STACK ANNEX Sl'X'OXlJAKV INDICATION oi u s i: SIX ONDARV INDICATION V< )( 'ATH )N AI. AND U.K.MS COURSE SECONDARY EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL PROBLEMS SYLLABUS AND BIOGRAPHY I. The Secondary School. Its evolution. Present Place. The New Demands. Educational Psychology. References: Snedden, Problems in Vocational Education. 1910. 42 46. Gillette, Vocational Education, 1 13. Hanus, A Modern School, 3 39. McAndrews, The High School Itself. 1910. 450. Carey, The Opportunities of the Modern High School. 1910 457. Smith, N. E. A., 1910. 462466. Monroe, Text Book in History of Education. 706-759. In- dustries in the Secondary School, 1910. N. E. A., 731-766. Hanus, Industrial Education; Atlantic Monthly, Jan. 1908 Hollister, High School Administration, 49-59. II. The Secondary School. Relation to Vocational Training. INDIRECT approach to Vocational Work. DIRECT - Vocational studies, courses' schools. Limitations. The Life Career Motive in the High School. References: Gillette, 14-34 Snedden, 8-13 Butler, Education in the United States, 16-65 Brown, Recent Tendencies in Secondary Education. Ad- dress Univ. of State of New York, July 2, 1901. Fifth Annual Report of Carnegie Foundation, 63-69. 206713& Dutton and Snedden, Administration of Public Education in the United States, 404-13; 419-23. Lyttle, Relation of High School to Industrial Life. 1907, 698. Butler, Ed. Rev., 36; 471. Eliot, Life Career Motive. N. E. A.. 1910. 133. Hall, Educational Problems, 591-593; 613-616. III. Social and Industrial Needs. The results of Immigration. Urban growth. Class distinction. Industrial changes. Organization. Call for skilled labor. Passing of apprenticeship. Employment of leisure. Longer school life of child. How to best utilize. References: Snedden, 8-18. Gillette, 52-103; 161-185. Davenport, Eugene, Education for Efficiency. Hanus, Beginnings of Ind. Ed., 81-86. Zeller, John W., Ed. in the country for the country. N.E. A., 1910. 245-253. Crabtree, The Criticism of the Public Schools by the Laity N. E. A., 1910. 99-107. Mead, Adjustment of Education to Contemporary Needs, Ed. Rev., 19-472. Jacobs, Are the Schools doing what the people want them to do? Ed. Rev., 21-448. Hollister, High School Administration, 305-10. Hall, Problems of Education, New York, 1911. 540-550; 634 646; 559-561. Youth, 29-34. Industries in the Intermediate School. N. E. A., 1910. 713- 722. IV. Adjustment to Local and Industrial Needs in Upper Grades of Grammar School. DIFFERENTIATION. Relation to high schools. Articulation. Intermediate schools. Transition to high school. Social value. Childs labor and attendance laws. Vocational guidance. References: Hanus, A Modern School, 86 95. Seventy-fourth annual report of Board of Education of Mass 53, 32-33, 61-66. Johnson, Industrial Education in the Element, school. N. E A., 1910. 253-260. Chamberline, The Purpose and content of the elementary curriculum. N. E. A., 1910, 286-294. Dutton & Snedden, 334-338. McMurry, Ed. 26; 253. Industries in the Intermediate School. N. E. A., 1910 710-731. Whitney, Differentiation of Courses in the 7th and Sth. Ed. Rev. 41; 127. V. The High School Articulation; with grammar school. Articulation; with intermediate school. A new conception of liberal training. The claim of utility. Changes; in curriculum. Changes; in content. Changes; in method. Cooperation of men of affairs. Advisory Boards. Adjustment to local conditions. References: Gillette, 48-50; 211-222; 223-234. Snedden, 4-8; 26-32; 38-42; 71-82. Hanus. Paul H.. A Modern School, pp. 86-95. Davenport, Ed. Rev. 40: 348-355. Hanus, Paul H., Beginnings of Industrial Education, 22-27; 48-52. Seventy-first annual report of Mass. Board of Education pp. 319-346. Hall, Ed. Problems, 564-593; 613-616; 621-619. VI. Vocational Courses