CI454- Hs"l in MM .. -" UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES ROBERT ERNEST COWAN of the %ibett^ Gree San tfvancisco, Bprtl 10, 1804 'LIBERTY TREE," PLANTED BY SEQUOIA CHAl'TEK, I). A. R., AI'RIL HI, 1894. (I'RESENTEIJ BY MRS. JOSEPH L. MOODY.) CEREMONIES planting of the Xiberts ZIree GOLDEN GATE PARK Sequoia Cbaptet Dauobters of tbe Hmerlcan Devolution APRIL 19, 1894 The One Hundred and Nineteenth Anniversary of the Battle of Lexington A |p)to0tamme 1. Music, .......... First U. S. Infantry Band 2. Prayer, . . . Rt. Rev. WILLIAM FORD NICHOLS, D. D. Bishop of California. 3. Poem "Liberty Tree," . . By Mrs. FRANK J. FRENCH Read by Miss HATTIE VANCE MARTIN. 4. Oration, ....... General W. H. L. BARNES 5. Planting Tree. First trowelful of earth, gathered from Lexington Battle-field, will be deposited by Mrs. A. S. HUBBAKD, first State Regent and organizer of the Society D. A. R. in California. Second, earth from the old tomb at Mount Vernon, where George and Martha Washington were first buried, deposited by Mrs. WILLIAM ALVOBD, first Regent of Sequoia Chapter. Third, earth from the grave of Marquis de Lafayette, from the cemetery at Picpus, Paris, deposited by M. L. DE LA- LANDE, Consul General de France, representing the French Nation, with address. Reading of Official French Documents by C. L. P. MABAIS. 6. Music " Marsellaise." 7. Earth deposited by State and Chapter Officers, and mem- bers in accordance with " List of Contributions." 8. Music National Airs. Salute Battery D, Fifth U. S. Artillery, Captain DAVID H. KINZIE. 9. Poem "Dolly Madison Chapter, No. 2, D. A. R., Memphis, Tenn., Greeting to California's Liberty Tree," .... By Mrs. SARA BEAUMONT KENNEDY (of Memphis, Tennessee.) Read by Mrs. LOUISE HUMPHBEY SMITH. 10. Benediction. 290969 INCEPTION. ON the 9th of September, 1893, the following circular was issued : SEQUOIA CHAPTER, DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, OP SAN FRANCISCO, propose planting, at an early day, in Golden Gate Park, the nat- ural beauties of which are unsurpassed, a LIBERTY TREE, which shall perpetuate the name of the Society in California, and the objects for which it was organized, throughout the coming ages. The Sequoia has been selected for the purpose, and it will be placed in position with appropriate ceremonies, probably dur- ing the Midwinter Fair to be held in this city. To protect The Tree from vandalism, it will be enclosed in an iron fence, on which will be placed a copper tablet bearing the name of the Society, its aims, the names of officers and members of Sequoia Chapter, and such further inscription as may be determined upon. The Chapter desires contributions of soil, a few ounces only, to be placed at the roots of The Tree, taken from battle-fields made memorable in our Revolutionary War, and from near monu- ments, buildings and tombs erected in commemoration of the ser- vices of the who have bequeathed to us our noble heritage. Will you not assist in rendering this undertaking successful by contributing a handful of earth taken from historic places in your vicinity ? Thus shall California, having no Revolutionary battle- fields throughout her broad domains, and geographically remote from those on which our forefathers fought and conquered, en- deavor, through this symbolic tree, to present an object lesson which shall foster true patriotism, and "perpetuate the memory and spirit of the men and women who achieved American In- dependence." Please give historical description of contents of packages for- warded, together with name of donor. The contribution will be credited you in a book kept for the purpose, to be deposited in the archives of Sequoia Chapter. 6 PLANTING OP THE LIBERTY TREE. In response to the circular the following contributions were received: CONTRIBUTIONS. Soil from monument erected on Lexington battle-field, to mark the spot where the Revolutionary War commenced. Contributed by MBS. HARRIETTE PERRY STAFFORD, Cottage City, Mass. Soil from the old tomb at Mount Vernon, where Washing- ton and his wife were first buried. Contributed by MBS. ADLAI E. STEVENSON, President- General National Society D. A. R., Washington, D. C. Earth from grave of Marquis de Lafayette, from the cemetery at Picpus, Paris, France. Contributed by the FRENCH GOVERNMENT, and received through the courtesy of M. Reynal, Minister of the Interior and M. L. de Lalande, Consul-General de France, at San Francisco, Cal. Earth from grave of Mary Ball Washington, the mother of the " Father of his Country," from the spot chosen by herself on her own home plantation, " Kenmore," near Fredericksburg, Va. ; also, piece of the old monument erected to her memory, the corner-stone of which was laid by General Andrew Jackson, President of the United States, May 7, 1833. Contributed by her great-great-granddaughter, Miss EUGENIA WASHINGTON, one of the founders of the National Society D. A. R, Soil from tomb of the 11,500 martyrs of the prison ships; also, from grave of the patriot Benjamin Romaine, on Fort Greene, Brooklyn, N. Y., who caused the bones of these faithful men to be gathered from the shores of the Wallabout, where they were thrown by the brutal British guards as soon as life left their bodies, and placed in a vault in ground purchased by himself for that purpose, and where they remained until a few years ago, when they were removed by the authorities of Brooklyn to STATUE OF COLONKL PRESCOTT AT BUNKER HILL. CONTRIBUTIONS. 7 their present resting-place on Fort Greene, now Wash- ington Park, of Revolutionary history. Contributed by the SOCIETY OP OLD BROOKLYNITES, New York, through the courtesy of Mr. Charles C. Leigh, Vice- President. Soil from grave and monument of Ethan Allen. Contributed by MBS. T. S. PECK, Hon. Regent for Vermont. Soil from grave of Thomas Jefferson, Monticello Mountain, Va. Contributed by MBS. F. BERGER MORAN, Charlottesville.Va. Soil from trenches of Valley Forge ; also, from Paoli battle- field, and from the birthplace of General Anthony Wayne. Contributed by MRS. ROSA WRIGHT SMITH, Registrar- General, and MBS. MARY W. WOOTEN, Registrar New York City Chapter, great-grand nieces of Captain Philip Slaughter, of Virginia. Earth from Yorktown (Va.) battle-field. Contributed by MRS. MARSHALL MACDONALD, Vice- President-General National Society D. A. R., Washington, D. C. Soil from Groton Monument, the oldest Revolutionary monument in America, the corner-stone of which was laid in 1826, and completed in 1830 ; erected to the memory of the brave patriots who fell in the massacre at Fort Griswold, near the spot where, on September 6, 1781, the British, under command of the traitor Benedict Arnold, burned the towns of New London and Groton, and spread desolation and woe throughout the region. Among the eighty-five persons killed on that bloody day, nine bor6 the name of Avery. Contributed by Miss HELEN AVERY, Groton, Conn. Earth from Bunker Hill Monument, Charlestown, Mass., the corner-stone of which was laid by Lafayette June 17, 1825, and from the spot where General Joseph Warren fell, at the battle fought June 17, 1775; also earth from the breastworks and pieces of cement taken out of the seams of the monument when it was repointed in 1882. Contributed by the PRESIDENT OF THE BUNKER HILL MONUMENT ASSOCIATION, Charlestown, Mass. 8 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. Earth from grave of William French, Westminster, Vt. Contributed by MRS. C. C. BURDETT, State Regent D. A. R. for Vermont. " The first blood shed in our Revolution has been commonly supposed to have been shed at Lexington, April 19, 1775; but Westminster, Vermont, files a prior claim, in favor of William French, who, it is asserted, was killed on the night of March 13, 1775, at the King's Court House, in what is now Westminster. At that time Vermont was a part of New York, and the King's Court officers, together with a body of troops, were sent on to Westminster, to hold the usual session of the court. The people, however, were exasperated, and assembled in the Court House to resist. A little before midnight, the troops of George the Third advanced and fired indiscriminately upon the crowd, instantly killing William French, whose head was pierced by a musket-ball. He was buried in the churchyard, and a stone erected to his memory with this quaint inscription: ' In Memory of William French, who was shot at Westminster, March y twelfth 1775, by the hand of the cruel Ministerial Tools of George y Third, at the Court House, at 11 o'clock at night, in the 22nd year of his age. Here William French his body lies, For Murder his Blood for Vengeance cries. King George the Third his Tory Crew Tha with a bawl his head shot threw, For Liberty and his Country's good He lost his life his Dearest Blood.' " Soil from monument erected in 1779 to the memory of the " first eight victims of British Tyranny and Oppression Ensign Robert Monroe, Jonas Parker, Samuel Hadley, Jonathan Harrington, Jr., Isaac Muzzy, Caleb Harring- ton, Asahel Porter, and John Brown." Soil from the grave of Mary Monroe, who witnessed the first Revolutionary conflict, and who died October 15, 1852, at the age of 105 years and 4 days. Piece of the cannon used April 19, 1775, still standing on Lexington battle-field. Soil from Concord battle-field. Flowers gathered from the graves of Revolutionary soldiers on battle-field. Soil from Craddock House, Medford, Mass., believed to be the oldest house in the United States retaining its origi- nal form. Contributed by MRS. H ARRIETTE R. PERRY STAFFORD, of Cottage City, Mass., the owner of the original " Paul Jones Flag," the first flag bearing the stars and stripes ever hoisted over an American vessel, and the first to be saluted by a foreign power. Soil from grave of Sergeant Lawrence Everhart in the Middletown (Maryland) Cemetery, who was born May 6, 1755, and died August 6, 1840, in the 86th year of his age, and who served from the beginning to the close of 9Y THE RUOCBRIBCE THAT ARCHtD THt FlOW, THtlRflCTAflllL'l MERC VNFVftUt, rlflWONCtTtttHurrifD fARMCRI STMD, A 1.0 'MED THC WOT WAV) ROUNt THt WORLD. STATUE OF THE MINUTE-MAX, ON CONCORD BATTLE-fi ROUND THE AMERICAN POSITION. CONTRIBUTIONS. 