; re- turned to La Crosse, where he resumed the practice of law; died in La Crosse, Wis., March 30, 1897. Cameron, James Donald, a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Middletown, Pa., May 14, 1833; was graduated from Princeton college jn 1853; entered the Middletown bank as clerk, and became its cashier; president of the Northern Central railway company of Pennsylvania 1866- 1874; Secretary of War under President Grant from May 22, 1876, to March 12, 1877; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1868, 1876, and 1880, and chairman of the Republican national committee the last-named year; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of his father, Simon Cameron, March 5, 1877; was reelected, and served from March 20, 1877, to March 3, 1897; engaged in various business enterprises in Harrisburg, Pa. Cameron, Ralph Henry, a Delegate from the Territory of Arizona; born in Southport, Me., Octo- ber 21, 1863; received a common-school training; went West, and became interested in mining and stock raising; locator and builder of the Bright Angel trail into the Grand Canyon of the Colorado in Arizona; moved to the Territory of Arizona in 1883; sheriff of Coconino county for three terms, and served one term as member, and one term as chairman of the board of supervisors of Coconino county; elected as a Republican Delegate to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected a Representative from the state of Arizona to the Sixty-second Congress. Cameron, Simon, a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Donegal, Lancaster county, Pa., March 8, 1799; apprenticed as a printer at the age _of ten years; employed in the Government printing of- fice in Washington for a time; successfully con- 526 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. ducted and edited the Doyleetown (Pa.) Demo- crat; purchased the Harrisburg Republican, and rechristened it the Intelligencer in 1821; then be- came cashier of a bank, president of two railroad companies, and adjutant general of Pennsylvania. In 1845 he was elected a United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Buchanan, and acted with the Democratic Party; served from March 13, 1845, to March 3, 1849; left the Democratic party in 1854, and assisted in the formation of the People's party; was again elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1857; had strong support as a presidential candidate in 1860, and failed of securing the nomination for Vice President on the ticket with Abraham Lincoln through lack of harmony in the Pennsylvania delegation ; resigned his seat in the Senate, March 4, 1861, to become Secretary of War in Lincoln's cabinet; entered upon duties March 11, 1861, and organized the Union forces for service in the field; resigned January 11, 1862, and was immediately appointed minister to Russia; resigned this portfolio November 8, 1862; was delegate in the Baltimore convention of 1864, and in the Loyalists' convention in Phila- delphia in 1866; was again elected a United States Senator for the term beginning March 4, 1867; reelected in 1873, and served until March 3, 1877, when he resigned; died in Lancaster county, Pa., June 26, 1889. Caminetti, Anthony, a Representative from California; born in Jackson, Amaclor county, Cal., July 30, 1854; attended the public schools of his native county, including the grammar school in San Francisco, and the University of California; read law, was admitted to the bar in 1877, and engaged in practice in Jackson, Cal.; district attor- ney of Amador county 1878-1882; elected to the state assembly in 1883, and member of the state senate 1885-1887; Democratic alternate elector for the second congressional district in 1880; Demo- cratic elector in 1888; the first native citizen of the state of California elected to Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); in 1896 was again elected to the state assembly, and reelected in 1898; in April, 1897, was appointed code commissioner and served until July 31, 1899; state senator 1906, 1910 and 1911; resumed the prac- tice of law in Jackson, Cal. Camp, John H., a Representative from New York; born in Ithaca, N. Y., April 14, 1840; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1860; district attorney of Wayne county 1867-1870: presidential elector in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); resumed the practice of law in Lyons, N. Y. Campbell, Albert J., a Representative from Montana; born in Pontiac, Mich., December 12, 1857; attended the Michigan agricultural college, Lansing, Mich.; read law, and was admitted to the bar in 1881; prosecuting attorney of Lake county, Mich., 1886-1888; resigned, and moved to Butte, Mont., November 16, 1889; member of the legislature from Park county in 1897; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); resumed the practice of law in Butte, Mont. Campbell, Alexander, a Senator from Ohio; born in Greenbriar county, Va., in 1774; studied medicine, and in 1785 commenced practice in Kentucky; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1800; moved to Ripley, Ohio, in 1803; member of the state house of representatives 1807-1809; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward Tiffin, and served from December 11, 1809, to March 3, 1813; member of the state senate 1822-1823; died in Ripley, Ohio, November 5, 1857. CampbeU, Alexander, a Representative from Illinois; born in Concord, Pa., October 14, 1814; attended the public schools; clerk in iron works; became superintendent, and continued in the busi- ness of managing iron works in Pennsylvania, Ken- tucky, and Missouri, until 1850, when he moved to La Salle, 111.; mayor of La Salle 1852-1853; mem- ber of the state legislature 1858-1859; member of the state constitutional convention of 1862; elected as an Independent to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); common called "the father of the greenback" ; died in La Salle, 111., August 8, 1898. Campbell, Felix, a Representative from New York; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., February 28, 1829; attended the common schools; was a manufacturer of iron pipe, and a consulting engineer; president of the board of supervisors in 1858; appointed one of the Centennial commissioners by Gov. Tilden in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1891); died in Brooklyn, N. Y., November 8, 1902. CampbeU, George Washington, a Repre- sentative and a Senator from Tennessee; born in the Shire of Sutherland, Scotland, in 1768; his parents emigrated to North Carolina in 1769; was graduated from Princeton college in 1794; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Nashville, Tenn.; elected as a Demo- crat to the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1809); elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jenkins Whiteside, and served from October 8, 1811, to February 11, 1814, when he re- signed ; Secretary of the Treasury under President Madison from February 9, 1814, to October 6, 1814; again elected Senator, and served from De- cember 4, 1815, until 1818, when he tendered his resignation "to take effect at the close of the ensu- ing session" (April 20, 1818); minister to Russia 1818-1821; member of the French claims commis- sion in 1831; was a judge of the supreme court of errors and appeals of Tennessee; died in Nashville, Tenn., February 17, 1848. Campbell, Jacob Miller, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Somerset county. Pa., November 20, 1821; attended the common schools; learned the art of printing in the office of the Somer- set Whig ;_ engaged in steamboating on the lower Mississippi river, 1841-1847; gold mining in Cali- fornia in 1850; aided in building the Cambria iron works in Johnstown, Pa., in 1853, and re- mained in the employ of that company until 1861 ; entered the Union Army as first lieutenant of company G, third Pennsylvania volunteers, April 20, 1861; fall of the same year recruited the fifty-fourth regiment, three-year volunteers, and was commissioned its colonel February 27, 1862; was brevetted brigadier general March 13, 1865, ' ' for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battle of Piedmont, Va."; honorably discharged September 3, 1864; returned to Johnstown, Pa.; elected sur- veyor general of Pennsylvania in 1865, and 1868; BIOGRAPHIES. 527 delegate in the first Republican national conven- tion, held in Philadelphia in 1856; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879, and March 4, 1881-March 3, 1887); died in Johnstown, Pa., September 27, 1888. Campbell, James Edwin, a Representative from Ohio; born in Middletown, Ohio, July 7, 1843; completed academic studies; served in the Navy during the Civil war; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Hamilton, Ohio; prosecuting attorney of Butler county 1876- 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses, and served from June 20, 1884, to March 3, 1889; governor of Ohio for one term in 1889; defeated for governor in 1891, and again in 1895; engaged in the practice of law in Columbus, Ohio. Campbell, James Hepburn, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Williamsport, Pa., Feb- ruary 8, 1820; was graduated from the Carlisle law school; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and com- menced practice in Pottsville; delegate in the Whig national convention in Baltimore in 1844; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); reelected to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); appointed by President Lincoln in May, 1864, minister to Sweden, and served until March 29, 1867; died in Wayne, Pa., April 12, 1895. Campbell, James Romulus, a Representative from Illinois; born in Hamilton county , 111., May 4, 1853; attended the academy of Notre Dame, Ind.; read law, and was admitted to the bar in 1877; took up his residence in McLeansboro, and pur- chased the McLeansboro Times in 1878; state representative 1884-1886; state senator 1888- 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); served in the War with Spain in the ninth Illinois infantry; commissioned colonel June 28, 1898; after the muster out of that regiment, appointed lieutenant colonel of the thirtieth regiment, United States volunteers, July 5, 1899, and assigned to service in the Philippine Islands; commissioned brigadier general of volunteers January 3, 1901; discharged March 25, 1901; engaged in milling and banking in McLeansboro, 111. Campbell, John, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Charles county, Md., July 4, 1765; held several local offices; elected as a Federalist to the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1811); jud -eof the orphans' court of Charles county; died in Port Tobacco, Md., June 23, 1828. Campbell, John, a Representative from South Carolina; born near Brownsville, Marlboro County, 5. C.; was graduated from the South Carolina col- lege in 1819; studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Brownsville, S. C. ; moved to Parnassus, Marlboro district; elected as a States Rights Whig to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831) ; reelected as a States Rights Democrat to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty- sixth, Twenty-seventh, and Twenty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1845); died in Par- nassus, S. C., May 19, 1845. Campbell, John G-oulder, a Deles^ite from Ariz- ona Territory; born in Glasgow, Scotland, June 25, 1827; came to the United States in 1841; attended the public schools; went West, lived in various places, and engaged in numerous occupations, and finally took up his residence in Prescott, Ariz.; member of the council of the Territorial legislature 1868-1874; county supervisor of Yavapai county; elected a Delegate to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); died in Prescott, Ariz., December 22, 1903. Campbell, John H., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in that state; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Philadel- phia; elected as a Native American to the Twenty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); resumed the practice of law; died in Philadelphia, Pa., January 19, 1868. Campbell, John Poage, a Representative from Kentucky; born in that state; member of the state house of representatives in 1826; elected as a Na- tional American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857). Campbell, John Wilson, a Representative from Ohio; born in Augusta county, Va., February 23, 1782; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1808, and commenced practice in West Union, Ohio; held several public offices in that county; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seven- teenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1827); judge of the United States court for the district of Ohio from 1829, until his death in Delaware, Ohio, September 24, 1833. Campbell, Lewis Davis, a Representative from Ohio; born in Franklin, Ohio, August 9, 1811; attended the public schools; apprenticed to learn the art of printing 1828-1831; published a Clay Whig newspaper in Hamilton, Ohio, 1831-1836; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Hamilton; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1857); presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and served from March 4, 1857, to May 25. 1858, when he was succeeded by Clement L. Vallandingham, who contested his election; served in the Union army as colonel of a regiment of volunteer infantry 1861-1862; resigned on account of ill health; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1873); died in Hamilton, Ohio, November 26, 1882. Campbell, Philip Pitt, a Representative from Kansas; born on Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, April 25, 1862; moved with his parents to Kansas in 1866; attended the district school during the winter months, and was graduated from Baker university in Baldwin, Kansas, in 1888; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Pittsburg, Kans., in 1889, and commenced practice in Osage Mission, Kans. ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Campbell, Robert B., a Representative from South Carolina; born in that state; was graduated from South Carolina college in 1809; elected as a States Rights Whig to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); reelected as a Nullifier to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas B. Singleton; was reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, and 528 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. served from February 27, 1834, to March 3, 1837; appointed consul general at Habana, Cuba, in 1842. Campbell, Samuel, a Representative from New York; born in Mansfield, Conn., August 26, 1749; attended the public schools; moved to Columbus, N. Y.; member of the state house of represen- tatives for four years; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823). Campbell, Thomas Jefferson, a Representa- tive from Tennessee; born in Tennessee in 1786; attended the public schools; assistant inspector general to Maj. Gen. Coke's division of the East Tennessee militia from September 25, 1813, to March 12, 1814; clerk of the state house of repre- sentatives 1817-1819, 1821, 1825-1831; member of the legislature 1833-1837; presidential elector on the IJarrison ticket in 1841; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841- March 3, 1843); clerk of the National House of Representatives in the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses, and served until his death in Wash- ington, D. C., April 13, 1850. Campbell, Thompson, a Representative from Illinois; born in Chester county, Pa., in 1811; at- tended the public schools; moved to Galena, 111., and became interested in mining; appointed sec- retary of state of Illinois in 1843, resigned in 1846; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); removed to California; member of the first Republican national convention ; appointed United States land commis- sioner by President Pierce; served in the Califor- nia legislature; died in San Francisco, Cal., De- cember 7, 1868. Campbell, Timothy John, a Representative from New York; born in county Cavan, Ireland, Januarys, 1840; came to the United States in 1845; attended the public schools of New York City; learned the printer's trade, and worked on the New York Times, Express, Tribune, and Herald; mem- ber of the assembly 1868-1873, 1875-1883; elected justice of the fifth district civil court in New York City and served six years; elected to the state senate ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel S. Cox; reelected to the Fiftieth, Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses and served from March 3, 1895, until his death in New York City April 7, 1904. Campbell, William Bowen, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Sumner county, Tenn., February 1, 1807; studied law in Abingdon, and Winchester, Va., was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Carthage ; was chosen district attorney ; elected a member of the Tennessee house of rep- resentatives in 1835; captain of a company in Trousdale's regiment of Tennessee mounted vol- unteers in the Florida war; mustered out January 14, 1837; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843); colonel of the first Tennessee volunteers in the Mexican war June 3, 1846; mustered out May 25, 1847; judge of the fourth circuit of Tennessee after his return from Mexico; governor of Tennessee 1851-1853; elected judge of the circuit court in 1857; appointed by President Lincoln brigadier general of volunteers June 30, 1862 ; resigned January 26, 1863, on account of ill health; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); died in Lebanon, Tenn., August 19, 1867. Campbell, William W., a Representative from New York; born in Cherry Valley, N. Y., June 10, 1806; was graduated from Union college in 1827; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in New York City in 1831; was appointed master in chancery in 1841, afterwards commissioner in bankruptcy; elected as a National American to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); justice of the superior court of New York City 1849-1855; returned to. Cherry Valley in December, 1855; judge of the state su- preme'court for the sixth district 1857-1865; died in Cherry Valley, N. Y., September 7, 1881. Campbell, William Wildman, a Representative from Ohio; born in Rochester, Vt., April 2, 1853; attended the Goddard seminary, Barre, Vt., and Tufts college, Massachusetts; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Napoleon, Ohio; served as prosecuting attorney for Henry county, Ohio, 1894-1897; elected to the Fifty-ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907); resumed the practice of law in Napoleon, Ohio; member of the state constitutional convention of 1911-1912. Canby, Richard Sprigg, a Representative from Ohio; born in Lebanon, Ohio, September 30, 1808; attended Miami university, Oxford, Ohio, 1826- 1828 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Bellefontaine, Ohio; member of the state house of representatives 1845-1846; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847- March 3, 1849); moved to Illinois in 1861; was judge of a circuit court for six years; died in Olney, 111., July 27, 1897. Candler, Allen Daniel, a Representative from Georgia; born in Lumpkin county, Ga., November 4, 1834; was graduated from Mercer university, Georgia, in 1858; studied law; entered the Confed- erate army and was successively a private, lieu- tenant, captain, lieutenant colonel, and colonel; member of the Georgia house of representatives 1872-1877; member of the Georgia state senate 1877-1879; manufacturer and railroad president; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth, Forty- ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1891); secretary of state of Georgia 1895-1898; resigned in April, 1898; elected gov- ernor in October, 1898; compiler of the records of the state of Georgia 1903, until his death in Atlanta, Ga., October 23, 1910. Candler, Ezekiel Samuel, jr., a Representa- tive from Mississippi; born in Belleville, Hamilton county, Fla., January 18, 1862; moved with his parents to Tishomingo county, Miss., in 1870; at- tended the common schools and luka male acad- emy, Mississippi, and was graduated from the law department of the University of Mississippi, June 30, 1881; practiced law with his father in luka under the firm name of Candler & Candler; chair- man of the Democratic executive committee of Tishomingo county in 1884; removed to Corinth January 1. 1887, and continued the practice of law; Cleveland and Thurman elector in 1888; member of Democratic executive committee of Alcorn County for several years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty -seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1901- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Candler, John Wilson, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., February 10, 1828; attended the Marblehead academy, and Dum- mer academy, Byfield, Mass.; entered a counting- BIOGRAPHIES. 529 room in Boston in 1845 ; merchant, engaged in ship- ping and commerce with the East and West Indies, and South America; member of the state house of representatives in 1866; chairman of the commis- sioners of prisons of Massachusetts; president of the Boston board of trade, and of the commercial club of Boston; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883, and March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); died in Providence, R. I., March 16, 1903. Candler, Milton Anthony, a Representative from Georgia; born in Campbell county, Ga., Janu- ary 11, 1837; was graduated from the University of Georgia in 1854; studied law and in 1856 com- menced practice in Decatur, Ga.; member of the state house of representatives 1861-1863, and of the state constitutional convention in 1865 and state senate in 1868-1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in Decatur, Ga., August 8, 1909. Cannon, Frank Jenne, a Delegate from the Territory of Utah, and a Senator from Utah; born in Salt Lake City, Utah, January 25, 1859; was graduated from the University of Utah in 1878; printer and newspaper writer; delegate in the Re- publican national convention in Minneapolis in 1892; elected Delegate to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897) and upon the admis- sion of Utah as a State into the Union was elected to the United States Senate January 22, 1896, and served until March 3, 1899; engaged in newspaper work in New York City. Cannon, George Quayle, a Delegate from the Territory of Utah; born in Liverpool, England, January 11, 1827; came with parents to the United States; learned the art of printing; editor by pro- fession; among the first settlers in Salt Lake City; member of the legislative council of Utah 1865- 1866, 1869-1870, 1871-1872; member of the board of regents of the Deseret university, and chan- cellor; elected in 1872 a Delegate to present the constitution and memorial to Congress for the ad- mission of the Territory into the Union; elected to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty -sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1881; returned to Salt Lake City; director of the Union Pacific railroad; died in Monterey, Cal., April 12, 1901. Cannon, Joseph Gurney, a Representative from Illinois; born in Guilford county, N. C., May 7, 1836; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Tuscola, 111.; removed subsequently to Danville, 111.; state's attorney twenty-seventh judicial district of Illinois, March, 1861, to Decem- ber, 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty- third, and to the eight succeeding Congresses; was defeated for reelection to the Fifty-second Congress; reelected to the Fifty-third, and to the eight succeeding Congresses; chairman of the Com- mittee on Appropriations many terms, and Speaker in the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses; served in Congress from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1911, with the exception of the two years from March 4, 1891, to March 3, 1893 . Reelected to the Sixty -second Congress . Cannon, Marion, a Representative from Cali- fornia; born near Morgantown, W. Va., October 30, 1834; attended the district school; was a miner in Nevada county, Cal., for twenty-one years; 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 34 elected county recorder of Nevada county in 1869, and served two years; moved to Ventura, Cal., in 1874; elected first state president of the Farmers' Alliance, November 20, 1890, and reelected Octo- ber 22, 1891; organized the People's Party of Cali- fornia October 22, 1891; chosen a representative to the supreme council in Indianapolis, November, 1891 ; selected by that body to represent California in the industrial conference in St. Louis, February 22, 1892; chairman of the California delegation in the national convention of the People's Party in Omaha, July 4, 1892; elected as a Populist- Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895) ; resumed farming in Ventura county, Cal. Cannon, Newton, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Guilford county, N.C., May 22, 1781; attended the common schools; moved to Tennessee; member of the state legislature 1811-1812; enlisted in the War of 1812 as a colonel of a regiment of Tennessee mounted rifles; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Felix Grundy; reelected to the Fourteenth Congress, and served from Octo- ber 15, 1813, to March 3, 1817; appointed by President Monroe a commissioner to negotiate a treaty with the Chickasaw Indians in 1819; elected to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1823); governor of Tennessee 1835-1839; died in Harpeth, Tenn., September 29, 1842. Cantrill, James Campbell, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Georgetown, Scott county, Ky., July 9, 1870; attended Georgetown (Ky.) college; chairman of the Scott county Democratic committee in 1895; member of the state house of representatives in 1897, and reelected in 1899; a member of the Kentucky senate from the twenty-second senatorial district in 1901; was nominated for Congress in 1904, but declined; the same year was elected a delegate to the Democratic national convention; became active in organ- izing the tobacco growers of Kentucky in 1906; was elected president of the American Society of Equity for Kentucky, an organization of farmers in January, 1908; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Capehart, James, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Mason county, Va. (now West Virginia), March 7, 1847; attended Marietta col- lege, Ohio; president of county court of Mason county 1871-1872, and 1880-1885; delegate in the Democratic national convention in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895). Caperton, Allen Taylor, a Senator from West Virginia ; born near Union, Monroe county, Va. (now West Virginia), November 21, 1810; attended public schools of Huntsville, Ala., and the University of Virginia, and was graduated from Yale college in 1832; studied law in Staunton, Va., was admitted to the bar, and practiced; Whig member of the state house of delegates for several years, and of the state senate of Virginia, his last term in 1860; member of the state constitutional convention of Virginia in 1861; elected by the legislature of Virginia a mem- ber of the Confederate senate, and served until 1865; elected to the United States Senate from West Virginia as a Democrat for the term begin- ning March 4, 1875, and served until his death in Washington, D. C., July 26, 1876. 530 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Caperton, Hugh, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Virginia in 1780; member of the Virginia state house of delegates for several years; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); died in Monroe County, Va., February 9, 1847. Capron, Adin Ballou, a Representative from Rhode Island; born at Mendon, Mass., January 9, 1841; attended the Woonsocket high school, and Westbrook seminary, near Portland, Me.; engaged in milling and dealing in grain; enlisted as sergeant in the second Rhode Island infantry May, 1861; promoted to sergeant major July 11, 1861; com- missioned lieutenant September, 1861, and ordered on detached service in the signal corps December, 1861; served in the signal corps until the close of the war, having been commissioned first lieu- tenant, March 3, 1863, and promoted to the rank of captain and major by brevet; elected repre- sentative to the general assembly of Rhode Island in 1887, and reelected in 1888, 1889, 1890, 1891- 1892; speaker of the house in 1891-1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1897-Macch 3, 1911); died in Stillwater, R: I., March 17, 1911; interment in Swan Point cemetery, Providence, R.I. Carey, John, a Representative from Ohio; born in Monongahela county, Va., April 5, 1792; moved with his parents to the Northwestern Territory in 1798; served under General Hull in the War of 1812; associate judge 1825-1832; member of the Ohio house of representatives in 1828, 1836, 1843; pro- moter and first president of the Mad River rail- road, from Sandusky to Dayton, about 1845; established the town of Carey, Ohio; United States Indian Agent at theWyandotte reservation; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Con- gress (March 4,1859-March 3, 1861); died in Carey, Ohio, March 17, 1875. Carey, Joseph Maull, a Delegate from the Territory of Wyoming, and a Senator from Wyo- ming; born in Sussex county, Del., January 19, 1845; attended the common schools, Fort Edward collegiate institute, and Union college, New York; studied law in Philadelphia, and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1867; was graduated from the law department of the University of Pennsyl- vania; appointed United States attorney for the Territory of Wyoming on the organization of the Territory in 1869; resigned this office in 1871 on his appointment as an associate justice of the supreme court of the Territory of Wyoming, which office he held until 1876; member of the United States Centennial Commission 1872-1876; member Republican national committee 1876-1896; mayor of Cheyenne 1881-1885; elected as a Republican a Delegate to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty- first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); elected to the United States Senate November 15, 1890, and took his seat December 1, 1890, and served until March 3, 1895; resumed the practice of law in Cheyenne, Wyo.; elected governor for term of four years beginning January 1, 1911. Carleton, Ezra Child, a Representative from Michigan; born in St. Clair, Mich., September 6, 1838; was graduated from the Port Huron high school; hardware merchant; mayor of Port Huron in 1881; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); died in Port Huron, Mich., July 24, 1911. Carlile, John Snyder, a Representative and a Senator from Virginia; born in Winchester, Va., December 16, 1817; studied law and commenced practice in 1842 in Beverly, Va.; member of the state senate 1847-1851; delegate to the state con- stitutional convention of 1850; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855- March 3, 1857); elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress and served from March 4, 1861, until July 9, 1861, when he resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the retirement of Robert M. T. Hunter, and served until March 3, 1865; died in Clarks- burg, W. Va., October 24, 1878. CarHn, Charles Creighton, a Representative from Virginia; born in Alexandria, Va., April 8, 1866; attended the public schools and was gradu- ated from the National Law University; served four years as postmaster; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1904; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth Congress November 5, 1907, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John F. Rixey, and was reelected to the Sixty-first Congress, and served from December 2, 1907, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Carlisle, John Griffin, a Representative and a Senator from Kentucky; born in Campbell (now Kenton) county, Ky., Septembers, 1835; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar in March, 1858; member of the state house of representatives 1859-1861; elected to the state senate in 1866 and reelected in August, 1869; dele- gate at large to the Democratic national convention in New York in July, 1868; lieutenant governor of Kentucky, served from August, 1871, to Septem- ber, 1875; alternate presidential elector at large in 1876; elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses and served from March 4, 1877, to May 26, 1890, when he resigned; Speaker of the House of Representatives in the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James B. Beck, and took his seat May 26, 1890; resigned February 21, 1893; Secre- tary of the Treasury 1893-1897; moved to New York City, and practiced law; died in New York City, July 31, 1910; interment in Linden Grove cemetery, Covington, Ky. Carlton, Henry Hull, a Representative from Georgia; born in Athens, Ga., May 14, 1835; at- tended the common schools; was graduated in medicine and surgery from Jefferson medical col- lege, Philadelphia, in 1857, and practiced until 1872; elected a representative to the general assembly of Georgia, 1872-1877; speaker pro tem- pore and chairman of finance committee; state senator 1884-1885, and president of the senate; editor and proprietor of the Athens Banner (Ban- ner-Watchman) until 1880, when he commenced the practice of law; city attorney of Athens; four years in the Confederate army, under Gen. Robert E. Lee, holding the ranks of lieutenant, captain, and major of artillery; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); reelected to the state legisla- ture. Carleton, Peter, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Haverhill, Mass., September 19, 1755; attended the public schools; engaged in agricultural pursuits; served in a Massachusetts regiment during the Revolutionary War; moved BIOGKAPHIES. 531 to Landaff, N. H., about 1789; member of the state house of representatives 1803-1804; served in the State senate 1806-1807 ; elected as a Democrat to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809); died in Landaff, N. H., April 29, 1828. Carmack, Edward Ward, a Representative and a Senator from Tennessee; born near Castalian Springs, Sumner county, Tenn., November 5, 1858; studied law and practiced in Columbia, Tenn.; elected to the legislature as a Democrat in 1884; joined the editorial staff of the Nashville American in 1886; founded the Nashville Demo- crat in 1888; afterwards became editor in chief of the Nashville American when the Democrat was merged into that paper; became editor of the Memphis Commercial in 1892; delegate at large in the Democratic national convention in 1896; elected to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901) ; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1901, to March 3, 1907; assassinated while upon the street in Nashville, Tenn., November 9, 1908; interment in Columbia, Tenn. Carmichael, Richard B. , a Representative from Maryland; native of that state; was graduated from Princeton college in 1828; studied law and practiced in Centerville, Md. ; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); presiding judge of the county court of Queen Anne county in 1861. Cannichael, William, a Delegate from Mary- land; born in Maryland; was in London at the beginning of the Revolution, went to Paris in November, 1777, as secretary to the commissioners of the American States; returned to America in May, 1778; sat in the Continental Congress 1778- 1779; in September, 1779, went to Spain as secre- tary of legation; appointed charg6 d'affaires April 20, 1782, and served until May, 1794; again returned to the United States in May, 1794; died in Maryland in February, 1795. Carnes, Thomas P., a Representative from Georgia; born in Maryland in 1762; completed preparatory studies; studied law and commenced practice in Milledgeville, Ga.; solicitor general and subsequently attorney general of Georgia; judge of the supreme court; elected to the Third Con- gress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795) member of the state constitutional convention of 1798; one of the commissioners to settle boundary disputes between Georgia and North Carolina in 1806; died in Mil- ledgeville, Ga., May 5, 1822. Carpenter, Cyrus Clay, a Representative from Iowa; born in Hartford, Susquehanna county, Pa., November 24, 1829j attended the common schools and an academy in Hartford; went to Iowa in 1854 and engaged in land surveying; from 1856- 1860 studied law; served in the Union army dur- ing the Civil War; captain of volunteers March 24, 1862; lieutenant colonel from September 26, 1864 to July 14, 1865; brevet colonel of volunteers, "for efficient and meritorious service," July 12, 1865; mustered out July 14, 1865; elected to the legislature of Iowa in 1857; elected register of the state land office in 1866-1868; governor in 1871- 1873 ; appointed second comptroller of the Treasury, January, 1876, and resigned September, 1877; ap- pointed railroad commissioner of Iowa March 26, 1878; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879- March 3, 1883 )"; in 1884 served another term in the state legislature; postmaster of Fort Dodge; died in Fort Dodge, Iowa, May 29, 1898. Carpenter, Davis, a Representative from New York; born in Walpole, N. H., December 25, 1799; studied medicine; was graduated from Mid- dlebury college in 1824 and commenced, practice in Brockport, N. Y.; elected to the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig to fill vacancy caused by resig- nation of Azariah Boody, and served from Decem- ber 5, 1853, to March 3, 1855; resumed the practice of medicine in Brockport, N. Y.; died there October 22, 1878. Carpenter, Leyi D., a Representative from New York; born in Oneida county, N. Y.; at- tended the public schools; elected as a Hard Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Beards- ley, and served from December 5, 1843, to March 3, 1845. Carpenter, Lewis Cass. a Representative from South Carolina-; born in Putnam, Conn., Feb- ruary 20, 1836; attended the public schools; moved to New Jersey, where he taught school and studied law; at an early age began writing for the press, and was connected with the New York papers for several years; went to Washington, D. C., in 1864, and was employed in the Treasury department; also Washington correspondent for several newspapers; studied law at Columbia Col- lege, Washington, D. C., was admitted to the bar; assisted in establishing the first Republican daily paper in South Carolina in 1868, known as the Charleston Courier; took up his residence in Charleston in 1870 and established the Daily Union; private secretary to United States Senator William H. Buckingham in 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert B. Elliott and served from December 7, 1874, to March 3, 1875; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; moved to Leadville, Colo., in 1879; appointed supervisor of the census of Colorado in 1880; post- office inspector 1880-1883 ; engaged in the insurance business; resumed the practice of law; until his death in Denver, Colo., March 6, 1908. Carpenter, Matthew Hale, a Senator from Wisconsin; born in Moretown, Vt., December 22, 1824; entered the Military academy in West Point in 1843, and remained two years; studied law with Paul Dillingham in Vermont and with Rufus Choate in Boston, and was admitted to the bar in 1847; moved to Beloit, and then to Milwaukee, Wls., in 1848, and entered upon the practice of his profession; was appointed judge advocate general of Wisconsin; in March, 1868, by invita- tion of Secretary Stanton, he represented the Gov- ernment in the celebrated McCardle case, and brought to try the validity of the reconstruction act of March 7, 1867, for the government of the States then recently in rebellion, and won the case in the Supreme Court; elected as a Repub- lican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875; elected president of the Senate pro tempore March 12, 1873; March 26, 1873; December 11, 1873; and December 22, 1874; practiced law in Washington and in Mil- waukee; again elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1879, until his death in the city of Washington, February 24, 1881. 532 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Carr, Francis, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Newbury, Mass., December 6, 1751; attended the public schools; member of the state house of representatives from Haverhill, 1791-1795, 1801-1803, and from Orrington, Me. (then Massachusetts), 1806-1808; state senator 1809- 1811; elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of B. Gannett, and served from June 3, 1812, to March 3, 1813; died in Bangor, Me., October 7, 1821. Carr, James, a Representative from Massachu- setts; born in Bangor, Maine district of Massachu- setts, September 9, 1777; member of the state house of representatives 1806-1811; elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); was drowned in the Ohio river August 24, 1818. Carr, John, a Representative from Indiana; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1837); elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); died in Charlestown, Ind., January 20, 1845. Carr, Nathan T., a Representative from Indiana; native of that state; completed prepara- tory studies; a resident of Columbus, Ind.; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Michael C. Kerr, and served from December 5, 1876, to March 3, 1877. Carrington, Edward, a Delegate from Vir- ginia; born in Goochland county, Va., February 11, 1749; served in the Revolutionary army; second lieutenant of the first Virginia light dragoons October 12, 1812; captain third rifles March 17, 1814; quartermaster general under Gen. Greene; discharged June 15, 1815; sat in the Continental Congress 1785-1786; was foreman of the jury in the trial of Aaron Burr for treason in 1807; died in Richmond, Va., October 28, 1810. Carroll, of Carrollton, Charles, a Delegate and a Senator from Maryland ; born in Annapolis, Md., September 20, 1737; attended the College of St. Omer, in France; studied the civil law at the College of Louis-le-Grand in Rheims, and the com- mon law at the Temple in London; returned to Baltimore in 1764; Continental commissioner to Canada in 1776; delegate to the constitutional con- vention of Maryland ; sat in the Continental Con- gress, from July 18, 1776, to 1778, when he resigned, having been elected to the state senate; signer of the Declaration of Independence; elected as a Fed- eralist to the United States Senate (1789) ; reelected. and served from March 4, 1789, until he resigned in 1792; member of the state senate of Maryland from 1791 until 1801, when he retired to private life; set the stone marking the beginning of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad July 4, 1828; died in Baltimore, Md., November 14, 1832; at the time of his death he was the last survivor of the Con- tinental Congress, and of those who signed the Declaration of Independence. Carroll, Charles H., a Representative from New York; born in Maryland June 7, 1794; moved to the Genesee valley, N. Y.; studied law, but never practiced ; county judge 1823-1829; member ci the state house of representatives in 1836; served in the state senate in 1827-1828; elected as a Henry Clay Whig to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); candidate for presidential elector on the Fillmore and Donelson ticket in 1856, and on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1860; died in Grove- land, N. Y., June 8, 1865. Carroll, Daniel, a Delegate and a Representa- tive from Maryland; born in Upper Marlboro, Prince Georges county, Md., July 22, 1730; sat in the Continental Congress 1780-1784; delegate in the convention that framed the Federal con- stitution; elected as a Federalist to the First Con- gress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); took an ac- tive part in fixing seat of government; appointed by President Washington, in 1791, one of the com- missioners to locate the District of Columbia and the Federal city; died in Washington, D. C., in 1796. Carroll, James, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Baltimore, Md., December 2, 1791; was graduated from old St. Mary's college in 1808; studied law, but did not practice; located on a farm on the West river; removed to Baltimore, Md., in 1831; judge of the orphan's court; trustee of the poor; director of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad company and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Co.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); unsuccessful candidate for governor of Maryland; retired from political life; died in Baltimore. Md., January 16, 1873. Carroll, John M., a Representative from New York; born in Springfield, N. Y., April 27, 1823; was graduated from Union college, Schenectady, N. Y.., in 1846; studied law and in 1848 was admit- ted to the bar; afterwards practiced in Johnstown; elected district attorney of Fulton county in 1859, which position he held for three years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died in Johnstown, N. Y., May8, 1901. Carson, Samuel P., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Pleasant Garden, N. C.; member of the state senate of North Carolina in 1822-1824; elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1833) ; after his retirement from Congress moved to Arkansas; died in Hot Springs, Ark., in November, 1840. Carter, Charles David, a Representative from Oklahoma; born in Boggy Depot, Choctaw Nation, Indian Territory, August 16, 1869; moved with his father to Mill Creek, a stage stand on the western frontier of the Chickasaw Nation in April, 1876; attended subscription school for two terms; at- tended the Chickasaw manual labor academy; ap- pointed auditor of public accounts of the Chicka- saw Nation and served two years; member of the Chickasaw council for the term of 1895; superin- tendent of schools, Chickasaw Nation, 1897; ap- pointed mining trustee of Indian Territory by President McKinley in November, 1900, and served four years; secretary of the first Democratic execu- tive committee of the proposed state of Oklahoma June to December, 1906; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Carter, John, a Representative from South Carolina; born on Black River, Sumter district. South Carolina, September 11, 1792; was graduated BIOGRAPHIES. 533 from the South Carolina college in 1811; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Camden; elected to the Seventeenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Blair; reflected to the Eighteenth, Nine- teenth, and Twentieth Congresses, and served from December 11, 1822, to March 3, 1829; resumed the Eractice of law in Camden; moved to Georgetown, . C., in 1836, where he died June 20, 1850. Carter, Luther Cullen, a Representative from New York; born in Bethel, Me., February 25, 1805; moved to New York and engaged in mercantile pursuits; member of the board of education of New York City for several years; retired from busi- ness and moved to Long Island , where he became interested in agriculture; elected as a Union Re- publican to the Thirty -sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); died in Borough of Brooklyn, New York City, January 3, 1875. Carter, Thomas Henry, a Delegate from the Territory of Montana, and a Representative and a Senator from Montana; born in Scioto county, Ohio, October 30, 1854; attended the common schools in Illinois; studied law, and was admit- ted to the bar; in 1882 moved from Burlington, Iowa, to Helena, Mont.; elected Delegate from the Territory of Montana to the Fifty-first Congress (March -4, 1889-March 3, 1891); upon the admission of the state during that Congress was elected its first Representative; commissioner of the general land office from March. 1891, to July, 1892, when he was elected chairman of the Republican na- tional committee; delegate from Montana to the Republican national conventions of 1896, 1900, and 1904; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1895, until March 3, 1901 ; appointed by President McKinley a member of the board of commissioners of the Louisiana purchase exposition, and served as its president; again elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1905, to March 3, 1911; appointed a member of the International Joint Commission to consider boundaries and waterways between the United States and Canada; died in Washington, D. C., September 17, 1911. Carter, Timothy Jarvis, a Representative from Maine; born in Bethel, in the then Maine district of Massachusetts, August 18, 1800; studied law ? was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Paris, Me.; secretary of the state senate of Maine in 1833; county attorney 1833-1837; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress and served from September 4, 1837, until his death in Wash- ington, D. C., March 14, 1838. Carter, William. B., a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Tennessee in 1792; attended the public schools; member of the state legislature of Tennessee, and served in both houses; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1834 and its presiding officer; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1841); died in Elizabeth- town, Tenn., April 17. 1848. Cartter, David Kellogg, a Representative from Ohio; born in Rochester, N. Y., June 22, 1812; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice in Akron, Ohio; moved to MassiHon, Ohio, and practiced; member of the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4,1849-March 3, 1853); moved to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1860; delegate to the Republican national con- vention in 1860; appointed United States minister to Bolivia by President Lincoln and served from March 27, 1861, to March 10, 1862; appointed chief justice of the supreme court of the District of Columbia in 1863 and served until his death in Washington, D. C., April 16, 1887; interment in Cleveland, Ohio. Caruth, Asher Graham, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Scottsville, Allen county, Ky., February 7, 1844; attended the public schools of Philadelphia, Pa., and was graduated from the high school of Louisville in June, 1864; was gradu- ated from the law department of the University of Louisville in March, 1866; practiced law in Hop- kinsville, Ky., for a number of years; then re- turned to Louisville and continued in practice; presidential elector in 1876; attorney of the board of trustees of the public schools of Louisville from 1873-1880; elected commonwealth attorney for the ninth judicial district of Kentucky in 1880 for six years, and reelected in August, 1886; resigned the office in March, 1887; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Louisville, Ky.; in 1902 was appointed judge of the criminal division of the Jefferson circuit court; appointed a commissioner of the St. Louis exposition in 1904; died in Louis- ville, Ky., November 25, 1907. Caruthers, Robert Looney, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Smith county, Tenn., July 31, 1800; studied law and in 1823 was admitted to the bar; clerk of the state house of representatives in 1824; clerk of the chancery court of Smith county and editor of a newspaper; moved to Wilson county in 1826; state attorney 1827-1832; member of the Tennessee house of representatives in 1835; was the founder of Cumberland university in Lebanon, Tenn., in 1842, and of its law depart- ment in 1847 ; presidential elector on the Clay and Frelinghuysen ticket in 1844; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841- March 3, 1843); appointed judge of the supreme court of Tennessee in 1852; delegate from Tennessee to the peace convention of 1860; elected governor in 1862, but on account of the occupation of the state by Federal forces never assumed the duties of the office; died in Lebanon, Tenn., October 2, 1882. Caruthers, Samuel, a Representative from Missouri; born in Madison county, Mo., October 13, 1820; was graduated from Clinton college, Tennessee; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Fredericktown, Mo.; moved to Cape Girardeau, Mo., in 1844; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853- March 3, 1857); reelected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); died in Cape Girardeau, Mo , August 20, 1860. Gary, George, a Representative from Georgia; born in Charles county, Md.; moved to Appling, Ga.; elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827); died in Upson county, Ga., June 14, 1844. Gary, George B., a Representative from Vir- ginia; born near Petersburg, Va., in 1811; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March3, 1843); died in Bethlehem, Va., March 5, 1850. 534 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Cary, Jeremiah E., a Representative from New York; born in Coventry, R. I., April 30, 1803; attended the public schools; moved to the state of New York; studied law and in 1829 commenced practice; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); re- moved to New York City, where he continued the practice of law. Gary, Samuel Fentpn, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, February 18, 1814; was graduated from the Miami University of Ohio and from the Cincinnati law school; practiced law until 1845, when he devoted himself to temperance and other reforms; was a delegate to the Republican national convention in 1864 which nominated Abraham Lincoln for President; nominated in 1876 in the convention of the Greenback Party for the Vice Presidency; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); died in Cincinnati, Ohio, September 29, 1900. Cary, Shepard, a Representative from Maine; born in New Salem, Mass., July 3, 1805; attended the public schools; engaged in agricultural and mercantile pursuits; member of the state house of representatives in 1832, 1833, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, 1843; presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1836; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1845); died in Houlton, Me., August 9, 1866. Gary, William Joseph, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Milwaukee, Wis., March 22, 1865; attended the public schools; at eighteen a telegraph operator; served as alderman 1900-1902; elected sheriff of Milwaukee county in 1904; elected a's a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty -second Congress. Case, Charles, a Representative from Indiana; born in Austinburg, Ohio, December 21, 1817; studied law and practiced in Fort Wayne, Ind.; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Con- gress, to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Samuel Brenton; reelected to the Thirty -sixth Congress, and served from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861. Case, Walter, a Representative from New York; born in town of Poughkeepsie, Dutchess county, N. Y., in 1776; was graduated from Union college, Schenectady, N. Y., in 1799; elected to the Six- teenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); died in Fishkill, N. Y., October 7, 1859. Casey, Joseph, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Washington county, Maryland, in 1814; studied law and practiced in New Berlin. Pa.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851^1; in 1863 appointed by President Lincoln judge of the Court of Claims, and was the first chief justice of that court; died in Washington, D. C., February 10, 1879. Casey, Levi, a Representative from South Caro- lina; born in South Carolina in 1749; served in the Revolutionary War; elected brigadier general of militia; justice of Newberry county court in 1785; elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1803, until his death, in Wash- ington, D. C., February 1, 1807. Casey, Lyman Rufus, a Senator from North Dakota; born in York, Livingston county, N. Y., May 6, 1837; when very young moved with his parents to Ypsilanti, Mich.; in the hardware busi- ness for many years; settled in Dakota in 1882, at Carrington, Foster county; chairman of the North Dakota committee on irrigation; commissioner of Foster county; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from November 25 1889, to March 3 r 1893; located in New York City. Casey, Samuel Lewis, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Union county, Ky., February 12, 1821; member of the state legislature, 1860- 1862; elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the expulsion of Henry C. Burnett, and served from March 10, 1862, until March 3, 1863; died in St. Joseph, Mo., August 25, 1902. Casey, Zadok, a Representative from Illinois; born in Greene county, Ga., March 7, 1796; at- tended the common schools; moved to Illinois in 1819, and settled near the present site of Mt. Vernon ; member of the state house of representatives 1822- 1826; served in the state senate 1826-1830; elected lieutenant-governor of Illinois in 1830; volunteer in the Black Hawk war in 1832; elected as a Jack- son Democrat to the Twenty-third, Twenty -fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1843); the city of Caseyville, 111., was named for him; retired to his farm ' ' Elm Hill, ' ' near Mt. Vernon , 111. ; delegate to the State constitutional conventions in 1848 and 1860 ; again a member of the state house of represent- atives 1848-1852, and served as speaker in 1848; re- elected to the state senate in 1860; died in Casey- ville, 111., September 4, 1862; interment in Mt. Vernon, 111. Caskie, John Samuels, a Representative from Virginia; born in Richmond, Va., November 8, 1821 ; was graduated from the University of Virginia; studied law and practiced in Richmond; prosecut- ing attorney; judge of the Richmond and Henrico circuit; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1859); resumed the practice of law; died in Richmond, Va., December 16, 1869. Cason, Thomas Jefferson., a Representative from Indiana; born in Union county, Ind., Septem- ber 13, 1828; attended the common schools; studied law , was admitted to the bar in 1850, and practiced in Lebanon, Ind. ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1861-1864, and of the state senate 1864- 1867; in April, 1867, appointed by Gov. Baker common pleas judge and was elected to the same office; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third and Forty -fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); died in Washington, D. C., July 10, 1901. Cass, Lewis, a Senator from Michigan; born in Exeter, N. H., October 9, 1782; attended Exeter academy; removed with parents to Wilmington, Del., and soon after to a farm near Zanesville, Ohio; studied law in Marietta, Ohio, with Governor Meigs; was admitted to the bar in 1803, and began practice in Zanesville; member of the Ohio house of rep- resentatives; United States marshal for the district of Ohio 1807-1813; colonel of the third Ohio vol- unteers in 1812; appointed colonel of the twenty- seventh United States infantry February 20, 1813, and promoted to the rank of brigadier general March 12, 1813; resigned May 1, 1814; military and civil governor of Michigan Territory 1813-1831 ; appointed by President Jackson Secretary of War, served from BIOGRAPHIES. 535 August 1, 1831 to October 5, 1836; from October 24, 1836, to November 12, 1842, minister to France; elected a United States Senator as a Democrat, and served from March 4, 1845, to May 29, 1848, when he resigned; in 1844 and 1852 defeated as the Demo- cratic candidate for President; subsequently elected Senator, to fill the vacancy occasioned by his own resignation; was reelected, and served from January 20, 1849, to March 3, 1857; Secretary of State under President Buchanan from March 6, 1857, until December 14, 1860, when he resigned; returned to Detroit, Mich., where he died June 17, 1866. Cassedy, George, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Bergen county, N. J., May 14, 1784; elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1827); died in Hackensack, N. J., December 31, 1842. Cassel, Henry Burd, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Marietta, Pa,., October 19, 1855; attended the public schools of Marietta and the Columbia classical institute; member of the county committee in 1881; chairman of the county committee in 1893; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1896; in 1898 and 1900 elected to the lower house of the state legislature; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Con- gress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Marriott Brosius, reelected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses, and served from Decem- ber 2, 1901, to March 3, 1909; resumed business in Marietta, Pa., as a manufacturer and contractor. Casserly, Eugene, a Senator from California; born in Ireland, November 13, 1820; emigrated with his parents to New York when quite young; was graduated from Georgetown college, District of Columbia; studied law, and in 1844 was admitted to the bar; corporation attorney in New York City 1846-47; in 1850 moved to California and located in San Francisco; connected with the press for five years; state printer, 1851-1852; member of second state constitutional convention of California, 1878- 1879; practiced law from 1851 until November, 1868; elected a United States Senator as a Demo- crat and served from March 4, 1869, until Novem- ber 29, 1873, when he resigned; resumed the prac- tice of law in San Francisco; died in San Francisco, Cal., June 14, 1883. Cassidy, George Williams, a Representative from Nevada; born in Bourbon county, Ky., April 25, 1836; attended the free schools; engaged in newspaper work; member of the state senate 1872- 1876; president of the senate for the session of 1879; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885); appointed national-bank examiner for Ne- vada, Utah, California, and Colorado by President Cleveland; died in Reno, Nev., June 24, 1892. Cassidy, James Henry, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cleveland, Ohio, October 28, 1869; at- tended the public schools; studied law at the Cleveland law school, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Cleveland, Ohio; clerk of the commit- tee on rivers and harbors, House of Representatives, during the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses, resigned January 11, 1909; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Theo- dore E. Burton, and served from April 26, 1909, to March 3, 1911; resumed the practice of law in Cleveland, Ohio. Cassingham, John W., a Representative from Ohio; born in Coshocton, Ohio, June 22, 1840; attended the public schools; deputy treasurer of his county 1857-1868; county auditor 1880-1887; engaged in coal mining and in the manufacture of paper; trustee of the public library; member of the board of education; president of the Coshocton board of trade; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Chicago in 1896; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905); a resident of Coshocton, Ohio, and president of the Commer- cial National bank. Castle, Curtis Harvey, a Representative from California; born October 4, 1848, in Knox county, 111.; attended Knox college, Galesburg, 111.; was graduated in 1872 from the Northwestern uni- versity, Evanston, 111.; studied medicine and was graduated in 1878 from College of Physicians and Surgeons, Keokuk, Iowa; member of the American academy of medicine; chairman of the Populist executive committee of his county and member of the state executive committee; elected as the candidate of the Populist and Democratic Parties to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); resumed the practice of medicine in Merced, Cal. Castle, James Nathan, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Shefford, Province of Quebec, May 23, 1836; attended the public schools; in 1862 moved to Washington county, Minn.; elected dis- trict attorney in 1865; located in Stillwater, where he engaged in the practice of law; elected to the state senate in 1868, 1878, and 1882; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4 , 1891-March 3, 1893); died in Stillwater, Minn., January 2, 1903. Castor, George Albert, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., August 6, 1855; attended the public schools; member of the Republican city committee for fifteen years; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth Con- gress February 16, 1904, to fill vacancy occasioned by the death of Henry Burk; reelected to the Fifty- ninth Congress, and served from February 29, 1904, until his death in Philadelphia, Pa., February 19, 1906. Caswell, Lucien Bonaparte, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Swanton, Vt., November 27,1827 ; moved to Wisconsin in 1837 ; pursued a par- tial collegiate course; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1851, and practiced; elected district attor- ney in 1855-56; member of the legislative assem- bly of Wisconsin in 1863, 1872, and 1874; commis- sioner of the second district board of enrollment from September, 1863, to May 5, 1865; delegate to the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty- ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses, served from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1883, and from March 4, 1885, to March 3, 1891; resumed the prac- tice of law in Fort Atkinson, Wis.; vice president and acting president of the First National Bank. Caswell, Richard, a Delegate from North Caro- lina; born in Maryland, August 3, 1729; in 1746 moved to Raleigh, N. C.; studied law and prac- ticed; member of the colonial house of delegates 1754-1771; served as speaker the last two years; commanded the right wing at the battle of Alla- mance in 1771; served in the Revolutionary Army; sat in the Continental Congress 1774-1776; 536 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. delegate to the state constitutional convention, and its president; governor of North Carolina 1777-1780; commanded the North Carolina troops at the battle of Camden in 1780, speaker of the senate of North Carolina 1782-1784; also served as comptroller general; governor of North Carolina 1785-1788; appointed delegate from North Carolina to the convention which framed the Federal Con- stitution, 1787, but did not attend; in 1789 elected state senator and served until his death in Fayette- ville, N. C., November 20, 1789. Catchings, Thomas Clendinen, a Representa- tive from Mississippi; born in Hinds county, Miss., January 11, 1847; attended the University of Mississippi in 1859, and Oakland college in 1861; entered the Confederate army in 1861, and served throughout the war; commenced the study of law in 1865, was admitted to the bar in May, 1866, and practiced in Vicksburg; elected to the state senate of Mississippi in 1875, but resigned on being nominated in 1877 for attorney general; was elected attorney general, and reelected in 1881; resigned February 16, 1885; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty- first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty- fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1901); resumed the practice of law in Vicksburg, Miss. Gate, George Washing-ton, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Montpelier, Vt., Septem- ber 17, 1825; attended the common schools; studied law and in 1845 was admitted to the bar in Mont- pelier; moved to Wisconsin in 1845 and located in Plover; member of the state legislature 1852-53; elected judge of the circuit court in April, 1854, holding the position until March 4, 1875, when he resigned; elected as an Independent Reformer to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); died in Stevens Point, Wis., March 7, 1905. Gate, William Henderson, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Rutherford county, Tenn., November 11, 1839; was graduated in the class of 1857 from the university at Knoxville ; engaged in teaching in the south and west for some time; in the Confederate army; settled in Jonesboro, Ark., in 1865; admitted to the bar in 1866; elected to the legislature 1871-1873, including the extra session of 1874; elected prosecuting attorney of the second circuit in 1878; appointed judge of the second circuit in March, 1884; elected to the same position in September, 1884; organized the Bank of Jonesboro in 1887; claimed to have been elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first Congress, but Lewis E. Featherstone successfully contested his election and was given the seat March 5, 1890; elected to the Fifty-second Congress; served from March 4, 1889, to March 5, 1890, and from March 4, 1891, to March 3, 1893; died in Toledo, Ohio, August 23, 1899. Cathcart, Charles William, a Representative and a Senator from Indiana; born in Funchal, island of Maderia, July 24, 1809; spent his early life at sea; in 1831 located in Laporte, Ind. ; United States land surveyor for several years; member of the state house of representatives; presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); appointed United States Senator, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of James Whitcomb, and served from December 6, 1352, to March 3, 1853; died in Laporte county, Ind., August 22, 1888. Catlin, George Smith, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Harwinton, Conn., August 24, 1808; pursued classical studies in Amherst college; studied law in the Litchfield, Conn., law school, was admitted to the bar in 1831 , and practiced in Windham, Conn.; member of the state legislature for several years; state attorney for Windham county; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); de- feated as the Democratic candidate for governor in 1848; member of the state senate and judge of the Windham county court; died in Windham, Conn., December 26, 1851. Catron, Thomas Benton, a Delegate from New Mexico Territory, and a Senator from New Mexico; born in Lafayette county, Mo., October 6, 1840; attended the common schools and was graduated from the University of Missouri in 1860; served four years in the Confederate army; went to New Mexico in 1866 and commenced the practice of law ; appointed district attorney of the third district for two years; member of the legislative assembly 1868-1869, and in 1869 was appointed attorney gen- eral of the Territory ; resigned to take the position of United States attorney, to which he was ap- Eointed by President Grant; member of the legis- itive council of 1884 and 1889; elected Delegate as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); resumed the prac- tice of law in Santa Fe, N. Mex.; upon the ad- mission of the State of New Mexico into the Union was elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and took his seat April 2, 1912; term to expire March 3, 1917. Cattell, Alexander Gilmore, a Senator from New Jersey; born in Salem, N. J., February 12,1816; became a merchant and banker in Philadelphia; member of the state legislature of New Jersey in 1840; clerk of the general assembly 1842-1844; member of the state constitutional convention in 1844 ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, to succeed John P. Stockton, whose seat was declared vacant; served from December 3, 1866, to March 3, 1871; died in Jamestown, N. Y., April 8, 1894; interment in Merchantville, N. J. Caulfield, Bernard G., a Representative from Illinois; born in Alexandria, Va., October 18, 1828; was graduated from Georgetown college, District of Columbia, in 1848, and in 1850 from the law department of the University of Pennsylvania; moved to Chicago in 1853, where he commenced to practice; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- third Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John B. Rice; reelected to the Forty- fourth Congress; served from February 1, 1875, to March 3, 1877; died in Deadwood, S. Dak., Decem- ber 18, 1887. Caulfield, Henry Stewart, a Representative from Missouri; born in St. Louis, Mo., December 9, 1873; attended city schools, and was graduated from the law department of Washington univer- sity; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in St. Louis; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of law in St. Louis, Mo. Causey, John Williams, a Representative from Delaware; born in Milford, Kent county, Del., September 19, 1841; attended the schools of his native town, Albany academy, New York, and Pennsylvania agricultural college; elected to the BIOGRAPHIES. 537 state senate for 1875-1877; delegate to the Demo- cratic national convention in 1884; appointed internal-revenue collector for Delaware by Presi- dent Cleveland; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); died in Milford, Del., October 1, 1908. Causin, John M. S., a Representative from Maryland; born in Maryland in 1811; studied law and commenced practice in Leonard town; mem- ber of the state house of representatives for several terms; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); in 1848, presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket; died in Cairo, 111., January 30, 1861. Cavanaugh, James M., a Representative from Minnesota, and Delegate from Montana Territory; born in Springfield, Mass., July 4, 1823; engaged in newspaper work; studied and practiced law; in 1854 settled in Minnesota, and elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); removed to Colorado in 1861 and continued the practice of law; engaged in mining; member of the convention that framed the constitution of the state of Colorado; in 1866 went to Montana; elected as a Democrat a Delegate to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871) ; died in Leadville, Colo., in 1879. Cessna, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Bedford county, Pa., June 29, 1821; in 1842 was graduated from Marshall college, Mercersburg; studied law and admitted to the bar in 1845; member of the state legislature in 1850, 1851, 1862, and 1863, served as speaker of the house in 1851 and 1863; delegate to the Cincinnati convention of 1856, to the Charleston and Balti- more conventions of 1860, and to the Chicago con- vention of 1868; chairman of the Republican state convention and chairman of the Republican state central committee, 1865; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); reelected to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died in Bedford, Pa., De- cember 13, 1893. Chace, Jonathan, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Rhode Island; born in Fall River, Mass., July 22, 1829; attended an academy; moved to Central Falls, R. I.; cotton manufacturer; member of the Rhode Island state senate, 1876-1877; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1881, to January 26, 1885, when he resigned; elected United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by death of Henry B. Anthony, and served from January 20, 1885; subsequently reelected, but re- signed April 9, 1889; was president of the Phenix National Bank of Providence, R. I., and interested in several manufacturing enterprises; retired, and a resident of Central Falls, R. I. Chaffee, Calvin Clifford, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Saratoga, N. Y., August 28, 1811; studied medicine and was graduated from the medical school of Middlebury college; located in Springfield, Mass., where he commenced prac- tice; elected as a Know Nothing to the Thirty- fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855- March 3, 1859) ; librarian of the House of Represen- tatives 1859-1861; located in Washington, D. C., ]8G1-1876; died in Springfield, Mass., August 8, 1896. Chaffee, Jerome Bunty, a Delegate from the Territory of Colorado, and a Senator from Colo- rado; born in Niagara county, N. Y., April 17, 1825; in 1846 moved to Adrian, Mich., subse- quently settled in St. Joseph, Mo., in 1852; and Elmwood, Kans., conducted a banking and real estate business in both places; removed to the Ter- ritory of Colorado in 1860, where he engaged in banking; elected to the territorial Legislature in 1861, 1862, and 1863, served the last year as speaker of the house; one of the founders of the city of Denver' in 1865 became president of the First National bank of Denver; elected as a Re- publican a Delegate to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); elected to the United States Senate on the admission of Colorado as a state, and served from November 15, 1876 to March 3, 1879; chairman of the Republican executive committee of 1884; died in Salem Center, N. Y., March 9, 1886. Chalmers, James Ronald, a Representative from Mississippi, born in Halifax county, Va., January 11, 1831; moved to Mississippi in May, 1839; attended school in Holly Springs, Miss., and was graduated from South Carolina college, Colum- bia, in December, 1851 ; studied law and was admit- ted to the bar in 1853; elected district attorney for the seventh judicial district of Mississippi in 1858; member of the secession convention of Mississippi in 1861 ; entered the Confederate service as a captain in March, 1861; elected colonel of the ninth Missis- sippi regiment in April, 1861; promoted brigadier general in February, 1862; transferred to the cavalry service in 1863; surrendered in May, 1865, in com- mand of the first division of Forrest's cavalry army corps; member of the state senate of Mississippi in 1876 and 1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (M:>,rch 4, 1877- March 3, 1881); presented credentials as a Member- elect to the Forty-seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1881, to April 29, 1882, when he was succeeded by John R. Lynch, who contested his election ; reelected as an Independent to the Forty-eighth Congress and was seated June 25, 1884, after a contest with Van H. Manning, and served to March 3, 1885; resumed the practice of law in Memphis, Tenn., where he died April 9, 1898. Chalmers, Joseph Williams, a Senator from Mississippi; born at the Chalmers home in Halifax county, Va., in 1807; studied law in the university of Virginia and in Richmond; was admitted to the bar and practiced in Jackson and in Holly Springs, Miss.; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Robert J. Walker; was subsequently elected and served from November 3, 1845, to March 3, 1847; presidential elector on the Cass ticket in 1848; resumed the practice of law in Holly Springs, Miss., and died there in June, 1853. Chamberlain, Ebenezer Mattoon, a Repre- sentative from Indiana; born in Orrington, Me., August 20, 1805; attended the public schools; studied law; moved to Connersville, Ind., in 1832, where he completed his studies; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Elkhart county in 1833; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1835-1837; judge of the Elkhart circuit court for nine years; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); resumed the practice of law in Goshen, Ind. ; died there March 14, 1861. 538 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Chamberlain, George Earle, a Senator from Oregon; born on a plantation near Natchez, Miss., January 1, 1854; attended private and public schools of Natchez until 1870; in the latter year he engaged as clerk in a general merchandise store in Natchez, and held the position until June, 1872; was graduated from Washington and Lee univer- sity literary and law departments in June, 1876; went to Oregon in December, 1876; taught school in Linn county; in 1877 was appointed deputy clerk of that county; this position he held until the sum- mer of 1879, when he resigned to practice law in Albany; in 1880 elected to the legislature; in 1884 district attorney for the third judicial district, and served for a term of two years; attorney general of the state of Oregon by appointment 1891-1892; elected to the same office and moved to Portland ; district attorney for the fourth judicial district for four years; governor 1902-1906; reelected in 1906; in 1908 was nominated in the primaries and subse- quently elected United States Senator as a Demo- crat for the term beginning March 4, 1909. Chamberlain, Jacob Payson, a Representative from New York; born in Dudley, Mass., in 1802; attended the public schools; moved to Seneca Falls, N. Y., with his parents in 1807; completed prepara- tory studies; held several local offices; was a member of the state assembly 1859-1861; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); died in Seneca Falls, N. Y., October 5, 1878. Chamberlain, John Curtis, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Worcester, Mass., June 5, 1772; was graduated from Harvard college in 1793; studied law, and commenced practice in Alstead, N. H.; elected as a Federalist to the Elev- enth Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); died in Utica, N. Y., December 8, 1834. Chamberlain, William., a Representative from Vermont; born in Hopkinton, Mass., April 27, 1755; moved with his father to London, N. H., in 1774; participated in the War of the Revolution stationed, as a sergeant, at Winter Hill during the siege of Boston and participated in the invasion of Canada and the battles of Trenton, N. J., and Bennington, Vt. ; clerk of the Proprietors of Peach- ham, Vt., in 1780; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the state legis- lature in 1785, 1787-1796, 1805, and 1808; member of the convention to accept the U. S. Constitution in 1791; brigadier general of state militia in 1794; major-general in 1799; state councilor 1796-1803; presidential elector in 1800; chief justice of Cale- donia County, 1796-1803, and 1814; elected as a Federalist to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803- March3, 1805), reelected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); lieutenant governor of Vermont 1813-1815; died in Peacham, Vt., Sep- tember 27, 1828. Chambers, David, a Representative from Ohio; born in Allentown, Pa., March 17, 1780; in the whisky insurrection was a confidential express rider for President Washington ; learned the art of print- ing; moved to Zanesville, Ohio, where he estab- lished a newspaper and was elected state printer; secretary of the senate of Ohio; volunteer aid -de- camp to Gen. Cass in the War of 1812; served as recorder and mayor of Zanesville; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March4, 1821-March 3, 1823) ; member of the state house of representatives for several terms and seryed as speaker in 1844; dele- gate to the state constitutional convention of 1851 ; died in Zanesville, Ohio, August 8, 1864. Chambers, Ezekiel Forman, a Senator from Maryland; born in Kent county, Md., February 28, 1788; was graduated from Washington college in 1805; studied law, and in 1808 commenced practice; served in the War of 1812, attaining rank of brigadier general; in 1822 member of tbe state senate; elected as a Whig, United States Senator to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Edward Lloyd; re- elected, and served from January 24, 1826, until 1834, when he resigned; in 1834 appointed presid- ing judge of the second judicial circuit of Mary- land, and judge of the court of appeals, which positions he he^d until 1851 ; was offered the posi- tion of Secretary of the Navy by President Fill- more in 1852, but declined; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor in 1864; died in Chestertown, Md., January 30, 1867. Chambers, George, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Chambersburg, Pa., Feb- ruary 24, 1786; was graduated from Princeton col- lege in 1804; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1807, and commenced practice in Chambersburg; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-Maroh 3, 1837); member of the state constitutional convention in 1837; appointed a justice of the supreme court of Pennsylvania April 12, 1851, which position he held until it was vacated by constitutional provi- sions; died in Chambersburg, Pa., March 25, 1866. Chambers, Henry, a Senator from Alabama; born in Lunenburg county, Va., in 1785; at- tended William and Mary college, and was gradu- ated from the University of Pennsylvania, medi- cal department, in 1811; practiced his profes- sion in Madison, Ala.; served during the earlier Indian wars on the staff of General Jackson; mem- ber of the state constitutional convention of 1819; elected a United States Senator, and served from March 4, 1825, until his death in Mecklenburg county, N. C., January 25, 1826. Chambers, John, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in New Jersey December 4, 1779; at- tended the public schools; moved with his father to Kentucky in 1792 ; studied law and in 1800 was admitted to the bar; served as aid de camp to Gen. Harrison in the War of 1812, and was at the battle of the Thames; elected as a Whig to the Twentieth Congress to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas Metcalfe and served from December 1, 1828, to March 3, 1829; reelected to the Twenty- fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1839); governor of the Territory of Iowa 1841-1846; commissioner to negotiate a treaty with the Sioux Indians in 1849; died near Paris, Ky., September 21, 1852. Champion, Epaphroditus, a Representative from Connecticut; born in East Haddam, Conn., February 1, 1752; attended the common schools; elected as a Federalist to the Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1817); died in East Had- dam, Conn., November 22, 1834. Champlin, Christopher Grant, a Representa- tive and a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Newport, R. I., April 12, 1768; was graduated from Harvard college in 1786, and continued his studies at the College of St. Omer in France; elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1801); elected a United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Francis Malbone, and served from June 26, 1809, to October 2, 1811, BIOGKAPHIES. 539 when he resigned; president of the Rhode Island Bank for many years until his death, in Newport, R. I., March 18, 1840. Chandler, John, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts and a Senator from Maine; born in Epping, N. H., February 1, 1762; took part in the Revolutionary War; commissioned brigadier gen- eral July 8, 1812; honorably discharged June 15, 1815; moved to the Maine district of Massachusetts and settled on a farm at Monmouth; member of the state senate 1803 to 1805; elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1809); member of the Maine constitutional convention of 1819-1820; elected United States Senator from Maine on the admission of that state; reelected, and served from June 14, 1820, to March 3, 1829; collector of customs at Portland 1829-1837; died in Augusta, Me., September 25, 1841. Chandler, Joseph Ripley, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Kingston, Mass., August 25, 1792; attended the common schools and the University of Pennsylvania; engaged as a clerk in Boston; taught school and in 1815 moved to Philadelphia, Pa.; editor of the United States Gazette; held local offices and was a member of the state constitutional convention of 1836; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, and Thirty-third Congressea (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1855); appointed by President Buchanan minister to the Two Sicilies, served from June 15, 1858, to November 15, 1860; editor of the Philadelphia North American; died in Philadelphia, Pa., July 10, 1880. Chandler, Thomas, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Bedford, N. H., August 10, 1772; attended the public schools; justice of the peace in 1808; captain of militia in 1815; member of the state legislature in 1818, and again in 1827; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833); died in Bedford, N. H., January 28, 1866. Chandler, William. Eaton, a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Concord, N. H., December 28, 1835; attended the common schools, the academy in Thetford, Vt., and Pembroke, N. H.; studied law, and was graduated from Harvard law school in 1854, and was admitted to the bar in 1855; ap- pointed reporter of the decisions of the supreme court of New Hampshire in 1859; member state house of representatives in 1862, 1863-1864, served as speaker during the last two years; became Solicitor and Judge Advocate General of the Navy department March 9, 1865; appointed First Assist- ant Secretary of the Treasury June 17, 1865; re- signed November 30, 1867; member of the New Hampshire constitutional convention of 1876; again a member of the state house of representa- tives in 1881; appointed by President Arthur Sec- retary of the Navy April 12, 1882, and served until March 7, 1885; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Austin F. Pike, and served from June 14, 1887, until March 3, 1889; reelected June 18, 1889, and again January 16, 1895, and served until March 3, 1901; appointed in 1901 by President McKinley president of the Spanish Claims Com- mission ; resigned in 1908, and resumed the practice of law in Concord, N. H., and Washington, D. C. Chandler, Zachariah, a Senator from Michigan; born in Bedford, N. H., December 10, 1813; attended the common schools, and taught school ; moved to Detroit, Mich., in December, 1833, and engaged in business; mayor of Detroit in 1851; de- feated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1852; was prominent in the organization of the Republi- can party in 1854; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate to succeed Lewis Cass, in 1857 ; reelected in 1863, and in 1869, and served from March 4, 1857, to March 3, 1875; appointed Secre- tary of the Interior by President Grant, and served from October 19, 1875, to March 3, 1877; chairman of the Republican national executive committee in 1868, and 1876; reelected to the United States Sen- ate, and served from February 19, 1879, until his death in Chicago, 111., November 1, 1879. Chaney, John, a Representative from Ohio; born in Washington county, Md., January 12, 1790; attended the common schools; moved to Ohio; Jackson presidential elector in 1832; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty -third, Twenty- fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1833- March 3, 1839); returned to Canal Winchester, Ohio; member of the village council; died in Canal Winchester, Ohio, April 10, 1881. Chaney, John Crawford, a Representative from Indiana; born near New Lisbon, Columbiana county, Ohio, February 1, 1854; in 1854 his parents moved to Lafayette township, Allen county, Ind., where he attended a common school; was graduated from Ascension seminary, Sullivan county, Ind., in 1874, and later from the Terre Haute commercial college; in June, 1882, was graduated from the law school of Cin- cinnati university; admitted to the bar in 1883 and practiced in Sullivan; in July, 1889, was ap- pointed by President Harrison one of the Attorney General's assistants in the Department of Justice, which position he filled until August, 1893, when he resigned and resumed the practice of law; mem- ber of the state central committee from the second district 1884-1885, and in 1888 was presidential elector on the Harrison ticket; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C. Chanler, John Winthrop, a Representative from New York; born in New York City September 19, 1826; was graduated from Columbia college in 1847; attended the university of Heidelberg, Ger- many; studied law and practiced; member of the New York state assembly from the tenth district of New York City for 1858-1859; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869); died near Rhinebeck, N. Y., October 19, 1877. Chanler, William Astor, a Representative from New York; born in Newport, R. I., June 11, 1867; attended St. John's school, Sing Sing; Phil- lips academy, Exeter, N. H., and Harvard uni- versity; elected to the assembly in the New York state legislature in 1897; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); a retired resident of Great Neck, Long Island, N. Y. Chapin, Alfred Clark, a Representative from New York; born in South Hadley, Mass., March 8, 1848; resided in Springfield, Mass., in Keene, N. H., and in Rutland, Vt.; attended public and private schools and was graduated from Williams college in 1869 and Harvard law school in 1871; moved to New York in 1871; member of the New York assembly in 1882-1883, speaker in the latter year; 540 CONGBESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. elected state comptroller in 1883 and 1885; elected mayor of Brooklyn in 1887 and 1889; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty -second Congress, and served from March 4, 1891, to November 16, 1892, when he resigned; appointed railroad commissioner of New York State in 1892. Chapin, Chester Williams, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Ludlow, Mass., De- cember 16, 1798; attended the common schools, and Westfield academy; engaged in business for five years; mail contractor, running post coaches and steamboats; member of the constitutional conven- tion of Massachusetts in 1853 ; president of the Bos- ton & Albany railroad company; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875- March 3, 1877); died in Springfield, Mass., June 10, 1883. Chapin, Graham Hurd, a Representative from New York; born in Salisbury, Conn., February 10, 1799; moved to Lyons, Wayne county, in 1817; was graduated from Yale college in 1819; surrogate 1826-1833; district attorney 1829-1830; moved to Rochester, N. Y., in 1833; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1839); died in Mount Morris, N. Y., Sep- tember 8, 1843. Chapman, Andrsw Grant, a Representative from Maryland; born in La Plata, Charles county, Md., January 17, 1839; attended Charlotte Hall academy and the University of Virginia; was graduated from St. Johns college, Annapolis, in 1858; returned to the University of Virginia, and remained two years in the law department; went to Baltimore and was admitted to the bar in 1860; commenced practice in Port Tobacco in 1864; mem- ber of the state house of delegates in 1868, 1870, and 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); reelected to the state house of delegates in 1885; deputy collector of internal revenue 1887; collector in 1888; died near La Plata, Md., September 25, 1892. Chapman, Augustus A., a Representative from Virginia; born in Virginia in 1806; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Union, W. Va.; elected as a Van Buren Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); died in Hinton, W. Va., in June, 1876. Chapman, Bird B. ? a Delegate from the Terri- tory of Nebraska; born in Connecticut and attended the public schools; moved to Omaha, Nebr. Ter.; elected Delegate to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); died on Put-in-Bay Island, Lake Erie, September 12, 1871. Chapman, Charles, a Representative from Con- necticut: born in Newtown, Conn., June 2'1, 1799; studied law at the Litchfield law school; was ad- mitted to the bar in 1820, and in 1827 commenced practice in New Haven; moved to Hartford in 1832 and became editor of the New England Review; elected to the state legislature as a Whig three terms; United States district attorney 1841-1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); elected to the state legislature as a Democrat and served three terms; died in Hartford, Conn., August 7, 1869. Chapman, Henry, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Newton, Pa., February 4, 1804; studied law, admitted to the bar April 25, 1825, and practiced in Doylestown; elected a state senator in 1843, and two years afterwards appointed judge of the fifteenth judicial district and served four years; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); judge of the Bucks county court in 1861 and retired in 1871; died near Doylestown, Pa., April 11, 1891. Chapman, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in that state; elected to the Fifth Congress (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1799). Chapman, John Grant, a Representative from Maryland; born in Charles county, Md., July 5, 1798; attended Yale college; studied law, and in 1820 commenced practice; member of the state house of representatives of Maryland 1824-1839, 1843-4, and of the state senate in 1840; speaker of the house and president of the senate; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); president of the constitutional convention of Maryland in 1851; president of the Whig national convention in Balti- more in 1856; died in Port Tobacco, Md., Decem- ber 10, 1856. Chapman, Pleasant Thomas, a Representa- tive from Illinois; born in Johnson county, Ind., October 8, 1854; attended the public schools; was graduated from McKendree college at Lebanon. 111., in June, 1876; engaged in banking and farm- ing; admitted to the bar in Mount Vernon, 111., June, 1878; elected superintendent of public schools in Johnson county in 1877, and served five years; elected county judge in 1882, and reelected in 1886; elected state senator in 1890, 1894, and 1898; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March "4, 1905- March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law, and banking in Vienna, 111. Chapman, Reuben, a Representative from Ala- bama; born in Caroline county, Va., July 15, 1799; attended an academy; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Somerville, Ala.; mem- ber of state senate 1832-1835; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, and Twenty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1847); governor of Alabama 1847-1849; died in Hunts ville, Ala., May 16, 1882. Chapman, William W., a Delegate from the Territory of Iowa; one of the first settlers in Bur- lington, Territory of Iowa; elected the first Dele- gate from the Territory to the Twenty-fifth Con- gress; reelected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841. Chappell, Absalom Harris, a Representative from Georgia; born in Hancock county, Ga., De- cember 18, 1801; educated at Mount Zion, under Dr. Beaman, and upon graduating went to New York; was graduated from the law department of the University of Georgia; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Macon, Ga.; elected as a States' Rights Whig to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845), to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John G. Lamar before the beginning of the Congress; re- sumed the practice of law in Columbus, Ga., from 1858 to 1878; was a delegate in the Georgia con- stitutional convention of 1877; died in Columbus, Ga., December 11, 1878. Chappell, John Joel, a Representative from South Carolina; born on Little River, in Fairfteld BIOGRAPHIES. 541 district, S. C., January 19, 1782; moved with his parents to Richland district; studied law, and in 1805 commenced practice in Columbia; colonel dur- ing the War of 1812; elected as a States Rights War Democrat to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); resumed the practice of law until 1849; director of the Columbia branch of the State Bank of South Carolina 1830- 1858; removed to Alabama and became a cotton planter; died in Lowndes county, Ala., May 23, 1871. Charlton, Robert Milledge, a Senator from Georgia; bom in Savannah, Ga., January 19, 1807; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Savannah; member of the state house of representatives; elected United States district attorney; elected a judge of the superior court in 1835; resigned to devote himself to Ms profession; appointed a United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of J. Macpherson Ber- rien, and served from May 31, 1852, to March 3, 1853; mayor of Savannah; died in Savannah. Ga., January 18, 1854. Chase, Dudley, a Senator from Vermont; born in Cornish. N. H., December 30, 1771; was gradu- ated from Dartmouth college in 1791; studied law, was admitted ito the bar in 1793, and practiced in Randolph, Vt.; state attorney for Orange county 1803-1811; delegate to the state constitutional con- ventions of 1814 and of 1822; for several years a member of the state house of representatives, and speaker 1813-1817; elected a United States Senator, and served from March 4, 1813, to November 3, 1817, when he resigned; chief justice of the supreme court of Vermont 1817-1821; again a member of the state legislature 1823-1824; reelected a United States Senator, and served from March 4, 1825, to March 3, 1831; died in Randolph, Vt., February 23, 1846. Chase, George William, a Representative from New York; born in the town of Maryland, N. Y.; attended the common schools; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853- March 3, 1855) ; died in Chaseville, Maryland town- ship, N. Y., April 17, 1867. Chase, Jeremiah Townley, a Delegate from Maryland; born in Baltimore, Md., in 1748; was a member of the committees of observation and corre- spondence in 1774; delegate in the Maryland con- vention of 1776; moved to Annapolis in 1779; mayor of Annapolis 1783; sat in the Continental Congress 1783-1784; member of the governor's council 1780-1784, and 1786-1788; an Anti-Federal- ist member of the convention of ratification in 1788; judge of the general court in 1789, and chief justice of the court of appeals until his resignation in 1824; died in Annapolis, Md., in 1828. Chase, Lucien B., a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Vermont August 9, 1817; moved to Clarksville, Tenn.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); died in Clarksville, Tenn., December 14, 1864. Chase, Salmon Portland, a Senator from Ohio; born in Cornish, N. H., January 13, 1808; student in the Cincinnati college, Ohio; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1826 ; taught school and studied law in Washington, D. C., and in 1829 was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Cin- cinnati, Ohio, in 1830; elected as a Whig to the Cincinnati city council in 1840; identified himself in 1841 with the Liberty Party, and was a partici- pant in its national conventions in Buffalo in 1843 and in Cincinnati in 1847; in 1848 member of the Free Soil national convention in Buffalo, which nominated Van Buren; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1849, to March 3, 1855; elected governor of Ohio in 1855 as a Free Soil Democrat and reelected in 1857 as a Republican; member of the national peace convention in 1868; elected to the United States Senate in 1860; took his seat March 4, 1861, but resigned the next day to become Secretary of the Treasury under Presi- dent Lincoln, which position he held until July 1, 1864, when he resigned; appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court December 6, 1864; presided at the impeachment trial of President Johnson, in 1868; died in New York City, May 7, 1873. Chase, Samuel, a Delegate from Maryland born in Somerset county, Md., April 17, 1741; studied law and practiced in Annapolis; member of the general assembly of Maryland, 1764-1784; sat in the Continental Congress, 1774, and reelected in 1776 ; sent on a special mission to Canada in 1774, to induce the Canadians to join in the revolution against Great Britain; signer of the Declaration of Independence; went to England in 1783, as agent for the state of Maryland, to recover the stock in the Bank of England which the state had pur- chased when a British colony; removed to Balti- more in 1786; judge of the Baltimore criminal court in 1788; appointed judge of the general court of Maryland in 1791, and appointed, in 1796, by President Washington, an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court; impeached in 1804 on charges of malfeasance in office five years previous, in the conduct of the trials of Fries and Callendar for sedition, and for a more recent ad- dress to a Maryland grand jury; tried by the Senate in 1805, and acquitted of all the charges March 5, 1805; resumed his seat upon the bench, and retained it until his death in Washington, D. C., June 19, 1811. Chase, Samuel, a Representative from New York; born in Cooperstown, N. Y. ; district attor- ney of Otsego county 1821-1829; elected as an Adams Democrat to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829). Chastain, Elijah. Webb, a Representative from Georgia; born in Pickens county, S. C., September 25, 1813; moved with parents to Habersham, Ga., in 1821, where he attended the common schools; was a captain and a colonel in the Seminole Indian war; located on a farm in Union county; read law in Ellijay, Ga., was admitted to the bar and practiced; served two terms in the state house of representatives and one term in the state senate; elected as a Union Democrat to the Thirty- second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); participated in the Civil War as a colonel of Confederate troops; died in Murray county, Ga., April 9, 1874. Chaves, Jose Francisco, a Delegate from the Territory of N e w Mexico ; born in Padillas, N . Mex. , June 27, 1833 ; attended schools in St. Louis, Mo.; studied medicine at the New York college of phy- sicians and surgeons ; engaged in business in the Territory of New Mexico; major of the first New Mexico infantry in the Union army; president of the council of the legislative assembly of the Ter- ritory for seven sessions; promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel; elected as a Republican a Dele- 542 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. gate to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1871); died in Pinos Wells, N. Mex.Ter., November 26, 1904. Cheadle, Joseph Bonaparte, a Representative from Indiana; born in Perrysville, Vermilion county, Ind., August 14, 1842; entered Asbury as a student, but upon the organization of the seventy- first Indiana volunteers enlisted as a private in company K, and served until the close of the war; returned home, and entered upon the study of law, and was graduated from Indianapolis law college in 1867; began practice in Newport, Ind., and con- tinued until November, 1873, when he entered upon newspaper work; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); died in Frankfort, Ind., May 28, 1904. Cheatham, Henry Plummer, a Representa- tive from North Carolina; born in Granville, N. C., December 27, 1857; attended public and private schools; was graduated from Shaw university in 1882; elected register of deeds of Vance county; read law; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1893); recorder of deeds for the District of Columbia in Washington, D. C.; moved to Oxford, N. C., and became supreintendent of the orphan asylum for colored children. Cheatham, Richard, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Springfield, Tenn., February 20,1799; pursued preparatory studies; member of the state legislature 1825-1833; member of the state constitutional convention of 1834; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); again elected to the state leg- islature; -died in Springfield, Tenn., September 9, 1845. Cheney, Person Colby, a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Holderness (now Ashland), N. H., February 25, 1828; attended the common schools; engaged in the manufacture of paper; member of the New Hampshire legislature 1853; quartermaster of the thirteenth regiment, but was forced to resign on account of ill health; state railroad commissioner 18641867; moved to Man- chester in 1867; elected mayor in 1871; governor of New Hampshire 1875-1876 and 1876-1877; ap- pointed as a Republican United States Senator, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Austin F. Pike, and served from November 24, 1886, to June 14, 1887; died in Dover, N. H., June 19, 1901. Chesnut, James, jr., a Senator from South Carolina; born near Camden, S. C., January 18, 1815; was graduated from Princeton college; member of the state house of representatives 1842-1852, and of the state senate 1854-1858; was a member of the Nashville convention of 1850; elected as a States Right Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Josiah J. Evans, and served from December 3, 1858, until he retired in anticipation of the se- cession of South Carolina, November 10, 1860; formally expelled July 11, 1861; delegate from South Carolina in the Confederate Provisional congress in 1861; colonel in the Confederate army, and aid-de-camp on the staff of Jefferson Davis in 1861; appointed brigadier general in 1864, and assigned to the command of a brigade on the coast of South Carolina; member of the Democratic national convention of 1868, which nominated Seymour and Blair; died in Camden, S. C., Feb- ruary 1, 1885. Chetwood, William, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Elizabeth town, N. J., June 17, 1771; was graduated from Princeton college in 1792; studied law and practiced; member of the state council of New Jersey; was a major of militia in the Whisky Rebellion of 1794; elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Philemon Dickerson, and served from December 5, 1836, to March 3, 1837; resumed the practice of law; died in Elizabethtown, N J December 16, 1857. Cheves, Langdon, a Representative from South Carolina; born on Rocky River, Abbeville district, S. C., September 17, 1776; moved with his father to Charleston in 1786; studied law, and in 1797 ad- mitted to the bar; commenced practice in Charles- ton; member of the general assembly in 1808 and state attorney general the same year; elected to the Eleventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by resig- nation of Robert Marion; reelected to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses, and served from January 24, 1811, to March 3, 1815; was Speaker during the second session; resumed the practice of law; elected law judge in December, 1816; elected president of the Bank of the United States March 6, 1819; chief commissioner of claims under the treaty of Ghent; practiced in Philadelphia and Lancaster, but in 1830 returned to South Carolina, and engaged in agricultural pursuits; delegate in the Southern con- vention in Nashville in 1850,. and in the Southern convention in Columbia, in 1852; died in Colum- bia, S. C., June 25, 1857. Chickering, Charles Addison, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Harrisburg, Lewis county, N. Y., November 26, 1843; attended the common schools and Lowville academy; member of the assembly 1879 to 1881; elected clerk of the assembly in 1884 and reelected in 1885-1890; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, Fifty- fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1893, until his death in New York City, February 13, 1900. Chilcott, George Miles, a Delegate from the Ter- ritory of Colorado, and a Senator from Colorado; born in Huntingdon county, Pa., January 2, 1828; moved with his parents to Jefferson county, Iowa, in 1844; studied medicine until 1850; elected sheriff of Jefferson county in 1853; removed to the Ter- ritory of Nebraska in 1856, and elected the same year to the Territorial legislature as a Republican; went to the Territory of Colorado in 1859; member of the territorial legislature 1861-1862; was admit- ted to the bar in 1863, and appointed register of the United States land office, and served four years; elected as a Republican a Delegate to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry M. Teller, and served from April 11, 1882, to January 27, 1883; died in St. Louis, Mo., March 6, 1891; interment in Pueblo, Colo. Childs, Robert Andrew, a Representative from Illinois; born in Malone, Franklin county, N. Y., March 22, 1845; settled near Belvidere, Boone county, 111., in 1852; enlisted in Gen. Stephen A. Hurlbut's company, which subsequently became a part of the fifteenth Illinois infantry volun- teers, and served throughout the war; after his discharge from the army, entered school, and was graduated from the Illinois state normal uni- versity in 1870; principal and superintendent of the public schools in Amboy in 1871, 1872, and BIOGRAPHIES. 543 1873; entered upon the practice of law in Chicago in July, 1873; settled in Hinsdale, a sulmrb of Chicago; held various local offices; was presidential elector in 1884; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Chicago, retaining his residence in Hinsdale, 111. Childs, Thomas, jr., a Representative from New York; elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857). Childs, Timothy, a Representative from New York; born in Pittsfield, Mass., in 1785; moved to Rochester, N. Y.; was graduated from Williams college in 1811; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Rochester, N. Y. ; district attorney of Monroe County 1821-1831; member of the state house of representatives in 1828 and 1833; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); reelected to the Twenty -fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); again elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); died in Santa Cruz, N. Mex. Ter., No- vember 8, 1847. Chilton, Horace, a Senator from Texas; born in Smith county, Tex., December 29, 1853; ap- prenticed himself as a printer, and afterwards pub- lished a weekly newspaper; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Tyler, Tex.; delegate at large from Texas in the Democratic national convention in St. Louis in 1888; served one term as assistant attorney general of Texas; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John H. Reagan, and served from June 10, 1891, to March 23, 1892; reelected to the United States Senate in 1894, and served from March 4, 1895, to March 3, 1901; resumed the practice of law in Dallas, Tex. Chilton, Samuel, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Warrentpn, Va., September 7, 1804; studied law and practiced in Warrenton; member of the state house of representatives for several terms; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, ISSSyMarch 3, 1837); was a del- egate to the state constitutional convention; died in Warrenton, Va., January 14, 1867. Chilton, Thomas, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Garrard county, Ky., July 30, 1798; attended the common schools in Paris, Ky . ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Qwingsville, Bath Connty, Ky.; member of the state legislature; moved to Elizabeth town, Ky.; elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831) ; reelected to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); presidential elector in 1833; moved to Ala- bama and resumed the practice of law; converted and was pastor of a church in Hppkinsville, Ky . ; president of the Alabama Baptist state conven- tion in 1841; abandoned the practice of law and became general agent of the Alabama convention; pastor of churches in Montgomery, Greensborough, and Newbern, Ala.; moved to Houston, Tex., in 1851, arid served as pastor of a Baptist church; died in Montgomery, Tex., August 15, 1854. Chinn, Joseph W., a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Nuttsyille, Va.; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835^ -died in Richmond, Va., December 5, 1840. Chinn, Thomas W., a Representative from Louisiana; born in Kentucky; moved to Baton Rouge, La.; held several public offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839 r March 3, 1841) ; appointed by President Taylor minister to the Two Sicilies, and served from June 5, 1849, until October of the same year, when he resigned. Chipman, Daniel, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Salisbury, Conn., October 22, 1763; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1788; studied law and commenced practice in Poultney, Vt., 1790-1794; moved to Middlebury; member of the state house of representatives for several terms, from 1798-1808, 1812-1814, 1818, and 1821; served four years as speaker; member of the gov- ernor's council in 1808; elected as a Federalist to the Fourteenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1815, to May 5, 1816, when he resigned: was a mem- ber of the state constitutional conventions of 1793, 1814, 1836, 1843, and 1850; removed to Ripton, Vt., in 1828, and continued to practice law; died in Ripton, Vt., April 23, 1850. Chipman, John Logan, a Representative from Michigan; born in Detroit, Mich., June 5, 1830; attended the schools of that city, and the University of Michigan 1843-1845; engaged in the Lake Supe- rior region as explorer for the Montreal Mining Co. in 1846; admitted to the bar in 1854; assistant clerk of the state house of representatives of Michigan in 1853; city attorney of Detroit 1856-1861; elected to the Michigan legislature in 1863; attorney of the police board of Detroit 1865-1879; judge of the supe- rior court of Detroit May 1, 1879, and reelected at the end of six years; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1887, until his death in Detroit, Mich., August 17, 1893. Chipman, John S., a Representative from Mich- gan; born in Vermont; was graduated from Mid- dlebury college in 1823; moved to Centerville, Mich., where he held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847). Chipman, Nathaniel, a Senator from Vermont; born in Salisbury, Conn., November 15, 1752; served for a time as a lieutenant in the Revolu- tionary War; fought at Monmouth and was at Valley Forge during the memorable winter of 1776; was graduated from Yale college in 1777; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1779, and commenced practice in Tinmouth, Vt., April 10, 1779; member of the general assembly of the state 1784-1785; elected a judge of the state supreme court in 1786 and chosen chief justice in 1789; appointed judge of the United States district court in 1791 and served until 1794; was again elected chief justice of the state supreme court in 1796; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Isaac Tichenor, and served from October 17, 1797, until March 3, 1803; was again a member of the state legislature 1806-1811; chief justice of the state 1813-1815; died in Tinmouth, Vt., February 15, 1843; the state of Vermont caused a monument to be erected to his memory that was dedicated October 3, 1873. Chipman, Norton Parker, a Delegate from the District of Columbia; born in Milford Center, Ohio, 544 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. March 7, 1836; attended the public schools; moved to Iowa in 1845 and entered Washington college; afterwards attended the law school in Cincinnati; returned to Washington, Iowa, and commenced the practice of law; entered the Union Army; commissioned major of the second Iowa infantry September 23, 1861; colonel April 17, 1862; brevet brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, "for meritorious service in the bureau of military justice;" mustered out November 30, 1865; settled in Washington, D. C.; appointed secretary of the territorial government of the District of Columbia at its organization; elected as a Republican a Dele- gate from the District of Columbia to the Forty- second and Forty- third Congresses (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1875); moved to California in 1876, and engaged in the lumber business; member of the California state board of trade, and its president for thirteen years; appointed a commissioner of the supreme court of California in April, 1897 ; presiding justice of the district court of appeals, third district, in 1905; elected to the judgship in 1906, and allotted the twelve-years term; a resident of Sacramento, Cal. Chittenden, Martin, a Representative from Vermont; born in Salisbury, Conn., March 12, 1769; moved with his parents to Williston, Vt., in 1776; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1789 ; delegate to the state convention that ratified the Federal Constitution; elected clerk of Chitten- den county in 1790; member of the state house of representatives 1790-1796; judge of the Chitten- den county court 1793-1795 and chief justice 1796- 1803; elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1803- March 3, 1813); governor of Vermont 1813-14; judge of probate 1821-1823; died in Williston, Vt., September 5, 1840. Chittenden, Simeon Baldwin, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Guilford, Conn., March 29, 1814; attended Guilford academy; moved to New York in 1843, where he engaged in business; vice president of the New York chamber of commerce 1867-1869; presidential elector in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third, Forty- fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1881); died in Brooklyn, N. Y., April 14, 1889. Chittenden, Thomas Cotton, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Stockbridge, Mass., August 30, 1788; moved to Adams, Jefferson County, N. Y., studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; judge of Jefferson county 1840- 1845; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); died in Watertown, N. Y., August 22, 1866; interment in Adams, N. Y. Choate, Rufus, a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Essex, Mass., October 1, 1799; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1819; studied law and commenced practice in Danvers in 1823; member of state house of repre- sentatives in 1825 and state senator in 1826 ; moved to Salem in 1828; elected as a W T hig to the Twenty- second and Twenty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1831, to June 30, 1834, when he re- signed; removed to Boston in 1834; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Daniel Webster, and served from February 23, 1841, to March 3, 1845; delegate in the Whig national convention in Baltimore in 1852; member of the state constitutional convention of 1853; attorney general of Massachusetts in 1853; died in Halifax, Nova Scotia, July 13, 1859. Chrisman, James Stone, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Monticello, Ky., Septem- ber 14, 1818; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1849; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); representative from Kentucky in the first and second Confederate congresses; died in Monti- cello, Ky., July 29, 1881. Christiancy, Isaac Peckham, a Senator from Michigan; born in Johnstown, N. Y., March 12, 1812; attended the Johnstown, and Ovid academies; studied law; moved to Monroe, Mich., in 1836, was admitted to the bar, and soon afterwards com- menced practice; prosecuting attorney for Monroe county 1841-1846; delegate in the Buffalo conven- tion of 1848; state senator 1850-1852; was a prime mover in the organization of the Republican party in 1854; delegate in the first Republican national convention in Philadelphia in 1856; editor and proprietor of the Monroe Comniercial in 1857; elected a judge of the supreme court of Michigan in 1857, and reelected in 1865, and 1873; chief justice in 1872; was elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1875, to Febru- ary 10, 1879, when he resigned owing to ill health; United States minister to Peru 1879-1881; died in Lansing, Mich., September 8, 1890. Christie, Gabriel, a Representative from Mary- land; born in that state; elected to the Third, Fourth, and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1801). Churchill, John Charles, a Representative from New York; born in Mooers, N. Y., January 17, 1821; attended Plattsburg academy and Burr seminary, Vermont, and was graduated from Middlebury col- lege, Vermont, in 1843; studied law, and in 1847 admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Oswego, N. Y.; member of the board of education of Oswego city from 1853 to 1856, and of the board of supervisors of Oswego county, 1854 and 1855; district attorney from 1857 to 1860; judge of Oswego county from 1860 to 1864; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); delegate in the Repub- lican National convention in 1876; a Presidential elector 1880; appointed associate justice of the supreme court of New York, to fill a vacancy, January 17, 1881; was subsequently elected, and served until the expiration of term by age limit, December 31, 1891. Churchwell, William Montgomery, a Rep- resentative from Tennessee; born near Knoxville, Tenn., February 20, 1826; pursued preparatory studies; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; one of the judges for Knox county; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); was colonel in the Confederate army; provost marshal for the district of East Tennessee; during the administration of President Buchanan was sent on a secret mission to Mexico; died in Knoxville, Tenn., August 18, 1862. Cilley, Bradbury, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Nottingham, N. H., February 1, 1760; attended the public schools; elected on the Peace ticket, headed by Daniel Webster to the Thirteenth Congress; reelected as a Federalist to the Fourteenth Congress, and served from March 4, BIOGRAPHIES. 545 1813, until March 3, 1817; was an aid-de-camp to Gov. Gillman; died in Nottingham, N. H., Decem- ber 17, 1831. Cilley, Jonathan, a Representative from Maine, born in Nottingham, N. H., July 2, 1802; was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1825; studied law, and in 1829 commenced practice in Thorn- aston, Me. ; editor of the Thomaston Register 1829- 1831; member of the state house of representatives 1832-1837, served as speaker for two years; elected as a Van Buren Democrat to the Twenty -fifth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1837, to February, 24, 1838, when he was killed in a duel in Bladens- burg, Md., near Washington, D. C., by William Graves, a Representative from Kentucky. Cilley, Joseph, a Senator from New Hamp- shire; born in Nottingham, N. H., January 4, 1791; completed preparatory studies in Atkinson academy; commissioned ensign in the eighteenth New Hampshire regiment October 17, 1811; in the eleventh United States infantry March 12, 1812; lieutenant in the twenty-first infantry March 7, 1814; resigned June 30, 1816, with brevet rank of captain; quartermaster of New Hampshire in 1817; division inspector in 1821; aid-de-camp to Gov. Benjamin Pierce in 1827; elected as a Demo- crat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Levi Woodbury, and served from June 13, 1846, until March 3, 1847; retired to his farm near Nottingham, N. H., and died there September 16, 1887.- Claflin, Wilh'am, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Milford, Mass., March 6, 1818; attended the public schools and Brown university; engaged in the shoe and leather business in St. Louis, Mo., and afterwards in Boston; member of the state house of representatives 1849-1852, and of the state senate 1860-61, served the last year as president of the senate; member of the Repub- lican national executive committee 1864-1875, served as chairman 1868-1872; lieutenant governor of Massachusetts 1866-1868; governor of Massa- chusetts 1869-1871; elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); died in Newton, Mass., January 5, 1905. Clagett, Clifton, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Portsmouth, N. H., December 3, 1762; studied law and commenced practice in Litchfield in 1787; appointed judge of probate for Hillsboro county in 1810, and moved to Amherst; representative from Litchfield in the legislature for several years, and from Amherst in 1816; elected 'to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805) ; appointed a justice of the peace and quorum in 1808; appointed a judge of the supreme court in 1812; again elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March3, 1821); appointed judge of probate August 5, 1823, and held the office until his death in Amherst, N. H., January 29, 1829. Clagett, William Henry, a Representative from Montana; born in Upper Marlboro, Md., September 21, 1838; studied law and afterwards practiced; moved to Nevada; member of the legislature of Nevada in 1862-63, and 1865; moved to Montana and was elected as a Republican to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died in Spokane, Wash., in 1900. Claiborne, John, a Representative from Vir ginia; born in Brunswick county, Va., in 1777; pursued academic studies and was graduated from 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 35 the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1798, and practiced; elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1805, until his death in Brunswick county, Va,, October 9, 1808. Claiborne, John Francis Hamtramck, a Rep- resentative from Mississippi; born in Natchez, Miss., April 24, 1809; attended school in Virginia; studied law and admitted to the bar in 1825; member of the state legislature for several years; moved to Madisonville, Miss.; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); claimed to have been reelected to the Twenty-fifth Congress and the House admitted him to a seat October 3, 1837, but subsequently declared the seat vacant; served to January 31, 1838; editor of the Natchez Free Trader until 1844; moved to New Orleans, La., and was editor successfully of the Jeffersonian, the States- man, and the Louisiana Courier; appointed United States timber agent for Louisiana and Mississippi in 1853; returned to his estate "Dunbarton," near Natchez, Miss., and died there, May 17, 1884. Claiborne, Nathaniel Herbert, a Represen- tative from Virginia; born in Chesterfield, Va., November 14, 1767; received a liberal schooling; member of the state house of delegates for several terms; an executive councilor; elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty- second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1837); died in Rockymount, Va., August 15, 1859. Claiborne, Thomas, a Representative from Virginia; born in Brunswick county, Va., in 1749; was sheriff of Brunswick county 1789-7192; colonel commanding the Brunswick county militia in 1789; member of the Virginia house of delegates 1784-1786; elected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1799); elected to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1805); died in Bruns- wick county, Va., in 1812. Claiborne, Thomas, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Brunswick county, Va.; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817- March 3, 1819). Claiborne, Wilh'am Charles Cole, a Repre- sentative from Tennessee and a Senator from Louisiana; born in Virginia; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, and commenced prcatice in Nashville, Tenn.; delegate in the state constitu- tional convention; elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1801); ap- pointed governor of Mississippi in 1801, and of the newly-acquired Territory of Louisiana in 1804; governor of Louisiana 1812-1816; elected as a Democrat from Louisiana to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1817, until his death, before the assembling of Congress, in New Orleans, La., November 23, 1817. Clancy, John Michael, a Representative from N^ew York; born in Queens county, Ireland, May 7, 1837; emigrated with his parents to New York; attended the public schools of Brooklyn; engaged in real estate business; served as an alderman of the city of Brooklyn 1868-1875; member of the state assembly 1878-1881; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1895); died in Butte, Mont., while returning from Yellowstone Park, July 25, 1903; interment in Brooklyn, N. Y. 546 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Clapp, Asa William Henry, a Representative from Maine; born in Portland, Me., March 6, 1805; was graduated from the military academy in Norwich, Vt., in 1823; engaged in business; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); died in Portland, Me., March 22, 1891. Clapp, Moses Edwin, a Senator from Minne- sota; born in Del phi, Ind.,May21, 1851; moved with his parents to Hudson, Wis. , in 1857 ; after attending the common schools, was graduated from the Wis- consin law school in 1873; elected county attorney of St. Crpix county, Wis., in 1878; moved to Fergus Falls, Minn., in 1881, and resided there until 1891; elected attorney general of Minnesota in 1887, 1889, and 1891, and made St. Paul his permanent home in 1891; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate January 23, 1901, to fill vacancy occasioned by the death of Cushman K. Davis, and took his seat January 23, 1901 ; reelected in 1905, and again in 1911, the term expiring March 3, 1917. Clardy, John Daniel, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Smith county, Term., August 30, 1828; went with his parents to Christian county, Ky., in 1831; was graduated from Georgetown col- lege, Kentucky, in 1848; studied medicine and was graduated from the medical department of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania in 1851; practiced for a number of years; elected to represent Christian county in the constitutional convention in 1890; appointed and served as one of the state commis- sioners to the Columbian exposition at Chicago in 1893; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); retired, and a resident of Hopkinsville, Ky. Clardy, Martin Linn, a Representative from Missouri; born in Ste. Genevieve county, Mo., April 26, 1844; attended the St. Louis university and the University of Virginia; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Farm- ington, Mo.; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1889); resumed the practice of law in Farmington, Mo. Clark, Abraham, a Delegate and Representa- tive from New Jersey; born near Elizabethtown, N. J., February 15, 1726; studied law, afterwards practiced in Rahway ; sheriff of Essex county; clerk of the provincial assembly; sat in the Continental Congress 1776-1778, 1780-1782, and 1787-1788; a signer of the Declaration of Independence; dele- gate to the conventions of 1786 and 1787; member of the state assembly 1782-1787; elected to the Sec- ond and Third Congresses and served from March 4, 1791, until his death, in Rahway, N. J., Septem- ber 15, 1794. Clark, Alvah Augustus, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Lebanon, N. J., September 13, 1840; prepared for college, studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in November, 1864; counselor in February, 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); resumed the practice of law; died in Somerville, N. J., December 27. 1912. Clark, Ambrose Williams, a Representative from New York; born near Cooperstpwn, N. Y., Feb- ruary 19, 1810; attended the public schools; pub- lisher of the Otsego Journal 1831-1836; of the Northern Journal in Lewis county 1836-1844, and of the Northern New York Journal at Water- town 1844-1860; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses; served from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865; appointed consul at Valparaiso by President Lin- coln and served from 1865 to 1869; in 1869 acted as charg6 d'affaires in Chile in the absence of the minister; died in Watertown, N. Y., October 13, 1887. Clark, Amos, jr., a Representative from New Jersey; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., November 8, 1827; engaged in business in New York City, with resi- dence in Elizabeth, where he was largely inter- ested in real estate; member of city council of Elizabeth in 1865-66; state senator 1866-1869; presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 4, 1875); retired, and a resident of Norfolk county, Mass., but re- taining business interests in Elizabeth, N. J. Clark, Champ, a Representative from Missouri; born near Lawrenceburg, Anderson county, Ky., March 7, 1850; attended common schools and Ken- tucky university; was graduated from Bethany col- lege in 1873, and from the Cincinnati law school in 1875; president of Marshall college, W T est Virginia, 1873-1874; edited a country newspaper and prac- ticed law; moved to Bowling Green, Pike county, Mo., in 1876; deputy prosecuting attorney and prosecuting attorney; member state legislature 1889-1890; presidential elector on the Hancock ticket in 1880; delegate to Trans-Mississippi con- gress at Denver in May, 1891 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); elected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty- seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911); minority leader of the House of Representa- tives in the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress, and elected its Speaker. Clark, Charles Benjamin, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Theresa, Jefferson county, N. Y., August 24, 1844; attended a common school; moved to Wisconsin in 1855, and settled in Neenah; engaged in manufacturing; enlisted in company I, twenty-first Wisconsin volunteer infantry at its organization, and served with the same during the war; held various minor local offices; elected a member of the assembly for 1885; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); died in Wa- tertown, N. Y., September 10, 1891. Clark, Charles Nelson, a Representative from Missouri; born in Cortland county, N. Y., August 21, 1827; attended Hamilton college, N. Y.; moved to Illinois in 1859; when the war broke out he assisted in raising a company of cavalry, which was made company G, third Illinois cavalry, Au- gust 6, 1861, and went directly in to service; became disabled and left the Army in 1863 and located in Hannibal Mo., in April, 1865; became interested in the Mississippi river bottom lands in Illinois and undertook their reclamation; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895- March 3, 1897). Clark, Christopher, a Representative from Virginia; born in Albemarle county, Va., in 1767; studied law and practiced; member of the state legislature for several terms; elected as a Jeffer- sonian Democrat to the Eighth Congress, to filJ BIOGRAPHIES. 547 vacancy caused by the death of John Trigg; re- elected to the Ninth Congress and served from No- vember 5, 1804, to July 1, 1806, when he resigned ; died near New London, Va., November 21, 1828. Clark, Clarence Don, a Representative and a Senator from Wyoming; born in Sandy Creek, Os- wego county, N. Y., April 16, 1851; attended the common schools and the Iowa state university; was admitted to the bar in 1874; taught school and practiced law in Delaware county, Iowa, until 1881; moved to Evanston, Wyo.; prosecuting at- torney for Uinta county four years ; member of the state constitutional convention; delegate to the Republican national conventions of 1888, 1900, 1904, 1908, and 1912; declined the position of as- sociate justice of the territory of Wyoming in 1890; upon the admission of the state of Wyo- ming into the Union was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress; reelected to the Fifty- second Congress, and served from December 1, 1890, to March 3, 1893; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Fifty-third Congress; elected Jan- uary 23, 1895, to the United States Senate for the term commencing March 3, 1893, to fill vacancy caused by the failure of the legislature to elect in 1892; reelected in 1899, 1905, and again in 1911 for the term ending March 4, 1917. Clark, Daniel, a Senator from New Hampshire; bora in Stratham, N. H., October 24, 1809; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1834; studied law and in 1837 commenced practice in Epping, N. H.; became a resident of Manchester in 1839; member of the state legislature 1842, 1843, 1846, 1854, and 1855; elected United States Senator as a Republican to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Bell; reelected and served from June 27, 1857, to July 27, 1866, when he resigned; President of the Senate pro tempore, April 26 and February 9, 1864; appointed July 27, 1866, United States district judge, which office he held until his death; president of the New Hampshire constitutional convention in 1876; died in Manchester, N. H., January 2, 1891. Clark, Daniel, a Delegate from the Territory of Orleans; elected a Delegate to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, and served from December 1, 1806. to March 3, 1809. Clark, Ezra ; jr., a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Brattleboro, Vt., September 12, X813; moved to Hartford, Conn., with his parents in 1819; attended public schools, and was taken into business as a partner with his father on attaining his majority; was a member of the common council and the board of aldermen, and for a time was judge of the municipal court; held many other local offices; elected as an American Republican to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); died in Hartford, Conn., Sep- tember 26, 1896. Clark, Frank, a Representative from Florida; born in Eufaula, Ala., March 28, 1860; attended the common schools of Alabama and Georgia; studied law and was admitted to practice in Fairhaven, Ga., August 3, 1881; in 1884 moved to Florida, and served three terms in the legislature of that state; assistant United States attorney and United States attorney for the southern district of Florida; chairman of the Democratic state committee; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty -second Congress. Clark, Franklin, a Representative from Maine; born in Wiscasset, Me., August 2, 1801; attended the public schools; engaged in business in Wiscas- set, Me.; member of the state house of representa- tives; an executive councilor in 1855; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847- March 3, 1849); died in Brooklyn, N. Y., August 24, 1874. Clark, Henry Selby, a Representative from North Carolina; born near Leechville, Beaufort county, N. C., September 9, 1809; attended the common schools and was graduated from the Uni- versity of North Carolina in 1828; studied law, was admitted to \he bar, and commenced practice in Washington, N. C.; member of the state house of commons 1834-1836; solicitor for the district in 1842; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); moved to Greenville, N. C., and resumed the practice of law; died in Greenville, N. C., January 8, 1869; interment at his country home near Leechville, N.C. Clark, Horace Francis, a Representative from New York; born in Southbury, Conn., November 29, 1815; was graduated from Williams college in 1833; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in New York City in 1837, where he was prominent in financial, political, and railroad circles; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); director in the New York & Harlem railroad and later president of the Union Pacific, the Michigan Southern, and numer- ous other railroads; a director of as many more; was active manager of the Western Union tele- graph company, and president of the Union Trust company; died in New York City June 19, 1873. Clark, James, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Bedford county, Va., January 16, 1757; moved with his parents to Clark county, Ky.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Winchester, Ky., in 1797; member of the state house of representatives for several terms; appointed judge of the court of appeals in 1810; elected as a Clay Democrat to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses and served from March 4, 1813, until 1816, when he resigned; judge of the circuit court 1817-1824; reelected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1831); elected governor of Kentucky in 1836; died in Frankfort, Ky., August 27, 1839. Clark, James West, a Hepresentative from North Carolina; born in Bertie county, N. C., Octo- ber 15, 1779; was graduated from Princeton college in 1797; member of the house of commons of North Carolina in 1802, 1803, and 1811; presidential elector on the Madison ticket in 1812; member of the state senate in 1812, 1813, and 1814; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); appointed chief clerk of the Navy Department by Secretary Branch in 1829- 1831; died in Tarboro, N. C:, in December, 1843. Clark, John Bullock, a Representative from Missouri; born in Madison county, Ky., April 17, 1802; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Fayette, Mo., in 1824; clerk of the Howard county courts 1824-1834; commanded a regiment of Missouri mounted volun- teers in the Black Hawk War in 1832; commis- 548 CONGKESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. eioned major general of militia in 1848; member of the state house of representatives 1850-1851; commander of the state force called out to expel the Mormons from Missouri; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty- seventh Congresses and served from March 4, 1857, until he withdrew; formally expelled July 13, 1861 ; served as a Senator from Missouri to the First Confederate congress and as a Representative in the Second Confederate congress; brigadier general of Missouri Confederate state troops; died in Fay- ette, Mo., October 29, 1885. Clark, John Bullock, jr., a Representative from Missouri; born in Fayette, Mo., January 14, 1831; attended the common schools; entered Missouri university; studied law, and was graduated from the law department of Harvard university at Cam- bridge, Mass., in 1854; practiced law from 1855 until the commencement of the Civil War, when he entered the Confederate army as a lieutenant; promoted successively to be captain, major, colonel and brigadier general; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forth-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1883); clerk of the national House of Representatives 1883-1889; died in Washington, D. C., September 7, 1903. Clark, John Chamberlain, a Representative from New York; born in Connecticut March 8, 1793; was graduated from Williams college in 1811; moved to Bainbridge, Chenango county, N. Y.; elected a member of the state assembly in 1826; district attorney 1823-1827; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress but changed his politics on the appearance of President Van Buren's message in 1837; re- elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Whig, and served from March 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; First Auditor of the Treasury from August 2. 1849, to October 31, 1849; died in Bainbridge, N.' Y., in 1852. Clark, Lincoln, a Representative from Iowa; born in Con way, Franklin county, Mass., August 9, 1800; was graduated from Amherst college in 1825; studied law and commenced practice in Pickens county, Ala., in 1831; member of the state house of representatives in 1834, 1835, and 1845; moved to Tuscaloosa in 1836; appointed attorney general in 1839; appointed circuit judge in 1846; removed to Dubuque, Iowa, in 1848; presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; elected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); resumed the practice of law in Chicago, 111.; appointed United States register in bankruptcy in 1866; returned to Con way, Mass., in 1869; died there September 16, 1886. Clark, Lot, a Representative from New York; born in Hillsdale, Columbia county, N. Y., May 23, 1788; moved with parents to Otsego county in 1796; pursued academic studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar June 11, 1816, and practiced in Norwich, N. Y., and later in Lockport; was projector of first wire cable bridge over the Niagara chasm; was commissioner of the United States land office in Lockport many years; district attorney of Chenango county 1822-1823; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); again served as district attorney of Che- nango county 1828-1836; died in Buffalo, N. Y., December 18, 1862. Clark, Robert, a Representative from New York; born in Delaware county, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives in 1813 and 1815; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); member of the state con- stitutional convention of 1821; died September 14, 1821. Clark, Rush, a Representative from Iowa; born in Schellsburg, Bedford county, Pa., October 1, 1834; attended the common schools, the academy in Ligonier, Pa., and was graduated from Jefferson college in 1853; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1853, and commenced practice in Iowa City, Iowa; member of the general assembly of Iowa, 1860-1864 and served as Speaker in 1863- 1864; was on the staff of the governor of Iowa 1861-1862, and aided in the organization of vol- unteers regiments from Iowa; trustee of Iowa university, 1862-1866; reelected to the general assembly of Iowa in 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress; reelected to the Forty- sixth Congress and served from March 4, 1877, until his death in Washington, D. C., April 29, 1879. Clark, Samuel, a Representative from New York and a Representative from Michigan; born in Cayuga county, N. Y., in January, 1800; was graduated from Hamilton college, N. Y.; was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice of law in Waterloo, N. Y., in 1826; elected from New York to the Twenty-third Congress as a Demo- crat (March 4, 1833-March 4, 1835); moved to Kalamazoo, Mich., in 1842; elected from Michigan to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853- March 3, 1855); died in Kalamazoo, Mich., Octo- ber 2, 1870. Clark, Samuel Mercer, a Representative from Iowa; born in Van Buren county, Iowa, October 11, 1842; attended a public school and Des Moines Valley college for one year; studied law; admitted to the bar in June, 1864 ; editor of the Keokuk ' ' Gate City " for 31 years; delegate to Republican national conventions of 1872, 1876, and 1880; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); died in Keokuk, Iowa, August 11, 1900. Clark, William, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Dauphin, Pa., February 18, 1774; went to Crawford county, Pa., early in life; was associate judge of Crawford county 1803-1818, participated in the War of 1812; brigade inspector western district of Pennsylvania; was on board the flagship St. Lawrence in her first engagement with the British fleet on Lake Erie; secretary of the Pennsylvania land office 1818-1821; treasurer of the state of Pennsylvania 1821-1827; Treasurer of the United States June 4, 1828, to November, 1829; elected as a Whig to the Twenty -third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 4, 1837); died in Dauphin, Pa., March 28, 1851. Clark, William Andrews, a Senator from Mon- tana; born near Connellsville, Fayette county, Pa., January 8, 1839; attended the common schools; moved to Iowa in 1856, and studied law in Mount Pleasant, Iowa; worked in the quartz mines around Central City, Colo., in 1862, and went to Montana in 1863; major of a battalion that pursued Chief Joseph and his band in the Nez Perces invasion of 1877; president of the constitutional convention of the state in 1884; president of the second constitu- tional convention in 1889; extensively engaged in BIOGRAPHIES. 549 banking, mining, manufacturing, and other busi- ness enterprises; elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat January 28, 1899; a memorial was filed in the Senate asking that the election be investigated and a resolution was reported April 23, 1900, to the effect that the election was void; re- signed May 11, 1900, while the resolution was pending; reelected in November, and on January 16, 1901, was reelected for a full term; took his seat March 4, 1901, and served until March 3, 1907; personally superintended his extensive mining, banking, and railroad interests in Butte, Mont., with offices and winter residence in New York City. Clark, William Tecumseh, a Representative from Texas; born in Norwalk, Conn., June 29, 1834; attended schools in Connecticut and in New York City; studied law in New York, and in 1855 moved to Iowa and commenced practice; served in the Union Army; first lieutenant and adjutant of the thirteenth Iowa infantry, November 2, 1861; cap- tain and assistant adjutant general March 6, 1862; major and adjutant general November 24, 1862; lieutenant colonel and assistant adjutant general, assigned, February 10, 1863, to April 22, 1865; brevet brigadier general of volunteers July 22, 1864, "for gallant and distinguished service at the battle of Atlanta, Ga."; major general November 24, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious services during the war"; mustered out February 1, 1866; engaged in business in Galveston, Tex.; postmaster of Gal- veston during the first Grant administration, 1869- 1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and to the Forty-second Congresses, and served from March 4, 1869, to May 13, 1872, when he was suc- ceeded by De Witt C. Giddings, who contested his second election; died in New York City, October 12, 1905. Clarke, Archibald Smith, a Representative from New York; born in Prince George county, Md., in 1788; attended grammar and high schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Niagara county; member of the state as- sembly from July, 1808, to July, 1811; surrogate from March, 1808, to May, 1812; member of the state senate, 1813-1816; moved to Ellicottville, Cattaragus county in 1814; member of the state senate from July 1812 to July 1816; elected to the Fourteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Peter B. Porter, and served from December 2, 1816, to March 3, 1817; died in Clar- ence, N. Y., December 4, 1821. Clarke, Bayard, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, March 17, 1815; was graduated from Geneva college in 1835; studied law and was admitted to practice; attache to Gen. Cass, minister to France, 1836-1840; student in the Royal cavalry school; appointed second lieuten- ant in the eighth infantry, March 3, 1841; trans- ferred to the second dragoons in September, 1841, and resigned December 15, 1843; settled in West- chester county, N. Y.; elected as an American Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855- March 3, 1857); died in the Adirondacks, N. Y., June 21, 1884. Clarke, Beverly Leonidas, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Winterfield, Chesterfield county, Va., February 11, 1809; moved to Ken- tucky in 1823; studied law in Franklin, Ky., and was graduated from the Lexington law school in 1831; was admitted to the bar in 1833, and began practice in Franklin, Ky.; member of the state house of representatives in 1841 and 1842; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1849; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); member of the state constitutional convention of 1849; defeated as the Democratic nominee for governor in 1855; appoint- ed by President Buchanan minister to Guatemala, and was also accredited to Honduras, served from January 7, 1858, until his death in Guatemala, C. A., March 17, 1860; interment in Frankfort, Ky. Clarke, Charles Ezra, a Representative from New York; born in Saybrook, Conn., April 8, 1790; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Yale college; studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Watertown, N. Y.; moved to Great Bend, N. Y., in 1840; member of the state house of representa- tives 1839-40; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); died in Great Bend, N. Y., December 29, 1863. Clarke, Daniel, a Delegate from Orleans Terri- tory; a resident of New Orleans; elected a Dele- gate to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses and served from December 1, 1806, to March 3, 1809. Clarke, Frank Gay, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Wilton, N. H., Septem- ber 10, 1850; attended Kimball Union academy, Meriden, N. H., and Dartmouth college; admitted to the bar in 1876, and practiced law in Peterborp; member of the state house of representatives in 1885, of the state senate in 1889; reelected to the former in 1891, and chosen speaker of that body; appointed colonel on the military staff of Gov. Hale, and served in that capacity from 1885 to 1887; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901); died in Peterboro, N. H., January 9, 1901. Clarke, Freeman, a Representative from New York; born in Troy, N. Y., March 22, 1809; completed academic studies; engaged in mercan- tile business in 1837; began his financial career as cashier of the Bank of Orleans, Albion, N. Y.; moved to Rochester, N. Y., in 1845; became di- rector and president of numerous banks, railroads, telegraph and trust companies of Rochester and New York City; in 1852 was a delegate to the Whig national convention; in 1854 was vice president of the first Republican state convention pi New York; presidential elector in 1856; appointed Comp- troller of the Currency in 1865; member of the State constitutional convention of 1867; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); reelected to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); died in Rochester, N. Y., June 24, 1887. Clarke, James P., a Senator from Arkansas; born in Yazoo City, Yazoo county, Miss., August 18, 1854; attended the common schools and several academies in Mississippi; studied law and was graduated from the University of Virginia in 1878; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Helena, Ark., in 1879; elected to the house of representatives of Arkansas in 1886; member of the state senate 1888-1892, and served as president of that body in 1891 and ex officio lieutenant governor; was elected attorney general of Arkan- sas in 1892 and declined a renomination ; elected governor of Arkansas in 1894; moved to Little Rock, Ark., and resumed the practice of law; 550 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and took his seat March 4, 1903; reelected in 1909 for the term ending March 3, 1915. Clarke, John Blades, a Representative from Kentucky; born near Augusta, Bracken county, Ky., April 14, 1833; attended the preparatory schools of Augusta; studied law, and in 1854 was ad- mitted to the bar; attorney of Bracken county 1858- 1862; elected to the state senate in 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in Brooksville, Bracken county, Ky., May 23, 1911. Clarke, John Hopkins, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Elizabeth, N. J., April 1, 1789; was Saduated from Brown university in 1809; studied w, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Providence in 1812; clerk of the su- preme court of Providence county in 1813; engaged in manufacturing in Cranston, R. I., until 1824, when he became a manufacturer in Providence; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1847, to March 3, 1853; died in Providence, R. I., November 23, 1870. Clarke, Reader Wright, a Representative from Ohio; born in Bethel, Ohio, May 18, 1812; learned the art of printing; studied law and practiced; published a Whig paper in Shawneetown, 111., for a few years, but returned to Batavia, Ohio; member of the Ohio legislature in 1840, 1841-42; presiden- tial elector in 1844; clerk of the court of Cler- mont county 1846-1852; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); appointed by President Grant Third Auditor of the Treasury and served from March 26, 1869, to March 26, 1870; appointed collector of internal revenue in Ohio; died in Ba- tavia, Ohio, May 23, 1872. Clarke, Richard Henry, a Representative from Alabama; born in Marengo county, Ala., February 9, 1843; was graduated from the University of Ala- bama in July, 1861; served in the Confederate army as lieutenant in the first battalion of Ala- bama artillery; admitted to the bar in 1867; state solicitor (prosecuting attorney) for Marengo county, 1872-1876; prosecuting attorney of the seventh judicial circuit 1876-77^; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1897); died in St. Louis, Mo., September 26, 1906. Clarke, Sidney, a Representative from Kansas; born in Southbridge, Mass., October 16, 1831; at- tended the public schools; publisher of the South- bridge Press; went to Kansas; served in the state legislature in 1862; captain and assistant provost marshal general in the Civil War; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1871) ; was speaker of the Kansas house of representatives in 1879; moved to Oklahoma and served several terms in the territorial council; died in Oklahoma City, June 18, 1909. Clarke, Staley Nichols, a Representative from New York; born in Prince George county, Md., May 29, 1794; county treasurer of Cattaragus county, 1824-1841; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); declined renomination; died in Ellicott- ville, N. Y., October 14, 1860. Clarkson, Matthew, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania; born in New York City in April, 1733; moved to Philadelphia, Pa.; was justice of the court of common pleas, quarter sessions of the peace, and the Philadelpha orphans' court 1771- 1772; was elected to the Continental Congress in 1785, but did not accompany the other Pennsyl- vania delegates to New York, and may not have served; alderman in 1789: mayor of Philadelphia 1792-1796; died in Philadelphia, Pa., October 5, 1800. Clawson, Isaiah Dunn, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Woodstown, N. J., March 30, 1822; was graduated from Princeton college, 1840; studied medicine and was graduated from the medical school of the University of Pennsylvania in 1843; commenced practice in Woodstown, N. J.; member of the state house of representatives in 1853; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); died in Woodstown, N. J., October 9, 1879. Clay, Alexander Stephens, a Senator from Georgia; born in Cobb county, Ga., September 25, 1853; attended the primary and preparatory schools and the high school of Palmetto, Ga.; was graduated from Hiawassee college in 1875; studied law and admitted to the bar in September, 1877, and practiced; member of the city council in 1880 and 1881; represented Cobb county in the general assembly of the state in 1884-85 and 1886-87; in the latter term was speaker pro tempore; reelected for 1889-90. and served as speaker two years; elected to the state senate in 1892 and was presi- dent of that body two years; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; reelected in 1902 and 1907 and served from March 4, 1897, until his death in Atlanta, Ga., November 13, 1910. Clay, Brutus Junius, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Madison county, Ky., July 1, 1808; attended Danville college; member of the state house of representatives in 1840 and 1860; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); after his retirement from Congress devoted himself to agricultural pur- suits; died near Paris, Ky., October 8, 1878. Clay, Clement Comer, a Representative and a Senator from Alabama; born in Halifax county, Va., December 17, 1789; moved with parents to a farm near Knoxville, Tenn., when a child; at- tended the public schools and was graduated from the East Tennessee university in 1807 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1809; in 1811 moved to Huntsville, Ala., where he commenced practice; served in the war against the Creek Indians in 1813; member of the territorial council of Alabama in 1817-18; elected a judge of the circuit court in 1819, and chief justice in 1820; resigned in 1823; member of the state legislature in 1827 and was speaker of the lower house; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); governor of Alabama 1836-37; elected United States Senator to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of John McKinley, and served from September .4, 1837, until 1841, when he resigned; judge of the supreme court in 1843; codi- fied the laws of Alabama 1842-43; died in Hunts- ville, Ala., September 9, 1866. Clay, Clement Claiborne, a Senator from Ala- bama; born in Huntsville, Ala., in December, 1817; was graduated from the University of Alabama in 1834; studied law at the University of Virginia, and BIOGKAPHIES. 551 was graduated in 1839; commenced practice in Huntsville, Ala., in 1840; member of state house of representatives in 1842, 1844, and 1845; judge of the county court of Madison county 1846-1848; presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat in 1853, and unanimously reelected in 1859; served from March 4, 1853, to January 21, 1861, when, with four of his colleagues, he with- drew from the Senate; his seat was declared vacant by resolution of March 14, 1861 (special session of the Senate) ; member of the Confederate senate 1861-3863; appointed a diplomatic agent of the Confederacy; arrested and imprisoned in Fort Monroe in 1865; settled on his plantation, Jackson county, Ala., and devoted himself to agriculture and to the practice of law; died in Hunstville, Ala., Januarys, 1882. Clay, Henry, a Representative and a Senator from Kentucky; born in Hanover county, Va., April 12, 1777; attended public schools, and studied law in Richmond, Va. ; admitted to the bar in 1797, and commenced practice in Lexington, Ky.; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1803 ; elected a United States Senator to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of John Adair; served from November 19, 1806, to March 3, 1807; again a member of the state house of representatives 1808- 1809, and served as speaker the last year; again elected United States Senator to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Buckner Thruston, and served from January 4, 1810, to March 3, 1811; elected a Representative to the Twelfth and Thir- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1815); was Speaker of the Ho use from November 4, 1811, to January 19, 1814, when he resigned; appointed one of the commissioners to negotiate a treaty of peace with Great Britain; reelected to the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Congresses, and served as Speaker from December 4, 1815, until October 28, 1820, when he resigned; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825) ; was Speaker from December 1, 1823, until the end of the Con- gress; appointed by President John Quincy Adams Secretary of State and served from March 7, 1825 to March 3, 1829; again elected to the United States Senate; reelected, and served from March 4, 1831, to March 31, 1842, when he resigned; defeated as the Whig candidate for President by Andrew Jackson in 1832, and again by James K. Polk in 1844; again elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1849, until his death in Washington, D. C., June 29, 1852. Clay, James Brown, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Washington, D. C., November 9, 1817; attended Transylvania university; clerk in a countinghouse in Boston 1832-1834; studied law at the Lexington law school, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; charge 1 d'affaires to Portugal from August 1, 1849, to July 19, 1850; resident of Mis- souri 1851-1852; returned to Kentucky; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); member of the peace confer- ence of 1861; identified himself with the Confed- eracy; died in Montreal, Canada, January 26, 1864. Clay, James Franklin, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Henderson, Ky., October 29, 1840; was graduated from Georgetown college, Kentucky in June, 1860; licensed to practice law June, 1862; elected to the state senate August, 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); resumed the practice of law in Henderson, Ky. Clay, Joseph, a Delegate from Georgia; born in Beverly, Yorkshire, England, October 16, 1741; came to Savannah, Ga., in 1760 and engaged in a general commission business; elected a member of the council of safety June 22, 1775; delegate to the Provincial Congress which met in Savannah July 4, 1775; major in the Georgia line of the army; appointed by the Continental Congress as deputy paymaster general in Georgia with rank of colonel August 6, 1777; member of the Continental Con- gress 1778-1780; original trustee of Franklincollege in Athens, Ga. ; elected treasurer of Georgia in July, 1782; judge of the United States court for the dis- trict of Georgia 1796-1801; died in Savannah, Ga., November 15, 1804. Clay, Joseph, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., July 24, 1769; elected to the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Con- gresses; served from March 4, 1803, to 1808, when he resigned to become cashier of the Farmers' and Mechanics' bank of Philadelphia; died in Phila- delphia, Pa., August 27, 1811. Clay, Matthew, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Halifax county, Va., March 25, 1754; served in the Revolutionary War from 1776 to 1783 as a lieutenant and quartermaster; elected as a Democrat to the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1813); died in Halifax county, Va., 1815. Clayton, Augustine Smith, a Representative from Georgia; born in Fredericksburg, Va., No- vember 27, 1783; moved with his parents to Rich- mond county, Ga., in 1784; was graduated from Franklin college in 1804; studied law and com- menced practice in Franklin county; moved to Athens; selected by the legislature in 1810 to com- pile the statutes of Georgia from 1800; member of the state legislature and served in both houses; elected a judge of the superior court in 1819-1825, and 1828-1831; elected as a State's Rights Demo- crat to the Twenty-second Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Wilson Lumpkin ; re- elected to the Twenty-third Congress and served from January 21, 1832, to March 3, 1835; died in Athens, Ga., June 21, 1839. Clayton, Bertram Tracy, a Representative from New York; born in Clayton, Ala., October 19, 1862; attended the University of Alabama and was graduated from the United States military acad- emy June, 1886, and appointed a second lieutenant in the eleventh United States infantry; served until April 30, 1888, then resigned to go into busi- ness as civil engineer in Brooklyn; mustered into United States volunteer service as captain of troop C, New York volunteers, May 20, 1898, and served through the Porto Rican campaign; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); an officer in the United States Army; quartermaster and disbursing officer United States military academy, West Point, N. Y. Clayton, Charles, a Representative from Cali- fornia; bom in Devonshire, England, October 5, 1825; attended the public schools; emigrated to Wisconsin in 1842; went to Oregon in 1847 and in 1848 to San Francisco, Cal.; alcalde in Santa Clara 1849-1850; built the Santa Clara flour mills in 1852; removed to San Francisco in 1853; engaged in the grain and flour business; member of the state legis- 552 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. lature in 1863-1866; member of the board of super- visors of San Francisco, Cal., 1864-1869; appointed surveyor of customs of the port and district by President Grant March 16, 1870; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1875); member of the California assembly; State prison director 1881-1882; died in Oakland, Cal., October 4. 1885. Clayton, Henry De Lamar, a Representative from Alabama; born in Barbour county, Ala., February 10 1857; was graduated from the literary and law departments of the University of Ala- bama; served one term in the Alabama legislature in 1890; United States district attorney from May, 1893, to October, 1896; Democratic presidential elector in 1888 and 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Clayton, John Middleton, a Senator from Delaware; born in Dagsboro, Sussex county, Del., July 24, 1796; pursued preparatory studies at academies in Berlin, Md., and Milford, Del., and was graduated from Yale college in 1815; studied law at the Litchfield law school; admitted to the bar in 1819 and commenced practice in Dover; member of the state house of representatives in 1824; secretary of state of Delaware; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1829; reelected in 1835, and served from March 4, 1829, to December 29, 1836, when he resigned; chief justice of Delaware 1837-1839; again elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1845, until February, 1849, when he resigned; appointed Secretary of State by President Taylor and served from March 7, 1849, to July 22, 1850; reelected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1853, until his death in Dover, Del., November 9, 1856. Clayton, Joshua, a Senator from Delaware; born at Bohemia Manor, Cecil county, Md . , July 20, 1744 ; studied medicine in Philadelphia and prac- ticed in Middletown, Del.; in 1776 was first major in the Bohemia battalion of the Maryland line and was aide on the staff of Gen. Washington at the battle of Brandy wine; delegate in the Provincial Congress 1782-1784; elected a member of the state assembly in 1785 and 1787; judge of the court of appeals; elected state treasurer June 24, 1786; president of Delaware from May 30, 1789, to Janu- ary 13, 1793; first governor of Delaware and served from January 13, 1793, to January 13, 1798; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Vining and served from January 19, 1798, until his death near Middletown, Del., August 11, 1798; interment in Bethel ceme- tery, Cecil county, Md. Clayton, Powell, a Senator from Arkansas; born in Bethel, Delaware county, Pa., August 7, 1833; attended the common schools and Partridge military academy, Bristol, Pa.; studied civil engineering in Wilmington, Del., and practiced in Leaven worth, Kans.; city engineer in 1857; entered the Union Army in Kansas May 29, 1861, as captain in the first Kansas infantry; appointed lieutenant colonel of the fifth Kansas cavalry December 28, 1861, and colonel March 7, 1862; commissioned brigadier general August 1, 1864; mustered out August 24, 1865; moved to Arkansas and became a planter; elected governor in 1868; elected United States Senator as a Republican and served from March 14, 1871, to March 3, 1877; took up his residence in Little Rock, Ark.; member of Republican national committee and attended the Republican national conventions from 1872 to 1896; appointed ambassador to Mexico in 1898; retired, and a resident of Washington, D. C. Clayton, Thomas, a Representative and a Senator from Delaware; born in New Castle, Del., March 9, 1778; studied law and practiced in New Castle; secretary of state of Delaware in 1808; state attorney general in 1810; elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); member of the state legislature for several years; elected a United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Caesar A. Rodney, and served from January 8, 1824, to March 3, 1827; chief jus- tice of the court of common pleas of Delaware in 1828; chief justice of the superior court of the state in 1832; reelected to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John M. Clayton, and served from January 9, 1837, to March 3, 1847; died in New Castle, Del., August 21, 1854. Clemens, Jeremiah, a Senator from Alabama ; born in Huntsville, Ala., December 28, 1814; was graduated from the University of Alabama in 1833 ; studied law at the Transylvania university and was admitted to the bar in 1834; practiced in Hunts- ville; appointed United States district attorney for the northern district of Alabama in 1838; member of the state house of representatives, 1839- 1841; raised a company of riflemen in 1842, and served in the Texas War of Independence; again a member of the state house of representatives, 1843^14; served in the Mexican War and appointed major of the thirteenth United States infantry March 3, 1847; promoted to lieutenant colonel of the ninth United States infantry July 16, 1847; ap- pointed chief of the depot of purchases in Mexico in 1848; elected a United States Senator as a Demo- crat, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Dixon H. Lewis, and served from November 30, 1849, to March 3, 1853; presidential elector in 1856 and 1860; moved to Memphis, Tenn., and became editor of the Memphis Eagle and Enquirer, January 1, 1859; member of the convention in which Alabama voted to secede from the Union in 1861; held office under the Confederacy; returned to Alabama, and died in Huntsville, May 21, 1865. Clemens, Sherrard, a Representative from Virginia; born in Wheeling, Va., April 28, 1820; attended Washington college and the United States military academy; studied law and commenced practice in Wheeling; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of George W. Thompson, and served from December 6, 1852, to March 3, 1853; presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breck- inridge ticket in 1856; elected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); served in the Confederate army and at its close resumed the practice of law in Wheeling, W. Va.; moved to St. Louis, Mo., and continued the practice of law; died in St. Louis, Mo., June 30, 1881. Clements, Andrew Jackson, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Jackson county, Tenn., in 1832; attended the public schools; studied medi- cine; was graduated from the University of Tennes- see in 1858 and commenced practice in Lafayette; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-seventh Con- BIOGRAPHIES. 553 gress and served from January 13, 1862, to March 3, 1863; member of the state house of representatives in 1866. Clements, Isaac, a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Franklin county, Ind., March 31, 1837; was graduated from the Indiana Ashbury university at Greencastle in 1859; studied law in Greencastle; moved to Illinois and taught school; entered the Union Army as second lieutenant of Company G, ninth Illinois infantry, in July, 1861; remained in the service over three years; was twice promoted; appointed register in bankruptcy in June, 1867; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); appointed a United States penitentiary commissioner in 1877; pension agent in 1890; a resident of Normal, 111., in 1899; governor of the National home for disabled volun- teer soldiers, Danville, 111.; died while serving at the home, May 31, 1909; interment in the National home cemetery. Clements, Judson Claudius, a Representative from Georgia; born in Walker county, Ga., Febru- ary 12, 1846; attended the schools of that county, also the department of law, Cumberland university, at Lebanon, Tenn.; admitted to the bar and began practice in 1869 in Lafayette, Ga. ; elected a repre- sentative to the general assembly of Georgia in 1872 and 1874; state senator in 1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, .Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1891); member of the In- terstate Commerce Commission, with residence in Washington, D. C. Clements, Newton Nash, a Representative from Alabama; born in Tuscaloosa county, Ala., De- cember 23, 1837 ; was graduated from the University of Alabama in 1858; entered Harvard university, Cambridge, Mass., 1859; studied law but never practiced; entered the Confederate army in 1861 as captain in the twenty-sixth Alabama regiment, afterwards the fiftieth Alabama regiment; suc- cessively promoted major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel; member state house of representatives 1870-1872, 1874-1878; elected speaker of the house in 1876, 1877, and 1878; largely interested in plant- ing and cotton manufactures; elected to the Forty- sixth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Burwell B. Lewis, and served from Decem- ber 8, 1880, to March 3, 1881; died in Tuscaloosa, Ala., February 20, 1900. Clendenen, David, a Representative from Ohio; a citizen of Trumbull county; assistant dis- trict paymaster, United States army, from April to December, 1814; elected to the Thirteenth Con- gress, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Reazin Beall; reelected to the Fourteenth Con- gress, and served from December 22, 1814, to March 3, 1817. Cleveland, Chauncey Pitch, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Canterbury, Conn., Feb- ruary 16, 1799; attended the public schools; studied law and in 1819 was admitted to the bar; elected in 1826 to the state legislature and served 12 years; speaker in 1836, 1838, and 1863; appointed attorney for the state in 1832; state bank commissioner in 1838; in June, 1841, moved to Norwich, Conn.; governor 1842-43; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853) ; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1856 and 1860; presidential elector on the Lincoln and Hamlin ticket in 1860; member of the peace conference in 1861; speaker of the state assembly in 1863, and a^ain a member of the assembly in 1866; died in Hampton, Conn., June 6, 1887. Cleveland, Jesse P., a Representative from Georgia; born in Decatur, Ga.; elected as a Union Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); moved to Charleston, S. C., in 1839 and engaged in busi- ness; died in Charleston, S. C., May 19, 1841. Cleveland, Orestes, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Duanesburg, Schenectady county, N. Y., March 2, 1829; attended the com- mon schools; engaged in business in New York City and was afterwards a manufacturer in Jersey City; elected alderman in 1861 and president of the board in 1862; mayor in 1864, 1865, and 1866;-elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); again elected mayor of Jersey City in 1884, 1888, and 1890; died in Norwich, Vt., March 30, 1896. Clever, Charles P., a Delegate from New Mex- ico Territory; born in Cologne, Prussia, February 23, 1830; attended the Gynnasium of Cologne and the University of Bonn; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Santa Fe, N. Mex.; held several territorial offices; presented credentials as a member elect to the Fortieth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1867 to February 20, 1869, when he was succeeded by J. Francisco Chaves, who contested his election; died in Tome, N. Mex., in 1874. Clifford, Nathan, a Representative from Maine; born in Rumney, N. H., August 18, 1803; was graduated from Dartmouth college; studied law and commenced practice in York county in 1827; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1830-1834; speaker the last two years; moved to Maine and was attorney general 1834- 1838 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and the Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1843); Attorney General of the United States and served from October 17, 1846, to March 17, 1848; commissioner to Mexico, with the rank of envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary, from March 18, 1848, to September 6, 1849; resumed the practice of law in Portland, Me.; appointed as- sociate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States January 28, 1858, and served until his death in Cornish, Me., July 25, 1881. Clift, Joseph Wales, a Representative from Georgia; born in North Marshfield, Mass., Septem- ber 30, 1837; attended the common schools and Phillips academy, Exeter, N. H.; was graduated from the medical school of Harvard college in 1862; immediately entered the Union Army and Was acting surgeon from July 13, 1862, to August?, 1865; served in the Army of the Potomac until November 18, 1866; practiced, medicine in Savannah, Ga. ; ap- pointed registrar of the city of Savannah by Maj. Gen. Pope under the reconstruction acts; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress and served from July 25, 1868, to March 3, 1869; died in Rock City Falls, N. Y., May 2, 1908; interment in North Marshfield^ Mass. Clinch, Duncan Lament, a Representative from Georgia; born in Edgecombe county, N. C., April 6, 1787; entered the United States Army as first lieutenant of the third infantry July 1, 1808, and attained the rank of brigadier general in 1829; 554 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. commanded at the battle of Ouithlacoochee, against the Seminole Indians, December 31, 1835; resigned September 21, 1836, and settled on a plantation near St. Marys, Ga.; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John Millen; served from February 15, 1844, to March 3, 1845; died in Macon, Ga., November 27, 1849. Cline, Cyrus, a Representative from Indiana; born in Richland county, Ohio, July 12, 1856; moved with his parents to Steuben county, Ind.; attended the Angola high school and was graduated from Hillsdale -college, Mich., in 1876; superin- tendent of schools of Steuben county 1877-1883; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Angola, Ind., in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Clingan, William, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania; born in Pennsylvania; sat in the Conti- nental Congress 1777-1779. Clingman, Thomas Lanier, a Representative and a Senator from North Carolina; born in Hunt- ersville, N. C., July 27, 1812; was graduated from the university of North Carolina in 1832; studied and practiced law; elected to the state house of commons in 1835; moved to Asheville, Buncombe county, in 1836; elected a state senator in 1840; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); defeated for re- election; reelected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth, Thirty-first, Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty- fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses and served from March 4, 1847, to December 6, 1858, when he re- signed; appointed to the United States Senate as a Democrat to fill the vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Asa Biggs; was reelected and served from May 6, 1858, to January 21, 1861, when he with- drew; formally expelled from the Senate July 11, 1861; appointed May 17, 1862, brigadier general in the Confederate service and commanded a brigade composed of the eighth, thirty-first, fifty-first, and sixty-first North Carolina infantry; delegate to the Democratic national convention of 1868; ex- plored and measured mountain peaks and devel- oped mineral resources of several regions; died in an asylum in Morganton, N. C., November 3, 1897. Clinton, De Witt, a Senator from New York; born in Napanock, Ulster county, N. Y., March 2, 1769; was graduated from Columbia college in 1789; studied law and admitted to practice; private secre- tary to his uncle, Gov. George Clinton, 1790-1795; member of the state house of representatives in 1797, and state senator 1798-1802; member of the state constitutional convention of 1801; elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Arm- strong, and served from February 9, 1802, to No- vember 11, 1803, when he resigned ; mayor of the city of New York 1803-1807; again state senator 1806-1811; again mayor of the city of New York 1810-11; lieutenant governor of New York 1811- 1813; defeated in 1812 as the peace candidate for President; regent of the university of New York 1808-1825; again mayor of the city of New York 1813-1814; initiated the Erie canal in 1815, and served several years as canal commissioner; gov- ernor of the state of New York 1817-1821 and 1825- 1828; declined the mission to England offered him by President Adams in 1825; died in Albany, N. Y., February 11, 1828. Clinton, George, a Delegate from New York; born in Little Britain, New Windsor, Ulster county, N. Y., July 26, 1739; completed prepara- tory studies; served as lieutenant of rangers in the expedition against Fort Frontenac; studied law and commenced practice in Ulster county; clerk of the common pleas and surveyor of New Windsor; member of the state assembly in 1768; sat in the Continental Congress from May 15, 1775, to July 8, 1776, when he was ordered by Gen. Washington to take the field as brigadier general of militia; appointed brigadier general by Congress March 25, 1777; governor of New York 1777-1795; delegate to the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution, and was its president; defeated as a State Rights candidate for the Vice Presidency in 1796; member of the state house of representatives in 1800; again governor 1801-1804; elected Vice President in 1804 as a States Rights Democrat; reelected in 1808; died in Washington, D. C., April 20, 1812. Clinton, George, jr., a Representative from New York; born in New York City; member of the state constitutional convention of 1801 ; mem- ber of the state assembly 1804-1805; elected to the Eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel L. Mitchill; reelected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, and served from Feb- ruary 14, 1805, to March 3, 1809. Clinton, James Graham, a Representative from New York; born in Newburgh, N. Y., Jan- uary 2, 1804; pursued classical studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Newburgh; held several public offices there; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845); died in Newburgh, N. Y., May 28, 1849. Clopton, David, a Representative from Ala- bama; born in Putnam county, Ga., September 29, 1820; was graduated from Randolph-Macon college; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1841; moved to Tuskegee, Ala., in 1844; elected as a States Rights Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1859, to January 21, 1861, when he retired; a private in the Confederate army in the twelfth Alabama infantry one year; elected a Representative to the First and Second Confederate congresses 1862-1864; appointed judge of the supreme court of Alabama October 30, 1884; died in Montgomery, Ala., February 5, 1892. Clopton, John, a Representative from Virginia; born in St. Peter's parish, Hanson county, Va., February 7, 1756; was graduated from the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania in 1776; was captain of a com- pany of militia in the Revolutionary War from the date of his graduation from the university until the close of the war without a furlough or a day's absence; refused promotions, to remain with his company that was mainly composed of relatives and that was furnished its supplies and clothing by his father; served several terms in the Virginia legislature between 1785 and 1795; elected as a Democrat to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1799); and to the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thir- teenth, and Fourteenth Congresses; served from March 4, 1801, until his death, in St. Peter's parish, Kent county, Va., September 11, 1816. Clover, Benjamin Hutchinson, a Represent- ative from Kansas; born near Jefferson, Franklin county, Ohio, December 22, 1837; attended the BIOGRAPHIES. 555 common schools; held many local offices; elected by the Fanners' Alliance to the Fifty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); died in Doug- las, Butler county, Kans., December 30, 1899 Clowney, William K., a Representative from South Carolina; born in Union county, S. C.; was graduated from the South Carolina college in 1818; studied law and began practice in Union ; commis- sioner in equity of South Carolina 1830-1833; elected as a Nullifier to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); reelected as a States Rights candidate to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839). Clunie, Thomas Jefferson, a Representative from California; born in St. Johns, Newfoundland, March 25, 1852; emigrated to California; returned to Maine, where he remained a few years, and then went back to California, where he afterwards re- sided; attended the public schools; studied law, and admitted to practice in Sacramento in 1870; elected to the legislature in 1875} delegate at large to the Democratic National convention at Chicago in 1884, and represented California Democrats on the committee on platform and resolutions; served one term in the state senate, 1887-1889; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); died in San Francisco, Cal., June 30, 1903; interment in Sacramento, Cal. Clymer, George, a Delegate and a Represent- ative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 16, 1739; engaged in business; captain of a volunteer company at the outbreak of hostili- ties with Great Britain, and member of the com- mittee of safety; sat in the Continental Congress 1776-1778 and 1780-1783; a signer of the Declara- tion of Independence; member of the state legisla- ture 1785-1788; delegate to the convention which framed the Federal Constitution in 1787; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); appointed collector of excise duties in 1791, but resigned after the Whisky Insurrection; one of the commissioners who negotiated a treaty with the Cherokees and the Creeks June 29, 1796; died in Morrisville, Pa., January 23, 1813. Clymer, Hiester, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Caernarvon township, Berks county, Pa., November 3, 1827; attended primary schools at Reading, and was graduated from Prince- ton college in 1847 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Berks county April 6, 1849, and prac- ticed there until 1851, when he removed to Potts- ville, Schuylkill county; returned to Reading in 1856; in January, 1860, he represented Berks county in the board of revenue commissioners of the state ; same year he represented his district in the Demo- cratic national convention at Charleston and Baltimore; member of the state senate from Octo- ber, 1860, until he resigned in March, 1866; de- feated as the Democratic candidate for governor in 1866; delegate to the Democratic national conven- tion in New York in 1868; president of the Demo- cratic state convention which met in Reading in May, 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1881); after his retirement from Congress was president of the Union Trust Co., of Philadelphia, and president of the Clymer Iron Co. ; died in Reading, Pa., June 12, 1884. Cobb, Amasa, a Representative from Wiscon- sin; born in Crawford county, 111., September 27, 1823; attended the public schools; went to Wis- consin Territory in 1842 and engaged in lead mining; served in the Mexican War as a private in the United States Army; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; district at- torney 1850-1854; member of the state senate 1855-1856; adjutant general 1855-1858; member of the state house of representatives 1860-1861, and served as speaker the last year; entered the Union Army as colonel of the fifth Wisconsin infantry July 12, 1861; colonel forty-third Wis- consin infantry September 29, 1864; brevet briga- dier general March 13, 1865, "for gallant and dis- tinguished services at the battles of Williamsburg and Goldin's farm, Va., and Antietam, Md."; mustered out June 24, 1865; elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1871); moved to Lincoln, Nebr., and became a justice of the supreme court of the state; died in Los Angeles, Cal., July 5, 1905. Cobb, Clinton Levering, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Elizabeth City, N. C., August 25, 1842; was graduated from the University of North Carolina; studied law, and in 1867 was admitted to practice; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1875); defeated for reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress; resumed the practice of law in Eliza- beth City, N. C., and died there April 30 ,1879. Cobb, David, a Delegate and a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Attleboro, Mass., September 14, 1748; was graduated from Harvard college in 1766; studied medicine in Boston, and afterwards practiced in Taunton, Mass.; member of the Provincial Congress in 1775; lieutenant colonel of Jackson's regiment 1777-78, serving in Rhode Island and New Jersey; was aid-de-camp on the staff of Gen. Washington; appointed major general of militia in 1786, and rendered conspicu- ous service during Shay's rebellion; judge of the Bristol county court of common pleas 1784-1796; speaker of the Massachusetts lower house 1789- 1793; elected as a Federalist to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795); moved to Maine in 1796 and devoted himself to agriculture; elected to the senate of Massachusetts from the eastern district of Maine in 1802 and served as president; elected to the state council in 1808; lieutenant governor in 1809; member of the board of military defense in 1812; chief justice of the Hancock county court of common pleas; returned to Taun- ton, Mass., in 18.17, where he died April 17, 1830. Cobb, George Thomas, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Morristown, N. J., October 13, 1813; received a limited schooling, entered the Dover iron works early in life, engaged in the manufacture of iron and amassed a fortune; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); became a Republican and as such was elected a state senator in 1865 and in 1868; was killed in an accident on the Chesapeake & Ohio railroad, at Jerry's Run, near White Sulphur Springs, Va., August 6, 1870. Cobb, Ho well, a Representative from Georgia; born in Granville, N. C., in 1770; moved to Georgia, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits; served in the United States Army as ensign and captain from 1793 to 1806; elected to the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, and served from March 4, 556 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1807 to 1812, when he resigned to accept a captain's commission in the United States Army; served through the War of 1812 ; after the war resigned and returned to his plantation in Georgia, where he died in 1820. Cobb, Howell, a Representative from Georgia; born in Cherry Hill, Ga., September 7, 1815; removed with his father to Athens, Ga., when a child; was graduated from Franklin college in 1834; studied law, and in 1836 commenced practice in Athens, Ga. ; chosen presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1836; solicitor general of the western judicial circuit of Georgia 1837-1841; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Con- resses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1851); served as peaker in the Thirty-first Congress; governor 1851- 1853; elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); secretary of the Treasury under President Buchanan, and served from March 6, 1857, until December 10, 1860, when he resigned; chairman of the convention of delegates from the seceded states which assembled in Montgomery, Ala., to form a Confederate government, February 24, 1861; appointed brigadier general in the Con- federate army February 13, 1862, and promoted major general September 9, 1863; surrendered at Macon, Ga., April 20, 1864; died in New York City, October 9, 1868. Cobb, James Edward, a Representative from Alabama; born in Thomaston, Upson county, Ga., October 5, 1835; attended the town schools; was graduated from Emory college, Oxford, Ga., in June, 1856; after being admitted to the practice of law moved to Texas in 1857; entered the Con- federate army in 1861 as lieutenant in company F, fifth Texas regiment, and served in the army of Northern Virginia until he was made prisoner at the Battle of Gettysburg; after his release located in Tuskegee, Ala., and practiced law until 1874; that year he was chosen one of the circuit judges of the state; reelected in 1880 and 1886; before qualifying under the last election he was elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1887, to April 21, 1896, when he was succeeded by Albert T. Goodwyn, who contested his election to the Fifty- fourth Congress; after leaving Congress he resumed the practice of law; member of the constitutional convention of Alabama in 1901; died in East Las Vegas, N. Mex., June 2, 1903. Cobb, Seth Wallace, a Representative from Missouri; born in Southampton county, Va., De- cember 5, 1838; attended the common schools; joined a volunteer company from his native county in 1861; served throughout the war in the Army of Northern Virginia; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1867 and engaged in business; president of the merchant's exchange in 1886; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1897); vice president of World's Fair, -St. Louis, in 1904; died in St. Louis, Mo., May 22, 1909. Cobb, Stephen Alonzo, a Representative from Kansas; born in Madison, Me.. June 17, 1833; at- tended the common schools; moved with his father to Minnesota in 1850 ; studied the languages and pre- pared for college; entered Beloit college in 1854, where he was a student for two years ; was graduated from Brown university in 1858; settled in Wyan- dotte, Kans., in 1859 and commenced the practice of law; entered the Army in 1862; captain and commissary sergeant of volunteers May 18, 1864; brevet major August 16, 1865, "for efficient and meritorious service;" mustered out September 23, 1865; mayor of Wyandotte 1862 and 1868; member of the state senate 1862, 1869, and 1870; speaker of the Kansas house of representatives in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died in Wyandotte (Kansas City), Kans., August 24, 1878. Cobb, Thomas Heed, a Representative from Indiana; born near Fayette, Lawrence county, Ind., July 2, 1828; attended Bloomington uni- versity; studied and practiced law in Bedford, Ind., from 1853 until 1867, when he moved to Vincennes; elected to the state senate from 1858 to 1866; Democratic candidate for elector in 1868; president of the Indiana state convention in 1876; delegate to the Democratic national convention at St. Louis which nominated Tilden and Hen- dricks in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1887); died in Vincennes, Ind., June 23, 1892. Cobb, Thomas W., a Representative and a Senator from Georgia; born in Columbia county, Ga., in 1784; pursued preparatory studies; studied law and practiced in Greensboro; elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817- March 3, 1821); reelected to the Eighteenth Con- gress, and before the expiration of his term was elected a United States Senator to fill vacancy caused by the death of Nicholas Ware, and served from November 4, 1824, to 1828, when he resigned; chosen a judge of the superior court of Georgia; died in Greensboro, Ga., February 1, 1830. Cobb, Williamson R. W., a Representative from Alabama; born in Rhea county, Tenn., June 8, 1807; moved with his father to Madison County, Ala., in 1809; attended the public schools; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1845- 1846; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth and to the six succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1847, until January 21, 1861, when he resigned; was killed by the accidental discharge of his pistol in Belief onte, Ala., November 1, 1864. Coburn, Frank Potter, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Hamilton, La Crosse county, Wis., December 6, 1858; attended the public schools; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Representative in 1888 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); defeated for reelection to the Fifty-third Congress; retired capitalist and resides in West Salem, Wis. Coburn, John., a Representative from Indiana; born in Indianapolis, Ind., October 27, 1825; was graduated from Wabash college in 1840; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice in Indianapolis; member of the state house of representatives in 1850; judge of the court of common pleas 1859-1861, when he resigned; served in the Union Army; colonel of the thirty- third Indiana infantry September 16, 1861 ; brevet brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war; " mustered out September 20, 1864; appointed the first secretary of Montana Territory in March, 1865, but resigned at once; elected judge of the fifth judicial circuit of Indiana in October, 1865, and resigned in July, 1866; elected as a Republican BIOGRAPHIES. 557 to the Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1875); appointed justice of the supreme court of Montana Territory by President Arthur, February 19, 1884, and served until December, 1885; re- turned to Indianapolis, Ind., and resumed the practice of law; died in Indianapolis, Ind., Janu- ary 28, 1908. Coburn, Stephen, a Representative from Maine; born in Bloomfield (now Skowhegan), Me., November 11, 1817; was graduated from Waterville college, Me., in 1839; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1845, and practiced in Skowhegan; was a member of the state board of education 1849- 1852; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Israel Washburn, jr., and served from January 2, 1861, to March 3, 1861; was drowned in Skowhegan, Me., July 4, 1882. Cochran, Alexander Gilmore, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Allegheny City, Pa., March 20, 1846; attended the public schools and Phillips academy, Andover, Mass. ; studied law in the Columbia law school, New York City; admitted to the bar in 1866, practiced in Allegheny- City; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1879, and continued the practice of law. Cochran, Charles Fremont, a Representative from Missouri; born in Kirksville, Adair county, Mo. ; resided in Atchison, Kans., from 1860 to 1885; attended the common schools; practical printer, newspaper man, and a lawyer; served four years as prosecuting attorney of Atchison county, Kans., and four years as a member of the Missouri senate; editor and publisher of the Atchison Patriot in 1868-69; admitted to the bar in 1873, and practiced law until 1885; editor of the St. Joseph (Mo.) Ga- zette; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1905); died in St. Joseph, Mo., 1907. Cochran, James, a Representative from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., February 11, 1769; was graduated from Columbia college; studied law and was admitted to the bar; commissioned major in the standing army by President John Adams; was elected to the Fifth Congress (March 4, 1797- March 3, 1799); state senator 1814-1817; moved to Oswego, N. Y., in 1826; postmaster of Oswego 1841- 1845; editor of the Oswego Democratic Gazette sev- eral years ; was regent of the University of the state of New York; died in Oswego, N. Y., November 7, 1848. Cochran, James, a Representative from North Carolina; born in North Carolina; attended the public schools; elected as a Democrat to the Elev- enth and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1813). Cochrane, Aaron Van Schaick, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Coxsackie, N. Y., March 14, 1858; attended the district school and Claverack academy, in Claverack, N. Y.; was graduated from Yale college in 1879; moved to Hudson and entered on the study and practice of law; police justice of Hudson 1887-1888; district attorney of Columbia county 1889-1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901); elected justice supreme court of New York for term ending in 1915. Cochrane, Clark Beaton, a Representative from New York; born in New Boston, N. H., May 31, 1815; moved to Montgomery county, N. Y.; was graduated from Union college in 1841; studied law and practiced in Schenectady, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives 1844 and 1845; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); moved to Albany, where he continued the practice of law; a delegate in the Republican national convention of 1864; member of the state house of representatives in 1866; died in Albany, N. Y., March 5, 1867. Cochrane, John, a Representative from New York; born in Palatine, N. Y., August 27, 1813; was graduated from Hamilton college in 1831; studied law and commenced practice in Palatine, Oswego, and Schenectady; moved to New York City in 1846 ; surveyor of the port of New York 1853- 1857; elected as a State Rights Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861) ; member of the Charleston-Bal- timore national convention; entered the Union Army as colonel of the sixty-fifth New York infantry June 11, 1861; brigadier general July 17, 1862; resigned February 25, 1863; president of the Cleve- land convention in 1864, which nominated him for Vice President on the ticket with Fremont for President; attorney general of New York 1863- 1865; delegate to the Liberal Republican national convention in 1872; appointed collector of internal revenue for the sixth district of New York in 1869; declined the position of United States minister to Uruguay and Paraguay tendered him by President Grant in 1889; died in New York City, February 7, 1898. Cocke, John, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Brunswick, Va., in 1772; went with his parents to Tennessee, where he attended the pub- lic schools; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1793, and practiced; member of the state senate and house of representatives for several years; speaker of the house in 1811 and 1837; served as major general of Tennessee Volunteers in the Creek War in 1813 and as colonel of a regiment of Tennes- see riflemen, under Gen. Jackson, at New Orleans; elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeeth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1827); devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; founded a school for deaf mutes in Knoxville, Tenn.; died in Rutledge, Tenn., February 16, 1854. Cocke, William, a Senator from Tennessee; bora in Amelia county, Va., in 1747; pursued preparatory studies ; studied law and practiced; in company with Daniel Boone explored the territory of east Tennessee and western Kentucky; in 1776 led four companies of Virginians against hostile Indians, and gave them a crushing defeat at Cocke's fort, Tenn. ; member of the house of burgesses and a colonel of militia; moved to Tennessee; in 1796 was elected one of the first United States Senators from Tennessee, and served from August 2, 1796, to March 3, 1797; was appointed his own successor, as there had been no election by the legislature, and served under this appointment from March 3, 1797, to September 26, 1797; was again ap- pointed and elected a United States Senator and served from March 28, 1799, to March 3, 1805; appointed judge of the first circuit in 1809; re- 558 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. moved to Mississippi and was elected to the state legislature in 1813; appointed by President Madi- son Indian agent for the Chickasaw Nation in 1814; died in Columbus, Miss., August 22, 1828. Cocke, William Michael, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Rutledge, Grainger county, Tenn., July 16, 1815; pursued classical studies (and was graduated from the East Tennes- see college in Knoxville; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar, and afterwards practiced in Rutledge and Nashville; member of the state as- sembly; was elected to the Twenty -ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); held many local and state offices; died in Nashville, Tenn., February 6, 1895. Cockerill, Joseph Randolph, a Representative from Ohio; born in Loudoun county, Va., January 2, 1818; moved to Adams county, Ohio, in 1837, and settled in Youngstown; attended the public schools; taught school; county surveyor in 1840; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in West Union, Ohio; clerk of the court of com- mon pleas; member of the general assembly; elected to the Thirty -fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); enlisted for the civil war and served as colonel of the seventieth Ohio volunteer infantry; brevetted brigader-general of volunteers, March 13, 1865; died in West Union, Ohio, October 23, 1875. Cockran, William Bourke, a Representative from New York; born in County Sligo, Ireland, February 28, 1854; was educated in France and in his native country; removed to America when seventeen years of age; soon after his arrival re- ceived the appointment of teacher in a private academy; principal of a public school in Westches- ter county, N. Y.; read law, and was admitted to the bar in 1876; a member of the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March3, 1889); member of the com- mission to revise the judiciary article of the consti- tution of the state of New York in 1890; elected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); at a special election held February 23, 1904, he was elected to the Fifty- eighth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of George B. McClellan, andreelected to the Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Congresses and served from March 9, 1904, to March 3, 1909; re- sumed the practice of law in New York City. Cockrell, Francis Marion, a Senator from Mis- souri; born in Johnson county, Mo., October 1, 1834; attended the common schools of his county; was graduated from Chapel Hill college, Lafayette county, Mo., in July, 1853; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1855, and practiced in W T ar- rensburg, Mo.; served in the Confederate army, rising from the rank of captain to that of brigade commander; appointed brigader-general July 18, 1863; captured at Fort Blakeley, Ala., April 9, 1865; paroled May 14, 1865; at the close of the Civil War returned the practice of law; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; reelected four times and served from March 4, 1875 until March 3, 1905; appointed Interstate Commerce Commissioner in 1905 by President Roosevelt, and served six years; in 1911 was appointed a United States commissioner to reestablish the boundary line between Texas and New Mexico. Cockrell, Jeremiah Vardaman, a Represent- ative from Texas; born in Johnson county, Mo., May 7, 1832; attended common schools and Chapel Hill college; went to California in 1849 and re- turned to Missouri in 1853; engaged in farming and read law prior to the Civil War; entered the Con- federate army and served through the war; settled in Grayson county, Tex., where he engaged in farming and' practiced law until 1882; moved to Jones county; appointed district judge in 1885, to which position he was elected in 1886 and reelected in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); engaged in stock raising in Jones county, Tex.; a resident of Abilene, Tex. Cocks, William Willets, a Representative from New York; born in Westbury, Long Island, N. Y., July 24, 1861; attended private schools and Swarthmore college; commissioner of highways of the town of North Hempstead in 1894, and re- elected; elected to the state senate in 1900; in 1903 elected member of the assembly; elected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); is a resident of Westbury, Long Island, N. Y. Codding', James Hodge, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Pike township, Bradford county, Pa., July 8, 1849; moved in 1854 to To- wanda, Pa. ; attended the Susquehanna collegiate institute, and in 1868 engaged in the hardware business; commenced the study of law in 1876, admitted to the bar in 1878, and practiced; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); moved to New York City in 1903; grand secretary general of the northern Masonic jurisdiction for the Scot- tish Rite bodies. Coffee, John, a Representative from Georgia; born in Prince Edward county, Va., December 3, 1782; received a good schooling; moved with his father to Hancock county, Ga., in 1800; member of the state legislature several years; general of state militia of Georgia during Indian war; cut road through the state of Georgia (called Coffee road) to carry munitions of war to Florida to fight the Indians; was a general during the War of 1812, and served with General Jackson at the battle of New Orleans; elected to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses and served from March 4, 1833, until his death near Jacksonville, Telfair county, Ga., September 25, 1836. Coffeen, Henry Asa, a Representative from Wyoming; born in Gallia county, Ohio, February 14, 1841; moved with his parents to the Wabash country in western Indiana; then to Champaign county, 111., in 1853; was graduated from the scien- tific department of Abingdon college (afterwards consolidated with Eureka college), Illinois; de- voted himself to teaching; member of the faculty of Hiram college, Ohio; moved to Sheridan, Wyo.; delegate for Wyoming in the World's Fair congress of bankers and financiers, at Chicago, in June, 1893; member of the constitutional convention, in 1889, that framed the constitution of the new state of Wyoming; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); resumed literary pursuits in Sheridan, Wyo. Coffin, Charles Dustin, a Representative from Ohio; born in Newburyport, Mass., September 9, 1805 ; moved with his parents to Columbiana county, Ohio; studied law, admitted to the bar in Septem- ber, 1823, and commenced practice in New Lisbon; clerk of the courts of Columbiana county in 1828; was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Andrew BIOGEAPHIES. 559 W. Loomis, and served from December 20, 1837, to March 3, 1839; moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1842, and resumed the practice of law; elected judge of the superior court in 1845, and served seven years; was appointed to the same position by Governor Denison in 1861; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, Febru- ary 28, 1880. Coffin, Charles Edward, a Representative from Maryland; born in Boston, Mass., July 18, 1841; attended the Boston grammar and high schools; moved to Maryland in 1863 and made his home in Muirkirk, Prince Georges county; took charge of the iron works there in 1865; elected to the house of delegates in 1884; elected a member of the state senate in 1890 and served four years; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Barnes Comp- ton; reelected to the Fifty-fourth Congress and served from December 3, 1894, to March 3, 1897; retired, and a resident of Muirkirk, Md. Coffin, Peleg, jr., a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Nan tucket, Mass., Novem- ber 3, 1756; completed academic studies; member state house of representatives 1783, 1784, and 1789; state senator 1785, 1786, 1790-1792, 1795-1796; elected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793- March 3, 1795); state treasurer and state senator 1797-1802; died in Boston, Mass., March 6, 1805. Coffroth, Alexander Hamilton, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Somerset, Somerset county, Pa., May 18, 1828; attended the public schools and Somerset academy; publishing a Democratic paper in Somerset for five years; studied law, admitted to the bar in February, 1851, and practiced; frequently a delegate to Demo- cratic state conventions, and was delegate to the Democratic national convention which assembled in Charleston and Baltimore in 1860; an assessor of internal revenue in 1867 ; a delegate to the Dem- mocratic national convention in Baltimore in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1867); reelected to the Forty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); resumed the practice of law in Somerset, Pa. ; died in Markle- ton, Pa., September 2, 1906. Coghlan, John M., a Representative from California; born in Louisville, Ky., December 8, 1835; moved with his parents to Illinois in 1847, and in 1850 emigrated to California; studied law and practiced in Suisun City; member of the California legislature 1865 and 1866; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died March 26, 1879. Cogswell, William, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Bradford, Mass., August 23, 1838; attended Phillips academy, Andover, Mass., and entered Dartmouth college August 23, 1855; was graduated from the Dane law school, Harvard university, in 1860; lawyer by profession; mayor of the city of Salem, Mass., in 1867, 1868, 1869, 1873, and 1874; member of the state house of represent- atives 1870-71, 1881-1883, and member of the state senate 1885-86; served in the Union Army; captain second Massachusetts infantry May 11, 1861; lieutenant colonel October 23, 1862; colonel June 25, 1863; brevet brigadier general of volun- teers December 15, 1864; mustered out July 24, 1865; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty- fourth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1887, until his death in Washington, D. C., May 22, 1895. Coit, Joshua, a Representative from Connecti- cut; born in New London, Conn., October 7, 1758; was graduated from Harvard college in 1776; studied law, and in 1779 commenced practice in New London; member of the state house of repre- sentatives for several years; elected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1793, until his death in New London, Conn., September 5, 1798. Coke, Richard, a Senator from Texas; born in Williamsburg, Va., March 13, 1829; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1849; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1850; moved in 1850 to Waco, McLennan county, Tex., and practiced his profession; served in the Confederate army as private and afterwards as captain; appointed dis- trict judge in June, 1865; elected judge of the state supreme court in 1866; after serving one year was removed by Gen. Sheridan as "an impedinent to reconstruction;" resumed the practice of law; elected governor in December, 1873, reelected in February, 1876; resigned December 1, 1877; elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat in 1877; reelected in 1883, and in 1889, and served from March 4, 1877, to March 3, 1895; died in Waco, Tex., May 14, 1897. Coke, Richard, jr., a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Williamsburg, Va., about 1804; completed preparatory studies; was graduated from Williams and Mary college; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Gloucester county, Va. ; elected as a Jackson Demo- crat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833); died on his estate, "Abingdon," in Gloucester county, Va., March 30, 1851. Colcock, William Ferguson, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Beaufort, S. C., November 4, 1804; was graduated from South Carolina college in 1823; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Graham- ville, S. C.; member of the state house of repre- sentatives several years and served two years as speaker; collector of the port of Charleston pre- vious to and during the Civil War; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849; March 3, 1853); mem- ber of the Democratic national convention held in Charleston in 1860; died in McPhersonville, S. C., June 13, 1889. Golden, Cadwallader David, a Representative from New York; born in Flushing, N. Y., April 4, 1759; prepared for college and pursued classical studies in London; returned to the United States, in 1785; studied law and practiced in New York City, 1791-1793; moved to Poughkeepsie in 1793, remained there three years and then relocated in New York City; appointed district attorney in 1798, and again in 1810; colonel of volunteers in 1812; member of the state house of representatives in 1818; mayor of the city of New York in 1819; elected to the Seventeenth Congress, having suc- cessfully contested the election of Peter Sharpe, and served from December 12, 1821, to March 3, 1823; member of the state senate 1824 to 1827; died in Jersey City, N. J., January 3, 1834. Cole, Cornelius, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Calif ornia; born in Lodi, N. Y., September 17. 1822; was graduated from Wesleyan university, Connecticut in 1847; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Auburn, N. Y., May 1, 1848; went to 560 CONGEESSIONAL DIKECTOBY. California in 1849, and after working a year in the gold mines commenced practice; district attorney of Sacramento city and county 1859-1862; member of the Republican national committee 1856-1860; moved to Santa Cruz; elected as a Union Repub- lican to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); elected a United States Senator and served from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1873; in 1880 moved to Colgrove, Los Angeles county, Cal., and retired from practice. Cole, George Edward, a Delegate from Wash- ington Territory; born in Oneida county, N. Y., December 23, 1826; attended the public schools and Hobart Hall institute; in 1849 moved to Kentucky, then to California, and then to Oregon; member of the Oregon house of representatives 1852-1853; clerk of the United States courts for the district of Oregon 1859-60; moved to Walla Walla, Wash. Ter., in 1860; elected as a Demo- rat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1865); appointed governor of the Terri- tory by President Johnson in November, 1866, and served until March 4, 1867; returned to Oregon and engaged in railroad construction; appointed postmaster of Portland. Oreg., in 1873 and served until 1881; went back to Washington and was elected treasurer of Spokane county; died in Portland, Oreg., December 3, 1906. Cole, Nathan, a Representative from Missouri; born in St. Louis, Mo., July 26, 1825; attended the city schools, and Shurtleff college, 111.; engaged in mercantile pursuits in St. Louis, and became vice-president of two banking institutions; director of a number of insurance and other corporations; mayor of St. Louis, 1867-1871; president of the Merchants' exchange in 1876; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877- March 3, 1879); resumed business activities in St. Louis, Mo. Cole, Orsamus, a Representative from Wiscon- sin; born in Cazenovia, Madison county, N. Y., August 23, 1819; was graduated from Union college in 1843; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice in Chicago, 111., but soon after moved to Potosi, Wis.; member of the state constitutional convention of 1847 ; elected as a Whig to the Thrity-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); resumed the practice of law in Potosi; judge of the state supreme court 1855- 1880 and was chief justice from April, 1881, to January 4, 1892; Died in Milwaukee, Wis., May 5, 1903. Cole, Ralph Dayton, a Representative from Ohio; born in Biglick township, Hancock county, Ohio, November 30, 1873; attended the common schools; was graduated from Findlay college in 1896; in 1898 was graduated in the classical course from the Northwestern Ohio normal university at Ada; engaged in the practice of law; served for two years as deputy clerk of Hancock county; in 1899 elected to the state legislature, and reelected in 1901; elected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Findlay, Ohio. Cole, William H., a Representative from Mary- land; born in Baltimore, Md., January 11, 1837; practiced law for a short time and then studied medicine; served in the Confederate army during the war; connected with the Baltimore Gazette 1866-1883; deputy registrar of Baltimore in 1870; chief clerk of the first branch of the city council; reading clerk of the Maryland house of delegates in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress and served from March 4, 1885, until his death in Baltimore, Md., July 8, 1886. Coleman, Hamilton Dudley, a Representative from Louisiana; born in New Orleans, La., May 12, 1845; enlisted in 1863 in the Washington artillery, Army of Northern Virginia, as a private, and served throughout the war; mamifacturer and dealer in plantation machinery; active in the organization of the World's Industrial and Cotton Centennial Exposition; served two terms as president of the New Orleans chamber of commerce, and was elected November, 1888, one of the vice presidents of the National board of trade; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1891); was defeated as the Republican candidate for governor in 1890 and 1894, and for lieutenant governor in 1892 ; appointed melter and refiner of the United States mint at New Orleans in 1899 and served six years; member of the United States assay commission in 1912. Coleman, Nicholas D., a Representative from Kentucky; born in Maysville, Ky., in 1800; at- tended grammar and high schools; studied law and practiced; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); moved to Vicksburg, Miss., where he re- sumed the practice of law; postmaster of Vicksburg 1841-1844; died in Vicksburg, Miss., May 11, 1874. Colerick, Walpole Gillespie, a Representative from Indiana; born in Fort Wayne, Ind., August 1, 1845; lawyer by profession; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); resumed the prac- tice of law in Fort Wayne, Ind., until his death January 11, 1911. Coles, Isaac, a Representative from Virginia; born in Virginia; pursued preparatory studies; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); reelected to the Third and Fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797). Coles, Walter, a Representative from Virginia; born in Pittsylvania county, Va., Decembers, 1700; completed a preparatory course; devoted himself to agriculture; justice of the peace for many years; served in the United States Army during the War of 1812 as a captain of riflemen on the northern frontier; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1833 and 1834; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1845); died near Robert- sons Store, Va., November 9, 1857. Colfax, Schuyler, a Representative from Indiana; born in New York City March 23, 1823; attended the commom schools; went to New Carlisle, Ind., in 1836, where he was appointed deputy auditor of St. Joseph county by his step- father, George W. Mathews, with office in South Bend; became a legislative correspondent in Indianapolis; purchased an interest in the South Bend Free Press, and changed its name in 1845 to the St. Joseph Valley Register the Whig organ of northern Indiana; member of the state constitutional convention of 1850; defeated Whig candidate for Congress in 1851; elected as a Re- publican to the Thirty-fourth and the six suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1869); BIOGRAPHIES. 561 was Speaker of the House of Representatives in the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses; elected Vice President of the United States on the ticket with Gen. Grant, and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1873; declined the state portfolio, tendered by President Grant, August 4, 1871; defeated candidate for the Vice- Presidency in the Philadelphia convention of 1872; offered the chief editorship of the New York Tribune the same year, but declined; was implicated in charges of corruption brought against members of Congress in 1873 in connection with the Credit Mobilier of America, but was fully exhon orated; died in Mankato, Minn., Jan- uary 13, 1885; interment in South Bend, Ind. Collamer, Jacob, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Vermont; born in Troy, N . Y., January 8, 1792; moved with his father to Burlington, yt.; was graduated from the University of Vermont in 1810; served in the War of 18i2; studied law and prac- ticed in Woodstock, Vt., from 1813 to 1833; mem- ber of the state house of representatives for several years; judge of the superior court 1833-1842; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1849); appointed Postmaster General by Presi- dent Taylor and served from March 7, 1849, to July 20, 1850; again judge of the superior court of Ver- mont from November 8, 1850, to October 3, 1854; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1855, until his death in Woodstock, Vt., November 9, 1865. Collier, James William, a Representative from Mississippi; born on the Glenwood plantation, near Vicksburg, Warren county, Miss., September 28, 1872; attended public and high schools until 1890; when he entered the state university; in 1894 he graduated in law from that institution; in 1895 member of the lower house of the Mississippi legislature; circuit clerk of Warren county in 1899, and reelected without opposition in 1903 and 1907; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Collier, John Allen, a Representative from New York; born in Litchfield, Conn., November 13, 1787; was graduated from Yale college; studied law in the Litchfield law school and was admitted to the bar in 1809 in Troy, N. Y.; entered upon practice in Binghainton, N. Y.; district attorney of Broome county, June 11, 1818, to February 25, 1822; elected as a Clay Democrat to the Twenty- second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); comptroller of the state of New York, January 27, 1841, to February 7, 1842; appointed a com- missioner to revise the statutes in 1847; presi- dential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; declined a foreign embassy offered by President Fillmore in 1850; died in Binghamton, N. Y., March 24, 1873. Collin, John Francis, a Representative from New York; born in Hillsdale, N. Y., April 30, 1802; attended the common schools and Lenox academy, Mass.; engaged in agriculture; member of the state legislature in 1834; supervisor of Hillsdale county for several years; elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); died in Hillsdale, N. Y., September 16, 1889. Collins, Ela, a Representative from New York; born in Meriden, Conn., February 14, 1786; 50346 S. Doc . 654, 61-2 36 attended Clinton academy; studied law and com- menced practice in Lowville, N. Y., in 1807; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1815; district attorney for Lewis, Jefferson, and St. Law- rence counties 1815-1818, and of Lewis county 1819 and 1840; delegate to the state constitutional con- vention in 1821; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); died in Lowville, N. Y., November 23, 1848. Collins, Francis Dolan, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Saugerties, N. Y., March 5, 1841; attended St. Josephs college, in Susque- hanna county, and Wyoming seminary, at Kings- ton, Pa.; studied law, and in 1866 was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Scranton, Pa.; elected district attorney of the mayor's court dis- trict in 1869; elected to the state senate of Penn- sylvania 1872, 1873, and 1874; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in Scranton, Pa., November 21, 1891. Collins, John, a Delegate from Rhode Island; born in Newport, R. I., June 8, 1717; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1778-1783; governor of Rhode Island 1786-1789; elected to the First Con- gress, but did not take his seat; died in Newport, R. I., March 8, 1795. Collins, Patrick Andrew, a Representative from Massachusetts; born near Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland, March 12, 1844; the family came to the United States in 1848 and located in Chelsea, Mass.; attended the common schools; read law in the Harvard law school and in Boston; admitted to the bar in 1871, and practiced in Boston; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1868 and 1869, and of the state senate in 1870 and 1871; judge advocate general in 1875; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889); was a delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1876, 1880, 1888, and 1892; consul general at London under President Cleveland's administra- tion; resumed the practice of law; mayor of Boston 1902-1905; died in Hot Springs, Va., September 13, 1905; interment in Boston, Mass. Collins, William, a Representative from New York; born in Lowville, Lewis county, N. Y., February 22, 1818; studied law and commenced practice in Lowville; district attorney for Lewis county 1845-1847; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); moved to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1854 and died there, June 18, 1878. Colquitt, Alfred Holt, a Representative and a Senator from Georgia; born in Walton county, Ga., April 20, 1824; was graduated from Princeton college in 1844; studied law and admitted to the bar in 1845; served as a staff officer, with the rank of major, during the Mexican War; elected to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); member of the Georgia legislature in 1859; presidential elector on the Breckinridge ticket in 1860; member of the secession convention of the state of Georgia; entered the Confederate service as captain; colonel of the sixth Georgia infantry; served as a brigadier general, and was commis- sioned a major general; governor 1876-1880; re- elected under a new constitution for two years; elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat in 1883; reelected in 1888, and served from March 4, 1883, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 26, 1894. 562 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. Colquitt, Walter Terry, a Representative and a Senator from Georgia; born in Halifax county, Va., December 27, 1799; moved with his parents to Georgia; attended public schools and Princeton college; studied law, and in 1820 was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Sparta, Ga.; moved to Cowpens; elected judge of the Chatta- hoochee circuit in 1826 and reelected in 1829; State senator in 1834 and 1837; elected to the Twenty- sixth Congress as a States Rights Whig, but refused to support Gen. Harrison for President, and re- signed July 21, 1840; elected to the Twenty- seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845) ; elected a United States Senator and served from March 4, 1843, until February, 1848, when he resigned; member of the Nashville convention in 1850; died in Macon, Ga., May 7, 1855. Colson, David Grant, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Yellow Creek (now Middles- boro), Knox (now Bell) county, Ky., April 1, 1861; attended the common schools and the academies at Tazewell and Mossy Creek,Tenn. ; read law ; took the junior course in law in the Kentucky university in 1879-1880; went to Washington, D. C., in Septem- ber, 1882, from which time until June 30, 1886, he was an examiner and special examiner in the pen- sion bureau of the Interior Department; returned to Kentucky in 1887, and in that year was elected to the state house of representatives, session of 1887-88; mayor of Middlesboro 1893-1895; elected an a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, ISgS^March 3, 1899); colonel of a Kentucky regiment during the Spanish- American War. Colston, Edward, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Winchester, Va., December 25, 1786; was graduated from Princeton college in 1806; served in the War of 1812; several years a member of the state house of representatives and high sheriff of Berkeley county; elected as a Federalist to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); died in Berkeley county. Va., April 23, 1852. Comegys, Joseph Parsons, a Senator from Delaware; born in "Cherbourg," Kent county, near -Dover, Del., December 29, 1813; pursued preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1835, and practiced; member of the state house of representatives 1842 and 1848; one of a commission to revise the state statutes in 1852; appointed a United States Senator, to fill the va- cancy caused by the death of John M. Clayton, and served from November 19, 1856, to January 14, 1857; delegate to the Union national convention in Philadelphia in 1866; appointed chief justice of Delaware May 18. 1876; died in Dover, Del., Feb- ruary 1, 1893. Comingo, Abram, a Representative from Missouri; born in Mercer county, Ky., January 9, 1820; attended common and high schools; studied law, and in 1847 was admitted to the bar; moved to Missouri in 1848; elected a member of the Missouri state convention in February, 1861; ap- pointed provost marshal of the sixth district of Missouri in May, 1863; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); died in Kansas City, Mo., November 10, 1889. Comins, Linus Bacon, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Charlton, Mass., November 29, 1817; was graduated from the Worcester county manual labor high school; engaged in manufac- turing in Roxbury, Mass.; member of the Rox- bury city council in 1846, 1847, and 1848 and served the last two years as president; mayor of Roxbury in 1854; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress, and as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859) ; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1860; died in Jamaica Plain, Mass., October 14, 1892. Compton, Barnes, a Representative from Maryland; born in Port Tobacco, Charles county, Md., November 16, 1830; attended Charlotte Hall academy and was graduated from Princeton col- lege in June, 1851; member of the state house of delegates from Charles county in 1860-61, and of the senate in 1867, 1868, 1870, and 1872, and served as president of the senate 1868-1870; state tobacco inspector 1873-74; state treasurer 1874- 1876; reelected for five successive terms; elected asa Democrat a Representative to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); Presented credentials as Member-elect to the Fif ty- rst Congress, but election was successfully con- tested by Sidney E. Mudd, who was given the seat March 20, 1890; reelected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1891, to May 12, 1894, when he resigned ; naval officer at Baltimore for four years; died in Laurel, Md., Decembers, 1898. Comstock, Charles Carter, a Representative from Michigan; born in Sullivan, Cheshire county, N. H., March 5, 1818; attended the common schools; moved to Grand Rapids, Mich., in 1853; farmer, lumberman, and manufacturer of furniture, woodenware, etc.; mayor of Grand Rapids 1863- 1864; elected as a Fusion Democrat to the Forty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); died in Grand Rapids, Mich., February 20, 1900. Comstock, Oliver Cromwell, a Representative from New York; born in Warwick, R. I., March 1, 1780; moved with his father's family to Schenec- tady, N. Y., when a child; received a liberal schooling; studied medicine and practiced in Trumansburg, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives 1810-1812; judge of common pleas for Seneca county, N. Y., 1812-1815; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fif- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3,1819); first judge of Tompkins county 1817-1818; aban- doned the practice of medicine and studied the- ology, licensed to preach, and was ordained to the Baptist ministry and installed as pastor of the First Baptist church, Rochester, N. Y., 1825-1834; Chaplain of the national House of Representa- tives; moved to Michigan and was a regent of the University of Michigan 1841-1843, and state super- intendent of public instruction 1843-1845; died in Marshall, Mich., January 11, 1860. Comstock. Solomon Gilman, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Argyle, Me., May 9, 1842; completed a preparatory course in the Maine Wes- leyan seminary in Kents Hill; read law and was admitted to practice; located in Moorhead, Minn., in 1870; attorney for Clay county 1872-1878; elected a representative to the state legislature in 1875, 1876, 1878, 1879, 1880, and 1881; state senator 1882-1888; when he resigned; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1891); resumed the practice of law in Moorhead, Minn.; member state normal school board 1897-1905; member board of regents of the University of Minnesota. BIOGRAPHIES. 563 Condit, John, a Representative and a Senator from New Jersey; born in Orange, N. J., July 8, 1755; attended the public schools; studied and practiced medicine; served as surgeon in the Revolutionary War in Colonel Van Cortlandt's battalion, Heardy brigade; one of the founders and a trustee of the Orange academy in 1785; member of the state house of representatives for several years; elected as a Democrat to the Sixth and Seventh Congresses (March 4, 1799- March 3, 1803); appointed United States Senator, to fill vacancy in term beginning March 4, 1803, caused by failure of legislature to elect a Senator, and served from September 1, 1803, to March 3, 1809; again appointed United States Senator, and to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Aaron Kitchell; was subsequently elected to fill the va- cancy, and served from March 21, 1809, to March 3, 1817; assistant collector of the port of New York; died in Orange, N. J., May 4, 1834. Condit, Lewis, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Morristown, N. J., March 3, 1773; studied medicine, was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1794, and commenced practice in Morristown; was high sheriff of Morris county, N. J., prior to 1800; member of the state house of representatives 1805- 1810 and served as speaker the last two years; mem- ber of the commission for adjusting the boundary between New York and New Jersey in 1807; elected as a Whig to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1817); reelected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty- second Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1833); again a member of the state legislature 1837-1838, and speaker of the house; presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840; a trustee of Princeton college for forty years; died in Morris- town, N. J., May 26, 1862. Condit, Silas, a Delegate from New Jersey; born in Morristown, N. J., March 7, 1738, com- pleted preparatory studies; member of the state council from its organization in 1776 to 1780; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1781-1784; mem- ber of the New Jersey assembly 1791-1795, 1796- 1798, and 1800, and speaker 1792-1794, and in 1797; died in Morristown, N. J., September 6, 1801. Condit, Silas, a Representative from New Jer- sey; born in Orange, N. J., August 18, 1778; was graduated from Princeton college in 1795; en- gaged in mercantile persuits in Orange; moved to Newark, N. J., and was president of the Newark Banking company; member of the state house of representatives for several years; elected as a Clay Democrat to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); delegate to the state con- stitutional convention of 1844; died in Newark, N. J., November 29, 1861. Conger, Edwin Hurd, a Representative from Iowa; born in Knox county, 111., March 7, 1843; was graduated from Lombard university in 1862; enlisted as a private in company I, one hundred and second Illinois volunteer infantry, and served until the close of the war; attaining the rank of captain and received the brevet of major for "gallant and meritorious conduct in the field;" studied law and was graduated from the Albany law school in 1866; admitted to the bar, and practiced in Galesburg, 111., until 1868; moved to Dexter, Dallas county, Iowa, in 1868, and engaged in farming, stock-growing, and banking; elected treasurer of Dallas county in 1877 and reelected in 1879 ; elected state treasurer in 1880 and reelected in 1882; elected as a Republican to the Forty- ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); minister to Brazil 1891-1895; reappointed in 1897; transferred to China in 1898 and served until 1907; died in Pasadena, Cal., May 18, 1907. Conger, Harmon S., a Representative from New York; born in Connecticut in 1817; moved to Cortland, N. Y., where he held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); moved to Wisconsin in 1854; elected judge of the circuit court in 1871; reelected in 1877, and served until his death in Janesville, Wis., October 22, 1882. Conger, James L., a Representative from Michigan; born in New Jersey; completed prepara- tory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; practiced in Cleveland, Ohio; moved to Mich- igan and located in Macomb county in 1836; sev- eral times defeated for state representative; moved to Mount Clemens, Mich.; elected as a Free Soil Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851- March 3, 1853). Conger, Omar D wight, a Representative and a Senator from Michigan; born in Cooperstown, N. Y., in 1818; moved with his father to Huron county, Ohio, in 1824; pursued academic studies at Huron institute, Milan, Ohio, and was gradu- ated in 1841 from Western Reserve college; em- ployed in the geological survey and mineral ex- plorations of the Lake Superior copper and iron regions in 1845-1847, and m 1848 engaged in the practice of law in Port Huron, Mich.; elected judge of the St. Glair county court in 1850, and senator in the state legislature for the biennial terms of 1855, 1857, and 1859; president pro tern- pore of the senate in 1859; elected in 1866 a mem- ber of the constitutional convention of Michigan; presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1864; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1881) ; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1881, to March 3, 1887; engaged in the practice of law in Washington, D. C.; died in Ocean City, Md., July 11, 1898. Conkling, Alfred, a Representative from New York; born in Amagansett, N. Y., October 12, 1789; was graduated from Union college in 1810; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1812, and commenced practice in Canajoharie; district attorney for Mont- gomery county 1818-1821; elected as an anti- Jackson Democrat to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); moved to Albany, N. Y. ; appointed United States district judge for the northern district of New York and served from 1825 to 1852; appointed United States minister to Mexico and served from August 6, 1852, to August 17, 1853; located in Omaha, Nebr., and practiced law until 1861, when he resided successively in Rochester, Geneseo, and Utica, N. Y.; devoted much time to literary pursuits; died in Utica, N. Y., February 5, 1874. Conkling, Frederick Augustus, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Canajoharie, N. Y., August 22, 1816; pursued classical studies; engaged in mercantile business in New York City; member of the state house of representatives 1854, 1859, and 564 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1860; in June, 1861, organized the eighty -fourth Regiment of the National Guard of the state of York and was its colonel; served through the Shenandoah campaign, and in 1863 his regiment was on provost-guard duty in Baltimore; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); unsuccessful" Re- publican candidate for mayor of New York City in 1868; died in New York City, September 18, 1891. Colliding, Roscoe, a Representative and a Senator from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., October 30, 1829; moved with his parents to Au- burn, N. Y., in 1839; completed an academic course; studied law in Utica, N. Y., and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1850; practiced in Utica; dis- trict attorney for Oneida county in 1850; mayor of Utica in 1858; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863), and (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); reelected to the Fortieth Congress, but resigned before the begin- ning of the Congress ; elected to the United States Senate as a Union Republican in 1867; reelected, and served from March 4, 1867, to May 16, 1881, when he resigned along with his colleague, Thomas C. Platt, and largely because of differences with the administration growing put of the disposal of Federal patronage in the city and state of New York; resumed the practice of law in New York City; in February, 1882, was appointed associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and was confirmed by the Senate, but declined; died in New York City, April 18, 1888. Conn, Charles Gerard, a Representative from Indiana ; born in Phelps , Ontario county, N . Y . , Jan- uary 29, 1844; accompanied his parents to Elkhart, Ind.; served throughout the Civil War in the Union Army; manufacturer; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); returned to Elkhart, Ind., and engaged in manu- facturing. Connell, William, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Sep- tember 10, 1827; moved with his parents to Hazle- ton, Luzerne county, Pa., in 1856; placed in charge of mines of the Susquehanna & Wyoming Valley Railroad & Coal Co., with offices in Scran ton; pur- chased the plant in 1870; president of the Third National bank and identified with most of the industries and commercial enterprises of Scranton ; was a delegate to the Republican national conven- tion of 1896 and member of the Pennsylvania Republican committee; elected to the Fifty-fifth Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1903); successfully contested the election of George Howell in the Fifty-eighth Congress and took his seat February 10, 1904, and served until March 3, 1905; died in Scranton, Pa., March 21, 1909. Connell, William. James, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Cowansville, Canada, July 6, 1846; moved to Schroon Lake, N. Y., in 1857; then to Vermont in 1862; completed a preparatory course; in April, 1867, located in Omaha, Nebr.; admitted to the bar in 1869, and engaged in prac- tice; district attorney of the third judicial district of Nebraska in 1872-1876; city attorney of Omaha 3883-1887; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); reap- pointed city attorney of Omaha, Nebr., in 1892; a practicing attorney in Omaha, Nebr. Conner, Henry W., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Prince George county, Va., in August, 1793; was graduated from South Carolina college in 1812; served as aid-de-camp to Brig. Gen. Joseph Graham in the expedition against the Creek Indians in 1814; settled in Falls Town, Iredell county, and later in Sherrills Ford, Ca- tawba county, N. C.; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth and the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1841) ; member of the State senate in 1848; died January 15, 1866, in Sherills Ford, Catawba County, N. C. Conner, James Perry, a Representative from Iowa; born in Delaware county, Ind., January 27, 1851; attended college at the Upper Iowa univer- sity, Fayette, Iowa, and was graduated from the law department of the state university at Iowa City in June, 1873; district attorney of the thir- teenth judicial district 1880-1884; elected circuit judge of the thirteenth judicial district of Iowa in 1884; elected district judge of the sixteenth judi- cial district in 1886; delegate to the Republican national convention at Minneapolis in 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Jonathan P. Dolliver; reelected to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty- eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses, and served from December 4, 1900, to March 3, 1909; resumed the practice of law in Denison, Iowa. Conner, John C., a Representative from Texas, born in Nobles ville, Ind., in 1842; student at the Wabash college, Indiana; entered the Union Army in 1862 as a lieutenant in the sixty-third Indiana volunteers and served until the close of the war; appointed a captain in the forty-first infantry upon the reorganization of the Army in 1866 and served in Texas until nominated for Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first and Forty- second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873). Conner, Samuel Shepard, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in New Hampshire about 1785; attended Phillips Exeter academy in 1794; was graduated from Yale college in 1806; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Waterville, Me.; served in the War of 1812 aa major of the twenty-first infantry and lieutenant colonel of the thirteenth infantry; resigned July 14, 1814; resumed the practice of law in Water- ville, Me.; elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); appointed surveyor general of the Ohio land district in 1819; died in Covington, Ky., December 25, 1819. Conness, John, a Senator from California; born in County Galway, Ireland, September 22, 1821; came to the United States in 1836; learned the art of pianoforte making in New York; one of the Cali- fornia pioneers, interested in the mines and after- wards in mercantile pursuits; member of the Cali- fornia legislature 1853-1854 and 1860-1861 ; elected a United States Senator as a Union Republican and served from March 4, 1863, to March 3, 1869; re- moved to Massachusetts in 1869; died in Jamaica Plains, Mass., January 10, 1909. Connolly, Daniel Ward, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Cochecton, Sullivan coun- ty, N. Y., April 24, 1847; moved with parents to Scranton, Pa., in 1849 ; attended the public schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar in June, 1870; elected president judge of Lackawanna coun- ty in 1878, but did not serve; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883- BIOGBAPHIES. 565 March 3, 1885); postmaster of Scranton 1885-1890; died in Scranton, Pa., December 4, 1894. Connolly, James Austin, a Representative from Illinois; born in Newark, N. J., March 8, 1843; went to Ohio with his parents in 1850; pursued preparatory studies; assistant clerk of Ohio senate 1858-59; admitted to the bar in 1861; moved to Illinois in 1861; entered the United States Army in 1862 as a private in the one hundred and twenty- third Illinois volunteers, and was afterwards cap- tain, major, and brevet lieutenant colonel; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1873-1875; United States attorney for the southern district of Illinois 1876-1885 and again 1889-1893; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); resumed the practice of law in Springfield, 111. Conover, Simon Barclay, a Senator from Florida; born in Middlesex county, N. J., Sep- tember 23, 1840; studied medicine and was gradu- ated from the University of Nashville in 1864; appointed assistant surgeon in the Army of the Cumberland, and stationed at Nashville, Tenn.; after several promotions in the medical corps of the Army, ordered to Lake City, Fla., in 1866, and shortly afterwards resigned his commission; dele- gate to the state constitutional convention in 1868; state treasurer; member of the Chicago convention in 1868, and member of the Republican national committee; member of the state executive Repub- lican committee of Florida, member of the state house of representatives and presided over the body; elected a United States Senator as a Repub- lican and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1879; unsuccessful candidate for governor in 1880; moved to Montana in 1899. Conrad, Charles Magill, a Senator and a Repre- sentative from Louisiana; born in Winchester, Va., about 1804; moved with his father to Mississippi, and thence to Louisiana; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1828; commenced practice in New Orleans; member of the state house of repre- sentatives for several years; elected a United States Senator as a Whig to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Alexander Mouton, and served from April 14, 1842, to March 3, 1843; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1844; elected a representative from Louisiana to the Thirty-first Congress, and served from March 4, 1849, to August 17, 1850, when he resigned; appointed Secretary of War by President Fillmore, and served from August 15, 1850, to March 7, 1853; deputy from Louisiana in the Montgomery provisional congress of 1861; Representative from Louisiana to the first and second Confederate congresses, 1862- 1864; died in New Orleans, La., February 12, 1878. Conrad, Frederick, a Representative from Pennsylvania; was elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1807). Conrad, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813- March3, 1815). Conry, Joseph Aloysius, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Brookline, Mass., Sep- tember 12, 1868; was graduated from a Boston pri- vate school; studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Boston, Mass.; presi- dent of the Boston common council in 1896-1897; chairman of the board of aldermen in 1898; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903); resumed the practice of law in Boston, Mass.; director of the port of Boston, Mass., and resides there. Conry, Michael Francis, a Representative from New York; born in Shenandoah, Pa., April 2, 1870; attended the public schools of his native town; taught school for seven years; was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1896; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in New York City ; served two years as assistant cor- poration counsel of the city of New York; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Constable, Albert, a Representative from Maryland; born in Maryland; studied law and commenced practice in Perryville, Md.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March3, 1847); elected judge of the circuit court of Maryland in 1851; died in Camden, N. J., September 18, 1855. Contee, Benjamin, a Delegate and a Repre- sentative from Maryland; born in Prince Georges county, Md., in 1755; served in the Revolutionary War in the third Maryland battalion; studies the- ology and became a clergyman of the Protestant Episcopal church; Delegate to the Continental Con- gress 1787-1788; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); presiding judge of the Charles county testamentary court; died in Charles county, Md., November 3, 1815. Converse, George Leroy, a Representative from Ohio; born in Georgesville, Franklin county, Ohio, June 4, 1827; was graduated from Central col- lege, Ohio, and from Denison university, Gran- ville, Ohio, class of 1849; admitted to the bar in 1851; represented his county in the state house of representatives 1860-1863 and 1873-1876, and speaker of the house 1873-1874 ; member of the state senate 1864-65; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1885); died in Columbus, Ohio, March 30, 1897. Conway, Henry Wharton, a Delegate from Arkansas Territory; born in Greene county, Tenn., March 18, 1793 ; attended the public schools; enlisted as an ensign in the War of 1812, and was S-omoted a lieutenant in 1813; clerk in the Treasury epartment in Washington, D. C., in 1817; moved to Missouri in 1818, and to Arkansas Territory in 1820; receiver of public moneys in 1820-1821; elected a Delegate to the Eighteenth and Nine- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827); died near Arkansas Post, then the Territorial seat of government, November 9, 1827. Conway, Martin Franklin, a Representative from Kansas; born in Harford county, Md., Novem- ber 19, 1829; received a liberal schooling; moved to Baltimore in 1843; learned the art of printing, and became a member of National typographical union; studied law, was admitted to the bar and com- menced practice in Baltimore; moved to Kan- sas in 1854; member of the first legislative coun- cil; chief justice of the supreme court under the Topeka constitution; president of the Leaven- worth constitutional convention; elected as a Re- publican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March3, 1863); appointed United States con- sul at Marseille, France, in 1866; died in Washing- ton, D. C., February 15, 1882. 566 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Cook, Burton Chauncey, a Representative from Illinois; born in Pittsford, Monroe county, N. Y., May 11, 1819; attended the collegiate insti- tute, Rochester, N. Y.; studied law, and in 1835 moved to Ottawa county, 111., where he com- menced practice in 1840; elected by the legislature state attorney for the ninth judicial district for two years in 1846, and reelected by the people in 1848 for four years; member of the state senate 1852-1860; member of the peace conference which met in Washington in 1861; elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty-ninth, and to the three succeed- ing Congresses, and served from March 4, 1865, to August 26, 1871; died in Evanston, 111., August 18, 1894. Cook, Daniel Pope, a Representative from Illinois; born in Scott county, Ky., in 1795; com- pleted a preparatory course; studied law, admitted to the bar, and practiced in Kaskaskia, 111., 1815- 1816; moved to Edwardsville, 111.; first attorney general of Illinois March 15 to October 15, 1819, and subsequently was judge of the western cir- cuit; elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eight- eenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1819- March 3, 1827); died in Scott county, Ky., October 16, 1827. Cook, George Washington, a Representative from Colorado; born in Bedford, Ind., November 10, 1851; learned telegraphy at the age of eleven years; ran away from home and enlisted as drummer boy at the age of twelve years, and served in Indiana regi- ments in the Army of the Cumberland; the last eight months served as chief regimental clerk of the one hundred and forty-fifth regiment Indiana volunteers; after the Civil War attended public school and an academy; employed in railway of- fices in Chicago 1872-1880 ; general agent Louisville, New Albany & Chicago Railway (Monon System), 1880-1887; division superintendent and joint agent in Leadville, Colo.; engaged in mining; elected department commander Grand Army of the Re- public for Colorado and Wyoming, and served 1891- 1892; president of the Colorado soldiers and sailors' home in 1892; in 1905 was elected senior vice commander in chief Grand Army of the Republic; elected to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1909); engaged in mining in Leadville, with residence in Denver, Colo. Cook, Joel, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 20, 1842; attended the public schools; was graduated from the central high school of Philadelphia in 1859; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1863; correspondent with the Army of the Potomac and a Washington correspondent during the Civil War; on the editorial staff of the Philadelphia Public Ledger from 1865 and its financial editor 1883-1907; president of the board of wardens for the port of Philadelphia 1891-1907; elected to the Sixtieth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of John E. Reyburn; reelected to the Sixty- first Congress, and served from November 5, 1907, until his death in Philadelphia, Pa., December 15, 1910. Cook, John C., a Representative from Iowa; born in Seneca county, Ohio, December 26, 1846; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1867; elected judge of the sixth district of Iowa in 1878; successfully contested the election of Madi- son E. Cutts to the Forty-seventh Congress and served only March 3, 1883, the closing day of the Congress; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. Cutts; resumed the practice of law in Newton, Iowa. Cook, John Parsons, a Representative from Iowa; born in Whitestown, Oneida county, N. Y., August 31, 1817; moved to Davenport, Iowa; mem- ber of the Iowa territorial council; served in the state senate; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); died in Davenport, Iowa, April 17, 1872. Cook, Orchard, a Representative from Massa- chusetts: born in Salem, Mass., March 24, 1763; attended the public schools; engaged in mercan- tile pursuits; assessor of Pownahboroudi in 1786; town clerk of New Milfotd, district of Maine, 1795- 1797; justice of the peace; judge of the court of common pleas for Lincoln county 1799-1810; ap- pointed assistant assessor of twenty-fifth district in November, 1798; overseer of Bowdoin college 1800-1805; elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1811); sheriff of Lincoln county 1811-1819; post- master of Wiscasset, Me., until his death there August 12, 1819. Cook, Philip, a Representative from Georgia; born in Twiggs county, Ga., July 31, 1817; was graduated from Oglethorpe university, Georgia, and from the law department of the University of Virginia in 1840; practiced in Forsyth, Ga., 1841- 1842; removed successively to Sumter county, Lanier, and to Oglethorpe county, where he con- tinued practice until 1869; elected to the state senate in 1859, 1860, and 1863; member of the state convention in 1865; entered the Confederate serv- ice in 1861 as a private; commissioned first lieuten- ant, lieutenant colonel, colonel, and in August, 1863, brigadier general; removed to Americus, Ga., in 1885; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1883); resumed the practice of law in Americus, Ga.; state capitol commissioner 1882; elected secretary of state in 1890, and served until his death in Atlanta, Ga., May 24, 1894; interment in Rose Hill cemetery, Macon, Ga. Cook, Samuel Andrew, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Ontario January 28, 1849; at- tended the common schools in Fond du Lac and Calumet counties; enlisted as a private in company A, second Wisconsin cavalry, and served until the end of the war; lived on a farm in Calumet county until 1872, when he located in Marathon county and engaged in business; moved to Neenah, Winnebago county, in 1881; elected mayor of Neenah in 1889; member of the state legislature in 1891-92; dele- gate to the Republican national convention in Minneapolis in 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877) ; a manufacturer of print paper, with residence in Neenah, Wis. Cook, Zadock, a Representative from Georgia; born in Georgia in 1769; member of the general assembly for several years; elected to the Four- teenth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Alfred Cuthbert; reelected to the Fifteenth Congress; served from January 23, 1817, to March 3, 1819; died in Athens, Ga. Copke, Bates, a Representative from New York; born in Wallingford, Conn., December 23, 1787; attended the public schools; moved to New York BIOGRAPHIES. 567 and participated in the War of 1812; elected as an anti-Mason to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); comptroller of the state of New York in February, 1839; bank commissioner from May 14, 1841, until his death in Lewiston, N. Y., May 31, 1841. Cooke, Edward Dean, a Representative from Illinois; born in Cascade, Dubuque county, Iowa, October 17, 1849; attended the common schools, Cascade academy, and the high school of Dubuque; studied law at the Columbian University, Washing- ton, D. C. ; admitted to the bar in 1873 in Washing- ton, Dubuque, and Chicago; located in the last- named city; elected a representative to the state legislature in 1882 as, a Republican; elected to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses and served from March 4, 1895, until his death in Washington, D. C., June 23, 1897. Cooke, Eleutheros, a Representative from Ohio; born in Granville, N. Y., December 25, 1787; studied law and commenced practice in Granville ; moved to Indiana in 1817 and to Sandusky, Ohio, in 1819; member of the state house of representa- tives for several years; elected to the Twenty- second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); again a member of the state house of representa- tives; obtained from the Ohio legislature in 1826 the first charter granted to a railroad in the United States the Mad River & Lake Erie railroad and ground was broken for it in 1832; died in Sandusky, Ohio, December 28, 1864. Cooke, Josiah Platt, a Delegate from Con- necticut; born in Stratford, Conn., January 4, 1730; was graduated from Yale college in 1750; colonel in command of Continental forces when the British burned Danbury, April 27, 1777; member of Con- necticut legislature 1776, 1778, 1780-1781, 1782- 1784; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1784- 1788; died in Danbury, Conn., February 8, 1816. Cooke, Thomas Burrage, a Representative from New York; born in Wallingford, Conn., in 1778; elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth Con- gress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); member of the state house of representatives in 1838 and 1839; died in 1853. Coolidge, Frederick Spaulding, a Representa- tive from Massachusetts; born in Westminster, Mass., December 7, 1841; attended the common schools; manager of the Boston chair manufactur- ing company, and of the Leominster rattan works ; selectman of his native town for three years, and held other offices; member of the Democratic State central committee; Democratic elector in 1888; representative to the general court of Massachu- setts in 1875; elected to the Fifty-second Congres, (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); died in Fitchburg, Mass., June 8, 1906. Coombs, Frank L., a Representative from California; born in Napa, Cal., December 27, 1853; attended the public schools of California and the law school of Columbian university, Washington, D. C., was graduated from the latter institution in 1875, and admitted to the practice of law; district attorney of Napa county, Cal., 1880-1885; member of the California legislature 1887, 1889, 1891, and 1897, and speaker of the assembly in 1891 and 1897; served as United States minister to Japan for the unexpired term occasioned by the death of John F. Swift, from June, 1892, to August, 1893; State librarian of California from April 1, 1898, to April 1, 1899; United States attorney for the northern district of California from April 1, 1898, to March I, 1901; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903); resumed the practice of law in Napa, Cal. Coombs, William Jerome, a Representative from New York; born in Jordan, Onondaga county, N. Y., December 24, 1833; was graduated from the Jordan academy; moved to New York City in 1850, and in 1855 took up his residence in Brooklyn; in 1856 entered upon the business of exporting Ameri- can goods and continued for thirty-seven years, dealing with practically every market in the world ; in 1888 was an unsuccessful candidate for Congress on the Tariff Reform ticket; elected to the Fifty- second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1895); appointed a director of the Union Pacific railroad by President Cleveland, with special commission to collect the debts due the Government from the various Pacific railroads; a resident of the Borough of Brooklyn, New York City, and connected with trust and bank organiza- tions. Cooney, James, a Representative from Mis- souri ; born in Ireland July 28, 1848, and came to the United States with his father's family in 1852; at- tended the public schools and the State Univer- sity of Missouri; in 1875 located in Marshall, Mo., and engaged in the practice of law; elected to the office of probate judge in 1880; prosecuting attorney in 1882 and 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1903); died in Mar- shall, Mo., November 16, 1904. Cooper, Allen Foster, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Franklin township, Fa- yette county. Pa., June 16, 1862; attended the pub- lic schools of his native township; was graduated from the state normal school of California, Pa., in 1882; attended Mount Union college, Ohio, in 1883; taught school for six years; was graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1888; was admitted to practice De- cember 4, 1888; was elected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911); resumed business and the practice of law in Uniontown, Pa. Cooper, Charles M., a Representative from Florida; born in Athens, Ga., January 16, 1856; when a child moved with his parents to Florida; admitted to the bar in 1877; elected to the lower house of legislature in 1880; to the state senate in 1884; appointed attorney general of the state in 1885 for term of four years; appointed in 1889 one of three commissioners to revise the statutes of the state; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); resumed the practic'e of law in Jacksonville, Fla. Cooper, Edmund, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Franklin, Tenn., September II, 1821; was graduated from Jackson college in 1839; studied law at Harvard college and com- menced practice in Bedford county, Tenn.; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1849; Union delegate to the state constitutional conven- tion of 1861; again elected to the state house of representatives, but in 1865 resigned; elected as a Conservative to the Thirty-ninth Congress, and served from July 13, 1866, to March 3, 1867; ap- pointed by President Johnson Assistant Secretary of the Treasury November 20, 1867, and served until March 20, 1869. 568 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Cooper, George B., a Representative from Michigan; born in Long Hill, N. J., June 6, 1808; attended the public schools; moved to Ann Arbor, Mich., in 1830, and to Jackson, Mich., in 1835, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; postmaster of Jack- son for eleven years; state treasurer of Michigan for two years; member of the state senate 1837-1838; representative in 1842; presented credentials as Member-elect to the Thirty-sixth Congress, but his election was successfully contested by William A. Howard; served from December 5, 1859, to May 15, 1860; returned to New Jersey and died in Wall township, Monmouth county, in November, 1866. Cooper, George William, a Representative from Indiana ; born in Bartholomew county, Ind . , May 21, 1851; attended the public schools and was graduated from the Indiana State University, lit- erary and law courses, in 1872; elected prosecuting attorney in 1872; mayor of the city of Columbus in 1877; city attorney of Columbus for four years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty- second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Columbus, Ind.; died in Chicago, 111., November 27, 1899. Cooper, Henry, a Senator from Tennessee; born in Columbia, Tenn., August 22, 1827 ; was graduated from Jackson college in 1847; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice in Shelby ville in 1850; member of the state legislature in 1853 and 1857; appointed judge of the seventh judicial circuit of Tennessee in April, 1862, and resigned in January, 1866; chosen professor in the law school at Lebanon, Tenn., September 1, 1866, but resigned in June, 1867, and moved to Nashville, where he resumed the practice of law; elected to the state senate in 1869 and 1870; elected a United States Senator as a .Democrat and served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877; was killed in Mexico February 4, 1884. Cooper, Henry Allen, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Spring Prairie, Wai worth county, Wis., September 8, 1850; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the Northwestern University in 1873, and from the Union college of law, Chicago in 1875; was admitted to the bar; moved to Burlington, Wis. , and commenced practice in 1879; elected district attorney of Racine county in 1880, and reelected in 1882 and 1884; moved to Racine, Wis., in 1881; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1884 ; state senator 1887-1889 ; unsuccessful candidate for the Fifty-second Con- gress; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, and to the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1911) ; delegate at large from Wiscon- sin in the Republican national convention of 1908. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Cooper, James, a Representative and a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Frederick county, Md., May 8, 1810; was graduated from Washington college, Pa., in 1832; studied law, in 1834 admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Gettysburg, Pa.; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); member of the state legislature in 1843, 1844, 1846, and 1848, and served as speaker one term; removed to Potts ville, Pa.; attorney gen- eral of Pennsylvania in 1848; elected a United States Senator and served from March 4, 1849, to March 3, 1855; moved to Philadelphia; authorized by President Lincoln to raise a brigade of loyal Marylanders, and commissioned brigadier general May 7, 1861; served in West Virginia under Gen. Fremont; appointed commandant at Camp Chase, near Cincinnnati, Ohio, and died there March 28, 1863. Cooper, John, a Delegate from New Jersey; born near Woodbury, N. J., May 11, 1729; member of the committee of correspondence for Gloucester county; treasurer of the western division of New Jersey; member of the Provisional Congress; mem- ber of the committee that drafted the first consti- tution of New Jersey; Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1776; member of the state senate from 1776 until 1782; elected judge of the Gloucester county courts in 1779; reelected in 1784 and served until his death in Woodbury, N. J., in 1785. Cooper, Mark Antony, a Representative from Georgia; born in Hancock county, Ga., April 20, 1800; was graduated from the South Carolina col- lege in 1819; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1821; commenced practice in Eatonton, and a little later moved to Columbus; in 1825, and again in 1836, served in the campaigns against the Semi- nole Indians in Florida; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); elected to the Twenty -seventh Congress on a general ticket, to fill in part vacancies caused by the resignations of three representatives; was re- elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress and served from February 1, 1842, until 1843, when he resigned to become Democratic candidate for governor of Georgia, and was defeated; died in Columbus, Ga., March 17, 1885. Cooper, Richard Matlack, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Gloucester county, N. J., February 29, 1768; completed a preparatory course; member of the state house of representatives for sev- eral years; elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty- second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833); president of the state bank of New Jersey for several years; died in Camden, N. J., March 10, 1844. Cooper, Samuel Bronson, a Representative from Texas; born in Caldwell county, Ky., May 30, 1850; moved with his parents to Texas the same year and located in Wood ville, Tyler county; at- tended the common schools; read law, admitted to the bar in 1871, and began practice in Woodville in January, 1872; elected attorney of Tyler county in 1876 and 1878; to the state senate in 1880 and 1882; appointed collector of internal revenue of the first district of Texas by President Cleveland in 1885; defeated as a candidate for district judge in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third and the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1905); reelected to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); appointed United States gen- eral appraiser at the port of New York City by President Taft in 1910. Cooper, Thomas, a Representative from Dela- ware; born in Little Creek Hundred. Sussex county, Del., in 1764; completed preparatory studies; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 180*5; member of the state house of representatives 1803- 1808; served in the state senate in 1808; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1813-March3, 1817); resumed the practice of law in Georgetown, Del., until his death in 1829. BIOGEAPHIES. 569 Cooper, Thomas Buchecker, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Coopersburg, Pa., December 29, 1823; was graduated from Pennsyl- vania college (now the University of Pennsyl- vania) in 1843; studied medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, and commenced practice in Coopersburg; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- seventh Congress and served from March 4, 1861, until his death in Coopersburg, Pa., April 4, 1862. Cooper, William, a Representative from New York; born in Pennsylvania, December 2, 1754; went to Burlington, N. J., and moved to Otsego county, N. Y., in 1786, and founded Coopers- town; lawyer; appointed first judge of the court of common pleas for Otsego county, February 17, 1791; elected as a Federalist to the Fourth Congress (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1797); reelected to the Sixth Congress March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801) ; died in Albany, N. Y., December 22, 1809; inter- ment in Cooperstown, N. Y. Cooper, William Craig, a Representative from Ohio; born in Mount Vernon, Ohio, December 18, 1832; attended the public schools and Mount Ver- non academy; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1853; prosecuting attorney of Knox county, 1859-1863; mayor of Mount Vernon April, 1862-April, 1864; member of the general assembly of Ohio January, 1872-January, 1874; judge advo- cate general of Ohio, January, 1879-January, 1884; member of the board of education of Mount Vernon and president of the board; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); died in Mount Vernon, Ohio, August 29, 1902. Cooper, William R., a Representative from New Jersey; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841). Corbett, Henry Winslow, a Senator from Oregon; born in Westboro, Mass., February 18, 1827; moved with his parents to Washington county, N. Y.; pursued preparatory studies in Cambridge academy; engaged in business in Cambridge, N. Y., in 1840; moved to New York City in 1843, and was engaged in business there until- 1851; went with a stock of goods around Cape Horn to Portland, Oreg., in 1851; city treas- urer, member of the city council, and chairman of the Republican state central committee; elected a United States Senator as a Union Republican and served from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1873; was appointed a United States Senator, March 6, 1897, to fill a vacancy caused by the expiration of a term on March 3, 1897 the legislature having met and failed to elect; credentials were presented March 15, 1897, but he was not permitted to qualify and the Senate by resolution of January 26, 1898, declared he was not entitled to the seat; died in Portland, Oreg., March 31, 1903. Corker, Stephen A., a Representative from Georgia; elected upon the readmission of Georgia to the Union, to the Forty -first Congress; qualified under the act of July 11, 1868, and served from January 24, 1871, to March 3, 1871. Corlett, William W., a Delegate from Wyoming Territory; was elected a Delegate as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879). Corley, Manuel Simeon, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Lexington county, S. C., February 10, 1823; was a student in Lexing- ton academy four years; engaged in business in 1838; opposed the first attempt at secession of South Carolina in 1852, when an attempt was made to expel him from the state; editor of the South Caro- lina Temperance Standard in 1855 and 1856; en- tered the Confederate army in 1863; captured by the National troops at Petersburg, Va., April 2, 1865; took the oath of allegiance June 5, 1865; delegate to the constitutional convention of South Carolina in 1867; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); special agent of the United States Treasury in 1869; commissioner of agricultural statistics of South Carolina in 1870; treasurer of Lexington county in 1874; died in Lexington, S. C., Novem- ber 20, 1902. Corliss, John Blaisdell, a Representative from Michigan; born in Richford, Vt., June 7, 1851; attended the Vermont Methodist university; was graduated from the Columbian law school, Wash- ington, D. C., in 1875; settled in Detroit in Sep- tember, 1875, and engaged in practice; city at- torney of Detroit in 1881-1885; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1895- March 3, 1903); resumed the practice of law in Detroit, Mich. Cornell, Ezekiel, a Delegate from Rhode Island; born in Scituate, R. I. ; attended the public schools; mechanic; appointed lieutenant colonel in Hitch- cock's Rhode Island regiment in 1775; was present at the seige of Boston, was made deputy adjutant general October 1, 1776; appointed brigadier gen- eral of state troops in 1776 and served until March 16, 1780; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1780-1783; retired to his farm at Scituate, where he spent the remainder of his life. Cornell, Thomas, a Representative from New York; born in White Plains, N. Y., January 27, 1814; attended the public schools; engaged in steamboat transportation business between Ron- dout and New York City in 1843; president of sev- eral corporations; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); defeated for the Forty-first Congress; reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); delegate to the Republican national con- vention of 1884; Republican Presidential elector in 1888; died in Rondout, N. Y., March 30, 1890. Corning, Erastus, a Representative from New York; born in Norwich, Conn., December 14, 1794; moved to Troy, N. Y., and then to Albany in 1814 and established himself in iron manufacturing; state senator 1842-1845; alderman for several years and subsequently mayor; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); defeated for the Thirty -sixth Congress; member of the peace conference of 1861; again elected to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses and served from March 4, 1861, until March 3, 1863; resigned before taking his seat in the Thirty-eighth Congress; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1867; died in Albany, N. Y., April 9, 1872. Cornish, Johnston, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Bethlehem, Hunterdon county, N. J., June 13, 1858; attended the district school of Bethlehem township, and was graduated from the business college of Easton. Pa.; engaged in manufacturing; elected mayor of Washington, N. J., in 1884 and in 1886; .declined renomination in 570 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. 1887 and 1888; member of the state senate in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); member of the state senate 1899-1911; a resident of Washington, N. J., and interested in manufacturing and banking. Corwin, Franklin, a Representative from Illinois; born in Lebanon, Ohio, January 12, 1818; studied law, and in 1839 admitted to the bar; served in both branches of the state legislature; moved to Peru, 111., in 1857; served in the state legislature and was speaker of the house for two terms; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); defeated for the Forty-fourth Congress; resumed the prac- tice of law in Peru, 111.; died there June 15, 1879. Corwin, Moses Bledso, a Representative from Ohio; born in Bourbon county, Ky., January 5, 1790; spent the early part of his life on a farm; attended the public schools; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1812, and commenced practice in Urbana, Ohio; member of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1838-1839; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); reelected to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); died in Urbana, Ohio, April 7, 1872. Corwin, Thomas, a Representative and a Senator from Ohio; born in Bourbon county, Ky., July 29, 1794; moved with his parents to Lebanon, Ohio, in 1798; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice in Lebanon, Ohio; prosecuting attorney of Warren county 1818-1828; member of the state legislature 1822-1823, and 1829; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty -fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1831, to February 22, 1840, when he resigned, to take effect May 1, 1840; elected governor of Ohio in November, 1840; defeated in 1842; president of the Ohio Whig con- vention of 1844; declined a nomination for gov- ernor that year; presidential elector on the Clay ticket in 1844; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1845, to July 20, 1850, when he resigned, having been appointed Secre- tary of the Treasury by President Fillmore, and served from July 23, 1850, to March 7, 1853; again elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses and served from March 4, 1859, to March 12, 1861, when he was appointed by President Lincoln United States minister to Mexico and served in that capacity until Septem- ber 1, 1864; located in Washington, D. C., where he died, December 18, 1865. Cosden, Jeremiah, a Representative from Maryland ; presented creden tials as a member-elect to the Seventeenth Congress, took his seat, and served from March 4, 1821, to March 19, 1822, when he was succeeded by Philip Reed, who contested his election. Cosgrove, John, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Jefferson county, N. Y., September 12, 1839; attended the schools of New York; studied law in Watertown and admitted to the bar in October, 1863; moved to Missouri and was elected prosecuting attorney of Cooper county in November, 1872, and held the office two years; city attorney of Boonville, Mo., from April, 1877, to April, 1878, and from April, 1879, to April, 1881; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); resumed the prac- tice of law in Boonville, Mo. Cothran, James Sproull, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Abbeville county (then district), S. C., August 8, 1830; was graduated from the University of Georgia in Athens in 1852; studied law and admitted to the bar in 1854; entered the Confederate service as a private at the beginning of the Civil War and was with his com- pany at the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox, having attained the rank of captain; resumed the practice of law in Abbe- ville; elected solicitor of the eighth judicial circuit in 1876 and in 1880; appointed to the judgeship of the circuit to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Judge Thomson in 1881; elected by the legislature to the same office the following winter, and re- elected in 1885; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887- March 3, 1891); resumed the practice of law in Abbeville, S. C.; died in a sanitarium in the state of New York, December 5, 1897. Cottman, Joseph S., a Representative from Maryland; born in Somerset County, Md., August 16, 1803 ; completed preparatory studies; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1826, and commenced practice in Upper Trappe, Md . ; presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; elected as an Independent Whig to the Thirty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); died in Upper Trappe, Md., in 1863. Cotton, Aylett Raines, a Representative from Iowa; born in Austintown, Ohio, November 29, 1826; moved with his father to Iowa in 1844; student in Allegheny college, Meadville, Pa., in 1845; taught school in Fayette county, Tenn., in 1846-1847; studied law, and in 1848 admitted to the bar; went to California in 1849, and in 1851 returned to Lyons, Iowa; county judge of Clinton county in 1851-1853; prosecuting attorney in 1854; member of the state constitutional convention in 1857; member of the state house of representatives 1868-1870, and served as speaker the last term; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); returned to Califor- nia in 1883, and resumed the practice of law in San Francisco. Cottrell, James La Fayette, a Representative from Alabama; born in King William county, Va., August 25, 1808; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar and prac- ticed ; elected to the state house of representatives in 1834, 1836, and 1837, and to the state senate in 1838 for three years, and served as president in 1840; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William L. Yancey, and served from December 7, 1846, to March 3, 1847; nominated on the Cass electoral ticket in 1848, but resigned; moved to Florida; member of the state senate for several terms, beginning with 1865; appointed collector of customs in Cedar Keys, Fla., and served until his death, September 7, 1885. Coudrey, Harry Marcy, a Representative from Missouri; born in Brunswick, Mo., February 28, 1867; moved to St. Louis in 1878, where he attend- ed the public schools; was graduated from the Man- ual training school in 1886; from 1897 to 1899 mem- ber of the municipal assembly; identified with many corporations, clubs, and financial institu- tions; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress, but was not seated until near the end of the first session, after successfully contesting the election of Ernest E. Wood, Democrat; reelected to BIOGRAPHIES. 571 the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Coulter, Richard, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Westmoreland county, Pa.; studied law and practiced in Greensburg; elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1835); judge of the supreme court of Pennsylvania; died near Greensburg, Pa., April 21, 1852. Cousins, Robert Gordon, a Representative from Iowa; born in Cedar county, Iowa, in 1859; attended the common schools and was graduated from Cornell college, Mount Vernon, Iowa, in 1881; was admitted to the bar in 1882, and engaged in practice in Tipton, Iowa; elected to the Iowa legis- lature in 1886; elected prosecuting attorney and also presidential elector in 1888; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty- third, and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1909); declined renomination for the Sixty-first Congress; resumed the practice of law in Tipton, Iowa. Covert, James Way, a Representative from New York; born in Oyster Bay, N.Y., September 2, 1842; attended the public schools and an academy in Lo- cust Valley, N. Y.; studied law in New York City and Hushing; was admitted to the bar in 1863, and practiced in Flushing, N. Y.; elected school com- missioner of his assembly district in 1867, and held the position three years; acted as assistant district attorney of his county; elected surrogate of Queens county for the term commencing 1870, and held the position four years ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); member of the state senate 1882-1883; reelected to the Fifty-first, Fifty-sec- ond, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1895); moved to Brooklyn, N. Y., and re- sumed the practice of law; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., May 16, 1910. Covington, George Washington, a Represent- ative from Maryland; born in Berlin, Worcester county, Md., September 12, 1838; attended Buck- ingham academy and the law school of Harvard university; admitted to the bar and practiced; member of the constitutional convention of Mary- land in 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885); resumed the practice of law in Snow Hill, Md. ; died in New York City, April 6, 1911; interment in All Hallows cemetery, Snow Hill, Md. Covington, James Harry, a Representative from Maryland; born in Easton, Talbot county, Md., May 3, 1870; received an academic training in the public schools of Talbot county and the Mary- land military academy; entered the law depart- ment of the University of Pennsylvania in 1891; attended at the same time special lectures in his- tory, literature, and economics, and graduated with the degree of LL. B. in 1894; practiced his profession in Easton; state's attorney for Talbot county in 1903 for a term of four years; reelected in 1907; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). 'Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Covington, Leonard, a Representative from Maryland; born in Aquasco, Md., October 30, 1768; received a liberal schooling; entered the Army as cornet of Cavalry March 14, 1792; promoted to a captaincy, and resigned September 12, 1795; en- gaged in agricultural pursuits; member of the state house of representatives for several years; elected as a Democrat to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807); appointed by President Jefferson lieutenant colonel of light dragoons Jan- uary 9, 1809, and colonel February 15, 1809; pro- moted brigadier general August 1, 1813; mortally wounded at the battle of Chrystler's field, Novem- ber 11, 1813, and died in French's Mills, N. Y., November 14, 1813. Covode, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Westmoreland county, Pa., March 17, 1808; attended the public schools; engaged in agriculture, manufacturing, and transportation pursuits; largely interested in the coal trade; elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as an anti- Masonic Whig, and as a Republican to the Thirty- fifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1863); delegate to the Union National convention in Philadelphia, Pa., August 14, 1866; reelected to the Fortieth Con- gress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Forty-first Congress, but was refused admission; on February 9, 1870, the house declared Henry D. Foster duly elected; died in Harrisburg, Pa., January 11, 1871. Cowan, Edgar, a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Westmoreland County, Pa., September 19, 1815; was graduated from Franklin college, Ohio, 1839; by turn a raftsman, boat builder, school- master, and student of medicine; studied law and commenced practice in Greensburg, Pa., in 1842; presidential elector in 1860 on the Lincoln and Hamlin ticket; elected a United States Senator as a Republican and served from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1867; delegate to the Union national con- vention at Philadelphia in 1866; appointed min- ister to Austria in January, 1867, by President Johnson, but was not confirmed by the Senate; died in Greensburg, Pa., August 29, 1885. Cowan, Jacob Pitzer, a Representative from Ohio; born in Florence, Pa., March 20, 1823; moved with his parents to Steubenville, Ohio, in 1835; engaged in manufacturing until 1843; commenced the study of medicine; moved to Ashland county, Ohio, in 1846, where he commenced practice; was graduated from Starling medical college, Columbus, Ohio; member of the state legislature 1855-1857; resumed the practice of medicine in 1859; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); resumed the practice of medicine until his death in Ashland, Ohio, July 9, 1895. Co wen, Benjamin Sprague, a Representative from Ohio; born in Washington county, N. Y., September 27, 1793; attended the common schools; studied medicine; served in the War of 1812 as a private; moved to Moorefield, Ohio, in 1820, where he practiced medicine and studied law; admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice in St. Clairsville, Ohio; edited the Belmont Chronicle, 1836-1840; delegate to the national Whig conven- tion which nominated Harrison and Tyler in 1839 ; elected as an anti-Slavery Whig to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); member of the state house of representatives 1845 and 1846; became presiding judge of the court of common pleas in 1847; died in St. Clairsville, Ohio, September 27, 1860. 572 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Cowen, John Kissig, a Representative from Maryland; bora in Millersburg, Holmes county, Ohio, October 28, 1844; attended the public schools, the academies of Fredericksburg and Hayesville, Ohio; was graduated from Princeton college in 1866; studied at the law school of the Michigan University, Ann Arbor; was admitted to the bar of Ohio in 1868, and began practice in Mansfield, Ohio; moved to Baltimore, Md., in February, 1872, and practiced law; general counsel of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co.; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875- March 3, 1877); president of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co., 1896-1901; died in Chicago, III., April 25, 1904. Cowgill, Calvin, a Representative from Indiana; born in Clinton county, Ohio, January 7, 1819; at- tended the common schools; moved with his par- ents to Indiana in 1836; studied law in Winchester; moved to Wabash county, Ind., in 1846; engaged in practice; member of the state legislature in 1851, and of the special session of 1865; county treasurer from September 5, 1855, to September 5, 1859; provost-marshal of the eleventh district from June, 1862, to October, 1865; elected as a Republi- can to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879- March 3, 1881); resumed the practice of law in Wabash, Ind.; died there February 10, 1903. Cowherd, William Strother, a Representative from Missouri; born in Jackson county, Mo., Sep- tember 1, 1860; attended the public schools in the town of Lees Summit and was graduated from Uni- versity of Missouri, literary department, in 1881, and law department in 1882; entered practice in Kansas City; appointed assistant prosecuting attor- ney of Jackson county in 1885, and served four years; appointed first assistant city counselor of Kansas City in 1890; elected mayor of Kansas City in 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1905); resumed the practice of law in Kansas City, Mo. ; defeated Demo- cratic candidate for governor in 1908. Cowles, Charles H., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Charlotte, N. C., July 16, 1875; moved with parents to Wilkesboro in Decem- ber,1885; attended the common schools and com- pleted a commercial college course; alderman of Wilkesboro in 1897; deputy clerk of the United States court at Statesville and Charlotte 1899- 1901; private secretary to Representative Black- burn 1901-1903; was elected to the lower house of the North Carolina general assembly in 1904 and reelected in 1906; was a delegate in the Republi- can national conventions of 1904, 1908, and 1912; was elected to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); editor and publisher of the Wilkes Patriot, Wilkesboro, N. C. Cowles, George Washington, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Otisco, N. Y., Decem- ber 6, 1823; was graduated from Hamilton college, New York, in 1845; taught school until 1853; studied law until 1854, and was admitted to the bar; judge of Wayne county, N. Y., from January 1, 1864, to October 30, 1869; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1871); again served as county judge of Wayne county, from January 1, 1874, to January 1, 1880, and from January 1, 1886, until his death in Clyde, N. Y., January 20, 1901. Cowles, Henry Booth, a Representative from New York; born in Hartford, Conn., March 18, 1798; moved with his father to Dutchess county, N. Y., in 1809; was graduated from Union college in 1816; studied law, was admitted to the bar and com- menced practice in Putnam county; member of the state house of representatives 1826-1828; elected to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, '1831); moved to New York City in 1834 and practiced law until his death May 17, 1873. Cowles, William Henry Harrison, a Repre- sentative from North Carolina; born in Hampton- ville, N. C., April 22, 1840; attended the common schools and academies of his native county; en- tered the Confederate service as a private in com- pany A, first North Carolina cavalry, and served from the spring of 1861 to the close of the war with the Army of Northern Virginia, holding the posi- tions of captain, major, and lieutenant colonel of his regiment; twice wounded severely; entered upon the study of law in Richmond Hill, Yadkin county, in 1866; obtained a county-court license in January, 1867, and that of the superior court in January, 1868; moved to Wilkesboro; reading clerk of the senate of North Carolina in the sessions of 1872-73 and 1873-74; elected solicitor of the tenth judicial district in 1874 and served for four years; member of the Democratic State executive com- mittee for eight years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-sec- ond Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1893); died in Wilkesboro, N. C., December 30, 1901. Cox, Isaac Newton, a Representative from New York; born in Fallsburg, Sullivan county, N. Y., August 1, 1846; located in Ellenville in his boyhood, where he received academic training; elected supervisor 1875 and 1883-1886, and served as chairman of the board the last year; served four years on the Democratic state committee; dele- gate to Democratic conventions, state and local; appointed by President Cleveland chairman of the commission to make an examination of the North- ern Pacific railroad in 1886; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); engaged in the mercantile, lumbering, and banking business in Ellenville, N. Y. Cox, Jacob Dolson, a Representative from Ohio; born in Montreal, Canada, October 27, 1828; reared in the city of New York; moved to Ohio in 1846; was graduated from Oberlin college in 1851; studied law, in 1853 admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Warren, Ohio; member of the state senate in 1859; entered the Union Army as brigadier general of Ohio Volunteers April 23, 1861; major general of volunteers October 6, 1862; re- signed January 1, 1866; elected governor of Ohio in October, 1865; moved to Cincinnati and resumed the practice of law; Secretary of the Interior in President Grant's first Cabinet, March 5, 1869, to November 1, 1870; made president of the Wabash railroad in 1873; elected to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); dean of the Cincin- nati law school 1881-1897; president of the Univer- sity of Cincinnati; died in Magnolia, Mass., August 4, 1900. Cox, James, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Monmouth, N. J., June 14, 1753; attended the public schools; commanded a company of militia at the battles of Germantown and of Mon- mouth and attained the rank of brigadier general; member of the state assembly for several years, and served one year as speaker; elected as a Madi- BIOGRAPHIES. 573 son Democrat to the Eleventh Congress and served from March 4, 1809, until his death in Monmouth, N. J., September 12, 1810. Cox, James M., a Representative from Ohio; born near Jacksonburg, Butler county, Ohio, March 31, 1870; attended country schools, and the high school in Amanda, Ohio; worked upon a farm, and in the mechanical and editorial departments of a daily newspaper; became owner and publisher of the Dayton Daily News and the Springfield Daily News; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reekcted to the Sixty-second Congress. Cox, Leander Martin, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Cumberland county, Va., May 7, 1812; completed academic studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; moved to Flemingsburg, Ky.; captain in the third Ken- tucky volunteers in the Mexican War, in 1847; presidential elector on the Scott and Graham ticket in 1852; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Con- gress, and as an American to the Thirty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857); defeated for the Thirty-fifth Congress; died in Flemingsburg, Ky., March 19, 1865. Cox, Nicholas Nichols, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Bedford county, Tenn., Jan- uary 6, 1837; moved with his parents to Seguin, Texas, when a small boy; attended the common schools; was graduated from the Lebanon, Tenn., law school in 1858, and licensed to practice the same year; Confederate colonel, and served during most of the war with Gen. Forrest; located in Franklin, Williamson county, Tenn.; engaged in farming; presidential elector on the Breckin- ridge and Lane ticket in 1860; elector in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second, Fifty- third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1901); resumed the practice of law in Franklin, Tenn. Cox, Samuel Sullivan, a Representative from Ohio and New York; born in Zanesville, Ohio, September 30, 1824; attended Ohio university, Athens, and was graduated from Brown university in 1846; studied Taw, was admitted to the bar and practiced; owner and editor of the Columbus (Ohio) Statesman 1853-1854; appointed secre- tary of legation to Peru in 1855; delegate to the Democratic national conventions of 1864 and 1868; elected as a Democrat from Ohio to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1865); moved to New York City March 4, 1865, and practiced law; reelected from New York to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); unsuccessful candidate of the Democrats and Liberal Republicans for Representative at large to the Forty- third Congress; subsequently elected to the Forty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Brooks; reelected to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses, and served from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1885; appointed Speaker pro tempore of the House June 7, 1876, and elected Speaker pro tempore June 19, 1876, and served until he vacated the office, June 24, 1876; elected to the Forty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph Pulitzer; re- elected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses, and served from December 6, 1886, until his death in New York City, September 10, 1889. Cox, William Elijah, a Representative from In- diana; born in Dubois county, Ind., September 6, 1865; was graduated from the Lebanon university, of Lebanon, Tenn., and from the law department of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; was admitted to the bar July 10, 1889; served as prose- cuting attorney of his judicial district from 1892 to 1898; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Cox, William Ruffin, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Scotland Neck, N. C., March 11, 1832; moved to Tennessee; was graduated from Franklin college in 1851 and from the Leba- non law school in 1853; practiced law in Nashville, Tenn., 1853-1857; returned to North Carolina in 1857 and engaged in planting in Edgecombe coun- ty; removed to Raleigh, N. C., in 1859; early in the war entered the Confederate army as major of the second North Carolina state troops; became brigadier general, and commanded his division in the last charge at Appomattox; resumed prac- tice of law in Raleigh ; elected solicitor of the Met- ropolitan district and held the office for six years; appointed judge of the superior court for the same district; delegate to Democratic national conven- tion in New York and declined same honor for St. Louis convention; several years chairman of the Democratic state committee; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1887); elected Secretary of the United States Senate April 6, 1893, and qualified August 7, 1893, and served until January 31, 1900; resumed agricultural pur- suits in North Carolina with residence in Raleigh. Coxe, Tench, a Delegate from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., May 22, 1755; received a liberal schooling; engaged in mercantile pursuits; resigned from the Pennsylvania militia in 1776, turned loyalist, and joined the British army under Howe in 1777; was arrested, paroled, and began a long political career as a Whig; commissioner to the Federal convention at Annapolis in 1786; dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1787-1788; be- came a Federalist and was made Assistant Secre- tary of the Treasury in 1790; revenue commis- sioner in 1792 ; purveyor of the public supplies 1803- 1812; called the father of the cotton industry in America; died in Philadelphia, Pa., July 17, 1824. Coxe, William, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Burlington, N. J., May 3, 1762; member of the state house of representatives, and served as speaker one year; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); died in Burlington, N. J., February 25, 1831. Crabb, George Whitneld, a Representative from Alabama; born in Botetourt county, Va., Feb- ruary 22, 1804; attended the public schools; moved to Tuscaloosa, Ala., elected assistant secretary of the state senate and subsequently comptroller of public accounts; served in the Florida Indian W r ar of 1836 as lieutenant colonel of the Alabama volunteers; member of the state senate of Ala- bama and major general of militia; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Joab Lawler; reelected to the Twenty-sixth Congress and served from Sep- tember 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841; defeated for the Twenty-seventh Congress; appointed judge of the county court of Mobile in 1846; died in Philadel- phia, Pa., August 15, 1846; interment in Green- wood cemetery, Tuscaloosa, Ala. 574 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Crabb, Jeremiah, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Maryland; lieutenant in the first regiment Maryland line from 1777 until his resig- nation April 1, 1778; elected to the Fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1795, to 1796, when he resigned ; a resident of Montgomery county, Md. Cradlebaugh, John, a Delegate from the Terri- tory of Nevada; born in Circlevfile, Ohio, February 22, 1819; attended the common schools, Ken yon college, and Oxford university in Ohio; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, appointed United States district judge for the district of Utah; moved to Carson City, Nev. Ty. ; elected a Dele- gate to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); served in the Union army during the Civil war as colonel of the one hundred and fourteenth Ohio regiment, wounded at Vicks- burg; moved to Eureka, Nev., and engaged in mining business until his death, February 22, 1872. Crafts, Samuel Chandler, a Representative and a Senator from Vermont; born in Woodstock, Conn., October 6, 1768; was graduated from Har- vard college in 1790; moved to Vermont with his father, who founded the town of Craftsbury, of which he was town clerk 1792-1829 ; youngest dele- gate to the Vermont constitutional convention of 1793; member of the State house of representatives in 1796, 1800, 1801, 1803, and 1805, and clerk of the house 1798-99; register of probate 1796-1815; judge of the Orleans county court 1800-1810; chief judge 1810-1816; 1825-1828; elected to the Fifteenth, Six- teenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1825); governor of Ver- mont 1829-1832; member of the Vermont constitu- tional convention of 1829 and served as president; appointed by the governor and subsequently elected to the United States Senate, to fill the va- cancy caused by the resignation of Samuel Pren- tiss, and served from April 23, 1842, until March 3, 1843; died in Craftsbury, Vt., November 19, 1853. Cragin, Aaron Harrison, a Representative and a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Weston, Vt., February 3, 1821; completed preparatory studies; studied law and in 1847 admitted to the bar in Albany, N . Y. ; commenced practice in Leba- non, N. H. ; member of the state house of represen- tatives 1852-1855; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress and as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3,1859); resumed the practice of law; again a member of the state legislature in 1859; delegate to the Republi- can national convention of 1860; elected a United States Senator and reelected; served from March 4, 1865, to March 3, 1877; appointed by President Hayes one of the commissioners for the purchase of the Hot Springs reservation in Arkansas, and chairman 1877-1879; died in Washington, D. C., May 10, 1898. Craig, Alexander Kerr, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Buffalo township, Wash- ington county, Pa., February 21, 1828; attended the common schools; became a teacher and contin- ued the avocation, with short interruptions, until 1885; then devoted himself to agriculture; enlisted February, 1865, in the eighty-seventh Pennsylva- nia infantry and was present at the surrender at Appomattox; school director and justice_ of the peace; nominated as a Democrat to the Fifty-sec- ond Congress, and after a contest was seated Feb- ruary 26, 1892, and served until his death in Clays- ville, Pa., July 29, 1892. Craig, George Henry, a Representative from Alabama; born in Cahaba, Dallas county, Ala., December 25, 1845; attended the Cahaba academy and the University of Alabama; entered tho Con- federate army as a private in Col. Byrd's regiment, Alabama volunteers ? at Mobile; at expiration of term entered the University of Alabama as a cadet; promoted to first lieutenant of infantry and in 1863 again entered the Confederate service and re- mained until the end of the war; studied law in Selma, Ala., and was admitted to practice in De- cember, 1867; elected solicitor of Dallas county in 1868; appointed sheriff of Dallas county in March, 1869; elected as judge of the criminal court of Dallas county in March, 1870; appointed by the governor in July, 1874, judge of the first judicial circuit, to fill an unexpired term; elected judge of the first judicial circuit, November 4, 1874; retired to practice in Selma, Ala.; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885), but the certificate was given Charles M. Shelley; successfully contested as a Republican the election of Charles M. Shelley to the Forty-eighth Congress and served from January 9, 1885, until March 3, 1885; appointed U. S. attorney for mid- dle and northern districts of Alabama by Presi- dent Arthur; resumed the practice of law in Selma, Ala. Craig, Hector, a Representative from New York; born in Paisly, Scotland, in 1775; came to the United States and located in Craigsville, Or- ange county, N. Y., in 1790; located the town, built a paper mill and grist and saw mills; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); reelected to the Twenty-first Congress and served from March 4, 1829, to July 12, 1830, when he resigned; appointed surveyor of the port of New York by President Jackson in 1830; United States commissioner of in- solvency in 1832; surveyor of customs in New York 1833-1839; died in Craigsville, N. Y., Janu- ary 31, 1842; interment in Blooming Grove ceme- tery. Craig, James, a Representative from Missouri; born in Washington county, Pa., May 7, 1820; studied law and moved to St. Joseph, Mo., where he commenced practice; captain of a volunteer com- pany in the Mexican War; state attorney for the twelfth judicial circuit 1852-1856; member of the Missouri legislature 1856-57; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); on March 21, 1862, commissioned brigadier general of volunteers by President Lincoln; first president of the Hannibal & St. Joseph railroad and first comptroller of the city of St. Joseph; negotiated the Platt purchase, which comprised all of northwest Missouri; died in St. Joseph, Mo., October 21, 1888. Craig, Robert, a Representative from Virginia; born near Christiansburg, Montgomery county, Va., in 1792; attended public schools and was graduated from Lewisburg academy, Greenbriar county; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833); defeated for the Twenty-third Congress; re- elected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1841); died in Green Hill, near Salem, Roanoke county, Va., in 1852. Craig, Samuel Alfred, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Brook ville, Jefferson county, Pa., November 19, 1839; attended the BIOGRAPHIES. 575 common schools of his native town and Jefferson college, Canonsburg, Pa.; learned the printer's trade and taught school; enlisted in the Union Army as a private April 19, 1861; promoted to sec- ond lieutenant, first lieutenant, and captain com- pany B, one hundred and fifth Pennsylvania vol- unteers; was severely wounded three times; com- missioned captain in the veteran reserve corps, United States Army, and served continuously four years and three months; studied law; admitted to practice in 1876, and practiced; elected district attorney of Jefferson county in 1878; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); resumed the practice of law in Brookville, Pa. Craig, William. Benjamin, a Representative from Alabama; born in Selma, Ala., November 2, 1877; attended thepublicand highschoolsof Selma, and in June, 1898, was graduated from the law department of Cumberland University, Lebanon, Tenn.; in June, 1898, engaged in the practice of law; state senator from January 1, 1903, to January 1, 1907; elected to the Sixtieth and Sixty -first Con- gresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911); declined a nomination for the Sixty-second Congress; resumed the practice of law in Selma, Ala. Craige, Burton Francis, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Rowan county, N. C., March 13, 1811; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1829; studied law and com- menced practice in Salisbury; member of the house of commons of North Carolina 1832 and 1834; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third, Thirty- fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1853, until 1861, when he resigned; delegate to the convention which dis- solved the union between North Carolina and the other states ; delegate to the provisional congress of the Confederacy which met in Richmond in July, 1861; died in Concord, N. C., December 30, 1875. Craik, William, a Representative from Mary- land; born near Port Tobacco, Md.; received a lib- eral schooling; studied law and practiced; elected to the Fourth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jeremiah Crabb; reelected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses and served from De- cember 5, 1796, to March 3, 1801; appointed a judge of the United States district court and subsequently chief justice of the fifth judicial district of Mary- land. Crain, William Henry, a Representative from Texas; born in Galveston, Tex., November 25, 1848; was graduated from St. Francis Xavier's college, New York City, July 1, 1867; studied law in Indianola, and admitted to practice in February, 1871; practiced law; elected state senator in Feb- ruary, 1876; elected district attorney of the twenty- third judicial district of Texas in November, 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -ninth and to the five succeeding Congresses; served from March 4, 1885, until his death in Washington, D. C., Feb- ruary 6, 1896. Cramer, John, a Representative from New York; born in Waterford, N.Y., September 26, 1779; presidential elector on the Jefferson and Clinton ticket in 1804; served in the state house of represent- atives in 1806 and 1811 ; member of the state senate 1823-1825; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1821 ; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); again served in the state assembly in 1842; died in Waterford, N. Y., June 1, 1870. Crane, Joseph Halsey, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Elizabeth town, N . J . , August 31, 1782 ; attended Princeton college ; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar of New Jersey in 1802, and practiced ; moved to Dayton, Ohio, in 1803 and practiced law; was president judge of the court of common pleas for many years; member of the state legisla- ture in 1809; judge of circuit court in 1813; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty -fourth Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1837); died in Dayton, Ohio, November 12, 1851. Crane, Stephen, a Delegate from New Jersey; born in that state; Delegate in the Continental Congress, 1774-1776. Crane, Winthrop Murray, a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Dalton, Mass., April 23, 1853; was graduated from Williston seminary, Easthanipton, Mass.; engaged in the manufacture of paper; delegate-at-large to the Republican national conventions of 1892, 1896, 1904, and 1908; selected as the Massachusetts member of the Re- publican national committee in 1892, 1896, 1904, and 1908; lieutenant governor of Massachusetts, 1897-1899, and governor 1900-1902; appointed to the United States Senate October 12, 1904, to fill vacancy caused by the death of George F. Hoar, and served from October 12, 1904; elected in Janu- ary, 1905, to fill the unexpired term, and reelected in 1907 for the term ending March 3, 1913. Cranf ord, John Walter, a Representative from Texas; born near Grove Hill, Clarke county, Ala., about 1862; attended the common and high schools of Alabama, and finished preparatory studies under a private tutor; moved to Texas; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected to the state senate in 1888 for a term of four years, and reelected in 1892; elected president pro tempore of the twenty-second senate; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-fifth Congress, and served from March 4, 1897, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 2, 1899. Cranston, Henry Young, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Newport, R. I., Octo- ber 9, 1789; attended .the public schools; engaged in business in New Bedford, Mass., and in Newport, R. I., 1810-1815; studied law; in 1819 admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Newport; clerk of the court of common pleas 1818-1833; member and vice president of the convention that framed the state constitution; member of the state house of representatives 1827-1843; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); again a member of the state house of representatives and served three years as speaker; died in Newport, R. I., February 12, 1864. Cranston, Robert Bennie, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Newport, R. I., Janu- ary 14, 1791; attended the public schools; employed in the collection of internal revenue; sheriff of Newport county; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843); postmaster of Newport; member of the state senate and house of representatives for several years, and served one year as speaker of the house; again elected, as a Law and Order Whig, to the Thirtieth Congress 576 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849; Republican presi- dential elector in 1864; died in Newport, R. I., January 27, 1873. Crapo, William Wallace, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Dartmouth, Mass., May 16, 1830; attended the public schools of New Bedford and Phillips academy, Andover, and was gradu- ated from Yale college in 1852; studied law at Dane law school, Cambridge; admitted to the bar in February, 1855, and practiced; member of the state legislature in 1857 ; elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of James Buffington; reelected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- gresses, and served from December 8, 1875, to March 3, 1883; returned to New Bedford, Mass., resumed the practice of law, and engaged in bank- ing and manufacturing. Crary, Isaac Edwin, a Delegate and Repre- sentative from Michigan; born in Preston, Conn., October 2, 1804; attended the public schools, and was graduated from Trinity college, Hartford, Conn., in its .first class in 1827; studied law, ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Marshall, Mich., in 1833; delegate in the state con- stitutional convention of 1835; elected as a Demo- crat a Delegate, and subsequently a Representa- tive, to the Twenty -fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1841); regent of Michigan University 1837-1844; member of the state board of education 1850-1852; editor of the Marshall Expounder for several years; member of the state legislature 1842-1846, and speaker of the lower house in 1846; died in Marshall, Mich., May 8, 1854. Cravens, James Addison,a Representative from Indiana; born in Rockingham County, Va., No- vember 4, 1818; moved with his father to Indiana in 1820; attended the public schools; engaged in farming and stock raising; served in the war with Mexico as major of the Second Indiana Volunteers from June, 1846, to 1847; member of the state house of representatives 1848-1849, and of the state senate 1850-1853; commissioned brigadier general of militia in 1854; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1865); delegate to the Union na- tional convention in Philadelphia in 1866, and to the Democratic national convention in New York in 1868; died in Hardinsburg, Ind., June 20, 1893. Cravens, James Harrison, a Representative from Indiana; born in Harrisonburg, Rockingham county, Va., August 2, 1802; moved to Madison, Ind., 'in 1829, and engaged in agricultural pur- suits; later removed to Ripley county, where he practiced law and managed a farm; a Presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1840; elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); defeated as the Free Soil candidate for gvernor; lieutenant colonel of the eighty -third regiment of Indiana volunteers in the Civil War; died in Osgood, Ind., December 4, 1876; inter- ment in Versailles, Ind. Cravens, Jordan Edgar, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Fredericktown, Madison county, Mo., November 8, 1830; his father moved to Arkansas the following year; received a com- mon school training, and was graduated from the Spring River academy, Mo., in 1850; studied law, and admitted to the bar in 1854, and afterwards practiced; member of the state house of represen- tatives in 1860; entered the Confederate army in 1861 as a private, promoted to colonel in 1862, and continued in the service until the close of the war; located in Clarksville, Ark.; prosecuting attorney in 1865-1866; member of the state senate in 1866-1868; presidential elector on the Greeley ticket in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); resumed the prac- tice of law in Clarksville, Ark. Cravens, William Ben, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Fort Smith, Ark., January 17, 1872; was graduated from the law school of Mis- souri University in 1893; elected city attorney of Fort Smith for two terms of two years each, and prosecuting attorney of the twelfth judicial dis- trict of Arkansas for three terms of two years each ; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Crawford, Coe I., a Senator from South Dakota; born near Volney, Allamakee county, Iowa, Jan- uary 14, 1858; attended the common and graded schools, and was instructed by a private tutor; was graduated from the law department of the University of Iowa in 1882; located in Independ- ence, Iowa, and after one year in practice went to Pierre, Dakota Territory, where he continued in the practice of law thirteen years; was state's attorney of Hughes county 1887-1888; member of the Territorial legislature in 1889; upon the ad- mission of South Dakota into the Union as a State, in 1889, became a member of the first state senate; attorney general in 1892, and reelected in 1894; candidate for Congressman at large in 189G as a Republican, and was defeated; attorney for the Chicago & Northwestern railway Company for the state of South Dakota in 1897, and moved to Huron; president of the South Dakota state bar association in 1899; resigned the railroad attorney- ship in 1903; governor 1906-1907; nominated under the new primary law, June 9, 1908, as the Repub- lican candidate for United States Senator, and was elected for the term beginning March 4, 1909. Crawford, George Washington, a Represen- tative from Georgia; born in Columbia county, Ga., December 22, 1798; was graduated from Princeton college in 1820; studied law, and in 1822 commenced practice in Augusta, Ga.; attorney general of the state 1827-1831; member of the state house of representatives 1837-1842; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Richard W. Habersham, and served from February 1, 1843, to March 3, 1843; governor of Georgia in 1843 and reelected in 1845; appointed by President Taylor Secretary of War and served from March 8, 1849, to July 23, 1850; presided over the state conven- tion in 1861, when Georgia decided to cecede from the Union; died in his home near Augusta, Ga., July 22, 1872. Crawford, Joel, a Representative from Georgia; born in Columbia county, Ga., June 15, 1783; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law at the Litchfield law school, and in 1808 commenced practice in Sparta, but moved to Milledgeville, Ga., in 1811 ; served in the war against the Creek Indians as second lieutenant and aid-de-camp to Brigadier General Floyd 1813-14; resumed the practice of law in Milledgeville; member of the state house of representatives 18141817; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses BIOGKAPHIES. 577 (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821); returned to Sparta, Hancock county, in 1828; member of the state senate for three years; appointed a commissioner to run the bounbary line between Alabama and Georgia in 1826; unsuccessful candiadte for gov- ernor in 1828 and in 1831; elected in 1837 a state commissioner to locate and construct the Western & Atlantic railroad; died in Early county, Ga., April 5, 1858. Crawford, Martin Jenkins, a Representa- tive from Georgia; born in Jasper county, Ga., March 17, 1820; attended the Mercer university; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1839 and practiced in Columbus, Ga.; engaged also in farming; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1845-1847; elected delegate to the Southern convention at Nashville in May, 1850; judge of the superior courts of the Chattahoochee circuit 1853-1855; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Con- gresses and served from March 4, 1855, to January 23, 1861, when he withdrew: elected to the Confed- erate provisional congress and served from January 1861, to February 22, 1862; appointed by Presi- dent Davis a special commissioner to the Gov- ernment of the United States at Washington; raised the third Georgia cavalry regiment in May, 1862; served with it one year, and then placed on the staff with Maj. Gen. Howell Cobb, on which he served until the close of the war; in September, 1875, appointed judge of the superior court of the Chattahoochee circuit, to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Judge James Johnson, and re- appointed in 1877 for eight years; elevated to the supreme court of Georgia in 1880, to fill a vacancy; reappointed and served until his death in Colum- bus, Ga., July 23, 1883. Crawford, Thomas Hartley, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Chambersburg, Pa., November 14, 1786; was graduated from Princeton college in 1804; studied law, and in 1807 com- menced practice in Chambersburg; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty- second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833); member of the state house of representatives in 1833; appointed a commissioner to investigate al- leged frauds in the sale of the Creek Reservation in 1836; appointed by President Van Buren Com- missioner of Indian Affairs, and served from Octo- ber 22, 1838, to October 30, 1845; appointed by President Polk judge of the criminal court of the District of Columbia in 1845, and served until his death, in Washington, D. C., January 27, 1863. Crav/ford, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Paisley, Scotland, in 1760; received a liberal schooling; studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, and in 1791 received his degree; emigrated to the United States and settled near Gettysburg, Pa. ; purchased a farm on Marsh Creek in 1795, where he spent the rest of his life practicing medicine; associate judge for Adams county; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1817); died in Adams county, Pa., in 1823. Crawford, William Harris, a Senator from Georgia; born in Amherst county, Va., February 24, 1772; moved with his father to Edgefield dis- trict, S. C., in 1779, and to Columbia county, Ga., in 1783; pursued classical studies in a private school and in Richmond academy, Augusta, Ga.; studied law and commenced practice in Lexing- 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 37 ton, Ga., in 1799; appointed to prepare a digest of the laws of Georgia in 1799; member of the state house of representatives 1803-1807; elected a United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Abraham Baldwin, and served from November 7, 1807, to March 23, 1813, when he resigned; elected President of the Senate pro tempore March 24, 1812; declined the position of Secretary of War offered him by President Madi- son in 1813; accepted the mission to France; served from April 3, 1813, to April 22, 1815; re- turned home to act as agent for the sale of the land donated by Congress to La Fayette; accepted the position as Secretary of War August 1, 1815; was transferred to the Treasury October 22, 1816, and served under Presidents Madison and Monroe until March 7, 1825; defeated as the Democratic candidate for President in 1824; on account of illness refused the tender of President Adams that he remain Secretary of the Treasury; his course as Secretary of the Treasury was criticised and was made the subject of Congressional investiga- tion, but committee unanimously declared the charges unfounded; returned to Georgia and ap- pointed judge of the northern circuit court in 1827, which position he held until his death, in Elberton, Ga., September 15, 1834. Crawford, William Thomas, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Hay wood, N. C., June 1, 1856; attended the public schools and Waynesville academy; elected to the legisla- ture in 1884 and reelected in 1886; elector on the Cleveland and Thurman ticket in 1888; was grad- uated from the law department of the state uni- versity in 1890 and obtained license to practice in 1891; elected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); defeated for a seat in the Fifty-fourth Congress, reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress, and on a contest by Rich- mond Pearson was unseated by a majority of 1 vote; defeated for reelection in 1900; elector on the Parker and Davis ticket in 1904; elected to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of law in Waynesville, N. C. Creamer, Thomas James, a Representative from New York; born near Garadice Lake, Ireland, May 26, 1843; emigrated to the United States and took up his residence in New York City ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; shipping clerk in a dry goods house in 1860; member of the state house of representatives in 1865, 1866, and 1867; served in the state senate 1868-1871 ; city tax commissioner for five years; acted as counsel for state commissions to revise the tax laws; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); delegate to three Democratic national conventions; reelected to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 190*3); resumed the practice of law in New York City. Crebs, John Montgomery, a Representative from Illinois; born in Middleburg, Loudoun county, Va., April 9, 1830; moved with his parents in 1837 to Illinois, where he worked on a farm; attended the public schools; studied law; in 1852 admitted to the bar; commenced practice in White county, 111. ; entered the Union Army as lieutenant colonel in 1862; took part in the Mississippi, Vicks- burg, and Arkansas campaigns; commanded a brigade of cavalry in the Department of the Gulf, and after the close of the war resumed law practice; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first and Forty- second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); died in Carmi, 111., June 26, 1890. 578 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Creely, John V., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; elected to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873). Creighton, William, jr., a Representative from Ohio; born in Berkeley county, Va., October 29, 1778; was graduated from Dickinson college; studied law, and in 1798 admitted to the bar; com- menced practice in Chillicothe, Ohio; secretary of state in 1803; elected as a Democrat to the Thir- teenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813- March 3, 1817); elected to the Twentieth Congress, but resigned in 1828; reelected to the Twenty- first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829- March 3, 1833); appointed a judge of the United States court for the district of Ohio; died in Chilli- cothe, Ohio, October 8. 1851. Ores-well, John Angel James, a Representa- tive and a Senator from Maryland; born in Port Deposit, Md., November 18, 1828; was graduated from Dickinson college in 1848 ; studied law and was admitted to the Baltimore bar in 1850; delegate in the Democratic National convention of 1856 ; repre- sentative in the state legislature in 1861; adjutant general of the state 1862-1863; elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); elected a United States Senator, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Thomas H. Hicks; served from March 9, 1865, to March 3, 1867; delegate in the Republican national conventions in 1864 and 1868; was elected secretary of the United States Senate in 1868, but declined; postmaster general in President Grant's first ad- ministration, March 5, 1869, to July 3, 1874; mem- ber of the Alabama claims commission 1874-1876 ; one of the commissioners to close up the affairs of the Freedman's savings and trust company; presi- dent of two banks; died in Elkton, Md., December 23, 1891. Crisfleld, John Woodland, a Representative from Maryland; born in Kent county, Md.,. Novem- ber 6, 1808; educated at Washington college, Ches- tertown; studied law; in 1830 admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Somerset county, Md. ; member of the state legislature in 1836; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847- March 3, 1849); delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1850; delegate to the peace confer- ence in 1861; elected as a Union Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-eighth Congress; delegate to the national Union conven- tion in Philadelphia in 1866 ; died in Princess Anne, Somerset county, Md., January 12, 1897. Crisp, Charles Frederick, a Representative from Georgia; born in Sheffield, England, January 29, 1845; came with his parents to the United States the year of his birth; attended thex:ommon schools of Savannah and Macon, Ga. ; entered the Confeder- ate army in May, 1861; lieutenant in company K; tenth Virginia infantry, and served with that regiment until the 12th of May, 1864, when he became a prisoner of war; upon his release from Fort Delaware in June, 1865, joined his parents at Ellaville, Schley county, Ga. ; read law at Amer- icus, and admitted to the bar there in 1866; began the practice of law at Ellaville; appointed solic- itor general of the southwestern judicial circuit in 1872, and reappointed in 1873 for a term of four years; appointed judge of the superior court of the same circuit in June, 1877; elected by the general assembly to the same office in 1878; reelected judge for a term of four years in 1880; resigned that office in September, 1882, to accept Democratic nomina- tion for Congress; permanent president of the Dem- ocratic convention which assembled at Atlanta in April, 1883, to nominate a candidate for governor; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and the six succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1883, until his death; was Speaker of the House of Representatives in the Fifty-second and Fifty- third Congresses; nominated for United States Senator in state primary of 1896; died in Atlanta, Ga., October 23, 1896; interment in Americus, Ga. Crisp, Charles Robert, a Representative from Georgia; born in Ellaville, Schley county, Ga., October 19, 1870; attended the public schools of Americus, Ga.; clerk in the Interior Department, Washington, D. C., and at the Speaker's table in the National House of Representatives 1888-1895; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1895, and practiced ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of his father, Charles F. Crisp; after expiration of his term he resumed the practice of law in Americus, Ga., and later became judge of the court of Sumter county; again clerk at the Speaker's table in the House of Representatives in the Sixty-second Congress. Crist, Henry, a representative from Kentucky; born in Virginia in 1764; moved with his father to Pennsylvania, where he attended the public schools; moved to Bullitt county, Ky., in 1788, and engaged in the manufacture of salt; member of the state house of representatives in 1795, and of the state senate, 1800-1804 ; elected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); died in Bullitt county, Ky., in 1844. Critcher, John, a Representative from Virginia; born in Westmoreland county, Va., March 11, 1820; was graduated from the University of Vir- ginia in 1839; studied at the University of France for three years; studied law and practiced; elected to the state senate and to the state convention of 1861; lieutenant colonel of cavalry in the Confed- erate army; appointed judge of tiie eighth judicial circuit of Virginia, but removed by the 30-day resolution of Congress; elected as a Conservative to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1873); died in Alexandria, Va., Septem- ber 27, 1901. Crittenden, John Jordan, a Senator and a Representative from Kentucky; born near Ver- sailles, Woodford county, Ky., September 10, 1787; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1806; attorney general of Illinois Territory 1809- 1810; served in the War of 1812 as aid to Gov. Shelby; practiced law in Russellville, Ky.; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1811- 1817, and was speaker the last term; United States Senator from Kentucky, and served from March 4, 1817, to March 3, 1819, when he resigned; removed to Frankfort, Ky., in 1819; served several years in the state house of representatives; appointed United States district attorney in 1827, but was removed by President Jackson in 1829; again United States Senator and served from March 4, 1835, to March 3, 1841; appointed Attorney General of the United States by President Harrison, and served from March 5, 1841, to September 13, 1841; again appointed United States Senator, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry Clay; subsequently elected to fill the vacancy and served from March 31, 1842, to June 12, 1848, when he resigned; elected governor of Kentucky in 1848 BIOGRAPHIES. 579 and served until July 22, 1850, when he resigned; again appointed Attorney General, and this time by President Fillmore and served from July 22, 1850, to March 7, 1853; again elected United States Senator and served from March 4, 1855, to March 3, 1861; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); died in Frankfort, Ky., July 26, 1863. Crittenden, Thomas Theodore, a Repre- sentative from Missouri; born in Shelby county, Ky., January 2, 1834; was graduated from Centre college, Danville, Ky., in April, 1855; studied law in Frankfort; afterwards practiced in Lexington, Ky., and Warrensburg, Mo. ; served in the Mexican and Civil wars; second lieutenant of Willcock's battalion Missouri volunteers August 3, 1846, to September 28, 1847; captain sixth Indiana infan- try April 19, 1861; colonel April 27, 1861; colonel of sixth Indiana infantry September 20, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers April 28, 1862; resigned May 5, 1863; appointed attorney general of Missouri in 1864 to fill 'out the unexpired term of Ackmen Welsh, deceased; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1875), and again elected to the Forty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); governor of Missouri 1881-1885; appointed United States consul general to Mexico April 5, 1893, and served until 1897; died in Kansas City, Mo., May 29, 1909. Crocheron, Henry, a Representative from New York; born in Richmond Hill, Queens county, N. Y., December 26, 1772; attended common schools and engaged in business as a general mer- chant in the town of Northfield; held local and county offices; elected as a Democrat to the Four- teenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); died in New Springville, N. Y., October 15, 1819. Crocheron, Jacob, a Representative from New York; sheriff of Richmond county; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1837. Crocker, Alyah, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Leominster, Mass., October 14, 1801 ; attended public schools and Groton academy; proprietor of paper manufactories at Fitchburg; president of the Boston & Fitchburg Railroad; commissioner of the Hoosac tunnel; member of the state house of representatives in 1836, 1842, and 1843; member of the state senate for two terms.; elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Repub- lican to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William B. Washburn; reelected to the Forty- third Congress, and served from February 14, 1872, until his death in Fitchburg, Mass., December 26 ' 1874. Crocker, Samuel Leonard, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Taunton, Mass., March 31, 1804; was graduated from Brown univer- sity in 1822; engaged in manufacturing; member of the executive council of Massachusetts in 1849; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); defeated for elec- tion to the Thirty-fourth Congress; died in Boston, Mass., February 10, 1883. Crockett, David, a Representative from Tennessee; born at the mouth of Limestone river in Greene county, Tenn., August 17, 1786; com- manded a battalion of mounted riflemen under Gen. Jackson in the Creek campaign 1813-14; member of the state legislature 1821-1823; elected as a Whig to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831); defeated for reelection; again elected to the Twenty- third Con- gress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); defeated as a candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congress; went to Texas to aid the Texans in their struggle for independence in 1834; joined the 140men in the defense of tha Alamo, and was one of the six who survived the merciless slaughter; surrendered to Santa Anna, and was shot by his orders at Fort Alamo, San Antoine de Bexar, March 6, 1836. Crockett, John Wesley, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Trenton, Tenn., July 10, 1807; attended the public schools; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Paris, Tenn., held various local and state offices; was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); elected by the state legislature attorney general for the ninth district of Tennessee November 1, 1841; moved to. New Orleans and became editor of the National May 22, 1848; moved to Memphis, Tenn., where he died November 24, 1852. Croft, George William, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Newberry county, S. C., December 20, 1846; attended the common schools in Greenville, S. C.; in 1863 he entered the South Carolina military academy at Columbia; in 1864 the cadets of that institution were placed in the Confederate army and continued to serve until the close of the Civil War; in 1866 and 1867 attended the University of Virginia; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1869, and in 1870 located in Aiken, S. C., where he practiced; was a member of the state senate, and served two terms in the state house of representatives; elected to the Fifty- eighth Congress, and served from March 4, 1903, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 9, 1904. Croft, Theodore George, a Representative from South Carolina; a resident of Aiken, S. C. ; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of George W. Croft, and served from December 5, 1904, to March 3, 1905. Cromer, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Indiana; born in Madison county, Ind., May 13, 1856; moved with his parents into Salem township, Delaware county, Ind.; attended the common schools, and Wittenberg college, of Springfield, Ohio, and the State University at Bloomington, Ind.; was graduated from the last- named in 1882; editor of the Muncie Times; read and began the practice of law in 1886; elected prosecuting attorney of the forty-sixth judicial cir- cuit of Indiana in 1886; reelected in 1888; member of the state Republican committee from the Sixth congressional district in 1892 and 1894; elected mayor of Muncie in 1894; elected as a Republican to the Fifty -sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1907); resumed the practice of law in Muncie, Ind. Crooke, Philip Schuyler, a Representative from New York; born in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., March 10, 1810; was graduated from the Dutchess academy at Pughkeepsie; studied law, and in 1831 admitted to the bar; located in Flatbush in 1838; presidential elector in 1852 on the Democratic ticket; elected a member of the general assembly 580 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. as a Republican in 1863; member of the board of supervisors of Kings county 1844-1852, 1858-1870, and chairman of the board 1861, 1862, 1864, and 1865; served forty years in the National Guard of the state of New York, from private to brigadier general; elected as a Republican to the Forty- third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died in Flatbush, New York City, March 17, 1881. Crosby, John Crawford, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Sheffield, Berkshire county, Mass., June 15, 1859; attended the public schools of Pittsfield ; studied law and was graduated from the Boston University law school; admitted to the bar and engaged in practice; elected a mem- ber of the school committee of Pittsfield in 1885, and served six years; elected a member of the State house of representatives in 1885 and reelected in 1886; elected a member of the state senate in 1887; reelected in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); after leaving Congress was twice elected mayor of Pittsfield, Mass., and for seven years city solicitor; justice of the superior court of Berkshire county, Mass.; appointed justice of the supreme court of Massachusetts January 25, 1905. Cross, Edward, a Representative from Arkansas ; born in Rogersville, Tenn., November 11, 1796; attended the public schools ; studied law and prac- ticed; appointed United States judge for the dis- trict of Arkansas in 1832; surveyor of public lands of Arkansas in 1836; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1845); ap- pointed judge of the state supreme court in July, 1845; president of the Cairo & Fulton (now the St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern) railway 1855- 1862; died in his country residence, "Millbrook," near Washington, Ark., April 6, 1887. Crossland, Edward, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Hickman county, Ky., June 30, 1827; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1852, and practiced; member of the state legislature 1857-58; elected judge of the court of common pleas of the first judicial district of Kentucky in August, 1867, for six years; resigned November 1, 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); resumed the practice of law in Mayfield, Ky. ; elected judge of the circuit court for the first judi- cial district of Kentucky in August, 1880, and served until his death in Mayfield, Ky., Septem- ber 11 3 1881. Crouch, Edward, a Representative from Pennsylvania; elected as a Democrat to the Thir- teenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Gloninger, and served from De- cember 6, 1813, to March 3, 1815. Crounse, Lorenzo, a Representative from Ne- braska; born in Sharon, Schoharie county, N. Y., January 27, 1834; completed a preparatory course; moved to Fort Plain, Montgomery county, N. Y., in 1855 and practiced law; raised a battery of light artillery in 1861; entered the Army as captain in the first regiment. New York light artillery; wounded, and resigned after a year's service; moved to Nebraska Territory in 1864; member of the Territorial legislature in 1866, and assisted in framing and securing the adoption of the state con- stitution; elected associate judge of the supreme court and entered upon its duties in March, 1867, when Nebraska was admitted into the Union; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); appointed collector of internal revenue, district of Nebraska, in 1879; appointed assistant secretary of the United States Treasury in 1891; governor of Nebraska 1892-1893; died in Omaha, Nebr., May 13, 1909; interment in Fort Calhoun, Nebr. Grouse, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Tallmadge, Summit county, Ohio, November 23, 1832; attended the common schools; elected and reelected auditor of Summit county, 1858-1862; held the office of county treas- urer; county commissioner and trustee for the chil- dren's home; member and president of the city council for four years; member and president of the board of education of the city of Akron four years; sergeant in company F, one hundred and sixty- fourth regiment, Ohio volunteer infantry, and served in fortifications around Washington in 1864 ; elected to the state senate in 1885, and served during the regular and adjourned sessions of the sixty-seventh general assembly until March 4, 1887, when he resigned; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); died in Akron, Ohio, January 5, 1912. Crow, Charles Augustus, a Representative from Missouri; born in Sikeston, Mo., March 31, 1873; lived twenty -three years near Sikeston, where he attended common schools; moved to a farm near Bernie, "Mo., August, 1896; moved to Caruthersville in 1901; postmaster of Caruthers- ville for seven years; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); a resident of Caruthersville, Mo. Crowell, John, a Delegate and a Representative from Alabama; born in Halifax county, N. C., Sep- tember 18, 1780; attended the public schools; elected as a Delegate to the Fifteenth Congress and served from March 9, 1818, to March 3, 1819, when the state constitution went into operation; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819- March 3, 1821); appointed agent for the Creek Indians, then inhabiting western Georgia and eastern Alabama, and occupied the position until they were moved to the Indian Territory in 1836; died in Fort Mitchell, Ala., June 25, 1846. Crowell, John, a Representative from Ohio; born in East Haddam, Middlesex county, Conn., September 15, 1801; moved to Warren, Ohio in 1822; attended Warren academy, studied law and was admitted to the bar in Trumbull county; editor of the Western Reserve Chronicle in War- ren; elected to the state senate in 1840; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); resumed the prac- tice of law in Cleveland, Ohio; president of the Ohio State and Union Law college 1862-1874; died in Cleveland, Ohio, March 8, 1883. Crowley, Joseph Burns, a Representative from Illinois; born in Coshocton, Ohio, July 19, 1858; moved with his parents to Robinson, 111., in 1872; attended the common schools; engaged in business 1876-1880; studied law and admitted to the bar in May, 1883; elected judge of Crawford county in November, 1886, and reelected in 1890; appointed United States special Treasury agent in charge of the seal fisheries of Alaska in April, 1893; resigning in April, 1898; served two terms as president of the Robinson City school board and two terms as master in chancery; elected as a Democrat to the BIOGRAPHIES. 581 Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1905); resumed the practice of law in Robinson, 111. Crowley, Miles, a Representative from Texas; born near Boston, Mass., February 22, 1859; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Galveston, Tex., and practiced law; member of the state house of representatives; served in the state senate; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); resumed the practice of law in Galveston, Tex.; elected as county attorney three times; district attorney in Texas. Crowley, Richard, a Representative from New York; born in Lockport, N. Y., December 14, 1836; attended the public schools; studied law and ad- mitted to the bar in 1860; city attorney in 1865; elected in that year to the state senate and re- elected in 1867 and served from January 1, 1866, to January 1, 1870; appointed United States dis- trict attorney for the northern district of New York in 1871, and reappointed in 1875, resigning March 3, 1879, to take his seat in Congress; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); resumed the practice of law in Lockport, N. Y.; special at- torney for the state in the collection of state war claims 1896, until his death in Lockport, N. Y., July 22, 1908. Crowinshield, Benjamin Williams, a Repre- sentative from Massachusetts; born in Salem, Mass., December 27, 1772; was prepared for college; engaged in mercantile pursuits in Salem, Mass.; member of the state house of representatives in 1807-1811; state senator in 1812; appointed Secre- tary of the Navy by President Madison, December 19, 1814; reappointed by President Monroe; re- signed October 1, 1818; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1821, 1826-1829, and 1833; elected as a Democrat to tho Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1831); defeated for reelection to the Twenty-second Congress; died in Boston, Mass., February 3, 1851. Crowinshield, Jacob, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Salem, Mass., May 31, 1770; engaged in mercantile pursuits; defeated as the Democratic candidate to tho Sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Dwight Fos- ter; a member of the Massachusetts house of repre- sentatives; tendered the position of Secretary of the Navy by President Jefferson, but did not accept; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1803, until his death in Washington, D. C., April 14, 1808. Crowther, George Calhoun, a Representative from Missouri; born in Lancashire, England; Jan- uary 26, 1849; came with parents to the United States and located in St. Joseph, Mo. ; attended the public schools until his tenth year, when he became a printer's apprentice; enterea the Union Army in 1862, and was mustered out of service July 14, 1865; moved to Kansas in 1866 and en- gaged in newspaper work until 1873; elected secretary of the Kansas state senate in January, 1869, and reelected in 1871 and 1873; again en- gaged in the printing and publishing of a news- paper, 1875-1886; appointed deputy sheriff of Buchanan county, Mo., in 1887; elected city treasurer of St. Joseph in 1888, and reelected in 1890; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); engaged in the manufacture of iron and steel in St. Joseph, Mo. Croxton, Thomas, a Representative from Virginia; born in Tappahannock, Essex county, Va., March 15, 1822; attended the primary schools, the Tappahannock and Fleetwood academies, and the University of Virginia; graduated in law in June, 1842, and practiced; attorney for the Commonwealth from July, 1852, to July, 1865, when he resigned; served on the staff of Gen. George E. Picket in the Civil War; elector from the first district of Virginia on the Hancock and English ticket in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); elected judge of Essex county, Va.; died in Tappahannock, Va., July 3, 1903. Crozier, John Hervey, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Knoxville, Tenn., February 10, 1812; attended the public schools; was gradu- ated from the University of Tennessee in 1829; studied law and was admitted to the Knoxville bar; member of state house of representatives 1837-1839; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845 -March 3, 1849); died in Knox county, Tenn., October 25, 1889. Crozier, Robert, a Representative from Kan- sas; elected to the Forty-third Congress, to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of Alexander Caldwell, and served from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Crudup, Josiah, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Wake county, N. C., January 13, 1791; attended a private school in Louisburg, N. C., and Columbian college, Washington, D. C.; studied theology and was ordained a Baptist min- ister, and, excepting the service in Congress, con- tinued in the ministry until his death; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); died near Kittrell, Vance county, N. C., May 20, 1872. Cruger, Daniel, a Representative from New York; born in Sunbury, Pa., December 22, 1780; attended the public schools; member of the state house of representatives 1814-1815, 1816, and 1826, and served as speaker in 1816; elected to tho Fif- teenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); district attorney of Steuben county 1815-1821; died in Bath, N. Y., in June, 1843. Crump, George William, a Representative from Virginia; born in Powhatan county, Va.; was graduated from Princeton college; studied medicine and practiced; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Nineteenth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of John Ran- dolph, and served from February 6, 1826, to March 3, 1827; defeated for reelection to the Twentieth Congress; appointed by President Jackson chief clerk of the pension bureau in 1832, which position he held until his death in Washington, D. C., in 1850. Crump, Rousseau Owen, a Representative from Michigan; born in Pittsford, Monroe county, N. Y., May 20, 1843; attended the Pittsford arid Rochester schools; followed the lumber business; established his first home in Plainwell, Mich., in 1869; moved to West Bay City, Mich., and engaged 582 CONGEESSIONAL DIKECTOKY. in manufacturing; served as alderman for four years, and in the spring of 1892 nominated and elected mayor, and reelected in 1894; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1895, until his death in West Bay City, Mich., May 1, 1901. Crumpacker, Edgar Dean, a Representative from Indiana; born in Laporte county, Ind., May 27, 1851; attended the common schools and Val- paraiso academy; admitted to the bar in 1876, and practiced in Valparaiso, Ind.; prosecuting attorney for the thirty-first judicial district of Indiana 1884-1888; served as appellate judge, by appointment under Gov. Hovey, from March, 1891, to January 1, 1893; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six succeeding Con- gresses March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911); Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Crutchneld, William, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Greenville, Tenn., November 16, 1826; attended the common schools; moved to McMinn county, Tenn., in early youth and remained there four years; settled in Alabama in 1844 and engaged in farming; became a permanent resident of Chattanooga in 1850; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died in Chattanooga, Tenn., January 24, 1890. Culberson, Charles A., a Senator from Texas; born in Dadeville, Tallapoosa county , Alsf., June 10, 1855; eldest son of David B. Culberson, for twenty- two years a member of the House of Representa- tives from Texas; resided in Gilmer and Jefferson, Tex., until 1887, when he moved to Dallas; at- tended the common schools and was graduated from the Virginia military institute, Lexington, in 1874; studied law at the University of Virginia in 1876-1877 ; was admitted to-the bar, and practiced; elected attorney general of Texas in 1890 and 1892; elected governor of Texas in 1894 and 1896; dele- gate at large to the .Democratic national conven- tion in Chicago in 1896; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate January 25, 1899, and took his seat March 4, 1899; reelected in 1905, again in 1911 for the term expiring March 4, 1917. Culberson, David Browning, a Representative from Texas; born in Troup county, Ga., September 29, 1830; pursued preparatory studies in Brown- wood, Lagrange, Ga.; studied law under Chief Justice Chilton, of Alabama; moved to Teaxs in 1856, and elected a member of the legislature of that state in 1859; entered the Confederate army as a private, and promoted to the rank of colonel of the eighteenth Texas infantry; assigned to duty in 1864 as adjutant general, with the rank of colonel, of the state of Texas; elected to the state legislature in 1864; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and the ten succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1875- March 3, 1897); appointed by President McKinley as one of the commissioners to codify the laws of the United States, June 21. 1897, and held this position until he died in his home, Jefferson, Marion county, Tex., May 7, 1900. Culbertson, William Constantine, a Repre- sentative from Pennsylvania; born in Erie county, Pa., November 27, 1825; attended the common schools; engaged in lumbering and farming; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); returned to Girard, Pa. , where he devoted his time to business interests. Culbertson, William Wirt, a Representative from Kentucky; born near Lewistown, Pa.; went with his parents to Kentucky; attended the com- mon schools; engaged in the manufacture of iron; served in the civil war ; enlisted as a private in company F, twenty-seventh Ohio infantry July 16, 1861; captain August 2, 1861; resigned March 3, 1864; elected to the state legislature in 1870 and to the state senate in 1873; delegate in the Repub- lican national conventions in Cincinnati and Chi- cago in 1876 and 1880 and in 1884, and was one of the steadfast 306 who stood for General Grant in 1880; mayor of the city of Ashland; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Oxford, Ohio, Oc- tober 31, 1911. Culbreth,Thomas, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Kent county, Del., April 13, 1786; moved to Caroline county, Md.; member of the state house of representatives in 1813; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821); declined nominations to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses; chief judge of the Caroline county or- phans' court in 1822; clerk of the executive coun- cil of Maryland 1825-1838; died near Greensboro, Caroline county, Md., April 16, 1843. Cullen, Elisha Dickerson, a Representative from Delaware; born in Millsboro, Sussex county, Del., April 23, 1799; attended Princeton college; studied law and was admitted to the Delaware bar in 1821, and commenced practice in Georgetown, Del.; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-fifth Congress; died in Georgetown, Del., February 8, 1862; interment in Lewes, Del., cemetery. Cullen, William, a Representative from Illinois; born in the north of Ireland March 4, 1826; when a child his parents came to the United States and located in Pittsburgh, Pa., where he attended the public schools; moved to Illinois in 1846 and located on a farm; sheriff of Lasalle county; held other local offices; moved to Ottawa, 111.; politi- cal editor of the Ottawa Republican; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh and Forty- eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885); a resident of Ottawa, 111.; retired from business. Cullom, Alvan, a Representative from Tennes- see; born in Monticello, Ky., September 4, 1797; received a liberal schooling; studied law and com- menced practice in Livingston, Tenn.; member of the state house of representatives for several years; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847; a circuit judge; delegate to eth peace conference of 1861; died in Livingston, Overton county, Tenn., July 20, 1877. Cullom, Shelby Moore, a Representative and a Senator from Illinois; born in Wayne county, Ky., November 22, 1829; moved with his father to Tazewell county, 111., the following year; received an academic and university training; went to Springfield in 1853; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1855 and commenced practice in Spring- field; elected city attorney; presidential elector in 1856; elected to the state house of representatives in 1856, and 1860-1861, and served as speaker of the house the second year ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, andForty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1871); again a BIOGKAPHIES. 583 member of the state house of representatives 1873- 1874 and speaker in 1873; delegate to the Repub- lican national convention at Philadelphia in 1872, and placed Gen. Grant in nomination; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1884 and 1892; elected governor of Illinois in 1876 and 1880 and served from Januarys, 1877, until February 5, 1883, when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate and took his seat December 4, 1883; reelected in 1888, 1894, 1900, 1906, and 1911 for the term expiring Mferch 3, 1915; a regent of the Smith- sonian institution; member of the commission ap- pointed to prepare a system of laws for the Hawai- ian Islands. Cullom, William, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Monticello, Ky., June 4, 1810; at- tended the public schools; studied law in Lex- ington, Ky., and practiced in the courts of Ken- tucky and Tennessee; located in Carthage, Tenn.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second and Thirty- third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-fourth Con- gress; clerk of the House for the Thirty-fourth ongress, and served from February 4, 1856, to December 6, 1857; died in Clinton, Tenn., Decem- ber 21, 1896. Cullop, William Allen, a Representative from Indiana; born in Knox county, Ind., March 28, 1853 ; attended the common schools and was grad- uated from Hanover college in June, 1878; taught for two years in the Vincennes university; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Vincennes, Ind., in June, 1880; prose- cuting attorney of the twelfth judicial circuit 1883- 1886; member of the Indiana legislature 1891-1893; delegate to the Democratic national conventions of 1892 and 1896; in 1900 was a candidate for elector on the Democratic ticket; in 1904 was chairman of the committee on resolutions at the Indiana Dem- ocratic state convention, and reported the platform to the convention; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Culpepper, John, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Anson county, N. C., in 1761; at- tended the public schools; licensed to preach in the Baptist denomination ; elected as a Federalist to the Tenth Congress; seat was contested and declared vacant January 2, 1808, on account of irregulari- ties; was subsequently reelected and took his seat February 23, 1808; elected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); defeated for the Fifteenth Congress; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); defeated for the Seventeenth Congress; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823- March 3, 1825); defeated for the Nineteenth Con- gress; elected to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); died in the residence of his son in South Carolina, in 1837. Culver, Charles Vernon, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Logan, Ohio, Sep- tember 6, 1830; received a liberal preparatory- schooling, and attended the Ohio Wesleyan uni- versity, Delaware, Ohio; engaged in business; in- terested in the development of oil in Venango county, Pa., and the establishment of national banks; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); while a member of Congress became bankrupt and was im- prisoned in 1866, but after a prolonged trial was acquitted; resumed operations in the oil business, with headquarters in Franklin, Pa. ; died in Phil- adelphia, Pa., January 10, 1909. Culver, Erastus Dean, a Representative from New York; born in Cham plain, Washington county, N. Y., March 15, 1903; was graduated from the University of Vermont in 1826; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Fort Ann, N. Y., in 1831; moved to Greenwich, N. Y., in 1836; elected to the state assembly 1838 and 1841; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); moved to Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1850; became the second judge of the city court of Brooklyn in 1855 and served until 1861; United States minister to Venezuela 1862-1870; died in Greenwich, N. Y., October 13, 1889. Cumback, William, a Representative from Indi- ana; was born in Franklin county, Ind., March 24, 1829; was graduated from the Miami university, Ohio; taught school two years; studied law at the Cincinnati law school, and afterward practiced in Greensburg, Ind.; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); defeated for the Thirty-fifth Congress; presi- dential elector in 1860 on the Lincoln and Hamlin ticket; appointed by President Lincoln a pay- master in the Army; lieutenant governor in 1868; died in Greensburg, Ind., August 1, 1905. Gumming, Thomas W., a Representative from New York; born in Maryland; moved to Brooklyn, N. Y.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Gumming, William, a Delegate from North Carolina; born in Edenton, N. C.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1784; elected to the house of commons of North Carolina in 1788. Cummings, Amos Jay, a Representative from New York; born in Conkling, Broome county, N. Y., May 15, 1841; attended the common schools; entered a printing office when twelve years of age; with Walker in the last invasion of Nicaragua in October, 1858; sergeant major of the twenty-sixth New Jersey regiment, second brigade, sixth corps, Army of the Potomac; filled editorial positions on the New York Tribune under Horace Greeley, New York Sun, New York Express, and editor of the Evening Sun on entering upon his congressional duties; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1887- March 3, 1903); died in Baltimore, Md., May 2, 1902. Cummings, Henry Johnson Brodhead, a Representative from Iowa; born in Newton, N. J., May 21, 1831; attended the pubjic schools; edited a newspaper in Schuylkill county, Pa., in 1850; studied law and commenced practice in Winterset, Iowa, in January, 1856; elected county prosecuting attorney in August, 1856, and held the office two years and three months; entered the Union Army in July, 1861, and elected captain of company F of the fourth Iowa infantry; commissioned colonel of the thirty-ninth Iowa infantry, which he com- manded until 1865; became editor and proprietor of the Winterset Madisonian in 1869; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877- March 3, 1879); died in Winterset, Iowa, April 16, 1909. 584 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Cummins, Albert Baird, a Senator from Iowa; born near Carmichaels, Pa., February 15, 1850; attended the public schools, a preparatory acad- emy, and was three years in Waynesburg (Pa.) college; member of the house of representatives of the twenty-second general assembly of Iowa; member of tne Republican national committee from 1896 to 1900, and governor from January, 1902, until November 24, 1908, when he was elected to fill the vacancy in the United States Senate caused by the death of William B. Allison; re- elected for the term ending March 3, 1915. Cummins, John D., a Representative from Ohio; born in Pennsylvania; attended the public schools and was graduated from Jefferson college, Canonsburg, Pa., in 1834; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar, and commenced practice in New Philadelphia, Ohio; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congr3sses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); died in Milwaukee, Wis., September 11, 1849. Cunningham, Francis Alanson, a Represen- tative from Ohio; born in Abbeville district, N. C., November 9, 1804; moved to Eaton, Ohio; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); appointed additional paymaster of volunteers by President Polk, December 30, 1847; commissioned paymas- ter in the regular army March 2, 1849 ; was retired from active service August 27, 1863; died in Eaton, Ohio, August 16, 1864. Currier, Frank Dunklee, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Canaan, N. H., October 30, 1853; received a common school afid academic training; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1874; member of the state house of representatives in 1879 ; secretary of the Republican state committee 1882-1890 ; clerk of the state senate 1883-1887; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1884; president of the state senate in 1887; naval officer of customs at the port of Bos- ton, Mass., 1890-1894; speaker of the state house of representatives in 1899; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Six- tieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1901- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- Curry, Jabez Lamar Monroe, a Representa- tive from Alabama; born in Lincoln county, Ga., June 5, 1825; moved with his father to Talladega county, Ala., in 1838; was graduated from the Uni- versity of Georgia in 1843; studied law, was ad- mitted to the t>ar, and commenced practice in Talladega county in 1845; served in the War with Mexico as a private in the Texas rangers in 1846, but resigned on account of ill health ; member of the state house of representatives 1847, 1853, and 1855; presidential' elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1856; elected as a States' Rights Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1857, to January 21, 1861, when he retired from the House; deputy from Ala- bama to the Provisional Confederate congress, and a representative to the first Confederate congress ; served as a lieutenant colonel of cavalry in the Confederate army; after the war became a Baptist preacher; chosen president of Howard college, Ala- bama, in 1865; professor in Richmond college, Vir- ginia, 1868-1881; appointed minister to Spain in 1885; died in Washington, D. C., February 12, 1903. Curtin, Andrew Gregg, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Bellefonte, Pa., April 22, 1817; pursued preparatory studies in Milton acad- emy and was graduated from Dickinson college in 1837; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1839; supported Gen. Harrison for the presidency in 1840; a Whig elector in 1848 and 1852; secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and superintend- ent of public instruction; governor of Pennsyl- vania from January 15, 1861, toJanuarylS, 1867, and was most active in support of the Union Army throughout the period of the Civil War, and in rais- ing and equipping 270 regiments, besides a number of detached companies, that Pennsylvania fur- nished for the northern armies; minister to Russia 1869-1872; member of the constitutional conven- tion of Pennsylvania; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1887); died in Bellefonte, Pa., October 7, 1894. Curtis, Carlton B., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Madison county, N. Y., December 17, 1811; studied law and commenced practice in Warren, Pa.; elected to the legislature in 1836, 1837, and 1838; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); served in the Union Army as a colonel of a regiment of Pennsylvania volun- teers; moved to Erie, Pa.; again elected and as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); defeated for reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress; died in Erie, Pa., March 17, 1883. Curtis, Charles, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Kansas; born in Topeka, Kans., January 25, 1860; attended common schools of the city of Topeka; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1881 ; elected county attorney of Shawnee county in 1884 and reelected in 1886; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and the seven succeeding Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1893, until Janu- ary, 1907, when he was elected to the United States Senate to fill out the unexpired term of Joseph R. Burton, resigned, and was reelected for the full term beginning March 4, 1907; took his seat Janu- ary 29, 1907. Curtis, Edward, a Representative from New York; born in Windsor, Vt., October 25, 1801; was graduated from Union college in 1821; studied law and commenced practice in New York City in 1824; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); appointed by President Harrison collector of the port of New York, March 18, 1841, and held the position until July 7, 1844; resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C.; died in New York City August 2, 1856. Curtis, George Mortimer, a Representative from Iowa; born near Oxford, Chenango county, N. Y., April 1, 1844; moved with his parents to Ogle county, 111.,, in 1856; attended the common schools and Rock River seminary, Mount Morris, 111 , ; engaged as clerk in Rochelle, 111., 1863-1865, and subsequently for two years in Cortland, 111. ; moved to Clinton, Iowa, in 1867; engaged in the manu- facture of lumber, etc.; member of the twenty- second general assembly; delegate to the Republi- can national convention in 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); resumed the manufacture of house trimmings in Clinton, Iowa. BIOGRAPHIES. 585 Curtis, Newton Martin, a Representative from New York; born in Depeyster, St. Lawrence county, N. Y., May 21, 1835; attended the common schools and Gouverneur Wesleyan seminary; entered the Union Army; commissioned captain sixteenth New York infantry May 15, 1861; lieutenant colonel one hundred and forty-second New York infantry October 22, 1862; colonel January 21, 1863; brigadier general of volunteers January 15, 1865; brevet brigadier general Octo- ber 28, 1864, "for distinguished service in the movement on the enemy's works near New Market, Va. "; major general March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service at the capture of Fort Fisher, N. C."; awarded a medal of honor "for being the first man at Fort Fisher, N. C., Jan- uary 15, 1865, to pass through the stockade, and for leading the assault on the traverses, sustaining four severe wounds;" mustered out of service January 15, 1866; appointed collector of customs, district of Oswegatchie, N. Y., in 1866; appointed special agent United States Treasury department in 1867, which position he resigned in 1880; employed 1880-1882 by the Department of Justice; member of the assembly 1884-1890; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Leslie W. Russell; reelected to the Fifty-third and Fifty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); assistant inspector general of the National homes for disabled volunteer soldiers; died in New York City, June 8, 1910; interment in Ogdens- burg, N. Y. Curtis, Samuel Ryan, a Representative from Iowa; born in Clinton county, N. Y., February 3, 1807; reared in Ohio, where he attended the public schools; appointed a cadet at West Point in 1827 and was graduated in July, 1831, as brevet second lieutenant in the seventh infantry, and resigned in June, 1832; studied law and commenced practice in Ohio; chief engineer of the Muskingum River improvements April, 1837, to May, 1839; served in the War with Mexico as colonel of the third Ohio infantry June 23, 1846; honorably discharged June 24, 1847; resumed the practice of law; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1857, to August 4, 1861, when he resigned; served in the Union Army as colonel of the second Iowa infantry June 1, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers May 17, 1861; major general of volun- teers March 21, 1862; mustered out April 30, 1866; appointed United States peace commissioner to treat with the Indians in 1865; appointed com- missioner to examine and report on the Union Pacific railroad, and served from November, 1865, to April, 1866; died in Council Bluffs, Iowa, De- cember 25, 1866. Cusack, Thomas, a Representative from Illinois; bom in Ireland, Octobers, 1858; moved to New York with his parents when three years of age ; after the death of his parents moved to Chicago; attended private and public schools in both cities; engaged in the advertising-sign painting business December, 1875; member of the board of education 1891-1898, and vice president of the board during the years 1896-1898; member of the state central committee 1896-1898; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); resumed business in Chicago, 111. Gushing, Caleb, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Salisbury, Mass., January 17, 1800; was graduated from Harvard college in 1817; studied law, admitted to the bar at Newburyport in 1823; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1825, and of the state senate in 1827; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1833 and 1834; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1843); appointed by President Tyler commissioner to China, and served from May 8, 1843, to March 13, 1845; again a member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1845-1846; colonel of a Massachusetts regiment which served in the War with Mexico; appointed brigadier general by President Polk April 14, 1847; defeated as the Democratic candi- date for governor in 1847, and again in 1848; again elected to the state house of representatives in 1850; offered the position as attorney general of Massachusetts in 1851, but declined,- mayor of Newburyport, Mass., 1851-1852; appointed judge of the supreme court of Massachusetts in 1852; appointed by President Pierce Attorney Gen- eral of the United States March 7, 1853; president of the Democratic national convention at Balti- more and Charleston in 1860; appointed by Presi- dent Johnson a commissioner to codify the laws of the United States, 1866-1870; appointed by Presi- dent Grant counsel for the United States before the Geneva tribunal of arbitration on the Alabama claims; nominated by President Grant in 1874 to be Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, but was not confirmed by the Sen- ate; minister to Spain 1874-1877; died in New- buryport, Mass., January 2, 1879. Gushing, Thomas, a Delegate from Massa- chusetts; born in Boston, Mass., March 24, 1725; was graduated from Harvard college in 1744; studied law and admitted to the bar in Boston; for many years member of the provincial assembly; member of the Provincial Congress in 1774; Dele- gate to the Continental Congress 17741776; com- missary general of Massachusetts in 1775; declined a reelection to the Continental Congress in 1779; lieutenant governor, 1779-1788, and acting gov- ernor in 1788; died in Boston, Mass., February 28, 1788. Cushman, Francis Wellington, a Represen- tative from Washington; born in Brighton, Wash- ington county, Iowa, May 8, 1867; attended the high school in Brighton, and Pleasant Plain acad- emy of Jefferson county, Iowa; at the age of sixteen moved to the then Territory of Wyoming, where he remained five years, then to Nebraska and began the practice of law; removed to the state of Washington in 1891, and engaged in the practive of law; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1899, until his death in New York City, July 6, 1909. Cushman, John Paine, a Representative from New York; born in Pomfret, Conn., March 8, 1784; was graduated from Yale college in 1807; admitted to the bar at Troy, N. Y., and began practice; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817- March 3, 1819); appointed a regent of the state university from April 2, 1830, until he resigned in April, 1834; circuit judge, 1838-1844; died in Troy, N. Y., September 16, 1848. Cushman, Joshua, a Representative from Massachusetts and from Maine; born in Plymouth, Mass., in 1759; entered the Revolutionary Army 586 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. April 1, 1777, and served until March, 1780; was graduated from Harvard college in 1787; studied theology, and licensed to preach; located in Winslow, Me., and preached there for nearly twenty years, first as pastor of a Congregational and then of a Unitarian church; member of the state house of representatives in 1811-1812; state senator in 1809, 1810, 1819, and 1820; elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the Six- teenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); elected a Representative from Maine to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1825); again a member of the state legislature in 1834; died in Winslow, Me., January 27, 1834; interment in Augusta, Me. Cushman, Samuel, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Portsmouth, N. H., June 8, 1783; received preparatory training in the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Portsmouth; served as judge of the Portsmouth police court; county treasurer, 1823-1828, and a member of the state council, 1833-1835; nominated by President Jackson to be United States attorney for the district of New Hampshire, but was not confirmed by the Senate; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); United States Navy officer at Portsmouth, 1845-1849; died in Portsmouth, N. H., May 20, 1851. Cutcheon, Byron M., a Representative from Michigan; born in Pembroke, Merrimack county, N. H., May 11, 1836; pursued preparatory stud- ies at Pembroke and completed them in Ypsi-. lanti, Mich., where he moved in 1855; was grad- uated from the University of Michigan in 1861; became principal of the high school at Ypsilanti in 1861; served in the Union Army; second lieu- tenant twentieth Michigan infantry July 15, 1862; captain August 16, 1862; major October 14, 1862; lieutenant colonel November 19, 1863; colonel January 8, 1864; colonel twenty -seventh Michigan infantry December 19, 1864; brevet colonel of volunteers August 18, 1864, "for gallant services at the battles of the Wilderness and Spottsylvania Court House, Va."; awarded medal of honor June 29, 1891, "for distinguished gallantry in leading his regiment in a charge on a house occu- pied by the enemy at Horseshoe Bend, Ky., May 10, 1863;" resigned March 6, 1865; studied law in Ypsilanti, Mich., 1865-1866; was graduated from Michigan University law school 1866, ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Manistee, Mich., in 1867; member of the board of control of railroads of Michigan 1866-1883; presi- dential elector in 1868; city attorney 1870-1871; county attorney, 1873-1874; regent of the Mich- igan University 1875-1883; postmaster of Manistee City, Mich., 1877-1883; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty- first Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1891); appointed the civilian member of the Board of Ordnance and Fortification by President Harrison in July, 1891, and served until March 25, 1895; editorial writer on the Detroit Daily Tribune and Detroit Journal, 1895-1897; resumed the practice of law in Grand Rapids, Mich.; died in Ypsilanti, Mich., April 12, 1908. Cuthbert, Alfred, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Georgia; born in Savannah, Ga., in!780; was graduated from Princeton college in 1803 ; studied law, and afterwards practiced in Monticello, Jas- per county, Ga. ; member of the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William W. Bibb; reelected to the Fourteenth Congress, and served from February 7, 1814, to 1816, when he resigned; elected to the Seventeenth, Eight- eenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821- March 3, 1827) ; elected a United States Senator from Georgia to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Forsyth, and was reelected for a full term ; served from January 12, 1835, to March 3, 1843; died near Monticello, Ga., July 9, 1856. Cuthbert, John Alfred, a Representative from Georgia; born in Savannah, Ga., June 3, 1788; was graduated from Princeton college in 1805; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1809; and commenced practice in Eatonton; elected to the state legislature and served many years, either in the senate or in the house; commander of a vol- unteer company during the War of 1812; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); appointed by President Monroe a com- missioner to treat with the Creek and Cherokee Indians in 1822; became editor and subsequently proprietor of the Federal Union, an influential paper published at Milledgeville, Ga., 1831-1837; moved to Mobile in 1837, and practiced his pro- fession; elected judge of the county court of Mobile in 1840, and appointed by the governor judge of the circuit court of the same countv in 1852; died near Mobile, Ala., September 22, 1881. Cutler, Augustus William, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Morristown, N. J., Octo- ber 22, 1827; spent the early part of his life on a farm; studied law; admitted as an attorney in 1850 and as a counselor in 1853; prosecutor of the pleas, 1856-1861; became president of the board of education in 1870; member of the constitutional convention of New Jersey in 1873; state senator 1871-1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875- March 3, 1879); declined a reelection to the Forty- sixth Congress, and an unsuccessful candidate for the Forty-seventh and Fifty -fifth Congresses; died in Morristown,. N. J., January 1, 1897. Cutler, Manasseh, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Killingly, Conn., May 13, 1742; was graduated from the medical department of Yale college in 1765; engaged in the whaling business at Edgartown, Marthas Vineyard; moved to Dedham in 1769; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1767, but did not practice; studied theology, and in 1770 licensed to preach; ordained to the ministry by the Congressional society at Hamlet, Ipswich, Mass., September 11, 1771; appointed chaplain of Col. Francis's regiment September 5, 1776; one of the projectors of the Ohio Company in 1787; appointed judge of the United States court for Ohio in 1795 by President Washington, but declined; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1800; elected as a Federalist to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses (March 4, 1801- March 3, 1805); died in Hamilton, Mass., July 28, 1823. Cutler, William Parker, a Representative from Ohio; born in Marietta, Ohio, July 12, 1812; attended public schools and Ohio university; member of the state house of representatives, 1844-1847; served as speaker during the last term; member of the state constitutional convention in 1850; president of the Marietta & Cincinnati rail- road, 1850-1860; elected as a Republican to the BIOGRAPHIES. 587 Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); defeated for reelection; died in Marietta, Ohio, April 11, 1889. Cutting, Francis Brockholst, a Representa- tive from New York; born in New York City, August 6, 1804; studied law in the Litchfield (Conn.) law school, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New York City; an alderman in 1843, and afterwards city recorder; served as a member of the state house of representatives in 1836 and 1837; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); died in New York City, June 26, 1870. Cutting, John Tyler, a Representative from California; born in Westpprt, Essex county, N. Y., September 7, 1844; resided in Wisconsin and Illinois 1855-1860, and attended school in the latter state; enlisted in Taylor's Chicago battery at the breaking out of the Civil War and served until July 20, 1862; discharged for disability, the result of service in the field; reenlisted January 4, 1864, in the Chicago mercantile battery, in which he served until the close of the war; moved to California in 1877 and established a wholesale fruit and commission business; identified himself with state and national politics; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1893); took up his residence in New York City in 1894; died in Toronto, Ontario, Novem- ber 24, 1911; interment in Westport, N. Y. Cutts, Charles, a Senator from New Hamp- shire; born in Massachusetts January 30, 1769; was graduated from Harvard college in 1789; studied law and admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representatives in 1804 and served as speaker; elected United States Senator from New Hampshire, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Nahum Parker and served from June 21, 1810, to March 3, 1813; subsequently appointed Senator to fill a vacancy during a recess of the legislature, and served from April 2, 1813 to June 10, 1813, when his successor took his seat; chosen Secretary of the United States Senate; served from October 11, 1814, to December 12, 1825; died in Fairfax county, Va., January 25, 1846. Cutts, Marsena Edgar, a Representative from Iowa; born in Orwell, Addison county, Vt., May 22, 1833; received an academic training; moved to Iowa in June, 1855; prosecuting attorney of Powe- shiek county from August 25 to January, 1859; member of the state house of representatives at the extra session in May, 1861; state senator from January, 1864, until he resigned in August, 1866; member of the state house of representatives from January, 1870, until January, 1872; attorney-gen- eral of the state from February, 1872, until Jan- uary, 1877; elected to the Forty-seventh Congress as a Republican; his seat was contested by John C. Cook, and on March 3, 1883 (the closing day of the Congress), Mr. Cook was declared elected; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress, but died in Oskaloosa, Iowa, September 1, 1883, before the assembling of the Congress. Cutts, Richard, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born on Cutts Island, Saco, Mass, (now Maine), June 28, 1771 ; was graduated from Harvard college in 1790; studied law; engaged in commercial pursuits; member of the state house of representa- tives 1799 and 1800; elected as a Democrat to the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1813^ ; defeated for the Thirteenth Congress; appointed superintendent general of military supplies March 4, 1813, which office he held until March 3, 1817, when he was appointed Second Comptroller of the Treasury, which position he held until 1829; died in Washington, D. C., April 7, 1845. Daggett, David, a Senator from Connecticut; born in Attleboro, Mass., December 31, 1764; was graduated from Yale college in 1783; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1788, and commenced practice in New Haven; mayor of the city in 1828, and held other municipal offices; member of the state legislature, 1791 to 1814; presidential elec- tor in 1805, voting for Charles C. Pinckney, in 1809 voting again for Charles C. Pinckney, and in 1813 voting for De Witt Clinton; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of Chauncey Good- rich and served from May 13, 1813, to March 3, 1819; judge of the state supreme court 1826-1832; chief judge 1832-1834, when he reached the age limit and retired; died in New Haven, Conn., April 12, 1851. Daggett, Rollin M., a Representative from Nevada; born in Richville, N. Y., in 1831; his father moved to northwestern Ohio in 1837; at- tended school in Defiance, where he learned the printing business; crossed the plains to the Pacific in 1849; followed mining until 1852, and in that year started the "Golden Era" at San Francisco; with others established the San Francisco ' 'Mirror " in 1860; united it with the San Francisco ' 'Herald " ; moved to Nevada in 1862 and settled in Virginia City; elected a member of the territorial 'council in 1863; became connected, editorially, in 1864, with the "Territorial Enterprise"; Republi- can presidential elector in 1876, and messenger to Washington; elected as a Republican to the Forty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881). Dahle, Herman Bjorn, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Perry, Dane county, Wis., March 30, 1855; attended the public schools and the Wisconsin state university; moved to Mount Vernon, Wis., and engaged in business; moved to Mount Horeb in 1887; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903); engaged m the mercantile and banking business in Mount Horeb, Wis. Daily, Samuel G., a Delegate from Nebraska Territory; born in Indiana in 1819; attended the public schools; moved to Nebraska Territory and settled in Peru; member of the territorial legisla- ture; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1865); received the ap- Srintment of deputy collector of customs at New rleans at the special request of President Lin- coln in March, 1865, which position he held until his death in New Orleans, La., September 15, 1865. Dale, Thomas Henry, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Daleville, Lackawanna county, Pa., June 12, 1846; attended the public schools and Wyoming seminary, Kingston, Pa.; enlisted in the Union army in 1863; after discharge from service became a coal operator; prothono- tary of Lacka wanna county nine years; delegate to the Republican national convention of 1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907); after leaving con- gress settled in Scranton, Pa. 588 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Dallas, George Mifflin, a Senator from Penn- sylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., July 10, 1792; was graduated from Princeton college in 1810; studied law and was admitted to practice in 1813; private secretary to Albert Gallatin, minister to Russia; returned in 1814 and engaged in the prac- tice of law in New York City, and was solicitor of the United States Bank; returned to Philadel- phia and was appointed deputy attorney general in 1817; mayor of Philadelphia in 1829; United States district attorney for the eastern district of Pennsylvania 1829-1831; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Isaac D. Barnard, and served from December 13, 1831, to March 3, 1833; de- clined a reelection and resumed the practice of law; attorney general of the state 1833-1835; ap- pointed by President Van Buren minister to Rus- sia, served from March 7, 1837, to July 29, 1839, when he was recalled at his own request; elected Vice President of the United States on the Polk ticket in 1844; appointed minister to Great Britain by President Pierce, served from February 4, 1856, to May 16, 1861; returned to Philadelphia, where he died December 31, 1864. Dalton, Tristram, a Senator from Massachu- setts; born in Newbury, Mass., May 28, 1738; at- tended Drummer academy, Byfield, Mass., and was graduated from Harvard college in 1755; studied law; admitted to practice but engaged in mercan- tile pursuits; delegate from Massachusetts in the convention of committees of New England prov- inces which first met in Providence, R. I., De- cember 25, 1776; member of the state house of representatives, and served as speaker; one of the first United States Senators from Massachusetts; served from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791; sur- veyor of the port of Boston from November 10, 1814, until his death in Boston, Mass., May 30, 1817. Daly, William Davis, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Jersey City, N. J., June 4, 1851; assistant United States district attorney for New Jersey 1885-1888; alternate delegate to the Dem- ocratic national convention in 1888; elected to the house of assembly in 1889; judge of the district court of Hoboken; resigned in 1892; elected state 83nator in 1892 and 1895; delegate to the Demo- cratic national conventions of 1892 and 1896; chairman of the state Democratic convention in 1896, and member of the state committee 1896- 1898; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty -sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); died in Hoboken, N. J., July 31, 1900. Dalzell, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in New York City April 19, 1845; moved to Pittsburgh in 1847; attended the common schools, the Western university of Pennsylvania, and was graduated from Yale college in 1865; studied law; admitted to the bar in February, 1867, and prac- ticed; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and to the eleven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Damrell, William Shapleigh, a Representa- tive from Massachusetts; born in Portsmouth, N. H., November 29, 1809; attended the public schools; learned the art of printing and became the proprietor of a large printing establishment in Boston; elected as an American to the Thirty- fourth and as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4. 1855-March 3, 1859); partially paralyzed before the expiration of his term; died in Dedham, Mass., May 17, 1860. Dana, Amasa, a Representative from New York; born in Ithaca, N. Y., October 19, 1792; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Ithaca; appointed district attorney of Tompkins county in 1823; member of the state house of representatives 1828-1829; appointed county judge in 1837; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841);reelected to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); died in Ithaca N. Y., December 24, 1867. Dana, Francis, a Delegate from Massachusetts; born in Charlestown, Mass., June 13, 1743; was. graduated from Harvard college in 1762; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1767, and commenced practice in Boston; Delegate to the Provincial Con- gress in 1774; went to England the same year, and remained there two years endeavoring to adjust differences between the mother country and the American colony; state councillor 1776-1780; sat in the Continental Congress 1776-1778 and 1784; secretary of legation in Paris from September 28,' 1779, until December 19, 1780, when he was ap- pointed minister to Russia; recommissioned sec- retary of legation in Paris June 15, 1781; again a Delegate in Congress in 1784; judge of the supreme court of Massachusetts 1785-1792; member of the state convention which adopted the Federal Con- stitution in 1788; appointed chief justice of Massa- chusetts in November, 1791; presidential elector in 1789, 1793, 1801, and 1809; a founder of the American academy of arts and sciences; died in Cambridge, Mass., April 25, 1811. Dana, Judah, a Senator from Maine; born in Pomfret, Conn., April 25, 1772; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1795; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1798, and practiced in Frye- burg, Mass, (afterwards Maine); county attorney of Oxford county 1805-1811, and judge of pro- bate 1811-1822; judge of the court of common pleas 1811-1823; was also a circuit judge; delegate to the convention which framed the constitution of Maine in 1819; member of the executive council in 1834; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Ether Shepley and served from Decem- ber 7, 1836, to February 22, 1837; died in Frye- burg, Me., December 27, 1845. Dana, Samuel, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Groton, Mass., June 26, 1767; studied law and practiced in Charlestown, Mass.; held several local offices; elected to the Thirteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William M. Richardson and served from Sep- tember 22, 1814, to March 3, 1815; member of the state senate 1802-1813 and 1825-1827, and its presi- dent for eight years; appointed chief justice of the court of common pleas ; delegate to the state con- vention in 1820; died in Charlestown, Mass., No- vember 20, 1825. Dana, Samuel Whittlesey, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Walling- ford, Conn., February 13, 1760; was graduated from Yale college in 1775; admitted to the bar in 1778, and practiced in Middletown; elected as a Federalist to the Fourth Congress to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Uriah Tracy; reelected to the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses and served from January 3, 1797, BIOGKAPHIES. 589 to March 3, 1809; reelected to the Eleventh Con- gress, but before taking his seat was elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Hillhouse ; re- elected in 1815, and served from May 10, 1810, to March 3, 1821; afterwards mayor of Middletown, Conn., where he died July 21, 1830. Dane, Joseph, a Representative from Maine; born in Beverly, "Essex county, Mass., October 25, 1778; attended Phillips Andover academy, and was graduated from Harvard college in 1799; studied law and admitted to the bar in July, 1802; began practice in Kennebunk, Me. ; delegate to the state constitutional conventions of 1816 and 1819; elected as a Federalist to the Sixteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Holmes ; reelected to the Seventeenth Congress, and served from December 11, 1820, to March 3, 1823; member of the state house of representatives 1824, 1825, 1832, 1833, 1839, and 1840, and of the state senate in 1829; declined to serve as executive councillor of Maine in 1841; died in Kennebunk, Me., May 1, 1858. Dane, Nathan, a Delegate from Massachusetts; born in Ipswich, Mass., December 27, 1752; was graduated from Harvard college in 1778; taught school; studied law and admitted to the bar; began practicing in Beverly, Mass., in 1782; member of the state house of representatives 1782-1785; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1785-1788; mem- ber of the state senate 1790-1791 and 1794-1797; judge of the court of common pleas for Essex county in 1794, for a short period of time; commissioner to codify the laws of Massachusetts in 1795; a presi- dential elector in 1812; was selected the same year to make a new publication of the statutes; mem- ber of the Hartford convention of 1814; elected delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1820, but did not serve on account of deafness; died in Beverly, Mass., February 15, 1835. Danford, Lorenzo, a Representative from Ohio; born in Belmont county, Ohio, October 18, 1829; attended common schools and a college at Waynes- burg, Pa., two years; admitted to the bar at St. Clairsville, Ohio, in September, 1854; prosecuting attorney of Belmont county from 1857 to 1861, when he resigned and went into the Union army, in the fifteenth Ohio volunteer infantry; served as private, lieutenant, and captain until August, 1864; Republican member of the electoral college of Ohio in 1864 and in 1892; elected to the Forty- third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth Congresses; was re- turned to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth and Fifty- sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1879, and from March 4, 1895, until his death, in St. Clairsville, Ohio, June 19, 1899. Daniel, Henry, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Louisa county, Va., March 15, 1786; attended the public schools; moved to Kentucky, where he studied law and afterwards practiced in Mount Sterling; member of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1812; served in the war against Great Britain as captain of the eighth United States infantry 1813-1815; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1819 and 1826; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1833); died in Mount Sterling, Ky., October 5, 1873. Daniel, John Reeves Jones, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Halifax county, N. C. ; in 1802 was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1821; studied law and afterwards prac- ticed; member of the house of commons of North Carolina 1832-1834; elected attorney general in 1834; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, Twenty -ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty- first, and Thirty -second Congresses (March 4, 1841- March 3, 1853); after his retirement from Congress moved to Louisiana, where he died in 1865. Daniel, John Warwick, a Representative and a Senator from Virginia; born in Lynchburg, Va., September 5, 1842; attended the private schools, Lynchburg college, and Dr. Gessner Harrison's university school; entered Confederate army in May, 1861, as second lieutenant in the provisional army of Virginia and drillmaster in twenty-seventh Virginia infantry, "Stonewall brigade"; became second lieutenant company A, eleventh Virginia infantry, also first lieutenant and adjutant of same regiment; wounded in first battle of Manassas and at Boonsboro, Md.; raised a company of cavalry and elected captain in 1862, but conscription act of Confederate congress remanded officers and men to their old regiments; major and chief of staff of Gen. Jubal A. Early until crippled in the Wilder- ness, May 6, 1864; studied law at the University of Virginia 1865-66, and practiced; published his legal work on "Attachments " in 1869 and ' 'Negotia- ble Instruments" in 1876; member of the state house of delegates 1869 to 1872; member of state senate from 1875 to 1881; Democratic elector in 1876, and delegate at large to national Democratic conventions of 1880, 1888, 1892, 1896, and 1900; elected to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1887); elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and took his seat March 4, 1887; reelected in 1891, 1897, 1903, and 1909, and served until his death in Lynchburg, Va., June 29, 1910. Daniell, Warren Fisher, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Newton Lower Falls, Mass., June 26, 1826; moved to Franklin, N. H., with his parents in 1834; attended the common schools; member of the state house of representatives six years, and of the state senate two years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); after leaving Congress settled in Franklin, N. H. Daniels, Charles, a Representative from New York; born in New York City March 12, 1826; at an early age he was taken to Toledo, Ohio, and learned his father's trade of shoemaker; moved to Buffalo, N. Y., in 1842, where he read law and was admitted to the bar in 1847; practiced in Buffalo; elected to the supreme court in 1863; appointed by Gov. Seymour to hold the office of justice of that court until January 1, 1864, when the term to which he had been elected commenced; twice reelected and held the office until December, 1891, when he reached the age limit and was retired; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897)"; died in Buffalo, N. Y., December 20, 1897. Daniels, Milton J., a Representative from Cali- fornia; born in Cobleskill, Schoharie countv, N. Y., April 18, 1838; when a boy moved to Bradford county, Pa., and engaged with his father in the lumber business; in 1856 moved to Rochester, Minn.; appointed deputy postmaster of Rochester in 1859; entered Middlebury academy, Wyoming county, N. Y., in 1860; left 'the academy and vol- unteered April 23, 1861; returned to Minnesota 590 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTORY. and raised a company in August, 1862, and was commissioned second lieutenant of company F, ninth regiment Minnesota volunteers; took com- mand of third Minnesota mounted infantry in the Indian war of 1862; joined his company at St. Loxiis in 1863, and commissioned captain; in March, 1865, commissioned captain and commissary of subsis- tence by President Lincoln and assigned to duty by Gen. Canby at Baton Rouge, La.; commis- sioned major by brevet by President Johnson in 1865; mustered out and returned home in January, 1866; elected to the Minnesota legislature in 1882 and served eight years, four in the house and four in the senate; president of Minnesota state board of asylums for the insane six years; removed to California in 1889 and located in Riverside; elected to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1905); after leaving Congress resumed his occupation as horticulturist in Riverside, Cal. Banner, Joel B., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; was elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Henry Nes, and served from December 2, 1850, to March 3 3 1851. Darby, Ezra, a Representative from New Jersey; born in that state in 1769; elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1805, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 28, 1808. Darby, John Fletcher, a Representative from Missouri; born in Person county, N. C., December 10, 1803; attended the public schools; moved with his father to Missouri in 1818, where he worked on a farm; went to Frankfort, Ky., in 1825, where he studied law, and afterwards practiced in St. Louis, Mo.; member of the state senate; mayor of St. Louis four terms; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853). Dargan, Edmund Spann, a Representative from Alabama; born in Montgomery county, N. C., April 15, 1805; pursued preparatory studies at home; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Wadesboro in 1829; moved to Washington, Ala., where he practiced law and was for several years a justice of the peace; moved to Montgomery in 1833, and to Mobile in 1841 ; judge of the circuit court, Mobile district; resigned in 1842; state sen- ator in 1844; also elected mayor in 1844; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); judge of the su- preme court in 1847, and in 1849 became chief justice; resigned in December, 1852, and resumed the practice of law; delegate to the state conven- tion in 1861 and voted for the ordinance of seces- sion; member of the first Confederate house of representatives; resumed practice in Mobile, Ala., where he died November 22, 1879. Dargan, George Washington, a Representa- tive from South Carolina; born in Darlington dis- trict, S. C., May 11, 1841; attended academies of his native county and the state military academy; served in the Confederate army throughout the war; admitted to the bar in 1872, and practiced in Darlington, S. C.; elected to the state legislature in 1877; solicitor of the fourth judicial circuit of South Carolina in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty- first Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1891); died June 29, 1898, in Darlington, S. C. Darling, Mason C., a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Bellingham, Mas?., May 18, 1801; attended the public schools; taught school in the state of New York; studied medicine, was graduated from the Berkshire medical college in 1824, and afterwards practiced for thirteen years; moved to Wisconsin in 1837 and was one of the original settlers at Fond du Lac; was the first mayor; member of the territorial legislature for several years; elected as a Democrat to the Thir- tieth Congress and served from June 9, 1848, to March 3, 1849. Darling, William Augustus, a Representative from New York; born in Newark, N. J., December 27, 1817; attended the public schools; moved to New York, where he was first a clerk and after- wards a merchant; deputy receiver of taxes for the city of New York 1847-1854; presidential elector on the Lincoln ticket in I860; elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865- March 3, 1867); defeated for the Fortieth Congress; was collector of internal revenue for the ninth district, and appointed appraiser of the port; died in New York City, May 28, 1895. Darlington, Edward, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Chester county, Pa., Sep- tember 17, 1795; was graduated from West Chester academy and taught school, 1817-1820; studied law, admitted to the bar, and practiced in Chester, Pa.; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses, and as an anti-Mason to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1833- March 3, 1839); moved to Media, Pa., in 1850, and died there November 21, 1884. Darlington, Isaac, a, Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Westtown, Chester county. Pa., December 13, 1781; pursued elementary studies at home; studied law and afterwards prac- ticed in Westtown; member of the state house of representatives in 1807; lieutenant of Pennsyl- vania volunteers in the war of 1812; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819): appointed deputy attorney general for Chester county in 1820; president-judge of the Chester county court in 1821, which position he held until his death, in Westtown, April 27, 1839. Darlington, Smedley, a Representative from Pennsylvania; was born in Pocopson township, Chester county, Pa., December 24, 1827; attended the common schools and the Friends central school, Philadelphia; teacher in the latter school for several years; while preaching he made stenographic re- ports of sermons, lectures, and speeches for the morning dailies of Philadelphia; established a school for boys in Ercildoun in 1851, which he conducted for three years; changed the school for girls and presided over it for nine years; removed to West Chester in 1864; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); died in West Chester, Pa., June 24, 1899. Darlington, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Birmingham , Chester coun- ty, Pa., April 28, 1782; spent his early life on a farm; became a botanist at an early age; studied medicine, and in 1824 was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsyl- vania; went to the East Indies as ship's surgeon in 1806; returned to West Chester in 1807 and was a practicing physician there for a number of year?; raised a company of volunteers at the beginning of BIOGRAPHIES. 591 the war of 1812, and was major of a volunteer regi- ment raised after the burning of the Capitol in Washington; elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); reelected to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1823) ; appointed canal commissioner in 1825; established a natural history society in West Chester in 1826; became noted as a botanist and was made a corresponding member of some forty literary and scientific societies in Europe and America; published several works on botany and natural history; died in West Chester, Pa., April 23, 1863. Darragh, Archibald Bard, a Representative from Michigan; born in Monroe county, Mich., De- cember 23, 1840; received a common school and collegiate training, and was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1868; served in the Union army during the Civil War as a private and officer until discharged in 1865; engaged in the business of banking in St. Louis, Mich.; elected treasurer of Gratiot -county in 1872; member of the state legis- lature in 1882; member of board of control of the state asylum; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1901- March 3, 1909) ; reengaged in banking in St. Louis, Mich. Darragh, Cornelius, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Pittsburgh, Pa., in 1809; attended the Western University of Pennsylvania ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1830, and practiced in Pittsburgh; state senator in 1832, and reelected several times; United States district at- torney for the western district of Pennsylvania; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Wilkins; reelected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, and served from March 26, 1844, "to March 3, 1847; attorney general of Pennsylvania from January 4, 1849, to April 28, 1851; died in Pittsburgh, Pa., January 20, 1855. Darrall, Chester Bidwell, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Somerset county, Pa., June 24, 1842; attended the common schools; studied medicine and was graduated from the Albany medical college; entered the Union arrny as assistant surgeon of the eighty -sixth New York volunteers; promoted to be surgeon; resigned from the army while on duty in Louisiana in 1867 and engaged in business and planting in Brashear, La., delegate to the national Republican convention at Philadelphia, in 1872, and to the Cincinnati con- vention in 1876; elected to the state senate of Louisiana in 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty-third, Forty- fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1879); moved to Morgan City, La., and was elected to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); after leaving Congress served as register of United States land office, New Orleans, La., and engaged in sugar planting; died in' Washington, D. C., January 1, 1908. Davee, Thomas, a Representative from Maine; born in Plymouth, Mass., December 9, 1797; at- tended the public schools; moved to Maine, where he engaged in business; member of the state house of representatives in 1826-27; the state senate 1830- 1832; speaker of the house of representatives in 1835; high sheriff of Somerset county in 1835; post- master of Blanchard; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); member of Maine senate in 1841-1842; died in Blanchard, Me., December 9, 1841. Davenport, Franklin, a Senator and a Repre- sentative from New Jersey; born in Philadelphia, Pa., in September, 1755; completed preparatory studies; studied law, admitted to the bar, and practiced in Woodbury, N. J.; served in the war of the Revolution as captain of artillery in Col. New- comb's New Jersey brigade, and also under Col. Samuel Smith in FortMifflin; was a colonel in the New Jersey line during the whisky insurrection of 1794, and marched with the troops to Pittsburgh, Pa. ; appointed first surrogate of Gloucester county; appointed to theUnited States Senate to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Rutherfurd, and served from December 5, 1798, to February 14, 1799; elected a Representative to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801); died in Woodbury, N. J., July 27, 1832. Davenport, Ira, a Representative from New York; born in Hornellsville, N. Y., June 28, 1841; attended school in Bath, N. Y., and Russell's school, New Haven, Conn.; elected to the state senate 1878-1879 and 1880-1881; elected comptroller of the state of New York in 1881, serving two years; defeated as the Republican candidate for governor of New York in 1885; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Bath, N. Y., October 6, 1904. Davenport, James, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Stamford, Conn., October 12, 1758; was graduated from Yale college in 1777; served in the commissary department in the war of the Revolution; judge of the court of common pleas ; elected to the Fourth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Hillhouse; elected Senator; reelected to the Fifth Congress and served from December 5, 1796, to August 3, 1797, when he died in Stamford, Conn. Davenport, James Sandford, a Representa- tive from Oklahoma; born near Gaylesville, Chero- kee county, Ala., September 21, 1864; moved with his father s family to Conway, Faulkner county, Ark., where he attended the public schools and the academy at Greenbrier, Ark. ; read law and was ad- mitted to the bar of Faulkner county, February 14, 1890; in October of that year moved to Muskogee, Ind. T., and in 1893 removed to Vinita, and practiced law; served two terms in the lower house of the Cherokee legislature, from 1897 to 1901; was speaker the latter term; in November, 1899, was selected one of the attorneys for the Cherokee nation and held that position until March 4, 1907; was twice elected mayor of Vinita 1903-1904; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Davenport, John, jr., a Representative from Connecticut; born in Stamford, Conn., January 16, 1752; was graduated from Yale college in 1770; tutor there in 1773-74; studied law, admitted to the bar, and afterwards practiced in Stamford, Conn.; served in the commissary department in the war of the Revolution, and attained the rank of major; elected as a Federalist to the Sixth and to the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1799- March 3, 1817); died in Stamford, Conn., Novem- ber 28, 1830. Davenport, John, a Representative from Ohio; born in Jefferson county, Va., January 9, 1788; 592 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOBY. was engaged in mercantile pursuits; member of the state house of representatives and of the state senate for several years; elected to the general as- sembly of Ohio in 1820 and 1829, elected as an Adams man to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); defeated for the Twenty-first Congress; twice elected by the legislature judge of the Monroe judicial circuit; died in Woodsfield, Ohio, July 18, 1855. Davenport, Samuel Arza, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born January 15, 1834, near Watkins, Schuyler county, N. Y.; moved to Erie, Erie county, Pa., in 1839; attended the Erie academy; read law and was graduated from the Harvard law school in 1855; elected district at- torney for the county of Erie in 1860; delegate to the Republican national convention at Chicago in 1888, and at Minneapolis in 1892; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901); died in Erie, Pa., August 1, 1911. Davenport, Stanley Woodward, a Repre- sentative from Pennsylvania; born in Plymouth, Luzerne county, Pa., July 21, 1861; attended the public schools and Wyoming seminary ; was gradu- ated from the Wesleyan university, Middletown, Conn., in 1884; read law, an'd admitted to the bar in June, 1890; appointed a director of the poor of the central district of Luzerne county in 1893; secre- tary and treasurer of the poor district; register of wills of Luzerne county in 1898; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899- March 3, 1901); after his retirement from Congress resumed the practice of law in Plymouth, Pa. Davenport, Thomas, a Representative from Virginia; born in Cumberland county, Va.; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, admitted to the bar, and practiced in Meadsville, Va. ; elected as a Federalist to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1835); defeated for the Twenty-fourth Congress; died near Meads- ville, Va., November 18, 1838. Davey, Robert Charles, a Representative from Louisiana; born in New Orleans, La., October 22, 1853; attended the public schools and was gradu- ated from St. Vincent's college, Cape Girardeau, Mo., in 1871; elected a member of the state senate in 1879-1888, 1892; president pro tempore of the senate during the sessions of 1884-1886; elected judge of the first recorder's court November, 1880- 1882, and April, 1884, and served until May, 1888; defeated for mayor of New Orleans in April, 1888; elected to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1895); declined renomination for the Fifty-fourth Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six succeeding Congresses; served from March 4, 1897, to the date of his death, in New Orleans, La., December 26, 1908. Davidson, Alexander Caldwell, a Representa- tive from Alabama; born in Mecklenburg county, N. C., December 26, 1826; attended the public schools of Marengo county, Ala., and was graduated from the University of Alabama July 11, 1848; studied law, but never practiced; cotton planter; member of the state house of representatives 1880- 1881, and of the state senate 1882, 1883, 1884, and 1885; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Westwood, Uniontown, Ala., November 6, 1897. Davidson, James Henry, a Representative from Wisconsin; born June 18, 1858, in Colchester, Delaware county, N. Y.; attended the public schools and Walton (N. Y.) academy; taught school in Delaware and Sullivan counties, N. Y., and Princeton, Green Lake county, Wis.; was gradu- ated from the Albany law school in 1884; moved to Green Lake county, Wis., and commenced practice in Princeton in 1887; elected district attorney of Green Lake county in 1888; chairman of the Re- publican Congressional committee for the Sixth district of Wisconsin in 1890; moved to Oshkosh, Wis., January 1, 1892, and became member of a law firm and later practiced alone; appointed city attorney in May, 1895, for two years; elected as a Republican to the Fifty -fifth and to the six suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Davidson, Robert H. M., a Representative from Florida; born in Gadsden county, Fla., Sep- tember 23, 1832; attended the academy in Quincy; studied law at the University of Virginia; was ad- mitted to the bar and practiced in Quincy, Fla. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1856-1859; elected to the state senate in 1860; re- tired from the state senate in 1862, and entered the Confederate army as captain of infantry, and attained the rank of lieutenant colonel; member of the state constitutional convention in 1865; elector on the Greeley and Brown ticket in 1872; elected as a Conservative Democrat to the Forty- fifth and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1891). Davidson, Thomas G., a Representative from Louisiana; born in Jefferson county, Miss., August 6, 1805; completed the preparatory course of study; studied law, and commenced practice in Greens- burg, La.; register of the United States land office; member of the state house of representatives 1833- 1846; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth, Thirtv-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1861); after the Civil War he served again in the state legislature; died in Livingston Parish, La., September 11, 1883. Davidson, William, a Representative from North Carolina; was born in Mecklenburg county, N. C., September 12, 1778; completed prepara- tory studies; an extensive planter; member of the state senate 1813, 1815-1819, 1825, and 1827- 1830; elected as a Federalist to the Fifteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Daniel M. Forney; reelected to the Six- teenth Congress, and served from December 2, 1818, to March 3, 1821; defeated for the Seventeenth Congress; died in Charlotte, N. C., September 16, 1857. Davies, Edward, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in that state; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty -sixth Ccngresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841). Davis, Alexander M., a Representative from Virginia; a resident of Independence, Va.; pre- sented credentials as a Member-elect to the Forty- third Congress, and served from March 4, 1873, to March 5, 1874, when he was unseated in a contest with Christopher Y. Thomas. Davis, Amos, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Mount Sterling Ky., August 15, 1794; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Mount BIOGRAPHIES. 593 Sterling; member of the state house of representa- tives 1819, 1825, 1827, and 1828; elected ag a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833- March 3, 1835) ; candidate for reelection, and while speaking in Owingsville, Ky., was taken ill and died in a few hours, June 11, 1835. Davis, Charles Russell, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Pittsfield, 111.; moved with parents to Le Sueur county, Minn., in early youth; attended public schools, was instructed by private tutor, and was graduated from a business college in St. Paul, Minn.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in St. Peter, Minn., for many years; prosecuting attorney of Nicollet county for ten years; city attorney and city clerk of St. Peter for eighteen years; member of the state house of representatives two years and of the state senate for lour years; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Davis, Cushman Kellogg, a Senator from Minnesota; bom in Henderson, Jefferson county, N. Y., June 16, 1838; removed with his parents when a child to Waukesha, Wis.; attended Car- roll college in Waukesha, and was graduated from the University of Michigan in June, 1857; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1859, and began practice in Waukesha; first lieutenant in the twenty-eighth Wisconsin infantry 1861-1862; as- sistant adjutant-general on the staff of Gen. Willis A. Gorman 1862-1864; settled in St. Paul, Minn., in 1865; member of the Minnesota legislature in 1867; United States district attorney 1868-1873; governor 1874-1875; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and took his seat March 4, 1887; twice reelected and served until his death; member of the commission which met in Paris, France, September, 1898, to arrange terms of peace between the United States and Spain; died in St. Paul, Minn., November 27, 1900. Davis, David, a Senator from Illinois; born in Cecil county, Md., March 9, 1815; was graduated from Kenyon college, Ohio, in 1832; studied law in Lenox, Mass., and the law school at New Haven; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Pekin, 111., in the fall of 1835; located in Bloom- ington, 111., in 1836; member of the state house of representatives in 1844; delegate to the state con- stitutional convention in 1847; elected in 1848 judge of the eighth judicial circuit of Illinois, and held the office by repeated elections until he re- signed it in October, 1862; delegate to the national Republican convention at Chicago in 1860; ap- pointed by President Lincoln a judge of the supreme court of the United States in October, 1862, and served until March 4, 1877, when he re- signed to take his seat in the United States Senate, having been elected the previous January, by the votes of Independents and Democrats; elected President of the Senate pro tempore October 13, 1881, and served until March 3, 1883; died in Bloomington, 111., June 26, 1886 Davis, Garrett, a Representative and a Senator from Kentucky; born in Mount Sterling, Ky., Sep- tember 10, 1801; completed preparatory studies; employed in the office of the county clerk of Mont- gomery county and afterwards of Bourbon county; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1823, and practiced in Paris, Ky.; member of the state house of representatives 1833-1835; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1839; elected as a 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 38 Henry Clay Whig to the Twenty-sixth, Twenty- seventh, Twenty-eighth, and Twenty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1847); declined reelection and resumed his professional and agri- cultural pursuits; declined the nomination for lieutenant governor on the ticket headed by John J. Crittenden in 1848; delegate to the state con- stitutional convention in 1849; elected as an old- line Whig to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the Senate expelling John C. Breckinridge; was reelected and served from December 10, 1861, until his death, in Paris, Ky., September 22, 1872. Davis, George Royal, a Representative from Illinois; born in Three Rivers, Hampden county, Mass., January 3, 1840; completed classical studies at Williston seminary, Easthampton, Mass., grad- uating in 1860; studied law; entered the army in July, 1862, and was an officer during the war; held the position of captain in the eighth Massa- chusetts volunteer infantry and that of major in the third Rhode Island cavalry; engaged in busi- ness in Chicago as a manufacturer and as an insurance and financial agent; he became a mem- ber of the state militia and senior colonel of the first Illinois national guard; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty- eighth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1885); treasurer of Cook county, 111., 1886-1890; director general of World's Columbian Exposition 1893; died in Chicago, 111., November 25, 1899. Davis, George Thomas, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Sandwich, Mass., January 12, 1810; was graduated from Harvard college in 1829; studied law at Cambridge and at Greenfield, and commenced practice in 1832 in Greenfield; established the "Franklin Mercury" in 1833; member of the state house of representatives one year and of the state senate for two years, 1839- 1840; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); moved to Portland, Me., where he died June 17, 1877. Davis, Henry Gassoway, a Senator from West Virginia; born in Howard county, Md., November 16, 1823; attended the country schools; lived and worked upon a farm until 1843; in the employ of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad company for fourteen years; commenced banking and mining coal at Piedmont in 1858; engaged in mining and shipping coal, manufacturing lumber, etc.; elected to the house of delegates of West Virginia in 1865; member of the national Democratic conventions in New York in 1868 and in Baltimore in 1872; elected to the state senate 1868 and 1870; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1883; located in Elkins, W. Va., where he resumed banking and became president of a railroad company. Democratic nominee for Vice President in 1904. Davis, Henry Winter, a Representative from Maryland; born in Annapolis, Md., August 16, 1817; was graduated from Kenyon college in 1837; studied law at the University of Virginia, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Alexandria; moved to Baltimore in 1850, where he continued practice and also engaged in literary pur- suits; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1861); was defeated for the Thirty- seventh, but was reelected to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); died in Baltimore, Md., December 30, 1865. 