in High School. To what extent are they feasible? Conditions of success? Independence. Special instruction. Equipment. Proper correlation. Exact standards. Adjustment to local conditions. Legislation and support. Some illustrations. Reference: Gillette, 259-222. Snedden, The Combination of Liberal and Voc. Ed. Ed. Rev. 37: 231. Leavitt, Vocational and Industrial Training, Sen. Rev. 19: 85: 95. Report. U. S. Corn'r of Ed. 1910, 223-253. Nve, Rational Vocational work in Smaller High Schools. Mincemsyer, Penn. School Journal, 502-507. April, 1911. Brown, Making of Our Middle School, 458-421. Industries in the Secondary School. N. E. A., 1910. 93p-769. Person, The Idaal Organization Sch Rev. Rev., 17: 404-416. VII. Vocational Work in Secondary Schools. Commercial. Conditions of success. Standards. Definite aim. Separate courses. Teaching force. Equipment. Environment. Attitude of principal. The test of success. Cooperation References: Ellis, Commercial Ed. in Sec. Schools, Ed. 22: 631-637. James, Commercial Ed. Chicago University Press, 1898 Brown, Making of Our Middle Schools, 404-405. Lahey, How to Make Commercial Courses more Efficient. N. E. A., 1910. 839-847 Green, Attitude of Academic high school teachers towards students of commercial department. N. E. A., 1910. 142- 143. Hollister, High School Administration, pp. 142-143. Martin, Buisness Courses in Mass. High Schools. Mass. Board of Education. See also References under Commercial High Schools. VIII. The Commercial High School. Historical sketch. Origins. Needs of pupils. Business demands. Example of other countries. Private and semi-private agencies for business training. Organization of a commercial school. Relation to grammar school. Relation of college. Co-education. Growth statistics. References: Education in the United States, Albany, 1900. 653-703. Ellis, Commercial Education in Secondary Schools, Ed. 22: 631-637. Sheppard, High School of Commerce or Commercial depart- ment. N. E. A. 712-716 [1909] Clark, Commercial Branches in the High School Curriculum. Ed. Rev., 38: 31-42. Commercial and Business Schools. Report, U. S. Com'r of Ed. (Statistics) 1910. pp. 1249-1258. DeGarmo, Principles of Secondary Education. New York, 1907. Part 1, 274-293. Irish, The Place of Commercial Studies in the H. S. Ed. Rev., 10: 550-557. Bloomfield, Voc. Bureau of Boston. Voc. Guidance. Brooks, Sch. Rev. 19: 42-50. Hanus, Sch. Rev. 19: 51-56. Leavitt, W., Sch. Rev, 19: 63. Bloomfield, Choosing a Vocation. Boston, 1909. IX. Agricultural Education. The approach in elementary schools. Nature study. How made more effective. School gardens. Their popularity. Method of instruction. Results. Projects in agriculture in elementary schools. Outline of course. Collateral work in reading, arithmetic, drawing, com- position, history and geography. References: Jewell, J. R., Agricultural Education, including nature study and School Gardens. Bulletin No. 2, United States Bureau of Education. 1907. Sipe, S. B., School Gardening and Nature Study in English Rural Schools and in London. Bulletin 204, U. S. Office of Exper. Stations, 1909. Clapp, H. L., School Gardens in America An Experiment and Some Methods, Pop. Sch. Mo., 52: 445. Kern, 0. J., Among Rural Schools, Boston, 1906. Fogh, H. A., The American Rural Schools, New York. Schools Gardens, Bulletin 160, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. Bibliography in Among Rural Schools, 0. J. Kern. Report on Agricultural Education, 74th Annual Report Mass. Board of Education, 1911. 197291. Agricultural Projects for Elementary Schools, Bulletin No. 1, Mass. Board of Education, 1911. Warren, J. E., The Opportunity of the Rural Schools. 73rd Annual Report of Mass. Board of Education, 1910. 