9 the Revolutionary War. He was the rescuer of Washing- ton at the battle of Cowpens, and at the battle of Brandy- wine, when Lafayette was wounded, he, with Sergeant Wallace, rescued him from his perilous position, and carried him about two miles to the house of a friend. He was later ordained a minister of the Gospel, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, by Bishop Asbury, in 1808. Contributed by C. W. HOFFMAN, LL. D., Frederick, Md. Soil from grave of General Roger Nelson, patriot and statesman, who served throughout the War of the Revolu- tion, in the Maryland Line. He distinguished himself at the battles of Cowpens, Camden, Guilford Court House, and Eutaw Springs, and was present at the surrender at Yorktown. Being still a young man at the close of the war,, he became eminent at the bar, in the halls of National Congress, and was elevated to the bench of his State, from which he resigned a few months before his untimely death, which resulted from the wounds received in battle. He died June 7, 1815. Soil from grave of Colonel John Lynn, in Mount Olivet Cemetery, Frederick, Md., who served his country through- out the war, and who greatly distinguished himself at the battle of Camden. Soil from Braddock's Spring, on the National Turnpike, Frederick County, Md., where General Braddock halted his army and drank of the water of the spring, on his march to Fort Du Quesne in 1775. George Washington was at that time General Braddock's Aide-de-Camp. Soil from grave of Francis Scott Key, in Mount Olivet Cemetery, Frederick, Md., author of the immortal ode, " The Star Spangled Banner." Soil from site of the Old Court House where the Stamp Act was declared unconstitutional, and ignored by the Fred- erick County (Maryland) Court, 18th to 23d of November, 1765, eleven years before the Declaration of Independ- ence; the first step taken by an organized body in resist- ance to British authority. Contributed by Mrs. B. H. M. RITCHIE, Regent Frederick Chapter D. A. R., Frederick, Md. 10 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. Soil from tomb of James K. Polk, where has reposed for half a century the body of the eleventh President of the United States. Soil from General Andrew Jackson's tomb, who died June 8, 1845; born March 15, 1767. Contributed by LADIES' HERMITAGE ASSOCIATION, Nash- ville, Tenn. Soil from grave of Thomas Johnson, first Governor of Maryland, who nominated George Washington for Coin- mander-in-Chief of the Army. Contributed by MRS. ANN G. ROSS, Frederick, Md. Soil from grave of Roger Brook Taney, fifth Chief Justice of the United States, born in Calvert County, Md., March 17, 1777, died at the city of Washington, D. C., October 12, 1864, aged 87 years; buried in a secluded spot in the old Catholic graveyard in the rear of the Novitiate of Frederick, Md. Contributed by MBS. HENRIETTA MARIA WILLIAMS, Frederick, Md. Earth from graves of General Otho Holland Williams and Colonel John Eager Howard, distinguished officers of the Maryland Line, Continental Army, and from grave of Hon. Thomas Smyth, Member of the Maryland Convention, 1774 to 1776, and of the "Committee of Public Safety" Kent County, Md. Died March, 1819. Buried in estate Kent. Contributed by MBS. REGINA M. KNOTT, State Regent D. A. R. for Maryland. Soil from grave of Moses Arnold, Braintree, Mass., corporal in an " Independent Company of Minute-Men " who served in the defense of Boston. Contributed by his great-great-granddaughter, MRS. ELISHA MAY, St. Johnsbury, Vt. Soil and piece of wall from Fort Ticonderoga, N. Y. ; also, soil from the graves of Colonel Gideon Brownson, one of the famous "Green Mountain Boys," and Colonel Eli Brownson. Contributed by his great-great-granddaughter, MRS. JESSE BURDETT, State Regent for Vermont. CONTRIBUTIONS. 11 Soil from tomb of John Hancock, in the old Granary Burial- Ground, Boston, where are buried two other Signers of the Declaration of Independence, Samuel Adams and Robert Treat Paine. The victims of the Boston Massacre (March 5, 1770), and the father and mother of Benjamin Franklin are also buried there. Soil from the " Old Elm " on Boston Common. Contributed by DK. SAMUEL A. GREEN, Maes. Hist. Society, Boston, Mass. Earth taken from Fort Putnam, an earthen and masonry work, erected in 1778 on a commanding hill in rear of the plateau, under the direction of Colonel Rufus Putnam, in whose honor it was named by the men of the regiment he then commanded, the Fifth Massachusetts. Occupied by the Continental troops throughout the War. Earth from Fort Clinton, an earthen and masonry work, erected on the edge of the bluff above the turn in the river by the Continental troops in 1778 ; originally named Fort Arnold and changed to Fort Clinton in 1780, after the desertion of General Arnold. Occupied by the Con- tinental troops until the close of the War. Earth from Battery Knox, an earthen redoubt built on the high bank of the river, below the level of the bluff and to the south of Fort Clinton, of which it was an outwork. Earth from graves of Dominick Trant, Ensign Ninth Mas- sachusetts Regiment, died November 7, 1782 ; Alexander Thompson, Captain Corps of Artillery, died September 28, 1809; John Lillie, Aide-de-Camp to General Knox and Captain Corps of Artillery, died September 22, 1801 ; Roger Alden, Captain 2d Connecticut Regiment, died November 5, 1836, all buried in the cemetery at West Point, N. Y. Contributed by J. M. CARSON, JR., First Lieutenant Fifth Cav- alry, Adjutant, West Point, N. Y. Earth taken from State House in Annapolis, Md., then cap- ital of the country and Washington's headquarters. Contributed by MRS. GEORGE H. SHIELDS, Washington, D. C. 12 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. Earth from grave (in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, Tarrytown, N. Y.,) of Captain Thaddeus Avery, of Westchester County, N. Y., a patriot of the Revolution; also, from grave of Elizabeth Avery, wife of Captain Thaddeus Avery, and daughter of Captain John Underbill, a Revo- lutionary heroine " whose daring deed of fortitude saved to the Continental army the silver sinews of war the money-chests containing all the coin which lay between the army and pauperism." Contributed by their granddaughter, MRS. R. OGDEN DORE- MUS, Regent of New York City Chapter. Earth from graves of Patrick Henry and Dorothea Dan- dridge, his wife, buried side by side in the garden at Red Hill, the seat of Patrick Henry. Contributed by MBS. MILDRED S. MATHES, State Regent D. A. R. for Tennessee, great-great-grandniece of Dorothea Dan- dridge. Earth from battle-field of Monmouth, N. J. Contributed by MRS. D. A. DEPUE, Newark, N. J. Soil from battle-field of Savannah, Ga. Contributed by N. M. DICKSON, Atlanta, Ga. Earth from Fort Necessity, Pa., first fort built by George Washington, and scene of his first battle (1754), in French and Indian war. Contributed by MRS. N. B. HOGG, Alleghany, Pa. Soil from the first Fort Pitt, Pittsburg, Pa., finished about January 1, 1759, and placed under command of Colonel Hugh Mercer. Soil from second Fort Pitt, built in 1769, and visited by George Washington in 1770. Soil from Fort Du Quesne, at fork of Monongahela and Alleghany rivers, under command of Captain Trent (English) and taken possession of by Captain Contracom (French), on April 17, 1754. Captain Contracom after- ward built a new fort, which he called Fort Du Quesne, after the Governor of Canada. CONTRIBUTIONS. 