594 CONGEESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. Davis, Horace, a Representative from Cali- fornia; born in Worcester, Mass., March 16, 1831; attended the public schools of Worcester and was graduated from Harvard university in 1849; studied law in the Dane law school, but abandoned professional pursuits by reason of failing health; moved to California in 1852; engaged in milling; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); president of chamber of commerce of San Francisco 1883-1884, and president of University of California 1888-1890. Davis, Jacob C., a Representative from Illinois; resident of Warsaw, 111.; elected to the Thirty- fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of William A. Richardson, and served from December 4, 1856, to March 3, 1857. Davis, Jeff, a Senator from Arkansas; born in Little River County, Ark., May 6, 1862; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Pope county, Ark., at the age of 19 years; was elected prosecuting attor- ney of the filth judicial district in 1892, and reelected in 1894; was elected attorney general of the state in 1898; governor of Arkansas in 1901, 1903, and 1905; delegate at large to the Democratic national convention in 1904; elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1907, and reelected in 1912; died in Little Rock, Ark., January 3, 1913. Davis, Jefferson, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Mississippi; born in Christian county, Ky., June 3, 1808; attended St. Thomas college, Washington county, Ky., for two years; Jefferson college, Mississippi, and Transylvania university for two years ; was appointed a cadet and was graduated from West Point in 1828; commissioned second lieutenant of the first infantry July 1, 1828, and promoted first lieutenant of the first dragoons March 4, 1833,-and served until June 30, 1835, when he resigned; engaged in cotton planting in Warren county, Miss.; presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -ninth Congress, and served until June, 1846, when he resigned to command the first regi- ment of Mississippi riflemen in the war with Mex- ico; sailed with the regiment from New Orleans July 21, 1846; was with Gen. Taylor in the three days' siege of Monterey, where he greatly distin- guished himself, as he afterwards did at Buena Vista; appointed brigadier general May 27, 1847, but declined ; appointed to the United States Senate from Mississippi, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Jesse Speight; subsequently electee, and served from August 10, 1847, to November, 1851, when he resigned; defeated as a secession candi- date for governor in 1851; again elected to the United States Senate but resigned; appointed Sec- tary of War by President Pierce, and served from March 7, 1853, to March 3, 1857; again elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1857, until January 21, 1861, when he with- drew with other Senators, after explaining his purpose to the Senate; chosen president of the Confederacy by the provisional congress, and in- augurated in Montgomery, Ala., February 18, 1861; elected president of the Confederacy for six years, and inaugurated in Richmond, Va., February 22, 1862; captured by the Union troops in Irwinsville, Ga., May 10, 1865; imprisoned two years in Fortress Monroe, and indicted for treason May 8, 1866; re- leased on bail May 14, 1867; a nolle prosequi was ordered by the Government in December, 1868; died in New Orleans, La., December 6, 1889. Davis, John, a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Northboro, Mass., January 13, 1787, was graduated from Yale in 1812; studied law and in 1815 commenced practice in Worcester, Mass.; elected as a Whig to the Nine- teenth, Twentieth, Twenty -first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1825, to November, 14, 1834, when he re- signed, having been elected governor by the legis- lature, the popular election having failed ; served as governor one year; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1835, to Jan- uary 5, 1841, when he resigned; again governor of Massachusetts 1841-1843; nominated for vice president by a Whig mass meeting held in Dayton, Ohio, in 1842, but the action was not ratified by the Whig national convention of 1844 ; again elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Isaac C. Bates, and served from March 24, 1845, to March 3, 1853; died in Worcester, Mass., April 19, 1854. Davis, John, a Representative from Pennsylva- nia; born in that state in 1788; moved to Maryland and attended the public schools; returned to Penn- sylvania in 1812 and located in what is now Davis- ville; engaged in agriculture and mercantile pur- suits; served as captain in the war of 1812; rose to the rank of major general of militia; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); appointed collector of the port of Philadelphia by President Polk; delegate to several state and national Democratic conven- tions; died in Davisville, Pa., April 1, 1878. Davis, John, a Representative from Kansas,- born in Sangamon county, 111., August 9, 1826; attended Springfield academy, and Illinois col- lege, Jacksonville; removed to Macon county in 1850, and followed agricultural pursuits for twenty- two years; went to Kansas in 1872 and located upon a farm near Junction City; elected as a can- didate of the People's Party to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); devoted his time to literary work; died in Topeka, Kans., August 2, 1901. Davis, John Givan, a Representative from Indiana; born in Fleming county, Ky., October 10, 1810; attended the public schools; farmer and stock raiser; moved to Rockville, Ind.; sheriff of Parke county 1830-1831; clerk of the superior and inferior courts of the county 1833-1851 ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855), and as an anti-Lecompton Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); died in Terre Haute, Ind., January 18, 1866. Davis, John James, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Clarksburg, W. Va., May 5, 1835; attended the Northwestern Virginia academy; studied law, was admitted to the bar and prac- ticed; member of the state legislature of Virginia in 1861 and of West Virginia in 1870; presidential elector on the McClellan ticket in 1864; one of the delegates from the state at large to the national Democratic convention in New York in 1868; dele- gate to the National Democratic conventions in St. Louis in 1876 and in Chicago in 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); since retiring from Congress has practiced law in Clarks- burg, W. Va. Davis, John Wesley, a Representative from Indiana; born in New Holland, Lancaster county, BIOGKAPH1ES. 595 Pa., April 16, 1799; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine, was graduated from the Balti- more medical college in 1821; moved to Carlisle, Ind., in 1823; surrogate of Sullivan county in 1829; member of the state house of representatives for several years; served as speaker in 1832; commis- sioner to negotiate an Indian treaty in 1834; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); to the Twenty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841), and again to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); elected Speaker of the House of Representatives December 1, 1845; reelected to the state legislature and speaker of the lower house in 1847; commissioner to China January 3, 1848, to May 25, 1850; presided over the national Democratic convention in Bal- timore in 1852; governor of Oregon 1853-1854; died in Carlisle, Ind., August 22, 1859. Davis, Joseph John, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Franklin county, N. C., April 13, 1828; attended Wake Forest college, William and Mary college, and was graduated from the law department of the University of North Caro- lina in 1850, admitted to the bar and engaged in practice in Oxford, N. C., and later in Louis- burg, N. C.; served in the Confederate army as captain; member of the state legislature in 1866- 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -fourth, Forty -fifth, and Forty -sixth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1881); appointed a justice of the supreme court of the state in 1887, and in 1888 was elected; died August 7, 1892, in Louisburg, N. C. Davis, Lowndes Henry, a Representative from Missouri; born in Jackson, Cape Girardeau county, Mo., December 14, 1836; was graduated from Yale in 1860, and from the Louisville university law school in 1863; admitted to the bar, and practiced in Jackson, Mo., until 1875; elected state attorney for the tenth judicial district of Missouri in 1868, which office he held for four years; an elector in 1872 on the Greeley and Brown ticket; member of the state constitutional convention in 1875; member of the state general assembly in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth, Forty- seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1885). Davis, Noah, a Representative from New York; born in Haverhill, N. H., September 10, 1818; moved with his parents to Albion, N. Y., in 1825; attended the common schools and Lima seminary; studied law in Lewiston, admitted to the bar, and practiced in Gainesville and Buffalo; moved to Albion February, 1844, where he continued prac- tice until May, 1858; appointed, and subsequently twice elected judge of the supreme court for the eighth judicial district, served 1857-1868; moved to New York, and practiced law; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-first Congress, and served from March 4, 1869, until July 15, 1870, when he resigned; appointed by President Grant United States attorney for the southern district of New York, and served from July 20, 1870, until Decem- ber 31, 1872, when he resigned, having been re- elected a judge of the supreme court of the state; served until 1887; member of council of the Uni- versity of New York City; died in New York City March 20, 1902. Davis, Reuben, a Representative from Missis- sippi; born in Tennessee, January 18, 1813; at- tended the public schools; studied medicine but practiced only a few years, when he abandoned the profession and studied law, was admitted to the bar. moved to Aberdeen, Miss., where he prac- ticed; prosecuting attorney for the sixth judicial district 1835-1839; judge of the high court of ap- peals in 1842, but after four months' service re- signed; served as colonel of the second regiment Mississippi volunteers in the war with Mexico; member of the state house of representatives 1855-1857; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses, and served from December 7, 1857, to January 12, 1861, when he retired from the House; served in the Confederate army as brigadier general; resumed the practice of law; died in Huntsville, Tenn., October 14, 1890. Davis, Richard D., a Representative from New York; born in that state; was graduated from Yale college in 1818; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845). Davis, Robert Thompson, a. Representative from Massachusetts; born in county Down, Ireland, August 28, 1823; his parents emigrated to this country and settled in Amesbury, Essex county, Mass., in 1826; attended the Amesbury academy and the Friends' school in Providence, R. I.; was graduated from the medical department of Harvard university in 1847; dispensary physician in Boston; practiced medicine three years in Waterville, Me.; moved to Fall River, Mass., in 1850; member of the state constitutional convention of 1853; state senate 1859-1861; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1860 and 1876; mayor of Fall River in 1873; member of the state board of charities when organized in 1863; ap- pointed a member of the state board of health upon its organization in 1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889); re- sumed the practice of medicine iu Fall River, and died there October 29, 1906. Davis, Robert Wyche, a Representative from Florida; born in Lee county, Ga., March 15, 1849; attended the common schools; entered the Con- federate army in 1863, and served until the close of the war; read law, was admitted to the bar in 1868; moved to Florida in 1879; elected to the legislature from Clay county in 1884; elected speaker of the house of representatives session of 1886; unsuc- cessful candidate for governor in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty- seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1905). Davis, Roger, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; was elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1815). Davis, Samuel, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Bath, Me., in 1774; engaged in mercantile pursuits; member of the state house of representatives in 1803 and 1808-1812; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); again a member of the state house of representatives 1815-16; died in Bath, Me., April 17, 1831. Davis, Thomas, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Dublin, Ireland, December 18, 1806; emigrated to the United States and located 596 CONGKESSIONAL DIBECTOKY. in Providence, R. I., in 1817; manufacturing jeweler; member of the state senate 1845-1853; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); unsuccessful can- didate for the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-sixth, Forty- second, Forty-third, and Forty-sixth Congresses; state senator 1877-78; became financially in- volved and a bankrupt in 1883, and was deprived of the right of citizenship; regained his fortune when rights were restored; member of general assembly 1887-1890; died in Providence, R. I., July 26, 1895. Davis, Thomas Beall, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Baltimore, Md., April 25, 1828; moved to Howard county, Md., where he attended the common schools; in the early fifties moved to Piedmont, W. Va., and entered the employ of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad com- pany; a few years later he engaged in the mercan- tile business, lumbering, banking, mining, and finally the building of railroads; in later years devoted much attention to farming and raising fine stock; elected to the legislature of West Vir- ginia from Mineral county as a Democrat in 1898; member of the state Democratic executive com- mittee for thirty years; elected to the Fifty-ninth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Alston G. Dayton and served from December 4, 1905, to March 3, 1907; died in Keyser, W. Va., November 26, 1911. Davis, Thomas T., a Representative from Kentucky; elected to the Fifth, Sixth, and Sev- enth Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1803). Davis, Thomas Treadwell, a Representative from New York; born in Middlebury, Addison county, Vt., August 22, 1810; was graduated from Hamilton college in 1831; studied law in Syracuse, N. Y.; admitted to the bar in 1833, but practiced only a short time, when he turned his attention to railroading and coal mining; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867) presumed the prac- tice of law in Syracuse, and died there May 22, 1872. Davis, Timothy, a Representative from Iowa; born in Newark, N. J., March, 1794; attended the public schools; moved to Kentucky in 1816; re- moved to Dubuque, Iowa, in 1837; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859). Davis, Timothy, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Gloucester, Mass., April 12, 1821; attended the public schools; served two years in a printing office; clerk and subsequently a merchant in Boston; elected as an American to the Thirty- fourth Congress and as a Republican to the Thirty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); appointed clerk in the Boston customhouse; became an attorney for the prosecution of claims against the Government; died in Boston, Mass., October 23, 1888. Davis, Warren Ransom, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Columbia, S. C., May 8, 1793; was graduated from the college of South Carolina in 1810; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1814 and practiced in Pendleton, S. C. ; state solicitor of the western circuit 1818-1824; elected as a State's Rights Democrat to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses and served from March 4, 1827, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 29, 1835. Davis, William Morris, a Representative from Pennsylvania; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863). Davison, George Mosby, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Stanford, Lincoln county, Ky., March 23, 1856; attended the common schools, Stanford academy, and the private school of Prof. J. B. Meyers; studied law, and admitted to the bar in 1879; appointed to the internal-revenue service in 1881, and served until 1885; appointed master of chancery, or commissioner, of the Lincoln circuit court in 1886 and resigned in 1893; elected to the legislature from Lincoln county as a Repub- lican in 1887; Republican candidate for elector in 1888 and 1892; elected judge of the Lincoln county court in 1894; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); claimed to have been elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress, but was denied the seat; resumed the practice of law in Stanford, Ky., until his death there, December 19, 1912. Davy, John Madison, a Representative from New York; born in Ottawa, Ontario, June 29, 1835; while quite young moved with his parents to Monroe county, N. Y.; attended the common schools; studied law in Rochester, was admitted to the bar, and afterwards practiced; elected district attorney of Monroe county in 1868 for three years; appointed by President Grant collector of customs for the port of Genesee in April, 1872, which office he held until elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, .1877); was jus- tice of the supreme court of New York sixteen years; died in Atlantic City, N. J., April 21, 1909. Dawes, Beman Gates, a Representative from Ohio; born in Marietta, Ohio, January 14, 1870; attended Marietta academy and college; engaged in business; elected to the Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1909); after his retirement from Congress became interested in oil and electric railways. Dawes, Henry Laurens, a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Cumming- ton, Mass., October 30, 1816; was graduated from Yale in 1839; became a teacher and edited the Greenfield Gazette and North Adams Transcript; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1842, and began practice in North Adams, Mass.; mem- ber of the house of representatives of Massachusetts in 1848, 1849, and 1852; member of the state senate in 1850; member of the state constitutional con- vention in 3853; district attorney for the western district of Massachusetts, 1853-1857; elected to the Thirty-fifth and to the eight succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1875); declined to be a candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress; elected as a Republican to the United States Sen- ate in 1875; was reelected in 1881 and 1887, and served from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1893; located in Pittsfield, Mass.; chairman of a com- mission to the Five Civilized Tribes of the Indian Territory, 1893-1903; died in Pittsfield, Mass., February 5, 1903. Dawes, Rufus R., a Representative from Ohio; born in Malta, Morgan county, Ohio, July 4, 1838; was graduated from Marietta college, Ohio, in 1860; entered the volunteer service in 1861 as a captain in the sixth Wisconsin volunteers, and during the war was promoted to major in 1862, lieutenant colonel and colonel in 1863, and brigadier general BIOGRAPHIES. 597 by brevet, March 13, 1865; engaged in business in Marietta; elected as a Republican to the Forty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); died in Marietta, Ohio, August 2, 1899. Dawson, Albert Foster, a Representative from Iowa; born in Spragueville, Iowa, January 26, 1872; attended the common schools of Iowa and the University of Wisconsin ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; engaged in newspaper work in Preston and Clinton, Iowa; served several years on the official staff of Congress; elected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); engaged in the practice of law in Washington, D. C. Dawson, John, a Representative from Virginia; born in that state in 1762; was graduated from Har- vard college in 1782; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; presidential elector on the Washington ticket in 1793; delegate in the state constitutional convention; was the bearer of dispatches from President Adams to the govern- ment of France in 1801 ; served as aid to Gen. Jacob Brown, commander-in-chief of the United States army in 1813; member of the state house of bur- gesses; elected as a Democrat to the Fifth and to the eight succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1797, until his death, in Washington, D. C., March 30, 1814. Dawson, John B . , a Representative from Louisi- ana; born in Nashville, Tenn., in 1800; attended Center college, Ky.; moved to Louisiana and be- came a planter; member of the state house of repre- sentatives for several years; judge of the parish court; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845); died in St. Francisville, La., June 26, 1845. Dawson, John Littleton, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Union town, Pa., Feb- ruary 7, 1813; was graduated from Washington college in 1833; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced practice in Brownsville, Pa.; deputy attorney general of the state in 1838; United States district attorney for the western dis- trict of Pennsylvania, 1845-1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); ap- pointed governor of Kansas territory by President Pierce, but declined; reelected to the Thirty- eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1867) ; delegate to the national Democratic conventions in 1844, 1848, 1860, and 1868; died in Friendship Hill, Springfield township, Fayette county, Pa., September 18, 1870. Dawson, William, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in New Madrid, New Madrid county, Mo., March 17, 1848; was graduated from the col- lege of the Christian Brothers in St. Louie, Mo., in 1869; elected sheriff and collector of New Madrid county in 1870 and 1872; elected in 1878 to the lower house of the general assembly of Missouri; and reelected in 1880 and 1882; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885- March3, 1887). After leaving Congress he engaged in the land business in New Madrid, Mo. Dawson, William Crossby, a Representative and a Senator from Georgia; bom in Greene county, Ga., January 4, 1798; was graduated from Franklin college in 1816; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1816, and commenced practice in Greens- boro, Ga. ; member of the state senate and house of representatives for several years; elected as a State's Rights Whig to the 'Twenty-fourth Con- gress to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Coffee; reelected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty- sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses, and served from December 26, 1836, to September 13, 1841, when he resigned; judge of the Ocmulgee circuit court from February 1 to November 11, 1845; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1849, to March 3, 1855; presided over the Memphis convention of 1853; died in Greensboro, Ga., May 5, 1856. Dawson, William Johnston, a Representative from North Carolina; born in that state; elected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795). Day, Rowland, a Representative from New York; born in Chester, Mass., March 6, 1779; moved with his parents to Skaneateles, N. Y., in 1805, and from thence to Moravia, N. Y., in 1810; member of the state house of representatives 1816- 1817; a member of the convention to revise the constitution of the state of New York in 1821; held several local offices in Sernpronius, where he resided; elected as a Democrat to the Eigh- teenth and Twenty- third Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825) and (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835). Died in Moravia, N. Y., December 23, 1853. Day, Timothy Crane, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, January 8, 1819; attended the public schools; elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855- March 3, 1857); died in Cincinnati, Ohio, April 15, 1869. Dayan, Charles, a Representative from New York; born in Amsterdam, N. Y., July 16, 1792; spent the early part of his life on a farm; attended the public schools; taught school ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1819 and practiced in Low- ville; member of the state senate in 1827 and 1828; presidential elector in 1828; acting lieutenant gov- ernor from October 17 to December 31, 1828; presi- dential elector on the Jackson ticket in 1828; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); member of the state house of representatives in 1835-1836; district attorney for Lewis county, 1840-1845; died in Lowville, N. Y., December 25, 1877. Dayton, Alston Gordon, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Philippi, Va. (now West Virginia, October 18, 1857; was graduated from the University of West Virginia in June, 1878; studied law, and was admitted to the bar October 18, 1878; appointed to fill out an unexpired term as pros- ecuting attorney of Upshur county, W. Va., in 1879; prosecuting attorney for Barbour county, 1884-1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth and to the five succeeding Congresses ; served from March 4, 1895, until his resignation March 16, 1905, and was appointed United States district judge for the northern district of West Virginia March 5, 1905, which position he now holds. Dayton, Elias, a Delegate from New Jersey; born in Elizabethtown, N. J., February 4, 1737; completed preparatory studies; joined the British forces and fought in the "Jersey Blues" under Wolfe at Quebec; subsequently commanded a com- pany of militia in an expedition against the Indians at Detroit; member of the Committee of Safety at the breaking out of the war of the Revolutionfap- 598 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. pointed colonel of the third New Jersey regiment and promoted to the rank of brigadier general January 7, 1783; elected major general of militia; served several terms in the state legislature ; elected a delegate in the Continental Congress 1787-88; died in Elizabethtown, N. J., October 22, 1807. Dayton, Jonathan, a Representative and a Senator from New Jersey; born in Elizabethtown, N. J., October 16, 1760; was graduated from Prince- ton college in 1776; studied law and admitted to the bar, but entered the Continental army as pay- master in the regiment commanded by his father; served throughout the war of the Revolution ; mem- ber of the state council for several terms and its speaker in 1790; delegate to the federal constitu- tional convention, 1787; elected to the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1799); served as Speaker during the Fourth and Fifth Congresses; elected a United States Senator, and served from March 4, 1799, to March 3, 1805; was arrested in 1807 on the charge of conspiring with Aaron Burr in treasonable proj- ects; gave bail, was subsequently released, and was never brought to trial; died in Elizabethtown, N. J., October 9, 1824. Dayton, William Lewis, a Senator from New Jersey; born in Basking Ridge, N. J., February 17, 1807; was graduated from Princeton college in 1825; studied law at Gould's law school in Litch- field, Conn., and commenced practice in Somer- ville, N. J., in 1830; state senator, 1836-37; asso- ciate judge of the supreme court from February 28, 1838, to November 1, 1841, when he resigned; ap- pointed a United States Senator to fill vacancy caused by the death of Samuel L. Southard; sub- sequently elected and served from July 2, 1842, to March 3, 1851; resumed the practice of law; nomi- nated in 1856 by the newly formed Republican party as its candidate for Vice President on the Fremont ticket; attorney general of New Jersey, 1857-1861; appointed by President Lincoln min- ister to France March 18, 1861, and served until his death in Paris, December 1, 1864. Dean, Benjamin, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Clitheroe, England, August 14, 1824; emigrated to Lowell, Mass., at an early age; received classical training in the Lowell schools and Dartmouth college; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1845 and practiced in Lowell; re- moved to Boston in 1852; member of the state senate in 1862, 1863, and 1869; successfully con- tested, as a Democrat the election of Walbridge A. Field to the Forty-fifth Congress, and served irom March 28, 1878, until March 3, 1879; died in South Boston, Mass., April 9, 1897. Dean, Ezra, a Representative from Ohio; born in Hillsdale, Columbia county, N. Y., April 9, 1795; moved to Ohio, where he held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sev- enth and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841- March 3, 1845). Died in Ironton, Ohio, January 25, 1872. Dean, Gilbert, a Representative from New York; born in Pleasant Valley, Dutchess county, N. Y., August 14, 1819; was graduated from Yale college in 1841; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., in 1844; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- second and Thirty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1851, until July 3, 1854, when he resigned; appointed justice of the supreme court of New York and served until December 31, 1855; removed to New York City in 1856 and continued the practice of law; died in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., October 12, 1870. Dean, Josiah, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Raynham, Mass., March 6, 1748; attended the common schools; presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1805; member of the state senate 1804-1807; elected to the Tenth Con- gress (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809); again a member of the state house of representatives 1810- 11; died in Raynham, Mass., October 14, 1818. Dean, Sidney, a Representative from Connecti- cut; born in Glastonbury, Conn., November 16, 181 8; attended the common schools and Wilbra- ham academy; engaged in manufacturing and be- came a Methodist clergyman in 1843; member of the state house of representatives; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth, and reelected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); moved to Rhode Island in 1860, where he became pastor of a church, and af- terwards editor of the Providence Press until 1880; during this period he served as state senator one term in 1870 from Warren, R. I. ; died in Brookline, Mass., October 29, 1901. Deane, Silas, a Delegate from Connecticut; born in Groton, Conn., December 24, 1737 ; received a classical training and was graduated from Yale college in 1758; engaged in mercantile pursuits in Wethersfield, Conn.; delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress 1774-1776; ordered to France in March, 1776, as a secret political and financial agent, and in September was commis- sioned as ambassador with Franklin and Lee; ne- gotiated and signed the treaty between France and the United States, in Paris, February 6, 1778; per- sonally secured the services of Lafayette, Dekalb, and other foreign officers, for which he was accused of extravagance and was recalled in 1777, and inves- tigated by Congress; returned to France to procure transcripts of his transactions there and found that the publication of some of his confidential dis- patches had embittered that government against him, and he was compelled to go to Holland, and thence to Great Britain, greatly impoverished and feeling that he had been unjustly injured; died in Deal, England, August 23, 1789; in 1842 Congress vindicated his memory by deciding that a con- siderable sum of money was due him, which was paid to his heirs, Dearborn, Henry, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in North Hampton, N. H., Feb- ruary 23, 1751 j received a public school training; studied medicine, and began practice in 1772 in Nottingham Square; captain in Stark 's regiment during the Revolutionary war and participated in the battle of Bunker Hill, where he covered the retreat of the American forces; accompanied Ar- nold's expedition to Canada and took part in the storming of Quebec; was taken prisoner, but was released on parole in May, 1776; fought in the bat- tles of Stillwater, Saratoga, Monmouth, and New- ton; joined Washington's staff in 1781 as deputy quartermaster general with rank of colonel, and served at the siege of Yorktown; moved to Mon- mouth, Me., in June, 1784; elected brigadier gen- eral of militia in 1787, and made major general in 1789; appointed United States marshal for the dis- trict of Maine in 1789; elected as a Democrat from BIOGKAPHIES. 599 a Maine district of Massachusetts to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797); appointed Secretary of War by President Jeffer- son, and served from March 4, 1801, until March 7, 1809; appointed collector of the port of Boston by President Madison in 1809, which position he held until January 27, 1812, when he was appointed senior major general in the United States army; in command at the capture of York (now Toronto) April 27, 1813, and Fort George, May 27, 1813; re- called from the frontier July 6, 1813, and placed in command of the city of New York; appointed min- ister plenipotentiary to Portugal by President Mon- roe, and served from May 7, 1822, until June 30, 1824, when, by his own request, he was recalled; returned to Roxbury, Mass., where he died June 6, 1829. Dearborn, Henry Alexander Scammell, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Exeter, N. II., March 3, 1783; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1803; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar, and began practice in Salem, Mass. ; collector of customs in Boston, 1812-1829; served in the war of 1812 as brigadier general commanding the volunteers in the defenses of Boston harbor; member of the state constitutional convention in 1820; of the state house of representatives in 1829, and of the state senate in 1830; elected to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); adjutant general of Massachusetts 1834-1843; mayor of Roxbury 1847-1851; died in Portland, Me., July 29, 1851. De Arrnond, David Albaugh, a Representa- tive from Missouri; born in Blair county, Pa., March 18, 1844; attended the common schools and Williamsport Dickinson seminary; moved to Mis- souri, located in Butler; presidential elector in 1884; state senator, circuit judge, and Missouri supreme court commissioner; elected as a Demo- crat to the FJty-second, and to the nine succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1891, until his death in Butler, Mo., November 23, 1910. Deberry, Edmund, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Mount Gilead, Mont- gomery county, N. C., August 14, 1787; received a public-school training; member of the state sen- ate 1808-1812, 1813, 1814, 1820, 1821, 1826-1829; elected as an Adams supporter to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); defeated for reelection; reelected to the Twenty-third, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1833- March 3, 1845); again elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); died in Mount Gilead, N. C., December 12, 1859. Deboe, William Joseph, a Senator from Ken- tucky; born in Crittenden county, Ky., June 30, 1849; attended the public and academic schools of the state and Ewing college, Illinois; studied law and afterwards studied medicine, and was graduated from the Medical University of Louisville; prac- ticed a few years, when his health failed; renewed the study of law, was admitted to the bar; served as superintendent of schools of Crittenden county ; delegate to the national Republican convention in Chicago in 1888; member of the Republican state central committee twelve years; defeated for Con- gress in 1892; state senator 1893-1898; delegate at large to the Republican national convention in St. Louis in 1896, and chairman of the delegation; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1897, to March 3, 1903. De Bolt, Rezin A., a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Fairfield county, Ohio, January 20, 1828; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar in February, 1856; moved to Trenton, Grundy county, Mo., in 1858, and began practice; appointed in 1859 and elected in 1860 commissioner of common schools for Grundy county and served until the commence- ment of the Civil war; entered the Union army as captain in the twenty-third Missouri volunteer infantry; captured at the battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862, and held as prisoner until the following October; resigned his commission in 1863 on ac- count of impaired health; in 1864 again entered the United States service as major in the forty-fourth Missouri volunteer infantry; mustered out in August, 1865; elected judge of the circuit court for the eleventh judicial circuit of Missouri in Novem- ber, 1863, which position he held by reelection until January 1, 1875; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); died in Trenton, Mo., October 30, 1891. Deemer, Elias, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Bucks county, Pa., January 3, 1838; attended the common schools; engaged in business in Lycoming county and in Philadelphia; enlisted as a private in company E, one hundred and fourth Pennsylvania volunteers, in July, 1861, and served in the Pennsylvania campaign until the middle of May following, when he was dis- charged because of disabilities; moved to Williams- port, Pa., in the spring of 1868; president of the common council, 1888-1890; engaged in the manu- facture of lumber; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 190l-March 3, 1907); after his retirement from Congress engaged in the lumber business Deering, Nathaniel Cobb, a Representative from Iowa; born in Denmark, Oxford county, Me., September 2, 1827; attended the common schools and North Bridgeton academy; member of the state legislature in 1855-1856; moved to Osage, Iowa, in 1857; for several years a .clerk in the United States Senate, but resigned in 1865; later in 1865 appointed special agent of the Post Office Department for the district of Minnesota, Iowa, and Nebraska, and served until 1869, when he re- signed; appointed national-bank examiner for the state of Iowa in 1872, which position he held until February, 1877; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); died in Osage, Iowa, December 11, 1887. De Forest, Robert Elliott, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Guilford, Conn., Feb- ruary 20, 1845; attended Guilford academy and was graduated from Yale college in 1867; admitted to the bar in 1868; located in Bridgeport, where he practiced; appointed prosecuting attorney for Bridgeport in 1872; judge of the court of common pleas for Fairfield county in 1874; mayor of Bridge- port in 1878; elected to the legislature in 1880, and to the state senate in 1882; corporation counsel for Bridgeport; again elected mayor in 1889 and 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); after retirement from Congress practiced law in Bridgeport, Conn. Defrees, Joseph H., a Representative from Indiana; born in Carthage, Tenn., May 13, 1812; attended the common schools; learned the art of 600 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. printing; moved to Indiana and engaged in mer- cantile pursuits; sheriff of Elkhart county 1836- 1840; member of the state house of representatives in 1849 and of the state senate in 1850; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867). Degener, Edward, a Representative from Texas; born in Brunswick, Germany, October 20, 1809; pursued an academic course in Germany and in England; twice a member of the legislative body in Anhalt-Dessau and a member of the first German parliament in Frankfort; emigrated to the United States and located in Sisterdale, Tex.; engaged in farming in 1850; court-martialed and imprisoned by the Confederates on account of his loyalty to the Union; moved to San Antonio, Tex., after the war; engaged in business; member of the Texas constitutional conventions in 18G6 and 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March3, 1871); died in San Antonio, Tex., September 11, 1890. Degetau, Federico, a Resident Commissioner from Porto Rico; born in Ponce, P. R.; attended the schools of that island; was graduated as bach- elor of sciences and arts in Barcelona, Spain, and from the law department of the Central University of Madrid; one of the four commissioners sent by Porto Rico to ask Spain for autonomy; district of Ponce elected him a deputy to the Cortes of 1898; Gen. Henry appointed him secretary of the interior of the nrst American cabinet that was formed in Porto Rico; appointed a member of the insular board of charities by Gen. Davis; elected first vice president of the municipal council of San Juan in 1899, and later president of the board of education of that city; elected Resident Commis- sioner to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905). De Graff, John Isaac, a Representative from New York; born in Schenectady, N. Y., in 1783; attended the common schools; was a merchant and capitalist; served in the war of 1812; elected to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); reelected to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March3, 1839); was appointed Secretary of the Treasury by President Van Buren, but declined; served as mayor of Schenectady several terms; died. in Schenectady, N. Y., June 26, 1847. De Graffenreid, Reese Calhoun, a Repre- sentative from Texas; born in Franklin, Tenn., May 7, 1859; pursued an academic course there until 13 years old ; went to the University of Ten- nessee; was graduated from the Lebanon law school; having the right to practice before majority, he commenced the law practice immediately in Franklin; moved to Chattanooga, where he prac- ticed for one year; moved to Texas; helped to build the Texas and Pacific railroad; resumed the prac- tice of his profession at Longview, Tex., in 1883; elected county attorney and resigned two months afterwards; elector on the Democratic ticket in 1888; unsuccessful candidate for Congress in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses and served from March4, 1897, until his death in Washington, D. C., August 29, 1902. De Haven, John Jefferson, a Representative from California; born in St. Joseph, Mo., March 12, 1849; resided in Humboldt county; attended the common schools; printer by trade, and pursued that vocation for four years; studied law and ad- mitted to the bar of the district court in Humboldt in 1866; district attorney in 1867; member of the assembly in 1869; state senator in 1871; served until April, 1874; defeated as a candidate for delegate to the constitutional convention in 1878; appointed in the latter year city attorney of Eureka, and served two years; Republican candidate for Congress in 1882, and defeated; elected judge of the superior court of Humboldt county in 1884; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-first Congress and served from March 4, 1889, until October 1, 1890, when he re- signed; elected associate justice of the supreme court of California to fill an unexpired term of four years; commissioned United States district judge for the northern district of California, June 8, 1897; died near Napa, Cal., January 26, 1913. Dietz, William, a Representative from New York; born in Schoharie county, N. Y., June 28, 1778; attended the common schools; served in the state house of representatives 1814-1815 and in 1823; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827); member of the state senate 1830-1833; presidential elector 1832; colonel of the militia; died in Schoharie, N. Y., August 24, 1848. De Jarnette, Daniel Coleman, a Representa- tive from Virginia; born near Bowling Green, Va., September 27, 1822; pursued classical studies; served several years in the state house of repre- sentatives; elected as an antiadministration Demo- crat to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859- March 3, 1861); reelected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, but did not serve; Representative from Virginia to the first and second Confederate Con- gresses, 1862-1865; died in White Sulphur Springs, Va., August 18, 1881. De La Matyr, Gilbert, a Representative from Indiana; born in Pharsalia, N. Y., July 8, 1825; pursued an academic course; studied theology and was graduated in the theological course of the Meth- odist Episcopal church in 1854; itinerant elder in that church; member of the general conference in 1868, and for one term filled the office of presiding elder; helped enlist the eighth regiment of New York heavy artillery in 1862, and was its chaplain for three years; elected as a National and Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March3, 1881). De la Montanya, James, a Representative from New York; born in New York City March 20, 1798; resided in Haverstraw, N. Y.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); died in New York City, April 29, 1849. Delano, Charles, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in New Brain tree, Mass., June 24, 1820; attended the public schools, and was gradu- ated from A.nherst college in 1840; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1840, and began practice in Northampton, Mass.; appointed treas- urer of Hampden county in 1850; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); died in Northampton, Mass., January 23, 1883. Delano, Columbus, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Shoreham, Vt., June 4, 1809; moved to Mount Vernon, Ohio, in 1817; pursued an academic course; studied law, and in 1831 was admitted BIOGRAPHIES. 601 to the bar; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); defeated by two votes at the Whig state convention in 1847 as a candidate for the nomination for governor; delegate to the Republican national convention in Chicago that nominated Lincoln and Hamlin; served as state commissary general of Ohio in 1861; defeated by two votes for the United States Senate in 1862; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1863; delegate to the Republican na- tional convention in Baltimore that nominated Lincoln and Johnson; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); George W. Morgan, Demo- crat, obtained the certificate of election, but was unseated, June 3, 1868, and Mr. Delano was given the seat; appointed by President Grant Secretary of the Interior, November 1, 1870, which position he held until October 19, 1875, when he resigned; died in Mount Vernon, Ohio, October 25, 1896. De Lano, Milton, a Representative from New York; born in Wampsville, Madison county, N. Y., August 11, 1844; attended the common schools; brought up a merchant's clerk; merchant for eight years; three times elected town clerk of Lenox, 1867-1869; twice elected sheriff of Madison county, N. Y., 1873-1875 and 1879-1881; engaged in the banking and real estate business and the manu- facture of window glass; aided in the organization of the Canastota Northern railroad company, dele- gate to the national Republican convention in Chicago in 1884; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887- March 3, 1891); declined a renomination and re- tired from politics; became president of the state bank of Canastota, N. Y. Delaplaine, Isaac Clason, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, October 27, 1817; pursued an academic course; was gradu- ated from Columbia college in 1834; studied law and admitted to the bar; elected as a Fusionist to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); died in New York City, July 17, 1866. De Large, Robert C.; a Representative from South Carolina; born in Aiken, S. C., March 15, 1842; received a limited schooling; farmer; elected a member of the state constitutional convention in 1868; member of the state house of representa- tives 1868-1870; elected state land commissioner in 1870; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sec- ond Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); trial justice in Charleston, S. C., February 15, 1874. De Leon, Pablo Ocampo, Resident Commis- sioner from the Philippine Islands; born in Manila in 1853; studied in St. Thomas university, from which he was graduated in February, 1882, studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced. Under the Spanish regime he was secretary of the royal court of Manila, prosecuting attorney of the district of Tondo, and secretary of the Bar Association of Manila; in the Filipino government in Malolos he was a representative of the provinces of Principe, Infanta, Lepanto, and Bontoc, and was elected secretary of the Filipino parliament; also appointed professor of law of the University of Malolos; during the revolution, and when the Malolos cause became hopeless, a meeting was called in Manila by those who were willing to submit to the American gov- ernment, and at this meeting he was the only one who stood firmly against giving up the struggle; offered a place on the supreme court in the early days, but would not accept, and the position of Resident Commissioner in the United States is the first he has ever held under the American govern- ment; at one time he was editor of La Patria, in Manila, publication of which was suspended by order of Gen. Otis; counsel to the Economic As- sociation of the Philippines; shortly after the out- break of hostilities between the Americans and Filipinos he was appointed by the government of the Filipino republic its representative in Manila, with unlimited powers, and was known to the Americans as an "irreconcilable" and deported to Guam, where he remained two years; he was par- doned and returned to Manila, after taking the oath of allegiance to the American government; elected Resident Commissioner to the United States in November, 1907, to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909). Dellet, James, a Representative from Alabama; born in Camden, N. J., February 18, 1788; when quite young located in South Carolina; was gradu- ated from the University of South C arolina in 1810; studied law and in 1813 was admitted to the bar; moved to Alabama in 1818 and located in Clai- borne; elected to the first state house of representa- tives under the state government in 1819 and served as its speaker; reelected in 1821 and 1825; defeated as the Whig candidate for Congress in 1833; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841), reelected to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); died in Claiborne, Ala., December 21, 1848. Deming, Benjamin F., a Representative from Vermont; born in Danville, Vt.; pursued an aca- demic course; engaged in mercantile pursuits; served sixteen years as clerk of the county courts; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress and served from March 4, 1833 until his death in Saratoga Springs, N. Y., July 11, 1834. Deming, Henry Champion, a Representa- tive from Connecticut; born in Colchester, Conn., May 23, 1815; pursued classical studies, and was fraduated from Yale college in 1836, and from larvard law school in 1838 was admitted to the bar, and began practice at New York City; moved to Hartford, Conn., in 1845; member of the state house of representatives 1849, 1350, 1859, 1860, and 1861, and served the last year as speaker; mem- ber of the state senate in 1851; entered the Union army in 1861 as colonel of the twelfth Connecti- cut volunteers; appointed mayor of New Orleans under martial law; several years n;ayor of Hartford, Conn.; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- eighth and Thirty-ninth C ongresses (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1867); defeated for reelection to the For- tieth Congress; appointed collector of internal reve- nue in 1869, and served until his death, in Hartford, Conn., October 9, 1872. De Mott, Joiia, a Representative from New York; born in Readington, N. J., October 7, 1790; moved at an early age to New York; attended the common schools; pursued an academic course; member of the slate legislature in 1833; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March ; was major general of the thirty-eighth brigade of the state militia; super- visor in the towr.s of Covert end Lodi for several terms; for more than, forty years engaged in busi- ness in Lodi, N. Y., and was a prominent merchant and grain buyer; died in Lodi, Seneca county, N. Y., July 31, 1870. 602 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. De Motte, Mark Idndsey, a Representative from Indiana; born in Rockville, Ind., December 28, 1832; was graduated in the literary department of the Asbury University, in Greencastle, Ind., in 1853, and in the law department of the same uni- versity in 1855; began the practice of law in Valpa- raiso during the latter year; elected prosecuting at- torney of his judicial circuit in 1856; served in the army of the Union during the rebellion with the rank of captain; at the close of the war moved to Lexington, Mo., and entered the practice of the law; editor and proprietor of the Lexington Regis- ter; nominee of the Republicans of the Eleventh Missouri district for Congress in 1872 and 1876; returned to Valparaiso, Ind., in 1877, and resumed the practice of his profession; elected as a Republi- can to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881- March 3, 1883) ; member of the state senate 1886- 1890; in 1890 became dean of the Northern Indiana law school; died in Valparaiso, Ind., September 23,1908. /.'; Denby, Edwin, a Representative from Michi- gan; born in Evansville, Ind., February 18, 1870; attended the public schools and was graduated from the University of Michigan; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Detroit; ten years in the customs service of China under Sir Robert Hart, while his father, Charles Denby, was United States minister to China; representative in the Michigan legislature of 1903; served as gunner's mate, third class, United States navy, on the Yosemite, in the war with Spain; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); re- sumed the practice of law in Detroit. Denison, Charles, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Wyoming Valley, Pa., January 23, 1816; was' graduated from Dickinson college in 1829; studied law, admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Wilkes-Barre; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and For- tieth Congresses, and served from December 7, 1863, until his death in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., June 27, 1827. Denison, Dudley Chase, a Representative from Vermont; born in Royalton, Vt., September 13, 1819; was graduated from the University of Vermont in 1840; studied law, and in 1844 was ad- mitted to the bar; member of the state senate of Vermont 1853-1854, served in the state house of rep- resentatives 1861-1863; state attorney 1858-1860; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); died in Royalton, Vt., February 10, 1905. Dennis, George Robertson, a Senator from Maryland; born in White Haven, Somerset county, Md., April 8, 1822; was graduated from the poly- technic institute of Troy, N. Y., and then en- tered the University of Virginia; studied medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, and was grad- uated from that institution in 1842; delegate from the state at large to the Whig national convention in Philadelphia in 1856, and also to the Democratic national convention in New York in 1868; elected to the Maryland state senate in 1854 and to the house of delegates in 1867 and again to the senate in 1871, elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1873, until March 3, 1879; died in Kingston, Md., August 13, 1882. Dennis, John, a Representative from Maryland; born in "Beverly," Worcester county, Md., De- cember 17, 1771; completed preparatory studies in Washington academy; entered Yale, but was not graduated; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1793 and practiced in Somerset county; served two terms in the state house of representatives; elected to the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1805); died in Philadelphia, Pa., August 17, 1807. Dennis, John, a Representative from Maryland; born in Beckford, Somerset county, Md., in 3807; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the state house of representatives; elected to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); delegate to the state constitutional conven- tion in 1850; died in his rural home near Princess Anne, Md., November 1, 1859. Dennis, Littleton Purnell, a Representative from Maryland; born in "Beverly," Worcester county, Md., July 21, 1786; was graduated from Yale college in 1803; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served several terms in the Maryland state legislature; presidential elector in 1800, 1812, 1816, 1824, and 1828; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress and served from March 4, 1833, until his death in Washington, D. C., April 14, 1834. Dennison, George, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Luzerne county, Pa., July 22, 1790; pursued an academic course; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served several years as a member of the state legislature; recorder of Luzerne county; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1823); died in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., Au- gust 21, 1831. Denny, Arthur Armstrong, a Delegate from Washington territory; born in Salem, Ind., June 20, 1822; moved with his parents to Illinois in 1834; attended the public schools; surveyor of Knox county 1843-1851; moved to Puget Sound in 1851; member of the Washington territorial legislature 1853-1861; register of the land office in Olympia 1861-1865; elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress and served from December 4, 1865, to March 3, 1867; died in Seattle, Wash., January 9, 1899. Denny, Harmar, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Pittsburgh, Pa., May 13, 1794; was graduated from Dickinson college in 1813; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served one term in the state legislature; elected as an Anti-Mason to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); reelected as a Whig to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1837); died in Pittsburgh, Pa., January 29, 1852. Denny, James W., a Representative from Mary- land; born in the A^alley of Virginia November 20, 1840; attended the academy of Rev. William Johnson, in Berry ville; three years at the Uni- versity of Virginia; principal of Osage seminary, Osceola, St. Glair county, Mo.; returned to his native state, where he enlisted in company A, thirty-ninth Virginia battalion of cavalry, in which he served until, in 1863, he was detailed for service at Gen. R. E. Lee's headquarters, where he continued until the surrender at Ap- pomattox Court-House; returned to his home in BIOGKAPHIES. 603 Clarke county and began the study of law in Winchester; after graduation and admission to the bar, in 1868, moved to Baltimore and began prac- tice; elected to the first branch of the city council in 1881 and reelected in 1882 and became its presi- dent; member of the house of delegates of Mary- land in 1888; colonel on the staff of Gov. E. E. Jackson; member of the Baltimore school board for several years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905); was defeated for the Fifty- seventh Congress ; resumed the practice of law in Baltimore, Md. Denny, Walter McKennon, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Moss Point, Jackson county, Miss., October 28-, 1853; attended the common schools and Roanoke (Va.) college, and in 1874 was graduated from the law department of the University of Mississippi; in November, 1883, elected clerk of the circuit and chancery courts of Jackson county, Miss.; reelected in 1887 and 1891; resigned January 1, 1895; delegate from Jackson county to the state constitutional convention in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897). Denoyelles, Peter, a Representative from New York; born in Haverstraw, Rockland county, N. Y., in 1766; completed a preparatory course; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1802 and 1803; held several local offices; elected to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); died in Haverstraw, N. Y., May 6, 1829. Denson, William Henry, a Representative from Alabama; born in lichee, Russell county, Ala., March 4, 1846; left the University of Ala- bama in 1863 to join the Confederate army; worked on his father's farm and read law; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Union Springs in 1868; moved to Lafayette, Chambers county, Ala., in October, 1870; elected a member of the lower house of the general assembly in 1876; moved to Gadsden, Etowah county, in 1877; Cleveland elector in 1884, and appointed United States district attorney for the northern and middle districts of Alabama by President Cleveland; chairman of the Democratic state convention in 3890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); moved to Birmingham, Ala., where he practiced law; died in Birmingham, Ala., September 26, 1906. Dent, George, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Charles county, Md., about 1760; pursued classical studies; held several local offices; was first lieutenant in Captain Thomas Hanson's company in Charles county in 1776, and served as private in the first regiment Maryland line from May 25, 1778, until his discharge on April 3, 1779; elected as a Democrat to the Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1801); elected Speaker pro tempore April 20, 1798 (during the illness of Speaker Dayton), and served two days; appointed United States marshal for the Potomac district by President Jefferson in 1801; died in St. Marys county, Md., October 15, 1842. Dent, Stanley Hurbert, jr., a Representative from Alabama; born in Eufaula, Ala., August 16, 1869; was graduated from the Southern university, of Greensboro, Ala., in 1886, and in 1889 was grad- uated in law from the University of Virginia; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Montgomery, Ala., 1889-1909; appointed prosecuting attorney for Montgomery county; was elected to the office, and served 1902-1909; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3. 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Dent, William B. W., a Representative from Georgia; born in Maryland; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Newnan, Ga.; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853- March 3, 1855); died in Newnan, Ga., September 9, 1855. Denver, James Wilson, a Representative from California; born in Winchester, Va., May 28, 1817; attended the public schools; moved to Missouri in 1841 and taught school; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar; served as a captain in the war with Mexico; Moved to California in 1850; ap- pointed secretary of state; elected as an anti- Broderick Democrat to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); appointed com- missioner of Indian affairs April 17, 1857; resigned to become governor of Kansas June 17, 1858, and reappointed November 8, 1858; served until March 13, 1859; entered the Union army in 1861; commissioned brigadier general August 14, 1861; resigned position in the army March 5, 1863; practiced his profession in Washington, D. C., and Wilmington, Ohio; died in Washington, D. C., August 9, 1892. Denver, Matthew Rpmbach, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Wilmington, Ohio, Decem- ber 21, 1870; attended the public schools and Georgetown (D. C.) university; farmer, banker, and manufacturer; elected as a Democrat to the Six- tieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Depew, Chauncey Mitchell, a Senator from New York; born in Peekskill, N. Y., April 23, 1834; was graduated from Yale college in 1856; read law and was admitted to the bar in 1858; began prac- tice the following year; elected to the assembly in 1861, and reelected in 1862; secretary of state in 1863; refused a renomination ; appointed minister to Japan and confirmed by the Senate, but de- clined; appointed attorney for the New York and Harlem railroad company in 1866; identified with the Vanderbilt system of railroads as general coun- sel; became president of the New York Central and Hudson River railroad in 1885; resigned in 1899 to become chairman of the board of directors of the Vanderbilt system; appointed county clerk of Westchester county by Gov. Fenton in 1867 and resigned; elected immigration commissioner in 1870, but declined; boundary commissioner in 1875; candidate for lieutenant governor on the Liberal Republican or Greeley ticket in 1872; elected regent of the state university and ap- pointed one of the commissioners to build the state capitol in 1874; unsuccessful candidate for United States Senator in 1881, to succeed Thomas C. Platt; candidate for the presidential nomination in the Republican national conven- tion in Chicago in 1888, and received 99 votes; delegate at large to the Republican national con- vention of 1892, 1896, and 1900; orator on the un- veiling of the Statue of Liberty in New York Har- bor, and on several other notable occasions; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; was 604 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. reelected, and served from March 4, 1899, to March 3, 1911; resumed legal and corporate business in New York City. De Saussure, William Ford, a Senator from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., in 1792; was graduated from Harvard college in 1810; studied law and was admitted to the bar and prac- ticed in Charleston; was a member of the state legis- lature for several terms; appointed and subse- quently elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of B. Barnwell Rhett, and served from May 10, 1852, to March 3, 1853; died in Charleston, S. C., in 1870. Desha, Joseph, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Pennsylvania, December 9, 1768; moved to Kentucky in 1781' served in the Indian wars; member of the state legislature; elected to the Tenth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1815); governor of Ken- tucky 1824-1828; died in Georgetown, Ky., Octo- ber 11, 1842. Desha, Robert, a Representative from Ten- nessee; native of Pennsylvania; while quite young immigrated to Tennessee; attended public schools; served as captain and brigade major in the war of 1812; elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831); died in Mobile, Ala., February 8, 1849. Deuster, Peter Victor, a Representative from Wisconsin; born near Aix la Chapelle, in Rhenish Prussia, Germany, February 13, 1831; pursued an academic course; emigrated with his parents to the United States in May, 1847, and located in Milwaukee, Wis.; entered a printing office; pub- lished and edited the first literary paper in Mil- waukee, and in 1856 became editor of the Mil- waukee See-Bote, a daily Democratic paper; elected to the lower house of the state legislature in 1862, and member of the state senate in 1870 and 1871; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1885); died in Milwaukee, Wis., December 31, 1904. De Vries, Marion, a Representative from Cali- fornia; born near Woodbridge, San Joaquin county, Cal., August 15, 1865; attended the public schools; was graduated from San Joaquin Valley college in Woodbridge in 1886, and from the law department of the University of Michigan in 1888 ; was admitted to the bar and practiced in Michigan in 1887 and in California the same year; commenced practice in Stockton, Cal., January 1, 1889; assistant district at- torney for San Joaquin county from January, 1893, to February, 1897; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1897, to August 19, 1900, when he re- signed to accept a place on the Board of General Appraisers in New York City: resigned from the Board of General Appraisers, April, 1910, and was appointed associate judge United States court of customs appeals, which position he now holds. Dwart, Lewis, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Sunbury, Pa., November 14, 1780; attended the common schools; postmaster at Sun- bury, 1805^-1816; elected to the state house of representatives, 1812-1818; member of the state senate in 1832; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty vsecond Congress (March 4, 1831- March 3, 1833); reelected to the state house of representatives in 1837 and 1839 and served aa speaker in 1837; chief burgess of Sunbury, 1837; died in Sunbury, Pa., May 12, 1852. Dewart, William Lewis, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born- in Sunbury, Pa., June 21, 1821; attended the common schools; was graduated from Dickinson college; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1850; chief burgess of Sun- bury in 1847; president of school board; delegate to the Democratic national conventions of 1852 1856, 1860, and 1884; defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); defeated for reelection; died in Sunbury, Pa., April 19, 1888. Deweese, John T., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Crawford county, Ark., June 4, 1835; studied law and was admitted to the bar; entered the Union army in 1861; resigned his position as lieutenant in the army and appointed register in bankruptcy for North Carolina; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, and served from July 6, 1868, to Feb- ruary 28, 1870, when he resigned. Dewey, Daniel, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Sheffield, Mass., January 29, 1766; attended Yale college; studied law and vras ad- mitted to the bar; treasurer of Williams college 1798-1814; member of the governor's council 1809- 1812; elected to the Thirteenth Congress, and served from May 24, 1813, to February 24, 1814, when he resigned; appointed by Gov. Strong a judge of the supreme court of Massachusetts in 1814, and served until his death in Williamstown, Pa., May 26, 1815. De Witt, Alexander, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in New Braintree, Mass., April 2, 1798; pursued an academic course; became a manufacturer and erected a spinning mill in Oxford; member of the state house of representa- tives 1830-1836; state senator 1842, 1844, 1850, and 1851; member of the constitutional convention of 1853; elected as a Native American to the Thirty- third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853- March 3, 1857); defeated for reelection; died in Oxford, Mass., January 13, 1879. De Witt, Charles, a Delegate from New York; born in Kingston, N. Y., in 1728; pursued classical studies; member of the colonial assembly 1768-1776; delegate to the provisional convention of 1775; member of the provisional congress 1776-1777 ; of the constitutional committee 1776; of the committee of safety 1777; elected to the Continential Con- gress from February to October, 1784; member of the state assembly from July, 1781 to July, 1785 r and again in 1788; died in Kingston N. Y., Septem- ber 12, 1788. De Witt, Charles G., a Representative from New York; born in Newburgh/ N. Y., in 1802; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); appointed chargS d'affaires to Central America January 29, 1833; returned home in February, 1839, and died in his home in Newburgh, N. Y., April 13, 1839. De Witt, David Miller, a Representative from New York; born in Paterson, N. J., November 25, 1837 ; completed preparatory studies ; was graduated from Rutgers college, New Brunswick, June, 1858; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1858; elected district attorney of Ulster county in 1862 and in 1865; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- BIOGRAPHIES. 605 third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); member of state assembly in 1883; surrogate of Ulster county from November 20, 1885 to Decem- ber 31, 1886; De Witt, Francis B., a Representative from Ohio; born in Jackson county, Ind., March 11, 1849; moved with his parents in 1854 to a farm in Dela- ware county, Ohio; enlisted in the Forty-sixth Ohio regiment at the age of twelve and served at the battle of Shiloh and during the Corinth campaign; mustered out for temporary disability, and reen- listed in 18G2, in the one hundred and twenty-first Ohio regiment, served until the close of the war; prisoner of war at Salisbury, Danville, and Libby; attended the common school, the high school in Galena, Ohio, the" National normal school in Lebanon, Ohio, and the Ohio Wesleyan university in Delaware; taught school for five terms; admitted to practice law in 1875, and followed his profession in Paulding until 1891; moved to his farm; elected on the Republican ticket in 1891 to represent Paulding county in the state legislature; reelected in 1893, from which position he resigned on March 4, 1895; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897). De Witt, Jacob H., a Representative from New York; born in Ulster county, N. Y., in 1784; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); member of the state house of representatives in 1839 and again in 1847 ; died in Kingston, N. Y., January 30, 1857. De Wolf, James, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Bristol, R. I., March 18, 1764; was engaged in extensive commercial ventures principally with Cuba and other West India islands; member of the Rhode Island assembly for twenty-one years; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1821, to October 25, 1825, when he resigned; died in New York City, December 21, 1837. Dexter, jr., Samuel, a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Massachusetts May 14, 1761; was graduated from Harvard college in 1781; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representatives 1788- 1790; elected as a Federalist to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1799, until he resigned in May 30, 1800; appointed Secretary of War by President Adams May 13, 1800; and Secretary of the Treasury December 31, 1800; declined the mission to Spain offered him by President Madison; died in Athens, N. Y., May 3, 1816; interment in Boston, Mass. Dezendorf , John Frederick, a Representative from Virginia; born in Lansingburg, N. Y., August 10, 1834; pursued an academic course; learned the carpenter's trade; studied architecture, surveying, and civil engineering; engaged on railroad and other buildings at Toledo and Cleveland, Ohio, 1850-1860; mercantile pursuits 1860-1862; moved to Norfolk, Va., in 1863, and engaged in the ship- ping business until 1866; city and county surveyor of Norfolk city and county 1866-1869; assistant assessor of the United States internal revenue 1869-1871; appraiser of merchandise at the Norfolk customhouse 1872-1877; delegate to the national Republican convention in Cincinnati in 1876; de- feated as the Republican candidate for Congress in 1878 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); died in Norfolk, Va., June 22, 1894. Dibble, Samuel, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., September 16, 1837; pursued an academic course in Bethel, Conn., and Charleston; entered the College of Charleston in 1853, and was graduated from Wofford college, Spartanburg, S. C., in 1856; engaged in teaching; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1859, and commenced practice in Orangeburg, S. C.; volunteered at the beginning of the Civil war as a private in the Confederate army, and served until its close in the first and twenty-first regiments of South Carolina volunteers and attained the rank of first lieutenant; resumed the practice of law in Orangeburg, S. C.; elected a member of the state house of representatives in 1877; trustee of the University of South Carolina in 1878; chairman of executive committee of South Carolina agricul- tural college and mechanics' institute for colored students (a branch of the state university) ; pre- sented credentials as a Democrat to the Forty -sev- enth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Michael P. O'Connor, but Mr. O'Connor's claim to an election having been successfully con- tested by Edmund W. M. Mackey, the seat was given the latter on May 31, 1882; elected to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1891). Dibrell, George Gibbs, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Sparta, White county, Tenn., April 12, 1822; attended the common schools and East Tennessee university; engaged in farming; was county court clerk of White county, Tenn., for sixteen years; member of the legislature of Ten- nessee; member of the state convention that framed a constitution; held several local offices; volun- teered in the Confederate army as a private, and promoted to brigadier general; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-fourth, and to the four succeed- ing Congresses (March 4, 1875-March3, 1885); died in Sparta, White county, Tenn., May 9, 1888. Dick, Charles William Frederick, a Repre- sentative and a Senator from Ohio; born in Akron, Ohio, November 3, 1858; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar; practiced in Akron; served in the eighth Ohio volunteer infantry in Cuba in the war with Spain; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty- eighth Congresses (March 4, 1897; served until his resignation March 23, 1904); elected March 1, 1904, to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Marcus A. Hanna; reelected in 1905, and served from March 23, 1904 to March 3, 1911. Dick, John, a Representative from Pennsylva- nia; born in Pittsburgh, Pa., June 17, 1794; at- tended the common schools; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress, and as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859); died in Meadville, Pa., May 29, 1872. Dick, Samuel, a Delegate from New Jersey; na- tive of New Jersey; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine ; Delegate in the Continental Con- gress in 1783-1784; died in New Jersey in Novem- ber, 1812. Dick, Samuel Bernard, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Meadville, Pa., October 26, 1836; attended Allegheny college, Meadville, Pa.; engaged in banking; enlisted and commanded com- pany F, ninth regiment Pennsylvania reserve corpp; severely wounded in Dranesvillo, Va., De- 606 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOKY. cember 20, 1861; subsequently served as colonel of the regiment to February, 1863, when he resigned; in July, 1873, commanded brigade of Pennsylvania state militia in West Virginia; Presidential elec- tor in 1864; mayor of Meadville in 1870; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); president of the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie railroad company until April, 1900; died in Meadville, Pa., May 10, 1907. Dickens, Samuel, a Representative from North Carolina; born in North Carolina; pursued an aca- demic course; elected to the Fourteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Richard Stanford, and served from December 2, 1816, to March 3, 1817. Dickerman, Charles Heber, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Harford, Susquehanna county, Pa., February 3, 1843; attended the public schools of his native village and Harford university; taught school several years; three years Democratic chairman of Northumberland county, and a dele- gate to the national Democratic convention of 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905). Dickerson, Mahlon, a Senator from New Jer- sey; born in Hanover, N. J., April 17, 1770; was graduated from Princeton college in 1789; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1793; located in Philadelphia, Pa., and admitted to practice in the Pennsylvania courts in 1797 ; held several mu- nicipal offices; state commissioner of bankruptcy in 1802; adjutant general 1805-1808; recorder of the city 1808-1810; removed to Morris county, N. J., in 1810; representative in state legislature 1812- 1813; a justice of the state supreme court 1813-1814; fovernor 1815-1817; elected to the United States enate, reelected in 1823; served from March 4, 1817, to January 30, 1829, when he resigned; imme- diately reelected, to fill vacancy caused by the re- signation of Ephraim Bateman, and served under this election from January 30, 1829, to March 3, 1833*; declined the mission to Russia in 1834; Secre- tary of the Navy under President Jackson and reap- pointed by President Van Buren; served from June 30, 1834, to June 25, 1838; United States district judge, district of New Jersey; delegate to the state constitutional convention of ] 844 ; died in Succa- sunna, Morris county, N. J., October 5, 1853. Dickerson, Philemon, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Succasunna, Morris county, N. J.,in 1788; pursued classical studies; attended the University of Pennsylvania ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1813, and began practice in Paterson, N. J., in 1813; member of the assembly from Essex county in 1821 and 1822; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- third and Twenty-fourth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1833, until November 3, 1836, when he resigned, having been elected governor of New Jersey; elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); appointed judge of the United States dis- trict court for the district of New Jersey; died in Paterson, N. J., December 10, 1862. Dickerson, William Worth, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Grant county, Ky., No- vember 29, 1851; attended the public schools and the private school of N. M. Lloyd, in Crittenden, Ky. ; read law and was admitted to the bar in 1872; elected county attorney in August, 1874, for a term of four years; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in December, 1885; member of the state senate, 1887-1891; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first Congress June 21, 1890, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John G. Carlisle, re- elected to the Fifty-second Congress and served from June 30, 1890 until March 3, 1893; resumed the practiced of law in Cincinnati, Ohio. Dickey, Henry L.., a Representative from Ohio; born in South Salem, Ross county, Ohio, October 29, 1832; attended Greenfield academy; pursued the vocation of a civil engineer, and in that ca- pacity had charge of the construction of the Mari- etta and Cincinnati railroad in Vinton county, Ohio; resigned in 1855; studied law and was admit- ted to the bar; attended the Cincinnati law school and was graduated in 1859; elected in 1860 to the general assembly of Ohio, and in 1867 to the state senate ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); resumed the practice of law in Greenfield, Ohio. Dickey, Jesse C., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Chester county, Pa.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1829- March 3, 1831). Dickey, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Greensburg, Westmoreland county, Pa., June 23, 1794; completed preparatory studies; appointed postmaster of Old Brighton April 11, 1818; served as sheriff 1824-1827; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1845); reelected to the Thirtieth Con- gress (March 4, ]847-March 3, 1849); was senator in the state legislature 1835 and 1837 ; appointed U"nited States marshal for the western district of Pennsylvania in 1852; died in Beaver, Pa., March 14, 1853. Dickey, Oliver James, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Old Brighton, Pa., April 6, 1823; completed preparatory studies; attended Pennsylvania college; studied law and was admit- ted to the bar in 1844; district attorney for Lan- caster county, 1856-1859; elected to the Fortieth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Thaddeus Stevens; reelected as a Republican to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses, and served from December 7, 1868 to March 3, 1873; died in Lancaster, Pa., April 21, 1876. Dickinson, Clement Cabell, a Representative from Missouri; born December 6, 1849, in Prince Edward county, Va.; was graduated from Hamp- den Sidney college, Virginia, in June, 1869; taught school in Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri; located in Clinton, Mo., in September, 1872; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1875; elected prosecuting attorney of Henry county, Mo., in 1876, and served three terms of two years each; was Democratic presidential elector in 1896; elected to the state house of representatives in 1900, and served one term of two years; was elected to the state senate in 1902, and served one term of four years; appointed a member of the board of regents of the state normal school at Warrensburg, Mo., in 1907, for a term of six years; was elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of David A. De Armond, and served from February 7, 1910, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Dickinson, Daniel Stevens, a Senator from New York; born in Goshen, Conn., September 11, 1800; moved with his parents to Chenango county, BIOGRAPHIES. 607 N. Y., in 1806; attended the public schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1826; began practice in Binghamton, N. Y., in 1831; state sen- ator, 1837-1840; lieutenant governor, president of the senate, and president of the court of errors, 1842-1844; delegate to the national Democratic convention and a presidential elector on the Polk ticket in 1844; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, and afterwards elected and served from November 30, 1844, to March 3, 1851; delegate to the national Democratic convention of 1852; elected attorney general of the state in 1861; delegate to the Repub- lican national convention of 1864; United States district attorney for the southern district of New York; died in New York City April 12, 1866. Dickinson, David W., a Representative from Tennessee; born in Franklin, Tenn., in 1807; com- pleted preparatory studies; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833- March 3, 1835); elected as a Whig to the Twenty- eighth Congress; prevented on account of his failing health from attending the last session; died near Murfreesboro, Tenn., April 27, 1845. Dickinson, Edward, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Amherst, Mass., January 1, 1803; was graduated from Yale college in 1823; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1826; began practice in Amherst; treasurer of Amherst college several years; member of the state house of representatives in 1839, and of the state senate 1842-1843, and of the governor's council 1846-1847; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); again a member of the state house of representatives in 1873; died in Boston, Mass., June 16, 1874. Dickinson, Edward Fenwick, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Fremont, Ohio, January 21, 1829; completed preparatory studies; was graduated from the St. Xavier college, Cincinnati, Ohio; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practicing in Fremont, Ohio; served in the Union army for over three years as lieutenant quarter- master of the eighth Ohio infantry; prosecuting attorney for Sandusky county, Onio, 1852 and 1854; elected judge of the Sandusky county pro- bate court in 1866; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); died in Fremont, Sandusky county, Ohio, August 25, 1891. Dickinson, John, a Delegate from Delaware and Pennsylvania; born in Talbot county, Md., Novem- ber 8, 1732; completed preparatory studies; studied law in Philadelphia and at the Temple in London; admitted to the bar and began practice in Philadel- phia; member of the Pennsylvania assembly in 1764; Delegate to the Colonial Congress in 1765, elected from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress in 1774-1776 and from Delaware in 1779- 1780; brigadier general of Pennsylvania militia; president of the state of Delaware 1781;- re turned to Philadelphia and in 1782-1785 president of Penn- sylvania; died in Wilmington, Del., February 14, 1808. Dickinson, John D., a Representative from New York; born in Middlesex county, Conn., in 1767; was graduated from Yale college in 1785; studied law, and after being admitted to the bar began practice in Troy, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives in 1817; elected as a Federalist to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-;March 3, 1823); reelected as a Whig to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses; (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831); died in Troy, N. Y., January 28, 1841. Dickinson, Philemon, a Delegate from Dele- ware and a Senator from New Jersey; born in "Crosiadore," near Reeds Creek, Talbot county, Md., April 5, 1739; completed preparatory studies; attended the University of Pennsylvania; studied law and was admitted to the bar; studied medicine and began practice in Trenton; served in the army of the Revolution, commanding the New Jersey militia, and was commissioned brigadier general; delegate to the New Jersey provincial congress in 1776; elected a Delegate to the Continental Con- gress, 1781; major general and commander in chief New Jersey troops in 1777; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of William Patterson and served from November 23, 1790, to March 3, 1793; died in the "Hermitage," near Trenton, N. J., February 9, 1809. Dickinson, Budolphus, a Representative from Ohio; born in Hatfjeld, Mass., December 28, 1797; attended the public schools; was graduated from Williams college; studied law and was admitted to the bar; appointed first prosecuting attorney of Seneca county; moved to Lower Sandusky, Ohio; member of the board of public works of Ohio 1836- 1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1847, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 12, 1849. Dickson, David, a Representative from Miss- issippi; a resident of Jackson, Miss.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1835, until his death in 1836. Dickson, Frank Stoddard, a Representative from Illinois; born in Hillsboro, 111., October 6, 1876; lawyer; was graduated from the grammar school and entered the high school in Decatur, 111., graduating from that institution in the classics in 1896; served in the fourth Illinois volunteer infan- try in the war with Spain ; elected to the Fifty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907); appointed assistant adjutant general of Illinois" in 1908; adjutant general of Illinois January 1, 1910, serving in that capacity at present. Dickson, John, a Representative from New York; born in Keene, N. H., June 1, 1783; was grad- uated from Middlebury college in 1808; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1812; began practice in West Bloomfield, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives in 1829-1830; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-second and Twentv-third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835); died in West Bloomfield, N. Y., February 22, 1852. Dickson, Joseph, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Chester county, Pa., in April, 1745; was elected a member of the North Carolina house of commons in 1775; and the following year was commissioned captain in the colonial army. He served under Col. McDowell in 1780, and at the battle of King's Mountain as major of the "Lincoln County Men" rendered heroic service; in 1781 he opposed Lord Cornwallis's invasion of the state, and for brave and efficient conduct was promoted 608 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. colonel and retired at the end of the war with the rank of general; state senator 1788-1795, and during this time was appointed one of a commission to establish the University of North Carolina; elected to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799- March 3, 1801); and when the election of President of the United States devolved upon the House of Representatives his vote helped elect Thomas Jefferson over Aaron Burr by one majority; he died in Fayetteville, Tenn., in 1825. Dickson, Samuel, a Representative from New York; born in Onondaga county, N. Y., March 3, 1807; completed preparatory studies; studied medi- cine and practiced in New Scotland, N. Y.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); died in New Scot- land, N. Y., May 3, 1858. Dickson, William, a Representative from Tennessee; born in North Carolina; moved with his parents to Tennessee in 1795; attended the common schools; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; studied medicine and practiced in Nash- ville for many years; member of the state house of representatives from 1799-1803; and served as speaker; elected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1807); died in Nashville, Tenn., in February, 1816. Dickson, William Alexander, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Centerville, Wilkinson county, Mo., July 20, 1861; attended private and public schools, Pleasant Grove school, Centenary college, Jackson, La., and Vanderbilt university; engaged in farming; read law under Chief Justice H. F. Simrall, but did not practice; supervisor 1886-1888; representative in the state legislature 1887-1893; school commissioner of Wilkinson county; presidential elector on the Parker and Davis ticket in 1904; trustee of the Agricultural and Mechanical college, Starkville, Miss., and of the Edward Magehee college, Woodville, Miss., for five years; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Diekema, Gerritt John, a Representative from Michigan; born in Holland, Mich., March 27, 1859; was graduated from Hope college in 1881 and from the law department of the University of Michigan in 1883; mayor, city attorney, and member of the legislature four consecutive terms, beginning in 1885; at the session of 1889 chosen speaker of the house of representatives; was chairman of the Michigan Republican state central committee in five campaigns; delegate to the national convention in 1896; member of the Spanish Treaty Claims Commission, which position he resigned to make the race for Congress; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress April 27, 1907, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Alden Smith; reelected to the Sixty-first Congress and served from December 2, 1907, to March 3, 1911; resumed the practice of law in Holland, Mich. Dies, Martin, a Representative from Texas; born in Jackson parish, La., March 13, 1870; moved with his parents to Texas in 1876; attended the common schools; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in ; county judge of Tyler county in 1894; district attorney of the first judi- cial district of Texas in 1898; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Dietrich, Charles Henry, a Senator from Nebraska; born in Aurora, 111., November 26, 1853; moved to Dead wood, S. Dak., in the winter of 1875-1876; located in Hastings, Nebr., in' 1878; en- gaged in mercantile business; organized the Ger- man National bank in 1887, and became its president; elected governor in 1900; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Monroe L. Hay- ward and served from March 28, 1901, to March 3, 1905; reengaged in business in Hastings, Nebr. DUlingham, Paul, jr., a Representative from Vermont; born in Shutesbury, Mass., August 6, 1800; moved with his father to Waterbury, Vt., 1805; pursued an academic course; studied law and in 1824 was admitted to the bar; began prac- tice in Waterbury, Vt.; justice of the peace 1826- 1844; town clerk of Waterbury 1829-1844; prose- cuting attorney for Washington county 1835-1838; ' delegate to the state constitutional convention 1836-1837 ; member of the state house of representa- tives 1836-1840, and of the state senate 1841 and 1842; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1845); during the Civil War he became lieutenant governor, and in 1866 governor of Ver- mont; resumed the practice of law until 80 years of age and died in his home in Waterbury, Vt., July 26, 1891. DUlingham, William Paul, a Senator from Vermont; born in Waterbury, Vt., December 12, 1843; pursued an academic course; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1867; state attor- ney for Washington county two terms; commis- sioner of state taxes for several years; member of the Vermont house of representatives in 1876 and again in 1884; state senator from Washington county in 1878 and again in 1880; governor of Ver- mont from 1888 to 1890; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Justin S. Morrill and took his seat December 3, 1900; reelected for the term expiring March 4, 1915. Dimmick, Milo Melankthon, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Milford, Pike county, Pa., October 12, 1812; pursued classical studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Stroudsburg, Pa.; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); resumed the practice of law; defeated for president judge of the twenty-second judicial circuit of Pennsyl- vania in 1853; died in Mauch Chunk, Pa., Novem- ber 22, 1872. Dimmick, William Harrison, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Milford, Pa., Decem- ber 20, 1815; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Honesdale, Pa.; prosecuting attorney for Wayne county 1836-37; member of the state senate 1845, 1846, and 1847; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); died in Honesdale, Pa., August 2, 1861. Dimock, Davis, jr., a Representative from Pennsylvania; native of Susquehanna county, Pa.; elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress and served from May 31, 1841, untilhis death, in Montrose, Pa., January 13, 1842. BIOGKAPHIES. 609 Dingley, Nelson, jr., a Representative from Maine; born in Durham, Androscoggin county, Me., February 15, 1832, was graduated from Dart- mouth college in 1855; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar, but left the profession to become proprietor and editor of the Lewiston (Me.) Journal in 1856; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1862-1865, 1868, and 1873; speaker of the house in 1863 and 1864 ; governor of Maine in 1874 and 1875; delegate to the national Republican con- vention in 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress at a special election Sep- tember 12, 1881, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William P. Frye; reelected to the Forty-eighth, and to the eight succeeding Con- gresses, and served from December 5, 1881, until his death; chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means during the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses; died in Washington, D. C., January 13, 1899. Dinsmoor, Samuel, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Windham, N. H., July 1, 1766; pursued classical studies; was graduated from Harvard college in 1789; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar; began practice in Keene, N. H. ; elected as a War Democrat to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); defeated for reelec- tion to the Thirteenth Congress; state councilor in 1821; presidential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1821; defeated as a candidate for governor; judge of probate of Cheshire county 1823-1831; member of the boundary commission which estab- lished the line between New Hampshire and Mas- sachusetts in 1825; governor of New Hampshire 1831-1833; died in Keene, N. H., March 15, 1834. Dinsmore, Hugh Anderson, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Benton county, Ark., December 24, 1850; attended private schools of Benton and Washington counties; studied law in Bentonville; appointed clerk of the circuit court for Benton county in April, 1873; was admitted to the bar; moved to Fayetteville in April, 1875, and engaged in practice; in September, 1878, elected prosecuting attorney of the fourth judicial district; reelected in 1880 and 1882; presidential elector in 1884 on the Democratic ticket; in January, 1887, appointed by President Cleveland minister resi- dent and consul general to the Kingdom of Korea and served until May 25, 1890; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Fifty-third and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1905). After retirement from Congress resumed the practice of law in Washington county, Ark. Disney, David Tiernan, a Representative from Ohio; born in Baltimore, Md., August 25, 1803; attended the common schools; moved with his parents to Ohio in 1807; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Cincinnati; member of the state house of representatives for several years, and served as speaker three years; took an active part in the Mexican war; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Thirty -first, Thirty-second, and Thirty- third Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1855); tendered a mission to Spain by President Buchanan but declined; died in Washington, D. C., March 14, 1857. Diven, Alexander Samuel, a Representative from New York; born in Catharine, N. Y., Feb- ruary 10, 1809; attended the common schools and the academies in Penn Yan and Ovid, N. Y.; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1833; began practice in Elmira; member of the state 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 39 senate in 1858; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); served in the Civil war and was commis- sioned brigadier general by brevet; prominently identified with the Erie railroad; died in Elmira, N. Y., June 11, 1896. Dix, John Adams, a Senator from New York; born in Boscawen, N. H., July 24, 1798; completed preparatory studies; served through the War of 1812; studied law, and after having made a Euro- pean tour, was admitted to the bar and began prac- tice in Cooperstown, N. Y.; adjutant general of New York 1831-1833; secretary of the Democratic national convention in Baltimore in 1828; secretary of state of New York 1833-1839; regent of the uni- versity, member of the council, and canal commis- sioner; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1842; Free-soil candidate for governor in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Silas Wright, jr., and served from January 18, 1845, to March 3, 1849; appointed postmaster of the city of New York in 1860; Secretary of the Treasury January 11, 1861, to March 3, 1861; served in the Union army as major general 1861- 1865; United States minister to France from Sep- tember 24, 1866, to May 23, 1869; governor of New York 1873-1875; defeated as the Republican candi- date for governor in 1874 and as the Republican candidate for mayor of New York City in 1876; president of the Erie railroad and also of the Union Pacific railroad; died in New York City April 21, 1879. Dixon, Archibald, a Senator from Kentucky; born in Caswell county, N. C., April 2, 1802; moved with his father to Henderson county, Ky., in 1805; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Hender- son, Ky . ; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1830 and 1841 and of the state senate in 1836; lieutenant governor in 1843; member of the state constitutional convention in 1849; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate to fill va- cancy caused by the death of Henry Clay, and served from September 1, 1852, until March 3, 1855; delegate to the Frankfort peace convention in 1863 ; died in Henderson, Ky., April 23, 1876. Dixon, James, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Enfield, Conn., August 5, 1814; was graduated from Williams college in 1834; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representatives 1837- 1838 and 1844; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1849); again elected to the state house of representatives in 1854; defeated as a candidate for the United States Senate; elected as a Repub- lican to the United States Senate in 1856; reelected and served from March 4, 1857, to March 3, 1869; defeated as a Democratic candidate for the United States Senate in 1868; defeated as a Democratic candidate for Representative to the Forty-first Congress; died in Hartford, Conn., March 27, 1873. Dixon, Joseph, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Green county, April 28, 1828; elected to the Fortv-first Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of David Heaton; took his seat December 5, 1870, and served until March 3, 1871. Dixon, Joseph Moore, a Representative and a Senator from Montana; born in Snow Camp, N. C., 610 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. July 31, 1867; attended Earlham college, Rich- mond, Ind., and was graduated from Guilford col- lege, North Carolina, May, 1889; was admitted to the bar December, 1892; moved to Missoula, Mont.; assistant prosecuting attorney, Missoula county 1893-1895; prosecuting attorney 1894-1897; mem- ber of the Montana legislature in 1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907); elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1907. Dixon, Lincoln, a Representative from Indiana; born in Vernon, Jennings county, Ind., February 9, 1860; attended the Vernon academy and was graduated from the Indiana state university in 1880; began the practice of law in North Vernon in 1882; was elected prosecuting attorney for the sixth judicial circuit in 1884; reelected in 1886, 1888, and 1890; member of the Democratic state committee from 1897 until nominated for Congress in 1904; was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-ninth, Six- tieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- Dixon, Nathan Fellows, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Plainfield, Conn., December 13, 1774 ; was graduated from Brown university in 1799 ; studied law, and in 1802 was admitted to the bar; began practice in Westerly, R. I.; member of the general assembly 1813-1830; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1839, until his death in Washington, D. C., Janu- ary 29, 1842. Dixon, Nathan Fellows, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Westerly, R. I., May 1, 1812; pursued classical studies and was gradu- ated from Brown university; studied law in the Cambridge and New Haven law schools and was admitted to the bar in 1837; member of the general assembly of Rhode Island 1840-1849, 1851, 1852, 1855-^1863; appointed member of the governor's council in 1842; presidential elector in 1844; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty -eighth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1871); declined to be a candidate for reelection ; re- sumed the practice of law; again elected to the general assembly from 1872 to 1877; died in West- erly, R. I., April 11, 1881. Dixon, Nathan Fellows, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Westerly, R. I., August 28, 1847; fitted for college in Westerly and at Phillips academy, Andover; was graduated from Brown university in 1869; studied law with his father, Nathan F. Dixon, and at the Albany law school; was admitted to the bar in 1871, and practiced in New York, Rhode Island, and Con- necticut; appointed United States district attorney for the district of Rhode Island by President Grant in 1877 and reappointed in 1881; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jonathan Chace and served from February 12, 1885 to March 3, 1885; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jonathan Chace, and served from April 10, 1889, to March 3, 1895; died in Westerly, R. I., November 8, 1897. Dixon, William Wirt, a Representative from Montana; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., June 3, 1838; moved to Illinois in 1843 and went to Keokuk, Iowa, in 1849; read law in Keokuk, and was admit- ted to the bar in 1858; lived in Tennessee and Ar- kansas in 1860; went to California in 1862, and then to Humboldt county, Nev.; removed to Montana in 1866; and resided in Helena and Deer Lodge un- til 1879; spent two years in the Black Hills; re- turned to Montana in 1881 and settled in Butte; engaged in the practice of law; member of the leg- islative assembly of Montana Territory 1871-1872; member of the constitutional conventions of Mon- tana in 1871-1872; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); defeated for reelection in 1893; candidate for the United States Senate, but the legislature failed to elect; died in Los Angeles, Cal., Novem- ber 13, 1910. Doan, Robert Eachus, a Representative from Ohio; born in Clinton county, Ohio, July 23, 1834; attended the common schools and completed an academic course; taught school three years in southern Ohio, and studied law; was graduated from the Cincinnati law school April 15, 1857; was admitted to the bar; continued in practice in Wilmington ; editor of the Wilmington Watchman in 1859-1860; prosecuting attorney for Clinton county in 1862; held an important secret position under Abraham Lincoln connected with the Post Office Department during the war; elected a Garfield presidential elector in 1880; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1893). After retirement from Congress resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C. Doan, William, a Representative from Ohio; native of Maine; attended the common schools; moved to Ohio, where he held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843). Dobbin, James Cochrane, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Fayetteville, N. C., in 1814 ; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1832; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1835; began practice in Fayetteville; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); declined to be a candidate for reelection; member of the house of commons in 1848, 1850, and 1852, and in 1850 was speaker; delegate to the national Democratic con- vention in Baltimore in 1852; Secretary of the Navy under President Pierce from March 7, 1853, to March 6, 1857; died in Fayetteville, N. C., August 4, 1857. Dobbins, Samuel Atkinson, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Mount Holly, Burlington county, N. J., April 14, 1814; completed prepara- tory studies and engaged in farming; high sheriff of Burlington county 1854-1857; member of the state legislature 1859-1862; elected as a Republican to the Forty- third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); died in Mount Holly, N. J., May 21, 1886. Dockery, Alexander Monroe, a Representa- tive from Missouri; born in Livingston county, Mo., February 11, 1845; attended the common schools and Macon academy, Macon, Mo.; studied medicine, and was graduated from the St. Louis medical college in March, 1865; also attended lec- tures at Bellevue college, New York City, and Jef- ferson medical college, Philadelphia, during the winter of 1865-1866; practiced medicine in Chilli- cothe, Mo.; served as county physician of Livings- ton county; abandoned medicine in March, 1874, BIOGRAPHIES. 611 and moved to Gallatin, Mo., and assisted in organ- izing the Farmers' exchange bank, of which he was cashier; one of the curators of the University of Missouri from 1872 to 1882; 1870-1872 president of the board of education of Chillicothe, Mo.; chairman of the congressional committee of his district; member of the city council of Gallatin for the five years previous to April, 1883; served the last two years as mayor; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and to the seven succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1899); elected governor of Missouri in November, 1900, for the term of 1901-1905. Dockery, Alfred, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Richmond county, N. C., De- cember 11, 1797; planter; member of the North Carolina house of commons in 1822 and of the state senate 1836-1844; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); declined to be a candidate for reelection; elected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851- March 3, 1853); defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1854 ; died in his residence in Richmond county, N. C., December 7, 1875. Dockery, Oliver Hart, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Richmond county, N. C., August 12, 1830; completed preparatory studies, and in 1848 was graduated from the University of North Carolina; farmer; member of the state legis- lature 1858-1859; served a short time in the Con- federate service, but withdrew and took a bold stand for the reestablishment of the Federal gov- ernment; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); was United States consul general in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, South America, 1899-1903; died in Baltimore, Md., February 22, 1906. Dodd, Edward, a Representative from New York; was born in Salem, Washington county, N. Y., 1805; attended the public schools; became engaged in mercantile pursuits; clerk of Washing- ton county 1835-1844; delegate to the state con- stitutional convention in 1846; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); United States mar- shal for the northern district of New York from April, 1863, to April, 1869; died in Argyle, N. Y., March 1, 1891. Doddridge, Philip, a Representative from Vir- ginia; was born in Wellsbury, W. Va., May 17, 1773; reared on a farm; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1797; member of the house of delegates of Virginia 1815-1816, and again from 1822-1823; delegate to the Virginia constitutional convention in 1829 ; elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833) without opposition, serving until his death, which occurred in Washington, D. C., November 19, 1832. Dodds, Francis Henry, a Representative from Michigan; born in Louisville, St. Lawrence county N. Y., June 9, 1858; moved with his parents to Isabella county, Mich., in 1866; was graduated from Olivet college, Mich.; studied law in the University of Michigan, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Bay City, Mich., 1884-1886, and in Mount Pleasant, Mich, continuously since; served as city attorney of Mount Pleasant; member of the board of education; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911.) Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Dodds, Ozro T., a Representative from Ohio; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, March 22, 1840; attended city schools and Cincinnati college; in 1861 en- listed in the twentieth Ohio volunteers and was transferred to the eighth Ohio; became lieutenant colonel of the first Alabama cavalry; at the close of the war studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Cincinnati ; representative in the state legislature 1870-1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Aaron F. Perry, and served from December 2, 1872, until March 3, 1873; died in Columbus, Ohio, April 8, 1882. Dodge, Augustus Caesar, a Representative fromlowa; born in Sainte Genevieve, Mo., January 2, 1812; completed preparatory studies; moved to Burlington, Iowa, where he became register of the land office, 1838-1840; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1847); on the admission of Iowa as a state was elected to the United States Senate and served from December 7, 1848, until his resignation, Feb- ruary 8, 1855; minister to Spain from February 9, 1855, to March 12, 1859; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Chicago in 1864; elected mayor of Burlington on an independent ticket February 2, 1874; died in Burlington, Iowa, No- vember 20, 1883. Dodge, Grenville Mellen, a Representative from Iowa; born in Danvers, Mass., April 12, 1831; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated at the military university, Norwich, Vt.; studied civil engineering; chief engineer of the Union Pacific railroad; entered the Union army as a cap- tain and left the service as a major general; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4 r 1867-March 3, 1869); located in New York City, but still retains residence in Council Bluffs, Iowa; president of Society of Army of Tennessee;, president of New York Cpmmandery of Loyal Legion; president of commission to inquire into- the management of the war with Spain; exten- sively interested in western railroad building and management; vice president of the Grant Monu- ment Association. Dodge, Henry, a Delegate and a Senator from Wisconsin; born in Vincennes, Ind., October 12, 1782; received a limited schooling; emigrated to Missouri; served in the Black Hawk and other Indian wars; left the army as colonel of the first United States dragoons, July, 1836; governor of Wisconsin from July 4, 1836, to 1841; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty- eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845); again appointed governor of Wisconsin, February 6, 1846; elected to the United States Senate in 1848; reelected and served from June 8, 1848, to March 3, 1857; died in Burlington, Iowa, June 19, 1867. Dodge, William Earle, a Representative from New York; born in Hartford, Conn., September 4, 1805; completed preparatory studies; moved to New York in 1818; became a clerk in a store, and in 1826 commenced business on his own account; established the house of Phelps, Dodge & Co., of which he was the head for forty years; delegate to the peace convention of 1861; successfully con- tested the election of James Brooks to the Thirty- ninth Congress and served from April 6, 1866, until March 3, 1867; presidential elector in 1872; died in New York City, February 9, 1883. 612 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Doe, Nicholas B., a Representative from New York; native of New York; was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Anson Brown, and served from December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1841. Doig, Andrew W., a Representative from New York; born in Washington county, N. Y.; pursued an academic course; county surveyor and clerk of Lewis county; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1832; surrogate of Lewis county, 1835- 1840; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1843). Dolliver, Jonathan Prentiss, a Representa- tive and a Senator from Iowa; born near Kingwood, Preston county, Va. (now West Virginia), February 6, 1858; was graduated in 1875 from the West Vir- ginia university; admitted to the bar in 1878; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1901); appointed on August 23, 1900, to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of John H. Gear, and took his seat Decem- ber 3, 1900;" elected January 21, 1902, and reelected in 1907, and served until his death in Fort Dodge, Iowa, October 15, 1910. Dolph, Joseph Norton, a Senator from Oregon; born in Dolphsburg, Tompkins (now Schuyler) county, N. Y., October 19, 1835; attended the common schools and the Genesee Wesleyan semi- nary in Lima, N. Y.; taught school and studied law; was admitted to the bar in Binghamton, N. Y., in November, 1861; practiced in Schuyler county, N. Y., during the winter of 1861-1862; enlisted in Captain M. Crawford's company in 1862, known as the Oregon Escort, raised under an act of Congress for the purpose of protecting the emigration of that year to the Pacific coast against hostile Indians crossing the plains; filled the position of orderly sergeant; settled in Portland, Oreg., in October, 1862; elected city attorney in 1864; member of the state senate in 1866, 1868, 1872, and 1874; engaged in various enterprises; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; reelected and served from March 4, 1883, to March 3, 1895; resumed the practice of law in Portland, Oreg., where he died March 10, 1897. Donley, Joseph Benton, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Mount Morris, Pa., October 10, 1838; completed preparatory studies; was graduated from Waynesburg college in 1859; entered the Union army as a captain of the eighty- third Illinois infantry in 1862; was graduated from the Law university of Albany , N. Y., in May, 1866, and admitted to the bar; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; after retirement from Congress practiced law in Waynesburg, Pa. Donnan, William G., a Representative from Iowa; born in West Charlton, N. Y., June 30, 1834; was graduated from Union college, New York, in 1856; in the same year moved to Independence, Iowa, where he studied law, and a year later was admitted to the bar; in September, 1857, elected treasurer and recorder of Buchanan county, and held the office by election until 1862; entered the Union army as a private, promoted to the grade of first lieutenant, and brevetted captain and major for efficient service in the field; member of the state senate of Iowa 1868 and 1870; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); declined to be a candidate for reelection; died in Inde- pendence, Iowa, December 4,1908. Donnell, Richard S., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Newbern, N. C., Septem- ber 20, 1820; attended Yale college; member of the house of commons in 1862 and 1864, and served as speaker; delegate to the conventions of 1861 and 1865; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); died June 3, 1867. Donnelly, Ignatius, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Philadelphia, Pa., November 3, 1831; was graduated from the high school of that city; in 1869 studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1852, and practiced, -moved to Minnesota in 1857; author and politician; elected lieutenant governor of Minnesota in 1859 and reelected in 1861; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869); died in Minneapolis, Minn., January 1, 1901. Donovan, Dennis D., a Representative from Ohio; born near Texas, Henry county, Ohio, Jan- uary 31, 1859 ; attended the common schools and the Northern Indiana normal school in Valparaiso, Ind. ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; taught school; engaged in mercantile and timber busi- ness; appointed postmaster of Deshler by President Cleveland; elected to the legislature in 1887 and 1889; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); after retirement from Congress practiced in Napolien, Ohio. Doolittle, James Hood, a Senator from Wis- consin; born in Hampton, N. Y., January 3, 1815; completed preparatory studies; was graduated from Geneva college, New York; studied law and was admitted to the bar; district attorney for Wyoming county, N. Y.; moved to Wisconsin in 1851; elected judge of the first judicial circuit of Wis- consin in 1853, and held the office until 1856, when he resigned; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; reelected and served from March 4, 1857, to March 3, 1869; died in Edge wood, Provi- dence, R. I., July 23, 1897. Doolittle, William Hall, a Representative from Washington; born in Erie county, Pa. ; moved with his parents to Portage county, Wis., in 1859; worked in the pineries of that state; attended dis- trict school; early in 1865 enlisted as a private in the ninth Wisconsin battery; discharged the follow- ing summer and returned to Wisconsin; then re- turned to Pennsylvania in 1867, and pursued an academic course; read law in Chautauqua county, N. Y.; moved to Nebraska in 1872, and practiced law in Johnson county; served one term in the Nebraska legislature; assistant United States dis- trict attorney; moved to Washington territory in 1880, locating in Colfax, Whitman county, and practiced his profession; moved to Tacoma; one of the Republican members of the territorial code commission; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1897) ; after retirement from Congress prac- ticed law in Tacoma, Wash. Dorr, Charles Philips, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Monroe county, Ohio, Au- gust 12, 1852; attended the common schools, and after admission to the courts of Ohio began the practice of law in West Virginia in 1874; elected a member of the West Virginia house of delegates in BIOGBAPHIES. 613 1884 and in 1888; sergeant at arms of that body in 1887; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899), after re- tirement from Congress practiced law in Webster Springs, W. Va. Dorsey, Clement, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Anne Arundel county, Md.; elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1831); died August 6, 1846. Dorsey, George Washington Emery, a Rep- resentative from Nebraska; born in Loudoun county, Va., January 25, 1842; moved with his parents to Preston county (now West Virginia) in 1856; attended the private schools and Oak Hill academy; recruited a company and entered the Union army in August, 1861, as first lieutenant, sixth West Virginia infantry ; promoted to captain and major, and was mustered out with the army of the Shenandoah in August, 1865; moved to Nebraska in 1866; studied law, and admitted to practice in 1869; engaged in banking; member of the board of trustees of the insane hospital; vice president of the state board of agriculture, and chairman of the Republican state central commit- tee; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1891 j; after retirement from Congress engaged in mining enterprises in Nevada and Utah; died in Salt Lake City, Utah, June 12, 1911. Dorsey, Stephen Wallace, a Senator from Arkansas; born in Benson, Vt., February 28, 1844; moved to Ohio and located in Oberlin; attended public schools; served in the Union army under Gen. Grant at Shiloh, Gen. Buell at Perryville, Gen. Rosecrans at Stone River and Chattanooga, and Gen . Thomas at Mission Ridge ; was transferred to the army of the Potomac in 1864, and took part in the battles of the Wilderness and Cold Harbor, and served until the close of the war; returned to Ohio and was employed by the Sandusky tool company, and became its president; soon elected president of the Arkansas railway company ; moved to Arkan- sas and was chosen chairman of the Republican state committee; declined to be a candidate for Congress; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1879; chairman of the Republican execu- tive committee in 1876 and secretary of the com- mittee in 1880; devoted himself to mining interests in New Mexico and Colorado; moved to California; a resident of Los Angeles. Dorsheimer, William, a Representative from New York; born in Lyons, Wayne county, N. Y., February 5, 1832; attended the Phillips academy, Andover, Mass., and Harvard college; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New York; appointed major in the United States army in August, 1861; appointed United States attorney for the northern district of New York in April, ] 867 ; lieutenant governor in 1874 and reelected in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died'in Savannah, Ga., March 26, 1888. Doty, James Duane, a Representative and Delegate from Wisconsin; born in Salem, Washing- ton county, N. Y., November 5, 1799; attended the common schools; moved to Menasha, Wis.; elected a Delegate to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841) ; governor of Wisconsin 1841-1844; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress and as a Free-soil Dem- ocrat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1849- March 3, 1853); appointed treasurer of Utah and governor of that territory in 1864 by President Lincoln; died in Salt Lake City, Utah, June 13, 1865. Doubleday, "Ulysses Freeman, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Otsego county, N. Y., December 15, 1792; received a limited schooling; learned the art of printing; engaged in newspaper work in Ballston and established a newspaper in Auburn; served at Sacketts Harbor in the war of 1812 ; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty- second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); moved to New York City and became engaged in the book trade; died in Belvidere, 111., March 11, 1866. Dougherty, Charles, a Representative from Florida; born in Athens, Ga., October 15, 1850; attended the public schools of Athens and the Uni- versity of Virginia; followed the sea and then engaged in planting; elected to the legislature of Florida in 1876, 1878, 1880, and 1882; served as speaker in 1878; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1889); member of the state legislature 1911 and 1912. Dougherty, John, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Itau, Platte county. Mo., February 25, 1857; moved subsequently, with his parents, to Liberty, Mo.; attended the public schools and William Jewell college; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1880; city attorney of Liberty, Mo.; editor and proprietor of the Liberty Tribune from 1885 to 1888; elected prosecuting attorney of Clay county, Mo., in 1888 and twice reelected; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4- 1899-March 3, 1905); died in Liberty, Mo., August 1, 1905. Douglas, Albert, a Representative from Ohio; born in Chillicothe, Ohio, April 25, 1852; attended the public schools of Chillicothe, a preparatory school, and was graduated from Kenyon college in 1872; attended the Harvard law school, and was admitted to the bar in 1874; returning to Chilli- cothe, began the practice of law; elected pros- ecuting attorney of the county in 1876 on the Republican ticket and reelected in 1878; elector at large in 1896 and chairman of the electoral col- lege; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911) ; resumed the practice of law in Chillicothe, Ohio. Douglas, Beverly Browne, a Representative from Virginia; born in Providence Forge, New Kent county, Va., December 21, 1822; attended William and Mary college, Yale university, and the Uni- versity of Edinburgh, Scotland; studied law and was graduated from the law school of Judge Bev- erly Tucker, and from William and Mary college in 1843 ; admitted to the bar in 1844; member of the state constitutional convention in 1850-1851; twelve years in the state senate; presidential elec- tor on the Breckinridge and Lane ticket in 1860; served in the Confederate army and attained the rank of major of the fifth Virginia cavalry; elected as a Conservative to the Forty-fourth and Forty- fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1875, until his death in Washington, D. C., December 22, 1878. 614 CONGEESSIONAL DIKECTOKY. Douglas, Stephen Arnold, a Representative and a Senator from Illinois; born in Brandon, Vt., April 23, 1813; completed preparatory studies in Brandon academy; learned the cabinetmaker's trade; moved to a farm near Clifton Springs, N. Y.; entered Canandaigua academy and studied law; visited several western cities, .moved to Ohio, where he resumed the study of law, but on account of failing health moved to Illinois; taught school; admitted to the bar in 1834; elected state attorney for the Morgan circuit in 1835; member of the state house of representatives 1836-1837; register of the land office in Springfield in 1837; defeated in 1838 as the Democratic candidate for Congress; appointed secretary of state of Illinois during the session of the legislature 1840-1841, and at the same session was elected one of the judges of the state supreme court; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847 ) ; reelected to the Thirtieth Congress,but before taking his seat was elected to the United States Senate; reelected in 1853 as a Popular Sovereignty Democrat, and again in 1859, defeating Abraham Lincoln, and served from March 4, 1847, until his death; in 1860 received twelve electoral votes for President; died in Chicago, 111., June 3, 1861. Douglas, William Harris, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, December 5, 1853; attended private schools and the College of the City of New York one year; entered the export- ing and importing trade; senior member of a firm having branches in London, Sydney and Mel- bourne, Australia, and Cape Town and Port Eliza- beth, South Africa; member of the chamber of commerce, the New York produce exchange, maritime exchange, merchants' exchange, and various other institutions; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905). Dovener, Blackburn Barrett, a Representa- tive from West Virginia; born in Cabell county, Va. (now West Virginia), April 20, 1842; raised a company of loyal Virginians and served in the United States volunteer infantry during the war; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1873, and prac- ticed law in Wheeling; elected a representative of Ohio county to the legislature of 1883; Republican candidate for Congress in 1892, but defeated; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895- March 3, 1907). Dowd, Clement, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Moore county, N. C., August 27, 1832; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1856; taught school, studied law, and was admitted to the bar; moved to Charlotte and engaged in the practice of law; officer in the Confederate army; elected mayor of Charlotte in January, 1869, and reelected; president of the Merchants and Farmers' National bank; president of the Commercial National bank of Charlotte, N. C.; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885); died in Charlotte, N. C., April 15, 1898. Dowdell, James Ferguson, a Representative from Alabama; born in Jasper county, Ga., Novem- ber 26, 1818; completed preparatory studies and in 1840 was graduated from Randolph Macon college; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1841; began practice in Greenville, Ga. ; moved to Cham- bers county, Ala., in 1846 and engaged in farming; defeated for election to the state legislature in 1849 and 1851; elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; elected as a State Rights Democrat to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Con- fresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859); died in eptember, 1871. Dowdney, Abraham, a Representative from New York; born in Younghall, Ireland, October 31, 1840; came to New York City with his parents; attended the private schools; builder and con- tractor; served in the Civil war as captain of the one hundred and thirty-second New York volun- teers 1862-1863; chairman of the public school trustees 1882-1885; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); died in New York City December 10, 1886. Downey, Stephen' Wheeler, a Representative from Wyoming; born in Western Port, Md . , July 25, 1839; pursued an academic course; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1863; served in the Civil war; moved to the territory of Wyoming in 1869, and practiced law; elected a member of the council of Wyoming territory in 1871, and reelected in 1875 and in 1877; treasurer of the territory for three years, and auditor of the territory; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); died in Denver, Colo.. August 3, 1902. Downing, Charles, a Delegate from Florida: native of Virginia; elected to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841). Downing, Finis Ewing, a Representative from Illinois; born in Virginia, Cass county, 111., August 24, 1846; attended the public and private schools of Virginia; engaged in mercantile pursuits 1865- 1880; clerk of the circuit court of Cass county in 1880, and served for three terms; read law and was admitted to the bar in December, 1887; engaged in the newspaper business in August, 1891; secretary of the state senate in 1893; presented credentials as a Democratic member-elect to the Fifty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1895, to Jan- uary 5, 1896, when he was succeeded by John I. Rinaker, who contested his election; after retire- ment from Congress engaged in the real estate business and the practice of law in Virginia, 111. Downs, Solomon W., a Senator from Louisiana; born in Tennessee in 1801; pursued classical stud- ies and was graduated from the Transylvania uni- versity ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1826 and began practice in New Orleans in the same year; United States district attorney 1845-1847; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1847, to March 3, 1853; died in Orchard Springs, Ky., August 14, 1854. Dowse, Edward, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Charlestown, Mass., in October, 1756; elected to the Sixteenth Congress, and served from December 6, 1819, to May 26, 1820, when he resigned; died in Dedham, Mass., September 3, 1828. Dox, Peter Myndert, a Representative from Alabama; born in Geneva, Ontario county, N. Y., September 11, 1813; attended the Geneva academy and was graduated from Hobart college, Geneva, in 1833; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the state legislature in 1842; judge of the Ontario county courts until he re- signed Marqh 18, 1856; moved to Alabama in 1856 and located in Madison county; member of the BIOGKAPHIES. 615 state constitutional convention in 1865; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1864-March 3, 1873); died in Huntsville, Ala., April 2, 1891. Doxey, Charles T., a Representative from In- diana; was elected as a Republican to the Forty- seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Godlove S. Orth, and served from January 17, 1883, to March 3, 1883; died in Anderson, Ind., April 30, 1898. Drake, Charles Daniel, a Senator from Mis- souri; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, April 11, 1811; at- tended St. Josephs college, Bardstown, Ky., 1823- 1824, and Partridge's military academy, Middle- town, Conn., 1824-1825; appointed midshipman in the United States navy in 1825, and served four years, when he resigned; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in Cincinnati in 1833 ; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1834; member of the state house of representatives of Missouri in 1859-1860; presi- dential elector in 1864 ; member of the state consti- tutional convention in 1865; elected as a Repiiblican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1867, to December 19, 1870, when he re- signed to become chief justice of the court of claims; served until January, 1885, when he retired; died in Washington, D. C., March 31, 1892. Drake, John B., a Representative from New York; born in 1783; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices in Tioga county, N. Y.; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817- March 3, 1819); judge of the court of common pleas for Tioga county 1833-1838; member of the state house of representatives in 1834; died in Oswego, N. Y., March 21, 1857. Draper, Joseph, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Virginia; elected to the Twenty-first Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Alexander Smyth; reelected to the Twenty- second Congress, and served from December 6, 1830, to March 2, 1833. Draper, William Franklin, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Lowell, Mass., April 9, 1842; attended public, private, and high schools; studied mechanical engineering and cotton manu- facture; served in the Civil war; enlisted as a pri- vate in the twenty-fifth Massachusetts infantry Sep- tember 9, 1861; second lieutenant October 7, 1861; first lieutenant April 15, 1862; captain of the thirty- sixth Massachusettsinfan try August 27, 1862; major September 1, 1863 ; lieutenant colonel August 9, 1864 ; brevet colonel and brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service in the field during the war; " mustered out October 12, 1864; was shot through the body at the battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864, and again slightly wounded at Pegram Farm, September 30, 1864; manufacturer of cotton machinery, and made and patented many improvements; president of the Home Market club in 1891 and 1892; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1876; colonel on staff of Gov. Long from 1880-1883; chosen presidential elector at large in 1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); ambas- sador and minister plenipotentiary to Italy 1897- 1899; died in Washington, D. C., January 10, 1910. Draper, William H., a Representative from New York; born in Worcester county, Mass., June 24, 1841; moved to Troy, N. Y., in 1847; attended the public schools until 1856 and then entered a mercantile career; trustee of the village of Lansing- burg; commissioner of jurors for Rensselaer county 1896-1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- seventh and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Drayton, William, a Representative from South Carolina; born in St. Augustine, Fla., December 30, 1776; attended preparatory schools in England; studied law and was admitted to the bar December 12, 1797; entered the United States army as lieu- tenant colonel of the tenth infantry March 12, 1812; colonel of the eighteenth infantry July, 1812; in- spector general August 1, 1814; served through the war; recorder of Charleston 1819-1824; elected as a Union Democrat to the Nineteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Joel R. Poinsett; reelected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1825- March 3, 1833); opposed nullification in 1830, and moved to Philadelphia, Pa., in August, 1833; president of the bank of the United States 1840- 1841; died in Philadelphia, Pa., May 24, 1846. Drayton, William Henry, a Delegate from South Carolina; born in Drayton Hall, on Ashley River, S. C., in September, 1742; pursued classical studies; attended Westminster school and Balliol college, Oxford, England; returned to South Carolina in 1764; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar; visited England again in 1770 and was appointed by King George III privy coun- cilor for the province of South Carolina; while on his way home was appointed assistant judge, but took such an active part in the pre- Revolutionary movement that he was deprived of both positions; president of the council of safety in 1775, and in 1776 chief justice; elected to the Continental Con- gress in 1778, and served until his death in Phila- delphia, Pa., September 3, 1779. Dresser, Solomon Robert, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Litchfield, Hillsdale county, Mich., February 1, 1842; attended the common schools; an inventor and manufacturer; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907); died in Bradford, Pa., January 21, 1911. Driggs, Edmund Hope, a Representative from New York; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., May 2, 1865; attended the Adelphi college, Brooklyn; general agent for the National Surety and Casualty com- pany of America; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Francis H. Wilson; reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress and served from December 6, 1897 to March 3, 1901; defeated for the Fifty- seventh Congress; after retirement from Congress resumed his residence in Brooklyn, N. Y. Driggs, John Fletcher, a Representative from Michigan; born in Kinderhook, N. Y., March 8, 1813; completed preparatory studies; contractor; superintendent of the New York penitentiary in 1844; moved to Michigan in 1856; engaged in the real estate business and salt manufacturing; mem- ber of the state legislature 1859-1860; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869); died in East Saginaw, Mich., December 17, 1877. 616 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Driscoll, Daniel A., a Representative from New York; born in Buffalo, N. Y., March 6, 1875; com- pleted academic studies and a business course; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Driscoll, Michael Edward, a Representative from New York; born in Syracuse, N. Y., Febru- ary 9, 1851; when about one year old his parents moved to the town of Camillus, Onondaga county; attended the district schpols, Monro collegiate in- stitute, in Elbridge, Onondaga county, and was graduated from Williams college in 1877; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-sixth, and to the five suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Dromgoole, George Coke, a Representative from Virginia; born in Lawrenceville, Brunswick county, Va., about 1795; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served several years as a member of the state house of representatives and senate; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty -sixth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1841); declined being a candidate for reelection; elected to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); died April 27, 1847. Drum, Augustus, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Indiana, Pa., in 1818; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in his native city; member of the state senate; resumed the practice of law; died in Indiana, Pa., September 15, 1858; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Dryden, John Fairfield, a Senator from New Jersey; born near Farmington, Me., August 7, 1839; moved with his parents to Massachusetts; fitted for college in Worcester, Mass., and entered Yale university, and was graduated with the class of 1865; made a special study of life insurance, and in 1875, in Newark, N. J., originated and founded the Prudential insurance company of America, becoming its first secretary and in 1881 its presi- dent; one of the founders of the Fidelity trust company; identified with the management of various street railways, banks, and other financial enterprises of New Jersey, New York, and Penn- sylvania; presidential elector in 1896 and 1900; elected as a Republican to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William J. Sewell, and served from January 29, 1902, to March 3, 1907; died in Newark, N. J., November 24, 1911. Duane, James, a Delegate from New York; born in New York, February 6, 1733; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar August 3, 1754; sat in the Continental Congress 1774-1784; clerk cf the court of chancery 1762-1776; member of the revolutionary com- mittee of one hundred 1775; delegate to the An- napolis convention of 1786; member of the state senate 1783-1784; the first mayor of New York City 1784; delegate to the state convention to consider the Federal constitution in 1788; United States district judge for the district of New York 1789-1794; died in Duanesburg, Schnectady county, N. Y., February 1, 1797. Dubois, Fred Thomas, a Delegate and a Sen- ator from Idaho; born in Crawford county, 111., May 29, 1851; attended the public school and was graduated from Yale college in 1872; secretary of the board of railway and warehouse commission- ers of Illinois 1875-1876; went to Idaho territory in 1880 and engaged in business; United States marshal of Idaho from August 25, 1882, until Sep- tember 1, 1886; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887- March 3, 1891), having secured the admission of the territory to the Union on July 3, 1890; chair- man of the first delegation from the new state to the Republican national convention held in Minne- apolis, Minn., in June, 1892; elected as a Repub- lican to the United States Senate December 18, 1890, and served from March 4, 1891, to March 3, 1897 ; chairman of the Republican delegation from Idaho to the national Republican convention in St. Louis in 1896, and left the convention and the party when they declared for the single gold standard; candidate of the Silver Republicans of Idaho for reelection to the Senate in 1896, and beaten by the combined votes of the Democrats, Populists, and Republicans; nominated in state convention in 1900 by the Democrats, Populists, and Silver Republicans, being classed as a Silver Republican, and again elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1901, to March 3, 1907 ; after retirement from Congress took up his resi- dence in Blackfoot, Idaho. Du Bose, Dudley Mclver, a Representative from Georgia; born in Shelby county, Tenn., October 28, 1834; attended the University of Mississippi; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the Confederate army as brigadier general; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died in Washington, D. C., March 4, 1883. Dudley, Charles Edward, a Senator from New York; born in Johnston Hall, Staffordshire, Eng- land, May 23, 1780; came to America with his mother in 1794 and located in Newport, R. I.; entered a counting room as clerk; moved to Albany, N. Y., where he became a merchant; presidential elector in 1816; member of the state senate 1820- 1825; mayor of Albany 1821-1824, and 1828-1829; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate te fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Martin Van Buren and served from January 15, 1829, to March 3, 1833; interested in astronomical science; died in Albany, N. Y., January 23, 1841. Dudley, Edward Bishop, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Onslow county, N. C., December 15, 1789; attended the common schools ; member of the state house of commons 1811-1817; served in the state senate in 1814; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831): governor of North Carolina 1837-1841; president of the Wilmington and Raleigh railroad company; died in Wilmington, N. C., October 30, 1855. Duell, Robert Holland, a Representative from New York; born in Warren, N. Y., December 20, 1824; completed preparatory studies; studied law; admitted to the bar and practiced ; district attorney of Cortland county from 1850 to 1855; judge of Cortland county 1855-1859; assessor of internal revenue for the twenty-third district of New York from 1869 to 1871; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congres?es (March BIOGKAPHIES. 617 4, 1859-March 3, 1863), reelected to the Forty- second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1875). Duer, William, a Delegate from New York; born in Devonshire, England, March 18, 1747; completed preparatory studies, and attended Eaton college; served in the Anglo-Indian army; emigrated to the province of New York in 1768, and located in Washington county, where he was judge, colonel of militia, member of the committee of safety, and leader in the ante-Revolutionary movements; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1777-1778; moved to New York City in 1783; assisted Hamilton in organizing the Treasury De- partment 1789-1790; died in New York City May 7, 1799. Duer, William, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, May 25, 1805; com- pleted preparatory studies and was graduated from Columbia college in 1824; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar and began practice in Oswego, N. Y., in 1828; defeated for the legislature in 1832; moved to New York City and thence to New Orleans, La., in 1833; returned to Oswego, N. Y., in 1835; served in the New York state house of representatives 1840-1841; district attorney for Oswego county 1845-1847; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); United States consul in Val- paraiso 1851-1854; removed to San Francisco Gal., in 1854; elected county clerk; died in San Fran- cisco, Cal., August 25, 1879. Dugro, Philip Henry, a Representative from New York; born in New York City October 3, 1855; attended Columbia college, New York; studied law and was graduated from the Columbia college law school; was admitted to the bar; practiced in New York; member of the state assembly in 1879; judge of the superior court of New York City 1887-1896; elected associate justice of the supreme court of New York in 1896, which position he now holds; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883). Duke, Richard Thomas Walker, a Repre- sentative from Virginia; born in Albemarle county, Va., June 6, 1822; was graduated from the Virginia military institute in 1 845 ; was graduated from the law school of the University of Virginia in 1850; elected commonwealth attorney for the county of Albemarle in 1858, and continued in that office until 1869 ; elected as a Conservative to the Forty- first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Robert Ridgway; reelected to the Forty-second Congress and served from December 5, 1870, to March 3, 1873; died in " Sunny Side," Albemarle county, Va., July 2, 1898. Dumont, Ebenezer, a Representative from Indiana; born in Vevay, Ind., November 23, 1814; pursued classical studies; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar; began practice in Vevay; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1838; treasurer of Vevay 1839-1845; lieutenant colonel of volunteers in the Mexican war; presidential elector on the Pierce ticket in 1852; member of the state house of representatives in 1850 and 1853; colonel of the seventh Indiana volunteers in the Civil war; promoted to brigadier general of volun- teers September 3, 1861; resigned February 28, 1863; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867); died in Indianapolis, Ind., April 16, 1871. Dunbar, William, a Representative from Louisiana; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Duncan, Alexander, a Representative from Ohio; bora in Cincinnati, Ohio; studied and prac- ticed medicine; representative in the state legisla- ture 1828-1830 and 1831-1832; state senator 1832- 1834; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-seventh Congress; elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); died in Cincinnati, Ohio, March 2, 1852. Duncan, Daniel, a Representative from Ohio; born in Shippensburg, Pa., July 22, 1806 ; completed preparatory studies; moved to Ohio; became inter- ested in mercantile pursuits; member of the state legislature in 1843; defeated for the state senate on the Whig ticket in 1844; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849), defeated for reelection; died in Washington, D. C., Jnne 18, 1849. Duncan, Garnett, a Representative from Ken- tucky; native of Kentucky; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Louisville; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); declined to be a candidate for reelection; moved to New Orleans and resumed the practice of law. Duncan, James Henry, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Haverhill, Mass., Decem- ber 5, 1793; was graduated from Harvard college in 1812; studied law, and in 1815 was admitted to the bar; an active militia officer, and attained the rank of colonel; for three years president of the Essex agricultural society; member of the state house of representatives in 1827, 1837, 1838, and 1857; state senator, 1828-1831; appointed commissioner in bankruptcy in 1841; delegate to the national con- vention at Harrisburg which nominated Harrison and Tyler in 1839; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849- March 3, 1853); died in Haverhill, Mass., February 8, 1869. Duncan, Joseph, a Representative from Illinois; born in Paris, Bourbon county, Ky., February 22, 1794; pursued classical studies; studied law; lieu- tenant of United States infantry in the war of 1812, and distinguished himself at the defense of Fort Stephenson; moved to Illinois in 1818 and settled in Kaskaskia; held several local offices; state sen- ator 1824-1826; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty- third Congresses; and served from March 4, 1827, until September 21, 1834, when he resigned; moved to Jacksonville, 111., in 1829; governor of Illinois 1834-1838; died in Jacksonville, 111., Jan- uary 15, 1844. Duncan, William Addison, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Franklin township, Adams county, Pa., February 2, 1836; was gradu- ated from Franklin and Marshall college, in Lan- caster, in 1857; read law, and was admitted to the bar in Gettysburg in 1859; elected district attorney in 1862 and in 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress, and served from March 4, 1883, until his death in Gettysburg, Pa., Novem- ber 14, 1884. 618 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. Dungan, Irvine, a Representative from Ohio; born in Canonsburg, Washington county, Pa., May 29, 1844; received a collegiate training; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served till the close of the Civil war in the nineteenth Iowa infantry; captured and confined ten months in a military prison; mayor of Jackson, Ohio, in 1869; state senator in 1877; led the Democratic electoral ticket in Ohio in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); after retirement from Congress practiced law in Jackson, Ohio. Dunham, Cyrus L., a Representative from In- diana; native of New York; self-educated; moved to" Indiana and located in Salem; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representatives 3846-1847; engaged in agricul- ture; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, and Thirty- third Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1855); defeated as a candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress; again elected a mem- ber of the state house of representatives; died in Valley Farm, Ind., October 15, 1856. Dunham, Ransom Williams, a Representa- tive from Illinois; born in Savoy, Mass., March 21 1838; attended the common schools, closing at the high school in Springfield, Mass.; engaged in the office of the Massachusetts Mutual life insurance company from August, 1855, to August, 1860; moved to Chicago April 1, 1857; grain and provision commission merchant; president of the board of trade of Chicago in 1882; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889); died in Springfield, Mass., August 19, 1896. Dunlap, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Kentucky; born in Fayette county, Ky., February 22, 1813; was graduated from Transyl- vania-university in 1834; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Lancaster, Ky.; commissioner of the circuit court 1843-1874; member of the state house of representatives in 1853; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); presiden- tial elector on the McClellan and Pendleton ticket in 1864; died in Lancaster, Garrard county, Ky., June 6, 1880. Dunlap, Robert Pinckney, a Representative from Maine; born in Brunswick, Me., August 17, 1794; was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1815; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1818; began practice in Brunswick, Me.; member of the state house of representatives 1821-1823, and of the state senate 1823-1832; president of the state senate four years; an executive councilor in 1833; governor of Maine 1834-1838; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); collector of customs in Portland, Me., 1848-1849; president of the board of overseers of Bowdoin college; died in Brunswick, Me., October 20, 1859. Dunlap, William C., a Representative from Tennessee; a native of Tennessee; elected to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); moved to Texas in 1838; minister to Mexico in 1839. Dunn, George G., a Representative from In- diana; born in 1813; completed preparatory studies; studied law; admitted to the bar and began prac- tice in Bedford, Ind.; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849), reelected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); died in Bed- ford, Ind., September 4, 1857. Dunn, George Hebford, a Representative from Indiana; resided in Lawrenceburg, Ind.; member of the state legislature 1828, 1832, 1833; treasurer of state 1841-1844; defeated as the Whig candidate for Congress in 1835; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); defeated for the Twenty-sixth Congress; died in Lawrenceburg, Ind., January 12, 1854. Dunn, John Thomas, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Tipperary, Ireland, June 4, 1838, and moved with his father to New Jersey; com- pleted elementary studies at home; studied law and was admitted to the bar; engaged in business in 1862 and acquired a competency; elected alder- man of Elizabeth, N. J., in 1878; four times elected to the legislature of New Jersey ; speaker of the house in 1882; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law; died in Elizabeth, N. J., Feb- ruary 22, 1907. Dunn, Poindexter, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Wake county, N. C., November 3, 1834; moved with his father to Limestone county, Ala., in 1837; attended the county schools, four years in Jackson college in Columbia, Tenn., where he was graduated in 1854; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to St. Francis county, Ark., in March, 1856; engaged in cotton growing until 1861; elected to the lower house of the state legislature as a Democrat in 1858; served in the Confederate army during the war; commenced the practice of law in 1867; on the Democratic electoral ticket for Arkansas in 1872 and 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1889); after retirement from Con- gress settled in Texarkana, Ark. Dunn, William McKee, a Representative from Indiana; born in Indiana Territory, December 12, 1814 ; was graduated from the Indiana state college in 1832, and from Yale college in 1835; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; member of the state house of representatives in 1848; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1850; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); defeated for the Thirty-eighth Congress; appointed assistant judge advocate general of the United States army, and December, 1875, promoted to judge advocate general; died in Maplewood, Fairfax county, Va., July 24, 1887. Dunnell, Mark Hill, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Buxton, Me., July 2, 1823; was graduated from Colby university, Maine, in 1849; for five years principal of Norway and Hebron academies; member of the Maine house of repre- sentatives in 1854, and of the state senate in 1855; during the years 1855, 1857, 1858, and 1859 was state superintendent of common schools; delegate to the national Republican convention at Phila- delphia in 1856; commenced the practice of law in Portland, Me., in 1860; entered the Union army as colonel of the fifth Maine infantry in 1861; United States consul in Veracruz, Mexico, in 1862; in January, 1865, became a citizen of Minnesota; member of the Minnesota house of representatives in 1867; state superintendent of public instruction BIOGRAPHIES. 619 from April, 1867, to August, 1870; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-second and to the five suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1883), reelected to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); located in Washington, D. C.; died in Owatonna, Minn., August 9, 1904. Dunphy, Edward J., a Representative from New York; born in New York City May 12, 1856; attended the public schools of his native city, and in 1871 began a collegiate course at Mount St. Mary's college, in Emmitsburg, Md., studied law and was admitted to the bar; connected with the law department of the New York Central and Hudson River railroad company; elected as a Tammany Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty- second, and Fifty- third Congresses (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in New York City. Dunwell, Charles Tappan, a Representative from New York; born in Newark, Wayne county, N. Y., February 13, 1852; removed with his parerts to Lyons, Wayne county, N. Y., in 1854; attended the Lyons Union school; entered Cornell univer- sity in the class of 1873; at the close of his junior year entered Columbia college law school in the city of New York, where he was graduated in 1874 with the degree of LL. B.; admitted to the bar of New York state in May, 1874; practiced law for many years in New York City; general agent for the New York Life Insurance company in 1889; defeated for comptroller of the city of Brooklyn in 1890; member of the New York Republican state committee, 1891-1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1903, until his death, in Brooklyn. N. Y., June 12, 1908. du Pont, Henry Algernon, a Senator from Delaware; born in Eleutherean Mills, Newcastle county, Del., July 30, 1838; attended private schools; entered the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia in 1855, where he spent a year in the sophomore and junior classes; was graduated from the United States military academy May 6, 1861; commissioned second lieutenant, corps of en- gineers; first lieutenant, fifth regiment United States artillery, May 14, 1861 ; adjutant July 6, 1861, to March 24, 1864; captain March 24, 1864; brevet major September 19, 1864, "for gallant services at the battles of Opequan and Fishers Hill, Va.;" lieutenant colonel October 19, 1864, "for distin- guished service at the battle of Cedar Creek, Va. ; " awarded a medal of honor March 22, 1898, "for gal- lant conduct" at the last-named battle (October 19, 1864), "while chief of artillery, army of West Virginia, by his brave bearing, most distinguished gallantry, and voluntary exposure to the enemy's guns at a critical moment, when the Union line had been broken and defeated, he encouraged his men to stand to their guns, checked the advance of the enemy, and brought off the most of his guns; " resigned March 1, 1875; was president and general manager of the Wilmington and Northern railroad company from 1879 to 1899; retired from active busi- ness and engaged in agricultural pursuits; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate June 13, 1906, to serve the unexpired portion of the term beginning March 4, 1905; took his seat December 3, 1906; reelected for the term beginning March 4, 1911. Dupre, Henry Garland, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Opelousas, St. Landry parish, La., July 28, 1873; attended the public schools of Opelousas, and was graduated in 1892 from Tulane University of Louisiana, New Orleans, in 1892; subsequently received the degree of bachelor of laws from the same institution; began the practice of law in New Orleans in 1895; assistant city attor- ney of New Orleans 1900-1910; member of the house of representatives of Louisiana in 1900; re- elected in 1904 and in 1908, when he was chosen speaker; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress on November 8, 1910, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Samuel L. Gilmore, and served from December 5, 1910, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Durand, George Harman, a Representative from Michigan; born in Cobleskill, N. Y., Febru- ary 21, 1838; moved to Flint, Mich., in 1858; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected mayor of Flint in 1873, and reelected in 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); temporarily appointed justice of the supreme court of Michigan in 1902; died in Flint, Mich., June 8, 1903. Durborow, Allan Cathcart, jr., a Representa- tive from Illinois; born in Philadelphia, Pa., No- vember 10, 1857; moved with his parents to Wil- liamsport, Ind., where he received his early school- ing; entered Wabash college, Crawfordsville, Ind., in the fall of 1872; was graduated from the Univer- sity of Indiana, Bloomington, in 1877; after resid- ing in Indianapolis moved to Chicago; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); defeated for the Fifty-eighth Congress; engaged in the in- surance business in Chicago; died in Chicago, 111., March 8, 1908. Durell, Daniel Meserye, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Lee, N. H., July 20, 1769; was graduated from Dartmouth in 1794; studied law with Henry Mellen in Dover, N. H., and was admitted to the bar in 1797; practiced in Dover; elected to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809); member of the state legisla- ture in 1816; chief justice of the district court of common pleas 1816-1821; United States attorney, district of New Hampshire, 1830-1834; died in Dover, N. H., April 29, 1841. Durey, Cyrus, a Representative- from New York; born in Caroga, Fulton county, N. Y., May 16, 1864; attended the common schools and Johns- town academy; president and acting manager of Caroga Lumber company, engaged in lumbering; was supervisor's clerk, supervisor; postmaster of Johnstown 1898-1906; member of the Republican state committee 1904-1906; elected as a Republi- can to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March3, 1911); collector of internal revenue in Johnstown, N. Y. Durfee, Job, a Representative from Rhode Is- land; bom in Tiverton, R. I., September 20, 1790; was graduated from Brown university in 1813; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Tiverton; member of the state house of representatives 1813-1819 and 1827-1829; elected as the People's candidate to the Seventeenth Con- gress and as a Democrat to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1825); defeated for the Nineteenth and Twenty-first Congresses; resumed the practice of law; elected associate and chief jus- tice of the Rhode Island supreme court; died in Tiverton, R. I., July 26, 1847. 620 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Durfee, Nathaniel Briggs, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Tiverton, R. I., Sep- tember 29, 1812; completed preparatory studies; engaged in agricultural pursuits; member of the Rhode Island assembly for eleven years; elected as an American to the Thirty -fourth Congress and as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); died in Tiverton, R. I., No- vember 12, 1872. Durham, Milton Jameson, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Mercer county (now Boyle county), Ky., May 16, 1824; was grdauted from As- bury university, Indiana, in 1844; studied law and was graduated in 1850 from the Louisville law school; one of the circuit judges of Kentucky in 1861 and 1862; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879); resumed the prac- tice of law in Danville, Ky.; died in Lexington, Ky., February 12, 1911. Durkee, Charles, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Wisconsin; born in Royal ton, Vt., Decem- ber 10, 1805; completed preparatory studies; moved to Wisconsin; member of the territorial leg- islature in 1836 and 1838; elected as a Free Soiler to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); delegate to the World's peace convention in Paris; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1855, to March 3, 1861; appointed governor of Utah in 1865, and served until failing health compelled him to resign; died in Omaha, Nebr., January 14, 1870. Duval, Gabriel, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Prince George county, Md., Decem- ber 6, 1752; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected as a Democrat to the Third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John F. Mercer; reelected to the Fourth Congress, and served from November 11, 1794, to March 28, 1796, when he resigned; elected judge of the supreme court of Maryland; appointed comptroller of the currency in December, 1802, and resigned November 18, 1811, having been appointed a justice of the su- preme court of the United States; resigned in 1836 on account of deafness; died in Prince George county, Md., t March 6, 1844. Duval, Isaac Harding, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Wellsburg, Brooke county, Va. (now West Virginia), September 1, 1824; com- pleted preparatory studies; entered the United States volunteer service June 1, 1861, as major of the first West Virginia infantry; promoted to the colonelcy of the ninth West Virginia infantry Sep- tember 6, 1862; promoted to brigadier general October 20, 1864, and subsequently to major gen- eral by brevet; served two years in the West Vir- ginia state senate; adjutant general of the state two years; elected as a Republican to the Forty- first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); died in Wellsburg, W. Va., July 10, 1902. Duval, William P., a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in 1784; completed preparatory studies; moved to Kentucky; studied law and was admitted to the bar; during the Indian hostilities of 1812 commanded a company of mounted volunteers; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); resumed practice in Bardstown, Ky.; appointed United States judge for the district of Florida; governor of Florida under Presidents Monroe, Adams, and Jackson, serving from 1822 to 1834; moved to Texas in 1848; died in Washington, D. C., March 19, 1854. Dwight, Henry Williams, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Stockbridge, Mass., February 26, 1788; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1809, and began practice in Stock- bridge; member of the state legislature in 1818; elected to the Seventeenth and to the four suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1831); died in New York City February 21, 1845. Dwight, Jeremiah Wilber, a Representative from New York; born in Cincinnatus, Cortland county, N. Y., April 17, 1819; reared as a farmer and mechanic; attended the district schools and a village high school; engaged in mercantile pur- suits, in farming, real estate, and in the manufac- ture and sale of lumber; elected supervisor of the town of Dryden in 1857-1858; chairman of the board; member of the state assembly in 1860-1861; appointed by Gov. Morgan a member of the sena- torial district war committee in 1861; delegate to the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1868; director, member of executive committee, and vice president of the Southern Central railroad for many years; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); died in Dryden, N. Y., November 26, 1885. Dwight, John Wilbur, a Representative from New York; born in Dryden, N. Y., May 24, 1859; attended the high school at his home, and the mil- itary school in New Haven, Conn.; delegate to the Republican national conventions in 1888, 1892, 1900, and 1908; engaged in the banking business in Ithaca, N. Y.; president of land company in North Dakota, 1885-1890, operating wheat farm 12,000 acres; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- seventh Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George W. Ray; reelected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from December 1, 1902, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Dwight, Theodore, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Northampton, Mass., Decem- ber 15, 1764; completed preparatory studies; studied law; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Hartford, Conn.; served several years in the state senate; elected as a Federalist to the Ninth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Cotton Smith; served from December 1, 1806, to March 3, 1807; editor of the Hartford Mirror; secretary of the Hartford con- vention; moved to Albany in 1815; published the Albany Daily Advertiser; moved to New York in 1817 and established the New York Daily Adver- tiser, with which he was connected until the great fire of 1835; returned to Hartford; died in New York City June 12, 1846. Dwight, Thomas, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Springfield, Mass., October 29, 1758; was graduated from Harvard college in 1778; member of the state legislature 1794-1795; served in the state senate 1796-1803 and 1813; member of the governor's council 1808-1809; elected to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805): died in Springfield, Mass., January 2, 1819. Dwinell, Justin, a Representative from New York; born in Shaftsbury, Vt., October 28, 1785; BIOGRAPHIES. 621 was graduated from Yale college in 1805; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1811, and began practice in Cazenovia, N. Y., September, 1811; member of the state house of representatives in 1821-1822; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); judge of common pleas of Madison county, N. Y., 1823-1833; district attorney in 1837-1845; died in Cazenovia, N. Y., September 17, 1850. Dyer, David Patterson, a Representative from Missouri; born in Henry county, Va., Feb- ruary 12, 1838; in 1841 moved to Lincoln county, Mo.; completed preparatory studies; studied law in Bowling Green, Pike county, Mo., and was admitted to the bar in March, 1859; elected prose- cuting attorney for the third judicial circuit in 1860; member of the legislature 1862-1865; re- cruited and commanded the forty-ninth regiment Missouri volunteer infantry during the Civil war; secretary of the state senate in 1866; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); was appointed United States attorney for the eastern district of Missouri in 1898. Dyer, Eliphalet, a Delegate from Connecticut; born in Windham, Conn., September 28, 1721; was graduated from Yale college in 1740; studied law and was admitted to the bar; representative to the general court 1743-1762; appointed in 1755 colonel of a regiment of Connecticut volunteers raised for the conquest of Canada; delegate to the stamp-act congress in 1765; appointed judge of the state supreme court in 1766; Delegate to the Con- tinental Congress 1774-1779 and 1780-1783; chief justice of the supreme court of Connecticut 1789- 1793; died in Windham, Conn., May 13, 1807. Eager, Samuel Watkins, a Representative from New York; born in Neelytown, Orange county, N. Y., April 8, 1789; was graduated from Princeton college in 1809; elected to the Twenty- first Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Hector Craig, and served from December 6, 1830, to March 3, 1831; died in Newburgh, N. Y., December 23, 1860. Eames, Benjamin Tucker, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Dedham, Mass., June 4, 1818; was graduated from Yale college in 1843; studied law, and in 1845 was admitted to the bar and began practice in Providence, R. I.; delegate to the Republican national convention at Chicago, 1860, which nominated Abraham Lincoln; member of the house of representatives in the general assem- bly in 1868-1869; speaker of the house of represen- tatives in 1869; member of the state senate in 1854, 1855, 1856, 1859, and 1863; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second, Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1879); died in East Greenwich, R. I., October 6, 1901. Earl, Nehemiah H., a Representative from New York; born in Onondaga county, N. Y.; at- tended the public schools; county judge 1823-1831 ; superintendent of the Onondaga salt springs 1831- 1836; resided in Syracuse, N. Y. ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1841). Earle, Elias, a Representative from South Caro- lina; born in Frederick county, Va., June 19, 1762; moved to South Carolina in September, 1787; elected as a Democrat to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807); reelected to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses (March 4, 1811- March 3, 1815); again elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821) ; died in Centerville, S. C., May 19, 1823. Earle, John Baylis, a Represent! ve from South Carolina; born in South Carolina, October 23, 1766; completed preparatory studies; elected to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805); adjutant and inspector general of South Carolina, 1805; served through the war of 1812; died in Ander- son county, S. C., February 3, 1863. Earle, Joseph Haynswortn, a Senator from South Carolina; born in Greenville, S. C., April 30, 1847; attended the high schools at that place until he entered the service of the Confederacy; after the war was graduated from Furman university, Green- ville, S. C.; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1870; elected to the legislature in 1878, and in 1882 elected to the state senate; delegate to the national Democratic conventions in 1880 and 1884; elected attorney general of South Carolina in 1886 and reelected to same office in 1888; elected circuit judge in 1894; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate on January 27, 1897, and served from March 4, 1897, until his death May 20, 1897. Earle, Samuel, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Frederick county, Va., Novem- ber 28, 1760; went to South Carolina in 1774; par- ticipated in the Revolutionary war, entering the service as an ensign in 1777 and leaving as captain of a company of rangers in 1782; representative in the state legislature 1784-1788; delegate in the state convention that ratified the Federal constitu- tion, May 12, 1788; delegate in the state constitu- tional convention of 1790; elected to the Fourth Congress (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1797); died in Pendleton district, S. C., November 24, 1833. Earll, Jonas, jr., a Representative from New York; born in 1786; resided in Onondaga county, N. Y., and attended the common schools; sheriff of Onondaga county 1815-1819; member of the state house of representatives 1820-1821; served in the state senate from January, 1823, to January, 1827; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831); elected a canal commissioner, and served from January, 1832, to February, 1840, and from February 8, 1842, until his death in Syracuse, October 11, 1846. Early, Peter, a Representative from Georgia; born in Madison county, Va., June 20, 1773; was graduated from Princeton college in 1792; studied law in Philadelphia, Pa.; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Greene county, Ga., in 1795; elected to the Seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Milledge; re- elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses and served from January 10, 1803, to March 3, 1807; judge of the superior courts 1807-1813; governor 1813-1815; member of the state senate; died near Greensboro, Greene county, Ga., August 15, 1817. Easterbrook, Experience, a Delegate from Nebraska territory; born in Lebanon, N. H., April 30, 1813; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Geneva, Wis., in 1840; delegate to the second state constitutional convention; member of 622 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. the state house of representatives in 1851; attorney general in 1852; moved to Nebraska territory and served as district attorney 1854-1859; presented credentials as a Delegate-elect to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1859, to May 18, 1860, when he was succeeded by Samuel G. Daily, who contested his election; moved to Chicago, 111., in 1894; died in Omaha, Nebr., March 26, 1894. Eastman, Ben C., a Representative from Wis- consin; born in Strong, Me., October 24, 1812; at- tended the public schools; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practised in his native state and New York City; moved to Platteville, Wis., in 1840; secretary of the legislative council of Wisconsin territory 1843-1846; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); died in Platteville, Wis., February 2, 1856. Eastman, Ira Allen, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Gilmanton, N. H., Jan- uary 1, 1809; was graduated from Dartmouth col- lege in 1829; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Gilmanton; served several years as member of the state house of representa- tives and state senate ; served as speaker of the house 1837-1839 ; register of probate ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); judge of the common pleas, superior, and supreme courts 1844 1859; died in Manchester, N. H., March 21, 1881. Eastman, Nehemiah, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Gilmanton, N. H., June 16, 1782; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Farmington, N. H., in 1807; elected to the state house of representatives in 1813; member of the state senate 1820-1825; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827); died in Farmington, N. H., January 11, 1856. E as ton, Rufus, a Delegate from Missouri Terri- tory; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses, and was seated in the latter January 13, 1817, after contesting the election of John Scott, and served from November 16, 1814, to March 3, 1815, and from January 13, 1817, to March 3, 1817. Eaton, John Henry, a Senator from Tennessee; born in Tennessee in 1800; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; practiced in Nashville; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George W. Campbell; reelected, and served from September 5, 1818, to March 9, 1829, when he re- signed; appointed Secretary of War by President Jackson; resigned June 18, 1831; governor of Flor- ida 1834-1836; minister to Spain 1836-1840; died in Washington, D. C., November 17, 1856. Eaton, Lewis, a Representative from New York; native of that state; sheriff of Schoharie county in 1821 and 1822; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); member of the state senate January, 1829, to January, 1833. Eaton, William Wallace, a Senator and a Repre- sentative from Connecticut ; born in Tolland, Conn . , October 11, 1816; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1837; served in the state senate ; clerk of the superior and supreme courts of Tolland and Hartford counties; served four years as recorder of Hartford county; member of the state house of representatives in 1847, 1848, 1853, 1863, 1868, 1870, 1871, 1873, and 1874; speaker of the house 1853 and 1873; member of the state senate of Connecticut in 1850; ap- pointed to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of William A. Buckingham; subsequently elected to fill the vacancy, and served from February 5, 1875, to March 3, 1881; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Hart- ford, Conn., September 21, 1898. Eckert, George N., a Representative from Pennsylvania; elected as a W T hig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849). Eckley, Ephraim. Ralph, a Representative from Ohio; born in Jefferson county, Ohio, Decem- ber 9, 1841; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Carrollton, Ohio, in 1837; member of the state senate of Ohio in 1843, 1846, 1849-1850; member of the house of representatives in 1853; served in the Union army as colonel of the twenty-sixth Ohio volunteers and of the eightieth Ohio volun- teers; elected as a Republican to the Th'irty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869); resumed the practice of law in Carrollton, Ohio, and died there March 27. 1908. Eddy, Frank Marion, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Pleasant Grove, Minn., April 1, 1856; attended and taught school until 1882; in the employ of the Northern Pacific railroad as a land examiner; clerk of the district court of Pope county in 1884; first Representative from Minne- sota who was a native of that state; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty- sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1895- March 3, 1903); declined a renomination; member of the Minnesota immigration bureau, and resides in Sauk Center, Minn. Eddy, Norman, a Representative from Indiana; born in Scipio, N. Y., December 10, 1810; was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1835; went to In- diana and located in Mishawaka and practiced medicine there until 1847; studied law, moved to South Bend, Ind., in 1847 and practiced law; state senator in 1850; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); defeated for re- election; colonel of the forty-eighth Indiana regi- ment of volunteers during the Civil war; collector of internal revenue 1865-1870; elected secretary of state in 1870; died in Indianapolis, Ind., January 28, 1872. Eddy, Samuel, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Johnston, R. I., March 31, 1769; completed preparatory studies; was graduated from Brown university in 1787; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1790; practiced a short time in Providence; clerk of the supreme court 1790-1793; secretary of state 1798-1819; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1825); defeated for the Nineteenth and Twenty- first Congresses; associate justice of the state su- preme court 1826-1827, and served as chief justice of Rhode Island 1827-1835; died in Providence, R. I., February 2, 1839. BIOGRAPHIES. 623 Eden, John Rice, a Representative from Illinois; born in Bath county, Ky., February 1, 1826; moved with his parents to Indiana; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Sullivan, 111.; state attorney for the seventeenth judicial district of Illinois 1856-1860; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); was the Democratic nominee for governor of Illinois in 1868; reelected to the Forty-third Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879); again elected to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March3, 1887); after leaving Congress resumed the practice of law in Sullivan, 111., and died there, June 9, 1909. Edgerton, Alfred Peck, a Representative from Ohio; born in Plattsburg, N. Y., January 11, 1813; moved with his parents to Hicksville, Ohio; pursued an academic course; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); chairman United States civil service commission 1885; died in Hicksville, Ohio, May 14, 1897. Edgerton, Alonzo Jay, a Senator from Min- nesota; born in Rome, 'N. Y., June 7, 1827; was graduated from Wesleyan university in 1850; settled at Mantorville, Minn., in 1855; studied law and was admitted to the bar; captain in the tenth Minnesota volunteer regiment during the Civil war and brevetted brigadier general; removed to Kasson, Minn., in 1878; state senator in 1859 and again in 1877-78; appointed to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William Windom, and served from March 12, 1881, to October 26, 1881; died in Sioux Falls, S. Dak., August 9, 1896. Edgerton, Joseph Ketchum, a Representa- tive from Indiana; born in Vergennes, Vt., Feb- ruary 16, 1818; attended the public schools of Clinton county, N. Y.; studied law in Plattsburg and was admitted to the bar in New York City in 1839; moved to Fort Wayne, Ind., in 1854; became president of the Fort Wayne and Chicago railroad; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); defeated for reelection; died in Boston, Mass., August 25, 1893. Edgerton, Sidney, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cazenovia, N. Y., August 17, 1818; received a limited schooling; moved to Ohio in 1864; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Talmadge, Ohio; for four years prosecuting attorney for Summit county; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); appointed United States judge for the territory of Idaho in 1864, and governor of Montana 1865-1866; resumed the practice of law; died in Akron, Ohio, July 19, 1900. Edie, John Rufus, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Gettysburg, Pa., January 14, 1814; attended tho public schools; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); served as lieutenant during Civil war; died in Somerset, Pa., August 27, 1888. Edmands, John Wiley, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., March 1, 1809; completed preparatory studies; member of the firm of Abbott & Amos Lawrence, Boston, from which he retired in 1843; interested in woolen mills in Dedham, Mass., and tho Pacific Mills company in Lawrence, Mass., with residence in Newton; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); declined to be a candidate for reelection ; treasurer of the Pacific mills at Lawrence in 1855; presidential elector on the Grant and Colfax ticket in 1868; died in Newton, Mass., January 31, 1877. Edmond, William, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in South bury, Conn., September 28, 1755; was graduated from Yale college in 1777; wounded at the battle of Danbury while serving in the Revolutionary army; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1780; began practice in Newtown, Conn.; member of the state house of representatives; judge of the state supreme court; elected as a Federalist to the Fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused'by the death of James Daven- port; reelected to the Sixth Congress and served from November 13, 1797, to March 3, 1801; died in Newtown, Conn., August 1, 1838. Edmunds, George Franklin, a Senator from Vermont; born in Richmond, Vt., February 1, 1828; attended the public schools and received instruc- tions from a private tutor; studied law in Burling- ton, yt., and was admitted to the bar in 1849 and practiced; member of the state legislature of Ver- mont in 1854, 1855, 1857, 1858, and 1859; served three years as speaker; a member of the state senate, and its presiding officer pro tempore in 1861-1862; appointed as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Solomon Foot; subsequently elected to fill the vacancy and four times reelected, and served from April 3, 1866, to November 1, 1891, when he re- signed; president of the Senate pro tempore March 3, 1883, to March 3, 1885; member of the electoral commission of 1876; after leaving the United States Senate he located in Philadelphia, Pa., where he resumed the practice of law. Edmunds, Paul Carrington, a Representative from Virginia; born in Halifax county, Va., No- vember 1, 1836; trained by a private tutor; attended the University of Virginia and was graduated in law from William and Mary college, Williamsburg, Va.; was admitted to the bar; practiced in Jeffer- son City, Mo.; returned to Virginia in 1858; engaged in agriculture on his farm in Halifax county; elected to the senate of Virginia in 1881, and served four terms; reelected in 1884; dele- gate to the Democratic national convention in Chicago in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1895); died in Houston, Halifax county, Va., March 12, 1899. Edmunds ton, Henry Alonzo, a Representa- tive from Virginia; born in Blacksburg, Mont- gomery county, Va., June 8, 1814; completed pre- paratory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar and began practice in Salem; elected to the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1861); died in his home in Falling Waters, Montgomery county, Va., December 16, 1890. Edsall, Joseph E., a Representative from New Jersey; born in Sussex county, N. J.; attended the common schools, elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849). 624 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Edwards, Benjamin, a Representative from Maryland; born in Stafford county, Va., in 1752; attended the common schools; member of the state legislature; delegate to the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution; elected to the Third Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Uriah Forrest, and served from January 2, 1795, to March 3, 1795; moved to Todd county, Ky., and died there November 13, 1826. Edwards, Caldwell, a Representative from Montana; born in Sag Harbor, N. Y., January 8, 1841; attended the district schools; salesman and bookkeeper in dry goods stores; moved to Montana in the summer of 1864; located on a farm that fall; three times elected a member of the territorial leg- islature; elected on a fusion ticket to the Fifty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903). Edwards, Charles Gordon, a Representative from Georgia; born in Tattnall county, Ga., July 2, 1878; attended the county schools, Gordon insti- tute, Barnesville, Ga., and the agricultural college of Lake City, Fla. ; was graduated from the Univer- sity of Georgia, law department, in June, 1898; was admitted to the bar; practiced in Reidsville and Savannah; engaged also in numerous industries and in banking; member of the Georgia state militia for several years; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Edwards, Don Calvin, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Appanoose county, Iowa, July 13, 1861; attended the common schools of Iowa and Kansas, and the University of Holton, Kans.; lo- cated in Laurel county, Ky., in 1892; engaged in manufacturing and the wholesale lumber business; clerk and master commissioner of the Laurel circuit court from 1898 to 1904; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); defeated for reelection to the Sixty-second Congress; resumed the lumber and whosesale groceries business in London, Ky. Edwards, Francis Smith, a Representative from New York; born in Windsor, Broome county, N. Y., May 28, 1817; completed preparatory studies attended Hamilton college but did not graduate; studied law, was admitted to the bar, May 20, 1840, and began practice in Fredonia, Chautauqua county, N. Y.; appointed master and examiner in chancery for Chenaugo county in 1842 ; appointed special county surrogate of Chautauqua county i;i 1853, and served until November 1, 1855; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1855, to February 28, 1857, when he resigned; defeated for reelection to the Thirty-fifth Congress; located in Dunkirk, N. Y., in 1859; city attorney for nine years; elected police justice in 1895 and served until ten days before his death; died in Dunkirk, N. Y., May 20, 1899. Edwards, Henry Waggaman, a Representa- tive and a Senator from Connecticut; born in New Haven, Conn., in October, 1779; was graduated from Princeton college in 1797 ; studied law at the Litchfield law school; admitted to the bar and be- gan practice in New Haven, Conn.; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1823); appointed to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Elijah Boardman; subsequently elected and served from October 8, 1823, to March 3, 1827; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1830, served as speaker, and again 1835- 1838; died in New Haven, Conn., July 22, 1847. Edwards, John, a Senator from Kentucky; born in Stafford county, Va., in 1755; moved to Fayette county, Ky., in 1780; member of the state house of representatives 1781-1783 and 1785; dele- gate to the state convention to ratify the Federal Constitution, June 26, 1788; a delegate in the eight conventions called to define the limits of the new state of Kentucky 1785-1788, and in the con- vention of 1792 that framed the constitution of Kentucky; elected to the United States Senate and served from June 18, 1792, to March 3, 1795; died upon his plantation in Bourbon county, Ky., in 1837. Edwards, John, a Representative from New York; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839). Edwards, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; native of Ivy Mills, Pa.; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); died in Chester, Pa., June 25, 1843. Edwards, John, a Representative from Arkan- sas; born in Louisville, Jefferson County, Ky., October 24, 1805; received a limited schooling; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Indiana, where he served in the state legislature 1845-1849; moved to California, and in 1849 was elected an alcalde; returned to Indiana in 1852, elected to the state senate; moved to Chariton, Iowa, in 1855, member of the state constitutional con- vention; served in the state legislature 1856-1860, the last two years as speaker of the house; appointed lieutenant colonel, May 21, 1861, on the staff of the governor of Iowa, colonel of the eighteenth Iowa infantry August 8, 1862; brigadier general of vol- unteers September 26, 1864; honorably mustered put January 15, 1866; at the close of the war settled in Fort Smith, Ark. ; appointed by President John- son United States assessor of internal revenue and served two years; elected as a Liberal Republican to the Forty-second Congress and served from March 4, 1871, to February 9, 1872, when he was succeeded by Thomas Boles, who contested his election; after leaving Congress located in Wash- ington, D. C.; died in Washington, D. C., April 8, 1894. Edwards, John C., a Representative from Mis- souri; native of Chester, Pa.; completed prepara- tory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Murfreesboro, Tenn., and later in Jefferson City, Mo.; secretary of state 1828- 1837; district judge 1837-1841; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); governor of Missouri 1844- 1848; removed to California and died there in 1888. Edwards, Ninian, a Senator from Illinois; born in Montgomery county, Md., March 17, 1775; was graduated from Dickinson college in 1792; studied law; moved with his parents to Bairdstown, Ky., in 1795, and was elected to the legislature before reaching his majority; admitted to the bar in 1798; elected judge of the general court of Kentucky; elevated to the circuit court in 1803; judge of the court of appeals 1806; and chief justice of the state in 1808; governor of the territory of Illinois 1809- 1818; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from December 3, 1818, to March BIOGRAPHIES. 625 4, 1824, when he resigned; appointed minister to Mexico March 4, 1824, and while on his way was instructed to return and answer charges filed against him by William H. Crawford, Secretary of the Treasury; again elected governor of Illinois, 1826-1831; died in Belleville, 111., July 20, 1833. Edwards, Pierrepont, a Delegate from Con- necticut; born in Northampton, Mass., April 8, 1750; was graduated from Princeton college in 1768; studied law and admitted to the bar; began prac- tice in New Haven, Conn., in 1771; served in the Revolutionary army; when Benedict Arnold was found guilty of treason was made administrator of his estate; served for several years in the state house of representatives; elected to the Continental Congress, 1787-1788; appointed United States dis- trict judge for the district of Connecticut; died in Bridgeport, Conn., April 5, 1826. Edwards, Samuel, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born near Chester, Pa., March 12, 1785; attended the common schools; elected as a Federalist to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eight- eenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1819- March 3, 1827); died in Chester, Pa., November 25, 1850. Edwards, Thomas McKey, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Cheshire county, N. H., December 16, 1795; was graduated from Dartmouth college; studied law, admitted to the bar and practiced ; served several terms in the New Hampshire legislature; presidential elector on the Fremont ticket in 1856; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); died in Keene, N. H., May 1, 1875. Edwards, Thomas O., a Representative from Ohio; native of Maryland; completed preparatory studies; moved to Ohio; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-first Congress. Edwards, Weldon Nathaniel, a Representa- tive from North Carolina; born in Warren county, N. C., in 1788; completed preparatory studies; studied law, and in 1810 admitted to the bar; be- gan practice in Warren ton, N. C.; member of the house of commons 1814 and 1815; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fourteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Nathaniel Macon; re- elected to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, and served from February 7, 1816, to March 3, 1827; elected state senator in 1833, and successively reelected until 1844 ; member of the state constitutional con- vention in 1835; again elected to the state senate in 1850, and chosen its president; president of the state convention in 1861; died in Warren county, N. C., December 18, 1873. Edwards, William Posey, a Representative from Georgia; born in Talbot county, Ga., Novem- ber 9, 1835; was graduated from Collinsworth in- stitute, Talbotton, Ga., in 1856; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1857; member of the state constitutional convention in 1857-1858; served during the Civil war as captain of company F, twenty-seventh Georgia volunteer infantry; sub- sequently promoted to colonel of the regiment; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); resumed the prac- tice of law; died in Butler, Ga., June 28, 1900. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 40 Effner, Valentine, a Representative from New York; born in Schoharie county, N. Y.; completed preparatory studies; member of the state house of representatives in 1829; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837). Egbert, Albert Galltin, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Sandy Lake, Mercer county, Pa., April 13, 1828; completed preparatory studies; engaged in agricultural pursuits; began the study of medicine in 1853 and was graduated in March, 1856; practiced until 1861, when he became interested in manufacturing and farming; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); died in Franklin, Venango county, Pa., March 28, 1895. Egbert, Joseph, a Representative from New York; born in Staten Island, N. Y., April 10, 1807; attended the common schools; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); died in Dongan Hills, N. Y., July 7, 1888. Ege, George, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Brooks county, Pa., March 9, 1748; attended the public schools; elected to the Fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Daniel Heister; reelected to the Fifth Congress and served from December 8, 1796, to October, 1797, when he resigned; died at his residence "Charming Forge," Marion township, Berks county, Pa. Eggleston, Benjamin, a Representative from Ohio; born in Corinth, Saratoga county, N. Y., January 3, 1816; completed preparatory studies; moved to Cincinnati, where he engaged in mer- cantile pursuits; presiding officer of the city council of Cincinnati; served in the Ohio state senate 1862- 1865; elected to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); died in Cincinnati, Ohio, February 9, 1888. Eggleston, Joseph, a Representative from Virginia; born in Amelia county, Va., November 24, 1754; was graduated from the college of William and Mary in 1776; captain and major of Lee's light- horse cavalry in the Revolutionary army; won special distinction in the battle of Guilford Court House, March 15, 1781, and the capture of Augusta, Ga., June 5, 1781; member of the Virginia house of representatives for several years; elected to the Fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of William B. Giles; reelected to the Sixth Congress and served from December 3, 1798, to March 3, 1801; justice of the peace from 1801 until his death in Amelia county, Va., February 13, 181 J. Eickhoff, Anthony, a Representative from New York; born in Westphalia, Germany, Septem- ber 11, 1827; immigrated to America in 1847; located in St. Louis, Mo., and there studied law: became an editor; edited papers in St. Louis, Dubuque, Iowa, Louisville, Ky., and finally in New York in 1852; appointed commissary general of subsistence for the state of New York in 1863; member of the assembly in 1864; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877- Marrh 3, 1879); defeated for reelection; auditor in the United States treasury department; appointed fire commissioner in New York in 1889; reap- pointed in 1891; at the time of his death he was auditor of the fire department; died in New York City, November 5, 1901. 626 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Einstein, Edwin, a Representative from New York; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, November 18, 1842; moved to New York in 1846; received a col- legiate training in the College of the City of New York, and entered Union college, but did not graduate; engaged in mercantile pursuits; elected as a Republican to the Fortv-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); unsuccessful Re- publican candidate for mayor of New York City, 1892; park commissioner in New York, 1895; died in New York City January 24, 1905. Ela, Jacob H., a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Rochester, N. H., July 18, 1820; printer; became engaged in agricultural pur- suits; member of the state legislature 1857-1858; United States marshal from July, 1861, to October, 1866; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867 -March 3, 1871); appointed by President Grant fifth auditor of the treasury. Elam, Joseph Barton, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Hempstead county, Ark., June 12, 1821; moved with his father to Natchitoches, La., in 1826; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Alexandria, La., in October, 1843, and prac- ticed there; served two terms in the legislature from the parish of Sabine previous to his removal to the parish of De Soto in 1851; elected delegate from De Soto parish to the state constitutional con- vention in 1861, and signed the ordinance of seces- sion; elected and served two terms in the legisla- ture, one term as speaker, during the Civil war; reelected in 1865, and served until the passage of the reconstruction legislation by Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); after leaving Congress resumed the practice of law; died in Mansfield, La., July 4, 1885. Eldredge, Charles A., a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Bridport, Vt., February 27, 1821; moved with his parents to New York City; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1846; moved to Wisconsin in 1848, and settled in Fond du Lac ; member of the state senate in 1854 and 1855 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirth-eighth, Thirty- ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1875); died in Fond du Lac, Wis., October 26, 1896. Eldredge, Nathaniel Buel, a Representative froin Michigan; born in Aurelius, N. Y., March 28, 1813; attended the common schools; practiced medicine for fifteen years; then practiced law for twenty years; held several minor offices; clerk of the Michigan senate in 1845; member of the legis- lature in 1848; judge of probate 1852-1856; commis- sioned captain in the Union army in June, 1861, major in August, 1861, and colonel in April, 1862; elected sheriff of Lena wee county, in 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); died in Adrian, Mich., November 27, 1893. Eliot, Samuel Atkins, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., March 5, 1798; was graduated from Harvard college in 1817 and from the divinity school in 1820; mayor of Boston 1837-1839; member of Massachusetts house of representatives 1834-1850; served in the state senate in 1843; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- first Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Robert C. Winthrop, and served from August 22, 1850, to March 3, 1851; eleven years treasurer of Harvard college; died in Cambridge, Mass., January 29, 1862. Eliot, Thomas Dawes, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., March 20, 1808; studied law and was graduated from Colum- bian (now George Washington) college, Washing- ton, D. C., in 1825; was admitted to the bar in 1831 and began practice in New Bedford, Mass.; served in both branches of the state legislature; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Zeno Scudder, and served from April 17, 1854, to March 3, 1855; dele- gate in the Free-Soil convention in. Worcester, Mass., in 1855; declined the nomination of the Republican party for attorney general of Massa- chusetts in 1857; was subsequently elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1869); died in New Bedford, Mass., June 12, 1870. Elkins, Davis, a Senator from West Virginia; born in Washington, D. C., January 24, 1876; at- tended the Lawrenceville and Andover schools, and Harvard college; served in the Spanish- Ameri- can war on the staff of Brig. Gen. Sen wan in Cuba and Porto Rico; assumed charge of the business interests of his father in West Virginia; president of the Morgantown & Kingwood railroad company; the Elkins Coal & Coke company, the Kingwood National bank, of Kingwood, W. Va.; the Union Utility company, of Morgantown, W. Va.; vice president of the Farmers & Merchants' bank, of Morgantown; director of the American National bank, of Washington, D. C., appointed as a Repub- lican to the United States Senate January 9, 1911, to fill vacancy caused by the death of his father, Stephen B. Elkins, and served from January 9, 1911, to January 31, 1911; resumed business activi- ties in Morgantown, W. Va. Elkins, Stephen Benton, a Delegate from the territory of New Mexico, and a Senator from West Virginia; born in Perry county, Ohio, September 26, 1841; attended the public schools of Missouri, and was graduated from the university of that state at Columbia, in the class of 1860; admitted to the bar in 1864, and in the same year went to the Terri- tory of New Mexico, where he acquired a knowl- edge of the Spanish language, and began the prac- tice of law; member of the territorial legislative assembly in 1864 and 1865; held the offices of ter- ritorial district attorney, attorney general, and United States district attorney; elected as a Repub- lican a Delegate to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); member of the Republican national committee for three presidential campaigns; moved to West Virginia, and engaged in business; appointed Secretary of War December 17, 1891, and served until the close of President Harrison's administration; in Febru- ary, 1895, elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; reelected in 1901 and 1907, and served from March 4, 1895, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 5, 1911. Ellerbe, James Edwin, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Sellers, S. C., January 12, 1867; attended Old Pine Hill academy; entered the South Carolina college in October, 1882, where he spent one year; entered W T offord college, in Spar- tanburg, S. C., in October, 1884, spending three vears; graduated in June, 1887; elected to the state legislature in 1894, and in 1895 represented, in part, Marion county in the state constitutional BIOGRAPHIES. 627 convention; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Ellery, Christopher, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Newport, R. I., April 2, 1768; was graduated from Yale college in 1787; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Newport; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Ray Greene and served from May 6, 1801, to March 3, 1805; appointed by President Jefferson United States commissioner of loans in 1806; appointed collector of customs at Newport in 1828; died in Newport, R. I., December 2, 1840. Ellery, William, a Delegate from Rhode Island; born in Newport, R. I., December 22, 1727; was graduated from Harvard college in 1747; deputy governor of Rhode Island, 1748-1749; studied law, and in 1770 admitted to the bar; clerk of a court two years; judge of the county court; Delegate to the Continental Congress in place of Samuel Ward, taking his seat May 14, 1776; one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence; again a Dele- gate 1783-1785; appointed chief justice of Rhode Island in 1785; elected to the Colonial Congress from Rhode Island in 1786; collector of the port at Newport from 1790 until his death in Newport, R. I., February 15, 1820. Ellett, Henry T., a Representative from Mis- sissippi; was appointed postmaster general of the Confederacy in February, 1861, but declined; elected to the Twenty -ninth Congress, to fill vacan- cy caused by the resignation of Jefferson Davis; served from January 26, 1847; to March 3, 1847. Ellett, Tazewell, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Richmond, Va., January 1, 1856; at- tended the private school of John M. Strother until sixteen years old ; cadet in the Virginia military in- stitute, and was graduated from that institution in 1876; studied law in the University of Virginia, and was graduated with the degree of LL. B. in 1878; practiced law in Richmond; several years a mem- ber of the board of visitors of the Virginia military institute; presidential elector in 1888 on the Demo- cratic ticket; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); resumed the practice of law in Richmond, Va., and New York City. Ellicott, Benjamin, a Representative from New York; born at Elliots Mills near Baltimore, Md., 1764; one of the first three justices to hold court in Batavia, N. Y.; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); died in Williamsville, Erie county, N. Y., 1827. Elliott, James, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Gloucester, Mass., August 9, 1775; attended the public schools; moved to Guilford, Vt., in 1790; sergeant in the Indian war of 1793; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1803, and began practice in Brattleboro, Vt.; held several local offices; elected as a Federalist to the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1809); published a paper in Philadelphia, Pa., on his retirement from Congress; served in the war of 1812 for a short time; returned to Brattleboro, V r t., and practiced law; representative in the state ' legislature 1818-1 8] 9; removed to Newfane, was appointed register of the probate court; was state attorney of Windham . county in 1877-1878; and again served in the legislature 1837-1838; died in Newfane, Vt., November 10, 1839. Elliott, James Thomas, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Monroe county, Ga., April 22, 1823; pursued an academic course; studied law, and in 1854 admitted to the bar; began practice in Camden, Ark., 1845; elected circuit judge in 1866; in 1867 established and edited the South Arkansas Journal; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Hinds and served from January 13, 1869, to March 3, 1869; elected to the state senate in 1870; appointed judge of the ninth judicial district in 1872, and served until the adoption of the state constitution in 1874; died in Camden, Ark., July 28, 1875. Elliott, John, a Senator from Georgia; born in Liberty county, Ga., October 24, 1773; was grad- uated from Yale college in 1794; studied law, and began practice in Sunbury, Liberty county, Ga., in 1797; held several local offices; elected United States Senator, and served from March 4, 1819, to March 3, 1825; died in Spnbury, Ga., August 9, 1827. Elliott, John M., a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Scott county, Va., May 16, 1820; moved to Kentucky and attended public schools; studied law and admitted to the bar; began prac- tice in 1843; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1847; elected to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859); representative from Ken- tucky to the First and Second Confederate Con- gresses; died March 26, 1879. Elliott, Mortimer Francis, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Wellsboro, Tioga coun- ty, Pa., September 24, 1841; was prepared for col- lege in Wellsboro academy, and attended Alfred university, Allegheny county, Pa., three years; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1864; member of the convention to revise the constitu- tion of Pennsylvania in 1873; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883- March 3, 1885); defeated for reelection. Elliott, Robert Brown, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Boston, Mass., August 11, 1842; attended High Hollow academy, in London, England, in 1853; was graduated from Eton college, in England, in 1859; studied law and was admitted to the bar; returned to the United States and prac- ticed in Columbia, S. C.; member of the South Carolina state constitutional convention in 1868; member of the state house of representatives from July 6, 1868, to October 23, 1870; assistant adjutant general 1869-1871; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second Congress, and served from March 4, 1871, to January, 1873, when he resigned; reelected to the Forty-third Congress, and served from March 4, 1873, to November, 1874, when he resigned, hav- ing been elected sheriff; speaker of the house of representatives in the legislature in 1875-1876; elected attorney general of South Carolina, 1876; moved to New Orleans, La., in 1877, and practiced law until his death in that city in August 9, 1884. Elliott, William, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Beaufort, S. C., September 3, 1838; attended Beaufort college; entered Harvard university in 1854, but before graduating entered the University of Virginia and studied law; ad- mitted to the bar in Charleston, S. C., in April, 1861; entered the Confederate service; served as an 628 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. officer throughout the war; elected a member of the legislature and intendant of Beaufort in 1866; delegate to the national Democratic convention at St. Louis in 1876; Democratic presidential elector for the state at large in 1880; Democratic candidate for Congress in 1884, but defeated; elected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1887, to September 23, 1890, when he was succeeded by Thomas E. Miller, who contested his election to the Fifty-first Congress; reelected to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); was given the certificate of election to the Fifty-fourth Congress, but was unseated June 4, 1896, and seat was given to George W. Murray, who contested the election; elected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1903); died in Beaufort, S. C., in November, 1908. Ellis, Caleb, a Representative from New Hamp- shire; born in Walpole, Mass., April 16, 1767; was graduated from Harvard college in 1793; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to New- port, N. H., and then to Claremont; elected to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807); member of the New Hampshire house of represent- atives 1803; governor's council 1809-1810; elected state senator 1811; elector on the Clinton and In- gersoll ticket in 1813; appointed judge of the supe- rior court of New Hampshire same year, which office he held until his death in Claremont, N. H., May 6, 1816. Ellis, Chesselden, a Representative from New York; native of New York; completed preparatory studies; district attorney of Saratoga county 1837- 1843; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); defeated for the Twenty-ninth Congress. Ellis, Edgar Clarence, a Representative from Missouri; born in Vermontville, Mich., October 2, 1854; attended Olivet college, Michigan, and later received the degree of A. B. from Carleton col- lege, Minnesota, in which latter institution he was an instructor in Latin for one year; afterwards su- perintendent of public schools, Fergus Falls, Minn., 1881-1884; was admitted to practice law in Beloit, Kans., in 1885; practiced in Kansas three years, and then moved to Kansas City; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of law in Kansas City, Mo. Ellis, Ezikiel John, a Representative from Lou- isiana; born in Covington, La., October 15, 1841; at- tended the schools of Clinton, La., and Centenary college, Jackson, La., 1855-1858; was graduated from the law department of the University of Lou- isiana in March, 1861; joined the Confederate army and served throughout the war; admitted to the bar of Louisiana in 1866 and practiced in Coving- ton, La. ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty- eighth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1885); died April 29, 1889. Ellis, Powhatan, a Senator from Mississippi; born in "Red Hill," Amherst county, Va., Janu- ary 17, 1790; attended Washington college, Va., and was graduated from Dickinson college. Pa., in September, 1810; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Lynchburg, Va., until April 1816, when he moved to Natchez, Miss., and engaged in the practice of law; elect- ed a judge of the state supreme court in 1823; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of David Holmes, and served from September 28, 1825, to January 28, 1826; again elected, and served from March 4, 1827, to July 16, 1832, when he re- signed to become judge of the United States court and served from 1882-1836; appointed by President Jackson charge d'affaires of the United States to Mexico January 5, 1836, and closed the legation December 28, 1836; United States minister pleni- potentiary to Mexico February 15, 1839, to April 21, 1842; died in Richmond, Va., March 18, 1863. Ellis, William Cox, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Fort Muncy, Pa., May 5, 1787; attended public schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected as a Federalist to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); elected to state legislature 1825-1826; re- sumed the practice of law; died in Muncy, Pa., December 13, 1871. Ellis, William. Russell, a Representative from Oregon; born near Waveland, Montgomery county, Ind., April 23, 1850; moved to Guthrie county, Iowa, in 1855; attended the Iowa state agricultural college at Ames; was graduated from the law de- partment of the Iowa state university at Iowa City in June, 1874; began practice in Paiiora, Iowa; served as mayor; moved to Hamburg, Iowa, and practiced law and also engaged in newspaper work; city attorney and mayor; went west in 1883, set- tled in Heppner, Oreg., in 1884; county superin- tendent of schools of Morrow county one term; district attorney of the Seventh judicial district of Oregon three terms; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1899); circuit judge of the Sixth judicial district of Oregon for six years until July 1, 1906; elected to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911); re- sumed the practice of law in Pendleton, Oreg. Ellis, William Tecumseh, a Representative from Kentucky; born near Knottsville, Ky., July 24, 1845; attended the common schools; en- listed in 1861 in the first Kentucky Confederate cavalry at the age of sixteen and served with his regiment continuously until April 21, 1865; at- tended Pleasant Valley seminary, Daviess county; studied law and was admitted to practice in 1868; entered the senior law class at Harvard in 1869; engaged in the practice of law in Owensboro, Ky., in 1870; elected county attorney in 1870 and 1874; presidential elector in 1876; defeated for Congress in 1886; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1895); after leaving Congress re- sumed the practice of law in Owensboro, Ky. Ellison, Andrew, a Representative from Ohio; born in Ireland; emigrated to the United States and located in Georgetown, Ohio; attended the public schools; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Ellsberry, William Wallace, a Representative from Ohio; bom in New Hope, Brown county, Ohio, December 18, 1833; attended the public schools of Brown county and a private academy in Clermount county; taught school two years; began the study of medicine with his father; attended medical lectures and was graduated from the Cin- cinnati college of medicine and surgery, and later from the Ohio medical college; continued the BIOGKAPHIES. 629 practice of his profession until his election to Con- gress; appointed superintendent of the central insane asylum at Columbus in 1878, but declined to serve; chosen three times county auditor; at the outbreak of the war he was one of the county mili- tary board; delegate to the national Democratic convention which nominated Hancock in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); died in Georgetown, Ohio, September 7, 1894. Ellsworth, Charles Clinton, a Representative from Michigan; born in West Berkshire, Vt., Jan- uary 29, 1824; was elected to the Michigan legisla- ture 1852; served in the Union army as paymaster 1862; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); died in Greenville, Mich., June 24, 1899. Ellsworth, Oliver, Delegate and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Windsor, Conn., April 29, 1745; attended Yale college and was graduated from Princeton college in 1766; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1771: began practice in Wind- sor; removed to Hartford, Conn., in 1775; appointed state attorney ; representative in the general assem- bly in 1775-1776; Delegate to the Continental Con- gress in 1777-1784; executive councilor 1780-1784; judge of the Connecticut supreme court 1784-1789; delegate to the convention which framed the Fed- eral constitution in 1787; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 8, 1796, when he resigned; ap- pointed chief justice of the supreme court of the United States in 1796; appointed envoy extraor- dinary to France to negotiate a treaty and served until November 3, 1799; spent two winters in England and in the spring of 1801 retired from the supreme bench; died in Windsor, Conn., Novem- ber 26, 1807. Ellsworth, Samuel Stewart, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Pownal, Vt., October 13, 1790; attended the common schools; moved to Penn Yan, N. Y.; judge of Yates county 1828- 1833; served in the New York legislature in 1840; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); died in Penn Yan, N. Y., June 4, 1863. Ellsworth, William Wolcott, a Representa- tive from Connecticut; born in Windsor, Conn., November 10, 1791; was graduated from Yale col- lege in 1810; studied law in Litchfield, Conn., and was admitted to the bar in 1813; professor of law at Trinity college, Hartford; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1829, to July 8, 1834, when he resigned; governor of Connecticut 1834-1842; judge of the state supreme court from 1847 to 1861, when, by the constitutional provision, he was compelled to retire; declined twice an election to the United States Senate; died in Hart- ford, Conn., January 15, Ellwood, Reuben, a Representative from New York; born in Montgomery county. N. Y., Feb- ruary 21, 1821; attended Cherry Valley academy, New York; manufacturer of agricultural imple- ments; member of the New York state house of representatives in 1851'; moved to Sycamore, 111., about 1854; elected as a Republican to the Forty- eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883- March 3, 1887); died in Sycamore, 111., July 1. 1885. Elmendorf, Lucas, a Representative from New York; born in Kingston, N. Y., in 1768; was grad- uated from Princeton college in 1782; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected to the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses (March 4, 1797- March 3, 1803); member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1804-1805, and of the state senate 1814- 1817; died in Kingston, N. Y., August 17, 1843. Elmer, Ebenezer, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Cedarville, N. J., in 1752; pursued an academic course; studied medicine and prac- ticed in Cedarville; served in the Revolutionary army as surgeon; practiced medicine in Bridgeton, N. J. ; member of the state house of representatives 1789-1795, serving as speaker in 1791 and 1795; elected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1807); collector of customs at Bridgeton; served in the war of 1812; vice president of the Burlington college 1808-1817 and 1822-1832; died in Bridgeton, N. J., October 18, 1843. Elmer, Jonathan, a Delegate and a Senator from New Jersey; born in Cedarville, Cumberland county, N. J., November 29, 1745; completed pre- paratory studies; studied medicine and was grad- uated from the first medical class of the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania in 1768 ; Delegate to the Conti- nental Congress 1776-1778, 1781-1784, and 1787- 1788; high sheriff and afterwards surrogate of Cum- berland county; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791; died in Bridgeton, N. J., September 3, 1807. Elmer, Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus, a Rep- resentative from New Jersey; born in Bridgeton, N. J., February 3, 1793; was graduated from Prince- ton college; studied~law and admitted to the bar in 1815 ; began practicing in Bridgeton, N . J . ; served several years as prosecuting attorney; member of the state house 01 representatives 1820-1823, serv- ing the last year as speaker; United States district attorney for the district of New Jersey 1824-1829; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); defeated for reelection; appointed attorney general of New Jersey in 1850; justice of the state supreme court 1850-1852 and in 1859; retired in 1870; died in Bridgeton, N. J., March 11, 1883. Elmore, Franklin Harper, a Representative and a Senator from South Carolina; born in Lau- rens district, S. C., January 16, 1790; was grad- uated from the South Carolina college in 1819; studied law, and in 1821 admitted to the bar; began practice in Walterboro, S. C.; was solici- tor for the southern circuit 1822-1836; colonel on the staff of Gov. Manning 1824-1826; elected as a States Rights Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress, to fill a vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of James H. Hammond; reelected to the Twenty-fifth Congress and served from December 19, 1836, to March 3, 1839; president of the bank of the state of South Carolina, 1839-1850; declined appointment as minister to Great Britain ; appointed to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of John C. Calhoun, and served from April 11, 1850, until his death in Washington, May 29, 1850. Elvins, Politte, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in St. Francois county, Mo., March 16, 1878; attended the public schools, and was gradu- ated from Carl ton college; studied law, was gradu- 630 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. ated from the law department of the University of Missouri in 1899, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Elvins, Mo.; Republican presidential elector in 1904; elected as a Republi- can to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909- March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Elvins, Mo.; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1912. Ely, Alfred, a Representative from New York; born in Lyme, New London county, Conn., Feb- ruary 15, 1815; completed preparatory studies; moved to Rochester, N. Y., in 1835; studied law, and in 1841 was admitted to the bar; began prac- tice in Rochester; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); witnessed the battle of Bull Run, and taken a prisoner by the Confederates, and imprisoned in Richmond for nearly six months; died in Rochester, N. Y., May 18, 1892. Ely, Frederick David, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Wrentham, Norfolk county, Mass., September 24, 1838; attended Day's acad- emy, Wrentham, and was graduated from Brown university in 1859; studied law, and was admitted .to practice in 1862; trial justice from 1867 to March 3, 1885; member of the state house of representa- tives of Massachusetts in 1873, and of the state sen- ate, 1878-1879; member of the school committee of Dedham, 1882-1885; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); resumed the practice of law after leaving Congress; justice municipal court of Boston, 1888- 1911. Ely, John, a Representative from New York; native of Connecticut; completed preparatory studies; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1806 and 1812; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841). Ely, Smith, jr., a Representative from New York; born in Hanover, N. J., April 17, 1825; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1846; never practiced his profession; became engaged in mercantile pursuits in New York; elected school trustee in 1856, state senator in 1857, and county supervisor in 1860, retaining the latter office until 1870, when it was abolished; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) reelected to the Forty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1875, to December 12, 1876, when he resigned, having been elected mayor of New York City. Ely, William, a Representative from Massachu- setts; born in Longmeadow, Mass., January 7, 1762; was graduated from Yale college in 1787; member of house of Representatives 1801-1804; elected as a Federalist to the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1815); died in Springfield, 111., October 9, 1817. Embree, Elisha, a Representative from Indi- ana; born in Lincoln county, Ky., September 28, 1801; moved with his father to Indiana in 1811; attended the public schools ; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar, and began practice in Princeton, Ind. : circuit judge, 1835-1845; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); defeated for the Thirty-first Congress; died in Princeton, Ind., February 28, 1863. Emerich, Martin, a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Baltimore, Md., April 27, 1847; at- tended public schools; engaged in the importing business; in 1870 appointed ward commissioner of the poor of Baltimore, and in 1879 elected a mem- ber of the state legislature; moved to Chicago, 111., in 1887; interested in manufacturing; county com- missioner in 1892; elected South Chicago assessor in 1901; elected to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905). Emerson, Louis Woodard, a Representative from New York; born in Warrensburg, N. Y., July 25, 1857; attended Warrensburg academy; engaged in the banking and manufacturing business; state senator for two terms, commencing 1891; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903); engaged in the banking and manufacturing busi- ness in Warrensburg, N. Y. Emott, James, a Representative from New York; born in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., March 9, 1771; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Pough- keepsie; moved to Albany, N. Y., in 1800; mem- ber of the state assembly from Albany county in 1804, and served as speaker; elected as a Federalist to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1813); member of the state house of representatives from Dutchess county 1814-1817, and was speaker the first year; judge of the court of common pleas of Dutchess county from April 8, 1817, to February 3, 1823; appointed judge for the second judicial circuit February 21, 1827, and held that office until February, 1831, when he retired; died in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., April 7, 1850. Emrie, Jonas Reece, a Representative from Ohio; born in Hillsboro, Highland county, Ohio, April 24, 1812; member of Ohio state senate 1847- 1848; probate judge Hyland county 1851-1854; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); died in Mound City, 111., June 5, 1869. Englebright, William F. , a Representative from California; born in New Bedford, Mass., November 23, 1855; moved with hia parents to Vallejo, Cal.; attended public schools; entered the service of the United States at the navy yard, Mare Island, as joiner's apprentice, and completed his studies in engineering; established himself in Nevada City as a mining engineer; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of James N. Gillett; reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses and served from January 3, 1907, to March 3, 1911. English, James Edward, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in New Haven, Conn., March 13, 1812; attended the public schools: a dealer in lumber, a banker, and manufacturer; member of the state house of representatives in 1855 and of the state senate 1856-1858; declined a reelec- tion; defeated as a candidate for lieutenant gov- ernor in 1860; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1865); elected governor in 1867; reelected in 1868; defeated in 1869 and again in 1870; again elected to the state house of representa- tives ; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy occasioned by the death of Orris S. Ferry, and served from November 27, 1875, to May 17, 1876; died in New Haven, Conn., March 2, 1890. BIOGRAPHIES. 631 English, Thomas Dunn, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Philadelphia, Pa., June 29 1819; attended the Friends academy, Burlington, N. J., and was graduated from the medical depart- ment of the University of Pennsylvania in 1839, and was also admitted to the Philadelphia bar in 1842, but mainly pursued journalism; wrote the poem "Ben Bolt" in 1843; moved to Virginia in 1852; prominent opponent of Knownothingism ; moved to New York City in 1857, and to Newark, N. J., a year later; in 1863-1864 served in the New Jersey legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); died in Newark, N. J., April 1, 1902. English, Warren B., a Representative from California; born in Charlestown, Va., May 1, 1846; attended the public schools and Charlestown acad- amy until June, 1861; served in the Confederate army; moved to Oakland, Cal., and attended the California military academy; elected member of the board of supervisors of Contra Costa county in 1877 and served four years; elected state senator in 1882; delegate to the national Democratic con- vention at Chicago in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); engaged in the real estate business in Oakland, Cal. English, William Eastin, a Representative from Indiana; born jn Lexington, Scott county, Ind., November 3, 1851; moved to Indianapolis at an early age; was graduated from the law depart- ment of the Northwestern university and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1872; member of the state house of representatives in 1878; successfully contested as a Democrat the election Stanton J. Peelle to the Forty-eighth Congress, and served from May 22, 1884, to March 4, 1885; declined a renomina- tion, and resumed business in Indianapolis; served as captain and aid de camp upon the staff of Gen. Joseph Wheeler in Spanish war; president of the board of park commissioners; president of the board of police and fire commissioners ; president of the board of safety; unsuccessful candidate for the state senate in 1908 and 1910, delegate to the Re- publican national convention in 1912; a resident of Indianapolis, Ind., and engaged in the practice of law. English., William Hayden, a Representative from Indiana; born in Lexington, Scott county, Ind., August 27, 1822; pursued classical studies in the University of Hanover; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1846, and practiced ; princi- pal clerk of the state house of representatives in 1843; clerk in the Treasury Department at Wash- ington 1844-1848; secretary of the Indiana consti- tutional convention in 1850; speaker of the Indi- ana house of representatives 1851 ; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, Thirty- fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1853- March 3, 1861); unsuccessful candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1880; died in his home in Indianapolis, Ind., February 7, 1896. Enloe, Benjamin Augustine, a Representa- tive from Tennessee; born near Clarksburg, Carroll county, Tenn., January 18, 1848; attended public schools and Bethel college, McKenzie, Tenn., and the Cumberland university at Lebanon, Tenn. ; while a student at the latter institution elected a member of the state house of representatives; re- elected under the new constitution in 1870; was I graduated from the law department of Cumberland ! university in 1872; delegate to the national Demo- cratic convention at Baltimore in 1872; appointed a commissioner by Governor Marks in 1878 to nego- tiate a settlement of the state debt; served on the state executive committee 1878-1880; delegate to the national Democratic convention at Cincinnati in 1880; edited the Jackson Tribune and Sun 1874- 1886; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty- first, Fifty-second, and Fifty- third Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1895). Enochs, William Henry, a Representative from Ohio; born near Middleburg, Noble county, Ohio, March 29, 1842; brought up on farm; attended the common schools; served through late war as private, corporal, sergeant, lieutenant, captain, lieutenant colonel, colonel, and brevet brigadier general; was graduated from the Cincinnati law school 1866; was admitted to the bar and engaged in the practice of law; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1891, until his death in Ironton, Lawrence county, Ohio, July 13, 1893. Epes, James Fletcher, a Representative from Virginia; born in Nottoway county, Va., May 23, 1842; attended the primary and private schools and the University of Virginia; served in the Confeder- ate army 1861-1865; was graduated from the law department of Washington and Lee university in 1867; was admitted to the bar and practiced law in Blackstone, Va.; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); retired to his plantation, "The Old Place," in Nottoway county, Va. Epes, Sydney Parham, a Representative from Virginia; born in Nottoway county, Va., August 20, 1865; moved with his parents to Kentucky, where he pursued an academic course; returned to Vir- ginia in 1884 and edited and published a Demo- cratic newspaper for a number of years; member of the Democratic state central committee, and chair- man of the fourth Congressional district committee; elected in 1891 a member of the general assembly; register of the land office 1895-1897; presented cre- dentials as the Member-elect in the Fifty-fifth Congress and served from March 4, 1897, until March 23, 1898, when he was succeeded by Robert T. Thorp, who contested his election; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress and served from March 4, 1899, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 3, 1900. Eppes, John Wayles, a Representative and a Senator from Virginia; born in Virginia in 1773; pursued an academic course; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1794, and practiced in Rich- mond, Va.; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1811); reelected (March 4, 1813- March 3, 1815) ; elected to the United States Senate; served from March 4, 1817, to April, 1819, when he resigned on account of failing health; retired to his farm in Chesterfield county, Va., where he died September 20, 1823. Erdman, Constantine Jacob, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Center Valley, Lehigh county, Pa., September 4, 1846; attended the common schools of the district and a classical school in Quakertown; entered Pennsylvania college, Gettysburg, in 1861, and was graduated in 1865; read law and was admitted to the bar of Lehigh in 1867; practiced in Allentown, Pa. ; elected district attorney in 1874; elected as a Democrat to 632 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); died in Allentown, Pa., January 15, 1911. Erdman, Jacob, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; native of Pennsylvania; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); died in Coopersburg, Pa., July 20, 1867. Ermentrput, Daniel, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Reading, Pa., January 24, 1837; attended the public and classical schools of his native city, Franklin and Marshall college, Lancaster and Elmwood institutes, Norristown, Pa., studied law and was admitted to practice in August, 1859; elected district attorney for three years in 1862; solicitor for the city of Reading 1867- 1870; elected to the state senate in 1873 for a term of three years, and reelected in 1876 for four years; member of the board of school control of Reading for many years; appointed in October, 1877, by Governor Hartranft, a member of the Pennsylvania statuary commission; several times chosen chairman of the standing committee of Berks county, and delegate to various Democratic state conventions; delegate to the national Democratic convention at Cincinnati in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1889), and reelected to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses, and served until his death, September 17, 1899. Errett, Russell, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in New York City November 10, 1817; self-instructed; moved to Pittsburgh, Pa., in 1829; by profession an editor; elected comptroller of Pittsburgh in 1860; served as clerk of the Penn- sylvania senate 1860-1861 and 1872-1876; appointed additional paymaster in the United States Army in 1861, and served until mustered out in 1866; elected to the state senate of Pennsylvania in 1867 ; appointed assessor of internal revenue in 1869, and served until 1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); defeated for reelection; appointed by President Arthur United States pension agent at Pittsburgh in 1883, which position he held until May, 1887; died in Carnegie, Pa., April 7, 1891. Eryin, James, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Williamsburg District, S. C., October 17, 1778; was graduated from Brown uni- versity in 1797; studied law, and in 1800 admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representa- tives 1800-1804; solicitor of the northern judicial circuit 1804-1816; trustee of the South Carolina college 1809-1817; elected as a protectionist to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817- March 3, 1821); declined reelection on account of failing health; died near Darlington, S. C., July 7, 1841. Esch, John Jacob, a Representative from Wis- consin; born near Norwalk, Monroe county, Wis., March 20, 1861; parents moved to Milwaukee in 1865 and five years later to Sparta, Wis., and gradu- ated from the Sparta high school; was graduated from the State university at Madison in 1882 and from the law department in 1887; practiced in Sparta; city treasurer in 1885; in January, 1894, commissioned acting judge advocate general, with the rank of colonel, by Gov. W. H. Upham, and held the office two years; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Estabropk, Experience, a Delegate from the Territory of Nebraska; a resident of Omaha; pre- sented credentials as a Delegate-elect to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1859, to May 18, 1860, when he was unseated after a contest with Samuel G. Daily. Estil, Benjamin, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of Washington county, Va.; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Arlington; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3. 1827). Estopinal, Albert, a Representative from Lou- isiana; born in the parish of St. Bernard, La., Janu- ary 30, 1845; attended the public schools of the parish and of New Orleans and also private schools; elected sheriff of St. Bernard Parish in 1872 and 1874; elected to the state house of representatives in 1876 and 1878; member of the constitutional con- vention of 1879; elected to the state senate in 1880 and served continuously in that body until 1900, when he was elected lieutenant-governor and served four years; member of the state constitu- tional convention of 1898; left school in January, 1862, to enlist in the Confederate army, in which he served until March, 1865; elected to the Sixtieth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Adolph Meyer, and reelected to the Sixty-first Congress; served from December 7, 1908, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Esty, Constantino Canaris, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Framingham, Mass., December 26, 1824; was graduated from Yale col- lege in 1845; studied law, was admitted to the bar December 2, 1847, and began practice in Framing- ham, Mass.; member of the state senate 1857-1858; appointed assessor of internal revenue in 1862 by President Lincoln; was removed for political rea- sons by President Johnson in 1866; served in the state house of representatives in 1867; reappointed by President Johnson as assessor of internal revenue in 1867; resigned in 1872; elected as a Republican tot he Forty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George M. Brooks, and served from December 2, 1872, to March 3, 1873; engaged in the practice of law in Framingham, Mass., until his death, December 27. 1912. Etheridge, Emerson, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Currituck, N. C., September 28, 1819; moved to Tennessee in 1831; completed pre- paratory studies; studied law, and in 1840 was ad' mitted to the bar, and practiced in Dresden, Tenn.; member of the state house of representatives 1845- 1847; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857); defeated for the Thirty-fifth Congress; again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); clerk of the National House of Representatives 1861-1863; member of the state senate 1869-1870; defeated for governor in 1867; surveyor of customs in Memphis 1891-1894; died in 1902. Eustis, George, jr., a Representative from Louisiana; born in New Orleans, La., September 28, 1828; was graduated from the Jefferson college BIOGRAPHIES. 633 of Louisiana and attended Howard University; admitted to the bar and began practice in New Orleans; elected as an American to the Thirty- fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855- March 3, 1859); secretary of the Confederate lega- tion at Paris; secretary to John Slid ell and was taken prisoner with him from the Trent in Havana in 1861 ; remained in Paris after the close of the war; commissioned by Elihu B. Washburne, the minister at Paris, to negotiate a postal treaty with the French government; died in Cannes, France, March 15, 1872. Eustis, James Biddle, a Senator from Louisi- ana; born in New Orleans August 27, 1834; pursued classical studies; attended the Harvard law school 1853-1854; admitted to the bar in 1856, and prac- ticed in New Orleans; entered the Confederate serv- ice at the commencement of hostilities as judge- advocate on the staff of General Magruder and trans- ferred to the staff of Gen . Joseph E . Johnston ; served until the close of the war; resumed practice in New Orleans; elected a member of the state legislature prior to the reconstruction acts; one of the commit- tee sent to Washington to confer with President Johnson on Louisiana affairs; member of the state house of representatives in 1872; state senator 1874- 1878; elected to the United States Senate in 1875; credentials were presented in the special session of that year, and after a contest was seated Decem- ber 10, 1875, service to date from January 12, 1876; served until March 3, 1879; professor of civil law in the University of Louisiana; again elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat, and served from March 4, 1885, to March 3, 1891; practiced law in Washington, D. C., in 1891; ambassador to France 1893-3897; located in New York City; died in Newport, R. I., September 9, 1899. Eustis, William, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Cambridge, Mass., June 10, 1753; was graduated from Harvard college in 1772; studied medicine, and served in the Revolution- ary army as surgeon; resumed practice in Boston; accompanied the expedition, and as a surgeon, sent to suppress Shay's rebellion 1786-1787; representa- tive in the state legislature 1788-1794; elected as a Democrat to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1805); Secretary of War from March 7, 1809, to January 19, 1813; minister to the Netherlands December 19, 1814, to May 5, 1818; again elected to the Sixteenth and Seven- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); elected governor of Massachusetts in 1823, and served until his death, in Boston, February 6, 1825. Evans, Alexander, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Elkton, Md.; attended the public schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Elkton in 1845; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1853); died December 6, 1888. Evans, Alvin, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Ebensburg, Cambria county, Pa., October 4, 1845; attended the public schools of his native county; studied law, was admitted to the bar June 3, 1873; and practiced law in the several courts of Cambria county, the superior and supreme courts of the state, and the federal courts; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905); died in Ebensburg, Pa., June 19, 1906. Evans, David E,., a Representative from South Carolina; born in Westminster, England, February 20, 1769; came with his father to South Carolina in 1784; attended Mount Zion college; studied law and in 1796 was admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representatives 1800-1804; solicitor of the middle judicial circuit 1804-1811; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); declined a reelection and re- turned to his plantation; member of the state sen- ate 1818-1826; died March 8, 1843. Evans, George, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Maine; born in Hallowell, Mass, (after- wards Maine), January 12, 1797; was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1815; studied law, and in 1818 was admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representatives, and served as speaker in 1829; elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1829-Marcb. 3, 1841); elected as a Whig to the United States Sen- ate and served from March 4, 1841, until March 3, 1847 j defeated for reelection; member of the com- mission to ascertain the claims against Mexico 1849- 1850; elected attorney general of Maine in 1850, 1854, and 1856; died in Hallowell, Me., April 5, 1867. Evans, Henry Clay, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Juniata county, Pa., June 18, 1843; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course; manufacturer; enlisted in the forty-first Wisconsin infantry during the civil war; located in Chattanooga, Tenn., in 1870; twice elected mayor; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); Assistant Postmaster General, 1891-1893; elected governor of Tennessee in 1894 on the face of the re- turns, but a legislative recount rejected certain votes and declared Turney elected; United States pension commissioner March 31, 1897, to May, 1902; appointed United States consul general to London, England, May 9, 1902, retiring in 1905; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1892, 1896, 1900, 1904, 1808, and 1912. Evans, Isaac Newton, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in East Nantmeal township, Chester county, Pa., July 29, 1827; pursued an aca- demic course; studied medicine; was graduated from the medical department of Bowdoin college, Mainej in 1851, and Jefferson college, of Philadel- phia ; in 1852; member of the Pennsylvania state medical society and the American medical associ- ation; president of the Hatboro national bank; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879), and reelected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887). Evans, James La Fayette, a Representative from Indiana; born in Hamson county, Ky., March 27, 1825; attended the public schools; moved to In- diana and located in Hancock county in 1837; moved to Hamilton county, Ind., and located in Noblesville in 1850; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in Noblesville, Ind., March 28, 1903. Evans, John, a Delegate from Delaware; sat in the Continental Congress 1776-1777; was justice of the supreme court of Pennsylvania; died Decem- ber 11, 1783. 634 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Evans, Jr., Joshua, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Paoli Hotel, Chester county, Pa., January 20, 1877; attended the public schools; brigader general of state militia; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833); died in Paoli Hotel, Chester county, Pa., October 21, 1846. Evans, Josiah James, a Senator from South Carolina; born in Marlboro District, S. C., Novem- ber 27, 1786; was graduated in 1808 from South Carolina college; studied law, and in 1811 began practice in Marlboro District; member of the state house of representatives 1812-1813; moved to Darlington District in 1816, and again elected a member of the state house of representatives; state solicitor for the northern district 1816-1829; circuit judge 1829-1835, and of the higher court 1829-1852; elected as a State Rights Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1853, until his death in Washington, D. C., May 6, 1858. Evans, Lemuel Dale, a Representative from Texas; born in Tennessee in 1810; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Marshall, Tex., in 1843, where he practiced law; member of the state convention that annexed the state of Texas to the Union in 1845; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); defeated for reelection; member of the re- construction convention of 1868; appointed asso- ciate justice of the supreme court in 1870 and resigned in 1873; appointed United States marshal for the eastern judicial district of Texas in 1875; died in Washington, D. C., July 1, 1877. Evans, Nathan, a Representative from Ohio; born in Belmont county, Ohio, June 24, 1804; completed preparatory studies; studied law, and in 1831 was admitted to the bar; began practice in Cambridge, Ohio; prosecuting attorney for Guern- sey county 1842-1846; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); resumed practice in Cam- bridge, Ohio. Evans, Thomas, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of Virginia; attended the public schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1801). Evans, Walter, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Barren county, Ky., September 18, 1842; attended school in Harrodsburg, Ky.; served in the Union army 1861-1863; studied law and was admitted to the bar of Christian county, Ky., in 1864; elected to the lower house of the state legislature in 1871 and to the senate in 1874; delegate to the Republican national conventions in 1868, 1872, 1880, and 1884; moved to Louisville, Ky., in 1874; Republican nominee for governor in 1879; on May 21, 1883, appointed by Presi- dent Arthur Commissioner of Internal Revenue and served until April 20, 1885, when he returned to Louisville and resumed the practice of law; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); appointed judge of the district court of the United States for the district of Kentucky, by President McKinley, March 4, 1899, which office he still holds and resides in Louisville, Ky. Evarts, William Maxwell, a Senator from New York; born in Boston, Mas.*., February 6, 1818; pur- sued an academic course; was graduated from Yale college in 1837; was one of the four founders of the Yale Literary Magazine in 1836; studied in the Harvard law school, and was admitted to the bar in New York City in 1841, and practiced; was assistant United States district attorney 1849-1853; chairman of the New York delegation to the Re- publican national convention of 1860; member of the state constitutional convention of 1867-1868; Attorney General of the United States from July 15, 1868, to March 3, 1869; counsel for President Johnson on his trial upon his impeachment in 1868; counsel for the United States before the tribunal of arbitration on the Alabama claims at Geneva, Switzerland, in 1872; counsel for Presi- dent Hayes, in behalf of the Republican party, before the electoral commission; Secretary of State of the United States from March 12, 1877, to March 3, 1881; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1885, to March 3, 1891; died in New York City February 28, 1901. Eveleigh, Nicholas, a Delegate from South Carolina; sat in the Continental Congress 1781-1782. Everett, Edward, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Massachusetts; born in Dorchester, Mass., April 11, 1794; was graduated from Harvard col- lege in 1811; tutor in Harvard 1812-1814; studied theology, and was ordained pastor of the Brattle street Unitarian church, Boston, February 9, 1814; elected professor of Greek literature in Harvard in 1814, and served as such 1819-1826; elected as a Whig to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty- third Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1835) ; declined areelection; governor of Massachusetts 1836-1840; declined a commission to China 1843; minister to Great Brit- ain September 13, 1841, to August 8, 1845; elected president of Harvard college and served from 1846 to 1849; appointed Secretary of State under Presi- dent Fillmore to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Daniel Webster, and served from Novem- ber 6, 1852, to March 3, 1853; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1853, to May 17, 1854, when he resigned; defeated as the American compromise candidate for Vice Presi- dent in 1860 on the ticket headed by John Bell; presidential elector in 1864 on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket; died in Boston, January 15, 1865. Everett, Horace, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Foxboro, Mass., July 17, 1779; was graduated from Brown university in 1797; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Windsor, Vt.; prosecuting attorney for Windsor county, 1813-1817; member of the state house of representatives 1820-1822 and again in 1834; dele- gate to the state constitutional convention in 1828; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-first, Twenty- second, Twenty-third', Twenty-fourth, Twenty- fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1843); died in Windsor, Vt., January 30, 1851. Everett, Robert William, a Representative from Georgia; born near the village of Hayneville, Houston county, Ga., March 3, 1839; attended the village schools; was graduated from Mercer univer- sity in July, 1859; located in Polk county; engaged in teaching school; entered the Confederate army as a sergeant in Gen. N. B. Forrest's escort squad- ron, and served until the close of the war; com- missioner of revenue ; twelve years on the board of education, the last four as president of the board; BIOGRAPHIES. 635 member of the general assembly 1882-1885; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); again elected a member of the state legislature of Georgia; retired and resides in Rockmart, Ga. Everett, William., a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Watertpwn, Mass., October 10, 1839; attended the public schools of Cambridge and Boston; was graduated from Harvard college in 1859; from Trinity college, Cambridge, England, in 1863; from the law department of Harvard col- lege in 1865; was admitted to the bar in 1866; studied for the ministry and was licensed to preach in 1872 by the Suffolk association of Unitarian ministers; tutor in Harvard college 1870-1873; assistant professor of Latin 1873-1877; master of Adams academy, Quincy, Mass., 1878-1893; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); died in Quincy, Mass., Feb- ruary 16, 1910. Everhart, James Bowen, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in West Whiteland town- ship, Chester county, Pa., July 26, 1821; attended Bolmar's academy in West Chester, Pa., and was graduated from Princeton in 1842; studied law in the Harvard law school and in Philadelphia, Pa., and was admitted to the bar in 1845; went abroad and spent two years in study in the universities of Berlin and Edinburgh; returned to West Ches- ter, Pa., and engaged in the practice of law; served in the volunteer army raised to repel Lee's inva- sions in 1862 and 1863, and was major the latter year; member of the state senate from 1873 until 1883 when he resigned; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); died in West Ches- ter, Pa., August 23, 1888. Everhart, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Chester county, Pa., May 17, 1785; attended local schools and became a civil engineer; captain of a company of riflemen in the war of 1812; was the only passenger saved from the packet ship Albion, wrecked off the coast of Ire- land in 1822; when he returned to Pennsylvania he platted a large addition to the city of West Chester; was elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); declined a reelection and resumed mercantile business; died in West Chester, Pa., October 30, 1868. Evins, John Hamilton, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Spartanburg county, S. C., July 18, 1830; was graduated from South Carolina college in 1853; studied law and was admitted to practice in 1856; officer in the Confederate service; member of the legislature two terms; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1885); died in Spartanburg, S. C., October 20, 1884. Ewart, Hamilton Glover, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Columbia, S. C!., Octo- ber 23, 1849; pursued an academic course; was graduated from the University of South Carolina, both literary and law departments; commenced practice in Hendersonville, N. C., in 1872; ap- pointed register in bankruptcy; twice elected mayor of Hendersonville; district elector on the Hayes ticket in 1876; elected to the lower house of the legislature in 1886; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); elected judge of the criminal court in 1895; judge of the circuit court in 1897, and appointed judge of the United States district -'court for the western district of North Carolina in 1898. Ewing, Andrew, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Nashville, Tenn.; completed pre- paratory studies; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); died June 16, 1864. Ewing, Edwin H., a Representative from Ten- nessee; native of Tennessee; completed prepara- tory studies ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); died in 1902. Ewing, John, a Representative from Indiana; born at sea while his parents were on their way from Cork to Baltimore in 1789; located in Indiana; attended the public schools; established the Wa- bash Transcript; engaged in commercial pursuits in Vincennes ; served several years in both branches of the state legislature; elected to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835), and to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); died in Vincennes, Ind., April 6, 1858. Ewing, John Hoge, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Fayette county, Pa., Octo- ber 5, 1796; received a limited schooling; was graduated from Washington and Jefferson college, Pa., in 1814; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1818, and practiced; engaged in agricultural pursuits; member of the state house of represen- tatives in 1835 and 1836; served in the state sen- ate 1838-1842; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); died in Washington, Pa., June 9. 1887. Ewing, Presley Underwood, a Representa- tive from Kentucky; native of Russellville, Ky.; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served two terms in the state legislature; elected as a WTiig to the Thirty- second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); died in Mammoth Cave, Ky., September 27, 1854. Ewing, Thomas, a Senator from Ohio; born near West Liberty, Va., December 28, 1789; moved with his parents to Ohio in 1792; completed pre- paratory studies in the Athens academy, which conferred on him the degree of A. B. in 1815 ? the first granted in Ohio; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1816; began practice in Lancaster, Ohio; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1831, to March 3, 1837; defeated for reelection; appointed Secretary of the Treasury by President Harrison, and served from March 5, 1841, to September 13, 1841; appointed Secretary of the Interior by President Taylor, and served from March 8, 1849, to July 23, 1850; ap- pointed to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Corwin; served from July 20, 1850, to March 3, 1851; resumed the practice of law in Lancaster; delegate to the peace congress in 1861; delegate to the na- tional Union convention in 1865 ; appointed Secre- tary of War by President Johnson February 22, 1868, but Senate refused to confirm the appoint- ment; died in Lancaster, Ohio, October 26, 1871. Ewing, Jr., Thomas, a Representative from Ohio; born in Lancaster, Ohio, August?, 1829; was graduated from Brown university in 1849 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Cincinnati, Ohio; removed to Leavenworth, Kans. 636 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. in 1856; member of the peace conference from Kansas in 1861; chief justice supreme court of Kansas 1861-2; served in the Union Army as colonel eleventh Kansas infantry volunteers August, 1862; brigadier general United States vol- unteers September, 1863; brevet major general United States volunteers March, 1865; member of the constitutional convention of Ohio 1873-^i; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -fifth and Forty- sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); moved to New York in 1881, where he engaged in the practice of law; died in New York City January 21, 1896. Ewing, William Lee Davidson, a Senator from Illinois; born in Kentucky August 31, 1798; pursued an academic course; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Van- dalia, Fayette county, 111.; appointed receiver of public moneys at Vandalia in 1820 ; brigadier gen- eral of state militia; colonel of the " Spy Battal- ion" during the Black Hawk war; clerk of the state house of representatives 1826-1829; member of the state house of representatives in 1830, and served as speaker; served in the state senate, and was chosen president protempore of that body in 1832; commissioned acting lieutenant governor, March 1, 1833, caused by the resignation of Zadoc Casey; became governor of Illinois in November, 1834, as successsor to John Reynolds who had re- signed, and served only 15 days; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Elias Kane, and served from De- cember 30, 1835, to March 3, 1837; defeated for reelection in 1837; again a state representative 1838 and 1840, and at each session chosen speaker over Abraham Lincoln; appointed auditor of pub- lic accounts in March, 1843; died in Vandalia, 111., March 26, 1846; interment in Oak Ridge ceme- tery, Springfield, 111. Fair, James Graham, a Senator from Nevada; born near Belfast, county Tyrone, Ireland, De- cember 3, 1831; came to this country with his parents in 1843 and settled in Illinois; received a thorough business training; in 1849 moved to Cali- fornia and engaged in mining until 1860, when he moved to Virginia City, Nev. ; engaged extensively in mining; formed a partnership with John W. Mackay, J. C. Flood, and Wm. S. O'Brien in 1867; the firm purchased the control of the Bonanzas and various other well-known mines, the yield of gold and silver from which, while under the superintendency of Mr. Fair, is estimated at about $200,000,000; also engaged in real estate in San Francisco and was largely interested in the various manufactures of the Pacific coast ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1881, to March 3, 1887; died in San Francisco, Cal., December 28, 1894. Fairbanks, Charles Warren, a Senator from Indiana; born near Union ville Center, Union county, Ohio, May 11, 1852; attended the common schools and was graduated from the Ohio Wesleyan university, Delaware, Ohio, in 1872; agent of the Associated Press in Pittsburgh, Pa., and in Cleve- land, Ohio; studied law and was admitted to the bar by the supreme court of Ohio in 1874; moved to Indianapolis, Ind., the same year and practiced; trustee of the Ohio Wesleyan university in 1885; chairman of the Indiana Republican state conven- tions of 1892 and 1898; candidate for United States Senator in 1893, but was defeated by David Turpie, Democrat; delegate at large to the Republican national convention in St. Louis in 1896 and in Philadelphia in 1900; appointed a member of the United States and British joint high commission which met in Quebec in 1898 for the adjustment of Canadian questions; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate January 20, 1897; re- elected in 1903, and served from March 4, 1897, until his resignation March 3, 1905; delegate to Republican national convention in Chicago in 1904; vice president of the United States from March 4, 1905, to March 4, 1909; resumed the practice of law in Indianapolis, Ind. Fairchild, Benjamin Lewis, a Representative from New York; born in Sweden, N. Y., January 5, 1863 ; moved with his parents to Washington , D . C . , in 1865; attended the public schools of Washington, and at the age of 13 entered the draftsman division of the Interior Department, and two years later the Bureau of Engraving and Printing of the Treasury Department; studied law and was graduated from the Columbian law school in 1885; was admitted to the bar and practiced in New York City; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); resumed the prac- tice of law in New York City and a resident of Pel- ham, N. Y. Fairchild, George Winthrop, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Oneonta, Otsego county, N. Y., May 6, 1854; completed preparatory studies; apprenticed as a printer; president of the Oneonta Herald publishing company; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Fairfield, John, a Representative and a Senator from Maine; born in Saco, Me., January 30, 1797; received a limited schooling; studied law and in 1826 was admitted to the bar; appointed reporter of the state supreme court in 1832; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839) ; governor 1839-1843; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Reuel Williams; reelected, and served from March 4, 1843, until his death in Washington, D. C., December 24, 1847. Faran, James J., a Representative from Ohio; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, December 29, 1808; at- tended the common schools and was graduated from Miami university, Oxford, Ohio, in 1831; studied law, was admitted to bar in 1833, and engaged in practice in Cincinnati; member of state house of representatives 1835-1836 and 1837- 1839, and served as speaker 1838-1839; served in the state senate 1839-1843, and speaker of the sen- ate 1841-1843; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1849); mayor of Cincinnati 1855-1857; postmaster 1857-1861 under President Buchanan; associate editor and proprietor of the Enquirer 1844-1881; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, December 12, 1892. Faris, George Washington, a Representative from Indiana; born in Jasper county, Ind., June 9, 1854 ; his early life was spent on a farm in Pulaski county, Ind.; was graduated from Asbury univer- sity in 1877; read law and was admitted to the bar in 1877, and practiced in Terre Haute, Ind.; Re- publican nominee for the circuitiudgeship in 1884, but was defeated; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty -sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 18S5-March 3, 1901); resumed the practice of law in Terre Haute, Ind. BIOGEAPHIES. 637 Farlee, Isaac Gray, a Representative from New Jersey; born in White House, Hunterdon county, N. J., May 18, 1787;- attended the public schools; engaged in the mercantile business in Flemington; member of the state assembly in 1819, 1821, 1828, 1830; clerk of Hunterdon county 1830- 1840; brigadier-general of state militia; elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); defeated for reelection; member of the state senate 1847-1849; judge of the court of com- mon pleas 1852-1855; died in Flemington, N. J., January 12, 1855. Farley, Ephraim Wilder, a Representative from Maine; born in Newcastle, Me., August 29, 1817; was graduated. from Bowdoin college in 1836; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Newcastle; member of the state house of representatives 1843 and 1851-1853; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1855- March 3, 1857); defeated for the Thirty-fourth Congress; member of the state senate in 1856; died in Newcastle, Me., April 3, 1880. Farley, James Thompson, a Senator from Cali- fornia; born in Albemarle county, Va., August 6, 1829; completed preparatory studies; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1854; went to Cal- ifornia in 1850 and practiced law; member of the state assembly 1855-1856, and served as speaker in 1856; served in the state senate 1869-1876 and as president pro tempore 1871-1872; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1879, until March 3, 1885; resumed the practice of law; died in Jackson, Cal., January 22, 1886. Farlin, Dudley, a Representative from New York; born in Norwich, Conn., September 2, 1777; engaged in the lumber and grain business; super- visor of the town of Warrensburg 1818-1820, 1827- 1828; sheriff of Warren county 1821-1822 and 1828; member of the state assembly in 1824; presidential elector in 1832; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); died in Warrensburg, N. Y., September 26, 1837. Farnsworth, John Franklin, a Representative from Illinois; born in Eaton, Canada, March 27, 1820; completed preparatory studies; located in Michigan; studied law and was admitted to the bar ; moved to Chicago, 111. ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); served in the Union Army as a colonel of cavalry and brigadier general; elected to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, For- tieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1873); died in Washing- ton, D. C., July 14, 1897. Farquhar, John Hanson, a Representative from Indiana; born in Union Bridge, Carroll county, Md . , December 20, 1 818 ; moved with his parents to Indiana in 1833; attended the public schools and became a civil engineer; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar, and began practice in Brookville, Md.; secretary of the state senate in 1842-1843; chief clerk of the state house of representatives in 1844; presidential elector on the Lincoln and Ham- lin ticket in 1860; served as captain of the nine- teenth infantry of the regular army in the civil war; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); engaged in the banking business in Indianapolis; appointed secretary of state by Governor Conrad Baker; died in Indianapolis, Ind., October 3, 1873. Farquhar, John McCreath, a Representative from New York; born near Ayr, Scotland, April 17, 1832; attended Ayr academy; for thirty-three years a printer, editor, and publisher; enlisted in the Union Army as a private in the eighty-ninth Illi- nois infantry, rose to the rank of major, and served as judge advocate and as inspector on the staffs of Generals Willich, Beatty, and Wood in the fourth Army corps; was awarded a medal of honor for distinguished bravery and skill on the battlefield of Stone River, Tenn.; located in Buffalo, N. Y.; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth, Fif- tieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1891); member of the industrial commis- sion 1898-1902; resides in Buffalo, N. Y. Fair, Evarts Worcester, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Littleton, N. H., October 10, 1840; attended Dartmouth college; en- tered the Union Army as a private and attained the rank of major; mustered out of service June 4, 1865; was admitted to the bar in 1867; member of the executive council of New Hampshire in 1876; assistant assessor of internal revenue 1865-1869; assessor 1869-1873; solicitor for Grafton coimty 1873-1879; elected as a member to the Forty-sixth Congress and served from March 4, 1879, until his death in Littleton, N. H., November 30, 1880. Farrelly, John W., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Meadville, Pa., July 7, 1809; received a limited schooling; served in the state senate in 1828 and 1838-1841; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; appointed Sixth Auditor of the Treasury by President Taylor and served from November 5, 1849, until his death in Washington, D. C., April 7, 1853. Farrelly, Patrick, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Ireland in 1760; emigrated to the United States; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Meadville; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1827); died in Meadville, Pa., January 12, 1826. Farrington, James, a Representative from New 'Hampshire; born in Conway, N. H., July 26, 1789; was graduated from Fryeburg academy, Maine; studied medicine, and began practice in Rochester, N. H.; served in both branches of the legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); ap- pointed one of the trustees of the New Hampshire insane asylum in 1845; died in Rochester, N. H., October 29, 1859. Farrow, Samuel, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Virginia in 1759; moved with his father's family to South Carolina, and settled in Spartanburg district in 1765; served in the Revo- lutionary War; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1793; began practice in Spartanburg, S. C.; lieutenant governor of South Carolina in 1810-1812; elected as a War Democrat to the Thir- teenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); re- elected to the Fourteenth Congress, but declined to serve ; member of the state house of representatives 1816-1821; died in Columbia, S. C., November 18, 1824. Farwell, Charles Benjamin, a Representative and a Senator from Illinois; born in Painted Post, N. Y., July 1, 1823; attended Elmira academy; moved to Illinois in 1838; employed in government 638 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. surveying and in farming until 1844, when he en- gaged in real estate business and banking in Chi- cago; elected county clerk of Cook county in 1853, and reelected in 1857; subsequently engaged in mercantile pursuits; appointed a member of the state board of equalization in 1867; chairman of the board of supervisors of Cook county in 1868; ap- pointed national-bank examiner in 1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty- third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); elected to the United States Senate January, 19, 1887, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John A. Logan, and served from January 19, 1887, until March 3, 1891; died in Lake Forest, 111., September 23, 1903. Farwell, Nathan Allen, a Delegate and a Sen- ator from Maine; born in Unity, Me., February 24, 1812; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Rock- land, Me.; member of the state house of representa- tives 1860, 1863, and 1864 ; served in the state senate in 1853, 1854, 1861, and 1862, and the last year as presiding officer; delegate to the Republican na- tional convention in Baltimore in 1864; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Pitt Fessenden; subse- quently elected to fill the vacancy and served from October 27, 1864, to March 3, 1865; delegate in the Philadelphia Loyalist convention of 1866; died in Rockland, Me., December 9, 1893. Farwell, Sewell Spaulding, a Representative from Iowa; born near Keene, Coshocton county, Ohio, April 26, 1834; pursued an academic course; moved to Iowa in 1852 and engaged in farming; enlisted in the Union Army in 1862 as captain of company H, thirty-first Iowa volunteer infantry, and served until the close of the war; member of the state senate 1865-1869; assessor of internal reve- nue 1869-1873; collector of internal revenue 1875- 1881; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); after leav- ing Congress elected president of the Monticello state bank; died in Monticello, Iowa, September 21, 1909. Fassett, Jacob Sloat, a Representative from New York; born in Elmira, N. Y., November 13, 1853 ; was graduated from the University of Roches- ter in June, 1875; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1878; district attorney Chemung county 1878-79; became a student in Heidelberg univer- sity, Germany; re turned to Elmira in 1882; member of the New York senate 1883-1891, and served as president pro tempore in 1889; secretary of the Re- publican national committee for the campaign of 1888 ; defeated for governor in 1891 ; temporary chair- man of the Republican national convention in Min- neapolis in 1892; elected to the Fifty-ninth, Six- tieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4 ; 1905- March 3, 1911) ; engaged in the banking business in Elmira, N. Y. Faulkner, Charles James, a Representative from Virginia and West Virginia; born in Martins- burg, W. Va., July 6, 1806; was graduated from Georgetown university, D. C., in 1822; attended Chancellor Tucker's law lectures in Winchester, Va. ; was admitted to the bar in 1829 and practiced ; member of the Virginia house of representatives 1832-1833 ; commissioner of Virginia on the disputed boundaries between that state and Maryland ; mem- ber of the state senate 1841-1844, but resigned; elected a member of the revising legislature in 1848 ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1850; elected from Virginia to the Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1859); appointed United States minister to France by President Buchanan in 1859; returned to the United States in August, 1861, and detained as a prisoner of state, but exchanged in December, 1861, for Alfred Ely, member of the United States House of Represen- tatives from New York; entered the Confederate army as a member of Stonewall Jackson's staff; engaged in railroad enterprises; member of the state constititutional convention of West Virginia in 1872 ; elected as a Democrat from West Virginia to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); died in Boydville, W. Va., November 1, 1884. Faulkner, Charles James, a Senator from West Virginia; born in Boydville, Berkeley county, W. Va., September 21, 1847; accompanied his father; who was minister to France in 1859 ; attended school in Paris and Switzerland; returned to the United States in August, 1861, and after the arrest of his father immediately went South; in 1862, at the age of fifteen entered the Virginia military in- stitute at Lexington; served with the cadets in the battle of New Market; served as aid to Gen. J. C. Breckinridge, and afterwards to Gen. Henry A. Wise, and surrendered with him at Appomattox; on his return to Boydville studied law; was grad- uated from the University of Virginia in June, 1868; was admitted to the bar in September, 1868 ; in Octo- ber, 1880, elected judge of the thirteenth judicial circuit; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; reelected in 1893 and served from March 4, 1887, to March 3, 1899; permanent chairman of the Democratic state convention of West Virginia in 1888, and both temporary and permanent chairman of the Democratic state convention of 1892 ; resumed the practice of law in Martinsburg, W. Va., and in Washington, D. C.; member of the international joint high commission. Favrot, George Kent, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Baton Rouge, La., November 26, 1868; was graduated from the Louisiana state university in 1888 and from the law department of Tulane university, New Orleans, La., in 1890; elected district attorney of the twenty-second ju- dicial district of Louisiana in 1892; defeated for reelection in 1896; elected a delegate from the state at large to the constitutional convention of 1898; reelected district attorney in 1900, and district judge in 1904; elected to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); member of the state legislature in 1912; resumed the practice of law in Baton Rouge, La. Fay, Francis Ball, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Southboro, Mass., June 12, 1793; received a limited education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; postmaster of Southboro; deputy sheriff of Worcester county 1824-1830; member of the Massachusetts general court 1830- 1831; moved to Chelsea, which he represented in the Massachusetts general court in 1834-1836 and 1840; state senator in 1843-1845, and 1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Robert Ran- toul, and served from December 29, 1852, to March 3, 1853; mayor of Chelsea in 1857; founder of the state reform school in Lancaster, where he located in 1858; member of the state senate in 1868; died in South Lancaster, Mass., October 6, 1876. BIOGRAPHIES. 639 Fay, John, a Representative from New York; born in Hard wick, Worcester county, Mass., in 1772; attended the public schools; moved with parents to New York and located in Montgomery county, and later in Galway, Saratoga county; moved to Northampton, Fulton county, in 1804; engaged in farming, milling, and manufacturing; held various local offices, and was postmaster of Northampton several years; member of the state house of representatives in 1812; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); a presidential elector in 1840; died in Northamp- ton, N. Y., June 21, 1855. Fearing, Paul, a Delegate from the Northwest Territory; born in Wareham, Mass., February 28, 1762; was graduated from Harvard college in 1785; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected a Delegate to the Seventh Congress (March 4, 1801- March 3, 1803); associate judge of the court of common pleas in 1810; died in his home, just below the mouth of the Muskingum river, August 21, 1822. Featherston, Lewis Porter, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Oxford, Miss., July 28, 1851; attended common schools and the law department of Cumberland university, Tenn. ; engaged in plant- ing in Shelby county, Tenn., 1872-1881; moved to St. Francis county, Ark., and engaged in planting; member of the state house of representatives 1887- 1888; elected president of the State Wheel (a farm- ers' organization) in 1887 and reelected in 1888; successfully contested the election of William H. Gate to the Fifty-first Congress, and served from March 5, 1890, until March 3, 1891; candidate on the Union- Labor ticket for reelection, but was de- feated; engaged in real estate business in Galves- ton, Tex. Featherston, Winfield Scot$, a Representa- tive from Mississippi; born in Rutherford county, Tenn., August 8, 1820; completed preparatory studies; moved to Mississippi and located in Hous- ton; was admitted to the bar in 1840; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); defeated for reelection; served in the Confederate army; moved to Holly Springs in 1856; commissioned brigadier general March 4, 1862; paroled in Greens- borough, N. C., May 1, 1865; member of the state legislature in 1876 and 1880; member of the state constitutional convention in 1890; died in Holly Springs, Miss., May 28, 1891. Feely, John Joseph, a Representative from Illinois; born near Wilmington, Will county, 111., August 1, 1875; attended the public schools and Niagara university, Niagara, N. Y., and was gradu- ated from the Yale law school in 1897; admitted to the bar in Connecticut in 1897 and in Illinois in 1898; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903); died in Chicago, 111., February 15, 1905. Felch, Alpheus, a Senator from Michigan; born in Limerick, Me., September 28, 1806; pre- pared for college in Phillips Exeter academy, and was graduated from Bowdoin in 1827; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Houlton, Me., 1830-1833; moved to Monroe, Mich., in 1833, and continued practice ; represented Monroe county in the state legislature 1835, 1836, and 1837; state bank commissioner 1838-1839, and rendered great service in stamping out the so-called "wild-cat" hanks; auditor general of the state in 1842; ap- pointed associate justice of the Michigan supreme court in 1842; removed to Ann Arbor, Mich., in 1843; elected governor as a Democrat in 1845, and resigned from the bench; served as governor from January 5, 1846, to March 3, 1847, when he re- signed to take a seat in the United States Senate, to which he had been elected in February pre- ceding; served as United States Senator from March 4, 1847, to March 3, 1853; president of the commis- sion to settle Spanish and Mexican war claims 1853- 1856; died in Ann Arbor, Mich., June 13, 1896. F elder, John Myers, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Orangeburg District, S. C., July 7, 1782; was graduated from Yale college in 1804; studied law in Litchfield, Conn.; was ad- mitted to the bar in 1808 and began practice in Orangeburg, S. C. ; served several years in the state legislature; major of volunteers in the War of 1812; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-second and Twenty- third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835) ; declined a reelection, but did not resume practice; elected a state senator in 1840, and suc- cessively reelected until he died near Union Point, Ga., September 1, 1851. Fell, John, a Delegate from New Jersey; native of that state; attended the public schools; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1778-1780. Fellows, John B., a Representative from New York; born in Troy, N. Y., July 29, 1832; moved to Camden, Ark., 1850; read law there, and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1855, and practiced in Cam- den; entered the Confederate army in the first Ar- % kansas regiment; after the battle of Shiloh assigned to staff duties as assistant adjutant and inspector general, and ordered to report to General Van Dorn at Vicksburg; assigned to the staff of Brig. Gen. W. N. R. Bell, commanding a district in General Van Dorn's department; captured at the surren- der of Port Hudson, La., July 9, 1863, and released June 10, 1865; returned to Camden, Ark., and re- sumed the practice of law; elected to the state sen- ate; moved to New York City in 1868; appointed assistant district attorney in 1869; elected district attorney in 1887; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1891, to December 22, 1893, When he resigned ; again district attorney of New York City from January 1, 1894, until his death; died in New York City, December 7, 1896. Felton, Charles Norton, a Representative and a Senator from California; born in Clarence, Erie county, N. Y., in 1830; pursued an academic course in Syracuse, N. Y. ; went to California in 1849; engaged in mercantile business and after- wards banking; was assistant treasurer and treas- urer of the mint in San Francisco for six years; elected to the legislature of California in 1880 and served two terms; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of George Hearst, and served from March 19, 1891, to March 3, 1893; retired and re- sides in San Francisco, Cal. Felton, William. Harrell, a Representative from Georgia; born in Oglethorpe county, Ga., June 19, 1823; was graduated from the University of Georgia, in Athens, in August, 1843, and from the Medical College of Georgia, in Augusta, in March, 1844; Methodist minister; member of the 640 CONGKESSIONAL DIRECTORY. state house of representatives in 1851 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1881); served in the state legislature 1884-1890; trustee from state at large for University of Georgia for ten years; died in Cartersville, Ga., September 24, 1909. Fenn, Stephen Southmyd, a Delegate from Idaho Territory; born in Watertown, Conn., March 28, 1820; moved in 1824 with his parents to Niagara county, N. Y.; attended the public schools; moved in 1841 to Jackson county, Iowa, where he held several local offices; moved to California in 1850 and engaged in mining and ranching; again moved in 1862 to that part of Washington Territory which became a part of Idaho upon its organization in 1863; there mined and practiced law; elected a member of the legislative council 1864-1865; dis- trict attorney for the first judicial district in 1869; again a member of the legislative assembly in 1872, and served one year as speaker of the house; en- gaged in agricultural pursuits; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in Blackfoot, Idaho, in April, 1892. Fenner, James, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Providence, R. I., January 22, 1771; was graduated from Brown university in 1789; served several years in the state house of representatives; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1805, to September, 1807, when he resigned, having been elected governor of Rhode Island, which office he filled 1807-1811, 1824-183] , and 1843-1845; presidential elector in 1817, 1821, and 1837; delegate to the state constitiitional convention in 1842 and its president; died in Providence, R. I., April 17, 1846. Fenton, loicien Jerome, a Representative from Ohio; born in Winchester, Ohio, May 7, 1844; attended the public schools, Lebanon normal school, and Ohio university, Athens; enlisted as a private in the ninety-first Ohio regiment August 11, 1862, and served until dangerously wounded at the battle of Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864; teacher and superintendent of public schools in Ohio for a number of years; organized the Win- chester bank, becoming its cashier and manager in 1884 ; appointed a trustee of the Ohio university, at Athens, by Governor McKinley in 1892; delegate to the national Republican convention at Minne- apolis in 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875- March 3, 1879) ; after leaving Congress became cash- ier of a bank in Winchester, Ohio. Fenton, Reuben Eaton, a Representative and a Senator from New York; born in Carroll, Chau- tauqua county, N. Y., July 4, 1819; completed pre- paratory studies; studied law; engaged in mercan- tile pursuits; elected supervisor of Carroll in 1843; governor of New York 1865-1866 and 1867-1868; elected to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); reelected to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1857, to December 10, 1864, when he resigned, having been elected governor; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875; appointed chairman of the United States commission to the International monetary conference in 1878; died in Jamestown, N. Y., August 25, 1885. Ferdon, John William, a Representative from New York; born in Piermont, Rockland county, N. Y., in 1828; was graduated from Rutgers college, New Brunswick, N. J., in 1847; studied lawand was graduated in 1851; member of the state assembly in 1855; of the senate in 1856-1857; delegate to the Republican national convention in Baltimore in 1864, which nominated Mr. Lincoln a second time; delegate to the Cincinnati national convention which nominated Hayes and Wheeler in 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881): died in Pier- mont, N. Y., August 5, 1884. Ferguson, Fenner, a Delegate from Nebraska Territory; born in Rensselaer county, N. Y., April 25, 1814; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began practice in Albany, N. Y.; moved to Michigan; member of the state legislature; appointed chief justice of Nebraska in 1854; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); died in Bellevue, Nebr., October 11, 1859. Fergusson, Harvey Butler, a Delegate and a Representative from New Mexico Territory; born in Pic-kens county, Ala., September 9,1848; was graduated from the Washington and Lee university, Lexington, Va., in 1873, and from the law depart- ment of that university in 1874; taught in the Shenandpah Valley academy in Winchester, Va. ; was admitted to the bar, commenced the practice of law in Wheeling, W. Va., moved to Albuquerque, N. Mex., in 1882 and engaged in the practice of law; special United States attorney 1893-1894; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); defeated for reelec- tion in 1898 and 1902. Reelected as a Representative to the Sixty-second Congress. Ferrell, Thomas M., a Representative from Jersey; born in Glassboro, N. J., June 20, 1844; at- tended the common schools and completed an academic course; elected a member of the township committee 1872-1873; member of the school board three terms of three years each; member of the general assembly 1879-1880; state senator for the county of Gloucester; elected as a Democrat to the forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885). Ferris, Charles G., a Representative from New York; born in New York City; received a limited education; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New York City; member of the board of aldermen 1832-1833; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Dudley Sel- den, and served from December 1, 1834, to March 3, 1835; reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843). Ferris, Scott, a Representative from Okla- homa; born in Neosho, Newton county, Mo., No- vember 3, 1877; was graduated from the Newton county high school in 1897, and from the Kansas City school of law in 1901 ; was admitted to the bar, Eracticed law in Lawton, Okla.; elected to the ;gislature of Oklahoma in 1904; elected as a Demo- crat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Ferriss, Orange, a Representative from New York; born in Glens Falls, N. Y., November 26, 1814; completed preparatory studies; studied law, BIOGRAPHIES. 641 was admitted to the bar in 1840, and practiced; surrogate from February, 1840 to March 1845; judge of Warren county 1851-1863; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); died in Glens Falls, N. Y., April 11, 1894. Ferry, Orris Sanfprd, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Bethel, Conn., August 15, 1823 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1844; studied law, and in 1846 was admitted to the bar; appointed judge of probate in 1849; member of the state senate 1855-1856; state attorney for Fairfield county 1856-1859; defeated for the Thirty- fifth Congress; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); defeated for the Thirty-seventh Congress; entered the Union Army in 1861 as colonel of the fifth Connecticut volunteers; promoted brigadier general in 1862, and served until the close of the war; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate ; reelected in 1873 by a combination of Independent Republicans and Democrats, and served from March 4, 1867, until his death in Norwalk, Conn., Novem- ber 21, 1875. Ferry, Thomas White, a Representative and a Senator from Michigan; born in the old mission house of the Astor fur company on Mackinac Island, Mich., June 10, 1827; moved with his father's family to Grand Haven, Mich. ; attended the public schools; engaged in business pursuits in Grand Haven ; member of the house of representatives of Michigan 1850-1852; member of the state senate 1856; delegate in the Chicago Republican con- vention of 1860; appointed in 1864 to represent Michigan on the board of managers of the Gettys- burg national cemetery, and reappointed in 1867; delegate in the Loyalist convention in Philadel- phia in 1866; elected as a Republican to the Thirty -ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1871); reelected to the Forty-second Congress, but did not take his seat, having been elected to the United States Senate; took his seat in the Senate March 4, 1871; was re- elected, and served until March 3, 1883; President of the Senate pro tempore March 9, March 19, and December 20, 1875; by the death of Vice President Wilson became acting Vice President, and served until March 4, 1877; presided over the high court of impeachment of Secretary of War Belknap, and over the sixteen joint meetings of the two houses during the Hayes-Tilden contest; designated by the President to represent him at the Centennial celebration in Philadelphia, July 4, 1876; reelected President of the Senate pro tempore March 5, 1877, February 26, 1878, April 17, 1878, and March 3, 1879; died in Grand Haven, Mich., October 13, 1896. Fessenden, Samuel Clement, a Representa- tive from Maine; born in New Gloucester, Me., March 7, 1815; pursued classical studies; was grad- uated from Bowdoin college in 1834, and from the Bangor, Me., theological seminary in 1837; was ordained and installed as pastor of the Second Congregational church, Rockland, Me., 1837-1856; studied law, was admitted to the bar and com- menced practice in 1858; elected judge of the Rockland municipal court; elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863), examiner in the United States patent office 1865-1879; United States con- sul at St. John, New Brunswick, 1879-1881; died in Stamford, Conn., April 18, 1882. 50346 S. Doc. '654, 61-2 41 Fessenden, Thomas Amory Deblois, a Rep- resentative from Maine; born in Portland, Me., January 23, 1826; pursued classical studies arid was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1845; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Auburn, Me., in 1848; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1856; member of the state house of representatives in 1860 and 1868; prosecuting attorney for Androscoggin county 1861-1862; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles W. Walton, and served from December 1, 1862, to March 3, 1863; died in Auburn, Me., September 28, 1868. Fessenden, William Pitt, a Representative and a Senator from Maine; born in Boscawen, N. H., October 16, 1806; was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1823 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1827, and practiced in Bridgeton, Bangor, and Portland, Me.; member of the state house of representatives in 1832 and 1840; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841- March 3, 1843); declined to be a candidate for reelection ; again a member of the state legislature 1845-1846; defeated as a Whig candidate for the Thirty-second Congress; again a member of the state legislature 1853-1854; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate; reelected as a Repub- lican in 1854 and served from March 4, 1853, until July 1, 1864, when he resigned; appointed by President Lincoln Secretary of the Treasury, and served from July 1, 1864, to March 3, 1865; again elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1865, until his death, in Portland, Me., September 8, 1869. Few, William, a Delegate and a Senator from Georgia; born near Baltimore, Md., June 8, 1748; moved to North Carolina with his family in 1758; completed elementary studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Augusta, Ga.; member of the state legislature 1777, 1779, 1783, and 1793; member executive council 1777- 1778; engaged in the expedition for the subjugation of East Florida; presiding judge of Richmond county court, and surveyor general in 1778; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1780-1782 and 1785-1788; delegate to the convention which re- vised the Federal Constitution in 1787; delegate in the Georgia convention that ratified the Federal Constitution in 1788; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1793; judge of the circuit court of Georgia 1794 1797; moved to New York City in 1799; member of the state house of representatives 1802-1805; United States commissioner of loans in 1804; state prison inspector 1802-1810; died in Fishkill, N. Y., July 16, 1828. Ficklin, Orlando Bell, a Representative from Illinois; born in Scott county, Ky., December 16, 1808; was graduated at Transylvania law school in 1830; was admitted to the bar in 1830 and com- menced practice in Mount Carmel, 111.; moved to Charleston, 111., in 1837; member of the state house of representatives in 1835, 1838, and 1842; attorney for the Wabash circuit in 1835; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1849); reelected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket in 1856; died in Charleston, 111., May 5, 1886. 642 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Fiedler, William Henry Frederick, a Repre- sentative from New Jersey; born in New York City August 25, 1847; attended public and high schools; elected an alderman of Newark in 1876; member of the state legislature in 1877; reelected alderman in 1878; reelected a member of the legislature in 1878; mayor of Newark in 1879; reelected to the legisla- ture in 1882; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); postmaster of Newark, N. J., 1885-1889; engaged in the real estate business in Newark, N. J. Field, David Dudley, a Representative from New York; born in Haddam, Conn., February 13, 1805; was graduated from Williams college in 1825; studied law and was admitted to the bar in New York City in 1828; member of the commission on legal practice and procedure in 1847-1850; mem- ber of a state commission to prepare a political, penal, and civil code 1857-1865; was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Smith Ely, jr., and served from January 11, 1877, to March 3, 1877; died in New York, April 18, 1894. Field, Moses Whelock, a Representative from Michigan; born in Watertown, Jefferson county, N. Y., February 10, 1828; attended the public schools and the academy in Victor, N. Y.; moved to Michigan in 1844 and engaged in mercantile and agricultural pursuits; elected alderman of De- troit in 1866; elected as a Republican to the Forty- third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); de- feated for reelection; regent of the University of Michigan in 1888; died in Detroit, Mich., March 14, 1899. Field, Richard Stockton, a Senator from New Jersey; born in Princeton, N. J., December 31, 1803; pursued an academic course and was gradu- ated from Princeton in 1821; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced practice in Salem, N. J.; moved to Princeton, N. J., in 1833; member of the state assembly in 1837; attorney- general of the state 1838-1841 ; member of the state constitutional convention of 1844; elected professor in the Princeton Law -college in 1847; appointed United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John R. Thomson, and served from November 21, 1862, to January 14, 1863; appointed by President Lincoln judge of the United States district court for the district of New Jersey, and served from January 21, 1863, until his death in Princeton, N. J., May 25, 1870. Field, Scott, a Representative from Texas; native of Mississippi; completed preparatory stud- ies; served in the Confederate army as a private; after the war he resumed his studies and finished the literary course in the University of Virginia in 1868; taught school, read law, and was admitted to the bar in 1872; moved to Calvert, Tex., and practiced his profession; elected county attorney in 1875; member of the state senate in 1888; dele- gate in the Democratic national convention of 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907). Field, Walbridge Abner, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Springfield, Vt., April 26, 1833; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1855; studied law in Boston and in the Harvard law school; was admitted to the bar in Boston in 1860; appointed assistant attorney of the United States in 1865, and held the office until April, 1869, when appointed Assistant Attorney General of the United States, and held this office until August, 1870, when he resigned; resumed the practice of law in Boston; presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Forty-fifth Congress, and served from March 4. 1877, until March 28, 1878, when he was succeeded by Benjamin Dean, who contested his election; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); appointed by Governor Long to the bench of the supreme judicial court in February, 1881; promoted to the position of chief justice in 1890, and served until his death in Boston, Mass., July 15, 1899. Fielder, George Bragg, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Jersey City, N. J., July 24, 1842; attended the public schools and Selleck's academy, Norwalk, Conn.; enlisted in 1862 in the Union army during the civil war as a private in the twenty-first New Jersey volunteers and was promoted to sergeant-major and lieutenant; wounded and taken prisoner in May, 1863, at the battle of Maryes Heights, Va.; elected register of the county of Hudson in 1884, and reelected in 1889; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); elected register for a third time in 1895. Fields, William Craig, a Representative from New York; born in New York City February 13, 1804; attended the public schools; went to Laurens, where he was justice of the peace for sixteen years, and subsequently supervisor; county clerk of Otsego 1853-1856; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 18691; died in Laurens, N. Y., October 27, 1882. Fillmore, Millard, a Representative from New York; born in Locke township, Cayuga county, N. Y., January 7, 1800; was self-instructed under the most adverse conditions; studied law in Mont- ville, N. Y., was admitted to the bar in 1823, and commenced practice in East Aurora, N. Y.; moved to Buffalo, N. Y., in 1830; member of the state house of representatives 1829-1831; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); reelected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843) ; declined a renomina- tion; defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1844; elected state comptroller in 1847; elected Vice President on the Whig ticket headed by Zachary Taylor in 1848; became President of the United States upon the death of President Taylor, and served from July 9, 1850, to March 3, 1853; defeated as the Whig candidate for President in 1852, and as National American candidate in 1856; president of the Buffalo historical society, and commanded a corps of home guards during the Civil war; died in Buffalo, N. Y., March 8, 1874. Finch, Isaac, a Representative from New York; born in the State of New Yrok; attended the public schools; member of the state house of representa- tives 1822-1824; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831). Finck, William E., a Representative from Ohio; a resident of Somerset, Ohio; elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867). Finck, William Edward, a Representative from Ohio; born in Somerset, Ohio, September 1, 1822; attended the public schools; studied law, was BIOGRAPHIES. 643 admitted to the bar in September, 1843, and prac- ticed in Somerset, Ohio; member of the state senate in 1851; delegate to the Whig national convention which nominated Scott and Graham in 1852; state senator again in 1861; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867); de- feated as the Democratic candidate for judge of the supreme court of Ohio in 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Hugh J. Jewett, and served from December 7, 1874, to March 3, 1875; died in Somerset, Ohio, January 25, 1901. Findlay, James, a Representative from Ohio; born in Mercersburg, Pa., October 2, 1770; attended the public schools; moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1793; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the territorial legislative council in 1798; of the state house of representa- tives 1803; served in the War of 1812 as colonel of the second Ohio volunteer infantry and was com- missioned brigadier-general of state militia lor gal- lant services in 1812; appointed United States re- ceiver of public moneys at Cincinnati in 1800; appointed United States marshal for Ohio in 1802; mayor of Cincinnati, Ohio, 1810-1811; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1833); defeated as the Jackson Democratic candidate for governor of Ohio in 1834 ; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, December 28, 1835. Findlay, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Mercersburg, Pa., March 31, 1766; received a limited schooling; prothonotary 1809- 1821; moved to Chambersburg, Pa.; register and recorder of deeds; clerk of the orphans court; clerk of the court of quarter sessions; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1827); appointed postmaster at Chambersburg, Pa., and held the office until his death in Chambers- burg, Pa., November 5, 1838. Findlay, John Van Lear, a Representative from Maryland; born near Williamsport, Md., December 21, 1839; was graduated from Princeton in 1858; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Baltimore, Md.; member of the state legislature; collector of internal revenue for one of the Baltimore districts; city solicitor for Balti- more; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); (lied in Baltimore, Md., April 19, 1907. Findlay, William, a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Mercersburg, Pa., June 20, 1768; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Franklinton, Pa. ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1797 and 1803; state treasurer 1807-1817; governor of Penn- sylvania 1817-1820; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from December 10, 1821, to March 3, 1827; Treasurer of the United States mint 1827-1840; died in Harrisburg, Pa., November 12, 1846. Findley, William, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Ireland, January 11, 1751; at- tended the parish schools; came to the United States and located in Philadelphia; served in the Revolutionary War; moved to Westmoreland county, Pa.; member of the state legislature; delegate to the state constitutional convention; elected as a Democrat to the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1799), and reelected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1817); died near Greensburg, Pa., April 5, 1821. Fine, John, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, August 26, 1784; was grad- uated from Columbia college, New York, in 1809; studied law in the Litchfield law school; was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Og- densburg, N. Y., in 1815; first judge of the court of common pleas for St. Lawrence county, 1824-1838; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); again judge of the court of common pleas from February 16, 1843, until the court was abolished in 1847 ; mem- ber of the state senate in 1848; died in Ogdens- burg, N. Y., January 4, 1867. Finerty, John Frederick, a Representative from Illinois; born in Galway, Ireland, September 10, 1846; instructed by private tuition; came to America in 1864 ; enlisted, in the Union Army dur- ing the Civil War and served in the ninety-ninth New York state militia in the United States service; correspondent for the Chicago Times in the Sioux war of 1876, with General Crook; in the Northern Indian (Sioux) war of 1879, with General Miles; in the Ute campaign, 1879, with General Merritt, and afterwards in the Apache campaign of 1881 with General Carr; correspondent in Washington during the sessions of the Forty-sixth Congress; established The Citizen, a weekly newspaper, in Chicago, in 1882; elected as an Independent Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Chicago, 111., June 10, 1908. Finkelnburg, Gustavus Adolphus, a Repre- sentative from Missouri; born near Cologne, Prus- sia, April 6, 1837; emigrated to Missouri with his family in 1848; pursued an academic course in St. Charles college, Missouri; was graduated from the law department of Ohio university in Cin- cinnati; admitted to the bar in St. Louis in 1860; served in the Union Army during the Civil War; elected to the Missouri legislature as a Radical in 1864; reelected in 1866 and chosen speaker pro tempore; elected as a Republican to the Forty- first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1873); appointed United States judge for the eastern district of Missouri by President Roosevelt; died in Denver, Colo., May 18, 1908. Finley, David Edward, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Trenton, Ark., February 28, 1861; attended the schools of Rock Hill and Ebenezer, S. C., and the South Carolina college; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representatives 1890-1891; served in the state senate 1892-1896; trustee of the South Carolina university in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth, and to the five suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Finley, Ebenezer Byron, a Representative from Ohio; born in Orrville, Wayne county, Ohio, July 31, 1833; studied law and was admitted to practice in June, 1862; served in the Union Army during the Civil War as first lieutenant in the sixty -fourth Ohio infantry ; elected as a Democrat to the Fortv-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); adjutant general of Ohio; also served as circuit judge of the third circuit of Ohio; resumed the practice of law in Ohio. 644 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Finley, Hugh Franklin, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Tye's Ferry, Whitley county, Ky., January 18, 1833; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1859; member of the state legislature 1861-1862; commonwealth's attorney 1862-1866; reelected in 1867, and 1868 for six years; defeated for Congress in 1870; elected to the state senate in 1875; appointed United States district attorney for Kentucky in 1876; elected judge of the fifteenth circuit in 1880 for six years; elected as a Republi- can to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March3, 1891); died in Williamsburg, Ky., October 16, 1909. Finley, Jesse Johnson, a Representative from Florida; born near Lebanon, Wilson county, Tenn., November 18, 1812; pursued an academic course; captain in the Seminole war in 1836; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and located in Mississippi county, Ark., in 1840; elected to the state senate in 1841; moved to Memphis, Tenn., in 1842; resumed the practice of law; elected mayor of Memphis 1845 ; moved to Mariana, Fla., in November, 1846; elected to the state senate of Florida in 1850; presi- dential elector on the Whig ticket in 1852; ap- pointed judge of the western circuit of Florida in 1853, and elected to the same office in 1855, and again in 1859; volunteered as a private in the Con- federate army in 1862 ; was promoted to the rank of brigadier general November 16, 1863; paroled in Qumcy, Fla., May 23, 1865; located in Lake City, Fla., in 1865; moved to Jacksonvile, Fla., in 1871; successfully contested as a Democrat the election of Josiah J. Walls to the Forty-fourth Congress and served from April 19, 1876, until March 3, 1877; successfully contested the election of Horatio Bis- bee, jr., to the Forty-fifth Congress and served from February 20, 1879, to March 3, 1879; presented credentials as a member-elect to the Forty-seventh Congress and served from March 4, 1881, until June 1, 1882, when he was succeeded by Horatio Bisbee, jr., who contested his election; presented credentials on December 5, 1887, as a Senator- elect to the United States Senate for the term commencing March 4, 1887, but was never sworn, for the reason that the appointment was made be- fore the vacancy occurred; died in Lake City, Fla., November 6, 1904; interment in Gainesville, Fla. Finney, Darwin Abel, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Shrewsbury, Vt., August 11, 1814; moved with his parents to Meadville, Pa.; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the Meadville college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Meadville ; twice elected to the state house of representatives; member of the state senate; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress, and served from March 4, 1867, until his death, while traveling in Europe, August 25, 1868. Fischer, Israel F., a Representative from New York; born in New York City, August 17, 1858; moved to Brooklyn September, 1887; studied law and was admitted to the bar in December, 1879; member of the executive committee of the Re- publican state committee 1888-1890; chairman of the executive committee of the county for two vears and chairman of the campaign committee in 1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895- March 3, 1899). Fish, Hamilton, a Representative and a Sen- ator from New York; .born in New York City, Au- gust 3, 1808; was graduated from Columbia college i in 1827 ; admitted to the bar in 1830 and practiced in New York City; commissioner of deeds for the city and county of New York; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1845); unsuccessful candidate for reelec- tion; lieutenant governor from November, 1847, to January 1, 1849; governor of New York 1849-1850; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1851, to March 3, 1857; one of the board of commissioners for the relief of Union prisoners of war in the South; appointed by President Grant Secretary of State, and was reappointed and served from March 11, 1869, to March 12, 1877; member of the joint high commission which settled the differences between the United States and Great Britain in 1871, and negotiated the treaty of Washington in 1873; president general of the Society of the Cincinnati; died in Garrison, N. Y., September 7, 1893. Fish, Hamilton, a Representative from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., April 17, 1849; attended private schools in this country and in Switzerland and was graduated from Columbia College in 1869; was admitted to the bar in 1873, and practiced; private secretary to his father, Hamilton Fish, Secretary of State of the United States under President Grant in 1869-1871; mem- ber of the state assembly and served as speaker in 1895 and 1896; appointed by President Roosevelt in 1903 assistant treasurer of the United States at New York city; reappointed in 1907 and served until October, 1908, when he resigned; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); after leaving Congress took up his residence in Garrison, N. Y. Fisher, Charles, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Rowan county, N. C., October 20, 1789; educated by private tutors in Raleigh; studied law, was admitted to the bar but never practiced to any extent; member of the state senate in 1818; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of George Mumford; reelected to the Six- teenth Congress and served from February 11, 1819, to March 3, 1821; declined a renomination; member of the house of commons of North Carolina 1821-1823, 1826-1831, 1833, and 1836; member of the constitutional convention of 1835; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 18397-March 3, 1841); declined the Democratic nomination for governor of North Carolina in 1846; died in Hillsboro, Miss., May 7, 1849. Fisher, David, a Representative from Ohio, bora in Somerset county, Pa., December 3, 1794; moved to 'Ohio, where he received an elementary training; was a lay preacher and newspaper con- tributor; editor and proprietor of a newspaper in Wilmington, Ohio; member of the state house of representatives in 1842; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-Maich 3, 1849); died in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 7, 1886. Fisher, George, a Representative from New York; a resident of Oswego, N. Y.; presented cre- dentials as a Member-elect to the Twenty-first Congress, and served from March 4, 1829, to February 5, 1830, when he was unseated after a contest with Silas Wright, jr. Fisher, George Purnell, a Representative from Delaware; born in Milford, Del., October 13, 1817 ; was graduated from Dickinson college in 1838; admitted to the bar in 1841 and practiced in Dover, BIOGRAPHIES. 645 Del.; member of the state house of representatives in 1843 and 1844; secretary of state in 1846; confi- dential clerk to Secretary Clayton in the Depart- ment of State at Washington in 1849; appointed by President Taylor a commissioner to adjudicate claims against Brazil 1850-1852; attorney general of Delaware 1857-1860; elected as a Union Republi- can to the Thirty -seventh Congress (March 4, 1861- March 3, 1863); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-eighth Congress; appointed by President Lincoln a judge of the supreme court of the District of Columbia, which position he resigned when ap- pointed district attorney for the District of Colum- bia, from which he was removed in 1875; appointed by President Harrison First Auditor of theTreasury Department in 1889; died in Washington, D. C., February 10, 1899. Fisher, Horatio Gates, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Huntingdon, Pa., April 21, 1838; was graduated from Lafayette college, Easton, Pa., July, 1855; engaged in mining, ship- ping, and wholesale coal business; member of city councils 1862-1865; county auditor 1865-1868; burgess 1874-1876; member of the state senate 1876-1879; elected as a Republican to the Forty- sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); died in Huntingdon, Pa., May 8, 1890. Fisher, John, a Representative from New York; born in Londonderry, N. H., March 13, 1806; reared on a farm and afterwards engaged in mer- cantile pursuits; for twenty-one years had charge of an iron manufacturing establishment in Hamil- ton, Canada, where he was a member of the city council; mayor of Hamilton, Canada; returned to New York and settled in Batavia in 1856; acted as state commissioner in the erection of the institu- tion for the blind in Batavia; president of a fire insurance company; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); died in Batavia, N. Y., March 28, 1882. Fisher, Spencer Oliver, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Camden,Hillsdale county, Mich., February 3, 1843; attended the public schools, Albion and Hillsdale colleges in Michigan, but was not graduated from either; engaged in lumbering and banking in West Bay City, Mich.; mayor of the city 1881-1884; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Chicago in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); resumed the lumbering and banking business in Bay City Mich. Fisk, James, a Senator from Vermont; born in Greenwich, Mass., October 4, 1763; served in the Revolutionary War 1779-1782; member of the gen- eral assembly in 1785; entered the Universalist ministry and preached occassionally; moved to Barre, Vt., in 1798; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Barre, Vt.; member of Vermont legislature 1800-1805, 1809- 1810, and 1815; judge of the Orange county court 1802-1809; elected as a Democrat to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1809); reelected to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1815); appointed United States judge for the Territory of Indiana in 1812, but declined; judge of the supreme court of Ver- mont 1815-1816; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Dudley Chase, and served from November 4, 1817, to January 8, 1818, when he resigned; collector of customs for the district of Vermont 1818-1826; moved to Swanton, Vt., in 1819, and died there November 17, 1844. Fisk, Jonathan, a Representative from New York; born in Amherst, N. H., September 26, 1773; attended the public schools; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); again elected to the Thirteenth and Four- teenth Congresses and served from March 4, 1813, to June, 1815, when he resigned, before having taken his seat to the latter Congress, to accept the position of United States attorney for the southern district of New York, and served until June, 1819; died near Newburgh, N. Y., July 13, 1832. Fitch, Asa, a Representative from New York; born in Groton, Conn., November 10, 1765; studied medicine, and practiced in Duanesburg and Salem, N . Y. ; president of the Washington county medical society 1806-1826; justice of the peace 1799; county judge 1810-1821; elected as a Federalist to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); declined a renomination ; resumed the prac- tice of medicine in Salem; died in Salem, N. Y., August 24, 1843. Fitch, Ashbel Parmelee, a Representative from New York; born in Moores, Clinton county, N. Y., October 8, 1848; attended the public schools of New York, Williston seminary, East Hampton, Mass., and the universities of Jena and Berlin, Germany, and Columbia college law school in New York City; was admitted to the bar in November, 1869, and practiced in New York City; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth Congress and as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1887, until December 26, 1893, when he resigned; comptroller of New York City 1893-1897; died in New York City, May 4, 1904. Fitch, Graham Newel, a Representative and a Senator from Indiana; born in Leroy, N. Y., Decembers, 1809; pursued classical studies; studied medicine in the Fairfield, N. Y., medical college and practiced in Logansport, Ind. ; professor in Rush medical college, Chicago, 111., 1844-1849; Indiana presidential elector in 1844, 1848, and 1856; mem- ber of the state legislature in 1836 and 1839; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); elected to the United States Senate and served from Feb- ruary 4, 1857, to March 3, 1861; raised the forty- sixth Indiana volunteer infantry during the Civil war and served as its colonel; delegate in the national Democratic convention of 1868; died in Logansport, Ind.^ November 29, 1892. Fitch, Thomas, a Representative from Nevada; born in New York City, January 27, 1838; attended the public schools; went to Milwaukee, Wis., in 1855; engaged as clerk; local editor of the Milwau- kee Free Democrat in 1859 and 1860; went to Cali- fornia in 1860; edited the San Francisco Times and Placerville Republican; studied law; member of the California assembly in 1862-1863; went to Nevada in June, 1863; elected a member of the convention which framed the state constitution in 1864; Union nominee for Territorial Delegate to Congress in 1864; district attorney of Washoe county in 1865 and 1866; elected to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871). Fite, Samuel McClary, a Representative from Tennessee; born near Alexandria, Smith 646 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. county, Tenn., June 12, 1816; attended the com- mon schools and was graduated from Clinton college, Tennessee; studied law in Lebanon, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Carth- age, Tenn.; member of the state senate in 1850; presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1852; judge of the sixth judicial district 1858-1861; resumed the practice of law in Carthage, Tenn.; appointed on July 24, 1869, judge of the sixth judicial -district to fill a vacancy; elected on Jan- uary 8, 1870, and served until 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John W. Head, and served from March 4, 1875, until his death, before the assembling of Congress, in Hot Springs, Ark., October 23, 1875. Fithian, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Illinois; oorn near Willow Hill, 111., July 1, 1854; attended the common schools; learned the printer's trade in Mount Carmel, 111.; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1875; elected state attorney of Jasper county in 1876; reelected in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty -first, Fifty- second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1895); railroad and warehouse commis- sioner of Illinois 1895-1897; resumed the practice of law in Newton, 111. Fitzgerald, Frank T., a Representative from New York; a resident of New York City; elected to the Fifty-first Congress, and served from March 4, 1889, until his death in New York City Novem- ber 4, 1889, before the convening of the Congress. Fitzgerald, John Francis, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., Feb- ruary 11, 1865; attended the Boston Latin school, Boston college, and Harvard college, but was not graduated from either; member of the Boston com- mon council of 1892; elected a member of the Mas- sachusetts state senate in 1893 and 1894; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1901); mayor of Boston 1906-1907; reelected in 1910. Fitzgerald, John Joseph, a Representative from New York; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 10, 1872; attended the city schools, and was gradu- ated from Manhattan college, New York City; studied law in the New York law school and was admitted to the bar in 1893; delegate in the Demo- cratic national convention of 1900; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth, and to the five suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911); delegate to the Democratic national convention in 1912. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Fitzgerald, Thomas, a Senator from Michigan; born in Germantown, N. Y., April 10, 1796; pur- sued an academic course; served under General Harrison in the War of 1812; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice in Indianapolis, Ind., in 1818; served one term in the Indiana legislature; in 1832 moved to St. Jo- seph, Mich.; appointed to the United Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Lewis Cass, and served from June 8, 1848, to January 20, 1849; died in Niles, Mich., March 25, 1855. Fitzgerald, William, a Representative from Tennessee; born in that state; received a thorough English training; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Dresden, Tenn.; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty- second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833). Fitzhugh, William, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Eagles Nest, King George county, Va., August 24, 1741; pursued classical studies with private tutors; Delegate to the Continental Con- gress, 1779-1780; died at Ravensworth, Fairfax county, Va., July 6, 1809. Fitzpatrick, Benjamin, a Senator from Ala- bama; born in Greene county, Ga., June 30, 1802; left an orphan, he was taken by his brother to Ala- bama in 1815; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Montgomery in 1821 and practiced until 1829; solicitor of the Montgomery circuit 1822-1823; removed to his plantation in Autauga county in 1829, and devoted himself to planting; governor of Alabama, 1841- 1845; appointed as a State Rights Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Dixon II . Lewis, and served from No- vember 20, 1848, to November 30, 1849; again ap- pointed and subsequently elected a United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William R. King, and served from January 14, 1853, to March 3, 1861; served as president of the Senate pro tempore ; delegate to the Union national convention at Philadelphia in 1866; died on his plantation near Wetumpka, Ala., November 25, 1869. Fitzpatrick, Morgan Cassias, a Representa- tive from Tennessee; born in Tuscaloosa, Ala., Oc- tober 29, 1868; attended the common schools of Tennessee, University of Ohio, was graduated from the law department of Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn.; admitted to the bar, practiced law; edited a newspaper; served two terms in the state legislature; elected speaker of the Tennessee house of representatives; served two terms as state superintendent of public instruction; chairman of the State Democratic executive committee; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905); died in Gallatin, Tenn., June 25, 1908. Fitzpatrick, Thomas Young, a Representa- tive from Kentucky; born in Floyd county, Ky., September 20, 1850; attended the common schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1877; filled the positions of county judge, county attor- ney, and representative in the state legislature; Democratic elector in 1884 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty -sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901); died January 21, 1906. Fitzsimons, Thomas, a Delegate and a Repre- sentative from Pennsylvania; born in Belfast, Ire- land, in 1741; came to the United States and en- tered a countinghouse in Philadelphia as clerk; commanded a company of volunteer home guards during the Revolutionary War; member of the state house of representatives 1786-1787 ; Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1782-1783, and the United States constitutional convention in 1787; elected to the First, Second, and Third Con- gresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1795); president of the Philadelphia chamber of commerce; held several local offices; died in Philadelphia, Pa., August 26, 1811. Flack, William Henry, a Representative from New York; born in Franklin Falls, Franklin county, N. Y., March 22, 1861; attended the public schools; became interested in lumbering and tan- ning; supervisor of the town of Waverly seven years and chairman of the board for two years; elected county clerk of Franklin county in 1897 and re- BIOGBAPHIES. 647 elected in 1900; chairman of the Republican county committee from 1898 to 1902; served as trustee of the village of Malone, and elected presi- dent of said village in 1902 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1909). Flagler, Thomas Thorn, a Representative from New York; born in Pleasant Valley, Dutchess county, N. Y., October 12, 1811; attended the com- mon schools; learned the printer's trade and be- came one of the owners and publishers of the Che- nango Republican, Oxford, N. Y.; removed to Lockport in 1834; member of the state house of representatives in 1842 and 1843; county treasurer 1849-1852; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March. 4, 1853- March 3, 1857); again a member of the state house of representatives in 1860; member of the state constitutional convention of 1867-1868; died in Lockport, N. Y., September 6, 1897. Flanagan, De Witt Clinton, a Representative from New Jersey; born in New York City, Decem- ber 28, 1870; attended Columbia college, New York City; pursued a commercial career; became inter- ested in a number of industrial enterprises; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Joshua S. Salmon, and served from January 5, 1903, to March 3, 1903. Flanagan, James Winright, a Representative and a Senator from Texas; born in Gordons ville, Va., September 5, 1805; attended the common schools; moved in 1816 to Cloverport, Ky., where he engaged in mercantile pursuits; justice of the peace 1823-1833; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in the Breckenridge county cir- cuit 1833-1843; moved to Henderson, Tex., in 1843, where he practiced; member of the state house of representatives 1851-1852; served in the state senate 1855-1856; presidential elector on the Fill- more ticket in 1857; member of the state constitu- tional convention in 1866 and 1868; lieutenant governor of Texas in 1869; elected to the Forty- first Congress, but did not take his seat; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate on the reconstruction of Texas and served from February 22, 1870, to March 3, 1875; died September 28, 1887. Flanders, Alvan, a Delegate from Washington Territory; born in Hopkinton, N. H., August 2, 1825; attended the public schools; learned the ma- chinist trade in Boston ; moved to California in 1851, and there engaged in the lumber business until 1858; one of the projectors and proprietors of the San Francisco Daily Times; member of the state legislature in 1861 ; appointed register of the Hum- boldt land office; moved to Washington Territory and engaged in business; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); appointed by President Grant governor of Washington Territory and served one year. Flanders, Benjamin Franklin, a Representa- tive from Louisiana; born in Bristol, N. H., Jan- uary 26, 1816; attended New Hampton (New Hampshire) academy and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1842; studied law, but was never admitted to the bar; edited the New Or- leans Tropic in 1845; elected alderman of New Orleans in 1847; superintendent of public schools 1850; reelected alderman in 1852; secretary and treasurer of the New Orleans, Opelousas and Great Western Railroad Co., 1852-1861; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-seventh Congress, and served from February 23, 1863, to March 3, 1863; military governor of Louisiana 1867-1868; ap- pointed in 1863 special agent for the Treasury De- partment; mayor of New Orleans 1870-1872; assist- ant United States Treasurer of the United States in New Orleans 1873-1882; unsuccessful candidate for state treasurer on the Republican ticket in 1888; died near Youngsville, La., March 13, 1896. Fleeger, George W., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Concord township, Butler county, Pa., March 13, 1839; attended the common schools and West Sunbury academy; enlisted in the Union army June 10, 1861, as private in com- pany C, eleventh regiment Pennsylvania reserves, and was discharged as first lieutenant March 13, 1865; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1866 in Butler, Pa. ; member of the state legislature 1871-1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); re- sumed the practice of law in Butler, Pa., and died there June 25, 1894. Fleming, William, a Delegate from Virginia; born July 6, 1736; studied medicine at the univer- sity of Edinburgh, and entered the British navy as a surgeon; came to Virginia in 1755; captain in the French and Indian war under Washington; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1763; member of the house of burgesses; a delegate in the Virginia conventions of 1775 and 1776; member of the committee of independence in 1776; a judge of the general court and presiding judge of the court of appeals; sat in the Continental Con- gress 1779-1781; died February 15, 1824. Fleming, William Henry, a Representative from Georgia; born in Augusta, Ga., October 18, 1856; attended Summerville academy, Richmond county academy, and the State University in Athens, Ga., from which institution he received the degrees of civil engineer and master of arts; superintendent of the public schools of Augusta and Richmond county, Ga., in January, 1877, and resigned in August, 1880; was admitted to the bar in November, 1880; elected to the state legislature in 1888, 1890, 1892, and 1894, and served as speaker of the house; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1903); resumed the prac- tice of law in Augusta, Ga. Fletcher, Duncan Upshaw, a Senator from Florida; born in Sumter county, Ga., January 6, 1859; moved with his parents to Monroe county in 1860; attended the common schools, Gordon insti- tute, Barnesville, Ga., and was graduated from Vanderbilt university, Nashville, Tenn., in 1880; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Jacksonville, Fla.; member of the state legislature in 1893; mayor of Jacksonville 1893-1895 and 1901-1903; chairman of the board of public instruction of Duval county 1900-1906; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate for term beginning March 4, 1909, and expiring March 3, 1915. Fletcher, Isaac, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Dunstable, Mass., November 22, 1784; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1808; taught in the academy at Chesterfield, N. H.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; state attorney 648 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. of Caledonia county, Vt., for eight years; member of the state constitutional convention of 1822; was graduated from the university of Vermont in 1825; member of the state house of representatives, and served one term as speaker; elected as an Anti- Masonic Democrat to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); defeated for reelection; adjutant general on the governor's staff; died in Lyndon, Vt., October 19, 1842. Fletcher, Loren, a Representative from Minne- sota; born in Mount Vernon, Kennebec county, Me., April 10, 1833; attended the public schools and Maine Wesleyan seminary, Kents Hill, Me.; removed to Bangor in 1853, where he was employed by a lumber company; moved to Minneapolis, Minn., in 1856, where he engaged in manufacturing and mercantile pursuits, largely in the manufac- ture of lumber and flour; elected to the state legis- lature in 1872, was reelected seven times, and served the last three terms as speaker; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1903); reelected to the Fifty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907); resides in Minneapolis, Minn. Fletcher, Richard, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Cavendish, Vt., January 8, 1788; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1806; studied law under Daniel Webster was admitted to the bar in 1809 and commenced practice in Salisbury, N. H.; moved to Boston, Mass., in 1819; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837- March 3, 1839); judge of the supreme court of Massachusetts 1848-1853; died in Boston, Mass., June 21, 1869. Fletcher, Thomas, a Representative from Kentucky; located in Montgomery county, Ky.; member of the state legislature 1803, 1805, and 1806; served in the War of 1812 as major of Ken- tucky volunteers under General Harrison and distinguished himself at Fort Meigs, May 15, 1813; elected to the Fourteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Clark, and served from December 2, 1816, to March 3, 1817; declined a reelection; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1817, 1820 j 1821, and 1825. Flick, James Patton, a Representative from Iowa; born in Bakerstown, Allegheny county, Pa., August 28, 1845 ; moved with his parents to Wapello county, Iowa, in 1852, and to Taylor county in 1857 ; attended the common schools; enlisted in the fourth Iowa infantry April 3, 1862, and served as a private soldier; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1870; member of the general assembly; district attorney of the third 'judicial district of Iowa for six years; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893); resumed the practice of Jaw in Bedford, Iowa. Flint, Frank Putnam, a Senator from Cali- fornia; born in North Reading, Mass., July 15, 1862; moved with his parents to San Francisco, Cal., in 1869; attended the public schools; in 1888 moved to Los Angeles; studied law and was ad- mitted to practice in 1888; served as deputy United States marshal; appointed assistant United States attorney in 1892; appointed United States district attorney for the southern district of Cali- fornia in 1897; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1905, to March 3, 1911; resumed the practice of law in Los Angeles, Cal. Flood, Henry Delaware, a Representative from Virginia; born in Appomattox county, Va., September 2, 1865; attended the schools of Appo- mattox and Richmond, Washington and Lee uni- versity, and the University of Virginia; began the practice of the law on September 15, 1886; elected to the house of delegates of the general assembly of Virginia in 1887 and reelected in 1889; elected to the state senate in 1891, reelected in 1895 and in 1899; elected attorney for the commonwealth of Appomattox county in 1891, 1895, and 1899; presi- dential elector on the Cleveland and Stevenson ticket in 1892; nominated for Congress by the Dem- ocratic party in 1896 and defeated; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Flood, Thomas S., a Representative from New York; born in Lodi, Seneca county, N. Y., April 12, 1844 ; attended the common schools and Elmira free academy; an alderman of Elmira 1882-1883; presi- dent of the Chemung county agricultural society 1884-1885; engaged in farming and lumbering; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty- first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891). Florence, Elias, a Representative from Ohio! born in Fauquier county, Va., February 15, 1797! attended the public schools; engaged in agricul- tural pursuits; moved to Ohio, locating in Circle- ville, Piqua county; member of the state house of representatives in 1829, 1830, 1834, and 1840; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); member of the con- stitutional convention of 1850; died in Muhlenberg township, Pickaway county, Ohio, November 21, 1880. Florence, Thomas Birch, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., January 26, 1812; attended the public schools; learned the hatter's trade and engaged in that busi- ness in 1833; Democratic candidate for the Thir- tieth and Thirty-first Congresses, but was defeated ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second, Thirty- third, Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1861); after leaving Congress edited and published various newspapers in Washington, D. C.; defeated as the Democratic candidate in his old district for the Forty-first Congress; defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress; died in Washington, D. C., July 3, 1875. Flournoy, Thomas Stanhope, a Representa- tive from Virginia; born in Prince Edward county, Va., December 15, 1811; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Halifax, Va.; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); defeated for the Thirty-first Congress; en- tered the Confederate army and was wounded in battle in Virginia in June, 1864; died March 13, 1883. Flower, Roswell Pettibone, a Representative from New York; born in Theresa, Jefferson county, N. Y., August 7, 1835; was graduated from the BIOGRAPHIES. 649 Theresa high school in 1851; engaged in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits in 1851 ; assistant post- master of Watertown, N. Y., 1854-1860; moved to New York City and entered into the banking busi- ness in 1869; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Levi P. Morton, and served from December 5, 1881, to March 3, 1883; reelected to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses and served from March 4, 1889, to September 16, 1891, when he resigned; in November, 1891, elected gov- ernor of New York and served until 1895; died in Eastport, N. Y., May 12, 1899. Flower, Samuel, a Representative from New Jersey; a resident of Hamburg, N. J.; elected to the Twenty- third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835). Floyd, Charles A., a Representative from New York; born in New York; attended the common schools; county clerk 1820-1821; district attorney in 1830; member of the state legislature in 1836 and 1838; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); surrogate from January, 1844, to July, 1847. Floyd, John, a Representative from Virginia; born in Jefferson county, Va., April 24, 1783; pur- sued an academic course; attended Dickinson col- lege, and was graduated from the medical depart- ment of the University of Pennsylvania in 1806; began practice in Blacksburg, Va.; justice of the peace in 1807; surgeon in the Virginia line in 1812; for several years a member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1829); governor of Virginia from 1829 to 1834; died in Sweet Springs, Va., August 16, 1837. Floyd, John, a Representative from Georgia; born in Beaufort, S. C., October 3, 1769; moved in 1791 with his father to Camden county, Georgia, and engaged in boat building; served in the War of 1812 as brigadier general in expeditions against the Creek Indians; served as a member of the state house of representatives from 1820-1827; elected to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); died near Jefferson, Ga., June 24, 1839. Floyd, John Charles, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Sparta, White county, Tenn., April 14, 1858; moved with his parents to Benton county, Ark., in 1869, where he attended the com- mon and high schools; in 1876 entered the State university in Fayetteville, Ark . , taking the classical course, and was graduated in 1879; in 1880 and 1881 taught school; in 1882 read law and was admitted to the bar; the same year he located in Yellville, where he practiced; in 1888 was elected representa- tive in the state legislature; in 1890 and again in 1892 elected prosecuting attorney; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Floyd, John G., a Representative from New York; born in the state of New York; attended the common schools; member of the state house of representatives 1839-1843; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); reelected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853). Floyd, William, a Delegate and a Representa- tive from New York; born in Brookhaven, Long Island, N. Y., December 17, 1734; pursued an academic course; was prominent in the ante- Rev- olutionary movements; Delegate in the Continen- tal Congress 1774-1777; signed the Declaration of Independence; member of the state senate 1777- 1778; again Delegate in the Continental Congress 1778-1783; again a state senator 1784-1788; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); presidential elector in 1792; moved in 1794 to Westernville, Oneida county; presidential elector in 1800, 1804, and 1820; delegate to the state con- stitutional convention in 1801 ; again state senator in 1808; died in Westernville, N. Y., August 4, 1821. Flye, Edwin, a Representative from Maine; born in New Castle, Me., March 4, 1817; completed preparatory studies; engaged in mercantile pur- suits and ship building; was a member of the state house of representatives in 1858; was for many years president of the first National bank of Damaris- cotta, Me.; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1876; was elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of James G. Blaine, and served from December 4, 1876, to March 3, 1877. Flynn, Dennis T., a Delegate from Oklahoma Territory; born in Phoenixville, Pa., February 13, 1862; removed with parents two years later to Buffalo, N. Y., where he resided until 1880, when he moved to Riverside, Iowa; was admitted to the bar and established the Riverside Leader; moved from Iowa in 1881 to Kiowa, Kans., where he estab- lished the Kiowa Herald and pursued the practice of law; elected city attorney; appointed postmaster of Kiowa; moved to Oklahoma Territory April 22, 1889, and was commissioned by President Harrison postmaster of the city of Guthrie; elected to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); defeated for the Fifty-fifth Congress; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899- March 3, 1903); nominated, but declined to be a candidate for the Fifty-eighth Congress; was the Republican nominee for United States Senator in 1908, but was defeated; resides in Oklahoma City, Okla. Focht, Benjamin K., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in New Bloomfield, Pa., March 12, 1863; attended Bucknell university, Pennsyl- vania state college, and Susquehanna university; editor and proprietor of the Saturday News pub- lished in Lewisburg; served as an officer of the National guard of Pennsylvania; served three terms in the state assembly and four years in the state senate; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Foelker, Otto Godfrey, a Representative from New York; born in Germany in 1875; came to America with his parents in 1888 and located in Troy, N. Y.; moved to Brooklyn in December, 1895; attended public schools; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar and practiced in Brooklyn; mem- ber of the state assembly in 1904-1905; state senator 1906-1908; elected to the Sixtieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Charles T. Dun- well; reelected to the Sixty-first Congress, and served from December 7, 1908, to March 3, 1911; resumed the practice of law in California. 650 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. Foerderer, Robert Hermann, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Frankenhausen, Germany, May 16, 1860, while his parents were so- journing in Europe; attended public and private schools; engaged as a manufacturer of leather; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905); died in Torresdale, Pa., July 26, 1903. Fogg, George Oilman, a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Meredith, Belknap county, N. H., May 26, 1813; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1839; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1842 and began practice in Oilman ton, N. H.; secretary of state of New Hampshire in 1846; newspaper pub- lisher from 1847 to 1861; reporter of the state su- preme court 1856-1860; appointed by President Lincoln United States minister resident to Switzer- land and served from March 28, 1861, to October 16, 1865; appointed as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Daniel Clark, and served from August 31, 1866, to March 3, 1867; died in Concord, N. H., October 5, 1881. Foley, James B., a Representative from Indi- ana; native of Kentucky; received a limited school- ing; moved to Greensburg, Ind.; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859). Folger, Walter, jr., a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Nantucket, Mass., June 12, 1765; attended the public schools; member of the state senate from 1809 to 1815, and 1822; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821); died in Nantucket, Mass., September 8, 1849. Follett, John Fassett, a Representative from Ohio; born in Franklin county, Vt., February 18, 1831 ; moved with his parents to Ohio in 1837 and settled in Licking county; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Marietta college in 1855; taught school two years; studied law, and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1858; elected to the state legis- lature in 1865 and 1867; elected in January, 1868, speaker of the house of representatives; in Septem- ber, 1868, moved to Cincinnati and engaged in the practice of law; presidential elector at large on the Hancock and English ticket in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); resumed practice of law; unsuccessful candidate for election to tbe Fifty- sixth Congress; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, April 15, 1902. Folsom, Nathaniel, a Delegate from New Hampshire; born in Exeter, N. H., September 18, 1726; attended the public schools; served in the Seven Years' war as captain in Colonel Blanchard's regiment; successively major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel of the fourth regiment of New Hamp- shire militia, which he commanded at the begin- ning of the Revolutionary war; brigadier general of the New Hampshire troops sent to Massachusetts, and served during the siege of Boston; appointed major general and made the details of troops sent from New Hampshire to Ticonderoga; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1774-1775 and 1777-1780; executive councilor in 1778; a delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1783, and its presi- dent; chief justice of the court of common pleas; died in Exeter, N. H., May 26, 1790. Foot, Samuel Augustus, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Cheshire, Conn., November 8, 1780; pursued an academic course; was graduated from Yale in 1797; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Cheshire; engaged in mercantile pursuits at New Haven; for several years a member of the state house of representatives and twice its speaker; elected as a Whig to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); reelected to the Eight- eenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1827, to March 3, 1833; defeated for reelection; again elected to the T\/enty-third Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1833, to May 9, 1834, when he resigned to become governor of Con- necticut; served as governor from 1834 to 1835; presidential elector on the Clay and Frclinghuy- sen ticket in 1844; died in Cheshire, Conn., Sep- tember 15, 1846. Foot, Solomon, a Representative and a Senator from Vermont; born in Cornwall, Addison county, Vt., November 19, 1802; pursued classical studies, graduating at Middlebury College in 1826; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1831 and com- menced practice in Rutland, Vt.; state representa- tive 1833 and 1836-1838 and served as speaker of the house the last two sessions; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1836; state's at- torney 1836-1842; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); defeated as a candidate for Clerk of the House of Representatives in Decem- ber, 1849; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; twice reelected and served from March 4, 1851, until his death; served several times as president pro tempore of the Senate; died in Washington, D. C., March 28, 1866. Foote, Charles Augustus, a Representative from New York; born in Newburgh, N. Y., April 15, 1785; completed preparatory studies and was grad- uated from Union college, Schenectady, N. Y.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Delhi, N. Y.; colonel of county militia; trustee of St. John's academy; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); died in Delhi, N. Y., August 1, 1828. Foote, Henry Stuart, a Senator from Missis- sippi; born in Fauquier county, Va., September 20, 1800; pursued classical studies; was graduated from Washington college, Virginia, 1819; studied law, and in 1822 was admitted to the bar and began practice in Tuscumbia, Ala., in 1824; moved in 1826 to Jackson, Miss.; was presidential elector in 1844; elected as a Unionist to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1847, until the fall of 1851, when he resigned; elected governor of Mississippi and served from 1852 to 1854; moved to California; returned to Vicksburg, Miss., in 1858; member of the Southern convention in Knoxville in 1859; elected to the first and second Confederate congresses; afterwards moved to Washington, D. C., where he practiced law; died in Nashville, Tenn., May 20, 1880. Fooie, Wallace Turner, jr., a Representative from New York; born in Port Henry, Essex county, N. Y., April 7, 1864; attended the Port Henry union school ; prepared for college at Willistion semi- nary, East Hampton, Mass., and was graduated as civil engineer from Union college, Schenectady, in 1885; elected alumni trustee of that university in 1896; assistant superintendent of the Cedar Point BIOGRAPHIES. 651 Furnace in Port Henry from 1885 to 1887; entered Columbia law school in 1889; was admitted to the bar and practiced law in Port Henry; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); died in New York City, December 17, 1910. Foraker, Joseph Benson, a Senator from Ohio; born near Rainsboro, Highland county, Ohio, July 5, 1846; enlisted July 14, 1862, as a private in company A, eighty-ninth regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, and served until the close of the war, retiring with the rank of first lieutenant and brevet captain; was graduated from Cornell university, Ithaca, N. Y., July 1, 1869; was admitted to the bar and entered upon the practice of the law in Cin- cinnati, Ohio, October 14, 1869; elected judge of the superior court of Cincinnati in April, 1879; re- signed May 1, 1882; unsuccessful Republican can- didate for governor of Ohio in 1883; elected gov- ernor in 1885 and 1887; again defeated in 1889; chairman of the Republican state conventions of Ohio 1886, 1890, 1896, and 1900, and a delegate at large to the Republican national conventions of 1884, 1888, 1892, 1896, and 1900 ; chairman of the Ohio delegation in the conventions of 1884 and 1888 ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; relected in 1903, and served from March 4, 1897 to March 4, 1909; resumed the practice of law in Cincinnati, Ohio. Foran, Martin Ambrose, a Representative from Ohio; born in Choconut, Susquehanna county, Pa., November 11, 1844; received a public school and collegiate training; served in the fourth Penn- sylvania cavalry from April, 1864, to July, 1865, as a private; member of the constitutional convention of Ohio in 1873; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1874; prosecuting attorney for city of Cleveland from April, 1875, to April, 1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889); resumed the practice of law in Cleveland, Ohio; judge of the court of common pleas and re- sides in Cleveland, Ohio. Forbes, James, a Delegate from Maryland; sat in the Continental Congress 1778-1780; died March 25, 1780. Ford, George, a Representative from Indiana; born in South Bend, Ind., January 11, 1846; at- tended the common schools; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in South Bend; prosecuting attorney for ten years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); after leaving Congress re- turned to South Bend, Ind., where he resumed the practice of law. Ford, James, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; native of that state; held several local offices in Lawrencevillc; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831). Ford, Melbourne H., a Representative from Michigan; born in Saline, Mich., June 30, 1849; attended the Michigan agricultural college and the United States naval academy; served in the Navy during the latter part of the Civil War; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1878 but never engaged in practice; official stenographer of several municipal, state, and Federal courts; member of the Michigan legislature 1885-1886; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); reelected to the Fifty-second Congress, and served from March 4, 1891, until his death in Grand Rapids, Mich., April 20, 1891. Ford, Nicholas, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Wicklow, Ireland, June 21, 1833; emigrated to America in 1848 ; engaged in mercantile pursuits in St. Joseph, Mo.; elected as a National to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); unsuccessful Re- publican candidate for governor of Missouri in 1888; died in Miltonvale, Kans., June 18, 1897. Ford, William D., a Representative from New York; born in Providence, ft. 1.; received a limited schooling; moved to Jefferson county, N. Y.; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1816- 1817; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); died in Watertown, N. Y. Fordney, Joseph Warren, a Representative from Michigan; born in Blackford county, Ind., November 5, 1853; attended the common schools; moved to Saginaw, Mich., in June, 1869; engaged in the lumber industry; vice president of the Saginaw board of trade; elected alderman in 1895 and 1897; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- sixth, Fifty -seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. i Forester, John B., a Representative from Ten- nessee; native of that state; received a limited schooling; elected to the Twenty -third and Twenty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837). Forker, Samuel C., a Representative from New Jersey; born in Mount Holly, N. J., March 16, 1821; completed preparatory studies; engaged in banking; director and cashier of the Bordentown banking company; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873). Forman, William St. John, a Representative from Illinois; born in Natchez, Miss., January 20, 1847; moved with his father to Nashville, 111., in 1851; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Nashville; member of the state senate; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty- second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1895); after leaving Congress he moved to East St. Louis, 111., where he resumed the prac- tice of law; collector of internal revenue 1895-1899, died in East St. Louis, 111., June 10, 1908. Fornance, Joseph, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Lower Merion township, Montgomery county, Pa., October 18, 1804; at- tended the public schools; sudied law, was admit- ted to the bar in 1832, and practiced in Norris- town, Pa.; member of the state house of Repre- sentatives in 1834; appointed Winfield Scott Han- cock a cadet to West Point military academy; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); died in Morristown, Montgomery county, Pa., November 24, 1852. Fornes, Charles Vincent, a Representative from New York; born in Williamsville, Erie county, N. Y., January 22, 1846; was graduated from Union academy, Lockport, N. Y., and was princi- pal of a Buffalo public school for three years; moved to New York City in 1877 and engaged in 652 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. business as an importer and jobber of woolens; from January, 1902, to January, 1906, president of the board of aldermen of New York City; trustee and director in several banks and corporations; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Re- elected to the, Sixty-second Congress. Forney, Daniel Munroe, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Lincoln County, N. C., in May, 1784; served in the War of 1812 as major; held several local offices; elected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses and served from March 4, 1815, until 1818, when he resigned; appointed by President Monroe a commissioner to treat with the Creek Indians; member of the state senate 1823-1826; moved to Alabama in 1834 and located in Lowndes county, where he died Octo- ber 15, 1847. Forney, Peter, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Lincoln county, N. C., April 21, 1756; attended the public schools; served in the Revolutionary War; engaged in the manufacture of iron; member of the house of commons of North Carolina in 1794-1796, and state senator 1801-1802; elected to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813- March 3, 1815); presidential elector on the Jeffer- son ticket in 1805, the Madison ticket in 1809 and in 1813, the Monroe ticket in 1817, the John Quincy Adams ticket in 1825, and the Jackson ticket in 1829; died in his country home, known as ''Mount Welcome," Lincoln county, N. C., February 1, 1834. Forney, William Henry, a Representative from Alabama; born in Lincolnton, N. C., November 9, 1823; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from the University of Alabama in 1844 ; served in the War with Mexico as a first lieutenant in the first regiment of Alabama volunteers; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1848, and practiced; trustee of the University of Alabama 1851-1860; member of the state house of representatives 1859- 1860; entered the Confederate army at the com- mencement of hostilities in 1861 as captain, and was successively promoted major, lieutenant col- onel, colonel, and brigadier general; surrendered at Appomattox Court House; member of the state senate of Alabama 1865-1866; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, and to the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1891); died in Jacksonville, Ala., January 16, 1894. Forrest, Thomas, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa.; attended the public schools; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); reelected to the Seventeenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Milnor, and served from December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1823; died in Phila- delphia, Pa., March 20, 1825. Forrest, Uriah, a Delegate and a Representa- tive from Maryland ; born in St. Marys county, Md., in 1756; received a limited schooling; served as a private in the Revolutionary War; wounded at the battle of Germantown, and lost a leg at the battle of Brandy wine; a Delegate in the Continental Con- gress 1786-1787; elected to the Third Congress, and served from March 4, 1793, to November 8, 1794, when he resigned; commissioned major general of Maryland militia in 1795; clerk of the circuit court of the District of Columbia 1800-1805; died near Georgetown, D. C., in April, 1805. Forsyth, John, a Representative and a Senator from Georgia; born in Fredericksburg, Va., Octo- ber 22, 1780; was graduated from Princeton college in 1799; moved to Augusta, Ga., with his father; studied law, and in 1802 was admitted to the bar; began practice in Augusta; attorney general of Georgia in 1808; elected as a Democrat to the Thir- teenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1813, to November 23, 1818, elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George M. Troup, and served from November 7, 1818, to February 17, 1819, when he resigned; appointed United States minister to Spain and served until March 2, 1823; again elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827); again elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of J. Mac- pherson Berrien, and served from November 9, 1829, to June 27, 1834, when he resigned, having been appointed Secretary of State by President Jackson; reappointed by President Van Buren, and served from July 1, 1834, to March 4, 1841; died in Washington, D. C., October 21, 1841. Forsythe, Albert Palaska, a Representative from Illinois; born in New Richmond, Ohio, May 24, 1830; attended the common schools and Asbury university; served in the Union army as first lieu- tenant; elected as a Nationalist to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); after the expiration of his term moved to Kansas; died in Independence, Kans., September 2, 1906. Fort, Greenbury Lafayette, a Representative from Illinois; born in French Grant, Scioto county, Ohio, October 11, 1825; moved with his parents to Marshall county, 111. in April, 1834; completed preparatory studies and attended Rock River seminary; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1847 and practiced in Lacon, 111.; elected sheriff in 1850; served as county clerk in 1852; served in the Union army; second lieutenant eleventh Illinois infantry April 30, 1861; first lieutenant with rank of quartermaster May 22, 1861; captain September 1, 1861; lieutenant colonel and quarter- master July 21, 1864, to August 1, 1865; brevet major and lieutenant colonel of volunteers March 13, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service dur- ing the war;" mustered out March 20, 1866; mem- ber of the state senate in 1866; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses (Mardh 4, 1873-March 3, 1881); died in Lacon, 111., January 13, 1883. Fort, Tomlinson, a Representative from Georgia; born in Warren county, Ga., July 14, 1787; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine, and in 1810 began practice; served several years as a member of the state legislature; elected on a general ticket to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); resumed the practice of medi- cine in Milledgeville; president of the State Bank of Georgia in 1832 and served until his death in Milledgeville, Ga., May 11, 1859. Forward, Chauncey, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Old Granby, Conn., Feb- ruary 4, 1793; moved with his father to Ohio in 1800; moved to Greensburg, Pa., a short time after- wards; pursued classical studies; studied law; and in 1817 was admitted to the bar in Pittsburgh, Pa.; began practice in Somerset, Pa.; served in both branches of the state legislature; elected as a Demo- crat to the Nineteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Alexander Thomson; BIOGRAPHIES. 653 reelected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Con- gresses, and served from December 4, 1826, to March 3, 1831; appointed prothonotary and re- corder of Somerset county in 1831 ; died in Somer- set, Pa., October 19, 1839. Forward, Walter, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in East Granby, Conn., January 24, 1783; attended the common schools; moved with his father to Aurora, Ohio; settled in Pittsburgh, Pa., in 1803; studied law, and in 1806 was ad- mitted to the bar; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry Baldwin; reelected to the Eighteenth Congress, and served from Decem- ber 2, 1822, to March 3 ; 1823; member of the state constitutional convention of 1837; appointed by President Harrison First Comptroller of the Treas- ury, April 6, 1841 and served until September 13, 1841, when he was appointed Secretary of the Treasury by President Tyler, which position he held until March 1, 1843; resumed the practice of law in Pittsburgh; appointed by President Taylor charge" d'affaires to Denmark and served from November 8, 1849, to October 10, 1851; returned to serve as president judge of the district court of Allegheny county; died in Pittsburgh, Pa., November 24, 1852. Fosdick, Nicoll, a Representative from New York; born in New London, Conn., November 9, 1785; completed preparatory studies; moved to Norway, N. Y.; presidential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1816; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1818-1819; elected as a Whig to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3,1827); returned to New London in 1843, and was collector of customs 1849-1853; died in New London, Conn., May 7, 1868. Foss, Eugene Noble, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in West Berkshire, Vt., September 24, 1858; attended the common schools, Franklin county high school, St. Albans, Vt., and the University of Vermont; located in Boston, Mass., in 1882, and engaged in manufacturing; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William C. Levering, and served from April 7, 1910, to March 3, 1911; elected governor of Massachusetts in 1911, 1912, and 1913. Foss, George Edmund, a Representative from Illinois; born in Berkshire, Franklin county, Vt., July 2, 1863; was graduated from Harvard college in 1885; attended the Columbia law school and school of political science in New York City, and was graduated from Union college of law, Chicago, in 1889 ; admitted to the bar the same year and be- gan practice in Chicago; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, and to the seven succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Foster, Abiel, a Delegate and a Representa- tive from New Hampshire; born in Andover, Mass., August 8, 1735; was graduated from Har- vard college in 1756; studied theology licensed to preach, and was ordained to the Congregational ministry and installed as pastor of a church in Canterbury, N. H., in 1761, and served until 1779; a Delegate in the Continental Congress 1783-1885; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789- March 3, 1791); president of the state senate 1793- 1794; reelected to the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses (March 4 v 1795-March 3, 1803); died in Canterbury, N. H., February 6, 1806. Foster, Addison Gardner, a Senator from Washington; born in Belchertown, Mass., January 28, 1837; moved to Oswego, Kendall county, 111., where he attended the common schools; move'd to Wabasha, Minn., and engaged in the grain and real estate business; served as county auditor and county surveyor, one term in each position; moved to St. Paul, Minn., in 1873, and engaged in lum- bering; moved to Tacoma, Wash., in 1888; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1899, to March 3, 1905; re- tiring from the Senate he engaged in the manufac- turing and selling of lumber Tacoma, Wash. Foster, A. Lawrence, a Representative from New York; attended the public schools; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843). Foster, Charles, a Representative from Ohio; born in Seneca county, Ohio, April 12, 1828; pur- sued an academic course; moved with his father to Fostoria, Ohio; engaged in banking; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second, Forty-third, Forty- fourth, and Forty -fifth Congresses (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1879); governor of Ohio 1880-1884; was Secretary of the Treasury in the cabinet of Presi- dent Harrison from February 25, 1891, to March 3, 1893; died in Fostoria, Ohio, January 9, 1904. Foster, David Johnson, a Representative from Vermont; born in Barnet, Caledonia county, Vt., June 27, 1857; was graduated from the St. Johns- bury academy, St. Johnsbury, Vt., in 1876, and Dartmouth college in 1880; studied law and waa admitted to the bar in 1883; prosecuting attorney of Chittenden county 1886-1890; state senator 1892-1894; commissioner of state taxes 1894-1898; chairman of the board of railroad commissioners 1898-1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- seventh, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911); Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Foster, Dwight, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Massachusetts; born in Brookfield, Mass., December 7, 1757; completed preparatory studies, and in 1774 was graduated from Brown univer- sity; studied law and was admitted to the bar; high sheriff of Worcester county; justice of the court of common pleas and afterwards chief justice; served in both branches of the state legislature; elected as a Federalist to the Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses and served from March 4, 1793 to June 6, 1800, when he resigned; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1799, elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel Dexter, and served from June 6, 1800, to March 2, 1803, when he resigned; died in Brookfield, Mass., April 29, 1823. Foster, Ephraim Hubbard, a Senator from Tennessee; born near Bardstown, Nelson county, Ky., September 17, 1794; moved with parents to Davidson county, Tenn., in 1797; completed- pre- paratory studies and was graduated from the Uni- versity of Nashville in 1813; private secretary to Gen. Andrew Jackson 1813-1815; served in both branches of the state legislature, and was twice the presiding officer of the senate; appointed as a Whig to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Felix Grundy, and served 654 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. from September 17, 1838, to March 3, 1839; was reelected for the term beginning March 4, 1839, but declined to serve, not wishing to obey instruc- tions given him by the state legislature; subse- quently reelected United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Felix Grundy, and served from October 17, 1843, to March 3, 1845; defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1845; died in Nashville, Tenn., September 14, 1845. Foster, George Peter, a Representative from Illinois; born in Dover, N. J., April 3, 1860; moved to Chicago; attended the public schools and the University of Chicago; was graduated from Union college of law, Chicago, in 1882; admitted to the bar the same year and began practice in Chicago; justice of the peace for the town of South Chicago; acting police magistrate of the principal police court of the city for a considerable time; presiden- tial elector on the Democratic ticket in 1896, but resigned in order to permit a fusion between Demo- cratic and People's parties; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1905) ; resumed the practice of law; assistant corporation counsel in Chicago, 111. Foster, Henry Allen, a Representative and a Senator from New York; born in Hartford, Conn., May 7, 1800; moved to Cazenovia, N. Y., when a boy; attended the common schools; studied law, and in 1822 was admitted to the bar; surrogate 1827-1831 and again in 1835-1839; member of the state senate 1831-1834 and 1841-1844; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Silas Wright, jr., and served from Novem- ber 30, 1844, to January 18, 1845; elected judge of the fifth district of the supreme court November 3, 1863, and served from January 1, 1864, until Jan- uary 1, 1872; senior member and president of the board of trustees of Hamilton college; vice presi- dent of the American colonization society; died in Rome, N. Y., May 12, 1889. Foster, Henry Donnel, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Mercer, Pa., December 19, 1808; pursued classical studies; studied law in Greensburg, Pa., and was admitted to the bar in 1829; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); member of state house of representatives 1857-1858; defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor in 1860; successfully contested the election of John Covode to the Forty-first Congress; reelected to the Forty-second Congress and served from February 9, 1870, to March 3, 1873; resumed the practice of law in Greensburg, Pa.; died in Irwin, Pa., December 19, 1908. Foster, John Hopkins, a Representative from Indiana ; born in E vansville, Ind . , January 31 , 1862 ; attended the common schools; was graduated from Indiana university in 1882, and from the law de- partment of Columbian (now George Washington) university, Washington, D. C., in 1884; began prac- tice of law in 1885; elected to the house of repre- sentatives of the general assembly of Indiana in 1893; judge of the superior court of Vanderburg county in 1894, 1898, and 1903; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James A . Hemenway, reelected to the Sixtieth Congress and served from December 4, 1905, to March 3, 1909; resumed the practice of law and resides in Evansville, Ind. Foster, Lafayette Sabin, a Senator from Con- necticut; born in Franklin, Conn., November 22, 1806; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Brown university in 1828 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Centerville, Md., in 1830, and also at Norwich, Conn., where he began prac- tice in 1831; moved to Hampton, Conn., in 1833, but returned to Norwich in 1835 and was editor of The Republican, a Whig newspaper; member of the state legislature in 1839-1840, 1846-1848, and in 1854 ; and served three years as speaker of the house ; defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1850 and in 1851; mayor of Norwich in 1851-1852; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; reelected and served from March 4, 1855 to March 3, 1867; was President of the Senate pro tempore for a short time; elected professor of law in Yale college in 1869; judge of the supreme court of Con- necticut in 1870-1876; defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress; died in Norwich, Conn., September 19, 1880. Foster, Martin David, a Representative from Illinois; born near West Salem, Edwards county, 111., September 3, 1861; attended the public schools and Eureka college in Eureka, 111. ; began the study of medicine in the Eclectic medical institute in Cincinnati, Ohio, and was graduated in 1882, also was graduated from the Hahnemann medical col- lege, Chicago, 111., in 1894, and began the practice of medicine in Olney, 111., in 1882; member of a board of United States examining surgeons 1885- 1889, and 1893-1897 ; elected mayor of Olney, 111. , in 1895 and in 1897; member of Colonel Knopf's regi- ment, raised for service in the Spanish-American war, and was elected surgeon and commissioned by Governor Tanner, but the regiment was never called into service; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907- March3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Foster, Murphy James, a Senator from Louisi- ana; born in Franklin, La., January 12, 1849; after the civil war attended preparatory school at Whites Creek, near Nashville, Tenn., for two years; from there went to Washington and Lee college for the session of 1867-1868; was graduated from Cumber- land university, Lebanon, Tenn., in 1870; and from the law school of Tulane university, New Orleans, in 1871; member of the John McEnery legislature in 1872, but owing to the fact that this government was never recognized and the Kellogg government was, did not take his seat; member of the state senate in 1879-1895; elected president of the senats pro tempore 1888-1890; led the antilottery fight in the legislature in 1890; in 1892 was nominated by the antilottery convention aa candidate for gov- ernor; served as governor of Louisiana 1892-1900; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1901; reelected in 1907 and served from March 4, 1901 to March 3. 1913. Foster, Nathaniel G., a Representative from Georgia; born in Greene county, Ga., August 25, 1809; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Franklin college in 1829; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1831 and began practice in Madison, Ga.; served in both houses of the state legislature; for three years solicitor general of the Ocmulgee circuit; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857). BIOGRAPHIES. 655 Foster, Stephen Clark, a Representative from Maine; born in Machias, Me., December 24, 1799; attended the public schools; learned the black- smith trade and became a shipbuilder; member of the state house of representatives 1834-1837 ; presi- dent of the state senate in 1840; again elected to the state house of representatives in 1847; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty- sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); died in Pembroke, Me., October 5, 1872. Foster, Theodore, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Brookfield, Mass., April 29, 1752; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the Rhode Island college (now Brown university) in 1770 and from Dartmouth college in 1786; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Providence, R. I.; member of the state house of representatives 1776-1782; town clerk of Provi- dence for many years; appointed judge of the court of admiralty in May, 1785; elected to the United States Senate; twice reelected, and served from June 7, 1790, until March 3, 1803; again a mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1812-1816; trustee of Brown university 1794-1822; died in Providence, R. I., January 13, 1828. Foster, Thomas Flournoy, a Representative from Georgia; born in Greensboro, Ga., November 23, 1790; pursued classical studies and was grad- uated from Franklin college in 1812; studied law at the Litchfield law school ; was admitted to the bar in 1816 and began practice in Greensboro; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1835); defeated for the Twenty-fourth Congress; moved to Columbus, Ga., in 1835; reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); died in Columbus, Ga., September 14, 1847. Foster, Wilder De Ayr., a Representative from Michigan ; born in Orange county, N . Y . , January 8, 1819; attended the common schools; moved to Michigan in 1837, and engaged in the hardware business in Grand Rapids in 1845; city treasurer and alderman; mayor in 1854; state senator 1855- 1856; again mayor of Grand Rapids 1865-1866; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas White Ferry; reelected to the Forty-third Congress, and served from December 4, 1871, until his death in Grand Rapids, Mich., September 20, 1873. Fouke, Philip Bond, a Representative from Illinois; born in Kaskaskia, 111., January 23, 1818; attended the public schools and became a civil engineer; established and published the Belleville Advocate in 1841; studied law and was admitted to the bar; prosecuting attorney of the Kaskaskia district 1846-1850; member of the state legislature in 1851 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty -sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859- March 3, 1863) ; colonel of Illinois volunteers during the Civil war; resumed practice of law, and died in Washington, D. C., October 3, 1876. Foulkrod, William Walker, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Frankford, Pa., No- vember 22, 1846; attended public and private schools of Philadelphia; connected with several business and social local organizations; president of the Philadelphia trades league; for many years interested in plans for the improvement of the Delaware river and channel; one of the trustees of the Philadelphia commercial museum; member of the Pennsylvania historical society, Art club of Philadelphia, and a number of other organizations; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses and served from March 4, 1907, until his death in Frankford, Pa., November 13, 1910. Fowler, Charles Newell, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Lena, 111., November 2, 1852; was graduated from Yale university in 1876 and from the Chicago law school in 1878; was ad- mitted to the bar in 1878 and practiced in Eliza- beth, N. J.; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth, and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1911). Fowler, John, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Virginia in 1755; attended the pub- lic schools; served in the Revolutionary War as captain; moved to Lexington, Ky.; elected to the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1807); died in Lexington, Ky., August 22, 1840. Fowler, John Edgar, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Sampson county, N. C., September 8, 1866; attended the common schools and Wake Forest college; read law in the Univer- sity of North Carolina and was admitted to the bar in 1894; member of the state senate in 1894; elected as a Populist to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); resumed the practice of law and resides in Clinton, N. C. Fowler, Joseph Smith, a Senator from Ten- nessee; born near Steubenville, Ohio, August 31, 1822; was graduated from Franklin college, Ohio, in 1843; professor of mathematics for four years; studied law in Kentucky, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Tennessee until 1861; went to Springfield, 111., in 1861, but returned to Nash- ville, Tenn., in 1862; appointed by Governor Johnson comptroller of Tennessee, and took an active part in the reconstruction of the state gov- ernment; elected as a Union Republican to the United States Senate and served from May 4, 1866, to March 3, 1871; died in Washington, D. C., April 1, 1902. Fowler, Orin, a Representative from Connect- icut; born in Lebanon, Conn., July 19, 1791; pur- sued classical studies and was graduated from Yale college in 1814; studied theology; after performing an extensive missionary tour in the valley of the Mississippi settled as a minister in Plainfield, Conn., in 1819; moved to Fall River, Mass., in 1829, where he was installed as pastor of the Congrega- tional church in 1832; served several times in both branches of the legislature; elected as a Free Soil Whig to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses and served from March 4, 1849, until his death in Washington, D. C., September 3, 1852. Fowler, Samuel, a Representative from New Jersey; born near Newburgh, N. Y., October 30, 1779; pursued an academic course; studied medi- cine and commenced practice in Hamburg, N. J.; moved to Franklin, N. J.; member of the state senate; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty -fourth Congresses(March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); died in Franklin, N. J., February 21, 1844. Fowler, Samuel, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Franklin Furnace, Sussex county, 656 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. N. J., March 22, 1851; attended Newton collegiate institute, Princeton college, and Columbia college law school; was admitted to the bar of New York in 1873 and of New Jersey in 1876; practiced law in Newark and Newton, N. J.; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893); resumed the prac- tice of law, and resides in Ogdensburg, N. J. Fox, Andrew Fuller, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Pickens county, Ala., April 26, 1849; studied law in Grenada, Miss., in 1876 and 1877; was admitted to the bar in 1877, and engaged in practice in West Point, Miss. ; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1888; member of the state senate in 1891, which position he re- signed to accept the office of United States attor- ney for the northern district of Mississippi, to which he was appointed June 27, 1893; resigned the latter office September 1, 1896; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1903); resumed the practice of law in West Point, Miss. Fox, John, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, June 30, 1835; attended the public schools; engaged in mechanical pursuits; served as alderman and supervisor of New York City; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); member of the state senate 1873-1874; en- gaged as an iron merchant and resides in New York City. Franchot, Richard, a Representative from New York; born in Morris, N. Y., June 2, 1816; attended the public schools and Hartwick and Cherry Valley academies; studied civil engineering at Polytechnic institute, Troy, N. Y.; became in- terested in agricultural pursuits, and then in the construction of railroads; served for some years as president of the Albany and Susquehanna railroad company; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); raised the One hundred and twenty-first New York volunteer regiment and was commissioned colonel August 23, 1862; commissioned March 12, 1867, brevet brigadier-general United States volunteers from March 13, 1865; associated with the Central Pacific railroad company; died in Schenectady, N. Y., November 23, 1875. Francis, John Brown, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Philadelphia, Pa., May 31, 1794; on the death of his father he was reared by Nicholas Brown, of Providence, R. I.; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Brown university in 1808; attended the Litchfield law school; was admitted to the bar, but never practiced ; became interested in agricultural pursuits; representative in the state legislature in 1824, 1826-1828, and 1832; governor of Rhode Island in 1832 as a Jackson and Antimasonic candidate; served until 1838; member of the state senate in 1843; chancellor of Brown university 1841-1854; elected as a Law and Order candidate to the United States Senate, to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of William Sprague, and served from January 25, 1844, to March 3, 1845; again state senator in 1847, 1849, and 1852- 1854; died in Warwick, R. I., August 9, 1864. Frank, Augustus, a Representative from New York; born in Warsaw, N. Y., July 17, 1826; re- ceived a business education and entered upon a mercantile career; director and vice president of the Buffalo and New York City railroad company; delegate to Republican national convention in Philadelphia in 1856 ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty -sixth , Thirty-seventh, and Thirty -eighth Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1865); member of the state constitutional convention of 1867-1868; one of the managers of the state hospital of New York in 1870; presidential elector on the Harrison and Morton ticket in 1888; commissioner for pres- ervation of public parks; director of the Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg railroad ; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1894; died in New York City, April 29, 1895. Frank, Nathan, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Peoria, 111., February 23, 1852; at- tended the public schools of Peoris and St. Louis and Washington university; was graduated from Harvard law school in 1871, and was admitted to the bar; unsuccessfully contested the election of John F. Glover to the Fiftieth Congress; elected as a Republican and Union Labor candidate to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); resumed the practice of law in St. Louis, Mo. Franklin, Benjamin, a Delegate from Penn- sylvania; born in Boston, Mass., January 17, 1706; attended the Boston grammar school one year; was instructed in elementary branches by a private tutor; employed in a tallow chandlery for two years; learned the art of printing, and after working at his trade in Boston, Philadelphia, and London estab- lished himself in Philadelphia as a printer and pub- lisher; state printer; clerk of the state assembly in 1736; postmaster of Philadelphia in 1737; a member of the provincial assembly 1744-1754; a member of several Indian commissions; appointed postmaster general of the British North American colonies in 1753; agent of Pennsylvania in London 1757-1762 and 1764-1775; a Delegate in the Continental Con- gress 1775-1776; signed the Declaration of Inde- pendence; president of the Pennsylvania constitu- tional convention of 1776; sent as a diplomatic commissioner to France by the Continental Con- gress and later minister to France 1776-1785; gov- ernor of Pennsylvania 1785-1788; a delegate to the convention which framed the Federal Constitu- tion in May, 1787; died in Philadelphia, Pa., April 17, 1790. Franklin, Benjamin J., a Representative from Missouri; native of Mason county, Ky.; attended private schools and Bethany college, Virginia; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1857; began practice in Leavenworth, Kans.; moved to Missouri in 1860, and located in Kansas City; entered the Confederate army as a private, pro- moted to captain, and served throughout the war; elected Commonwealth attorney for the twenty- fourth judicial circuit of Missouri in March, 1871; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in Kansas City, Mo., in 1898. Franklin, Jesse, a Representative and a Sen- ator from North Carolina; born in Orange county, Va., March 24, 1760; moved with parents to North Carolina in 1774; served as major during the Rev- olutionary War; member of the house of commons of North Carolina in 1794, 1797, 1798, and of the state senate in 1805-1806; elected as a Democrat to the Fourth Congress (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1797) ; elected to the United States Senate in 1799 and served from March 4, 1799, until March 3, 1805; again elected to the United States Senate in 1807, and served from March 4. 1807. until March BIOGRAPHIES. 657 3, 1813; governor of North Carolina 1820-1821; died in Surry county, N. C., August 31, 1823. Franklin, John Rankin, a Representative from Maryland; born near Berlin, Md., May 6, 1820; pur- sued classical studies and was graduated from Jeffer- son college in 1836 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1841, and began practice in Snow Hill, Md.; member of the state house of representatives 1840- 1843 and in 1859 and served as speaker one term; president of the state board of public works in 1851; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1852-March 3, 1855); judge of the first judicial circuit of Maryland from 1867 until his death in Worcester county, Md., January 11, 1878. Franklin, Meshach, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Surry county, N. C., in 1772; member of the state house of commons in 1800 and of the state senate in 1828-1829; elected as a Democrat to the Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1815); died in Surry county, N. C., December 18, 1839. Frazier, James Beriah, a Senator from Ten- nessee; born in Pikeville, Bledsoe county, Tenn., October 18, 1856; attended the common schools, and was graduated at the University of Tennessee in June, 1878; read law with his father, Judge Thomas N. Frazier, in Nashville, Tenn.; was ad- mitted to the bar and removed to Chattanooga in 1881, and practiced there until 1902; elector for the state at large on the Democratic ticket in 1900; governor of Tennessee 1902 and 1904; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate March 21, 1905, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William B. Bate, and served from March 21, 1905, to March 3, 1911; defeated for reelection; resumed the prac- tice of law in Chattanooga, Tenn. Frederick, Benjamin Todd, a Representative from Iowa; born in Fredericktown, Columbiana county, Ohio, October 5, 1834; completed prepara- tory studies; engaged in manufacturing; member of the city council of Marshalltown three terms, and of the school board three terms; successfully con- tested the election of James Wilson to the Forty- eighth Congress, and the seat was given him on the last day of that Congress, March 3, 1885; re- elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887). Freedley, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Norristown, Pa., May 22, 1793; attended the public schools and Norristown acad- emy; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1820, and began practice in Norristown; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); died in Norristown, Pa., December 8, 1851. Freeman, Chapman, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., October 8, 1832; attended the public schools; was graduated from the Philadelphia high school in 1850; com- menced the study of law, but engaged in mercan- tile pursuits until the breaking out of the Civil War; entered the United States Navy as acting assistant paymaster in 1863; resigned in 1864; resumed the study of law and was admitted to the bar in 1867; practiced in Philadelphia; one of the commission- ers on behalf of the centennial from the city of Philadelphia to Vienna, Austria, in 1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth and Forty- 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 42 fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in Stratford, Pa., March 22, 1904. Freeman, James C., a Representative from Georgia; born in Jones county, Ga., April 1, 1820; received a limited schooling; planter; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875). Freeman, John D., a Representative from Mississippi; native of New Jersey; attended the common schools ; moved to Mississippi and located in Jackson; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty- second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); died January 19, 1886. Freeman, Jonathan, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Mansfield, Conn., March 21, 1745; attended the public schools; executive councilor 1789-1797; overseer of Dartmouth college 1793-1808; elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1801); died in Hanover, N. H., August 20, 1808. Freeman, Nathaniel, Jr., a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Dennis, Mass., April 8, 1741 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied medi- cine, and in 1765 began practice in Sandwich, Mass. ; also studied law and was admitted to the bar; a colonel in the Revolutionary war; judge of the court of common pleas for Barnstable county 1775- 1811; brigadier-general of militia 1781-1793; elected to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1795- March 3, 1799); died in Sandwich, Mass., Septem- ber 20, 1827. Freer, Borneo Hoyt, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Bazetta, Trumbull county, Ohio, November 9, 1846; attended the common schools of Ashtabula county, Ohio, where his par- ents had moved when he was three years old; served in the Union Army during the war as a pri- vate; located in Charleston, W. Va., in March, 1866; taught school; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1868 ; assistant prosecuting attorney of Kanawha county 1868-1871; prosecuting attorney of the same county 1871-1873; presidential elector on the Grant ticket in 1872; United States consul to Nicaragua until 1877; moved to Ritchie county in 1882; Blaine elector in 1884; member of the legis- lature in 1891; prosecuting attorney of Ritchie county 1892-1897; elected judge of the fourth judi- cial circuit in 1896; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); attorney -general of West Virginia 1901-1905; post- master of Harrisville, W. Va. Frelinghuysen, Frederick, a Delegate and a Senator from New Jersey ; born in Somerset county, N. J., April 13, 1753; was graduated from Prince- ton college in 1770; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1774; Delegate in the Continental Con- gress 1778-1779and 1782-1783 ; served in the Revolu- tionary war as captain and colonel, and in 1790 ap- pointed by President Washington brigadier-general in the campaign against the Western Indians; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1793, to November 12, 1796, when he resigned; died in Millstone, N. J., April 13, 1804. Frelinghuysen, Frederick Theodore, a Sena- tor from New Jersey; born in Millstone, N. J., Au- gust 4, 1817; was graduated from Rutgers college in 1836; studied law, and in 1839 admitted to the bar, and practiced in Newark, N. J.; city attorney in 1849; member of city council in 1850; a delegate 658 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. to the peace congress in 1861 ; appointed attorney- general of New Jersey in 1861 ; reappointed in 1866; appointed as a Republican and subsequently elect- ed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Wright, and served from November 12, 1866, to March 3, 1869; ap- pointed minister to England by President Grant m July, 1870; confirmed after considerable opposi- tion from Senators Sumner and Wilson, but declined the appointment; again elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877; resumed the practice of law in Newark, N . J. ; appointed Secretary of State under President Arthur, and served from December 19, 1881, to March 6, 1885; died in Newark, N. J., May 20, 1885. Frelinghuysen, Theodore, a Senator from New Jersey; born in Millstone, N. J., March 28, 1787; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Princeton college in 1804; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1808 and began practice in Newark, N. J.; served as captain of volunteer militia in the War of 1812; attorney-general of New Jersey 1817-1829; elected as an Adams Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1829, until March 3, 1835; mayor of Newark, N . J . , 1837-1 838 ; chancellor of the New York univer- sity 1839-1850; defeated as the Whig candidate for Vice-President in 1844 ; president of Rutgers college from 1850 until his death in New Brunswick, N. J., April 12, 1862. Fremont, John Charles, a Senator from Cali- fornia; born in Savannah, Ga., January 21, 1813; pursued classical studies and attended Charleston college 1828-1830; instructor in mathematics in United States Navy 1833-1835; civil engineer assistant of Nicollet in 1838-1839, exploring the territory between the Missouri River and the northern boundary of the United States; appointed second lieutenant of topographical engineers of the United States Army, July 7, 1838; commenced in 1842 his explorations and surveys for an over- land route from the Mississippi to the Pacific Ocean; major of a battalion of California volunteers in 1846; appointed lieutenant colonel of United States mounted rifles in 1846 and ordered to act as gov- ernor of California by Commodore Stockton; General Kearny, U. S. Army, revoked this order and placed him under arrest for mutiny; tried by court-martial in Washington, found guilty, and pardoned by President Polk, but resigned; crossed the continent in 1848; located in California on the Mariposa grant; commissioner to run the boundary line between United States and Mexico in 1849; elected as a Free Soil Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from September 10, 1850, to March 3, 1851; crossed the continent in 1853 for the fifth time; defeated in 1856 as the Republican candidate for President of the United States; ap- pointed major-general in the United States Army by President Lincoln May 14, 1861, and placed in command of the Western military district; was removed December 2, 1861; appointed to com- mand the mountain department February 10, 1862; resigned June 4, 1864; again nominated for President by the Cleveland convention in 1864; governor of Arizona Territory 1878-1881 ; appointed a major-general in the United States Army on the retired list April 28, 1890; died in New York City July 13, 1890. French, Burton Lee, a Representative from Idaho; born near Delphi, Ind., August 1, 1875; moved with his parents to Kearney, Nebr., in 1880, and removed to Idaho in 1882; was graduated from the University of Idaho in 1901, and was fellow in the University of Chicago in 1901 and 1902; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Moscow, Idaho; elected to the state house of representatives in 1898; reflected in 1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911); defeated for reelection to the Sixty-first Congress; resumed the practice of law in Moscow, Idaho. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. French, Carlos, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Humphreysville (now Seymour), Conn., August 6, 1835; attended General Russell's school, New Haven, Conn.; engaged in manufac- turing; member of the state house of representa- tives 1860 and 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); died in Seymour, Conn., April 14, 1903. French, Ezra Bartlett, a Representative from Maine; born in Landpff, N. H., September 23, 1810; pursued an academic course; moved to Damaris- cotta, Me.; secretary of state of Maine; elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); appointed Second Auditor of the Treasury. August 3, 1861, by President Lincoln, and con- tinued during the administrations of Presidents Johnson, Grant, and Hayes; died in Washington, D. C., April 24, 1881. French, John R., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Gilmanton, N. H., May 28, 1819; learned the printer's trade; five years publisher and associate editor of the New Hampshire States- man, at Concord; two years editor of the Eastern Journal, at Biddeford, Me. ; moved to Lake county, Ohio, in 1854; editor of the Telegraph, the Frees, and in 1856 of the Cleveland Morning Leader; member of the state legislature 1858-1859; ap- pointed by Secretary Chase in the Treasury De- partment at Washington in 1861; appointed by President Lincoln in 1864 on the board of direct-tax commissioners for the state of North Carolina; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1867; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Con- gress and served from July 6, 1868, to March 3, 1869 ; elected Sergeant-at-Arms of the United States Senate in December, 1870, and held the office nine years; appointed secretary of the Ute Commission in July, 1880; moved to Boise City, Idaho, and was editor of the Boise City Sun; died in Boise City, Idaho, October 2, 1890. French, Richard, a Representative from Ken- tucky; native of Kentucky; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Mount Sterling, Ky.; judge of the circuit court; member of the state legislature in 1820-1822; presidential elector on the Jackson and Van Buren ticket in 1829; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1837); defeated for the Twenty-fifth Con- gress; reelected to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); again elected to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849). Frick, Henry, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Northumberland, Pa., in 1795; attended the public schools; apprenticed to a printer in Philadelphia; served in the War of 1812; located in Milton, Pa., in 1816, establishing a political journal, with which he was connected for over twenty years; member of the state house of representatives 1828-1831; elected as a W T hig to the BIOGRAPHIES. 659 Twenty -eighth Congress and served from March 4, 1843, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 1, 1844. Fries, George, a Representative from Ohio; native of Pennsylvania; attended the public schools; studied medicine and practiced in Han- overton, Ohio; elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); died in Hanoverton, Ohio, November 13, 1866. Fromentin, Eligius, a Senator from Louisiana; born in France; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in New Orleans; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1813, to March 3, 1819; appointed judge of the criminal court of New Orleans in 1821; appointed United States district judge for the district of Florida in January, 1822, but soon resigned and resumed the practice of law in New Orleans; died in New Orleans, La., Octo- ber 6, 1822. Frost, George, a Delegate from New Hamp- shire; born in Newcastle, N. H., April 26, 1720; attended the public schools; entered business in Kittery Point, near Portsmouth; followed the sea for twenty years; returned to Newcastle in 1760, and in 1770 moved to Durham; judge of the court of common pleas of Strafford county 1773-1791; served as chief justice several years; delegate in the Continental Congress 1777-1779; executive councilor 1781-1784; died in Durham, N. H., June 21, 1796. Frost, Joel, a Representative from New York; native of Westchester county, N. Y.; attended the public schools; member of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1806-1808; surrogate of Putnam county 1812-1813, 1815-1819, and 1821-1822; mem- ber of the state constitutional convention of 1821; moved to Schenectady; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825). Frost, Richard Graham, a Representative from Missouri; born in St. Louis, Mo., December 29, 1851; attended St. John's College, New York City, and the University of London, England, and the St. Louis, Mo., law school; was admitted to the bar and practiced in St. Louis, Mo.; unsuccessfully contested as a Democrat the election of Lyne S. Metcalfe to the Forty-fifth Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); presented credentials as Mem- ber-elect to the Forty-seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1881,'until March 2, 1883, when he was succeeded by Gustavus Sessinghaus, who con- tested his election; died in St. Louis, Mo., Feb- ruary 1, 1900. Frost, Kufus Smith, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Marlboro, N. H., July 18, 1826; moved to Boston, Mass., in 1833, where he attended the public schools; entered upon a mer- cantile career; mayor of Chelsea, Mass., in 1867- 1868; member of the state senate in 1871-1872, and of the governor's council 1873-1874; presented cre- dentials as a Member-elect to the Forty-fourth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1875, until July 28, 1876, when he was succeeded by Josiah G. Abbott, who contested his election; president of the na- tional association of woolen manufacturers for seven years, of the Boston board of trade for two years, and of the New England conservatory of music for eight years; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1892; died in Chicago, 111., March 6, 1894. Fry, Jacob, jr., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Trappe, Pa., June 10, 1802; clerk of courts of Montgomery county 1830^1833; at- tended the public schools; taught school in Trappe, Pa.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, J839) ; engaged in mercantile business in Trappe, Pa.; elected to the state assembly in 1853, and served two terms; auditor-general of Pennsylva- nia 1856-1860; died in Trappe, Pa., November 28, 1866. Fry, Joseph, jr., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; native of that state; elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831). Frye, William Pierce, a Representative and a Senator from Maine; born in Lewiston, Me., Sep- tember 2, 1831 ; was graduated from Bowdoin col- lege in 1850; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; member of the state legislature in 1861-1862, and 1867; mayor of the city of Lewiston in 1866-1867 ; attorney general of the state of Maine 1867-1869; elected a trustee of Bowdoin college in June, 1880; presidential elector in 1864; delegate to the Republican national conventions in 1872, 1876, and 1880; elected chairman of the Republi- can state committee of Maine in November, 1881; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second, and to the five succeeding Congresses, and served from March4, 1871, to March 17, 1881, when he resigned ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James G. Elaine; re- elected in 1883, 1888, 1895, 1901, and 1907, and served from March 18, 1881, until has death; elected President of the Senate pro tempore February 7, 1896; reelected March 7, 1901, and December 5, 1907 1 and served as such until his death; member of the commission which met in Paris September, 1898, to adjust terms of peace between the United States and Spain; died in Lewiston, Me., August 8, 1911. Fulkerson, Abram, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Washington county, Va., May 13, 1834; was graduated from the Virginia military in- stitute; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; entered the Confederate service in March, 1861, as a captain; promoted to major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel; elected to the house of delegates of Virginia in 1871-1873, and to the senate of Virginia in 1877-1879; elected as a Readjuster to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); resumed the practice of law after leaving Congress; died in Bristol, Va., December 17, 1902. Fulkerson, Frank Ballard, a Representative from Missouri; born near Edinburg, Grundy county, Mo., March 5, 1866, and eight months later moved with his parents to a farm near Higginsville, Lafayette county, Mo.; attended the district school, and was graduated from Westminster col- lege, Fulton, Mo., in 1888; taught school for two years, and then entered the law department of the University of Michigan, taking the junior year's work; was graduated from the law department of the Missouri state university in June, 1892; prac- ticed in Warrensburg, Holden, and St. Joseph, Mo.; elected and served two years as city attorney of Warrensburg, two years as prosecuting attorney of Johnson county, and two years as city attorney 660 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. of Hold en; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907); de- feated for reelection to the Sixtieth Congress; Re- publican candidate for attorney general in 1908, but was defeated ; unsuccessful candidate for mayor of St. Joseph, Mo., in 1908; resumed the practice of law in St. Joseph, Mo. Fuller, Benoni Stinson, a Representative from Indiana; born in Warwick county, Ind., No- vember 13, 1825; attended the common schools and taught school; sheriff in 1856 and 1858; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1866-1868; served in the state senate 1862, 1870, and 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in Boonville, Ind., April 14, 1903. Fuller, Charles Eugene, a Representative from Illinois; born near Belvidere, Boone county, 111., March 31, 1849; studied law, was admitted to the bar of Illinois in 1870; city attorney of Belvi- dere two terms; state's attorney for Boone county one term; representative in the general assembly three terms; member of the state senate two terms; circuit judge for six years; in 1898 raised a regi- ment for the war with Spain and was commissioned colonel; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- eighth, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Fuller, George, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Norwich, Conn., November 7, 1802; attended the public schools; engaged in mer- cantile pursuits; served as county treasurer; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Almon H. Read, and served from December 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845; editor of Montrose, Pa., Democrat; treasurer of Susquehanna county; member of Republican party during last twenty-five years of his life; died in Scranton, Pa., November 24, 1888. Fuller, Henry M., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Bethany, Pa., January 3, 1820; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Nassau Hall, Princeton, in 1839; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Wilkes- barre; elected to the state legislature in 1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); defeated for the Thirty-third Congress; reelected to the Thirty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); died in Philadelphia, Pa., December 26, 1860. Fuller, Philo C., a Representative from New York; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1829 and in 1830; served in the state sen- ate in 1831 and 1832; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1833, until September 2, 1836, when he resigned; Second Assistant Postmaster General 1841-1843; comptroller of New York from December 18, 1850, to January 1, 1852; died in Geneva, N. Y., August 16, 1855. Fuller, Thomas James Duncan, a Representa- tive from Maine; born in Hard wick, Caledonia county, Vt., March 17, 1808; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Calais, Me. ; elected to the Thirty- first, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1857); appointed by President Buchanan Second Auditor of the Treasury, and served from April 15, 1857, to August 3, 1861; prac- ticed law in Washington, D. C.; died in Fauquier county, Va., February 13, 1876. Fuller, Timothy, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Chilmark, Mass., July 11, 1778; was graduated from Harvard college in 1801; taught at Leicester academy; studied law in Worcester, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Boston, residing in Cambridge; mem- ber of the state senate 1813-1817, and of the state house of representatives in 1825; elected as a Democratic Republican to the Fifteenth, Six- teenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1825); state councilor in 1828; again elected to the state house of repre- sentatives; died in Groton, Mass., October 1, 1835. Fuller, William Elijah, a representative from Iowa; born in Howard, Center county, Pa., March 30, 1846; attended Upper Iowa university and the State university; was graduated from the law de- partment of the State university in June, 1870; neld a position in the office of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior, 1866-1867; member of the Iowa house of representatives 1876-1877; member of the Republican state and congressional committees; elected as a Republican to the Forty- ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1889); assistant attorney-general Spanish Treaty claims commission 1901-1907; engaged in the banking business and resides in West Union. Ohio. Fuller, William Kendall, a representative from New York; born in Schenectady, N. Y., Novem- ber 24, 1792; attended the common schools and was graduated from Union college in 1810; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Schenectady; adjutant general of New York in 1823; district attorney of Madison county 1821- 1829; member of the state legislature in 1829-1830; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty -fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); died in Schenectady, N. Y., November 11, 1883. Fullerton, David, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in the Cumberland Valley, Penn- sylvania, October 4, 1772; attended the public schools; located in Greencastle; member of the state senate; elected to the Sixteenth Congress and served from March 4, 1819, until 1820, when he resigned; declined a renomination ; president of a bank at Greencastle, Pa., where he died February 1, 1843. Fulton, Andrew S., a Representative from Virginia; born near Wytheville, Va.; attended the public schools; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849). Fulton, Charles William, a Senator from Ore- gon; born in Lima, Ohio, August 24, 1853; went with parents to Magnolia, Iowa, in 1855; attended the common schools; moved to Pawnee City, Nebr., in 1871; attended an academy; studied law and was admitted to the bar in the spring of 1875; went to Oregon and located in Astoria June, 1875; elected to the state senate in 1878; city attorney in the early eighties, and in 1888 was a presidential elec- tor, carrying to Washington the vote of Oregon and casting it for President Harrison; elected to the state senate in 1890, 1898, and 1902, and was presi- dent in the sessions of 1893 and 1901; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1903, until March 3, 1909; BIOGRAPHIES. 661 offered the post of minister to China by President Taft in 1909, but declined; resumed the practice of law in Astoria, Oreg. Fulton, Elmer Lincoln, a Representative from Oklahoma; born in Magnolia, Harrison county, Iowa, April 22, 1865; moved with his parents to Pawnee City, Nebr., in 1870; removed to Okla- homa; attended the public schools in Pawnee City and took a partial course at Tabor college, Tabor, Iowa; elected as a Democrat upon the admission of the State into the Union to the Sixtieth Con- gress, and served from December 2; 1907, until March 3, 1909; resumed the practice of law and re- sides in Oklahoma City, Okla. Fulton, John H., a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Abingdon, Va.; completed prepara- tory studies; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); died in Abingdon, Va., January 28, 1836. Fulton, William Savin, a Senator from Arkan- sas; born in Cecil county, Md., June 2, 1795; pur- sued classical studies and was graduated from Bal- timore college in 1813; started the study of law under William Pinckney, but served in the War of 1812 in a company of volunteers at Fort Mc- Henry; after the war moved to Tennessee and re- sumed the study of law with Felix Grundy; mili- tary secretary to General Jackson in his Florida campaign in 1818; moved to Alabama; appointed by President Jackson secretary of state of the Ter- ritory of Arkansas in 1829; governor of Arkansas 1835-1836; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate upon the admission of the State into the Union, and served from September 18, 1836, until his death in Little Rock, Ark., August 15, 1844. Funk, Benjamin Franklin, a Representative from Illinois; born on a farm in Funks Grove town- ship, McLean county, 111., October 17, 1838; attended the district school and Wesleyan univer- sity, Bloomington; left school in 1862 to enlist in the sixty-eighth Illinois iniantry as a private, and served five months; returned to the university and finished a three-year course; engaged in farm- ing; moved to Bloomington, 111., in 1869; elected mayor in 1871, and reelected six times; trustee of the asylum for the blind at Jacksonville; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); died in Bloomington, 111., February 14, 1909. Funston, Edward Hogue, a Representative from Kansas; born in Clarke county, Ohio, Sep- tember 16, 1836; attended the common schools, New Carlisle academy, and Marietta college; entered the army in 1861 as lieutenant, sixteenth Ohio battery; participated in the principal engage- ments along the Mississippi River; mustered out in 1865; located in Kansas in 1867; elected to the Kansas house of representatives 1873-1875; speaker in 1875; elected to the state senate in 1880 for four years and was president pro tempore; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Dudley C. Haskell; reelected to the four succeeding Congresses, and served from March 21, 1884, to March 3, 1893 ^pre- sented credentials as a Member-elect to the Fifty- third Congress, and served from March 4, 1893, until August 2, 1894, when he was succeeded by Horace L. Moore, who contested his election; died in lola, Kans., September 10, 1911. Fyan, Robert W., a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Bedford county, Pa., March 11, 1835; studied law, was admitted to the bar; moved to Missouri in 1858; entered the Union army; captain and major of the twenty-fourth Missouri volunteer infantry and colonel of the forty-sixth Missouri volunteer infantry; circuit attorney 1865-1866; cir- cuit judge of the fourteenth judicial circuit of Mis- souri from April, 1866, to January, 1883, having four years to serve when elected to Congress; mem- ber of the Missouri constitutional convention of 1875; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); reelected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); resumed the prac- tice of law after leaving Congress; died in Marsh- field, Mo., July 28, 1896. Gadsden, Christopher, a Delegate from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., in 1724; attended preparatory and classical schools in England; engaged in a commercial house in Phila- delphia, Pa., 1742-1745; delegate in the Colonial Congress that met in New York in 1765, and to the first Continental Congress in Philadelphia, 1774- 1776; an officer in the Continental Army in the defence of Charleston, 1776-1780; entered the service as colonel and received promotions to the rank of brigadier general ; was a framer of the state constitution of 1778; lieutenant governor 1778-1780; elected governor of South Carolina in 1781, but declined; died in Charleston, S. C., August 28, 1805. Gage, Joshua, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in that state in 1763; completed preparatory studies; moved to Augusta, Me, in 1795; member of the state house of represent- atives 1805 and 1807; served in the state senate in 1813 and 1815; treasurer of Kennebec county, Me., 21 years; elected as a Democrat to the Fif- teenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); an executive councilor in 1822 and 1823; died in Augusta, Me., January 24, 1831. Gaillard, John, a Senator from South Carolina; born in St. Stephens district, S. C., September 5, 1765; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Pierce Butler, and served from December 6, 1804, until his death; President of the Senate, pro tempore, in the Eleventh, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Six- teenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses; died in Washington, D. C., February 26, 1826. Gaines, John Paul, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Augusta, W\ Va., in 1795; re- ceived a thorough English training; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Walton, where he began practice; served in the Mexican war as major in Gen. Thomas Marshall's Kentucky cavalry brigade, and served as aide-de-camp on the staff of Gen. Winfield Scott; captured at Incarnacion in January, 1847, and while in captivity was elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); governor of Oregon Territory 1850-1853; died in Marion county, Oreg., January 4, 1858. < Gaines, John Wesley, a Representative from Tennessee; born near Nashville, Davidson county, Tenn., August 24, 1861 ; attended the country com- mon schools, in which he also taught; studied medi- cine and was graduated from the University of Nashville, and Vanderbilt university in 1882; never 662 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. practiced medicine, but the next day after gradu- ation took up the study of law, and in 1884 was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Nashville; elector on the Cleveland ticket in 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty- sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1909); defeated for reelection to the Sixty-first Congress; resumed the practice of law in Nashville, Tenn. Gaines, Joseph Holt, a Representative from West Virginia; born in the District of Columbia September 3, 1864; went with his parents to Fayette county, W. Va., in 1867 ; attended the University of West Virginia and was graduated from Princeton in 1886; admitted to the bar in Fayetteville, W. Va., in 1887 ; appointed United States district attorney for West Virginia by President McKinley in 1897; resigned in 1901; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1907); defeated for reelection to the Sixty-second Congress; resumed the practice of law in Charles- ton, W. Va. Gaines, William Embre, a Representative from Virginia; born in Charlotte county, Va., August 30, 1844; attended the common schools; when the Civil War broke out in 1861 ; enlisted as a private in com- pany K, eighteenth Virginia regiment (Pickett's division) ; reenlisted in the Army of the Cape Fear and surrendered with Johnson, near Greensboro, N. C., in April, 1865, having attained the rank of adjutant of Manly 'a artillery battalion; engaged in business and banking in Burkeville, Va. ; elected as a Republican to the Virginia state senate in 1883, and served three years, when he resigned ; delegate in the national convention which nominated Elaine for the presidency in 1884; mayor of Burke- ville several years, and delegate to several state conventions; elected as a Republican to the Fif- tieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889). Gaither, Nathan, a Representative from Kentucky; born near Mocksville, N. C., in 1785; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine, was graduated from Jefferson medical college, and began practice in Columbia, Ky ; served as assistant surgeon in the war of 1812; member of the state house of representatives 1815-1818; presi- dential elector on the Jackson and Calhoun ticket in 1829; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829- March 3, 1833); delegate in the state constitu- tional convention of 1849; again elected to the state legislature; died in Columbia, Ky., August 12, 1862. Galbraith, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Huntingdon county, Pa., August 2, 1794; attended the public schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the state house of representatives several terms; elected to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); reelected to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); appointed president judge for the sixth judicial district; died in Erie, Pa., June 15, 1860. Gale, George, a Representative from Mary- land; native of that state; attended the common schools; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791). Gale, Levin, a Representative from Maryland; born in Cecil county, Md., in 1824; attended the common schools; elected to the Twentieth Con- gress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); died in Balti- more, Md., April 28, 1875. Gallagher, Thomas, a Representative from Illinois; born in Concord, N. H., in 1850; moved to Chicago in 1866; attended the public schools; learned the trade of iron moulder; entered the hat business in Chicago in 1878; director of the Cook county state savings bank; twice a member of city council of Chicago, and was for six years a member of the board of education; president of the county Democracy, chairman of the county central committee of the Democratic party of Cook county, and a member of the executive committee; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty- first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Re- elected to the Sixty-second Congress. Gallatin, Albert, a Senator and a Represent- ative from Pennsylvania; born in Geneva, Switzer- land, January 29, 1761; was graduated from the University of Geneva in 1779; emigrated to America and located in Boston, Mass., in 1780; served in the Revolutionary army; instructor of French in Harvard college in 1782; moved to Virginia in 1785 and located on a tract of land in Fayette county (now in Pennsylvania), which he purchased; his estate becoming a portion of Penn- sylvania, he was made a member of the Penn- sylvania constitutional convention of 1789; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1790-1792; presented credentials to the United States Senate, and on December 2, 1793, when he attempted to take his seat, it was claimed he had not been a citi- zen of the United States a sufficient length of time, and on February 28, 1794, his election was declared void ; elected a member of the Pennsylvania state house of representatives, but declined; elected as a Democrat to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1801); appointed Secretary of the Treasury by President Jefferson January 26, 1802; reappointed by President Madi- son and held the position until February 9, 1814, when appointed one of the commissioners to nego- tiate the treaty of Ghent, which was signed Decem- ber 24, 1814; one of the commissioners which nego- tiated a commercial convention with Great Britain in 1816; appointed United States minister to France by President Madison in 1815 and served until 1823; minister plenipotentiary to Great Britain from May 10, 1826, until October 4, 1827; returned to New York City and became president of the National Bank; died in Astoria, N. Y., August 12, 1849. Gallegos, Jose Manuel, a Delegate from New Mexico territory; born in Rio Arriba county, N. Mex., November 14, 1815; attended the public schools; studied theology at the College of Durango, Republic of Mexico, and was graduated in 1840; member of the legislative assembly of what was then the department of New Mexico, Republic of Mexico, 1843-1846; member of the first legisla- tive assembly of the territory of New Mexico in 1850 and 1851; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); presented credentials as a Delegate-elect to the Thirty-fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1855 until July 23, 1856 when he was succeeded by Miguel A. Otero, who contested his election; speaker of the territorial house of representatives 1860-1862; treasurer of the Territory for five years; made a prisoner of war by the Texas Confederate troops in 1862; superintendent of Indian affairs BIOGKAPHIES. 663 in New Mexico in 1868; reelected as a Democrat a Delegate to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died about 1893. Gallinger, Jacob H., a Representative and a Senator from New Hampshire; born near Corn- wall, Ontario, March 28, 1837; attended the com- mon schools, and completed an academic course; became a printer in early life; studied medicine and was graduated from the Cincinnati, Ohio, medical institute in 1858; studied abroad for two years; returned to the United States and engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery in Concord, N. H., in April, 1862; member of the state house of representatives in 1872-1873 and 1891; member of the state constitutional conven- tion of 1876; served in the state senate in 1878, 1879, and 1880, and was president of that body the last two years; was surgeon general of New Hampshire with the rank of brigadier general in 1879-1880; chairman of the Republican state com- mittee 1882-1890, when he resigned ; again elected to the position in 1898, 1900, 1902, 1904, and 1906; resigned in 1908; chairman of the delega- tion from New Hampshire in the Republican national conventions of 1888, 1900, 1904, and 1908; chairman of the Merchant Marine commission of 1904-1905; elected as a Republican to the Forty- ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1889); declined renomination to the Fifty-first Congress; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1891; reelected in 1897, 1903, and in 1909 for the term expiring March 3, 1915. Galloway, Joseph, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania; born in West River, Anne Arundel county, Md., in 1731; moved with his father to Pennsyl- vania in 1740; received a liberal schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Philadelphia, Pa.; member of the Penn- sylvania colonial house of representatives 1757- 1775 and was speaker 1766-1774; Delegate in the Continental Congress in 1775; remained loyal to the King, and in December, 1776, joined the British army of General Howe, in New York; moved to England in 1778; the same year the general assem- bly of Pennsylvania convicted him of high treason and confiscated his property; died in Watford, Herts, England, August 29, 1803. Galloway, Samuel, a Representative from'Ohio; born in Gettysburg, Pa., March 22, 1812; moved to Ohio and located in Highland county in 1830; was graduated in 1833 from the Miami university; attended Princeton theological seminary 1835- 1836; was a teacher in Hamilton, Ohio, 1836-1837, in Miami university 1837-1838, and in Hanover college, Ind., 1839-1840; studied law; in 1843 admitted to the bar and began practice in Chilli- cothe, Ohio; elected secretary of state and moved to Columbus in 1844; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty -sixth Congresses; died in Columbus, Ohio, April 5, 1872. Gallup, Albert, a Representative from New York; born in New Berne, N. Y.; received a lim- ited schooling; sheriff of Albany county 1831-1834; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); defeated for reelection; appointed by President Polk collector of customs in Albany; died in Providence, R. I., in 1851. Gamble, James, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Jersey Shore, Lycoming county, Pa., January 28, 1809; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1833; member of the state legislature in 1841 and 1842 ; elected as aDemocrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses(March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); elected president- judge of the court of com- mon pleas in 1869; died in Williamsport, Pa., March 22, 1883. Gamble, John B., a Representative from South Dakota; a resident of Yankton, S. Dak. ; elected to the Fifty-second Congress and served from March 4, 1891, until his death in Yankton, S. Dak., August 14, 1891, before the assembling of the Con- gress. Gamble, Robert Jackson, a Representative and a Senator from South Dakota; born near Akron, Erie county, N. Y., February 7, 1851; moved with his parents to Fox Lake, Wis., in 1862; was gradu- ated from Lawrence university, Appleton, Wis., ' in 1874; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1875; located in Yankton, S. Dak., in 1875, where he engaged in practice; district attorney for the second judicial district of the Territory in 1880; city attorney of Yankton for two terms; state sena- tor in 1885 under the constitution adopted that year; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); defeated for reelection to the Fifty-fifth Congress; reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); elected as a Republican to the United States Senate January 23, 1901, and took his seat March 4, 1901, reelected in 1906 for the term ex- piring March 3, 1913. Gamble, Roger Lawson, a Representative from Georgia; born in Jefferson county, Ga., in 1787; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Louis- ville, Ky., elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835), re- elected as a Harrison Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); judge of the superior court of Georgia; died in Louisville, Ga., December 20, 1847. Gannett, Barzillai, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Bridgewater, Mass., June 17, 1764; was graduated from Harvard college in 1785; studied law and was admitted to the bar; a member of the state house of representatives in 1805-1806; served in the state senate in 1807 and 1808; elected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); died in New York in 1832. Gansevoort, Leonard, a Delegate from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., July 14, 1751; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1771; colonel of light cavalry in the revolutionary war; member of the Provincial Congress 1775-1776; President of the colonial executive in 1777; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1787-1788; member of the council of appointment of the commercial conven- tion in Annapolis, Md., in 1786; served in the state senate in 1891, 1792, and 1793; member of state assembly 1778-1779 and 1788; judge of the probate court in 1799; died in Albany, N. Y., August 26, 1810. Ganson, John, a Representative from New York; born in Leroy, N. Y., January 1, 1818; was graduated from Harvard college in 1839; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in 664 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Buffalo; member of the state senate in 1862 and 1863; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); delegate to the Republican national convention in Baltimore in 1864; died in Buffalo, N. Y., September 28, 1874. Gantz, Martin Kissinger, a Representative from Ohio; born in Bethel township, Miami county, Ohio, January 28, 1862; attended the common schools; attended college in Lebanon, Ohio, and was graduated from the Cincinnati law college in 1883; elected mayor of the city of Troy; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893). Ga'rber, Harvey C., a Representative from Ohio; born in Hill Grove, Darke county, Ohio; attended the public schools of Greenville; telegraph operator; state manager of the Western Union tele- graph company; then superintendent of the Central Union telephone company for Ohio, and for years assistant general solicitor for the same company; representative in the state general assembly in 1889 and 1891; vice chairman of the Democratic state central committee in 1900; chairman of the Ohio state Democratic committee on organization the following year, and chairman of the Democratic state executive committee in 1902; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth and "Fifty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907). Gardenier, Barent, a Representative from New York; nativeof Ulster county, N. Y. ; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; elec- ted as a Federalist to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1811); district attorney from March, 1813 to April 1815; died in Kingston, N. Y., January 10, 1822. Gardner, Augustus Peabody, a Representa- tive from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., November 5, 1865; was graduated from Harvard college in 1886; member of state senate 1900-1901; captain and assistant adjutant general on the staff of Gen. James H. Wilson during the Spanish- American War; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William H. Moody; reelected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses. Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- Gardner, Francis, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Leominster, Mass., December 27, 1771; was graduated from Harvard college; studied theology; pastor of a church in New Hamp- shire; elected to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807- March 3, 1809); died in Roxbury, Mass., June 25, 1835. Gardner, Gideon, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Nantucket, Mass., May 30, 1759 ; received a limited schooling; was a successful shipmaster, and later became a ship owner and merchant; elected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); died in Nantucket, Mass., March 22, 1832. Gardner, John J., a Representative from New Jersey; born in Atlantic county, N. J., October 17, 1845; enlisted for three years in the sixth New Jersey volunteers, in March, 1865, and for one year in United States veteran volunteers; elected alderman of Atlantic City in 1867; mayor in 1868, and reelected seven times; coroner of county one year; city councilman one year; member of New Jersey state senate fifteen years, from 1878 to 1893; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, and to the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Gardner, Joseph, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania; born in Honeybrook township, Chester county, Pa., in 1752; studied and practiced medi- cine; raised a company of volunteers in 1776 and commanded the fourth battalion militia from Chester county; member of the committee of safety 1776-1777 ; member of the state assembly 1776-1778 ; of the supreme executive council 1779; sat in the Continental Congress 1784-1785; practiced law in Philadelphia, Pa., 1785-1792, and in Elkton, Md., 1792-1794; died in Elkton, Md., in 1794. Gardner, Mills, a Representative from Ohio; born in Russellville, Brown county, Ohio, Jan- uary 30, 1830; moved to Fayette county in 1854; received a limited schooling; studied law, and in 1855 was admitted to the bar; prosecuting at- torney of Fayette county for four years; member of the Ohio state senate 1862-1864; presidential elector on the Lincoln ticket in 1864; member of the state house of representatives 1866-1868; mem- ber of the state constitutional convention in 1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); resumed the prac- tice of law until his death; died in Washington Court House, Ohio, February 20, 1910. Gardner, Washington, a Representative from Michigan; born in Morrow county, Ohio, February 16, 1845; when sixteen years of age entered the Union Army, served in the ranks of the sixty-fifth Ohio volunteer infantry from October, 1861, to December, 1865; severely wounded in action in Resaca, Ga.; was graduated from the Ohio Wes- leyan university 1870; studied in the school of theo- logy, Boston university, 1870-1871; was graduated from the Albany law school in 1876; was admitted to the bar and practiced law one year in Grand Rapids, Mich., and then entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he served twelve years; commander of the Department of Michigan, Grand Army of the Republic, in 1888; made professor in and public lecturer for Albion college in 1889; appointed secretary of state of Michigan in March, 1894, and subsequently twice elected; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty -seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911); retired and a resident of Albion, Mich. Garfteld", James Abram, a Representative from Ohio; born in Orange, Cuyahoga county, Ohio, November 19, 1831; his boyhood was spent in working on a farm, aiding in the support of his widowed mother; attended district school about three months each winter; when seventeen was driver and helmsman on the Ohio canal; entered Geauga seminary in Chester, Ohio, in March, 1849, and at the close of the fall term taught a district school; attended the Eclectic institute in Hiram, Ohio, in 1851-1854; was graduated from Williams college in 1858; professor of ancient languages and literature in Hiram college; when twenty-six years of age made president of Hiram college, which position he held until 1861, when he entered the Union Army; lieutenant colonel of the forty-second Ohio infantry August 21, 1861; colonel November 27, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers January 11, 1862; major general September 19, 1863; resigned December 5, 1863; elected to the Ohio state senate BIOGEAPHIES. 665 in 1859; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1860; admitted to practice in the Supreme Court of the United States in 1866; elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty-eighth, and to the eight suc- ceeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1863, until November 8, 1880, when he resigned; in Janu- ary, 1880, elected by the Ohio legislature a United States Senator for the term beginning March 4, 1881, to succeed Allen G. Thurman, but resigned De- cember 23, 1880; on the 8th of June, 1880, in the Chicago Republican national convention was nomi- nated, and on November 4 following was elected President of the United States; on the morning of July 2, 1881, while passing through the Pennsylva- nia depot, Washington, D. C., was shot by an assas- sin; died from the effects of the wound in Elberon, N. J., September 19, 1881; interment in Lake View cemetery, Cleveland, Ohio. Garfielde, Selucius, a Delegate from Washing- ton Territory; born in Shoreham, Vt., December 8, 1822; moved to Kentucky; pursued an academic course; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the state constitutional convention of 1849 ; emigrated to California in 1851 ; member of the California state legislature in 1852; elected by the legislature to codify the laws of the state in 1853; returned to Kentucky in 1854; member of the Cincinnati national convention in 1856; moved to Washington Territory in 1857, and receiver of pub- lic moneys, which position he held until I860;- de- feated as a candidate on the Democratic ticket for Congress in 1861 ; surveyor general from 1866 to 1869 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and Forty- second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873). Garland, Augustus Hill, a Senator from Ar- kansas; born in Tipton county, Tenn., June 11, 1832; his parents moved to Hempstead county, Ark., in 1833; attended St. Mary's college and St. Joseph's college in Kentucky, and was graduated from the latter in 1849; studied law and was ad- mitted to practice in 1853 in Washington, Ark.; moved to Little Rock in 1856; elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1860; Union delegate in the state convention that passed the ordinance of seces- sion in 1861; member of the provisional congress that met in Montgomery, Ala., in May, 1861, and subsequently of the Confederate congress and served in both houses ; elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1867, but not admitted to his seat, as Arkansas had not been readmitted to representation; argued the test-oath case as to lawyers in the Supreme Court of the United States and won it (see Garland ex parte, 4 Wallace); followed the practice of law until the fall of 1874, when elected governor; elected as a Democrat in January, 1876, to the United States Senate; reelectecl in 1883 and served from March 4, 1877, until March 6, 1885, when he resigned to ac- cept the position of Attorney General in President Cleveland's Cabinet, and served from March 9, 1885, to March 5, 1889; died in Washington, D. C., January 26, 1899. Garland, David S., a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of that state; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice; elected as a Democrat to the Elev- enth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Wilson C. Nicholas, and served from January 17, 1810, to March 3, 1811; died in his home in Virginia October 7, 1811. Garland, James, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Nelson county, Va., June 6, 1791; pursued preparatory studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar and began practice in Lovingston, Va. ; served in the state house of representatives in 1829; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1841); moved to Lynchburg, Va., and was judge of the corporation court of that city for nineteen years; again elected to the state legis- lature in 1876; died in Lynchburg, Va., August 8, 1885. Garland, Rice, a Representative from Loui- siana; native of Virginia; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Opelousas, La.; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry A. Bullard; reelected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses and served from April 28, 1834, to July 21, 1840, when he resigned, to accept the appointment of judge of the supreme court of Louisiana. Garner, Alfred Buckwalter, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Ashland, Schuylkill county, Pa. ; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Ashland, Pa. ; member of the state legislature 1901- 1910; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911) ; resumed the practice of law in Ashland, Pa. Garner, John Nance, a Representative from Texas; born in Red River county, Tex., Novem- ber 22, 1868; had a limited schooling; studied law and was admitted to the bar in December, 1890, and practiced in Uvalde, Tex.; served in the twenty-sixth and twenty-seventh Texas legisla- tures; judge of Uvalde county for four years; dele- gate to the Democratic national convention in 1900 and 1904; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Garnett, James Mercer, a Representative from Virginia; born in Elmwood, Essex county, Va., June 8, 1770; pursued an academic course; served several terms in the state house of repre- sentatives; elected to the Ninth and Tenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1809); delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1829; presi- dent of the Fredericksburg agricultural society for twenty years; member of the grand jury that in- dicted Aaron Burr in 1807; died in Elmwood, Va., April 23, 1843. Garnett, Muscoe Russell Hunter, a Repre- sentative from Virginia; born in Elmwood, Essex county, Va., July 25, 1821; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the University of Virginia, literary department 1839, law department 1841; was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice in Lloyds, Va.; delegate to the state con- stitutional convention in 1850; member of the state house of representatives, 1853-1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Thomas II. Bay ley ; reelected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Con- gresses and served from December 1, 1856, to March 3, 1861; delegate to the Democratic national con- vention in Baltimore in 1852 and in Cincinnati in 1856; member from Virginia to the first Confederate congress; died in Elmwood, Va., February 14, 1864. Garnett, Robert Selden, a Representative from Virginia; born in Essex county, Va., April 666 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 26, 1789; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Lloyds, Va.; member of the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1827); died in Essex county, Va., August 15, 1840. Garnsey, Daniel G., a Representative from New York; born in Saratoga county, N. Y.; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Pom- fret, N. Y. ; district attorney of Chautauqua county, June 11, 1818, to March 4, 1825; elected as a Jack- son Democrat to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829); moved to Bock Island, 111. ; president of the Harrison cele- bration in Galena, 111., July 4, 1840. Garrett, Abraham Ellison, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Overton, Ky., March 6, 1830; attended country schools and Poplar Springs college, Kentucky; studied law, but followed farm- ing; served in the Union army during the Civil war; elected to the state house of representatives of Ten- nessee in 1865; served in the state senate in 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died in Carthage, Tenn., February 14, 1907. Garrett, Finis James, a Representative from Tennessee; born near Ore Springs, in Weakley county, Tenn., August 26, 1875; attended the com- mon schools and was graduated from Bethel college, McKenzie, Tenn., in June, 1897; engaged in teach- ing in the city schools of Milan, Tenn.; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1899; appointed master in chancery September 14, 1900, and served until January 24, 1905; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Garrison, Daniel, a Representative from New Jersey; native of Salem, N. J. ; pursued an academic course; elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827). Garrison, George Tankard, a Representative from Virginia; born in Accomac county, Va., Jan- uary 14, 1835; was graduated from Dickinson col- lege, Carlisle, Pa., in 1853, and from the law school of the University of Virginia in 1857 ; was admitted to the bar and practiced law until the Civil war; entered the Confederate service as a private; soon thereafter elected to the state legislature, and served in that body, first in the house and then in the sen- ate, until the close of the war; practiced law and engaged in agriculture; elected judge of the eighth Virginia circuit in 1870, and subsequently judge of the seventeenth circuit; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); successfully contested the election of Robert M. Mayo to the Forty-seventh Congress; died in Accomac Court House, Va., November 14, 1889. Garrow, Nathaniel, a Representative from New York; born in Barnstable, Mass., April 25, 1780; attended the public schools; followed the sea; moved to Auburn, N. Y., in 1796; appointed justice of the peace in 1809; sheriff 1815-1819 and again in 1821-1826; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); presidential elector in 1832; United States marshal of the northern district of New York from Febru- ary, 1837, to March, 1841; died in Auburn, N. Y., March 3, 1841. Garth, William Willis, a Representative from Alabama; born in Morgan county, Ala., October 28, 1828; pursued classical studies in Lagrange and in Emory and Henry college, Virginia; studied law in the University of Virginia, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Huntsville, Ala. ; lieutenant colonel on the staff of Gen. Longstreet in the Confederate army; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); died in Huntsville, Ala., February 25, 1912. Gartrell, Lucius Jeremiah, a Representative from Georgia; born near Washington, Ga., January 7, 1821; pursued classical studies in Randolph- Macon college, Virginia, and Franklin college, Georgia; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Atlanta, Ga.; elected in 1843 solicitor general of the northern judicial circuit; resigned in 1847; member of the state house of represen- tatives, 1847-1850; presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket in 1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1857, to January 23, 1861, when he retired, giving his ad- herence to the Southern Confederacy; elected to the first Confederate congress; appointed in 1864 brigadier general in the Confederate service; died in Atlanta, Ga., April 7, 1891. Garvin, William Swan, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Mercer, Pa., July 25, 1806; pursued an academic course; editor of the Western Press, in Mercer, for 50 years; postmaster at Mer- cer in 1837; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1845^March 3, 1847); in- spector in Pittsburgh, Pa.; again appointed post- master at Mercer in 1865; died in Mercer, Pa., February 20, 1883. Gary, Frank Boyd, a Senator from South Caro- lina; born in Cokesbury, Abbeville county, S. C., March 9, 1860; attended the Cokesbury conference school and Union college, Schenectady, N. Y.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Abbeville, S. C.; member of the state legis- lature 1890-1900; member of the state constitu- tional convention of 1895; three times elected speaker of the house of representatives, 1895-1900; was for a number of years Democratic chairman of Abbeville county; again elected a member of the legislature in 1906; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Asbury C. Latimer, and served from March 6, 1908, to March 3, 1909; judge of the eighth judicial circuit court and resides in Abbeville, S. C. Gaston, Athelston, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Castile, N. Y., April 24, 1838; moved with his parents to Crawford county, Pa., in 1854; attended the common schools; en- gaged in farming and was a lumber merchant; mayor of Meadville in 1891; reelected in 1892 for a term of three years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); killed while on a hunting trip in Canada, Septem- ber 23, 1907. Gaston, William, a Representative from North Carolina; born in New Bern, N. C., September 19, 1778; pursued classical studies and attended George- town college, Washington, D. ('., and was graduated from Princeton in 1796; studied law, was admitted BIOGRAPHIES. 667 to the bar in 1798; member of the state senate in 1800; member of the state house of commons in 1808 and 1809, and served as speaker in 1808; pres- idential elector in 1809; elected as an anti-Adminis- tration candidate to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); again elected a member of the state house of commons in 1827; judge of the supreme court of North Caro- lina in 1834, holding the position until his death; member of the state constitutional convention of 1835; declined the nomination to the United States Senate in 1840; died in Raleigh, N. C., January 23, 1844. Gates, Seth Merrill, a Representative from New York; bom in Winfield, N. Y., October 16, 1800; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1827, and commenced practice in Le Roy, N .Y. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1832; declined a reelection; purchased the Le Roy Gazette in 1838, editing it for several years; elected as an Anti-Slavery Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); defeated as the Free Soil candidate for lieutenant governor of New York in 1848; died in LeRoy, N. Y., Septem- ber 1, 1877. Gatlin, Alfred M., a Representative from North Carolina; native of Eden ton, N.C. ; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from the University of North Carolina; elected to the Eighteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825). Gause, Lucien C., a Representative from Ar- kansas; born in Brunswick county, N. C., Decem- ber 25, 1838; moved to Lauderdale county, Tenn.; attended the public schools and the University of Virginia; studied law and was graduated from Cumberland college, Tenn., was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Jacksonport, Ark., in 1859; served throughout the Civil war in the Confederate army, and retired with rank of colonel; resumed practice in 1865 in Jacksonport; member of the state legislature in 1866; commissioner to represent the state government at Washington; unsuccessful contestant in the Forty-third Con- gress; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879). Gay, Edward James, a Representative froin Louisiana; born in Liberty, Bedford county, Va., February 3, 1816; went with parents in 1820 to Illinois, and then to St. Louis, Mo., in 1824; spent several years under a private instructor in Belle- ville, 111., and in 1833-1834 attended Augusta col- lege, Kentucky; engaged in commercial affairs in St. Louis 1838-1860; went to Louisiana and en- gaged in commercial manufacturing and agricul- tural pursuits; first president of the Louisiana sugar exchange in New Orleans; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1885 until his death on the St. Louis plantation, Iberville parish, La., May 30, 1889. Gayle, John, a Representative from Alabama; born in Sumpter District, S. C., September 11, 1792; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the South Carolina university; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Mobile, Ala., in 1813; member of the territorial legislature in 1817; solicitor of the first judicial dis- trict in 1819; judge of the state supreme court in 1823; speaker of the state house of representatives in 1829; governor of Alabama 1831-1835; defeated as presidential elector in 1836 and 1840 ; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847- March 3, 1849); appointed United States district judge of Alabama in 1849; died near Mobile, Ala., July 28, 1859. Gayle, June Ward, a Representative from Kentucky; born in New Liberty, Owen county, Ky., February 22, 1865; attended Concord college, New Liberty, Ky., and finished his course in Georgetown college, Georgetown, Ky.; .deputy sheriff for several years, and in 1892 elected high sheriff of Owen county; reelected in 1894, and in 1899 a candidate for auditor of state; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Evan E. Settle, and served from January 15, 1900, to March 3, 1901; engaged in the banking business in Owenton, Ky. Gaylord, James Madison, a Representative from Ohio; born in Zanesville, Ohio, May 29, 1811; moved to McConnelsville, Ohio, in 1818; attended the common schools and the university in Athens, Ohio; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; appointed clerk of the court of common pleas in 1834; clerk of the supreme court until 1849; elected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); at the expiration of his term in Congress he was elected probate judge; ap- pointed deputy United States marshal in 1860; elected justice of the 'peace in 1865, and by suc- cessive reelections was continued in that office until his death in McConnelsville, Ohio, June 14, 1874. Gazley, James William, a Representative from Ohio; born in New York City, N. Y., July 23, 1784; pursued an academic course; studied law in Poughkeepsie, N. Y. ; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1809; elected as a Jackson Free-Statesman to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); defeated for the Nineteenth Congress; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, June 8, 1874. Gear, John Henry, a Representative and a Senator from Iowa; born in Ithaca, N. Y., April 7, 1825; attended the common schools; moved to Galena, 111., in 1836, to Fort Snelling, Iowa Terri- tory, in 1838, and to Burlington in 1843, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits; elected mayor of the city of Burlington in 1863; member of the Iowa house of representatives and served as speaker two terms; governor of Iowa 1878-1879, and 1880- 1881; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); reelected "to the Fifty-third Congress (March4, 1893-March3, 1895); elected to the United States Senate in 1895, and reelected for the term in 1901, and served from March 4, 1895, until his death in Washington, D. C., July 14, 1900. Gearin, John McDermeid, a Senator from Oregon; born in Umatilla county, Oreg., August 15, 1851; attended St. Mary's college, San Fran- cisco, from 1863 to 1867, and was graduated from Notre Dame university, Indiana in 1871; began the study of law in 1871; was admitted to the bar in 1873 and practiced in Portland, Oreg.; member of the state legislature in 1874; city attorney of Portland in 1875; district attorney for Multnomah county in 1884, and served two years; unsuccess- ful Democratic candidate for Congress in 1878; when the celebrated opium frauds were unearthed, in 1893, was appointed by President Cleveland as 668 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. special prosecutor for the Government in the cases; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John H. Mitchell, and served from December 13, 1905, until January 23, 1907; resumed the practice of law in Portland, Oreg. Geary, Thomas J., a Representative from Cal- ifornia; born in Boston, Mass., January 18, 1854; moved with his parents to California in April, 1863; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1877, and engaged in practice in Santa Rosa, Cal. ; elected dis- trict attorney of Sonoma county, Cal., in 1882, and served two years; elected as a Democrat and Amer- ican to the Fifty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John J. De Haven; reelected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- gresses, and "served from December 9, 1890, to March 3, 1895; resumed the practice of law in Santa Rosa, Cal. Gebhard, John, a Representative from New York; native of Claverack, N. Y.; attended the public schools; surrogate of Schoharie county 1811-1813, and again from 1815 to 1822; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823). Geddes, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Mount Vernon, Ohio, July 16, 1824; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar in July, 1845; judge of the court of common pleas of the sixth judicial district in 1856, and reelected in 1861; after serving ten years on the bench he returned to legal practice until 1868, when he was again elected judge of the same court for five years; again returned to the practice; Democratic candidate for supreme judge in 1871; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1887); died in Mansfield, Ohio, November 9, 1892. Geddes, James, a Representative from New York; born near Carlisle, Pa., July 22, 1763; attended public schools; moved to Onondaga, N. Y., in 1794; justice of the peace in 1800; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1804 and 1822; associate justice of the county court in 1809; judge of the court of common pleas in 1809; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); appointed chief engineer of the Ohio canal in 1822; engineer on the Chesapeake and Ohio canal in 1827 ; died in Geddes, N. Y., August 19, 1838. Geissenhainer, Jacob Augustus, a Repre- sentative from New Jersey; born in New York City in 1841; was graduated from Columbia college; studied law in Yale and was graduated from the New York university; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in New York City in 1863; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty-sec- ond and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1895). Gentry, Meredith Poindexter, a Representa- tive from Tennessee; born in Rockingham county, N. C., September 15, 1809; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Franklin, Tenn.; member of the state house of representatives 1835-1839; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); reelected to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty- first, and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4. 1845- March 3, 1853); member of the first and second Confederate congresses; died in Harpeth, Tenn., November 2, 1867; interment in Mount Olivet cemetery, Nashville, Tenn. George, James Zachariah, a Senator from Mississippi; born in Monroe county, Ga., October 20, 1826; moved to Mississippi with his mother when a lad; attended the public schools; joined the Mississippi Rifles, commanded by Col. Jeffer- son Davis, in 1846, and served through the Mexi- can war; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Jackson, Miss.; compiled five volumes of the Mississippi state reports; enlisted in the Confederate service in 1861, and commanded a regiment of cavalry; chairman of the Democratic state committee in 1875 and 1876; chosen to the supreme bench, and was elected chief justice by his associates; elected as a Demo- crat to the United States Senate; reelected in 1886, and again in January, 1892, and served from March 4, 1881, until his death; member of the constitu- tional convention of the state of Mississippi in 1890; died in Jackson, Miss., August 14, 1897. George, Melvin Clark, a Representative from Oregon; born in Noble county, Ohio, May 13, 1849; attended Santiam academy and Willamette uni- versity, Oregon; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Portland, Oreg., in 1875; member of the state senate from Mult- nomah district for four years; received all the votes of the Republican senators for president of the state senate in the session of 1878; elected as a Republi- can to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885)'. German, Obadiah, a Senator from New York; born in Dutchess county, N. Y., in 1767; completed preparatory studies; moved to Norwich, Chenango county, N. Y., in 1792; member of the state house of representatives in 1798, 1804-1805, 1807-1809; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1815; county judge 1815-1819; again elected a member of the state house of representatives in 1819 and served as speaker; held several local offices in Chenango county, including that of first judge; became an ardent Whig; died in Norwich, N. Y., September 24, 1842. ^ Gerry, Elbridge, a Delegate and a Representa- tive from Massachusetts; born in Marblehead, Mass., July 17, 1744; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Harvard college in 1762; engaged in commercial pursuits; member of the colonial house of representatives 1772-1775; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1776-1780 and 1783-1785; signer of the Declaration of Independ- ence; delegate to the constitutional convention of the United States, held in New York in 1789; refused to sign the instrument, insisting it gave the President too much power; elected as a Federalist to the First and Second Congresses (March 4, 1789- March 3, 1793); sent to France on a secret mission in 1797; defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor in 1801; elected in 1810 and 1811, and again defeated in 1812; elected Vice-President of the United States as a Democrat on the ticket with James Madison in 1812; and served from March 4, 1813, until his death in Washington, D. C., Novem- ber23, 1814; interment in the Congressional ceme- tery in Washington, D. C. Gerry, Elbridge, a Representative from Maine; born in Waterford, Me., December 6, 1813; pur- BIOGEAPHIES. 669 sued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1839, and began practice in Water- ford ; clerk of the state house of representatives in 1840 ; state attorney for Oxford county in 1842 and 1843; member of the state house of representatives in 1846; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); moved to Portland, Me., where he continued practice; died in Portland, Me., April 10, 1886. Gerry, James, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Cecil county, Maryland, August 14, 1796; pursued an academic course; was graduated from West Nottingham academy; studied medicine and attended the university of Maryland and com- menced practice in Shrewsbury, Pa., in 1824; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843) ; resumed the practice of medicine until 1870, when he retired; died in Shrewsbury, York county, Pa., July 19, 1873. Gervais, John L., a Delegate from South Caro- lina; native of that state; sat in the Continental Congress 1782-1783. Gest, William. Harrison, a Representative from Illinois; born in Jacksonville, 111., January 7, 1838; moved to Rock Island in 1842; attended Williams college, Massachusetts, and was grad- uated in the class of 1860; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); elected one of the circuit judges of the fourteenth judicial district of Illinois. Getz, James Lawrence, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Reading, Pa., September 14, 1821 ; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Reading; for over twenty-five years editor of the Reading Ga- zette and Democrat; member of the state house of representatives in 1856 and 1857, one year as speaker of the house; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth, Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1873); city comptroller of Reading; died in Reading, Pa., December 25, 1892. Geyer^Henry Sheffie, a Senator from Missouri; born in Frederick county, Md., December 9, 1790; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1811, and practiced in Fred- ericktown until May 2, 1813; enlisted as first lieu- tenant in the thirty-sixth Maryland regiment of infantry; located in St. Louis, Mo., in 1815, and practiced law ; member of the territorial assembly in 1818; delegate to the state constitutional con- vention in 1820; member of the state house of representatives 1818-1824; and served the last year as speaker; declined the portfolio of Secretary of war tendered by President Fillmore in 1850 ; elected to the United States Senate, and. served from March 4, 1851, to March 3. 1857; one of the counsel in the Dred Scott case; died in St. Louis, Mo., March 5, 1859. Gholson, James Herbert, a Representative from Virginia; born in Gholson ville, Va., in 1798; pursued an academic course, and was graduated from Princeton college in 1820; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Percivals, Va., elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); judge 'of the circuit court for the Brunswick circuit for many years; died in Brunswick county, Va., July 2, 1848. Gholson, Samuel Jameson, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Madison county, Ky., May 19, 1808; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Athens, Miss.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of David Dickson; presented credentials as a member-elect to the Twenty-fifth Congress and served from March 4, 1837, to January 31, 1838, when the seat was declared vacant; subsequently elected to fill vacancy thus caused and served from May 30, 1838, to March 3, 1839; appointed United States district judge for Mississippi in 1839; ap- pointed June 1, 1864, brigadier-general in the Con- federate army; died in Aberdeen, Miss., October 16, 1883. Gholson, Jr., Thomas, a Representative from Virginia; born in Brunswick, Va.; pursued an aca- demic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Brunswick county, Va.; elected as a Democrat to the Tenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Claiborne; re- elected to the Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, and served from Novem- ber 7, 1808, until his death in Brunswick county, Va., July 4, 1816. Gibbons, William, a Delegate from Georgia; born in Bear Bluff, S. C., April 8, 1726; studied Taw in Charleston, S. C., was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Savannah, Ga.; in 1774 joined the Sons of Liberty and on May 11, 1775, was one of the party that broke open the magazine in Savannah and removed 600 pounds of the King's powder; Del- egate in the Provincial Congress of July, 1775, and on December 11, 1775, was chosen a member of the committee of safety ; member of the executive coun- cil in 1779; delegate in the Continental Congress 1784-1786; associate justice of Chatham county in 1786; speaker of the state house of representatives in 1787; president of the state constitutional con- vention of 1789; died in Rhode Island, September 27, 1800. Gibson, Charles Hopper, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland; born in Queen Anne county, Md., January 19, 1842; attended Center- ville academy, the Archer school in Harford county, and was graduated from Washington col- lege, Chestertown, Md.; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1864, and commenced prac- tice in Easton, Md.; appointed by President John- son in 1867 collector of internal revenue for the Eastern Shore district, but his nomination was rejected by a majority of one vote; appointed in 1869 auditor and commissioner in chancery, which offices he resigned in 1870 to accept the appoint- ment of state attorney for Talbot county; elected in 1871 and 1875 j elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); appointed, and subsequently elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Ephraim K. Wilson, and served from Novem- ber 19, 1891 to March 3, 1897; resumed the practice of law; died in Washington, D. C., March 31, 1900. Gibson, Eustace, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Culpeper county, Va., October 4, 1842 ; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1861; enlisted in the Confederate army June, 1861, as first lieutenant; made captain in 1863, and retired on account of wounds; member of the con- stitutional convention of Virginia in 1867-1868; settled in Huntington, W. Va., in 1871; elected to the house of delegates of West Virginia in 1876, 670 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. and served as speaker; presidential elector on the Hancock ticket in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); resumed the prac- tice of law; died in Clifton Forge, Va., December 10, 1900; interment in Spring Hill cemetery, Huntington, W. Va. Gibson, Henry Richard, a Representative from Tennessee; born on Kent Island, Queen Anne county, Md., December 24, 1837; attended the schools of Bladensburg, Md., and was graduated from Hobart college, Geneva, N. Y., in 1862; served in the commissary department of the Union army from March, 1863, to July, 1865; in Septem- ber, 1865 ; entered the Albany, N. Y., law school; was admitted to the bar in December, 1865, and began practice in Knoxville, Tenn., in January, 1866; in October, 1866, moved to Jacksboro, Camp- bell county, Tenn.; appointed commissioner of claims by Governor William G. Brownlow in 1868; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1869; elected member of the state senate in 1870; elected a member of the state house of represent- atives in 1874; moved back to Knoxville in 1876; founded the Knoxville Republican in 1879 and became its editor; appointed post-office inspector in 1881; became editor of the Knoxville Daily Chronicle in 1882; appointed United States pen- sion agent at Knoxville in 1883; elected chancel- lor of the second division of Tennessee in 1886; professor of medical jurisprudence in the Tennes- see medical college in 1889; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1905); consulting editor of the American and English encyclopedia of law and practice and resides in Knoxville, Tenn. Gibson, James King, a Representative from Virginia; born in Abingdon, Va., February 18, 1812; attended the common schools; went to Limestone county, Ala., in 1833, and engaged in business; returned to Virginia, and was deputy sheriff of Washington county 1834-1835; postmas- ter of Abingdon 1838-1849; engaged in farming; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); died in Abingdon, Va., March 30, 1879. Gibson, Paris, a Senator from Montana; born in Brownfield, Oxford county, Me., July 1, 1830; was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1851, and soon after elected a representative to the state legis- lature of Maine; located in Minneapolis, Minn., in 1858, and in connection with W. W. Eastman built the first flour mill of that city; later built and operated the "North Star" woolen mill in the same place; located in Fort Benton, Mont., in 1879, where he became interested in the first flock of sheep driven into northern Montana; founded the city of Great Falls in 1882, of which he was the first mayor; delegate to the state constitutional con- vention in 1889; elected to the state senate in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate March 7, 1901, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William A. Clark, and served from March 7, 1901, to March 3, 1905. Gibson, Randall Lee, a Representative and a Senator from Louisiana; born in Spring Hill, near Versailles, Woodford county, Ky., September 10, 1832; attended schools of Woodford county, Lex- ington, Ky., and Terre Bonne parish, La.; was graduated from Yale college in 1853, and from the law department of the University of Louisiana in 1855; served in the Confederate army through the different grades to the command of a division; after the war was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New Orleans, La., and was also a planter; unsuc- cessfully contested the election of Lionel A. Shel- don to the Forty-third Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty- sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1883); elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; reelected in 1889 and served from March 4, 1883, until his death, in Hot Springs, Ark., December 15, 1892; interment in Lexing- ton, Ky. Giddings, De Witt C., a Representative from Texas; born in Susquehanna county, Pa., July 18, 1827; pursued an academic course; studied law in Honesdale, Pa., was admitted to the bar in Texas in 1852, and began practice in Brenham, Tex.; served throughout the Civil war in the Confed- erate army; member of the state constitutional convention of 1866; successfully contested as a Democrat the election of William T. Clark to the Forty-second Congress, and served from May 13, 1872, to March 3, 1873; reelected to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877- March 3, 1879). Giddings, Joshua Reed, a Representative from Ohio; born in Tioga Point (now Athens), Pa., Oc- tober 6, 1795; moved to Ohio and located in Ash- tabula county; served in the War of 1812; com- pleted preparatory studies ; taught school; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1821, and began practice in Jefferson, Ohio; member of the state house of representatives in 1826; elected as an Anti- Slavery Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Elisha Whit- tlesey; reelected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty- seventh Congresses and served from December 3, 1838, until March 22, 1842, when he resigned, after a vote of censure had been passed upon him by the House; subsequently elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by his own resignation; reelected to the twenty-eighth, and to the seven succeeding Congresses, and served from December 5, 1842, until March 3, 1859; ap- pointed consul general to Canada by President Lincoln; died in Montreal, Canada, May 27, 1864. Giddings, Napoleon Bonaparte, a Delegate from Nebraska territory; born in Clark county, Ky., January 2, 1816; moved with his parents to Fayette, Howard county, Mo., in 1828; attended the common schools; chief clerk in the auditor's office of the republic of Texas; served as acting auditor until his resignation in 1838; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1841; served in the Mexican war as .captain of company A, Second Missouri mounted volunteers; after the close of the war edited the Union Flag, the first paper published in Franklin county; settled in Savan- nah, Mo.; elected to the Thirty-third Congress, and served from January 5, 1855, to March 3, 1857; was lieutenant-colonel of the Fifty-first Missouri volunteer infantry during the Civil war; died in Savannah, Mo., August 3, 1897. Gifford, Oscar Sherman, a Delegate and a Rep- resentative from South Dakota; born in Watertown, N. Y., October 20, 1842; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course; served in the Union army as private in the Elgin (111.) battery 1863-1865; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1870, and practiced; elected district at- BIOGRAPHIES. 671 torney for Lincoln county in 1874; mayor of Canton, S. Dak., 1882-1883; member of the constitutional convention of Dakota which convened at Sioux Falls September 7, 1883; elected as a Republican a Delegate to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); elected a Representative upon the admission of the state into the Union and served from December 2, 1889, to March 3, 1891; resumed the practice of law in Canton, S. Dak. Gilbert, Abijah, a Senator from Florida; born in Gilbertsville, Otsego county, N. Y., June 18, 1806; was graduated from Hamilton college, N. Y., in 1822; a merchant in New York City 1822-1850; moved to St. Augustine, Fla., in 1865; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875; died in Gil- bertsville, N. Y., November 23, 1881. Gilbert, Edward, a Representative from Cali- fornia; born in Cherry Valley, Otsego county, N. Y., about 1819; attended the public schools; moved to San Francisco, Cal., as an officer in Col. J. D. Stevenson's first regiment New York volun- teers in 1847; deputy collector of port 1847-1848; became editor and owner of " Alta California" in 1849; member of the state constitutional conven- tion of 1849; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- first Congress upon the admission of the state of California into the Union, and served from Sep- tember 11, 1850, to March 3, 1851; killed in a duel near Sacramento, Cal., August 2, 1852; interment in San Francisco, Cal. Gilbert, Ezekiel, a Representative from New York; born in Middletown, Conn., March 25, 1756; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale college in 1778; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Hudson, N. Y.; member of the state assembly in 1790; elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793- March 3, 1797); again a member of the state assem- bly in 1800 and 1801 ; clerk of Columbia county 1813-1815; died in Hudson, N. Y., July 11, 1842. Gilbert, George Gilmore, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Spencer county, Ky., in 1850; attended the common schools, Cecilian col- lege in 1868-1869, and Lyndland institute, in Ken- tucky; taught school for several years, and studied law; attended the University of Louisville, and was graduated from the law department in 1873; was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Taylorsville, Ky., in 1874; county attorney of Spencer county 1876-1880; member of the state senate 1885-1889; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Chicago in 1896; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1907); died in Louisville, Ky., November 8, 1909. Gilbert, Newton Whiting, a Representative from Indiana; born in Worthington, Franklin county, Ohio, May 24, 1862; moved with his par- ents to Indiana in 1875; attended the common schools of Indiana and the Ohio state university, Columbus, Ohio; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1855, and practiced in Angola, Ind.; mem- ber of the state senate 1896-1900; lieutenant gov- ernor of Indiana 1900-1904; captain of company H, one hundred and fifty-seventh Indiana volun- eer infantry, in the war with Spain; elected as a to the Fifty-ninth Congress, and served from March 4, 1905, until November 6, 1906, when he resigned; judge of the court of first instance in the Philippine islands, to which position he was appointed by President Roosevelt; member of the Philippine commission 1908-1909; secretary of public instruction of Philippine islands 1909; appointed vice governor of the islands in Febru- ary, 1910, and resides in Manila, P. I. Gilbert, Sylvester, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Hebron, Conn., October 20, 1755; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1775; studied law; was ad- mitted to the bar in November, 1777, and began practice in Hebron; colonial representative 1780- 1812; state attorney for Tolland county 1786-1807; chief judge of the county court and judge of the probate court 1807-1818; principal of a law school 1810-1818; elected to the Fifteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Uriel Holmes, and served from November 16, 1818, to March 3, 1819; again judge of the county court 1820-1825; elected state representative in 1826; died in He- bron, Conn., January 2, 1846. Gilbert, William Augustus, a Representative from New York; born in Gilead, Conn., January 25, 1815; moved with his parents to Champion, N. Y. ; attended the public schools; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Adams, N. Y.; member of the state assembly in 1851 and 1852; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1855, until his resignation, February 28 , 1857 ; engaged in the banking business ; died in Adams, Jefferson county, N. Y., May 25, 1875. Giles, William Branch, a Representative and a Senator from Virginia; born in Amelia county, Va., August 12, 1762; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Princeton college in 1781; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Pe- tersburg, Va., 1784-1789; presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1801; elected as a Democrat to the First Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Theodorick Bland ; reelected to the Second , Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, and served from December 7, 1790, to October 2, 1798, when he resigned ; elected to the Seventh Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801); appointed by the governor to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Abraham B. Venable, and served from August 11, 1804, until December 4, 1804; was then elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Wilson Gary Nicholas; reelected in 1805 and 1811, and served from November 5, 1804, until his resignation, March 3, 1815; defeated as a candidate for United States Senator in 1825 ; again a member of the state legis- lature in 1826 ; governor of Virginia 1826-1829 ; mem- ber of state constitutional convention of 1829-1830; died in Albemarle county, Va., December 4, 1830. Giles, William Fell, a Representative from Maryland; born in Harford county, Md., April 8, 1807 ; pursued an academic course ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1829, and began practice in Baltimore; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); appointed United States district judge by Presi- dent Pierce; died March 21, 1879. Gilfillan, Calvin Willard, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born near Newcastle, Pa., February 20, 1832; attended Westminster college, Pennsylvania; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; superintendent of schools of 672 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Mercer county for two years; clerk of the state house of representatives in 1859; appointed attor- ney for Venango county in 1861, and elected in 1862 for three years; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); engaged in banking business; died in Franklin, Pa., October 2, 1902. Gilfillan, John Bachop, a Representative.from Minnesota; born in Barnet, Caledonia county, Vt., February 11, 1835; was graduated from the Cale- donia county academy in 1855; moved to Minne- apolis, Minn. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in July, 1860, and practiced; member of the board of education 1860-1868; alderman of the city of Minneapolis 1865-1869; prosecuting attorney of Hennepin county 1863-1867 and 1869-1873; city attorney 1861-1864; member of the state senate 1875-1885; regent of the state University of Minne- sota in 1880-1888; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887) ; resumed the practice of law and resides in Minne- apolis, Minn. Gilhams, Clarence C., a Representative from Indiana; born in Brighton, Lagrange county, Ind., April 11, 1860; attended the common schools and the State normal school at Terre Haute, Ind. ; twice elected auditor of Lagrange county and served eight years; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Newton W. Gilbert; reelected to the Sixtieth Congress, and served from December 3, 1906, to March 3, 1909; died in Lagrange, Ind., June 5, 1912. Gill, John, jr., a Representative ^rom Maryland ; born in Baltimore, Md., June 9, 1850; pursued an academic course in Hampden-Sidney college, Va. ; studied law in the Maryland university and was admitted to the Baltimore bar in 1871; served as one of the legal advisers of Baltimore City; for nine years was one of its police commissioners; member of the state house of delegates 1874-1877 ; member of the state senate 1882-1886 and 1904-1905; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-n nth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911) ; resumed the practice of law in Baltimore, Md. Gill, Joseph John, a Representative from Ohio; born in Barnesville, Belmont county, Ohio, September 21, 1846; moved with his parents to Mount Pleasant, Jefferson county, in 1848; pur- sued an academic course and was graduated from the law school of the University of Michigan in 1868, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Jefferson county; subsequently engaged in bank- ing, and later in manufacturing and iron mining; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Lo- renzo Danford ; reelected to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses and served from Decem- ber 4, 1899, until October 31, 1903, when he resigned; retired and resides in Steubenville, Ohio. Gill, Patrick F., a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Independence, Mo., August 16, 1868; moved with his widowed mother to St. Louis, Mo., in 1871; attended parochial schools, and St. Louis university; engaged in the grocery business for many years ; clerk of the circuit court four years ; defeated as the Democratic candidate for sheriff in 1906; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); resumed business in St. Louis, Mo. Gillespie, Eugene Pierce, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Greenville, Mercer county, Pa., September 24, 1852 ; attended the com- mon schools of Greenville, Allegheny college, Meadville, Pa., and St. Michael's college, Toronto, Canada; admitted to the bar in August, 1874, and practiced in Greenville, Pa. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); returned to Greenville, Pa., and practiced law until his death, December 16. 1899. Gillespie, James, a Representative from North Carol na; native of Kenansville, Duplin county, N. C.; pursued classical studies; member of the convention of 1776; member of the state house of commons 1779-1783; served in the state senate 1784-1786; elected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1799); reelected to the Eighth Congress, and served from March 4, 1803, until his death, January 10, 1805. Gillespie, Oscar William, a Representative from Texas; born in Clarke county, Miss., June 20, 1858, was graduated from Mansfield college, of Tar- rant county, Tex. ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in November, 1886; prosecuting attorney of Tarrant county 1890-1894; assistant county attor- ney 1886-1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Fort Worth, Tex. Gillet, Charles William, a Representative from New York; born in Addison, N. Y., November 26, 1840; was graduated from Union college, Schenec- tady, N. Y., in 1861; enlisted as a private in the eighty-sixth regiment New York volunteers, Au- gust, 1861; made adjutant of the regiment, Novem- ber, 1861, and served as adjutant until discharged for physical disability in 1863; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1905); died in New York City, December 31, 1908. Gillet, Ransom Hooker, a Representative from New York; born in New Lebanon, N. Y., January 27, 1800; pursued an academic course; studied law in Canton, was admitted to the bar, and Eracticed in Ogdensburg, postmaster of Ogdens- urg, N. Y., 1830^-1833; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Baltimore in 1832 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); appointed commissioner to treat with the New York Indians 1837-1839; delegate to the Demo- cratic national convention in 1840; appointed Reg- ister of the Treasury and served from April 1, 1845, to May 27, 1847, when he was appointed Solicitor of the Treasury and served until October 31, 1849; appointed assistant attorney general and served 1855-1858; appointed solicitor of the court of claims and served 1858-1861; died in Washington, D. C., October 24, 1876. Gillett, Frederick Huntingdon, a Representa- tive from Massachusetts; born in Westfield, Mass., October 16, 1851; was graduated from Amherst college in 1874 and from Harvard law school in 1877; was admitted to the bar in Springfield, Mass., in 1877; assistant attorney general of Massachusetts 1879-1882; member of the state house of represen- tatives 1890-1891; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and to the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. BIOGRAPHIES. 673 Gillett, James Nprris, a Representative from California; born in Viroqua, Vernon county, Wis., September 20, 1860; moved with his parents to Sparta, Wis., in 1865; attended the grammar and high schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1881, and practiced in Sparta, Wis.; moved to Eureka, Humboldt county, Cal., in 1883; city at- torney 1889-1895; member of the state senate 1897- 1899 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty -eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907); governor of California 1907-1911 ; resumed the practice of law in San Francisco, Cal. Gillette, Edward Hooker, a Representative from Iowa; born in Bloomfield, Conn., October 1, 1840; attended the public schools of Hartford, Conn., and the New York state agricultural college Ovid, N. Y.; moved to Des Moines, Iowa, in the spring of 1863 and engaged in farming, building, and manufacturing; editor of the Iowa Tribune; for several years chairman of the national com- mittee of the Greenback party; delegate in the national convention in Indianapolis in 1876; elected as a member of the National Greenback party to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879- March 3, 1881); engaged in agricultural pursuits and resides near Des Moines, Iowa. Gillette, Francis, a Senator from Connecticut; born in Bloomfield, Hartford county, Conn., De- cember 14, 1807; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale college in 1829; com- menced the study of law; representative in the state legislature in 1832 and 1836; defeated as the candidate of the Liberal party for governor in 1841 and repeatedly as the candidate of the Liberal and Free Soil parties; elected as a Free Soil Whig to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Truman Smith, and served from May 24, 1854, to March 3, 1855; chairman of the board of education of Connecticut 1849-1865; died in Hartford, Conn., September 30, 1879. GUlis, James Lisle, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Hebron, Washington county, N. Y., October 2, 1792; attended the pub- lic schools; became a tanner; served in the war of 1812; moved to Ridgway, Pa., in 1822; appointed associate judge of Jefferson county by Goy. Porter; member of the state house of representatives 1840 and 1851; one of the judges of Jefferson county in 1842 ; served in the state senate in 1845; served as a mail agent in San Francisco, Cal., under President Pierce; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); appointed agent for the Pawnee tribe of Indians; died in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, July 8, 1881. Gillon, Alexander, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Rotterdam, Holland, in 1741; pursued an academic course; came to the L T nited States in 1766, and engaged in business in Charleston, S. C.; elected to the Third Congress and served from March 4, 1793, until his death in Gillon 's Retreat, S. C., October 6, 1794. Oilman, Charles Jervis, a Representative from Maine; born in Exeter, N. H., February 26, 1824; pursued classical studies; member of the state leg- islature of New Hampshire in 1850; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Brunswick, Me.; member of the legislature of Maine in 1854; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); delegate to the Republican national con- vention in 1860; died in Brunswick, Me., February 5, 1901. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-243 Gilman, John Taylor, a Delegate from New Hampshire; born in Exeter, N. II., December 19, 1753; one of the minutemen of 1775; a delegate to the convention of the states in Hartford, Conn., in October, 1780; Delegate to the Continental Con- gress 1782-1783; state treasurer in 1791; governor of New Hampshire 1794-1 805; defeated for governor the same year by John Langdon; again defeated as a Federalist in 1812; again elected in 181 3, 1814, and 1815, declining a reelection in 1816; died in Exeter, N. H., September 1, 1828. Gilman, Nicholas, a Delegate, a Representa- tive, and a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Exeter, N. H., May 26, 1755; pursued an academic course; served as an officer during the Revolution- ary war; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1786- 1788; member of the convention to frame the Fed- eral constitution that met in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1787; elected to the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1797); elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; reelected in 1811, and served from March 4, 1805, until his death in Philadelphia, Pa., May 2, 1814. Gilmer, George Rockingham, a Representa- tive from Georgia; born in Wilkes county, Ga., April 17, 1790; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Lexington, Ga.; served in the United States army in 1813; resigned in 1818 and resumed the practice of law in Lexington; member of the state house of representatives 1818-1819, and 1824; governor of Georgia 1829-1831; elected as a Demo- crat to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821- March 3, 1823); reelected to the Twentieth Con- gress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); again elected to the Twenth-third Congress (March 4, 1833- March 3, 1835); again governor of Georgia 1837- 1839; presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1840; died in Lexington, Ga., November 15, 1859. Gilmer, John Adams, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Guilford county, N. C., November 4, 1805; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1832, and began practice in Greensboro, N . C.; member of the state senate 1846-1856; defeated as the Whig can- didate for governor of North Carolina in 1856; elected as an American to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); member of the second Confederate congress; delegate to the Union national convention in Phila- delphia in 1866; died in Greensboro, N. C., May 14, 1868. Gilmer, Thomas Walker, a Representative from Virginia; born in Gilmerton, Albermarle county, Va., April 6, 1802; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Charlottesville, Va.; for several years member of the state house of repre- sentatives, and served two years as speaker; governor of Virginia 1840-1841; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841- March 3, 1843); reelected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress and served from March 3, 1843, until February 15, 1844, when he re- signed; appointed Secretary of the Navy Feb- ruary 15, 1844, and served until he was killed by the bursting of a gun on board the U. S. steamer Princeton, near Washington, D. C., February 28, 1844. - Gilmore, Alfred, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Butler, Pa., June 9, 1814; at- 674 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. tended the public schools, and was graduated from Washington college, Washington, Pa., in 1833; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1836, and practiced in Butler, Pa.; elected as an opposition candidate to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); died in Scranton, Pa., May 20, 1890. Gilmore, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Somerset county, Pa., February 18, 1780; attended the public schools; moved to Washington, Pa., studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1801, and commenced practice in Pitts- burgh, Pa. ; appointed deputy district attorney in 1803; moved to Butler county, in 1803; member of the state house of representatives 1816-1821, and served as speaker in 1821 ; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833); elected state treasurer of Pennsylvania by the legislature in 1841; died in Butler, Pa., May 11, 1845. Gilmore, Samuel Louis, a Representative from Louisiana; born in New Orleans, La., July 30, 1859; instructed by private tutors, and was graduated from the central high school of New Orleans in 1874, and from Seton Hall college in South Orange, La., in 1877; studied law, and was graduated from the law department of the Uni- versity of Louisiana in 1879; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in New Orleans, La.; Democratic Presidential elector in 1892; as- sistant city attorney 1889-1896; city attorney from 1896 to March 15, 1909, when he resigned; dele- gate in the Democratic national convention in Denver in 1908; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Robert C. Davey, and served from April 22, 1909, until his death in Covington, La., March 30, 1910. Gist, Joseph, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Union District, S. C., January 12, 1775; moved to Charleston, where he pursued classical studies; studied law, and in 1799 was ad- mitted to the bar; began practice in 1800 in Pinck- neyville; state representative 1801-1819; elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1827); died in Pinckneyville, S. C., May 8, 1836. Glascock, John Ragland, a Representative from California; born in Panola county, Miss., August 25, 1845; received a collegiate training in the University of California and the University of Virginia; moved with his parents to California in 1856; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1868, and practiced in Oakland, Cal.; district attorney of Alameda county, Cal., 1875-1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); served one term as mayor of Oakland ; resumed the practice of law in Berkeley, Cal. Glascock, Thomas, a Representative from Georgia; native of Georgia; attended the public schools in Augusta; served as lieutenant in the Revolutionary army, also in the campaign against the Creek Indians; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); died in Decatur, Ga., May 9, 1841. Glasgow, Hugh, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Nottingham, Chester county, Pa., September 8, 1769; attended the public schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; judge of Chester county from July 1, 1800, to March 29, 1813; elected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); died in Peach Bottom, York county, Pa., January 31, 1818. Glass, Carter, a Representative from Virginia; born in Lynchburg, Va., January 4, 1858; attended private and public schools; served eight years in a printing office, and afterwards, in successive stages, filled the positions of reporter, city editor, and editor; owner of the Lynchburg Daily News and the Daily Advance; state senator 1899-1903; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1901; five years a member of the board of visitors of the university of Virginia; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Peter J. Otey; reelected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses and served from December 1, 1902, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Glass, Presley T., a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Halifax county, Va., October 18, 1824; moved with his parents in 1828 to Weakley county, Tenn., where he attended the Dresden academy; elected colonel of militia at eighteen years of age; studied law; attended one course at the Lexington (Ky.) law school; admitted to the bar in 1847; commenced practice in Ripley, Tenn. ; member of the state legislature in 1848 and 1882; major commissary in the Confederate service; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fif- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Ripley, Tenn., October 9, 1902. Glen, Henry, a Representative from New York; native of Albany county, N. Y. ; served in the Rev- olutionary war; member of the first, second, and third provincial Congresses 1775-1776; member of the state house of representatives 1786-1787; elected to the Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 4, 1801); again a state representative in 1810; appointed on Feb- ruary 27, 1767, town clerk of Schenectady and served until his death; died in Schenectady, N. Y., August 14, 1814. Glenn, Thomas Louis, a Representative from Idaho; born near Bardwell, Ballard county (now Carlisle county), Ky., February 2, 1847; attended the public schools and the commercial college, Evansville, Ind.; member of company F, second Kentucky cavalry, Confederate army, John H. Morgan's brigade; was wounded in battle at Mount Sterling, Ky., June 9, 1864; captured and impris- oned in Transylvania university, in Lexington, Ky., until September 9, 1864, when he was paroled ; clerk of Ballard county 1874-1882; member of the state senate 1887-1891; moved to Montpelier, Idaho; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1890, and practiced; elected as a Populist to the Fifty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903); mayor of Montpelier in 1904; city attorney for three years; resumed the practice of law in Mont- pelier, Idaho. Gloninger, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Lebanon township, Lancaster county, Pa., September 19, 1758; attended the common schools; served as a subaltern officer in the associaters during the Revolutionary war and later was in command of a battalion of militia; upon the organization of Dauphin county was BIOGRAPHIES. 675 appointed by the supreme executive council of the county, a lieutenant on May 6, 1768; repre- sentative to the general assembly in 1790; resigned and served as a state senator, which he also re- signed; appointed by Gov. Mifflin an associate judge of Dauphin county; upon the erection of Lebanon county, in 1813, was commissioned one of the associate judges; elected to the Thirteenth Congress and served from March 4, 1813, until August 2, 1813, when he resigned; died in Leba- non, Pa., January 22, 1836. Glossbrenner, Adam J., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Hagerstown, Md., August 31, 1810; learned the art of printing and became publisher of the Western Telegraph in Hamilton, Ohio, 1827-1828; went to York, Pa., in 1829, published the York Gazette 1835-1858; clerk in the Pennsylvania legislature in 1838; clerk in the National House of Representatives in the Twenty- eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses; and in the State department 1848-1849; for ten years Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives; President Buchanan's private secretary 1860-1861; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); engaged in the banking business in York, Pa. ; died in Phila- delphia, Pa., March 3, 1889. Glover, John Milton, a Representative from Missouri; born in St. Louis, Mo., June 23, 1852; attended Washington university, St. Louis, Mo.; studied law and was admitted to the bar; practiced in St. Louis; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1889). Glover, John Montgomery, a Representative from Missouri; born in Mercer county, Ky., Sep- tember 4, 1824; pursued a college course; studied law and was admitted to the bar; appointed colo- nel of cavalry by President Lincoln and commis- sioned colonel by the governor of Missouri Septem- ber 4, 1861; resigned in 1864; collector of internal revenue 1866-1867 for the third district of Missouri; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third, Forty- fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1879); died in Newark, Mo., November 12, 1891. Glynn, Martin H., a representative from New York; born in Kinderhook, Columbia county, N. Y., September 27, 1871; attended the public schools and was graduated from St. John's college, Fordham, in 1894; studied law and became a mem- ber of the Albany county bar and the New York state bar association; did journalistic work on sev- eral papers until he became managing editor of the Albany Times-Union; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); in March, 1901, appointed a United States commissioner to the St. Louis Exposition of 1904. Goddard, Calvin, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Shrewsbury, Mass., July 17, 1768; Bursued classical studies and was graduated from artmouth college in 1786; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1790; began practice in Plainfield, Conn.; member of the state house of representatives 1791-1806; for three years speaker of the house; elected to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1805); moved to Norwich, Conn., in 1807; member of the execu- tive council 1808-1815; presidential elector on the De Witt Clinton ticket in 1812; delegate to the Hartford convention of 1814; judge of the superior court 1815 and 1818; mayor of Norwich for seven- teen years; died in Norwich, Conn., May 2, 1842. Godshalk, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in East Nottingham, Chester county, Pa., October 25, 1817; attended the com- mon schools and Union academy, Doylestown; elected associate judge of Bucks county in October, 1871, and served five years; elected as a Republi- can to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); died in New Britain, Bucks county, Pa., February 6, 1891. Godwin, Hannibal Lafayette, a Representa- tive from North Carolina; born near Dunn, in Har- nett county, N. C., November 3, 1873; attended the common schools and Trinity college, Durham, N. C.; read law in the University of North Caro- lina and was admitted to the bar in September, 1896; member of the state senate in 1903; Demo- cratic presidential elector in 1904; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Goebel, Herman Philip, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, April 5, 1853; attended the public schools and was graduated from the Cincinnati law college in 1872; was admitted to the bar in 1874; member of the house of representatives of Ohio in 1875; elected judge of the probate court of Hamilton county in 1884 and 1887: elected as a Republican to the Fifty- eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Cincinnati, Ohio. Goff, Nathan, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Clarksburg, W T . Va., February 9, 1843; attended the Northwestern Virginia acad- emy, Georgetown college, and the University of the City of New York; studied law and was admit- ted to the bar in 1865; member of the state legis- lature in 1867; United States attorney for the dis- trict of West Virginia 1868-1884; resigned the dis- trict attorneyship in January, 1881, when he was appointed Secretary of the Navy by President Hayes; in March, 1881, President Garfield reap- pointed him district attorney for West Virginia, which position he again resigned in July, 1882; enlisted in the Union army in June, 1861, in the third regiment Virginia volunteer infantry; served as lieutenant of company G, also as adjutant of said regiment, and as major of the fourth Virginia volunteer cavalry; defeated Republican candidate for Congress in 1870 and 1874; defeated candidate for governor in 1876 and 1888; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889); ap- pointed United States circuit judge of the fourth circuit March 17, 1892, by President Harrison, and resides in Clarksburg, W. Va. Goggin, William L., a Representative from Virginia; bom in Bedford county, Va., May 31, 1807; pursued an academic course; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1828; began practice in Winchester, Va.; state representative in 1836; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas W. Gilmer, and served from May 10, 1844, to March 4, 1845; reelected to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); defeated as the Whig candi- 676 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. date for governor in I860; died in Richmond, Va., January 5, 1870. Gold, Thomas Buggies, a Representative from New York; born in Cornwall, Conn., November 4, 1764; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Yale college in 1786; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Goshen, Conn.; located in Whitestown, Oneida county, N. Y., in 1792; assistant attorney general of New York 1797-1801; member of the state senat6 1796-1802; defeated for Congress in 1804; served in the state house of representatives in 1808; elected as a Federalist to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1813); defeated for reelection to the Thirteenth Congress; reelected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); died in Whitesboro, N. Y., October 24, 1827. Goldfogle, Henry Mayer, a Representative from New York; born in New York City May 23, 1856; attended the public schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1877; justice of the fifth district court in New York in 1887 and 1893; one of the judges of the municipal court of New York City, and retired from the bench Janu- ary 1, 1900, to resume the practice of law; an alter- nate to the national Democratic convention in 1892, and a delegate to the national Democratic convention of 1896; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Goldsborough, Charles W., a Representative from Maryland; born in Caroline county, Md., July 15, 1765; educated by private tutors, and pursued an academic course, and was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1784; stud- ied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1790; member of the state senate 1791-1795, 1799-1801; elected as a Federalist to the Ninth, Tenth, Elev- enth, Twelfth, Thirteenth and Fourteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1817); governor of Maryland 1818-1819; died in Shoals Creek, near Cambridge, Md., December 13, 1834. Goldsborough, Robert, a Delegate from Mary- land; born in Horns Point, Dorchester county, Md., December 3, 1733; pursued an academic course, studied medicine, and was graduated from the Philadelphia college in 1760; prominent in ante- Revolutionary movements; Delegate in the first Continental Congress, 1774-1775; member of the council of safety, and of the convention of the province of Maryland, August 14, 1776, called to frame a constitution; died in Cambridge, Md., December 20, 1788. Goldsborough, Robert Henry, a Senator from Maryland; born in "Myrtle Grove," near Easton, Md., January 4, 177&; was graduated from St. John's college, Annapolis, in 1796; commanded a troup of horse in the Maryland militia during the war of 1812; member of the house of delegates in 1804; elected to the United States Senate, and served from May 21, 1813, to March 3, 1819; again a member of the house of delegates in 1825; again elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Ezekiel F. Chambers, and served from January 3, 1835, until his death in Easton, Md., October 5, 1836. Goldthwaite, George, a Senator from Ala- bama; born in Boston, Mass.. December 10, 1809; pursued an academic course in Boston, and attended the United States military academy 1822-1824; moved to Montgomery, Ala., in 1826; studied law and was admitted to the bar; chief justice of the state supreme court for several years; adjutant general of the state during the Civil war; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from January 15, 1872, to March 3, 1877; died in Montgomery, Ala., March 18, 1879. Goldzier, Julius, a Representative from Illinois; born in Vienna, Austria, January 20, 1854; came to New York in 1866; studied law, and was ad- mitted to the bar; settled in Chicago in 1872, where he practiced law; in April, 1890, became a member of the city council of Chicago, and served until the end of his term, in 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); defeated for reelection to the Fifty-fourth Congress; resumed the practice of law in Chicago, 111. Golladay, Edward I., a Representative from Tennessee; born in Lebanon, Tenn., September 9, 1831; completed preparatory studies; studied law, and in 1852 was admitted to the bar; member of the state legislature 1857-1858; Presidential elector on the Bell-Everett ticket in 1860; served in the Con- federate army; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873). Golladay, J. S., a Representative from Ken- tucky; attended the public schools; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Elijah Hise; reelected to the Forty-first Congress; served from December 5, 1867, to February 28, 1870, when he resigned. Gooch, Daniel Linn, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Rumsey, McLean county, Ky. ; attended a private school; deputy governor general of the Society of Sons of Colonial Wars; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905). Gooch, Daniel Wheelwright, a Representa- tive from Massachusetts; born in Wells, Me., Janu- ary 8, 1820; was graduated from Dartmouth col- lege in 1843; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1846 and practiced in Boston; member of the state house of representatives in 1852; member of the state constitutional convention of 1853; elected to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, and Thirty-ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1857, until September 1, 1865; did not take his seat in the Thirty-ninth Congress; appointed navy agent of the port of Boston in 1865; removed by President Johnson from the agency of the port in less than a year; reelected to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); defeated for reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress; pension agent in Boston 1876-1886; died in Melrose, Mass., November 11 1891. Good, James William, a Representative from Iowa; born near Cedar Rapids, Iowa, September 24, 1866; attended common schools and was graduated from Coe college, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, in 1892, and from the law department of the University of Michigan in 1893; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Cedar Rapids, Iowa; city attorney from April, 1906, to April, 1908; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. BIOGRAPHIES. 677 Goode, John, jr., a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Bedford county, Va., May 27, 1829; attended the New London academy and was grad- uated from Emory and Henry college in 1848; studied law, admitted to the bar in April, 1851, and began practice in Liberty, Va. ; elected to the state house of delegates in 1851 and 1856; on the Democratic ticket as Presidential elector in 1852 and 1856; elected in 1860 a member of the state con- vention which passed the ordinance of secession; twice elected a member of the Confederate con- gress ; member of the national Democratic executive committee 1868 and 1872-1876; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty -fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty- sixth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1881); resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C.; died in Norfolk, Va., July 14, 1909. Goode, Patrick Gaines, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cornwall parish, Charlotte county, Va., May 10, 1798; moved with his parents early in life to Wayne county, Ohio; attended Xenia, Ohio, academy and schools in Philadelphia, Pa.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1821, and first practiced in Madison, Ind., and then in Shelby county, Ohio; representative in the state general assembly 1833-1835; elected as a Whig to the Twen- ty-fifth, Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843); judge of the United States circuit court 1844-1851; thereafter practiced law and was a Methodist Episcopal cler- yman in the central Ohio conference; died in idney, Ohio, October 17, 1862. Goode, Samuel, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in "Whitby," Chesterfield county, Va., March 21, 1756; completed preparatory studies; was a lieutenant in the Chesterfield troop of horse during the Revolution and later a colonel of militia; member of the Virginia house of burgesses 1779-1783; elected to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801); died in Mecklenburg county, Va., November 14, 1822. Goode, William Osborne, a Representative from Virginia; born in Mecklenburg county, Va., September 16, 1798; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1819; studied law, and in 1821 was admitted to the bar and began practice in Boydton; served several years in the state legisla- ture; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); again served several terms in the state legislature and speaker of the house three terms; a delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1850; elected to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses and served from March 4, 1853, until his death in Boydton, Va., July 3, 1859. Goodenow, John Milton, a Representative from Ohio; born in Massachusetts in 1782; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Steubenville, Ohio, in 1813; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress and served from March 4, 1829, until April 9, 1830, when he resigned, having been chosen judge of the supreme court of Ohio; resigned, and was appointed United States minister to Colombia; returned to Cincinnati, Ohio; elected judge of the court of common pleas; died in Cin- cinnati, Ohio, in 1838. Goodenow, Robert, a Representative from Maine; born in Farmington, N. H., June 10, 1800; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1821, and began practice in Farmington; county attorney 1828-1834 and 1841; moved to Maine and resumed practice in Paris; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); appointed state bank commissioner in 1857. Goodenow, Bufus K., a Representative from Maine; born in Henniker, N. H., April 24, 1790; moved to Maine and located in Brownfield; re- ceived a limited schooling; engaged in fanning; captain in the war of 1812; moved to Paris, Me.; clerk of the Oxford county courts 1821-1837; mem- ber of state house of representatives; presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1840; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849- March 3, 1851); died in Paris, Me., March 24, 1863. Goodhue, Benjamin, a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Salem, Mass., September 20, 1748; was graduated from Harvard college in 1766; served in the state house of repre- sentatives 1780-1782; member of the state senate 1786-1788; member of the state constitutional con- vention 1779-1780; elected to the First, Second,, and Third Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3,, 1795); elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George Cabot,' reelected and served from June 11, 1796, to Novem- ber 8, 1800, when he resigned; died in Salem, Mass., July 28, 1814. j Goodin, John Randolph, a Representative from Kansas; born in Tiffin, Ohio, December 14' 1836; moved with his father to Kenton, Ohio, in 1844 ; attended the Kenton high school and Geneva college; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1857, and commenced practice in Kenton; moved to Humboldt, Kans., in 1859 and resumed the practice of law; elected to the state legislature in 1866; judge of the seventh judicial district of Kan- sas 1868-1876; elected to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); editor of the Inter State in Humboldt, Kans. ; moved to Kansas City, Kans., in 1883 and died there December 18, 1885. Goodnight, Isaac Herschel, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Allen county, Ky., Janu- ary 31, 1849; moved to Franklin in November, 1870; attended the common schools; and was graduated from Cumberland university, Tennessee, in 1872; attended the law department of the same univer- sity until 1873 ; was admitted to the bar and prac- ticed; member of the state legislature 1877-1878; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty- second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1895); elected judge of the seventh Kentucky circuit; died in Franklin, Ky., July 24, 1901. Goodrich, Chauncey, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Durham, Conn., October 20, 1759; was graduated from Yale college in 1776; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1781, and began practice in Hartford, Conn., mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1793 ; elected to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1801); member of the state executive council 1802-1807; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Uriah Tracy, and served from October 25, 1807, until 1813, when he resigned; mayor of Hartford 1812-1815; lieutenant governor of Connecticut in 1814; died in Hartford, Conn., August 18, 1815. Goodrich, Elizur, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Durham, Conn., March 24, 1761; 678 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. was graduated from Yale college in 1779; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New Haven in 1783; a presidential elector in 1797; elected as a Federalist to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801) ; appointed collector of customs at New Haven by President John Adams in 1801 and removed by President Jefferson ; for seventeen years judge of probate; held several local offices; professor of law in Yale college 1801- 1810; mayor of New Haven 1803-1822; secretary of the corporation of Yale college 1816-1846; died in New Haven, Conn., November 1, 1849. Goodrich, John Zacheus, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Sheffield, Mass., Sep- tember 27, 1804; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to practice; presi- dential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1841; served in the state 1848r-1849; elected to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); member of the peace con- gress in 1861; lieutenant governor of Massachu- setts in 1861 and resigned March 29, 1861; collector of customs in Boston 1861-1865; died in Stock- bridge, N. Y., April 19, 1885. Goodrich, Milo, a Representative from New York; born in East Homer, Cortland county, N. Y., January 3, 1814; moved with parents to Cortland- ville, N. Y., in 1816; completed preparatory studies in Cortland academy, Homer, N. Y., and attended Oberlin (Ohio) institute; taught school in New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Worcester, Mass., in 1840, and practiced for two years in the terri- tory of Wisconsin; returned to Dryden, N. Y., in 1844; postmaster of Dryden in 1849; member of the state constitutional convention 1867-1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); removed to Auburn in 1875; died in Auburn, N. Y., April 15, 1881, interment in Dryden, N. Y. Goodwin, Henry Charles, a Representative from New York; born in Deruyter, N. Y., June 25, 1824; completed preparatory studies; studied law, admitted to practice in 1846 and began prac- tice in Hamilton, N . Y. ; district attorney 1847-1850; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-third Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Gerrit Smith, and served from December 4, 1854, to March 3, 1855; reelected to the Thirty-fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); died in Ham- ilton, N. Y., November 12, 1860. Goodwin, John Noble, a Representative from Maine and a Delegate from Arizona territory; born in South Berwick, Me., October 18, 1824; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1844; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1848, and began prac- tice in South Berwick ; member of the state senate in 1854; elected as a Republican from Maine to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); moved to Arizona territory in 1863, having been appointed chief justice of the territory, which position he held until September, 1865; appointed by President Lincoln on February 2, 1864 as gov- ernor of Arizona territory and resigned in Septem- ber, 1865; elected as a Republican, a Delegate from Arizona territory to the Thirty-ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); resumed the practice of law in New York City; died in Paraiso Springs, CaL, April 29, 1887. Goodwin, Peterson, a Representative from Virginia; native of that state; completed prepara- tory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Congresses and served from March 4, 1803, until his death, February 21, 1818. Goodwyn, Albert Taylor, a Representative from Alabama; born in Robinson Springs, Ala., December 17, 1842; attended the South Carolina college and was graduated from the University of Virginia in 1867; member of the state house of representatives 1886-1887; served in the state sen- ate 1892-1896; state inspector of convicts 1874- 1880; enlistd in the Confederate army, and mus- tered out at the close of the war as captain of a company of sharpshooters; successfully contested the election of James E. Cobb to the Fifty-fourth Congress and served from April 22, 1896, until March 3, 1897; engaged in agricultural pursuits near Robinson Springs, Ala. Goodyear, Charles, a Representative from New York; born in Cobleskill, N. Y., April 26, 1805; was graduated from Union college in 1824; studied law, and in 1824 was admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representatives in 1840; appointed first judge of Schoharie county in February, 1838, and served until July, 1847; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); resumed the prac- tice of law and continued until 1852, when he engaged in the banking business; elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); delegate to the Union national convention in Philadelphia in 1866, and to the Democratic national convention in New York in 1868; died in Charlottesville, Va., April 9, 1876. Gordon, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Tennessee; born in Giles county, Tenn.. October 5, 1836; received a collegiate training and graduated from the Western military institute, Nashville, Tenn., in 1859; practiced civil engi- neering until the beginning of the Civil war; en- listed in the military service of the Confederacy; was drill master of the eleventh Tennessee in- fantry; was successively a captain, lieutenant colonel, colonel, and brigadier general, and served until the close of the war; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced until 1883; appointed one of the railroad commissioners of Tennessee; in 1855 received an appointment in the Department of the Interior and served four years as Indian agent in Arizona and Nevada; returned to Memphis, Tenn.; resumed the practice of law; superintendent of the Memphis city schools, 1889-1907; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911); reelected to the Sixty-second Congress; died in Memphis, Tenn., August 9, 1911. Gordon, James, a Senator from Mississippi; born in Monroe county, Miss., December 6, 1833; attended St. Thomas hall in Holly Springs, Miss., several years, La Grange college, Alabama, and was graduated from the University of Mississippi in 1855; member of state legislature in 1857; located in Okolona, Miss., in 1859; served in the Confederate army with cavalry regiments he had raised and organized; special commissioner of the Confederacy to visit European countries in 1864; captured in the harbor of Wilmington, N. C., on his return in January, 1865, but escaped Febru- ary 22, 1865, and fled to Canada; surrendered to Gen. Dix in New York City, and received a passport to his home; disfranchised for ten years BIOGKAPHIES. 679 or participating in the Mississippi legislature of 1857; member or the legislature in 1878, and 1886; of the state senate in 1904, and 1906; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Anselm J. McLaurin, and served from December 27, 1909, to February 22, 1910; engaged in agricultural pursuits; died in Okolona, Miss., November 28, 1912. Gordon, James, a Representative from New York; born in Ireland in 1743; came to America and located in Schenectady, N. Y., where he engaged in Indian trading; served as a colonel in the Revolutionary war; located in Ballstpn, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives 1778- 1790; elected to the Second and Third Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1797); member of the state senate 1797-1804; county judge; died in Ballston, N. Y., January 17, 1810. Gordon, John Brown, a Senator from Georgia; born in Upson county, Ga., February 6, 1832; attended the University of Georgia; read law and was admitted to the bar and practiced in Atlanta, Ga. ; at the beginning of the Civil war entered the Confederate army as captain of infantry, and occu- pied the positions of major, lieutenant colonel, colonel, brigadier general, and major general, re- spectively; commanded the second army corps and one wing of Gen. Lee's army at Appomattox; re- sumed the practice of law in Atlanta, Ga.; Demo- cratic candidate for governor in 1868; member of the Democratic national convention in 1868 and in 1872; presidential elector in 1868 and in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; reelected and served from March 4, 1873, until May, 1880, when he resigned; governor of Georgia 1886- 1890; again elected United States Senator and served from March 4, 1891, to March 3, 1897; died in Miami, Fla., January 9, 1904. Gordon, Robert Bryarly, a Representative from Ohio; born near St. Mary's, Auglaize county, Ohio, August 6, 1855; attended the public schools; postmaster of St. Mary's 1885-1889: county auditor 1890-1896; after leaving Congress engaged in the flour and grain business ; appointed superintendent of the document room of the National House of Representatives in 1911, which he now holds; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903). Gordon, Samuel, a Representative from New York; born in Sidney, Delaware county, N. Y., April 28, 1802; attended the public schools; served in the state house of representatives in 1820, 1821, and 1834; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); re- elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); provost marshal for the nine- teenth district of New York 1863-1865; died in Delhi, Delaware county, N. Y., October 28, 1873. Gordon, William, a Representative from New Hampshire; born April 12, 1763; was graduated from Harvard college in 1779; studied law and was admitted to practice; elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1797, until June 12, 1800, when he resigned; died in Boston, Mass., May 8, 1802. Gordon, William Fitzhugh, a Representative from Virginia; born in Germanna, Orange county, Va., January 13, 1787; attended country schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Charlottesville, Va. : member of the state house of delegates 1819-1831 ; member of the state constitutional convention of 1829-1830; attained the rank of major general in the Virginia militia; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William C. Rives; reelected to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses, and served from January 25, 1830, to March 3, 1835; died near Lindsays Store, Albemarle county, Va., August 28, 1858. Gore, Christopher, a Senator from Massachu- setts; born in Boston, Mass., September 21, 1758; was graduated from Harvard college in 1776; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Boston ; member of the state constitu- tional convention of 1788; United States attorney for the district of Massachusetts 1789-1796; commis- sioner to England 1796-1803; charg6 d'affaires at London 1803-1804; member of the state house of representatives in 1788, 1789, and 1808; served in the state senate 1806 and 1807 ; governor of Massa- chusetts in 1809; appointed and subsequently elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Lloyd, and served from May 5, 1813, until May 30, 1816, when he resigned; presidential elector in 1816; trustee of Harvard university; died in Waltham, Mass., March 1, 1827. Gore, Thomas Pry or, a Senator from Oklaho- ma; born in Webster county, Miss., December 10, 1870; attended a local school in Walthall, Miss., and was graduated from the law department of Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn., in 1892; moved to Texas in 1896, and to Oklahoma in 1901; served one term in the territorial senate; nomi- nated for the United States Senate in state pri- mary, June 8, 1907; appointed Senator by the gov- ernor, November 16, and elected by the legislature December 11, 1907, and reelected for the term ex- piring March 3, 1915. Gorham, Benjamin, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Charlestown, Mass., Feb- ruary 13, 1775; was graduated from Harvard in 1795; studied law, was admitted to the' bar and practiced in Boston, Mass. ; elected to the Sixteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jonathan Mason; reelected to the Seventeenth Congress and served from November 27, 1800, to March 3, 1823; reelected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831) ; again reelected to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); a short time a mem- ber of the state legislature; died in Boston, Mass., September 27, 1855. Gorham, Nathaniel, a Delegate from Massa- chusetts; born in Charlestown, Mass., May 27, 1738; attended the public schools; entered upon a mercantile career; a member of the colonial legis- lature 1771-1775; delegate to the provincial con- gress 1774-1775; member of the board of war 1778- 1781; delegate to the state constitutional conven- tion in 1779; served in the state senate 1780-1781; elected to the Continental Congress 1782-1783, and again 1785-1787, serving the latter part of his term as presiding officer; delegate to the Federal consti- tutional convention in 1788 ; for several years a judge of the court of common pleas; became interested ia the purchase and settlement of lands in the Genesee Valley, N. Y. ; died in Charlestown, Mass., June 11, 1796. Gorman, Arthur Pue, a Senator from Mary- land; born in Woodstock, Howard county, Md., 680 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. March 11, 1839; attended public schools; in 1852 appointed page in the National House of Represen- tatives; transferred to the Senate floor through the influence of Stephen A. Douglas, and served the Senate as page, messenger, assistant postmaster, and postmaster; removed September 1, 1866, and immediately appointed collector of internal rev- enue for the fifth district of Maryland, and served until March, 1869; appointed a director in the Chesapeake and Ohio canal company in June, 1869; member of the house of delegates of the state legislature 1869-1873; speaker of the house of dele- gates one session; in June, 1872, he was elected president of the Chesapeake and Ohio canal com- pany; in 1875 was elected to the state senate; re- elected in November, 1879, for a term of four years; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and twice reelected, and served from March 4, 1881, to March 3, 1899; was again elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1903, until his death, in Washington, D. C., June 4, 1906; interment in Laurel, Md. Gorman, James Sedgwick, a Representative from Michigan; born m Lindon, Washtenaw county, Mich., December 28, 1850; attended the common schools, the Union school of Chelsea, and was graduated from the law department of the Uni- versity of Michigan in 1876; was admitted to the bar, and engaged in practice in Jackson, Mich. ; two years assistant prosecuting attorney of Jackson county; moved to Dexter, Mich., in 1879; member of the state house of representatives in 1880; served in the state senate in 1886 and 1888 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); after the expiration of his term in Congress returned to his farm near Chelsea, Mich. Gorman, Willis Arnold, a Representative from Indiana; born near Flemingsburg, Ky., January 12, 1816; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1835, and began practice in Bloomington, Ind.; clerk of the In- diana senate 1837-1838; major and colonel of In- diana volunteers in the Mexican war; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); territo- rial governor of Minnesota 1853-1857; delegate to the constitutional convention of Minnesota in 1857 ; practiced law in St. Paul, Minn., 1857-1861; en- tered the Union army; colonel first Minnesota in- fantry April 29, 1861; brigadier general of volun- teers September 7, 1861; mustered out May 4, 1864; elected city attorney of St. Paul in 1869; died in St. Paul, Minn., May 20, 1876. Goss, James H., a Representative from South Carolina; born in Union, S. C., August 9, 1820; at- tended the public schools; engaged in mercantile pursuits; delegate to the state constitutional con- vention of 1867; elected to the Fortieth Congress, and served from July 18, 1868, to March 3, 1869. Gott, Daniel, a Representative from New York; born in Hebron, Conn., July 10, 1793; attended the public schools; moved to Powpey in 1817; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1819, and began practice in Powpey, N. Y.; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); moved to Syracuse, N. Y., in 1853; died in Syracuse, N. Y., July 6, 1864. Gould, Herman Day, a Representative from New York; born in Sharon, Litchfield county, Conn., January 16, 1799; pursued an academic course; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); died in Delhi, N. Y., January 26, 1852. Goulden, Joseph Aloy^ius, a Representative from New York ; born in Littlestown, Adams county, Pa., August 1, 1844; attended the common schools ; served in the marine corps of the navy 1864-1865; member board of managers state reformatory at Mprganza, Pa.; moved to New York City; com- missioner and trustee of public schools for ten years; member of the board of trustees, soldiers' home, Bath, N. Y.; secretary and member of . the New York City commission that erected the soldiers and sailors' monument in Riverside Park; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Six- tieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903- 1911); engaged m the insurance business in New York City. Gourdin, Theodore, a Representative from South Carolina; pursued an academic course; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815). Govan, Andrew R., a Representative from South Carolina; born in Orangeburg, S. C.; pur- sued classical studies; elected to the Seventeenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Overstreet; reelected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses, and served from December 4, 1822, to March 3, 1827. Gove, Samuel Francis, a Representative from Georgia; born in Weymouth, Mass., March 9, 1822; attended the public schools; elected to the For- tieth Congress, and served from July 25, 1868, to March 3, 1869; in 1877 became a Baptist minister and was a traveling missionary from 1879 uutil his death; died at St. Augustine, Fla., December 3, 1900; interment in Macon, Ga. Grady, Benjamin Franklin, a Representa- tive from North Carolina; born in Duplin county, N. C., October 10, 1831; attended public schools, and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1857; professor of mathematics and natural sciences in Austin college; located in Huntsville, Tex.; enlisted in a Texas Confederate regiment; served in the Trans-Mississippi depart- ment until captured with his whole command at Arkansas Post, January 11, 1863; located in North Carolina at the close of the war and engaged in teaching and in agricultural pursuits; superinten- dent of public schools of Duplin county 1881-1888; justice of the peace 1879-1890; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); retired and resides in Clinton, N. C. Graff, Joseph Verdi, a Representative from Illinois; born in Terre Haute, Ind., July 1, 1854; was graduated from the Terre Haute high school, and attended Wabash college, Crawfprdsville, Ind., one year; studied law and was admitted to the bar while living in Delavan, 111., in 1879; delegate to the Republican national convention in Minne- apolis in 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, and to the seven succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1911); moved to Peoria, 111 . , in 1899 and resumed the practice of law . Graham, James, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Lincoln county, N. C., January, 1793; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1814; BIOGBAPHIES. 681 studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; moved to Rutherford county, which he rep- resented in the state house of commons 1822-1823, 1828-1829; elected to the Twenty-third, Twenty- fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty- seventh Congresses, and served from December 2, 1833, to March 3, 1843, excepting from March 25, 1836, to December 5, 18.36, when a Democratic House declared the seat vacant, but at a new elec- tion again elected; defeated for the Twenty-eighth Congress; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); engaged in agricultural pursuits; died in Rutherford county, N. C., September 25, 1851. Graham, James Harper, a Representative from New York; born in Bovina, Delaware county, N. Y., September 18, 1812; attended the public schools; supervisor of the town of Delhi, N. Y.; chairman of the board of supervisors of Delaware county; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1868; member of the state house of representatives in 1871; served in the state senate in 1872 and 1873; died in Delhi, N. Y., June 23, 1881. Graham, James McMahon, a Representative from Illinois; born in Ireland, April 14, 1852; came to the United States, and settled in Sangamon county, 111., in 1868; attended common schools; taught school for seven years; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1885, and practiced in Springfield, 111.; served in the Illinois legislature 1885-1886; state attorney for Sangamon county, 1892-1896; member of the Springfield school board; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Graham, John Hugh, a Representative from New York; born in Belfast, Ireland, April 1, 1835; came with his parents to this country and located in Brooklyn, N. Y.; attended the public schools of Brooklyn; in 1861 recruited company A, fifth regi- ment heavy artillery, New York volunteers, and served three years as its captain, and for gallant and meritorious service at Harpers Ferry and in the Shenandoah Valley, Va., was commissioned major and bre vetted lieutenant colonel; engaged in the hardware business in Brooklyn, N. Y.; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); died in Brooklyn, N. Y., July 11, 1895. Graham, William, a Representative from In- diana; born at sea, March 16, 1782; settled with his parents in Kentucky; attended public schools of Harrodsburg, Ky.; moved to Vallonia, Ind. in 1811; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Vallonia, Ind.; member of the territorial legisla- ture in 1812; member of the first general assembly; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1816; speaker of the house of representatives in 1820; member of the state senate; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837- March 3, 1839); died near Vallonia, Ind., August 17, 1858. Graham, William Alexander, a Senator from North Carolina; born in Lincoln county, N. C., September 5, 1804; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the University of North Caro- lina in 1824; studied law in Newbern, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Hillsboro, N. C.; member of the state house of commons 1833-1840; and served as speaker during sessions of 1838 and 1840; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Robert Strange, and served from November 25, 1840, to March 3, 1843; elected governor of North Carolina in 1844 as a Whig and reelected in 1846; after de- clining the mission to Spain, in 1849, was Secre- tary of the Navy from July 20, 1850, until March 7, 1853; Whig candidate for Vice President in 1852; member state house of commons 1854-1855; mem- ber of the state senate 1861-1864; senator in the second Confederate congress; delegate to the Phila- delphia Union convention in 1866; died in Sara- toga Springs, N. Y., August 11, 1875. Graham, William Harrison, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Allegheny, Pa., August 3, 1844, and attended the public schools; served in the Civil war with the second Virginia infantry, which, after a service of two years, was mounted and became the fifth West Virginia cavalry; en- gaged in business in Allegheny, Pa.; recorder of deeds of Allegheny county for three terms; mem- ber of the state legislature for four sessions; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1903); defeated for reelection to the Fifty-eighth Congress; reelected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); defeated in the Republican primaries for renomination; member of the county board view- ers, and resides in Allegheny, Pa. Granger, Amos Phelps, a Representative from New York; born in Suffield, Conn., June 3, 1789; attended the public schools; moved to Manlius, N. Y., in 1811, where he was president of the corporation several years; served as captain in the war of 1812 at Sacketts Harbor and upon the Canadian border; moved to Syracuse, N. Y., in 1820 and engaged in numerous business enterprises; delivered the address of welcome when Lafayette visited Syracuse in 1825; delegate in the Whig national convention of 1824; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); died in Syracuse, N. Y., August 20, 1866. Granger, Bradley Francis, a Representative from Michigan; born in Lowville, Lewis county, N. Y., March 12, 1825; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; moved to Ann Arbor, Mich.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); died in Ann Arbor, Mich., November 4, 1882. Granger, Daniel Larned Davis, a Represen- tative from Rhode Island; born in Providence, R. I., May 30, 1852; was graduated from Brown university in 1874 and from the law department of Boston university in 1877; was admitted to the Rhode Island bar in 1877, and entered practice in Providence; twice elected reading clerk of the state house of representatives; city treasurer of Providence 1890-1901; elected mayor of Provi- dence in November, 1900, and reelected in 1901; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1903, until his death in Washington, D. C., February 14, 1909; interment in Providence, R. I. Granger, Francis, a Representative from New York; born in Suffield, Conn., December 1, 1792; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Yale college in 1811; moved with his father to 682 CONGKESSIONAL DIKECTOEY. Canandaigua, N. Y., in 1814; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1816, and commenced practice in Canandaigua, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives 1826-1828, and in 1830-1832; unsuccessful candidate for lieutenant governor of New York in 1828; unsuccessful candidate of the National Republicans for governor of New York in 1830 and 1832; delegate to the National Anti- Masonic convention in Philadelphia September 11, 1830; defeated as the Whig and Anti-Masonic can- didate for Vice President in 1836; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1837); defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress; elected to the Twenty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); ap- pointed by President Harrison Postmaster General of the United States, and served from March 6, 1841, to September 18, 1841; again reelected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress, to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of John Greig, and served from December 7, 1841, to March 3, 1843; delegate to the peace convention in 1861; died in Canandaigua, N. Y., August 31, 1868. Grander, Miles Tobey, a Representative from Connecticut; born in New Marlboro, Berkshire county, Mass., August 12, 1817; moved with his parents to Canaan, Conn, in 1819; pursued common school, academic, and collegiate studies, and was graduated from Wesleyan university, Middletown, Conn., in 1842; went to Louisiana in 1843; studied law and was admitted to the bar of Wilkinson county, Miss., in April, 1845; returned to Canaan, Conn.; was admitted to the bar in Litchfield in October, 1845 and practiced law in Canaan 1847-1867; elected judge of the superior court of Connecticut, and in 1876 elected judge of the supreme court and served until March 1, 1887, when he resigned; member of the state house of representatives in 1857, served in the senate 1866- 1867; judge of the superior court nineteen and one- half years; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); died in North Canaan, Conn., October 21, 1895. Grant, Abraham P., a Representative from New York; born in Oswego, N. Y.; attended the public schools; district attorney of Oswego county; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839). Grant, John Gaston, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Edneyville township, Henderson county, N. C., January 1, 1858; received a limited schooling; member of the state legislature in 1889; declined a renomination; sheriff of Henderson county in 1892, and reelected in 1894; refused a renomination in 1896; McKinley elector in 1896; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); reengaged in farming in Henderson county, N. C. Grantland, Seaton, a Representative from Georgia; born in New Kent county, Va., June 8, 1812; pursued an academic course, studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Milledgeville, Ga. ; elected as a Union candidate on a general ticket to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); a presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840; died in Milledgeville, Ga., October 18, 1864. Gravely, Joseph J., a Representative from Missouri; born in Henry county, Va., in 1828; attended public schools; member of the state legis- lature 1853-1854; moved to Missouri in 1854; elected to the constitutional convention in 1860 and to the state senate in 1862 and 1864; served in the Union Army as colonel of the eighth Missouri cavalry; elected as a Radical to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); lieutenant-governor of Missouri 1869-1872; died April 28, 1872. Graves, Alexander, a Representative from Missouri; born in Mount Carmel, Miss., August 18, 1848; at the outbreak of the war he left Centre college, Danville, Ky.; joined the Confederate army and served under Gen. N. B. Forrest; paroled with him in Gainesville, Ala., May, 1865; after being mustered out returned to college and was graduated from Oakland (now Alcorn) university, Mississippi, in July, 1867; studied law, and was graduated from the University of Virginia in June, 1869; was admitted to the bar, practiced law in Lexington, Mo.; elected city attorney in 1872; prosecuting attorney of Lafayette county, Mo., in 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); resumed the practice of law and resides in Lexington, Mo. Graves, William J., a Representative from Kentucky; born in Newcastle, Ky., in 1805; pur- sued an academic course; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar and commenced practice; member of the state house of representatives in 1834; elected as a Whig; to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1841); member of the state legislature in 1843; died in Louisville, Ky., September 27, 1848. Gray, Edwin, a Representative from Virginia; born in Virginia in 1769; attended the public schools; served in the state house of burgesses 1769-1774; member of the house of delegates; elected to the state senate; member of the state constitutional conventions of 1774, 1775 and 1776; elected to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1813); died about 1790. Gray, George, a Senator from Delaware; born in Newcastle, Del., May 4, 1840; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Prince- ton college, 1862; studied law with his father and one year in the Harvard law school; was admitted to practice in 1863; appointed attorney general of Delaware in 1879 by Governor Hall, and re- appointed in 1884 by Governor Stockley; delegate to the Democratic national conventions in St. Louis in 1876, in Cincinnati in 1880, and in Chicago in 1884 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas F. Bayard; reelected in 1887 and 1898 and served from March 19, 1885 until March 3, 1899; member of the commission which met in Quebec, August, 1898, to settle differences between United States and Canada; later of the commission which met in Paris in September, 1898, to arrange terms of peace between the United States and Spain; appointed judge of the United States circuit court by President McKinley in 1899; in October, 1902, appointed chairman of the commission to inves- tigate conditions of the coal strike in Pennsylvania; appointed by President McKinley, a member of the permanent court of arbitration at The Hague in 1900; reappointed in 1906 by President Roose- velt; member of said court in the North Atlantic Coast Fisheries arbitration, under the special agreement between the United States and Great Britain, of January 27, 1909; resides in Wilmington, Del. BIOGRAPHIES. 683 Gray, Hiram, a Representative from New York; born in Salem, Washington county, N. Y., July 10, 1801; was graduated from Union college in 1821; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1823 and practiced in Elmira, N. Y., 1825-1828; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); appointed by Governor Silas Wright circuit judge and vice chancellor of the sixth judicial district of New York in 1846; elected justice of the supreme court of New York in 1847; reelected in 1851, and served until 1860; com- missioner of appeals 1870-1875; died in Elmira, N. Y., May 6, 1890. Gray, John C., a Representative from Virginia; born in Southampton county, Va.; pursued an academic course; elected to the Sixteenth Con- fress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of ames Johnson, and served from November 18, 1820, to March 3, 1821. Grayson, William, a Delegate and a Senator from Virginia; born in Prince William county, Va., in 1740; attended the University of Pennsyl- vania; was sent abroad and pursued classical stud- ies in England and was graduated from the Uni- versity of Oxford; studied law at the Temple in London; returned to Virginia and practiced law in Dumfries; was aid-de-camp to General Washing- ton, August 24, 1776; entered the Revolutionary army as colonel of a Virginia regiment, January 1, 1777; distinguished himself at the battle of Mon- mouth in 1778; member of the board of war 1780- 1781, delegate in the Continental Congress, 1784- 1787; member of the Virginia convention of 1788 for the adoption of the Federal Constitution which he opposed; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1789, until his death in Dumfries, Va., March 12, 1790; final interment in the restored vault in Belle Air, the old family estate near Dumfries, Va. Grayson, William John, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Beaufort, S. C., No- vember 10, 1788; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from the South Carolina college in 1809 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Beaufort, S. C. ; appointed a com- missioner in equity; member of the state house of representatives in 1813; served in the state senate in 1831 ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); collector of customs in Charleston 1841- 1843; died in Newberry, S. C., October 4, 1863. Greeley, Horace, a Representative from New York; born in Amherst, N. H., February 3, 1811; attended the public schools; apprenticed to the art of printing in East Poultney, Vt., 1826-1830; worked as a journeyman printer in Erie, Pa., and after August, 1831, in New York City; commenced the publication of the Morning Post January 1, 1833, but it was soon discontinued; published the New Yorker 1834-1841; edited the Log Cabin to 1840; founded the New York Tribune April 10, 1841, and edited it until his death; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the unseating of David S. Jackson, and served from December 4, 1848, to March 3, 1849; visited Europe in 1851, and was chairman of one of the juries at the World's Fair; presidential elector on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket in 1864; dele- gate to the state constitutional convention of 1867 ; at the close of the Civil war advocated universal amnesty and universal suffrage, and in May, 1867, offered himself as bail for Jefferson Davis; in November, 1867, appointed by President Johnson United States minister to Austria, but declined; nominated by the Reform Republicans in Cincin- nati in 1872 and by the Democrats in Baltimore for the Presidency, but was defeated by General Grant; died in an asylum near New York city No- vember 29, 1872. Green, Byram, a Representative from New York; born in East Windsor, Mass., April 15, 1786; attended the public schools, and was grad- uated from Williams college in 1808; professor in college, Beaufort, S, C., in 1810; judge of the cir- cuit court of Wayne county in 1814; fought in the battle of Sodus Point in 1812; member of the state assembly in 1816-1822; served in the state senate 1823-1824; elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); died in Sodus, Wayne county, N. Y., October 18, 1865. Green, Frederick William, a Representative from Ohio; born in Fredericktown, Md., February 18, 1816; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Tiffin, Ohio; after holding several local offices was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); commissioner from Ohio to the Philadel- phia Centennial exposition; state oil inspector; editor of the Cleveland Plain Dealer; died in Cleveland, Ohio, June 18, 1879. Green, Henry Dickinson, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Reading, Berks county, Pa., May 3, 1857; attended the public schools and was graduated from the Reading high school in 1872 and Yale university in 1877; admitted to practice law in the Berks county bar in November, 1879; member of the house of representatives of Pennsylvania 1883-1884 and 1885-1886; member of the state senate 1889-1896; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Daniel Ermentrout; reelected to the Fifty-seventh Congress, and served from December 4, 1899, to March 3, 1903. Green, Iimis, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Hanover township, Pa., March 25, 1776; pursued an academic course; studied law and was admitted to the bar; appointed one of the associate judges of Dauphin county by Governor Findlay, August 10, 1818, and resigned October 23, 1827; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831); reappointed associate judge of Dauphin county and served until his death; died in Dau- phin, Pa., August 4, 1839. Green, Isaiah Lewis, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Barnstable, Mass., Decem- ber 28, 1761; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Harvard college in 1781; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced; elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1805- March 3, 1809) reelected to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); held several local offices; died in Cambridge, Mass., December 5, 1841. Green, James S., a Representative and a Sena- tor from Missouri; born in Fauquier county, Va., February 28, 1817; attended the public schools; moved to Alabama, and then to Missouri; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1840 and com- menced practice in Canton, Mo.; presidential 684 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1845; elected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); charge d'affaires to Colombia May 24, 1853, to August 13, 1854; appointed minister resident June 29, 1854, but did not present his credentials; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress, but did not take his seat, having been elected to the United States Senate for the term commencing March 4, 1855. and served from January 12, 1857, to March 3, 1861; died in St. Louis, Mo.; January 19, 1870. Green, Robert Stockton, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Princeton, N. J., March 25, 1831; was graduated from the College of New Jersey in ] 850; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1853; city attorney of Elizabeth 1857-1868; surrogate of Union county 1862-1867; presiding judge of Union county court of common pleas 1868-1873; member of the commission to suggest amendments to the constitution of New Jersey in 1873; became a member of the bar of New York in 1874; delegate to the Democratic national conven- tions of 1860 and 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress, and served from March 4, 1885, until he resigned, January 17, 1887; gov- ernor of New Jersey 1887-1889; appointed vice- chancellor for a term of seven years in 1890; judge of the court of errors and appeals; died in Eliza- beth, N. J., May 7, 1895. Green, Wharton Jackson, a Representative from North Carolina; born near St. Marks, Fla., February 28, 1831; attended Georgetown college, Lovejoy's academy in Raleigh, the United States military academy in West Point, N. Y., and the University of Virginia; pursued legal studies in the University of Virginia and in Cumberland uni- versity; was lieutenant-colonel, commanding sec- ond North Carolina battalion in the Confederate army; afterwards on General Daniel's staff; wounded and taken prisoner at the battle of Gettys- burg; delegate to tne Democratic national con- vention in New York in 1868; delegate to the Democratic national convention in St. Louis; state alternate to the Democratic national convention in Cincinnati; candidate for presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); died in Fayetteville, N. C., August 6, 1910. Green, Willis, a Representative from Kentucky; native of the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia; at- tended the public schools; located in that part of Virginia which is now the State of Kentucky; member of the state constitutional convention in 1792; surveyor for locating land warrants; member of the state legislature in 1836 and 1837; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1845). Greene, Albert Collins, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in East Greenwich, R. I., April 15, 1791; pursued an academic course; studied law in New York, and was admitted to the bar; returned to Rhode Island, and commenced practice; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1816, 1822-1825, and served the last year as speaker; brigadier general and major general in the militia; attorney general of Rhode Island 1825-1843 ; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1845, to March 3, 1851; again a mem- ber of the state house of representatives and of the state senate; died in Providence, R. I., January 8, 1863. Greene, George Woodward, a Representative from New York; born in Mt. Hope, Orange county, N. Y., July 4, 1831; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the University of Pennsyl- vania; taught school; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1860, and commenced practice in Gosh en, N. Y., school commissioner for Orange county; judge of the Orange county courts 1861-1864; pre- sented credentials as a Democratic member-elect to the Forty-first Congress, and served from March 4, 1869, to February 17, 1870, when he was suc- ceeded by Charles H. Van Wyck, who contested his election; member of the state assembly 1885- 1888; died in New York City, July 21, 1895; inter- ment in Mount Hope, N. Y. Greene, Bay, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Warwick, R. I., February 2, 1765; pursued classical studies, graduating from Yale college in 1784; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Providence, R. I.; attorney gen- eral of Rhode Island 1794-1797; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Bradford, and served from November 13, 1797, to March 5, 1801, when he resigned; died in Warwick, R. I., January 11, 1849. Greene, Thomas M., a Delegate from Missis- sippi territory; native of Virginia; moved to Bruins- burg, Mississippi territory; engaged in planting; elected a Delegate to the Seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Narsworthy Hun- ter, and served from December 6, 1802, to March 3, 1803. Greene, William Laury, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Pike county, Ind., October 13, 1849; moved with his parents to Dubois county, in the same state; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Ireland academy, Ind., studied law, and admitted to the bar in Bloomington, Ind., in 1876; moved with his family to Kearney, Nebr., in 1883, and resumed the practice of his profes- sion ; elected judge of the twelfth judicial district of Nebraska in 1895-1897; elected as a Populist to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1897, until his death on hip way home from Washington, D. C., March 11, 1899. Greene, William Stedman, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Tremont, Tazewell county, 111., April 28, 1841; moved to Fall River, Mass., with his parents in 1844; attended the public schools of that city; member of the com- mon council in 1876-1879, and served as president of the body 1877-1879; mayor of Fall River in 1880; alternate delegate to Republican national convention which nominated President Garfield; reelected mayor in 1881, but resigned the same year; appointed postmaster of Fall River by Presi- dent Garfield ; again elected mayor in 1886; general superintendent of prisons 1888-1893 ; mayor in 1895, 1896, and 1897; declined a reelection in 1898; ap- pointed postmaster by President McKinley, and entered upon his duties April 1, 1898; resigned and was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Simpkins; reelected to the Fifty -sixth, Fifty- seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from June 15, 1898, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. BIOGRAPHIES. 685 Greenhalge, Frederic Thomas, a Representa- tive from Massachusetts; born in Clithere, England, July 19, 1842; came with his parents to the United States in early childhood; attended the public schools of Lowell, Mass., and Harvard college 1859- 1862; taught school and studied law; with the Union army in Newbern, N. ., for five months; was admitted to the bar in Lowell, Mass., in 1865; served in the common council of Lowell 1868-1869; member of the school committee 1871-1873; mayor of Lowell 1880-1881; delegate to the Republican national convention of 1884; member of the state house of representatives in 1885; city solicitor in 1888; defeated for the state senate in 1881 and .for the house in 1885; practiced law in Middlesex and other counties; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); governor of Massachusetts in 1894, 1895, and 1896, and served until his death in Lowell, Mass., March 5, 1896. Greenleaf , Halbert Stevens, a Representative from New York; born in Guilford, Windham county, Vt., April 12, 1827; attended the common Bchools and completed an academic course; moved to Philadelphia, Pa., in 1859, and engaged in manufacturing; returned to Shelburne Falls, Mass., in 1861; organized the Yale & Greenleaf Lock company; enlisted as a private in the Union army August, 1862; commissioned captain of company E, fifty-second regiment Massachusetts volunteers, September 12, 1862; elected colonel of the regiment October 23, 1862; located in Rochester, N. Y., in 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); reelected to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); died in the town of Greece, near Char- lotte, N. Y., August 25, 1906; interment in Mount Hope cemetery, Rochester, N. Y. Greenman, Edward Whitford, a Represent- ative from New York; bom in Berlin, Rensselaer county, N. Y., January 26, 1840; attended the common schools and an academy; engaged in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits in Berlin, N. Y.; supervisor of Berlin 1866, 1867, and 1868; clerk of Rensselaer county 1868-1871; deputy county clerk for ten years; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); cashier of the Central National Bank, o, Troy, N. Y.; died in Troy, N. Y., August 2, 1908* Greenup, Christopher, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Virginia in 1750; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Frankfort, Ky.; served in the Revolution and attained the rank of colonel; elected to the Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1797); governor of Kentucky 1804-1808; presidential elec- tor on the Madison and Clinton ticket; died in Frankfort, Ky., April 24, 1818. Greenwood, Alfred Burton, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Franklin county, Ga., July 11, 1811; pursued classical studies and was grad- uated from the University of Georgia in Athens; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Bentonville, Ark.; member of the state house of representatives 1842-1845; state prosecut- ing attorney 1845-1851; circuit judge of Arkansas 1851-1853; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859); Commissioner of Indian Affairs May 13, 1859, to April 13, 1861; representative in the Confederate congress; died in Bentonville, Ark., October 4, 1889. Gregg, Andrew, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Pennsylvania; born in Carlisle, Pa., June 10, 1755; pursued an academic course and was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1782; tutor in the University of Pennsylvania 1779-1782; engaged in business in Middletown 1783-1789; engaged in farming in Penn's Valley 1789-1835; elected to the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1807); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1813; elected President of the Senate pro tempore June 26, 1809; moved to Belle- fonte, Pa., in 1814; appointed secretary of state for Pennsylvania in 1816; died in Belief onte, Pa., May 20, 1834. Gregg, Alexander White, a Representative from Texas; native of that state; was graduated from King college, Bristol, Tenn., studied law in the University of Virginia; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Palestine, Tex.; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Six- tieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Gregg, James Madison, a Representative from Indiana; born in Patrick county, Va., June 26,1806; attended the pub lie schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1830, and began prac- ticing in Danville, Ind.; county surveyor of Hen- dricks county 1834-1837; clerk of the circuit court 1837-1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); re- sumed the practice of law in Danville, Ind.; elected to the state legislature in 1862; died in Danville, Ind., June 16, 1869. Gregory, Dudley S., a Representative from New Jersey; born in Redding, Conn., February 5, 1800; moved with his father to Albany, N. Y., in 1807; employed in the office of the comptroller of state; attended the public schools; moved to New York City in 1824; removed to Jersey City; city mayor in 1838 and was reelected several times; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); held several local offices; died in Jersey City, N. J., December 8, 1874. Greig, John, a Representative from New York; born in Dumfriesshire, Scotland, August 6, 1779; attended the Edinburgh high school; came to America in 1797; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1804, and commenced practice in Canan- daigua, N. Y.; president of the Ontario bank 1820- 1856; regent of the state university 1825-1858; vice chancellor of the same institution after Jan- uary, 1845; one of the founders of the Ontario female seminary; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Francis Granger, and served from May 31, 1841, to September 25, 1841, when he resigned; president of the Ontario agricultural society; died in'Canandaigua, N. Y., April 9, 1858. Grennell, George, jr., a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Greenfield, Mass., Decem- ber 25, 1786; attended Deerfield academy, and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1808; was admitted to the bar in 1811; prosecuting attorney for Franklin county 1820-1828; member of the state senate 1825-1827; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty- third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1839); trustee of Amherst 686 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. college 1838-1859; judge of probate 1849-1853; clerk of Franklin county courts 1853-1865; first president of the Troy and Greenfield railroad; died in Greenfield, Mass., November 20, 1877. Gresham, Walter, a Representative from Texas; born in King and Queen county, Va., July 22, 1841; was graduated from the university of Virginia in 1863; served as a private in the Confed- erate army; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1867, and began practice in Galveston, Tex., the same year; district attorney for the Galveston judicial district in 1872; member of the state legis- lature 1886-1891; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of his profession and resides in Galveston, Tex. Grey, Benjamin E., a Representative from Kentucky; native of that state; pursued an aca- demic course ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Hopkinsville; member of the state house of representatives 1838-1839; served in the state senate 1847-1851; speaker of the senate and acting lieutenant governor in 1850; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855). Glider, Henry, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Garrard county, Ky., July 16, 1796; pursued an academic course; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Bowling Green, Ky.; served in the War of 1812; member of the state house of representatives in 1827 and 1831; served in the state senate 1833-1837; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); re- elected to the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, and Thirty-ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1861, until his death in Warren county, Ky., Sep- tembr 14, 1866. Griest, William Walton, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born near Christiana, Pa., Septem- ber 22, 1859; attended common schools, and was graduated from the Millersville state normal school in 1876; taught school; director and an incorporates of the Pennsylvania public school memorial asso- ciation; engaged in newspaper work; chief clerk in the county commissioner's office 1887-1899; secretary of the commonwealth of Pennsylvania 1899-1903; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1896, 1900, 1904, 1908, and 1912; editor of a newspaper in Lancaster, Pa. ; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reekcted to the Sixty-second Congress. Griffin, Cyrus, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Richmond county, Va., July 16, 1748; sent to England to be educated; on his return to Virginia prominent in pre-Revolutionary movements; mem- ber of the colonial house of burgesses; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1778-1781 and 1787-1788, and its president in 1788; president of the supreme court of admiralty; commissioner to the Creek Nation in 1789; judge of the United States district court of Virginia from December, 1789, until his death in Yorktown, Va., December 14, 1810. Griffin, Isaac, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; native of Delaware; attended the public schools; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817). Griffin, John K., a Representative from South Carolina; born in Milton, S. C.; pursued an aca- demic course; elected as a State Rights Whig to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1841); died in Milton, S. C., August 1, 1841. Griffin, Levi Thomas, a Representative of Michigan; born in Clinton, Oneida county, N. Y., May 23, 1837; moved with his parents to Roches- ter, Oakland county, Mich., in 1848; was gradu- ated from the university of Michigan in 1857; entered upon the study of law in Detroit, was admitted to the bar, and entered practice there; entered the United States Army in August, 1862, as second lieutenant, fourth Michigan cavalry, and served as first lieutenant, adjutant, captain, bri- gade inspector, acting assistant adjutant general, cavalry division, and acting assistant adjutant general, cavalry corps, Military Division of Missis- sippi, and brevetted major; at the close of the war resumed the practice of law in Detroit; appointed Fletcher professor of law in the university of Michi- gan in 1886; defeated candidate for judge of the su- preme court in 1887; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Logan Chipman, and served from December 4, 1893, to March 4, 1895; died in De- troit, Mich., March 17, 1906. Griffin, Michael, a Representative from Wis- consin; born in County Clare, Ireland, September 9, 1842; emigrated with his parents to Canada in 1847, to Ohio in 1851, and to Wisconsin in 1856; attended the common schools of Ohio and Wiscon- sin; first resided in Sauk county, Wis., until 1868, and then moved to Kilbourn City, Wis., where he remained until 1876, removing in that year to Eau Claire; enlisted September 11, 1861, as a private in company E, twelfth regiment Wisconsin volun- teer infantry, and served until the close of the war; attained the rank of first lieutenant; mustered out July 16, 1865; member of the county board of Columbia county, Wis., 1874-1875; member of assembly in 1876; city attorney of Eau Claire in 1878-1880; state senator 1880-1881; department commander of the Grand Army of the Republic 1887-1888; admitted to the bar May 19, 1868, and engaged in practice in Eau Claire; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third Congress, to fill va- cancy caused by the death of George B. Shaw, and at the same election to the Fifty-fourth Congress; reelected to the Fifty-fifth Congress, and served from December 3, 1894, to March 3, 1899; ap- pointed chairman of state tax commission by Gov- ernor Schofield May 28, 1899; died in Eau Claire, Wis., December 29, 1899. Griffin, Samuel, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of that state; pursued classical stud- ies; studied and practiced law; elected to the First, Second, and Third Congresses (March 4, 1789-March3, 1795). Griffin, Thomas, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of that state; pursued classical stud- ies; elected to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March3, 1805). Griffith, Francis Marion, a Representative from Indiana; born in Moorefield, Switzerland county, Ind., August 21, 1849; attended the coun- try schools of the county, the high school in Vevay, Ind., and Franklin college; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar and practiced in Vevay; mem- BIOGRAPHIES. 687 mer of the state senate 1886-1894; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress at the special election held August 10, 1897, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William S. Holman; re- elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty -seventh, Fifty- eighth Congresses, and served from December 6, 1897, to March 3, 1905; resumed the practice of law in Vevay, Ind. Griffith, Samuel, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Merther Tydvil, South Wales, Great Britain, February 14, 1816; instructed in elementary branches by a private teacher in the Allegheny college, Meadville, Pa.; studied law, and in 1846 was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Mercer, Pa.; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died in Mercer, Pa., October 1, 1893. Griggs, James Mathews, a Representative from Georgia; born in Lagrange, Ga., March 29, 1861; attended the common schools, and was grad- uated from the Peabody Normal college, Nashville, Tenn., in May, 1881; after graduation taught school and studied law; admitted to the bar in 1883, and commenced the practice of law in 1884 in Alapaha, Berrien county, Ga.; engaged in the newspaper business; moved to Dawson, Ga., in 1885; solicitor general of the Pataula judicial cir- cuit 1888-1893; appointed judge of the same cir- cuit and twice reelected; resigned in 1896 to make the race for Congress; delegate to the Democratic national convention of 1892; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1897, until his death, in Dawson, Ga., January 5, 1910. Grimes, James Wilson, a Senator from Iowa; born in Deering, N. H., October 20, 1816; was graduated from Hampton academy, and from Dart- mouth college in 1836; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in the "Black Hawk Purchase," Wisconsn Territory, afterwards the site of Burlington, Iowa; served several terms in the Iowa state legislature; governor of Iowa 1854-1858; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1859; reelected in 1865, and served from March 4, 1859 ; until December 6, 1869, when he resigned; died in Burlington, Iowa, February 7, 1872. Grimes, Thomas Wingfield, a Representative from Georgia; born in Columbus, Ga., December 18, 1844; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Columbus; served as a private in the Confederate army during the last eighteen months of the Civil war; member of the legislature 1868- 1869 and 1875-1876; state senator 1878-1879 ; mem- ber of the Democratic national convention of 1880; elected by the Georgia legislature in 1880 solicitor general of the Chattahoochee circuit for a term of four years; reelected in 1884; resigned upon being nominated for Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); resumed the practice of law in Columbus, Ga.; died in Columbus, Ga., Octo- ber 28, 1905. Grinnell, Joseph, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts" born in New Bedford, Mass., Novem- ber 17, 1788; completed preparatory studies; moved to New York City in 1809; engaged in busi- ness until 1829; traveled in Europe, and returned to New Bedford to reside; member of the governor's council 1839-1841; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1851); president of the New Bedford and Taunton railroad, the First National Bank, and the Wam- sutta cotton mills; died in New Bedford, Mass., February 7, 1885. Grinnell, Josiah Bushnell, a Representative from Iowa; born in New Haven, Vt., December 22, 1821; pursued classical studies, and was gradu- ated from Auburn theological seminary in 1847; ordained a Presbyterian clergyman; held pastor- ates in Union Village, N. Y., Washington, D. C., and in the Congregational Church of New York City; moved to Iowa in 1855; engaged in agricul- tural pursuits; founded Grinnell university; elected state senator in 1856, and served four years; delegate to the Republican national convention of 1860; special agent for the Post Office Department for two years; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867); president of the St. Louis and St. Paul railroad, of the state horticultural so- ciety, and of the First National Bank, in Marshall- town; died in Marshalltown, Iowa, March 31, 1891. Grinnell, Moses Hicks, a Representative from New York; born in New Bedford, Mass., March 3, 1803; pursued an academic course; entered a counting room in New York City in 1818, and until 1860 was a merchant in that city; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1841); defeated for reelection to the Twenty-seventh Congress; presidential elector on the Fremont ticket; president of the chamber of commerce and of the Merchants' Clerks' Savings bank; commissioner of charities and corrections; Central Park commissioner; one of the Union de- fense committee; collector of the port of New York March, 1869, to July, 1870; naval officer of customs July, 1870. to April, 1871; died in New York City November 24, 1877. Griswold, Gaylord, a Representative from New York; native of Connecticut; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale college in 1787; moved to Herkimer, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives 1796-1798; elected to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805). Griswold, John Augustus, a Representative from New York; born in Nassau, N. Y., November 11, 1818; received an academic training; engaged in mercantile pursuits and in steel manufacture; mayor of Troy in 1855; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); reelected as a Republican to the Thirty- ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865- March 3, 1869); defeated as the Republican can- didate for governor of New York in 1868; died in Troy, N. Y., October 31, 1872. Griswold, John Ashley, a Representative from New York; born in Cairo, Greene county, N. Y., November 18, 1822; attended the common schools and the academies in Prattsville and Catskill, N. Y.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1848, and commenced practice in Greene county; county district attorney 1856-1859; county judge 1864- 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); member of the state constitutional convention of 1894; died in Catskill, Greene county, N. Y., February 22, 1902. 688 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Griswold, Matthew, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Lyme, New London county, Conn., June 6, 1833; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course ; engaged in teaching and farming for a number of years; elected to various local offices; member of the Con- necticut house of representatives in 1862 and 1865 ; moved to Erie, Pa., in 1866; engaged in manufac- turing; elected trustee of Erie academy for four successive terms; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); reelected to the Fifty -fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); retired and resides in Erie, Pa. Griswold, Roger, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Lyme, Conn., May 21, 1762; pur- sued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale college in 1780; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1783, and began practice in Norwich; returned to Lyme in 1794; elected as a Federalist to the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1805); declined the portfolio of Secretary of War tendered by President Adams in 1801; judge of the supreme court of Connecticut in 1807 ; presidential elector on the Pinckneyand King ticket; lieutenant gov- ernor of Connecticut 1809-1811, and governor from 1811 until his death, in Norwich, Conn., October 25, 1812. Griswold, Stanley, a Senator from Ohio; born in Torringford, Conn., November 14, 1763; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale col- lege in 1786; studied theology; pastor in Milford, Conn., 1790-1802, and also in Greenfield, Mass.; editor of a Democratic paper in Walpole, N. H., in 1804; appointed secretary of Michigan Territory in 1805; moved to Ohio; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward Tiffin, and served from May 18, 1809, to December 11, 1809; appointed United States judge of the Northwest Territory; died in Shawneetown, 111., August 21, 1815. Groesbeck, William Slocum, a Representative from Ohio; born in New York City July 24, 1815; Sursued an academic course, and was graduated om Miami university in 1835; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Cincin- nati, Ohio; member of the state constitutional convention of 1851; commissioner to codify the laws of Ohio in 1852; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); member of the peace conference in 1861; served in the state senate 1862-1864; delegate to the Union national convention in Philadelphia in 1866; one of President Johnson's counsel in his impeachment trial in 1868; delegate to the international mone- tary conference in Paris, France, in 1878; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, July 7, 1897. Gronna, Asle J., a Representative and a Senator from North Dakota; born in Elkader, Clay- ton county, Iowa, December 10, 1858; moved with his parents to Houston county, Minn., where he attended the public schools and the Caledonia academy; taught school for two years in Wilming- ton, Minn.; moved to Dakota Territory in 1879, and engaged in farming and teaching; in 1880 moved to Buxton, Traill county, and engaged in business; moved to Lakota, Nelson county, in 1887; member of the territorial legislature of 1889; served as president of the village board of trustees and president of the board of education several terms; in 1902 became chairman of the county central committee of Nelson county, and was reelected to the position in 1904; appointed a member of the board of regents of the University of North Dakota by Governor Frank White in 1902; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses and served from March 4, 1905, until February 2, 1911, when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Martin N.Johnson and for the term ending March 3, 1915, and took his seat February 2, 1911. Groorne, James Black, a Senator from Mary- land; born in Elkton, Md., April 4, 1838; completed preparatory studies in the Tennant school, Harts- ville, Pa.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1861, and began practice in Elkton, Md.; member of the convention which framed the constitution of Maryland in 1867 ; member of the house of delegates in 1871; presidential elector in 1872; reelected to the house of delegates in 1873; resigned early in the session to accept the position of governor of the state; his term as governor expired in January, 1876; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1879, to March 3, 1885; collector of customs for the port of Baltimore, 1889- 1893; died in Baltimore, Md., October 5, 1893. Gross, Ezra Carter, a Representative from New York; native of Windsor county, Vt.; pursued classical studies; was graduated from the Univer- sity of Vermont in 1806; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Elizabethtown, N. Y.; surrogate of Essex county 1815-1819; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); member of the legislative in 1828-1829; died in Keeseville, N. Y., August 6, 1829. Gross, Samuel, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Montgomery county, Pa., in 1767; attended the public schools; member of the state house of representatives 1803-1806; served in the state senate 1812-1815; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1823); died in Trappe, Pa., March 19, 1839. Grosvenor, Charles Henry, a Representative from Ohio; born in Pomfret, Windham county, Conn., September 20, 1833; went with his parents to Ohio in 1838; attended country school in Athens county; taught school and studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1857; served in the Union Army; major of the eighteenth Ohio infantry Sep- tember 25, 1861; lieutenant colonel June 9, 1863; colonel April 19, 1865; brevet colonel and brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war' '; mustered out October 9, 1865; held divers township and village offices; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1874-1878 and served as speaker two years; presidential elector in 1872 and 1880; mem- ber of the board of trustees of the Ohio soldiers and sailors' orphans' home in Xenia from April, 1880, until 1888, and president of the board for five years; delegate at large to the Republican national con- vention in St. Louis in 1896, and in Philadelphia in 1900; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1891); reelected to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1907); resumed the practice of law in Athens, Ohio. BIOGKAPHIES. 689 Grosvenor, Thomas P., a Representative from New York; born in Pomfret, Conn., in 1780; pur- sued classical studies; was graduated from Yale col- lege in 1806; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Hudson, N. Y.; member of the state legislature 1810-1812; district attorney of Essex county 1810-1811; elected as a Federalist to the Twelfth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Robert Le Roy Livingston; reelected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses, and served from January 29, 1813, to March 3, 1817. Grout, Jonathan, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Lunenburg, Worcester county, Mass., July 23, 1737; served in the expedition against Canada 1757-1760; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar, and began practice in Petersham, Mass. ; served in the Revolutionary war; member of the state house of representatives in 1781, 1784, and 1787; served in the state senate in 1788; mem- ber of the state constitutional convention in 1788; elected as a Democrat to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); returned to Lunenburg, Mass, (now Vermont), in 1803; died in Dover, N. II., September 8, 1807. Grout, William. Wallace, a Representative from Vermont; born in Compton, province of Que- bec, May 24, 1836; pursued an academic course and was graduated from the Poughkeepsie law school in 1857 ; was admitted to the bar in December of the same year, and practiced in Barton, Vt.; state at- torney for Orleans county 1865-1866; served as lieu- tenant colonel of the fifteenth Vermont volunteers in the Union army during the Civil War; member of the Vermont house of representatives in 1868- 1870, and 1874; served in the senate in 1876, and was president pro tempore of that body; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); and reelected to the Forty- ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty- third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1901); died in Kirby, Vt., October 7, 1902. Grove, William Barry, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Fayetteville, N. C., Janu- ary 15, 1764; completed preparatory studies; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; served as register of the county; member of the state house of commons 1786 ; 1788 and 1789; delegate to the convention to consider the ratification of the constitution of the United States; also a delegate to the convention which ratified the constitution in 1789; elected to the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1803); unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1802; trustee of the University of North Carolina; justice of the peace; president of the Fayetteville branch of the Bank of the United States; died in Fayetteville, N. C., March 30, 1818. Grover, Asa Porter, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Ontario county, N. Y., Febru- ary 18, 1819; moved to Kentucky in 1837; attended Centre college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Louisville, Ky., in 1843; member of the state senate 1858-3865; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869). Grover, La Fayette, a Representative and a Senator from Oregon; born in Bethel, Oxford county, Me., November 29, 1823; attended Gould's academy, Bethel, and Bowdoin college 1844-1846; studied law in Philadelphia, Pa., and was admitted 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 44 to the bar in 1850; moved to Oregon in August, 1851, and entered upon the practice of law in Salem; elected by the territorial legislature prose- cuting attorney for the second judicial district, and as auditor of public accounts for the territory, 1851-1852; member of the legislature in 1853; appointed by the Department of the Interior as a commissioner to audit the spoliation claims grow- ing out of the Rogue River Indian war in 1854; again a member of the legislature in 1855 and was speaker of the house; appointed by the Secretary of War a member of the board of commissioners to audit the Indian war expenses of Oregon and Washington in 1856; delegate to the convention which framed the constitution of Oregon in 1857; elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857- March 3, 1859); governor of Oregon 1870-1877, when he resigned; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1877, to March 3, 1883; died in Portland, Oreg., May 10, 1911. Grover, Martin, a Representative from New York; born in Hartwick, Otsego county, N. Y., October 20, 1811; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Angelica, N. Y.; elected as a Native American Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); elected justice of the supreme court in November, 1857, and re- elected in 1859 ; elected judge of the court of appeals in 1867; elected an associate judge for fourteen years in 1870; died in Angelica, N. Y., August 23, 1875. Grow, Galusha Aaron, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Ashford (now Eastford), \Vindham county, Conn., August 31, 1823; moved to Susquehanna county, Pa. , in May, 1834 ; attended the common schools, Franklin academy, Susque- hanna county, and was graduated from Amherst college in July, 1844 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar April 19, 1847; elected as a Free Soil Democrat to the Thrty-secdnd, Thirty -third and Thirty-fourth Congresses, and as a Repubican to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1851-March3, 1863); Repub- lican nominee for Speaker in 1857; served as Speaker of the House of Representatives in the Thirty-seventh Congress; delegate to the Republi- can national conventions of 1864, 1884, and 1892; president of the International and Great Northern railroad company of Texas 1871-1876; reelected to the Fifty-third Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of William Lilly; reelected to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty- seventh Congresses and served from March 2, 1894, until March 3, 1903; declined a renomination ; died in Glenwood, near Scranton, Pa., March 31, 1907. Grundy, Felix, a Representative and a Senator from Tennessee; born in Berkeley county, Va., September 11, 1777; went with parents to Browns- ville, Pa.; thence in 1780 to Kentucky; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced ; member of the Kentucky constitutional convention of 1799; member of the state legislature 1800-1805; chosen judge of the supreme court of Kentucky in 1806, and was soon afterwards made chief justice; moved to Nashville, Tenn., in 1807 and resumed the practice of law; elected as a War Democrat to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses and served from (March 4, 1811 , until 1814, when he resigned; member of the Tennessee house of representatives 1815-1819; 690 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. elected to the United States Senate, reelected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John II . Eaton, and served from October 19, 1829, to July 4, 1838, when he resigned; appointed Attorney- General of the United States July 5, 1838; resigned December 1, 1840, to become United States Senator, to fill vacancy in the term beginning March 4, 1839, and to fill vacancy caused by his own resignation; having doubts as to his eligibility , returned to Tennessee to become a bona fide citizen of the state, and was again elected to the United States Senate December 14, 1839; died in Nash- ville, Tenn., December 19, 1840. Gudger, Jr., James Madison, a Representa- tive from North Carolina; born in Madison county, N. C., in 1855; attended Emory and Henry college, Virginia; studied law in Pearson's law school; state senator in 1900; state solicitor of the Sixteenth dis- trict at the time of his election to Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907). Re- elected to the Sixty-second Congress. Guenther, Richard, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Potsdam, Prussia, November 30, 1845; received a collegiate training; studied pharmacy in the Royal pharmacy in Potsdam; emi- grated to the United States in July, 1866; moved to Oshkosh, Wis., in 1867; elected state treasurer of Wisconsin in 1876 and reelected in 1878; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1889); appointed consul-general to Mexico by President Harrison and retired from that position at the end of the administration; appointed consul-general at Frankfort-on-the- Main by President McKinley; resigned December 9, 1912; consul-general at Cape Town, Africa. Guernsey, Frank Edward, a Representative from Maine; born October 15, 1866, in Dover, Pis- cataquis county, Me. ; attended the common schools, Foxcrof t academy, Eastern Maine conference semi- nary in Bucksport, Maine Wesleyan seminary, Kents Hill, Me., and Eastman's business college, Poughkeepsie, N. Y., studied law and was admit- ted to the bar in Dover in 1890; treasurer of Pisca- taquis county 1890-1896 ; member of the state house of representatives 1897-1899, served in the senate in 1903 ; delegate to the Republican national conven- tion in Chicago in 1908; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by death of Llewellyn Powers; reelected to the Sixty- first Congress and served from December 7, 1908 to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Guggenheim, Simon, a Senator from Colorado; born in Philadelphia, December 30, 1867; was graduated from the public schools of Philadelphia, after which he studied languages in Europe for two years; engaged in the mining and smelting busi- ness in the United States and the Republic of Mexico; went to Pueblo, Colo., in 1888; later moved to Denver; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1907 to March 3, 1913. Gunckel, Lewis B . , a Representative from Ohio ; born in Germantown, Ohio, October 15, 1826; was graduated from Farmer's college in 1848, and in 1851 from the law school of Cincinnati college; was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Dayton, Ohio, in 1851; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1856; member of the state senate 1862-1865; presidential elector on the Re- publican ticket in 1864; appointed by Congress a manager of the national military soldiers' home for disabled volunteers in 1864; reappointedin 1870for six years; appointed United States commissioner to investigate Indian frauds in 1871; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died in Dayton, Ohio, Octo- ber 3, 1903. Gunn, James, a Senator from Georgia; born in Virginia in 1739; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Savannah, Ga.; served during the Rev- olutionary war, and as a captain of dragoons par- ticipated in the relief of Savannah, Ga., in 1782; elected to the Continental Congress, but did not serve; elected to the United States Senate in 1789; reelected in 1795 and served from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1801; died in Louisville, Ga , July 30, 1801. Gunn, James, a Representative from Idaho; born in County Fermanagh, Ireland, March 6, 1841; emigrated with his parents to Wisconsin; attended the common schools and attended Notre academy, Indiana; volunteered as a private in company G, twenty-seventh Wisconsin infantry, and served until the close of the Civil war; was mustered out with the rank of captain; in 1866 went to Colorado, where he resided nine years in the counties of Gilpin and Clear Creek; mayor of Georgetown, Colo., three years; went to Hailey, Idaho, in Wood River valley, in 1881 ; elected to the senate of the first state legislature in 1890; delegate to the Trans-Mississippi Congress in Den- ver, Colo. ; nominated by the Populists for Congress in 1892, and again in 1894, and, though defeated each time, received a third nomination from the People's Democratic-Fusion in 1896; elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); editor of the Boise Sentinel, commandant of the Idaho Soldiers' Home 1901-1903; died in Boise, Idaho, November 5, 1911. Gunter, Thomas Montague, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Warren county, Tenn., September 18, 1826; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Irving college in 1850; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Fayetteville, Ark., in 1853; served in the Confederate army as colonel of the thirteenth Arkansas volunteers; prosecuting atto r ney for the fourth judicial circuit 1866-1868; successfully con- tested the election of William W. Wilshire to the Forty-third Congress June 16, 1874; reelected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty- sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses, and served from June 16, 1874, to March 3, 1883; died in Fay- etteville, Washington county, Ark., January 12, 1904. Gurley, Henry H., a Representative from Lou- isiana; born in Lebanon, Conn., in 1787; pursued classical studies; was graduated from Williams- town college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Baton Rouge, La.; United States district judge for Louisiana; elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1831); died in Baton Rouge, La., in 1832. Gurley, John Addison, a Representative from Ohio; born in East Hartford, Conn., December 9, 1813; pursued an academic course; studied theol- ogy; pastor of the Universalist Church in Methuen, BIOGRAPHIES. 691 Mass., 1834-1837; moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, and became editor of the Star in the West; retired from the ministry in 1850; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); during the Civil War was upon military duty, by appointment, in Cincinnati with the rank of colonel; appointed governor of Arizona by President Lincoln, but died in Green township, near Cincinnati, Ohio, on the eve of his departure, August 19, 1863. Gustine, Amos, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William S. Ramsey, and served from May 31, 184], to March 3, 1843. Guthrie, James, a Senator from Kentucky; born in Nelson county, Ky., December 5, 1792; attended McAllister's academy, Bardstown, Ky.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Bardstown, Ky.; appointed common- wealth attorney in 1820 and moved to Louisville; member of the state legislature for several years, serving in both branches; delegate and chosen president of the Kentucky constitutional conven- tion; president of the University of Louisville, the Louisville and Portland canal company, and the Louisville and Nashville railroad company; ap- pointed Secretary of the Treasury March 7, 1853, and served until March 5, 1857 ; elected as a Demo- crat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1865, to February 7, 1868, when he re- signed; died in Louisville, Ky., March 13, 1869. Guyon, James, jr., a Representative from New York; born in Richmond county, N. Y., in 1777; pursued an academic course; member of the state house of representatives 1812-1814; successfully contested the election of Ebenezer Sage to the Sixteenth Congress, and served from January 14, 1820, to March 3, 1821; died in Richmond county, N. Y., March 8, 1846. Gwin, William McKendree, a Representative from Mississippi, and a Senator from California; born in Sumner county, Tenn., October 9, 1805; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Transylvania university, Lexington, Ky.; studied and practiced medicine; moved to Mississippi, and in October, 1833, appointed United States marshal for that state; elected as a Democrat from Missis- sippi to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); superintendent for building the customhouse in New Orleans; moved to Cali- fornia June, 1849; member of the state constitu- tional convention in 1849 ; elected as a Democrat from California to the United States Senate, and served from September 9, 1850, to March 3, 1855; reelected to the United States Senate, and servea from February 16, 1857 ? to March 3, 1861, there being a vacancy from this state from March 4, 1855, to February 16, 1857; connected with the South- ern Confederacy and with the Mexican Imperial Government of Maximilian; returned to California, and engaged in agricultural pursuits; died in New York City, September 3, 1885. Gwinnett, Button, a Delegate from Georgia; born in England in 1732; pursued an academic course; came to Charleston, S. C., in 1765; engaged in commercial pursuits; moved to St. Catherines Island, Georgia, in 1768, and engaged in planting; delegate in the Provincial Congress in Savannah in 1776; delegate in the Continental Congress 1776- 1777; signer of the Declaration of Independence; member of the state constitutional convention fn February, 1777; defeated for governor of Georgia; died near Savannah, Ga., May 27, 1777. Habersham, John, a Delegate from Georgia; born in Savannah, Ga. , in 1754 ; completed a prepar- atory course; became a merchant; served in the Revolutionary war as major of the first Georgia Continental regiment; member of the Continental Congress 1785-1786; appointed Indian agent by General Washington; collector of customs at Sa- vannah 1789-1799; died near Savannah, November 19, 1799. Habersham, Richard Wylly, a Representative from Georgia; born in Savannah, Ga., in December, 1786; was graduated from Princeton college in 1805; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and be- gan practice in Savannah; appointed United States attorney; resigned in 1825, owing to a collision between the administration of John Quincy Adams and Governor George M. Trpup; moved to Clarks- ville, Habersham county, in 1835; elected as a States Rights Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses and served from March 4, 1839, until his death, in Clarksville, Ga., Decem- ber 2, 1842. Hackett, Richard Nathaniel, a Representa- tive from North Carolina; born in Wilkesboro, N. C., December 4, 1866; attended the Wilkesboro high school and the University of North Carolina; was graduated from the last-named institution in 1887; studied law and was admitted to the bar in September, 1888; chairman of the Wilkes county Democratic executive committee for several terms; member of the Democratic state executive com- mittee fifteen years ; mayor of Wilkesboro two terms ; represented North Carolina at the centennial of Washington's inauguration in New York in 1889; nominee of his party for state representative in 1896; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth Con- gress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of law in North Wilkesboro, N. C. Hackett, Thomas C., a Representative from Georgia; native of that state, attended the common schools; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); died in Marietta, Ga., October 8, 1851. Hackley, Aaron, jr., a Representative from New York; born in New Haven, Conn.; attended the public schools; was graduated from Williams college in 1805; county clerk three years; judge ad- vocate of W T ar of 1812; member of the state house of representatives 1814-1815, and 1818; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); moved to Herkimer, N. Y.; district attorney of Herkimer county 1828-1833; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1837; justice county court of St. Lawrence county, N. Y.; died in New York City, December 28, 1868. Hackney, Thomas, a Representative from Missouri; born in Giles county, Tenn., December 11, 1861; attended the common schools of Jackson county, the Southern Illinois normal university, at Carbondale, and the Missouri state university, at Columbia; was admitted to the bar September 18, 1886; interested in zinc and lead mines in the Joplin district; chairman of the house judiciary committee in the state legislature, session 1901; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); resumed the prac- tice of law in Carthage, Mo. 692 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. Hadley, William Flavius Lester, a Represent- ative from Illinois; born near Collinsville, 111., June 15, 1847; attended the common schools and McKendree college, Lebanon, from which he was graduated in June, 1867; was graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan in 1871; elected as a Republican to the state senate in 1886; one of the four delegates at large from Illinois to the Republican national convention at Chicago in 1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Frederick Remann, and served from March 4, 1895, to March 3, 1897; died in Riverside, Cal., April 25, 1901. Hagans, John Marshall, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Brandon ville, Va., August 13, 1838; attended the public schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1859 ; elected prose- cuting attorney for Monongalia county in 1862; reelected in 1863, 1864, and 1870; law reporter for the supreme court of appeals from January, 1864, to March 4, 1873; mayor of Morgantown, 1866, 1867, and 1869; presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1868; member of the state constitutional convention in 1871; elected to the Forty-third Congress and served from January 27, 1874, to March 3, 1875; his election was unsuccessfully con- tested by Benjamin F. Martin; died in Morgantown, W. Va., June 17, 1900. Hager, Alva Lysander, a Representative from Iowa; born near Jamestown, Chautauqua county, N. Y., October 29, 1850; in 1859 his family moved to Iowa and settled near Cottonville, Jackson county; removed to Jones county in 1863; attended the common schools and high schools of Monticello and Anamosa; was graduated from the law school, Iowa City, in 1875; elected to the state senate in 1891; chairman of the Iowa Republican state con- vention of 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1899); resumed the prac- tice of law in Greenfield, Iowa; moved to Des Moines, Iowa, and engaged in the practice of law. Hager John, Sharpenstein, a Senator from California; born in German Valley, Morris county, N. J., March 12, 1818; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Princeton college in 1836; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1840, and practiced in Morristown, N. J., eight years; emigrated to California in 1849; member of the state constitutional convention in 1849; served in the state legislature in 1852; elected judge for the district of San Francisco in 1855 and served six years; elected to the state senate in 1865, 1867, and 1873; regent of the state university; elected to the United States Senate as an Anti-Monopoly Democrat, to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Eugene Casserly, and served from February 9, 1874, to March 3, 1875; member of the second state constitutional convention in 1879; collector of customs of the port of San Francisco, Cal., 1885- 1889; died in San Francisco, Cal., March 19, 1890. Haggott, Warren Armstrong, a Representa- tive from Colorado; born in Franklin township, Shelby county, Ohio, May 18, 1864; attended the common schools, the Sidney grammar school, Xenia college, Xenia, Ohio, and was graduated from Valparaiso college, Valparaiso, Ind., in 1886; taught school; moved to Idaho Springs, Colo., in 1887; superintendent of the public schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1892, and com- menced practice in Idaho Springs, Colo.; lieu- tenant governor of Colorado 1903-1905; chairman of the Republican state convention, May 6, 1904; member of the American bar association and of the American institute of mining engineers; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of law in Denver, Colo Hahn, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; a native of Pennsylvania; elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817). Hahn, Michael, Representative from Louisiana; born in Bavaria, November 24, 1830; emigrated to the United States and located in New Orleans, La. ; attended the public schools and was graduated from the law department of the University of Louisiana April 7, 1851; elected to the Thirty- seventh Congress, but was not admitted to his seat until the 7th of February, 1863, and served until March 3, 1863; appointed prize commissioner of New Orleans; elected governor of Louisiana on March 4, 1864; elected to the state legislature in 1872, 1874, and 1876; appointed state register of voters on the 15th of August, 1876; superintendent of the United States mint at New Orleans in 1878; elected district judge in November, 1879, and re- elected in 1884 and served until March 3, 1885, when he resigned; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth Congress and served from March 4, 1885, until his death, in Washington, D. C., March 15, 1886. Haight, Charles, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Colts Neck, N. J., January 4, 1838; was graduated from Princeton college in 1857; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the New Jersey state legislature in 1861 and 1862, and served the last year as speaker of the house; commissioned brigadier general of militia in 1861; throughout the Civil War was active in raising, equipping, and sending troops to the seat of war; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth and Forty- first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); elected prosecutor for Monmouth county in 1879 and served until his death in Freehold, N. J., August 1, 1891. Haight, Edward, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, N. Y., March 26, 1817; completed preparatory studies; engaged in the wholesale dry-goods business; removed to West Chester, N. Y., in 1850; president of a banking institution; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); retired from active business pursuits; died in West Chester, N. Y., September 15, 1885. Haile, William, a Representative from Missis- sippi; born in 1797; moved to Mississippi and lo- cated at Wood ville; elected to the Nineteenth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Christopher Rankin; reelected to the Twentieth Congress, and served from December 4, 1826, until 1828, when he resigned; died in Woodville, Miss., March 7, 1837. Hailey, John, a Delegate from the Territory of Idaho; born in Smith county, Tenn., August 29, 1835; attended the common schools; moved with his parents to Dade county, Mo., in 1848; crossed the plains to Oregon in 1853 ; went in 1862 to what is now Idaho; engaged in farming and stock raising and mining; elected as a Democrat a Delegate to BIOGRAPHIES. 693 the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); elected to the legislative council of Idaho in 1880 and was its president; reelected a Delegate to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1887); appointed warden of Idaho pen- itentiary. Hairier, Eugene J., a Representative from Nebraska; born in Funfkirchen, Hungary, August 16, 1851; emigrated to the United States with his parents in 1854; spent his boyhood on a farm near Garden Grove, Iowa, until 1873; attended the Gar- den Grove seminary and Iowa agricultural col- lege; was graduated from the law department of Simpson centenary college, Indianola, Iowa, in 1876; moved to Aurora, Nebr., in 1877, and engaged in the practice of law; became interested in bank- ing and in a line of creameries in southern Nebraska; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); a resident of Lincoln, Nebr. Haines, Charles Delemere, a Representative from New York; born in Medusa, Albany county, N. Y., June 9, 1856; moved with his parents to Coxsackie; attended the common schools; studied telegraphy and became train dispatcher, assistant superintendent, and superintendent of a railroad; at 26 he turned his attention to building street railways and associated with him his four brothers, under the firm name of Haines Brothers, who built thirty-six street railways in thirteen States; located in Kinderhook in 1888 and built the Kinderhobk and Hudson Railway ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); a resident of New York City. Haldeman, Richard Jacobs, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Harrisburg, Pa., May 19, 1831; was graduated from Yale college in 1851; attache of the legation at Paris in 1853 and later occupied a similar position at St. Petersburg; returned to Harrisburg and purchased the Daily and Weekly Patriot and Union and was its editor until 1860; delegate to the Baltimore and Charles- ton conventions in 1860; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); died in Harrisburg, Pa., October 1, 1885. Hale, Artemas, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Winchendon, Mass., October 20, 1783; received a limited education and worked on a farm; taught school in Hingham, Mass., 1804-1814; became interested in manufacturing in Bridge- water; served several terms in both branches of the legislature; delegate to the state constitutional con- vention in 1853; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1849); presidential elector on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket in 1864; died in Bridgewater, Mass., August 3, 1882. Hale, Eugene, a Representative and a Senator from Maine; born in Turner, Oxford county, Me., June 9, 1836; completed a preparatory course; studied law in Portland, Me., was admitted to the bar in 1857, and commenced practice in Ellsworth, Me.; for nine successive years county attorney for Hancock county; a member of the legislature of Maine in 1867, 1868, and 1880; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty- third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1879); chairman of the Republican congressional committee; declined the appoint- ment of Postmaster General in 1874; delegate to the Cincinnati convention in 1876 and the Chicago conventions in 1868 and 1880; declined a cabinet portfolio tendered by President Hayes; elected to the United States Senate as a Republican; re- elected in 1887, 1893, 1899, and 1905, and served from March 4, 1881, until March 3, 1911; member of the National Monetary Commission; retired and is a resident of Ellsworth, Me. Hale, James T., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Bradford county, Pa., October, 1810; studied law, and in 1832 was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Bellefonte, Pa.; appointed president judge of the twentieth judi- cial district; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1865); died in Belle- fonte, Pa., April 7, 1865. Hale, John Blackwell, a Representative from Missouri; born in Brooks (now Hancock) county, W. Va., February 27, 1831; attended the country schools; studied law, wa3 admitted to the bar, and practiced in Carroll ton; member of the state legis- lature 1856-1858; presidential elector on the Douglas ticket in 1860; colonel of the sixty-fifth regiment Missouri militia and of the fourth pro- sional regiment of Missouri militia in the United States service during the Civil War; delegate to the Democratic national conventions in 1864 and 1868; presidential elector on the Greeley ticket 1872; member of the Missouri constitutional con- vention of 1875; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); died in Carrollton, Mo., February 1, 1905. Hale, John Parker, a Representative and a Senator from New Hampshire; born in*Rochester r N. H., March 31, 1806; in 1827 was graduated from Bowdoin college; studied law, and in 1830 was ad- mitted to the bar and commenced practice in Dover, N. H.; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1832; appointed United States attor- ney in 1834, but was removed by President Tyler in 1840; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; elected to the legislature in 1846, and chosen speaker; elected as an anti-slavery man to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1847, to March 3, 1853; Free Soil candidate for the Presidency in 1852; again elected to the Senate in 1855 to fill vacancy caused by the death of Jared W. Williams; reelected in 1859 and served from July 30, 1855, until March 3, 1865; appointed minister to Spain and served from March, 1865, to July, 1869; returned to Dover, N. H., and died there, November 19, 1873. Hale, Nathan Wesley, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Scott county, Va., February 11, 1860; attended the schools of Nicholasville, Va., and Kingsley academy in Tennessee; engaged in the nursery business; was elected to the lower house of the general assembly of Tennessee in 1890, elected to the state senate in 1892; unsuccessful candidate for Congress in 1902; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1909); engaged in the oil and real estate business. Hale, Robert Safford, a Representative from New York; born in Chelsea, Vt., September 24, 1822; was graduated from the University of Ver- mont in 1842; studied law and admitted to the bar; began practice in Elizabeth town, N. Y., in 1847; judge of Essex county 1856-1864; appointed a regent of the University of New York in 1859 ; presi- 694 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. dential elector in 1860; special counsel of the United States 1868-1870; agent and counsel for the United States before the American and British mixed commission under the treaty of Washington 1871-1873; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- ninth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Orlando Kellogg; elected to the Forty- third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died in Eli/abethtown, N. Y., December 14, 1881. Hale, Salma, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Alstead, Cheshire county, N. H., March 7, 1787; became a printer, and in 1805 edited the Walpole Political Observatory; studied law; appointed clerk of the Cheshire county court of common pleas; moved to Keene in 1813; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); clerk of the supreme court of New Hampshire, May 1817, to May, 1834; was ad- mitted to the bar in October, 1834; secretary to the boundary commission appointed under the treaty of Ghent; served several terms as a member of the state legislature; died in Somerville, Mass., Novem- ber 19, 1866. Hale, William, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Portsmouth, N. H., August 6, 1765; attended good English schools; was a mer- chant and ship owner, member of both branches of the state legislature, and of the governor's council; elected as a Federalist to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); elected on the peace ticket to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); died in Dover, N. H., November 8, 1848. Haley, Elisha, a Representative from Connect- icut; born in Grpton, Conn., January 21, 1776; at- tended the public schools; served in the Connecti- cut general assembly 1820,1824, 1826, 1829, 1833- 1834; in the state senate in 1830; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); died in Gro- ton, Conn., January 22, 1860. Hall, Augustus, a Representative from Iowa; born in Batavia, N. Y., April 29, 1814; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1836, and commenced practice in Marysville, Ohio, in 1837; county attor- ney 1840-1842; moved to Keosauqua, Iowa, in 1844; presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty -fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); appointed by President Buchanan chief justice of Nebraska; died near Bellevue, Nebr., February 1, 1861. Hall, Benton Jay, a Representative from Iowa; born in Mount Vernon, Knox county, Ohio, Janu- ary 13, 1835, moved with his parents to Iowa in December, 1840; attended Knox college, Illinois, and was graduated from Miami university, Ohio, in 1855; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the lower house of the general assembly of Iowa 1872-1873; member of the state senate 1882-1886, elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); defeated for reelection; appointed commis- sioner of patents by President Cleveland; died in Burlington, Iowa, January 5, 1894. Hall, Boiling, a Representative from Georgia; born in Georgia in 1789; pursued classical studies; held several local offices; member of the state legis- lature for several years; elected as a War Democrat to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1817); retired to private life, moved to Alabama and engaged in planting near Montgomery; died March 25, 1836. Hall, Chapin, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Ellicott, Chautauqua county, N. Y., July 12, 1816; attended the public schools; moved to Warren, Pa., and engaged in lumbering and mercantile pursuits; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861). Hall, Darwin Scott, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Wheatland, Kenosha county, Wis., January 23, 1844; attended the common schools and the academy at Elgin, 111., and Mark- ham's (Milwaukee) academy; farmer; settled in Minnesota in 1866; elected auditor of Renville county in 1868 and 1870; clerk of the district court 1873-1877; elected to the state house of representa- tives in 1876; appointed register of the United States land office at Benson, Minn., in 1878 and 1882; elected to the state senate in 1886 for a term of four years; served in company K, forty-second Wis- consin volunteer infantry, as a private during the civil war; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889 -March 3, 1891); appointed chairman of the Chippewa Indian commission by President Harrison in 1891; delegate to the Repub- lican national convention in Minneapolis in 1892; again elected to the state senate in 1906; engaged in agricultural pursuits near Olivia, Minn. Hall, George, a Representative from New York; native of New Haven, Conn.; attended the public schools; moved to Onondaga, N. Y.; surrogate of Onongada county 1800-1810 and 1811-1822; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1816; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819- March 3, 1821). Hall, Hiland, a Representative from Vermont; born in Bennington, Vt., July 20, 1795; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1819, and commenced practice in Benning- ton ; member of the state house of representatives in 1827; clerk of Benton county 1828-1829; state attor- ney 1828-1831; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- second, Twenty- third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty- fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1843); state bank commissioner 1843-1846; judge of the state supreme court 1846-1850; Second Comptroller of the Treas- ury November 27, 1850, to September 10, 1851; United States land commissioner for California, 1851-1854; returned to Vermont; governor of Ver- mont 1858-1860; delegate to the peace congress of 1861; died in Springfield, Mass., December 18, 1885. Hall, James Knox Polk, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Milesburg, Center county, Pa., September 30, 1844, educated in Pitts- burgh, Pa.; studied law, was admitted to the bar November 8, 1866; elected district attorney of Elk county in 1867; reelected in 1870 and in 1873; re- tired from practice in 1883, and devoted himself to coal, lumber, railroad, and banking business; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty- seventh Congresses and served from March 4, 1899 until November 29, 1902, when he resigned ; elected to the state senate, which position he now holds. Hall, Joseph, a Representative from Maine; born in Methuen, Essex county, Mass., June 26, 1793; attended Andover academy; moved to Cam- den, Me., in 1809; engaged in mercantile pursuits; sheriff, and held other local offices; postmaster at BIOGRAPHIES. 695 Camden four years; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837) ; navy agent at Bos- ton 1849-1853; clerk in the Boston customhouse; died in Boston, Mass., December 31, 1859. Hall, Joshua Oilman, a Representative from New Hampshire; bom in Wakefield, N. H., No- vember 5, 1828; was graduated from Dartmouth college in July, 1851; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1855, and practiced in Wakefield and Dover, N. H.; solicitor of the county of Strafford from June, 1862, to June, 1874; mayor of Dover, 1866-1867; member of the state senate 1871-1872; served in the state house of representatives in 1874; attorney of the United States for the district of Hampshire from April, 1874, to February, 1879; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); died in Dover, N. H., October 31, 1898. Hall, Lawrence Washington, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Lake county, Ohio, in 1819; was graduated from Hudson college in 1839; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice in Bucyrus, Ohio, in 1844; elected prosecuting attorney of Crawford county, and served 1845-1851; judge of the court of com- mon pleas 1851-1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March .3, 1859); unsuccessful candidate for the Thirty-sixth Congress; imprisoned for alleged disloyalty to the Union in 1862, died in Bucyrus, Ohio, January 18, 1863. Hall, Lyman, a delegate from Georgia; born in Wallingford, Conn., April 12, 1724; was graduated from Yale college in 1747; studied medicine, and began practice in Wallingford, and later in Dor- chester and Sunbury, Ga.; member of the con- ventions of 1774 and 1775, held in Savannah; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1775-1780; a signer of the Declaration of Independence; re- turned home, and lost his property by British con- fiscation; resumed residence in Savannah; gov- ernor of Georgia in 1783; again practiced medicine; judge of the inferior court of Chatham county; moved to Burke county in 1790; died in Burke county, Ga., October 19, 1790; final interment in Augusta, Ga. Hall, Nathan Kelsey, a Representative from New York; born in Marcellus, N. Y., March 10, 1810; studied law in Buffalo with Millard Fillmore; was admitted to the bar in 1832, and practiced; judge of Erie county from January, 1841, to Jan- uary, 1845; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1846; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); appointed Postmaster General, and served from July 23, 1850, to August 31, 1852; appointed United States dis- trict judge for the western district of New York, and held the position until his death, in Buffalo, N. Y., March 2, 1874. Hall, Norman, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born on the Muncy Farms, Lycoming county, Pa., November 17, 1829; was graduated from Dickinson college in 1847; engaged in the iron business; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); engaged in banking business in Sharon, Pa.; member of the commission to select site and erect institution for "The feeble-minded children of western Penn- sylvania;" retired from active business and is a resident of Sharon, Pa. * Hall, Obed, a Representative from New Hamp- shire; was elected to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); died in Bartlett, N. H., April 1, 1828. Hall, Osee Matson, a Representative from Min- nesota; born in Conneaut, Ohio, September 10, 1847; was graduated from Williams college in 1868; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Red Wing, Minn. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1895). Hall, Philo, a Representative from South Da- kota; born in Wilton, Waseca county, Minn., De- cember 31, 1865; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar; state's at- torney for Brookings county, 1892-1898; member of the state senate 1901; attorney general of South Dakota 1902-1906; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of law in Brookings, S. Dak. Hall, Robert Bernard, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., January 28, 1812; entered the Boston public Latin school in 1822, and studied theology in New Haven, 1833- 1834; ordained to the ministry, first as an orthodox Congregationalist, and then as an Episcopalian ; was one of the twelve original members of Garrison's Anti-Slavery Society in 1832; moved to Plymouth, Mass.; member of the state senate in 1855; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress and as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, ISS^March 3, 1859); delegate to the Union convention at Philadelphia in 1866; died in Plymouth, Mass., April 15, 1868. Hall, Thomas H., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Edgecombe county, N. C., in 1783; studied medicine and practiced in Tarboro; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Twentieth, Twenty- first, Twenty-second, and Twenty- third Con- gresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1835); member of the state senate in 1836; died in Tarboro, N. C., June 30, 1853. Hall, Uriel Sebree, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Randolph county, Mo., April 12, 1852; attended the common schools, and was gradu- ated from Mount Pleasant college, at Huntsville, Mo.; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); president of Pritchett college, Glasgow, Mo. Hall, Willard, a Representative from Delaware; born in Westford, Mass., December 24, 1780; was graduated from Harvard college in 1799; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1803 and com- menced practice in Wilmington, Del.; secretary of state of Delaware 1811-1814; elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses and served from March 4, 1817, until January 22, 1821, when he resigned; again secretary of state in 1821; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1822; United States district judge for Delaware 1823- 1872, when he resigned; died in Wilmington, Del., May 11, 1875. Hall, Willard Preble, a Representative from Missouri; born in Harpers Ferry, Va., May 9, 1820; was graduated from Yale in 1839; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; moved to Sparta, Buch- anan county, Mo., and practiced law, and when 696 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. county seat was moved, went to St. Joseph, Mo., appointed circuit attorney; served in the Mexican war in the first Missouri cavalry; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty- second Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1853; resumed the practice of law in St. Joseph, Mo.; unsuccessful candidate for the United States Sen- ate in 1856; lieutenant governor of Missouri in 1861-1862, and acting governor 1864-1865; died in St. Joseph, Mo., November 3, 1882. Hall, William, a Representative from Tennes- see; born in Virginia in 1774; moved to Green Garden, Tenn.; served in the Indian wars and the War of 1812; member of the state legislature for several years, and speaker of the senate; governor of Tennessee in 1820; major-general of militia; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); died in Green Gar- den, Tenn., in October, 1856. Hall, William A., a Representative from Mis- souri; native of Maine; went to Virginia and then to Missouri in 1841; presidential elector in 1844; judge of the circuit court in 1847; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1861; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the expulsion of John B . Clark ; reelected to the Thirty-eighth Congress and served from January 20, 1862, to March 3, 1865; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Chicago in 1864. Hallock, John, jr., a Representative from New York; born in Orange county, N. Y., in July, 1783; member of the state house of representatives in 1816-1821; member of the state constitutional con- vention in 1821; elected as a Democrat to the Nine- teenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825- March 3, 1829); died in Ridgebury, N. Y., Decem- ber 6, 1840. Halloway, Hansom, a Representative from New York; native of Dutchess county, N. Y.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); died in Mount Pleasant, Md., April 6, 1851. Hallowell, Edwin, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Abington, Montgomery county, Pa., in 1844; attended the public schools; elected member of the state legislature in 1876; reelected in 1878; chairman of the Democratic county com- mittee of Montgomery county in 1886; delegate to the Democratic national convention in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893). Halsell, John Edward, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Warren county, Ky., Septem- ber 11, 1826; educated at Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Bowling Green in 1856; elected county attorney for Warren county and served four years; elected circuit judge of the fourth judicial district of Kentucky in 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty -ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); "died in Fort Worth, Tex., December 26, 1899. Halsey, George Armstrong, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Springfield, N. J., Decem- ber 7, 1827; attended the Springfield academy; leather manufacturer in Newark in 1844 and then engaged in the wholesale clothing business, again taking up the leather business in 1866; member of the_ state assembly of New Jersey in 1861 and 1862; United States assessor of internal revenue 1862- 1866; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Con- gress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); reelected to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died in Newark, N. J., April 1, 1894. Halsey, Jehiel H., a Representative from New York; native of Lodi, N. Y.; attended the public schools; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twen- ty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); member of the state senate 1832-1835; surrogate 1837-1843. Halsey, Nicoll, a Representative from New York; native of Seneca county, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives in 1824; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835). Halsey, Silas, a Representative from New York; native of New York; attended the public schools; member of the state house of representatives from Onandaga county in 1797 and 1798; moved to Ca- yuga county; again a member of the state house of representatives 1800-1801, 1803, and 1804; member of the state constitutional convention in 1801; elected to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807); served in the state senate in 1809. Halstead, William, a Representative from New Jersey; native of New Jersey; was graduated from Princeton college in 1812; was admitted to the bar ill 1816, and practiced; prosecutor of Hunterdon county 1833 to 1837; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); presented credentials as a member-elect to the Twenty-sixth Congress but was refused admit- tance; reelected to the Twenty -seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); United States dis- trict attorney for New Jersey; many years a court reporter; raised the first regiment of cavalry in New Jersey for the Civil War and served as colonel; died in Trenton, N. J., March 4, 1878. Halterman, Frederick, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Vegesack on the Weser, part of the old Hanse town of Bremen, Germany, Octo- ber 22, 1831; attended the high school; emigrated to Philadelphia September, 1849; engaged in the grocery business, from which he retired in 1891; elected a member of the select council in 1880 for a term of three years; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895- March 3, 1897) ; elected president of the twelfth sec- tional school board of Philadelphia, Pa. ; died in Philadelphia, Pa., March 22, 1907. Halvorson, Kittel, a Representative from Min- nesota; born in Telemarken, Norway, Europe, De- cember 15, 1846; emigrated to the United States with his parents in 1848 and settled in Wisconsin; attended the public schools; entered the military service in 1863, during the Civil War, enlisting in company C, first regiment Wisconsin heavy artil- lery, and served until the close of the war; moved to Minnesota in November, 1865, and settled in Stearns county; engaged in farming and stock rais- ing; member of the state house of representatives in 1887 ; elected by the Farmers' Alliance and Prohibi- tionists to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893). Hambleton, Samuel, a Representative from Maryland; born at "Waterloo farm in Talbot county, Md., January 8, 1812; educated by private BIOGEAPHIES. 697 tutors and attended Easton academy; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1833 and commenced practice in Easton; member of the state house of delegates in 1834 and 1835; appointed states attor- ney of Talbot county October 24, 1836, and served eight years; served in the state senate 1844-1850; presidential elector in 1844; president of the Chesa- peake and Ohio canal in 1853 and 1854; again a member of the state house of delegates in 1853; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first and Forty- second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); died in Easton, Md., December 29, 1889. Hamer, Thomas L., a Representative from Ohio; native of Pennsylvania; studied law, ad- mitted to the bar in 1821 and commenced prac- tice in Georgetown, Ohio; for several years mem- ber of the Ohio house of representatives and served one year as speaker; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1839; nomin- nated Ulysses S. Grant to be a cadet at West Point; volunteered as a private in the Mexican war, and received the next day the commission of brigadier- general; died in the service at Monterey, Mexico, December 2, 1846; on March 2, 1847 Congress passed a resolution of sorrow and as an expression of their deep regret presented his nearest male relative with a sword. Hamer, Thomas Bay, a Representative from Idaho; born in Vermont, Idaho, May 4, 1864; at- tended public schools, Hedding college, and the Bloomington law school; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in St. Anthony, Idaho, in 1893; volunteered in April, 1898, in the first Idaho volunteer infantry in the war with Spain; served as captain and lieutenant-colonel in that regiment; military governor of the Island of Cebu; associate justice of the supreme court of the Philippine Is- lands; mustered out in San Francisco, Cal., as lieu- tenant-colonel of the Thirty-seventh United States volunteer infantry May 27, 1901; elected as a Re- publican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909- March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in St. Anthony, Idaho. Hamill, James Alphonsus, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Jersey City, N. J., March 30, 1877; was graduated from St. Peter's college, Jersey City, in 1897, attended the New York law school, and was admitted to the bar in 1900; mem- ber of the New Jersey house of assembly 1902-1906; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911); dele- gate to the Democratic national convention of 1908; in Denver, Colo. Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Hamill, Patrick, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Green Glades, Allegany county, Md., April 28, 1817; attended private schools; appointed collector of taxes in 1841 and 1842; member of the state house of representatives in 1843 and 1844; judge of the orphan's court of Allegany county and served seven years; engaged in farming and mercan- tile pursuits; elected chief judge of the orphan's court of Allegany in 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); died in Oakland, Garrett county, Md., January 15, 1895. Hamilton, Alexander, a Delegate from New York; born on the island of Nevis, British West Indies, January 11, 1757; came to the United States in 1772, where he received educational training in the schools of Elizabethtown, N. J., and King's college, N. Y.; entered the Continental army in New York in 1776 as captain of artillery; appointed aid-de-camp to General Washington March 1, 1777; elected to the Continental Congress 1782-1783, and 1787-1788; member of the Annapolis convention of 1786; member of the New York legislature 1787; member of the Philadelphia constitutional conven- tion of 1787; member of the state constitutional con- vention in 1788; studied law, admitted to the bar and engaged in practice in New York City; Secre- tary of the Treasury under President Washington 1789-1795; returned to New York and resumed the practice of law; mortally wounded in a duel with Aaron Burr at Weehawken, on the Hudson, and died in New York City the following day, July 12, 1804. Hamilton, Andrew Holman, a Representative from Indiana; born in Fort Wayne, Ind., June 7, 1834; attended the common schools and was gradu- ated from Wabash college; studied law at the Har- vard law school, was admitted to the bar and com- menced practice in Fort Wayne, Ind., elected to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in Fort Wayne, Ind., May 9, 1895. Hamilton, Andrew Jackson, a Representative from Texas; born in Madison county, Ala., January 28, 1815; pursued preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; clerk of the county court; moved to Texas in 1846 and practiced law in Lagrange^ attorney-general of the state ; presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket in 1856; elected as an Independent Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); brigadier-general of volunteers, November 14, 1862; appointed by President Lincoln military governor of Texas in 1862; appointed provisional governor by President Johnson in 1865; justice of the supreme court of Texas in 1866 ; delegate to the loyalists' convention at Philadelphia in 1866; died in Austin, Tex., April 10, 1875. Hamilton, Charles M., a Representative from Florida; born in Clinton county, Pa., November 1, 1840; studied law; served in the Union army and was wounded at Games' Mills, Antietam, and Fred- ericksburg; detailed a judge advocate; was admit- ted to the bar, began the practice of law in 1868; elected as a Republican upon the readmission of the state of Florida, to the Fortieth and Forty-first Con- gresses, and served from July 1, 1868, to March 3, 1871. Hamilton, Cornelius Springer, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Muskingum county, Ohio, January 2, 1821; attended the common schools; and Granville, Ohio college; moved to Union county in 1839; studied law and was admitted to the bar; engaged in farming and banking in connec- tion with the practice of his profession; appointed land appraiser and assessor in 1845; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1850; member of the state senate in 1856; editor and proprietor of the Marysville Tribune; appointed by President Lin- coln assessor of the eighth congressional district of Ohio; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Con- gress and served from March 4, 1867 until called home to attend a son who had become insane, and was killed by him in Marysville, Ohio, December 22, 1867.- Hamilton, Daniel Webster, a Representative from Iowa; born in Ogle county, 111., December 698 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 20, 1861; in 1868 moved to Miami county, Kans., removed to Keokuk county, Iowa, in 1874; at- tended the common schools and was graduated trom the law department of the State University, Iowa City, in June, 1884; was admitted to the bar, and commenced the practice of law in Sigourney, Iowa; twice the Democratic candidate for district judge in his judicial district; postmaster of Sigour- ney 1894-1898; elected as a Democrat to the Six- tieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); re- sumed the practice of law in Sigourney, Iowa. Hamilton, Edward La Rue, a Representative from Michigan; born in Niles township, Berrien county, Mich., December 9, 1857; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the Niles high school in 1876; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1884, and commenced prac- tice in Niles, Mich.; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty- eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hamilton, James, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., May 8, 1786; completed academic studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Charles- ton; served in the War of 1812 as major; mayor of Charleston ; served several terms in the state house of representatives; elected to the Seventeenth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the resig- nation of William Lowndes, as a State Rights Free Trader; reflected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1829); governor of South Carolina 1830-1832; moved to Texas; drowned while on his way from New Orleans to Galveston, November 15 3 1857. Hamilton, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Washington county, Pa., in 1763; sheriff for several years; elected to the Ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807); died at his home in Washington county, Pa., August 31, 1837. Hamilton, John Taylor, a Representative from Iowa; born October 16, 1843, on a farm near Gen- eseo, Henry county, 111.; moved to Iowa in 1868; engaged in business; mayor of Cedar Rapids; mem- ber of the board of supervisors; three times a mem- ber of the state legislature, and speaker of the house; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty -second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); engaged in the banking business in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Hamilton, Morgan Calvin, a Senator from Texas; born near Huntsville, Ala., February 25, 1809 ; moved to the Republic of Texas in 1837 ; clerk in the war department 1839-1845 ; acted as secretary of war for three years; appointed comptroller of the treasury of Texas in 1867; delegate to the con- stitutional convention in 1868; elected as a Re- publican to the United States Senate on the re- construction of Texas; reelected and served from March 31, 1870, to March 3, 1877; died in San Diego, Cal., November 21, 1893. Hamilton, Robert, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Hamburg, Sussex county, N. J., December 9, 1809; studied law and was admitted to the bar; for fifteen years prosecutor of pleas; member of the legislature 1863 and 1864, and served the last year as speaker; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); engaged in the banking business in Newton, N. J.; director of the Morris and Essex Railroad Co.; died in Newton, Sussex county, N. J., March 14, 1878. Hamilton, William Tiffany, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland; born in Washington county, Md., September 8, 1820; attended Jeffer- son college, Pennsylvania; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1843, and began practice in Hagerstown; member of the state assembly in 1848; Cass presidential elector in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1855); elected a United States Senator from Mary- land, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William Pinkney Whyte, and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875; governor of Mary- land 1879-1883; died in Hagerstown, Md., October 26, 1888. Hamlin, Courtney Walker, a Representative from Missouri; born in Brevard, N. C., October 27, 1858; moved with his parents to Missouri in 1869; attended the common schools and Salem (Mo.) academy; studied law, and was admitted to the bar March 21, 1882; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905); reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Re- elected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hamlin, Edward Stowe, a Representative from Ohio; born in Hillsdale, Columbia county, N. Y., July 6, 1808; attended the schools of Elyria, Ohio, and pursued an academic course in Hudson, N. Y.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Elyria, Ohio; prosecuting attorney of Lorain county 1833-1835; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Henry R. Brinkerhoff, and served from December 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845; moved to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1844 and established the True Democrat, subsequently merged into the Cleveland Leader; member of the Free Soil con- vention in Buffalo; president of the board of public works 1849-1852; attorney for the state to arrange the water leases of the canals, collect and readjust water rents; declined the appointment of attorney general of Ohio tendered by Governor Chase in 1855; died in Washington, D. C., Novem- ber 23, 1894. Hamlin, Hannibal, a Representative and a Senator from Maine ; born in Paris, Oxford county, Me., August 27, 1809; prepared for a collegiate education, but was obliged by the death of his father to take charge of his home farm until he was of age; in a printing office for a year as a compositor; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1833, and practiced in Hampden, Penobscot county, until 1848; member of the legislature of Maine in 1836, 1837, 1838, 1839,_ 1840, and 1847, and served as speaker of the house in 1837, 1839, and 1840; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1847); elected to the United States Sen- ate in 1848, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Fairfield; reelected in 1851 and served from May 26, 1848, to January 7, 1857, when he resigned, elected as a Republican governor of Maine; re- signed the governorship a month later; reelected to the United States Senate in 1857, and served from March 4, 1857, until he resigned, January 17, 1861; elected Vice President of the United States on the ticket with Abraham Lincoln, and presided over the Senate from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865; appointed collector of the port of Boston in BIOGRAPHIES. 699 1865, but resigned in 1866; again elected to the United States Senate in 1869; reflected in 1875, and served from March 4, 1869, until March 3, 1881; United States minister to Spain 1881-1882; chosen a regent of the Smithsonian Institution in 1870; died in Bangor, Me., July 4, 1891. Hammett, William H., a Representative from Mississippi, native of Virginia; studied theology; chaplain of the University of Virginia and the House of Representatives; moved to Princeton, Miss. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845). Hammond, Edward, a Representative from Maryland; born at "Fort Hill," near Ellicott City, Howard county, Md., March 17, 1812; attended the common schools, Rockhill academy, and was graduated from Yale college in 1830; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1833 and commenced practice in Annapolis, Md.; served in the state house of delegates; member of the state senate in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); again elected to the state legislature in 1862 and 1867 ; elected associate judge of the fifth judicial district in 1867; died at "Fort Hill," near Ellicott City, Md., October 19, 1882. Hammond, Jabez Delno, a Representative from New York; born in New Bedford, Mass., Au- gust 2, 1778; attended the preparatory schools; studied medicine, and began practice in Reading, Vt., in 1799; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Cherry Valley, N. Y., in 1805; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); served in the state senate 1817-1821; moved to Albany, where he re- sumed the practice of law 1822-1839; returned to Cherry Valley; elected judge of Otsego county, N. Y., in 1838, and served five years; died in Cherry Valley, N. Y., August 18, 1855. Hammond, James Henry, a Representative and a Senator from South Carolina; born in New- bury District, S. C., November 15, 1807; was grad- uated from the South Carolina college in 1825; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1827; appointed a member of the governor's staff in 1833; elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1825, until February 16, 1836, when he resigned; governor of South Carolina 1842-1844; elected to the United States Senate and served from December 7, 1857, to November 11, 1860, when he retired; died in Beach Island, S. C., November 13, 1864. Hammond, John, a Representative from New York; born at Crown Point, N. Y., August 27, 1827; was graduated from the Polytechnic institute in Troy, N. Y.; pioneer in California in 1849; volun- teered as private in the Civil war; promoted to cap- tain of cavalry, and advanced to brigadier general; a manufacturer of iron for twenty-five years ; presi- dent of the Crown Point Iron company ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883) ; died May 28, 1889. Hammond, Nathaniel Job, a Representative from Georgia; born in Elbert county, Ga., Decem- ber 26, 1833; was graduated from the University of Georgia at Athens in 1852; solicitor general 1861- 1865; reporter of the supreme court 1867-1872; at- torney general 1872-1877; member of the constitu- tional conventions of 1865 and 1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty- eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1879- March 3, 1887); died in April, 1899. Hammond, Robert H., a Representative from Pennsylvania; a native of that state; elected as a Van Buren Democrat to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841). Hammond, Samuel, a Representative from Georgia; born in Richmond county, Va., Septem- ber 21, 1757; served in the Revolutionary army; settled in Savannah; surveyor general of Georgia; served in the Creek war and commanded a corps of Georgia volunteers; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805); civil and military governor of upper Louisiana territory 1805-1824; receiver of public moneys in St. Louis; moved in 1824 to South Carolina; a member of the state legislature; surveyor general in 1825; secretary of state of South Carolina 1831- 1835; died near Augusta, Ga., September 11, 1842. Hammond, Thomas, a Representative from Indiana; born February 27, 1843, in Fitchburg, Mass.; attended the common schools; a carpenter and contractor until twenty-one years of age ; moved to Detroit, Mich., and engaged in the packing-house business; twelve years later moved to Hammond, Ind., and assisted in the establishment of the dressed-beef industry for which that city is noted; elected mayor of Hammond in the spring of 1888, and twice reelected; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); died in Hammond, Ind., September 21, 1909. Hammond, Winfield Scott, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Southboro, Worcester county, Mass., November 17, 1863; attended the public schools; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1884; moved to Minnesota; taught school in Madelia, Minn. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1891, and commenced practice in St. James, Minn. ; county attorney of Watonwan county; mem- ber of the state board of normal school directors eight years; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hammons, David, a Representative from Maine; born in Oxford county, Me., May 12, 1808; attended the public schools; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1836, and began practice in Lovell, Me.; member of the state senate 1840-1841; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); resumed practice in Bethel, Me., and died there November 7, 1888. Hammons, Joseph, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Cornish, Me., March 3, 1737 ; attended the public schools ; studied medicine and began practice in Farmington, N. H.; elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty -second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March3, 1833); postmaster at Dover, N. H., 1833-1836; died in Farmington, N. H., March 29, 1836. Hampton, James Giles, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Bridgeton, N. J., June 13, 1814; was graduated from Princeton college in 1835; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1839; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth and Thir- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); collector of the port of Bridgeton, N. J.; died in Bridgeton, N. J., September 22, 1861. 700 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Hampton, Moses, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Beaver, Beaver county, Pa., Octo- ber 28, 1803; moved to Trumbull county, Ohio; pur- sued classical studies and was graduated from Wash- ington college, Pennsylvania in 1827; studied law at Uniontown, was admitted to the bar in 1829, and began practice in Somerset; moved in 1838 to Pitts- burgh and resumed the practice of law; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); president judge of the Allegheny county district court 1853-1873; died at his home Hampton Place," adjoining the vil- lage of Wilkinsburg, Allegheny county, Pa., June 27, 1878. Hampton, Wade, a Representative from South Carolina; born in South Carolina in 1754; received a good schooling and devoted himself to agricul- ture; active in pre-Revolutionary movements; served under Marion and Sumter; elected to the Fourth Congress (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1797); re- elected to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803- March 3, 1805); presidential elector on the Jefferson and Burr ticket in 1801 ; colonel in the United States army in 1808 ; appointed brigadier general in Febru- ary, 1809, and major general March 2, 1813; served in the war of 1812 and resigned April 6, 1814; re- puted the wealthiest planter in the United States and the owner of 3,000 slaves in 1830; died in Co- lumbia, S. C., February 4, 1835. Hampton, Wade, a Senator from South Caro- lina; born in Columbia, S. C., March 28, 1818; was graduated from the South Carolina college; served in both branches of the state legislature, and was a member of the senate when South Carolina seceded ; resigned and served in Confederate army during the Civil war; raised and commanded "Hampton's Legion;" made brigadier general of cavalry, and a major general August 3, 1863, commander of Lee's cavalry with rank of lieutenant general; elected governor of South Carolina in 1876, and again in 1878; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in December, 1878; reelected in 1884 and served from March 4, 1879, until March 3, 1891; United States railroad commissioner 1893-1897; died near Columbia, S. C., April 11, 1902. Hanback, Lewis, a Representative from Kan- sas; born in Winchester, Scott county, 111., March 27, 1839; attended the common schools; enlisted in the Union army, first in the tenth Illinois infantry, and then in the twenty-seventh Illinois infantry, and was promoted to first lieutenant in company K of the last-named regiment; after the war moved to Kansas; probate judge of Shawnee county 1868- 1872; assistant United States attorney, district of Kansas, for two years; receiver of public moneys at Salina, Kans.; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); died in Armourdale, Kans., September 9, 1897. Hanbury, Harry Alfred, a Representative from New York; born in Bristol, England, January 1, 1863 ; came to this country with his parents at an early age; attended the public schools, and was graduated from a high school in New York City; entered mercantile life and established iron works; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903); United States shipping commissioner, port of New York, from March, 1903, to November, 1908; established a foundry and machine works in Brooklyn, N. Y., and a resident of that borough. Hanchett, Luther, a Representative from Wis- consin; born in Portage county, Ohio, October 25, 1825; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1846, and began practice in Freemont, Ohio; moved to Portage county, Wis., in 1849; engaged in lumber and mining enterprises; for four years county at- torney; member of the state senate 1856-1860; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Con- gress and served from March 4, 1861, until his death in Madison, Wis., November 24, 1862. Hancock, George, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Fincastle, Botetourt county, Va., June 13, 1754; pursued classical studies; served in the Revolutionary war as colonel of infantry, Vir- ginia line, and was taken prisoner at the siege of Savannah, Ga.; was paroled and returned to Vir- ginia; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Fincastle; elected as a Democrat to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797); died in Fotheringay, Va., July 18, 1820. Hancock, John, a Delegate from Massachusetts; born in Quincy, Mass., January 12, 1737; pursued classical studies, was graduated from Harvard col- lege in 1754; a selectman of Boston several terms; member of the provincial legislature 1766-1772; active in pre-Revolutionary movements, and, with Samuel Adams, was exempted from pardon in Gov. Gage's proclamation of June 12, 1775; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1775-1780 and 1785- 1786, and served as president of the Congress May 27, 1775-October, 1777; first signer of the Declara- tion of Independence; served as senior major general of militia during the Revolutionary war; member of the Massachusetts constitutional con- vention of 1780; governor of Massachusetts 1780- 1785 and 1787, until his death in Quincy, Mass., October 8, 1793, interment in Boston, Mass. Hancock, John, a Representative from Texas; born in Jackson county, Ala., October 24, 1824; attended schools in Alabama and the University of East Tennessee, Knoxville; studied law at Win- chester, Tenn.; was admitted to the bar in 1846; settled in Texas in 1847 and practiced his profession there until August, 1851; elected to the district bench of the state and served as judge until 1855, when he resigned and resumed practice and plant- ing; member of the state legislature in 1860 and 1861, when he refused to take the oath of allegiance to the Confederate states, and was expelled; mem- ber of the state constitutional convention of 1866; engaged in the practice of his profession and planting and stock raising; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1877); re- elected to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); resumed the practice of law in Austin, Tex., and died there July 19, 1893. Hand, Augustus Cincinnatus, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Shoreham, Vt., Sep- tember 4, 1803; pursued academic studies; studied law in Litchfield, Conn., was" admitted to the bar and began practice in Elizabethtown, N. Y., surro- gate -of Essex county 1831-1839; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1841); elected state senator in 1844 and served several years; justice of the state supreme court, 1847-1855; in 1868 delegate to the Demo- cratic national convention; died in Elizabethtown, Essex county, N. Y., March 8, 1878. Hand, Edward, a Delegate from Pennsylvania; born in Clyduff, Kings county, Ireland, December BIOGRAPHIES. 701 31, 1744; accompanied the eighteenth Royal Irish regiment to this country as surgeon's mate in 1774, but resigned and settled in Pennsylvania in the practice of medicine; participated in the Revolu- tion; commissioned lieutenant colonel June 25, 1775; with Gen. William Thompson's brigade; pro- moted colonel March 7, 1776; and brigadier general April 1, 1777; succeeded Gen. John Stark in com- mand at Albany in 1778, and served in the expedi- tion against the Indians of the Six Nations; took command of a brigade of the light infantry corps in August, 1780; adjutant general of the army from January, 1781 to November, 1783; brevet major general September 30, 1783; mustered out Novem- ber 3, 1783; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1784-1785; a signer of the Pennsylvania constitu- tion of 1790; major general in the United States army June 19, .1798; honorably discharged June 15, 1800; died in Rockford, Lancaster county, Pa., September 3, 1802. Handley, William. Anderson, a Representative from Alabama; born near Franklin, Ga., December 15, 1834; moved to Alabama; attended the public schools; held several local offices; moved toRoanoke, Ala.; served in the Civil war on the Confederate side ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died in Roanoke, Ala., June 23, 1909. Handy, Levin Irving, a Representative from Delaware; born in Berlin, Md., December 24, 1861; attended public schools in Maryland and New York; superintendent of free schools in Kent county 1887-1890; chairman of the Democratic state central committee 1892-1896; editorial writer on Wilmington Every Evening 1894-1895; was ad- mitted to the bar in 1899; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); unsuccessful candidate for attorney general in 1904; defeated for election to the Sixty-first Con- gress; member of the Demorcatic national conven- tions of 1900, 1904, and 1908; resumed the practice of law in Smyrna, Del. Hanks, James Millander, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Helena, Ark., February 12, 1833; attended the public schools, the college at New Albany, Ind., and the Jackson college at Columbia, Tenn.; studied law, was graduated from the University of Louisville in 1855 and commenced practice in Helena; judge of the first judicial district of Arkansas 1864-1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died in Helena, Ark., May 24, 1909. Hanly, James Franklin, a Representative from Indiana; born in Champaign county, 111., April 4, 1863; attended the common schools; moved to Warren county, Ind., in 1879; taught in the pub- lic schools of the state from 1881 to 1889; studied law and was admitted to the bar April 6, 1889; elected to the Indiana state senate in November, 1890; moved to Lafayette, Ind., in 1896; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); elected governor of Indiana in 1904 and 1906; resumed the practice of law in Indi- anapolis, Ind. Hanna, John, a Representative from Indiana; born in Marion county, Ind., September 3, 1827; pursued classical studies; was graduated from the Indiana Asbury university in 1850; studied law was admitted to the bar and began practice in Green- castle: mayor of Greencastle in 1851-1854; moved to Kansas, and was a member of its territorial legis- lature in 1857-1858; returned to Indiana; presi- dential elector on the Republican ticket in 1860; appointed United States district attorney in 1861, and reappointed in 1865; removed by President Johnson; elected as a Republican to the Forty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); died' inPlainfield, Ind., October 24, 1882. Hanna, John Andre, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Flemington, N. J., in 1761; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Harrisburg, Pa.; member of the peace as- sembly; served in the whisky insurrection; briga- dier general of militia; elected to the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses (March 4, 1797- March 3, 1805); died in Harrisburg, Pa., July 13, 1805. Hanna, Louis Benjamin, a Representative from North Dakota; born in New Brighton, Pa., August 9, 1861 ; attended schools of Ohio, Massachu- setts, and New York; moved to North Dakota in 1881; member of the house in the state legislature 1895-1901; member of the state senate 1905-1909; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress, Hanna, Marcus Alonzo, a Senator from Ohio; born in New Lisbon (now Lisbon), Columbiana county, Ohio, September 24, 1837; moved with his parents to Cleveland in 1852 ; attended the com- mon schools of that city and Western Reserve col- lege, Hudson, Ohio; engaged in the wholesale gro- cery business and later in the iron and coal business ; was identified with the lake-carrying trade; director of the Union Pacific railway in 1885, by appoint- ment of President Cleveland; delegate to the Re- publican national conventions in 1884, 1888, and 1896; chairman of the Republican national com- mittee in 1896; appointed and subsequently elected as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Sherman ; reelected in January, 1898, and also for the succeed- ing full term, and served from March 5, 1897, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 15, 1904; interment in Cleveland, Ohio. Hanna, Robert, a Senator from Indiana; born in Laurens district, S. C., April 6, 1786; settled in Brookville, Ind., in 1802; sheriff of the common pleas court 1811-1820; member of the Indiana con- stitutional convention of 1816; brigadier general of state militia; register of the land office; moved to Indianapolis in 1825 ; appointed United States Sen- ator as a Whig to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Noble, and served from December 5,1831, to January 3, 1832; member of the state senate; served in the state house of representatives; killed by a railroad train when walking upon the track in Indianapolis, Ind., November 16, 1858. Hannegan, Edward A., a Representative and a Senator from Indiana; native of Ohio; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Covington, Ind. ; for sev- eral years state representative; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; United States minister to Prussia from March 22, 1849, to January 13, 1850; moved to St. Louis, Mo., and died there February 25, 1859. 702 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTORY. Hansbrough, Henry Clay, a Representative and a Senator from North Dakota; born in Ran- dolph county, 111., January 30, 1848; attended the common schools; learned the art of printing, and en- gaged in newspaper publishing in California, Wis- consin, and Dakota territory; became a resident of the last named in 1881; twice elected mayor of Devils Lake; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1888; national committeeman for eight years; elected as a Republican, upon the ad- mission of the state of North Dakota into the Union, to the Fifty-first Congress and served from Decem- ber 2, 1889, until March 3, 1891; elected to the United States Senate January 23, 1891; reelected in 1897 and 1903, and served from March 4, 1891 until March 3, 1909; resident of Devils Lake, N.Dak. Hanson, Alexander Contee, a Representative from Maryland; born in Maryland February 27, 1786; received a liberal schooling, and was grad- uated from St. John's college, Annapolis; presi- dential elector on the Federalist ticket in 1789 and 1793; edited the Federal Republican in Baltimore when, in 1812, a mob, irritated by his articles denouncing the administration, destroyed the office; he issued the paper the following day, and escaped serious injury from a mob by seeking police protection; moved the paper to Georgetown, D. C., where he published it unmolested; returned to Baltimore; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1813, until November, 1816, when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Robert G. Harper, and served from December 20, 1816, until his death in Belmont, Md., April 23, 1819. Hanson, John, a Delegate from Maryland; born in Charles county, Md., in 1715; pursued academic studies; member of the Maryland house of delegates for a number of years; moved to Frederick county in 1773; active in pre-Revolu- tionary matters; treasurer of Frederick county in 1775; elected a Delegate to the Continental Con- gress, and served from February 22, 1781, until his death; president of the Congress one year, and in that capacity gave Gen. Washington the thanks of the Congress for the victory at Yorktown; died in Oxen Hill, Prince Georges county, Md., No- vember 22, 1783. Haralson, Hugh Anderson, a Representative from Georgia; born near Pennfield, Ga., November 13, 1805; pursued classical studies and was grad- uated from Franklin college in 1825; studied law was admitted to the bar in 1825 and commenced practice in Monroe; moved to Lagrange, Ga. ; mem- ber of the state senate 1837-1838; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thir- tieth, and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1851); served in the militia as a major general; died in Lagrange, Ga., October 6, 1854. Haralson, Jere, a Representative from Ala- bama; born in Muscogee county, Ga., April 1, 1846; a slave until emancipated in 1865; moved to Ala- bama ; elected a state representative in 1870 ; mem- ber of the state senate in 1872; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875- March 3, 1877). Hard, Gideon, a Representative from New York; county judge of Orleans county 1856-1860; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); member of the state senate 1842-1847. Hardeman, John Thomas, a Representative from Georgia; born in Putnam county, Ga., Janu- ary 12, 1825; was graduated from Emory college in 1845; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1847; served in the state legislature in 1853, 1855, and 1857; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1859, until January 23, 1861, when he withdrew; captain of the Floyd Rifles; major of the second Georgia battalion and colonel of the forty-fifth Georgia regiment; elected to the state legislature in 1863, 1864, and 1874, and served as speaker of the house during these sessions; member of the national convention that nominated Horace Greeley for President; president of the state convention and chairman of the state executive committee of the Democratic party for four years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eight Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Macon, Ga., March 6, 1891. Hardenbergh, Augustus Albert, a Repre- sentative from New Jersey; born in New Bruns- wick, N. J., May 18, 1830; attended Rutgers col- lege in 1844; took up his residence in Jersey City in 1846; elected to the house of assembly in 1853; member of the board of education in 1855-56; alderman of Jersey City in 1857-1860, and served as president of the board of aldermen in 1860; re- elected member of the board in 1862; moved to Bergen, N. J., in 1863, and elected councilman; elected state director of railroads in 1868, and moved to the county of Bergen the same year; delegate to the Democratic national convention at Baltimore in 1872; removed to Jersey City in 1873; elected president of the Northern railroad of New Jersey in 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); died in Jersey City, October 5, 1889. Hardin, Benjamin, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Westmoreland county, Pa., in 1784; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1806, and began practice in Elizabeth town and Bardstown, Ky.; settled in the last-named place in 1808; state representative in 1810, 1811, 1824, and 1825; mem- ber of the state senate in 1828-1832; elected aa a Whig to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815- March 3, 1817); reelected to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1823); again elected to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); secretary of state of Kentucky 1844-1847; member of the state constitutional convention in 1849; died in Bardstown, Ky., September 24, 1852. Hardin, John J., a Representative from Illi- nois; born in P>ankfort, Ky., January 6, 1810; pur- sued classical studies and was graduated from the Transylvania university; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Jacksonville, Ill- prosecuting attorney lor several years; member of the state legislature 1836-1842; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); colonel of the first Illinois volunteers in the Mexican war, and was killed at Buena Vista, February 27, 1847. Hardin, Martin Davis, a Senator from Ken- tucky; born on the Monongahela river, western Pennsylvania, June 21, 1780; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Franklin county, Ky.; for a number of years a state representative; secretary of state of Kentucky 1812-1816; served as major in BIOGRAPHIES. 703 the war of 1812; appointed and subsequently elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William T. Barry, and served from November 13, 1816, to March 3, 1817; died in Frankfort, Ky., October 8, 1823. Harding, Aaron, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Green county, Ky., in 1810; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1833, and commenced practice in Greens- burg, Ky.; member of the state house of represen- tatives in 1840; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1867). Harding, Abner Clark, a Representative from Illinois; born in East Hampton, Conn., February 10, 1807; attended an academy; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Oneida county, N. Y.; moved to Monmouth, 111.; member of the state constitutional convention in 1848; served in the state legislature 1848-1850; moved to Illinois in 1838; enlisted as a private during the Civil war, in the eighty-third Illinois in- fantry and became a brigadier general in the Union army; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); died in Monmouth, 111., July 10, 1874. Harding, Benjamin Franklin, a Senator from Oregon; born in Wyoming county, Pa., January 4, 1823; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1847 and began practice in Illinois in 1848; moved to Oregon in 1849; clerk of the territorial legislature 1850-1851; member of that body and served as its speaker in 1852; United States district attorney in 1853; secretary of the territory 1854-1859; member of the state house of representatives 1859-1862, and for two years was speaker; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Edward D. Baker, and served from September 12, 1862, to March 3, 1865; died near Cottage Grove, Oreg., June 19, 1899. Harding, John Eugene, a Representative from Ohio; born in Excello, Ohio, June 27, 1877; attended the Amanda public schools, the Penn- sylvania military academy, Chester, Pa., and was graduated from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, in 1900; engaged in business in Middle town and in industrial enterprises; elected to the state senate in 1903; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); engaged in the paper business in Chicago, 111., and is a resident of Middletown, Ohio. Hardwick, Thomas William, a Representative from Georgia; born in Thomasville, Ga., Decem- ber 9, 1872; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in June, 1893, and began practice in September, 1893, in Sanders- ville; in March, 1895, appointed prosecuting at- torney for Washington county, which position he held until January, 1897, when he resigned; member of the Georgia house of representatives 1898-1899 and 1901-1902; in 1900-1901 was captain of company D, sixth regiment infantry, Georgia state troops (Washington rifles) ; moved to Thomas- ville, Ga.; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1903-March 3. 1911). Eeelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hardy, Alexander Merrill, a Representative from Indiana; born in Simcoe, Norfolk county, Ontario, Canada, December 16, 1847; pursued a college course and studied law; came to the United States in 1864, taking a commercial course at East- man college, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; went to New Orleans in 1869, where he engaged in newspaper work until 1873, when he located in Natchez, Miss.; conducted a Republican newspaper until 1877; collector of the port of Natchez under ap- pointment of President Grant; located at Wash- ington, Daviess county, Ind., in 1884; engaged in the practice of law; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); resumed the practice of law in Washington, Ind.; moved to Los Angeles, Cal., in lfe04 and en- gaged in the practice of law. Hardy, John, a Representative from New York; born in Scotland, September 19, 1835; attended the public schools, and was graduated from the College of the City of New York in 1853; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1862, and practiced in the city of New York ; member of the state assem- bly in 1862; member of the board of aldermen of the city of New York in 1863, 1864, 1867, 1868, and 1869; clerk of the common council in 1870 and 1871, chief clerk in the office of the mayor in 1877 and 1878; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Fernando Wood; reelected to the Forty-eighth Congress and served from Decem- ber 5, 1881, until March 3, 1885; resumed the prac- tice of law in New York City. Hardy, Samuel, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Isle of Wight county, Va., about 1758; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1781; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; member of the house of delegates 1777-1781; appointed member of the executive council in June, 1781; member of the Continental Congress 1783-1785; lieutenant governor of Virginia for a time; died in New York City, in October, 1785. Hardy, Rufus, a Representative from Texas; born in Monroe county, Miss., December 16, 1855, attended the common schools, Somerville institute. Mississippi, and was graduated from the law de- partment of the University of Georgia in 1875; was admitted to the bar in 1875, and practiced; attorney of Navarro county 1880-1884; district at- torney for the thirteenth judicial district 1884- 1888; district judge of this district 1888-1892; re- tired from the bench in December, 1896; chair- man of the Texas Sound Money Democracy in 1896; resumed the practice of law in Corsicana, Tex.; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hare, Darius Dodge, a Representative from Ohio; born near Adrian, Seneca county, Ohio, Jan- uary 9, 1843; attended the common schools ; - en- tered the military service as a private in the signal corps, United States army, in March, 1864, and served during the remainder of the war; after the war assigned to special duty at the headquarters of Maj. Gen. Canby and afterwards of Maj. Gen. Sheridan, at New Orleans; remained on duty with the latter until discharged, February 17, 1866; at- tended the law department of the University of Michigan ; was admitted to the bar in September, 1867; mayor of Upper Sandusky, 1872-1882; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third 704 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); died in Upper Sandusky, Ohio, February 10, 1897. Hare, Silas, a Representative from Texas; born in Ross county, Ohio, November 13, 1827; moved to Hamilton county, Ind., in 1840; attended com- mon and private schools; served in the war with Mexico as a private; studied law, and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1850; removed to Texas; chief justice of New Mexico in 1862, under the Confed- erate government! served as a captain during the Civil war; settled in Sherman in 1865; criminal district judge 1873-1876; delegate to the Demo- cratic national convention in 1884; Democratic presidential elector for the state at large in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891; after leav- ing Congress he engaged in the practice of his profession in Washington, D. C., and died there November 26, 1907. Haring, John, a Delegate from New York; born in Tappan, N. Y., September 28, 1739; member of the provincial convention of April, 1775, and of the four New York provincial congresses 1775- 1777, and served as president protempore of the second and third provincial Congresses; Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1774-1775 and 1785- 1788; judge of Orange county 1774-1775 and 1778- 1788; served in the state senate 1781-1789; mem- ber of the state convention to consider the Federal constitution and voted to reject it; died in Blau- veltville, N. Y., April 1, 1809. Harlan, Aaron, a Representative from Ohio; born in Warren county, Ohio, September 8, 1802; attended the public schools; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Zenia, Ohio, in 1825; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1832 and 1833; served in the state senate in 1838-1839 and 1849; moved to Yellow Springs, Ohio, in 1841; presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1850; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859; moved to San Francisco, Cal., in 1864; died in San Francisco, Cal., January 8, 1868. Harlan, Andrew Jackson, a Representative from Indiana; born near Wilmington, Clinton county, Ohio, March 29, 1815; attended the public schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; moved to Marion, Ind.; clerk of the Indiana house of representatives in 1842 and a member 1846-1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); reelected to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); moved to Dakota territory in 1861; member of the territorial legislature in 1861, and served as speaker; driven from the territory by the Indians and settled in Savannah, Mo., and resumed the practice of law; member of the Missouri legislature and served three years as speaker; moved to Wakeeney, Kans., in 1883 ; postmaster of Wakeeney four years; removed to Savannah, Mo., in 1892; died in Savannah, Mo., May 19, 1907. Harlan, James, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Mercer county, Ky., June 22,1800; attended the public schools; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar in 1823, and began practice in Har- rodsburg, Ky. ; prosecuting attorney 1829-1844; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); secretary of state 1840-1844; presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1840; served again in the state legislature in 1845; appointed attorney general of Kentucky in 1850, and held the office until his death in Frankfort, Ky., February 18, 1863. Harlan, James, a Senator from Iowa; born in Clark county, 111., August 25, 1820; pursued class- ical studies, and was graduated from the Indiana Asbury university in 1845; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced; moved to Iowa; superintendent of public instruction in 1847; president of the Iowa Wesleyan university; pre- sented credentials as a Senator-elect as a Whig to the United States Senate and took his seat Decem- ber 3, 1855; owing to irregularities in the legislative proceedings, the seat was declared vacant January 12, 1857; reelected as a Republican in 1857; again elected in 1861, and served from January 29, 1857, until May 15, 1865, when he resigned to become Secretary of the Interior; resigned the last-named position July 27, 1866 ; again elected a United States Senator, and served from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1873; delegate to the peace convention in 1861; delegate to the Philadelphia Loyalist convention of 1866; presiding judge of court of commissioners of Alabama claims 1882-1885; editor of the Washing- ton Chronicle; died in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, Oc- tober 5, 1899. Harmanson, John Henry, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Norfolk, Va., January 15, 1803; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Jefferson college in Mississippi ; was admitted to the bar, and practiced law in Louisiana; member of the state senate in 1844; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1845, until his death in New Orleans, La., October 25, 1850. Harmer, Alfred Grout, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Germantown, Pa., August 8, 1825; attended the public schools and German- town academy; commenced business as a shoe manufacturer; became a wholesale dealer, and retired in 1860; identified with railroad enter- prises, shipping, and wholesale coal business; elected a member of the city council of Philadel- phia in 1856, and served four years; recorder of deeds for Philadelphia 1860-1863; delegate to the Republican national convention at Chicago in 1865; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); reelected to the Forty-fifth and to the eleven succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1877, until his death, in Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa., March 6, 1900. Harriett, Cornelius, a Delegate from North Carolina; born in Chattan county, N. C., April 20, 1723; member of the colonial assembly 1754-1766; leader in the resistance of the stamp act; president of the sons of liberty of North Carolina in 1775 and was president of the province; Delegate to the Con- tinental Congress 1777-1780; died a prisoner in Wilmington, N. C., April 20, 1781. Harper, Alexander, a Representative from Ohio; born near Belfast, Ireland, February 5, 1786; emigrated to America and located in Zanesville, Ohio; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Zanesville, Ohio; judge of the court of common pleas 1822-1836; member of the state house of representatives 1820-1821; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4 1837-March 3. 1839); reelected to the BIOGRAPHIES. 705 Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); again elected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); died in Zanesville, Ohio, December 1, 1860. Harper, Francis J., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Frankford, Pa., in 1799; state house of representatives in 1832; served in the state senate 1834-1835; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress, but died before the assembling of Congress, in Frankford, Pa., March 18, 1837. Harper, James, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Ireland in 1779; emigrated to America and located in Philadelphia, Pa.; elected as a Clay Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress, and as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1833, to March 3, 1837); died in Phila- delphia, Pa., March 31, 1873. Harper, James C., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Cumberland county, Pa., Decem- ber 6, 1819; moved with his father to Darke county, Ohio, in 1831; attended the common schools; in 1840 moved to Caldwell county, N. C.; land sur- veyor, civil engineer, and draftsman; laid out the town of Lenoir, N. C., in 1841; engaged in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits; held sev- eral local offices; elected to the house of commons of the state in 1865 and 1866; elected as a Conserva- tive to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1873); died near Patterson, N. C., Jan- uary 8, 1890. Harper, John Adams, a Representative from New Hampshire; was born in Deerfield, N. H., November 2, 1779; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Meredith, N. H.; served in the state militia 1809-1812; elected as a War Democrat to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); defeated for reelection; died in Laconia, N. H., June 18, 1816. Harper, Joseph Morrill, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Limerick, Me., June 21, 1787; attended the public schools; stud- ied medicine and began practice in Canterbury, N. H., in 1811; served in the war of 1812 as assist- ant surgeon in the fourth infantry; member of the state house of representatives in 1826 and 1827; served in the state senate 1829-1830, the last year as president of the senate and ex officio governor from February until June, 1831; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-second and Twenty- third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835); died in Canterbury, N. H., January 15, 1865. Harper, Robert Goodloe, a Representative from South Carolina and a Senator from Maryland; born near Fredericksburg, Va., in 1765; was gradu- ated from Princeton college in 1785; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1786, and began prac- tice in Charleston, S. C.; was a member of the state legislature; elected as a Democrat from Mary- land to the Third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alexander Gillon; reelected to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses and served from February 9, 1795, to March 3, 1801; served in the war of 1812 and attained the rank of major general; moved to Baltimore, Md., and practiced his profession; elected to the United States Senate for term beginning March 4, 1815, and served from January 29, 1816, until he re- 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 45 signed in 1816; died in Baltimore, Md., January 15, 1825. Harper, William, a Senator from South Caro- lina; born in the island of Antigua, January 17, 1790; emigrated to America and located in Charles- ton, S. C.; was graduated from the South Carolina college in 1808; studied law and was'admitted to the bar; moved to Missouri in 1818; state chancel- lor in 1819; member of the state constitutional convention in 1821; returned to South Carolina in 1823, and was made state reporter and served two years; appointed to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Gaillard, and served from March 28, 1826, to December 7, 1826; member of the state house of representatives, and served as speaker in 1828; appointed a judge of the court of appeals in 1831; chancellor of the state in 1834, which position he held until his death, near Charleston, S. C., October 10, 1847. Harries, William Henry, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Montgomery county, Ohio, January 15, 1843; moved to La Crosse, Wis.; enlisted as a private in company B, second Wis- consin volunteer infantry, April 18, 1861; com- missioned captain of company F, third United States veteran volunteers, Gen. Hancock's corps, December 21, 1864; honorably discharged April 17, 1866; was graduated from the law school of the University of Michigan in 1868; located in Houston county, Minn., and was admitted to the bar May 6, 1868; county attorney two terms; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); collector of internal revenue for Minnesota 1894-1898; secretary of the soldiers home board in 1907; commandant of the soldiers home in 1911. Harrington, Henry William, a Representative from Indiana; born near Cooperstown, Otsego county, N. Y., September 12, 1825; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Temple Hill academy, Livingston county, N. Y., in 1845; studied law in Genesee, and in 1849 was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Nanda, N. Y.; moved to Indiana in 1856 and practiced law; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1872; returned to Indianapolis, Ind., in 1874 and resumed the prac- tice of law; delegate to the Democratic national convention at Charleston in 1860; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); collector of internal revenue in 1862; died in Indianapolis, Ind., March 20, 1882. Harris, Benjamin Gwinn, a Representative from Maryland; born near Leonard town, Md., December 13, 1806; attended Yale college and the Cambridge law school; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar; served six terms in the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1867); court-martialed in Washington, D. C., May, 1865, for harboring two paroled Con- fererate soldiers, and sentenced for three years, and forever disqualified from holding any office under the United States government; President Johnson remitted the sentence ; died in 1895. Harris, Benjamin Winslow, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in East Bridgewater, Mass., November 10, 1823; pursued an academic course and was graduated from the Dane law school, Cambridge, in 1849; was admitted to the bar in Boston in April, 1850, and commenced practice in East Bridgewater in July, 1850; member of the 706 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. state senate in 1857 and of the state legislature in 1858 ; district attorney for the southeastern district of Massachusetts from July 1, 1858, until June 30, 1866; collector of internal revenue from June 30, 1866, until March 1, 1873, when he resigned; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1883); appointed judge of probate for the county of Plymouth in 1887; died in East Bridgewater, Mass., February 7, 1907. Harris, Charles Murray, a Representative from Illinois; born in Munfordsville, Hart county, Ky., April 10, 1821; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Illinois and located in Oquawka, where he began practice; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); died in Chicago, 111., September 20, 1896. Harris, George Emrick, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Orange county, N. C., January 6, 1827; moved to Tennessee and then to Missis- sippi; attended the common schools; studied law; and was admitted to the bar in 1854; entered the Confederate army and served until the close of the war; elected district attorney in 1865; reelected in 1866; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873) ; attorney general of the state of Mississippi; died in Washington, D. C., April 30, 1911. Harris, Henry Richard, a Representative from Georgia; born in Sparta, Ga., February 2, 1828; moved to Greenville, Meriwether county, Ga., in 1833; attended the common schools and was grad- uated from Emory college in 1847; member of the state constitutional convention of 1861; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879); reelected to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); third assistant postmaster general of the United States from April 1, 1887, to March 18, 1889; engaged in agricultural pursuits; died near Odessadale, Meriwether county, Ga., October 15, 1909. Harris, Henry S., a Representative from New Jersey; born in Belvidere, N. J., December 27, 1850; attended the common schools and was grad- uated from Princeton college in 1870; studied law in Belvidere, was admitted to the bar in June, 1873, and practiced; appointed prosecutor of the pleas for Warren county in March, 1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883). Harris, Ira, a Senator from New York; born in Charleston, Montgomery county, N. Y., May 31, 1802; was graduated from Union college in 1824; studied law in Albany, and in 1828 was admitted to the bar and began practice in Albany ; member of the state house of representatives in 1845 and 1846; state senator in 1847; delegate to the state constitu- tional convention in 1846; justice of the supreme court 1847-1859; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1867; delegate at large to the state con- stitutional convention in 1867; died in Albany, N. Y., December 2, 1875. Harris, Isham Green, a Representative and a Senator from Tennessee; born near Tullahoma, Tenn., February 10, 1818; attended the common schools, and the academy in Winchendon; moved with his father to Paris, Tenn.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Paris, Henry county, Tenn., in 1841; elected to the state legislature as a Democrat in 1847 ; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first and Thirty- second Congresses (March 4, ]849-March 3, 1853); moved to Memphis, and resumed the practice of law; presidential elector for the State at large in 1856; elected governor of Tennessee in 1857, 1859, and 1861; volunteer aid upon the staff of the commanding general of the Confederate army of Tennessee for the last three years of the Civil war; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1877; reelected in 1883, 1889, and 1895, and served from March 4, 1877, until his death, in Washington, D. C., July 8, 1897. Harris, J. Morrison, a Representative from Maryland; born in Baltimore, Md., in 1821; was graduated from Lafayette college, Easton, Pa.; studied law, and in 1843 was admitted to the bar; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty- fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1855- March 3, 1861). Harris, John, a Representative from New York; native of that state; sheriff of Onondaga county 1794-1796; elected to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809). Harris, John Stafford, a Senator from Louisi- ana; born in Truxton, Cortland county, N. Y., December 18, 1825; completed preparatory studies; moved to Milwaukee, Wis., in 1846; removed to Concordia Parish, La., in 1863, and became a planter; elected to the constitutional' convention of the state in 1867 and to the state senate in 1868; elected United States Senator as a Repub- lican, to fill vacancy in term beginning March 4, 1865, and served from July 8, 1868, to March 3, 1871; died in Butte, Mont., January 25, 1906. Harris, John Thomas, a Representative from Virginia; born in Albemarle county, Va., May 8, 1823; completed academic studies; studied law was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Harrisonburg in 1847; United States attorney 1852- 1859; presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); member of the State legislature 1863-1865; judge of the twelfth judicial circuit 1866-1869; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second, Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1881); declined a unanimous renomination ; chairman Virginia Dem- ocratic convention in 1884; delegate to _ several Democratic national conventions; presidential elector on the Cleveland ticket in 1888; commis- sioner to the World's Fair at Chicago; died in Harrisonburg, Va., October 14, 1899. Harris, Mark, a Representative from Maine; bom in Ipswich, Mass., January 27, 1779; moved to Portland, Me., in 1800; held several local offices; served in both branches of the legislature; elected to the Seventeenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Ezekiel Whitman, and served from December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1823; died in New York City March 2, 1843. Harris, Robert, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; native of Dauphin county, Pa.; elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827). BIOGRAPHIES. 707 Harris, Sampson Willis, a Representative from Alabama; born in Elbert county, Ga., February 23, 1809; was graduated from the University of Georgia in 1828; studied law, and was admitted to the bar ; member of thestate house of representatives ; moved to Wetumpka, Ala., in 1838; elected solici- tor of the eighth circuit in 1841; member of the state senate 1844-1845; elected as a Democrat to to the Thirtieth, and to the four succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1857); died in Washington, D. C., April 1, 1857; interment in Athens, Ga. Harris, Stephen Ross, a Representative from Ohio; born near Massillon, Stark county, Ohio, May 22, 1824; attended common schools, Washing- ton college, Pa., and Western Reserve college, Hiram, Ohio, 1845-1846; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice June 14, 1849, in Bucyrus, Ohio; deputy United States marshal; mayor of Bucyrus; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); died in Bucyrus, Ohio, January 15, 1905. Harris , Thomas K. , a Representative from Ten- nessee; was elected as a Democrat to the Thir- teenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); died from wounds received in an ancounter with Col. Simpson, April 18, 1816. Harris, Thomas Langrell, a Representative from Illinois; born in Norwich, Conn., October 29, 1816; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Trinity college, Hartford, in 1841 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1842 and commenced practice in Petersburg, 111.; chosen school com- missioner for Menard county in 1845; raised and commanded a company and joined the fourth reg- iment Illinois volunteer infantry; subsequently elected a major of the regiment; while absent and with the army in 1846 was elected a member of the state senate; in the war with Mexico; presented with a sword by the state of Illinois for gallantry at the battle of Cerro Gordo ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); unsuccessful candidate for the Thirty- second and Thirty -third Congresses; reelected to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); died in Springfield, 111., November 24, 1858. Harris, Wiley P., a Representative from Missis- sippi; native of Mississippi; located in Monticello; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty -third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); deputy to the pro- visional congress of the Confederate states at Mont- gomery, Ala., February, 1861. Harris, William Alexander, a Representative from Virginia; born near Warrenton, Fauquier county, Va., August 24, 1805; completed an aca- demic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Luray; member of the state house of representatives; presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1840; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); editor of the Spectator and the Constitution in Washington, D.C. ; charg6 d'affaires to the Argentine Republic 1846- 1851; moved to Missouri and then back to Wash- ington ; editor of the Washington Union and printer to 'the United States Senate 1857-1859; died in Pike county, Mo., March 28, 1864. Harris, William Alexander, a Representative and a Senator from Kansas; born in Loudoun county, Va., October 29, 1841; attended common schools and was graduated from Columbian college, Washington, D. C., in 1859, and from the Virginia military institute in 1861 ; served three years in the Confederate army as assistant adjutant general of Wilcox's brigade and ordnance officer of D. H. Hill's and Rodes's divisions, army of northern Vir- ginia; moved to Kansas in 1865 and was employed as civil engineer in the construction of the Union Pacific railroad for three years; elected as a Populist to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895) ; elected to the state senate November, 1896, elected as a Democrat in January, 1897, to the United States Senate and served from March 4 1897, until March 3, 1903; unsucessful Democratic candidate for governor of Kansas in 1906; died in Chicago, 111., December 20, 1909. Harrison, Albert Galliton, a Representative from Missouri; born in Mount Sterling, Ky., June 26, 1800; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from Transylvania university in 1820; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Mount Sterling; moved to Fulton, Mo., in 1827, and practiced; a visitor to the West Point military academy in 1828; member of commission to adjust land titles growing out of Spanish grants 1829-1835; elected as a Van Buren Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); died in Fulton, Mo., September 7, 1839. Harrison, Benjamin, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Berkeley, Charles City county, Va., April 5, 1740; pursued classical studies, attending William and Mary college; member of the colonial house of burgesses in 1764; active in pre-Revolutionary movements; delegate to the Continental Congress 1774; on June 10, 1776, as chairman of the com- mittee of the whole house, he introduced the reso- lution offered three days before by Richard Henry Lee, declaring the independence of the American colonies, and on July 4, he reported the Declara- tion of Independence, of which he was one of the signers; resigned in 1778; speaker of the Virginia house of burgesses; governor of Virginia 1782-1784; delegate to the state convention for the ratification of the Federal constitution; died in City Point, Va., April 24, 1791. Harrison, Benjamin, a Senator from Indiana; born in North Bend, Hamilton county, Ohio, Au- gust 20, 1833; was graduated from Miami university, Oxford, Ohio, in 1852; studied law in Cincinnati; moved in March, 1854, to Indianapolis; engaged in the practice of law; reporter of the decisions of the supreme court of the state; commissioned second lieutenant of Indiana volunteers in July, 1862; raised company A, of the seventieth Indiana volun- teer infantry, commissioned captain, and on the organization of the regiment commissioned colonel; went with the regiment to Kentucky in August, and served until mustered out, in June, 1865; brevetted brigadier general January 23, 1865; while in the field, in October, 1864, reelected reporter of the supreme court, and served four years; appointed member of the Mississippi river commission in 1879; elected to the United States Senate as a Republican to succeed Joseph E. McDonald; took his seat March 4, 1881, and served until March 3, 1887; elected President of the United States in 1888; renominated for second term and defeated by Grover Cleveland; attorney for Venezuela in the boundary dispute between Venezuela and Great Britain, arbitrated in Paris in 1900; died in Indian- apolis, Ind., March 13, 1901. 708 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Harrison, Carter B., a Representative from Virginia; native of Charles City county, Va.; pur- sued classical studies; elected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1799). Harrison, Carter Henry, a Representative from Illinois; born in Fayette county, Ky., Febru- ary 15, 1825; was graduated from Yale college in 1845; studied law and was graduated from Tanssyl- vania law school, Lexington, Ky., in 1855; moved to Chicago, 111. ; commissioner of Cook county 1871- 1874; elected to the Forty-fourth Congress as an Oppositionist (Democrat); reelected to the Forty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); elected mayor of Chicago in 1879, 1881, 1883, 1885, and 1893; unsuccessful candidate for governor of Illinois in 1884; assassinated in Chicago, 111., Octo- ber 28, 1893. Harrison, Francis Burton, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, December 18, 1873; was graduated from the Cutler school, New York City; Yale university, 1895; New York law school, 1897; instructor in the New York night law school, 1897-1899; admitted to the bar, 1898; served during the war with Spain in troop A, New York volunteer cavalry, from May 19 to June 20, 1898, and captain and assistant adjutant gen- eral United States volunteers, from June 20, 1898, to January 31, 1899; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905); reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty -first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Re- elected to the Sixty-second Congress. Harrison, jr., George Paul, a Representative from Alabama; born near Savannah, Ga., March 19, 1841; attended the Georgia military institute; en- tered the Confederate army as second lieuten- ant of the first Georgia regulars, and successively promoted to first lieutenant, major, colonel, and brigadier general; moved to Alabama in 1865; studied law, and licensed to practice; member of the constitutional convention of Alabama in 1875; elected state senator in 1876 and reelected in 1880; president of the state senate 1882-1884; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Chicago in 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Con- gress, November 6, 1894, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William C. Gates; reelected to Fifty-fourth Congress and served from December 3, 1894, to March 3, 1897; resumed the practice of law in Opelika, Ala.; delegate to the state consti- tutional convention in 1901; Harrison, Horace Harrison, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Lebanon, Wilson county, Tenn., August 7, 1829; completed preparatory studies; moved with his parents to McMinnville in 1841; clerk of the county court; master of the chancery court; register or deeds; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1857, and commenced practice in Nashville in 1857; United States dis- trict attorney, 1863-1866; chancellor in the Nash- ville division; judge of the state supreme court, 1867-1868; presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1868; again United States district attor- ney, 1872-1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); resumed the practice of law in Nashville, Tenn.; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1880; member of the state legislature, 1880-1881; presidential elector in 1885; died in Nashville, Tenn., December 20, 1885. Harrison, John Scott, a Representative from Ohio; born in Vincennes, Ind., October 4, 1804; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine, but abandoned the profession; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857); died in North Bend, Ohio, May 25, 1878. Harrison, Richard Almgill, a Representative from Ohio; born in Thirsk, Yorkshire county, England, April 8, 1824; emigrated to America in 1836, settling in Ohio, attended public schools, and was graduated from the Cincinnati law school in 1846 and commenced practice in London, Ohio; member of the state house of representatives in 1857; served as a state senator in 1859; elected as a Union Democrat to the Thirty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Corwin, and served from July 4, 1861, until his death in Columbus, Ohio, July 30, 1904. Harrison, Samuel S., a Representative from Pennsylvania; native of Maryland; moved to Kittanning, Pa.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837). Harrison, William, a Delegate from Maryland; native of that state; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1785-1787. Harrison, William Henry, a Representative and a Senator from Ohio; born in Berkeley, Charles City county, Va., February 9, 1773; pursued clas- sical studies; attended Hampden-Sydney college; studied medicine; commissioned by President Washington ensign in the first infantry, August 16, 1791, and served in Indian wars; in May, 1797, was made captain and given command of Fort Wash- ington; resigned June 1, 1798, with the rank of captain; appointed secretary of the Northwest territory, and elected its Delegate to the Sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1799, until March, 1800, when he resigned ; territorial governor of Indiana 1801-1813, and also Indian agent; de- feated the British and Indians at Tippecanoe No- vember 7, 1811; major general of volunteers in the war of 1812; resigned in 1814; head commissioner to treat with the Indians; elected as a Whig to the Fourteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John McLean; reelected to the Fif- teenth Congress, and served from December 2, 1816, to March 3, 1819; member of the state senate 1819-1821; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1825, until May 20, 1828, when he resigned; minister to Colombia, May 24, 1828, to September 26, 1829; President of the United States, March 4, 1841, until his death, in Washington, D. C., April 4, 1841; his remains rest in a tomb at North Bend, Ohio. Hart, Alphonso, a Representative from Ohio; born in Vienna, Trumbull county, Ohio, July 4, 1830; attended the common schools and Grand River institute, Austinburg, Ohio; studied law in Warren, Ohio; was admitted to the bar August 12, 1851, and began practice in Ravenna, Ohio; pros- ecuting attorney for Portage county, 1861 to 1864, when he resigned; elected to the Ohio senate and reelected in 1871; Grant presidential elector at large in 1872; lieutenant governor of Ohio, 1873- 1875; elected as a Republican to the Forty -eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); served as solicitor of internal revenue, Treasury Department, 1888-1892; resumed the practice of law in Wash- ington, D. C., and died there December 23, 1910. BIOGRAPHIES. 709 Hart, Elizur Kirke, a Representative from New York; born in Albion, N. Y., April 8, 1841; attended the Albion academy; engaged in bank- ing; member of the state house of representatives in 1872; elected to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4,1877-March 3, 1879); died in Albion, N.Y., Feb- ruary 18, 1893. Hart, Emanuel Bernard, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, October 27, 1809; attended the public schools and prepared for college; engaged in mercantile pursuits; active in the militia; city alderman; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851- March 3, 1853); appointed by President Buchanan surveyor of the port of New York and served from 1857 to 1861; commissioner of emigration; member of the city board of assessors, and alderman; excise commissioner; was admitted to the bar in 1868, and practiced; presidential elector in 1868; com- missioner of emigration, 1870-1873; died in New York City August 29, 1897. Hart, John, a Delegate from New Jersey; born in Hopewell township, Mercer county, N. J., Feb- ruary 4, 1714; attended the public schools; engaged in agricultural pursuits; elected to the provincial assembly of New Jersey in 1761 and 1768; elected to the provincial congress in 1775 and served as vice president in 1776; served in the Continental Congress, 1776-1777; was elected, with four others, to fill vacancies caused by the resignations of the New Jersey delegates,, who were unwilling to as- sume the responsibilities imposed by the resolu- tion of Richard Henry Lee, declaring the inde- pendence of the colonies, and served 1776-1777; signed the Declaration of Independence; chairman of the New Jersey council of safety in 1777-1778; when the British troops invaded New Jersey, his estate was devastated, and he was forced to the forests to save his life; returned to his home after the capture of the Hessians by Gen. Washington; elected to the first assembly of New Jersey under the state constitution in August, 1776, and re- elected in 1777 and 1778; died upon his estate in Hopewell township, N. J., May 11, 1779. Hart, Joseph Johnson, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Nyack, Rockland county, N. Y., April 18, 1859; attended the schools of Nyack, and was graduated from the Charlier insti- tute, New York City, in 1876; conducted and owned City and Country, a Democratic newspaper of Nyack, until 1883, when he moved to Pike county, Pa. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); clerk in hall of records, New York City. Hart, Roswell, a Representative from New York; born in Rochester, N. Y., August 4, 1824; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Yale college in 1843 ; studied law, and in 1847 was admitted to the bar; engaged in commercial pursuits; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); defeated for reelection ; appointed as superintend- ent of the railway mail service for the states of New York and Pennsylvania; died in Rochester, N. Y., April 20, 1883. Harter, Michael Daniel, a Representative from Ohio; born in Canton, Ohio, April 6, 1846; lived at Mansfield, Ohio; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); died in Fostoria, Ohio, Feb- ruary 22, 1896. Hartley, Thomas, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Reading, Pa., September 7, 1748; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in York, Pa. ; served in the Revolutionary war as lieutenant colonel of Irvine's regiment, and as colonel of the sixth Pennsylvania in 1776; commanded an expe- dition against the Indians in 1778; served in the state legislature; elected to the First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses and served from March 4, 1789, until his death, in York, Pa., December 21, 1800. Hartman, Charles S., a Representative from Montana; born in Monticello, Ind., March 1, 1861; read law; moved to Montana in January, 1882; was admitted to the bar in 1884 and practiced; in November, 1884, elected probate judge of Gal- latin county, and served two years; member of the state constitutional convention in 1889; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses; reelected as a Silver Republican to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1899). Hartridge, Julian, a Representative from Georgia, born in Savannah, Ga., September 9, 1829; pursued classical studies in Chatham acad- emy and the Montpelier institute, and was grad- uated from Brown university in 1849; studied law, was admitted to the bar ; and began practice in Savannah, Ga.; served in the state legislature; delegate in the Democratic national convention in Charleston in 1860; served one year in the Confed- erate army as a lieutenant in the Chatham artil- lery; member of the Confederate congress; delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1872 and 1876; presidential elector; elected to the Forty- fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1875, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 8, 1879. Hartzell, William, a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Canton, Stark county, Ohio, Feb- ruary 20, 1837; moved with his parents to Illinois in 1840; removed to the republic of Mexico in 1844, where he remained until 1853, when he re- turned to Randolph county, 111.; received a lim- ited schooling; was graduated from McKendree college in 1859; settled in Chester, Randolph county, 111.; studied law, and in 1864 was ad- mitted to the bar; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); elected as a judge of the third judicial circuit in 1897; died August 14, 1903. Harvey, David A., a Delegate from Oklahoma Territory; born in Stewiack, province of Nova Scotia, March 20, 1845; went with his parents to Clermont county, Ohio, in 1852; enlisted Septem- ber, 1861, in company B, fourth Ohio cavalry, and served throughout the war; after the war attended Miami university, at Oxford, Ohio; studied law, was admitted to the bar in September, 1868; moved to Topeka, Kans., in 1869, where he served four years as city attorney and six years as probate judge; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first andFifty- second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893). Harvey, James Madison, a Senator from Kan- sas; born in Monroe county, Va. (now West Vir- ginia), September 21, 1833; completed preparatory studies; moved to Kansas in 1859, and engaged in farming; served with the Union army as captain in the fourth and tenth regiments of Kansas infan- try, 1861-1864; member of the state house of repre- 710 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. sentatives 1865-1866, and of the state senate 1867- 1868; governor of Kansas 1869-1870, 1870-1871; elected as a Republican to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Alexander Oaldwell, and served from February 12, 1874, to March 3, 1877. Harvey, Jonathan, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Sutton, Merrimack county, N. H., February 25, 1780; attended the public schools; served several years in both branches of the legislature; president of the senate, 1817-1823; member of the executive council, 1823-1825; elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty- first Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1831) ; died i in Sutton, N. H., August 23, 1859. r- Harvey, Matthew, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Sutton, N. H., June 21, 1781; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1806; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Hopkinton, N. H., in 1809; served seven terms in the lower branch of the legislature and its speaker three terms; elected to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1825); state senator in 1825, 1826, and 1827; served as president of the senate; governor of New Hampshire in 1830-1831; appointed by President Jackson judge of the United States district court for New Hampshire in 1831; died in Concord, N. H., April 7, 1866. Harvie, John, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Gargunnpck, Scotland; emigrated to Virginia and settled in Albemarle county; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced for several years ; in 1774 appointed commissioner to treat with the western Indians; member of the Virginia conven- tions of 1775 and 1776; a Delegate to the Continental Congress 1 777-1778 ; purchasing agent for the state, with provisional rank of colonel; register of the land office, 1780-1791; secretary of the common- wealth, May 19, 1788; died in Richmond, Va., February 6, 1807. Hasbrouck, Abraham, a Representative from New York; native of New York; served in the state legislature, 1781, 1782, and 1810; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815) ; again a member of the state senate in 1822. Hasbrouck, Abraham Bruyn, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Kingston, N. Y., November 29, 1791; attended Kingston academy, and was graduated from Yale college in 1810; studied law in Hudson, N. Y., and Litchfield, Conn., and was admitted to the bar in 1813 and commenced practice in Kingston, N. Y., in 1814; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825- March 3, 1827); moved to New Jersey; president of Rutgers college, 1840-1850; removed to Kingston in 1850; died in Kingston, N. Y., February 24, 1879. Hasbrouck, Josiah, a Representative from New York; native of Ulster county, N. Y.; completed preparatory studies; member of the state house of representatives 1796, 1797, 1802, and 1806; elected to the Eighth and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805; March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819). Hascall, Augustus P., a Representative from New York; born in Hillsdale, Mass., June 24, 1800; located in Le Roy, N. Y.; presidential elector in 1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty -second Con- gress (March 3, 1851-March 3, 1853) ; died in Le Roy, N. Y., June 27, 1872. Haskell, Dudley Chase, a Representative from Kansas; born in Springfield, Vt., March 23, 1842; pursued classical studies in Easthampton, Mass., and took a special course in Yale college; engaged in mercantile pursuits; moved to Kansas in 1855; member of the state house of representatives in 1872, 1875, and 1876; served the last term as speaker; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Con- gresses and served from March 4, 1877, until his death in Washington, D. C., December 16, 1883; interment in Lawrence, Kans. Haskell, William T., a Representative .from Tennessee; born in Tennessee; pursued a prepara- tory course; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served as colonel in the Mexican war; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847- March 3, 1849); resumed practice of law; died in Hopkinsville, Ky., March 20, 1859. Haskin, John Bussing, a Representative from New York; born in Fordham, N. Y., August 7, 1821; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in New York City in 1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857- March 3, 1861); died in Friends Lake, N. Y., Sep- tember 8, 1895. Haskins, Kittredge, a Representative from Vermont; born in Dover, Vt., April 8, 1836; at- tended the public schools and received instruction from a private tutor; read law and admitted to the bar; state attorney 1870-1872; United States at- torney from October, 1880, to June, 1887; served as first lieutenant of company I, sixteenth regiment Vermont volunteers, in the Union army; appointed colonel and chief of staff to Gov. Peter T. Wash- burn in 1869; member of the Republican state committee 1869-1872; member of the legislature 1872-1874, and again 1896-1900; speaker of the house 1898-1900; state senator 1892-1894; chairman of the Vermont board of commissioners to establish the boundary line between that State and Massa- chusetts 1892-1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Six- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1909); judge of the municipal court in Brattleboro, Vt. ; postmaster of Brattleboro in 1912. Hastings, George, a Representative from New York; born in Clinton, Oneida county, N. Y., March 13, 1807; was graduated from Hamilton col- lege in 1826; studied law, and in 1830 was admitted to the bar; moved to Mount Morris, Livingston county; district attorney 1839-1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3,1855); elected judge of the county court of Livingston county and served from No- vember, 1855, until his death, in Mount Morris, N. Y., August 29, 1866. Hastings, John, a Representative from Ohio; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); died in Columbus, Ohio, December 29, 1854. Hastings, Serranus Clinton, a Representative from Iowa; bora in New York November 14, 1814; completed a preparatory course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Iowa; BIOGRAPHIES. 711 member of the state legislature several terms, and president of the territorial council through one session; elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); in 1848 chief justice of the supreme court of Iowa; moved to California and resumed the practice of law; chief justice of the supreme court of California for two years; attorney- general of the state; founded and endowed the Hastings college of law in the University of Cali- fornia. Hastings, Seth, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Cambridge, Mass., April 8, 1762; was graduated from Harvard college in 1782; stud- ied law and was admitted to the bar; settled in Mendon, Mass.; elected town treasurer 1794 and 1795; elected one of the first school commissioners in 1796; elected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1807); mem- ber of the state senate 1810 and 1814; died in Mendon, Mass., November 10, 1831. Hastings, William Soden, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Mendon, Mass., June 3, 1798; pursued preparatory studies; completed pre- paratory studies; was graduated from Harvard col- lege in 1817; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1828; elected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses, and served from September 4, 1837, until his death, in White Sulphur Springs, Va.,June 17, 1842. Hatch, Herschel Harrison, a Representative from Michigan; borninMorrisville, Madison county, N. Y., February 17, 1837; attended the common schools; studied law at Hamilton college law school, New York, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; elected alderman of Bay City at its first organization in 1865; elected judge of probate of Bay county in 1868 for a term of four years; member of the constitutional commission of Michigan in 1873; member of the tax commission in 1881; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); resumed the practice of law in Detroit, Mich. Hatch, Israel Thompson, a Representative from New York; born in Owasco, N. Y., in 1808; pursued preparatory studies; was graduated from Union college in 1829, admitted to the bar, and practiced in Buffalo; assistant secretary of state in 1830; surrogate of Erie county 1833-1836; member of the state house of representatives in 1852; grain merchant; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); post- master of Buffalo, N. Y., 1859-1861; member of the state constitutional convention of 1867-1868; died in Buffalo, N. Y., September 24, 1875. Hatch, Jethro Ayers, a Representative from Indiana; born June 18, 1837, in Chenango county, N. Y.; settled in Sugar Grove, Kane county, 111.; attended the common schools and Batavia (111.) institute; was graduated from Rush medical college in February, 1860; commenced practice in Kent- land, Ind., July, 1860; commissioned assistant sur- geon of the thirty-sixth Illinois volunteer infantry December 11, 1862, and promoted to surgeon of the same regiment; mustered out of service February 8, 1865, and returned to Kentlandj member of the Indiana house of representatives in 1872 and 1873; alternate delegate to the Republican national con- vention in 1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); returned to Kentland, Ind-., and resumed the practice of medicine; moved to Victoria, Tex., and is engaged in the real estate business. Hatch, William Henry, a Representative from Missouri; born in Scott county, Ky., September 11, 1833; attended the schools of Lexington, Ky.; was admitted to the bar in September, 1854, and prac- ticed; elected circuit attorney in October, 1858, and in November, 1860; served in the Confed- erate army; commissioned captain and assistant adjutant general December, 1862, and in March, 1863, assigned to duty as assistant commissioner of exchange under the cartel, and continued in this position until the close of the war; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -sixth, and to the seven suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1895); died near Hannibal, Marion county, Mo., Decem- ber 23, 1896. Hatcher, Robert Anthony, a Representative from Missouri; born in Buckingham county, Va., February 24, 1819; attended the schools of Lynch- burg, Va. ; studied law, and admitted to the bar in Kentucky; commenced practice in New Madrid, Mo., in 1847; for several years circuit attorney; state legislator in 1850 and 1851; member of the state convention in 1862; member of the Confed- erate congress 1864-1865; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879); died in Charleston, Mo., December 2, 1886. Hathaway, Samuel Gilbert, a Representative from New York; born in Freetown, Mass., July 18, 1780; attended the public schools; went to sea; settled in Solon, N. Y., in 1808; member of the state assembly in 1814 and 1818; state senator in 1823; major general in New York militia 1823- 1858; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); presiden- tial elector in 1852; attended the Democratic national convention in Charleston, S. C.; died in Solon, N. Y., May 2, 1867. Hathorn, Henry Harrison, a Representative from New York; born in Greenfield, N. Y., Novem- ber 28, 1813; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the public schools of Greenfield; merchant in Saratoga Springs 1839-1849; super- visor for Saratoga Springs; sheriff of Saratoga county 1853-1856 and 1862-1865; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); died in Saratoga Springs, N. Y., February 20, 1887. Hathorn, John, a Representative from New York; born in Wilmington, Del., January 9, 1749; completed preparatory studies; surveyor by pro- fession and a school teacher; captain, colonel, brig- adier, and major general; member of the state house of representatives in 1778, 1780, 1782-1785, 1795, and 1805, and served as speaker in 1783 and 1784; served in the state senate 1786-4790 and 1799-1803; member of the council of appointment in 1787 and 1789; elected to the Continental Congress in De- cember, 1788, but no further sessions were held; elected as a Federalist to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); reelected to the Fourth Congress (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1797); died in in Warwick, N. Y., February 19, 1825. Hatton, Robert Hopkins, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Steubenville, Ohio, No- vember 2, 1826; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Harvard college and from the law department of Cumberland university, Lebanon, 712 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Tenn., in 1850; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice in Lebanon, Tenn.; state representative in 1856; unsuccessful candidate for governor in 1858 ; elected as a National American to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); colonel of the seventh Ten- nessee volunteer infantry in May, 1862; made brigadier general in the Confederate army May 23, 1862, assigned to the command of the fifth brigade, first corps, army of Virginia; killed in action at Edwards Farm, May 31, 1862. Haugen, Gilbert N., a Representative from Iowa; born in Rock county, Wis.; April 21, 1859, attended the public schools; engaged in various enterprises, principally real estate and banking; treasurer of Worth county, Iowa, for six years; elected to the state legislature and served in the twenty-fifth and twenty-sixth general assemblies; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Haugen, Nils P., a Representative from Wis- consin; born in Norway, March 9, 1849; was gradu- ated from the law department of the Michigan state university in class of 1874; located in Wisconsin in 1854; member of the assembly in 1879 and 1880; state railroad commissioner 1882-1887; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-sec- ond, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1887- March 3, 1895). Haughey, Thomas, a Representative from Alabama; born in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1826; loca- ted in Alabama in 1840; pursued classical studies; studied medicine and was graduated from the New Orleans medical college in 1858; surgeon in United States army 1862-1865; delegate to the Alabama constitutional convention of 1867; elected to the Fortieth Congress; took his seat July 21, 1868, and served until March 3, 1869. Haun, Henry P., a Senator from California; born in Scott county, Ky., January 18, 1815; completed an academic course; studied law in Lexington, Ky.; admitted to the bar in 1839; elected county attorney; moved to Iowa in 1845; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1846; removed to Yuba county, Oaf. , in 1849 ; county judge in 1851 ; appointed United States Senator from California as a Democrat, to fill vacancy caused by the death of David C. Broderick, and served from December 5, 1857, to March 5, 1860; died in Maysville. Gal., May 6, 1860. Haven, Nathaniel Appleton, a Representa- tive from New Hampshire; born in Portsmouth, N. H., July 19, 1762; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Harvard college in 1779; elected as a Federalist to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); died in Portsmouth, N. H., March 13, 1831. Haven, Solomon George, a Representative from New York; born in Chenango county, N. Y., November 27, 1810; attended the common schools and instructed by private tutor in the classics; pursued a course in medicine ; studied law ; moved to Buffalo in 1835; was admitted to the bar the same year and practiced; commissioner of deeds, dis- trict attorney of Erie county 1844-1846; mayor of Buffalo, N. Y., 1846-1847; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1857); died in Buffalo, N. Y., December 24, 1861. Havens, Harrison E., a Representative from Missouri; born in Franklin county, Ohio, December 15, 1837; attended the common schools; studied and practiced law in Illinois; moved to Iowa and then to Springfield, Mo., in 1867, becoming editor of the Springfield Patriot; elected as a Regular Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875). Havens, James Smith, a Representative from New York; born in Weedsport, Cayuga county, N. Y., May 28, 1859; attended public schools and Monroe collegiate institute in Elbridge, N. Y., and was graduated from Yale college in 1884; was admitted to the bar in 1886, and practiced in Rochester, N. Y.; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1904; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James B. Perkins, and served from April 29, 1910, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Havens, Jonathan Nicoll, a Representative from New York; born on Shelter Island, Long Island, N. Y., June 18, 1757; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale college in 1777; elected to the state convention of 1788 to consider the Federal constitution; member of the state house of representatives 1786-1795; town clerk 1783-1787; chairmen of the committee for establishing public schools in New York, in 1795; justice of the peace of Suffolk county 1795; elected to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1795- March 3, 1799); died in Shelter Island, N. Y., Oc- tober 25, 1799. Hawes, Albert Gallatin, a Representative from Kentucky; born near Charlottesville, Va., April 1, 1804; elected to the Twenty-second Con- gress as a Jackson Democrat; moved to Daviess county ; reelected to the Twenty-third and Twenty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); died near Owensboro, Ky., April 14, 1849. Hawes, Aylett, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of Culpeper county, Va.; pursued the classical course; studied medicine; elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Four- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1817); resumed the practice of medicine; died in Cul- peper county, Va., August 31, 1833. Hawes, Richard, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Caroline county, Va., February 6, 1797; moved to Kentucky in 1810; pursued classi- cal studies at Transylvania university; admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Winchester; state representative for several years; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); October 4, 1862, was installed provisional governor; settled in Paris, Ky.; was elected county judge in 1866, and served until his death in Bourbon county, Ky., May 25, 1877. Hawk, Robert M. A., a Representative from Illinois; born in Hancock county, Ind., April 23, 1839; educated in the common and select schools of Carroll county, 111., and at Eureka college, Illi- nois; entered the Union army as first lieutenant, September 4, 1862; promoted to captain February, 1863; brevetted major April 10, 1865; clerk of the county court of Carroll county, 111., from December 13, 1865, to February 27, 1879; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1879, until his death June 29, 1882 BIOGRAPHIES. 713 Hawkes, James, a Representative from New York; born in Petersham, Mass., December 13, 1776; moved with his parents to Richfield, N. Y., in 1789; attended the common schools; taught school; elected sheriff of the county in 1819; mem- ber of the general assembly ; elected to the Seven- teenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); died in Rochester, N. Y., October 2, 1865. Hawkins, Benjamin, a Delegate and a Senator from North Carolina ; born in Warren county, N. C., August 15, 1754; student in the senior class at Princeton college when the Revolutionary war began; acquired a knowledge of French; left the school and was appointed on the staff of George Washington and acted as his interpreter; Delegate to the Continental Congress, 1771-1784 and 1786- 1787; appointed by Congress to negotiate treaties with the Creek and Cherokee Indians in 1785; elected a United States Senator from North Caro- lina and served from November 27, 1789, to March 3, 1795; appointed Indian agent for all the tribes south of the Ohio River by President Washington in 1796, and held the office until he died in Hawk- insville, Ga., June 6, 1816. Hawkins, George S., a Representative from Florida; native of New York; moved to Florida and located in Pensacola, where he held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857- March 3, 1861). Hawkins, Isaac Roberts, a Representative from Tennessee ; born in Maury county, Tenn., May 16, 1818; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the Mexican war; delegate from Tennessee to the peace con- ference in 1861 ; entered the Union army as lieu- tenant colonel in 1862; delegate to the Chicago convention in 1868; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1871); died in Hunting- don, Tenn., August 12, 1880. Hawkins, Joseph, a Representative from New York; native of the state of New York; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began the practice of his profession in Henderson; elected as an Adams Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); died in Henderson, N. Y., May 9, 1832. Hawkins, Joseph H., a Representative from Kentucky; resided in Lexington, Ky.; pursued an academic course; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; member of the state house of represent- atives 1810-1813, and served two years as speaker; elected to the Thirteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry Clay, and served from March 29, 1814, until March 3, 1815. Hawkins, Micajah Thomas, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Warren county, N. C., in 1786; attended the University of North Carolina; served several years in both branches of the legis- lature; member of the council of state; served in state militia and rose to the rank of major general; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-second, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1831- March 3, 1841); died in Warren county, N. C., December 22, 1858. Hawley, John Baldwin, a Representative from Illinois; born in Fairfield county, Conn., F'ebruary 9, 1831 ; moved to Illinois with his parents, when quite young; studied law, and in 1854 was ad- mitted to the bar; elected state attorney for four years; served one year in the Union army; ap- pointed postmaster at Rock Island, 111., in 1865, and was removed the year following by President Johnson; elected as a Republican to the Forty- first, Forty-second, and Forty -third Congresses March 4, 1869-March 3, 1875); appointed Assistant ecretary of the Treasury December 6, 1877; re- signed in 1880; moved to Chicago, 111., and re- sumed the practice of law; moved to Omaha, Nebr., in 1886, and was general attorney for the western branches of the Northwestern railroad com- pany; died in Omaha, Nebr., May 24, 1895. Hawley, Joseph Roswell, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Stewarts- ville, Richmond county, N. C., October 31, 1826; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from Hamilton college, New York, in 1847; was admitted to the bar in 1850 in Hartford, Conn., and practiced law; became editor of the Hartford Evening Press in February, 1857, which, in 1867, was consolidated with the Hartford Courant, of which he became editor; enlisted in the Union army and served as captain first Connecticut infantry April 22, 1861; lieutenant colonel seventh Connecticut infantry September 17, 1861; colonel June 20, 1862; brigadier general of volunteers Sep- tember 13, 1864; brevet major general of volunteers September 28, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war"; mustered out January 15, 1866; elected governor of Connecticut in April, 1866; delegate to the Free Soil national convention of 1852; presidential elector in 1868; chairman of the Republican national convention of 1868, and delegate to the Republican national conventions of 1872, 1876, and 1880; president of the United States centennial commission from its organization, in March, 1873, to the completion of the work of the centennial exposition; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Julius L. Strong; reelected to the Forty-third Congress, and served from December 2, 1872, to March 3, 1875; again elected to the Forty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); elected to the United States Senate; reelected in 1887, 1893, and 1899, and served from March 4, 1881, to March 3, 1905; appointed a brigadier gen- eral in the United States army March 4, 1905; died in Hartford, Conn., March 17, 1905. Hawley, Robert B., a Representative from Texas; born in Memphis, Tenn., in 1850; attended the city schools; moved to Texas in 1875; was a merchant, importer, and manufacturer in the city of Galveston for twenty years; three times elected president of the Galveston board of education; presided several times over state conventions, and attended as a delegate national conventions; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901). Hawley, Willis Chatham, a Representative from Oregon; born near Monroe, in Benton county, Oreg., May 5, 1864; attended country schools and Willamette university, Salem, Oreg.; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Oregon in 1893; principal of the Umpqua academy, in \Vilbur, Oreg., 1884-1886; president of the Oregon state normal school in Drain, 1888-1891; president of Willamette university 1893-1902; engaged in nu- merous business and educational enterprises; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty- 714 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Haws, John Henry Hobart, a Representative from New York; born in New York City; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); died January 27, 1858. Hay, Andrew Kessler, a Representative from New Jersey; native of Massachusetts; completed preparatory studies; moved to New Jersey, and located in Winslow; elected to the Thirty -first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851). Hay, James, a Representative from Virginia; born in Millwood, Clarke county, Va., January 9, 1856; attended private schools and the University of Pennsylvania, and was graduated from Washing- ton and Lee university, Virginia, in law, in June, 1877; moved to Harrisonburg, Va., in 1877, where he practiced until June, 1879; moved to Madison, Va., and devoted himself exclusively to his pro- fession; elected attorney for the commonwealth in 1883, and reelected in 1887, 1891, and 1895; elected to the house of delegates in 1885, and reelected in 1887 and 1889; to the state senate in 1893; member of the Democratic state committee for four years, and member of the Democratic national conven- tion of 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fifth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911); chairman of the Democratic caucus of the House of Representatives in the Fifty- sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hay, John Breese, a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Belleville, 111., January 8, 1834; re- ceived a limited schooling; learned the art of printing; studied law and was admitted to the bar; state attorney for the twenty -fourth judicial district of Illinois for eight years; served in the Union army during the Civil war; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); judge of the county court of St. Clair county, and is a resident of Belleville, 111. Hayden, Edward Daniel, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Cambridge, Mass., December 27, 1833; attended the Lawrence acad- emy, Groton, Mass., and was graduated from Har- vard college in 1854; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Woburn, Mass., until 1862, when he entered the United States navy as assistant paymaster; member of the state house of representatives of Massachusetts in 1880-1882; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); became interested in banking and railroading; died in Woburn, Mass., November 15, 1908. Hayden, Moses, a Representative from New York; born in Hampshire county, Mass., in 1786; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Williams college in 1804; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in York, Livingston county, N. Y.; was first judge of the court of common pleas of Livingston county, 1821- 1823; elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827); member of the state senate, and was serving at the time of his death in Albany, N. Y., February 13, 1830; interment in York, N. Y. Hayes, Everis Anson, a Representative from California; born in Waterloo, Jefferson county, Wis., March 10, 1855; attended public schools and was graduated from the Waterloo high school, and from the literary department of the University of Wisconsin in 1873, and from the law department in 1879; was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Madison, Wis.; moved to Ashland, Wis., in 1883; removed to Santa Clara county, Cal., in 1887, and engaged in fruit raising and mining, and with his brother, was publisher and proprietor of the San Jose Daily Morning Mercury and Evening Herald ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty -ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hayes, Philip Cornelius, a Representative from Illinois; born in Granby, Conn., February 3, 1833, and moved with his father's family to Lasalle county, 111., during the summer of the same year; was graduated from Oberlin college, Ohio, in 1860, and from the Theological seminary in 1863; served in the Union army during the Civil war; commis- sioned captain one hundred and third Ohio infan- try July 16, 1862; lieutenant colonel November 18, 1864; brevet colonel and brigadier general March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service dur- ing the war;" mustered out June 12, 1865; super- intendent of schools of Mount Vernon, Ohio, one year; located in Morris, Grundy county, 111.; dele- gate to the Republican national convention which met in Philadelphia in 1872; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-fifth and Forty -sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); removed to Joliet, 111., in 1892 and is a resident of that city. Hayes, Rutherford Birchard, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Delaware, Ohio, October 4, 1822; attended the common schools, the acad- emy in Norwalk, Ohio, and the Webb preparatory school in Middletown, Conn.; was graduated from Kenyon college, Ohio, in August, 1842; and from the Cambridge law school in January, 1845; was ad- mitted to the bar May 10, 1845. and began practice in Lower Sandusky (now Fremont) and then in Cin- cinnati in 1849 ; city solicitor in 1858-1859; entered the Union army; commissioned major of the twenty-third Ohio infantry June 27, 1861; lieuten- ant colonel October 24, 1861; colonel October 24, 1862; brigadier general of volunteers October 19, 1864; brevet major general of volunteers March 15, 1865, "for gallant and distinguished service during the campaign of 1864 in West Virginia, and partic- ularly at the battles of Fishers Hill and Cedar Creek, Va.;" resigned June 8, 1865; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Con- gresses and served from March 4, 1865, until De- cember, 1867, when he resigned, having been elected governor of Ohio; reelected in 1869 and again in 1876; elected President of the United States in 1876 and inaugurated March 4, 1877, and and served until March 3, 1881; died January 17, 1893, in Fremont, Ohio. Hayes, Walter Ingalls, a Representative from Iowa; born in Marshall, Mich., December 9, 1841; attended the common schools; was graduated from the law department of Michigan university in 1863; was admitted to the bar, and practiced; city attorney of Marshall, Mich.; was United States commissioner for the eastern district of Michigan, and also of Iowa; city 'solicitor of Clinton, Iowa; district judge of the seventh judicial district of Iowa from August, 1875, till January 1, 1887; elected as a Democrat to the Fif- tieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4 ; 1887-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Clinton, Iowa; died in Mar- BIOGRAPHIES. 715 shall, Mich., March 14, 1901; interment in Clinton, Iowa. Haymond, Thomas S., a Representative from Virginia; native of that state; elected to the Thirty- first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alexander Newman, and served from December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1851. Haymond, William S., a Representative from Indiana; bom near Clarksburg, W. Va.; received a scientific training and was, for a time, a practic- ing civil engineer; was graduated from two med- ical colleges, and began the practice of medicine in 1851 in Monticello, Ind.; entered the Union army as surgeon in 1862 and served one year; defeated for the state senate in 1866; elected pres- ident of the Indianapolis, Delphi and Chicago railroad in 1872, 1873, and 1874; elected as a can- didate of both the Democrats and Liberals to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); defeated for reelection as the Democratic candidate. Hayne, Arthur Peronneau, a Senator from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., March 12, 1790; pursued classical studies; engaged in business; served in the war of 1812; was first lieu- tenant at Sacketts Harbor, major of cavalry on the St. Lawrence, inspector general in 1814, and bre- vetted lieutenant colonel for gallant conduct at New Orleans; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the Florida war as commander of the Tennessee volunteers, and retired in 1820; served in the state house of representatives of South Carolina; presidential elector on the Jack- son and Calhoun ticket in 1828; United States naval agent in the Mediterranean for five years; declined the Belgian mission; appointed a United States Senator to fill vacancy caused by the death of Josiah J. Evans, and served from May 11, 1858, to December 2, 1858; died in Charleston, S. C., January 7, 1867. Hayne, Robert Young, a Senator from South Carolina; born in St. Pauls parish, Colleton dis- trict, S. C., November 10, 1791; completed a pre- paratory course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Charleston, S. C. ; served in the third South Carolina regiment during the war of 1812; member of the state legislature 1814- 1818, and served one year as speaker; attorney gen- eral 1818-1822; elected a United States Senator as a States Rights Democrat, and served from March 4, 1823, to December, 1832, when he resigned to become governor; participated in 1832 in a notable debate with Daniel Webster upon the principles of the constitution, the authority of the general gov- ernment, and the rights of the states; served as gov- ernor 1832-1834; mayor of Charleston 1835-1837; president of the Cincinnati and Charleston rail- road 1836-1839; died in Asheville, N. C., Septem- ber 24, 1839. Haynes, Charles Eaton, a Representative from Georgia; born in Mecklenburg county, Va., April 15, 1784; moved to Sparta, Ga.; completed preparatory studies; was graduated in medicine from the University of Pennsylvania, and prac- ticed; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4 1825-March 3, 1831); defeated for reelection to the Twenty -second and Twenty -third Congresses; elected as a Unionist to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); died August 29, 1841; interment in Sparta, Ga. Haynes, Martin Alonzo, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Springfield, N. H., July 30, 1842; moved with parents to Manchester, N. H., in 1846; attended the common schools and learned the printer's trade; in June, 1861, enlisted for the Civil war as a private in the second New Hampshire regiment, and served three years; received wounds at the first Bull Run, Glendale, and second Bull Run battles; in 1868 moved to Lake Village, N. H., where he established the Lake Village Times; member of the state house of representatives 1872-1873; clerk of the supreme court for BeLknap county 1876-1883; president of the New Hampshire veteran association 1881-1882; department commander Grand Army of the Repub- lic 1881-1882; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); appointed internal-revenue agent of the Treasury under President Harrison; a resident of Lakeport, N. H. Haynes, William Elisha, a Representative from Ohio; born in Hoosick Falls, N. Y., October 19, 1829; moved to Ohio in 1839; attended the common schools; engaged in mercantile pursuits from 1850 until 1856, when he was elected auditor of Sandusky county, Ohio, and served two terms; enlisted in the Union army April 16, 1861, in the eighth regiment Ohio infantry; commissioned cap- tain, and served in Western Virginia, the Shenan- doah Valley, and the army of the Potomac until November, 1862, when he was commissioned lieu- tenant colonel of the tenth Ohio cavalry, and served with it in the army of the Cumberland until 1864; collector of internal revenue for the ninth district of Ohio 1866-1867; engaged in farm- ing and banking; a member of the board of trus- tees of the Toledo insane asylum 1884-1888; dele- gate in the Democratic national conventions held in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1880, and in Chicago, 111., in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893); engaged in the banking business and is a resident of PYemont, Ohio. Hays, Charles, a Representative from Alabama; born in Greene county, Ala., February 2, 1834; completed preparatory studies and devoted him- self to agricultural pursuits; member of the con- stitutional convention of Alabama in 1867; mem- ber of the state senate in 1868; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty- third, and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1877); died at his home, "Myrtle Hall," Green county, Ala., June 24, 1879. Hays, Edward R., a Representative from Iowa; born in Wood county, Ohio, May 26, 1847; attended Heidelburgh college, Ohio; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1869; moved to Knoxville, Iowa, in May, 1871, where he practiced law; elected to the Fifty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Edwin H. Conger, and served from December 1, 1890, to March 3, 1891; died in Knoxville, Iowa, February 28, 1896. Hays, Samuel, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Ireland in 1783; came with parents to Virginia, where he received elementary in- struction; moved to Pennsylvania, and located in Franklin, Venango county; sheriff of Venango county four terms; member of the state house of representatives, and of the state senate; elected as 716 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); an associate judge, and United States marshal for the western district of Pennsylvania; died in Franklin, Pa., July 1, 1868. Hayes, Samuel L., a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of Pennsylvania; moved to Stuarts Creek, Va. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843). Hayward, Monroe Leland, a Senator from Nebraska; born in Wellsboro, Essex county, N. Y., December 22, 1840; served in the Civil war in the twenty-second New York infantry and fifth New York cavalry; was graduated from Fort Edward collegiate institute, New York; studied law in Whitewater, Wis.; moved to Nebraska in 1867; member of the constitutional convention of 1873; judge of the district court of Nebraska; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 8, 1899, until his death, in Nebraska City, Nebr., December 5, 1899. Haywood, jr., William Henry, a Senator from North Carolina; born in Wake county, N. C., Octo- ber 23, 1801 ; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1819; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Raleigh, N. C.; member of the house of commons of North Carolina in 1831 and 1834-1836, and served the last year as speaker; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1843, until July 25, 1846, when he resigned; died in Raleigh, N. C., October 6, 1852. Hazard, Jonathan J., a Delegate from Rhode Island; born in Newport, R. I., in 1728; completed preparatory studies; member of the general assembly in 1776; paymaster in the Continental battalion from Rhode Island in 1777, and joined Gen. Washington's army in New Jersey that year; reelected to the general assembly and a member of the council of war in 1778; Delegate in the Conti- nental Congress 1787-1789; again a member of the general assembly of Rhode Island 1790-1805; moved to New York in 1805 and located upon an estate in the Friend's settlement at City Hill, where he died in 1812. Hazard, Nathaniel, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Newport, R. I., in 1776; was graduated from Brown university in 1792; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1818-1819, and served as speaker; elected as a Democart to the Sixteenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1819, until his death, in Washington, D. C., December 17, 1820. Hazeltine, Abner, a Representative from New York; born in Waynesborough (now Dover), Vt., June 10, 1796; was graduated from Williams college in 1815; located in Jamestown, N. Y.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; United States commissioner for the northern district of New York; justice of the Chautauqua county court; member of the state assembly 1829 and 1830; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); district attorney of Chautauqua county 1847-1851; county judge 1860-1864 ; special county judge 1873- 1874; United States commissioner for the district of New York; died in Jamestown, N. Y., Decem- ber 20, 1879. Hazeltine, Ira Sherwin, a Representative from Missouri; born in Andover, \Vindsor county, Vt., July 13, 1821; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course; taught school three years in Wisconsin and studied law; member of the Wisconsin legislature in 1867 ; located upon a farm near Springfield, in Greene county, Mo., in 1870; elected to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); laid out and named the city of Richland, Mo.; died in Greene county, Mo., Jan- uary 13, 1899. Hazelton, George Cochrane, a Representa- tive from Wisconsin; born in Chester, Rocking- ham county, N. H., January 3, 1833; attended the public schools; fitted for college at Pinkerton acad- emy, N. H., Dummer academy in Massachusetts, and was graduated from Union college, Schenec- tady, N. Y., in 1858; studied law and was admitted to the New York bar; settled in Boscobel, Wis., in 1863, where he practiced his profession; prosecuting attorney of Grant county 1864, and reelected in 1866; member of the state senate 1867-1871, and served as president pro tempore of the senate 1869- 1871; reelected in 1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty -fifth, Forty -sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); located in Washington, D. C., and practiced law. Hazelton, Gerry Whiting, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Chester, N. H., February 24, 1829; pursued an academic course; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; moved to Wisconsin in 1856; elected to the state senate in 1860, and was twice chosen president pro tempore; district attorney for Columbia county in 1864; appointed collector of internal revenue for the second district in 1866 and removed by Presi- dent Johnson the same year; appointed United States attorney for the district of Wisconsin in 1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); resumed the practice of law, and is a resident of Milwaukee, Wis. Hazelton, John W., a Representative from New Jersey; born inMullica Hill, N. J.; attended the common schools; engaged in farming; delegate to the national Republican convention in Chicago in 1868; presidential elector in 1868 on the Grant and Colfax ticket; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1865). He aid, William Henry, a Representative from Delaware; born in Wilmington, Del., August 27, 1864; attended the public schools, and was grad- uated from the high school in 1880, and from Dela- ware college in 1883; studied law and was graduated from the law school of Columbian university, of Washington, D. C., in 1888; national-bank exam- iner for the states of Montana, Idaho, Washington, and Oregon 1888-1892; commenced the practice of law in 1897 in Wilmington, Del.; appointed postmaster of Wilmington by President Roosevelt in 1901, and served one term; elected as a Repub- lican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Healy, Joseph, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Newton, Mass., August 21, 1776; completed preparatory studies; member of the state senate in 1824; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829); member of the state exec- utivecouncil 1829-1832; died in Washington, N. H., October 10, 1861. BIOGEAPHIES. 717 Heard, John Thaddeus, a Representative from Missouri; born in Georgetown, Pettis county, Mo.; attended common schools and was graduated from the state university in Columbia in 1860; read law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced several years in Sedalia, Mo.; representative in the state legis- lature in 1872; member of the state senate 1880- 1884; employed in 1881 by the fund commissioners of the state to prosecute and adjust all claims of the state against the general government; elected as a Democrat to the the Forty-ninth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1895); retired from business and is a resident of Sedalia, Mo. Hearst, George, a Senator from California; born in Franklin county, Mo., September 3, 1820; was graduated from the Franklin county mining school in 1838; in 1850 went to California, where he worked in the mines; engaged in mining, stock raising, and farming; elected to the California state legislature in 1865; became the owner of the San Francisco Examiner; appointed to the United States Senate as a Democrat, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John F. Miller, and served from March 23, 1886, to August 4, 1886; subsequently elected for the term beginning March 4, 1887, and served until his death, in Washington, D. C., February 28, 1891; interment in San Francisco, Cal. Hearst, William Randolph, a Representative from New York; born in San Francisco, Cal., April 29, 1863; attended public schools and Har- vard college; became editor and proprietor of the San Francisco Examiner in 1886; in 1895 purchased and became editor of the New York Journal, and in 1896 established the New York American; founded the Chicago American in 1900, and the Chicago Examiner in 1902; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907); was the Municipal Ownership candidate for mayor of Greater New York in November, 1905; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for governor of New York in 1906; organized the Independence League party in 1908; a resident of New York City. Heath, James P., a Representative from Mary- land; born in Delaware, December 21, 1777; com- pleted preparatory studies; served in the regular army as lieutenant of engineers 1799-1802; register in chancery in Annapolis, Md. ; served throughout the war of 1812 as aid-de-camp to Gen. Winder; elected to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4,' 1833-March 3, 1835); defeated as the Democratic candidate for reelection ; died in Georgetown, D C June 12, 1854. Heath, John, a Representative from Virginia; born in Virginia; completed preparatory studies; elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797). Heaton, David, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Hamilton, Ohio, March 10, 1823; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected to the state senate in 1855; moved to St. Anthonys Falls, Minn., in 1857; member of the state senate of Minnesota 1858-1863 ; appointed special agent of the Treasury Department and the United States depository in Newbern, N. C., in 1863; appointed Third Auditor of the Treasury in 1864, but declined; member of the constitutional convention of North Carolina in 1867 ; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses and served from March 4, 1867, until his death; renominated for the Forty- second Congress; died in Washington, D. C , June 25, 1870. Heatwole, Joel Prescott, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Waterford, Elkhart county, Ind., August 22, 1856; a printer by trade; moved to Minnesota and settled in Northfield; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1903); declined to be a candidate for the Fifty-eighth Congress; resumed newspaper work; died in Northfield, Minn., April 4, 1910. Hebard, William, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Windham, Conn., November 29, 1800; attended the common schools, and fitted for college at the Orange county grammar school in Randolph, Vt.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in East Randolph, Vt.; state attorney of Orange county for seven years; judge of probate of the Randolph district 1838, 1840 and 1841; member of the general assem- bly in 1835; served in the state senate in 1836 and 1838; again a member of the general assembly 1840- 1842; judge of the state supreme court 1842-1845; moved to Chelsea, Vt.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); resumed the practice of law; delegate to the Republican national conven- tion in 1860; died in Chelsea, Vt., October 20, 1875. Hedge, Thomas, a Representative from Iowa; born in Burlington, Iowa, June 24, 1844; attended the commone schools, and was graduated from Phillips academy, Andover, Mass., in 1861, from Yale college in 1867, and from Columbia college law school, New York, in 1869; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Burlington, Iowa; served as private during the Civil war in company E and as second lieutenant in company G, one hundred and sixth New York infantry, 1864-1865; resumed the practice of law in Burling- ton, Iowa; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- sixth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911); resumed the prac- tice of law, and is a resident of Burlington, Iowa. Heflin, James Thomas, a Representative from Alabama; born in Louina, Randolph county, Ala., April 9, 1869; attended the common schools of Ran- dolph county, the Southern university, Greens- boro, Ala., and the A. and M. College, Auburn, Ala. ; was admitted to the bar January 12, 1893; elected mayor of Lafayette, Ala., March 16, 1893, and re- elected; register in chancery two years; resigned in 1896; member of the legislature in 1896-1898; member of the Democratic state executive com- mittee 1896-1902; delegate in the constitutional convention of Alabama in 1901; elected secretary of state in November, 1902, for a term of four years; resigned that office May 1, 1904; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Fifty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Charles W. Thompson; reelected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses, and served from December 5, 1904, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Heflin, Robert Stell, a Representative from Alabama; born near Madison, Ga., April 15, 1815; pursued academic studies; served in the Creek war in 1836; clerk of the superior court of Fayette county 1836-1840; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1840, and practiced in Fayetteville and Wedowee; member of the state senate 1840-1841; 718 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. went to Randolph county in 1844; member of the state house of representatives in 1849 and 1860; appointed and elected judge of probate of Savan- nah 1865-1866; presidential elector in 1868 on the Republican ticket; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871). Heilmaii, William, a Representative from Indi- ana; born in Albig, Rhein, Germany, October 11, 1824 ; came to the United States in 1843, and located in Evansville, Vanderberg county, Ind.; elected to the city council for six years; representative in the general assembly of the state in 1870; state senator in 1876; delegate to the Republican national convention in Cincinnati in 1876; resigned his seat in the state senate March 3, 1879; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); died in Evansville, Ind., September 22, 1890. Heiner, Daniel Broadhead, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Kittanning, Pa., De- cember 30, 1854; was graduated from Allegheny college, Meadville, Pa., in 1879; read law and was admitted to the bar of Armstrong county, Pa., in 1882; elected district attorney in 1885, reelected in 1888; chairman of the Republican county executive committee 1884-1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March3, 1897). Heitfeld, Henry, a Senator from Idaho; born in St. Louis, Mo., January 12, 1859; attended the schools of that city; moved to Seneca, Kans., in 1870, to Washington in 1882, and to Lewiston, Idaho, in 1883; engaged in farming and stock rais- ing; elected state senator in 1894 and reelected in 1896; elected as a Populist to the United States Senate January 28, 1897, and served from March 4, 1897, to March 3, 1903; a resident of Lewiston, Idaho. Helm, Harvey, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Danville, Boyle county, Ky., attended the Stanford male academy and was graduated from the Central university of Kentucky; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Danville, Ky.; member of the state house of representatives in 1894; county attorney of Lincoln county 1897-1905; delegate to the Demo- cratic national convention in Kansas City in 1900; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Helmick, William, a Representative from Ohio; born in Jefferson county, Ohio, September 6, 1817; attended the public schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1845; prosecuting attor- ney in 1851 ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- sixth Congress (March 4> 1859-March 3, 1861); ap- pointed by President Lincoln chief clerk of the Pension Office in 1861; resigned in 1865 and re- sumed the practice of law; appointed justice of the peace by President Hayes in 1877; died in Washington, D. C., March 31, 1889. Helms, William, a Representative from New Jersey; a native of that state; served in the Revo- lutionary war; elected as a Democrat to the Sev- enth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1811); moved to Tennessee, where he died in 1813. Hemenway, James Alexander, a Represen- tative and a Senator from Indiana; born in Boon- ville, Ind., March 8, 1860; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Boonville in 1885; in 1886, and again in 1888, elected prosecuting attorney of the second judicial circuit of Indiana; member of the Republican state committee in 1890; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, and to the five succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1895, until March 4, 1905, when he resigned ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles W. Fairbanks and served from March 4, 1905, to March 3, 1909; re- sumed the practice of law in Boonville, Ind. Hemphill, John, a Senator from Texas; born in Chester district, S. C., December 18, 1803; was graduated from Jefferson college in 1825; located in Sumter; edited a nullification paper, 1832-1833; moved to Texas, and for many years chief justice of the supreme court of that state; elected a United States Senator, and served from March 4, 1859, until his retirement upon the secession of Texas, February 23, 1861; deputy in the provisional con- gress of the Confederacy in Montgomery, Ala., in February, 1861; died in Richmond, Va., January 4, 1862. Hemphill, John James, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Chester, S. C., August 25, 1849; attended the local schools, and was gradu- ated from the South Carolina university in 1869; studied law, was admitted to the bar in the fall of 1870, and practiced in Chester, S. C.; defeated as a candidate for the legislature in 1874; elected in 1876, 1878, and 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1893); resumed the prac- tice of law in Washington, D. C., and died there May 11, 1912. Hemphill, Joseph, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Thornbury township, Chester county, Pa., January 7, 1770; completed a prepara- tory course; was graduated from the university of Pennsylvania in 1791; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1793, and began practice in West Chester, Pa.; member of the state assembly 1797- 1800; elected as -a Federalist to the Seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1803); moved to Phil- adelphia in 1803; member of the state legislature in 1805; appointed the first president judge of the dis- trict court of the city and county; elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nine- teenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1819, until his resignation in 1826; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); member of the state house of representatives in 1831-1832; died in Philadelphia, Pa., May 29, 1842. Hempstead, Edward, a Delegate from Mis- souri; born in New London, Conn., June 3, 1780; pursued academic studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1801, and commenced practice in Rhode Island ; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1805; attorney general of the territory of Upper Lou- isiana 1809-1811; elected to the Twelfth and Thir- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1815); speaker of the territorial assembly; died in St. Louis, Mo., August 10, 1817. Hemsley, William, a Delegate from Maryland; sat in the Continental Congress, 1782-1784. Hendee, George Whitman, a Representative from Vermont; born in Stowe, Vt., November 30, BIOGKAPHIES. 719 1832; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Morrisville, Vt.; prosecuting attorney, 1858-1859; member of the state house of representatives, 1861- 1862; served in the state senate, 1867-1868; lieuten- ant governor of Vermont in 1869 and governor in 1870; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879); died in Morrisville, Vt., De- cember 6, 1906. Henderson, Archibald, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Granville county, N. C.. August 7, 1768; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the Granville county academy; moved to Salisbury, N. C., about 1790; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Salis- bury; master of equity in 1879; elected as a Fed- eralist to the Sixth and Seventh Congresses (March 4, 1799-March3, 1803); member of the house of com- mons of North Carolina, 1807-1808, and 1819; died in Salisbury, N. C., October 21, 1822. Henderson, Bennett H., a Representative from Tennessee; elected to the Fourteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817). Henderson, David Bremner, a Representa- tive from Iowa; born in Old Deer, Scotland, March 14, 1840; came with his parents to Winnebago county, 111., in 1846, and removed to Fayette county, Iowa, in 1849; attended the common schools and the Upper Iowa university; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in the fall of 1865; enlisted in the Union army, September 15, 1861, as private in company C, twelfth regiment Iowa infantry volunteers, and elected and commissioned first lieutenant of that company, and served with it until discharged, owing to the loss of a leg, Feb- ruary 26, 1863; commissioner of the board of en- rollment of the third district of Iowa May, 1863- June, 1864; entered the army as colonel of the forty-sixth regiment Iowa infantry volunteers, and served until the close of the war;- collector of inter- nal revenue for the third district of Iowa from No- vember, 3865, until June, 1869, when he resigned; assistant United States district attorney for the northern division of Iowa about two years; resigned in 1871 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, and to the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1903); Speaker of the House in the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses; renomi- nated for the Fifty-eighth Congress, but declined; died in Dubuque, Iowa, February 25, 1906. Henderson, James Pinckney, a Senator from Texas; born in Lincoln county, N. C., March 31, 1808; pursued academic studies in Lincolnton, N . C. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1829, and began practice in Mississippi in 1835; removed to the republic of Texas in 1836; appointed by President Houston attorney general, and afterwards secretary of state; visited Europe as the diplo- matic representative of Texas, and in 1844 visited the United States as special minister to negotiate annexation; member of the state constitutional convention of 1845; governor of Texas in 1846; served in the Mexican war, and received a vote of thanks and a sword from Congress for bravery in action; appointed United States Senator as a States Rights Democrat, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Thomas J. Rusk, and served from Novem- ber 9, 1857, until his death, in Washington, D. C., June 4, 1858. Henderson, John, a Senator from Mississippi; born in a northern state in 1795; pursued an aca- demic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Woodville, Wilkin- son county, Miss., in 1820; brigadier general of militia; served in the state legislature in 1835; elected a United States Senator as a Whig, and served from March 4, 1839, to March 3, 1845; prac- ticed in New Orleans; in 1851 was tried in the United States court in New Orleans for violation of the neutrality laws of 1818 by complicity with the Lopez expedition against Cuba; was acquitted, and retired from public life; died in Pass Chris- tian, Miss., in 1857. Henderson, John Brooks, a Senator from Mis- souri; born near Danville, Va., November 16, 1826; moved to Missouri in 1836; pursued academic studies; admitted to the bar in 1848, and practiced law; a member of the state legislature 1848-1856; presidential elector in 1856 and 1860 on the Demo- cratic ticket; delegate in the Charleston conven- tion of 1860, and member of the state convention in 1861; a pronounced Union man; served in the state militia in 1861; appointed and subsequently elected a United States Senator in January, 1862, to fill vacancy caused by the expulsion of Trusten Polk, reelected, and served from January 17, 1862, to March 3, 1869; a commissioner to treat with hos- tile tribes of Indians in 1867; appointed special United States district attorney in 1875, and was re- moved from office; moved to Washington, D. C. Henderson, John H. D., a Representative from Oregon; born near Salem, Ky., July 3, 1810; moved to Missouri Territory in 1817; attended the public schools; learned the art of printing; entered the ministry and was pastor in Washington county, Pa., 1843-1851 ; returned to Missouri; in 1852 moved to Oregon; superintendent of public schools in Lane county in 1859; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867). Henderson, John Steele, a Representative from North Carolina; born near Salisbury, Rowan county, N. C., January 6, 1846; entered the Uni- versity of North Carolina in January, 1862, and left in November, 1864, to enter the Confederate army as a private in company B, tenth regiment North Carolina state troops; after the war studied law, and in January, 1866, entered Judge Pearson's law school at Richmond Hill, N. C.; obtained county court license in June, 1866, and superior court license in June, 1867; appointed in June, 1866, register of deeds for Rowan county, and re- signed in September, 1868; member of the state constitutional convention in 1875; member of the state house of representatives in 1876, and of the state senate in 1878; elected by the general assem- bly in 1881 one of the three commissioners to codify the statute laws of the state; elected presiding justice of the inferior court of Rowan county in June, 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- ninth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Salisbury, N. C.; elected to the state senate in 1900 and 1902; member of the board of aldermen in 1900. Henderson, Joseph, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Shippensburg, Cumberland county, Pa., August 2, 1791; went with his parents to Center county, Pa., in 1802; attended public schools, and was graduated from the Jefferson med- ical college in 1813; was commissioned first lieu- tenant of the twenty-second regiment Pennsyl- vania volunteers in the spring of 1813; was pro- 720 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. moted captain in the fall of the same year; was brevetted major, and given command of a regi- ment in 1814; participated in the battles of Chip- pewa, Lundy's Lane, and the siege of Fort Erie; located in Browns Mills, Pa., at the close of the war and practiced medicine; was elected to the Twenty - third and Twenty - fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); moved to Lewiston, Pa., in 1850, and continued the practice of medi- cine; died in Lewiston, Pa., December 25, 1863. Henderson, Samuel, a Representative from Pennsylvania; was elected in the Thirteenth Con- fress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of onathan Roberts, and served from March 29, 1814, until March 2, 1815. Henderson, Thomas, a Delegate and a Rep- resentative from New Jersey; born in Freehold, N. J., August 15, 1743; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Princeton college in 1761; studied medicine and became a member of the New Jersey medical society; also studied law and was admitted to the bar; appointed major in Col. Stewart's battalion of minute men February 15, 1776; major of Col. Heard's battalion June 14, 1776, and later lieutenant colonel and brigade major at Monmouth; member of the pro- vincial council of 1777; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1779-80; elected to the Fourth Congress (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1797); after retiring from Congress was surrogate, member of the legislature, judge of common pleas, and a commissioner to settle boundaries between New Jersey and Penn- sylvania; died in Freehold, N. J., December 15, 1824. Henderson, Thomas Jefferson, a Represen- tative from Illinois; born in Brownsville, Hay wood county, Tenn., November 29, 1824; moved to Illi- nois at the age of 11; pursued academic studies; clerk of the county commissioners' court of Stark county, 111., 1847-1849; clerk of the county court of Stark county, 1849-1853; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1852, and practiced; member of the state house of representatives 1855-1856, and the state senate 1857-1860; entered the Union army in 1862 as colonel of the one hundred and twelfth regiment of Illinois volunteer infantry; served until the close of the war and was brevetted brigadier- general in January, 1865, for gallant services; presi- dential elector on the Republican ticket in 1868; appointed collector of internal revenue for the Fifth district of Illinois in 1871; elected to the Forty-fourth and the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1895); member of the board of managers for the National Home for dis- abled volunteer soldiers; died in Washington, D. C., February 6, 1911. Hendrick, John Kerr, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Caswell county, N. C., October 10, 1849; went with his parents to Logan and Todd counties, Ky.; attended the private school and Bethel college, Russellville, Ky. ; moved to Critten- den county, Ky., in 1869, and engaged in school teaching; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1874; elected county attorney of Livingston county in 1878 and 1882; elected to the state senate in 1887; in 1888 chosen a delegate from the state at large to the Democratic national convention in St. Louis; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); resumed the practice of law in Paducah, Ky. Hendricks, Thomas Andrews, a Representa- tive from Indiana; born near Zanesville, Ohio, Sep- tember 7, 1819; moved with his parents to Madison, Ind., then to Shelby county in 1832; pursued classical studies and was graduated from South Hanover college in 1841; studied law in Chambers- burg, Pa., was admitted to the bar in 1843, and be- gan practice in Shelby ville, Ind.; state representa- tive in 1848 and a state senator in 1849; member of the state constitutional convention of 1851; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty- third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); Commissioner of General Land Office 1855-1859; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for governor in 1860; moved to Indianapolis in 1860; elected United States Senator, and served from March 4, 1863, to March 3, 1869; elected governor in 1872; defeated for Vice-President on the Democratic ticket in 1876; elected Vice- President on the Democratic ticket in 1884; died in Indianapolis, Ind., November 25, 1885. Hendricks, William, a Representative and a Senator from Indiana; born in Westmoreland county, Pa., November 12, 1782; attended the common schools; moved to Madison, Ind., in 1814; secretary of the first state constitutional conven- tion; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth, Fif- teenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses and served from March 4, 1815, until his resigna- tion in 1822; governor of Indiana 1822-1825; elected United States Senator from Indiana; reelected in 1831, and served from March 4, 1825, to March 3, 1837; died in Madison, Ind., May 16, 1850. Hendrix, Joseph Clifford, a Representative from New York; born in Fayette, Howard county, Mo., May 25, 1853; attended the private schools and Central college in his native place, and Cornell university, Ithaca, N. \ ., 1870-1873; moved to New York City in 1873, and until 1883 a reporter, night city editor, and writer on New York Sun; moved to Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1873, and in 1882 appointed a member of the board of education; in 1883 defeated Democratic candidate for mayor; appointed trustee of the New York and Brooklyn bridge in 1884; elected secretary of the board of bridge trustees in 1885; appointed postmaster of Brooklyn by President Cleveland in 1886, and served until July 1, 1890; elected president of the board of education of Brooklyn in 1887; appointed rapid transit commissioner in 1889, but declined the office; became president of the Kings county trust company in 1889, and continued as such until June 1, 1893, when he became president of the National Union Bank of New York City; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); died in New York City, November 9, 1904. Henkle, Eli Jones, a Representative from Maryland; born in Baltimore county, Md., Novem- ber 24, 1828; completed an academic course; studied medicine, and was graduated from the University of Maryland in 1850; trustee and also professor of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene in the Maryland agricultural college; elected to the house of delegates in 1863; member of the state constitutional convention of 1864; member of the state senate in 1867, 1868, and 1870; elected to the house of delegates in 1871 and 1873; delegate to the Democratic national convention in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty- fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1875- March 3, 1881); died in Baltimore, 'Md., Novem- ber 1, 1893. BIOGRAPHIES. 721 Henley, Barclay, a Representative from Cali- fornia; born in Charlestown, Clark county, Ind., March 17, 1845; moved to California in 1853; returned to Indiana; attended Hanover college; returned to California; studied law in San Francisco and was admitted to the bar in 1864; district attorney of Sonoma county; member of the state assembly; nominated presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1876; nominated for the same position in 1880 and elected ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); moved from Santa Rosa to San Francisco, Cal., and is engaged in the practice of law. Henley, Thomas Jefferson, a Representative from Indiana; born in Indiana in 1810; attended the Indiana state university; state representative 1832-1842, and speaker of the house one term; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843,-March 3, 1849); moved to California in 1849, and engaged in banking in Sacramento; member of the first state legislature; superintendent of Indian affairs of California for seven years; post- master of San Francisco. Henn, Bernhart, a Representative from Iowa; born in New York in 1817; attended the public schools; moved to Fairfield, Iowa; appointed reg- ister of the United States land office in 1845 by President Polk; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); died in Fairfield, Iowa, in 1865. Henry, Charles L., a Representative from Indiana; born in Green township, Hancock county, Ind., July 1, 1849; moved with his parents to Pen- die ton, Ind.; attended the common schools and Asbury (now De Pauw) university, in Greencastle, Ind.; studied law and was graduated from the law department of the Indiana university, in Bloom- ington, in 1872, and commenced practice in Pen- dleton; moved to Anderson, Ind., in 1875; state senator in 1880, 1881, and 1883; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); declined a renomi- nation; president and general manager of the India- napolis and Cincinnati Traction Co., and is a resi- dent of Indianapolis, Ind. Henry, Daniel Maynadier, a Representative from Maryland; born near Cambridge, Dorchester county, Md., February 19, 1823; attended Cam- bridge academy and St. John's college, Annapolis; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1844, and Practiced in Cambridge; member of the house of elegates in 1846 and 1849; member of the state senate in 1869 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877- March 3, 1881); resumed the practice of law; died in Cambridge, Md., August 31, 1899. Henry, Edward Stevens, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Gill, Mass., February 10, 1836; moved in 1849 to Rockville, Conn.; attended the public schools; engaged in business; filled numerous local offices, serving two years as mayor; representative to the lower house of the Connecti- cut general assembly of 1883; state senator in 1887- 1888; delegate at large to the Chicago national Republican convention in 1888; treasurer of the state of Connecticut 1889-1893 ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth, and to the seven succed- 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 46 ing Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Henry, James, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Accomac county, Va., in 1731; pursued classical studies; studied law at the university in Edinburgh, and was admitted to the bar; member of the house of burgesses; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1780-1781; judge of the court of admiralty 1782- 1788; judge of the general court from December 24, 1788, to January, 1800, when he resigned; died in Accomac county, Va., December 9, 1804. Henry, John, a Representative from Illinois; elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of Edward D, Baker and served from February 5, 1847, to March 3, 1847. Henry, John, a Delegate and a Senator from Maryland; born in Eastpn, Md., in November, 1750; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Princeton college in 1769; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar, and commenced practice in Easton; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1778-1781 and 1784-1787; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1789, until his resignation, December 10, 1797; governor of Maryland 1797- 1798; died in Easton, Md., December 16, 1798. Henry, John Flournoy, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Scott county, Ky., January 17, 1793; attended Georgetown academy, Ky.; Jef- ferson medical college, Philadelphia; and was graduated from the College of Physicians and Sur- geons in 1817 ; served at Fort Meigs in 1813 as sur- geon's mate of Kentucky troops; devoted himself to farming and to the practice of medicine; elected to the Nineteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Robert P. Henry, and served from De- cember 11, 1826, to March 3, 1827; in 1831 became professor in the medical college of Ohio in Cincin- nati; moved to Bloomington, 111., in 1834, and prac- ticed; moved to Burlington, Iowa, in 1845, and con- tinued to practice; died in Burlington, Iowa, No- vember 12, 1873. Henry, Patrick, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Studley, Hanover county, Va., May 29, 1736; pursued classical studies; engaged unsuccessfully in mercantile pursuits; studied law, and admitted to the bar in 1760; moved to Louisa county in 1764; member of the colonial house of burgesses in 1765' was foremost in the movement to call a Continental Congress, and was Delegate in the Continental Congress 1774-1776; colonel of the first Virginia regiment for a few months; governor of Virginia 1776-1779 and 1784-1786; member of the state con- vention which ratified the Federal Constitution in 1788; declined the appointment of United States Senator, tendered by Governor Lee in 1794, and the cabinet portfolio of Secretary of State offered by President Washington in 1795. He also de- clined the appointment of chief justice of the supreme court and that of minister to France offered by President John Adams; elected to the state senate in 1799, but did not take the seat; died in Red Hill, Charlotte county, Va., June 6, 1799. Henry, Patrick, a Representative from Missis- sippi; born in Madison county, Miss., February 12, 1843; entered Mississippi college in Clinton; after- wards Madison college, in Sharon, and when the war commenced was at the Nashville (Tenn.) mili- tary college; in 1861 enlisted in the Confederate 722 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. service in the sixth Mississippi infantry regiment; served through the war, and surrendered at Greens- boro, N. C., April 26, 1865, as major of the four- teenth (consolidated) Mississippi regiment; en- gaged in farming until 1873 in Hinds and Rankin counties; was admitted to the bar, and commenced the practice of law in Brandon, Miss. ; member of the legislature in 1878 and 1890, and delegate from the state at large to the constitutional convention in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty- sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897- March 3, 1903); resumed the practice of law, and is a resident of Brandon, Miss. Henry, Patrick, a Representative from Missis- sippi ; born in Arkansas February 15, 1861 ; attended the public schools and spent two years in college; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1884 ; eight years attorney of the ninth judicial district, and was beginning to serve his third term of four years when appointed judge of the same district by the governor, February, 1900, which he resigned to take his seat in Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901- March 3, 1903). Henry, Robert Lee, a Representative from Texas; born in Linden, Cass county, Tex., May 12, 1864; located in McLennan county in 1878; was graduated from the southwestern university of Texas in June, 1885; read law, and in January, 1886, was admitted to the bar; practiced for a short time, and then took a course at the University of Texas, and was graduated with the degree of B. L. in 1887; elected mayor of Texarkana in 1890; resigned this position to accept the office of assistant attorney general; moved temporarily to Austin, and served for nearly eighteen months; appointed assistant attorney general October 3, 1893, and held the position for nearly three years; located in Waco, Tex., and practiced law; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Reekcted to the Sixty-second Congress. Henry, Robert Pryor, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Henry's Mills, Scott county, Ky., November 24, 1788; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Transylvania college; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1809; prosecuting attorney ; served in the War of 1812 ; moved to Hopkins ville; elected as a Clay Democrat to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses and served from March 4, 1823, until his death, in Hopkinsville, Ky., August 25, 1826. Henry, Thomas, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in county Down, Ireland, in 1779; emigrated to America and located in Beaver, Pa., in 1798; appointed justice of the peace by Gov- ernor Snyder, December 24, 1808; elected county commissioner in 1810; captain of a company that went from Beaver to help defend the northern frontier from a threatened British invasion in 1814; elected a member of the state legislature in 1815; appointed prothonptory and clerk of courts 1816- 1821; elected sheriff of the county in 1821; pro- prietor and editor of the Western Argus 1821-1831; treasurer of the county 1828-1829; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); pub- lisher of the Western Argus 1825-1831; died in Beaver, Pa., July 20, 1849. Henry, William, a Delegate from Pennsylvania; born in Chester county, Pa., May 19, 1729; justice of the court of common pleas of Lancaster county 1770, 1773, and 1777; canal commissioner of Penn- sylvania 1771; member of the state assembly 1776; assistant commissary general, with the rank of colonel, for the district of Lancaster, Pa., during the whole period of the Revolutionary war; mem- ber of the council of safety 1777; treasurer of Lan- caster county 1777-1785; president judge of the court of common pleas 1780; inventor of the screw augur, and the first to suggest steam as a motive power; first gave encouragement and patronage to Benjamin West, the American painter; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1784-1786; died in Lan- caster, Pa., December 15, 1786. Henry, William, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Charlestown, N. H., March 22, 1788; attended the public schools; engaged in business in Chester, Vt.; engaged in the manufacturing business in Vermont and New York, and in Jaffery, N. H.; moved to Bellows Falls, Vt., in 1831; engaged in the banking business; member of the state legislature in 1834, 1835, and 1836; served in the first senate; director of the Rutland and Burlington railroad company; delegate to the first Whig national convention at Harrisburg, Pa., in 1839; presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1840; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); presidential elector on the Lincoln and Hamlin ticket in 1860; died in Chester, Pa., April 16, 1861. Henry, Winder Laird, a Representative from Maryland; born near Cambridge, Md., December 20, 1864; attended the public schools; after a few years in mercantile life he purchased an interest in and became editor of the Cambridge Chronicle; elected to the Fifty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Robert F. Bratton, and served from December 3, 1894, to March 3,1895; resumed newspaper work until 1898; studied law, was admitted to the bar of Dorchester county, and engaged in practice in Cambridge; chief judge first judicial circuit in April, 1908, and served until October 1, 1909; resumed the practice of law in Camb ridge, Md. Hepburn, William Peters, a Representative from Iowa; born in Wellsville, Columbiana county, Ohio, November 4, 1833; went with his parents to Iowa in April, 1841; attended the schools of the Territory and served an apprenticeship in a print- ing office; studied law and was admitted to prac- tice in 1854; located in Marshall county in Feb- ruary, 1856; elected prosecuting attorney of Mar- shall county in August, 1856; elected clerk of the house of representatives at the first session that convened in Des Moines in January, 1858 ; in Octo- ber of that year elected district attorney of the eleventh judicial district; delegate in the Repub- lican national convention of 1860; in August, 1861, resigned the position of district attorney and be- came a member of the second Iowa cavalry; served as captain, major, and lieutenant colonel; resident of Memphis, Tenn., during the two years following the war; moved to Clarinda, Iowa, in June, 1867; engaged in the practice of his profession until 1881; an elector at large on the Republican ticket in 1876 and 1888 ; member of the Republican national con- ventions of 1888 and 1896; served as Solicitor of the Treasury during the administration of President Benjamin Harrison-; elected as a Republican to the Forty -seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty -ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1887); and reelected BIOGRAPHIES. 723 to the Fifty-third and to the seven succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1909); defeated for reelection to the Sixty -first Congress; a resident of Washington, D. C. Herbert, Hilary Abner, a Representative from Alabama; born in Laurensville, S. C., March 12, 1834; moved to Greenville, Butler county, Ala., in 1846; attended the University of Alabama in 1853-1854 and the University of Virginia in 1855- 1856; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Greenville; entered the Confederate service as captain; promoted to the colonelcy of the eighth Alabama volunteers; disabled at the battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864; resumed the practice of law in Greenville, Ala., until 1872, when he moved to Montgomery, Ala.; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth, and to the seven suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1893); Secretary of the Navy 1893-1897; located in Wash- ington, D. C., and practiced law. Herbert, John C., a Representative from Maryland; native of that state; elected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4,. 1815-March 3, 1819). Herbert, Philemon T., a Representative from California; native of Alabama; moved to Mariposa City, Cal.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857). Hereford, Frank, a Representative and a Sena- tor from West Virginia; born in Fauquier county, Va., July 4, 1825; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced; moved to California and was district attorney of Sacramento county from October, 1855, to October, 1857; removed to West Virginia and was presiden- tial elector on the Democratic ticket in 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -second, Forty- third, and Forty-fourth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1871, until January 31, 1877, when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Allen Taylor Caperton, and served from January 26, 1877, to March 3, 1881; after leaving Congress he resumed the practice of law; died in Union, Monroe county, W. Va., December 21, 1891. HerkLmer, John, a Representative from New York; born in Montgomery (then Tryon) county, N. Y., in 1773; attended the public schools; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1800, 1804 and 1806; member of the state constitutional convention of 1801; moved to Danube, Herkimer county, N. Y.; major in the War of 1812 and commanded a battalion of New York volunteers in the defense of Sacketts Harbor, May 29, 1813; judge of the circuit court for several years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); moved to Meriden, N. Y.; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823- March 3, 1825); returned to Danube, where he died June 8, 1848. Hermann, Binger, a Representative from Ore- gon; born in Lonaconing, Allegany county, Md., February 19, 1843; attended rural schools and the Independent academy (afterwards Irving college), near Baltimore, Md.; moved to Oregon, where he taught country schools, studied law, and was admit- ted to practice in 1866; elected to the state legis- lature, lower house, in 1866; state senator in 1868; deputy collector of internal revenue for southern Oregon, 1868-1871; receiver of public moneys at the United States land office in Roseberg, Oreg., 1871-1873; on the 27th of March, 1897, was ap- pointed by President McKinley and confirmed Commissioner of the General Land Office, served until February 1, 1903, when he resigned; elected to the Forty-ninth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1897); and to the Fifty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Thomas H. Tongue; reelected to the Fifty-ninth Congress, and served from Novem- ber 9, 1903, to March 3, 1907; resumed the practice of law, and is a resident of Roseburg, Oreg. Hernandez, Joseph Marion, a Delegate from Florida Territory; native of St. Augustine, Fla. (a Spanish colony); transferred allegiance to the United States; elected a first Delegate to the Sev- enteenth Congress, and served from January 3, 1823, to March 3, 1825; member and presiding offi- cer of the territorial house of representatives; ap- pointed brigadier general of volunteers in the war against the Florida Indians; entered the United States service, and served from 1835 to 1838 ; com- manded the expedition in 1837 that captured the Indian chief Osceola; appointed brigadier general of mounted volunteers in July, 1837; died near Matanzas, Cuba, June 8, 1857. Herndon, Thomas H., a Representative from Alabama; born in Greene (now Hale), county, Ala., July 1, 1828; was graduated from the University of Alabama; attended the law school of Harvard, Cambridge, Mass.; was admitted to the bar and practiced; member of the legislature 1857-1858; trustee of the University of Alabama 1858-1859; member of the state secession convention in 1861; major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel in the Con- federate army; wounded twice in battle, and par- oled May 13, 1865; Democratic candidate for gov- ernor of Alabama in 1872; member of the constitu- tional convention of 1875; member of the state leg- islature 1876-1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth, Forty -seventh, and Forty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1885); died March 28, 1883. Herndon, William Smith, a Representative from Texas; born in Rome, Ga., November 27, 1835; moved to Wood county, Tex., in May, 1852; at- tended McKenzie college, Texas; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1860; served in the Confederate army 1861-1865; and attained the rank of captain; resumed practice in Tyler, Smith county; elected as a Democrat to r the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); resumed the prac- tice of law; died in Albuquerque, N. Mex., October 11, 1903; interment in Tyler, Tex. Herod, William, a Representative from Indiana; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Colum- bus, Ind.; member of the state senate; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of George L. Kinnard; re- elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress and served from January 25, 1837, to March 3, 1839; defeated for reelection to the Twenty-sixth Congress. Herrick, Anson, a Representative from New York; born in Lewiston, Me., January 21, 1812; at- tended the public schools; became a printer; estab- lished The Citizen at Wiscasset, Me., in 1833; moved to New York City in 1836; established the New York Atlas in 1838, which he continued until his death; city alderman 1854-1856; naval store- 724 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. keeper for the port of New York 1857-1861; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); delegate to the national Union convention in Philadelphia in 1866; died in New York City, February 5, 1868. Herrick, Ebenezer, a Representative from Maine; born in Lincoln county, Me., October 21, 1785; attended the public schools; secretary of the state senate in 1820; member of the state constitu- tional convention of the same year; elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1827); state senator in 1828-1829; died in Lewiston, Me., May 7, 1839. Herrick, Joshua, a Representative from Maine; born in Beverly, Mass., March 18, 1793; attended the public schools; moved to the district of Maine in 1811 and engaged in the lumber business; served in the war o f 1812; moved to Brunswick, Me., and became connected with the first cotton factory in Maine; deputy sheriff of Cumberland county for many years; deputy collector and in- spector of customs at Kennebunkport 1829-1841; county commissioner of York county 1842-1843; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); again deputy collector at Kennebunkport 1847-1849; register of probate of York county 1849-1855; died in Alfred, Me., August 30, 1874. Herrick, Richard P., a Representative from New York; born in Rensselaer county, N. Y., in 1791 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1839; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Con- gress and served from March 4, 1845, until his death in Washington, D. C., June 20, 1846. Herrick, Samuel, a Representative from Ohio; born in Amenia, Dutchess i county, N. Y., April 14, 1779; pursued an academic course; studied law in Carlisle, Pa., and was admitted to the bar in 1805; moved to Zanesville, Ohio, in 1810; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821); presidential elector on the Jackson and Cal- houn ticket in 1828; appointed United States dis- trict attorney for Ohio in 1829; died in Zanesville, Ohio, June 4, 1852. Hersey, Samuel Freeman, a Representative from Maine; born in Sumner, Me., April 12, 1812; was graduated from Hebron academy in 1831; en- gaged in banking and the lumber business in Maine, Minnesota, and Wisconsin; member of the state legislature of Maine in 1842, 1857, 1865, 1867, and 1869, and of the executive council in 1851 and 1852; delegate to the Republican convention in Chicago in 1860 and in Baltimore in 1864; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress and served from March 4, 1873, until his death in Ban- gor, Me., February 3, 1875. Hewes, Joseph, a Delegate from North Caro- lina; born in Kingston, N. J., in 1730; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Princeton college; engaged in business in Philadelphia for a time, then located in Wilmington, N. C., and en- gaged in mercantile pursuits; moved to Edenton, N. C., in 1763; member of the house of commons of North Carolina, 1774-1776; delegate in the Conti- nental Congress 1774, 1777, and 1779, and served until his death. He was a member of the com- mittee to report upon the rights of the colonies, and was a signer of the Declaration of Independence; died in Philadlephia, Pa., November 10, 1779. Hewitt, Abram Stevens, a Representative from New York; born in Haverstraw, N. Y., July 31, 1822; attended the public schools of New York City, and was graduated from Columbia college in 1842; studied law, and was admitted to practice in October, 1845; his eyesight failing, he engaged in the iron business with Peter Cooper; and estab- lished works in New Jersey and Pennsylvania; ap- pointed one of the ten United States scientific com- missioners to visit the French exposition univer- selle of 1867, and made a report on iron and steel, which was published by Congress; organized and managed the Cooper Union for the advancement of science and art; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; reelected to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1887); resigned December 30, 1886; mayor of New York City, 1887-1888; died in New York City, January 18, 1903. Hewitt, Goldsmith Whitehouse, a Represent- ative from Alabama; born in Jefferson county, Ala., February, 14, 1834; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1856; entered the Confederate army in June, 1861, as a private; promoted captain in 1862, and severely wounded at Chickamauga; member of the state house of representatives 1870- 1871; state senator in 1872, and resigned in 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); and to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885); died in Birmingham, Ala., May 27, 1895. Heyburn, Weldon Brinton, a Senator from Idaho; born in Delaware county, Pa., May 23, 1852; received an academic training; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1876, and began practice in Pennsylvania; in the winter of 1883 moved to Sho- shone county, Idaho, and practiced law in Wallace; was a member of the convention that framed the constitution of the state of Idaho in 1889; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1888, 1892, 1900, and 1904; national committeeman for Idaho 1904-1908; nominee of the Republican party of Idaho for Congress in 1898, and defeated ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; re- elected, and served from March 4, 1903, until his death, in Washington, D. C., October 17, 1912. Heyward, Thomas, jr., a Delegate from South Carolina; born in St. Luke parish, S. C., in 1746; pursued academic studies; studied law in the Temple at London; returned to his native state and established himself in the practice of law; member of the colonial assembly of South Carolina; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1776-1778; signer of the Declaration of Independence; served in the Revolutionary war as captain; taken prisoner at the capture of Charleston, May 12, 1780, and was a prisoner at St. Augustine one year; member of the state constitutional convention in 1790; judge of the civil and criminal courts both before and after the war; died on his plantation in the parish of St. Luke, S. C., March 6, 1809. Heyward, William, a Representative from Maryland; pursued classical studies; was graduated from Princeton college in 1808; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825). Hibbard, Ellery Albee, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in St. Johnsbury, Vt., July 31, 1826; pursued academic studies; studied law BIOGRAPHIES. 725 in Haverhill and Exeter, N. H., was admitted to the bar in July, 1849, and practiced in Plymouth, N. H., until 1853, and subsequently in Laconia; clerk of the New Hampshire house of representa- tives 1852-1854, and amember in 1865-1866; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); judge of the supreme court of New Hampshire in March, 1873; retired in 1874. and declined a reappointment under the revised judiciary system; died in Laconia, N. H., July 24, 1903. Hibbard, Harry, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Concord, Vt., July 1, 1816; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1835; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1839, and commenced practice in Bath, N. H.; clerk of the state house of repre- sentatives 1840-1843; member and speaker 1844- 1845; state senator 1846-1849; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1855); died Somersville, N. H., July 27, 1872. Hibshman, Jacob, a Representative from Pennsylvania; a native of Lancaster, Pa. ; attended the common schools; held several local offices; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819- March 3, 1821). Hickman, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Chester county, Pa., September 11, 1810; pursued English and classical studies under private tutors; started the study of medicine, but abandoned it for the study of law; was admitted to the bar in 1832 and began practice in West Chester; delegate to the Democratic convention in Baltimore in 1844; district attorney for Chester county 1844-1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty -fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, as a Douglas Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1863); state representative in 1869; died in West Chester, Pa., March 23, 1875. Hicks, Josiah Duane, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Chester county, Pa., August 1, 1844; moved to Blair county in 1847; attended the common schools of Blair and Huntingdon coun- ties; moved to Altoona, Pa., in the spring of 1861, and enlisted in the Union Army as a private in 1862, and served nearly eighteen months; admitted to practice law in 1875; elected district attorney of Blair county in 1880, and in 1883 reelected ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty -third, Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1893 -March 3, 1899); resumed the practice of law in Altoona, Pa. Hicks, Thomas Holliday, a Senator from Mary- land; born in Dorchester county, Md., September 2, 1798; attended the public schools; sheriff of Dorchester county in 1831 ; state representative in 1836; register of wills in 1838, and held the office a number of years; member of the Maryland consti- tutional convention in 1849; governor of Maryland 1858-1862; took a firm stand against secession; appointed United States Senator from Maryland as a Republican, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of James A . Pearce ; subsequently elected and served from December 29, 1862, until his death in Washington, D. C., February 13, 1865. Hiestand, John Andrew, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in East Donegal township, Lancaster county, Pa., October 2, 1824; attended common schools and an academy, and Pennsyl- vania college, Gettysburg; studied law and was admitted to the Lancaster bar in 1849; elected to the state house of representatives in 1852, 1853, and 1856 as a Whig; he purchased in October, 1858, an interest in the Lancaster Examiner printing establishment and relinquished the practice of law; state senator 1860-1863; Lincoln and Johnson elector in 1864; appointed by President Grant in 1871 naval officer at the port of Philadelphia; reappointed by him in 1875 and served eight years; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Lancaster, Pa., December 13, 1890; inter- ment in Marietta, Pa. Hiester, Daniel, a Representative from Penn- sylvania and from Maryland; born in Berks county, Pa., June 25, 1747; attended the public schools; engaged in business in Montgomery county; colonel and brigadier general of militia, and served in the Revolutionary war; member of the supreme executive council of Pennsylvania 1784-1786; com- missioner of the Connecticut land claims in 1787; elected to the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses from Pennsylvania, and served from March 4, 1789, until his resignation, July 1, 1796; moved to Hagerstown, Md. ; elected from Maryland to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1801, until his death, in Washing- ton, D. C., March 7, 1804. Hiester, Daniel, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Berks county; Pa.; elected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811). Hiester, Isaac E., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Lancaster county, Pa., about 1820; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Yale college in 1842; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar and began practice in Lancaster; elected attorney general for the county in 1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); died in Lancaster Pa., February 6, 1871. Hiester, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Goshenhopper, Montgomery county, Pa., April 9, 1746; engaged, with his father, in the lumbering business in Bern township, Berks county, Pa. ; elected to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809); died in Goshenhopper, Montgomery county, Pa., October 15, 1821. Hiester, Joseph, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Berne township, Berks county, Pa., November 18, 1752; attended the common schools; engaged in mercantile pursuits; served in the Revolutionary army as captain and colonel; taken prisoner and confined on the Jersey prison ship; member of the constitutional conventions of 1776 and 1790; five years a state representative and four years a state senator; elected to the Fifth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George Ege; reelected to the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, and served from December 1, 1797, to March 3, 1805; reelected to the Four- teenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1815, until his resignation in December, 1820; major general of Pennsylvania militia in 1807; governor of Pennsylvania 1820- 1823; died in Reading, Pa., June 10, 1832. Hiester, William, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Berne township, Berks county, Pa., in 1791 ; attended public schools; devoted him- 726 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOET. self to farming: in Lancaster, county; elected as a Whig to the .Twenty-second, Twenty- third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1837); delegate: to the state constitutional con- vention of 1837; died in Lancaster county, Pa., October 14, 1853. Higby, William, a Representative from Cali- fornia; born in Willsboro, N. Y,, August 18, 1813; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the University of Vermont; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced; went to Cali- fornia in 1850; district attorney 1853-1859; state senator in 1862 and 1863; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869); editor of Calaveras Chronical for several years; died in Santa Rose, Cal., November 26, 1887; interment in Oak- land, Cal. Higgins, Anthony, a Senator from Delaware; born in Red Lion Hundred, Newcastle county, Del., October 1, 1840; attended Newark academy and Delaware college, and was graduated from Yale in 1861 ; studied law one year at the Harvard law school, and was admitted to the bar in 1864; appointed deputy attorney-general in September, 1864; United States attorney for Delaware, from May, 1869, until 1876; Republican candidate for Congress in 1884, and elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1889, to March 3, 1895; resumed the practice of law in Wilmington, Del.; one of the attorneys for the respondent in the impeachment trial of Judge Charles Swain, in 1904-1905; died in Wilmington, Del., June 26, 1912. Higgins, Edwin Werter, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Clinton, Conn., July 2, 1874; attended the schools of Norwich and was graduated from the Yale law school in 1897; engaged in practice in Norwich, Conn., in 1897; member of the general assembly in 1899; corpora- tion counsel of Norwich, deputy judge of its city court, and health officer for the county of New London; served on the Republican state central committee many years ; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1904 ; was elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-ninth Congress, October 2, 1905, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Frank B. Bfandegee, and reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Higginson, Stephen, a Delegate from Massa- chusetts; born in Salem, Mass., November 28, 1743; engaged in mercantile pursuits and from 1765 to 1775 was an active and successful shipmaster; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1782-1783; navy agent at Boston 1797-1808; prominent in putting down "Shay's Rebellion;" served as lieu- tenant-colonel of the Boston regiment; died in Boston, Mass., November 22, 1828. Hilborn, Samuel Greeley, a Representative from California; born in Minot, Androscoggin (then Cumberland) county, Me., December 9, 1834; attended the common schools, Hebron academy, and Gould's academy, Bethel, Me., and was grad- uated from Tufts college, Mass., in 1859; read law, was admitted to the bar in 1861, and moved to California; located in Vallejo, Solano county, and engaged in the practice of law; served in the state senate 1875-rl879; member of the : constitutional convention of 1879; appointed United States dis- trict attorney for the district of California in 1883, and moved to San Francisco; changed his residence to Oakland in 1887; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph McKenna; relected to the Fifty -fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses, and served from December 5, 1892, to March 3, 1899; died in Washington, D. C., April 19, 1899. Hildebrant, Charles Quinn, a Representative from Ohio; born in Wilmington, Ohio, October 17, 1864; attended the public schools and Ohio state university, Columbus; elected clerk of the courts of Clinton county in 1890, and reelected in 1893 and 1896; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905); interested in business and in agricultural pursuits in Wilmington, Ohio. Hill, Benjamin Harvey, a Representative and a Senator from Georgia; born in Jasper county, Ga., September 14, 1823; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the University of Georgia, at Athens, in 1844; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice in La Grange, Ga.; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1851, 1859, and 1860; presidential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1861; delegate to the state convention in 1861, and advo- cated the Union until the secession ordinance had been adopted; delegate to the Confederate pro- visional congress of 1861; senator in the Confeder- ate congress until the close of the war; elected as a Democrat to Forty-fourth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Garrett McMillan; reelected to the Forty-fifth Congress, and served from December 6, 1875, until March 4, 1877, when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1877, until his death, in Atlanta, Ga., August 16, 1882. Hill, Charles Augustus, a Representative from Illinois; born in Truxton, Cortland county, N. Y., August 23, 1833; attended common schools and a select school in Griffins Mills; in the spring of 1854 located in Will county, 111., and taught school for several years; in 1856 attended Bell's commercial college, Chicago; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; returned to Will county, 111., in 1860, and practiced; enlisted in company F, eighth Illinois cavalry, in/Yugust, 1862; appointed first lieutenant first regiment United States colored troops; commis- sioned in 1865 captain of company C of that regi- ment; after the war served for some time on detached duty as a member of a court-martial sit- ting in Newbern, N. C.; commanded a separate post at Elizabeth City, N. C., and mustered out September 29, 1865; returned to Will county, III., in 1865, and practiced law in Joliet; elected state attorney in 1868 for the counties of Will and Grundy, and declined a renomi nation; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); resumed the practice of law in Joliet, 111.; in December, 1896, appointed assist- ant attorney general of Illinois; died in Joliet, 111., May 29, 1902. Hill, Clement S., a Representative from Ken- tucky; a native of Kentucky; elected as an Inde- pendent Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Hill, David Bennett, a Senator from New York; born in Havana, Chemung (now Schuyler) county, N. Y., August 29, 1843; was graduated from the Havana academy; studied law in Elmira, and was BIOGRAPHIES. 727 admitted to the bar in November, 1864; city attor- ney the same year; served from Chemung county in the state assembly in 1871 and 1872; president of the Democratic state conventions of 1877 and 1881; mayor of Elmira in 1882; delegate in the national Democratic convention of 1884; presi- dent of the New York state bar association in 188G and 1887; chosen lieutenant governor of the state in November, 1882; became governor on the resig- nation of Grover Cleveland, in January, 1885; elected governor in November, 1885; reelected in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; presented credentials December 17, 1891; qualified January 7, 1892, and served until March 3, 1897 ; resumed the practice of law; died in Albany, N. Y., October 20, 1910. Hill, Ebenezer J., a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Redding, Conn., August 4, 1845; attended the public school in Norwalk, and Yale 1865-1866; in 1863 joined the army as civilian, and remained until the close of the war; engaged in business and banking in Norwalk; served twice as burgess of Norwalk, twice as chairman of the board of school visitors; delegate in the national Republican convention of 1884; member of the Connecticut senate 1886-1887 ; served one term on the Republican state central committee; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1909). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hill, Hugh Lawson White, a Representative from Tennessee; a native of Tennessee; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849). Hill, Isaac, a Senator from New Hampshire; born in West Cambridge (near Arlington), Mass., April 6, 1788; attended the common schools; in 1798 moved with his parents to Ashburn- ham, Mass.; apprenticed to a printer in Am- herst, N. H.; moved to Concord in 1809, where he purchased and for- twenty years edited the New Hampshire Patriot;" served several terms in both branches of the legislature; sec- ond comptroller of the United States Treasury 1829-1830; elected a United States Senator as a Democrat and served from March 4, 1831, to May 30, 1836, when he resigned; governor of New Hampshire 1836-1839; 1840-1841 was United States subtreasurer at Boston; returned to newspaper- publishing 1840-1847; died in Washington, D. C., March 22, 1851. Hill, John, a Representative from Virginia; born in New Canton, Buckingham county, Va., July 18, 1800; completed preparatory studies, and attended Washington and Lee university; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1821, and practiced; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841; member of Virginia constitutional convention of 1850; commonwealth attorney for several years, and county judge 1870-1879; died in Buckingham C. H., Va., April 19, 1880. Hill, John, a Representative from North Caro- lina; born in Stokes county, N. C., April 9, 1797; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1816; member of the North Carolina house of commons 1819-1822 and of the state senate 1823-1831; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); reading clerk in the senate of North Carolina in 1850; delegate in the state .constitutional convention of 1861; died in Raleigh, N. C., May 25, 1861. Hill, John, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Catskill, N. Y., June 10, 1821; attended a private school; engaged in mercantile pursuits; located in Boonton, N. J. ; held several local offices; postmaster 1849-1853; member of the state assem- bly 1861-1862 and 1866 and served during the last year as speaker; elected to the Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1867- March 3, 1873); elected in 1874 to the state senate and served three years; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); died in Boonton, N. J., July 24, 1884. Hill, Joshua, a Representative and a Senator from Georgia; born in Abbeville district, S. C., January 10, 1812; attended the public schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Madison, Ga., where he began practice; elected as an American to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty- sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1857, to January 23, 1861, when he resigned; appointed collector of customs at Savannah in 1866 ; appointed register in bankruptcy in 1867; elected to the United States Senate and served from July 28, 1868, to March 3, 1873; member of the state con, stitutional convention of 1877; died in Madison- Ga., March 6, 1891. Hill, Mark Langdon, a Representative from Massachusetts, and from Maine; born in Bidde- ford, Mass, (now Maine), June 30, 1772; attended the public schools; served in both branches of the Massachusetts legislature; judge of the court of common pleas in 1810; elected from Massachusetts to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); elected from Maine to the Seventeenth Con- gress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); postmaster of Phippsburg; collector of customs at Bath; overseer of Bowdoin college several years; died in Phipps- burg, Me., November 26, 1842. Hill, Nathaniel Peter, a Senator from Colo- rado; born in Montgomery, N. Y., February 18, 1832; entered Brown university in Providence, R. I., in 1853; professor of chemistry in Brown uni- versity 1860-4864; visited Colorado in the spring of 1865, to investigate mineral resources of the "Gilpin grant;" spent a portion of 1865 and 1866 in Swansea, Wales, and Freiberg, Saxony, study- ing metallurgy; took up a permanent residence in Colorado in 1867 as manager of the Boston and Colo- rado Smelting company; member of the Territorial council in 1872 and 1873; elected to the United States Senate as a Republican, and served from March 4, 1879, to March 3, 1885; devoted himself to mining; owner and publisher of the Denver Republican; officer and director in many industrial corporations; member of commission appointed by President Benjmin Harrison in 1891 to consider the question of an international metal currency; died May 22, 1900, in Denver, Colo.: Hill, Ralph, a Representative from Indiana; born in Johnson cqunty, Ohio, October 12, 1827; pursued an academic course; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Columbus, Ind., where he began practice ; elected to the Thirty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); died in Indianapolis, Ind., August 20, 1899. Hill, Whitmill, a Delegate from North Carolina; born in Bertie county, N. C., February 12, 1743; was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania 728 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. in 1760; prominently connected with the early Revolutionary movements; delegate in the assem- bly of freemen in Hillsboro in 1775 and the state congress in Halifax in 1776; delegate in the state constitutional convention in 1776 ; member of the state house of commons in 1777 and of the state senate in 1778-1780, 1784-1785; Delegate in the Con- tinental Congress 1778-1781; died in Hills Ferry, Martin county, N. C., September 26, 1797. Tin, William David, a Representative from Ohio; born in Nelson county, Va., October 1, 1833; attended the country schools and Antioch college; studied law in Springfield, Ohio; admitted to the bar in 1860, and practiced; mayor of Springfield; member of the state house of representatives 1866- 1869; appointed superintendent of insurance by Governor Allen in 1875 and served three years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); reelected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887) ; resumed the practice of law in Defiance, Ohio; city solicitor of Defiance; died near Litchfield, 111., December 26, 1906. Hill, William H., a Representative from North Carolina; native of that state; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected to the Sixth and Sev- enth Congresses (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1803); died in 1809. Hill, Wilson Shedric, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Choctaw county, Miss., Janu- ary 19, 1863; attended the common schools and the University of Mississippi; studied law in the Cum- berland university, Lebanon, Tenn., and began practice in Winona, Miss., in 1884; member of the legislature in 1887; in 1891 elected district attorney for the fifth judicial district of Mississippi ; reelected in 1895 and 1899; elected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of law in Greenwood, Miss. Hillen, Solomon, jr., a Representative from Maryland ; born in Baltimore county, Md., in 1813; was "graduated from Georgetown college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Baltimore; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1834-1838; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); mayor of Baltimore 1842-1845. Hillhouse, James, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Montville, Conn., October 21, 1754; was graduated from Yale college in 1773; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in New Haven, Conn. ; served in the Revolutionary war, and in 1779 was captain of the Governor's foot-guards when New Haven was invaded by the British under Tryon; was a representative in the state legislature 1780- 1789; in the council 1789-1791; elected as a Feder- alist to the Second and Third Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1795); elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Oliver Ellsworth; reelected in 1797, 1803, and 1809, and served from May 12, 1796, to June 10, 1810, when he resigned to become commissioner of the school fund, which position he held until 1825; was elected President of the Senate pro tempore Febru- ary 28, 1801; member of the Hartford convention; treasurer of Yale college 1782-1832; died in New Haven, Conn., December 29, 1832. Hillhouse, William, a Delegate from Connec- ticut; born in Montville, Conn., August 25, 1728; received a liberal schooling; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served fifty years in the colo- nial and state house of representatives; judge of the court of common pleas for forty years; major in the second regiment of Connecticut cavalry in the Revolution; Delegate in the Continental Con- gress 1783-1786; died January 12, 1816, in Mont- ville, Conn. Hilliard, Henry Washington, a Representa- tive from Alabama; born in Fayetteville, N. C., August 4, 1808; was graduated from the South Carolina college in 1826 ; studied law and moved to Athens, Ga., where he was admitted to the bar in 1829; professor in the University of Alabama 1831- 1834, when he resigned to practice law in Mont- gomery; elected to the state legislature 1836-1838; member of the Whig national convention in 1839, and in 1840 a Whig presidential elector; charg6 d'affaires to Belgium May 12, 1842, to August 15, 1844; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1851); served in the Confederate army; moved to Georgia; defeated as the Repub- lican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress; ap- pointed by Jefferson Davis Confederate commis- sioner to Tennessee; served as a brigadier-general in the Confederate army; resumed practice in Augusta, Ga.; then moved to Atlanta; United States minister to Brazil 1877-1881; died in Atlanta, Ga., December 17, 1892. Hillyer, Junius, a Representative from Georgia; born in Wilkes county, Ga., April 23, 1807; was graduated from the State University at Athens in 1828; studied law and admitted to the bar; began practicing in Athens; elected solicitor-general for the western district of Georgia in 1834; circuit judge 1841-1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); solicitor of the United States Treasury December 1, 1857, to February 13, 1861, when he resigned; died in Decatur, Ga., June 21, 1886. Hindman, Thomas Cannichael, a Represent- ative from Arkansas; born in Knoxville, Tenn., January 28, 1829; removed with parents to Ripley. Miss. ; attended the public schools; was a student m Princeton university at the beginning of the war with Mexico; served as a lieutenant in the Mexican war with the Mississippi volunteers; returned to Ripley, Miss., studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Mississippi; moved to Helena, Ark, in 1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); appointed brigadier-general in the Con- federate army September 28, 1861, and major general in 1862; served throughout the war; resided in the City of Mexico until 1868, when he returned to Helena, Ark., where he was assassinated Sep- tember 28, 1868. Hindman, William, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland ; born in Dorchester county, Md., April 1, 1743; pursued classical studies; was graduated from the Inns of Court, London, Eng- land; returned to the United States and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1765; was secretary of the Talbot (Md.) county "committee of observation" in 1775, and was designated to carry out the de- clarations of the "council of safety"; sat in the state convention of 1775; treasurer of the Eastern Shore 1775-1777; member of the state senate 1777- 1784; member of the Continental Congress 1784- 1788; member of the executive council 1789-1792; BIOGRAPHIES. 729 elected to the Second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Joshua Seney; reelected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Con- gresses, and served from January 30, 1793, to March 3, 1799; member of the state legislature 1799-1800; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Lloyd, and at expiration of the term was appointed to fill vacancy caused by the failure to elect a successor; served from December 12, 1800, to November 19, 1801; died in Baltimore, Md., January 19, 1822, Hinds, James, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Hebron, N. Y., December 5, 1833; com- pleted a preparatory course; studied law; was graduated from the Cincinnati law college in 1856; admitted to the bar, and began practice in Minne- sota; served in the Union army as a private; settled in Little Rock, Ark. ; delegate to the state constitu- tional convention; appointed as a commissioner to to codify the state laws; elected to the Fortieth Con- gress, and served from June 24, 1868, until his death in Monroe, Ark., October 22, 1868. Hinds, Thomas, a Representative from Missis- sippi; born in 1775; located in Greenville, Miss.; served in the War of 1812; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Haile; reelected to the Twenty-first Congress, and served from De- cember 8, 1828, to March 3, 1831; died in Green- ville, Miss., August 23, 1840. Hines, Richard, a Representative from North Carolina; native of Edgecombe county, N. C.; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825- March 3, 1827); moved to Raleigh, N. C., where he died November, 1851. Hines, William Henry, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 15, 1856; attended the public schools and Wyoming seminary; admitted to the bar in Luzerne county in 1881; member of the state house of representa- tives 1879-1880 and 1883-1884; state senator 1888- 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Wilkes-Barre, Pa. Hinrichsen, William H., a Representative from Illinois; born in Franklin, 111., May 27, 1850; attended the public schools and the State Univer- sity in Champaign, 111. ; elected justice of the peace in 1871 and reelected in 1873; appointed deputy sheriff of his county in 1874, and served three terms in that position; elected sheriff in 1880; clerk of the house of representatives of Illinois in 1891; secre- tary of state in 1892; delegate at large to the Demo- cratic national convention of 1896; served as a member of the Democratic state committee many years, and was chairman in 1895; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); died December 18, 1907. Hinshaw, Edmund Howard, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Greensboro, Ind., Decem- ber 8, 1860; was graduated from Butler college, Indianapolis in 1885; moved to Fairbury, Nebr., and was superintendent of the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1887, and commenced practice in Fairbury, Nebr.; held various municipal and county offices, and in 1898 was nominated for Congress by the Republicans, but was defeated ; candidate for the United States Senate in 1901, but, after a contest lasting three months, withdrew; was elected to the Fifty-eighth Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911); resumed the prac- tice of law in Fairbury, Nebr. Hires, George, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Salem county, N. J., January 26 1835; attended the common schools and received a commercial training; engaged in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits; elected sheriff of Salem county in 1867, 1868, and 1869; state senator 1881- 1884; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Salem, N. J., February 16, 1911. Hiscock, Frank, a Representative and a Senator from New York; born in Pompey, N. Y., September 6, 1834; pursued academic studies; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1855, and commenced prac- tice in Tully, Onondaga county; elected district attorney of Onondaga county; serving from 1860 to 1863; member of the state constitutional conven- tion in 1867; elected as a Republican to the Forty- fifth, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1889); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1887, to March 3, 1893; a practicing lawyer in Syracuse, N. Y. Hise, Elijah, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Allegheny county, Pa., July 4, 1802; went with parents to Russellville, Logan county, Ky., when young; completed preparatory studies; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; member of the state legislature in 1829; defeated as Demo- cratic candidate for lieutenant-governor in 1836; charg6 d'affaires to Guatemala, March 31, 1848, to June 21, 1849; presidential elector on the Demo- cratic ticket in 1856; was chief justice of the court of appeals of Kentucky; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Henry Grider; reelected to the Fortieth Congress, and served from December 3, 1866, until his death in Russellville, Ky., May 8, 1867. Hitchcock, Gilbert Monell, a Representative and a Senator from Nebraska; born in Omaha, Nebr., September 18, 1859; attended public schools of Omaha, and the more advanced schools of Baden Baden, Germany; was grad- uated from the law department of Michigan university in 1881; was admitted to the bar, and practiced until August, 1885, when he established and edited the Omaha Evening World; purchased the Morning Herald in 1889, and consolidated the two into the present Morning and Evening World- Herald ; elected to the Fifty -eighth Congress, March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905); defeated for the Fifty-ninth and reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911); elected to the United States Senate January 18, 1911, for the term ending March 3, 1917. Hitchcock, Peter, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cheshire, Conn., October 19, 1781; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Yale col- lege in 1801; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1804, and began practice in Cheshire; moved to Geauga county, Ohio, in 1806; state representative in 1810 and state senator 1812-1816, and served as its president one term; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); judge of the supreme court of Ohio 1824-1852; a portion of that time was chief justice; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1850; died in Paines- ville, Ohio, March 4, 1854; interment in Burton, Ohio. CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. Hitchcock, Fhineas Warren, a Delegate and a Senator from Nebraska; born in New Lebanon, N. Y., November 30, 1831; attended the com- mon schools, and was graduated from Williams college, Massachusetts, in 1855; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Omaha, Nebr., in 1857; delegate to the Republi- can convention in Chicago in 1860; appointed United States marshal in 1861; resigned in 1864; was elected as a Republican delegate to the Thirty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); two years surveyor-general of Nebraska; elected United States Senator, and served from Ma^ch 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877; died in Omaha, Nebr., July 10, 1881. Hitt, Robert Roberts, a Representative from Illinois; born in Urbana, Ohio, January 16, 1834; moved to Ogle county, 111., in 1837; attended the Rock River seminary (now Mount Morris college) and De Pauw university; reported Lincoln-Douglas debates in 1858; first secretary of legation and charge d'affaires ad interim in Paris from December '1874, until March, 1881; Assistant Secretary of , State in 1881 ; regent of the Smithsonian institution ; commissioner to the Hawaiian Islands in 1898; elected to the Forty -seventh Congress November 7, 1882, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Robert M. A. Hawk; elected as a Republican to the Forty- eighth, and to the eleven succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1883, until his death in Narragansett Pier, Rhode Island, September 19, 1906; interment in Mt. Morris, 111. Hoag, Truman H., a Representative from Ohio; born in Manlius, N. Y., April 9, 1816; attended the public schools; a clerk in a store in Syracuse 1832- 1839; in the steamboat business on Lake Ontario in 1842, moving to Toledo, Ohio, in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress, and served from March 4, 1869, until his death in Washington, D. C., February 5, 1870. Hoagland, Moses, a Representative from Ohio; native of Ohio; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced prac- tice in Millersburg, Ohio; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); appointed United States judge for Washing- ton Territory. Hoar, Ebenezer Rockwood, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Concord, Mass., Feb- ruary 21, 1816; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Harvard College in 1835; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and began practice in Concord and Boston, Mass.; elected state senator in 1846 as an antislavery Whig; jxidge of the court of common pleas 1849-1855; judge of the state supreme court 1859-1869; Attorney General of the L T nited States March, 1869, until his resignation, June, 1870; member of the joint high commission which framed the treaty of Washington in 1871; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); member of the board of overseers of Harvard college 1868- 1882; died in Concord, Mass., January 31, 1895. Hoar, George Frisbie, a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Concord, Mass., August 29, 1826; attended Concord acad- emy; was graduated from Harvard college in 1846; studied law and was graduated from the Dane law school, Harvard university; settled in Worcester, Mass., where he practiced; city solicitor in 1860; member of the state house of representatives in 1852 and of the state senate in 1857; elected to the Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty -third, and Forty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1877); overseer of Harvard college 1874-1880, J 896-1 906; president of the association of the Alumni of Har- vard; presided over the Massachusetts state Repub- lican conventions of 1871, 1877, 1882, and 1885; delegate to the Republican national conventions of 1876, 1880, 1884, and 1888; presiding over the convention of 1880; chairman of the Massachu- setts delegation in 1880, 1884, and 1888; one of the managers on the part of the House of Representa- tives in the Belknap impeachment trial of 1876; member of the electoral commission in 1876; regent of the Smithsonian Institution in 1880; elected to the United States Senate as a Republican; took his seat March 5, 1877, and reelected in 1883, 1889, 1895, and 1901; died in Worcester, Mass., Septem- ber 30, 1904; interment in Sleepy Hollow cemetery, Concord, Mass. Hoar, Rockwood, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Worcester, Mass., Augsut 24, 1855; fitted for college in the Worcester public schools and was graduated from Harvard in 1876; admitted to the bar in 1879 and practiced law in Worcester; assistant district attorney for the mid- dle district of Massachusetts 1884-1887; member of the common council of Worcester 1887-1891; aid-de-camp on the staff of Governor Oliver Ames 1887-1890; judge-advocate-general on the staff of Governor Roger Wolcott 1887-1890; district attor- ney from January, 1899, to January, 1905; trustee of Clark university of Worcester, Mass., and trustee for twenty years of the Worcester insane hospital; elected to the Fifty-ninth Congress and served from March 1, 1905, until his death in Worcester, Mass., November 1, 1906. Hoar, Samuel, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Lincoln, Mass., May 18, 1778; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Harvard in 1802; for two years a private tutor in Virginia; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1805, and began practice in Concord, Mass.; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1820; state senator in 1825 and 1833; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837;) in 1844 was sent by the state legislature to South Carolina to test the constitu- tionality of certain acts, and on the day of his arrival, December 5, 1844, the legislature of South Carolina passed resolutions expelling him from the city of Charleston; died at Concord, Mass., Novem- ber 2, 1856. Hoar, Sherman, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Concord, Mass., July 30, 1860; attended the public schools and Phillips Exeter academy, Harvard university, and Harvard law school; was admitted to the bar and practiced in Concord; trustee of the Phillips Exeter academy and director of the American Unitarian association; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); United States dis- trict attorney for the district of Massachusetts 1893- 1897; president of the Young Men's Democratic club of Massachusetts in 1884; director of the Mas- sachusetts Volunteer Aid association in the war with Spain, and served in army hospitals in the South; died in Concord, Mass, October 7, 1898. Hoard, Charles Brooks, a Representative from New York; born in Springfield, Vt., June 5, 1805; attended the public schools; moved to Antwerp, N. Y., where he was postmaster during the admin- istrations of Jackson and Van Buren; state repre- BIOGRAPHIES. 731 sentative in 1837; moved to Watertown, N. Y., in January, 1844; clerk of Jefferson county 1844-1846; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); convetred factory into an armory for the manufacture of arms for the Government in 1861; moved to West Virginia in 1870; died in Ceredo, W. Va., November 20, 1886. Hobart, Aaron, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Abington, Mass, June 26, 1787; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Brown university in 1805; studied law in East Bridgewater, Mass.; was admitted to the bar in 1819, and began practice in Abington; resumed practice in Hanover in 1811; in 1824 moved to East Bridgewater; state representative in 1814, and state senator in 1819; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Cabdiel Sampson; reelected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Con- gresses, and served from December 18, 1820, to March 3, 1827; executive councilor 1827-1831; judge of probate 1843-1858; died in East Bridge- water, Mass., September 19, 1858. Hobart, John Sloss, a Delegate and a Senator from New York; born in Fairfield, Conn.; May 6, 1738, was graduated from Yale college in 1757; studied law^was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in the state of New York; deputy to the pro- vincial convention of 1775; delegate to the provin- cial congress 1775-1777; member of the council of safety in 1777; a puisne justice of the supreme court 1777-1798; member of the state convention of 1788 to consider the Federal constitution; member of the Hartford convention of ]780; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Philip Schuyler, and served from January 11, 1789, to April 16, 1798, when he resigned to ac- cept the appointment as judge of the United States district court of New York; died February 4, 1805. Hobble, Selah Reeve, a Representative from New York; born in Newburgh, N. Y., March 10, 1797; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Delhi, N. Y.; district attorney of Delaware county, 1823-1827; served in the mil- itia; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenti- eth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); sec- ond assistant Postmaster General 1829-1836;, and first assistant 1836-1851; resigned on account of ill health ; again first assistant Postmaster General March 22, 1853, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 23, 1854. Hoblitzell, Fetter S., a Representative fro'n Maryland; born in Cumberland, Md., October 7, 1838; attended the Allegany academy; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Baltimore in 1859; served as a private in the first Maryland regiment of infantry, Confederate army; at the close of the war resumed the practice of law; elected a member of the legislature in 1870 and 1876, and reelected in 1878, and was speaker of the house of delegates; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4," 1881-March 3, 1885). Hobson, Richard Pearson, a Representative from Alabama; born in Greensboro, Ala., August 17, 1870; attended the Southern university, the United States naval academy, the French national school of naval design; served in the United States navy from 1885 to 1903; Democratic elector at large, Alabama, in 1904; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hodges, Asa, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Lawrence county, Ala., January 22, 1822; moved to Marion, Ark.; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1849 and practiced until 1860; dele- gate in the state constitutional convention of 1867; state representative in 1868, and state senator 1870- 1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died near Marion, Ark., June 6, 1900. Hodges, Charles D., a Representative from Illinois; elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Thomas L. Harris, and served from January, 1859, to March 3, 1859. Hodges, George Tisdale, a Representative from Vermont; born in Clarendon, Vt., July 4, 1789; attended the common schools- engaged in business in Rutland, Vt. ; member of the state house* of representatives 1827-1829, and 1839-1840; state senator 1845-1847, and president pro tempore of the senate 1846-1847 ; presidential elector in 1848; presi- dent of the Bank of Rutland for over twenty-five years; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Meacham, and served from December 1, 1856, to March 3, 1857; died in Rutland, Vt., Au- gust 9, 1860. Hodges, James Leonard, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Taunton, Bristol county, Mass., April 24, 1790; attended the com- mon schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar; a bank cashier, and postmaster of Taunton; member of the state constitutional convention of 1820; state senate 1823-1824; elected to the Twentieth, Twenty first, and Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1827- March 3, 1833); died in Taunton, Bristol county, Mass., March 8, 1846. Hoffecker, John Henry, a Representative from Delaware; born at Mansion House, near Smyrna, Del., September 12, 1827; attended public and private schools and was graduated in civil engin- eering; began practice in Smyrna in 1853; elected delegate to the Republican national convention in Cincinnati in 1876, and in Chicago in 1884; elected a member of the general assembly in 1888, and on January 1, 1889, chosen speaker of the house of representatives; elected president of town council in 1878, and served continuously by reelec- tion to 1898; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1899, until his death in Smyrna, Del., June 16, 1900. Hoffecker, Walter Oakley, a Representative from Delaware; bom near Smyrna, Del., Septem- ber 20, 1854; attended public schools; was gradu- ated from Smyrna seminary in 1872; in September, 1873, entered Lehigh university; studied civil en- gineering and followed that profession; president of Philadelphia and Smyrna transportation com- pany; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of his father and served from December 3, 1900, until March 3, 1091; resumed business activities in Smyrna, Del. Hoffman, Henry William, a Representative from Maryland; born in Cumberland, Md., Novem- ber 10, 1825; attended the public schools, the Allegheny county academy, and was graduated 732 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. from Jefferson sounty, Pa., in 1846; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1848; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, ISS^MarchS, 1857); defeated for reelec- tion to the Thirty-fifth Congress; elected Sergeant at Arms of the House in the Thirty-sixth Congress; collector of customs in Baltimore 1861-1866; asso- ciate judge of the sixth Maryland circuit; died in Cumberland, Md., July 28, 1895. Hoffman, Michael, a Representative from New York; born in Half Moon, Saratoga county, N. Y., October 11, 1787; completed academic studies; studied medicine and law; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Herkimer, N. Y.; dis- trict attorney 1823-1825; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1833); county judge 1830-1833; canal commissioner of New York 1833-1835; register of the land office at Saginaw, Mich., in 1836; returned to Herkimer, N. Y. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1841, 1842, and 1844; delegate to the state con- stitutional convention of 1846; naval officer of New York City from May 3, 1845, until his death, in Brooklyn, N. Y., September 27, 1848. Hoffman, Ogden, a Representative from New York; born in New York City October 13, 1794; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Columbia college in 181 2; served for three years in the navy, and was warranted a midshipman in 1814; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Goshen, Orange county; district attorney of that county 1823; member of the legis- lature in 1825; returned to New York City; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1826 and 1828; district attorney of the city and county of New York 1829-1835; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); United States district at- torney at New York 1841-1845; attorney general of the state November 8, 1853, to November 7, 1855; died in New York City May 1, 1856. Hogan, John, a Representative from Missouri; born in Mallow, county Cork, Ireland, January 2, 1805; emigrated to the United States in 1817; lo- cated in Baltimore, Md.; apprenticed to learn the shoemaker's trade; received a limited schooling; went West in 1826, and in 1831 entered business in Madison, 111.; president of the Illinois board of public works 1834-1837; member of the state legis- lature in 1836; register of the land office at Dixon, 111., 1841-1845; moved to St. Louis, Mo., and en- gaged in business; postmaster of St. Louis 1857- 1861; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867). Hogan, William, a Representative from New York; born in New York City in 1792; when young went to Cape Colony, where he learned the Dutch language; returned to New York; pursued class- ical studies, and was graduated from Columbia col- lege; studied law and was admitted to the bar; founded the town of Hogansburg, Franklin county; member of the state house of rep es -ntatives in 1823 ; county judge of the county; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); county judge 1829-1837; died in Washington, D. C., November 25, 1874. Hoge, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born near Carlisle, Pa., September 10, 1760; pursued English studies; served in the Revolu- tionary war as ensign of the ninth Pennsylvania regiment; moved to western Pennsylvania in 1782, here his fathe , David Hoge, had founded the town of Washington the previou's year; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1790; member of the state senate 1790-1794; elected to the Eighth Congress, to fil'. vacancy caused by the resignation of his brother, William Hoge, and served from November 27, 1804, to March 3, 1805; died near Washington, Pa., August 4, 1824. Hoge, John Blair, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Richmond, Va., February 2, 1825; studied law, was admitted to the bar in April, 1845; chosen president of the Bank of Berkeley, in Virginia, in 1853; served in the Vir- ginia house of delegates 1855 to 1859; delegate from Virginia to the Democratic convention of 1860 in Charleston and Baltimore; entered the Confed- erate service, and served in line and staff until paroled in 1865; subsequently engaged in jour- nalism; resumed the practice of law in West Vir- ginia in 1870; elected to the constitutional conven- tion of that state in 1871; member of the national Democratic committee 1872-1876; judge of the third judicial circuit in 1872, which office he re- signed in August, 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); appointed United States district attorney for the District of Columbia; died in Martinsburg, W. Va., March 1, 1896. Hoge, Joseph Pendleton, a Representative from Illinois; born in Steubenville, Ohio, Decem- ber 15, 1810; attended the common schools and was graduated from Jefferson college; moved to Illinois and located in Galena in 1836; studied law and was admitted to the bar; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); moved to California in 1853 and was presi- dent of the state constitutional convention of 1878, and of the board of freeholders in 1880; judge of the superior court from January 1, 1889, until his death, in San Francisco, Cal., August 14, 1891. Hoge, Solomon La Fayette, a Representa- tive from South Carolina; born in Logan county, Ohio, July 11, 1836; received a classical education; studied law, was graduated from the Cincinnati law school in 1859, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Belief on taine, Ohio; entered the Union Army in 1861 as first lieutenant in the Ohio volun- teer infantry and promoted to captain ; elected as- sociate justice of the state supreme court; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); comptroller general of South Carolina 1874-1875; reelected to the Forty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); moved to Kenton, Ohio, in September, 1877, and practiced law until 1882; president of the first national bank of Kenton; died in Battle Creek, Mich., February 23, 1909. Hoge, William, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born near Carlisle, Pa., in 1762; received a limited schooling; moved to western Pennsylvania in 1782, and with his brother, John, founded the town of Washington, Pa.; elected to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1801, until his resignation in 1804; elected to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809); died in Washington, Pa., September 25, 1814. Hogeboom, James L., a Representative from New York; a member of the state house of represen- tatives in 1804-1805 and 1808; judge of Rensselaer BIOGRAPHIES. 