212224. Davenport, Eugene, Education for Efficiency; pp. 136-143. Hays, Agriculture in Our Public Schools. N, E. A., 1908: 176. McClure, Ed. 26: 65. X. Agricultural Education in General High Schools. A survey of present condition. Subjects, courses, departments. Methods each case. Limitations. Academic tendency. The selection of teachers. Cooperation with home. Arguments for such courses. Equipment. Legislation on agricultural education. References: Robinson, The Present Status of Agricultural Education in public secondary schools of the United States. Seh. Rev., 19: 333-344. Balcomb, Interest in Agricultural Education N. E. A. 1909 959-964. Bishop, Present Status of Agricultural Education in the public schools, N. E. A., 1909; 976-982. Bricker.The teaching of Agriculture in Tha High School, New York, 1911. Butterfield, Chapters in Rural Progress, Chicago, 111. 1911. Report of Michigan State Commission on Industrial and Agricultural Education, Lansing, 1910. PP. 18-32. Draper, A. S., Agriculture and its Educational Needs. 5th Annual Report, New York State Dept. Albany, 1909. Hays, Education for Country Life. Government printing office, Washington, 1909. Report of Wisconsin commission upon the Plans for Indus- trial and Agricultural Training. 114-135, Madison, Wis., 1911. 74th Annual Report, Mass. Board of Education, Agricul- tural Education. 197-291. 1911. Robison, Agricultural Education in Public High Schools. Teachers College, 1911. XL Agricultural High Sshools. Growth. Statistics. Methods of support. Organization. Buildings. Equipment. Curriculum. Selection of studies. Methods. Teachers. Training. Qualifications. Cooperation. Agricultural High Schools as community centres. Cultural and technical value. Relation to elementary schools. Relation to higher institutions. Various types of agricultural high schools. References: Crosby, Dick, Jr., Special Agricultural High Schools. N. E. A., 1909. 974-976. Crocheron, B. H., History and Field Work in the Agricultural High School. N. E. A., 1910. 1089-1093. The Rural School as a Community Centre, 10th Year Book. Nat. Soc. for the Scientific Study of Ed. Chicago, 1911. Agriculture and Industrial Training. Report of U. S. Com'r. of Education, 1908. Vol. 1: 125. True, Educational Values of Courses in Agriulture. Ohio State Univ. Univ. Bulletin Series No. 19, Columbus, Ohio. Giles, The Teaching of Agriculture in High School. Sch. Rev. 17: 154-165. Davenport, The Next Step in Agricultural Education. 1908. Urbana. 111. Main, A Manual for High School with sp3cial references to Science and Agriculture. 1909. Knoxville, Tenn. See also References under IX and X. XII. Industrial Education. Boys. Approach in elementary schools. Manual training. How made most effective? Changes? Methods. Products. Mechanical drawing. Relation to manual training. Preliminary vocational work. Conditions for success. Some examples. Use of academic subjects. Requirements for admission to industrial schools. Requirements for admission to general high schools with industrial courses. References: The Vocational Adjustment of the Children of the Public- Schools. High School Teachers Assoc. of New York. Kent, Manual Training and Trial Industry. A Course of Study for Boys of the Two Upper Grammar Grades. Ed. 3: 374-383. Haney, Industrial Education. Ed. 31: 355-369. Revised Curriculum, Chicago's High Schools. Sch. Rev. 19: Notes and News. Advance Sheets. Report on Industrial and Agricultural Training. Madison, Wis. 1911, 30-46. Government Printing Office. Russel, The School and Industrial Life. Ed. Rev. Dec. 1909 Dean, A.D., Relation of Manual Training to Industrial Educa- tion. Craftsman 14: 74-81. Bain, A. W., Preparation in the Elementary School for indus- trial and Domestic life Elementary School Teacher, 9: 167177. King, Chas. A., The Public School and Industrial Education. Ed.29: 407419. Lane, Our