13 Soil from the redoubt erected in 1764 (the year from which Pittsburg, Pa., dates its history), still standing at the Point called the " Old Block House." Contributed by MRS. N.B. HOGG, State Regent for Pennsylvania. Soil from the place where the Liberty Bell and Christ Church bells were concealed beneath the floors of Zion's Reformed Church, from September 23, 1777, to the latter part of 1778. Contributed by Miss MINNIE F. MICKLEY, Regent of Lib- erty Bell Chapter, Tenn., and great-granddaughter of Jacob Mick- ley, who conveyed the bells secretly to Allentown, Pa. Earth from the grave of General William Barton, "the brave officer who, in July, 1777, organized and com- manded the boat expedition which, leaving Warwick at night, and going down the Bay with muffled oars, passed safely through the British fleet, and landing on the shore of the island of Rhode Island, marched directly to the headquarters of General Preston, the commanding General of the British troops, and taking him from his bed, brought him a prisoner to the main land." General Barton was born in Warren, R. I., and died in Providence October 22, 1831, aged 85 years, and is buried in the ancient "North Burial-Ground" of that city. Contributed by MRS. EMMA W. BULLOCK, Bristol, R. I. Earth from Nelson House, Yorktown, Va., built in 1740 by William Nelson, commonly called President Nelson of the King's Council ; afterwards occupied by his son, Governor Thomas Nelson. The house, with its walls scarred by the shells of the Revolution, is still standing, and is owned by descendants of Governor Nelson. Contributed by Miss NELSON, and received through the cour- tesy of Mrs. James B. Baylor of Richmond, Va. Earth from the grave of Deacon Benjamin Farnum, of Andover, Mass., a soldier and captain who served with distinction throughout the War of the Revolution. He was wounded at the battle of Bunker Hill. John Barker, a private of his company, seeing his captain lying wounded in the path of retreat, took him upon his 14 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. shoulders, and steadying him with his gun under hie knees, bade him hold fast, and started out on the run, calling out, "The Reg'lars shan't have Ben, anyhow." Captain Farnuin died at Andover, Mass., December 4, 1833, in the 87th year of his age. Contributed by his grandniece, MBS. S. ISABELLE HUBBARD, San Francisco, Cal. Earth taken from site of the first church building in Middletown, Conn., erected in 1638; about twenty feet square, composed of logs, and surrounded by a palisade. The same church (Congregational) has just celebrated its 255th anniversary, in its fifth building. Earth taken from Indian Hill, now a cemetery, but formerly a fortified Indian post (Fort Mattabesit), chief's dwelling on the crest of the hill, with a stockade surrounding it, large enough to shelter the whole settlement. Earth from Riverside Cemetery, Middletown, Conn., used as early as 1636. Contributed by WADSWORTH CHAPTER D. A. R., Middle- town, Conn. Earth from Putnam Park, Redding, Conn., from under one of the old ovens used by the Revolutionary soldiers; also, from the site of the Episcopal Church, which was filled with stores during the war. Soil from the battle-field in Ridgefield, Conn. Earth from General Wooster's grave, at Danbury, Conn. Contributed by MRS. E. D. WILDMAN, Regent Mary Wooster Chapter, Danbury, Conn. Soil from Independence Square, Philadelphia. Contributed by MBS. M. E. D. SMITH, Regent Philadelphia Chapter. Soil from " Morganza," Pittsburg, Pa., the estate of Colonel George Morgan, where Aaron Burr endeavored, while en- joying the hospitality of his old army friend, to allure the younger Morgans to join his treasonable purposes, and which aroused both father and sons, who communi- cated their fears to Jefferson, then President, which, he CONTRIBUTIONS. 15 afterwards wrote, was " the first intimation of the trea* sonable plans." Contributed by his great-granddaughter, MBS. R. M. NEW- PORT, State Regent D. A. R. for Minnesota. Soil from Duston Island, Pennacook, N. H., and from near the Hannah Duston Monument, Haverhill, Mass. Contributed by Miss SARA P. AMES, Pennacook, N. H. Soil from base of Hannah Duston statue, on the Island of Contocook. Contributed by MRS. AMANDA STARK BURPEE, Penna- cook, N. H. Soil from grave of General John Stark and from that of his wife, Elizabeth Page Stark (the famous Molly Stark). Contributed by their great-grandson, JOHN F. STARK, of Ala- meda, Cal. Soil from Guilford battle-ground, from tomb of General Jethro Sumner, who served in the North Carolina Line of the Revolutionary army ; also, earth from tomb of Major John Daves, at Guilford battle-ground. Contributed by his granddaughter, MRS. M. McKINLAY NASH, Newbern, N. C. Soil from monument erected by the Maryland Historical Society to her Sons who fought and died on the Guilford battle-ground, March 15, 1787. Soil from monument erected by Governor Holt, of North Carolina, to the soldiers of the Continental army, North Carolina Line, who fell at the battle of Guilford, N. C., March 15, 1787. Soil from the site of Fort Raleigh, on Roanoke Island, which lies in the waters between the Pamlico and Albemarle Sounds, North Carolina, the scene of the first settlement in the original United States, and of the first Christian (Protestant) sacrament in all the United States (except that of Drake's Bay, in Northern California, where the Rev. Francis Fletcher, under Sir Francis Drake, held service June 24, 1579). Contributed by MRS. M. McKINLAY NASH, State Regent D. A. R. for North Carolina. 16 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. Soil from the Saratoga battle-grounds : from the spot where Major Ackland was wounded; from the site of Bemus Tavern, Bemus Heights ; from Western Redoubt, British camp, where Arnold was wounded; from where the Americans first charged the British advance line, Octo- ber 7, 1777 ; from where General Frazer was wounded ; from site of Taylor House, where he died ; from site of Great Redoubt where he was buried ; from General Gates' headquarters, American camp; from Freeman's Farm- Well, British camp ; from British Redoubt on Freeman's Farm; from hill from which General Morgan led his troops against British advance line ; from basin at edge of river where the British were camped on the night of October 7,1777; from site of Water Battery to protect bridge of boats at Bemus Heights, American camp, and from Fort Nelson, west side of Well, American camp. Contributed by MRS. ELLEN H. WALWORTH, Vice-Presi- dent-General in charge of organization National Society D. A. R., and MB. TRACY WALWORTH, of Saratoga Springs, N. Y. Soil from the burial-place of Revolutionary soldiers of the Continental army who had been in the Bethlehem Hos- pital 1776-1777. Soil from the spot where was built the first house of the Moravian town of Bethlehem, Pa., in 1742. Contributed by Miss MINNIE F. MICKLEY, through the kind- ness of Mr. Robert Rau, of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. Earth from the " Trappe," near Reading, Pa., the grave of General Peter Muhlenberg, the hero of Thomas Buchanan Read's poem, "The Rising of 1776." General Muhlen- berg was the clergyman, " the warrior-priest," who threw off his gown to show his military uniform. Contributed by MRS. W. M. WEIDMAN, Regent Berks County Chapter, Pennsylvania. Earth from grave in the old cemetery, New Haven, Conn., of Mary Clapp Wooster, daughter of General David Wooster, who was mortally wounded at the burning of Danbury, Conn., by the British, April, 1777. "A brave, loyal, self-sacrificing woman, who served her country with her heart and substance." CONTRIBUTIONS. 17 Soil from beneath the monument erected to the memory of Elbridge Gerry, one of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence, and Vice-President of the United States in 1813; from the Trumbull Tomb at Lebanon, Conn., where within its walls are deposited the remains of two Governors, one Commissary-General, and a Signer of the Declaration of Independence; from remains of barracks where Count Rochambeau, with five regiments of troops, camped for a few weeks in the summer of 1781, and the Duke de Lauzon was also stationed with his troops of Hussars over half a year in 1780 and 1781, General Washington reviewing the troops in March, 1781. Earth from the little office which Governor Trumbull used, called since the Revolutionary War the "War Office," still standing in Lebanon, Conn., and lately given into the custody of the Sons of the American Revolution of Connecticut, and where were held during the years of the Revolution over one thousand meetings of the Council of Safety, established to assist the Govern- ment in carrying on the war. At many of these meetings Washington himself was present, and well authen- ticated tradition tells of many private interviews between the chief commander and "Brother Jonathan." Over the threshold of this old "War Office" have passed Washington, Lafayette, Count Rochambeau, Baron de Lauzon, Generals Sullivan, Putnam, Knox, Parsons and Spencer; also, the patriots, Samuel Adams, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson all aflame with the zeal of Independence. Soil from the home of Jonathan Trumbull, the "Brother Jonathan" with whom Washington so frequently con- sulted, and who was Governor of Connecticut from 1770 to 1783, also chief commander of the military forces in Connecticut, and, by special act of the General Assembly, of naval forces also. - Contributed by the MARY CLAPP WOOSTER CHAPTER, New Haven, Conn., of which Miss Emily L. Gerry, aged 93 years, daughter of Elbridge Gerry, signer of the Declaration of Independ- ence, is Regent. Earth from Old Bryant Station Fort, Fayette County, Ky., the siege of which occurred in 1782. Water having given out, the women and girls carried water to the fort from 18 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. the