733 county 1805-1808; member of the state constitu- tional convention of 1821; elected to the Eighth- eenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825). Hogg, Charles Edgar, a Representative from West Virginia; born near Point Pleasant, W. Va., December 21, 1852; attended the common schools, and Carl ton college; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in May, 1875; served four years as county superintendent of free schools of Mason county, 1875-1879; Democratic presiden- tial elector in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); resumed the practice of law in Point Pleasant, W. Va. Hogg, Herschel Millard, a Representative from Colorado; born in Youngstown, Ohio, Novem- ber 21, 1853; was graduated from Monmouth col- lege, Illinois, June, 1876; admitted to practice law by the supreme court of Illinois, June 17, 1878; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907); resumed the practice of law in Cortez, Colo. Hogg, Samuel, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Caswell county, N. C., April 18, 1783; studied medicine and located in Smith county, Tenn., and practiced; moved to Lebanon county, Tenn.; commissioned a surgeon in a Ten- nessee regiment of volunteers in 1812, and was at the battle of New Orleans, January 8, 1815; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); president of the state medical society of Tennessee in 1840; died in Davidson county, Tenn., May 28, 1842. Holbrook, E. D., a Delegate from Idaho; born in Elyria, Ohio, in 1836; attended the public schools; studied law and was admitted to practice; removed to Idaho City, Idaho; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); died in Idaho City, Idaho, June 18, 1870. Holcombe, George, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Lambertsville, N. J., in 1786; com- pleted preparatory studies and in 1805 was gradu- ated from Princeton college; studied medicine and began practice in Allentown, N. J.; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Seven- teenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1821, until his death, in Allentown, N. J., January 14, 1828. Holladay, Alexander Richmond, a Represen- tative from Virginia; born in Prospect Hill, Spot- Bylvania county, Va. , September 18, 1811 ; attended the public schools, received special training under John Lewis of Spottsylvania county, and attended the University of Virginia; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Spottsylvania, Orange, and Louisa counties; member of the state legislature, and held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1853); declined a renomination; moved to Richmond, Va., in 1853, and practiced law; president of the Virginia board of public works 1857-1861; died in Richmond, Va., January 29, 1877. Holland, Cornelius, a Representative from Maine; born in Maine, July 9, 1783; studied medi- cine and practiced in Canton, Me.; a delegate to the constitutional convention in 1819 that estab- lished the state of Maine; member of the state house of representatives 1820 and 1821, and of the state senate 1822, 1825, and 1826; elected to the Twenty- first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of James W. Ripley; reelected to the Twen- ty-second Congress, and served from December 6 1830, to March 3, 1833; died in Canton, Me., June 2, 1870. Holland, James, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Tryon county, N. C., in 1754; received a limited schooling; studied law and was admitted to the bar; held several local offices; elected to the Fourth Congress (March 4, 1795- March 3, 1797); reelected to the Seventh and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1811). Holleman, Joel, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Isle of Wight county, Va., October 1, 1799; completed preparatory studies; studied law; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Burwell Bay; elected as a Van Buren Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1839, until 1840, when he resigned; again elected a member of the state house of representa- tives and served as speaker; died in Smithfield, Va., August 5, 1844. Holley, John M., a Representative from New York; born in Salisbury, Conn., November, 1802; was graduated from Yale college in 1822; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1825, and began practice in Lyons, N. Y.; served in the state house of representatives 1838-1841; district attorney of Wayne county 1842-1845; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress, and served from December 6, 1847, until his death in Jacksonville, Fla., March 8, 1848. Holliday, Elias Selah, a Representative from Indiana; born in Aurora, Ind., March 5, 1842; spent the early part of life on farms in Indiana, Missouri, and Iowa; attended the common schools, and was a teacher in the public schools of Iowa; enlisted in the Civil war in the fifth Kansas regiment, and served until August 12, 1864, when he was mus- tered out with the rank of first sergeant; attended Harts ville college and studied law; moved to Carbon, Clay county, in 1873; was admitted to the bar and practiced; located in Brazil, Ind., in 1874; elected mayor three times; presidential elector on the Elaine ticket; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Six- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1909); re- sumed the practice of law in Brazil, Ind. Hollingsworth, David A., a Representative from Ohio; born in Belmont, Belmont county, Ohio, November 21, 1844 ; moved with parents to Flushing, Ohio; attended public schools and Mount Union college; served in the Union army in company B, twenty-fifth Ohio volunteer infantry; studied law, and was admitted to the bar September 17, 1867, in St. Glairs ville, Ohio; mayor of Flushing the same year; located in Cadiz, Ohio, and began the prac- tice of law in September, 1869; elected prosecuting attorney of Harrison county in 1873, and reelected in 1875; in 1879 was elected state senator, and re- elected in 1881; chairman of the Ohio Republican state convention in 1882; appointed attorney gen- eral of Ohio in 1883; declined to be a candidate for election, and at the close of his term, January 14, 1884, resumed the practice of law in Cadiz; one of the organizers of the Ohio state bar association, and in 1908 acted as its chairman; elected as a Republi- can to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909- 734 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. March 3, 1911); defeated for reelection; resumed the practice of law in Cadiz, Ohio. Hollo way, David. P., a Representative from Indiana; born in Waynesville, Ohio, December 6, 1809; moved with his parents to Cincinnati in 1813; attended the common schools; apprentice to a printer, and for four years worked on the Cincin- nati Gazette; established the Richmond Palladium in 1832; served in both branches of the Indiana state legislature 1843-1853; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855- March 3, 1857); Commissioner of Patents from March 28, 1861, to August 17, 1865; died in Wash- ington, D. C., September 10, 1883. Holman, William Steele, a Representative from Indiana; born in Dearborn county, Ind., Sep- tember 6, 1822; attended the common schools, and Franklin college, Indiana, for two years; studied and practiced law; judge of probate 1843-1846; prosecuting attorney 1847-1849; member of the constitutional convention of Indiana in 1850; member of the legislature in 1851-1852; judge of the court of common pleas 1852-1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1865); reelected to the Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty- second, Forty -third, and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1877); reelected to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty -ninth, Fif- tieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1895); again elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress and served from March 4, 1897, until his death in Washington, D. C., April 22, 1897. Holmes, Adoniram Judson, a Representative from Iowa; born in Wayne county, Ohio, March 2, 1842; moved with his parents to Palmyra, Wis., in 1853; pursued an academic course; entered Milton college, Wisconsin, but left in 1862 to enter the Union Army, where he served until the close of the war; studied law in Janesville and was admitted to the bar; afterwards was graduated from the law department of the university of Michigan in 1867 ; commenced practice in Boone, Iowa, in 1868; member of the state house of representatives 1882- 1883; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889); was Sergeant at arms of the National House of Representatives in the Fifty- first Congress; resumed the practice of law in Boone, Iowa. Holmes, David, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Mary Ann Furnace, York county, Pa., March 10, 1770; pursued classical studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; held several local offices; elected to the Fifth, and to the five succeed- ing Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1809); ap- pointed by President Jefferson governor of the Territory of Mississippi March 7, 1809, and served from July 1, 1809 to 1817, and governor of the state of Mississippi October 7, 1817-January 5, 1820; appointed from Mississippi to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Walter Leake, subsequently elected, and served from August 30, 1820, to September 25, 1825, when he resigned; returned to Winchester, Va., in 1827; died in Jordon's Sulphur Springs, Va., August 20, 1832; interment in Winchester, Va. Holmes, Ellas Bellows, a Representative from New York; born in Fletcher, Vt., May 27, 1807; attended the public schools; attended a law school in Pittsfield, N. Y., and in 1830 was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Brockport, N. Y. in 1831; elected as a Whig to the Twenty -ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); died in Brockport, N. Y., July 31, 1866. Holmes, Gabriel, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Sampson county, N. C., in 1769; attended Harvard college; studied law in Raleigh, N. C., was admitted to the bar and began practice in Clinton, N. C.; served in the state legislature 1793-1813; governor of North Carolina 1821-1824; elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty- first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1825, until his death, near Clinton, N. C., September 26, 1829 Holmes, Isaac Edward, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., April 6, 1796; was graduated from Yale college in 1815; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Charleston; served in the state legis- lature in 1826-1833; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and to the five succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1851); moved to California in 1851 and practiced law until 1857, when he returned to South Carolina; was appointed a commissioner of the state to confer with the Fed- eral Government; died in Charleston, S. C., Feb- ruary 24, 1867. Holmes, John, a Representative from Massa- chusetts and a Senator from Maine; born in Kings- ton, Mass., March 14, 1773; was graduated from Brown university in 1796; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar in 1799, and began practice in Alfred, Mass, (now Maine); served in both branches of the Massachusetts legislature; elected as a Democrat from Massachusetts to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1817, to March 15, 1820, when he resigned; delegate to the Maine constitutional convention; elected to the United States Senate from Maine, and served from June 13, 1820, to March 3, 1827; again elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Albion K. Parris, and served from January 15, 1829, to March 3, 1833; member of the state house of representatives 1835-1838 ; appointed United States attorney in 1841, and served until his death in Portland, Me.; July 7, 1843. Holmes, Sidney T., a Representative from New York; born in Schaghticoke, N. Y., August 7, 1815; completed preparatory studies; studied law, in 1841 was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Morrisville; loan commissioner for Madison county 1848-1851; surrogate for Madison county 1851-1864; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); died in Bay City, Mich., February 17, 1890; interment in Morris- ville, N. Y. Holmes, Uriel, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in East Haddam, Conn., August 26, 1764; moved with parents to Hartland, Conn.; at- tended common schools, and was graduated from Yale college, in 1784; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Litchfield, Conn.; mem- ber of state legislature 1803-1814; judge of the Litch- field county court 1814-1817; elected to the Fif- teenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1817, until 1818, when he resigned ; died in Canton, Conn., May 18, 1827; interment in Litchfield, Conn. Holsey, Hopkins, a Representative from Geor- gia; born in Virginia in 1799; received a good Eng- BIOGKAPHIES. 735 lish training; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Georgia, and located in Hamilton, where he began practice; held several local offices; elected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); 'moved to Athens, Ga., and engaged in the newspaper busi- ness; died in Columbus, Ga., March 31, 1859. Holt, Hines, a Representative from Georgia; a native of that state; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Columbus, Ga.; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Walter T. Colquitt, and served from February 1, 1841, to March 3, 1841; member of the state senate in 1859; member of the first Con- federate congress 1862-1864; member of the consti- tutional convention of 1865; died in Columbus, Ga. Holt, Orrin, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Willington, Conn., March 13, 1792 ; received a limited schooling; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representa- tives 1830-1832 ; state senator in 1835, and resigned ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); interested in military organizations of the state and held official ranks up to inspector gen- eral; died in Willington, Conn., June 20, 1855. Holton, Samuel, a Delegate and a Representa- tive from Massachusetts; born in Danvers, Mass., June 9, 1738; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine and practiced; member of the state house of representatives for nine years; state senator for five years; member of the governor's council twelve years; a member of the Continental Congress 1778-1787; elected president pro tempore August 17, 1785; member of state constitutional convention of 1788; elected to the Third Congress March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795); judge of the probate court for Essex county for a number of years; died in Danvers, Mass., January 2, 1816. Holton, Hart Benton, a Representative from Maryland; born in Cecil county, Md., October 13 1835; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Woodlawn, Md., January 4, 1907. Hook, Enos, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Waynesburg, Greene county, Pa., December 3, 1804; received a limited schooling; member of the state legislature one term; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty- seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1839, until April 18, 1841, when he resigned; died in Waynesburg, Pa., July 15, 1841. Hooker Charles Edward, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Union district, S. C., in 1825; was graduated from the Cambridge law school; moved to Jackson, Miss., and entered upon practice; elected district attorney of the River district in 1850; elected to the state legislature in 1859, and resigned his seat to enter the Confederate army; promoted to the rank of colonel of cavalry, and assigned to duty on the military court attached to General Folk's command; elected attorney gen- eral of the state in 1865, and reelected in 1868; in common with the other civil officers of the state was removed by the military authorities; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1883); reelected to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1895), and again elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March, 3, 1903). Hooker, Warren Brewster, a Representative from New York; born in Perrysburg, Cattaraugus county, N. Y., November 24, 1856; completed an academic course; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; special surrogate of Chautauqua county; supervisor of his town two terms; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second, and to the three succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1891, to November 10, 1898, when he resigned, having been appointed a justice of the supreme court of New York, and in 1899 was elected for a full term. Hooks, Charles, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Bertie county, N. C., February 20, 1768; member of state house of commons 1801- 1805; state senator 1810-1811; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fourteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William R. King, and served from December 2, 1816, to March 3, 1817; reelected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1825); moved to Alabama in 1826; died in Mont- gomery county, Ala., October 18, 1843. Hooper, Benjamin Stephen, a Representa- tive from Virginia; born in Buckingham county, Va., March 6, 1835; attended the common schools; engaged in mercantile business and the manufac- ture of tobacco; elected as a Readjuster to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Farmville, Va., January 17, 1898. Hooper, Samuel, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Marblehead, Mass., February 3, 1808; attended the common schools; became a merchant; served several terms in both branches of the legislature; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Appleton; reelected to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty- first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses, and served from December 2, 1861, until his death, in Washington, D. C., February 13, 1875. Hooper, William, a Delegate from North Caro- lina; born in Boston, Mass., June 17, 1742; was graduated from Harvard college in 1760; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; moved to Wil- mington, N. C., in 1767, where he began practice; member of the state house of representatives in 1773; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1774 1777; a signer of the Declaration of Independence; mover for the first provincial congress in 1774; prominent in Revolutionary movements; mem- ber of state assembly 1777-1778; in 1786 a member of the commission to settle a boundary dispute between Massachusetts and New York; died in Hillsboro, N. C., October, 1790. Hooper, William Henry, a Delegate from Utah territory; born in Cambridge, Dorchester county, Md., December 25, 1813; attended the common schools; became a merchant; moved to Illinois in 1835 and engaged in trade upon the Mississippi; removed to Utah in 1850; served in the territorial legislature and as secretary of the territory; elected a Delegate from Utah to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); reelected to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty- second Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1873); engaged in business in Salt Lake City. 736 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Hopkins, Albert Cole, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Villanovia, Chautauqua county, N. Y., September 15, 1837; attended various schools; engaged in mercantile business in Troy, Pa., where he remained until 1867; moved to Lock Haven, Clinton county, Pa., that year and engaged in the lumber business; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- fresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); resumed usiness; state forestry commissioner 1899-1904; died in Lock Haven, Pa., June 9, 1911. Hopkins, Albert Jeremiah, a Representative and Senator from Illinois; born in Dekalb county, 111., August 15, 1846; was graduated from Hillsdale (Mich.) college in June, 1870; studied law and commenced practice in Aurora, 111.; state's attor- ney of Kane county from 1872 to 1876; member of the Republican state central committee 1878^1880; presidential elector on the Elaine and Logan ticket, 1884; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth and to the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1903); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1903, to March 3, 1909; defeated for reelection and resumed the prac- tice of law in Aurora, 111. Hopkins, Benjamin Franklin, a Representa- tive from Wisconsin; born in Hebron, N. Y., April 22, 1829; attended the public schools and became a telegraph operator; moved to Madison, Wis., in 1849; private secretary to Governor Bashfourd, 1856-1857; member of the state senate in 1861 and of the state house of representatives in 1865; elected to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses and served from March 4, 1867, until his death, in Madison, Wis., January 1, 1870. Hopkins, Frank A., a Representative from Kentucky; born in Jeffersonville, Tazewell county, Va., May 27, 1853; attended the Tazewell high school; studied law and was admitted to the bar in November, 1873; in January, 1874 moved to Prestonsburg, Ky., where he was admitted to the bar; commissioner of common schools 1882-1884; in August, 1890, member of the state constitu- tional convention; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4. 1903-March 3, 1907). Hopkins, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Virginia; born in Goochland county, Va., February 22, 1804; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Lebanon, Va.; member of the state house of representatives 1833-1834; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1847); charge" d'affaires to Portugal March 3, 1847, to October 18, 1849; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1849; judge of the cir- cuit court; elected to the Thirty -fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); again elected to the state house of representatives; died March 2, 1861. Hopkins, James H., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Washington county, Pa., November 3, 1832; was graduated from Washington college in 1850; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1852, and practiced in Pittsburgh, Pa., for twenty years; interested in banking, manufactur- ing, and mining; for several years vice president of the chamber of commerce of Pittsburgh; defeated candidate for the Forty-third Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); reelected to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in North Halley, Canada, June 17, 1904. Hopkins, N. T., a Representative from Ken- tucky; successfully contested the election of Joseph M. Kendall to the Fifty-fourth Congress and served from February 18, 1897, until March 3, 1897. Hopkins, Samuel, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Albemarle county, Va., April 9, 1753; served in the Revolutionary war; lieutenant colonel and colonel of the tenth Virginia regiment; moved to Kentucky in 1797 and practiced law; served several terms in the state legislature; in October, 1812, led 2,000 mounted volunteers in the campaign against the Kickapoo villages on the Illinois river, and later up the Wabash river; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); died in Henderson county, Ky., September 16, 1819. Hopkins, Samuel Isaac, a Representative from Virginia; born in Prince Georges county, Md., De- cember 12, 1843 ; moved in infancy to Anne Arundel county, where he attended the common schools; while a minor enlisted in company A, second Mary- land Confederate infantry, and served during the war; wounded several times; after the war he lo- cated in Lynchburg; elected as a Knight of Labor to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); a resident of Lynchburg, Va. Hopkins, Samuel Miles, a Representative from New York; born in Salem, Conn., May 9, 1772; was graduated from Yale in 1791; studied law and was admitted to the bar and began practice in LeRoy, Genesee county, N. Y., in 1793; moved to New York City in 1794 and practiced law; elected to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813- March 3, 1815); member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1820-1821; moved to Albany in 1821; member of the state senate in 1822; reporter of the New York court of chancery 1823-1826; one of the commissioners to build Sing Sing prison 1825-1830; judge of the circuit state court 1832-1836; died in Geneva, N. Y., March 9, 1837. Hopkins, Stephen, a Delegate from Rhode Island; born in Providence, R. I., March 7, 1707; attended the public schools; moved to Providence, R. I., in 1731; member of the colonial assembly, 1732-1741, and speaker in 1741; chief justice of the court of common pleas in 1739 and of the superior court 1751-1754; Delegate to the Colonial Congress which met in Albany in 1754; colonial governor of Rhode Island 1755, 1756, 1758-1761, 1763-1764, and 1767; again elected to the general assembly in 1772 and served until 1775; he held three important offices at the same time member of the assembly, member of the Conti- nental Congress, and chief justice of Rhode Island; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1774-1778; a signer of the Declaration of Independence; died in Providence, R. I., July 13, 1785. Hopkins, Stephen T., a Representative from New York; born in New York City March 25, 1849; attended the Anthon grammar school in New York City; was an iron merchant; member of the state assembly in 1885-1886; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889) ; died in New York City March 2, 1892. Hopkinson, Francis, a Delegate from New Jer- sey; was born in Philadelphia, Pa., September 21, BIOGRAPHIES. 737 1737; was graduated from the University of Penn- sylvania in 1757 ; studied law, and in 1765 was ad- mitted to the bar; removed as royal tax receiver when he espoused the popular cause; secretary in a conference held on the Lehigh in 1761 between the state government and certain Indian tribes; settled in Bordentown, N. J.; member of the provincial council 1774-1776; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1776-1777; a signer of the Declaration of Independence; chief of the navy department under the confederation, and treasurer of the Continental loan office; judge of the admiralty of Pennsylvania for ten years, 1779-1789; judge of the United States district court for the eastern district of Pennsyl- vania 1790-1791; died in Philadelphia, Pa., May 9, 1791. Hopkinson, Joseph, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Novem- ber 12, 1770; was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1786; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1791, and began practice in Easton, Pa.; returned to Philadelphia; wrote the national anthem "Hail, Columbia" in 1795; elected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1819); moved to Bordentown, N. J., member of New Jersey assembly; returned to Phil- adelphia, Pa.; judge of the United States district court eastern district of Pennsylvania 1828-1842; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1837; secretary of the board of trustees of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania 1790-1791; trustee 1806- 1819, and 1822-1842; died in Philadelphia, Pa., January 15, 1842. Horn, Henry, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Philadelphia, Pa.; completed pre- paratory studies; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); defeated for reelection to the Twenty- third Congress. Hornbeck, John Westbrook, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Montague, Sussex county, N. J., January 24, 1804; completed pre- paratory studies and was graduated from Union col- lege, New York, in 1827; studied law and was admitted to the bar of Lehigh county, Pa., May 3, 1830; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress, and served from March 4, 1847, until his death in Allentown, Pa., January 16, 1848. Hornblower, Josiah, a Delegate from New Jersey; born in Staffordshire, England, February 23, 1729; completed a preparatory course, and fitted himself as a civil engineer; emigrated to the United States in 1753, and located in Belleville, N. J.; captain of a company during the French and Indian war, engaged in the defense of New Jersey; served several years as a member of the colonial house of representatives, and served as speaker in 1780; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1785-1786; judge of the Essex county court 1798-1809; died in Newark, N. J., January 21, 1809. Horr, Roswell Gilbert, a Representative from Michigan; born in Waitsfield, Vt., November 26, 1830; moved with his parents to Lorain county, Ohio, in 1834; attended public schools and was graduated from Antioch college in 1857; the fall after his graduation elected clerk of the court of common pleas of Lorain county, and reelected in 1860; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Elyria, Lorain county, Ohio; in the spring of 1866 moved to southeastern Missouri, where he engaged in mining for six years; moved 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 47 in the spring of 1872 to East Saginaw, Mich.; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth, Forty- seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1885); moved to New York City; associate editor upon the staff of the New York Tribune until his death in Plainfield, N. J., De- cember 19, 1896. Horsey, Outerbridge, a Senator from Dela- ware; born in Somerset county, Del., in 1777; re- ceived a liberal schooling; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Wilming- ton, Del.; for many years attorney general of Delaware; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Samuel White; reelected, and served from January 12, 1810, to March 3, 1821; died in Needwood, Md., June 9, 1842. '_.:/- Horsf ord, Jedediah, a Representative from New York; native of Vermont; moved to Moscow, N. Y., where he held several local offices; member of the state house of representatives in 1831; elected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853). _ Horton, Thomas B., a Representative from New York; native of that state; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857). Horton, Valentine Baxter, a Representative from Ohio; born in Windsor, Vt., January 29, 1802; attended the Partridge military school and after- wards became one of its tutors; studied law in Middletown, Conn., and in 1830 was admitted to the bar; moved to Pittsburgh, Pa., where he began practice; moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1833, and in 1835 moved to Pomeroy, Ohio, where he engaged in manufacturing; delegate to the state constitu- tional convention of 1850; elected to the Thirty- fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855- March 3, 1859); reelected to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); died in Pomeroy, Ohio, January 14, 1888. Hoskins, George Gilbert, a Representative from New York; born in Bennington, N. Y., De- cember 24, 1824; completed preparatory studies; became a merchant; for a number of years town clerk and justice of the peace; postmaster of Ben- nington, N. Y., through the administrations of Presidents Taylor and Fillmore, and again under Lincoln; member of the state house or representa- tives in 1860, 1865, and 1866, and served as speaker in 1865; commissioner of public accounts 1868-1870; collector of internal revenue under President Grant for the twenty-ninth district of New York May 1, 1871, until March 4, 1873, when he resigned; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); lieuten- ant governor of New York 1880-1883; delegate to the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1880. Hosmer, Hezekiah L., a Representative from New York; was elected to the Fifth Congress (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1799). Hosmer, Titus, a Delegate from Connecticut; born in Watertown, Conn., in 1736; was graduated from Yale college in 1757; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representatives 1773-1778 and speaker 1777; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1777-1779; judge of the maritime court of appeals 1780; died in Watertown, Conn., August 4, 1780. 738 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Hostetler, Abraham J., a Representative from Indiana; born in Washington county, Ind., No- vember 22, 1818; attended the common schools; apprenticed to learn the blacksmith's trade; mem- ber of the state senate 1854-1858; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); engaged in mercantile pur- suits; died near Bedford, Ind., November 24, 1899. Hostetler, Abraham J., a Representative from Indiana; born in Washington county, Ind., No- vember 22, 1818; attended the common schools; raised on a farm; apprenticed to learn the black- smith's trade; member of the state senate 1854- 1858; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); after his term in Congress, engaged in the mercantile business; delegate in the Democratic national convention in 1880; died near Bedford, Ind., November 24,1899.' Hostetter, Jacob, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born near Hanover, Pa., May 9, 1754; attended the common schools; pioneer in the manu- facture of the tall eight-day clock; member of the general assembly of Pennsylvania, 1797-1802; elected as a Jefferson Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jacob Spangler; reelected to the Sixteenth Con- gress, and served from November 16, 1818, until March 3, 1821; located in Columbiana, Ohio; elected to the state senate; died in Columbiana, Ohio, June 29, 1831. HotchMss, Giles Waldo, a Representative from New York; born in Windsor, Broome county, N. Y., October 25, 1815, completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Binghamton, N. Y.; elected as a Re- publican to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867); reelected to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); died in Saratoga, N. Y., July 5, 1878. Hotchkiss, Julius, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Waterbury, Conn., July 11, 1810; attended the common schools; engaged in manu- facturing pursuits; mayor of Waterbury in 1852; member of the state legislature in 1851 and 1858; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); lieutenant governor of Connecticut in 1870; died in Middletown, Conn., December 23, 1878. Houck, Jacob, jr., a Representative from New York; born in Schoharie, N. Y., January 14, 1801; attended the common schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; district attorney of Schoharie county 1831-1836; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); died in Schoharie, N. Y., October 22, 1857. Hough, David, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Norwich, Conn., March 13, 1753; attended the common schools; ship carpenter and employed in building ships; moved to Leba- non, N. H., in 1778; member of the state legisla- ture; justice of the peace; colonel of militia; dele- gate in the constitutional convention of 1783; com- missioner of valuation in 1798; elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1807); died in Lebanon, N. H., April 18, 1831. Hough, William J., a Representative from New York; born in Cazenovia, N. Y.; completed pre- paratory studies; member of the state house of representatives in 1835 and 1836; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1847). Houghton, Sherman Otis, a Representative from California; born in New York, N. Y., April 10, 1828; completed preparatory studies; served in the Mexican war; moved to California; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; mayor of San Jose, Cal., 1855-1856; elected as a Republican to the Forty -second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); appointed commissioner to investigate the affairs of the United States mint in San Francisco in 1881; moved to Los Angeles in 1886 and continued to practice law; retired from active practice in 1903; a resident of Los Angeles. Houk, George Washington, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cumberland county, Pa., September 25, 1825; moved with his parents to Dayton, Ohio, in 1827; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1847; member of the state legislature in 1852- 1853; delegate to the Democratic national conven- tion in 1876; Democratic presidential elector in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1891, until his death in \Vashington, D. C., February 9, 1894; interment in Dayton, Ohio. Houk, John Chiles, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Clinton, Anderson county, Tenn., February 26, 1860; moved with his parents to Knoxville in 1870; was graduated from the university of Tennessee; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1884; secretary of the state Republican committee for four years; assistant doorkeeper of the national House of Representa- tives in the Fifty-first Congress ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of his father, Leonidaa C. Houk; reelected to the Fifty-third Congress, and served from December 7, 1891, to March 3, 1895; elected to the state senate in 1896, 1898, 1900, and again in 1910; resumed the practice of law in Knox- ville, Tenn. Houk, Leonidas Campbell, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Sevier county, Tenn., June 8, 1836; attended the common schools less than three months; learned the trade of cabinet- making; studied law, was admitted to the bar October 13, 1859, and practiced; enlisted in the Union army as a private August 9, 1861; pro- moted to lieutenant in the first Tennessee infantry; mustered in as colonel of the third Tennessee infantry, February 2, 1862, and served until his resignation on account of ill health, April 23, 1863; presidential elector on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket in 1864; member of the state constitutional convention in 1865; judge of the circuit court of Tennessee; moved to Knoxville and resumed the practice of law; delegate in the Republican na- tional conventions of 1868, 1880, 1884, and 1888; presidential elector on the Grant and Wilson ticket in 1872; elected to the state house of repre- sentatives in 1873-1875; presidential elector on the Hayes and Wheeler ticket in 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth, and to the six suc- ceeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1879, until his death in Knoxville, Tenn., May 25, 1891. House, John Ford, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Williamson county, Tenn., January 9, 1827; attended the common schools; attended Transylvania university, Lexington, Ky., and was graduated from the Lebannon law school BIOGRAPHIES. 739 in 1850; was admitted to the bar; member of the state legislature 1853-1854 ; presidential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1860; member of the provincial congress of the Confederacy from Ten- nessee; enlisted in the Confederate army, and served untiL paroled in Columbus, Miss., in June, 1865; delegate to the Democratic national conven- tion in 1868; member of the state constitutional convention in 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1885); died in Clarksville, Tenn., June 28, 1904. Houseman, Julius, a Representative from Michigan; born in Leckendorf, in Bavaria, Ger- many, December 8, 1832; attended the common schools; came to the United States in 1852, and lo- cated in Grand Rapids, Mich. ; engaged in the mer- cantile and lumber business for thirty years; alder- man of Grand Rapids 1861-1870; member of the state legislature 1871-1872; mayor of Grand Rapids 1873-1875; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885) ; died in Grand Rapids, Mich., February 8, 1891. Houston, George Smith, a Representative and a Senator from Alabama; born near Franklin, Wil- liamson county, Tenn., January 17, 1808; moved with his parents to Limestone county, Ala.; at- tended the common schools of Athens, Ala. ; studied law in Florence and in Harrodsburg, Ala., and was admitted to the bar in 1831; member of the state house of representatives in 1832; located in Athens, Ala., in 1835; state's attorney for the Florence judi- cial district in 1836; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1848); declined reelection to the Thirty-first Con- gress; reelected to the Thirty-second, and to the four succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1851, until his resignation January 21, 1861, his state having seceded; presented creden- tials as a Senator-elect to the United States Senate, but was not permitted to take his seat; delegate in the Union national convention in Philadelphia, in 1866; governor of Alabama, 1874-1878; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1879, until his death in Athens, Ala., December 31, 1879. Houston, Henry Aydelotte, a Representa- tive from Delaware; born near Millsboro, Sussex county, Del., July 10, 1847; attended the public schools; worked on a farm and went to Missouri in 1872; returned to Delaware in 1875 and taught school; engaged in the mercantile business; mem- ber of the Sussex county school commission; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905); after leaving Con- gress engaged in lumber manufacturing in Mills- boro, Del. Houstoun, John, a Delegate from Georgia; born in Waynesboro, Ga., August 31, 1744; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Savannah; prominent in early Revolutionary movements; one of the four origina- tors of the "Sons of Liberty"; delegate in the pro- vincial congress of Georgia July 4, 1775; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1775-1777; was absent in Georgia when the Declaration of Independence was signed; member of the executive council in 1777; governor in 1778, and 1784; member of the commission to establish the boundary line between Georgia and South Carolina; chief justice of Georgia 1786; defeated for governor in 1787; justice for Chat- ham county in 1787; mayor of Savannah in 1789, 1790; judge of the state superior court in 1792; died in Savannah, Ga., July 20, 1796. Houston, John Wallace, a Representative from Delaware; born in Concord, Sussex county, Del., May 4, 1814; attended country schools, Newark academy, and was graduated from Yale college in 1834; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1837, and began practice in Georgetown, Del., in 1839; secretary of state of Delaware 1841-1844; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty- first Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1851); appointed associate judge of the superior court of Delaware May 4, 1855; delegate in the peace con- ference in Washington, D. C., in 1861; retired from the bench in 1893; died in Georgetown, Del., April 26, 1896. Houston, Sam, a Representative from Tennes- see, and a Senator from Texas ; born near Lexington, Va., March 2, 1793; moved with widowed mother to Blount county, Tenn., where he was adopted into the Cherokee tribe of Indians; served under Gen. Jackson in the Creek war as a sergeant in the seventh United States infantry; ensign in the Thirty -ninth infantry July 29, 1813, and lieutenant in May, 1814; studied law in Nashville, Tenn., and was admitted to the bar in 1818; district attorney in 1819; adjutant general of the state in 1820; major general in 1821; elected as a Democrat to the Eight- eenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823- March 3, 1827); governor of Tennessee 1827-1829; resigned before the expiration of his term; on ac- count of family troubles moved to Arkansas and subsequently to Texas in 1833; member of the con- stitutional convention in 1835; commander in chief of the Texas army; led the Texans against Santa- Anna and his Mexicans in the famous charge on the banks of the San Jacinto, and completely routed them, April 21, 1836; elected the first President of the republic of Texas 1836-1838 ; member of Texas congress 1838-1840; again President 1841-1844; elected to the United States Senate, and served from February 21, 1846, to March 3, 1859; governor of Texas 1859-1861, and deposed March 18, 1861, because he refused to take the oath of allegiance to the Confederate states; died in Huntsville, Tex., July 25, 1863. Houston, William Cannon, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Bedford county, Tenn., March 17, 1852; attended the schools of Woodbury, Tenn.; elected to the legislature in 1876; admitted to the bar in 1878; again elected to the legislature in 1880 and 1882; member of the Democratic state executive committee for four years; chairman of the Democratic state convention in 1888; Demo- cratic elector in 1888; elected circuit judge in 1894 and reelected in 1898 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Houston, William Churchill, a Delegate from New Jersey ; born in Bull Creek, Sumpter district of North Carolina in 1745 or 1746; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Princeton college in 1768; member of the general assembly in 1777; member of the council of safety in 1778; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1779-1782; admitted to the bar and began practice in Trenton, N. J.; again a Delegate in the Continental Congress 1784- 1785; delegate in the Philadelphia constitutional convention of 1787; died in Frankford, Pa., August 12, 1788. 740 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. Houstoun, William, a Delegate from Georgia; born in Savannah, Ga., in 1755; completed prepara- tory studies, and attended higher schools in Eng- land ; studied law, and was admitted to the Inner Temple, London, in 1776; returned to Savannah at the beginning of the Revolution, and took an active part in the cause of liberty for the colonies; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1784-1787; dele- gate in the constitutional con /ention which framed the Federal constitution in 1787, but declined to sign the instrument; one of the founders of the Uni- versity of Georgia; died in Savannah, Ga., about 1833. Hovey , Alvin Peterson, a Representative from Indiana; born in Posey county, Ind., September 6, 1821; attended the common schools of Mount Ver- non ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar Sep- tember 25, 1842; commissioned first lieutenant June 1846, for service in the war with Mexico; elected a delegate to the constitutional convention of the state of Indiana 1850; circuit judge 1851-1854; judge of the supreme court in 1854; district attorney of the United States in 1856; removed by President Bu- chanan in 1858; served in the Union army; commis- sioned colonel of the twenty-fourth regiment Indi- ana volunteers July 31, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers April 28, 1862; brevet major general of volunteers July 4, 1864, "for meritorious and dis- tinguished service during the war;" resigned Octo- ber 7, 1865; commissioned United States minister to the republic of Peru in 1865; resigned in 1870; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth Congress, and served from March 4, 1887, until January 17, 1889, when he resigned; elected governor in 1888; inaugurated in January, 1889, and served until his death in Indianapolis, Ind., November 23, 1891. Howard, Benjamin, a Representative from Virginia; born in Virginia about 1760; completed preparatory studies; moved to Kentucky; elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1807, to April 10, 1810, when he resigned; governor of upper Louisiana 1810-1812; appointed a brigadier general of the United States army March 12, 1813, and given command of the eighth military department, embracing the terri- tory west of the Mississippi river; died in St. Louis, Mo., September 18, 1814. Howard, Benjamin Chew, a Representative from Maryland; born in Baltimore county, Md., November 5, 1791; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Princeton college in 1809; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Baltimore; served in the war of 1812; member of the state house of representatives in 1824; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1823); reelected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); reporter of the decisions of the supreme court of the United States 1843-1862; delegate to the peace congress in 1861; died in Baltimore, Md., March 6, 1872. Howard, Jacob Merritt, a Representative and a Senator from Michigan; born in Shaftsbury, Vt., July 10, 1805; completed preparatory studies; was graduated from Williams college in 1830; moved to Michigan; served in the state legislature in 1838; in 1854 drew up the platform of the first convention ever held by the Republican party, and christened that party; served six years as attorney general of Michigan; elected as a Republican to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Kingsley S. Bingham; reelected in 1865, and served from Janu- ary 17, 1862, to March 3, 1871; died in Detroit, Mich., April 2, 1871. Howard, John Eager, a Delegate and a Senator from Maryland; born in Baltimore county, Md., June 4, 1752; was instructed by private tutors; served in the Revolutionary war; commanded a company at the battle of White Plains, October 28, 1776; was commissioned major and was a colonel when peace was declared; was voted a medal and the thanks of Congress for gallantry at the Cowpens, January 17, 1781; Delegate in the^Continental Con- gress 1784-1788; governor of Maryland 1789-1791; member of the state senate 1791-1795; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Richard Potts, and served front November 30, 1796, to March 3, 1803; died in Baltimore, Md., October 12, 1827. Howard, Jonas George, a Representative from Indiana; born in Floyd county, Ind., May 22, 1825; attended Asbury college, Greencastle, Ind.; was graduated in law from the state university in Bloomington, Ind., in 1851; practiced in Clark county; elected to the state legislature in 1862 and 1864; presidential elector on the Seymour and Blair ticket in 1868; again elector in the Tilden and Hendricks campaign in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4,1885-March 3, 1889); returned to Jefferson ville, Ind., where he resumed the practice of law; died in Jeffersonville, Ind., Octobers, 1911. Howard, Milford W., a Representative from Georgia; born in Floyd county, Ga., December 18, 1862; read law in Cedartown, Ga.; moved in 1880 to Fort Payne, Ala., and was admitted to the bar; elected as a Populist to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899). Howard, Tilghman Ashurst, a Representative from Indiana; born near Pickinsville, S. C., No- vember 14, 1797; attended the common schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; moved to Tennessee and began practice; member of the state house of representatives in 1824; presidential elector on the Jackson and Calhoun ticket in 1825; moved in 1830 to Rockville, Ind., where he resumed practice; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1839, to August 1, 1840, when he resigned to become the Democratic candidate for governor, and was defeated; charge d'affaires to the republic of Texas, June 11, 1844; died in Washington, Tex., August 16, 1844. Howard, Volney E., a Representative from Texas; born in Norridgewock, Me., about 1808; completed 'preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar; moved to Mississippi, and be- gan practice in Vicksburg; was for several years editor of the "Mississippian;" fought duels with Sergeant S. Prentiss and Alexander G. McNutt; moved to San Antonio, Tex., in 1847; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); sent on a mission to California by the President; took up his residence in that state; died in Santa Monica, Cal., May 14, 1889. Howard, William, a Representative from Ohio; born in Jefferson county, Va., December 31, 1817; attended the common schools; moved to Batavia, Ohio; served in the war with Mexico; second lieu- BIOGRAPHIES. 741 tenant of company C second Ohio infantry August 10, 1847; mustrered out July 25, 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); served in the Civil war; major in the fifty-ninth Ohio infantry August 11, 1861; honorably discharged February 24, 1863; died in Batavia, Ohio, June 1, 1891. Howard, William Alanson, a Representative from Michigan; was born in Hinesburg, Vt., April 8, 1813; was graduated from Wyoming academy in 1835, and from Middlebury college in 1839; moved lo Michigan; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1842, and began practice in Detroit; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); success- fully contested the election of George B. Cooper to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and served from May 15, 1860, until March 3, 1861; appointed post- master of Detroit in 1861; tendered the Chinese mission in 1869, but declined it; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1868, 1872, and 1876; land commissioner of the Grand Rapids & Indiana railway in 1869-1871, and of the Northern Pacific railway in 1872-1878; settled in Yankton, Dak.; territorial governor in 1878; died in Wash- ington, D. C., April 10, 1880. Howard, William Marcellus, a Representative from Georgia; born in Berwick City, La., Decem- ber 6, 1857; was graduated from the university of Georgia; began practice of law February, 1880; elected solicitor general of the northern circuit of Georgia in 1884 ; reelected in 1888 and 1892 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty- seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911); member board of regents of Smithsonian institution 1905-1912; appointed by President Taft a member of the tariff board March 4, 1911; one of the original trustees of the Carnegie endowment for international peace. Howe, Albert Richards, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Brookfield, Mass., January 1, 1840; pursued classical studies; enlisted as a pri- vate in the Union army in 1861, and mustered out as major in 1865; settled in Como, Panola county, Miss., on a cotton plantation, in December, 1865; member of the Mississippi constitutional conven- tion of 1868; delegate to the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1868; appointed treas- urer of Panola county in 1869 ; member of the legis- lature of Mississippi in 1870, 1871, and 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died in Chicago, 111., June 1, 1884. Howe, James Robinson, a Representative from New York; born in New York City January 27, 1839; attended the common schools, and engaged in the dry goods business; trustee in a number of public institutions in the city ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899). Howe, John W., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; native of New Hampshire; moved to Franklin, Pa. ; elected as a Free-Soil Whig to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853). Howe, Thomas M., a Representative from Pennsylvania; native of Vermont; attended the public schools; moved to Pittsburgh, Pa., and en- gaged in the banking business; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855). Howe, Thomas Y., a Representative from New York; born in Auburn, N. Y.; completed prepara- tory studies; inspector of Auburn prison 1834-1838; surrogate of Cayuga county 1836-1840; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); mayor of Auburn, N. Y., from March, 1853, to March, 1854. Howe, Timothy Otis, a Senator from Wiscon- sin; born in Livennore, Me., February 24, 1816; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; served one term in the state legislature; moved to Wisconsin in 1845; elected judge of the circuit and supreme courts of Wisconsin in 1850, and resigned in 1855; elected as a Union Republican to the United States Senate; twice reelected, and served from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1879; appointed one of the delegates to the International monetary conference in Paris in 1881; appointed Postmaster General December 20, 1881; entered upon duties of the office January 5, 1882, and served until his death, in Kenosha, Wis., February 25, 1883. Howell, Benjamin Franklin, a Representa- tive from New Jersey ; born in Cumberland county, N. J., January 27, 1844; enlisted in the twelfth New Jersey volunteers in 1862, and served until the close of the war; elected surrogate of Middlesex county in 1882 and 1887; president of the Peoples national bank of New Brunswick, N. J.; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Howell, David, a Delegate from Rhode Island; born in New Jersey January 1, 1747; pursued clas- sical studies and was graduated from Princeton col- lege in 1776; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Providence, R. I.; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1782-1785; attorney general of the state in 1789; professor of law in Brown university 1790-1824; acting presi- dent of the university 1791-1792; secretary, 1780- 1806; judge of the United States district court for Rhode Island 1812-1824; died in Providence, R. I., July 21, 1826. Howell, Edward, a Representative from New York; born in Newburg, Orange county, N. Y., October 16, 1792; attended the public schools; moved to Bath in 1811; postmaster of Bath in 1818; county clerk of Steuben county 1818-1821; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1823; district attorney 1829-1834; member of the state house of representatives in 1832; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833- March 3, 1835); again district attorney 1836-1840; died in Bath, N. Y., January 30, 1871. Howell, Elias, a Representative from Ohio; na- tive of New Jersey; attended the public schools; moved to Newark, Ohio; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); died near Newark, Ohio, May, 1844. Howell, George, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in the city of Scranton, Pa., June 28, 1859; attended the public schools, Pennington seminary, Newton collegiate institute, Lafayette college, and was graduated from the Illinois state 742 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. normal university; taught school fourteen years in Illinois, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, and served seven years as superintendent of the public schools of the city of Scranton, Pa. ; presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Fifty-eighth Congress, and served from March 4, 1903, to February 10, 1904, when he was succeeded by William Connell, who contested his election; superintendent of public schools of Scranton, Pa. Howell, James Bruin, a Senator from Iowa; born near Morristown, N. J., July 4, 1816; moved to Newark, Ohio, in 1819; was graduated from Miami university in 1839; studied law at Lancas- ter; admitted to the bar in 1839; moved to Keo- sauqua, Iowa, in 1841, where he practiced for sev- eral years; engaged in newspaper work, and in 1849 moved to Keokuk; published and edited the "Daily Gate City;" delegate to the Republican national convention in 1856 ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James W. Grimes, and served from January 18, 1870, to March 3, 1871; one of three commissioners appointed by President Grant to adjust claims for stores and supplies under the act of March 3, 1871, and served until March 10, 1880; died in Keokuk, Iowa, June 17, 1880. Howell, Jeremiah Brown, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Providence, R. I., August 28, 1771; pursued classical studies, and was gradu- ated from Brown university in 1789; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Providence; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1811, to March 3, 1817; died in Providence, R. I., February 5, 1822. Howell, Joseph, a Representative from Utah; born in Brigham city, Boxelder county, Utah, Feb- ruary 17, 1857; attended the common schools and Utah university; engaged in mercantile pursuits; mayor of Wellsville, and a member of the board of regents of Utah university; served three terms in the territorial legislature and one in the state sen- ate; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Howell, Nathaniel Woodhull, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Blooming Grove, Orange county, N. Y., January 1, 1770; was grad- uated from Princeton college in 1788; taught school in Montgomery, N. Y., 1789-1792; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New York City and in Tioga county, 1794-1796, and in Can- andaigua, N. Y., 1796-1851; attorney general for western New York 1799-1802; elected to the Thir- teenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); first judge of Ontario county 1819-1832; member of the state assembly many terms; died in Canandai- gua, N. Y., October 15, 1851. Howey, Benjamin Franklin, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Pleasant Meadows, near Swedesboro, Gloucester county, N. J., March 17, 1828; instructed by private tutor at Pleasant Mead- ows and the academies in Swedesboro and Bridgeton, N. J.; engaged in quarrying and manu- facturing slate; captain of company G, thirty-first regiment New Jersey volunteers, from September 3, 1862, to June 26, 1863; sheriff of Warren county, N. J., from November 13, 1878, to November 15, 1881; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Columbia, N. J., February 6, 1893. Howland, Benjamin, a Senator from Rhod^ Island; born in Tiyerton, R. I., July 27, 1755; attended the public schools; held several local offices; member of the general assembly; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Samuel J. Potter, and served from October 29, 1804, until March 3, 1809; died in Tiverton, R. I., May 9, 1821. Howland, Paul, a Representative from Ohio; born in Jefferson, Ashtabula county, Ohio, Decem- ber 5, 1865; completed preparatory studies, was graduated from Oberlin college, and from the law department of Harvard university; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Cleveland, Ohio; was second lieutenant first Ohio volunteer cavalry dur- ing the Spanish- American war; elected as a Repub- lican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Howley, Richard, a Delegate from Georgia; born in Liberty county, Ga., about 1740; received an academic training; studied law and was admit- ted to the bar; member of the state house of repre- sentatives; governor of Georgia in 1780; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1780-1781; returned to Liberty county, Ga., in 1783; died in Savannah, Ga., in December, 1784. Hubard, Edmund W., a Representative from Virginia; native of that state; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -seventh, Twenty-eighth, and Twen- ty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1847). Hubbard, Asahel W., a Representative from Iowa; born in Haddam, Conn., January 19, 1818; attended the public schools; moved to Indiana in 1820, where he taught school and studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1841 and practiced; member of the state legislature 1847-1849; moved to Sioux City, Iowa, in 1857; elected judge of the fourth judicial district; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty- ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1863- March3, 1869); died in Sioux City, Iowa, Septem- ber 22, 1879. Hubbard, Chester Dorman, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Hamden, Conn., No- vember 25, 1814; moved with his parents in 1819 to Wheeling, W. Va.; was graduated from the Wesleyan university in 1840; became a banker, and a dealer in and manufacturer of iron and lum- ber; member of the state legislature of Virginia in 1852 and 1853; delegate to the Virginia convention in Richmond in 1861 and opposed secession; dele- gate to the West Virginia convention in Wheeling the same year; state senator of West Virginia 1863- 1864; delegate to the Republican national conven- tions of 1864 and 1880; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); died in Wheeling, W. Va., August 23, 1891. Hubbard, David, a Representative from Ala- bama; born in Virginia in 1806; pursued an aca- demic course; in his youth moved to Alabama; studied and practiced law; solicitor of his judicial district; state senator in 1830, and a state represent- ative in 1831, 1842, 1843, 1845, and 1853; elected as a State Rights Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); presiden- tial elector on the Democratic ticket in 1845; re- elected to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849- March 3, 1851); presidential elector on the Breck- BIOGRAPHIES. 743 inridge and Lane ticket in 1860; was a member of the Confederate states congress; was appointed commissioner of Indian affairs by it; after the war moved to Nashville, Tenn.; died in Louisiana in 1874. Hubbard, jr., Demas, a Representative from New York; born in Winfield, N. Y., January 17, 1806; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Smyrna, N. Y.; held several local offices; state representa- tive 1838-1840; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); died in Smyrna, N. Y., September 2, 1873. Hubbard, Elbert Hamilton, a Representative from Iowa; born in Rushville, Ind., August 19, 1849; was graduated from Yale college in 1872; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Sioux City, Iowa; served as a member of the state house of representatives and of the senate; elected as a Republican to the Fifty -ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911.) Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hubbard, Henry, a Representative and a Sena- tor from New Hampshire; born in Charlestown, N. H., May 3, 1784; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1803; studied law and was admitted to the bar; state rep- resentative 1812-1815, 1819-1820, 1823-1827, and served three years as speaker; state solicitor for Cheshire county 1823-1828; probate judge 1827- 1829; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty- third Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1835); served as Speaker pro tempore in the Twenty- third Congress; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1835, to March 3, 1841 ; governor of New Hamp- shire 1841-1843; United States subtreasurer at Bos- ton, Mass., 1846-1849; died in Charlestown, N. H., June 5, 1857. Hubbard, Joel Douglas, a Representative from Missouri; born near Marshall, Saline county, Mo., November 6, 1860 ; attended the public school, Central college, Fayette, Mo., and was graduated from the Missouri medical college, St. Loiu's, in 1883; practiced medicine in Syracuse, Morgan county, Mo., until 1886; elected county clerk in that year, and reelected in 1890; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); returned to Versailles, Mo., and engaged in the banking business. Hubbard, John Henry, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Salisbury, Conn., March 24, 1804; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1826, and commenced practice in Litchfield; county attorney for five years; twice elected state senator; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867); died in Litchfield, Conn., July 30, 1872. Hubbard, Jonathan Hatch, a Representative from Vermont; born in Tolland, Conn., May 7, 1768; completed preparatory studies; studied law was admitted to trie bar, and practiced in Windsor, Vt.; elected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 18 LI); judge of the state supreme court 1813-1845; died in Windsor, Vt., September 20, 1849. Hubbard, Levi, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Worcester, Mass., December 19, 1762; attended common schools; engaged in farm- ing, and prominent in state military organizations; state representative 1804-1805, and 1812, and a state senator 1806-1811; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); again state senator in 1816; an executive councilor in 1829; died in Paris, Me., February 18, 1836. Hubbard, Richard Dudley, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Berlin, Conn., Septem- ber 7, 1818; was graduated from Yale college in 1839; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1842; member of the legislature in 1842, 1855, and 1858; state attorney for Hartford county 1846-1868; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); elected governor in 1876; died in Hartford, Conn., February 28, 1884. Hubbard, Samuel Dickinson, a Representa- tive from Connecticut; born in Middletown, Conn., August 10, 1779; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Yale college in 1819; studied law, but devoted himself to manufacturing; elected as a Whig to the Twenty -ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); Postmaster General August 31, 1852, to March 7, 1853; died in Middle- town, Conn., Octobers, 1855. Hubbard, Thomas Hill, a Representative from New York; born in New Haven, Conn., December 8, 1781; pursued classical studies and was grad- uated from Yale college in 1798; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Hamil- ton, N. Y.; surrogate of Madison county 1806-1816; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1812; district attorney 1816-1821; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817- March 3, 1819); reelected to the Seventeenth Con- gress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); moved to Utica, N. Y.; presidential elector on the Democra- tic ticket in 1844 and 1852; died in Utica, N. Y., May 22, 1857. Hubbard, William Pallister, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Wheeling, W. Va., December 24, 1843; attended public schools and Linsly institute, of Wheeling, and was graduated from Wesleyan university, Middletown, Conn., in 1863; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1864, and practiced in Wheeling; served in the Union army in 1865; clerk of the West Virginia house of delegates, 1866 to 1870; member of the house of delegates 1881-1882; delegate to the Republican national convention of 1888; Republican candi- date for attorney general of West Virginia in 1888, and defeated; Republican candidate for Congress in 1890, and defeated; chairman of the commis- sion to revise the tax laws of West Virginia, 1901- 1903; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911): resumed the practice of law in Wheeling, W. Va. Hubbell, Edwin N., a Representative from New York; born in Coxsackie, N. Y., August 13, 1815; pursued an academic course; several years supervisor of Greene county; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865- March 3, 1867). Hubbell, James Randolph, a Representative from Ohio; born in Delware county, Ohio, July 13, 1820; attended the public schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; state representative four years, two of which he was speaker; presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1856; elected 744 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); died in Belleville, Ohio, November 26, 1890. Hubbell, Jay Abel, a Representative from Michigan; born in Avon, Mich., September 15, 1829; was graduated from the University of Michi- gan in 1853; admitted to the practice of law in 1855; moved to Ontonagon, Mich., in November, 1855; elected district attorney of the upper penin- sula in 1857 and 1859; moved to Houghton, Mich., in February, 1860; elected prosecuting attorney of Houghton county in 1861, 1863, and 1865; engaged in the practice of law until 1870; identified with the development of the mineral interests of the upper peninsula; appointed by the governor of Michigan in 1876 state commissioner to the Cen- tennial exhibition and collected and prepared the state exhibit of minerals; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty- sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1883); member of the state senate 1885-1887; circuit judge of the twelfth judicial circuit for a number of years, when he resigned; died in Houghton, Mich., October 12, 1900. Hubbell, William S., a Representative from New York; was a native of that state; attended the public schools; state representative in 1841; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845). Hubbs, Orlando, a Representative from North Carolina; born in New York, February 18, 1840; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 183). Hubley, Edward B., a Representative from Pennsylvania; native of that state; attended the public schools; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); died in Philadel- phia, Pa., February 23, 1856. Hudd, Thomas Richard, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Buffalo, N. Y., October 2, 1835; moved to Wisconsin in 1853, and settled in Appleton; in 1868 moved to Green Bay; attended the common schools and Lawrence university; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; district attorney of Outagamie county 1856-1857; city attorney of Green Bay 1873-1874; state senator 1862-1863; member of the state assembly 1868 and 1875; state senator again 1876-1879; delegate in the Democratic national convention in Cincinnati in 1880; state senator 1882 and 1883, and reelected for the term ending December 31, 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Joseph Rankin; reelected to the Fiftieth Congress, and served from March 8, 1886 to March 3, 1889; died in Green Bay, Wis., June 22, 1896. Hudson, Charles, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Marlboro, Mass., November 14, 1795; attended the common schools; studied the- ology and was ordained as a Universalist minister in 1819; state representative 1828-1833; state sen- tor 1833-1839; executive councilor 1839-1841; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty- eight, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1849); naval officer port of Boston 1849-1853; edited the Boston "Daily Atlas;" assessor of internal revenue 1864-1868; died in Lexington, Mass., May 4, 1881. Hudson, Thomas Jefferson, a Representative from Kansas; born in Jamestown, Ind., October 30, 1844; moved to Kansas in the spring of 1866 and engaged in farming for four years; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1870; member of the Kansas legislature; county attorney of his county three times; mayor of Fre- donia, Kans., several times; elected as a Populist to the Fifty- third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Fredonia, Kans. Huff, George Franklin, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Norristown, Pa., July 16, 1842; attended the public schools in Middletown and later in Altoona; in 1867 he removed to West- moreland county and engaged in the banking bus- iness in Greensburg, Pa.; member of the Repub- lican national convention of 1880; president of the Keystone Coal and Coke company; member of the state senate 1884-1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); reelected as Representative-at-large to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); again reelected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911); a resident of Washington, D. C. Hufty, Jacob, a Representative from New Jer- sey; native of that state; was a judge in Salem county, N. J., 1797-1804; sheriff in 1800; director of the board of freeholders 1801; county collector 1805; member of the legislative council of New Jersey 1807; surrogate 1808; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1809, until his death in Salem, N. J., May 20, 1814. Huger, Benjamin, a Representative from South Carolina; born on Limerick plantation, near Charleston, S. C.; pursued an academic course; elected to the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1805); reelected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); died in Waccamaw, S. C., July 7, 1823. Huger, Daniel, a Delegate and a Representa- tive from South Carolina; born on Limerick plan- tation, S. C., February 20, 1741; studied abroad; prominent in the Revolutionary war; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1786-1788; elected to the First and Second Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1793); died in Charleston, S. C., July 1, 1799. Huger, Daniel Elliott, a Senator from South Carolina; born on Limerick plantation, S. C., June 28, 1779; pursued classical studies, and was gradu- ated from Princeton college in 1798; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Charleston, S. C., in 1811; served in both branches of the legislature; served as judge of local courts many years; elected to the United States Senate, as a State Rights Democrat, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John C. Calhoun, and served from December 7, 1843, to March 3, 1845, when he resigned; judge of the superior court; died on Sullivans Island, S. C., August 21, 1854. Hughes, Charles, a Representative from New York; native of Georgia; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; moved to Sandy Hill, N. Y.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); clerk of the court of appeals 1860-1862; judge advocate general of state militia BIOGRAPHIES. 745 1875-1879; member of the state senate 1878-1879; ?-ovost marshal for the Sixteenth district of New ork in 1862. Hughes, Charles James, jr., a Senator from Colorado; born in Kingston, Caldwell county, Mo., February 16, 1853; was graduated from Richmond, Mo., college in 1871; was graduated from the law department of the University of Missouri in 1873, admitted to the bar, and began the practice of law in August, 1877; located in Denver in 1879 was a Democratic presidential elector in 1900; delegate to the Democratic national conventions of 1904 and 1908; was for many years professor of mining law in the law school of the University of Denver; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1909, until his death in Denver, Colo., January 11, 1911. Hughes, Dudley Mays, a Representative from Georgia; born in Twiggs county, Ga., October 10, 1848 ; attended country schools and the University of Georgia, in Athens; began business life in 1870, and was also interested in agricultural pursuits; elected state senator and served one term; elected president of the Georgia state agricultural society and served four years; was commissioner general of Georgia to the World's fair at St. Louis; for twenty years connected with educational interests of Georgia; trustee of the Danville school, of the State normal institute, and of the University of Georgia; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hughes, George Wurtz, a Representative from Maryland; born in Elmira, N. Y., September 30, 1806; received a liberal schooling, and in 1827 was graduated from West Point military academy; became a civil engineer in New York City; re- appointed to the army July 7, 1838, as captain of topographical engineers; served in the Mexican war; lieutenant colonel of Maryland and District of Columbia volunteers August 4, 1847; colonel October 1, 1847; honorably mustered out of volun- teer service July 24, 1848; brevet major April 18, 1847, "for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battle of Cerro Gordo, Mexico; lieutenant colonel May 30, 1848, "for meritorius conduct" while serving in the enemy's country; resigned August 4, 1851; president of the Northern Central railroad; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); died in West River, Md., September 3, 1870. Hughes, James, a Representative from Indi- ana; born in Ilampstead, Md., November 24, 1823; was graduated from the state university of Indiana; studied law, and in 1842 was admitted to the bar; served in the Mexican war; circuit judge for five years; professor of law in the University of Indiana 1853-1856 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); judge of the Court of Claims 1861-1865; appointed cotton agent to the Treasury Department 1866-1868. Hughes, James Anthony, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Corunna, Ontario, February 27, 1861; moved with his parents to Ashland, Ky., in July, 1873; completed preparatory studies and engaged in business; member of the state legislature 1887 and 1888; moved to West Virginia; state senator 1894-1898; elected as a Republican to the Fifty -seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hughes, James Madison, a Representative from Missouri; born in Bourbon county, Ky., April 7, 1809; received a liberal schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Liberty, Clay county, Mo. ; also engaged in mercantile pur- suits in Liberty; member of the state legislature in 1839; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1855, and engaged in banking; died in St. Louis, Mo., in 1861. Hughes, Thomas H., a Representative from New Jersey; born in Cape May, N. J., January 10, 1769; attended the public schools; elected to the Twenty -first and Twenty -second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833); died in Cold Spring, N. J., November 10, 1839. Hughes, William, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Drogheda, Ireland, April 3, 1872; attended the common schools of Paterson, N. J., and a business college; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Paterson, N. J.; served in the second New Jersey volunteers in the Spanish-American war; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905); reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Re- elected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hughston, Jonas A., a Representative from New York; born in Sidney, Delaware county, N. Y. ; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Delhi, N. Y.; district attorney of Delaware county 1842-1845; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); appointed marshal of the consular court at Shanghai, China, and died in Shanghai, China, November 10, 1862. Huguenin, Daniel, jr., a Representative from New York; was born in Montgomery county , N. Y., February 6, 1790; pursued classical studies; served in the War of 1812; elected to the Nineteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827); appointed United States marshal of the territory of Wisconsin; died in Kenosha, Wis., June 21, 1850. Hulbert, John Whitefield, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Alford, Mass., June 1, 1770; completed preparatory studies; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Daniel Dewey; reelected to the Fourteenth Congress, and served from September 26, 1814, to March 3, 1817; moved to Auburn, Cayuga county, N. Y., in 1817; member of the state house of representatives in 1825; died October 19, 1831. Hulburd, Calvin Tilden, a Representative from New York; born in Stockholm, N. Y., June 5, 1809; completed preparatory studies; was graduated from Middlebury college, Vt. ; attended Yale college law school; member of the state legislature of New York 1842, 1843, 1844, and 1862; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869); died in November, 1897. Hulick, George Washington, a Representative from Ohio; born in Batavia, Ohio, June 29, 1833; attended public schools; took charge of Pleasant Hill academy and taught two years, during which time he studied law, was admitted to the bar by the district court March, 1857, and at once com- menced practice in Batavia; enlisted as a private in company E, twenty-second regiment Ohio 746 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. volunteer infantry April 14, 1861; appointed orderly sergeant and afterwards elected captain of the company; discharged August 16, 1861; elected probate judge of Clermont county in 1863 and served from February, 1864, to February, 1867; served nine years on the board of education of Bate via; delegate from Ohio to the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1868; elector in 1876 for the third district of Ohio on the Hayes and Wheeler presidential ticket; elected as a Republi- can to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); died in Batavia, Ohio, August 13, 1907. Hilling, James Henry, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Williamsport, Pa., March 24, 1844; attended the public schools and Dickinson seminary, in Williamsport, Pa. ; served in the Penn- sylvania cavalry in 1863 ; was engaged in the lumber business to 1869 ; moved to West Virginia, where he was engaged in the same business to 1874; elected mayor of Charleston, W. Va., in 1884; declined a re nomination; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); re- engaged in business in Charleston, W. Va. Hull, Cordell, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Overton (now Pickett) county, Tenn., October 2, 1871 ; was graduated from the law depart- ment of Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn.; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Carthage, Tenn.; member of the lower house of the state legis- lature two terms; served in the fourth regiment, Tennessee volunteer infantry, during the Spanish- American war, with the rank of captain; judge of the fifth judicial circuit of Tennessee; resigned in 1906; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Hull, John Albert Tiffin, a Representative from Iowa; born in Sabina, Clinton county, Ohio, May 1, 1841; moved with his parents to Iowa in 1849; attended public schools, Asbury (Indiana) university, and Iowa Wesleyan college, in Mount Pleasant; was graduated from the Cincinnati (Ohio) law school in the spring of 1862; enlisted in the twenty-third Iowa infantry July, 1862; first lieu- tenant and captain; wounded in the charge on intrenchments at Black River May 17, 1863; resigned on account of wounds October, 1863; elected secretary of the Iowa state senate in 1872, and reelected in 1874, 1876, and 1878; secretary of state in 1878 and reelected in 1880 and 1882; elected lieutenant governor in 1885 and reelected in 1887 ; engaged in farming and banking; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second and to the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C. Hull, Noble Andrew, a Representative from Florida; born in Little York, Camden county, Ga., March 11, 1827; attended the schools of Camden and Savannah, Ga. ; became a merchant; member of the house of representatives of Florida in 1860 and 1861; captain of cavalry in the Confederate army; elected lieutenant governor of Florida in 1876; presented credentials as a Democratic Member- elect to the Forty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1879, to January 22, 1881, when he was succeeded by Horatio Bishop, jr., who contested his election; died in Jacksonville, Fla., January 28, 1907. Humphrey, Charles, a Representative from New York; born in Orange county, N. Y., in 1791; attended public schools; moved to Ithaca, Tomp- kins county; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827); surrogate 1831- 1834; member of the state house of representatives 1834-1836 and 1842, and served as speaker Jan- uary 6, 1835, to May 26, 1836; died in Albany, N. Y., July 18, 1850. Humphrey, Herman Leon, a Representative from Wisconsin; bom in Candor, Tioga county, N. Y., March 14, 1830; received a public school training, with the addition of one year in Cortland academy; became a clerk in Ithaca, N. Y.; after several years in business he studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in July, 1854, and moved to Hudson, Wis., where he commenced practice in January, 1855; appointed district attorney of St. Croix county; was appointed county judge to fill a vacancy, in the fall of 1860, and in the spring of 1861 was elected for the full term of four years; elected to the state senate for two years, and in February, 1862, resigned the office of county judge; mayor of Hudson one year; elected in the spring of 1866 judge of the eighth judicial circuit, and reelected in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); resumed the practice of law; reelected to the legislature in 1886; died in Hudson, Wis., June 10, 1902. Humphrey, James, a Representative from New York; born in Fairfield, Conn., October 9, 1811; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Amherst college in 1831; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; moved to Louisville, Ky., in 1837, and one year later to New York; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); reelected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, and served from March 4, 1865, until his death in Brooklyn, N. Y., June 16, 1866. Humphrey, James Morgan, a Representative from New York; born in Holland, N. Y., Septem- ber 21, 1819; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; dis- trict attorney for Erie county 1857-1859; member of the state senate 1863-1865; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); appointed to the superior court of Buffalo, N. Y., in 1871, and served until January 1, 1873; died in Buffalo, N. Y., February 9, 1899. Humphrey, Reuben, a Representative from New York; was a native of that state; completed preparatory studies; judge of Onandaga county 1804-1806; member of the state senate 1811-1814; elected to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807- March 3, 1809). Humphrey, William E., a Representative from Washington; born near Alamo, Montgomery county, Ind., March 31, 1862; attended common schools and was graduated from Wabash college, Crawfordsville, Ind., in 1887; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1887, and practiced in Crawfordsville until 1893; in 1893 removed to Seattle, Wash., where he practiced his profession; in 1898 was elected corporation counsel of the city of Seattle; reelected in 1900; elected as a Republi- can to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Humphreys, Andrew, a Representative from Indiana!; elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, to BIOGRAPHIES. 747 fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James D. Williams, and served from December 5, 1876, to March 3, 1877. Humphreys, Benjamin G-rubb, a Represen- tative from Mississippi; born in Claiborne county, Miss., August 17, 1865; attended the University of Mississippi until the close of his junior year; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in November, 1891; superintendent of education for Leflore county 1892-1896; district attorney for the fourth district of Mississippi 1895-1899; reelected in 1899; raised a company in April, 1898, for service in the Spanish- American war and was its first lieutenant; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Humphreys, Charles, a Delegate from Penn- sylvania; born in Haverford, Pa., in 1712; com- pleted preparatory studies; engaged in milling; member of the provincial congress. 1764-1774; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1774-1776; voted against the Declaration of Independence, as he was a Quaker and opposed to war; died in Haverford, Pa., March 11, 1786. Humphreys, Parry W., a Representative from Tennessee; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Tennessee; judge of the superior court of Tennessee 1807-1809; judge of the state judicial circuit 1809- 1813, and 1818-1836; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); moved to Hernando, Miss., and was president of the bank of Hernando; died in Hernando, Miss., March 1, 1839. Hungerford, John Newton, a Representative from New York; born in Vernon, Oneida county, N. Y., December 31, 1825; completed preparatory studies, and in 1846 was graduated from Plamilton college ; engaged in the banking business in Corning in 1848; delegate in the Republican national con- vention in Philadelphia in 1872; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); died in Corning, N. Y., April 2, 1883. Hungerford, John Pratt, a Representative from Virginia; born in Leeds, Westmoreland county, Va., in January 2, 1761; received a thorough English training; served in the Revolutionary war; member of the house of delegates for several terms ; presented credentials as a Democratic Member- elect to the Twelfth Congress, and served from March 4, 1811, to December 2, 1811, when he was succeeded by John Taliaferro, who contested his election; elected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); served in the war of 1812 as brigadier general of militia; died in Twiford, Westmoreland county, Va., De- cember 21, 1833. Hungerford, Orville, a Representative from New York; born in Farmington, Conn., October 20, 1790; attended the public schools, and moved to Watertown, N. Y.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; presidential elector in 1836; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); died in Watertown, N. Y., April 6, 1855. Hunt, Carleton, a Representative from Loui- siana; born in New Orleans, La., January 1, 1836; was graduated from Harvard college in 1856, and from the law department of the University of Louisiana in 1858; admitted to the bar in 1858; elected in 1860 a member of the convention of the Constitutional Union party which met in Baton Rouge, La.; appointed in April, 1861, first lieu- tenant in the Louisiana regiment of artillery, Con- federate army; administrator of the University of Louisiana in 1866 ; appointed professor of admiralty and international law in the University of Loui- siana in 1869, and later dean of the faculty for ten years; professor of civil law in the University of Louisiana in 1879; doctor of laws in the same uni- versity in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); resumed the practice of law in New Orleans, La. Hunt, Hiram P., a Representative from New York; native of that state; attended the public schools; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); defeated for reelection; elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); declined a reelection; died in Troy, N. Y. Hunt, James Bennett, a Representative from Michigan; born in New York, August 13, 1799; pursued an academic course; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in New York City.; moved to Pontiac, Mich., in 1836; judge of probate in 1836; prosecuting attorney of Oakland county 1841-1843; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4 r 1843-March 3, 1847); died in Washing- ton, D. C., August 15, 1857. Hunt, John Thomas, a Representative from Missouri; born in St. Louis, Mo., in 1860, and at- tended the common schools; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907). Hunt, Jonathan, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Vernon, Vt., August 12, 1780; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1807; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Brattleboro, Vt., elected to the Twentieth, Twenty- first, and Twenty-second Congresses, and served from March 4, 1827, until his death in Washington, D. C., May 15, 1832. Hunt, Samuel, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Charlestown, N. H., July 8, 1765; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Alstead, N. H.; abandoned practice in 1795; member of the state legislature of New Hampshire; elected to the Seventh Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph Pierce; reelected to the Eighth Congress and served from December 6, 1802, to March 3, 1805; died in Marietta, Ohio, July 7, 1807. Hunt, Theodore Gaillard, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Charleston, S. C., October 23, 1805; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was graduated from Columbia college, New York, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in New Orleans, La. ; district attorney for New Orleans; member of the state legislature; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); judge of the first Louisiana district, then the criminal court of New Orleans, in 1859; colonel of the fifth Louisiana regiment in the Confederate service in 1861-1862; adjutant general of Louisiana at the close of the 748 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Civil war; died in New Orleans, La., November 15, 1893. Hunt, Washington, a Representative from New York; born in Windham, Greene county, N. Y., August 5, 1811; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Lockport, N. Y., in 1834; first judge of the court of common pleas of Niagara county in 1836-1841; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1849); comptroller of New York 1849-1850; governor 1850-1852; defeated for reelec- tion; retired to his farm near Lockport; was tempo- rary chairman of the last Whig national convention in 1856; was tendered the Democratic nomination for vice president in 1860, but declined; delegate to the Chicago convention of 1864; died in New York City, February 2, 1867. Hunter, Andrew Jackson, a Representative from Illinois; born in Greencastle, Ind., December 17, 1831; moved with his parents to Edgar county, 111.; attended the common schools and Edgar academy; commenced business life as a civil engi- neer; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Paris, 111. ; elected to the state senate in 1864; a member of the board of investigation of state institutions; elected county judge of the Edgar county court in 1886, and again in 1890, and served six years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); reelected to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897- March 3, 1899); died in Paris, 111., January 12, 1913. Hunter, John, a Representative and a Senator from South Carolina; born in South Carolina about 1760; completed preparatory studies; elected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795); elected to the United States Senate, to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of Pierce Butler, and served from December 8, 1796, to December 31, 1798, when he resigned. Hunter, John Ward, a Representative from New York; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., October 15, 1807 ; received a liberal schooling; clerk in the New York customhouse 1831-1836; assistant auditor of customhouse 1836-1865; engaged in banking; elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, to fill va- cancy caused by the death of James Humphrey, and served from December 4, 1866, to March 3, 1867; mayor of Brooklyn 1875-76; died April 16, 1900. Hunter, Morton Craig, a Representative from Indiana; born in Versailles, Ind., February 5, 1825; completed a preparatory course; was grad- uated from the law department of Indiana uni- versity in 1849, and admitted to the bar; served in the state house of representatives 1858; served in the Civil war with the Union forces; commanded the first brigade, third division, fourteenth army corps; with Sherman in his march to the sea; was bre vetted brigadier general of volunteers; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); reelected to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879); died Octo- ber 25, 1896. Hunter, Nars-worthy, a Delegate from Missis- sippi territory; elected to the Seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1801, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 1, 1802. Hunter, Robert Mercer Taliaferro, a Repre- sentative and a Senator from Virginia; born in Essex county, Va., April 21, 1809; received a liberal schooling, and was graduated from the University of Virginia; studied law, and in 1830 admitted to the bar; member of the state legislature in 1833; elected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty- sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843); defeated for reelection; served as Speaker of the House in the Twenty- sixth Congress; defeated for the Twenty-eighth Congress; elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1847, until he withdrew when Virginia seceded, March 28, 1861, and July 11, 1861, was formally expelled; was the author of the tariff act of 1857; a presidential candidate in 1860; delegate from Virginia to the Confederate provincial congress at Richmond; member of the Confederate senate from Virginia to the first and second congresses, and served as president pro tempore; Confederate secretary of state July 25, 1861, to February 18, 1862; in February, 1865, was one of the peace com- missioners that met with President Lincoln and his party in Hampton Roads; elected state treasurer of Virginia in 1877; collector at Tappannock, Va.; died in Essex county, Va., July 18, 1887. Hunter, Whiteside Godfrey, a Representative from Kentucky; born December 25, 1841; studied medicine and was admitted to practice; surgeon in the Union army during the Civil war; three times elected a member of the Kentucky legislature; delegate to the Republican national convention at Chicago in 1880 and at Minneapolis in 1892; United States minister to Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and San Salvador from November 8, 1897; to De- cember 8, 1902; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); reelected to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4 1895-March 3, 1897); again elected to the Fifty, eighth Congress, November 10, 1903, to fill va. cancy caused by the death of Vincent Boreing and served from December 4, 1903, to March 3' 1905; a practicing physician in Washington, D. 0' Hunter, William, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Newport, R. I., November 26, 1774; was graduated from Brown universtiy in 1791; studied law in London; returned to Newport and in 1796 was admitted to the bar; member of the state house of representatives 1799-1811; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Christopher G. Champlin; reelected, and served from October 28, 1811, to March 3, 1821 ; again a member of the state general assembly 1822-1826; resumed the practice of law in Newport until commissioned charge d'affaires to Brazil June 28, 1834, and minister plenipotentiary September 13, 1841; served until December 9, 1843; died in Newport, R. I. r December 3, 1849. Hunter, William, a Representative from Ver- mont; native of that state; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the general assembly in 1795, and 1807-1809; register of probate 1798-1801; judge of probate 1801-1802; assistant judge of the county court 1805-1816; member of the council of censors in 1806 and 1820; state councilor in 1809, 1814, and 1815; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819). Hunter, William Forrest, a Representative from Ohio; born in Alexandria, Va., December 10, BIOGRAPHIES. 749 1808; received a common school training; studied law and practiced; moved to Woodsfield, Ohio; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first and Thirty- second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); died in Woodsfield, Ohio, March 30, 1874. Hunter, William. H., a Representative from Ohio; elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839). Huntington, Abel, a Representative from New York; born in Norwich, Conn., February 21, 1777; received a liberal schooling; moved to East Hampton, Long Island, where he practiced medi- cine; presidential elector in 1820; member of the state senate in 1822; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); member of the state con- stitutional convention of 1846; collector of customs at Sag Harbor 1845-1849; died in East Hampton Conn., May 18, 1858. Huntington, Benjamin, a Delegate and a Representative from Connecticut; born in Nor- wich, Conn., April 19, 1736; was graduated from Yale college in 1761; studied law and began prac- tice in Norwich; Delegate to the Continental Con- gress 1780-1784 and 1787-1788; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); served in the state senate 1781-1791 and 1791-1793; judge of the state superior court 1793-1798; mayor of Nor- wich 1784-1796; died in Rome, N. Y., October 16, 1800; interment in Norwich, Conn. Huntington, Ebenezer, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Norwich, Conn., De- cember 26, 1754; was graduated from Yale college in 1775; served in the Revolutionary army, first in the Lexington alarm in April, 1775; lieutenant in Col. Samuel Wyllis's regiment, and was made captain in May, 177C; brigade major and adjutant general to Gen. Heath August, 1776; major in ol. Webb's additional Continental regiment January 1, 1777; lieutenant colonel October 10, 1778; transferred to the third Connecticut regi- ment January 1, 1781, and to the first Connecticut January 1, 1783; brigadier general United States army July 19, 1798, when war with France was threatened; honorably discharged June 15, 1800; elected to the Eleventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel W. Dana, and served from December 3, 1810, to March 3, 1811; reelected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); died in Norwich, Conn., June 17, 1834. Huntington, Jabez Williams, a Representa- tive and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Nor- wich, Conn., November 8, 1788; pursued classical studies; was graduated from Yale college in 1806; studied law and admitted to the bar, commencing practice in Litchfield; state representative in 1829; elected to the Twenty -first, Twenty -second, and Twenty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1829, until August 16, 1834, when he resigned to accept the appointment of judge of the state su- preme court of errors; moved to Norwich; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, to fill va- cancy caused by the death of Thaddeus Betts; reelected and served from May 4, 1840, until his death in Norwich, Conn., November 1, 1847. Huntington, Samuel, a Delegate from Con- necticut; born in Windham, Conn., July 3, 1731; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1758, and commenced prac- tice in Norwich in 1758; in the colonial assembly of 1764; appointed in 1765 Crown's attorney; execu- tive councilor in 1763; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1776-1781, and its president from Sep- tember 28, 1799, to July 6, 1781, when he retired, receiving the thanks of the Congress, but was re- turned again for a short period in 1783; a signer of the Declaration of Independence; superior court judge 1774-1784, and chief justice in 1784; lieu- tenant-governor in 1785 and governor 1786-1796, until his death in Norwich, Conn., January 5, 1796. Hunton, Eppa, a Representative and a Senator from Virginia; born in Fauquier county, Va., Sep- tember 24, 1822; his early schooling was limited; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; commonwealth attorney for the county of Prince William 1849-1862; member of Virginia convention in Richmond, February, 1861; served through its first session, and then entered the Confederate army as colonel of the eighth Virginia infantry; pro- moted after the battle of Gettysburg, and served through the residue of the war as brigadier gen- eral, succeeding Brig. Gen. Garnett; captured at Sailors Creek, April 6, 1865, and released from Fort Warren in July, 1865; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3' 1881); appointed and subsequently elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of John S. Barbour, and served from May 28, 1892, to March 3, 1895; member of the Hayes- Tilden electoral commission; resumed the practice of law in Warrenton, Va. ; died in Richmond, Va. , October 11, 1908. Huntsman, Adam, a Representative from Ten- nessee; native of Virginia; moved to Jackson, Tenn. ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); defeated for the Twenty-fifth Congress. Hurd, Frank Hunt, a Representative from Ohio; born in Mount Vernon, Ohio, December 25, 1840; was graduated from Kenyon college in 1858; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1861; prosecuting attorney of Knox county in 1863; mem- ber of the state senate in 1866 ; appointed to codify the criminal laws of Ohio in 1868; moved to Toledo in 1869; city solicitor of Toledo, Ohio, in 1871-1873; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); reelected to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); again elected to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Toledo, Ohio, July 10, 1896. Hurlburt, Stephen Augustus, a Representa- tive from Illinois; born in Charleston, S. C., November 29, 1815; completed preparatory studies; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1837; served as adjutant of a South Carolina regiment in the Florida war; moved to Belvidere, 111., in 1845; Whig delegate to the constitutional convention of Illinois in 1847; presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1848 and on the Republican ticket in 1868; member of the legislature in 1859, 1861, and 1867; served in the Union army 1861-1865, being appointed brigadier general of volunteers May 17, 1861, and major general September 17, 1862; mus- tered out June 20, 1865; minister resident to the United States of Colombia 1869-1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); ap- pointed minister to Peru in 1881, and died in Lima, Peru, March 27, 1882. 750 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Hurley, Denis Michael, a Representative from New York; born in the city of Limerick, Ireland, March 14, 1843; came to Brooklyn, N. Y., in June, 1850; moved to New York City in 1854, and re- turned to Brooklyn in 1866; attended the public schools and learned the carpenter's trade, and en- gaged as a building contractor; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses and served from March 4, 1895, until his death in Hot Springs, Va., February 26, 1899. Hutcheson, Joseph Chappell, a Representa- tive from Texas; born in Mecklenburg county, Va., May 18, 1842; was graduated from Randolph- Macon college and the University of Virginia; en- listed as a private soldier in the twenty-first Vir- ginia regiment; served in the valley under Stone- wall Jackson, and surrendered at Appornattox, at which time he was in command of company E, fourteenth Virginia regiment; emigrated to Texas October, 1866; engaged in the practice of law; member of the Texas legislature in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); re- sumed the practice of law in Houston, Tex. Hutchins, John, a Representative from Ohio; born in Vienna, Ohio, July 25, 1812; pursued clas- sical studies; attended the. Western Reserve college; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1837; common pleas court clerk for Trumbull county, 1838-1843; state representative in 1849; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863). Hutchins, Waldo, a Representative from New York; born in Brooklyn, Conn., in 1823; was grad- uated from Amherst college; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in New York City; member of the legislature in 1852, and of the constitutional convention of 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alexander Smith; reelected to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses, and served from March 18, 1879, to March 3, 1885; after leaving Congress returned to New York City and resumed the practice of law; member of the park commission at the time of his death, February 8, 1891, in New York City. Hutchins, Wells Andrews, a Representative from Ohio; born in Hartford, Ohio, October 8, 1818; attended and taught public schools; studied law and admitted to the bar in 1841; state repre- sentative in 1851; appointed United States provost marshal for Ohio in 1862; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1865); died in Portsmouth, Ohio, January 25, 1895. Hutson, Richard, a Delegate from South Caro- lina; born in Prince William parish, S. C., June 12, 1748; pursued classical studies, and was grad- uated from Princeton college in 1765; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Charles- ton, S. C.; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1778-1779; confined as a prisoner at St. Augustine, Fla., 1780-1781; member of the privy council of South Carolina 1780-1782; lieutenant governor 1782-1783; intendant of Charleston 1783-1784; chancellor of South Carolina 1784-1791; member state constitutional convention of 1788; senior judge of the chancery court 1791-1795; died in Philadelphia, Pa., April 12, 1795. Hutton, John E., a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Polk county, Tenn., March 28, 1828; j moved with his parents to Troy, Lincoln county, Mo.; attended the common schools and the medical department of the St. Louis university; entered the Union army and was commissioned colonel of the Fifty-ninth Missouri infantry; after the war studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Warrenton, Mo., in 1864; then moved to Mexico, Mo., and became the owner and pub- lisher of The Intelligencer, a Democratic paper; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fif- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Mexico, Mo., December 28, 1893. Huyler, John, a Representative from New Jer- sey; born in New York City, June 16, 1809; attended the public schools; moved to Hackensack, N. J., in 1846, engaging in the lumber business; president of supervisors of Bergen county; state representa- tive 1850-1853, and served the last year as speaker of the house; judge of the court of appeals 1853- 1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); defeated as a Lecompton Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Con- gress; died in Hackensack, N. J., January 9, 1870. Hyde, Ira Barnes, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Guilford, N. Y., January 18, 1838; attended Oberlin college, Ohio; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1861 in St. Paul, Minn.; served in the Union army; moved to Missouri in 1866; appointed prosecuting attorney in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); engaged in the practice of law and in banking, in Princeton, Mo. Hyde, Samuel Clarence, a Representative from Washington; born in Fort Ticonderoga, N. Y., April 22, 1842; moved to Wisconsin; attended the common schools; served in the seventeenth regi- ment Wisconsin infantry in the Civil war; studied law in the Iowa State university, admitted to the bar, and practiced in Rock Rapids, Iowa, five years; moved to Washington territory ' in 1877, where he lived on Puget Sound three years; moved to Spokane in 1880; elected prosecuting attorney the same year and reelected three times; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); a justice of the peace in Spokane, Wash. Hyman, John Adams, a Representative from North Carolina; born a slave in Warren county, N. C., July 23, 1840; sold and sent to Alabama; eman- cipated in 1865; returned to North Carolina and engaged in farming; pursued elementary studies; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1868, and a state senator 1868-1874; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); appointed collector of inter- nal revenue of the second district of North Caro- lina in June, 1877; died in Washington, D. C., Sep- tember 14, 1891. Hyneman, John M., a Representative from Pennsylvania; native of Berks county, Pa.; pur- sued classical studies; served in the state house of representatives in 1809; elected to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1811, to 1813, when he resigned; surveyor of Berks county 1814-1824. Hynes, William J., a Representative from Arkansas; born in County Clare, Ireland, March 31, 1843; in 1854 emigrated to the United States and located in New York; attended the public schools of Massachusetts; learned the art of printing; BIOGRAPHIES. 751 studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1870 in Little Rock, Ark.; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); moved to Chicago in 1876 and resumed the practice of law. Dirie, Peter, jr., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Easton, Pa., February 3, 1796; was graduated from Dickinson college in 1815; studied law, was admitted to bar August 20, 1818, and practiced in Easton, Pa.; member of the State legislature; brigadier general of state militia in 1845; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833); brigadier general of state militia; charter member of board of trustees of Laf yette college in 1826 ; a director of the Easton bank; died in Easton, Pa., March 29, 1871. Dart, George Pierce, a Representative from Ohio; born near West Beaver, Columbiana county, Ohio, November 3, 1852; attended the common and public schools of New Lisbon; taught school and studied law, but ill health compelled an abandonment of both; attended the Columbus medical college; moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, was graduated from the Cincinnati college of medicine and surgery in 1877 and practiced five years; went to New York in 1882; was graduated from the Bellevue hospital medical college in 1883, and again resumed practice; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, , 1893-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of medicine in East Liverpool, Ohio. Dsley, Daniel, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Falmouth, Mass, (afterwards Maine), May 30, 1740; received a liberal schooling; became a distiller; major and mustering officer, Falmouth, Me.; delegate in the state convention that adopted the Federal constitution; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a. Democrat to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807- March 3, 1809); died in Falmouth (now Portland), Me., May 10, 1813. Irnlay, James H., a Representative from New Jersey; native of New Jersey; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Princeton college in 1786, where he was also a tutor; elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1800). Ingalls, John James, a Senator from Kansas; born in Middleton, Mass., December 29, 1833; completed preparatory studies in Haverhill, Mass., and was graduated from Williams college in 1855; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1857; moved to Sumner, Kans., in October, 1858; mem- ber of the Wyandotte constitutional convention in 1859; secretary of the territorial council in 1860; secretary of the state senate in 1861; member of the state senate from Atchison county in 1862; defeated as the Republican candidate for lieu- tenant governor in 1863, and 1864; edited the Atchison Champion, and aided in founding the Kansas Magazine; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; reelected in 1879 and 1885, and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1891; elected President pro tempore of the Senate Feb- ruary 25, 1887; reelected March 7, 1889; April 2, 1889; December 5, 1889; February 28, 1890; April 3, 1890, when chosen to preside "during future absences of the Vice President, and at the pleasure of the Senate;" resigned as President pro tempore February 19, 1891; defeated for reelection to the United States Senate; died in East Las Vegas, N. Mex., August 16, 1900. Inge, Samuel Williams, a Representative from Alabama; born in Warren county, N. C., February 22, 1817; moved to Greene county, Ala.; attended public schools ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Livingston county, Ala.; member of the state house of representatives 1844- 1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); participated in a duel with Edward Stanley, a representative from North Carolina on the Bla- densburg grounds, but neither received serious injuries; resumed practice of law; appointed by President Pierce United States attorney for the northern district of California in 1853; died in San Francisco, Cal., in 1867. Inge, William Marshall, a Representative from Tennessee; native of Tennessee; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); moved to Livingston, Sumter county, Ala., in 1836; member of the state house of representatives in 1840, 1844, and 1845; died in Livingston, Ala., in 1846. Ingersoll, Charles Jared, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., October 3, 1782; received an academic training; studied law and began practice in Philadelphia, Pa.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); appointed United S.tates district attorney for Pennsylvania, 1815-1829; member of the state legislature; secre- tary of legation to Prussia in 1837; eleTted as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1849); appointed minister to France in 1847, but not confirmed by the Senate; died in Philadel- phia, Pa., May 14, 1862. Ingersoll, Colin Macrae, a Representative from Connecticut; born in New Haven, Conn., March 11, 1819; received an academic training, and was graduated from Trinity college in 1839; clerk of the state senate in 1843; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New Haven, Conn.; appointed secretary of legation at St. Petersburg by President Polk 1847-1848, and was acting charge" d'affaires in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); adju- tant general of Connecticut in 1867 and 1871; died in New Haven, Conn., September 13, 1903. Ingersoll, Ebon Clark, a Representative from Illinois; born in Dresden, Yates county, N. Y., December 12, 1831; moved to Wisconsin Territory in 1843 and subsequently to Illinois; pursued classical studies in Peoria, 111., and in Paducah, Ky.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1854, and began practice in Peoria, 111.; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by death of Owen Lovejoy; re- elected to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty- first Congresses, and served from May 20, 1864, to March 3, 1871; died in Washington, D. C., May 31, 1879. Ingersoll, Jared, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania; born in New Haven, Conn., October 24, 1749; received a classical education; was graduated from Yale college in 1766; studied law at the Mid- dle Temple, London, England; located in Phila- delphia, Pa., in 1771; was admitted to the bar in 752 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1773; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1780- 1781; delegate in the convention that framed the Federal constitution in 1787; the first attorney general of Pennsylvania, 1790-1799 and 1811- 1817; appointed United States district attorney for the eastern district of Pennsylvania; declined appointment of judge of the Federal court in 1801; unsuccessful Federalist candidate for Vice Presi- dent of the United States in 1812; presiding judge of the district courts of Philadelphia county until his death in Philadelphia, Pa., October 31, 1822. Ingersoll, Joseph Heed, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., June 14, 1786; pursued a classical course, and was graduated from Princeton college in 1804 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice in Philadelphia, Pa. ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Sergeant; reelected to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty- ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses, and served from December 9, 1841, to March 3, 1849; declined fur- ther reelection; appointed minister to Great Brit- ain, and served from August 21, 1852, to August 23, 1853; died in Philadelphia, Pa., February 20, 1868. Ingersoll, Ralph Isaacs, a Representative from Connecticut; born in New Haven, Conn., February 8, 1789; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale college in 1808; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1811, and com- menced practice in New Haven; member of th state house of representatives 1820-1825- electee as a Democrat to the Nineteenth and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1833); attorney general of Connecticut; minister to Russia, August 8, 1846, to July 1, 1848, when he resigned; died in New Haven Conn., August 26, 1872. Ingham, Samuel, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Hebron, Conn., September 5, 1793; attended school in Vermont; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1815, and commenced practice in Saybrook in 1817; state attorney for Middlesex county, 1827-1835 and in 1843-1844; judge of probate, 1829-1833; judge of the Middle- sex county court, 1849-1853 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839) ; member of the state house of representatives, and served three years as speaker; elected to the state senate; defeated as the Democratic candidate for the United States Senate in 1854; United States commissioner of cus- toms December 5, 1857, to May 14, 1861; died in Essex, Conn., November 10, 1881. Ingham, Samuel Delusenna, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Great Spring (near New Hope), Bucks county, Pa., September 16, 1779; attended the public schools; engaged in the manufacture of paper; member of the state legis- lature for three years; secretary of the common- wealth; prothonotary at Doylestown; elected as a Jefferson Democrat to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1813, to July 6, 1818, when he resigned; elected to the Seventeenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel Moore; reelected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Con- fresses, and served from December 2, 1822, to larch 3, 1829; Secretary of the Treasury from March 6, 1829, to June 21, 1831, when he resigned; died in Trenton, N. J., June 5, 1860. Irby, John Laurens Manning, a Senator from South Carolina; born in Laurens, S. C., September 10, 1854; attended Laurensville male academy, the College of New Jersey, Princeton, N. J., and the University of Virginia; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1876, and practiced in Laurens until 1879; appointed lieutenant colonel of South Caro- lina militia in 1877; member of state house of rep- resentatives in 1886, 1888, and 1890, and speaker in 1890; chairman of the state Democratic executive committee in the campaign of 1890; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1891, to March 3, 1897; resumed the practice of law in Laurens, S. C., and died there, December 9, 1900. Iredell, James, a Senator from North Carolina; born in Edenton, N. C., November 2, 1788; pur- sued classical studies, and was graduated from Princeton college in 1806; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1809; served in the War of 1812 as captain of a company of volunteers, and went to the defense of Norfolk, Va. ; representative in the state legislature 1816-1827, and speaker 1817- 1819; appointed judge of the superior court of North Carolina in March, and resigned in May, 1819; governor of North Carolina, 1827-1828; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Nathaniel Macon, and served from December 23, 1828, to March 3, 1831; moved to Raleigh, where he practiced law and was supreme court reporter and a commissioner to revise the state laws'; died in Edenton, N. C., April 13, 1853. Irion, Alfred Briggs, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Bunkie, Avoyelles parish, La., February 18, 1833; attended the common schools and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1855; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1857 ; delegate in the state convention of 1860, and opposed secession; entered the Confed- erate army; member of the state house of represen- tatives; edited a newspaper in Marksville, La.; moved to Evergreen, La., in 1870, and engaged in planting; elected judge of the circuit court of appeals in 1880, and served four years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887) ; retired to his plantation home at Eola, La.; died at the home of a son in New Orleans, La., May 21, 1903. Irvin, Alexander, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Center county, Pa., January 18, 1800; resided in Clearfield; elected to the state senate in 1834; United States marshal, western district of Pennsylvania, under President Taylor; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); died in Clearfield, Pa., March 20, 1874. Irvin, James, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Linden Hall, Center county, Pa., February 18, 1800; attended common schools; en- gaged in mercantile business, in milling, mining, and manufacturing in Oak Hall, Milesburg, and Bellefonte, Pa. ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845); WTiig candidate for governor in 1847, and defeated; naval storekeeper in Phila- delphia after financial losses in 1857 ; died in Hecla, Schuykill county, Pa., November 28, 1862. Irvin, William W., a Representative from Ohio; born in Albemarle county, Va., in 1778; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to BIOGRAPHIES. 753 the bar, and began practice in Lancaster, Ohio; held several local offices; member of the state gen- eral assembly 1806-1808; justice of the state su- preme court 1808-1815; representative in the state general assembly 1825-1828, and served as speaker 1825-1826; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829- March 3, 1833); defeated for reelection to the Twenty -third Congress; died in Lancaster, Ohio, April 19, 1842. Irvine, William, a Delegate and a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Fermanagh, Ulster, Ireland, November 3, 1741; pursued classi- cal studies, and was graduated from the Dublin university; studied medicine and was admitted to practice; served as surgeon on a British man-of-war; came to Carlisle, Pa., in 1763; delegate to the state Revolutionary conventions, 1764-1766; colonel of the sixth Pennsylvania regiment in the Revolu- tionary army; captured in Canada June 16, 1776, and remained a prisoner of war until exchanged, May 6, 1778; appointed brigadier general May 12, 1779, and served until the close of the war; Delegate from Pennsylvania in the Continental Congress, 1786-1788; commanded the state troops in whisky insurrection in 1794; elected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795); moved to Phila- delphia, where he was superintendent of military stores, 1801-1804; died in Philadelphia, Pa., July 29, 1804. Irvine, William, a Representative from New York; born in Broome county, N. Y., in 1820, moved to Greene county, N. Y., in 1841; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849, and began practice in Corning, Steuben county, N. Y. ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); served in the Civil war; assisted in raising the tenth regiment of cavalry, New York volunteers, of which he became lieu- tenant colonel November 25, 1861; brevet colonel and brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, ''for faithful and meritorious service"; mustered out December 6, 1864; adjutant general of New York 1865-1866; moved to California and resumed practice of law; died in San Francisco, Cal., November 12, 1882 Irving, William, a Representative from New York; born in New York City August 15, 1766; completed preparatory studies; engaged in mercan- tile trade and in the fur trade with the Indians along the Mohawk River; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Egbert Benson; reelected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses and served from January 22, 1814, to April 20, 1818, when he resigned on account of declining health; contrib- uted several essays and poems to Salmagundi, pub- lished by his brother, Washington Irving; died in New York City November 9, 1821. Irwin, Harvey Samuel, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Highland county, Ohio, Decem- ber 10, 1844; was graduated from the high school of Greenfield, Ohio; began the study of law, but abandoned that to enlist in the Union army; as- sisted in raising a regiment of artillery, which was consolidated with another regiment, and commis- sioned a lieutenant; transferred to a special corps in the Regular army, in which he served until the the close of the war; located in Louisville, Ky.; resumed the study of law and was admitted to the bar; appointed successively assistant internal- reve- nue assessor, deputy clerk of the United States dis- 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 48 trict court, and chief deputy collector of the fifth internal-revenue district of Kentucky; assisted in founding the Home and Savings Fund company; elected railroad commissioner, 1895; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4. 1901-March 3, 1903); defeated for the Fifty-eighth Congress; resumed the practice of law in Washing- ton, D. C. Irwin, Jared, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817). Irwin, Thomas, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., February 22, 1785; attended common schools and Franklin col- lege; editor of the Philadelphia Repository in 1804; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1808, and began practice in Union town; appointed In- dian agent at Natchitoches, La., where he also practiced law for two years; returned to Union- town, Pa., and was a member of the state legisla- ture, 1824-1826; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); appointed by President Jackson a United States judge for the western district of Pennsyl- vania, and served until his death in Pittsburgh, Pa, May 14, 1870. Irwin, William Wallace, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Pittsburgh, Pa., in 1803; attended a private school in Pittsburgh and Alle- gheny college, Meadville, Pa.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Pittsburgh; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); charge d'affaires to Denmark, March 3, 1843, to June 12, 1847; died in Pittsburgh, Pa., September 15, 1856. Isacks, Jacob C., a Representative from Ten- nessee; native of Montgomery county, Pa.; moved to Winchester, Tenn.; elected to the Eighteenth and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1833); defeated for the Twenty- third Congress. Ittner, Anthony, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Dayton, Ohio, October 8, 1837; attended the common schools; engaged in contract- ing and building; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1844, and engaged in brick manufacture; member of the city council of St. Louis, Mo., 1867-1868; member of the general assembly of Missouri, 1868; elected to the state senate 1870 and 1874; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); returned to business pursuits in St. Louis, Mo. Iverson, Alfred, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Georgia; born in Burke county, Ga., De- cember 3, 1798; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Princeton college in 1820; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Columbus, Ga.; member of the state house of representatives for three years, and of the state senate one year; judge of the state superior court for seven years; presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1855, to January 28, 1861, when he retired ; served in the Confederate armv as colonel; appointed brigadier general in 1862; died in Macon, Ga., March 5, 1873. 754 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. Ives, Willard, a Representative from New York; born in Watertown/, N. Y., July 7, 1806; attended the public schools; engaged in agricultural pur- suits; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); died in Watertown, N. Y., in April 19, 1896. Izard,, Ralph, a Delegate and a Senator from South Carolina; born near Charleston, S. C., in 1742; pursued classical studies in Hackney, and was graduated from Christ college, Cambridge, England; returned to America, but went abroad to reside in 1771; lived in London and Paris, was appointed commissioner to the court of Tuscany, but recalled in 1779: Delegate from South Carolina in the Continental Congress, 1782-1783; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1795; President pro tempore of the Senate from May 31, 1794, to February 20, 1795; pledged his large estate in South Carolina for the payment of ships of war to be used in the Revolu- tion; founder of the College of Charleston; died near Charleston, S. C., May 30, 1804. Izlar, James Ferdinand, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Orangeburg county, S. C., November 25, 1832; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Emory college, Oxford, Ga., in 1855; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1858; served as an officer in the Con- federate army; after the war returned to Orange- burg, and resumed the practice of law; elected to the state senate for twelve years, and for eight years was president pro tempore of the body; elected by the general assembly judge of the first judicial circuit in 1889;. delegate in the Demo- cratic national convention of 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William H. Brawley, and served from April 12, 1894, to March 3, 1895; resumed the practice of law in Orangeburg, until he retired in 1907; died in Orangeburg, S. C., May 26, 1912. Jack, Summers Melville, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Summersville, Jeffer- son county, Pa., July 18, 1852; attended the public and private schools of Jefferson county and the Indiana normal school of Pennsylvania; taught school for six years; studied law in Indiana, Pa., was admitted to the bar September 10, 1879, and practiced in Indiana, Pa.; district attorney for Indiana county 1884-1890; mem- ber of the board of trustees of the Indiana nor- mal school in 1886, 1889, 1892, 1895, and 1898; chairman of the congressional conference for the twenty-first district in 1896; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903); member of delegation of Senators and Representatives sent to the Philippine islands in 1901 to inquire into advisability of establishing civil government; re- sumed the practice of law in Indiana, Pa. Jack, William, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; native of Pennsylvania; lived in Brook- ville; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843). Jackson, Alfred Metcalf, a Representative from Kansas; born in South Carrollton, Muhlen- berg county, Ky., July 14, I860; attended West Kentucky college, studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Howard, Elk county, Kans., in 1881, and engaged in the practice of law; elected county attorney in 1890 and 1892; elected judge of the thirteenth judicial district and served one term; moved to Winfield, Kans., elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901- March 3, 1903) ; resumed the practice of law in Win- field, Kans. Jackson, Amos Henry, a Representative irom Ohio; born near the village of Franklin, Delaware county, N. Y., May 10, 1847; moved to Gibson, Steuben county, -N. Y., in 1854; attended school in Gibson; moved to Corning, N. Y., in 18G2; went West in 1866, and located in Fremont, Ohio, and engaged in garment manufacture; elected mayor of Fremont in 1897 and 1899; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1905); a resident of Fremont, Ohio, and identified with manufacturing interests. Jackson, Andrew, a Representative and a Senator from Tennessee; born at the George McKenney homestead in Mecklenberg county, N. C., March 15, 1767; moved with his mother to the Waxhaw settlement in South Carolina in 1767; attended the "old field" school, the academy of Dr. Humphries, and Queens college, Charlotte, N. C., for a short period; during the Revolution was captured by the British and confined in the stockade in Camden, S. C.; left an orphan at 14 years of age; worked for a time in a saddler's shop and afterwards taught school; studied law in Salisbury, N. C., 1785-1788, and was admitted to the bar in 1787; appointed solicitor of the western district of North Carolina, comprising what is now the state of Tennessee, in 1788, and located in Nashville, Tenn., in October, 1788; delegate to the convention to frame a constitution for the new state in Knoxville, Tenn., in January, 1796; elected as a Democrat to the Fourth Congress, and served from December 5, 1796, to March 3, 1797; elected to the United States Senate, and served from September 26, 1797, until his resignation in April, 1798; elected judge of the state supreme court of Tennessee, and served from 1798 to July 24, 1804; moved to the "Hermitage," near Nash- ville, and engaged in planting and in mercantile pursuits; served in the Creek war of 1813; major gen- eral of volunteers 1812 to 1814; commissioned brig- dier general in the United States army April 19, 1814; major general May 1, 1814; led his army to New Orleans, where he defeated the British January 8, 1815; received the thanks of Congress and a gold medal by resolution of February 27, 1815; commanded an expedition which captured Florida in 1817; governor of Florida from March 10 to July 18, 1821; declined the position of minister to Mexico; again elected to the United States Sen- ate, and served from March 4, 1823, to October 14, 1825, when he resigned; defeated as the Demo- cratic candidate for President in 1824; elected President, and reelected, and served from March 4, 1829, to March 3, 1837; retired to the "Hermitage, " his estate near Nashville, Tenn. where he died June 8, 1845. Jackson, David, a Delegate from Pennsylvania; born in Oxford, Chester county, Pa., in 1747; was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1768, and was an apothecary and physician in Philadelphia, Pa., 1768-1801; served in the Revolution and was pay- master of the second battalion of Philadelphia militia, December 3, 1776; quartermaster of militia in the field October 23, 1779; hospital physician i and surgeon September 30, 1780; was present at the surrender of Lord Cornwallis, Yorktown, Va., October 19, 1781; Delegate in the Continental BIOGRAPHIES. 755 Congress 1785-1786; died in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1801. Jackson, David S., a Representative from New York; native of New York City; attended the public schools; alderman in the common council of New York City 1843-1846; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirtieth Congress, and served from March 4, 1847, to April 19, 1848, when the seat was declared vacant, having been contested unsuc- cessfully by James Monroe; again an alderman in 1856-1857. Jackson, Ebenezer, jr., a Representative from Connecticut; bom in Savannah, Ga., January 31, 1796; was graduated from St. Mary's college near Baltimore, Md., in 1814; studied law at the Litch- field law school, Connecticut; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Philadelphia, Pa., 1821-1826; removed to Middletown, Conn., in 1826; member of the state assembly several terms; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel A. Foot, and served from December 31, 1834, to March 3, 1835; died in Middletown, Conn., August 17, 1874. Jackson, Edward. B., a Representative from Virginia; native of Clarksburg, Harrison county, W. Va. ; pursued an academic course in the Clarks- burg male academy; studied medicine and com- menced practice in Clarksburg; elected to the Sixteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Tindall; reelected to the Seventeenth Congress, and served from November 30, 1820, to March 3, 1823; died in Clarksurg, W. Va., Septembers, 1826. Jackson, Howell Edmunds, a Senator from Tennessee; born in Paris, Tenn., April 8, 1832; moved with his parents to Jackson, Tenn., in 1840; pursued classical studies and was graduated from West Tennessee college in 1849, from the Univer- sity of Virginia in 1854, and from the law depart- ment of Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn., in 1856; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Jackson; moved to Memphis, Tenn., in 1859, and engaged in the practice of law; removed to Jackson in 1874, and served on the court of arbi- tration for west Tennessee by appointment on two occasions; prominent candidate for supreme judge before the nominating convention; elected to the state house of representatives in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1881, until April 14, 1886, when he resigned; appointed United States circuit judge for the sixth Federal circuit, April 12, 1886, and served until February 4, 1893; appointed associate justice of the United States supreme court to fill vacancy caused by the death of Lucius Q. C. Lamar; took his seat upon the supreme bench March 4, 1894, and served until his death in West Meade, Tenn., August 8, 1895. . Jackson, Jabez, a Representative from Georgia; was a native of Georgia; resided at Clarksville; elected as a Union Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839). Jackson, James, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Georgia; born in Moreton-Hampstead, Devonshire, England, September 21, 1757; came to Georgia in 1772 and located in Savannah; mem- ber of the first constitutional convention of Georgia in 1777; clerk of the court, by election of the pro- vincial congress, 1776-1777; elected governor in 1778, but declined; entered the Revolutionary army as captain and commander of the Georgia legionary forces in 1781; received the keys to Savannah from the British July 12, 1782; pre- sented with a house in Savannah by the assembly of the state of Georgia; elected to the First Con- gress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); contested the election of Anthony Wayne in the Second Con- gress, and the seat was declared vacant by the House March 21, 1792; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1793, until his resignation in 1795; presidential elector in 1797; governor of Georgia 1798-1801; again elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1801, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 19, 1806; interment in the Congressional cemetery in Washington. Jackson, James, a Representative from Geor- gia; born in Jefferson county, Ga., October 18, 1819; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the University of Georgia in 1837; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1839, and com- menced practice in Athens, Ga.; secretary of the state senate in 1842; elected to the state house of representatives in 1845 and 1847; judge of the superior court 1846-1859; resigned in June, 1859; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thir- ty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1857, until January 23, 1861, when he retired from the House; judge advocate on the staff of Stonewall Jackson 1861-1865; removed to Macon, Ga., and practiced law from 1865 to 1875; removed to Atlanta in 1875; appointed an associate justice of the state supreme court in 1875; elected to the position by the legislature in 1880, to fill an unex- pired term; reelected in 1887; chief justice 1879 until his death in Atlanta, Ga., January 13, 1887; interment in Macon, Ga. Jackson, James Monroe, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Parkersburg, Wood county, Va. (now West Virginia), December 3, 1825; pursued an academic course, and was gradu- ated from Princeton college in 1845; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1847; elected prose- cuting attorney for Wood county in 1856 and 1860; member of the legislature 1870-1871; member of the state constitutional convention of 1872; elected judge of the fifth judicial circuit and served fifteen years, when he resigned; presented credentials as a Democratic Member-elect to the Fifty-first Congress, and served from March 4, 1889, until February 3, 1890, when he was succeeded by Charles B. Smith, who contested his election; died in Parkersburg, W. Va., February 14, 1901. Jackson, James Streshly, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Madison county, Ky., September 27, 1823; pursued classical studies in Centre college, was graduated from Jefferson col- lege, Pa., in 1844, and from the law department of Transylvania university in 1845; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Greenupsburg, Ky., in 1845; served in the Mexican war; enlisted as a private in the first Kentucky cavalry June 9, 1846; third lieutenant July 9, 1846; resigned October 10, 1846; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1861, to Decem- ber 13, 1861, when he resigned to enter the Union army; raised a company of cavalrymen, and com- missioned colonel third Kentucky cavalry Decem- ber 13, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers July 16, 1862; killed in the battle of Perry ville October 8, 1862. 756 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Jackson, John George, a Representative from Virginia; born in Clarksburg, Harrison county, Va., in 1774; received an English training, and became a civil engineer; appointed surveyor of public lands of what is now the state of Ohio in 1793 ; mem- ber of the Virginia house of burgesses 1797-1801; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth, and to the three succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1803, until 1810, when he resigned; again state representative, 1811-1812; chosen brigadier general of militia; reelected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); declined a reelection to the Fifteenth Congress; appointed United States dis- trict judge for the western district of Virginia in 1819, and served until his death in Clarksburg, Va., March 29, 1825. Jackson, Jonathan, a Delegate from Massachu- setts; born in Boston, Mass., June 4, 1743; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Harvard college in 1761; engaged in mercantile pursuits in Newburyport; member of the provincial congress in 1775; member of the state legislature in 1777; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1782-1783; elected to the state senate in 1789; United States marshal, district of Massachusetts, 1789-1791; treasurer of the commonwealth 1802-1806 ^inspector and supervisor of internal revenue; president of the state bank and of the Harvard corporation; died in Boston, Mass., March 5, 1810. Jackson, Joseph W., a Representative from Georgia; native of Georgia; attended the public schools; for several years a member of the munici- pal council of Savannah and for two years mayor; member of the state house of representatives and of the state senate; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas B. King; reelected to the Thirty-second Congress, and served from March 4, 1850, to March 3, 1853; declined a reelection; died in Savannah, Ga., September 20, 1854. Jackson, Oscar Lawrence, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Lawrence county, Pa., September 2, 1840; attended the common schools, Tansy Hill select school, and Darlington academy; served in the Union army from 1861 to 1865; en- tered as captain and received promotions of major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel by brevet; severely wounded in the battle of Corinth, Miss., October 4, 1862; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1867 and commenced practice in New Castle, Pa.; dis- trict attorney 1868-1871; member of the commis- sion to codify laws and devise a plan for the govern- ment of cities of Pennsylvania 1877-1878; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); resumed the practice of law in New Castle, Pa. ; delegate in Republican national convention of 1896. Jackson, Richard, jr., a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Providence, R. I., July 3, 1764; completed preparatory studies in the schools of Providence and Pomfret, Conn.; early entered mercantile and manufacturing business; elected to the Tenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Nehemiah Knight; reelected to the Elev- enth, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses, and served from November 11, 1808, to March 3, 1815; trustee of Brown university 1809-1838; died in Providence, R. I., April 18, 1838. Jackson, Thomas Birdsall, a Representative from New York; born in Jerusalem, Long Island, N. Y., March 24, 1797; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Jerusalem, Hempstead, and Newtown, N. Y.; twice elected county judge; member of the state general assembly 1833-1837; many years a justice of the peace; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837- March 3, 1841); died in Newtown, Long Island, N. Y., April 23, 1881. Jackson, William, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Newton, Mass., September 2, 1783; attended the public schools; member of the state house of representatives 1829-1832; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1834-March3, 1837); declined a renomination; one of the founders of the Liberty party in 1846; promoted and superintended the building of the Boston & Worcester and Boston & Albany railways; died in Newton, Mass., February 26, 1855. Jackson, William Humphreys, a Representa- tive from Maryland; born near Salisbury, Md., October 15, 1839; received a common-school train- ing, and engaged in farming; in 1864 moved to Sal- isbury, Md., and engaged in the manufacture of lumber; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905); reelected to the Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); resumed manufacturing in Salisbury, Md. Jackson, William T., a Representative from New York; born in Chester, N. Y., December 29, 1794; attended the public schools; engaged in mer- cantile pursuits in Havana, N. Y.; justice of the peace and county judge of Orange county, N. Y., for four years; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); district attorney of Delaware county 1866-1868 and 1872- 1874. Jacobs, Ferris, jr., a Representative from New York; born in Delhi, N. Y., March 20, 1836; was graduated from Williams college in 1856; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1859, and com- menced practice in Delhi; served in the Union army in the Civil war; captain of the third New York cavalry August 26, 1861; major June 13, 1863; lieutenant colonel July 22, 1864; honorably mus- tered out October 12, 1864; lieutenant colonel twenty-sixth New York cavalry March 15, 1865; brevet brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war;" mustered out July 1, 1865; resumed law practice in Delhi, N. Y.; elected district-attorney 1865-1866; delegate to Chicago convention in 1880; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); died in White Plains, N. Y., August 30, 1886. Jacobs, Israel, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Germany; moved to United States in his youth and located in Philadelphia; attended the public schools, and engaged in mercantile pur- suits; elected to the Second Congress (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1793). Jacobs, Orange, a Delegate from Washington; born in Livingston county, N. Y., May 2, 1827; moved with his parents to Michigan territory in 1831, where he attended Albion college for three years; studied law with John B. Howe in Lima, Ind., and was admitted to the Michigan bar in 1850; moved to the territory of Oregon in 1852, and re- BIOGRAPHIES. 757 mained there until 1859; appointed associate jus- tice of the supreme court of Washington territory in 1869, and within a year appointed chief justice and reappointed at the expiration of four years; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, IST^March 3, 1879); resumed the practice of law in Seattle; elected judge of the superior court of Washington. Jadwin, Cornelius Comegys, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Carbondale, Pa., March 27, 1835; attended the common schools and taught for four years; studied civil engineering and pharmacy; from 1857 to 1861 a civil and mining engineer; entered the drug business and located in Honesdale, Pa., 1862; nine successive years a member, and for three years president, of the board of education of his district; delegate in the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1880; elected as a Republican to the Forty- seventh Congress (March. 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); defeated as an independent candidate for the Forty -eighth Congress; resumed business in Hones- dale, Pa. James, Addison Davis, a Representative from Kentucky; born near Morgantown, Butler county, Ky., February 27, 1850; received a public school training, and began the study of medicine in 1870; was graduated from the old University of Louis- ville, Ky., in 1873; member of the state constitu- tional convention of 1890; member of the state house of representatives 1891-1893; appointed World's Fair commissioner in 1892-93; elected to the state senate in 1895.; United States marshal 1897-1901; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of medicine in Penrod, Ky. James, Amaziah Bailey, a Representative from New York; born in Stephentown, Renselaer county, N. Y., July 1, 1812; pursued an academic course; moved to Sweden, Monroe county, N. Y., in 1814; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1838, and commenced practice in Ogdensburg; member of the Peace congress in Washington, D. C., in 1861; elected a justice of the supreme court in 1853, and resigned in 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); died in Ogdensburg, N. Y., July 6, 1883. James, Charles Tillinghast, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in West Greenwich, R. I., September 15, 1804; attended the public schools; became a carpenter, and superintended the con- struction of several cotton mills in New England; major general of the Rhode Island militia; elected as a protective tariff Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1851, to March 3, 1857; invented a rifle cannon, and lost his life in conducting an experiment in Sag Har- bor, N. Y., October 17, 1862. James, Darwin Rush, a Representative from New York; born in W'illiamsburg, Mass., May 14, 1834; pursued an academic course in the Mount Pleasant boarding school, Amherst, Mass.; removed with parents to Williamsburg, N. Y., in 1847; entered mercantile business in New York in 1850, and became an importer of indigo, spices, etc., from the East Indies in 1858; secretary of the New York board of trade and transportation, park com- missioner of Brooklyn 1876-1882; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); declined a renomination; member of United States board of Indian commissioners in 1890, and its chair- man; member of New York canal commission in 1898; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., November 19, 1908. James, Francis, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Thornbury township, Chester county, Pa., April 4, 1799; attended public school and Gauses's academy; studied law, was admitted to the bar of Chester county in 1825, and practiced ; state senator 1834-1836; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); resumed the prac- tice of law in West Chester, Pa.; chief burgess in 1850; died in West Chester, Pa., January 4, 1886. James, Ollie Murray, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Crittenden county, Ky., July 27, 1871; attended the common schools; page in the Kentucky legislature 1887; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1891; one of the attorneys for Gov. Goebel in his celebrated contest for gov- ernor of the state of Kentucky; delegate in the Democratic national conventions in Chicago, 1896; in St. Louis, Mo., in 1904, and in Denver Colo., in 1908; served as chairman of the state convention in Kentucky in 1900; elected to the Fifty-eighth and three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Nominated in the prima- ries and elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1913. Jameson, John, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Montgomery county, Ky., in 1800; attended the public schools; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Ful- ton, Mo.; held several local offices; member of the Missouri house of representatives for several years and served one year as speaker; elected as a Demo- ocrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1841); reelected to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845), and to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); died in Fulton, Mo., January 24, 1857. Jamieson, William D., a Representative from Iowa; born near Wapello, Louisa county, Iowa, November 9, 1873; attended the common schools and the University of Iowa; became a newspaper publisher; edited and published the Ida Grove Pioneer; later the Columbus Junction Gazette, and still later the Shenandoah World; elected state senator in 1907; resigned in 1909; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909- March 3, 1911); resumed newspaper work in Shen- andoah, Iowa. Janes, Henry Fisk, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Brimfield, Mass., October 10, 1792; moved with parents to Calais, Vt.; pursued an academic course; served in the war of 1812, and participated in the battle of Platteburgh; studied law in Montpelier, Vt., was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Waterbury, Vt., in 1817; postmaster 1820-1830; member of the state legislative council 1830-1834; elected as a Whig and Anti-Mason to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Benjamin F. Deming; reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, and served from December 2, 1834, to March 3, 1837; defeated as Anti-Masonic candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress; state treasurer 1838-1841; member of the state council of censors 1848; elected to the state legislature in 1855; died in Waterbury, Vt., June 6, 1879. 758 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Jarnagin, Spencer, a Senator from Tennessee; born in Granger county, Tenn., in 1792; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Green- ville college in 1813; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice in Knoxville; moved to Athens, Tenn., in 1837 and continued his profession; member of the state senate 1833-1835; a Harrison and Tyler elector in 1840; Whig nominee for United States Senator in 1841; elected as a Whig to the United States Sen- ate, and served from March 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; defeated as the Whig candidate for reelec- tion, and for member of the supreme court of Tennessee; moved to Memphis and continued in the practice of law; trustee of the East Tennessee college 1836-1851; died in Memphis, Tenn., June 24, 1851. Jaryis, Leonard, a Representative from Maine; born in Boston, Mass., October 19, 1781; was graduated from Harvard university in 1800; located in Surry, Me. ; sheriff of Hancock county, Me., 1821-1829; collector of customs for the Penob- ecot district 1829-1831; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1837); navy agent, port of Boston, 1838-1841; returned to Surry, Me., where he died September 18, 1854. Jarvis, Thomas Jordan, a Senator from North Carolina; born in Jarvisburg, Currituck county, N. C., January 18, 1836; was graduated from Randolph-Macon college, Virginia, in 1860; en- listed in the Confederate army; permanently dis- abled in right arm in 1864; member of state con- stitutional convention in 1865; moved to the county of Tyrrell in 1866; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar; member of the state house of representatives in 1868 and 1870, and chosen its speaker in 1870; moved to Greenville, N. C., in 1872; member of the state constitutional conven- tion of 1875; elected lieutenant governor in 1876; became governor February 5, 1879, by the resigna- tion of Zebulon B. Vance, and was elected gov- ernor for a full term in 1880, and thus served six consecutive years; United States minister to Brazil 1885-1889; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Zebulon B. Vance, and served from April 19, 1894, until January 23, 1895; delegate in the Democratic National convention of 1896; trustee of the Uni- versity of North Carolina; a practicing attorney of Greenville, N. C. Jay, John, a Delegate from New York; born in New York City, December 12, 1745; attended a boarding school in New Rochelle, N. Y., and was graduated from Columbia college in 1764; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1768; member of the New York committee of correspondence; Delegate from New York to the Continental Con- gress 1774-1777, and 1778-1779; recalled some ' months in 1776 to aid in forming the New York state constitution; absent when the Declaration of Independence was adopted, but it was upon his motion, as a member of the White Plains Con- vention of July 9, 1776, that the convention unani- mously approved it; appointed chief justice of the state of New York in May, 1777, but resigned December, 1778, to become president of Congress; appointed minister plenipotentiary to Spain ^Sep- tember 27, 1779; appointed one of the ministers to negotiate peace with Great Britain, June 14, 1781, and signed the treaty of Paris; appointed one of the ministers to negotiate treaties with the European powers May 1, 1783; returned to New York in 1784; appointed secretary of foreign affairs July, 1784; appointed the first cnief justice of the supreme court of the United States by President Washington, September 24, 1789, and served until December 10, 1795; defeated as the Federal can- didate for governor of New York in 1792 by George Clinton, Democrat; appointed envoy extraordinary to Great Britain April 19, 1794; served until April 8, 1795; governor of New York 1795-1801; declined reelection, and also a reappointment as chief justice of the supreme court of the United States; retired to his farm at Bedford, near New York City, where he died May 17, 1829. Jayne, William, a Delegate from Dakota Terri- tory; born in Springfield, 111., October 8, 1826; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine and practiced in Springfield eleven years; mayor of Springfield 1859-1861; appointed governor of Dakota territory by President Lincoln in 1861, and served two years, with residence in Yankton; presented credentials as the Delegate-elect to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and served from March 4, 1863, to June 17, 1864, when he was succeeded by John B. S. Todd, who contested his election; returned to Springfield, 111.; president of the Lin- coln memorial library; president of the state board of charities under Govs. Yates and Deneen Jefferson,* Thomas, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Shad well, Va.; April 2, 1743; attended a preparatory school conducted by the Rev. Mr. Maury, and was graduated from William and Mary college in 1762; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1767; member of the colonial house of burgesses 1769-1774; promi- nent in pre-Revolutionary movements; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1775-1776; chairman of the committee that drew the Declaration of Inde- Sjndence; made and presented the first draft of the eclaration that was submitted to the Congress July 2, 1776; signed the Declaration of Independ- ence August 2, 1776; resigned soon after and re- turned to Monticello; governor of Virginia 1779- 1781; member of the state house of representatives in 1782; again Delegate in the Continental Congress 1782-1785, appointed a minister plenipotentiary to France May 7, 1784, and then Sole minister to the King of France for three years from March 10, 1785; appointed Secretary of State of the United States September 26, 1 789, and served until December 3, 1793; elected Vice President of the United States, and served from March 4, 1797, to March 3, 1801; elected President of the United States in 1801 by the House of Representatives on the thirty-sixth ballot; reelected in 1805, and served from March 4, 1801, to March 3, 1809; retired to his estate, Monti- cello; active in founding the University of Vir- ginia; died at Monticello, Albemarle county, Va., July 4, 1826. Jeffords, Elza, a Representative from Missis- sippi; born near Ironton, Lawrence county, Ohio, May 23, 1826; attended common schools in Ports- mouth, Ohio; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Portsmouth, Ohio, in 1847; served in the army of the Tennessee from June, 1862, to December, 1863, as clerk in the quar- termaster's department, land transportation; judge of the high court of errors and appeals in Mississippi 1868-1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Vicksburg, Miss., March 19, 1885. Jenckes, Thomas Allen, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Cumberland, R. I., Novem- BIOGRAPHIES. 759 her 2, 1818; was graduated from Brown university in ]838; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice in Providence, R. I., clerk in the state legislature 1840-1844; secretary of the state conotitutional convention of 1842; adju- tant general 1845-1855; member of the state house of representatives; elected to the state senate; com- missioner to revise the laws of the state in 1855; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1871); defeated as a Republican candidate to the Forty-second Congress; died in Cumber knd, R. I., November 4, 1875. Jenifer, Daniel, a Delegate from Maryland; born in Charles county, Md., in 1723; active in pre- Revolutionary movements; member of the gov- ernor's council in 1773; member and president of the committee of safety in 1776; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1778-1782, and also to the convention that framed the Federal constitution, and a signer of the instrument, September 17, 1778; president of the state senate in 1779; defeated for governor in 1782; died in Charles county, Md., November 6, 1790. Jenifer, Daniel, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Charles county, Md., April 15, 1791; completed preparatory studies; served as a state legislator and a local magistrate; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831- March 3, 1833); defeated for the Twenty-third Con- gress; reelected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty- fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1841); minister to Austria August 27, 1841, to July 7, 1845; register of wills for Charles county 1846-1851; died in Mulberry Grove, near Port Tobacco, Md., December 18, 1855. Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, a Representative from Virginia; born in Cabell county, Va., Novem- ber 10, 1830; attended the Virginia military insti- tute in Lexington, Va., and was graduated from Jefferson college in 1848, and from the Harvard law school in 1850; admitted to the bar in 1850, but followed agricultural pursuits; delegate in the Democratic national convention in Cincinnati, Ohio, 1856; elected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty- sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); delegate in the Confederate provisional congress in 1861; enlisted in the Confederate service; appointed brigadier general August 1, 1862; killed in the battle of Cloyd's Mountain, near Dublin, Va., Mav 9, 1864. Jenkins, John James, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Wey mouth, England, August 24, 1843; attended common schools; came with parents to the United States and settled in Baraboo, Wis., in June, 1852; again attended the common schools; served in the Civil war as a member of company A, sixth ^yisconsin volunteers, 1861- 1865; clerk of the circuit court of Sauk county, 1867- 1870; moved to Chippewa Falls, Wis., in 1870; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; city clerk and city attorney of Chippewa Falls; member of the assembly, 1872; county judge of Chippewa county 1872-1876; appointed United States attorney of the territory of Wyoming in March, 1876, and served until 1880, when he returned to Chippewa Falls, Wis., and resumed the practice of law; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1909); appointed judge of Porto Rico by President Taft in May, 1910, and served until his death in Chippewa Falls Wis June 8 3 1911. Jenkins, Lemuel, a Representative from New York; born in Bloomingburg, N. Y., in 1793; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the Sullivan county bar in October, 1815, and practiced in Bloomingburg, N. Y.; appointed a master in chancery; the first district attorney of Sullivan county, June, 1818-March, 1819; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825) ; removed to Albany, N. Y., and practiced law, and died there. Jenkins, Robert, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Windsor Forges, Lancaster county Pa., July 10, 1769; attended the common schools, and the select school of Dr. Robert Smith, of Pequea; was an ironmaster in Caernarvon town- ship; elected to the state legislature in 1804 and 1805; elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1811); member of a group of horse, and took an active part in suppressing the whisky insurrection in Pennsylvania; died in Windsor Forges, Pa., April 18, 1848. Jenkins, Timothy, a Representative from New York; born in Barre, Mass., January 29, 1799; lo- cated in Washington county, N. Y., in 1817; pur- sued an academic course; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced practice in Oneida Castle, N. Y.; moved to Vernon, N. Y., in 1832; district attorney for Oneida county 1840- 1845; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); defeated for the Thirty-first Congress; re- elected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4 1851-March 3, 1853); defeated for the Thirty-third Congress; delegate to the Republican national con- vention in 1856, and was thereafter a Republican; died in Martinsburg, N. Y., December 24, 1859; interment in Oneida county, N. Y. Jenks, George Augustus, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Punxsutawney, Pa., March 26, 1836; learned the carpenter's trade- taught school; was graduated from Jefferson college,' Pa., in 1858; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1859, and commenced practice in Brookville; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); defeated as the Democratic candidate for the state supreme bench in 1880; United States assistant secretary of the interior 1885-1886; solicitor general of the United States 1886-1889; unsuccessful Democratic candi- date for governor of Pennsylvania in 1898; Demo- cratic candidate for United States Senator in the joint legislative convention of 1899; died in Brook- ville, Pa., February 10, 1908. Jenks, Michael Hutchinson, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Bridgetown Mills, near Middletown, Pa., May 21, 1795; pursued an aca- demic course; engaged in agricultural pursuits; commissioner of Bucks county 1830-1833; treasurer 1833-1835; moved to Newtown, Pa., in 1837; asso- ciate judge of the court of common pleas of Bucks county 1838-1843; elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); defeated for the Twenty-ninth Congress; chief burgess of Newtown for many years; died in Newtown, Pa October 16, 1867. Jenness, Benning Wentworth, a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Deerfield, N. H., July 14, 1806; attended Bradford academy, Mass; engaged 760 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. in mercantile pursuits in Straff ord, N. H., 1826- 1856; held several local offices; member of the state house of representatives; judge of probate of Straf- ford county 1841-1845; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Levi Woodbury, and served from Novem- ber 12, 1845, to June 13, 1846; defeated as the Demo- cratic candidate for Congress in 1846; member of state constitutional convention of 1850; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1852 ; nomi- nated for governor of New Hampshire, but with- drew in favor of Gen. George Starke in 1861; moved to Ohio and engaged in lumbering and banking; died in Cleveland, Ohio, November 16, 1879. Jennings, David, a Representative from Ohio; born in Readington township, Hunterdon county, N. J., in 1787; attended the public schools; moved to St. Clairsville, Ohio, in 1812; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1813, and practiced in St. Clairsville; held several local offices; member of the state senate 1819 and 1825; prosecuting attorney of Belmont county 1815-1825; elected to the Nine- teenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1825, until his resignation, May 25, 1826; died in Balti- more, Md., in 1834. Jennings, Jonathan, a Delegate from Indiana territory, and a Representative from Indiana; born in Hunterdon county, N. J., in 1784; went with parents to Fayette county, Pa., where he pur- sued an academic course; went to Indiana terri- tory, and became clerk of the territorial legislature; elected the first Delegate from Indiana territory to the Eleventh Congress; reelected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, and served from November 27, 1809, to March 3, 1817; elected governor of Indiana in December, 1816, and served until 1822; appointed Indian commissioner in 1818; elected to the Seventeenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Hendricks; reelected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twen- tieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, and served from December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1831; died near Charlestown, Ind., July 26, 1834. Jett, Thomas Marion, a Representative from Illinois; born in Bond county, 111., May 1, 1862; attended the common schools and the Northern Indiana normal school, Valparaiso, Ind., for two years; taught school in Bond and Montgomery counties, 111.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1887, and practiced in Hillsboro, 111.; elected state attorney of Montgomery county, 111., in 1889, and served eight years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1903); resumed the practice of law in Hillsboro, 111.; elected cir- cuit judge. Jewett, Daniel Tarbox, a Senator from Mis- souri; born in Pittsfield, Me., September 14, 1807; completed preparatory studies; was graduated from the Harvard law school, admitted to the Maine bar, and practiced in Bangor, Me. ; city solic- itor of Bangor 1834-1837; engaged with his brother, Albert G. Jewett, in operating a steamboat line upon the Chagres river, Isthmus of Panama, 1850- 1853; went to California and engaged in gold- mining for two years; returned to Bangor, Me., and practiced law until 1857; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1857, and continued in practice; one of the organ- izers of the Republican party in Missouri ; member of the state legislature in 1866; appointed as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles D. Drake, and served from December 19, 1870, until January 20, 1871; resumed law practice; died in St. Louis, Mo., October 7, 1907. Jewett, Freeborn Garrettson, a Represent- ative from New York; born in Sharon, Conn., in 1791; pursued an academic course; moved to Skaneateles, N. Y., in 1815; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice in Skaneateles; surrogate of Onondaga county 1824- 1831; member of the state house of representatives in 1826; presidential elector in 1828; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); inspector of Auburn prison 1838-1839; appointed a puisne justice of the supreme court March 5, 1845; elected judge of the court of appeals in 1847; reelected in 1849, and resigned in June, 1853, on account of ill-health; served as chief justice 1847-1850; died in Skaneateles, N. Y., January 27, 1858. Jewett, Hugh Judge, a Representative from Ohio, was born in Deer Creek, Md., July 1, 1817; completed preparatory studies, and attended Hiram college, Ohio; studied law in Cecil county, Md., was admitted to the bar, and commenced Sractice in Clairsville, and later in Columbus, hio; removed to Zanesville, Ohio, in 1848; presi- dent branch state bank in 1852; Democratic presi- dential elector in 1852; United States attorney southern district of Ohio 1854; president Central Ohio railroad company in 1857; organized the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis railroad com- pany; one of the organizers of the Pennsylvania railroad; defeated as Democratic candidate for governor of Ohio in 1861, and for United States Senator in 1863; general counsel of the Pennsyl- vania railway system in 1871; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-third Congress, and served from March 4, 1873, until June 23, 1874, when he re- signed to become president of the Erie railroad company; died in Augusta, Ga., March 6, 1898. Jewett, Joshua Henry, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Deer Creek, Harford county, Md., September 13, 1812; attended the public schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Elizabethtown, Ky.; county prosecuting attorney; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); died in Elizabethtown, Ky., July 14, 1867. Jewett, Luther, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Canterbury, Conn., December 24, 1772; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1795; studied medicine and began practice in Put- ney, Vt. ; member of the state house of represent- atives; elected as a Federalist to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); moved to St. Johnsbury; studied theology, and was pastor in Newbury, Vt., 1821-1828; returned to St. Johnsbury and published the Farmer's Herald 1828-1832 and the Free Mason's Friend 1830-1832; died in St. Johnsbury, Vt., March 8, 1860. Johns, Kensey, jr., a Representative from Delaware; born in New Castle, Del., December 10, 1791; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Princeton college in 1810; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1813, and commenced prac- tice in New Castle; elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831); appointed chancellor of Delaware in 1832, and served until his death, in New Castle, Del.. March 28, 1857. BIOGRAPHIES. 761 Johnson, Adna Romulus, a Representative from Ohio; born in Sweet Springs, Mo., December 14, 1860; moved with his mother to Lawrence county, Ohio, in 1864; attended the common schools and taught school seven years; studied law, and was graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan June 30, 1887 ; was admitted to the Ohio bar, and practiced in Ironton; elected prosecuting attorney of Lawrence county in 1889; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); resumed the prac- tice of law in Ironton, Ohio. Johnson, Andrew, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Tennessee; born in Raleigh, N. C., December 29, 1808; received a limited schooling; at the age of 10 apprenticed to a tailor; ran away and worked as a tailor in Laurens Court House, S. C., until 1825; returned and endeavored to make settlement with his former employer; moved to Greene ville,Tenn., September, 1825, where he re- ceived instruction in elementary English branches from the young woman he married May 27, 1826; organized in 1828 a workingman's party; elected alderman for three years; mayor of Greeneville 1830-1833; member of the state house of rep- resentatives 1835-1839; defeated as a presidential elector on the Van Buren ticket in 1840; state senator in 1841; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and to the four succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1853); governor of Tennessee 1853-1857; elected to the United States Senate, and served from October 8, 1857, to March 4, 1862, when he resigned; appointed by President Lincoln military governor of Tennessee, with the rank of brigadier general of volunteers, March 4, 1862; elected Vice President of the United States on the Republican ticket in 1864; became President of the United States April 15, 1865, on the death of Abraham Lincoln; precipitated a wide breach between himself and the Republican Con- gress by numerous vetoes, and rapid changes in the cabinet followed; a resolution for his impeach- ment passed the House of Representatives Feb- ruary 24, 1868, and eleven articles were set out; the trial lasted three months, and at its conclusion he was acquitted (May 16, 1868) by a vote of thirty- five for conviction to nineteen for acquittal, only one vote lacking to make the necessary two-thirds for conviction; retired to his home in Tennessee upon the expiration of the presidential term, March 3, 1869; defeated as a candidate for the United States Senate before the legislature in 1870; defeated as an independent candidate for the Forty -third Congress; reelected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1875, until his death at the home of his daughter in Carters Station, Carter county, Tenn., July 31, 1875. Johnson, Ben, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born near Bardstown, Nelson county, Ky., May 20, 1858; was graduated from St. Mary's col- lege, Marion county, Ky., in June, 1878, and from the Louisville law university in 1882; was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Bardstown; member of the state house of representatives in 1885 and 1887, and was elected speaker in Decem- ber, 1897; appointed collector of internal revenue for the fifth Kentucky district in July, 1893, and served four years; elected to the state senate 1905, but resigned November 5, 1906; elected as a Demo- crat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Johnson, Cave, a Representative from Tennes- see; born in Robertson county, Tenn., January 11, 1793; pursued an academic course, and attended Cumberland college, Tennessee; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Clarks- ville, Tenn.; prosecuting attorney in 1817; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1837); defeated for the Twenty-fifth Congress; re- elected to the Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1845); appointed Postmaster General of the United States, and served from March 5, 1845, to March 5, 1849; judge of the circuit court in 1853; elected to the state senate during the Civil "war as a Unionist, but declined to serve; died in Clarks- ville, Tenn., November 23, 1866. Johnson, Charles, a Representative from North Carolina; native of Chowan county, N. C.; pur- sued an academic course; elected to the state sen- ate 1781-1784, 1788, 1790-1792; elected to the Seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1801, until his death in Chowan county, N. C., in 1802. Johnson, Francis, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Caroline county, Va., June 19, 1776; studied law and was admitted to practice; moved to Woodford county, Ky., in 1796, and to Bowling Green, Ky., in 1807; member state house of repre- sentatives for twelve years ; elected as an Adams Republican to the Sixteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of David Walker; reelected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, and served from Novem- ber 13, 1820, to March 3, 1827; moved to Louis- ville, Ky., in 1829, and practiced law; wasdefeated as the Republican candidate for governor; died in Louisville, Ky., May 16, 1842. Johnson, Frederick Avery, a Representative from New York; born in Glens Falls, Warren county, N. Y., January 2, 1833; attended the com- mon schools and was graduated from the Glens Falls academy; engaged in banking and in the wool business in New York City, and in banking in Glens Falls; president of the village of Glens P'alls; elected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); executor of several large estates; died near Glens Falls, N. Y., July 29, 1893. Johnson, Grove Lawrence, a Representative from California; born in Syracuse, N. Y., March 27, 1841; studied law and was admitted to the bar April 3, 1862; school commissioner of Syracuse in March, 1862; in 1863 moved to the Pacific coast; located in Sacramento, Cal., in December, 1865; swamp-land clerk of Sacramento county from 1866 to 1873; member of the California assembly in 1878-1879; elected to the state senate in 1880, 1881, and 1882; commenced the practice of law in Sac- ramento May 1, 1874; delegate in the Republican state conventions of 1888, 1892, and 1894; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); resumed the prac- tice of law in Sacramento, Cal. Johnson, Harvey H., a Representative from Ohio; native of Vermont; attended the public schools; moved to Ashland, Ohio; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); defeated for the Thirty-fourth Congress. 762 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. Johnson, Henry, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Louisiana; born in Tennessee September 14, 1783; pursued an academic course; moved to Louisiana; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Bringiers; clerk of the territorial court in 1809; judge of the parish court in 1811; delegate in the state constitutional con- vention in 1812; elected to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William C. C. Claiborne; reelected in 1818 and served from January 12, 1818, to May 27, 1824, when he resigned; defeated for the United States Senate in 1829; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward D. White; reelected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses, and served from Decem- ber 1, 1834, to March 3, 1839; defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1842 ; again elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy in term begin- ning March 4, 1843, caused by the failure of Alex- ander Porter to qualify, and after the death of Mr. Porter (January 13, 1844), served from Febru- ary 12, 1844, to March 3, 1849; moved to New River, La., and practiced law; defeated for the Thirty- first Congress; died in Pointe Coupee, La., Sep- tember 4, 1864. Johnson, Henry Underwood, a Representa- tive from Indiana; born in Cambridge City, Wayne county, Ind., October 28, 1850; attended the Cen- terville collegiate institute and Earlham college; located in Wayne county; studied law, was admit- ted to the Wayne county bar in February, 1872, and engaged in practice in Richmond, Ind.; prosecut- ing attorney of Wayne county 1876-1880; state sen- ator 1887-1889; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second , and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1899); resumed the prac- tice of law in Richmond, Ind. Johnson, Herschel Vespasian, a Senator from Georgia ; born in Burke county, Ga. , September 18, 1812; was graduated from Franklin college in 1834; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Augusta, Ga., 1834-1839; moved to Jefferson county in 1839, and to Milledgeville in 1844; de- clined to become a candidate for the Twenty- seventh Congress, and was defeated as the Demo- cratic candidate for the Twenty-eighth Congress; was a Polk presidential elector in 1815; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of W'alter T. Col- quitt, and served from February 4, 1848, to March 3, 1849; delegate in the Democratic national con- ventions of 1848, 1852, and 1856; Pierce and King elector in 1851 ; judge of the superior court Novem- ber, 1849, to August, 1853; governor of Georgia 1853-1857; candidate for Vice President on the Douglas Democratic ticket in 1860; a Senator from Georgia in the second Confederate congress ; presi- dent of the state constitutional convention of Octo- ber, 1865; presented credentials as a Senator-elect to the United States Senate, but was not admitted; resumed the practice of law; circuit judge 1873- 1880; died in Jefferson county, Ga., August 16, 1880. Johnson, James, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of Virginia; completed preparatory studies; member of the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fif- teenth, and Sixteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1813, until February 1, 1820, when he re- signed to become customs collector of Norfolk; died in Norfolk, Va., December 7, 1825. Johnson, James, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Orange county, Va., January 1, 1774 ; moved with his father to Kentucky in 1779; served as lieutenant colonel in the war of 1812, and commanded the right wing of the United States forces in the battle of the Thames; contractor for supplying troops on the Mississippi and Missouri rivers 1819-1820; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1825, until his death in Great Crossings, Ky., Au- gust 14, 1826. Johnson, James, a Representative from Geor- gia; born in Robeson county, N. C., February 12, 1811; was graduated from the University of Geor- gia in 1832; taught school; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1835, and entered practice in Columbus, Ga., in 1836; prosecuting attorney of Muscogee county; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); appointed provisional governor of Georgia by President Johnson in 1865, and served from June 17 to December 19 of that year; collector of customs at Savannah 1866-1869; appointed judge of the superior court of Georgia July 1, 1869; reappointed October 19, 1870, for a term of eight years ; resigned October 1, 1875, to resume the practice of law; Grant and Colfax elector in 1872; died upon his planta- tion in Chattahoochee county, Ga., November 20, 1891. Johnson, James A., a Representative from Cali- fornia; born in Spartanburg, S. C., May 16, 1829; attended the common schools; studied medicine and law; commenced practice of law in Downie- ville, Cal.; member of the legislature 1859-1860; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth and Forty- first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871). Johnson, James Hutchins, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Bath, Grafton county, N. II., June 3, 1802; attended the public schools; member of the state senate in 1839; state councilor in 1842 and 1845; elected to the Twenty- ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1849); died in Bath, N. H., September 2, 1887. Johnson, James L., a Representative from Kentucky; native of Kentucky; lived in Owens- boro; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); died in Owensboro, Ky., February 12, 1877. Johnson, Jeromus, a Representative from New York; born in Wallabout, Kings county, N. Y., November 2, 1775; attended the public schools; moved to New York City; member of the state house of representatives in 1822; elected as a Demo- crat to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March3, 1829); appointed appraiser of merchandise for the port of New York May 26, 1830, and served until 1840; charter member of the St. Nicholas society of New York; moved to Goshen, Orange county, N. Y., where he died September 7, 1846. - Johnson, John, a Representative from Ohio; born in county Tyrone, Ireland, in 1808; attended the public schools; came to Coshocton, Ohio, in 1824, and engaged in agricultural pursuits; elected to the state senate; delegate to the state constitu- tional convention; elected as an Independent to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); engaged in banking until his death in Coshocton, Ohio, February 5, 1867. BIOGRAPHIES. 763 Johnson, John Trimble, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Great Crossings, Ky., October 5,1788; received a limited education; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Georgetown, Ky.; served in the war of 1812 as an aid to Gen. William H. Harrison; elected to the state legislature five times; elected to the Seven- teenth and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821- March 3, 1825); appointed judge to the court of appeals April 20, 1826, and served until December 20, 1826; died in Lexington, Mo., December 17, 1856. Johnson, Joseph, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Orange county, N. Y., December 19, 1785; moved with his father to Bridgeport, Va. (now West Virginia), in 1800; acquired a knowl- edge of rudimentary studies by personal efforts; served in the War of 1812 as captain of a company of riflemen; elected as a Democrat to the Eight- eenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823- March 3, 1827) ; defeated for the Twentieth Con- gress; elected to the Twenty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Philip Dodd- ridge, and served from January 21 to March 3, 1833; reelected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1841); delegate in the national Democratic con- vention in Baltimore in 1844; reelected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); delegate in the Virginia constitutional con- vention of 1850; governor of Virginia 1852-1856; supporter of the southern Confederacy; died in Bridgeport, W. Va., February 27, 1877. Johnson, Joseph Travis, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Brewerton, Laurens county, S. C., February 28, 1858; was graduated from Erskine college July 2, 1879; studied law, was admitted to the bar May 30, 1883, and engaged in practice in Spartanburg, S. C. ; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911). Reekcted to the Sixty- second Congress. Johnson, Martin Nelson, a Representative and a Senator from North Dakota; born in Racine county, Wis., March 3, 1850; moved with parents to Iowa the same year; was graduated from the law department of the Iowa state university in 1873; taught two years in the California military academy in Oakland, Cal.; was admitted to the bar in 1876; returned to Iowa, and was a member of the state house of representatives in 1877; state senator 1878-1882; Hayes elector for the Dubuque district in 1876; moved to Dakota territory in 1882; dis- trict attorney of Nelson county in 1886 and 1888; member of the constitutional convention of North Dakota in 1889, and chairman of the first Republi- can state convention same year; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-second, and to the three suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1899); elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1909, until his death in Fargo, N. Dak., October 21, 1909. Johnson, Noadiah, a Representative from New York; native of New York ; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Delhi, N. Y. ; district attorney of Delaware county from June, 1827, to November, 1833; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); member of the state senate until his death in Albany, N. Y., April 4, 1839. Johnson, Perley Brown, a Representative from Ohio; born in the block house, in Marietta, Ohio, September 8, 1798; attended the public schools of McConnelsville, Ohio; clerk of the court of common pleas in 1825; member of the state legislature 1833-1835; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); died in McConnelsville, Ohio, February 9, 1870. Johnson, Philip, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Warren county, N. J., January 17, 1818; moved to Mount Bethel, Pa., in 1839; attended the common schools, and Lafayette college 1842-1844; was a plantation tutor in Mis- sissippi 1844-1846; returned to Pennsylvania, studied law, attended Union law school in Easton, Pa., was admitted to the bar in 1848, and com- menced practice in Easton; county court clerk 1848-1853; member of the state legislature 1853- 1854; revenue commissioner of the third judicial district 1859-1860; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, and Thirty-ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1861, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 29, 1867. Johnson, Reverdy, a Senator from Maryland; born in Annapolis, Md., May 21, 1796; was a student in St. John's college, Md., 1811-1814; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1815, and commenced practice in Upper Marlboro; deputy attorney general of Maryland 1816-1817; moved to Baltimore in 1817; member of the state senate 1821-1827; elected to the United States Senate as a Whig, and served from March 4, 1845, to March 7, 1849, when he resigned; appointed Attorney General of the United States by President Taylor March 8, 1849, and served until July 20, 1850; delegate to the peace convention of 1860-1861; state senator 1860-1861; reelected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1863, to July_ 10, 1868, when he resigned; United States minister to England 1868-1869; returned to An- napolis, Md., and resumed the practice of law; a compiler of reports of decisions of Maryland's court of appeals; died in Annapolis, Md., February 10, 1876. Johnson, Richard Mentor, a Representative and a Senator from Kentucky; born in Bryants Station, Ky., October 17, 1781; attended Transyl- vania university; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1802, and began practice in Great Crossings, Ky.; member of the state legislature 1804-1807; elected as a Democrat to the Tenth, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1819); during his term of Congressional service was commissioned colonel of Kentucky volunteers, and commanded a regiment under Gen. William H. Harrison in the expeditions and engagements in Lower Canada in 1813; participated in the battle of the Thames, October 5, 1813, and Con- gress, by resolution of April 4, 1818, presented him a sword in recognition of "the daring and distinguished valor displayed by himself and the regiment of volunteers under his command in charging and essentially contributing to vanquish the combined British and Indian forces" in this battle; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John J. Crittenden; reelected and served from December 10, 1819, to March 3, 1829; reelected to the Twenty- first, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1837); Vice President of the United States March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841, chosen by the Senate; defeated for Vice President 764 CONGBESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. on the Democratic ticket in 1840; state represen- tative; died in Frankfort, Ky., November 19. 1850. Johnson, Robert Ward, a Representative and a Senator from Arkansas; born in Scott county, Ky., July 22, 1814; attended public school in Scott county; moved with his father to Arkansas in 1821; attended the Indian academy near Frank- fort, Ky., and was graduated from St. Joseph's college, Bardstown, Ky., in 1833, and from the Yale law school in 1835; was admitted to the bar in 1835, and practiced in Little Rock, Ark., 1835- 1847; prosecuting attorney for the Little Rock circuit 1840-1842; and state attorney general ex officio; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1853); declined a renomination' appointed and subsequently elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Solon Borland; reelected, and served from July 6, 1855, to March 3, 1861; declined a reelection; delegate in the provisional government of the Confederacy in 1862, and member of the Confederate senate; engaged in the practice of law in Washington, D. C.; defeated candidate for the United States Senate from Arkansas in 1877; died in Little Rock, Ark., July 26, 1879. Johnson, Thomas, a Delegate from Maryland; born in St. Leonard, Calvert county, Md., Novem- ber 4, 1732; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced; represented Anne Arundel county in the house of delegates 1762-1763; member of the committee of correspondence, and of the council of safety; formed the Potomac company for improving the navigation of the Potomac river; a member of the Annapolis convention of June, 1774; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1774-1777; nominated George Washington to be commander in chief of the American forces; delegate in the first consti- tutional convention of Maryland; served in the Revolutionary war as senior brigadier general of provincial forces, and led the "flying camp" that went to Washington's relief during his retreat through New Jersey; prevented by illness in his family from signing the Declaration of Independ- ence; elected first governor of Maryland, 1777- 1779; moved to Frederickstown, Md.; appointed by President Washington ^ ne g rs ^ United States judge for the district of Maryland September 24, 1789, and associate justice of the United States supreme court October 31, 1791, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Rutledge, and served until February, 1793, when he resigned; declined a cabinet position tendered by President Wash- ington August 24, 1795; appointed by President John Adams chief judge of the territory of Columbia February 28, 1801; assisted in laying out the streets of Washington and in designating sites for public buildings; died in Rose Hill, Md., October 25, 1819. Johnson, Thomas Loftin, a Representative from Ohio; born in Georgetown, Scott county, Ky., July 18, 1854; attended the public schools; em- ployed in a rolling mill, and later in a railroad office, and became secretary of the company; invented the "Johnston" street railway rail in 1872; moved to Cleveland, Ohio, and constructed and operated a street railway system; went to Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1896, and became interested in street railways; again located in Cleveland, Ohio, and became interested in rolling mills, as well as in surface railways; was defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Fifty-first Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, 1899, 1901, 1903, 1905, and 1907); defeated as the Democratic candi- date for governor of Ohio in 1903; died in Cleve- land, Ohio, April 10, 1911. Johnson, Waldo Porter, a Senator from Mis- souri; born in Bridgeport, Harrison county, Va., September 16, 1817; attended public and private schools, and was graduated from Rector college, Prantytown, Va., in 1839; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Virginia; moved to Osceola, Mo., in 1842 and practiced law; served in the war with Mexico as a member of the first Missouri regiment of mounted volun- teers; elected to the state legislature when in the field in Mexico, and was mustered out and served 1847; elected circuit attorney in 1848, and judge of the seventh judicial circuit in 1851; resigned in 1852 and resumed law practice; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 17, 1861, to January 10, 1862, when he was expelled from the Senate; served in the Confederate army, was wounded at Pea Ridge, March 8, 1862; attained the rank of lieutenant colonel; appointed member of the Confederate senate, to fill a vacancy; sought refuge in Canada near the close of the Civil war; returned to Osceola, Mo., and was president of the state constitutional convention of October, 1875; died in Osceola, Mo., August 14, 1885. Johnson, William, a Representative from Ohio; born in Ireland in 1819; emigrated to the United States and located in Ohio; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Mansfield, Ohio; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); defeated for reelection; died in Mansfield, Ohio, May 3, 1866. Johnson, William Cost, a Representative from Maryland; born near Jefferson, Frederick county, Md., January 14, 1806; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1831, and began practice in Jefferson, Md.; mem- ber of the state legislature; delegate in the Mary- land state constitutional convention; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); again elected to the Twenty- fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843); resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C., and died there, April 14, 1860; interment in Jefferson, Md. Johnson, William Samuel, a Delegate and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Stratford, Conn., October 7, 1727; was graduated from Yale college in 1744; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Stratford; delegate from Connecticut to the convention of the colonies in New York in 1776; was Connecticut agent extra- ordinary to the court of England 1761-1771, to determine the state title to Indian lands; judge of the supreme court of Connecticut 1772-1774; mem- ber of the state council 1780-1782; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1784-1787; delegate in the constitutional convention of 1787; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1789, to March 4, 1791, when he resigned; president of Columbia college of New York City 1792-1800; died in Stratford, Conn., November 14, 1819. BIOGKAPHIES. 765 Johnston, Charles, a Representative from New York; native of Connecticut; attended the common schools; moved to Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); defeated for reelection. Johnston, Charles C., a Representative from Virginia; born in Abingdon, Va., in 1795; received a liberal schooling- studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced at Abingdon, Va.; elected to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831- March 3, 1833); died in Alexandria, Va., June 17, 1832. Johnston, David Emmons, a Representative from West Virginia; born near Peairsburg, Giles county, Va., April 10, 1845; attended the common schools; enlisted in the Confederate army in April, 1861, and served four years in the seventh Virginia regiment of infantry, Kemper's brigade of Pickett's division; twice wounded at Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862, and in the charge of Pickett's division at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Giles county, Va., in 1867; moved to Mercer county, W. Va., in 1870; elected prosecuting attorney as a Democrat and served four years; elected to the state senate in 1878; resigned; elected judge of the ninth judicial cir- cuit in 1880, and served eight years; Democratic presidential elector in 1896; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); moved to Portland, Oreg., and resumed the practice of law. Johnston, James Thomas, a Representative from Indiana; born in Putnam county, Ind., Jan- uary 19, 1839; attended the common schools; com- menced the study of law in 1861; in July, 1862, enlisted as a private in company C, sixth Indiana cavalry; in September, 1863, transferred to com- pany A, eighth Tennessee cavalry, and com- missioned as second lieutenant and served until January, 1864, when he resigned; afterwards served as commissary sergeant of one hundred and thirty-third Indiana infantry; commissioned lieu- tenant and assistant quartermaster of the one hundred and forty-ninth Indiana infantry, and mustered out in September, 1865; admitted to the bar in March, 1866, and practiced in Rockville, Ind.; prosecuting attorney for two years; member of the state house of representatives in 1868, and of the state senate 1874-1878; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Rockville, Ind., July 19, 1904. Johnston, John Warfield, a Senator from Vir- ginia; born in Panicello, near Abingdon, Va., Sep- tember 9, 1818; attended the Abingdon academy and the South Carolina college, Columbia, S, C.; studied law in the University of Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1839; commonwealth attor- ney for Tazewell county 1844-1846; state senator 1846-1848; judge of the circuit court of Virginia 1866-1870; elected as a Conservative to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy in the term beginning March 4, 1865, and served from October 20, 1869, to March 3, 1871; reelected to fill vacancy in term beginning March 4, 1871; was again re- elected in 1876 and served from March 15, 1871, to March 3, 1883; died in Richmond, Va., Feb- ruary 27, 1889. Johnston ; Joseph Eccleston, a Representa- tive from Virginia; born in Longwood, Prince Ed- ward county, Va., February 3, 1807; moved with parents to Panicello, near Abingdon, Va., in 1811; attended the Abingdon academy, and was grad- uated from the West Point military academy in 1829, in the class with Robert E. Lee; was as- signed to the fourth United States artillery as second lieutenant and was garrisoned in New York and Fort Monroe, Va., 1829-1832; first lieu- tenant July 31, 1836; resigned May 31, 1837; com- missioned first lieutenant of topographical en- gineers July 7, 1838; captain September 21, 1846; lieutenant colonel of voltigeurs April 9, 1847, to August 28, 1848; lieutenant colonel first cavalry March 3, 1855; brigadier general and quarter- master general June 28, 1860; brevet captain July 7, 1838, "for gallantry on several occasions in the war against the Florida Indians;" major and colonel April 12, 1847, "for gallantry and meri- torious conduct at Cerro Gordo, Mexico, where he was severely wounded under the enemy'a works, while on reconnoitering duty;" lieutenant colonel September 13, 1847, "for gallantry and meri- torious conduct in the battle of Chapultepec, Mexico; resigned April 22, 1861; general in the Confederate army 1861-1865; located in Vicksburg, Miss., was president of a railroad company in Arkansas and engaged in the insurance business 1868-1877; removed to Richmond, Va,, in 1877, and was president of an express company; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); commissioner of railroads under President Cleveland 1887-1891; died in Washington, D. C., March 21, 1891. Johnston, Joseph Forney, a Senator from Alabama; born in Lincoln county, N. C., March 23, 1843; attended public schools; enlisted in the Con- federate army as a private in March, 1861, and served during the war; was wounded four times, and rose to the rank of captain; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1866, and practiced in Selma, Ala., 1866-1884; removed to Birmingham, Ala., practiced law, and was president of the Ala- bama national bank; elected governor of Alabama in 1896 and reelected in 1898, and served four years; unanimously elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Edmund W. Pettus, and his term of service began August 6, 1907 ; reelected for the term ending March 3, 1915. Johnston, Josiah Stpddard, a Representative and a Senator from Louisiana; born in Salisbury, Conn., November 24, 1784; moved with parents to Kentucky in 1790; was graduated from Tran- sylvania university in 1805; studied law and commenced practice in Alexandria, La.; member of the state house of representatives; state district judge 1812-1821; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Brown; twice reelected and served from January 15, 1824, until his death, caused by an explosion of the steamboat Lioness upon which he was a passenger, on Red river, La., May 19, 1833. Johnston, Samuel, a Delegate and a Senator from North Carolina; born in Dundee, Scotland, December 15, 1733; brought by parents to Chowan county, N. C., in 1736; attended school in New England; studied law, was admitted to the bar; and practiced ; member of state assembly in 1760, treasurer of the northern division,; moderator of the Revolutionary convention of 1775; state sena- 766 CONGKESSIONAL DIEECTORY. tor 1779; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1780-1782; presided over the state conventions of 1788 and 1789; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate, and served from November 27, 1789, to March 3, 1793; judge of the superior courts of North Carolina 1800-1803; died near Edenton, N. C., August 18, 1816. Johnston, Thomas Dillard, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Waynes ville, Hay- wood county, N. C., April 1, 1840; attended the common schools; entered the University of North Carolina in 1858, but left in the spring of 1859 on ac- count of failing health; studied law; entered the southern army in the spring of 1861 and received three desperate wounds at Malvern Hill; admitted to the bar in 1866, and practiced in Asheville; elected mayor in 1869; member of the state house of representatives in 1870; candidate for Demo- cratic elector on the Greeley ticket in 1872; re- elected to the state house of representatives in 1872; declined a reelection; state senator in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fif- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Asheville, N. C., June 22, 1902. Johns tone, George, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Newberry, S. C., April 18, 1846; attended the public schools; entered the state military academy, from which he enlisted in the Confederate army as a member of the bat- talion of state cadets and served until the close of the war; attended the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, 1866-1869; returned to Newberry, N. C.; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1871; declined a nomination to the state legislature in 1874; elected to the state house of representatives in 1877, and served until 1884; declined reelection; member of the commission that revised the tax laws and suggested amendments to the state con- stitution in 1881; member of the state executive committee of the Democratic party 1880-1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); member of the state constitutional convention of 1895; re- sumed the practice of law in Newberry, S. C. Jolley, John Lawlor, a Representative from South Dakota; born in Montreal, Quebec, July 14, 1840; attended the common schools; moved to Wisconsin in 1857; settled in Dakota territory July 9, 1866; enlisted as a private in company C, twen- ty-third Wisconsin volunteer infantry, August 22, 1862; mustered out as second lieutenant, July 4, 1865; member of the territorial house of repre- sentatives in 1867-1868; of the territorial council in 1875, and 1881; state senator 1889-1890; mayor of the city of Vermilion in 1877, and 1885; member of the Sioux Falls constitutional convention in 1889; member of the Republican national con- vention in Chicago in 1884; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John R. Gamble, and served from December 7, 1891, to March 3, 1893; resumed the practice of law in Vermilion, S. Dak. Jonas, Benjamin Franklin, a Senator from Louisiana; born in Williamstown, Grant county, Ky., July 19, 1834; moved with parents to Adams county, 111., where he attended public schools; in 1853 moved to New Orleans, La.; studied law, was graduated from the law department of the University of Louisiana in 1855, admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in New Orleans; served in the Confederate army as a private, cap- tain, and acting adjutant of the artillery of Hood's corps in the army of Tennessee until the close of the war; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1865, and served until reconstruction; chairman of the Louisiana delegation in the Dem- ocratic national convention in 1868; elected to the state senate in 1872; city attorney of New Orleans in 1875 and 1878; member of the state house of representatives 1877-1879; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1879, to March 3, 1885; collector of the port of New Orleans 1885-1889; defeated as the Democratic candidate for the United States Senate in 1884, and in the primaries of 1904; died in New Orleans, La., December 21, 1911. Jones, Alexander Hamilton, a Representa- tive from North Carolina; born in Buncombe county, N. C., July 21, 1822; completed prepara- tory studies; became a merchant; enlisted in the Union army in 1863; captured in east Tennessee while raising a regiment of Union volunteers and imprisoned in Asheville, also at Camp Vance, Camp Holmes, and in Libby, in Richmond, Va.; conscripted; made his escape November 14, 1864; again joined the Union forces in Cumberland, Md.; after the war returned to North Carolina; member of the state convention in 1865; elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty-ninth Congress, but, as North Carolina had not been readmitted to representa- tion, he was not admitted; elected to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, and served from July 6, 1868, to March 3, 1871; defeated for the Forty- second congress; resided in Washington, D. C., until 1876; in Maryland until 1884; in Asheville, N. C., until 1890; in Oklahoma until 1897; moved to California in 1897; died in Long Beach, Cal., January 29, 1901. Jones, Allen, a Delegate from North Carolina; born in Halifax county, N. C., December 24, 1739: attended Eton college, England; was a member of the colonial assembly; delegate in the state con- ventions in Newbern in 1775, and Halifax in 1776; served throughout the Revolutionary war, and was a brigadier general; Delegate in the Con- tinental Congress 1779-1780; state senator 1784- 1787; member of the state convention in 1788; died in Northampton county, N. C., November 10, 1798. Jones, Benjamin, a Representative from Ohio; born in Winchester, Frederick county, Va., April 13, 1787; completed preparatory studies; moved to Wooster, Ohio; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); died in Wooster, Ohio, April 24, 1861. Jones, Burr W., a Representative from Wis- consin; born in Union, Rock county, Wis , March 9, 1846; pursued an academic and collegiate course, was graduated from the literary department of the Wisconsin state university in 1870, and from the law department in 1871; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Madison, Wis.; elected district attorney of Dane county in 1872 and 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885). Jones, Charles W., a Senator from Florida ; born in Ireland in 1834; came with parents to the United States in 1844 and settled in Pensacola, Fla., in 1854; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1857, and practiced in Pensacola; member of the national Democratic convention in Baltimore in 1872; un- BIOGEAPHIES. 767 successful Democratic candidate for Congress in 1872; member of the state house of representatives in 1874; elected rs a Democrat to the United States Senate 1875; reelected in 1881, and served from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1887; moved to Detroit, Mich., in 1887, and died there October 11, 1897. Jones, Daniel Terryll, a Representative from New York; born in Hebron, Conn., August 17, 1800; received a liberal schooling; studied medicine, was licensed to practice, and practiced in Con- necticut and New York; moved to Baldwinsville, N. Y.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty- third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); died in Baldwinsville, N. Y., March 29, 1861. Jones, Francis, a Representative from Tennes- see; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Winchester, Tenn.; elected to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1823); resuhied the practice of law in Winchester, Tenn., and died there. Jones, Frank, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Barrington, N. H., September 15, 1832; attended the public schools; moved to Portsmouth in 1849, ana became a merchant and brewer; owned establishments in Portsmouth and South Boston, Mass.; mayor of Portsmouth 1868- ] 869 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor of New Hampshire 1880; joined the Re- publican party; interested in railroads; Republican presidential elector in 1900; died in Portsmouth, N. H., October 2, 1902. Jones, George, a Senator from Georgia; born in Savannah, Ga., February 25, 1766; received an academic training' studied medicine with his father, Dr. Noble W. Jones, and practiced for a number of years; participated in the Revolution during 1780-1781, and was imprisoned upon an English ship; was repeatedly a member of the state assembly, in both branches; served in the war of 1812 as captain of a company of Savannah reserves; alderman 1793-1794, 1802-1803, and 1814-1815; mayor of Savannah 1812-1814; judge of the superior court for the eastern circuit of Georgia; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Abraham Baldwin, and served from August 27, 1807, to November 7, 1807; died in Savannah, Ga., November 13, 1838. Jones, George Wallace, a Delegate from the territory of Michigan, the territory of Wisconsin, and a Senator from Iowa; born in Vincennes, Ind., April 12, 1804; was graduated from the Transyl- vania university, Kentucky, in 1825; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; clerk of the United States courts in Missouri in 1826; moved to Michi- gan territory and located in Sinsinawa Mound; judge of the county court; elected a Delegate from Michigan territory to the Twenty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1835, until December, 1836, when, the territory of Wisconsin having been formed from the territory of Michigan, and his residence being in the new territory, he was elected, and qualified, as a Delegate from Wis- consin territory, and as such served out the term, from December 7, 1836, to March 3, 1837; presented a certificate of election as a Delegate from the territory of Wisconsin to the TVenty-fifth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1837, to January 14, 1839, when he was succeeded by James D. Doty, who contested his election; appointed surveyor of public lands for the territories of Wisconsin and Iowa by President Van Buren January 29, 1840; removed by President Tyler July 4, 1841; reap- pointed by President Polk January 3, 1846, and served, with headquarters in Dubuque, Iowa, until December, 1848, when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate as one of the first Senators from the State of Iowa, and served from December 7, 1848, to March 3, 1859; appointed minister resi- dent of the United States to New Granada by Presi- dent Buchanan March 8, 1859, and served in Bogata until recalled by President Lincoln in July, 1861; on his return and upon his arrival in New York City was arrested by order of Secretary Seward on the charge of disloyalty, based on a friendly letter to hia former college mate, Jefferson Davis; was imprisoned in Fort Lafayette, New York harbor, for sixty-four days, when he was released by order of President Lincoln; returned to Dubuque, Iowa, and died there July 22, 1896. Jones, George Washington, a Representative from Tennessee; born in King and Queen county, Va., March 15, 1806; moved to Fayetteville, Tenn.; completed preparatory studies; justice of the peace 1832-1835; served several years in both branches of the legislature; served as county clerk; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1853); reelected to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); a representative from Tennessee in the first Confed- erate congress; delegate in the state constitutional convention in 1870; died in Fayetteville, Tenn., November 14, 1884. Jones, George W., a Representative from Texas; born in Marion county, Ala., September 5, 1828; moved with parents to Tipton county, Tenn., and shortly after to Bastrop, Tex., in 1848; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected district attorney in 1856; en- listed in the Confederate army as a private; elected lieutenant colonel and afterwards promoted to the colonelcy of the seventeenth Texas infantry; re- turned to Bastrop county; member of the constitu- tional convention of 1866; elected lieutenant gov- ernor of Texas; removed by Gen. Sheridan as "an impediment to reconstruction"; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); resumed the practice of law in Bastrop, Tex. Jones, Isaac D., a Representative from Mary- land; native of Maryland; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Princess Anne county; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); elected attorney general of Maryland in 1863. Jones, James, a Representative from Georgia; native of Maryland; moved to Georgia with his uncle, Col. Marbury; attended the academy in Augusta; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and Eracticed in Savannah ; served several terms in both ranches of the legislature; member of the state constitutional convention of May, 1798; elected to the Sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1799, until his death in Washington, D. 0., January 13, 1801; interment in the Congressional cemetery in Washington, D. C. 768 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Jones, James, a Representative from Virginia; born in Amelia (now Nottoway) county, Va., De- cember 11, 1772; attended Hampden-Sidney col- lege, Va., the Jefferson medical college, Philadel- phia, Pa., and was graduated in medicine from the University of Edinburg, Scotland, in 1796; returned to Amelia county and practiced medicine and engaged in planting; several times a member of the state legislature; privy councillor of Virginia four consecutive terms; a presidential elector; defeated candidate for the Fifteenth Congress, to fill a vacancy; elected as a Republican to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1823); died at his estate "Mountain Hall," Not- taway county, Va., April 25, 1848. 'Jones, James C., a Senator from Tennessee; born in Davidson county, Tenn., April 20, 1809; attended the public schools; member of the state house of representatives in 1839; governor of Ten- nessee 1841-1845; presidential elector on the Tay- lor ticket in 1848; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1851, to March 3, 1857; died in Memphis, Tenn., October 29, 1859. Jones, James H., a Representative from Texas; born in Shelby county, Ala., September 13, 1830; moved with parents to Talladega county, Ala., in early youth; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1851, and com- menced practice in Henderson, Tex.; enlisted in the Confederate army and served as captain, lieu- tenant colonel, and colonel of the eleventh Texas infantry; presidential elector on the Hancock and English ticket in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); resumed the practice of law in Henderson, Tex. Jones, James Kimbrough, a Representative and a Senator from Arkansas; born in Marshall county, Miss., September 29, 1839; removed with parents to Dallas county, Ark., in 1848; pursued classical studies; enlisted in the Confederate army; returned to his plantation in Arkansas; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Washington, Hempstead county, Ark., in 1873; member of the state senate 1873-1879, and presi- dent of the senate in 1877; delegate in the Demo- cratic national convention of 1-896; chairman of the Democratic national committee of 1896; delegate in the Democratic national convention in Kansas City in 1900; again chairman of the Democratic national committee; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885); elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1885; reelected in 1890 and 1897, and served from March 4, 1885, until March 3, 1903; pursued the practice of law in Washington, D. C., and died there June 1, 1908. Jones, James Taylor, a Representative from Alabama; born in Richmond, Va., in 1832; moved to Marengo county, Ala.; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Princeton college in 1852, and from the law school of the University of Vir- ginia in 1855; admitted to the bar in 1856; enlisted in the Confederate army as a private in the fourth Alabama regiment; delegate in the Alabama state constitutional convention of 1865; member of the state senate 1872-1873; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); elected as a Democrat to the Forty -eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas H. Herndon; reelected to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses, and served from December 3, 1883, to March 3, 1889; resumed the practice of law in Demopolis, Ala.; circuit judge of the first judicial circuit of Alabama 1889 until his death in Demopolis, Ala., February 15, 1895. Jones, John Glancy, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Caernarvon township, Berks county, Pa., October 7, 1811; attended Kenyon college; studied theology and was ordained to the ministry of the Episcopal church in 1833; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Easton, Pa., in 1842; district attorney for Berks county, 1847-1849; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty -second Congress (March 4, 1851- March 3, 1853); reelected to the Thirty-third Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Henry A. Muhlenbcrg; reelected to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, and served from February 13, 1854, until October 30, 1858, when he resigned; declined the position of United States minister to Berlin, tendered in 1857; presidential elector in 1856; appointed minister to Austria by President Buchanan December 7, 1858, and served from De- 'cember 15, 1858, to November 14, 1861; died in Reading, Pa., March 24, 1877. Jones, John J., a Representative from Georgia; born in Burke county, Ga., November 13, 1824; was graduated from Emory college; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1848, and practiced in Waynesboro, Ga.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1859, to January 23, 1861, when he joined with his colleagues in presenting a signed communication to the House of Representatives declaring their inten- tion, and withdrew. Jones, John Percival, a Senator from Nevada; born in Herefordshire, England, in 1829; emi- grated with his parents to this country when he was less than a year old, and settled in the northern part of Ohio; attended public schools in Cleve- land; moved to California and engaged in mining, and in farming in Tuolumne county; sheriff of the county; member of the state senate 1863-1867; moved to Gold Hill, Nev., in 1868; engaged in the development of the mineral resources of that state; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1873, 1879, 1885, 1890, and 1897, and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1903; retired to his home in Santa Monica, Cal., and dkd there November 29, 1912. Jones, John. Sills, a Representative from Ohio; born in Champaign county, Ohio, February 12, 1836; received a scientific training; was grad- uated from the Ohio Wesleyan university in 1855; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1857; elected prosecuting attorney for Delaware county 1860; served as first lieutenant and captain in the Union army 1861-1864; reenlisted to command the one hundred and seventy-fourth Ohio in- fantry in September, 1864; mustered out July 7, 1865; resumed the practice of law; mayor of Dela- ware in 1866; again elected prosecuting attorney for Delaware county 1866-1872; presidential elec- tor on the Republican ticket in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); member state house of rep- resentatives 1879-1884; died in Delaware, Ohio, April 11, 1903. Jones, John W., a Representative from Georgia; born in Montgomery county, Md., April 14, 1806; moved with hi* parents to Kentucky; received a BIOGRAPHIES. liberal schooling; studied medicine, and was grad- uated from Jefferson college, Philadelphia, Pa.; moved to Griffin, Ga., and practiced; member of the state legislature; elected as a Whig to the Thir- tieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); moved to Alabama, and engaged in planting; returned to Georgia, where he was appointed a professor in the state medical college; died in Atlanta, Ga., in 1872. Jones, John Winston, a Representative from Virginia; born in Chesterfield, Va., November 22, 1791; was graduated from William and Mary col- lege in 1803; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fourth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1845) ; Speaker of the House of Representatives in the Twenty-eighth Congress; declined a reelection; died in Petersburg, Va., January 29, 1848. Jbnes, Joseph, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Virginia in 1727; member of the Virginia house of burgesses, of the committee of safety of 1775, and of the Virginia convention of 1776; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1777-1778 and 1780-1783; appointed judge of the general court January 23, 1778, but resigned in October, 1779; reappointed November 19, 1789; member of the convention of 1788, and a major general of Virginia militia; died in King George county, Va., October 28, 1805. Jones, Morgan, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, February 26, 1832; received a liberal schooling; member of the city council 1858-1862; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867). Jones, Nathaniel, a Representative from New York; born in Warwick, Orange county N. Y., Feb- ruary 17, 1788; moveo. to Newburgh, N. Y., in 1841; completed preparatory studies and later taught school; member of the state house of representatives 1827-1828; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837- March 3, 1841) ; surveyor general of New York from February, 1842 to November, 1844; state canal com- missioner 1844-1847; member of the state senate 1852-1853; died in Newburgh, N. Y., July 20, 1866. Jones, Noble Wymberly, a Delegate from Georgia; born near London, England, in 1732; emigrated with his parents to the United States and located in Savannah, Ga.; studied medicine and practiced in Savannah 1756-1774; member of the colonial assembly and of the state house of repre- sentatives, and its speaker 1768-1770; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1775-1776; removed to Charleston, S. C., in 1778; captured at the fall of Charleston in 1780 and imprisoned at St. Augus- tine, Fla.; exchanged in 1781; located in Phila- delphia, Pa., in 1781 and engaged in the practice of medicine; again a Delegate to the Continental Congress, accredited to Georgia, 1781-1783; re- turned to Savannah, Ga., in 1782; resumed pro- fessional labors ; and was elected to the general assembly; president of the state constitutional convention in 1795; died in Savannah, Ga., Janu- ary 9, 1805. Jones, Owen, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born near Ardmore, Montgomery county, Pa., December 29, 1819; attended public schools, and was graduated from the University of Penn- sylvania; studied law in Philadelphia, was ad- mitted to the bar of Montgomery county, May 19, 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 49 1842, and practiced; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); defeated for reelection; participated in the Civil war; raised a company of cavalry, company B, first Pennsylvania cavalry; captain August 5, 1861; major January 3, 1862; lieutenant colonel, and colonel May, 1863; resumed the practice of law; died near Ardmore, Pa., December 25, 1878. Jones, Phineas, a Representative from New Jersey; born at Spencer, Worcester county, Mass., April 18, 1819; attended the common schools; moved to Elizabethport, N. J., in 1855; two years a member of the city council of Elizabethport; moved to Newark in 1860; engaged in manufactur- ing, and in mercantile business; vice president of the New Jersey state agricultural society; member of the state house of representatives 1874-1875; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); died in New- ark, N. J., April 19, 1884. Jones, Roland, a Representative from Louisi- ana; native of North Carolina; moved to Shreve- port, La.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Jones, Seaborn, a Representative from Georgia; born in Augusta, Ga., February 1, 1788; attended Princeton college; studied law, and, by a special act of legislature, admitted to the bar in 1808; commenced practice in Milledgeville, Ga.; ap- pointed solicitor general of the Ocmulgee circuit in September, 1817 ; solicitor general of Georgia in 1823; one of the commissioners appointed to inves- tigate the office of agent for Indian affairs and the disturbances in the Creek nation; moved to Col- umbus, Ga., in 1827; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); reelected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); died in Columbus, Ga., March 18, 1864. Jones, Thomas Laurens, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Rutherford county. N. C., January 22, 1819; was graduated from Princeton college, and from the law department of Harvard university; admitted to the bar in Charleston, S. C., in 1846, and commenced practice in New York City in 1847; moved to Newport, Ky.: member of the general assembly 1853-1854; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); reelected to the Fortv-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); died in Newport, Ky., July 20, 1887. Jones, Walter, a Representative from Virginia; born in Williamsburg, ya., December 18, 1745; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1760; studied medicine in Edinburgh, Scotland, and received the degree of doctor of medicine in 1770; returned to Virginia and located in Northum- berland county; physician general of the middle military department 1777; elected as a Democrat to the Fifth Congress (March 4, 1797-March 3. 1799); reelected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1811); died in Westmoreland county, Va., Decem- ber 31, 1815. Jones, Wesley Livsey, a Representative and a Senator from Washington ; born near Bethany, 111 . , October 9, 1863; was graduated from Southern Illi- nois college in Enfield in 1885 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1886; moved to North Yakima, Wash., in 1889, and engaged in the prac- 770 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tice of law; elected as a Republican, and from the state at large, to the Fifty-sixth, and to the four suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1909); elected to the United States Senate for the term expiring March 3, 1915. Jones, William, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1760; com- pleted academic studies; served in the Revolu- tionary war in a company of volunteers and partici- pated in the battles of Trenton and Princeton; en- tered the Continental naval service under Commo- dore Truxton, and served with the James River flotilla; was twice wounded and twice taken pris- oner; moved to Charleston, S. C.; returned to Pennsylvania; elected aa a Democrat to the Sev- enth Congress (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1803); ap- pointed Secretary of the Navy by President Madi- son, and served from January 12, 1813, to December 2, 1814; president of the bank of the United States; collector of customs in Philadelphia, Pa.; died in Bethlehem, Pa., September 5, 1831. Jones, William Atkinson, a Representative from Virginia; born in Warsaw, Va., March 21, 1849; entered the Virginia military institute in 1864, and served in the defense of Richmond, Va., until its evacuation; attended Coleman's school in Fredericksburg, and was graduated from the law department of the University of Virginia in 1870; admitted to the bar in July, 1870, and commenced practice in Warsaw, Va. ; commonwealth attorney tor several years; delegate in the Democratic na- tional conventions of 1880, 1896, and 1900; elected as a Democrat to the* Fifty-second, and to the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Jones, William Carey, a Representative from Washington; born in Remsen, Oneida county, N. Y., April 5, 1855; attended the public schools, the seminary in West Salem, Wis., and the law department of the University of Wisconsin; was admitted to the bar in Madelia, Minn., in 1876 and practiced; city attorney several terms; moved to Washington Territory; elected district attorney for the twelfth district of the Territory of Washington in 1886 and 1888; elected attorney general of the state upon the admission of the state into the union in 1889, and again in 1892; elected as a Free Silver Republican to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); resumed the practice of law in Spokane, Wash. Jones, William Theopilus, a Delegate from Wyoming; born in Corydon, Ind., February 20, 1842; received a liberal schooling; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the Union army as major of the seventeenth Indiana volunteers; as a Republican to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died in Corydon, Ind., October 6, 1882. Jones, Willie, a Delegate from North Carolina; born in Halifax county, N. C., in 1731; attended Eton college, England; president of the North Car- olina committee of safety in 1775, and ex ofBcio first governor of the new state; member of the first con- stitutional convention in 1776; member of the house of commons of North Carolina 1776-1778; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1780-1781; elected to the United States constitutional conven- tion in 1787, but declined; member of the state constitutional convention called to ratify the Con- stitution of the United States July 21, 1788; died near Raleigh, N. C., June 18, 1801. Jordan, Isaac M., a Representative from Ohio; born in Mifflinsburg, Union county, Pa., May 5, 1835; attended a preparatory school in North wood, Ohio; was graduated from Miami university, Ox- ford, Ohio, July, 1857; studied law and was admit- ted to the bar in May, 1858; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (Mar 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); declined renomination; enaged in the prac- tice of law in Cincinnati; died from injuries re- ceived in an elevator accident in Cincinnati, Ohio, December 3, 1890. Jorden, Edwin J., a Representative from Pennsylvania; elected to the Fifty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Myron B. Wright; took his seat February 23, 1895, and served until March 4, 1895. Jorgensen, Joseph, a Representative from Virginia; born in Philadelphia, Pa., February 11, 1844; was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania; cadet surgeon, United States army, March 17, 1864-March 23, 1865; acting assistant surgeon April 10, 1865-Sep- tember 10, 1865, and June 5, 1867-February 21, 1870j elected to the house of representatives of Virginia 1871 ; appointed postmaster of Petersburg; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty- sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); appointed register of the land office at Walla Walla, Wash. Ter., by President Ar- thur February 27, 1883, and served until removed by President Cleveland in 1886; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1880; died in Portland, Oreg., January 21, 1888. Joseph, Antonio, a Representative from New Mexico; born in Taos, N. Mex., August 25, 1846; attended Lux's academy in Taos and Bishop Lammy's school in Santa Fe, N. Mex., for two years; also attended Webster college, in St. Louis county, Mo., for four years; completed a commer- cial course at Bryant & Stratton's commercial col- lege, St. Louis, Mo.; engaged in mercantile pur- suits; county judge of Taos county, N. Mex.; mem- ber of the territorial legislature ; elected to the terri- torial senate, and its president; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty- second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1895); died in Ojo Calienta, N. Mex., April 18, 1910. Joy, Charles Frederick, a Representative from Missouri; born in Morgan county, 111., December 11, 1849; attended the public schools; was gradu- ated from the academic department of Yale college in 1874; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and engaged in practice in St. Louis, Mo., in 1876; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, Fifty- fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1903); resumed the practice of law in St. Louis; elected recorder of deeds in 1906 and in 1910. Joyce, Charles Herbert, a Representative from Vermont; born near Andover, England, Janu- ary 30, 1830; emigrated to the United States in 1836 and settled in Waitsfield, Vt.; attended Nprthfield academy and Newbury seminary; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1852, and began practice in Northfield, Vt.; two years state librarian; dis- trict attorney for Washington county 1857-1858; BIOGRAPHIES. 771 served in the Union army as major and lieutenant colonel of the second Vermont volunteers; resumed the practice of law in Rutland, Vt. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1869, 1870, and 1871; speaker in 1870 and 1871; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty- sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1883); resumed the practice of law in Rutland, Vt.; retired resident of Pittsfield, Vt. Joyce, James, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cumberland, Guernsey County, Ohio, July 2, 1870; taught school and studied law; entered the senior class of the Cincinnati law school in 1891, and was admitted to the bar March 3, 1892, at Colum- bus; was superintendent of schools 1893-1894, and 1894-1895; began active practice of the law in Cam- bridge, Ohio, in 1895; member of the house of rep- resentatives, general assembly of Ohio in 1895; re- elected in 1897; delegate in the Republican na- tional convention in Chicago in 1904; elected as a Republican to the Sixty -first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Cambridge, Ohio. Judd, Norman Buel, a Representative from Illinois; born in Rome, N. Y., January 10, 1815; received a liberal schooling; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Chicago, 111., in 1836; city attorney 1837-1839; served sixteen years in the Illinois state senate, 1844-1860; mem- ber Republican national convention of 1860; ap- pointea minister plenipotentiary to Berlin by r resident Lincoln March 6, 1861, and served until 1865 ; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); appointed collector at the port of Chicago by President Grant December 5, 1872, and served until his death in Chicago, 111., November 10, 1878. Judson, Andrew Thompson, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Eastford, Conn., No- vember 29, 1784; received a limited schooling; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1806; moved to Montpelier, Vt., where he began practice; returned to Connecticut and settled in Canterbury in 1809; state attorney for Windham county 1819- 1833 ; served several years in the state house of rep- resentatives; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1835, until July 4, 1836, when he resigned; appointed by President Jackson United States judge tor the dis- trict of Connecticut June 28, 1836, and served until his death in Canterbury, Conn., March 17, 1853. Julian, George Washington, a Representative from Indiana; born near Centerville, Ind., May 5, 1817; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1840; member of the state house of representatives in 1845; delegate in the Buffalo Free Soil convention, and Van Buren elector in 1848; candidate for vice president on the Free Soil ticket in 1852; delegate in the national Republican convention in Pittsburgh in 1856; elected as a Free Soiler to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty -seventh, Thirty-eighth, Thirty- ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1871); appointed by President Cleveland surveyor general of New Mexico Decem- ber 13, 1886, and served four years; died in Irving- ton, a suburb of Indianapolis, Ind., July 7, 1899. Junkin, Benjamin P., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Cumberland county, Pa., November 12, 1822; was graduated from Fayette college; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1844, and commenced practice in Bloomfield, Pa.; district attorney for Perry county 1850-1853; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); defeated for reelection; resumed the practice of law in Bloom- field, Pa. Kahn, Julius, a Representative from California; born in Kuppenheim, Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany, February 28, 1861; came to California with his parents in 1866; attended the public schools of San Francisco; followed the theatrical profession for ten years, playing with Edwin Booth, Joseph Jefferson, Tomassq Salvini, Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Florence, Clara Morris, and other well-known stars; returned to San Francisco in 1890; studied law; elected to the state house of representatives in 1892; was admitted to the bar by the supreme court of California in January, 1894;, elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903); re- elected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Kalanianaole, Jonah KuMo, a Delegate from Hawaii; born in Koloa, island of Kauai, Hawaii, March 26, 1871; attended schools in Honolulu, the United States, and England*; capitalist; em- ployed in the office of minister of the interior and in the customhouse under the monarchy; created prince by royal proclamation in 1884; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty : ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Kalbneisch, Martin, a Representative from New York; born in Flushing, Holland, February 8, 1804; attended the public schools; studied chemistry; emigrated to New York City in 1826, and engaged in manufacturing; health warden in 1832; and school trustee in 1836; established a chemical factory in Greenpoint, N. Y., in 1844; supervisor of Bush wick 1852-1854; alderman in Brooklyn 1855-1861; mayor 1862-1864 and 1868- 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); delegate in the Union national convention of 1866; again mayor of Brooklyn 1867-1871, and defeated as an independent candidate for reelection; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., February 12, 1873. Kane, Elias Kent, a Senator from Illinois; born in New York City, June 7, 1796; attended the pub- lic schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Nashville, Tenn.; moved to Kaskaskia, 111., in 1815; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1818; first secretary of state of Illinois; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1825; reelected in 1831, and served from March 4, 1825, until his death in Washington, D. C., December 11, 1835; interment in family cemetery on old Kane farm near Fort Gage, 111. Kane, Nicholas T., a Representative from New York; a resident of Albany, N. Y.; elected to the Fiftieth Congress, and served from March 4, 1887, until his death in Albany, N. Y., September 14, 1887, before the assembling of the Congress. Kasson, John Adam, a Representative from Iowa; born in Charlotte, Vt., January 11, 1822; was graduated from the University of Vermont 772 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. in 1842; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in St. Louis, Mo., until 1857; moved to Des Moines, Iowa, and continued in practice; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1860; first assistant postmaster general in Presi- dent Lincoln's administration in 1861, and re- signed in 1862; United States commissioner to the International postal congress in Paris in 1863 ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867); commissioner from the United States in 1867 to negotiate postal conventions with Great Britain, France, Belgium, Holland, Germany, Switzerland, and Italy; member of the state house of representatives 1868-1872; reelected as a Republican to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); ap- pointed by President Hayes envoy and minister of the United States to Austria-Hungary October 17, 1877; confirmed by the Senate October 30, 1877, and served until 1881; again elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh and Forty- eighth Congresses ; and served from March 4, 1881, until his resignation, July 13, 1884; appointed by President Arthur envoy and minister to Germany July 4, 1884; confirmed the same day, 1 and served one year; special envoy to the Congo interna- tional conference in Berlin in 1885; and to the Samoan international conference in 1889; United States special commissioner plenipotentiary to negotiate reciprocity treaties in 1897; member of the United States and British joint high com- mission which met in Quebec in 1898, to adjust Canadian questions; died in Washington, D. C., May 19, 1910; interment in Des Moines, Iowa. Kaufman, David Spangler, a Representative from Texas; born in Boiling Springs, Pa., Decem- ber 18, 1813; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Princeton college in 1833; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Natchez, Miss., and commenced practice in Natchitoches, La.; moved to Nacogdoches, Tex., in 1837; served against the Indians; representative in the Texas congress 1839-1843; senator 1843-1845; appointed charge 1 d'affaires of Texas to the United States in 1845; moved to Lowes Ferry, Tex.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress, and served from June 1, 1846, to March 3, 1847; located in Sabine, Tex., and reelected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses, and served until his death in Washington, D. C., January 31, 1851. Kavanagh, Edward, a Representative from Maine; born in Newcastle, Me., April 27, 1795; attended Georgetown college, D. C., and was graduated from the Montreal seminary in 1820; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Damariscotta, Me. ; member of the state house of representatives 1826-1828; secretary of the state senate in 1830; state senator and president of the senate 1842-1843; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-second and Twenty- third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835); defeated for the Twenty-fourth Congress; ap- pointed by President Jackson charg6 d'affaires to Portugal March 3, 1835, and served until 1841; one of the joint commission on the Northeastern boundary in 1842; acting governor of Maine 1843- 1844; died in New Castle, Me., January 21, 1844. Kean, John, a Delegate from South Carolina; born in South Carolina about 1766; served in the Continental army; taken prisoner at the capture of Charleston in 1780 by General Clinton and was confined aboard a prison ship several months; member of the commission to settle accounts be- tween the United States and the individual States; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1785- 1787 ; cashier of the Bank of the United States in Philadelphia, Pa.; died in Philadelphia, Pa., in May, 1795. Kean, John, a Representative and a Senator from New Jersey; born in Ursino, near Elizabeth, N. J., December 4, 1852; studied in private schools and entered Yale college, class of 1876, but did not graduate; studied law, was graduated from the Columbia law school, New York City, in 1875, and was admitted to the New Jersey bar in 1877; and began practice in Elizabeth, N. J.; engaged in banking and other business; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); defeated for the Forty-ninth Congress; reelected to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); elected to the United States Senate in 1899 and 1905, and served from March 4, 1899, to March 3, 1911; engaged in bank- ing in Elizabeth, N. J. Kearney, Dyre, a Delegate from Delaware; sat in the Continental Congress 1786-1788. Kearns, Thomas, a Senator from Utah; born near Woodstock, Ontario, April 11, 1862; attended public schools; moved with his parents to Holt county, Nebr., and engaged in the business of freighter; moved to Salt Lake City, and afterwards to Park City, Utah; member of the city council of Park City in 1895, and of the constitutional convention of the same year; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1896, and the Philadelphia convention of 1900; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate for the term commencing March 4, 1899, and served from January 23, 1901, to March 3, 1905; resumed mining in Utah and Colorado, and a resident of Salt Lake City, Utah. Keese, Richard, a Representative from New York; born in Peru, N. Y., November 23, 1794; attended the common schools; founded Keese- ville, N. Y.; elected as a Democrat to the Twen- tieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); died February 9, 1883. Kehoe, James Nicholas, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Maysville, Ky., July 15, 1862; attended public and private schools; engaged in the printing business until 1884; studied law in Louisville, Ky., was admitted to the bar No- vember 1, 1888, and engaged in practice in Mays- ville; served as precinct, county, and district chairman of the Democrat executive committee; city attorney of Maysville; master in chancery of the Mason county circuit court; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905); resi- dent of Maysville, Ky., and connected with banks and other corporations. Kehr, Edward Charles, a Representative from Missouri; born in St. Louis, Mo., November 5, 1837; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar February 18, 1858, and commenced practice in St. Louis; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); defeated for the Forty-fifth Congress. Keif er, Joseph Warren, a Representative from Ohio; born in Bethel township, Clark county, Ohio, BIOGRAPHIES. 773 January 30, 1836 j attended the common schools and Antioch college, Ohio; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Springfield, Ohio, in 1858; enlisted in the Union army April 19, 1861; commissioned major of the third Ohio volunteer infantry April 27, 1861; lieutenant colonel Febru- ary 12, 1862; colonel of the one hundred and tenth Ohio volunteer infantry September 30, 1862; brevet brigadier general of volunteers October 19, 1864, "for gallant and meritorious services in the battles of Opequon, Fishers Hill, and Cedar Creek, Vir- ginia;" major general April 9, 1865, "for gallant and distinguished services during the campaign ending in the surrender of the insurgent army under General Robert E. Lee;" mustered out June 12, 1865; severely wounded in the battle of the Wilder- ness, May 5, 1864; member of the Ohio state senate 1868-1869; trustee of the Ohio soldiers' and sailors' orphans home from April 16, 1870, to March 5, 1878, and again in 1903-1904; trustee of Antioch college since June 30, 1873; delegate in the Republican national convention in Cincinnati, June, 1876; elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-sev- enth, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1877- March 3, 1885); Speaker of the Forty-seventh Con- gress; major general of volunteers in the Spanish- American war, June 9, 1898, to May 12, 1899; re- elected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911). Keightley, Edwin William, a Representative from Michigan; born in Van Buren, Lagrange county, Ind., August 7, 1843 ; attended the common schools and Valparaiso collegiate institute; was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1865; commenced the practice of law in St. Joseph county, Mich.; county prosecuting attorney 1873- 1874; appointed and elected judge of the fifteenth judicial circuit of Michigan in 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); resumed the practice of law and farming in Constantine, St. Joseph county, Mich. Keim, George May, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Reading, Pa., March 23, 1805; pursued classical studies; attended Princeton college; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1826, and commenced practice in Reading; major general of militia; delgate in the state constitu- tional convention of 1837-1838; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry A. Muhlenberg; reelected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 17, 1838, to March 3, 1843 ; appointed by President Tyler United States marshal for the eastern district of Pennsyl- vania December 18, 1843, and reappointed by Pres- ident Polk January 3, 1848, and served until 1850; defeated as a Presidential elector on the Demo- cratic ticket in 1860; died in Reading, Pa., June 10, 1861. Keim, William High, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born near Reading, Pa., June 25, 1813; attended Mount Airy military school, and attained the rank of major general of militia; mayor of Reading in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of J. Glancy Jones, and served from December 7, 1858, to March 3, 1859; surveyor gen- eral of Pennsylvania 1860-1862; enlisted in the Union army; major general Pennsylvania volun- teers April 20, 1861; mustered out July 21, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers December 20, 1861; died in Harrisburg, Pa., May 18, 1862. Keitt, Lawrence Massillon, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Orangeburg district, S. C., October 4, 1824; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from the South Carolina college in 1843; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice in Orangeburg; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third, Thirty- fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1853, until December, 1860, when he withdrew, having been elected a delegate to the secession convention of South Caro- lina; member of the provisional congress of the Con- federacy in Montgomery, February, 1861, and in Richmond in July, 1861; served as colonel in the Confederate army; killed in the battle of Cold Har- bor, near Richmond, Va., June 4, 1864; interment in family cemetery, near St. Matthews, S. C. Keliher, John Austin, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., November 6, 1866; member of the state house of representatives 1896-1897; member of the state senate 1899-1900; elected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911); a resident of Boston, Mass., and engaged in the real estate business. Kelley, Harrison, a Representative from Kan- sas; born in Montgomery township, Wood county, Ohio, May 12, 1836; attended the common schools; moved to Kansas in March, 1858; enlisted in the fifth Kansas cavalry and served through all grades to captain; captain of company B, fifth cavalry, for over two years; returned to Burlington, Kans., in 1865; member of the state house of representa- tives one term; brigadier general of Kansas state militia in 1865; director of the state penitentiary 1868-1873; receiver of United States land office in Topeka; deputy collector of internal revenue; chairman of live stock sanitary commission of the state; treasurer of state board of charities; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Ryan, and served from December 2, 1889, until March 3, 1891; died in Burlington, Kans., July 24, 1897. Kelley, John Edward, a Representative from South Dakota; born in Columbia county, Wis., March 27, 1853; attended the public schools; moved to South Dakota in 1878; engaged in farming and later in the newspaper business; member of the state house of representatives; in 1892 nominated by the People's Party for Congress, and again in 1894, but defeated; elected to the Fifty-fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); returned to Colman, S. Dak., and engaged in farming. Kelley, William Darrah, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., April 12, 1814; pursued classical studies; apprentice in a jewelry establishment; moved to Boston and was engaged as journeyman jeweler; returned to Phila- delphia in 1840; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1841, and practiced; deputy prosecuting attorney for the city and county of Philadelphia 1845-1846; judge of the court of common pleas for Philadelphia 1846-1856; delegate in the Repub- lican national convention of 1860; elected to the Thirty-seventh, and to the fourteen succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1861, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 9, 1890; interment in Philadelphia, Pa. Kellogg, Charles, a Representative from New York; born in Sheffield, Mass., October 3, 1773; attended the common schools; moved to Cayuga 774 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. county, N. Y., in 1798, and founded Kelloggsville; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; elected county judge; member of the state house of representatives 1808-1810 and 1820-L822; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825- March 3, 1827); died in Ann Arbor, Mich., May 11, 1842. Kellogg, Francis William, a Representative from Michigan and from Alabama; born in Worth- ington, Mass., May 30, 1810; attended the common schools; moved to Grand Rapids, Mich., and en- gaged in the lumber business in Kelloggville, Kent county; member of the state house of representa- tives 1857-1858; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1865); ap- pointed by President Johnson collector of internal revenue for the southern district of Alabama April 30, 1866; confirmed July 26, 1866, and served until July, 1868; moved to Mobile, Ala.; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress from Ala- bama, and served from July 22, 1868, to March 3, 1869; located in Alliance, Ohio, and died there January 13, 1879. Kellogg, Orlando, a Representative from New York; born in Elizabethtown, N. Y., June 18, 1809; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1838, and commenced prac- tice in Elizabethtown; surrogate of Essex county 1840-1844; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Con- gress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); reelected to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses and served from March 4, 1863, until his death in Elizabethtown, N. Y., August 24, 1865. Kellogg, Stephen Wright, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Shelburne, Mass., April 5, 1822; was graduated from Yale college in 1846; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Waterbury, Conn.; clerk of the state senate in 1851; elected to the state senate in 1853 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1856; judge of the New Haven county court in 1854, and of the probate court 1854-1860 j dele- gate in the national Republican conventions of 1860 and 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); defeated for the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses; Republican presi- dential elector in 1901; died in Waterbury, Conn., January 27, 1904. Kellogg, William, a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Ashtabula county, Ohio, July 8, 1814; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Canton, Ohio; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1849-1850; judge of the state circuit court 1852-1855; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1863); ap- Sainted by President Lincoln minister resident to uatemala, April 21, 1864, but declined; ap- pointed by President Johnson chief justice of Nebraska Territory December 20, 1865, and served two years; died in Peoria, 111., December 20, 1872. Kellogg, William Pitt, a Representative and a Senator from Louisiana; born in Orwell, Vt., December 8, 1830; attended Norwich univer- sity, Vermont; moved to Illinois in 1848; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Peoria, 111., in 1853, and commenced practice in Fulton county, 111.; served as presidential elector in I860; ap- pointed by President Lincoln chief justice of the supreme court of the Territory of Nebraska March 25, 1861; resigned and accepted the colonelcy of the seventh Illinois cavalry; -served under Gen- eral Pope in Missouri, and commanded General Granger's cavalry brigade until the evacuation of Corinth; appointed by President Lincoln col- lector of the port of New Orleans April 13, 1865, and served until July, 1868; elected as a Repub- lican to the United States Senate, and served from July 8, 1868, until he resigned, November 1, 1872; fovernor of Louisiana from January 5, 1873, to anuary 5, 1877; again elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1877, to March 3, 1883; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); delegate in every Republican national convention from 1868 to 1896; retired and settled in Washington, D. C. Kelly, James, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in York county, Pa., July 17, 1760; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania; tutor at the uni- versity of Pennsylvania 1782-1783; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Phila- delphia 1785-1819; member of the state legislature 1793-1794 and 1797-1798; elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1809); died in Philadelphia, Pa., February 4, 1819. Kelly, James Kerr, a Senator from Oregon; born in Centre county, Pa., February 16, 1819; was graduated from Princeton college in 1839; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1842; in 1849 went to California, then to Oregon Terri- tory in 1851, and located in Portland; commis- sioner for the codification of the territorial laws in 1852; legislative councilor 1853-1857; served in the Yakima Indian war in 1855-1856; member of the state constitutional convention of 1857, and a framer of the Oregon constitution; member of the state senate 1860-1864; appointed by President Buchanan in 1860 United States district attorney for Oregon, but declined; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877; died in Washington, D. C., September 15, 1903. Kelly, John, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, April 21, 1821; attended the common schools; pursued the mason's trade; elected alderman' in 1854; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1855, until he resigned December 25, 1858; sheriff of the city and county of New York 1859-1862 and 1865-1867; defeated for mayor of New York City in 1868; appointed comptroller of New York in 1876, and served three years; delegate in the Democratic national con- ventions of 1864, 1868, 1872, 1876, 1880, and 1884; died in New York City June 1, 1886. Kelly, William, a Senator from Alabama; born in Tennessee about 1770; received a classical edu- cation; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Hunts ville, Ala.; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1821, to December 1, 1822, when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate December 12, 1822, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John W. Walker, and served from December 12, 1822, to March 3, 1825; re- moved to New Orleans, La., and died there in 1832. BIOGRAPHIES. 775 Kelsey, William H., a Representative from New York; born in Smyrna, N. Y., October 2, 1812 studied law, was admitted to the bar, and engaged in practice in Geneseo, N. Y. ; surrogate of Livings- ton county 1840-1844; elected county district attorney in 1850; district attorney 1851-1853; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); reelected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3. 1871); died April 20, 1879. Kelso, John Russell, a Representative from Missouri; born in Franklin county, Ohio, March 23, 1831; received a classical training, and was gradu- ated from Pleasant Ridge college, Missouri, in June, 1859; principal of an academy; served in the Union army as a member of the twenty-fourth Mis- souri infantry, the fourteenth Missouri cavalry, and the eighth Missouri cavalry, and was captain of company M; brevetted major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel "for gallant and meritorious services"; mustered out April 18, 1865; elected as an inde- pendent Radical to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); moved to Califor- nia in 1872, and to Colorado in July, 1885; died in Longmont, Boulder county, Colo., January 26, 1891. Kem, Omer Madison, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Wayne county, Ind., November 13, 1855; attended the common schools; moved to Custer county, Nebr., in March, 1882; moved to Broken Bow in January, 1890; deputy treasurer of Custer county 1890-1891 ; elected as an Independ- ent to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1897); retired to a fruit farm near Mont-rose, Colo. Kemble, Gouverneur, a Representative from New York; born in New York City January 25, 1786; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from Columbia college in 1803: engaged in mercantile pursuits; appointed consul at Cadiz by President Monroe; established a cannon foun- dry at Cold Spring, N. Y.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1846; interested in the promotion of the Hudson River and Panama railroads; died in Cold Spring, N. Y., September 16, 1875. Kempshall, Thomas, a Representative from New York; born in England about 1796; attended the common schools; came to the United States and located in Rochester, N. Y., in 1827; engaged in milling; alderman in the first common council in 1834; mayor of Rochester, N. Y., in 1837; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4 1839-March 3, 1841); died in Rochester, N. Y., January 14, 1865. Kenan, Thomas, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Kenansville, Duplin county, N. C., February 26, 1771; member of the state house of commons 1799-1803; elected to the state senate in 1804; elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1811); moved to Kenansville, near Selma, Ala., in 1832; served several terms in the legislature of Alabama; died in Kenansville, Ala., October 22, 1848. Kendall, Charles West, a Representative from Nevada; born in Searsmont, Me., April 22, 1828; attended Phillips academy, Massachusetts, and Yale college; studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Sacramento, Cal.; member of the state house of representatives 1861- 1862; moved to Hamilton, Nev.; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875). Kendall, John W., a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Morgan (now Elliott) county, Ky., June 26, 1834; attended the common schools and Owingsville academy; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in West Liberty, Ky.; twice elected county attorney of Morgan county; first lieutenant and adjutant of the tenth Kentucky Confederate cavalry, and served throughout the war; member of the Kentucky legislature for two terms; six years commonwealth attorney for the thirteenth judicial district; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress, and served from March 4, 1891, until his death in West Liberty, Ky., March 7, 1892. Kendall, Jonas, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Worcester, Mass., June 6, 1757; pursued an academic course; engaged in the manu- facture of paper in Leominster, Mass.; member of the state house of representatives 1800-1801, 1803- 1807, and 1821; served in the state senate 1808- 1811; member of the executive council in 1822; presidential elector in 1816; elected to the Six- teenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); died in Leominster, Mass., October 29, 1844. Kendall, Joseph Gowing, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Leominster, Mass., October 27, 1788; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Harvard college in 1810; tutor there 1812-1819; elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833); county clerk of Worcester county; died in Worcester, Mass., October 2, 1847. Kendall, Joseph M., a Representative from Kentucky; born m West Liberty, Ky; attended the state college of Kentucky and the University of Michigan; examined by the court of appeals of Kentucky and admitted- to practice law before he was of age; practiced in Prestonsburg, Ky.; clerk in the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of his father, John W. Kendall, and served from May 5, 1892, to March 3, 1893; received the certificate of election to the Fifty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1895, to February 18, 1897, when he was succeeded by N. T. Hopkins, who contested his election; re- sumed the practice of law in Prestonsburg, Ky. Kendall, Nathan E., a Representative from Iowa; born in Greenville, Lucas county, Iowa, March 17, 1868; attended rural schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and has practiced since May 15, 1889; five terms a member, and once speaker of the Iowa house of representatives; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Kenna, ' John Edward, a Representative and a Senator from West Virginia; born in Vacoulin, Va. [now West Virginia), April 10, 1848; removed with lis mother to Missouri m 1856; received a limited training in the schools; enlisted in the Confederate army in 1864; was wounded in that service in 1864, and was surrendered in Shreveport, La., in 1865; attended St. Vincent's college, Wheeling; studied 776 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. law, was admitted to the bar June 20, 1870, and commenced practice in Charleston, W. Va.; prose- cuting attorney for Kanawha county 1872-1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth, Forty- sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry G. Davis; reelected, and served from March 4, 1883, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 11, 1893. Kennedy, Andrew, a Representative from Indiana; born in Dayton, Ohio, July 24, 1810; moved with parents to a farm upon the Indian reserve, near Lafayette; soon after went to reside with an aunt in Connersville, Ind.; became a blacksmith's apprentice; attended the common schools; moved to Muncie, Ind.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1830, and practiced; state representative in 1835, and state senator in 1838; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1847); Democratic caucus nominee for United States Senator in 1847; was stricken with smallpox on the eve of the legislative joint convention, and died in Indianapolis, Ind., December 31, 1847. Kennedy, Anthony, a Senator from Maryland; born in Baltimore, Md., December 21, 1811; moved with parents to Charlestown, Va., in 1821; attended Jefferson academy, Charlestown, Va. ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; engaged in the cotton business in New Orleans, and planting in Virginia; member of the Virginia state house of representa- tives 1839-1843; defeated for the Twenty-ninth Congress; presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1848; returned to Baltimore in 1850; member of the state legislature in 1856; elected as a Unionist to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1857, to March 3, 1863; delegate in the state con- stitutional convention of 1867; died in Annapolis, Md., July 31, 1892. Kennedy, Charles A., a Representative from Iowa; born in Montrose, Iowa, March 24, 1869; completed preparatory studies; elected mayor of Montrose 1890-1895; member of the state legisla- ture in 1903-1905; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Kennedy, James, a Representative from Ohio; born in Poland township, Mahoning county, Ohio, September 3, 1853; prepared for college at Poland Union seminary, and was graduated from Westmin- ster college, Pennsylvania, 1876; studied law and was admitted to the bar in March, 1879, and prac- ticed in Youngstown, Ohio; elected as a Republi- can to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Youngstown, Ohio. Kennedy, John Lauderdale, a Representative from Nebraska; born on a farm in Ayrshire, Scot- land, October 27, 1854; attended the public schools of Scotland; emigrated to the United States and settled in Lasalle county, 111., and engaged in farm- ing; attended Knox college, Galesburg, 111., and was graduated from the law department of the state university of Iowa in 1882; practiced law in Omaha for twenty- two years; Republican presi- dential elector in Nebraska in 1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907); resumed law practice in Omaha, Nebr. ; chairman police and fire commis- sion 1907-1908; chairman Republican state com- mittee 1911-1912. Kennedy, John Pendleton, a Representative from Maryland; born in Baltimore, Md., October 25, 1795; pursued classical studies, and was gradu- ated from Baltimore college in 1812, served in the War of 1812; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1816, and commenced practice in Baltimore, Md.; member of the state legislature in 1821-1823; appointed secretary to the legation at Chile, Jan- uary 27, 1823, but resigned; unsuccessful candi- date for the Twenty-fifth Congress; subsequently elected to the same Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Isaac Me Kim, and served from April 30, 1838, to March 3, 1839; defeated for the Twenty-sixth Congress; presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1840; elected to the Twenty- seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845); secretary of the Navy in President Fillmore's Cabinet July 22, 1852, to March 7, 1853; died in Newport, R. I., August 18, 1870. Kennedy, Robert Patterson, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Belief on taine, Ohio, Jan- uary 23, 1840; attended the public schools; served in the Civil war; second lieutenant Twenty-third Ohio infantry June 11, 1861; captain and assistant adjutant general October 7, 1862; major and assist- ant adjutant general November 16, 1864; resigned April 8, 1865; recommissioned colonel One hundred and ninety-sixth Ohio infantry April 14, 1865; brevet lieutenant colonel of volunteers March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious services during the campaign in West Virginia and in the Shenan- doah valley;" brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, " for distinguished gallantry during the war;" mustered out September 11, 1865; re- turned to Bellefontaine, Ohio; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; appointed by President Hayes collector of internal revenue for the fourth district of Ohio, March 11, 1878; con- firmed March 25, 1878, and served until March, 1883; elected lieutenant governor of Ohio in 1885 and served until March 4, 1887, when he resigned; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty- first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); ap- pointed a member of the insular commission by President McKinley, to examine and report upon the civil conditions of Porto Rico, and was made president of the commission; resumed the practice of law in Bellefontaine, Ohio. Kennedy, William, a Representative from North Carolina; native of North Carolina; was graduated from the university of Pennsylvania in 1782; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected as a Federalist to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805); reelected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); defeated for reelection to the Twelfth Congress, but subsequently elected to the same Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Thomas Blount; reelected to the Thirteenth Congress, and served from January 30, 1813, to March 3, 1815. Kennett, Luther Martin, a Representative from Missouri; born in Falmouth, Ky., March 15, 1807; pursued an academic course; clerk of the Pendleton county court; moved to Missouri in 1825, and became a merchant; moved to St. Louis, Mo. ; vice president of the Pacific railroad company; mayor of St. Louis 1850-1853; president of the St. BIOGRAPHIES. 777 Louis & Iron Mountain railroad in 1853; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); defeated for the Thirty- fifth Congress; died in Paris, France, April 12, 1873. Kenney, Richard Holland, a Senator from Delaware; born in Laurel, Sussex county, Del., September 9, 1856; was graduated from Laurel academy, Delaware, in June, 1874; attended Ho- bart college, Geneva, N. Y.; studied law, and was admitted to the bar October 19, 1881, and prac- ticed*; elected state librarian in January, 1879; adjutant general of the state 1887-1891; delegate to the national Democratic convention in 1892; member of the national Democratic committee 1896-1908; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, for the term commencing March 4, 1895, to fill vacancy caused by the legislature of 1895 failing to elect, and served from January 19, 1897, until March 3, 1901; resumed the practice of law in Dover, Del. Kennon, William, a Representative from Ohio; native of Pennsylvania; completed preparatory studies; moved to St. Clairsville, Ohio; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833); reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1837); again elected to the Thirtieth Con- gress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849). Kent, Joseph, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland; born in Calvert county, Md., Jan- uary 14, 1779; received a liberal schooling; studied medicine and practiced in Calvert and Prince Georges counties, Md. ; elected as a Federalist to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses (March 4, 1811- March 3, 1815); reelected to the Sixteenth, Seven- teenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1819, until January 6, 1826, when he resigned; governor of Maryland 1826-1829; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1833, until his death, near Bladensburg, Md., November 24, 1837. Kent, Moss, a Representative from New York; born in Rensselaer county, N. Y., April 3, 1766; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the state senate 1799-1803; served in the state house of representa- tives 1807 and 1810; appointed county judge of Jefferson county February 26, 1810; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); died in Plattsburg, N. Y., May 30, 1838. Kenyon, William Scheuneman, a Represent- ative from New York; born in Catskill, Greene county, N. Y., December 13, 1820; attended a pri- vate academy in Catskill, the Kinderhook acad- emy, and was graduated from Rutgers college in 1842; studied law in Kingston, N. Y., and was admitted to the bar in Albany, N. Y., in 1846, and practiced in Kingston; elected as a Republican to Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); delegate to the Republican national con- ventions of 1872 and 1876; county judge of Ulster county 1883-1889; chairman of the county Repub- lican committee many years; died in Kingston, N. Y., February 9, 1896. Kern, Frederick John, a Representative from Illinois; born near Millstadt, 111., September 2, 1864; attended the public schools of Millstadt and the Illinois state normal university; taught in the public schools for five years; engaged in the news- paper business and became editor of the East St. Louis Gazette, and later of the Belleville Daily and Weekly News-Democrat; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903); a resident of Belleville, 111.; mayor five terms; engaged in newspaper work. Kernan, Francis, a Representative and a Sena- tor from New York; born in Wayne, N. Y., January 14, 1816; attended public schools, and was gradu- ated from Georgetown college, District of Columbia, in 1836; studied law in Utica, N. Y., was admitted to the bar in July, 1840, and practiced in Utica; reporter of the court of appeals of New York 1854- 1857; member of the state house of representatives in 1861; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); defeated for the Thirty-ninth Congress by Roscoe Conkling; member of the state constitutional convention 1867-1868; Democratic and Liberal candidate for governor of New York in 1872, and defeated by John A. Dix; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1881; defeated for reelection by Thomas C. Platt; regent of the University of the State of New York 1870-1892; died in Utica, N. Y., September 7, 1892. Kerr, Daniel, a Representative from Iowa; born near Dairy, Ayrshire, Scotland, June 18, 1836; emigrated with his parents to Madison county, 111., in 1841; was graduated from McKendree college in 1858; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1862; enlisted in the L T nion army August 12, 1862; promoted to second lieutenant company G, one hundred and seventh Illinois volunteers, in 1863, and to first lieutenant in 1864; member of the legis- lature of Illinois in 1868; moved to Iowa in 1870; elected to the legislature of Iowa in 1883; presi- dential elector on the Blaine and Logan ticket in 1884; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); retired to South Pasadena, Cal. Kerr, James, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Reedsville, Mifflin county, Pa., October 2, 1851; resided in Blair county until 1864; moved to Clearfield in 1867; pursued an academic course; elected justice of the peace in 1878; pro- thonotary for Clearfield county in 1880 and 1883; engaged in mining and shipping of bituminous coal, and the cutting and transportation of lumber; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); clerk of the United States House of Representatives during the Fifty- second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1895); died in New York City October 31, 1908; interment in Clearfield, Pa. Kerr, John, a Representative from Virginia; born in Caswell county, N. C., August 4, 1782; attended common schools; studied theology and was licensed as a Baptist minister in 1802; located in Halifax county, Va., in 1805; elected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); resumed the ministry, and was pastor of the Baptist churches of Arbor and Mary Creek; moved to Richmond, Va., in March, 1825, and was pastor of the First Baptist church; resigned in 1832; located upon a farm near Dan- ville, Va., in 1836, and died there, September 29, 1842. Kerr, John, Jr., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Pittsylvania county, Va., Febru- ary 10, 1811; completed academic studies in Rich- 778 CONGBESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. mond, Va.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Yanceyville, N. C.; defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1852; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; defeated for Thirty- fourth Congress; member of state legislature in 1858 and I860; judge of the supreme court of North Carolina during the Civil war; elected judge of the superior court in 1874 for a term of eight years; trustee of the University of North Carolina 1846- 1868, and of Wake Forrest college, N. C., 1844- 1856; died in Reidsville, N. C.) September 5, 1879. Kerr, John Bozman, a Representative from Maryland; born in Easton, Md., March 5, 1809; was graduated from Harvard college in 1830; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice in Easton, 1833; member of the state house of representatives 1836-1838; deputy attorney general for Talbot county 1847-1849; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); reelected to the Thirty-third Congress, but resigned before it assembled; appointed by Presi- dent Fillmore charge d'affaires to Nicaragua March 7, 1851, and served until July 27, 1854; returned and resumed practice in St. Michaels, Md.; died in Washington, D. C., January 27, 1878. Kerr, John Leeds, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland; born near Annapolis, Md., January 15, 1780; was graduated from St. John's college in 1799; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Easton; elected as a Whig to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829); defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty-first Congress; re- elected to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John S. Spence, and served from January 5, 1841, to March 3, 1843; died near Easton, Md., February 21, 1844. Kerr, Joseph, a Senator from Ohio; born in Chambersburg, Pa., in 1765; received a limited schooling; moved to Ohio in 1776, and located upon a large tract of land on the Scioto river just below Chillicothe, and that he afterwards lost to a Virginia claimant named Watts; justice of the court of quarter sessions 1797-1798; appointed by President Jefferson one of the commissioners to lay out the road from Cumberland, Md., to the Ohio river April 14, 1806; adjutant general of Ohio 1809-1810; member of the state senate in the third and fourth general assemblies; state representative 1808-1809 and 1819-1820; brigadier general of Ohio troops 1812-1815; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Worthington, and served from Decem- ber 10, 1814, to March 3, 1815; returned to Chilli- cothe, Ohio, and was proprietor of an inn 1815-1824; moved to a farm near Memphis, Tenn., in 1824, and later to Carrel parish, La., where he died in 1837. Kerr, Josiah Leeds, a Representative from Maryland; born in Vienna, Md., January 10, 1861; attended the public schools in Vienna, and Vienna academy; taught school in Kennebec county; moved to Cambridge in 1885; elected school ex- aminer in August, 1898, and served two years; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Walter Smith, and served from December 3, 1900, to March 3, 1901 ; returned to Cambridge, Md., and became a traveling salesman. Kerr, Michael Crawford, a Representative from Indiana; born in Titusville, Pa., March 15, 1827; attended public schools, Erie academy, and was graduated from the law department of Louis- ville university in 1851; admitted to the bar, and began practice in New Albany, Ind., in 1852; elected city attorney in 1854; prosecuting attorney of Floyd county in 1855; member of the state legis- lature 1856-1857; elected reporter of the supreme court of Indiana 1862-1865; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1865-Mareh 3, 1873); defeated for the Forty-third Congress; again elected to the Forty-fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1875, until his death; elected Speaker of this Congress; died in Rockbridge Alum Springs, Va., August 19, 1876. Kerr, Winfield Scott, a Representative from Ohio; born in Monroe, Richland county, Ohio, June 23, 1852; attended the common schools; was graduated from the law department of the Univer- sity of Michigan in 1879; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Mansfield, Ohio; member of the state senate 1888-1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1901); resumed the practice of law in Mansfield, Ohio. Kerrigan, James E., a Representative from New York; born in Ireland; completed preparatory studies; emigrated to America and located in New York City; member of the city council; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); served in the Union army as colonel; died in New York City in 1899. Kershaw, John, a Representative from South Carolina; native of South Carolina; completed academic studies; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815). Ketcham, John Henry, a Representative from New York; born in Dover, N. Y., December 21, 1832; pursued an academic course; became inter- ested in agricultural pursuits; supervisor 1854- 1855; member of the state assembly 1856-1857; state senator 1860-1861; enlisted in the Union army as colonel of the one hundred and fiftieth New York volunteers October 11, 1862; brevet brigadier general December 6, 1864; brigadier general April 1, 1865; brevet major general of vol- unteers March 13, 1865, "for gallant and merito- rious service during the war; " resigned December 2, 1865; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1873); often a dele- gate to Republican state conventions; and delegate to the Republican national conventions of 1876 and 1896; Commissioner of the District of Columbia July 3, 1874-June 30, 1877, when he resigned; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4,1879- March 3, 1893); declined a renomination; again elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty- sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty- ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1897, until his death, in New York City, November 4, 1906; interment in Valley View cemetery, Dovers Plains, N. Y. Ketchum, Winthrop Weller, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Wilkes-Harre, Pa., June 29, 1820; pursued classical studies; an in- structor in Wyoming seminary 1844-1847, and in BIOGEAPHIES. 779 Girard college, Pa., 1848-1849; studied law and was admitted to the bar January 8, 1850; prothonotary of Luzerne county 1855-1857 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1858; state senator 1859-1861; solicitor of the United States Court of Claims 1864-1866; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1875 until July 19, 1876, when he resigned; judge of the United States court for the western district of Pennsylvania, and served until his death in Pittsburgh, Pa., December 6, 1879. Key, David McKendree, a Senator from Ten- nessee; born in Greene county, Tenn., January 27, 1824; attended the common schools, and was grad- uated from Hiawassee college in 1850; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Kingston; removed to Chattanooga in 1853; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1856, and on the Breckenridge and Lane ticket in 1860; enlisted in the Confederate army and pro- moted to lieutenant colonel of the forty-third Tennessee infantry; member of the state constitu- tional convention of 1870; chancellor of the third chancery division 1870-1875; defeated as the Demo- cratic candidate to the Forty-third Congress; ap- pointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Andrew Johnson, and served from August 18, 1875, to Janu- ary 19, 1877; defeated for reelection; Postmaster General in President Hayes's cabinet March 12, 1877, to June 1, 1880, when he resigned; appointed by President Hayes United States judge for the eastern and middle district of Tennessee May 19, 1880; retired January 26, 1894; died in Chatta- nooga, Tenn., February 3, 1900. Key, Philip, a Representative from Maryland; born in St. Marys county, Md., in 1750; pursued an academic course in England ; returned to Mary- land and engaged in farming; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; elected to the state house of representatives and served as speaker; elected to the Second Congress (March 4, 1791- March 3, 1793); died in St. Marys county, Md., January 4, 1820. Key, Philip Barton, a Representative from Maryland; born in Cecil county, Md., in 1757; pursued an academic course; served in the British army > during the Revolutionary war; taken pris- oner in Florida, and went to England; released on parole; returned to Maryland in 1785 and located in Annapolis in 1790; several times a member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Feder- alist to the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Con- gresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1813); died in Georgetown, D. C., July 28, 1815. Keyes, Elias, a Representative from Vermont; born in Ashford, Conn., April 14, 1757; attended the common schools; moved to Stockb ridge, Vt., in 1785; presiding judge of Windsor county court 1803-1814, and 1815-1818; state representative for several years; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); died in Stockbridge, Vt., July 9, 1844. Kidder, David, a Representative from Maine; born in Dresden, Me., December 8, 1787; pursued classical studies with private tutors; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Bloomfield; removed to Skowhegan, Me., in 1817, and to Norridgewock in 1821; county attorney of Somerset county 1811-1823; elected as a Whig to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827); returned to Skow- hegan in 1827; state representative in 1829; died in Skowhegan, Me., November 1, 1860. Kidder, Jeff ersonParrish, a Delegate from Da- kota Territory; born in Braintree, Vt., June 4, 1818; attended the common schools; farmed and taught school; pursued classical studies, and was gradu- ated from Norwich university; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the state constitu- tional convention of 1843; state attorney 1842-1847; member of the state senate 1847-1848; lieutenant governor 1853-1854; moved to St. Paul, Minn., in 1857; member of the state house of representatives of -Minnesota in 1861, 1863, and 1864; appointed by President Lincoln associate justice or the su- preme court for Dakota Territory February 16, 1865; reappointed by President Grant April 3, 1869, and reappointed March 3, 1873; elected, as a Republican, a Delegate from Dakota Territory to the Forty -fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in St. Paul, Minn., October 2, 1883. . Kidwell, Zedekiah, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Fairfax county, Va., January 4, 1814; received a liberal schooling; studied medicine and was graduated from Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia, Pa., in 1839, and practiced in Fair- fax county, Va., 1839-1849; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1849; moved to Fairmont, Va.; member of the state house of representatives; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1849; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1852; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853- March 3, 1857) ; elected a member of the state board of public works in 1857; died in Fairmont, W. Va., April 27, 1872. Kiefer, Andrew Robert, a Representative from Minnesota; bom in Marienborn, in the dis- trict of Manz on the Rhine, Germany, May 25, 1832; attended school in Manz; emigrated to America in 1849, and located in St. Paul, Minn., in 1855; elected clerk of the legislature in 1860; en- tered the Union army as captain, second Min- nesota infantry volunteers, in 1861; commissioned colonel of militia in 1863; member of the state legis- lature in 1864; clerk of district courts of Ramsey county in 1878; Republican candidate for mayor of St. Paul in 1890; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); mayor of St. Paul in 1908; died in St. Paul, Minn., May 1, 1904. Kilbourn, James, a Representative from Ohio; born in New Britain, Conn., October 19, 1770; pursued classical studies; studied theology and entered the Episcopal ministry ; founded Worth- ington, Ohio, in 1803; one of the founders of the Scioto company, to trade in Ohio and the north- west, in 1801; appointed United States surveyor of public lands in 1805, and laid out the present city of Sandusky; appointed by President Madi- son one of three commissioners to ascertain the western boundary of the Virginia military reserva- tion, between the Little Miami and Scioto rivers, July 1, 1812; president of Worthington college; colonel of a frontier regiment in the War of 1812; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); state representative in 1823-1824, and 1838-1839; president of the convention of 1839, to lay the corner stone of the state capitol in Columbus, and of the Whig state convention of 1840; died in Worthington, Ohio, April 9, 1850. 780 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Kilgore, Constantine Buckley, a Representa- tive from Texas; born in Newnan, Ga., February 20, 1835; moved with his parents to Rush county, Tex., in 1846; received a common school and academic training; studied law; served in the Confederate army as a private, orderly sergeant, first sergeant, first lieutenant, and captain in the tenth Texas regiment; adjutant general of JSctor's brigade, Army of Tennessee, in 1862; wounded at Chickamauga; captured and confined as a prisoner in Fort Delaware during 1864; admitted to the bar, and practiced in Rusk county, Tex.; elected justice of the peace in 1869; member of the con- stitutional convention of 1875; presidential elector in 1880 on the Hancock and English ticket; elected to the state senate in 1884 for four years, and served as president pro tempore two years; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty- second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1887- March 3, 1895); appointed by President Cleveland United States judge for southern district of Indian Territory March 20, 1895, and served until his death in Ardmore, Ind. T., September 23, 1897. Kilgore, Daniel, a Representative from Ohio; born in Kings Creek, W. Va., in 1793; received a liberal schooling; moved to Cadiz, Ohio; member of state senate 1828-1832; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Humphrey H. Leavitt; reelected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses, and served from December 1, 1834, until July, 1838, when he resigned; died in New York December 12, 1851. Kilgore, David, a Representative from Indiana; born in Harrison county, Ky., April 3, 1804; moved with his father to Franklin county, Ind., in 1819; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced practice in Yorktown, Ind.; state representative 1833-1838; president-judge of the Yorktown cir- cuit 1839-1844; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1850; speaker of the state house of representatives in 1855; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); delegate in the National Union convention in Philadelphia in 1866; died near Yorktown, Lebanon county, Ind., January 22, 1879. Kille, Joseph, a Representative from New Jersey; native of New Jersey; pursued academic studies; located in Salem; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1841). Killinger, John Weinland, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Lebanon, Pa., Sep- tember 18, 1825; was graduated from Franklin and Marshall college, Pa., in 1843; studied law in Lancaster, Pa., was admitted to the bar in 1846, and practiced in Lebanon county 1846-1886; prosecuting attorney for Lebanon county 1848- 1849; member of the state house of representatives 1850--1851; state senator 1854-1857; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1856; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); assessor of internal revenue 1864-1866; reelected to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); again reelected to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); died in Lebanon, Pa., June 30, 1896. Kimball, Alanson M., a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Buxton, Me., March 12, 1827; pursued academic studies; moved to Wisconsin in 1852 and engaged in farming and mercantile pur- suits; elected to the state senate 1863-1864; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress. Kimball, William Preston, a Representative from Kentucky; born near East Hickman, Fay- ette county, Ky., November 4, 1857- attended the public schools, and the private schools of Prof. Lyle and Prof. Nesbit, and the Kentucky uni- versity in Lexington; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Lexington; member of the state legislature 1883-1884; city attorney of Lexington from October, 1891, to January 1, 1898; county attorney of Fayette county from January 1, 1898, to March 4, 1907; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1909); defeated for renomination; resumed the practice of law in Lexington, Ky. Kim m el, William, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Baltimore, Md., in 1812; attended St. Marys and Baltimore colleges; studied law and was admitted to the Baltimore bar; interested in agri- cultural and in business pursuits; state director of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad; stockholder and director in the Canton Company of Baltimore; director in the Union railroad company and in the Western Maryland extension; member of the state Democratic committee 1862-1866; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1864; member of the state senate 1866-1871; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); resumed the prac- tice of law in Baltimore, Md., and died there, December 28, 1886. Kincaid, John, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born near Danville, Mercer county, Ky., February 15, 1791; attended the public schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; attorney for the commonwealth; representative in the state legislature 1819, and 1836-1837; circuit judge; located in Stanford, Ky.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829- March 3, 1831); presidential elector in 1845; died in Gallatin, Tenn., February 7, 1873; interment in Danville, Ky. King, Adam, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in York, Pa., in 1790; pursued academic studies; studied medicine in the University of Pennsylvania and practiced in York several years; edited and published the York Gazette for ten years; clerk of the courts of York county 1818- 1826; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1833); defeated for elec- tion to the Twenty-third Congress; died in York, Pa., May 6, 1835. King, Andrew, a Representative from Missouri; born in Greenbrier county. W. Va., March 20, 1812; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in St. Charles, Mo. ; member of the state senate in 1846 and of the state house of representatives in 1858; judge of the circuit court, nineteenth judicial district of Missouri, 1859-1864; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1873). BIOGRAPHIES. 781 'King, Austin Augustus, a Representative from Missouri; born in Sullivan county, Tenn., September 20, 1802; attended the public schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1822; moved to Richmond, Mo., in 1830; state repre- sentative in 1834 and 1836; circuit judge of the fifth circuit 1837-1848; governor of Missouri 1848- 1853; delegate in the Democratic national conven- tion in 1860; again circuit judge 1862-1863; re- signed in 1863; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); defeated for the Thirty-ninth Congress; resumed the practice of law; died in St. Louis, Mo., April 22, 1870; interment in Richmond, Mo. King, Cyrus, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Scarborough, Me., September 16, 1772; pursued classical studies in Phillips academy, Andover, Mass., and was graduated from Columbia college in 1794; studied law in New York City with Rufus King, and served as his private secretary when he was minister to England in 1796; completed law studies in Biddeford, Me., and was admitted to the bar in 1797, and commenced prac- tice in Saco, Me.; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); died in Saco, Me., April 25, 1817. King, Daniel Putnam, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Danyers, Mass., January 8, 1801; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Harvard college, in 1823; studied law and was admitted to the bar; became a farmer; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1836- 1837; member of the state senate 1838-1841, and served one term as its president; member of house of representatives 1836-1837, and 1843-1844, and speaker in the last session; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses and served from March 4, 1843 until his death in South Danvers, Mass., July 25, 1850. King, George Gordon, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Newport, R. I., June 9, 1807; pursued classical studies in Newport, and in Phillips academy, and was graduated from Brown university in 1825; attended the Litch- field, Conn., law school, was admitted to the bar in 1827, and practiced in Providence and New- port; member and speaker of the state house of representatives 1845-1846; presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); died in Newport, R. I., July 17, 1870. King, Henry, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Palmer, Hampden county, Mass., July 6, 1790; pursued classical studies; studied law in New London, Conn., and Wilkes-Barre, Pa., was admitted to the Luzerne county bar April 3, 1815 and began practice in Allentown; member of the state senate 1826, 1827, 1828, 1830, 1831, and 1832; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835); died in Allentown, Pa., July 13, 1861. King, James Gore, a Representative from New Jersey; born in New York City May 8, 1791; pur- sued classical studies in England and in France; on his return was graduated from Harvard college in 1810; studied law at the Litchfield law school, but abandoned it to serve in the war of 1812 as assistant adjutant general of New York militia; engaged in mercantile pursuits in New York City, 1815, and in banking in Liverpool, England, in 1818; returned to New York City in 1824 and engaged in banking, with residence in New Jersey; promoter and presi- dent of the Erie railroad; member of New York chamber of commerce from 1817, and its vice presi- dent 1841-1845, president 1845-1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849- March 3, 1851); died in Weehawken, N. J., October 3, 1853. King, John, a Representative from New York; born in 1775; sheriff of Columbia county, N. Y., 1811-1813 and 1815-1819; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-second Goneness (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); died in New Lebanon, N. Y., Seprember 1, 1838. King, John Alsop, a Representative from New York; born in New York City January 3, 1788; at- tended Harrow school, England, and also educated in Paris; returned to New York City, studied law, and was admitted to the bar; served in the war of 1812 as lieutanant of cavalry; engaged in farming near Jamaica, N. Y. ; member of the state house of representatives 1819-1821; served as state senator in 1823, and resigned in 1825; appointed secretary of the legation at London in 1825; charge^ d'affaires June 15 to August 5, 1826; again elected a state representative in 1832, 1838, and 1840; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849- March 3, 1851); governor of New York 1857-1858; delegate in the first Republican national conven- tion in 1856; presidential elector on the Republi- can ticket in 1860; delegate from New York to the peace conference of 1861; died in Jamaica, N. Y., July 7, 1867. King, John Floyd, a Representative from Lou- isiana; born in Monticello, near St. Marys, Ga., April 20, 1842; attended the Russell school New Haven, Conn., Bartlett's College Hill school, Poughkeepsie, N. Y., and the military institute of Georgia, and the University of Virginia; enlisted in the Confederate army, and served in the army of Virginia; promoted by various grades to the rank of colonel of artillery; moved to Louisiana and en- gaged in planting; studied law; appointed briga- dier general of state troops; elected inspector of levees and president of the board of school directors of his district, and also a trustee of the University of the South; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1887); engaged in mining operations with residence in Washington, D. C. King, John Pendleton, a Senator from Georgia; born in Glasgow, Barren county, Ky., April 3, 1799; moved with parents to Bedford county, Tenn., in infancy; moved to Augusta, Ga., in 1815; was graduated from Richmond academy; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1819, and practiced in Augusta; pursued legal studies in Europe 1822- 1824; returned and continued law practice in Augusta, Ga., until 1829; member of the state con- stitutional convention of 1830; appointed judge of the court of common pleas in 1831 ; member of the state constitutional convention of 1833; elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George M. Troup; reelected in November, 1834, and served from November 21, 1833, until November 1, 1837, when he resigned ; president of the Georgia railroad and banking company 1841-1878; member of the state constitutional convention of 1865; died in Summerville, Ga., March 19, 1888. 782 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. King, Perkins, a Representative from New York; born in New Marlboro, Mass., January 12, 1784; pursued an academic course; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Greenville N. Y., in 1802, where he began practice; town clerk 1815; county judge of Greene county 1826- 1850; state representative in 1827; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); died in Freehold, Greene county, N. Y., November 29, 1875. King, Preston, a Representative and a Senator from New York; born in Ogdensburg, N. Y., Octo- ber 14, 1806; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Union college in 1827; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in St. Lawrence county, N. Y.; established the St. Law- rence Republican in 1830; postmaster of Ogdens- burg 1831-1834; member of the state house of rep- resentatives 1835-1838; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); reelected to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1857, to March 3, 1863; resumed practice in New York City; delegate in the national convention, and presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1864; appointed by President Johnson collector of the port of New York August 15, 1865; drowned from a ferryboat in New York harbor, N. Y., No- vember 12,1865; interment in Ogdensburg, N. Y. King, Rufus, a Delegate from Massachusetts and a Senator from New York; born in Scarboro, Mass, (now Maine), March 24, 1755; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Harvard college in 1777; studied law in Newburyport; served in the Revolutionary war; was admitted to the bar and began practice in 1780; state representative in 1782; Delegate from Massachusetts in the Continental Congress 1784-1787; delegate to the state constitu- tional convention 1787, and also to the Federal con- stitutional convention; moved to New York City in 1788; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1789-1790; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate in 1789; reelected in 1795, and served from July 16, 1789, until May 18, 1796, when he resigned; minister to Great Britain May 20, 1796, to May 18, 1803; Federalist candidate for vice president in 1804, and defeated; again elected to the United States Senate in 1813; reelected in 1819, and served from March 4, 1813, to March 3, 1825; defeated as the Federalist candidate for gov- ernor of New York in 1815, and for President of the United States in 1816; again minister to Great Brit- ain May 5, 1825, to June 16, 1826; died in Jamaica, N. Y., April 29, 1827. King, Rufus H., a Representative from New York; born in Rensselaerville, Albany county, N. Y., January 20, 1820; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from Wesleyan univer- sity, Lima, N. Y. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1843, and practiced in Catskill, N. Y.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1860; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1868 and 1880; president of the Catskill savings bank 1885-1890; died in Catskill, N. Y., September 13, 1890. King, Thomas Butler, a Representative from Georgia; born in Palmer, Mass., August 27, 1797, attended Westfield academy; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Philadelphia,and began prac- tice in Waynesville, Ga., in 1823; member of the state senate in 1832, 1834, 1835, and 1837; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843) ; defeated for the Twenty-eighth Congress; reelected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty- first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1845, until February 27, 1851, when he resigned; ap- pointed by President Fillmore collector of the port of San Francisco, Cal., February 27, 1851, and served until December 1, 1852, wnen he resigned; returned to Georgia and elected state senator in 1859; delegate in the Democratic national conven- tion of 1860; appointed a commissioner of Georgia in 1861, to visit Europe in advance of trade, and a commissioner of the Confederacy in Europe 1861- 1863; died in Waresboro, Ga., May 10, 1864. King, William Henry, a Representative from Utah; born in Fillmore City, Millard county, Utah, June 1, 1863; attended the public schools, the Brig- ham Young academy, the state university, and was graduated from the law department of the Univer- sity of Michigan, and commenced practice in Fill- more City; county attorney, county clerk, city assessor and collector, city recorder, member of the city council, school trustee; elected a member of the legislature and reelected; in 1889 moved to Provo City, Utah; in 1891 elected to the territorial legislature, and president of the council; county attorney of Utah county; city attorney of Provo City; appointed associate judge of the supreme court of Utah in July, 1894; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the unseating of Brigham H. Roberts, and served from April 25, 1900, to March 3, 1901; defeated for the Fifty-seventh Congress; re- sumed the practice of law in Salt Lake City, Utah. King, William Rufus, a Representative from North Carolina, and a Senator from Alabama; born in Sampson county, N. C., April 7, 1786; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1803; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1806, and began practice in Clinton; member of the state house of commons 1807-1809; city solicitor of Wilmington, N. C., 1810; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1811, until November 4, 1816, when he resigned; secretary of legation at St. Petersburg; returned to the United States in 1818 and located in Cahaba, Ala.; and in 1826, moved to Selma, Ala.; became a planter; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, twice reelected, and served from December 14, 1819, until April 15, 1844, when he resigned; min- ister to France 1844-1846; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Arthur P. Bagby; reelected and served from July 1, 1848 to January 18, 1853, when he re- signed; elected president pro tempore of the Senate May 6, and July 11, 1850; resigned as president pro tempore December 20, 1852; elected Vice President of the United States in 1852, and took the oath of office in Habana, Cuba, where he had gone for his health, March 4, 1853; a privilege ex- tended by special act of Congress; returned to Cahaba, Ala., and died there, April 18, 1853. King, William S., a Representative from Min- nesota; born in Malone, N. Y., December 16, 1828; attended the common schools; engaged iniarming, postmaster of the House of Representatives in the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, Fortieth, Forty- BIOGRAPHIES. 783 first, and Forty -second Congresses; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); died in Minneapolis, Minn., February 24, 1900. Kingsbury, William Wallace, a Delegate from Minnesota territory; born in Towanda, Pa., June 4, 1828; attended the public schools; was engaged as a commission merchant in Baltimore, Md., for three years; moved to Endion, Minn.; member of the territorial legislature 1855-1856; delegate in the state constitutional convention; elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); returned to Towanda, Pa.; died in Tarpon Springs, Fla., April 17, 1892. Kincaid, Moses P., a Representative from Nebraska; born near Morgantown, Monongalia county, W. Va., January 24, 1856; was graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan in 1876; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in O'Neill ? Nebr.; member of the state senate in 1883; district judge from April, 1887, to January, 1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Re- elected to the Sixty-second Congress. Kinkead, Eugene Francis, a Representative from New Jersey; born in county Cork, Ireland, March 27, 1876, and while his parents were upon a visit abroad; attended public schools in Jersey City, N. J., and was graduated from Seaton Hall, South Orange, N. J., in 1895; engaged in business in Jersey City; city alderman in 1898, and presi- dent of the board; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reeelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Kinloch, Francis, a Delegate from South Caro- lina; born in Charleston, S. C., March 7, 1755; edu- cated in Eton, England; commissioned captain in the Continental army in the Revolutionary war; wounded at the attack on Savannah in 1779; a Delegate in the Continental Congress 1780-1781; was a representative in the South Carolina legis- lature several terms; a justice of the peace; dele- gate in the convention to adopt the Federal con- stitution in 1787; member of the legislative council in 1789, and of the state constitutional convention of 1790; died in Charleston, S. C., February 8, 1826. Kinnard, George L., a Representative from Indiana; born in Pennsylvania in 1803; moved with his widowed mother to Tennessee, and completed preparatory studies; moved to Indianapolis, Ind., in 1823; held several local offices; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Marion county, Ind.; a representative in the state legisla- ture, state auditor, and colonel of state militia; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- third and Twenty-fourth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1833, until his death from injuries received in the explosion on the steamer Flora, on the Ohio river, November 25, 1836. Kinney, John Fitch, a Delegate from Utah territory; born in New Haven, Oswego county, N. Y., April 2, 1816; completed preparatory studies; studied law, moved to Marysville, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar in 1837, and began practice; moved to Mount Vernon, Ohio, in 1839, and from there to Lee county, Iowa, in 1844; secretary of legislative council, and prosecuting attorney of Lee county; judge of the supreme court of Iowa from 1847 until January, 1854, when he resigned; ap- pointed by President Pierce chief justice of the supreme court of the territory of Utah, and served from January, 1854, to 1857; moved to Nebraska territory and practiced law 1857-1860; again ap- pointed, by President Buchanan, chief justice of the territory of Utah, June 26, I860, and served until March, 1863, with residence in Salt Lake City; elected as a Democrat a Delegate from Utah territory to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); returned to Nebraska City, Nebr. Ty.; appointed by President Johnson a com- missioner to visit the Sioux Indians and inquire into the Fort Phil Kearney massacre of December, 1866, in February, 1867; appointed by President Arthur agent of the Yankton Sioux Indians in Dakota June 27, 1884; confirmed December 11, 1884, and served until January 1, 1889, when he resigned; returned to law practice in Nebraska City, Nebr. Kinsella, Thomas, a Representative from New York; born in county Wexford, Ireland, December 31, 1832; attended the common schools; member city water commission and board of education; postmaster of Brooklyn; became editor of Brooklyn Daily Eagle September 7, 1861; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1873); died in Brooklyn, N. Y., February 11, 1884. Kinsey, Charles, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Baltimore, Md., in 1773; attended the common schools; in early life engaged in the paper manufacture; moved to Bloomfield town- ship, Essex county, N. J., and continued the industry; moved to Paterson, N. J., in 1803; elected to the state assembly in 1812, and 1813; elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821); again elected to the state assembly in 1826; moved to New Prospect, near Hohokus, Bergen county, N. J., and carried on the manufacture of paper; appointed one of the common pleas judges of Bergen county in 1830, 1835 and 1840; died in New Prospect, N. J., June 25, 1849; interment just west of Waldwick, on the Erie Railway. Kinsey, James, a Delegate from New Jersey; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 22, 1731; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in the courts of Pennsyl- vania and New Jersey; member of the New Jersey assembly in 1772; member of the committee of correspondence for Burlington county; Delegate in the Continental Congress in 1774, and resigned in November of that year; chief justice of New Jersey from 1789, until his death in Burlington, N. J., January 4, 1803. Kinsey, William Metcalfe, a Representative from Missouri; born in Mount Pleasant, Jefferson county, Ohio, October 28, 1846; attended Hopedale academy, Harrison county, Ohio, and Monmouth college, Illinois; became a resident of Muscatine county, Iowa, in 1863; studied law in the Iowa state university in 1871, and was admitted to the bar and practiced in Iowa; moved to St. Louis, Mo., and engaged in the practice of law in 1875; elected as a Republican to the PHfty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); defeated for re- election to the Fifty-second Congress; resumed the practice of law in St. Louis, Mo.; judge of the cir- cuit court of the city of St. Louis. Kinsley, Martin, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Bridgewater, Mass., June 2, 1754; 784 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. was graduated from Harvard college in 1778; stud- ied medicine; purveyor of supplies in the Revolu- tionary army; served thirty years as a member of the state house of representatives; held local offices; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819- March 3, 1821) ; defeated for reelection to the Seven- teenth Congress. Kipp, George Washington, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Green township, Pike county, Pa., March 28, 1847; attended the public schools; engaged in the lumber business for thirty- five years; served as county commissioner of Wayne county, Pa., in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); defeated on the Democratic ticket for state treas- urer of Pennsylvania in 1909; reelected to the Sixty-second Congress, but died, before the begin- ning of the congressional term, on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, July 24, 1911; interment in Towanda, Pa. Kirkland, Joseph, a Representative from New York; born in Old Norwich, Conn., January 18, 1770; was graduated from Yale in 1790; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New Hartford, N. Y.; member of the state con- stitutional convention of 1801; member of the state house of representatives 1804-1805; moved to Utica, N. Y.; district attorney 1813-1815; member of the state house of representatives 1818, 1820, 1821, and 1825; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); mayor of Utica 1832, 1834, and 1835; died in Utica, N. Y., January 26, 1844. Kirkpatrick, Littleton, a Representative from New Jersey; born in New Brunswick, N. J., Octo- ber 19, 1797; was graduated from Princeton college in 1815; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1818, and began practice in New Brunswick; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); trustee of Rutgers college 1841-1859; mayor of New Bruns- wick, 1857-1858; died in Saratoga Springs, N. Y., August 15, 1859; interment in New Brunswick, N.J. Kirkpatrick, Snyder Solomon, a Representa- tive from Kansas; born in Franklin county, 111., February 21, 1848; attended the common schools; engaged in mercantile business in 1865; entered the law school at Ann Arbor, Mich., in 1867; re- turned to Illinois, admitted to the bar by the su- preme court of Illinois in July, 1868; moved to Kansas in 1873, and located in Fredonia; engaged in the practice of law; elected county attorney of Wilson county in 1879; member of the state senate; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); defeated for reelec- tion to Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses; elected to the Kansas legislature in 1902, and served 1903-1905; died in Fredonia, Kas., April 5, 1909. Kirkpatrick, William, a Representative from New York; born in Amwell, N. J., November 7, 1769; was graduated from Princeton college in 1788; studied medicine and commenced practice in Whitestown, N. Y.; moved to Salina, N. Y., in 1806; and was superintendent of the Onondaga salt springs, 1805-1807 and 1810-1831; elected to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809); died in Salina, N. Y., September 2, 1832. Kirkpatrick, William Sebring, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Easton, Pa., April 21, 1844; attended Lafayette college; studied law and was admitted to the bar October 2, 1865; solicitor of Easton 186(^-1874; president judge of the third judicial district; presided temporarily over the Republican state convention of 1882; delegate in the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1884; attorney general of Pennsyl- vania 1887-1891; lecturer on municipal law in and trustee of Lafayette college; elected as a Republi- can to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897- March 3, 1899); resumed the practice of law in Easton, Pa. Kirkwood, Samuel Jordan, a Senator from Iowa; born in Harford county, Md., December 20, 1813; attended the common schools, and the academy of John McLeod in Washington, D. C.; moved to Richland county, Ohio, in 1835; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1843; prosecut- ing attorney of Richland county in 1845-1849; member of the state constitutional convention of 1850-1851; moved to Johnson county, Iowa, in 1855; elected to the state senate in 1856; elected governor in 1859 and 1861; appointed by Presi- dent Lincoln minister to Denmark, March 7, 1863, but declined the appointment; elected as a Re- publican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Harlan, and served from January 13, 1866, to March 3, 1867; again elected governor of Iowa in 1875, and resigned in January, 1877; reelected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1877, to March 7, 1881, when he resigned; Secretary of the Interior in President Garfield's cabinet March 5, 1881; entered upon duties March 8, following, and served until April 6, 1882, when he resigned; died in Iowa City, Iowa, February 1, 1894. Kirtland, Dorrance, a Representative from New York; native of Coxsackie, N. Y. ; born in 1770; was graduated from Yale college in 1789; surrogate of Greene county 1808-1810 and 1811-1838; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); county judge 1828-1838. Kitchell, Aaron, a Representative and a Sena- tor from New Jersey; born in Hanover, N. J., July 10, 1744; attended the common schools, and became a blacksmith; elected as an Anti-Feder- alist to the Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1797); reelected to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1805, to March 12, 1809, when he resigned; was a representative in the state assem- bly; presidential elector on the Monroe and Tompkins ticket in 1817; died in Hanover, N. J., June 25, 1820. Kitchen, Bethuel Middleton, a Representa- tive from West Virginia; born in Berkeley county, W. Va., March 21, 1812; attended the common schools; engaged in farming; member of the state legislature 1861-1862; member of the state senate 1864-1865; presented credentials as a Member- elect to the Thirty-eighth Congress, but not ad- mitted; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); died in Berkeley county, W. Va., December 15, 1895. Kitchin, Claude, a Representative from North Carolina; born near Scotland Neck, in Halifax county, N. C., March 24, 1869; attended the com- mon schools, and was graduated from Wake Forest college in June, 1888; studied law, was admitted to the bar in September, 1890, and practiced in BIOGRAPHIES. 785 Scotland Neck; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Kitchin, William Hodges, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Lauderdale countys Ala., December 22, 1837; moved with his parents to North Carolina in 1841; attended Emory and Henry college in western Virginia; left college in April, 1861, to enlist in the Confederate army; made captain in 1863, and served through the war; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1869, and practiced in Scotland Neck, N. C.; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); died in Scotland Neck, N. C., February 2, 1901. Kitchin, William Walton, a Representative from North Carolina; born near Scotland Neck, N. C., October 9, 1866; was a student in Vine Hill academy, and was graduated from Wake Forest college in 1884; edited the Scotland Neck Democrat in 1885; studied law in Scotland Neck, and in the University of North Carolina in 1887, and was admitted to the bar in 1887; located in Roxboro, N. C., in 1888; chairman of the county executive committee in 1890; nominee of his Sirty for the state senate in 1892; elected as a emocrat to the Fifty-fifth, and to the five suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1909); governor of North Carolina in 1909-1913. Kittera, John Wilkes, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in East Earl township, Lan- caster county, fa., 1753; was graduated from Princeton college in 1776; studied law, was ad- mitted to the Philadelphia bar in December, 1782, and practiced in Lancaster, Pa.; elected as a Federalist to the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1801); appointed by President Jefferson United States attorney for the eastern district of Penn- sylvania, March 4, 1801; moved to Philadelphia, and served until his death in that city, June 8, 1801. Kittera, Thomas, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Lancaster, Pa., March 21, 1789; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, A. B., 1805, A. M., 1808; studied law, was admitted to the bar March 8, 1808, and began practice in Philadelphia; deputy attorney general of Pennsylvania 1817- 1818; deputy attorney general of Philadelphia 1824-1826; member of the select council and its president 1824-1826; elected to the Nineteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Joseph Hemphill, and served from Decem- ber 4, 1826, to March 3, 1827; died in Philadel- phia, June 16, 1839. Kitteridge, George Washington, a Repre- sentative from New Hampshire; born in Epping, N. H., January 31, 1805; received a liberal school- ing; attended the Harvard medical college in Cam- bridge, Mass., and began practice in New Market, N. H., in 1835; member of the state house of rep- resentatives three years, and speaker in 1852; elected to the Thirty-third Congress as an Anti- Nebraska Democrat; defeated as the Democratic candidate for reelection; died in New Market, N. H., March 6, 1881; interment in Forest Hill cemetery, near Boston, Mass. Kittredge, Alfred Beard, a Senator from South Dakota; born in Nelson, Cheshire county, 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 50 N. H., March 28, 1861; was graduated from Yale college in 1882, and from the law school in 1885; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Sioux Falls, S. Dak.; appointed as a Republican to the United States Senate July 11, 1901, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James H. Kyle; reelected in 1903, and served from July 11, 1901, to March 3, 1909; resumed the practice of law in Sioux Falls, S. Dak.; died in Hot Springs, Ark., May 4, 1911. Kleberg, Rudolph, a Representative from Texas; born in Austin county, Tex., June 26, 1847; completed preparatory studies; enlisted in Tom Green's brigade of cavalry in the Confederate army in the spring of 1864, and served until the close of the war; studied law in San Antonio, Tex., and was admitted to the bar in 1872; located in Cuero, Tex., and established the Cuero Star in 1873; elected county attorney in 1876; reelected in 1878, and practiced law; elected to the state senate in 1882; appointed United States attorney for the western district of Texas in 1885; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William H. Grain; reelected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty- seventh Congresses, and served from May 5, 1896, to March 3, 1903; appointed official reporter, court of criminal appeals February 24, 1905; a resident of Austin, Tex. Kleiner, John Jay, a Representative from Indiana; born in West Hanover, Pa., February 8, 1845; manufacturer and dealer in hard -wood lumber; enlisted in company G, eighty-sixth Ohio volunteer infantry from June 20, 1863, to Feb- ruary 10, 1864; resided in Woodworth, Ohio, 1864- 1867; moved to Eyansville, Ind., in 1867; member of the city council of Evansville, in 1873; mayor 1874-1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883- March 3, 1887); died in Takoma Park, Md., April 8, 1911. Klepper, Frank B., a Representative from Missouri; born in St. John, Putnam county, Mo., June 22, 1864; moved with his parents to Mirabile, Caldwell county, Mp., where he remained for ten years; moved to Clinton county, Mo., where he engaged in farming; attended the common schools, and Baker university, Baldwin City, Kans.; taught school two years; studied law, was gradu- ated from the law department of the Missouri state university, and commenced practice in Polo, Caldwell county, Mo.; elected prosecuting at- torney of Caldwell county in 1900, and reelected for term ending January 1, 1905; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907); resumed the practice of law in Kingston, Mo. Kligensmith, John, jr., a Representative from Pennsylvania; native of Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, and a resident of Stewartsville; sheriff of the county for one term; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); secretary of the land office of Pennsylvania 1839-1842. Kline, Marcus Charles Lawrence, a Repre- sentative from Pennsylvania; born in Salisbury township, Lehigh county, Pa., March 26, 1855; attended the common schools in the borough of Emaus, Pa., and was graduated from Muhlenberg college June 26, 1874; admitted to practice in the several courts of Lehigh county June 5, 1876; 786 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. elected city solicitor of Allen town, Pa., in April, 1877, district attorney for the county of Lehigh January, 1887-January, 1890; chairman of the Democratic county committee of Lehigh during the years 1895, 1896, 1897, 1898, and 1899; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1908; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907); died in Allentown, Lehigh county, Pa., March 10, 1911. Klotz, Robert, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Northampton (now Carbon) county, Pa., October 27, 1819; completed preparatory studies; elected first register and recorder of Carbon county in 1843 ; served in the war with Mexico in the second Pennsylvania volunteers as private, lieutenant, and adjutant 1846-1847; elected to the state house of representatives in 1848, and reelected in 1849; moved to Pawnee, Kans., in 1855; member of the Topeka constitutional convention, and served as the first secretary of state; brigadier gen- eral under the Robinson government; returned to Mauch Chunk, Pa.; elected treasurer of Carbon county in 1859; enlisted in the Union army in 1861; colonel of the nineteenth regiment at Chambers- burg, in 1862; trustee of the Lehigh university in Bethlehem; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879- March 3, 1883); died in Mauch Chunk, Pa., May 1, 1895. Kluttz, Theodore Franklin, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Salisbury, Rowan county, N. C., October 4, 1848; attended the com- mon schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Salisbury; presiding justice of the inferior court in 1884, and resigned; Demo- cratic elector in 1880 and 1896; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty- eighth Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1905); declined a renomination; resumed the practice of law in Salisbury, N. C. Knapp, Anthony L., a Representative from Illinois; born in Middletown, N. Y., June 14, 1828; moved with his parents to Illinois in 1839; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, and moved to Jersey ville in 1849, where he was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the state senate 1859-1861; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John A . McClernand ; reelected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and served from December 12, 1861, to March 3, 1865. Knapp, Charles, a Representative from New York; born in Colchester, Delaware county, N. Y., October 8, 1797; attended the common schools; member of the state legislature in 1841; moved to Deposit, Delaware county, N. Y., in 1848; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871). Knapp, Charles Junius, a Representative from New York; born in Pepacton, Delaware county, N. Y., June 30, 1845; was graduated from Hamilton college in 1866; engaged in the banking business in Deposit, N. Y. ; president of the board of education ; elected supervisor in 1885 and 1886; member of the state legislature in 1886 and 1888; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1891); moved to Binghamton, N. Y. Knapp, Charles Luman, a Representative from New York; born in Harrisburg, Lewis county, N. Y., July 4, 1847; attended Low ville academy, and was graduated from Rutgers college, New Jer- sey, in 1869; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Lowville in 1873; elected to the state senate 1886 and 1887; appointed by President Harrison consul general to Montreal in 1889, and served until September, 1893, when he returned to Lowville and resumed the practice of law; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Albert D. Shaw; reelected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses, arid served from December 2, 1901, to March 3, 1911; resumed the practice of law in Lowville, N. Y. Knapp, Chauncey Langdon, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Berlin, Vt., February 26, 1809; completed preparatory studies; learned the art of printing and engaged in newspaper work in Montpelier; coproprietor and editor of the State Journal for a number of years; elected secretary of state of Vermont 1836-1840; moved to Massachu- setts and located in Lowell; editor of the Lowell News, and other papers; secretary state senate in 1851; elected as an American to the Thirty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); reelected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); editor Lowell Daily Citizen 1859-1882; died in Lowell, Mass., May 31, 1898. Knapp, Robert M., a Representative from Illinois; born in New York City April 21, 1831; moved with parents to Jerseyville, 111., in 1840; attended the common schools, and the Kentucky military institute in Frankfort, Ky . ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1855, and began practice in Jerseyville; elected state legislator in 1867; mayor of Jerseyville 1871-1876; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1875); again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); died in Jerseyville, 111., June 24, 1889. Knickerbocker, Herman, a Representative from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., July 27, 1782; completed preparatory studies; studied law in Albany, was admitted to the bar in 1803, and commenced practice in Albany, N. Y.; moved to Schaghticoke, near Albany, and became known as "the Prince of Schaghticoke" on account of his hospitality and liberality; elected as a Federalist to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); served in the state legislature in 1816; judge of Rensselaer county; died in Williamsburg, N. Y., January 30, 1855. Knight, Jonathan, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Bucks county, Pa., Novem- ber 22, 1787; moved with his parents to East Beth- lehem in 1801; attended the common schools, and became a civil engineer; member of the state house of representatives 1822-1828; appointed chief engi- neer of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad company; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); became a farmer; died in East Bethlehem, Pa., November 22, 1858. Knight, Nehemiah, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Knightsville, Cranston, R. I., March 23, 1746; attended the common schools; engaged in agricultural pursuits; town clerk 1773- 1800; elected to the general assembly in 1783, and again in 1787; sheriff of Providence county several years; elected as an anti-Federalist to the Eighth, BIOGRAPHIES. 787 Ninth, and Tenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1803, until his death in Cranston, R. I., June 13, 1808. Knight, Nehemiah Rice, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Cranston, R. I., December 31, 1780; attended the common schools; member of the state house of representatives in 1802; moved to Providence and was clerk of the court of common pleas 1805-1811; clerk of the circuit court 1812- 1817, and collector of customs by appointment of President Madison during the same period; gov- ernor of Rhode Island May, 1817-January 9, 1821, as an anti-Federalist; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Burrill, jr., and was three times- the last time as a National Republican reelected, and served from January 9, 1821, to March 3, 1841; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1843; died in Providence, R. I., April 18, 1854. Knopf, Philip, a Representative from Illinois; born in Lake county, 111., November 18, 1847; enlisted in company I, one hundred and forty- seventh regiment Illinois volunteer infantry, and served until the regiment was mustered out in Savannah, Ga.; moved to Chicago in 1866, and attended Bryant & Stratton's college for one year; engaged in the teaming business until 1884, when he was appointed chief deputy coroner and served eight years; elected to the state senate in 1886, and was reelected in 1890; elected county clerk of Cook county in 1894, and reelected in 1898; a delegate in the Republican national convention in St. Louis in 1896; member of the state central committee; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1909); retired to his home in Chicago, 111. Knott, James Proctor, a Representative from Kentucky; born near Lebanon, Ky., August 29, 1830; studied law; moved to Memphis, Mo., in May, 1850, and was admitted to the bar in 1851; elected to the state house of representatives in Missouri in 1857 and resigned in August, 1859; appointed attorney general of Missouri in the same month; unanimously nominated for the same posi- tion by the Democratic convention and elected in August, 1860; returned to Kentucky and com- menced the practice of law in Lebanon in 1863; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth and Forty- first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); reelected to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty- sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1883); governor of Kentucky 1883- 1887 ; delegate to Kentucky constitutional conven- tion 1891; professor of civics and economics, Centre college, 1892-1894; dean of Central college law school 1894-1901; died in Lebanon, Ky., June 18, 1911. Knowland, Joseph Russell, a Representative from California; born in Alameda, Cal., August 5, 1873; attended in public and private schools and the University of the Pacific ; engaged in the whole- sale lumber and shipping business; director of the Alameda National bank, the Alameda bank of savings, and the Union Savings bank of Oakland; elected to the lower house of the California legisla- ture in 1898; reelected in 1900; elected to the state senate in 1902 and resigned in 1904; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Six- tieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Knowles, Freeman, a Representative from South Dakota; born in Harmony, Me., October 10, 1846; attended Bloomfield academy, Skowhegan, Me. ; enlisted in the sixteenth Maine regiment June 16, 1862; served three years and nineteen days in the army of the Potomac; captured at the battle of Reams Station August 18, 1864, and kept a prisoner in Libby, Belle Island, and Salisbury, N. C., until the war closed; moved to Denison, Iowa; admitted to the bar in April, 1869; moved to Nebraska and began the publication of the Ceresco Times; moved to the Black Hills in 1888 and began the publica- tion of the Meade County Times in Tilford ; moved to Deadwood and began the publication of the Evening Independent; elected as a Populist to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); resumed newspaper work in Deadwood, S. Dak., and died there June 1, 1910. Knowlton, Ebenezer, a Representative from Maine; born in Pittsfield, N. H., December 6, 1815; moved with parents to South Montville, Me., in 1825; completed preparatory studies; studied theology; member of the state house of represen- tatives 1844-1850, and served as speaker in 1846; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); died in South Montville, Me., September 10, 1874. Knox, James, a Representative from Illinois; born in Canajoharie, N. Y., July 4, 1807; was grad- uated from Yale college in 1830; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Utica, N. Y., in 1833; moved to Illinois in 1836, and founded the town of Knoxyille, became a farmer; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1847; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857); resumed the practice of law until his death in Knoxville, 111., October 8, 1876. Knox, Philander Chase, a Senator from Penn- sylvania; born in Brownsville, Pa., May 6, 1853; attended the University of West Virginia, and was graduated from Mount Union college, Alliance, Ohio, in 1872; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1875, and began practice in Pittsburgh, Pa.; assistant United States district attorney for the western district of Pennsylvania in 1876; elected president of the Pennsylvania bar association in 1897; appointed Attorney General of the United States in the cabinet of President McKinley April 5, 1901, and entered upon duties April 9, 1901; re- appointed by President Roosevelt December 16, 1901, and served until June 30, 1904, when he re- signed; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Matthew S. Quay; subsequently elected to fill the unexpired term, and for the full term in 1905, and served from June 10, 1904, until March 4, 1909, when he re- signed ; appointed Secretary of State by President Taft March 5, 1909. Knox, Samuel, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Blandford, Mass., March 21, 1815; attended the common schools; was graduated from Williams college in 1836, and from the law depart- ment of Harvard university in 1838; moved to St. Louis, Mo., 1838, and commenced practice; city counselor in 1845; elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); defeated for reelection; resumed the practice of law in St. Louis, Mo.; retired and returned to Blandford, Mass., where he died March 7, 1900. 788 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Knox,. William. Shadrach, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Killingly, Conn., Sep- tember 10, 1843; moved with parents to Lawrence, Mass., in 1852; was graduated from Amherst col- lege in 1865; admitted to the Essex county bar in November, 1866, and practiced in Lawrence; mem- ber of the Massachusetts house of representatives 1874-75; city solicitor of Lawrence in 1875, 1876, 1887-1890; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1903); re- sumed the practice of law in Lawrence, Mass. Koontz, William Henry, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Somerset, Pa., July 15, 1830; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Somer- set; district attorney for Somerset county 1853- 1856; delegate in the Republican national con- vention in 1860; prothonotary and clerk of the county court 1861-1863; successfully contested the election of Alexander H. Coffroth to the Thirty- ninth Congress, and was given the seat July 18, 1866; was reelected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress, and served from July 18, 1866, to March 3, 1869; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865- March 3, 1869); engaged in railroad enterprises; counsel for the Baltimore & Ohio railroad; died in Somerset county, Pa., July 4, 1911. Kopp, Arthur Wilhom, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Big Patch, Grant county, Wis., February 28, 1874; attended the common schools of Grant county, and was graduated from the state normal school in Platteville in 1895 ; taught school for three years; was graduated from the law depart- ment of the University of Wisconsin in 1900, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Platteville; alderman of the city; city attorney for two terms, and district attorney of Grant county for four years; elected as a Republican to the Sixty- first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Korbly, Charles Alexander, a Representative from Indiana; born in Madison, Ind., March 24, 1871; was a reporter and editor of the Madison Herald for three years; moved to Indianapolis and resumed the study of law; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Krebs, Jacob, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Orwigsburg, Pa., March 13, 1782; attended the public schools; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Henry Wilson, and served from December 4, 1826, to March 3, 1827; died in Orwigs- burg, Pa., September 26, 1847. Kremer, George, ,a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Dauphin county, Pa., in 1775; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Lewisburg, Pa.; elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1829); died in Union county, Pa., September 11, 1854. Kribbs, George Frederic, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Clarion county, Pa., November 8, 1846; attended the common schools, and the Clarion academy, and was graduated from Muhlenberg college, Allentown, Pa., in 1873; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1875, and practiced in Clarion, Pa.; edited the Clarion Demo- crat 1877-1889; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Clarion; moved to Osceola county, Fla., in 1896, and engaged in orange culture; located in Kissimmee, Fla., in 1907, and reengaged in the practice of law; prosecuting attorney of Osceola county in 1908; judge of the county court 1909- 1910; resumed practice in Kissimmee, Fla. Kronmiller, John, a Representative from Maryland; born in Baltimore, Md., December 6, 1858; attended private and public schools; mer- chant and manufacturer in Baltimore, Md.; served two years in the city council; elected as a Repub- lican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909- March 3, 1911); member of the board of visitors to the Baltimore city jail; many years a director of the Maryland General hospital; engaged in manufacturing, and a resident of Baltimore, Md. Kuhns, Joseph H., a Representative from Pennsylvania; native of Pennsylvania; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); defeated for the Thirty-third Congress. Kulp, Monroe Henry, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Barto, Berks county, Pa., October 23, 1858; attended the public schools of Shamokin, the state normal college, Lebanon, Ohio, and was graduated from Eastman business college, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; engaged in the lumber, brick, and ice business in Shamokin, Pa.; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); devoted himself to the lumber business, and to many interests with which he was connected; died in Shamokin, Pa., October 19, 1911. Kunkel, Jacob Michael, a Representative from Maryland; born in Frederick, Md., July 13, 1822; attended the Frederick academy for boys, and was graduated from the University of Vir- ginia in 1843; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Frederick in 1846; state senator 1850-1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); delegate to the loyalist con- vention in Philadelphia in 1866; died in Frederick, Md., April 9, 1870. Kunkel, John Christian, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Harrisburg, Pa., Sep- tember 18, 1816; was graduated from Jefferson college, Canonsburg, Pa., in 1839; studied law, was admitted to the Dauphin county bar, and began practice in Harrisburg; member of the state house of representatives 1844, 1845, and 1850; state sena- tor 1851-1853, and speaker of the senate 1852-1853; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); died in Harrisburg, Pa., October 14, 1870. Kurtz, William H., a Representative from Pennsylvania; native of York, Pa.; completed preparatory studies; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855). Kiistermann, Gustav, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Detmold, Germany, May 24, 1850; attended the academy of his native city (Gymnasium Leopoldinum), and was graduated in 1864; employed in a wholesale dry goods establish- ment in Hamburg, Germany, until 1868, when he BIOGRAPHIES. 789 came to the United States and settled in Green Bay, Wis.; engaged in mercantile business; held various public positions, and was postmaster of Green Bay 1892-1896; member of the state board of control; and its president 1904-1907; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911); engaged in literary work in Green Bay, Wis. Kuykendall, Andrew J. , a Representative from Illinois; born in Gallatin county, 111., March 3, 1815; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Vienna, 111.; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1842-1846; of the state senate 1850-1862; served one year in the Union army as major of the thirty-first Illinois volunteers; elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1868- March 3, 1867); resumed the practice of law in Vienna, 111. Kyle, James Henderson, a Senator from South Dakota; born near Xenia, Ohio, February 24, 1854; completed a course of civil engineering in the University of Illinois in 1871; was graduated from Oberlin college, Ohio, in 1878; prepared for admis- sion to the bar, but entered the Western theological seminary in Allegheny, Pa., and was graduated in 1882; pastor of Congregational churches in Echo and Salt Lake City, Utah, 1882-1885; moved to Ipswick, and Aberdeen, S. Dak.; elected to the state senate on the Independent ticket in 1890; elected in 1891 as an Independent to the United States Senate; reelected in 1897 and served from March 4, 1891, until his death; was chairman of the United States industrial commission 1898- 1902; died in Aberdeen, S. Dak., July 1, 1901. Kyle, John Curtis, a Representative from Mississippi; was born near Sardis, Miss., July 17, 1851; attended Bethel college, Tenn., and was graduated from the Cumberland university law school in 1874; was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Sardis; mayor of Sardis 1879-1881; elected to the state senate in 1881; member of the Mississippi railroad commission; chairman of the state Democratic executive committee in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second, Fifty- third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1897); resumed the practice of law in Sardis, and retired in 1912. Kyle, Thomas Barton, a Representative from Ohio; born in Troy, March 10, 1856; attended the public schools in Troy, Ohio, and Dartmouth col- lege; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1884, and practiced in Troy; elected prosecuting attorney of Miami county in 1890; president of the board of education of Troy; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905); resumed the prac- tice of law in Troy, Ohio. Labranche, Alcee, a Representative from Lou- isiana; native of New Orleans, La. ; charge 1 d'affaires to Texas March 7, 1837, to April 2, 1840, when he resigned; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845). Lacey, Edward Samuel, a Representative from Michigan; born in Chili, Monroe county, N. Y., November 26, 1835; moved to Branch county, Mich., in October, 1842, and to Eaton county in March, 1843; attended the public schools and OM- vet college; engaged in business pursuits, but more particularly in banking; a resident of Kalamazoo, Mich., 1853-1857; moved to Charlotte, Mich., and was register of deeds for Eaton county 1860-1864 mayor of Charlotte in 187 1 ; trustee of the Michigan asylum for the insane from 1874 to 1880; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885); chairman of the Republican state central committee 1882-1884; temporarily commissioned by President Harrison comptroller of the currency April 17, 1889; reappointed December 16, 1889, and served until 1892, when he resigned; moved to Chicago, 111., and reengaged in banking. Lacey, John Fletcher, a Representative from ' Iowa; born in New Martinsville, Va. (now West Virginia), May 30, 1841; moved to Iowa in 1855; attended the common schools and pursued classical studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar enlisted in company H, third Iowa infantry, in May, 1861, and afterwards served in company D thirty-third Iowa infantry, as sergeant major, and as lieutenant in company C of that regiment; pro- moted to assistant adjutant general on the staff of Brig. Gen. Samuel A. Rice, and after that officer was killed in battle was assigned to duty on the staff of Maj. Gen. Frederick Steele; member of the Iowa legislature in 1870; temporary chairman of the Iowa Republican convention of 1898; served in city council; one term as city solicitor of Oskaloosa; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); reelected to the Fifty-third, and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1909); resumed the prac- tice of law in Oskaloosa, Iowa. Lacock, Abner, a Representative and a Senator from Pennsylvania; born near Alexandria, Va., July 9, 1770; moved with parents to Washington county, Pa., in youth; removed to Beaver, then in Allegheny county, in 1796 ; appointed justice of the peace; first represntative from the newly formed county of Beaver in the state house of representa- tives in 1801; associate judge of the Beaver county court in 1803, but resigned after one year; again a member of the state house of representatives 1804- 1808; state senator 1808-1810; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1813, to March 3, 1819; ap- pointed a state commissioner to survey routes for canals and railways in Pennsylvania April 11, 1825, and superintended construction of the Pittsburgh- Johnstown canal; appointed to survey and con- struct the Pennsylvania and Ohio canal in 1836; died near Freedom, Pa., April 12, 1837. Ladd, George Washington, a Representative from Maine; born in Augusta, Me., September 28, 1818; completed preparatory studies; engaged in the drug business in Bangor, but later engaged in the lumber, commission, and the wholesale grocery business; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879- March 3, 1883); died in Bangor, Me., January 31. 1892. La Dow, George A., a Representative from Oregon; born in Cayuga county, N. Y., March 18, 1828; moved to McHenry county, 111.; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1850, and commenced practice in 1851 in Wisconsin; elected district attorney in 1860; moved to Minnesota in 1862; state representative in 1867 ; moved to Oregon in 1869; state representa- tive in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty- 790 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1875, until his death prior to the assembling of the Con- gress, May 8, 1875. Lafean, Daniel Franklin, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in York, York county, Pa., February?, 1861; attended the public schools; engaged in manufacturing and in banking in York; a director of the Gettysburg college and trustee of the Gettysburg seminary, Gettysburg, Pa. ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1911). Keelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Laffoon, Polk, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Hopkins county, Ky., October 24, 1844; attended the common schools; entered the Confederate army as a member of the eighth infan- try; captured at Fort Donelson February 16, 1862, and exchanged at Vicksburg in September, 1862; member of Morgan's command during the remain- der of the war; captured at Cheshire, Ohio, during the raid into that state, and confined in the Penn- sylvania penitentiary as a prisoner of war ; followed teaching for two years; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1867, and practiced in Madison ville, Ky.; elected attorney of Madison county; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); resumed the practice of law; died in Madison ville, Ky., October 22, 1906. Laflin, AddisonH., a Representative from New York; born in Lee, Mass., October 24, 1823; was graduated from Williams college in 1843; went to Herkimer county, N. Y., in 1849, and became in- terested in paper manufacturing; member of the state senate 1858-1859; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1871); delegate in the Republican state convention of 1867; ap- pointed by President Grant naval officer at the port of New York City April 3, 1871, and served until 1877, when he resigned; died in Pittsfield, Mass., September 24, 1878. La Follette, Robert Marion, a Representative and a Senator from Wisconsin; born in Primrose, Dane county, Wis., June 14, 1855; was graduated from the University of Wisconsin in June, 1879; was admitted to the bar in February, 1880, and en- gaged in practice in Madison, Wis.; district attor- ney of Dane county 1880-1884; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); defeated for reelection to the Fifty-second Congress; re- sumed the practice of law in Madison , Wis . ; delegate in the Republican national convention in St. Louis in 1896; delegate at large to the Republican na- tional convention held in Chicago in June, 1904; elected governor of Wisconsin in 1900; reelected in 1902, and again in November, 1904; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate for the term commencing March 4, 1905; qualified and took his seat January 4 , 1906 ; reelected for the term beginning March 4, 1911; delegate in the Republi- can national convention in Chicago in 1912. Lagan, Matthew Diamond, a Representative from Louisiana; born in County Derry, Ireland, June 20, 1829; attended the common schools; came to the United States and located in New Orleans, La., December 28, 1843; engaged in manufacturing and mercantile pursuits; elected to the common council of the city of New Orleans in 1867 ; member of the convention which framed a constitution for Louisiana in 1879; again elected to the common :ouncil in 1882, and president and acting mayor during the term; elected as a Democrat to the Fif- tieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); re- elected to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); died in New Orleans, La., April 8, 1901. Lahm, Samuel, a Representative from Ohio born in Leitersburg, Md., April 22, 1812; com- pleted preparatory studies; attended Washington college, Pennsylvania; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1836; located in Canton, Ohio; master of chancery 1837-1841; prosecuting attorney of Stark county 1841-1845; member of the state senate in 1842; delegate in the Democratic national convention in Baltimore in 1844 ; brigadier general in the militia; defeated as the Democratic candi- date to the Twenty-ninth Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847- March 3, 1849); devoted remainder of his life to farming and sheep raising; died in Canton, Ohio, June 16, 1876. Laidlaw, William Grant, a Representative from New York; born near Jedburgh, the county town of Roxburgshire, Scotland, January 1, 1840; came with parents to the United States in 1852, and located in Franklinville, Cattaraugus county, N. Y.; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1866, and commenced practice ; served two years in the United States navy during the Civil war; school commissioner of the first district of Cat- taraugus county 1867-1870; removed to Ellicotl- ville, N. Y., in 1870; assessor of internal revenue of the thirty-first collection district of New York 1871-1877; district attorney of Cattaraugus countv 1877-1883; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); resumed the practice of law; died in Elli- cottville, N. Y., August 19, 1908. Laird, James, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Fowlerville, Livingston county, N. Y., June 20, 1849; moved with parents when a child to Michigan; attended Adrian college and the University of Michigan; served with a Michigan regiment in the Civil war, and in the army of the Potomac 1862-1865; was graduated from the law school of Michigan university in 187 1 ; was admitted to the bar, and engaged in practice in Hastings, Nebr., in 1872; member of the Nebraska consti- tutional convention of 1875; Republican presi- dential elector in 1880; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1883, until his death in Hastings, Nebr., August 17, 1889. Lake, William A., a Representative from Mis- sissippi; native of Maryland; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Washington col- lege, Pennsylvania; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar; state representative; moved to Vicksburg, Miss.; member of the state senate; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-fifth Congress. Lamar, Henry G-raybill, a Representative from Georgia; born in Clinton, Jones county, Ga., July 10, 1798; pursued an academic course ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Macon, Ga. ; judge of the state superior BIOGEAPHIES. 791 court; member of the state legislature several terms; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George R. Gilmer, elected governor; reelected to the Twenty-second Congress, and served from December 7, 1829, to March 3, 1833; associate justice of the state supreme court; died in Macon, Ga., September 10, 1861. Lamar, Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus, a Rep- resentative and a Senator from Mississippi; born near Eatonton, Putnam county, Ga., September 1, 1825; moved to Oxford, Miss.; was graduated from Emory college, Ga., in 1845; studied law in Macon, and admitted to the bar in 1847; returned to Oxford, Miss., in 1849, and served one year as 6-ofesspr of mathematics in the University of ississippi; moved to Covington, Ga., in 1852, and practiced law; elected a state representative in 1853; returned to Lafayette county, Miss., in 1854; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1857, until his retirement in December, 1860, to become a member of the secession con- vention of Mississippi, January 9, 1861; served in the Confederate army as lieutenant colonel and colonel in the nineteenth Mississippi regiment; in 1863 entered the diplomatic service of the Con- federacy on a special mission to Russia, France, and England; in 1866 elected professor of political economy and social science in the University of Mississippi, and in 1867 professor of law; reelected to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses {March 4, 1873-Mrach 3, 1877); elected to the United States Senate; reelected, and served from March 4, 1877, to March 6, 1885, when he resigned; Secretary of the Interior in President Cleveland's cabinet from March 6, 1885, to January 10, 1888, when he resigned; appointed by President Cleve- land associate justice of the United States su- preme court December 6, 1887; confirmed Jan- uary 16, 1888, took his seat upon the bench two days later, and served until his death in Vineville, Ga., January 23, 1893. Lamar, James Robert, a Representative from Missouri; born in Edgar Springs, Phelps county, Mo., March 28, 1866; attended the common schools and Licking academy in Licking, Mo.; taught school in Phelps and Texas counties, and was principal of Licking academy in 1889; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Texas county in 1889; was elected prosecuting attorney of Texas county in 1890, and two years later was reelected; chairman of the Democratic congressional com- mittee of the thirteenth district of Missouri 1894- 1896; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket an 1896; engaged in the practice of law in Houston, Tex.; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905); reelected to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of law in Houston, Tex. Lamar, William Bailey, a Representative from Florida; born in Jefferson county, Fla., June 12, 1853; resided in Athens, Ga., from 1866 to 1873; attended Jefferson academy, Monticello, Fla., and the University of Georgia in Athens; removed to Florida in October, 1873; was graduated from the Lebanon law school, Lebanon, Tenn., in 1875, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Tupelo, Miss. ; admitted to practice law in the courts of Florida in 1876; elected clerk of the circuit court of Jefferson county, Fla., January, 1877, and served four years; county judge 1883- 1886; member of the state house of representatives in 1886 and chosen speaker, but declined; elected attorney general of Florida in 1888, and reelected in 1892, 1896, 1900; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1909); resumed the prac- tice of law in Monticello, Fla. Lamb, Alfred William, a Representative from Missouri; born in Stamford, N. Y., March 18, 1824; attended the public schools; moved with parents to Rails county, Mo., in 1836; attended Dr. Ely's school in Ely, Mo., and a law school; was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Hannibal, Mo. ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); declained a renomination ; died in Hannibal, Mo., April 29, 1888. Lamb, John, a Representative from Virginia; born in Sussex county, Va., June 12, 1840; at- tended a private school kept by his father; en- listed in the Confederate army in company D, third Virginia cavalry, and commanded his com- pany three years, and was wounded several times; engaged in business; served as sheriff, treasurer, and surveyor of Henrico county; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Lamb, John Edward, a Representative from Indiana; born in Terre Haute, Ind., December 26, 1852; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the Terre Haute high school; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1873, and commenced practice in Terre Haute; prosecuting attorney of the fourteenth judicial circuit; candi- date for presidential elector on the Democratic ticket; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1892, 1896, 1904, and 1908; a practicing attorney in Terre Haute, Ind. Lambert, John, a Representative and a Senator from New Jersey; born in Lambertville, N. J., February 24, 1746; pursued an academic course; member of the state house of representatives 1780-1785, and 1788; member of the council 1790- 1804; vice president of the council 1801-1804; acting governor 1802-1803; elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1809); elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1815; died near Lambertville, N. J., February 4, 1823. Lamison, Charles N., a Representative from Ohio; born in Columbia county, Pa., in 1826; privately instructed in elementary branches; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and engaged in practice in Wooster, Wayne county, Ohio; prosecuting attorney of Allen county for, five years; enlisted in the Union army; resumed the practice of law in Lima, Ohio; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); died in Lima, Ohio, April 24, 1896. Lamport, William Henry, a Representative from New York; born in Brunswick, N. Y., May 27, 1811; moved with parents to Gorham, Ontario county, in 1826; attended the public schools and engaged in farming; supervisor of Gorham 1848- 1849; elected sheriff of Ontario county in 1849 and 792 CONGEESSIONAL DIRECTORY. served from 1850 to 1853; elected state assembly- man in 1854 ; moved to Canandaigua in 1864 ; presi- dent of the village of Canandaigua 1866-1867; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); died in Canandaigua, N. Y., July 21, 1891. Lancaster, Columbia, a Delegate from Wash- ington territory; held several local offices; elected to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Landers, Franklin, a Representative from Indiana; born in Morgan county, Ind., March 22, 1825; attended the common schools; engaged in farming and in 1850 entered the dry goods trade; moved to Indianapolis in 1865; entered the pork- packing business in 1873; member of the state senate 1860-1864; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); died in Indianapolis, Ind., September 12, 1901. Landers, George Marcellus, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Lenox, Mass., February 22, 1813; attended the public schools; moved to Hartford county, Conn., in 1829; engaged in the manufacture of hardware; member of the state house of representatives in 1851, 1867, and 1874; served in the state senate in 1853, 1869, and 1873; state bank commissioner in 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in New Britain, Conn., March 27, 1895. Landes, Silas Zephaniah, a Representative from Illinois; born in Augusta county, Va., May 15, 1842; studied law and was licensed to practice by the supreme court of Illinois in August, 1863, and commenced practice in Mount Carmel, 111. ; elected state attorney for Wabash county in 1872, 1876, and 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); elected circuit judge of the fourth judicial circuit ol Illinois June 1, 1891, and served six years; died in Mount Carmel, 111., May 23, 1910. Landis, Charles Beary, a Representative from Indiana; born in Millville, Butler county, Ohio, July 9, 1858; attended the public schools of Logans- port, Ind., and was graduated from Wabash college, Crawfordsville, Ind., in 1883; editor of the Logans- port Journal 1883-1887, and at the time of his nomi- nation for Congress was the editor of the Delphi (Ind.) Journal; in 1894 elected president of the Indiana Republican editorial association and re- elected in 1895; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1909); resumed newspaper work in Delphi, Ind. Landis, Frederick, a Representative from Indiana; born in Sevenmile, Butler county, Ohio, August 18, 1872; moved with his parents to Logans- port, Ind., in 1875; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1893; elected to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907); resumed the practice of law in Logansport, Ind. Landrum, John M., 'a Representative from Louisiana; born in Edgefield district, S. C., July 3, 1815; pursued classical studies, and was gradu- ated from South Carolina college in 1842; taught school; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Shreveport, La.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861). Landry, Joseph Aristide, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Ascension parish, La., July 10, 1817; attended school in Cape Girardeau, Miss.; member of Louisiana house of representa- tives in 1852, with residence in Donaldson ville; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); died in Donaldson- ville, La., January 31, 1881. Landy, James, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., October 13, 1813; attended the public schools; studied law, but entered mercantile pursuits; school commissioner; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); defeated for the Thirty-sixth Congress. Lane, Amos, a Representative from Indiana; born near Aurora, N. Y., March 1, 1778; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Lawrenceburg, Ind.; speaker of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); defeated for the Twenty-fifth Congress; died in Lawrenceburg, Ind., September 2, 1849. Lane, Edward, a Representative from Illinois; born in Cleveland, Ohio, March 27, 1842; moved to Illinois in May, 1858; pursued an academic course; taught school; studied law, and was ad- mitted to practice by the supreme court of the state of Illinois in February, 1865, and practiced in Hillsboro, 111.; elected judge in November, 1869, and served one term ; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Hillsboro, 111. Lane, Henry Smith, a Representative and a Senator from Indiana; born in Montgomery county, Ky., February 24, 1811; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1833, and began practice in Crawfordsville, Ind., in 1835; served in the state senate in 1837; elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Tilghman A. Howard; re- elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, and served from December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1843; served in the Mexican war as lieutenant colonel of volun- teers; permanent chairman of the first Republican national convention in Philadelphia, Pa., June 17, 1856; elected governor of Indiana in 1860; was inaugurated January 14, 1861, and served four or five days and resigned ; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1867; delegate in the Republican national conven- tions in Chicago in 1868, Philadelphia, 1872; died in Crawfordsville, Ind., June ]8, 1881. Lane, James Henry, a Representative from Indiana, and a Senator from Kansas; born in Law- renceburg, Ind., June 22, 1814; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1840, and began practice in Lawrenceburg; member of the city council; served in the Mexican war; colonel of the third Indiana volunteers June 25, 1846; mustered out June 24, 1847; recommissioned colonel of the fifth Indiana infantry October 22, 1847; mustered out July 28, 1848; appointed briga- dier general of volunteers for service in the Civil war December 18, 1861, and appointment was can- celed March 21, 1862; lieutenant governor 1849; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress BIOGEAPHIES. 793 (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); moved to Kansas territory in 1855; member of the Topeka constitu- tional convention; elected to the United States Senate by the legislature that convened under the Topeka constitution in 1856, but the election was not recognized by United States Senate; president of the Leavenworth constitutional convention of 1857 ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1861, and reelected in 1865, and served until his death, near Fort Leavenworth, Kans., July 11, 1866. Lane, Joseph, a Delegate and a Senator from Oregon; born in Buncombe county, N. C., Decem- ber 14, 1801; moved with parents to Henderson, Ky., in 1810; attended the common schools; moved to Vanderburg county, Ind., in 1821; served in both branches of the state legislature 1822-1846; served in the Mexican war; colonel second Indiana volunteers June 25, 1846; brigadier general of vol- unteers July 1, 1846; brevet major general October 9, 1847, "for gallant and meritorious conduct in battle of Huamantla, Mexico"; honorably dis- charged July 20, 1848; appointed by President Polk governor of Oregon territory December 12, 1848, and served from March, 1849, to 1850; elected elected as a Democrat a Delegate to the Thirty- second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1859); again appointed, and by President Pierce, governor of Oregon territory March 15, 1853; elected to the United States Senate, and served from February 14, 1859, to March 3, 1861; nominated for Vice President on the Breckinridge Democratic ticket in 1860; died in Roseburg, Oreg., April 19, 1881. Lane, Joseph Heed, a Representative from Iowa; born in Davenport, Iowa, May 6, 1858; at- tended the common schools and Knox college, Galesburg, 111.; studied law in the State university of Iowa, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Davenport; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); re- sumed the practice of law in Davenport, Iowa. Lane, Lafayette, a Representative from Ore- gon; born in Vanderburg county, Ind., November 12, 1842; attended school in Washington, D. C., and in Stamford, Conn. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Roseburg, Oreg. ; mem- ber of the state legislature in 1864; code commis- sioner in 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of George A. La Dow, and served from De- cember 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; defeated for the Forty-fifth Congress; died in Roseburg, Oreg., November 23, 1896. Langdon, Chauncey, a Representative from Vermont; born in Farmingtqn, Conn., Novembers, 1763; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale in 1787; several years state representa- tive and state councilor; elected as a Federalist to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); died in Castleton, Conn., July 23, 1830. Langdon, John, a Delegate and a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Portsmouth, N. H., June 25, 1741; attended the school of Maj.Hale in Ports- mouth; engaged in mercantile pursuits; prominent in ante-Revolutionary affairs and during the war; a representative in the general court ; elected to the Continental Congress 1775-1776; resigned in 1776 to become navy agent, and superintended the con- struction of several ships of war; served several terms as speaker of the state house of representa- tives, and during the session of 1777 staked his fortune to equip Gen. John Stark' s brigade; par- ticipated in the battle of Bennington, and com- manded a company at Saratoga and in Rhode Island; again a Delegate in the Continental Con- gress in 1783; president of New Hampshire in 1785; delegate to the federal constitutional convention in 1787; govern or in 1788, 1805, 1809, and 1810-1811; elected as a Democrat to the United States-Senate, and served from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1801; elected the first President of the Senate pro tern- pore April 6, 1789; declined the offer of Secretary of the Navy in 1811, and the Democratic nomina- tion for Vice President in 1812; died in Portsmouth, N. H., September 18, 1819. Langdon, Woodbury, a Delegate from New Hampshire; born in Portsmouth, N. H., in 1739; attended the public schools; engaged in mercantile Sursuits; prominent in pre-Revolutionary affairs; elegate to the Continental Congress 1779-1780; executive councilor 1781-1784; judge of the state superior court in 1782, and 1786-1790; died in Ports- mouth, N. H., January 13, 1805. Langham, Jonathan Nicholas, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Indiana county, Pa., August 4, 1861; attended the common schools, and later taught school; was graduated from the state normal school of Indiana in 1882 ; studied law, was admitted to the Indiana county bar in Decem- ber, 1888, and practiced in Indiana, Pa. ; appointed postmaster of Indiana, Pa.; by President Harrison; served six years as assistant United States attorney for the western district of Pennsylvania; served as chief clerk and corporation deputy in the auditor general's department of Pennsylvania; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Langley, John Wesley, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Floyd county, Ky.; attended the common schools and taught for three years; attended the law departments of the National, Georgetown, and Columbian (now George Washing- ton) universities for an aggregate period of eight years; clerk in the pension office, and a member of the board of pension appeals; disbursing and ap- pointment clerk of the census office; served two terms in the Kentucky legislature, and caucus nominee of his party (the minority) for speaker of the house; was twice a delegate from Kentucky to Republican national conventions; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Langston, John Mercer, a Representative from Virginia; born in Louisa, Louisa county, Va., December 14, 1829; attended common schools in Ohio; was graduated from Oberlin college in 1849, and from the theological department in 1852; studied law in Elyria, Ohio, was admitted to the bar in 1855, and practiced in Ohio 1855-1867; ap- pointed inspector general of the bureau of freed- men, refugees, and abandoned lands in 1868; moved to Washington, D. C., and practiced law; dean of the law department of Howard university; appointed and commissioned by President Grant a member of the board of health of the District of Columbia in 1871; appointed by President Hayes minister resident and consul general to Haiti, and charge^ d'affaires to Santo Domingo; elected vice president and acting president of Howard univer- sity in 1872; elected president of the Virginia nor- 794 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. mal and collegiate institute in 1885; took active part in recruiting colored troops during the Civil war, especially the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth Massa- chusetts and fifth Ohio (colored) regiments; filled several township offices in Ohio; twice elected a member of the council of Oberlin, and member of the board of education for twelve years; presented credentials as a Member-elect from Virginia to the Fifty-first Congress, and was seated after contesting the election of Edward C. Venable, September 23, 1890; served until March 3, 1891; declined to make a contest in the Fifty-second Congress, for which he was the Republican candidate, and declined a re- nomination to the Fifty-third Congress; died in Washington, D. C., November 15, 1897. Langworthy, Edward, a Delegate from Geor- gia; born in Savannah, Ga., about 1745; attended school kept in connection with the Bethesda orphan house of which he was an inmate, and later became an instructor in the institution; assisted in organ- izing the Georgia council of safety, and became secretary of the council December 11, 1775; a Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1777-1779; signer of the articles of confederation; moved to Elks- town, Md., and died there about 1800, while en- gaged in writing a history of the state of Georgia. Lanham, Samuel Willis Tucker, a Represent- ative from Texas; born in Spartanburg district, S. C., July 4, 1846; attended the common schools; entered the Confederate army when a boy; moved to Texas in 1866; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1869, and engaged in practice in Weatherford, Tex.; district attorney 1871-1876; Democratic elector in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty- second Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1893); reelected to the Fifty-fifth, Ffty-sixth, and Fifty- seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1897, until his resignation, January 15, 1903; governor of Texas 1903-1907; died in Weatherford, Tex., July 29, 1908. Laning, Jay Ford, a Representative from Ohio; born in New London, Ohio, May 15, 1853; attended the Savannah academy and Baldwin university, Berea, Ohio; studied law, was admitted to the bar in May, 1875, and began practice in New London; held several minor elective offices; moved to Nor- walk, Ohio, in January, 1882, and was a member of the city council 1884-1886; elected to the Ohio state senate in 1893 and reelected in 1895 ; practiced law until 1885, and then engaged in the publishing business; delegate in the Republican national con- vention in Chicago in 1904; elected as a Republi- can to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); resumed the publishing business in Nor- walk, Ohio. Lanman, James, a Senator from Connecticut; born in Norwich, Conn., June 13, 1769; pursued classical studies; was graduated from Yale college in 1788; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1791, and commenced practice in Norwich; state attorney for New London county 1814-1819; state representative in 1817, and state senator in 1819 and 1832; delegate in the state constitutional conven- tion of 1818; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1819, to March 3, 1825; presented credentials as a Senator by appointment, to fill vacancy in term beginning March 4,1825, but the Senate would not permit him to qualify; judge of the state superior and supreme courts 1826-1829; mayor of Norwich 1831-1834; died in Norwich, Conn., August 7, 1841. Lanning, William Mershon, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Ewingville, Mercer county, N. J., January 1, 1849; was graduated from the Lawrenceville school in 1866; employed as a teacher in the public schools of Mercer county, and in the Trenton academy 1866-1880; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1880; counselor in 1883; elected city solicitor for Trenton in 1884; in 1887 appointed judge of the city district court, and served until 1891, when legislated out of office; member of a commission to frame township laws, and of the constitutional commission of 1894; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1903, to June 6, 1904, when he resigned; appointed United Statea district judge, district of New Jeresy. Lansing, Frederick, a Representative from New York; born in Manheim, Herkimer county, N. Y., February 16, 1838; attended the Little Falls academy, New York; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1859, and practiced in Watertown, N. Y.; served during the Civil war in the eighth New York cavalry; acting adjutant of that regiment from June 23 to October 11, 1863; wounded in the battle of Bristoe Station, Va., in 1863, and the next year was discharged on account of wounds; elected state senator in 1881 and 1883; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); died in Watertown, N. Y., January 31, 1894. Lansing, Gerrit Yates, a Representative from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., August 4, 1783; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Union college in 1800; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1804, and began practice in Albany; clerk of the state assembly in 1807; judge of the court of probates 1816-1823; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1831- March 3, 1837); elected regent of the University of the State of New York March 31, 1829; chan- cellor of the board of regents October 31, 1842; died in Albany, N. Y., January 3, 1862. Lansing, John, jr., a Delegate from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., January 30, 1754; studied law in Albany and in New York City, and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1775; secretary to Gen. Schuy- ler 1776-1777; engaged in the practice of law in Albany in 1778; member of the state assembly 1780-1786, and its speaker in 1786; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1784-1785, and in the Federal constitutional convention of 1787; withdrew from the latter July 10, 1787, on the ground his creden- tials gave him no power to assist in the framing of a Federal constitution, but only to amend the articles of confederation; delegate in the state convention of June, 1788, to ratify the Federal constitution; again a member and speaker of the state assembly in 1789; member of the commission to settle the New York- Vermont boundary line in 1790; justice of the supreme court of New York 1790-1798, and chief justice 1798-1801; chancellor 1801-1814 ; com- missioner to determine the claims of the city and county of New York to certain lands in Vermont in 1817; regent of the University of the State of New York 1817-1829; unanimously nominated by the Anti-Federalists for governor of New York in 1804, but declined; presidential elector in 1824; mysteriously disappeared after leaving his hotel to post a letter at one of the docks in New York City, December 12, 1829. Lansing, William Esseltyne, a Representative from New York; born in Perry ville, N. Y., Decem- BIOGRAPHIES. 795 ber 21, 1822; was graduated from Cazeiiovia semi- nary in 1841; studied law in Utica, N. Y., was ad- mitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice in Chittenango in 1845; district attorney of Madi- son county 1851-1854, county clerk 1856-1858; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863), and to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); resumed the practice of law in Syracuse, N. Y., in 1876, and died there July 29, 1882. Lapham, Elbridge Gerry, a Representative and a Senator from New York; born in Farming- ton, N. Y., October 18, 1814; attended public schools and the Canandaigua academy; studied civil engineering; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1844, and practiced in Canandaigua, N. Y.; member of the constitutional convention of New York in 1867; elected as a Republican to the Forty- fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1875-yMarch 3, 1883); elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Roscoe Conk- ling, and served from July 22, 1881, to March 3, 1885; resumed the practice of law in Canandaigua, N. Y.; died in "Glen Gerry," Canandaigua Lake, N. Y., January 8, 1890. Lapham, Oscar, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Burrillville, R. I., June 29, 1837; attended the seminary in Scituate, the academy in Pembroke, N. H., the University grammar school, Providence, and was graduated from Brown university in 1864; member of board of trustees and of the advisory and executive com- mittee of that university; admitted to the bar in Providence in May, 1867, and practiced; served in the Civil war as first lieutenant, adjutant, and captain in the twelfth Rhode Island volunteers; aid de camp on brigade staff; served in army of the Potomac and the department of the Ohio in Kentucky; captain of University cadets of Brown university and colonel of United Train of Artillery, an ancient military organization, under special charter; represented city of Providence in state senate 1887-1888; member and treasurer Demo- cratic state central committee 1887-1891; Demo- cratic candidate for Congress in 1882, 1886, and 1888, and defeated each time; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); resumed the prac- tice of law in Providence, R. I. Laporte, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Asylum township, Bradford county, Pa., November 4, 1798; member of the state general assembly 1828-1831, and speaker of the house of representatives 1831-1832; elected to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); associate judge of Bradford county 1840-1845; surveyor general of Pennsylvania 1845-1851; engaged in banking busi- ness in Towanda, Pa., 1850-1862; died in Towanda, Pa., August 22, 1862. Larned, Simon, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Thompson, Conn., August 13, 1753; attended the common schools; for several years sheriff of Berkshire county; served in the Revolution as a captain in the third Massachusetts regiment; settled as a merchant in Pittsfield, Mass., in 1784; a representative in the general court in 1791; county treasurer; served in the war of 1812 as colonel of the ninth United States infantry, and was engaged at Plattsburg and along the Mohawk river; elected to the Eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomp- son J. Skinner, and served from November 5, 1804, to March 3, 1805; died in Pittsfield, Mass., November 16, 1817. Larrabee, Charles Hathaway, a Represent- ative from Wisconsin; born in Rome, N. Y., November 9, 1820; moved with parents to Ohio; attended Granville college, studied engineering and law, was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice in Pontotoc, Miss.; moved to Chicago, 111., in 1844- city attorney 1846-1847; moved to Horicon, Wis. Ter., in 1847; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1847; judge of the third judicial circuit and of the state supreme court 1848-1858; resigned; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); defeated for the Thirty- seventh Congress; served in the Union army April 17, 1861, to his resignation, September, 1863, and was promoted from lieutenant to colonel; moved to California in 1864, and practiced law there, in Salem, Oreg., and Seattle, Wash., and finally in San Bernardino, Gal.; died in Los Angeles, Gal., January 20, 1883. Larrinaga, Tulip, Resident Commissioner from Porto Rico; born in Trujillo Alto, Porto Rico, January 15, 1847; attended the Seminario Con- silar of San Ildefonso, at San Juan; studied civil engineering in the Polytechnic institute of Troy, N. Y., and the University of Philadelphia, where he graduated in 1871; practiced for some time in the states, taking part in the topographical map of Kings county (Brooklyn) and in the technical department of Badger & Co. in the construction of the grand central depot in New York City; returned to Porto Rico in 1872 and was appointed architect for the city of San Juan; built the first railroad in Porto Rico in 1880, and introduced American rolling stock in the island; was for ten years chief engineer of the provincial works; in 1898 was appointed assistant secretary of the interior under the autonomic government, and in 1900 was sent by his party as a Delegate to Wash- ington; in 1902 was elected member of the house of delegates for the district of Arecibo, and in 1904 Resident Commissioner to Washington in the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); resumed civil engineering in San Juan, P. R. La Sere, Emile, a Representative from Louisi- ana; native of that state; born in 1802; completed preparatory studies; located in New Orleans; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Slidell; reelected to the Thirtieth and Thirty- first Congresses, and served from January 29, 1846, to March 3, 1851; died August 14, 1882. Lash, Israel George, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Bethania, N. C., August 18, 1810; became a merchant, manufacturer, and a banker in Salem, N. C., in 1847; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); died in Salem, N. C., April 1, 1878. Lassiter, Francis Hives, a Representative from Virginia; born in Petersburg, Va., February 18, 1866; was graduated from several academic schools, and attended the University of Virginia 1883-1884; studied law, was admitted to the Suffolk bar, Boston, Mass., 1887, and to the Vir- 796 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. ginia bar in 1888, and continued to practice in Petersburg, Va.; member of the Virginia Demo- cratic state central committee; elected city at- torney of Petersburg in 1888, 1890, and 1892; presidential elector 1892; appointed United States attorney for the eastern district of Virginia in 1893, and resigned in 1896; appointed supervisor for the twelfth census for the fourth district of Virginia in 1899; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Sydney P. Eppes; reelected to the Fifty-seventh Congress, and served from April 28, 1900, to March 3, 1903; again elected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1907, until his death in Petersburg, Va., October 31, 1909. Latham, George Robert, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Prince William county, Va., March 9, 1832; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1859, and commenced practice in Grafton, W. Va.; served in the Union army as captain of volunteers; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); United States consul at Melbourne, Australia, 1867-1870; school superintendent of Upshur county, W. Va., Sep- tember 1, 1875, to August 31, 1877; a resident of Buckhannon, W. Va., and retired. Latham, Louis Charles, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Plymouth, N. C., Septem- ber 11, 1840; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1859, and then attended Harvard law school; was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Greenville, N. C.; entered the Confederate army in 1861, and made captain, and afterwards major, of the first North State troops; elected to the state house of commons in 1864, and to the state senate in 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); reelected to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); resumed the practice of law in Greenville, N. C.; died in the Johns Hop- kins university hospital, Baltimore, Md., October 16, 1895. Latham, Milton Slocum, a Representative and a Senator from California; born in Columbus, Ohio, May 23, 1827; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Jefferson college, Pennsyl- vania, in 1845; moved to Russell county, Ala.; taught school and studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and appointed circuit court clerk for Russell county; moved to San Francisco, Cal., in 1849; clerk of the recorder's court in 1850; dis- trict attorney for the Sacramento district in 1851; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); declined a renomination; collector of the port of San Fran- cisco 1855-1857; elected governor in 1859; inaugu- rated in January, 1860, and resigned three days later; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of David C. Brod- erick, and served from January 11, 1860, to March 3, 1863; engaged in the practice of law in San Francisco, Cal.; president of the bank of California; died in New York City March 4, 1882. Lathrop, Samuel, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in West Springfield, Hampden county, Mass., May 1, 1772; pursued classical studies and was graduated from -Yale college in 1792; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in West Springfield; elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1827); state senator for ten years and president of the state senate 1829-1830; died in West Spring- field, Mass., July 11, 1846. Lathrop, William, a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Genesee county, N. Y., April 17, 1825; attended the public schools; moved to Illi- nois; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1851, and commenced practice in Rockford, 111.; state representative in 1856; elected as a Republi- can to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877- March 3, 1879); died November 18, 1907. Latimer, Asbury Churchill, a Representative and a Senator from South Carolina; born near Lowndesville, Abbeville county, S. C., July 31, 1851; engaged in agricultural pursuits; attended the common schools; took an active part in the memorable campaign of 1876; removed to Belton, Anderson county, S. C., in 1880; devoted himself to farming; county chairman of the Democratic party 1890-1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1903) ; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1903, until his death in Washington, D. C., February 20, 1908. Latimer, Henry, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Delaware; born in Newport, Del., April 24, 1752; pursued classical studies; studied medi- cine in Philadelphia, Pa., was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1773, and from the Edinburgh (Scotland) medical college, in 1775; re- turned to the United States and practiced in Wilmington, Del. ; served as a surgeon in the Revo- lutionary war, attached to the "flying squadron;" member of the state house of representatives; suc- cessfully contested the election of John Patton, to the Third Congress, and served from February 14, 1794, until February 7, 1795, when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George Read ; reelected and served from February 7, 1795, until 1801, when he resigned; died in Philadelphia, Pa., December 19, 1819. Latta, James P., a Representative from Ne- braska; born near Ashland, Ohio, October 31, 1844; moved with parents to a farm in eastern Iowa in 1846; attended district schools, and engaged in farming; moved to the territory of Nebraska, and engaged in farming and stock-raising in Burt county; president of the first National bank of Tekamah, Nebr.; member of the state house of representatives in 1887, and of the state senate in 1909; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Con- fress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911.) Reelected to the ixty-second Congress. (Died near Tekamah, Nebr., September 11, 1911.) Lattimore, William, a Delegate from Missis- sippi Territory; bom in Norfolk, Va., February 9, 1774; attended the common schools; studied medi- cine; moved to Mississippi; elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, and served from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1807; reelected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817) ; delegate in the first state constitutional con- vention of Mississippi in 1817; appointed a censor of the medical profession under the constitution and code; one of the commissioners to select the site for the seat of the new state government; died in Amite county, Miss., April 3, 1843. BIOGRAPHIES. 797 Laurance, John, a Delegate, a Representative, and a Senator from New York; born in Cornwall, England, in 1750; came to New York City in 1767; pursued academic studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1772, and practiced in New York City; served in the Revolution as a commis- sioned officer in the first New York regiment, and became aid-de-camp to Gen. Washington in October, 1777; presided as judge advocate general at the trial of Major John Andre"; regent of the University of the State of New York, November 26, 1784; trustee of Columbia college 1784-1810; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1785-1787; state senator in 1789; elected to the First and Sec- ond Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1793); ap- pointed by President Washington United States judge of the district of New York May 5, 1794, and served until November 8, 1796, when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Rufus King, and served from November 9, 1796, to August, 1800, when he resigned; was elected President of the Senate pro tempore December 6, 1798; died in New York City November 11, 1810. Laurens, Henry, a Delegate from South Caro- lina; born in Charleston, S. C., in 1724; studied in England; upon returning entered the mercantile business; served as a major against the Cherokee Indians 1757-1761; president of the council of safety in 1774; member of the first provincial con- gress in 1775; vice president of South Carolina in 1776; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1777- 1780; president of the Congress 1777-1778; elected minister to Holland by the Continental Congress October 21, 1779; captured on the voyage and held a prisoner in the Tower of London for fifteen months; was exchanged for Lord Cornwallisin 1781; appointed one of the peace commissioners and signed the preliminary treaty of Paris November 30, 1782; returned to farming in South Carolina, and died in Charleston, S. C., December 8, 1792. Law, Charles Blakeslee, a Representative from New York; born in Hannibal, N. Y., February 5, 1872; was graduated from Colgate academy, Ham- ilton, N. Y., in 1891, and from Amherst college, Amherst, Mass., in 1895; studied law in Rome, N. Y., and in Cornell law school; was admitted to the bar in Rochester, N. Y., November, 1897; moved to Brooklyn and commenced practice ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in the borough of Brooklyn, New' York City; elected sheriff of Kings county. Law, John, a Representative from Indiana; born in New London, Conn., October 28, 1796; pur- sued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale college in 1814; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice in Vincennes, Ind. ; member of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1823; prosecuting attorney and judge of the local circuit several years; land-office receiver 1838-1842; judge of the court of land claims 1855-1857; moved to Evansville, Ind.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1865); died in Evansville, Ind., October 7, 1873. Law, Lyman, a Representative from Connecti- cut; born in New London, Conn., August 19, 1770; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale collge in 1791; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1793 and practiced in New London; speaker of the state house of representatives; elected as a Federalist to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1817); died in New London, Conn., Februarv 3, 1842. Law, Richard, a Delegate from Connecticut; born in Milford, Conn., March 17, 1733; pursued classical studies; was graduated from Yale college in 1751; studied law, was admitted to the bar in New Haven, Conn., in 1754, and practiced in Mil- ford 1754-1757, and thereafter in New London; chief judge of the county court and of the superior court in 1784; member of the governor's council 1776-1786; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1778 and 1783-1784; mayor of New London 1784- 1806; judge of the supreme court of Connecticut 1784-1789, and was appointed chief justice of the superior court in May, 1786; appointed by Presi- dent Washington United States district judge for Connecticut September 24, 1789, and served until his death, in New London, Conn., January 26, 1806. Lawler, Frank, a Representative from Illinois; born in Rochester, N. Y., June 25, 1842; attended public schools; learned the trade of shipbuilder; employed in the Chicago post office 1869-1877; member of the city council 1876-1885; in business as a liquor merchant in 1878; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); died in Chicago, 111., January 17, 1896. Lawler, Joab, a Representative from Alabama; born in Monroe county, N. C., June 12, 1796; moved with his father to Tennessee, and then to Missis- sippi territory in 1815; attended the public schools; studied theology, and was licensed to preach; moved to Mardisville, Ala., in 1820; state repre- sentative 1826-1831, and state senator 1831-1832; receiver of public moneys for the Coosa land dis- trict 1832-1835; treasurer of the University of Alabama 1833-1836; elected as a Whig to the Twen- ty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1834, until his death in Washing- ton, D. C., May 8, 1838. Lawrence, Abbott, a Representative from Massachusetts; bom in Groton, Mass., December 16, 1792; attended Groton academy; became a merchant and importer in Boston; member of the Boston common council in 1831 ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1837); reelected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1839, to Sep- tember 18, 1840, when he resigned; northeast boundary commissioner in 1842; delegate in the Whig national convention in Baltimore in May, 1844; declined the offer of cabinet position ten- dered by President Taylor; temporarily appointed by President Taylor United States minister to Great Britain August 20, 1849; reappointed January 4, 1850, confirmed June 24, 1850, and served to October, 1852, when he resigned and resumed business in Boston; founded the Lawrence scien- tific school in Cambridge, Mass.; died in Boston, Mass., August 18, 1855. Lawrence, Cornelius Van Wyck, a Represen- tative from New York; born in Flushing, N. Y., February 28, 1791; attended the common schools; moved to New York City in 1812, and engaged in mercantile business; elected as a Jackson Demo- crat to the Twenty-third Congress, and served from March 4, 1833, to May, 1834, when he resigned; mayor of New York City 1834-1836; presidential 798 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. elector on the Democratic ticket in 1836; collector of the port of New York City 1837-1839; director in several banks and trust companies; collector of customs in New York City 1845-1849; died in Flushing, N. Y., February 20, 1851. Lawrence, Effingham, a Representative from Louisiana; successfully contested the seat of Jay Hale Sypher in the Forty-third Congress and was seated March 3, 1875, the last day of the session; died in 1878. Lawrence George Pelton, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Adams, Mass., May 19, 1859; was graduated from Drury academy in 1876, and from Amherst college in 1880; studied law in the Columbia law school; was admitted to the bar in 1883, and practiced in North Adams; appointed judge of the district court of northern Berkshire in 1885; resigned in 1894 upon being elected to the Massachusetts senate ; member of the Massachusetts senate 1895-1897, and served as president of that body 1896-1897; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-sec'ond Congress. Lawrence, George Van Eman, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Washington county, Pa., November 13, 1818; attended the common schools and Washington college; elected to the state house of representatives in 1844 and 1847, and to the senate in 1848; reelected to the house of representatives in 1858, and again in 1859, and to the senate in 1860; presided over the senate in 1863; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); delegate to the constitutional convention of Penn- sylvania in 1872; elected to the state senate under the new constitution in 1875, 1876, and 1878; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); again served two terms in the state legislature; died in Monon- gahela, Washington county, Pa., October 2, 1904. Lawrence, John W., a Representative from New York; born in Flushing, N. Y., in 1800; state representative 1841-1842; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1847); died in Flushing, N. Y., Decem- ber 20, 1888. Lawrence, Joseph, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Adams county, Pa., in 1786; moved with his widowed mother to a farm in Wash- ington county in 1789; attended the common schools; state representative for 1818-1824, and speaker for two sessions; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829); again a representative in the state legislature 1834-1836; state treasurer in 1837; reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1841, until his death in Washington, D. C., April 17, 1842. Lawrence, Samuel, a Representative from New York; located in Johnson's settlement; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1808, 1817, and 1818; presidential elector in 1816; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825). Lawrence, Sidney, a Representative from New York; born in Weybridge, Vt., December 31, 1801; moved with parents to Moira, Franklin county, N. Y., in early childhood; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Moira, N. Y.; was justice of the peace for more than fifty years; surrogate of Franklin county 1837-1843; state senator 1843-1844; mem; ber of the state house of representatives in 1846; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); resumed law prac- tice and the real estate business; died in Moira. N. Y., May 9, 1892. Lawrence, William, a Representative from Ohio; born in Washington, Ohio, September 2, 1814; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Jefferson college, Pennsylvania, in 1835, farmer and merchant; state representative in 1843; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1848; delegate in the state constitutional conven- tion of 1850; state senator 1856-1857; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); again a state senator 1867 and 1885-1886; member of board of directors of Ohio penitentiary and president of the board; died in Washington, Ohio, September 8, 1895. Lawrence, William, a Representative from Ohio; born in Mount Pleasant, Ohio, June 26, 1819; was graduated from Franklin college, Ohio, in 1838, and from the Cincinnati law school in 1840, and practiced in Belief ontaine, Ohio, 1840-1899; editor of the Logan Gazette and the Western Law Monthly bankrupt commissioner of Logan county in 1842 and prosecuting attorney of Logan county in 1845; state representative 1846-1847 and state senator 1848-1853; supreme court reporter; judge of the court of common pleas and of the district court 1857-1864; entered the Union army in 1862 as colonel of the eighty-fourth Ohio infantry volun- teers; appointed United States judge in Florida in 1863; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1865- March 3, 1871); reelected to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); first comptroller of the United States Treas- ury 1880-1885; died in Kenton, Ohio, May 8, 1899; interment in Bellefoniaine, Ohio. Lawrence, William Thomas, a Representative from New York; born in New York City May 7, 1788; attended the common schools; engaged in mercantile pursuits; served in the war of 1812; moved to Cayuga county in 1823 and became a farmer; justice of the peace in 1838; judge of Tomkins county; elected to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); died at his country home near Cayutaville, N. Y., October 25, 1859; interment in the borough of Queens, New York City. Laws, Gilbert Lafayette, a Representative from Nebraska; born near Olney, Richland county, 111., March 11, 1838; moved with his parents to Iowa county, Wis., in 1845 ; attended the common schools and Haskell university, Mazomanie, Wis., and Milton college, Milton, Wis.; taiight school until 1861, when he enlisted in the fifth Wisconsin vol- unteer infantry; wounded in the battle of Williams- burg, Va., May 5, 1862; returned to Wisconsin and located in Richland county; elected clerk of that county in November, 1862; twice reelected; en- gaged in manufacturing; chairman of the county board of supervisors 1869-1870; member of the city council; elected mayor of Richland Center in 1870; postmaster 1869-1876, when he resigned and moved to Orleans, Nebr. ; appointed register of the United States land office at McCook, Nebr., in 1883, and served until November 1, 1886; elected secretary of state of Nebraska, November 2, 1886, and in 1888; BIOGRAPHIES. 799 elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Laird, and served from December 2, 1889, to March 3, 1891; moved to Enid, Okla., and engaged in the real estate business; returned to Lincoln, Nebr., in 1895; secretary of the state board of transporta- tion 1896-1900; died in Lincoln, Nebr., April 26, 1906. Lawson, John Daniel, a Representative from New York; born in Montgomery, N. Y., February 18, 1816; attended the public schools; importer in New York City; delegate to the Republican national conventions of 1868 and 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); charter member of the Union League club; died in New York City January 24, 1896. Lawson, John William., a Representative from Virginia; born in James City county, Va., Septem- ber 13, 1837; attended the schools of Williamsburg, William and Mary college, and the University of of Virginia; studied medicine and was graduated from the University of the city of New York March 4, 1861; returned to Virginia and enlisted in the thirty-second regiment Virginia infantry; served on the Peninsula; participated in the battle of Williamsburg and in the series of battles beginning with Seven Pines; entered the medical department; assistant surgeon in charge of artillery battalion; promoted to full surgeon March 10, 1864, and served until the surrender at Appomattox April 9, 1865; settled in Isle of Wight county, Va., December, 1865; practiced medicine for ten years; elected to the house of delegates and reelected ; elected to the state senate; engaged in farming; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1893); died in Smithfield, Va., February 21, 1905. Lawson, Thomas Graves, a Representative from Georgia; born in Putnam county, Ga., May 2, 1835; attended the common schools and was gradu- ated from Mercer university in 1855 ; elected to the legislature in 1861, 1863, and 1865; member of the constitutional convention of 1877; elected judge of the superior courts of the Ocmulgee circuit, and served 1789-1887; engaged in farming near Eaton- ton, Ga., 1888-1891; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1897); resumed agricultural pursuits in Putnam county, Ga.; died in Eatonton, Ga., April 16, 1912. Lawyer, Thomas, a Representative from New York; born in Schoharie, N. Y., October 14, 1785; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Schoharie county many years; member of the state house of representatives in 1816; brigadier general of state militia; a presidential elector in 1824; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); district attorney of Schohaire county 1822-1831; presidential elector in 1824; was again a member of the state house of representa- tives in 1846; held several local offices; died in Lawyersville, Schoharie county, N. Y., May 21, 1868. Lay, Alfred Morrison, a Representative from Missouri; born in Lewis county, Mo., May 20, 1836; moved with his parents to Boston county in 1842; attended private schools, and was graduated from Bethany college, Virginia, in 1856; studied law in Jefferson City, Mo., and was admitted to the bar in 1857; appointed United States district attorney for the western district of Missouri by President Buchanan, and served until his resignation in 1861; enlisted as a private in the Missouri state guard; was promoted to the rank of major; returned to Missouri when the command disbanded; was made a prisoner and confined in prison in Alton, 111.; exchanged in 1862, and enlisted in the Con- federate army, and served to the close of the war; resumed the practice of law in Jefferson City, Mo. ; member of the state constitutional convention of 1875; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1879, until his death in Washington, D. C., December 8, 1879. Lay, George Washington, a Representative from New York; born in Catskill, N. Y., December 26, 1798; pursued classical studies, and was gradu- ated from Hamilton college, New York, in 1817; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Batavia, N. Y.; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); state repre- sentative in 1840; charge^ d'affaires to Sweden May 12, 1842, to October 29, 1845; died in Batavia, N.Y., October 28, 1860. Lay ton, Fernando Coello, a Representative from Ohio; born in Auglaize county, Ohio, April 11, 1847; attended the public schools and Wittenberg college, Springfield, Ohio; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1869, and practiced in Wapa- koneta, Ohio; county school examiner; prosecuting attorney of Auglaize county 1875-1878; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1897); resumed the practice of law in Wapa- koneta, Ohio; elected judge of the court of common pleas in 1908. Lazear, Jesse, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Greene county, Pa., December, 12, 1804; received a limited schooling; held several local offices; bank cashier in Waynesburg, Pa., 1835-1867; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1865); delegate in the National Union convention in Philadelphia in 1866; died in Baltimore county, Md., September 2, 1877. Lea, Luke, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Surry county, N. C., January 26, 1782; moved with parents to Tennessee in 1790; attended the common schools; commanded a regiment under Gen. Jackson in the Creek and Seminole wars in 181&; located in Campbells Station, Tenn., and held several minor offices; elected as a Union Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); secre- tary of state of Tennessee 1837-1839; appointed by President Taylor commissioner of Indian affairs June 14, 1850, to take effect July 1, 1850; was confirmed, but declined; appointed by Presi- dent Fillmore Indian agent at Fort Leavenworth, Kans., September 23, 1850, and served until hia death near Fort Leavenworth, Kans., June 17, 1851. Lea, Pryor, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Knox county, Tenn., August 31, 1794; was graduated from Greeneville college; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice in Knoxville, Tenn.; served in the Creek war in 1813; United States attorney for Tennessee in 1824 ; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twen- tieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827- March 3, 1831); defeated for the Twenty-second 800 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Congress; moved to Jackson, Miss., in 1836, and to Goliad, Tex., in 1846; engaged in railroad build- ing and management; member of the Texas con- vention of February, 1861; died in Goliad, Tex., September 14, 1880. Leach, De Witt Clinton, a Representative from Michigan; born in Clarence, Erie county, N. Y., November 22, 1822; moved with parents to Genesee county, Mich., in early youth; attended the com- mon schools; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1849-1850; located in Lansing, Mich., in 1841; editor of the Michigan State Republican several years; delegate in the constitutional con- vention of 1860; state librarian in 1855-1857; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); Indian agent for Michigan 1861-1865; located in Traverse City, Mich., in 1861 and published the Grand Traverse Herald for nine years; went to Springfield, Mo., in 1870, where he published the Patriot Advertiser; subsequently returned to Traverse City, Mich., and published the Northwest Farmer. Leach, James Madison, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Randolph county, N. C., January 17, 1815; pursued classical studies; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1842, and prac- ticed; member of the state house of commons 1848-1858; presidential elector on the American ticket in 1856; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); re- elected as a Conservative to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); member of the Confederate congress 1864- 1865; twice elected state senator; died in Lexing- ton, N. C., June 1, 1891. Leadbetter, Daniel Parkhurst, a Represent- ative from Ohio; born in Pittsfield, Mass., Septem- ber 10, 1797; moved to Ohio in 1816; first located in Jefferson county, where he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1821; commissioned captain of militia in 1821; then in Holmes county, and was county recorder 1831-1836; elected as a Van Buren Democrat to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); member of the state constitutional conven- tion of 1851; died in Millersburg, Ohio, February 26, 1870. Leake, Eugene Walter, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Jersey City, N. J., July 13, 1877; attended And over and the New York law school; was admitted to practice in New York and New Jersey; elected to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909). Leake, Shelton Farrar, a Representative from Virginia; born in Albemarle county, Va., November 30, 1812; completed preparatory stud- ies; taught school; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced practice in Char- lottesville; state representative in 1842; presiden- tial elector on the Democratic ticket in 1848; elected lieutenant governor in 1851 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847) and to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859. March 3, 1861). Leake, Walter, a Senator from Mississippi; born in Virginia May 25, 1762; served in the Revo- lutionary war; studied law and was admitted to the bar; was appointed by President Jefferson one of the United States judges for Mississippi territory February 23, 1807, and moved to Hinds county, Miss.; elected to the United States Senate, and served from October 9, 1817, until his resigna- tion in 1820; governor of Mississippi 1821-1825; died in Mount Salus, Miss., November 17, 1825. Learned, Amasa, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Killingly, Conn., November 15, 1750; was graduated from Yale college in 1772; studied theology and received a license to preach; elected to the Second and Third Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1795); delegate in the constitu- tional convention of 1818, and a state representa- tive for several terms; died in New London, Conn., May 4, 1825. Leary, Cornelius Lawrence Ludlow, a Rep- resentative from Maryland; born in Baltimore Md., October 22, 1813; attended public schools, and was graduated from St. Mary's college, Baltimore, in 1833; moved to Louisville, Ky., and returned to Baltimore in 1837; Whig member of the state house of representatives 1838-1839; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1840, and practiced in Balti- more; presidential elector on the American ticket in 1856; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); resumed the practice of law in Baltimore, Md., and died there March 21, 1893. Leavenworth, Elias Warner, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Caanan, N. Y., De- cember 20, 1803; moved with parents to Great Bar- rington, Mass.; attended the Hudson academy, and was graduated from Yale college in 1824; studied law in Great Barrington, and in the Litchfield (Conn.) law school 1825-1827; was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Syracuse, N. Y., in 1827; appointed brigadier general of militia in 1836; president of Syracuse village 1839-^1841 and 1846- 1847, and mayor 1849-1850 and again in 1859-1860; member of the state house of representatives in 1850 and 1857; secretary of the state of New York 1854-1855; connected with local public corpora- tions and several state commissions; commissioner for the United States under the convention with New Granada in Washington, D. C., 1861-1862; constitutional commissioner in 1872; member of the New York and New Jersey boundary line commission in 1875; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); died in Syracuse, N. Y., November 25, 1887. Leavitt, Humphrey Howe, a Representative from Ohio; born in Suffield, Conn., June 18, 1796; moved with parents to the Northwest territory in 1800, and located in what became Trumbull county, Ohio; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1817, and commenced practice in Cadiz, but soon removed to Steubenville; state representative 1825-1826; state senator 1827-1828; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John M. Goodenow; reelected to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses and served from December 6, 1830, until July 10, 1834, when he resigned; appointed by President Jackson United States district judge for Ohio June 28, 1834, and served until March 31, 1871, when he resigned; located in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1855, when the state was divided into two Federal dis- tricts; returned to Springfield in 1871; was a mem- ber of the world's convention on prison reform in London in 1872; died in Springfield, Ohio, March 15, 1873. BIOGRAPHIES. 801 Le Blond, Francis Celeste, a Representative from Ohio; was born in Bellville, Ohio, February ]4, 1821; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Celina, Ohio; state representative 1851-1855; speaker of the house 1854-1855; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867); died in Celina, Ohio, November 9, 1902. Lecompte, Joseph, a Representative from Kentucky; was a native of Woodford county, Ky.; located in New Castle; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty- second Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1833). Lee, Arthur, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Stratford, Va., December 20, 1740; attended Eton college, England; studied medicine in the Uni- versity of Edinburgh, Scotland, and was graduated in 1765; after traveling in Europe commenced practice in Williamsburg, Va. ; went to London in 1776, and studied law in Temple Bar 1776-1780; was admitted, and practiced in London 1770-1776; commissioned as Massachusetts 'a agent in Eng- land and France; appointed correspondent of Congress in London in 1775; commissioner to France 1776 and to Spain 1777; returned to Vir- ginia in 1780; state representative in 1781; delegate in the Continental Congress 1781-1784; member of the Treasury board 1785-1789; died in Urbana, Middlesex county, Va., December 12, 1792. Lee, Francis laghtfoot, a Delegate from Vir- ginia; born in Stratford, Va., October 14, 1734; pursued classical studies; member of the house of burgesses 1765-1772; signed the Westmoreland declaration against the stamp act; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1775-1780; a signer of the Declaration of Independence; member of the state senate; died in Richmond county, Va., April 3, 1797. Lee, Gideon, a Representative from New York; born in Amherst, Mass., April 27, 1778; attended the common schools; learned the trade of shoe- maker, and engaged in business in Worthington, Mass.; moved to New York City in 1807, and engaged in the leather business; state representa- tive in 1822; alderman in 1828, 1829, and 1830; mayor in 1833; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); a presidential elector; died in Geneva, N. Y., August 21, 1841. Lee, Gordon, a Representative from Georgia; born near Ringgold, Catoosa county, Ga., May 29, 1859; attended country schools, and was grad- uated from Emery college, Oxford, Ga., in 1880; became a farmer, and also engaged in manufac- turing in Chickamauga, Ga.; member of the state house of representatives 1894-1895; member of the state senate 1902-1904; member of the state memorial board; elected to the Fifty-ninth, Six- tieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905- March 3, 1911); member of the National Forest Reservation commission, created by the act of March 1, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Lee, Henry, a Delegate and a Representative from Virginia; born in Prince William county, Va., January 29, 1756; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Princeton college in 1773; served in the Revolutionary war; commissioned captain of a company of Virginia dragoons June 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 51 18, 1776, that became attached to and part of the first Continental dragoons March 31, 1777; by a special act of Congress, April 7, 1778, in recogni- tion of his brave and distinguished services, was promoted to a major commandant and authorized to augment his corps by the enlistment of two troops of horse; by the act of September 24, 1799, was given the thanks of Congress "for remarkable prudence, address, and bravery displayed in the attack on the enemy's fort and work at Powles's Hook," and in terms approved his humanity and granted him a gold medal; his battalion was desig- nated "Lee's partisan corps" by act of October 21, 1780; lieutenant colonel November 6, 1780, and served until the close of the war; commis- sioned major general United States army July 19, 1798; honorably discharged June 15, 1800; became universally known as "Light Horse Harry"; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1785-1788; advocated the adoption of the Federal constitution in the Virginia convention of 1788; governor 1792-1795; commanded the Virginia forces in the whisky insurrection; elected as a Federalist to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799- March 3, 1801); at request of Congress pronounced the eulogy upon President Washington before both branches of Congress, in which Washington is characterized as the man "first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen " ; died in Cumberland Island, Georgia, March 25, 1818. Lee, John, a Representative from Maryland; born at "Blenheim, the family estate in Mary- land, January 30, 1788; prusued classical studies under private tutors; held several local offices; was elected as a Federalist to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); was chairman of the House committee appointed to escort the Marquis de Lafayette from Frederick City to Washington in 1825; followed closely the political fortunes of Henry Clay after his con- gressional service; moved to Washington, D. C., died in the home of his son, Dr. Lee, in New York City, May 17, 1871. Lee, Joshua, a Representative from New York; born in Penn Yan, N. Y.; state representative in 1833; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837). Lee, M. Lindley, a Representative from New York; born in Minisink, N. Y., May 29, 1805; pur- sued classical studies, and was graduated from Union college in 1827, and from the College of Physicians and Surgeons of western New York in 1830; practiced medicine in Fulton, N. Y.; postmaster 1840-1844; member of the state house of representatives in 1847 and 1848; served in the state senate in 1855; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); resumed the practice of medicine in Fulton, N. Y. Lee, Richard Bland, a Representative from Virginia; born in Leesylvania, Va., January 20, 1761; pursued English and classical studies in private schools; member of the Virginia assembly in 1784, and for several terms thereafter; elected to the First, Second, and Third Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1795); died in Leesylvania, Va., March 12, 1827. Lee, Richard Henry, a Delegate and a Senator from Virginia; born in Stratford, Va., January 20, 1732; after a course of private instruction attended 802 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Wakefield academy, England; returned in 1751; justice of the peace for Westmoreland county in 1757; delegate in the house of burgesses 1761-1788; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1774-1780, and served as President in 1784; a signer of the Declaration of Independence; brought forward the resolution, in accord with instructions given in the Virginia convention of May 17, 1776, declar- ing "that these united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states," etc.; served in the state legislature; colonel of militia; again a Delegate in the Continental Congress in 1787; member of the Virginia convention of 1788; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1789, until his resignation in 1792; died in Chantilly, Va. June, 19, 1794. Lee, Silas, a Representative from Massachu- setts; born in Concord, Mass., July 3, 1760; pur- sued classical studies, and was graduated from Harvard college in 1784; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar; state representative in 1793, 1797, and 1798; elected as a Federalist to the Sixth and Seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1799, until August 20, 1801, when he resigned; appointed by President Jefferson United States attorney for the district of Maine January 6, 1802, and served until his death; justice of the peace and of the quorum in 1803; probate judge 1805- 1814; chief judge of the common pleas court in 1810; died in Wiscasset, Me., March 1, 1814. Lee, Thomas, a Representative from New Jer- sey; born in Philadelphia, Pa., November 28, 1780; resided with parents in Chester valley, Pa., during his earlier years, and attended the common schools; removed to Port Elizabeth, Cumberland county, N. J., about 1800, and became a merchant, shipbuilder, and landowner; judge of the court of common pleas 1813-1815; member of the state general assembly 1814-1815; postmaster of Port Elizabeth 1818-1833, and 1846-1849; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); founder of Port Elizabeth library and academy; died in Port Elizabeth, N. J., November 2, 1856. Lee, Thomas Sim, a Delegate from Maryland; born in Prince George's county, Md., October 29, 1744; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; member of the executive council in 1777; governor 1779-1783 and 1792- 1794; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1783- 1784, and in the state convention for the ratifica- tion of the Federal constitution in 1788; elected to the United States Senate in 1794, but declined; died in Needwood, Frederick county, Md., No- vember 9, 1819. Lee, William Henry Fitzhugh, a Represent- ative from Virginia; born in the "Lee mansion," Arlington (now National cemetery), Va., May 31, 1837; in 1857 entered Harvard college, but left in 1857; appointed second lieutenant in the sixth regiment United States infantry, and ac- companied his regiment in 1858 in the expedition to Utah; resigned in 1859; returned to Virginia and took charge of his estates in the county of New Kent; in 1861 raised a company of cavalry and joined the Confederate service, and was pro- moted successively from captain to major general of cavalry; wounded at Brandy Station in June, 1863; captured in Hanover county and taken to Fortress Monroe; transferred to United States prison at Fort Lafayette in 1863, where he was confined until March, 1864, when he was trans- ferred to Fortress Monroe and exchanged ; returned to his command and served throughout the cam- paign of 1864, until the surrender at Appomattox; returned to his plantation; member of the state senate for one term; removed to Burke Station, Va.; president of the state agricultural society; engaged in agricultural pursuits; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); died in Ravens- worth, Va., October 15, 1891. Leedom, John Peter, a Representative from Ohio; born in Adams county, Ohio, December 20, 1847; attended the common schools, and was gradu- ated from Smith's mercantile college in 1868; taught public school; engaged in farming; elected clerk of the court of common pleas of Adams county in 1874 and reelected in 1877.; member of the Demo- cratic state central committee in 1879; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); sergeant-at-arms of the House of Representatives 1884-1886; died in Toledo, Ohio, March 18, 1895. Leet, Isaac, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Washington, Pa., in 1802; pursued preparatory studies, and was graduated from Washington and Jefferson college in 1822; treas- urer of Washington county 1826-1830; deputy attorney general 1830-1834; member of the state senate 1834-1838; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); defeated for the Twenty-seventh Congress; died in Washington, Pa., June 11, 1844. Le Fever, Jacob, a Representative from New York; born in New Paltz, N. Y., April 20, 1830; attended New Paltz academy and Amenia semi- nary; supervisor of the town 1861-1862; member of the state assembly 1863, 1864, 1865, and 1867; delegate in Republican state conventions; dele- gate in the Republican national convention of 1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); died in New Paltz, N. Y., February 4, 1905. Le Fever, Joseph, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; elected to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813). Le Fevre, Benjamin, a Representative from Ohio; born in Maplewood, Shelby county, Ohio, October 8, 1838; attended Miami university 1858- 1859; studied law in Sidney, Ohio; enlisted in the Union army in 1861 and served until the close of the war; mustered out as major of the fiftieth Ohio infantry; elected to the state legislature in 1865; nominated in 1866 for secretary of state by the Democrats of Ohio; appointed by President Johnson United States consul at Nuremberg, Germany, April 19, 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1887); retired, and a resident of Maplewood, Shelby county, Ohio. Le Fevre, Frank Jacob, a Representative from New York; born in New Paltz, Ulster county, N. Y., November 30, 1874; attended the public schools, and the New Paltz normal school; engaged in the banking business; state senator in 1902; appointed superintendent of the New York state building at St. Louis during the fair of the Louisi- ana purchase exposition; elected to the Fifty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907); a BIOGKAPHIES. 