Inefficient Grammar Schools. Western Jour, of Ed 13: 259-269. XIII. Industrial Education. Boys. Approach in elementary schools. Manual training. How made most effective? Changes? Methods. Products. Mechanical drawing. Relation to manual training. Preliminary vocational work. Conditions for success. Some examples. Use of academic subjects. Requirements for admission to industrial schools. Requirements for admission to high schools with in- dustrial courses. References: The Vocational Adjustment of the Children of the Public Schools. High School Teachers Assoc. of New York: Kent, Manual Training and Local Industry. A Cour je Study for Boys of the Two Upper Grammar Grades. Ed. 3: 374-383. 1O Haney, Industrial Education. Ed. 31: 352-369. Revised Curriculm, Chicago's High Schools. Sch. Rev. 19: Notes and News. Advance Sheets. Report on Industrial and Agricultural Training. Madision, Wis. 1911. 30-46. Government Printing Office Russell, The School and Industrial Life. Ed. Rev. Dec. 1909. Dean, A. D., Relation of Manual Training to Industrial Edu- cation. Craftsman 14: 74-81. Bain, A.W., Preparation in the Elemantary School for Indus- trial and Domestic Life. Elementary School Teacher, 9: 167-177. King, Chas. A., The Public School and Industrial Education. Ed. 29: 407-419. Lane, Our Inefficient Grammar Schools. Western Jour, of Ed. 13: 259-269. XIV. The High School and Industrial Education. Terminology. What may be done in a general high school. In preliminary vocational training, In supplementary vocational courses. In direct vocational work. Equipment in each case. Teaching force. Conditions to be considered. Interests of pupils. Attitude of parents. Community sentiment. Attitude of principals and teachers. Some experiment and lessons therefrom. The limitations of the general high school in voca- tional work. References: Dutton and Snedden, 404-406; 408; 412. 419-424. Balliet, Manual, Trade and Technical Education, N. E. A., 1903. 65. Russell, The Trend in American Education. Ed. Rev. 32: 28. Wood, The Basis of an Efficient Education. Sch. Rev. 15: 333. Herrick, The Plan of Applied Education, Ed. Rev. 31: 180. Hubbard, Industrial Education. Sch. Rev. 15: 391. Snedden, The Combination of Liberal and Vocational Edu- cation. Ed. Rev. Mar. 1909. 231-242. 11 Work in Secondary Schools Having Industrial Courses. Fifty- fifth Annual Report, Department of Education, New Hampshire. Davenport, Education for Efficiency. 37-59. Martin, A Technical High School. N. E. A., 1908. 176. XV. The approach to Industrial Education of Secondary Grade Grammar schools. Boys and girls. Manual training. Its value. Present tendencies. Mechanical drawing. Art instruction. Domestic science and household arts. Modification in academic work. Intermediate schools for boys and girls. General courses. Evening schools. Community agencies. Arts and crafts societies. Museums. Private schools County and city conditions compared. References: Burnham, Industrial Education in the Public Schools. 71st Report of Board of Education, Mass. Weaver, The Vocational Adjustment of the Children of the Public Schools, High School Teachers Assn. of N. Y. C. 1909. Report of Michigan State Commission on Industrial and Agricultural Education. Lansing, Mich., 1910. 33-50. Rep. of Mass. Commission on Industrial and Technical. 1906- 1909, Boston. Dean, The Worker and the State. New York, 1910. Nat. Soc. for the Promotion of Industrial Training. Bui. 11. Report of Comission on Industrial and Agricultural Training Wisconsin, 1911. 32-38; 46-57; 104-113. Bailey, Industrial Drawing, Annual Rep., Mass. Board of Ed. 1900. Year Book of Council of Supervision of Manual Arts, 1907. E. D. Griswold, Hastings-on-Hudson. Course of Study and Syllabus forElementary Schools. N. Y. State Ed. Dep. Albany, 1908. Martin, Industrial Education and the Public Schools, Wright & Potter, Boston, 1908. 