spring, although the fort was surrounded by In- dians. Contributed by Miss MARY DESHA, one of the founders of the National Society D. A. R., and by MBS. ALBERT G. BRACKETT, Washington, D. C. Soil from Washington's Headquarters, Newburgh, N. Y. Contributed by QUASSAICK CHAPTER D. A. R., Newburgh. N. Y. Soil from the Pequot or Sasqua Swamp, Fairfield, Conn., the scene, in 1637, of the last encounter between the once powerful tribe of Pequot Indians and the first settlers of Connecticut. On account of the constant depredations of the savages upon the infant settlements of Windsor and Hartford, the inhabitants were forced to organize themselves and make active war upon the Pequots to prevent being exter- minated by them. In their flight westward toward the Hudson river the Indians made their last stand in this swamp. Here they were surrounded, and after a desperate tight, the whites were victorious. The remnants of the tribe were scattered, and trouble from that source ceased. The pursuit of the Indians led to the discovery of the beautiful sections of country along the Long Island Sound, which were purchased and settled the following years 1639 and 1640 and became New Haven, Fairfield and Norwalk. Soil from near the ancient pillared tablet of sandstone covering the last resting-place of Governor Thomas Fitch, one of Connecticut's last Colonial governors, who died July 18, 1774. The tablet is situated in one of the oldest cemeteries of Norwalk, Conn. Soil from hill in Norwalk, Conn., upon which the British General Tryon sat with his officers while watching the burning of that town by the British soldiers, through his orders, July 11, 1779. Soil from the scene of the battle in Norwalk, Conn., between the Americans and the British, July 11, 1779, the day of the burning of the town by General Tryon. Contributed by MRS. E. J. HILL, Regent of Norwalk Chapter D. A. R M Norwalk, Conn. Soil from grave of Rev. Parke Avery (Lieutenant), the " Fighting Parson " of Connecticut, born 1710, died 1797, and from grave of his wife, Mary Latham, the mother of six Revolutionary heroes; also from graves of Lieutenant Parke Avery, Jr., wounded in battle of Groton ; Elisha and Jasper Avery, sons of Rev. Parke Avery, killed in CONTRIBUTIONS. 19 the battle, and from the grave of Thomas Avery, son of Lieutenant Parke Avery, Jr., the young hero, aged 17, killed while fighting by the side of his father in the same battle, September 6, 1781. All buried in the Colonial Graveyard at Groton, Conn. Contributed by Miss HELEN MORGAN AVERY and Miss ADDIE AVERY THOMAS, of Groton, Conn., lineal descendants of Rev. Parke Avery, Lieutenant Parker, Jr., and Captain Wm. Latham. Soil from Fort Griswold, Groton Heights, Conn., the oldest fort in the United States, in a good state of preservation, erected in 1776. Soil from grave of Captain William Latham, Commander of Artillery at Fort Griswold, battle of Groton Heights, September 6, 1781 ; and from spot inside the fort where Colonel Wm. Ledyard fell in the same battle. Contributed by Miss HELEN MORGAN AVERY and Miss ADDIE AVERY THOMAS, Groton, Conn. Earth from, grave of Colonel William Prescott, who com- manded at Bunker Hill, and from the Bennington (Vt.) Monument; also pieces of capstone. Contributed by MRS. EDITH PRESCOTT WOLCOTT, Boston, Mass., great-great-granddaughter of Colonel Prescott. Soil from Fort Dearborn, erected in 1804, by Captain William Whistler, a soldier of the Revolution, where now stands the metropolitan city of the Northwest Chicago. - Contributed by T. WORTHINGTON HUBBARD, the youngest member of the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution in the United States. Earth from house of Betsy Ross, 239 Arch street, Philadel- phia, Pa. In this house Betsy Ross made and exhibited the first American Flag. Contributed by MRS. A. MUND, present occupant. Earth gathered at the base of the monument erected by George M. Pullman, Esq., at the corner of Calumet and Eighteenth streets, Chicago, 111., to mark the spot where the Indian massacre took place August 15, 1812. Contributed by GEORGE B. GALE, Chicago, 111. 20 PLANTING OP THE LIBERTY TREE. Earth from battle-fields of Cowpens, Eutaw Springs, and Kings Mountain. Contributed by MRS. STEPHEN J. FIELD, Vice-President- General National Society D. A. R., Washington, D. C. Earth from " Middlebrook Camp," N. J., where General Putnam and his command wintered in 1779. Contributed by MBS. MARGARET HERBERT MATHER, Registrar Nova Csesarea Chapter, Newark, N. J. Soil from Old St. Peter's Church, Chester Valley, Pa., founded by Welsh Episcopalians prior to 1700. Here Dr. Currie, the Tory clergyman, insisted on reading prayers for the King, and was stripped of his wig and gown and pitched out by his patriot congregation. The church was used as a hospital while Washington was at Valley Forge. Several Revolutionary soldiers are buried here. Soil from grave of Dr. Samuel Kennedy, Charlestown Pres- byterian Church, Chester county, Pa., the distinguished Revolutionary surgeon who built the Soldiers' Hospital at Yellow Springs, now Chester Springs, Pa. Soil from "Penn Cottage," a well-preserved specimen of early Pennsylvania architecture, built in 1695 and occu- pied by William Penn, on " Old Lancaster Road," Lower Merion, Pa., one-half mile from the Old Meeting-House. The cottage is on the Jones Farm, " Wynnewood," the oldest Quaker settlement in Pennsylvania. Soil from Washington Square, Philadelphia. Used as a potter's field by the British during the Revolution. The prisoners taken at the battles of Brandywine and German- town were confined in the Walnut-street prison near by. Numbers died of hunger and cold, and were buried in Washington Square, 1777. Earth from William Penn's llth milestone, still standing, on " Old Gulf Road," from Lower Merion Friends' Meet- ing-House to Paoli. John Roberts, the Tory, was accused of piloting Cornwallis along this road to Paoli battle- ground, Chester county. CONTRIBUTIONS. 21 Earth from Paoli monument, marking the spot where fifty-three American patriots fell, victims of the atro- cious massacre at Paoli. The old monument was erected in 1817 by citizens of Chester county. The new, Sep- tember 20, 1877, the centennial of the event. Clover sod from " State-House Yard," now called Independ- ence Square, cut a few feet from the steps from which was read the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. Soil from residence of Charles Thomson, Secretary of the Colonial Congress, Lower Merion, Pa., near Penn's llth milestone. Soil from the old Price mansion, built by Welsh Friends, Lower Merion, Pa. Headquarters of Lord Cornwallis before the massacre of Paoli. Situated near the junction of the " Old Lancaster " and the " Old Gulf Roads," and a quarter of a mile from the Old Meeting-House. Earth from Dock-street wharf, Delaware river, Philadel- phia, where William Penn, with English Quakers, landed from the ship u Welcome " in 1682. Earth from the old Swedes' church, Swanson and Christian streets, built in 1700, where the Swedes settled in 1636. Earth from Old Friends' Meeting-House, where William Penn preached, Lower Merion, Montgomery county, Pa., built in 1695 by Welsh Quakers. Adjoining the burying- ground is the old " General Wayne Tavern," in which Washington slept several times during the Revolutionary War. Earth from Belmont Glen and Belmont Mansion, Fair- mount Park, Philadelphia, the residence of Judge Peters, the friend of Washington. Near the mansion Judge Peters erected a monument in memory of the horses which were starved during the Revolutionary War. He said " the men would be remembered anyhow ; not so the beasts." Earth from " Old Dove Mill," Mill Creek, Lower Merion, Pa., where was made all the early Government paper and United States banknotes. The water-mark of this paper was a dove with an olive branch. 22 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. Earth from grave of General Anthony Wayne, at old St. David's Church, Radnor, Delaware county, Pa. This church was built by the Welsh in 1713, and is the subject of a poem by Longfellow. Stone from Falls of French Creek, Chester County, Pa., where was cast the bell used at Valley Forge and now displayed at the State House, Philadelphia. Revolution- ary cannon were cast in the same furnace. Near by is St. Peter's iron mine. Earth from " Old Grist Mill," Mill Creek, Lower Merion, where John Roberts, the Tory, and the Hessian miller, Fishburn, ground glass in the flour for American soldiers. The plot was discovered in time, and the traitors were hanged in an apple-tree orchard near the mill. Earth from William Penn's 9th milestone, "Old Gulf Road," Lower Merion, Pa., opposite the " Old Penn Gaskill property," the last piece of ground held in Pennsylvania by the Penn family. William Penn's milestones are marked by three balls (apple dumplings), from the Penn coat of arms. This milestone is about a mile from Corn- wallis' headquarters, the old Price mansion. Soil from the " Ford Road," an old Indian trail leading from the Delaware to the Susquehanna, from the point where William Penn crossed the Schuylkill on his way from the Treaty Elm, at Kensington. " Ford Road " is continuous with the " Old Lancaster Road," afterward famous in Revolutionary history. Earth from Black Rocks, Lower Merion, Pa., an old Indian burying-ground, and the last Indian reservation in East- ern Pennsylvania. The Indians from all parts of the State held an annual encampment here until recent years. The reservation is on Mill Creek, near the " Old Gulf Road," immediately adjoining the "Dove Mill " and near the " Grist Mill." Earth from old Christ Church, Philadelphia, built in 1695 by Dr. John Kearsley, the same architect who built the State House. CONTRIBUTIONS. 