803 resident of New Paltz, N. Y., and en| banking. Lefferts, John, a Representative from New York; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., December 17, 1785; attended the public schools; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); delegate in the constitutional convention of 1821; member of the state senate 1820-1825; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., September 18, 1829. Leffler, Isaac, a Representative from Virginia; born in Washington county, Pa., November 7, 1788; attended public schools, and was graduated from Jefferson college, Pa. ; studied law, was admittedto the bar, and began practice in Wheeling, Va. (now West Virginia); state representative 1817-1825; elected to the Twentieth Congress as a Representa- tive from Virginia (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); moved to that portion of Michigan territory that is now Des Moines county, Iowa, in 1835; after the creation of Wisconsin territory, April 20, 1836, represented Des Moines county in the first legisla- ture of the new territory 1836^-1837; admitted to the Des Mpines county bar April 15, 1835, and prac- ticed; chief justice of the first judicial tribunal of Des Moines county April 11, 1836; member of the house of representatives of the Territory of Iowa in 1841; appointed by President Tyler United States marshal for the district of Iowa December 18, 1843, confirmed January 16, 1844, and removed by Presi- dent Polk December 29, 1845; appointed by Presi- dent Fillmore receiver of public moneys for the Chariton, Iowa, land district August 30, 1852, and removed by President Pierce March 29, 1853. Leffler, Shepherd, a Representative from Iowa; native of Pennsylvania; pursued an academic course; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Burlington, Iowa: engaged in agri- cultural pursuits; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); defeated as a Democrat for governor in 1875. Leftwich., Jabez, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Caroline county, Va., in 1766; moved with parents to Bedford county in 1770; attended the common schools; inspector general with the rank of colonel on the staff of his brother, Gen. Joel Leftwich, in the Revolution; represented Bedford county in the state legislature 1812-1821; elected to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1825); defeated for the Nineteenth Congress; removed to Madison county, Ala., in 1825; member of the Alabama legislature; died near Huntsville, Ala., June 22, 1855. Leftwich, John William, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Liberty, Bedford county, Va., September 7, 1826; attended the public schools; studied medicine, and was graduated from the Phil- adelphia medical college in 1850; moved to Mem- phis, Tenn., and engaged in mercantile pursuits; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth Congress, following the readmission of Tennessee into the Union, and served from July 24, 1866, to March 3, 1867; delegate in the Democratic national conven- tion of 1868; was reelected to the Forty-second Congress, but died while on his way to Washington, in Lynchburg, Va., March 6, 1871. Legarda, Benito, Resident Commissioner from Philippine Islands; born in Manila, P. I., Septem- ber 27, 1853; attended the Jesuits' college and St. Thomas university of Manila; member of Agui- naldo's cabinet at Malolos and vice president of the Filipino congress; resigned these positions to return to Manila in December, 1898; cooperated in the establishment of peace during and after the war be- tween the Filipinos and Americans; was appointed by President McKinley a member of the Philippine commission February 1, 1901; elected by the Phil- ippine legislature a commissioner to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Legare, George Swinton, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Rockville, Charles- ton (formerly Berekeley) county, in 1870; was grad- uated from the Porter academy; Charleston, in 1889; attended the University of South Carolina for two years, and was graduated from Georgetown univer- sity law school, Washington, D. C., in 1893; com- menced practice in Charleston, S. C.; elected cor- poration counsel in 1898, and reelected for four consecutive years, and served until his resignation; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-sec- ond Congress. Legare, Hugh Swinton, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., January 2, 1789; was graduated from the college of South Carolina in 1814; studied law 1814-1816; was admitted to the bar in Charleston, S. C., in 1822; state representative 1820-1822 and 1824-1830; attorney general of South Carolina 1830-1832; be- came editor of the Southern Review; charge d'af- faires to Brussels 1832-1836; elected as a Union Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); defeated for the Twenty-sixth Congress; returned to law practice in Charleston; Attorney General of the United States in President Tyler's cabinet from September 13, 1841, until his death; also filled the office of Secretary of State, ad interim, from May 9, 1843, to the time of his death in Boston, Mass., June 20, 1843. Lehlbach, Herman, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Baden, Germany, July 3, 1845; pursued an academic course and became a civil engineer; came with parents to the United States and located in Newark, N . J. ; member of the house of assembly of New Jersey in 1884 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); died in Newark, N. J., January 11, 1904. Lehman, William Eckart, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., August 21, 1821; was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1841 ; studied law and was admit- ted to the bar; appointed post-office examiner for Pennsylvania and New York by President Polk; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); United States provost marshal 1863-1865; died in Atlantic City, N. J., July 10, 1895. Leib, Michael, a Representative and a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., January 8, 1760; attended the common schools; studied medicine in the University of Pennsylva- nia, and practiced in Philadelphia; served during the Revolutionary war as surgeon of Eyre's battal- ion of Philadelphia militia; state representative; elected as a Democrat to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1799, until February 14, 1806, when he 804 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. resigned; member of the committee of correspond- ence on the Chesapeake affair, July 1, 1807; presi- dential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1808; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel Maclay, and served from December 13, 1808, to February 14, 1814, when he resigned ; postmaster of Philadelphia 1817-1822; died in Philadelphia, Pa., December 28, 1822. Leib, Owen D., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; native of that state; pursued classical studies; studied medicine, and commenced prac- tice in Catawissa, Pa. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); died in Catawissa, Pa., June 17, 1848. Leidy, Paul, a Representative from Pennsylva- nia; born in Hemlock township, Columbia county, Pa., November 13, 1813; attended the common schools; tailor's apprentice; taught school; studied law and was admitted to the bar; commenced prac- tice in Danville, Pa.; district attorney for five years; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); died in Danville, Pa., September 11, 1877. Leigh, Benjamin Watkins, a Senator from Vir- ginia; born in Chesterfield county, Va., June 18, 1781 ; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1802; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Petersburg, Va. ; moved to Richmond, Va., in 1813; state representative for several terms, and prepared the revised code of 1819; delegate in the state constitutional conven- tion of 1829-1830; official reporter of the state court of appeals 1829-1841 ; elected as Whig to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of William C. Rives; reelected, and served from February 26, 1834, to July 4, 1836, when he resigned; died in Richmond, Va., February 2, 1849. Leighty, Jacob D., a Representative from Indi- ana; born in Westmoreland county, Pa., October 15, 1839; moved with his parents to Dekalb county, Ind., in 1844; attended the common schoooL and Wittenberg college, Springfield, Ohio; enlisted in the Union army in July, 1861, as a member of com- pany E, eleventh Indiana volunteer infantry; pro- moted to second lieutenant and to first lieutenant; severely wounded at Champion Hills, Miss., May 16, 1863; resigned in 1864; engaged in general mer- chandising and in manufacturing enterprises in St. Joseph, Ind.; elected to the Indiana house of rep- resentatives in 1886; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); United States pension agent at Indianapolis 1897-1901; a banker and horticulturist of St. Joseph, Ind. Leiper, George Gray, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Delaware county, Pa., Feb- ruary 3, 1786; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1803; engaged in stone quarrying; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); for several years associate judge of the courts of Delaware county; died in ' 'Leipidia," Leiperville, Pa., November 17, 1868. Leisenring, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Ashton (now Lansford), Carbon county, Pa., June 3, 1853; attended Schwartz's academy, Bethlehem, Pa., and academies in Mer- chantville and Princeton, N. J. ; became a civil and mining engineer; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897; died in Philadelphia, Pa., January 19, 1901. Leiter, Benjamin Franklin, a Representative from Ohio; born in Leitersburg, Md., October 13, 1813; received a limited schooling; taught school in Maryland 1830-1834; moved to Ohio, and taught school 1834-1042; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice in Canton, Ohio; justice of the peace; mayor for ten years; state representative 1848 and speaker of the house 1849 ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); died in Canton, Ohio, June 17, 1866. Lie Moyne, John Valcoulpn, a Representative from Illinois; born in Washington county, Pa., November 17, 1828; was graduated from Washing- ton college in 1847; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Pittsburgh, Pa., in 1852; moved to Chicago .the same year; defeated as a Liberal can- didate for the Forty-third Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); defeated for the Forty-fifth Congress; a retired resident of Melvale, Baltimore county, Md. Lenahan, John T., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in the township of Jenkins, Luzerne county, Pa., November 15, 1852; was graduated from Villanova college in 1870; studied law in Wilkes-Barre; delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1892 and 1896 ; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907- March 3, 190J9); resumed the practice of law in Wilkes-Barre, Pa. Lenroot, Irvine Luther, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Superior, Wis., January 31, 1869; received a common-school training; became a court reporter; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1897, and practiced in Superior; elected to the Wisconsin legislature in 1900, 1902, and 1904; speaker of the assembly in 1903 and 1905; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Lent, James W., a Representative from New York; born in Newton, N. Y., in 1772; merchant of New York City; first judge of Queens county and served from February 5, 1823, to March 4, 1829; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses, and served from March4, 1829, until his death, in Washington, D. C., February 22, 1833; interment in Congressional cemetery. Lentz, John Jacob, a Representative from Ohio; born near St. Clairsville, Belmont county, Ohio, January 27, 1856; attended common school and the St. Clairsville high school; taught school for four years, and was graduated from the National normal university, Lebanon, Ohio, in 1877; at- tended the University of Wooster 1877-1878, and was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1882, and from the law department of Columbia college, New York City, in 1883; admitted to the bar in Columbus, Ohio, in October, 1883; trustee of Ohio university; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901); defeated for the Fifty-seventh Congress; resumed the practice of law in Columbus, Ohio. BIOGKAPHIES. 805 Leonard, Fred C., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Elmer, Potter county, Pa., Feb- ruary 16, 1856; attended the public schools, the State normal school at Mansfield, Pa., Williston seminary, Easthampton, Mass., and was graduated from Yale college in 1883; studied law in Wells- boro, Pa., and was admitted to the bar in 1885; moved to Elmira, N. Y., and then to Coudersport, Pa., in 1887, and practiced law; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895- March 3, 1897); resumed the practice of law in Cou- dersport, Pa. Leonard, George, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Norton, Mass., July 4, 1729; was graduated from Harvard college in 1748; reg- ister of probate 1749-1783; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1750, and commenced practice; member of the provincial assembly 1764-1766; executive councilor 1770-1775; judge of the probate court 1784-1790; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); reelected to the Fourth Congress (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1797); judge of the common pleas court 1785-1798, and chief justice 1798-1804; state senator 1792-1793, and state representative 1801-1802; died in Rayn- ham, Mass., July 26, 1819. Leonard, John Edwards, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Chester county, Pa., Sep- tember 22, 1845; was graduated from Phillips Exeter academy, and from Harvard college in 1867; studied law in Germany; commenced practice in Louisiana; district attorney; judge of the state supreme court; resumed the practice of law in Monon, La.; elected as a Republican to the Forty- fifth Congress and served from March 4, 1877, until his death in Habana, Cuba, March 15, 1878. Leonard, Moses Gage, a Representative from New York; born in Stafford, Conn., July 10, 1809; attended the public schools; moved to New York City; city alderman in 1840, 1841, and 1842; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); defeated for the Twenty-ninth Congress; commissioner of immi- gration at the port of New York; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 20, 1899. Leonard, Stephen Banks, a Representative from New York; born in New York City April 15, 1793; attended the public schools; moved with parents to Oswego, N. Y., and learned the printer's trade; publisher and editor of the Owego Gazette 1814-1835; established the first stage route from Owego to Bath in 1816; postmaster of Owego 1816- 1849; supervisor 1854-1856; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1837); reelected to the Twenty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841) ; deputy United States marshal 1857-1861; died in Oswego, N. Y., May 8, 1876. Lessler, Montague, a Representative from New York; born in New York City January 1, 1869; attended the public schools, and was graduated from the College of the city of New York in 1889; later was graduated from the Columbia law school, was admitted to the bar in 1891, and practiced in New York City; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Nicholas Muller, and served from January 15, 1902, to March 3, 1903; resumed the practice of law in New York City. Lester, Posey Green, a Representative from Virginia; born in Floyd county, Va., March 12, 1850; attended the common schools; engaged in teaching, and studied theology; ordained a min- ister in the primitive or old school Baptist church in 1876; traveled and preached in eighteen states; associate editor of Zion's Landmark in 1883; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1901); resumed ministerial relations in Floyd, Va. Lester, Rufus Ezekiel, a Representative from Georgia; born in Burke county, Ga., December 12, 1837; was graduated from Mercer university, Geor- gia, 1857; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Savannah, Ga., and commenced practice in 1859; entered the military service of the Confederate army in 1861, and served throughout the war; resumed practice of law in Savannah; state senator 1870-1879, and president of the senate during the last three years; mayor of Savannah 1883-1889; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, and to the eight succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1899, until his death in Washington, D. C., June 16, 1906. Letcher, John, a Representative from Virginia; bora in Lexington, Rockbridge county, Va., March 29, 1813; attended Washington college and Ran- dolph-Macon college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Lexington, Va., in 1839; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1848; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1850; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty ^urth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, j_oi-March 3, 1859); governor of Virginia 1860-1864; prominent in organization of the peace congress that met in Washington February 8, 1861; discouraged seces- sion, but was active in sustaining the ordnance passed by Virginia April 17, 1861; after the war, and the expiration of his term as governor, resumed the practice of law in Lexington; member of the state legislature 1876-1877; member of board of visitors of the Virginia military institute 1866-1880, and president of the board ten years; died in Lex- ington, Va., January 26, 1884. Letcher, Robert Perkins, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Goochland county, Va., February 10, 1788; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Lancaster, Ky.; state repre- sentative for a number of years and one year speaker of the house ; elected as a Clay Democrat to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827); reelected as a Whig to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty -third Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1841); presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1836; governor of Kentucky 1840-1844; minister plenipotentiary to Mexico August 9, 1849, to August 3, 1852; died in Frankfort, Ky., January 24, 1861. Lever, Asbury Francis, a Representative from South Carolina; born near Springhill, Lexington county, S. C., January 5, 1875; attended the com- mon schools, and was graduated from Newberry college in 1895; taught school; was graduated in law from Georgetown university, District of Columbia, in 1899, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Lexington, S. C.; member of the state conventions in 1896 and 1900; elected to the state legislature in 1900; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of J. 806 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. William Stokes; reelected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from December 2, 1901, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Levin, Lewis Charles, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Charleston, S. C., Novem- ber 10, 1808; was graduated from South Carolina college, Columbia, S. C.; moved to Woodville, Miss., about 1828 and taught school; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in several states until located in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1838; one of the founders of the American party in 1842; editor of the Philadelphia Daily Sun; elected as a native American to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1851); defeated for reelection to the Thirty- second Congress; died in Philadelphia, Pa., March 14, 1860. Levy, David (afterwards David Levy Yulee); a Delegate and a Senator from Florida; bom in St. Thomas, West Indies, in 1811; pursued classical studies; studied law in Virginia; moved to Florida in 1824, and became a planter; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845); delegate in the first state constitutional convention; elected to the United States Senate, and served from July 1, 1845, to March 3, 1851; reelected in January, 1855, and served from March 4, 1855, until his retirement, January 21, 1861; by act of the Florida legislature, and at his request, his name was changed to David Levy Yulee, and the Senate, on January 1<- q 46, ordered the name changed upon its rolls and journals in conformity with the act; president of the Atlantic and Gulf railroad; served in the Confederate Congress; prisoner of state at Fort Pulaski in 1865; died in New York City, October 10, 1886. Levy, Jefferson Monroe, a Representative from New York; born in New York city; attended public and private schools and was graduated from the University of the State of New York; studied law, was admitted to the bar of the state of New York, and practiced in New York city; one of the founders of the Democratic club of New York; member of the chamber of commerce, of the board of trade and transportation, of the real estate ex- change, and of numerous clubs and other organi- zations; vice president of the Democratic club; inherited from his uncle, Commodore Uriah P. Levy, " Monticello, " the estate of Thomas Jef- ferson; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901). Reelected to the Sixty -second Congress. Levy, William Mallory, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Isle of Wight county, Va., October 30, 1827; received a college training; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; served in the Mexican war; moved to Loui- siana in 1852, and practiced law in Natchitoches; member of the state house of representatives 1859-1861; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1860; served in the Confederate army; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); appointed justice of the state supreme court in 1879, and served until his death in Saratoga, N. Y., August 10, 1882. Lewis, Abner, a Representative from New York; born in Panama, Chautauqua county, N.Y.; attended the public schools; member of the state house of representatives 1838-1839; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847; county judge 1847-1851. Lewis, Barbour, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Alburg, Vt., in 1824; attended common schools in various states; was graduated from Illinois college, Jacksonville, 111., in 1846; teacher in Mobile, Ala.; attended law schools in Albany, N. Y., and Cambridge, Mass., and was admitted to the bar; served in the Union army 1861-1864; appointed judge of Memphis, Tenn., 1863-1864; appointed president of commissioners of Shelby county, Tenn., 1867-1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); resumed the practice of law in Memphis, Tenn. Lewis, Burwell Boykin, a Representative from Alabama; born in Montgomery, Ala., July 7, 1838; removed with his mother to Montevallo, Shelby county, Ala., in early youth; was graduated from the University of Alabama in 1857; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Montevallo in 1859; served in the Confederate army, and attained the rank of captain of the sec- ond Alabama cavalry; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1868; state representative 1870-1972; moved to Tuscaloosa, Ala., in 1872; en- gaged in the iron business; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); reelected to the Forty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1879, until October 1, 1880, when he resigned to accept the presidency of the University of Alabama; died in Tuscaloosa, Ala., October 11, 1885. Lewis, Charles S., a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of Clarksburg, W. Va.; completed preparatory studies; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John F. Snodgrass, and served from December 4, 1854, to March 3, 1855. Lewis, Clarke, a Representative from Missis- sippi; born in Huntsville, Ala., November 8, 1840; moved with his mother to Noxubee county, Miss., in early youth; attended the common schools; en- tered Somerville institute and took a partial course; engaged in teaching; entered the Confed- erate army in February, 1861, and served until the close of the war; resumed teaching in May, 1865; engaged in mercantile business and in farming; elected to the state legislature in 1877; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893); died near Macon, Miss., March 13, 1896. Lewis, Dixon Hall, a Representative and a Senator from Alabama; born in Dinwiddie county, Va., August 10, 1802; moved with parents in early boyhood to Hancock county, Ga. ; was graduated from Mount Zion academy and from the Univer- sity of South Carolina; moved to Autauga county, Ala., in 1822; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1823, and practiced in Montgomery, Ala.; state representative 1825-1827; elected as a States Rights Democrat to the Twenty-first, and to the seven succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1829, to April 22, 1844, when he resigned; appointed and subsequently elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of William R. King, and served from April 22, 1844, until his death in New York City, October 25, 1848; interment in Montgomery, Ala. BIOGRAPHIES. 807 Lewis, Edward Taylor, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Opelousas, parish of St. Landry, October 26, 1834; was trained by a private tutor; attended Wesleyan university in Delaware, Ohio, was admitted to the bar of Louisiana in 1859, and practiced in Opelousas, La.; served in the Con- federate army during the entire war; entered as a private in the infantry and ranked as a captain of cavalry at its close; elected to the state legisla- ture in 1865; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Andrew S. Herron, who died before the commencement of Congress, and served from March 4, 1883, to March 3, 1885; again elected to the state legislature; resumed the practice of law in Ope- lousas, La. Lewis, Elijah Banks, a Representative from Georgia; born in Dooly county, Ga., March 27, 1854; attended the common schools of Dooly and Macon counties, and had a business training; moved to Montezuma, Ga., in 1871, and engaged in the banking and mercantile business; state sena- tor 1894-1895; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fifth, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1909); resumed business activi- ties in Montezuma, Ga. Lewis, Francis, a Delegate from New York, born in Llandaff, Wales, in March, 1713; attended Westminster school, London; entered the counting house of a London merchant, came to America in 1735 and established mercantile houses in New York and Philadelphia; secured a contract to clothe the British army in America in 1753; partic- ipated in the French and Indian war as an aid to General Mercer, was captured in Oswego, N. Y., by forces under Montcalm, taken as a prisoner to France, and exchanged; on his return the Colonial government gave him five thousand acres of land in recognition of his services; delegate in the stamp act congress that met in New York City in 1765; retired from business in 1765 and located in White- stone, Long Island, N. Y.; delegate in the Conti- nental Congress 1774-1779; signer of the Declara- tion of Independence; commissioner of the board of admiralty in 1779; died in New York City, De- cember 30, 1802. Lewis, James Hamilton, a Representative from Washington; born in Danville, Va., May 18, 1868; moved with his parents to Augusta, Ga., in 1866; attended Houghton college and the Univer- sity of Virginia; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1882, and located in practice in Seattle, Wash., November, 1885; elected to the territorial senate; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); served in the Spanish war as inspector general with rank of colonel, on the staff of Gen. Frederick D. Grant; moved to Chicago, 111., in 1902, and resumed the practice of law; was later corporation counsel of Chicago; chosen Democratic candidate for United States Senator in the primaries of 1912. Lewis, John Francis, a Senator from Virginia; born near Port Republic, Va., March 1, 1818; farmer; delegate in the state secession convention of 1861, and refused to sign the ordinance of seces- sion; elected lieutenant governor on the True Re- publican ticket in 1869; elected to the United States Senate, and served from October 20, 1869, to March 3, 1875; appointed by President Hayes United States marshal for the western district of Virginia April 11, 1878, and served until March 1, 1882, when he resigned; again elected lieutenant governor on the Readjuster ticket in 1881; died in Lynnwood, Va., September 2, 1895. Lewis, JohnH., a Representative from Illinois; born in Tompkins county, N. Y., July 21, 1830; moved to Illinois in 1836; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1860, and practiced in Knoxville, 111.; elected clerk of the circuit court of Knox county in 1860; elected to the house of representatives of Illinois in 1874; elected as a Republican to the Forty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); resumed the practice of law in Knoxville, 111. Lewis, John William, a Representative from Kentucky; born near Greensburg, Green county, Ky.; attended Centre college, Danville, Ky. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Greensburg, Ky.; moved to Springfield, Ky., January 1, 1869; temporary chairman of the Re- publican state convention April 10, 1880; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1880, 1884, and 1888; delegate in the constitutional con- vention of Kentucky in 1890, and unseated upon a contest; member of the Republican state central committee of Kentucky 1878-1891, and chairman in the state campaign of 1887; served as special judge in circuit courts of Marion, Taylor, and other coun- ties; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); resumed the practice of law in Springfield, Ky. Lewis, Joseph, jr., a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Virginia in 1772; elected as a Feder- alist to the Eighth, and to the six succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1817); died in Clif- ton, Va., March 30, 1834. Lewis, Joseph Horace, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Barren county, Ky., October 29, 1824; was graduated from Centre college, Dan- ville, Ky., in 1843; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Glasgow, Ky., in 1845; member of the state house of representatives 1850-1853 and 1869-1870; commanded the sixth Kentucky regiment in the Confederate army, the second brigade and the first brigade in Bates divi- sion; returned to Glasgow at the close of the war and practiced law; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jacob S. Golladay; reelected to the Forty-second Congress, and served from May 10, 1870, to March 3, 1873; elected to the Kentucky court of appeals in 1874; reelected in 1882, and served until December, 1890; died in Glasgow, Ky., July 6, 1904. Lewis, Robert Jacob, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Dover, Dover township, York county, Pa., December 30. 1864; attended the public schools of York, and was graduated from the high school in 1883; taught in the public schools until September, 1889; was graduated from the law department of Yale in 1891; admitted to the New Haven (Conn. ) bar June, 1891, and to the bar of York county, Pa., August 3, 1891, and practiced in York, Pa. ; elected school controller in 1893, and reelected in 1897 and 1903; city solicitor in 1895; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903; declined a renomination; resumed the practice of law in York, Pa. Lewis, Thomas, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Augusta county, Va.; attended the common schools; presented credentials as a Rep- resentative-elect to the Eighth Congress, and served 808 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. from March 4, 1803, to March 5, 1804, when he was succeeded by Andrew Moore, who contested his election. By formal action of the House of Rep- resentatives, counsel for the claimants were heard at the bar of the House in this case. Lewis, William J., a Representative from Vir- ginia; born near Lynchburg, Va.; attended the common schools; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); died near Lynchburg, Va., November 1, 1828. L'Hommedieu, Ezra, a Delegate from New York; born in Southhold, N. Y., August 30, 1734; was graduated from Yale college in 1754; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New York City; delegate in the four provincial con- gresses 1775-1778; member of the state house of representatives 1777-1783; a Federalist Delegate in the Continental Congress 1779-1783 and 1787- 1788; member of the state senate 1784-1792 and 1794^-1809; member of the state constitutional con- vention of 1801; clerk of Suffolk county from January, 1784, to March, 1810, and from March, 1811, until his death; regent of the University of the State of New York 1787-1811; died in South- hold, N. Y., September 28, 1811. Libbey, Harry, a Representative from Virginia; born in Wakefield, N. H., November 22, 1843; at- tended the common schools; moved to Hampton, Va., and engaged in mercantile pursuits; appointed one of the presiding justices of Elizabeth City county, Va., in 1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); engaged in the oyster indus- try; postmaster of Hampton, Va. Ligon, Robert Fulwood, a Representative from Alabama; born in Watkinsville, Oconee county, Ga., December 16, 1823; pursued an aca- demic course; moved to Atlanta, Ga. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; served in the Mexican war; member of the state house of representatives 1849-1850, and of the state senate 1860-1863; served in the Confederate army; located in Tuskagee, Ala., and resumed the prac- tice of law; lieutenant governor of Alabama in 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); died in Mont- gomery, Ala., October 11, 1901. Ligon, Thomas Watkins, a Representative from Maryland; born in Prince Edward county, Va., May 1, 1810; attended Hampden-Sidney col- lege, and was graduated from the University of Vir- ginia; studied law at Yale college, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Baltimore 1835-1853, and in other places in Maryland ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); governor of Mary- land 1854-1858; died in Chatham, near Ellicott City, Howard county, Md., January 12, 1881. Lilley, George Leavens, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Oxford, Mass., August 3, 1859; attended the common schools of Oxford, the Worcester high school, and Worcester technical institute, Worcester, Mass. ; served in the Connecti- cut legislature in 1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Con- gresses and served from March 4, 1903, until Janu- ary 5, 1909; by resolution of the House of January 20, 1909, seat was declared to have been vacated January 6, 1909, for the reason incumbent had en- tered upon the duties of the office of governor of Connecticut the preceding day; governor of Con- necticut January 5, 1909, until his death in Hart- ford, Conn., April 21 1909; interment in Water- bury, Conn. Lilley, Mial E., a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Canton, Bradford county, Pa., May 30, 1850; attended public and private schools; worked as a blacksmith several years; studied law in Canton, was admitted to the Bradford county bar in 1880, and commenced practice in Towanda, Pa. ; for several years chairman of the Republican committee of Brandford county; defeated for pro- thonotary of Bradford county in 1890; elected pro- thonotary in 1893, and reelected in 1896; in Febru- ary, 1903, appointed assistant United States district attorney for the middle district of Pennsylvania; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907); resumed the prac- tice of law in Towanda, Pa. Lilly, Samuel, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Geneva, N. Y., October 28, 1815; moved to Lambertville, N. J., in 1829; studied medicine, and was graduate from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania March 31, 1837, and commenced practice in Lam- bertville, N. J.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); first mayor of Lambertville, and served three years; director of the board of freeholders of Hunterdon county for eight years; appointed by President Buchanan consul general of the United States to British India, with residence in Calcutta, January 3, 1861, and served until July 4, 1862, when he resigned; judge of the court of common pleas of Hunterdon county, N. J., 1869-1874; one of the board of managers of the New Jersey insane asylum ; judge of the court of errors and appeals and of pardons from 1873 until his death in Lambertville, N. J., April 3, 1880. Lilly, William, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Penn Yan, Yates county, N. Y., June 3, 1821; moved to Carbon county, Pa., in 1838 ; elected colonel of one of the militia regiments of the Lehigh valley, and subsequently brigadier general; elected as a Democrat to the Pennsyl- vania house of representatives in 1850-1851; Demo- crat in politics until 1862, when he became a Re- publican; attended six national Republican con- ventions, either as delegate or alternate; member of every important Republican state convention; delegate at large to the convention to revise the constitution of Pennsylvania 1872-1873; engaged in the mining of anthracite coal; life member of the academy of natural sciences of Philadelphia; member of the society of American mining engi- neers; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third Congress and served from March 4, 1893, until his death in Mauch Chunk, Pa., December 1, 1893. Lincoln, Abraham, a Representative from Illinois; born in Hardin county, Ky., February 12, 1809; moved with parents to a heavily-tim- bered tract of land on Little Pigeon creek, Indiana, in 1816; attended a log-cabin school at short intervals, and was self-instructed in elementary branches; at the age of nineteen was intrusted with a cargo of farm products, which he took to New Orleans and sold; moved with his father to a forest location in Macon county, 111., in 1830, and a little later to an unbroken prairie farm in Coles county, 111.; hired himself to a Sangamon BIOGEAPHIES. 809 county trader named Denton Offut, and assisted in the construction of a flatboat, in trading upon the rivers, and in maintaining a general store in New Salem, Menard county, 111.; read the principles of law and works on surveying, Indian hostilities began and he volunteered in a com- pany of Sangamon county rifles, organized in Richland, 111., April 21, 1832; was elected its captain, and served until May 27, following, when the company was mustered out of service; reen- listed as a private, and served until mustered out June 16, 1832; returned to New Salem, and was defeated as a candidate for the Illinois legislature; entered business as a general merchant in New Salem, but met reverses that were generally at- tributed to his partner. Lincoln then applied himself to the study of the law; postmaster of New Salem 1833-1836; deputy county surveyor 1834-1836; elected to the state legislature in 1834, 1836, 1838, and 1840; declined a renomina- tion; was admitted to the bar in 1836; moved to Springfield, 111., in 1837, and engaged in practice; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); did not seek a renomina- tion; an unsuccessful applicant for commissioner of the general land office under President Taylor; tendered the governorship of Oregon Territory, but declined; unsuccessful Whig candidate for United States Senator before the legislature of 1855; became a leader in the Republican party immediately upon its organization; chosen by his party to oppose Stephen A. Douglas for the United States Senate in 1858, and the debate between the candidates made memorable the campaign in which Douglas was final victor; elected as a Re- publican President of the United States, and was inaugurated March 4, 1861; unanimously renomi- nated in the convention of June 8, 1864, and was inaugurated for a second term March 4, 1865; was shot by J. Wilkes Booth while attending Ford's theater in the city of Washington, D. C., on the night of April 14, 1865, and died the follow- ing day; interment in Oak Ridge cemetery, Springfield, 111., May 4, 1865. Lincoln, Enoch, a Representative from Massa- chusetts and from Maine; born in Worcester, Mass., December 28, 1788; was graduated from Harvard college in 1807 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Salem, Mass., 1811- 1819, and in Paris, Me., 1819-1829; United States district attorney 1815-1818; elected to the Fifteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Albion K. Parris; reelected to the Sixteenth Congress, and served from November 16, 1818, to March 3, 1821; upon Maine becoming a state, was elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1821, until January, 1826, when he resigned; gov- ernor of Maine 1826, 1827, and 1828; declined re- nomination; died in Augusta, Me., Octobers, 1829. Lincoln, Leyi, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Hingham, Mass., May 15, 1749; was graduated from Harvard college in 1772; studied law in Northampton, Mass., joined the minute men in Cambridge at the outbreak of the Revolution; moved to Worcester, Mass., and was clerk of the court and judge of probate for Worces- ter county 1775-1781; was admitted to the bar and practiced in Worcester; delegate in the state constitutional convention; elected to the Conti- nental Congress in 1781, but declined to serve; a state representative in 1796, and a state senator 1797-1798; elected to the Sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Dwight Foster, and served from February 6 to March 3, 1801; Attorney General of the United States in President Jefferson's cabinet March 5, 1801- December 31, 1804, and acting Secretary of State March 5, 1801-May 2, 1801; member of governor's council in 1806; lieutenant governor 1807-1808; acting governor December 10, 1808-May 1, 1809; appointed associate justice of the Supreme Court 01 the United States by President Madison, but forced to decline by reason of failing sight; died in Worcester, Mass., April 14, 1820. Lincoln, Leyi, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Worcester, Mass., October 25, 1782; was graduated from Harvard college in 1802; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in 1805; member of state senate in 1812, and of the house of representatives 1814- 1822, and was speaker in 1822; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1820; elected lieutenant governor in 1823; appointed asso- ciate justice of the supreme court in 1824; gov- ernor 1825-1834; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of John Davis; elected to the Twenty- fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses and served from March 5, 1834, to March 3, 1841; collector of the port of Boston 1841-1843; presi- dent of the state senate in 1845; presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1848; first mayor of Worcester in 1848; was a Republican presidential elector and voted for Abraham Lincoln in 1865; member of numerous historical and agricultural societies; died in Worcester, Mass., May 29, 1868. Lincoln, William Slosson, a- Representative from New York; born in Newark Valley, N. Y., August 13, 1813; attended the common schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; engaged in the leather business; postmaster of Newark Valley 1838-1866; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); engaged in the practice of law in Washington, D. C., and died there April 21, 1893. Lind, John, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Sweden, March 25, 1854; attended the pub- lic schools and the state university of Minneapolis; taught school; studied 'law, and was admitted to the bar in 1877, and practiced in New Ulm, Minn.; appointed receiver of the Tracy land office in 1881; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth, Fifty- first, and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1887- March 3, 1893); served in the Spanish war as quartermaster of the twelfth Minnesota regiment of volunteers; elected governor of Minnesota in 1898 as a Democrat; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905); resumed the practice of law in Minneapolis, Minn.; president of the board of regents or the University of Minnesota. Lindbergh, Charles August, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Sweden, July 20, 1860; came with his parents to the United States, and located in Melrose Minn.; attended Grove Lake academy, Stearns county, Minn., and was gradu- ated from the law department of the University oi Michigan in Ann Arbor; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Little Falls, Minn.; also engaged in agriculture pursuits; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reekcted to the Sixty-second Congress. 810 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Lindley, James Johnston, a Representative from Missouri; born in Mansfield, Ohio, January 1, 1822; moved to Cynthiana, Ky.; attended Wood- ville college, Ohio; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1843; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Palmyra, Mo., March 1, 1846, and commenced practice in Monticello, Mo.; elected circuit attor- ney in 1848 and 1852; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857); moved to Davenport, Iowa, in 1858, and continued in the practice of law; commissioned to investigate the condition of Iowa troops serving in the Civil war; after the war practiced law in Chicago until 1868; removed to St. Louis, Mo.; judge ol the circuit court; moved to Kansas City, Mo.; died in the home of a son in Nevada, Mo., April 18, 1891. Lindsay, George Henry, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, January 7, 1837; moved to Brooklyn in 1843; attended the public schools; engaged in the hotel business; elected to the state assembly 1882-1886; coroner; appointed assistant tax commissioner in 1898; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh, to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Lindsay, William, a Senator from Kentucky; born in Rockbridge county, Va., September 4, 1835; settled in Clinton, Hickman county, Ky., in November, 1854; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Clinton in 1858; served in the Confederate army from July, 1861, till May, 1865, and was captain in the second Tennessee infantry; paroled as prisoner of war at Columbus, Miss.-, May 16, 1865; resumed the prac- tice of law in Clinton, Ky.; elected state senator in August, 1867; elected judge of the Kentucky- court of appeals in August, 1870; served until September, 1878; from September, 1876, until September, 1878, chief justice of the court; prac- ticed law in Frankfort, Ky.; elected state senator in August, 1889; member of the World's Columbian commission from its organization until February 20, 1893; appointed a member of the Interstate Commerce commission in January, 1892, but de- clined ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill the vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of John G. Carlisle; reelected in January, 1894, and served from February 15, 1893, until March 3, 1901; moved to New York City and re- sumed the practice of law; in March, 1901, ap- pointed United States commissioner to the St. Louis exposition; died in Frankfort, Ky., Octo- ber 15, 1909. Lindsey, Stephen D., a Representative from Maine; born in Norridgewock, Me., March 3, 1828; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Norridgewock in 1853; clerk of the judicial courts in Somerset county 1857-1860; member of the state house of representatives in 1856, and of the senate in 1868-1870; president of the senate in 1869; dele- gate in the Republican national conventions of I860 and 1868; member of the executive council of Maine in 1874; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); died in Norridgewock, Me., April 28, 1884. Lindsley, James Girard, a Representative from New York; born in Orange, N. J., March 19, 1819; attended the public schools, Ransom's mili- tary academy, and Pierson'a Orange classical school; trustee of the village of Rondout, N. Y., 1859-1864; elected president of the village of Ron- dout in 1852, 1867, 1868, and 1869; elected super- visor of Kingston, N. Y., in March, 1872, and in April elected the first mayor of Kingston, to which office he was reelected for six consecutive terms; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); died in King- ston, N. Y., December 4, 1898. Lindsley, William Dell, a Representative from Ohio; born in New Haven, Conn., December 25, 1814; attended the common schools; moved to San- dusky, Ohio, and engaged in agricultural pursuits; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); defeated for the Thirty-fourth Congress; died in Perkins, Erie county, Ohio, March 11, 1890. Linn, Archibald Ladley, a Representative from New York; born in New York City October 15, 1802; was graduated from Union college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice in Schenectady, N. Y.; judge of Schenectady county; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); member of the state house of representatives in 1844; died in Schenectady, N. Y., October 10, 1857. Linn, James, a Representative from New Jer- sey; born in Somerset county, N. J., in 1750; was graduated from Princeton college in 1769; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; cap- tain first battalion of Somerset county militia in 1776; first major 1776-1781; member of New Jersey assembly 1776, 1793-1797; elected as a Democrat to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801); appointed by President Jefferson supervisor of the revenue 1801-1809; secretary of state of New Jersey 1809-1821 ; died in Trenton, N. J., December 29, 1820. T.iTm ? John, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Hardwick township, Warren county, N. J., December 3, 1763; moved with his father to Sussex county, N. J.; attended common schools; judge of the court of common pleas 1805-1821 ; elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1817, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 5, 1821; interment in Sussex county, N. J. Linn, Lewis Fields, a Senator from Missouri; born near Louisville, Ky., November 5, 1795; pur- sued an academic course; studied medicine; served in the war of 1812; commenced practice in Ste. Genevieve, Mo. Terr., in 1815; member of the state senate in 1827; appointed in 1832 on the French land-claims commission in Missouri; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alexander Buck- ner; three times reelected, and served from October 25, 1833, until his death in Ste. Genevieve, Mo., October 3, 1843. Linney, Romulus Zachariah, a Representa- tive from North Carolina; born in Rutherford county, N. C., December 26, 1841; attended the common schools, York's collegiate institute, and Doctor Millen's school in Taylorsville, N. C. ; served in the Confederate army until the battle of Chan- cellorsville, where he was severely wounded; returned to Taylorsville and joined a class in Doc- tor Millen's school; studied law, was admitted to the bar by the supreme court in 1868, and practiced BIOGEAPHIES. 811 in Taylorsyille; elected to the state senate in 1870, 1873, and in 1882; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1901); died in Taylors- ville, N. C., April 15, 1910. Linton, William Seelye, a Representative from Michigan; born in St. Glair, Mich., February 4, 1856; moved with his parents to Saginaw, Mich.; attended the public schools; engaged as a store clerk in Farwell, Mich.; member of Bay county board of supervisors; again moved to Saginaw in 1879; en- gaged in the lumber and salt business; elected a member of the East Saginaw common council in 1883, served two terms; representative in the state legislature 1887-1888; candidate for lieutenant governor on the Republican state ticket in 1890; president of the Saginaw water board; mayor of Saginaw 1892-1894; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); appointed postmaster of Sagi- naw, Mich., by President McKinley March 22, 1898, and recommissioned three times; president Saginaw board of trade 1905-1911. Lisle, Marcus Claiborne, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Clark county, Ky., Sep- tember 23, 1862; attended the common schools and Kentucky university; was graduated from Colum- bia college law school, New York; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Winchester, Ky., in 1887; elected county judge of Clark county, Ky., in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- third Congress, and served from March 4, 1893, until his death in Winchester, Ky., July 7, 1894. Litchfield, Elisha, a Representative from New York; born in Canterbury, Conn., July 12, 1785, attended the common schools; learned the car- penter's trade; moved to Pompey (now Delphi), N. Y., in 1812; appointed postmaster; became a merchant; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1819, and again in 1831, 1832, 1833, 1844, and 1848, and served as speaker of the house in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1825); moved to Cazenovia, N. Y., in 1838, and died there, August 4, 1859. Littauer, Lucius Nathan, a Representative from New York; born in Gloversville, N. Y., Jan- uary 20, 1859; moved to New York City in 1865; attended the Charlier institute; was graduated from Harvard university in 1878; member of Harvard university crew and university football team; en- gaged in the glove-manufacturing business in Gloversville; officer and director of many commer- cial and financial institutions; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fifth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1907); delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1904 and 1908 ; regent of the University of the State of New York in 1912; resumed the glove manufacturing business, and resides in Gloversville, N. Y. Little, Edward Preble, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Marshfield, Mass., Novem- ber 7, 1791; attended the public schools; served in the war of 1812; state representative from Marsh- field 1829-1834 and 1835-1838; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Orrin Fowler, and served from December 30, 1852, to March 3, 1853; customs collector at the port of Plymouth, Mass., 1853-1857; died in Lynn, Mass., February 6, 1875. Little, John, a Representative from Ohio; born in Ross township, Greene county, Ohio, April 25, 1837; attended common school, and was graduated from Antioch college in 1862; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1865, and practiced in Xenia, Ohio; twice elected prosecuting attorney of Greene county, 1866 and 1868; elected to the house of rep- resentatives of Ohio, 1869 and 1871; attorney gen- eral of Ohio two terms; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); appointed by President Harrison a member of the United States and Venezuela claims commis- sion in 1889 and was its chairman; member Ohio state board of arbitration ; trustee of Antioch college 1880-1900; died in Xenia, Ohio, October 18, 1900. Little, John Sebastian, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Jenny Lind, Sebastian county, Ark., March 15, 1853; attended the common schools and Cane Hill college, Arkansas; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1874, and practiced in Green- wood, Ark.; elected district attorney in 1877, and reelected for four successive terms; elected a rep- resentative to the legislature in 1884; elected circuit judge for a term of four years in 1886; chosen chair- man of the state judicial convention in 1893 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Clifton R. Breckinridge; reelected to the six succeeding Con- gresses, and served from December 3, 1894, until January 14, 1907, when he resigned to become gov- ernor of Arkansas; after being sworn in as governor in January, 1906, suffered a physical and mental breakdown, from which he had not fully recovered in 1912. Little, Joseph James, a Representative from New York; born in Bristol, England, June 5, 1841; came with his parents to the United States in 1846, and settled in Morris, Otsego county, N. Y.; at- tended the common schools; apprenticed to the local printer, and entered a New York book- printing office to complete his trade; served in the Union army, 1862-1864, as corporal, first sergeant, and first lieutenant; established a printing business in 1867; member of the board of education, and of the New York world's fair committee; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Roswell P. Flower, and served from December 7, 1891, to March 3, 1893; declined a renomination; commis- sioner of education, and president of the board of education in New York City; engaged in the print- ing and publishing business in New York City. Little, Peter, a Representative from Maryland; born in Petersburg, Pa., in 1775; attended the common schools, and became a mechanic; moved to Freedom, Baltimore county, Md.; elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); commissioned colonel of the thirty-eighth Maryland infantry and served from May 19, 1813 to June 15, 1815; reelected to the Fourteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Pinckney; reelected to the Fifteenth, and to the five succeeding Con- gresses, and served from December 2, 1816, to March 3, 1829; died in Freedom, Baltimore county, Md., Februarys, 1830. Littlefleld, Charles Edgar, a Representative from Maine; born in Lebanon, York county, Me., June 21, 1851; attended the common schools and Foxcroft academy ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1876, and practiced in Rockland, Me.; mem- ber of the Maine legislature in 1885, and speaker of 812 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. the house in 1887; attorney general of the state 1889-1893; chairman of the Maine delegation in the Republican national conventions of 1892 and 1896; elected as a Republican to the Fi'fty -sixth Congress June 19, 1899, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Nelson Dingley ; reelected to the Fifty- seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth, and Six- tieth Congresses, and served from December 4, 1899, until September 30, 1908, when he resigned; moved to New York City, and engaged in the practice of law. Littlefield, Nathaniel, Swett, a Representa- tive from Maine; born in Wells, Me., September 20, 1804; attended the common scholos; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Alfred, and in Bridgeton, Me. ; state senator 1831-1839, and president of the senate in 1838; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); and as a Cass Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851) ; state representative in 1854; delegate in the Union convention in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1866; died in Bridgeton, Me., August 15, 1882. Little John, De Witt Clinton, a Representative from New York; born in Bridgewater, Oneida county, N. Y., February 7, 1818; pursued an aca- demic course; engaged in mercantile business and in the manufacture of flour in Oswego, N . Y . ; mayor of the city, 1849-1850; member of the state house of representatives, 1853, 1854, 1855, 1857, 1859, 1860, and 1861, and served five years as speaker of the house, 1859-1861, 1866-1867, and 1870-1871; served in the Civil war; colonel of the one hundred and tenth New York infantry August 25, 1862; brevet brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, "for valuable services during the war;" resigned February 3, 1863; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); again a member or the state house of repre- sentatives, 1866, 1867, 1870, 1871, and 1884; died in Oswego, N. Y., October 27, 1892. Lively, Robert M., a Representative from Texas; born in Fayetteville, Ark., January 6, 1855; moved with his parents to Texas in 1864; attended private schools of eastern Texas; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Kaufman, Kaufman county, Tex., in 1876, and practiced in Canton, Van Zandt county, for many years; county attorney and county judge of Van Zandt county; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Gordon Russell, and served from December 5, 1910, to March 3, 1911; resumed the practice of law in Canton, Tex. LLvermore, Arthur, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Londonderry, N. H., July 26, 1776; received classical instruction from his parents; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Concord and Chester, N. H.; representative and state senator; solicitor for Rock- ingham county 1796-1798; returned to Holderness, N. H., in 1798; associate justice of the superior court 1799-1809; chief justice 1809-1813; associate justice of the state supreme court 1813-1816; presi- dential elector on the Federalist ticket in 1800; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth and Six- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821); reelected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823 1823-March 3, 1825); judge of probate for Grafton county 1822-1823; chief justice of the court of common pleas 1825-1833; died in Campton, N. H., July 1, 1853. Livermore, Edward St. Joe, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Portsmouth, N. H. T April 5, 1762 ; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Concord, N. H., in 1783, and later prac- ticed in Portsmouth, N. H.; United States dis- trict attorney 1789-1797; state solicitor for Rock- ingham county 1791-1793; associate justice of the state supreme court 1797-1799; naval officer for port of Portsmouth 1799-1802; moved to Newber- ryport, Mass., in 1802; elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1811); moved to Boston, Mass., in 1811, to Zanes- ville, Ohio, in 1815, back to Boston, and then to Tewksbury, Mass., where he died September 15. 1832. Livermore, Samuel, a Delegate, a Representa- tive, and a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Walthem, Mass., May 14, 1732; was graduated from Nassau Hall, Princeton, N. J., in 1752; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1756, and com- menced practice in Waltham, Mass.; moved to Portsmouth, N. H., in 1758; member of the general court from Londonderry 1768-1770; moved to Holderness in 1775; state attorney for three years; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1780 to his resignation, June 21, 1782, and again in 1785; chief justice of the state supreme court 1782-1789; elected to the First and Second Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1793); president of the state constitutional convention of 1791; elected, and reelected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1793, until his resignation June 12, 1801; died in Holderness, N. H., May 18, 1803. de Nevenais (Livernash), Edward James, a Representative from California; born in Lower Calveritas, a California mining camp, February 14, 1866; attended common schools; became a printer at fifteen, and a year later founded a coun- try newspaper; studied law and was admitted to the bar; joined the editorial staff of the San Fran- cisco Examiner; elected as a Democrat, indorsed by the Union Labor party, to the Fifty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905); located in Denver, Colo., and was editor of the Denver News; moved to Belmont, near San Francisco, Cal., and engaged in literary pursuits. By a decree of court, after his Congressional service, he resumed the French form of the family name. Livingston, Edward, a Representative from New York, and a Representative and Senator from Louisiana; born in Clermont, Livingston Manor, N. Y., May 26, 1764; was graduated from Princeton college in 1781; studied law in Albany, N. Y., was admitted to the bar in 1785, and commenced prac- tice in New York City; elected as a Democrat from New York to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1801); United States district attorney March 27, 1801, to July 25, 180*3; mayor of New York City 1801-1803; moved to New Orleans, La., in 1804, and engaged in the practice of law, and in the real estate busi- ness; author of a legal code for Louisiana; served at the battle of New Orleans upon the staff of Gen- eral Jackson; in 1815; member of the state legis- lature in 1820; elected as a Democrat from Louisi- ana to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1829); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1829, until May 24, 1831, when he resigned; Sec- retary of State May 24, 1831, to May 29, 1833; minister plenipotentiary to France May 29, 1833, BIOGEAPHIES. 813 to April 28, 1835; inherited from his sister "Mont- gomery Place" on the Hudson river, Barrytown, Duchess county, N.Y., and died there May 23, 1836 Livingston, Henry Walter, a Representative from New York; born in Linlithgo, N. Y., in 1768; was graduated from Yale college in 1786; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in New York City; private secretary to Gouverneur Morris, minister plenipotentiary to Paris, France, 1792-1794; judge of the court of common pleas of Columbia county, N. Y.; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1802 and 1810; elected to the Eighth and Ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1807); died in Livingston Manor, Linlithgo, N. Y., December 22, 1810. Livingston, Leonidas Felix, a Representative from Georgia; born in Newton county, Ga., April 3, 1832; attended the common schools; engaged in farming; private soldier in the Confederate army from August, 1861, to May, 1865; reengaged in farming in Kings county, Ga.; elected to the state house of representatives 1876-1877; and 1879-1881; member of the state senate 1882-1883; vice presi- dent of the Georgia state agricultural society for eleven years, and president four years; president of the Georgia state alliance for three years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second, and to the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1911); died in Washington, D. C., February 11, 1912. Livingston, Philip, a Delegate from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., January 15, 1716; was graduated from Yale college in 1737; merchant in New York City; alderman 1754-1762; member of the provincial house of representatives 1763-1769, and served as speaker in 1768; member of the New York committee of correspondence; delegate in the Stamp Act congress of October, 1765; regis- ter in chancery 1768-1769; Delegate in the Conti- nental Congress 1774-1778; a signer of the Decla- ration of Independence; president of the New York provincial convention in 1775; member of the state house of representatives in 1776; served in the state senate 1777; prominent in commercial and educational societies; died while attending the sixth session of the Continental Congress in York, Pa., June 12 3 1778. Livingston, Robert Le Roy, a Representative from New York; born in Claverack, Columbia county, N. Y.; was graduated from Princeton col- lege in 1784 ; elected as a Federalist to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1809, to May 6, 1812, when he resigned; was com- missioned first lieutenant of the twelfth United States infantry January 14, 1799; honorably dis- charged June 15, 1800; participated in the War of 1812; lieutenant colonel of the twenty -third infan- try May 29, 1812; resigned February 1, 1813. Livingston, Robert R., a Delegate from New York; born in New York City, November 27, 1746; was graduated from King's college in 1765; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1773, and com- menced practice in New York City; city recorder 1773-1775; member of the provincial convention of 1775; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1775- 1777 and 1779-1781; one of the committee of five appointed to draw up the Declaration of Independ- ence, but returned to duties in the provincial assembly before it was signed; secretary of foreign affairs August, 1781, to August, 1783; delegate to the state constitutional convention in April, 1777; chancellor of New York state 1777-1801, and admin- istered the oath of office to President Washington, April 30, 1789; defeated- by John Jay for governor of New York in 1798; minister plenipotentiary to France 1801-1804; prominent in local affairs; assisted Robert Fulton and was his backer and partner in constructing the first steamboats; died in Clermont, N. Y., February 26, 1813. Livingston, Walter, a Delegate from New York ; born in 1740; delegate in the provincial conven- tion held in New York in April and May, 1775; deputy to the first provincial congress, May to November, 1775; judge of Albany county 1774- 1775; member of the state house of representatives 1777-1779; and served as speaker; member of the New York and Massachusetts boundary commis- sion in 1784; regent of the university of New York 1784-1787; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1784-1785; appointed commissioner of the United States treasury in 1785; died in New York City May 14, 1797. Livingston, William, a Delegate from New Jer- sey; born in Albany, N. Y., November 30, 1723; was graduated from Yale college in 1741; studied law, was admitted to the bar October 14, 1748, and commenced practice in New York; established and edited the Independent Reflector in 1752; a com- missioner to adjust the boundary line beween New York and Massachusetts in 1754, and subsequently between New York and New Jersey in 1764; mem- ber of the provincial assembly from Livingston Manor 1759-1761; moved to Elizabeth town, N. J., in 1772; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1774- 1776; brigadier general of militia in 1775; ap- pointed one of the commissioners to superintend the construction of Federal buildings in 1785, but declined, as he did the appointment to be minister to The Hague, tendered June 23, 1785; governor of New Jersey 1776-1790; delegate to the Federal con- stitutional convention in 1787; died in Elizabeth, N. J., July 25, 1790. Lloyd, Edward, a Delegate from Maryland; born in "Wye House," Talbot county, Md., De- cember 15, 1744; member of the lower house in the general assembly of Maryland in 1771 and 1773; member of the provisional committee and commit- tee of safety for the eastern shore in 1775; member of the house of delegates 1777, of the governor's council, 1777-1779; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1783-1784; died in ' 'Wye House, " Talbot county, Md., July 8, 1796. Lloyd, Edward, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland; born in Talbot county, Md., July 22, 1779; member of state assembly 1800-1805; elected to the Ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph H. Nicholson; re- elected to the Tenth Congress, and served from December 3, 1806, to March 4, 1809; governor of Maryland 1809-1811; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1819, until Janu- ary, 1826, when he resigned; president of the state senate 1826-1831; died in Annapolis, Md., June 2, 1834. Lloyd, James, a Senator from Maryland; native of Maryland; pursued classical studies; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Henry, and served from January 11, 1797, until his resignation, December 1, 1800. 814 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. Lloyd, James, a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., in 1769; was graduated from Harvard college in 1787; became a merchant, and was interested in foreign trade; returned to Boston; a representative in the state legislative body 1800- 1801, and a state senator in 1804; elected as a Feder- alist to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Quincy Adams; reelected, and served from June 9, 1808, to May 1, 1813, when he resigned; again elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Harrison Gray Otis; reelected, and served from June 5, 1822, to May 23, 1826, when he resigned; moved to Philadelphia, Pa., in 1826; died in New York City, April 5, 1831. Lloyd, James Tilghman, a Representative from Missouri; born in Canton, Lewis county, Au- gust 28, 1857; was graduated from Christian univer- sity in Canton, Mo., in 1878; taught school; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Lewis county, Mo., 1883-1885; moved to Shelby- ville, Mo., in 1885; prosecuting attorney of Shelby county 1889-1893; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Richard P. Giles, which occurred before the beginning of the Congress; reelected to the Fifty-sixth, and to the five succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1897, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty -second Congress. Loan, Benjamin Franklin, a Representative from Missouri; born in Hardinsburg, Ky., October 4, 1819; pursued an academic course; studied law in Kentucky; moved to St. Joseph, Mo., in 1838; was admitted to the bar in 1840, and practiced in St. Joseph; served in the Union army; commis- sioned brigadier general of Missouri state militia in the service of the United States November 27, 1861 ; honorably discharged June 8, 1863; elected as an Emancipationist to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867); and as a Radical to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); appointed by President Grant a visitor to the United States military acad- emy in 1869; died in St. Joseph, Mo., March 30, 1881. Locke, John, a Representative from Massachu- setts; born in Hopkinton, Mass., February 14, 1764; attended Andover academy and Dartmouth col- lege, and was graduated from Harvard college in 1792; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Ashby in 1796; member of the state house of representatives 1804-1805, 1813, and 1823; delegate in the state constitutional con- vention of 1820; elected to the Eighteenth, Nine- teenth, and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1823- March 3, 1829); member of state senate in 1830, and of the executive council in 1831; moved to Lowell, Mass., in 1837, and to Boston in 1849; died in Boston, Mass., March 29, 1855. Locke, Matthew, a Representative from North Carolina; born near Salisbury, Rowan county, N. C., in 1730; treasury commissioner of the colony of North Carolina in 1771; member of the house of commons of North Carolina 1775-1793; of the state constitutional convention in 1776; a brigadier gen- eral of North Carolina troops during the Revolu- tionary war; elected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1799); defeated for the Sixth Congress; died in Salisbury, N. C., September 7, 1801. Lockhart. James, a Representative from Indi- ana; born in Auburn, N. Y., February 13, 1806; moved to Indiana in 1832; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Evansville, Ind., in 1834; prosecuting attorney of Vanderburg county 1841-1842; judge of the fourth judicial district 1845-1851; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1850; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); reelected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, but died before the assembling of the Congress, in Evansville, Ind., September 7, 1857. Lockhart, James Alexander, a Representa- tive from North Carolina; born in Anson county, N. C., June 2, 1850; attended country schools, and was graduated from Trinity college, North Carolina, June, 1873; studied law in Charlotte, N. C., and was licensed to practice in 1874; settled in Wades- boro, where he practiced his profession; mayor in 1875; elected to the house of representatives of the general assembly in 1878, and to the state senate in 1880; presented credentials as a Democratic mem- ber-elect to the Fifty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1895, to June 5, 1896, when he was succeeded by Charles H. Martin, who contested his election; resumed the practice of law in Wades- boro, N. C.; died in Charlotte, N. C., December 24, 1905. Lockwood, Daniel Newton, a Representative from New York; born in Hamburg, Erie county, N. Y., June 1, 1844; was graduated from Union col- lege, Schenectady, N. Y., in 1865; studied law, was admitted to the bar in May, 1866, and practiced in Buffalo, N. Y.; district attorney for Erie county 1874-1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1880, 1884, and 1896; United States attorney for the northern district of New York from October, 1886, to June, 1889, when he resigned; reelected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Buffalo, N. Y.; general manager from New York at the Pan American exposition in 1901; died in Buffalo, N. Y., June 1, 1906. Lodge, Henry Cabot, a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., May 12, 1850; attended a private school, and was graduated from Harvard college in 1871; studied law in the Harvard law school, and was graduated in 1875; admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1876; in the same year received the degree of Ph. D. from Har- vard university for his thesis on "The Land Law of the Anglo-Saxons; " devoted himself largely to lit- erature; published, 1877, Life and Letters of George Cabot; 1881, Short History of the English Colonies in America; 1882, Life of Alexander Hamilton; 1883, Life of Daniel Webster; 1885, edited the works of Alexander Hamilton in nine volumes; published, in 1886, Studies in History; 1889, Life of Washington, two volumes; 1891, History of Bos- ton (in the Historic Towns Series, published by the Longmans); 1892, Historical and Political Essays, and a volume of selections from speeches; 1895, in conjunction with Theodore Roosevelt, Hero Tales , from American History; 1897, Certain Acceptde Heroes, and other essays; 1898, Story of the Revo- lution, two volumes; 1899, Story of the Spanish War; 1902, A Fighting Frigate, and other essays; member of the Massachusetts historical society, of the Virginia historical society, of the American academy of arts and sciences, of the New England BIOGRAPHIES. 815 historic and genealogical society, and of the Ameri- can antiquarian society; received the degree of doctor of laws from Williams college, Clark univer- sity, Yale, and Harvard; permanent chairman of the Republican national convention which met in Philadelphia June 19, 1900; served two terms as member of the house of representatives of the Massa- chusetts legislature; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty -second Congresses and served from March 4, 1887, to March 3, 1893, when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate January 17, 1893; reelected in 1899, 1905, and in 1911 for the term expiring March 4, 1917; was chairman of the committee on resolutions in the Republican national convention in Chicago, 1904, and permanent chairman of the Republican national convention of 1908. Lofland, James Rush, a Representative from Delaware; born in Milford, Del., November 2, 1823; was graduated from Delaware college in 1845; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Milford; secretary of the state senate in 1849; member of the state constitutional convention of 1853; secretary of state of Delaware 1855-1859; paymaster in the United States army 1863-1867; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died in Milford, Kent county, Del., February 10, 1894. Logan, George, a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Stenton, Pa., September 9, 1753; pursued classical studies ; was graduated from the Edinburg medical school in 1779; devoted himself to scien- tific farming; state representative; appointed, and subsequently elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Peter Muhlenburg, and served from July 13, 1801, to March 3, 1807; went to England in 1810, upon a private diplomatic mission; pub- lished several agricultural pamphlets; died in Stenton, near Philadelphia, Pa., April 9, 1821. Logan, Henry, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born near Dillsburg, in Monaghan town- ship, York county, Pa., April 14, 1784; attended district school; volunteered for the defense of Baltimore in 1814; captain in the nineteenth regi- ment, second brigade, fifth division of Pennsyl- vania militia; lieutenant colonel August 1, 1814; member of the state house of representatives 1818- 1819; state senator 1828-1831; elected as a Jack- son Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); county commissioner 1840; died upon the Logania plantation, near Dillsburg, Pa., December 26, 1866. Logan, John Alexander, a Representative and a Senator from Illinois; born in Murphysboro, Jackson county, 111., February 9, 1826; attended the common schools; was graduated from the Louisville university; served in the war with Mexico; second lieutenant of the first Illinois infantry May 10, 1847; honorably mustered out October 16, 1848; returned to Illinois; elected clerk of the Jackson county court in 1849; studied law, was graduated from the law department of Louis- ville university in 1851, was admitted to the bar in 1852, and practiced; elected to the legislature of Illinois in 1852, 1853, 1856, and 1857; prosecuting attorney for the third judicial district of Illinois 1853-1857; presidential elector in 1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1859, until April 2, 1862, when he resigned and entered the Union army; colonel of the thirty -first Illinois Infantry September 18, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers March 21, 1862; major general of vol- unteers November 29, 1862; resigned August 17, 1865; appointed minister to Mexico in 1865, but declined ; reelected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877; resumed the practice of law in Chicago; again elected to the United States Senate in 1879; reelected, and served from March 4, 1879, until his death; was the Republican nominee for vice President on the ticket with James G. Blaine in 1884; died at his home, Calumet Place, Washing- ton, D. C., December 26, 1886. Logan, William, a Senator from Kentucky; born within the fort at Harrod's Fort, Ky., Decem- ber 8, 1776; spent early childhood in the fort at St. Asaphs, receiving private instruction from parents and tutors; moved with parents to Shelby county, Ky., about 1798; studied law and was admitted to the bar; delegate to the state consti- tutional convention in 1799; member of the state house of representatives and chosen speaker two terms 1803-1806, and 1808-1809; twice chosen judge of the court of appeals, and served 1808- 1812; a presidential elector in 1809, 1813, and 1817; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1819, until 1820, when he resigned to become a candidate for governor; was defeated for governor; died in Harrodsburg, Ky., Augusts, 1822. Long, Alexander, a Representative from Ohio; born in Greenville, Pa., December 24, 1816; re- ceived an academic training; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Cincinnati, Ohio; state representative 1848-1849; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1864, 1868, 1872, and 1876; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, November 28, 1886. Long, Chester Isaiah, a Representative and a Senator from Kansas; born in. Perry county, Pa., October 12, 1860; moved with his parents to Dayiess county, Mo., in 1865, where he resided until 1879, when he removed to Paola, Kans.; pursued an academic course; studied law and was admitted to the bar March 4, 1885, and located in Medicine Lodge in the practice of his profession; elected to the state senate in 1889; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); reelected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1899, until March 3, 1905; when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1903, to March 3, 1909; resumed the practice of law in Medicine Lodge, Kans.; moved to Wichita, Kans., in Au- gust, 1911, and engaged in the practice of law. Long, Edward H., a Representative from Mary- land; born in Princess Anne county, Md., Sep- tember 28, 1808; was graduated from Yale college in 1828; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Princess Anne county; state representative; elected as a WTiig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); died in Somerset county, Md., October 16, 1865. 816 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Long, Jefferson F., a Representative from Georgia; a resident of Macon. Ga.; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress, upon the readmission of Georgia to representation; qualified under the act of July 2, 1862; took his seat January 16, 1871, and served until March 3, 1871. Long, John, a Representative from North Caro- lina; born in Loudoun county, Va., February 26, 1785; moved with parents to North Carolina; attended public schools, and became a farmer in Randolph county, N. C.; state representative in 1811, and a state senator 1814-1815; elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twen- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1829); died in Longs Mill (now Liberty), Randolph county, N. C., August 11, 1857. Long, John Benjamin, a Representative from Texas; born in Douglas, Nacogdoches county, Tex., September 8, 1843; moved with his parents to Rusk, Tex., in 1846; attended common schools; served in the Confederate army in company C of the third Texas cavalry; was twice severely wounded; became a planter after the war; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); editor of the Industrial Press in Rusk, Tex. Long, John Davis, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Buckfield, Oxford county, Me., October 27, 1838; attended the common schools at Buckfield and Hebron academy, Maine; was graduated from Harvard college in 1857; taught school two years in Westford academy, Massachusetts; studied law at the Harvard law school and in private offices; admitted to the bar and practiced ; member of the Massachusetts house of representatives 1875-1878, served the last three years as speaker of the house; lieutenant governor of Massachusetts in 1879; governor of Massachusetts in 1880, 1881, and 1882; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889); Secre- tary of the Navy from March 5, 1897, until his resignation, May 1, 1902; resumed practice of law in Boston, with residence in Hingham, Mass.; president of overseers of Harvard university and of the Author's Club of Boston. Long, Pierse, a Delegate from New Hampshire; born in Portsmouth, N. H., in 1739; completed preparatory studies; engaged in the shipping busi- ness; delegate in the provincial congress of New Hampshire in 1775; served in the Revolutionary war as colonel of the first New Hampshire regiment, and participated in the engagements . at Ticon- derpga, and points on lakes George and Cham- plain; was present at the surrender of Burgoyne at Saratoga; bre vetted a brigadier general; Dele- gate 'in the Continental Congress 1784-1786; state councilor 1786-1789; delegate in the state con- stitutional convention of 1788; appointed by President Washington customs collector for the port of Portsmouth, N. H., in January, 1789, but unable to assume the duties of the office; died in Portsmouth, N. H., April 3, 1789. Longfellow, Stephen, a Representative from Maine; born in Gorham, Mass, (now Maine), June 23, 1775; was graduated from Harvard college in 1798; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1801, and commenced practice in Portland, Me., in 1801; representative in the general court of Massachusetts 1814-1815; delegate in the Hart- ford convention of 1814-1815; a King presidential elector in 1816; elected as a Federalist to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); member of the Maine legislature in 1826; overseer of Bowdoin college 1811-1817; trustee 1817-1836; president of the Maine Historical Society in 1834; died in Portland, Me., August 2, 1849. Longnecker, Henry Clay, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Allen township, Cum- berland county. Pa., April 17, 1820; was graduated from the Norwich military academy of Vermont, and from Lafayette college, Pennsylvania; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the Mexican war as first lieutenant, captain, and adjutant in all principal engagements under General Scott; was wounded in the battle of Chapultepec, September 13, 1847; returned to Pennsylvania; district attorney of Lehigh county in 1848-1850; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); participated in organizing Pennsylvania troops and served in the Union army as colonel of the ninth Pennsylvania volunteers; resumed the practice of law in Allentown, Pa., in 1865; associate judge of Lehigh county in 1867; died in Allen- town, Pa., September 16, 1871. Longworth, Nicholas, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, November 5, 1869; attended Franklin school in Cincinnati; was graduated from Harvard university 1891; spent one year at Harvard law school, and was graduated from the Cincinnati law school in 1894; was admit"- ted to the bar in 1894 and practiced in Cincinnati, Ohio; member of the school board of Cincinnati 1898; elected to the Ohio house of representatives 1899, and to the Ohio senate in 1901; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Six- tieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1911). Reflected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Longyear, John Wesley, a Representative from Michigan; born in Shandaken, N. Y., Octo- ber 22, 1820; pursued classical studies in the Lima, N. Y., academy; taught school for several years; moved to Mason, Ingham county, Mich., in 1844, and taught school; studied law, was admitted to the Ingham county bar in 1846; removed to Lan- sing, Mich., in 1847, and engaged in the practice of law; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867); delegate in the Loyalist convention in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1866, and in the state constitutional convention of 1867; ap- pointed by President Grant judge of the district court of the United States for the eastern district of Michigan February 7, 1870; died in Detroit, Mich., March 10, 1875. Loomis, Andrew W., a Representative from Ohio; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1837, to October 20, 1837, when he resigned. Loomis, Arphaxed, a Representative from New York: born in Winsted, Conn., April 9, 1798; moved with his parents to New York in 1801, where they settled upon a farm in the town of Salisbury, Herkimer county; attended county school and Fairfield academy, Fairfield, N. Y.; studied law; was admitted to the bar in Albany in January, 1822, and practiced in Sacketts Harbor 1822-1824, in Salisbury in 1825, and then took up a permanent residence in Little Falls, N. Y., March 4, 1825; surrogate of Herkimer county 1828-1836; commis- BIOGKAPHIES. 817 sioner to investigate the government and disci- pline of the state prisons in 1834; first judge of the county 1835-1837; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); representative in the state legislature 1841- 1842, and 1853-1854; member of the state consti- tutional convention of 1846; member of the com- mission to revise, abridge, and simplify pleadings and proceedings in civil actions, in 1847; delegate in the Democratic state conventions of 1861 and 1863; died in Little Falls, N. Y., September 15, 1885. Loomis, Dwight, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Columbia, Conn., July 27, 1821; attended the common schools; studied law in the New Haven law school, was a'dmitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Rockville, Conn.; member of the state house of representatives in 1851; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859- March 3, 1863); appointed judge of the supreme court of the state; died near Waterbary, Conn., September 17, 1903. Lord, Frederick William, a Representative from New York; born in Lyme, Conn., December 11, 1800; was graduated from Yale college in 1821; taught school; studied medicine, was admitted to practice, and commenced practice in Sag Harbor, N. Y.; moved to Greenport, N. Y.; elected to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); died in New York City, May 24, 1860. Lord, Henry William, a Representative from Michigan; born in Northampton, Mass., March 8, 1821; pursued an academic course; moved to De- troit, Mich., in 1839; four years later went to Pontiac, Mich., and engaged in farming and mer- cantile business; returned to Detroit, Mich.; ap- pointed United States consul to Manchester, Eng- land, in 1861, and served until his resignation in 1867; Republican presidential elector in 1876; served on the state board of corrections and chari- ties; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); appointed by President Arthur register of the United States land office at Creelsburgh, Dak., December 6, 1883; died in Butte, Mont., January 25, 1891. Lord, Scott, a Representative from New York; born in Nelson, Madison county, N. Y., December 20, 1820; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Utica, N. Y.; judge of Livingston county 1847- 1856; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); defeated for reelection to the Forty-fifth Congress; died in Morris Plains, N. J., September 10, 1885. Lore, Charles Brown, a Representative from Delaware; born in Odessa, Del., March 16, 1831; attended the public schools, Middletown acad- emy, Delaware, arid was graduated from Dickinson college, Pennsylvania, in June, 1852; studied law and was admitted to the bar of Newcastle county, Del., in 1861; clerk of the house of representatives of Delaware in 1857; commissioner of the draft for Newcastle county, Del., 1862; attorney-general of Delaware, 1869-1874; presidential elector in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); presidential elector in 1892; appointed chief justice of the supreme court of Delaware in 1893; reappointed in 1897 for a term of twelve years, but retired in 1909; member of revised code commis- 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 52 sion, 1909-1910; died in Wilmington, Del., March 6, 1911; interment in Odessa, Del. Lorimer, William, a Representative and a Senator from Illinois; born in Manchester, Eng- land, April 27, 1861; never attended school; came with parents to the United States in 1866, and settled in Michigan; moved to Ohio, and subse- quently to Chicago, 111.; assistant superintendent of the city water main extension department; was later appointed superintendent; engaged in the contracting business; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1901); reelected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses and served from March 4, 1903, until June 7, 1909, when he resigned; pre- sented credentials as a Senator-elect to the United States Senate for the term commencing March 3, 1909, and served from June 18, 1909, until July 6, 1912, when the Senate adopted a resolution de- claring "that corrupt methods and practices were employed in hib election, and that the election therefore was invalid;" resumed business activi- ties, and engaged in banking in Chicago, 111. Loiing, George Bailey, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in North Andover, Mass., No- vember 8, 1817; attended Franklin academy, in Andover, and was graduated from Harvard univer- sity in 1838; appointed surgeon of the marine hos- pital in Chelsea, Mass., in 1843; surgeon of the seventh regiment M. V. M. 1842-1844; appointed commissioner to revise the United States marine hospital system in 1849; appointed postmaster of Salem, Mass., in 1853; member of the Massachu- setts house of representatives 1866-1867 ; president of the state senate 1873-1876; delegate in the Re- publican national conventions of 1868, 1872, and 1876 ; appointed United States centennial commis- sioner for the state of Massachusetts in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881; died in Salem, Mass., September 13, 1891. Loud, Eugene Francis, a Representative from California; born in Abington, Mass., March 12, 1847; went to sea and settled in California; en- listed in California cavalry battalion in 1862; which formed a part of the second Massachusetts cavalry; with the Army of the Potomac and with Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley until the close of the war; returned to California; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in San Francisco, Cal.; clerk in the customs ser- vice ; member of the state legislature in 1884 ; cashier of city and county of San Francisco; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1903); defeated for reelection to the Fifty-eighth Congress; died in San Francisco, Cal., December 19, 1908. Loud, George Alvin, a Representative from Michigan; born in Bracebridge, Ohio, June 18, 1852; moved with his parents to Massachusetts, and again changed residence to Au Sable, Mich., in 1866; attended the English high school (military), Boston, Mass.; Professor Patterson's school, De- troit, and was graduated from the Ann Arbor high school ; vice president and general manager of the Au Sable & Northwestern railroad ; for four years, by appointment, was a colonel upon Governor Pin- gree's staff; was paymaster on the United States revenue cutter McCulloch, which participated in the battle of Manila Bay; elected as a Republi- 818 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. can to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Louden, Frank Orren, a Representative from Illinois; born in Sunrise City, Minn., January 26, 1861; attended the public schools of Iowa, was graduated from the Iowa state university and the Union college of law, Chicago, in 1887; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Chicago, 111., moved to Oregon, 111., in 1903; member of the Re- publican national committee from Illinois in 1904, and was a member of the executive committee during the campaign of that year; assigned to west- ern headquarters in Chicago, 111.; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Robert R. Hitt; reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from December 3, 1906, to March 3, 1911; after leaving Congress engaged in agricultural pur- suits near Oregon, 111. Loudenslager, Henry Clay, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Mauricetown, Cumber- land county, N. J., May 22, 1852; moved with his parents to Paulsboro, N. J., in 1856; attended the common schools; engaged in the produce commis- sion business in Philadelphia, Pa., from 1872 to 1882; elected county clerk of Gloucester county, N. J., in 1882 and reelected in 1887; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty- third, and to the nine suc- ceeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1893, until his death in Paulsboro, N. J., August 12, 1911. Loughridge, William, a Representative from Iowa; born in Youngstown, Ohio, July 11, 1827; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Mansfield, Ohio, in 1849; moved to Iowa in 1852; member of the state senate 1857-1860; judge of the sixth judicial circuit 1861-1867; elected as a Re- publican to the Fortieth and Forty -first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); reelected to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died near Reading, Pa., September 26, 1889. Lounsbery, William, a Representative from New York; born in Stone Ridge, N. Y., December 25, 1831; was graduated from Rutger's college in 1851; attended the law department of the New York university in Albany, N. Y.; was admitted to the bar in 1853, and engaged in practice; com- missary of the twentieth regiment of New York militia, with the rank of first lieutenant, during its three months' service; member of the state assem- bly in 1868; elected mayor of Kingston in March, 1878, for the term of two years; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879- March 3, 1881); died in Kingston, N. Y., November 8, 1905. Louttit, James Alexander, a Representative from California; born in New Orleans, La., October 16, 1848; moved with his parents to California in 1849; attended the public schools and the state normal school; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1869; settled in Stockton, Cal., in 1871 and practiced law; city attorney, 1871-1879; elected as a Republican to the Forty -ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); resumed the prac- tice of law in Stockton, Cal. ; died in Pacific Grove, Cal., July 26, 1906; interment in Stockton, Cal. Love, James, a Representative from Ken- tucky; attended the public schools; elected to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835). Love, John, a Representative from Virginia; pursued an academic course; elected as a Democrat to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1811); died August 17, 1822. Love, Peter Early, a Representative from Georgia; born near Dublin, Ga., July 7, 1818; was graduated from Franklin college; studied medicine in Philadelphia, Pa., and then law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice of the latter in Thomasville, Ga., in 1839; solicitor general of the southern district of Georgia in 1843; elected judge in 1853; member of the state senate, 1849; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1859, until his retirement, January 23, 1861; resumed the practice of law in Thomasville, Ga.; member of the Georgia legis- lature 1861; died in Thomasville, Ga., November 8, 1866. Love, Thomas Cutting, a Representative from New York; born in Cambridge, N. Y., November 30, 1789; served as a volunteer in the war of 1812; wounded and taken prisoner at the battle of Fort Erie, September 17, 1814; taken to Quebec and kept imprisoned till close of war; went to Batavia, N. Y., and later to Buffalo; judge of Erie county in 1828-1829 ; district attorney 1829-1835, and surrogate 1841-1845; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); died in Buffalo, N. Y., September 17, 1853. Love, William Carter, a Representative from North Carolina; was born in Virginia about 1794; attended the University of Virginia; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Salis- bury, N. C.; elected as a Democrat to the Four- teenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817). Love William Franklin, a Representative from Mississippi; born near Liberty, Amite county, Miss., March 29, 1852; attended the common schools and the University of Mississippi; engaged in agriculture; elected to the state house of repre- sentatives for ten years; member of the state senate for eight years; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress, and served from March 4, 1897, until his death, in Gloster, Miss., October 16, 1898. Lovejoy, Owen, a Representative from Illinois; born in Albion, Me., January 6, 1811; was gradu- ated from Bowdoin college; studied theology; moved to Alton, 111., in 1836; pastor of the Congre- gational church in Princeton, 111., 1839-1856; member of the state house of representatives in 1854; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1857, until his death, in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 25, 1864. Lovell, James, a Delegate from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., October 31, 1737; attended the public latin schools; master of the Eliot school; was graduated from Harvard college in 1756; taught in the Boston Latin school; imprisoned by General Howe during the Revolutionary war and conveyed to Halifax 1775-1776; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1776-1782; receiver of continental taxes 1784-1788; customs collector of Boston, Mass., 1788-1789; naval officer in Boston and Charleston until his death in Windham, Me., July 14, 1814. Levering, Henry Bacon, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Portsmouth, N. H., April 8, 1841; attended the common schools of BIOGRAPHIES. 819 Lynn, Mass.; enlisted in 1862 in the eighth regi- ment Massachusetts volunteer infantry, and served out his term; reenlisted in the third Massachusetts cavalry; lost a leg at the battle of Winchester; elected a member of the state house of represent- atives in 1872 and 1874; assessor in 1879-1880; mayor of Lynn in 1881 and 1882; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); unsuccessful Democratic candidate for governor in 1887 ; United States marshal for Massachusetts, 1888-1891; war- den of the state prison, 1891-1893; United States pension agent, Boston, 1894-1898; sealer of weights and measures for the city of Boston, Mass., 1902- 1905; died in Wakefield, Mass., April 5, 1911. Levering, William Croyade, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Woonsocket, R. I., February 25, 1835; attended the Cambridge high school and the Hopkins classical school; engaged in cotton manufacturing; served during the Civil war as engineer at Fortress Monroe; retired from the service an invalid; member of the state senate 1874-1875; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1880; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1897, until his death, in Washington, D. C., February 4, 1910; interment in Taunton, Mass. Lovett, John, a Representative from New York; native of Norwich, Conn.; was graduated from Yale college; moved to Albany, N. Y.; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1800 and 1801; county clerk; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); died in Ohio in 1818. Low, Frederick Ferdinand, a Representative from California; born in Frankfort (now Winter- port), Me., June 30, 1828; attended Hampden acad- emy; engaged in the shipping business in San Francisco, Cal., in 1849; moved to Marysville, Cal., in 1854; engaged in banking until 1861; elected as a Republican to the Thirty -seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); appointed collector of San Francisco in 1863, and later in the year elected governor of California, and served until 1867; United States minister to China 1869-1874; died in San Francisco, Cal., July 21, 1894. Low, Isaac, a Delegate from New York; born in Raritan Landing, near New Brunswick, N. J., April 13, 1731; active in pre-Revolutionary mat- ters; moved to Montgomery, N. Y.; delegate to the stamp act Congress in 1765; Delegate in the Con- tinental Congress, 1774-1775; member of the pro- vincial congress, 1775; accused of treason and was arrested in 1776; one of the founders and president of the New York chamber of commerce, 1775-1783; property was confiscated and he was exiled, going to England, where he died in Cowes, Isle of Wight, July 25, 1791. Low, Philip Burrill, a Representative from New York; born in Chelsea, Mass., May 6, 1836; was graduated from the high school; volunteered and was appointed acting ensign in the United States Navy and served in the North Atlantic squadron during 1862-1863; resigned and entered commercial circles in Boston, Mass., until 1865, when he moved to New York City; identified with the shipping and maritime interests; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); defeated for reelection to the Fifty-sixth Congress. Lowe, David. P., a Representative from Kansas; born in Oneida county, N. Y., August 22, 1823; was graduated from the Cincinnati law college in 1851 ; was admitted to the bar and commenced prac- tice in Cincinnati, Ohio; moved to Kansas in 1861; member of the state senate, 1863-1864; judge of the sixth judicial district 1867-1871; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); chief justice of Utah Territory; returned to Fort Scott, Kans., where he died. Lowe, William Manning, a Representative from Alabama; born in Huntsville, Ala., June 12, 1842; attended the schools of Florence, Ala., the University of Tennessee, and the University of Virginia; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Huntsville, Ala.; served as private, captain, and lieutenant colonel in the Confederate army; member of the state legislature in 1870; delegate to the state constitutional con- vention of 1875; solicitor of the fifth judicial cir- cuit 1865-1868; elected as a Greenback-Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); successfully contested the election of Joseph Wheeler to the Forty-seventh Congress, and served from June 3, 1882, until his death in "The Grove," Huntsville, Ala., October 12, 1882. Lowell, John, a Delegate from Massachusetts; born in Newburyport, Mass., June 17, 1743; was graduated from Harvard college in 1760; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Newburyport, Mass.; member of the state house of representatives; an officer in the militia in 1776; moved to Boston, Mass., in 1777; again a state representative in 1778; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1780; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1782-1783; commis- sioner on the New York and Massachusetts bound- ary line in 1784; judge of the court of appeals 1784-1789, of the United States district court 1789-1801, and of the United States circuit court for Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut 1801-1802; died in Roxbury, Mass., May 6, 1802. Lowell, Joshua Adams, a Representative from Maine; born in Thomaston, Mass, (now Maine), March 20, 1801; attended the common schools; taught school; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in East Machias, Me., in 1826; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1832-1833, 1835, and 1837; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1844; died in East Machias, Me., March 13, 1874. Lowndes, Lloyd, jr., a Representative from Maryland; born in Clarksburg, Va. (now West Vir- ginia), February 21, 1845, was graduated from Allegheny college, Meadville, Pa., in 1865, and from the University of Pennsylvania law school in 1867; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Cumberland, Md.; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1875); governor of Maryland, 1895-1899; defeated for governor in 1899; president and di- rector of a number of Maryland financial and other institutions; died in Cumberland, Md., January 6, 1905. Lowndes, Thomas, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., in 1765; pursued an academic course; engaged in business; elected to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses 820 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTORY. March 4, 1811, until May 8, 1822, when he resigned; died at sea, November 22, 1822. Lo wnd.es, William, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., Febru- ary, 1782; pursued classical studies in England and at home; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1804, but soon abandoned it for agricultural pursuits; captain of militia in 1807; elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth, and to the five succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1811, until May 8, 1822, when he re- signed; died at sea, November 22, 1822. Lowrie, Walter, a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Edinburgh, Scotland, December 10, 1784; located in Butler county, Pa., in 1791; pursued classical studies; member of the state house of rep- resentatives; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1819, to March 3, 1825; secretary of the United States Senate 1825-1836; secretary of the Presbyterian board of foreign mis- sions 1836-1868; died in New York City, December 14, 1868. Lowry, Robert, a Representative from Indi- ana; born in Killeleigh, county Down, Ireland, in 1822; moved to Rochester, N. Y.; instructed in private schools and had partial academic course ; librarian of Rochester athanaeum and Young Men's association; studied law; moved to Fort Wayne, Ind., in 1843; city recorder; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Goshen, Ind., in 1846; appointed circuit judge in 1852; president of the Democratic state convention and delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1860; elected circuit judge for six years in 1864; reelected in 1870; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1872; resigned the circuit judgship in January, 1875; judge of the superior court; elected the first president of the Indiana State Bar association in July, 1879; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); resumed the practice of law; died in Fort Wayne, Ind., January 27, 1904. Loyall, George, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Norfolk, Va., May 29, 1789; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1808; visited England in 1815; member of the state house of representatives in 1817-1827; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1829; success- fully contested the election of Thomas Newton to the Twenty-first Congress, and served from March 9, 1830, to March 3, 1831; reelected to the Twenty- third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); navy agent in Norfolk, Va., 1837-1861, with the exception of two years; died in Norfolk, Va., February 24, 1868. Lucas, Edward, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Jefferson county, Va. (now West Virginia), October 22, 1790; attended the common schools and Dickinson college, Carlisle, Pa.; officer in the war of 1812; studied law, was admitted to the bar but did not practice; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); military storekeeper of ordnance at the Harpers Ferry Armory May 12, 1847, until his death in Harpers Ferry, Va., March 4, 1858. Lucas, John Baptiste Charles, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Pont-Auderner, Normandy, France, August 14, 1758; attended the Honfleur and Paris law schools and was graduated from the law department of the University in Caen in 1782; practiced in France until 1784; emigrated to the United States and settled near Pittsburgh, Pa., and engaged in agricultural pursuits; member of the state house of representatives 1792-1798; judge of the common pleas court in 1794; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, but resigned before the assembling of the Ninth Congress; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1805; ap- pointed by President Jefferson Commissioner of Land Claims and district judge of the United States court for the northern part of Louisiana Territory; continued as judge until 1820; died near St. Louis, Mo., August 18, 1840. Lucas, William, a Representative from Virginia; born near Charles Town, Jefferson county, W. Va., November 30, 1800; attended the public schools in Charles Town; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Charles Town, W. Va. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); reelected to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); died on his farm in Jefferson county, W. Va., August 29, 1877. Lucas, William Vincent, a Representative from South Dakota; born near Delphi, Carroll county, Ind., July 3, 1835; attended the common schools; moved to Bremer county, Iowa, in 1856; enlisted in the Union army in the fourteenth Iowa infantry; promoted to captain in 1863; elected treasurer of Bremer county and twice reelected; presidential elector on the Hayes ticket in 1876; chief clerk of the Iowa house of representatives during the sev- enteenth and eighteenth sessions; mayor of Mason City, Iowa; elected state auditor in 1880; declined nomination for reelection; moved to Chamberlain, 5. Dak., in 1883, and engaged in farming; elected treasurer of Brule county in '1887; moved to Hot Springs, S. Dak., in 1890; appointed commandant of the Soldiers' Home in Hot Springs, S. Dak. ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); again appointed commandant of the South Dakota soldiers' home and served one year; moved to Chamberlain, S. Dak.; recorder of the United States land office; again appointed commandant of the South Dakota soldiers' home; resigned, and moved to California, and is a resident of Santa Cruz. Lucking, Alfred, a Representative from Michi- gan; born in Ingersoll, Ontario, December 18, 1856; moved with his parents to Ypsilanti, Mich.; at- tended the Ypsilanti high school, Michigan state normal college, and was graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan in 1878; declined the appointment of park and boulevard commissioner of Detroit, Mich., in 1896; temporary chairman of the Democratic state convention in 1900, and was both temporary and permanent chairman of the state convention of 1902; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905); resumed the practice of law in Detroit, Mich. Lumpkin, John Henry, a Representative from Georgia; born in Oglethorpe county, Ga., June 13, 1812; attended Franklin and Yale colleges; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Rome, Ga., in 1834; member of the state house of representatives in 1835; solicitor general of the Cherokee circuit in 1838; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and BIOGEAPHIES. 821 Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1849) ; reelected to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); judge of the supreme court of Georgia; died in Rome, Ga., June 6, 1860. Liumpkin, Wilson, a Representative and a Senator from Georgia; born in Pittsylvania county, Va., January 14, 1783; attended the common schools of Oglethorpe county, Ga.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Athens, Ga. ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth Congress jfMarch 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); reelected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831); appointed one of the commissioners on the Georgia-Florida boundary line; governor of Georgia 1831-1835; appointed commissioner under the Cherokee treaty in 1835; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John P. King, and served from November 22, 1837, to March 3, 1841; member of the state board of public works; died in Athens, Ga,, December 28, 1870. Luna, Tranquilino, a Delegate from New Mexico; born February 23, 1849; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); presented credentials as a member-elect to the Forty-eighth Congress and served from March 4, 1883, until March 5, 1884, when he was succeeded by Francisco A. Man- zanares, who contested his election. Lundin, Frederick, a Representative from Illinois; born in Sweden, May 18, 1868; came to the United States and located in Chicago, 111.; com- pleted academic studies; engaged in business; presi- dent of Lundin & Company, manufacturing chem- ists; was a member of the state senate of Illinois 1894-1898; elected as a Republican to the Sixty- first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); de- feated for reelection to the Sixty-second Congress; resumed business in Chicago, 111. Luttrell, John King, a Representative from California; born near Knoxville, Knox county, Tenn., June 27, 1831; attended the common schools; moved to California; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; engaged in farming; mem- ber of the legislature in 1863, 1865, 1866, 1871, and 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879); United States commissioner of Fisheries for Alaska; state prison director, 1887- 1889; died in Sitka, Alaska, October 4, 1893; inter- ment in Fort Jones, Cal. Lybrand, Archibald, a Representative from Ohio; born in Tarlton, Pickaway county, Ohio, May 23, 1840;. moved to Delaware in 1857 ; attended the Ohio Wesleyan university, Delaware, Ohio; enlisted in the Union Army, April 26, 1861, and served in company I, fourth Ohio volunteer in- fantry; transferred to company E, seventy-third Ohio volunteer infantry, and promoted to first lieutenant; remained in service three years; re- turned to Delaware, Ohio; elected mayor of Dela- ware in 1869; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1871; landowner and interested in farming; appointed postmaster of Delaware, December 20, 1881, and served four years; elected as a Republi- can to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901); died in Daytona, Fla., February 7, 1910. Lyle, Aaron, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Northampton county, Pa., Novem- ber 17, 1759; attended the common schools; served in the Revolutionary War; member of the state house of representatives, 1797-1801 ; served in the state senate, 1802-1804; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1817); trustee of Jefferson (now Washington and Jefferson) col- lege, 1802-1822; died in Cross Creek, Pa., Septem- ber 24, 1825. Lyman, Joseph, a Representative from Iowa; born in Lyons, Mich., September 13, 1840; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course; enlisted in the Union Army in company E, fourth Iowa volunteer cavalry; adjutant of the twenty-ninth Iowa infantry from October 19, 1862, to February 21, 1865, and major of the same regi- ment from February 21, 1865, to August 10, 1865; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Council Bluffs, Iowa; deputy collector of internal revenue of the fifth district of Iowa from January 1, 1867, to March 1, 1870; judge of the cir- cuit court, 1884; elected as a Republican to the Forty -ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Council Bluffs, Iowa, July 9, 1890. Lyman, Joseph S., a Representative from New York; born in Hampden, Mass.; attended common schools; moved to Otsego, N. Y.; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); died in Cooperstown, N. Y. Lyman, Samuel, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Goshen, Conn., January 25, 1749; was graduated from Yale college in 1770; studied law in Litchfield, Conn., was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Hartford, Conn.; member of the state house of representatives, 1786- 1788; served in the state senate, 1790-1793; elected to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses and served from March 4, 1795, until November 6, 1801, when he resigned; moved to Springfield ; Mass.; edge of the circuit court; died in Springfield, ass., June 6, 1802. Lyman, Theodore, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Waltham, Mass., August 23, 1833; was graduated from Harvard college in 1855, and from the Lawrence scientific school in 1858; served during the Civil War as lieutenant colonel and volunteer aid-de-camp on the staff of Major General Meade, from September 2, 1863, to April 20, 1865; member of the American academy of arts and sciences and of the National academy of sciences and trustee of the Peabody education fund; one of the state fishery commissioners 1865- 1882; elected as an Independent to the Forty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Nahant, Mass., September 9, 1897. Lyman, William, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Northampton, Mass., December 7, 1755; was graduated from Yale college in 1776; member of the state senate in 1789; served in the War of 1812' ensign of the ninth Massachusetts in- fantry April 25, 1812; second lieutenant June 26, 1813; first lieutenant June 10, 1814; transferred to the light artillery May 17, 1815; rear adjutant June, 1816, to December 31, 1819; captain Decem- ber 31, 1819; honorably discharged June 1, 1821; elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797); United States consul at 822 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. London, England, from 1805, until his death in London, England, September 2, 1811. Lynch, John, a Representative from Maine; born in Portland, Me., February 18, 1825; was graduated from the Portland high school in 1842; engaged in business; member of the state legisla- ture in 1862 and 1864; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1873); editor of the Washington Union 1876. 1877; died in Portland, Me., July 2, 1892. Lynch, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Providence, R. I., November 1, 1843; attended the public schools and pursued an academic course; worked on a farm and at the coal mines; taught school; studied law, was admitted to the bar November 1, 1865, and practiced in Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress CMarch 4, 1887-March 3, 1889). Lynch, John Boy, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Concordia parish, La., Sep- tember 10, 1847; attended school in Natchez, Miss.; moved to Natchez in 1863; engaged in the business of photography; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1865; appointed by Governor Ames a justice of the peace in 1869; member of the state legislature, 1869-1873; served the last term as speaker of the house; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1872, 1884, 1888, 1892 and 1900; temporary chairman of the Republican national convention in 1884; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881- March 3, 1883); fourth auditor of the Treasury for the Navy department under President Harri- son, 1889-1893; appointed a major and additional paymaster of volunteers during the Spanish war by- President McKinley in 1898; appointed by Presi- dent McKinley a paymaster in the Tegular army, with rank of captain in 1901; prompted to major in 1906; retired on account of age in 1911; resi- dent of Oakland, Cal. Lynch, Thomas, a Representative from Wis- consin; born in Granville, Milwaukee county, Wis., November 21, 1844; attended the public schools; moved to Calumet county in 1863 and continued farming and also taught school; held various local offices; member of the Wisconsin legislature in 1873 and 1883; was graduated from the law depart- ment of the Wisconsin university in 1875; was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; district attorney 1878-1882; moved to Antigo, Langlade county, Wis., in 1883; mayor of Antigo in 1885 and 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); died in Antigo, Wis., May 4, 1898. Lynch, Thomas, sr., a Delegate from South Carolina; born in South Carolina about 1720; active in pre-Revolutionary affairs; Delegate in the Colo- nial Congress in 1765; sat in the Continental Con- gress 1774-1776; resigned on account, of ill health; died in South Carolina in 1776. Lynch, Thomas, jr., a Delegate from South Carolina; born in Prince George parish, S. C., August 5, 1749; studied in Eton and Cambridge, England, also in the Temple in London; returned to America in 1772; became a planter on the North San tee River; served a short time in the Revolu- tionary war; Delegate in the Continental Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Lynch, sr., and served 1776-1777; drowned at sea in the latter part of 1779. Lynde, William Pitt, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Sherburne, Chenango county, N. Y., December 16, 1817; was graduated from Yale college in 1838; studied law and was admitted to the bar in New York; moved to Wisconsin in 1841; appointed attorney general of Wisconsin in 1844; United States district attorney for Wisconsin in 1845; elected mayor of Milwaukee in 1860; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1866; served in the state senate 1868-1869; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1849); reelected to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); died in Milwaukee, Wis., December 18, 1885. Lyon, Asa, a Representative from Vermont; born in Pomfret, Conn., December 31, 1763; wa 8 graduated from Dartmouth college in 1791; pastor in Sunderland, Mass.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in South Hero, Vt. ; chief justice of Grand Island county 1805^1814; member of the state house of representatives 1800- 1810 and 1814; executive councilor in 1808; elected as a Federalist to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); died in South Hero, Vt., April 4, 1841. Lypn, Caleb, a Representative from New York; born in Greig, N. Y., December 7, 1822; was grad- uated from Norwich university of Vermont in 1841; United States consul at Shanghai, China, 1845- 1849; secretary of the California constitutional convention; state representative and senator in 1851; elected aa an Independent to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); moved to Staten Island, N. Y.; governor of Idaho Territory 1864-1866; died near Rossville, N. Y., September 8, 1875. Lyon, Chittenden, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Vermont in 1786; attended the common schools; moved to Kentucky in 1801; served in both branches of the legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1835); died in Caldwell county, Ky., November 8, 1842. Lyon, Francis Strother, a Representative from Alabama; born in Stokes county, N. C., about 1800; attended the common schools; moved to Demopolis, Ala. ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1839); elected in 1863 to the second Con- federate congress. Lyon, Lucius, a Delegate, a Representative, and a Senator from Michigan; born in Shelbourne, Vt., February 26, 1800; attended the common schools; moved to Bronson, Michigan Ty. ; land sur- veyor; elected as a Democrat a Delegate to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); elected to the United States Senate upon the admission of the state into the Union, and served from January 26, 1837, to March 3, 1839; surveyor general of public lands in the Northwest; reelected a Representative to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845; died in Detroit, Mich., September 24, 1851. BIOGRAPHIES. 823 Lyon, Matthew, a Representative from Ver- mont and Kentucky, and a Delegate from Arkansas Territory; born in county Wicklow, Ireland, in 1746; emigrated to America in 1759; became promi- nent in ante-Revolutionary affairs; deputy pay- master in the Revolutionary army in 1778; clerk of the court of confiscation in 1786; founder of Fair- field, Vt., in 1783; state representative 1784-1794; elected from Vermont to the Fifth and Sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1801); moved to Kentucky; elected from Kentucky to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses (March 4 1803-March 3, 1811); appointed United States factor among the Cherokee Indians in Arkansas; elected Delegate from Arkansas Territory to the Sixteenth Congress, but died before the assembling of the Congress, in Spadra Bluff, Ark., August 1, 1822. Lytle, Robert Todd, a Representative from Ohio; born in Williamsburg, Clermont county, Ohio, September 19, 1804; attended the common schools and Cincinnati college; studied law in Louisville, Ky., was admitted to the bar in 1824, and commenced practice in Cincinnati, Ohio; elected to the state legislature in 1828; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress, and served from March 4, 1833, until March 10, 1834, when he resigned; reelected to fill vacancy caused by his own resignation and served from December 27, 1834, to March 3, 1835; appointed February 22, 1836, surveyor general of public lands in Ohio; major general of Ohio militia; died in New Orleans, La., December 22, 1839. McAdoo, William, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Ireland, October 25, 1853; came with his parents to Jersey City; attended the com- mon schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1874; member of the legislature of New Jer- sey; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1891); moved to New York in 1892; assistant Secretary of Navy 1893-1896; police commissioner of New York City 1904-1905; resumed the practice of law; appointed by Mayor Gaynor chief city magistrate of the city magis- trates' courts, first division, city of New York, July 1, 1910. McAleer, William, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in county Tyrone, Ireland, January 6, 1838; came to Philadelphia with his parents in 1851; attended public and private schools; elected a member of common councils from the fifth ward in 1871 for a term of two years; elected by councils in 1873 a member of the board of guardians of the poor for a term of three years, and reelected five consecutive terms; vice president and president of the board; member of the commercial exchange; director, vice president, and president of the same; director of the chamber of commerce in 1880; elected to the state senate in 1886 for a term of four years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1895); reelected to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3 1901). McAllister, Archibald, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Dauphin county, Pa., in 1814; attended the public schools; engaged in iron manufacturing; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3 1865). McAndrews, James, a Representative from Illinois; born in Woonsocket, R. I., October 22, 1862; attended common schools; moved to Chicago, 111., and engaged in business; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905). McArthur, Duncan, a Representative from Ohio; born in Dutchess county, N. Y., June 14, 1772; moved to western Pennsylvania, then to Chillicothe, Ohio; member of the state house of representatives in 1805, 1815, 1817, and 1819, and was speaker the last-named year; served as colonel and brigadier general in the militia, and held like commissions in the volunteers of the War of 1812; elected to the Thirteenth Con- gress, but declined to leave the army; elected as a Democrat to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); Indian treaty commissioner in 1816; governor of Ohio, 1830-1832; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Twenty-third Con- gress; died in Chillicothe, Ohio, April 28, 1839. McBride, George Wycliffe, a Senator from Ore- gon; born in Yamhill county, Oreg., March 13, 1854; attended the public schools, the preparatory department of Willamette university and Chris- tian college, Monmouth, Oreg., for two years; studied law and was admitted to the bar, but never practiced; engaged in mercantile business; member of the state house of representatives in 1882, and served as speaker; secretary of state of Oregon in 1886 and 1895; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate February 23, 1895, and served from March 4, 1895, until March 3, 1901; in March, 1901, appointed a United States commissioner to the St. Louis exposition of 1904; died in Portland, Oreg., June 18, 1911. McBride, John Rogers, a Representative from Oregon; born in Franklin county, Mo., August 22, 1832; attended the public schools; moved to Ore- gon in 1846; superintendent of schools, 1854; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Lafayette, Oreg., in 1855; delegate to the state constitutional convention; member of the state senate; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1865); appointed by President Grant United States judge for Idaho; member of the Re- .publican National committee 1880-1892; died in Spokane, Wash., July 20, 1904. McBryde, Archibald, a Representative from North Carolina; native of Moore county, N. C.; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1813); twice a member of the state senate. McCall, John Etheridge, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Clarksburg, Carroll county, Tenn., August 14, 1859; attended the public schools, and was graduated from the University of Tennessee in 1881; studied law in Huntingdon, Tenn., and was admitted to the bar in 1883; edited the Tennessee Republican during 1882; located in Lexington, Tenn., in December, 1883, and con- tinued the practice of law; unsuccessful candidate for district attorney in 1886; member of the Ten- nessee legislature in 1887 and 1889; delegate in the Chicago convention of 1888; appointed assistant United States district attorney for West Tennessee in 1890, which office he resigned in 1891; unsuc- cessful candidate for governor before the Repub- lican state convention in 1892; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895- March 3, 1897); delegate to the Republican national convention in Philadelphia in 1900; unsuccessful 824 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. Republican candidate for governor of Tennessee in 1900; collector of internal revenue of the fifth district of Tennessee, 1902-1905; appointed United States district judge for the western district of Tennessee; a resident of Memphis, Tenn. McCall, Samuel Walker, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in East Providence, Pa., February 28, 1851; spent early life in Illinois; was graduated from New Hampton (N. H.) acad- emy in 1870, and from Dartmouth college in 1874; was admitted to the bar and practiced law in Boston, Mass.; editor of the Boston Daily Adver- tiser; member of the Massachusetts house of rep- resentatives in 1888-1889, and 1892; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1888 and 1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- third, and to the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. McCarthy, Dennis, a Representative from New York; born in Salina, N. Y., March 19, 1814; pur- sued an academic course; engaged in salt manu- facturing; member of state house of representa- tives in 1846; served in the state senate 1876-1885; mayor of Syracuse, N. Y., in 1853; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Forty-second Con- gress; president of state senate in 1885; elected lieutenant-governor of New York, January 6, 1885; died in Syracuse, N. Y., February 14, 1886. McCarthy, John Henry, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, November 16, 1850; attended the De La Salle institute, Christian Brothers, and St. Francis Xavier college, but did not complete the course; engaged in mercantile pursuits; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the legislature of New York in 1880 and 1881; elected civil justice for the fifth judicial district in the city of New York for the term of six years in 1882; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- first Congress and served from March 4, 1889, until he resigned, January 14, 1891; justice of the city court of New York City from 1891 until his death in New York City, February 5, 1908. McCarthy, John Jay, a Representative from Nebraska; bom in Stoughton, Wis., July 19, 1857; attended the common schools and Albion academy; moved to Nebraska in 1879, and in the fall of 1882 removed to Dixon county; was admitted to the bar in 1884, and practiced law; elected county attorney of Dixon county in 1890, 1892, and 1894; elected representative in the legislature of Nebraska in 1898 and 1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1907); resumed the practice of law in Ponca, Nebr. McCarty, Andrew Zimmerman, a Represent- ative from New York; born in Rhinebeck, Dutch- ess county, N. Y., July 14, 1808; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Pulaski, Oswego county, N. Y.; county clerk of Oswego county 1840-1843; member of the state house of representatives 1846-1847; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); died in Pulaski, Oswego county, N. Y., April 23, 1879. McCarty, Jonathan, a Representative from Indiana; born in Tennessee about 1800; attended the public schools; moved to Franklin county, Ind.; state representative; moved to Connorsville r Fayette county; held several county offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-second, Twenty- third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1839); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Twenty-fifth Congress; died in Keokuk, Iowa, in 1855. McCarty, Richard, a Representative from New York; native of Albany, N. Y.; attended the public schools; elected to the Seventeenth Con- gress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823). McCarty, William M., a Representative from Virginia; native of Loudoun county, Va.; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles F. Mercer, and served from January 25, 1840, to March 3, 1841. McCauslen, William Cochran, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Pennsylvania in 1808; attended the public schools; located in Steuben- ville, Ohio; member of the Ohio general assembly 1832-1833; owned and edited a Democratic news- paper in Steubenville; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845; died in Steubenville, Ohio, in 1862. McClammy, Charles Washington, a Repre- sentative from North Carolina; born in Scotts Hill, N. C., May 29, 1839; pursued an academic course, and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1859; engaged in teaching 1859-1861; entered the Confederate army in 1861; by succes- sive promotions became major of the third North Carolina cavalry regiment, and surrendered at Appomattox; engaged in farming; elected a mem- ber of the house of commons of North Carolina in 1866 and of the state senate in 1871; Democratic elector in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fif- tieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887 March 3, 1891); died in Scotts Hill, N. C., February 26, 1896. McCleary, James Thompson, a Representa- tive from Minnesota; born in Ingersoll, Ontario, February 5, 1853; attended the public schools and McGill university, Montreal ; taught school for some years in Wisconsin; resigned the superintendency of the Pierce county, Wis., schools in 1881 to become state institute conductor of Minnesota and an instructor in the normal school in Mankato; continued in this position until June, 1892; presi- dent of the Minnesota educational association in 1891; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1907); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses; second assistant postmaster general 1907-1908; moved to New York City. McClellan, Abraham, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Sullivan county, Tenn., Octo- ber 4, 1789; farmer; elected to the state legislature four times; served in the state senate two terms; member of the convention to revise the state con- stitution in 1834; served in the Indian war of 1836; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty- sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843); died in Sullivan county, Tenn., May 3, 1866. McClellan, Charles A. O., a Representative from Indiana; born in Ashland, Ohio, May 25, 1835; moved to Auburn, Ind., in 1856; attended the public schools; studied law in Auburn, was admit- BIOGRAPHIES. 825 ted to the bar in 1860, and began practice in Auburn; engaged in the banking business in 1868; appointed judge of the fortieth circuit of Indiana by Governor Williams in 1879, and served for two years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893); died in Auburn, Ind., January 31, 1898. McClellan, George Brinton, a Representative from New York; born in Dresden, Saxony, Novem- ber 23, 1865, where his parents had gone on a visit; was graduated from Princeton college in 1886; worked as a reporter and in editorial positions on several New York newspapers; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; president of the board of aldermen of the city and county of New York in 1892 and 1893; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1895, until December 21, 1903, when he resigned to become mayor of New York City; served as mayor until January, 1910. McClellan, Robert, a Representative from New York; born in Livingston, N. Y., October 2, 1806; was graduated from Williams college in 1825; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Middleboro, N. Y., 1828-1843; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837- March 3, 1839); reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); died in Greenpoint, N. Y., June 28, 1860. McClelland, Robert, a Representative from Michigan; born in Greencastle, Pa., August 1, 1807; was graduated from Dickinson college, Carlisle, Pa., in 1829; engaged in teaching; was admitted to the bar in Chambersburg, Pa., in 1831; moved to Pittsburgh, Pa., then in 1833 to Monroe, Mich., and practiced law; delegate in the state constitu- tional conventions of 1835, 1850, and 1867; state representative 1838-1843, the last year served as speaker; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1849); delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1848, 1852, and 1868; governor of Michigan 1851-1853, resigned; Secretary of the Interior March 7, 1853-March 6, 1857; died in Detroit, Mich., August 27, 1880. McClelland, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Mount Jackson, Pa., March 2, 1842; attended the Westminster college in New Wilmington, Pa.; served for more than four years in the Civil war; attended the Allegheny college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Mount Jackson in 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Forty-third Congress. McClenachan, Blair, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Ireland; came to Philadel- phia, Pa., at an early age; engaged in mercantile pursuits; served in the Revolutionary war; member of the state legislature 1790-1795; elected to the Fifth Congress (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1799); died in Philadelphia, Pa., May 8, 1812. McClene, James, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania; born in New London, Pa., October 11, 1730; member of the constitutional convention of 1776 to form a constitution for Pennsylvania; member of the state assembly 1776-1777; member of the supreme executive council 1778-1779; elected to the Continental Congress 1779-1780; member of the Constitutional Convention of 1789-1790; served in the state house of representatives 1790 1791 and 1793-1794; died in Antrim, Pa., March 13, 1806. McClernand, John Alexander, a Represent- ative from Illinois; born in Breckinridge county, Ky., May 30, 1812; moved to Illinois; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Shawneetown, 111.; served in the Black Hawk war; state representative 1836, 1840, 1842, and 1843; presidential elector on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket; elected as a Democrat to the Twen- ty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty- first Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1851); reelected to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1859, until October 28, 1861, when he resigned; returned to Illinois to raise troops for the Union army, and served through the Civil war; elected circuit judge in 1870; presided over Democratic national con- vention in 1876; died in Springfield, 111., Septem- ber 20, 1900. McClure, Addison S., a Representative from Ohio; born in Wooster, Ohio, October 10, 1839; pursued an academic course in Jefferson college, Pa.; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in April, 1861; entered the army as a private in April, 1861, and elected captain of company H, sixteenth Ohio infantry volunteers, in October of the same year, and discharged on account of expiration of service in the fall of 1864; elected recorder in Wooster in 1867; appointed postmaster of Wooster in 1867; reappointed in 1872, and 1876; delegate in the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1868 and in Cincinnati in 1876; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); reelected to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); resumed the .practice of law in Wooster, Ohio. McClure, Charles, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William S. Ramsey; reelected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, and served from December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1841; secretary of state of Pennsylvania; died in Pittsburgh, Pa., February 8, 1846. McClurg, Joseph Washington, a Representa- tive from Missouri; born in St. Louis county, Mo., February 22, 1818; attended the Xenia academy and Oxford college; taught school in Louisiana and Mississippi in 1835-1836; moved to Texas; circuit court clerk in 1840; returned to Missouri and en- gaged in business in 1844; served in the Civil war as colonel of cavalry in the Union army; member of the state convention 1861-1863; elected as an Emancipationist to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and reelected as a Radical to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses; and served from March 4,1865, until his resignation in 1868; died in Lebanon, Mo., December 2, 1900. McCoid, Moses Ayers, a Representative from Iowa; born in Logan county, Ohio, November 5, 1840; attended Fairfield university and Washing- ton college, Pennsylvania; studied law in Fairfield, Iowa, and was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Fairfield 1858-1861; enlisted as a private in company E, second regiment Iowa volunteer infantry, May 6, 1861; commissioned a second lieu- tenant; acting adjutant of the regiment during the advance on Corinth and in the spring of 1862; engaged in the practice of law in Fairfield ; district 826 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. attorney of the sixth judicial district of Iowa from January, 1867, to January, 1871; member of the state senate of Iowa 1872-1879; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty- eighth Congresses (March 4, 1879^-March 3, 1885); resumed the practice of law; died in Fairfield, Iowa, May 19, 1904. C McComas, Louis Emory, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland ; born in Washington county, Md., October 28, 1846; attended St. James college, Maryland; was graduated from Dickinson college, Pennsylvania, in 1866; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in Hagerstown, Md., in 1868, and practiced until 1892; professor of international law in the law school of Georgetown university; defeated Republican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress; elected as a Republican to the Forty- eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1891); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Fifty-second Con- gress; delegate at large to the Republican national conventions in 1892 and 1900, and during the presi- dential campaign of 1892 was secretary of the Re- publican national committee; on November 17, 1892, appointed by President Harrison an associate justice of the supreme court of the District of Columbia, which office he held when elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1899, until March 3, 1905; appointed a justice of the court of appeals of the District of Columbia; died in Washington, D. C., November 10, 1907. McComas, William, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of Virginia; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837). McComb, Eleazer, a Delegate from Delaware; sat in the Continental Congress 1782-1784. McConnell, Felix Grundy, a Representative from Alabama; born in Nashville, Tenn., in 1809; moved to Talladega, Ala. ; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar and practiced; member of the state house of representatives in 1838; served in the state senate 1839-1843; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1843, until his death in Washington, D. C., September 10, 1846. McConnell, William J., a Senator from Idaho; born in Commerce, Oakland county, Mich., Sep- tember 18, 1839; pursued an academic course; went to California in 1860 and engaged in mining, in the cattle business, merchandising, and banking; resided in Oregon 1862-1863, and taught school in Yamhill county; went to Idaho in 1863; deputy United States marshal 1865-1867; returned to California and was engaged in the cattle business five years; returned to Idaho; elected to and presi- dent of the Oregon state senate in 1882; member of the national convention which nominated James G. Blaine for President; also a member of the con- stitutional convention of Idaho; elected as a Re- publican to the United States Senate December 18, 1890, and served from December 18, 1890, to March 3, 1891; elected governor of Idaho in 1892, and re- elected in 1894; appointed Indian inspector by President McKinley in 1897. McCook, Anson George, a Representative from New York; born in Steubenville, Ohio, Octo- ber 10, 1835; attended the common schools of New- Lisbon, Ohio; in 1854 crossed the plains to Cali- fornia; returned in the autumn of 1859, and at the outbreak of the Civil war was engaged in the study of law; entered the Union army; captain of the second regiment of Ohio infantry April 17, 1861; honorably mustered out July 31, 1861; on the reor- ganization of the regiment was commissioned major August 6, 1861; lieutenant colonel January 1, 1863; colonel January 20, 1863; brevet brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, "for meritorious serv- ices"; honorably discharged October 21, 1865; appointed assessor of internal revenue in the seven- teenth Ohio district in November, 1865; moved to New York City in May, 1873; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); secretary of the United States Senate 1883-1893; appointed by Mayor Wm. L. Strong city chamber- lain of the City of New York and served 1895-1898. McCord, Andrew, a Representative from New York; native of Ulster county, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives in 1800, 1802, and 1807; elected to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805). McCord, Myron Hawley, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Ceres, McKean county, Pa., November 26, 1840; moved to Wisconsin in 1854, and settled in Shawano; moved to Merrill in 1875; attended Richburg academy, New York; became a publisher, lumberman, and farmer; pub- lished a newspaper 1868-1883 ; member of the state senate 1873-1874; member of the assembly in 1881; delegate in the Cincinnati Republican national convention of 1876; register United States land office from April 1, 1883, to December 31, 1885; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); returned to Merrill, Wis., and engaged in farming and lumbering; un- successful candidate for Representative in the Fifty-second and Fifty- third Congresses; moved to Arizona; appointed governor of Arizona in 1897; resigned in 1898 and organized the territorial regi- ment for the Spanish war; appointed United States marshal for district of Arizona in 1902, and later appointed collector of customs for the port of No- gales, Ariz.; died in Phoenix, Ariz., April 27, 1904. McCorkle, Joseph W., a Representative from California; native of Ohio; moved to Marys ville, Cal.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March -3, 1853). McCormick, Henry Clay, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Washington township, Lycoming county, Pa., June 30, 1844; attended the common schools and Dickinson seminary; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1866 and practiced in Williamsport, Pa.; elected as a Re- publican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); delegate at large in the Republican national convention of 1892; elected president of the Williamsport and North "Branch railroad January 1, 1892; appointed attorney gen- eral of Pennsylvania by Governor Hastings in January, 1895, and served four years; died in Wil- liamsport, Pa., May 26, 1902. McCormick, James Robinson, a Representa- tive from Missouri; born in Washington county, Mo., August 1, 1824; attended the public schools and Transylvania university, Ky.; studied medi- cine, and was graduated from the Memphis medical college in 1849, and commenced practice in Wayne county, Mo.; moved to Perry county in 1850, and practiced; delegate to the state constitutional BIOGRAPHIES. 827 convention of 1861; served during the civil war as surgeon of the sixth Missouri volunteer infantry; after the war located in Arcadia, Mo., and resumed the practice of medicine ; elected to the state senate in 1862, but resigned on account of duties in the army; brigadier general of militia in 1863; again elected to the state senate in 1866, but resigned the following year; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Thomas E. Noel; reelected to the Forty- first and Forty-second Congresses and served from December 17, 1867, to March 3, 1873; moved to Farmington, Mo., and engaged in the drug busi- ness; died in Farmington, St. Francois county, Mo., May 19, 1897. McCormick, John Wesley, a Representative from Ohio; born in Gallia county, Ohio, Decem- ber 20, 1831; attended the Ohio Wesleyan univer- sity, Delaware, Ohio, and the Ohio university, Athens, Ohio; engaged, in farming; delegate in the Ohio constitutional convention of 1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885). McCormick, Napoleon Bonaparte, a Repre- sentative from Kansas; born in Fayette county, Pa., November 20, 1847; attended the common schools; moved to Marion county, Iowa, in 1867, where he engaged in farming and stock-raising until his removal to Phillips county, Kans., where lie settled upon a homestead in 1877; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1882 ; deputy county attorney for four years; elected county attorney of Phillips county in 1890 and reelected in 1892; refused a third nomination; elected as a Populist to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885) ; resumed the practice of law in Phillipsburg, Kans., and was elected county attorney of Phillips county in 1010. McCormick, Richard. Cunningham, a Dele- gate from Arizona and a Representative from New York; born in New York City, May 23, 1832; pur- sued classical studies; entered business in Wall street in 1852; engaged in journalistic work in New York in 1857; with the Army of the Potomac as a correspondent of the New York Evening Post in 1861-1862; first chief clerk of the Department of Agriculture; appointed secretary of Arizona Terri- tory in 1863 and governor of the Territory in 1866; elected as a Union candidate a Delegate from Ari- zona territory to the Forty -first, Forty-second, and Forty- third Congresses (March 4 ; 1869-March 3, 1875) ; established the Arizona Miner in 1864, and the Arizona Citizen in 1870; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1872, 1876, and 1880; returned to New York; United States commissioner to the Centennial exposition in 1876; first assistant Secretary of the Treasury in 1877 ; commissioner general to the Paris exposition in 1878; declined the mission to Brazil in 1877, and the mission to Mexico in 1879; elected as a Repub- lican from New York to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); member of the board of managers of the State normal school in Jamaica, N. Y.; died in Jamaica, N. Y., June 2, 1901. McCoy, Robert, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; native of Carlisle, Pa.; attended the common schools; state canal commissioner; elected to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831- March 3, 1833); died in Wheeling, W. Va., June 7, 1849. McCoy, William, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of Augusta county, Va.; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twelfth, and to the ten succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1833). McCrary, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Iowa; born near Evansville, Ind., August 29, 1835; moved to Iowa in 1836; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Keokuk, Iowa, in 1856; member of the state house of representatives in 1857 and of the state senate in 1861; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty- third, and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1877); Secretary of War under President Hayes, March 12, 1877, to December 10, 1879; United States judge of the eighth judicial district 1879- 1884; moved to Kansas City, Mo.; became consult- ing attorney for the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad company; died in St. Joseph, Mo., June 23, 1895. McCrate, John Dennis, a Representative from Maine; born in Wiscasset, Me., October 1, 1800; was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1819; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Wiscasset; member of the state house of representatives 1831-1836; customs col- lector 1836-1841; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); died in Sutton, Mass., September 11, 1879. McCreary, George Deardorff, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in York Springs, Adams county, Pa., September 28, 1846; moved with his parents to Philadelphia in 1864; attended the common and private schools, entered the University of Pennsylvania, and remained until 1867; began his independent business career in 1870; elected treasurer of the city and county of Philadelphia in November, 1891, and during his term of office, from 1892 to 1895, reorganized the finances of the city; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. McCreary, James Bennett, a Representative and a Senator from Kentucky; born in Madison county, Ky., July 8, 1838; was graduated from Center college, Danville, Ky., in 1857; studied law, was graduated from the law department of Cum- berland university, Tennessee, in 1859, and com- menced practice in Richmond, Ky., in 1860; en- tered the Confederate army in 1862, and was lieu- tenant colonel of the eleventh Kentucky cavalry at the close of the war; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1868, but declined; delegate in the Democratic national convention held in New York City July 4, 1868; member of the house of representatives of Kentucky 1869, 1871, and 1873, and served as speaker in 1871, and reelected speaker in 1873; elected governor in May, 1875, and served from August, 1875, to September, 1879; appointed by the President a delegate to the international monetary conference held in Brussels, Belgium, in 1892 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1897); delegate in the Democratic national convention held in Kansas City in 1900, and chair- man of the state Democratic committee in the campaign of 1900; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1902, and served from March 4, 1903, until March 3, 1909; elected governor of Kentucky in 1912. 828 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. McCreary, John, a Representative from South Carolina; native of Chester district, S. C.; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821). McCredie, William Wallace, a Representative from Washington; born in Montrose, Susquehanna county, Pa., April 27, 1862; was graduated from Cornell college, Mount Vernon, Iowa, in 1885; attended the law school of the Iowa State uni- versity 1889-1890; was admitted to the bar, and practiced; prosecuting attorney of Clarke county, Wash., 1895-1896; elected superior judge in Jan- uary, 1905; elected as a Republican to the Sixty- first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Francis W. Cushman, and served from Decem- ber 6, 1909, to March 3, 1911; defeated for reelec- tion to the Sixty-second Congress; resumed the practice of law in Vancouver, Wash. McCreedy, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania; native of that state; elected to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831). McCreery, Thomas Clay, a Senator from Ken- tucky; born in Daviess county, Ky., December 12, 1816; attended the common schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1852; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Guth- rie, and served from February 19, 1868, to March 3, 1871; reelected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1879; died in Owensboro, Ky., July 10, 1890. McCreery, William, a Representative from Maryland; was elected to the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1809). McCulloch, George, a Representative from Pennsylvania; elected as a Democrat to the Twen- ty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William W. Potter, and served from De- cember 2, 1839, to March 4, 1841. McCulloch, John, a Representative from Penn-. sylvania; native of that state; attended the public schools; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). McCulloch, Philip Doddridge, jr., a Represent- ative from Arkansas; born in Murfreesboro, Ruth- erford county, Tenn., June 23, 1851; moved with his parents to Trenton, Gibson county, Tenn.; attended Andrew college; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar of Tennessee in August, 1872, and engaged in practice in Trenton; moved to Mari- anna, Lee county, Ark., in February, 1874; elected prosecuting attorney of the first judicial district in September, 1878; renominated and elected for three successive terms; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- third, and to the four succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1903). McCullogh, Welty, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Greensburg, Westmoreland county, Pa., October 10, 1847; attended the com- mon schools; entered sophomore class in Washing- ton and Jefferson college and remained nearly two years; was graduated from Princeton in June, 1870; second clerk under Capt. W. B. Coulter, provost marshal of twenty-first district of Pennsylvania, for two years during the Civil war; read law, and was admitted to the bar in 1872; elected as a Re- publican to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887- March 3, 1889); died in Greenbsurg, Pa., August 31, 1889. McCullough, Hiram, a Representative from Maryland; born in Cecil county, Md., September 26, 1813; pursued an academic course at Elkton academy; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1838, and practiced in Elkton, Md.; member of the state senate 1845-1851; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); delegate in the Democratic national convention in New York, 1868; member of the state legislature for several terms, and served as speaker in 1880; died in Elkton, Md., March 4, 1885. McCullough, Thomas Grubb, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Greencastle, Franklin county, Pa., April 20, 1785; attended the common schools; elected to the Sixteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of David Fullerton, and served from November 13, 1820, to March 4, 1821; served in the general assembly of Pennsylvania 1831-1833; died in Chambersburg, Pa., September 10, 1848. McCumber, Porter James, a Senator from North Dakota; born in Illinois February 3, 1858; moved to Rochester, Minn., the same year; at- tended the common schools; taught school for a few years; was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1880; moved to Wahpeton, N. Dak., in 1881, and practiced his profession; member of the territorial legislature in 1885 and 1887; attorney general 1887-1888; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate January 20, 1899, for the term commencing March 4, 1899; reelected in 1905, and served from March 4, 1899, to March 3, 1911. Reelected for the term commencing March 4, 1911. McDaniel, William, a Representative from Mis- souri; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Sterling Price, and served from December 7, 1846, to March 3, 1847. McDannold, John J., a Representative from Illinois; born in Brown county, 111., August 29, 1851; attended the common schools and a private school in Quincy; studied law, and was graduated from the law department of the Iowa State univer- sity, Iowa City, in June, 1874; was admitted to the bar of Illinois in September, 1874, and practiced in Mount Sterling; appointed master in chancery for Brown county, October, 1885; elected county judge of Brown county, November, 1886; reelected in November, 1890; resigned October 2, 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); located in Chicago and resumed the practice of law. McDearmon, James Calvin, a Representa- tive from Tennessee; born in New Canton, Buck- ingham county, Va., June 13, 1844; moved with his parents to Gibson county, Tenn., in 1846; attended Andrew college, Trenton, Tenn., 1858- 1861; entered the Confederate army April, 1862, and served throughout the war in Cheatham's division, Army of the Tennessee; wounded slightly at Murfreesboro and severely at Franklin; surren- dered in Greensboro, N. C., with Johnston's army April 26, 1865; was admitted to the bar in 1867, and practiced in Trenton, Tenn. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftv-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); resumed the practice of law; died in Trenton, Tenn., July 19, 1902. BIOGEAPHIES. 829 McDermott, Allan Langdon, a Representa- tive from New Jersey; born in South Boston, Mass., March 30, 1854; attended the common schools, studied law, and was admitted to the bar; corpora- tion attorney of Jersey City 1879-1883; district court judge 1883-1886; president Jersey City board of finance and taxation 1883-1886; member of state board of taxation 1884-1886; member of the state assembly 1880-1881; corporation counsel of Jersey City; member of the state senate 1899^-1900; chair- man of the New Jersey state Democratic committee 1885-1895; member of the commission to revise the constitution of New Jersey 1894; candidate of the Democratic legislative caucus for United States Senator in 1895; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William B. Daly; reelected to the Fifty- seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth Congresses, and served from December 3, 1900, to March 3, 1907; died in Jersey City, N. J., October 26, 1908. McDermott, James Thomas, a Representative from Illinois; born in Grand Rapids, Mich., Feb- ruary 13, 1872; attended St. Andrews Cathedral school; with his family moved to Detroit, Mich., in 1884, where he learned telegraphy; moved to Chicago in 1889; in March, 1905, engaged in the cigar business; elected as a Democrat to the Six- tieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. McDill, Alexander Stuart, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Crawford county, Pa., March 18, 1822; attended Allegheny college, was graduated from Cleveland medical college 1848, and practiced medicine in Crawford county, Pa., 1848-1856; moved to Portage county, Wis., in 1856; member of the state house of representatives in 1861 and of the state senate in 1862; Republican presidential elector in 1864; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1875); unsuccessful candidate for reelec- tion to the Forty-fourth Congress; medical super- intendent of the Wisconsin state hospital for the insane 1868-1873 and 1875 until his death, near Madison, Wis., November 12, 1875. McDill, James Wilson, a Representative and a Senator from Iowa; born in Monroe, Ohio, March 4, 1834; was graduated from the Miami university at Oxford, Ohio, in 1853; studied law in Columbus, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar in 1856; moved to Iowa in that year; county judge of Union county, Iowa, in 1860; clerk in the office of the Third Auditor of the Treasury 1862-1865; resigned and returned to Iowa; elected circuit judge of the second district, third judicial circuit of Iowa, in 1868; appointed in 1870 and then elected district judge of the third judicial circuit of Iowa; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third and . Forty -fourth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); member of the board of railroad commis- sioners for the state of Iowa, 1878-1881; appointed and subsequently elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel J. Kirkwood, and served from March 8, 1881, until March 3, 1883; died in Creston, Iowa, February 28, 1894. McDonald, Alexander, a Senator from Arkan- sas; born in Clinton county, Pa., April 10, 1832; attended Leuisburg university; moved to Kansas in 1857, engaging in general business; active in the Civil war on the Union side; became interested in banking in Arkansas in 1863, finally located in Little Rock; member of the state constitutional convention; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy in term beginning March 4, 1865, and served from June 22, 1868, to March 3, 1871. McDonald, Edward Francis, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Ireland, September 21, 1844; came to this country with his parents during infancy; attended the public schools; became a skilled mechanic ; elected to the New Jersey assem- bly in 1874; director at large of the board of chosen freeholders of Hudson county in 1877, reelected in 1879, and served four years; chosen presidential elector by the Democratic state convention in 1884, but declined the office; presented credentials to the state senate in 1889, but was unseated; enlisted in 1861 in the seventh regiment New Jersey volun- teers, and served under McClellan and Hooker; largely interested in the business of real estate; town treasurer for ten years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress and served from March 4, 1891, until his death in Harrison, N. J., November 5, 1892. McDonald, John, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Ireland, May 24, 1837; attended the schools of Ireland; came to this country and en- listed in the United States army at Boston, Mass., in 1857; joined his regiment the following Decem- ber in Arizona; participated in several Indian cam- paigns in that Territory and in California; served in the cavalry corps of the Army of the Potomac throughout the Civil war; after the war ordered to the West, where he again took part in several cam- paigns against hostile Indians; retired as a captain of cavalry July 1, 1868, for disabilities incurred in the line of service; elected to the Maryland legis- lature as a Republican in 1881 ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897- March 3, 1899). McDonald, Joseph Ewing, a Representative and a Senator from Indiana; born in Butler county, Ohio, August 29, 1819; moved with his mother to Indiana in 1826; apprenticed to the saddler's trade in Lafayette, Ind.; attended Wabash college, Craw- fordsville, Ind., but did not graduate; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1843, and commenced practice in Crawfordsville; prosecuting attorney 1843-1847; elected to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); elected attorney general of Indiana in 1856 ana reelected in 1858; moved to Indianapolis in 1859; unsuccessful candi- date for governor of Indiana in 1864; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1881; died in Indianapolis, Ind., June 21, 1891. McDonald, Moses, a Representative from Maine; born in Limerick, Me., April 8, 1814; pur- sued an academic course; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1837, and commenced prac- tice in Biddeford, Me., in 1837; member of the state house of representatives 1841-1842, and elected speaker in 1845; served in the state senate in 1847; state treasurer 1847-1849; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March3, 1855); customs collector in Portland, 1857-1861; died in Saco, Me., October 18, 1869. McDougall, Alexander, a Delegate from New York; born in island of Islay, Scotland, in 1731; came to New York in 1755; engaged in printing and was imprisoned as the alleged author of Revolu- 830 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tionary documents; served in the Revolutionary war; colonel of the first New York infantry June 30, 1775-November, 1775; brigadier general Conti- nental army August 9, 1776; major general October 20, 1777, and until the close of the war; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1781-1782 and 1784- 1785; member of the state senate 1783-1786; died in New York City, June 8, 1786. McDougall, James Alexander, a Representa- tive and a Senator from California; born in Bethle- hem, N. Y., November 19, 1817; attended the Albany public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Pike county, 111., in 1837; state attorney general 1842- 1846; made explorations of the southwestern part of the United States; finally located in San Fran- cisco; attorney general of California in 1850; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1867; delegate in the Democratic national conven- tion of 1864; died in Albany, N. Y., September 3, 1867. McDowell, Alexander, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Franklin, Venango county, Pa., March 4, 1845; attended the common schools; printer by trade; engaged in the banking business; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); elected Clerk of the House of Representatives in the Fifty-fourth and the seven succeeding Congresses, March 4, 1895, to March 3, 1911. McDowell, James, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Rockbridge county, Va., October 13, 1796; was graduated from Princeton college in 1817; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Taylor; reelected to the Thirtieth and Thirty -first Congresses, and served from March 6, 1846, to March 3, 1851; died near Lexington, Va., August 24, 1851. McDowell, James Foster, a Representative from Indiana; born in Mifflin county, Pa., Decem- ber 3, 1825; moved to Ohio in 1835; attended the Eiblic schools; worked in a printing office; studied w, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1846; elected district attorney of Darke county, Ohio, in 1848; established the Marion Journal in Indiana; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-ninth Congress; resumed the practice of law; died in Marion, Ind., April 18, 1887. McDowell, John Anderson, a Representative from Ohio; born in Killbuck, Holmes county, Ohio, September 25, 1853; moved with his father's family to a farm in Monroe township, Holmes county, and attended the common schools; re- turned to Killbuck; attended the Millersburg high school and Lebanon normal university; was gradu- ated from Mount Union college; taught school seven winter terms; principal of Millersburg high school two years and superintendent of Millersburg schools for seventeen years; county school exam- iner for fourteen years; engaged as instructor in teachers' institutes in several counties in Ohio; also instructor in the summer school of Wooster university; directly interested in agricultural pur- suits for several years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty -sixth Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903); superintendent of public instruction and institute lecturer located in Ash- land, Ohio. McDowell, Joseph, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Winchester, Va., February 25, 1756; moved to Burke county, N. C.; active in the Revolutionary war; member of the house of commons of North Carolina 1782-1788; opposed to the adoption of the Federal Constitution in the state convention; elected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795); reelected to the Fifth Congress (March 4. 1797-March 3, 1799); died in Burke county, N. C., in 1801. McDowell, Joseph Jefferson, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Burke county, N. C., November 13, 1800; moved to Hillsboro, Ohio; member of the state house of representatives in 1830; served in the state senate in 1833; brigadier general of the state militia in 1834; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1835, and practiced in Hillsboro, Ohio; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); engaged in agricul- tural pursuits; died in Hillsboro, Ohio, January 17, 1877. McDuffie, George, E., a Representative and a Senator from South Carolina; born in Columbia county, Ga., August 10, 1790; was graduated from South Carolina college in 1813; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1814, and com me need practice in Pendleton, S. C.; member of the state house of representatives 1818-1820; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth, and to the six succeeding Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1821, until his resignation in 1834; elected governor of South Caro- lina; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William C. Preston; reelected and served from December 23, 1842, until his resignation, August 17, 1846; died in Sumter district, S. C., March 11, 1851. McDuffie, John Van, a Representative from Alabama; born in Addison, Steubencounty, N. Y., May 16, 1841; moved with his parents to Bureau county, 111.; 1855; attended Lutheran college, Iowa; enlisted in company B, second Iowa cav- alry, July, 1861; served during the entire war, leaving service in Selma, Ala. ; located in Lowndes county, Ala.; studied law, and was admitted to practice in the state courts; elected judge of probate in 1868; reelected in 1872, and held the office until 1880; elected a member of the state constitu- tional convention in 1875, but did not serve; un- successful Republican candidate for the Fiftieth Congress; unsuccessfully contested the election of Alexander C. Davidson in said Congress; success- jully contested the election of Louis W. Turpin to the Fifty-first Congress, and served from June 4, 1890, until March 3, 1893; died in Hoyneville, Ala., November 18, 1896. McEnery, Samuel Douglas, a Senator from Louisiana; born in Monroe, La., May 28, 1837; at- tended the Spring Hill college, near Mobile, Ala.; the United States naval academy and the Univer-* sity of Virginia; was graduated from State and National law school, Poughkepesie, N. Y., in 1859; served in the Confederate army in the Civil war as lieutenant, in Virginia, under Magruder, and in the trans-Mississippi department; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected as a Democrat lieutenant governor of Louisiana in 1879; on the death of Governor Wiltz, October, 1881, succeeded him in the executive office; elected governor in BIOGRAPHIES. 831 1884; appointed associate justice of the supreme court of Louisiana in 1888 for the term of twelve years; unsuccessful candidate for governor in 1892; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1897; reflected in 1902, and served from March 4, 1897, until his death, in New Orleans, La., June 28, 1910. McEttrick, Michael Joseph, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Roxbury, Mass., June 22, 1848; was graduated from the Washington Grammar and the Roxbury Latin schools ; became a journalist; assistant assessor of Boston in 1884; elected the same year to the state house of repre- sentatives and reelected seven consecutive terms; chairman of the Democratic members of the house; member of the state senate in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); again a member of the state legislature, 1906-1907; member of the state senate, 1908; engaged in business in Roxbury, Mass. McEwan, Thomas, jr., a Representative from New Jersey; born in Paterson, N. J., February 26, 1854; attended the public schools of Paterson; became a civil engineer; subsequently studied law and was admitted to the bar; assessor of the fourth district, Jersey City, for two years, 1886-1887; United States commissioner and chief supervisor of elections for the district of New Jersey from August, 1892, to October, 1893; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1892; member of the state assembly in 1893; Republican leader of the house in the assembly of 1894; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899). McFadden, Obadiah Benton, a Delegate from Washington territory; born in West Middletown, Washington county, Pa., November 18, 1815; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1838, and practiced; elected state representative in 1843; appointed a justice of the supreme court of Oregon territory in 1853, of Washington territory in 1854, and chief justice of the latter in 1858; served until 1861; member of the legislative council; elected as a Democrat a Delegate to the Forty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died in Olym- pia, Wash., June 25, 1875. McFarlan, Duncan, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Laurel Hill, N. C. ; attended the common schools; member of the state house of commons, 1792; elected to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March3, 1807); served in the state senate in 1793; died in Laurel Hill, N. C., Septem- ber 7, 1816. McFarland, William, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Dandridge, Tenn., September 15, 1821; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; engaged in tan- ning and other business until 1861; engaged in the practice of law in 1865; held several local judicial offices; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); unsuc- cessful candidate for reelection to the Forty-fifth Congress; died in Morristown, Tenn.. April 13, 1900. McGann, Lawrence Edward, a Representa- tive from Illinois; born in Ireland, February 2, 1852; emigrated to the United States with his mother in 1855, and settled in Milford, Mass.; at- tended the public schools; moved to Chicago, 111., in 1865, and there worked in the boot and shoe trade until 1879; employed as clerk in the service of the city until 1885; appointed superintendent of streets January 1, 1885, and resigned May, 1891; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Fifty-fourth Congress, but his election was successfully contested by Hugh R. Belknap, and he served from March 4, 1895, until December 2, 1895, when he resigned; commissioner of public works, Chicago, 1897-1901; city comptroller 1901- 1907; again commissioner of public works in 1911. McGaughey, Edward Wilson, a Representa- tive from Indiana; born in Greencastle, Ind., Jan- uary 16, 1817; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1835, and practiced; member of the state senate in 1842; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1847); reelected to the Thirty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-second Con- gress; died in San Francisco, Gal., August 6, 1852. McGaughey, Richard W., a Representative from Indiana; resident of Rockville, Ind.; elected to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851). McGavin, Charles, a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Riverton, Sangamon county, 111., January 10, 1874; attended common schools in Springfield, and the high school in Mount Olive, 111.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1897, and practiced two years in Springfield; moved to Chicago in 1899, where he continued in practice; became assistant city attorney in 1903; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1909) ; resumed the practice of law in Los Angeles, Cal. McGowan, Jonas Hartzell, a Representative from Michigan; born in the township of Smith- town, Mahoning (then Columbiana) county, Ohio, April 2, 1837; moved with his parents to Orland, Steuben county, Ind., in 1854; was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1861; taught in the city schools of Coldwater, Mich., for one year, and then enlisted as a private in the fifth Michigan cavalry volunteers; afterwards promoted to cap- tain; raised a company for the ninth Michigan cavalry, and went into active service with that regiment in the spring of 1863; by reason of inju- ries received in a cavalry charge was disabled, and resigned his commission in February, 1864, and re- turned to Coldwater, Mich.; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1867; from 1868 to 1872 prosecuting attorney of Branch county; served one term as state senator and seven years as regent of the University of Michigan; elected as a Republi- can to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); resumed the prac- tice of law in Washington, D. C., where he died July 5, 1910. McGrew, James Clark, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Monongalia county, Va. (now West Virginia), September 14, 1813; attended the common schools; engaged in mercantile pur- suits and banking; delegate to the state convention of 1861; member of the state house of representa- tives, 1863-1865; managing director of the West Virginia insane hospital for many years; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); last sur- vivor of the Virginia secession convention; died in Kingwood, W. Va., September 18, 1910. 832 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. McGuire, Bird Segle, a Delegate and a Repre- sentative from Oklahoma; born in Belleville, 111., October 13, 1865; moved with his parents to Ran- dolph county, Mo., in 1867, where they resided upon a farm until the spring of 1881, when they moved to Chautauqua county, Kans., and then to Indian territory; engaged in the cattle business; attended the state normal school in Emporia, Kans. , and taught school several terms; attended the law department of the university in Lawrence; was admitted to the bar; returned to Chautauqua, Kans., and practiced; county attorney 1890-1895; moved to Pawnee county, Okla., in 1895, and prac- ticed law; in 1897 appointed assistant United States attorney for Oklahoma territory, in which capacity he served until after his nomination for Congress; elected as a Republican a Delegate to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1909); elected as a Re- publican to the Sixty-first Congress, and served from December 2, 1907, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. McHatton, Robert, native of Virginia; moved to Georgetown, Ky.; elected as a Jackson Demo- crat to the Nineteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Johnson; reelected to the Twentieth Congress, and served from Decem- ber 7, 1826, to March 3, 1829; died in George- town, Ky. McHenry, Henry D., a Representative from Kentucky; born in Hartford, Ky., February 27, 1826; was graduated from Transylvania law school in 1845; member of the state house of representa- tives 1851-1853 and 1865-1867; member of the state senate 1861-1865; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March .4, 1871-March 3, 1873); member of the state constitutional conven- tion of 1891; died in Hartford, Ky., December 17, 1890. McHenry, James, a Delegate from Maryland; born in Ireland, November 16, 1753; pursued classi- cal studies; member of Washington's "military family" from 1778 to 1780; surgeon in the fifth Pennsylvania battalion during the Revolution; member of the Mary land senate 1781-1786; aid-de- camp to Gen. Lafayette during the Revolution; member of the state house of representatives 1781- 1786; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1783- 1786, and in the Federal constitutional convention of 1787 ; Secretary of War January 29, 1796, to May 13, 1800; died in Baltimore, Md., May 3, 1816. McHenry, John Geiser, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Benton township, Columbia county, Pa., April 26, 1868; attended the public schools and Orangeville academy; banker, manu- facturer, and farmer; state superintendent of the Grange National banks throughout Pennsylvania; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, .1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Died in Benton, La., December 27, 1912. McHenry, John Hardin, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Washington county, Ky., October 13, 1797; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; member of the state legislature from Ohio county, in 1840; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); member of the state constitutional conven- tions of 1849; died in Owensboro, Ky., Novem- ber 1, 1871. Mcllvaine, Abraham Robinson, a Represent- ative from Pennsylvania; born in Ridley, Dela- ware county, Pa., August 14, 1804; attended the common schools; became a farmer in Chester county, Pa.; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1836-1837; Presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1840; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1949); died in Chester county, Pa., August 22, 1863. Mcllvaine, Joseph, a Senator from New Jersey; born in Bristol, Bucks county, Pa., October 2, 1769; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1791 in Burlington, N. J.; county court clerk 1800-1823; United States attorney for New Jersey 1801-1820; appointed judge of the superior court of New Jersey in 1818, but declined; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel L. Southard, and served from November 12, 1823, until his death in Burlington, N. J., August 19. 1826. Mclndoe, Walter Duncan, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Dumbartonshire, Scot- land, March 30, 1819; emigrated to America in 1823; engaged in business in New York, Charleston, and St. Louis; finally located in Wisconsin and en- gaged in the lumber business; member of the state house of representatives 1850, 1854, and 1855; un- successful candidate for governor of Wisconsin in 1857 ; presidential elector on the Republican tickets of 1856 and 1860; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death pf Luther Hanchett; reelected to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses, and served from January 26, 1863, to March 3, 1867; died in Wausau, Wis., August 22, 1872. Mclntire, Rufus, a Representative from Maine; born in York, Me., December 19, 1774; was grad- uated from Dartmouth college in 1809; studied law, was admitted to the -bar in 1812, and com- menced practice in Parsonsfield, Me., in 1812; served in the war of 1812; member of the state house of representatives; county attorney; member of the boundary commission in 1826; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1835); state land agent 1839-1840; United States marshal for Maine and surveyor of the port of Portland; died in Parsons- field, Me., April 28, 1866. Mclntire, William Watson, a Representative from Maryland; born in Chambersburg, Franklin county, Pa., June 30, 1850; moved with parents to Washington county, Md.; learned the trade of machinist; moved in July, 1872, to Baltimore; re- ceived an appointment in the United States rail- way mail service in 1874; remained in this service until 1885, when he resigned ; attended Hagerstown academy; studied law and was admitted to the Baltimore bar; elected as a Republican to the city council of Baltimore in 1887, and reelected in 1888; in the campaign of 1895 was treasurer of the Mary- land Republican state and city committees; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1889); member Baltimore sewerage commission; died in Baltimore county, Md., March 30, 1912. Mclntyre, Archibald Thompson, a Repre- sentative from Georgia; born in Twiggs county, BIOGKAPHIES. 833 Ga., October 27, 1822; attended Thomasville academy; studied law in Monticello, Fla., and Macon, Ga., was admitted to the bar and practiced; member of the state house of representaives in 1849 ; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1865; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873). McJunkin, Ebenezer, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Center Top, Butler county, Pa., March 28, 1819; was graduated from Jefferson college, Pennsylvania, in 1841; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1843, and practiced in Butler, Pa.; deputy attorney general for Butler county, 1850; delegate in the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1860; Republican presi- dential elector in 1864; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1871, until he resigned January 1, 1875; died in Butler, Pa., November 10, 1907. MeKaig, William McMahon, a Representative from Maryland; born in Cumberland, Allegany county, Md., July 29, 1845; attended the Carroll school and the Allegany county academy; studied law, and was admitted to the Allegany bar April, 1868; moved to Colorado territory in 1873; and thereafter followed mining in Utah, California, Mexico, Central and South America; returned to New York, and then located in Maryland; ap- pointed city attorney of Cumberland in 1876; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1877; member of the state senate in 1887 ; mayor of Cum- berland in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1895); died in Cumberland, Md., June 6, 1907. McKay, James J., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Bladen county, N. C., in 1793; pursued classical studies; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; United States attorney for North Carolina for a number of years ; member of the state senate 1815-1819, 1822, 1826, and 1830; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -second, and to the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1849); died in Goldsboro, N. C., September 14, 1853. McKean, James Bedell, a Representative from New York; born in Hoosick, N. Y., August 5, 1821; pursued an academic course; taught school for sev- eral terms and served as superintendent of public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1847, and commenced practice in Saratoga Springs in 1849; county judge, 1854-1858; elected as a Re- publican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); colonel of the seventy -seventh New York volunteers in the Civil war; appointed chief justice of Utah by Presi- dent Lincoln, and served until 1875; died in Salt Lake City, Utah, January 5, 1879. McKean, Samuel, a Representative and a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Huntingdon county, Pa., September 19, 1790; attended the common schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; member of the state legislature, 1815- 1819; elected as a Democrat to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1829); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1833, to March 3, 1839; died in Burlington, McKean county, Pa., June 28, 1840. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 53 McKean, Thomas, a Delegate from Delaware; born in New London, Chester county, Pa., Novem- ber 19, 1734; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1754, and commenced practice in Newcastle, Del.; colonial representative 1762-1769; delegate from Delaware to the general congress in New York City in 1765, and to the Continental Congress 1774-1783; chief justice of Pennsylvania, 1776-1798; elected president of the state of Delaware in 1776; president of congress in 1781; served in the Revo- lutionary army; moved to Pennsylvania; delegate in the state constitutional convention ; governor of Pennsylvania, 1799-1808; died in Philadelphia, Pa., June 24, 1817. McKee, George Colin, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Joliet, 111., October 2, 1837; attended Knox college and Lombardy university; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1858; city attorney in Centralia; served throughout the Civil war with distinction from private in the eleventh Illinois infantry to brigadier general of volunteers; resumed practice of law in Vicksburg, Miss. ; member of the state constitutional conven- tion of 1867; appointed register in bankruptcy in 1867; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress, but the state was refused representation; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first, Forty- second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1875); postmaster of Jackson, Miss., for four years; died in Jackson, Miss., November 17, 1890. McKee, John, a Representative from Alabama; native of Rockbridge county, Va.; pursued an academic course; located in Tuscaloosa, Ala.; United States Indian agent to the Choctaws; elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twen- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1829); died in Tuscaloosa, Ala., about 1834. McKee, Samuel, a Representative from Ken- tucky; native of Virginia; moved to Kentucky; delegate in the state constitutional convention; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1817). McKee, Samuel, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born near Mount Sterling, Montgomery county, Ky., November 5, 1833 ; attended the com- mon schools; was graduated from Miami university, Ohio, in 1857, and the Cincinnati law school in 1858; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Mount Sterling, Ky., served in the Civil war as captain of volunteers; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); pension agent in Louisville, Ky., 1869-4871; re- sumed the practice of law; died in Louisville, Ky., December 11, 1898. McKeighan, William Arthur, a Representa- tive from Nebraska; born in Cumberland county, N. J., January 19, 1842; moved with his parents to Fulton county, 111., in 1848, where he lived on a farm and attended the common school; enlisted in the eleventh regiment Illinois cavalry; Septem- ber, 1861; at the close of the war, located on a farm near Pontiac, 111.; moved to Nebraska in 1880 and engaged in farming near Red Cloud ; took an active interest in organizing the Alliance; elected county judge of Webster county in 1885; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); died in Hastings, Nebr., December 15, 1895. 834 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. McKenna, Joseph, a Representative from Cali- fornia; born in Philadelphia, Pa., August 10, 1843; moved to California with his parents in January, 1855; attended the public schools and was gradu- ated from Benicia collegiate institute in 1865; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 18G5; district attorney of Solano county for two terms, com- mencing in March, 1866 ; member of the state legis- lature 1875 and 1876; unsuccessful Republican candidate for Congress in 1876, and in 1879; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty- first, and Fifty-second Congresses and served from March 4, 1885, to March 23, 1892, when he resigned; appointed by President Harrison United States circuit judge February 11, 1892, and was confirmed March 17, 1892; Attorney General of the United States under President William McKinley March 7, 1897-January 25, 1898; appointed by President McKinley a justice of the United States supreme court January 26, 1898. McKennan, Thomas McKean Thompson, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in New- castle county, Del., March 31, 1794; was graduated from Washington and Jefferson college in 1810; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1814, and commenced practice in Washington, Pa.; deputy attorney general 1815-1816; elected as a Whig to the Twenty -second, Twenty-third, Twenty -fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1839); reelected to the Twenty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); Secretary of the Interior under President Fillmore, August 15 to September 12, 1850; died in Reading, Pa., July 9, 1852. McKenney, William Robertson, a Represent- ative from Virginia; born in Petersburg, Va., December 2, 1851; attended McCabe's university school, Petersburg, and the University of Virginia; was graduated from a number of the departments of that institution; taught school for two years, and in the fall of 1875 entered the law school of said university; was graduated in June, 1876, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Petersburg, Va.; elected president of the city council of Petersburg in the spring of 1888 and served six years; presidential elector on the Demo- cratic ticket in 1888, and in 1892 a Delagate to the Democratic national convention in Chicago; served as a member of the Democratic state execu- tive committee; presented credentials as a Demo- cratic Member-elect to the Fifty-fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1895, until May 2, 1896, when he was succeeded by Robert T. Thorp, who successfully contested his election; resumed the practice of law in Petersburg, Va. McKenty, Jacob K., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Douglasville, Pa., in 1827; was graduated from Yale college in 1848; studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Reading, Pa., in 1851; elected county attorney in 1856; elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Schwartz, and served from December 3, 1860, to March 3, 1861; died in Douglasville, Pa., January 3, 1863. McKenzie, James Arthur, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Christian county, Ky., August 1, 1840; attended the common schools of Christian county and Centre college, Danville, Ky.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1861, and practiced; also engaged in farming; member of the state legislature 1867-1871; Democratic elector for the state at large in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); secretary of state of Kentucky under Gov. J. Proctor Knptt; commissioner to the World's fair, Chicago; minister to Peru under Cleveland's last administration; resigned, and located on is farm near Long View, Ky.; died in Oak Grove, Ky., June 25, 1904. McKenzie, Lewis, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Alexandria, Va., October 7, 1810; pursued an academic course; prominently engaged in shipping and mercantile pursuits; city council- man for a number of years; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-seventh Congress to fill vacancy caused by the unseating of Charles H. Upton, and served from February 16, 1863, to March 3, 1863, and as a Union Conservative to the Forty- first Congress, and served from January 31, 1870, to March 3, 1871; president of the Washington & Ohio railroad company; appointed postmaster of Alexandria, Va., in 1878; died in Alexandria, Va., June 28, 1895. McKeon, John, a Representative from New York; born in Albany, N Y., in 1808; was grad- uated from Columbia college in 1828; studied law, was admitted to the bar, in 1828, and practiced in New York City; member of the state assembly 1832-1834; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-eighth Congresses; district attorney for New York county 1846-1851, and again elected in 1881; appointed United States district attorney for the southern district of New York in 1853: died in New York City, November 23, 1883. McKibbin, Joseph C., a Representative from California; born in Pennsylvania in 1824; pursued an academic course; moved to California; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); died in Marshall Hall, Charles county, Md., July 1, 1896. McKim, Alexander, a Representative from Maryland; born in Baltimore, Md., January 10, 1748; pursued an academic course; member of the state house of representatives in 1778; served in the Revolutionary war; member of the state senate in 1806 and reelected in 1808; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1815) ; first president of the Merchants' national bank of Baltimore; pre- siding judge of the Baltimore county orphans' court; died in Baltimore, Md., January 18, 1832. McKim, Isaac, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Baltimore, Md., July 21, 1775; at- tended the public schools; engaged in mercantile pursuits; served in the war of 1812 as aid-de-camp to Gen. Samuel Smith; member of the state senate for one term; elected as a Democrat to the Seven- teenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel Smith; reelected to the Eighteenth Congress and served from January 8, 1823, to March 3, 1825); again elected to the Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1838, until his death in Baltimore, Md., April 1, 1838. McKinlay, Duncan E., a Representative from California; born in Orillia, Ontario, Canada, Octo- BIOGRAPHIES. 835 her 6, 1862; attended the common schools, and then learned the trade of carriage painting and worked in Flint, Mich.; San Francisco, Sacramento, and Santa Rosa, Cal. ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar by the supreme court of California in 1892; presidential elector at large on the Republican ticket in 1896; appointed assistant United States attorney at San Francisco in 1901; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); appointed United States surveyor of customs for the port of San Francisco, Cal. McKinley, John, a Senator and a Representa- tive from Alabama; born in Culpeper county, Va., May 1, 1780; moved to Kentucky; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Louisville, Ky.; moved to Huntsville, Ala.; mem- ber of the state house of representatives; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Henry Cham- bers, and served from November '27, 1826, to March 3, 1831; elected to the Twenty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); again elected a United States Senator for the term beginning March 4, 1837, and resigned April 22, 1837; ap- pointed an associate justice of the United States supreme court April 22, 1837, and served until his death in Louisville, Ky., July 19, 1852. McKinley, William, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of that state; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John G. Jackson, and served from December 21, 1810, to March 3, 1811. McKinley, William, jr., a Representative from Ohio; born in Niles, Ohio, January 29, 1843; enlisted in the United States army on June 23, 1861, as a private soldier in the twenty-third Ohio volunteer infantry, and was mustered out as captain and brevet major of the same regiment; prosecuting attorney of Stark county, Ohio, 1869-1871; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March -4, 1877-March 3, 1883): presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Forty-eighth Congress, and served from March 4, 1883, until May 27, 1884, when he was succeeded by Jonathan H. Wallace, who contested his elec- tion; reelected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); elected governor of Ohio in 1891 and inaugu- rated January 11, 1892; reelected in 1893, and served until 1896; elected President of the United States in November, 1896; reelected in 1900; assas- sinated by an anarchist while attending the Pan American exposition in Buffalo, N. Y., September 6, 1901, and died in that city September 14, 1901; interment in Canton, Ohio. McKinley, William Brown, a Representative from Illinois; born in Petersburg, 111., Septembers, 1856; attended the common schools and the Uni- versity of Illinois; farmer and banker in Cham- paign, 111.; trustee of the University of Illinois; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1908; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty -first Congresses (March 4, 1905- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. McKinney, James, a Representative from Illi- nois, born in Oquawka, 111., April 14, 1852; attended the public schools and was graduated from Mon- mouth college in 1874; elected president of the Aledo bank; member of the Republican state cen- tral committee; appointed by Gov. Yates in 1901 a member ot the state railroad and warehouse commission, but resigned in 1902; president of the Aledo board of education ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Benjamin F. Marsh; reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from December 4, 1905, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. McKinney, John Franklin, a Representative from Ohio; born near Piqua, Ohio, April 12, 1827; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Piqua in 1851; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty- ninth Congress; reelected to the Forty -second Con- gress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died near Piqua, Ohio, June 13, 1903. McKinney, Luther Franklin, a Representa- tive from New Hampshire ; born near Newark, Lick- ing county, Ohio, April 25, 1841; attended the common schools; enlisted in the first Ohio cavalry in August, 1861, and served as sergeant until 1863y when he was discharged for disabilities resulting from typhoid fever; in the spring of 1865 moved to the state of Iowa, where he remained until the fall of 1867, engaged in farming and teaching; was graduated from the St. Lawrence university, Can- ton, N. Y., June 30, 1870; moved to Maine and entered the ministry; moved to New Hampshire in 1873; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); reelected to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); was minister to Colombia, South America, 1893-1897; member of the state legislature of Maine, 1907-1908; merchant and clergyman in Bridgton, Me. ^ McKissock, Thomas, a Representative from New York; born in Montgomery, Orange county, N." Y., in 1790; studied medicine and law, com- menced practice of the latter in Newburgh; ap- pointed a puisne justice of the supreme court in 1847; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); unsuccessful candi- date for reelection to the Thirty -second Congress; died in St. Andrews, Orange county, N. Y., in 1866; interment in Oldtown cemetery, Newburgh, N. Y. McKnight, Robert, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Pittsburgh, Pa., January 27, 1820; was graduated from Princeton college in 1839; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1842, and commenced practice in Pittsburgh in 1842; city councilman 1847-1849; elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); died in Pittsburgh, Pa., October 25, 1885. McLachlan, James, a Representative from Cal- ifornia; born in Argyllshire, Scotland, August 1, 1852; came with his parents to Tompkins county, N. Y., where he was reared on a farm, and attended the public schools; taught in the public schools, and while engaged in that work prepared himself for college; elected school commissioner of Tomp- kins county, N. Y., in 1877; was graduated from Hamilton college, New York, in 1878; studied law, and was admitted to practice in the supreme court of New York state in 1880; practiced in Ithaca, N. Y., 1881-1888; moved to Pasadena, Cal., and there continued the practice of his profession; elected district attorney of Los Angeles county, 836 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. Cal., in 1890; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); reelected to the Fifty -seventh, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Pasadena, Cal. McLain, Frank Alexander, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Amite county, Miss., January 29, 1853; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the University of Mis- sissippi in June, 1874; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Liberty, Miss., in 1880; elected to the state, legislature in 1881 for a term of two years; elected district attorney for his judicial district in 1883, and served for three consecutive terms of four years each; member of the constitutional convention of Mississippi in 1890; resigned the office of district attorney January 1, 1896, and resumed law practice in Gloster, Miss. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William F. Love; reelected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses, and served from December 12, 1898, to March 3, 1909; state supreme court commissioner and a resi- dent of Jackson, Miss. McLanahan, James Xavier, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born near Greencastle, Pa., in 1809; was graduated from Dickinson college in 1826; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Chambersburg, Pa.; mem- ber of the state senate in 1841; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); died in New York City, December 16, 1861. McLane, Louis, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Delaware; born in Smyrna, Del., May 28, 1786; entered the United States navy in 1798; studied law, *tvas admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Smyrna in 1807; served in the war of 1812; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nine- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1827); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1827, until April 16, 1829, when he resigned; minister to England April 18, 1829, to July 6, 1831; Secretary of the Treasury of the United States August 8, 1831, to May 29, 1833; Secretary of State of the United States May 29, 1833, to June 2, 1834; again minister to England June 16, 1845, to August 18, 1846; delegate in the Maryland constitutional convention of 1850; presi- dent of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad 1837-1847; died in Baltimore, Md., October 7, 1857. McLane, Robert Milligan, a Representative from Maryland; born in Wilmington, Del., June 23, 1815; completed preparatory studies; attended St. Mary's college in 1827, and the College Bour- bon, Paris, in 1829; appointed a cadet at West Point by President Jackson in 1833; was grad- uated in July, 1837, and commissioned second lieu- tenant of artillery; served with his regiment dur- ing the Florida wars 1837-1838; transferred to the corps of topographical engineers in 1838, then newly reorganized, and served until he resigned from the army in 1843; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Baltimore, Md. ; elected to the Maryland house of delegates in 1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); presidential elector on the Pierce ticket in 1852; in 1853 appointed commissioner to China, with the powers of a minister plenipotentiary, and at the same time accredited to Japan, Siam, Korea, and Cochin China; delegate in the Democratic national convention in Cincinnati in 1856; ap- pointed envoy extraordinary and minister pleni- potentiary to the republic of Mexico in 1859; dele- gate in the Democratic national convention in St. Louis in 1876; member of the state senate of Mary- land in 1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879- March 3, 1883); elected governor of Maryland in 1883, and resigned in 1885; appointed by President Cleveland United States minister to France March 23, 1885, and served four years; died in Paris, France, April 26, 1898. McLaughlin, James C., a Representative from Michigan; born in Illinois; moved to Muskegon, Mich., in 1864; attended the public schools of Muskegon and the literary and law departments of the University of Michigan, and was graduated from the latter in 1883; prosecuting attorney of Muskegon county; in 1901 appointed by the gover- nor of the state a member of the board of state tax commissioners and state board of assessors, in the latter capacity taking part in the first assessment of railroad property of the state for taxation; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Elected to the Sixty-second Congress. McLaurin, Anselm Joseph, a Senator from Mississippi; born in Brandon, Miss., March 26, 1848; moved with his parents to Smith county, attended the common schools, and Summerville institute; enlisted in the Confederate army in 1864 and served as a private; again attended the Sum- merville institute 1865-1867; studied law, was admitted to the bar July 3, 1868, and began prac- tice in Raleigh, Miss. ; elected district attorney in 1871; member of the state house of representatives in 1879; presidential elector for the state at large in 1888; delegate in the constitutional convention of 1890; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Edward C. Walthall, and served from February 7, 1894, to March 3, 1895; governor of Mississippi in 1895, and served four years; reelected to the United States Senate as a Democrat in 1900 and 1907, and served from March 4, 1901, until his death in Bran- don, Miss., December 22, 1909. McLaurin, John Loundes, a Representative and a Senator from South Carolina; born in Red Bluff, Marlboro county, S. C., May 9, 1860; at- tended the common schools in Bennettsville and Bethel military academy, near Warrenton, Va., Swarthmore college, Philadelphia; Carolina mili- tary institute, and the University of Virginia; studied law in the last-named school, was admitted to the bar in 1882, and practiced in Marlboro county; elected to the general assembly of South Carolina in 1890; elected attorney general of the state in 1891; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Eli T. Stackhouse; reelected to the Fifty- third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses, and served from December 5, 1892, until May 31, 1897, when he resigned; appointed, and subse- quently elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Joseph H. Earle, and served from June 1, 1897, to March 3, 1903; engaged in farming near Bennettsville, S. C. McLean, Alney, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Burke county, N. C., June 10, 1779; moved to Kentucky; studied law, was admitted to BIOGRAPHIES. 837 the bar, and practiced in Greenville, Ky.; member of the state house of representatives; served in the war of 1812; surveyor of Muhlenburg county; elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815- March 3, 1817); reelected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); circuit judge from 1821 until his death in Muhlenburg county, Ky., December 30, 1841. McLean, Finis E., a Representative from Ken- tucky; native of Kentucky; state representa- tive from Elkton; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851). McLean, James Henry, a Representative from Missouri; born in Ayrshire, Scotland, August 13, 1829; reared in Nova Scotia, and moved to the United States; studied medicine and surgery in St. Louis, Mo., and was graduated in 1863, and practiced in St. Louis; elected as a Republican to the Forty -seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Thomas Allen, and served from December 15, 1882, to March 3, 1883; died in Dansville, N. Y., August 12, McLean, John, a Representative from Ohio; born in Morris county, N. J., March 11, 1785; moved to Morgan town, Va., in 1789; to Nicholas- ville, Ky., in 1790; to Maysville, Ky., in 1793, and to Lebanon, "Ohio, in 1797; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Lebanon, Ohio, in 1807; elected as a War Democrat to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1813, until his resignation in 1816; elected state supreme court judge in 1816; appointed commis- sioner of the United States general land office Sep- tember 11, 1822; Postmaster General of the United States December 9, 1823, to March 7, 1829; asso- ciate justice of the United States supreme court March 7, 1829, until his death in Cincinnati, Ohio, April 4, 1861. McLean, John, a Representative and a Senator from Illinois; born in North Carolina February 4, 1791; pursued an academic course; moved to Illi- nois in 1815; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Shawneetown, 111.; member of the state house of representatives, and elected speaker; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); elected United States Senator to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Ninian Edwards, and served from Decem- ber 20, 1824, to March 3, 1825; again elected Sen- ator, and served from December 7, 1829, until his death in Shawneetown, 111., October 14, 1830. McLean, Moses, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Gettysburg, Pa., June 17, 1804; pursued an academic course; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Gettysburg in 1825; elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); member of the state house of representatives in 1855; died in Gettysburg, Pa., October 1, 1870. McLean, Samuel, a Delegate from Montana Territory; born in Summit Hill, Carbon county, Pa., August 7, 1826; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849, and practiced in Mauch Chunk, Pa.; district attorney of Carbon county, Pa., 1855- 1860; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-1867); died in Burkeville, Va., July 16, 1877. McLean, William, a Representative from Ohio; born in Morris county, N. J.; attended the public schools; moved to Ohio; appointed receiver of public moneys in Piqua, Ohio; elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1829); died in Cincinnati, Ohio, October 12, 1839. McLean, William P., a Representative from Texas; born in Hinds county, Miss., August 9, 1836; moved to Marshall, Tex., in 1839; was gradu- ated from the University of North Carolina in 1857; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the Confederate army throughout the Civil war; member of the Texas legislature in 1861 and 1869; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875). McLene, Jeremiah, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cumberland county, Pa., in 1767; attended the common schools; served in the Revo- lutionary war; member of the state house of repre- sentatives, 1807-1808; moved to Columbus, Ohio, in 1816; secretary of state of Ohio, 1808-1831; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); died in Washington, D. C., March 19, 1837. McMahon, John A., a Representative from Ohio; born in Frederick county, Md., February 19, 1833; attended Saint Xavier's college, Cincinnati, and was graduated in 1849; began the study of law in January, 1851, in Dayton, was admitted to the bar in June, 1854, and practiced in Dayton, Ohio; a delegate at large to the national Democratic con- ventions in Baltimore in 1872 and in St. Louis in 1904; elected as. a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1881); resumed the practice of law in Dayton, Ohio. McManus, William, a Representative from New York, a native of Rensselaer county, N. Y. ; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827); died in Troy, N. Y. McMillan, James, a Senator from Michigan; born in Hamilton, Ontario, May 12, 1838; moved to Detroit, Mich., in 1855, where he entered upon a business career; purchasing agent of the Detroit & Milwaukee railroad; an organizer of the Michigan Car company in 1863; built, and was president of the Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic railroad, and was largely interested in shipbuilding and lake transportation companies; member of the Repub- lican state central committee in 1876, and on the death of Zachariah Chandler made chairman ; again in 1886 and 1890 elected chairman of the com- mittee; for three years was president of the Detroit board of park commissioners and for four years a member of the Detroit board of estimates; Repub- lican presidential elector in 1884; elected to the United .States Senate in 1889; reelected in 1895 and 1901, and served from March 3, 1889, until his death in Manchester, Mass., August 10, 1902. McMillan, Samuel, a Representative from New York; born in county Down, town of Drumore. Ireland, August 6, 1850; came to this country and settled in New York City; moved with his parents to Niles, Ohio; attended the common schools; re- turned to New York City and took up the trade of carpenter; attended night school as a student of architecture; elected director of the West Side bank; vice president of the Bronx Borough bank and of the Washington savings bank ; director and member of the executive committee of the Mutual bank of New York City; also vice president of the 838 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Ryan-Parker construction company, contractors for the new Manhattan bridge over the East River from New York City to Brooklyn; member of the board of examiners of building department, city of New York, for twelve years, and park commis- sioner and president of the board for three years under Mayor Strong's administration; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909). McMillan, Samuel James Benwick, a Senator from Minnesota; born in Brownsville, Pa., Febru- ary 22, 1826; completed preparatory studies; was graduated from Duquesne college, Pittsburgh, in 1846; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849, and commenced practice in Still water, Minn., in 1852; elected judge of the first judicial circuit in 1857; appointed and subsequently elected associate justice of the state supreme court in 1864; reelected and served until his resignation in 1874; appointed in 1874, and afterwards reelected, chief justice of the state supreme court, and resigned; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1875; reelected in 1881, and served from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1887; died in St. Paul, Minn., October 3, 1897. McMillan, William, a Delegate from the North- west Territory; born in Washington county, Va., in 1760; was graduated from William and Mary college ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; moved to Fort Washington (now Cincinnati, Ohio,) in 1787; held several local offices; elected to the territorial legislature in 1799; elected to the Sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of William Henry Harrison, and served from November 24, 1800, to March 3, 1801; United States district attorney for Ohio; died near Cincinnati, Ohio, in June, 1804. McMillin, Benton, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Monroe county, Ky., September 11, 1845; attended Phylomath academy, Tennessee, and Kentucky university, in Lexington; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice in Celina, Tenn., in 1871; member of the state house of representatives in 1874; commissioned by the governor to treat with the state of Kentucky for the purchase of territory in 1875; chosen elector on the Tilden and Hendricks ticket in 1876; commis- sioned by the governor special judge of the cir- cuit court in 1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -sixth, and to the nine succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1879, until his resigna- tion, January 16, 1899; elected governor of Ten- nessee and reelected, and served until 1903; en- gaged in the insurance business in Nashville, Tenn. McMprran, Henry Gorden, a Representative from Michigan; born in Port Huron, Mich., June 11, 1844; attended public schools; engaged in the grocery business, milling, grain and elevator trade; general manager of the Port Huron & Northwestern railway from 1878 to 1889; alderman and city treasurer of Port Huron; member of the canal com- mission; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1903-Mach 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. McMullen, Fayette, a Representative from Virginia; born in Virginia in 1810; pursued an academic course; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1857); governor of Washington Territory 1857-1861; elected a representative from Virginia to the Sec- ond confederate congress, and served to the end of the Confederacy; died in Wytheville, Va., No- vember 8, 1880. McNag-ny, William For^y, a Representative from Indiana; born in Summit county, Ohio, April 19, 1850; moved in early life to Whitley county, Ind.; attended the public schools; taught school and worked on a farm for six years; employed four years as station agent for Pennsylvania company; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1873, and practiced in Columbia City; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Columbia City, Ind. McNair, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Bucks county, Pa., in 1800; pursued preparatory studies; became a resident of Norris- town, Pa.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851- March 3, 1855); died in Evansport, Va., August 7, 1861. McNary, William Sarsfield, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in North Arlington, Mass., March 29, 1863 ; attended the public schools; engaged in newspaper work, reporter and manag- ing editor Boston Commercial Bulletin 1880-1892: member of the state house of representatives, 1889- 1900; member of the state senate, 1891-1892; water commissioner of Boston, 1893-1894; engaged in the insurance business, and dealer in real estate; dele- gate in the Democratic national conventions of 1900 and 1904; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907). McNeely, Thompson Ware, a Representative from Illinois; born in Jacksonville, 111., October 5, 1835; was graduated from Lombard university in 1856 and from the law university of Louisville, Ky., in 1859; was admitted to the bar and prac- ticed; member of the Illinois constitutional con- vention of 1862 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1873); resumed the practive of law in Petersburg, 111. McNeill, Archibald, a Representative from North Carolina; native of Cumberland county, N. C. ; member of the state house of representatives 1808-1809 and of the state senate 1811-1815; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); reelected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827). McNulta, John, a Representative from Illinois; born in New York City, November 9, 1837; pur- sued an academic course; visited the West India Islands and Europe; moved to Attica, Ind., in 1853, and to Bloomington, 111., in 1859; engaged in the manufacture of cigars and studied law; served in the Union army; captain of the first Illinois cavalry July 3, 1861; honorably mustered out July 14, 1862; recommissioned lieutenant colonel of the ninety-fourth Illinois infantry August 20, 1862; colonel June 21, 1863; brevet brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meri- torious services in the siege and reduction of Span- ish Fort, Ala.; mustered out July 17, 1865; was admitted to the bar and commenced law practice in Bloomington, in October, 1865; member of the state senate 1869-1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March BIOGRAPHIES. 839 3, 1875); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Forty -fourth Congress; died in Washington, D. C., February 22, 1900. McPherson, Edward, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Gettysburg, Pa., July 31, 1830; attended the common schools; was graduated from Pennsylvania college in 1848; studied law; edited the " Harrisburg American" in 1851, "In- dependent Whig," Lancaster, Pa., 1851-1854; "Daily Times" Pittsburgh, Pa., 1855; elected as a Republican to the Thirty -sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); unsuc- cessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-eighth Congress; appointed deputy commissioner of internal revenue in 1863; elected clerk of the Na- tional House of Representatives in the Thirty- eighth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty- second, Forty-third, Forty -seventh, and Fifty-first Congresses; president of the national Republican convention of 1876; director of the bureau of en- graving and printing 1877-1878; editor of the Phil- adelphia Press 1877-1880; editor and proprietor of a paper in Gettysburg, Pa., 1880-1895; editor of the New York Tribune Almanac 1877-1895; Ameri- can editor of the Almanach de Gotha; died in Gettysburg, Pa., December 14, 1895. McPherson, John Bhoderic, a Senator from New Jersey; born in York, Livingston county, N. Y., May 9, 1833; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course; moved to Jersey City, N . J., in 1859; farmer and dealer in live stock; elected a member of the board of aldermen of Jersey City in 1864, and served six years; president of the board for three years; member of the state senate of New Jersey 1871-1873; presidential elector on the Tilden and Hendricks ticket in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1877; reelected in 1883 and 1889, and served from March 4, 1877, to March 3, 1895; delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1884, 1888, and 1892; died in Jersey City, N. J., October 8, 1897. McPherson, Smith, a Representative from Iowa; born near Mooresville, Morgan county, Ind., February 14, 1848; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course; attended the law school of the Iowa state university in Iowa City, from which he was graduated in June, 1870, was admitted to the bar; attorney general of Iowa Janu- ary, 1881, to January, 1885; elected as a Republi- can to the Fifty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1899, until his resignation, June 6, 1900, to accept appointment as United States district judge for the southern district of Iowa. McQueen, John, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Robeson county, N. C., in 1808; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1812; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1828, and commenced practice in Bennettsville, S. C., in 1828; served in the state militia 1833-1837; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alexander D. Sims; reelected to the Thirty-first, and to the five succeeding Congresses, and served from February 12, 1849, until his retirement, December 20, 1860; representative from South Carolina in the first Confederate congress; died in Society Hill, S. C., August 30, 1867. McBae, John Jones, a Representative and a Senator from Mississippi; born in North Carolina, January 10, 1815; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; member of the state house of representatives and of the senate for several years; served as speaker for two years; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jefferson Davis, and served from December 1, 1851, to February 19, 1852; governor of Mississippi, 1854-1858; elected as a States Right Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress, to fill vacan- cy caused by the death of John A. Quitman; re- elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and served from December 7, 1858, until he retired January 12, 1861; representative from Mississippi to the first Confederate congress; died in Belize, British Hon- duras, May 31, 1868. McBae, Thomas Chipman, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Mount Holly, Union county, Ark., December 21, 1851; attended pri- vate schools in Shady Grove, Columbia county; Mount Holly, Union county; and Falcon, Nevada county, Ark.; received a full course of instruction in Soule" business college, New Orleans, La., in 1870; was graduated in law from the Washington and Lee university, Virginia, in 1872; admitted to practice in state circuit courts in Rosston, Nevada county, Ark., January 8, 1873; member of the state legislature of Arkansas in 1877, in which year the county seat was changed, and he moved from Rosston to Prescott; member of the town council of the incorporated town of Prescott in 1879; presidential elector for Hancock and Eng- lish in 1880; chairman of the Democratic state con- vention in 1884 and in 1902 ; delegate in the national Democratic convention of 1884; Democratic national committeeman for Arkansas 1896-1900; and congressional committeeman 1888-1902 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth, and to the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1903); resumed the practice of law in Prescott, Ark. McBoberts, Samuel, a Senator from Illinois; born in Monroe county, 111., April 12, 1799; was graduated from Transylvania university; clerk of the circuit court of Monroe county, 111.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Danville, 111.; elected one of the five circuit judges of the state in 1824; United States attorney for Illinois; member of the state senate in 1828; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1841, until hia death in Cincinnati, Ohio, March 27, 1843. McBuer, Donald Campbell, a Representative from California; born in Bangor, Me., March 10, 1826; pursued an academic course; moved to San Francisco, Cal., in 1851; harbor commissioner of San Francisco; member of the board of education of San Francisco 1859-1860; elected as a Repub- lican to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865- March 3, 1867); died in St. Helena, Cal., January 29, 1898. McShane, John Albert, a Representative from Nebraska; born in New Lexington, Perry county, Ohio, August 25, 1850; attended the common schools; moved to Wyoming Territory in 1871; moved to Omaha, Nebr., in 1874, but retained his interests in Wyoming until 1883, when he merged his individual cattle interests in the Bay State live stock company; director in the First National bank of Omaha; member of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1880-1882; served in the state senate 840 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1882-1886; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1839). Me Sherry, James, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Littlestown, Adams county, Pa., July 29, 1776; attended common schools; member of the state house of representatives for twenty years; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); ded in Littlestown, Pa., February 3, 1849. McVean, Charles, a Representative from New York; born near Johnstown, N. Y., in 1802; pur- sued an academic course; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar, and commenced practice in Canajo- haire, N. Y. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); moved to New York City; appointed surrogate January 24, 1844; United States attorney for the southern district of New York in 1848; died in New York City, December 20, 1848. McWillie, William, a Representative from Mis- sissippi; born in Kershaw district, S. C., November 17, 1795; served Ihe War of 1812; was graduated from South Cc,. ^.na college in 1817; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Camden, S. C., in 1818; member of the state senate 1836-1840; moved to Madison, Miss., in September, 1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851) ; unsuccessful candidate for the Thirty-second Con- gress; governor of Mississippi 1858-1860: active in the support of the Confederacy; died in Kirkwood, Miss., March 3, 1869. Macdonald, John Lewis, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Glasgow, Scotland, Feb- ruary 22, 1836; moved with his parents to Nova Scotia; came to the United States in 1847, and located in Pittsburgh, Pa. ; moved to Minnesota in 1855, and settled in Scott county; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 1859; judge of the probate court of Scott county in 1860 and 1861; during the Civil war commissioned to enlist and muster in vol- unteers for the Union army, and served in that capacity; prosecuting attorney of Scott county, 1863-1864 ; county superintendent of schools ; mayor of Shakopee; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1869-1870, and of the state senate 1871, 1873-1876; candidate of the Democratic party for attorney general in 1872; elected judge of the eighth judicial district of Minnesota in 1876 for the term of seven years, and reelected without oppo- sition in 1883; resigned in the fall of 1886; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); resumed the practice of law in Kansas City, Mo., and died there July 13, 1903. MacDougall, Clinton Dugald, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Scotland June 14, 1839; emigrated to New York in 1842; pursued an academic course; studied law, but engaged in banking, 1856-1869; served in the Union army; commissioned captain of the seventy-fifth New York infantry September 16, 1861; lieutenant col- onel of the one hundred and eleventh New York infantry August 20, 1862; colonel January 3, 1863; brevet brigadier general of volunteers February 25, 1865; honorably mustered out June 4, 1865; ap- pointed postmaster of Auburn, N. Y., in 1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); appointed United States marshal of the western judicial district of New York in 1877. Mace, Daniel, a Representative from Indiana; born in Pickaway county, Ohio, September 5, 1811 ; attended the public schools; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Lafayette, Ind . ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1836 ; clerk of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1837; United States attorney for Indiana 1849-1853; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); reelected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855- March 3, 1857); appointed postmaster of Lafayette by President Lincoln; died in Lafayette, Ind., July 26, 1867. Machen, Willis Benson, a Senator from Ken- tucky; born in Caldwell county, Ky., April 10, 1810; attended the common schools; engaged in farming; delegate to the constitutional convention of 1849; member of the state senate in 1854; served in the state house of representatives in 1856 and 1860; elected to the first and second Confederate congresses; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Garrett Davis, and served from September 27, 1872, to March 3, 1873; died in Louisville, Ky., September 28, 1893. Machir, James, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of that state; elected to the Fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1799); died June 25, 1827. Mackey , Edmund W. M. , a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., March 8, 1846; pursued classical studies; appointed assistant assessor of internal revenue in South Carolina, September 8, 1865; studied law, and was admitted to the bar November 22, 1868; took a prominent part in the work of reconstruction; delegate in the state constitutional convention of November 19 and 20, 1867; sheriff of Charleston county 1868- 1872; elected an alderman of the city of Charleston in November, 1868, October, 1873, and in 1875; during 1871-1872 editor and proprietor of the Charleston Republican ; member of the state house of representatives in 1873; elected to the Forty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885); elected a representative to the state legislature, and upon its assembling elected speaker of the house; delegate in the Republican national convention in Philadelphia in 1872, and in Chicago in 1880; chair- man of the Republican state executive committee; assistant United States attorney for South Carolina 1878-1881; unsuccessfully contested the election of Michael P. O'Connor to the Forty -sixth Congress; successfully contested the election of Michael P. O 'Connor to the Forty-seventh Congress ; reelected to the Forty-eighth Congress, and served from May 31, 1882, until his death, January, 27, 1884. Mackey, Levi A., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Whitedeer township, Pa., Novem- ber 25, 1819; moved to Milton, Pa. ; was graduated from Union college in 1837; studied law in Dickin- son college, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Lockhaven, Pa., in 1855; dele- gate in the Whig national convention of 1852 and the Democratic national convention of 1872; mayor of Lock Haven, Pa., in 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879). Maclay, Samuel, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Pennsylvania; born in Lurgan township, Franklin county, Pa., June 17, 1741; completed BIOGRAPHIES. 841 preparatory studies; served in the Revolutionary war; associate judge of Franklin county 1792-1795; elected to the Fourth Congress (March 4, 1795- MarchS, 1797); member of the state senate 1797- 1802; and elected its speaker December 2, 1801, and reelected December 7, 1802; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1803, until his resignation, January 4, 1809; died in Union county, Pa., October 5, 1811. Maclay, William, a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in New Garden, Pa., July 20, 1737; received private instruction from Rev. John Blair in Big Spring, Pa.; served as a lieutenant in Gen. John Forbes 's expedition to Fort Duquesne in 1758, and in other expeditions against the Indians; studied law and was admitted to the bar; became a sur- veyor in the employ of the Penn family; prothon- otary and clerk of the courts of Northumberland county in 1772; served in the Continental army as a commissary in the Revolutionary war; member of the provincial assembly in 1781 ; Indian commis- sioner, judge of the court of common pleas, and member of the executive council; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, ] 1 789, to March 3, 1791 ; retired to his farm in Dauphin, Pa. ; member of the state legisla- ture in 1795; presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1796; county judge 1801-1803; again a state representative 1803-1804 ; died in Harrisburg, Pa., April 16, 1804. Maclay, William, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Lurgan township, 'Franklin county, Pa., March 22, 1765; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced; associate judge; county commissioner; member of the state house of representatives 1807-1808; elected to the Four- teenth and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4, 1815- March 3 1819); associate judge for the Cumberland district; died in Franklin county, Pa., January 4, 1825. Maclay, William Brown, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, March 20, 1812 ; was graduated from the University of the City of New York; taught Latin; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced; associate editor of the New York Quarterly Review in 1836; elected to the state house of representatives in 1839, 1841, and 1842; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1849); reelected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); died in New York City, Feb- ruary 19, 1882. Maclay, William Plunkett, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Northumberland county, Pa., August 23, 1774; attended the com- mon schools; member of the state house of repre- sentatives; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Burnside ; reelected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821); died in Milroy, Pa., September 2, 1842. Macon, Nathaniel, a Representative and a Sen- ator from North Carolina; born in Warren county, N. C., December 17, 1757; pursued classical studies and attended Princeton college ; served in the Rev- olutionary war; member of the state senate 1780- 1782 and 1784-1785; moved to a plantation on the Roanoke river; elected as a Democrat to the Second, and to the twelve succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1791, until December, 1815, when he resigned; served as Speaker of the House of Repre- sentatives 1801-1807; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of David Stone; reelected in 1819 and 1825, and served from December 5, 1815, until he resigned in 1828; elected president of the Senate pro tempore on the seventeenth ballot May 20, 1826, and was again elected January 2, 1827, and March 2, 1827, and declined a reelection on May 15, 1828; received twenty-four electoral votes for vice presi- dent in 1825; president of the state constitutional convention of 1835; presidential elector on the Dem- ocratic ticket in 1836; died in Warren county, N. C., June 29, 1837. Macon, Robert Bruce, a Representative from Arkansas; born near Trenton, Phillips county, Ark., July 6, 1859; attended private and public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1881, and practiced in Helena, Ark.; elected to the state legislature in 1882 and served two terms; elected clerk of the circuit court in 1892 and re- elected in 1894; elected prosecuting attorney of the first judicial circuit in 1898 and reelected in 1900; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Macy, John B., a Representative from Wis- consin; born in Nan tucket, Mass., March 26, 1799; moved to New York City in 1826 and in the same year to Buffalo, N. Y.; resided in Cincinnati, Ohio, 1842-1845; one of the founders of Toledo, Ohio; attended the common schools; moved to Fond du Lac, Wis., in 1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-fourth Congress; lost by the burning of the steamer Niagara on Lake Michigan, September 24, 1857. Madden, Martin B., a Representative from Illinois; born in Darlington, England, March 20, 1855; attended the public schools and a business college; member of the Chicago city council from 1889 to 1897; presiding officer of that body from 1891 to 1893; chairman of the Republican state convention in 1896; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1896 and 1900; director of the Metropolitan Trust and Savings bank of Chi- cago; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905- March 3, 1911.) Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress. Madison, Edmond Haggard, a Representative from Kansas; born in Plymouth, 111., December 18, 1865; attended the common schools; taught school; moved to Wichita, Kans., in 1885; studied law, and was admitted to practice in 1888; in the same year was elected county attorney of Ford county, Kans., and served two terms; appointed judge of the thirty-first judicial district of ^Kansas, January 1, 1900, which position he held until September 17, 1906, when he resigned to become a candidate for Congress; was elected as a Republican to the Six- tieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- gress; died in Dodge City, Kans., September 18, 1911. Maddox, John W., a Representative from Geor- gia; born in Chattooga county, Ga., June 3, 1848; attended the common schools; enlisted in the Confederate army in the sixth Georgia cavalry, and served until the end of the war; attended school 842 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. in Summerville and Bethel Church; deputy sheriff of Chattooga county; read law, was admitted to the bar in 1877, and practiced in Summerville, Ga.; mayor of Summerville, 1877; elected county com- missioner January, 1878; member of the state house of representatives 1880-1884; served in the state senate 1884-1886 ; elected judge of the superior court, Rome circuit, in 1886, and reelected in 1890; moved to Rome, Ga., in 1890; resigned the office September 1, 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- third, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1905); mayor of Rome, 1906 and 1907 ; appointed judge of the state supreme court in 1908, and elected in 1910 for four years; resident of Rome, Ga. Maffet, James Thompson, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born near Strattonville, Pa., February 2, 1837; attended the common schools and college; went to California in 1859, where he began the study of law; returned to Pennsylvania in 1870, completed his law studies in 1872, and was admitted to the bar; Republican presidential elector in 1880; had the instructions of Clarion county for Congress in 1884; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889) ; resumed the practice of law in Clarion, Pa. Madison, James, a Delegate and a Represen- tative from Virginia; born in Port Con way. King George county, Va., March 16, 1751; pursued pre- paratory studies under private tutors, and was graduated from Princeton college in 1771; pur- sued the study of law in Princeton one year; re- turned to Virginia, continued law studies, and was admitted to the bar; member of the committee of safety from Orange county in 1774; delegate in the Williamsburg, Va., convention of May, 1776; member of the first general assembly of Virginia in 1776, and was unanimously elected as a member of the executive council in 1778; delegate in the Continental Congress 1780-1783, and 1786-1788; prominent delegate in the Federal constitutional convention in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1787; elected as a Democrat to the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1797); declined the mission to France, tendered by Presi- dent Washington in 1794, as he did the portfolio of State, tendered the same year; again a member of the Virginia assembly from Orange county in 1799; Jefferson elector in 1800; appointed by Presi- dent Jefferson Secretary of State March 5, 1801; entered upon duties of the office May 2, 1801, and served until March 4, 1809; elected, as a Repub- lican, President of the United States; reelected, and served from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1817; re- tired to his estate, Montpelier, Orange county, Va.; delegate in the Virginia constitutional con- vention of 1829; rector of the University of Vir- ginia; and visitor to the college of William and Mary; died in the Montpelier mansion, Orange county, Va., June 28, 1836. Magee, John, a Representative from New York; born in Easton, Northumberland county, Pa., September 3, 1794; attended the common schools; served in the war of 1812; moved to Bath, Steuben county, N. Y., in 1818, and was elected constable; became sheriff of Steuben county, N. Y.., in 1821; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth and Twenty- first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831); delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1867; died in Watkins, N. Y., April 5, 1868. Magee, John Alexander, a Representative frotn Pennsylvania; born in Landisburg, Perry county, Pa., October 14, 1827; attended the com- mon schools; engaged in printing, and for a number of years published the Perry County Democrat; member of the state legislature in 1863; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1876 and 1896; died in New Bloomfield, Pa., November 18, 190>. Maginnis, Martin, a Delegate from Montana; born in Wayne county, N. Y., October 27, 1840; moved with his parents to Minnesota; pursued an academic course; attended Hamline university, but left to take charge of a Democratic newspaper; enlisted as a private in the first Minnesota volunteer infantry April 18, 1861; made second lieutenant after the first battle of Bull Run, promoted to first lieutenant in September, 1862, and to captain in July, 1863; served in the line of his regiment in all the campaigns and nearly all the battles of the army of the Potomac until September, 1864, when appointed major of the eleventh Minnesota volun- teers and ordered to join the army of the Cumber- land, where he served under command of Gen- eral Thomas until mustered out with his regiment in July, 1865; moved to Montana the next year; engaged in mining and subsequently in publishing and editing the Helena Daily Gazette; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1885); unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Rep- resentative in the Fifty -first Congress; state com- missioner of mineral land and president of the board of managers of the Montana soldiers home. Magner, Thomas Francis, a Representative from New York; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 8, 1860; attended the public schools; was gmduated from St. Xavier college in 1880 and from Columbia college in 1882; taught in a public school in Brook- lyn; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced from 1883; member of the New York assembly 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1895); resumed the prac- tice of law in Brooklyn, N. Y. Magoon, Henry Sterling, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Monticello, Wis., January 31, 1832; attended the Rock River seminary, Mount Morris, 111.; was graduated from the Western mili- tary college in Drennon, Ky., in 1853; studied law in the Montrose law school, Frankfort, Ky., was admitted to the bar, and practiced; professor of ancient languages in Nashville university 1855- 1857 ; returned to Wisconsin to practice law; elected district attorney in 1858; member of the state senate 1871-1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); first native of Wisconsin to serve in the state senate or in the National House of Representatives; died in Darlington, Wis., March 3, 1889. Magruder, Allan Bowie, a Senator from Louisiana; born in Kentucky in 1775; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1796, and practiced in Lexington, Ky.; moved to Louisiana and practiced; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Demo- crat to the United States Senate, and served from September 3, 1812, to March 3, 1813; died in Ope- lousas, La., April 16, 1822. Magruder, Patrick, a Representative from Maryland; born in Montgomery county. Md., in BIOGRAPHIES. 843 1768; was graduated from Princeton college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; elected to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807); clerk of the National House of Representa- tives and Librarian of Congress 1807-1815; died in Petersburg, Va., December 24, 1819. Maguire, James George, a Representative from California; born in Boston, Mass., February 22, 1853; moved with his parents to California in April, 1854; attended the public schools of Watson- ville, Santa Cruz county, Cal., and the private academy of Joseph K. Fallen, in. Watson ville; elected to the legislature of California in 1875, and served two years; was admitted to the bar by the supreme court of California in January, 1878; elected judge of the superior court of the city and county of San Francisco in 1882, and served six years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1899); unsuccessful candidate for governor in 1898; resumed the practice of law in San Francisco, Cal. Maguire, John Arthur, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Jo Daviess county, 111., Novem- ber 29, 1872; moved with his parents to Plankiriton, S. Dak. ; attended the district school; taught in dis- trict and city schools; attended the agricultural college of South Dakota; was graduated from the Iowa college of agricultural and mechanic arts, and from the law department of the University of Nebraska in 1899; deputy treasurer of Lancaster county 1899-1901; was admitted to thj bar and commenced practice in Lincoln, Nebr., in 1902; delegate in the Democratic national convention in St. Louis in 1904; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reclected to the Sixty-second Congress. Mahall, Samuel, a Representative from Maine born in North Gray, Me., June 21, 1816; attended the public schools; located in Gray; member of the state house of representatives in 1845 and 1847-1848 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); died in St. Paul, Minn., September 17, 1892. Mahany, Rowland Blennerhassett, a Repre- sentative from New York; born in Buffalo, N. Y., September 28, 1864; attended the public schools and was graduated from the high school in 1881 and from Harvard college in 1888; appointed secre- tary of legation to Chile 1890; accredited envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Ecuador 1892; unsuccessful candidate for Repre- sentative to the Fifty-third Congress in 1892; re- turned to Ecuador in 1893 and concluded the Santos treaty, negotiations for which had remained unsettled for nearly ten years; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); was admitted to the bar in 1899, and engaged in practice in Buffalo, N. Y. Mahon, Thaddeus Maclay, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Green village, Franklin county, Pa., May 21, 1840; pursued an academic course; enlisted as a private in company A, one hundred and twenty-sixth Pennsylvania volun- teers, in August, 1862; after term of service in this regiment, reenlisted as a veteran in January, 1864, in twenty-first Pennsylvania cavalry; served until September, 1865; participated in many of the engagements with the army of the Potomac, fifth corps; seriously wounded at Boydton Plank Road, Virginia, on November 4, 1864; read law, and was admitted to practice in 1871; commenced prac- tice in southern Pennsylvania; member of Penn- sylvania legislature in 1870 and 1871; president of Baltimore & Cumberland Valley railroad; member of the commission having charge of the soldiers' orphan schools of Pennsylvania; unsuccessful can- didate for election to the Forty-fourth Congress; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1907); engaged in business in Chambers- burg, Pa. Mahone, William, a Senator from Virginia; born in Southampton county, Va., December 1, 1826; was graduated from the Virginia military in- stitute in 1847; became a civil engineer and con- structor of the Norfolk & Petersburg railroad; par- ticipated in the secession movement in 1861, and took part in the capture of the Norfolk navy yard; raised and commanded the sixth Virginia regiment, and was with it in most of the battles of the penin- sular campaign, those on the Rappahannock, and those around Petersburg; made both brigadier- general and major-general in 1864, and afterwards commanded a corps in Hill's division; at the close of the war returned to railroad engineering, and in a few years became president of a trunk line from Norfolk into Tennessee; elected to the United States Senate as a readjuster, and served from March 4, 1881, until March 3, 1887; died in Wash- ington, D. C., Octobers, 1895. Mahoney, Peter Paul, a Representaive from New York; born in New York city, June 25, 1849; attended the common schools of New York city; engaged in the dry goods business for several years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Washington, D. C., March 27, 1889. Mahoney, William Frank, a Representative from Illinois; born in Chicago, 111., February 22, 1836; attended the public schools; engaged in the wholesale trade; served twelve years in the Chicago common council; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses and served from March 4, 1901 until his death in Chi- cago, 111., December 27, 1904. Majors, Thomas Jefferson, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Liberty ville, Jefferson county, Iowa, June 25, 1841; attended the common and select schools of Libertyville and the Nebraska state normal school; went to Nebraska in 1860; engaged in mercantile pursuits before and after the war; entered the Union army in June, 1861, as first lieutenant company C, first Nebraska infantry, and served successively as captain, major, and lieuten- ant-colonel of that regiment; mustered out June 15, 1866; member of the last territorial council of Nebraska; member of the first state senate; re- elected and served until appointed assessor of internal revenue for the district of Nebraska in 1869, which office he held until the office of col- lector and assessor was merged into one; twice elected governor of Nebraska; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Frank Welch; reelected a contingent (or additional) Member of the Forty- sixth Congress, and served from December 2, 1878, until March 3, 1881. Malbone, Francis, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Rhode Island; born in Newport, R. I., in 1757; received a limited schooling, and became 844 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. a merchant and trader in Newport; colonel of the Newport artillery 1792-1809 ; member of the general assembly of Rhode Island ; elected as a Federalist to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1809, until his death on the steps of the Capitol in Washington, D. C., June 4, 1809. Malby, George R., a Representative from New York; born in Canton, St. Lawrence county, N. Y., September 16, 1857; attended Canton union school and St. Lawrence university; studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected to the New York state assembly in 1890 and served in that body continuously for five years; elected leader of his party in 1893, and served as speaker in 1894; elected to the New York state senate in 1895 and served continuously in that body until January, 1907; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Mallary, Rollin Carolas, a Representative from Vermont; born in Cheshire, Conn., May 27, 1784; was graduated from Middlebury college in 1805; moved to Poultney, Yt.; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Castleton, Vt. ; successfully contested the election of Orasmus C. Merrill to the Sixteenth Congress; reelected to Seventeenth and to the four succeeding Congresses and seved from January 14, 1820 to March 3, 1831; died in Baltimore, Md., April 16, 1831. Mallory, Francis, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born near Hampton, Elizabeth City county, Va., December 12, 1807; attended the common schools; located in Hampton; was appointed mid- shipman in the United States navy in 1822; re- signed in 1826; studied law, and medicine and was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, in 1830, and prac- ticed in Norfolk, Va.; abandoned practice of medi- cine and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits in Elizabeth City county, Va.; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843); appointed navy agent at Norfolk, November 1, 1850; president of Norfolk & Petersburg railroad company 1853-1859; died in Norfolk, Va., March 26, 1860. Mallory, Meredith, a Representative from New York; native of Connecticut; attended the common schools; moved to Mammondsport, N. Y., held several local offices; and served as justice of the peace in 1838; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841). Mallory, Robert, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Madison county, Va., November 15, 1815; was graduated from the University of Vir- ginia in 1827 ; engaged in farming in La Grange, Ky . ; elected as a Union Democrat to the Thirty -sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1865); unsuccessful candi- date for reelection to the Thirty-ninth Congress; delegate in the Union national convention in Philadelphia in 1866; one of the vice presidents of the Centennial exhibition in 1876; died near New La Grange, Oldham county, Ky., August 11, 1885. Mallory, Rufus, a Representative from Oregon; born in Coventry, N. Y., January 10, 1831; pur- sued an academic course; mov.ed to Iowa in 1855; thence to Oregon in!858 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Salem in 1860; district attorney of the first judicial district in 1860, and of the third district 1862-1866; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1862; elected as a Union Republican to the Fortieth Con- gress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869). Mallory, Stephen Russell, a Senator from Florida; born in Trinidad, West Indies, in 1813; located in Key West, Fla., in 1821; attended schools in Connecticut and New York; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Key West; appointed by President Jackson customs inspector at Key West; county judge of Monroe county 1837-1845; appointed collector of the port of Key West in 1845; served in the Seminole war; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; was reelected, and served from March 4, 1851, until his retirement January 21, 1861; secretary of the navy of the confederacy; at the close of the Civil war went to La Grange, Ga., where he was arrested and imprisoned for treason, but released in 1867; moved to Pensacola, Fla., and engaged in the practice of law; died in Pensacola, Fla., November 9, 1873. Mallory, Stephen Russell, a Representative and a Senator from Florida; born in Columbia, S. C., November 2, 1848; entered Confederate army in Virginia in the fall of 1864; appointed midship- man in Confederate navy in the spring of 1865, and served until the end of the war; was graduated from Georgetown college, District of Columbia, in 1869; instructor in Latin and Greek in Georgetown college until July, 1871; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar by the supreme court of Louisiana in 1872; commenced practice in New Orleans; moved to Pensacola, Fla., in 1874 and practiced law; elected to state house of representatives in 1876; member of the state senate in 1880, and re- elected in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1895); elected to the United States Senate in 1896; reelected in 1903, and served from March 4, 1897, until his death in Pensacola, Fla., December 23, 1907. Malsh, Levi, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Conewago township, York county, Pa., November 22, 1837; attended the common schools and the York county academy; recruited a company for the Union army in 1862, and with it joined the one hundred and thirtieth Pennsylvania infantry ; promoted to lieutenant-colonel ; wounded at the battle of Antietam; prompted colonel after the battle of Fredericksburg; again wounded while leading his regiment at the battle of Chancellors- ville; after having been mustered out with his regiment at the expiration of its term of service, attended lectures in the law department of the University of Pennsylvania, and was admitted to the bar in 1864; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1867 and 1868; appointed by the legislature in 1872 one of a commission to reexam- ine and reaudit the accounts of certain public officers of York county; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879), reelected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); located in Washington, D. C., and engaged in the practice of law; died in Washington, D. C., February 26, 1899. Manderson, Charles Frederick, a Senator from Nebraska; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Febru- ary 9, 1837; attended the schools and academies BIOGRAPHIES. of his native city; moved to Canton, Ohio, in 1856, where he studied law, and waa admitted to the bar and practiced 1859-1861 ; city solicitor in 1860, and in April, 1861, entered the army as first lieutenant, company A, nineteenth regiment Ohio infantry; participated in the campaign under General Mc- Clellan in West Virginia in the summer of 1861, and afterwards in the campaigns of the Army of the Cumberland; rose through the grades of captain, major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel of the nine- teenth Ohio infantry; was in command of the regi- ment from the date of the battle of Shiloh; re- signed in April, 1865; bre vetted brigadier general of volunteers, U. S. Army, in March, 1865, "for gallant, long-continued, and meritorious service"; resumed the practice of law in Canton, Ohio; twice elected attorney of Stark county, and served until November, 1869, when he moved to Omaha, Nebr., and practiced law; city attorney for Omaha for six years, and in 1871 and again in 1874 elected by both political parties as a member of the state constitu- tional conventions; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; reelected in 1888, and served from March 4, 1883, to March 3, 1895; elected presi- dent pro tern pore of the Senate March 2, 1891; re- signed the position March 22, 1893; resumed the practice of law in Omaha, Nebr. ; general solicitor of the Burlington system of railroads west of the Missouri river; vice president of the American bar association in 1899, president in 1900; died on board steamship Cednc in the harbor of Liverpool, England, September 28, 1911 ; interment in Forest Lawn cemetery, Omaha, Nebr. Mangum, Willie Person, a Representative and a Senator from North Carolina; born in Orange county, N. C., May 10, 1792; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1815; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1817, and com- menced practice in Red Mountain; member of the state house of representatives in 1818; twice elected a superior court judge; elected as a Whig to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses and served from March 4, 1823 until March 18, 1826, when he resigned; presidential elector, 1829, on the Jackson ticket; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1831, until his- resignation in 1836; again elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Bed- ford Brown; was twice reelected, and served from December 9, 1840, to March 3, 1853; president of the Senate pro tempore May 31, 1842-March 4, 1845; died in Red Mountain, N. C., September 14, 1861. Mann, Abijah, jr., a Representative from New York; born in Fairfield, Herkimer county, N. Y., September 24, 1793; attended the common schools; engaged in mercantile pursuits; justice of the peace and postmaster; elected to the state house of rep- resentatives 1827-1830 and 1837; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); moved to New York City; unsuccessful candidate for attor- ney general of New York in 1855; delegate in the Republican state convention of 1856; unsuccessful candidate for state senator in 1857; died in Auburn, N. Y., September 6, 1868. Mann, Horace, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Franklin, Mass., May 4, 1796; was graduated from Brown university in 1819; tutored there 1819-1821; studied law in Litchfield, Conn., was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Dedham, Mass., in 1826; member of the state house of representatives 1828-1831; commis- sioner for the revision of the Massachusetts statutes in 1835; moved to Boston in 1836; president of the state senate 1836-1838; secretary of the state board of education 1837-1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Qunicy Adams; reelected to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses as a Free Soiler, and served from April 13, 1848, to March 3, 1853; unsuccessful candidate for governor in 1852; president of Antioch college, Ohio, 1853, until his death, in Yellow Springs, Ohio, August 2, 1859; interment in Providence, R. I. Mann, James, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Gorham, Me., June 22, 1822; member of the state senate; county treasurer; customhouse officer in Portland; served in the Union army; appointed by President Lincoln Treasury agent for Louisiana; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth Congress, and served from July 18, 1868, until his death in New Orleans, La., August 26, 1868. Mann, James Robert, a Representative from Illinois; born in McLean county, 111., October 20, 1856; attended the public schools; wae graduated from the University of Illinois in 1876 and from the Union College of Law of Chicago, and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1881; member of the Oakland board of education in Chicago; attorney for Hyde Park and the South Park commissioners of Chicago; secretary of the citizens' association which secured the adoption of Jackson Park as the site for the World's Fair; master in chancery of the superior court of Cook county; member of the city council of Chicago 1892-1896; author of the low-level sewer system for Chicago; chairman of the Illinois state Republican convention of 1894, and chairman of the Republican county conventions in Chicago in 1895 and 1902; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six -succeed ing Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Mann, Job, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Bedford county, Pa., March jJl, 1795; attended the common schools; clerk to the board of county commissioners in 181 6 ; was register, recorder, and clerk of Bedford county 1818-1835; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Twenty-fifth Con- gress; was admitted to the bar in 1839, and com- menced practice in Bedford, Pa.; treasurer of Pennsylvania; reelected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); died in Bedford, Pa. Mann, Joel Keith, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Upper Dublin August 1, 1781; attended the common schools; located in Jenkintown; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- second and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835); died in Cheltenham, Pa., August 28, 1857. Manning, James, a Delegate from Rhode Island; born in Elizabeth, N. J., October 22, 1738; attended Hopewell academy and was graduated from Princeton college in 1762; studied theology and became a Baptist preacher; moved to Warren, R. I., in 1764, and took charge of the Rhode Island college; moved to Providence with the college in May, 1770; Delegate from Rhode Island in the Con- tinental Congress 1785-1786; pastor of the First Baptist church of Providence 1770 until his resig- nation, April, 1791; also resigned the college presi- 846 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. dency in 1791; died in Providence, R. I., July 29, 1791. Manning, John, jr., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Edenton, N. C., July 3, 1830; attended Edenton Academy, the Norfolk military academy, and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1850; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1853, and com- menced practice in Pittsboro, N. C., in 1853; dele- gate in the constitutional convention of 1861; en- listed in the Chatham rifles in 1861; was made first lieutenant, and became adjutant of the fifteenth North Carolina volunteers; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John T. Deweese, and served from December 7, 1870, to March 3, 1871; chairman of Democratic caucus of state constitutional con- vention of 1875; elected to North Carolina state leg- islature 1881 ; commissioner to codify the laws of the state in 1881 ; professor of law, University of North Carolina, 1881 ; dean of law school and member of board of trustees, University of North Carolina; died in Chapel Hill, N. C., February 12, 1899. Manning, Richard Irvine, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Sumter district, S. C., May 1, 1789; was graduated from South Carolina college, Columbia, in 1811; served as captain of volunteers in the War of 1812; member of the state house of representatives 1822; governor of South Carolina 1824-1826; unsuccessful candidate for Representative in the Twentieth Congress, 1826; elected to the state senate; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Blair; reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, and served from Decem- ber 8, 1834, until his death in Philadelphia, Pa., May 1, 1836. Manning, Van Hartnog, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Edgecomb county, N. C., July 26, 1839; moved to Mississippi in 1841; pur- sued classical studies in Horn Lake male academy, De Soto county, Miss., and the University of Nash- ville; moved to Arkansas in 1860; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1861; served in the Con- federate army as "captain, and subsequently as colonel, of the third Arkansas infantry and second Arkansas battalion; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C., in 1883; died in Broadville, Md., November 3, 1892. Manson, Mahlon Dickerson, a Representative from Indiana; born in Piqua, Ohio, February 20, 1820; attended the common schools; became a druggist in Crawfordsville, Ind.; member of the state house of representatives 1851-1852; served as captain of volunteers in the Mexican war, October 8, 1847-July 28, 1848; served in the Civil war; com- missioned captain of the tenth Indiana infantry April 17, 1861; major April 25, 1861; colonel May 10, 1861; honorably mustered out August 6, 1861; recommissioned colonel of the same regiment September 18, 1861; brigadier general of volun- teers March 24, 1862; resigned December 21, 1864; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for lieutenant governor of Indiana in 1864; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1873); unsuccessful candidate for reelec- tion to the Forty-third Congress; died in Crawfords- ville, Ind., February 4, 1895. Mansur, Charles Harvey, a Representative from Missouri; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 6, 1835; attended Lawrence academy, Groton, Mass.; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Rich- mond, Mo., August 30, 1856; moved to Chillicothe in 1856 and practiced law; member of the board of education of Chillicothe for eight years; member of the Democratic state central committee 1864-1868; delegate to the Democratic national convention in New York in 1868; prosecuting attorney of Living- ston county 1875-1879; delegate at large in the Democratic national convention in Chicago in 1884 ; joint nominee for Congress of the Democracy and Liberal Republicans in 1872, and again the nominee of the Democracy in the same district in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1893); appointed by President Cleveland second comptroller of the currency; died in Washington, D. C., April 16, 1895. Mantle, Lee, a Senator from Montana; born in Birmingham, England, December 13, 1851; came to the United States and located in Utah Territory in 1864, moved to Idaho, and in 1872 moved to Butte, Mont. ; learned telegraphy and entered the employ of the Western Union telegraph company; moved to Butte, Mont., and entered the employ of the Wells-Fargo express company as agent; in 1881 established a daily newspaper, known as the Inter Mountain; alderman and mayor of Butte; three times elected to the territorial legislature of Mon- tana, and served as speaker; delegate in the Repub- lican national convention of 1884; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the failure of the legislature to elect but was refused a seat; elected by the legislature to fill the vacancy, and served from January 16, 1895, to March 3, 1899. Manzanares, Francisco A., a Delegate from New Mexico; born in Abiquiu, N. Mex., January 25, 1843 ; early training was in Spanish; commenced the study of the English language, and in 1863- 1864 attended the St. Louis University, in St. Louis, Mo.; engaged in mercantile pursuits from 1866; successfully contested as a Democrat the election of Tranquil ino Luna to the Forty-eighth Congress, and served from March 5, 1884, to March 3, 1885; died in Las Vegas, N. Mex., September 17, 1904. Marable, John H., a Representative from Ten- nessee; native of Brunswick county, Va.; pur- sued an academic course; moved to Yellow Creek, Tenn.; elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829); unsuc- cessful candidate for reelection to the Twenty-first Congress. Marchand, Albert G., a Representative from Pennsylvania; native of Greensburg, Pa. ; attended the cojmmon schools; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); died in Greensburg, Pa., February5, 1848. Marchand, David, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; native of Westmoreland county, Pa.; attended the common schools; elected to the Fif- teenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817- March 3, 1821). Marchant, Henry, a Delegate from Rhode Island; born in Marthas Vineyard, Mass., April 9, 1741; was a student in the literary department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1756, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Newport, R. I.; attorney general of Rhode Island BIOGRAPHIES. 847 1771-1777 ; prominent in ante-Revolutionary events ; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1777-1780, and 1783-1784 ; delegate in the state convention for the adoption of the Federal Constitution; United States district judge for the district of Connecticut and Rhode Island 1790-1796; died in Newport, R. I., August 30, 1796. Marcy, Daniel, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Portsmouth, N. H., Novem- ber 7, 1809; attended the common schools; fol- lowed the sea and later engaged in shipbuilding; member of the state house of representatives 1853- 1854; member of the state senate 1856-1857; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-ninth Congress; again state representative and state senator; died in Ports- mouth, N. H., November 3, 1893. Marcy, William Learned, a Senator from New York; born in Southbridge, Mass., December 12, 1786; was graduated from Brown university in 1808 ; taught school in Newport, R. I.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Troy, N.*Y.,in 1810; served in the War of 1812; recorder of Troy in 1816; editor of the Troy Budget; adjutant general of New York in 1821; state comp- troller in 1823; associate justice of the state supreme court in 1829; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1831, until his resignation, July, 1832, to become governor of New York; governor 1833-1839; com- missioner on Mexican claims 1839-1842; Secretary of War March 5, 1845, to March 3, 1849; Secretary of State March 7, 1853, to March 4, 1857; died in Ballston Spa, N. Y., July 4, 1857. Mardis, Samuel W., a Representative from Alabama; born in Tennessee June 12, 1800; re- ceived an academic training; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Montevallo, Ala.; member of the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -second and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835); prac- ticed law in Mardisville, Ala., 1835, until his death in Talladega, Ala., November 15, 1836. Marion, Robert, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Berkeley district, S. C.; pursued an academic course, and was graduated from Uni- versity of Pennsylvania in 1784; elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1805, until his resignation December 4, 1811. Markell, Henry, a Representative from New York; born in Montgomery county, N. Y., February 7, 1792; attended the common schools; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829); died in Palatine, N. Y., August 30, 1832. Markell, Jacob, a Representative from New York; born in Schenectady county, N. Y., May 8, 1770; attended the common schools; engaged in farming in Manheim, N. Y. ; supervisor and county judge for several years; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813) ; member of the state house of representatives, in 1820; died in Manheim, N. Y., November 26, 1852. Markham, Henry Harrison, a Representative from California; born in Wilmington, Essex county, N. Y., November 16, 1840; attended the common schools and Wheeler's academy, Vermont; moved to Wisconsin; served in the Union army, and discharged in June, 1865; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Milwaukee, Wis.; moved to Pasadena, Los Angeles county, Cal., in 1879; elected as a Republican to the Forty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); governor of California 1891-1895; a retired resident of Pasadena, Cal. Markley, Philip Swenk, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Montgomery county, Pa.; pursued an academic course; located in Nor- ristown; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1810, and commenced practice in Norristown, Pa.; deputy state's attorney for Pennsylvania 1819- 1821; member of the state senate 1820-1823; elected as a Democrat to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827); unsuc- cessful candidate for reelection to the Twentieth Congress; appointed naval officer of Philadelphia by President Jackson. Marks, William, a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Chester county, Pa., October 13, 1778; settled in Beaver, Pa.; received a limited school- ing; elected to the state house of representatives as a Democrat 1810-1819; state senator 1820-1825; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, reelected, and served from March 4, 1825, until March 3, 1831; died in Beaver, Pa., April 10, 1858. Marquett, Turner Martin, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Clarke county, Ohio, July 19, 1829; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Plattsmouth, Nebr., in 1856; member of the ter- ritorial assembly; served in the territorial council; elected as a Republican upon the admission of Nebraska as a state into the Union, to the Thirty- ninth Congress, and served from March 2 to March 3, 1867, for one day only; resumed the practice of law in Lincoln, Nebr., and died there December 22, 1894. Marr, Alem, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; native of that state; was graduated from Princeton college in 1807; located in Danville; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831). Marr, George Washington Lemp, a Repre- sentative from Tennessee; born in Henry county, Va., in 1781; attended the common schools, and the University at Chapel Hill, N. C.; attorney gen- eral for west Tennessee, 1807-1809; attorney gen- eral of the fifth district, 1809-1813; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); member of constitutional convention of 1834; re- moved from Clarksville, Obion county, in 1821; served in Creek war and was wounded; died April 4, 1856. Marsh, Benjamin Franklin, a Representative from Illinois; born in Wythe township, Hancock county, 111., in 1839; attended private schools and Jubilee college; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1860; enlisted as a private in the six- teenth Illinois infantry volunteers; recruited a company of cavalry, commissioned captain, and assigned to the second regiment Illinois cavalry; commissioned colonel and served until January, 1866; returned to Warsaw, 111., and resumed the practice of law until 1877; Republican candidate for member of the constitutional convention of 1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, 848 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTORY. Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); engaged in farming and stock raising in Hancock county; appointed in 1889 railroad and warehouse commissioner, and served four years; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1888; reelected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1901); again elected to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty- ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1903, until his death in Warsaw, 111., June 2, 1905. Marsh, Charles, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Lebanon, Conn., July 10, 1765; moved to Vermont in 1774; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1786; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1788, and commenced prac- tice in Woodstock, Vt; United States district attor- ney for Vermont, 1797-1801; elected as a Federalist to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); founder of many important societies while in Washington; trustee of Dartmouth college, 1809-1849; died in Woodstock, Vt., January 11, 1849. Marsh, George Perkins, a Representative from Vermont; born in Woodstock, Vt., March 15, 1801; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1820; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1825, and commenced practice in Burlington, Vt.; member of the governor's council in 1835; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1843, until his resignation in 1849; appointed by President Taylor minister resident to Turkey, and served 1849^1853; charged with a special mission to Greece in 1852; fish commis- sioner of Vermont in 1857, and railroad commis- sioner, 1857-1859; appointed by President Lincoln envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Italy March 18, 1861, and served until his death in Valombrosa, Italy, July 24, 1882. Marshall, Alexander Keith, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Woodford county, Ky., February 11, 1808; located in Nicholas ville; was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1844; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); died in Fayette county, Ky., April 28, 1884. Marshall, Alfred, a Representative from Maine; was state representative 1827-1828, and 1834-1835; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); collector at Belfast, Me., 1846-1849; died in China, Me., Octo- ber 2, 1868. Marshall, Edward Chauncey, a Representa- tive from California; born in Woodford, Ky., June 29, 1821 ; moved to Sonora, Cal. ; served in the Mexi- can war; was graduated from Transylvania univer- sity, Lexington, Ky.; elected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); attorney general of California, 1883-1886; died in San Fran- cisco, Cal., July 9, 1893. Marshall, George Alexander, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Shelby county, Ohio, Sep- tember 14, 1851; attended the public schools of Shelby county, and later the Ohio Wesleyan uni- versity, Delaware, Ohio; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; prosecuting attorney of Shelby county in 1878, 1880, and 1883; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897- March 3, 1899); died in Sidney, Ohio, April 21 1899. Marshall, Humphrey, a Senator from Ken- tucky; born in Fauquier county, Va., in 1756; pursued classical studies; captain in the Virginia cavalry in the Revolutionary war; moved to Kentucky, and studied law; delegate in the state constitutional convention; member of the state house of representatives for several years; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1795, to March 3, 1801; died near Frankfort, Ky., July 1, 1841. Marshall Humphrey, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Frankfort, Ky., January 13, 1812; was graduated from the West Point military academy in 1832; resigned from the army April 30, 1833; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1833, and practiced in Frankfort 1833-1834 and in Louisville 1834-1846; active in the state militia; colonel of volunteers in the Mexican war; after the war engaged in farming in Henry county, Ky.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first and Thirty- second Congresses, and served from March 4, 1849, until his resignation, August 4, 1852; minister to China 1852 to January 27, 1854; reelected as a National American to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); brigadier general in the Confederate army; after the surrender of General Lee moved to New Orleans, La. ; pardoned by President Johnson De- cember 18, 1867; returned to Louisville and re- sumed the practice of law; died in Louisville, Ky March 28, 1872. Marshall, James William, a Representative from Virginia; born in Augusta county, Va., March 31, 1844; served as a private soldier four years in the Confederate army; attended Roanoke college part of two sessions and was graduated in 1870; studied law and was admitted to the bar; commonwealth attorney for Craig county 1870-1875; elected to the Virginia senate in 1875, and served four years; member of the general assembly of Virginia 1882, 1883; elected commonwealth attorney for Craig county in 1884 and served four years; presidential elector on the Cleveland and Thurman ticket in 1888; member of the Virginia senate 1891-1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); resumed the prac- tice of law; died in New Castle, Va., November 27, 1911. Marshall, John, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Germantown, Fauquier county, Va., September 24, 1755; received elementary instruc- tion from his parents, and pursued more advanced studies under a private tutor, James Thompson, and in the classical academy of the Messrs. Camp- bell in Westmoreland county, Va. ; began the study of law at eighteen, but at the outbreak of the Revo- promoted captain in May, 1777; participated in a number of the more important engagements from 1775 to 1779; was ordered to Virginia in 1779, to take charge of the militia then being organized, and attended law lectures in the college of William and Mary; was admitted to the bar in 1780; returned to the command of his company, then at the army's headquarters, and to Virginia later in the year, where he joined the forces of Baron Steuben for the defense of the state; resigned his commission in 1781, and engaged in the practice of law in Fauquier BIOGRAPHIES. 849 county; delegate in the Virginia house of burgesses in 1780; located in Richmond and practiced law; member of the executive council 1782-1795; again a member of the house of burgesses 1782-1788; dele- gate in the state constitutional convention for the ratification of the Federal constitution that met in Richmond, June 2, 1788 ; declined the cabinet posi- tion of Attorney General, and also a foreign mission tendered by President Washington; one of the special commissioners to France, to demand redress and reparation for hostile actions of that country 1797-1798; resumed law practice in Virginia, and declined the appointment of justice of the Supreme Court of the United States tendered by President Adams September 26, 1798; elected to the Sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1799, to June 7, 1800, when he resigned ; was appointed Secretary of War by President Adams May 7, 1800, but the appointment was not considered, and on May 12, 1800, was appointed Secretary of State; entered upon his new duties June 6, 1800, and, although appointed Chief Justice of the United States, Jan- uary 20, 1801, and notwithstanding he took the oath of office as Chief Justice February 4, 1801, continued to serve in the cabinet until March 4, 1801; member of the Virginia convention of 1829; continued as Chief Justice until his death in Phila- delphia, Pa., July 6, 1835. Marshall, Samuel Scott, a Representative from Illinois; born in Gallatin county, 111., March 12, 1824; attended Cumberland college, Ky.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1845, and commenced practice in McLeansboro, 111.; member of the state legislature in 1847; state's attorney 1847-1848, circuit court judge 1851-1854 and 1861- 1864 ; delegate in the Democratic national conven- tions in Charleston and Baltimore in 1860 and 1864; delegate in the Union national convention in 1866; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859)j reelected to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1875); president of board of managers of Hamilton college, 1875-1880; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Forty- fourth Congress; died in McLeansboro, Hamilton county, 111., July 26, 1890. Marshall, Thomas Alexander, a Representa- tive from Kentucky; born near Versailles, Ky., January 15, 1794; was graduated from Yale college in 1815; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Frankfort in 1816; moved to Paris, Ky., in 1819; member of the state legisla- ture 1827-1828; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- second and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Twenty-fourth Congress; judge of the state court of appeals 1835-1856; professor in the Transylvania law school 1836-1849; moved to Chicago in 1856, but returned to Kentucky; again elected to the state house of representatives in 1863; chief justice of the court of appeals 1866- 1867; died in Louisville, Ky., April 17, 1871. Marshall, Thomas Francis, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Frankfort, Ky., June 7, 1801; pursued classical studies in Virginia; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Versailles, Ky., in 1828; member of the state legislature 1832-1836, 1838-1839, and in 1854; moved to Louisville in 1833; defeated as an inde- pendent for the Twenty-fifth Congress; returned to Versailles in 1837; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 54 served in the Mexican war as captain of volunteers; moved to Chicago in 1856; resumed the practice of law until his death, near Versailles, Ky., Septem- ber 22, 1864. Marshall, Thomas Frank, a Representative from North Dakota; born in Hannibal, Mo., March 7, 1854; attended the state normal school, Platte- ville, Grant county, Wis.; became a surveyor; moved to Dakota in 1873 and engaged in banking; mayor of Oakes, N. Dak., for two terms; state senator four years; delegate in the Republican national convention in Minneapolis in 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1909). Marston, Oilman, a Representative and a Sen- ator from New Hampshire; born in Oxford, N. H., August 20, 1811; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1837, and from the Harvard law school in 1840; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Exeter, N. H., in 1841; member of the state house of representatives 1845-1849; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1850; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); reelected as a Republican to the Thirty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); served in the Union army; commissioned colonel of the tenth New Hampshire infantry June 10, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers November 29, 1862; resigned April 20, 1865; declined the gover- norship of Idaho Territory in 1870; again a member of the state house of representatives 1872-1873, and 1876-1878; delegate in the state constitutional con- vention of 1876; appointed to the United States Senate, and served from March 5 to June 18, 1889; died in Exeter, N. H., July 3, 1890. Martin, Alexander, a Senator from North Caro- lina; born in New Jersey in 1740; was graduated from Princeton college in 1756; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Guilford county, N. C., in 1772; member of the colonial assembly; colonel of the second North Carolina regiment in the Revolutionary war, and commanded at the battles of Brandywine and Germantown; member of the state senate 1779-1782, 1785-1788, and served as speaker during most of his term; acting governor of North Carolina 1781-1782, and governor 1782-1785, and 1789-1792; delegate in the state convention for the adoption of the Federal Constitution; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1793, to March 3, 1799; died in Danbury, N. C., in November, 1807. Martin, Augustus Newton, a Representative rom Indiana; born near Whitestown, Butler county, Pa., March 23, 1847; attended the common schools and Witherspoon institute, Butler, Pa., and was graduated from Eastman college, Pough- keepsie, N. Y., in February, 1867; enlisted July 3, 1863, in company I, fifty-eighth Pennsylvania volunteer militia, which assisted in the capture of Gen. John Morgan's command; enlisted again February 22, 1865, in company E, seventy-eighth Pennsylvania volunteers, and served until dis- charged for disability, August 30, 1865; taught school; read law in Bluffiton in 1869; was admitted to the bar in 1870; member of the Indiana house of representatives 1875; elected reporter of the supreme court of Indiana in 1876 and served four years; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1880; resided in Austin, Tex., 1881-1883; returned to Bluffiton, Ind., in 1883; elected as a Democrat to 850 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Con- gresses (March 4 ; 1889-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Bluffiton, Ind., until his death, in the soldiers home hospital, Marion, Ind., July 11, 1901. Martin, Barclay, a Representative from Ten- nessee; native of South Carolina; pursued an academic course; moved to Columbia, Tenn.; elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847). Martin, Benjamin Franklin, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Marion county, Va., October 2, 1828; was graduated from Allegheny college, Meadville, Pa., in June, 1854; taught school in Fairmont, Marion county, Va. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in March, 1856; moved to Pruntytown in 1856; mem- ber of the constitutional convention of West Vir- ginia in 1872; delegate in the Democratic national convention in Baltimore in 1872; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March3, 1881); presidential elector in 1884; delegate at large to Democratic national convention in Chicago in 1888; resumed the practice of law in Grafton, Taylor county, W. Va., and died there January 20, 1895. Martin, Charles D., a Representative from Ohio; native of that state; attended the public schools; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); unsuccess- ful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-seventh Congress. Martin, Charles H., a Representative from North Carolina; was graduated from Wake Forest college, North Carolina; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar; later studied theology and be- came an ordained minister; successfully contested, as a Populist, the election of James A. Lockhart to the Fifty-fourth Congress; reelected to the Fifty- fifth Congress, and served from June 5, 1896, to March 3, 1899. Martin, Eben Wever, a Representative from South Dakota; born in Maquoketa, Jackson county, Iowa, April 12, 1855; was graduated from Cornell university in 1879; attended the law school of the University of Michigan, and was president of his class; was admitted to the bar in 1880; moved to Deadwood, S. Dak., and practiced law; member of the territorial legislature of Dakota in 1884 and 1885; for several years president of the board of education of the city of Deadwood; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1907); reelected to the Sixtieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William H. Parker; reelected to the Sixty-first Congress, and served from December 7, 1908, to March 3, 1911. Re- elected to the Sixty-second Congress. Martin, Edward Livingston, a Representative from Delaware; born in Seaford, Del., March 29, 1837; attended Bolmar's academy, Delaware col- lege, and the University of Virginia; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; served as clerk of the senate of Delaware, and as a commissioner to settle disputed boundary between Delaware and New Jersey; member of the Democratic national con- vention in Chicago in 1864, in Baltimore in 1872, and in St. Louis in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); died in Seaford, Del., January 27, 1897. Martin, Elbert S., a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of that state; attended the public schools; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty -sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861). Martin, Frederick S., a Representative from New York; born in Rutland county, Vt., April 25, 1794; attended the common schools; sailor on Lake Champlain, and on the seas; engaged in business in Olean, N. Y.; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1850; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853). Martin, James Stewart, a Representative from Illinois; born in Scott county, Va., August 19, 1826; attended the common schools; moved to Salem, 111., in 1846; served in the Mexican war; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; clerk of Marion county court; served in the Union army; commissioned colonel of the one hundred and eleventh Illinois infantry September 18, 1862; brevet brigadier general of volunteers February 26, 1865; honorably mustered out June 7, 1865; county judge; appointed by President Grant United States pension agent April 13, 1869; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1875); died in Salem, 111., November 20, 1907. Martin, John, a Senator from Kansas; born in Wilson county, Tenn., November 12, 1833; at- tended the common country schools; moved to Kansas in 1855, and located in Tecumseh April 8, 1855 ; elected assistant clerk of the first house of rep- resentatives organized in the Territory, July 4, 1855; served as county clerk and register of deeds 1855-1857; studied law and was admitted to prac- tice in 1856; served as the first county attorney of Shawnee county 1858-1859; postmaster of Tecum- seh 1857-1858; served as deputy United States attorney 1859 to January 29, 1861; moved to To- peka in January, 1861 ; elected to the state house of representatives in 1873 and 1874; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1872; Demo- cratic nominee for governor in 1876; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1876; appointed district judge and subsequently elected to that office; elected to the United States Senate January 25, 1893, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Preston B. Plumb, and served from March 4, 1893. to March 3, 1895; served as clerk of the supreme court of Kansas for two years; a resident of Topeka, Kans. Martin, John Andrew, a Representative from Colorado; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, April 10, 1868; moved with his parents to Fulton, Mo., in 1872; attended the public schools of Mexico and Fulton, Mo.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Pueblo, Colo.; served one term in the state assembly; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Martin, John Mason, a Representative from Alabama; born in Athens, Limestone county. Ala., January 20, 1837; attended the common schools, and the high school in Green Springs, Ala., and the University of Alabama and was graduated from Centre college, Danville, Ky.; studied law. and was admitted to the bar; professor of equity juris- prudence in the University of Alabama, 1875 to 1886; member of the senate of Alabama from BIOGRAPHIES. 851 August, 1871, to November, 1876, and served as president pro tempore from 1873 to 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); died in Bowling Green, Ky., June 16, 1898. Martin, John P., a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Lee county, Va., October 11, 1811; pursued an academic course; moved to Preston- burg, Ky., in 1828; member of the state house of representatives 1841-1842; elected to the state senate in 1857; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847). Martin, Joseph John, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Martin county, N. C., No- vember 21, 1833; attended Williamston academy; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1859; county attorney of Martin county, N. C>, for six years; elected as a Republican solicitor for the second judicial district of North Carolina in 1868 and served six years; reelected in 1874 and held the office until his nomination for Congress; dele- gate in the Republican national convention in Cincinnati; elected as a Republican to the Forty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); resumed the practice of law in Toledo, N. C.; postmaster of Toledo 1897, until his death in that city December 18, 1900. Martin, Joshua Lanier, a Representative from Alabama; born in Blount county, Tenn. ; December 5, 1799; pursued an academic course; studied law in Maryville, Tenn., and was admitted to the bar; moved to Alabama and commenced practice in Athens, Limestone county; member of the state house of representatives, 1822-1828; served as state solicitor; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); circuit judge and chancellor of middle Alabama; governor of Alabama 1845- 1847; died in Tuscaloosa, Ala., November 2, 1856. Martin, Luther, a Delegate from Maryland; born in New Brunswick, N. J., February 9, 1744; was graduated from Princeton college in 1766; taught school in Queenstown, Md., 1766-1771; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Williams- burg, Va., September 1, 1771, and commenced practice in Accomac county, Va.; member of the Annapolis convention of 1774; attorney general of Maryland 1778-1805; and again 1818-1820; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1784-1785; mem- ber of the Federal constitutional convention; chief justice of the court of over and terminer in 1814; died in New York City, July 10, 1826. Martin, Morgan Lewis, a Delegate from Wis- consin territory; born in Martinsburg, Lewis county, N. Y., March 31, 1805; was graduated from Hamilton college, Clinton, N. Y., in 1824; moved to Green Bay, Wis.; member of the Wisconsin legislative council, 1838-1844; president of the second constitutional convention in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); member of the state senate, 1858 and 1859; paymaster in the United States army 1861-1865; Indian agent in 1866-1869; judge of Brown county from 1875 until his death in Green Bay, Wis., December 10, 1887. Martin, Robert Nicols, a Representative from Maryland; born in Cambridge, Md., January 14, 1798; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Princess Anne county, Md., 1819-1827; elected to the Nine- teenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827); practiced law in Baltimore, Md., 1827-1845; chief justice of the western judicial district; judge of the court of appeals 1845-1851; judge of the superior court of Baltimore 1859-1867 ; professor of law in the University of Maryland 1867-1870; died in Sara- toga, N. Y., July 20, 1870. Martin, Thomas Staples, a Senator from Vir- ginia; born in Scottsville, Albemarle county, Va., July 29, 1847; attended the Virginia military insti- tute from March 1, 1864, to April 9, 1865, and the University of Virginia from October 1, 1865, to June 29, 1866, and from October 1, 1866, to June 29, 1867; though not a regularly enlisted soldier, part of the time he was enrolled a cadet in the Vir- ginia military institute was spent in the military service of the Confederacy with the battalion of cadets from the institute; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1869, and practiced in Albemarle county; member of the board of visitors of the Miller manual labor school of Albemarle county; member of the board of visitors of the Uni- versity of Virginia; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate December 19, 1893, for the term beginning March 4, 1895; reelected in 1899 and 1905, and again January 12, 1912, for the term beginning March 4, 1913. Martin, William Dobbin, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Martintown, S. C., October 20, 1789; pursued an academic course; attended the Litchfield law school, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Edgefield, S. C., in 1811; moved in 1813 to Coosawhatchie; member of the state house of representatives 1816- 1818; clerk of the state senate 1818-1826; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831); elected judge of the circuit court in 1831-1833; moved to Columbia, S. C.; died in Charleston, S C., Novem- ber 17, 1833. Martin, William H., a Representative from Texas; born in Barbour county, Ala., September 2, 1823; attended the common schools; studied law in Troy, Ala., and was admitted to the bar; moved to Texas in 1850, and engaged in the prac- tice of law; elected to the state senate in 1853, and reelected in 1855; raised a company for the Confederate army in 1861, and was mustered into the fourth Texas regiment; assigned to Lee's army and participated in all the battles of that army until its surrender in April, 1865; returned to Athens, Tex., and resumed the practice of law; elected district attorney in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); resumed the prac- tice of law in Athens, Tex. Martindale, Henry Clinton, a Representative from New York; born in Berkshire county, Mass., May 6, 1780; was graduated from Williams college in 1800; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Sandy Hill, N. Y., 1801-1860; elected as a Whig to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twen- tieth, and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1823- March 3, 1831); reelected to the Twenty -third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); died in Sandy Hill, N. Y., April 22, 1860. Marvin, Dudley, a Representative from New York; born in Lyme, Conn., May 6, 1786; attended Colchester seminary; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Cariandaigua, N. Y., and practiced 852 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. there in 1807-1835; elected as an Adams Demo- crat to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1829); moved to New York City, and practticed law 1835-1845; moved to Ripley, N. Y., and practiced 1845-1856; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); died in Ripley, N. Y., June 25, 1856. Marvin, Francis, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, March 8, 1828; at- tended private schools; entered upon a commercial career and engaged in the promotion, construction, and operation of railways, water-supply companies, bridges, the manufacture of illuminating gas, and in banking; unsuccessful candidate of the Repub- lican party for member of the assembly in 1864, and for the state senate in 1881; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); retired to private life and devoted his time to the management of his several business enterprises; died in New York City, August 10, 1904; interment in Port Jervis, N. Y. Marvin, James Madison, a Representative from New York; born in Ballston, N. Y., February 27, 1809; attended the common schools; engaged in the hotel business in Saratoga Springs and Albany, N. Y. ; Whig member of the state assembly in 1845 ; county supervisor for several years; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869) ; president of First national bank of Saratoga Springs, N. Y.; director of New York Central rail- road; died in Saratoga Springs, N. Y., April 25, 1901. Marvin, Richard Pratt, a Representative from New York; born in Fairneld, Herkimer county, N. Y., December 23, 1803; went with parents to Dryden, N. Y., in 1809; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in May, 1829, and commenced practice in Jamestown, N. Y.; member of the state assembly in 1836-1837; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty- sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1846; judge of the eighth judicial district 1847-1871 ; resumed the practice of law until his death in Jamestown, N. Y., January 11, 1892. Mason, Armistead Thomson, a Senator from Virginia; born in Louisa county, Va., August 4, 1787; was graduated from William and Mary col- lege in 1807; engaged in farming; colonel of Vir- ginia volunteers in the war of 1812; member of the state house of representatives; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William B. Giles, and served from January 3, 1816, to March 3, 1817; unsuccessful candidate for election to the Fifteenth Congress; killed in a duel with his brother-in-law, John M. McCarty, in Blandensburg, near Washington, D. C., February 6, 1819. Mason, James Brown, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Thompson, Conn., in 1774; pursued classical studies; was graduated from Brown university in 1791; studied medicine and was admitted to practice; moved to Charleston, S. C., and practiced 1795-1798; returned to Provi- dence and was a merchant 1798-1819; member of the state house of representatives for several years, and served as speaker from February, 1812, to May, 1814; elected as a Federalist to the.Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1819); trustee of Brown university 1804-1819; died in Providence, R. I., September'6, 1819. Mason, James Murray, a Representative and a Senator from Virginia; born on Analostan Island, Fairfax county, Va., November 3, 1798; was gradu- ated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1818, and from the law department of William and Mary college in 1820; was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Winchester, Va., 1820-1861; delegate in the Virginia constitutional convention of 1829; member of the state house of delegates 1826-1832; presi- dential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1832; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Isaac S. Pennybacker; twice reelected, and served from January 21, 1847, to his retirement, March 28, 1861; formally expelled from the Senate by resolution of July 11, 1861; delegate from Vir- ginia to the provisional congress of the Confederacy; appointed commissioner of the Confederacy to Great Britain and France; taken prisoner on the high seas Novemner 8, 1861, and confined in Fort Warren, Boston harbor; released on the order of Secretary Seward January 2, 1862; proceeded to London, and represented the Confederacy until its downfall in April, 1865; died near Alexandria, Va., April 28, 1871. Mason, Jeremiah, a Senator from New Hamp- shire; born in Lebanon, Conn., April 27, 1768; was graduated from Yale college in 1788; studied law, moved to Vermont, and was admitted to the bar in 1791; moved to New Hampshire, and practiced in Westmoreland 1791-1794, in Walpole 1794-1797, and in Portsmouth, N. H., 1798-1832; appointed attorney general of New Hampshire in 1802; mem- ber of the state house of representatives for several years; elected to the United States Senate, and served from June 10, 1813, until June 16, 1817, when he resigned; again served for a number of terms in the state legislature, and as president of the Portsmouth branch of the United States bank, 1825-1829; moved to Boston, Mass., in 1832; left the bar in 1838, but continued as chamber counsel up to the time of his death in Boston, Mass., Octo- ber 14, 1848. Mason, John C., a Representative from Ken- tucky; native of that state, located in Owensville, Ky.; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Thirty- first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849- March 3, 1853); reelected to the Thirty-fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859). Mason, John Thomson, a Representative from Maryland; born in Montpelier, Md., May 9, 1815; was graduated from Princeton college in 1836; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Hagerstown, Md., in 1838; member of the state house of representatives, 1838- 1839; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); judge of the court of appeals 1851-1857; customs collector in Baltimore 1857-1861; moved to Annapolis, Md., where he died March 28, 1873. Mason, John Young, a Representative from Virginia; born in Greensville county, Va., April 18. 1799; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1816; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1819, and commenced practice in Hicksford, Va.; member of the state house of repre- sentatives, 1819-1829; United States district judge for eastern Virginia; elected as a Democrat to the BIOGEAPHIES. 853 Twenty-second, Twenty -third, and Twenty -fourth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1831, until his resignation, January 11, 1837; elected judge of the Virginia general court; delegate in the state constitutional conventions of 1828 and 1849; Secre- tary of the Navy March 14, 1844-March 10, 1845, and September 9, 1846-March 8, 1849; Attorney General March 6, 1845, to September 9, 1846; prac- ticed law in Richmond, Va., 1849^-1854; minister to France January 22, 1854, until his death, in Paris, France, October 3, 1859. ( Mason, Jonathan, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., August 30, 1752; completed preparatory studies in the Boston Latin school, and was graduated from Princeton college in 1774; studied law under John Adams, was admitted to the bar in 1777, and com- menced practice on Boston; member of the state house of representatives; executive councilor in 1798; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Benjamin Goodhue, and served from November 14, 1800, to March 3, 1803; elected as a Federalist to the Fif- teenth and Sixteenth Congresses, and served from March 4 1817, until his resignation, May 15, 1820; died in Boston, Mass., November 1, 1831. Mason, Joseph H., a Representative from New York; born in Plattsburg, N. Y., March 30, 1828; moved to Hamilton, N. Y., in 1840; attended Ham- ilton academy and Madison university; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849, and practiced in Hamilton, N. Y.; elected county judge of Mad- ison county for the term commencing January 1, 1864, and served four years; appointed collector of internal revenue in 1871, and held the position until January, 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); resumed the practice of law in Hamilton, N. Y. Mason, Moses, jr., a Representative from Maine; born in Oxford county, Me., June 2, 1789; studied medicine, and commenced practice in Bethel, Me., in 1813; appointed first postmaster of Bethel in 1814; justice of the peace, 1821-1866; county commissioner 1831-1834; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1833-March3, 1837); an executive councilor 1843-1845; trustee of the state insane hospital in 1844; selectman of Bethel fourteen years, and president of Gould's academy 1854- 1856; died in Bethel, Me., June 25, 1866. Mason, Samson, a Representative from Ohio; born in Fort Ann, N. Y., July 24, 1793; attended the common schools in Onondaga, N. Y.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice in Springfield, Ohio, in 1819; prosecuting attorney for Clark county in 1822; member of the state senate 1829-1831; candidate for presidential elector in 1832; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1843); member of the state house of representatives, 1845- 1846; United States attorney for Ohio 1850-1853; member of the state senate 1862-1864; delegate in the Ohio constitutional convention, 1850-1851; served as captain, colonel, brigadier general, and major general in the state militia; died in Spring- field, Ohio, February 1, 1869. Mason, Stevens Thomson, a Senator from Virginia; born in Chapawausic, Stafford county, Va., in 1760; attended William and Mary college; served in the Revolutionary army as a voluntary aide to Gen. Washington at Yorktown, and be- came a brigadier general in the Virginia militia; member of the house of delegates; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1788; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Monroe; was twice re- elected, and served from November 18, 1794, until his death, in Philadelphia, Pa., May 10, 1803. Mason, William, a Representative from New York; born in Lebanon, Conn., September 10, 1786; studied medicine and practiced in Preston, N. Y. ; member of the state house of representatives, 1821-1822; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); died in Norwich, Chenango county, N. Y., Jan- uary 13, 1860. & | Mason, William Ernest, a Representative and a Senator from Illinois; born in Franklin ville, Cat- taraugus county, N. Y., July 7, 1850; moved with his parents to Bentonsport, Iowa, in 1858; attended the Bentonsport academy, and Birmingham col- lege 1863-1865; taught school in Bentonsport 1866- 1868, and in Des Moines, Iowa, 1868-1870; studied law, moved to Chicago, 111., in 1872, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the state house of representatives in 1879; state senator 1882 1885; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Fifty-second Congress; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1897, to March 3, 1903; resumed the practice of law in Chicago, 111. Massey, Zebulon D., a Representative from Tennessee, born near Marshall, N, C., November 14, 1864; attended the colleges of North Carolina, and taught in the public schools 1882-1886; at- tended medical lectures in Louisville, Ky., 1886- 1889, and was graduated in 1889 and began prac- tice in Wears Valley, Tenn.; moved to Sevierville in 1890; was commissioned by President Me Kin- ley in 1898 as an assistant surgeon in the sixth United States volunteer infantry; went to Porto Rico with the regiment; returned to Savannah, Ga., in 1899, where he was mustered out; was appointed postmaster of Sevierville and served until 1904; resigned to accept a seat in the state Senate; returned in 1906; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Walter P. Brownlow, and served from December 6, 1909, to March 3, 1911. Masters, Josiah, a Representative from New York; born in Woodbury, Conn., October 22, 1763; was graduated from Yale college in 1784; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Schaghticoke, N. Y.; member of the state assembly in 1792, 1800, and 1801; associate judge of Rensselaer county 1801-1805; elected as a Democrat to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1809) ; judge of the court of common pleas of Rensselaer county, 1809-1822; supported the war of 1812, and was a prominent friend of the proposed Erie canal; died in Schahti- coke, N. Y., June 30, 1832. Mathews, James, a Representative from Ohio; native of Columbia county, Ohio; attended the common schools; located in Coshocton; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty- eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845); moved to Knoxville, Marion, county, Iowa, in 1855 died in Iowa City, Iowa. 854 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Mathewson, Elisha, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Scituate, R. I., April 18, 1767; pur- sued an academic course; justice of the peace of Scituate, R. I. ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives for several years, and served as speaker from May to October, 1821, and May to October, 1822; member of the state senate; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, tp fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Fenner, and served from October 26, 1807, to March 3, 1811; died in Scituate, R. I., February 6, 1853. Mathiot, Joshua, a Representative from Ohio; native of that state; attended the common schools; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); died in Newark, Ohio, July 30, 1849. Matlack, James, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Gloucester county, N. J., January 11, 1775; attended the common schools; member of the state legislature; elected judge of the court of common pleas; elected to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1825); died in Woodbury, N. J., January 16, 1840. Matlack, Timothy, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania; born in Haddonfield, N. J., in 1730; pur- sued an academic course; was in command of a battalion of "Associators" against the Tories of Delaware; member of the provincial conference held in Carpenter's hall, Philadelphia, June 18, 1775; delegate in the convention of July 15, 1776, and appointed secretary of state; member of the committee of safety in 1776; Delegate in the Con- tinental Congress 1780-1781; moved to Lancaster, Pa. ; master of the rolls of Pennsylvania, 1800-1809; moved to Philadelphia and was prothonotary of one of the city courts for several years; died near Holmesburg, Pa., April 15, 1829. Matson, Aaron, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Plymouth, Mass., in 1770; moved to Cheshire county, N. H.; judge of pro- bate; executive councilor 1819-1821; elected to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1825); died in Newport, Vt., July 18, 1855. Matson, Courtland Gushing, a Representa- tive from Indiana; born in Brookville, Ind., April 25, 1841; was graduated from the Indiana Asbury university (DePauw) in 1862; enlisted as a private in the sixteenth Indiana volunteers, and after one year's service entered the sixth Indiana cavalry (seventy-first volunteers), and served until Octo- ber, 1865, and rose to the rank of colonel; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Greencastle, Ind.; was three times elected prosecuting attorney; chairman of the Democratic state central committee in 1878; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh, Forty- eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1889); unsuccessful can- didate for governor in 1888; resumed the practice of law in Greencastle, Ind. ; state tax commissioner. Matteson, Orsamus B., a Representative from New York; born in Verona, N. Y., in 1805 ; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Utica, N. Y.; the first city attorney of Utica; state supreme court com- missioner ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); reelected to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1853, until his resignation February 27, 1857; again elected to the Thirty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); died in Utica, N. Y., December 22, 1889. Matthews, George, a Representative from Georgia; born in Augusta county, Va., in 1739; commanded a volunteer company against the Indians in 1757, and in the battle of Point Pleasant, October 10, 1774; colonel of the ninth Virginia regiment in the Revolutionary war; fought at Brandywine and Germantown, where he was wounded; confined on the prison ship New Jersey until December, 1771, when he was exchanged and joined Gen. Greene's army as colonel of the third Virginia regiment; engaged in farming in Ogle- thorpe county, Ga., in 1785; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); governor of Georgia 1793-1796; brigadier general in the ex- pedition for the capture of West Florida in 1811; died in Augusta, Ga., August 30, 1812. Matthews, John, a Delegate from South Caro- lina; born in Charleston, S. C., in 1744; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; associate judge of the state supreme court in 1776; Delegate in the Con- tinental Congress 1778-1782; governor of South Carolina 1782-1783; judge of the court of equity in 1784; died in Charleston, S. C., November 17, 1802. Matthews, Stanley, a Senator from Ohio; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, July 21, 1824; attended Wood- ward high school, and was graduated from Kenyon college in 1840; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1842, and practiced in Maury county, Tenn., 1842-1844; returned to Cincinnati in 1844; ap- pointed assistant prosecutor of Hamilton county in 1845; an editor of the Cincinnati Herald 1846-1849; clerk of the state assembly 1848-1850; judge of the court of common pleas of Hanover county 1850- 1852; elected to the state senate in 1856-1858; ap- pointed by President Buchanan United States district attorney for southern Ohio in 1858; and served until his resignation in March, 1861; served in the Civil war as lieutenant colonel of the twenty- third Ohio volunteers; promoted to colonel of the fifty-seventh Ohio volunteers in October, 1861; resigned in the spring of 1863, and returned to law practice in Cincinnati; judge of the Cincinnati superior court 1863, until his resignation in July, 1864; presidential elector on the Republican tickets of 1864 and 1868; unsuccessful candidate for elec- tion to the Forty-fifth Congress; was counsel before the electoral commission in 1877; elected as a Re- publican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Sherman, and served from March 21, 1877, to March 3, 1879; ap- pointed by President Hayes associate justice of the United States supreme court January 26, 1881, but was not confirmed; renominated by President Garfield March 14, and confirmed May 12, 1881, and served until his death, in Washington, D. C., March 22, 1889. Matthews, Vincent, a Representative from New York; born in Orange county, N. Y., June 29, 1766; pursued an academic course in Noah Web- ster's school, Goshen, N. Y.; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1790, and commenced practice in Elmira, N. Y., in 1790; member of the state house of representatives in 1793; member of the state senate in 179(KL797 and 1809; bounty land claims commissioner in 1798 ; elected as a Federalist to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); district attorney for several counties in western New York, 1812-1815; moved to Bath, BIOGRAPHIES. 855 thence to Rochester; again member of the state house of representatives in 1826; district attorney of Monroe county 1831-1833; chancellor of the state of New York; died in Rochester, N. Y., August 23, 1846. Matthews, William, a Representative from Maryland; native of that state; elected to the Fifth Congress (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1799). Mattocks, John, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Hartford, Conn., March 4, 1777; moved with parents to Tinmouth, Vt., in 1778; pursued an academic course; studied law in Mid- dlebury and Fairfield, was admitted to the bar in February, 1797, and commenced practice in Dan- ville; moved to Peacham, Vt. ; member of the state general assembly in 1807, 1815-1816, and 1823- 1824 ; brigadier general of militia in the war of 1812 ; elected as a Whig to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); reelected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827); judge of the state supreme court in 1832, but declined a renomination; delegate in the con- stitutional convention of 1836; elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); governor of Vermont, 1843-1844; died in Peacham, Vt., August 14, 1847. Mattoon, Ebenezer, 'a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Amherst, Mass., August 19, 1755; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1776; served in the Revolutionary army; a repre- sentative in the general court for several terms' state senator 1795-1796; an Adams presidential elector in 1797; elected to the Sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel Lyman; reelected to the Seventh Congress, and served from February 2, 1801, to March 3, 1803; served in the war of 1812 as a lieutenant of artillery in the Canadian campaign, and at Bemis's Heights, October 7, 1777, and attained the rank of major; sheriff of Hampshire county, Mass. , for twenty years ; state adjutant general; delegate in the state consti- tutional convention of 1820; died in Amherst, Mass., September 11, 1843. Maurice, James, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, November 7, 1814; attended the public schools; located in Maspeth; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); died in Maspeth, Queens county, N. Y., August 4, 1884. Maury, Abraham Poindexter, a Represen- tative from Tennessee; born in Williamson county, Tenn., December 26, 1801; completed preparatory studies, and was editor of a newspaper in St. Louis, Mo., at sixteen; entered the United States military academy in 1818, but left the following year to study law and edit a newspaper in Nashville, Tenn; purchased and cultivated the family homestead in Williamson county; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1839); was admitted to the bar and prac- ticed in Williamson county 1839-1848; died in Franklin, Tenn., July 16, 1848. Maxey, Samuel Bell, a Senator from Texas; born in Tompkinsville, Monroe county, Ky., March 30, 1825; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the West Point military accademy in 1846 ; brevetted second lieutenant of the seventh infantry July 1, 1846; second lieutenant of the eighth infantry February 23, 1847; transferred to the seventh infantry July 18, 1347; brevet first lieutenant August 20, 1847, "for gallant services at Contreras and Churubusco; " resigned September 17, 1849; returned to Kentucky; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1850, and commenced prac- tice in Albany, Ky., where he served as clerk of the county and circuit courts, and as master in chancery 1852-1856; moved to Paris, Tex., in 1857 and prac- ticed; district attorney of Lamar county, Tex., 1858-1859; elected to the state senate for four years in 1861, but declined, and raised the ninth Texas infantry for the Confederate army, or which he was colonel; promoted brigadier general in 1862, and major general in 1864; commanded the Indian territory military district 1863-1865, and was also superintendent of Indian affiairs; remained in the service until the surrender of the trans-Missis- sippi department May 26, 1865; resumed the prac- tice of law in Paris, Tex.; commissioned as judge of the eighth district of Texas April 18, 1873, but declined; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1875; reelected in 1881, and served from March 4, 1875 to March 3, 1887 ; located in Eureka Springs, Ark., in 1887, and practiced law; died in Eureka Springs, Ark., August 16, 1895; interment in Paris, Tex. Maxwell, Augustus Emmett, a Representa- tive from Florida; born in Elberton, Ga., Septem- ber 21, 1820; was graduated from the university of Virginia in 1841; studied law, was admitted to the Alabama bar in 1843, and practiced in Eutaw Ala., 1843-1845; moved to Tallahassee, Fla.; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1847; secretary of state in 1848; state senator in 1849- 1850; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857); United States navy agent at Pensacola 1857- 1861; member of the Confederate senate 1862-1865; appointed judge of the state supreme court; judge of the circuit court of Florida 1877-1885; member of state constitutional convention of 1885; chief justice, and later associate justice of the state supreme court 1887-1891; elected president of the Pensacola & Montgomery railroad in 1866; died in Chipley, Fla., May 5, 1903. Maxwell, George C., a Representative from New Jersey; native of New Jersey; was graduated from Princeton college in 1792; elected as a Whig to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813). Maxwell, John Paterson Bryant, a Repre- sentative from New Jersey; born in Flemington, N. J., September 3, 1804; was graduated from Princeton college in 1823; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Belvidere, N. J., in 1827; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); presented cre- dentials as a Member-elect to the Twenty-sixth Congress, but the House refused to recognize them; trustee of Princeton college, 1842-1845; died in Belvidere, N. J., November 14, 1845. Maxwell, Lewis, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of Virginia, located in Weston; elected as a Whig to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1827- March 3, 1844). Maxwell, Samuel, a Representative from Ne- braska; born in Lodi (then a suburb of Syracuse, N . Y.), May 20, 1826; attended the common schools; 856 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. moved with his family to Michigan in 1844; taught school and farmed; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1859; moved to Nebraska and com- menced practice; elected a delegate to the first Republican territorial convention; member of the territorial legislature; elected to the first consti- tutional convention in 1864, and to the legislature in the same year, and reelected in 1865; assisted in framing the constitution of 1866; elected to the first state legislature in 1866; appointed by the governor a commissioner to select capitol building plans and university lands in 1867; elected in 1871 to the second constitutional convention; elected judge of the supreme court as a Republican in 1872 for a term of six years ; located in Fremont in 1873 ; elected in 1875 a member of the third constitutional convention; elected the same year judge of the supreme court under the new constitution, and reelected in 1881 and 1887; elected as a Fusionist to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); resumed the practice of law; died in Fre- mont, Nebr., February 11, 1901. Maxwell, Thomas, a Representative from New York; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831). May, Henry, a Representative from Maryland; born in Washington, D. C., February 13, 1816; pursued an academic course; attended Columbian college; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1840, and practiced; sent by President Pierce to Mexico to investigate the Gardiner claim; moved to Baltimore, Md., in 1850; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-fourth Congress; reelected to the Thirty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); died in Baltimore, Md., September 25, 1866. May, Mitchell, a Representative from New York; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., July 10, 1870; at- tended the public schools and the Brooklyn poly- technic institute; was graduated from the law school of Columbia college in 1892, and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1893, and engaged in practice in Brooklyn; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); member board of education of New York City 1907- 1911; assistant district attorney of Kings county 1911-1912. May, William L., a Representative from Illi- nois; native of Kentucky; attended the common schools; moved to Springfield, 111.; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph Duncan; reelected to the Twenty -fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses, and served from Decem- ber 1, 1834, to March 3, 1839. Maybury, William Cotter, a Representative from Michigan; born in Detroit, Mich., November 20, 1848; was graduated from the literary depart- ment of the University of Michigan in 1870, and from the law department in 1871, and began prac- tice in Detroit; city attorney of Detroit 1875-1880; lecturer on medical jurisprudence in Michigan college of medicine; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); resumed the practice of law in Detroit; in 1897 was elected mayor of Detroit, and twice reelected; died in Detroit, Mich., May 6, 1909. Mayham, Stephen Lorenzo, a Representative from New York; born in Blenheim, N. Y.. October 8, 1825; pursued an academic course; studied law in Ithaca, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1848; superintendent of schools in Schoharie county, N. Y., 1852-1857 and super- visor 1857-1860; county attorney 1859-1863; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1863; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); reelected to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); elected judge of Schoharie county in 1883; judge of the supreme court of New York, and afterwards presiding justice, 1886-1889; died in Schoharie. N. Y., March 3, 1908. Maynard, Harry Lee, a Representative from Virginia; born in Portsmouth, N. II., June 8, 1861; attended the common schools of Norfolk county; was graduated from the Virginia agricultural and mechanical college in 1880; member of the Virginia house of delegates in 1890; elected to the Virginia state senate in 1894 and 1898; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911); inter- ested in irrigated lands in Yakima, Wash. ; a resi- dent of Portsmouth, Va. Maynard, Horace, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Westboro, Mass., August 30, 1814; attended the common schools of Charleston, S. C., and the Millbury, Mass., academy, and was gradu- ated from Amherst college in 1838; in 1839 became principal of the Hampden-Sydney academy in Knpxville, Tenn.; instructor and professor in the University of East Tennessee until 1844; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1844, and practiced in Knoxville, Tenn. ; attorney general of Tennessee 1863-1865; presidential elector in 1852 and 1864; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1865 and in the Loyalist convention in Philadelphia in 1866; elected as an American to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1863); reelected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth Forty- first, Forty-second, and Forty -third Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1875); unsuccessful Re- publican candidate for governor of Tennessee in 1874; minister to Turkey March 9, 1875, until May, 1880; Postmaster General in the cabinet of Presi- dent Hayes June 2, 1880, to March 5, 1881; died in Knoxville, Tenn., May 3, 1882. Maynard, John, a Representative from New York; native of that state; was graduated from Union college in 1810; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Seneca Falls N. Y. ; moved to Auburn; elected as a Whig to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829); reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); member of the state senate 1838-1840; seventh district judge of the supreme court June 7, 1847, until his death in Auburn, N. Y., March 24, 1850. Mayo, Robert M., a Representative from Vir- ginia; presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Forty-eighth Congress, and served from March 4, 1884, to March 20, 1884, when he was succeeded by George T. Garrison, who contested his election. Mayrant, William, a Representative from South Carolina; native of that state; elected to the Fourteenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1815, until his resignation October 21, 1816; de- feated for the Fifteenth Congress. Mays, Dannitte Hill, a Representative from Florida; born in Madison county, Fla., April 28, BIOGEAPHIES. 857 1852; attended the county schools and the Wash- ington and Lee university in Lexington, Va.; member of the Florida legislature, and served one term as speaker; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 3, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Meacham, James, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Rutland, Vt., August 10, 1810; was graduated from Middle bury* college in 1832; taught in the seminary in Castleton, vt., and in the academy in St. Albans, Vt.; attended Andover theological seminary ; tutor and professor at Middle- bury college; ordained to the Congregational min- istry in 1838, and was pastor in New Haven, Vt.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George P. Marsh; reelected to the Thirty -second, Thirty- third, and Thirty-fourth Congresses, and served from December 3, 1849, until his death in Rutland, Vt., August 22, 1856. Mead, Cowles, a Representative from Georgia; native of that state; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Ninth Congress, and served until December 24, 1805, when he was succeeded by Thomas Spalding, who contested his election; appointed secretary of Mississippi territory in 1806. Meade, Edwin Ruthven, a Representative from New York; born in Norwich, N. J., July 6, 1836; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Norwich in 1858; moved to New York City in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); died in New York City, November 28, 1889. Meade, Richard Kidder, a Representative from Virginia; born in Frederick county, Va., in 1795; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Petersburg, Va.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1853); declined the appointment of charg6 d'affaires to Sardinia ten- dered by President Pierce in 1853; minister to Brazil by the nomination of President Buchanan July 27, 1857, to July 9, 1861; returned to Virginia and devoted himself to the cause of the Confed- eracy; died in Petersburg, Va., April 20, 1862. Mebane, Alexander, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Pennsylvania, November 26, 1744; moved with parents to Hawfields, N. C.; attended the common schools of Orange county; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1776; justice of the peace and sheriff of Orange county; auditor of the Hillsboro district 1783-1784; member of the Hillsboro convention of 1788, f.nd of the Fayetteville convention of 1789; member of the house of commons of North Carolina 1787- 1792; elected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793- March 3, 1795); died in Hawfields, Orange county, N. C., July 5, 1795. Medill, William, a Representative from Ohio; born in Newcastle county, Del., in 1805; com- pleted preparatory studies, and was graduated from Delaware college in 1825; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Lancaster county, Ohio, in 1832; member of the state house of representatives 1835-1837, and served as speaker in 1836-1837; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1839-1843); appointed by Presi- dent Polk Second Assistant Postmaster General in 1845; Commissioner of Indian Affairs October 28, 1845, to May 29, 1850; delegate in the Ohio consti- tutional convention of 1850; lieutenant governor of Ohio 1852-1853, and governor 1854-1855; unsuc- cessful candidate for reelection as governor of Ohio, 1855; the first Comptroller of the United States Treasury by appontment of President Buchanan March 26, 1857, to April 10, 1861; died in Lan- caster, Ohio, September 2, 1865. Meech, Ezra, a Representative from Vermont; born in New London, Conn., July 26, 1773; moved to Hinesburgh, Vt., in 1785; attended the common schools; engaged in the fur trade in the Northwest and in ship-timber contracts in Canada; moved to Shelburne, Vt., and engaged in farming and stock raising; member of the state house of representa- tives 1805-1807; elected as a W T hig to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); reelected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827) ; delegate in the state constitutional conven- tions of 1822 and 1826; chief justice of Chittenden county court 1822-1823; presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1840; died in Shelburne, Vt., Sep- tember 23, 1856. Meekison, David, a Representative from Ohio; born in Dundee, {Scotland, November 14, 1849; came with his parents to the United States in 1855 and located in Napoleon, Ohio; attended the com- mon schools; entered a printing office; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1873; county prose- cuting attorney; probate judge 1881-1888; in 1886 established the Meekison bank in Napoleon, Ohio; mayor of Napoleon 1890-1897; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901); president of state bank in Napoleon, Ohio. Meigs, Henry, a Representative from New York; born in New Haven, Conn., October 28, 1782; was graduated from Yale college in 1798; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in New York city; served in the war of 1812; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); died in New York city, May 20, 1861. Meigs, Return Jonathan, a Senator from Ohio; born in Middletown, Conn., November 16, 1764; was graduated from Yale college in 1785; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice in Marietta, Ohio; served in the Indian war;* territorial judge 1802-1803; chief justice of the Ohio supreme court 1803-1804; bevetted colonel in the United States army and commanded in the St. Charles district in Louisiana 1804-1806; judge of the supreme court of Louisiana 1805-1806; judge of the United States district court for the territory of Michigan 1807-1808; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Smith; was reelected, and served from December 12, 1808, to May ], 1810, when he resigned; governor of Ohio 1810-1814; Postmaster General by the appointment of Presi> dent Madison and reappointment of President Monroe March 17, 1814, to June 26, 1823; died in Marietta, Ohio, March 29, 1824. Meiklejohn, George De Rue, a Representa- tive from Nebraska; born in Weyauwega, Waupaca county, Wis., August 26, 1857; attended the state normal school in Oshkosh, Wis., and was graduated from the law department of Michigan university, 858 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Ann Arbor, in 1880; principal of the high school in Weyauwega, Wis., and Liscomb, Iowa; was ad- mitted to the bar and began practice in Fullerton, Nance county, Nebr., in 1880; county attorney for Nance county 1881-1884; member of the state senate in 1884-1888, and served as president of the body 1886-1888; chairman of the Republican state convention of 1887; chairman of the Republican state central committee 1887-1888; lieutenant governor of Nebraska 1889-1891; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); appointed by President McKinley Assistant Secretary of War April 14, 1897, and served until March, 1901, when he resigned; resumed the practice of law in Omaha, Nebr. Mellen, Prentiss, a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Sterling, Mass., October 11, 1764; was graduated from Harvard college in 1784; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice in Sterling, Mass., in 1786; practiced in Bridge- water, Mass., 1789-1791, in Dover, N. H., 1791- 1792, in Biddeford, Me., 1792-1806, and in Port- land, Me., 1806-1840; member of the executive council 1808-1809 and 1817; presidential elector on the Monroe and Tompkins ticket in 1817; trustee of Bowdoin college 1817-1836; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Eli P. Ashmun, and served from June 5, 1818, to May 15, 1820, when he resigned on the creation of the state of Maine to become chief jus- tice of the supreme court of that state; retired in 1834 on reaching the age of 70 years; chairman of the commission to revise and codify the public statutes of Maine in 1838; died in Portland, Me., December 31, 1840. Mellish, David Batcheller, a Representative from New York; born in Oxford, Mass., January 2, 1831; attended the public schools, and became a printer in Worcester; taught school in Massachu- setts, Maryland, and Pennsylvania; proof reader in New York city; reporter for the New York Tribune; stenographer to the police board of New York city for ten years; appointed assistant appraiser of mer- chandise for the port of New York in 1871; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress, and served from March 4, 1873, until his death in Wash- ington, D. C., May 23, 1874. Menifee, Richard H., a Representative from Kentucky; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice in Lexington, Ky.; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); died in Frankfort, Ky., February 21, 1841. Menzies, John W., a Representative from Ken- tucky ; born in Fayette county, Ky., April 12, 1819; was graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Covington, Ky., in 1841; member of the state house of representatives in 1848 and 1855; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1864. Mercer, Charles Fenton, a Representative from Virginia; born in Fredericksburg, Va., June 6, 1778; was graduated from Princeton college in 1797; lieutenant and captain of cavalry in the United States army 1798-1800; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1802, and settled in practice in Aldie, Loudoun county, Va.; member of the state house of representatives; 1810-1817; briga- dier general in the war of 1812, and commanded the forces at Norfolk, Va.; president of the Chesa- peake & Ohio canal company; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifteenth, and to the eleven succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1817, to December 26, 1839, when he resigned; died in Howard, Va., May 4, 1858; interment in Leesburg, Va. Mercer, David Henry, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Benton county, Iowa, July 9, 1857; moved with his parents to Adams county, 111., in 1858; at close of the war moved with his parents to Brown ville, Nebr., where he attended the public schools, and was graduated from the Nebraska state university in 1880; was graduated from the law department of Michigan state univer- sity in 1882; was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Brownyille, Nebr. ; served one term as city clerk and police judge; twice elected secretary of the Republican state central committee; moved to Omaha in 1885, and for several years was chairman of the Republican city and county com- mittees; elected secretary of the Republican na- tional congressional committee in 1896; in 1897- 1898 was chairman of the Republican state central committee of Nebraska; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, and to the four succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1903); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Fifty-eighth Con- gress; located in Washington, D. C. Mercer, James, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Marlboro, Va., February 26, 1736; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1767; active in pre-Revolutionary affairs, and a captain in the French and Indian wars; commander of Fort Loudoun, Winchester, Va., in 1756; a representative in the Virginia house of burgesses in 1765; member of Virginia conventions of 1775; member of state constitutional convention of May, 1776; member of the committee of public safety 1775-1776; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1779-1780; judge of admiralty in 1780; judge of the Virginia court of appeals 1789, and served until his death in Richmond, Va., October 31, 1793. Mercer, John Francis, a Delegate from Vir- ginia and a Representative from Maryland ; born in Marlboro, Frederick county, Va., May 17, 1759; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1775; entered the Revolutionary army as lieutenant in the third Virginia regiment; wounded at the battle of Brandy wine; promoted to captain of the regiment in 1777, and was aid de camp to Gen. Charles Lee 1778-1779; lieutenant colonel of Vir- ginia cavalry; Delegate from Virginia in the Con- tinental Congress 1782-1785; moved to West River, Arundel county, Md.; delegate from Maryland to the Federal constitutional convention; represent- ative in the state assembly for several sessions; elected a Representative to the Second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Pinkney; reelected to the Third Congress, and served from February 6, 1792, until his resignation, April 13, 1794; member of the state house of repre- sentatives; governor of Maryland 1801-1803; again a member of the state legislature; died in Philadel- phia, Pa., August 30, 1821. Mercur, TJlysses, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Towanda, Pa., August 12, 1818; was graduated from Jefferson college, Canonsburg, Pa., in 1842; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Towanda in 1843; BIOGRAPHIES. 859 delegate in the Republican national convention of 1856; presidential elector in 1860; president- judge of the thirteenth judicial district of Penn- sylvania from 1861 until March 4, 1865, when he resigned; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Congresses, and served from March 4, 1865, until his resignation, December 2, 1872; associate justice of the supreme court of Pennsylvania in 1872- 1883, and chief justice 1883 until his death in Wal- lingford, Pa., June 6, 1887. Meredith, Elisha Edward, a Representative from Virginia; born in Sumter county, Ala., December 26, 1848; attended Hampden-Sydney college, Virginia; was admitted to the bar in 1869; prosecuting attorney for Prince William county seventeen years; member of the senate of Virginia from 1883 to 1887; presidential elector in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William H. F. Lee; reelected to the Fifty-third and Fifty- fourth Congresses, and served from December 7, 1891, to March 3, 1895; resumed the practice of law; died in Manassas, Va., July 29, 1900. Meredith, Samuel, a Delegate from Penn- sylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1741; attended Dr. Allison's academy in Philadelphia; engaged in mercantile pursuits; member pt the colonial legislature; active in ante-Revolutionary affairs; served in the Revolutionary war, as major and lieutenant colonel of the third battalion of associators in 1776; brigadier general of Pennsyl- vania militia April 5, 1777, "for gallant services in the battles of Brandy wine and Germantown;" resigned in 1778; member of the Pennsylvania as- sembly; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1787- 1788; surveyor of the port of Philadelphia; was the first United States Treasurer, appointed September 1 1, 1789, and served until his resignation, December 1, 1801; retired to his country home, "Belmont Manor," near Pleasant Mount, Wayne county, Pa. ; died in Belmont, Pa., March 10, 1817. Meriwether, David, a Senator from Kentucky; born in Louisa county, Va., October 30, 1800; attended the common schools; engaged in fur trad- ing near Council Bluffs, Iowa; became a farmer in Kentucky; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Kentucky; in 1832 elected a mem- ber of the state house of representatives and served for thirteen terms; delegate in the state constitu- tional convention of 1849; secretary of state of Kentucky; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Henry Clay, and served from July 6, 1852, until September 1, 1852; governor of New Mexico May 6, 1853, to January 5, 1855; representative in the Kentucky legislature 1858-1885, and served as speaker of the house in 1859; died near Louisville, Ky.. April 4. 1893. Meriwether, David, a Representative from Georgia; born in Albemarle county, Va., in 1755; completed preparatory studies; served in the Revolutionary war as a lieutenant under Gen. Washington, and was present with Virginia troops at the last siege of Savannah, Ga. ; brigadier general of state militia September 21, 1797; located in Wilkes county, Ga., in 1785, and represented that county in the Georgia legislature for several terms, and was speaker of the house 1797-1800; elected as a Democrat to the Seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Benjamin Taliaferro; reelected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, and served from December 6, 1802, to March 3, 1807 ; retired to his plantation near Athens Ga. ; appointed a commissioner to the Creek Indians in 1804, and repeatedly reappointed to treat with other tribes; presidential elector in 1817 and 1821; died near Athens, Ga., November 16, 1822. Meriwether, James, a Representative from Georgia; born in Wilkes county, Ga.; attended the common schools; participated in the Revolutionary war and attained the rank of major; was a commis- sioner in the making of one of the Indian treaties; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825- March 3, 1827). Meriwether, James A. , a Representative from Georgia; native of that state; received an excellent schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Eatonton, Ga.; representative in the state legislature; judge of the superior court for the Eatonton district; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); again a member of the state house of repre- sentatives, and its speaker until his death in Eatonton, Ga., in 1856. Merriam, Clinton Levi, a Representative from New York; born in Leyden, N. Y., March 25, 1824; completed preparatory studies; engaged in mercan- tile pursuits in northern New York; moved to New York City in 1847, and became an importer, and in 1860 entered the banking business; returned to Leyden in 1864; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); died in Washington, D. C., February 18, 1900. Merrick, William Duhurst, a Senator from Maryland; born in Annapolis, Md., October 25, 1793; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from Georgetown university, Washing- ton, D. C.; held several local offices; served in the war of 1812; returned to his home in Charles county, Md.; register of wills of Charles county 1825-1832; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Port Tobacco, Md., several years; member of the state legislature two terms; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, to fill va- cancy caused by the death of Joseph Kent; re- elected and served from January 4, 1838, to March 3, 1845; member of the state constitutional con- vention of 1850; again elected to the legislature; died in Washington, D. C., February, 5, 1857. Merrick, William Matthew, a Representative from Maryland; born in Charles county, Md., Sep- tember 1, 1818; was graduated from Georgetown university in 1831 ; studied law in the University of Virginia, was admitted to the bar in Baltimore in 1839, and commenced practice in Frederick, Md., in 1844; deputy attorney general for Frederick county 1845-1850; moved to Washington, D. C., in 1854; associate justice of the United States circuit court for the District of Columbia 1854-1863; re- sumed the practice of law in Maryland ; professor of law in Columbian college 1866-1867 ; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1867; member of the state house of representatives in 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Forty-third Congress; associate judge of the supreme court of the District of Colum- bia in 1885-1889; died in Washington, D. C., Feb- ruary 4, 1889. Merrill, Orsamus C., a Representative from Vermont; born in Farmington, Conn., June 18, 860 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1775; completed preparatory studies; moved to Bennington, Vt., in April, 1791; studied law, was admitted to the bar in June, 1804; served in the war of 1812; major in the eleventh United States infantry March 3, 1813; lieutenant colonel of the twenty-sixth infantry, serving as rifleman, Sep- tember 4, 1814; transferred back to the eleventh infantry as lieutenant colonel September 26, 1814; honorably discharged June 15, 1815; held several local offices; register of probate in 1815; clerk of the courts in 1816; elected as a Democrat to the Fif- teenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); pre- sented credentials as a Member-elect to the Six- teenth Congress, and served until January 14, 1820, when he was succeeded by Rollin C. Mallory, who contested his election; representative in the state constitutional convention of 1822, and member of the general assembly the same year; judge of the probate court 1822, 1841-1842, and 1846; state's attorney 1823-1824; councilor 1824-1826; member of the first state senate; postmaster of Bennington several years; died in Bennington, Vt., April 12, 1865. Merriman, Truman Adams, a Representative from New York; born in Auburn, N. Y., September 5, 1839; attended the Auburn academy, and was graduated from Hobart college, Geneva, N. Y., in 1861; entered the Union army in September, 1861, as captain in the ninety-second New York infantry, and was mustered out as a lieutenant-colonel in December, 1864; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1867; moved to New York City and entered the profession of journalism in 1871; presi- dent of the New York press club 1882, 1883, and 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in New York City April 16, 1892; interment in Fort Hill cemetery, Auburn, N. Y. Merrimon, Augustus Summerneld, a Senator from North Carolina; born in Buncombe county, N. C., September 15, 1830; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1852; county attorney of Buncombe and other counties in western North Carolina; member of the state legislature 1860-1861 ; entered the Confederate army, and was captain on the staff of Col. William Johnston; resigned in the fall of 1861; solicitor for the eighth judicial dis- trict of North Carolina 1861-1865; judge of the superior court, 1866-^1867, when he resigned ; located in Raleigh, N. C., in 1867 and practiced law; de- clined the Democratic nomination for governor in 1868, and defeated for associate justice of the state supreme court the same year; defeated for governor in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1879; elected associate judge of the supreme court of North Carolina 1883-1889; chief justice from 1889 until his death in Raleigh, N. C., November 14, 1892. Merritt, 'Samuel A., a Delegate from Idaho territory; born in Staunton, Va., August 15, 1828; attended Staunton academy, and was graduated from Washington college June 18, 1848; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; moved to California; county clerk in 1850; member of the state house of representatives 1851-1852; state senator 1857-1862; moved to Idaho; elected a Dele- gate to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873). Merwin, Orange, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in NewMilford, Conn., April 7, 1777; completed preparatory course; member of the general assembly of Connecticut 1815-1820; unsuc- cessful candidate for lieutenant governor of Con- necticut; elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829); died in New Milford, Conn., September 4, 1853. Mesick, William Smith, a Representative from Michigan; born in Newark, Wayne county, N. Y., August 26, 1856; attended the common schools, Kalamazoo (Mich.) business college, and the Uni- versity of Michigan; admitted to the bar in 1881, and began practice in Mancelona, Mich.; prose- cuting attorney of Antrim county, Mich., for one term; elected as a Republican to the Fifty -fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901); resumed the practice of law in Mancelona; located in Petoskey, Mich., and engaged in the practice of law. Metcalf , Arunah, a Representative from New York; born August 15, 1771; attended the public schools; located in Otsego, N. Y.; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); member of the state house of representa- tives 1814-1816 and in 1828; died in Cooperstown, N. Y., August 15, 1848. Metcalf, Victor Howard, a Representative from California; born in Utica, Oneida county, N. Y., October 10, 1853; was graduated from the Utica free academy and from Russell's military academy, New Haven, Conn.; was graduated from the Yale law school in 1876, and was admitted to the bar in June, 1876, and practiced in Utica, N. Y., for two years; moved to California, and located in Oakland in 1879; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1899, until his resignation July 1, 1904; appointed by President Roosevelt Secretary of Commerce and Labor, and served from July 1, 1904, to March 4, 1909. Metcalfe, Henry Bleecker, a Representative from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., January 20, 1805; moved to New York City in 1811, and to Richmond county in 1816; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in New York City in 1826; county attorney of Richmond county 1826-1832; county judge 1840-1841, when he resigned; again county judge 1847-1875; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); died in Richmond, Staten Island, N. Y., February 7, 1881. Metcalfe, Lyne Shackelford, a Representative from Missouri; born in Madisonville, Ky., April 21, 1822; attended the common schools; Shurtleff and Illinois colleges; engaged in mercantile business in Alton, 111., in 1844; alderman and mayor; served in the Union army; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1863; engaged in manufacturing; served in the city council; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); died in Kirkwood, Mo., January 31, 1906. Metcalfe, Thomas, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Kentucky; born in Fauquier county, Va., March 20, 1780; moved with his parents to Fayette county, Ky.; attended the common schools; learned the mason's trade; served in the war of 1812; member of the state house of representatives 1812-1816; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twen- tieth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1819, until his resignation June 1, 1828; governor of Ken- BIOGRAPHIES. 861 tucky 1829-1833; elected to the state senate in 1834; president of the board of internal improve- ments in 1840; appointed and subsequently elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John J. Crittenden, and served from June 23, 1848, to March 3, 1849; died in Nicholas county, Ky., August 18, 1855. Meyer, Adolph, a Representative from Louisi- ana; born October 19,1842; attended the Univer- sity of Virginia until 1862; enlisted in the Con- federate army and served until the close of the war on the staff of Brig. Gen. John S. Wil- liams, of Kentucky, and attained the rank of assistant adjutant general; at the close of the war returned to Louisiana and engaged in the culture of cotton and sugar; also engaged in merchandising and banking in the city of New Orleans; colonel of the first regiment of Louisiana state national guard, and in 1881 brigadier general to command the first brigade, embracing all the uniformed corps of the State; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second, and to the eight succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1891, until his death in New Orleans, La., March 8, 1908. Meyers, Benjamin Franklin, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born near New Center- ville, Somerset county, Pa., July 6, 1833; attended the Somerset and Jefferson colleges; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1855; member of the state legislature in 1864; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1864; editor of the Bedford Gazette, and in 1868 of the Harrisburg Daily Patriot; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1873); unsuccessful candidate for reelec- tion to the Forty-third Congress; postmaster of Har- risburg, Pa., 1886-1891; editor of the Daily Star, Harrisburg, Pa. Michalek, Anthony, a Representative from Illinois; born in Radbanov, Bohemia, January 16, 1878; came with parents to the United States and located in Chicago, 111.; attended the common schools; a bookkeeper by occupation; was the first man of Bohemian blood in America elected to Congress; was elected as a Republican to the Fifty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907); president and manager of the musical conserva- tory, Chicago, 111. Mickey, J. Boss, a Representative from Illi- nois; born January 5, 1856,' in Eldorado township, McDonough county, 111.; attended the public schools and Lincoln university; taught m the public schools for a number of years; read law, was admitted to the bar in 1889, and engaged in 6-actice in Macomb, 111., until 1898; judge of cDonough county for a term of four years; re- signed February 22, 1901; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901- March 3, 1903); declined a renomination; resumed the practice of law in Macomb, 111. Middleswarth, Ner, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in New Jersey December 12, 1783; completed preparatory studies; moved to Beavertown, Pa.; member of the state house of representatives, and served as speaker two terms; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); died in Beaver- town, Pa., June 2, 1865. Middleton, Arthur, a Delegate from South Carolina; born in Middelton Place, on the Ashley river, S. C., June 26, 1742; attended Harrow school, Westminster school, and was graduated from Cambridge university (England) in 1764; member of the house of commons 1765-1775; be- came a planter in 1773; one of the council of safety in 1775 and delegate to form a state consti- tution in 1776; Delegate in the Continental Con- gress 1776-1778 and 1781-1783; a signer of the Decla- ration of Independence; served in the Revolu- tionary war; held a prisoner by the British 1780- 1781; served in the state legislature until his death, in Goose Creek, S. C., January 1, 1787. Middleton, George, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Philadelphia, Pa., October 14, 1809; moved to Burlington, N. J.; attended the public schools; became a tanner; moved to Allen- town; held several local offices; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1865); unsuccessful candidate for re- election to the Thirty-ninth Congress; died in Allen town, Monmouth county, N. J., December 31, 1888. Middleton, Henry, a Delegate from South Caro- lina; born in that state in 1717; member of the house of commons of South Carolina 1745-1747, and served as speaker; commissioner of Indian affairs in 1755; member of the South Carolina council, 1755-1770, until his resignation; colonel of a provisional regiment in the war with Cherokee Indians 1760-1761; delegate in the Continental Congress 1774-1776, and president of the body from October 22, 1774, to May 10, 1775; resigned from Congress in 1776; president of the provincial con- gress of South Carolina in 1776, and received the thanks of that body for his services in the cause of liberty; member of the council of safety; interested in agricultural pursuits at his estate, Middleton Place, S. C.; died in Charleston, S. C., June 13, 1784. Middleton, Henry, a Representative from South Carolina; born in London, England, Sep- tember 28, 1770; pursued classical studies; came to the United States and located at Middleton Place on the Ashley river, S. C.; elected to the house of representatives of South Carolina, and member of the state senate 1801-1810; governor of South Carolina 1810-1812; elected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1819); minister to Russia April 6, 1820, to August 3, 1830; leader of the Union party of South Carolina, and member of the Union convention of 1833; died in Charleston, S. C., June 14, 1846. Miers, Robert Walter, a Representative from Indiana; born near Greensburg, Decatur county, Ind., January 27, 1848; was graduated from the lit- erary and law departments of Indiana university; was admitted to the bar in April, 1872, and com- menced practice in Bloomington, Ind.; prose- cuting attorney for the tenth judicial circuit of Indiana in 1875 and reelected in 1877; elected to the Indiana house of representatives in 1879; trustee of the Indiana university 1881-1893; ap- pointed judge of the tenth judicial circuit of Indiana in 1883 to fill an unexpired term; unsuc- cessful nominee for secretary of state in 1886, and in 1888; elected judge of the tenth circuit in 1890, and served until September, 1896, when he re- signed; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty -fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1905); resumed the practice of law in Bloomington, Ind. 862 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Mifflin, Thomas, a Delegate from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., 1744; was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1760; member of the colonial legislature 1772-1774; trustee of the University of Pennsylvania 1778- 1791; member of American philosophical society 1765-1799; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1774-1776 and 1782-1784; assisted in organizing troops and in training them for service in the Con- tinental army; major and chief aid-de-camp to Gen. Washington July 4, 1775; major and quar- termaster general of the Continental army August 14, 1775; colonel December 22, 1775; brigadier general May 16, 1776; major general February 19, 1777; resigned as quartermaster general Novem- ber 7, 1777, but continued in the performance of that duty to December 8, 1777; member of board of war November 7, 1777; resigned as major general February 25, 1779; in January, 1780, appointed a member of a special board to consider general ex- penses, and was given the thanks of Congress for the "wise and salutary plans recommended;" served as speaker of the state house of representa- tives 1785-1788; delegate in the federal constitu- tional convention of 1787; president of the supreme executive council of Pennsylvania October, 1788, to October, 1790; president of the state constitu- tional convention of 1790; governor of Pennsyl- vania 1790-1799; again a state representative 1799- 1800; died in Lancaster, Pa., January 20, 1800. Miles, Frederick, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Goshen, Litchfield county, Conn., December 19, 1815; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course; engaged in mercantile pursuits in Goshen until 1857; moved to Chapinville, in Salisbury, in 1858, and engaged in the manufacture of iron; elected in 1877 to the state senate of Connecticut for two years, and resigned in February, 1879; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); declined nomination for reelection; reelected to the Fifty- first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); died near Salisbury, Conn., November 20, 1896. Miles, Joshua Weldon, a Representative from Maryland; bom on his father's farm on the Great Annamessex river, in Somerset county, Md., December 9, 1858; attended private school and Marion academy; was graduated from Western Maryland college in 1878; studied law and was admitted to the bar in July, 1880; state attorney of Somerset county in 1883; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); delegate at large in the Democratic national con- vention of 1900; engaged in the practice of law in Princess Anne, Md. Miles, William Porcher, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., July 4, 1822; attended Wellington school in Charleston, and was graduated from Charleston college in 1842 ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practiced in Charleston; mayor of Charleston 1856- 1857 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1857, until the secession of South Carolina; was a representative from South Carolina to the Confed- erate provisional congress in Montgomery, Ala., in February, 1861; served in the Confederate congress from February, 1862, to March, 1864; colonel on the staff of Gen. Beauregard; president of the Col- lege of South Carolina 1880-1882; died in Burn- side, La., May 11, 1899. Millard, Joseph Hopkins, a Senator from Nebraska; born in Hamilton, Canada, April 20, 1836; moved with his parents to Iowa, and located near Sabula, Jackson county; moved to Omaha in 1856; engaged in the land business and later in banking; served one term as mayor of Omaha; for six years director of the Union Pacific railroad company; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1901, until March 3, 1907; resumed banking business in Omaha, Nebr. Millard, Stephen C., a Representative from New York; born in Stamford, Vt., January 14, 1841 ; was graduated from Williams college, Mass., in 1865; attended Harvard law school, and was ad- mitted to the bar of the state of New York in May, 1867, in Binghamton; chairman of the Republican county committee 1872-1879; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); resumed the practice of law in Binghamton, N. Y. Milledge, John, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Georgia; born in Savannah, Ga., in 1757; completed preparatory studies; studied law; served in the Revolutionary war, and was one of the patriots who rifled the powder magazine in Savannah, and thus furnished powder that was subsequently used by Continental soldiers at the battle of Bunker Hill; attorney general of Georgia in 1870; member of the state legislature; elected to the Second Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by declaring the seat of Anthony Wayne vacant, and served from November 22, 1792, to March 3, 1793; reelected to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1799); again elected to the Seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1801, until his resignation in May, 1802; governor of Georgia 1802-1806; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Jackson; reelected, and served from June 19, 1806, until his resignation, Novem- ber 14, 1809; died in Sand Hill, Ga., February 9, 1818. Millen, John, a Representative from Georgia; born in Savannah, Ga., in 1804; completed prepar- atory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Savannah many years; sev- eral times a member of the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1843, until his death in Savannah, Ga., October 15, 1843. Miller, Clarence Benjamin, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Goodhue county, Minn., March 13, 1872; attended the country school, high school, and the Minneapolis academy; was grad- uated from the University of Minnesota in 1895, and from the law department of the same institu- tion in 1900; superintendent of public schools of Rushford, Minn., 1895-1898; practiced law in Duluth, Minn.; member of the Minnesota legisla- ture in 1907; elected as a Republican to the Sixty- first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Miller, Daniel F., a Representative from Iowa; was born in Allegany county, Md., October 4, 1841; pursued an academic course; studied law in Pitts- burgh, Pa., and commenced practice in 1839 in Iowa; unsuccessfully contested the election of William H. Thompston to the Thirty-first Con- gress and the seat was declared vacant; subse- sequently elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first BIOGKAPHIES. 863 Congress, and served from December 20, 1850, to March 3, 1851; presidential elector on the Repub- lican ticket of 1856. Miller, Daniel H., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; was a native of Philadelphia, Pa. ; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Eighteenth, Nine- teenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1831); died in Philadel- phia, Pa., in 1846. Miller, George Funston, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Chillisquaque town- ship, Northumberland county, Pa., September 5, 1809; attended the academy in Milton, Pa. ; taught school; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Lewisburg; secretary of the Lewisburg university 1848-1864; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); died in Lewisburg, Pa., October 21, 1888. Miller, Homer Virgil Milton, a Senator from Georgia; born in Pendleton district, S. C., April 29, 1814; moved with his parents to Rabun county, Ga., in 1820; attended the common schools; was graduated from the medical college of South Car- olina in 1835; and commenced practice in Cass- ville, Ga., in 1838; served in the Confederate army as surgeon in the eighth Georgia infantry and subsequently as brigade and division surgeon in Virginia, with Gen. Beauregard at Charleston, 5. C., and as medical director, surgeon of posts, and inspector of hospitals in Georgia; resumed the practice of medicine in Rome, Ga.; unsuc- cessful Whig candidate for election to the Twenty- ninth Congress; member of the state reconstruc- tion convention of 1867; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy existing since Feb- ruary 4, 1861; qualified under the terms of joint resolution of February 24, 1871, prescribing a special oath, and served from February 24, 1871, to March 3^ 1871; trustee of the University of Georgia; died in Atlanta, Ga., May 31, 1896. Miller, Jacob Welsh, a Senator from New Jer- sey; bom in German Valley, Morris county, N. J., in November, 1800; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1823, and commenced practice in Morris- town, N. J.; elected to the general assembly in 1832; member of the state .senate 1838-1840; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate; reelected, and served from March 4, 1841, to March 3, 1853; died in Morristown, N. J., September 30, 1862. Miller, James Francis, a Representative from Texas; born in Tennessee, August 1, 1832; pursued classical studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; engaged in banking and stock raising; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887; resumed banking business in Gonzales, Tex. Miller, James Monroe, a Representative from Kansas; born in Three Springs, Huntingdon county, Pa., May 6, 1852; attended Dickinson seminary, Williamsport, Pa.; studied law and was admitted to the bar; located in practice in Council Grove, Kans.; county attorney of Morris county, Kans., in 1880, 1884, and 1886; member of the Kansas legislature in 1894; Republican presi- dential elector for Kansas in 1884; electea as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth, and to the five suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Council Grove, Kans. Miller, Jesse, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; native of Landisburg, Pa.; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; sheriff of Perry county 1823- 1826; member of the state senate 1830-1834; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty- fourth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1833, until his resignation, October 30, 1826; Auditor of the United States Treasury, November 18, 1836, to June 17, 1842; canal commissioner of Pennsyl- vania 1845-1846; secretary of state of Pennsylvania 1845-1851; died in Harrisburg, Pa., August 20, 1850. Miller, John, a Representative from New York; born in Amenia, N. Y., November 10, 1774; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine in the University of Pennsylvania, and commenced practice in Truxton, N. Y.; postmaster of Truxton 1805-1825; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1817, 1820, and 1845; elected to the Nine- teenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827); delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1846; died in Truxton, N. Y., March 31, 1862. Miller, John, a Representative from Missouri; born in Berkeley county, Va., in 1780; moved to Steubenville, Ohio, in 1806; attended the public schools; served in the war of 1812; moved to Mis- souri; register of public lands; governor of Mis- souri 1826-1832; elected as a Van Buren Democrat to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843); died near Florisant, Mo., March 18, 1846. Miller, John Franklin, a Senator from Califor- nia; born in South Bend, Ind., November 21, 1831; pursued an academic course; studied law, was graduated from the New York state law school in 1852, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in South Bend, Ind.; went to California and practiced for a short time; returned to South Bend; member of the Indiana state senate in 1860, but resigned to enter the Union army ; commissioned colonel of the twenty-ninth Indiana infantry August 27, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers January 5, 1864; brevetted major general March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorius services at Nashville, Tenn.;" resigned September 25, 1865; returned to California; collector of the port of San Francisco four years; declined a reappointment ; Republican candidate for presidential elector in 1872, 1876, and 1880; member of the California state constitutional convention in 1879; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1881, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 8, 1886. Miller, John Gaines, a Representative from Missouri; born in Danville, Ky., November 29, 1812; attended the common schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1834; moved to Boonville, Mo., in 1835; member of the state house of representatives in 1840; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and Thirty-fourth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1851, until his death in Saline county, Mo., May 11, 1856. Miller, John Krepps, a Representative from Ohio; born in Mount Vernon, Ohio, May 24, 1819; attended the public schools, and studied law; was graduated from Jefferson college, Canonsburg, Pa., in 1838; was admitted to the bar in 1841. and 864 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. S-acticed in Mount Vernon, Ohio; member of the emocratic national convention of 1844; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); declined the chief justiceship of Washington territory in 1853; died in Mount Vernon, Ohio, August 11, 1863. Miller, Joseph, a Representative from Ohio; born in Chillicothe, Ohio, September, 1819; at- tended the common schools, and was graduated from Miami university, Oxford, Ohio, in 1839; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1841, and served as prosecuting attorney of Ross county, Ohio, 1844-1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-sixth Congress; appointed United States district judge for Nebraska territory April 9, 1859, and served until after the election of Abraham Lincoln; returned to Chillicothe, Ohio, and died there May 27, 1862. Miller, Killian, a Representative from New York; born in Claverack, N. Y., July 30, 1785; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1806 in Livingston, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives in 1825 and 1828; moved to Hudson, N. Y., in 1833; county clerk 1837-1840; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); died in Hudson, N. Y., January 9, 1859. Miller, Lucas Miltiades, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Laviadia, Greece, September 15, 1824; came to the United States and located in Montpelier, Vt.; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced; moved to Wisconsin in 1846; member of the Wis- consin legislature in 1853; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); died in Oshkosh, Wis., December 21, 1902. Miller, Morris S., a Representative from New York; born in 1779; located in Utica, N. Y. ; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); state commissioner to the Seneca Indians in 1819; Oneida county judge; died in Utica, N. Y., November 15, 1824. Miller, Nathan, a Delegate from Rhode Island ; born in Warren, R. I., March 26, 1743; ship car- penter by trade; prominent in the pre-Revolu- tionary movements; served as commissary and major general in the Revolutionary war; Delegate in the Continental Congress, and served from July 14, 1786, to November 3, 1786; reelected, but did not take his seat; member of the state convention of 1790; died in Warren, R. I., May 20, 1790. Miller, Orrin L., a Representative from Kansas; born in Newburg, Me., January 11, 1856; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice in Bangor, Me., in 1880; moved to Kansas and located in Kansas City, where he engaged in the practice of law; appointed district judge for the twenty-ninth judicial district of Kansas in March, 1887, and elected to that office for four years in November of the same year; resigned in 1891, to resume the practice of law; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); resumed the practice of law in Kansas City, Kans. Miller, Pleasant M., a Representative from Tennessee; was elected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811). Miller, Rutger B., a Representative from New York; native of that state; elected to the Twenty- fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Samuel Beardsley, and served from De- cember 5, 1836, to March 3, 1837; died in Utica, N. Y., November 13, 1877. Miller, Samuel P., a Representative from New York; bora in Franklin, N. Y., May 27, 1827; was graduated from Hamilton college in 1852; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1853; engaged in farming and lumbering; member of the state house of representatives in 1854; elected as a Re- publican to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); reelected to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); member of the state constitutional convention of 1867 ; dis- trict collector of internal revenue 1869-1873; on the state board of charities 1869-1877; died in Franklin, N. Y., March 16, 1892. Miller, Samuel North, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Cool Spring, Mercer county, Pa., April 19, 1840; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Westminster college in 1860; taught school in the winter of 1860-1861 in Madison county, Ky.; edited and published the Mercer Dispatch 1861-1870; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Mer- cer in 1870; elected as a Republican to the Forty- seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March3, 1885); elected president judge of the several courts of Mercer county, Pa., in 1894, for ten years. Miller, Smith, a Representative from Indiana; born in North Carolina May 30, 1804; moved to Patoka, Gibson county, Ind.; received a limited schooling; engaged in farming; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857); died near Fatoka, Ind., March 21, 1872. Miller, Stephen Decatur, a Representative and a Senator from South Carolina ; born in Waxhaw settlement, Lancaster district, S. C., May 8, 1787; was graduated from South Carolina college in 1808; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Sumterville in 1811; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William May- rant; reelected to the Fifteenth Congress, and served from January 2, 1817, to March 3, 1819; state senator 1822-1828; governor of South Carolina 1828-1830; elected as a Nullifier to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1831, until his resignation, March 2, 1833; delegate in the nulli- fication convention of 1830 and 1832; engaged in cotton planting in Mississippi in 1835; died in Raymond, Miss., March 8, 1838. Miller, Thomas Ezekiel, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Ferrybeeville, Beaufort county, S. C., June 17, 1849; attended the public schools; was graduated from Lincoln university, in Pennsylvania, in 1872; read law, and was admitted to the bar in 1875; school commissioner in 1872; member of the South Carolina house of represent- atives in 1874, 1876, and 1878; elected to the state senate in 1880; reelected to the state house of repre- sentatives in 1886; member of the state executive committee; successfully contested the election of William Elliott to the Fifty-first Congress, and served from September 24, 1890, to March 3, 1891 ; president of the state colored college in Orangeburg, S. C., in 1896. BIOGRAPHIES. 865 Miller, Warner, a Representative and a Senator from New York; born in Oswego county, N. Y., August 12, 1838; was graduated from Union college in 1860; taught in the Fort Edward collegiate insti- tute; enlisted as private in the fifth New York cavalry; served in the Shenandoah Valley; pro- moted to be sergeant major and lieutenant; taken prisoner at the battle of Winchester; exchanged, and honorably discharged ; engaged in the manu- facture of paper, and farming; delegate in the Re- publican national convention in Philadelphia in 1872; elected to the New York legislature in 1874 and 1875; elected as a Republican to the Forty- sixth Congress; reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1879, until hia resignation, before the assembling of Congress, in 1881; elected to the United States Senate July 16, 1881, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas C. Platt, and served from October 11, 1881, until March 3, 1887; retired from public life and a resident of Herkimer, N. Y. Miller, Warren, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Meigs county, Ohio, April 2, 1847; moved to Virginia (now West Virginia) about 1850; attended common schools, and the Ohio univer- sity in Athens; taught school; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1871; assistant prose- cuting attorney of Jackson county one term, and prosecuting attorney eight years from January 1, 1881; delegate in the Republican national con- vention in Chicago in 1884; member of the West Virginia legislature 1890-1891; unsuccessful can- didate for supreme judge in 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899) ; resumed the practice of law in Jackson, W. Va. Miller, William Henry, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Perry county. Pa., January 29, 1828; was graduated from Marshall college; state supreme court clerk 1854-1863; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-ninth Congress; died in Harrisburg, Pa., September 12, 1870. Miller, William S., a Representative from New York; native of that state; elected to the Twenty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); died in New York City, November 9, 1854. Milligan, John J., a Representative from Dela- ware; born in Cecil county, Md., December 10, 1795; attended Princeton college ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in New Castle county, Del., in 1818; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty- fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1831- March 3, 1839); appointed judge of the state supe- rior court in 1839; died in Philadelphia, Pa., April 20, 1875. Milliken, Charles W., a Representative from Kentucky; born in Graves county, Ky., August 15, 1827; moved to Simpson county, Ky., in 1829; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; county attorney for five years; commonwealth attorney of the fourth judicial district of Ken- tucky from 1867 until his resignation, February 24, 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); resumed the practice of law in Franklin, Ky. Milliken, Seth Llewellyn, a Representative from Maine; born in Montville, Me., December 12, 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 55 1831; attended Waterville college, and was grad- uated from Union college, New York, in 1856; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; member of the Maine legislature 1857-1858 ; moved to Bed- ford, Me. ; clerk of the supreme judicial court 1859- 1871; delegate in the Republican national con- ventions of 1876 and 1884; presidential elector in 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1883- March 3, 1897); died in Washington, D. C., April 18, 1897. Millington, Charles Stephen, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Norway, Herkimer county, N. Y., March 13, 1855; attended the dis- trict schools of Poland, the Fairfield academy, and Hungerford collegiate institute; entered the employ of the Hungerford National bank, in Adams, N. Y. ; organized and became cashier of the Bank of Poland; moved to Herkimer, N. Y., in 1894, and continued in the banking business; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); resumed business activities in Herkimer, N. Y. Mills, Daniel Webster, a Representative from Illinois; born near Waynesville, Warren county, Ohio, February 25, 1838; attended the common schools of Rayesville and the Waynesville high school; in 1859 engaged in the mercantile, grain- shipping, and pork-packing business in Corwin, Ohio; served in the Union army as captain of com- pany D, one hundred and eightieth Ohio volun- teers, until the close of the war; in 1866 went to Chicago and engaged in lake shipping for three years; served as warden of the Cook county hos- pital 1877-1881; twice elected alderman; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); died in Chicago, 111., De- cember 16, 1904. Mills, Elijah Hunt, a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Chesterfield, Mass., December 1, 1776; was graduated from Wil- liams college in 1797; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Northamp- ton; member of the state senate in 1811; district attorney for the county of Hampshire; elected as a Federalist to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1815-March3, 1819); appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Prentiss Mellen; reelected, and served from June 12, 1820, to March 3, 1827; died in Northampton, Mass., May 5, 1829. Mills, Roger Quarles, a Representative and a Senator from Texas; born in Todd county, Ky., March 30, 1832; attended the common schools; moved to Texas in 1849; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1852, and commenced practice in Corsicana; member of the Texas house of repre- sentatives 1859-1860; enlisted in the Confederate army, and was promoted to lieutenant colonel and colonel of the tenth Texas infantry; was wounded in the engagements at Missionary Ridge and Atlanta; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- third, and to the nine succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1873, until his resig- nation, March 28, 1892; unsuccessful candi- date for Speaker of the National House of Repre- sentatives in the Fifty-second Congress; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John H. Reagan; reelected, and served from March 23, 1892, to March 3, 1899; re- sumed the practice of law in Corsicana, Tex., died there September 2, 1911. 866 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Millson, John Singleton, a Representative from Virginia; born in Norfolk, Va., October 1, 1808; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced practice in Norfolk; presidential elector on the Folk-Dallas ticket in 1844, and on the Cass-Butler ticket in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- first, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1861) ; resumed the practice of law; died in Norfolk, Va., February 26, 1873. Millward, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa.; at- tended the public schools; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); unsuccessful as the Union candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress; reelected to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1259-March 3, 1861). Milnes, Alfred, a Representative from Michi- gan; born in Bradford, Yorkshire, England, May 28, 1844; came with his parents to the United States in 1854, and settled in Newton, Iowa; moved to Cold water, Mich.; attended the common schools of Utah, Iowa, and of Coldwater, Mich.; enlisted as a private in the seventeenth Michigan infantry, the "Old Stonewall Regiment," June 30, 1862, and served throughout the war; engaged with his regiment in every battle in which it took part, from South Mountain, Md., in 1862, to Lee 's surrender at Appomattox, in April, 1865; city alderman of Coldwater one term, and mayor two terms; mem- ber of the state senate 1888-1890; lieutenant gov- ernor of Michigan in 1894, and presided over the state senate until his resignation, June 1, 1895; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Julius C. Burrows, and served from December 2, 1895, to March 3, 1897; appointed postmaster of Coldwater in 1898; delegate in the Michigan con- stitutional convention 1907-1908; member of board of managers Michigan Soldiers' home; a resident of Coldwater, Mich. Milnes, William, jr., a Representative from Virginia; born in Yorkshire, England, December 8, 1827; came with parents to Potteville, Pa., in 1829; completed preparatory studies; learned the machinist's trade; engaged in mining and shipping coal; moved to Virginia in 1865; engaged in the iron business; elected as a Conservative to the Forty-first Congress, and served from January 27, 1870, to March 3, 1871; died in Shenandoah, Va., August 14, 1889. Milnor, James, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., June 20, 1773; attended the Philadelphia grammar school and the University of Pennsylvania; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Norristown, Pa., 1794-1797, and in Philadelphia, 1797-1813; member of the Philadelphia common council in 1800; of the select council 1805-1810, and its president 1808-1809; elected as a Federalist to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); ordained in the Protestant Episcopal church in 1814, and rector of St. George's Church in New York City 1816-1844; died in New York City April 8, 1844. Milnor, William, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., June 26, 1769; pursued an academic course; engaged in mercan- tile business in Philadelphia; elected as a Federalist to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1807 -March 3, 1811); reelected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); again elected to the Seventeenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1821, until his resignation in 1822; mayor and alderman of Philadelphia; died in Bur- lington, N. J., December 13, 1848. Milton, William Hall, a Senator from Florida; born near Marianna, Jackson county, Fla., March 2, 1864; attended the public schools of Jackson county, Marianna academy, and the agricultural and mechanical college, in Auburn, Ala.; city clerk and treasurer of Marianna, 1885-1893; served in the legislature of Florida, 1889-1891; studied law and was admitted to the bar in>1890; court commissioner 1890-1894; Democratic presidential elector in 1892; United States surveyor general of Florida, 1894-1897; mayor of Marianna 1898-1899; president of board of managers state reform school, in Marianna, 1897-1902; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate March 27, 1908, to fill vacancy caused by the deaths of Stephen R. Mai- lory and William J. Bryan, and served from April 6, 1908, to March 3, 1909; resumed the practice of law in Marianna. Fla. Miner, Ahiman L., a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Middletown, Vt., September 23, 1804; pursued an academic course; studied law in Poultney and Rutland, was admitted to the bar in 1833, and practiced in Wallingford 1833- 1836; moved to Manchester, Vt.; clerk of the Vermont house of representatives 1836-1837; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1838- 1839, and 1846, 1854; elected to the state senate in 1840; state's attorney for Bennington county 1843- 1844; register of probate seven years, and judge of probate 1846-1849; elected as a Whig to the Thirty second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); died in Manchester, Vt., July 19, 1886. Miner, Charles, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Norwich, Conn., February 1, 1780; attended the public schools of Norwich; moved in 1797 to his father's lands in Wyoming Valley, Pa., and to Wilkes-Barre, Pa., in 1802; Eublished the Luzerne County Federalist; mem- er of the state house of representatives 1807-1808; moved to West Chester, Pa., in 1816; published the Village Record ; elected as a Federalist to the Nine- teenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825- March 3, 1829); returned to Wilkes-Barre in 1834; died in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., October 26, 1865. Miner, Henry Clay, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, March 23, 1842; attended the New York City grammar schools and the American institute; became interested in the drug business; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); died in New York City, February 22, 1900. Miner, Phineas, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Winchester, Conn., November 27, 1777; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Litchfield, Conn.; elected to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jabez W. Huntington, and served from Decem- ber 1, 1834, to March 3, 1835; died in Litchfield, Conn., September 15, 1839. Minor, Edward Sloman, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Point Peninsula, Jefferson county, N. Y., December 13, 1840; moved with his Earents to Wisconsin in 1845, and located in Green- eld, Milwaukee county, and subsequently lived BIOGRAPHIES. 867 in the city of Milwaukee; attended the public schools; again moved with his parents to a farm in Sheboygan county in 1852, where he worked on a farm and completed a common-school education; in 1861 enlisted in company G, second Wisconsin volunteer cavalry, as a private; participated in all the expeditions, raids, and battles in which the regiment was engaged until the close of the war; mustered out as first lieutenant in November, 1865; engaged in mercantile pursuits in Sturgeon Bay, Wis., until 1884; superintendent of the Sturgeon Bay and Lake Michigan ship canal 1884-1891; member of the Wisconsin assembly in 1879, 1881, and 1882; member of the state senate 1883-1885; president pro tempore of the senate during the latter term; member of the Wisconsin fish commis- sion for four years; mayor of Sturgeon Bay in 1894; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895- March 3, 1907); postmaster of Sturgeon Bay, Wis. Mitchell, Alexander, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, Octo- ber 18, 1817; attended the parish schools, and com- pleted a commercial course; studied law, and en- gaged as a banking-house clerk; came to the United States in 1839 and located in Milwaukee, Wis.; enaged in banking; first commissioner of the Mil- waukee debt commission; president of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul railroad company 1864-1887 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); died in New York City, April 19, 1887. Mitchell, Anderson, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Caswell county, N. C., in 1800; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1821; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Wilkesboro in 1830; elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Lewis Williams, and served from April 27, 1842, to March 3, 1843. Mitchell, Charles F., a Representative from New York; native of New York City; attended the public schools; located in Lockport; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); engaged in milling in the West. Mitchell, Charles Le Moyne, a Representative from Connecticut; born in New Haven, Conn., Au- gust 6, 1844; was graduated from Cheshire academy in 1863; member of the state house of represent- atives in 1878; unsuccessful candidate for United States Senator in 1899; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); moved to New York City in 1886 and died there March 1, 1890. Mitchell, George Edward, a Representative from Maryland; born in Cecil county, Md., March 3, 1781; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania June 5, 1805; practiced medicine in Elkton, Pa., 1806-1812; representative in the state assembly in 1808; member of the executive council of Mary- land, and served as president 1809-1812; served in the War of 1812; major of the third Maryland artil- lery May 1, 1812; lieutenant colonel March 3, 1813; transferred to artillery corps May 12, 1814, and to the third artillery June 1, 1814; brevet colonel May 5, 1814, for gallant conduct in repelling at- tack of British forces at Fort Oswego, N. Y.; re- signed June 1, 1821; elected as a Democrat to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827); reelected to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses, and served from December 7, 1829, until his death in Washington. D. C., June 28, 1832. Mitchell, Henry, a Representative from New York; born in Woodbury, Conn., in 1784; pursued classical studies; studied medicine for four years in Yale college; practiced in Norwich, Chenango county, N. Y.; member of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1827; elected as a Jackson Demo- crat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833- March 3, 1835); died in Norwich, N. Y., January 12, 1856. Mitchell, James C., a Representative from Tennessee; born in Mecklenburg county, N. C., about 1790; attended the common schools; elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829); unsuccessful candi- date for reelection to the Twenty-first Congress; moved to Mississippi in 1835 and engaged in agri- cultural pursuits; member of the state house of representatives; died near Jackson, Miss., August 7, 1843. Mitchell, James S., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Rossville, York county, Pa., in 1784; attended public schools; member of the state house of representatives 1812-1814; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1827); moved to Jefferson county, Ohio, in 1827, and later to Belleville, 111., where he died in 1844. Mitchell, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Perry county, Pa.; attended the public schools; resided in Bellefonte; held several public offices; elected to the Nineteenth and Twen- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829). J- Mitchell, John Hippie, a Senator from Oregon; born in Washington county, Pa., June 22, 1835; moved with parents to Butler county, Pa., in 1837; attended the public schools, a private school, and Witherspoon institute; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1856, and practiced; moved to San Luis Obispo, Cal., and then to San Francisco, and practiced law; in 1860 went to Portland, Oreg.; elected corporation attorney of Portland in 1861, and served one year; elected to the state senate in 1862, and served four years, the last two as president of the body; commissioned by the governor of Oregon in 1865 lieutenant- colonel in the state militia; unsuccessful can- didate for United States Senator in 1866; pro- fessor of medical jurisprudence in Willamette University, in Salem, Oreg., in 1867; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate September 28, 1872, and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1879; unsuccessful candidate for the United States Senate in 1882; reelected to the United States Senate November 18, 1885, and served from December 17, 1885, until his death in Portland, Oreg., December 8, 1905. Mitchell, John Inscho, a Representative and a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Tioga county, Pa., July 28, 1838; attended the common schools, a private school, and received private instruction, and the University of Lewisburg, Pa. (1857-1859), but did not graduate; taught school 1859-1861; served in the Union army as a lieutenant and captain in the one hundred and thirty-sixth Pennsylvania infantry; studied Jaw, was admitted to the bar in 1864, and practiced in Tioga county; elected dis- 868 CONGKESSIONAL DIKECTOKY. trict attorney of Tioga county in 1868, and served three years; edited the Tioga county Agitator during 1870; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1872-1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1881, to March 3, 1887; elected president judge of the court of common pleas of the fourth Pennsylvania dis- trict 1888-1899; judge of the superior court of Pennsylvania and served one session; died in Wellsboro, Tioga county, Pa., August 20, 1907. Mitchell, John J., a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Marlboro, Mass., May 9, 1873; attended the Marlboro public schools, Boston col- lege, and Albany law school; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Marlboro; member of the Massachusetts house of representatives 1903-1906; member of the state senate 1907-1908; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Marlboro, Mass. Mitchell, John Lendrum, a Representative and a Senator from Wisconsin; born in Milwaukee, Wis., October 19, 1842; pursued an academic course and studied in England, Switzerland, and Ger- many; served in the Civil war in the twenty-fourth Wisconsin volunteer infantry; first lieutenant, and later chief of ordnance on the staff of Gen. Absa- lom Bayard; resigned in 1864; member of the state senate of Wisconsin 1872-1873 and 1875-1876; presi- dent of the public school board of the city or Mil- waukee 1884-1885 ; member of the board of managers of the National home for disabled volunteer sol- diers; president of the Milwaukee Gas company; interested in agricultural pursuits; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress, and served from March 4, 1891, until March 3, 1893, when he resigned; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1893, to March 3, 1899; pres- ident of the Wisconsin state agricultural society, and of numerous banking institutions; died in Milwaukee, Wis., June 29, 1904. Mitchell, John Murray, a Representative from New York; born in New York city, N. Y.., March 18, 1858; was graduated from Columbia college in 1877; completed a course in the Columbia law school in 1879, and was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New York City; successfully con- tested, as a Republican, the election of James J. Walsh to the Fifty -fourth Congress; reelected to the Fifty-fifth Congress, and served from June 2, 1896, to March 3, 1899; died in Tuxedo Park, N. Y., May 31, 1905. Mitchell, Nahum, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in East Bridgewater, Mass., Feb- ruary 12, 1769; was graduated from Harvard college in 1789; studied law in Plymouth, Mass.; com- menced practice in East Bridgewater, Mass., in 1792; common pleas court judge 1811-1821, and chief justice 1819-1821; member of the state house of representatives 1798-1802, 1809, 1812, 1839-1840; elected to the state senate 1813-1814; elected to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805); member of the governor's council 1814-1820; state treasurer 1822-1827; librarian and treasurer of the Massachusetts historical society; died in Ply- mouth, Mass., August 1, 1853. Mitchell, Nathaniel, a Delegate from Dela- ware; born near Laurel, Sussex county, Del., in 1753; member of the Continental army in the Revolutionary war; member of the state house of representatives; elected to the Continental Con- gress 1786-1788; elected governor of Delaware in 1804; reelected and served until 1810; member of state senate 1810-1814; died near Laurel, Del., February 21, 1814. Mitchell, Robert, a Representative from Ohio; born in Pennsylvania; attended the public schools; moved to Zanesville, Ohio; held several local offi- ces; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); died in Zanesville, Ohio, in August, 1850. Mitchell, Stephen Mix, a Delegate and a Sen-' ator from Connecticut; born in Wethersfield, Conn., December 9, 1743; was graduated from Yale college in 1763; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Wethersfield, Conn., in 1772; member of the general assembly of Connecti- cut 1778-1784; judge of the Hartford county court 1779-1795; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1783-1785; associate justice of the county court of Hartford county 1779-1790; presiding judge of the court 1790-1793; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Roger Sherman, and served from De- cember 2, 1793, to March 3, 1795; judge of the supreme court 1795-1807, and its chief justice 1807- 1814; presidential elector in 1801; died in Wethers- field, Conn., September 30, 1835. Mitchell, Thomas Rothmaler, a Representa- tive from South Carolina; native of George- town, S. C.; was graduated from Harvard univer- sity in 1802; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Georgetown, S. C.; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); reelected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829); again elected to the Twenty- second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Eight- eenth and the Twenty-first Congresses; died in Georgetown, S. C., November 2, 1837. Mitchell, William, a Representative from In- diana; born in Montgomery county, N. Y., January 19, 1807; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Kendallville, Ind.; first postmaster of Kendall- ville, Ind., 1836; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress .(March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-eighth Congress; died in Macon, Ga., Sep- tember 11, 1865. Mitchill, Samuel Latham, a Representative and a Senator from New York; born in Hempstead, N. Y., August 20, 1764; pursued classical studies; studied medicine, and was graduated from the University of Edinburgh; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; commissioner to pur- chase the land of the Iroquois Indians in west- ern New York in 1788; member of the state as- ' sembly in 1791; professor of chemistry and nat- ural history in Columbia college in 1792; one of the founders of the state society for the promotion of agriculture in 1793; editor of the Quarterly Medical Repository^ 1797-1813; again a member of the state assembly in 1798; elected as a Democrat to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1801, until his resignation, November 22, 1804; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Arm- strong, and served from November 23, 1804, to BIOGRAPHIES. 869 March 3, 1809; reelected to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1813); professor of natural history in the New York college of physicians and surgeons 1808-1820, and of botany and materia medica 1820-1826; vice-president of the Rutgers medical school 1826-1830; died in New York City September 7, 1831. Moffatt, Seth C., a Representative from Michi- gan; born in Battle Creek, Mich., August 10, 1841; attended the common schools; was graduated from the law department of Michigan university in 1863, was admitted to the bar, and engaged in the prac- tice of his profession in Traverse City, Mich.; pros- ecuting attorney for Grand Traverse and Leelanaw counties for ten years; member of the state senate of Michigan 1871-1872; member of the constitu- tional commission in 1873; register of the United States land office at Traverse City 1874-1878; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1881- 1882, serving as speaker both terms; delegate in the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1884; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1885, until his death in Washington, D. C., De- cember 22, 1887; interment in Traverse City, Mich. Moffet, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in county Antrim, Ireland, April 5, 1831; came to the United States, and located in Pennsylvania; attended the public schools in Philadelphia, Pa.; studied medicine in the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, and became an apoth- ecary; presented credentials as a Democratic Member-elect to the Forty-first Congress, and served from March 4 to April 9, 1869, when he was succeeded by Leonard Myers, who contested his election; resumed the practice of pharmacy until his death in Philadelphia, Pa., June 19, 1884. Moflit, Hosea, a Representative from New York; a native of Rensselaer county, N. Y.; mem- ber of the state assembly 1794-1801; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817). Moffitt, John H., a Representative from New York; born in Chazy, Clinton county, N. Y., January 8, 1843; attended the common schools^ Plattsburg academy, and Fort Edward collegiate institute; enlisted as a private in the sixteenth regiment New York volunteers April 27, 1861; wounded at the battle of Gaines Mills June 27, 1862; mustered out of service with his regiment May 18, 1863; deputy collector of customs in Rouses Point, N. Y., 1866-1872; engaged in the manufac- ture of charcoal bloom iron; elected supervisor of Saranac, Clinton county, in 1877; elected as a Re- publican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); appointed super- intendent of the waterworks in Syracuse, N. Y. Molony, Richard Shepard, a Representative from Illinois; native of Northfield, N. H.; studied medicine, and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1838, and commenced practice in Belvi- dere, 111.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); died in Humboldt, Nebr., December 14, 1891. Mondell, Frank Wheeler, a Representative from Wyoming; born in St. Louis, Mo., November 6, 1860; attended the common schools, and received instruction in the higher branches from a private tutor; _ engaged in mercantile pursuits, mining, and railway construction in various Western states and territories; settled in Wyoming in 1887, and engaged in the development of coal mines and oil property in the vicinity of Newcastle and Cam- bria; took an active part in the establishment and building of the town of Newcastle, Wyo., and the development of the Cambria, Wyo., mines; elected mayor of Newcastle in 1888, and served until 1895; elected a member of the first state senate in 1890, served as president of that body at the session of 1892; delegate in the Republican national conven- tion in Minneapolis in 1892; appointed assistant commissioner of the general land office November 15, 1897, and served until March 3, 1899; elected asa Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); reelected to the Fifty-sixth, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Monell, Robert, a Representative from New York; native of Columbia county, N. Y.; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Greene, Chenango county, N. Y. ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1814-1815, 1825-1826, and 1828; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); reelected to the Twenty-first Congress, and served from March 4, 1829, until February 21, 1831, when he resigned; circuit judge; died in Greene, N. Y., in 1860. Money, Hernando De Soto, a Representative and a Senator from Mississippi; born in Holmes county, Miss., August 26, 1839; was graduated from the University of Mississippi in Oxford; served in the Confederate army until forced to resign September 26, 1864, on account of defective eyesight; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Carrollton, Miss., and also engaged in planting; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1885); reelected to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); elected to the United States Senate for the term commencing March 4, 1899; and during the interim was appointed and subse- quently elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Z. George; reelected in 1899 and 1905, and served from October 8, 1897, to March 3, 1911; located in Gulf- port, Miss.; died in Biloxi, Miss., September 18, 1912; interment in Gulfport, Miss. Monroe, James, a Representative from Ohio; born in Plainfield, Conn., July 18, 1821; attended the common schools and Plainfield academy; was graduated from Oberlin college in 1846," pur- sued a post graduate course in theology; pro- fessor in Oberlin college from 1849 until 1862; member of the state house of representatives of Ohio 1856-1859; member of the Ohio senate 1860- 1862; chosen president pro tempore in 1861 >and 1862; resigned his seat in the senate in October, 1862, to accept the position of United States consul to Rio de Janeiro, and served from 1863 to 1869, served for some months of 1869 as charge d'affaires ad interim; elected as a Republican to the Forty- Becond, Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1881); declined a renomination; professor in Ober- lin college 1883-1896; died in Oberlin, Ohio, July 6, 1898. Monroe, James, a Delegate and a Senator from Virginia; born in Westmoreland county, Va., April 28, 1758; pursued classical studies; attended 870 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. William and Mary college in 1776, and left to enter the Continental army in the Revolutionary war; appointed a lieutenant in the third Virginia regiment, and participated in numerous engage- memnts; severely wounded in the battle of Harlem Heights; volunteer aide with rank of major; mili- tary commissioner for Virginia in 1780, with rank of lieutenant colonel, and visited the southern army under General DeKalb; member of the state assembly in 1782; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1783-1786; resumed the study of law, was admitted to the bar, and engaged in practice in Fredericksburg, Va.; again member of the state assembly in 1786; delegate in the state convention to consider the Federal constitution in 1788; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Grayson; reelected, and served from November 9, 1790, until his resignation in 1794; appointed by President Wash- ington minister plenipotentiary to France May 27, 1794, and served from May 28, 1794, to December 30, 1796; governor of Virginia 1799-1802; appointed by President Jefferson minister extraordinary and plenipotentiary to France January 11, 1803, and served from January 12, 1803, to July 12, 1803; minister plenipotentiary to England November 11, 1803, and to Spain November 9, 1804; returned home in 1808; again elected member of state assem- bly; governor of Virginia in 1811 ; Secretary of State of the United States, November 25, 1811, to March 3, 1817; elected and reelected President of the United States, and served from March 4, 1817, to March 3, 1825; retired to his farm in Loudpun county, Va. ; member and president of the Virginia constitutional convention of 1829; moved to New York City in 1831, and died there July 4, 1831; final interment in Richmond, Va. 3 in 1858. Montgomery, Alexander Brooks, a Represent- ative from Kentucky; born in Hardin county, Ky., December 11, 1837; was graduated from Georgetown college, Ky., in 1859; studied law and was graduated from the Louisville law school in 1861; engaged in farming in Elizabeth town, Ky., 1861-1870; began the practice of law in 1874; elected county judge of Hardin county, Ky., in 1870, and served until 1874; elected to the Ken- tucky senate in 1877, and served until 1881; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty -second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1895); member of the Dawes Indian commission; farmer at Elizabeth town, Ky., where he died December 27, 1910. Montgomery, Daniel, jr., a Representative from Pennsylvania; elected to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809). Montgomery, John, a Representative from Maryland; born in Maryland; pursued classical studies; mayor of Baltimore; attorney general of Maryland ; elected as a Democrat to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1811). Montgomery, John G., a Representative from Pennsylvania; elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and served from March 4, 1857, until his death April 24, 1857. Montgomery, Joseph, a Delegate from Penn- sylvania; born in Paxtang, Dauphin county, Pa., September 23, 1733; pursued classical studies; was graduated from Princeton college in 1755; licensed to preach by the presbytery of Philadelphia in 1759, and ordained in 1761; held several pastorates 1761-1777; delegate in the general assembly of Pennsylvania 1780-1781; Delegate in the Conti- nental Congress 1783-1784; recorder of deeds and register of wills for Dauphin county 1785-1794; justice of the court of common pleas 1786-1794; died in Harrisburg, Pa., October 14, 1794. Montgomery, Thomas, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Nelson county, Va., previous to 1779; received a thorough English training; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Stanford, Ky.; judge of the circuit court of Lincoln county; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); again elected to the Sixteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Tunstall Quarles, jr., reelected to the Seventeenth Con- gress, and served from November 13, 1820, to March 3, 1823; died in Stanford, Ky., April 2, 1828. Montgomery, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Chester county, Pa., Aug- usts, 1736; served in Revolutionary War; delegate to provincial conventions of 1775 and 1776; ap- pointed deputy surveyor, April 18, 1785; associate judge of Northumberland county, 1801-1813; member of the first senate of Pennsylvania in 1790; elected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795); died in Danville, Pa., May 1, 1816. Montgomery, William, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Guilford county, N. C., December 29, 1789; studied medicine and practiced in Albrights, Orange county, N. C.; member of the state senate 1824-1827, and 1829-1834; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1841); declined a renomination; died in Albrights, N. C., November 30, 1843. Montgomery, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Canton township, Pa., April 11, 1818; pursued classical studies, and was grad- uated from Washington college in 1839; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1841, and com- menced practice in Washington, Pa.; appointed district attorney in 1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); died in Washington, Pa., April 28. 1870. Moody, Gideon Curtis, a Senator from South Dakota; born in Cortland, N. Y., October 16, 1832; attended the common schools and pursued an aca- demic course; studied law in Syracuse, N. Y.; moved to Indiana in 1852, and was admitted to the bar in 1853; appointed prosecuting attorney for Floyd county in 1854; member of the house of rep- resentatives of Indiana in 1861; in April, 1861, entered the Union army as captain in the ninth Indiana volunteer Infantry; served therein as cap- tain, lieutenant colonel, and colonel; appointed in August, 1861, captain in the nineteenth United States infantry and served until his resignation in March, 1864; moved to Dakota in May, 1864; mem- ber of the house of representatives of Dakota Terri- tory, 1867-1869, and in 1874; served as speaker of the house 1868-1869, and in 1874; appointed asso- ciate justice of the supreme court of Dakota Terri- tory in September, 1878, and served until April 1, 1883; was delegate in the Republican national con- ventions of 1868 and 1888; member of the constitu- tional conventions of South Dakota in 1883 and 1885; elected to the United States Senate and served from November 2, 1889, to March 3, 1891; died in Los Angeles, Cal., March 17, 1904. BIOGRAPHIES. 871 Moody, James Montraville, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Cherokee (now Gra- ham) county, N. C., February 12, 1858; moved with his parents to Hay wood county; attended the com- mon schools and Waynesville academy, also Cand- ler college, in Buncombe county, N. C.; studied law in Waynesville, and was admitted to the bar in January, 1881; elected prosecuting attorney of the twelfth judicial district of North Carolina in 1886, and served four years; elected to the state senate for two years in 1894; served in the Spanish- American war as major and chief commissary of United States volunteers on the staff of Maj . Gen. J. Warren Keifer; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Congress and served from March 4, 1901, until his death in Waynesville, N. C., Feb- ruary 5, 1903. Moody, Malcolm Adalbert, a Representative from Oregon; born in Brownsville, Linn county, Oreg., November 30, 1854; attended the public schools and the university of California; entered mercantile business in The Dalles, Oreg.; cashier of The Dalles National bank; member of the city council of The Dalles, 1885-1889; mayor in 1889, and served two terms; member of the Republican state central and congressional committees 1888- 1898; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903); resumed business in The Dalles, Oreg. Moody, William Henry, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Newbury, Mass., December 23, 1853; was graduated from Phillips academy, Andover, Mass., in 1872, and from Harvard uni- versity in 1876; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1878, and practiced in Haverhill, Mass.; city solicitor 1888-1890; district attorney for the eastern district of Massachusetts, 1890 to 1895; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Cogswell, reelected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty- seventh Congresses, and served from December 2, 1895, until his resignation May 1, 1902; Secretary of the Navy of the United States in the cabinet of President Roosevelt from May 1, 1902, until July 1, 1904; Attorney General of the United States July 1, 1904, to December 12, 1906; appointed by Presi- dent Roosevelt associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States December 3, 1906, and served from December 16, 1906, until his retirement by special act of Congress approved June 23, 1910. Moon, John Austin, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Albemarle county, Va., April 22, 1855; moved with his parents in 1857 to Bristol, Va., and then to Chattanooga, Tenn.; attended King college, Tennessee; studied law, and was ad- mitted to the bar in March, 1874; elected city attorney of Chattanooga 1881-1882; member of the state Democratic executive committee in 1888; commissioned in May, 1889, as special circuit judge and twice reappointed, and held the office until January 3, 1891; appointed regular judge for the fourth circuit, and served until August, 1892; elected circuit judge in 1892; reelected in 1894 for a term of eight years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty- eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911); delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1900. Re- elected to the Sixty-second Congress. Moon, John W., a Representative from Michi- gan; born in Wayne county, Mich., January 18, 1836; attended the common schools; moved to northern Michigan in 1854, and engaged in lumber- ing; held the offices of supervisor, township treas- urer, and president of village; located in Muske- gon, Mich., and engaged in the manufacture of lumber, and in banking; elected to the state senate in 1884 and reelected in 1886; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1895); died in Muskegon, Mich., April 5, 1898. Moon, Reuben O., a Representative from Pennsylvania; attended the common schools; was graduated from college in 1874; professor in the National school of oratory, Philadelphia; engaged in lecturing; studied law and was admitted to practice in 1884; one of the founders and president of the Columbia club ; a member of the Lawyers' club and of the Historical society of Pennsylvania; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Robert H. Foerderer; reelected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from Novem- ber 9, 1903, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Moor, Wyman Bradbury Seavy, a Senator from Maine; born in Waterville, Me., November 3, 1814; pursued classical studies, and was grad- uated from Waterville college; studied law in Cambridge, was admitted to the bar in 1834, and practiced in Bangor and Waterville, Me.; member of the state house of representatives in 1839 ; state attorney general of Maine 1844-1848 ; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Fairfield, and served from Janu- ary 5, 1848, to May 26, 1848; appointed by Presi- dent Buchanan consul general for British America and served 1857-1861; died in Lynchburg, Va., February 16, 1869. Moore, Andrew, a Representative and a Senator from Virginia; born in Canniscelle, Augusta county, Va., 1752; pursued an academic course; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1774; served in the Revolutionary war; lieutenant under General Gates at the battle of Saratoga, and present at the surrender of Burgoyne; resigned in 1779 with the rank of captain, and was commissioned briga- dier general of Virginia militia, and major general in 1808; member 01 state legislature 1781-1789, and of the Virginia convention that ratified the Federal constitution in 1788; elected to the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1789- March 3, 1797); successfully contested the election of Thomas Lewis to the Eighth Congress, and served from March 5, 1804, to November 6, 1804, when he was appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Gary Nicholas, and served from August 11, 1804, to December 4, 1804; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Abraham B. Venable, and served from December 4, 1804, to March 3, 1809; died near Lexington, Va., May 14, 1821. Moore, Eliakim Hastings, a Representative from Ohio; born in Worcester county, Mass., June 19, 1812; moved to Athens county, Ohio, in 1817; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Yale in 1835; taught mathematics in univer- sities; county surveyor 1836-1846, and auditor 1846-1860; collector of internal revenue 1862-1866; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); died in Athens, Ohio, April 4, 1900. 872 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Moore, Ely, a Representative from New York; born in Sussex county, N. J., July 4, 1798; attended the public schools; became a printer, and edited a labor paper in New York City; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839; surveyor of the port of New York City 1839-1845; refused appointment as minister to England and was ap- pointed Indian agent; register of the United States land office in Kansas; died in Lecompton, Kans., January 27, 1861. Moore, Gabriel, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Alabama; born in Stokes county, N. C., about 1790; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Huntsville, Ala.; member of the state convention of 1819; elected to the Seventeenth Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1829); governor of Ala- bama 1829-1831; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1831, to March 3, 1837; unsuccessful candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress in 1836; removed to Caddo, Texas, in 1843, and died there June 9, 1844. Moore, Henry D., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Goshen, N. Y., April 13, 1817; moved to New York City in 1828; attended the public schools; engaged in the tailoring business; moved to Philadelphia and engaged in the mahog- any and marble business; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853); state treasurer for several years; died in Philadelphia, Pa., August 11, 1887. Moore, Herman Allen, a Representative from Ohio; born in Plainfield, Vt., August 27, 1909; pursued an academic course; studied law in Rochester, N. Y., was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Columbus, Ohio; state ad- jutant general; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress, and served from March 4, 1843, until his death in Columbus, Ohio, April 3, 1844. Moore, Horace Ladd, a Representative from Kansas; born in Mantua, Portage county, Ohio, February 25, 1837; attended the common schools and the Western Reserve eclectic institute, Hiram, Ohio; moved to Kansas in 1858; enlisted in the Union army; in the second Kansas infantry, May 14, 1861, and served continuously until June 30, 1865, when he was mustered out of the service as lieutenant colonel of the fourth Arkansas cav- alry; commanded the eighteenth and nineteenth regiments of Kansas cavalry; served against the Indians on the plains 1867 and 1868; engaged in mercantile pursuits, except for two years when he was treasurer of Douglas county, Kans. ; as a Demo- crat successfully contested the election of Edward H. Funston to the Fifty-third Congress, and served from August 2, 1894, until March 3, 1895; 'vice president of a national bank in Lawrence, Kas. Moore, J. Hampton, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Woodbury, N. J., March 8, 1864; attended the common schools; student in Philadelphia 1877 to 1880; a reporter in the courts and on the Public Ledger in Philadelphia 1881- 1894; chief clerk to city treasurer, Philadelphia, 1894-1897; secretary to the mayor in 1900; city treasurer 1901-1903; appointed by President Roosevelt the first chief of the Bureau of Manu- factures, Department of Commerce and Labor, January, 1905; president of the Allied Republican clubs of Philadelphia, 1900-1906; president of the Pennsylvania state league of republican clubs in 1900, and reelected in 1901; elected president of the republican national league, in Chicago, in 1902, and reelected in Indianapolis in 1804; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Gaorge A. Castor; reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from December 3, 1906, to March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Con- Moore, Jesse Hale, a Representative from Illi- nois; born near Lebanon, 111., April 22, 1817; was graduated from McKendree college in 1842; taught school; studied law and was admitted to the bar; ordained a Methodist minister in 1849; served in the Civil war; colonel of the one hundred and fifteenth Illinois infantry September 13, 1862; brevet brigadier general of volunteers May 15, 1865, "for meritorious services;" honorably mus- tered out June 11, 1865; presiding elder of the Decatur district, Illinois conference, in 1868; located in Decatur, III.; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); appointed by President Arthur United States consul at Callao, Peru, October 27, 1881, and served until his death there July 11, 1883. Moore, John, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Berkeley county, Va., in 1788; pursued an academic course; moved to Franklin, La.; member of the state house of representatives 1825-1834; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Rice Garland; reelected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, and served from December 17, 1840, to March 3, 1843; moved to New Iberia, La.; reelected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); Whig presidential elector in 1848; delegate in the state secession convention of 1861; died in Franklin, La., June 17, 1867. Moore, John Matthew, a Representative from Texas; born in Richmond, Fort Bend county, Tex., November 18, 1862; attended the common schools of Richmond and the Agricultural and mechanical college in Bryan, Tex.; engaged in mercantile business, banking, stock raising, and farming; member of the state legislature in 1896; declined a renomination; delegate in the Demo- cratic national convention in Kansas City in 1900; elected aa a Democrat to the Fifty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John M. Pinckney; reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from December 4, 1905, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Moore, Laban T., a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Cabell county, Va., January 13, 1829 j attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Louisa, Ky.; elected as a National American to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861). Moore, Littleton Wilde, a Representative from Texas; born in Alabama, March 25, 1835; moved with his parents to Mississippi; was graduated from the state university in 1855; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Texas in 1857 and began practice in Bastrop; served in the Confed- erate army; elected to the constitutional conven- tion of Texas in 1875; elected district judge in 1876 BIOGRAPHIES. 