12 XVI. Industrial and Practical Courses and Departments for Girls in General High Schools. The organization of such work. Selection of teachers. Equipment. Correlation with academic subjects. Supervision in small and large high schools. Danger of overloading pupils. Coordination of courses and departments. Present practice and tendencies. References: Mann, Industrial and Technical Training in the Sec. schools Sch. Rev. 16: 425-438. Cooley, Selection of Domestic Art subject matter for Sec. Schools. Jour, of Home Economics, 1: 52-61. High School Course in Domestic Art. Proceedings 10th An- nual Conference on Home Economics. Lake Placid, New York. Richards and Kinne, Survey Courses in Science and Home Economics. Ed. Rev., 35: 242-255. The Influence of Sec. Schools upon Movements of Pop- ulation and upon Vocation. Dept. of Public Instruction, New Hampshire. (Concord) N. H. Dean, Some Points for Consideration. Address before N. Y. Rep. on Industrial and Agricultural. Ed. Lansing, Mich. 1910. See also programs of High Schools. DeGarmo, Principals of Ssc. Ed. Part II, Processes of Instruction. 150-159. XVII. Industrial and Practical Courses and Departments for Boys in General High Schools. Problems of organization. Correlation with other subjects and courses. Coeducation. The importance of the teacher. His training and experience. The function of the principal. Equipment. Conditions in small and large high schools compared. Present practices and tendencies. Measurement of results. 1 3 References: Thd High School and Community Needs. 71st Report Mass Board of Ed. 319-346. Work in Sec, Schools having Industrial Courses Dept. of In- struction, Concord, New Hampshire, 1908. Davenport, Ind. Ed. with Special Reference to the High School Urbana, 111. 1908. Proceedings, Western Drawing and Manual Training Assn. 15th Annual Report, Indianapolis, Ind. Terry H. L. The New Movement in Physics Teaching. Jinks, The Manual Training at Hampton Institute Manual Training Magazine, 9: 200-210. Gilbert, Chas. B., The Motor Activities in Expression. Educational Foundations, 20: 7-23. See also reference under XVI. XVIII. Technical and Industrial Secondary Day Schools for Girls. Definitions. The demand for such schools. Educational. Social. Industrial. Organization. Selection of courses. Methods of instruction. Cooperation with industries. Present condition. Statistics. References: Marshall, Industrial Training for Women. Nat. Soc. for the Promotion of Ind. Ed. Bulletin 4, New York, 1907. Carlton, Ed. and Ind. Evolution, New York, 1908. Reisner, A Descriptive list of Trade and Ind. Schools in the U. S. Bulletin 11. Nat. Soc. for the Promotion of Ind. Ed. Report of Michigan State Commission on Ind. and Agricultu- ral Ed. Lansing, 1910. Spencer, The Social Value of Ind. Ed. for Girls. Nat. Soc. for the Promotion of Ind. Ed. Bulletin 6. 39-45. Marchall, Nat. Soc. for the Promotion of Ind. Ed.. Bulletin 9, How to Conduct a Trade School for Girls, 90-100. Woodward, The Manual Training School. Boston, 1887. Richards, From the Practical to the Intellectual in the Shop. N. E. A., 1902. 550-558. See also References under XVI, XVII and XIX. 14 XIX. Technical and Industrial Secondary Day Schools for Boys. Definitions and distinctions. The origin and growth of such schools. Causes. Education Social Economic Industrial. Organization. Programs. Equipment. Adjustment to locality. Cooperation with industries Part time and other Plans. A survey of the situation. Relati ons to higher and lower schools. State support Legislation. References: Report Nat. Assn. for the Promotion of Ind. Ed. City School Reports, dealing with Manual Training, Tech- nical and Vocational Schools, Note schools at Cleve- land, Ohio, Newtown and Springfield, Mass., N. Y. C., Wash., Phila., Stout Institute, Menomonie, Wis. Snedden, The Movement for Vocational Ed. and its Prob- able Effect on Liberal Ed. Am. Ed., 299. Cranshaw, Rooms and Equipment for Manual Training School Buildings. Manual Training Magazine, 9: 422-434. Am. Academy of Political and Social Science. Ind. Ed. Phila., 1909. Martin, A Technical High School. N. E. A., 1908. 