23 Soil from churchyard in which are buried Governor John Penn, Peyton Randolph, President of First Colonial Con- gress, and General Mercer, who fell at Princeton, N. J. Soil from Seventh and Market streets, Philadelphia, where stood the house in which Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence. Root of Valley Forge Arbutus, the first proposed National flower. Contributed by Miss MARGARET B. HARVEY, Philadelphia, Pa. Soil from field of the Blue Licks, fought on the 19th of August, 1782, the most important battle ever fought in Kentucky between the Indians and the white men. Contributed by MRS. SALLIE M. EWING POPE, State Regent D. A. R. of Kentucky, through the courtesy of Colonel R. T. Dur- rett, Louisville, Ky. Soil from house, still standing, where the wounded victims of the Fort Griswold massacre, who had been paroled, were carried in a wagon and left lying on the bare floor, without a wound being dressed, without refreshment of any kind, throughout the dreadful night of September 6, 1781. " With the morning came relief, and the first who came to give what help she could was Fanny Ledyard, the niece of the murdered Commander of the Fort. From under the windows of that very room wherein those wounded patriots suf- fered throughout that awful night, that room whose oaken floor bears silent witness in the bloodstains still to be seen upon it of the cruelty inflicted and the agony endured, from that house where Fanny Ledyard went ' to do what she could,' a handful of earth has been taken to be deposited at the roots of Califor- nia's Liberty Tree by the Fanny Ledyard Chapter D. A. R. of Groton, Conn." Contributed by the FANNY LEDYARD CHAPTER D. A. R. of Groton, Conn. Earth from grave of Fanny Ledyard, the "ministering angel " at the massacre of Fort Griswold. - Contributed by MRS. HORTENSE D. FISH, Fanny Ledyard Chapter D. A. R., Mystic, Conn. Earth from battle-field of Point Pleasant (now in "West Virginia), October 19, 1774, from grave of General Andrew Lewis, a Brigadier-General of the Revolutionary War, twice wounded at the siege of Fort Necessity, Com- mandant of the troops that drove Lord Dunmore from Gwyn's Island in 1776, and announced his orders of 24 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. attack by himself putting the match to the first gun, an eighteen-pounder. Contributed by MRS. H. M. COCKE and MRS. MARY STUART SMITH, Charlottesville, Va. Soil from grave of Lucretia Shaw, wife of Nathaniel Shaw, Jr., who died December 11, 1781, of malignant fever, contracted while administering to the necessities of re- leased prisoners. Contributed by the LUCRETIA SHAW CHAPTER D. A. R., New London, Conn. Earth from Pequot Swamp, Southport, Conn. Contributed by Miss C. MALVINA BULKLEY. Earth from grave of Colonel Abraham Gold, who was killed at the battle of Ridgefield, April, 1777. Earth from grave of General Gold Selleck Silliman, of Fairfield, Conn., in Continental and State service during the War of the Revolution. Earth from Fairfield Green and site of burned town-house. Contributed by Miss M. C. GOULD, Vice-Regent of Eunice Burr Chapter, and a lineal descendant of Colonel Gold. Earth from Kinzie's Point, Fairfield Beach, where the British, under General Tryon, landed when they burned and devastated Fairfield, July, 1779. Earth from Fort Defence, Southport Harbor, 1813. Contributed by MRS. H. T. BULKLEY, Regent Southport Chap- ter, Southport, Conn. Earth from birth-place (Wallingford, Conn.) of Dr. Lyman Hall, Governor of Georgia. Earth from graves of General Selah Hart, an officer of the Revolution, and Ruth Hart, his wife, who died at the age of 101 years, 2 months, and 16 days. Contributed by the RUTH HART CHAPTER D. A. R., Meri- den, Conn. Soil from Fort Cornwallis and from the White House battle-field (1780), Augusta, Ga.; also from a monument in the same city erected in memory of Hall, Walton, and Guinett, three Signers of the Declaration of Independence. Contributed by AUGUSTA CHAPTER D. A. R., Augusta, Ga. CONTRIBUTIONS. 25 Soil from Winter Hill Fort, Somerville, Mass., memorable as the place of encampment of General Burgoyne and his army after their capture at Saratoga. Soil from grave of Governor John Brooks, who was born in Medford, Mass., May, 1752. He took up arms in defense of his country April 19, 1775, and commanded the regi- ment which first entered the enemy's lines at Saratoga. He was appointed Marshal of the District of Massachu- setts by Washington, and after filling several civil and military offices, was in the year 1816 chosen Governor of the Commonwealth, discharging the duties of that office for seven consecutive years. He died March, 1825, aged 73 years. Earth from the " Washington Elm," Cambridge Common, Cambridge, Mass., where Washington was stationed while his commission was proclaimed to the army of twenty thousand men drawn up on the Common, and under which he first took command of the American Army, July 3, 1775. Soil from Prospect Hill Redoubt, Somerville, Mass., distin- guished in Revolutionary annals from having been occu- pied for some time as the place of encampment of the American troops, after the battle of Bunker Hill. - Contributed by COLONEL SAMUEL C. LAWRENCE, Medford, Mass. Earth from grave of John Sevier, the first Governor of Tennessee, and the hero of over thirty Indian battles ; the projector of the battle of Kings Mountain, one of the most brilliant achievements of the Revolution, and which turned the tide of war in favor of American Independence. Earth from grave of Peter Francisco, who entered the Con- tinental Army at the age of 16 years, and participated in the battles of Stony Point, Brandy wine, and Monmouth ; afterwards going South, was with General Greene at Cowpens, Camden, Guilford Court House, etc., dying in 1836. He was buried with military honors at Rich- mond, Va. 26 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. Earth from grave of General Sir Alexander Spottswood, Colonial Governor of Virginia in 1710. He discovered the beautiful country beyond the Alleghanies. In 1739, when hostilities began against Spain, and soon after against France, he was placed in command of the Colonial troops. In 1740, he was commissioned Major- General, and assigned to command the expedition to the West Indies, and died as he was about to embark. He was buried at "Temple Farm," the former name of Moore House, where, in 1781, the American Revolution came to an end with the capitulation of Lord Cornwallis. General Spottswood's descendants were all soldiers in the Continental Army. Contributed by his great-great-great-granddaughter, MILDRED SPOTTSWOOD MATHES, Memphis, Tenn. Soil from Germantown battle-field ; battle fought October 4, 1777, between the Americans, commanded by General Washington, and the British, under General Howe. Earth from grounds of the Chew mansion (at the time of battle unoccupied), which became the central point of the conflict, and around whose gray-stone walls raged the fierce contest. The house, with bullet-marks in the woodwork, and grounds preserved in their antique form, are still in possession of the Chew family. Contributed by Miss HELENA HUBBELL, Secretary of Phila- delphia (Pa.) Chapter D. A. R., through courtesy of Mrs. Mary I. B. Chew, Cliveden, Germantown. Soil from Rhode Island battle-field. Lafayette is credited with the remark, that " the battle on Rhode Island was the best-fought action of the war." Contributed by MBS. B. F. WILBOUR, Vice-President-General, D. A. R. Soil from grave of George Robert Twelves Hewes, " one of the Indians who destroyed the tea." Born at Boston, August 25, 1742, (Old Style), and died at Richfield Springs, N. Y., in 1841, aged 99 years. The last survivor of the famous " Tea Party." Contributed by his great-grandson, HORACE G. HEWES, Braintree, Mass., and his kinsman, DAVID HEWES, ESQ., San Francisco. CONTRIBUTIONS. 