873 and remained upon the bench until 1885 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty- second Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1893); appointed judge of the twenty-second judicial dis- trict in 1901 and served until his death in La Grange, Tex., October 29, 1911. Moore, Nicholas Ruxton, a Representative from Maryland; native of Baltimore, Md.; at- tended public schools; served in the Revolutionary war, and was commissioned lieutenant colonel February 13, 1812; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1811); reelected to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); died in Baltimore, Md., October 7, 1816. Moore, Orren Cheney, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in New Hampton, N. H., August 10, 1839; attended the public schools; learned the trade of a printer and became a jour- nalist; established the Nashua Daily Telegraph in 1869; served six terms in the lower branch of the legislature and one term in the upper branch; member of the state tax commission; chairman of the state railroad commission for three years; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); died in Nashua, N. H., May 12,1893. Moore, Oscar F., a Representative from Ohio; native of that state; attended public schools; lo- cated in Portsmouth, Ohio; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-fifth Congress. Moore, Robert, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; native of Washington county, Pa.; pur- sued an academic course; elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821). Moore, Samuel, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Deerfield, N. J., February 8, 1774; pursued an academic course, and was gradu- ated from the university of Pennsylvania in 1792; instructor in the university 1792-1794; studied medicine and practiced in Greenwich, N. J., and in Doylestown, Pa.; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel D. Ingham; reelected to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses, and served from November 16, 1818, until his resignation, May 20, 1822; director of the United States Mint in Phil- adelphia 1824-1835; engaged in coal mining and marketing; died in Doylestown, Pa., February 18, 1861. Moore, Samuel McDowell, a Representative from Virginia; born in Philadelphia, Pa., February 9, 1796; attended the public schools, and Washing- ton college; located in Lexington, Va.; member of Virginia constitutional conventions of 1829 and 1861; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Cong- gress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Twenty-fourth Con- gress; served in the Condeferate army; died in Lex- ington, Va., September 17, 1875. Moore, Sydenham, a Representative from Alabama; born in Rutherford county, Tenn., in 1817; pursued classical studies; attended University of Alabama 1833-1836; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Greensboro, Ala.; judge of Greene county court 1840-1846, and 1848-1850; and then of the circuit court in 1957; served in the Mexican war as captain in Colonel Coffey's regiment of Alabama infantry from June, 1846, to June, 1847; elected bridagier general of Alabama militia; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1857, to January 21, 1861, when he retired from the House on the secession of Ala- bama; served as colonel in the Confederate army in the eleventh Alabama regiment; died from wounds received in the battle of Seven Pines, Va May 31, 1862. Moore, Thomas, a Representative from South Carolina; elected to the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1813); reelected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817). Moore, Thomas L., a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Jefferson county, Va.; pursued an academic course; elected to the Sixteenth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George L. Strother; reelected to the Seventeenth Congress, and served from November 13, 1820, to March 3, 1823. Moore, Thomas Patrick, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Charlotte county, Va., in 1797; attended the public schools; moved with his parents to Harrodsburg, Ky.; attended Transyl- vania university; served in the W"ar of 1812; cap- tain in the twelfth Virginia infantry March 12, 1812; major eighteenth infantry September 20, 1813; honorably discharged June 15, 1815; elected as a Democrat to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1829); appointed by President Jackson minister plenipotentiary to the United States of Colombia March 13, 1829, and served until April 16, 1833; re- turned to Kentucky; presented credentials as Mem- ber-elect of the Twenty-third Congress, but the election was contested by Robert P. Letcher, and the House declared a new election necessary; ap- pointed lieutenant colonel of the third United States dragoons in the war with Mexico, and served from March 3, 1847, to July 31, 1848; delegate in the Kentucky constitutional convention of 1849-1850; died in Harrodsburg, Ky., July 21, 1853. Moore, William, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Norristown, Montgomery county, Pa., December 25, 1810; attended the public- schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; interested in mercantile pursuits and iron works; judge of the court of common pleas for Atlantic county from 1855 to 1865; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); died in Mays Landing, N. J., April 26, 1878. Moore, William Robert, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Huntsville, Ala., March 28, 1830; moved with his mother to Beech Grove, Tenn.; attended district schools, and became a clerk, and later proprietor of a dry-goods store; en- gaged in the wholesale dry good business in New York City 1856-1859, and in Memphis, Tenn., after 1859; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); renomin- ated, and refused to accept; unanimously presented as candidate for Vice President of the United States by delegates from Mississippi and Tennessee at the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1888, but withdrew his name; declined nomination for governor of Tennessee in 1890. 874 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. Moore, William S., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in West Bethlehem, Pa., No- vember 18, 1822; was graduated from Washington college in 1847 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; chosen prothonotary of Washington county in 1854; engaged in the newspaper business; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3,1875). Moorhead, James Kennedy, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Halifax, Pa., Septem- ber 7, 1806; attended the common schools; served an apprenticeship in the tanner's business, after which he became a canal contractor; superinten- dent and supervisor on the Junlata canal; pro- jected and established the first passenger packet line on the Pennsylvania canal in 1835; appointed adjutant general of Pennsylvania in 1838; con- structed the Monongahela navigation canal, and was president of the company twenty-one years; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty- seventh, Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 4, 1869); delegate in the Republican national convention in 1868; died in Pittsburgh, Pa., March 6, 1884. Morehead, Charles Slaughter, a Representa- tive from Kentucky; born in Nelson county, Ky. July 7, 1802; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Frankfort, Ky.; member of the state house of representatives 1828 and 1829; attorney general of Kentucky 1830-1835; again a member of the state house of representatives 1838-1842, and 1844, and served the last three years as speaker of the house; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); again a member of the state legislature in 1853; governor of Kentucky in 1855; delegate from Kentucky to the peace convention held in Wash- ington, D. C., in 1861; died in Greenville, Miss., December 21, 1868. Morehead, James Turner, a Senator from Kentucky; born near Shepherdsville, Bullitt county, Ky., May 24, 1797; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1818, and commenced practice in Bowling Green, Ky.; member of the state house of representatives 1827- 1830; elected lieutenant governor of Kentucky in 1832, and after the death of Governor Breathitt be- came governor 1834-1836; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1837; president of the state board of internal improvements 1838- 1841 ; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1841, to March 3, 1847 ; re- turned toCovington, Ky., and resumed the practice of law until his death, December 28, 1854. Morehead, James T., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Greensboro, N. C.; at- tended the public schools; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853). Morehead, John Motley, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Charlotte, Mecklen- burg county, N. C., July 20, 1866; attended the common schools of Charlotte, the Bingham military school of North Carolina, and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1886; also com- Eleted a business course in Bryant & Stratton col- jge, Baltimore; collecting teller of the Charlotte national bank, of Charlotte, N. C.; interested in manufacturing and farming: elected as a Republi- can to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909- March 3, 1911). Morey, Frank, a Representative from Louisi- ana; born in Boston, Mass., July 11, 1840; attended the pub lie schools; moved to Illinois in 1857 ; studied law; entered the Union army in 1861 in the thirty- third Illinois infantry, and served until the close of the war, principally on staff duty, with the rank of captain; settled in Louisiana in 1866 and engaged in cotton planting and the insurance business; mem- ber of the general assembly" of Louisiana in 1868 and 1869; appointed a commissioner to revise the stat- utes and codes of the state; commissioner to the Vienna exposition in 1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1875); pre- sented credentials as a member-elect to the Forty- fourth Congress, but the election was successfully contested by William B . Spencer, who took the seat June 8, 1876; moved to Washington, D. C., and died there September 22, 1890. Morey, Henry Lee, a Representative from Ohio; born in Butler county, Ohio, April 8, 1841; attended the common schools and Miami univer- sity; served in the Civil war, and was successively promoted to second lieutenant, first lieutenant, and captain; studied law, and was graduated from the Indianapolis law school in 1867; was admitted to the bar and practiced in Hamilton, Ohio; elected city solicitor of Hamilton in January, 1871; re- elected for the full term of two years; elected pros- ecuting attorney for Butler county, Ohio, in 1873; unsuccessful candidate for election to the state senate in 1875; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); presented credentials as a member-elect to the Forty-eighth Congress, but the election was successfully contested by James E. Campbell, who took the seat June 20, 1884; reelected to the Fifty- first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); re- sumed the practice of law until his death in Day- ton, Ohio, December 30, 1902. Morgan, Charles Henry, a Representative from Missouri; born in Cuba, Allegany county, N. Y., July 5, 1842; moved with his parents to Wisconsin; attended the common schools and the Fond du Lac high school; served in the Union army four years and three months as a private, non- commissioned officer, second and first lieutenant, and captain in the First and Twenty-first Wiscon- sin infantry; was graduated from the Albany, N Y., law school, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Lamar, Mo.; prosecuting attor- ney of Barton county, Mo., four years; member of the Missouri legislature 1872-1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); reelected to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885) ; delegate in the Democratic national conven- tion in Cincinnati in 1880; Democratic elector at large in 1888; reelected to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); served in the war with Spain as lieutenant colonel of the fifth Mis- souri volunteer infantry; reelected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Sixty-second Congress; died in Joplin, Mo., Jan- uary 4, 1912. Morgan, Christopher, a Representative from New York; born in Aurora, N. Y., June 4, 1808; pur- sued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale college in 1830; studied law, was admitted to the BIOGRAPHIES. 875 bar, and commenced practice in Aurora, N. Y.; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); moved to Auburn in 1843; secretary of state of New York four years; superintendent of the New York public schools 1848-1852; mayor of Auburn in 1860; trustee of state lunatic asylum in Utica, N. Y.; died in Auburn, N. Y., April 3, 1877. Morgan, Daniel, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Hunterdon county, N. J., in 1736; moved to Virginia; commissioned captain of a com- pany of Virginia riflemen in July, 1775; taken pris- oner at Quebec December 31, 1775; colonel of the eleventh Virginia regiment November 12, 1776; regiment designated the seventh Virginia Septem- ber 14, 1778; brigadier general in the Continental army October 30, 1780; given thanks of Congress and a gold medal (resolution of March 9, 1781) "for fortitude and good conduct of himself, and officers and men under his command, in the action at the Cowpens, S. C., January 17, 1781;" served to the close of the war, and then retired to his estate known as "Saratoga," near Winchester, Va.; com- manded the Virginia militia ordered out by Presi- dent Washington in 1794 to suppress the whisky insurrection in Pennsylvania; presented creden- tials as a member-elect to the Fifth Congress as a Federalist, and the election was unsuccessfully con- tested by Robert Rutherford; served from March 4, 1797, until March 3, 1799; declined reelection on account of ill health; died in Winchester, Va., July 6, 1802. Morgan, Dick Thompson, a Representative from Oklahoma ; born in Prairie Creek, Vigo county, Ind., December 6, 1853; attended country schools, and was graduated from the Prairie Creek high school in 1872, and from Union Christian college, Merom, Ind., in 1876; was professor of mathematics in Union Christian college; in 1880 was graduated from the Central law school of Indianapolis, Ind.; member of the lower house of the Indiana legisla ture 1880-1881; appointed register of the United States land office in Woodward, Okla., by Presi- dent Roosevelt in 1904, and served until May 1, 1908; was elected to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Morgan, Edwin Barbour, a Representative from New York; born in Aurora, N. Y., May 2, 1806; attended the common schools; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859); interested in the New York Times; trustee of Auburn Theological seminary 1870-1881 ; charter trustee of Wells college 1868-1881, and president of the board 1878-1881; trustee of Cornell university 1865-1874; died in Aurora, N. Y., October 13, 1881; interment in Hartford, Conn. Morgan, Edwin Dennison, a Senator from New York; born in Washington, Mass., February 8, 1811; attended the public schools, and Bacon academy, Colchester, Conn. ; engaged in the grocery business in Hartford, Conn., and afterwards in New York City; member of the city council of Hartford in 1832; moved to New York City ; alderman of New York City in 1849; member of the state senate 1850-1853; state commissioner of immigration 1855- 1858; vice president of the Republican national convention of 1856; chairman of Republican na- tional committee 1856-1864; chairman of Union congressional committee in 1864; governor of New York 1859-1862; major-general of volunteers in the Union army from September 28, 1861, to January 1, 1863; elected as a Union Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1863, to March 3, 1869; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the United States Senate in 1875; unsuccessful candidate for governor in 1876; de- clined the office of Secretary of the Treasury in 1881; died in New York City, February 14, 1883. Morgan, George Washington, a Represent- ative from Ohio; born in Washington, Pa., Sep- tember 20, 1820; entered Washington college, Pa.; left in 1836; enlisted in a company commanded by his brother and assisted Texas in gaining her inde- pendence; rose to the rank of captain; returned to the United States; was a cadet in the United States military academy July 1, 1841-June 27, 1843; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Mount Vernon, Ohio, in 1843; served in the Mexican war; colonel of the second Ohio infantry June 23, 1846; colonel of infantry March 3, 1847, and of fifteenth United States infan- try April 9, 1847; brevet brigadier general August 20, 1847, "for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battles of Contreras and Churubusco, Mex.;" honorably discharged August 7, 1848; appointed consul at Marseilles in 1855; appointed minister resident at Lisbon, Spain, in 1858; served in the Civil war; commissioned brigadier-general of vol- unteers November 12, 1861, and had command of the seventh division of the army of the Ohio; with General Sherman at Vicksburg; assigned to the thirteenth army corps; in command at the taking of Fort Hindman, Ark.; resigned June 8, 1863, on account of ill health; unsuccessful candidate for election as governor of Ohio in 1865; presented credentials as a Democrat member-elect to the Fortieth Congress, but the election was success- fully contested by Columbus Delano served from March 4, 1867, to June 3, 1868; elected to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Forty- third Congress; delegate in the Democratic national convention in St. Louis in 1876; died in Fort Monroe, Va., July 26, 1893. Morgan, James, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Amboy, N. J., December 29, 1756; attended the public schools; served as an officer in the New Jersey line during the Revolutionary war; representative in the general assembly in Philadelphia, Pa., 1794-1799; elected as a Feder- alist to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); became major-general of militia; died in South Amboy, N. J., November 14, 1822; inter- ment in Morgan, N. J. Morgan, James Bright, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Lincoln county, Tenn., March 14, 1835; moved with his parents to De Soto county, Miss., in 1840; attended the common schools; studied law in Hernando, and was admitted to the bar in 1857; elected judge of probate before the war; resigned and enlisted in the Confederate army; elected captain, and in the organization of the twenty-ninth Mississippi infantry elected major; promoted lieutenant-colonel and colonel; at the close of the war again elected judge; member of the state senate of Mississippi 1876-1878; ap- pointed, in October, 1878, chancellor of the third chancery district, and served four years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty- first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); died in Hernando, Miss., June 18, 1892, 876 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. Morgan, John Jordan, a Representative from New York; born in Queens county, N. Y., in 1769; attended the public schools; member of the state house of representatives in 1819; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1825); reelected to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Cornelius W. Lawrence, and served from December 1, 1834, to March 3, 1835; again a member of the state house of representa- tives in 1836, and 1840; died in Port Chester, N. Y., July 29, 1849. Morgan, John Tyler, a Senator from Alabama; born in Athens, McMinn county, Tenn., June 20, 1824; pursued an academic course; moved with his parents to Alabama in 1833, and located in Calhoun county; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1845, and practiced in Taladega, Ala., 1845-1855; moved to Dallas county, Ala., in 1855, and prac- ticed law in Selma and Cahaba; presidential elec- tor on the Breckenridge ticket in 1860; delegate in 1861 from Dallas county in the state convention which passed the ordinance of secession; joined the Confederate army in May, 1861, as a private in Company I, Cahaba rifles, and when that com- pany was assigned to the fifth Alabama regiment, under Col. Robert E. Rhodes, was elected major and lieutenant colonel of that regiment; commis- sioned in 1862 as colonel, and raised the fifty-first Alabama cavalry; appointed brigadier general in 1863 and assigned to a brigade in Virginia, but re- signed to join his regiment, whose colonel had been killed in battle; later in 1863 again appointed brig- adier general and assigned to an Alabama brigade which included his regiment; after the war resumed the practice of law in Selma, Ala., Democratic presidential elector on the Tilden-Hendricks ticket in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate March 5, 1877; reelected in 1882, 1888, 1894, 1900, and 1906, and served from March 4, 1877, un- til his death in Washington, D. C., June 11, 1907; interment in Selma, Ala. Morgan, Stephen, a Representative from Ohio; born in Jackson county, Ohio, January 25, 1854; attended the common schools of Worthington and Lebanon, Ohio; taught in the public schools of Jackson county for a number of years; school examiner for nine years, and principal of Oak Hill academy for fifteen years; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1905). Morgan, William S., a Representative from Virginia; born in Monongalia county, Va., Sep- tember 7, 1801; attended the public schools; engaged in farming at White Day, Va. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835 T March 3, 1839); clerk of the House of Representatives in 1840; declined a renomination for the Twenty-sixth Congress; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1840-1841; Democratic presidential elector on the Folk-Dallas ticket in 1844; a natxiralist in the employ of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., until shortly before his death in 1876. Morphia, Joseph Lewis, a Representative from Mississippi; born in McNairy county, Tenn., April 17, 1831 ; pursued elementary studies, and be- came a planter; member of the state legislature of Tennessee in 1859; entered the Confederate army as captain in August, 1861, and served until the close of the war; moved his family to Pontptoc, Miss., in 1863; member of the state constitutional convention of Mississippi in 1865; member of the state legislature 1866-1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses, and served from February 28, 1870, to March 3, 1873; appointed by President Hayes United States mar- shal of the northern district of Mississippi, and served 1877-1885; licensed as an Indian trader on the Osage reservation in 1890. Morrell, Daniel Johnson, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in North Berwick, Me August 8, 1821; attended the public schools; moved to Philadelphia, Pa., in 1836;' entered a counting room as clerk, and became a merchant; moved in 1855 to Johnstown, Pa., and engaged in the manufacture of iron and steel; held several local offices; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); unsuccessful Republican candidate for re- election to the Forty-second Congress; commissioner to the Paris exposition of 1878; died in Johnstown, Pa., August 20, 1885. Morrell, Edward de Veaux, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Newport, R. I., Au- gust 7, 1863; was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1885; elected to the select council of Philadelphia in 1891, and served three years; ac- tive in the national guard of Pennsylvania; colonel of the Third regiment, and afterwards commis- sioned brigadier general, and commanded the first brigade; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alfred C. Harmer; reelected to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth Congresses, and served from December 3, 1900, to March 3, 1905; a resident of Torresdale, Pa. Morrill, David Lawrence, a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Epping, N. H., June 10, 1772; pursued an academic course; studied medicine, and practiced in Epsom, N. H., 1793-1800; moved to Goffstown and practiced 1811-1831; studied the- ology, and was pastor of the Congregational church in Goffstown 1802-1811; member of the state gen- eral court 1808-1817, and served as speaker in 1816; elected as an Adams Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1817, to March 3, 1823; member and president of the state senate 1823-1824; governor of New Hampshire 1824-1827; moved in 1831 to Concord; edited the New Hamp- shire Observer 1831-1833; died in Concord, N. H., January 28, 1849. Morrill, Anson Peaslee, a Representative from Maine; born in Belgrade, Me., June 10, 1803; attended the public schools; postmaster, and held other local offices; engaged in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits in 1824; moved to Madison, and then to Readfield, N. H., in 1844; member of the state house of representatives in 1833; sheriff of Somerset county in 1839; governor of Maine in 1855; delegate in the Republican national conven- tion of 1856; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); moved to Augusta, Me., in 1879; member of the state house of representatives in 1880; president of the Maine Central railroad 1871-1887; died in Au- gusta, Me., July 4, 1887. Morrill, Edmund Needham, a Representative from Kansas; born in Westbrook, Cumberland county, Me., February 12, 1834; attended West- brook academy, and was superintendent of the Westbrook schools 1856-1857; moved to Kansas; member of the territorial legislature of Kansas in BIOGRAPHIES. 877 1857-1858; enlisted in the Union army October 5, 1861, and served in the seventh Kansas cavalry; promoted to sergeant October 10, 1861; appointed commissary of subsistence in August, 1862; muster- tered out as major in October, 1865; clerk of the dis- trict court of Brown county, Kans., 1866-1868; county clerk in 1868, 1869, and 1871 ; member of the Kansas senate in 1872-1874, and 1876-1880, and served as president pro tempore in 1877; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1883- March 3, 1891); manager of the soldiers' home in 1890; governor of Kansas, 1895-1897; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; died in Hiawatha, Kans., March 14, 1909. Morrill, Justin Smith, a Representative and a Senator from Vermont; born in Strafford, Vt., April 14, 1810; attended the common schools, and Thetford and Randolph academies; a merchant's clerk in Strafford 1825-1828, and in Portland, Me., 1828-1831; merchant in Strafford 1831-1855, and devoted to agriculture and horticulture 1848-1855; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty- fifth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1867); author of the tariff act of 1861, and of the land-grant bill, which passed both houses and was vetoed by President Buchanan but which became a law in 1862; elected as a Union Republican to the United States Senate; reelected in 1872, 1878, 1884, 1890, and 1896, and served from March 4, 1867, until his death; was regent of the Smithsonian Institution for several years from 1880; trustee of the University of Vermont 1865-1898; died in Washington, D. C., December 28, Morrill, Lot Myrick, a Senator from Maine; born in Belgrade, Me., May 3, 1813; attended district schools and Waterville college, Maine; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1837, and commenced practice in Readfield ; moved to Au- gusta in 1841; member of the state senate in 1854 and 1856, and presided over the senate the last year; governor of Maine, 1858-1860; elected as a Republi- can to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Hannibal Hamlin; re- elected in 1863, and served from January 9, 1861, to March 3, 1869; resumed the practice of law in Au- gusta; appointed in December, 1869, and subse- quently elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Pitt Fes- senden; reelected in 1871, and served from October 30, 1869, until his resignation July 7, 1876; Secre- tary of the Treasury of the United States in the cabinets of Presidents Grant and Hayes from July 7, 1876, to March 8, 1877; appointed by President Hayes collector of customs in Portland, Me., March 13, 1877; died in Augusta, Me., January 10, 1883. Morrill, Samuel Plummer, a Representative from Maine; born in Chesterville, Franklin county, Me., February 11, 1816; pursued an academic course; studied theology and ordained a minister, and held pastorates in Maine; elected in 1857, for five years, register of deeds for Franklin county, and reelected to the same office in 1867; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); died in Chesterville, Me , August 4, 1892. Morris, Calvary, a Representative from Ohio, born in Charleston, Kanawha county, Va. (now West Virginia), January 15, 1798; attended the public schools; moved to Ohio in 1819, and located in Athens; sheriff of Athens county 1823-1827; member of the state house of representatives 1827- 1829; member of the state senate 1829-1835; again member of the state house of representatives 1835- 1836; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843); removed to Cin- cinnati, Ohio, in 1854; returned to Athens and in 1854 was elected probate judge of Athens county; died in Athens, Ohio, October 13, 1871. Morris, Charles, a Delegate from Pennsylvania; eat in the Continental Congress 1783-1784. Morris, Daniel, a Representative from New York; born in Fayette, Seneca county, N. Y., Jan- uary 4, 1812; attended the public schools, and the Canandaigua academy, in Ontario county, N. Y.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1845, and began practice in Penn Yan, N. Y.; district attor- ney of Yates county, N. Y., 1847-1850; member of the state house of representatives in 1859; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867); died in Penn Yan, N. Y., April 22, 1889. Morris, Edward Joy, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., July 16, 1815; attended the University of Pennsylvania; was graduated from Harvard college in 1836; waa admitted to the bar, and practiced in Philadelphia; member of the state house of representatives 1841- 1843; elected as a Whig to the Twenty -eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); charge 1 d'affaires to Naples January 20, 1850, to August 26, 1853; again member of the state house of represent- atives in 1856; reelected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); appointed minister resident to Turkey June 8, 1861, and served until October 25, 1870; died in Philadelphia, Pa., December 31, 1881. Morris, Gouverneur, a Delegate and a Senator from New York; born in Morrisania, N. Y., January 31, 1752; was graduated from Kings college, New York, in 1768; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1771, and . commenced practice in New York City; delegate in the New York provincial congress in 1775; Delegate in the Continental Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of his father, Lewis Morris, 1777-1780; appointed assistant min- ister of finance in 1781, and served four years; member of the convention that framed the Con- stitution of the United States in 1787; minister plenipotentiary to France January 12, 1792, until August 15, 1794; returned to the United States in 1798; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Philip Schuyler, and served from April 3, 1800, to March 3, 1803 ; returned to New York City ; chair- man of the Erie canal commission 1810-1813; died in Morrisania, N. Y., November 6, 1816. Morris, Isaac Newton, a Representative from Illinois; born in Bethel, Ohio, January 22, 1812; attended Miami university, Ohio; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1835, and commenced prac- tice in Quincy, 111., in 1836; appointed as secretary of state of Illinois in 1840, but declined; president of the Illinois and Michigan canal company in 1 841 ; member of the state house of representatives 1846-1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857- March 3, 1861); appointed by President Grant com- missioner for the Union Pacific railroad in 1869; died in Quincy, 111., October 29, 1879. 878 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Morris, James Remley, a Representative from Ohio; born in Waynesburg, Greene county, Pa., January 10, 1820; attended the public schools; moved with his parents to Ohio; member of the state house of representatives in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1865); unsuc- cessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-ninth Congress; died in Woodsfield, Allegheny county, Pa., December 24, 1899. Morris, Jonathan David, a Representative from Ohio; born in Columbia, Hamilton county, Ohio, October 8, 1804; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Batavia, Ohio; for twenty years clerk of the courts of Clermont county; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); died in Con- nersville, Ind., May 16, 1875. Morris, Joseph, a Representative from Ohio; born in Greene county, Pa., October 16, 1795; attended the public schools; sheriff of Greene county in 1824; moved to Woodsfield, Ohio, in 1829, and engaged in mercantile pursuits; member of the state house of representatives 1833-1834; treasurer of Monroe county ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); died i: " Ohio, October 23, 1854. in Woodsfield, Morris, Lewis, a Delegate from New York; born in Morrisania, N. Y., April 8, 1726; entered Yale college with the class of 1746; devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; served in the Revolutionary war; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1775- 1777; signer of the Declaration of Independence; member of the state assembly; held the commis- sion of major general of militia; died in Morrisania, N. Y., January 22, 1798. Morris, Lewis R., a Representative from Ver- mont; bom in Scarsdale, N. Y., November 2, 1760; attended the public schools; moved to Springfield, Vt., in 1786; member of the convention to ratify the Federal Constitution; member of the general assem- bly in 1795-1796, and 1803-1808; secretary of the constitutional convention in Windsor in 1793; elected as a Federalist to the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1803); died in Springfield, Vt., December 29, 1825. Morris, Mathias, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Hilltown, Pa., in 1785; attended the public schools ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fourth and Twenty -fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1839); unsuccessful candidate for reelec- tion to the Twenty-sixth Congress; died in Doyles- town, Pa., November 9, 1839. Morris, Robert Page Waller, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Lynchburg, Va., June 30, 1853; attended a private school and William and Mary college; was graduated from the Virginia mili- tary institute in 1872; assistant professor of mathe- matics 1872-1873; professor of mathematics in the Texas military institute in 1873, and moved to Austin, Tex.; professor of applied mathematics in the Agricultural and Mechanical college of Texas in 1876; located near Bryan, Tex. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Lynchburg, Va., in 1880; unsuccessful candidate for election to the Forty -ninth Congress; moved to Duluth, Minn., in 1886; in February, 1889, elected municipal judge of Duluth; in March, 1894, elected city attorney of Duluth ; in August, 1895, appointed district judge of the eleventh judicial district of Minnesota; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); declined a nomi- nation for the Fifty-eighth Congress; appointed United States district judge in Minnesota, and a resident in Duluth, Minn. Morris, Robert, a Delegate and a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Liverpool, England, Janu- ary 20, 1734; came to Oxford, Md., in 1747 ; attended the public schools; became a merchant in Phila- delphia in 1748; signed the nonimportation agree- ment of 1765; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1776-1778; signer of the Declaration of Independ- ence; located upon the Manheim estate; represent- ative in the state assembly 1778-1779, and 1780; superintendent of finance 1781-1784; established the Bank of North America; member of Penn- sylvania legislature in 1785-1787; Delegate in the Constitutional Convention of 1787; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1795; declined position of Secre- tary of the Treasury under President Washington; became financially involved by unsuccessful land speculations, which caused him to be imprisoned for debt from February 16, 1798, to August 26, 1801; died in Philadelphia, Pa., May 8, 1806. Morris, Samuel Wells, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Septem- ber 1, 1786; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice in Wellsboro, Tiogo county, Pa.; judge of the district court; first treasurer of Wellsboro county; Eostmaster for many years; member of the state ouse of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); died in Wellsboro, Pa., May 25, 1847. Morris, Thomas, a Senator from Ohio; born in Berks county, Pa., January 3, 1776; attended the public schools; enlisted as a ranger and fought against the Indians in 1792; moved to Columbia, Ohio (now a part of Cincinnati), in 1795, and clerked in a store; moved to Williamsburg, Ohio, in 1800; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Bethel, Ohio, 1804; member of the state house of representatives from Cler- mont county 1806-1807; from Clermont and Cham- paign counties 1808-1809; from Clermont 1810- 1812, and 1820-1821; state senator 1813-1815, 1821- 1823, 1825-1829, and 1831-1833; judge of the state supreme court 1815-1820; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1833, to March 3, 1839; nominated for Vice President of the United States on the Liberty ticket with J. G. Birney in 1843; died in Bethel, Ohio, December 7, 1844. Morris, Thomas, a Representative from New York; born in Philadelphia, Pa., February 26, 1771; attended school in Geneva, Switzerland, 1781-1786, and the University of Leipsic 1786- 1788; returned to Philadelphia; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Canandaigua, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives 1794-1796; elected to the Seventh Congress (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1803); resumed the practice of law in New York City in 1803; elected United States marshal for the eastern dis- trict of New York, and served for many vears; died in New York City, March 12, 1849. BIOGRAPHIES. 879 Morrison, George Washington, a Represent- ative from New Hampshire; born in Fairlee, Vt., October 16, 1809; attended the public schools; moved to Manchester, N. H.; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Man- chester in 1836; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Wilson, and served from March 3, 1851, to March 3, 1853; unsuccessful candi- date for election to the Thirty-second Congress; elected to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); unsuccessful Democratic can- didate for election to the Thirty-fourth Congress; died in Manchester, N. H., December 21, " Morrison, James Lowery Donaldson, a Rep- resentative from Illinois; born in Kaskaskia, 111., April 12, 1816; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Belleville, 111.; served in the Mexican war as lieutenant colonel of Bis- sell's regiment of Illinois volunteers July 1, 1846, to July 1, 1847; member of the senate of Illinois in 1854; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Lyman Trumbull, before the beginning of the Congress, and served from December 1, 1856, to March 3, 1857; died in St. Louis, Mo., August 14, 1888. Morrison, John Alexander, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Colerain, Lancaster county, Pa., January 31, 1814; attended the public schools, and studied medicine; located in Cochran- ville, Pa., and practiced his profession; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); died in Cochranville, Pa., July 27, 1904. Morrison, Martin Andrew, a Representative from Indiana; born in Frankfort, Ind., April 15, 1862; attended the public schools, and was gradu- ated from Butler university in June, 1883, and from the University of Virginia; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Frankfort; county attorney; member of the school board of the city of Frankfort; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Morrison, William Rails, a Representative from Illinois; born in Monroe county, 111., Sep- tember 14, 1825; attended common schools and Mc- Kendree college, Illinois; served in the war with Mexico; went to California with the gold seekers in 1849, but returned to Illinois in 1851; studied law and was admitted to the bar; clerk of the cir- cuit court of Monroe county, 111., 1852-1854; mem- ber of the Illinois house of representatives 1854- 1860, and again 1871-1872, and served as speaker 1859-1860; organized and was colonel of the forty- ninth Illinois infantry in the Civil war; was se- verely wounded in the siege of Fort Donelson; while in command of his regiment in the field was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); re- elected to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty- fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh. Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1887); delegate in the Union national convention in Philadelphia in 1866, and in the Democratic national conventions of 1856, 1868, 1884, and 1888; appointed by President Cleveland a member of the Interstate commerce commission; reappointed by President Harrison in July, 1892; chairman of the commission from September, 1891, to December 31, 1897; resumed the practice of law in Waterloo, 111. Morrissey, John, a Representative from New York; bom in county Tipperary, Ireland, Febru- ary 12, 1831; came to the United States in 1833, and located in South Troy, N. Y.; attended the public schools; moved to New York City in 1848; went to California in 1851: returned to New York; proprietor of gambling houses in New York and Saratoga; purchased the controlling interest in the Saratoga race course in 1863; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); elected to the state senate in 1875 and 1877; died in Saratoga Springs, N. Y., May 1, 1878. Morrow, Jeremiah, a Representative and a Senator from Ohio; born near Gettysburg, Pa., October 6, 1771; attended the public schools; moved to the Northwest Territory (now the state of Ohio) in 1795; delegate in the state constitu- tional convention of 1802; member of the territorial house of representatives 1801-1802; member of the state senate in 1803; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1813); elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1813, to March 3, 1819; presidential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1821; governor of Ohio 1823- 1826; again a state senator 1827-1828; state rep- resentative 1829-1830, and 1835^1836; state canal commissioner; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Corwin; reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, and served from De- cember 7, 1840, to March 3, 1843; died in Twenty- mile Stand, Warren county, Ohio, March 22, 1852. Morrow, John, a Representative from Vir- ginia; elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1809). Morrow, William W., a Representative from California; born near Milton, Wayne county, Ind., July 15, 1843; moved with his parents to Adams county, 111., in 1845; went to California in 1859; attended the common schools; appointed special agent of the Treasury Department in January, 1865, and placed in charge of a large shipment of treasure to California; employed during the next four years in confidential positions under the Sec- retary of the Treasury ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1869 ; assistant United States attorney for California 1870-1874; chairman of the Repub- lican state central committee of California 1879- 1882; attorney for the state board of harbor com- missioners 1880-1883; delegate in the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1884; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); United States circuit judge ninth judicial circuit of California, and a resident of San Francisco, Cal. Morse, Elijah Adams, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in South Bend, Ind., May 25, 1841; moved with his parents to Massachusetts in 1852; attended the public schools, the Boyls- ton school in Boston, and Onondaga academy. New York; enlisted in the Union army in the fourth Massachusetts regiment in the Civil war; served three months under General Butler in Virginia and one year under General Banks in Louisiana; taken prisoner at the capture of Brashear City, La.; promoted to corporal; manufacturer of stove polish in Canton, Mass.; member of the Massa- 880 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. chusetts house of representatives in 1876; elected to the state senate in 1886 and 1887; member of the governor's council in 1888; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1897); died in Canton, Mass., June 5, 1898. Morse, Elmer Addison, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Franksville, Racine county, Wis., May 11, 1870; attended the common schools of Racine county; was graduated from Ripon col- lege in 1893; elected county superintendent of schools of Racine county and reelected in 1895; attended the law school of the University of Wis- consin, and was admitted to the bar in 1900; served as city attorney of Antigo for three terms; elected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Morse, Freeman H., a Representative from Maine; born in Bath, Me., February 18, 1807; attended the public schools; member of state house of representatives 1840-1844; mayor of Bath, Me. ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); again mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1833-1856; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); member of peace congress in 1861; appointed by President Lincoln consul at London. Morse, Isaac Edwards, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Attakapas, La., May 22, 1809; attended the Norwich (Vt.) military academy, and was graduated from Harvard college in 1829; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New Orleans, La., and in St. Martinsville, La., 1835-1842; member of the state senate; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Peter E. Bossier; reelected to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses, and served from December 2, 1844, to March 3, 1851; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-second Congress; attorney general of Louisiana in 1851; appointed by President Pierce minister to New Granada, to demand indemnity for the murder of American citizens crossing the Isthmus of Panama; died in New Orleans, La., February 11, 1866. Morse, Leopold, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Wachenheim, Rhenish Palatin- ate, Bavaria, August 15, 1831; attended the common schools in Wachenheim; came to the United States in early life and settled in Boston, Mass; merchant; twice elected a delegate to Democratic national con- ventions; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty -seventh, and Forty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1885); reelected to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); died in Boston, Mass., December 15, 1892. Morse, Oliver Andrew, a Representative from New York; born in Cherry Valley, Otsego county, N. Y., March 26, 1815; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Hamilton college, New York, in 1833 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Cherry Valley, New York; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); died in York City, April 20, 1870; interment in Cherry Valley, Otsego county, N. Y. Morton, Jackson, a Senator from Florida; born near Fredericksburg, Spotsylvania county, Va., August 10, 1799; attended the public schools, and was graduated from William and Mary college in 1815; moved to Pensacola, Fla. ; engaged in lum- ber business ; delegate to the constitutional conven- tion of Florida in 1838; presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1849, to March 3, 1855; deputy to the pro- visional congress of the southern states in Mont- gomery, Ala., in February, 1861 ; member of Con- federate congress 1862-1865; died in "Lessland," Orange county, Va., November 28, 1878. Morton, Jeremiah, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Fredericksburg, Spotsylvania county, Va.; attended William and Mary college, Williamsburg, Va., studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Raccoon Ford, Va.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); unsuccessful candi- date for reelection to the Thirty-second Congress; died in Lessland, Orange county, Va., November 28, 1878. Morton, John, a Delegate from Pennsylvania; born in Morris Ferry, Delaware county, Pa., in 1724; attended the public schools; for many years a land surveyor; member of the colonial general as- sembly 1764-1775, and served the last four years as speaker; high sheriff 1766-1770; judge of supreme court of the province ; Delegate in Continental Con- gress 1774-1777; gave the casting vote of the Penn- sylvania delegation*on the adoption of the Declar- ation of Independence; signer of the Declaration; died in Ridley Park, Delaware county, Pa., in April, 1777. Morton, Levi Parsons, a Representative from New York; born in Shoreham, Vt., May 16, 1824; attended the public schools and Shoreham acad- emy; clerk in a general store in Enfield, Mass., 1838-1840; taught school in Boscawen, N. H., 1840- 1841; commenced mercantile business in Hanover, N. H., in 1845; moved to Boston in 1850, and en- tered the dry goods business in New York City in 1854; engaged in the banking business in 1863 in New York City; appointed by the President honor- ary commissioner to the Paris Exhibition of 1878; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881) ; Vice President of the United States March 4, 1889 to March 3, 1893 ; governor of New York 1895-1897; an investor in realty and a writer; resident of Washington, D. C. Morton, Marcus, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Freetown, Mass., December 19, 1784; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Brown university in 1804; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Taunton, Mass. ; clerk of the Massachusetts senate in 1811; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821) ; executive councilor in 1823; elected lieutenant governor in 1823; judge of the supreme court 1825- 1840; governor of Massachusetts 1840-1841 and 1843-1844; appointed by President Polk collector of customs in Boston, and served from 1845 to 1849; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1853; member of the state house of representatives in 1858; died in Taunton, Mass., February 6, 1864. Morton, Oliver Perry, a Senator from Indiana; born in Salisbury, Wayne county, Ind., August 4, 1823; apprenticed to a hatter and worked at the trade four years; was graduated from Miami univer- sity in 1843; studied law, was admitted to the bar BIOGRAPHIES. 881 in 1847, and commenced practice in Centerville, Ind.; elected circuit judge in 1852; unsuccessful as the Republican nominee for governor in 1856; elected lieutenant governor in 1860, and upon the election of Governor Henry S. Lane to the United States Senate became governor of Indiana; elected governor in 1864; elected as a Union Republican to the United States Senate; reelected, and served from March 4, 1867, until his death, in Indianapo- lis, Ind., November 1, 1877. Moseley, Jonathan Ogden, a Representative from Connecticut; born in East Haddam, Conn., in 1762; was graduated from Yale college in 1780; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in East Haddam, Conn.; state's attorney for Middlesex county 1797-1805; elected as a Federalist to the Ninth, and to the seven suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1821); colonel of the state militia and justice of the peace of East Haddam, Conn., for several years; moved to Saginaw, Mich., where he died September 9, 1839. Moseley, William Abbott, a Representative from New York; born in Whitesboro, Oneida county, N. Y., October 20, 1798; was graduated from Yale college in 1816; studied medicine and practiced; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Buffalo, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives in 1835; member of the state senate 1838-1841; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); died in New York November 19, 1873. Moses, Charles Leavell, a Representative from Georgia; born in Coweta county, Ga., May 2, 1856; attended the country schools, and was graduated from Mercer university in 1876; became a farmer and teacher; for several years principal of the Newnan academy for boys; after 1886 devoted his time exclusively to agricultural interests; member of the farmers' alliance; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1897). Mosgrove, James, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Kittanning, Pa., July 14, 1821; attended the common schools; engaged in the iron business; president of the First national bank in Kittanning, Pa.; elected as the Democrat and Greenback candidate to the Forty -seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883). Moss, McKenzie, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Christian county, Ky., January 3, 1868; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1893, and commenced practice in Bowling Green, Ky.; successfully con- tested as a Republican the election of John S. Rhea to the Fifty-seventh Congress, and served from March 25, 1902, to March 3, 1903; elected judge of eighth judicial district of Kentucky, and a resident of Bowling Green, Ky. Moss, Ralph W., a Representative from Indiana born in Center Point, Clay county, Ind., April 21, 1862; attended common schools, Purdue university for two years; engaged in farming; member of the Indiana state senate 1905-1909; elected to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Mott, Gordon N., a Delegate from Nevada Ter- ritory; born in Zanesville, Ohio, October 21, 1812; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Zanesville in 1836; moved to Texas during its struggle for independence and served nine months as a volunteer; returned to Ohio and resumed the practice of law; moved to California in 1849; elected judge of Sutter county in 1850; appointed district judge in 1851; appointed justice of the supreme court of Nevada; elected as a Republican a Delegate to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and served from Jaunary 11, 1864, to March 3, 1865. Mott, James, a Representative from New Jer- sey; born in that state; elected to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1805); for many years treasurer of the state of New Jersey; died near Shrewsbury, N. J., December 10, 1813. Mott, Richard T., a Representative from Ohio; born in Mamaroneck, N. Y., July 21, 1804; attended the Quaker seminary in Dutchess county, N. Y.; engaged in mercantile pursuits; moved to Toledo, Ohio, in 1858, and engaged in real estate and many business enterprises; mayor of Toledo 1845-1846; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); served as chairman of the citizens' military committee during the Civil war; died in Toledo, Ohio, January 22, 1888. Motte, Isaac, a Delegate from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., December 8, 1738; served in Canada in the French and Indian war in 1756; served in the Revolutionary war; was active in de- fending Fort Moultrie and was promoted colonel September 16, 1776; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1780-1782; member of the state conven- tion that ratified the Federal Constitution; died in Charleston, S. C., May 8, 1795. Moulton, Mace, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Concord, N. H., May 2, 1796; attended the public schools; sheriff of Hillsboro county in ]845; state councilor 1848-1849; elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1847); died in Manchester, N. H., May 5, 1867. Moulton, Samuel Wheeler, a Representative from Illinois; born in Wenham, Mass., January 20, 1821; attended the public schools; moved to the South, where he remained some ygars, and then located in Illinois in 1845; studiewlaw, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Shelby ville, 111. ; member of the state house of representatives 1852- 1859; presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1857; president of the board of education of the state of Illinois 1859-1876; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); reelected to the Forty-seventh and Forty- eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885); died in Shelbyville, 111., June 3, 1905. Mouser, Grant Earl, a Representative from Ohio; born in Larue, Marion county, Ohio, Septem- ber 11, 1868; attended the Larue union schools, and Ada university; was graduated from the Cin- cinnati law school in June, 1890, and was admitted to the bar; elected prosecuting attorney in 1893; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth and Six- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of law in Marion, Ohio. Mouton, Alexander, a Senator from Louisiana; born in Attakapas parish, La., November 19, 1804; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2- -56 882 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. Georgetown college, District of Columbia; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1825, and com- menced practice in Lafayette parish, La.; member of the state house of representatives 1827-1832, and served as speaker during the sessions of 1831 and 1832; unsuccessful candidate for election to the Twenty-second Congress; reelected to the state house of representatives in 1836; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the United States Senate, to fill the va- cancy caused by the resignation of Alexander Porter, and served from January 12, 1837, until his resignation, March 1, 1842; governor of Louis- iana 1842-1846; president of the Southwestern railroad convention which met in New Orleans in January, 1852; president of the vigilance commit- tee of Lafayette parish in 1858; delegate to th national convention at Charleston, S. C.; president of the state convention which voted Louisiana out of the Union January 23, 1861; died near Ver- millionville, La., February 12, 1885. Mowry, Daniel, jr., a Delegate from Rhode Island; born in Smithfield, R. I., August 29, 1729; received a limited schooling, and learned the cooper's trade; member of the general assembly in 1766-1776; judge of the court of common pleas 1776-1781; took an active part in pre-Revolution- ary movements; Delegate in the Continental Con- gress in 1780-1782; clerk of Smithfield for twenty years; died in Smithfield, R. I., July 6, 1806. Moxley, William J., a Representative from Illi- nois; born in county Cork, Ireland, in 1851; came with parents to the United States and located in Chicago; engaged in manufacturing and banking; member of the Republican state central committee four years, and member of the executive board of the Cook county central committee two years; colonel on Gov. Yates's staff four years; twice a presidential elector and once an electoral messenger; was elected November 23, 1909, to the Sixty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Lorimer, and served from December 10, 1909, to March 3, 1911; resumed business activities in Chicago. Mozley, Norman Adolphus, a Representative from Missouri; born in Johnson county, 111., De- cember 11, 1865; attended the common schools; taught school; went to Missouri in 1887; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1891, and practiced in Bloomfield, Me.; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); resumed the practice of law in Bloomfield, Mo. Mudd, Sydney Emanuel, a Representative from Maryland; born in Charles county, Md., Feb- ruary 12, 1858; attended Georgetown college, Dis- trict of Columbia, and was graduated from St. John's college, Annapolis, Md., in 1878; read law privately and attended the law department of the University of Virginia; was admitted to the bar in 1880, and practiced; elected to the state house of delegates in 1879, and 1881; elector on the Garfield and Arthur ticket in 1880; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); elected to the state house of delegates in 1895, and served as speaker; delegate in the Re- publican national convention of 1896; elected to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911); died in Phil- adelphia, Pa., October 21, 1911. Mueller, Nicholas, a Representative from New York; born in the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg November 15, 1836; attended the common schools in the city of Metz and afterwards the Luxemburg Athenaeum; came to the United States and located in New York City; engaged as a railroad ticket agent for over twenty years; one of the promoters and orig- inal directors of the Germania bank, New York; member of the state assembly 1875-1876; member of the state central committee in 1875; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); reelected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); again elected to the Fifty -sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1899, until his resignation, December 1, 1902; a resident of New Brighton, Richmond borough, New York City. Muhlenberg, Francis Samuel, a Represent- ative from Ohio; born in Philadelphia, Pa., April 22, 1795; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; private secretary to Governor Heister 1820-1823; moved to Pickaway county, Ohio: mem- ber of the state house of representatives; elected to the Twentieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Creighton, jr., and served from December 19, 1828, to March 3, 1829; died in Pickaway county, Ohio, in 1832. Muhlenberg, Frederick Augustus Conrad, a Delegate and a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in La Trappe, Pa., January 1, 1750; pursued an academic course; studied theology, and ordained in Germany as a minister of the Lutheran church October 25, 1770; preached in Trappe, Pa., 1780-1783, and New York City 1773- 1776; when the British entered New York he felt obliged to leave, and returned to Trappe, Pa., and then to New Hanover, Pa., and was pastor of Luth- eran congregations there and in Obly and New Goshenhoppen until August, 1779; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1779-1780; member of the state house of representatives 1780-1783; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1790; pres- ident of the state convention called to ratify the Federal Constitution; elected to the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1789- March 3, 1797); was Speaker during the First and Third Congresses; president of the council of cen- sors of Pennsylvania; state treasurer; register of the Pennsylvania land office 1797-1801; died in Lan- caster, Pa., June 4, 1801. Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus, a Represent- ative from Pennsylvania; born in Lancaster, Pa., May 13, 1782; pursued classical studies; studied theology, and ordained to the Lutheran ministry in 1802; pastor of Trinity church in Reading, Pa., 1802-1828; resigned on account of ill health; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1829, until his resignation February 9, 1838; unsuc- cessful Democratic candidate for governor in 1835, and 1838; offered by President Van Buren the posi- tions of Secretary of the Navy and minister to Rus- sia, both of which he declined; minister to Austria February 8, 1838, to September 18, 1840; nomi- nated as the Democratic candidate for governor in 1844, but died before the election in Reading, Pa., August 12, 1844. Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus Philip, a Rep- resentative from Pennsylvania; born in Reading, Pa., July, 1823; pursued classical studies; wasgradu- BIOGRAPHIES. 883 ated from Dickinson college; studied law, was admitted to the bar in July, 1844, and commenced practice in Reading, Pa.; member of the state senate three years; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress, and served from March 4, 1853, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 9, 1854. Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel, a Repre- sentative and a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in La Trappe, Pa., October 1, 1746; pursued classi- cal studies; attended the University of Pennsyl- vania 1760-1763; studied in the University of Halle, Germany, irregularly 1763-1766, and served in a German regiment of dragoons; returned to Philadelphia, Pa., and studied theology; was pastor of Lutheran churches in New Germantown and Bedminster, N. J. ; removed to Woodstock, Va., and was ordained a priest in the Episcopal church April 21, 1772, by the Bishop of London; member of the Virginia house of burgesses in 1774 ; prominent in pre-Revolutionary movements; entered the Revolutionary army as colonel of the eighth Vir- ginia (German) regiment; brigadier general of the Continental army February 21, 1777, and served to the close of the war; brevet major general Sep- tember 30, 1783; returned to Pennsylvania; elected vice president of the supreme executive council of Pennsylvania in 1785; presidential elector in 1797; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); reelected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795), and again elected to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801) ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1801, until his resignation later in the month; appointed by President Jefferson super- visor of revenue for Pennsylvania January 6, 1801, and collector of customs at Philadelphia January 11, 1803; died near Philadelphia, Pa., October 1, 1807. Muldrow, Henry Lowndes, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Lowndes county, Miss.; was graduated from the literary department of the University of Mississippi in 1856, and from the law department in 1858; was admitted to the bar in 1859, and began practice in Starkville, Miss.; en- tered the Confederate army in 1861 and held various positions until he attained the rank of colonel of cavalry; district attorney for the sixth judicial dis- trict of Mississippi 1869-1871; elected to the state legislature in 1875; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty- eighth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1885); First Assistant Secretary of the Interior during the first administration of President Cleveland; re- signed in 1889, to resume the practice of law in Starkville, Miss.; delegate in the Mississippi con- stitutional convention of 1890; appointed chancellor of the first district of Mississippi in September, 1899; died in Starkville, Oktibbeha county, Miss., March 3, 1905. Mulkey, Fred William, a Senator from Oregon; born in Portland, Oreg., January 6, 1874; was grad- uated from the University of Oregon in 1896, and from the New York law school of New York City in 1899; was admitted to the bar; member of the Portland city council 1900-1902, and its president in 1901 ; chairman of the Oregon state tax commis- sion; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John PI. Mitchell, and served from January 23, 1907, until March 3, 1907; resumed the practice of law in Portland, Oreg. Mullin, Joseph, a Representative from New York; born in Ireland; emigrated to the United States when quite young and located in Water- town, N. Y.; attended the public schools; held several local offices; elected to the Thirtieth Con- gress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849). Mullins, James, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Bedford county, Tenn., September 15, 1807; completed preparatory studies; appren- tice to the millwright's trade; colonel of the state militia in 1831; sheriff of Bedford county 1840-1846; compelled to flee from his home on account of his loyalty to the Union in 1862; served in the Union army 1862-1864 ; served as speaker of the state house of representatives in 1865; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); died in Shelbyville, Tenn., June 26, 1873. Mumford, George, a Representative from North Carolina; native of Rowan county, N.C.; attended the common schools; member of the house of commons of North Carolina 1810-1811; elected to the Fifteenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1817, until his death in Washington, D. C., December 31, 1818. Mumford, Gurdon Saltonstall, a Representa- tive from New York; native of that state; attended the common schools; elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1811); presidential elector in 1812. Mungen, William, a Representative from Ohio; born in Baltimore, Md., May 12, 1821; moved with his parents to Ohio in 1830; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; editor and publisher of the Findlay Democratic Courier; served two terms as auditor of Hancock county, Ohio; member of the state senate in 1851; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1856; entered the Union army in 1861 as colonel of the fifty-seventh Ohio volunteers; elected to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871); died in Findlay, Ohio, September 9, 1887. Monroe, James, a Representative from New York; born in Albemarle county, Va., September 10, 1799; was graduated from West Point in 1815; served in the war with Algiers, 1815; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1841); unsuccessful candidate for reelec- tion to the Twenty-seventh Congress; member of the state senate 1852-1855; moved to Orange Mountain, N. J., where he died September 7, 1870. Murch, Thompson Henry, a Representative from Maine; born in Hampden, Penobscot county, Me., March 29, 1838; attended the common schools; passed his early life at sea; learned the stonecutter's trade and followed it eighteen years; became editor and publisher of the Granite Cutters' International Journal in 1877; elected as a Green- back Labor Reformer to the Forty-sixth and Forty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); died in Danvers, Mass., December 15, 1886. Murdock, Victor, a Representative from Kan- sas; born in Burlingame, Kans., March 18, 1871; moved to Wichita in 1872; attended the common schools and Lewis academy, Wichita; moved to Chicago in 1891 and served as a newspaper re- porter; managing editor of the Wichita Daily Eagle; clerk of the central division, southern department, Kansas aooellate court. 1895-1897; 884 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Chester I. Long; reelected to the Fifty-ninth, Six- tieth, and Sixty-first Congresses and served from November 9, 1905, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Murfree, William. Hard.ee, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Hertford county, N. C., October 2, 1781; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1801; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Edenton, N. C.; member of the house of commons of North Carolina in 1805, and 1812; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth >and Fourteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); moved to Nashville, Tenn., where he died in 1828. Murphy, Arthur Phillips, a Representative from Missouri; born in Hancock, Pulaski county, Mo., December 10, 1870; attended the public schools of Pulaski county and the school of mines and metallurgy at Rolla, Phelps county, Mo.; studied law and was admitted to the bar March 4, 1894, and engaged in practice; unsuccessful can- didate for election as prosecuting attorney of Pulaski county in 1898; attorney for the Creek Nation of Indians; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907) ; reelected to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909- March 3, 1911); candidate for governor of Missouri; a resident of Rolla, Mo. Murphy, Charles, a Representative from Georgia; native of South Carolina; moved to De- catur, Ga., in 1825; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; held several local offices; member of the Georgia legislature for several terms; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851- March 3, 1853); died in Decatur, Ga., January 16, 1861. Murphy, Edward, jr., a Senator from New York; born in Troy, N. Y., December 15, 1836; was graduated from St. John's college, Fordham, N. Y., in 1857; city alderman 1864-1866; elected mayor of Troy in 1875, and reelected in 1877, 1879, and 1881; chairman of the Democratic state committee of New York in 1887, and reelected four times; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1893, to March 3, 1899; president of the Troy gas company and vice-president of the Manufactur- ers' National bank of Troy; delegate in the Demo- cratic national conventions of 1880, 1884, 1888, 1892, and 1896; died in Elberon, N. J., August 3, 1911. Murphy, Everett J., a Representative from Illinois; born in Nashville, 111., July 24, 1852; moved with his parents to Sparta, 111.; attended the high school; elected city clerk of Sparta in 1877, but resigned in 1878, and moved to Chester, to accept the appointment of deputy circuit clerk; sheriff of Randolph county; elected to the general assembly of Illinois in 1886; appointed warden of the Southern Illinois penitentiary in 1889; moved to East St. Louis in 1892; elected' as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); appointed warden of the state peniten- . tiary in Joliet, 111., July 1, 1899. Murphy, Henry Cruse, a Representative from New York; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., July 5, 1810; was graduated from Columbia college in 1830; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1833, and commenced practice in Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1833; prosecuting attorney for Kings county; mayor of Brooklyn, N. Y., 1842-1843; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1846; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); unsuccessful candidate for election to the Twenty-ninth Congress; reelected to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4', 1847-March 3, 1849); minister to the Netherlands 1857-1861; member of the state senate 1861-1873; delegate to the state constitutional convention 1867-1868; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., December 1, 1882. Murphy, James William, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Platteville, Wis., April 17, 1858; was graduated from the state normal school in Platteville in 1873; taught school for five years; was graduated from the law department of the university of Michigan in 1880, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Platteville, Wis. ; served four years as district attorney of Grant county; mayor of Platteville 1904, and 1906; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909); resumed the practice of law in Platteville, Wis. . Murphy, Jeremiah Henry, a Representative from Iowa; born in Lowell, Mass., February 19, 1835; attended the schools of Boston and the state university of Iowa; read law, was admitted to the bar in April, 1858, and practiced; elected mayor of Davenport in 1873; elected to the state senate of Iowa in 1874, and served four years; again elected mayor in 1879, and held the office one year; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); died in Washington, D. C., December 11, 1893. Murphy, John, a Representative from Ala- bama; born in Columbia, Kobeson county, S. C., in 1786; was graduated from South Carolina college in 1808; served as clerk of the state senate 1810- 1817; moved to Alabama in 1818; member of the state constitutional convention of 1819; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the state senate in 1822; governor of Alabama 1825- 1829; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); died in Clarke county, Ala., September 21, 1841. Murphy, Nathan Oakes, a Delegate from Ari- zona Territory; born in Jefferson, Me., October 14, 1849; attended the public schools; taught school in Wisconsin; settled in Prescott, Ariz., in April, 1883; secretary of Arizona Territory in 1889; gov- ernor of the territory 1892-1894; delegate in the Republican national convention in Minneapolis June 7, 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); again appointed governor of Arizona Territory, and served 1898-1902; died in Coronado, San Diego county, Cal., August 22, 1908; interment in Arling- ton cemetery, Washington, D. C. Murray, Ambrose Spencer, a Representative from New York; born in Wallkill, N. Y., Novem- ber 27, 1807; attended the common schools; held several local offices in Goshen, N. Y.; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); died in Goshen, N. Y., November 8, 1885. Murray, George Washington, a Representa- tive from South Carolina; born near Rembert, Sumter county, S. C., September 22, 1853; taught school in 1874; elected as a Republican to the BIOGRAPHIES. 885 Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); successfully contested as a Republican the election of William Elliot to the Fifty-fourth Congress, and was seated June 4, 1896, and served until March 3, 1897. Murray, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; native of Lancaster, Pa. ; attended the com- mon schools; held several local offices; studied law,was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Lan- caster; elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821). Murray, John L., a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Wadesboro, Ky.; completed pre- garatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the ar, and practiced in Wadesboro; held several local Eositions; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839). Murray, Robert M., a Representative from Ohio; born in Concord, Lake county, Ohio, No- vember 28, 1841; attended the schools of Willough- by, Lake county, Ohio, and Oberlin, Ohio; studied law and was admitted to the bar; cashier of the First National bank in Painesville, Ohio; moved to Piqua, Ohio, in 1879; mayor of Painesville, Ohio, from April, 1877, to 1879; 'elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885). Murray, Thomas, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Northumberland county, Pa.; completed preparatory studies; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821- March 3, 1823). Murray, William, a Representative from New York; born in Wallkill, Orange county, N. Y., October 1, 1803; attended the common schools; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855); died in Goshen, N. Y., August 25, 1875. Murray, William Vans, a Representative from Maryland; born in Cambridge, Md., in 1762; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law in the Temple, in London, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Cambridge, Md., in 1785; mem- ber of the Maryland state legislature; elected as a Federalist to the Second, Third, and Fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1797); minister resident to the Netherlands 1797-1801; died in Cambridge, Dorchester county, Md., December 11, 1803. Mutchler, Howard, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Easton, Pa., February 12, 1859; attended the public schools and the Phillips academy, Andover, Mass.; read law with his father in Easton; before qualifying for admission to the bar became editor and publisher of the Easton Daily Express and the Northampton Dem- ocrat; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Mutchler, and served from August 7, 1893, to March 3, 1895; reelected to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903). Mutchler, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Northampton county, Pa., December 21, 1831; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; elected prothonotary of Northampton county in 1860, and 1863; appointed assessor of internal reve- nue in March, 1867, and served until May, 1869; chairman of the Democratic state committee of Pennsylvania 1869-1870; delegate in Democratic national conventions from 1876 until his death; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); reelected to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885) ; again elected to the Fifty- first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1889, until his death in Eas- ton, Pa,, June 23, 1893. Myers, Amos, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Lancaster county, Pa., April 23, 1824; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Clarion, Pa., in 1846; held several local offices; appointed district attorney in 1847; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865). Myers, Leonard, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Attleboro, Bucks county, Pa., November 13, 1827; pursued classical studies; at- tended the university of Pennsylvania in 1842, studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Philadelphiaj Pa.; held several local offices; major of the ninth Pennsylvania militia during the emergency service of September, 1862; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth ; Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1875) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress; died in Philadelphia, Pa., February 11, 1905. Myers, William Ralph, a Representative from Indiana; born in Clinton county, Ohio, June 12, 1836; moved with his parents to Madison county, Ind., October, 1848; attended the common schools; learned the painter's trade; taught in the common schools; enlisted in company G, forty-seventh Indiana volunteers as a private; was promoted to orderly sergeantj second lieutenant, first lieuten- ant, and captain; served four years and three months; elected county surveyor of Madison county in 1858; after returning from the army, taught school; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1871; superintendent of the public schools of Anderson 1868-1869; served as a mem- ber of the school board of Anderson; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); died in Anderson, Ind., April 18, 1907. Nabers, Benjamin D., a representative from Mississippi; was a native of Tennessee; attended the common schools; moved to Hickory Flat, Miss. ; held several local offices; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853) ; defeated as a Whig for the Thirty-third Con- gress; moved to Tennessee; Presidential elector in 1861. Naphen, Henry Francis, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Ireland August 14, 1852; moved with .his parents to Lowell, Mass.; studied under private tutors; attended the public schools; was graduated from Harvard University in 1878; attended Boston University Law School; admitted to the bar in 1880 and practiced in Boston; member of the school committee of Boston in 1882 for three years; member of the state senate in 1885 and 1886; appointed bail commissioner by the jus- tices of the superior court; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903); died in Boston, Mass., June 8, 1905. 886 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. Nash, Abner, a Delegate from North Carolina; born in Prince Edward county, Va., August 8, 1716; moved with his parents to New Berne, N. C., and attended the common schools; studied and prac- ticed law; served in the house of commons in 1777, 1778, 1782, and 1785; elected governor of North Carolina in 1779-80; Delegate to the Continental Congress from 1782 to 1786; died in Philadelphia, Pa., while on his way to take his seat in Congress December 2, 1786. Nash, Charles E., a Representative from Lou- isiana; was a native of Opelousas, La.; educated in New Orleans; bricklayer; private in the eighty- third regiment United States Chasseurs d'Afrique April 20, 1863; promoted to sergeant major; lost a leg at the storming of Fort Blakeley; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); defeated for the Forty-fifth Congress. Naudain, Arnold, a Senator from Delaware; born near Dover, Del., January 6, 1790; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from Princeton college in 1806 and from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1810 and commenced practice; surgeon general of the Delaware militia in the war of 1812; member of the state house of representatives, and served as speaker in 1826; served in the state senate; defeated for governor of Delaware by six votes; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Louis McLane; reelected in 1832 and served from January 13, 1830, until his resigna- tion, June 16, 1836; resumed the practice of medi- cine in Wilmington, Del.; collector of the port of Wilmington, Del., 1841-1845; moved to Philadel- phia, Pa., in 1845 and practiced medicine; died in Odessa, Del., January 4, 1872. Naylor, Charles, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Philadelphia county, Pa., Octo- ber 6, 1806; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1828; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Fran- cis J. Harper; reelected to the Twenty-sixth Con- gress and served from , 1837, to March 3, 1841 ; captain of a company of volunteers in the Mexican war; died in Philadelphia, Pa., December 24, 1872. Neal, Henry Safford, a Representative from Ohio; born in Gallipolis, Ohio, August 25, 1828; was graduated from Marietta college in 1847; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1851; elected to the state senate in 1861 and 1863; com- menced practice in Ironton, Ohio; appointed con- sul to Lisbon, Portugal, in 1869; by the resignation of the minister resident became charge d'affaires in December, 1869; in July, 1870, resigned and re- turned to Ohio; delegate to the Ohio constitutional convention in 1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); appointed Solicitor of the Treasury by President Arthur, which position he held until a successor was ap- pointed by President Cleveland; died in Ironton, Ohio, July 13, 1906. Neal, John Randolph, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Anderson county, Tenn., No- vember 26, 1836; attended the common schools and was graduated from Emory and Henry college, Virginia, in June, 1858; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1860; enlisted in the Confed- erate army; elected captain of a cavalry company, which afterwards became a part of the sixteenth battalion Tennessee cavalry, and promoted to be lieutenant colonel of the battalion ; member of the house of representatives of Tennessee, 1874; elected to the state senate in November, 1878; speaker of the senate in 1879; elector on the Hancock and English ticket in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Rhea Springs, Rhea county, Tenn., March 26, 1889. Neal, Lawrence Talbott, a Representative from Ohio; born in Parkersburg, Va. (now West Virginia), September 22, 1844; pursued classical studies; m<3ved to Chillicothe, Ohio in 1864; studied law and in 1866 was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1867; city solicitor in 1867-1868 ; member of the state legis- lature in 1867-1868; declined a reelection; prose- cuting attorney of Ross county, Ohio, in 1870, and resigned in October, 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); defeated for the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses; defeated for the state senate in 1887; delegate to the Demo- cratic national conventions in 1888 and 1892; de- feated by William McKinley for governor of Ohio in 1893; died in Chillicothe, Ohio, November 2, 1905. Neale, Raphael, a Representative from Mary- land; was a native of St. Mary county, Md., and resided at Leonardstown; received a limited edu- cation; elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1825; died in Leonardstown October 19, 1833. Neece, William H., a Representative from Illi- nois; born in what was then Sangamon county, now part of Logan county, 111., February 26, 1831; moved with his parents to McDonough county; attended the common schools; read law and was admitted to the bar in 1858; member of the city council of Macomb in 1861; member of the state legislature in 1864; member of the constitutional convention in 1869; again elected to the legislature in 1871; elected to the state senate in 1878; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); after leaving Congress resumed the practice of law; also devoted his time to the raising of cattle; died in Macomb, 111., January 6, 1909. Needham, James Carson, a Representative from California; born September 17, 1864, in Car- son City, Ney., in an emigrant wagon, his parents being at the time en route across the plains to Cali- fornia; attended the public schools of California; was graduated from the San Jose high school, and from the University of the Pacific in San Jose in 1886; also from the law department of the Univer- sity of Michigan in 1889; clerk in the Adjutant General's office in Washington, D. C.; resigned from the War Department; began the practice of law in November, 1889, in Modesto, Cal. ; defeated for the state senate in 1890; elected as a Republi- can to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Negley, James Scott, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in East Liberty, Allegheny county, Pa., December 22, 1826; was graduated from the Western University of Pennsylvania in BIOGRAPHIES. 887 Allegheny in 1846; served in the Mexican war in the Duquesne Grays, first Pennsylvania volun- teers; entered the Union army as brigadier general April 19, 1861; commanded a division in Patter- son's command, three months' service; took part in the battle of Falling Waters; organized and equipped a brigade of infantry and artillery for the West, and joined General Sherman October, 1861; participated in the Buell campaign in Tennessee; defended Nashville in 1862, and received special commendation for this service; promoted to major general for distinguished services and gallantry on the field of the battle of Stone River; commanded a division and took a prominent part in the cam- paigns of Tullahoma, Chattanooga, Alabama, and Georgia; succeeded Jay Cook as a member of the board of managers of the National Home for Dis- abled Volunteer Soldiers; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1869-March3, 1875); reelected to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); after leaving Congress became engaged in railroading; died in Plainfield, N. J., August 7, 1901. Neill, Robert, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Independence county, Ark., November 12, 1838; attended the common schools; took a course in land surveying under a tutor in Ohio in 1859; elected county surveyor of his native county in August, 1860; entered the Confederate army in May, 1861, as a private soldier in company K, first regiment Arkansas mounted riflemen, Gen. Benjamin McCulloch's brigade, Army of the West; promoted to the grade of first lieutenant in 1862, and to that of captain in 1863; clerk of the circuit court of Independence county in 1866-1868; read kw, and was admitted to the bar in 1868; com- menced practice in Batesville in 1872; lieutenant- colonel of Arkansas state guards 1874-1877; briga- dier-general of state militia 1877-1882; delegate to the Democratic national convention in St. Louis June, 1888, and vice-president of the convention for Arkansas; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1897); died in Batesville, Independence county, Ark., Feb. 16, 1907. Neilson, John, a Delegate from New Jersey; born at Raritan Landing, near New Brunswick, N. J., March 11, 1745; completed preparatory studies; attended the University of Pennsylvania in 1758; merchant in New Brunswick 1769-1775; entered the Revolutionary army as captain of New Jersey militia in 1775; appointed colonel of second regiment, Middlesex county, New Jersey, militia, 1776; brigadier general of militia 1777; deputy miartermaster-general for New Jersey 1780-1783; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1778-1779; delegate to the state constitutional convention which ratified the Federal Constitution in 1790; member of the state assembly 1800-1801; resumed the occupation of shipping merchant; Lafayette E resented him with a sword in 1824; died at his ome, Raritan Landing, near New Brunswick, March 3, 1833. Nelson, Homer Augustus, a Representative from New York; born in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., August 31, 1829; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; com- menced practice in Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; judge of Dutchess County 1855-1862; colonel of the one hundred and fifty-ninth New York volunteer in- fantry in the Civil war, resigned in 1863; elected aa a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867), defeated for the Thirty-ninth Congress; delegate to the state con- stitutional convention in 1867; secretary of state of New York 1867-1870; member of the state senate in 1881; appointed a member of the commission to report a revision of the judiciary article in the state senate in 1890; died in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., April 25, 1891. Nelson, Hugh, a Representative from Virginia; born in Yorktown, Va., September 30, 1768; com- pleted preparatory studies; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1790; speaker of the state house of representatives; judge of the general court; Presidential elector on the Pinckney ticket in 1809; elected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, Four- teenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1811, until his resignation, January 14, 1823; minister to Spain, serving from January 15, 1823, to November 23, 1824; died at his home "Belvoir," Albemarle county, Va., March 18, 1836. Nelson, Jeremiah, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Rowley, Mass., September 14, 1769; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1790; merchant in Newburyport, Mass.; held sev- eral local offices; elected as a Federalist to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807), elected to the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1825), and again elected to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); died in Newburyport, Mass., October 2, 1838. Nelson, John, a Representative from Maryland; born in Frederick, Md., June 1, 1791; was gradu- ated from William and Mary college in 1811; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1813; commenced practice in his native town; held several local offices; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); minister to Naples October 24, 1831, to October 15, 1832; Attorney General of the United States and Secre- tary of State (ad interim) under President Tyler, 1843-1845; died in Baltimore, Md., January 8, 1860. Nelson, John Marrot, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Burke, Dane county, Wis., October 10, 1870; was graduated from the Univer- sity of Wisconsin in June, 1892; superintendent of schoolfe in Dane county in 1892 and 1894; resigned to accept the position of bookkeeper in the office of the secretary of state, where he served from 1894 to 1897; edited The State 1897-98; correspondent in state treasury 1898-1902; was graduated from the law department of the state university 1896; and pursued a post-graduate course 1901-1903; elected as a Republican to Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1909). Nelson, Knute, a Representative and a Senator from Minnesota; born in Voss, Norway, February 2, 1843; came to the United States in July, 1849, and resided in Chicago, 111.; moved to Wisconsin in 1850; served as a private and noncommissioned officer in the fourth Wisconsin regiment during the Civil war; wounded and taken prisoner at Port Hudson, La., June 14, 1863; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1867; member of the Wis- consin assembly in 1868 and 1869; moved to Doug- las county, Minn., in 1871; county attorney 1872- 1874; member of the state senate 1875-1878; Repub- lican presidential elector in 1880; member of the 888 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. board of regents of the state university from Feb- ruary 1, 1882, to January 1, 1893; elected to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889); governor of Min- nesota in 1892 and reelected in 1894; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate January 23, 1895, and took his seat March 4, 1895; reelected in 1901 and 1907 for the term ending March 4, 1913; author of the bill for the creation of the Department of Commerce and Labor. Nelson, Roger, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Frederick, Md., in 1735; completed preparatory studies; served in the Revolutionary Army; wounded at the battle of Camden and at- tained the rank of brigadier general; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Frederick; held several local offices; elected to the Eighth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Daniel Hiester; reelected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, and served from November 6, 1804, until his resignation, May 14, 1810; associate justice of the fifth judicial circuit of Maryland; died in Frederick, Md., June 7, 1815. Nelson, Thomas, a Delegate from Virginia, born in Yorktown, Va., December 26, 1738; was graduated from Trinity college, in England; elected a member of the house of burgesses while on his way home from England; member of the first provincial convention in Williamsburg in 1774; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1775-1777; appointed commander of the Virginia state forces in 1777; again a Delegate to the Continental Con- gress 1779-1780; governor of Virginia 1781; died at "Offley," Hanover county, Va., January 4, 1789. Nelson, Thomas Amos Rogers, a Representa- tive from Tennessee; born in Roane county, Tenn., March 19, 1812; completed preparatory studies; was graduated from East Tennessee college in 1828; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1832; commenced practice in Washington county, Tenn. ; presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmpre ticket in 1848; appointed commissioner to China March 6, 1851, but did not go then, and resigned July 2, 1851; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); reelected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, but pre- vented by the Confederates from proceeding to Washington to take his seat; delegate to the Union national convention in Philadelphia in 1866, and to the Democratic national convention in New York July 4, 1868; judge of the state supreme court, 1870-1871; died in Knoxville, Tenn., August 24, 1873. Nelson, Thomas Manduit, a Representative from Virginia; born in Oak Hill, Mecklenburg county, Va., September 27, 1782; attended the common schools; captain of the tenth regiment infantry and major of the thirtieth and eighteenth infantries in the War of 1812; after the war reduced to captain, and resigned his commission May 15, 1815; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Thomas Gholson; reelected to the Fifteenth Con- gress, and served from December 4, 1816, to March 3, 1819; declined a reelection; died near Columbus, Ga., November 10, 1853. Nelson, William, a Representative from New York; born in Clinton, N. Y., June 29, 1784; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Peeks- kill, N. Y., in 1807; for thirty years served as district attorney for Putnam, Rockland, and West- chester counties; served in both branches of the state legislature several years; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); died in Peekskill, N. Y., October 2, 1869. Nes, Henry, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in York, Pa., May 20, 1799; completed preparatory studies; studied and practiced medi- cine; elected as an Independent to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); reelected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Con- gresses and served from March 4, 1847, until his death in York, Pa., September 10, 1850. Nesbitt, Wilson, a Representative from South Carolina; resided in Spartansburg, S. C.; attended the public schools; elected to the Fifteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819). Nesmith, James Willis, a Representative and a Senator from Oregon; born in Washington county, Me., July 23, 1820; moved with his parents to New Hampshire; attended the common schools; from there to Ohio, and in 1843 to Oregon; studied law and was appointed judge in 1845; United States marshal for Oregon 1853-1855, when he re- signed; appointed superintendent of Indian affairs for Oregon and Washington Territories in 1857; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1867; appointed minister to Austria, but his nomination was not confirmed; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- third Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of J. G. Wilson, and served from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875; died in Rickreall, Oreg., June 17, 1885. Neville, Joseph, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in 1730; served in the Revolutionary army; elected to the Third Congress, (March 4, 1793- March 3, 1795); died in Hardy county, Va., March 4, 1819. Neville, William, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Washington county, 111. , Decem- ber 29, 1843; moved with his parents to Chester, in Randolph county, in 1851; attended McKendree college, Lebanon, 111.; served in the Union army as second sergeant company H, one hundred and forty-second Illinois infantry in the civil war; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1874; elected to the Illinois legislature as a Democrat in 1872; moved to Nebraska in May, 1874; elected to the Nebraska legislature from Omaha in 1876; moved to North Platte in April, 1877; elected judge of the thirteenth judicial district for a four- year term in 1891; elected as a Populist to the Fifty-sixth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of William L. Greene; reelected to the Fifty- seventh Congress and served from December 4, 1899, to March 3, 1903; died in Douglass, Ariz., April 5, 1909. Nevin, Robert Murphy, a Representative from Ohio; born in Highland county, Ohio, May 5, 1850; attended the. public schools in Hillsboro, Ohio; was graduated from Ohio Wesleyan univer- sity in Delaware, Ohio, in June, 1868; moved to Dayton, Ohio, in July, 1868; admitted to the bar May 10, 1871; elected prosecuting attorney of Montgomery county in 1887; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1907). BIOGRAPHIES. 889 New, Anthony, a Representative from Vir- ginia and Kentucky; born in Gloucester county, Va., in 1747; completed preparatory studies; studied and practiced law; colonel in the Revolu- tionary army; elected as a Democrat from Virginia to the Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1805); moved to Kentucky and located in Elkton ; elected as a Democrat from Kentucky to the Twelfth Con- gress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813), Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819), and Sev- enteenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); died in Todd county, Ky., March 2, 1833. New, Jeptha Dudley, a Representative from Indiana; born in Vernon, Jennings county, Ind., November 28, 1830; attended Vernon academy and Bethany college, Virginia; studied law; elected mayor of Vernon; admitted to the bar and practiced until 1864 ; served two years of that time as prosecuting attorney; elected judge of the dis- trict court of common pleas in 1864-1868; resumed practice of law; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); declined the nomination'to the Forty-fifth Congress; elected to the Forth-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); elected judge of the sixth judicial circuit of Indiana in 1882 and served for six years; supreme court commissioner of Indiana in 1889; appointed appellate judge in 1891; nominated by the Democratic party as a candidate for supreme judge in 1892, but died be- fore the election in Vernon, Ind,, July 9, 1892. Newberry, John Stoughton, a Representative from Michigan; born in Waterville, Oneida county, N. Y., November 18, 1826; moved with his parents to Michigan when a child, residing successively in Detroit, Ann Arbor, and Romeo; completed pre- paratory studies in Romeo academy; was gradu- ated from Michigan university in 1847; spent two years in civil engineering on railroads; studied law in Detroit, and was admitted to the bar in 1852; made the admiralty of the western lakes and rivers a specialty for seventeen years and pub- lished the first volume of admiralty reports of decisions of cases arising on those waters; engaged in several large manufacturing enterprises in 1864; declined political honors of every kind previous to his election as a Republican to the Forty-sixth Congress March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881; died in Detroit, Mich., January 2, 1887. Newberry, Walter Cass, a Representative from Illinois; born in Sangerfield, Oneida county, N. Y., December 23, 1835; pursued an academic course; enlisted in the Union army as a private in the eighty -first New York volunteers; was pro- moted lieutenant in 1861; captain in 1862; major of the twenty-fourth New York cavalry in 1863; lieutenant colonel and colonel in 1864 and was breve tted brigadier general, March 31, 1865, for gallant and meritorious service at Dinwiddie Court House where he was severely wounded; moved to Petersburg, Va., in 1865; elected mayor in 1869; superintendent of public property for the state for four years; moved to Chicago, 111., in 1876; post- master in Chicago, 1888-1889; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1893). Newbold, Thomas, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Chesterfield township, Burlington county, N. J., February 8, 1760; member of the state assembly 1797, and 1820-1822; elected as a Democrat to the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1813); died in Springfield township, Burlington county, N. J., December 18, 1823. Newcomb, Carman A., a Representative from Missouri; born in Mercer county, JPa., July 1, 1830; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Iowa, where he was a judge for five years; moved to Missouri and resumed practice; served in the Missouri legisla- ture 1865-66; elected as a Radical to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869). Newell, William Augustus, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Franklin, Ohio, Septem- ber 5, 1817; was graduated from Rutgers college in 1836, and from the medical department of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania in 1839; began practice in Allentown, N. J.; elected as a Whig to the Thir- tieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847- March 3, 1851); governor of New Jersey 1856-^1860; delegate to the Republican national convention in Baltimore in 1864; reelected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); defeated for the Fortieth Congress; defeated as Republican candidate for governor of New Jersey in 1877; died in Allentown, N. J., August 8, 1901. Newhard, Peter, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Allentown, Pa., July 26, 1783; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar and practiced; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); died in Allentown, Pa., Feb- ruary 19, 1860. Newlands, Francis Griffith, a Representative and a Senator from Nevada; born in Natchez, Miss., August 28, 1848; attended Yale college and the Columbian college law school in Washington, but prior to graduation was admitted to the bar; moved to San Francisco and practiced law; continued in the active practice of his profession until 1886, when he became a trustee of the estate of William Sharon, formerly United States Senator from the State of Nevada; engaged actively in the agitation of the silver question, and was for years vice-chair- man of the national silver committee ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty- Fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1903); elected to the United States Senate and took his seat March 4, 1903. Reelected in 1909 for the term ending March 3, 1915. Newman, Alexander, a Representative from Virginia; born near Orange, Va., October 5, 1804; pursued an academic course; held several local offices; elected to the Virginia legislature in 1836; postmaster of Wheeling 1845-1849, when he re- signed; elected to the Thirty-first Congress, but died before the convening of Congress, in Pitts- burgh, Pa., September 8, 1849. Newnan, Daniel, a Representative from Geor- gia; was a native of North Carolina; completed preparatory studies; ensign of the fourth United States infantry; promoted to first lieutenant in 1799, and resigned January 1, 1802; commanded the Georgia volunteers in the Creek war 1812-1814, major general of militia; elected as a States Rights Democrat to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); died in Walker county, Ga., January 16, 1851. 890 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. Newsham, Joseph Parkinson, a Representa- tive from Louisiana; born in Preston, Lancashire, England, May 24, 1837; attended the common schools; emigrated to the United States with his parents and settled in Monroe county, 111., 1839; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Edwardsville, 111., 1859-1861; served in the Union army on the staffs of General Fremont and General Smith; adjutant of the thirty-second Mis- souri volunteer infantry, and resigned July 4, 1864; moved to Louisiana in 1864 and practiced law in Donaldson ville; moved to St. Francisville, La., in 1867; member of the constitutional convention 1868-1869; established the Feliciana Republican; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); successfully con- tested the election of Michael Ryan, Democrat, to the Forty-first Congress, and was seated on May 23, 1870, and served until March 3, 1871. Newton, Cherubusco, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Louisiana May 15, 1848; pur- sued an academic course; taught school, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1870 and com- menced practice; elected to the state senate in 1879 and served four years; declined a judgeship in 1885; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Con- gress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889). Newton, Eben, a Representative from Ohio; born in Goshen, Conn., October 16, 1795; attended the common schools; moved to Portage county, Ohio; studied law and was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Canfield, Ohio, in 1823; member of the state senate in 1842; judge of the third judicial circuit; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); defeated for reelection; president of the Ashtabula & New Lisbon Railroad Co. 1856-1859. Newton, Thomas, Jr., a Representative from Virginia; born in Norfolk, Va., November 21, 1768; completed preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Norfolk; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Seventh and to the thirteen suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1829); presented credentials as Member-elect to the Twenty-first Congress, but the election was suc- cessfully contested by George Loyall, who took the seat March 9, 1830; reelected to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); died in Norfolk, Va., August 5, 1847. Newton, Thomas Willoughby, a Representa- tive from Arkansas; born in Alexandria, Va., Jan- uary 18, 1804; attended the common schools; moved in 1820 to Arkansas and located in Little Rock; moved to Shelby county, Ky., and returned to Little Rock in 1837 and became cashier in a bank; elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Archibald Yell, and served from February 6, 1847, to March 3, 1847; died in New York September 22, 1853. Newton, Willoughby, a Representative from Virginia; born in Westmoreland county, Va., De- cember 2, 1802; received a limited education; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); died in Westmore- land county, Va., May 10, 1874. Niblack, Silas L., a Representative from Flor- ida; successfully contested election of Josiah T. Walls to the Forty-second Congress and served from January 29, 1873, to March 3, 1873; defeated as the Democratic candidate at large for the Forty-third Congress. Niblack, William Ellis, a Representative from Indiana; born in Dubois county, Ind., May 19, 1822; attended Indiana university, but did not graduate; studied law and was admitted to the bar; practiced in Vincennes, Ind.; elected to the state house of representatives, 1849 and 1853; mem- ber of the state senate 1850-1852; circuit judge from January, 1854, to October, 1857; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-fifth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Lockhart; reelected to the Thirty-sixth Congress and served from De- cember 7, 1857, to March 3, 1861; delegate to the Democratic national conventions in 1864, 1868, and 1876; reelected to the Thirty-ninth and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1875); judge of the supreme court of Indiana 1877- 1889; again elected to the state house of representa- tives in 1889-1891 and served as speaker; died in Indianapolis, Ind., May 7, 1893. Nicholas, John, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Williamsburg, Va., January 19, 1761; attended the common schools; was graduated from William and Mary college; elected as an Anti- Federalist to the Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1799); moved to Geneva, N. Y. ; member of the state senate 1806- 1809 ; j udge of the court of common pleas 1806-1819 ; died in Geneva, N. Y., December 31, 1819. Nicholas, Robert Carter, a Senator from Lou" isiana; born in Hanover, Va., in 1793; was gradu- ated from William and Mary college; served in the War of 1812 as captain and major; moved to Louisi- ana and became a sugar planter; secretary of state of Louisiana; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles E. A. Gayarre, serving from 1836 to 1841; died in Terrebonne parish, La., December 24, 1857. Nicholas, Wilson Carey, a Representative and Senator from Virginia; born in Williamsburg, Va., January 31, 1761; was graduated from William and Mary college; served in the Revolutionary army; delegate to the state constitutional convention which ratified the Federal Constitution; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Henry Tazewell, and served from January 3, 1800, to 1804, when he resigned; collector of the port in Norfolk 1804- 1807; elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Con- gresses and served from March 4, 1807, until his res- ignation, November 27, 1809; governor of Virginia 1814-1817; died in Milton, Va., October 10, 1820. Nichols, John, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Wake county, N. C., November 14, 1834; attended the common schools; appren- ticed to the printing business; attended Lovejoy academy; engaged in the book and job printing business and newspaper publishing; principal of the North Carolina institute for the deaf and dumb and the blind 1873-1877; revenue-stamp agent in Durham, N. C., 1879-1881; appointed postmaster in Raleigh, N. C., in 1881-1885; secretary and treas- urer of the State Fair Association; elected as an Independent to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889); chief of the division of mail files and records of the Treasury Department during President Harrison's administration until his resig- nation July 1, 1893; returned to Raleigh, N. C., and was in the internal-revenue office. BIOGKAPHIES. 891 Nichols, Matthias H., a Representative from Ohio; born in Sharpstown, N. J., October 3, 1824; attended the common schools; printer; moved to Ohio in 1842; studied law and was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Lima, Ohio; prose- cuting attorney for Allen county; elected as a Re- publican to the Thirty- third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859); died in Cincinnati, Ohio, September 15, 1862. Nicholls, John Calhown, a Representative from Georgia; born in Clinton, Jones county, Ga., April 25, 1834 ; attended William and Mary college, Virginia; studied law and was admitted to the bar; soldier in the Confederate army; delegate to the Democratic national convention that nominated John C. Breckinridge for President; member of the state constitutional convention of 1865; presiden- tial elector on the Seymour and Blair ticket of 1868; elected to the Georgia senate in 1870 and served five years; delegate to the Democratic national con- vention in St. Louis in 1876 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); reelected to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Blackshear, Ga., December 25, 1893. Nicholls, Thomas David, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Wilkes-Barre, Luzerne county, Pa., September 16, 1870; attended public schools; studied mining by correspondence in the International Correspondence Schools of Scran ton; in 1897 passed a state examination and received a mine foreman's certificate of competency; district president of District No. 1, United Mine Workers of America, 1899; elected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Nicholson, Alfred Osburne Pope, a Senator from Tennessee; born in Williamson county, Tenn., August 31, 1808; was graduated from Chapel Hill university, North Carolina, in 1827; studied law; and was admitted to the bar in 1831; commenced practice in Columbia, Tenn.; edited the Western Mercury in Columbia 1832-1835; member of the state house of representatives 1833-1839 ; appointed to the United States Senate as a Democrat, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Felix Grundy, and served from December 25, 1840, to October 17, 1843; edited the Nashville Union 1844-1846; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1859, to March 3, 1861, when he retired, but was formally expelled by resolution of July 11, 1861; chief justice of the supreme court of Tennessee 1870-1876; died in Columbia, Tenn., March 23, 1876. Nicholson, John, a Representative from New York; born in Herkimer, N. Y., in 1765; received a limited education; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and practiced; held various local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); died in Herkimer, N. Y., January 20, 1820. Nicholson, John Anthony, a Representative from Delaware; born in Laurel, Del., November 17, 1827; completed preparatory studies; superinten- dent of free schools for Kent county in 1851 ; studied law and waa admitted to the bar and practiced; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869). Nicholson, Joseph Hopper, a Representative from Maryland; born in Maryland in 1770; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; elected as a Democrat to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1799, until his resignation March 1, 1806; chief justice of the sixth judicial district of Maryland; judge of the court of appeals; died in Anne Arundel county. Md., March 4, 1817. Nicoll, Henry, a Representative from New York; born in New York, October 23, 1812; was graduated from Columbia college in 1830; studied law and was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in New York; delegate to the state con- stitutional convention in 1847; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847- March 3, 1849). Niedringhaus, Frederick jGr., a Representa- tive from Missouri; born in Luebbecke, West- phalia, North Germany, October 21, 1837 ; attended the common schools; emigrated to the United States and located in St. Louis, Mo., in November, 1855; in 1862 began the stamping of tinware, etc.; in 1874 invented what is called "granite iron- ware ; " elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1891). Niles, Jason, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Vermont, December 19, 1814; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); defeated for reelection; died in Kosciusko, Miss., July 7, 1894. Niles, John Milton, a Senator from Connecti- cut; born in Windsor, Conn., August 20, 1787; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1817; commenced practice in Hartford, Conn. ; established the Hartford Times; county judge 1821-1826; member of the state house of representatives in 1826; postmaster in Hartford in 1829; appointed as a Whig to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Nathan Smith ; subsequently elected, and served from December 21, 1835, to March 3, 1839; Postmaster General 1840-1841; again elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1843, to March 3, 1849; died in Hartford, Conn.. May 31, 1856. Niles, Nathaniel, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in South Kingston, R. I., April 3, 1741; attended Harvard college and was graduated from Princeton college in 1766; studied law and prac- ticed; studied theology and preached; moved to Orange county, Vt.; member of the state house of representatives in 1784 and served as speaker; judge of the supreme court 1784-1788 ; elected to the Second and Third Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1795), died in Fairlee, Vt., October 31, 1828. Nisbet, Eugenius Aristides, a representative from Georgia; born in Union Point, Ga., December 3, 1803; completed preparatory studies; attended Powellton academy, Hancock county, Ga., 1815- 1817; studied law and began practice in Macon, Ga.; member of the state house of representatives; defeated as the Whig candidate for the Twenty- fifth Congress; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); judge of the supreme court of Georgia; died in Macon, Ga., March 18, 1871. Niven, Archibald Campbell, a Representative from New York; born in Newburgh, Orange county, 892 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. N. Y., December 8, 1803; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); died in Monticello, Sullivan county, N. Y., February 21, 1882. Fixon, George Stuart, a Senator from Nevada; n April 2, 1860, in Placer county, Cal. ; attended Nixon, born A] the public schools; studied telegraphy; in 1881 he was transferred to Nevada, where he served three years as a telegraph operator, and in 1884 accepted a clerical position in a bank in Reno; president of three banks in the state and largely interested in mining, stock raising, and farming; member of the Nevada legislature as a Republican in 1891; elected to the United States Senate, January 25, 1905; reelected and served from March 4, 1905 until his death in Washington, D. C., June 6, 1912; inter- ment in Reno, Nevada. Nixon, John Thompson, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Fairton, Cumberland county, N. J., August 31, 1820; was graduated from Princeton college in 1841; studied law and waa admitted to the bar in 1845; practiced in Bridgeton, N. J.; member of the state house of representatives 1848-1850, and speaker in 1850; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); ap- pointed United States judge for the district of New Jersey in 1870; died in Stockbridge, Mass., Septem- ber 28, 1889. Noble, David Addison, a Representative from Michigan; born in Williamstown, Berkshire county, Mass., November 9, 1802; was graduated from Wil- liams college in 1825; studied law in Albany and New York City, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed for a time in the last-named city; moved to Monroe, Mich., in 1831, and continued in the prac- tice of law; city recorder, alderman, and mayor of Monroe; member of the state legislature in 1847- 1848; prosecuting attorney and probate judge of Monroe county; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-fourth Congress; manager of the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago railroad for four years; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1864; died in Monroe, Mich., October 13, 1876. Noble, James, a Senator from Indiana; born near Berryville, Clarke county, Va., December 16, 1785; moved with his parents to Campbell county, Ky.,in 1795; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Brookville, Franklin county, Ind., in 1811; member of the territorial legislature; elected to the United States Senate; reelected in 1821 and 1827, and served from November 8, 1816, until his death, in Washington, D. C., February 26, 1831. Noble, Warren Perry, a Representative from Ohio; born in Pennsylvania, June 14, 1821; at- tended the common schools; moved to Ohio; studied law and was admitted to the bar; com- menced practice in Tiffin, Ohio; held several local offices; member of the state house of representa- tives 1856-1860 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1865); defeated for the Thirty-ninth Congress; resumed the practice of law in Tiffin, Ohio, until his death, July 3, 1903. Noble, William H., a Representative from New York; born in that state in 1788; resided in Cato; received a limited education ; studied law, admitted to the bar, and practiced; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); defeated for reelec- tion; died in Rochester, N. Y., February 5, 1850. Noell, John William, a Representative from Missouri; born in Bedford county, Va., February 22, 1816; completed preparatory studies; moved with parents to Perry county, Mo., in 1833; engaged in milling and storekeeping; studied law, waa admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Perryville, Mo.; clerk of the circuit court for Perry county, 1841-1850; member of the state senate, 1850-1854; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); reelected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, but died before it assembled in Washing- ton, D. C., March 14, 1863. Noell, Thomas Estes, a Representative from Missouri; born in Perryville, Mo., April 3, 1839; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Perryville in 1858; major Missouri state militia, July, 1861, to April 1, 1862; captain nineteenth infantry, United States army, March, 1862, until his resignation, February 20, 1865; elected as a Radical to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); reelected to the Fortieth Congress, but died before it assembled in St. Louis, Mo., October 4, 1867. Nolan, Michael Nicholas, a Representative from New York; born in Ireland May 4, 1833; came to this country at the age of 10 years; attended the public schools in Albany; studied law and was admitted to the bar; director of the National Savings Bank of Albany; fire commissioner of Albany for ten years; elected mayor of Albany in 1878; reelected in 1880 and 1882 while serving as a Member of Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); died in Albany, N. Y., May 31, 1905. Noonan, Edward T., a Representative from Illinois; born in Macomb, 111., October 23, 1861; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1882; was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1883; member of the senate of Illinois 1890-1894; colonel on the staff of Governor Altgeld 1893- 1897; annually elected attorney for the board of West Chicago park commissioners 1893-1898; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901). Noonan, George H., a Representative from Texas; born in New Jersey; emigrated in 1852 to Texas; located in Medina county; studied law and was admitted to the bar and practiced; judge of the district court in 1862-1898; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1899- March 3, 1901); after leaving Congress resumed the practice of law. Norcross, Amasa, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Rindge, N. H., January 26, 1824; attended the common schools and Appleton academy, New Ipwich; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1847; member of the Massa- chusetts house of representatives in 1858, 1859, and 1862; elected to the state senate in 1874; assessor of internal revenue August, 1862, until May, 1873, when the office was abolished ; mayor of the city of Fitchburg in 1873 and 1874; elected as a Republi- BIOGRAPHIES. 893 can to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883); died in Paris, France, April 2, 1898. Norris, Benjamin W., a Representative from Alabama; born in Monmouth, Me., in 1819; was graduated from Colby university in 1843; mer- chant; delegate to the Free Soil convention in Buffalo in 1848; held several local offices; delegate to the Republican national convention in Balti- more in 1864; paymaster in the Union army 1864- 65; became a planter in Alabama after the war; member of the constitutional convention of Ala- bama in 1868; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); died in Montgomery, Ala., January 27, 1873. Norris, George William, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Sandusky county, Ohio, July 11, 1861; attended district schools; afterwards taughtschool; attended Baldwin university, Berea, Ohio, and the northern Indiana normal school, Valparaiso; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1883; moved to Nebraska in 1885, and located in Furnas county; three times prosecuting attorney; declined further nomination; elected district judge in 1895, and reelected in 1899; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Norris, Moses, Jr., a Representative and Sena- tor from New Hampshire; born in Pittsfield, N. H., November 8, 1799; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1828; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1832; commenced practice in Barnstead; served two terms in the state house of representa- tives; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1847); reelected to the state house of representatives in 1847 and chosen speaker; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1849, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 11, 1855. North, William., a Senator from New York; born in Fort Frederick, Pemaquid, Me., in 1755; attended the common schools; moved with his mother to Boston, Mass.; aid-de-camp to Major- General Baron de Steuben in the Revolutionary army; after the war settled in Duanesburg, N. Y.; member of the state assembly and elected speaker; appointed to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John S. Hobart, and served from May 21, 1798, to March 3, 1799; ap- pointed adjutant-general of the army with the rank of brigadier-general, and served from 1798 to 1800; died in Duanesburg, N. Y., January 3, 1836. Northway, Stephen Asa, a Representative from Ohio; born in Christian Hollow, Onondaga county, N. Y., June 19, 1833; moved in 1840 with his parents into the township of Orwell, Ashtabula county, Ohio; attended the district school. Kings- ville academy, and Orwell academy; taught school; studied law in 1858 and admitted to the bar in 1859; elected prosecuting attorney and located in Jefferson in 1861; reelected prosecuting attorney in 1863; elected to the state house of representa- tives in 1865 and served two years; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1899); died in Jefferson, Ashtabula county, Ohio, September 18, 1898. Norton, Daniel Sheldon, a Senator from Minnesota; born in Mount Vernon, Ohio, April 12, 1829; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Ivenyon college, Ohio; served in the Mexican war; after the war returned to Ohio; studied law and was admitted to the bar; commenced practice in Mount Vernon in 1852; moved to Minnesota and practiced; served six years in the Minnesota state senate; elected as a Union Conservative to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1866, until his death in Washington, D. C., July 13, 1870. Norton, Ebenezer F., a Representative from New York; was a native of Buffalo, N. Y.; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar; practiced law; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831). Norton, Elijah Hise, a Representative from Missouri; born in Logan county, Ky., November 24, 1821; completed preparatory studies; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Platt City; moved to Missouri; judge of the circuit court of Missouri 1852-1860; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 1861-March 3, 1863). Norton, James, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Marion county, S. C., October 8, 1843; pursued an academic course; left school in 1861 to enter the Confederate army; served through the war in the army of Northern Virginia; more than once wounded, a minie ball at one time pass- ing through the body and right lung; from this wound he had sufficiently recovered to be able to return to the army just in time, with Petersburg, to be captured; after the war reentered school, but did not finish regular course ; elected county school commissioner in 1870 and reelected 1872 ; served as a member of the house of representatives of South Carolina 1886-87 and 1890-91; elected comptroller general of the State 1894 and reelected 1896, which office he resigned; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John L. McLaurin; reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress and served from December 6, 1897, until March 3, 1901. Norton, James Albert, a Representative from Ohio; born in Seneca county, Ohio, November 11, 1843; attended the public schools; enlisted in Union army in August, 1862; sergeant company K, one hundred and first Ohio volunteer infantry; promoted to first lieutenant and adjutant one hun- dred and twenty-third United States colored infan- try in 1864; mustered out of service at close of the war in 1865; began the practice of medicine in 1867; continued that profession until 1879; admit- ted to the bar in 1879; served six years in the Ohio house of representatives 1873-1879, and was speaker pro tempore for two years; appointed commissioner of railroads and telegraphs, when he resigned to accept position in railroad service; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1903). Norton, Jesse O., a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Bennington, yt., December 25, 1812; was graduated from Williams college in 1835; moved to Illinois; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1840 began practice in Joliet, 111.; member of the state constitutional convention in 1847; member of the state house of representatives 894 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. in 1851-52 ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853- March 3, 1857); judge of the eleventh district of Illinois 1857-1862; reelected to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); delegate to the national Union convention in Philadelphia in 1866; died in Chicago, 111., August 3, 1875. Norton, Nelson Ira, a Representative from New York; born in Great Valley, Cattaraugus county, N. Y., March 30, 1820; received a limited education; farmer; held several local offices ; mem- ber of the state assembly in 1861 ; presidential elec- tor on the Grant and Wilson ticket in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Augustus F. Allen, and served from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; died in Hinsdale, N. Y., October 28, 1887. Norton, Richard Henry,, a Representative from Missouri; born in Troy, Lincoln county, Mo., November 6, 1849; attended the St. Louis univer- sity, where he took the classical course; was gradu- ated from the law department of Washington uni- versity, St. Louis, in 1870; admitted to the bar, and practiced his profession; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893); on leaving Congress he devoted his time to practicing law and farming. Norvell, John, a Senator from Michigan; born in Danville, Garrard county, Ky., December 21, 1789; attended the common schools; learned the trade of printer; studied law and was admitted to the bar; edited an anti-Federalist paper in Phila- delphia 1816-1832; moved to Michigan Territory; appointed postmaster of Detroit; delegate to the state constitutional convention in Detroit May 11, 1835; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from January 26, 1837, to March 3, 1841; resumed the practice of law in Detroit; member of the state legislature in 1842; United States district attorney of Michigan 1845-1849; died in Ham- tramck, Mich., April 11, 1850. Norwood, Thomas Manson, a Senator and Representative from Georgia; born in Talbot county, Ga., April 26, 1830; pursued an academic course; was graduated from Emory college, Ox- ford, Ga., in 1850; studied law and was admit- ted to practice in February, 1852; moved to Savan- nah in March, 1852, where he practiced law; mem- ber of the Georgia legislature in 1861-62; alternate Democratic elector in 1868 on the Seymour and Blair ticket; elected to the United States Senate in November, 1871 ; after a contest for his seat with Foster Blodgett he was admitted to his seat Decem- ber 19, 1871, and served until March 3, 1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fif- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); resumed the practice of law in Savannah, Ga.; ap- pointed judge of the city court of Savannah in 1896, and served twelve years; retired to his country home "Hancock Hall," near Savannah, Ga. Nott, Abraham, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Saybrook, Conn., in 1767; was graduated from Yale college in 1787; went to Georgia and subsequently to Camden, S. C., in 1789; studied law and in 1791 was admitted to the bar; held several local offices; elected as a Federal- ist to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801); resumed the practice of law in Columbia in 1804; president of the court of appeals in 1824; died in Fairfield, S. C., June 19, 1830. Nourse, Amos, a Senator from Maine; born in Bolon, Mass., December 17, 1794; was graduated from Harvard college in 1812; studied medicine, and practiced in Bath; medical lecturer at Bow- doin college 1846-1854; held several local offices; appointed to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Hannibal Hamlin and served from January 24, 1857, to March 3, 1857; judge of probate of Sagadahoc county; died in Bath, Me., April 17, 1877. Noyes, John, a Representative from Vermont; born in Atkinson, N. H., April 2, 1764; was grad- uated from Dartmouth college in 1795; moved to Brattleboro and engaged in mercantile trade; mem- ber of the general assembly in 1808-1810 and 1812; held several local offices in Vermont; elected as a Federalist to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); died in Putney, Vt., October 26, 1841. Noyes, Joseph Cobham, a Representative from Maine; born in Portland, Me., September 22, 1798; received a limited education; merchant in East- port; member of the state house of representatives in 1833; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841) ; moved to Portland and engaged in the bank- ing business: died in Portland, Me., July 21, 1868. Nuckolls, Stephen Friel, a Delegate from Wyoming; born in Grayson county, Va., August 16, 1825; completed preparatory studies; moved to Missouri in 1846 and became a merchant; moved to Nebraska territory in 1854; held several local offices; served in the Nebraska legislature in 1859; moved to Colorado territory in 1860 and engaged in mining; moved to New York City in 1864; moved to Dakota territory in 1867 and located in Cheyenne and in 1869, upon the organization of Wyoming ter- ritory, was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871). Nuckolls, William Thompson, a Representa- tive from South Carolina; born near Hancock ville, S. C., February 23, 1801; was graduated from the South Carolina university in 1820; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1823, and began practice in Spartanburg, S. C.; elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1833); died on his planta- tion near Hancockville, S. C., September 27, 1855. Nugen, Robert Hunter, a Representative from Ohio; born in Washington county, Pa., July 16, 1809; moved with his parents to Ohio in 1811 and located in Columbiana county; in 1828 moved to Tuscarawas county; received a limited education; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863). Nunn, David Alexander, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Haywood county, Tenn., July 26, 1835; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Brownsville; presidential elector on the Bell ticket in 1860 and in 1864 on the Republican ticket; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1866-1867; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); defeated as the Independent Republican candidate for the Forty- first Congress; reelected to the Forty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); again defeated for the Forty-fourth Congress. 895 Nute, Alonzo, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Milton, N. H., February 12, 1826; attended the common schools; moved to Natick, Mass. ; returned to New Hampshire in 1848 and engaged in the manufacture of boots and shoes in Farmington; in the spring of 1861 entered the Union army in the sixth New Hampshire volun- teers, and served until incapacitated for duty on the staffs of Generals Griffin and Rush Hawkins; mem- ber of the New Hampshire house of representatives in 1866; elected to the state senate for 1867-1868; delegate to the national Republican convention in Cincinnati in 1876; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891); died in Farmington, N. H., December 24, 1892. Nutting, Newton Wright, a Representative from New York; born in West Monroe, Oswego county, N. Y., October 22, 1840; pursued an aca- demic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Oswego, N. Y. ; member of the school committee of Oswego county from January 1, 1864, to January 1, 1867; district attor- ney of Oswego county from January 1, 1869, to Jan- uary 1, 1872; county judge of Oswego county from January 1, 1878, to March 4, 1883, when he resigned; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); reelected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); died in Oswego, N. Y., Octo- ber 15, 1889. Nye, Frank Mellin, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Shirley, Piscataquis county, Me., March 7, 1852; attended the common schools; and the academy in River Falls, Wis. ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; district attorney of Polk county, Wis.; member of the Wisconsin as- sembly 1884-1885; moved to Minnesota; county attorney of Hennepin county 1893 to 1897; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March3, 1911); declined a renomination ; resumed the practice of law in Minneapolis, Minn. Nye, James Warren, a Senator from Nevada; born in Madison county, N. Y., June 10, 1814; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; held several local offices; defeated as the Antislavery candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress; moved to Syracuse, N. Y.; appointed governor of Nevada territory in 1861; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; reelected and served from February 1, 1865, to March 3, 1873; died at White Plains, N. Y., December 25, 1876. Oakley, Thomas Jackson, a Representative from New York; born in Dutchess county, N. Y., in 1783; was graduated from Yale college in 1801; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; surrogate of Dutchess county 1810-1811; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); member of the state assembly 1816, 1818- 1820; attorney general of New York 1819; elected as a Clinton Democrat to the Twentieth Congress and served from March 4, 1827, to May 9, 1828, when he resigned to become judge of the superior court of the state of New York, which position he held until 1836; chief justice of the supreme court of New York 1846 and served until his death in New York City, May 11, 1857. Gates, William Calvin, a Representative from Alabama; born in Pike (now Bullock) county, Ala., November 30, 1835; pursued elementary studies at home; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1858; practiced in Abbeville 1859-1861; entered the Confederate army as captain of company G, fifteenth Alabama infantry, in July, 1861; ap- pointed colonel in the provisional army of the Con- federacy for valor and skill displayed on the field, May 1, 1863, and assigned to the command of his old regiment; the forty-eighth Alabama regiment was also placed under his command; wounded four times slightly and twice severely, losing his right arm in front of Richmond; resumed the practice of law in Abbeville in 1865; delegate to the national Democratic convention held in New York in 1868; member of the state house of representatives 1870- 1872; unsuccessful candidate for the nomination for governor in 1872; member of the constitutional convention of 1875; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1895); governor of Ala- bama in 1894; brigadier-general of volunteers in the Spanish-American war and stationed at Camp Meade, Pa.; resigned and resumed the practice of law; died in Montgomery, Ala., September 9, 1910. O'Brien, James, a Representative from New York; born in Kings county, Ireland, March 13, 1841; attended the common schools; alderman of the city of New York in 1864 and 1866; sheriff of the city and county of New York in 1867; state senator in 1871; ran for mayor of the city of New York in 1873, but was unsuccessful; elected as an Anti- Tammany Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); died in New York City, March 5, 1907. O'Brien, Jeremiah, a Representative from Maine; born in Machias, Me., January 21, 1778; attended the public schools; elected to the Eight- eenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1829); defeated as a candi- date for the Twenty-first Congress; served six terms in the state legislature; died in Boston, Mass., May 30, 1858. O'Brien, William J., a Representative from Maryland; born in Baltimore, Md., May 28, 1836; pursued classical studies in St. Mary's college, Baltimore; studied law; was admitted to the bar and in 1858, began practice in Baltimore; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); resumed the practice of law; elected judge of the orphan's court of Baltimore in 1901; died in Baltimore, Md., November 13, 1905. Ochiltree, Thomas Peck, a Representative from Texas; born in Livingston, Sumter county, Ala., October 26, 1839; moved with parents to Texas in infancy; attended public schools; volunteered in 1857 as a private in Capt. John G. Walker's com- pany of Texan rangers in the compaign against the Apache and Comanche Indians in 1854-1855; editor of the Jeffersonian in 1860-1861; a delegate to the Charleston and Baltimore conventions of 1860; served in the Confederate army; appointed United States marshal of Texas by President Grant; editor of the Houston Daily Telegraph in 1866- 1867; appointed commissioner of emigration for Texas; elected as an Independent to the Forty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); moved to New York city; died in Hot Springs, Va., November 25, 1902. O'Connell, Joseph Francis, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Boston, December 7, 896 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1872; attended the Mather school of Boston and prepared for college at St. Mary's parochial school; was graduated from Boston college in 1893 and from the law department of Harvard university in 1896; was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1897 and engaged in the practice of law; elected to the Six- tieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Bos- ton, Mass. O'Connor, Michael Patrick, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Beaufort, S. C., Sep- tember 29, 1831; was graduated from St. John's college, Fordham, N. Y. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar; member of the state legislature for seven years, from 1858 to 1865; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883}; died in Charleston, S. C., April 26, 1881. Odell, Benjamin Barker, jr., a Representative from New York; born in Newburgh, N. Y., January 14, 1854; attended the public schools, Newburgh academy, Bethany (W. Va.) college, and Columbia college, New York City; entered upon a commercial career; for ten years represented the Seventeenth district on the Republican state committee and chairman of the executive committee ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899); elected gov- ernor of the State of New York, November, 1900, and reelected in 1902; president of the chamber of commerce of Newburgh, N. Y. Odell, Moses Fowler, a Representative from New York; born in Tarrytown, N. Y., February 24, 1818; completed preparatory studies; several years entry clerk in the New York custom-house and after securing several promotions became public appraiser; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1865); appointed navy agent at the city of New York in 1865; and served until his death in Brooklyn, N. Y., June 13, 1866. Odell, Nathaniel Holmes, a Representative from New York; born near Tarrytown, N. Y., October 10, 1828; completed preparatory studies; engaged in boating on the North river; served several years in the state assembly ; engaged in the banking business in Tarrytown; elected three times county treasurer of Westchester county; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); postmaster of Tarry- town 1887-1892, and 1894-1898; died in Tarrytown, N. Y., October 30, 1904. p'Donnell, James, a Representative from Michigan; born in Norwalk, Conn., March 25, 1840; moved with his parents to Michigan in 1848; pursued preparatory studies and learned the printer's trade; enlisted as a private in the first Michigan infantry, and served two years; partici- pated in the first battle of Bull Run; elected recorder of the city of Jackson for four terms, 1863-1866; established the Jackson Daily Citizen in 1865; Republican presidential elector in 1872; mayor of Jackson in 1876 and 1877; appointed in 1878 as aid-de-camp on the staff of Governor Cross- well, with the rank of colonel; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1893); returned to Jackson, Mich., and devoted his time to the publication of the Jackson Daily Citi- zen; disposed of his paper and retired in 1910. O'Ferrall, Charles Triplett, a Representative from Virginia; born in Brucetown, Frederick county, Va., October 21, 1840; appointed clerk pro tempore of the circuit court of Morgan county, Va., in 1855; elected clerk in 1857; in May, 1861, en- listed in the Confederate cavalry as a private; passed through all the grades from sergeant to colonel, and at the surrender of Lee was in com- mand of all the Confederate cavalry in the Shenan- doah valley; studied law in Washington college, Lexington, Va.; was graduated in 1869 and located in Harrisonburg; member of the general assembly of Virginia 1871-1873; judge of the county court of Rockingham county 1874-1880; Democratic state canvasser 1880-1883; Democratic nominee for Congress in 1882, and was seated May 5, 1884, after contesting the claims of John Paul; was reelected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty- second, and Fifty-third Congresses, and served from May 5, 1884, to March 3, 1895; governor of the state of Virginia January 1, 1894, to January 1, 1898; died in Richmond, Va., September 22, 1905. Ogden, Aaron, a Senator from New Jersey; born in Elizabeth town, N. J., December 3, 1756; was graduated from Nassau Hall (Princeton) in 1773; served in the Revolutionary army; studied law and was admitted to the bar; presidential elector in 1800; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Schureman, and served from February 26, 1801, to March 3, 1803; governor of New Jersey in 1812; died in Jersey City, N. J., April 19, 1839. Ogden, David A., a Representative from New York; born in Morristown, N. J., January 10, 1770; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Madrid, N. Y. ; member of the state house of representatives 1814-1815; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); died in Montreal, Canada, June 9, 1829. Ogden, Henry Warren, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Abingdon, Va., October 21, 1842; moved with parents to Warrensburg, Mo., in 1851; attended the common schools; entered the Confederate service and served through the war; first lieutenant of company D, sixteenth Missouri infantry, and afterwards on the staff of Brigadier- General Lewis, second brigade, Parsons's division of Missouri infantry; paroled at Shreveport on the 8th of June, 1865; remained in Louisiana and engaged in agricultural pursuits; member of the constitutional convention in 1879 and of the house of representatives 1880; reelected in 1884, and was speaker of the house from 1884 to 1888 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Newton C. Blanchard ; reelected to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty- fifth Congresses, and served from May 12, 1894, to March 3, 1899; died in Benton, La., July 23, 1905. Ogle, Alexander, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Frederick, Md., August 10, 1765; completed preparatory studies; moved to Somerset, Pa.; member of the state legislature 1806-1812; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); died in Somerset, Pa., October 14, 1852. Ogle, Andrew Jackson, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Somerset, Pa., March 25, 1822; completed preparatory studies; elected prothonotary of Somerset county in 1843; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, BIOGEAPHIES. 897 1849-March 3, 1851); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-second Congress; appointed charge" d'af- faires to Denmark January 22, 1852, but died a few days later in Somerset, Pa., Oct. 14, 1852. Ogle, Charles, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Somerset, Pa., in 1798; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Somerset; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843); reflected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, but died in Somer- set, Pa., May 10, 1841, before the assembling of the Oglesby, Richard James, a Senator from Illi- nois; born in Floydsburg, Oldham county, Ky., July 25, 1824; moved with his parents in 1836 to Decatur, 111.; received a limited schooling; studied law and in 1845 was admitted to practice; served in the Mexican war; spent two years mining in California; returned to Illinois; elected a state senator in 1860 and served one session, when he resigned to enter the Union army; colonel of eighth Illinois infantry April 25, 1861; brigadier-general of volunteers March 21, 1862; major general No- vember 29, 1862; resigned May 26, 1884; governor of Illinois 1864-1869; again elected in 1872, but resigned January 13, 1873, having been elected to the United States Senate; served in the Senate from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1879; died in Elk- hart, 111., April 24, 1899. O'Grady, James M. E., a Representative from New York; born in Rochester, N.Y., MarchSl, 1863; attended the Rochester schools ; was graduated from the University of Rochester in 1885; admitted to the bar in the fall of 1885; school commissioner of the city of Rochester 1887-1892; member of the state assembly 1893-1898, and speaker of the assembly 1897-1898; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901). O'Hara, James E., a Representative from North Carolina; born in New York City February 26, 1844; pursued an academic course; studied law in North Carolina and at Howard university; ad- mitted to the bar in June, 1871; engrossing clerk in the constitutional convention of North Carolina in 1868; also in the legislature of 1868-1869; member of the state constitutional convention of 1875; chairman of the board of commissioners for the county of Halifax 1872-1876; claimed to have been elected to the Forty-sixth Congress, but the cer- tificate of election was given to William H. Kitchin; elected as a Republican to the Forty- eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883- March 3, 1887); died in Newbern, N. C., Sep- tember 16, 1905. Ohliger, Lewis P., a Representative from Ohio; born in Rheinpfalz, Bavaria, January 3, 1843; emigrated to America in October, 1854, and located in Canton, Ohio, in 1857; moved to Wooster, Ohio, and engaged in the wholesale drug and grocery business; elected county treasurer in 1875 and 1877; Democratic presidential elector in 1884; appointed postmaster of Wooster in November, 1885, and served until February, 1890; appointed a trustee of the Wooster and Lodi railway; delegate to the Democratic national convention of 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John G. Warwick, and served from December 5, 1892, to March 3, 1893; internal-revenue collector of the Cleveland, Ohio, district 1893-1898. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 57 Olcott, Jacob Van Vechten, a Representative from New York; born in New York City May 17, 1856; attended the public schools, the College of the City of New York, and Columbia college law school, and was graduated from the latter in May, 1877; was admitted to the bar May 17, 1877, and commenced practice in New York City; member of the board of civil-service commissioners of New York City 1895, 1896, and 1897; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); re- sumed the practice of law in New York City. Olcott, Simeon, a Senator from New Hamp- shire; born in Bolton, Conn., October 1, 1735; was graduated from Yale college in 1761; studied law, and began practice in Charlestown, N. H.; ap- pointed chief justice of the court of common pleas in 1784; judge of the superior court in 1790, and in 1795 chief judge of the court; elected as a Feder- alist to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel Livermore and served from June 17, 1801, to March 3, 1805; died in Charlestown, N. H., February 22, 1815. Oldneld, William Allan, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Franklin, Izard county, Ark., February 4, 1874; attended the common schools of the county and was graduated from Arkansas col- lege, Batesville, in 1896; studied law; was admitted to the bar; elected prosecuting attorney in Septem- ber, 1902, and reelected in 1904; enlisted as a pri- vate in Company M, second regiment Arkansas infantry, war with Spain; was promoted to first sergeant of the same company, and later to first lieutenant, and was mustered put with that rank in March, 1899; elected to the Sixty-first and Sixty- second Congresses (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1913). Olds, Edson Baldwin, a Representative from Ohio; native of Vermont; completed preparatory studies, was graduated from the medical de- partment of the university of Pennsylvania in 1829, and practiced medicine in Circleville, Ohio; served several years as a member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, and Thirty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1855); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-fourth Congress; arrested for disloyalty and imprisoned in Fort Lafayette in 1862; while in prison was elected a member of the Ohio state house of representatives, was released from prison and served; member and presiding officer of the Ohio state senate; died in Lancaster, Ohio, January 24, 1869. Olin, Abram Baldwin, a Representative from New York; born in Shaftsbury, Vt., September 1, 1812; was graduated from Williams college, Massa- chusetts, in 1835; studied law, was admitted to the bar and in 1838 began practice in Troy, N. Y.; held several local offices; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1863); judge of the supreme court of the District of Colum- bia 1863-1878; died in Washington, D. C., July 7, 1879. Olin, Gideon, a Representative from Vermont; born in East Greenwich, R. I., October 22, 1743; moved to Vermont; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; for several terms a member of the state house of representatives and served one term as speaker; judge of the Bennington county court; elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses (March 4, 1803- 898 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOKY. March 3, 1807); died in Shaftsbury, Vt., August 6, 1822. Olin, Henry, a Representative from Vermont; born in Shaftsbury, Vt., May 6, 1768; attended common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced; moved to Leicester, Vt., in 1788; member of the state house of repre- sentatives for several terms, 1799-1825; delegate to the state constitutional conventions of 1814, 1822, and 1828; associate judge of the Addison county court 1801-1806 and 1810-1824; elected to the Eighteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Charles Rich, and served from Decem- ber 13, 1824, to March 3, 1825; died in Salisbury, Vt., August 16, 1837. Oliver, Addison Samuel, a Representative from Iowa; born in Washington county, Pa., May 4, 1833; was graduated from Washington college in 1850; moved to Arkansas, where he taught school; returned to Pennsylvania, studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in 1857 in western Iowa; member of the Iowa state house of representatives in 1863 and the state senate in 1865; elected judge of the fourth judicial circuit in 1868 and twice reelected; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); became a resident of Ona- wa, Iowa, with winter residence in Loma Linda, Cal. ; died in Onawa, Iowa, July 7, 1912. Oliver, Andrew, a Representative from New York; born in Springfield, N. Y.; January 16, 1815; was graduated from Union college in 1835; studied law, was admitted to the bar and in 1838 began practice in Penn Yan, N. Y.; judge of the court of common pleas 1843-1847; elected judge of the surrogate and county courts in 1846; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857); de- feated as the American candidate for reelection to the Thirty-fifth Congress; county judge and surro- gate 1872-1877; died in Penn Yan, N. Y., March 6, 1889. Oliver, George Tenner, a Senator from Penn- sylvania; born in Ireland, during a visit of his parents abroad, January 26, 1848; was graduated from Bethany college, West Virginia, in 1868; studied law, was admitted to the bar of Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, in 1871, and practiced for over ten years in Pittsburgh, Pa.; retired from practice in 1881 and engaged in steel manufactur- ing until 1891, when he disposed of his manufactur- ing interests; engaged in newspaper publication in 1900; published the Pittsburgh Gazette-Times and Pittsburgh Chronical-Telegraph; president of the Pittsburgh central board of education 1881-1884; presidential elector in 1884; delegate to the Repub- lican national convention of 1904; declined the appointment to the United States Senate in 1904 to succeed Matthew Stanley Quay, deceased; was elected United States Senator, March 17, 1909, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Philander C. Knox; was reelected for the full term of six years, beginning March 4, 1911. Oliver, Mordecai, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Anderson county, Ky., October 22, 1819; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1842 began practice in Richmond, Mo.; circuit attorney for the fifth judicial circuit in 1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857). Oliver, William M., a Representative from New York; native of Springfield, N. Y.; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Penn Yan ; appointed first judge of the court of common pleas tor Yates county in 1823, and reappointed in 1838; state senator and lieutenant governor in 1830; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843). Olmsted, Marlin Edgar, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Ulysses township, Potter county, Pa.; attended the common schools and Coudersport academy; assistant corporation clerk and promoted to corporation clerk in charge of collection of taxes from corporations under Penn- sylvania's revenue system; studied law in Harris- burg and was admitted to the bar of Dauphin county November 25, 1878; elected to represent Dauphin county in the proposed constitutional convention in 1891; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. O'Neall, John Henry, a Representative from Indiana; born in Newberry, S. C., October 30, 1837; attended country schools, and was graduated from the Indiana state university in 1862; read law and was admitted to the bar; was graduated from the law department of Michigan university in 1864; located in Washington, Ind., the same year; represented Daviess county in the state legislature in 1866; appointed prosecuting attorney for the eleventh judicial circuit in 1873; elected to the office in 1874, but resigned before his term was completed; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); resumed the practice of law in Washington, Ind.; died there July 15, 1907. O'Neil, Joseph Henry, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Fall River, Mass., March 23, 1853; one year later his parents moved to Boston; attended the common schools; member of the Boston school committee, 1874-1878; member of the Massachusetts house of representatives 1878- 1882 and 1883-1884; member of the board of direc- tors for public institutions for five years, was chair- man of the board the last eighteen months;. city clerk of Boston, 1887-1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1895); ap- pointed assistant treasurer of the United States at Boston by President Cleveland; president of the Federal Trust company of Boston. O'Neill, Charles, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 21, 1821; was graduated from Dickinson college; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced ; member of the state house of representatives 1850- 1852 and 1860; of the state senate in 1853; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty- ninth, Fortieth, and Forty -first Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1871); and reelected to the Forty- third and to the ten succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1873, until his death in Philadelphia, Pa., November 25, 1893. O'Neill, John, a Representative from Ohio; born in Philadelphia, Pa,, December 17, 1821; was graduated from St. John's college, Maryland, studied law, was admitted to the bar and in 1842 began practice ; moved to Muskingum county, Ohio, in 1844; elected prosecuting attorney of Muskin- BIOGKAPHIES. 899 gum county in 1845; held various county offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865); died in Zanesville, Ohio, May 25, 1905. O'Neill, John Joseph, a Representative from Missouri; born in St. Louis, Mo., June 25, 1846, of Irish parents; attended the commons chools; en- gaged in manufacturing; elected to the state legis- lature from St. Louis in 1872, and reelected in 1874 and 1876; elected to the municipal assembly in 1879 and 1881; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty- second Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889, and March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); contested the election of Charles F. Joy in the Fifty- third Con- gress, and was seated April 3, 1894; resumed the practice of law; died in St. Louis, Mo., February 19, 1898. O'Reilly, Daniel, a Representative from New York; born in Limerick, Ireland, June 3, 1838; pursued an academic course; came to the United States with his parents in July, 1856, and settled in Brooklyn, N. Y. ; member of the Brooklyn board of aldermen 1873-1875 and 1878-1879; elected as an Independent Democrat to the Forty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); died in Bay- ville, L. I., September 23, 1911. , Ormsby, Stephen, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Ireland in 1759; came to Philadel- phia when a boy; pursued classical studies; studied law; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Danville, Ky.; judge of the cir- cuit court; elected to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); defeated for reelection to the Thirteenth Congress by John Simpson, who was soon afterwards killed; elected to the Thir- teenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Simpson; reelected to the Fourteenth Congress, and served from May 24, 1813, to March 3, 1817; died in Jefferson county, Ky., in the spring of 1844. Orr, Alexander Dalrymple, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Loudoun county, Va., in 1765; moved to Mason county, Ky.; received a limited schooling; served as a member of the state house of representatives in 1792; elected to the Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1797); died in Paris, Ky., June 21, 1835. Orr, Benjamin, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Bedford, N. H., December 1, 1772; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1798; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1801 began practice in Topsham, Me.; moved to Brunswick; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); died in Bruns- wick, Me., September 5, 1828. Orr, Jackson, a Representative from Iowa; born in Washington Courthouse, Ohio, September 21, 1832; completed preparatory studies; moved to Iowa and served as captain in the tenth Iowa infantry in the Union army, August 15, 1861, to August 8, 1863; member of the state legislature in 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); moved to Denver, Colo., and practiced law. Orr, James Lawrence, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Claytpnville, S. C., May 12, 1822; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1843 began practice in Anderson, S. C.; engaged in newspaper work; member of the state house of representatives in 1844; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first, Thirty -second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1859); was speaker of the House of Representatives in the Thirty-fifth Congress; served in the Con- federate congress; elected governor of South Caro- lina as a Republican; United States circuit judge; delegate to the Republican national convention in Philadelphia in 1864; minister to Russia; died in St. Petersburg, Russia, May 6, 1873. Orr, Robert, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Westmoreland county, Pa., in 1785: attended the public schools; served in the war or 1812; served two terms as a member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829); died in Kittanning, Pa., May 29, 1876. A Orth, Godlove Steiner, a Representative from Indiana; born in Lebanon, Pa., April 22, 1817; at- tended the Gettysburg college, Pennsylvania; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Indiana; member of the state senate in 1843-1848, and served one year as presi- dent; presidential elector in 1848; member of the peace conference in 1861; served as captain of a company of volunteers during the Civil war; elected to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, For- tieth, Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1871), and reelected to the Forty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); appointed minister to Vienna; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); died in Lafayette, Ind., December 16, 1882. Osborne. Thomas Ward, a Senator from Florida; born in Scotch Plains, N. J., March 9, 1836; moved with his parents to New York in 1842, and located in Wilna; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; entered the Union army as captain in 1861; served until the close of the war; attained the rank of colonel; located in Florida, and resumed the practice of law; held several local offices; moved to Pensacola; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from June 18, 1868, to March 3, 1873; died in New York City December 18, 1898. Osborne, Edwin Sylvanus, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Bethany, Pa., August 7, 1839; attended the University of Northern Pennsylvania and the New York State and Na- tional law school ; was graduated in 1860; practiced law in Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; served in the Union army during the war; held the rank of major- general, and was commander of the Department of Pennsylvania, Grand Army of the Republic, in 1883; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1891); died in Washington, D. C., Jan- uary 1, 1900; interment in the Arlington national cemetery. Osborne, John Eugene, a Representative from Wyoming; born in Westport, Essex county, N. Y., June 9, 1858; was graduated from the high school of Westport; studied medicine, and was graduated from the University of Vermont in the class of 1880; moved to Rawlins, Wyo., and engaged 900 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. in the practice of medicine; later engaged in raising live stock upon the open range; elected in 1883 to the Wyoming territorial legislature; chair- man of the territorial penitentiary building com- mission in 1888; mayor of the city of Rawlins the eame year; an alternate in the Democratic national convention of 1892; governor of Wyoming in 1893; renominated but declined; member of the bimetal- lic Democratic national committee for the State of Wyoming in 1895; chairman of the Wyoming dele- gation in the national convention in Chicago in 1896; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty -fifth Con- fress (March 4, ISS^March 3, 1891); engaged in anking and stock raising, Rawlins, Wyo. Osborne, Thomas Burr, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Fairfield, Conn., July 8, 1798; was graduated from Yale college in 1817; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Fairfield, Conn.; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); moved to New Haven, Conn., in 1848, and was a professor in the Yale law school; died in New Haven, Conn., September 2, 1869. Osgood, Gayton Pickman, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Salem, Mass., July 4, 1797; was graduated from Harvard college in 1815; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Salem; moved to North Andover in 1819; member of the state house of representatives 1829-1831; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); died in Andover, Mass., June 26, 1861. Osgood, Samuel, a Delegate from chusetts; born in Andover, Mass., February 3, 1748; was graduated from Harvard college in 1770; studied theology; served several years as a member of the state house of representatives; member of the Provincial congress; entered the Revolution- ary army as captain and left the service as colonel and assistant quartermaster; Delegate from Massa- chusetts in the Continental Congress 1780-1784; first commissioner of the United States Treasury 1785-1789; Postmaster-General 1789-1791; moved to New York City; member of the state house of representatives 1800-1802; supervisor of New York 1801-1803; naval officer at the port of New York, where he died August 12, 1813. Osmer, John H., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in England, January 22, 1833; emigrated to America with his parents when a email boy and located in Harrisburg, Pa. ; moved to Center county, Pa., a few years later; received a limited schooling; pursued an academic course; began the study of law in 1856 and in 1858 was ad- mitted to the bar and began practicing in Elmira N. Y.; moved to Franklin county, Pa., in 1865; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); delegate to the Republican national convention of 1876; re- sumed the practice of law in Franklin, Pa. Otero, Mariano S., a Delegate from New Mex- ico; born in Peralta, Valencia county, N. Mex., August 29, 1844; attended the University of St. Louis, Mp.; engaged in commercial pursuits and stock raising; probate judge 1871-1879; nominated by the Democratic convention as Delegate to the Forty-fourth Congress, but declined; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); died in Albuquerque, Berna- lillo county, N. Mex., February 1, 1904. Otero, Miguel Antonio, a Delegate from New Mexico; born in Valencia, N. Mex., June 21, 1829; was graduated from St. Louis university, Missouri; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1852 began practice in Albuquerque, N. Mex. ; member of the territorial house of representatives; declined the appointment of district attorney; attorney gen- eral for the territory; elected a Delegate to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1861). Otey, Peter Johnson, a Representative from Virginia; born in Lynchburg, Va., December 22, 1840; attended the Virginia military institute and was graduated July 1, 1860; while a cadet he par- ticipated in the defense of Virginia in the John Brown raid ; entered the profession of engineering on the Virginia & Kentucky railroad; in April, 1861, he joined the Confederate army and remained in the infantry until the close of the war; organized and built the Lynchburg & Durham railroad; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty- fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1895, until his death in Lynchburg, Va., May 4, 1902. Otis, Harrison Gray, a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., October 8, 1765; was graduated from Harvard col- lege in 1783; studied law; in 1786 was admitted to the bar and began practice in Boston; served sev- eral years as a member of the state house of repre- sentatives and three years as speaker; was state senator 1805-1813 and served as its president; elected as a Federalist to the Fifth and Sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1801); district attorney for Massachusetts; member of the Hart- ford convention of 1814; judge of the court of com- mon pleas 1814-1818; overseer of Harvard college 1810-1823; fellow of Harvard 1823-1825; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1817, to May 30, 1822, when he re- signed ; defeated as the Federal candidate for gov- ernor of Massachusetts in 1823; mayor of Boston 1829-1832; died in Boston, Mass., October 28, 1848. Otis, John, a Representative from Maine; born in Leeds, Me., August 3, 1801; was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1823; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar, and began practice in Hallowell, Me.; served several years in both branches of the state legislature; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); died in Hallowell, Me., October 17, 1856. Otis, John Grant, a Representative from Kan- sas; born near Danby, Rutland county, Vt., Feb- ruary 10, 1838 ; pursued an academic course at Burr seminary, Manchester, Vt.; attended Williams col- lege, Massachusetts, and Harvard law school; ad- mitted to the bar of Rutland county, Vt., in the spring of 1859; moved to Topeka, Kans., in May, 1859; served in the second regiment of volunteers at the time of the Price raid; engaged in the dairy business; state agent of the grange from 1873 to 1875, and the state lecturer from 1889 to 1891; elected as the People's Party candidate to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893). Otis, Norton Prentiss, a Representative from New York; born in Halifax, Vt., March 18, 1840; attended the public schools of Albany and Yonkers, N. Y.; connected with manufacturing in various capacities; elected mayor of Yonkers, N. Y., in 1880; elected to the state assembly in 1883; presi- BIOGRAPHIES. 901 dent of the New York state commission to the Paris exposition of 1900; president of St. John's riverside hospital, of Yonkers; defeated for Congress in 1900; elected to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1905); died in Yonkers, N. Y., February 20, 1905. Otis, Samuel Allyne, a Delegate from Massa- chusetts; born in Barnstable, Mass., November 24, 1740; was graduated from Harvard college in 1759; became a merchant in Boston; state representative in 1776, 1784-1787; member of the board of war 1776 ; collector of clothing for the Continental army in 1777; member of the Massachusetts constitu- tional convention; took an active part in Revolu- tionary affairs ; Delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress 1787-88; for thirty years sec- retary of the United States Senate from its first ses- sion in 1789, and died, while holding the position, in Washington, D. C., April 22, 1814. Otjen, Theobald, a Representative from Wis- consin; born in West China, St. Clair county, Mich., October 27, 1851; attended the Marine City (Mich.) academy and a private school in Detroit; employed as foreman in the rolling mill of the Mil- waukee Iron company in Milwaukee 1870-1872; was graduated from the law department of the Uni- versity of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, March 25, 1875; admitted to the bar at Ann Arbor; practiced law in Detroit until the fall of 1883, when he moved to Milwaukee; member of the common council of the city of Milwaukee in 1887; reelected for three suc- cessive terms and served seven years in all; trustee of the Milwaukee public library 1887-1891 ; trustee of the public museum 1891-1894; candidate for comptroller of the city in April, 1892, but defeated; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty- fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1907); defeated for the Sixtieth Congress; resumed the practice of law in Milwaukee, Wis. Oury, Granville H., a Delegate from Ari- zona; born in Abingdon, Va., March 12, 1825; moved to Missouri in 1836; commenced the study of law in 1846 and was admitted to the bar in Bowl- ing Green, Mo., in 1848; moved to Texas the same year, and in 1849 removed to California and engaged in mining; took up his residence in Arizona in 1856; commenced the practice of law in 1865; elected to the territorial legislature in 1866, 1873, and 1875; elected speaker of the house the first two sessions; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sev^ enth and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881- March 3, 1885). Outhwaite, Joseph Hodson, a Representative from Ohio; born in Cleveland, Ohio, December 5, 1841; attended the public schools of Zanesville, Ohio; taught two years in the high school of that city; principal of a grammar school in Columbus, Ohio, three years; read law while teaching and was admitted to the bar in 1866 ; practiced law from 1867 to 1871 at Osceola, Mo.; elected prosecuting attorney of Franklin county, Ohio, in 1874, and again in 1876; trustee of the County children's home 1879-1883; trustee of the sinking fund of the city of Columbus in 1883; reappointed in 1884 for a term of five years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1895); appointed a member of the commission to codify the laws of the United States; civilian mem- ber of the board of ordnance and fortifications 1895- 1899; died in Columbus, Ohio, December 9, 1907. Outlaw, David, a Representative from North Carolina; native of Bertie county, N. C.; was gradu- ated from the North Carolina university in 1824; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in Windsor, N. C.; served three years as a member of the state house of representatives; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Thir- tieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1853); defeated for the Thirty-third Congress. Outlaw, George, a Representative from North Carolina; native of Bertie county, N. C.; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar and practiced; elected a member of the house of commons; member of the state legislature in 1796-1797, and of the senate 1802, 1806-1808, 1810-1814, 1817, 1821, and 1822; elected to the Eighteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Hutchins G. Burton, and served from January 19, 1825, to March 3, 1825; died August 15, 1835. Overman, Lee Slater, a Senator from North Carolina; born in Salisbury, Rowan county, Jan- uary 3, 1854; was graduated from Trinity college, North Carolina, June, 1874; taught school two years; private secretary to Governor Zebulon B. Vance in 1877-1878, and private secretary to Governor Thomas J. Jarvis in 1879; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Salisbury, N. C., in 1880; member of the legisla- ture, sessions of 1883, 1885, 1887, 1893, and 1901; choice of the Democratic caucus for speaker in 1887, and defeated by one vote; speaker of the house of representatives, session of 1893; president of the North Carolina railroad company in 1894; choice of the Democratic caucus for United States Senator in 1895, and defeated; president of the Democratic state convention in 1900; president of the Salisbury savings bank; member of the board of trustees of the state university; chosen presi- dential elector for the state at large in 1900; elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1903; reelected in 1909 for the term ending March 3, 1915. Over-street, James, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Barn well district, S. C., February 11, 1773; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; held several local offices; elected to the Six- teenth and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1823); died near Salisbury, N. C., May 24, 1822; interment in China Grove, N. C. Overstreet, James Whetstone, a Represent- ative from Georgia; born in Screven county, Ga., August 28, 1866; attended the public schools, and was graduated from Mercer university, Mercer, Ga., in 1888; studied law in Augusta, and was admitted to the bar in April, 1892; served one term in the legislature; member of the Democratic state executive committee in 1905-1906; in Decem- ber, 1902, was appointed judge of the city court of Sylvania, Ga.; resigned October 1, 1906; and on October 3 was elected to the Fifty-ninth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Rufus E. Lester, and served from December 3, 1906, to March 4, 1907; resumed the practice of law in Sylvania, Ga. Overstreet, Jesse, a Representative from Indiana; born in Franklin, Ind., December 14, 1859; was graduated from the Franklin high school in 1877, and from Franklin college in 1882; studied 902 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. law under the direction of his father and in 1886 was admitted to the bar and began practice in Franklin; served as member of the Republican state central committee of Indiana in the campaign of 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1907); defeated for election to the Sixty-first Congress; died in Indianapolis, Ind., May 27, 1910; interment in Columbus, Ind. Overton, Edward, jr., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Towanda, Pa., February 4, 1836; was graduated from Princeton college in 1856; studied law and was admitted to the bar in May, 1858; practiced in Towanda; entered the Union Army in September, 1861, as major of the fiftieth regiment of Pennsylvania volunteers; promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1863, and from that time com- manded the regiment until mustered out October, 1864; served as register in bankruptcy from 1867 until 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty- fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877- March 3, 1881); died in Towanda, Pa., September 18, 1903. Overton, Walter Hampden, a Representative from Louisiana; born near Louisa Courthouse, Va., in 1783; moved with his father to North Carolina in infancy, and to Tennessee in 1801; attended the public schools; entered the army May 3, 1808, as first lieutenant of the seventh infantry; captain December 3, 1810; promoted February 21, 1814, to be major of the third rifles; transferred to the artil- lery corps May 17, 1815; breve tted lieutenant colonel December 23, 1814, "for gallant conduct in the battle of New Orleans, La."; resigned October 31, 1815; located in Louisiana and engaged in plant- ing; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); died near Alexandria, La., January 4, 1846. Owen, Allen Ferdinand, a Representative from Georgia; born in Wilkes county, N. C., Octo- ber 31, 1816; moved to Talbotton, Ga.; attended the common schools; held several local offices; ejected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); consul general to Habana; died in Talbotton, Ga., April 7, 1865. Owen, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Alabama; born in Brunswick county, Va., in 1798; completed preparatory studies; moved to Mobile, Ala., and was mayor; elected to the Eight- eenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses {March 4, 1823-March 3, 1829); collector of the port of Mobile in 1829; died in Mobile, Ala., August 18, 1837. Owen, James, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Bladen county, N. C., December 7, 1784; received a limited schooling; member of the state house of representatives 1808-1811; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819) ; died in Wilmington, N. C., September 4, 1865. Owen, Robert Dale, a Representative from Indiana; born in Glasgow, Scotland, November 9, 1801; pursued classical studies; came to the United States with his parents in 1823 and located in New Harmony, Ind., and aided in the establishment of a social community; was editor of the Free En- quirer, published in New York 1828-1831; returned to New Harmony in 1832; member of the state house of representatives 1835-1838; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); defeated for reelection to the Thirtieth Congress; appointed charge 1 d'affaires at Naples in 1853, and minister 1855-1858; died in his summer home on Lake George, June 25, 1877. Owen, Robert Latham, a Senator form Okla- homa; born in Lynchburg, Va., February 2, 1856; attended private schools in Lynchburg, Va., and Baltimore, Md., and was graduated from Washing- ton and Lee university, Lexington, Va., in 1877; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Virginia and Oklahoma; member of the Demo- cratic national committee, 1892-1896; vice chair- man of the Democratic campaign committee in Oklahoma in 1906; nominated June 8, 1907, as the choice of the Democracy of Oklahoma for the United States Senate in a state- wide primary; appointed, and subsequently elected to the United States Senate, and began service December 11, 1907; term to expire, under the election, March 3, 1913. Owen, William Dale, a Representative from Indiana; born in Bloomington, Ind., September 6, 1846; attended the Indiana state university in 1865, and entered upon the study of law; relin- quished law for the ministry; pastor of a Christian church until 1878; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); secretary of state in 1894. Owens, George Welshman, a Representative from Georgia; born in Savannah, Ga., August 29, 1786; attended school in Harrow, England, and was graduated from the University of Cambridge; studied law in the office of Mr. Chitty, in London; returned to Savannah, Ga., was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Savannah; elected as a Unionist to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); died in Savannah, Ga., March 2, 1856. Owens, James W., a Representative from Ohio; born in Springfield township, Franklin county, Ind., October 24, 1837; entered Miami university, Oxford, Ohio, in 1859, and was graduated in 1862; studied law, was admitted to the bar and prac- ticed; enlisted in the Union Army as private in the twentieth Ohio volunteer infantry, and served during the first three months' service; reenlisted and was made first lieutenant company A, eighty- sixth Ohio volunteer infantry, and on the reorgan- ization of that regiment was made captain of company K; attended law school in Ann Arbor, Mich.; elected prosecuting attorney of Licking county in 1867, and reelected in 1869; elected to the state senate in 1875 and 1877; was president of the senate; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893); died in Norwalk, Ohio, March 30, 1900. Owens, William Claiborne, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Scott county, Ky., October 17, 1849; was graduated from the law department of Columbia college, 'New York, in 1872; elected county attorney for Scott county in 1874, and re- signed in 1877; served five terms in the Kentucky legislature, one term as speaker of the house of representatives; Democratic elector in 1880, and delegate to the Chicago convention in 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897). BIOGRAPHIES. 903 Owsley, Bryan Young, a Representative from Kentucky; born near Crab Orchard, Ky., August 19, 1798; attended the schools of Lincoln county; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Jamestown, Ky., and was clerk of the circuit court in 1827; presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1840; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841- March 3, 1845); register of the United States land office with residence in Frankfort, 1845-1849; died in Frankfort, Ky., October 27, 1849. Paca, William, a Delegate from Maryland; born in Wye Hall, Harford county, Md.; October 31, 1740; was graduated from Philadelphia college in 1759; studied law in Annapolis, Md., and in the Middle Temple, London, England, and was ad- mitted to the bar; returned home and began prac- tice in Annapolis; member of the provincial assem- bly 1771-1774; Delegate in the Continental Con- gress 1774-1779; signer of the Declaration of Inde- pendence; state senator 1777-1779; chief justice of Maryland 1778-1780; chief justice of the court of appeals 1780-1782; governor of Maryland 1782- 1786; was influential in establishing Washington college in Chestertown, Md., in 1786; delegate to the state convention in 1788; United States judge for the district of Maryland from 1789 to 1799; died in "Wye Hall," Queen Anne county, Md., Octo- ber 23. 1799. Pacheco, Romualdo, a Representative from California; born in Santa Barbara, Cal., October 31, 1831; was instructed by private tutors; engaged in nautical pursuits, subsequently in agriculture; member of the state senate in 1851 and again in 1861; member of state house of representatives in 1853-1855 and 1868-1870; county judge 1855-1859; state treasurer 1863-1866; lieutenant-governor in 1871-1875; became governor when Governor Booth was elected to the United States Senate in 1875; nominated on the Republican ticket for the Forty- fifth Congress and received the certificate of elec- tion and served from March 4, 1877, to February 7, 1878, when he was succeeded by Peter D. Wig- ginton, who contested his election; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); minister to Guatemala under President Harrison and re- tired in 1893; died in Oakland, Cal., January 23, 1899. Packard, Jasper, a Representative from Indi- ana; born in Austintown, Mahoning county, Ohio, February 1, 1832; accompanied his parents to Indiana in 1835; was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1855; taught school; located in Laporte, Ind.; studied law, and in 1861 admitted to the bar; entered the Union Army; private in forty-eighth Indiana infantry October 24, 1861; first lieutenant January 1, 1862; captain September 12, 1862; lieutenant colonel one hundred and twenty-eighth Indiana infantry March 17, 1864; colonel June 26, 1865; brevet brigadier general March 13, 1865, "for meritorious service"; mus- tered out April 10, 1866; auditor of Laporte county two years; elected as a Republican to the Forty- first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1879); was commandant of the state soldiers' home, Lafayette, Ind., and died there December 13, 1898. Packer, Asa, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Groton, Conn., December 29, 1805; attended the public schools; moved to Springfield, Pa., in 1820; learned the trade of a carpenter; moved to Mauch Chunk, Pa., in 1833; became interested in the production of coal and in rail- roads; member of the state house of representa- tives 1842-1843; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857); founded the Lehigh uni- versity; delegate to the national Democratic con- vention in New York in 1868; died in Philadel- phia, Pa., May 17, 1879. Packer, Horace Billings, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Wellsboro, Pa., Octo- ber 11, 1851; attended the Wellsboro academy and Alfred university, New York; studied law; was admitted to the bar of Tioga county, August 26, 1873; district attorney 1875-1879; elected to the state house of representatives in 1884, and re- elected in 1886; state senator 1888-1892; presided over the Republican state conventions of 1893 and 1894; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901). Packer, John Black, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Sunbury, Pa., March 21, 1824; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Sunbury; district attorney 1845-1847; served in the state legislature of Pennsylvania 1850-1851; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first. Forty-second, Forty- third, and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1877); declined a renomination ; died in Sunbury, Pa., July 7, 1891. Paddock, Algernon Sidney, a Senator from Nebraska; born in Glens Falls, Warren county, N. Y., November 9, 1830; pursued an academic course; studied law; moved to Nebraska in 1857 and was admitted to the bar and practiced in Omaha; appointed territorial secretary by Presi- dent Lincoln in 1861, which office he held until the state was admitted into the Union in 1867; per- formed the duties of acting governor part of this time; located in Beatrice, Nebr.; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1881; appointed a member of the Utah commission 1882-1886; again elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1887, to March 3, 1893; died in Beatrice, Nebr., October 17, 1897. Padgett, Lemuel Phillips, a Representative from Tennessee; bom November 28, 1855, in Columbia, Tenn.; attended private schools of the county and was graduated from Erskine college, Due West, S. C., in 1876; began the study of law in September, 1876, and was admitted to the bar in March, 1877; began practice in Columbia, Tenn., in January, 1879; Democratic presidential elector in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the state senate in 1898 and served during the term; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3,1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Page, Carroll Smalley, a Senator from Ver- mont; born in Westfield, Vt., January 10, 1843; pursued an academic course; engaged in business in Hyde Park, Vt.; president of the Lamoille county savings bank and trust company and of the Lamoille county national bank, both of Hyde Park; director of the S wanton savings bank and trust company, of Swanton, Vt., and of several other corporations; state representative 1869-1872, and state senator 1874-1876; member of the Re- 904 CONGKESSIONAL DIEECTORY. publican state committee 1872-1890, and chairman 1886-1890; delegate in the Republican national convention in 1880; savings bank examiner 1884- 1888; governor of the state 1890-1892; elected to the United States Senate October 21, 1908, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Redfield Proctor, for the term ending March 3, 1911, and reelected for the term ending March 3, 1917. Page, Charles Harrison, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Gloucester, Provi- dence county, R. I., July 19, 1843; attended the public schools; enlisted in the Union Army as a private in company A, twelfth regiment Rhode Island volunteers; mustered out July 29, 1863; went to Illinois and resumed studies in the Illinois state normal school at Bloomington and the South- ern Illinois college at Carbondale; returned to Rhode Island in 1869; taught school in Scituate until the spring of 1870, when he entered the law department of the University of Albany, N. Y., and was graduated in 1871; admitted to the bar the same year; returned to Rhode Island and was admitted to the bar of that state in 1872; member of the state house of representatives 1872-1873; state senator in 1874 and 1875, 1884-1885, and 1890; candidate for attorney-general in 1879; member of the National Democratic conventions of 1880, 1884, and 1888; nominated for Congress in 1884, and, after a contest, the seat was declared vacant; was elected in a special election to the Forty-ninth Congress and served from February 25, 1887, to March 3, 1887; elected to Fifty-second Congress at a special election held February 21, 1891; reelected to the Fifty-third Congress at a special election April 5, 1893; died in Providence, R. I., July 21, 1912. Page, Henry, a Representative from Maryland; born in Princess Anne, Somerset county, Md., June 28, 1841; received preparatory instruction at the school of Anthony Bolivar, West Chester, Pa. ; entered the University of Virginia and remained until the breaking out of the war in 1861 ; major in the Union army; entered upon the study of law, and was admitted to the bar in 1864; began prac- tice in Princess Anne, Somerset county, Md. ; mem- ber of the constitutional convention of 1867; state attorney for Somerset county 1870-1884; elector on the Democratic ticket in 1888; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-second Congress, and served from March 4, 1891, until September 3, 1892, when he resigned to accept a judgeship on the Maryland court of appeals; appointed chief judge of the first judicial district of Maryland in August, 1892; elected to the position in November, 1893, for a term of fifteen years; died in Princess Anne, Md., January 7, 1913. Page, Horace Francis, a Representative from California; born in Orleans county, N. Y., October 20, 1833; attended the public schools; moved to California in 1854; a stage proprietor and mail con- tractor; nominated for the state senate by the Re- publican convention of El Dorado county in 1869, and defeated; elected as a Republican to the Forty- third and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1883); died in San Francisco, Cal., August 23, 1890. Page, John, a Representative from Virginia; born in "Rose well," Gloucester county, Va., April 17, 1744; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1763; delegate in the state consti- tutional convention of 1776; colonel in the Revo- lutionary army; elected as a Democrat to the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1797; governor of Virginia 1802-1805; died in Richmond, Va., October 11, 1808. Page, John, a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Haverhill, N. H., May 21, 1787; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; member of the state legislature several years; served five years as register of deeds for Grafton county; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Isaac Hill, and served from June 8, 1836, to March 3, 1837; several years state councilor; governor of New Hampshire 1840-1842; died in Concord, N. H., September 8, 1865. Page, Mann, a Delegate from Virginia; born in "Rosewell," Gloucester (near Matthews) county, Va., in 1749; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the college of William and Mary; removed to Mansfield, Spottsylvania county; was a Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1777; died in Mansfield, Va. Page, Robert, a Representative from Virginia; born in Virginia in 1764; received a limited school- ing; a member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Federalist to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801); died in Janesville, Va., January 1, 1840. Page, Robert Newton, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Cary, Wake county, N. C., October 26, 1859; attended the Cary high school and Bingham military school; moved to Moore county in 1880, and engaged in the lumber busi- ness; treasurer of the Aberdeen and Asheboro rail- road company; moved to Biscos, Montgomery county in 1897; elected to the legislature of 1901; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911); reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Page, Sherman, a Representative from New York; born in Connecticut May 9, 1799; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; moved to Unadilla, N. Y.; member of the state house of representatives in 1827; judge of the court of common pleas in Otsego county; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); died in Unadilla, N. Y., September 27, 1853. Paige, David Raymond, a Representative from Ohio; born in Madison, Lake county, Ohio, April 8, 1844; was graduated from Union college, Sche- nectady, N. Y., in 1865; engaged in the hardware business in Akron, Ohio; county treasurer four years 1875-1879; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in New York City June 30, 1901. Paine, Elijah, a Senator from Vermont; born in Brooklyn, Conn., January 21, 1757; was grad- uated from Harvard college in 1781; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1784; moved to Windsor, Vt.; practiced law and cultivated a farm ; began a settlement at Williams- town, established a cloth factory, a saw and grist mill; member of the constitutional convention in 1786; member of the state house of representatives 1787-1791; judge of the state supreme court 1791- 1795; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1795, to January, 1801, when he resigned; United States judge of the BIOGRAPHIES. 905 district of Vermont from 1801 until his death in Willismstown, Vt., April 28, 1842. Paine, Ephraim, a Delegate from New York; born in Canterbury, Conn., August 19, 1730; went with parents to Nine Partners, N. Y.; pursued pre- paratory studies; studied medicine and practiced in Amenia, Dutchess county, N. Y.; delegate in the Provincial Congress of 1775; county judge 1778- 1781; member of the council of appointment in 1780; state senator 1780-1784; Delegate in the Con- tinental Congress 1784-1785; died in Amenia, N. Y., August 10, 1785. Paine, Halbert Eleazer, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Chardon, Ohio, February 4, 1826; was graduated from Western Reserve college in 1845; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1848 began practice in Cleveland, Ohio; moved to Milwaukee, Wis., in 1857; entered the Union Army in May, 1861, as colonel of the fourth Wis- consin volunteers; in January, 1863, promoted to the rank of brigadier general, and in the following June lost a leg at Port Hudson; brevetted major general in March and resigned in May, 1865; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth, For- tieth, and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1865- March 3, 1871); died in Washington, D. C., April 7, 1905. Paine, Robert T., a Representative from North Carolina; born in Edenton, Chowan county, N. C., February 18, 1812; attended Trinity college, Conn, studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; member of the state house of commons 1838, 1840, 1844, 1846, and 1848; colonel of a North Caro- lina regiment in the war with Mexico; held several local offices; elected as an American to the Thirty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); moved to Washington county, Texas, in 1859; died in Galveston, Texas, February 8, 1872; Interment in Brenham, Tex. Paine, Robert Treat, a Delegate from Massa- chusetts; born in Boston, Mass., March 11, 1731; was graduated from Harvard college in 1749; studied theology; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Boston; moved to Taunton in 1759; member of the colonial house of representatives in 1773; delegate to the Provincial congress 1774-1775; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1774-1778; signer of the Declaration of Independence; attorney general of Massachusetts 1777-1790; member of the executive council 1779- 1780; delegate to the constitutional convention in 1779; moved to Boston in 1780; judge of the su- preme court of Massachusetts 1790-1804; died in Boston, Mass., May 11, 1814. Paine, William W., a Representative from Georgia; resident of Savannah, Ga.; elected to the Forty-first Congress, upon the readmission of Georgia to representation; qualified under the act of July 6, 1868, and served from January 24, 1871, to March 3, 1871. Palen, Rufus, a Representative from New York; born in Palen ville, Greene county, N. Y., February 25, 1807; moved with parents to Falls- burg, where he received a limited schooling; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); died in New York City, April 26, 1844. Palfrey, John Gorham, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., May 2, 1796; completed preparatory studies in Phillips academy, Exeter, N. H., and was graduated from Harvard college in 1815; studied theology and was ordained minister of Brattle Square Unitarian church, Bos- ton, June 17, 1818; editor of the North American Review 1835-1843; state representative 1842-43; secretary of the state of Massachusetts 1844-1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); defeated as the Free Soil candidate for reelection; postmaster of Boston 1861-1867; devoted himself to literary pursuits; died in Cambridge, Mass., April 26, 1881. Palmer, A. Mitchell, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born May 4, 1872; attended the public schools and prepared for college at the Moravian parochial school, Bethlehem, Pa.; was graduated from Swarthmore college in 1891; ap- pointed official stenographer of the forty-third judicial district of Pennsylvania, 1892; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1893, and practiced in Stroudsburg, Pa.; director in the Scranton trust company, Stroudsburg national bank, and other financial and industrial institutions ; member of the Democratic state executive committee of Pennsyl- vania; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Palmer, Beriah, a Representative from New York; native of New York; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; member of the state house of represent- atives 1792-1795; elected to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805). Palmer, Frank Wayland, a Representative from Iowa; born in Manchester, Ind., October 11, 1827; moved with parents to Jamestown, N. Y., in boyhood, and was apprenticed to the Jamestown Journal in 1841; was joint owner and subsequently sole proprietor of the Jamestown Journal 1848- 1858; member of the state assembly for two terms; moved to Dubuque, Iowa, in 1858; editor and one of the proprietors of the Dubuque Times; state printer of Iowa 1861-1869; located in Des Moines in 1861; published and owned the Iowa State Register; elected as a Republican to the Forty- first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1873); moved to Chicago, 111., in 1873, and purchased an interest in the Inter-Ocean and became its editor in chief; postmaster of Chicago 1877-1885; appointed public printer, Government printing office, Washington, D. C., in 1897, and served until September, 1905; died in Chicago, 111., December 3, 1907. Palmer, George W., a Representative from New York; born in Hoosick, N. Y., January 13, 1818; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Plattsburg, N. Y.; held several local offices; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); delegate to the national Republican conven- tion in Baltimore in 1864. Palmer, Henry Wilber, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Clifford, Susquehanna county, Pa., July 10, 1839; attended Wyoming seminary, Kingston, Pa.; Fort Edward institute, Fort Edward, N. Y., and the national law school of Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; was graduated from the last- named institution in 1860; admitted to the bar in Peekskill, N. Y., in 1860; and in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., in 1861; served in the pay department of the 906 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Union Army in the Civil war in New Orleans 1862-63; member of the constitutional convention of Pennsylvania in 1872-73; attorney general of the state 1879-1883; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh, and to the four succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911); died in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., February 15, 1913. Palmer, John, a Representative from New York; born in Hoosick, N. Y., in 1785; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Plattsburg in 1810; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); reelected to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); judge of the Clinton county court; died in Plattsburg, N. Y., December 8, 1840. Palmer, John McAuley, a Senator from Illi- nois; born in Scott county, Ky., September 13, 1817; moved with his father to Christian county, Ky., and to Madison county, 111., in 1831 ; attended the common schools of Kentucky and Illinois, and entered Alton (now Shurtleff) college in 1835, where he remained a year; taught school and studied law 1835-1838; was admitted to the bar in December, 1839, and practiced in Carlinville, 111., 1839-1861; elected probate judge of Macoupin county in 1843 and 1847; member of the state con- stitutional convention of 1847; county judge 1849- 1852; state senator 1852-1854; resigned in 1854, be- came an Independent candidate, and elected in 1855; again resigned in 1856; delegate in the con- vention of 1856 in Philadelphia which nominated John C. Fremont; elector on the Republican ticket in 1860; member of the peace conference in Wash- ington in 1861; served in the Civil war; colonel of the fourteenth Illinois infantry May 25, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers December 20, 1861; major general November 29, 1862; mustered out September 1, 1866; located in Springfield, 111., in 1867; Republican governor of Illinois in 1869- 1873; supported Horace Greeley in 1872 and Sam- uel J. Tilden in 1876; delegate in the national Democratic convention of 1884; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1891, to March 3, 1897 ; resumed the practice of law ; defeated candidate for President as a Gold Demo- crat in 1896; died in Springfield, 111., September 25, 1900. Palmer, Thomas Witherell, a Senator from Michigan; born in Detroit, Mich., January 25, 1830; attended the public schools and Thompson's academy in Palmer, now St. Clair, Mich., and the Michigan university; engaged in many manufac- turing enterprises and in farming; served on the board of estimates of Detroit and as state senator 1879-1880; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1883, to March 3, 1889; appointed United States minister to Spain in 1889 by President Harrison, and two years later resigned; president of the World's Columbian exposition 1890-1893 ; retired to his Wayne county farm near Detroit, Mich. Palmer, William Adams, a Senator from Ver- mont; born in Hebron, Conn., September 12, 1781; completed preparatory studies; studied law in Hebron and Chelsea, Vt., was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Danville, Vt.; served six years as member of the state house of representatives; two years as state senator; several years as clerk of the Caledonia county court; judge of the supreme court 1816-1818; elected to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Fisk, and served from October 20, 1818, to March 3, 1825; delegate to the constitutional con- vention in 1828 and 1835; governor of Vermont 1831-1835; died in Danville, Vt., December 3, 1860. Parke, Benjamin, a Delegate from Indiana Territory; born in New Jersey September 2, 1777; received a limited schooling; moved to Lexington, Ky., in 1797; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; moved to Vincennes, Indiana Territory, in 1801; attorney general of the territory 1804-1808; representative in the first territorial legislature in 1805; elected, as a Democrat, a Delegate to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses, and served from De- cember 12, 1805, to March 1, 1808, when he re- signed; territorial judge 1808-1817; judge of the United States district court for Indiana 1817-1835; died in Salem, Ind., July 12, 1835. Parker, Abraham X., a Representative from New York; born in Granville, Addison county, Vt., November 14, 1831; attended the St. Lawrence academy and the Albany law school; was admitted to the bar in Albany, N. Y., in 1854, and practiced in Potsdam, N . Y. ; served in the New York assembly 1863-1864, and as state senator 1868-1871; elector on the Republican presidential ticket in 1876; secretary of the state normal school at Potsdam; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1889); First Assistant Attorney General September 8, 1890, to March 4, 1893; returned to Potsdam, N. Y., and resumed the practice of law. Parker, Amasa Junius, a Representative from New York; born in Sharon, Conn., June 2, 1807; moved with parents to Hudson, N. Y., in 1816; was graduated from Union college, New York, in 1825; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1828 began practice in Delhi, N. Y.; member of the state assembly 1833-1834; regent of the state university in 1835; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); vice chancellor and circuit judge, third circuit, 1844-1847; justice of the supreme court for the third district 1847-1855; appointed United States attorney for the district of New York in 1859, and was tendered the Russian mission the same year, but declined both; dele- gate in the state constitutional conventions of 1867 and 1868; regent of the University of the state of New York 1835-1844; one of the founders of the Albany, N. Y., law school in 1851; died in Albany, N. Y., May 13, 1890. Parker, Andrew, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Cumberland county, Pa., May 21, 1805; attended the common schools; held sev- eral local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); died in Mifflintown, Pa., January 15, 1864. Parker, Hosea Washington, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Lempster, N. H., May 30, 1833; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1859; member of the New Hampshire state legis- lature 1859-1860; moved to Claremont in 1860 and practiced his profession; delegate to the Demo- cratic national convention of 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875). Parker, Isaac, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Boston, Mass., June 17, 1768; was BIOGRAPHIES. 907 graduated from Harvard college in 1786; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Castine; held several local offices; elected to the Fifth Congress (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1799); United States marshal for the district of Maine; moved to Portland, Me.; chief justice of the su- preme court of Maine 1814-1820; professor of law in Harvard university 1816-1827; died in Boston, Mass., May 26, 1830. Parker, Isaac Charles, a Representative from Missouri; born in Belmont county, Ohio, October 15, 1838; completed preparatory studies; studied law in Barnesville academy, Ohio, and after being admitted to the bar moved to Missouri in 1859 and began practice in St. Joseph; served in the Union Army; city attorney for St. Joseph, Mo., 1862-1864; elected circuit attorney in 1864 and resigned in 1867; elected circuit judge for six years in 1868, but resigned in 1870; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); judge of the United States court for western Arkansas, and served until his death in Fort Smith, Ark., November 17, 1896. Parker, James, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Boston, Mass., in 1768; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine and began practice in Gardiner, Me. (then Massachusetts); elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815); reelected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); died in Gardiner, Me., November 9, 1837. Parker, James, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Bethlehem, N. J., March 3, 1776; was graduated from Columbia College, New York, in 1793; moved to Comeback, N. J., in 1797; served eleven years as a member of the state house of representatives; presidential elector on the Jack- son ticket in 1824; collector of customs at Perth Amboy, N. J., 1829-1833; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -third and Twenty - fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); member of the different boundary commissions to obtain a settlement of the boundary question between New York and New Jersey; delegate to the constitu- tional convention of 1844; died in Perth Amboy, N. J., April 1, 1868. Parker, John, a Delegate from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., January 24, 1749; waa graduated from the Middle Temple, London, Eng- land, in 1775; practiced law in Charleston, S. C.; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1786-1788; died near Charleston, S. C., April 20, 1822. Parker, John Mason, a Representative from New York; born in Granville, N. Y., June 14, 1805; attended Granville academy and was graduated from Middlebury college, Vermont, in 1828; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1833 began practice in Owego, N. Y.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); justice of the su- preme court of New York 1859-1873, and sat as a justice of -the general term of the third department 1867-1873, and as member of the court of appeals; died in Owego, N. Y., December 6, 1873. Parker, Josiah, a Representative from Virginia; born in Macclesfield, Isle of Wight county, Va., May 11, 1751; pursued preparatory studies; mem- ber of the committee of safety in 1775, and of the Virginia convention that held sessions in March, July, and December of that year; commissioned major in the fifth Virginia regiment February 13, 1776; lieutenant colonel July 28, 1777, and colonel April 1, 1778; served under Gen. Charles Lee in Virginia until the fall of 1776, when transferred to Washington's army; rendered distinguished service at the battles of Trenton, Princeton, and the Brandy wine; resigned from the army July 12, 1778; member Virginia house of delegates 1780-1781; naval officer at Portsmouth, Va., 1786; defeated for delegate to the Virginia convention of 1788; elected to the first six Congresses (March 4, 1789- March 3, 1801); died in Macclesfield, Va., March 18, 1810. Parker, Nahum, a Senator from New Hamp- shire; born in Shrewsbury, Mass., March 4, 1760; participated in the Continental army under Gen- eral Gates, and in the battles that resulted in the capture of Burgpyne's forces at Saratoga in 1777; settled in Fitzwifliam, Cheshire county, N. H., in 1786; member of the board of selectmen 1790-1794; clerk and town treasurer 1792-1815; representative in the state legislature 1794-1804 and 1806-1807; member of the governor's council 1804-1805; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1807, to June 1, 1810, when he re- signed; justice of the court of common pleas for Cheshire and Sullivan counties 1807-1813; an asso- ciate justice of the western circuit 1813-1816; judge of the court of sessions, Cheshire county, 1821, and of the court of common pleas, Hillsbor- pugh county, 1822; member of the state senate and its president in 1828; died in Fitzwilliam, N. H., November 12, 1839. Parker, Richard, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Richmond, Va., December 22, 1810; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Berry- ville, Va.; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851) ; elected judge of the thirteenth judicial circuit of Virginia. Parker, Richard Elliott, a Senator from Vir- ginia; born in Rock Spring, Westmoreland county, Va., December 27, 1783; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the state house of represen- tatives several terms; served as colonel of the thirty-fifth Virginia regiment 1812-1814; returned to practice in Westmoreland county; for many years judge of the general court and circuit court of Virginia; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Benjamin W. Leigh, and served from December 12, 1836, to March 13, 1837, when he resigned; elected by the legislature of Virginia one of the judges of the court of appeals, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Dabney Carr; declined the position of attorney general tendered by President Van Buren in 1840 ; died at the "Retreat," Snickersville, Va., Septem- ber 6, 1840. Parker, Richard Wayne, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Newark, N. J., August 6, 1848; was graduated from Princeton college in 1867 and from the law school of Columbian college in 1869; was admitted to the bar of New Jersey in 1870 and practiced in Newark; member of house of as- sembly 1885-1886; unsuccessful Republican can- didate for the Fifty-third Congress; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and to the five suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1905); reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911); resumed the prac- tice of law in Newark, N. J. 908 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. Parker, Samuel W., a Representative from Indiana; born in Jefferson county, N. Y., Septem- ber 9, 1805; was graduated from Miami university, Ohio, in 1828; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Connersville, Ind.; held several local offices; member of the state house of representatives 1836-1841; state's attorney for two years; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851- March 3, 1855); presidential elector 1844-1856. Parker, Severn E., a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of Northampton county, Va. ; received a common school training; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced; held several local offices, and served a number of years as a member of the state house of representatives ; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); died in Northampton county, Va., October 21, 1836. Parker, William. Henry, a Representative from South Dakota; born in Keene, Cheshire county, N. H., May 5, 1847; served in the Union Army from June 24, 1861, to October 16, 1866; resigned from the army while stationed at Fort Kearney, Nebr. T.; was graduated . from the law department of Columbian university (now George Washington), Washington, D. C., in 1868, and was admitted to the bar of the supreme court of the District of Columbia; appointed collector of inter- nal revenue of Colorado Territory by President Grant, June 24, 1874; resigned July, 1876, upon his appointment as assistant United States attorney of Colorado Territory; subsequently appointed United States attorney of Colorado; moved to Deadwood, Dak. T., July, 1877, and practiced law; member of the constitutional convention of the proposed state of South Dakota, June 30, 1885; elected a member of the state house of representa- tives in 1889, and state's attorney of Lawrence county in November 1902, and 1904; was elected to the Sixtieth Congress, and served from March 4, 1907, until his death in Deadwood, S. Dak., June 26, 1908. Parks, Gorham, a Representative from Maine; born in Westfield, Mass., May 27, 1794; was grad- uated from Harvard college in 1813; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Bangor, Me.; held several local offices; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); United States marshal for the district of Maine 1838-1841; United States attorney for the district of Maine in 1843, and resigned in 1845 to become United States consul at Rio Janeiro, which position he held until 1849; died in Bay Ridge, Kings county, N. Y., November 23, 1877. Parmenter, William, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., March 30, 1789; completed preparatory studies; held various local offices; one of the pioneers in the glass indus- try in East Cambridge; organized the New Eng- land Glass company; was president of the Middle- sex bank and filled other positions of trust; elected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty -sixth, Twenty- seventh, and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1845); naval officer at the port of Boston 1845-1849; died in East Cambridge, Mass., February 25, 1866. Parrett, William Fletcher, a Representative from Indiana; born near Blairsville, Posey county, Ind.. August 10, 1825; attended public schools and Asbury (now De Pauw) university in Greencastle, Ind.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Evansville, Ind., until 1852; moved to Oregon, where he practiced law for two years and a half; returned to Evansville in 1854 and moved to Boonville in 1855; Democratic presi- dential elector in 1856; member of the legislature in 1858 and served during the general and special sessions; appointed and subsequently elected judge of the fifteenth circuit and served 1859-1865; re- turned to Evansville; reelected circuit judge for a term of six years in 1865; resigned and was ap- pointed judge of the first circuit and three times elected, 1873-1884; resigned in December, 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first and Fifty- second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893); died in Evansville, Ind., June 30, 1895. Parris, Albion Keith, a Representative from Massachusetts and a Senator from Maine; born in Hebron, Me., January 19, 1788; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1806; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and in 1809 began practice in Paris, Me.; prosecuting attorney of Oxford county in 1811; member of the general court in 1813 and state senator in 1814; elected as a Democrat from the then state of Massachusetts to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses, and .served from March 4, 1815, to February 3, 1818, when he resigned; judge of the district court of the United States, district of Maine, 1818-1820; delegate to the state consti- tutional convention of 1819; judge of probate for Cumberland county 1820-1821 ; governor of Maine five terms, 1822-1827; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1827, to August 26, 1828, when he resigned; judge of the supreme court of Maine 1828-1836; Second Comptroller of the United States Treasury 1836-1850; returned to Portland, Me.; mayor of the city in 1852; declined a reelection; was defeated candidate for governor in 1854; died in Portland, Me., February 11, 1857. Parris, Virgil Delphini, a Representative from Maine; born in Buckfield, Me., February 18, 1807; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Buck- field ; member of the state house of representatives 1833-1838; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fifth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Timothy J. Carter; reelected to the Twenty- sixth Congress and served from May 29, 1838, to March 3, 1841; state senator 1842-1843, a part of the time was president pro tempore and acting gov- ernor of the state; United States marshal for the district of Maine 1844-1848; died in Paris, Me., June 13, 1874. Parrish, Isaac, a Representative from Ohio; native of Ohio; resided in Cambridge; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841); reelected to the Twenty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847). Parrott, John Fabyan, a Representative and a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Portsmouth, N. H., August 8, 1767; attended the. common schools; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1811; held various local offices; defeated as the war candidate for the Thirteenth Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1819, to March 3, 1825; postmaster of Portsmouth, N. H., 1826; died in Greenland, N. H., July 9, 1836. BIOGRAPHIES. 909 Parrott, Marcus Junius, a Delegate from Kan- sas; born in Hamburg, S. C., October 27, 1828; was graduated from Dickinson college, Pennsylvania, in 1849; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Ohio; state representative 1853- 1854; moved to Kansas and located in Leaven- worth; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); died in Dayton, Ohio, October 4, 1879. Parsons, Edward Young, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Middle town, Ky., Decem- ber 12, 1842; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1865 began prac- tice in Henderson, Ky.; moved to Louisville; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1875, until his death in Washington, D. C., July 8, 1876. Parsons, Herbert, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, October 28, 1869; attended private schools in New York City; St. Paul's school, Concord, N. H.; Yale university; the University of Berlin, Germany, and the Har- vard law school; was graduated from Yale in 1890; practiced law in New York City; twice elected alderman of the city of New York, and served four years, 1900-1904; elected to the Fifty-ninth, Six- tieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905- March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in New York City. Parsons, Richard C., a Representative from Ohio; born in New London, Conn., October 10, 1826; pursued classical studies; moved to Ohio in 1846; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1851; held various public offices in Cleveland, Ohio; served several terms in the state house of representatives and one term as speaker; declined the mission to Chile in 1861; ap- pointed consul at Rio Janeiro and resigned in 1862; collector of internal revenue at Cleveland for four years; marshal of the Supreme Court of the United States 1866-1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); defeated as the Republican candidate for reelection; resumed the practice of law in Cleve- land, Ohio. Partridge, George, a Delegate and a Repre- sentative from Massachusetts, born in Duxbury, Mass., February 8, 1740; was graduated from Har- vard college in 1762; taught school in Kingston, Mass., and studied theology; Delegate in the Pro- vincial congress 1774-1775; member of the general court 1775-1779; sheriff of Plymouth county 1777- 1812; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1779- 1782 and 1783-1785; member of state legislature 1788 ; elected to the First Congress and served from March 4, 1789, to August 14, 1790; endowed Par- tridge seminary in Duxbury; died in Duxbury, Mass., July 7, 1828. Partridge, Samuel, a Representative from New York; native of New York; received a limited schooling; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843). Paschal, Thomas M., a Representative from Texas; born in Alexandria, La., December 15, 1845; moved with his parents to Texas in the spring of 1846 and located at San Antonio; went to Dan- ville, Ky., and attended Center college; was grad- uated in 1866; returned to San Antonio; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1867, and practiced ; city attorney in 1867; United States commissioner for western district of Texas; judge of criminal dis- trict for San Antonio in 1868 and resigned same year; moved to Castro ville, Tex., in 1870; district attorney twenty-fourth district; moved to Brack- ett, King county, in 1873, and practiced law until 1875, when elected judge twenty-fourth judicial district; reelected in 1880 and 1884; appointed by Governor Coke extradition agent between the United States and Mexico in 1876, and reap- gointed by Governor Roberts in 1880; returned to astroville in 1885 and elected judge of the thirty- eighth judicial district in 1888; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Castroville, Tex. Pasco, Samuel, a Senator from Florida; born in London, England, June 28, 1834; came with his father to Charlestown, Mass., in 1844; was gradu- ated from the Charlestown high school in 1854 and from Harvard college in 1858; went to Florida in January, 1859, and was principal of Waukeenah academy, near Monticello, 1859-1861; entered the Confederate army as a private in the third Florida volunteers in July, 1861; wounded and captured at Missionary Ridge and remained in prison till March, 1865, when paroled; returned to Florida in 1865 and was again principal of Waukeenah academy 1865-1866; clerk of the circuit court of Jefferson county 1866-1868; admitted to the bar in 1868; Democratic presidential elector in 1880; president of the constitutional convention of 1885; member of the state house of representatives 1886 and chosen speaker in April, 1887; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; was re- elected and served from March 4, 1887, to March 3, 1899; was appointed to fill vacancy caused by the expiration of his term, no successor having been elected, and served under this appointment from March 4, 1899, to April 19, 1899; member of the Isthmian canal commission 1899-1905; resumed the practice of law in Monticello, Fla. Paterson, John, a Representative from New York; born in New Britain, Hartford county, Conn., in 1744 ; attended the common schools ; held several local offices; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from Yale college in 1762; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New Britain and in Lenox, Mass.; member of the Berkshire convention of 1774, and of the general court that became the first provincial congress in 1774; raised a regiment and participated in the Revolutionary war; colonel of the regiment from April to December, 1775; colonel of the Fifteenth Continental infantry January 1, 1776; brigadier general February 21, 1777, and served to the close of the war; brevet major general September 30, 1783; after the war returned to Lenox, Mass., and was commander of the Massachusetts troops in put- ting down Shay's rebellino; moved to Lisle, Broome county, N. Y., in 1790; member of com- mittee to revise the constitution of the state of New York in 1801; elected to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805); chief justice of Broome county until his death in Lisle, N. Y., July 19, 1808. Paterson, William, a Senator from New Jersey; born in Antrim, Ireland, December 24, 1745; came with parents to Philadelphia, Pa., in 1747; moved with them to Trenton and to Princeton, N. J., in 1750; was graduated from Princeton college in 1763; studied law, and in 1769 began practice; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1776; 910 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. attorney general of New Jersey 1776-1783, when he resigned; elected a delegate to the Continental Congress 1780, but did not serve, owing to his duties as attorney general; member of the New Jersey convention that ratified the Federal Constitution in 1787; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1789, to March 2, 1790, when he resigned; governor of New Jersey 1791-1793; justice of the Supreme Court of the United States and served from March 4, 1793, until his death in Albany, N. Y., September 9, 1806. Patten, John D., a Representative from Penn- sylvania; was elected as a Democrat to the Forty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885). Patterson, David Trotter, a Senator from Tennessee; born in Greene county, Tenn., Febru- ary 28, 1818; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; en- gaged in manufacturing; elected a judge of the cir- cuit court in 1854 and 1862; elected as a conserva- tive to the United States Senate and served from May 4, 1865, to March 3, 1869; died in Afton, near Greenville, Tenn., November 3, 1891. Patterson, George Robert, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Lewistown, Mifflin county, Pa., November 9, 1863; attended public schools and Lewistown (Pa.) academy; engaged in mercantile pursuits in 1880; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty- ninth Congresses and served from March 4, 1901, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 21, 1906. Patterson, George W., a Representative from New York; born in Londonderry, N. H., Novem- ber 11, 1799; completed preparatory studies; set- tled in Leicester, N. Y., in 1825, and engaged in farming and the manufacture of farming imple- ments; held several local offices; eight years a mem- ber of the state legislature; two years speaker of the house; moved to Chautauqua, N. Y., in 1841; delegate to the national Republican conventions of 1856 and 1860; elected lieutenant governor of New York in 1848; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879). Patterson, Gilbert Brown, a Representative from North Carolina; born near Maxton, N. C., May 29, 1863; prepared for college in the Laurinburg high school, North Carolina, and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1C86; read law in the University of North Carolina; admitted to the bar September, 1890; was elected to the leg- islature of North Carolina in 1898 and 1900; elected to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907); resumed the prac- tice of law in Maxton, N. C. Patterson, James O'Hanlon, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Barn well, S. C., June 25, 1857; attended private schools in Barn well and in Augusta, Ga. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in May, 1886; twice elected probate judge of Barn well county ; member of the South Carolina legislature in 1898-1904; elected as a Democrat to to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); resumed the practice of law in Barnwell, S. C. Patterson, James Willis, a Representative and Senator from New Hampshire; born in Hen- niker, N. H., July 2, 1823; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Dartmouth col- lege; professor in Dartmouth 1854-1865; held sev- eral local offices; member of the state house of representatives in 1862; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 1873; again a professor in Dart- mouth college ; again a member of the state house of representatives 1877-1878; appointed state superin- tendent of public instruction from 1885-1893; died in Hanover, N. H., May 4, 1893. Patterson, John, a Representative from Ohio; born in Ireland, February 10, 1771; came with parents in youth to the United States and located in St. Clairsville, Ohio; attended public schools, and became a merchant; first mayor of St. Clairs- ville; member of the state general assembly in 1807-1808; associate judge of the court of common pleas of Belmont county February, 1818-February, 1821; was elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); died in St. Claira- ville, Ohio, Febiuary 7, 1848. Patterson, John James, a Senator from South Carolina; born in Waterloo, Juniata county, Pa., August 8, 1830; was graduated from Jefferson col- lege, Pennsylvania, in 1848; engaged in newspaper work; for ten years editor of the Harrisburg Tele- graph; engaged in banking; served several terms as a member of the state house of representatives; served as a colonel in the Union army during the Civil war; moved to South Carolina in 1869; elected as a Republican to the United States Sen- ate and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1879; engaged in the construction of electric railways and electric-lighting plants; with residence in Mifflin- town, Pa., and died there Septemer 28, 1912. Patterson, John O'Hanlon, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Barnwell, S. C., June 25, 1857; attended the private schools in Barnwell and in Augusta, Ga.; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in May, 1886; twice elected pro- bate judge of Barnwell county, and was a member of the South Carolina legislature in 1898, 1899, 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903, and 1904; was elected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911); died in Barnwell, S. C., November 25, 1911. Patterson, Josiah, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Morgan county, Ala., April 14, 1837; brought up on a farm; attended the old field schools, and for two years the Somerville academy; read law and was admitted to practice in April, 1859; entered the Confederate army in September, 1861, as first lieutenant in the first Alabama cavalry, and in May, 1862, promoted to the rank of captain; in December, 1862, promoted to the rank of colonel and assigned to the command of the fifth Alabama cavalry; commanded a brigade of cavalry during the last year of the war; surrendered the fifth Ala- bama cavalry May 19, 1865; returned to the prac- tice of law; located in Florence, Ala., in January, 1867, and in Memphis, Tenn., in March, 1872; elected to the lower branch of the state legislature in 1882; elector on the Democratic ticket in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second, Fifty- third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1897); defeated for the Fifty-fifth Con- gress as a Gold Democrat; died in Memphis, Tenn., February 10, 1904. Patterson, Malcolm Rice, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Somerville, Ala., June 7, 1861; was graduated from the Christian Brothers' BIOGRAPHIES. 911 college, Memphis, and subsequently took a special library course at Vanderbilt university, Nashville; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1883, and practiced in Memphis, Tenn.; elected district attorney for Shelby county in 1894 for eight years; resigned September 10, 1900; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty- ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1901, to November 5, 1906, when he resigned; gover- mor of Tennessee 1906 and 1908; resumed the prac- tice of law in Memphis, Tenn. Patterson, Thomas, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Lancaster county, Pa., Oc- tober 1, 1764; completed preparatory studies; moved to West Middletowri, Pa.; held several local offices; elected as a Republican to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1825); died in West Middletown, Pa., November 17, 1841. Patterson, Thomas J., a Representative from New York; native of New York; attended the pub- lic schools; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845). Patterson, Thomas MacDonald, a Delegate, a Representative, and a Senator from Colorado; born in county Carlow, Ireland, November 4, 1840, and with his parents came to the United States in 1849; attended the common schools in New York City and Astoria,. Long Island; moved to Craw- fordsville, Ind., in 1853; worked in printing office there three years, and at the bench as a watch- maker and jeweler for five years; entered Asbury, now De Pauw, university, Greencastle, Ind., in 1862, and later Wabash college, Crawfordsville, Ind.; moved to Denver in 1872; elected city attor- ney in the spring of 1874 ; elected the last Delegate to Congress in 1874, and elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress in 1876; refused to sup- port Cleveland for President in 1892, and aided in carrying Colorado for General Weaver; united with the People's party in 1893, and was a delegate to the Populist national convention in 1896; Bryan presidential elector in 1896 and again in 1900; per- manent chairman of the national Populist conven- tion of 1900; elected to the United States Senate January, 1901, by the joint votes of Democrats, Silver Republicans, and Populists, and served from March 4, 1901, to March 3, 1907; resumed news- paper work in Denver, Colo. Patterson, Walter, a Representative from New York; native of Columbia county, N. Y.; com- Eleted preparatory studies; member of the state ouse of representatives in 1818; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823); county judge of Columbia county 1828-1829. Patterson, William, a Representative from Ohio; native of Maryland; moved to Mansfield, Ohio; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; held sev- eral local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837). Patterson, William, a Representative from New York; born in Londonderry, N. H., June 4, 1789; attended the common schools; in 1815 moved to Rensslaerville, Albany county, N. Y.; moved to Lyons, Wayne county in 1816 ; engaged in the manu- facture and sale of fanning mills; moved to a farm near Warsaw, N. Y., in 1822, and engaged in agri- cultural pursuits; located in Warsaw, N. Y., in 1837; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress and served from March 4, 1837, until his death, in Warsaw, N. Y., August 14, 1838. Pattison, John M., a Representative from Ohio; born in Clermont county, Ohio, June 13, 1847; entered the Union Army in 1864; was grad- uated from the Ohio Wesleyan university at Dela- ware, Ohio, in 1869; admitted to the bar of Hamil- ton county, Cincinnati, in 1872; elected to the state legislature in 1873; attorney for the committee of safety of Cincinnati 1874-1876; elected vice presi- dent and manager of the Union Central life insur- ance company of Cincinnati in 1881, and president in 1891 ; elected state senator to fill va*cancy caused by the death of Judge Ashburn, February, 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895); governor of Ohio in 1905; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, June 18, 1906. Patton, David H., a Representative from In- diana; born in Fleming county, Ky., November 26, 1837; attended the Collegiate institute at Wave- land, Ind.; enlisted in the thirty-eighth Indiana regiment in 1861, attaining the rank of colonel; was graduated from the Chicago medical college in 1867; practiced medicine in Remington, Ind.; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893); moved to Oklahoma and resumed the practice of medicine. Patton, John, a Delegate and a Representative from Delaware; born in Kent county, Del., April 26, 1746; attended the common schools; served in the Revolutionary Army; Delegate in the Conti- nental Congress 1785-1786; elected to the Third Congress and served until February 14, 1794, when he was succeeded by William Latimer, who con- tested his election; reelected to the Fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1797); died in Dover, Del., December 26, 1800. Patton, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Covington, Tioga county, Pa., Jan- uary 6, 1823; moved to Curwensville, Clearfield county, Pa., in 1828; attended the common schools; engaged in mercantile pursuits and in lumbering 1844-1860; organized the First National bank of Curwensville in 1864 and elected its president; organized the Curwensville bank, which succeeded the First National, and was elected its president; delegate to the Whig national convention in Balti- more in 1852 and to the Republican national con- vention in Chicago in 1860; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861- March 3, 1863); presidential elector in 1864, and elected to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887- March 3, 1889); died in Philadelphia, Pa., Decem- ber 23, 1897; interment in Curwensville, Pa. Patton, John, jr., a Senator from Michigan; born in Curwensville, Clearfield county, Pa., Oc- tober 30, 1850; prepared for college at Phillips academy, Andover, Mass.; was graduated from Yale college in 1875; was graduated from the Co- lumbia law school, New York City, in 1877; moved to Grand Rapids, Mich., in 1878, and practiced law; member of Republican state committee 1884- 1886; president state league of Republican clubs; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill va- cancy caused by the death of Francis B. Stock- bridge, and served from May 5, 1894, to January 15, 1895; member board of library commissioners of Grand Rapids; died in Grand Rapids, Mich., May 24, 1907. 912 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. Patton, John Mercer, a Representative from Virginia; born in Virginia in 1796; attended Prince- ton college, and was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylavnia in 1818, but never practiced; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Freder- icksburg, Va. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Philip P. Barbour; was reelected to the four succeeding Congresses, and served from May 31, 1830, to March 3, 1839; moved to Richmond, Va., and resumed practice; judge of the court of appeals of Virginia; died in Richmond, Va., October 29, 1858. Paul, John, a Representative from Virginia; born in Rockingham county, Va., June 30, 1839; attended the common schools; entered Roanoke college, Virginia, in the fall of 1860, but left in April, 1861, and entered the Confederate army as a lieutenant in the first Virginia cavalry, and served during the war; after the war studied law in the University of Virginia, and was graduated in 1867; commonwealth attorney of Rockingham county 1870-1877; member of the state senate 1877- 1881; elected as a Readjuster to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1881, to May 5, 1884, when he was suc- ceeded by Charles T. O'Ferrall, who contested his election; appointed judge of the United States district court for the western district of Virginia by President Arthur; died in Harrisonburg, Va., November 1, 1901. Paulding, William, a Representative from New York; born in Tarrytown, N. Y., March 7, 1770 completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New York City ; delegate to the state constitutional con- vention in 1821; elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); served in the war of 1812; mayor of New York City 1824-1826; died in Tarrytown, N. Y., February 11, 1854. Pawling, Levi, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; was elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819). Payne, Henry B., a Representative and Sena- tor from Ohio; born in Hamilton, Madison county, N. Y., November 30, 1810; was graduated from Hamilton college in 1832; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Cleveland, Ohio, 1834-1846; member of the state senate 1849- 1851; Democratic candidate for the United States senatorship in the protracted contest of 1851, and for governor against Salmon P. Chase in 1857; presidential elector in 1848; delegate to the Democratic national conventions of 1856,1860, and 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-^March 3, 1877); member of the Electoral commission in 1876; candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1880 and 1884; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1885, to March 3, 1891; died in Cleveland, Ohio, September 9, 1896. Payne, Sereno Elisha, a Representative from New York; born in Hamilton, Madison county, N. Y., June 26, 1843; attended the Auburn acad- emy and was graduated from the university of Rochester in 1864; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1866, and practiced in Auburn, N. Y.; city clerk of Auburn 1867-1868, supervisor 1871- 1872; district attorney of Cayuga county 1873-1879; president of the board of education of Auburn 1879- 1882; appointed a member of the American-British joint high commission in January, 1899; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887); reelected to the Fifty-first and to the ten succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Payne, William Winter, a Representative from Alabama; born in Fauquier county, Va., January 2, 1805; completed preparatory studies; moved to Franklin county, Ala., in 1825; represented Frank- lin county in the state legislature in 1831, and moved to Sumter county; elected a representative 1834-1838; defeated candidate for the state senate in 1839; again elected co the state house in 1840; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1847); defeated for reelec- tion to the Thirtieth Congress; returned to Virginia in 1847 and engaged in farming and planting near Warrenton; chairman of the Democratic state con- vention in Richmond in 1859; died in Warrenton, Va., September 2, 1874. Paynter, Lemuel, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Delaware in 1788; attended the common schools; moved to Philadelphia, Pa.; served in the war of 1812 and became major, and lieutenant colonel of the ninety-third regiment of Pennyslvania militia; held various local positions; state senator in 1833; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); died in Philadelphia, Pa., August 1, 1863. Paynter, Thomas H., a Representative and a Senator from Kentucky; born in Lewis county, Ky., December 9, 1851; attended the common schools, Rand's academy, and Center college, Danville, Ky.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1872, and engaged in practice in Greenup, Ky.; appointed county attorney for Greenup county by appointment 1876-1878 and by election 1878-1882; elected to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses and served from March 4, 1889, to January 3, 1895, when he resigned; judge of the court of appeals of Kentucky 1895-1906 when he resigned; was elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1907. Payson, Lewis Edwin, a Representative from Illinois; born in Providence, R. I., September 17, 1840; moved to Illinois in 1852; attended the com- mon schools and Lombard university, Galesburg, 111.; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Ottawa, 111., in 1862; moved to Pontiac, 111., in January, 1865, and practiced law; judge of county court 1869-1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh and to the four succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1891); died in Washington, D. C., October 4, 1909. Peabody, Nathaniel, a Delegate from New Hampshire; born in Topsfield, Essex county, Mass., March 1, 1741; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine and began practice in Plaistow, N. H., in 1761; resigned a royal commis- sion to enter the Revolutionary Army; served at the capture of Fort William and Mary, New Castle, Del. ; elected a member of the committee on safety and its chairman January 10, 1776; adjutant gen- eral of the New Hampshire militia July 19, 1777, BIOGEAPHIES. 913 and commanded a brigade in Rhode Island in 1779; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1779- 1780; member of the state constitutional conven- tion 1782-1783; was again elected to the Conti- nental Congress in 1786, but did not take his seat; served eight years as a member of the state legis- lature and one year as speaker; major general of militia 1793-1798; was confined in a debtor's prison for some time; died in Exeter, N. H., June 27, 1823. Pearce, Charles Edward, a Representative from Missouri; born in Whitesboro, Oneida county, N. Y., May 29, 1842, and subsequently became a resident of the city of Auburn, N. Y.; attended Fairfield seminary and was graduated from Union college in 1863; enlisted in the Union Army; com- missioned captain, battery D, sixteenth New York heavy artillery, in 1863; promoted to the rank of major in June, 1864; appointed to the staff of Maj. Gen. A. H. Terry after the capture of Fort Fisher, and on the occupation of Wilmington detailed as provost marshal general of the eastern district of North Carolina; resigned from the army in the fall of 1865; settled in St. Louis, Mo., in 1866, where he studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1867; delegate to the Republican na- tional convetnion in 1888; appointed chairman Sioux Indian commission in 1891; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901); died in St. Louis, Mo., January 30, 1902. Pearce, Dutee Jerauld, a Representative from Rhode Island; born on the island of Pru- dence, R. I., April 10, 1789; was graduated from Brown university in 1808; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Newport, R. I.; held various local offices; attorney general of Rhode Island 1819-1825; presidential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1821; several years a member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth and to the five suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1837); died in Newport, R. I., May 9, 1849. Pearce, James Alfred, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland; born in Alexandria, Va., December 8, 1804; was graduated from Princeton college in 1822; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and in 1824 began practice in Cambridge, Md.; moved to Louisiana in 1823 and engaged in planting; returned to Kent county, Md., and re- sumed the practice of law in Chestertown; served in the state house of representatives in 1831; elected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); defeated for re- election to the Twenty-sixth Congress; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); elected as a Whig to the United States Senate in 1843 and four times re- elected (the last time as a Democrat), and served from March 4, 1843, until his death in Chester- town, Md., December 20, 1862. Pearce, John Jameson, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., February 28, 1826; completed preparatory studies; ordained a minister in the Methodist Episcopal church when 18 years of age; continued in the min- istry as a member of the Wyoming and Philadel- phia conferences until 1854; elected as a Whig to the Thirty -fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); declined a reelection; moved to Con- neaut, Ohio. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 58 Pearre, George Alexander, a Representa- tive from Maryland; born in Cumberland, Md., July 16, 1860; attended private schools; Allegany county academy in Cumberland; St. James college near Hagerstown, Md.; Princeton college, and was graduated from the University of West Virginia in 1880; studied law for a year; was graduated from the law school of Maryland university in Baltimore; admitted to the bar in 1882; in 1887 began practice in Cumberland, Md.; state senator 1890-1892; prosecuting attorney 1895-1899; elected to the Fifty-sixth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911); resumed the prac- tice of law in Cumberland, Md. Pearson, Albert Jackson, a Representative from Ohio; born in Centerville, Belmont county, Ohio, May 20, 1846; moved with his parents, at an early age, to Beallsville, Monroe county, Ohio; attended the common schools and normal school at Lebanon, Ohio; private soldier in company I, one hundred and eighty-sixth Ohio volunteer in- fantry during the Civil war; read law, was ad- mitted to the bar in September, 1868, and began practice in Woodfield, Ohio; prosecuting attorney of Monroe county for three successive terms; mem- ber of the state senate two years; probate judge of Monroe county six years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); died in Woodfield, Ohio, May 15, 1905. Pearson, John James, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Delaware county, Pa., October 25, 1800; attended the common schools; a grammar boarding school; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in August, 1822, and practiced in Mercer county ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fourth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Banks, and served from Decem- ber 5, 1836, to March 3, 1837; member of the state senate 1838-1842; appointed president judge of Dauphin and Lebanon counties, Pa., April 7, 1849, and served until January, 1882; died in Harrisburg, Pa., May 30, 1888. Pearson, Joseph, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Rowan county, N. C., in 1776; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Salis- bury, N. C.; served two terms in the house of com- mons of North Carolina; elected as a Federalist to the Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1815); while in Congress fought a duel with John George Jackson, of Vir- ginia, and on the second fire was wounded; died m Salisbury, N. C., October 27, 1834. Pearson, Richmond, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Richmond Hill, N. C., January 26, 1852; was graduated from Princeton college in 1872; studied law and was admitted to the bar of North Carolina in 1874 ; in the same year appointed United States consul to Venders and Liege, Belgium; resigned in 1877; member of the North Carolina legislature in 1885 and 1887; elected as an Independent Protectionist to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses and served from March 4, 1897, to March 3, 1899, and from May 10, 1900, to March 3, 1901; in last-named Congress the certificate of election was given to William T. Crawford, Democrat, who was unseated by a resolution of the House, May 10, 1900; appointed United States consul to Genoa, Italy, December 11, 1901; appointed by President 914 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Roosevelt in 1902 as envoy extraordinary and min- ister plenipotentiary to Persia; later transferred to Greece and Roumania. Pease, Henry Roberts, a Senator from Missis- sippi; born in Connecticut, February 19, 1835; completed preparatory studies; taught school for eleven years; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; entered the Union Army as a pri- vate and attained the rank of captain ; superintend- ent of education of Louisiana while that state was under military rule; appointed superintendent of the education of freedmen in Mississippi in 1867; elected superintendent of education of Mississippi in 1869; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Adelbert Ames, and served from Febru- ary 3, 1874, to March 3, 1875; postmaster of Vicks- burg, Miss., in 1875; established the Mississippi Educational Journal; removed to Dakota. Peaslee, Charles Hazen, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Gilmanton, N. H., February 6, 1804; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1824; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Concord, N. H., in 1828; served in the New Hampshire state legislature 1833-1837; adjutant-general of the militia; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1853); collector of the port of Boston in 1853-1857; died in St. Paul, Minn., September 20, 1866. Peck, Erasmus D., a Representative from Ohio; born in Connecticut, September 16, 1808; was graduated from Berkshire medical college in 1829; moved to Ohio in 1830 and practiced medi- cine; served two terms in the Ohio state legislature; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Truman H. Hoag; reelected to the Forty-second Congress and served from April 23, 1870, to March 3, 1873. Peck, George Washington, a Representative from Michigan; born in New York City, May 8, 1818; pursued classical studies; attended Yale col- lege and studied law in New York city; moved to Michigan in 1839 and located in Brighton, Liv- ingston county; was admitted to the bar in 1842 and practiced in Brighton 1842-1845; elected to the state house of representatives 1846-1847, and served as speaker the last term; moved to Lansing, Mich., when the state capital was located there in 1847, and was the first postmaster of Lansing; secretary of state of Michigan 1848-1849; editor and proprietor of the Lansing Journal, and state printer, 1852-1855; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); defeated for reelection; mayor of Lansing in 1864; moved to East Saginaw, Mich., and prac- ticed law 1864-1873; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1873, and to Hot Springs, Ark., in 1880, and to Bismarck, Mo., in 1882; died in the home of his daughter, Mrs. C. H. Gage, in Saginaw, Mich. Peck, Jared Valentine, a Representative from New York; born in Port Chester, N. Y., September 21, 1816; attended the common schools; held sev- eral local offices; member of the state assembly in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); died in Rye, N. Y., December 25, 1891. Peck, Lucius Benedict, a Representative from Vermont; born in Waterbury, Vt., November 17, 1802; pursued classical studies and attended the Military academy at West Point two years; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Barre, Vt., in 1826; moved to Montpeher, Vt., where he practiced his profession; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Con- fresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); United tates district attorney for Vermont 1853-1857; president of the Vermont and Canada railroad; died in Lowell, Mass., December 28, 1866; inter- ment in Montpelier, Vt. Peck, Luther C., a Representative from New York; native of Connecticut; completed prepara- tory studies; moved to Pike, N. Y.; held various local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, *1837- March 3, 1841); died in Nunda, N. Y., February 16, 1876. Peckham, Rufus Wheeler, a Representative from New York; born in Rensselaerville, Albany county, N. Y., December 20, 1809; completed pre- paratory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began. practice in Albany, N. Y.; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); elected a justice of the supreme court for the third judicial district, and served from 1861 to 1869; died at sea November 22, 1873. Peddle, Thomas Baldwin, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Edinburgh, Scotland, February 11, 1808; emigrated to America in 1833 and located in Newark, N. J.; completed prepara- tory studies; engaged in manufacturing; served two terms in the state legislature; twice elected mayor of Newark; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); died in Newark, N. J., February 16, 1889. Peek, Hermanus, a Representative from New York; native of Albany, N. Y.; moved to Schenec- tady, where he completed preparatory studies; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819- March 3, 1821). Peel, Samuel West, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Independence county, Ark., September 13, 1832; attended the common schools; elected clerk of the circuit court of Carroll county, Ark., in 1858 and 1860; entered the Confederate service in 1861 as a private, and elected major of the third Arkansas infantry, and later colonel of the fourth regiment Arkansas infantry; at the close of the war commenced the practice of law in the Arkansas courts; appointed prosecuting attorney of the fourth judicial circuit in 1873; elected, upon the adoption of the new constitution, in 1874, to the same office; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- eighth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1893); a resident of Fort Smith, Ark., and retired. Peelle, Stanton JudMns, a Representative from Indiana; born near Richmond, Wayne county, Ind., February 11, 1843; attended common schools and Winchester seminary, Indiana; enlisted in company G, Eighth regiment Indiana volunteers, August 5, 1861; December 10, 1862, was promoted to a second lieutenancy in company K, fifty- seventh Indiana, and served until the close of the war; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Winchester, Ind.; moved to Indianap- olis in 1869; deputy district attorney of Marion county, Ind., for two years; member of the Indiana state house of representatives 1877-1879; elected BIOGRAPHIES. 915 as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); presented creden- tials as a Member-elect of the Forty-eighth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1883, to May 22, 1884, when he was succeeded by William E. English, who contested his election; chief justice of the Court of Claims, Washington, D. C. Peery, William, a Delegate from Delaware; sat in the Continental Congress 1785-1786; died in Cool Spring, Sussex county, Del., December 14, 1800. Peffer, William Alfred, a Senator from Kan- sas; born in Cumberland county, Pa., September 10, 1831; attended a public school; began teaching at the age of fifteen years; moved to Indiana in June, 1853, and located in St. Joseph county; moved to Missouri in September, 1859, and pur- chased a farm in Morgan county; because of the war moved to Illinois February, 1862, and enlisted as a private in company F, eighty-third Illinois infantry, the following August; promoted to second lieutenant March, 1863; served as regimemtal quartermaster and adjutant, post adjutant, judge- advocate of a military commission, and depot quartermaster in the engineering department at Nashville; mustered out of service June 26, 1865; studied law while in the army, was admitted to the bar in August, 1865, and began practice in Clarks- ville, Tenn.; moved to Kansas in January, 1870, and practiced there until 1878; electe'd to the state senate in 1874; Republican presidential elector in 1880; elected to the United States Senate as a mem- ber of the People's party, and served from March 4, 1891, until March 3, 1897; engaged in statistical and compilation work for Congress in Washington, D. C.; died in Grenola, Kans., October 7, 1912. Pegram, John, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Dinwiddie county, Va., November 16, 1773; attended the common schools; held vari- ous local offices; was a member of the Virginia house of delegates for many years and of the state senate for eight years; elected to the Fifteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Peterson Goodwin, and served from November 16, 1818, to March 3, 1819; major general of state militia in the War of 1812; United States marshal for the eastern district of Virginia under President Monroe's administration; died in Dinwiddie county, Va., April 8, 1831. Peirce, Robert Bruce Frazier, a Representa- tive from Indiana; born in Laurel, Ind., February 17, 1843; served in the Civil War as second lieu- tenant of company H, one hundred and thirty- fifth regiment of Indiana volunteers; was graduated from Wabash college in 1866; studied law at Shel- by ville, Ind., was admitted to the bar,' and began practice in Crawfordsville in 1867; elected prose- cuting attorney in 1868 and reelected in 1870 and 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty -seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); receiver of the Texas, St. Louis and Kansas City Railway; died in Indianapolis, Ind., December 5, 1898. Pelham, Charles, a Representative from Ala- bama; born in Person county, N. C., March 12, 1835; moved with his parents to Alabama in 1838; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Talla- dega, Ala., in 1858; entered the Confederate army in 1862 and served as first lieutenant of company C, fifty-first Alabama regiment; elected judge oj the tenth judicial circuit in 1868, and while dis- charging the duties of that office was elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); died in Poulan, Worth county, Ga., January 18, 1908. Pelton, Guy R., a Representative from New York; born in Great Barrington, Mass., August 3, 1825; completed preparatory studies; taught school; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New York in 1851; held various local offices; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); defeated for the Thirty-fifth Congress. Pence, Lafe, a Representative from Colorado; born in Columbus, Ind., December 23, 1857; at- tended the common schools and was graduated from Hanover college, Indiana, in 1877; studied law, was admitted to the bar December 23, 1878, and practiced in Columbus, Ind., until Septem- ber, 1879, when he moved to Winfield, Kans.; lived there until March, 1881, when he moved to Rico, Colo. ; practiced law in Rico until 1884, when elected to the state legislature and, after the ses- sion in 1885, located in Denver; county attorney for Arapahoe county in 1887 and 1888; elected as the candidate of the Populists and Silver Demo- crats to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1895); moved to New York, where he was interested in railroading; returned to Denver, Colo., and later moved to San Francisco, Cal., where he resumed the practice of law. Pendleton, Emond, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Caroline county, Va., September 9, 1721; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1744, and practiced; justice of the peace in 1751; member of the Virginia house of burgesses 1752-1774; member of the committee of correspondence in 1773 and of the colonial con- vention of 1774; governor of the embryo colony 1774-1776; presiding judge of the court of appeals; member of the Continental Congress 1774-1775; member of the Virginia constitutional convention of 1787, and its president; died in Richmond, Va., October 23, 1803. Pendleton, Edmund Henry, a Representative from New York; received a liberal schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced for several years in Hyde Park, Dutchess county, N. Y. ; county judge in the fifth New York district in 1830; was elected as a Whig to the Twenty- second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); died in New York City in 1862. Pendleton, George Cassety, a Representa- tive from Texas; born in Coffee county, Tenn., April 23, 1845; attended country schools of Warren county, Tenn., and the Hannah high school in the same county; afterwards attended the Wax- ahachie academy in Ellis county, Tex.; located in Bolton, Tex., and engaged in mercantile pursuits and in farming; entered the Confederate service as private in Fount's company, Burford's regiment, Parson's brigade, Texas cavalry; member of the Texas legislature three terms and its speaker one term; elected lieutenant governor in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); engaged in the practice of law in Temple, Tex.; president of the Temple national bank. Pendleton, George Hunt, a Representative and a Senator from Ohio; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, July 25, 1825; pursued an academic course in 916 CONGKESSIONAL DIRECTORY. schools of Cincinnati and in Europe; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Cincinnati; member of the state senate of Ohio 1854-1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1865); Demo- cratic candidate for Vice President on the ticket headed by George B. McClellan in 1864; delegate in the Loyalist convention in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1866; defeated Democratic candidate for governor of Ohio in 1869; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1879, to March 3, 1885; minister to Germany in 1885; died in Brussels, Belgium, November 24, 1898. Pendleton, James Monroe, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in North Stonington, Conn., January 10, 1822; completed preparatory studies; merchant for seven years in Westerly, R. I., and then engaged in banking, insurance, and manufacturing; served in the Rhode Island state senate 1862-1865; delegate to the national Republican convention in Chicago in 1868; presi- dential elector on the Grant and Colfax ticket in 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); died in Westerly, R. I., February 16, 1889. Pendleton ? John Overton, a Representative from West Virginia; born in Wellsburg, Brooke county, W. Va., July 4, 1851; moved with his parents to Wheeling, W. Va.; attended Aspen Hill academy, Louisa county, Va., 1865-1869, and Bethany college, W. Va., 1869-1870; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Wheeling in 1874; Democratic nominee for state senator in 1886, but defeated; presented creden- tials as Member-elect in the Fifty-first Congress and served from March 4, 1889, to February 26, 1890, and was then succeeded by George W. Atkinson, who contested the election; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895); resumed the practice of law in Wheeling, W. Va. Pendleton, John Strother, a Representative from Virginia; born ii\ Culpeper county, Va., March 2, 1802; pursued praparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Culpeper county; member of the state legislature several terms prior to 1840; charge 1 d'affaires to Chile 1841-1844; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); charge' d'affaires to the Argentine Confederation 1851-1854; died near Culpeper, Va., November 19, 1868. Pendleton, Nathanael Greene, a Represen- tative from Ohio; bom in Savannah, Ga., August 25, 1793; moved to New York City with his parents; was graduated from Columbia college in 1813; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the War of 1812; moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1818 and practiced law; member of the state senate 1825-1829; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); died in Cincinnati, Ohio, June 16, 1861. Pennington, John Brown, a Representative from Delaware; born near Newcastle, Del., De- cember 20, 1825; pursued an academic course in Newcastle and Newark, Del., and was graduated from Jefferson college, Pa.; went to Indiana and engaged in teaching; returned to Delaware, studied law, and was admitted to practice in April, 1857; member of the state house of representatives in 1857; clerk of the house in 1859, 1863, and 1871; delegate to the Democratic national conventions in Charleston and Baltimore in 1860; appointed United States attorney for the district of Delaware in 1868 by President Johnson, and attorney general of the state by Governor Ponder in 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); died in Dover, Del., June 1, 1902. Penn, Alexander G., a Representative from Louisiana; born in Patrick county, Va.; completed preparatory studies; moved to the parish of St. Tammany, La., in 1821, and engaged in planting; served in the state house of representatives; post- master of New Orleans 1845-1849; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John H. Harman- son; reelected to the Thirty-second Congress, and served from December 30, 1850, to March 3, 1853; died in Washington, D. C., May 8, 1866. Penn, John, a Delegate from North Carolina; born in Caroline county, Va., May 17,1741; re- ceived a limited education; studied law with Ed- mund Pendleton, was admitted to the bar, and in 1762 began practice; moved to Granville county, N. C., in 1774; elected a Delegate to the Conti- nental Congress in 1775; a signer of the Declaration of Independence; reelected in 1777 and 1779; re- ceiver of taxes for North Carolina in 1784; died in Granville county, N. C., September 14, 1788. Penniman, Ebenezer Jenckes, a Representa- tive from Michigan; born in Lansingburgh, N. Y., January 12, 1805; received a limited schooling; moved to New York City and became a merchant; moved to Plymouth, Mich., in 1835 and engaged in mercantile pursuits; elected as a Whig and Free- soiler to the Thirty -second Congress (March 4, 1851- March 3, 1853); died in Plymouth, Mich., April 12, 1890 Pennington, Alexander Cumming Mc- Whorter, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Newark, N. J., July 2, 1810; completed prepara- tory studies; attended the United States military academy 1826-1828; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Newark; held various local offices; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853- March 3, 1857); served two terms in the state legis- lature; moved to New York City, and died there January 25, 1867. Pennington, William Samuel, a Representa- tive from New Jersey; born in Newark, N. J., May 4, 1796; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Princeton in 1813; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Newark in 1820; governor of New Jersey 1837-1843; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); defeated as the Republican candidate for reelection to the Thirty- seventh Congress; died in Newark, N. J., February 16, 1862. Pennybacker, Isaac Samuels, a Representa- tive and a Senator from Virginia; born in Shenan- doah county, Va., September 12, 1805; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Harrisonburg, Va. ; held various local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); United States judge for the western district BIOGRAPHIES. 917 of Virginia 1839-1845; elected to the United States Senate and served from December 3, 1845, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 12, 1847. Penrose, Boies, a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., November 1, 1860; was prepared for college by private tutors and in the schools of Philadelphia; was graduated from Har- vard college in 1881; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1883, and practiced in Philadelphia; elected to the state house of representatives in 1884; state senator in 1886; reelected in 1890 and 1894; president pro tempore of the senate in 1889 and 1891; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1897; re- elected in 1903 and in 1909 for the term expiring March 3, 1915. Perce, Legrand Winfield, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Buffalo, N. Y ., June 19, 1836; completed preparatory studies and attended the Wesleyan college in Lima, N. Y.; studied law and was graduated from the Albany, N. Y., law school in 1857, and admitted to the bar; entered the Union Army in 1861; appointed second lieu- tenant of the sixth Michigan volunteers, and ' ap- tain in June, 1862; brevetted major at Port Hud- son in May, 1863; brevetted lieutenant-colonel and colonel in 1865; settled in Natchez, Miss.; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); died in Chicago, 111., March 16, 1911. Percy, lie Boy, a Senator from Mississippi; born in Washington county, Miss., November 9, 1860; attended the University of the South and was grad- uated from the law department of the University of Virginia in 1881 ; returned to Mississippi and began practice in Greenville; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Anselm J. McLaurin, and served from February 23, 1910, to March 3, 1913. Perea, Francisco, a delegate from New Mexico territory; born in Padillas, N. Mex., January 9, 1831; received a limited schooling; elected as a Republican a delegate to the Thirty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865). Perea, Pedro, a Representative from New Mexico; born in Bernalillo, N. Mex., April 22, 1852; attended St. Michael's college, Santa Fe, N. Mex., Georgetown university, District of Columbia, and St. Louis university, St. Louis, Mo.; principally engaged in farming and sheep raising; at one time president of the First national bank of Santa Fe; four times a member of the council of the New Mexico legislature; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); died in Bernalillo, N. Mex., January 11, 1906. Perham, Sidney, a Representative from Maine; born in Woodstock, Me., March 27, 1819; completed preparatory studies; engaged in farming; member of the state house of representatives 01 Maine in 1854, and its speaker; held various local offices; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869); governor of Maine 1871-1874; appraiser in the Portland custom-house; died in Washington, D. C., April 10, 1907. Perkins, Bishop, a Representative from New York; native of New Hampshire; moved to Ogd ens- burg, N. Y.; completed preparatory studies; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Perkins, Bishop Walden, a Representative and a Senator from Kansas; born in Rochester, Lorain county, Ohio, October 18, 1841; attended the com- mon schools and Knox academy in Galesburg, 111.; read law in Ottawa, 111.; admitted to the bar in 1867, and commenced practice; served four years in the Union army, first as sergeant in the eighty- third Illinois infantry, and adjutant and captain in the sixteenth United States colored infantry for two years and six months; located in Oswego, Kans., in 1869; county attorney of Labette county the same year; elected probate judge of the county in 1870 and 1872; appointed judge of the eleventh judicial district of Kansas in February, 1873, and in November of that year elected for the unexpired term; reelected in November, 1874, and again in November, 1878, and held the office for almost ten years; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1891); appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Preston B. Plumb, and served from Jan- uary 1, 1892, to March 3, 1893; died in Washington^ D. C., June 20, 1894. Perkins, Elias, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Norwich, Conn., April 5, 1767; was graduated from Yale college in 1786; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced a short time; elected to the Seventh Congress (March 4,, 1801-March 3, 1803); served as judge of the New- London county court until he became ineligible on account of age; mayor of New London 1829-1832; died in New London, Conn., September 27, 1845. Perkins, George Clement, a Senator from California; born in Kennebunkport, Me., August 23, 1839; had limited educational advantages; at the age of twelve went to sea as a cabin boy ; fol- lowed the sea for several years; shipped "before the mast " on a sailing vessel bound for San Fran- cisco, Gal., in 1855; engaged in mercantile business in Oroville, Cal.; subsequently engaged in bank- ing, milling, mining, farming, whale fishing, and the steamship business, operating steamships on the coasts of California, Oregon, Washington, Brit- ish Columbia, Alaska, and Mexico; elected to the state senate in 1869, and served eight years; presi- dent of the chamber of commerce of San Francisco and the San Francisco art association; director of the California academy of sciences and other pub- lic institutions; elected governor of California in 1879, and served until January, 1883; appointed as a Republican to the United States Senate July 24, 1893, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Leland Stanford, and took his seat August 8, 1893; subse- quently elected to fill the unexpired term; re- elected in 1897, 1903, and in 1909 for the term end- ing March 3, 1915. Perkins, George Douglas, a Representative from Iowa; born in Holly, Orleans county, N. Y., February 29, 1840; moved to Wisconsin and learned the printer's trade in Baraboo; in connection with his brother started the Gazette in Cedar Falls in 1860; enlisted as a private soldier in company B, thirty-first Iowa, August 12, 1862; discharged from Jefferson barracks, Mo., January 12, 1863; moved to Sioux City, Iowa, in 1869 and became editor of the Journal; member of the Iowa senate 1874-1876; appointed United States marshal for the northern district of Iowa by President Arthur and removed by President Cleveland; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1899); delegate in the Republican national conven- 918 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. tipns of 1876, 1880, 1888, and 1908; a resident of Sioux City, Iowa, and editor and publisher of the Journal. Perkins, James Breck, a Representative from New York; born in St. Croix Falls, Wis., Novem- ber 4, 1847; moved with his parents to Rochester, N. Y., in 1856; attended the Rochester schools and was graduated from the University of Rochester in 1867; studied law, was admitted to the bar in December, 1868, and practiced in Rochester; city attorney 1874-1880; lived in Paris 1890-1895, en- gaged in work on French history; returned to Rochester in 1895, and served in the state assem- bly in 1898; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- seventh, and to the four succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1901, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 11, 1910; interment in Rochester, N. Y. Perkins, Jared, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Unity, N. H., April 21, 1793; received a limited schooling in Winchester, N. H.; studied theology and was a minister of the Method- ist Episcopal church and a presiding officer; state councilor 1846-1849; served in the state house of representatives; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-third Congress ; died in Nashua, N. H., October 14, 1854. Perkins, John, a Representative from Louisi- ana; born in Louisiana July 1, 1819; was graduated from Yale college in 1840; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in New Orleans; traveled in Europe; appointed a judge of the circuit court in 1851; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); served in the Confederate Congress. Perrill, Augustus Leonard, a Representative from Ohio; born in Hardee county, Va., January 20, 1807; moved to Pickaway county, Ohio; re- ceived a limited schooling; elected to the Twenty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); died in Pickaway county, Ohio, June 3, 1882. Perry, Aaron F., a Representative from Ohio; born in Leicester, Vt., January 1, 1815; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Columbus, Ohio, and later in Cincinnati; member of the state house of representatives 1847-1848; elected as a Republi- can to the Forty-second Congress and served from March 4, 1871, to 1872, when he resigned; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, March 11, 1893. Perry, Eli, a Representative from New York; born in Cambridge, N. Y., December 25, 1799; attended the common schools; engaged in business in Albany, N. Y., in 1827 and continued until 1852; city alderman two years; served in the state legislature; mayor of Albany 1851-1863; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty -third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875) ; defeated for the Forty-fourth Congress; died in Albany, N. Y., May 17, 1881. Perry, John Jasiel, a Representative from Maine; born in Portsmouth, N. H., August 2, 1811; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Oxford, Me.; member of the state house of representatives 1839-1843 and of the state senate 1846-1847; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857); reelected to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861); delegate to the peace congress in 1861; edited the Oxford Democrat; moved to Portland; died in Portland, Me., May 2, 1897. Perry, Nehemiah, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Ridgefield, Conn., March 30, 1816; pursued classical studies; moved to Newark, N. J., and engaged in the clothing business; member of the state legislature several years; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1865); died in Newark, N. J., November 1, 1881. Perry, Thomas, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Maryland in 1808; completed prepara- tory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Cumberland; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847); circuit judge 1851-1861 and 1864-1871; died in Cumberland, Md., June 27, 1871. Perry, William Hayne, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Greenville, S. C., June 9, 1837; attended the Greenville academy; was graduated from the Furman university, Greenville; entered the South Carolina college in Columbia, but left there before graduation; was graduated from Harvard college in 1857; read law in Green- ville, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; served in the Confederate cavalry; member of the state convention of South Carolina in 1865; of the state legislature 1865-1866; solicitor of the eighth judicial circuit of South Carolina in 1868-1872; member of the state senate 1880-1884; elected as Democrat to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty- first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891); died in Greenville, S. C., July 7, 1902. Persons, Henry, a Representative from Georgia; born in Monroe county, Ga., in 1834; moved to Talbot county, Ga., in 1836; was gradu- ated from the University of Georgia in 1855; cap- tain of cavalry in the Confederate service; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881). Peter, George, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Georgetown, D. C., September 28, 1779; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Georgetown college; entered the Army as second lieutenant in the ninth infantry in July, 1799; transferred to the artillery and promoted and in May, 1808, organized and commanded the first light battery of artillery in the country; resigned June 11, 1809; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Alexander C. Hanson; reelected to the Fifteenth Congress, and served from Decem- ber 2, 1816, to March 3, 1819; served in the state house of representatives; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827); defeated for reelection to the Twentieth Congress; died near Damestown, Md., June 22, 1861. Peters, Andrew James, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Jamaica Plain, Boston, Mass., April 3, 1872; was graduated from Harvard college in 1895 and from the Harvard law school in 1898; was admitted tc the bar and practiced; mem- ber of the state legislature in 1902; of the state senate 1904-1905; served five years as member of the Massachusetts militia; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. BIOGRAPHIES. 919 Peters, John A., a Representative from Maine; born in Ellsworth, Me., October 9, 1822; was gradu- ated from Yale college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the state house of representatives 1862-1864; attorney general of the state 1864-1866; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1873); ap- pointed a judge of the supreme court of Maine in 1872; chief justice in 1883; resigned from the bench in 1901; died in Bangor, Me., April 2, 1904. Peters, Mason Summers, a Representative from Kansas; born in Clay county, Mo., September 3, 1844; attended the William Jewell college in Liberty, Mo.; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1875; moved in 1886 to Wyandotte county, Kans.; engaged in the live-stock commission business; served four years as clerk of the court of Clinton county, Mo.; returned to Kansas and elected as a Democrat-Populist to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899); reengaged in business in Kansas City, Kans. Peters, jr., Richard, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania; born near Philadelphia, Pa., June 22, 1743; was graduated from the university of Pennsylvania in 1761; studied law, was admitted to the bar. and began practice in Philadelphia; register of the admiralty 1771 until the Revolution; entered the Revolutionary army and served as captain 1771; secretary of the continental board of war and served from June 13, 1776, to June 8, 1781; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1782-1783; member of the state assembly 1787-1790, and served as speaker; served in the state senate in 1791 and was speaker; judge of the district court of Pennsylvania 1792- 1828; died in Philadelphia, Pa., August 22, 1828. Peters, Samuel Bitter, a Representative from Kansas; born in Walnut township, Pickaway county, Ohio, August 16, 1842; attended common schools and college; enlisted in the Union army in the fall of 1861, and was mustered out in June, 1865, having held successively the offices of sergeant, second lieutanant, first lieutenant, adjutant, and captain; elected in the fall of 1874 to the state sen- ate of Kansas; appointed in March, 1875, judge of the ninth judicial district; elected to the judgeship in the fall of 1875, and reelected in 1879; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty -first Congresses (March 4, 1883- March 3, 1889); resumed the practice of law in Newton, Kans.; member of the board of managers of the state reformatory; appointed postmaster of Newton in 1898 and twice reappointed; editor of the Newton Daily Kansan-Republican; died in Newton, Kans., April 21, 1910. Petrie, George, a Representative from New York; born in Little Falls, N. Y., September 8, 1793; attended common schools; elected to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); died in Little Falls, N. Y., May 8, 1879. Petrikin, David, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; completed preparatory studies; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and practiced; held various local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841); died in Danville, Pa., March 1, 1847. Pettibone, Augustus Herman, a Representa- tive from Tennessee; born in Bedford, Cuyahoga county, Ohio, January 21, 1835; attended Hiram college, Ohio, and was graduated from the Univer- sity of Michigan in 1859; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in La Crosse, Wis.; entered the Union army as a private in 1861; promoted to second lieutenant, captain, and major of the twentieth Wisconsin volunteers; resumed the practice of his profession in Greenville, Tenn., in 1865; elected attorney general for the first judi- cial circuit of Tennessee; presidential elector on the Grant and Coif ax ticket in 1868; for several years assistant United States district attorney for the eastern district of Tennessee; elector on the Hayes and Wheeler ticket in 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1887). Pettigrew, Ebenezer, a Representative from North Carolina; native of that state; attended common schools; held various local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837). Pettigrew, Richard Franklin, a Delegate and a Senator from South Dakota; born in Ludlow, Vt., July, 1848; moved with his parents to Evans- ville, Rock county, Wis., in 1854 ; attended the aca- demy; entered Beloit college in 1866; member of the law class in the University of Wisconsin in 1869; went to Dakota in July, 1869, in the employ of a United States deputy surveyor; located in Sioux Falls; engaged in Government surveying and the real estate business until 1875; engaged in the prac- tice of law; elected to the Dakota legislature as a member of the council in 1877 and reelected in 1879; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); elected to the territorial council in 1884 and 1885; elected to the United States Senate October 16, 1889, under the provisions of the act of Congress admitting South Dakota into the Union, and served from December 2, 1889; reelected in 1895, and served until March 3, 1901; moved to New York City and practiced law; removed to Sioux Falls, S. Dak. Pettis, Solomon Newton, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Ashtabula county, Ohio, October 10, 1827; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1848 began practice in Meadville, Pa. ; associate justice for the Territory of Colorado 1861-1862; re- turned to Meadville, Pa. ; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Darwin A Finney, and served from December 7, 1868, to March 3, 1869; died in Mead- ville, Pa., September 18, 1900. Pettis, Spencer Darwin, a Representative from Missouri; born in Virginia in 1802; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Fayette, Mo.; held various local offices; elected to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); died in St. Louis, Mo., August 26, 1831. Pettit, Charles, a Delegate from Pennsylvania; born in Ilunterdon county, N. J., in 1737; received a thorough English training; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served several years as deputy secretary of the province of New Jersey; clerk of the council; clerk of the supreme court, and of the pleas court; surrogate and keeper and register of the records of the province of New Jersey; aide-de-camp to Governor William Franklin, March 8, 1771; sec- retary of state of New Jersey and aide to Governor Livingston, October 8, 1776; assistant adjutant gen- 920 CONGBESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. eral on the staff of Gen. Nathaniel Greene in the Revolutionary army, March 2, 1778, until his resig- nation March 20, 1781; declined the promotion to quartermaster general; became an importing mer- chant in Philadelphia; member of the state house of representatives; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1785-1787; died in Philadelphia, Pa., September 3, 1806. Pettit, John, a Representative and a Senator from Indiana; born in Sacketts Harbor, N. Y., June 24, 1807; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, moved to Lafayette, Ind., where he began practice in 1838; served two terms as a member of the state house of representa- tives; United States district attorney; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1849); delegate to the state constitutional conven- tion of 1850; presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Whitcomb, and served from January 11, 1853, to March 3, 1855; chief justice of the United States courts in Kansas; elected in 1870 supreme judge of Indiana; died in Lafayette, Ind., January 17, 1877. Pettit, John TJpfold, a Representative from Indiana; born in Fabius, Onondaga county, N. Y., September 11, 1820; was graduated from Union college in 1839; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Wabash, Ind., in 1841; consul to Maranham, Brazil, 1850-1853; judge of the circuit court; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859); died in Wa- bash, Ind., March 21, 1881. Pettus, Edmund Winston, a Senator from Ala- bama; born in Limestone county, Ala., July 6, 1821; attended common schools of Alabama and Clinton college, in Smith county, Tenn.; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1842, and com- menced practice in Gainesville, Ala.; elected solic- itor for the seventh circuit in 1844; served as a lieutenant in the Mexican war; resigned the office of solicitor in 1849 and went with a party of his neighbors on horseback to California; elected judge of the seventh circuit after his return to Alabama in 1855, but resigned in 1858, and moved to Dallas county; resumed the practice of law; en- tered the Confederate army as major of the twen- tieth Alabama infantry in 1861, and soon after- wards was made lieutenant colonel of that regi- ment; made a brigadier general of infantry in Oc- tober, 1863, and served until the close of the war; returned to Selma, Ala., and practiced law; in November, 1896, elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate for the term commencing March 4, 1897; reelected in 1903, and served until his death in Hot Springs, N. C., July 27, 1907. Peyton, Balie, a Representative from Tennes- see; born near Gallatin, Tenn., November 26, 1803; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Galla- tin, Tenn.; held various local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); served as aide-de-camp on the staff of Gen. W. J. Worth, during the Mexican war; was voted a sword by the legislature of Louisiana for gallantry in this war; minister to Chile 1849-1853; moved to New Orleans; United States attorney for Louisiana; moved to California; returned to Tennessee; presidential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1860; died near Gallatin, Tenn., August 19, 1878. Peyton, Joseph Hopkins, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Sumner county, Tenn., May 20, 1808; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine, was graduated from a regular college in 1837, and practiced a short time; held various local offices; member of the state senate in 1840; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1843, until his death near Gallatin, Tenn., No- vember 11, 1845; interment in Congressional ceme- tery, Washington, D. C. Peyton, Samuel Oldham, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Bullitt county, Ky., Jan- uary 8, 1804; completed preparatory studies; was graduated in medicine from the Transylvania uni- versity in 1827, and began practice in Hartford, Ky. ; state representative in 1835; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847- March 3, 1849); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-first Congress; again elected to the Thirty- fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857- March 3, 1861); died at Hartford, Ky., January 4, 1870. Phelan, James, a Representative from Tennes- see; born in Aberdeen, Miss., December 7, 1856; moved with his father to Memphis, Tenn., in 1867; attended the private schools and the Kentucky military institute, near Frankfort, in 1871; entered the University of Leipsic, Saxony, in 1874; re- ceived the degree of doctor of philosophy in Feb- ruary, 1878; returned to Memphis; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1881; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses and served from March 4, 1887 until his death January 30, 1891. Phelps, Charles Edward, a Representative from Maryland; born in Guilford, Vt., May 1, 1833; moved with his parents to New Jersey in 1837, and to Maryland in 1841; pursued classical studies in St. Timothy's Hall, near Catonsville, Md., and was graduated from Princeton in 1852; studied law in Harvard law school, was admitted to the bar, and in 1855 began practice in Baltimore, Md.; held sev- eral city offices; entered the Union army August 20, 1862, as lieutenant colonel of the seventh regi- ment Maryland volunteers; colonel April 13, 1864; brevetted brigadier general March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service"; honorably dis- charged September 9, 1864; awarded Congressional medal of honor March 30, 1898, "for, when the division and brigade commanders were wounded in the assault at Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864, he succeeded to the command and led the brigade with distinguished gallantry and was wounded within a few feet of the enemy's works and taken prisoner"; was recaptured by General Sheridan; elected as a Union War candidate to the Thirty-ninth Congress and as a Union Conservative to the Fortieth Con- gress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869); resumed the practice of law in Baltimore, Md.; judge on the supreme bench of Baltimore City; died at "Wai- brook," Md., December 27, 1908.' Phelps, Darwin, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in East Granby, Conn.; moved to Ohio, where he completed preparatory studies and attended Western university; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Kittan- ning, Pa., in 1835; served one term in the state house of representatives; delegate to the national BIOGRAPHIES. 921 Republican convention in Chicago in 1860; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871). Phelps, Elisha, a Representative from Con- necticut; bom in Simsbury, Conn., November 7, 1779; was graduated from Yale college in 1800; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Simsbury; served several years in both branches of the state legislature, and as speaker of the house in 1821 and 1829; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821) and reelected to the Nineteenth and Twen- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829); state comptroller 1830-1834; appointed a commis- sioner to revise and codify the state laws in 1835; died in Simsbury, Conn., April 18, 1847. Phelps, James, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Essex, Conn., January 12, 1822; completed an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Essex; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1853, 1854, and 1856, and of the state senate 1858-1859; elected . a judge of the superior court of Connecticut in 1863 for a term of eight years, and reelected in 1871; elected a judge of the supreme court of errors of the state in 1873, and resigned in 1875; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty- sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1883); died in Essex, Conn., Jan- uary 15, 1900. Phelps, John Smith, a Representative from Missouri; born in Simsbury, Conn., December 22, 1814; was graduated from Trinity college, Hartford, Conn.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Simsbury; moved to Springfield, Mp.,in 1837; served in the state house of represent- atives; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth, and to the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1863); colonel in the Union army; military governor of Arkansas; defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-eighth Con- gress; governor of Missouri 1877-1881; died in St. Louis, Mo., November 20, 1886; interment in Springfield, Mo. Phelps, Launcelot, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Windsor, Conn., November 9, 1784; moved with his father to Colebrook, Conn., in 1794; attended the common schools; studied medicine, was licensed to practice, and practiced in Colebrook many years; engaged also in agricul- tural pursuits, and was interested in mercantile business in Hitchcocksville (now Riverton), Conn., where he resided for a time; returned to Colebrook; held various local offices; member of the state gen- eral assembly for several terms; elected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839); died in Colebrook, Conn., September 1, 1866. Phelps, Oliver, a Representative from New York; born in Windsor, Conn., October 21, 1749; completed preparatory studies; became a mer- chant in Granville, Mass; served in the commissary department of the Colonial army; settled in Suf- field, Mass.; held successively the offices of mem- ber of assembly, state senator, and member of the governor's council; assisted in the organization of the Phelpa and Gorham syndicate in 1788 and acted as the representative of that company in the exploration of the Genesee country and in negotia- tions for the extinction of the Indian title to the land; removed to Canandaigua, N. Y., in 1802; served as first judge of the county from the date of its organization, 1789, until 1793; elected to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805); judge of the circuit court; died in Canandaigua, N. Y., February 21, 1809. Phelps, Samuel Shethar, a Senator from Ver- mont; born in Litchfield, Conn., May 13, 1793; was graduated from Yale college in 1811; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the war of 1812 as paymaster; began practicing in Middle- bury, Vt., in 1815; member of the legislative coun- cil in 1831; judge of the supreme court of Vermont 1831-1838; member of state senate 1838-1839; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate; was reelected and served from March 4, 1839, to March 3, 1851; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Up- ham, and served from January 17, 1853, until March 16, 1854, when the Senate decided that he could not hold his seat by appointment; died in Middlebury, Vt., March 25, 1855. Phelps, Timothy Guy, a Representative from California; born in Chenango county, N. Y., De- cember 20, 1824; completed preparatory studies; moved to California and located in San Mateo; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863); died in San Mateo county, Cal., June 11, 1894. Phelps, William Wallace, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Oakland county, Mich., June 1, 1826; was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1846; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1848; held various county offices; appointed register of the United States land office at Red Wing, Minn.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); editor of the Red Wing Sen- tinal in 1860; died in Spring Lake, Mich., August 3, 1873. Phelps, William Walter, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in New York City August 24, 1839; was graduated from Yale college in 1860 and from the Columbia college law school in 1863; retired from the practice of law in 1868, refusing a judge- ship offered by Governor Fen ton; elected to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875); candidate for reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress, but defeated; delegate to the national Republican conventions of 1880 and 1884 ; minister to Austria in 1881; relinquished the position in 1882; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889); declined a renomination ; ap- pointed in 1889 by President Harrison one of the commissioners to represent the United States at the International Congress on the Samoan question, which met in Berlin; appointed minister to Ger- many, and served until 1893; appointed a special judge of the court of errors and appeals of the state of New Jersey; died in Englewood, N. J., June 17, 1894. Philips, John Finis, a Representative from Missouri; born in Boone county, Mo., December 31, 1834; attended the State University of Mis- souri and was graduated from Centre college, Dan- . ville, Ky., in 1855; studied law; member of trre constitutional convention of Missouri in 1861; commissioned colonel in 1862, and commanded a regimemt of cavalry in the Union army until the close of the war; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); 922 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. elected to the Forty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of A. M. Lay; appointed United States judge of the western district of Mis- souri by President Cleveland; a resident of Kansas City, Mo., and retired. Phillips, Fremont Orestes, a Representative from Ohio; born in Lafayette, Medina county, Ohio, March 16, 1856; moved to Medina in 1873; attended the Medina high school, Medina normal school, and Kenyon college; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1880 and practiced ; held the office of probate judge of Medina county; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901); resumed the practice of law in Medina, Ohio. Phillips, Henry Myer, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., June 30, 1811; completed preparatory studies; held various local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859); de- feated for the Thirty-sixth Congress; died in Phila- delphia, Pa., August 3, 1884. Phillips, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; native of Chester county, Pa.; received a limited schooling; elected as a Federalist to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4. 1821-March 3, 1823). Phillips, Philip, a Representative from Ala- bama; born in Charleston, S. C., December 13, 1807' pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Charles- ton, S. C., December 14, 1828; member of the state convention of 1832; served two years as a member of the legislature; moved to Mobile, Ala., where he resumed the practice of law; member of the Alabama state legislature in 1844 and 1851; dele- gate to the national Democratic convention of 1852; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); declined a renomination; resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C. Phillips, Stephen Clarendon, a Representa- tive from Massachusetts; born in Salem, Mass., November 4, 1801; was graduated from Harvard university in 1819 ; engaged in mercantile pursuits in Salem; served in the state house of representa- tives 1824-1829 and in the senate in 1830; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of Rufus Choate; reelected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses and served from December 1, 1834, to 1838, when he resigned; mayor of Salem 1838- 1842; defeated as the Free Soil candidate for gov- ernor in 1848 and 1849; engaged in the lumber business in Canada; perished in the burning of the steamer Montreal on the St. Lawrence river, June 26, 1857. Phillips, Thomas W., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in that section of Beaver county now included in Lawrence county, Pa., February 23, 1835; attended the common schools and was privately instructed; engaged in the oil business; president of the producers' protective association 1887-1890; president of the Citizens' national bank of Newcastle; member of the board of trustees of Bethany college, West Virginia, and of Hiram college, Ohio; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897); member of the Industrial commission until its dissolution. Phillips, William Addison, a Representative from Kansas; born in Paisley, Scotland, January 14, 1824; emigrated to the United States in 1838 and located in New York City; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; engaged in newspaper work; moved to Kansas; entered the Union army in 1861 as major; served in the Kansas state legislature; elected as a Republican to the Fortv-third, Forty- fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1879); died in Fort Gibson, Ind. Ter , November 30, 1893. Philson, Robert, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; native of Ireland; emigrated to the United States and located in Pennsylvania; re- ceived a limited schooling; held various offices; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819- March 3, 1821). Phister, Elijah Conner, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Maysville, Ky., October 8, 1822; attended the seminary of Rand and Rich- ardson, Maysville, Ky., and was graduated from Augusta college, Kentucky, in August, 1840; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in 1844; mayor of Maysville in January, 1848; circuit judge 1856-1862; member of the state legislature 1867-1871; appointed by Governor Leslie one of the commissioners to revise the state statutes in 1872, but declined ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883); died in Maysville, Ky., May 16, 1887. Phoenix, Jonas Phillips, a Representative from New York; born in Morristown, N. J., Janu- ary 14, 1788; received a limited schooling and be- came a merchant in New York City; held several offices under the city government; presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1841, elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); elected a member of the state house of representatives in 1848; again elected to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849- March 3, 1851); died in New York City, May 4, 1859. Pickens-, Andrew, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Paxton, Pa., September 19, 1739; attended the common schools; moved to South Carolina in 1752; entered the Revolutionary army as captain, and attained the rank of brigadier general ; served in the campaign against the Chero- kee Indians in 1782; served several years as a mem- ber of the statg house of representatives; elected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795); elected major general of militia in 1795; died in Pendleton district, S. C., August 11, 1817. Pickens, Francis Wilkinson, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Tagaloo, S. C., April 7, 1805; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Edgefield district in 1829; engaged in planting; served several years as a member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Nullifier to the Twenty-third Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George McDuffie; reelected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses, and served from De- cember 8, 1834, to March 3, 1843; member of the state house of representatives in 1844; member of the Nashville convention of 1850; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Cincinnati in BIOGRAPHIES. 923 1856; minister to Russia 1858-1860; elected Confed- erate governor of South Carolina and took an active part in the Civil war; died in Edgefield, S. C., Jan- uary 25, 1869. Pickens, Israel, a Representative from North Carolina and a Senator from Alabama; born in Cabarrus county, N. C., January 30, 1780; moved to Burke county, N. C., received a limited schooling; state senator in 1809; elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1817); appointed register of the land office of Mississippi territory in 1817; governor of Alabama 1821-1825; appointed from Alabama to the United States Senate, to fill va- cancy caused by the death of Henry Chambers, and served from February 17, 1826, until November 27, 1826; died near Matanzas, Cuba, April 24, 1827. Pickering, Timothy, a Senator and a Repre- sentative from Massachusetts; born in Salem, Mass., July 17, 1745; was graduated from Harvard college in 1763; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1768, and began practice in Salem; appointed a judge of the court of common pleas for Essex county in 1775 and judge of the provincial maritime court; en- tered the Revolutionary army as colonel ; appointed adjutant general May 24, 1777; elected by Congress quartermaster general (vice General Greene); Postmaster General 1791-1794; appointed Secre- tary of War January 2, 1794, and Secretary of State December 10, 1795, holding the last position until May 10, 1800; farmer in Pennsylvania; returned to Massachusetts in 1802; defeated candidate for the Eighth Congress; elected to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of D wight Foster; reelected and served from March 4, 1803, to March 3, 1811; defeated for reelection in 1811; member of the executive council; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817); re- turned to his farm near Wenham, Mass.; died in Salem, Mass., January 29, 1829. Pickett, Charles Edgar, a Representative from Iowa; born in Van Buren county, Iowa, January 14, 1866; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the Iowa state university in 1888 and from the law department in 1890; was admitted to the bar, and engaged in practice in Waterloo, Iowa; regent of the state university from 1896 to 1909; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Pickler, John Alfred, a Representative from South Dakota; born near Salem, Washington county, Ind., January 24, 1844; moved with his father to Davis county, Iowa; entered the army and served in the third Iowa cavalry; was mus- tered out as captain in that regiment ; subsequently served six months as major of the one hundred and thirty-eighth United States Iowa cavalry; was graduated from Iowa state university in 1870, and from the Ann Arbor law school in 1872; was ad- mitted to the bar and practiced; elected district attorney of Adair county, Mo., in the fall of 1872; moved to Muscatine, Iowa, in 1874; Garfield elector in 1880; member of the state legislature in 1881; moved to Dakota in 1883; elected to the Dakota legislature in 1884, and elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first, Fifty-scecond, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1897); resumed practice of law; died in Franklin, S. Dak., June 13, 1910. Pickman, Benjamin, jr., a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Salem, Mass., September 30, 1763; was graduated from Harvard college in 1784; studied law under Chief Justice Parsons, in Newburyport, Mass., and was admitted to the bar, but soon relinquished the practice of law and en- gaged in commercial pursuits ; member of the gen- eral court 1801-1802 and 1812-1813; senator in 1802- 1804; member of the executive council of the state 1805-1806, 1808-1809, 1813-1815, and 1819-1821; drafted the answers of the house to the governor's speeches in several sessions; elected to the Elev- enth Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811); in 1820 member of the convention to revise the con- stitution of the state of Massachusetts; overseer of Harvard college 1810-1818; president of the direc- tors of the Theological school at Cambridge and prominently identified with many religious and educational societies; died in Salem, Mass., August 16, 1843 Pidcock, James Nelson, a Representative from New Jersey! born in Whitehouse, Hunterdon county, N. J., February 8, 1836; attended the dis- trict schools; engaged in civil engineering 1850- 1857; farmer and dealer in live stock after 1857; state senator from Hunterdon county 1877-1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fif- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Whitehouse Station, N. Y., December 17, 1899. Pierce, Charles W., a Representative from Ala- bama; born in New York in 1823; completed pre- paratory studies; moved to Illinois; served as lieu- tenant of Illinois volunteer infantry in the Union army ; after the war remained in Alabama and lo- cated in Demopolis; held various public offices; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869). Pierce, Franklin, a Representative and a Sena- tor from New Hampshire; born in Hillsboro, N. H., November 23, 1804; was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1824; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1827 began practice in Hillsboro; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1829-1833 ; served as speaker 1832-1833; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1837, to February 28, 1842, when he resigned; re- sumed the practice of law in Concord; served in the Mexican war as colonel; commissioned briga- dier general in March, 1847, and remained in Mex- ico until the close of the war; member of the New Hampshire state constitutional convention of 1850, and its president; elected President of the United States, receiving 254 electoral votes against 42 votes for Winfield Scott, and serving from March 4, 1853, to March 3, 1857; died in Concord, N. H., October 8, 1869. Pierce, Gilbert Ashville, a Senator from North Dakota; born in East Otto, Cattaragus county, N. Y. ; moved to Indiana in 1854 ; attended the univer- sity of Chicago law school two years; enlisted in company H, ninth Indiana volunteers, in 1861, and elected second lieutenant of the company; ap- pointed captain and assistant quartermaster by President Lincoln; promoted to lieutenant colonel in November, 1863; appointed a colonel and in- spector, and special commissioner of the War De- partment, and served until October, 1865; member of the Indiana legislature in 1868; assistant finan- cial clerk of the United States Senate 1869-1871; 924 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTORY. resigned to accept an editorial position on the Chi- cago Inter-Ocean; served as associate editor and managing editor for twelve years; became con- nected with the Chicago Newt in 1883; appointed governor of Dakota in July, 1884; resigned in No- vember, 1886; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from November 21, 1889, to March 3, 1891; died in Chicago, 111., February 15, 1901. Pierce, Henry Lillie, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in S tough ton, Mass., August 23, 1825; pursued classical studies; engaged in manufacturing; held various local offices; member of the state house of representatives 1860-1866; mayor of Boston 1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Whiting; reelected to the Forty-fourth Congress, and served from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877; declined a renomination ; mayor of Boston in 1878; died in Boston, Mass., December 17, 1896. Pierce, Joseph, a Representative from New Hampshire; attended school in Amherst; served in the Revolutionary war in Col. Pierce Long's regi- ment 1775-1776; was elected to the Seventh Con- gress and served from March 4, 1801, until 1802, when he resigned; died in Stafford county, N. H., in 1828. Pierce, Bay Vaugh, a Representative from New York; bprn in Stark, Herkiiner county, N. Y., August 6, 1840; attended public and pri- vate schools and was graduated from a medical college in 1862; practiced medicine in Titusville, Pa., 1862-1866; moved to Buffalo, N. Y.,in 1867, and engaged in the manufacture and sale of proprietary medicines and established the Invalids Hotel and Surgical Institute; member of the state senate 1877-1879; elected as a Republican to the Forty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); a resident of Buffalo, N. Y., and a manufacturer and publisher. Pierce, Rice A., a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Dresden, Weakley county, Tenn., July 3, 1848; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar of the supreme court in Raleigh, N.C.,in July, 1868; began practice in Union City, Obion county, Tenn., in 1869; elected district attorney general of the twelfth judicial circuit in 1874; reelected in 1878 for eight years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); reelected to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893), and reelected to the Fifty- fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1905). Pierce, William, a Delegate from Georgia; born in Georgia about 1740; completed preparatory studies; served in the Revolutionary army with distinction and received a sword from Congress; engaged in mercantile pursuits in Savannah, Ga.; member of the state general assembly; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1786-1787; delegate from Georgia to the convention which framed the Fed- eral constitution; died in Savannah, Ga., Decem- ber 10, 1789. Pierson, Isaac, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Orange, Essex county, N. J., August 15, 1770; was graduated from Princeton college in 1789; studied medicine, was graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, and began practice in Orange, N. J.; elected assessor of Orange April 13, 1807, and served one year; president of the medical society of New Jersey in 1827; sheriff of Essex county one term; elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831); died in Orange, N. J., September 22, 1833. Pierson, Jeremiah Halsey, a Representative from New York; born in Newark, N. J., September 13, 1766; moved with parents to Richmond, Mass., in 1772; attended the public schools of Richmond and Stockbridge, Mass., and completed prepara- tory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Massachusetts and later in New York City in 1795; justice of the peace 1802-1807; associate justice of the court of common pleas in 1808; largely instrumental in securing the con- struction of the Erie railroad ; elected as a Federal- ist to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821- March 3, 1823); died in Ramapo, N. Y., December 12, 1855. Pierson, Job, a Representative from New York; native of New York; attended the common schools; was graduated from Williams college in 1811; held several local offices; elected to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835); died in Troy, N. Y., April 9, 1860. Pigott, James Protus, a Representative from Connecticut; born in New Haven, Conn., Septem- ber 11, 1852; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Yale college in 1878 and from the law school in 1880; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New Haven, Conn.; member of the state house of representatives in 1885 and 1886; chairman of the state delegation in the Democratic national convention of 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895) ; delegate at large to the Democratic national convention at Kansas City in 1900; resumed the practice of law in New Haven, Conn. Pike, Austin Franklin, a Representative and a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Hebron, N. H., October 14, 1819; pursued an academic course; studied law and was admitted to the bar of Merrimack county in July, 1845; member of the state house of representatives in 1850, 1851, 1852, 1865-1866, and was speaker of the house the last two years; member of the senate in 1857-1858 and president the last year; delegate in thePhiladelphia convention which nominated General Fremont in 1856; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1875; elected as a Republican to the United Sates Senate and served from March 4, 1883, until his death in Franklin, N. H., October 8, 1886. Pike, Frederick Augustus, a Representative from Maine; born in Calais, Me., December 9, 1817; received a thorough English training; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1840 began prac- tice in Calais; one year edited the Calais Adver- tiser; served a number of years as a member of the state legislature and one year as speaker of the house ; prosecuting attorney for Washington county; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869) ; again elected to the state legislature; defeated as the Liberal Republican candidate for the Forty-third Con- gress; died in Calais, Me., December 2, 1886. BIOGRAPHIES. 925 Pike, James, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Salisbury, Mass., November 10, 1818; pursued classical studies; studied the- ology and was graduated from the Wesleyan uni- versity, Connecticut; minister 1841-1854; moved to New Hampshire; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); colonel of the sixteenth New Hampshire infantry October 28, 1862, to August 20, 1863; after leaving Congress resumed preaching and became presiding elder of the Dover district; died in Newfields, N. H., July 26, 1895. Pile, William A., a Representative from Mis- souri; born near Indianapolis, Ind., February 11, 1829; completed preparatory studies; studied theology and became a minister in the Methodist Episcopal church and a member of the Missouri conference; entered the Union army; chaplain first Missouri light artillery June 12, 1861; lieu- tenant colonel thirty-third Missouri infantry September 5, 1862; colonel December 23, 1862; brigadier general of volunteers December 26, 1863; brevet major general April 9, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service in the siege and capture of Fort Blakeley, Ala.;" mustered out August 24, 1865; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Con- gress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); defeated for reelection; governor of New Mexico 1869-1870; minister resident to Venezuela 1871-1874, when he resigned; died in Monrovia, Cal., July 7, 1889. Piles, Samuel Henry, a Senator from Wash- ington; born in Livingston county, Ky., December 28, 1858; attended private schools in Smithland, Ky.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and located in Snohomish, Wash., in 1883; in 1886 moved to Spokane, Wash., and later in the same year to Seattle, where he practiced; assistant prosecuting attorney 1887-1889; city attorney of Seattle 1888-1889; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1905, to March 3, 1911; resumed the practice of law in Seattle, Wash. Pilsbury, Timothy, a Representative from Texas; born in Newbury, Mass., April 12, 1789; attended the public schools; located in Maine; served in the Maine legislature and was a member of the executive council; defeated for Congress; moved to Ohio, then to Louisiana, and then to Brazonia, Tex.; served in the house of representa- tives and the senate of the Republic of Texas; elected as a Calhoun Democrat to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849); defeated for reelection; died near Danville, Tex., November 23, 1858. Pinckney, Charles, a Delegate, a Senator, and a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., March 9, 1758; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1779; member of the provisional legislature 1779-1780; taken prisoner by the British in 1780; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1777-1778, and again in 1784-1787; also a member of the United States constitutional convention of 1787; member of the state constitutional conven- tion in 1788 and 1790; governor of South Carolina 1789-1792 and 1796-1798; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Hunter and served from De- cember 4, 1798 to December, 1801, when he re- signed ; minister to Spain 1803-1805; member of the state legislature 1806; governor of South Carolina 1806-1808; again a member of the state legislature 1810-1814; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); died in Charleston, S. C., October 29, 1824. Pinckney, Henry Laurens, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., September 24, 1794; was graduated from South Carolina college in 1812; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Charleston ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1816-1832; mayor of Charleston; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837); again mayor of Charleston 1839-1840; collector of the port of Charleston; died in Charleston, S. C., February 3, 1863. Pinckney, John McPherson, a Representative from Texas; born in Grimes county, Tex., May 4, 1845; attended the public schools and was privately instructed; a private soldier in the Confederate army; served four years in the fourth Texas regi- ment, Dodd's brigade; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and entered upon practice in 1875; served ten years as district attorney for the twenty- third judicial district of Texas, and three years aa county judge of Waller county; was elected aa a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth Congress November 17, 1903, to fill the vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Thomas H. Ball; reelected to the Fifty- ninth Congress and served from December 7, 1903, until he was assaulted and killed in Hempstead, Tex., April 24, 1905. Pinckney, Thomas, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., October 23, 1750; was graduated from Oxford university, England; studied law in the Temple in London, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Charleston, S. C., in 1773; major in the Revolu- tionary army, and captured at the battle of Gum Swamp in 1780; governor of South Carolina 1787- 1789; member of the state legislature in 1791; min- ister to Great Britain January 12, 1792, to July 28, 1796; minister to Spain November 24, 1794, to No- vember, 1795; elected as a Federalist to the Fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Smith; reelected to the Sixth Congress, and served from November 23, 1797, to March 3, 1801; appointed major general in the war of 1812 and served throughout the war; president general of the Society of the Cincinnati 1825-1829; died in Charleston, S. C., November 2, 1828. Pindall, James, a Representative from Vir- ginia; native of Virginia; attended the common schools; held various local offices; elected as a Federalist to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1817 to 1820, when he resigned. Pindar, John Sigsbee, a Representative from New York; born in Sharon, Schoharie county, N.Y., November 18, 1835; attended the common schools and Richmond ville seminary; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1865; elected president of the village of Cobleskill in 1882, 1883, and 1884; chairman of the Democratic county committee for ten years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887); resumed the practice of law in Cobleskill, N. Y. ; was elected to the Fifty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of David Wilber, and served from De- cember 1, 1890, to March 3, 1891; died in Cobles- kill, N. Y., June 30, 1907. 926 CONGEESSIONAL DIKECTORY. Pinkney, William, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland; born in Annapolis, Md., March 17, 1764; pursued classical studies; studied medicine, but did not practice; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1786, and began prac- tice in Harford county, Md.; member of the state constitutional convention in 1788, and of the state house of delegates 1789-1792; elected to the Second Congress, and served from March 4, 1791, to November of that year, when he resigned, the question of ineligibility being raised on account of nonresidence; member of the executive council of Maryland 1792-1795; again a member of the house of delegates in 1795; one of the commis- sioners at London under Jay's treaty 1796-1804; attorney general of Maryland 1805; joint minister to Great Britain with James Monroe 1806-1807, and minister plenipotentiary 1807-1811; returned to Baltimore in 1811; served in the state senate; Attorney General of the United States December 11, 1811, to February 10, 1814; wounded at the battle of Bladensburg, Md., August 24, 1814; elected to the Fourteenth Congress, and served from January 8, 1816, to April 23, 1816, when he resigned, having been appointed minister to the Two Sicilies; minister plenipotentiary to Russia 1816-1818; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alexander Contee Hanson, and served from December 21, 1819, until his death, in Washington, D. C., Feb- ruary 25, 1822. Piper, William, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; was elected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1817). Piper, William Augustus, a Representative from California; born in Franklin county, Pa., in 1825; attended common schools; moved to St. Louis, Mo.; served in the Mexican war; moved to California in 1848 and in 1849 located in San Fran- cisco, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); defeated for reelec- tion. Pirce, William Almy, a Representative and a Senator from Rhode Island ; born in Scituate, R. I., February 29, 1824; attended district schools and Smithfield seminary; taught school; engaged in the manufacture of cotton goods 1854-1863; as- sessor of internal revenue for the second district of Rhode Island 1862-1873; elected state senator in 1855; member of the state house of representatives in 1858, 1862, 1879, 1880, and 1881;' and again elected state senator in 1882; chairman of the Rhode Island delegation in the Republican na- tional convention in Chicago in 1880, and member of the Republican national committee 1880 and 1884; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth Congress, and served from March 4, 1885, to Jan- uary 25, 1887, when the seat was declared vacant on account of irregularities in the election; died March 5, 1891, in Johnston, R. I. Pitcher, Nathaniel, a Representative from New York; born in Litch field, Conn., in 1777; re- ceived a limited schooling; moved to Sandy Hill, N. Y.; member of the state assembly 1806, 1815- 1817; delegate in the state constitutional conven- tion of 1821; lieutenant governor of New York in 1826 and acting governor upon the death of Gov- ernor Clinton, 1827-1829; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1823); reelected to the Twenty- second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833); died in Sandy Hill, N. Y., May 25, 1836. Pitkin, Timothy, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Farmington, Conn., January 20, 1766; was graduated from Yale college in 1785; studied law with Oliver Wolcott, was admitted to the bar in 1788, and began practice in Farmington; member of the state assembly 1790-1805, and speaker five years; elected to the Ninth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1819); died in New Haven, Conn., December 18, 1847. Pitman, Charles W., a Representative from Pennsylvania; native of New Jersey; attended the common schools; moved to Pottsville, Pa.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851). Pitney, Mahlon, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Morristown, N. J., February 5, 1858; attended public schools; entered Princeton college in 1875, and was graduated in 1879; studied law for three years and was admitted to the bar in June, 1882, and practiced in Dover, Morris county, N. J., 1882-1889; returned to Morristown; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1895, until January 10, 1899, when he resigned; state senator 1899-1901, and president of the senate in 1901; associate justice supreme court of New Jersey 1901- 1908; chancellor 1908-1912; appointed associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States February 19, 1912, and took the oath of office March 18, 1912. Plaisted, Harris Merrill, a Representative from Maine, born in Jefferson, N. H., November 2, 1828; completed preparatory studies; was grad- uated from Waterville college, Me., in 1853; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1856 began practice in Bangor, Me. ; served in the Union army ; lieutenant colonel of the eleventh Maine in- fantry October 30, 1861; colonel May 12, 1862; bre- vet brigadier general of volunteers February 21, 1865; major general March. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war;" honor- ably discharged March 25, 1865; member of the state legislature 1867-1868; delegate to the Repub- lican national convention in Chicago in 1868; attorney general of Maine 1873, 1874, and 1875; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth Con- fress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Samuel '. Hersey, and served from December 6, 1875, to March 3, 1877; governor 1881-1882; died in Bangor, Me., January 31, 1898. Plant, David, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Stratford, Conn., March 29, 1783; was graduated from Yale college in 1804; studied law in the Litchfield, Conn., law school, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Strat- ford; member of the state house of representatives 1819-1820, and its speaker; state senator 1821-1823; lieutenant governor of Connecticut 1823-1827; elected to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827- March 3, 1829); died in Stratford, Conn., October 18, 1851. Plants, Tobias Avery, a Representative from Ohio; born in Beaver county, Pa., March 17, 1811; received a limited schooling; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Pomeroy, Ohio; served several years as a member of the state legislature; elected as a Federalist to the Thirty- BIOGRAPHIES. 927 ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865- March 3, 1869) ; judge of the court of common pleas; died in Pomeroy, Ohio, June 19, 1887. Plater, George, a Delegate from Maryland; born in Sotterly, near Leonardtown, St. Marys county, Md., Novembers, 1735; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1753; studied law and began practice in Annapolis, Md. ; member of Mary- land house of delegates in 1758; naval officer at Pa- tuxent 1767-1771; judge of the provincial court 1771-1773; member of the council 1773-1774; rep- resented St. Marys county in the Annapolis con- ventions of 1776; delegate in the Continental Con- gress 1778-1781 ; president of the state constitutional convention which ratified the Federal Constitu- tion; presidential elector in 1789; governor of Maryland in 1791; died in Annapolis, Md., Febru- ary 10, 1792; interment in Sotterly, Md. Plater, Thomas, a Representative from Mary- land; a native of Annapolis, Md.; received a lim- ited education; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; held several local offices; elected to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1805). Platt, James H., jr., a Representative from Virginia; born of American parents in St. Johns, Canada, July 13, 1837; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from the medical de- partment of the University of Vermont in 1859; entered the Union army in 1861 as first sergeant of the third Vermont volunteers; served as captain and lieutenant colonel and assigned to duty as chief quartermaster of the sixth corps, but de- clined; settled in Petersburg, Va., April 6, 1865; elected a member of the constitutional convention of Virginia in 1867; moved to Norfolk, Va. ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first, Forty -second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1875); defeated as the Republican candidate for the Forty -fourth Congress. Platt, Jonas, a Representative from New York; born in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., June 30, 1769; received a limited schooling; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Poughkeepsie; held various local offices; elected to the Sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801); appointed a justice of the supreme court of New York February 23, 1814; died in Peru, N. Y., February 22, 1834. Platt, Orville Hitchcock, a Senator from Con- necticut; born in Washington, Conn., July 19, 1827; was graduated from Gunn academy, W r ashington, Conn., and attended the Litchfield law school; was admitted to the bar in 1849 and practiced in Philadelphia, Pa., 1849-1851, and in Meriden, Conn., after 1851; clerk of the state senate 1855- 1856; secretary of state of Connecticut in 1857; member of the state senate in 1861-1862; member of the state house of representatives in 1864 and 1869, and served as speaker in 1869; state's attorney for New Haven county 1877-1879; elected as a Re- publican to the United States Senate in 1879 ; re- elected in 1885, 1891, 1897, and 1903; served from March 4, 1879, until his death in West Meriden, Conn., April 21, 1905. Platt, Thomas Collier, a Representative and a Senator from New York; born in Owego, N. Y., July 15, 1833; was prepared for college in the Owego academy and attended Yale 1849-1850; entered mercantile life and was president of the Tioga national bank at its organization; largely interested in the lumbering business in Michigan; clerk of Tioga county 1859-1861; elected to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877); elected to the United States Senate January 18, 1881, and served from March 4, 1881, to May 16, 1881, when he resigned with his colleague, Roscoe Conkling, on account of a disagreement with President Garfield over Fed- eral appointments in New York; secretary and director of the United States Express Company in 1879, and in 1880 elected president of the company; member and president of the board of quarantine commissioners of New York 1880-1888 ; delegate to the Republican national conventions of 1876, 1880, 1884, 1888, 1892, 1896, 1900, and 1904; mem- ber of the national Republican committee; elected to the United States Senate in 1896; reelected and served from March 4, 1897, to March 3, 1909; died in New York City, March 6, 1910. Platt, Zephaniah, a Delegate from New York; born in Dutchess county, N. Y., in 1740; received a thorough English training; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1784-1786; district judge for several years; one of the projectors of the Erie canal; died in Plattsburg, N. Y., September 12, 1807. Pleasants, James, a Representative and a Senator from Virginia; born in Goochland county, Va., October 24, 1769; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Goochland; state representative in 1796-1803; elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1811, until December 14, 1819, when he resigned ; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John W. Eppes, and served from December 10, 1819, to December 15, 1822, when he resigned to become governor of Virginia; delegate to the state constitutional convention 1829-1830; died near Goochland, Va., November 9, 1839. Plowman, Thomas Scales, a Representative from Alabama; born June 8, 1843; joined the Con- federate service in May, 1862, as a member of company F, fifty-first Alabama cavalry, and was engaged in all the battles of the regiment from Murfreesboro to Atlanta; severely wounded in the battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1864; engaged in the mercantile business in Talladega, Ala. ; three times mayor; delegate in the national convention in St. Louis in 1888 ; for a number of years president of the First National bank of Talladega; presented cre- dentials as Member-elect and as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress and served from March 4, 1897, to February 9, 1898, when he was succeeded by William F. Aldrich, who contested his election; member of the state senate in 1912. Plumb, Preston B., a Senator from Kansas; born in Delaware county, Ohio, October 12, 1837; attended the common schools; learned the art of printing and afterwards aided in establishing the Xenia News; moved to Kansas in 1856 and estab- lished the Emporia News; member of the Leaven- worth constitutional convention of 1859; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1861; elected to the lower house of the Kansas legislature in 1862; reporter of the supreme court; in August, 1862, entered the Union army as second lieutenant in the eleventh Kansas infantry, and served suc- cessively as captain, major, and lieutenant colonel; member and speaker of the Kansas house of repre- 928 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. sentatives in 1867, and member in 1868; relin- quished the practice of law and became president of the Emporia national bank in 1873; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate; reelected in 1883 and 1888; served from March 4, 1877, until his death in Washington, D. C., December 20, 1891. Plumb, Ralph, a Representative from Illinois; born in Busti, Chautauqua county, N. Y., March 29, 1816; attended the common schools; engaged as a merchant for eighteen years; elected in 1855 a member of the lower house of the Ohio legislature; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the Union army as captain and quartermaster of volunteers 1861-1865; was bre vetted lieutenant colonel; engaged in coal mining and railroad build- ing; mayor of Streator, 111., 1882-1885; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889); died in Streator, 111., April 8, 1903. Plumer, Arnold, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born near Cooperstown, Pa., June 6, 1801; completed preparatory studies; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); reelected to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); died in Franklin, Pa., April 28, 1869. Plumer, George, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born near Pittsburgh, Pa., December 5, 1762; received a limited schooling; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1827); died near West Newton, Pa., June 8, 1843. Plumer, William, a Senator from New Hamp- shire; born in Newburyport, Mass., June 25, 1759; moved with his parents to Epping, N. H., in 1768; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1787 in Epping; held various local offices; served eight terms in the state house of representatives and two years as speaker; president of the state senate 1810-1811; member of the state constitutional con- vention in 1791-1792; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Sheafe, and served from June 17, 1802, to March 3, 1807; governor of New Hampshire 1812- 1813 and 1816-1819; presidential elector in 1820; retired and was devoted to literary pursuits; died in Epping, N. H., December 22, 1850. Plumer, William, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Epping, N. H., October 9, 1789' was graduated from Harvard college in 1809; studied law, was admitted to the bar, but never practiced; United States commissioner of loans 1816-1817; served several years in both branches of the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1827); member of the constitutional convention of 1850; died in Epping, N. H., September 18, 1854. Plumley, Frank, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Eden, Vt., December 17, 1844; at- tended the public schools, an academy, and was one year in Michigan university, law department; was admitted to the bar in Lamoille county, Vt., May, 1869, and began practice in Northfield; state's attorney of Washington county 1876-1880; district attorney of the United States for the dis- trict of Vermont 1889-1894; appointed a member of the Vermont court of claims in 1902; chief judge 1904-1906; was appointed umpire by President Roosevelt in 1903 of the mixed commissions of Great Britain and Venezuela, and Holland and Venezuela, sitting in Caracas; was later selected by France and by Venezuela as umpire in the French- Venezuela mixed commission, which sat in Northfield in 1905; trustee of Norwich univer- sity; elected to the state house of representatives in 1882, and to the state senate in 1894; delegate in the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1888; chairman of the Vermont Republican con- vention in 1886; for many years trustee of the Northfield savings bank and its vice president; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty -second Congress. Plummer, Franklin E., a Representative from Mississippi; native of Virginia; completed prepara- tory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Westville, Miss.; held vari- ous local offices; elected to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835); died in Jackson, Miss., September 24, 1802. Poehler, Henry, a Representative from Minne- sota; born in Lippe-Detmold, Germany, August 22, 1833; attended common schools; emigrated to the United States in April, 1848, and settled in Iowa; moved to Henderson, Sibley county, Minn., in 1853; engaged in mercantile business; elected a member of the first state legislature in 1857-1858, and reelected in 1865; state senator 1872-1873; and 1876-1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881); defeated for reelection in 1886; candidate for state treasurer, and defeated; moved to Los Angeles, Cal., in 1896. Poindexter, George, a Delegate, a Represent- ative, and a Senator from Mississippi; born in Louisa county, Va., in 1779; completed prepara- tory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Richmond, Va.; moved to the Territory of Mississippi in 1802 and practiced law in Natchez; held various offices; attorney gen- eral of the territory under Governor Claiborne; member of the state general assembly in 1805; elected a Delegate from Mississippi territory to the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfty Congresses (March 4, 1807 -March 3, 1813); United States district judge for the territory; served in the War of 1812; elected a Representative to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); governor of Mis- sissippi 1819-1821; appointed to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Robert H. Adams; subsequently elected and served from October 15, 1830, to March 3, 1835; moved to Kentucky and practiced law in Lexington; returned to Jackson, Miss., and died there Sep- tember 5, 1853. Poindexter, Miles, a Representative and a Senator from Washington; born in Memphis, Tenn., April 22, 1868; attended Fancy Hill academy, Rockbridge county, Va., and Washington and Lee university, Lexington, Va., in both the academic and law departments, and was graduated from the law department in June, 1891; located in Walla Walla, Wash., October 10, 1891, and began the practice of law; in November, 1892, was elected prosecuting attorney of Walla Walla county; Octo- ber 10, 1897, moved to Spokane; assistant prose- cuting attorney for Spokane county for six years, until elected judge of the superior court in Novem- ber, 1904; remained upon the bench until nomi- nated for Congress, September 8, 1908; elected as a BIOGRAPHIES. 929 Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911); elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1911. Poinsett, Joel Roberts, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., March 2, 1779; completed preparatory studies; studied medi- cine in Edinburgh, Scotland, and attended the military school in Woolwich, England; sent to South America by President Madison in 1809 to investigate the prospects of the revolutionists there; returned to South Carolina; held various lo- cal offices; elected as a Federalist to the Seven- teenth and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821- March 3, 1825); minister to Mexico 1825-1829; Sec- retary of War under President Van Buren 1837- 1841; died in Statesburg, S. C., December 12, 1851. Poland, Luke Potter, a Senator and a Repre- sentative from Vermont; born in Westford, Vt., November 1, 1815; attended the common schools and Jericho academy; studied law, and was ad- mitted to the bar in December, 1836, and prac- ticed in Waterville, Vt.; register of probate 1839- 1840; prosecuting attorney of Lamoille county 18441845; member of the constitutional conven- tion of 1843; elected a judge of the supreme court of Vermont in 1848-1860; became chief justice in 1860, and served until November, 1865, when he resigned; appointed and subsequently elected to the Senate of the United States, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Jacob Collamer; was re- elected and served from November 21, 1865, to March. 3, 1867; elected a Representative to the Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1875); elected to the Vermont house of representatives in 1878; elected by the legislature a trustee of the Univer- sity of Vermont and State Agricultural college; president of the First National bank of St. Johns- bury for twenty years; elected as a Republican to the Forty -eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); declined a renomination; died in his coun- try home near Waterville, Vt., July 2, 1887. Polk, James Knox, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born near Little Sugar Creek, Mecklenburg county, N. C., November 2, 1795; moved with his parents to Tennessee in 1806; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1818; studied law, and in 1820 was admitted to practice; served in the state legislature 1823-1825; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth, and to the six suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1839); served as Speaker from December 7, 1835; governor of Tennessee in 1839 ; elected as a Democrat Presi- dent of the United States in 1844, and served from March 4, 1845, to March 3, 1849; declined a re- nomination; died in Nashville, Tenn., June 15, 1849; interment within the grounds of the state capitol. Polk, Bufus King, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Columbia, Maury county, Tenn., August 23, 1866; attended the Webb's academy, Culleoka, Tenn., and Lehigh university, South Bethlehem, Pa. ; was graduated a mining engineer; served as first lieutenant company F, twelfth regi- ment Pennsylvania volunteer infantry, in the war with Spain; interested in the manufacture of iron and steel as general manager of the Danville Bes- semer company; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1899, until his death, in Philadelphia, Pa., March 5, 1902. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 59 Polk, Trusten, a Senator from Missouri; born in Sussex county, Del., May 29, 1811; was graduated from Yale college in 1831; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in St. Louis, Mo., in 1835; a delegate to the Missouri state constitutional convention of 1845; presiden- tial elector in 1848; inaugurated as governor of Missouri in January, 1857, but soon afterwards re- signed ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1857, to January 10, 1862, when he was expelled for disloyalty; was a prisoner of war in 1864; judge in the military courts of the department of Mississippi 1864-1865; died in St. Louis, Mo., April 16, 1876. Polk, William Hawkins, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Maury county, Tenn., May 24, 18J.5; attended the University of North Carolina 1832-1833; was graduated from the University of Tennessee; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Columbia, Tenn., in 1839; state representative 1842-1845; minister to Naples 1845-1847; major in the Mexican war 1847-1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); died in Nash- ville, Tenn., December 16, 1862. Pollard, Ernest Mark, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Nehawka, Cass county, Nebr., April 15, 1869; attended the district school in Ne- hawka and was graduated from the Nebraska state university, in Lincoln, in 1893; engaged in busi- ness and in apple growing; member of the state legislature 1896-1897 and 1898-1899; president of the Nebraska Republican league in 1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Elmer J. Burkett; reelected to the Sixtieth Congress, and served from December 4, 1905, to March 4, 1909. Pollard, Henry M., a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Plymouth, Vt., June 14, 1836; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1857; served in the Union army as major of the eighth regiment of Vermont volunteers; moved to Chillicothe, Mo., in 1865; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879). Pollock, James, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Milton, Pa., September 11, 1810; was graduated from Princeton college in 1831; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Milton, Pa.; judge of the court of common pleas; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Henry Frick; reelected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses, and served from April 23, 1844, to March 4, 1849; governor of Pennsylvania 1855- 1858; delegate to the peace convention in Wash- ington, D. C., in 1861; director of the mint in Philadelphia 1861-1867; died in Lock Haven, Pa., April 19, 1890. Polsley, Daniel Haymond, a Representative from West Virginia; born near Fairmont, Va., No- vember 28, 1803; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed several years in Wellsburg, Brooke county, Va.; became a farmer; member of the West Vir- ginia constitutional convention of 1861; elected governor of the loyal state of Virginia in 1861; elected. judge of the seventh judicial district of West Virginia in 1863; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); died in Point Pleasant, W. Va., October 14, 1877. 930 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Pomeroy, Charles, a Representative from Iowa; born in Meriden, Conn., September 3, 1825; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; engaged in farming; moved to Iowa in 1855; a presidential elector on the Lincoln ticket in 1860; appointed receiver of the United States land office at Fort Dodge, Iowa, in 1861; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871); died in Washington, D. C., February 11, 1890. Pomeroy, Samuel Clarke, a Senator from Kan- sas; born in Southampton, Mass., January 3, 1816; was graduated from Amherst college, Mass. ; moved to New York City, where he resided several years; returned to Southampton, Mass.; held various local offices; member of the legislature in 1852- 1853; moved to Kansas in 1854; settled in Law- rence; moved to Atchison, Kans., in 1859, and was its mayor; delegate to the national Republican conventions of 1856 and 1860; elected to the United States Senate; reelected and served from April 4, 1861, to March 3, 1873; defeated as a can- didate for the United States Senate in 1873; re- sided in Washington, D. C., for several years; died in Whitinsville, Mass., August 27, 1891. Pomeroy, Theodore Medad, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Cayuga, N. Y., De- cember 31, 1824; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Hamilton college, N. Y., in 1842; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1846, and practiced in Auburn, N. Y., 1846-1870; district attorney of Cayuga county 1850-1856; member of the general assembly of New York in 1857; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh, Thirty- eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1869); was elected Speaker of the House March 3, 1869; mayor of Auburn, N. Y., 1875-4876; state senator 1878-1879; engaged in the banking business in Auburn after 1870; first vice president and general counsel of the American Express company; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1860 and 1876 and tem- Sarary chairman of the latter; died in Auburn, . Y., March 23, 1905. Pond, Benjamin, a Representative from New York; born in Stockbridge, Mass., in 1768; attended the district school; moved to Poultney, Vt., then to Crown Point, N. Y., in 1800; was a soldier in Captain Walker's thirty-seventh regiment of New York volunteers in the War of 1812; was a justice of the peace and for several years judge of the court of common pleas of Essex county with residence in North Hudson; member of the state assembly 1808- 1810; elected as a Whig to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813); reelected to the Fourteenth Congress, but died, before it assembled , in Schroon Lake, N. Y., October 6, 1814. Pool, John, a Senator from North Carolina; born in Pasquotank county, N. C., June 16, 1826; was graduated from the university of North Caro- lina in 1847; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Elizabeth City, N. C., 1847-1856; elected a state senator in 1856, 1858, 1864, and 1865; was a member of the state constitutional conven- tion of 1865; elected to the United States Senate in 1865, but not permitted to take his seat, as the state had not been allowed re-representation; again elected in 1868, and served from June 25, 1868, to March 3, 1873; died in Washington, D. C., August 18, 1884. Poole, Theodore Lewis, a Representative from New York; born in Jordan, Onondaga county, N. Y., April 10, 1840; attended common schools; enlisted as quartermaster sergeant in the one hun- dred and twenty-second regiment New York vol- unteers July, 1862; wounded in the battle of Cold Harbor, Va., June 1, 1864; discharged as captain and brevet major July 3, 1865; county clerk of Onondaga county 1868-1870; United States pen- sion agent for the western district of New York 1879-1888; commander of the department of New York, Grand Army of the Republic, 1892; engaged in various manufacturing industries and corpora- tions; director of the Bank of Syracuse; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897); died in Syracuse, N. Y., De- cember 23, 1900. Pope, John, a Senator and a Representative from Kentucky; born in Prince William county, Va., in 1770; completed preparatory studies; stud- ied law, and moved to Springfield, Ky.; was ad- mitted to the bar and practiced in Washington, Shelby, and Fayette counties; served several years as a member of the state house of representatives; a presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1801; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1813; territorial governor of Arkansas 1829-1835; returned to Springfield, Ky.; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty -fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twen- ty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843); defeated for reelection to the Twenty-eighth Congress; died in Springfield, Ky., July 12, 1845. Pope, Nathaniel, a Delegate from Illinois Ter- ritory; born in Louisville, Ky., January 5, 1784; was graduated from the Transylvania university; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1804 located in St. Gene vie ve, Mo., where he began practice; moved to Springfield, 111., and appointed secretary of the Territory of Illinois in 1809; elected a Delegate to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1819); appointed United States judge for the district of Illinois in 1818, and held that position until he died, in St. Louis, Mo., January 23, 1850. Pope, PatrickHamilton, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Louisville, Ky., March 17, 1806; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835); defeated for reelection to the Twenty-fourth Congress; died in Louisville, Ky., May 4, 1841. Popple ton, Early Franklin, a Representative from Ohio; born in Belleville, Richland county, Ohio, September 29, 1834; pursued classical stud- ies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Elyria, Ohio; elected to the state senate in 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877) ; died in Delaware, Ohio, May 6, 1899. Porter, Albert Gallatin, a Representative from Indiana; born in Lawrenceburg, Ind., April 20, 1824; attended the preparatory department of Hanover college and was graduated from Indiana Asbury university in 1843; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and in 1845 began practice in Indianapolis; held various local offices; reporter of the Indiana supreme court in 1853-1857; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863); appointed First Comptroller of the Treasury March 5, 1878, and served until 1880; governor of Indiana BIOGRAPHIES. 931 1881-1884 ; delegate in the Republican national con- vention of 1888; minister to Italy, 1889-1892; died in Indianapolis, Ind., May 3, 1897. Porter, Alexander, a Senator from Louisiana; born near Armagh, county Tyrone, Ireland, in 1786; came to the United States in 1801 with an uncle, and located in Nashville, Tenn.; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Attakapas, La.; moved to St. Martinsville, La., in 1810; delegate to the convention which framed the state constitu- tion in 1811; judge of the state supreme court 1821- 1833; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Josiah S. Johnston, and served from December 19, 1833, to January 5, 1837, when he resigned; again elected to the United States Senate for term beginning March 4, 1843, but did not qualify or take his seat; died in Attakapas, La., January 13, 1844. Porter, Augustus Steele, a Senator from Michigan ; born in Canandaigua, N. Y., January 18, 1798; was graduated from Union college in 1818; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Detroit, Mich.; mayor of Detroit in 1838; elected as a Whig to the United States Sen- ate, and served from January 20, 1840, to March 3, 1845; moved to Niagara Falls, N. Y., in 1848, and died there September 18, 1872. Porter, Charles Howell, a Representative from Virginia; born in Cairo, N. Y., June 21, 1833; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Greene county, N. Y.; entered the Union Army in 1861 as a member of the first New York mounted rifles; moved to Norfolk, Va.; held various local offices; member of the constitutional convention of Vir- ginia in 1867 and 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty -first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); died in Cairo, N. Y., July 9, 1897. Porter, Gilchrist, a Representative from Mis- souri; native of Virginia; received a limited school- ing; moved to Bowling Green, Mo.; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851- March 3, 1853); defeated as the Whig candidate for reelection to the Thirty-third Congress; elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857). Porter, Henry Kirke, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Concord, N. H., November 24, 1840; attended public and private schools, and fitted for college at the New London academy, New- London, N. H.; was graduated from Brown uni- versity, Providence, R. I., in 1860; pursued pro- fessional studies in Newton theological seminary, Newton Center, Mass., and in Rochester theolog- ical seminary, Rochester, N. Y., 1861-1866; en- listed in the forty-fifth Massachusetts volunteer militia in 1862 and mustered out of service in July, 1863; began business in Pittsburgh, Pa., in May, 1866; vice president Pittsburgh chamber'of com- merce; member board of trustees Western Penn- sylvania institute for the blind; elected to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905). Porter, James, a Representative from New York; born in Williamstown, Mass.; was graduated from Williams college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Skaneateles, N. Y.; served two terms in the state assembly; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); register of the court of chancery in Albany, N. Y., where he died. Porter, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; native of Pennsylvania; received a limited schooling; elected to the Ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Michael Leib; reelected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, and served from December 8, 1806, to March 4, 1811. Porter, Peter Augustus, a Representative from New York ; born in Niagara Falls, N . Y. , October 10, 1853; attended St. Paul's school, Concord, N. H., 1865-1871, and was graduated from Yale uni- versity in 1874; member of the New York state as- sembly 1886-1887; introduced and passed the first bill for great power development at Niagara Falls; nominated by Independent Republicans, indorsed by Democrats and Independence League, and elected to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1909). Porter, Peter Buel, a Representative from New York; born in Salisbury, Conn., August 4, 1773; was graduated from Yale college in 1791; studied law in Litchfield, Conn., was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Canandaigua, N. Y., in 1793; held various local offices; member of the New York assembly in 1802; moved to Buffalo, N. Y., in the fall of 1802; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1813); served in the War of 1812; major general of New York volunteers 1812-1815; presented a gold medal under joint resolution of Congress of date November 3, 1814, "for gallantry and good conduct in the several con- flicts of Chippewa, Niagara, and Erie, Upper Canada;" elected to the Fourteenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1815, to January 23, 1816, when he resigned; secretary of state of New York 1815-1816; appointed by John Qunicy Adams Secretary of War, and served from June 21, 1828, to March 9, 1829; died in Niagara Falls, N. Y., March 20, 1844. Porter, Timothy H., a Representative from New York; native of New Haven, Conn.; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Olean, N. Y.; member of the state assembly 1816-1817, and the state senate 1823; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827); again a member of the state senate 1828-1831, and of the state assembly 1838-1840. Posey, Prank P., a Representative from Indi- ana; native of that state; elected to the Fiftieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Alvin P. Hovey, and served from February 6, 1889, to March 3, 1889. Posey, Thomas, a Senator from Louisiana; born in Fairfax county, Va., July 9, 1750; received a limited schooling; held various local offices; moved to the western frontier of Virginia in 1769; served in the French and Indian war, also in the Revolu- tionary war; appointed brigadier general in 1793; moved to Kentucky in 1794; served in the state senate, and was its presiding officer in 1805-1806; served as lieutenant governor of Kentucky for four years; moved to Attakapas, La.; appointed a United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by the declination to serve of John N. Destrahan, and served from October 8, 1812, to December 1, 1812; 932 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. governor of Indian Territory in 1813, and appointed Indian agent in 1816 and held the position until his death in Shawneetown, 111., March 19, 1818. Post, George Adams, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Cuba, Allegany county. N. Y., September 1, 1854; pursued an academic course; for several years secretary of the motive power department of the Erie railway; studied law and was admitted to practice; located in Mont- rose, Pa.; one of the owners and editors of the Montrose Democrat; removed to Susquehanna De- pot, Pa.; elected burgess in February, 1877, and served one year; candidate for presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); moved to New York City. Post, Jo tham , a Representative from New York ; native of that state; was graduated from Columbia college; member of the state house of representa- tives 1794-1797; elected as a Federalist to the Thir- teenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815). Post, Morton Everet, a Delegate from Wyo- ming territory; born in Monroe county, N. Y., December 25, 1840; pursued an academic course; moved to Colorado in 1860, and in 1867 moved to that portion of Dakota now Wyoming; elected county commissioner of Laramie county in 1870, and reelected in 1872; elected a member of the leg- islative council in 1878; engaged in business as a banker and stock grower; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885); moved to Los Angeles, Cal. Post, Philip Sidney, a Representative from New York; born in Florida, Orange county, N. Y., March 19, 1833; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Union college, Schenectady, N. Y., in 1855; entered the Poughkeepsie law school; ad- mitted to the bar in Illinois in 1856; entered the Union army; second lieutenant, fifty-ninth Illi- nois infantry, July 17, 1861; first lieutenant and adjutant July 21, 1861; major January 17, 1862; colonel March 20, 1862; brevet brigadier general of volunteers December 16, 1864, "for gallant and dis- tinguished service in the battle Nashville, Tenn. "; honorably mustered out December 8, 1865; awarded a Congressional medal of honor March 8, 1893, "for having with his brigade attacked a strong position at Nashville, Tenn., December 15 and 16, 1864, under a terrible fire of grape canister and musketry, where he was struck down by a grape shot"; ap- pointed consul to Vienna in 1866; promoted consul general to Austria-Hungary 1874; resigned in 1879; commamder Department of Illinois, Grand Army of the Republic, in 1886; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth, and to the three succeeding Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1887, until his death, in Washington, D. C., January 6, 1895. Poston, Charles D., a Delegate from Arizona territory; born in Hardin county, Ky., April 20, 1825; attended the public schools; moved to Cali- fornia in 1850 and located in San Francisco; clerk in the customhouse in San Francisco for four years; moved to Arizona in 1854; superintendent of Indian affairs; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865). Potter, Allen, a Representative from Michigan; born in Saratoga county, N. Y., October 2, 1818; attended the common schools; moved to Michigan in 1838; located in Kalamazoo in 1845; engaged in manufacturing and banking; held various local offices; elected as an Independent candidate to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); died in Kalamazoo, Mich., May 8, 1885. Potter, Clarkson Nott, a Representative from New York; born in Schenectady, N. Y., April 25, 1825; was graduated from Union college in 1842; was graduated from Rensselaer polytechnic insti- tute as a civil engineer in 1843; surveyor in Wis- consin; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New York City in 1847; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first, Forty- second, and Forty- third Congresses (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1875); reelected to the Forty-fifth Congress March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); president of the Democratic state conventions of 1875 and 1877; delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1872 and 1876; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for lieutenant governor in 1879; trustee of Union college 1863-1882; president of the American bar association 1881-1882; died in New York City January 23, 1882. Potter, Elisha Reynolds, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Little Rest, in South Kingston, R. I., November 5, 1764; learned the blacksmith's trade and was also a farmer; served as a private in the Revolutionary war; attended Plainfield academy; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in South King- ston; member of the state house of representatives 1793-1796, 1798-1808, and 1816-1835; was speaker during five terms; elected as a Federalist to the Fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Benjamin Bourne; reelected to the Fifth Congress, and served from December 19, 1796, to 1797, when he resigned; reelected to the Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1815); defeated as a can- didate for governor of Rhode Island in 1818; died in South Kingston, R. I., September 26, 1834. Potter, Elisha Reynolds, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in Kingston, R. I., June 20, 1811; was graduated from Harvard college in 1830; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1832, and practiced in South Kensington, R. I.; served several years as a member of the state house of representatives and as state senator; adjutant general of the state 1835-1837; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1845); defeated for reelection; state com- missioner of public schools 1849-1854, when he re- signed; associate justice of the Rhode Island su- preme court March 16, 1868, until his death, in South Kingston, R. I., April 10, 1882. Potter, Emery Davis, a Representative from Ohio; born in Providence, R. I., October 7, 1804; studied law in Cooperstown, N. Y., was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Toledo, Ohio, in 1834; held several local offices; judge of the circuit court for counties of northern Ohio; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); elected to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851); district judge of the Territory of Utah; died in Toledo, Ohio, February 12, 1896. Potter, John F., a Representative from Wis- consin; born in Augusta, Me., May 11, 1817; pur- sued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1857 began practice in East Troy, N. Y.; served one term in the state house of repre- BIOGRAPHIES. 933 sentatives; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- fifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1863); defeated as the Republican candidate for reelection; appointed consul general of the United States to the British Provinces in North America; died in 1899. Potter, Orlando Brunson, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Charlemont, Mass., March 10, 1823; attended the district school, Wil- liams college, and Dane law school, Cambridge; admitted to the bar in Boston February 12, 1848; S'acticed law in Boston and Middlesex county, ass., five years, during which time he became interested in manufacturing; moved to New York in 1853 and devoted himself to farming; on August 14, 1861, he laid before Secretary Chase a plan for a national banking system; nominated for Congress in the Tenth Congressional district of New York in 1878, but defeated; elected as a Union Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); declined a renomination ; member rapid transit commission of New York City; died in New York City January 2, 1894. Potter, Robert, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Granville, N. C.; attended the common schools; was a midshipman in the United States navy 1815-1821; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Halifax, N. C.; member of the house of commons of North Carolina in 1826; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); moved to Texas in 1835; member of conven- tion that declared the independence of Texas, March 2, 1836; was a member of the Texas senate; killed near his home on Caddo Lake, Tex., April 1, 1842. Potter, Samuel John, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in South Kensington, R. I., in 1751; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; was deputy and lieutenant governor 1790-1803; presidential elector in 1792 and 1797; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1803, until his death, in Washington, D. C., October 14, 1804. Potter, William. W., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in 1790; completed prepara- tory studies in Belief onte, Pa.; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837- March 3, 1839); reelected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, but died before the assembling of the Congress in Belief onte, Pa., October 28, 1839. Pottle, Emory Bemsley, a Representative from New York; born in Naples, N. Y., July 4, 1815; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Naples, N. Y.; a state representative in 1847; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861); died in Naples, N. Y., April 18, 1891. Potts, David, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Chester county, Pa., November 27, 1794; completed preparatory studies in Pottstown; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-second, Twenty- third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1839); died in Warwick, Chester county, Pa., June 1, 1863. Potts, Richard, a Delegate and a Senator from Maryland; born in Upper Marlboro, Md., July 19, 1753; Delegate in the Continental Congress, 1781-1782; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles Carroll, and served from February 4, 1793, to October 24, 1796, when he resigned; died in Fred- erick county, Md., November 26, 1808. Pou, Edward William, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Tuskegee, Ala., September 9, 1863; attended the University of North Carolina; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Smithfield, N. C.; presidential elector in 1888; elected solicitor of the fourth judicial district of North Carolina in 1890, 1894, and in 1898; while serving his third term as solicitor was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh and to the four suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Pound, Thaddeus Coleman, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Elk, Warren county, Pa., December 6, 1833; pursued an academic course in Milton academy, Wisconsin, and Rushford, Alle- gany county, N. Y.; moved to Rock county, Wis., in May, 1856; engaged in the manufacture of lum- ber; president of the Union lumbering company and of the Chippewa Falls and Western railway; member of the legislative assembly in 1864, 1866, 1867, and 1869, and served the last year as speaker pro tempore; lieutenant governor 1870-1871; dele- gate to the Republican national convention in Philadelphia in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883). Powel, Samuel, a Representative from Tennes- see; was elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817). Powell, Alfred H., a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Loudoun county, Va., March 6, 1781; was graduated from Princeton college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1800 began prac- tice in Winchester, Va.; served several years as a member of the state house of representatives; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825- March 3, 1827); delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1830; died in Loudoun county, Va., 1831. Powell, Cuthbert, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Alexandria, Va., March 4, 1775; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Alexandria; mayor of Alexandria; moved to Loudoun county; held various local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); died in Langoolen, Loudoun county, Va., May 8, 1849. Powell, Joseph, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Towanda, Pa., June 23, 1828; completed preparatory studies; engaged in mer- cantile pursuits; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); defeated for reelection to the Forty-fifth Congress; died in Towanda, Pa., April 24, 1904. Powell, Lazarus Whitehead, a Senator from Kentucky; born in Henderson county, Ky., Oc- tober 6, 1812; was graduated from St. Joseph col- lege, Bardstown, in 1833; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and in 1835 began practice; served in the state legislature as a member in 1836; presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket m 1844; governor of Kentucky 1851-1855; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1859, to March 3, 1865; dele- gate in the national Union convention in Philadel- 934 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. phia in 1866; died near Henderson, Ky., July 3, 1867. Powell, Levin, a Representative from Virginia; born in Loudoun county, Va., in 1738; completed preparatory studies; served in the Revolutionary army and rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel; delegate in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution; elected as a Federalist to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801); died in Bedford, Pa., August 6, 1810. Powell, Paulus, a Representative from Vir- ginia; a native of Virginia; attended Amherst col- lege; held various local offices; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-first, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1859); defeated for reelection to the Thirty-sixth Congress. Power, Thomas Charles, a Senator from Mon- tana; born near Dubuque, Iowa, May 22, 1839; attended the common schools, and took a three years' course in civil engineering in Sinsiniwa col- lege, Wisconsin; practiced engineering, and taught school three years; employed on -a survey in Da- kota in 1860; engaged in trade on the Missouri river 1861-1867; located in Fort Benton, Mont.; presi- dent of a line of steamers; located in Helena in 1876; member of the first constitutional convention of Montana in 1883; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1888; nominated by the Republicans for governor in 1889, and defeated; elected to the United States Senate, and served from January 2, 1890, to March 3, 1895. Powers, Gershom, a Representative from New York; was elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831). Powers, Horace Henry, a Representative from Vermont; born in Morristown, Lamoille county, Vt., May 29, 1835; was graduated from the Univer- sity of Vermont in 1855; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1858; member of the state house of representatives! n ]858; prosecuting attor- ney of Lamoille county in 1861-1862; member of council of censors in 1869; member of the constitu- tional convention of the state in 1870; member of the state senate 1872-1873; speaker of the house of representatives in 1874; judge of the supreme court of Vermont from December, 1874, to December, 1890; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1901); resumed the practice of law in Morrisville, Vt. Powers, Lewellyn, a Representative from Maine; born in Pittsfield, Somerset county, Me., October 14, 1836; was graduated from the Colburn classical institute; attended Colby university two years, and was graduated from the law department of the University of Albany, N. Y.; admitted to the bar in 1861, and began practice in Houlton, Me.; attorney for the state for the county of Aroos- took 1864-1871 ; collector of customs for the district of Aroostook 1868-1872; member of the state house of representatives for six terms, and speaker of the house one term; elected governor of Maine in 1896, and reelected in 1898; elected to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879); elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles A. Boutelle; reelected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses, and served from December 2, 1901, until his death, in Houlton, Me., July 28, 1908. Powers, Samuel Leland, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Cornish, N. H., Oc- tober 26, 1848; fitted for college at Kimball Union academy and at Phillips Exeter academy, New Hampshire, and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1874; subsequently studied law in the law school of the University of the city of New York and in Worcester, Mass.; was admitted to the bar in 1876 and practiced in Boston, Mass.; located in Newton, Mass.; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1907). Poydras, Julien de Lallande, a Delegate from Orleans Territory; born in Nantes, France, April 3, 1746; completed preparatory studies; founded the Female Orphan Asylum in New Orleans; elected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809- March 3, 1811); died in Pointe Coupee, La., June 25, 1824. Pratt, Charles C., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in New Milford, Pa., April 23, 1854; attended school in New Milford, Pa., Blooms- burg, Pa., and Great Barrington, Mass.; elected to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Pratt, Daniel Darwin, a Representative and a Senator from Indiana; born in Palermo, Me., Oc- tober 26, 1813; moved with his parents to New York; was graduated from Hamilton college in 1831; moved to Indiana in 1832 and located in In- dianapolis in 1834; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1836 began practice in Logansport, Ind.; member of the Indiana state legislature in 1851 and 1853; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress, but before taking his seat was elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875; commissioner of Internal Revenue from May 15, 1875, to August 1, 1876; died in Logansport, Ind., June 17, 1877. Pratt, Henry Otis, a Representative from Iowa; born in Foxcroft, Me., February 11, 1838; com- pleted preparatory studies; was graduated from the law department of Harvard university; moved to Iowa in 1862; served in the Union army; began the practice of law in Charles City, Iowa, in 1864; member of the state house of representatives 1869- 1871' elected to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877). Pratt, James Timothy, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Cromwell, Conn., December 14, 1804; received a limited schooling; engaged in mercantile pursuits in Hartford, Conn.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); defeated for the Thirty-fourth Congress; died in Wethersfield, Conn., April 11, 1887. Pratt, Le Gage, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Sterling, Mass., December 14, 1853; attended public schools; in 1869 entered upon a commercial career, first in Boston and afterwards in Chicago; engaged in newspaper work 1884-1886; state agent for a life insurance company and later general superintendent of agencies; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1909); died in Newark, N. J., March 9, 1911. BIOGRAPHIES. 935 Pratt, Thomas George, a Senator from Mary- land; born in Washington, D. C., February 18, 1804; completed preparatory studies and attended Georgetown university, District of Columbia; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Upper Marlboro, Md.; served several terms as a member of the state house of representa- tives, and six years in the state senate; governor of Maryland 1844-1847; moved to Annapolis in 1848, and practiced law; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Reverdy Johnson, and served from January 12, 1850, to March 3, 1857; delegate in the national Democratic convention of 1864; died in Baltimore, Md. 5 November 9, 1869. Pratt, Zadock, a Representative from New Jer- sey; born in Stephentown, N. Y., October 30, 1790; received a limited schooling; tanner; served as a state senator in 1830; a presidential elector on the Van Buren ticket in 1836; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); reelected to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); presidential elector on the Pierce ticket in 1852; delegate to the na- tional Democratic convention in Baltimore in 1852; died in Bergen, N. J., April 6, 1871. Pray, Charles N., a Representative from Mon- tana; born in Potsdam, St. Lawrence county, N. Y.; attended the Middlebury college, Vermont, and Chicago college of law; was admitted to the bar and engaged in practice in Fort Benton, Mont.; served as assistant prosecuting attorney of Chouteau county 1897-1898; elected t>rosecuting attorney in 1898, and reelected in 1900,^1902, and 1904; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Prentiss, John Holmes, a Representative from New York; born in Worcester, Mass., April 17, 1783; printer and foreman of the New York Evening Post; moved to Cpoperstown, N. Y., in October, 1808, and published the Freeman's Journal 1808-1849; postmaster of Cooperstown 1833-1837; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837- March 3, 1841); president of the Bank of Coopers- town; died in Cooperstown, N. Y., June 26, 1861. Prentiss, Samuel, a Senator from Vermont; born in Stonington, Conn., March 31, 1782; located in Northfield, Mass.; completed preparatory studies and was instructed in the classics by a pri- vate tutor; studied law in Northfield and in Brat- tleboro, Vt.; was admitted to the bar in 1802 and practiced in Montpelier in 1803-1822; served as a state representative 1824-1825; elected chief jus- tice of the state supreme court in 1850; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1831, to April 11, 1842, when he resigned; originator and successful advocate of the law to suppress dueling in the District of Columbia; ap- pointed judge of the United States district copt of Vermont in 1842 and occupied that position when he died in Montpelier, Vt., January 15, 1857. Prentiss, Sergeant Smith, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Portland, Me., Septem- ber 30, 1808; was prepared for college in Gorham academy and was graduated from Bowdoin col- lege in 1826; studied law in Gorham and in Cin- cinnati, Ohio; moved to Natchez, Miss., was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Vicks- burg; member of the state house of representatives in 1835; contested the election of John F. H. Clai- borne to the Twenty-fifth Congress, and the election was set aside by the House; subsequently elected to fill vacancy caused by this action and served from May 30, 1838, to March 3, 1839; moved to New Orleans, La., in 1845, and practiced law; died jn Longwood, near Natchez, Miss., July 1, 1850. Prescott, Cyrus Dan, a Representative from New York; born in New Hartford, Oneida county, N. Y., August 15, 1836; pursued an academic course; studied law in Utica and in Rome, N. Y.; was admitted to the bar in 1859; member of the board of aldermen of the city of Rome 1874-1876; member of the state assembly in 1878; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883); died in Rome, Oneida county, N. Y., October 23, 1902. Preston, Francis, a Representative from Vir- ginia; born in Greenfield, Botetourt county, Va., August 2, 1765; was graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1783; studied law with George Wythe, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Montgomery and Washington counties; member of the state house of delegates and a state senator; elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797); located in Abingdon, Va., and practiced law; colonel of volunteers in the War of 1812; died in the home of his son, William C. Preston, Columbia, S. C., May 25, 1835. Preston, Jacob Alexander, a Representative from Maryland; born in Harford county, Md., in 1796; attended the common schools, studied medi- cine, and was graduated from the University of Maryland in 1816, medical department, and prac- ticed in Harford, Baltimore, and Cecil counties; served with a Maryland regiment in the war of 1812; elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); died in Ferryman, Harford county, Md., August 2, 1868. Preston, William, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born near Louisville, Ky., October 16, 1816; was graduated from St. Joseph's college, Ken- tucky; attended Yale college and was graduated from the Harvard law school in 1838; began prac- tice in Louisville, Ky.; lieutenant colonel of the fourth Kentucky volunteers in the war with Mexico 1846-1848; delegate in the state constitu- tional convention in 1849; member of the state house of representatives 1850-1853; presidential elector on the Scott ticket in 1852; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress to fill vacancy- caused by the resignation of Humphrey Marshall; reelected to the Thirty-third Congress and served from December 6, 1852, to March 3, 1855; defeated for the Thirty-fourth Congress; minister to Spain 1858-1861; served in the Confederate army and attained the rank of major-general; again served in the state legislature in 1868; died in Lexington, Ky., September 27, 1887. Preston, William Ballard, a Representative from Virginia; born in Smithfield, Va., November 25, 1805; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1823; was graduated from the law school and engaged in practice in 1826; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849); Secretary of the Navy 1849-1850; served in the Confederate congress; died in Smithfield, Va., November 14, 1862. Preston, William Campbell, a Senator from South Carolina; born in Philadelphia, Pa., De- cember 27, 1794; was graduated from the College 936 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. of South Carolina in 1812; studied law; was .ad- mitted to the bar in 1820, and in 1823 began prac- tice in Virginia; located in Columbia, 8. C., in 1822; member of the state legislature 1829-1832; elected as a Calhoun Nullifier to the United States Senate and served from November 26, 1833, to December, 1842, when he resigned; president of the College of South Carolina 1846-1851, and trus- tee 1851-1857; died in Columbia, S. C., May 22, 1860. Price, Andrew, a Representative from Louisi- ana; born in Chatsworth Plantation, near Frank- lin, St. Marys Parish, La., April 2, 1854; attended various private schools and the collegiate depart- ment of Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn.; was graduated from the law department of Cum- berland university in 1875; continued his legal studies for two years in the law department of Washington university in St. Louis, Mo., and was graduated in 1877; practiced law in St. Louis until the fall of 1880, when he returned to Louisiana and engaged in sugar planting; delegate to the Demo- cratic national convention in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of his father-in-law. Edward J. Gay; reelected to the Fifty-second, Fifty- third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses and served from December 2, 1889, to March 3, 1897; died in Lafourche Parish, La., February 5, 1909. Price, Hiram., a Representative from Iowa; born in Washington county, Pa., January 10, 1814; attended the common schools; engaged m farming and mercantile pursuits; moved to Davenport, Iowa, in 1844; president of the State Bank of Iowa 1859-1866; during the Civil war was appointed paymaster general, the only officer of that rank known to Iowa; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869); declined a renomination; president of the Davenport and St. Paul railroad company; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); United States Commis- sioner of Indian Affairs 1881-1885; died in Wash- ington, D. C., May 30, 1901. Price, Hugh Hiram, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Black River Falls, Jackson county, Wis., December 2, 1859; attended the public schools and the University of Wisconsin; engaged in milling and the lumber business; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of his father, William T. Price, and served from Febru- ary 2, 1887, to March 3, 1887; died in Denver, Colo., December 25, 1904. Price, Hodman McCamley, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Sussex county, N. J., May 5, 1816; pursued classical studies in Prince- ton college, but did not graduate; studied law and was admitted to the bar; purser in the navy in 1840, and was stationed in San Francisco; prefect and alcalde in 1846; member first constitutional convention of California; returned to New Jersey; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); defeated as the Democratic candidate for reelection; governor of New Jersey 1854-1857; delegate to the peace congress in Washington, D. C., in 1861; died in Oakland, Bergen county, N. J., June 7, 1894. Price, Samuel, a Senator from West Virginia; born in Fauquier county, Va., August 18, 1805; moved with parents to Preston county in 1817; received a preparatory training; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Nicholas and Braxton counties, and then in Lewisburg; held various local offices; served as a member of the state house of representatives 1834-1836; prosecuting attorney for Braxton county 1836- 1850; again served in the state house of representa- tives 1847-1852, excepting one year; delegate to the constitutional convention 1850-1851 and 1861; elected lieutenant governor of Virginia in 1863, and continued until the close of the war; delegate to the constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872 and was its president; appointed to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Allen T. Caperton, and served from August 26, 1876, to January 26, 1877; died in Lewisburg, W. Va., February 25, 1884. Price, Sterling, a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Prince Edward county, Va., Sep- tember 20, 1809; completed preparatory studies and attended Hampden-Sidney college, Va.; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Keytesville, Mo.; member of the state house of representatives and its speaker 1840-1844; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress and served from March 4, 1845, to August 12, 1846, when he resigned to participate in the Mexican war; colonel of the second Missouri 'infantry August 12, 1846; brigadier general of volunteers July 20, 1847; honorably discharged November 25, 1848; returned to Missouri and engaged in farming on the Bowling Green prairie; governor of Missouri 1853-1857; state bank commissioner 1857-1861; served in the Confederate army; after the war went to Mexico, but returned to Missouri; died in St. Louis, Mo., September 29, 1867. Price, Thomas Lawson, a Representative from Missouri; born near Danville, Va., January 19, 1809; attended the old field schools; moved to Mis- souri in 1831, and in 1832 located in Jefferson City; conducted stage lines, and was a manufacturer; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty -seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the expulsion of John W. Reid, and served from January 21, 1862, to March 3, 1863; defeated for reelection; a delegate in the national Democratic conventions of 1864 and 1868; died in Jefferson City, Mo., July 15, 1870. Price, William Pierce, a Representative from Georgia; born in Dahlonega, Lumpkin county, Ga., January 29, 1835; attended Furman university, in Greenville, S. C., in 1854, but left before graduating to take editorial charge of a newspaper; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1856 began practice in Greenville, S. C.; served several years as a member of the state legislature; removed to Georgia in 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); died in Dahlonega, Ga., No- vember 4, 1908. Price, William Thompson, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Huntingdon county, Pa., June 17, 1824; attended the common schools; en- gaged in lumbering and farming; member of the Wisconsin assembly in 1851 and 1882; member of the state senate in 1857, 1870-1871, 1878-1879, 1880-1881; president of the senate 1879; county judge of Jackson county in 1854 and 1859; presi- dential elector in 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses BIOGRAPHIES. 937 and served from March 4, 1883, until his death in Black River Falls, Wis., December 6, 1886. Pridemore, Auburn L., a Representative from Virginia; born in Scott county, Va., June 27, 1837; completed preparatory studies; served in the Con- federate army and attained the rank of colonel; after the war began the study of law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Jonesville, Va.; mem- ber of the state senate 1871-1875; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877- March 3, 1879). Prince, Charles Henry, a Representative from Georgia; born in Buckfield, Oxford county, Me., May 9, 1837; received a limited schooling and be- came a merchant; captain of company C, twenty- third Maine infantry from September 10, 1862, to July 15, 1863; after the war located in Augusta, Ga., and was cashier of a bank; postmaster of Augusta for twelve years; state superintendent of educa- tion; delegate to the state constitutional conven- tion; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Con- gress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869); returned to Buckfield, Me., and engaged in manufacturing; member of the Maine senate in 1901; delegate in several Republican national conventions; died in Buckfield, Me., April 3, 1912. Prince, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Illinois; born in Tazewell county, 111., March 4, 1854; attended the public schools, and was graduated from Rnox college, Galesburg, 111., in 1878; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1880, and practiced in Galesburg, 111.; elected city attorney of Galesburg in 1881; chairman of the Republican county central committee of Knox county in 1884; elected a member of the lower house of the general assembly of Illinois in 1888; reflected in 1890; candidate for attorney general of Illinois on the Republican ticket in 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Philip Sidney Post; reelected to the Fifty -fifth, and to the six suc- ceeding Congresses, and served from December 2, 1895, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Prince, Oliver Hillhouse, a Senator from Geor- gia; born in Montville, Conn., in 1782; completed preparatory studies; moved with parents to Geor- gia; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Macon, Ga. ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Thomas W. Cobb, and served from No- vember 7, 1828, to March 3, 1829; perished in the wreck of the packet ship Home, near Ocracoke In- let, N. C., October 9, 1837. Prince, William, a Representative from Indi- ana; born in Ireland in 1772; was elected to the Eighteenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1823, until his death, in Princeton, Ind., Septem- ber 4, 1824. Prindle, Elizur H., a Representative from New York; born in Newton, Conn., May 6, 1829; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced; district attorney of Chenango county, N. Y., 1860-1862; member of the state assembly in 1863; member of the state constitutional convention in 1867 and 1868 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873); died in Norwich, N. Y., October?, 1890. Pringle, Benjamin, a Representative from New York; born in Richfield Springs, Otsego county, N. Y., November 9, 1807; completed pre- paratory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced for a number of years; president of a bank in Batavia, N. Y.; judge of Genesee county court; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857); member of the state house of representa- tives in 1863; appointed judge of the court of arbi- tration in Cape Town under the treaty with Great Britain; died in Hastings, Minn., June 7, 1887. Pritchard, Jeter Connelly, a Senator from North Carolina; born in Jonesboro, Tenn., July 12, 1857; attended Martins Creek academy; appren- ticed as a printer in the Jonesboro Tribune-Herald office; moved to Bakersville, Mitchell county, N. C., in 1873; joint editor and owner of the Roan Mountain Republican until 1887, when he moved to Marshall, Madison county; Garfield elector in 1880; elected to the state legislature in 1884, 1886, and 1890; Republican candidate for lieutenant governor in 1888, and the Republican caucus nomi- nee for United States Senator in 1892; delegate at large to the Minneapolis convention in 1892; elected president of the North Carolina protective tariff league in 1891 ; candidate for Congress in 1892 ; licensed to practice law in 1887; elected as a Re- publican to the United States Senate, to fill va- cancy caused by the death of Zebulon B. Vance; reelected in 1897, and served from January 23, 1895, to March 3, 1903; appointed a justice of su- preme court of the District of Columbia March 30, 1903; appointed judge of the United States circuit court, fourth judicial circuit. Proctor, Bedfield, a Senator from Vermont; born in Proctorsville, Vt., June 1, 1831; was grad- uated from Dartmouth college in 1851, and from the Albany law school in 1859; practiced in Bos- ton, Mass., 1860-1861; enlisted in the third regi- ment of Vermont volunteers in 1861 ; was appointed quartermaster with the rank of lieutenant; served on the staff of General William F. Smith as brigade and division quartermaster; promoted major of the fifth regiment and colonel of the fifteenth; was mustered out in 1863; returned to Vermont and engaged in the practice of law, and became inter- ested in the development of the marble industry; representative in the state legislature in 186^-1868 and 1888; member of the state senate and president pro tempore 1874-1875; lieutenant governor of the state 1876-1878; governor 1878-1880; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1884, 1888, and 1896; appointed Secretary of War by President Harrison in March, 1889; resigned from the cabinet in November, 1891; appointed as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of George F. Edmunds; subse- quently elected to fill the vacancy, and twice re- elected, and served from November 2, 1891, until his death, in Washington, D. C., March 4, 1908. Promt, George H., a Representative from In- diana; born in New Orleans, La., September 5, 1807; completed preparatory studies; member state house of representatives 1832, 1836, 1837, and 1838; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843); appointed by President Tyler minister to Brazil, and served from June 7, 1843, until August 10, 1844, when he returned home, the Senate having refused to confirm his appointment; died in Louisville, Ky., September 5, 1847. 938 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Prosser, William Farrand, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Williamsport, Pa., March 16, 1834; received a limited schooling; studied law, but never practiced; went to California in 1854; engaged in mining; returned to Pennsylvania in 1861 and entered the Union army as a private in the A.nderson troop; served throughout the war in the Army of the Cumberland; served as quartermaster of the fifteenth Pennsylvania cavalry until 1862, when he was placed in command of one of its com- panies; transferred to the second Tennessee cav- alry and adjutant during its organization; commis- sioned major in March, 1863, lieutenant colonel in March, 1864, and colonel in June, 1865; ai ;.,r the war located on a farm near Nashville, Tenr ; was elected a member of the Tennessee house ct epre- sentatives in 1867; a director of the Tennessee and Pacific railroad; in March, 1868, appointed one of the directors on the part of the state for the Edge- field and Kentucky railroad; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1871); defeated for reelection; went to the Territory of Washington in 1879 as a special agent of the Interior Department; delegate in the first constitutional convention of Washington; harbor line commissioner; mayor of North Yakima; city treasurer of Seattle 1908-1910; died in Seattle, Wash., September 23, 1911. Pruyn, John Van Schaick Lansing, a Repre- sentative from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., June 22, 1811; pursued classical studies and was graduated f rom the Albany academy in 1826 ; studied Taw, was admitted to the bar, and in 1832 began practice in Albany; held several local offices; ap- pointed a regent of the state university in 1844, and in 1862 became chancellor of the university and president of the board of regents; a state senator in 1861; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Erastus Corning, and served from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; reelected to the Fortieth Congress (March 3, 1867-March 3, 1869); died in Clifton Springs, N. Y., November 21, 1877. Pryor, Luke, a Senator and a Representative from Alabama; born in Madison county, Ala., July 5, 1820; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1841, and practiced in Athens, Ala.; also engaged in farming; member of the Alabama legislature 1855-1856; appointed to the United States Senate to fill vacancy occa- sioned by the death of George S. Houston, and served from January 7, 1880, to November 24, 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died in Athens, Ala., August 5, 1900. Prypr, Roger Atkinson, a Representative from Virginia; born in Dinwiddie county, Va., July 19, 1828; was graduated from Hampden-Sydney col- lege in 1845, and from the University of Virginia in 1848; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849, and practiced a short time in Petersburg, but abandoned the law on account of ill health; engaged on the editorial staff of the Washington Union in 1852 and the Richmond Enquirer in 1854; ap- pointed special minister to Greece in 1854; re- turned home and established The South in 1857, and after it had failed was on the staff of the Wash- ington States; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William O. Goode, and served from December 7, 1859, to March 3, 1861; served in the Confederate army; member of the Virginia Confederate house of representatives; captured by the Union troops in November, 1864, and confined in Fort Lafayette, but soon afterwards released; moved to New York City and practiced law 1866-1890; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1876; judge of the court of common pleas of New York 1890-1894; justice of the New York supreme court 1894-1899; retired upon reaching the age limit; appointed official referee by the state legislature in 1912. Pugh., George Ellis, a Senator from Ohio; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, November 28, 1822; was gradu- ated from Miami university in 1840; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1843 began prac- tice in Cincinnati, Ohio; served in the Mexican war as captain of the fourth Ohio volunteers; re- turned to Cincinnati and resumed the practice of law; member of the state legislature 1848-1849; city solicitor in 1850; state attorney general in 1852-1854; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1855, to March 3, 1861; delegate in the Democratic national convention or 1860; defeated as the Democratic candidate for lieutenant governor in 1863; defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Thirty-ninth Congress; delegate to the state constitutional con- vention, but withdrew frorn its deliberations and resumed the practice of law; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, July 19, 1876. Pugh, James Lawrence, a Representative and a Senator from Alabama; born in Burke county, Ga., December 12, 1820; pursued an academic course in Alabama and Georgia; moved with par- ents to Alabama in 1824; licensed to practice law in 1841; Taylor elector in 1848, Buchanan elector in 1856, and state elector for Tilden in 1876; elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1859, to January 21, 1861, when he presented a signed communication declaring his purpose, and withdrew; joined the Eufaula rifles in the first Alabama regiment as a private; elected to the Confederate congress in 1861, and reelected in 1863; after the war resumed the practice of law; president of the state convention of the Democratic party in 1874; member of die convention that framed the state constitution of 1875; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of George S. Houston; twice reelected, and served from November 2, 1880, to March 3, 1897; died in Washington, D. C., March 9, 1907. Pugh, John, a Representative from Pennsylva- nia; born in Hillstown township, Bucks county, Pa., June 2, 1761; attended the common schools; held various local offices; elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1809); died in Doylestown, Bucks county, Pa., July 13, 1842. Pugh, John Howard, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Chester county, Pa., June 23, 1827; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine, and was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1852; began practice in Burlington, N. J., in 1854; elected president of the Mechanics' national bank of Burlington in 1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879 ; died in Burlington, N. J., April 30, 1905. Pugh, Samuel Johnson, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Greenup county, Ky., January 28, 1850; went with parents to Lewis county in 1852; attended Chandler's select school, Rand's BIOGRAPHIES. 939 academy, and Centre college, Danville, Ky.. studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Vanceburg, Ky.; held successively the offices of city attorney, 1872-1873; master commis- sioner of the circuit court, 1874-1880; county at- torney, 1878-1886; county judge, 1886-1890; dele- gate to the Kentucky constitutional convention 1890-1891, and state senator, 1893-1894; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, anc Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3 1901); resumed the practice of law in Vanceburg Ky. Pugsley, Cornelius Amory, a Representative from New York; born in Peekskill, N. Y., July 17, 1850; attended the public schools, and was in- structed in higher branches by a private tutor; clerk and assistant postmaster; engaged in the banking business; president of the Westchester county national bank of Peekskill; member of the chamber of commerce, New York City; president of the board of trustees of the Field library, Peeks- kill; trustee and treasurer of the Peekskill military academy; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903); resumed business in Peekskill. Pugsley, Jacob Joseph, a Representative from Ohio; born in Dutchess county, N . Y., January 25, 1838; moved to Ohio with parents in 1839; was graduated from Miami university; admitted to the bar; served in both branches of the state legisla- ture; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891); trustee of the Boys' industrial school, Lan- caster, Ohio, for fifteen years; retired, and a resi- dent of Hillsboro, Ohio. Pujo, Arsdne Paul, a Representative from Louisiana; born near Lake Charles, Calcasieu par- ish, La., December 16, 1861; attended public and private schools of Lake Charles; studied law and was admitted to the bar October 23, 1886; practiced in Lake Charles, La.; member of the state constitutional convention of 1898; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Six- tieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Pulitzer, Joseph., a Representative from New York; born in Makdo, near puda Pesth, Hungary, April 10, 1847; received his early training from a private tutor; came to the United States in 1864; enlisted as a private in the Union army at the age of seventeen in the first New York (Lincoln) cav- alry, in Kingston, N. Y., September 30, 1864; mustered out in Alexandria, Va., June 5, 1865, and resumed civil life in St. Louis, Mo; studied law and admitted to practice by the supreme court of Missouri; elected to the Missouri legislature in 1869 and was a member of the state constitutional convention of 1874; entered journalism in 1867 as a reporter on the St. Louis Westliche Post, and be- came managing editor and part proprietor; founded the St. Louis Post-Dispatch December 10, 1878, by purchasing the Dispatch and uniting it with the Evening Post, and continued to own and publish it until his death; moved to New York City in the spring of 1883, and bought the New York World; delegate in the Cincinnati convention in 1872, that nominated Horace Greeley for the presidency; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress, and served from Mrach 4, 1885, until April 10, 1886, when he resigned; died on board his yacht in the harbor of Charleston, S. C., October 29, 1911. Purcell, William Edward, a Senator from North Dakota; born in Flemington, N. J., August 3, 1856; attended common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar of New Jersey in 1880; went to Dakota territory in July, 1881; located in Wahpeton; was appointed by President Cleveland United States attorney for the territory of Dakota April 5, 1888; resigned in May, 1889, having been elected a member of the constitutional convention for the new state of North Dakota; was a member of the joint committee appointed by the constitu- tional convention of North Dakota to divide the property and adjust the indebtedness between the states of North and South Dakota; district attorney of Richland county, N. Dak., from October 1889, to January 1, 1891; elected state senator in No- vember, 1906; appointed United States Senator January 29, 1910, to fill the vacancy in term com- mencing March 4, 1909, caused by the death of Martin N . Johnson and the resignation of Fountain L. Thompson, and served from February 1, 1910, to February 1, 1911; resumed the practice of law in Wahpeton, N. Dak. Purdy, Smith M., a Representative from New York; a native of Chenango county, N. Y.; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845). Purman, William J., a Representative from Florida; born in Center county, Pa., April 11, 1840; completed preparatory studies; studied law: entered the Union army as a private and served on special duty at the War department until transferred to Florida in 1865; remained in Florida and elected a member of the constitutional con- vention in 1868; state senator; judge of Jackson county court 1868-1869; elected to the state senate and served 1869-1873; assessor of United States internal revenue for the district of Florida 1870- 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty -third Congress, and served from March 4, 1873, until February 6, 1875, when he resigned; reelected to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); defeated for the Forty-fifth Congress. Purviance, Samuel A., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Butler, Pa., November 8, 1809; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Butler, Pa.; delegate to the constitutional convention in 1836; member of the state house of representatives in 1838-1839; delegate in the Whig national con- vention of 1844; presidential elector in 1848 on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859); delegate in the Re- publican national conventions of 1860, 1864, and 1868; attorney general of Pennsylvania in 1861; died in Pittsburgh, Pa., February 14, 1882. Purviance, Samuel D., a Representative from !^"orth Carolina; native of North Carolina; attended the common schools; elected to the Eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805). Puryear, Richard Clausell, a Representative rom North Carolina; born in Mecklenburg county, Va., February 9, 1801; pursued classical studies; engaged in mercantile pursuits; moved to Hunts- ville, N. C.; served in both branches of the state egislature; elected as a Whig to the Thirty -third 940 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTOKY. and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853- March 3, 1857); defeated for reelection to the Thirty -fifth Congress; delegate from North Carolina to the Confederate provincial congress which as- sembled at Richmond in 1861; died in Yadkin county, N. C., July 30, 1867. Pusey, William Henry Mills, a Representa- tive from Iowa; born in Washington county, Pa., July 29, 1826; attended Washington and Jefferson college; was graduated in 1847; engaged in bank- ing; member of the state senate 1858-1862; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885); died November 15, 1900. Putnam, Harvey, a Representative from New York; born in Brattleboro, Vt., January 5, 1793; received a limited schooling; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Attica; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty -fifth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Patterson and served from March 4, 1838, to March 3, 1839; member of the state senate 1843-1846; elected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851); died in Attica, N. Y., September 20, 1855. Quackenbush, John Adam, a Representative from New York; born in Schaghticoke, N. Y., October 15, 1828; attended the district schools and the academy in Stillwater, N. Y.; fanner and speculator in farm products and lumber; elected supervisor of his town 1860-1862; chair- man of the board of supervisors of Rensselaer county in 1862; member of the state assembly in 1862; sheriff of Rensselaer county 1873-1876- elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893); died in Schaghticoke, N. Y., May 11, 1908. Quarles, James Minor, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Louisa county, Va., February 8, 1823; moved with his father to Kentucky in 1833; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced; moved to Clarksville, Tenn.; state attorney for the tenth judicial district; elected as a National American to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859- March 3, 1861); died in Nashville, Tenn., March 3, 1901. Quarles, Joseph, Very, a Senator from Wis- consin; born in Kenosha, Wis. (then Southport), December 16, 1843; entered the University of Michigan in 1862, and in 1864 entered the Union army in the thirty -ninth Wisconsin volunteers; mustered out as first lieutenant company C, and returned to Michigan university and was grad- uated in 1866; studied law, was admitted to the bar and in 1868 engaged in practice in Kenosha; district attorney for Kenosha county 1870-1876; mayor of Kenosha in 1876; member of the state assembly in 1879; state senator 1880-1882; moved to Racine, Wis. ; six years later made Milwaukee his home; elected to the United States Senate as a Republican and served from March 4, 1899, to March 3, 1905; appointed United States district judge, eastern district of Wisconsin; died in Mil- waukee, Wis., October 7, 1911. Quarles, Julian Minor, a Representative from Virginia; born in the county of Caroline, Va., September, 1848; attended Pine Hill and Aspen Hill academies, Louisa county, Va., and the university of Virginia; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1874 in Staunton, Va.; judge of the county court of Augusta county, Va., for several years, and re- signed; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901). Quarles, Tunstall, a Representative from Kentucky; native of Virginia; attended the com- mon schools; moved to Kentucky; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1817 to 1820, when he resigned; moved to Cape Girardeau, Mo., and became receiver of public moneys in the United States land offices. Quay, Matthew Stanley, a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Dillsburg, York county, Pa., September 30, 1833; prepared for college at Beaver and Indiana academies; was graduated from Jefferson college in 1850; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1854; elected pro- thonotary of Beaver county in 1856 and reelected in 1859; lieutenant in the tenth Pennsylvania reserves; colonel of the one hundred and thirty- fourth Pennsylvania volunteers; lieutenant col- onel and assistant commissary general; military state agent at Washington; private secretary to the governor of Pennsylvania; major and chief of transportation and telegraphs; military sec- retary to the governor of Pennsylvania 1861- 1865; member of the legislature 1865-1867; sec- retary of state 1872-1878; recorder of the city of Philadelphia, and chairman of Republican state committee 1878-1879; secretary of the commonwealth 1879-1882; delegate in the Re- publican national conventions of 1872, 1876, and 1880; elected state treasurer in 1885; elected to the United States Senate as a republican; re- elected, and served from March 4, 1887, to March 3, 1899; member and chairman of the Republi- can national committee in 1888; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1892; defeated for reelection to the United States Senate in 1899 by a deadlock existing throughout the ses- sion of the legislature; appointed United States Senator by the governor of Pennsylvania to fill the vacancy caused by the failure of the legis- lature to elect, but by resolution of the Senate of April 24, 1900, was declared not entitled to the seat; was nominated to succeed himself by the Republican state convention and reelected January 15, 1901; took his seat in the Senate Jan- uary 17, 1901, and served until his death in Beaver, Pa., May 28, 1904. Quezon, Manuel L., a Resident Commissioner from the Philippine Islands; born in Baler, Province of Tayabas, August 19, 1878; received primary and secondary training in the college of San Juan de Letran, obtaining the degrees of bachelor of arts and expert land surveyor; studied law in the university of St. Thomas; was ad- mitted to the Filipino bar in April, 1903; major of the Philippine army, and was detailed, first, to Gen. Aguinaldo's staff and then as chief of staff of the general commanding the depart- ment of Central Luzon; under the American government held the office of prosecuting attor- ney for the province of Mindoro, and was subse- quently transferred to the Province of Tayabas; provincial governor of Tayabas, in 1906-1907, when he resigned to become delegate in the Philippine assembly, where he was the floor BIOGRAPHIES. 941 leader of his party; elected Resident Commis- sioner to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Quigg, Lemuel E., a Representative from New York; bom in Cecil county, Md., February 12, 1863; attended the public schools of Wil- mington, Del.; moved to New York City when seventeen years of age and engaged in news- paper work; after a year of service as re- porter of the New York Times obtained con- trol of the Flushing (L. I.) Times, and con- ducted that paper for several years ; joined the editorial staff of the New York Tribune in 1885; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John R. Fellows; reelected to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses, and served from February 14, 1894, to March 3, 1899. Quincy, Josiah, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., February 4, 1772, attended Phillips Andover academy, and was graduated from Harvard college in 1790; studied law, was admitted to the bar. and be- gan practice in Boston; defeated as candidate for the Seventh and Eighth Congresses; State Senator 1804-1805; elected as a Federalist to the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Con- gresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1813) ; mem- ber of the state senate 1813-1820, and of the state house of representatives 1821-1822, served the last year as speaker; delegate in the constitutional convention of 1820; mayor of Boston 1823-1829; during his administration the Faneuil Hall market was established and the erection of Bunker Hill monument was begun; president of Harvard college 1829-1845; died in Quincy, Mass., July 1, 1864. Quinn, John, a Representative from New York; born in Ireland August 9, 1839; came to the United States at the close of the Civil War ; located in New York City; engaged in the real- estate and building business; president of the West Side electric light and power company and one of the founders and a director of the Homestead bank of New York; elected to the state assembly in 1882; member of the board of aldermen 1885-1887; delegate in the Demo- cratic national convention in Chicago in 1884 and in St. Louis in 1888; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1891). Quinn, Terence James, a Representative from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., October 16, 1836; completed preparatory studies; alderman for several years ; second lieutenant in the New York state militia, which was sent to the defense of Washington in April, 1861, and again in 1862 ; served in the state assembly in 1874 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth Congress and served from March 4, 1877, until his death in Albany, N. Y., June 18, 1878. Quitman, John Anthony, a Representative from Mississippi ; born in Rhinebeck, N. Y., Sep- tember 1, 1799; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Hartwick seminary in 1816; an instructor in Mount Airy college, Pa., in 1818 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar ; moved to Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1820; moved to Natchez, Miss., in 1821, and practiced law ; member of the state house of representatives in 1826-1827; chancellor of the state in 1828 ; resigned in 1835, having been elected to the state senate, and made its president ; acting governor, 1835-1836 ; held various local offices ; served in the Mexican war as brigadier-general and as major-general ; Presidential elector on the Cass and .Butler ticket in 1848; governor of Mississippi 1850- 1851; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1855, until his death at " Mon- mouth," his plantation in Mississippi, July 17, 1858. Radf ord, William, a Representative from New York; born in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., June 24, 1814; received a limited schooling; moved to New York City in 1829 and became a merchant ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867) ; defeated for the Fortieth Congress; died in Yonkers, N. Y., January 18, 1870. Raines, John, a Representative from New York; born in Canandaigua, N. Y., May 6, 1840; attended the public schools; taught school; studied law, was graduated from the Albany law school in 1861, and entered practice in Geneva, N. Y. ; raised company G, eighty-fifth regiment New York volunteers, in 1861, and served in the armies of the Potomac and North Carolina as captain until July, 1863 ; member of the assembly of the state of New York in 1881, 1882, and 1883 ; state senator in 1886-1889 ; presi- dent of the board of education of Canandaigua ; alternate at large to the Republican national convention in 1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893) ; elected to the New York state senate in 1894, to fill an unex- pired term; 1895, 1898, 1900, 1902, 1904, 1906, and 1908 ; was president of the senate 1904-1909 ; died in Canandaigua, N. Y., December 16, 1909. Rainey, Henry Thomas, a Representative from Illinois; born in Carrollton, 111., August 20, 1860 ; attended public schools, Knox academy, and Knox college, Galesburg, ill., and was gradu- ated from Amherst college, Massachusetts, in 1883; studied law and was graduated from the Union college of law, Chicago, 111., in 1885 ; was admitted to the bar and practiced in Carrollton, 111. ; master in chancery for Greene county, 111., for six years and resigned ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Rainey, Joseph H., a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Georgetown, S. C., June 21, 1832; received a limited schooling; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1868; member of the state senate in 1870, but resigned, having been elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress to fill vacancy caused by the action of the House of Representatives in refusing to accept the credentials of B. Franklin Whittemore; and reelected to the Forty-second, Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Con- gresses; served from December 12, 1870, to March 3, 1879; died in Georgetown, S. C., Au- gust I, 1887. 942 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Ramsay, David, :\ Delegate from South Caro- lina ; born in Dunmore, Lancaster county, Pa., April 2, 1749; was graduated from the College of New Jersey in 1765 ; studied medicine and was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1773, and began practice in Cecil county, Md. ; located in Charleston, S. C., in 1773; member of the state house of commons 1776-1783 ; served in the Revolutionary Army as surgeon ; captured at the fall of Charleston in May, 1780, and im- prisoned at St. Augustine, Fla., for eleven months; Delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1782-1786; president pro tempore during the last term ; served several years in the state senate, and its president for seven years; was assassinated by a maniac in Charleston, S. C., May 8, 1815. Ramsay, Nathaniel, a Delegate from Mary- land; born in I/ancaster county, Pa., May 1, 1741 ; was graduated from the College of New Jersey ( Princeton ) in 1767 ; signer of the decla- ration of freemen of Maryland; delegate in the Maryland convention of 1775 ; appointed captain in Smallwood's Maryland regiment January 14, 1776 ; joined the Continental army in July, 1776, and was promoted lieutenant colonel of the Third Regiment, Maryland line, December 10, 1776; was with the army at Valley Forge dur- ing winter of 1777-3778; was taken prisoner while following Gen. Charles Lee in his retreat from Monmouth, June 28, 1778, and while in command of a regiment; he obtained an ex- change December 14, 1780; was promoted lieu- tenant colonel June 1, 1779, and retired January 1, 1781 ; practiced law in Cecil county, Md., 1781-1783; in Baltimore, 1783-1790; Delegate in the Continental Congress, 1775, and 1785-1787; appointed United States marshal for Maryland by President Washington and served 1790-1798; naval officer, port of Baltimore, 1794-1817 ; died in Baltimore, Md., October 23, 1817. Ramsey, Alexander, a Representative from Pennsylvania and a Senator from Minnesota ; born near Harrisburg, Pa., September 8, 1815; attended Lafayette college; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1839, and began practice in Harrisburg; secretary to the presi- dential electors in 1840 ; clerk of the state house of representatives in 1841 ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847) ; ter- ritorial governor of Minnesota 1849-1853 ; mayor of St. Paul in 1855 ; governor of Minnesota 1860-1863; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1863, to March 3, 1875; Secretary of War 1879-1881; for four years chairman of Utah commission appointed in 1882 ; resigned in 1886 ; president of Minnesota historical society; delegate to centennial of Federal constitution convention in 1887 ; died in St. Paul, Minn., April 22, 1903. Ramsey, Robert, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Warminster, Bucks county, Pa., February 15, 1780; attended the public schools of Hartsville; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4. 1833-March 3, 1835) ; and reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4. 1841 -March 3, 1843) ; died in Warwick, Bucks county, Pa., December 12, 1849. Ramsey, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Sterretts (lap, Pa., Sep- tember 7, 1779; attended public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Carlisle, Pa. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831) ; died in Car- lisle, Pa., September 5, 1831. Ramsey, William Sterrett, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania ; born in Carlisle, Pa., June 12, 1810; pursued classical studies; at- tache to the American legation in London ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1839, until his death in Baltimore, Md., October 17, 1840. Randall, Alexander, a Representative from Maryland; native of that state; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843). Randall, Benjamin, a Representative from Maine; born in Massachusetts in 1789; was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1809 ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Bath, Me. (then Massachusetts) in 1814 ; member of the state senate in 1833 ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1843) ; appointed collector of cus- toms for the port of Bath, and served until his death in Bath, Me., October 14, 1857. Randall, Charles Sturtevant, a Representa- tive from Massachusetts; born in New Bedford, Mass., February 20, 1824; attended a private school, the Friends academy, New Bedford, and in France; retired from mercantile business in 1872 ; state senator 1883-1884 ; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1895) ; died in New Bedford, Mass., August 17, 1904. Randall, Samuel Jackson, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Philadelphia Oc- tober 10. 