176. See also references under XIV and XVIII. XX. Public Evening High Schools Cultural and Vocational Courses. The history of the evening high school. Classification of courses and schools. Academic. Technical. Vocational. Growth. Statistics. Attendance. Expense. Programs. Teachers. Supervision. 15 Irregular attendance. Program of work for pupils. Relation to other schools. References: Balliet, T. M., The Organization of a System of Evening Schools. N. E. A. 1904. 278. Statistics on Evening High Schools. Report, U. S. Com'r of Ed. Report of Commission on Industrial and Agricultural Train- ing. Madison, Wisconsin. 46-59. Buttrick, The True Function of the Evening School. Sch. R3V. 12: 533. Dutton and Snedden, 480-491. Creasey, Technical Ed. in Evening Schools, London, 1905. Warner, Industrial Training in Public Evening Schools. N. E. A. 1905, 570-576. Davis, S. P., Public Evening Courses in the Manual Arts Year Boek. Nat. Soc. for the Promotion of Ind. Ed. 182-203. XXL Cooperation of Business and Manufacturing Agencies with the Schools. Importance. Moral support. Advisory comittees. Some examples. Part-time plans. Addresses to pupils. Addresses to conventions. Dangers. Benefits. How to encourage and direct. References: Higgins, M. P., Education for the trades; from the Point of View of the Manufacturer. N. E. A. 1903. 597-602 Alexander, Industrial Training as Viewed by the Manufact- urers. N. E. A. 796-804. Vanderlip, Business and Ed. New York, 1907. Ware, Fabian, Educational Foundations of Trade and So- ciety. New York, 1901, Schneider, Cooperation Course in Cincinnati. Engineering Magazine, xxxv. p. 929. Hall, Ed. Problems. 562-566; 574; 581-584. 16 XXII. Private and Philanthropic Agencies in Practical and Vocational Training. Classes and schools under care of women's clubs. Apprenticeship systems. Endowed institutions of secondary and intermediate grade. Classes and schools operated by the Young Men's Christian Association and kindred agencies. Private enterprises. Value of such schools. Their direct service. Contribution to knowledge. References: Henrotin, Cooperation of Women's Clubs in the Public Schools N. E. A., 1897. p. 73. Lawrence, A Problem for Women's Clubs. N. E. A., 1905. 724. Association Year Book. Young Men's Christian Assoc. 1910. Report U. S. Com'r of Ed. 1910. 124-125. See Statistic in above. 1218-1241. Schneider, Partial Tims Trade Schools. Annual American Academy of Political and Social Science 33: 50-55. Hall. Educational problems, New York, 1911, 544 552; 562- 584; 645-647; 688-694. James, "Commercial Education" in Ed. in U. S. Albany. 1900. Herrick, Commercial Education. 1900. XXIII. Influence of Vocational on Academic Courses. A contrast in aims. Comparison in subject matter and method. Value of the concrete of vocational training. Actual experience in the preparation of teachers. The pedagogic element also important. Gains in academic courses from practical subjects. Material. Direct methods. Corrects undue use of abstractions. Encourages application. Brings teachers into touch with present conditions. Vitalizes instruction. 17 References: Hall. Educational Problems. 591-593: 594-598; 613-616. Richards, From the Practical to the Intellectual in the Shop. N. E. A., 1902. 550-558. Johnston, The Social Significance of Various Movements for Ind. Ed. Ed. Rev. 37: 160-180. James, The Ed. of Business Men. Chicago. United Press. 1898.