27 Soil from grave of Artemus Ward, first Major-General in the Army of the Revolution ; born at Marlboro, Mass., November 27, 1727, and died at Shrewsbury, Mass., October 27, 1800. Contributed by his great-grandson, D. HENSHAW WARD, Esq., Oakland, Cal. Soil from grave and monument at Brooklyn, Conn., erected to the memory of Israel Putnam, Senior Major-General in the Armies of the United States of America, who was born at Salem, in the Province of Massachusetts, on the 7th day of January, 1718, and died on the 29th day of May, 1790. "Three weeks after the battle of Bunker Hill General Samuel B. Webb wrote from the seat of war, at Cambridge : ' You will find that Generals Washington and Lee are vastly prouder and think higher of Putnam than of any man in the army, and he, truly, is the hero of the day." - Contributed by HON. LUCIUS P. DEMINQ, New Haven, Conn., First President-General of the National Society Sons of the Ameri- can Revolution. Soil from Fort Moultrie, Sullivan's Island, S. C. Contributed by MRS. JOHN BID WELL, Chico, Cal., member of Sequoia Chapter D. A. R. Earth from grave of Captain Noah Robinson, New Hamp- shire Line, Continental Army. Contributed by his son, JOHN R. ROBINSON, San Francisco, member of Cal. Soc. S. A. R. Soil from Acton Monument, erected in memory of Captain Isaac Davis and Privates Abner Hosmerand James Hay- ward, who fell in Concord fight, April 19, 1775. Contributed by COL. A. S. HUBBARD, founder of the California Society Sons of the American Revolution. Earth from Carpenters' Hall, Philadelphia, built in 1770, where in 1774 convened the first Colonial Congress; Peyton Randolph, President; Charles Thomson, Secretary. Soil from Independence Hall ; from Penn's Treaty Tree Park; from Christ Church, Philadelphia, and from grave of Benjamin Franklin in churchyard of Christ Church. Contributed by PENNSYLVANIA SOCIETY OF THE COLO- NIAL DAMES OF AMERICA, Mrs. Jas. B. Coleman, President. 28 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. The soil contributed by the National Society of the Colonial Dames of America was accompanied by the following letter: PHILADELPHIA, January 16, 1894. To THE DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, CALIFORNIA Ladies: It gives me much pleasure to forward you, through Mrs. James Mifflin , of the Society of Colonial Dames of America, historic dust for your contemplated use in planting the Liberty Tree. I send to you earth from Christ Church, the parish planted in 1695, under the provision in the original charter granted by Charles II. to William Penn, providing for a parish of the Church of England in Philadelphia. The present church, which dates from 1725, occupies the site of the original church ; but the present church itself enjoys the distinction of being one of the two churches in America which were the parish churches of George Washington. Washington attended worship in many churches; but the church in Alexandria, Va., was his parish church while in private life, and Christ Church, Philadelphia, was his parish church during the time of his Presidency of the United States, at the beginning of our National Government. Here he and Martha Washington were regular worshippers, and the " Washington pew " is still preserved. But Christ Church was already famous before Washington's Presidency, and he and Martha Washington had often attended worship there, while in Philadelphia during the Revolutionary War. The same bells that still ring for service were tolled a muffled peal when the news arrived from Massachusetts at the beginning of that War, that the British had blockaded the port of Boston. The Rector, the Rev. Dr. Duche, was chaplain of the first Continental Congress, and his successor in the rectorship, Bishop White, was also chaplain of Congress. Continental Congress, in a body, met in the church for a service of fasting and prayer, before the Declaration of Independence; and all the distinguished men of that historic time worshipped here on occasion, as also the men of the Constitutional Convention of 1787, which gave the nation its present Constitution. Many of these men wer members of the Episcopal Church ; but on account of the patriotic position of Christ Church men of other religious bodies attended from time to time during this period. Francis Hopkinson, Secretary of Congress, was a member of the Vestry, a corporation of the church ; Robert Morris, Treasurer of the Revolution, was a regular parishioner, and lies buried under the shadow of the church; Benjamin Franklin was a pew-holder, for six years a member of the Vestry, and a leader in the movement which erected the present spire. His lineal descendant and representative is at the present time a member of our Vestry, and, as you know, the tomb of Franklin, which next to the tomb of Washington at Mount Vernon is the most interesting tomb in our country, is in our churchyard. I send you dust from beside that grave. Betty Ross, who made the first American Flag, was a parishioner of Christ Church. Her house, where the flag was made, is within a few yards of the church, and her pew in the church is kept decorated with a flag placed there by a member of the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution. In our churchyard are buried many officers of the Revolutionary Army the remains of Major-General Lee lying beside one of the church doors. In this church the American Episcopal Church was organized after the Revolution ; here its present Constitution was adopted, and here also the Prayer-Book was adopted. Here lies buried the famous Bishop White, the friend and pastor of Washington. Prominent military and naval officers of the War of 1812 were connected with Christ Church, and in the churchyard are buried General Thomas Cadwalader, Commodore Bainbridge, Biddle, Truxton, and Richard Dale. Soldiers of the Rebellion lie in the same historic spot. In Christ Church Lafayette worshipped on his second visit to America, and persons are still living who remember the event. Here also Henry Clay commonly worshipped when in Philadelphia, and the church has been visited by almost all the distinguished men in the recent history of the country, on account of its unique position, which ranks it with Independence Hall here, and Faneuil Hall, Boston, as one of the great historic sites of our land. Here are noted current historical events by the ringing of the bells a custom CONTRIBUTIONS. 29 kept up from before the Revolutionary War. In accordance with this custom were rung a peal on the first Fourth of July immediately after the old bell at Independence Hall, close by, rang the Declaration of Independence. The crowd came from the hall to Christ Church that day to hear the peal ring in Independence. When the British army occupied the city, Continental Congress, to save these bells, had them taken down and carried with the Liberty Bell to Allentown, Pa. After the evacuation, they were re-hung at the expense of the Continental Congress. Longfellow has immortalized them in the closing scene of his " Evangeline." You will not wonder that it is usually in "Old Christ Church" that the patriotic services of this old Capital of the nation, Philadelphia, are held, on the occasions of the assemblage for worship of the God of our fathers, by the Societies of the Cincinnati, Sons of the Revolution, Colonial Wars, and Colonial Dames. Yours sincerely, C. ELLIS STEVENS, Sector of Christ Church. Soil from grave of General George Rogers Clark in Cave Hill Cemetery, Louisville, Ky. A distinguished officer of the Revolution. Contributed by MRS. FANNY THURSTON BALLARD, Hon- orary Regent D. A. R. for Kentucky. Acorns from the oak trees overhanging the rocks (Oratory Rock) on the spot where Mary Washington was accus- tomed to spend a portion of each day in prayer for the safety of her beloved son, who was perilling his life for his country. Contributed by MRS. MARGARET HETZEL, Clifton Station, Va., Secretary of the Mary Washington Memorial Association. Earth from grave of Captain and brevet Major John Phelan, a distinguished officer of the Massachusetts Line, Conti- nental Army from 1777 to 1781. Member of the Order of the Cincinnati. Died in Baltimore in 1827. Remains removed from Friends' Burying-Ground to Greenmount Cemetery, 1852. Contributed by his grandniece, MRS. REGINA M. KNOTT, Baltimore, Md. Earth and ivy-vine from grave of Charles Carroll of Carroll- ton, the last survivor of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence, whose remains lie in the Catholic Chapel at Donghoregan Manor, the family estate. Contributed by his great-grandson, MR. HARPER CARROLL, of Carrollton. 30 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. Soil from grave of Major Jonathan Nowell in North Ber- wick, Me., a Revolutionary Captain in the 7th Continen- tal Infantry, Massachusetts, and who served on the Board of Selectmen of the town of Berwick, Me., 1771-72-76. Also from grave of Thomas Hobbs, Jr., North Berwick, Me., who was at the first battle of Ticonderoga, about 1757 ; serving also as a Selectman of Berwick, 1771-72- 76-77. Contributed by their great-granddaughters, MRS. CHARLES FERNALD, Santa Barbara, Cal., and MRS. N. W. BLANCHARD, Santa Paula, Cal., members of Sequoia Chapter D. A. R. Soil from grave of General Ichabod Goodwin, South Ber- wick, Me., who was elected delegate to the Provincial Congress, May 29, 1775, afterwards a Major-General in the Provincial Army. Contributed by his great-grandnieces, MRS. CHARLES FER- NALD and MRS. N. W. BLANCHARD. Soil from the grave in Old Town, Md., of her great-great- great-grandfather, Colonel Thomas Cresap, who was bom at Skipton, Yorkshire, Eng., in 1683, and died at Old Town, Md., in 1789. He was a pioneer soldier, surveyor, school trustee and burgess, famous for his bold, adven- turous disposition in dangerous border life, being endowed with the highest courage and fortitude. His name was a household word with the whites and Indians, who called him "Big Spoon," on account of his great hos- pitality. At that time his stronghold at Old Town, Md., Fort Skipton, was the only place of refuge for settlers in all that part of the then frontier. He was an able officer in General Braddock's army, and later an active supporter of the Revolution, giving largely of his great wealth and sending his sons to fight for the cause of freedom. Soil from the grave at Old Town, Md., of her grandfather Lieutenant-Colonel Daniel Cresap, who was born 1753, and died December 3, 1794. He was a Lieutenant in his uncle's (Captain Michael Cresap) battalion of riflemen, and marched to Boston to join General Washington in 1775. He commanded the Militia of Alleghany County, Md., was Lieutenant-Colonel commanding a regiment in CONTRIBUTIONS. 