1828; attended the University acad- emy in Philadelphia ; engaged in business ; member of the city council of Philadelphia four years; member of the state senate 1858-1859; member of the first troop of Philadelphia in 1861 and served in the Union Army three months of that year, and again as captain in 1863; was promoted provost-marshal at Gettys- burg; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- eighth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty- fifth, and Forty-sixth Congi'esses ; elected Speaker of the House for the last session of the Forty-fourth, for the Forty-fifth, and Forty- sixth Congresses ; reelected to the Forty-sev- enth, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses; served from March 4, 1863, until his death in Washington, D. C., April 13, 1890. Randall, William Harrison, a Representa- tive from Kentucky ; born in Madison county, Ky., July 15, 1812 ; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar; in 1835 began practicing in London, Ky. ; clerk of the circuit and county courts of Laurel county for several years; elected to the Thirty- eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, BIOGEAPHIES. 943 1863-March 3, 1867) ; district judge of the fif- teenth Kentucky district for ten years; died in London, Ky., August 1, 1881. Eandell, Choice Boswell, a Representative from Texas; born in Georgia January 1, 1857; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1878; moved to Texas in January, 1879; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty- eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty^second Congress. Randolph, Edmund Jennings, a Delegate from Virginia ; born in Williamsburg, A T a., August 10, 1753; was graduated from William and Mary college, studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Williamsburg; served in the Revolutionary Army, and was aid- de-camp to General Washington ; attorney-gen- eral of Virginia in 1776 ; Delegate from Virginia in the Continental Congress 1779-1782; gover- nor of Virginia 1786-1788 ; resigned in 1788, and took a seat in the state assembly, that he might participate in the codification of the laws of Virginia ; member of the convention that framed the Federal Constitution; appointed Attorney- General of the United States September 26, 1789 ; transferred to the State Department as Secre- tary of State, January 2, 1794; was invited to resign in August, 1795, owing to false charges preferred by Minister Fanchet of France; died in Clarke county, Va., September 13, 1813. Randolph, James Fitz, a Representative from New Jersey, born in Middlesex county, N. J., June 26, 1791 ; received a limited schooling : printer; edited the New Brunswick Fredonian. 1812-1842; United States collector of internal revenue, 1815-1846; clerk of the court of com- mon pleas and member of the state house of representatives; elected to the Twentieth Con- gress to fill vacancy caused by the death of George Holcomb, and was reelected to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses and served from December 1. 1828, to March 3, 1833 ; president of a bank in New Brunswick ; died in Easton, Pa., January 25, 1872. Randolph, James H., a Representative from Tennessee; born in Jefferson county, Tenn., Oc- tober 19, 1825; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in 1850; member of the state legislature 1857-1858 and 1860-1861 ; state senator in 1865 ; elected judge of the second judicial circuit of Tennessee in 1869 ; reelected after the constitu- tional convention in 1870; elected as a Republi- can to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877- March 3, 1879). Randolph, John, a Representative and a Sena- tor from Virginia ; born in Cawsons, Chester- field county, Va., June 2, 1773 ; attended Walker Murray's school in Orange county, Va.. the grammar school of the college of William and Mary, the College of New Jersey, 1787-1788, and Columbia college 1788-1789 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; a Representative in the Sixth-Twelfth Congresses (March 4,1799- March 3, 1813) as a States-rights Democrat; defeated as the anti-Mason candidate for the Thirteenth Congress; elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817) ; de- . feated for reelection to the Fifteenth Congress ; elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eight- eenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1825) ; appointed a United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Barbour. and served from December 9, 1825, to March 3, 1827; participated in a harmless duel with Henry Clay April 8, 1826; defeated for reelection in 1827 ; elected a Representative to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827- March 3, 1829) ; member of the Virginia con- stitutional convention of 1829 ; minister to Russia May 26, 1830, to September 19, 1830, when he resigned ; died in Philadelphia, June 24, 1833. Randolph, Joseph Fitz, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Monmouth county. N. J., in 1803; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1825 in Freehold ; prosecuting attor- ney for Monmouth county ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 2, 1843) ; member of the state constitutional con- vention of 1844 ; judge of the state supreme court 1845-1852; moved to Trenton in 1852, and shortly afterward to Jersey City, where he died March 20, 1873. Randolph, Peyton, a Delegate from Virginia ; born in Tazewall Hall, Williamsburg, Va., in 1721 ; was graduated from William and Mary college; studied law at the Inner Temple, Lon- don, England, and was appointed king's at- torney for Virginia in 1748; served many years in the Virginia house of burgesses, and was its speaker several years; president of the Virginia conventions of 1774-1775; delegate in the Con- tinental Congress in Philadelphia, Pa., Septem- ber 5, 1774, and elected its president, but re- signed October 22, 1774, to attend the state legis- lature; reappointed to the Second Congress, which met in Philadelphia in 1775, and again forced to resign on account of ill health; died in Philadelphia, Pa., October 17 1785; remains rest beneath the chapel of the college of William and Mary. Randolph, Theodore Frelinghuysen, a Sena- tor from New Jersey ; born in New Brunswick, N. J., June 24, 1816 ; attended Rutgers grammar school ; merchant ; moved to Vicksburg, Miss., and engaged in business in 1840, but returned to New Jersey and located in Jersey City in 1852 ; became interested in mining and the transportation of ores, and was president of the Morris and Essex railroad ; elected to the house of assembly of the state legislature in 1859 ; to the state senate in 1862 and 1863; governor of New Jersey, 1869- 1872 ; elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat, and served from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1881; died in Morristown, N. J., No- vember 7, 1883. Randolph, Thomas Mann, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Goochland county, Va., October 1, 1768 ; attended the university of Edin- burgh, Scotland, 1785-1788 ; colonel of the twen- tieth infantry, 1813-1814; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1807) ; governor of Virginia 1819- 1822; died in Monticello, the home of Thomas Jefferson, his father-in-law, June 20, 1828. Raney, John Henry, a Representative from Missouri ; born in Gravelton, Wayne county, Mo., September 28, 1849; attended common schools; 944 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. read law in Greenville, Mo. ; admitted to practice in 1881; elected judge of the county court of Wayne county and served one term ; elected and served three full terms as prosecuting attorney of Wayne county ; Republican nominee for Repre- sentative in 1888, but defeated; delegate to the Republican national convention in Minneapolis in 1892 ; one of the board of regents of the state normal school located in Cape Girardeau. Mo., 1893-1895; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897) ; resumed the practice of law in Piedmont, Mo. Rankin, Christopher, a Representative from Mississippi; native of Washington county, Pa.; completed preparatory studies ; moved to Natchez, Miss. ; held several local offices ; elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth. Eighteenth, and Nine- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1827) ; died in Washington, D. C., March 14, 1826. Rankin, Joseph, a Representative from Wis- consin ; born in Passaic, N. J.. September 25, 1833 ; pursued an academic course ; served in the Union army three years ; in the Wisconsin legislature eleven years; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887) ; died in Wash- ington, D. C., January 24, 1886. Ranney, Ambrose Arnold, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Townshend, Vt., April 17, 1821 ; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1844 ; studied law in Woodstock, Vt., was admitted to the bar in 1848, and began prac- tice in Boston, Mass., in 1848 ; corporation coun- sel 1855-1857; member of the state house of representatives in 1857, 1863, and 1864; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh, Forty- eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1887) ; resumed the practice of law; died in Boston, Mass., March 5, 1899. Ransdell, Joseph Eugene, a Representative from Louisiana ; born in Alexandria, La., Oc- tober 7, 1858 ; attended the public schols of Alex- andria, was graduated from Union college, Sche- nectady, N. Y., June, 1882 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar June, 1883, and began prac- tice in Lake Providence, La., where he also en- gaged in the growing of cotton ; district attorney of the eighth judicial district of Louisiana, 1884- 1896; member of the levee board of the fifth Louisiana levee district from May, 1896, until after his election to Congress August 29, 1899 ; member of the state constitutional convention of 1898, which framed a new constitution for the state; took an active interest in levee build- ing on the Mississippi river for many years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Con- gress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Samuel T. Baird ; reelected to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses, and served from December 4. 1899, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Ransier, Alonzo J., a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Charleston, S. C., Jan- uary 3, 1836; received a limited schooling; held various local offices; member of the state con- stitutional convention of 1868 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1869 ; presi- dential elector on the Grant and Colfax ticket in 1868 ; elected lieutenant-governor in 1870 ; delegate to the national Republican convention in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty- third Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) ; died in Charleston, S. C., August 17, 1882. Hansom, Matt Whitaker, a Senator from North Carolina ; born in Warren county, N. C., October 8, 1826; was graduated from the Uni- versity of North Carolina in 1847 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and first practiced in Warrenton, N. C. ; Whig presidential elector in 1852 and attorney general of North Carolina the same year ; resigned in 1855 ; member of the state legislature 1858-1860; peace commissioner to the provisional congress in Montgomery, Ala., in 1861 ; entered the Confederate army and served as private, lieutenant colonel, colonel, brigadier general, and major general ; at the close of the war took up his residence in Weldon, N. C., in 1866; elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat in January, 1872, and took his seat April 24, 1872; reelected in 1876, 1883, and 1889; served from January 30, 1872, to March 3, 1895 ; United States Minister to Mexico, 1895-1897; died near Garrysbury, N. C., Octo- ber 8, 1904. Rantoul, Robert, jr., a Senator and Repre- sentative from Massachusetts; born in Beverly, Mass., August 13. 1805 ; was graduated from Harvard college in 1826; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Salem and South Reading, moved to Gloucester in 1832 ; member of the state house of representatives 1834-1838; moved to Boston in 1839; United States district attorney for Massachusetts 1845- 1849, when he resigned ; elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Daniel Webster, and served from. February 1, 1851, to March 3, 1851 ; elected as a Democi'at to the Thirty-second Congress and served from March 4, 1851, until his death in Washington, D. C., August 7, 1S52 ; interment in Beverly, Mass. Rapier, James T., a Representative from Alabama ; born in Florence, Ala., in 1840 ; com- pleted preparatory studies ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced; held various local offices; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873 -March 3, 1875) ; defeated for the Forty-fourth Congress. Rariden, James, a Representative from In- diana ; native of Kentucky ; received a limited schooling ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Centerville, Ind. ; served in both branches of the state legislature ; dele- gate to the state constitutional convention ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixtL Congresses ( March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841) ; died in Cambridge City, Ind. Rathbun, George, a Representative from New York ; native of Auburn, N. Y. ; received a lim- ited schooling ; held various local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847). Rauch, George W., a Representative from In- diana ; born near Warren, Huntington county, Ind., February 22, 1876 ; attended the common schools, Valparaiso academy, and the Northern Indiana law school ; admitted to the bar in 1902, BIOGRAPHIES. 945 and began practice in Marion, Ind. ; elected to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4. 1907-March 3, 1911). Rcclected to the Sixty- second Congress. Bawlins, Joseph. Lafayette, a Delegate and a Senator from Utah ; born in Salt Lake county, Utah, March 28, 1S50 ; pursued a classical course in the university of Indiana ; professor in the university of Deseret, in Salt Lake City, Utah, for two years, until 1875; admitted to the bar in that year and practiced ; elected as a Demo- crat a Delegate to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895) ; defeated for the Fifty-fourth Congress ; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1897, to March 3, 1903. Baum, Green Berry, a Representative from Illinois; born in Golconda, 111., December 3, 1829 ; attended the common schools ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1853, and prac- ticed in Golconda, 1853-1856 ; moved to Kansas and practiced there, 1856-1857 ; returned and located in Harrisburg, 111. ; entered the Union army as major of the fifty-sixth Illinois volun- teers, and attained the rank of brigadier-general ; resigned his commission May 6, 1865, and en- gaged in railroad building; elected as a Republi- can to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867 March 13, 1869) ; defeated for reelection; United States Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 1876- 1883 ; Commissioner of Pensions, 1889-1893 ; en- gaged in the practice of law in Chicago, 111., until his death, December 17, 1909. Bawls, Morgan, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Bullock county, Ga., June 29, 1829 ; attended the public schools, and pursued an academic course; engaged in agricultural pursuits; unsuccessful candidate for delegate to the Union convention of 1860 ; enlisted in the Confederate army in 1861 as a captain of in- fantry ; elected colonel of the fifty-fourth Georgia volunteer infantry in 1862 ; wounded July 22, 1864, in the battles around Atlanta, Ga. ; member of the state house of representatives 1863-1864, 1868-1869, and 1870-1871 ; member of the reconstruction state convention of 1865 ; pre- sented credentials as a Democratic Member-elect to the Forty-third Congress, and served from March 4, 1873, to March 24, 1874, when he was succeeded by Andrew Sloan who contested his election. Bay, George Washington, a Representative from New York ; born in Otselic, Chenango county, N. Y., February 3, 1844 ; attended the common schools and Norwich academy ; private in company B, ninetieth New York volunteers, and brigade clerk, first brigade, first division, nineteenth army corps ; discharged at the close of the war; studied law and was admitted to practice in November, 1867; chairman of the Republican county committee of Chenango county ; member of the Republican state com- mittee in 1880 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885,) ; member of the board of education of Norwich academy and Union free school ; re- elected to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty- fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1891, to September 11, 1902, when he resigned to accept the United States judgeship for the northern district of New York. 50340 S. Doc. 654. 61-2 60 Bay, Joseph Warren, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Morris township, Greene county, Pa., May 25, 1849: attended the common schools and was graduated from Waynesburg college in 1874 ; studied law and was admitted to practice in the courts of Greene county in 1876; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891). Bay, Ossian, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Hinesburg, Vt,, December 13, 1835; went to Irasburg, Vt., in early child- hood ; attended the common school and an acad- emy in Derby, Vt. ; studied law five years in Irasburg and in Lancaster, N. H., to which place he moved in 1854 ; admitted to the bar in 1857, and practiced in Essex and Coos counties ; mem- ber of the state legislature 1868-1869; solicitor for Coos county 1862-1872; delegate in the Re- publican national convention in Philadelphia in June, 1872 ; United States attorney for the dis- trict of New Hampshire from February 22, 1879, to December 23, 1880, when he resigned ; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as a Republican to fill vacancy caused by the death of Evarts W. Farr, and reelected to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses, and served from Janu- ary 8, 1881, to March 3, 1885 ; died in Lancaster, N. H., January 28, 1892. Bay, William H., a Representative from Illinois; born in Dutchess county, N. Y., De- cember 14, 1812 ; moved to Oneida county, N. Y., in 1813; attended the common schools; moved to Illinois in 1834; engaged in the banking business in 1865; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875). Baymond, Henry Jarvis, a Representative from New York ; born in Lima, N. Y., January 24, 1820; was graduated from the University of Vermont in 1840; moved to New York City and studied law ; interested in newspaper work ; member of the state assembly in 1850; estab- lished the New York Times in 1851 ; delegate in the Whig national convention of 1852; lieuten- ant governor of New York in 1856; delegate to the national Republican convention in 1860 ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867); died in New York City, June 18, 1869. Baymond, John Baldwin, a Delegate from Dakota territory ; born in Lockport, Niagara county, N. Y., December 5, 1844 ; moved to Tazewell county, 111., in 1853; enlisted as a private in the thirty-first Illinois infantry in 1861 ; promoted to captain of company E of that regiment after the siege of Vicksburg in 1863 ; served through the war and remained in Mississippi ; published the Mississippi Pilot at Jackson, Miss., during the reconstruction of that state and until 1877; appointed United States marshal of Dakota territory ; declined a reappointment ; elected as a Republican Dele- gate to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 3885) ; died in Fargo, N. Dak., January 3, 1886. Bayner, Isidor, a Senator from Maryland; born in Baltimore, Md., April 11, 1850; at- tended the University of Maryland and was graduated from the University of Virginia ; in the University of Virginia he took the academic and law courses, and upon his return to Balti- 946 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. more was admitted to the bar in 1871 ; in 1878 elected to the state legislature for two years, and was chairman of the Baltimore delega- tion ; in 1885 elected to the state senate for four years, but resigned and became the Democratic candidate for Congress, and in 1886 was elected to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889), and to the Fifty-second and Fifty- third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895) ; attorney-general of Maryland 1899-1903; elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1905 ; reelected in 1911 for the term ending March 3, 1917. Bayner, Kenneth, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Bertie county, N. C., in 1808; attended Tarborough academy; ad- mitted to the bar in 1829 ; moved to Hereford county ; member of the state constitutional con- vention of 1835 ; member of the state house of representatives seven years; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1845) ; presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848 ; appointed solicitor of the Treasury in 1877, and served until 1884 ; died in Washington, D. C., March 4, 1884. Bea, David, a Representative from Missouri; born in Ripley county, Ind., January 19, 1831 ; completed preparatory studies ; moved to Mis- souri in 1842 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Savannah, Mo. ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; died in Savannah, Ga., June 13, 1901. Bea, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania ; born in Pennsylvania in 1755 ; completed preparatory studies; served in the Revolution- ary army ; several years a member of the state legislature ; elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses (March 4. 1803-March 3, 1811); defeated for the Twelfth Congress; elected to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815) ; died in Chambersburg, Pa., February 6, 1829. Bead, Almon Heath, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Shelburne, Vt., June 12, 1790 ; was graduated from Williams college in 1811 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Montrose, Pa. ; served in both branches of the state legislature ; state treasurer in 1840; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841 -March 3, 1845) ; died in Montrose, Pa.. June 3, 1844. Bead, George, a Delegate and a Senator from Delaware ; born in Cecil county, Md., Septem- ber 18, 1733 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1752 began practice in New Castle, Del. ; attor- ney general for lower Delaware in 1763 ; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1774-1777; a signer of the Declaration of Independence ; presi- dent of the state constitutional convention in 1776; vice president of the state under this con- stitution ; delegate from Delaware to the Federal constitutional convention ; member of the state house of representatives 1779-1780; judge of the United States court of appeals in admiralty cases in 1782; elected to the United States Sen- ate and served from March 4, 1789, to Decem- ber 2, 1793, when he resigned ; chief justice of Delaware ; died in New Castle, Del., September 21, 1798. Bead, Jacob, a Delegate and a Senator from South Carolina ; born in South Carolina in 1752 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law in England ; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Charleston, S. C. ; served in the Revolutionary army as colonel ; member of the state house of representatives ; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1783-1786; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1795, to March 3, 1801; judge of the United States court for the dis- trict of South Carolina and served from 1801 until his death in Charleston, S. C., July 17, 1816. Bead, James, a delegate from Pennsylvania ; born in Philadelphia, Pa., August 11, 1718; re- ceived an academic training, studied law, was admitted or readmitted to the bar in September, 1781 ; sat in the Continental Congress 1787-1788. Bead, Nathan, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Warren, Mass., July 2, 1759; was graduated from Harvard college in 1781 ; studied medicine and was an inventor ; elected as a Federalist to the Sixth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel Sewall and reelected to the Seventh Congress and served from November 25, 1800, to March 3, 1803 ; moved to a farm near Belfast, Me. ; judge of the court of common pleas ; died near Belfast, Me., January 20, 1849. Bead, William B., a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Hardin county, Ky., Decem- ber 14, 1820; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1849 began practice in Hodgensville, Ky. ; served sev- eral years as a state senator ; defeated as the Democratic candidate for lieutenant governor of Kentucky in 1863 ; delegate to the Democratic national conventions: in Charleston and Baltimore in 1860, and in Chicago in 1864 ; member of the state house of representatives 1867-1869 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty- third Cpngresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875). Beade, Edwin G., a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Orange county, N. C., November 13, 1812; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1836 began practice in Roxboro, N. C. ; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857) ; presi- dent of the reconstruction convention which met in Raleigh in 1865; associate justice of the supreme court of North Carolina 1868-1874; died in Raleigh, N. C., 1894. Beading, John B., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Philadelphia county, Pa., November 1, 1826; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine, was graduated from the Jefferson medical college in Philadelphia in 1847, and began practice in Somerton, Pa. ; pre- sented credentials as a Member-elect and as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress, and served from March 4, 1869, to April 13, 1870, when he was succeeded by Caleb N. Taylor, who con- tested his election ; defeated as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-second Congress. BIOGRAPHIES. 947 Beady, Charles, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Readville, Tenn., December 22, 1802; was graduated from Greenville college, Tennessee ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; member of the state house of representatives in 1835 ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859) ; de- feated for reelection to the Thirty-sixth Con- gress ; died in Murf reesboro, Tenn., June 4, 1878. Reagan, John Henninger, a Representative and a Senator from Texas ; born in Sevier county, Tenn., October 8, 1818; attended a com- mon school and Southwestern college, Marys- vine, Tenn., Nancy academy and Boyds Creek academy: studied law and was admitted to the bar : settled in the Republic of Texas in May, 1839 : joined the army and participated in cam- paigns against the Cherokee Indians ; deputy surveyor of the public lands, 1839-1843; elected to the state house of representatives for two years in 1847 ; judge of the district court, 1852- 1857 ; resigned and reelected for six years in 1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857- March 3, 1861) ; elected to the secession con- vention of Texas in 1861 ; deputy to the pro- visional congress of the Confederacy; appointed postmaster-general of the Confederacy March 6, 1861; reappointed in 1862 and occupied the posi- tion until the close of the war; also appointed acting secretary of the treasury of the Confed- eracy for a short time preceding the close of the war; member of the state constitutional con- vention of 1875 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and to the five succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1875-March 3. 1887) ; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1887, to June 10, 1891, when he re signed ; returned to Texas and appointed a mem- ber of the railroad commission of the state and served 1897-1903 ; died in Palestine. Tex., March 6, 1905. Reding, John Randall, a Representative from New Hampshire ; born in Portsmouth, N. H.. October 18, 1805 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prae- tk?ed in Haverhill, N. H. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845) ; naval storekeeper at Portsmouth 1853-1858 ; mayor of Portsmouth ; served in the state house of repre- sentatives; died in Portsmouth, N. H., October 8, 1892. Reed, Charles M., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; native of that state ; attended the public schools; engaged in steamboating on the great lakes; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; died in Erie, Pa., December 16, 1871. Reed, Edward C., a Representative from New York ; born in Fitzwilliam, N. H., March 8, 1793 ; was graduated from Dartmouth col- lege in 1812; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Homer, N. Y., in 1814 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833). Reed, Isaac, a Representative from Maine : bom in Waldoboro, Me., in 1810; received a limited schooling and became a merchant; six years a member of the state house of repre- sentatives; defeated for the Thirty-second Con- gress; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Charles Andrews, and served from June 25, 1852. to March 3, 1853; elected state treasurer in 1856; died in Waldoboro, Me. Reed, John, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in West Bridgewater, Mass., September 2, 1781; was graduated from Brown university in 1803; tutor in that institution for two years, and principal of the Bridgewater, Mass., academy 1806-1807; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Yarmouth, Mass. ; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817) ; and reelected to the Seventeenth and to the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1841) ; lieutenant governor of Massachusetts 1845- 1851 ; died in West Bridgewater, Mass., No- vember 25, 1860. Reed, John, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Framingham, Mass., Novem- ber 11, 1751 ; was graduated from Yale in 1772 ; practiced law, 1773-1780; studied theology, and ordained a Congregational minister in 1780; moved to W T est Bridgewater, Mass. ; elected as a Federalist to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1801) ; served as chaplain in the United States navy; died in West Bridgewater, Mass., February 17, 1831. Reed, Joseph, a Delegate from Pennsylvania ; born in Trenton, N. J., August 27, 1741; was graduated from the college of New Jersey (Princeton) in 1757; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1762 ; was a law student in the Temple, in London; returned in 1767 and began practice in Trenton, N. J. ; took an ac- tive part in pre-Revolutionary affairs; moved to Philadelphia, Pa., in October, 1770; member of the committee of correspondence in 1774; president of the Pennsylvania convention in January, 1775; accompanied General Washing- ton to Cambridge as his aid-de-camp and mili- tary secretary in July, 1775; served during the campaign of 1776; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1777-1778; president of the supreme executive council of Pennsylvania 1778-1781; aided in founding the university of Pensyl- vania, of which he was a trustee 1782-1785; died in Philadelphia, Pa., March 5, 1785. Reed, Joseph Rea, a Representative from Iowa; born in Ashland county, Ohio. March 12, 1835; attended the common schools and Hayes- ville, Ohio academy ; studied law. was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Council Bluffs, Iowa, after 1857; served during the Civil War as an officer in the second battery, Iowa light artillery, from July, 1861, to June, 1865; member of the Iowa state senate in 1866 and 1868; judge of the district court from Septem- ber 1, 1872, to January 1, 1884, and judge of the supreme court of the state from the latter date to March 1, 1889; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1891) ; chief justice of the court of private land claims 1891-1904; a practicing lawyer in Council Bluffs, Iowa. 948 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Heed, Philip, a Senator and a Representative from Maryland ; born in Kent county, Md., about 1760; completed preparatory studies; captain in the Revolutionary Army; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Robert Wright and served from Decem- ber 29, 1806, to March 3, 1813; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819) ; successfully contested the election of Jeremiah Causden to the Seventeenth Congress and served from March 20, 1822, to March 3, 1823; died in Huntingville, Md., November 2, 1829. Reed, Robert Rentoul, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Washington, Pa., March 12, 1807 ; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from Washington and Jefferson College, Pa., in 1824, and from the medical de- partment of the University of Pennsylvania in 1829 ; began practice in Washington, Pa. ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress ( March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851) ; member of state legisla- ture 1863-1864 ; died near Washington, Pa., De- cember 14, 1864. Reed, Thomas Brackett, a Representative from Maine; born in Portland, Me., October 18, 1839; was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1860; studied law; acting assistant paymaster, United States navy, from April 19. 1864, to No- vember 4, 1865 ; admitted to the bar in 1865 and commenced practice in Portland, Me. ; member of the state house of representatives 1868-1869 and of the state senate in 1870 ; attorney general of Maine 1870-1872; city solicitor of Portland 1874-1877 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty- fifth and to the eleven succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1877, to September 4. 1899, when he resigned ; Speaker of the House of Representatives in the Fifty-first, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses; moved to New York City and engaged in the practice of law ; died in Washington, D. C., December 7, 1902; inter- ment in Portland, Me. Reed, Thomas Buck, a Senator from Missis- sippi ; born near Lexington, Ky., May 7, 1787; attended the schools of Lexington and Princeton university ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Lexington in 1808; moved to Natchez, Miss., in 1809 ; appointed city clerk in 1811 ; unsuccessful candidate for Dele- gate in Congress in 1813 ; attorney general of Mississippi 1821-1826; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the res- ignation of David Holmes, and served from January 28. 1826, to March 3, 1827; reelected after a popular primary, and served from March 4, 1829, until his death in Lexington, Ky., while upon his way to Washington, D. C., November 26, 1829. Reed, William, a Representative from Massa- chusetts ; born in Marblehead, Mass., in 1777 ; received a limited education ; merchant ; elected as a Federalist to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1815) : died in Marblehead, Mass., February 18, 1837. Reeder, William Augustus, a Representative from Kansas; born in Cumberland county, Pa., August 28, 1849 ; went with parents to Ipava. Fulton county, 111. ; pursued preparatory studies and taught school ; moved to Kansas and was principal of the Beloit public schools; engaged in the banking business in the city of Logan, Kans., August 18, 1876 ; in 1890, engaged in irri- gation farming; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911) ; located in Los Angeles, Cal. Reese, David Addison, a Representative from Georgia; born in Charlotte, N. C., March 3, 1794 ; attended public schools and instructed in the classics by private tutor ; studied' medi- cine and was graduated from the Philadelphia (Pa.) medical college, and practiced; moved to Monticello, Ga. ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4. 1833-March 3, 1835) ; died in Auburn, Ala., December 16, 1871. Reese, Seaborn, a Representative from Geor- gia ; born in Madison, Morgan county, Ga.. No- vember 28, 1846 ; attended the university of Geor- gia, which institution he left in his senior year, 1868; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Sparta, Ga. ; member of the general assembly of Georgia 1872-1874; solicitor general of the northern judicial circuit 1877-1880 ; presi- dential elector on the Hancock ticket in 1880 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh Con- gress, to fill the vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Alexander H. Stephens ;. reelected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses and served from December 4, 1882 to March 3, 1887 : died in Sparta, Hancock county. Ga., March 1, 1907. Reeves, Henry Augustus, a Representative from New York ; born in Sag Harbor, N. Y., December 7, 1832; attended private school in Sag Harbor, the Southampton academy, the univer- sity of Michigan for three years, and was graduated from Union college, New York, in 1852; studied law and was admitted to the bar; edited the Republican Watchman in Greenport in 1858; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- first Congress (March 4. 1869-March 3, 1871): supervisor 1872-1881. and 1882-1894 ; member of state assembly in 1887; member state commis- sion in lunacy 1889-1897; editor of paper ,in Greenport, N. Y. Reeves, Walter, a Representative from Il- linois ; born near Brownsville, Pa., September 25, 1848 ; moved with his parents to Illinois in 1856, where they settled upon a farm in La Salle county; attended the public schools and became a teacher; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Mount Yernon. 111., in 1875 ; began prac- tice in Streator, 111. ; was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4. 1895-March 3. 1903) ; declined appointments to Federal posi- tions; died in Streator, 111., April 9, 1909. Reid, Charles Chester, a Representative from Arkansas ; born in Clarksville, Johnson county. Ark., June 15, 1868 ; entered the state university in Fayetteville in 1883; was graduated from the law department of Yanderbilt university. Nashville, Tenn., in 1887 ; began practice in Mor- rillton. Ark. ; elected prosecuting attorney of his judicial district in 1894; reelected in 1896; voluntarily retired from office in 1898; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty- BIOGRAPHIES. 949 eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911) ; located in Little Rock, Ark., and practiced law. Reid, David Settle, a Representative and a Senator from North Carolina ; born in Rocking- ham county, N. C., April 19. 1813; attended the public school ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1834 began practice in Wentworth, N. C. ; member of the state senate 1835-1842: elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847) ; defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor of North Carolina in 1848; elected governor in 1850, and reelected in 1852; elected to the United States Senate and served from December 6, 1854, to March 3. 1859; delegate to the peace congress in 1861 ; died in Wentworth, N. C., June 19, 1891. Reid, James Wesley, a Representative . from North Carolina ; born in Wentworth, Rocking- ham county, N. C., June 11, 1849; pursued an academic course; tutor in Emory and Henry college, Virginia, from which he was graduated in 1869; studied law and was admitted to the bar in June, 1873; county treasurer of Rock- ingham county, 1874-1884 ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Alfred M. Scales; reelected to the Forty-ninth Congress and served from January 28, 1885, to December 31, 1886, when he resigned ; moved to Idaho in 1887 and engaged in the practice of law ; died January 1, 1902. Reid, John W., a Representative from Mis- souri ; born in Lynchburg, Va., June 14, 1821 ; attended the common schools; moved to Mis- souri in 1840 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Jefferson City, Mo., in 1844 ; captain in the Mexican war ; two years a member of the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh Congress and served from March 4, 1861, to August 6, 1861 ; entered the Confederate army ; expelled by reso- lution of December 2, 1861. Reid, Robert Raymond, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Prince William parish, Beaufort district, S. C., September 8, 1789; at- tended South Carolina college; moved to Augusta, Ga. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1810 ; justice of the supreme court of Georgia 1816-1818 and 1823- 1825; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of John Forsyth, and reelected to the Six- teenth and Seventeenth Congresses and served from February 18, 1819, to March 3, 1823 ; mayor of Augusta 1827-1830 ; judge of the superior court of Georgia ; appointed United States judge for the district of east Florida in 1832 ; governor of the territory of Florida 1839-1841 ; president of the convention which framed a constitution for the state of Florida ; died in Tallahassee, Fla., July 1, 1841. Reilly, James Bernard, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in West Brunswig town- ship, Schuylkill county, Pa., August 12, 1845; at- tended the Pottsville high school, from which he was graduated in 1862; read law and was ad- mitted to the bar January 11, 1869, in Potts- ville; elected district attorney of Schuylkill county. October 8, 1871, and served until January 1, 1875 elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; delegate to the Democratic national convention in 1880; nominated by the Democratic county convention for law judge of bis county in 1881 and again in 1882, and also as the candidate for Congress in 1884, but was defeated at the election ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1895) ; United States marshal for eastern district of Pennsylvania 1896-1900; resumed the practice of law in Pottsville, Pa. ' Reilly, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania ; born in Abnerville, Indiana county, Pa., February 22, 1836 ; received a limited schooling ; entered the service of the Pennsylvania railroad company April 10, 1854; appointed superintend- ent of transportation April 1, 1865; resigned upon being elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877) ; defeated for reelection; president of the board of city commissioners of Altoona in 1872-1873; president of the Bells Gap railroad company 1872-1873. Reilly, Wilson, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Waynesboro, Pa., August 8, 1811 ; attended common schools ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Cham- bersburg, Pa.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859) ; defeated for reelection to the Thirty- sixth Congress; died in Chambersburg, Pa., August 26, 1885. Reily, Luther, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Myerstown, Pa., October 17, 1794; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine and began practice in Harrisburg ; held \arious local oflices; participated in the war of 1812 as a private in Capt. R. M. Crane's com- pany of Pensylvania volunteers and as an as- sistant surgeon ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839) ; died in Harrisburg, Pa., February 20, 1854. Relfe, James H., a Representative from Mis- souri ; native of Virginia ; moved to Missouri ; received a limited schooling; studied medicine and began practice in Caledonia, Mo. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847). Remann, Frederick, a Representative from Illinois; resident of Madison, 111.; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1895, until his death in Madison, 111., July 14, 1895. Rencher, Abraham, a Representative from North Carolina ; native of Wake county, N. C. ; was graduated from the university of North Carolina in 1822; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Chatham county; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-first, Twenty- second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1839), and was reelected to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3. 1843) ; charge d'affaires to Portugal 1843-1847 ; governor of the Territory of New Mexico 1857-1861. 950 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Bevels, Hiram. R., a Senator from Missis- sippi ; born in Fayetteville, N. C., September 1, 1822 ; moved to Indiana and attended the Quaker seminary in Union county, and became an ordained minister in the African Methodist Episcopal church ; lectured among his people in the states of Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and Mis- souri ; preached in Baltimore, Md. ; at the break- ing out of the Civil war assisted in the organi- zation of the first two colored regiments in Maryland ; taught school in St. Louis, Mo. ; went to Vicksburg, Miss., as chaplain of a colored regiment in 1864 ; returned to Missis- sippi and located in Natchez in 1868, and held various local offices ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill vacancy in the term beginning March 4, 1865, and served from January 20, 1870, to March 3, 1871 (the first negro to sit in the United States Senate as a duly qualified Member) ; president of Alcora agricultural university, Rodney, Miss. ; moved to Richmond, Ind., and became pastor of the African Methodist Episcopal church; died in Aberdeen, Miss., January 16, 1901. Reyburn, John Edgar, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in New Carlisle, Clark county, Ohio, February 7, 1845 ; instructed by private tutor and attended Saunders institute, West Philadelphia; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in Philadelphia in 1870 ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1871. 1874, 1875, and 1876 ; member of the state senate four years from December 1, 1876, and re- elected November, 1880; elected president pro tempore for the session of 1883 ; reelected sena- tor November, 1884, and again elected Novem- ber, 1888, for a term of four years ; presidential elector in 1904; elected to the Fifty-first Con- gress to fill vacancy caused by the death of William D. Kelley; reelected to the Fifty-sec- ond, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses, and served from February 24, 1890, to March 3, 1897; reelected to the Fifty-ninth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Robert Adams, and to the Sixtieth Congress, and served from December 3, 1906, to April 1, 1907. when he resigned, having been elected mayor of Phil- adelphia ; served as mayor from April, 1907, to December 4, 1911 ; a manufacturer of Philadel- phia, Pa. Reynolds, Edwin Ruthvin, a Representative from New York ; born in Fort Ann, N. Y., Feb- ruary 16, 1816 ; pursued classical studies ; prin- cipal of the Albion academy. Orleans county, N. Y., for six years; county superintendent 1843-1845; studied law. was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Albion, N. Y. ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Silas M. Burroughs, and served from December 5. 1860, to March 3, 1861 ; judge and surrogate of Or- leans county 1863-1868; died in Albion, N. Y., July 4, 1908. Reynolds, Gideon, a Representative from New York ; born in Petersburg, N. Y., August 9, 1813 ; received a limited schooling ; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1847-March 3. 1851) ; died in Hoosick, N. Y., July 13, 1896. Reynolds, James B., a Representative from Tennessee ; elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817) ; reelected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825). Reynolds, John, a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Montgomery county, Pa., February 26, 1789 ; located with his parents in the vicinity of Kaskaskia, 111., in 1800; pursued classical studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Cahokia in 1812 ; elected a justice of the Illinois supreme court in 1818; member of the state house of representatives 1827-1829; elected governor of Illinois in 1831, and in 1832 took the field as commander of the state militia in the Black Hawk war; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Charles Slade; reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, and served from December 1, 1834, to March 3, 1837 ; defeated for reelection to the Twenty- fifth Congress ; elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1843) ; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1846 and 1852, and served the last term as speaker ; died in Belle- ville, 111., May 8, 1865. Reynolds, John Hazard, a Representative from New York ; born in Moriah, N. Y., June 21, 1819; completed preparatory studies; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Albany in 1843; postmaster of Al- bany in 1853; moved to Kinderhook, N. Y., and practiced law there 1843-1852 ; elected as a Re- publican to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861) ; resumed the practice of law ; appointed a judge of the commission of appeals of the state, which position he held until the expiration of the court by constitu- tional limitation July 1, 1875; died at his coun- try residence in Kinderhook, N. Y., September 24, 1875. Reynolds, John Merriman, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Lancaster county, Pa. ; was graduated from the First Pennsyl- vania state normal school and from Columbian university ; engaged in the practice of law and banking in Bedford, Pa. ; member of the state legislature 1873-1874; elected prosecuting at- torney of Bedford county hi 1875; in 1892 one of the commissioners to select a site and build an asylum for the chronic insane in Werners- ville, Pa. ; delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1888 and 1892; Assistant Sec- retary of the Interior April 15, 1893, to June 1, 1897 ; supported Mr. McKinley for the Presi- dency in 1896, and was afterwards identified with the Republican party; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses; resigned January 17, 1911. Resumed the practice of law in Bedford, Pa. Reynolds, Joseph, a Representative from New York ; born in Easton, Washington county. N. Y., September 14, 1785; completed academic studies; moved to Virgil, N. Y., in 1809; or- ganized a company of riflemen for service in the War of 1812; was a major, colonel, and brigadier general in the state troops; justice of the peace 1815-1837; member of the state assembly in 1818; judge of Cortland county BIOGKAPHIES. 1821-1839; Jackson presidential elector in 1832; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837) ; died in Cortland, N. Y., September 24, 1864. Rhea, John, a Representative from Tennes- see; born in the Parish of Langhorn, county of Londonderry, Ireland, in 1753 ; came with par- ents to the United States and located first in Philadelphia, Pa., and a little later in Mary- land ; moved to eastern Tennessee in 1778 ; completed preparatory studies and was gradu- ated from Princeton in 1780; member of the Patriot force in the battle of King's Mountain in October, 1780; clerk of the county court of Sullivan county in the proposed state of Frank- lin and subsequently in North Carolina, 1785- 1790; member of the house of commons of North Carolina, and of the state convention that ratified the Federal Constitution in 1789; dele- gate in the constitutional convention of Ten- nessee in 1796; attorney general of Greene county, Tenn., 1796; member state legislature 1796-1797 ; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1815) ; appointed United States Commissioner to treat with the Choctaw Na- tion in 1816; reelected to the Fifteenth, Six- teenth, and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1823) ; died in Sullivan county, Tenn., May 27, 1832. B-hea, John Stockdale, a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Russellville, Logan county, Ky., March 9, 1855; attended Bethel college, Russellville, Ky., and Washington and Lee university, Lexington, Va. ; licensed to practice law in the fall of 1873; elected prose- cuting attorney for Logan county in 1878 and 1882 ; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1884 and in 1888; delegate to the na- tional Democratic conventions of 1892 and 1896 ; elected as the candidate of the Democratic and Populist parties to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1905). Resumed the practice of law and farming in Russellville, Ky. Rhea, William Francis, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Washington county, Va., April 20, 1858; attended Oldfield school and a college for three years; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar ; soon afterwards elected judge of the county court of Washington county, and served four years; elected to the state senate and served four years ; elected judge of the city court of Bristol ; resigned in 1895 and resumed the practice of law ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903) ; member of the state corporation commission and a resident of Richmond, Va. Rhett, Robert Barn well, a Representative and a Senator from South Carolina ; born in Beau- fort, S. C., December 24, 1800; completed pre- paratory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Beaufort in 1824 ; up to this time he had been known by his family name of Smith, but he dropped it and resumed the name of an ancestor, Rhett ; member of the state legislature in 1826; attorney general of South Carolina in 1832 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, Twenty- seventh, Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thir- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1849) ; member of the Nashville convention of 1850 ; elected to the United States Senate to fill va- cancy caused by the death of John C. Calhoun, and served from December 18, 1850, to 1852, when he resigned; delegate to the South Caro- lina secession convention in 1861 ; moved to St. James Parish, La. ; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1868; died in St. James Parish, La., September 14, 1876. Rhinock, Joseph Lafayette, a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Owenton, Owen county, Ky., January 4, 1863; attended the Covington public schools ; served as a Democrat in the city council of Covington, and was mayor 1893-1900 ; was the organizer and first president of the Jef- ferson Democratic club, of Covington ; elected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911) ; en- gaged in financial enterprises in New York City. Rhodes, Marion Edwards, a Representative from Missouri ; born in Bollinger county, Mo., near Glen Allen, January 4, 1868 ; completed pre- paratory studies; located in Washington county in 1891 ; principal of the Potosi public school for three years; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1896, and entered practice in Potosi, Mo. ; in 1900 was elected prosecuting attorney of Washington county and reelected in 1902 ; elected to the Fifty -ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907) ; resumed the practice of law in Potosi, Mo. Rhodes, Samuel, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1711; re- ceived a limited schooling and became a carpen- ter and builder; member of the city council in 1741 ; member of the provincial assembly 1761- 1764 and 1771 ;1774 ; commissioner to the In- dians at Lancaster, Pa., and in the West; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1774-1775; mayor of Philadelphia in 1774 ; founder and member of board of managers of the Pennsyl- vania hospital 1751-1781 ; director of the Phila- delphia library; died in Philadelphia, Pa., April 7, 1784. Ricaud, James Barroll, a Representative from Maryland ; born in Baltimore, Md.. February 11, 1808 ; was graduated from Washington col- lege, Md. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Chestertown, Md. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1834 and of the state senate 1836-1844 ; presidential elec- tor in 1836 on the Harrison ticket and again in 1844 on the Clay ticket ; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859) ; died in Ches- tertown, Md., January 24, 1866. Rice, Alexander Hamilton, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Newton Lower Falls, Mass., August 30, 1818; was graduated from Union college in 1844 ; paper manufactTirer in Boston ; mayor of Boston in 1856 and 1857 ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1867) ; delegate in the Philadelphia Loyalists conven- tion in 1866 and in the Republican national con- vention of 1868; governor of Massachusetts 1876-1878 ; died in Boston, Mass., July 22, 1895. CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Bice, Americus Vespucius, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Perryville, Ashland county, Ohio, November 18, 1835; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Union college, New York, in I860; law student when he enlisted in the Union army in 1861 ; captain twenty-first Ohio infantry April 27, 1861; captain fifty- seventh Ohio September 2, 1861; lieutenant colonel February 8, 1862 ; colonel May 31, 1865 ; mustered out January 15, 1866; manager of private banking house; delegate in the Demo- cratic national convention in Baltimore in 1872 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; died in Washington, D. C., April 4, 1904; interment in Arlington cemetery. Bice, Benjamin Franklin, a Senator from Arkansas; born in East Otto, Cattaraugus county, N. Y., May 26, 1828; completed pre- paratory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; moved to Kentucky and practiced his profession ; member of the state legislature 1855-1856; presidential elector in 1856 ; moved to Minnesota in 1860 ; captain in Minnesota volunteers in the Union army and served three years ; settled in Little Rock, Ark., in 1864 ; resumed the practice of law ; active in organizing the Republican party in Arkansas; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from June 23, 1868, to March 3, 1873 ; died in Tulsa, Okla., January 19, 1905. Bice, Edmund, a Representative from Minne- sota ; born in Waitsfield, Vt, February 14, 1819 ; attended the common schools ; went to Kala- mazoo, Mich., November, 1838 ; read law ; ap- pointed register of the court of chancery in 1841 and later was master in chancery ; clerk of the supreme court, third circuit; served as register and master until 1845, when the court was abolished, and clerk until 1849; en- listed to serve in the Mexican war in 1847 ; com- missioned first lieutenant, company A, first regi- ment Michigan volunteers; detailed as acting assistant commissary of subsistence and acting assistant quartermaster ; mustered out in Au- gust, 1848; moved to St. Paul, Minn., in July, 1849, and practiced law until 1856; president of the Minnesota and Pacific railroad company 1857-1863; St. Paul and Pacific railroad 1863- 1872, and trustee 1879; president St. Paul and Chicago 1863-1877 ; member of the territorial legislature 1851 ; state senator 1864-1866, 1874- 1876; member of the state house of representa- tives 1867, 1872, 1877, and 1878; mayor of St. Paul 1881-1883; reelected in 1885, and resigned in February, 1887 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889) ; died in White Bear, Minn., July 11, 1889. Bice, Edward Young, a Representative from Illinois; born in Logan county, Ky., February 8, 1820; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; moved to Illinois and located in Montgomery connty ; elected county recorder in 1847 ; member of the state legislature 1849-1850; judge of the Mont- gomery county court for two years; master in chancery 1853-1S57; judge of the eighteenth circuit of Illinois, and reelected in 1861 and 1867 ; member of the state constitutional con- vention 1869-1870 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4. 1871-March 3, 1873) ; died in Hillsboro, 111., April 16, 1883. Bice, Henry Mower, a Delegate and a Senator from Minnesota ; born in Waitsfield, Vt., Novem- ber 29, 1816 ; completed preparatory studies : re- sided in the Territories of Iowa, Wisconsin, and Minnesota ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857) ; elected to the United States Senate and served from May 11, 1858, to March 3, 1863; elected treasurer of Ramsay county in 1878; died in San Antonio, Tex., Jan- uary 15, 1894 ; interment in Oakland cemetery, St. Paul, Minn. Bice, John Birchard, a Representative from Ohio; born in Fremont, Ohio, June 23, 1832; was graduated from the medical department of the university of Michigan and from Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia, Pa. ; lecturer on military surgery and obstetrics in the Charity Hospital medical college and medical department of the university of Wooster in Cleveland, Ohio ; served on the medical staff during the Civil war as assistant surgeon of the tenth, and surgeon of the seventy-second Ohio volunteer infantry, and as surgeon-in-chief of division in the fif- teeth army corps and of the district of Mem- phis; elected as a Republican to the Forty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883) ; died in Fremont, Ohio, January 14, 1893. Bice, John Blake, a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Easton, Talbot county, Md., May 28, 1809; received a limited schooling; went on the stage in New York in 1839; moved to Chi- cago, 111., in 1847, and was manager of a theater ; also managed theaters in Bangor, Me., Buffalo, N. Y., and Milwaukee, Wis. ; retired from the stage in 1857, and from theatrical management in 1861 ; elected mayor of Chicago in 1865 and 1867 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress and served from March 4, 1873, until his death in Norfolk, Va., December 17, 1874. Bice, John Hovey, a Representative from Maine; born in Mount Vernon, Me., February 5, 1816; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in 1848 ; county attorney for Piscataquis county 1852-1860; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, and Thirty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1867) ; collector of customs at the port of Ban- gor, Me., 1861-1871; moved to Washington, D. C., and practiced law; died in Chicago, 111., March 14, 1911. Bice, John M., a Representative from Ken- tucky ; native of Floyd county, Ky. ; received a limited schooling; member of the state house of representatives in 1859 and 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first and Forty-sec- ond Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873). Bice, Theron Mcftes, a Representative from Missouri ; born in Mecca, Trumbull county, Ohio, September 21, 1829; attended the acad- emy in Chester, Ohio, where he remained four years; taught district school during the winter months; read law and was admitted to the bar in June, 1854, and practiced for about three years in Mahomng county, Ohio ; moved in the spring of 1858 to California, Moniteau county. Mo.; served in the Civil war 1861-1865, in the United States infantry volunteer service from Missouri ; received gradual promotions from BIOGRAPHIES. 953 first lieutenant to colonel ; returned to Mis- souri in the spring of 1866 and renewed the practice of law in Tipton, Moniteau county ; elected in 1868 circuit judge, and served six years; elected as a National Greenbacker to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881- March 3, 1883) ; died in Boonville, Mo., No- vember 7, 1895. Bice, Thomas, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Pownalborough, (now Wis- casset, Me.) March 30, 1768; was graduated from Harvard college in 1791 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; elected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1819) ; died in Wins- low, Me., August 25. 1854. Bice, William Whitney, a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Deerfield, Mass., March 7, 1826; fitted for college in Gorhain academy, Maine; was graduated from Bow- doin college in 1846 ; preceptor in Leicester academy, Massachusetts 1847-1851 ; studied law in Worcester, was admitted to the bar in 1854, and practiced in Worcester; appointed judge of insolvency for the county of Worcester in 1858; mayor of the city of Worcester in 1860 ; district attorney for the middle district of Massachu- setts 1869-1874 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1875; elected as a Republi- can to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-sev- enth, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1887) ; resumed the practice of law in Worcester, Mass. ; died there March 1, 1896. Rich, Charles, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Warwick, Hampshire county, Mass., September 13, 1771 ; moved to Shoreham, Vt. ; received a limited schooling ; held various local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thir- teenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815) and was reelected to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses and served from December 1, 1817, until his death in Shoreham, Vt., October 15, 1824. Rich, John T., a Representative from Michi- gan ; born in Conneautville, Crawford county, Pa., April 23, 1841 ; pursued an academic course ; moved with parents to Addison county, Vt., in 1846, and to Elba, Lapeer county, Mich., in 1848, and engaged in farming; member and chairman of the board of supervisors of Lapeer county ; member of the state house of representatives in 1872 and reelected in 1874, 1876, and 1878; speaker of the house during the last two terms; state senator in 1880; resigned his seat in the senate March 21, 1881; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881- March 3, 1883); defeated for reelection; state railroad commissioner 1887-1891 ; governor of Michigan 1892-1896 : collector of customs at De- troit 1898-1906 ; state treasurer, to fill vacancy ; collector of customs at the port of Port Huron, Mich. Bichards, Gabriel, a Delegate from Michigan ; born in La Ville de Saintes, France, October 15, 1767 ; pursued classical studies and studied the- ology in the seminary of Augers, France, and in Paris; took the order of priesthood October 15, 1790; emigrated to the United States in 1792, and located in Baltimore, Md., June 24, 1792; professor of mathematics in St. Marys college, Maryland; sent by Bishop Carroll as a mission- ary to thet Indians and was stationed in Kas- kaskia, 111. ; located as a missionary in Detroit, Mich., in 1796 ; published a periodical in the French laguage, entitled " Essais du Michigan," and some Roman Catholic books ; elected a Dele- gate to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823- March 3, 1825) ; returned to Detroit and offi- ciated as grand vicar of the bishop of Ohio; died in Detroit, Mich., September 13, 1832. Bichards, Jacob, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born near Chester, Pa., 1773 ; elected to the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1809) ; died near Ches- ter, Pa., July 20, 1816. Bichards, James Alexander Dudley, a Rep- resentative from Ohio ; born in Boston, Mass., March 22, 1845; spent his early life in Boston and New York City; went to Ohio in 1861; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty -third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895) ; re- sumed the practice of law ; died near New Phila- delphia, Ohio, December 4, 1911. Bichards, John, a Representative from New York ; born in Wales, April 13, 1765 ; resided in Johnsburg ; received a limited schooling ; state surveyor 1810-1812; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825) ; died in Caldwell, N. Y., April 18, 1850. Bichards, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; -successfully contested the election of James Morris to the Fourth Congress and served from January 18, 1796, to March 3, 1797. Bichards, Mark, a Representative from Ver- mont ; native of New Haven, Conn. ; received a limited schooling; moved to Vermont; served eight years as a member of the state house of representatives ; presidential elector on the Madi- son ticket in 1813 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821) ; elected lieutenant governor of Vermont in 1830. Bichards, Matthias, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in 1757 ; completed prepara- tory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; judge of Berks county court in Pennsylvania 1788-1797 ; elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1811) ; died in 1830. Bichardson, David Plunket, a Representative from New York; born in Macedon, N. Y., May 28, 1833 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1856; studied law in Rochester, N. Y., was ad- mitted to the bar in 1859; entered the Union army in 1861, and served between three and four years ; moved to Angelica, N. Y., in 1866 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883) ; resumed the practice of law in An- gelica, N. Y. ; died in Angelica, Allegany county, N. Y., June 20, 1904. Bichardson, G-eorge F., a Representative from Michigan ; born in Jamestown, Ottawa county, Mich., July 1, 1850; attended the common schools; elected township clerk eight years in succession ; member of the state legislature in 1885, and 1891 was elected speaker pro tempbre ; 954 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1893-Majch 3, 1895) ; located in Grand Rapids, Mich. Richardson, Harry Alden, a Senator from Delaware; born in Camden, Del., January 1, 1853 ; moved with parents to Dover in 1856 ; at- tended the city schools and the academy in East Greenwich, R. I. ; engaged in business in Dover, Del., as a canner and packer ; in 1890 nominated by the Republicans for governor and was de- feated ; elected to the United States Senate as a Republican in January, 1907, for the term ex- piring March 3, 1913. Richardson, James Daniel, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Rutherford county, Tenn.,- March 10, 1843; attended the country schools and Franklin college, near Nashville; entered the Confederate army before graduat- ing and served nearly four years, the first year as private and the remaining three as adjutant of the forty-fifth Tennessee infantry; read law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice January 1, 1867, in Murfreesboro, Tenn.; mem- ber of the state legislature and elected speaker of the house in 1871 ; state senator 1873-1874 ; delegate to the St. Louis Democratic conven- tion in 1876, to the Chicago Democratic con- vention in 1896, and to the Kansas City Demo- cratic convention in 1900, over which he pre- sided as permanent chairman ; in February, 1900, made chairman of the Democratic con- gressional committee; editor and compiler of Messages and Papers of the Presidents; nomi- nee in caucus of the Democratic members of the House of Representatives in the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses for Speaker; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth, and to the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1905) ; a resident of Murfrees- boro, Tenn., and sovereign grand commander of Scottish Rite Masonry, southern jurisdiction. Richardson, James Montgomery, a Repre- sentative from Kentucky ; born in Mobile, Ala., July 1, 1859; attended common schools; editor of a newspaper; served one term as representa- tive in the state legislature and two terms as prison commissioner; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty -ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907). Richardson, John Peter, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Hickory Hill, S. C., April 14, 1801; was graduated from South Carolina college in 1819; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Fulton, S. C. ; member of the state house of representatives; judge of the circuit court; was elected as a States Rights Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Richard T. Manning, and was reflected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, and served from December 19, 1836, to March 3, 1839; governor of South Carolina 1840-1842; died in Fulton, S. C.. January 24, 1864. Richardson, John Smythe, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Surnter, S. C., February 29, 1828 ; pursued an academic course in Cokesbury, S. C. ; entered the South Caro- lina college in 1847 and was graduated in 1850 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1852, and began practice in Sumter, S. C. ; entered the Confederate service as a captain of in- fantry and served under Gen. J. B. Kershaw until after the first battle of Manassas, where he was wounded ; served as adjutant of the twenty-third South Carolina regiment ; elected a member of the state legislature in 1865, and served until 1867 ; appointed agent of the state of South Carolina in 1866, to apply for and receive the land scrip donated to South Caro- lina by Congress; delegate from South Caro- lina to the St. Louis national Democratic con- vention in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883) ; died in Sum- ter, S. C., February 24, 1894. Richardson, Joseph, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Billerica, Mass., Febru- ary 1, 1778; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1802; studied theology and was or- dained over the first parish in Hingham July 2, 1806 ; delegate to the state constitutional con- vention in 1820; member of the state house of representatives 1821-1822 and of the state sen- ate 1823, 1824, and 1826; elected to the Twen- tieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831) ; died in Hingham, Mass., September 25, 1871. Richardson, William, a Representative from Alabama ; born in Athens, Ala., in 1845 ; at- tended public schools ; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar ; served in the Confederate army ; judge of the court of probate and county court of Madison county, Ala., from 1875 to 1886; Democratic elector in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph Wheeler; reelected to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty- eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from December 3, 1900, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Richardson, William Alexander, a Senator from Illinois; born in Fayette county, Ky., October 11, 1811; was graduated from Transyl- vania university ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice at Rushville, 111.; moved to Quincy ; served in both branches of the legislature; speaker of the house one year; presidential elector on the Polk ticket in 1844 ; enlisted as captain in the Mexican war, and promoted to the rank of major; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth, Thirty-first, Thirty- second, Thirty-third, and Thirty-fourth Con- gresses, and serving from March 4, 1847, to August 25, 1856, when he resigned ; governor of Nebraska Territory 1857-1858, when he re- signed; was reelected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1861, to January 29, 1863, when he resigned; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Stephen A. Douglas, and served from January 30, 1863, to March 3, 1865; died in Quincy, 111., December 27, 1875. Richardson, William Merchant, a Represent- ative from Massachusetts; born in Pelham, N. H., January 4, 1774 ; was graduated from Harvard college in 1797; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Groton, Mass. ; elected as a Federalist to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses, and served from BIOGRAPHIES. 955 March 4, 1811, to April 18, 1814, when he re- signed ; moved to Portsmouth, N. H., in 1814 ; United States attorney in 1814 ; appointed chief justice of New Hampshire in 1816; died in Chester, N. H., March 23, 1838. Kichey, Thomas, a Representative from Ohio ; native of Pennsylvania ; moved to Som- erset, Ohio ; received a limited schooling ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) and to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Richmond, Hiram Lowton, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Chautauqua county, N. Y., May 17, 1810; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and in 1838 began practice in Meadville, Pa. ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; died in Meadville, Pa., February 9, 1885. Richmond, James Buchanan, a Representa- tive from Virginia; born in Turkey Cove, Lee county, Va. ; attended Emory and Henry col- lege; practiced law in the circuit and county courts of Lee, Scott, and Wise counties, Va., and in the court of appeals at Wytheville, Va. ; held the office of orderly sergeant and captain of company A, fiftieth Virginia infantry, during the first year of the war; afterwards major of the sixty-fourth Virginia regiment for a time, and was promoted to lieutenant colonel sixty- fourth Virginia regiment ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879- March 3, 1881). Richmond, Jonathan, a Representative from New York; born in Dartmouth, Mass., July 31, 1774; completed preparatory studies; moved to Aurora, Cayuga county, N. Y., in 1813; United States internal-revenue collector; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3. 1821) ; died in Aurora, N. Y., July 29, 1865. Riddle, Albert Gallatin, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Monson, Mass., May 28, 1816; moved to Newbury, in the Western Re- serve of Ohio, in 1817 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1840, and began practice in Geauga county, and was prosecuting attorney of the county 1840-1846 ; representative in the slate legislature 1848-1850; moved to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1850; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863) ; con- sul at Matanzas, Cuba, 1863-1864; returned to Washington, D. C., and resumed the practice of law; was retained by the State Department to aid in the prosecution of John H. Surratt for the murder of President Lincoln ; law officer of the District of Columbia 1877-1879; died in Washington, D. C., May 16, 1902. Riddle, George Read, a Senator from Dela- ware; 'born in New Castle, Del., in 1817; pur- sued classical studies; studied civil engineering; several years engaged in the construction of railroads and canals ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1848, and began practice in Wil- mington, Del., in 1848; commisioner in 1849 to retrace " Mason and Dixon's line ;" delegate to several national Democratic conventions ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty- third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855) ; defeated for reelection to the Thirty-fourth Con- gress ; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James A. Bayard and served from February 2, 1864, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 29, 1867. Riddle, Haywood Yancey, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Van Buren, Harde- man county, Tenn., June 20, 1834 ; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1857 began practice in Ripley, Miss. ; moved to Smith county, Tenn., in 1858 ; served in the Confederate army ; moved to Leb- anon, Tenn. ; employed in the county clerk's office for five years : reappointed for six years in 1870, but resigned; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Samuel M. Fite; reelected to the Forty-fifth Congress, and served from January 5, 1876, to March 3, 1879. Riddleberger, Harrison Holt, a Senator from Virginia ; born in Edinburg, Shenandoah county, Va., October 4, 1844; attended the common schools ; served three years in the Confederate army as second and first lieutenant of infantry and as captain of cavalry ; returned to Edinburg and became editor of the Tenth Legion Banner ; studied law and was admitted to the bar ; served as commonwealth attorney of his county 1876- 1880; also two terms of two years each in the house of delegates and one term of four years in the state senate; editor of the Shenan- doah Democrat and later of the Virginian ; mem- ber of the state committee of the Conservative party until 1875; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket of 1876 and on the Readjuster ticket of 1880; elected as a Readjuster to the United States Senate in 18S1 and served from March 4, 1883, to March 3, 1889 ; died in Wood- stock, Va., January 24, 1890. Rider, Ira Edgar, a Representative from New York; born in Jersey City, N. J., November 17, 1868 ; attended the public schools in city of New York, the College of the City of New York, and was graduated from the St. Lawrence univer- sity ; practiced law in New York City ; secretary of the borough of Manhattan 1898-1902 ; elected to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1905). Ridgely, Edwin Reed, a Representative from Kansas; born near Lancaster, Wabash county, 111., May 9, 1844 ; attended district school during the winter months ; in 1862 enlisted as a private in company C, one hundred and fifteenth Illinois volunteer infantry and served to the end of the war; moved to Girard, Kans., in 1869, and en- gaged in general merchandising : lived in Ogden, Utah, from 1889 to 1893; left the Republican party in 1876 because of its financial policy; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901 ) ; resumed farming near Arma, Kans. Ridgeley, Henry Moore, a Representative from Delaware; born in Dover, Del., August 6, 1779; completed preparatory studies; studied law and began practice in Dover; secretary of state of Delaware 1817-1827; elected as a Fed- eralist to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1815) ; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Nicholas Van Dyke, and served from January 12, 1827, to March 3, 1829 ; died in Dover, Del., August 6, 1847. 956 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Ridgely, Richard, a Delegate from Maryland ; sat in the Continental Congress 1785-1786. Ridgway, Joseph, a Representative from Ohio; born on Staten Island, New York, May 6, 1783 ; attended the public schools ; carpenter ; moved to Cayuga county, N. Y., in 1811 ; moved to Columbus, Ohio, and established an iron foundry ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1828-1832; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843) ; died in Columbus, Ohio, February 1, 1861. Ridgway, Robert, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Virginia ; pursued classical studies: claimed to have been elected to the Fortieth Congress, but not admitted to his seat ; elected as a Conservative to the Forty-first Con- gress; died in Cool Well, Va., October 17, 1869. Rife, John Winebrenner, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Middletown, Dauphin county, Pa., August 14, 1846; attended the com- mon schools ; learned the trade of tanner ; served in the civil war as a member of the one hun- dred and ninety-fourth regiment Pennsylvania volunteers; member of the house of representa- tives of Pennsylvania, 188,5-1886; president of the Middletown and Hummelstown railroad com- pany ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1893) ; died in Middletown, Pa., April 17, 1908. Riggs, James Milton, a Representative from Illinois; born in Scott county, 111., April 17, 1839 ; attended common school and college ; studied law, was admitted to the bar and prac- ticed; elected sheriff of Scott county in Novem- ber, 1864, and served two years; represented Scott county in the house of the twenty-seventh general assembly of Illinois, 1871-1872; elected state attorney for Scott county in November, 1872, and served four years ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887) ; resumed the practice of law in Winchester, 111. Riggs, Jetur Rose, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Morris county, N. J., June 20, 1809 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied medicine and was graduated from the New York medical college; practiced medicine; mem- ber of the state house of representatives one term; went to California in 1849; returned to Paterson, N. J. ; state senator 1855-1858 ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861) ; died in Drakes- ville, N. J., November 5, 1869. Riggs, Lewis, a Representative from New York ; was a native of Cortland county, N. Y. ; received a limited schooling; studied medicine, was licensed to practice, and practiced in Cort- land county; held various local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843) : died November 6, 1870; interment in Homer, Cortland county, N. Y. Riker, Samuel, a Representative from New York ; born on Long Island, N. Y., April 8, 1743 ; received a limited schooling; member of the Newtown committee of correspondence in 1774 ; lieutenant of light horse in the Revolution; member of the state house of representatives in 1784; elected to the Eighth Congress to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of John Smith. and served from November 5, 1804, to March 3, 1805 ; reelected to the Tenth Congress ( March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809) ; died May 19, 1823. Rinaker, John Irving, a Representative from Illinois ; born in Baltimore, Md.. November 1, 1830; moved to Springfield, 111., in December, 1836 ; studied in the Illinois college for one term and then went to McKendree college, Lebanon, 111., and was graduated in 1851 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and located in Carlin- ville, 111. ; served in the Union army ; raised and organized the one hundred and twenty-second regiment Illinois volunteer infantry in 1862 ; . colonel September 4, 1862 ; commanded a brigade in the sixteenth corps of the Army of the Ten- nessee and made brevet brigadier general for gallant and meritorious service in the field. March 13, 1865; mustered out July 15, 1865; presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1872 and 1876; delegate to the Republican na- tional conventions of 1876 and 1884 ; member of the board of railroad and warehouse commis- sioners of Illinois 1885-1889; successfully con- tested as a Republican the election of Finis E. Downing to the Fifty-fourth Congress and served from January 5, 1896 to March 3, 1897 ; returned to Carlinville, 111., and resumed the practice of law. Ringgold, Samuel, a Representative from Maryland; born in Chestertown, Md., January 15, 1770; received a limited schooling under a private tutor ; state senator for several years ; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh Con- gress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Roger Nelson, and to the Twelfth and Thir- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1815) ; and to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821) ; died in Hagerstown, Md., October 18, 1829. Riordan, Daniel Joseph, a Representative from New York ; born in New York City, July 7, 1870; attended public schools until 1886, when he entered Manhattan college, and was graduated in 1890 ; engaged in the real estate business; member of the state senate in 1902 and 1904; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901) ; reelected to the Fifty -ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Timothy D. Sullivan; reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses, and served from December 3, 1906, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Ripley, Eleazar Wheelock, a Representative from Louisiana ; born in Hanover, N. H., April 15, 1782; was graduated from Dartmouth col- lege in 1800 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Waterville, Mass. (now Maine) ; member of the state house of representatives in 1807 and 1811 : speaker the last term; moved to Portland, Me., in 1812; state senator; served in the war of 1812; lieu- tenant colonel of the twenty-first infantry March 12, 1812; colonel March 12, 1813; briga- dier general April 15, 1814 ; brevet major gen- eral July 25, 1814, " for gallant conduct in the battle of Niagara Falls, Canada ; presented by resolution of Congress of date November 3, BIOGEAPHIES. 957 1814, a gold medal with suitable emblems and devices in testimony of the high sense enter- tained by Congress of his gallantry and good conduct in the several conflicts of Chippewa, Niagara, and Erie " ; resigned February 1, 1820 ; located in Jackson, La. ; member of the Louisi- ana state senate; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839) ; died in West Feliciana, La., March 29, 1839. Ripley, James Wheelock, a Representative from Maine; native of the Maine district of Massachusetts ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and be- gan practice in Fryeburg; served in the war of 1812 ; member of the state house, of representa- tives 1814-1819; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Enoch Lincoln, and reelected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses, and served from December 4, 1S2G, to March 12, 1830, when he resigned on account of ill health ; appointed collector of customs for Passama- quoddy district of Maine; died in Fryeburg. Me., June 17, 1835. Ripley, Thomas C., a Representative from New York ; born in Schaghticoke, N. Y. ; received a limited schooling ; elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Richard P. Herrick, and served from December 7, 1846, to March 3, 1847. Risley, Elijah, a Representative from New York; born in Connecticut in 1780; moved to Chautauqua county, N. Y. ; completed prepara- tory studies; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851) ; died in Fredonia, N. Y., January 9, 1870. Ritchie, Byron Foster, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Grafton, Ohio, January 29, 1853 ; moved to Toledo in 1860; attended the public schools of that city and was graduated from the Toledo high school in 1870; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1874 ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1895). Ritchie, David, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Canonsburg, Pa., August 19, 1812; was graduated from Jefferson college in 1829 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1835, and began practice in Pittsburgh; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-third, Thirty- fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859) ; county judge for one year ; died in Pittsburgh, Pa., January 24, 1867. Ritchie, James Monroe, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Dunfermline, Scotland, July 28, 1829; came to the United States in 1832; early schooling was limited; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Toledo; delegate to the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1880; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881- March 3. 1883) ; resumed the practice of law in Toledo,. Ohio. Ritchie, John, a Representative from Mary- land ; born in Frederick, Md., August 12, 1831 ; completed preparatory studies; studied medi- cine ; abandoned it for law ; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Frederick in 1854 ; presidential elector on the Breckenridge and Lane ticket in 1860 ; elected to serve four years as state attorney for Frederick county in 1867; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) ; defeated for reelection. Ritter, Burwell C., a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Barren county, Ky., Janu- ary 6, 1810 ; received a limited schooling ; served two terms in the state house of representatives; elected as a Conservative to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867). Ritter, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania ; born in Exeter, Pa., February 6, 1779 ; received a limited schooling ; printer ; member of the state constitutional convention of 1836; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847) ; died in Reading, Pa., November 24, 1851. Rivers, Thomas, a Representative from Ten- nessee ; native of Tennessee ; received a limited schooling; held various local offices; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857). Rives, Francis E., a Representative from Virginia ; born in Virginia ; completed prepara- tory studies; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841) ; declined a renomination ; died in Littleton, Va., November 30, 1861. Rives, William Cabell, a Representative and Senator from Virginia ; born in Nelson county, Va., May 4, 1793; was graduated from Wil- liam and Mary college in 1809; studied law un- der Thomas Jefferson; was admitted to the bar and practiced in Nelson county ; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1816; mem- ber of the state house of delegates 1817-1819, and 1819 and 1822; moved to Albemarle county in 1821; elected as a Democrat to the Eight- eenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1829) ; minister to France 1829-1832; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Littleton W. Tazewell, and served from De- cember 10, 1832, to February 22, 1834, when he resigned; again elected a United States Sen- ator from Virginia to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Tyler; reelected and served from March 4, 1836, to March 3, 1845; again minister to France 1849-1853; served as a delegate from Virginia to the Confederate Provisional congress in Montgomery, Ala., and Richmond, Va., in 1861; representative from Virginia to the second Confederate congress; died near Charlottesville, Va., April 25, 1868. Rives, Zeno J., a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Hancock county, Ind., February 22, 1874; moved with parents to Litchfield, 111., in 1880; attended the city schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar October 12, 1901, and practiced in Litchfield ; appointed city clerk in June, 1903; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress (March 4. 1905-March 3, 1907) : resumed the practice of law in Litch- field, 111. 958 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Rixey, John Franklin, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Culpeper county, Va., August 1, 1854; attended the common schools, Bethel academy, and the University of Virginia ; lawyer and farmer ; commonwealth attorney for Cul- peper county twelve years; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1897, until his death in Washington, D. C., February 8, 1907. Roach, William Nathaniel, a Senator from North Dakota; born in Loudoun county, Va., September 25, 1840; attended the city schools and Georgetown college; clerk in the quarter- master's department during the civil war ; moved to Dakota Territory in 1879; interested in mail contracts for several years; took up iand in Dakota and engaged in agriculture; mayor of Larimore 1883-1887; member of the terri- torial legislature, session of 1885; Democratic candidate for governor at the first state election and defeated ; renominated at the next election and again defeated ; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1893, to March 3, 1899; moved to New York City, where he died September 7, 1902. Roane, John, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Uppowac, King William county, Va., February 9, 1766; completed preparatory studies; presidential elector on the Washington ticket ; member of the state house of representa- tives; delegate to the state constitutional con- venion 1788; elected as a Democrat to the Elev- enth, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Cougresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1815) ; and to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1833) ; and to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1837) ; died at his residence in Up- powac, King William county, Va., November 15, 1838. Roane, William Harrison, a Representative and a Senator from Virginia; born in Virginia in 1788 ; completed preparatory studies ; held various local offices ; member of the state house of delegates ; elected as a Democrat to the Four- teenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817) ; elected to the United States Senate to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of Richard Parker, and served from March 14, 1837, to March 3, 1841; died in Tree Hill, near Rich- mond, Va., May 11, 1845. Robb, Edward, a Representative from Mis- souri ; born in Brazeau, Perry county, Mo., March 19, 1857 ; attended the common schools, Brazeau academy, Fruitland normal institute, and the Missouri state university ; was grad- uated from the law department of the Missouri state university in March, 1879 ; was admitted to the bar the same year, and located in prac- tice in Perry ville ; elected prosecuting attorney of Perry county in 1880, and reelected in 1882 ; elected a member of the legislature in 1884 and 1886; assistant attorney-general of the state, 1889-1893; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1905) ; resumed the practice of law in Perryville, Mo. Robbins, Asher, a Senator from Rhode Island ; born in Wethersfield, Conn., October 20, 1757; tutor in Rhode Island college (now Brown uni- versity) 1782-1790; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Providence; moved to Newport in 1795; appointed United States district attorney in 1812; member of the state assembly 1818-3825; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James De Wolf; reelected, serving from October 31, 1825, to March 3, 1839; again member of the state assembly; died in Newport, R. I., February 25, 1845. Robbins, Edward Everett, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Robbins Station, Westmoreland county, Pa., September 27, 1862; attended the public schools, Indiana normal school, and Eldersridge academy; was graduated from Washington and Jefferson college in 1881 ; registered as a law student at Greensburg in the same year, and in 1882 entered the Columbia law school in New York ; admitted to the West- moreland bar April 8, 1884, and engaged in practice in Greensburg; nominated for district attorney in 1886; elected in 1888 to the state senate, and served until 1892 ; chairman Republi- can county committee in 1885 ; served as major of volunteers in the War with Spain in 1898; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899). Robbins, Gaston Ahi, a 'Representative from Alabama ; born in Goldsboro, N. C., September 26, 1858 ; moved to Randolph county. N. C. : at- tended Trinity college and was graduated from the university of North Carolina in 1879 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1880, and entered practice in Selma, Ala. ; presidential elector on the Cleveland and Hendricks ticket in 1884 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1893, to March 13, 1896, when he was succeeded by William F. Aldrich. who contested his election ; reelected to the Fifty-sixth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1899, to March 8, 1900, when he was again succeeded by Wil- liam F. Aldrich, who contested this election. Robbins, George Robbins, a Representative from New Jersey ; born near Allentown, Mon- mouth county, N. J., September 24. 1808; was graduated from the Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia, in 1837; practiced; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859) ; died in Hamilton Square, Mercer county, N. J., Febru- ary 22, 1875. Robbins, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born near Lower Dublin. Montgom- ery county. Pa., in 1808; received a limited schooling ; steel manufacturer at Philadelphia ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first, Thirty- second, and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1855) ; declined reelection; elected to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3. 1877) ; died in Philadelphia, Pa., April 27, 1880. Robbins, William M., a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Randolph county, N. C. ; pursued classic studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced; officer in the Confederate army; served in the North Carolina BIOGRAPHIES. 959 state senate in 1868 and 1870 : elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879). Roberdeau, Daniel, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania ; born on the island of St. Christopher, West Indies, in 1727 ; moved to Philadelphia, Pa., in boyhood ; completed preparatory studies ; engaged in the lumber business; member of the state assembly 1756-1760; manager of the Penn- sylvania hospital 1756-1758 and 1766-1776; member of the council of safety ; first brigadier general of Pennsylvania troops in 1776 ; elected Delegate to the Continental Congress and served from 1777 to 1779 ; moved to Alexandria, Va., in 1785 ; died in Winchester, Va., June 5, 1795. Roberts, Anthony Ellmaker, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania ; born in Chester county, Pa., October 29, 1803 ; received a limited school- ing ; engaged in mercantile business in New Holland; moved to Lancaster, Pa.; sheriff of Lancaster county 1839-1842 ; United States mar- shall for the eastern district of Pennsylvania 1849-1853; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859) ; died in Lancaster, Pa., January 25, 1885. Roberts, Charles B., a Representative from Maryland ; born in Uniontown, Md., April 19, 1842; was graduated from Calvert college, New Windsor, Md., 1861 ; studied law ; presidential elector on the Seymour ticket in 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4. 1877-March 3, 1879) ; died in 1899. Roberts, Ellis H., a Representative from New York ; born in Utica, N. Y., September 30, 1827 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1850 ; became editor of the Utica Morning Herald in 1851; delegate to the national Republican con- vention of 1868; member of the state assembly in 1867 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty- second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875) ; defeated for reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress ; served as Treasurer of the United States for several years. Roberts, Ernest W., a Representative from Massachusetts; born in East Madison, Me., November 22, 1858; attended the public schools of Massachusetts and Highland military acad- emy, Worcester, Mass.; was graduated from Boston University l#w school and was admitted to the bar in 1881 ; member of the city council of Chelsea in 1887 and 1888; member of the Massachusetts house of representatives of 1894, 1895, and 1896; member of the Massachusetts senate 1897 and 1898; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Roberts, Jonathan, a Representative and a Senator from Pennsylvania ; born in Upper Merion, Pa., August 16, 1771; received a lim- ited schooling; served in both branches of the Pennsylvania state legislature; elected to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1811, to February 24, 1814, when he resigned; elected to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Michael Leib, was reelected, and served from February 24, 1814, to March 3, 1821; appointed collector of customs at the port of Philadelphia by President Harrison; removed by President Tyler ; died on his farm, " Robertsville," King of Prussia, Pa., July 21, 1854. Roberts, Robert W., a Representative from Mississippi; native of Delaware; received a limited schooling; moved to Scott county, Miss., and located in Hillsboro; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847). Roberts, William Randall, a Representative from New York; born in Cork county, Ireland, February 6, 1830; emigrated to the United States in July, 1849; received a limited school- ing; merchant in New York City; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875) ; appointed minister to Chile by President Cleve- land ; died in New York City, August 9, 1897. Robertson, Edward White, a Representative from Louisiana ; born near Nashville, Davidson county, Tenn., June 13, 1823; moved in 1825 to Iberville parish, La. ; attended the country schools and the preparatory department of Centenary college, Louisiana ; entered Augusta college, Kentucky, in 1842; entered the Nash- ville university, Tennessee ; commenced the study of law in 1845; served in the war with Mexico in 1846 as orderly sergeant of the sec- ond Louisiana volunteers, a six months' regi- ment; member of the state house of representa- tives 1847-1849 ; was graduated from the law de- partment of the university of Louisiana in 1850 ; practiced in Iberville parish ; again elect- ed to the state house of representatives in 1853 ; state auditor of public accounts in 1857-1862; entered the Confederate service in March, 1862, as captain of a company which he had raised for the twenty-seventh Louisiana infantry; after the war resumed the practice of law in Baton Rouge; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883) ; re- elected to the Fiftieth Congress, and served from March 4, 1887, until his death, in Baton Rouge, La., August 2, 1887. Robertson, George, a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Mercer county, Ky., Novem- ber 18, 1790; was graduated from Transylvania university ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1809, and began practice in Lancaster, Ky. ; held various local offices; elected to the Fif- teenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821 ) ; member of the state house of representatives. 1822-1827, serving four years as speaker; declined the appointments of gov- ernor of Arkansas territory tendered by Presi- dent Monroe, the ministry to Colombia in 1824, and to Peru in 1828 ; elected state secretary of state in 1828 ; justice of the court of appeals of Kentucky in 1829; chief justice, 1829-1834: re- sumed the practice of law in Lexington, Ky. ; professor of law in Transylvania university 1834-1857; member state legislature 1858, and 1851-1853 ; justice of the court of appeals for the second Kentucky district 1864-1871, and acting chief justice part of the time ; died in Lexington, Ky., May 16, 1874. 960 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Robertson, John, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born at " Belfield," near Petersburg, Va., in 1787 ; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from William and Mary college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Richmond, Va. ; attorney general of Vir- ginia ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Andrew Stevenson ; reelected to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses, and served from December 8, 1834, to March 3, 1839 ; judge of the circuit court of Virginia for several years ; died at " Mount Athos," near Lynchburg, Va., July 5, 1873. Robertson, Samuel Matthews, a Representa- tive from Louisiana ; born in Plaquemine, La.. January 1, 1852; attended the Collegiate insti- tute of Baton Rouge, and was graduated from the Louisiana state university in 1874 ; com- pleted a course of law study and was admitted to practice in 1877 ; elected a member of the state legislature in 1879 ; member of the faculty of the Louisiana state university and Agricultural and Mechanical college in 1880; filled the chair of natural history in that institution and the position of commandant of cadets; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of his father, Ed- ward White Robertson, reelected to the Fifty- first, and to the eight succeeding Congresses, and served from December 5, 1887, to March 3, 1907 ; superintendent of the Louisiana school for the deaf since 1908. Robertson, Thomas Austin, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Hodgensville, Larue county, Ky., September 9, 1848; was graduated from Cecilian college, and afterwards from the law university of Louisville ; served one term in the Kentucky legislature; several times elected commonwealth attorney of the eighteenth judicial district; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887) ; died in Elizabethtown, Ky., July 18, 1892. Robertson, Thomas Boiling, a Representa- tive from Louisiana; born at Belfield, near Pe- tersburg, Va., in 1773 ; was graduated from Wil- liam and Mary college in 1807 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Pe- tersburg; moved to Orleans Territory in 1805; attorney general of the territory; secretary, by appointment of President Jefferson and by reap- pointment, 1807-1811; appointed United States district judge for Louisiana ; moved to New Orleans: elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1812. to April 20, 1818, when he resigned; governor of Loui- siana 1820-1824; resigned in November, 1824; United States judge, district of Louisiana, 1824- 1827 ; returned to Petersburg. Va. ; died in White Sulphur Springs, Va., November 5, 1828. Robertson, Thomas James, a Senator from South Carolina; born in Fairfield county, S. C., August 3, 1823; was graduated from South Car- olina college in 1843; member of the state con- stitutional convention of 1865 ; elected as a Re- publican to the United States Senate, to fill va- cancy in term beginning March 4, 1865 ; reelected and served from July 15, 1868, to March 3, 1877 ; died in Columbia, S. C., October 13, 1897. Robertson, William. Henry, a Representative from New York ; born in Bedford, N. Y., Octo- ber 10, 1823; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; member of the state assembly in 1849- 1850; state senator 1854-1855; judge of West- Chester county, N. Y., for twelve years; presi- dential elector in 1860; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress ( March 4. 1867-March 3, 1869) ; again a state senator; collector of the port of New York by appointment of President Gar- field and on account of which, very largely, Senators Conkling and Platt resigned May 16, 1881 ; died in Katonah, N. Y., December 7, 1898. Robeson, George Maxwell, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Oxford, N. J., in 1827 ; pursued an academic course and was graduated from Princeton college in 1847 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1850, and practiced in Newark, and afterwards in Camden ; appointed prosecutor of the pleas for Camden county in 1858; attorney general of New Jersey in 1867, and served until he re- signed, June 22, 1869, to accept the position of Secretary of the Navy, which he held from June 25, 1869, until March 12, 1877 ; resumed the prac- tice of law in Camden, N. J. ; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883) ; died in Trenton, N. J., September 27, 1897. Robie, Reuben, a Representative from New York ; born in Corinth, Orange county, Vt., July 15, 1799 ; moved to Bath, Steuben county, N. Y. ; held various local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851- March 3, 1853) ; died in Bath, N. Y., January 21, 1872. Robinson, Christopher, a Representative from Rhode Island ; born in Providence, R. I., May 15, 1806 ; was graduated from Brown university in 1825; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; state attorney general in 1854 ; elected as an American Republican to the Thirty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861) ; defeated for the Thirty-seventh Congress ; min- ister to Peru 1861-1866; delegate from Rhode Island to the Loyalist convention held in Phila- delphia in 1866; died in Woonsocket, R. I., Oc- tober 3, 1889. Robinson, Edward, a Representative from Maine; born in Gushing, Me., November 25, 1796 ; completed preparatory studies ; merchant at Thomaston, Me. ; served two years in the state senate; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Jonathan Cilley, and served from April 28, 1838, to March 3, 1839; presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1840; died in Thomaston, Me., February 20, 1857. Robinson, George Dexter, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Lexington, Mass., January 20, 1834 ; attended Lexington academy and Hopkins classical school, Cambridge, Mass.. and was graduated from Harvard college in 1856; principal teacher at the Chicopee high school 1856-1865; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Cambridge, Mass., in 1866, and com- menced practice in Chicopee, Mass. ; member of the general court of Massachusetts in 1874, and of the state senate in 1876 ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty -fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- BIOGKAPHIES. 961 seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1877, to January 7, 1884, when he resigned ; governor of Massachusetts 1884-1887 ; resumed the practice of his profes- sion in Springfield; died in Chicopee, Mass., February 22, 1896. Bobinson, James C., a Representative from Illinois; born in Edgar county, 111., in 1822; studied law and was admitted to practice in 1834 ; served as a private in the Mexican war ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1865) ; reelected to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875). Bobinson, James McClellan, a Representa- tive from Indiana ; born in Allen county, near Fort Wayne, Ind., May 31, 1861; attended dis- trict and public schools ; studied law and was admitted to practice in the state and United States courts in 1882; prosecuting attorney 1886-1890; defeated in 1892 for the congres- sional nomination ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1905) ; resumed the practice of law in Fort Wayne, Ind. Bobinson, James Sidney, a Representative from Ohio ; born near Mansfield, Richland county, Ohio, October 14, 1827; attended the common schools; acquired the art of printing; moved to Kenton, Ohio, December 31, 1845; edited and published the Kenton Republican ; chief clerk of the Ohio house of representatives in 1856 ; enlisted in company G, fourth Ohio volunteer infantry, April ] 7, 1861 ; first lieuten- ant April 18, 1861; captain May 4, 1861; ap- pointed major of the eighty-second Ohio volun- teer infantry December 31, 1861 ; lieutenant- colonel April 9, 1862; colonel August 29, 1862; brevetted a brigadier-general December 9, 1864 ; brigadier-general January 12, 1865 ; brevet ma- jor-general March 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service during the war " ; mustered out August 31, 1865 ; chairman of the Repub- lican state executive committee of Ohio 1877- 1879; appointed commissioner of railroads and telegraphs in Ohio in January 1880; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh and Forty- eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1881, to January 12, 1885, when he resigned; secretary of state of Ohio 1884-1888; died in Toledo, Ohio, January 14, 1892. Bobinson, James Wallace, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Darby, Union county, Ohio, November 28, 1826 ; was graduated from Jeffer- son college in 1848 and the Cincinnati law school in 1851 ; practiced in Marysville, Ohio ; served three terms in the Ohio state legislature : elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; defeated for the Forty -fourth Congress; died in Marys- ville, Ohio, June 28, 1898. Bobinson, John Buchanan, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Allegheny City, Pa., May 23, 1846; was graduated from the United States naval academy in 1868; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Media, Pa. ; elected to the state legislature in 1884 ; re- elected in 1886 ; and to the state senate in 1889 ; 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 61 elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1897) ; in May, 1900, appointed United States marshal for the eastern district of Pennsylvania. Bobinson, John L., a Representative from Indiana; a native of Kentucky; completed preparatory studies; moved to Rushville, Ind.; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth, Thirty- first, and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1853) ; appointed United States marshal for the southern district of Indiana in 1853 ; held the position until his death, in Rush- ville, Ind., March 21, 1860. Bobinson, John McCracken, a Senator from Illinois; born in Scott county, Ky., April 10, 1794; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Carmi, 111., in 1818 ; judge of the state supreme court; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of John McLean ; reelected and served from De- cember 11, 1830, to March 3, 1841; died in Ot- tawa, 111., April 27, 1843; interment in Carmi, 111. Bobinson, John Seaton, a Representative from Nebraska ; born in Wheeling, W. Va., May 4, 1856 ; attended the public schools ; studied law and was admitted to the bar by the supreme court of West Virginia in 1880 ; located in Madi- son, Nebr., in 1884; elected county attorney of Madison county in 1886, and reelected in 1890; elected judge of the ninth judicial district of Nebraska in 1893, and reelected in 1895 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903) ; defeated for the Fifty-eighth Congress; died in Madison, Nebr., May 25, 1903. Bobinson, Jonathan, a Senator from Ver- mont; born in Hardwick, Mass., August 24, 1756 ; received a limited schooling ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1796, and began practice in Bennington, Vt. ; town clerk 1795- 1801 ; member of the state legislature 1789- 1802; judge of the Vermont probate court 1795-1798, and 1815-1819; chief justice of Ver- mont J801-1807; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Israel Smith, and served from October 10, 1807, to March 3, 1815 ; again a member of the state legislature in 1818; died in Bennington, Vt, November 3, 1819. Bobinson, Joseph Taylor, a Representative from Arkansas ; born August 26, 1872 ; attended the common schools and the University of Ar- kansas ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1895 in Lonoke, Ark. ; member of the general assembly of the state in 1895 ; presidential elector for the sixth Con- gressional district of Arkansas in 1900, and se- lected as electoral messenger ; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second <7o- gress. Bobinson, Milton Stapp, a Representative from Indiana ; born in Versailles, Ind., April 20, 1832; received a limited schooling; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Anderson, Ind., in 1851; presidential elector on 962 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. the Republican ticket in 1856; appointed a di- rector of the Michigan City prison in 1861, but resigned after a few months ; entered the Union Army in September, 1861, as lieutenant-colonel of the forty-seventh Indiana volunteer infantry December 13, 1861 ; colonel of the seventy-fifth Indiana volunteer infantry October 29, 1862; brevet brigadier-general March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war" ; resigned March 29, 1864 ; state senator 1866-1870 ; delegate to the national Republican convention in Philadelphia in 1872 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; appointed to the state appellate bench in March, 1891; chief justice at the time of his death in Anderson, Ind., July 28, 1892. Robinson, Moses, a Senator from Vermont; born in Hardwick, Mass., March 15, 1741; pur- sued classical studies in Dartmouth college; moved to Bennington, Vt, in 1761 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar ; practiced ; chief justice of Vermont in 1778; governor of Ver- mont 1789-1790; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from October 17, 1791, to October 15, 1796, when he resigned; died in Bennington, Vt., May 26, 1813. Robinson, Orville, a Representative from New York; born in Richfield, Oswego county, N. Y., October 28, 1801; completed preparatory studies; state representative in 1834, 1836, and 1837; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4,1843-March 3,1845); again elected a member of the state legislature in 1856; died in Oswego, N. Y., December 1, 1882. Robinson, Jr., Thomas, a Representative from Delaware; born in Georgetown, 'Sussex county, Del., in 1800; attended common schools and was graduated from Princeton ; studied law with his father, Peter Robinson, and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1823; treasurer of Sussex county in 1825; law court commissioner 1831- 1832; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841) ; died in Georgetown, Del., October 28, 1843. Robinson, William Erigena, a Representa- tive from New York ; born in Unagh, near Cookstown, in the county Tyrone, Ireland, May 6, 1814; attended the classical school in Cooks- town, and Belfast college in 1834 ; came to New York City in November, 1836; was graduated from Yale college in 1841 ; connected for two years with the Yale law school; assistant ed- itor of the New York Tribune in 1843 and its only Washington correspondent ; also wrote Washington correspondence for the Richmond (Va.) Whig, the Boston Atlas, the Louisville Journal, and other papers; admitted to the New York bar in 1854 ; practiced law in New York City; appointed by President Lincoln as- sessor of internal revenue for the third district of New York in 1862; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3. 1869) ; reelected to the Forty-seventh and Forty- eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885) ; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., January 23, 1892. Robison, David F., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; native of that state ; received a limited schooling ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857). Rochester, William Beatty, a Representa- tive from New York ; born in Hagerstown, Md., January 29, 1789; attended public schools, and was graduated from Charlotte Hall, St. Mary's county, Md. ; was aide-de-camp to General McClure in the war of 1812; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Bath, N. Y. ; member of the state legislature in 1818 ; presidential elector in 1821 ; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823) ; state circuit judge from April 21, 1823, until 1826, when he resigned; defeated as a candidate for governor ; charge d'affaires to the Federation of Central America in 1S27 ; located in Buffalo, N. Y., in 1828, and was presi- dent of the branch bank of the United States ; was drowned in the wreck of the steamer Pulaski, off the coast of North Carolina, June 15, 1838. Rockhill, William, a Representative from Indiana ; born in Burlington, N. J., February 10, 1793 ; received a limited schooling ; moved to Fort Wayne, Ind. ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; died in Fort Wayne, Ind., January 15, 1865. Rockwell, Francis Williams, a Representa- tive from Massachusetts ; born in Pittsfield, Mass., May 26, 1844; attended the public schools and Edwards' Place school, Stockbridge, Mass. ; was graduated from Amherst college in 1868 and from the Harvard law school in 1871 ; prac- ticed law in Pittsfield; appointed one of the spe- cial justices of the district court of central Berkshire in 1873, resigning in 1875; elected to the Massachusetts house of representatives in 1879, and to the senate in 1881 and 1882 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Congress to fill a vacancy caused by .the resignation of George D. Robinson ; reelected to the Forty- ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses, and served from January 26, 1884, to March 3, 1891 ; resumed the practice of law in Pittsfield, Mass. ; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1900. Rockwell, Hosea Hunt, a Representative from New York ; born in Laurenceville, Tioga county, Pa., May 31, 1840; attended the com- mon schools; served as private in the Twenty- third New York volunteers; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Elmira in 1869; member of assembly in 1877 ; city attorney of Elmira ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893) ; resumed the practice of law in Elmira, N. Y. Rockwell, John Arnold, a Representative from Connecticut ; born in Norwich, Conn., Au- gust 27, 1803 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1822 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Norwich ; twice elected to the state senate ; judge of the county court ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849) ; de- feated for reelection ; died in Washington, D. C., February 10, 1861. BIOGRAPHIES. 963 Bockwell, Julius, a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Colebrook, Conn., April 26, 1805; was graduated from Yale college in 1826 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Pittsfield, Mass., in 1830 ; mem- ber of the general court of Massachusetts 1834- 1838, and served three years as speaker ; state bank commissioner 1838-1840 ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1851) ; delegate to the state constitu- tional convention of 1853 ; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Edward Everett, and served from June 3, 1854, to January 31, 1855; presi- dential elector on the Fremont ticket in 1856 ; again a member of the general court in 1858 and served as speaker ; appointed a judge of the su- perior court of Massachusetts in 1859, resigned in 1886 ; died in Lenox, Mass., May 19, 1888. Boddenbery, Seaborn Anderson, a Represent- ative from Georgia ; born in Decatur county, Ga., January 12, 1870; moved to Thomas county in early childhood ; attended common schools and Mercer University, Macon, Ga., for three years ; occupied the chair of language and mathe- matics in South Georgia college one year ; mem- ber of the Georgia legislature 1892-1893, and declined reelection ; studied law, and was admit- ted to the bar in October, 1894 ; appointed judge of county court, Thomas county, in 1897 for four years, declined reappointment ; mayor of Thom- asville, and reelected without opposition in 1905 ; president of the board of education of Thomas county for four years, and member of board of trustees of Young's Female college and of the Norman institute; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of James M. Griggs, and served from February 28, 1910, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Si-wty-sccond Congress. Bodenberg, William, A., a Representative from Illinois; born near Chester, Randolph county, 111., October 30, 1865 ; attended the pub- lic schools and was graduated from Central Wesleyan college, Warrenton, Mo., in 1884 ; en- gaged in teaching for seven years ; attended the St. Louis law school, and was admitted to the bar ; a delegate to the Republican national con- ventions of 1896 and 1908 ; elected to the Fifty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901) ; appointed a member of the United States civil service commission by President McKinley, March 25, 1901 ; resigned April 1, 1902, in order to again make the race for Congress; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Bodey, Bernard Shandon, a Delegate from New Mexico ; born in County Mayo, Ireland, March 1, 1856; emigrated with parents to Can- ada in 1862 ; read law in Boston, Mass. ; moved to New Mexico in the spring of 1881 ; court stenographer of second district of New Mexico in 1882 ; admitted to the bar in 1883, and prac- ticed in Albuquerque; city attorney 1888-1889; member of the territorial legislative council (senate) in 1889; member of the constitutional convention of New Mexico in 1890; elected as a Republican Delegate to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905) ; sole judge of the Federal court of Porto Rico 1906-1910; appointed United States attorney for the second division of Alaska in July, 1910. Bodman, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Bensalem, Pa., October 7, 1757 ; completed preparatory studies ; served in the Revolutionary war and commanded a com- pany during the whisky insurrection ; several years a member of the state legislature ; elected to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813) ; died in Bensalem, Pa., July 27, 1824. Bodney, Caesar, a Delegate from Delaware; born in Dover, Del., October 7, 1728; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; high sheriff of Kent county, 1755-1758; justice of the peace and judge of all lower courts ; captain in Kent county militia in 1756 ; superintendent of the printing of Delaware currency in 1759 ; mem- ber of the state assembly for several years; superintendent of the loan office in 1769; an Associate justice 1769-1773; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1774-1776; served in the Revolutionary army; again elected as a Dele- gate to the Continental Congress, 1777-1778; a signer of the Declaration of Independence; re- elected, but before taking his seat elected presi- dent of Delaware, 1778-1782; declined a reelec- tion ; died in Dover, Del., June 29, 1784. Bodney, Ceesar Augustus, a Representative from Delaware; born in Dover, Del., January 4, 1772 ; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from the university of Pennsyl- vania in 1789; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Wilmington, Del., in 1793; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805) ; one of the managers to conduct the im- peachment trial of Judge Samuel Chase; ap- pointed Attorney-General of the United States by President Jefferson and continued by Presi- dent Madison; served from January 20, 1807, to December 5, 1811, when he resigned; served in the war of 1812 ; member of Delaware com- mittee of safety in 1813 ; state senator in 1815 ; sent to South America by President Monroe as one of the commissioners to investigate and re- port on the propriety of recognizing the inde- pendence of the Spanish-American Republics; elected to the Seventeenth Congress and served from March 4, 1821, to January 24, 1822, when he resigned; elected to the United States Sen- ate, and served from January 24, 1822, to Jan- uary 29, 1823, when he resigned ; appointed min- ister plenipotentiary to Buenos Aires; died in Buenos Aires, S. A., June 10, 1824. Bodney, Daniel, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Delaware; born in Lewes, Sussex county, Del., September 10, 1764; received a limited schooling; presidential elector in 1809; governor of Delaware 1814-1817 ; elected to the Seventeenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Caesar A. Rodney, and served from December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1823; ap- pointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Nicholas Van Dyke, and served from November 8, 1826, to January 12, 1827; died in Lewes, Del., Septem- ber 2, 1846. 964 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Rodney, George B., a Representative from Delaware; born in New Castle, Del., in 1803; was graduated from Princeton college in 1820; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1841- March 3, 1845) ; delegate to the peace congress in Washington in 1861; died in New Castle, Del., June 18, 1883. Rodney, Thomas, a Delegate from Delaware; born in Sussex county, Del., June 4, 1744 ; jus- tice of the peace 1770 and 1784 ; member of the assembly to elect delegates in 1774; member of the council of safety in 1775; colonel of Dela- ware militia during the Revolutionary war; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1781-1783 and 1785-1787; speaker of state assembly in 1787 ; superintendent of Kent county alms- house in 1802; appointed United States judge for Mississippi Territory in 1803; died in Rod- ney, Miss., January 2, 1811. Rogers, Andrew J., a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Hamburg, N. J., July 1. 1828; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was'admitted to the bar, and in 1852 began practice; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- eighth and Thirty -ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867). Rogers, Anthony A. C., a Representative from Arkansas; born in Sumner county, Tenn., February 14, 1821 ; received a limited school- Ing ; moved to Arkansas in 1854 ; candidate of the Union men for delegate to the state conven- tion in 1861 ; earnestly opposed secession ; ar- rested for his loyalty, imprisoned, and forced to give bonds to answer the charge of " treason against the Confederate government ; " elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, but was not al- lowed to take his seat, his State not having been loyally reconstructed ; elected as a people's candidate to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; defeated as a Democratic candidate for reelection. Rogers, Charles, a Representative from New York ; born in Northumberland, Saratoga county, N. Y., April 30, 1800 ; completed prepara- tory studies at Sandy Hill ; served in the state house of representatives in 1833-1837; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; died in Sandy Hill, Washington county, N. Y., January 13, 1874. Rogers, Edward, a Representative from New York; born in Connecticut in 1787; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from Williams College in 1809; studied law and was admitted to the bar and began practice in Madi- son, N. Y. ; held various local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841) ; died in Gal- way, N. Y., May 23, 1857. Rogers, James, a Representative from South Carolina ; native of South Carolina ; was gradu- ated from South Carolina college in 1813; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Yorkville; held various local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837) ; de- feated for reelection ; elected to the Twenty- sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843). Rogers, John, a Delegate from Maryland ; na- tive of Maryland; received a liberal schooling; was a member of the committee of safety, 1774- 1775; trustee of the Lower Marlborough acad- em in 1775 ; delegate in the Continental Con- gress, 1775-1776; one of the executive council on the organization of the state government in February, 1777 ; chancellor of Maryland from March 10, 1778, until his death in Annapolis, Md., September 23, 1789. Rogers, John, a Representative from New York; born in Caldwell, N. Y., May 9, 1813: completed preparatory studies; located in Black Brook, Clinton county, and was for many years a manufacturer of iron ; was supervisor of the town of Black Brook for ten years, and held other local offices ; was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1873) ; died in Fort Edward, N. Y., May 11, 1879. Rogers, John Henry, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Bertie county, N. C., October 9, 1845 ; moved to Mississippi in 1852 ; joined the ninth Mississippi regiment volunteers, Confed- erate service, as a private, in March, 1862; pro- moted to first lieutenant in same regiment, and served through the war ; attended Center col- lege, Danville, Ky., and was graduated from the University of Mississippi, at Oxford, in 1868; admitted to practice law in Canton, Miss., in 1868; moved to Fort Smith, Ark., in 1869; elected circuit judge in 1877 ; reelected in 1878, and resigned in May, 1882 ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1883- March 3, 1891) ; declined a reelection and re- turned to the practice of law in Fort Smith, Ark. ; member of the Democratic state conven- tion in 1892 ; delegate in the national Demo- cratic convention of 1892 ; appointed United States district judge for the western district of Arkansas by President Cleveland in November, 1896 ; died in Little Rock, Ark., April 17, 1911. Rogers, Sion Hart, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Wake county, N. C., September 30, 1825; was graduated from North Carolina university in 1846 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Raleigh ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4. 1853-March 3, 1855) : served in the Confederate army as a lieutenant in the forty-seventh 'North Carolina regiment; was attorney general of the state in 1862 and 1S65-1866; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3. 1873) ; defeated for reelection; died in Raleigh, N. C., August 14, 1874. Rogers, Thomas J., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Waterford, Ireland, in 1781; emigrated to the United States in 1784 and located first with parents in Easton, Pa., and acquired the art of printing; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of John Ross; reelected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses and served from March 24, 1818, to April 20, 1824, when he resigned; ap- pointed register and recorder of deeds for Northampton county, Pa. ; trustee of Lafayette college. 1826-1832; brigadier general in the state militia ; United States naval officer, port of Philadelphia; died in New York City, De- cember 7, 1832. BIOGKAPHIES. 965 Rogers, William Findlay, a Representative from New York ; born in Forks township, near the borough of Easton, Pa., March 1, 1820; at- tended common schools ; entered a printing office in Easton, Pa. ; foreman in the office of the Buffalo Daily Courier; served in the Civil war as colonel of the twenty-first regiment, New York volunteers ; mustered out in 1863 ; ap- pointed commissioner of enrollment, and after- wards provost-marshal of the thirty-second dis- trict of New York; comptroller of the city of Buffalo in 1867, and mayor in 1869; secretary and treasurer of the park commissioners in 1871; nominated for the state senate in 1878, but declined ; brevetted brigadier-general United States volunteers in 1865 for "faithful and meritorious services ; " elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4. 1883-March 3, 1885) ; superintendent of the sol- diers and sailors' home at Bath, N. Y., 1887- 1897 ; died in Buffalo, N. Y., December 16, 1899. Rollins, Edward Henry, a Senator from New Hampshire; born in Somersworth (Rollinsford), N. EL, October 3, 1824; attended academies in Dover, N. H., and South Berwick, Me. : engaged in mercantile pursuits; chairman of the Re- publican state committee of New Hampshire at its organization, and for many succeeding years ; member of the state legislature 1855-1857. and served the last two years as speaker of the house; chairman of the New Hampshire dele- gation in the National Republican convention in Chicago in 1860, which nominated Lincoln and Hamlin; elected to the Thirty-seventh, Thirty- eighth, and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1867) ; secretary of the Union Pacific railroad company in May, 1869, and treasurer in April, 1871, resigning those posi- tions before taking his seat in the Senate; elect- ed as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1877, to March 3, 1883; died in Isle of Shoals, New Hampshire, July 31, 1889. Rollins, James Sidney, a Representative from Missouri ; born in Richmond, Madison county, Ky., April 19, 1812 ; was graduated from the Uni- versity of Indiana in 1830 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Boone County, Mo. ; served several years in both branches of the state legislature; defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 1848 and 1857; elected as a Conservative to the Thirty- seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1865) ; as a Whig delegate in the Philadelphia Union convention of 1866; was styled " the father of the University of Mis- souri," and was for twenty-five years one of its board of curators and for sixteen years president of the board ; died in Columbia, Mo., January 9, 1888. Roman, J. Dixon, a Representative from Maryland ; native of Maryland ; received a thor- ough English training; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Hagers- town ; president of the Hagerstown bank ; elect- ed as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1849 and on the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket in 1857; died near Hagerstown, Md., January 19, 1867. Romeis, Jacob, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Weisenbach, Kingdom of Bavaria, in Germany, December 1, 1835 ; attended the vil- lage schools until April, 1847, when he came with his parents to America ; attended the public and select schools of Buffalo, N. Y. ; engaged in ship- ping business and railroading; located in To- ledo, Ohio ; elected to the board of aldermen of the city of Toledo in 1874, reelected in 1876, and president of the board in 1877; elected mayor in 1879, 1881, and 1883 ; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889). Romero, Trinidad, a Delegate from the Terri- tory of New Mexico; born in Santa Fe, N. Mex., June 15, 1835 ; attended the common schools ; merchant ; member of the territorial house of representatives in 1863; probate judge of San Miguel county, N. Mex. ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879). Roosevelt, James John, a Representative from New York; born in New York City December 14, 1795 ; was graduated from Columbia college in 1815; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1818, and began practice in New York City; councilman ; held several local offices ; member of the state house of representatives in 1835 and 1840 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); declined a reelection; engaged in the cultivation of a farm ; elected a justice of the supreme court for the New York district in 1851 and served one term as ex-officio judge of the state court of appeals until 1859; United States attorney for the district of New York ; died in New York City April 5, 1875. Roosevelt, Robert Barnwell, a Representa- tive from New York ; born in New York City, August 7, 1829; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New York City ; fish commissioner of the state of New York ; edited for several years the New York Citizen ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) ; was minister to the Hague by appointment of President Cleveland ; died in Saville, N. Y., June 14, 1906. Root, Elihu, a Senator from New York ; born in Clinton, Oneida county, N. Y., February 15, 1845 ; attended common schools and was grad- uated from Hamilton college in 1864 ; taught in the Rome academy in 1865 ; was graduated from the law school of the University of the City of New York in 1867, when he was admitted to the bar ; engaged in practice in the city of New York ; appointed by President Arthur in March, 1883, United States attorney for the southern district of New York, and served until July, 1885 ; was delegate at large in the state consti- tutional convention in 1894, and chairman of the judiciary committee; member of the commission on Alaskan boundary, appointed by President Roosevelt; appointed Secretary of War August 1, 1899, and retired January 31, 1904 ; appointed Secretary of State July 7, 1905, and resigned January 22, 1909; elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1909; counsel for the United States in the North At- lantic fisheries arbitration at The Hague in 1910; chairman of the Republican National con- vention in Chicago in 1912. 966 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Root, Erastus, a Representative from New York; born in Hebron, Conn., March 16, 177?.; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1793 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1796, and began practice in Delhi, N. Y. ; member of the state assembly 1798-1802 ; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805) ; reelected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811) ; state sen- ator 1812-1815; elected to the Fourteenth Congress and was seated after a contest of the election of John Adams December 13, 1815; served to March 3, 1817 ; again a member of the state assembly 1818-1822; elected lieutenant- governor in 1822 and defeated for reelection in 1823; again a member of the state assembly in in 1830 ; elected to the Twenty-second .Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833) ; defeated as the Whig candidate to the Twenty-sixth- Congress ; major-general of militia; again state senator 1840-1844; died in New York City December 24, 1846. Root, Jesse, a Delegate from Connecticut; born in Coventry, Conn., December 28, 1736; was graduated from Princeton in 1756 ; studied theology in Andover and preached for several years; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1763 began practice in Hartford, Conn. ; captain, lieutenant-colonel, and adjutant-general in the Revolutionary army ; Delegate in the Continetal Congress 1778-1783; state attorney 1785-1789; appointed a judge of the superior court in 1789 and its chief justice in 1796-1807, when he resigned ; member of the state house of representatives; died in Coventry, Conn., March 29, 1822. Root, Joseph Mosley, a Representative from Ohio; born in Brutus, N. Y., October 7, 1817; pursued classical studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and in 1829 began practice in Norwalk, Ohio ; held various local offices ; mem- ber of the state senate in 1840; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty -first Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1851) ; died in Sandusky, Ohio, April 7, 1879. Roots, Logan Holt, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Perry county, 111., March 26, 1841; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from the Illinois state normal university in 1862 ; assisted in recruiting the eighty-first Illinois volunteers; served in various responsible positions in the army until the close of the war; settled in Arkansas and engaged in planting and trading ; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871) ; defeated for reelection; died in Little Rock, Ark., May 30, 1893. Rose, Robert L., a Representative from New York ; born in Geneva, N. Y., October 12, 1804 ; received a limited schooling, and engaged in farming; held several local offices; elected as a Clay Democrat to the Thirtieth and Thirty- first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851). Rose, Robert Selden, a Representative from New York ; born in Henrico county, Va., in 1772 ; attended the common schools; removed to Ge- neva, N. Y. ; member of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1811, 1820, and 1821; elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827); reelected to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829- March 3, 1831) ; died in Waterloo, N. Y., No- vember 24, 1835. Rosecrans, William Starke, a Representative from California ; born in Kingston, Ohio, Sep- tember 6, 1819 ; attended the United States mili- tary academy at West Point and was graduated July 1, 1842 ; brevet second lieutenant United States corps of engineers July 1, 1842 ; second lieutenant April 3, 1843 ; first lieutenant March 3, 1853 ; volunteer aide de camp and colonel en- gineers of Ohio volunteers from April 23 to June 12, 1861; colonel of the twenty-third Ohio infantry June 12 to June 17, 1861; brigadier- general May 16, 1861 ; major-general March 21, 1862; by resolution of March 3, 1863, received the thanks of Congress " for distinguished gal- lantry and good conduct at the battle of Mur- freesboro, Tenn " ; brevet major-general March 13, 1865, " for gallant and distinguished service at the battle of Stone River, Tenn."; resigned March 28, 1867 ; brigadier-general February 27, 1889, and retired March 1, 1889 (act of Feb- ruary 27, 1889) ; located in California; declined the offer of the directorship of the branch mint in 1867 ; United States minister to Mexico 1868- 1869 ; and the Democratic nominee for gov- ernor of California ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885) ; Register of the Treasury 1S85-1S93 ; died near Redondo. Los Angeles county, Cal., March 11, 1898. Ross, David, a Delegate from Maryland ; born in Maryland about 1750; sat in the Conti- nental Congress 1786-1787. Ross, Edmund Gibson, a Senator from Kan- sas; born in Ashland, Ohio, December 7, 1826; received a limited schooling; apprenticed to a printer ; moved to Milwaukee. Wis., and was employed in the office of the Milwaukee Senti- nel four years; moved to Kansas in 1856 and became editor of the Kansas Tribune ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1859 ; entered the Union Army as a private and at- tained the rank of major; appointed as a Re- publican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James H. Lane ; was subsequently elected, and served from July 19, 1866, to March 3, 1871; defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor in 1880; re- moved to New Mexico in 1882; appointed gov- ernor of the territory by President Cleveland in May. 1885 ; died in Albuquerque, N. Mex., May 8, 1907. Ross, George, a Delegate from Pennsylvania ; born in New Castle, Del., in 1730; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1751, and began practice in Lan- caster. Pa. ; member of the colonial assembly 1768-1776 ; elected a Delegate to the Continental Congress 1774-1777 ; signer of the Declaration of Independence ; member of the convention of Pennsylvania ; appointed in April, 1779, judge of the court of admiralty for Pennsylvania ; died in Lancaster, Pa., July 16, 1779. Ross, Henry Howard, a Representative from New York ; born in Essex, Essex county, N. Y., May 9, 1790; was graduated from Columbia college. New York, in 1808 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in BIOGEAPHIES. 967 Essex, N. Y. ; adjutant 011 the staff of Gen. John E. Wool at the battle of Plattsburg, September 11, 1814; elected as a Whig to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827) ; county judge of Essex county in 1847-1848 ; presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; died in Essex, N. Y., September 14, 1862. Boss, James, a Senator from Pennsylvania ; born in York county. Pa., July 12, 1762; com- pleted preparatory studies and taught school ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1784, and began practice in Washington, Pa. ; re- moved to Pittsburgh in 1795 ; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1789-1790: elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate, to fill the vacancy caused by the Senate declaring the election of Albert Gallatin void ; reelected, and served from April 24, 1794, to March 3, 1803 ; was defeated for governor in 1799, 1801, and in 1808; died near Pittsburgh. Pa., November 27, 1847. Boss, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania ; born in Solebury, Bucks county, Pa., February 24, 1770 ; studied law in West Chester, Pa., was admitted to the bar in 1792, and en- gaged in practice in Easton. Pa. ; member of the state legislature in 1800; elected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811) ; reelected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1815, to February 24, 1818, when he resigned to become president- judge of the seventh judicial district; transferred to the state supreme court bench in 1830, and served until his death, in Easton, Pa., January 31, 1834. Boss, Jonathan, a Senator from Vermont ; born in Waterford, Vt, April 30, 1826 ; attended the public schools, St. Johnsbury academy, and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1851 ; was principal of the Chelsea and Craftsbury academies 1851-1856; read law, and was ad- mitted to the bar in January, 1856 ; returned to St. Johnsbury and practiced until 1870; state attorney for Caledonia county 1862-1863; rep- resented St. Johnsbury in the lower house of the legislature 1865, 1866, and 1867, and in 1870 elected to the senate; judge of the supreme court of Vermont 1870-1890 ; chief justice 1890- 1899 ; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Justin S. Morrill, and. served from January 11, 1889, to October 18, 1900; chairman board of state rail- road commissioners 1900-1902; died in St. Johnsbury, Vt, February 23, 1905. Boss, Lewis Winans, a Representative from Illinois; born in Seneca county, N. Y., Decem- ber 8, 1812; moved to Illinois; completed pre- paratory studies, and attended Illinois college in 1837; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Lewistown, 111. ; member of the state legislature in 1840, 1841, 1844, and 1845; presidential elector in 1848; member of the state constitutional conventions of 1861 and 1870 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869) ; died in Lewis- town, 111., October 29, 1895. Boss, Miles, a Representative from New Jer- sey ; born in Raritan township, Middlesex county, N. J., April 30, 1827; received a prac- tical English training; engaged in the vessel business ; filled many local offices ; for two years a member of the state assembly; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1883) ; died in New Brunswick, N. J., February 22, 1903. Boss, Sobieski, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Coudersport, Pa., May 16, 1828; completed preparatory studies; civil en- gineer, and engaged also in farming; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third and Forty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877) ; died in Coudersport, Pa., October 25, 1877. Boss, Thomas, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; native of Pennsylvania ; was gradu- ated from Princeton college in 1823; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-sec- ond Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853). Boss, Thomas Bandolph, a Representative from Ohio ; born in New Garden township, Chester county. Pa., October 26, 1788; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Lebanon. Ohio, in 1810 ; elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1825) ; lost his eyesight in 1866 ; died on his farm near Lebanon, Ohio, June 28, 1869. Bothermel, John H., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Richmond township, Berks county, Pa., March 7, 1856; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar August 20, 1881, and engaged in practice in Reading. Pa. ; elected as a Democrat to the Six- tieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Bothwell, Gideon F., a Representative from Missouri ; born in Callaway county, Mo., in 1836 ; was graduated from the University of the State of Missouri ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Moberiy, Mo. ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881) ; resumed the practice of law in Moberiy, Mo. ; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1884; appointed in 1889 member of the board of curators of the Univer- sity of Missouri, of which board he was presi- dent 1890-1894; died in Moberiy, Mo., January 18, 1894. Bousseau, Lovell Hillary, a Representative from Kentucky; born near Stanford, Ky.. Au- gust 4, 1818; received a limited schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1841 began practice in Bloomfield, Ind. ; member of the state house of representatives 1844-1845 ; captain in the Mexican war; served in the In- diana state senate; returned to Kentucky and resumed law practice in Louisville; member of the Kentucky state senate; served in the Union army; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- ninth Congress, and served from March 4, 1865, to July 21, 1866, when he resigned, after having made an assault upon Representative Grinnell, of Iowa, in the capitol ; subsequently reelected, and took his seat December 3, 1866, and served until March 3. 1867; appointed brigadier gen- 968 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. eral in the Regular Army and assigned to duty in Alaska ; while visiting friends in New Or- leans, before starting, his conduct led General Sheridan, who was in command then, to make complaint against him ; returned from Alaska to testify in the impeachment trial, and was him- self assigned to the command from which Sheri- dan was removed; died in New Orleans, La., January 7, 1869. Rowan, John, a Representative and a Senator from Kentucky ; born in York county, Pa., July 12, 1773; moved to Louisville, Ky. ; received a thorough classical training; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Louis- ville; secretary of the state of Kentucky in 1804 ; elected to the Tenth Congress, and served from January 9, 1809, to March 3, 1809; judge of the court of appeals in 1819 ; elected to the United States Senate, and served from Novem- ber 10, 1825, to March 3, 1831; died in Louis- ville, Ky., July 13, 1843. , Howe, Peter, a Representative from New York ; born in Crescent, N. Y., March 10, 1807 ; completed preparatory studies; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; died in Schenectady, N. Y., April 17, 1876. Rowell, Jonathan Harvey, a Representative from Illinois ; born in Haverhill, N. H., Febru- ary 10, 1833; was graduated from Eureka col- lege, Illinois, and the law department of the Uni- versity of Chicago ; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Bloomington, 111. ; state attor- ney of the eighth judicial circuit of Illinois 1868-1872; presidential elector on the Garfield and Arthur ticket in 1880 ; served three years as a company officer in the seventeenth Illinois in- fantry; elected as a Republican to the Forty- eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891) ; re- sumed the practice of law ; died in Bloomington, 111., May 15, 1908. Rowland, Alfred, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Lumberton, Robeson county, N. C., February 9, 1844; attended the common schools; entered the Confederate army in May, 1861, and served as a lieutenant in company D, eighteenth regiment of North Caro- lina state troops until May 12, 1864; captured in battle of Spotsylvania Court-House and im- prisoned at Fort Delaware until June, 1865; studied law and was admitted to the bar in January, 1867 ; register of deeds for Robeson county in 1867 ; member of the general assembly of North Carolina 1876-1877 and 1880-1881; Cleveland and Hendricks elector in 1884 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891) ; died in Lumberton, Robeson county, N. C., Au- gust 2, 1898. Royce, Homer Elihu, a Representative from Vermont; born in East Berkshire, Vt, June 14, 1820; attended the academies of St. Albans and Enosburg, Vt. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1842 began practice in Berkshire, Vt. ; member of the state house of representa- tives 1846-1847 ; state prosecuting attorney in 1848; state senator 1849-1851, 1861, and 1868; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857- March 3, 1861) ; elected associate justice of the supreme court of Vermont in 1870; appointed chief justice in 1882; resigned in 1890; died in St. Albans, Vt., April 24, 1891. Royse, Lemuel W., a Representative from Indiana ; born in Kosciusco county, Ind., Janu- ary 19, 1848; attended common schools; read law and was admitted to the bar in 1874 and engaged in practice in Warsaw, Ind.; elected prosecuting attorney for the thirty-third judicial circuit of Indiana in 1876 ; mayor of the city of Warsaw 1885-1891 ; Republican elector in 1884 ; member of the Republican state central com- mittee 1886-1890; delegate to the Minneapolis convention which nominated Harrison for his second term in 1892 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899) ; resumed the practice of law in Warsaw, Ind. Rucker, Atterson Walden, a Representative from Colorado ; born in Harrodsburg, Mercer county, Ky., April 3, 1847 ; attended the com- mon schools of Kentucky and Missouri; served four years in the Confederate army; was ad- mitted to the bar in Lexington, Mo., and prac- ticed law in the courts of Missouri and Kansas before moving to Colorado in 1879 ; served upon the bench (court of record) in Lake county, Colo.; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Re- elected to the Si&ty-second Congress. Rucker, William Waller, a Representative from Missouri ; born near Covington, Va., Feb- ruary 1, 1855 ; moved with parents to western Virginia in 1861 ; attended the common schools ; moved to Chariton county, Mo., in 1873; engaged in teaching district schools; continued the study of law and was admitted to the bar in 1876; prosecuting attorney of Chariton county 1886- 1892; judge of the twelfth circuit 1892-1899; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty- seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Ruffin, Thomas, a Representative from North Carolina ; native of Edgecombe county, N. C. ; was graduated from Chapel Hill university ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and be- gan practice in Goldsboro ; circuit attorney 1844- 1848 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1861) ; retired from the House on the secession of North Caro- lina ; delegate to the Confederate provisional congress in Richmond in July, 1861 ; served in the Confederate army as colonel of the first North Carolina cavalry; died while a prisoner of war in Alexandria, Va., October 17, 1863. Rug-gles, Benjamin, a Senator from Ohio; born in Wyndham county, Conn., in 1783 ; com- pleted preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Mari- etta, Ohio ; moved to St. Clairsville, Ohio ; presi- dent judge of the court of common pleas for the third judicial circuit, 1810-1815; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and twice reelected ; served from March 4, 1815, to March 3, 1833; presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1836; died in St. Clairsville, Ohio, September 2, 1857. BIOGKAPHIES. 969 Buggies, Charles Herman, a Representative from New York; bora in New Milford, Conn., February 10, 1789; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Kingston, N. Y. ; member of the state assembly in 1820; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823) ; circuit judge and vice chancellor of the second judicial district of New York, 1833-1846 ; moved to Poughkeepsie, N. Y. ; member state constitutional convention of 1846; judge of the Dutchess county court; again elected a member of the state assembly; judge of the court of ap- peals, 1847-1855; died in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., June 16, 1865. Buggies, John, a Senator from Maine; born in Westboro, Mass., October 8, 1789 ; was gradu- ated from Brown university in 1813; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Skowhegan, Me., 1815-1817; moved to Thomas- ton in 1818 ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives, 1823-1831, and its speaker 1825-1829 and 1831 ; judge of the court of common pleas, 1831-1834 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Peleg Sprague, and served from Janu- ary 20, 1835, to March 3, 1841 ; died in Thomas- ton, Me., June 20, 1874. Buggies, Nathaniel, a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Roxbury, Mass., No- vember 11, 1761 ; was graduated from Harvard college in 1781 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Roxbury, Mass., ap- pointed judge of the general sessions in 1807; chief justice in 1808 ; was elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1819; died in Roxbury, Mass., December 19, 1819. Bumple, John Nicholas William, a Repre- sentative from Iowa ; born near Fostoria, Ohio, March 4, 1841 ; attended public schools, after- wards Western college, Iowa, and the Iowa state university ; enlisted in company H, second Iowa cavalry, August, 1861, and remained in the army until October, 1865; mustered out as cap- tain ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in February, 1867, and entered practice in Ma- rengo, Iowa ; member of the state senate and of the board of regents of the state university for six years, also curator of the state historical society ; member of city council, mayor, solici- tor, member of school board; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-seventh Congress and served from March 4, 1901, until his death in Chicago, 111., January 31, 1903. Bumsey, Benjamin, a Delegate from Mary- land ; barn in Bohemia Manor, Cecil county, Md., in 1730; member of the Maryland conven- tion of December 29, 1775 ; member of the Coun- cil of Safety of 1776 ; a Delegate in the Conti- nental Congress, 1776-1778. Bumsey, David, a Representative from New York ; born in Salem, Washington county, N. Y., December 25, 1810 ; received a limited school- ing; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1831, and practiced for several years in Bath, N. Y. ; surrogate of Steuben county 1840-1844; held many local offices; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851) ; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1867; member of the commission to propose amendments to the state constitution in 1872; appointed justice of the state supreme court, to fill a vacancy, in 1873; elected to the office in the fall of the same year ; died in Bath, N. Y., March 12, 1883. Bumsey, Edward, a Representative from Kentucky ; native of that state ; completed pre- paratory studies; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839). Bunk, John, a Representative from New Jer- sey; native of that state; completed prepara- tory studies; presidential elector on the Harri- son and Tyler ticket in 1840 ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1847). Buppert, Jacob, jr., a Representative from New York; born in the city of New York, Au- gust 5, 1867; attended the Columbia grammar school ; engaged in the brewing business ; mem- ber of the seventh regiment, National guard of New York, before his appointment as aid-de- camp, with the rank of colonel, on the staff of Governor Hill, and subsequently as senior aid on the staff of Governor Flower; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1907). Bush, Benjamin, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania ; born near Philadelphia, Pa., December 24, 1745; was graduated from Princeton college in 1760 ; studied medicine in Philadelphia, Edin- burgh, London, and Paris; began practice in Philadelphia in August, 1769; held several pro- fessorships in the Philadelphia medical college; sat in the Continental Congress 1776-1777; a signer of the Declaration of Independence; en- tered the Revolutionary army as surgeon-gen- eral of the middle department in April, 1777 ; made physician-general in July, 1777; resigned in February, 1778; delegate to the state consti- tutional convention which adopted the Federal Constitution; planned the Philadelphia dispen- sary in 1785; treasurer of the United States mint at Philadelphia from 1799 until his death, in that city, April 19, 1813. Busk, Harry Welles, a Representative from Maryland ; born in Baltimore, Md., October 17, 1852 ; attended the private schools, and was graduated from the Baltimore City college in 1866, and from the Maryland university law school in 1882; admitted to the bar and prac- ticed in Baltimore; six years a member of the Maryland house of delegates, and four years a member of the Maryland senate; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of William H. Cole ; reelected to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty- second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses, and served from December 6, 1886, to March 3, 1897 ; resumed the practice of law in Balti- 'more, Md. Busk, Jeremiah McLain, a Representative from Wisconsin ; born in Morgan county, Ohio, June 17, 1830; received a limited schooling; moved to Vernon county, Wis., in 1853 ; held various local offices ; member of the Wisconsin state legislature in 1862; served in the civil war ; major of the twenty-fifth Wisconsin vol- unteers August 14, 1862 ; lieutenant-colonel Sep- 970 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. tember 16, 1863; brevet colonel and brigadier- general of volunteers March 13, 1865, " for gal- lant and meritorious service during the war ; " mustered out June 7, 1865 ; bank comptroller of Wisconsin 1866-1867, and again elected for 1868-1869 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty- second, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1877) ; de- clined ministry to Uruguay and Paraguay ten- dered by President Garfield; governor of Wis- consin 1882-1889; Secretary of Agriculture March 5, 1889, to March 5, 1893; died in Viro- qua, Wis., November 21, 1893. Busk, Thomas Jefferson, a Senator from Texas; born in Camden, S. C., August 8, 1802; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Georgia; moved to Nacogdoches, Tex., in 1835; delegate to the convention which declared for the independence of Texas, March 2, 1836; first secretary of war of the new republic; at the battle of San Jacinto took command of the forces after General Houston was wounded, and retained it until October, 1836, when he re- sumed his duties as secretary of war; chief justice of the supreme court of Texas 1838- 1842 ; president of the convention that confirmed the annexation of Texas to the United States in 1845; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; reelected and served from Febru- ary 21, 1846, until his death ; was elected presi- dent pro tempore of the Senate March 14, 1857, in the special session of the Senate; died in Nacogdoches, Tex., July 29, 1857. Buss, John, a Representative from Connecti- cut; born in Ipswich, Mass., October 29, 1767; completed preparatory studies; moved to Hart- ford, Conn.; elected as a Democrat to the Six- teenth and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1823) ; judge of the Hartford probate court 1824-1830; died in Hartford, Conn., June 22, 1832. Bussell, Benjamin Edward, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Monticello, Fla., October 5, 1845 ; moved to Decatur county, Ga., in 1854 ; attended the common schools; entered the Con- federate army as a drummer boy in the first Georgia regiment ; upon the disbanding of this regiment, immediately enlisted in the eighth Florida regiment, and continued with it the last three years of the war with the rank of first lieutenant ; captured at the battle of Sailors Creek, Virginia, April 6, 1865, and imprisoned at Johnsons Island. Ohio, until all of the Con- federate armies had surrendered; entered the printing business ; editor of the Bainbridge, Ga., Democrat; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1877 ; delegate to the national Democratic convention of 1880; mayor of Bain- bridge in 1881-1882 ; representative in the legis- lature 1882-1883; postmaster of Bainbridge 1885-1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897) ; resumed the publication of the Bainbridge Democrat ; died in Bainbridge, Ga., December 4, 1909. Bussell, Charles Addison, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Worcester, Mass., March 2, 1852 ; received a public school and col- legiate education, and was graduated from Yale college in 1873; city editor of the Worcester Press 1873-1879, and associate editor of the Worcester Spy 1879-1880; engaged in the manu- facture of wool ; member of the house of the general assembly of Connecticut in 1883 ; secre- tary of state of Connecticut 1885-1886; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth, and to the seven succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1889, until his death; nominated for the Fifty- eighth Congress, but died before the election, in Killingly, Conn.,' October 23, 1902. Bussell, Daniel Lindsay, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Belville, Bruns- wick county, N. C., August 7, 1845 ; attended the Bingham school in Orange county, N. C., and the university at Chapel Hill ; studied law and was licensed to practice in June, 1866 ; elected to the state legislature in August, 1864, and re- elected in October, 1865; elected judge of the superior courts for the fourth judicial circuit in April, 1868, and served six years; elected in 1871 to the constitutional convention from the county of Brunswick ; again elected to the legis- lature in November, 1876 ; delegate to the Re- publican convention in Cincinnati in 1876 ; Hayes elector for the state at large in 1876 ; elected as a Nationalist to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881) ; elected gov- ernor of North Carolina in 1896; died in Bel- ville, N. C., May 14, 1908; interment in Mays- ville, Jones county, N. C. Bussell, David, a Representative from New York; born in Petersburg, N. Y., in 1780; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Salem, N .Y. ; served as a member of the state assembly 1826 and 1830; district attorney for the northern judicial district of New York ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1841) ; died in Salem, N. Y., November 24, 1861. Bussell, Gordon, a Representative from Texas ; born in Huntsville, Ala. ; attended the Sam Bailey institute, Griffin, Ga., and Craw- ford high school, Dalton, Ga., and after a two years' course at the University of Georgia re- ceived from that institution the degree of A. B. ; taught school in Dalton, Ga. ; read law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Texas in 1879 and located in Van Zandt county; moved to Tyler, Smith county, in 1895 ; elected county judge of Van Zandt county in 1884, and at the end of one term relinquished the office to re- sume the practice of law ; elected district at- torney of the seventh judicial district in 1892 ; reelected in 1894 ; elected district judge of the seventh jiidicial district in 1896, and reelected in 1900 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Reese C. De Graff enreid ; was reelected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth. Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from Decem- ber 2, 1902, to June 15, 1910. when he resigned to become United States district judge, eastern district of Texas. Bussell, James M., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born hi York, Pa., November 10, 1786 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Bedford, Pa. ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress, to fill the vacancy BIOGRAPHIES. 971 caused by by the death of Joseph Lawrence and served from January 3, 1842, to March 3, 1843 ; died in Bedford, Pa. December 20, 1870. Russell, Jeremiah, a Representative from New York ; born in Saugerties, N. Y., January 26, 1786; received a limited schooling; held sev- eral local offices; presidential elector on the Van Buren ticket in 3836; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1845) ; defeated for reelection to the Twenty-ninth Congress; died in Saugerties, N. Y., September 30, 1867. Russell, John, a Representative from New York ; native of that state ; elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1809). Russell, John Edwards, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Greenfield, Mass., January 20, 1834 ; was instructed by private tu- tors; traveled extensively in South and Central America ; returned to Massachusetts and be- came interested in mail transportation west of the Mississippi and in steamship lines upon the Pacific coast ; engaged in farming ; elected sec- retary of the Massachusetts state board of agri- culture in 1880 ; five times reelected ; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889) ; twice defeated for gov- ernor of Massachusetts; member of the deep waterways commission ; died in Leicester, Mass., October 28, 1903. Russell, Jonathan, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Providence, R. I., Feb- ruary 27, 1771 ; was graduated from Brown uni- versity (then Rhode Island college) in 1791; studied law and was admitted to the bar, but did not practice ; became a merchant ; appointed by President Madison to the diplomatic service in France; transferred to England, where he was charg4 d'affaires when war was declared against the United States in 1812; minister to Norway and Sweden January 18, 1814, to Octo- ber 16, 1818 ; commissioner to negotiate a treaty of peace with Ghent in 1814 ; returned home in 1818, and located in Mendon, Mass. ; member of the general court of Massachusetts in 1820; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth Con- gress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823) ; died in Milton, Mass., February 16, 1832. Russell, Joseph, a Representative from New York; native of that state; received a limited schooling; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847) ; reelected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853). Russell, Joseph James, a Representative from Missouri ; born near Charleston, Mississippi county, Mo., August 23, 1854 ; attended the pub- lic schools and Charleston academy ; after read- ing law and obtaining a license to practice was graduated from the law school of the Missouri state university; county school commissioner for Mississippi county, Mo., 1878-1879; elected prosecuting attorney in 1880 and 1882 ; a Cleve- land elector in 1884; elected to the state legis- lature in 1886 and 1888; in the first term was elected speaker pro tempore and in the second term speaker of the house; in 1892 was a dele- gate to the Democratic national convention that nominated Grover Cleveland ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1909) ; defeated for reelection to the Sixty-first Congress. Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Russell, Leslie W., a Representative from New York; a resident of Ogdensburg, N. Y. ; elected to the Fifty-second Congress, and served from March 4, 1891, to September 11, 1891, when he resigned. Russell, Samuel L., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; native of Pennsylvania ; com- pleted preparatory studies; held various local offices; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Russell, William, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Ireland in 1782 ; emigrated to the United States and located in West Union, Ohio ; received a limited schooling; held several local offices ; was a representative in the state legis- lature 1809-1810, and 1811-1813; state senator 1819-1821 ; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1833) ; de- feated for the Twenty-third Congress ; moved to Portsmouth, Ohio, and elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843) ; died in Portsmouth, Ohio, September 28, 1845. Russell, William Augustus, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Wells River, Vt., April 22, 1831; pursued an academic course in Franklin, N. H. ; engaged in the manufacture of paper in Exeter, N. H., in 1852; moved in 1852 to Lawrence, Mass. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1869; delegate to the Re- publican national conventions of 1868 and 1876 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth Forty- seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1885) ; after leaving Congress de- voted his time to the manufacture of paper ; died in Boston, Mass., January iO, 1S99. Russell, William Ferio, a Representative from New York ; born in Saugerties, N. Y. ; com- pleted preparatory studies; became a merchant; held several local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857- March 3, 1859) ; died in Saugerties, N. Y., April 29, 1896. Rust, Albert, a Representative from Ar- kansas; native of Virginia; completed prepara- tory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Eldorado, Ark. ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857) ; defeated for reelection; elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861) ; briga- dier-general in the Confederate army; died in Eldorado, Ark., April 3, 1870. Rutherford, Robert, a Representative from Virginia ; native of Virginia ; completed prepara- tory studies; held several local offices; elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797) ; defeated for reelection to the Fifth Congress. Rutherford, John, a Senator from New Jer- sey ; born in New York City September 20, 1760 ; was graduated from Princeton college in 1776; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in New York City, 1779-1787, and later in 972 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. Edgerston, N. J. ; presidential elector in 1798, 1813, and 1821 ; elected to the United Sates Sen- ate and served from March 4, 1791, to December 5, 1798, when he resigned ; member of the New York and New Jersey boundary commission in 1826, and of the New York, New Jersey, arid Pennsylvania boundary commission, 1829-1833; died in Rutherford, N. J., February 23, 1840. Rutledge, Edward, a Delegate from South Carolina ; born in Charleston, S. C., November 23, 1749 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law at the Temple in London, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Charleston in 1773; elected to the Continental Congress, 1774- 1777 ; a signer of the Declaration of Independ- ence; appointed a member of the first board of war in June, 1770 ; again elected in 1779, but did not take his seat ; captain and lieutenant colonel of a company of volunteer artillery in the Revo- lutionary army ; taken prisoner when the Brit- ish captured Charleston, and imprisoned at St. Augustine a year ; exchanged ; member of the state legislature in 1782 and for several term?, thereafter; member of the state constitutional convention of 1790, and was author of the act abolishing the law of primogeniture in 1791 ; was tendered the appointment of associate jus- tice of the United States Supreme Court in 1794. but did not accept; governor of South Carolina from 1798 until his death in Charleston, S. C., January 23, 1800. Rutledge, John, a Delegate from South Caro- lina ; born in Charleston, S. C., in 1739 ; pursued classical studies; studied law at the Temple in London ; returned to Charleston, S. C., where he began practice in 1761 ; was attorney-general pro tempore in 1764 ; elected to the Provincial Congress at New York in 1765, and to the Con- tinental Congress, 1774-1777 ; elected presi- dent of South Carolina, 1776-1778, and gov- ernor, 1779-1782 ; again elected a Delegate to the Continental Congress, 1782-1783 ; elected one of the state chancellors in 1784 ; delegate in the Philadelphia convention that adopted the Federal Constitution ; member of the state con- vention to ratify the Federal Constitution; re- ceived the electoral vote of South Carolina for Vice-President in 1789; associate justice of the United States Supreme Court, serving from 1789-1791; elected chief justice of South Caro- lina, 1790, and resigned in 1795 ; nominated by President Washington in 1795 to be Chief Jus- tice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and presided at the August term, but the Sen- ate, December 15, 1795, refused to confirm him ; died in Charleston, S. C., July 23, 1800. Rutledge, John, jr., a Representative from South Carolina; born in Charleston, S. C., in 1766 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law with his father, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Charleston, S. C. ; held several local offices ; elected as a Federalist to the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1803; died in Philadelphia Sep- tember 1, 1819. Ryall, Daniel Bailey, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Trenton, N. J., January 30, 1789 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Freehold, N. J. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1841) ; died in Freehold, N. J., Decem- ber 17, 1864. Ryan, James Wilfrid, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Norwegian township, Schuylkill county, Pa., October 16, 1858; moved to Mahanoy City with his parents, where he attended the public schools; then attended the high school of Frackville, and after graduating taught in the public schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1884; elected dis- trict attorney in 1892 and served until January, 1896; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901) ; died in Mahanoy City, Pa., February 26, 1907. Ryan, Thomas, a Representative from Kan- sas; born in Oxford, N. Y., November 25, 1837; moved with parents to Bradford county, Pa. ; attended Dickinson seminary in Williamsport, Pa. ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1861; served in the Union army 1S62-1S64 ; moved to Topeka, Kans., in 1865 ; county attorney for eight successive years; assistant United States attorney for Kansas 1873-1877 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth', Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1889) ; reelected to the Fifty-first Congress, but resigned before it assembled ; minister to the Republic of Mexico 1889-1893; appointed First Assistant Secretary of the Interior by President McKinley and reappointed by President Roose- velt; served until 1907, when he was sent to Muskogee, Okla., as the personal resident rep- resentative of the Secretary of the Interior; a resident of Muskogee, Okla. Ryan, William, a Representative from New York; born in Tipperary, Ireland, March 8, 1840; came to the United States with his parents, who settled in Stanwich, Conn., in 1844 ; attended district schools ; in the spring of 1859 went to the Rocky mountains and engaged in prospecting, mining, and Indian campaigning until 1861, when he returned home and settled in Porr Chester, N. Y. ; engaged in farming and teaching, and later in the mercantile business; held local and county offices ; member of the state assembly 1891-1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895) ; resumed business as a merchant in Port Chester, N. Y. ; president of the Port Chester savings bank and president of the village of Port Chester in 1912. Ryan, William, Henry, a Representative from New York; born in Hopkinton, Mass., May 10, 1860; moved to Buffalo with his par- ents in 1866 : attended the public and high schools ; engaged in general insurance and bond- ing business ; elected to the board of supervisors of Erie county in 1894, and reelected in 1897 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty- seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1909) ; delegate in the Democratic national convention in St. Louis in 1904 ; a resident of Buffalo, N. Y. Ryon, John Walker, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Tioga county, Pa., March 4, 1825 ; attended the common schools and Mill- ville academy, Orleans county, N. Y., and Wells- boro academy, Wellsboro, Pa. ; studied law, was BIOGRAPHIES. 973 admitted to the bar in 1847, and practiced in Pottsville, Pa. ; elected district attorney of Tioga county in 1850; reelected in 1853, and held the office until 1856 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879- March 3, 1881) ; died in Pottsville, Schuylkill county, Pa., March 12, 1901. Sabath, Adolph J., a Representative from Illinois: born in Bohemia April 4, 1866; at- tended grammar and high school ; came to the United States in 1881 and located in Chicago, 111.; was graduated from the Chicago Col- lege of Law in 1891, and was admitted to the bar; appointed justice of the peace for the city of Chicago ; police magistrate from 1897 to 1907 ; member of the central and executive committees of the Democratic party ; delegate in the Demo- cratic national convention in St. Louis in 1904 ; declined the nomination for municipal judge; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Sabin, Alvah, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Georgia, Vt., October 23. 1793; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Columbian college, Washington, D. C. ; studied theology ; served in the War of 1812 ; served ten years as a member of the state house of representatives ; secretary of state of Ver- mont in 1841 ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857) ; delegate in the first Anti- Slavery national convention ; died in Sycamore, 111., January 22, 1885. Sabin, Dwight May, a Senator from Minne- sota ; born near Marseilles, La Salle county, 111., April 25, 1843; attended the country schools and Phillips academy, Andover, Mass.; served in the Union army; engaged in lumbering and the general manufacture of railroad cars and agricultural machinery ; moved to Stillwater, Minn., in 1868; member of the state senate of Minnesota in 1872-1875; member of the state house of representatives 1878 and 1881; mem- ber of the Republican national committee for Minnesota ; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1872, 1876, 1880, and 1884 ; chair- man of the Republican national committee De- cember 12, 1883; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 3, 1883, until March 3, 1889; died in Chicago, 111., December 22, 1902. Sabine, Lorenzo, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Lisbon, N. H., February 28, 1803 ; completed preparatory studies ; engaged in banking, and later as a merchant in Eastport, Me. ; member of the state house of representa- tives for three terms; deputy collector of cus- toms; moved to Massachusetts in 1849; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Benjamin Thomas, and served from December 28, 1852, to March 3, 1853; located in Boston, Mass., where he died April 14, 1877. Sackett, William Augustus, a Representa- tive from New York ; born in Aurelius, N. Y., November 18, 1811 ; moved to Seneca Falls, N. Y. ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3. 1853) ; died in Saratoga Springs, N. Y., Sep- tember 6, 1895. Sadler, Thomas William, a Representative from Alabama ; born near Russellville, Franklin county, Ala., April 17, 1831; moved with his parents to Jefferson county, Ala., in 1833 ; pur- sued an academic course; moved to Autauga county, Ala., in 1855; engaged in mercantile pursuits until the Civil war; volunteered and served in the division of the Confederate army commanded by Gen. Joseph Wheeler; engaged in agricultural pursuits; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced ; county super- intendent of education from 1875 to 1884; Han- cock elector in 1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887) ; resumed the practice of law until his death in Prattville, Ala., October 29, 1896. Sage, Ebenezer, a Representative from New York; born in Chatham (now Portland), Conn., August 16, 1755; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Yale college in 1778; studied medicine and practiced; moved to New York and settled in Sag Harbor; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thir- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1815) ; presented credentials as a member elect to the Sixteenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1819, to January 14, 1820, when he was succeeded by James Guyon, jr., who con- tested his election ; delegate in the convention for amending the constitution of New York; died in Sag Harbor, N. Y., January 20, 1834. Sage, Russell, a Representative from New York ; born in Shenandoah, Oneida county, N. Y., August 4, 1816 ; moved with parents to Durham- ville in 1818; attended the public schools; en- gaged in mercantile pursuits in Troy, N. Y. ; alderman of Troy 1845-1848; for some years treasurer of Rensselaer county ; delegate in the Whig national convention of 1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857) ; moved to New York City in 1863, and engaged in the banking business; became president and director of several railroad companies and finan- cial institutions; died in Lawrence, Nassau county, Long Island, N. Y., July 22, 1906. Sailly, Peter, a Representative from New York; born in Lorraine, France, April 20, 1754; came to the United States in 1783, and located in Plattsburg, N. Y. ; engaged in business ; asso- ciate justice of the court of common pleas 1788- 1796 ; commissioner of highways and school com- missioner in 1797 and 1798 ; supervisor of schools in 1799 and 1800 ; member of the state assembly in 1803; first judge of the county in 1804; elected as a Democrat to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807) ; appointed by President Jefferson collector of customs at Plattsburg in 1807, and held the office until his death, March 16, 1826. St. Clair, Arthur, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania ; born in Thurse, Caithness, Scotland, in 1734 ; attended the University of Edinburgh, and studied medicine under Dr. John Hunter; pur- chased a commission as ensign in the sixtieth foot, May 13, 1757, and came to America with Admiral Bosca wen's fleet ; served under Gen. Amherst at the capture of Louisburg, July 26, 1758, and under Gen. James Wolfe at Quebec September 30, 1758 ; resigned April 16, 1762, and located in Ligonier valley, Pa., in 1764, and erected mills; surveyor of the district of Cum- 974 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. berland in 1770; justice of the court of quarter sessions and of common pleas; member of the proprietary council, justice, recorder, and clerk of the orphans' court ; prothouotary of Bedford and Westmoreland counties; colonel of Pennsyl- vania militia in July, 1775; colonel of the sec- ond Pennsylvania battalion January 3, 1776; brigadier-general of the Continental army Aug- ust 9, 1776; major-general February 19, 1777, and served to the close of the war ; major-gen- eral and commander of the United States Army March 4, 1791 ; resigned March 5, 1792 ; was a member of the Pennsylvania council of censors in 1783 ; a Delegate in the Continental Congress from November 2, 1785, to November 28, 1787, and its president in 1787 ; governor of the North- west Territory upon its formation in 1789, and served until November 22, 1802; returned to Pennsylvania, and located upon a small farm upon the summit of Chestnut Ridge; died in Greensburg, Pa., August 31, 1818. St. John, Charles,' a Representative from New York ; born in Orange county, N. Y., October 8, 1818; attended the common schools; engaged in lumbering on the Delaware River ; merchant ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875); presidential elector in 1880; died in Port Jervis, N. Y., July 6, 1891. St. John, Daniel B., a Representative from New York; born in Sharon, Conn., October 8, 1808 ; engaged in the mercantile and real estate business in Monticello, N. Y., in 1831; elected to the state assembly as a Henry Clay Whig in 1840; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; moved to Newburgh, N. Y. ; delegate in the Union national convention in Baltimore in 1860; un- successful candidate for Congress on the Demo- cratic ticket in 1860 ; member of the state senate in 1875; delegate in the national Democratic convention in St. Louis in 1876; chief register in the banking department of New York state; died in New York City, February 18, 1890. St. John, Henry, a Representative from Ohio ; native of New York; received a limited school- ing; moved to Tiffin, Ohio; held several local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847). St. Martin, Louis, a Representative from Louisiana ; born in St. Charles parish, La., May 17, 1820; attended St. Mary's college, Missouri, and Jefferson college, Louisiana ; elected to the state legislature in 1846; appointed register of the United States land office for the south- eastern district of Louisiana by President Polk ; reelected to the legislature; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853) ; engaged in mercantile pursuits; appointed register of voters for the city of New Orleans; presented credentials to the Thirty-ninth Congress, but was refused ad- mission, as it was hel'd that Louisiana was not then a state in the Union; contested the elec- tion of J. Hale Sypher to the Forty-first Con- gress, but the seat was declared vacant; dele- gate in the Democratic national conventions that nominated Pierce, Seymour, Tilden, and Han- cock; presidential elector on the Tilden ticket: for several years occupied a position in the municipal government of New Orleans; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887) ; died in New Orleans, La., February 9, 1893. Salmon, Joshua S., a Representative from New Jersey ; born near Mount Olive, Morris county, N. J., February 2, 1846; attended the seminaries in Charlottesville, N. Y., and School- eys Mountain, N. J. ; was graduated from the Albany law school in 1873, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Boonton ; prosecutor of the pleas for Morris county from April, 1893, to April, 1898; elected to the state legislature in 1877; Democratic candidate for the state senate in 1883 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1899, until his death, in Boonton, N. J., May 6, 1902. Saltonstall, Leverett, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Haverhill, Mass., June 13, 1783; pursued classical studies; attended Phillips academy in Exeter, and was graduated from Harvard college in 1802; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Salem in 1805; unsuccessful as the Whig can- didate from the Essex south district in 1820; elected to the state house of representatives and served as speaker; member of the state senate and its president in 1831; mayor of Salem, Mass., 1836-1838; presidential elector on the Webster ticket in 1837; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1820; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Stephen C. Phillips; reelected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses, and served from De- cember 5, 1838, to March 3, 1843; an active member of the Massachusetts historical society, the American academy of arts and sciences, and other literary and historical associations; overseer of Harvard 1835-1845; published an historical sketch of Haverhill; died in Salem, Mass., May 8, 1845. Samford, William James, a Representative from Alabama; born in Greenville, Meriwether county, Ga., September 16, 1844; attended the common schools; moved in early childhood to Chambers county, Ala.; entered the University of Georgia, but left and enlisted in the Con- federate army as a private in the forty-sixth Alabama regiment; made first lieutenant, and was in command of a company at the close of the war; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Opelika, Ala., in 1867 ; alternate presidential elector for the third Alabama district in 1872; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1875 ; Democratic presidential elector in 1872 and 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, .1879-March 3, 1881) ; elected to the general assembly in 1882 ; member of the state senate in 1884-1886 and 1892, and served as president of the senate in 1886; governor of Alabama, 1900- 1901 ; president of the board of trustees of the university of Alabama ; died in Tuscaloosa, Ala., June 11, 1901. Sammons, Thomas, a Representative from New York; born in Sammonsville. Montgomery county, N. Y., October 28, 1762; attended the public schools ; served as an officer in the Revo- lutionary war; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses (March 4, 1803- BIOGRAPHIES. 975 March 3, 1807) ; unsuccessful as the Democratic candidate for the Tenth Congress ; reelected to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1813) ; died in Johnstown, N. Y., November 20, 1838. Sample, Samuel C., a Representative from Indiana ; born in Maryland ; moved to Indiana and settled in South Bend; elected as a Whig to the Twenty -eighth Congress (March 4, 1843- Marcli 3, 1845). Sampson, Ezekiel Silas, a Representative from Iowa; born in Huron county, Ohio, De- cember 6, 1831; attended the public schools, a private school in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, and Knox college, Illinois; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Sigourney, Iowa, in 1856 ; prosecuting attorney in 1856-1858 ; enlisted in the Union army as cap- tain in the fifth Iowa infantry in 1861, and lieutenant-colonel in the same regiment when mustered out in 1864; returned to the practice of law in Sigourney, Iowa; member of the state senate in 1866 ; judge of the sixth district of Iowa from January, 1867, until January, 1875 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty- fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; died in Sigourney, Iowa, October 7, 1892. Sampson, Zabdiel, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Plympton, Mass., Au- gust 22, 1781; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Brown university in 1803; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Plympton ; elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1817, to July 26, 1820, when he resigned ; appointed collector of cus- toms at Plymouth, Mass., and served until his death in Plymouth, Mass., July 19, 1828. Samuel, Edmund William, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in England, November 27, 1857 ; came with his parents to Ashland, Schuylkill county, Pa. ; employed in a coal breaker and in coal mining; attended the public schools ; learned the drug business and began the study of medicine; was graduated from the Jef- ferson medical college in Philadelphia, March 13, 1880, and commenced practice in Mount Car- mel, Pa. ; served three years as school director in Mount Carmel ; elected as a to the Fifty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907) ; resumed the practice of medicine in Mount Carmel, Pa. Samuels, Green Berry, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Shenandoah county, Va., Feb- ruary 1, 1806 ; pursued classical studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841) ; resumed the practice of law ; elected judge of the circuit court in 1850, and of the court of appeals; died in Richmond, Va., January 5, 1859. Sanders, Wilbur Piske, a Senator from Mon- tana ; born in Leon, Cattaraugus county, N. Y., May 2, 1834; attended the common schools; taught school in New York; moved to Ohio in 1854, where he continued teaching; studied law in Akron, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar in 1856; recruited a company of infantry and a battery of artillery in the summer of 1861, and in October following was commissioned a first lieutenant in the sixty-fourth Ohio infan- try, of which regiment he was made adjutant: acting assistant adjutant-general on the staff of Gen. James W. Forsyth; assisted in 1862 in the construction of defenses along the railroads south of Nashville; resigned and located in Idaho (now Montana), and engaged in the prac- tice of law and also became interested in mining and stock raising; Republican candidate for Delegate to Congress in 1864, 1867, 1880, and 1886; delegate in the Republican national con- ventions of 1868, 1872, 1876, and 1884; member of the legislative assembly of Montana 1872- 1880 ; declined the appointment of United States attorney for Montana tendered by President Grant in 1872; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate January 1, 1890, and served from April 16, 1890, to March 3, 1893; died in Helena, Mont, July 7, 1905. Sandford, Thomas, a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Westmoreland county, Va., in 1762; pursued classical studies; moved to Kentucky in 1792; delegate in the state consti- tutional convention of 1799 ; member of the state house of representatives; elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1807) ; died December 10, 1808. Sandidge, John Milton, a Representative from Louisiana ; born in Franklin county, Ga., January 7, 1817; moved to Louisiana and be- came a planter ; member of the state house of representatives 1846-1855, and served two years as speaker ; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1852; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859) ; died in Bastrop, La., March 30, 1898. Sandord, James T., a Representative from Tennessee ; native of Virginia ; attended the com- mon schools ; moved to Columbia, Tenn. ; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823- March 3, 1825). Sands, Joshua, a Representative from New York; born in Queens county, N. Y., in 1758; received a limited schooling; member of the state senate 1792-1799; collector of customs at the port of New York in 1797; elected to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805) ; reelected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827) ; died Septem- ber 13, 1835. Sanford, John, a Representative from New York ; born in Amsterdam, Montgomery county, N. Y., January 18, 3851; was graduated from Yale college in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4. 1889-March 3, 1893) ; engaged in the manufacture of carpets in Amsterdam, N. Y. Sanford, John, a Representative from New York; native of that state; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843) ; member of the state sen- ate in 1851 ; died in Amsterdam, N. Y., October 7, 1857. Sanford, Jonah, a Representative from New York ; native of that state ; member of the state house of representatives 1827-1830; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831). 976 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Sanf ord, Nathan, a Senator from New York ; born in Bridgehampton, Long Island, November 6, 1777 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1799, and began practice in New York City; United States com- missioner in bankruptcy in 1802 ; United States attorney for the district of New York 1803- 1816; member of the state house of representa- tives 1810-1811, and served as speaker in 1811 ; member of the state senate 1812-1815; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1815, to March 3, 1821; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1821 ; chancellor of New York from August 1, 1823, until his resignation in January, 1826; again elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1825, to March 3, 1831; died in Flushing, N. Y., October 17, 1838. Sanf ord, Stephen, a Representative from New York ; born in Montgomery county, N. Y., May 26, 1826 ; pursued classical studies ; carpet manufacturer; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871). Sapp, William Fletcher, a Representative from Iowa ; born in Danville, Ohio, November 20, 1824; attended the public schools, and pur- sued an academic course; "studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in June, 1850, and practiced in Mount Vernon, Ohio ; elected prosecuting attorney in 1854 and 1856 ; moved in 1860 to Omaha, Nebr. ; appointed in 1861 adjutant-general of Nebraska Territory ; elected a member of the territorial legislative council ; entered the Union army in 1862 as a lieutenant-colonel of the second Nebraska cavalry, and served until mustered out ; moved to Council Bluffs, Iowa, and prac- ticed law; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1865 ; appointed United States dis- trict attorney for Iowa in 1869, and served until 1873; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877- March 3, 1881) ; died in Council Bluffs, Iowa, November 22, 1890. Sapp, William Robinson, a Representative from Ohio ; born near Cumberland, Md., March 5, 1804 ; attended the common schools ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857) ; collector of internal revenue under Gen- eral Grant ; died in Mount Vernon, Knox county, Ohio, January 6, 1875. Sargent, Aaron Augustus, a Representative and a Senator from California ; born in New- buryport, Mass., September 28, 1827; learned the printer's trade ; moved to California in 1849 ; established the Journal in Nevada City ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1854 and prac- ticed; district attorney for Nevada county, Cal., 1855-1856; elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863) ; reelected to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873) ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1879; practiced law in San Francisco 1879-1882; ap- pointed by President Garfield United States minister to Germany in 1882 and held the office until the action of the German authorities in excluding American pork from the Empire made his incumbency personally distasteful, and then resigned ; declined the mission to Russia ; re- turned to California in 1884 ; died in San Fran- cisco, Cal., August 14, 1887. Sauerhering, Edward, a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Mayville, Wis., June 24, 1864 ; attended the public schools and was gradu- ated from the Chicago college of pharmacy in 1885 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899) ; superintendent of com- mission of public works; justice of the peace; a resident of Mayville, Wis. Saulsbury, Eli, a Senator from Delaware; born in Mispillion Hundred, Kent county, Del., December 29, 1817 ; attended the common schools and Dickinson college, Pa. ; member of state leg- islature 1853-1854; moved to Dover, Del., in 1856; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1857, and practiced; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate ; reelected in 1876, and 1883, and served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1889 ; died in Dover, Del., March 22, 1893. Saulsbury, Willard, a Senator from Dela- ware; born in Mispillion Hundred, Kent county, Del., June 2, 1820; attended the common schools and Dickinson college, Pa. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in George- town, Del. ; attorney-general of Delaware 1850- 1855; delegate in the Democratic national con- vention of 1856; elected to the United States Senate; reelected, and served from March 4, 1859, to March 3, 1871; delegate in the Demo- cratic national convention of 1864 ; chancellor of the state in 1874, until his death in Dover, Del., April 6, 1892. Saunders, Alvin, a Senator from Nebraska; born in Fleming county, Ky., July 12, 1817 ; at- tended the common schools and pursued an academic course; moved with his father to Illinois in 1829, and to Mount Pleasant, Iowa (then a part of Wisconsin Territory), in 1836; postmaster of Mt. Pleasant for seven years; studied law, but never entered upon its prac- tice; engaged in mercantile and banking pur- suits ; member of the state constitutional con- vention of 1846 ; member of the state senate for eight years ; member of the first Republican convention ever held in Iowa ; delegate in the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1860; one of the commissioners appointed by Congress to organize the Pacific railroad com- pany ; governor of the Territory of Nebraska 1861-1867; delegate in the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1868; elected as a Re- publican to the United States Senate, and served from March 5, 1877, to March 3, 1883; died in Omaha, Nebr., November 1, 1899. Saunders, Edward Watts, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Franklin county, Va., October 25, 1860; attended the common schools, the Bellevue high school of Bedford county, Va., and was graduated from the University of Vir- ginia in 1882 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Rocky Mount, Va., in 1882; member of the state legislature a number of terms; elected speaker of the house in 1899; elected judge of the fourth circuit in 1901 ; judge of the seventh circuit ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-ninth Congress, to fill BIOGRAPHIES. 977 vacancy caused by the resignation of Claude A. Swanson; reelected to the Sixtieth and Sixty- first Congresses and served from November 6, 1906, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Saunders, Romulus Mitchell, a Representa- tive from North Carolina ; born in Caswell (then Orange) county, N. C., March 3, 1791; pursued classical studies, and attended the Uni- versity of North Carolina 1809-1811; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1812 began practice in Milton, N. C. ; member of the house of commons of North Carolina 1815, 1817, and 1839, and served two years as speaker; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821- March 3, 1827) ; declined a reelection; attorney general of the state 1828-1831 ; judge of the su- perior court in 1835-1840 ; defeated on the Demo- cratic ticket for governor in 1840; reelected to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845) ; minis- ter to Spain 1846-1849 ; again elected a member of the state house of commons 1850-1852 ; judge of the superior court 18521856; member of the board of commissioners to revise the laws of North Carolina ; trustee of the University of North Carolina 1819-1864; died in Raleigh, N. C., April 21, 1867. Savage, John, a Representative from New York; born in Salem, N. Y., in 1779; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Union college in 1799; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar and practiced in Salem, N. Y., 1800-1819 ; served in the state assembly in 1814 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1819); United States district attorney; state comptroller 1821-1823 ; chief justice of the state supreme court 1823-1837; assistant United States treasurer in New York City ; presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1845; died in Utica, N. Y., October 19, 1863. Savage, John Houston, a Representative from Tennessee; born in McMinnville, Tenn., October 9, 1815; attended the common schools; served as a private in the Seminole war ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Smithville, Tenn. ; colonel of state militia ; attorney general of the fourth Tennes- see district 1841-1847; presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844 ; major of the fourteenth United States infantry in the Mexi- can war, and promoted to lieutenant-colonel ; elected to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853) ; de- clined a reelection; reelected to the Thirty- fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859) ; colonel of the sixteenth Tennessee infantry in the Confederate army, and was wounded at Perryville and Murfrees- boro ; member of the state legislature in 1877- 1879 and 1887; died in McMinnville, Tenn.. April 5, 1904. Savage, John Simpson, a Representative from Ohio; born in Clermont county, Ohio, October 30, 1841 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Wilmington, Ohio, in 1865 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty- fourth Congress (March 4,1875-March 3,1877) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; died in Wilmington, Ohio, November 24, 1884. 50346'-' S. Doc. 654, 61-2 62 Sawtelle, Cullen, a Representative from Maine ; born in Norridgewock, Me., September 25, 1805; was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1825 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1829 began practice in Norridgewock ; register of probate 1830-1838; member of the state sen- ate 1843-1844; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; reelected to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851; died in Engle- wood, N. J., November 10, 1887. Sawyer, Frederick Adolphus, a Senator from South Carolina ; born in Bolton, Mass., Decem- ber 12, 1822; was graduated from Harvard col- lege in 1844; taught school in Gardiner, Me., 1844-1847; in Wiscasset, Me., 1847-1851; in Lowell, Mass., and Nashua, N. H., in 1852; in Wakefield. Mass., 1853-1855, and in Boston, Mass., 1855-1859; took charge of the normal school in Charleston, S. C., in 1859 ; given a pass for himself and family through the lines and allowed to return to the North in 1864 ; returned to Charleston and was active in advancing re- construction measures in 1865; appointed col- lector of internal revenue in the second South Carolina district in May, 1865; elected to the United States Senate, and served from July 16, 1868, to March 3, 1873; Assistant Secretary of the Treasury 1873-1876; connected with the coast survey 1874-1880; special agent of the War Department 1880-1887; died in Sewanee, Tenn., July 31, 1891. Sawyer, John Gilbert, a Representative from New York; born in Brandon, Vt., June 5, 1825; attended the common schools and Millville acad- emy; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced ; justice of the peace from January 1, 1852, to April, 1858 ; district attorney of Orleans county from January 1, 1863, to January 1, 1866; judge and surrogate of Orleans county, Vt, from January 1, 1868, to January 1, 1884; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891) ; resumed the practice of law in Albion, N. Y., until his death, September 5, 1898. Sawyer, Lemuel, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Camden county, N. C., in 1777; prepared for college at Flatbush acad- emy, Long Island, N. Y., and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1799; attended the University of Pennsylvania for a time; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1804, and began practice in Elizabeth, N. C. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1800 and 1801; presidential elector on the Jef- ferson ticket in 1804 ; elected as a Democrat to the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1813) ; reelected to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1823) ; unsuc- cessful candidate for election to the Eighteenth Congress; elected to the Nineteenth and Twen- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Twenty-first Congress; located in Elizabeth, N. C. ; department clerk in Washington, D. C., until his death, January 9, 1852. Sawyer, Philetus, a Representative and a Senator from Wisconsin ; born in Whiting, Rut- land county, Vt., September 22, 1816; moved with his father's family to Crown Point, N. Y., 978 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. in 1817 ; attended the common schools ; went to Fond du Lac county, Wis., in 1847 and engaged in the lumber business ; member of the legis- lature of Wisconsin in 1857 and 1863 ; mayor of Oshkosh in 1863 and 1864; delegate in the Republican national convention in Balti- more in 1864, in Cincinnati in 1876, and in Chi- cago in 1880; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth, and to the four succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1875) ; elected to the United States Senate and reelected and served from March 4, 1881, to March 3, 1893; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; died in Oshkosh, Wis., March 29, 1900. Sawyer, Samuel Locke, a Representative from Missouri ; born in Mount Vernon, N. H., November 27, 1813 ; was graduated from Dart- mouth college in 1833 ; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in Amherst, N. H., in 1836; settled in Lexington, Mo., in 1838; circuit attor- ney of the sixth judicial circuit of Missouri in 1848, and reelected in 1852 ; delegate in the Mis- souri constitutional convention of 1861 ; dele- gate in the Democratic national convention in 1868 ; elected judge of the twenty-fourth judicial circuit in 1871 and reelected in 1874 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881) ; died in Independence, Mo., April 1, 1890. Sawyer, Samuel T., a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Chowan county. N. C., in 1800; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Edenton ; member of the state house of representatives 1829-1832 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3. 1839) ; defeated for re- election ; moved to Norfolk, Va., and engaged in newspaper work; died in Norfolk, Va., Novem- ber 29, 1865. Sawyer, William, a Representative from Ohio; native of St. Marys, Ohio: elected to the Twenty -ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-ilarch 3, 1849). Say, Benjamin, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1756 ; at- tended the Quaker schools and studied medicine in the University of Pennsylvania ; commenced practice in Philadelphia ; served in the Revolu- tionary war; elected to the Tenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph Clay ; reelected to the Eleventh Congress, and served from November 16, 1808, until his resig- nation in June, 1809; founder of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, and its treasurer 3791-1809; died in Philadelphia, Pa., April 23, 1813. Sayers, Joseph Draper, a Representative from Texas; born in Grenada, Miss., September 23, 1841 ; moved with his father to Bastrop, Tex., in 1851 ; attended Bastrop military institute ; entered the Confederate army in 1861 and served continuously until April, 1865 ; attained the rank of major ; taught school ; studied law in Bastrop, Tex., and was admitted to the bar in 1866 ; member of the state senate in 1873 ; chair- man of the Democratic state executive commit- tee 1875-1878; lieutenant governor of Texas 1879-1880; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- ninth, and to the six succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1885. until his resignation January 16, 1899: governor of Texas 1899-1903; resumed the practice of law in Austin, Tex. Sayler, Henry Benton, a Representative from Indiana ; born in Montgomery county, Ohio, March 31, 1836 ; moved to Clinton county, Ind. ; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served in the Union army as lieutenant, captain, and major ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; elected judge in 1882 and served six years ; died in Hunting- ton, Ind., June 18, 1900. Sayler, Milton, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Lewisburg, Preble county, Ohio, No- vember 4, 1831 ; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Miami University in 1852 ; studied law, was admitted to the bnr and prac- ticed ; member of the state legislature 1862- 1863 ; member of the city council of Cincinnati 18641865 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879) ; speaker pro tempore of the house of representatives ; died in New York City. Scales, Alfred Moore, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Reedsville, Rockingham county, N. C., November 26, 1827 ; pursued classi- cal studies, attended the Caldwell institute in Greensboro and the University of North Caro- lina 1845-1846 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1851, and practiced in Madison, N. C. ; solicitor of Rockingham county in 1853 ; member of the general assembly of North Carolina 1852- 1853, and 1856-1857 ; presidential elector on the Breckenridge and Lane ticket in 1860; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859) ; volunteered in the Civil war as a private in the Confederate army, afterwards promoted and served as cap- tain, colonel, and brigadier-general ; resumed the practice of law in Greensboro, N. C. ; again a member of the general assembly 1S66-1S69 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, and to the four succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1875, until his resignation, De- cember 30, 1884, to become governor of North Carolina ; governor of North Carolina, 1884- 1888; engaged in banking in Greensboro, N. C., until his death, February 9, 1892. Scammon, John Fairneld, a Representative from Maine; born in Saco, Mass., (now Maine), October 24, 1786; attended the public schools; merchant ; member of the state house of rep- resentatives 1817, 1820, and 1821; collector of customs in Saco 1829-1841; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847) ; member of the state sen- ate in 1855 ; died in Saco. Me., May 23, 1858. Scarborough, Robert Bethea, a Representa- tive from South Carolina ; born in Chesterfield, S. C., October 29, 1861; attended the common schools and Mullins, S. C., academy ; studied law, was admitted to the bar May 27, 1884, and commenced practice in Conway, S. C. ; member of the state senate from Horry county, S. C., and was elected president pro tempore in 1898 : lieutenant-governor of South Carolina in 1899 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905) ; resumed the practice of law in Con- way, S. C. Schell, Richard, a Representative from New York; born in Rhinebeck, N. Y., May 15, 1810; completed preparatory studies ; merchant ; moved BIOGRAPHIES. 979 to New York in 1830 and became a wholesale dry goods merchant ; member of the state senate in 1857; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of David B. Mellish, and served from December 7, 1874, to March 3, 1875; died in New York City, November 10, 1S79. Schenck, Abraham H., a Representative from New York ; born in Duchess county, N. Y., in 1777; pursued classical studies; member of the state house of representatives 1804-1806 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817) ; engaged in manufacturing; died February 20, 1831. Schenck, Ferdinand Schureman, a Represent- ative from New Jersey; born in Middlesex county, N. J., February 11, 1790 ; completed pre- paratory studies ; studied medicine and prac- ticed ; member of the state house of represent- atives 1829-1831 ; elected as a Jackson Demo- crat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, m33-March 3. 1835) ; reelected to the Twenty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837) ; member of the state constitutional convention of 1844; died in Camden, N. J., May 17, 1860. Schenck, Robert Gumming-, a Representative from Ohio; born in Franklin, Ohio, October 4, 1809; was graduated from Miami university in 1827, and was a tutor for three years; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Dayton, Ohio ; member of the state legislature 1841-1843; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- eighth, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1843-March3, 1851) ; appointed minis- ter to Brazil, and also accredited to Uruguay, Ar- gentine Confederation, and Paraguay 1851-1854; entered the Union army May 17, 1861, as briga- dier general of volunteers ; promoted to major general September 18. 1862, to date from Aug- ust 30, 1862; resigned December 3. 1863; re- elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1871 ) ; delegate in the Phila- delphia Loyalist convention of 1866; member of the Alabama claims commission in 1871 ; minis- ter to Great . Britain 1870-1876, when he re- signed ; resumed the practice of law in Wash- ington, D. C., until his death, March 23, 1890. Schermerhorn, Abraham Maus, a Represent- ative from New York ; born iij Schenectady, N. Y., December 11, 1791 ; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Union college in 1810; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1812; moved to Rochester, N. Y., in 1813; held several local offices; engaged in the bank- ing business ; mayor of Rochester in 1837 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1848: elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3. 1853) ; died in Rochester, N. Y., August 22, 1855. Schermerhorn, Simon Jacob, a Represent- ative from New York; born in Rotterdam, Schenectady county, N. Y., September 26, 1827; attended the common schools; engaged in farm- ing ; supervisor ; elected to the state legislature in 1862: a director and trustee in local banks; Cleveland elector in 1888; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1S93-Mnrch 3, 1895) ; died in Rotterdam, N. Y., July 21, 1891. Schirm, Charles Reginald, a Representative from Maryland; born in Baltimore, Md., August 12, 1864 ; attended the public schools ; began a four years' apprenticeship at iron molding; at- tended Washington and Jefferson college, Wash- ington, Pa. ; taught school in Pennsylvania and Maryland ; studied law and was admitted to the Baltimore county bar March 6, 1896; mem- ber of the house of delegates of Maryland 1898- 1900 ; appointed counsel to the board of police commissioners for Baltimore city and served 1899-1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Fifty-eighth Congress; resumed the practice of law in Baltimore, Md. Schleicher, Grustave, a Representative from Texas ; born in Darmstadt, Germany, November 19, 1823; attended the University of Giessen; became a civil engineer and was employed in the construction of several European railroads; emigrated to Texas in 1847, and in 1850 settled in San Antonio; member of the state house of representatives 1853-1854 ; served in the state senate 1859-1861; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses and served from March 4, 1875, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 10, 1879. Schley, William, a Representative from Geor- gia ; born in Frederick, Md., December 15, 1786 ; moved with parents to Georgia in childhood; completed preparatory studies ; attended the academies of Louisville and Augusta, Ga. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1812 began practice in Augusta, Ga. ; judge of the superior court 1825-1828 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1830 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835) ; governor of Georgia 1835-1847; president of the Georgia medical college, Augusta, for several years; died near Augusta, Ga., November 20, 1858. Schneebeli, Gustav Adolphus, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania ; born in Neusalz, Prus- sia, May 23, 1853; came with his parents to the United States and settled in Bethlehem, Pa. ; later removed to Nazareth, Pa., and entered upon a mercantile career; founded the knit- goods industry of the Nazareth waist company ; in 1888 he established a lace manufacturing company, of which he became sole owner; elected us a Republican to the Fifty -ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907) ; resumed the manufacturing business in Nazareth, Pa. Schoolcraft, John L., a Representative from New York ; Native of Albany, N. Y. ; received a limited schooling; merchant; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853) ; died in St. Catherines, Canada, May 11, 1860. Schoonmaker, Cornelius C., a Representative from New York; born in Shawangunk, Ulster county, N. Y., in June, 1745 ; received a limited schooling, but became a surveyor; member of the committees of vigilance and safety during the Revolutionary war; member of the state assembly 1777-1790; member of the state con- vention for the adoption of the Federal consti- tution: elected to the Second Congress (March 4. 1791 -March 3, 1793) ; again a member of the state assembly 1795-1796; died in Shawangunk, N. Y., in the spring of 1790. 980 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Schoonmaker, Marius, a Representative from New York; born in Kingston, N. Y., April 24, 1811 ; attended the common schools and Kingston academy, and was graduated from Yale college in 1830 ; was admitted to the bar in 1833 ; mem- ber of the state senate 1849-1850; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853) ; auditor of the canal de- partment of New York state 1854-1855 ; superin- tendent of the banking department; resumed the law practice in Kingston, N. Y. ; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1867 ; presi- dent of the board of directors of Kingston ; died in Kingston, N. Y., January 5, 1894. Schumaker, John Godfrey, a Representative from New York; born in Claverack, N. Y., June 26, 1826; completed preparatory studies in the Lenox, Mass., academy ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in 1847 ; moved to Brooklyn, N. Y,, in 1853; district at- torney for Kings county; corporation counsel for the city of Brooklyn 1862-1864 ; member of the state constitutional conventions of 1862, 1867, and 1894; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; reelected to the Forty-third and Forty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877) ; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., November 23. 1905. Schuneman, Martin G., a Representative from New York; a native of Ulster county, N. Y. ; attended the common schools; elected to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807). Schureman, James, a Delegate and a Repre- sentative and Senator from New Jersey ; born in New Brunswick, N. J., February 12, 1756; was graduated from Rutgers college in 1775 ; became a merchant; served in the Revolutionary army; member of the state house of representatives 1783-1784, 1785, 1788 ; member of the provincial congress of New Jersey 1786; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1786-1787; elected as a Federalist to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791) ; reelected to the Fifth Congress (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1799) ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Rutherfurd and served from December 3, 1799, until his resignation February 6, 1801; member of the state senate and council of New Jersey 1808, 1810, 1812 ; mayor of New Brunswick ; elected to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815) ; died in New Brunswick, N. J., January 22, 1824. Schurz, Carl, a Senator from Missouri; born in Liblar, Germany, March 2, 1829; pursued classical studies; came to the United States in 1852 and located in Philadelphia, Pa. ; moved to Watertown, Wis., in 1855; studied law and was admitted to the bar ; unsuccessful candidate for lieutenant governor of Wisconsin ; engaged in the practice of law in Milwaukee, Wis. ; dele- gate in the Chicago convention of 1860; ap- pointed minister to Spain in 1861, but soon afterwards resigned ; appointed brigadier gen- eral of volunteers in the Union army ; engaged in newspaper work after the war in St. Louis, Mo. ; delegate in the Chicago convention of 1868 ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1869. to March 3. 1875; Secretary of the Interior of the United States 1877-1881; editor of New York Evening Post 1881-1884; contributed to Harper's Weekly 1892-1898; president of National civil service reform league 1892-1901 ; author ; died in New York City, May 14, 1906. Schuyler, Philip, a Delegate and a Senator from New York ; born in Albany, N. Y., No- vember 20, 1733; attended the common schools of Albany and studied under a private tutor in New Rochelle, N. Y. ; served in the Revolution- ary army ; commissioned captain June 14, 1755 ; served under Gen. Phineas Lyman ; appointed chief commissary in 1756 ; resigned from the British army in 1757, and in 1758 rejoined Gen. Bradstreet as commissary with the rank of major ; sent to England to settle colonial claims in 1758 ; returned in 1763 and engaged in the lumber business in Saratoga. N. Y. ; built the first flax mill in America ; boundary commis- sioner to settle the line between New York and Massachusetts in 1764 ; Delegate in the Conti- nental Congress 1775-1777 ; appointed one of the four major generals in the Continental army in 1775, but became involved in military disputes and resigned in 1779; state senator from the western New York district 1780-1784, 1786- 1790, and 1792-1797; again a Delegate in the Continental Congress 1778-1781 ; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1791; again elected and served from March 4. 1797, to January 3. 1798, when he resigned ; died in Albany, N. Y., November 18, 1804. Schuyler, Philip J., a Representative from New York ; born in Dutchess county, N. Y.. in 1768; received a limited schooling; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3. 1819) ; died in New York City, February 21, 1835. Schwartz, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Berks county, Pa., October 27, 1793 ; attended the public schools ; served in the War of 1812 as a lieutenant ; became a mer- chant and later a farmer ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1859, until his death in Reading, Pa., June 20, 1860. Scofield, Glenni William, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Dewittville, Chau- tauqua county, N. Y., March 11, 1817 ; was graduated from Hamilton college in 1840; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Warren, Pa., in 1842 ; district attor- ney 1846-1848 ; member of the state assembly 1850-1851 ; served in the state senate 1857-1859 ; appointed president judge of the eighteenth ju- dicial district of Pennsylvania in 1861; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1875) ; appointed Register of the Treasury and served 1878-1881 ; associate jus- tice of the United States Court of Claims 1881- 1891 ; died in \Varreu, Pa., August 30, 1891. Scott, Charles Frederick, a Representative from Kansas; born in Allen county, Ivans., Sep- tember 7, 1860 ; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the University of Kansas in 1881 ; went to Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona, and was engaged chiefly in clerical work ; returned to lola, Kans., in 1882 and edited the lola Register ; appointed regent of the uni- versity in 1891 for a term of four years and has been twice reuppoiuted ; elected as a Republican BIOGRAPHIES. 981 to the state senate of Kansas in 1892 and served for four years; Republican presidential elector in 1896; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- seventh, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911) reengaged in newspaper work in lola, Kans. Scott, Charles L., a Representative from Cali- fornia ; born in Richmond, Va., January 23, 1827; was graduated from William and Mary college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Richmond, Va. ; went to California in 1849; resumed the practice of law in 1851 in Sonora, Calif. ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861). Scott, Gustavus, a Delegate from Maryland ; born in Prince William county, Va. ; attended King's college, Aberdeen, Scotland ; returned to America ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Somerset county, Md. ; delegate in the Annapolis convention of July 22, 1774; member of the association of the freemen of Maryland ; member of the first con- stitutional convention of Maryland ; member of the state assembly in 1780 and 1784 ; one of the commissioners to superintend the erection of the Capitol in Washington ; Delegate to the Con- tinental Congress 1784-85; died in Washington, D. C., in 1801. Scott, Harvey D., a Representative from In- diana ; native of Ohio ; attended the public schools ; moved to Terre Haute, Ind. ; held sev- eral local offices; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857). Scott, John, a Delegate and a Representative from Missouri ; born in Hanover county, Va., May 18, 1785 ; moved with parents to Indian Territory in 1802; was graduated from Prince- ton college in 1805; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Ste. Genevieve, Mo., in 1806; elected a Delegate from Missouri Territory to the Fourteenth Congress, and served from December 2, 1816, to January 13, 1817, when his seat was declared vacant ; elected a Delegate to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Con- gresses, and served from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821, Missouri becoming a state ; elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nine- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1827) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Twentieth Congress; died in Ste. Gene- vieve, Mo., October 1, 1861. Scott, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania ; born in Marsh Creek, near Gettysburg, Pa., December 25, 1784 ; tanner and shoemaker ; elected to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831) ; died in Alexandria, Hunt- ingdon county. Pa., September 22, 1850. Scott, John, a Senator from Pennsylvania ; born in Alexandria,' Pa., July 24, 1824 ; attended the common schools and Marshall college, Cham- bersburg, Pa. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1846 and practiced in Huntingdon, Pa. 1846-1869; prosecuting attorney 1846-1849; member of the revenue commission in 1851; member of the state legislature in 1862; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875; moved to Pittsburgh, Pa.; general solici- tor of the Pennsylvania railroad 1877-ls; died in Philadelphia, Pa., November 29, 1896. Scott, John G., a Representative from Mis- souri; born in Philadelphia, Pa., December 26, 1819; completed preparatory studies; moved to Missouri and engaged in mining; unsuccessful as the Democratic candidate to the Thirty- eighth Congress; then elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John W. Noell, and served from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865. Scott, John Morin, a Delegate from New York ; born in New York City in 1730 ; attended the common schools and was graduated from Yale college in 1746 ; one of the founders of the Sous of Liberty; member of the New York gen- eral committee in 1775; member of the provin- cial congress in 1775 ; brigadier general in the Revolutionary war; member of the state senate 1777-1782; secretary of state of New York 1778-1779 ; Delegate in the Continental Congress 3780-1783; died in New York City September 14, 1784. Scott, Nathan Bay, a Senator from West Vir- ginia ; born in Guernsey county, Ohio, December 18, 1842 ; attended the common schools ; engaged in mining in Colorado 1859-1862; enlisted in the Union army in 1862 as a private in the Ohio volunteers, and was mustered out in 1865 ; after the war engaged in the manufacture of glass in Wheeling, W. Va. ; elected to the city council in 1880 and served two years as president ; elected to the state senate in 1882 and 1886 ; member of the Republican national committee in 1888, and a member of the executive committee a greater portion of the time; appointed Commis- sioner of Internal Revenue by President McKin- ley, and entered that office January 1, 1898 ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate on January 25, 1899, reelected in 1905, and served from March 4, 1899, to March 3, 1911 ; engaged in banking business in Wash- ington, D. C. Scott, Owen, a Representative from Illinois ; born in Jackson township, Effingham county, 111., July 6, 1848 ; . attended the common schools ; taugh school ; superintendent of schools for Effingham county, 111., for eight years ; was ad- mitted to the bar by the Illinois supreme court January 10, 1874, and practiced law for ten years ; engaged in newspaper work ; published the Effingham Democrat ; became proprietor and manager of the Bloomington Daily and Weekly Bulletin ; elected city attorney and mayor of Effingham ; deputy collector of internal revenue : elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893) ; moved to Decatur, 111., and became manager of the Decatur Herald. Scott, Thomas, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; native of Pennsylvania ; attended the public schools; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791) ; reelected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795). Scott, William. L., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Washington, D. C.. July 2, 1828 ; attended the common schools ; settled in Erie, Pa., in 1848, and was employed as a clerk in the shipping business ; engaged, in 1850, in the coal and shipping business, and owned several vessels on the great lakes; subsequently became interested in the manufacture of iron and in the mining of coal, as well as the 982 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. construction and operation of railroads; district delegate in the Democratic national convention held in New York in 186S ; delegate from the State of Pennsylvania in the Democratic na- tional convention in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1880; member of the Democratic national committee 1876-1884; elected mayor of Erie in 1866 and 1871 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889) ; died in Erie, Pa., September 19, 1891. Scoville, Jonathan, a Representative from New York ; born in Salisbury, Litchfleld county, Conn. ; attended various educational institutions in Massachusetts, including the scientific de- partment of Harvard university ; engaged in business in Canaan, Conn., in 1854, as an iron manufacturer and mine owner; moved to Buf- falo, N. Y., in I860, and established a car-wheel foundry; the succeeding year established a sec- ond foundry in Toronto, Canada ; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Rav V. Pierce, and served from January 29, 1881, to March 3, 1883; re- elected to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883) ; elected mayor of Buf- falo; died in Buffalo, N. Y., in 1891. Scranton, George Whitfield, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Madison, Conn., May 11, 1811 ; completed preparatory studies ; moved to Belvidere, N. J., and engaged in the manufacture of iron, and in 1840 began smelt- ing ore with anthracite coal in Slocnm, Pa. (now Scrauton) ; president of two railroad companies; elected as a Whig to the Thirty- sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3. 1863) ; died in Scrauton, Pa., March 24, 1861. Scranton, Joseph A., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Madison, Conn., July 26, 1838; moved to Pennsylvania in 1847 ;' pursued an academic course; collector of internal revenue 1862-1866; postmaster of Scranton, Pa., 1874- 1881 ; delegate in the Republican national con- vention in Philadelphia in 1872; founded the Scranton Daily Republican in 1867; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4. 1881-March 3, 1883) ; reelected to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887 ; again reelected to the Fifty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891) and to the Fifty -third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897) ; died in Scrauton, Pa., October 12, 1908. Scroggy, Thomas Edmund, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Harveysburg, Warren county, Ohio, March 18, 1843; attended the pub- lic schools ; engaged in manufacturing ; served in the Civil war; enlisted July, 1861, as a pri- vate in company H, thirty-ninth Ohio infantry, and served in that capacity and as corporal un- til July 4, 1864, when he was shot through the right shoulder and lung in an assault on the Confederate works at Nickajack Creek. Ga. ; honorably discharged and mustered out at Camp Dennison in March, 1865 ; in June, 1865. engaged in retail business in Xenia. Ohio ; studied law ; elected justice of fhe peace in 1869, served one term ; was admitted to the bar September 8, 1871, and began practice in Xenia ; served three terms as clerk and three terms as solicitor of the city of Xenia. Ohio; common pleas judge in 1898, again elected for a term of five years, be- ginning February, 1904; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1905- March 3, 3907) ; retired and a resident of Tulsa, Okla. Scudder, Henry J., a Representative from New York ; born in Northport, N. Y., in 1825 ; was graduated from Trinity college, Hartford, Conii^, in 1846 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New York City ; elected to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; died in New York City, February 12, 1886. Scudder, Isaac W., a Representative from New Jersey; born in Elizabeth, N. J., in 1818; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Jer- sey City, N. J. ; held several local offices; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875). Scudder, John A., a Representative from New Jersey; born in that state in 1767; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied medicine and practiced; held_ several local offices: elected to the Eleventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Cox. and served from December 3, 1810, to March 3, 1811; moved to Indiana ; died November 6, 1836. Scudder, Nathaniel, a Delegate from New Jersey; born in Huntington, Long Island, N. Y., May 10, 1733; was graduated from Princeton college in 1751 ; studied medicine and prac- ticed in Monmouth county, N. J. ; delegate in the provincial congress of New Jersey in 1774 : member of state house of representatives, and served as speaker 1776; lieutenant-colonel of New Jersey militia in 1776. and colonel in 1781 ; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1777-1779 ; killed while resisting an invading party of the British armv in Blacks Point, near Shrewsbury, N. J., October 17, 1781. Scudder, Townsend, a Representative from New York ; born in Northport, Suffolk county, N. Y., July 26, 1865; attended schools in Eng- land ; was graduated from Columbia law school, New York, in 1888, and was admitted to the bar of New York in 1889; served four terms as counsel for Queens county, N. Y. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901) ; reelected to the Fifty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905). Scudder, Treadwell, a Representative from New York; born in Islip, N. Y. ; received a limited schooling; elected to the Fifteenth Con- gress (March 4. 1817-March 3, 1819) ; member of the state house of representatives in 1828. Scudder, Zeno, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Barnstable, Mass., August 18, 1807 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Barnstable, Mass. ; served in both branches of the legislature and elected presi- dent of the state senate in 1848; elected to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1851, until his resignation, March 4, 1854; died in Barnstable, Mass., June 26, 1857. Scull, Edward, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Pittsburgh, Pa.. February 5, 1818 ; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course ; studied law and was ad- BIOGRAPHIES. 983 initted to the bar in 1844 ; moved to Somerset, Pa.; in 1846 and practiced until 1857; elected prothonotary and clerk of the court and served three years ; on March 4, 1863, appointed col- lector of internal revenue by President Lincoln ; removed by President Johnson in September, 1866 ; appointed assessor of internal revenue by President Grant April, 1869; appointed col- lector March 22, 1873, and served until August, 1883, when the district was consolidated with another; published and edited the Somerset Herald 1852-1887; delegate in the Republican national convention in Baltimore in 1864, in Cincinnati in 1876, and in Chicago in 1884; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth, Fifty- first, and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1893) ; died in Somerset, Pa., July 10, 1900. Scurry, Richardson, a Representative from Texas; native of Tennessee; moved to Texas; elected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3. 1853). Seaman, Henry J., a Representative from New York; native of that state; elected as an American to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847). Searing, John A., a Representative from New York; born in North Hampstead, N. Y., May 14. 1805 ; completed preparatory studies ; sheriff of Queens county, N. Y., in 184'8 ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1853; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859) ; died iu Minuiola, Miss., May 6, 1876. Searle, James, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania ; born in New York City about 1730 ; completed preparatory studies; moved to Phila- delphia, Pa., in 1765; engaged in the lottery business 1776-1778 ; member of the Navy Board 1 778 ; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1778-1780 ; commissioner to France and Hol- land, to negotiate a loan for the state of Penn- sylvania 1780-1782 ; located in New York City in 1784 as agent of an importing house; re- turned to Pennsylvania in 1785 ; trustee of the University of Pennsylvania 1779-1781 ; died in Philadelphia, Pa., August 7, 1797. Seaver, Ebenezer, a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Roxbury, Mass., Jan- uary 8, 1763; was graduated from Harvard col- lege in 1784 ; farmer and jurist ; member of the state house of representatives 1794-1802, 1822. 1823, and 1826; elected as a Democrat to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1813) ; un- successful candidate for reelection to the Thir- teenth Congress; member of the state constitu- tional convention of 1820; died in Roxbury. Mass., March 1, 1844. Sebastian, William King, a Senator from Arkansas ; born in Vernon, Tenn., in 1814 ; was graduated from Columbia college, Tenn.; studied law; was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Helena, Ark. ; prosecuting attorney 1835- 1837; circuit judge 1842; judge of the state supreme court 1842-1846; Democratic presiden- tial elector in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Chester Ashley, and served from March 4, 1848, to July 11, 1861, when he was expelled; did not take any part in the Confed- erate movements, and after the Federal troops occupied Helena, Ark., moved to Memphis, Tenn., where he died; the Senate subsequently revoked the resolution of expulsion and paid the full amount of his salary to his children; died iu Memphis, Tenu., May 20, 1865. Seddon, James Alexander, a Representative from Virginia; born in Falrnouth, Va., July 13, 1815; was graduated from the University of Virginia iu 1835; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847) : reelected to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851) ; declined a re- election ; member of the peace convention in 1861; delegate from Virginia to the provisional Confederate congress in Richmond. Va., in July, 1861; secretary of war in the Confederacy, No- vember 20, 1862 ; died in Goochlaud county, Va., August 19, 1880. Sedgwick, Charles Baldwin, a Representative from New York ; born in Pompey, N. Y., March 15, 1815 ; Completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Syracuse, N. Y. ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863) ; died in Syracuse, N. Y., February 3, 1883. Sedgwick, Theodore, a Delegate, a Repre- sentative, and a Senator from Massachusetts; born in West Hartford, Conn., May 9, 1746; pursued classical studies; studied theology, but abandoned it for the law ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Bar- rington. Mass. ; moved to Sheffield, Mass. ; served in the Revolutionary expedition against Canada in 1776 ; member of the colonial and state house of representatives, 1782-1783 ; dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1785-1786; again member of the state house of representa- tives, 1787-1788, and elected speaker ; elected to the First. Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1789, to December 6, 1796, when he resigned to become United States Senator, to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of George Cabot, and served from Decem- ber 21, 1796, until March 3, 1799 ; delegate in the state convention that adopted the Federal Con- stitution in 1788; reelected to the Sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801) and served as Speaker ; judge of the supreme court of Mas- sachusetts: died in Boston, Mass., January 24, 1813. Seeley, John Edward, a Representative from New York ; born in Ovid, N. Y., August 1, 1810 ; wa-s graduated from Yale college; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced; elected county judge and surrogate of Seneca county, N. Y., and served 1851-1855; presidential elector in 1860 and 1864 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873),; died in Ovid, N. Y., March 30, 1880. Seeley, Julius Hawley, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Bethel, Conn., Septem- ber 14, 1824; was graduated from Amherst col- lege in 1849 ; studied theology and was gradu- ated from Auburn theological seminary in 1852 ; ordained in 1853 ; pastor of the first reformed Dutch church, Schenectady. N. Y., 1853-1858; professor of mental and moral philosophy in Amherst college, 1858-1876; elected as an in- dependent to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877); declined a reelection; accepted an invitation to deliver a course of 984 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. lectures in India in 1872; member of the com- mission to revise the tax laws of Massachusetts; died in Amherst, Mass., May 12, 1895. Seerley, John J., a Representative from Iowa ; born in Toulon, 111., March 13, 1852; was gradu- ated from the University of Iowa in 1875 ; principal of the Iowa City high school in 1876 ; was graduated from the law department of the University of Iowa in 1877, and was admitted to the bar; city solicitor of Burlington, Iowa, for six years; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for election to Congress in 1888 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893). Segar, Joseph E., a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in King William county, Va., June 1, 1804 ; attended the common schools ; held sev- eral local offices ; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863) ; presented credentials on February 17, 1865, as United States Senator-elect, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Lemuel J. Bow- den, but was not permitted to take his seat; unsuccessful Republican candidate for election to the Forty-fifth Congress; died in 1885. Selby, Thomas Jefferson, a Representative from Illinois; born in Delaware county, Ohio. December 4, 1840; attended the common schools: studied law, admitted to the bar in 1869, and commenced practice in 1875 ; sheriff of Jersey county, 111., 1864-1866; published the Jersey County Democrat 1866-1870 ; county clerk 1869- 1877; mayor of Jerseyville, 111., two terms; state attorney for Calhoun county 1888-1900; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903) ; state's attorney, and resides in Hardin, 111. Selden, Dudley, a Representative from New York ; member of the state assembly in 1831 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1833, until his resignation July 1, 1834 ; member of the board of trustees of the first national bank of New York City; died in Paris, France, November 7, 1835. Selye, Lewis, a Representative from New York ; born in Chittenango, N. Y., July 11, 1808 ; attended the common schools ; manufactiirer ; moved to Rochester, N. Y. ; held several local offices; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869). Semmes, Benedict I., a Representative from Maryland ; born in Charles county, Md., Novem- ber 1, 1789; was graduated from the Baltimore medical school in 1811; practiced a few years at Piscataway, Md., and subsequently engaged in farming; member of the state house of representatives 1825, 1827, and 1828 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-sec- ond Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833) ; reelected to the state house of representatives in 1842, and 1843. Semple, James, a Senator from Illinois; born in Green county, Ky., January 5, 1798; attended the common schools; served in the Black Hawk war ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Clinton county, Ky. ; moved to Edwardsville, 111., in 1827 ; member of the state house of representatives 1828-1833, and served as speaker four years; at- torney general of Illinois 1833; charge d'affaires to Colombia October 14, 1837, to April 1, 1842; judge of the state supreme court 1842-1 843 ; ap- pointed, and subsequently elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Samuel McRoberts, and served from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847 ; died in Elsah, 111., December 20, 1866. Sener, James B., a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Fredericksburg, Va., May 18, 1837; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; held several local offices; army correspondent of the Southern associated press with Gen. Lee's army ; delegate in the Republican national convention in Philadelphia in 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1875) ; died in Washington, D. C., November 18, 1903. Seney, George Ebbert, a Representative from Ohio; born in Uniontown, Fayette county, Pa., May 29, 1832; moved with his parents to Tiffin, Ohio, in November, 1832; attended Norwalk (Ohio) seminary; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1853, and practiced in Tiffin ; candi- date for presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket in 1856; judge of the court of common pleas in 1857; in July, 1862. enlisted in the one hundred and first Ohio regi- ment, and subsequently commissioned a first lieutenant, and acted as quartermaster of the regiment until near the close of the war; dele- gate in the Democratic national convention in St. Louis in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth, and to the three succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1891) ; unsuc- cessful candidate for election to the United States Senate; died in Tiffin, Ohio, June 11, 1905. Seney, Joshua, a Delegate and Representa- tive from Maryland ; born near Church Hill. Queen Anne county, Md., March 4, 1756; at- tended the common schools, and was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1773 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; member of the house of delegates of Maryland ; judge in Baltimore, Md. ; member of the Conti- nental Congress, 1787-1788; farmer; elected to the First and Second Congresses, and served from March 4, 1789, until his resignation, May 1, 1792; presidential elector in 1792; chief jus- tice of the county court 1792-1796; died near Church Hill, Queen Anne county, Md., October 20, 1798. Senter, William Tandy, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Grainger county, Tenn.. May 12, 1801; attended the common schools; held several local offices; farmer and minister: elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; died in Panther Springs, Tenn., August 28, 1848. Sergeant, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Philadelphia, Pa., December 5, 1779; attended the common schools and the University of Pennsylvania; was graduated from Princeton college in 1795; studied law. was admitted to the bar in 1799, and practiced in Philadelphia for fifty years ; deputy attor- ney general for Philadelphia in 1800; commis- sioner of bankruptcy for Pennsylvania in 1S01 : member of the state legislature 1808-1810: elected as a Federalist to the Fourteenth, Fif- BIOGRAPHIES. 985 teenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1S23) ; president of the Pennsylvania board of canal commissioners 1825; envoy to the Panama congress 1826; re- elected to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829) ; unsuccessful Whig candi- date for election as Vice President of the United States in 1832; president of the convention of 1838 to remodel the constitution of Pennsyl- vania; again elected to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1837, until his resig- nation, September 15, 1841 ; declined the ap- pointment of United States minister to Eng- land in 1841 ; died in Philadelphia, Pa., Novem- ber 25, 1852. Sergeant, Jonathan Dickinson, a Delegate from New Jersey ; born in Newark, N. J., in 1746 ; moved with his parents to Princeton, N. J., in 1758; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1763 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; clerk to the state convention in 1774; secretary of the New Jersey convention in 1775; member of the state con- stitutional convention of 1776 ; elected to the Continental Congress and served 1776, and until his resignation in June. 1777 ; attorney general of Pennsylvania in 1777-1780 ; member of the council of safety, Pennsylvania, 1777; moved to Philadelphia, Pa., in 1780; counsel for the state in the Wyoming laud controversy with Connecti- cut in 17"82; died in Philadelphia, Pa., October 8, 1793. Sessions, Walter Loomis, a Representative from New York; born in Brandon, Vt, Octo- ber 4, 1820 ; attended the common schools ; stud- ied law, was admitted to'the bar, and commenced practice in Jamestown, N. Y. ; taught school several years; commissioner of schools; mem- ber of the state assembly 1853-1854 ; member of the state senate in 1859; elected as a Republi- can to the Forty-second and Forty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875) ; reelect- ed to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1887) ; state commissioner to the World's Columbian exposition in Chicago, 111., in 1893 ; died in Panama, N. Y., May 27, 1896. Sessinghaus, G-ustave, a Representative from Missouri ; born in Koela, Prussia, Novem- ber 8, 1838; emigrated to the United States and settled in St. Louis, Mo. ; member of the school board 1878-1880; successfully contested the elec- tion of Richard G. Frost to the Forty-seventh Congress, and served one day only, March 3, 1883; died in St. Louis, Mo., November 16, 1887. Settle, Evan Evans, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Frankfort, Ky., December 1, 1848 ; was graduated from Louisville high school in June, 1864 ; studied law. was admitted to the bar in 1870, and practiced in Owenton, Owenton county, Ky. ; county attorney in 1878, 1882, 1886, and resigned in 1887; elected to the Kentucky legislature and served 1887-1888 and 1889-1890; delegate in the Democratic national convention in St. Louis in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 3, 1897. un- til his death in Owenton, Ky., November 16, 1899. Settle, Thomas, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Rockingham county, N. C., March 9, 1789 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1812, and began practice in Wentworth, N. C. ; member of the state house of commons 1816; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821) ; declined a reelection; reelected to the house of commons 1826-1827, and served as speaker in the last session ; judge of the supe- rior courts of North Carolina in 1832 ; died in Rockingham county, N. C., August 5, 1857. Settle, Thomas, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Rockingham county, N. C., March 10, 1865; attended the public schools of North Carolina and Florida, and Georgetown college, District of Columbia ; studied law in Greensboro. N. C., and was admitted to the bar in October, 1885; elected as a Republican so- licitor of the ninth judicial district in 1886 and 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1897) ; unsuccessful candidate for re- election to the Fifty-fifth Congress. Severance, Luther, a Representative from Maine; born in Montague, Mass., October 28, 1797 ; moved with his parents to Cazenovia, N. Y., in 1799 ; attended the public schools ; learned the printer's trade in Peterboro, N. Y. ; established the Kennebec Journal in Augusta, Me., in 1825 ; member of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1829; served in the state senate 1835-1836; again member of the state house of representatives 1839-1840; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3. 1847) ; vice-president of the Whig national convention in Philadelphia, Pa., June 7, 1848; United States commissioner to the Sandwich Islands 1850-1854; died in Augusta, Me., January 25, 1855. Sevier, Ambrose Hundley, a Delegate and a Senator from Arkansas; born in Greene county, Tenn., November 10, 1801 ; completed prepara- tory studies; moved to Missouri in 1820 and to Little Rock, Ark., in 1821 ; clerk of the Territo- rial house of representatives ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1823; member of the territorial house of representatives 1823-1827, and served as speaker in 1827 ; elected as a Whig to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty- second, and Twenty-third Congresses, and served from March 4, 1827, until the terri- tory was admitted into the Union as a state, June 15. 1836; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate ; reelected, and served from September 18, 1836, until his resignation March 15, 1848 ; minister plenipotentiary to Mexico to negotiate the treaty of peace between that re- public and the United States, and served from March 15, 1848, until June 4, 1848; died in Jef- ferson county, Ark., December 31, 1848. Sevier, John, a Representative from North Carolina and Tennessee; born in Rockingham county, Va., September 23, 1745; attended the common schools and the academy at Fredericks- burg, Ya. ; moved with his brothers to Watauga county, N. C.. in 1773 and settled on the Holsten river, North Carolina (now Tennessee) ; cap- tain of colonial militia under Washington, in Governor Dunmore's war against the Indians 1773-1774 ; county clerk and district judge in 1777-1780; received the thanks of the North Carolina legislature for meritorious service at the battle of Kings Mountain, October 7. 1780; elected as a Democrat from North Carolina to 986 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791) ; general in the provincial army; on Ihe admission of Tennessee was chosen governor and served 1796-1801, and 1803-1809; elected from Tennessee to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1815) ; commissioner to determine the boundary be- tween Georgia and the Creek territory in Ala- bama until his death near Fort Decatur, Ala., September 24, 1815. Sewall, Charles S., a Representative from Maryland ; born in Elkton, Md. ; attended the common schools; held several local offices; elected to the Twenty-second Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of George E. Mitchell, and served from December 3, 1832, to March 3, 1833; reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James W. Williams, and served from January 7, 1843, to March 3, 1843. Sewall, Samuel, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Boston, Mass., December 11, 1757 ; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Harvard college in 1776; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Marblehead, Mass. ; member of the state leg- islature; elected to the Fifth and Sixth Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1797, until his resignation January 10, 1800 ; associate judge of the supreme court of Massachusetts 1801-1813, and was chief justice 1813-1814; presidential elector in 1801; died in Wiscasset, Me., June 8, 1814. Seward, James Lindsay, a Representative from Georgia; born in Dublin, Laurens county, Ga., in 1813; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Thomasville, Ga. ; member of the state legislature 1836-1842; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859) ; resumed the practice of law in Thornas- ville, Ga., until his death November 21, 1886. Seward, "William Henry, a Senator from New York ; born in Florida, N. Y., May 16, 1801 ; at- tended Farmers Hall academy, Goshen, N. Y., and attended Union college 1816-1819; left col- lege and taught school 1819-1820 ; returned, and was graduated in 1820; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Auburn, N. Y., in 1823 ; member of the state senate 1830-1834 ; unsuccessful as the Whig candidate for governor in 1834 ; elected as a Whig governor of New York 1838-1842 ; elected to the United States Senate in 1849 ; reelected, and served from March 4, 1849, to March 3, 1861 ; secretary of state of the United States in President Lincoln's and President Johnson's cabinets from March 5, 1861, until March 3, 1869 ; made a tour of the world and was re- ceived with the highest honors at all foreign courts; largely instrumental in securing redress from Great Britain for damage wrought Ameri- can shipping on the high seas by the Alabama,, and in concluding with Russia the arrangement, for the purchase of Alaska by the treaty of March 30, 1867 ; died in Auburn, N. Y., October 16, 1872. Sewell, William Joyce, a Senator from New Jersey ; born in Castlebar, Ireland, December 6, 1835 ; came to the United States in 1851 ; en- gaged in mercantile pursuits in Chicago, 111. ; returned to Camden, N. J., in 1860; commis- sioned captain of the fifth New Jersey volun- teers August 28, 1861 ; lieutenant colonel July 7, 1862; colonel January 6, 1863; resigned July 6, 1864 ; reconimissioned colonel of the thirty- eighth New Jersey infantry October 1, 1864 ; brevet brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Chancellorsville, Va." ; major gen- eral of volunteers March 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service during the war " ; hon- orably mustered out June 30, 1865; awarded medal of honor March 25, 1896, " for having assumed command of a brigade at Chancellors- ville, Va., May 3, 1863, where he rallied around his colors a mass of men from other regiments and fought those troops with great brilliancy through several hours of desperate conflict, re- maining in command though wounded and in- spiring them by his presence and the gallantry of his personal example"; after the war be- came connected -with railroads in New Jersey ; elected to the state senate from Camdea county in 1872, 1875, and 1878, and served as president of the senate 1876, 1879, and 1880 ; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1881, until March 3, 1887 ; delegate in the Re- publican national conventions of 1876, 1880, 1884, 1888, and 1892; one of the national com- missioners for New Jersey of the World's Fair in Chicago ; in command of the second brigade of the National guard of New Jersey; reelected to the United States Senate in 1895 and 1901, and served from March 4, 1895, until his death in Camden, N. J., December 27, 1901. Sexton, Leonidas, a Representative from In- diana ; born in Rushville, Ind., May 19. 1827; was graduated from Jefferson college, Pennsyl- vania, in 1847 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Rushville, Ind. ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1856 ; lieutenant governor of Indiana 1873-1877 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879) ; died in Parsons, Kans., July 4, 1880. Seybert, Adam, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Philadelphia, Pa., May 16, 1773 ; attended the common schools ; completed the medical course in the University of Pennsyl- vania in 1793; continued studies in Europe; returned to Philadelphia and engaged in busi- ness as a chemist and mineralogist; elected as a Democrat to the Eleventh. Twelfth, and Thir- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1815) ; reelected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819) ; died in Paris, France, May 2, 1825. Seymour, David Lowrey, a Representative from New York ; born in Wethersfield, Conn., December 2, 1803 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1826; tutor at Yale college 1828- 1830; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1829, and began practice in Troy, N. Y. ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1836 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; reelected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853) ; district attorney and master of chancery; member of the constitu- tional convention of New York in 1867; died in Lanesboro, Mass., October 11, 1867. BIOGRAPHIES. 987 Seymour, Edward Woodruff, a Representa- tive from Connecticut ; born in Litchfield, Conn., August 30, 1832; was graduated from Yale col- lege in 1853; studied Invv, was admitted to the bar in 1856, and practiced; member of the Connecticut house of representatives in 1859, 1860, 1870, and 1871; member of the state sen- ate in 1876; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887) ; resumed the practice of law; in November, 1889, was ap- pointed a judge of the supreme court of Con- necticut; died in Litchfleld, Conn., October 16, 1892. Seymour, Henry William, a Representative from Michigan; born in Brockport, Monroe county, X. Y., July 21, 1834 ; attended the Brock- port collegiate institute and the Canandaigua academy, and was graduated from Williams col- lege, Williamstown, Mass., in 1855 ; studied low in Albany, N. Y., taking lectures at the Albany law school, and was admitted to practice May, 1856; engaged in the manufacture of reapers, and subsequently in the manufacture of lumber and in farming; elected to the state house of representatives in 1880; member of the state senate in 1882 and 1886; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fiftieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Seth C. Moffatt, and served from December 22, 1887, to March 4, 1889; died in Washington, D. C., April 6, 1906. Seymour, Horatio, a Senator from Vermont; born in Litchfield, Conn., May 31, 1778 ; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Yale college in 1797 ; taught school in Cheshire, Conn. ; studied in the Litchfield law school, and was admitted to the bar in 1800, .and commenced practice in Middlebury, Vt. ; postmaster of Mid- dlebury 1800-1809 ; member of the state council 1809-1814; state's attorney for Addison county 1810-1813 and 1815-1819; elected as a Clay Democrat to the United States Senate in 1821; reelected in 1827, and served from March 4, 1821, until March 3, 1833; unsuccessful Whig candidate for governor of Vermont in 1836; judge of the probate court 1847-1856; died in Middlebury, Vt., November 21, 1857. Seymour, Origen Storrs, a Representative from Connecticut ; born in Litchfield, Conn., February 9, 1804; was graduated from Yale college in 1824 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1826, and began practice in Litchfield, Conn. ; member of the state house of representa- tives and its speaker in 1850 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855) ; judge of the superior court of Connecticut 1855- 1863; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for governor in 1864; judge of the state supreme court 1873; chief justice of Connecticut in 1873; again member of the state legislature In 1880; died in Litchfield, Conn., August 12, 1881. Seymour, Thomas Hart, a Representative from Connecticut ; born in Hartford, Conn., September 29, 1807; was graduated from Mid- dletown military academy ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1833, and began practice in Hartford, Conn. ; engaged in newspaper work ; judge of probate; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty -eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845); served in the Mexican war; major Connecticut infantry March 16, 1847, and of the ninth United States infantry April 9, 1847; lieutenant colonel of the twelfth infantry August 12, 1847; brevet colonel September 13, 1847, " for gallant and meritorious conduct in the bat- tle of Chapultepec, Mexico " ; honorably mus- tered out July 25, 1848; unsuccessful candidate for governor of Connecticut in 1849 ; presiden- tial elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; governor of Connecticut 1850-1853; min- ister to Russia 1853-1858; again the unsuccess- ful candidate for governor in 1863; died in Hartford, Conn., September 3, 1868. Seymour, William, a Representative from New York ; native of Connecticut ; moved to Binghamton, N. Y. ; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837). Shackleford, John Williams, a Representa- tive from North Carolina ; born in Richlands. Onslow county, N. C., November 16, 1844; at- tended the common schools and Richlands acad- emy in Richlands, N. C. ; entered the confed- erate army at the age of seventeen and attained the rank of lieutenant ; democratic member of the state house of representatives in 1872, and was reelected in 1874 and 1876 ; member of the state senate in 1878; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1881, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 18, 1883. Shackleford, Dorsey William, a Representative from Missouri ; born in Saline county, Mo., Au- gust 27, 1853 ; attended the public schools ; taught school 1877-1879; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Boonville, Mo., May 9, 1879; served as prosecuting attorney of Cooper county, Mo., 1882-1886 and 1890- 1892; judge of the fourteenth judicial circuit of Missouri from June 1, 1892, until his resig- nation September 9, 1899; elected as a Demo- crat August 29, 1899, to the Fifty-sixth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Richard P. Bland ; reelected to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses, and served from December 4, 1899, to March 3, 1911. Reelected, to the Sixty- second Congress. Shafer, Jacob K., a Delegate from Idaho Ter- ritory; born in Rockingham county, Va., De- cember 26, 1823; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from the law school of L. P. Thompson, in Staunton, Va., in 1846; moved to Stockton, Cal. ; was admitted to the bar, and be- gan practice; elected district attorney of the fifth judicial district ef California in 1850; mayor of Stockton in 1852 ; judge of San Joaquin county court 1853-1862; moved to Washington (now Idaho) territory in 1862; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871). Shafroth, John Franklin, a Representative from Colorado ; born in Fayette, Mo., June 9, 1854; was graduated from' the university of Michigan in 1875 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in August, 1876, and .practiced in Fayette, Mo., until October, 1879; moved to Denver, Colo. ; elected city attorney in 1887 and 1889; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress; reelected as a Silver Republican to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh 988 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Congresses; presented credentials as a Demo- crat member-elect to the Fifty-eighth Congress, and served from March 4, 1895, until February 15, 1901, when he declared the conviction that Robert W. Bonynge, contestant, was duly elected and entitled to the seat held by him ; elected governor of Colorado in 1908, and reelected. Shallenberger, Ashton Cokayne, a Represent- ative from Nebraska ; born in Toulon, Stark county, 111., December 23, 1862; attended the common schools and the University of Illinois; moved to Nebraska in 1881 and located in Polk county ; moved in 1887 to Alma, Harlan county, Nebr. ; engaged in banking and stock raising; elected Democratic member of the Nebraska bi- metallic league; temporary chairman of the Democratic state convention in 1897 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903), as the candidate of the Democratic, Populist, and Silver Republi- can parties ; governor of Nebraska 1908-1911 ; a resident of Alma, Nebr. Shallenberger, William Shadrack, a Repre- sentative from Pennsylvania ; born in Mount Pleasant, Westmoreland county, Pa., November 24, 1839 ; attended the public schools and Mount Pleasant academy, and was grafluated from Lew- isburg university in 1862; engaged in mercantile pursuits; entered the Union army in 1862 in the one hundred and fortieth regiment Pennsyl- vania volunteers, and soon afterwards appointed adjutant of the regiment ; wounded in the battles of Chaucellorsville, Gettysburg, and the Wilder- ness; mustered out of service in October, 1864; engaged in the mercantile business in Rochester, Pa. ; chairman of the Beaver county Republican committee in 1872 and 1874 ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883) ; served as Second Assistant Postmaster General from 1897 to 1907 ; a resident of Wash- ington, D. C. Shanklin, George S., a Representative from Kentucky ; native of Kentucky ; completed pre- paratory studies; held several local offices; presidential elector on the McClellan and Pen- dleton ticket in 1864 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth Congress ( March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867). Shanks, John Peter Cleaver, a Representative from Indiana; born in Martinsburg, Va. (now West Virginia), June 17. 1826; pursued an aca- demic course ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Portland, Ind. ; member of the state legislature in 1854 ; served in the Union army ; colonel and aide de camp to General Fremont September 20 to November 19, 1861 ; colonel and aide de camp March 31, 1862, to October 9, 1863 ; colonel of the seventh In- diana cavalry October 9, 1863 ; brevet brigadier general of volunteers December 8, 1864 ; major general of volunteers March 13, 1865, " for faith- ful and meritorious service during the war " ; mustered out September 19, 1865; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863) ; reelected to the Fortieth, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3. 1875) ; died in Port- land, Ind., January 23, 1901. Shannon, Richard Cutts, a Representative from New York ; born in New London. Conn., February 12, 1839 ; was graduated from Water- ville (Me.) college (now Colby university) ; served as a volunteer in the Union army during the civil war; appointed secretary of the United States legation at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1871, and served until March, 1875, when he re- signed; took charge of the Botanical garden railroad company in 1876, an American enter- prise in Brazil, of which he subsequently became the vice president and general manager, and finally president ; was graduated from the law school of Columbia college in 1885, and was admitted to the New York bar ; appointed envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Nicaraugua, Salvador, and Costa Rica in 1891, and served until April, 1893; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899). Shannon, Thomas, a Representative from Ohio; born in Washington county, Pa., Novem- ber 15, 1787; served in the War of 1812 and attained the rank of captain ; member of the state house of representatives 1819-1822, and 1824-1825; served in the state senate in 1829, and 1837-1841; elected to the Nineteenth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of David Jennings, and served from December 4, 1826, to March 3, 1827 ; died in Barnesville, Ohio, March 16, 1843. Shannon, Thomas B., a Representative from California ; born in Westmoreland county, Pa., in 1827 ; attended, the public schools ; moved to Illinois in 1844, and to California in 1849; mer- chant ; served four years in the state legislature ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865) ; col- lector of customs in San Francisco. Shannon, Wilson, a Representative from Ohio; born in Mount Olivet, Belmont county, Ohio, February 24, 1802; was graduated from Transylvania college, Kentucky ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in St. Clairsville, Ohio; unsuccessful candidate for election to the Twenty-third Congress; attorney for Belmont county 1833-1835 ; state prosecuting attorney in 1835; governor of Ohio 1838-1840, and 1842-1844 ; United States minister to Mexico 1844-1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857) ; governor of Kansas Territory 1855-1856; re- sumed the practice of law in Lawrence, Kans., where he died August 31, 1877. Sharon, William, a Senator from Nevada ; born in Smithfield, Ohio, January 9, 1821; en- tered Athens college in 1842, and remained there two years ; moved to St. Louis, Mo. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice; engaged in mercantile pursuits in Carroll- ton, 111.; moved to California in 1S49 and en- gaged in business in Sacramento ; went to San Francisco in 1850 and was a dealer in real es- tate; moved to Virginia City, Nev., in 1864, as the manager of the branch of the Bank of Cali- fornia, and became interested in mines ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1881; resided in San Francisco, Cal., until his death, November 13, 1885. Sharp, Solomon P., a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Virginia in 1780 ; moved to Kentucky; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1799 began practice; served several terms in the state house BIOGRAPHIES. 989 of representatives; attorney general of Ken- tucky; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813- March 3, 1817) ; again elected to the legislature and was assassinated in November, 1835. Sharp, William Graves, a Representative from Ohio; born in Mount Gilead, Ohio, March 14, 1859 ; moved with his parents to Elyria, Ohio ; was graduated from the public schools and from the law department of the University of Michi- gan, in 1881, and was admitted to the bar and practiced; elected prosecuting attorney of Lo- rain county; engaged in the manufacturing business ; Democratic presidential elector in 1892; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Congress in 1900; delegate in the Democratic national convention in St. Louis in 1904 ; elected as Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Uixty- second Congress. Sharpe, Peter, a Representative from New York ; native of that state ; completed prepara- tory studies ; member of the state house of rep- resentatives 1814-1820, and served as speaker; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1821; presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Seventeenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1821, to December 12, 1821, when he was succeeded by Cadwallader D. Colden, who contested his election ; elected to Eighteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825). Sharpe, William, a Delegate from North Carolina; born in Cecil County, Md., December 13, 1742 ; pursued classical studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Mecklenburg county, N. C., in 1763; surveyor; member of the provincial congress in 1775 ; dele- gate in the convention in Halifax, 1776, and helped to frame the first constitution of the state; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1779-1782; member of the state house of com- mons 1781-1782; died in Iredell county, N. C., July 1, 1818. Shartel, Cassius M., a Representative from Missouri; born in Crawford county, Pa., April" 27, 1860; moved with his parents to Knox county, Mo., and resided there until 1873 ; moved with his parents to Chautauqua county, Kans. ; attended the common schools and spent one year in college ; taught school ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Sedan, Kans., in 1881; moved to Nevada, Mo., in 1887 and practiced law ; removed to Neosho, Mo., and practiced; delegate in the Republican national convention in Philadelphia in 1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907). Shattuc, William B., a Representative from Ohio ; born in North Hector, N. Y., June 11, 1841; moved with his parents to Ohio, in 1852; attended the public schools; commissioned officer in the Union army during the Civil war; an officer in the railway traffic service for thirty years previous to 1895 ; elected to the state sen- ate in 1895; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1903) ; died July 13, 1911. Shaw, Aaron, a Representative from Illinois ; born in Orange county, N. Y., December 19. 1811 ; attended Montgomery academy, New York; studied law in Goshen, N. Y., and was admitted to the bar ; moved to Lawrence county, 111., in 1833; delegate in the first internal im- provement convention of Illinois; elected state attorney by the legislature of Illinois; member of the state legislature; elected circuit judge of the fourth judicial district of Illinois and served six years; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859) ; reelected to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885) ; died in Olney, Richland county, 111,, January 7, 1887. Shaw, Albert Duane, a Representative from New York; born in Lyrue, Jefferson county, N. Y.. December 27, 1841; attended Belleville and Union academies, and Canton university; enlisted as a private in company A, thirty-fifth New York volunteers, in June, 1861, and served out the term of enlistment; appointed a special agent of the War Department in 1863, stationed at provost marshal's headquarters in Water- town, N. Y., and served until the close of the war ; member of the state assembly in 1866 ; ap- pointed colonel of the thirty-sixth regiment, na- tional guard, state of New York, in 1867, and resigned to accept the position of United States consul at Toronto, Canada, in 1868; promoted to Manchester, England, in 1878; elected de- partment commander of the Grand Army of the Republic of New York in 1896; unanimously elected commander in chief of the national en- campment in 1899; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Charles A. Chickering, and served from December 3, 1900, until his death; reelected to the Fifty-seventh Congress, but died before the assembling of the Congress in Wash- ington, D. C., February 8, 1901. Shaw, Frank Thomas, a Representative from Maryland; born in Woodsboro, Frederick county, Md., October 7. 1841; attended the com- mon schools, and was graduated from the medi- cal department of the University of Maryland in 1864 ; located in Uniontown, Carroll county, Md., and practiced until November, 1873 ; elected clerk of the circuit court for Carroll county in 3873 and 1879; declined the nomination for Representative to the Forty-seventh Congress; member of the Democratic state central com- mittee of Maryland; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889) ; member of the state legislature in 1890; state tax commissioner 1890-1894; appointed by President Cleveland collector of customs for the port of Baltimore; retired, and a resident of Westminster, Md. Shaw, George Bullen, a Representative from Wisconsin ; born in Alma, Allegany county, N. Y., March 12, 1854; attended the public schools; lumber manufacturer; mayor of Eau Claire, Wis., in 1888 and 1889; delegate in the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1884 ; supreme chancellor Knights of Pythias of the World from July, 1890, to August. 1892; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1893, until his death in Eau Claire, Wis., August 27, 1894. Shaw, Henry, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Castleton, Vt.. in 1788; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar. and began practice in Lanesboro, Mass., in 1810; elected to the Fif- 990 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. teenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821) ; member of the Massachu- setts house of representatives for eighteen years; presidential elector in 1833 ; moved to New York City in 1848 ; member of the New York house of representatives in 1853 ; moved to Newbury, Vt., in 1854; died in Peekskill, N. Y., October 17, 1857. Shaw, Henry Marchmore, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Newport, R. I., November 20, 1819 ; completed preparatory stud- ies, and was graduated from the medical depart- ment of the University of Pennsylvania, in 1838, and began practice in Indiantown, N. C. ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; reelected to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859) ; served in the Confederate army and was killed near Newbern, N. C., November 1, 1864. Shaw, John G., a Representative from North Carolina ; born near Fayetteville, N. C., Janu- ary 16, 1859 ; attended the common schools ; en- gaged in the naval-store business; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1888 ; member of the general assembly in 1888 ; located in Fayette- ville, N. C. ; elected county attorney for Cumber- land county in 1890, and held the position four years ; Democratic presidential elector in 1892 ; elected :is a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897) ; resumed the practice of law. Shaw, Samuel, a Representative from Ver- mont ; born in Dighton. Mass., December, 1768 ; received a limited schooling; moved to Putney, Vt., and studied medicine, and began practice in Castleton, Vt, in 1799 : imprisoned for a bitter denunciation of President Adams, but liberated by the people ; member of the state house of representatives in 1799 ; elected to the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1813) ; served in the United States army ; hospital surgeon April 6, 1813 ; honorably discharged June 15, 1815; reinstated September 13, 1815 ; post surgeon April 18, 1818 ; resigned December 31, 1818 ; died in Clarendon. Vt., July 9, 1834. Shaw, Tristam, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Exeter, N. H., May 23. 1786; completed preparatory studies; held sev- eral local offices ; elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843) ; died in Exeter, N. H., March 14, 1843. Sheafe, James, a Representative and a Sena- tor from New Hampshire : born in Portsmouth, N. H., November 16. 1755 ; completed prepara- tory studies, and was graduated from Harvard college in 1774 ; merchant ; member of the state house of representatives; elected to the state senate ; elected as a Federalist to the Sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1799-March 3. 1801) ; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1801, until his resignation, June 14, 1802; un- successful candidate for governor in 1816: died in Portsmouth, N. H., December 5, 1829. Sheakley, James, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Sheakleyville, Pa., April 24, 1829; pursued classical studies; went to California in 1849; returned to Pennsylvania in 1854 and engaged in mercantile pursuits; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877) ; appointed United States Commissioner to Alaska by Presi- dent Cleveland in July, 1887, and served five years; delegate in the Democratic national con- vention in Chicago in 1892; governor of Alaska 1893-1897 ; again returned to Pennsylvania in 1898; elected mayor of Greenville, Pa., in 1909. Sheats, Charles Christopher, a Representative from Alabama ; born in Walker county, Ala., April 10, 1839; attended the common schools; elected a member of the secession convention in 1860 and refused to sign the ordinance of se- cession ; member of the lower house of the gen- eral assembly in 1861, and expelled for his ad- herence to Unionism in 1862; imprisoned for treason by the Confederates, could not obtain a trial, and was not released until after the close of the war; member of the constitutional con- vention in 1865 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar ia 1867; presidential elector on the Grant ticket; consul to Denmark in 1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; died in Decatur, Ala., May 27, 1904. Sheffer, Daniel, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in York county, Pa., May 24, 1783 ; studied medicine in Philadelphia and com- menced practice in York Springs, Pa. ; associate judge of Adams county, Pa., for twenty-four years ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Twenty-sixth Congress ; died in York Springs, Pa., February 16, 1880. Sheffey, Daniel, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Frederick, Md., in 1770 : pursued classical studies; located in Abbeville, Va. ; stud- ied law and was admitted to the bar: served in the house of delegates; elected as a Federalist to the Eleventh, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4. 1809-March 3, 1817) ; died in Staunton, Va., December 3, 1830. Sheffield, William Paine, a Representative and a Senator from Rhode Island ; born in New .Shoreham, R. I., August 30, 1820; completed preparatory studies; attended Kingston acad- emy (R. I.), and was graduated from Harvard law school in 1843; was admitted to the bar in 1844, and began practice in New Shoreham; delegate in the state constitutional conventions of 1841 and 1842 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1845; moved to Tiverton, R. I., and again elected to the state house of rep- resentatives 1849-1853 ; moved to Newport, R. I., and again elected to the state house of repre- sentatives 1857-1861 ; elected as a Union candi- date to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863) ; again served in the state house of representatives 1875-1884 ; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Henry B. Anthony, and served from November 19, 1884, to January 20, 1885; died in Newport, R. I., June 2, 1907. Sheffield, William Paine, a Representative from Rhode Island ; born in Newport, R. I., June 1, 1857; attended Phillips academy, Andover, Mass., 1873, and was graduated from Brown university in 1877 ; studied law in the university of Paris and in Harvard law school ; was ad- mitted to the bar in 1880 and engaged in the practice of his profession in Newport. R. I. ; commissioner on abolishing Narragansett tribe BIOGBAPHIES. 991 of Indians in 1880 ; colonel on the staff of Gov. George Peabody Wetniore ; member of the state house of representatives; member of the com- mission to revise the constitution of the state in 1897 ; elected as a Republican to the Sixty- first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911) ; defeated for reelection to the Sixty-second and Sixty-third Congresses ; member of the com- mittee to revise the constitution of the state; member of the Republican national committee in 1913 ; and is a resident of Newport, R. I. Shelden, Carlos Douglas, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Walworth, Walworth county, Wis., June 10, 1840 ; moved with his parents to Houghton county, Mich., in 1847 ; at- tended the Union school, Ypsilanti, Mich., and returned to his home in the fall of 1861 ; served through the Civil war as captain in the twenty- third Michigan infantry ; returned to Iloughton and entered mercantile business with his father; elected to the state house of representatives in 1892 ; member of the state senate in 1894 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897- March 3, 1903) ; died in Houghton, Mich., June 24, 1904. Sheldon, Lionel Allen, a Representative from Louisiana ; born in Worcester, Otsego county, N. Y., August 30, 1829 ; moved with his parents to Ohio ; completed preparatory studies, and was graduated from Oberlin college; studied law, was admitted to the bar and began prac- tice in Elyria, Ohio ; judge of the probate court; delegate in the Republican national convention in 1856 ; commissioned brigadier general of the militia ; served in the Union army ; lieutenant colonel of the forty-second Ohio infantry Novem- ber 27, 1861; colonel March 14, 1862; brevet brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service"; honor- ably mustered out December 2, 1864 ; located in New Orleans, La., and resumed the practice of law ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1875) ; presidential elector on the Hayes and Wheeler ticket in 1877 ; returned to Ohio in 1879 ; delegate in the Re- publican national convention in Chicago in 1880 ; governor of New Mexico 1881-1885 ; moved to Pasadena, Cal. ; delegate in the Republican na- tional convention in St. Louis in 1896 ; a resi- dent of Pasadena, Cal. Sheldon, Porter, a Representative from New York ; born in Victor, N. Y., September 29, 1831 ; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar. and practiced in Randolph, N. Y. ; moved to Rockport, 111., in 1857, and practiced ; member of the Illinois constitutional convention of 1861 ; returned to Jamestown, N. Y., in 1865; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; died in Jamestown, N. Y., August 15, 1908. Shell, George Washington, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Laurens county, S. C., November 13, 1831 ; attended country school ; entered the Confederate army in April, 1861, and remained in the service until the sur- render nt Appomattox ; served as private, lieu- tenant, and captain; resumed farming; served as clerk of court for six years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1'891-March 3, 1895) ; died in Laurens county, near Laurens, S. C., Decem- ber 15, 1899. Shellabarger, Samuel, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Clark county, Ohio, December 10, 1817 ; was graduated from Miami university in 1841 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Springfield, Ohio, in 1846; member of the state house of representatives 1852-1853 ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-eighth Congress; reelected to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869) ; minister to Portugal April 21, 1869, to December 31, 1869; civil service commissioner 1874-1875 ; again elected to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1873) ; resumed the practice of law until his death in Washington, D. C., August 7, 1896. Shelley, Charles Miller, a Representative from Alabama ; born in Sullivan county, Teun., December 28, 1833; moved with his father to Selma, Ala., in 1836; received a limited school- ing; became an architect and builder; entered the Confederate army in February, 1861, as lieu- tenan.t, and was stationed first at Fort Morgan, and afterwards attached to the fifth Alabama regiment ; was commissioned brigadier general, and served under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston and General Hood ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881) ; presented credentials as a member elect to the Forty-seventh Congress, but the election was contested by James Q. Smith, and the seat declared vacant July 20, 1882; subsequently elected to fill vacancy thus caused, and served from November 7, 1882, to March 3, 1883; presented credentials as a Mem- ber elect to the Forty-eighth Congress, and served until January January 9, 1885, when he was succeeded by George H. Craig, who con- tested his election; a resident of Birmingham, Ala. Shepard, William, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Westfield, Mass., De- cember 1, 1737 ; attended the common schools ; volunteered in defense of the frontier settle- ments against the incursions of the French and Indians in 1754 ; two years later was appointed to the office of sergeant; was lieutenant under General Abercrombie, and was promoted to be captain under General Amherst; served six years in the French war, and took part in the battles of Fort William Henry, Ticoncleroga, Crown Point, Isle aux Noix, St. Johns, and Montreal ; returned to Westfield ; one of the committee of correspondence for Westfield in 1774, to carry out the resolves of the provincial congress, and lieutenant colonel of minute men in April, 1775; entered the colonial army in May, 1775, as lieutenant colonel in the regi- ment commanded by Col. Timothy Danielson ; commissioned colonel of the fourth Massachu- setts regiment in 1776; when the British landed at Pells Point he was appointed by Washington to guard the retreat of the troops from Long Island; served with Washington during the re- treat through New Jersey and the subsequent successes at Trenton. Princeton, and Monmouth ; dispatched to the northern army under Gates, and took part in the battles which led to the 992 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. surrender of Burgoyne on October 17, 1777, and in the retreat from Rhode Island in 1778; com- manded, a brigade under General Lafayette in 1780, which he retained until the close of the war in 1783, having participated in twenty-two battles; elected to the lower branch of the general court of Massachusetts in 1785 and 1786; chosen major general of the fourth divi- sion, Massachusetts militia, in 1786; compli- mented by the general court of Massachusetts for his gallantry in the successful defense of the Springfield arsenal; appointed in 1796 to treat with the Penobscot Indians and in 1797 with the Six Nations; presidential elector for the first and second elections under the consti- tution 1788-1792; member of the governor's council of Massachusetts 1792-1796; elected to the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1803) ; died in West- field. Mass., November 11, 1817. Shepard, William Biddle, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Newbern, N. C., May 14, 1799; was graduated from the Univer- sity of North Carolina ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar. and began practice in Eliza- beth City, N. C. ; elected as a Whig to the Twen- tieth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3. 1837) ; declined an- other election ; member of the state senate 1838-1848; died in Elizabeth City, N. C., June 20, 1852. Shepherd, Charles Biddle, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Newbern, N. C., December 5, 1807 ; was graduated from the Uni- versity of North Carolina in 1827; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New- bern, N. C. ; elected to the state legislature, to fill out the unexpired term of Charles Spaight in 1831 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses ( March 4. 1837-March 3, 1841) ; died in Newbern, N. C., October 31, 1843. Shepley, Ether, a Senator from Maine; born in Groton, Mass., November 2, 1789; attended Groton academy, and was graduated from Dart- mouth college in 1811; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar in 1814, and began practice in Saco, Mass., (now Maine) ; member of the state house of representatives in 1819; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1820; United States attorney for the district of Maine 1821-1823; moved to Portland, Me.; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1833, until his resignation March 3. 1836; justice of the supreme court of Maine 1836-1848; chief justice of the supreme court 1848-1855 ; died in Portland, Me., January 15, 1877. Sheplor, Matthias, a Representative from Ohio ; native of Pennsylvania ; moved to Ohio and settled in Bethlehem; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837- March 3, 1839). Sheppard, John Levi, a Representative from Texas; born in Bluffton, Chambers county, Ala., April 13, 1852 ; moved with his mother to Morris county, Tex. ; attended the common schools ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Daingerfield, Tex., in 1879; district attorney of the fifth judicial district 1882-1888 ; district judge of the same district 1888-1896; temporary chairman of the Democratic state convention in 1892; appointed delegate to the bimetallic convention in Chicago in 1893 ; dele- gate in the Democratic national convention in Chicago, in 1896; served as the Texas member of the presidential notification committee, which met in New York City in August, 1896 ; retired from the bench in the winter of 1896-1897; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1899, until his death in Texarkana, Tex., October 11, 1902. Sheppard, Morris, a Representative from Texas; born May 28, 1875, in Wheatville, Mor- ris county, Tex.; attended the common schools of Daingerfield, Pittsburg, Cumby, Austin, and Linden, and was graduated from the University of Texas in 1895, and from Yale university in 1898; elected sovereign banker, or national treasurer of the Woodmen of the World in 1899 ; elected the first president of the Texas fraternal congress in Dallas in 1901 ; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Pittsburg, Tex., in 1898; moved to Texarkana in 1899; literary editor Texas Woodman and Woodman Journal, of San Antonio and Dallas, respectively; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress, November 15, 1902, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John L. Sheppard ; reelected to the Fifty-eighth, and to the three succeeding Con- gresses, and served from December 1, 1902- March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Shepperd, Augustine H., a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Rockford. N. C. ; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar. and began practice in Surry county, N. C. ; member of the house of commons of North Carolina 1822-1826; elected to the Twentieth, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3. 1839) ; unsuccessful candidate for the Twenty-sixth Congress; re- elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843) ; again elected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851). Sherburne, John Samuel, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Portsmouth, N. H., in 1757; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1776 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Portsmouth. N. H. ; served in the Revolutionary army; attained the rank of brigade major of staff; elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793- March 3, 1797) ; United States attorney for the district of New Hampshire 1801-1804; United States judge for the district of New Hampshire from May. 1804, until his death in Portsmouth, N. H., August 2, 1830. Sheredine, Upton, a Representative from Maryland; born in Baltimore county, Md., in 1740; moved to a farm near Liberty, Frederick county, Md. ; member of the state constitutional convention of 1776; judge of the Orphans court of Frederick county ; elected to the Second Con- gress (March 4. 1791-March 3, 1793) ; died in his home, near Liberty, Frederick county, Md., January 14, 1800. Sheridan, George A., a Representative from Louisiana ; born in Millbury, Mass., February 22, 1840 ; completed preparatory studies ; moved to Illinois; entered the Union army as captain; moved to Louisiana in 1866 ; sheriff of Carroll BIOGRAPHIES. 993 parish, La., in 1867 ; elected as a Liberal to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; appointed recorder of deeds for the Dis- trict of Columbia in 1878. Sherley, J. Swagar, a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Louisville, Jefferson county, Ky., November 28, 1871 ; attended the public- schools, and was graduated from the Louisville male high school June, 1889 ; studied law in the University of Virginia and was graduated June, 1891 ; was admitted to practice September, 1891, at the Louisville bar, and practiced in state and federal courts ; elected to the Fifty-eighth, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Sherman, James Schoolcraft, a Representa- tive from New York ; born in Utica, N. Y., Oc- tober 24, 1855 ; pursued an academic and col- legiate course, and was graduated from Hamilton college in 1878 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1880, and practiced ; president of the Utica trust and deposit company, and president of the New Hartford canning company ; mayor of Utica in 1884 ; delegate in the Republican na- tional convention of 1892 ; chairman of New York state Republican convention in 1895, and again in 1900 ; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891) ; reelected to the Fifty- third, and to the seven succeeding Congresses; elected Vice President of the United States in 1908, and served from March 4, 1909, until his death in Utica, N. Y., October 30, 1912. Sherman, John, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Ohio ; born in Lancaster, Ohio, May 10, 1823; attended the common schools and Ho- mer academy, Lancaster, Pa., 1835-1837 ; junior rodman of an engineer corps 1839; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1844, and began prac- tice in Mansfield, Ohio ; delegate in the Whig national convention in Philadelphia June 7, 1848, and served as secretary ; delegate in the Whig national convention in Baltimore June 16, 1852; moved to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1853; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth. Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1861) ; delegate in the Republican national convention in Philadelphia June 7, 1860; president of the first Ohio Republican state convention in 1855; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Salmon P. Chase; reelected in 1S66 and 1872, and served from March 21, 1861, until his resig- nation, March 8, 1877 ; Secretary of the Treasury of the United States during the Hayes adminis- tration ; reelected to the United States Senate in 1880, 1886, and 1892, and served from March 4, 1881, until his resignation, March 4, 1897 ; Sec- retary of State of the United States from March 5, 1897, until his resignation, April 25, 1898 ; re- tired to private life; died in Washington, D. C., October 22, 1900; interment in Mansfield, Ohio. Sherman, Judson W., a Representative from New York ; native of that state ; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859). Sherman, Roger, a Delegate, a Representa- tive, and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Newton, Mass., April 19, 1721 ; moved with his 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 63 parents to Stoughton (now Canton), Mass., in 1723; attended the public schools; learned the shoemaker's trade ; moved to New Milford, Conn., in 1743 ; surveyor of New Haven county 1745 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in February, 1754 ; member of the general as- sembly in 1755 and 1758-1761; justice of the court of common pleas 1759-1761; moved to New Haven, Conn., in June, 1761 ; member of the state house of representatives 1764-1766; elected to the state senate 1766-1785; judge of the superior court 1766-1789; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1774-1781, and 1783-1784; signer of the Declaration of Independence and a member of the committee which drafted it; member of the committee to prepare the arti- cles of confederation; the only Delegate in the Continental Congress who signed all four of the great state papers the declaration of 1774, the articles of confederation, the declara- tion of independence, and the federal constitu- tion; mayor of New Haven 1784, until his death; delegate in the constitutional convention in Philadelphia 1787; elected to the First Con- gress (March 4, 1789-1791) ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William S. Johnson, and served from June 13, 1791, until his death in New Haven, Conn., July 23, 1793. Sherman, Socrates N., a Representative from New York; native of Vermont; moved to Og- densburg, N. Y. ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861- March 3, 1863). Sherrill, Eliakim, a Representative from New York; born in Greenville, Ulster county, N. Y., February 16, 1813; attended the public 'schools; tanner and farmer; held several local offices; major in state militia; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; member of the state senate 1854; organ- ized the one hundred and twenty-sixth New York volunteer regiment and became its colonel ; wounded at Harpers Ferry, W. Va., September 15, 1862, but remained in the service ; com- manded the third brigade, third division, second army corps, after Colonel Willard's death, July 2, 1863, at the battle of Gettysburg until he was mortally wounded on July 3, 1863, and died July 4, 1863. Sherrod, William. Crawford, a Representa- tive from Alabama ; born in Courtland, Ala.. August 17, 1831 ; attended the common schools and was graduated from Chapel Hill college, N. C. ; planter ; member of the state house of representatives 1859-1860 ; delegate to the Demo- cratic national convention in Charleston, S. C. ; served in the Confederate army ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; member of the state sen- ate in 1875; retired and resides in Wichita Falls, Tex. Sherwin, John Crocker, a Representative from Illinois; born in St. Lawrence county, N. Y., February 8, 1838 ; attended the common schools ; Gouverneur Wesleyan seminary in New York and Lombard university in Illinois ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; county clerk of Kane county, 111. ; city attorney of Aurora, 111. ; enlisted in the Union army during the civil war in the eighty-ninth Illinois volunteer infantry and served until its close; elected as a Repub- 994 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. lican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883) ; died in Benton Harbor, Mich., January 1, 1904. Sherwood, Henry, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Bridgeport, Conn., Octo- ber 9, 1817 ; moved with his parents to Schuyler county, N. Y., in 1817; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1847, and practiced in Wellsboro, Pa. ; held sev- eral local offices ; served in the Texas army un- der Sam Houston in 1836 and 1837; moved to Georgia county, Pa., in 1840 ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) ; died in Wellsboro, Tioga county, Pa., November 10, 1896. Sherwood, Isaac B,., a Representative from Ohio; born in Stanford, Dutchess county, N. Y., August 13, 1835; attended the common schools, the Hudson river institute, Claverick, N. Y. ; Antioch college, Ohio, and the Ohio law col- lege, Poland, Ohio ; editor of the Williams County Gazette, Bryan, Ohio, in 1857; elected probate judge of Williams county in October, 1860 ; en- listed April 22, 1861, as a private in the four- teenth Ohio volunteer infantry; commissioned first lieutenant and adjutant of the one hundred and eleventh Ohio infantry September 6, 1862; major February 13, 1863 ; lieu'tenant colonel February 12, 1864; brevet brigadier general of volunteers February 27, 1865; honorably mustered out June 27, 1865; located in To- ledo, Ohio, and was editor of the Toledo Com- mercial ; political editorial writer on the Cleve- land Leader; secretary of state of Ohio in 1868 and 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; editor of the Toledo Journal in 1875; elected probate judge of Lucas county in 1878 and 1881 ; reelected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Sherwood, Samuel, a Representative from New York ; born in Washington county, N. Y., April 24, 1779; completed preparatory studies; moved to Delhi, N. Y., in 1798 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1800, and practiced in Delhi, N. Y. ; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815) ; moved to New York City in 1830, and died there October 31, 1862. Sherwood, Samuel B., a Representatives from Connecticut ; born in that state in 1767 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1786; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Saugatuck, Conn. ; member of the state house of representatives; elected to the Fif- teenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819) ; died in Saugatuck, Conn., April 27, 1833. Shiel, George K., a Representative from Ore- gon ; native of Ireland ; emigrated to the United States and located in Oregon ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863). Shields, Benjamin G., a Representative from Alabama ; resided in Demopolis, Ala. ; completed preparatory studies; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843) ; charge d'affaires in Venezuela 1845- 1850. Shields, Ebenezer J., a Representative from Tennessee ; native of Georgia ; moved to Ten- nessee and located in Pulaski ; was gradu- ated from the university of Nashville in 1827 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Pulaski, Tenn., for several years ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839) ; died in Memphis, Tenn., May 20, 1846. Shields, James, a Senator from Illinois, Min- nesota, and Missouri ; born in Dungannon, county Tyrone, Ireland, May 6, 1806; emigrated to the United States ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Kaskaskia, 111. ; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1836; auditor of state 1839; supreme court judge in 1843; Commissioner General Land Office 1845-1847; served in the Mexican war; brigadier general of volunteers July 1, 1864 ; brevet major general April 18, 1847, " for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of Cerro Gordo, Mexico " ; honorably discharged July 24, 1848; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate from Illinois, and served from March 4, 1849, to March 3, 1855 ; moved to Minnesota in 1855 ; reelected to the United States Senate from Minnesota, and served from May 12, 1858, to March 3, 1859 ; moved to California ; served in the Union army as brigadier general of volunteers from August 19, 1861, until his resignation March 28, 1863; returned to Cali- fornia ; moved to Carrollton, Mo., and practiced law; appointed adjutant general of the state in 1877 ; United States Senator from Missouri from January 24, 1879, to March 3, 1879; died in Ottumwa, Iowa, June 1, 1879. Shields, James, a Representative from Ohio ; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty- first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831); died July 17, 1831. Shinn, William N., a Representative from New Jersey; native of that state; farmer; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty- third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837). Shipherd, Zebulon B., a Representative from New York ; native of Washington county, N. Y. ; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815). Shippen, "William, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania ; born in Philadelphia, Pa., October 1, 1712 ; was graduated from Princeton College in 1754 ; studied medicine in Europe, and com- menced practice in Philadelphia, Pa. ; founded the medical school of Philadelphia ; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1778-1780 ; died in Ger- mantown, Pa., November 4, 1801. Shiras, George, III, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Allegheny, Pa., January 1, 1859; attended Phillips academy, Andover, Mass., and was graduated from Cornell Uni- versity in 1881, and from the Yale law school in 1883; was admitted to the Connecticut and Pennsylvania bars in 1883, and commenced prac- tice in Pittsburgh, Pa. ; member of the Pennsyl- vania legislature 1889-1890 ; unsuccessful candi- date for the Republican nomination for Congress in 1890; elected as an independent to the Fifty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905). Shively, Benjamin Franklin, a Representa- tive and a Senator from Indiana : born in St. Joseph county, Ind.. March 20, 1857 ; attended the common schools, the Northern Indiana nor- BIOGRAPHIES. 995 mal school, and the University of Michigan ; ad- mitted to the bar ; taught school 1874-1880 ; en- gaged in journalism 1880-1884 ; secretary of the National antimonopoly organization in 1883 ; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Na- tional Antimonopolist, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William H. Calkins ; reelected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-second Congresses, and served from Decem- ber 1, 1884, to March 3, 1893 ; resumed the prac- tice of law in South Bend, Ind. ; defeated as the Democratic candidate for governor of Indiana in 1896 ; elected to the United States Senate in 1909, for the term ending March 3, 1915. Shober, Francis E., a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Salem, N. C., March 12, 1831 ; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1851; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in 1854; served in both branches of the North Carolina legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873) ; chief clerk of the United States Senate in the Forty-fifth Congress, and after the death of Secretary Burch was made Acting Secretary of the Senate during the Forty- sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses; died in Salisbury, N. C., May 29, 1896. Shober, Francis Emanuel, a Representative from New York; born in Salisbury, N. C., Octo- ber 24, 1860 ; attended the common schools ; was graduated from St Stephen's college, Annan- dale, N. Y., in 1880; engaged in ministerial and educational work in Dutchess county, N. Y. ; reporter on the News-Press, of Poughkeepsie ; editor of the Rockaway Journal, at Far Rock- away, N. Y. ; member of the editorial staff of the New York World; member of the state sen- ate 1887-1891; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905) ; resumed newspaper work in New York City. Shoemaker, Lazarus Denison, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania ; born in Forty Fort, Luzerne County, Pa., November 5, 1819; at- tended Nazareth hall, Nazareth, Pa., and Ken- yon college, Gambler, Ohio, and was graduated from Yale college in 1840; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1842, and began practice in Wilkes-Barre, Pa. ; member of the state sen- ate 1866-1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty -third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875) ; died in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., September 9, 1893. Shonk, George Washing-ton, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania ; born in Plymouth, Pa., April 26, 1850; attended Wyoming seminary, Kingston, Pa., and was graduated from Wes- leyan University, Middletown, Conn., in 1873; was admitted to the bar of Luzerne county. Pa., September 29, 1876, and commenced practice in Wilkes-Barre; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893) ; interested in coal mining in Pennsyl- vania; died in Washington, D. C., August 14, 1900. Shorter, Eli Sims, a Representative from Alabama ; born in Monticello, Ga., March 15, 1823 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1843 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Eufaula, Ala. ; became a planter ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859) ; died in Eufaula, Ala., April 29, 1879. Shoup, George Laird, a Senator from Idaho; born in Kittanning, Armstrong county, Pa., June 15, 1836; attended the public schools of Free- port and Slate Lick; moved with his father to Illinois in June, 1852; engaged in farming and stock raising near Galesburg, 111., until 1858; moved to Colorado in 1859 ; engaged in mining and mercantile pursuits until 1861; in Septem- ber, 1861, enlisted in Captain Backus's independ- ent company of scouts, and soon thereafter com- missioned second lieutenant; ordered to Fort Union, N. Mex., in 1862; kept on scouting duty on the Canadian, Pecos, and Red rivers until 1863 ; during this time promoted to first lieuten- ant; ordered to the Arkansas River; had been assigned in 1862 to the second Colorado regiment of volunteer infantry, but retained on duty in the cavalry service; assigned to the first Colo- rado regiment of cavalry in May, 1863; member of the convention to prepare a constitution for the proposed state of Colorado in 1864 ; returned to active duty in the army ; commissioned colonel of the third Colorado cavalry in Septem- ber, 1864, and mustered out in Denver; engaged in mercantile pursuits in Virginia City, Mont, in 1866, and also in Salmon 'City, Idaho; mem- ber of the territorial legislature ; delegate in the Republican national convention in 1880; mem- ber of the Republican national committee 1880- 1884, 1888-1892 ; United States commissioner for Idaho at the World's cotton centennial exposi- tion in New Orleans, La., 18841885 ; appointed governor of Idaho Territory 1889; elected gov- ernor of Idaho October 1, 1890; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, Decem- ber 18, 1890 ; reelected in 1895, and served from December 29, 1890, to March 3, 1901; died in Boise City, Idaho, December 21, 1904. Showalter, Joseph Baltzell, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born near Smithfield, Pa., February 11, 1851 ; attended the public schools and Georges Creek academy ; taught school for six years; studied medicine in Long Island col- lege hospital, Brooklyn, and was graduated from the college of physicians and surgeons of Baltimore, Md. ; practiced medicine for a num- ber of years in Chicora, Pa. ; engaged in the pro- duction of petroleum and natural gas ; elected to the state house of representatives in 1886; elected to the state senate in 1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901) ; a resident of Pittsburgh, Pa. Shower, Jacob, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Baltimore county, Md., February 22, 1803; was graduated from the University of Maryland in 1825; Democratic member of the state legislature; clerk of the circuit court of Carrol county 1842-1850; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1851 ; elected as an Independent to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; died in Manchester, Md., May 25, 1879. Shuford, Alonzo Craig, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Catawba county, N. C., March 1, 1858; attended the common schools and Newton college; engaged in agri- cultural pursuits ; joined the Alliance in 1889 ; made county lecturer, and later district lec- turer; elected delegate to the labor conference 996 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. in St. Louis in February, 1892; also delegate in the Populist convention in Omaha July 4, same year; elected vice president of the state Alliance in 1894.; elected as a Populist to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899). Shull, Joseph Horace, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Lynchburg, Va., August 17, 1848 ; took a special course in La- fayette college, Easton, Pa.; was graduated from the University of New York, New York City ; was graduated in medicine in 1874, from the Bellevue hospital medical college, New York. ; taught in the public schools of Pennsylvania for four years; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1879, and practiced ; associate editor of the Monroe Democrat from 1881 to 1886; mem- ber of the state senate, 1886-1891 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty -eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905 ; president of the Delaware Valley railroad company; resumed the practice of law in Stroudsburg, Pa. Shultz, Emanuel, a Representative from Ohio; born in Stouchsburg, Berks county. Pa., July 25, 1819; moved to Miamisburg, Montgom- ery county, Ohio, in 1838 ; engaged in mercan- tile business and in manufacturing; member of the state constitutional convention of 1873 ; elected a member of the state legislature in 1875 and served two years; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883). Sibley, Henry Hastings, a Delegate from the Territories of Wisconsin and Minnesota; born in Detroit, Mich., February 20, 1811; re- ceived a limited schooling ; studied law ; elected a Delegate from the Territory of Wisconsin to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; elected a Delegate from the Territory of Minnesota to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853) ; member of the territorial legislature of Min- nesota 1855 ; member of the constitutional con- vention of Minnesota ia 1857 ; governor of Min- nesota in 1858 ; served in the Union army ; brigadier general of volunteers September 29, 1862, to March 4, 1863; again brigadier general of volunteers March 20, 1863 ; brevet major gen- eral of volunteers November 29, 1865, " for effi- cient and meritorious service " ; honorably mus- tered out April 30, 1866 ; died in St. Paul, Minn., February 18, 1891. Sibley, Jonas, a Representative from Massa- chusetts ; born in Sutton, Mass., March 7, 1762 ; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives for seventeen successive years; mem- ber of the state senate 1819 ; presidential elector in 1820; delegate in the constitutional conven- tion of 1820; elected as a Democrat to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825); unsuccessful candidate for reelection; died in Sutton, Mass., February 5, 1834. Sibley, Joseph Crocker, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Friendship, N. Y., February 18, 1850; attended the county schools; taught school and studied medicine ; engaged in the oil refining business in Franklin, Pa. ; manu- facturer and farmer ; mayor of Franklin, Pa. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895) ; reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899- March 3, 1901) ; again elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1907) ; permanent chairman of the Republican state convention of 1902 ; engaged in farming and stock raising in Franklin, Pa. Sibley, Mark Hopkins, a Representative from New York ; born in Great Harrington, Mass., in 3796; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Canandaigua, N. Y., in 1814 ; state repre- sentative 1834-1835; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839); state senator in 1841; county judge in 1847.; died in Canandaigua, N. Y., September 8, 1852. Sibley, Solomon, a Representative from Michi- gan Territory ; born in Sutton, Mass., October 7, 1769; completed preparatory studies; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1785 ; moved to Marietta, Ohio, and commenced practice; moved to Detroit. Mich., in 1797 ; delegate to the territorial legislature in 1799 ; mayor of Detroit, Mich. ; elected to the Sixteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William W. Woodbridge; reelected to the Seventeenth Congress, and served from November 20, 1820, to March 3, 1823; judge of the state supreme court 1824-1836; died in Detroit, Mich., April 4, 1846. Sickles, Daniel Edgar, a Representative from New York; born in New York City October 20, 1825 ; printer ; attended the New York univer- sity ; member of the state assembly in 1847 ; major Twelfth National guards 1852 ; corpora- tion attorney 1853; secretary of legation, Lon- don 1853-1855 ; member of the state senate 1856-1857 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861) ; served in the Civil war; colonel of the seventieth New York infantry June 20, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers September 3, 1861 ; major general of volunteers November 29, 1862; honorably mustered out January 1. 1868; colonel of the forty-second United States infantry July 28, 1866, and unas- signed March 15, 1869; retired with rank of ma- jor general April 14, 1869 ; brevet brigadier gen- eral March 2, 1867, " for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Fredericksburg, Va." ; major general March 2, 1867, " for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Gettysburg, Pa." ; awarded medal of honor October 30, 1897, " for most distinguished gallantry in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863, both before and after the loss of a leg while serving as major general of volunteers commanding the third army corps " ; entrusted with a special mission to South American Republics 1865 ; declined the position of minister to Holland and Mexico; minister to Spain 1869-1875; chairman of New York state civil service commission 1888-1889; sheriff of New York city 1890; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895) ; retired and a resident of New York city. Sickles, Nicholas, a Representative from New York ; native of Kinderhook, N. Y. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837) ; died in King- ston, N. Y., May 13, 1845. BIOGRAPHIES. 997 Sill, Thomas Hale, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Windsor, Conn., October 11, 1783; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Erie, Pa., in 1812 ; member of the consti- tutional convention of Pennsylvania ; elected as a Whig to the Nineteenth Congress, to fill va- cancy caused by the death of Patrick Farrelly, and served from April 3, 1826, to March 3, 1827 ; reelected to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831) ; presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848 ; died in Erie, Pa., February 7, 1856. Silsbee, Nathaniel, a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts; born in Salem, Essex county, Mass., January 14, 1773 ; completed preparatory studies ; merchant ; held several local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821) ; member of the state house of represent- atives in 1821 ; member of the state senate 1823- 1825, and served as speaker ; presidential elector in 1824, and 1836 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Lloyd, and served from 1826 to 1835 ; died in Salem, Mass., July 15, 1850. Silvester, Peter, a Representative from New York ; born in Kinderhook, N. Y. ; received a liberal education ; elected to the First and Sec- ond Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1793). Silvester, Peter, a Representative from New York ; born on Long Island, N .Y., in 1734 ; com- pleted preparatory studies ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Albany, N. Y. ; member of the Albany common council in 1772; member of the committee of safety in 1774; served in the first and second provincial congresses of 1775 and 1776 ; moved to Kinder- hook, N. Y., and practiced law ; appointed judge of the court of common pleas of Columbia county in 1786; member of the state senate 1796-1800; served in the state assembly in 1788, 1803, 1804, 1805, and 1806; elected to the First and Second Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1793) ; re- gent of the university of the State of New York ; died in Kinderhook, N. Y., October 15, 1808. Silvester, Peter Henry, a Representative from New York ; born in Kinderhook, N. Y., February 17, 1807 ; was graduated from Union college, Schenectady, N. Y., in 1827 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1830, and practiced in Coxsackie, N. Y. ; held several local offices ; elected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851) ; died in Coxsackie, N. Y., November 29, 1882. Simkins, Eldred, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Edgefield district, S. C., Au- gust 30, 1779 ; pursued classical studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1805, and began practice in Edgefield Court House in 1806; served several terms in the state legislature; lieutenant governor of the state 1812-1814; elected to the Fifteenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1817, until November 3, 1817, when he resigned ; reelected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821); de- clined a reelection ; member of the general as- sembly in 1824; died in Edgefield district, S. C., November 17, 1831. Simmons, Furnif old McLendel, a Representa- tive and a Senator from North Carolina ; born in Jones county, N. C., January 20, 1854 ; was grad- uated from Trinity college, North Carolina, in 1873; studied law and was admitted to the bar in November, 1875; moved to Newbern, N. C., in 1876, and practiced ; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889) ; appointed collector of internal revenue in 1893, and served during the second adminis- tration of President Cleveland ; in the campaigns of 1892, 1898, and 1900 chairman of the Demo- cratic executive committee of the state; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and took his seat March 4, 1901; reelected in 1907 for the term ending March 3, 1913. Simmons, George Abel, a Representative from New York; born in Lynne, N. H., September 8, 1791 : was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1816; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Keeseville, N. Y. ; mem- ber of the state constitutional convention of 1846 ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857) ; died in Keeseville, N. Y., October 28, 1857. Simmons, James Fowler, a Senator from Rhode Island; born in Little Compton, R. I., September 10, 1795; pursued classical studies; farmer and manufacturer; member of the state house of representatives 1828-1841; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1841, to March 3, 1847; returned to Johnson, R. I. ; reelected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1857, to August 15, 1862, when he resigned; died in Johnson, R. I., July 10, 1864. Simmons, James S., a Representative from New York ; born in Frederick county, Md., No- vember 25, 1861 ; attended Liberty academy and Frederick college; engaged in the real estate business in Niagara Falls, N. Y. ; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Simms, William E., a Representative from Kentucky; native of that state; received a lim- ited schooling in Paris, Ky. ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861). Simon, Joseph, a Senator from Oregon ; born in Bechtheim, Germany, February 7, 1851 ; came to the United States with his parents and settled in Portland, Oreg., in 1857 ;- attended the public schools; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1872; member of the city council 1877- 1880; secretary of the Republican state central committee in 1878; chairman of the Republican state central committee of Oregon 1880, 1884, and 1886; delegate in the Republican national convention in Minneapolis in 1892; member of the state senate in 1880, 1888, and 1894-1898, and served as president in 1889, 1891, 1895, and 1897, and at the special session of 1898 ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate Oc- tober 6, 1898, to fill vacancy in the term com- mencing March 4, 1897, and served until March 3, 1903 ; mayor of Portland, Oreg., 1909-1911. Simonds, William Edgar, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Collinsville, town of Canton, Hartford county, Conn., November 24, 1842; attended the ColJinsville high school, and was graduated from the Connecticut state nor- 998 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. mal school in New Britain, and from the Yale law school; was admitted to the bar and com- menced practice in Hartford, Conn; member of the state house of representatives in 1883 and 1885, and served as speaker in 1885 ; enlisted as a private in company A, twenty-fifth Connecticut regiment of infantry, August 18, 1862 ; promoted to be sergeant major before muster into the United States service; promoted to second lieu- tenant of company I of his regiment at the battle of Irish Bend, La., April 24, 1863; discharged from service by reason of expiration of term August 26, 1863 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 8, 1891) ; France decorated him a chevalier of the legion of honor in 1893 ; commissioner of patents 1891-1893 ; resumed the practice of law in Hart- ford, Conn., until his death March 14, 1903. Simons, Samuel, a Representative from Con- necticut : born in Bridgeport, Conn., in 1777 ; pursued an academic course; held several local offices; taught school; studied, medicine and practiced in Bridgeport, Conn. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3. 1845) ; died in Bridgeport, Conn., January 13, 1847. Simonton, Charles Bryson, a Representa- tive from Tennessee; born in Tipton county, Tenn., September 8, 1838; was graduated from Erskine college, South Carolina, in August. 1859; enlisted as a private in the Confederate army in April, 1861 ; subsequently elected sec- ond lieutenant, and afterwards captain ; se- verely wounded in the battle of Perryville, Oc- tober 8, 1862, and disabled from any further active duty during the war; elected clerk of the circuit court of Tipton county in March. 1870; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in May, 1873 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1877 and 1878 ; president of Covington city school board ; editor of the Tipton Record in Covington, Tipton county, Tenn. ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879- March 3, 188) ; chairman of the Democratic state convention of 1886 ; Democratic presidential elector in 1892; United States district attorney of Tennessee 1895-1898; died in Covington, Tenn., June 10, 1911. Simonton, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; native of Hummelstowu, Pa. ; re- ceived' a limited schooling; elected to the Twenty- sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843 ; died in South Hanover, Pa., May 18, 1846. Simpkins, John, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts ; born in New Bedford, Mass., June 27, 1862; attended the public schools of Yar- mouth, St. Mark's school, Southboro, Mass., and was graduated from Harvard university in 1885 ; served in the Massachusetts senate in 1890 and 1891 ; presidential elector for Harrison and Reid in 1892; president of the Republican club of Massachusetts in 1892 and 1893; member of the Massachusetts Republican state committee in 1892, 1893, and 1894; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Con- gresses and served from March 4, 1895, until his death in Yarmouth, Mass., March 27, 1898. Simpson, Jerry, a Representative from Kan- sas; born in the province of New Brunswick March 31, 1842; moved with his parents to Oneida county, N. Y. ; began life as a sailor and followed the seas for twenty-three years; served in the Civil war in company A, twelfth Illinois infantry ; moved to Kansas in 1878 and settled near Medicine Lodge, Barber county, and engaged in farming and stock raising; unsuc- cessful candidate for the Kansas legislature on the Independent ticket from Barber county ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Fifty-fourth Congress ; reelected to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-1899) ; un- successful candidate for reelection to the Fifty- sixth Congress; died in Wichita, Kans., in 1902. Simpson, Richard Franklin, a Representa- tive from South Carolina ; born in Laurens, S. C., March 24, 1798; was graduated from the University of South Carolina in 1816; studied law, was admitted to the bar. and began practice in Pendleton, S. C. ; held several local offices ; member of the state senate; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1849) ; engaged in farming; died in Pendleton, S. C., October 28, 1882. Sims, Alexander Dromgoole, a Representa- tive from South Carolina ; born in Brunswick county, Va., June 11, 1803 ; was graduated from Union college, Schenectady, N. Y. ; took charge of the Darlington (S. C.) academy in 1826; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Darlington, S. C., member of the state house of representatives 1840-1 S44; elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1845, until his death in Kingstree, S. C., November 16, 1848. Sims, Leonard H., a Representative from Missouri ; native of North Carolina ; received a limited schooling ; moved to Springfield, Mo. ; held several local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1847). Sims, Thetus Willrette, a Representative from Tennessee ; born in Wayne county, Tenn., April 25, 1852; attended Savannah College, Sa- vannah, Tenn.. and was graduated from the law department of the Cumberland university, in Lebanon, Tenn., June, 1876; was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Linden, Tenn. ; county superintendent of public instruction for Perry county, Tenn., 1882-1884; presidential elector on the Cleveland and Stevenson ticket in 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fifth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Singiser, Theodore Frelinghuysen, a Repre- sentative from Idaho Territory ; born in Church- town, Cumberland county, Pa., March 15, 1845; attended the common schools ; learned the art of printing; served in the Union army during the Civil war as a private in company E, sixth regi- ment Pennsylvania reserves; participated in the campaigns and battles of the army of the Poto- mac up to and including Antietam ; honorably discharged in February, 1863; reentered the army in June, 1863, as captain of company A, twentieth regiment Pennsylvania cavalry, and in active service with his command until the spring of 1865, when honorably discharged; en- BIOGEAPHIES. 999 gaged in mercantile and editorial pursuits; as- sistant assessor of internal revenue 1866-1867 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; em- ployed in the United States treasury from June, 1875, to 1879 ; appointed receiver of public moneys in Oxford, Idaho, in February, 1879 ; engaged in mining in Idaho and Utah ; secretary of the Territory of Idaho in 1880; acting gov- ernor of Idaho during the winter of 1881-1882; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885) ; engaged in mining; died in Chicago, 111., January 23, 1907. Singleton, James Washington, a Representa- tive from Illinois ; born near Winchester, Fred- erick county, Va., November 23, 1811 ; attended the Winchester academy; moved to Illinois in 1833 ; studied and practiced medicine ; studied law and was admitted to the bar ; engaged in farming; served six terms in the legislature; member of the state constitutional conventions of 1847 and 1861 ; elected brigadier-general of Illinois militia in 1844 ; president of and con- structed the Quincy and Toledo railroad; also president of and constructed the Quincy, Alton and St. Louis railroad ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883) ; died in Balti- more, Md., April 4, 1892. Singleton, Otho Robards, a Representative from Mississippi : born in Jessamine county, Ky., October 14, 1814 ; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from St. Joseph's college, Bardstown, Ky., and from the Lexington law school ; was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Canton, Miss., in 1838; member of the Mississippi house of representatives two years; served in the Mississippi senate six years; presidential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; elected to the Thirty- third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; re- elected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1857, until his retirement, January 12, 1861 ; a representative from Mississippi in the Confederate congress 1861-1865; reelected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, and to the five succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1887) ; died in Washington, D. C., January 11, 1889. Singleton, Thomas D., a Representative from South Carolina ; native of that state ; attended the common schools; held several local offices; elected as a Nullifier to the Twenty-third Con- gress, and died before the assembling of the Congress, November 25, 1833. Sinnickson, Clement Hall, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Salem county, N. J., September 16, 1834 ; was graduated from Union college, New York, in 1855 ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Salem, N. J., in 1858 : captain in the Union army; elected as a Republican to the Forty- fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; resumed the practice of law in Salem, N. J. Sinnickson, Thomas, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Salem county, N. J., in 1745; completed preparatory studies; merchant; captain in the Revolutionary army ; held sev- eral local offices; member of the state house of representatives; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791); reelected to the Fifth Congress (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1799 ; died in Salem, N. J., May 15, 1817. Sinnickson, Thomas, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Salem, N. J., December 13, 1786; merchant; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; membec of the state house of representatives ; judge of the court of common pleas for twenty years; elected to the Twentieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Hedge Thompson, and served from December 1, 1828, to March 3, 1829 ; died in Salem, N. J. Sipe, William Allen, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born near Harrisonville, Fulton county, Pa., July 1, 1844; attended the public schools and the Cassville academy, Cassville, Huntingdon county, Pa.; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in August, 1865. and practiced in Huntingdon, Pa. ; moved to Indianapolis, Ind., in January, 1867, and practiced ; moved to Pitts- burgh, Pa., December, 1868, and practiced; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alexander K. Craig; reelected to the Fifty- third Congress, and served from December 5, 1892, to March 3, 1895 ; resumed the practice of law in Pittsburgh, Pa. Sisson, Thomas Upton, a Representative from Mississippi; born in Attala county, Miss.; moved with his father to Choctaw county, Miss. ; attended the common schools of the county, the French Camp academy, Mississippi, and was graduated from the southwestern Presbyterian university in Clarkesville, Tenn., in 1889 ; princi- pal of the Carthage high school 1880-1890, and of the graded schools of Kosciusko, Attala county, Miss., in 1890-1892; was graduated from the law department of Cumberland university, Leb- anon, Tenn., and was admitted to the bar in Memphis, Tenn., in 1894, and practiced in Winona, Miss. ; member of the state senate ; Democratic elector in 1900; elected district at- torney of the fifth judicial district in 1903; un- successful candidate for governor of Mississippi in 1907 ; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Sitgreaves, Charles, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Easton, Pa., April 22, 1803 ; moved with his parents to New Jersey in 1806 ; pursued classical studies; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in Easton, August 17, 1824, and began practice in Philipsburg, N. J. ; mem- ber of the state assembly 1831-1833; major com- mandant in the state militia 1828-1838; member of the legislative council 1834-1835; served in the state senate 1851-1854 ; president of the Bel- videre and Delaware railroad company ; mayor of Pittsburgh, Pa. ; president of a national bank in Pittsburgh ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869) ; engaged in banking and railroading; died in Philipsburg, Pa., March 17, 1878. Sitgreaves, John, a Delegate from North Carolina ; born in Newbern, N. C-> about 1740 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in his native town ; served in the Revo- lutionary army, and attained the rank of major general ; member of the Continental Congress, 1784-1785; member of the house of commons, 1786-1789; United States district attorney for 1000 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. North Carolina from 1789 until his death, in Halifax, N. C., March 4, 1802. Sitgreaves, Samuel, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 16, 1764 ; pursued classical studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Philadelphia, Pa., September 3, 1783, and began practice in Easton, Pa., in 1786 ; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1790; elected as a Federalist to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1795, until his resignation in 1798 ; United States commissioner to Great Brit- ain under the Jay treaty ; president of the Easton bank, 1815-1827; died in Easton, Pa., April 4, 1827. Skelton, Charles, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Buckingham township, Bucks county, Pa., April 19, 1806; moved to Trenton, N. J. ; held several local offices ; en- gaged in the shoe business; studied medicine and practiced ; superintendent of public schools of Trenton, N. J. ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855) ; died in Trenton, N. J., May 20, 1879. Skiles, William Woodburn, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Stoughstown, Cumberland county, Pa., December 11, 1849 ; moved with his parents to Richland county, Ohio, in 1854 ; at- tended the district schools, and was graduated from Baldwin university, Berea, Ohio, in 1876; studied law, was admitted to the bar July 24, 1878, and commenced practice in Shelby, Ohio ; manufacturer ; member of the Republican state central committee; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1901, until his death in Shelby, Ohio, January 9, 1904. Skinner, Charles Rufus, a Representative from New York; born in Union Square, Oswego county, N. Y., August 4, 1844; attended the common schools, Clinton liberal institute, and was graduated from the Mexico academy, New York, in 1866; member of the board of educa- tion of Watertown, N. Y., in 1875, 1878, and 1881; member of the state assembly 1877-1881; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Warner Miller ; reelected to the Forty- eighth Congress and served from December 5, 1881, to March 3, 1885 ; editor of the Watertown Daily Republican until January 1, 1896 ; city editor of the Watertown Daily Times ; deputy state superintendent of public instruction 1886- 1892 ; supervisor of teachers' training classes and teachers' institutes in the state department of public instruction 1892-1895; superintendent of public instruction 1895-1898; elected presi- dent of the National educational association in 1896 ; assistant appraiser of merchandise for the port of New York, 1909-1911. Skinner, Harry, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Perquimans county, N. C., May 25, 1855; attended the Hertford academy and the Kentucky university ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1876, and prac- ticed in Greenville, N. C. ; town councilman rn 1878; elected to the state assembly in 1890; chairman of the Democratic executive com- mittee of Pitt county ; chairman of the Demo- cratic executive committee of the first congres- sional district, and member of the state central committee; chairman of the Populist executive of Pitt county and on the state central com- mittee ; trustee of the state university ; elected as a Populist to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899) ; United States district attorney for the eastern district of North Carolina in 1902 and 1906; resumed the practice of law in Greenville, N. C. Skinner, Richard, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Litchfield, Conn., May 30, 1778; completed preparatory studies, and was gradu- ated from the Litchfield law school, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Manchester, Yt, in 1800; state attorney for Bennington county in 1801; judge of probate 1806-1812; elected to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815) ; associate justice of the state supreme court in 1815, and declined the office of chief justice in 1816; member of the state house of representatives and speaker in 1818; governor of Vermont 1820-1823: chief justice of the supreme court of Vermont 1824-1829; died in Manchester, Vt, May 23, 1833. Skinner, Thomas Gregory, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Perquimans county, N. C., January 21, 1842; attended the University of North Carolina ; studied law and was admitted to the bar of the supreme court of North Carolina January, 1868 ; enlisted for the Civil war and attained the rank of lieutenant ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Con- gress November 20, 1883, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Walter R. Pool ; reelected to the Forty-ninth Congress, and served from December 19, 1883, to March 3, 1887 ; again elected to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891) ; resumed the practice of law in Hertford, N. C., and died there December 22, 1907. Skinner, Thomson Joseph, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Colchester, Conn., in 1752 ; completed preparatory studies ; member of the Massachusetts house of representatives, and served in the state senate; presidential elector in 1792 ; delegate in the state convention of 1788; state treasurer 1806-1807; elected as a Democrat to the Fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Theodore Sedgwick ; reelected to the Fifth Congress and served from January 27, 1797, to March 3, 1799 ; again elected to the Eighth Congress and served from March 4, 1803, until August 10, 1804, when he resigned ; died in Boston, Mass., January 29, 1809. Slade, Charles, a Representative from Illi- nois; attended the public schools; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third Congress, and served from Decem- ber 2, 1833, until his death in Knox county, Ind., July 26, 1834. Slade, William, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Cornwall, Vt., May 9, 1786; was graduated from Middlebury college in 1807; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1810, and began practice in Middlebury in 1810; en- gaged in editorial work ; presidential elector on the Madison ticket in 1812; established the Columbian Patriot, which he edited 1814-1816; secretary of state of Vermont 1815-1823; judge of the Addison county court; clerk in the state department, Washington, D. C., 1823-1829; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-second, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1831- BIOGKAPHIES. 1001 March 3, 1843) ; reporter of decisions of the state supreme court 1843-1844 ; governor of Ver- mont 1845-1846: died in Middlebury, Vt, Janu- ary 18, 1859. Slater, James Harvey, a Representative and a Senator from Oregon ; born in Sangamon county, 111., December 28, 1826; attended the common schools; went to California in 1849; settled in Oregon in 1850 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1854 ; clerk of the district court of the Territory of Oregon for Benton county 1853- 1856 ; member of the territorial assembly 1857- 1858; member of the legislative assembly of Oregon; district attorney for the fifth judicial district in 1886 ; presidential elector on the Sey- mour ticket in 1868 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) ; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1879, until March 3, 1885 ; resumed the practice of law ; appointed one of the railroad commissioners of Oregon in 1889, and served two years; died in La Grande, Oreg., January 28, 1899. Slayden, James Luther, a Representative from Texas; born in Graves county, Ky., June 1, 1853; attended the country schools and Wash- ington and Lee university, Virginia ; cotton mer- chant; member of the state house of represent- atives in 1892 ; declined a renomination ; en- gaged in farming and mining; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Rcelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Slaymaker, Amos, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in London Lands, Pa., March 11, 1755; received a limited schooling; served in the Revolutionary army ; farmer ; elected to the Thirteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Whitehill, and served from December 12, 1814, to March 3, 1815 ; died in Salisbury, Pa., June 12, 1837. Siemens, William. Ferguson, a Representative from Arkansas ; born in Weakley county, Tenn., March 15, 1830; attended Bethel college; moved to Arkansas in 1852 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1855, and practiced; member of the Arkansas state convention of 1861; entered the Confederate army in July, 1861, and served through the Civil war; resumed the practice of law ; elected district attorney in 1866, and legis- lated out of office in 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1881) ; re- sumed the practice of law in Monticello, Ark., and a justice of the peace. Slemp, Campbell, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Lee county, Va., December 2, 1839; engaged in farming and real estate busi- ness ; attended Emory and Henry college, Vir- ginia ; served in the Confederate army as cap- tain and lieutenant colonel in the twenty-first Virginia battalion, and colonel of the sixty- fourth regiment, composed of infantry and cav- alry ; elected to the house of delegates in 1879 and 1881 ; defeated in 1883 ; unsuccessful candi- date for lieutenant governor in 1889; presiden- tial elector on the Harrison ticket in 1888, and on the McKinley ticket, in 1896 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1903, until his death in Big Stone Gap, Va., October 13, 1907. Slemp, Campbell Bascom, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Lee county, Va., Sep- tember 4, 1870 ; page in the house of representa- tives of Virginia 1881-1882 ; was graduated from the Virginia military institute; commandant of cadets in the Marion military institute for one year ; adjunct professor of mathematics, Virginia military institute; resigned in 1901, to enter professional and business life; chairman of the Republican state committee in 1905 ; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress, December 17, 1907, to fill vacancy caused by the death of his father, Campbell Slemp; reelected to the Sixty-first Congress, and served from January 6, 1908, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Slidell, John, a Representative and Senator from Louisiana ; born in New York City in 1793 ; was graduated from Columbia college in 1810; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New Orleans; unsuccessful candi- date for the Twenty-first Congress; United States district attorney 1829-1833; elected as a state rights Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1843, until his resignation, November 10, 1845; appointed minister to Mexico, but that Government refused to accept him ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Pierre Soule; re- elected, and served from December 5, 1853, un- til his retirement, January 28, 1861; arrested in Habana on the English mail steamer Trent while on his way to England and brought to the United States and confined in Fort Warren ; released, and sailed for England January 1, 1862; died in Cawes, Isle of Wight, England, July 29, 1871. Slingerland, John I., a Representative from New York ; born in Jerusalem, Albany county, N. Y., March 1, 1804; attended the public schools ; farmer ; member of the state house of representatives in 1843; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; died in Slingerlands, N. Y., October 26, 1861. Sloan, Andrew Scott, a Representative from Wisconsin ; born in Morrisville, N. Y., June 12, 1820; attended the public schools, and the Mor- risville academy ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1842, and began practice in Morris- ville, N. Y. ; clerk of Madison county court in 1847 ; moved in 1854 to Wisconsin and located in Beaver Dam ; member of the state house of representatives in 1858; appointed judge of the circuit court for the third district in 1858 ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863) ; judge of Dodge county court in 1868 ; attorney general of Wisconsin in 1873 ; judge of the circuit court for the thirteenth district in 1881 ; died in 1895. Sloan, Andrew, a Representative from Geor- gia ; born in McDonough, Ga., June 10, 1845 ; pursued classical studies ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in 1866; moved to Savannah, Ga. ; deputy collector of customs ; resumed the practice of law ; success- fully contested the election of Morgan Rawls to the Forty-third Congress, and served from March 24, 1874, to March 3, 1875; died in Silver City, N. Mex., September 22, 1883. 1002 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Sloan, Ithamar Conkey, a Representative from Wisconsin ; born in Morrisville, Madison county, N. Y., May 9, 1822 ; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Janesville, Wis., in 1854 ; district attorney of Rock county, Wis., 1858- 1862; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867) ; special counsel for the state of Massachusetts, 1874-1879, in the Granger law cases; died in Janesville, Rock county, Wis., December 24, 1898. Sloan, James, a Representative from New Jersey ; native of that state ; held several local offices; elected to the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1809) ; died in Gloucester county, N. J., Novem- ber, 1811. Sloane, John, a Representative from Ohio; born in York, Pa., in 1779 ; moved to Ohio ; com- pleted preparatory studies ; member of the state house of representatives 1804-1806; United States receiver of public moneys in Canton, Ohio, 1808-1816, and in Wooster, 1816-1819; colonel of militia in the War of 1812 ; elected to the Sixteenth, and to the four succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1829) ; clerk of the court of common pleas for seven years ; sec- retary of state of Ohio three years; United States Treasurer 1850-1853; died in Wooster, Ohio, May 15, 1856. Sloane, Jonathan, a Representative from Ohio ; native of Massachusetts ; was graduated from Williams college in 1812 ; moved to Ohio ; member of state house of representatives; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837). Slocum, Henry Warner, a Representative from New York ; born in Delphi, N. Y., Septem- ber 24, 1827 ; was graduated from West Point and became second lieutenant, first artillery, July 1, 1852 ; served in the Seminole war and promoted to first lieutenant March 3, 1855 ; re- signed his commission October 31, 1856 ; settled in Syracuse, N. Y. ; studied law while in the army, was admitted to the bar> and practiced in Syracuse, N. Y. ; elected to the state legislature in 1859 ; entered the Union army as colonel of the twenty-seventh New York volunteers in May, 1861 ; wounded at the first battle of Bull Run ; promoted to brigadier general of volunteers August 9, 1861 ; major general of volunteers July 4, 1862 ; resigned his commission September 28, 1865; returned to Brooklyn, N. Y., and prac- ticed law ; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for secretary of state of New York ; presidential elector in 1868; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873) ; elected a Representa- tive at large from New York to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885) ; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., April 14, 1894. Slocumb, Jesse, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Spring Bank, Dobbs (now Wayne) county, N. C., in 1774; completed pre- paratory studies ; engaged in farming ; held sev- eral local offices; member of the court of pleas and quarter sessions; register of deeds 1802- 1808; elected as a Federalist to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth' Congresses, and served from March 4, 1817, until his death in Washington, D. C., December 20, 1820. Sloss, Joseph H., a Representative from Ala- bama ; born in Somerville, Ala., October 12, 1826 ; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Ed- wardsville, 111., in 1849; member of the legisla- ture 1858-1859; returned to Alabama; served in the Confederate army ; mayor of Tuscumbia, Ala. ; elected as a conservative Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875) ; unsuccessful candidate for the Forty-fourth Congress. Small, John Humphrey, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Washington, N. C., August 29, 1858; attended the common schools, and Washington and Trinity college, N. C. ; taught school 1876-1880; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in January, 1881; superin- tendent of public instruction of Beaufort county, N. C., in 1881 ; solicitor of the inferior court of Beaufort county 1882-1885 ; editor of the Wash- ington Gazette 1883-1886 ; attorney of the board of commissioners of Beaufort county 1888-1896; member of the city council from May, 1887, to May, 1890 ; mayor of Washington, N. C. ; Demo- cratic presidential elector in 1896; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth, and to the five suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Small, William Bradbury, a Representative from New Hampshire ; born in Limington, Me., May 17, 1817 ; moved with his parents to Ossipee, N. H. ; attended the public schools and Philips Exeter academy, Exeter, N. H. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1846, and began prac- tice in Newmarket, N. H. ; solicitor of Rocking- ham county, N. H. ; member of the state house of representatives, and of the state senate in 1870 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; died in Newmarket, N. H., April 7, 1878. Smalls, Robert, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Beaufort, S. C., April 5, 1839 ; moved to Charleston, S. C., in 1851 ; appointed pilot in the United States Navy, and served in that capacity on the monitor Kcokuk in the attack on Fort Sumter; served as pilot in the Quartermaster's Department; promoted as cap- tain for gallant and meritorious conduct Decem- ber 1, 1863, and placed in command of the Planter, and served until she was put out of com- mission in 1866 ; member of the state constitu- tional convention of 1868 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1868 ; elected to the state senate, to fill a vacancy in 1870, and re- elected in 1872 ; an active member and officer in the state militia ; delegate in the Republican national conventions in Philadelphia in 1872, and in Cincinnati in 1876 ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; defeated for the Forty-sixth Congress; successfully con- tested the election of George D. Tillman to the Forty-seventh Congress, and served from July 19, 1882, to March 4, 1883; reelected to the Forty-eighth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Edmund W. M. Mackey ; re- elected to the Forty-ninth Congress, and served from March 31, 1884, to March 3, 1887) ; ap- pointed collector of the port of Beaufort, S. C. BIOGRAPHIES. 1003 Smart, Ephraim Knight, a Representative from Maine; born in Prospect, Mass, (now Sears- port, Me.), September 3, 1813; completed pre- paratory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Camden, Me. ; postmaster of Camden in 1838; member of the state senate 1841 and 1842; moved in 1843 to Missouri ; returned to Camden in 1845 ; again served one term as postmaster of Camden ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; reelected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853) ; collector of customs at Belfast 1853- 1858 ; again a member of the state house of rep- resentatives 1858, and of the senate 1862 ; moved to Biddeford, Me., in 1869, and established the Maine Democrat; died in Camden, Me., Septem- ber 29, 1872. Smart, James Stevenson, a Representative from New York; born in Baltimore, Md., June 14, 1842 ; moved with his parents to Coila, Wash- ington county, N. Y., in 1849 ; attended Cam- bridge academy, Union college, and was gradu- ated from Jefferson college, Pennsylvania, in 1863 ; served in the Union army 1861-1865, and attained the rank of captain ; engaged in news- paper work ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; collector of internal revenue for the northern district of New York; member of the Republican state central committee for many years; died in Cambridge, N. Y., September 17, 1903. Smelt, Dennis, a Representative from Georgia ; native of that State; received a limited school- ing; participated in the Revolutionary war; elected to the Ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph Bryan ; re- elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, and served from December 26, 1806, to March 3, 1811. Smilie, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania ; born in Ireland in 1741 ; emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1760 ; attended the common schools ; soldier in the Revolutionary war ; member of the state house of representatives ; moved to Fayette, Pa., in 1780; member of the constitutional convention of 1790; served in the state senate; presidential elector in 1796; elected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795); presidential elector in 1797; elected to the Sixth, and to the six succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1799, until his death in Washington, D. C., December 29, 1812. Smith, Abraham Herr, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Manor township, Lan- caster county, March 7, 1815; was graduated from Dickinson college in 1840; studied law in Lancaster, was admitted to the bar in 1842, and practiced ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1843-1844 ; served in the state senate in 1845; elected as a Republican to the Forty- third, and the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1885) ; died in Lancaster, Pa., February 16, 1894. Smith, Albert, a Representative from Maine; born in Hanover, Mass., January 3, 1793 ; was graduated from Brown university in 1813; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Portland, Me., in 1817 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1820; United States marshal for the district of Maine 1830-1838 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; died in Boston, Mass., May 29, 1867. Smith, Albert, a Representative from New York ; born in Cooperstown, N. Y., June 22, 1805 ; completed preparatory studies; moved to Ba- tavia, N. Y. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; held several local offices ; member of the state assembly in 1840; elected as a Republican to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847) ; moved to Milwaukee, Wis., in 1850, and practiced law ; justice of the peace 1851- 1859 ; judge of the county court 1859-1870 ; died in Milwaukee, Wis., August 27, 1870. Smith, Arthur, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Isle of Wight county, Va., No- vember 15, 1785; was graduated from William and Mary college; studied law, but did not practice ; served in the war of 1812 ; member of the state house of representatives; elected to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1825) ; died in Smith- field, Va., March 30, 1853. Smith, Ballard, a Representative from Vir- ginia to the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Six- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1821). Smith, Bernard, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Norristown, N. J., in 1776 ; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices ; postmaster of New Brunswick ; elected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821) ; appointed register of the land office at Little Rock; died in Little Rock, Ark., July 16, 1835. Smith, Caleb Blood, a Representative from Indiana ; born in Boston, Mass., April 16. 1808 ; moved with his parents to Ohio in 1814 ; was graduated from the Miami university ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Connersville, Ind. ; founded and edited the Indiana Sentinel in 1832 ; member of the state house of representatives 1833-1836, and served as speaker in 1836; elected to the Twenty- eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1849) ; presidential elector in 1840 ; moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, and practiced law ; presidential elector on the Fre- mont ticket in 1856 ; president of the Republican national convention of 1860; Secretary of the Interior under President Lincoln March 5, 1861, to January 1, 1863; resigned to become judge for the district of Indiana ; died in Indianapolis, Ind., January 7, 1864. Smith, Charles Brooks, a Delegate from West Virginia ; born in Wood county, Va. ( now West Virginia), February 24, 1844; attended the com- mon schools ; enlisted in the Union army, and mustered out in 1865; twice elected mayor of the city of Parkersburg, W. Va. ; elected sheriff and treasurer of the county of Wood 1880-1884 ; delegate at large in the Republican national con- vention in Chicago in 1888; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891) ; died in Parkersburg, W. Va., December 7, 1899. Smith, Daniel, a Senator from Tennessee; born in Stafford county, Va., October 28, 1748; attended William and Mary College ; surveyor ; 1004 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. moved to Augusta county, Va. ; deputy surveyor of Augusta county, in 1773; justice of peace 1776; major of the Washington militia; high sheriff of the county in 1780; commissioned colonel in the second battalion and fought in several battles of the Revolution; moved to Sumner county, Tenn., at the close of the war; appointed by President Washington secretary of the territory south of the Ohio River January 7, 1790; presidential elector; member of the constitutional convention of 1796 ; made the first map of Tennessee; general of militia; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Andrew Jackson, and served from October 6, 1798, to March 3, 1799; elected to the United States Senate, and served from December 2, 1805, to March 31; 1809, when he resigned; died in Rock Castle, Sumner county, Tenn., June 6, 1818. Smith, David Highbaugh, a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Hart county, near Ham- monville, Ky., December 19, 1854; attended the public schools and the colleges at Horse Cave, Leitchfield, and Hartford, in Kentucky; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; county attorney for Larue county 1878-1881; superintendent of common schools for Larue county 1878 ; elected to the state house of repre- sentatives in 1881; member of the state senate 1885-1893, and served as president pro tempore 1891-1893; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fifth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1907). Smith, Delazon, a Senator from Oregon ; born in Berlin, N. Y., in 1816; was graduated from Oberlin college, Ohio, in 1837; studied law and was admitted to the bar ; edited the True Jeffer- sonian in Rochester, N. Y., and the Western Empire in Dayton, Ohio ; special United States commissioner to Quito, Ecuador, 1842-1845; moved to the Territory of Iowa in 1846 and en- tered the ministry; moved to the Territory of Oregon in 1852, where he edited the Oregon Democrat; member of the territorial house of representatives 1854-1856; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1857 ; elected to the United States Senate, and served from February 14, 1859, to March 3, 1859; died in Portland, Oreg., November 19, 1860. Smith, Dietrich. Conrad, a Represenative from Illinois; born in Ostfriesland, Hanover, April 4, 1840; emigrated to the United States and resided in Pekin, 111., after 1849; entered the Union army in 1861 ; lieutenant of company I, eighth Illinois volunteer infantry; left the service as captain of company C, one hundred and thirty-ninth Illinois volunteer infantry; member of the general assembly of Illinois ; for many years a banker and manufacturer, and also engaged in the construction and manage- ment of railroads in Illinois; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883) ; reengaged in banking; retired, and a resident of Pekin, 111. Smith, Ellison DuRant, a Senator from South Carolina; born in Lynchburg, Sumter (now Lee) county, S. C., August 1, 1866; attended the pri- vate and public schools of Lynchburg, Stewart's school, Charleston, S. C., the University of South Carolina, and was graduated from Wofford col- lege, Spartanburg, in 1889; member of the State legislature 1896-1900; merchant and planter; field agent and general organizer in the cotton protective movement for three years, his terri- tory covering the entire South ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate March 4, 1909 for the term expiring March 3, 1915. Smith, Edward Henry, a Representative from New York; born in Smithtown, Long Island, in 1809 ; attended the public schools ; farmer ; held several local offices; elected as a Fusion candi- date to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863). Smith, Francis Orman Jefferson, a Repre- sentative from Maine ; born in Brentwood, N. H., November 23, 1806 ; received a limited schooling ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Portland, Me., member of the state house of representatives in 1831 ; served in the state senate in 1833, and its president ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third, Twenty- fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1839) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Twenty-sixth Congress; as- sisted Professor Morse in perfecting and intro- ducing the electric telegraph ; died in Deering, Me., October 14, 1876. Smith, George, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; elected to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1813). Smith, George Joseph, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Kingston, Ulster county, N. Y., November 7, 1859; attended the public schools in Kingston ; engaged in the banking and manufacturing business in 1879 ; chairman of the Republican county committee of Ulster county ; delegate in the Republican national con- vention in Philadelphia in 1900; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905) ; engaged in the real estate business in New York City. Smith, George L., a Representative from Louisiana ; born in Hillsboro county, N. H., De- cember 11, 1840; completed preparatory studies; served in the Union army; located in Louisiana and engaged in mercantile pursuits ; held several local offices; engaged in newspaper work ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Samuel Peters, and served from December 3, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Smith, George Washington, a Representative from Illinois; born in Putnam county, Ohio, Au- gust 18, 1846; moved with his father to Wayne county, 111., in 1850; learned the trade of black- smithing ; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the literary department of Mc- Kendree college in Lebanon, 111., in 1868 ; studied law in Fairfield, 111. ; was graduated from the law department of the university at Bloomington, Ind., in 1870, and was admitted to the bar; Repub- lican presidential elector in 1880 on the Garfield and Arthur ticket ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first, and to the nine succeeding Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1889, until his death in Putnam, Wayne county, Ohio, No- vember 30, 1907. Smith, Gerrit, a Representative from New York ; born in Utica, N. Y., March 6, 1797 ; was graduated from Hamilton college in 1818; stud- ied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1853; elected as an Ultra-Abolitionist to the Thirty- third Congress, and served from March 4, 1853, BIOGRAPHIES. 1005 until his resignation in 1854 ; died in New York City, December 28, 1874. Smith, Green Clay, a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Richmond, Ky., July 2, 1832 ; was graduated from Transylvania university in 1849; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1852 ; school commissioner 1853-1857 ; served in the Mexican war ; commis- sioned second lieutenant of the first Kentucky infantry June 9, 1846 ; honorably mustered out June 8, 1847; served in the Union army; colonel of the fourth Kentucky cavalry March 15, 1862 ; brigadier general of volunteers June 11, 1862 ; brevet major general of volunteers March 13, 1865, " for meritorious service during the war " ; resigned December 1, 1863 ; elected as a Union candidate to the Thirty-eighth and. Thirty- ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1863, until his resignation in 1866; governor of Montana 1866-1869 ; ordained to the ministry of the Baptist church in 1869, and settled in Frankfort, Ky. ; became an evangelist, and in 1876 was the candidate of the national Prohibi- tion party for President of the United States; pastor of the Metropolitan Baptist church in Washington, D. C., from 1890 until his death, June 29, 1895. Smith, Henry, a Representative from Wis- consin ; born in Baltimore, Md., July 22, 1838 ; moved with his parents to Massillon, Stark county, Ohio ; moved to Milwaukee in 1844 ; attended the public schools; millwright; mem- ber of the common council of Milwaukee 1868- 1872; member of the state legislature in 1878; again a member of the common council 1880- 1882 ; city comptroller 1882-1884, and from that date a member of the common council until February 14, 1887 ; elected as the People's Party candidate to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889) ; alderman of Milwaukee, Wis., for fourteen years. Smith, Henry Cassorte, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Canandaigua, N. Y., June 2, 1856; moved with his father to a farm near Palmyra, Lenawee county, Mich., in 1857 ; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Adrian college in 1878 ; taught school ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar Sep- tember 25, 1880, and began practice in Adrian, Mich. ; city attorney of Adrian ; alternate dele- gate in the Republican national convention in St. Louis in 1896 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903) ; resumed the practice of law until his death in Adrian. Mich., December 7, 1911. Smith, Hezekiah B., a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Bridgewater, Vt., July 24, 1816 ; attended the common schools, and learned the trade of a cabinetmaker ; for many years en- gaged in perfecting and manufacturing wood- working machinery ; elected as a Democrat and Greenbacker to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881) ; died in Smith ville, N. J., November 3, 1887. Smith, Hiram Yipsilanti, a Representative and a Senator from Ohio ; born in Piqua, Ohio, March 22, 1843 ; pursued an academic course, and was graduated from the Albany law school in 1866; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Des Moines, Iowa, in 1866; district attorney of the fifth judicial district of Iowa 1875-1879; member of the state senate 1882- 1884 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty- eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John A. Kasson, and served from December 2, 1884, to March 3, 1885; died in Des Moines, Iowa, November 4, 1894. Smith, Horace Boardman, a Representative from New York; born in Whitingham, Vt., August 18, 1826; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Williams college, Massachu- setts, in 1847; studied law, was admitted to the bar ,and began practice in New York; held sev- eral local offices; justice superior court of New York; elected as a Republican to the Forty- second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875) ; after retirement from Congress resumed the practice of law in Elmira, N. Y., until 1883 ; justice of the supreme court of New York state 1883-1888; died in .Elmira, N. Y., December 28, 1888. Smith, Isaac, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania ; native of that state ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813- March 3, 1815). Smith, Isaac, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Trenton, N. J., in 1736; was graduated from Princeton college in 1755; tutor in Princeton 1755-1758; studied medicine and practiced; colonel in the state militia; (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1797) ; associate jus- tice of the supreme court of New Jersey 1777- 1804 ; presidential elector in 1800 ; first president of the Trenton banking company; died in Trenton, N. J., August 29, 1807. Smith, Israel, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Suflield, Conn., April 14, 1759; was graduated from Yale college in 1781; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Rupert, Vt. ; member of the state house of representatives 1785, and 1788-1791; moved to Rutland, Vt. ; delegate in the constitu- tional convention of 1791 ; elected as a Democrat to the Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1797) ; appointed chief justice of the supreme court in 1797 ; elected to the Seventh Congress (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1803) ; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1803, until his resig- nation October 1, 1807; governor of Vermont 1807-1808; presidential elector 1809; died in Rutland, Vt., December 7, 1810. Smith, James, a Delegate from Pennsylvania ; born in Ireland in 1718; came to the United States with his father in 1727, and located in Pennsylvania ; attended the public schools and Philadelphia academy; surveyor in Cumberland county ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Shippingport ; moved to York, Pa. ; raised a company for the purpose of resisting Great Britain in 1774 ; delegate in the , provisional conference in Philadelphia ; engaged in the manufacture of iron ; delegate in the state convention of January, 1775 ; member of the Continental Congress 1776-1778; signer of the Declaration of Independence; member of the state house of representatives in 1780 ; brigadier general of state militia ; State councillor ; re- sumed the practice of law in York, Pa., until his death, July 11, 1806. Smith, James, jr., a Senator from New Jer- sey ; born in Newark, N. J., June 12, 1851 ; at- 1006 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tended the common schools ; member of the city council of Newark; declined the nomination of mayor; manufacturer of leather in Newark; elected as a Democrat to the United States Sen- ate, and served from March 4, 1893, to March 3, 1899; unsuccessful candidate in the primaries for the United States Senate in 1912; president of the Federal trust company of Newark, N. J. Smith, James S., a Representative from North Carolina ; native of Orange county, N. C. ; stud- ied medicine and practiced in Hillsboro, N. C. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth and Six- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821). Smith, Jedediah Kilburn, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Amherst, N. H., November 7, 1770; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; representative in the general con- ventions of 1803 and 1804 ; member of the state senate 1804-1806 and 1809 ; elected to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809) ; coun- cillor 1810-1815; associate justice of the court of common pleas 1816-1821, and of the court of sessions 1821-1823 ; chief justice of the court of sessions 1823-1825; died in Amherst, N. H., De- cember 17, 1828. Smith, Jeremiah, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Peterboro, N. H., November 29, 1759; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Rutgers college, New Jersey, in 1780 ; served in the Revolutionary army ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1786, and began practice in Peterboro, N. H. ; district attorney, 1798-1801 ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1788-1790; member of the constitu- tional convention 1791-1792; elected to the Sec- ond and to the three succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1791, until his resignation July 26, 1797; United States district attorney for New Hampshire 1798-1800; chief justice of the superior court of New Hampshire 1802-1809 ; presidential elector in 1809; governor of New Hampshire 1809-1810 ; again chief justice of the supreme court of New Hampshire 1813-1816 ; died in Dover, N. H., September 21, 1842. Smith, J. Hyatt, a Representative from New York; born in Saratoga, N. Y., April 10, 1824; elected as an Independent candidate to the Forty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883) ; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., December 7, 1886. Smith. John, a Representative from Vermont ; born in Barre, Mass., August 12, 1789 ; attended the common schools ; moved to St. Albans, Vt. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1810, and began practice ; state attorney for Franklin county 1826-1832; served nine years as member of the general assembly, and was speaker three terms; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; became interested in the construction of railroads ; died in St. Albans, Vt., November 26, 1858. Smith-, John, a Senator from Ohio; born in Hamilton county, Ohio, in 1735; prepared for the ministry and was pastor of the first Baptist church in Columbia, Lorain county, Ohio, in 1790; member of the territorial legislature 1799- 1803 ; elected upon the admission of the state of Ohio into the Union as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from April 1, 1803, until his resignation, April 25, 1808; sent by President Jefferson on a special mission to Loui- siana in 1804, and was charged with having been connected with the conspiracy of Burr and Blen- nerhassett, and a motion to expel him from the Senate failed by one vote; died in Hamilton county, Ohio, June 10, 1816. Smith, John, a Representative and a Senator from New York ; born in Brookhaven, N. Y., February 12, 1755 ; completed preparatory studies; member of the state assembly 1784- 1799 ; delegate in the convention which adopted the Federal constitution in 1788 ; elected as a Democrat to the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1799, until his resignation February 23, 1804 ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of De Witt Clinton; reelected, and served from February 4, 1804, to March 3, 1813; United States marshal for the district of New York 1813-1816 ; died, in Brookhaven, N. Y., June 25, 1816. Smith, John, a Representative from Virginia ; native of Virginia ; elected to the Seventh, and to the six succeeding Congresses; ( March 4, 1801- March 3, 1815; died in Rockville, Md., March, 1836. Smith, John Armstrong, a Representative from Ohio; born in Hillsboro, Ohio, September 23, 1814 ; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from Miami university in 1834 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar ; mem- ber of the state legislature 1841-1842; member of the state constitutional convention of Ohio in 1851 ; elected as a - to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1873) ; resumed the practice of law; member of the state constitutional convention of 1873 ; died in Hillsboro, Ohio, March 7, 1892. Smith, John Ambler, a Representative from Virginia; born in Village View, Va., September 23, 1847; completed preparatory studies: studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Richmond, Va., in 1867 ; held several local offices ; member of the state senate in 1869 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C., and died there January 6, 1892. Smith, John Cotton, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Sharon, Conn., February 12, 1765; was graduated from Yale college in 1783; studied law. was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Sharon, Conn. ; member of the state house of representatives 1793, 1796, 1800, and served the last year as speaker; elected as a Federalist to the Sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jonathan Brace; reelected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses, and served from November 17. 1800, until his resignation in August, 1806 : judge of the supreme court of Connecticut in 1809 ; lieu- tenant-governor of Connecticut in 1810 ; governor 1813-1818; died in Sharon, Conn., December 7, 1845. Smith, John Quincy, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Warren county, Ohio, November 5, 1824; attended the common schools and Miami university; farmer: member of the state senate 1860-1861, and 1872-1873; member of the state BIOGKAPHIES. 1007 house of representatives 1862-1863; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; United States Commis- sioner of Indian Affairs 1875-1877 ; United States consul-general to Montreal, Canada, 1877-1882 ; died in Oakland, Clinton county, Ohio, December 30, 1901. Smith, John Speed, a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Jessamine county, Ky., July 31, 1792; attended the common schools; served in the Indian campaign of 1813 under General Harrison ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1819; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823) ; again a member of the state house of representatives, and served one term as speaker ; United States attorney for the district of Ken- tucky ; died in Richmond, Ky., June 6, 1854. Smith, John T., a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Philadelphia, Pa. ; attended the common schools; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1343- March 3, 1845). Smith, John Walter, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland ; born in Snow Hill, Md., February 5, 1845; attended private schools and Union academy; engaged in the lumber busi- ness in Maryland, Virginia, and North Caro- lina; president of the First National bank of Snow Hill and director in many business and financial institutions; elected to the state senate in 1889, 1893, and 1897, and served as president of the senate during the session of 1894 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1899, until his resignation, January 12, 1900; governor of Maryland 1900- 1904; delegate at large in the Democratic na- tional convention in Kansas City in 1900, and in the St. Louis convention of 1904; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by death of William Pinkney Whyte, and took his seat March 26, 1908; reelected for the term ending March 3, 1915. Smith, Jonathan Bayard, a delegate from Pennsylvania ; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Febru- ary 21, 1742 ; received a thorough English educa- tion and was graduated from Princeton college in 1760 ; secretary of the Philadelphia committee of safety 1775-1777; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1777-1778; prothonotary of the court of common pleas 1778-1781 ; justice of the court of common pleas; alderman of Philadelphia 1792-1794; auditor-general of Pennsylvania 1794 ; died in Philadelphia, Pa., June 16, 1812. Smith, Joseph S., a Representative from Ore- gon ; born in Fayette county, Pa., June 20, 1824 ; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; prosecuting attorney for the third judicial district of Wash- ington territory in 1855; elected to the legisla- ture and served as speaker of the house; United States district attorney of Washington terri- tory for two years; resigned and moved to Oregon; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871). Smith, Josiah, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Pembroke, Mass., in 1745; was graduated from Harvard college in 1774 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the state legislature; elected to the Seventh Congress (March 4, 1801 -March 3, 1803) ; died in Pembroke, Mass., April 4, 1803. Smith, Madison Boswell, a Senator from St. Louis, Mo. ; born in Glenallen, Bollinger county. Mo., July 9, 1850; attended the public schools and Central college in Fayette, Mo. ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1874; taught school; began active practice of law in 1877; elected to the state senate in 1886 ; declined fur- ther election; served four years as reporter of the St. Louis court of appeals and resigned; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth Congress (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1909) ; after retirement from Congress resumed the practice of law in Fannington, Mo. Smith, Marcus Aurelius, a Delegate and a Senator from Arizona ; born near Cynthiana, Ky., January 24, 1852; attended Transylvania university, Lexington, Ky. ; studied law and was admitted to the bar ; moved to Arizona in 1881 ; elected prosecuting attorney of his district in 1882; elected a Delegate as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1895) ; reelected to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899) ; again elected to the Fifty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903) and to the Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1909) ; elected to the United States Senate, upon the admission of the state of Arizona into the Union, for the term expiring March 3, 1915. Smith, Melancthon, a Delegate from New York; born in Jamaica, N. Y., in 1724; elected to the Continental Congress 1785-1788; died in New York City July 29, 1798. Smith, Meri wether, a Delegate from Vir- ginia ; born in Bathurst, Va., in 1730 ; completed preparatory studies; served several years as a member of the colonial and state house of rep- resentatives; delegate to the Revolutionary conventions of 1775 and 1776; delegate to the state convention that adopted the Federal Con- stitution; delegate to the Continental Congress 1778-1782 ; member of the Virginia house of dele- gates ; died in Merigold, Essex county, Va., Janu- ary 25, 1790. Smith, Nathan, a Senator from Connecticut; born in Woodbury, Conn., January 8, 1770; re- ceived a thorough English education ; attended Litchfield law school, was admitted to the bar and began practice in New Haven, Conn. ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives ; state's attorney for New Haven county ; delegate to the Hartford convention of Federalists in 1814; United States attorney for Connecticut; unsuc- cessful candidate for governor in 1825 ; elected as a Whig to the United- States Senate, and served from March 4, 1833, until his death, in Washing- ton, D. C., December 6, 1835. Smith, Nathaniel, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Woodbury, Conn., January 6, 1762 ; attended the public schools ; farmer and cattle dealer; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1787, and practiced in Woodbury, Conn. ; member of the state house of representatives 1789-1795; elected as a Federalist to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1799); member of the state senate 1800-1805; judge of the supreme court of Connecticut 1806- 1819; delegate to the Hartford convention of 1814; died in Woodbury, Conn., March 9, 1822. 1008 CONGBESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. Smith, O'Brien, a Representative from South Carolina ; elected to the Ninth Congress ( March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807). Smith, Oliver Hampton, a Representative and a Senator from Indiana; born on Smiths island, near Trenton, N. J., October 23, 1794; moved to Indiana in 1817; attended the public schools ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Connersville, Ind. ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1822- 1824 ; prosecuting attorney for the third judicial district 1824 and 1825; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843 ; declined the Whig nomination for governor in 1845; engaged in the railroad business in Indianapolis; died in Indianapolis, Ind., March 19, 1849. Smith, Perry, a Senator from Connecticut; born in Woodbury, Conn., May 12, 1783; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law at the Litchfleld law school, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New Milford, Conn., in 1807 ; member of the state house of representa- tives 1822-1824; judge of probate court 1824- 1835 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; died in New Milford, Conn., June 8, 1852. Smith, R. Barn well, a Representative from South Carolina ; elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863). Smith, Richard, a Delegate from New Jersey : born at Burlington, N. J., March 22, 1735; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in Philadelphia, Pa., and later in New Jersey; member of the state assembly; recorder of the courts of Burlington, N. J. ; treasurer of New Jersey in 1776 ; Delegate to the Continental Congress, 1774-1776; resigned on account of ill health in 1776 ; moved to Laurens, N. Y., in 1790 ; died near Natchez, Miss., September 17, 1803. Smith, Robert, a Representative from Illi- nois ; born in Peterboro, N. H., June 12, 1802 ; attended the public schools ; farmer ; moved to Illinois and located in Alton ; member of the state house of representatives 1836-1840 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty- ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1849) ; reelected to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859) ; died in Alton, 111., December 21, 1867. Smith, Samuel, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Peterboro, N. H., Novem- ber 11, 1765 ; received a limited education ; wall- paper manufacturer ; elected to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815) ; died in Peterboro, N. H., April 25, 1842. Smith, Samuel, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; elected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3. 1811). Smith, Samuel, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland ; born in Carlisle, Pa., July 27, 1752; moved with his father to Baltimore, Md., in 1759 ; attended the public schools ; engaged in the mercantile business; served in the Revolu- tionary war as captaiu, major, and lieutenant colonel ; engaged in the shipping business ; briga- dier general of the state militia ; member of the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Third and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1803) ; elected to the United States Senate; served from March 4, 1803, to March 3, 1815 acting secretary of the United States navy in Jefferson's cabinet in 1805 ; served in the war of 1812 ; reelected to the Fourteenth and to the three succeeding Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1815, until his resignation December 17, 1822 ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Pinkney, and served from December 16, 1822, to March 3, 1833, when he resigned; major general of the state militia; elected mayor of Baltimore, Md. ; died in Balti- more, Md., April 22, 1839. Smith, Samuel A., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833). Smith, Samuel Axley, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Monroe county, Tenn., June 26, 1822 ; received a limited education ; taught school ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1845, and began practice in Cleveland, Tenn. ; district attorney general 1845-1850; delegate to the national Democratic convention at Baltimore in 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859) ; appointed by President Buchanan Commissioner of the Gen- eral Land Office in 1860; served in Confederate army in 1861 ; died in Ladd Springs, Polk county, Teun., November 25, 1863. Smith, Samuel William, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Independence, Oakland county, Mich., August 23, 1852; attended the common schools in Clarkston and Detroit; was graduated from the law department of the Uni- versity of Michigan, and was admitted to the bar in 1873; prosecuting attorney of Oakland county 1880-1884 ; member of the state senate 1884; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Smith, Sylvester Clark, a Representative from California ; born near Mount Pleasant, Iowa, August 26, 1858; attended the district schools and Howe's academy, Mount Pleasant ; moved to California in 1879 ; farmed and taught school in Colusa county; taught school in Kern county in 1883; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1885, and commenced practice in Bakersfield, Cal. ; employed to edit the Kern County Echo ; resumed the practice of law ; member of the state senate 1894-1902; unsuc- cessful candidate for election to the Fifty-eighth Congress; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Smith, Thomas, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817). Smith, Thomas, a Delegate from Pennsyl- vania ; born near Cruden, Aberdeenshire, Scot- land, in 1745; came to the United States and located in Bedford, Pa., February 9, 1769; BIOGRAPHIES. 1009 deputy surveyor ; held several local offices ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1772 ; served in the Revolutionary army as deputy colonel of militia ; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1776; member of the state house of representatives 1776-1780 ; delegate in the Continental Congress 1780-1782; judge of the supreme court of Penn- sylvania 1794-1809; died in Philadelphia, Pa., March 31, 1809. Smith, Thomas, a Representative from In- diana ; born in Fayette county, Pa., May, 1798 ; moved to Indiana; tanner; attended the public schools ; located in Versailles, Ind. ; member of the state senate; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841) ; reelected to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847) ; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for the Twenty-seventh Congress; died in Ver- sailles, Ripley county, Ind., April 12, 1876. Smith, Thomas Alexander, a Representative from Maryland; born near Greenwood, Del., September 3, 1850; attended the public schools and Denton academy; taught school in Dela- ware, Maryland, and Michigan ; moved to Ridgely, Md., and was appointed agent of the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Rail- road; school commissioner of Caroline county 1889-1893; member of the state senate in 1894 and 1896 ; candidate for comptroller of the state treasury 1897 ; chief of the Maryland bureau of statistics and information 1900-1903; first vice- president of the National Association of Labor Statisticians 1903-1904 ; member of the board of state aid and charities 1903-1904; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-ninth Congress ( March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907) ; land commissioner of Maryland in Annapolis; a resident of Ridgely, Md. Smith, Truman, a Representative and Sena- tor from Connecticut; born in Roxbury, Conn., November 27, 1791 ; was graduated from Yale in 1815 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1818, and began practice in Litchfleld, Conn. ; member of the state house of representatives 1831, 1832, and 1834; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843) ; presidential elector on the Clay and Frelinghuysen ticket in 1844 ; reelected to the Twenty-ninth and Thir- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849) ; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1849, until his resignation May 24, 1854; moved to New York; judge of the slave-trade court in New York, 1862-1870; died in Stamford, Conn., May 3, 1884. Smith, Walter Inglewood, a Representative from Iowa ; born in Council Bluffs, Iowa, July 10, 1862; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in December, 1882, and commenced practice ; judge of the fifteenth judicial district of Iowa 1890-1898 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Congress in No- vember, 1900, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of Smith McPherson, and at the same time elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress ; re- elected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses; resigned March 15, 1911, to accept an appointment as United States circuit judge in the eighth judicial circuit. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 64 Smith, William, a Delegate and a Representa- tive from Maryland; born in Baltimore, Md., April 12, 1728 ; Delegate to the Continental Con- gress 1777-1778; prominent merchant; elected as a Federalist to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791) ; Auditor of the Treasury July 16, 1791, to November 27, 1791 ; presidential elector in 1792; died in Baltimore, Md., March 27, 1814. Smith, William, a Representative from South Carolina; native of South Carolina; received a thorough English education ; held several oflices ; elected as a Federalist to the First and to the four succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1789, until his resignation July 10, 1797; minister to Portugal 1797-1801; died on his plantation in South Carolina September 9, 1801. Smith, William, a Representative and a Sen- ator from South Carolina; born in North Caro- lina in 1762 ; moved to York district, South Caro- lina ; pursued classical studies ; was graduated from Mount Zion college, Winnsborough, S. C., in 1789 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Charleston, S. C., in 1784 ; held several local oflices; member of the state house of representatives; elected to the state senate 1806-1808, and served as president of the senate in 1808; circuit judge of the district court; elected as a Democrat to the Fifth Congress (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1799) ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Tay- lor; reelected in 1817, and served from Decem- ber 4, 1816, until March 3, 1823; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; again elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John Gaillard, and served from December 7, 1826, until March 3, 1831; unsuc- cessful candidate for reelection ; declined the offer of judge of the Supreme Court of the United Statess moved to Huntsville, Ala., in 1833 ; declined the appointment of associate jus- tice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1836; member of the state legislature 1835- 1839; died in Huntsville, June 10, 1840. Smith, William, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; a native of Chesterfield, Va. ; completed preparatory studies; elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1827). Smith, William, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in King George county, Va., Sep- tember 6, 1796 ; completed preparatory studies ; attended Plainfield academy, Conn. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Culpeper county, Va. ; member of the state seri- ate 1830-1835; successfully contested the elec- tion of Linn Banks to the Twenty-seventh Con- gress, and served from December 4, 1841, until March 3, 1843 ; governor of Virginia, 1845-1848 ; moved to California in 1850; president of the constitutional convention at Benicia, Gal., in 1850 ; returned to Virginia ; elected to the Thirty- third, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1861) ; colonel of the forty-ninth Virginia infantry in the civil war; served in the Confederate congress; again a member of the state legislature; governor of Virginia in 1864; died in Warrenton, Va., May 18, 1887. 1010 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Smith, William Alden, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Dowagiac, Mich., May 12, 1859 ; attended, the common schools ; moved with his parents to Grand Rapids in 1872 ; appointed a page in the Michigan house of representatives in 1879 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1883 ; assistant secretary of the Michigan senate in 1883 ; president and principal owner of the Grand Rapids Herald; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth, and to the five succeed- ing Congresses, and served from March 4, 1895, to January 11, 1907 ; elected to the United States Senate in January, 1907, for the term ending March 4, 1913 ; subsequently elected to fill va- cancy caused by the death of Russel A. Alger, and took his seat February 11, 1907 ; reelected for the term expiring March 3, 1919. Smith, William Alexander, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Warren county, N. C., January 9, 1828; attended the public schools; farmer; member of the state constitu- tional convention in 1865; member of the state senate in 1870; president of the North Carolina Railroad in 1868 and of the Yadkin River Rail- road ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; died in Richmond, Va., May 16, 1888. Smith, William E., a Representative from Georgia ; born in Augusta, Ga., March 14, 1829 ; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1848, under a special act of the legislature, and practiced ; also a planter; ordinary of Dougherty county, Ga., in 1853 ; solicitor general of the Southwest circuit in 1858-1860; enlisted in the Confederate army as a first lieutenant in the fourth Georgia vol- unteers ; elected captain in April, 1862 ; elected to the Second Confederate congress in 1863; declined the office of circuit judge in 1874 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -fourth, Forty- fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1881) ; after retiring from Con- gress resumed the practice of law; died in Albany, Ga., March 11, 1890. Smith, William Jay, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Birmingham, England, Sep- tember 24, 1823 ; emigrated to the United States and located in Orange county, N. Y. ; printer ; moved to Tennessee in 1846; served in a regi- ment from the state in the Mexican war ; located in Hardeman county, Tenn., and engaged in horticulture; served in the Union army during the civil war and became brevet brigadier-gen- eral ; member of the state constitutional ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives ; served in the state senate; surveyor of the port of Memphis, Tenn ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; resides in Memphis, Tenn. Smith, William Nathan Harrell, a Repre- sentative from North Carolina ; born in Mur- freesboro, N. C., September 24, 1812 ; was gradu- ated from Yale college in 1834, and from Yale law school in 1840; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Murfreesboro, N. C., in 1839 ; held several local offices ; member of the state house of representatives in 1840 ; served in the state senate in 1848 ; solicitor of the first judicial district of North Carolina ; reelected to the state house of representatives in 1858, but resigned, having been elected as a State Rights American to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861) ; served in the Confed- erate congress, 1862-1865 ; chief justice of the supreme court of North Carolina, 1878-1889; died in Raleigh, N. C., November 14, 1889. Smith, William Orlando, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Reynoldsville, Jef- ferson county, Pa., June 13, 1859 ; attended the public schools ; learned the printing trade ; pub- lisher of the Reynoldsville Herald: worked in the Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., six years; one of a company of ten printers to establish the Washington Crafts- man, a deceased organ of the International Typographical Union, and was its first associate editor ; returned to his native county in 1884 and successively edited the Punxsutawney Tribune and the Punxsutawney Spirit ; elected member of the state house of representatives, 1889-1898 ; editor of the Bradford (Pa.) Daily Era in 1891 ; in January, 1892, purchased a half interest in the Punxsutawney Spirit; elected as a Republi- can to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907). Smith, William Robert, a Representative from Texas ; born in Smith county, Tex., August 18, 1863 ; attended the country schools and was graduated from Sam Houston normal institute, in Huntsville, Tex., in 1883; studied law in Tyler, Tex., admitted to the bar in 1885, and practiced in Tyler until February, 1888; moved to Colorado, Tex., and continued practice; judge of the thirty-second judicial district of Texas 1897-1901; elected to the Fifty-eighth. Fifty- ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Smith, William Russell, a Representative from Alabama ; born in Russellville, Ky., August 8, 1813 ; pursued classical studies ; attended the university of Alabama ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Greens- boro, Ala., in 1834 ; served in the campaign against the Creek Indians in 1836 ; moved to Tus- caloosa, Ala., in 1836 and engaged in newspaper work ; founded and edited the Mirror ; mayor of Tuscaloosa, in 1839; member of the state house of representatives 1842-1843 ; elected brigadier- general of militia ; judge of the seventh judicial circuit; brigadier-general of state militia; elected as a Union Whig to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851- March-3, 1855) ; reelected as a National Ameri- can to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857 ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1861 ; representative in the First and Second Confederate Congresses; devoted himself to the practice of law and literary pur- suits ; died in Tuscaloosa, Ala., February 26, 1896. Smith, William Stephens, a Representative from New York; born in Long Island, N. Y., November 8, 1755 ; was graduated from New Jersey college in 1774 ; served in the Revolu- tionary army as aid-de-camp to General Sulli- van in 1776; on the staff of General Lafayette 1780-1781, and then transferred to staff of General Washington ; fought in twenty-two en- gagements of the Revolution ; secretary of lega- tion at London in 1784 ; returned to America in 1788; surveyor of the port of New York; mem- ber of the state house of representatives ; elected BIOGRAPHIES. 1011 to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813- March 3, 1815) ; died in Smith Valley, town of Lebanon, N. Y., June 10, 1816. Smith, Worthington Curtis, a Representa- tive from Vermont ; born in St. Albans, Vt., April 23, 1823; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from the university of Vermont in 1843; studied law, but did not practice; en- gaged in the iron trade; assisted in raising the first Vermont volunteers in 1861 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1863; elected to the state senate 1864-1865, and was unanimously elected president pro tempore of that body in 1865; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1873) ; died in St. Albans, Vt., January 2, 1894. Smithers, Nathaniel Barratt, a Representa- tive from Delaware ; born in Dover, Del., Octo- ber 8, 1818; was graduated from Lafayette col- lege, Pennsylvania, in 1836 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Dover, Del., in 1840; secretary of state of Dela- ware; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William Temple, and served from De- cember 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865; delegate in the Republican national convention in Balti- more in 1864 ; died in Dover, Kent county, Del., January 16, 1896. Smoot, Heed, a Senator from Utah ; born in Salt Lake City, Utah, January 10, 1862 ; moved with his parents to Provo, Utah ; attended the common schools and the state university, and was graduated from the Brigham Young acad- emy in 1880 ; banker and woolen manufacturer ; delegate in the Republican national conventions of 1908 and 1912; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate for the term com- mencing March 4, 1903; reelected in 1909 for the term expiring March 3, 1915. Smyser, Martin Luther, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Wayne county, Ohio, April 3, 1851 ; attended the common schools and was graduated from Wittenberg college, Springfield, Ohio ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; served one term as prosecuting attorney of Wayne county ; elected to the Fifty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891) and to the Fifty -ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907). Smyth, Alexander, a Representative from Virginia ; born in the island of Rathlin, Ireland, in 1765 ; came to the United States and located in Botetourt county, Va., in 1775; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Abingdon, Va. ; moved to Wythe county, Va. ; member of the state house of representatives from 1792 to 1808 ; inspector-general of the army in 1812 ; re- sumed the practice of law ; again a member of the state house of representatives; elected to the Fifteenth and to the three succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1825) ; re- elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1827, until his death, in Washington, D. C., April 17, 1830. Smyth, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Texas; born in North Carolina, May 16, 1803 ; moved with his parents to Alabama and later to Murfreesboro, Tenn. ; surveyor ; moved to Texas (then Mexico) and became com- missioner of titles; appointed as Texas commis- sioner in charge of the boundary line between the Republic of Texas and the United States; farmer ; commissioner of the general land office of the state in 1848; moved to Texas; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; declined re- nomination to the Thirty-fourth Congress; served in the Confederate army ; member of the constitutional convention ; died February 21, 1866. Smyth, William, a Representative from Iowa ; born in county Tyrone, Ireland, January 3, 1824 ; completed preparatory studies ; came to the United States and located in Pennsylvania in 1838; moved to Iowa in 1844; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Marion, Iowa, in 1847 ; prosecuting attorney of Linn county ; judge of the district court for the fourth judicial district of Iowa ; served two- years in the Union army ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3. 1871) ; died in Marion, Iowa, September 30, 1870. Snapp, Henry, a Representative from Illinois; born in Livonia. Livingston county, N. Y., June 30, 1822; moved to Rochester, N. Y. ; attended the common schools; moved to Homer, 111., studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Joliet, 111. ; member of the state sen- ate, 1869-1871; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) ; died in Joliet, 111., November 26, 1895. Snapp, Howard Malcom, a Representative from Illinois; born in Joliet, 111., September 27, 1855; attended the public schools and Chicago university ; was admitted to the bar in 1879 and commenced practice; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1896 ; master in chancery from 1884 to 1903; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911) ; resumed the practice of law in Joliet, 111. Sneed, William Henry, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Davidson county, Tenn., August 29, 1812; completed preparatory studies; moved with his father's family to Rutherford county, Tenn. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; member of the state senate 1843-1845; moved to Knoxville, Tenn., in 1845, and practiced ; elected as an American to the Thirty -fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857) ; died in Knoxville, Tenn., September 18, 1869. Snider, Samuel Prather, a Representative from Minnesota ; born in Mount Gilead, Ohio, October 9, 1845 ; attended Oberlin college, Ohio ; left that institution in 1861, and enlisted as a private soldier in the sixty-fifth Ohio vol- unteer infantry ; served in Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi; served in west Tennessee as captain in the thirteenth United States colored infantry; after the civil war engaged in commercial pursuits, and became a resident of Minnesota in 1876 ; organized and built the Midland railway ; engaged in farming, mining, and manufacturing; served in the Min- nesota legislature, 1884-1888; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891) ; engaged as dealer in lands. 1012 CONGEESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Snodgrass, Charles Edward, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Sparta, White county, Tenn., December 28, 1866 ; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Crossville, Tenn., in 1888; never held or sought any other elective office; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty -sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899- March 3, 1903) ; judge of the fifth judicial cir- cuit ; resides in Crossville, Tenn. Snodgrass, Henry Clay, a Representative from Tennessee; born in White county, Tenn., March 29, 1848 ; attended Sparta academy ; stud- ied law at the university in Lebanon, Tenn., was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Sparta, Tenn. ; attorney-general of the fifth judi- cial circuit for eight years; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895) ; resumed the practice of law after leaving Congress. Snodgrass, John Fryall, a Representative from Virginia; born in Berkeley county, Va. (now West Virginia), March 2, 1804; com- pleted preparatory studies ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Park- ersburg, Va. ; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1850; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; died in Parkersburg, Va., June 5, 1854. Snook, John Stout, a Representative from Ohio; born near Antwerp, Paulding county, Ohio, December 18, 1862; was graduated from the Antwerp graded schools in 1880; attended the Ohio Wesleyan university at Delaware, Ohio ; was graduated from the law school of the Cincinnati college in May, 1887 ; was admitted by the supreme court to practice in the state of Ohio, and began practice in Antwerp, Ohio ; moved to Paulding, Ohio, in 1890 and practiced ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1905) ; resumed the practice of law in Paulding, Ohio. Snover, Horace Greeley, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Romeo, Macomb county. Mich., September 21, 1847; attended the public schools and Dickenson institute; was graduated from the literary department of the university of Michigan in 1869 and from the law depart- ment in 1871 ; was admitted to the bar in 1871 ; moved to Port Austin, Mich., in 1874 and en- gaged in the practice of law; principal of the public schools; probate judge of Huron county from January 1, 1881, to January 1, 1885; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899) ; after leaving Congress engaged in the banking and real estate business in Port Huron, Mich. Snow, Herman Wilbur, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Laporte county, Ind., July 3, 1836; moved with his parents to Ken- tucky ; educated himself entirely ; taught school several years ; was admitted to the bar ; enlisted as a private in the one hundred and thirty -ninth Illinois volunteer infantry ; served in Illinois, Missouri, and Kentucky, and rose to the rank of captain ; after expiration of first enlistment re- enlisted in the one hundred and fifty-first Illi- nois infantry, and rose to the rank of lieutenant- colonel ; provost-marshal-general of Georgia on Major-General Steedman's staff; with his regi- ment when Brigadier-General Wofford surren- dered 10,400 Confederate troops to Steedman at Kingston, Ga. ; at the expiration of service re- sumed teaching in the Chicago high school for three years; elected to the Illinois legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893) ; elected Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representa- tives for the Fifty-third Congress; engaged as banker in Sheldon, 111. Snow, William W., a Representative from New York; born in Heath, Franklin county, Mass., April 27, 1812; attended the public schools ; moved to Oneonta, N. Y., in 1831 ; merchant, and engaged extensively in agricul- tural pursuits ; inspector of common schools ; supervisor of Oneonta ; member of the state house of representatives in 1844 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853) ; again a member of the state legislature in 1870 ; died in Oneonta, N. Y., September 3, 1886. Snowden, William Henry, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Liskeard, England, June 6, 1840; emigrated with his parents to the United States in 1846, and located in Allen- town, Pa.; attended the Allentown academy, and was graduated from the Harvard law school in 1865; was admitted to the bar and began practice in Allentown, Pa. ; county solicitor, 1868; district attorney, 1872; delegate to the Democratic state convention, 1875 ; city solicitor, 1886; served in the civil war and was wounded in the Battle of Antietam; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889) ; died in Allen- town, Pa., March 3, 1907. Snyder, Adam Wilson, a Representative from Illinois; born in Connellsville, Fayette county, Pa., October 6, 1799; attended the common schools ; moved to Cahokia, 111. ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1820 ; served several years in the Illinois state house of representa- tives ; unsuccessful candidate for election to the Twenty-fourth Congress ; elected as a Van Buren Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839) ; Democratic candidate for governor of Illinois, but died before the elec- tion in Belleville, St. Clair county, 111., May 14, 1842. Snyder, Charles Philip, a Representative from West Virginia ; born in Charleston, Ka- nawha county, W. Va., June 9, 1847 ; pursued an academic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; prosecuting attorney of Kanawha county, W. Va., 1876-1884; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John E. Kenna ; reelected to .the Forty-ninth and Fif- tieth Congresses and served from December 3, 1883, to March 3, 1889; a resident of Charles- ton, W. Va. Snyder, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Selingsgrove, Pa., January 29, 1793 ; served as captain in the war of 1812 ; elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843) ; died in Selinsgrove, Pa., August 15, 1850. Snyder, Oliver P., a Representative from Arkansas ; born in Missouri November 13, 1833 ; completed preparatory studies ; moved to Ar- BIOGRAPHIES. 1013 kansas in 1853 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; member of the general as- sembly of Arkansas 1864-1865; delegate to the constitutional convention in 1867 ; Republican presidential elector in 1868 ; member of the state senate; one of the committee to revise and re- arrange the statutes of Arkansas in 1868 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second and Forty- third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875). Sellers, Augustus R., a Representative from Maryland ; native of that state ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843), and reelected to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Somers, Peter J., a Representative from Wis- consin ; born in Menominee Falls, Waukesha county, Wis., April 12, 1850; attended the com- mon schools, normal school, and pursued an academic course ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1874, and practiced; attorney of the city of Milwaukee 1882-1884 ; elected to the com- mon council in 1890, and upon its organization elected, president ; trustee of the public library ; mayor of Milwaukee in 1890-1894; elected to the Fifty-third Congress at a special election held April 4, 1893, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John L. Mitchell, and served from August 27, 1893, to March 3, 1895 ; resumed the practice of law ; moved to Nevada ; district judge of Esmeraldo county, and reelected in 1910 for term ending 1914. Somes, Daniel E., a Representative from Maine; a native of New Hampshire; moved to Biddeford. Me., and engaged in manufacturing; mayor of Biddeford 1855-1857 ; president of the City bank 1856-1858; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859- March 3, 1861). Sorg, Paul John, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Wheeling, W. Va., September 23, 1840; moved to Cincinnati in 1852; appren- ticed to a molder ; attended night school in Cincinnati ; in the sixties began the manufac- ture of tobacco on a small scale in Cincinnati ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Con- gress at a special election to fill vacancy caused by the death of George W. Honk ; reelected to the Fifty-fourth Congress and served from May 21, 1894, to March 3, 1897; died in Middletown, Ohio, May 27, 1902. Soule, Nathan, a Representative from New York ; a native of that state ; member of the state house of representatives in 1837 ; elected to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831- March 3, 1833). Soule, Pierre, a Senator from Louisiana ; born in Castillon, France, in September, 1802 ; com- pleted preparatory studies; taught school; en- gaged in literary pursuits ; imprisoned for pub- lishing revolutionary articles, but escaped and came to the United States, and reached New Orleans in 1825 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1826; member of the state senate in 1845; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alexander A. Barrow, and served from January 21, 1847, to March 3, 1847 ; again elected and served from March 4, 1849, until his resignation, April 11, 1853- minister to Spain 1853-1855 ; resumed the practice of law in New Orleans, La. ; died in New Orleans, La., March 26, 1870. Southall, Robert Goode, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Amelia county, Va., De- cember 26, 1852; attended the Washington Academy and high school of Amelia county; deputy clerk of Nottaway county for fourteen years ; was graduated from the law school of the University of Virginia in June, 1876, was admit- ted to the bar, and began practice in January, 1877 ; delegate to the Democratic convention at St. Louis in 1888 and at Chicago in 1896 ; mem- ber of the state house of delegates 1899-1903; commonwealth's attorney of Amelia county", Va. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1907) ; judge of the judicial circuit court of Virginia ; a resident of Amelia county, Va. Southard, Henry, a Representative from New Jersey"; born in Hempstead, Long Island, Octo- ber 7, 1747 ; moved with his parents to Basking- ridge, N. J., and worked on a farm ; served nine years as a member of the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Seventh and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1801- March 3, 1811) ; reelected to the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1821) ; died in Baskingridge, N. J., May 22, 1842. Southard, Isaac, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in New Jersey ; completed prepara- tory studies; held several local offices; elected as a Clay Democrat to the Twenty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833). Southard, James Harding, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Washington township, Lucas county, Ohio, January 20, 1851; attended the public schools and was graduated from Cornell University in 1874 ; studied law, and was admit- ted to the bar in 1877; assistant prosecuting attorney of Lucas county; elected prosecuting attorney of said county; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth and to the five succeed- ing Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1907) ; unsuccessful candidate > for reelection to the Sixtieth Congress; resumed the practice of law in Toledo, Ohio. Southard, Milton Isaiah, a Representative from Ohio; born in Hanover, Ohio, October 20, 1836; completed preparatory studies; was grad- uated from Denison university, in Granville, Ohio; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1863, and commenced practice in Toledo, Ohio ; prosecuting attorney for Muskingum county, Ohio ; 1867-1871; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879) ; moved to New York City and practiced law; died in Zanes- ville, Ohio, May 4, 1905. Southard, Samuel Lewis, a Senator from New Jersey ; born in Baskinridge, N. J., June 9, 1787 ; was graduated from Princeton college in 1804; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Kensington, N. J. ; deputy- attorney for several years; appointed law re- porter by the state legislature; served one week as a member of the state legislature, when he resigned to become associate justice of the supreme court of New Jersey ; presidential elector on the Monroe and Tompkins ticket in 1820; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of James J. Wilson, and served from 1014 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. February 16, 1821, to March 3, 1823 ; Secretary of the Navy ad interim ; Secretary of the Treas- ury ad interim March 7, 1825, to July 1, 1825; ' also Secretary of War ad interim ; attorney- general of Ne"w Jersey ; governor of New Jersey in 1832; again elected to the United States Senate, was President pro tempore, and served from December 2, 1833, until his resignation, May 3, 1842; died in Fredericksburg, Va., June 26, 1842. Southgate, William W., a Representative from Kentucky ; a native of Covington, Ky. ; com- pleted preparatory studies ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839; presidential elector in 1840 and 1844 ; died in Covington, Ky., December 26, 1844. South. wick, George Newell, a Representative from New York ; born in Albany, N. Y., March 7, 1863 ; attended private school and later public schools; was graduated from the Albany high school in 1879; from Williams college in 1884; attended the Albany law school ; early in 1885 entered the service of the Albany Morning Ex- press, in both an editorial and a reportorial ca- pacity; official reporter of the legislature for the Associated Press in 1886, 1887, and 1888 ; in the last-mentioned year became managing editor of the Morning Express, and early in 1889 of the Albany Evening Journal ; chairman of the Republican state convention in 1896; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Fifty-sixth Congress ; again elected to the Fifty- seventh, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1911) ; died in Albany, N. Y., October 17, 1912. Spaight, Richard Dobbs, a Delegate and a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Newbern, N. C., March 25, 1758; attended the University of Glasgow ; returned home in 1778 and joined the Continental army as aid-de- camp to General Ca swell ; member of the North Carolina house of commons 1781-1786 and 1792 ; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1783- 1785 ; delegate to the Federal constitutional con- Tention ; governor of North Carolina in 1792 ; elected to the Fifth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Nathan Bryan ; reelected to the Sixth Congress and served from Decem- ber 10, 1798, to March 3, 1801; member of the state senate 1801-1802 ; mortally wounded in a duel with Henry Stanley and died September 6, 1802, in Newbern, N. C. Spaight, Richard Dobbs, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Newbern, N. C., in 1796 ; was graduated from the university of North Carolina in 1815 ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced in Newbern, N. C. ; elected to the state house of representa- tives, 1819-1820; member of the state senate, 1820-1822; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3. 1825) : again a mem- ber of the state senate. 1824-1834; governor of North Carolina, 1835-1837; retired to his farm and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits; died in Newbern, N. C., November 2, 1850. Spalding, Burleigh Folsom, a Representative from North Dakota ; born in Craftsbury, Or- leans county, Vt., December 3, 1853 ; attended the Lyndon literary institute, Lyndon, Vt., and was graduated from Norwich university in 1877 : studied law in Montpelier, Vt., and was admitted to the bar in March, 1880, and commenced prac- tice in Fargo, N. Dak. ; superintendent of public instruction of Cass county, Dakota territory, from 1882 to 1884 ; member of commission to relocate capital of the territory of Dakota and build capitol ; member of the North Dakota con- stitutional convention in 1889 ; member of the joint commission provided by the enabling act to divide the property and archives of the ter- ritory of Dakota between the states of North and South Dakota ; twice elected chairman of the Republican state central committee ; chair- man of the Cass county Republican committee ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901) ; reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1905) ; associate justice of the supreme court of North Dakota in 1907 ; reelected in 1908; chief justice of the state supreme court in 1911. Spalding, George, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Scotland, November 12, 1836 ; emigrated with his parents to the United States in 1843 ; settled in Buffalo, N. Y. ; attended the public schools ; accompanied his parents to Mon- roe, Mich. ; taught school in 1860-1861 ; mustered into the United States service for the Civil war June 20, 1861, as a private and sergeant in com- pany A, fourth regiment Michigan volunteer in- fantry; first lieutenant August 5, 1861; captain January 13, 1862 ; lieutenant colonel of the eighteenth Michigan infantry July 18, 1862; colonel twelfth Tennessee cavalry February 24, 1864; brevet brigadier general of volunteers March 21, 1865, " for valuable service during the campaign in Tennessee " ; mustered out of serv- ice October 24, 1865; postmaster of Monroe, Mich., 1866-1870; special agent of the Treasury Department 1871-1875 ; mayor of Monroe, Mich., 1876; president of the board of education; was admitted to the bar in 1878; member of the board of control State Industrial Home for Girls 1885-1897 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899) ; again appointed post- master of Monroe, Mich. Spalding, Rufus Paine, a Representative from Ohio; born in West Tisbury, Mass., May 3, 1798; was graduated from Yale college in 1817; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Little Rock, Ark., and began practice in Trumbull county, Ohio; moved to Portage county, Ohio, in 1821 ; member of the state legislature of Ohio, 1839-1840 and 1841-1842; served one term as speaker of the house; judge of the supreme court of Ohio, 1849-1852; resumed practice of law in Cleveland, Ohio ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Con- gresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869) ; died in Cleveland, Ohio, August 29, 1886. Spalding, Thomas, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Frederica, St. Simons island, Glynn county, Ga., March 26. 1774; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, but abandoned it in order to give his personal attention to his large estate; elected to the general assembly of Georgia ; member of the constitutional conven- tion of 1798 ; successfully contested the election of Cowles Mead to the Ninth Congress and took his seat December 25, 1805, and served until his BIOGRAPHIES. 1015 resignation in 1806 ; member of the state senate ; commissioner on the part of the state of Geor- gia to determine the boundary line between Georgia and the Territory of Florida ; president of the convention at Milledgeville in 1850; died on his way homeward at the residence of his son near Darien, Ga., January 4, 1851. Spangler, David, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Sharpsburg, Washington county, Md., December 2, 1796 ; moved with parents to Zanes- ville, Ohio, in 1802 ; attended public schools ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third and Twenty -fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833- March 3, 1837) ; died in Coshocton, Ohio, Octo- ber 18, 1856. Spang-ler, Jacob, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in York, Pa., in 1768 ; re- ceived a limited schooling; surveyor; elected as a Whig to the Fifteenth Congress and served from December 1, 1817, until his resignation, April 20, 1818 ; surveyor general of Pennsyl- vania ; died in York, Pa., June 17, 1843. Sparkman, Stephen Milancthon, a Repre- sentative from Florida ; born in Hernando county, Fla., July 29, 1849 ; attended the com- mon schools ; taught school for three years ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1872; state attorney for the sixth judicial cir- cuit, 1878-1887; member of the state and con- gressional committees from 1890 to 1892, when he was elected chairman ; declined the position of circuit judge for the sixth judicial circuit in 1888, also the position of associate judge on the supreme court bench in 1891 ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-fourth and to the seven suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Sparks, William Andrew Jackson, a Repre- sentative from Illinois; born near New Albany, Ind., November 19, 1828 ; moved with his parents to Illinois itt-'~L8S6; attended country schools; taught school, and was graduated from Mc- Keudree college, 111., in 1850; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1851 ; United States land receiver for the Edwardsville (111.) land office, 1853-1856 ; Democratic presidential elector in 1856; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1856 and 1857 ; served in the state senate, 1863 and 1864; delegate to the Demo- cratic national convention at New York in 1868 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and to the three succeeding Congresses ( March 4, 1875- March 3, 1883) ; Commissioner of the United States General Land office, 1895 to 1898 ; died in St. Louis, Mo., May 7, 1904. Spaulding, Elbridge Gerry, a Representative from New York ; born in Summer Hill, N. Y., Feb- ruary 24, 1809 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Buffalo, N. Y. ; mayor of Buf- falo in 1847 ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4. 