31 General Lee's Army against the " Whiskey Rebellion," and served with distinction throughout the War of the Revolution. Soil from the grave in Trinity Churchyard, New York, of Captain Michael Cresap, son of Colonel Thomas Cresap; born June 29, 1742, died October 18, 1775. He was the first settler on the Ohio, in Kentucky ; built " Red Stone Old Fort," where Brownsville stands, for many years a stronghold of safety for settlers. He was Captain of a rifle company in the Continental Army before Boston, and served as a Captain under command of Lord Dun- more in an expedition against the Indians, in which he eminently distinguished himself. He was buried with military honors in Trinity Churchyard, New York. Contributed by MRS. GEORGIAN A C. ORD HOLLADAY, first Vice-Regent of Sequoia Chapter D. A. R. of San Francisco. Earth from the grave of General Daniel Morgan, in the Presbyterian graveyard at Winchester, Va., who died July 6, 1802, in the 67th year of his age. The military history of this brave commander of the celebrated rifle corps is well known. He was called the " Thunderbolt of War," this brave Morgan, who never knew fear. Contributed by Miss MILDRED O. MATHES, Dolly Madison Chapter, No. 2, Memphis, Tenn. Earth from Wyoming Battle-field and Monument. Contributed by MRS. CLARA RANDLE SPEERS, Dolly Madi- son Chapter, No. 2, Memphis, Tenn. Earth from the grave of Lieutenant-Colonel Peleg Slade, Swansea, Mass. Contributed by his great-grandson, WILLIAM SEWARD FRANKLIN, San Francisco, Cal. The silver trowel used in depositing the earth was presented by Mrs. NATHAN W. BLANCHARD, of Santa Paula, Cal. The handle is of wood from the branch of a tree at Mount Vernon, planted during Washington's time. 32 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. SONG OF THE LIBERTY TREE. Dolly Madison Chapter, No. 2, D, A. R., of Memphis, Tenn., to Sequoia Chapter, of San JFrancisco, Cal., Greeting: See the flaunting flags and pennants In the toying winds released; See the people crowding, crowding From the North and South and East From the nation's mighty highways, As to fete or nuptial feast! For, beside the foam-flecked billows Where the Western gates unfold, Swinging wide that there may enter All the sunlight's slanted gold In this wonderland of Promise Lo, a carnival we hold! Carnival of peace perpetual, Love's triumphant jubilee; And as pledge to unborn cycles Deep we plant this slender tree, Consecrating leaves and branches With the legend " Liberty." Count thyself, O proud Sequoia! Blessed above the forest vast, For we give safe in thy keeping All the record of the past, Of the days when England trembled At the patriots' trumpet blast. For although thy stem is reaching Upward in the azure glow, And thy arms point down the future Where the star-eyed blossoms blow, Deep thy roots strike in the ashes Of the storied Long Ago. Ashes of the old-time splendor When our fathers conquered Might; Dust of heroes brave who perished Nobly striving for the right, Gathered from far fields of battle Where the war star glittered bright. SONG OF THE LIBERTY TREE. 33 Gathered that Columbia's daughter Born beside the Western sea, Might have share in all our glory As she shares our loyalty, And in soil by heroes hallowed Set her sign of fealty. Round thee, O thou forest giant ! Brooding memories ever throng ; Martial echoes haunt thy branches With an unforgotten song Drawn up through the golden sunlight From the dust that slumbered long. For each clod that feeds thy fibers As thou climbest to the sun Holds its story of a struggle When the Nation's life begun. List, O world, and hear the branches Sing the deeds of valor done! Faint at first, like prelude swelling From the tree's green ambuscade, Sweeping grandly from the old days Comes the furious fusillade, When on Lexington's broad common Was unsheathed the first red blade. Songs of Trenton and of Princeton Other limbs are chanting shrill; Rapturous roar from Saratoga Which nor time nor space can still Blend with requiems for the fallen Stricken low on Bunker Hill. Here, a bough is telling over How McDowell's gallant line, With a fortitude unfailing, Climbed King's Mountain's steep incline; There, another whispers alway Of historic Brandywine. Hark! from that green twig that dances High up in the glinting sun Marion's bugle-horn is winding O'er the fields his valor won; While from yon branch, downward drooping, Booms Moll Pitcher's trusty gun. 34 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. Higher yet a bough is reaching Like a banner brave and bright, Tossing all its glancing tendrils In the sea of crystal light, Chanting Yorktown's crowning triumph With a cry of glad delight. Oh, each branch has caught its story From the dust its roots among, And aroused by wind-blown kisses All the tree wakes into song, Shouting psalms to Peace and Freedom, Which the flying winds prolong. And the anthem upward swelling Seems like twilight hymn of rest To the love-birds who have builded On the topmost bough their nest Coo of doves half drown the war-cries On the slender, swaying crest. O ye boughs that hold in keeping Fame of many a hard-fought fray ! Ye shall lift the story upward Till the stars their homage pay Drooping low their golden torches Where the darkness meets the day. Tree of Liberty thus planted In the soil where patriots trod, Thou shalt blossom through the ages, Like the prophet's wondrous rod: As a covenant majestic Stand thou twixt our souls and God! SARA BEAUMONT KENNEDY. Memphis, Tenn. [TRANSLATION.] J. OLLIVIER BEAUREGARD Successeur de M. J. Marechal 101 Rue de Lille PARIS, January 8, 1894. I, undersigned, Mandatory of the Pro- prietors of the Oratory of Picpus and of the Cemetery of Picpus, hereby authorize Mr. Paul Desormeaux, Surveyor-General of the Cemeteries of the City of Paris, to take from the tomb of General Lafayette the quantity of earth which he will deem necessary to be forwarded to San Fran- cisco, to the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution, for the purpose of planting therein a Liberty Tree, con- secrated to the heroes of the American Revolution. The Guardian of the Cemetery is here- by authorized to allow the taking and removal of the said earth. [SIGNED] J. 0. BEAUREGARD. [TRANSLATION.] R^publique Frangaise Libert^ Egalite" Fraternite Prefecture du De"partement de la Seine Direction des Affaires Municipales 2 e Division 2 e Bureau This twentieth day of January, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-four, at ten o'clock A. M., at the Cemetery of Picpus, Picpus street, No. 35, Paris, with the authorization of Mr. Beau- regard, Mandatory of the Proprietors of the Cemetery of Picpus; in the presence of Mr. de Corcelles, representing the family of General de Lafayette, and under the direction of Mr. Paul Desormeaux, Surveyor-General of the Cemeteries of the City of Paris, delegated to that effect by the Prefect of the Department of the Seine, there was taken from the sepulchre of General de Lafayette a quantity of earth, which was placed in a metallic casket ; the same was there and then closed and sealed with the seal of the City of Paris. The casket was then placed in a wood- en box, to be forwarded to the Consul of France at San Francisco, under the care of the Minister of the Interior. In witness thereof have signed : [SIGNED] CORCELLES, DESORMEAUX. PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. 37 PLANTING THE LIBERTY TREE. BY HELEN SATTEBLEE FRENCH. As when, adown some lofty glittering height, Jeweled with glaciers, the rushing rills In sunlit shade or softly shadowed light Blend in one stream that all the mighty chasm fills While virgin forests ring and trembling echo thrills Sprung from one fountain, nourished at one heart, Leaping, as children at one mother's side, Until some granite island cleaves apart The noble stream whose foaming waves divide, Forgetful of the ties that once allied With angry babbling, and with ominous roar, Fated to follow down the earth's resistless trend, Predestined, after the mad strife is o'er, In sacred Union never more to end Again in one vast glorious surge to blend So fared our Nation. Thus came Cavalier, Exile, and stalwart Puritan, each urged On by a mighty impulse, dominant, sincere. Diverse in custom, lineage, and creed, they merged All in one bloody baptism, while surged Red waves of war, billows of patriot blood, Until, victorious o'er the Tyrant's hireling horde, Those billows overwhelmed them as a flood, While conquering heroes, sheathing the triumphant sword, "Glory unto the Lord of Hosts," proclaimed with one accord. Thus, ere the century had grown ripe and old, One frowning Rock arose and barred the way. Oh! let not here that history be told, How fierce the struggle, deadly the affray Alas! that haunting dream ! that mournful day! A mightier Will than will of mortal man, A Voice, whom angry seas of old obeyed, Spake, " Peace ! Ye dare not thwart the Eternal Plan," And, on that barrier His Rod He laid; It sank from sight ; the stream one channel made. And while we now stand by the Occident Shore, Warm in every vein, tumultuously thrilling, Runs the patriot blood of our sires of yore, While we ponder the lesson they died instilling 290969 38 PLANTING OF THE LIBERTY TREE. We raise here no altar to human pride, We pour out the wine of no vain oblation; While we chant the glory of those who died Let us live our lives for the Life of the Nation While in names of our fathers we firmly stand For laws that to all yield a swift redress Guard our children's rights from an alien band Grant a purer People a purer Press Then what shall we plant for our Liberty Tree? Oh ! say what our symbol of Freedom shall be ! Shall Southern Palmetto or Pine of the North Bear our Standard of Liberty now and henceforth f Let its roots lie deep in the mountain's breast; It must tower like a monarch above the rest ; Till it counts its cycles where men count years ; It must stand till the Prince of Peace appears. The Palmetto quivers and droops her head ; The Pine-Tree shivers and stands as dead ; Thou alone, finite type of infinity, Sequoia, we hail Thee our Liberty Tree You have heard how they cast our Liberty Bell And the Nation murmured, 'Tis well! 'tis well ! Let them give of their best, both of silver and gold, As they gave in Colonial Days of Old. But a nobler type is this living Tree, For a growing thing should our emblem be That incorporates into its tissue and food All grosser things and makes them good. And, lifting them up to a higher plane Adds a sweeter note to the grand refrain. In thy branches shelter the nesting-birds While the winds sing ever their songs without words. We welcome the lesson, dear Country of ours, That, from Nature's decay spring her loveliest flowers, And, though lowly and ignorant, poor and oppressed, We fear not earth's millions that seek here for rest. Let their strong life thrill in thy branch and leaf ; Lift them up from bondage, and shame, and grief; In thy nobler part, they shall share at length, And gratefully yield thee their cruder strength. O Liberty Tree ! was Thy Day foretold By the Seer of Patmos in days of old ? Are Thy healing leaves for the earth's deep grief? Is Thy balm distilled for a world's relief? PLANTING OP THE LIBERTY TREE. 39 Then rise, Sequoia ! from low estate, Till you look on the Ocean, the Golden Gate ! For never grew Tree so grandly fed From the mingled dust of a Nation's Dead ! Then come to the Planting ! Shall we bid you in vain T Bring the sacred dust that you guard in your border ! From Plymouth, or Richmond, Savannah, or Maine. Sequoia shall stand here henceforward as warder. O Lexington ! spare but a handful of earth From that sacred field of song and story When re-incarnated Freedom found birth And the Page of our History glows with glory. Was it true? that weird legend a Hawthorne told On that April Morning so long ago ? How a Champion Gray in quaint dress of old From his cerements rose to confront the foe As he faced the Andros long before, Till the craven shrunk appalled away ? That at Freedom's call he will walk once more ? Then welcome ! O Champion ! Rise to-day ! ! And you, O Monseigneur ! most honored guest ! Consul of France, whose presence crowns our day ! Take not our words alone, but what is unexpressed Lest language fail our feeling to convey Tell her oh ! tell the Land of Lafayette, We send her greeting from our sunset sea ; Tell her Columbia never can forget Her priceless gift, her ancient sympathy. Tell her oh ! tell the Land of Lafayette This precious dust we deem a holy thing, And that, perchance, around it lingers yet Some sacred spark, some influence doth cling. Then, should a later age unworthy grow. Let danger threaten or should friends forsake, Again, in hour of peril meet our foe, O precious dust of Lafayette ! awake ! Until, beside the Nation's eastern porch Where stands Bartholdi's Statue, cherished gift of France, Shall flame triumphant, Freedom's deathless torch, Lighting the stately progress of the World's Advance! ! SACRED TO THE LIBERTY AND THE RIGHTS OF MANKIND!!! THE FREEDOM AND INDEPENDENCE OF AMERICA, SEALED AND DEFENDED WITH THE BLOOD OF HER SONS. THIS MONUMENT is ERECTED BY THE INHABITANTS OF LEXINGTON, UNDER THE PATRONAGE AND AT THE EXPENSE OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS, TO THE MEMORY OF THEIR FELLOW CITIZENS, ENSIGN ROBERT MONROE, AND MESSRS. JONAS PARKER, SAMUEL HADLEY, JONATHAN HARRINGTON, JUNR., ISAAC MUZZY, CALEB HARRINGTON, AND JOHN BROWN, OF LEXINGTON, AND ASAHEL PORTER, OF WOBURN, WHO FELL ON THIS FIELD, THE FIRST VICTIMS TO THE SWORD OF BRITISH TYRANNY AND OPPRESSION, ON THE MORNING OF THE EVER MEMORABLE NINETEENTH OF APRIL, AN. DOM. 1775. THE DIE WAS CAST ! ! ! THE BLOOD OF THESE MARTYRS IN THE CAUSE OF GOD AND THEIR COUNTRY WAS THE CEMENT OF THE UNION OF THE STATES, THEN COLONIES, AND GAVE THE SPRING TO THE SPIRIT, FIRMNESS, AND RESOLUTION OF THEIR FELLOW CITIZENS. THEY ROSE AS ONE MAN TO REVENGE THEIR BRETHREN'S BLOOD, AND AT THE POINT OF THE SWORD TO ASSERT AND DEFEND THEIR NATIVE RIGHTS. THEY NOBLY DARED TO BE FREE ! ! THE CONTEST WAS LONG, BLOODY, AND AFFECTING. RIGHTEOUS HEAVEN APPROVED THE SOLEMN APPEAL; VICTORY CROWNED THEIR ARMS; AND THE PEACE, LIBERTY, AND INDEPENDENCE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA WAS THEIR GLORIOUS REWARD. INSCRIPTION ON THE LEXINGTON MONUMENT. 3 I X H o 3 HERE ON THE 19 OP APRIL 1775 WAS MADE THE FIRST FORCIBLE RESISTANCE TO BRITISH AGGRESSION. ON THE OPPOSITE BANK STOOD THE AMERICAN MILITIA. HERE STOOD THE INVADING ARMY, AND ON THIS SPOT THE FlRST OF THE ENEMY FELL, IN THE WAR OF THAT REVOLUTION WHICH GAVE INDEPENDENCE TO THESE UNITED STATES. IN GRATITUDE TO GOD, AND IN THE LOVE OF FREEDOM, THIS MONUMENT WAS ERECTED A. D. 1836. INSCRIPTION ON THE OLD MONUMENT AT THK NORTH BRIDGE, CONCORD. - of /iDanagement MARY E. ALVORD, MABY LYNDE CRAIG, GEORGIANA C. O. HOLLADAY, HELEN SATTERLEE FRENCH, L. E. A. HORSBURGH, LEONTINE SPOTTS KEENEY, ALMA PRISCILLA ALDEN, ELLEN M. COLTON, MATTIE SPOTTS BLAKEMAN, ADELE CHRETIEN, S. ISABELLE HUBBARD, HELEN C. THORNTON, FLORENCE C. MOORE. State fficers, 1893*94 Mrs. LELAND STANFORD, . . . . Honorary Vice-President National Society Mrs. VIRGINIA KNOX MADDOX, .... State Regent Mrs. WILLIAM ALVORD, .... Honorary State Regent Mrs. DAVID D. COLTON, .... Honorary State Regent Mrs. A. S. HUBBARD, . Delegate to Continental Congress fffcers of Sequoia Chapter FANNY WATTS BANCROFT, Regent ELLEN MERRILL WETHERBEE, Vice-Regent ALMA PRISCILLA ALDEN, Recording Secretary ADELE CHRETIEN, Corresponding Secretary ELIZABETH M. JONES, Treasurer MARY M. BRANCH, Registrar ELLEN STONE BAKER, Historian 3Boar& of /IDanaoement FANNY WATTS BANCROFT, ELLEN STONE BAKER, ELLEN MERRILL WETHERBEE, G. C. ORD HOLLADAY, ALMA PRISCILLA ALDEN, LEONTINE S. KEENEY, ADELE CHRETIEN, MATTIE S. BLAKEMAN, ELIZABETH M. JONES, L. E. A. HORSBUROH, MARY M. BRANCH, ELIZA S. TALLANT, HELEN C. THORNTON. ALVOBD, Mra. WM. ALDEN, Miss ALMA P. BLAKEMAN, Mrs. T. Z. BLACKWELL, Mrs. WM. E. BIDWELL, Mrs. JOHN BAKER, Mrs. L. L. BRANCH, Mrs. L. C. BLANCHARD, Mrs. N. W. BANCROFT, Mrs. A. L. BARSTOW, Mrs. EMILY E. BROWN, Mrs. CYRUS E. CRAIG, Mrs. SCIPIO COLTON, Mrs. DAVID D. CRUX, Mrs. GEORGH A. CHIPMAN, Miss FANNIE J. CHIPMAN, Miss ALICE M. CHRETIEN, Mrs. J. M. CHURCH, Mrs. THOMAS R. CARR, Mrs. WM. B. FRENCH, Mrs. FRANK J. FERNALD, Mrs. CHARLES FARNHAM, Mrs. CHARLES W. GOODRICH, Mrs. S. L. KNOX GOODSELL, Mrs. D. C. M.* HOLLADAY, Mrs. S. W. HOLLADAY, MlSS LOUISE O. HEWES, Mrs. DAVID* HORSBURGH. Mrs. D. W. HUBBARD, Mrs. A. S. JONES, Miss ELIZABETH M. JOUETT, Mrs. C. H. KEENEY, Mrs. CHARLES M. LYNDE, Mrs. NANCY M. LUSSON, Mrs. P. M. MOORE, Mrs. J. W. MOORE, Mrs. ALFRED S. MOORE, Mrs. ARTHUR W. MclvER, Mrs. GEO. W. MARTIN, Mrs. HENRY MCLEAN MADDOX, Mrs. VIRGINIA KNOX MADDUX, Mrs. J. L. MADDUX, Miss L. L. MOODY, Mrs. JOSEPH L. NOBLE, Miss FLORIDE OLNEY, Miss ELEANOR D. STANFORD, Mrs. LELAND SMEDBERG, Mrs. WILLIAM R. SMEDBERG, Miss CORA SARGENT, Mrs. A. A. STAPLES, Mrs. D. J. SEWALL, Mrs. HAROLD M. THORNTON, Mrs. CRITTENDEN THOMPSON, Mrs. THOMAS L. TURRILL, Mrs. MARY H. S. TRIPP, Mrs. JOSEPH TALIAFERRO, Miss MARY C. TALLANT, Mrs. JOHN D. VAN WYCK, Mrs. S. M. VAN WYCK, Miss CLARA C. WRIGHT, Mrs. SELDEN S. WETHERBEE, Mrs. HENRY WILLIAMS, Mrs. EDWARD WARDWELL, Mrs. E. M. Deceased. 7413 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY This book is DUE on the last date stamped below 4MMA rm L-9 i -2, '43 (5203) 2220M UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES E 202.5 C14S4