1849-March 3, 1851) ; treasurer of the state of New York, 1854- 1855 ; elected as a Union candidate to the Thirty- sixth and Thirty -seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863) ; returned to Buffalo, N. Y., where he organized the Farmers and Mechanics' national bank in 1864 ; died in Buffalo, N. Y., May 5, 1897. Spaulding, Oliver Lyman, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Jaffrey, N. H., August 2, 1833 ; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Oberlin college, Ohio, in 1855; moved to Michigan and taught school; was ad- mitted to the bar in 1858, and began practice in St. Johns, Mich.; regent of the university of Michigan ; served in the Union army ; captain in the twenty-third regiment Michigan volun- teers August 1, 1862 ; major February 13, 1863 ; lieutenant colonel April 6, 1863 ; colonel April 16, 1864 ; brevet brigadier general of volunteers June 25, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service during the war " ; honorably mustered out June 28, 1865 ; resumed the practice of law in St. Johns, Mich. ; secretary of state of Michi- gan 1866-1870; member of the Republican state committee, 1871-1878; declined the position of United States district judge of the Territory of Utah in 1871; special agent of United States Treasury department, 1875-1881; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1883) ; chairman of the commission sent to the Sandwich Islands, to in- vestigate alleged violations of the Hawaiian reciprocity treaty in 1883 ; again a special agent of the United States Treasury in 1885, and 1889- 1890; Assistant Secretary of the Treasury 1890- 1893 ; president of the first congress of American republics, held in New York City in January, 1903 ; again a special agent of the United States Treasury, with residence in Washington, D. C. Speed, Thomas, a Representative from Ken- tucky; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819). Speer, Emory, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Culloden, Monroe county, Ga., Septem- ber 3, 1848; pursued classical studies, and was graduated from the university of Georgia in August, 1869; studied law at the school of the university; entered the Confederate army as a volunteer in the fifth Kentucky regiment, Lewis brigade, and remained with that command until the surrender of the Confederate forces ; was ad- mitted to the bar in 1869, and began practice in Athens, Ga. ; solicitor-general of Georgia, 1873- 1876; unsuccessful candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883) ; United States attorney for the northern district of Georgia, 1883-1885 ; dis- trict judge of the southern federal judicial dis- trict of Macon, Ga. Speer, Robert Milton, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Cassville, Pa., September 8, 1838 : pursued an academic course ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Huntingdon, Pa., in 1859 ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-second and Forty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875) ; delegate to the Democratic national conventions in 1872 and 1880; died in New York City, January 17, 1890. Speer, Thomas Jefferson, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Monroe county, Ga., Au- gust 31, 1837; attended common schools; mer- chant ; held several offices under the Confed- eracy; member of the constitutional convention in 1867-1868 ; member of the state senate 1868- 1870; elected as a Republican to the Forty- second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) ; died in Barnesville, Ga., August 18, 1872. 1016 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Speight, Jesse, a Representative from North Carolina and a Senator from Mississippi; born in Greene county, N. C., September 22, 1795 ; at- tended the public schools; member of the state house of representatives and served as speaker ; member of the state senate, 1823-1827 ; elected to the Twenty-first and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1837) ; moved to Plymouth, Miss.; elected to the state house of representatives and chosen speaker; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate from Mississippi and served from March 4, 1845, until his death, in Columbus, Miss., May 1, 1847. Spence, John Selby, a Representative and a Senator from Maryland; born near Snow Hill, Md., February 29, 1788; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Berlin, Md. ; held several local offices; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825) ; and to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835) ; assistant postmaster general; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Robert H. Goldsborough, and served from January 11, 1837, to October 24, 1840, when he died in Berlin, Md. Spence, Thomas Asa, a Representative from Maryland; born in Accomac county, Ya., Feb- ruary 20, 1810; was graduated from Yale col- lege in 1829; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practicing in Snow Hill, Mo. ; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1845) ; assistant attorney-general for the Post-Office Department, 1872-1877; died in Washington, D. C., November 10, 1877. Spencer, Ambrose, a Representative from New York; born in Salisbury, Conn., December 13, 1765; attended Yale college, and was grad- uated from Harvard in 1763; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Hud- son, N. Y. ; city clerk, 1786-1793 ; elected to the state assembly, 1793-1795; member of the state senate, 1795-1804; assistant attorney-general in 1796 ; attorney -general of New York 1802-1804 ; presidential elector in 1809; justice of the state supreme court, 1804-1819, and chief justice, 1819-1823; resumed practice of law in Albany, N. Y. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831) ; mayor of Albany, 1824-1826; president of the national Whig convention at Baltimore in 1844 ; moved to Lyons, N. Y., in 1839 and engaged in agricultural pursuits; died in Lyons, N. Y., March 13, 1848. Spencer, Elijah, a Representative from New York; a native of Columbia county, N. Y. ; re- ceived a limited education ; member of the state house of representatives in 1819 ; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823). Spencer, George Eliphaz, a Senator from Alabama ; born in Jfferson county, N. Y., No- vember 1, 1836; pursued classical studies; at- tended Montreal college, Canada ; moved to Iowa ; secretary of the state senate in 1856 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1857 and began practice; entered the Union army as a captain, and when he resigned from the service, July 4, 1865, was brevetted briga- dier-general for gallantry on the field ; settled in practice in Decatur, Ala. ; appointed register in bankruptcy for the fourth district of Alabama in May, 1867 ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate ; reelected and served from July 25, 1868, to March 3, 1879; retired to his ranch in Nevada; died in Washington, D. C., February 19, 1893. Spencer, James B., a Representative from New York ; born in Salisbury, Conn., April 26, 1781 ; received a limited education ; served as captain in the war of 1812; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839) ; died in Fort Covington, N. Y., March 26, 1848. Spencer, James Grafton, a Representative from Tennessee; born near Port Gibson, Miss., September 13, 1844 ; attended Oakland college in 1861 ; entered the Confederate army as a private in Cowan's battery of light artillery ; served until the close of the war ; returned to his home and began farming; member of the state house of representatives ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897) ; engaged in the real estate and insurance business near Port Gibson, Miss. Spencer, John Canfield, a Representative from New York ; born in Hudson, N. Y., January 8, 1788 ; was graduated from Union college in 1806 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1809, and began practice in Canandaigua, N. Y. ; served in the war of 1812 ; postmaster of Canan- daigua, N. Y. ; judge-advocate general in 1813 ; assistant attorney-general for western New York in 1815 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fif- teenth Congress (March 4. 1817-March 3, 1819) ; member of the state assembly, 1820-1821, and served one year as speaker; served in the state senate 1824-1828 ; special attorney general to prosecute the abductors of Morgan ; again a member of the state assembly 1831-1832 ; secre- tary of state of New York in 1839 ; appointed Secretary of War by President Tyler, October 12, 1841, and served until March 3, 1843; Secre- tary of the Treasury March 3, 1843, to May 2, 1844, when he resigned; died in Albany, N. Y., May 18, 1855. Spencer, Joseph, a Delegate from Connecticut ; born in East Haddam, Conn., October 3, 1714; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; held several local offices ; judge of probate in 1753 ; served in the French war in 1758 ; member of the Con- necticut council in 1776 ; brigadier-general in the Continental army ; commissioned major- general August 9, 1776, and resigned June 14, 1778, because Congress had ordered an investi- gation of his military conduct in 1777 ; Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1779 ; member of the Connecticut council in 1780, and was annu- ally reelected until his death in East Haddam, Conn., January 13, 1789. Spencer, Richard, a Representative from Maryland ; born in " Spencer Hall," Talbot county, Md., October 29, 1796; attended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1819 ; engaged in agricultural pur- suits; member of the state house of representa- tives ; engaged in literary pursuits ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3. 1831) ; died in " Cottage Hill," near Mobile, Ala., September 3, 1868. BIOGRAPHIES. 1017 Spencer, William B., a Representative from Louisiana ; born in Catahoula Parish, La., Feb- ruary 5, 1835 ; was graduated from Centenary college, also from the law department of the university of Louisiana ; was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Harrisonburg, La., 1857- 1861 ; served in the Confederate army ; elected as a Democrat (successfully contested the elec- tion of Frank Morey and took his seat) to the Forty-fourth Congress, May 31, 1876, and served until his resignation, January 8, 1877. Sperry, Lewis, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in East Windsor Hill, town of South Windsor, Hartford county, Conn., Janu- ary 23, 1848; attended district school and Mon- son academy, Monson, Mass. ; was graduated from Amherst college in 1873; studied law, was admitted to the bar in March, 1875, and com- menced practice in Hartford, Conn. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1876 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty -third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895) ; resumed the practice of law in Hartford, Conn. Sperry, Nehemiah Day, a Representative from Connecticut ; born in Woodbridge, New Haven county, Conn., July 10, 1827; attended public and a private school ; worked on a farm and in a mill ; taught school for several years ; member of the common council in 1853 ; alder- man of the city in 1854 ; secretary of state of Connecticut in 1855-1856; delegate to the Repub- lican national convention in 1864 ; member of the executive committee and secretary both of the national and executive committees ; chairman of the Republican state committee for a series of years; chairman of the recruiting committee of New Haven during the war ; postmaster of New Haven, 1861-1885; again postmaster from 1889 to 1893; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1911) ; died in New Haven, Conn., November 13, 1911. Spight, Thomas, a Representative from Mis- sissippi ; born in Tippah county, Miss., October 25, 1841 ; attended common and high schools of the county, and the college in Purdy, Tenn, also the Lagrange (Tenn.) Synodical college; en- tered the Confederate army as a private and was captain of his company ; taught school and engaged in agricultural pursuits; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Ripley, Miss. ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives, 1874-1880 ; presidential elector on the Hancock ticket ; district attorney of the third judicial disti'ict; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William V. Sullivan: reeleeted to the Fifty-sixth and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1905) ; re- sides in Ripley, Miss. Spink, Solomon Lewis, a Delegate from Da- kota ; born in Whitehall. N. Y., March 20, 1831 ; completed preparatory studies; taught school several years; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Burlington, Iowa, in 1856; moved to Paris, 111., in 1860 and began the publication of the Prairie Beacon ; served in the state legislature; secretary of the Territory of Dakota, 1865-1869; elected as a Republican a Delegate to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; resumed the practice of law in Yankton, S. Dak., until his death there September 22, 1881. Spinner, Francis Elias, a Representative from New York ; born in German Flats, Herkimer county, N. Y., January 21, 1802; pursued class- ical studies; engaged in banking; entered the state militia and promoted to the rank of major- general ; held several public oflices; appointed deputy sheriff in 1829; elected sheriff 1835; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1861) ; treasurer of the United States March 16, 1861, until his resignation July 1, 1875; suggested and successfully urged the employment of women in the Treasury Department; died in Jacksonville, Fla., Decem- ber 31, 1890. Spinola, Francis B., a Representative from York ; born in Stony Brook, Long Island, N. Y., March 19, 1821 ; attended Quaker Hill academy, in Dutchess county ; member of the state as- sembly; elected to the state senate; appointed brigadier-general of volunteers October 2, 1862, " for meritorious conduct in recruiting and or- ganizing a brigade of four regiments, and ac- companying them to the field ; " honorably dis- charged from the service August, 1865, after having been twice wounded; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Charleston in 1860 and alternate to the Democratic national convention of 1884; engaged in manufacturing business; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-second Congresses, and served from March 4, 1887, until his death in Washington, D. C., April 12, 1891. Spooner, Henry Joshua, a Representative and Senator from Rhode Island ; born in Provi- dence, R. I., August 6, 1839 ; attended the public schools ; was graduated from Brown university in 1860 ; studied law ; entered the Union army in 1862 as second lieutenant in the fourth regi- ment Rhode Island volunteer infantry ; served in the armies of the Potomac and the James, and mostly in the ninth army corps; soon after the battle of Antietam was promoted to first lieutenant and adjutant of the same regiment ; mustered out of service in 1865 ; was admitted to the bar of the supreme court of Rhode Island in 1865 and engaged in practice in Providence, R. I. ; commander of the department of Rhode Island, Grand Army of the Republic, in 1877 ; member of the general assembly of Rhode Island, 1875- 1881, and served as speaker, 1879-1881; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Nelson W. Aldrich ; reelected to the Forty-eighth and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1883- March 3, 1891) ; unsuccessful candidate for re- election to the Fifty-second Congress; again a member of the general assembly of Rhode Island in 1902 ; resumed the practice of law in Provi- dence, R. I. Spooner, John Coit, a Senator from Wiscon- sin ; born in Lawrenceburg, Dearborn county, Ind., January 6, 1843; moved with his parents to Wisconsin and settled in Madison June 1, 1859; was graduated from the university of Wisconsin in 1864; private in company D, for- tieth regiment, and captain of company A, fif- tieth regiment, Wisconsin infantry volunteers; brevetted major at the close of the war; private and military secretary of Governor Lucius Fair- 1018 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. child, of Wisconsin; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1867, and practiced ; assistant at- torney-general of the state; moved to Hudson and practiced law, 1870-1884 ; member of the state assembly in 1872 ; member of the board of regents of Wisconsin university ; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1885, to March 3, 1891; chairman of the Wis- consin delegation to national Republican con- vention in 1888 and in 1892; unsuccessful Re- publican candidate for governor of Wisconsin in 1892; moved from Hudson to Madison in 1893; again elected January 27, 1897, to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1897 ; declined the position of Sec- retary of the Interior tendered by President McKinley in 1898; declined the appointment as member of the United States and British Joint High Commission tendered by President Mc- Kinley in 1898 ; declined the position of Attor- ney General, to take office March 4, 1901, ten- dered by President McKinley January 3, 1901 ; reelected for the term beginning March 4, 1903, and served until his resignation April 30, 1907; located in New York City, and engaged in the practice of law. Sprague, Charles Franklin, a Representative from Rhode Island ; born in Boston, Mass., June 10, 1857 ; attended the public schools, and was graduated from Harvard university in 1879; studied law at the Harvard law school and Bos- ton university, and was admitted to Suffolk bar ; member of the common council of Boston in 1889 and 1890; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1891 and 1892 ; member of, and latterly chairman of, the board of park commis- sioners of the city of Boston in 1893 and 1894 ; elected to the Massachusetts senate in 1895 and 1896; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897- March 3, 1901) ; died in Providence, R. I., Janu- ary 30, 1902. Sprague, Peleg, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Rochester, Mass., December 10, 1756 ; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1786; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1787 in New Bedford, Mass. ; moved to Keene, N. H. ; solicitor for Cheshire county; elected to the Fifth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jere- miah Smith, and served from December 15, 1797, to March 3, 1799; declined a renomination, and died in April, 1800. Sprague, Peleg, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Maine; born in Duxbury, Mass., April 27, 1793 ; was graduated from Harvard college in 1812 ; studied law at the Litchfield law school, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Augusta, and later in Hallowell, Me. ; member of the state house of representatives, 1821 and 1822 ; elected as a Whig to the Nineteenth and Twenti- eth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1829; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1829, until his resignation, Janu- ary 1, 1835 ; resumed practice of law in Boston in 1840; presidential elector for Harrison and Tyler in 1841; United States district judge of Massachusetts, 1841-1865 ; died in Boston, Mass., October 13, 1880. Sprague, William, a Representative from Rhode Island : born in Cranston, R. I.. Novem- ber 3, 1799 ; pursued classical studies ; merchant ; member of the state assembly, and served as speaker, 1832-1835 ; elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1837); de- clined a reelection ; governor of Rhode Island, 1838-1839; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Nathan F. Dixon, and served from February 18, 1842, until his resignation, January 17, 1844 ; presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848 ; died in Providence, R. I., October 19, 1856. Sprague, William, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Providence, R. I., February 23, 1809; attended the public schools; moved to Michigan and settled in Kalamazoo ; studied the- ology and was ordained as a minister ; presiding elder Methodist Episcopal church, Kalamazoo district 1844-1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851) ; retired to his farm near Oshteino, Mich. ; died in Kalamazoo, Mich., September 19, 1868. Sprague, William, a Senator from Rhode Island ; born in Cranston, R. I., September 12, 1830; completed preparatory studies; attended the schools of Cranston and the Irving institute, Tarrytown, N. Y. ; engaged in the calico-printing business, also locomotive manufacture ; governor of Rhode Island, 1860, 1861, and 1862 ; served in the Union army ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate ; reelected and served from March 4, 1863, to March 3, 1875; retired from public life and engaged in agricultural pursuits at his country seat, near Narragausett Pier, R. I. Sprague, William Peter, a Representative from Ohio; born near Malta, Morgan county, Ohio, May 21, 1827; received a limited educa- tion; merchant; engaged in banking in McCou- nellsville, Ohio ; member of the state senate, 1860-1861 and 1862-1863; elected as a Republi- can to the Forty-second and Forty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875) ; died in McConnellsville, Ohio, March 3, 1899. Sprigg, James C., a Representative from Ken- tucky ; a na.tive of Maryland ; completed pre- paratory studies; moved to Shelby ville, Ky. ; held several local offices; elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843). Sprigg, Michael Cresap, a Representative from Maryland ; born in Frostburg, Md. ; com- pleted preparatory studies; held several local offices; served several terms in the state legisla- ture; president of the Chesapeake and Ohio ca- nal company ; presidential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1820; elected to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831) ; died in Cumberland, Md., December 28, 1845. Sprigg, Richard, jr., a Representative from Maryland ; a native of Maryland ; elected to the Fourth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Gabriel Durall ; reelected to the Fifth Congress and served from May 6, 1796, to March 3, 1799 ; again reelected to the Seventh Congress (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1803). Sprigg, Thomas, a Representative from Mary- laud ; a native of Maryland ; elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797). BIOGEAPHIES. 1019 Sprigg, William, a Representative from Mary- land ; served in the Seventh Congress ; resigned, and succeeded by Walter Bewie. Spriggs, John Thomas, a Representative from New York; born in Peterborough, North- amptonshire, England, 1827; was graduated from Union college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; county treasurer ; dis- trict attorney of Oneida county ; mayor of Utica ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887) ; died December 23, 1888. Springer, William McKendree, a Representa- tive from Illinois ; born in New Lebanon, Sulli- van county, Ind., May 30, 1836; moved to Illi- nois with his parents in 1848; attended Illinois college, Jacksonville, and was graduated from the University of Indiana, Bloomington, in 1858 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1859; secretary of the state constitutional convention of Illinois in 1862; member of the state legislature in 1871 and 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and to the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1895) ; resumed the practice of law in Wash- ington, D. C., after the expiration of his term in Congress ; United States judge for the northern district of Indian territory ; chief justice of the United States court of appeals of Indian terri- tory ; resumed the practice of law in Washing- ton, D. C., until his death there, December 4, 1903. Spruance, Presley, a Senator from Delaware ; born in Kent county, Del., September 11, 1785; manufacturer in Smyrna, Del. ; merchant ; mem- ber of the state constitutional convention of 1831 ; member of the state senate and served as president ; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1847, to March 3, 1853; died in Smyrna, Del., Febru- ary 13, 1863. Squire, Watson Carbosso, a Senator from Washington; born in Cape Vincent, Jefferson county, N. Y., May 18, 1838; attended Falley seminary, Fulton, N. Y. ; was graduated from the Wesleyan university, in Middletown, Conn., in 1859; principal of the Moravia institute at Moravia, N. Y. ; enlisted in company F, nine- teenth New York infantry, in 1861, for three months' service; promoted to first lieutenant; after five months' service was mustered out; studied law, was graduated from the Cleveland law school in 1862, and was admitted to the bar in June, 1862; raised a company of sharpshoot- ers, of which he was commissioned captain; in the battles of Chicamauga, Chattanooga, Nash- ville, Resaca, and other engagements; made judge advocate of the district of Tennessee, with headquarters in Nashville ; subsequently en- gaged with the Remington Arms Company ; pur- chased large interests in Washington territory in 1876, and moved to Seattle in 1879; governor of the territory of Washington July 2, 1884, and served three years ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate November 21, 1889 ; re- elected in 1891, and served from November 20, 1889, to March 3. 1897 ; resumed the practice of law in Seattle, Wash. Stackhouse, Eli Thomas, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Marion county, S. C., March 27, 1824; attended the country schools; worked on his father's farm; taught school ; enlisted in the Confederate army for the civil war; served in Longstreet's corps, army northern Virginia, and was surrendered as colonel of his regiment ; before reconstruction was three times elected to represent his county in the state legislature; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress and served from March 4, 1891, until his death in Washington, D. C., June 14, 1892. Stafford, William H., a Representative from Wisconsin; born in Milwaukee, Wis. ; attended the public schools and Harvard college; was graduated from the Harvard law school, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Mil- waukee; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- eighth and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911) ; defeated for renomination in 1910. Stahle, James A., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in West Manchester town- ship, York county, Pa., January 11, 1830; at- tended the common schools and pursued an aca- demic course; enlisted August 24, 1861, as cap- tain of company A, eighty-seventh Pennsylvania volunteers; promoted to major January 1, 1863, and to lieutenant colonel May 9, 1863; honorably discharged at expiration of term of service, October 13, 1864; deputy collector of internal revenue at York ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897) ; resumed farming. Stahlnecker, William Griggs, a Representa- tive from New York; born in Auburn, Cayuga county, N. Y., June 20, 1849; pursued an aca- demic course; engaged in mercantile business; member of the New York produce exchange; mayor of Yonkers, N. Y., 1884-1886 ; delegate to the Democratic state convention in Saratoga, N. Y., in June, 1884; delegate to the national Democratic convention in Chicago, 111., in July, 1884 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1893) ; died in Yonkers, N. Y., March 26, 1902. Stallings, Jesse Francis, a Representative from Alabama ; born near Manningham, Butler county, Ala., April 4, 1856 ; completed prepara- tory studies and was graduated from the uni- versity of Alabama in 1877 ; studied law at the law school of the university of Alabama, was ad- mitted to the bar in April, 1879, and commenced practice in Greenville, Ala. ; elected by the legis- lature of Alabama solicitor for the second judi- cial circuit in November, 1886 ; resigned the office of solicitor in September, 1892; delegate to the Democratic national convention in St. Louis in 1888; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1901 ) ; resumed the practice of law and is a resident of Birmingham, Ala. Stall-worth, James Adams, a Representative from Alabama ; born in Conecuh county, Ala., April 7, 1822; received a thorough English edu- cation ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; member of the state house of rep- resentatives; solicitor of the second judicial circuit of Alabama in 1849 and 1853 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses and served from March 4, 1857, until January 21, 1861, when he withdrew ; died near 1020 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Evergreen, Conecuh county, Ala., August 31, 1861. Stanard, Edwin Obed, a Representative from Missouri ; born in Newport, N. H., Janu- ary 5, 1832; moved, with his parents to the territory of Iowa ; completed preparatory studies; went to St. Louis, Mo.; taught school three terms in Illinois; was graduated from a commercial college in St. Louis in 1855 ; engaged in the commission business in 1856; engaged in milling business in St. Louis; lieutenant gov- ernor of Missouri for two years; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; engaged in the manu- facturing of flour in St. Louis, Mo. Stanberry, William, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Essex county, N. J. ; attended the common schools ; moved to Ohio ; held several local offices ; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1833) ; died in Newark, Ohio, January 27, 1872. Standeford, Elisha David, a Representative from Kentucky ; boi'n in Jefferson county, Ky., December 28, 1831 ; attended the common schools; studied medicine; engaged in banking and manufacturing ; member of the state sen- ate in 1868 and 1871 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; president of the Louisville, Nashville and Great Southern railroad 1875-1879 ; died in Louisville, Ky., July 26, 1887. Standifer, James, a Representative from Ten- nessee; elected as a Whig to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825) and to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829- March 3, 1831), and the three succeeding Con- gresses; reelected to the Twenty-fifth Congress but died while on his way to Washington, D. C., near Kingston, Tenn., August 24, 1837. Stanford, Leland, a Senator from California ; born in Watervliet, Albany county, N. Y., March 9, 1824 ; pursued an academic course ; studied law and admitted to practice in the supreme court of New York; moved to Port Washington, Wis. ; engaged in the practice of law ; moved to Cali- fornia in 1852, where he became associated in business with his brothers, at first in business at Michigan Bluffs, and in 1856 moved to San Francisco to engage in mercantile pursuits on a large scale; delegate to the national Republican convention at Chicago in 1860; elected governor of California and served from December, 1861, to December, 1863 ; president of the Central Pacific railroad company ; elected as a Repub- lican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1885, until his death in Palo Alto, Cal., June 21, 1893. Stanford, Richard, a Representative from North Carolina ; born near Vienna, Dorchester county, Md., March 2, 1767 ; completed prepara- tory studies ; moved to North Carolina about 1793 and established an academy in Hawfields, Orange county ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifth Congress and to the nine succeeding Con- gresses and served from March 4, 1797, until his death in Georgetown, D. C., April 9, 1816. Stanley, Augustus Owsley, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Shelbyville, Shelby county, Ky., May 21, 1867; attended the State college, Lexington, Ky., and was graduated from Center College, Danville, Ky., in 1889 ; professor of belles-lettres in Christian college and prin- cipal of Marion academy 1889-1894 ; commenced the practice of law in 1894; Democratic presi- dential elector in 1900 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Stanly, Edward, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Newbern, N. C., about 1811; was graduated from the American Literary, Sci- entific, and Military academy, Norwich univer- sity, in 1829 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar and practiced in Beaufort, N. C. ; mem- ber of the state house of commons and served one term as speaker ; attorney general of North Carolina in 1847; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843) ; re- elected to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853) ; moved to California in 1853 and practiced law ; unsuccessful candidate for governor in 1857 ; for a few months military governor of North Caro- lina in 1862, but resigned and returned to Cali- fornia ; died in San Francisco, Cal., July 12, 1872. Stanly, John, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Newbern, N. C., April 9,1774; member of the state house of commons in 1798 and 1799; elected to the Seventh Congress (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1803) ; reelected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811) ; again a member of the house of com- mons of North Carolina, 1812-1815, 1818. 1819, 1823, 1825, and 1826; died in Newbern, N. C., August 2, 1833. Stanton, Benjamin, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Mount Pleasant, Jefferson county, Ohio, June 4, 1809 ; studied law ; admitted to the bar, and in 1834 began practice in Bellefon- taine; member of the state senate in 1841 and 1842; delegate to the state constitutional con- vention ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4. 1851-March 3, 1853) ; re- elected to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1861) ; lieutenant governor of Ohio in 1862; moved to Wheeling, W. Va., and resumed the practice of law ; died in Wheeling, W. Va., June 2, 1872. Stanton, Frederick Perry, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Alexandria, Va., De- cember 22, 1814 ; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Columbian college, Wash- ington, D. C., in 1833 ; taught school ; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Memphis, Tenn. ; elected to the Twenty-ninth and to the succeeding four Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1855) ; governor of Kansas territory 1858-1861 ; moved to Virginia and sub- sequently settled in Florida; died near Ocala, Fla., June 4, 1894. Stanton, Joseph, a Representative and Sena- tor from Rhode Island ; born in Charlestown, R. I., July 19, 1739 ; served in the expedition against Canada in 1759; member of the general assembly of Rhode Island 1768-1774 ; served as colonel in the Revolutionary army; delegate to the constitutional convention in 1790; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from June 7, 1790, to March 3, 1793; BIOGRAPHIES. 1021 again a member of the state assembly 1794-1800 ; elected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1S07) ; died in Charlestown, R. L, in 1807. Stanton, Richard Henry, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Alexandria, Va., Sep- tember 9, 1812; completed preparatory studies; attended Alexandria academy; studied law, ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Mays- ville, Ky. ; postmaster at Maysville ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1849- March 3, 1855) ; presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1856; state attorney for his judicial district in 1858; delegate to the Demo- cratic national convention at New York in 1868; elected district judge 1868-1874; died in Maysville, Ky., November 10, 1891. Stanton, William H., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; a resident of Scranton, Pa. ; elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Winthrop W. Ketchum, and served from December 4, 1876, to March 3, 1877. Starin, John Henry, a Representative from New York ; born in Sammonsville, Fulton county (then a part of Montgomery county), August 27, 1825; pursued an academic course; commenced the study of medicine in 1842 ; estab- lished and conducted the drug and medicine business in Fultonville from 1845 to 1858; postmaster at Fultonville, N. Y., 1848-1852; largely engaged in the transportation business through the city, river and harbor, and waters of Long Island Sound; director of the North River Bank, New York City, and the Mohawk River National Bank; interested in agriculture and stock raising; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881) ; engaged in railroading ; member of the New York City rapid transit commission; died in New York City, March 22, 1909. Stark, Benjamin, a Delegate from Oregon; born in New Orleans, La., June 26, 1820; pur- sued classical studies; was graduated from the Union school, New London, Conn., in 1835; mer- chant ; moved to Oregon in 1845 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1850; member of the territorial house of representatives in 1851 ; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1860; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Edward D. Baker and served from October 29, 1861, to September 12, 1862; dele- gate from Oregon to the Democratic national convention in 1864 ; moved to Connecticut ; dele- gate from Connecticut to the Democratic na- tional convention at New York City in 1868 ; died in New London, Conn., October 10, 1898. Stark, William Ledyard, a Representative from Nebraska ; born in Mystic, New London county, Conn., July 29, 1853; was graduated from the Mystic Valley institute, in Mystic, Conn., in 1872 ; afterwards went to Wyoming, Stark county, 111. ; taught school and clerked in a store; attended the Union college of law, Chi- cago, 111.; admitted to the bar by the supreme court of Illinois in January, 1878; moved to Aurora, Nebr., in February, 1878; superintend- ent of the city schools ; deputy district attorney ; judge of the county court of Hamilton county, Nebr. ; declined further nomination ; served as major and judge advocate general of the Ne- braska national guard; elected to the Fifty- fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1903), being the can- didate of the People's, Independent, Democratic, and Silver Republican parties; retired and a resident of Aurora, Nebr. Starkweather, David Austin, a Representa- tive from Ohio; born in Preston, Conn., January 21, 1802 ; received an academic education ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Canton, Ohio; judge of one of the higher courts in Stark county, Ohio; member of the state house of representatives 1833-1835 ; served in the state senate 1836-1838; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841) ; resumed the practice of law in Cleveland, Ohio ; reelected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, .1845- March 3, 1847) ; defeated for reelection to the Thirtieth Congress; presidential elector on the Cass and Butler ticket in 1848; United States minister to Chile 1854-1857; died in Cleveland, Ohio, July 12, 1876. Starkweather, George Anson, a Representa- tive from New York ; born in Preston, Conn., May 19, 1794 ; attended the common schools, and was graduated from Union college, New York, in 1819 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Cooperstown, N. Y. ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; resumed the practice of law in Milwaukee, Wis. ; died in Cooperstown, N. Y., October 15, 1879. Starkweather, Henry Howard, a Repre- sentative from Connecticut ; born in Preston, Conn., April 29, 1826 ; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Norwich, Conn. ; member of the state legislature in 1856 ; delegate to the Repub- lican national conventions of 1860 and 1868 ; postmaster of Norwich, Conn. ; elected as a Re- publican to the Fortieth, and to the four suc- ceeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1867, until his death in Washington, D. C., Janu- ary 28, 1876. Starr, John Farson, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 25, 1818; completed preparatory studies; moved to Camden, N. J., in 1844; merchant; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1867) ; died in Atlantic City, N. J., August 9, 1904. Stearns, Asahel, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Lunenburg, Mass., June 17, 1774; was graduated from Harvard college in 1797; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Chelmsford, Mass. ; elected to the state senate to fill a vacancy February 4, 1813; moved to Charleston, Mass., in 1815; elected as a Federalist to the Fourteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817) ; member of the state house of representatives 1817 ; pro- fessor of law at Harvard college 1817-1829; again a member of the state senate 1830-1831; died in Cambridge, Mass., February 5, 1839. Stearns, Ozora Pierson, a Senator from Min- nesota ; born in Dekalb, Lawrence county, N. Y., January 15, 1831; attended Oberliu college and 1022 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1858 and from the law department of that university in 1860; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Rochester, Minn. ; elected attorney for Olmstead county in 1861 ; served in the Union army during the Civil war as a lieu- tenant in the ninth Minnesota infantry and as colonel of the thirty-inth United States colored troops; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Daniel S. Norton, and served from January 18, 1871, to March 3, 1871; died in California June 2, 1896. Stebbins, Henry G., a Representative from New York; born in New York in 1812; com- pleted preparatory studies ; engaged in banking : elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Con- gress, serving from March 4, 1863, until his resignation October 24, 1864. Stedman, William, a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Cambridge, Mass., Janu- ary 21, 1765; was graduated from Harvard col- lege in 1784; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1787 began practice; held several local offices ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1802 ; elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses and served from March 4, 1803, until his resignation, July 16, 1810; died in Newburyport, Mass., August 31, 1831. Steele, George Washington, a Representative from Indiana ; born in Fayette county, Ind., De- cember 13, 1839; attended the common schools and the Ohio Western university, in Delaware, Ohio; read law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Hartford City, Ind. ; enlisted in the eighth Indiana regiment, but could not be mus- tered into this regiment on account of excess in numbers; mustered into the twelfth Indiana on May 2, 1861, and served in this regiment and the one hundred and first Indiana until the close of the war the first year in the Army of the Potomac, the latter three in the Army of the Cumberland, and with Sherman to the sea ; mus- tered out as lieutenant-colonel in July, 1865; commissioned and served in the fourteenth United States infantry from February 23, 1866, to February 1, 1876; resigned and engaged in farming and pork packing until 1882; declined the appointment as director of the Union Pacific Railroad; first governor of Oklahoma, and re- signed after serving twenty mouths ; elected to the Forty-seventh and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1889) ; re- elected to the Fifty-fourth and to the three suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1903; elected governor of the National Military Home, in Maxion, Ind., in 1903. Steele, John, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Salisbury, N. C., November 1, 1764 ; completed preparatory studies ; became a farmer ; member of the state house of commons in 1787-1788, 1794-1795, 1806, 1811, and 1813; elected as a Federalist to the First and Second Congresses ( March 4, 1789-March 3, 1793); ap- pointed Comptroller of the Treasury July 1, 1796; reappointed by President John Adams and resigned December 15, 1802 ; again elected to the state house of commons and died the same day, August 14, 1815, in Salisbury, N. C. Steele, John B., a Representative from New York; born in Delhi, N. Y., March 28, 1814; was graduated from Williams college, Massa- chusetts; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Cooperstown, N. Y. ; district attorney for Otsego county ; moved to Kingston ; judge of Ulster county ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4. 1861-March 3, 1865) ; died in Kingston. N. Y., September 24, 1866. Steele, John Nevett, a Representative from Maryland ; born in Weston, Dorchester county, Md., February 22, 1796; resided in Vienna^ com- pleted preparatory studies; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Littleton P. Dennis; re- elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress and served from June 9, 1834, to March 3, 1837 ; de- feated as the Whig candidate for governor of Maryland in 1838; died in Cambridge, Md., August 13, 1853. Steele, Walter Leak, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Steeles Mills (now Littles Mills), Richmond county, N. C., April 18, 1823; attended Randolph-Macon college, Wake Forest college, and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1844 ; mem- ber of the state house of commons in 1846, 1848. 1850, and 1854 ; served in the state senate in 1852 and 1858; delegate to the Democratic na- tional conventions in Charleston aud Baltimore in 1860; secretary of the state convention of 1861, which passed the ordinance of secession; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881 ) ; after leaving Congress engaged in cot- ton manufacturing; died in Baltimore, Md., October 16, 1891; interment in Rockingham, N. C. Steele, William Gaston, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Somerville, Somerset county, N. J., December 17, 1820; pursued an academic course ; banker ; elected to the Thirty- seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1865) ; died in Somerville, Somer- set county, N. J., April 22, 1892. Steele, William Randolph, a Delegate from Wyoming ; born in New York City July 24, 1842 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced ; served in the Union army ; moved to Wyoming territory ; elected a member of the legislative council in 1871 and resigned in 1873; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877) ; died in Deadwood, S. Dak., November 30, 1901. Steenerson, Halvor, a Representative from Minnesota ; born in Dane county, Wis., June 30, 1852 ; moved with his parents to Houston county, Minn. ; attended the common schools and the high school in Rushford, Minn. ; studied law at Union College of Law, Chicago, was admitted to the bar in 1878 and commenced practice; moved to Crookston, Minn., in April, 1880; county attorney 1880-1882; member of the state senate in 1883 and 1885; delegate to the Re- publican national conventions in Chicago in 1884 and 1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty- first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Steenrod, Lewis, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Ohio comity, Va. (now West Vir- BIOGRAPHIES. 1023 giuia), May 27, 1810; attended the common schools; elected to the Twenty-sixth, Twenty- seventh ,and Twenty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1845) ; died near Wheeling, Ohio county, W. Va., October 3, 1862. Stenger, William Shearer, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in London, Pa., Febru- ary 13. 1840 ; was graduated from Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pa., in 1858; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1860 began practice in Charnbersburg, Pa. ; district attorney of Franklin county 1862-1871 ; .elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879; secretary to the commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 1883-1887 ; resumed the practice of law in Phila- delphia, Pa. Stephens, Abraham F., a Representative from New York; born near New City, Rockland county, N. Y., February 18, 1796 ; justice of the peace; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853) ; died in Nyack, N. Y., November 25, 1859. Stephens, Alexander Hamilton, a Representa- tive from Georgia; born near Crawfordsville, Taliaferro county, Ga., February 11, 1812; at- tended the common schools and was graduated from the University of Georgia, in Athens, in 1832; taught school eighteen months; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Crawfords- ville in 1834 ; member of the state house of rep- resentatives 1836-1840; member of the state senate in 1842; elected to the secession conven- tion of Georgia in 1861 ; elected by that conven- tion to the Confederate Congress at Montgomery, Ala., February 4, 1861, and chosen vice presi- dent under the provisional government by that Congress; elected vice president of the Confed- eracy ; one of the commissioners on the part of the Confederacy at the Hampton Roads confer- ence in February, 1865; elected to the Twenty- eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Mark A. Cooper ; reelected to the Twenty-ninth, and to the six succeeding Con- gresses and served from December 4, 1843, to March 3, 1859; elected to the United States Senate in 1866 by the first legislature convened under the new constitution, but was not allowed to take his seat ; elected to the Forty-third Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Ambrose R. Wright; reelected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses and served from De- cember 1, 1873, until his resignation, November 4, 1882; elected governor of Georgia in 1882; died in Atlanta, Ga., March 4, 1883. Stephens, John Hall, a Representative from Texas; born in Shelby county, Tex.; attended the common schools in Mansfield, Tarrant county, Tex., and was graduated from the law department of Cumberland University, Lebanon, Tenn., in June, 1872 ; admitted to the bar, and practiced in Montague, Montague county, and Vernon, Wilbarger county, Tex. ; member of the state senate in 1889-1892; resumed the practice of law in Vernon, Tex. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1913). Re- elected to the Sixty-second Congress. Stephens, Philander, a Representative from 'Pennsylvania; born in Montrose, Pa., in 1788; received a limited education ; elected as a Jack- son Democrat to the Twenty-first and Twenty- second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833) ; died in Springfield, Pa., July 8, 1842. Stephenson, Benjamin, a Delegate from Illi- nois; a native of Kentucky; in 1809 moved to Illinois and located in Randolph county; held several local offices ; served in the war of 1812 ; elected to the Thirteenth Congress, to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of Shadrack Bond ; reelected to the Fourteenth Congress and served from November 14, 1814, to March 3, 1817. Stephenson, Isaac, a Representative and a Senator from Wisconsin ; born near Fredericton, York county, New Brunswick, June 18, 1829; attended the common schools; lumberman, farmer, and banker; moved to Milwaukee, Wis., in 1845, and engaged in the lumber trade in Escanaba, Mich. ; moved to Marinette in 1858 ; held various local offices; member of the Wis- consin legislature in 1866 and 1868 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889) ; resumed the lumber business in Mari- nette, Wis. ; elected to the United States Senate May 17, 1907, to fill vacancy caused by the resig- nation of John C. Spooner ; reelected for the term expiring March 3, 1915. Stephenson, James, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Gettysburg, Pa., March 20, 1764: moved to Martinsburg, Va. (now West Virginia) ; volunteer rifleman under General St. Clair in his Indian expedition in 1791 ; brigade inspector ; member of the state assembly in 1800, 1801, and 1802; elected as a Federalist to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805) ; reelected to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811 ) ; again elected to the Sev- enteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Thomas Van Swearingeu ; reelected to the Eighteenth Congress, and served from De- cember 2, 1822, until March 3, 1825; died in Martinsburg, W. Va., August 7, 1833. Stephenson, Samuel Merritt, a Representa- tive from Michigan; born in Hartland, Carltou county, New Brunswick, December 23, 1831 ; moved with his parents to Maine; moved to Delta county, Mich., in 1846 and engaged in lumbering ; moved to Menoniinee, Mich., in 1858 ; largely interested in real estate, lumbering, gen- eral merchandising, and farming; chairman of the board of supervisors of Menoniinee county for several years ; member of the state house of representatives 1877-1878; elected to the state senate 1879-1880, and 1885-1886; Republican presidential elector in 1880; delegate in the Re- publican national conventions of 1884 and 1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first, Fifty- second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1897) ; died in Me- nominee, Mich., July 31, 1907. Sterigere, John B., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Upper Dublin, Pa.; moved to Morristown ; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twentieth and Twenty- first Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831). Sterling, Ansel, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Lyiue, Conn., February 3, 1782; resided in Sharon; elected to the Seven- teenth and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1024 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1821-March 3, 1825) ; died in Sharon, Conn., November 6, 1S53. Sterling 1 , John Allen, a Representative from Illinois; born near Leroy, 111., February 1, 1857; attended the public schools, and was graduated from the Illinois western university in 1881 ; superintendent of the public schools of Lexing- ton, 111., 1881-1883 ; was admitted to the bar in December, 1884, and commenced practice in Bloomington ; state's attorney of McLean county 1892-1896 ; member of the Republican state cen- tral committee of Illinois 1896-1898; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Sterling, Micah, a Representative from New York ; born in Lyme, Conn., November 5, 1784 ; was graduated from Yale College in 1804 ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Adams, Conn. ; moved to Watertown. N. Y. ; held several local offices ; elected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823) ; died in Watertown, N. Y., April 10, 1844. Sterrett, Samuel, a Representative from Maryland ; born in that state in 1756 ; completed preparatory studies, studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Baltimore, Md. ; held several local offices; elected to the Second Congress (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1793) ; died in Baltimore, Md., July 12, 1833. Stetson, Charles, a Representative from Maine; born in New Ipswich, N. H., November 2, 1801 ; moved with his parents to Hampden, Me., in 1802 ; attended Hampden academy and was graduated from Yale college in 1823 ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Hampden in 1826 ; held a number of local offices ; moved to Bangor, Me., in 1833 ; judge of the Bangor municipal court 1834-1839 ; member of the state executive council 1845- 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851) ; died in Bangor, Me., March 27, 1883. Stetson, Lemuel, a Representative from New York; a native of that state; completed prepara- tory studies, studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Keeseville; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress ( March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; judge of Clinton county 1847-1851 ; again a member of the state house of representatives. Stevens, Aaron Fletcher, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Derry, N. H., August 9, 1819 ; completed preparatory studies, studied law, and was admitted to the bar ; served four terms in the state legislature; held several local offices; served in the Union army as major of the first New Hampshire volunteer infantry and brigadier-general by brevet ; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871) ; again elected to the state legislature and served several terms; died in Nashua, N. H., May 10, 1887. Stevens, Bradford Newcomb, a Representa- tive from Illinois; born in Boscawen, N. H., January 3, 1813 ; was graduated from Dartmouth College in 1835 ; taught school six years ; moved to Bureau county, 111., in 1846 ; merchant and a farmer ; held several county offices ; elected as an independent Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) ; died in Tiskilna, 111., November 10, 1885. Stevens, Charles Abbot, a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Andover, Mass., Au- gust 9, 1816; manufacturer of flannels and broadcloths in Ware, Mass. ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alvah Crocker and served from January 27, 1875, to March 3, 1875 ; 'died August 5, 1892. Stevens, Frederick Clement, a Representative from Minnesota ; born in Boston, Mass., Janu- ary 1, 1861 ; attended the common schools of Rockland, Me., and was graduated from Bow- doin college, Brunswick, Me., in 1881, and from the law school of the University of Iowa in 1884 ; was admitted to the bar in 1884 and com- menced practice in St. Paul, Minn. ; member of the state house of representatives, 1888-1889 and 1890-1891; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Stevens, Hester Lockhart, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Lima, Livingston county, N. Y., October 1, 1803; completed pre- paratory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Rochester, N. Y. ; major-general of militia of western New York ; moved to Pontiac, Mich. ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853- March 3, 1855) ; resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C. ; died in Georgetown, D. C., May 7, 1864. Stevens, Hiram S., a Delegate from Arizona ; born in Weston, Vt, in 1832 ; received a lim- ited education; located in that part of New Mexico now Arizona in 1856; member of the territorial legislature of Arizona 1868-1873 ; elected as an Independent to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875- March 3, 1879). Stevens, Isaac Ing-alls, a Delegate from Washington Territory; born in Andover, Mass., March 25, 1818; was graduated from West Point in 1839; entered the Corps of Engineers; served on the staff of General Scott in Mexico ; an assistant in the Coast Survey; governor of Washington territory 1853-1857; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861) ; entered the Union army as a colonel of the seventy -ninth New York Highlanders; ap- pointed brigadier-general, major-general, and commanded a division ; killed at the battle of Chantilly, Va., September 1, 1862. Stevens, James, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Fail-field, Conn., in 1768; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821) ; post- master at Stamford, Conn., in 1822; died in Stamford, Conn., April 16, 1835. Stevens, John, a Delegate from New Jersey ; born in New York City about 1708; studied law, was admitted to the bar, -and practiced; commissioner to define boundary line between New York and New Jersey ; vice president of the council of New Jersey, 1776-1782; elected BIOGRAPHIES. 1025 to the Continental Congress in 1784 ; presided over the state constitutional convention, De- cember 18, 1787 ; died in May, 1792. Stevens, Moses Tyler, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in North Andover, Essex county, Mass., October 10, 1825; was graduated from Phillips academy, Andover, in 1842 ; at- tended Dartmouth college and left that insti- tution in 1843 to learn business of manu- facturing woolen goods, and engaged in that business in North Andover ; member of the state house of representatives in 1861 ; served in the state senate in 1868 ; president of An- dover National Bank ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895) ; died in North Andover, Mass., March 25, 1907. Stevens, Eobert Smith, a Representative from New York ; born in Attica, Wyoming county, N. Y., March 27, 1824; pursued an academic course; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1856; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885) ; after the expiration of his term in Con- gress retired from public life on account of ill health ; died in Attica, N. Y., February 23, 1893. Stevens, Thaddeus, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Danville, Vt., April 4, 1793 ; attended Peacham academy and the uni- versity of Vermont, and was graduated from Dartmouth college; moved to Pennsylvania in 1814 ; studied law, admitted to the bar, and be- gan practice in Gettysburg; member of the state house of representatives 1833-1835, 1837, and 1841 ; member of the state constitutional con- vention in 1838 ; appointed a canal commissioner in 3838; moved to Lancaster, Pa., in 1842; elect- ed as a Whig to the Thirty-first and Thirty- second Congresses (March 4. 1849-March 3, 1853) ; reelected to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-sev- enth, Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1859, un- til his death ; chairman of the managers on the part of the House of Representatives in the im- peachment trial of President Andrew Johnson ; died in Washington, D. C., August 11, 1868; interment in Lancaster, Pa. Stevenson, Adlai Ewing-, a Representative from Illinois; born in Christian county, Ky., October 23, 1835 ; moved with his parents to Bloomington, 111., in 1852; attended the Illinois Wesleytt n university and Centre college, Ken- tucky ; was admitted to the bar in 1858 ; master in chancery 1860-1864; district attorney 1865- 1868 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3. 1877) ; re- elected to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881) ; delegate to the national Democratic conventions 1884 and 1892; First Assistant Postmaster General 1885-1889; Vice- President of the United States 1893-1897 ; mem- ber of the commission to Europe to try to secure international bimetallism in 1897; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1900 and for governor of Illi- nois in 1908 ; retired and a resident of Blooming- ton, 111. Stevenson, Andrew, a Representative from Virginia; born in Culpeper county, Va., in 1784: pursued classical studies ; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Richmond, Va. ; member of the state house of representatives 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 65 1804-1820; speaker of the house of representa- tives several years; elected as a Democrat to the Eighteenth and to the five succeeding Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1823, until his resignation, June 2. 1834 ; served as Speaker of the National House of Representatives 1827- 1834 ; minister to Great Britain 1836-1841 ; died at his home, " Blenheim," hi Albernarle county, Va., January 25, 1857. Stevenson, James S., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in York county, Pa. ; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced; held several local offices ; elected to the Nineteenth and Twen- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829) ; died in Pittsburgh, Pa., October 17, 1831. Stevenson, Job Evans, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Ross county, Ohio, February 10, 1832 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; member of the state senate 1863-1865; moved to Cincin- nati, Ohio, in 1865; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873); resumed the practice of law in Cincinnati, Ohio ; retired from the practice of his profession and resides in Lexington, Ky. Stevenson, John White, a Representative and a Senator from Kentucky ; born in Richmond, Va., May 14, 1812; attended Hampden-Sydney academy and was graduated from the Univer- sity of Virginia in 1832; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Covington, Ky., in 1841 ; county attorney ; member of the state legislature 1845-1847 ; member of the Kentucky constitutional convention of 1849 ; delegate to the Democratic national conventions of 1848, 1852, and 1856 ; Democratic presidential elector in 1852 and 1856; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861; elected lieutenant- governor of Kentucky in 1867 ; elected governor in 1868; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877 ; chairman of the Democratic na- tional convention at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1880; died in Covington, Ky., August 10, 1886. Steward, Lewis, a Representatives from Illi- nois ; born in Wayne county, Pa., November 20, 1824 ; attended the common schools ; moved with his parents in 1838 to Kendall county, 111. ; stud- ied law and was admitted to the bar ; engaged in farming and manufacturing ; Democratic can- didate for governor in 1876 ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893) ; died in Piano, 111., August 27, 1896. Stewart, Alexander, a Representative from Wisconsin ; born in Frederic-ton, York county, New Brunswick, September 12, 1829 ; attended the common schools; moved to Marathon county in 1849 and settled where the city of Wausau is now located, and engaged in the lumber busi- ness; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1901) ; died in Wash- ington, D. C., May 24, 1912. Stewart, Andrew, a Representative from Pennsylvania : born in Fayette county, Pa., June 11, 1791; received a good schooling; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1815, and began prac- 1026 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tice in Uuiontown, Pa.; United States attorney for the western district of Pennsylvania ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives ; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses ( March 4, 1821-March 3, 1829) ; reelected to the Twenty- second and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835); defeated for reelection; again elected to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty- ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843- March 3, 1849) ; died in Uniontown, Pa., July 16, 1872. Stewart, Andrew, jr., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Uniontown, Fayette county, Pa., April 6, 1836; attended Sewickley Academy and Madison College ; studied medicine and attended Jefferson Medical College, Phila- delphia, Pa. ; enlisted as a private in the eighty- fifth Pennsylvania volunteer regiment and served as first lieutenant; regimental adjutant, December 1, 1861 ; captain, assistant adjutant- general, September 1, 1862 ; breveted major of volunteers for gallant service at Plymouth, N. C., and lieutenant-colonel of Volunteers October 25, 1865, for meritorious service during the war; honorably mustered out February 2, 1866; was confined in Libby, Macon, Charleston, Columbia, and other southern prisons for over a year; delegate to the Republican national convention in Cincinnati; presented credentials as a Re- publican Member-elect to the Fifty-second Con- gress and served from March 4, 1891, until February 26, 1892, when he was succeeded by Alexander K. Craig, who contested his election. Stewart, Archibald, a Delegate from New Jersey; elected to the Continental Congress 1784-1785. Stewart, Charles, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Memphis, Tenn., May 30, 1836; attended the common schools ; studied law, ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Houston, Tex. ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty- second Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1893) ; after his retirement from Congress re- sumed the practice of law; died September 21, 1895. Stewart, David, a Senator from Maryland ; born in Baltimore, Md., September 13, 1800; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; ap- pointed to the United States Senate to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of Reverdy Johnson, and served from December 6, 1849, to January 14, 1850; died in Baltimore, Md., January 5, 1858. Stewart, Jacob Henry, a Representative from Minnesota; born in Clermont, N. Y., Janu- ary 15, 1829 ; moved with his parents to Peeks- kill, N. Y. ; attended the common schools ; stud- ied medicine and was graduated from the Uni- versity Medical College of New York City; moved to St. Paul, Minn., in 1855 ; member of the state senate 1858-1859; surgeon in the Union army; captured at the first battle of Bull Run, paroled, and allowed to care for wounded at Sudley Church hospital; mayor of St. Paul in 1864, 1868, 1872-1874; postmaster at St. Paul 1865-1870; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877- March 3, 1879) ; died in St. Paul, Minn., Au- gust 25, 1884. Stewart, James, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in that state in 1770 ; attended the common schools; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819) ; died February 3, 1842. Stewart, James Augustus, a Representative from Maryland ; born in Dorchester county, Md., November 24, 1808; completed prepara- tory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Cambridge, Md. ; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses ( March 4, 1855-March 3, 1861) ; member of the court of appeals of Maryland ; chief justice of the circuit court of appeals from 1867 until his death; died in Cambridge, Md., April 3, 1879. Stewart, James Fleming, a Representative from New York ; born in Paterson, N. J., June 15, 1851 ; attended public and private schools in Paterson and was graduated from the Uni- versity of the City of New York in 1870; ad- mitted to the bar and practiced in New York City until 1875; three times appointed recorder of Paterson, N. J. (the criminal magistrate of the city) ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1903) ; resumed the practice of law in Paterson, N. J., and died there January 21, 1904. Stewart, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; elected to the Sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Thomas Hartly ; reelected to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses and served from February 3, 1801, to March 3, 1805. Stewart, John, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Chatham, Conn., February 10, 1795 ; completed preparatory studies ; farmer ; studied law and was admitted to the bar ; mem- ber of the state legislature ; judge of the county court ; elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; died in Chat- ham, Conn., September 16, 1860. Stewart, John David, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Fayette county, Ga., August 2, 1833 ; attended the common schools and Mar- shall college; taught school two years in Griffin ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1856; elected probate judge and served as such five years; lieutenant and captain in the thirteenth Georgia regiment during the civil war ; member of the Georgia legislature 1865-1867; ordained a minister of the Baptist Church in 1871; mayor of Griffin, Ga., 1875- 1876; judge of the superior court from Novem- ber 7, 1879, until January 1, 1886; resigned to become a candidate for Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891) ; died in Griffin, Ga., January 28, 1894. Stewart, John Knox, a Representative from New York ; born in Perth, Fulton county, N. Y., October 20, 1853; moved with his parents to Amsterdam ; attended the public schools and Amsterdam Academy ; sewer commissioner of the city ; for a long time a director of the Farmers' National Bank of Amsterdam and the Chuctanunda Gas Light Company ; also vice president of the Amsterdam Board of Trade; member of the state assembly 1889 ; elected as a BIOGEAPHIES. 1027 Republican to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903). Stewart, John Wolcott, a Representative and a Senator from Vermont ; born in Middlebury, Vt.. November 24, 1825 ; was graduated from Mid- dlebury college in 1846 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1850; prosecuting attor- ney of the county three years; member of the state house of representatives eight years and speaker of the house four years; member of the state senate two years; governor of Vermont, 1870-1872 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty- eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1891) ; ap- pointed to the United States Senate March 24, 1908, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Red- field Proctor, and served from March 24, 1908, until October 21, 1908; retired and resides in Middlebury, Vt. Stewart, Thomas Elliott, a Representative from New York ; born in New York City, Sep- tember 22, 1824; completed preparatory studies, studied law, and was admitted to the bar; held several local offices; member of the board of education ; Park commissioner ; member of the state assembly in 1865 and 1866; elected to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869) ; died in New York City, January 9, 1904; interment in New Milford, Conn. Stewart, William, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Mercer. Pa., September 16, 1811 ; was graduated from Jefferson college ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Mercer, Pa. ; member of the state senate for three years ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861) ; died in Mercer, Pa., October 17, 1876. Stewart, William Morris, a Senator from Nevada ; born in Lyons, Wayne county, N. Y., August 9, 1827 ; moved with his parents to Me- sopotamia township, Trumbull county, Ohio ; at- tended Lyons union school and Farmington academy ; teacher of mathematics in the former school ; attended Yale college, 1849-1850 ; moved to San Francisco, Cal., in May, 1850; engaged in mining in Nevada county; studied law and was admitted to the bar ; district attorney in 1852 ; attorney general of California in 1854 ; moved to Virginia City, Nev., in 1860 ; engaged in early mining litigation and in the development of the Comstock lode; member of the territorial council in 1861 ; member of the constitutional convention in 1863 ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1864 ; reelected in 1869 and served from December 15, 1864, to March 3, 1875 ; resumed the practice of law in Nevada, California, and the Pacific coast gen- erally; reelected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1887, 1893, and 1899, and served from March 4, 1887, to March 3, 1905; declined further election ; died in Washington, D. C., April 23, 1909. Stiles, John Dodson, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Luzerne county, Pa., Janu- ary 15, 1823; completed preparatory studies, studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1844 commenced practice; held several local offices ; delegate to the national Republican con- vention in 1856, to the Philadelphia national Union convention in 1866, and the Democratic national convention in 1868; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-seventh Congress, to fill va- cancy caused by the death of Thomas B. Cooper ; reelected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and served from June 3, 1862, to March 3, 1865; again elected to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; died in Allentown, Pa., in October, 1896. Stiles, William H., a Representative from Georgia ; born in Savannah, Ga., in January, 1808; completed preparatory studies, studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Savannah; solicitor general for the eastern dis- trict of Georgia 1833-1836; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty -eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; charge d'affaires to Aus- tria 1845-1849 ; served -in the Confederate army as colonel ; died in Savannah, Ga., December 20, 1865. Stillwell, Thomas N., a Representative from Indiana; born in Stillwell, Ohio, August 29, 1830; received a thorough English education; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Anderson, Ind. ; member of the state legislature in 1836 ; served in the Union army ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867) ; minister resident to Venezuela 1867-1868 ; died in Ander- son, Ind., January 14, 1874. Stivers, Moses Dunning, a Representative from New York ; born near Beemerville, Sussex county, N. J., December 30, 1828; attended Mount Retirement seminary, in Wantage, Sus- sex county, N. J. ; taught school ; engaged in mercantile pursuits for seven years; county clerk of Orange county 1864-1867; collector of United States internal revenue for the eleventh district of New York ; proprietor of the Orange county Press in 1868 ; also one of the proprietors and editors of the Middletown Daily Press; delegate to the national Republican convention in 1880; president of the New York State Press Association in 1887; trustee and secretary of the Middletown Savings Bank; director of the Merchants and Manufacturers' National Bank of Middletown ; unsuccessful Republican candi- date for Congress in 1884; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1891) ; died in Middletown, N. Y., February 2, 1895. Stockbridge, Francis Brown, a Senator from Michigan; born in Bath, Me., April 9, 1826; at- tended the common schools ; clerk in a wholesale house in Boston 1843-1847; moved to Chicago and opened a lumber yard ; interested in saw- mills in Saugatuck, Mich., in 1851 ; moved to Kalamazoo, Mich., in 1863; elected to the state legislature In 1869; member of the state senate in 1871; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1887; reelected in 1893, and served from March 4, 1887, until his death in Chicago, 111., April 30, 1894. Stockbridge, Henry, jr., a Representative from Maryland ; born in Baltimore, Md., Sep- tember 18, 1856; attended Williston seminary, Easthampton, Mass., and was graduated from Amherst college in 1877 ; was graduated from the law school of the University of Maryland in 1878, and was admitted to the bar in April, 1887 ; engaged on the editorial staff of the Baltimore American ; in December. 1882, appointed an ex- aminer in equity by the supreme bench of Balti- more; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first 1028 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891) ; ap- pointed United States commissioner of immigra- tion port of Baltimore in 1891 ; resigned in 1893 ; elected judge of the supreme court of Baltimore in November, 1S96; appointed judge of the Maryland court of appeals in April, 1911, and elected to the position in November, 1911; a resident of Baltimore, Md. Stockdale, Thomas Ringland, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania ; born in Greene county, Pa., March 28, 1828 ; was graduated from Jeffer- son college in 1856, and from the university of Mississippi in 1859 ; settled in Pike county, Miss., in 1857 and taught school; admitted to the bar and practiced in Woodville, Miss., 1859-1861; enlisted in the civil war as a private in the six- teenth Mississippi infantry in 1861 ; elected suc- cessively lieutenant, adjutant, and major of that regiment ; elected major of Stoekdale's battalion of cavalry in 1863, and commanded the outposts of the army at Port Hudson till it was invested ; made lieutenant colonel of the fourth Mississippi cavalry in 1864 ; at the close of the war resumed the practice of law in Summit, Miss. ; delegate to the national Democratic convention in 1868 ; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1872 and 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1895) ; ap- pointed judge of the supreme court of Mississippi December 1, 1896 ; died in Summit, Miss., Janu- ary 8, 1899. Stockslager, Strother Madison, a Represent- ative from Indiana ; born in Mauckport, Har- rison county, Ind., May 7, 1842; attended the common schools, Corydou High School, and the State University in Blooniington ; taught school ; served in the Union army during the civil war as second lieutenant and captain in the thirteenth Indiana cavalry; deputy county au- ditor two years ; deputy county clerk two years ; appointed by Andrew Johnson as assessor of internal revenue; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Corydon in 1871 and practiced; editor of the Corydon Democrat ; member of the state senate 1874-1878; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1885) ; as- sistant commissioner of the General Land Office in 1884; appointed Commissioner of the Gen- eral Land Office; resigned March 4, 1889, but remained in charge until June 20, 1889; re- sumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C. ; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Con- gress in 1894 ; resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C. Stockton, John Potter, a Senator from New Jersey; born in Princeton, N. J., August 2, 1826 ; was graduated from Princeton college in 1843; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1849 ; state reporter to the court of chancery ; United States minister to Rome, Italy, 1857-1861 ; presented credentials as a Democratic Senator-elect to the United States Senate, and took his seat December 4, 1865, but on March 27, 1866, the Senate de- clared the seat vacant ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1875; attorney-gen- eral of New Jersey 1877-1892; delegate to all the Democratic national conventions from 1864 until his death ; died in New York City, January 22, 1900. Stockton, Richard, a Delegate from New Jersey ; born in " Morven," near Princeton, Somerset county, N. J., October 1, 1730; at- tended West Nottingham academy and was graduated in the first class from Princeton college in 1748 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in August, 1754 and commenced practice in Princeton, N. J. ; member of the provincial council of New Jersey 1768-1774 ; judge of the provincial supreme court ; elected to the Continental Congress 1776-1777; was a signer of the Declaration of Independence ; un- successful candidate for governor of New Jersey in 1776 ; elected, but declined the position of chief justice of the supreme court in 1776 ; died at " Morveii,"- near Princeton, N. J., February 28, 1781. Stockton, Richard, a Senator and a Repre- sentative from New Jersey ; born in Princeton, N. J., April 17, 1764 ; was graduated from Princeton college in 1779 ; studied law, ad- mitted to the bar in 1784, and commenced prac- tice in Princeton, N. J. ; presidential elector on the Washington and Adams ticket in 1792; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Frederick Freliughuysen and served from November 12, 1796 to March 3, 1799; declined a reelection ; again presidential elector in 1801 on the Adams and Pinckney ticket ; candidate for governor of New Jersey in 1801 ; member of the state legislature 1813-1815; elected to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815) ; declined a reelection; died at "Morven," near Princeton, N. J., March 7, 1828. Stockton, Robert Field, a Senator from New Jersey ; born in Princeton, N. J., August 20, 1795 ; attended Princeton college ; entered the United States Navy in 1811 and attained the rank of commodore; sent to the Pacific coast in October, 1845 ; conquered California in 1846 ; returned home and resigned his commission May 28, 1850 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1851, until his resignation, January 10, 1853; president of the Delaware and Raritan canal 1853-1866 ; comptroller of New Jersey ; dele- gate to the Peace congress at Washington, D. C., February 13, 1861; died in Princeton, N. J., October 7, 1866. Stoddard, Ebenezer, a Representative from Connecticut; born in West Woodstock, Conn., May 6, 1786 ; was graduated from Brown uni- versity in 1806 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in West Woodstock, Conn.; served several years in the state legisla- ture; elected to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1825) ; lieu- tenant governor of Connecticut in 1837 ; died in Woodstock, Conn., August 11, 1848. Stoddart, John Truman, a Representative from Maryland ; born in Charles county, Md., October 1, 1790; was graduated from Princeton college in 1810; served in the war of 1812; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty- third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835) ; died in Charles county, Md., July 19, 1870. Stokely, Samuel, a Representative from Ohio; born in western Pennsylvania January 25, 1796 ; pursued an academic course in Wash- ington, Pa. ; studied law, was admitted to the BIOGBAPHIES. 1029 bar, and began practice in Steubenville, Ohio, in 1817; United States land receiver 1827-1828; member of the state senate 1837-1838; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843) ; general in the state militia; died in Steubenville, Ohio, May 23, 1861. Stokes, James William, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Orangeburg county, S. C., December 12, 1853; attended the common schools; was graduated from Washing- ton and Lee university, Virginia, in 187G ; taught school for twelve years; was graduated in medicine from Vanderbilt university, Tennes- see; returned to the farm in 1889; president of the State Farmers' Alliance two terms; elected to the state senate in 1890; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Chicago in 1892; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1892 ; unsuccessful Democratic candi- date for Congress in 1892 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses and served from March 4, 1895, until his death in Orangeburg. S. C., July 6, 1901. Stokes, Montfort, a Senator from North Caro- lina ; born in Virginia, March 12, 1762 ; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Turner ; reelected and served from De- cember 4, 1S1G, to March 3, 1823 ; member of the state senate in 1826 ; elected to the state house of representatives in 1829 and 1830 ; governor of North Carolina 1830-1831 ; resigned to super- intend the removal of the Indians west of the Mississippi River; Indian agent for Arkansas territory ; died in Fort Gibson, Ark., November 4, 1842. Stokes, William Brickly, a Representative from Tennessee ; born in Chatham county, N. C., September 9, 1814 ; attended the public school* ; farmer ; served several years in both branches of the legislature; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861 ) ; entered the Union army in 1862 as major of Tenessee volunteers and promoted to colonel and subsequently brevetted major general ; re- elected to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty- first Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1871) ; unsuccessful Republican candidate for the Forty-second Congress; supervisor of internal revenue for Tennessee; resumed the practice of law ; died in Alexandria, Tenn., March 4, 1897. Stone, Alfred Parish, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Worthington, Mass., June 28, 1813 ; merchant in Columbus, Ohio ; elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Herman Allen Moore, and served from December 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845 ; acting treasurer of Ohio in 1856 ; collector of internal revenue for the Columbus district of Ohio in 1862; died in Columbus, Ohio, August 2, 1865. Stone, Charles Warren, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Groton, Mass., June 29, 1843; attended Lawrence academy, Groton, and was graduated from Williams college in 1863; admitted to the bar in 1867 and practiced ; county superintendent of schools of Warren county in 1865; trustee Pennsylvania state col- lege; member of the state house of representa- tives 1870-1871 ; member of the state senate 1877- 1878; lieutenant-governor of Pennsylvania 1879- 1883 ; secretary of the commonwealth from Jan- uary 18, 1887, until his resignation to accept the nomination for Congress; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Lewis F. Watson ; re- elected to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty- fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses arid served from December 1, 1890, to March 3, 1899; un- successful candidate for governor ; died at his home near Warren, Pa., August 15, 1912. Stone, David, a Representative and a Senator from North Carolina ; born in Hope, N. C., Feb- ruary 17, 1770; was graduated from Princeton college in 1788 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1790 began practice; member of the state house of representatives 1791-1794; judge of the supreme court of North Carolina 1 1795-1798; elected as a Democrat to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801) ; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1801, until his resignation about Febru- ary 17, 1807 ; judge of the supreme court of the State; governor of North Carolina 1808-1810;: again elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1813. until his resignation in 1814 ; died in Hope, N. C., October 7, 1818. Stone, Eben Francis, a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Newburyport, Mass., Au- gust 3, 1822 ; attended North Andover academy and was graduated from Harvard university in 1843 and from the law department of the uni- versity in 1846; was admitted to the bar in 1847 and commenced practice in Newburyport, Mass. ; member of the state house of representa- tives ; served in the state senate ; enlisted in the Union army during the civil war and com- manded the forty-eighth regiment of Massachu- setts volunteer militia during its term of service ; mayor of Newburyport in 1867 ; again a member of the state house of representatives 1867-1870 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh, Forty - eighth, and Forty - ninth Congresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1887); after his re- tirement from Congress resumed the practice of law in Newburyport, Mass.. until his death, January 22, 1895. Stone, Frederick, a Representative from Maryland ; born, in Clifton, Va., February 20, 1820; was graduated from St. John's college, in Annapolis, Md. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1841, and commenced practice in Port Tobacco, Md. ; appointed by the legislature as one of the commissioners to revise the rules of pleading and practice in the state courts; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1864- 1865 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1871) ; associate judge of the court of appeals, 1881-1890 ; died near La Plata, Md., October 17, 1899. Stone, James W., a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Taylorsville, Ky., in 1813; at- tended the common schools; studied law; ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twen- ty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; reelected ,to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853) ; died in Tay- lorsville, Ky., October 13, 1854. Stone, John W., a Representative from Michi- gan ; born in Wadsworth, Medina county, Ohio. 1030 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. July 18, 1838; attended public schools and the Spencer, Ohio, academy ; moved to Allegan county, Mich., in 1856, and commenced the study of law in 1859 ; county clerk of Allegan county in 1860; admitted to the bar in January, 1862; reelected county clerk in 1862 ; prosecuting at- torney 18641870; president of Allegan village in 1872; circuit judge of the twentieth judicial circuit of Michigan April, 1873, until his resig- nation November 1, 1874 ; moved to Grand Rap- ids and practiced law ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881) ; appointed United States attorney for the Western Michi- gan district in 1882 ; moved to Hough ton, Mich., in 1887, and engaged in the practice of law ; elected circuit judge, twenty-fifth Michigan cir- cuit, in April, 1890, and served until December 31, 1909; elected justice of the state supreme court in April, 1909, for the term ending De- cember 31, 1917 ; a resident of Lansing, Mich. Stone, Joseph Champlin, a Representative from Iowa; born in Westport, N. Y., July 30. 1829 ; moved to Iowa territory in 1844 ; at- tended the public schools; was graduated from the medical department of the St. Louis uni- versity, Missouri, in 1854 ; enlisted as a private in the Union army and was made adjutant of the first Iowa cavalry ; promoted to captain and assistant adjutant general of volunteers in 1862 ; resumed the practice of medicine; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879) ; died in Burlington, Iowa, December 3, 1902. Stone, Michael Jenifer, a Representative from Maryland ; born in Port Tobacco, Charles county, Md., about 1750 ; completed preparatory studies ; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789- March 3, 1791) ; died in Charles county, Md., in 1812. Stone, Thomas, a Delegate from Maryland; born in Pointon Manor, Charles county. Md., in 1743 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Frederick, Md., in 1764; moved to Charles county, Md., in 1771 ; member of the state sen- ate, 1779-1783; elected to the Continental Con- gress, 1775-1779 and 1784-1785 ; died in Alexan- dria, Va., October 5, 1787. Stone, William, a Representative from Ten- nessee ; born in Delphi. Tenn., January 26, 1791 ; completed preparatory studies ; held several local oflices; was a captain in the Creek War, com- missioned brigadier-general for gallantry in the Battle of the Horse Shoe ; served with General Jackson in the Battle of New Orleans; was pre- sented a cane by Congress for bravery in the Battle of Tippecanoe; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839) ; died in Delphi, Tenn., February 18, 1853. Stone, William Alexis, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Delmar township, Tioga county, Pa., April 18, 1846; attended the state normal school, Mansfield, Tioga county, Pa. : served in the civil war as second lieutenant of company A, one hundred and eighty-seventh Pennsylvania volunteers; after the war, lieu- tenant colonel in the national guard of the state; studied law in Wellsboro, Pa., was admit- ted to the bar in 1870, and practiced in Wells- boro and Pittsburgh, Pa. ; district attorney of Tioga county ; United States attorney for the western district of Pennsylvania ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1891, until his resigna- tion, November 9, 1898 ; governor of Pennsyl- vania, 1899 to 1903 ; resumed the practice of law in Pittsburgh, Pa. Stone, William H., a Representative from Missouri ; born in Schanugunk, N. Y., November 7, 1828 ; completed preparatory studies ; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1848, and became a manu- facturer ; president of the St. Louis Hot Pressed Nut and Bolt Company ; member of the state house of representatives; held several local of- fices; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1877) ; died in 1901. Stone, William Joel, a Representative and a Senator from Missouri ; born in Madison county, Ky., May 17, 1848 ; was graduated from Missouri university ; admitted to the bar in 1869 ; prose- cuting attorney of Vernon county, Mo., 1873- 1874 ; presidential elector on the Tilden and Hendricks ticket in 1876 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891) ; gov- ernor of Missouri 1893-1897 ; member from Mis- souri and vice chairman of the Democratic na- tional committee; elected to the United States Senate, and took his seat March 4, 1903; re- elected for the term ending March 3, 1915. Stone, William Johnson, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Lyon (then Caldwell) county, Ky., June 26, 1841 ; attended the common schools and Q. M. Tyler's collegiate institute in Cadiz, Trigg county, Ky. ; farmer by occupation ; member of the state house of representatives in 1867, 1875, and 1883, and served as speaker of the house during his second term ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty- first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses t March 4, 1885-March 3, 1895) ; engaged in the mercantile business in Kuttawa, Lyon county, Ky. Storer, Bellamy, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Portland, Me., March 9, 1798 ; was gradu- ated from Bowdoin college; studied law in Bos- ton, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1817; elected as a Whig to the Twenty -fourth Congress (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1839) ; declined a renomination ; presi- dential elector on the Clay ticket in 1844 ; served as judge of the superior court of Cincinnati from its organization in 1852 until 1871, when he resigned ; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, June 1, 1875. Storer, Bellamy, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, August 28, 1847; was graduated from Harvard college in 1867 and from Cincinnati college in 1869; was admitted to the bar in April, 1869; elected as a Republi- can to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895) ; Assist- ant Secretary of State of the United States in 1897; United States minister to Belgium 1897- 1899; appointed United States minister to Spain in 1899 ; appointed minister to Austria-Hungary in 1902. Storer, Clement, a Representative and a Senator from N. Hi ; born in Kennebunk, Me., September 20, 1760; completed preparatory BIOGRAPHIES. 1031 studies; studied medicine and began practice in Portsmouth, N. H. ; captain of militia, and held successive commissions to that of major- general ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1810-1812 and served one year as speaker ; elected to the Tenth Congress ( March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809) ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the res- ignation of Jeremiah Mason and served from June 27, 1817, until March 3, 1819; died in Portsmouth, N. H., November 21, 1830. Storm, Frederic, a Representative from New York ; born in Alsace, France, July 2, 1844 ; came to this country with his parents in 1846; attended the public schools of New York City ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1894 ; elected to the state assembly in 1895 ; for sixteen years a member of county Repub- lican committee, and three times its chairman ; founder of the Flushing hospital ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903) ; after leaving Congress engaged in the banking business in Bayside, N. Y. Storm, John B., a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Hamilton township, Monroe county, September 19, 1838 ; was graduated from Dickinson college in 1861 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1863; county superin- tendent of public schools for seven years: elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1875) ; reelected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887; president-judge of the forty-third ju- dicial district of Pennsylvania ; died in Strouds- burg, Pa., August 13, 1901. Storrs, Henry Randolph, a Representative from New York ; born in Middletown, Conn., September 3, 1787; was graduated from Yale college in 1804 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1808, and began practice in Utica, N. Y. ; judge of Oneida county for five years; elected as a Federalist to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821) ; re- elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twen- tieth, and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1831) ; moved to New York and resumed the practice of law ; died in New Haven, Conn., July 29, 1837. Storrs, William Lucius, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Middletown, Conn., March 25, 1795 ; was graduated from Yale col- lege in 1814 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1817 began practice in Middletown, Conn. ; member of the state legislature in 1827- 1829 and 1834 ; served as speaker the last year ; elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1833) ; re- elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress and served from March 4, 1839, until his resignation in June, 1840; associate judge of the court of errors; professor of law at Yale college 1846- 1847; chief justice of the court of errors from 1856 until his death in Hartford, Conn., June 25, 1861. Story, Joseph, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Marblehead, Mass., September 18, 1779 ; was graduated from Harvard col- lege in 1798 ; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1801, and began practice in Salem ; member of the stnte house of representatives 1805- 1807; elected as a Democrat to the Tenth Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Jacob Crowninshield and served from December 20, 1808, to March 3, 1809; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1811, and speaker ; associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States until his death in Cam- bridge, Mass., September 10, 1845. Stoughton, William Lewis, a Representative from Michigan ; born in New York March 20, 1827; completed preparatory studies; moved to Sturgis, Mich. ; studied law, admitted to the bar, and practiced; held several local offices; United States district attorney for the district of Michi- gan in March, 1861, and resigned in few months to enter the Union army; served as colonel and brigadier-general, and promoted to the rank of major-general by brevet; member of the state constitutional convention in 1867 ; attorney- general of Michigan 1867-1868 ; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-first and Forty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1873) ; died in Sturgis, Mich., June 6, 1888. Stout, Byron Gray, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Richmond, Ontario county, N. Y., January 12, 1829 ; moved with his parents to Michigan in 1831 ; was graduated from the Michigan state university in 1851 ; studied law ; elected to the state legislature in 1854 and 1856 and chosen speaker of the house; member of the state senate in 1860 and served as president pro tempore ; member of the Philadelphia convention of 1866; delegate to the national Democratic conventions of 1868, 1880, and 1888 ; engaged in private banking prior to 1869; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893) ; died in Pontiac, Mich., June 19, 1896. Stout, Lansing, a Representative from Ore- gon; born in Pamelia, N. Y., March 27, 1828; completed preparatory studies; studied law. ad- mitted to the bar, and in 1851 moved to Cali- fornia and began practice; member of the state house of representatives 1856; moved to Port- land, Oreg., in 1857 ; judge of the Multnoinah county court in 1858; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861) : again a member of the state house of representatives; died in Portland, Oreg., in 1870. Stover, John H., a Representative from Mis- souri ; born in Aaronsburg, Center county, Pa., April 24, 1833; completed preparatory studies; studied law, admitted to the bar, and in 1857 began practice in Aaronsburg; held several local offices; enlisted in the Union army in 1861 for the civil war as a private and successively chosen captain and major ; commissioned colonel of the one hundred and eighty-fourth Pennsyl- vania volunteers; after the war moved to Ver- sailles, Mo., and practiced law; elected as a Re- publican to the Fortieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph W. McClurg and served from December 7, 1868, to March 3, 1869. Stow, Silas, a Representative from New York ; born in Middlefield, Middlesex county, Conn., December 21, 1773 ; moved to Lowville, N. Y. ; appointed judge of Oneida county, January 28, 1801 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth Con- gress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813) ; sheriff of Lewis county 1814-1815; judge of the same 1032 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY, county 1815-1823 ; died in Lowville, N. Y., Janu- ary 19, 1827. Stowell, William H. H., a Representative from Virginia ; born in Windsor, Vt., July 26, 1840; attended the high schools in Boston, Mass. ; merchant : moved to Virginia in 1865 ; collector of internal revenue for the fourth dis- trict in 1869; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Con- gresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1877). Stower, John G., a Representative from New / York ; was a native of Madison, N. Y. ; completed preparatory studies ; elected as a Jackson Demo- crat to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827- March 3, 1829) ; member of the state senate 1833-1834. Strader, Peter Wilson, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Warren county, N. J., November 6, 1818 ; moved with his parents to Ohio in 1819 ; attended the common schools ; printer ; employed on a steamboat on the Mississippi river 1835- 1848; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; died in Ashtabula, Ohio, February 25, 1881. Strait, Horace Burton, a Representative from Minnesota ; born in Potter county, Pa., January 26, 1835 ; attended the common schools ; moved to Indiana in 1846, and from there to Minnesota in 1855 ; entered the Union army in 1862 as captain in the ninth Minnesota infantry ; promoted to major of said regiment in 1864 ; served at the close of the war as inspector general on the staff of General McArthur; elected mayor of Shako- pee in 1870, 1871, and 1872; trustee of the Min- nesota hospital for the insane 1866 ; engaged in mercantile, manufacturing, and banking pur- suits ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879) ; reelected to the Forty- seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1887) ; died near El Paso, Tex,, February 25, 1894. Strait, Thomas Jefferson, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Chester district, 5. C., December 25, 1846 ; attended the common schools of Maysville, S. C., and Cooper institute, Mississippi ; entered the Confederate service in 1862, and in company A, sixth regiment of in- fantry until November, 1863 ; transferred to com- pany H, twenty-fourth regiment, Gist's brigade, and served as a sergeant therein until the close of the war ; was graduated from the South Caro- lina medical college with distinction in 1885 ; member of the state senate in 1890 ; elected as an Alliance Democrat to the Fifty-third, Fifty- fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1899) ; resumed the practice of medicine in Lancaster, S. C. Stranahan, James Samuel Thomas, a Repre- sentative from New York ; born in Peterboro, N. Y., April 25, 1808; attended the common schools and Cazenovia seminary; founded the town of Florence, Oneida county, N. Y., in 1832 ; elected to the state assembly in 1838; moved to Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1844 ; elected alderman of that city in 1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857) ; died in Saratoga Springs, N. Y., Sep- tember 3, 1898. Strange, Robert, a Senator from North Caro- lina ; born in Virginia, September 20, 1796 ; was graduated from the Hampden-Sidney College; studied law, admitted to the bar, and practiced in Fayetteville, N. C. ; member of the state house of commons, 1822-1823 and 1826; judge of the superior court of North Carolina, 1826-1836; elected as a Democrat to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Willie P. Mangum, and served from December 5, 1836, until his resignation February 22, 1840; resumed the practice of law in Fayetteville, N. C. ; solicitor for the fifth judicial district of North Carolina; died in Fayetteville, N. C., February 19, 1854. Stratton, Charles C., a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Swedenboro, Gloucester county, N. J., in 1796; attended the common schools; member of the state house of repre- sentatives; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839) ; presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Twenty-sixth Congress, but not allowed to take his seat; reelected to the Twenty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843) ; engaged in farming; died in Swedenboro, N. J., March 30, 1859. Stratton, John, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; native of Virginia ; attended the common schools ; elected to the Seventh Congress ( March 4, 1801-March 3, 1803). Stratton, John Leek Newbold, a Representa- tive from New Jersey; born in Mount Holly, N. J., November 27, 1817 ; was graduated from Princeton College in 1836 ; studied law, admit- ted to the bar, and began practice in Mount Holly; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863; delegate to the National Loyalists convention in Philadelphia in 1868 ; died in Mount Holly, N. J., May 17. 1889. Stratton, Nathan T., a Representative from New Jersey ; a native of Mullica Hill, N. J. ; attended the common schools ; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sec- ond and Thirty-third Congresses ( March 4, 1851- March 3, 1855). Straub, Christian M., a Representative from Pennsylvania; a native of that state; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress ( March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Straus, Isidor, a Representative from New York ; born in the Palatinate of Bavaria, Febru- ary 6, 1845 ; came to this country in 1854 with his mother and settled in Talbotton, Ga. ; at- tended Collinsworth Institute and prepared to enter the West Point Military Academy when the breaking out of the war prevented; moved to New York City in 1865; elected as a Demo- crat on January 30, 1894, to the Fifty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Ashbel P. Fitch, and served from Febru- ary 14, 1894, until March 3, 1895 ; resumed the mercantile business in New York City ; lost in the wreck of the steamship Titanic April 15, 1912. Stradbridge, James Dale, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Liberty township, Montour county, Pa., April 7, 1824 ; was gradu- ated from Princeton College in 1844 ; was gradu- ated in medicine from the University of Pennsyl- vania in 1847 ; entered the army as a brigade surgeon of volunteers and served throughout the BIOGEAPHIES. 1033 civil war; prisoner in Libby Prison three months; after the war resumed his practice; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; died in Danville, Pa., July 19, 1890. Street, Randall S., a Representative from New York ; born in Catskill, N. Y., in 1780 ; pur- sued classical studies; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Ponghkeepsie ; state attorney for his judicial district in 1810 and 1813; lieutenant-colonel of militia in the war of 1812; elected as a Democrat to the Six- teenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821 ) ; resumed practice of law, until his death in Mon- ticello, N. Y., November 21, 1841. Strickland, Randolph, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Dansville, Livingston county, N. Y., February 4, 1823 ; attended the common schools; taught school; moved to Michigan in 1844; studied law, admitted to the bar, and in 1849 began practice; prosecuting attorney for Clinton county in 1852, 1854, 1856, and 1858; member of the state senate in 1861 and 1862 : provost-marshal 1863-1865; delegate to the na- tional Republican convention in 1856 and 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; died in Battle Creek, Mich., May 5, 1880. Strode, Jesse Burr, a Representative from Nebraska; born in Farmers township, Fulton county, 111., February 18, 1845 ; attended the pub- lic schools; enlisted as a private in the fiftieth Illinois infantry in January, 1864, and was with his regiment during the Atlanta campaign, the march to the sea, through the Carolina s and Vir- ginia, and the grand review in Washington ; mus- tered out of the army in July, 1865; entered Abingdon (111.) College; principal of the graded schools of Abingdon eight years; mayor and councilman of Abingdon ; studied law, moved to Plattsmouth, Nebr., May 1, 1879, and was ad- mitted to the bar in November, 1879 ; district at- torney in 1882-1886; moved to Lincoln in 1887 and practiced law until November, 1892 ; judge of the district court; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899) ; resumed the practice of law after leaving Congress; prose- cuting attorney for the third district of Ne- braska, and resides in Lincoln, Nebr. Strohm, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in that state October 16, 1793 ; completed preparatory studies; taught school for several years ; located in Providence, Pa. ; member of the state house of representatives 1831-1833; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1849). Strong 1 , Caleb, a Senator from Massachu- setts ; born in Northampton, Mass., January 9, 1745 ; was graduated from Harvard college in 1764 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1792; member of the committee of correspondence and safety 1774- 1775 ; member of the state house of representa- tives 1776-1778 ; elected to the state senate 1780-1788; county attorney 1776-1800; member of the national convention which framed the Constitution of the United States, but did not sign the same ; member of the Massachusetts constitutional convention which ratified the Constitution of the United States in 1787-1788 ; elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate ; reelected and served from March 4, 1789, to June 1, 1796, when he resigned ; presidential elector in 1809; governor of Massachusetts 1800-1807 and 1812-1816 ; died in Northampton, Mass., November 17, 1819. Strong, James, a Representative from New York ; born in Windham, Conn., in 1783 ; was graduated from the University of Vermont in 1806 ; moved to Hudson, N. Y. ; elected as a Federalist to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1821) ; reelected to the Eight- eenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1831) ; died in Chester, N. J., August 8, 1847. Strong, Jedediah, a Delegate from Connecti- cut ; born in Litchfield, Conn., November 7, 1738 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1761 ; was admitted to the bar ; member of the state legislature 1771-1801; elected to the Conti- nental Congress in 1774, but declined ; member of the committee on inspection 1774-1775 ; county attorney 1780-1791; sat in the Con- tinental Congress 1782-1784 ; member of the Connecticut convention to ratify the Constitu- tion of the United States in 1788 ; died in Litch- field, Conn., August 21, 1802. Strong, Julius Levi, a Representative from Connecticut ; born in Bolton, Conn., November 8, 1828 ; attended Wesleyan university, Middle- town, Conn., and Union college in New York ; entered the law school at Balston Spa ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1853 began practice in Hartford, Conn. ; member of the leg- islature of Connecticut in 1852 and in 1855 ; city attorney ; president of the common council ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses and served from March 4, 1869, until his death in Hartford, Conn., No- vember 7, 1872. Strong, Luther Martin, a Representative from Ohio; born near Tiffin, Seneca county, Ohio, June 23, 1838; attended the common schools and Aaron Schuyler's academy in Re- public ; taught school ; enlisted as a private in the forty-ninth Ohio volunteer infantry early in 1861; elected captain of company G and promoted to major and lieutenant-colonel ; sen- ior officer of the regiment and in command thereof from about the time of the fall of At- lanta until after the battle of Nashville, but could not be commissioned colonel because the regiment had become greatly reduced in num- bers by service; resigned March 13, 1865, on account of wound; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar by the supreme court of Ohio January 30, 1867; located in Kenton and prac- ticed ; member of the board of education ; elected to the state senate in 1879 and 1881; judge of the court of common pleas ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and Fifty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897) ; died in Kenton, Ohio, April 26, 1903. Strong, Selah. Brewster, a Representative from New York ; born in Brookhaven, Suffolk county, N. Y., May 1, 1792; was graduated from Yale college in 1811 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1814 began practice in New York City; served in the war of 1812 as ensign and quartermaster, lieutenant and captain in the tenth regiment, third brigade, New York City and county troops; removed to Brookhaven in 1034 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1820; state attorney for Suffolk county; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; appointed March 27, 1846, circuit judge by Governor Wright and was confirmed, but did not accept; judge of the supreme court for the second judi- cial district from June 7, 1847, to June 1, 1860 ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1868; died in Setauket, N. Y., November 29, 1872. Strong, Solomon, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Amherst, Mass., March 2, 1780; was graduated from Williams college in 1798; member of the senate of Massachusetts 1812-1813; elected to the Fourteenth and Fif- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1819) ; judge of the court of common pleas 1818- 1842 ; again a member of the state senate 1843- 1844; died in Leominster, Mass.,' September 16, 1850. Strong, Stephen, a Representative from New York ; born in Lebanon, Conn., October 11, 1791 ; moved to New York ; attended Hamilton college, Clinton, N. Y. ; was admitted to the bar in 1822 ; district attorney of Tioga county 1836-1838, and again from 1844 to 1847; elected county judge February 2, 1843 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847) ; resumed the practice of law in Owego, N. Y. ; moved to Watertown, N. Y., in 1861 and practiced; died in Watertown, N. Y., April 15, 1866. Strong, Theron Rudd, a Representative from New York; born in Salisbury, Conn., November 7, 1802 ; moved to Palmyra, N. Y. ; attended the common schools ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; held several local offices; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1842 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841) ; associate justice of the supreme court of New York in 1851; judge of the court of appeals in 1859; moved to Rochester, N. Y., in 1860 and practiced law ; died in New York City, May 14, 1873. Strong, William, a Representative from Ver- mont ; born in Lebanon, Conn., in 1763 ; moved with his parents to Hartford, Vt. ; engaged ex- tensively in land surveying ; member of the state legislature in 1798-1799, 1801-1802, 1815-1818; sheriff of Windsor county 1802-1810 ; judge of the supreme court of Windsor county in 1817 ; mem- ber of the council of censors in 1834 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1815; reelected to the Sixteenth Congress (March 4, 1819- March 3, 1821) ; died in Hartford, Conn., Janu- ary 28, 1840. Strong, William, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Somers, Conn., May 6, 1808 ; attended Plainsfield academy and was graduated from Yale in 1828 ; taught school in New Haven, Conn. ; studied law, and in 1832 admitted to the bar in Philadelphia and began practice in Read- ing; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851) : associate justice of the supreme court of Pennsylvania 1857-1868 ; resumed the practice of law in Philadelphia, Pa. ; associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States 1870- 1880; died in Lake Minnewassa, N. Y., August 19, 1895. Strother, George F., a Representative from Virginia born in Culpeper county, Va. ; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Cul- peper; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1817, until his resignation, February 10, 1820 ; receiver of public moneys in St. Louis, Mo. Strother, James French, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Culpeper county, Va., September 4, 1811 ; completed preparatory studies and attended St. Louis university ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and be- gan practice in Culpeper, Va. ; member of the state house of representatives and served as speaker; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1850; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3. 1853) ; died in Culpeper, Va., September 21, 1860. Strouse, Myer, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Oberstrau, Bavaria, Germany, December 16, 1825 ; emigrated with his father to the United States in 1832 and located in Potts- ville, Pa. ; completed preparatory studies ; stud- ied law and was admitted to the bar ; edited the North American Farmer in Philadelphia 1848- 1852 ; began practice in Pottsville in 1853 ; elected to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1867) ; re- sumed the practice of law ; attorney and solici- tor for the " Mollie McGuire " outlaws 1876- 1877 ; died in Pottsville, Pa., February 11, 1878. Stroud, William F., a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Orange county, N. C., December 7, 1832 ; attended the Bingham School, High Hill academy, and the Graham Institute; moved to Chatham county in 1861 ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1875 ; nominated by the Populists for Congress in 1892 in the Fourth Congressional District ; again nominated by the Populists in 1894 ; elected as a Populist to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899). Struble, Isaac S., a Representative from Iowa ; born near Fredericksburg, Va., November 3, 1843; attended the common schools; enlisted and served three years as a private in company F, twenty-second Iowa infantry ; attended the state university ; studied law and was admitted to practice in 1870 in Ogle county, 111. ; settled in Lemars, Iowa, in 1872; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1891) ; resumed the practice of law in Lemars, Iowa. Strudwick, William, a Representative from North Carolina ; native of that state ; received a limited education ; held several local offices ; elected to the Fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Absalom Taturn and served from December 13, 1796, to March 3, 1797. Stuart, Alexander Hugh Holmes, a Repre- sentative from Virginia ; born in Staunton, Va., April 2, 1807; attended William and Mary col- lege ; was graduated from the University of Vir- ginia in 1828 ; was admitted to the bar, and in 1828 began practice in Staunton; served in the state house of representatives 1836-1838 ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress BIOGEAPHIES. 1035 (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843) ; presidential elector on the Clay ticket in 1844 and the Tay- lor ticket in 1848 ; Secretary of the Interior 1850-1853; member of the state senate 1857- 1861 ; delegate to the national Union convention in 1866 ; presented credentials as a Member- elect to the Ninth Congress, but was not ad- mitted; died in Staunton, Va.. February 13, 1891. Stuart, Andrew, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Pennsylvania August 30, 1823; moved to Stubenville, Ohio, in 1850; was editor of the American Union newspaper 1850-1857 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; defeated for reelection; died in Washington, D. C., April 30, 1872. Stuart, Archibald, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Lynchburg, Va., December 2, 1795 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Campbell county ; served as an officer in the War of 1812 ; member of the state legisla- ture ; member of the state convention of 1829- 1830 ; resided in Mount Airy, N. C. ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839) ; member of the state con- vention of 1850-1851 ; died in Patrick county, Va., September 20, 1855. Stuart, Charles E., a Representative and a Senator from Michigan; born in Columbia county, N. Y., November 25, 1810; studied law and was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Kalamazoo, Mich. ; member of the state legislature in 1842; elected to the Thir- tieth Congress as a Democrat to fill vacancy caused by the death of Edward Bradley, who never qualified, and served from December 6, 1847, to March 4, 1849; defeated for reelection to the Thirty-first Congress ; reelected to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853) ; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1853, to March 3, 1859 ; member of the Union convention in Phila- delphia in 1866 ; died in Kalamazoo, Mich., May 19, 1887. Stuart, David, a Representative from Michi- gan ; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 12, 1816: studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Detroit, Mich. ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; moved to Chicago, 111.; enlisted in the Union army and was commis- sioned lieutenant colonel forty-second Illinois volunteer infantry, July 22, 1861 ; colonel of the fifty-fifth Illinois infantry, October 31, 1861; brigadier general of volunteers, November 29, 1862 ; appointment negatived by the Senate, March 11, 1863; resigned April 3, 1863; resumed the practice of law in Detroit, Mich,, and died there, September 11, 1868. Stuart, John Todd, a Representative from Illinois; born near Lexington, Ky., November 10, 1807 ; was graduated from Center college in 1826 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Springfield, 111. ; major in the Black Hawk war in 1832 ; member of the state house of representatives 1832-1836; un- successful candidate to the Twenty-fifth Con- gress in 1836; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843) ; member of the state sen- ate 1848-1852; reelected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865) ; law partner with Abraham Lincoln; died in Springfield, 111., November 23, 1885. Stuart, Philip, a Representative from Mary- land ; born near Fredericksburg, Va., in 1760 ; completed preparatory studies ; moved to Mary- land; served in the Revolutionary army as lieutenant in the third Continental Dragoons; wounded at Eutaw Springs, September 8, 1781; transferred to Baylors Dragoons, November 9, 1782 ; served in the War of 1812 ; elected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1819) ; died in Washington, D. C., August 14, 1830. Stump, Herman, a Representative from Mary- land ; born on Oakington Farm, in Harford county, Md., August 8, 1837 ; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1856, and commenced practice in Belair, Md. ; interested in agricultural pursuits; elected to the state senate in 1878, and served as president of that body in 1880 ; chairman of the Demo- cratic state convention in 1879; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893) ; commissioner general of emigration under Presi- dent Cleveland; after leaving Congress resumed the practice of his profession in Belair, Md. Sturgeon, Daniel, a Senator from Pennsyl- vania ; born in Adams county, Pa., October 27, 1789 ; was graduated from Jefferson college, and Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia, Pa. ; commenced the practice of medicine in Union- town, Pa., in 1813; member of the state house of representatives 1818-1824 ; served in the state senate 1825-1830, and served as president of that body 1827-1830; auditor-general of Penn- sylvania 1830-1836; state treasurer 1838-1839; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; reelected and served from March 4, 1839 to March 3, 1851 ; treasurer of the United States mint in Philadelphia, Pa., 1853-1858 ; died in Uniontown, Pa., July 2, 1878. Stiirges, Jonathan, a Delegate and a Repre- sentative from Connecticut ; born in Fairfield, Conn., August 23, 1740; was graduated from Yale college in 1759 ; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Fairfield, Conn. ; sat in the Continental Congress 1774-1787; elected to the First and Second Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1793) ; associate jus- tice of the state supreme court 1793-1805 ; presi- dential elector in 1797 and 1805; died in Fair- field, Conn., October 4, 1819. Sturges, Lewis Burr, a Representative from Connecticut ; born in Fairfield, Conn., March 15, 1763; was graduated from Yale college in 1782; elected as a Federalist to the Ninth, and to the succeeding five Congresses (March 4, 1805- March 3, 1817; moved to Norwalk, Ohio, and died there March 30, 1844. Sturgiss, George Cookman, a Representative from West Virginia ; born in Poland, Mahoning county, Ohio, August 16, 1842 ; moved to Mor- gantown, W. Va., in 1859; attended the Monon- galia academy and taught in that school for a short time; studied law and was admitted to practice in 1863 ; was paymaster's clerk under Maj. James V. Boughner, paymaster of United States Volunteers ; county superintendent of free 1036 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. schools 1865-1869; member of the house of dele- gates of West Virginia 1870, 1871, and 1872; prosecuting attorney of the county for eight years; in 1880 was the Republican nominee for governor of the state; United States attorney for the district of West Virginia ; the first president of the State Board of Trade and of the State Association for the Promotion of Good Roads; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907- March 3, 1911) ; resumed the practice of law in Morgantown, Va. Sturtevant, John Carey, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Spring township, Crawford county, Pa., February 20, 1835; at- tended the common schools ; engaged in teaching and farming for a number of years; officer in the house of representatives in Harrisburg 1861, 1862, and 1864; member of the state house of representatives in 1865 and 1866 ; delegate to the Republican state convention in 1865, and six times reelected, the last in 1890; presidential elector in 1888; moved to Conneautville, Pa., in 1867 ; engaged in the hardware business ; en- gaged in manufacturing and milling till 1888 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899) ; after leaving Congress engaged in the banking busi- ness in Couneautville, Pa. Sullivan, George, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Durham, N. H., August 29, 1771 ; was graduated from Harvard college in 1790 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Exeter, N. H., in 1793 ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1805 ; attorney-general of New Hampshire 1805- 1806; elected to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813) ; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1813 ; member of the state senate 1814-1815; again attorney- general of the state 1816-1835; died in Exeter, N. H., April 14, 1838. Sullivan, James, a Delegate from Massachu- setts; born in Berwick, Mass, (now Maine), April 22, 1744 ; completed prepai'atory studies ; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Biddeford ; active in Revolutionary move- ments; member of the provincial congress of Massachusetts in 1775; judge of the superior court in 1776 ; elected to the Continental Con- gress in 1782; judge of probate for Suffolk county ; state attorney-general 1790-1807 ; gov- ernor of Massachusetts 1807-1808; died in Bos- ton, Mass., December 10, 1808. Sullivan, John, a Delegate from New Hamp- shire; born in Berwick, Me., February 17, 1740; received a limited education ; studied law, ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Dur- ham ; took an active part in pre-Revolutionary movements ; elected to the Continental Congress 1774-1775; brigadier-general and promoted to major-general, but resigned in 1779; again elected to the Continental Congress 1780-1781 ; attorney-general of New Hampshire 1782-1786; president of that State 1786-1787 ; member of the convention that ratified the Federal Consti- tution ; speaker of the state house of representa- tives ; presidential elector in 1789 ; again chosen president of New Hampshire ; judge of the United States district court of New Hampshire; died in Durham, N. H., January 23, 1795. Sullivan, John Andrew, a Representative from Massachusetts : born in Boston. Mass., May 10, 1868; attended the public schools, the high school, and was graduated from the Boston university law school in 1896; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Suffolk, Mass., in 1896; member of the state senate 1900- 1902; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903- March 3, 1907) ; resumed the practice of law in Boston, Mass. ; appointed a member of the Bos- ton finance commission in July, 1907, and served until the commission expired ; in June, 1909, be- came chairman of the permanent finance com- mission which was created by statute; resides in Boston, Mass. Sullivan, Timothy Daniel, a Representative from New York ; born in New York City Febru- ary 6, 1863; attended the public schools; en- gaged in the real estate and theatrical business; elected to the state assembly in 1886 and served until 1894 ; member of the state senate 1894- 1903 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses and served from March 4, 1903, until July 27, 1906, when he re- signed ; reelected to the state senate in 1908 and 1910 ; resident of New York City. Sullivan, William Van Amberg, a Repre- sentative and a Senator from Mississippi ; born near Winoua, Miss., December 18, 1857 ; attended a country school near Sardis, in Panola county, and the University of Mississippi, and was grad- uated from the Vanderbilt university, Nashville, Tenn., in 1875 ; was admitted to the bar in 1875 and commenced practice in Austin, Tunica county; moved to Oxford, Miss., in 1877; mem- ber of the board of aldermen ; delegate to the Democratic national conventions in 1892 and 1896; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress and served from March 4, 1897, until May, 1898, when he resigned ; appointed and sub- sequently elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Edward C. Walthall, and served from May 31, 1898, until March 4, 1901 ; after leaving the Senate took up his residence in Washington, D. C. Sulloway, Cyrus Adams, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Grafton, N. H., June 8, 1839 ; attended the common schools and Kimball academy ; pursued an academic course ; studied law in Franklin, N. H., was admitted to the bar in 1863, and commenced practice in Manchester, N. H. ; member of the state house of representatives 1872-1873 and again in 1887- 1893; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth, and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1913). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Sulzer, William, a Representative from New York; born in Elizabeth, N. J., March 18, 1863 ; attended the public schools and Colum- bia college; was admitted to the bar in 1884; member of the state legislature 1889-1894 and served as leader of the majority of the assembly in 1892 and was speaker of the assembly in 1893 ; leader of the minority of the state assem- bly in 1894 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fourth, and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1913). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Summers, George W., a Representative from Virginia ; born in Fayette county, Va., March 4, BIOGEAPHIES. 1037 1804; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Ohio university; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Kanawha, Ya. ; member of the state house of representatives 1830-1840; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Con- gresses (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1845) ; dele- gate to the state constitutional convention in 1850; Whig candidate for governor in 1851; judge of the eighteenth judicial circuit of Vir- ginia 1852-1858; died September, 1868. Sumner, Charles, a Senator from Massachu- setts ; born in Boston, Mass.. January 6, 1811 ; pursued classical studies ; was graduated from Harvard college in 1830; studied law and was graduated from the Cambridge law school in 1834; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Boston, Mass. ; appointed reporter of the United States circuit court ; lectured at the Cambridge law school 1835-1837; traveled in Europe 1837-1840 ; elected to the United States Senate in 1851 after a prolonged contest by a coalition of Democrats and Free-Soilers ; re- elected in 1857, 1863, and 1869, and served from December 1, 1851, until his death in Washing- ton, D. C., March 11, 1874; interment in Cam- bridge, Mass. Sumner, Charles Allen, a Representative from California ; born in Great Barrington, Mass., August 2, 1835 ; attended Trinity college, Hartford, Conn. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and engaged on patent cases: moved to California in 1850 ; served during the Civil war ; moved to Nevada ; member of the state senate and served as president of that body ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885) ; died in San Francisco, Cal., January 31, 1903. Sumner, Daniel Hadley, a Representative from Wisconsin ; born in Malone, Franklin county, N. Y., September 15, 1837 ; attended the common schools; studied law; admitted to the bar in Michigan in 1868; settled in Waukesha, Wis., in 1870, and practiced ; elected district at- torney of Waukesha county and served in 1876 and 1877; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- eighth Congress (March 4. 1883-March 3, 1885) ; died in Waukesha, Wis., May 29, 1903. Sumter, Thomas, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Virginia, July 14, 1736 ; moved to South Carolina ; attended the common schools; engaged in the war against the Chero- kees; colonel of a regiment in the Revolutionary army and promoted to the rank of brigadier general in 1780 ; voted the thanks of Congress January, 1781 ; opposed to ratification in con- ventions of the Federal Constitution ; elected to the First and Second Congresses (March 4, 1789- March 3, 1793) ; reelected to the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses?, and served from March 4, 1797, to December 15, 1801, when he resigned ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Sen- ate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles Pinckney; reelected and served from December 3, 1801, until his resignation, in 1810; died in South Mount, S. C., June 1, 1832. Sumter, Thomas D., a Representative from South Carolina ; was a native of Pennsylvania ; moved to Statesbury, S. C. ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843). Sutherland, George, a Representative and a Senator from Utah; born in Buckinghamshire, England, March 25, 1862; was brought by his parents to the United States in 1864 and settled in Utah ; received a common school and aca- demic education; was graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan in 1883, and was admitted to the bar in that State in March, 1883, and commenced practice in Utah in that year; member of the state senate 1896- 1900 ; delegate to the Republican national conven- tions in 1900, 1904, 1908, and 1912; elected as a Republican to the Fifty -seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903) ; declined a renomination to the Fifty-eighth Congress; elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1905; reelected for the term expiring March 3, 1917. Sutherland, Jabez Gridley, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Onondaga county, N. Y., October 6, 1825; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1848; prosecuting attorney of Sagi- naw county, Mich., in 1848-1849 ; delegate to the state constitutional conventions in 1850 and 1867; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1853; circuit judge 1863 and 1869; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1879) ; died in Berkeley, Cal., November 20, 1902; interment in Salt Lake City, Utah. Sutherland, Joel Barlow, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Gloucester county, N. J., in 1791; attended the common schools, and was graduated from the university of Penn- sylvania in 1812 ; served in the War of 1812 as assistant surgeon to " Junior Artillerists of Philadelphia," transferred to the line and was appointed in 1814 lieutenant colonel of rifles in the state militia ; member of the state house of representatives 1813-1816; physician to Lafay- ette; member of the state senate 1816-1817; abandoned medicine for the practice of law; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1827- March 3, 1837) ; defeated as a Whig candidate for the Twenty-fifth Congress; associate judge of the court of common pleas of Philadelphia, Pa., 1833-1834; died in Philadelphia, Pa., No- vember 15, 1861. Sutherland, Josiah, a Representative from New York ; born in Hudson, N. Y. ; received a limited education ; held several local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853). Sutherland, Rhoderick Dhu, a Representative from Nebraska ; born in Scotchgrove, Jones county, Iowa, April 27, 1862; attended the com- mon schools and Amity College, College Springs, Iowa ; admitted to the bar in Nuckolls county, Nebr., in 1888; elected county attorney in 1890, 1892, and 1894; elected as a Populist to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1901) ; after leaving Congress returned to Nelson, Nebr., and practiced law. Swan, John, a Delegate from North Carolina: was a native of that State; completed prepara- tory studies; Delegate to the Continental Con gress 1787-1788. Swan, Samuel, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Somerset county, N. J., in 1771 ; 1038 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOKY. elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nine- teenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1831) ; died in Bruns- wick, N. J., August 24, 1844. Swann, Edward, a Representative from New York; born March 10, 1862; attended the com- mon schools and was graduated from Columbia college in 1886; admitted to the bar and was engaged in practice in New York City ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Amos J. Cummings and served from December 2, 1902, to March 3, 1903. Swann, Thomas, a Representative from Maryland ; born in Alexandria, Va., February 3, 1809; attended Georgetown college and the uni- versity of Virginia ; studied law ; secretary of the Neapolitan United States commission ; moved to Baltimore in 1834; director and president of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad 1847-1853 ; presi- dent of the Northwestern Virginia Railroad ; mayor of Baltimore 1856-1858; governor of Maryland 1865-1869; elected to the United States Senate in 1866, but declined to leave the governor's chair ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty-third. Forty- fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1879) ; died near Leesburg, Va., July 24, 1883. Swanson, Claude Augustus, a Representative and a Senator from Virginia ; born in Swanson- ville, Pittsylvania county, Va., March 31, 1862; attended the public schools ; taught public school for one year; attended for one session the Vir- ginia agricultural and mechanical college ; was graduated from the University of Virginia in 1886; admitted to the bar, and practiced in Chatham,- Va. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third, and to the six succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1893, until January 30, 1906, when he resigned ; governor of Vir- ginia 1906-1910 ; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John W. Daniel for the term ex- piring March 3, 1911. Reelected for the term ending March 3, 1917. Swansick, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; elected to the Fourth and Fifth Con- gresses and served from March 4, 1795, until his death in Philadelphia, Pa., July 31, 1798. Swart, Peter, a Representative from New York; born in Schoharie, N. Y., July 5, 1752; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the state house of representatives 1798-1799 ; elected to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807- March 3, 1809) ; member of the state senate 1817-1820; died in Schoharie, N. Y., December 9, 1829. Swasey, John Philip, a Representative from Maine ; born in Canton, Me., September 4, 1839 ; attended the Canton public schools, Dearborn Academy, Hebron Academy, Maine State Semi- nary, and Tufts College; enlisted in the Union army during the Civil War and was appointed first lieutenant in company K, seventeenth Maine regiment ; was admitted to the bar in 1863; assessor of internal revenue 1869-1870; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1874 ; served in the state senate 1875-1876; member of Governor Robie's coun- cil in 1SS3-1SS4 ; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles E. Littlefield ; reelected to the Sixty-first Congress and served from De- cember 7, 1908, to March 3, 1911; resumed the practice of law in Canton, Me. Swearingen, Henry, a Representative from Ohio ; native of Pennsylvania ; moved to Smith- field, Ohio ; held several local offices ; elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Daniel Kilgore; reelected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, and served from December 3, 1838, to March 3, 1841. Swearingen, Thomas Van, a Representative from Virginia ; born near Shepherdstown, W. Va., May 5, 1784 ; attended the common schools ; elected to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1819, until his death in Shepherdstown, W. Va., August 19, 1822. Sweat, Lorenzo De Medici, a Representative from Maine; born in Parsonville, Me., May 26, 1818; was graduated from Bowdoin College in 1837 and from Harvard law school in 1840 ; was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New Orleans, La.; returned to Portland, Me.; held several local offices; member of the state senate in 1862; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- eighth Congress (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1865) ; defeated for the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Con- gresses; delegate to the Union national conven- tion in Philadelphia in 1868; died in Portland, Me., July 26, 1898. Sweeney, William N., a Representative from Kentucky; born in that state, May 5, 1832; at- tended the common schools ; studied law, ad- mitted to the bar, and practiced ; elected to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; died in 1895. Sweeny, George, a Representative from Ohio ; born near Gettysburg, Pa., February 22, 1796; moved to Bucyrus. Ohio ; elected to the Twenty- sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843) ; prosecuting attorney of Crawford county 1844-1851; died in Bucyrus, Ohio, October 10, 1877. Sweet, Willis, a Representative from Idaho ; born in Alburg Springs, Vt., January 1, 1856 ; attended the common schools and the Nebraska State University ; learned the printer's trade in Lincoln, Nebr. ; studied law and was admitted to the bar ; moved to Moscow, Idaho, in Septem- ber, 1881, and engaged in practice ; appointed United States attorney for Idaho in May, 1888; appointed associate justice of the supreme court of Idaho November 25, 1889 ; elected as a Re- publican to the Fifty-first Congress upon the ad- mission of the state of Idaho into the Union; reelected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses and served from December 1, 1890, to March 3, 1895. Sweetser, Charles, a Representative from Ohio ; was a native of Vermont ; moved to Dela- ware, Ohio ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853). Sweney, Joseph Henry, a Representative from Iowa ; bom in Warren county, Pa., Oc- tober 2, 1845; attended the public schools of Pennsylvania and Iowa and was graduated BIOGEAPHIES. 1039 from the Iowa State University; was admitted to the bar, and carried on farming in connec- tion with the practice of law ; enlisted in the Union army and served as sergeant in company K, twenty-seventh regiment Iowa Infantry ; colonel of the sixth regiment national guard of Iowa for four years and brigadier and inspector general of the state ; member of the state senate from 1883 to 1891, and served as president pro tempore in 1886 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891; resumed the practice of law in Osage, Iowa. Swift, Benjamin, a Representative and a Senator from Vermont; born in Amenia, N. Y., April 8, 1780; completed preparatory studies; studied law, admitted to the bar, and began practice in Bennington, Vt. ; moved to Man- chester and then to St. Albans; member of the state house of representatives; elected as a Whig to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1831) ; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1833, to March 3, 1839; died in St. Albans, Vt, November 11, 1847. Swift, Zephaniah, a Representative from Connecticut ; born in Wareham, Mass., February 27, 1759 ; was graduated from Yale College in 3778; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Windham, Conn. ; elected as a Federalist to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797) ; secretary of the French mission in 1800; appointed a judge of the supreme court in 1801 and chief justice 1806-1819; member of the state house of rep- resentatives; died in Warren, Ohio, September 27, 1823. Swinburne, John, a Representative from New York ; born in Deer River, Lewis county, N. Y., May 30, 1820; attended the public schools and academies of Denmark and Lowville, Lewis county, and the academy in Fairfield, Herkimer county ; was graduated from the Albany Medical College in 1847 and commenced practice as a phy- sician and surgeon ; appointed in 1861 chief medi- cal officer on the staff of Gen. John F. Rath- bone, and placed in charge of the depot for re- cruits in Albany ; appointed by Governor Morgan in May, 1862, auxiliary volunteer surgeon at the front, with the rank of medical superintend- ent of New York wounded troops, and reap- pointed June 13 by Governor Seymour ; ap- pointed by the Surgeon-General of the United States and assigned to duty in Savage Station by General McClellan ; taken prisoner of war June 29. 1862 ; appointed by Governor Seymour in 1864 health officer of the port of New York, and reappointed by Governor Fenton in 1866, holding the position six years; in charge of the American Ambulance Corps during the siege of Paris by the Prussians in 1870-1871; elected mayor of Albany in 1882 and counted out, but after fourteen months' litigation was awarded the office by the courts ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887) ; died in Albany, N. Y., March 28, 1889. Swoope, Jacob, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; was a native of that state; attended the common schools ; held several local offices ; elect- ed as a Federalist to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811). Swope, John Augustus, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Gettysburg, Pa., December 25. 1827 ; was graduated from Prince- ton College in 1847 ; studied medicine, but relin- quished practice after a few years in order to engage in mercantile pursuits; became president of the Gettysburg National Bank in 1879 ; en- gaged in manufacturing and agricultural pur- suits ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William A. Duncan; reelected to the Forty- ninth Congress and served from January 5, 1885, to March 3, 1887; moved to Washington, D. C., and engaged in banking business ; died in Wash- ington, D. C., December 6, 1910. Swope, Samuel F., a Representative from Kentucky ; was a native of that state ; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857). Sykes, George, a Representative from New Jersey ; was a native of that state ; attended the common schools; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847). Sykes, James, a Delegate from Delaware; born in Dover, Del., March 27, 1761 ; studied medicine, and was admitted to practice ; member of the state senate and served as speaker ; clerk of peace 1777-1792 ; sat in the Continental Con- gress 1777-1778 ; clerk of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1796; served as governor of Delaware under the constitution of 1792 and served from March, 1801, to January, 1802; died in Dover, Del., October 18, 1822. Symes, George Gifford, a Representative from Colorado ; born in Ashtabula county, Ohio, April 28, 1840; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced; enlisted as private in company B, second regiment of Wisconsin volunteers, April 12, 1861; wounded in the first battle of Bull Run; adjutant of the twenty-fifth Wis- consin infantry ; in the Sioux Indian campaign of 1862; in the Vicksburg campaign of 1863 and the Atlanta campaign of 1864 and wounded in the battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1864; com- missioned colonel of the forty-fourth regiment of Wisconsin volunteers in August, 1864 ; com- manded the post in Paducah, Ky., during the summer of 1865, and was mustered out with his regiment in Madison, Wis., about September 1, 1865; practiced law in Paducah, Ky. ; associate justice of the supreme court of Montana Ter- ritory 1869-1871; resumed the practice of law in Helena, Mont. ; moved to Denver, Colo., in 1874 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty- ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1889) ; after leaving Congress de- voted his time to the management of his per- sonal interests and practiced law; died in Den- ver, Colo., November 3, 1893. Symmes, John Cleves, a Delegate from New Jersey ; born on Long Island, N. Y., July 21, 1742 ; completed preparatory studies; moved to New Jersey ; chairman of the committee of safety of Sussex county in 1774 ; member of the legis- lative council ; served in the Revolutionary army ; chief justice of the state supreme court 1777- 1787; elected to the Continental Congress 1785- 1786; moved to the Northwest Territory and settled in North Bend, below Cincinnati; ap- pointed by Congress one of the three judges of 1040 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. the Northwest Territory in 1788, and held the position until Ohio became a State; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, February 26, 1814. Sypher, Jay Hale, a Representative from Louisiana; born in Perry county, Pa., July 22, 1837; was graduated from Alfred university; studied law and was admitted to the bar; en- tered the Union army as a private and rose to the rank of brigadier-general ; after the war resumed the practice of law in New Orleans, La. ; delegate to the Republican national con- vention in Chicago in 1868; elected as a Re- publican to the Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty- second Congresses and served from July 18, 1868, to March 3, 1873; presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Forty-third Congress, and served from March 4, 1873 to March 3, 1875, when he was succeeded by Effingham Lawrence, who contested his election ; resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C. ; died in Baltimore, Md., May 9, 1905. Taber, Stephen, a Representative from New York ; born in Dover, N. Y., March 7, 1821 ; com 1 - pleted preparatory studies; moved to Queens county and engaged in farming; member of the state legislature 1860-1861; elected as a Demo- crat to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869). Taber, Thomas, a Representative from New York; born in Dover, N. Y., May 19, 1785; at- tended the common schools; engaged in agri- cultural pursuits; member of the state house of representatives in 1826; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas J. Oakley, and served from December 1, 1828, to March 3, 1829 ; died in Roslyn, Long Island, N. Y., March 21, 1862. Tabor, Horace Austin Warner, a Senator from Colorado ; born in Holland, Orleans county, Vt., November 26, 1830; attended the common schools and received instruction from a private tutor; moved to Quincy, Mass., and pursued the stonecutter's trade; moved to Kansas in 1855 ; member of the Topeka legislature when it was dispersed by order of President Pierce; moved to Denver, Colo., in 1859, settled in Lead- ville in 1860; engaged in mercantile pursuits; postmaster of Leadville; mayor 1878-1879; treasurer of Lake county; lieutenant governor of Colorado 1878-1884 ; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry M. Teller, and served from January 27, 1883, until March 3, 1883; postmaster of Denver. Colo., until his death, April 10, 1899. Taffe, John, a Representative from Nebraska ; born in Indianapolis. Ind.. January 30, 1827 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Indianapolis. Ind. : moved to Nebraska in 1856; served in both branches of the Nebraska territorial assembly; enlisted in the Union army as a major of the second Nebraska cavalry; elected as a Republi- can to the Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty- second Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1873). Taft, Charles Phelps, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Cincinnati, Ohio. December 21, 1843; attended the common schools and was graduated from Phillips academy in 1860, from Yale college in 1864, and from Columbia college law school of New York in 1866 ; went to Ger- many and was graduated from the University of Heidelberg in 1867 ; was admitted to the bar and practiced law in Cincinnati. Ohio ; member of the state house of representatives in 1871 : editor of the Cincinnati Times-Star; member of the board of sinking-fund trustees of the city of Cincinnati ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897) ; resumed newspaper business in Cincinnati, Ohio. Taggart, Samuel, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Londonderry, N. H., March 24, 1754; was graduated from Dartmouth col- lege in 1774 ; studied theology, licensed to preach in 1776, and was ordained to the Presbyterian ministry February 19, 1777. and installed as pastor of a church in Colerain, Mass. ; journeyed as a missionary through western New York ; elected as a Federalist to the Eighth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1803- March 3, 1817) ; died in Colerain, Mass., April 25, 1825. Tait, Charles, a Senator from Georgia ; born in Louisa county, Va., February 1, 1768 ; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and began practice in El- bert county. Ga. ; rector and instructor in the Richmond academy, in Augusta, in 1795 ; presid- ing justice of the superior court of Georgia 1803-1809 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Milledge; reelected and served from November 27, 1809, to March 3. 1819; moved to Wilcox county, Ala., in 1819; appointed by President Monroe, United States district judge for Alabama, May 10, 1820, and served until 1826, when he resigned and engaged as a planter until his death near Claiborne, Ala., October 17, 1835. Talbert, William Jasper, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Edgefield county. S. C., in 1846; attended the common schools and Due West academy. Abbeville, S. C. ; served in the Confederate army throughout the war; engaged in farming; member of the state house of representatives 1880-1 884; elected to the state senate in 1884 ; superintendent of the state penitentiary; held various positions in the Farm- ers' Alliance; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1893- March 3, 1903). Talbot, Isham, a Senator from Kentucky; born in Bedford county. Va.. in 1773; moved with his father to Harrodsburg, Ky. ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the' bar, and commenced practice in Ver- sailles, Ky. ; moved to Frankfort, Ky., and con- tinued practice; member of the state senate 1812-1815; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jesse Bledsoe, and served from January 3, 1815. to March 3, 1819 ; again elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Logan, and served from October 19, 1820. to March 3, 1825; died near Frankfort. Ky., September 25, 1835. Talbot, Silas, a Representative from New York: born in Dighton. Mass.. January 11, 1751; completed preparatory studies: went to sea on a coasting vessel; merchant in Providence. BIOGEAPHIES. 1041 R. I. ; lieutenant and captain in the Revolu- tionary army ; promoted to the rank of major ; commissioned captain in the Continental navy September 17, 1779, and retired September 23, 1801 ; moved to Albany, N. Y., and engaged in agricultural pursuits ; member of state house of representatives 1792-1793 ; elected as a Federal- ist to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795) ; again commissioned by President Washington. May 11, 1798, captain in the United States navy; resigned September 21, 1801; died in New York City, June 30, 1813. Talbott, Albert Gallatin, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Bourbon county, Ky., April 4, 1808 ; completed preparatory studies ; located in Danville, Ky. ; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1859) ; died in Philadelphia, Pa., September 8, 1887 ; interment in Danville, Ky. Talbott, Joshua Frederick C., a Representa- tive from Maryland ; born near Lutherville, Bal- timore county, Md., July 29, 1843 ; attended the public schools ; began the study of law in 1862 ; joined the Confederate army in 1864, and served as a private in the second Maryland cavalry throughout the war ; was admitted to the bar September 6, 1866; prosecuting attorney for Bal- timore county 1871-1875 ; defeated for reelec- tion ; delegate to the Democratic national con- vention in St. Louis, Mo., in 1876, and the con- vention of 1904; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1885) ; ap- pointed insurance commissioner of Maryland in October, 1889, and resigned in January, 1893 ; reelected to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895) ; again elected to the Fifty- eighth, Fifty-ninth. Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4. 1903-March 3, 1911) ; dele- gate to the Democratic national convention in Denver, Colo., in 1908. Reelected to the Sixty- second Congress. Taliaferro, Benjamin, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Virginia in 1750 ; completed preparatory studies ; served in the Revolutionary war as a lieutenant in the rifle corps commanded by Gen. Morgan ; was promoted to captain ; cap- tured by the British at Charleston ; after independence had been established located in Georgia ; member of the state senate and its president; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1798 ; elected to the Sixth and Seventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1799, until his resignation in 1802 ; judge of the superior court; died in Wilkes county, Ga., Sep- tember 3, 1821. Taliaferro, James Piper, a Senator from Florida ; born in Orange, Va., September 30, 1847 ; attended the common schools and the William Dinwiddie school in Greenwood, Va. ; enlisted in the Confederate army in 1864, and served until the war ended ; resumed his studies in college ; moved to Jacksonville, Fla. ; engaged in the lumber business; president of the First National Bank of Tampa ; elected as a Demo- crat, April 19, 1899, to the United States Sen- ate, for the term commencing March 4, 1899; reelected in 1905, and served from April 19, 1899, to March 3, 1911; resumed business in Jacksonville, Fla. Taliaferro, John, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Hays, King George county, Va., in 1768; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Fredericksburg, Va. ; elected as a Democrat to the Seventh Congress (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1803): presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1805; successfully contested the election of John Hungerford to the Twelfth Congress, and served from December 2, 1811, to March 3, 1813 ; presidential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1821 ; elected to the Eighteenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of William L. Ball; reelected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses, and served from April 8, 1824, to March 3, 1831; again elected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1835- March 3, 1843) ; librarian of the United States Treasury department, 1850, until his death in his residence, *' Hagley," in King George county, Va., August 12, 1852. Tallmadge, Benjamin, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Brookhaven, Long Island, N. Y., February 25, 1754; was graduated from Yale college in 1773 ; superintendent of Wethers- field high school 1773-1776; joined the Revolu- tionary army as lieutenant in the Continental line, June 20, 1776 ; promoted captain of dra- goons December 15, 1776; major, April 7, 1777, and colonel, September 5, 1779 ; led the expedi- tion against Fort George, at Oyster Bay, L. I., for which he received the thanks of Congress ; in charge of Major John Andre until his execution ; postmaster of Litchfield, Conn. ; held several local offices; elected as a Federalist to the Sev- enth, and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1817) ; died in Litch- field, Conn., March 6, 1835. Tallmadge, Frederick Augustus, a Repre- sentative from New York ; born in Litchfield, Conn., August 29, 1792 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1811 ; studied law in the Litch- field law school, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New York City in 1813 ; served in the War of 1812 ; alderman of New York City in 1834 ; common councilman in 1836 ; member of the state senate 1837-1840; recorder of the city of New York 1841-1846; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; again recorder of the city of New York 1848-1851 ; superintendent of the Metropolitan police 1857-1862; clerk of the New York court of appeals 1862-1865; resumed the practice of law in New York City ; died in Litchfield, Conn., September 17, 1869. Tallmadge, James, a Representative from New York ; born in Stanfordville, Duchess county, N. Y., January 28, 1778; was graduated from Brown university in 1798; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Pough- keepsie, N. Y., and in New York City ; served in the War of 1812, and commanded a company of home guards in defense of New York ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); declined a renomination ; delegate in the state constitutional conventions of 1821 and 1846; member of the state assembly in 1824 ; lieutenant governor of New York 1826- 1S27; died in New York City, September 29, 1853. 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 66 1042 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Tallmadge, Nathaniel Pitcher, a Senator from New York ; born in Chatham, Columbia county, N. Y., February 8, 1795 ; was graduated from Union college in 1815; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1818, and began practice in Poughkeepsie, N. Y. ; member of the state house of -representatives in 1828, served in the state senate 183O-1833; elected as a Conserva- tive Democrat to the United States Senate; reelected in 1839, and served from March 4, 1833, until June 17, 1844, when he resigned ; appointed by President Tyler governor of Wisconsin Terri- tory; resided in Fond du Lac, Wis., from Sep- tember 13, 1844, until his removal from office, May 13, 1845; died in Battle Creek, Mich., No- vember 2, 1864. Tallman, Peleg, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts ; born in Tiverton, R. I., July 24, 1764 ; attended the public schools ; served in the Revo- lutionary war on the privateer Trmnltull, and lost an arm in an engagement in 1780 ; captured and imprisoned in England and Ireland 1781- 1783; became a merchant in Bath, Me.; elected as a Democrat to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813) ; declined a renomina- tion; member of the state senate 1821-1822; died in Bath, Me., March 12, 1840. Tannehill, Adamson, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Frederick county, Md., in 1752 ; attended the public schools ; served in the Revolutionary War as captain of rifle- men; moved to Pennsylvania and became a farmer near Pittsburgh; held several local offices; brigadier general of Pennsylvania volun- teers in the United States service from Septem- ber 25, 1812, until December 31, 1812; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815) ; died near Pitts- burgh, Pa., July 7, 1817. Tanner, Adolphus Hitchcock, a Representa- tive from New York ; born in Granville, N. Y., May 23, 1833 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Whitehall, N. Y. ; entered the Union army in 1862 as a captain, and made lieutenant colonel of the one hundred and twenty-third regiment of New York volunteer infantry ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; died in Whitehall, N. Y., January 14, 1882. Tappan, Benjamin, a Senator from Ohio; born in Northampton, Mass., May 25, 1773; at- tended the public schools ; printer and engraver ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and be- gan practice in Steubenville, Ohio, in 1799 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1803 ; served in the War of 1812 as aid to Gen. William Wadsworth ; held several local posi- tions; county judge and judge of the fifth Ohio circuit court of common pleas ; United States district judge of Ohio in 1833 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1839. to March 3, 1845; died in Steubenville, Ohio, April 20, 1857. Tappan, Mason Weare, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Newport, Sullivan county, N. H., October 20, 1817; attended Kim- ball Union academy ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1841, and began practice in Brad- ford, N. H. ; served in the state house of repre- sentatives 1853-1855; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1861) ; served in the Union army as colonel of the first New Hampshire volunteer infantry; again a member of the state legislature 1860-1861 ; re- sumed the practice of law; appointed attorney general of the state in 1876, which position he held until his death in Bradford, N. H., October 26, 1886. Tarbox, John Kemble, a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Methuen, near Law- rence, Mass., May 6, 1838 ; pursued classical studies ; engaged in newspaper work ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1860, and prac- ticed ; served in the Union army as first lieuten- ant in the eighth Massachusetts volunteer infan- try; member of the state house of representa- tives 1868, 1870, and 1871, and of the state sen- ate in 1872; mayor of Lawrence in 1873 and 1874 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877) ; unsuc- cessful candidate for reelection to the Forty-fifth Congress; city solicitor of Lawrence, Mass., in 1882 and 1883 ; insurance commissioner of Mas- sachusetts 1884-1887; died in Boston, Mass., May 28, 1887. Tarr, Christian, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Baltimore, Md. ; moved to Pennsylvania ; received a limited schooling ; elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821). Tarsney, John C., a Representative from Missouri ; born in Lenawee county, Mich., No- vember 7, 1845; attended the common schools; enlisted in the fourth regiment Michigan infan- try in August, 1862 ; mustered out of the service in June, 1865 ; entered the high school in Hud- son, Mich. ; was graduated in March, 1869, from the law department of the University of Michi- gan, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Hudson, Mich. ; moved to Kansas City, Mo., in 1872; city attorney of Kansas City in 1874 and 1875 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 9, 1889-March 3, 1895) ; presented credentials as a Member elect to the Fifty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1895, to February 27, 1896, when he was succeeded by Robert T. Van Horn, who contested his election; associate justice of the supreme court of Oklahoma 1896-1899. Tarsney, Timothy Edward, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Ransom, Hillsdale county, Mich., February 4, 1849; attended the common schools ; became a marine engineer ; was graduated from the law department of Michigan University in 1872, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in East Saginaw, Mich. ; justice of the peace 1873-1874 ; city attorney 1875-1878, when he resigned : elected as a Democrat to the Forty- ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885- March 3, 1889) ; moved to Detroit, Mich., and engaged in the practice of law; corporation counsel of Detroit ; died in Detroit, Mich., June 8, 1909. Tate, Farish Carter, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Jasper, Pickens county, Ga., November 20, 1856 ; attended the common schools and North Georgia agricultural college, in Dah- lonega, Ga. ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1880 ; member of the general assem- bly of Georgia six years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1905) ; BIOGRAPHIES. 1043 elected United States district attorney for the northern district of Georgia ; a resident of Jas- per, Ga. Tate, Magnus, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Berkeley county, Va., in 1760 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; engaged in agricultural pursuits; ap- pointed justice of the Berkeley county court, May 19, 1798; sheriff of Berkeley county, 1819- 1820; moved to Virginia; elected to the house of delegates of Virginia, 1797, 1S03, 1809 and 1810; elected as a Federalist to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817); died near Martinsburg, Va., March 30, 1823. Tattnall, Edward F., a Representative from Georgia ; a native of Savannah, Ga. ; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821-March3, 1827). Tattnall, Josiah, a Senator from Georgia; born in Bonaventure, Ga., in 1764 ; completed preparatory studies; went with his father to England at the outbreak of the Revolutionary war, and attended Eaton college; ran away from England and enlisted under Gen. Anthony Wayne in 1782 ; colonel of a regiment of state troops in 1793 for protection against the Indians, and was promoted to brigadier general in 1801 ; member of the state house of represenatives 1795-1796 ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of James Jack- son, and served from February 20, 1796, to March 3, 1799 ; governor of Georgia 1801 ; re- signed in November, 1802 ; died in Nassau, New Providence, June 6, 1803 ; interment in Bonaven- ture, Ga. Tatum, Absalom, a Representative from North Carolina ; elected to the Fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1795, to 1796, when he resigned. Taul, Micah, a Representative from Ken- tucky ; native of Virginia ; moved to Kentucky ; elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817.) Taulbee, William Preston, a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Morgan county, Ky., October 22, 1851 ; attended private schools ; stud- ied for the ministry; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1881 ; elected clerk of the Magoffln county court in 1878 and 1882; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889) ; declined a renomination ; died in Wash- ington, D. C., March 11, 1890. Tawney, James Albertus, a Representative from Minnesota : born in Mount Pleasant town- ship, near Gettysburg, Adams county, Pa., Jan- uary 3, 1855 ; apprenticed with his father as a blacksmith ; subsequently learned the trade of machinist ; moved to Winona, Minn., August 1, 1877. where he was employed as a blacksmith and machinist until January 1, 1881; studied law and was admitted to the bar July 10, 1882 ; attended the law school of the University of Wisconsin ; elected to the state senate of Minne- sota in 1890 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third, and to the eight succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1911) ; unsuc- cessful candidate for renomination ; appointed by President Roosevelt a member of the Interna- tional Joint Commission for the settlement of questions between the United States and Canada. Tayler, Robert Walker, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Youngstown, Ohio, Novem- ber 26. 1852 ; was graduated from Western Re- serve university June. 1872 ; taught in the high school in New Lisbon (now Lisbon), Ohio; superintendent of schools 1873-1874 ; editor of the Buckeye State, a newspaper, in New Lisbon, Ohio, from January, 1875, to November, 1876 ; was admitted to the bar in April, 1877, and commenced practice; elected prosecuting attor- ney of Columbiana county in 1880 and served until January, 1886; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth, and to the three succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1903; declined a renomination to the Fifty-eighth Congress ; resumed the practice of law in Youngstown, Ohio ; appointed by President Roosevelt United States district judge for the northern district of Ohio; died in Cleveland, Ohio, November 25, 1910; interment in Lisbon, Ohio. Taylor, Abner, a Representative from Illi- nois; born in Maine; contractor, builder, and merchant ; member of the general assembly 1884- 1886; delegate in the Republican national con- vention of 1884 ; moved to Chicago, 111. ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first and Fifty- second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893) ; died in Washington, D. C., April 14, 1903. Taylor, Alexander Wilson, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Indiana county, Pa., March 22, 1815; pursued classical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and be- gan practice in 1841 ; clerk of the court of Indi- ana county 1845-1848; member of the state legislature 1859-1860; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1875) ; resumed the practice of law in Indiana, Pa. Taylor, Alfred Alexander, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Happy Valley, Carter county, Tenn., August 6, 1848; attended the schools of Edge Hill and Pennington, N. J. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1870, and practiced; member of the state legislature 1875-1876; candidate for elector on the Hayes and Wheeler ticket in 1876 ; candidate for elector on the Garfield and Arthur ticket in 1880 ; unsuc- cessful Republican candidate for governor in 1886; delegate in the Republican national con- vention of 1888 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1895) ; declined further renomination ; engaged in the practice of law in Johnson City, Tenn., and interested in agricultural pursuits. Taylor, Arthur H., a Representative from Indiana ; born in Caledonia Springs, Canada, February 29, 1852; moved with his parents to Yates county, N. Y., and from there to Indian- apolis, Ind. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced; elected prosecuting attorney for the eleventh judicial circuit of Indiana in 1880 and 1882; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895) ; resumed the practice of law in Indianapolis, Ind. Taylor, Caleb N., a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Berks county, Pa., July 27, 1813; completed preparatory studies; engaged 1044 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. in farming ; held several local offices ; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869) ; successfully contested the election of John R. Reading to the Forty-first Congress, and served from April 13, 1870, until March 3, 1871. Taylor, Edward Livingston, jr., a Repre- sentative from Ohio ; born in Columbus, Ohio, August 10, 1869; attended the public schools, and was graduated from the Columbus high school ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1891, and practiced in Columbus; was elected prosecuting attorney of Franklin county, Novem- ber 4, 1899 ; reelected November 6, 1902 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty -first Congresses (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1911*). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Taylor, Edward Thomas, a Representative from Colorado ; born in Metamora, Woodford county, 111., June 19, 1858 ; attended the common schools of Illinois and Kansas, and was gradu- ated from the high school in Leavenworth, Kans., in 1881 ; moved to Leadville, Colo. ; prin- cipal of Leadville high school 1881-1882 ; studied law, was graduated from the university of Michigan in 1884, admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Leadville, Colo. ; elected superintendent of schools of Lake county in 1884; deputy district attorney in 1885; in 1886 moved to Aspen, Colo., and in 1887 to Glenwood Springs, and continued to practice his profes- sion ; elected district attorney of the ninth judi- cial district in 1887 ; member of the state senate 1896-1908, and served as president pro tempore for one term ; city attorney five terms and county attorney two terms ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Sixty -first Congress (March 4, 1909- March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Taylor, Ezra Booth, a Representative from Ohio, born in Nelson, Portage county, Ohio, July 9, 1823 ; attended common and select schools and academies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Portage county in 1845 ; elected prosecuting attorney in 1854 ; moved to Warren, Trumbull county, Ohio, in 1861 ; judge of the court of common pleas for the ninth judicial district from March, 1877, until his resignation, September 5, 1880; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy, caused by the resignation of James A. Garfield ; reelected to the Forty-seventh, and to the five succeeding Congresses, and served from December 13, 1880, to March 3, 1893; re- sumed the practice of law; died in Warren, Ohio, January 29, 1912. Taylor, George, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Ireland in 1716 ; received a good schooling : came to the United States in 1736 and settled in Durham, Pa. ; engaged in the man- ufacture of iron in Northampton, Pa. ; member of the colonial house of representatives 1764- 1769; colonel of militia; appointed judge of the county court in 1770 ; again a member of the provincial house of representatives in 1775; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1776-1777 ; signer of the Declaration of Independence: moved to Easton, Pa., and died there February 23, 1781. Taylor, George, a Representative from New York, born in Wheeling, Va., October 19, 1820; completed preparatory studies ; studied medi- cine; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Indiana ; moved to Alabama in 1844; moved to Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1848, where he practiced; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-sixth Con- gress; resumed the practice of law in Washing- ton, D. C., and died there January 18, 1894. Taylor, George Washington, a Representative from Alabama ; born in Montgomery county, Ala., January 16. 1849; while a schoolboy in Columbia, S. C., enlisted in the Confederate army; served a few weeks with the South Caro- lina state troops on the coast near Savannah, Ga., and then enlisted in company D, first regi- ment South Carolina cavalry, and served as a courier until the end of the war; was graduated from the South Carolina university in 1867 ; taught school, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Mobile, Ala., in 1871 ; member of the state assembly of Alabama in 1878 ; state so- licitor for the first judicial district of Alabama, 1890-1892; declined further election; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1911) ; chairman of the Alabama state Demo- cratic convention in 1901. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Taylor, Isaac Hamilton, a Representative from Ohio ; born near New Harrisburg, Carroll county, Ohio, April 18, 1840 ; attended the com- mon schools and completed an academic course ; studied law. and was admitted to the bar ; clerk of courts in Carroll county, Ohio, from January, 1870, until February, 1877; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887). Taylor, John, a Senator from Virginia ; born in Caroline county, Va., in 1750; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1770 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 1774 ; served in the Revolutionary War as major ; member of the state legislature 1779-1787; colonel of militia under Gen. La- fayette; retired from the practice of law and engaged in agricultural pursuits; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Richard Henry Lee; reelected for tfie term commencing March 4, 1793 ; and served from October 18, 1792, until his resignation May 11, 1794 ; presi- dential elector on the Adams- Jefferson ticket in 1797; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by death of Stevens T. Mason, and served from June 4, 1803, until De- cember 7, 1803 ; again elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of James Pleasants; reelected, and served from December 18, 1822, until his death in Caroline county, Va., August 20, 1824. Taylor, John, a Representative and a Senator from South Carolina ; born near Columbia, S. C., May 4, 1770; was graduated from Princeton college in 1790 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1793 began practice in Columbia, S. C. ; engaged in planting ; member of both houses of the state legislature for several years ; elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1807, until his resig- nation, December 31, 1810 ; elected to the United BIOGRAPHIES. 1045 States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Sumter; reelected, and served from December 19, 1810, until 1816, when he resigned; again elected to the Four- teenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Fif- teenth and the Seventeenth Congresses; member of the state senate in 1822 ; governor of South Carolina 1826-1828 ; died at Taylors Hill, in Co- lumbia, S. C., February 23, 1832. Taylor, John J., a Representative from New York ; native of Massachusetts ; moved to Oswego, N. Y. ; held several local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855). Taylor, John L., a Representative from Ohio; born in Stafford county, Va., March 7, 1805; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1828, and began practice in Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1829 ; major general in the state militia for several years; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth, and to the three succeed- ing Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1855) ; served as clerk in the Interior department in Washington, D. C., and died there September 6, 1870. Taylor, John May, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Lexington, Tenn., May 18, 1838; attended the academy in Lexington and Union university, Murfreesboro, Tenn. ; was graduated from the law school of Cumber- land university, Lebanon, Tenn. ; was admitted to the bar, and practiced; enlisted in the Confederate army and was elected first lieu- tenant in June, 1861, and promoted to captain ; elected major of the twenty-seventh Tennessee regiment in 1862 ; elected mayor of Lexington in May, 1869 ; delegate in the state constitutional convention of Tennessee in 1870; attorney-gen- eral of the eleventh judicial circuit of Tennessee 1870-1878 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- eighth and Forty -ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887) ; resumed the practice of law; elected criminal judge; member of the court of civil appeals ; died in Lexington, Tenn.. February 17, 1911. Taylor, John W., a Representative from New York; born in Charlton, N. Y., March 26, 1784; was graduated from Union college in 1803 ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar in 1807, and began practice in Ballston Spa, N. Y. ; organized Ballston Centre academy ; justice of the peace in 1808; member of the state assembly, 1812- 1813 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirteenth, and to the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1833), and served as speaker during the second session of the Sixteenth Con- gress, and in the Nineteenth Congress; resumed the practice of law in Ballston Spa, N. Y. ; mem- ber of the state senate 1840-1841, but resigned in consequence of a paralytic stroke; moved to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1843, and died there Sep- tember 8, 1854. Taylor, Jonathan, a Representative from Ohio; native of Connecticut; moved to New- ark, Ohio ; held several local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841). Taylor, Joseph Banner, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Belmont county, Ohio, No- vember 7, 1830; attended the common schools and Madison college; taught school and was principal of the Fairview high school ; studied law in Cincinnati, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar in 1859; was graduated from the Cin- cinnati law college in 1860; entered the Union army as captain in the eighty-eighth Ohio vol- unteer infantry and was judge advocate of the department of Indiana ; citizen judge advo- cate in Indianapolis, Ind., in 1865 ; twice elected prosecuting attorney of Guernsey county ; dele- gate in the Philadelphia Loyalists' convention of 1866; delegate in the Republican national con- vention of 1880; elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Jonathan T. Updegraff; re- elected to the Forty-eighth Congress, and served from January 16, 1882. to March 3, 1885; re- elected to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-sec- ond Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1893) ; died in Cambridge, Ohio, September 19, 1899. Taylor, Miles, a Representative from Lou- isiana ; native of the state of New York ; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Don- aldsonville. La. ; held several local offices ; elect- ed as a Democrat to the Thirty -fourth, Thirty- fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1855, until February 5, 1861, when he retired. Taylor, Nathaniel Green, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Happy Valley, Carter county, Tenn., December 29, 1819; was gradu- ated from Princeton college in 1840; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; presidential elector on the Scott ticket in 1853; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Brookins Campbell, who never qualified, and served from March 30, 1854, to March 3, 1855; presidential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1860; reelected to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867) ; Commissioner of Indian Affairs from March 26, 1867, to April 21, 1869; died in Happy Valley, Carter county, Tenn., April 1, 1887. Taylor, Nelson, a Representative from New York ; born in South Norwalk, Conn., June 8, 1821 ; attended the common schools ; enlisted for the Mexican war as captain of the first New York infantry, August 1, 1846, and was honor- ably mustered out September 18, 1848 ; located in Stockton. Cal. ; member of the state senate in 1849 ; elected sheriff in 1855 ; president of the board of trustees of the state insane asylum 1850-1856; moved to New York City; studied law, was graduated from the Harvard law school in 1860, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for the Thirty-seventh Congress ; served in the Union army as colonel of the seventy-second New York infantry, July 23, 1861; brigadier- general of volunteers, September 7, 1862 ; re- signed from the service, January 19, 1863; re- sumed the practice of law in New York City ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867) ; died in South Norwalk, Conn., January 16, 1894. Taylor, Robert, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Orange, Va., April 29, 1763 ; com- pleted preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Orange, Va. ; held several local offices ; member of the 1046 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. state senate 1804-1806, and served as speaker; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4. 1825-March 3, 1827) ; died on his estate, " Meadow Farm," in Orange county, Va., July 3, 1845. Taylor, Robert Love, a Representative and a Senator from Tennessee; born in Happy Valley, Carter county, East Tennessee, July 31, 1850; attended common schools in Athens, Tenn., and Penuington, N. J. ; engaging in making bar-iron and in tobacco raising ; studied law in Jonesboro, Tenn., was admitted to the bar, and practiced; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881) ; unsuc- cessful candidate far reelection in 1880 and 1882; practiced law in Johnson City, Tenn., in 1880; presidential elector on the Cleveland and Hendricks ticket in 1884; pension agent in Knoxville, Tenn., 1885-1887; governor of Ten- nessee, 1887-1891; again Democratic presiden- tial elector on the Cleveland ticket in 1892 ; re- sumed the practice of law in Chattanooga. Tenn. ; again served as governor of Tennessee. 1897-1899 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in January, 1907, for the term beginning March 4, 1907, and served until his death in Washington, D. C., March 31, 1912. Taylor, Vincent Albert, a Representative from Ohio; born in Bedford, Ohio, December 6, 1845; attended the common schools; enlisted for the Civil war in May, 1864, in company H, one hundred and fiftieth Ohio volunteer infan- try, and in August of the same year in company H, one hundred and seventy-seventh Ohio vol- unteer infantry, and served until the close of the war ; began business as a manufacturer ; member of the Ohio senate, 1888-1890; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893) ; president of the Taylor Chair Company and a resident of Bedford, Ohio. Taylor, Waller, a Senator from Indiana ; born in Lunenburg county, Va., before 1786 ; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; member of the state legislature; moved to Indiana in 1805, and lo- cated in Vincennes; territorial judge in 1806; served as aid-de-camp to Gen. William H. Harri- son in the war of 1812; appointed territorial judge; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; reelected and served from No- vember 8, 1816, to March 3, 1825; died in Lunenburg, Va., August 26, 1826. Taylor, William, a Representative from New York ; born in Suffleld, Hartford county, Conn., October 12, 1791 ; moved with his parents to Onondaga county, N. Y. ; attended the public schools ; studied medicine and was admitted to practice; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1839) ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1841 and 1842 ; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1846 ; died in Manlius, N. Y., Sep- tember 16, 1865. Taylor, William, a Representative from Vir- ginia, native of Alexandria, Va. ; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Rocking- ham county, Va. ; held several local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1843, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 17, 1846 Taylor, William P., a Representative from Virginia ; born in Fredericksburg, Va. ; received a limited schooling; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1835) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Twenty-fourth Congress. Taylor, Zachary, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Haywood county, Tenn., May 9, 1849 ; attended the common schools and was graduated from the Virginia military institute as senior captain July 4, 1872; was graduated from the law school of Cumberland university. Lebanon, Tenn., in January, 1874, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Covington, Tenn., in 1878; served in the state senate in 1880 ; postmaster of Covington, Tenn., from July 1, 1883, to January 1, 1885, when he re- signed ; elected as a Republican to the Forty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1887) ; located in Memphis, Tenn., and engaged in gen- eral life insurance business ; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1896; a resi- dent of San Antonio, Tex. Tazewell, Henry, a Senator from Virginia ; born in Brunswick county, Va., in 1753; was graduated from William and Mary college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1773 began practice; member of the provincial house of burgesses in 1775 ; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1776; judge of the state supreme court 1785-1793; judge of the high court of appeals in 1793; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Taylor, and served from November 18, 1794, until his death ; elected President of the Senate pro tempore December 7, 1795; died in Philadelphia, Pa., January 24, 1799. Tazewell, Littleton Waller, a Representative and a Senator from Virginia ; born in Williams- burg, Va., December 17, 1774 ; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1791 ; studied law, was admited to the bar in 1796, and began practice in James City county ; member of the state house of delegates 1796-1800 ; elected as a Democrat to the Sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Marshall, and served from November 26, 1800, to March 3, 1801; moved to Norfolk, Va.. in 1802; repre- sentative in the Virginia legislature in 1816; one of the commissioners of claims under the treaty with Spain ceding Florida in 1820 ; de- clined the mission to Great Britain ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Taylor ; reelected, and served from December 7. 1824, to July 16. 1832, when he resigned ; elected President of the Senate pro tempore July 9, 1832; served as gov- ernor of Virginia from 1834 until his resig- nation in 1836; died in Norfolk, Va., March 6, 1860. Teese, Frederick Halstead, a Representative from New Jersey; born in Newark, N. J., Octo- ber 21, 1823 ; was graduated from Princeton col- lege in 1843 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Newark, N. J. ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1860-1861, and served as speaker; presiding judge of the court of common pleas of Essex BIOGRAPHIES. 1047 county from 1864, until his resignation in 1872 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877) ; died in New York City. January 7, 1894. Telfair, Edward, a Delegate from Georgia ; born in Scotland in 1735; pursued classical studies and was graduated from the Kirkcud- bright grammar school ; came to the United States in 1758 as agent of a commercial house and located in Virginia ; moved to Halifax, N. C. ; established a commission house in Sa- vannah, Ga., in 1766; active in pre-Revolution- ary movements ; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1777-1779 and 1780-1783; one of the signers of the Articles of Confederation ; com- missioner to treat with the Cherokees; gov- ernor of Georgia, 1786-1793 ; died in Savannah, Ga., September 17, 1807. Telfair, Thomas, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Savannah, Ga., about 1780 ; was graduated from Princeton college in 1805 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and be- gan practice in Savannah, Ga. ; elected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817) ; died in Savannah, Ga.. April 2, 1818. Teller, Henry Moore, a Senator from Colo- rado ; born in Granger, Allegany county, N. Y., May 23, 1830 ; attended Rushford academy and Alfred university ; taught school ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Binghamton, N. Y., in 1858; moved to Illinois in 1858. and to Colorado in 1861 ; major general of Colorado militia, 1862-1864; upon the admission of Col- orado as a state was elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and took his seat De- cember 4, 1876; reelected December 11, 1876, and served from November 15, 1876, until his resignation, April 17, 1882; Secretary of the In- terior in the cabinet of President Arthur, April 6. 1882-March 4, 1885; again elected as a Re- publican to the United States Senate in 1885; reelected in 1891 ; again elected, and as an In- dependent Silver Republican in 1897, and then, as a Democrat, in 1903, and served from March 4, 1885, to March 3, 1909; declined further re- nomination ; member of the Monetary Commis- sion in 1908; resumed the practice of law in Denver, Colo. Teller, Isaac, a Representative from New York ; born in Dutchess county, N. Y., in 1798 ; completed preparatory studies; held several lo- cal offices ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Gilbert Dean, and served from Decem- ber 4, 1854, to March 3. 1855; died in Mattea- wan, N. Y., April 30, 1868. Temple, William, a Representative from Delaware; born in Queen Anne county, Md., February 28. 1814 ; completed preparatory stud- ies ; merchant in Smyrna, Del. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1844, and served as speaker ; acting governor of Delaware from May. 1846. to January, 1847; member of the state senate 1845-1854; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress, but died before the assembling of the Congress, in Smyrna, Del., May 28, 1863. Tener, John Kinley, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in County Tyrone, Ireland, July 25, 1863; came to the United States in 1872; attended the public and high schools of Pittsburgh, Pa. ; was employed by manufactur- ing firms and corporations in and about Pitts- burgh, played professional base ball 1885-1890; in the banking business in Charleroi, Pa. , elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1909, to Janu- ary 16, 1911, when he resigned. Ten Eyck, Egbert, a Representative from New York; born in Schodack, Rensselaer county, N. Y., April 18, 1779 ; was graduated from Williams college in 1799; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Water- town, N. Y. ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1812-1813, and served as speaker; delegate in " the state " constitutional conven- tion in 1822; elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827); judge of the Jefferson county courts; died in Watertown, N. Y., April 11, 1844. Ten Eyck, John Conover, a Senator from New Jersey ; born in Freehold, Monmouth county, N. J., March 12, 1814 ; completed prepar- atory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1835, and began practice in Mount Holly, N. J. ; prosecuting attorney for Burling- ton county 1839-1849; delegate in the state con- stitutional convention of 1844 ; elected as' a Re- publican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1859, to March 3, 1865 ; ap- pointed a member of a commission to revise the New Jersey constitution April 24, 1875, and for a time was president of the commission ; died in Mount Holly, N. J., August 24, 1879. Tenney, Samuel, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Byfield, Mass., November 27, 1748 ; was graduated from Harvard college in 1772; taught school in Andover, Mass.; stud- ied medicine and began practice in Exeter, N. H. ; surgeon in the Revolutionary war ; after the war returned to Exeter; delegate in the state constitutional convention of 1788 ; judge of probate for Rockingham county 1793-1800; elected to the Sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William Gordon ; reelected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses, and served from December 8, 1800, to March 3, 1807 ; died in Exeter, N. H., Febru- ary 6, 1816. Terrell, Joseph Meriwether, a Senator from Georgia ; born in Greenville, Ga., June 6, 1861 ; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1882, and commenced practice in Greenville, Ga. ; served as a repre- sentative in the general assembly 1884-1887 ; member of the state senate in 1890; attorney general of Georgia 1892-1902; governor of Georgia from October, 1902. to July, 1907; re- sumed the practice of law in Atlanta, Ga. ; ap- pointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Alexander S. Clay, and served from November 17, 1910, until his resignation, July 14, 1911 ; resumed the practice of law in Atlanta, Ga.. and died there November 17, 1912 ; interment in Greenville, Ga. Terrell, William, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Fairfax county, Va., about 1786 ; moved with his parents to Georgia ; pur- sued classical studies; attended the Medical college of Philadelphia and commenced prac- tice in Sparta, Ga. ; served several terms in the 1048 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. state legislature; held various local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Fifteenth and Six- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821) ; declined a renomination ; died in Sparta, Ga., July 4, 1855. Terry, Nathaniel, a Representative from Con- necticut; born in Enfield, Conn., January 30, 1768 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1786 ; judge of Hartford county court 1807-1809; member of the state house of representatives twelve sessions; elected to the Fifteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819) ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1818; mayor of Hartford, Conn., in 1830; general of the state militia ; died in New Haven, Conn., June 14, 1844. Terry, William, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Amherst county, Va., August 14, 1824; was graduated from the University of Virginia in 1848 ; taught school ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1851, and began practice in Wytheville, Va. ; engaged in news- paper work ; served in the Confederate army as a lieutenant in the fourth Virginia infantry ; pro- moted to major in 1862 ; colonel in February, 1864, and was commissioned brigadier general May 20. 1864; resumed the practice of law in Wytheville; elected as a Conservative to the Forty-second Congress ( March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) ; reelected to the Forty-fourth Congress (Mnrch 4, 1875-March 3, 1877) ; after leaving Congress resumed the practice of law ; drowned while trying to ford Reed Creek, near Wythe- ville, Va., September 5, 1888. Terry, William Leake, a Representative from Arkansas; born in Anson county, N. C.. Sep- tember 27, 1850; moved with his parents to Tippah county, Miss., in 1857, and to Pulaski county. Ark., in 1861 ; attended Bingham's mili- tary academy, North Carolina, and was gradu- ated from Trinity college, North Carolina, in June, 1872 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in November. 1873, and practiced ; member of the city council 1877-1879; member of the state senate 1878-1879, and served as presi- dent of the senate in the session of 1879 ; city at- torney of Little Rock, Ark., 1879-1885 ; defeated for election to the Fiftieth Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1901) ; unsuccessful candidate for renomina- tion ; resumed the practice of law in Little Rock, Ark. Test, John, a Representative from Indiana, a native of Salem, N. J. ; attended the com- mon schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Brookville. Ind. ; held several local offices ; elected as a Clay Dem- ocrat to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1827) ; unsuc- cessful candidate for reelection to the Twentieth Congress; reelected as a Whig to the Twenty- first Congress (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1831) ; presiding judge of Indiana circuit court; moved to Mobile, Ala. ; died near Cambridge City, Ind., October 9, 1849. Thacher, Samuel, a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Cambridge, Mass., July 1, 1776; was graduated from Harvard college in 1793; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in New Gloucester, Mass., in 1797 ; moved to Warren, Mass., in 1800 ; member of the state house of representatives 1801-1811 ) ; elected to the Seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Silas Lee; reelected to the Eighth Congress, and served from Decem- ber 6, 1802, to March 3, 1805 ; sheriff of Lincoln county 1814-1821 ; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1824 ; moved to Bangor, Me., in 1866, and died there, July 19, 1872. Thatcher, George, a Delegate and a Repre- sentative from Massachusetts; born in Yar- mouth, Mass, (afterwards Maine), April 12, 1754 ; was graduated from Harvard college in 1776 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in York, Pa., in 1778 ; moved to Biddieford, Mass, (now Maine), in 1782; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1787-1788; elected to the First, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1801) ; dis- trict judge in Maine 1792-1800; judge of the supreme court of Massachusetts 1800-1820; judge of the supreme court of Maine 1800-1824 ; delegate in the state constitutional convention of Maine in 1819; died in Biddieford, Me., April 6, 1824. Thayer, Andrew Jackson, a Representative from Oregon ; born in Lima, N. Y., November 27, 1818; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849, and began practice in Lima ; crossed the continent in 1853. and located upon a farm near Corvallis, Oreg. ; practiced law and followed agricultural pur- suits ; moved to Trenton, Oreg., and continued in practice ; appointed by President Buchanan United States attorney for the district of Ore- gon March 2, 1859. and resigned after six months' service; presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Thirty-seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1861. to July 30, 1861, when he was succeeded by George K. Shiel, who contested his election ; state district attor- ney for second district 1862-1864 ; circuit judge of the second judicial district of Oregon from 1870 until his death in Corvallis, Oreg., April 28, 1873. Thayer, Eli, a Representative from Massa- chusetts ; born in Mendon, Mass., June 11, 1819 ; attended the common schools, the academies in Bellingham and Amherst, Mass., and the Worces- ter Manual Labor school ; taught school in Doug- lass, Mass., 1835-1836; assisted his father in a county store in Millville 1836-1840; taught school in Hopkinton, R. I., 1842, and had charge of the boys' high school in Providence. R. I.. in 1844 ; was graduated from Brown university in 1845, and was an instructor in Worcester academy 1845-1848 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, but did not practice; founded the Oread collegiate institute, a school for young women, in 1848 ; member of the Worcester school board in 1852 ; alderman of the city 1852-1853; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1853-1854 ; while in the legislature secured a charter, originated and organized the New England Emigrant Aid company, which had for its purpose the sending out of an ad- vance colony of antislavery settlers to Kansas, which resulted in that Territory being an anti- slave state; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4. 1857-March 3, 1861 ; delegate accredited from Oregon in the Republican national convention in BIOGBAPHIES. 1049 Chicago in 1860; died in Worcester, Mass., April 15, 1899. Thayer, John Milton, a Senator from Ne- braska ; born in Bellingham, Mass., January 24, 1820; was graduated from Brown university in 1841 ; moved to Nebraska in 1854 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1855, and com- menced practice in Omaha, Nebr. ; brigadier general and major general of the territorial forces operating against the Indians, 1855-1861 ; captured the Pawnees and placed them on reser- vations in 1859 ; member of the territorial legis- lature in 1860; served in the Union Army as colonel of the first Nebraska volunteer infan- try, July 21, 1861 ; promoted to brigadier gen- eral of volunteers October 4, 1862 ; appointment expired March 4, 1863; brigadier general of volunteers March 13, 1863 ; brevetted major general of volunteers March 13, 1865, for " gal- lant and meritorious service during the war " ; resigned July 19, 1865 ; returned to Omaha, Nebr. ; member of the state constitutional con- vention in 1866 ; upon the admission of Ne- braska as a state was elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 1, 1867, to March 3, 1871 ;. appointed by President Grant governor of Wyoming terri- tory February 10, 1875, and served four years ; department commander of the Grand Army of the Republic of Nebraska in 1886 ; governor of Nebraska 1887-1891; resumed the practice of law in Lincoln, Nebr., and died there March 19, 1906. Thayer, John R., a Representative from Mas- sachusetts; born in Douglass, Mass., March 9, 1845; attended the common schools and Nichols academy, in Dudley, Worcester county, and was graduated from Yale college in 1869; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1871, and com- menced practice in Worcester, Mass. ; served in the city council 18741876, and as alderman 1878-1800; one of the trustees of Nichols acad- emy for fifteen years ; unsuccessful candidate for district attorney in 1876; elected a represent- ative to the general court of Massachusetts in 1880 and 1881 ; unsuccessful candidate for mayor of Worcester in 1886; elected to the Massachusetts senate in 1890 and 1891; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh., and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1899- March 3, 1905) ; resumed the practice of law m Worcester, Mass. Thayer, Martin Russell, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Petersburg, Va., January 27, 1819 ; attended the Mount Pleasant classical institute in Amherst, Mass., and Am- herst college; moved with his parents to Phila- delphia, Pa., in 1837 ; was graduated from the university of Pennsylvania in 1840 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1842, and began prac- tice in Philadelphia, Pa. ; commissioner to revise the revenue laws of Pennsylvania in 1862; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1865) ; declined a renomination ; judge of the district court of Philadelphia 1867-1874 ; president-judge of the court of comman pleas of Philadelphia 1874 until his resignation in 1896; elected by the judges of the common pleas court prothonotary of Philadelphia ; died in Philadelphia, Pa., October 14, 1906. Theaker, Thomas Clarke, a Representative from Ohio ; born in York county, Pa., February 1, 1812; completed preparatory studies; moved to Bridgeport, Ohio, in 1830; machinist and wheelwright; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861 ) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; member of the board of commissioners to in- vestigate the Patent Office; served as commis- sioner of patents from August 17, 1865, until June fc, 1868; died in Oakland, Md., July 16, 1883; interment in Bridgeport, Ohio. Thibodeaux, Bannon Goforth, a Representa- tive from Louisiana ; born upon the St. Pridget plantation in the Parish of Terrebonne, La., December 22. 1812; attended the schools of Hagerstown, Md. ; member of the state constitu- tional conventions of Louisiana in 1845 and 1852; held several local offices; elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849) ; died in the parish of Terrebonne, La., March 5. 1866. Thistlewood, Napoleon B., a Representative from Illinois; born in Kent county, Del., March 30, 1837 ; attended the public schools ; moved to Illinois in 1858; enlisted in the Union army in 1862; commissioned by Governor Richard Yates September 24, 1864, as captain of company C, ninety-eighth Illinois infantry; served in the Army of the Cumberland, in Wilder's brigade, and with Wilson's cavalry corps, and wounded at Selma, Ala., April 2, 1865; mayor of Cairo, 111., 1879-1883 and again 1897-1901 ; department commander of the Grand Army of the Repub- lic for Illinois in 1901 ; elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of George W. Smith; reelected to the Sixty-first Congress, and served from Feb- ruary 26, 1908, to March 3, 1911. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Thomas, Benjamin Franklin, a Representa- tive from Massachusetts ; born in Boston, Mass., February 12, 1813 ; moved with his parents to Worcester in 1819; was graduated from Brown university in 1830; studied law in Cambridge, Mass., was admitted to the bar in 1833, and began practice in Worcester, Mass. ; held sev- eral local offices; member of the state house of representatives in 1842; commissioner of bank- ruptcy in 1842; judge of probate 1844-1848; presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1848; judge of the Massachusetts supreme court 1853- 1859, when he resigned ; resumed the practice of law; elected as a Conservative Unionist to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861- March 3, 1863) ; engaged in the practice of law; nominated by Governor Bullock for chief jus- tice of the supreme court of Massachusetts in 1868, but the nomination was not confirmed by the council ; died in Salem, Mass., September 27, 1878. Thomas, Charles Randolph, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Beaufort, Carteret county, N. C., February 7. 1827 ; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in June, 1849 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Beaufort, N. C. ; moved to Newbern, N. C., and practiced ; member of the state convention of North Carolina in 1861 ; elected secretary of state of North Carolina in 1864 ; judge of the superior court in April, 1868 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second 1050 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1871- March 3, 1875) ; resumed the practice of law in Newbern, N. C., and died there February 18, 1891. Thomas, Charles Randolph, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Beaufort, N. C., August 21, 1861; attended the Newbern acad- emy, the Emerson institute, Washington. D. C., and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1881; studied law with his father and in the Greensboro law school, North Caro- lina ; was admitted to the bar in October, 1882, and commenced practice in Newbern, N. C. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1887 ; attorney for the county of Craven 1890- 1896; Democratic presidential elector in 1896; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1899- March 3, 1911 ; declined a renomination to the Sixty-second Congress; resumed the practice of law in Newbern, N. C. Thomas, Christopher Yancy, a Representa- tive from Virginia ; born in Pittsylvania county, Va., March 24, 1818; attended the common schools and was graduated from a private acad- emy in 1838 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1844, and began practice in Martinsville, Va. ; member of the state senate 1860-1864; member of commission to settle the boundary line between Virginia and North Carolina ; prosecuting attorney for Henry county ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1868 ; elected in 1869 to the state house of representa- tives ; elected as a Republican to the Forty- third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress; resumed the practice of law; died in Martinsville, Va., February 11, 1879. Thomas, David, a Representative from New York ; native of Washington county, N. Y. ; com- pleted preparatory studies; member of the state house of representatives 17941800; elected as a Democrat to the Seventh and to the three succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1801, to May 1, 1808. when he resigned ; treas- urer of the state of New York 1812-1833. Thomas, Francis, a Representative from Maryland ; born in Frederick county, Md., Feb- ruary 3, 1799 ; attended St. John's college, An- napolis ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1820, and began practice in Franklinville, Md. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1822, 1827, and 1829, and served the last year as speaker; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- second, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1841) ; president of the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal company 1839-1840; governor of Maryland 1841-1844 ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; member of the state constitutional convention of 1850; reelected as a Union Republican to the Thirty-seventh, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1869) ; collector of internal rev- enue 1870-1872; delegate in the Loyalist con- vention of 1866; United States minister to Peru from March 25, 1872. to July 9, 1875; retired from public life and devoted his time to agri- cultural pursuits ; killed by a locomotive while walking on the railroad tracks near Franklin- ville, Md., January 22, 1876. Thomas, George Morgan, a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Lewis county, Ky., No- vember 23, 1828 ; attended the common schools ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1851, and practiced ; elected county attorney of Lewis county as a Whig in 1854, and served four years; elected to the state legislature in 1859 and 1861 ; commonwealth attorney for the tenth judicial district ; Republican presidential elec- tor in 1864, 1868, and 1872; county judge in 1868 ; Republican candidate for lieutenant gov- ernor in 1871 ; again a member of the legislature in 1872 and 1873 ; circuit judge in the fourteenth judicial district 1874-1880; United States dis- trict attorney 1881-1885 ; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889) ; appointed solicitor of internal rev- enue by President McKinley ; a retired resi- dent of Vanceburg. Ky. Thomas, Henry Franklin, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Tompkins, Jackson county, Mich., December 17, 1843; attended Al- bion college in 1859 ; enlisted in the seventh Michigan cavalry as a private in 1862 ; promoted to first sergeant of company D, and in July, 1864, promoted to be second lieutenant; re- newed his studies in the Ypsilanti normal school ; was graduated from the medical de- partment of Michigan university in 1868, and commenced practice in Constantine, St. Joseph county, Mich. ; moved to Allegan, Mich., in 1870 ; member of the state house of representatives 1873-1874 ; served in the state senate 1875-1876 ; delegate in the Republican national convention of 1884 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897) ; surgeon in the Michigan soldiers home 1907-1908 ; member of the Michi- gan pardon board 1909-1910 ; retired from the practice of medicine and a resident of Allegan, Mich. Thomas, Isaac, a Representative from Ten- nessee; elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817). Thomas, James Houston, a Representative from Tennessee ; born in Iredell county, N. C., September 22, 1808; was graduated from Co- lumbia college, Tennessee, in 1830; studied law, was admitted to the bar. and began practice in Columbia, Tenn. ; attorney general of Tennessee 1836-1842; elected as a Democrat to the Thir- tieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1851) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; reelected to the Thirty-sixth Con- gress (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1861). Thomas, Jesse Burgess, a Delegate from the territory of Indiana and a Senator from Illi- nois ; born in Shepherdstown, Va., in 1777 ; moved with his parents to Kentucky in 1779 ; studied law in Mason county, Ky., was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Lawrenceburg, In- diana territory, in 1803 ; member of the terri- torial legislature in 1805-1808, and served as speaker of the house ; elected a Delegate from Indiana territory to the Tenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Ben- jamin Parke, and served from December 1, 1808, to March 3. 1809; moved to Kaskaskia and later to Edwardsville, 111. ; upon the organi- zation of the territory was appointed judge of the United States court for the northwestern judicial district; delegate in the state consti- BIOGKAPHIES. 1051 tutional convention of 1818, and served as presi- dent of the body ; upon the admission of Illinois as a state was elected as a Whig to the United States Senate; reelected in 1823, and served from December 3, 1818, to March 3, 1829; dele- gate in the Whig national convention in Harris- burg, Pa., in 1839; moved to Mount Vernon, Ohio, and died there May 3, 1853. Thomas, John Chew, a Representative from Maryland ; born in Perryville, Cecil county, Md., October 15, 1764 ; was graduated from the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania in 1783 ; moved to Anne Arundel county, Md. ; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in Philadelphia, Pa., Decem- ber 15, 1787 ; elected as a Federalist to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801) ; died in Leiperville. Pa., May 10, 1836. Thomas, John Lewis, a Representative from Maryland; born in Baltimore, Md., May 20, 1835 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- tice in Baltimore, Md. ; held several city and county offices; state attorney in 1863; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1863; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867) ; unsuc- cessful Republican candidate for reelection; colector of the port of Baltimore, Md. ; died in Baltimore, Md., October 15, 1893. Thomas, John Robert, a Representative from Illinois; born in Mount Vernon, Jefferson county, 111., October 11, 1846; attended the common schools and Hunter collegiate institute, Prince- ton, Ind. ; served in the Union army during the civil war, and rose from the rank of private to that of captain of company D, one hundred and twentieth Indiana infantry ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1869; city attorney of Metropolis, 111., 1869-1870 ; served as state attor- ney from 1871 to 1874 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1889) ; United States judge in Indian Territory June 30, 1897, to June 30, 1901 ; elected first member of Congress from the Indian Territory under the Sequoyah Constitution, in 1905 ; nominated for judge of the supreme court by the first Repub- lican state convention of Oklahoma, but de- clined the nomination ; member of the Okla- homa State Code Commission, 1908-1910; re- sumed the practice of law in Muskogee, Okla. Thomas, Lot, a Representative from Iowa ; born near Markleysburg, Fayette county, Pa., October 17, 1843; attended the district school and Vermillion institute, in Hayesville, Ohio ; moved to Iowa in 1868 ; taught school a couple of terms in New Virginia, Warren county ; at- tended the law department of the Iowa state university in Iowa City, and was admitted to the bar ; moved to Buena Vista county and located in Storm Lake in 1870, and commenced practice ; judge of the fourteenth judicial dis- trict of Iowa from January, 1885, until his res- ignation August 26. 1898; elected as a Repub- lican to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, ,^nd Fifty- eighth . Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1905) ; died on a train near Yuma, Ariz., March 16, 1905. Thomas, Ormsby B., a Representative from Wisconsin ; born in Sandgate, Bennington county, Vt, August 21, 1832; moved with his parents to Wisconsin in 1836 ; attended the com- mon schools and was graduated from the National law school of Poughkeepsie. N. Y. ; was admitted to the bar in Albany, N. Y., in 1856, and practiced in Prairie du Chien, Wis. ; dis- trict attorney of Crawford county, Wis.; mem- ber of the state assembly in 1862, 1865, and 1867, and of the Wisconsin state senate in 1880 and 1881 ; Republican presidential elector in 1872; served in the Union army during the civil war as captain of company D, thirty-first regiment Wisconsin volunteer infantry ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3. 1891 ) ; resumed the practice of law in Prairie du Chien, Wis., and died there, October 24, 1904. Thomas, Philemon, a Representative from Louisiana ; born in Orange county, Va., Febru- ary 9, 1763; attended the public schools; served in the Revolutionary war; moved to Kentucky; delegate to the state constitutional convention; member of the state legislature ; moved to Louisiana in 1806, and settled on the banks of the lower Mississippi river ; member of the state legislature; leader of an uprising against the Spanish authorities, who exercised authority over what is now Mississippi and Louisiana in 1810-1811 ; major general of Louisiana militia 1814-1815, and served in that capacity in the war of 1812 ; settled in Baton Rouge, La. ; elected to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835) ; died in Baton Rouge, La., November 18, 1847. Thomas, Philip Francis, a Representative from Maryland ; born in Easton, Talbot county, Md., September 12, 1810 ; attended the academy in Easton, and was graduated from Dickinson college, Carlisle, Pa., in 1830; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Easton, Md. ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1836 ; member of the state house of delegates, 1838, 1843, and 1845; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841) ; declined a renomination ; resumed the practice of law; governor of Mary- land 1848-1851 ; judge of the land office court of eastern Maryland ; comptroller of the United States Treasury 1851-1853; collector of the port of Baltimore, Md., 1853-1860 ; declined the posi- tion of treasurer of the United States tendered him by President Buchanan ; United States com- missioner of patents from February 16 to De- cember 10, 1860; Secretary of the Treasury of the United States from December 10, 1860, to January 11, 1861 ; reelected to the state house of delegates in 1866; presented credentials as a Senator-elect to the United States Senate, but, on February 19, 1868, was refused a seat on the ground of " having given aid and comfort to the rebellion " ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877) ; again elected a representative to the Maryland legislature in 1878 ; resumed the prac- tice of law in Easton, Md., and died there Octo- ber 2, 1890. Thomas, Richard, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in West Whiteland, Pa., December 30, 1744 : attended the common schools; served in the Revolutionary army and commanded the fifth battalion Chester county militia of the Flying Camp; elected to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sitxth Congresses (March 4, 1052 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOEY. 1795-March 3, 1801) ; died in Philadelphia, Pa., January 19, 1832. Thomas, Robert Young, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Logan county, Ky., July 13, 1856; attended the common schools and was graduated from Bethel college, Rus- sellville, Ky. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice; member of the state legislature in 1886; served as common- wealth's attorney for the seventh judicial dis- trict; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty- first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Thomas, William Aubrey, a Representative from Ohio; born in Wales June 7, 1866; at- tended the public schools of Niles and Mount Union college, Alliance, Ohio, and later Rens- selaer polytechnic institute, Troy, N. Y. ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles Dick; reelected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses, and served from Decem- ber 5, 1904, 'to March 3, 1911; engaged in the manufacture of iron in Niles, Ohio. Thomasson, William Poindexter, a Repre- sentative from Kentucky; born in New Castle, Henry county, Ky., October 8, 1797; completed preparatory studies; served in Captain Dun- can's company in the War of 1812 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Corydon, Ind. ; served in the Indiana state leg- islature; prosecuting attorney of Corydon in 1818; in 1841 moved to Louisville, Ky. ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3. 1847) ; declined a renomination ; moved to Chi- cago, 111., and resumed the practice of law ; served in the Union army in the seventy-first regiment of New York volunteer infantry ; died in Lagrange county, Ky., December 22, 1882. Thompson, Albert Clifton, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Brookville, Jeffer- son county, Pa., January 23, 1842 ; attended the common schools and Jefferson college, Cannons- burg, Pa. ; served in the Union army during the civil war as second lieutenant of company B, one hundred and fifth Pennsylvania volunteer infantry; promoted to captain of company K, in the same regiment, November 28, 1861, and served until March 23, 1863, when he was dis- charged for wounds received in battle; studied law, and was admitted to the bar December 13, 1864, and commenced practice in Portsmouth, Ohio, in 1865 ; elected probate judge of Scioto county, Ohio, in October, 1869 ; elected common pleas judge of the seventh judicial district of Ohio in October, 1881 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891) ; after leaving Congress resumed the practice of law ; appointed by President McKinley chairman of the commission to revise and codify the criminal and penal laws of the United States June 21. 1897 ; appointed United States judge for the southern district of Ohio September 13. 1898: died in Cincinnati, Ohio, January 26, 1910. Thompson, Benjamin, a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Charlestown, Mass., Au- gust 5, 1798; attended the public schools; mer- chant ; member of the state house of representa- tives 1830-1831 and 1833-1836; served in the state senate in 1841; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847) ; declined a renomination; reelected to the Thirty-second Congress and served from March 4, 1851, until his death in Charlestown, Mass., September 24, 1852. Thompson, Charles Perkins, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Braintree, Mass., July 30, 1827; attended the public schools and the Hollis institute of Braintree; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1854, and began practice in Gloucester, Mass., in 1857; United States assistant district attorney 1855-1857; member of the state house of representatives in 1871 and 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to 1 the Forty-fifth Congress; city solicitor of Gloucester, Mass., in 1874, 1875, 1877, 1879; un- successful Democratic candidate for governor of Massachusetts in 1880 and in 1881 ; judge of the superior court of Massachusetts 1885-1894 ; died in Gloucester, Mass., January 19, 1894. Thompson, Charles Winston, a Representa- tive from Alabama ; born in Macon county, near Tuskegee, Ala., December 30, 1860 ; attended the common schools, the Park High School in Tus- kegee, Ala., and was graduated from Bryant & Stratton's Business College, Louisville, Ky., in 1878; engaged in the mercantile business; ap- pointed by Governor Joseph F. Johnston in 1896 a member of his staff as lieutenant colonel and served in that capacity until the end of his term ; president of the bank of Tuskegee, Ala. ; county superintendent of education for Macon county from 1886 to 1888; member of the senate of Alabama in 1898; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses and served from March 4. 1901. until his death in Washington, D. C., March 20, 1904. Thompson, Fountain L., a Senator from North Dakota ; bom near Scottsville, 111., No- vember 18, 1854 ; moved, to Girard, 111., in 1865, where he resided until 1888; attended grammar and high schools in Girard, 111. ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, but did not practice ; member of the board of supervisors of Macoupin county ; entered mercantile business in 1872; moved to a farm near Cando, Towner county, N. D., in 1888; delegate in the first Democratic county convention that assembled after statehood, and was chosen chairman ; county judge for eight years; in 1891 he en- gaged in the real estate and loan business in Cando, and later established the Thompson realty company, of which company he was presi- dent; vice-president of the First National bank of Cando. and president of the First National bank of Rocklake; interested in farming; school director six years, alderman of Cando four years, and mayor two years ; appointed as a Democrat United States Senator to fill vacancy caused by the death of Martin N. Johnson, and served from November 10, 1909, to January 31, 1910, when he resigned. Thompson, George Western, a Representa- tive from Virginia ; born in St. Clairsville, Ohio, May 14, 1806 ; was graduated from Jeffer- son college in 1824; studied law in Richmond, Va., was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in St. Clairsville, Ohio ; moved to west- ern Virginia; appointed United States attorney for the district of Virginia in 1849; elected as BIOGRAPHIES. 1053 a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress and served from March 4, 1851, until his resig- nation, July 30, 1852 ; judge of the circuit court of Virginia ; retired from the practice of law and resided on his estate near Wheeling, W. Va., until his death February 24, 1888. Thompson, Hedge, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Salem, N. J., in 1779 : elected to the Twentieth Congress and served from March 4, 1827, until his death in Salem, N. J., July 23, 1828. Thompson, Jacob, a Representative from Mississippi ; born in Leasburg, Caswell county. N. C., May 15, 1810; was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1831; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1834, and in 1835 began practice in Chickasaw county, Miss. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1851) ; declined a renomination ; declined an appointment to the United States Senate tendered by Governor Brown in 1845 ; Secretary of the Interior under President Bu- chanan from March 6, 1857, until he resigned, January 8, 1861 ; served as inspector-general in the Confederate army ; governor of Mississippi 1862-1864 ; confidential agent of the Confederacy to Canada 1864-1865; died in Memphis, Tenn., March 24, 1885. Thompson, James, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Middlesex, Butler county, Pa., October 1, 1806; completed preparatory studies ; learned the printer's trade ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1829, and began practice in Erie, Pa. ; member of the state house of representatives 1832-1834, and served as speaker in 1834 ; presidential elector on the Van Buren ticket in 1836 ; delegate to the state con- stitutional convention in 1838; presiding judge of the sixth judicial district court 1838-1844; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1851) ; resumed the practice of law; again a member of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1855 ; declined further renomina- tion ; judge of the supreme court of Pennsyl- vania 1857-1866; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; chief justice of the supreme court of Pennsylvania 1866-1872; resumed the prac- tice of law in Philadelphia. Pa., and died there January 28, 1874. Thompson, Joel, a Representative from New York ; born in Stanford, Dutchess county, N. Y., October 3, 1760; attended the common schools in Smyrna, N. Y., and was graduated from Union College ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; served several years in the state assembly; served in the Revolution- ary War; elected as a Federalist to the Thir- teenth Congress (March 4, 1913-March 3,1815) ; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., February 8, 1843. Thompson, John, a Representative from New York ; native of Stillwater, N. Y. ; attended the common schools ; held several local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Sixth Congress (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1801) ; again elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1811). Thompson, John, a Representative from New York; born in Rhinebeck, N. Y., July 4, 1809; was graduated from Union and Yale colleges ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and be- gan practice in Poughkeepsie. N. Y. ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1859) ; died in New Hamburg, N. Y., June 1, 1890. Thompson, John Burton, a Representative and a Senator from Kentucky ; born near Har- rodsburg, Ky., December 14, 1810; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Harrodsburg, Ky. ; served as commonwealth's attorney ; member of the state legislature in 1835 and 1836; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Simeon H. An- derson; reelected to the Twenty-seventh Con- gress and served from December 7, 1840, to March 3, 1843; again elected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses (March 4, 1847- March 3, 1851) ; lieutenant governor of Ken- tucky 1852; elected to the United States Sen- ate and served from March 4, 1853, to March 3, 1859; died in Harrodsburg, Ky., January 7, 1874. Thompson, John McCandless, a Repre- sentative from Pennsylvania ; born in Butler county, Pa., January 4, 1829 ; attended the com- mon schools and Witherspoon institute; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1854, and began practice in Butler, Pa. ; member of the state house of representatives 1859-1860 and served one year as speaker; entered the Union army during the civil war and served as major and subsequently as lieutenant colonel of the one hundred and thirty-fourth regiment of Pennsyl- vania volunteers; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1868 ; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty-third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Ebenezer Mc- Junkin and served from January 5, 1875, to March 3, 1875 ; reelected to the Forty-fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879) ; died in Butler, Pa., September 3, 1903. Thompson, Mark, a Representative from New Jersey; elected to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1799). Thompson, Philip, a Representative from Kentucky; a native of that state; received a limited education; held several local offices; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825) ; died February 20, 1829. Thompson, Philip Burton, jr., a Representa- tive from Kentucky; born in Harrodsburg, Ky., October 15, 1845; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and 'practiced in Harrodsburg ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth, Forty-sev- enth, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1885) ; located in Washington, D. C., and died there, December 15, 1909. Thompson, Philip Rootes, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Culpeper county, Va., March 26, 1766 ; member of the state house of delegates 1793-1797; elected to the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses (March 4, 1801- March 3, 1807) ; died in Kanawha county, Va.. July 27, 1837. Thompson, Richard "Wigginton, a Repre- sentative from Indiana ; born in Culpeper county, Va., June 9, 1809; pursued classical studies; moved to Louisville, Ky., in 1831 ; clerk in a store ; moved to Lawrence county, Ind. ; taught school ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1054 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1834, and began practice in Bedford, Ind. ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1834- 1836; served iu the state senate 1836-1838 and served for a short time as president pro tempore; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; presiden- tial elector in 1840 on the Harrison and Tyler ticket; reelected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; de- clined a renomination ; declined the office of Austrian minister tendered him by President Taylor, the office of Recorder of the General Land Office tendered by President Fillmore, and a seat on the bench of the Court of Claims tendered by President Lincoln; presidential elector on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket in 1864 ; delegate to the Republican national con- vention in Chicago in 1868 and in Cincinnati in 1876; judge of the fifth Indiana circuit court 1867-1869; Secretary of the Navy under Presi- dent Hayes from March 12, 1877, until his resig- nation, December 21. 1880; chairman of the American Committee of the Panama Canal Company; director of the Panama Railroad Company; died in Terre Haute, Ind.., February 9, 1900. Thompson, Robert A., a Representative from Virginia; born in Kanawha, Va. (now West Virginia) ; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-first Congress; moved to California and appointed state land commissioner. Thompson, Thomas Larkin, a Representa- tive from California ; born in Charleston, W. Va., May 31, 1838; attended the common schools; moved to California in 1854 and engaged in the printing business; purchased the Sonoma Demo- crat in 1860 and was the editor of that paper; delegate to the Democratic national convention in Cincinnati in 1880 ; secretary of state of Cali- fornia 1882-1886 ; declined a renomination ; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889) ; appointed World's fair commissioner, April 4, 1891 ; ap- pointed United States minister to Brazil 1893; died in Santa Rosa, Gal., February 1, 1898. Thompson, Thomas Weston, a Representa- tive and a Senator from New Hampshire ; born in Boston, Mass., March 15, 1766 ; was gradu- ated from Harvard college in 1786 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- tice in Salisbury, Mass., 1791-1810; postmaster of Salisbury, N. H., 1798-1803; moved to Con- cord, N. H., in 1810 and practiced ; member of the state house of representatives in 1807, 1808, 1813, and 1814, and served as speaker in 1813 and 1814; elected to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March 3. 1807) ; state treasurer of New Hampshire 1809-1811 ; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Nicholas Gilman, and served from June 24, 1814, to March 3, 1817 ; trustee of Dartmouth college 1801-1821 ; died in Concord, N. H., Octo- ber 1, 1821. Thompson, Waddy, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Pickensville, S. C., Sep- tember 8, 1798 ; was graduated from South Caro- lina college in 1814 ; studied law. was admitted to the bar in 1819, and practiced ; member of the state legislature 1826-1830; solicitor of the western circuit ; presidential elector on the Floyd ticket in 1833 ; brigadier general of mili- tia 1832; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1841) ; United States minister to Mexico 1842-1844 ; moved to Madison, Fla., and engaged in cotton raising; appointed solicitor general of a circuit in 1868; died in Tallahassee, P A la., November 23, 1868. Thompson, Wiley, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Amelia county, Va.. September 23, 1781 ; moved to Elberton, Ga. ; held several local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Seven- teenth, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1833) ; died in Fort King, Fla., December 28, 1835; interment in Elberton, Ga. Thompson, William, a Representative from Iowa ; born in Pennsylvania in 1813 ; attended the common schools; moved to Iowa and lo- cated in Mount Pleasant ; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; pre- sented credentials as a Member-elect to the Thirty-first Congress, and served from March 4, 1849, till June 29, 1850, when he was succeeded by Jesse D. Brown, who contested his election ; served in the Union army during the Civil war as captain, first Iowa cavalry, July 31, 1861 ; major, May 18, 1863; colonel, June 20, 1864; brevet brigadier general volunteers, March 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service " ; honorably mustered out March 15. 1866 ; recommissioned captain, seventh cavalry, July 28, 1866 ; brevet major, March 2, 1867, " for gal- lant and meritorious service in action at Prairie Grove, Ark." ; lieutenant colonel, March 2, 1867, " for gallant and meritorious service in action at Bayou Metoe, Ark." ; retired December 15, 1875 ; died October 7, 1897. Thompson, William George, a Representative from Iowa ; born in Butler county, Pa., January 17, 1830; attended the common schools and the Witherspoon institute in Butler, Pa. ; studied law in Butler, Pa., was admitted to the bar, October 15, 1853, and practiced; emigrated to Iowa in 1853 and located in Marion; prose- cuting attorney of Linn county 1854-1856 : mem- ber of the state senate 1856-1860 ; served during the Civil war as major of the twentieth Iowa volunteer infantry in 1862 ; presidential elector at large in 1864 ; district attorney for the eighth judicial district; chief justice of the supreme court of Idaho from January 13, 1879, and until he resigned in April, 1879; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-sixth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Rush Clark ; reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress, and served from December 1, 1879, to March 3, 1883 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1885 ; judge of the eighteenth judicial district of Iowa Jan- uary, 1894-1906; died in Kenwood Park, Iowa, April 2, 1911. Thomson, Alexander, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Franklin county, Pa., January 12, 1788 ; apprenticed as a sickle maker ; moved to Bedford, Pa. ; received a limited school- ing; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Chambersburg, Pa. ; held sev- eral local offices; member of the state house of representatives; elected to the Eighteenth Con- BIOGRAPHIES. 1055 gress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Todd; reelected to the Nineteenth Con- gress, and served from December 6, 1824, to May 1, 1826, when he resigned ; mayor of Lancaster, Pa.; president judge of the sixteenth judicial district until 1838; professor in the law school of Marshall college, Lancaster, Pa. ; died in Chambersburg, Pa., August 2, 1848. Thomson, John, a Representative from Ohio ; was born in Ireland November 20, 1780 ; emi- grated, with his parents, to America in 1781 ; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine and moved to New Lisbon, Ohio, where he prac- ticed ; member of the state house of representa- tives ; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827) ; re- elected to the Twenty-first, and to the three suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1837) ; died in New Lisbon, Ohio, December 2, 1852. Thomson John Renshaw, a Senator from New Jersey ; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Septem- ber 25, 1800 ; attended Princeton college, but left in the junior year to engage in mercantile pur- suits ; went to China in 1817, and became a mer- chant in Canton in 1820 ; United States consul at that port 1823-1825; returned home and re- sided in Princeton, N. J. ; unsuccessful Demo- cratic candidate for governor in 1844; director and secretary in the Delaware and Ilaritan canal company; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the res- ignation of Robert F. Stockton ; reelected in 1857 and served from March 4, 1853, until his death in Princeton, N. J., September 12, 1862. Thorington, James, a Representative from Iowa ; born in North Carolina in 1816 ; was graduated from the University of Alabama ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Davenport, Iowa ; held sev- eral local offices; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857) ; United States consul to Aspinwall 1871- 1883 ; died in Santa Fe, N. Mex., June 13, 1887. Thornburgh, Jacob Montgomery, a Repre- sentative from Tennessee; born in Newmarket, Tenn., July 3, 1837 ; completed preparatory stud- ies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Knoxville, Tenn., in May, 1862 ; entered the Union army as a private and pro- moted until he became colonel of the fourth Tennessee cavalry in June 1863 ; returned to Jef- ferson county, Tenn., and practiced law; moved to Knoxville, Tenn., in 1867 ; appointed attorney general of the third judicial circuit of Tennessee and elected in 1869 and 1870 ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-third. Forty-fourth, and Forty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1879) ; retired from public life and resumed the prac- tice of law in Knoxville, Tenn., and died there September 19, 1890. Thornton, Anthony, a Representative from Illinois; born in Bourbon county, Ky., Novem- ber 9, 1814; was graduated from Miami Uni- versity, Ohio ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Shelbyville, 111.; delegate to the state constitutional conventions in 1847 and 1862 ; member of the state legislature in 1850; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867) ; elected justice of the supreme court of Illinois, 1870 ; president of the state bar association ; died in Shelbyville, 111., September 10, 1904. Thornton, John Randolph, a Senator from Louisiana ; bor.n in Iberville Parish, La., August 25, 1846; moved with his parents to Rapides Parish, La., in 1853; attended the state uni- versity until 1863, when he volunteered in the Confederate army and served until the close of the Civil War ; engaged in agricultural pur- suits until 1877; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice; judge of Rapides Parish 1878-1880; member of the state constitutional convention in 1898; member of the board of supervisors of the state university ; one of the three Louisiana commissioners to conference on uniform laws for the United States and vice- president of that body; appointed, and subse- quently elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Samuel D. McEnery, and took his seat December 12, 1910, for the term ending March 3, 1915. Thornton, Matthew, a Delegate from New Hampshire ; born in Ireland in 1714 ; emigrated with his father to the United States and settled in Wiscassett, Me. ; moved to Worcester, Mass. ; completed preparatory studies; studied medicine and practiced in Londonderry, N. H. ; colonel of the state militia during the Revolutionary War ; justice of the peace; delegate to the provincial convention 1775 and served as its president; speaker of the general assembly from January 5, to September 12, 1776; Delegate to the Con- tinental Congress 1776-1778; signer of the Declaration of Independence; chief justice of the court of common pleas; judge of the superior court of New Hampshire 17761782 ; moved to Exeter, N. H., in 1779; member of the general assembly in 1783 ; served in the state senate in 1784 ; state councillor in 1785 ; died in Newbury- port, Mass., June' 24, 1803. Thorp, Robert Taylor, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Granville county, N. C., March 12, 1850; attended Horner academy, Oxford, N. C., and was graduated from the law depart- ment of the university of Virginia in 1870, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Boyd- ton, Mecklenburg county, in 1871 ; commonwealth attorney for that county 1877-1895 ; successfully contested as a Republican the election of Wil- liam R. McKenney to the Fifty-fourth Congress and served from May 2, 1896, to March 3, 1897 ; successfully contested the election of Sydney P. Epes to the Fifty-fifth Congress and served from March 23, 1898, to March 4, 1899 ; resumed the practice of law in Norfolk, Va. Throckmorton, James Webb, a Representa- tive from Texas; born in Sparta, Tenn., Feb- ruary 1, 1825 ; attended the common schools ; emigrated with his father to Collin county. Texas, in 1841 ; studied medicine in Princeton, Ky., and practiced in Collin county, served as a surgeon during the Mexican war ; studied law, was admitted to the bai-, and practiced; member of the state legislature 1851-1856; presidential elector on the Scott ticket in 1852 : member of the state senate 1856-1861 ; member of the se- cession convention of Texas; served as captain and major in the Confederate army from the spring of 1S61 until November, 1863; again elected to the state senate in 1865 ; brigadier general of state troops in 1864 and commander 1056 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. on the northwest border of the state; delegate to the reconstruction convention under President Johnson's proclamation and chosen the presid- ing officer of that -body; elected governor of Texas and was inaugurated August 8, 1866; removed by order of General Sheridan August 9, 1867; resumed the practice of law in Collin county, Texas; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; reelected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1887) ; presidential elector at large on the Hancock and English ticket in 1880 ; unsuccessful candidate for United States Senator in 1881 ; died in McKinney, Tex., April 21, 1894. Throop, Enos Thompson, a Representative from New York ; born in Johnstown, Mont- gomery county, N. Y., August 21, 1784 ; attended the common schools; studied law r was admitted to the bar in 1806, and began practice in Au- burn. N. Y. ; clerk of Cayuga county ; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth Congress and served from March 4, 1815, until his resignation in June, 1816 ; circuit judge of New York 1823- 1827 ; elected lieutenant governor of New York in 1828 and became governor when Martin Van Buren was made Secretary of State of the United States March 12, 1829; elected governor of New York 1830-1833; naval officer of the port of New York 1833-1838; United States minister to Naples 1838-1842; resided in Kala- mazoo, Mich., 1847-1867 ; returned to his estate, " Willowbrook," near Auburn, N. Y., and died there November 1. 1874. Thropp, Joseph Earlston, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Valley Forge, Ches- ter county, Pa. ; attended the public schools, Friends Central high school, Philadelphia, Pa., and was graduated as a civil engineer from the Polytechnic College of Pennsylvania in 1868; engaged in his profession in Minnesota, reaching the rank of division engineer; entered the iron business in 1870 in Everett, Pa. ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901). Thruston, Buckner, a Senator from Ken- tucky ; born near Winchester, Gloucester county, Va., February 9, 1764 ; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from William and Mary college in Williamsburg, Va. ; elected a member of the state- legislature in 1788-1790; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Lexington, Ky. ; elected clerk of the first state senate that convened in Kentucky; one of three commissioners to settle boundary disputes between Kentucky and Virginia ; one of the district judges of Kentucky for more than seven years; appointed United States judge of the court of the Territory of Orleans, but de- clined, having been elected Senator; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1805, to December 18, 1809, when he resigned; judge of the United States circuit court for the District of Colum- bia until his death in Washington, D. C., August 30, 1845. Thurman, Allen Granberry, a Representative and a Senator from Ohio ; born in Lynch burg, Va., November 13, 1813 ; moved with his father to Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1819 ; attended the Chilli- cothe academy ; private secretary to Governor Robert Lucas in 1834 ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1835, and practiced in Ross county, Ohio ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4. 1845-March 3, 1847) ; declined a renomination and resumed the practice of law ; associate justice of the supreme court of Ohio in 1851-1854 ; chief justice of that court 1854-1856 ; unsuccessful Democratic can- didate for governor of Ohio in 1867 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate; re- elected in 1874 and served from March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1881 ; member of the electoral com- mission of 1876; unsuccessful candidate for re- election to the United States Senate in 1881 : resumed the practice of law in Columbus, Ohio : delegate to the Democratic national conventions in 1876, 1880, and 1884 ; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Vice-President of the United States in 1888; died in Columbus, Ohio, December 12, 1895. Thurman, John B., a Representative from New York ; a native of New York City ; was graduated from Columbia College in 1835 ; moved to Warren county, N. Y. ; held several local offices ; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851) ; died in Chestertown, N. Y., in 1857. Thurston, Benjamin Babock, a Representa- tive from Rhode Island; born in Hopkinton, R. L, June 29, 1804 ; attended the public schools ; engaged in mercantile pursuits ; member of the state house of representatives; presidential elector on the Van Buren ticket in 1837 ; lieu- tenant governor of Rhode Island in 1838 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress ( March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; reelected to the Thirty-second. Thirty-third, and Thirty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1857) ; after leaving Congress moved to New London, Conn., and died there May 17, 1886. Thurston, John Mellen, a Senator from Ne- braska ; born in Montpelier, Vt., August 21, 1847 ; moved with his parents to Madison, Wis., in 1854, and two years later to Beaver Dam, Wis. ; attended the public schools and was graduated from Wayland university, Beaver Dam, Wis. ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar May 21, 1869, and commenced practice in Omaha, Nebr. ; member of the city council 1872-1874; city at- torney of Omaha 1874-1877 ; member of the Nebraska legislature 1875-1877; presidential elector on the Garfield and Arthur ticket in 1880 ; member of the Republican national con- vention in 1884 and 1900 ; temporary chairman of the Republican national convention in 1888 ; assistant attorney for the Union Pacific railway company in 1877, and in February, 1888. ap- pointed general solicitor; unsuccessful Repub- lican candidate for United States Senator in 1893 ; elected, as a Republican, January 15. 1895, to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1895, to March 3, 1901; chairman of the Republican national convention in St. Louis, Mo., in 1896; appointed United States commis- sioner to the St. Louis Exposition March 6, 1901 ; moved to Washington, D. C., and engaged in the practice of law. Thurston, Samuel Royal, a Delegate from Oregon Territory ; born in Monmouth, Me. ; April 17, 1816; attended Wesleyan seminary, Readfield. Me., Dartmouth college, and was graduated from BIOGRAPHIES. 1057 Bowdoin college in 1843; studied law, was ad niitted to the bar, and began practice in Brims wick, Me.; moved to Burlington, Iowa, in 1845 and practiced; editor of the Iowa Gazette moved to Oregon City, Oreg., in 1849 and en gaged in the practice of law ; elected as a Demo crat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849- March 3, 1851) ; died at sea on his way home from Washington April 9, 1851, and was buried in Acapulco, Mexico; final interment in Salem Oreg. Tibbatts, John Woolister, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Lexington, Ky., June 12, 1802 ; pursued classical studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Newport, Ky. ; held several local offices ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847); served in the Mexican war as colonel; died in Newport, Ky., July 5, 1852. Tibbitts, George, a Representative from New York; born in Warwick, R. I., January 14, 1763; pursued classical studies; engaged in business in Lansingburg, N. Y., in 1784; moved to Troy, N. Y., in 1797; member of the state legislature in 1800; elected as a Federalist to the Eighth Congress (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1805) ; member of the state senate 1815-1818; unsuccessful Federalist candidate for lieuten- ant governor of New York in 1816; member of the commission on state prisons which reported in favor of the Auburn system in 1824; mem- ber of the commission which had charge of the construction of Sing Sing prison; mayor of Troy. N. Y., 1830-1836; died in Troy, N. Y., July 19, 1849. Tichenor, Isaac, a Senator from Vermont; born in Newark, N. J.. February 8, 1754; was graduated from Princeton college in 1775; studied law in Schenectady, N. Y. ; appointed assistant commissary general, in 1777, and was stationed in Bennington, Vt. ; was admitted to the bar and began practice; member of the state house of representatives 1781-1784; state coun- cilor* 1787-1792 ; one of the commissioners to set- tle the boundary question with New York 1789 ; member of the state board of censors in 1792- 1813; associate judge of the state supreme court 1791-1794, and its chief justice, 1795-1796 ; elect- ed as a Federalist to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Moses Robinson, and served from October 18, 1796, to October 17, 1797, when he resigned ; governor of Vermont 1797-1807, and 1808-1809; again elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1815, to March 3, 1821; died in Bennington, Vt., December 11, 1838. Tiffin, Edward, a Senator from Ohio ; born in Carlisle, England, June 19, 1766; attended the common schools; studied medicine; came to the United States in 1784 and located in Charles- town, Va. ; attended lectures in the medical de- partment of the University of Pennsylvania in 1789; preacher of the Methodist Episcopal church in 1790; moved to Chillicothe. Ohio, in 1796, and continued to preach and practice med- icine; member of the territorial house of repre- sentatives in 1799 and again in 1809-1811, and served as speaker; president of the convention that formed the constitution of Ohio in 1802; elected first governor of the state in 1803 and reelected in 1805; elected as a Democrat to the 50346 S. Doc. 654, 61-2 67 United States Senate and served from March 4, 1S07, to March 3, 1809. when he resigned; elected to the state legislature in 1809 and served as speaker; resumed the medical profession in Chillicothe, Ohio ; appointed by President Madi- son the first commissioner of the general land office 1812-1814; with the consent of the Presi- dent and the Senate exchanged offices with Josiah Meigs and became surveyor general of the Northwest Territory, which position be held until removed by President Jackson July 1, 1829 ; died in Chillicothe, Ohio, August 9, 1829. Tift, Nelson, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Groton, Conn., in 1810 ; moved to Charles- ton, S. C., in 1826 and engaged in mercantile business; moved to south Georgia in 1835; founder of the city of Albany, Ga. ; served as justice of the peace, judge of the inferior court, and colonel of militia; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress, and served from July 25, 1868, to March 3, 1869; claimed election to the Forty-first Congress under the same creden- tials presented in the previous Congress, but the House by resolution of January 28, 1870, de- clared that he was not entitled to his seat; con- tested the election of Richard H. Whitley to the Forty-first Congress, but no action was taken thereon ; delegate in the state constitutional con- venion of 1877; died in Albany, Ga., November 21, 1891. Tilden, Daniel R., a Representative from Ohio; a native of Connecticut; attended the public schools; moved to Ravenna, Ohio; held several local offices; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847). Tilghman, Matthew, a Delegate from Mary- land ; born on the " Hermitage," Queen Anne county, Md., February 17, 1718; completed preparatory studies; justice of the peace for Talbot county ; delegate in the general assembly of Maryland 1751-1777, and served as speaker of the house of delegates 1773-1775; president of the revolutionary convention that directed the affairs of the colony 1774-1777; member of the committee appointed to draw up the protest against the stamp act ; chairman of the commit- tee on correspondence 1774; chairman of the committee on safety 1775; sat in the Con- tinental Congress 1774-1777; president of the state constitutional convention in Annapolis in 1776, and it was during his absence that the Declaration of Independence was adopted and signed; resigned his seat in Congress and was elected a member of the state senate in 1777; reelected, but resigned before the expiration of his term ; died at the estate " Hermitage," in Queen Anne county, Md., May 4, 1790. Tillinghast, Joseph Leonard, a Representa- tive from Rhode Island ; born in Taunton, Mass., in 1791 ; moved to Rhode Island and pursued lassical studies; studied law, was admitted to :he bar in 1811, and began practice in Provi- dence, R. I. ; member of the state house of rep- resentatives and served as speaker several erms; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843) ; trustee of Brown university 1833-1844; died in Provi- dence, R. I., December 30, 1844. Tillinghast, Thomas, a Representative from Rhode Island; born in East Greenwich, R. I., 1058 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. August 21, 1742; completed preparatory stud- ies; member of the state house of representa- tives 1772-1773 ; held several offices under Revo- lutionary authorities; again a member of the state house of representatives 1778-1780; judge of the court of common pleas in 1779; member of the council of war; associate justice of the state supreme court 1780-1797; elected to the Fifth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Elisha R. Potter, and served from November 13, 1797, to March 3, 1799; reelected to the Seventh Congress (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1803) died in East Greenwich, R. I., August 26, 1821. Tillman, Benjamin Ryan, a Senator from South Carolina ; born in Edgefield county. S. C., August 11, 1847 ; pursued an academic course ; left school in July. 1864, to join the Confederate army, but was stricken with a severe illness, engaged in agricultural pursuits ; elected gov- ernor of South Carolina in November, 1890, and reelected in 1892; founded the Clemson Agri- cultural college, Fort Hill, S. C., in 1893 ; estab- lished the Winthrop Normal and Industrial col- lege for women in Rock Hill, S. C. ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1895 ; elect- ed as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1894 and took his seat March 4, 1895; re- elected in 1901 and again in 1907 for the term ending March 3, 1913 ; nominated at a primary election for the term beginning March 4, 1913. Tillman, George Dionysius, a Representative from South Carolina ; born near Curryton, Edgefield county. S. C M August 21, 1826; pur- sued an academic course in Penfield, Ga., and in Greenwood, S. C., and attended Harvard, uni- versity, but did not graduate ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1848. and practiced in Edgefield, S. C. ; member of the state house of representatives 1854-1855 ; volunteered during the Civil war and served in the third regiment of South Carolina state troops in 1862, and shortly after its disbandment entered the second regiment of South Carolina artillery, and served until the close of the war; again a member of the state house of representatives in 1864 ; mem- ber of the state constitutional convention in 1865, held under the reconstruction proclamation of President Johnson ; served in the state senate in 1865; unsuccessful Democratic candidate to the Forty-fifth Congress ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879- March 3, 1881) ; presented credentials as a Mem- ber-elect to the Forty-seventh Congress and served from March 4, 1881, until July 19, 1882, when he was succeeded by Robert Smalls, who contested his election ; reelected to the Forty- eighth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1893) ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1895 ; died in Clarks Hill, S. C., February 2, 1902. Tillman, Lewis, a Representative from Ten- nessee ; born in Bedford county, Tenn., August 18, 1816; attended the common schools and pur- sued an academic course ; served in the Seminole war as a private; clerk of the circuit court 1852-1860; served as a private in the Civil war; editor of a newspaper in Shelbyville, Tenn. ; clerk of the chancery court ; colonel of state militia before the war; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869- March 3, 1871) ; died in Shelbyville, Bedford county, Tenn.. May 3, 1886. Tilson, John Quillin, a Representative from Connecticut ; born in Clearbranch, Teun., April 5, 1866 ; attended public and private schools and was graduated from Yale law school in 1893; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in New Haven, Conn. ; enlisted as a volunteer for the war with Spain and served as second lieuten- ant in the sixth United States volunteer infan- try ; major in the second regiment infantry, Con- necticut national guard ; member of the state general assembly 1904-1908, and served as speaker in 1907 ; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected, to the Sixty-second Congress. Tilton, James, a Delegate from Delaware; born in Kent county, Del., June 1, 1745 ; at- tended Nottingham academy, Md., and was graduated from the medical department of the university of Pennsylvania in 1771, and began practice in Dover, Del. ; entered the Revolu- tionary army as surgeon, and in 1777 was in charge of the military hospital in Princeton, N. J. ; after peace was declared he resumed the practice of his profession in Dover, Del. ; sat in the Continental Congress 1783-1785; moved to Wilmington. Del. ; government commissioner of loans 1785-1801 ; served several years as a mem- ber of the state house of representatives ; Sur- geon General of the United States army 1813- 1815 ; died near Wilmington, Del., May 14, 1822 ; interment in the Wilmington and Brandywine cemetery. Tipton, John, a Senator from Indiana; born in Sevier county, Tenn., August 14, 1786 ; re- ceived a limited schooling; moved to Harrison county, Ind., in 1807 ; served with the " Yellow Jackets" in the Tippecanoe campaign, and at- tained the rank of brigadier general of militia ; sheriff of Harrison county, Ind., 1815-1819; member of the committee to locate the state capitol in 1821 ; served in the state house of rep- resentatives 1819-1823 ; one of the commissioners to select a site for a new capital for Indiana in 1820; commissioner to determine boundary line between Indiana and Illinois ; appointed U. S. Indian agent for the Pottawatamie and Miami tribes in March, 1823; laid out the city of Logansport, Ind., April 10, 1828; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Noble ; reelected in 1833. and served from January 3, 1832, until March 3, 1839 ; died in Logansport, Ind., April 5, 1839. Tipton, Thomas Foster, a Representative from Illinois ; born in Franklin county, Ohio, August 29, 1833 ; moved to McLean county, 111., in 1843; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice; state attorney for the eighth judicial district of Illinois 1867-1868; elected circuit judge of the eighth judicial circuit in 1870, and on the reorganization elected circuit judge of the fourteenth judicial circuit; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879) ; died in Bloom- ington, 111., February 7, 1904. Tipton, Thomas Warren, a Senator from Ne- braska ; born in Cadiz, Ohio. August 5, 1817 ; pur- sued classical studies and was graduated from Madison college, Pennsylvania ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; served in the state legislature in 1845; moved to Brownsville, Nebr. ; member of the state constitutional con- vention in 1867 ; member of the territorial conn- BIOGRAPHIES. 1059 cil of Nebraska in I860; studied theology; chap- lain in the Union array during the civil war ; upon the admission of Nebraska as a state was elected to the United States Senate; reelected in 1869, and served from March 4, 1867, until .March 3, 1875: resumed the practice of law; died in Washington, D. G., November 26, 1899. Tirrell, Charles Quincy, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Sharon, Mass., December 10, 1844; attended the common schools and was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1866; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1870 in Boston, Mass.; elected to the general court of Massachusetts from Weymouth in 1872 ; member of the state senate 1881 and1882; Re- publican presidential elector in 1888; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh, and to the four succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1901, until his death in Natick, Mass., July 31, 1910. Titus, Obadiah, a Representative from New York ; bom in Dutchess county, N. Y., January 20, 1789: studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Millbrook, N. Y. ; elected county judge: sheriff of Dutchess county, N. Y. ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839) ; died in Dutchess county, N. Y., September 22, 1859. Todd, Albert May, a Representative from Michigan ; born near Nottaway, St. Joseph county, Mich.. June 3. 1850: attended the dis- trict school, and was graduated from the Sturgis high school ; studied some time at the North- western university ; engaged in growing and dis- tilling of essential oils; elected as a Fusion can- didate to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899) ; resides in Kalamazoo, Mich. ; president of Society of Chemical Indus- try ; trustee of Kalamazoo college. Todd, John, a Representative from Pennsyl- vania; born in Hartford, Conn., in 1779; at- tended the common schools ; held several local offices ; elected to the Seventeenth and Eigh- teenth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1821, until 1824, when he resigned; president judge of the court of common pleas for the six- teenth judicial district ; associate judge of the state supreme court ; died in Bedford, Pa., April 4, 1830. Todd, John Blair Smith, a Delegate from Dakota Territory ; born in Lexington, Ky., April 4, 1814; moved with his parents to Illinois in 1827; was graduated from the United States military academy in 1837 ; commissioned second lieutenant in the sixth infantry July 1, 1837; first lieutenant December 10, 1837. and captain November 8, 1843 ; served in the Florida war 1837-1842, and the war with Mexico; resigned, September 16, 1856, and became an Indian trader; settled in Fort Randall, Dakota Terri- tory; elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3. 1803) ; successfully contested the election of William Jayne to the Thirty-eighth Congress and served from June 17, 1864, to March 3, 1865; appointed brigadier general of volunteers in the Union army. Sep- tember 19. 1861 ; appointment expired July 17, 1862: served as speaker of the Dakota house of representatives 18(57; governor of Dakota Terri- tory 1869-1871: died in Yankton, Dakota Terri- tory, January f>. 1872. Todd, Lemuel, a Representative from Penn- sylvania; born in Carlisle. Pa., July 29, 1817; pursued classical studies and was graduated from Dickinson college; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1841 ; elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857) ; unsuccessful Union candidate for reelection ; served in the Union army ; reelected us a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; died in Car- lisle, Pa., May 12, 1891. Toland, George Washington, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania; born in Philadelphia, Pa., February 8, 1796; attended the common schools; was graduated from Princeton college in 1816 ; held several local offices ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837- March 3. 1843) ; died in Philadelphia, Pa., Janu- ary 30, 1869. Tomkins, Caleb, a Representative from New York ; born in Westchester county, N. Y, ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1804- 1806; elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1821). Tomkins, Christopher, a Representative from Kentucky ; completed preparatory studies ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed : elected to the Twenty-second and Twenty- third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835) ; died in Glasgow, Ky., in 1845. Tomlinson, Gideon, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Stratford, Conn., December 31. 1780; was graduated from Yale college in 1802 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Fairfield. Conn. ; elected to the Sixteenth, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4. 1819-March 3, 1827) : governor of Connecticut 1827-1831, when he resigned; trustee of Trinity college 1832- 1836; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1831, to March 3, 1837; died in Fairfield, Conn.. October 8, 1854. Tomlinson, Thomas A., a Representative from New York ; a native of New York ; re- ceived a limited education ; member of the state assembly 1835-1836; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841- March 3, 1843) ; died in Keeseville, N. Y., June 18, 1872. Tompkins, Arthur Sidney, a Representative from New York ; born in Schoharie county, N. Y., August 26, 1865; attended the public schools of Clarkstown and Nyack until 1878; studied law in Nyack and Tarrytown, was admitted to the bar in 1886, and practiced; police justice of Nyack, N. Y., 1887-1889 ; served in the state as- sembly in 1890 ; county judge of Rockland county 1893-1898 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1903; elected justice of the su- preme court of New York in 1906 for a term of fourteen years. Tompkins, Cydnor Bailey, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Belmont county, Ohio, No- vember 8, 1810; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from the Ohio university, Athens, Ohio; studied law, was admitted to the bar. and began practice in McConnelsville, Ohio ; member of the Republican state conven- tion of 1855; elected as a Republican to the 1060 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861) ; died in McConnelsville, Ohio, July 22, 1862. Tompkins, Daniel D., a Representative from New York; born in Scarsdale, Westchester county, N. Y., June 21, 1774; was graduated from Columbia college in 1795 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1797 began practice in New York City ; delegate to the state consti- tutional convention in 1801 ; member of the state assembly in 1803; elected as a Democrat to the Ninth Congress and served from March 4, 1805, until his resignation before the assembling of the Congress, July 2, 1805; associate justice of the state supreme court 1804-1807 ; governor of New York 1808-1813 ; declined the position of secretary of state of the United States, tendered by President Madison ; elected Vice President of the United States in 1816; reelected in 1820 and served from March 4, 1817, to March 3, 1825; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1821 and served as its president; died on Staten Island, N. Y., June 11, 1825. Tompkins, Emmett, a Representative from Ohio ; born in McConnelsville, Morgan county, Ohio, September 1, 1853; moved to Athens county, Ohio; attended the public schools and the Ohio university, Athens Ohio ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1875 and practiced ; elected city solicitor and mayor of Athens, Ohio ; prosecuting attorney of Athens county ; member of the state legislature; moved to Columbus, Ohio, in 1889; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1901-March 3, 1903) ; resumed the practice of law in Colum- bus, Ohio. Tompkins, Patrick W., a Representative from Mississippi ; a native of Kentucky ; re- ceived a limited education ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Vicks- burg, Miss. ; elected as a Whig to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; moved to California ; died in San Francisco. May 16, 1853. Tongue, Thomas H., a Representative from Oregon ; born in Lincolnshire, England, June 23, 1844 ; moved with his parents to Washington county, Oreg., November 23, 1859 ; was gradu- ated from Pacific university, Forestgrove, Wash- ington county, Oreg., in June, 1868; moved to Hillsboro, Oreg., in 1868; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in September, 1870, and com- menced practice; chairman of the state Repub- lican convention in 1890; delegate to the Repub- lican national convention in Minneapolis in 1892 and the Oregon vice president of that convention ; again the permanent chairman of the state Republican convention in 1894; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth and to the two succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1899, until his death in Washington, D. C., January 11, 1903. Toole, Joseph Kemp, a Delegate from the Territory of Montana ; born in Savannah, Mo., May 12, 1851; attended the public schools in St. Joseph, Mo., and the Western Military Acad- emy at Newcastle, Ky. ; studied law ; moved to Helena, Mont, in 1870; was admitted to the bar in 1871 and practiced ; district attorney of the third judicial district in Montana 1872-1876; member and president of the territorial council 1879-1883; member of the state constitutional convention in Helena, Mont., in 1884 and 1S89; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1885-Murch 3, 1889) ; first governor of Montana, in 1889; re- elected in 1900 for the term expiring January 1. 1905 ; and resides in Helena, Mont. Toombs, Robert, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Georgia ; born in Wilkes county, Ga., July 2, 1910 ; attended the University of Georgia and was graduated from Union college, New York, in 1828 ; studied law at the University of Virginia and began practice in Washington, Ga., in 1828; commanded a company in the Creek war in 1836 ; representative in the Georgia legis- lature 1837-1840 and 1841-1844 ; Whig candidate for speaker of the house in 1842 ; delegate to the Democratic national convention in 1844 ; elected as a State Rights Democrat to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1853) ; elected to the United States Senate in 1852 ; reelected in 1858, and served from March 4, 1853, to March 14, 1861, when he was formally expelled ; mem- ber of the state sovereignty convention in Mill- edgeville, Ga., January 16, 1861 ; served in the provisional congress; secretary of state of the Confederacy ; brigadier general in the Confeder- ate army; after the war he escaped arrest and went to Europe; returned to his home in Wash- ington, Ga., in 1867 ; delegate in the state con- stitutional convention of 1877; died in Washing- ton. Ga v December 15, 1885. Toucey, Isaac, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Newtown, Fairfield county, Conn., November 5, 1796 ; pursued clas- sical studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1818, and began practice in Hartford, Conn. ; state attorney for Hartford county 1822- 1825; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1835-March 3, 1839) ; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for reelection ; again state's attorney for Hartford county 1842-1844 ; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for governor of Connecti- cut in 1845; defeated again in 1846 by popular vote, but was elected by the legislature; again defeated for governor in 1847 ; appointed At- torney General of the United States by Presi- dent Polk 1848-1849; served in the state senate in 1850 ; member of the state house of represent- atives in 1852 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate for the term commencing March 4, 1851, and served from May 12, 1852, to March 3, 1857; Secretary of the Navy of the United States under President Buchanan 1857- 1861 ; resumed the practice of law ; died in Hartford, Conn., July 30, 1869. Tou Velle, William Ellsworth, a Represent- ative from Ohio ; born in Celina, Ohio, Novem- ber 23, 1861 ; attended the public schools and was graduated from the Celina high school in 1879 and from the Cincinnati law school in 1889 ; appointed postmaster of Celina, Ohio, in 1885, but resigned to enter law school ; was admitted to the bar and practiced in Celina, Ohio, elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911) ; resumed the practice of law in Celina, Ohio. Towne, Charles Arnette, a Representative and a Senator from Minnesota and a Repre- sentative from New York; born in Oakland BIOGRAPHIES. 1061 county, Mich., November 21, 1858; attended the common schools and was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1881; was admitted to the bar in 1885 and practiced in Michigan ; moved to Duluth, Minn., in 1890, and continued practice; elected as a Republican from Minne- sota to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897) ; unsuccessful candidate for Congress on the Democratic ticket in 1896 and 1898 ; declined the nomination for Vice Presi- dent of the United States by the national con- ventions of the Populist and Silver Republican parties in 1900; appointed as a Democrat by Gov. Lind to the United States Senate, Decem- ber 5, 1900, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Cushman K. Davis, and served from Decem- ber 6, 1900, until January 28, 1901; moved to New York City, in June, 1901, and practiced law ; elected as a Democrat from New York to the Fifty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1905-March 3, 1907) ; resumed the practice of law in New York City. Towns, George Washington Bonaparte, a Representative from Georgia; born in Wilkes county, Ga., May 4, 1801; received a limited education; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1824. and began practice in Montgomery, Ala. ; returned to Talbotton, Ga., in 1826 and practiced law; member of the state house of representatives 1829-1830; served in the state senate 1832-1834 ; elected as a Union Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1835, to September 1, 1836. when he resigned ; reelected to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839) : again elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Washington Poe, and served from January 27, 1846, to March 3, 1847; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; governor of Georgia 1847-1851 ; resumed the practice of law; died in Macon, Ga., July 15, 1854. Townsend, Amos, a Representative from Ohio : born in Fayette county. Pa., in 1831 : moved at an early age to Cleveland, Ohio; for 10 years a member of the city council, and served 7 of those years as president ; member of the state constitutional convention in 1873: elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883) ; died in St. Augustine, Fla., March 17, 1895. Townsend, Charles Champlain, a Representa- tive from Pennsylvania ; born in Allegheny City, Pa.. November 24, 1841 ; attended the common schools; manufacturer of wire rivets and wire nails; served two years in the Union army dur- ing the Civil war as a private in company A, ninth regiment Pennsylvania reserve volunteer corps, and afterwards as adjutant of the first Pennsylvania cavalry; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress (March 4, 1889- March 3, 1891). Townsend, Charles E., a Representative from Michigan ; born near Concord, Jackson county, Mich., August 15, 1856; attended the common schools in Concord and Jackson, and the literary department of Michigan University ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1895, and prac- ticed in Jaekson, Mich.; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Elected to the United States Senate for the term commencing March 4, 1911. Townsend, Dwight, a Representative from New York; born in New York City, September 26, 1826; pursued an academic course; mer- chant; elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry G. Stebbins and served from December 5, 1864, to March 3, 1865; reelected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) ; died in New York City, October 29, 1899. Townsend, George, a Representative from New York; born in Lattingtown, township of Oyster Bay, Queens county, N. Y., in 1769; engaged in farming; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1819) ; died in Lattingtown, township of Oyster Bay, Queens county, N. Y., August 17, 1844. Townsend, Hosea, a Representative from Colorado; born in Greenwich, Huron county, Ohio, June 16, 1840; attended Western Reserve college, Ohio, in 1860; left school to enter the Union army and enlisted in the second Ohio cavalry in 1861 ; promoted to lieutenant and re- signed in 1863 on account of disability ; was ad- mitted to the bar in Cleveland, Ohio, and com- menced practice in Memphis, Tenn., in 1865; elected to the state legislature in 1869 and served one term; moved to Colorado in 1879; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first and Fifty- second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893) ; United States judge for the southern district of Indian Territory. Townsend, James, a Representative from New York; a native of Queens county, N. Y. ; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; elected to the Second Congress and served from March 4, 1791, until his death, be- fore the assembling of Congress, in Oyster Bay, N. Y., in May, 1791. Townsend, Martin Ingham, a Representative from New York; born in Hancock, Mass., Feb- ruary 6, 1810; moved with his parents to Wil- liamstown, Mass., in 1816; attended the com- mon schools and was graduated from Williams college in 1833 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1836, and commenced practice in Troy, N. Y. ; district attorney of Rensselaer county 1842-1845; delegate to the state constitutional convention 1867-1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; United States district attorney for the northern district of New York, 1879-1887; member of the state constitu- tional convention in 1890 ; regent of the univer- sity of the state of New York 1873-1903 ; retired from practice in 1901 and died in Troy, N. Y., March 8, 1903. Townsend, Washington, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in West Chester, Pa.. January 20, 1813; completed preparatory stud- ies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1844, and began practice; deputy attorney under Attorneys General Darragh and Cooper ; delegate to the Whig national convention in Baltimore, Md., in 1852; delegate to the Republican na- tional convention in Chicago in 1860; elected as n Republican to the Forty-first, and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1062 CONGRESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. 1877) ; resumed the practice of law in West Chester, Pa., and died there March 18, 1894. Townshend, Norton Strange, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Clay-Coaiton, Northampton- shire, England, December 25, 1815; came to the United States with his parents in 1830 and set- tled in Avon, Ohio ; educated himself by the use of his father's library; taught a district school; studied medicine and was graduated from the university of Physicians and Surgeons in New York in 1840; delegate to the World's Anti- slavery convention in London, England, in 1840; studied medicine in the hospitals of London, Paris, Edinburgh, and Dublin ; returned to Ohio and resumed the practice of medicine in Avon, Ohio, in 1841 ; moved to Elyria, Ohio ; elected to the state legislature in 1848 ; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1850; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853) ; abandoned the medical profession and engaged in agricultural pursuits near Avon, Ohio ; member of the state board of agriculture 1858-1863 and 1868-1869 ; medical inspector United States Army with the rank of lieutenant colonel 1863-1865; professor of agri- culture in Iowa Agricultural college in 1869 ; visited the agriculture and veterinary schools and botanic gardens of Great Britain and Ire- land ; attended the national fairs of Shrewsbury, Edinburgh, and Ireland; resumed the chair of agriculture in the state university of Ohio ; died in Columbus, Ohio, July 13, 1895; interment in Avon Center, Lorain county. Ohio. Townshend, Richard Wellington, a Represent- ative from Illinois ; born in Prince George county, Md., April 30, 1840 ; went to Washington, D. C. ; attended the public and private schools; page in the national House of Representatives ; moved to Fayette county, 111., in 1858; taught school in Fayette county ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in McLeansboro, 111., in 1862; clerk of the circuit court of Hamilton county 1863-1868; prose- cuting attorney for the twelfth judicial circuit. 1868-1872; moved in 1873 to Shawneetown, 111., and practiced; delegate to the Democratic na- tional convention in Baltimore in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Firty-flfth, and to the six succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1877, until his death in Washington, D. C., March 9, 1889. Tracewell, Bobert John, a Representative from Indiana ; born in Warren county, Va., May 7, 1852 ; moved with his parents to Harrison county, Ind., in 1854 ; was graduated from Han- over college, Indiana, in 1874 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Corydon, Ind. ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; appointed Comptroller of the Treasury by Presi- dent McKinley in 1897. Tracey, Charles, a Representative from New York; born in Albany, N. Y., May 27, 1847; was graduated from the Albany academy in 1866; served in the Papal Zouaves at Rome, Italy, portions of the years 1867-1870 ; ap- pointed aid-de-camp to Gov. Tilden, of New York, January 1, 1877; appointed manager of the House of Refuge in Hudson. N. Y.. by Gov. Cleveland and reappointed by Gov. Hill in 1886; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Nicholas T. Kane ; reelected to the Fifty-first, Fifty- second, and Fifty-third Congresses, and served from December 5, 1887, to March 3, 1895. Tracey, John P., a Representative from Mis- souri ; born in Wayne county, Ohio, September 18, 1836; attended the public schools of Ohio and Indiana ; studied law ; taught school ; moved to Missouri in 1858; enlisted as a private in the Union army for the Civil war, March 1, 1862 ; mustered out with the rank of first lieu- tenant March 10, 1865 ; commissioned lieutenant colonel of Enrolled Militia in April, 1865; was admitted to the bar in May, 1865, and com- menced practice in Stockton, Mo., whence he moved to Springfield, Mo., in 1874 and engaged in journalism ; presidential elector on the Grant ticket in 1868; Republican candidate for rail- road commissioner in 1878 ; commissioned United States marshal for the western district of Mis- souri February 4, 1890, and served until March 4, 1894; elected as a Republican to the Fifty- fourth Congress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897) ; after leaving Congress became engaged in news- paper work in Springfield, Mo. Tracy, Albert Haller, a Representative from New York ; born in Norwich, Conn.. June 17, 1793 ; pursued classical studies ; studied medi- cine; moved to New York state in 1811; aban- doned medicine and studied law; was admit- ted to the bar and in 1815 began practice in Buffalo, N. Y. ; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eight- eenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1825) ; declined a judgeship tendered by Gov. De Witt Clinton and a Cabinet position offered by President John Q. Adams; member of the state senate 1S30-1837 ; unsuccessful Whig can- didate for United States Senator in 1839; ten- dered a seat in the Cabinet by President Tyler, but dec-lined ; died in Buffalo, N. Y., September 12, 1859. Tracy, Andrew, a Representative from Ver- mont ; born in Hartford, Conn., Dec-ember 15, 1797 ; attended Royalston and Randolph acade- mies, also Dartmouth college for two years; taught school ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1826, and commenced practice in Quechee, Vt. ; moved to Woodstock, Vt., in 1838 and prac- ticed law ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1833-1837; served in the state senate in 1839 ; unsuccessful candidate for Congress in 1840 ; again a member of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1843-1845, and served as speaker; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; declined a re- nomination ; resumed the practice of law ; died in Woodstock, Vt., October 28, 1868. Tracy, Henry W., a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Ulster township, Brad- ford county, Pa., September 24, 1807 ; completed preparatory studies; studied law with Aaron Burr; engaged in business in Standing Stone, Pa.. Havre de Grace. Md., and Towanda, Pa. ; at- tended Angelica seminary in Allegany country, N. Y. ; delegate to the Republican national con- vention in i860; member of the state house of representatives in 1861-1862; elected as an inde- pendent Republican to the Thirty-eighth Con- gress (March 4. 1863-March 3. 1865) ; collector of the port of Philadelphia in 1866; died April 11, 1886. BIOGKAPHIES. 1063 Tracy, Phineas Lyman, a Representative from New York ; born in Norwich. Conn., De- cember 25, 1786; was graduated from Yale col- lege in 1806; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Batavia, N. Y., in 1813; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1827-March 3. 1833) ; declined a re- nomination ; Democratic presidential elector in 1840; appointed presiding judge of Genesee county, N. Y., in 1841, and continued in that office until 1846, when he retired from profes- sional life; died in Batavia, N. Y., December 23, 1876. Tracy, Uri, a Representative from New York ; a native of Franklin, Conn.; was graduated from Yale college in 1789; moved to Oxford. N. Y. ; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805- March 3, 1807) ; reelected to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1813). Tracy, Uriah, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut; born in Franklin, Conn., February 2, 1755 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1778; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Litchfield, Conn. ; member of the state house of representatives and served as speaker in 1793 ; elected as a Federalist to the Third and Fourth Congresses and served from March 4, 1793, to December 6, 1796, when he resigned ; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Jonathan Trumbull and served until his death; was President pro tempore of the Senate May 14, 1800 ; died in Washington, D. C., July 19, 1807. Trafton, Mark, a Representative from Massa- chusetts; born in Bangor, Me., August 1, 1810; completed preparatory studies ; studied theology and was ordained pastor of a church in West- field, Mass. ; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3. 1857) ; unsuccessful as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth Congress ; resumed his minis- terial duties and was pastor of a church in Mount Wallaston, Mass. ; died in West Somer- ville, Mass., March 8, 1901. Train, Charles Russell, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Framingham, Mass., October 18, 1817; attended Framingham acad- emy, and was graduated from Brown university in 1837 ; studied law at Harvard university, was admitted to the bar. and began practice in Framingham, Mass., in 1841 ; member of the state house of representatives 1847-1848; dis- trict attorney 1848-1854; declined the appoint- ment of associate justice of the supreme court of the United States in 1852; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1853 ; delegate to the national convention in Philadelphia in 1856 ; member of the governor's council 1857- 1858; elected as a Republican to the Thirty- sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863) ; served in the Union army as a volunteer aid-de-camp to General McClel- lan; delegate to the Republican national con- vention in Baltimore in 1864: moved to Boston. Mass. ; again served in the state house of repre- sentatives 1868-1871; attorney general of Massa- chusetts 1871-1878; retired to private life and resumed the practice of law; died in Conway, N. H., July 29, 1885. Trapier, Paul, a Delegate from South Caro- lina ; served in the Continental Congress 1777- 1778. Treadwell, John, a Delegate from Connecti- cut; born in Farmington, Conn., November 23, 1745; was graduated from Yale college in 1767; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Farmington, Conn.; member of the state house of representatives 1776-1785; mem- ber of the governor's council in 1785; member of the Continental Congress 1785-1786; member of the state council 1786-1797 ; lieutenant governor of Connecticut in 1798-1800; judge of probate and the supreme court of errors 1789-1809; judge of the court of common pleas; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1788 ; governor of Connecticut 1809-1811; died in Farmington, Conn., August 19, 1823. Tredway, William Marshall, a Representa- tive from Virginia ; born in Prince Edward county, Va., in August, 1807; completed pre- paratory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; held several local offices; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Con- gress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847) ; unsuc- cessful candidate for reelection ; judge of the circuit court of Virginia ; member of the seces- sion convention of Virginia in 1861 ; resumed the practice of law in Chatham, Va., and died there, May 1, 1896. Tredwell, Thomas, a Representative from New York ; born in Smithtown, Long Island, N. Y., in 1742; was graduated from Princeton college in 1764; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Plattsburg, N. Y. ; delegate to the provisional congress of New York 1774-1775 ; delegate to the state constitu- tional convention 1776-1777; member of the state assembly 1777-1783; judge of the court of probate 1778-1787 ; member of the state senate 1786-1789; delegate to the convention that rati- fied the Constitution of the United States in 1788; delegate to the state constitutional conven- tion in 1788 ; surrogate of Suffolk county in 1787-1791 ; elected to the Second and Third Con- gresses (March 4, 1791-March 3. 1795) ; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1801 ; again served in the state senate 1803-1807 ; sur- rogate of Clinton county 1807-1831; died in Plattsburg, N. Y., January 30, 1832. Treloar, William M., a Representative from Missouri ; born near Linden, Iowa county, Wis., September 21, 1850; attended the common schools ; moved to Iowa in 1864 ; attended the high school and the Iowa Wesleyan university in Mount Pleasant, Iowa ; moved to Missouri and taught English and music in Mount Pleasant college, Huntsville, in 1872; located in Mexico, Audrain county, in 1875, where he taught in the Synodical female college in Fulton, Hardin col- lege, and the public schools of Mexico ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4. 1895-March 3, 1897) ; appointed post- master of Mexico, Mo., April, 1898; engaged in music publication in Kansas City, Mo. Tremain, Lyman, a Representative from New York; born in Oak Hill. Greene county, N. Y., June 14, 1819; completed preparatory studies; studied law. was admitted to the bar, and in 1S40 began practice in Durham, N. Y. ; elected supervisor of Durham in 1842; appointed dis- 1064 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. trict attorney in 1844; elected surrogate and county judge of Greene county in 1840; moved to Albany, N. Y., in 1853 and practiced law; elected attorney general of New York in 1857 ; defeated for lieutenant governor in 1862 ; mem- ber of the state assembly 1866-1868, and served as speaker; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; died in New York city, November 30, 1878. Trezvant, James, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; a native of Sussex county, Va. ; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Jerusalem, Va. ; attorney general of Virginia ; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1820; served in the state house of representatives; elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1831) ; died in Southampton county, Va., Sep- tember 2, 1841. Trig-g 1 , Abram, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Bedford county, Va. ; completed academic studies; held local offices; delegate in the Virginia convention of 1788 that ratified the Federal constitution ; served as an officer under General Washington in the Revolutionary war; elected to the Fifth, and to the five suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1801) ; died in Washington, D. C., May 17, 1804. Trigg-, Connally F., a Representative from Virginia ; born in Abingdon, Va., September 18, 1847 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Abingdon, Va. ; elected common- wealth attorney for Washington county in 1872, which position he held until he resigned in 1884; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885-March 3. 1887) ; died in Abingdon, Va., April 23, 1907. Trigg, John, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Bedford county, Va., in 1748; received a liberal schooling ; served as a captain in the Virginia militia during the Revolutionary war; member Virginia house of delegates 1784-1792; member of the convention to ratify the Federal constitution in 1788 ; elected to the Fifth, and to the three succeeding Congresses, and served from March 4, 1797, until his death in Bedford county, Va., June 28, 1804. Trimble, Carey Allen, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Hillsboro, Ohio, September 13, 1813 ; was graduated from the Ohio university in 1833 ; studied medicine and was graduated from the Cincinnati medical college in 1836 ; tutor for four years; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859-March 3, 1863) ; unsuccessful candidate for reelection ; died in Columbus, Ohio, May 4, 1887. Trimble, David, a Representative from Ken- tucky ; born in Frederick county, Va., in June, 1782 ; was graduated from William and Mary college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Mount Sterling, Ky. ; served in the war of 1812; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifteenth, and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1827) ; died in Trimbles Furnace, Ky., October 26, 1842. Trimble, John, a Representative from Ten- nessee; born in Roane county, Tenn., February 7, 1812 ; pursued classical studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Nashville, Tenn. ; attorney general of Tennessee 1836-1842; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1843-1844 and served in the state senate 1845-1846, and 1859-1861, when he re- signed; again elected 1865-1867, when he re- signed; United States attorney from 1862 to 1864, when he resigned; elected as a National Republican to the Fortieth Congress (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869) ; died in Nashville, Tenn., February 23, 1884. Trimble, Lawrence S., a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Fleming, Ky., August 26, 1825 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Paducah, Ky. ; member of the state house of rep- resentatives 1851-1852; judge of the equity and criminal court of the first judicial circuit of Kentucky 1856-1860; president of the New Or- leans and Ohio Railroad Company 1860-1865; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1871) ; died in Albuquerque, N. Mex., August 9, 1904. Trimble, South, a Representative from Ken- tucky ; born in Wolfe county, Ky., April 13, 1864 : attended the public schools of Frankfort and Excelsior institute ; farmer by occupation ; elected to the Kentucky house of representa- tives in 1898 and again in 1900, and served as speaker the last year; was in that capacity during the memorable Goebel contest; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty -ninth Congresses (March 4, 1901- March 3, 1907) ; Democratic nominee for lieuten- ant governor of Kentucky, 1907 ; elected clerk of the national House of Representatives in the Sixty-second Congress. Trimble, William Allen, a Senator from Ohio, born in Woodford, Ky., April 4, 1786 : was graduated from the Transylvania college; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1811 ,. and began practice in Highland, Ohio; adjutant in the campaign against the Potawatomi In- dians in 1812 ; major of Ohio volunteers, May 7, 1812; taken prisoner at the capture of De- troit; major of the twenty-sixth United States infantry, March 18, 1813 ; brevetted lieutenant colonel September 17, 1814, for gallantry at Fort Erie, where he was severely wounded : lieutenant colonel of the first infantry, Novem- ber 30, 1814 ; transferred to the eighth infantry May 17, 1815 ; resigned March 1, 1819 ; elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1819, until his death in Washington, D. C., December 13, 1821. Triplett. Philip, a Representative from Ken- tucky ; a native of Virginia ; moved to Kentucky and located in Owensboro ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843). Trippe, Robert Pleasant, a Representative from Georgia; born in Jasper county, Ga., De- cember 21, 1819 ; moved with his father to Mon- roe county, and settled near Culloden ; attended Randolph-Macon college in Virginia, and was graduated from the university of Georgia in 1839; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Forsyth, Ga. ; member of the state assembly in 1 849-1853; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth BIOGRAPHIES. 1065 Congresses (March -4, 1855-March 3, 1859); member of the state senate 1859 ; member of the Confederate Congress; enlisted as a private sol- dier in the Confederate army during the Civil war ; resumed the practice of law in Forsyth, Ga. ; associate justice of the state supreme court from 1872 until 1875, when he resigned ; re- sumed the practice of law in Atlanta, Ga., and died there, July 22, 1900. Trotter, James Fisher, a Senator from Missis- sippi ; born in Brunswick county, Va., November 5, 1802 ; moved with his father's family to east- ern Tennessee; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1820, and commenced practice in Hamilton, Monroe county, Miss., in 1823 ; member of the state sen- ate several terms; elected judge of the circuit court of Mississippi in 1832; elected as a Demo- crat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Black, and served from January 22, 1838, to July 10, 1838, when he resigned ; judge of the supreme court of Mississippi from 1839 until his resignation in 1842 ; moved to Holly Springs, Marshall county, Miss. ; resumed the practice of law in 1840 ; vice chancellor of the northern district of Mississippi 1855-1857 ; professor of law at the university of Mississippi 1860-1862; appointed circuit judge in 1866, and served until his death in Holly Springs, Miss., March 9, 1866. Trotti, Samuel Wilds, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in Barnwell, S. C., July 18, 1810; attended the common schools; was graduated from the South Carolina university, 1832 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; served in the Seminole war ; member of the state legislature; elected to the Twenty- seventh Congress, to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Samson H. Butler, and served from December 17, 1842, to March 3, 1843; died in Fairfield district, S. C., June 24, 1856. Troup, George Mclntosh, a Representative and a Senator from Georgia ; born in Mclntosh Bluff, Ala., September 8, 1780; was graduated from Princeton college in 1797 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and, in 1799, began practice in Savannah, Ga. ; member of the state house of representatives 1803-1805 ; elected to the Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1815) ; elected as a State Rights Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William W. Bibb ; reelected and served from November 13, 1816, until September 23, 1818, when he resigned; governor of Georgia 1823- 1827 ; again elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1829, to March 2, 1833, when he resigned; died in Dublin, Laurens county, Ga., May 3, 1856. Trout, Michael Carver, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Hickory township, Mer- cer county, Pa., September 30, 1810; elected re- corder of Mercer county, Pa., in 1843 and served one term ; elected prothonotary for six years ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Con- gress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855) ; unsuccess- ful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-fourth Congress; died in Hickory township, Mercer county, Pa., June 25, 1873. Trowbridge, Rowland Ebenezer, a Repre- sentative from Michigan ; born in Elmira, N. Y., June 18, 1821 ; moved to Michigan ; was gradu- ated from Kenyon college, Ohio ; engaged in agricultural pursuits; member of the state sen- ate 1856-1860; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, 1863) ; reelected to the Thirty-ninth and For- tieth Congresses (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1869) ; commissioner of Indian affairs 1880-1881; died in Birmingham, Mich., April 20, 1881. Trumbo, Andrew, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Bath county, Ky., September 13, 1799; attended the public schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in 1824 in Owingsville, Ky. ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845- March 3, 1847) ; presidential elector in 1848 on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket. Trumbull, Jonathan, a Representative and a Senator from Connecticut ; born in Lebanon, Conn., March 26, 1740; was graduated from Harvard college in 1759 ; member of the colonial legislature of Connecticut, and served as speaker of the house ; appointed by the Continental Con- gress paymaster of the Northern Military De- partment in 1775 ; first comptroller of the United States Treasury, 1778 ; secretary and first aid- de-camp to General Washington ; elected as a Federalist to the First, Second, and Third Con- gresses (March 4. 1789-March 3, 1795). and served as speaker in the Second Congress; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1795, to June 10, 1796, when he resigned ; lieutenant governor of Connecticut 1789-1795; became governor in May, 1798, on account of the death of Governor Wolcott ; was elected eleven consecutive terms, and served until his death in Lebanon, Conn., August 7, 1809. Trumbull, Joseph, a Delegate from Con- necticut; born in Lebanon, Conn., March 11, 1737; was graduated from Harvard college in 1756 ; served in the Continental Congress 1774- 1775; served in the Revolutionary army as com- missary general 1775-1777 ; commissioner of the board of war 1777-1778 ; died in Lebanon, Conn., July 23, 1778. Trumbull, Joseph, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Lebanon, Conn., December 7, 1782; was graduated from Yale college in 1801; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1803, and, in 1804, began practice in Hartford, Conn. ; made president of the Hartford bank in 1828; member of the state house of representa- tives in 1832 ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty- third Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the res- ignation of William W. Ellsworth, and served from December 1, 1834, until March 3, 1835 ; re- elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4. 1839-March 3, 1843); again a member of the state house of representa- tives in 1848; governor of Connecticut 1849- 1850; again elected to the state house of rep- resentatives in 1851; died in Hartford, Conn., August 4, 1861. Trumbull, Lyman, a Senator from Illinois; born in Colchester. Conn., October 12, 1813; at- tended Bacon academy; taught school in Con- necticut 1829-1833 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Greenville. Ga.; moved to Belleville, 111.; member of the legis- lature of Illinois in 1840; secretary of state of Illinois 1841-1842 ; justice of the supreme court 1066 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. of Illinois 1848-1853: elected to the Thirty- fourth Congress, but before the beginning of the Congress was elected as a Republican to the United States Senate: twice reelected, and served from March 4. 1855, to March 3, 1873; resumed the practice of law in Chicago, 111. ; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for governor of Illinois in 1880; died in Chicago, 111.. June 25, 1896. Tuck, Amos, a Representative from New Hampshire; born at Parsonsfield. Me., August 2, 1810; was graduated from Dartmouth col- lege in 1835; studied law. was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Exeter, N. H. ; elected as an Independent to the Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4. 1847- March 3, 1853) ; delegate to the Republican national convention in 1856 and 1860; delegate to the peace congress in 1861 ; defeated for the Thirty-third Congress ; appointed naval officer of the port of Boston by President Lincoln; trustee of Dartmouth college many years; died in Exeter, N. H., December 11, 1879. Tucker, Ebenezer, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in Burlington. N. J., Novem- ber 15. 1757; attended the common schools; served in the Revolutionary army ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar ; held several local offices ; moved to Tuckerton, N. J. ; elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3. 1829) ; judge of the court of common pleas ; appointed first collector of revenue, port of Tuckerton ; also the first postmaster by Gen. Washington; died in Tuck- erton, N. J., September 5. 1845. Tucker, George, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in the town of St. Georges, Ber- muda, August 20, 1775; came to Virginia about 1787; was graduated from William and Mary college in 1797 ; -studied law, was admitted to the bar. and began practice in Lynchburg, Va. ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives in 1815; elected as a Democrat to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1825) ; pro- fessor in the university of Virginia 1825-1845; died in Sherwood, Albemarle county. Va., April 10, 1861. Tucker, Henry St. George, a Representative from Virginia; born in Williamsburg, Va.. De- cember 29, 1780; pursued classical studies; at- tended William and Mary college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Winchester, Va. ; served in the war of 1812 ; elected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1819) ; chan- cellor of the fourth judicial district 1824-1831 ; president of the Virginia court of appeals 1831- 1841 ; professor of law at the university of Virginia 3841-1845; declined the portfolio of Attorney General of the United States, tendered by President Jackson ; died in Winchester, Va., August 28, 1848. Tucker, Henry St. George, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Winchester, Va.. April 5, 1853; was graduated from the Washington and Lee university, Lexington, Va., in 1875 : was admitted to the bar in 1876. and commenced practice in Staunton, Va. ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-first. Fifty-second. Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4. 1889- March 3, 1897) ; elected professor of constitu- tional law in Washington and Lee university, in Lexington, Va. ; was president of the Tercenten- nial Exposition in Jamestown, Va., 1904-1905. Tucker, John Randolph, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Winchester, A T a., De- cember 24, 1823; attended a private school and Richmond academy and was graduated from the university of Virginia in 1844 ; was admitted to the bar in 1845 and began practice in Winchester, Va. ; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1852 and 1856; at- torney general of Virginia 1857-1865; professor of equity and public law at Washington and Lee university. Lexington. Va. : resumed the prac- tice of law ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fourth, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4. 1875-March 3, 1887) ; elected pro- fessor of constitutional law in Washington and Lee university, in Lexington, Va. ; died in Lex- ington, Va.. February 13, 1897. Tucker, Starling, a Representative from South Carolina ; a native of Halifax county, N. C. ; moved to Mountain Shoals. S. C. ; re- ceived a limited education: held 'several local offices ; elected to the Fifteenth, and to the six succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1817-March 3. 1831); died in Mountain Shoals, S. C.. Febru- ary 4, 1834. Tucker, Thomas Tudor, a Delegate and a Representative from South Carolina; born in Port Royal. Bermuda, June 25, 1745 ; attended the common schools; studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh ; moved to South Caro- lina and practiced ; served as a surgeon in the Revolutionary war ; Delegate to the Continental Congress 1787-1788; elected as a Federalist to the First and Second Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1793) ; United States Treasurer from December 1. 1801. until his death in Wash- ington, D. C., May 2, 1828. Tucker, Tilghman M., a Representative from Mississippi ; a native of North Carolina ; com- pleted preparatory studies; moved to Hamilton. Miss. ; 'studied law. was admitted to the bar. and began practice in Columbus. Miss. ; member of the state house of repi'esentatives ; governor of Mississippi 1841-1843 : elected as a Demo- crat to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) : died in Alabama April 30. 1859. Tufts, John Q., a Representative from Iowa; born near Aurora, Ind.. July 12. 1840: moved with his parents to Iowa in 1852; pursued classi- cal studies; farmer; member of the Iowa legis- lature 1869, 1871, and 1873; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4. 1875-March 3, 1877). Tully, Pleasant Britton, a Representative from California ; born in Henderson county. Tenn., .March 21, 1829; attended the public and private schools; moved with his father to Phil- lips county. Ark.: went to California in 1853 and engaged in mining; resided in Gilroy. Cal., after 1857 : studied law and was admitted to the bar; elected a delegate at large to the state constitutional convention in 1879 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3. 1885) : resumed the practice of law; died in Gilroy, Cal.. March 24, 1897. BIOGRAPHIES. 1067 Turley, Thomas Battle, a Senator from Ten- nessee ; born in Memphis, Tenn., April 5, 1845 ; served through the civil war as a private in the Confederate army; graduated from the law de- partment of the University of Virginia in 1867, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Memphis, Tenn. ; appointed as a Democrat and subsequently elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Isham G. Harris and served from July 20. 1897, to March 3, 1901 : declined a renomination and resumed practice in Memphis, Tenn.; died in Memphis, Tenn., July 1, 1910. Turnbull, Robert, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Lawrenceville, Va.. January 11, 1850 ; attended the common schools and was graduated from the University of Virginia in 1871 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Lawrenceville, Va. ; member of the state senate in 1894; delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1901; delegate to the Democratic national conventions in 1896 and 1904; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty- first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Francis R. Lassiter and took his seat March 16, 1910. Reelected to the Sixty-second Congress. Turner, Benjamin Sterling, a Representative from Alabama ; born in Halifax county, N. C., March 17, 1825; moved to Alabama in 1830, where, by clandestine study, he obtained a fair education ; became a merchant ; held several local offices; elected as a Republican to the Forty-second Congress (March 4. 1871-March 3, 1873) ; defeated for the Forty-third Congress. Turner, Charles, jr., a Representative from Massachusetts; a native of Massachusetts; was graduated from Harvard college; studied the- ology and became pastor of a parish in Duxbury, Mass. : successfully contested as a war Demo- crat the election of William Baylies to the Eleventh Congress; reelected to the Twelfth Congress, and served from June 28, 1809, to March 3. 1813; defeated for reelection. Turner, Charles Henry, a Representative from New York ; born in Wentworth, N. H., May 26, 1861: attended the district schools; moved to New York City in November. 1879; entered Columbia college in 1886 and pursued a course of two years ; after leaving college engaged in the ice busiiiess; candidate for state senator in 1888: elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of Frank T. Fitzgerald, and served from December 9, 1889, to March 3. 1891; resumed the practice of law in Washington, D. C. Turner, Daniel, a Representative from North Carolina; born in Warren county. N. C.. Septem- ber 21, 1796; completed preparatory studies; was graduated from the United States military academy at West Point in 1814 and was com- missioned second lieutenant of artillery in 1814; served in the war of 1812 as acting assistant engineer: resigned his commission May 17. 1815; student for two years at William and Mary college. Virginia ; member of the house of commons of North Carolina 1819-1823: elected to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827- March 3, 1829) ; principal of the Warrenton. N. C., female seminary: superintending engi- neer of the construction of public works at the Mare island navy yard until his death in San Francisco, Cal., July 21, 1860. Turner, Erastus Johnson, a Representative from Kansas; born in Lockport, Erie county, Pa., December 26, 1846 ; attended college in Henry, 111., 1859-1860; enlisted in company E, thirteenth Iowa infantry, in 1864, and remained till the close of the war; attended Adrian col- lege, Michigan, 1866-1868; was admitted to the bar in 1871, moved to Hoxie, Kans.. in 1879, and practiced ; elected a member of the legisla- ture in 1881 and 1883; secretary of the Kansas board of railroad commissioners April 1,. 1883- August 1. 1886; elected as a Republican 'to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3. 1891) ; practiced law several years in Washington, D. C., and later removed to Seattle, Wash. Turner, George, a Senator from Washington; born in Edina, Mo., February 25, 1850; at- tended the common schools; studied law and was admitted to the bar; United States marshal for the southern and middle districts of Ala* bama 1876-1880; associate justice of the su- preme court for the territory of Washington from July 4, 1884. till February 15, 1888 ; mem. ber of the stnte constitutional convention in 1889 ; elected as a Fusionist to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1897, until March 3, 1903; counsel for the United States at The Hague in the Northeastern Fish- eries arbitration with Great Britain in 1910; appointed by President Roosevelt a member of the international joint commission for the set- tlement of questions between the United States and Canada. Turner, Henry G-., a Representative from Georgia ; born in Franklin county, N. C., March 20, 1839 ; attended the common schools and the University of Virginia in 1857 ; moved to Brooks county, Ga., in 1859 and taught school ; en- listed in the Confederate army as a private in 1861 and served throughout the Civil war, at- taining the rank of captain and being severely wounded at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa. ; was admitted to the bar in 1865 ; presidential elector on the Horace Greeley ticket in 1872; member of the state legislature in 1874-1875. 1876 ; dele- gate to the Democratic national convention in 1876; again elected to the state legislature in 1878 and 1879: elected as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh, and to the seven succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1881-March 3, 1897) ; re- sumed the practice of law in Quitman. Ga. ; died in Raleigh, N. C., June 9, 1904. Turner, James, a Senator from North Caro- lina ; born in Southampton county, Va., Decem- ber 20, 1766; moved with his father to Warren county, N. C., in 1770; Attended the common schools; private in the Revolutionary army in a company of North Carolina volunteers; mem- ber of the state house of representatives 1797- 1800 ; served in the state senate 1801-1802 ; gov- ernor of North Carolina 1802-1805; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1805 ; reelected in 1811, and served from March 4, 1805, to November 21, 1816, when he resigned on account of ill health ; died in Bloomsbury, N. C., January 15, 1824. Turner, James, a Representative from Mary- land; born in Harford county, Md., in 1783; 1068 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. completed preparatory studies; captain in the militia in the war of 1812; moved to Parkton, Baltimore county, in 1811; served as a justice of the peace; collector of taxes in 1817; mem- ber of the house of delegates 1824-1833 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty- fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837) ; defeated for reelection; again served in the house of delegates; member of the state senate 1855-1859; died in 1861. Turner, Oscar, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in New Orleans, La., February 3. 1825; moved with his parents to Fayette county, Ky., 'in 1826; completed preparatory studies; moved to Ballard county, Ky., in 1843 ; attended the law department of the Transylvania uni- versity, in Lexington, Ky., in 1847 ; was admit- ted to the bar and practiced until 1861; com- monwealth attorney 1851-1855; served in the state senate of Kentucky 1867-1871; elected as an independent Democrat to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1885) ; died in 1896. Turner, Oscar, jr., a Representative from Ken- tucky ; born in Woodlands, Ballard county, Ky.. October 19, 1867; attended the public schools of Washington, D. C., and the Louisville Rugby school ; studied law at the University of Louis- ville and was graduated from the University of Virginia in 1886; traveled very extensively; was admitted to the bar and began practice in 1891 in Louisville, Ky. ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899- March 3, 1901; died in Louisville, Ky., July 17, 1902. Turner, Smith Spangler, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Warren county, Va., No- vember 21, 1842; cadet at the Virginia Military institute when the civil war commenced, and subsequently given an honorary diploma ; en- listed in the Confederate army in 1861 ; served with Gen. T. J. Jackson as drill officer ; an officer of Pickett's division during the remainder of the war; once wounded, and, about the close of the war, badly injured and disfigured by an explosion of gunpowder; taught mathematics in a female seminary in Winchester, Va., 1865- 1867 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1869, and practiced in Front Royal, Va. ; member of the Virginia legislature 1869-1872 ; prosecuting attorney for Warren county, Va. ; for eight years a member of the state board of visitors of the Virginia Military Institute; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third Con- gress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles T. O'Ferrall ; reelected to the Fifty- fourth Congress, and served from February 12, 1894, to March 3, 1897; died in Front Royal, Va.. April S. 1898. Turner, Thomas, a Representative from Ken- tucky; born in Richmond, Ky., September 10, 1821 ; attended the Richmond academy and was graduated from Center college, Danville, Va., in September, 1840; studied law at the Transyl- vania Law school, Lexington, Ky. ; was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Richmond, Va. ; moved in November, 1854, to Mount Sterling, Ky. ; appointed commonwealth attorney in March, 1846, and resigned in 1849; member of the state house of representatives 1861-1863; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881); died in Mount Sterling, Ky., September 11. 1900. Turner, Thomas J., a Representative from Illinois ; born in Trumbull county, Ohio, April 5, 1815; completed preparatory studies; moved with his parents to Butler county, Pa., in 1825; moved to St. Paul, Decatur county, Ind., in 1833, and later to Freeport, 111.; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; judge of probate in 1842 ; postmaster of Freeport in 1844; elected state district attorney in 1845; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4. 1847-March 3, 1849) ; member of the state house of representatives in 1854, and served as speaker; elected first mayor of Freeport, 111., in 1855 ; member of peace congress in Washing- ton, D. C., in 1861 ; enlisted in the Union army for the civil war, May 24. 1861, and served as colonel of the fifteenth Illinois volunteer infan- try; resigned on account of ill health in 1862; member of the state constitutional convention in 1863; moved to Chicago, 111., in 1871 and resumed the practice of law ; died in Hot Springs, Ark., April 4, 1874. Turney, Hopkins Lacy, a Representative and a Senator from Tennessee; born in Smith county, Tenn., October 3, 1797 ; served in the Seminole war ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Winchester, Tenn. ; member of the state house of representatives 1828-1838 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Con- gresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843) ; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1845, until March 3, 1851 ; resumed the practice of law ; died in Winchester, Tenn., August 1, 1857. Turney, Jacob, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Greensburg, Pa., February 18, 1825; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Greensburg, Pa. ; elected district attorney for Westmoreland county in 1850 and 1853 ; presi- dential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1856; member of the state senate; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879; died in Greensburg, Pa., October 4. 1891. Turpie, David, a Senator from Indiana ; born " in Hamilton county, Ohio, July 8, 1829 ; was grad- uated from Kenyon college in 1848 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849, and prac- ticed in Logansport, Ind. ; appointed by Governor Wright judge of the court of common pleas in 1854-1856 ; judge of the circuit court in 1856 ; member of the legislature of Indiana in 1852 and 1858 ; elected to the United States Senate in 1863, to fill the vacancy caused by the Senate ex- pelling Jesse D. Bright and served from January 14, 1863, to March 3, 1863 ; member of the state house of representatives and served as speaker 1874-1875; one of the three commissioners to revise the laws of Indiana in 1878-1881; ap- pointed United States district attorney for In- diana in August, 1886, and served until March 3, 1887 ; delegate at large to the Democratic na- t ional convention in 1888 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate February 2. 1887; reelected in 1893 and served from March 4, 1887, until March 3, 1899; died in Indianapolis, Ind., April 21, 1909. BIOGRAPHIES. 1069 Turpin, Louis Washington, a. Representative from Alabama ; born in Charlottesville, Va., Feb- ruary 22, 1849 ; moved with his parents to Perry county, Ala., in 1858; tax assessor of Hale county seven years; unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic nomination for Congress in 1S82; presented credentials as a Democratic Member- elect to the Fifty-first Congress and served from March 4, 1889, until June 4, 1890, when he was succeeded by John V. McDuffie, who contested his election; elected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1895) ; died in Greensboro, Hale county, Ala., February 3, 1903. Turrill, Joel, a Representative from New York; born in Shoreham, Vt, February 22, 1794; was graduated from Mkldlebury college in 1816; studied law in Newburgh, N. Y. ; moved to Oswego, N. Y. ; was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; justice of the peace ; district attorney for Oswego county ; county judge, 1828-1833 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1831 ; elected as a Jackson Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833-March 3, 1837; surrogate of Oswego county in 1843; United States consul to the Sandwich Islands 1845-1850; died in Oswego, N. Y., December 28, 1859. Tuthill, Joseph Hasbrouck, a Representative from New York ; born in Blooming Grove, N. Y., February 11, 1811 ; attended the public schools ; 4. 61-2 70 White, Samuel, a Senator from Delaware; born in Wilmington, Del., in 1770; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices; appointed and subsequently elected as a Fed- eralist to the United States Senate, and served from February 28, 1801, until his death in Wil- mington, Del., November 4, 1809. White, Stephen Mallory, a Senator from California ; born in San Francisco, Cal., Janu- ary 19, 1853 ; moved with parents to Santa Cruz county, Cal. ; attended private and com- mon schools, and St. Ignatius college in San Francisco, and was graduated from Santa Clara college, Santa Clara county, Cal., in 1871; studied law, was admitted to the bar April 14, 1874, and located in practice in Los Angeles, Cal. ; district attorney of Los Angeles county in 1882; state senator 1886-1890; president pro tempore both sessions, and in 1888 became, by virtue of his office, lieutenant governor ; mem- ber board of regents of the university of Cali- fornia ; delegate in the Democratic national conventions of 1888 and 1892; unsuccessful candidate for the United States Senate in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the United States Sen- ate and served from March 4, 1893, to March 3, 1899; died in Los Angeles, Cal., February 21, 1901. White, Stephen Van Culen, a Representative from New York ; born in Chatham county, N. C., August 1, 1831; moved with his parents to Jer- sey county. 111., in 1831 ; attended the free school founded by Dr. Silas Hamilton in Otterville, 111., and was graduated from Knox college, Illinois, in 1854 ; entered a mercantile house in St. Louis, Mo.; studied law and was admitted to practice November 4, 1856 ; moved to Des Moines, Iowa, in 1856, and practiced law until January 1, 1865; acting United States district attorney for Iowa in 1864; moved to New York city in 1865 and engaged in banking; member of the stock exchange: elected as a Republican to the Fif- tieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889) ; a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, New York City. White, William J., a Representative from Ohio; born in Canada, October 7. 1850; came to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1857 ; attended the district schools; entered business as a wholesale dealer, manufacturer, and vessel owner ; later interested in banking, farming, stock raising, and various business enterprises; elected mayor of West Cleveland as a Republican in 1889; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third Congress (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1895). Whiteaker, John, a Representative from Ore- gon ; born in Dearborn county, Ind., May 4, 1820; was self-educated and early engaged in farming and stock raising; went to the Pacific coast in 1849 and settled in Oregon in 1852; elected judge of probate for Lane county in 1855; member of the territorial legislature in 1857. and in 1858 elected governor of the new state of Oregon, which office he held until 1862 ; elected to the state house of represt tatives in 1866 and 1868, served as speaker, and again re- elected in 1870; member of the state board of equalization in 1872, and chairman; member of the commission to examine, report upon, and receive the locks and canal at the falls of the Willamette river; elected a state senator in 1876 for four years and served as president of 1106 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. the sessions of 1876 and 1878; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881) ; collector of the port of Portland, Oreg. ; died in Eugene, Oreg., October 2, 1902. Whitehead, Thomas, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Clifton, Va., December 27, 1825 ; received a limited schooling; became a mer- chant ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Amherst, Va. ; engaged in farming; elected prosecuting attorney for Am- herst county in 1866 and 1869, resigning in No- vember, 1873; elected state senator in 1865, but did not qualify ; served in the Confederate army 1861-1865; elected as a Conservative, indorsed by Republicans, to the Forty-third Congress March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; died in Lynch- burg, Va., in 1902. Whitehill, James, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Strasburg, Lancaster county, Pa., February 1, 1762 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Stras- burg; elected associate judge of the Lancaster county court and served 1811-1813, and again 1820-1822; served in the War of 1812; became major general of Pennsylvania militia ; elected to the Thirteenth Congress and served from March 4, 1813, to September 1, 1814, when he re- signed ; died in Strasburg, Pa., February 26, 1822; interment in Presbyterian churchyard, Leacock, Pa. Whitehill, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Salisbury township, Lancaster county, Pa., December 11, 1729 ; completed pre- paratory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Lancaster county; justice of the peace; member of the council of censors October 20, 1783; delegate in the su- preme executive council ; member of state con- vention for adoption of the Federal constitu- tion ; elected to the Eighth and Ninth Con- gresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1807) ; died in Lancaster county, Pa., September 16, 1815. Whitehill, Robert, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Pequea, Lancaster county, Pa., July 29, 1738 ; attended common schools ; purchased a large tract of land in Cumberland county, located upon it, and erected the first stone house in the county ; member of Phila- delphia convention of July, 1776, that approved the Declaration of Independence, and of the state convention of 1790; served in both branches of the state legislature and was speaker of the senate during the impeachment trials of the supreme court judges of Pennsyl- vania ; elected to the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1813) ; died in Lauther Manor, Cumberland county, Pa., April 8, 1813. Whitehouse, John O., a Representative from New York; born in Rochester, N. H., July 19, 1817 ; received a limited schooling ; moved to Brooklyn, N. Y., and became a merchant and manufacturer ; elected as a Liberal to the Forty- third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877). Whitelaw, Robert Henry, a Representative from Missouri ; born in Essex county, Va., Janu- ary 30, 1854 ; attended the public schools of Staunton, Va., and the law department of the University of Michigan ; was admitted to the bar; located in practice in Cape Girardeau, Mo., in 1859; prosecuting attorney of Cape Girar- deau county two terms ; member of the state general assembly two terms; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-first Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of James Peter Walker and served from December 1, 1890, to March 3, 1891; resumed the practice of law in Cape Girardeau, Mo., and city attorney for several years. Whiteley, Richard Henry, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Ireland December 22, 1830; brought with parents to Georgia in 1836; received private instruction in elementary branches ; engaged in manufacturing ; studied law and in I860 was admitted to the bar ; op- posed secession, but after the adoption of the ordinance entered the Confederate army and served until 1865; attained the rank of major; member of the state constitutional convention of 1867 ; claimed an election to the Forty-first Congress, but the House refused him his seat; credentials as a Senator-elect to the United States Senate were presented July 15, 1870, in the Forty-first Congress, but, as election took place prior to the readmission of Georgia into the Union, was not admitted to his seat; elected to the Forty-first Congress; qualified under the act of July 11, 1868, and took his seat February 9, 1871 ; reelected to the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses and served from Febru- ary 9, 1871, to March 3, 1875; defeated for the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses; died in Boulder, Colo., September 26, 1890. Whiteley, William Gustavus, a Representa- tive from Delaware; born in Newark, Del., August 7, 1819 ; was graduated from Princeton college in 1838 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1841, and began practice in New Castle ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861) ; mayor of Wilmington, Del., in 1873; appointed associate judge of the superior court of Delaware March 31. 1884, and served until his death in Wilmington, Del., April 23, 1886; interment in Bridgeton, N. J. Whiteside, Jenkins, a Senator from Tennes- see ; born in Lancaster, Pa., in 1782 ; pursued preparatory studies; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar; moved to Tennessee and practiced in Nashville many years ; was elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Daniel Smith, and served from April 11, 1809, to October 8, 1811, when he resigned; died in Nashville, Tenn., September 25, 1822. Whiteside, John, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; elected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1819). Whitefield, John W., a Delegate from the Territory of Kansas; born in Tennessee; moved to Tecumseh, Kans. ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses and served from March 4, 1853, until August 1, 1856, when he was succeeded by Andrew H. Reeder, who contested his election to the Thirty- fourth Congress. Whiting, Justin Rice, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Bath, Steuben county, N. Y., February 18, 1847 ; moved with parents to St. BIOGRAPHIES. 1107 Clair, Mich., in 1849; attended public schools and Michigan university 1863-1865; became a merchant and manufacturer ; mayor of St. Clair in 1879; state senator in 1882; elected by the combined votes of Democrats and Greenbackers to the Fiftieth Congress; reelected to the Fifty- first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1895) ; Democratic candidate for governor in 1898 and defeated; Democratic candidate for Congress in 1900 and defeated; chairman of the Democratic state central committee; died in St. Clair, Mich., January 31, 1903. Whiting, Richard Henry, a Representative from Illinois; born in West Hartford, Conn., January 7, 1826 ; attended the common schools ; served in the Union army 1862-1866; assessor of internal revenue for the fifth district of Illinois 1870-1873; collector of internal revenue for the same district 1873-1875; elected to the Forty-fourth Congress {March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877) ; died in New York city May 24, 1888; interment in Peoria, 111. Whiting, William, a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Concord, Mass., March 3, 1813 ; was graduated from Harvard college in 1833 ; taught school in Plymouth and Con- cord, Mass. ; was graduated from the Harvard law school in 3838; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Boston ; solicitor of the War Department 1862-1865; presidential elector in 1868 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress, but died before the as- sembling of the Congress, in Boston, Mass., June 29, 1873. Whiting, William, a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Dudley, Mass., May 24, 1841 ; attended grammar and high school ; en- gaged in the manufacture of paper in Holyoke, Mass. ; elected to the state senate in 1873 ; treasurer of Holyoke 1876-1877; delegate to the national Republican convention of 1876 ; mayor of Holyoke 1878-1879; elected as a Re- publican to the Forty -eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889) ; commissioner to the Paris exposition in 1900; died in Holyoke, Mass., January 9, 1911. Whitman, Ezekiel, a Representative from Massachusetts and Maine; born in East Bridge- water, Mass., March 9, 1776; was graduated from Brown university in 1795; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in New Gloucester, Me., 1799-1807, and in Portland, Me., 1807-1852; elected as a Federalist to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809-March 3, 1811) ; member of the executive council in 1815- 1816; delegate to the convention that framed the state constitution of Maine; elected to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1817, to June 1, 1822, when he resigned ; defeated for the Twenty-sixth Congress ; judge of the court of common pleas of Maine, 1822-1841 ; chief justice state supreme court, 1841-1848; died in East Bridgewater, Mass., August 1, 1866. Whitman, Lemuel, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Connecticut June 8, 1780; was graduated from Yale college in 1800; elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825) ; died in Farmington, Conn., November 11, 1841. Whitmore, George W., a Representative from Texas; born in McMinn county, Tenn., August 26, 1824 ; attended the public schools ; moved to Texas in 1848; studied law and was admitted to the bar; state representative, 1852, 1853, and 1858; district attorney for the ninth judicial district in 1866 ; appointed register in bank- ruptcy in 1867 ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871). Whitney, Thomas Richard, a Representative from New York ; born in New York city, May 2, 1807 ; pursued classical studies and engaged in newspaper work ; state senator, 18541855 ; elected as an American to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857) ; died in New York city, April 12, 1858. Whittemore, Benjamin Franklin, a Repre- sentative from South Carolina ; born in Maiden, Mass., in 1824 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied theology and became a minister in the Methodist Episcopal church ; chaplain in the Union army; after the war located in South Carolina ; delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1867; founded the New Era in Darlington ; state senator ; elected to the For- tieth and Forty-first Congresses, and served from March 4, 1867, to February 24, 1870, when he resigned, pending the investigation of his con- duct in connection with certain appointments to the United States military and naval acad- emies ; presented credentials of a second elec- tion to the same Congress on June 18, 1870, but the House declined to allow him to be sworn. Whittemore, Elias, a Representative from New York ; born in Pembroke, N. H., March 2, 1772; completed preparatory studies; moved to New York and elected to the Nineteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827) ; died in Windsor, N. Y., December 26. 1853. Whitthorne, Washington Curran, a Repre- sentative and a Senator from Tennessee; born in Marshall county, Tenn., April 19, 1825; at- tended an academy in Williamson county, and Campbell academy, Lebanon, Tenn., and the University of Nashville for a time ; was gradu- ated from East Tennessee university, Knoxville, Tenn., in 1843; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1845 ; served as auditor's clerk and in the Government service until 1848, when he began practice in Columbia, Tenn. ; member of the state senate 1855-1858 ; member of the lower house of the general assembly, and presiding officer in 1859; Breckinridge elector in 1860; assistant adjutant-general in the provisional army of Tennessee in 1861; adjutant-general of the state 1861-1865; his disabilities were re- moved by act of Congress approved July, 1870; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second, and to the five succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1883) ; appointed, and subse- quently elected, to the United States Senate, as a Democrat, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Howell E. Jackson, and served from April 16, 1886, to March 3, 1887; elected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891) ; died in Colum- bia, Tenn., September 21, 1891. Whittlesey, Elisha, a Representative from Ohio; born in Washington, Conn., October 19, 1783; completed preparatory studies; studied 1108 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOKY. law, was admitted to the bar, and in 1806 began practice in Canfield, Ohio ; prosecuting attorney of Mahoning county for sixteen years; served as an aid-de-camp in the war of 1812-1815; state representative 1820-1821; elected to the Eighteenth, and to the seven succeeding Con- gresses, and served from March 4, 1823, to July 9, 1838, when he resigned ; auditor for the Post Office Department, 1841-1849; appointed by President Taylor first comptroller of the Treas- ury and served 1849-1857; removed by Presi- dent Buchanan, but was reappointed by Presi- dent Lincoln in 1861, and served until his death, in Washington, D. C., January 7, 1863. Whittlesey, Frederick, a Representative from New York; born in Washington, Conn., June 12, 1799 ; was graduated from Yale in 1818; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Utica, N. Y., in 1821, and began practice in Rochester, N. Y., in 1822 ; elected to the Twenty- second and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1835) ; vice-chancellor of the eighth judicial district of New York 1839-1847 ; appointed a justice of the state supreme court June 30, 1847; died in Rochester, N. Y., Sep- tember 19, 1851. Whittlesey, Thomas Tucker, a Representa- tive from Connecticut ; born in Danbury, Conn., December 8, 1798; was graduated from Yale college; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Danbury, Conn. ; elected as a Van Buren Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Zalnion Wildman ; reelected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, and served from April 29, 1836, to March 3, 1839; defeated for the Twenty-sixth Congress; died in Pleasant Branch, Wis., 1858. Whittlesey, William A., a Representative from Ohio ; native of Connecticut ; was gradu- ated from Yale college; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in Mari- etta, Ohio ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851). Whyte. William Pinkney, a Senator from Maryland ; born in Baltimore, Md., August 9, 1824 ; was instructed by a private tutor and attended Baltimore college ; engaged in the banking business in Baltimore 1842-1844 ; studied law in Baltimore, and attended the law school of Harvard university 1844-1845 ; was admitted to the bar in 1846 and practiced in Baltimore ; judge advocate of a court-martial at the Naval academy in 1848 ; representative in the legislature 1847-1848; comptroller of the treasury of Maryland 1853-1855, declined a re- election ; delegate in the Democratic national convention of 1868 ; appointed to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Reverdy Johnson, and served from July 13, 1868, to March 3, 1869 ; in 1871 elected governor for four years, but resigned in 1874 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1881; mayor of Baltimore 1881-1882; attorney-general of Maryland 1887-1891 ; declined appointment as a delegate to the congress of South American republics; chairman of a com- mission to frame a new charter for the city of Baltimore 1897-1898 ; counsel for Maryland be- fore the arbitration board in the boundary dis- pute between Virginia and Maryland in 1874; city solicitor 1900-1903 ; appointed and subse- quently elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Arthur Pue Gorman, and served from June 8, 1906, until his death in Baltimore, Md., March 17, 1908. Wick, William Watson, a Representative from Indiana ; born in Canonsburg, Pa., Feb- ruary 23, 1796; completed preparatory studies: taught school ; studied medicine and then law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Fayette county, Ind., in 1820; secretary of the state of Indiana in 1825 ; state attorney for the fifth judicial circuit 1829-1831; president-judge 1823-1835 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1841) ; reelected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849) ; post- master of Indianapolis 1853-1857; died in Franklin county, Ind., May 16, 1868. Wickersham, James, a Delegate from the District of Alaska; born August 24, 1857; was appointed United States district judge, third division, of Alaska, June 6, 1900, and served two terms; elected as a Republican a Delegate to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909- March 3, 1911). Reelected to ihe Sixty-second Congress. Wickes, Eliphalet a Representative from New York ; born in Suffolk county, N. Y. ; elected to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807). Wickham, Charles Preston, a Representative from Ohio; born in Norwalk, Huron county, Ohio, September 15, 1836; attended the public schools and the Norwalk academy ; studied law, and was graduated from the Cincinnati law school ; admitted to the bar in 1858 and prac- ticed in Norwalk, Ohio; enlisted as a private in company D, fifty-fifth regiment Ohio volunteers in September, 1861, and mustered out of the service on the llth of July, 1865 ; attained the rank of first lieutenant, captain, major, and lieu- tenant-colonel ; while major was commissioned lieutentant-colonel by brevet " for gallant and meritorious services in the Carolinas;" re- sumed the practice of law in Norwalk in July, 1865; elected prosecuting attorney in 1866 and 1868 ; elected judge of the court of common pleas of the fourth judicial district in 1880 and 1885 ; resigned in 1886 ; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891) ; resumed the practice of law in Norwalk, Ohio. Wickliffe, Charles A., a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Bardstown, Ky., June 8, 1788; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1809, and began practice in Bardstown ; state representative 1812-1813 and 1822-1823; elected as a Clay Democrat to the Eighteenth, and to the four suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1823-Maivh 3. 1833) ; elected to the state house of representa- tives in 1834, and speaker; lieutenant-governor of Kentucky in 1836 ; became governor upon the death of Governor Clark in 1839 ; Postmas- ter-General under President Tyler October 13, 1841, to March 6, 18-15 ; sent on a secret mission by President Polk to the Republic of Texas in 1845; elected as a Union Whig to the Thirty- seventh Congress (March 4, 1861-March 3, BIOGRAPHIES. 1109 1863) ; delegate to the national Democratic con- vention in Chicago in 1864; died in Howard county, Md., October 31, 1869. Wickliffe, Robert C., a Representative from Louisiana ; born in Bardstown, Ky., May 1, 1874, while his parents were on a visit to rela- tives in that state; attended the public schools of St. Francisville, La., and was graduated from Center College, Danville, Ky., in 1895, and from the law department of Tulane university, New Orleans, La., in 1897, and began practice in St. Francisville ; member of the constitutional con- vention of 1898; enlisted as a private in com- pany E, first Louisiana volunteer infantry, and served during the Spanish-American war; was mustered out of service in October, 1898; re- turned to West Feliciana, and resumed the prac- tice of law; district attorney of the twenty- fourth judicial district of Louisiana 1900-1902 ; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second- Congress, and killed while crossing a railroad bridge in Washington, D. C., June 11, 1912. Widgery, William, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1753; attended the common schools; became a sailor ; served in the Revolutionary war ; moved to Portland, Mass, (now Maine) ; state repre- sentative 1787, 1791, 1793, 1794, 1795, and 1797 ; resigned in 1797 ; member of state constitutional convention of 1788; member of the executive council in 1806 and 1807 ; judge of the court of common pleas 1813-1822 ; elected as a War Dem- ocrat to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811- March 3, 1813) ; defeated for reelection; moved to Boston, Mass., and died there August 7, 1822. Wigfall, Louis Trezevant, a Senator from Texas; born in Edgefield District, S. C., April 21, 1816 ; pursued classical studies ; attended the college of South Carolina until 1835, when he participated as a lieutenant of volunteers in the Seminole war in Florida ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Mar- shall, Tex,; member of the state legislature 1849-1850; delegate in the state convention of 1857; state senator 1857-1858, and 1859-1860; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of James P. Henderson and served from December 5, 1859, to July 11, 1861, when he was expelled from the Senate; served in the Confederate army; represented Texas in the Confederate congress; after the war moved to London, Eng- land, and a short time afterwards (in 1873) re- turned to Baltimore, Md. ; died in Galveston, Tex., February 18, 1874. Wigginton, Peter Dinwiddie, a Representa- tive from California; born in Springfield, 111., September 6, 1839; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Snelling, Cal. ; district attorney, Merced, Cal., in 1863; elected as a Democrat to the Forty -fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; attempted to revive the old American party in 1866, and was defeated as its candidate for gov- ernor; located in San Francisco in 1880, mid practiced law until his death in Oakland, Cal.. July 7, 1890. Wike, Scott, a Representative from Illinois; born in Meadville, Pa., April 6, 1834 ; moved with his parents to Quincy, 111., in 18..8, and to Pike county in 1844 ; was graduated from Lom- bard" university, Galesburg, in 1857; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 185S; was graduated from Harvard law school, Cambridge, Mass., in 1859, and commenced practice the same year in Pittsfield, 111. ; twice elected to the state legislature 1863-1867; elected to the Forty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1877) ; reelected as a Democrat to the Fifty- first and Fifty-second Congresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893) ; an assistant secretary of the Treasury under President Cleveland (second administration) ; died near Barry, 111., January 15, 1901. Wilber, David, a Representative from New York ; born near Quaker Street, Schenectady county. N. Y., October 5, 1820; attended the common schools; engaged in the lumber trade and in farming; one of the directors of the Sec- ond National bank "of Cooperstown, N. Y. ; presi- dent of the Wilber national bank in Oneonta ; elected to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; reelected to the Forty- sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881) ; again elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses and served from March 4, 1887, until his death in Oneonta, N. Y., April 1, 1890; delegate to the Republican na- tional convention in Chicago in 1880. Wilber, David F., a Representative from New York; born in Milford, Otsego county, N. Y., December 7, 1859 ; was graduated from Caze- novia (N. Y.) seminary in 1879; engaged in the hop business in 1880, and interested in farming and stock breeding; twice represented Oneonta in the board of supervisors; member of the state tuberculosis commission in 1894 ; director of the Wilber national bank of One- onta ; president of the Holstein-Friesian asso- ciation of America and of the American Cheviot sheep association of the United States and Can- ada ; trustee of the Cazenovia seminary ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty- fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1899) ; appointed United States consul to the Barbados, then to Singapore, Kobe, Halifax, and then to Vancouver. Wilbour, Isaac, a Representative from Rhode Island ; born in Little Compton, R. I., May 10, 1763 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law and was admitted to the bar ; elected to the Tenth Congress (March 4, 1807-March 3, 1809) ; defeated for the Eleventh and Thirteenth Con- gresses; acting governor of Rhode Island in 1806; received in 1807 a commission from Gov- ernor Fenner. appointing him as his successor to the United States Senate for the remainder of the term expiring March 3, 1811, which he declined ; associate justice of the supreme court of Rhode Island in 1818; chief justice 1819- 1827; died in Little Compton, R. I., September 29, 1837. Wilcox, Jeduthan, a Representative from New Hampshire; born in Middletown, Conn., November 18, 1768 ; moved to New Hampshire ; elected as a Federalist to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4, 1813 March 3, 1817) ; died in Orford, N. H., July 18, 1838. 1110 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Wilcox, John A., a Representative from Miss- issippi; born in North Carolina April 18, 1819; moved to Tennessee, where he attended the com- mon schools; moved to Mississippi and located in Aberdeen ; secretary of the state senate ; served in the Mexican war as lieutenant, adju- tant, and lieutenant-colonel ; elected as a Union Whig to the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1853); defeated for reelection; moved to Texas in 1853; represented Texas in the Confederate congress; died in Richmond, Va., February 7, 1864. Wilcox, Leonard, a Senator from New Hemp- shire; born in Hanover, N. H., January 24, 1799; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1817 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1820, and began practice in Orford, N. H. ; state rep- resentative for seven terms ; judge of the supe- rior court 1838-1840 ; appointed as a Democrat to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Franklin Pierce ; subsequently elected, and served from March 1, 1842, to March 3, 1843; judge of the court of common pleas of New Hampshire 1847-1848; again appointed judge of the superior court June 26, 1848, and served until his death, in Orford, N. H., June 18, 1850. Wilcox, Robert William, a Delegate from Hawaii ; born in Honuaula, island of Maui, Feb- ruary 15, 1855 ; his father was a native of New- port, R. I., his mother a pure native of Honu- aula, island of Maui ; attended the common school called " Haleakala boarding school," Ma- kawao, island of Maui, and later pursued an academic course in the Royal military academy, Turin, Italy, 1881-1885, and became a sublieu- tenant of artillery ; entered the Royal applica- tion school for engineer and artillery officers in Turin in 1885, and recalled by the Hawaiian government in 1887 ; elected to the legislature as representative from Wailukua, island of Maui, in 1880 ; from Honolulu in 1890, and from Koolauloa, island of Oahu, in 1892; elected the first Delegate from Hawaii to the second session of the Fifty-sixth Congress and to the Fifty- seventh Congress, and served from December 15, 1900, to March 3, 1903; died in Honolulu, Hawaii, October 23, 1903. Wilcox, Washington F., a Representative from Connecticut ; born in Killingly, Conn. ; prepared for college at Hopkins grammar school, New Haven, and was graduated from the Yale law school in 1862; admitted to the bar the same year in Middlesex county, and began practice in Deep River, Conn. ; member of the state house of representatives 1862-1863; state senator 1875-1876 ; appointed state's attorney in 1875, and served eight years ; elected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second Con- gresses (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893) ; re- sumed the practice of law in Chester, Conn. ; state railroad commissioner 1897-1901. Wilde, Richard Henry, a Representative from Georgia ; born in Dublin, Ireland, September 24, 1789, came with his parents to America in 1797 and located in Baltimore, Md. ; received ia limited schooling; moved to Augusta, Ga., in 1803; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1809 ; attorney general of Georgia ; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4. 1815-March 3, 1817) ; reelected to the Eight- eenth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas W. Cobb, and served from February 7. 1825, to March 3, 1825; defeated for the Nineteenth Congress ; elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1835) ; de- feated for the Twenty-fourth Congress ; moved to New Orleans in 1843 to act as professor of law in the university of Louisiana ; died in New Orleans, La., September 10, 1847. Wilder, A. Carter, a Representative from Kansas ; born in Mendon, Mass., March 18, 1828 ; completed preparatory studies ; moved to Leaven- worth, Kans., in 1857 and became a merchant ; delegate in the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1860 ; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863- March 3, 1865) ; delegate to the Republican na- tional convention in Baltimore in 1864; died in San Francisco, Cal., December 23, 1875. Wildman, Zalmon, a Representative from Connecticut; born in Danbury, Conn., January 16, 1775 ; completed preparatory studies ; held several local offices ; member of the state legis- lature 1818-1819 ; postmaster of Danbury, Conn., from April 9, 1808, to May 26, 1835 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1835, until his death in Washington, D. C., December 10, 1835. Wildrick, Isaac, a Representative from New Jersey ; native of New Jersey ; received a limited schooling; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty- first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853). Wiley, Ariosto Appling, a Representative from Alabama ; born in Clayton, Barbour county, Ala., November 6, 1848; went with par- ents to Pike county ; was graduated from Emory and Henry college, Virginia, in June, 1871, and from the law department in October, 1872 ; lo- cated in the city of Montgomery, Ala., and en- gaged in the practice of law ; elected to the state house of representatives in 1882, and served in both houses of the general assembly, alternat- ing between them, until 1898; on June 9, 1898, President McKinley appointed him lieutenant- colonel of the fifth regiment United States vol- unteer infantry ; served eleven months in Cuba ; legal adviser and chief of staff of Gen. Henry W. Lawton in Santiago, and assisted Gen. Leon- ard Wood in the establishment of civil govern- ment in the eastern province: elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty- ninth, and Sixtieth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1901. until his death, in Washington, D. C., June 17, 1908. Wiley, James S., a Representative from Maine ; born in the town of Mercer, Me., Jami- ary 22, 1808; moved to Bethel, Me., in 1826: attended Gould's academy, and was graduated from Colby college in 1836; moved to Dover. Me., and was an instructor in Foxcroft acad- emy; studied law. was admitted to the Pisca- taquis county bar, and practiced in Dover; elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847-March 3, 1849) ; died in Frye- burg, Me., in 1891. Wiley, John McClure, a Representative from New York ; born in Ireland, August 11, 1846 : emigrated to America with his parents in 1850. and settled in Erie couuty, N. Y. ; attended the BIOGRAPHIES. 1111 common schools ; engaged in mercantile pur- suits and real estate business in Golden, N. Y. ; member of the legislature 1871-1872 ; delegate to several national Democratic conventions ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first Con- gress (March 4, 1889-March 3, 1891) ; appointed by President Ceveland consul to France; resides in Jacksonville, Fla., during the winters and in Colden, N. Y., during the summer months. Wiley, Oliver Cicero, a Representative from Alabama; born in Troy, Ala., January 30, 1851; attended common schools; member of the town council for five years; was two years chairman of the Democratic executive committee of Pike county ; four years a member of the Democratic state executive committee; alternate delegate in the Democratic national conventions in St. Louis in 1888, and in Chicago in 1892; president of the Alabama Midland railway during its con- struction 1887-1892; president of the board of directors of the state normal college, Troy, Ala. ; director of the farmers and merchants' national bank, Troy, Ala. ; vice-president and general manager of the Standard chemical and oil com- pany, Troy, Ala. ; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of his brother, Ariosto Appling Wiley, and served from December 7, 1908, to March 3, 1909. Wiley, William Halsted, a Representative from New Jersey ; born in New York City, July 10, 1842 ; was graduated from the college of the city of New York in 1861 ; entered the Union army as a member of the New York volunteers, and was mustered out in 1864 by the consolida- tion of his regiment ; was graduated from the Rensselaer polytechnic institute, Troy, N. Y., in 1866 ; received the degree of civil engineer ; followed the profession for several years, and then took a special course in mining in the Columbia college school of mines ; superintend- ent of a mine for several years ; member of the township committee of East Orange, N. J., three years, and president one year; president of one of the juries in the international exposition in Brussels in 1897 ; member of the superior jury ; received the decoration of the Order of Leopold from the King; was appointed by the governor of New Jersey a member of the commission for the Louisiana purchase exposition ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907) ; re- elected to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911) ; a publisher in New York City, with residence in East Orange, N. J. Wilkin, James Whitney, a Representative from New York ; born in Orange county, N. Y., in 1762 ; served in the Revolutionary war ; was graduated from Princeton college in 1785 ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Goshen, N. Y. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1800 ; be- came a major-general of artillery in the New York state service; a state senator 1801-1804; member of the state assembly 1808-1809, and speaker 1809; again senator 1811-1814; elected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1819) ; county clerk of Orange county 1819-1821; county treasurer several years ; died in Goshen, N. Y., February 23, 1845. Wilkin, Samuel Jones, a Representative from New York ; born in Goshen, Orange county, N. Y., December 17, 1793; was graduated from Princeton college in 1812; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar October 4, 1815, and began practice in Goshen; state representative 1824- 1825 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- second Congress (March 4, 1831-March 3, 1833) ; defeated as the Whig candidate for lieutenant- governor in 1844; state senator in 1847; canal appraiser; died in Goshen, N. Y., March 11, 1866. Wilkins, Beriah, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Union county, Ohio, July 10, 1846; at- tended the common schools of Marysville, Ohio ; engaged in banking in Uhrichsville, Ohio; elect- ed in 1879 to represent the eighteenth sen- atorial district in the Ohio senate; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1889); located in Washington, D. C. ; became owner and publisher of the Washington Post; died in Washington, D. C., June 7, 1905. Wilkins, William, a Senator and a Repre- sentative from Pennsylvania ; born in Carlisle, Pa., December 20, 1779 ; attended Dickinson col- lege; studied law, was admitted to the bar De- cember 28, 1801, and established himself in practice in Pittsburgh, Pa. ; assisted in organ- izing the Pittsburgh Manufacturing Company in 1810, and was first president of the bank of Pittsburgh ; president of the common council 1816-1819 ; member of the state legislature 1820 ; resigned December 18, 1820; president judge of the fifth judicial district of Pennsylvania 1821- 1824; judge of the United States district court for western Pennsylvania 1824-1831 ; defeated as a candidate for the Twentieth Congress in 1826; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1831, to June 30, 1834, when he resigned ; appointed United States min- ister to Russia from June, 1834, to December, 1835 ; received the electoral vote of Pennsyl- vania for vice-president in 1833; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress, and served from March 4, 1843, to February 14, 1844, when he resigned ; appointed Secretary of War by President Tyler, February 15, 1844; entered upon duties February 20, 1844, and served until March 6, 1845; state senator 1855- 1857 ; major-general, Pennsylvania home guard, 1862; died in Homewood, Allegheny county, Pa., June 23, 1865. Wilkinson, Morton Smith, a Representative and Senator from Minnesota ; born in Skaneat- eles, Onondaga county, N. Y., January 22, 1819 ; attended an academy and completed preparatory studies ; moved to Illinois in 1837 and was em- ployed in railroad work two years; returned to Skaueateles and studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1842 in Syracuse, N. Y., and began practice in Eaton Rapids, Mich., in 1843 ; moved to Stillwater, Minn., in 1847, and elected to the first legislature of Minnesota Territory in 1849 ; appointed one of the board of commissioners to prepare a code of laws for the territory, which was adopted; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1859, to March 3, 1865 ; defeated for reelection ; elected as a Republican to the Forty -first Con- gress (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1871) ; state sen- ator 1874-1878; died in Wells, Minn., February 4, 1894. 1112 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. Wilkinson, Theodore Stark, a Representative from Louisiana ; born in Plaquemines parish, La.. December 18, 1847; attended the common schools and Washington college, Lexington, Va., for two years; engaged in sugar planting in 1870; member of the school board of Plaque- mines parish ; member and president of the board of leveee commissioners for the third levee dis- trict; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891). Willard, Charles Wesley, a Representative from Vermont; born in Lyndon, Vt., June 18, 1827 ; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1851 ; studied law, and in 1853 began practice in Montpelier ; secretary of state of Vermont 1855-1856; declined a reelection; state senator 1860-1861; editor and publisher of the Mont- pelier Freeman ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Con- gresses (March 4, 1869-March 3, 1875) ; died in Montpelier, Vt, June 7, 1880. Williard, George, a Representative from Michigan; born in Bolton, Vt., March 20, 1824; pursued classical studies ; professor for two years in Kalamazoo college; engaged in news- paper work in Battle Creek, Mich. ; member of the Michigan state board of education 1857- 1863 ; regent of Michigan university for ten years; elected to the state legislature in 1866; member of the constitutional convention of 1867 ; delegate in the national Republican convention of 1872; elected as a Republican to the Forty- third and Forty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877) ; resumed newspaper work in Battle Creek, Mich. ; editor and owner of the Battle Creek Journal until his death in Battle Creek, Mich., March 26, 1901. Willett, William, jr., a Representative from New York ; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., November 27, 1869; attended the public schools of Brook- lyn and was graduated from the university of the City of New York, degree of LL. B. in 1896 ; engaged in the practice of law; elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1907-March 3, 1911) ; resumed the practice of law in New York City. Willey, Calvin, a Senator from Connecticut; born in East Haddam, Conn., September 11, 1776 ; received a limited schooling ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1798, and began practice in Stafford ; state representative for nine years and a state sentator two years ; post- master of Stafford Springs, Conn., 1806-1808; and of Tolland, Conn., 1812-1816 ; probate judge for the Stafford district seven years ; elector on the John Quincy Adams ticket in 1824 ; elected to the United States Senate, and served from May 4, 1825, to March 3, 1831; died in Stafford, Conn., August 23, 1858. Willey, Waitman Thomas, a Senator from Virgina and from West Virginia ; born in Mo- nongalia county, W. Va., October 18, 1811 ; was graduated from Madison college, Pennsylvania, in 1831 ; studied law and admitted to the bar in 1833 ; held several local offices ; delegate in the Virginia constitutional convention of 1850- 1851 ; elected to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the voluntary retirement of James M. Mason, and served from July 9, 1861, to March 3, 1863 ; delegate in the state constitu- tional convention of the state of West Virginia ; elected to the United States Senate from West Virginia in 1863, and reelected ; served from August 4, 1863, to March 3, 1871; died in Mor- gantown, W. Va., May 2, 1900. Williams, Abram Pease, a Senator from Cali- fornia ; born in New Portland, Somerset county, Me., February 3, 1832 ; attended the common school sand completed an academic course ; taught school ; moved to Fairfield, Somerset county, Me., and engaged in mercantile pursuits ; ' moved to California in 1858 and engaged in mining in Tuolumne county ; resumed mercantile business in 1859 ; moved to San Francisco in 1861 and be- came an importer, stock raiser, and farmer ; one of the founders of the San Francisco board of trade and its first president ; member of the San Francisco chamber of commerce; chairman of the finance committee and treasurer of the Re- publican state committee in 1880, and chairman of the committee in 1884 ; elected to the United States senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of John F. Miller, and served from August 4, 1886, to March 3, 1887; died in San Francisco, Cal., October 17, 1911; interment in Fairfield, Me. Williams, Alpheus Starkey, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Saybrook, Conn., Sep- tember 20, 1810; was graduated from Yale in 1831 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Detroit, Mich. ; judge of pro- bate 1840-1844 ; editor of the Detroit Daily Ad- vertiser 1843-1847 ; appointed postmaster of De- troit in 1849 ; served in the war with Mexico ; lieutenant-colonel of the first Michigan infantry December 8, 1847; mustered out July 29, 1848; served in the civil war ; brigadier-general of Michigan volunteers April 24, 1861 ; of United States ^ olunteers May 17, 1861 ; brevet major- general of volunteers January 12, 1865, " for marked ability and energy ; " mustered out Janu- ary 15, 1866; minister resident at San Salvador 1866-1869; elected as a Democrat to the Forty- fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses, and served from March 4, 1875 until his death in Wash- ington, D. C., December 20, 1878. Williams, Andrew, a Representative from New York ; born in Ormstown, Canada, August 27, 1828; received a limited schooling; came to the United States in October, 1848, and became a manufacturer in Plattsburg, N. Y., in 1855; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, lS75-March 3, 1879) ; died in Plattsburg, N. Y., October 6, 1907. Williams, Archibald Hunter Arlington, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Franklin county, N. C., October 22, 1842; at- tended the common schools and Emory and Henry college, Virginia ; enlisted as a private in the Confederate army in 1861; served four years in the Army of Northern Virginia, and at the surrender at Appomattox was captain of his company; severely wounded at Gettysburg; after the war engaged in farming and in retail trade in Oxford, N. C. ; twice represented Gran- ville county in the legislature ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893) ; died in Chase City, Va., September 5, 1895. BIOGKAPHIES. 1113 Williams, Benjamin, a Representative from North Carolina; born in North Carolina in 1754 ; pursued classical studies; served in the Revolu- tionary army as captain and promoted to col- onel for gallantry at Guilford, March 15, 1781 ; for a number of years a member of the state house of representatives; elected to the Third Congress (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1795) ; gov- ernor of North Carolina 1799-1802 and 1807- 1808; member of the state senate 1808-1809; died in Moore county, N. C., July 20, 1814. Williams, Charles Grandison, a Representa- tive from Wisconsin ; born in Royalton, N. Y., October 18, 1829 ; pursued an academic course and studied law in Rochester, N. Y. ; moved to Wisconsin in 1850, and entered upon the prac- tice of law in Janesville ; presidential elector in 1868 ; elected to the state senate the same year and reelected in 1870 ; twice chosen president pro tempore ef the body ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-third, and to the four suc- ceeding Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1883) ; resumed the practice of law after leav- ing Congress; died in Watertown, S. Dak., March 30, 1892 ; interment in Janesville, Wis. Williams, Christopher Harris, a Representa- tive from Tennessee; born in North Carolina December 18, 1798 ; completed preparatory studies; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843) ; reelected to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1853) ; died in Lexing- ton, Tenn., November 27, 1857. Williams, David Rogerson, a Representa- tive from South Carolina ; born in Robbing Neck, S. C., March 10, 1776; was graduated from Brown university in 1797 ; studied law. was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; elected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1809) ; reelected to the Twelfth Congress (March 4, 1811-March 3, 1813) ; briga- dier general in the United States army July 9, 1813, to April 6, 1814; governor of South Caro- line 1814-1816; died in Lynchs Creek, S. C., November 15, 1830. Williams, Elihu Stephens, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Bethel township, Clark county, Ohio, January 24, 1835 ; attended the common schools and Antioch college two years; read law in Dayton; enlisted as a private in the seventy-first Ohio volunteer infantry in October, 1861 ; commissioned first lieutenant February 14, 1862 ; promoted to captain Febru- ary 10, 1863; detailed to the command of the military post at Carthage, Tenn., September, 1863, and remained there till the close of the war; attorney general of the sixth judicial dis- trict of Tennessee from April, 1865, to 1867; elected to the Tennessee house of representa- tives in 1867, and served one term ; removed to Troy, Ohio, in January, 1875 ; elected as a Re- publican to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Con- gresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891) ; died in Troy, Ohio, December 1, 1903. Williams, George Fred., a Representative from Massachusetts ; born in Dedham, Norfolk county, Mass., July 10, 1852 ; was graduated from the Dedham high school in 1868 and from Dartmouth in 1872 : studied at the universities of Heidelberg and Berlin ; admitted to the bar in October, 1875 ; edited Williams's Citations of Massachusetts Cases in 1878, and volumes 10 to 17 of the Annual Digest of the United States 1880-1887; elected to the state legislature in 1889 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891-March 3, 1893) ; re- sumed the practice of law in Dedham, Mass. Williams, George Henry, a Senator from Oregon ; born in New Lebanon, N. Y., March 23, 1823 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law and was admitted to the bar; moved to Iowa, where he began practice; judge of the first judicial district of Iowa 1847-1852; presi- dential elector in 1852 ; chief justice of the terri- tory of Oregon in 1853 and again in 1857; re- signed in the latter year ; member of the con- stitutional convention of Oregon in 1858 ; elected as a Union Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871 ; Attorney General of the United States from January 10, 1872, to May 15, 1875; nomi- nated by President Grant Chief Justice of the Supreme Court o the United States, but the name was withdrawn ; mayor of Portland, Oreg.. 1902-1905; died in Portland, Oreg., April 4, 1910. Williams, Henry, a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Taunton, Mass., Novem- ber 30, 1805 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Taunton ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1839- March 3, 1841); defeated for reelection; re- elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1845) ; state senator two years, and served in the state house of representatives three years ; died in Taunton, Mass., May 8. 1887. Williams, Hezekiah, a Representative from Maine; born in Woodstock, Vt., July 28, 1798; was graduated from Dartmouth college in 1820 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Castine ; register of probate for Hancock county 1824-1838; state senator 1839- 1841 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849) ; died in Castine, Me., October 24, 1856. Williams, Isaac, a Representative from New York ; born in Otsego county, N. Y., April 5, 1777; received a limited schooling; elected to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1815) ; reelected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819) ; again elected to the Eighteenth Congress (March 4, 1823-March 3, 1825) ; died in Cooperstown, N. Y., November 9, 1860. Williams, James, a Representative from Dela- ware ; born in Philadelphia, Pa., August 4, 1825 ; completed preparatory studies; moved to Dela- ware in 1844 and became a farmer; state legis- lator in 1856 and 1862; state senator in 1866 and 1871 ; member of the national Democratic con- vention in Baltimore in 1872; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; died in Smyrna, Del., April 12, 1899. Williams, James Douglas, a Representative from Indiana ; born in Pickaway county, Ohio, January 16, 1808: moved to Indiana and located in Knox county in 1818; engaged in farming; 1114 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. state representative in 1843, 1847, 1851, 1856, and 1868; state senator 1858, 1862, and 1870; dele- gate to the national Democratic convention in Baltimore in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1875, to December 1, 1876, when he re- signed ; governor of Indiana 1879-1880 ; died in Indianapolis, Ind., November 20, 1880. Williams, James R., a Representative from Illinois ; born in White county, 111., December 27, 1850; was graduated from the Indiana state university, Bloomington, in 1875, and from the Union college of law, Chicago, in 1876 ; engaged in practice in Carmi, 111. ; master in chancery 1880-1882; county judge of White county 1882- 1886 ; nominee for elector on the Cleveland and Thurman ticket; elected to the Fifty-first Con- gress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Richard W. Townshend; reelected as a Demo- crat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- gresses, and served from December 2, 1889, to March 3, 1895; reelected to the Fifty-sixth. Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1905). Williams, James W., a Representative from Maryland ; born in Maryland in 1787 ; completed preparatory studies; speaker of the state house of representatives in 1830, and served several years as a member ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-seventh Congress, and served from March 4, 1841, until his death in Churchville, Md., December 2, 1842. Williams, Jared, a Representative from Vir- ginia ; born in Montgomery county, Md., March 4, 1766 ; pursued classical studies ; became a farmer ; member of the state house of " repre- sentatives in 1811 and 1817; elected as a Jack- son Democrat to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses (March 4, 1819-March 3, 1825) ; presidential elector on the Jackson and Calhoun ticket in 1829; died near Newton, Va., January 2, 1831. Williams, Jared Warner, a Representative and a Senator from New Hampshire; born in West Woodstock, Conn., December 22, 1796; was graduated from Brown university in 1818; studied law in the Litchfield law school, was ad- mitted to the bar, and in 1822 began practice in Lancaster, N. H. ; member of the state house of representatives in 1830, 1831, 1835, and 1836, and of the state senate 1832, 1833, and 1834; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4. 1837-March 3, 1841) ; governor of New Hampshire 1847- 1849 ; appointed to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Charles G. Atherton, and served from November 29, 1853, to July 30, 1855; died in Lancaster, N. H., Septem- ber 29, 1864. Williams, Jeremiah Norman, a Representa- tive from Alabama ; born in Barbour county, Ala., May 18, 1829; was graduated from the University of South Carolina ; studied law in Tuskegee. Ala., was admitted to the bar, and practiced; served in the Confederate army: elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; member of the state constitutional con- vention of 1901; engaged in the practice of law in Clayton, Ala. Williams, John, a Representative from New York; bom in Utica. N. Y., January 7, 1807; spent his youth and completed preparatory studies in Sacketts Harbor, N. Y. ; moved to Rochester, N. Y., and continued in mercantile pursuits and the manufacture of flour, 1823- 1854 ; alderman in 1844 ; mayor in 1853 ; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1857) ; reengaged in milling 1858-1870; major-general of militia; excise commissioner and manager of house of refuge in 1870; city treasurer 1871-1875; died in Rochester, N. Y., March 27, 1875. Williams, John, a Delegate from North Caro- lina ; born in Hanover county, Va., March 14, 1731 ; removed with parents to North Carolina in 1745, settled in Granville county and donated and laid out the town of Williamsboro ; studied law, was admitted to the bar. and practiced ; deputy attorney-general in 1768; delegate in the provincial congress of 1775 ; member of the North Carolina house of commons 1777-1 7,78, and its speaker ; delegate in the Continental Con- gress 1778-1779; judge of the supreme court of North Carolina from 1779, until his death in Montpelier, near Williamsboro, N. C., October 10, 1799. Williams, John, a Senator from Tennessee; born in Surry county, N. C., January 29, 1778; completed preparatory studies; captain in the sixth United States infantry April, 1799-June, 1800; studied law in Salisbury, N. C.. was ad- mitted to the bar of Knox county, Tenn., in 1803, and began practice in Knoxville, Tenn.; captain of regular troops in the war of 1812, and was colonel of a regiment of East Tennessee mounted volunteers in the expedition against the Seminoles in Florida, 1812-1813; colonel of the thirty-ninth United States infantry, June 18, 1813, and subsequently served under General Jackson in the expedition against the Creek Indians in Alabama ; participated in the decisive battle of Horse-Shoe Bend, March 27, 1813; elected to the United States Senate to fill va- cancy caused by the resignation of George W. Campbell ; was subsequently appointed to fill vacancy in the regular term caused during a recess of the legislature; was then elected, and served from October 10, 1815, to March 3, 1823 ; defeated for reelection by Andrew Jackson ; charge d'affaires to the Central American Feder- ation December 29, 1825-December 1, 1826; member of the state senate of Tennessee; de- clined appointment as justice of the state su- preme court ; died near Knoxville, Tenn., August 10, 1837. Williams, John, a Representative from New York ; native of Washington county, N. Y. ; colonel in the Revolutionary army ; member of the state senate in 1777, but expelled for mis- conduct; again a member of the state senate 1782-1793; elected to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses (March 4, 1795-March 3, 1799). Williams, John McKeown Snow, a Repre- sentative from Massachusetts ; born in Rich- mond, Va., August 14, 1818 ; educated in Boston ; merchant ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives 1856 and the state senate 1858 ; presi- dential elector in 1868; elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873- March 3, 1875); defeated for reelection; died in Cambridge. Mass.. March 19, 1886. BIOGRAPHIES. 1115 Williams, John Stuart, a Senator from Ken- tucky ; born iu Montgomery county, Ky., in 1820; was graduated from Miami university, Oxford, Ohio, in 1839; studied law, was admit- ted to the bar, and practiced in Paris, Ky. ; served in the Mexican war, first as captain of an independent company attached to the sixth infantry, United States army, and afterwards as colonel of the fourth regiment of Kentucky volunteers; delegate in Whig national conven- tions and a Whig presidential elector ; elected to the Kentucky legislature in 1851-1852, and again in 1873-1874; entered the Confederate army as colonel in 1861 ; made brigadier-general in April, 1862, and surrendered with the army of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston in Georgia ; engaged in farming, with residence in Paris, Ky. ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1879, to March 3, 1885; died in Paris, Ky., July 17, 1898. Williams, John Sharp, a Representative and a Senator from Mississippi ; born in Memphis, Tenn., July 30, 1854; after the death of his parents moved to the family homestead of his mother in Yazoo county. Miss. ; attended private schools, the Kentucky military institute, near Frankfort, Ky., the university of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., the university of Virginia, and the university of Heidelberg, in Baden, Ger- many ; subsequently studied law at the univer- sity of Virginia and in Memphis, Tenn.; was licensed to practice in Shelby county, Tenn., in 1877; moved in December, 1878, to Yazoo City, Miss., where he engaged in the practice of law and the pursuits of a cotton planter; delegate in the Chicago Democratic convention of 1892; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-third, and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1893-March 3, 1909) ; elected to the United States Senate for the term expiring March 4, 1917. Williams, Jonathan, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Boston, Mass., May 26, 1750 ; completed preparatory studies and entered a bank in Boston ; went to France and was Ben- jamin Franklin's secretary 1770-1775 ; studied military science; returned to the United States in 1785 and located in Philadelphia ; judge of the court of common pleas ; entered the United States army ; major of the second regiment of artillerists and engineer February 16, 1801; inspector of fortifications December 14, 1801- June 1, 1802; commanded the post at West Point, N. Y., and was first superintendent of the United States military academy in 1802; retained as major of engineers April 1, 1802; lieutenant-colonel and chief of engineers July 3, 1802; resigned June 20, 1803, on a question of rank; resumed the rank of lieutenant-general and chief engineer at President Jefferson's re- quest April 19, 1805 ; colonel February 23, 1808 ; planned and built the inner forts for the de fense of New York harbor; resigned July 31, 1812; returned to Philadelphia, Pa.; elected to the Fourteenth Congress, and served from March 4, 1815, until his death, before the assembling of the Congress, in Philadelphia, Pa., May 16, 1815. Williams, Joseph Lanier, a Representative from Tennessee; born in Knoxville. Tenn., Octo- ber 23, 1807; completed preparatory studies; at- tended East Tennessee university and West Point ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Kuoxville, Tenu. ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty- seventh Congresses (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1843) ; died in Knoxville, Tenn., December 14, 1865. Williams, Lemuel, a Representative from Massachusetts; native of Massachusetts; born June 18, 1747 ; was graduated from Harvard col- lege in 1765; elected to the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses (March 4, 1799-March 3, 1805) ; died in New Bedford, Mass., November 8, 1828. Williams, Lewis, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Surry county, N. C., February 1, 1786; was graduated from the uni- versity of North Carolina in 1808; member of the house of commons 1813-1814 ; elected to the Fourteenth, and to the thirteen succeeding Con- gresses and served from March 4, 1815 until his death ; received the title of " Father of the House " ; died in Washington, D. C., February 23, 1842 ; interment in Panther Creek cemetery, Surry county, N. C. Williams, Marmaduke, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Caswell county, N. C., April 6, 1772; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the state senate 1802; elected to the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Con- gresses (March 4, 1803-March 3, 1809) ; moved to Huntsville, Madison county, Ala., in 1810, and to Tuscaloosa, Ala., in 1818; member of the constitutional convention in 1819; candidate for governor in 1819, and defeated; member of the state legislature for eleven terms from 1821- 1839: judge of the Tuscaloosa county court 1832-1842 ; died in Tuscaloosa, Ala., October 29, 1850. Williams, Morgan B., a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Rhandir-Mwyn, parish of Leanfair-ar-y-Bryn, Carmarthenshire, Wales, September 17, 1831 ; attended the public schools ; went to Australia in 1856 ; returned to Wales in August, 1861, and in March, 1862, came to the United States and located in Scranton, Pa.; moved to Wilkes-Barre, Pa., in September, 1865; appointed superintendent for the Lehigh and Wilkesbarre coal company, which position he held for fourteen years; member of the school board and of the city council for twelve years: alternate delegate to the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1884; elected to the state senate in 1884; member of the World's fair commission ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899). Williams, Nathan, a Representative from New York ; a native of Oneida county, N. Y. ; completed preparatory studies; held several local offices in Oneida county ; elected to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805-March 3, 1807) ; member of the state house of representatives in 1818. Williams, Reuel, a Senator from Maine; born in Hallowell. Me., June 2, 1783 ; completed preparatory studies in Hallowell academy; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar in 1802, and be- gan practice in Augusta, Me. ; member of the state house of representatives 1822-1826, and of the senate 1827-1828, and again of the house 1829- 1116 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 3832; commissioner of public buildings 1331; presidential elector on the Van Buren-Johnson ticket in 1836 ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Ether Shepley, and served from February 22, 1837, until February 15, 1843, when he resigned ; manager of a railroad for twelve years; died in Augusta, Me., July 25, 1862. Williams, Richard, a Representative from Oregon ; born in Findlay, Ohio, November 15, 1836; moved to Oregon in 1851; completed pre- paratory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1858, and began practice in Portland ; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth Con- gress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1879). Williams, Robert, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Prince Edward county, Va., in 1768; moved with parents to Surry county, N. C. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in what is now Rocking- ham county ; member of the state senate 1792- 1795; elected to the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses (March 4, 1797-March 3, 1803) ; member of a commission to ascertain the rights of persons claiming lands in Mississippi Terri- tory west of the Pearl river; governor of Mis- sissippi Territory March, 1805-March 7, 1809; subsequently resided in Mississippi and North Carolina, and practiced law and engaged in planting ; located in Ouachita, La., where he died January 25, 1836; interment upon his plantation near Monroe, La. Williams, Sherrod, a Representative from Kentucky; native of Kentucky; completed pre- paratory studies; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1855-March 3, 1841). Williams, Thomas, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Greensburg, Pa., August 28, 1806 ; was graduated from Dickinson col- lege in 1825; studied law, was admitted to the Pittsburgh bar in 1828 ; practiced in Greensburg 1828-1831; located in practice in Pittsburgh in 1832; served several years in both branches of the state legislature; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses (March 4, 1863-March 3, 1869) ; died in Allegheny City, Pa., June 6, 1872. Williams, Thomas, a Representative from Alabama ; born in Greenville county, Va., August 11, 1825; moved to Wetumpka, Ala., in 1835; received a limited schooling, and engaged in planting; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced ; member of the legislature in 1878 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1885) ; died in We- tumpka, Ala., April 13, 1903. Williams, Thomas H., a Senator from Missis- sippi ; born in Virginia about 1795 ; moved to Mississippi and located in Pontotoc ; served in the state legislature; appointed and afterwards elected as a Democrat to the United States Sen- ate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of James F. Trotter, and served from November 12, 1838, to March 3, 1839. Williams, Thomas Hill, a Senator from Mis- sissippi; born in North Carolina about 1730; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted the bar, and practiced ; register of the land office for the Territory of Mississippi in 1805 ; collector of customs at New Orleans ; dele- gate to the state constitutional convention ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Sen- ate; was reelected, and served from October 9, 1817, to March 3, 1829 ; moved to Tennessee, where he died, in Robertson county, about 1840. Williams, Thomas Scott, a Representative from Connecticut ; born in Wethersfield, Conn., June 26, 1777; was graduated from Yale col- lege in 1794 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1799, and began practice in Mansfield, Conn. ; moved to Hartford in 1803 ; served sev- eral terms in the state general assembly; elected to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819) ; appointed in 1829 an associate judge of the supreme court of errors and of the su- perior court, and in May, 1834, appointed chief justice, holding the position until 1784 ; mayor of Hartford 1831-1835; died in Hartford, Conn., December 15, 1861. Williams, Thomas Wheeler, a Representa- tive from Connecticut ; born in Stoniugton, Conn., September 28, 1789 ; completed prepara- tory studies ; moved to New London, Conn., and engaged in business; elected to the Twenty- sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843) ; presidential elector on the Taylor and Fillmore ticket in 1848; died in New London, Conn., December 31, 1874. Williams, William, a Delegate from Connec- ticut; born in Lebanon, Conn., April 28, 1731; was graduated from Harvard university in 1751 ; studied theology; went upon a military expedi- tion to Lake George in 1755: was town clerk of Lebanon for forty-five years ; a representative in the state assembly for more than fifty years, and speaker several sessions; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1776-1778 and 1783-1784; a signer of the Declaration of Independence: member of the council of safety during the Revolution ; became an assistant councilor in 1780, and served as assistant and as councilor for twenty-four years; judge of the county court of Windhani, and judge of probate for the Windham district for forty years; member of the Connecticut convention in 1787 that ratified the Constitution of the United States; died in Lebanon, Conn., August 2, 1811. Williams, William, a Representative from Indiana ; born in Carlisle, Pa., May 11, 1821 ; completed preparatory studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in War- saw, Ind. ; treasurer of Kosciusko county in 1850 ; director of the Michigan City state prison in 1850 ; served in the Union army ; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty- second, and Forty-third Congresses (March 4, 1867-March3, 1875). Williams, William, a Representative from New York ; born in Bolton, Conn., September 6, 1815 ; received a limited schooling ; engaged in banking; railroad manager and president in Buffalo, N. Y. ; state representative 1866-1367; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Con- gress (March 4, 1871-March 3, 1873) ; defeated for reelection; died in Buffalo, N. Y., September 30, 1876. B10GKAPHIES. 1117 Williams, William Brewster, a Representa- tive from Michigan ; born in Pittsford. N. Y., July 28, 1826; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed; moved to Allegan, Mich., in 1855; elected judge of probate in 1856 and 1860; state sen- ator 1866 and 1868; member of the constitu- tional convention of 1867 ; elected as a Repub- lican to the Forty-third Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of Wilder D. Foster; re- elected to the Forty-fourth Congress and served from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1877; rail- road commissioner of Michigan 1877-1883; died in Allegan, Mich., March 4, 1905. Williams, William Elza, a Representative from Illinois; born in Detroit, 111., May 4, 1857; attended district schools and Illinois college, Jacksonville, 111. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1886, and practiced in Detroit and Pittsfield, 111. ; state attorney for the county of Pike in 1886-1892 ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899 -March 3, 1901) ; resumed the practice of law in Pitts- field, 111. Williamson, Hugh, a Delegate and a Rep- resentative from North Carolina ; born in West Nottingham, Pa., December 5, 1735 ; was gradu- ated from the university of Pennsylvania in 1757 ; studied theology and was licensed to preach in 1758, but on account of ill health re- signed in 1760; studied medicine in the uni- versity of Edinburgh, Scotland; returned to Philadelphia and practiced until 1773; located in Fxlenton, N. C. ; surgeon general of North Carolina troops 1779-1782; member of the house of commons of North Carolina in 1782; Delegate in the Continental Congress in 1782- 1785 and 1787-1788; delegate in the convention which framed the Federal Constitution in 1787 ; elected as a Federalist to the First and Second Congresses (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1793) ; moved to New York City and died there May 22, 1819. Willamson, John Newton, a Representative from Oregon ; born in Lane county, Oreg., No- vember 8, 1855; attended the Willamette uni- versity ; moved to the eastern part of the state, where he engaged in the stock business; sheriff of Crook county 1886-1888 ; twice elected to the lower house of the state legislature; member of the state senate in 1900 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1907) ; a resident of Prineville, Oreg., and engaged in stock raising. Williamson, William Durkee, a Representa- tive from Maine; born in Canterbury, Conn., July 31, 1779; moved with his father to Am- herst, Mass., in boyhood ; entered Williams col- lege, but was graduated from Brown university in 1804 ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Bangor, Me., in 1807 ; state attorney for Hancock county 1808-1815 ; postmaster of Bangor 1810-1821 ; state senator 1816-1820 ; member of the first senate of Maine under its constitution in 1820 ; acted as gover- nor ; elected as a Democrat to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823) ; judge of probate 1824-1840; bank commissioner 1838- 1841 ; died in Bangor, Me., May 27, 1846. Willie, Asa Hoxie, a Representative from Texas; born in Washington. Ga., October 11, 1829 ; pursued an academic course ; moved to Washington county, Tex., in 1846 ; studied law, and in 1848 was admitted to the bar ; elected district attorney of the third judicial district of Texas, 1852-1854 ; served in the Confederate army; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; elect- ed chief justice of the supreme court of Texas in November, 1882; died in Galveston, Tex., March 16, 1899. Willing, Thomas, a Delegate from Pennsyl- A-ania ; born in Philadelphia December 19, 1731 ; completed preparatory studies in Bath, England ; studied law in London, at the Temple ; returned home and engaged in mercantile pursuits until 1793 ; member of the common council in 1755 ; alderman in 1759; associate justice of the city court October 2, 1759; justice of the court of common pleas February 28, 1761 ; mayor of Philadelphia in 1763 ; associate justice of the supreme court of Pennsylvania 1767-1774 ; mem- ber of the committee of correspondence in 1774, and of the committee of safety in 1775 ; member of the Colonial house of representatives ; Dele- gate in the Continental Congress 1775-1776 ; president of the Bank of North America ; died in Philadelphia, Pa., January 19, 1821. Willis, Albert Shelby, a Representative from Kentucky; born in Shelby county, Ky., January 22, 1843 ; attended the common schools and was graduated from the Louisville male high school in 1860 ; taught school for four years ; studied law and was graduated from the Louisville law school in 1866, and practiced in Louisville ; Dem- ocratic elector in 1872; attorney for Jefferson county in 1874; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fifth and to the four succeeding Con- gresses (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1887) ; ap- pointed Minister to Hawaii by President Cleve- land, and died in Honolulu, Hawaii, January 6, 1897. Willis, Benjamin A., a Representative from New York; born in Roslyn, N. Y., March 24, 1840; was graduated from Union college in 1861; studied law and in 1861 was admitted to the bar ; entered the Union army ; captain and subsequently colonel of the twelfth regiment of New York state volunteers; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Con- gresses (March 4. 1875-March 3, 1879) ; died in New York City October 15, 1886. Willis, Francis, a Representative from Geor- gia ; born in Frederick county, Va., January 5, 3725; completed preparatory studies ; elected to the Second Congress (March 4, 1791-March 3, 1793) ; moved to Maury county, Tenn., where he died January 25. 1829. Willis, Jonathan Spencer, a Representative from Delaware; born in Oxford, Talbot county, Md., April 5, 1830 ; attended the district schools and studied under private tutors; taught school seven years, and then entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church ; served charges in Maryland, Delaware, Philadelphia, New York City, and Stamford, Conn. ; retired from the ministry in 1884 and settled on a farm near Mil- ford, Del., and engaged in fruit growing; de- feated as the Republican candidate for the Fifty- 1118 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. tbird Congress; elected as a Republican to tbe Fifty-fourth Congress bert, a Senator and a Representa- tive from Maryland; born in Marlborough, Queen Amies county, Md., November 20, 1752; attended the common schools; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Ches- tertown, Md. ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from November 19, 1801, to 1806, when he resigned; governor 1806-1809 ; elected to the Eleventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of John Brown; reelected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, and served from De- cember 3, 1810, to March 3, 1817; reelected to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821-March 3, 1823) ; district judge of Kent county; died in " Blak.esford," Queen Annes county, Md., Sep- tember 7, 1826. Wright, Samuel G., a Representative from New Jersey ; born in 1787 ; elected to the Twen- ty-ninth Congress, but died before the assem- bling of Congress, July 30, 1845. Wright, Silas, jr., a Representative and a Senator from New York; born in Amherst, Mass., May 24, 1795 ; moved with father to Wey- bridge. Vt.. in 1796; was graduated from Mid- dlebury academy in 1815; moved to Sandy Hill, Washington county, N. Y., in 1816; studied law, 1132 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. was admitted to the bar in January, 1819, and began practice in Canton, N. Y. ; surrogate of Rockland county from February 4, 1821, to Jan- uary 1, 1824; state senator 1824-1827; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth Congress and served from March 4, 1827 until February 16, 1829, when he resigned; successfully contested the election of George Fisher in the Twenty- first Congress, but refused to take his seat, pre- ferring to act as comptroller of the state of New York, 1829-1833; member of Democratic National convention of 1832; elected to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of William L. Marcy; reelected and served from January 4, 1833, to December 1, 1844, when he resigned to become governor of New York ; governor 1844-1846 ; defeated for reelection; died in Canton, N. Y., August 27, 1847. Wright, Turbett, a Delegate from Maryland ; gat in the Continental Congress 1781-1782. Wright, William, a Representative and a Senator from New Jersey ; born in Clarkstown, Eockland county, N. Y., November 13, 1789; at- tended the public schools; was a volunteer for the defense of Stonington, Conn., in the War of 1812; learned the saddler's trade and engaged in business in Bridgeport, Conn., in 1815 ; moved to Newark, N. J., in 1821; mayor of Newark 1840-1843 ; elected as a Henry Clay Whig to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1842-March 3, 1847) ; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1853, to March 3, 1859; again elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1863, until his death in Newark, N. J., November 1, 1866. Wurts, John, a Representative from Penn- sylvania ; born in Flanders, Morris county, N. J., August 13, 1792; was graduated from Princeton college in 1813 ; moved to Philadelphia, Pa. ; studied law and was admitted to the bar ; mem- ber of the state house of representatives in 1817 and state senator in 1820; elected to the Nineteenth Congress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827) ; United States district attorney; died iu Home, Italy, April 23, 1861. Wynkoop, Henry, a Delegate and a Repre- sentative from Pennsylvania ; born in North- ampton county, Pa., March 2, 1737; completed English and classical studies ; member of the Northampton committee of observation in 1774 ; deputy in the provincial conferences of July 15, 1774, and June 18, 1775; major of one of the associated battalions; member of the general committee of safety July, 1776, to July, 1777; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1779- 1783; justice of the court of common pleas and the orphans' court November 18, 1780- June 27, 1789; elected to the First Congress (March 4, 1789-March 3, 1791) ; appointed associate judge of Bucks county, and served until his death in Bucks county, Pa., March 25, 1816. Wynn, Richard, a Representative from South Carolina ; born in eastern Virginia about 1750 ; received a limited schooling; moved to Georgia; entered the Revolutionary army as lieutenant and attained the rank of major-general; elected to the Third and Fourth Congresses (March 4, 1793-March 3, 1797) ; reelected to the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses (March 4, 1801-March 3, 1813) ; died in Tennessee in 1813. Wynn, William Joseph, a Representative from California ; born in San Francisco, Cal., June 12, 1860; attended public schools of San Francisco ; practical machinist ; member of board of supervisors; elected as a Union-Labor and Democratic nominee to the Fifty-eighth Con- gress (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1905). Wynns, Thomas, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Hertford county, N. C., in 1764; in 1780 was captured at sea in a vessel called the Fair American and, with several other colonists, was carried to London ; returned to North Carolina, and located as a planter in Hertford county ; member of state convention for the ratification of the Federal constitution in 1788 ; state senator 1790-1802, and 1807-1817 ; elected to the Seventh Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Charles Johnson; re- elected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, and served from December 7, 1802, to March 3, 1807 ; resumed planting in Hertford county ; member of the executive council, and a brigadier gen- eral of militia; died in Hertford county, N. C., June 3, 1825. Wythe, George, a Delegate from Virginia; born in Elizabeth City county, Va., in 1726 ; pri- vately instructed and attended William and Mary college ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1757; member of the house of bur- gesses 1758-1775; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1775-1777 ; a signer of the Declara- tion of Independence; Speaker of the House of Delegates in 1777 ; judge of the chancery court of Virginia the same year, and was later chosen sole chancellor, and served for over twenty years ; professor of law in William and Mary college 1779-1789; member of the Federal con- stitutional convention in 1786; moved to Rich- mond, Va., in 1789, was twice a presidential elector, and emancipated his slaves; died from the effects of poison in Richmond, Va., June 8, 1806. Yancey, Bartlett, a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Caswell county, N. C., February 19, 1785 ; attended school in Caswell and afterwards taught in the same school and pursued classical studies under a private tutor ; was graduated from the University of North Carolina ; studied law in Chapel Hill, N. C., with Judge A. D. Murphy and was admitted to the bar ; elected to the Thirteenth and Four- teenth Congresses (March 4, 1813-March 3, 1817) ; declined a renomination ; member of the state senate and its presiding officer 1817-1827 ; declined the appointment of minister to Peru, tendered by President John Quincy Adams in 1826, and also declined an appointment to the supreme bench of North Carolina ; died in Cas- well county, N. C., August 30, 1828. Yancey, Joel, a Representative from Ken- tucky ; elected as a Democrat to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827- March 3, 1831). Yancey, William Lowndes, a Representative from Alabama ; born in Ogeechee Shoals, Ga., August 10, 1814 ; completed preparatory studies and attended Williams college, Mass. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began prac- BIOGEAPHIES. 1133 tice in Greenville, S. C. ; moved in 1837 to We- tunipka, Ala., where he engaged in newspaper work ; state representative 1841 and state sena- tor 1842 ; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty- eighth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Dixon H. Lewis; reeleSted to the Twenty-ninth Congress, and served from Decem- ber 2, 1844, to September 1, 1846, when he re- signed ; moved to Montgomery, Ala., and resumed the practice of law ; delegate in the national Dem- ocratic convention in Baltimore in 1848, in Cincin- nati in 1856, and Charleston in 1860; presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 1856 ; presi- dential elector in 1860 ; delegate in the state con vention of Alabama in 1861 ; served in the Con- federate congress; died on his plantation near Montgomery, Ala., July 28, 1863. Yaple, George L., a Representative from Michigan ; born in Leonidas, St. Joseph county, Mich., February 20, 1851 ; moved with his par- ents to Mendon, in the same county, in 1857 ; was graduated from the Northwestern university, Evanston, 111. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1872 ; engaged in farming and the prac- tice of law ; defeated as the Greenback candi- date for Congress in 1880 ; elected on a Union ticket to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885) ; resumed the pi-actice of law in Mendon, Mich. ; elected circuit judge. Yardley, Robert Morris, a Representative from Pennsylvania; born in Yardley, Bucks county, Pa., October 9, 1850; pursued an acad- emic course; studied law, was admitted to the bar in Doylestown in 1872, and practiced ; elected district attorney in 1879; delegate to the Republican national convention of 1884 ; elected as a Republican to the Fiftieth and Fifty- first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891) ; died in Doylestown, Pa., December 8, 1902. Yates, Abraham, a Delegate from New York ; born in Albany, N. Y., August 23, 1724 ; completed preparatory studies; delegate in the Provincial Congress 1775-1777, and served as president 1775-1776 ; member of the committee of safety, protection, and correspondence 1775 : state senator 1777, and 1779-1780; receiver of Albany 1778-1779: first postmaster of Albany in 1783; mayor of Albany 1790-1796; Delegate in the Continental Congress 3787-1788; died in Albany, N. Y., June 30, 1796. Yates, John Barentse, a Representative 1 from New York ; born in Schenectady, N. Y., February 1, 1784 ; completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Union college in 1802 ; studied law ; served in the War of 1812 under Gen. Wade Hampton on the northern frontier, and was later aide-de-camp to Governor Tompkins; elected as a Democrat to the Fourteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1815-March 3, 1817) ; aided materially in the construction of the Weiland canal: judge of Madison county for many years; representative in the state assembly in 1836 ; died in Chittenango, N. Y., July 11, 1836. Yates, Peter W., a Delegate from New York ; born in Albany, N. Y. ; sat in the Con- tinental Congress 1785-1787. Yates, Richard, a Representative and a Sen- ator from Illinois; born in Warsaw, Ky., Jan- uary 18, 1818; went with his father to Spring- field, 111., in 1831; was graduated from Illinois college, Jacksonville, 111., in 1838; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Spring- field, 111. ; member of the state legislature 1842, 1843, 1844, 1845, 1848, and 1849; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses (March 4, 1851-March 3, 1855) ; de- feated for reelection; governor of Illinois 1861- 1865; elected as a Union Republican to the United States Senate and seuved from March 4, 1865, to March 3, 1871; died in St. Louis, Mo., November 27, 1873. Yeaman, George Helm, a Representative from Kentucky ; born in Hardin county, Ky., November 1, 1829; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Owensboro, Ky., in 1852 ; judge of Davis county in 1854 ; member of the state house of representatives in 1861; elected as a Unionist to the Thirty-seventh Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of James S. Jackson; reelected to the Thirty-eighth Con- gress and served from December 1, 1862, to March 3, 1865; defeated for the Thirty-ninth Congress; minister to Denmark 1865-1870; died in New York City February 24, 1908. Yeates, Jesse J., a Representative from North Carolina ; born in Hertford county, N. C., May 29, 1829 ; pursued classical studies ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced; beld several local offices; elected a member of the house of commons of North Carolina in 1860 as a Whig; served in the Confederate army; solicitor of the first judicial circuit of North Carolina 1861-1866 ; member of the state consti- .tutional convention of 1871 ; elected to the Forty- fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879) ; successfully contested the election of Joseph J. Martin to the Forty-sixth Congress, and was seated January 29, 1881, and served until March 3, 1881. Yell, Archibald, a Representative from Ar- kansas; born in North Carolina in August, 1797 ; went to Tennessee in youth and settled in Bedford county ; took part in the Creek cam- paign; participated in the War of 1812, and served under General Jackson at the battle of New Orleans; was admitted to the bar of Ten- nessee and began practice in Fayettville, Lin- coln county, and continued until 1832 ; declined the governorship of the Territory of Florida ; appointed judge of the Territory of Arkansas by President Jackson in 1832 ; located in Fayette- ville, Ark., and served as judge until 1835; elected as a Van Buren Democrat to the Twenty- fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses (December 5, 1836-March 3, 1839) ; governor of Arkansas 1840-1844 ; resigned in 1844 ; reelected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, and served from March 4, 1845, until July 1, 1846, when he resigned to take part in the Mexican war ; commanded a regiment of Arkansas troops; killed in the battle of Buena Vista February 23, 1847. Yoakum, Charles H., a Representative from Texas; born in Lincoln county, Tex., in 1850; attended Larissa college, Cherokee county; studied law. was admitted to the bar, and prac- ticed in 1874 in Lincoln county, Tex. ; elected county attorney for Rains county in 1876 ; moved to Hunt county in 1883 and practiced law in Greenville; elected district attorney for the eighth judicial district in 1886 and 1888 ; elected to the state senate in 1892 for four years; 1134 CONGBESSIONAL DIEECTOEY. elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fourth Con- gress (March 4, 1895-March 3, 1897) ; returned to Texas and resumed the practice of law ; moved to Los Angeles, Cal., in 1900. Yocum, Sethi Hartman, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Columbia county, Pa., August 2, 1834; was graduated from Dickinson college. Carlisle, Pa., in I860 ; entered the Union army as a private, and promoted to first lieu- tenant ; studied law and was admitted to the Schuylkill county bar in 1866. and practiced in Center county; elected as a National and Re- publican to the Forty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1881) ; moved to Johnson City, Tenn., and engaged in the manufacture of leather; died in Santa Monica, Cal., March 29, 1896. Yoder, Samuel S., a Representative from Ohio ; born in Berlin, Holmes county, Ohio, August 16, 1841; attended the common schools and pursued an academic course; enlisted in the Union army, in the one hundred and twenty- eighth Ohio infantry, rose to the rank of lieu- tenant, and served till the end of the war; studied medicine and practiced ; elected mayor of Bluffton, Ohio ; moved to Lima, Ohio ; member of state Democratic executive committee ; elected judge of the probate court of Allen county, and served from February, 1882, till October, 1886, when he resigned ; elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1891) ; sergeant-at-arms of the of the national house of representatives during the Fifty-second Congress ; located in Washing- ton, D. C. York, Tyre, a Senator from North Carolina; oorn in Rockford, Surry county, N. C., May 4, 1836 ; attended the common schools ; studied medicine; student of the Charleston medical college of South Carolina ; commenced practice in Traphill, N. C. ; moved to Wilkes county in 1859; Union man, and served during the latter part of the war as surgeon of home guards, and at the close of the war in 1865 elected to the state legislature; served for eighteen years either in the house of representatives or state senate; elected as a Liberal Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885) ; resumed the practice of medicine in Traphill, N. C. Yorke, Thomas Jones, a Representative from New Jersey ; native of New Jersey ; attended the public schools; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1837-March 3, 1839) ; presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Twenty-sixth Congress, but was refused admission ; elected to the Twenty-seventh Con- gress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843). Yost, Jacob, a Representative from Virginia ; born in Staunton, Va., April 1, 1853; received a primary schooling; learned the trade of a printer ; followed civil engineering ; candidate for Republican elector in 1880; Republican nominee for Congress in 1884 ; elected mayor of the city of Staunton in May, 1886; elected as a Re- publican to the Fiftieth Congress (March 4, 1887-March 3, 1889) ; reelected to the Fifty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1899). Yost, Jacob Senewell, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Pottsgrove township, Montgomery county, Pa., July 29, 1801 ; publisher and editor of the Lafayette Aurora ; member of the state assembly 1836-1838; elected to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843-March 3, 1847) ; appointed United States marshal for the eastern district of Pennsylvania 1857-1861; died in Pottstown, Pa., March 7, 1872. Youmans, Henry Melville, a Representative from Michigan ; born in Otego, Otsego county, N. Y., May 15, 1832; attended the common schools; in the employ of the York and Erie railroad company, Susquehanna division, for ten years; moved to East Saginaw, Mich., in 1862; engaged in the manufacture of lumber and salt ; mayor of East Saginaw 1886-1887; held all the positions of honor under the municipal govern- ment of East Saginaw; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second Congress (March 4, 1891- March 3, 1893) ; served in the state senate 1897-1898. Young, Augustus, a Representative from Ver- mont; born in Arlington, Vc., March 20, 1785; completed preparatory studies; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Stowe, Vt. ; removed to Craftsbury, Vt., in 1812 ; member of the state house of representatives for twelve sessions and of the state senate for three terms; state attorney for Orleans county and judge of probate ; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841-March 3, 1843); declined a reelection; resumed prac- tice; moved to St. Albaus in 1847; judge of the county court for several years; died in St. Al- bans, Vt., June 17, 1857. Young, Bryan B., a Representative from Ken- tucky; a native of Kentucky; elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845-March 3, 1847). Young, Casey, a Representative from Ten- nessee ; born in Madison county, Tenn. ; a lawyer by profession; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Con- gresses (March 4, 1875-March 3. 1881) ; re- elected to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1883-March 3, 1885) ; died in 1898. Young, Ebenezer, a Representative from Con- necticut ; born in Killingly, Conn., December 25, 1783 ; was graduated from Yale college in 1806 ; member of the state senate 1823-1825; member of the state house of representatives 1826-1828 ; chosen speaker; elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Congresses (March 4, 1829-March 3, 1835) ; died in West Killingly, Conn., August 18, 1851. Young, H. Olin, a Representative from Michigan; born in New Albion, Cattaraugus county, N. Y., August 4, 1850; received an academic training; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Ishpeming, Mich. ; member of the state legislature in 1879; prose- cuting attorney of Marquette county, 1886-1896 ; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1911). Reelected to the Sixty-second, Congress. Young, James Bankin, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 10, 1847 ; attended the public schools ; en- listed in the Union army in June, 1863, in the thirty-second Pennsylvania infantry, and served BIOGRAPHIES. 1135 during the Gettysburg campaign; served as chief of the Washington bureau of the New York Tribune from June, 1866, to December, 1870; chief executive clerk of the United States Senate from December, 1873, to March, 1879; chief clerk of the Department of Justice from September, 1882, to December, 1883; again chief executive clerk of the United States Senate from December, 1883, to April, 1892; one of the founders of the Philadelphia Evening Star in 1866; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty - sixth, and Fifty - seventh Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1903). Young, John, a Representative from New York; born in Chelsea, Vt., June 12, 1802; moved to New York state in 1806 and located in Conesus, Livingston county, where he at- tended the public schools, studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1829, and began practice in Geneseo, N. Y. ; member of the state house of rep- resentatives in 1833, 1844, and 1845; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of Philo C. Fuller and served from December 6, 1836, to March 3, 1837; declined a reelection; reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841- March 3, 1843) ; governor of New York 1847- 1849 ; delegate in the Whig national convention of 1848 ; assistant treasurer of the United States at New York; died in New York City April 23, 1852. Young 1 , John D., a Representative from Ken- tucky ; born in Bath county, Ky., September 22, 1823 ; received a limited schooling ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Bath county ; also engaged iu farming ; elected judge of Bath quarterly court in 1858; presented credentials as Member-elect, but was not per- mitted to qualify, and Samuel McKee, contestant, was seated June 22, 1868; elected as a Demo- crat to the Forty-first Congress ( March 4, 1868- March 3, 1871). Young, John S., a Representative from Louis- iana ; born in Wake county, N. C., November 4, 1834 ; moved with his father to Fayette county, Tenn., in 1836, and to Columbia county, Ark., in 1848; was graduated from Centenary college Louisiana, in July, 1855; located in Homer, Claiborne parish, La., in September, 1855 ; stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Homer; enlisted in the Confederate army as a private May 3, 1861, and was successively promoted until he attained the rank of lieuten- ant colonel; returned to Homer at the close of the war, and resumed the practice of law; dis- trict judge; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty- fourth Congress, to fill vacancy caused by the death of John E. Leonard, and served from December 2, 1878, to March 3, 1879; resumed the practice of law in Homer, La. Young, Lafayette, a Senator from Iowa; born near Albia, Iowa, May 30, 1848; became a printer and engaged in the newspaper business ; founded and published the Atlantic, Iowa, Tele- graph, which he published nineteen years; es- tablished the Des Moines Capital, March 30, 1890; a state senator for twelve years; was with General Shafter's expedition in Cuba as a war correspondent in 1898; delegate in the Re- publican national conventions of 1900 nnd 1908; elector at large 1908; appointed to the United States Senate to fill vacancy caused by the death of Jonathan P. Dolliver, and served from No- vember 12, 1910, to April 11, 1911 ; unsuccessful candidate to the United States Senate, to fill vacancy caused by the death of Jonathan P. Dolliver ; resumed editorial work in Des Moines, Iowa. Young, Pierce Mason Butler, a Represen- tative from Georgia ; born in Spartanburg, S. C., November 15, 1839; studied law; student in the West Point military academy, and resigned two months before gradur.ting to enter the Confed- erate army as second lieutenant ; surrendered in 1865 as a major-general; returned to Georgia and elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses (March 4, 1867-March 3, 1869) ; reelected to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1875) ; died in New York City, July 6. 1896. Young, Richard, a Representative from New York; born in Ireland, August 6. 1846; came with his parents to Philadelphia, Pa., in 1851; attended the public schools and was graduated from a commercial college ; went to New York City to engage in the leather trade ; school com- missioner 7 years ; park commissioner for the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens under Mayor Low; interested in numerous corporations and business interprises ; elected as a Republican to the Sixty-first Congress (March 4, 1909-March 3, 1911 ) . Young, Richard Montgomery, a Senator from Illinois; born in Fayette county, Ky., February 20, 1798; moved to Illinois and was one of the first settlers in Quincy ; studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar September 28, 1817 ; member of the state legislature 1820-1822; judge of the third judicial circuit of Illinois 1829-1836; a Presidential elector on the Jackson and Calhoun ticket in 1829; elected as a Demo- crat to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843 ; associate justice supreme court of Illinois 1843-1847: commissioner of general land office 1847-1850 ; clerk of the House of Representatives in the Thirty-first Congress ; died in Washington, D. C., November 28, 1861. Young, Thomas Lowry, a Representative from Ohio ; born in Killyleagh, county Down, Ireland, December 14, 1832 ; came to the United si. -itcs in 1847; studied law, was graduated from the Cincinnati law school ; was an in- structor in the state reform school ; served in the Mexican and Civil wars; private, corporal, sergeant, and first sergeant company A, third artillery, March 25, 1848-January 28, 1858 ; cap- tain of Benton cadets, Missouri volunteers, Sep- tember 6, 1861; resigned December 10, 1861; reconimissioned major of the one hundred and eighteenth Ohio infantry September 17, 1862 ; lieutenant-colonel April 17, 1863; colonel April 11, 1864 ; brevet brigadier-general of volunteers March 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Resaca, Ga. ; resigned September 14, 1864 ; admitted to the bar in 1865; appointed assistant city auditor of Cin- cinnati ; member of the state house of repre- sentatives for two years; elected recorder of Hamilton county in 1867; appointed supervisor of internal revenue in 1868; delegate in the Re- publican national convention in Chicago in 1868 ; state senator in 1871 ; lieutenant-governor .in 1136 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 1875 ; governor of Ohio in 1877 ; elected as a Re publican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1879-March 3, 1883) ; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, July 20, 1888. Young, Timothy Roberts, a Representative from Illinois; born in Dover, N. H., November 19, 1811 ; completed preparatory studies in Phil- lips academy, Exeter, N. H., and was graduated from Bowdoin college in 1835; studied law in Dover, N. H., and was admitted to the bar; moved to Marshall, 111., in the spring of 1838 and practiced law for ten years; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849-March 3, 1851) ; engaged in agricultural pursuits near Casey, 111. ; was also engaged in trade in Mattoon, 111., for a time; died at Oil- field, near Casey, 111., May 12, 1898. Young, William A., a Representative from Virginia; born in Virginia, May 17, 1860; at- tended the schools of Norfolk, and began the study of law ; entered mercantile pursuits ; clerk of the circuit and corporation courts of the city of Norfolk ; delegate in the national Democratic convention in Chicago in 1892 ; presented cre- dentials as Member-elect to the Fifty-fifth Con- gress, and served from March 4, 1897, to April 26, 1898, when he was succeeded by Richard A. Wise, who contested his election ; again pre- sented credentials as a Member-elect to the Fifty-sixth Congress, and served from March 4, 1899, to March 12, 1900, when he was again suc- ceeded by Richard A. Wise, who contested his election. Young, William S., a Representative from Kentucky ; a native- of Nelson county, Ky. ; elected as a Democrat to the Nineteenth Con- gress (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1827). Yulee, David Levy. ( See David Levy. ) Zenor, William Taylor, a Representative from Indiana ; born near Corydon, Harrison county, Ind., April 30, 1846; attended the common schools and the seminary of James G. May ; commenced the study of law in New Albany ; was admitted to the bar, and engaged in practice in 1870 in Corydon ; moved to Leavenworth, Crawford county, Ind., in 1871 ; appointed prose- cuting attorney and twice elected to the office; judge of the third circuit in 1884, and reelected ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty- sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, and Fifty- ninth Congresses (March 4, 1897-March 3, 1907). Ziegler, Edward Danner, a Representative from Pennsylvania ; born in Bedford, Bedford county, Pa., March 3, 1844; attended the Penn- sylvania college, Gettysburg, and was gradu- ated in 1865; after teaching in the York county academy, was admitted to the York county bar November 4, 1868; elected com- missioner's clerk in 1871 ; district attorney of York county, and served three years ; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901 ) ; resumed the practice of law in York, Pa. Zollicoffer, Felix Kirk, a Representative from Tennessee ; born in Maury county, Tenn., May 19, 1812; received a limited schooling; became a printer; engaged in newspaper work in Paris and Knoxville, Tenn., and Huntsville. Ala.; elected state printer in Tennessee in 1835 ; comp- troller of the state treasury 1845-1849 ; state senator in 1849-1852; elected as a State Rights Whig to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1859) ; delegate to the peace convention of 1861; served in the Confederate army; died from wounds received near Mill Springs, Ky., Jan- uary 19, 1862. Zubly, John Joachim, a Delegate from Georgia ; born in St. Gall, Switzerland, August 27, 1724 ; emigrated to Georgia ; ordained a pastor of the first Presbyterian church in Savannah in 1760; prominent revolutionist; member of the provincial congress of Georgia ; Delegate in the Continental Congress 1775-1777, and opposed the Declaration of Independence; denounced as a traitor by Judge Samuel Chase, and resigned ; returned to Georgia and was accused of having furnished information to Sir James Wright, the royal governor, and narrowly escaped severe punishment ; was banished from the state and one-half of his property was confiscated ; re- turned and resumed pastoral charge in Sa- vannah ; died in Savannah, Ga., July 23, 1781. o THIS BOOK I S RENEWED BOOI RETURN TO the circulation desk of any University of California Library or to the NORTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY Bldg. 400, Richmond Field Station University of California Richmond, CA 94804-4698 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS 2-month loans may be renewed by calling (415)642-6233 1-year loans may be recharged by bringing books to NRLF Renewals and recharges may be made 4 days prior to due date DUE AS STAMPED BELOW 2 5 AUG ?.9 1989 tot 1 5 W89 REC'O LIBRARY, Ul 370221 JK1010 U.S. Congress. A5 Biographical con- 1911 gressional directory with an outline his- tory of the national Congress, 177U-1911. LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS