lasif^BasaHfi ^-"^^ northed; i)"s i# DOTATION AND. PRONU^tiATlO^ EXERCISES. % NEW Y6RK; A. S. BABNES & BXTIiE, rpnusiiEiig OF TUE NATIONAI. SKRIES OF STANDARH Sf HO^'T- '■• "iK,-: ^• .')l Axn iVS John Stkek.', ■^■•> 1 s* < ' // ■' \ \ y TEACHER'S AND SCHOLAR'S HAND-BOOK. PKOPER rOSITION. IMPKOPEU rOSITIOIf. PKOPER POSITION. IMPIiOP£K POSITION, EXERCISES DICTATION AND PRONUNCIATION; CONTAININO A LAEQE NUMBER OF THE MOST DIFFICaLT WORDS IN THE LANGUAGE, INCLUDING NEARLY THREE HUNDRED MILITARY AND WAR TERMS, TOGETHER WITH A VARIETY OF USEFUL LESSONS. BY CHARLES NORTHEND, A.M., ACTUOB OF "TEAOHEE AND PARENT," " TEACHEE's ASSISTANT," ETO. NEW YORK: A. S. BARN'ES & BURR, 51 JOHJiT-STREET. CHICAGO: GEOKGK SHERWOOD. 1805. Entered according to Act of Congress, in Uie year 1S6S, By a. S. BARNES &. BURR, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of tlie Unfted States for \i\* Southern District of Now York. KKNNIK, SlIKA A I,lNnSAY, q^q ^. WOOn, Printer. r.EKOTVPKKB «ND ElBCTBOTY PKES, j,^, g Dutch-8t., N. Y. 81, 83 A 85 (!entue-Sibeet, NEW YORK, INTKODUCTION. In making this volume, it lias not been tlie aim of the author to furnish a substitute for the Bpelling-book, but rather to j^repare an accom- paniment to it, for the use of the higher classes in our schools. In itself, the exercise of spelling is not a very attractive one, and conducted as it too often is, it becomes very dull and monoto- nous. It is confidently believed that the ar- rangement of this book, and a due observance of the " Hints on Spelling," will do much to give the subject practical importance, and at the same time invest it with interest. In the several collections, or groupings of words, the author has endeavored to bring to- gether the most prominent words in each de- partment, and, by a few suggestive questions, to give a practical bearing to the subjects, and make them the media of much useful informa- tion. For most of the reading and spelling exer- cises in the middle of the book, under the head INTRODL'CTIOX. of " Miscellaneous AVords," the author Avould acknowledge his indebtedness to a work* for- merly published by A. S. Barnes & Co., and which he has been allowed to use freely. The work is commended to teachers and com- mittees, with the firm belief that its careful use will do much to secure i3roliciency in the branch under consideration, and at the same time at- tach to it an interest and importance not here- tofore felt. The various miscellaneous exercises in the book will, it is believed, readily conmiend them- selves to teachers, and open a wide field for much general instruction in every-day matters, and thus make the W'Ork a desirable one as a basis of many useful Object Lessons. The skill- ful teacher will readily extend and expand the various subjects presented. New Britain, Ct., Jan. 1, 18G2. * "The Orthoepist," by J. 11. Martiu. CONTENTS. PAOI Hints on Spelling y Kules for tlie use of Capitals 17 Kules for Spelling 18 Words similar in Pronunciation, but dissimilar in Spelling and Cleaning 22 "Words pronounced nearly alike, but difiering in Spelling and Meaning 84 Words of Two Pronunciations 41 Synonyms 42 Words of Special Eesemblance 52 Words varying in use 53 Words liable to be misspelled _. . . 55 Christian Names of Males 56 Christian Names of Females 57 Occupations, Professions, &c 58 Animals 59 Birds 60 Fishes, Bivalves, and Keptilcs 61 Trees 61 Flowers, Koots, and Shrubs 62 Productions of the Farm and Garden 63 Agricultural Implements, &c 63 Furniture and Articles of Household use 64 Arithmetic 65 Grammar 65 Geography 66 Philosophy 66 Botany 67 Physiology 68 Forms or Shapes 63 Books, &c 69 Wearing Apparel 69 Miscellaneous Articles of a Variety Store 70 Architecture 70 6 CONTENTS. PAea Military Terms 72 Terms relating to Goveiniuent, &c 74 Origin of Words '. 75 Articles of Hardware 70 Plurals of Nouns 80 Boats, and parts of a Ship 83 A. The Excursion 92 B. Tlie Banquet Hall 09 C. An Overland Journey to California 107 D. The Daguerrian Gallery 115 E. The French President 120 F. The Fete Champetre in Paris 123 G. The Man in the Eailroad Car 127 H. Thelnvslid 130 I. Kailroad to the Pacific 134 J. & K. The Artist 138 It, Congress 142 M. The British Museum 150 IV.- The Naive Young Man 156 O. Greenwood Cemetery 160 P. The Menagerie 173 Q. The Emigrant 180 R. The Pvostaurant 1S6 S. Books 200 T. The Lunatic Asylum 210 U. The Louvre in I'aris 215 V. The Louvre, continued 221 Y. Z. i achting 225 Marine Journal 227 Keview of the Market 233 Monetary Aliairs 236 Exports 238 Productions of the Earth 240 Prefixes 242 AflBxes or Terminations 245 The State Mottoes 248 Abbreviations 249 Proof Marka 253 HINTS TO TEACHERS, In teaching -Spelling, the instructor should aim to give interest to the exercise by frequently va- rying the mode of conducting the same. But whatever course is pursued, the two following di- rections should be strictly adhered to : — 1. Pronounce the word distinctly; just as it would be pronounced by a good reader or speaker, with no undue emphasis upon any letter or syl- lable. 2. Allow the pupil to try once, only, on a word ; as all beyond will be merely guessing. In order to secure the pei'fect attention of a class, and at the same time awaken an interest in the exercise, the following hints, which were first given by the author of this, in another work,"'* may be found useful : — 1. Bead a short sentence distinctly, and re- quire every word to be spelt by the class, — the first scholar pronouncing and spelling the first word, the next scholar the second, and so on, un- til all the words in the sentence have been spelt, After a little practice in this method, scholars will be able to go through with quite long sen- » " The Teacher and Parent." 10 MINTS TO TEACHERB. tenceS) with a good degree of accuracy and pi'ompt- ness. Many valuable truths and proverbs may in this way be impressed upon the mind, while atten- tion is more directl}" given to orthography. The following may be samples : — A good scholar v/ill be industrious and obe- dient. If sinners entice thee, consent thou not. Take care of the minutes, and the hours will take care of themselves. A soft answer turneth away wrath. 2. It will be well, often, to make all the mem- bers of a class feel responsible for the accurate spelling of each and every word If the first member of a class misspells the word given to him, let the teacher proceed and give out the next W^ord, without intimating whether the first was correctly or incorrectly spelt. If the second scholar thinks the first word was not correctly spelt, he will spell it instead of the one given to him ; and so on, through the class, each being expected to correct any error that may have been committed. If the first spells a word wrong, and no one corrects it, let all be charged with a failure. This method will amj)ly compen- sate for its frequent adoption. We will now proceed to speak of some points in relation to the mode of conducting an exer- cise with the slate. Most experienced teachers have, latterly, often adopted the plan of writing words ; but, lor the benefit of others, we will specify one or two modes. Let the teacher select words from some studied exercise, either in the reading-book or Bpelling-book, 'pronounce them distinctly, allow- HINTS TO TEACHERS. i\ ing time, after eacli Word, for all to -write it legihly, After all the words have been given out, each slate may be examined separately and all errors noted ; or, the members of a class may exchange slates, and each examine his companion's slate,-— while the teacher spells the words correctly,— and mark the number wrong upon each slate. Or, instead of either of these, the instructor may call upon some one to spell a word as he has written it, and then request those who have written differently to signify it by raising the hand. Keither of these methods will consume much time, and either of them will be preferable to the oral method. It wall sometimes be the case, that scholars ■will prove themselves quite expert in spelling long or difficult v/ords, and yet make sad mis- takes in spelling those that are shorter, and apparently much easier. To remedy this, it will be well, occasionally, to read slowly an entire stanza or paragraph, and require the members of a class to write the same upon their slates. This course has its advantages. Again, it is frequently the case that scholars are exceedingly deficient in ability to spell the names of countries, states, counties, towns, moun- tains, rivers, individuals, etc. Any teacher, who has not exercised his pupils on such words, will be astonished at the number and nature of the errors that will be committed by a class on the first trial. Let teachers who have overlooked words of this description, in conducting the spell- ing exercise, commence by requesting their pu- pils to write all the Christian names of their schoolmates, the names of the counties in their native State, tov/ns in the county, and States in 12 HINTS TO TfiACflERS. the Union. Though the result, at first, niay be neither very Satisftxctorj nor gratifying, the plan, if frequently adopted, will cause much improve* ment. It may be profitable, som.etimes, to request the members of a class to select, from a certain number of pages in a book, some ten or twelve words, which may geem to them of most diffi* cult orthographical construction, which shall, subsequently, be given to the class as a spelling exercise. The prominent advantage in this plan results from the fact that each scholar will, in searching for a few words, notice the orthography of a much larger number, — -selecting such only as appear to him peculiarly difficult. In this way pupils will, unconsciously as it Were, study with mterest a lesson in itself unattractive to them. Favorable results will attend such a course. If a schoohroom is well furnished with black* boards, the words or sentences for the spelling exercises may be written on them. In this case, it may be well to have the exercise occur dur* ing the last half*hour of the day. Let the scholars be required to write the words, legibly, as soon as pronounced by the teacher. After all have Vv^ritten, let the teacher examine the Work, and draw a line over such words as are incorrectly written, and request that all errors be corrected immediately afler school is dismissed. It is very important that pupils should be re* quired to write all such exercises in a neat and distinct manner. At times it may be well to require scholars to divide the words into their appropriate sylla- bles and to designate the accented syllable of HINTS TO TEACHERS. 13 each word ; as, an-ni-ver^-sa-rj, me-men'-to, la'- bor, la-bo'-ri'ous. Occasionally this may be ex- tended by requiring a complete analysis of the whole word, including, beside the above, the names and sounds of the several letters, the vowels, con- sonants, labials, dentals, etc. Another method of conducting the exercise of spelling is the following, — and we may add, that, for more advanced schools, it possesses some ad- vantages over either of the others named. Let the teacher write, legibly upon the blackboard, some twenty or more difficult words, and allow them to remain long enough to be carefully studied by the school. A few minutes before the close of the school, let all the words be re- moved from the board. Now let each scholar put aside his books, and provide himself with a narrow slip of paper. At the top of this, or upon one ^de, let him write his name, and then the words, as dictated by the instructor. After all have written the list of words that had previ- ously been placed upon the blackboard, let the slips be collected, and taken by the teacher, who may himself, aided perhaps by some of his best spellers, examine the slips, and mark those wrong upon each. At some hour of the next day, let the teacher read the result to the whole school, stating the number of errors committed by the several pupils ; after which, the papers may be returned for correction. We will suppose, for illustration, that, on some day, the teacher gives out the names of the months, days of the week, and seasons of the year ; and that the following is a sample of one of the papers, as returned by the teacher, with errors mai-ked : 14 UIXTS TO TKAClIEKf5. AMOS MASON. Eleven Errors. January. Febenvary.* March. Septerabur.* Octobur.* Novembur.* Thnrsdaj. Friday. Sateriay.* Api'il. May. June. July. August. Decembur.* Sundy.* Monddy.* Tuesday. "Wensday.* Spring. Suiner.'* Autum.* Winter. In conducting tliis exercise, let the teacher insist npon perfect distinctness in the writing of the words, and let it be understood that every letter not perfectly plain will be considered as w^rong, and marked accordingly. It will bo readily seen that a little skill, on the part of the teacher, in the selection of words, will make this a highly useful and interesting exercise ; and the time for the announcement of the nu^mber of errors will be looked for with interest. An attractive method, which may answer for oral or written spelling, is the following. The instructor pronounces a word, which is to be spelt by the first in the class, who will im- mediately name another, commencing with the final letter of the first word, which is to be spelt by the next scholar ; and he, in turn, wiU name another word, and so on, through the class. If the words are to be written upon the slate, the same course may be taken, as to naming of words. Let us take, for illustration, tbc follow- ing words : — Commotion. Language. CircLinstuncca. Nourishment. Endeavor. Svn»['alh7. Theoretical. Khetoric. VcUo-.v. Lttbiul. Calorio. Wiiarkri:,g. HIXTS TO TEACUERE. 15 All exercise of this kind will have its peculiar advantages, the more prominent of which will be, the awakening of thought and interest. After a little practice, the members of a class will be able to name words with a great degree of promptness ; and an exercise of this kind will be made highly interesting and profitable. In giving out long words it may be well, at times, to let the pupils spell by each giving a letter in its order, or pronouncing a sjdlable when finished For example, let us take the word or- t/io'jraphy. You pronounce the word and the whole class repeats it. In rapid succession the pupils spell thus, the figure indicating the num- ber of pupil: 12 3 4 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 IJ 13 0-r — or — t-h-o-g — thog — orthog' — r-a — ra — or- 14 15 16 17 thogi'a-p-h-j' — phy — orthography (by whole class.) Another method which has its advantages is the following. Let the teacher dictate some thirty or forty words to a class, requiring the members to write them upon their slates. These words are to be carefully examined and studied by the pupils, who are also to be required to incorporate each word into a sentence, which shall illustrato^ its meaning and show that it is under- stood bpthem. After these sentences have* been read, and erased irom the slates, let the words be again dictated, to be written and examined with special reference to, the orthograph}-. An exercise of this kind will answer Yery well to fill up time that would otherwise be unimproved. The words may be given on one afternoon, and the written exercises and the spelling receive attention on the next afternoon. 16 IIIXTS TO TKACHEUS. It will be well if the teacher will have a small blank-book in which to write such words as are frequently misspelt, or such as are not of very common occurrence, and make use of these words for the method above mamed. Another method, and the last we shall name, is the following, which may prove very useful in the higher classes of most schools. Let the teacher pronounce to a class several words of difficult or- thography, or short sentences containing such words, the pupils writing the same upon their slates as fast as dictated. After the desired num- ber of words and sentences has been written, the instructor may address his class as follows : ' Scholars, the words and sentences which I have just pronounced may require from you some study. Examine them carefully, ascertain the correct spelling and meaning of each ; and when you have studied them sufficiently, erase them from your slates. To-morrow I shall give you the same exercise, and shall then expect you to write them accurately.' Let us suppose that the following words and sentences should be given for an exercise of this kind : Aeronaut. Acoustics. Hem'i mien. All day long the cobbler plies his aivl. It will not do to alter the jDOsition of the altar in the church. The red a7it is very troublesome to my aunt The augur could not tell the carpenter who had stolen his auger. If augkt can be done to relieve the sufferer, it ought to be done immediately. /Y/ point out to you the stranger from the Me of Wight, as he walks up the aisle of the church. As the ark floated along, it described an arc of a large circle. William would not assent to the proposition to make the ascent of the mountain on foot. James ate eight apples which caused his sickness. Tlie master hade the had boy remain after school. The thief who stole a hale of goods, being unable to procure hail^ was sent to jail. The Turkish Bey stood upon the shore as we embarked upon the bright waters of the hay. I heard the boy hawl, "Look out, the hall will hit you." I could not hear to see the hear seize him by the hare arm. Though not a hase man, he was a good hass singer. A row oiheech trees ran parallel to the heacli. As he was gathering a flower, he chanced to he stung by a hee. The farmer heats the boy because he refuses to weed the heets. The girls were pla}nug at battledoor, while the 24 SIMILAR WORDS. heaux were amusing themselves with their hows and arrows. I have been down cellar to see the new coal lin. The wind Mew away the boy's blue cap. The body of the ieer-maker was borne upon a hier to the cemetery. The hell is ringins; the marriao;e chimes of the village helle. If you bury this herry in the ground it will grow. Being weary, I retired to my berth in the vessel which was bearing me to the land of my birth. After making a bight in a rope, the sailor took a bite of bread. With a polite boiu, the boy gave his teacher a hough of apple blossoms. He was borne to that country from whose bourn no traveler returns. We found it difficult to break a path through the tangled brake. They were bred to household duties, and knew how to make bread. While the man hreivs ale, the boys bruise the apples. The rabbits' burrow is near the center of the horough. All the goods were saved but a butt of wine which stood in the cellar. Did you buy anything of the pedlar who stands hy the gate? The bowls were filled with the bolls of the plants. The soldier observing the danger thrust the breech of his gun through the breach in the levee. The fisherman paid so much for his bait^ that he could not afford to bate the price of his fish. SIMILAR WORDS. 25 Canon an ordiuance of the church, should be distinguished from cannon, a piece of ordnance. They would not casi aside the strong feelings of caste. With his casque upon his head, he stood upon an empty cask. As he was sealing his letter, the ceiling of the ro<>m fell. At the session of the Legislature, the proper ces' sion of the territory will be made. They choose not to admit him to the school be- cause he chews tobacco. I was speaking of a cord of wood, and not of a musical chord. In the last clause of the paragraph,you will find a description of the eagle's claws. Though I threatened to cite him before a magis- trate, he fixed upon a site, and began to build even in my sight. After the close of school, the children played until they had soiled their cbthes. The corse was borne in a coarse coffin along its winding course to its burial. The apples were not sound at the core. He commanded a fine coj-jys of soldiers. You should not attempt to cozen your cousin. In sailing up the creek, the vessel struck a rock with such force as to make the timbers creak. The old gentleman with a (jueue will give you a cue to the matter. I visited the capitol at the national ca^/taZ during the session of Congress, ■J'he iarmer would not cede a rod of land on which the seed might be sown, ^\iQ seller of the goods kept them in a damp cellar 3 20 SIMILAR WORDS. Mary was sent to give a cent to the organ- grinder, and she said the scent of tobacco, as slie approached the man, was very strong. The two deer which he bou2;ht and sent to me were considered too dear. The Dane would not deign to fight the coward. The plants were moistened by the deio. The mechanic should receive all that is due him. I have done what I could to match the dun col- ored ribbon. The man promised to dye the cloth within a week, if his foreman did not die of the fever. The dyer gave an account of a dire accident in his shop. The dough was ready for the oven, when the sportsmen brought in a fine doe. Dost thou know that the atmosphere is full of dust ? He paid a draclvm for his morning dram. After taking a draught of water, he took the draft to the bank. He would fain drive them from the fane, in which they feign to worship God. She made a feint of feeling faint. As the weather vfnsfair^ we paid our fare and started on our journey. It was not my fate to be present at the fete. It is no easy feat to jump ten feet. The felloe* of the wheel was broken by a drunken fclloiv. 1 told my father that I could not walk any farther. 'Felly, is now more common. SIMILAR WORDS. 27 The wicked jlee when no man pursueth The fiea is a troublesome insect. The bird fiew up the Jlae of the chimney. The two yore feet of that horse, and, indeed, the ■whole four^ are badly formed. During the foul weather they shot many water fowl On the fourth day they went forth to meet him. It was not his forte to take charge of a fort. He used a very singular phrase in speaking of the angry frays he witnessed. I thought he would freeze while working upon the frieze of the building. We found 'the furs of the rabbit among the thick furze. William walked through the gate at a very rapid gait. The gilt frame found in his possession was suffi- cient evidence of his guilt. It was a great satisfaction to get near the grate^ •which was filled with burning coal. You can do it with greater ease by using a grater. The groan I heard has grown more distinct. The grocer sells coffee, sugar, and other grosser axticles. He guessed that his guest would remain another day. Though a hale man, the jDelting storm of hail obliged him to seek shelter. The frightened hare concealed himself in a pile of liair. The officer attempted to haul the quarrelsome person from the liall. The huntsman killed the hart by shooting him through the heart. 28 SIMILAR WORDS. The salve will heal your sore heel. If you sit here, you will be able to hear the lecturer. I heard that a large herd of cattle had just passed. Hew down those trees whose leaves have a trown hue. Hie to the top of the high mountain. I heard Jiim sing a mournful hymn. The treasure, which he had taken such pains to amass and hoard up, was carried oft' by a Jiorde of robbers. / have injured my eye. You will find a w^arm supper in the inn. Walking on the quay to-day I lost the key of my watch. Lo I those loiv bushes are covered with blossoms. The boat passed through the lock of the canal into the waters of the great loch. Though his principles are lax, he lacks not for friends. They laid the books upon the table, while they went to lade the wagon with apples. They concealed themselves on the lee side of the lea. They intended to send the leeks in my fj-iend's vessel, but it lealcs too badly. It is difficult to limn correctly the topmost limh of the tree. It is not always easy for a lone person to obtain a loan of money. The beggar has lain down in the dusty lane. I would as lief.^ adorn my hair with a rose and a green leaf as with ribbons. When you have led the pony to the farrier's, you may buy me some lead. SIMILAR WORDS. 29 I lieard at the levee^ last evening, that a new levy of troops is to be made. With these links of chain you can fasten the lynx securely. Has the laaid at the laundry 7nade up the clothes ? I sent the coat of mail by one of the male pas- sengers in the mail coach. He seized the pony by the mane and held with all his might and main. Your mantle is in the closet by the mantel. I was in a maze as to how 1 should cross the great field of maize. The field marshal has a very martial appear- ance. I can not inuse on the past while that cat meivs so piteously. it is mean for 3'ou to ridicule his awkward mien. The flowery mead sends forth its meed of praise. Mete out the piece of nueat for the poor man be- fore we meet again. You migJd have given your mite. I heard a piteous moan as I was sitting on the new moivn hay. In jumping across the moat a mote of dust got in my eye. Just as I was saying 7ia^,the horse began to neigh under the window. The knave jumped upon the nave of the wheel. You need not knead that dough any more. I knew you had lost 3'our new book. The brave knight was wounded by an enemy last night. I am not able to untie this knot. She would listen to 7io7ie except a kind nun who visited her. 3* 30 SIMILAR WORDS. I do not hioio whether she said yes or no. I wonder if he knows that the spectacles are on his nose. I will give you some of this silver oj-e, if you will take your oar and row me o^er the fer^-y. He called at our house an hour ago. Do you see that pale faced girl climbing over the pale with a pail in her hand ? The wound which I received from the window pane causes me severe pain. It is not well to pare a pear with a ^jaiV of scissors. The painter, with pallet in hand, was basdy oc- cupied in painting a picture for the boy who had a defect in his palate. Do you mean j^oinnel a part of a saddle, or pianel a part of a door ? The paws of the beast caused the man to pause. For the sake of peace I will give you the p/iece of hind. I jJi'g'Me myself on having seen the peak of Ten- eriife. While taking the ^^eeZ from the orange I listened to the peal of the bell. That gentleman standing on the p)ier is a peer of the realm. It is an excellent place for catching plaice. While Mary ^j/ai'is the cloth you may put the plates upon the table. The pileas of the lawyer did not please the judge. The mason suspended el plumb line from a limb of the pZfopz^^ace were very orderly. 1 prefer io prober you the job. 40 WORDS PRONOUNCED NEARLY ALIKE. They proscribe the physician, because he chanced to prescribe the wrong medicine. The pasture, was the proj^erty of the village pastor. The point of the difficulty is^ that he drank a pint of wine. 1 prophesy that j our prophecy will j^rove false. The radish was of a reddish color, John rues the day on which he attempted such a rtrse. The members of the regiment were kept on a rigid regimeti. The clergyman's relict seemed like the I'elic of a former generation. The moon shone very brightly, while the man. was shown the way through the woods. Though the pastor has a costly surplice^hQ has no surplus of worldly riches. Please to sit while I set things in order. The statute made no provision for the removal of the statue. The sense of the paragraph appears very clear, since he explained it. The wick now in the lamp will answer for a week or longer. The minister's moderate salary would not allow him to expend much for celery. The sculptor said he could not scidpture a good image from so rude a block. The man to whom I gave the tract was walking on the track of the railroad. The ropes of the tents were very tense. He was the author of a treatise on treaties. WORDS OF TWO PRONUNCIATIONS. 41 WORDS OP TWO PRONUNCIATIONS. The pronunciation of eacli of tlie following •words is determined by its signification. It will be a useful exercise to require pupils to give their understanding of the emphasis and meaning by incorporating them into sentences, as illustrated below.* Absent. Ab.striict. Abase. Accent. Affix. Attribute. Augment. August. Bow. Cement. Close. Compact. Collect. Comment. Commerce. Commune. Compound. Concert. Concrete, Concord. Conduct. Confine. Conflict. Conjure. Consort. Contest. Contract. Contrast. Converse. Convert. Convict. Convoy. Countermand. Courtesy. Descant. Desert. Diffuse. Digest. Discount. Entrance./ Escort. Essay. Excuse. Exile. Export. Extract. Gallant. Gill. Ferment. Form. Frequent. House. Import. Incense Increase. Inlay. Insult. InterclLingo. Interdict. Intimate. Invalid. Lead. Live Lovs'cr. Mall, Minute. Misconduct. Mouse. Mow. Object. Overcharge. Overthrow. Permit. Polish. Precedent. Prefix. Prelude. Presage. Present. Produce. Progress, Project. Protest. Provoet. Road. liebel. Eceollect. Record. Refuse. Reprimand. Row. Sewer. Slougli, Sow. Subject. Survey. Tarry. Tear. Torment. Transfer. Transport. Undress. Use. Wind. * John was ab'sent from the recitation. He ought not to absent' himself so often Mary gave an ab'stract of the story. It was wrong for Thomas to abstract' the money as he did. The man said he would not abuse {aluze) the horse. Such abuse {abuce) was wrong. 4» 42 SYNONYMS. SYNONYMS. " In all languages, particularly in those that are of a mixed origin, there are numerous groups of words which have the same general meaning. Such words are called Synonyms or S3aiony- mous Terms. In the English language, for ex- ample, which derives so large a portion of its vocabulary from Latin, Greek, French, and other sources, the number of Synonvms is unusually great ; and to this circumstance one of its prin- cipal difiiculties may be attributed. For, in order to have a correct and critical knowledge of the language, we must know not only all the words which are synonymous, but also all the peculiar- ities by which they are distinguished from each other. For it is only in the expression of one general idea that synonymous words agree, and to this extent only they should be considered as equivalent in meaning. But it will be found, also, that they have, in addition to the idea which is common to them all, peculiar significations or ap- propriate applications of their own ; and in these respects they should be considered as quite dif- ferent M^ords. In employing synonymous words, therefore, great care should be taken to distin- guish between their general meanings and particu- lar or peculiar applications. If two or more of them be employed to express one and the same idea, the most objectionable kind of tautology will be produced, namely, the unnecessary repetition of the same idea. And on the other hand, if their peculiar significations and appropriate applica- tions be confounded, ambiaruitv and error will be the result. In a work of' this kind it would be SYNONYMS. 48 useless to attempt even to enter upon a subject so extensive and so important. All that can be done here is, to give a list of the principal syno nyms of the language ; and as the subject is of importance, some examples will be given of the dilt'erence in meaning among words reputed synonymous. They will show the necessity of attendmg with care and strictness, to the exact import of words, if ever we would write with propriety and precision."* The following will furnish good spelling exercises, at the same time that they serve a good purpose in teaching pre- cision in regard to the meaning of words : Custom,, habit. — Gastom respects the action; habit^ the actor. By custom we mean the fre- quent repetition of the same act; by habit the effect which that repetition produces on the mind or body. By the custom of walking often in the street, one acquires a habit of idleness. Sui^iribecl^ astonished^ amazed, confounded. — I am surprised, with what is new or unexpected ; I am astonished, at what is vast or great ; I am amazed with what is incomprehensible ; I am con- founded by what is shocking or terrible. Pride, vanity. — Pride makes us esteem our- selves ; vanity makes us desire the esteem of others. It is j ust to say, as Dean Swift has done, that a man may be too proud to be vain. Only, alone. — Only imports that there is no other of the same kind ; alone imports being ac- companied by no other. An only child is one who has neither brother nor sister ; a child alone is one who is left by itself There is a diiference, tlierefore, in precise language, between these two Sullivan. 44 SYNONYMS. phrases; "Yirtue 07-d>/ makes us happy;" and, " Virtue alone makes us happy." " Yirtue only makes us happy," imports that nothing else can do it. " Virtue alone makes us happy," implies that virtue, by itself, or unaccompanied by other advantages, is sufficient to do it. Enough, siifflcient. — Enough relates to the quantity which one wishes to have of any thing ; sufficient relates to the use that is to be made of it. Hence, enough generally imports a greater quantity than suffcient does. The covetous man never has enough, although he has what is suffi- cient for nature. Remark, observe. — We remark in the way of attention, in order to remember; we observe in the way of examination, in order to judge. A traveler remarks the most striking objects he sees ; a general observes all the motions of his enemy. SYNONYMS. The following words should be carefully studied by the pupil and their meaning illustrated by incorporating them into sentences, as indicated by the example above. Abandon.* Desert. Foi-.sake. Abdicate. Kesign. Eelinquish. Abettor. Accessorjr. Accomplice. Abhor. Abominate. Detest. Ability. Capacity. Talent. Abjure. Eenoimce. Eecant. Abridge. Curtail. Shorten. Abrldgjnent. Compcudium. Epitome. . Absolute. Despotic. Arbitrary. Absorb. Engross. . ccupy. Abstain. Forbear. Eefrain. Abstcmioua. Temperate. Sober. * To be read in columns, down, the pag;o SYNONYMS. 45 Absurd. Preposterous. Irrational. Accumulate. Amass. Collect. Add. ' Join. Unite. Adversary. Opponent. Antagonist, Abuse. Reproach. Revile. Accurate. Exact. Precise. Address. Direction. Superscription. Affirm. Assert. Aver. Abusive. Reproachful, Scurrilous. Achieve. Accomplish. Perform. Adroitness. Dexterity. SkUl. Aflix. Attach. Annex. Accede. Comply. Acquiesce. Achievement. Exploit. Feat. Adduce. Advance. Allege. Agreement. Contract. Covenant. A ccelerate. Quicken. Hasten. Acid. Sour. Tart. Adequate. Commensurate, Sufficient. Aim. , View. Design. Accident. Chance. Casualty. Acquire. Obtain. Gain. Adhere. Stick. Cleave. Air. Mien. Look. Accommodate. Adjust. Suit. Acrimony. BiLterness. Harshness. Adherent. Follower. Purtizan. Alleviate. Mitigate. Relieve. Accomplish. Fulfill. Complete. Act. Action. Deed. Adjacent. Adjoining. Contiguous. Allot. Apportion. Assign. Accost. Salute. Address. Active. Quick. Nimble. Admit. Allow. Grant. Alter. Change. Vary. Account. Karrutive. Description. Actual. Real. Positive. Admission. Admittance. Access. Ambassador. Envoy. Plenij. otentiary. Account. Reckoning. Eill. Actuate. Induce. Impel. Adorn. Decorate. Beautify. Ample. Plentiful. Abundant. Account. Sake. Reason. Acute. Sharp. Keen. Adroit. Dextrous. Clever. Ancient. Anti(^uated. Antique. Accountable. Responsible. Answerable. Adase. Prnverh. Aphorisnu Advantageous. Beneficial. Profitable. Animate. Enliven. Inspire. 46 SYNONYMS. Ar.nals. Chronicles. Kecords. Announce. Proclaim. Declare. Answer. Keply. Eesj onse. Anxiety. Perplexity. Solicitude. Apparition. Spectre. Pliantom. Appear. Look. Seem. Associate. Compaion. Partner. Association, Society. Company. Assurance. Confidence. Eflrontery. Avarice. Covetousness. Cufiidity. Baffle. Balk. Frustrate. Barbarian. Savage. Uncivilized. Blainable. Brittle. Culpable. Frangible. Reprehensible. Frague. Bleeding. Building. Phlebotomy. Structure. Venesection. Edifice. Blend Mix. Mingle. Obliterate. Erase. Eflace. Bodily. Corjioreal. Corporal. Bog. Fen. Marsh. Bud. Germinate. Sprout. Bulk. Size. Magnitude. Burdensome Weighty. Onerous. Bury. Inter. Entomb. Apprehend. Seize. Catch. Apprehend. Conceive. Imagine. Artifice. Triek Stratagem. Artificer. Artizan. Mechanic. Ascribe. Attribute. Impute. Assail. Assault. Attack. Barren. Sterile. Unfruitful. Basis. Foundation. Groundwork. Bear. Carry. Convey. Bear. Endure. Sutler. Behavior. Conduct. Demeanor. Behead. Decapitate. Gn'Motine. Border. Margin. Verge. Boundless. Unlimited. Infinite. Boundaries. Limits. Confines. Bounty. Generosity. Liberality. Brace. Couple. Pair. Bravo. Courageous. Valiant. Calling. Vocation. Professioj Carnage. !M;Lssiiere Slaughto Carriage Bearing Deporti k Celebra'i'/'i. Famous. Kenowned. Changeable. Mutable. Variable. Cheat. Defraud. Triuk. Assemble. Muster. Collect. Behold. View. Observe. Brave. Dare. Defy. Check. Curb. Control. STNONTMS. 47 Chide. Rebuke. Beprimand, Cherish. Nourish. Foster. Choke. Sutfocate. Smother. Choleric. Irascible. Passionate. Civility. Politeness. Urbanity. Clear. Lucid. Perspicuous. Cloak. Palliate. Screen. Close. Shut. Conclude. Compensation. Eecompense. Eemuneration. Competent. Qualified. Fitted. Compound. Mixture. Medley. Conceit. Fancy. Imagination. Conciliate. Propitiate. Eeconcile. Conclusive. Decisive. Convincing. Concord. Harmony. Unity. Confute. Eefute. Disprove. Contrivance. Device. Scheme. Model. Pattern. Crafty. Cunning. Artful. Cross. Perverse. Froward. Cross. Tiiwart. Obstruct. Curious. Inquisitive. Prying. Curse. Imprecation. Anathema. Dangerous. Perifous. Hazardous. Deface. Disfigure. Deform. Defect. Imperfection. Blemish. Disown. Disavow. Disclaim. Design. Purpose. Intent. Design. Plan. Project. Discernment. Discrimination. Penetration. Disengage. Disentangle. Extricate. Divide. Separate. Part. Clothes. Garments. Dress. Console. Solace. Comfort, Dead. Lifelass. Inanimate. Earthly. Worldly. Terrestrial. Colleague. Partner. Associate. Colors. Ensign. Flag. Commodious , Convenient. Suitable. Communi ;ate. Impart. Disclose. Constant. Continual. Perpetual. Deceive. Delude. Cheat. Contemplate. Decency. Meditate. Decorum. Ponder. Propriety. Contemptuous. Decided. Disdainful. Determined. Scornful. Eesolute. Convivial. Jovial. Social. Decree. Edict. Proclamation. Ecstacy. Eapture. Transport. Education. Instruction. Tuition. Effect. Eesult Consequence. Effort. E.xertion. Endeavor. 48 STNONYMS. Elderly. Old. Aged. Excessive. Immoderate. Intemperate. Fit. Apt. Meet. Grave. Serious. Solemn. Emhlera. Svmbol. iVpe. Exigency. Emergency. Necessity. Flexible. Pliable. , Supple. Grave. Sepulchre. Tomb. Empty. Vacant. Void. Extraneous. Extrinsic. Foreign. Flock. Herd. Drove, Guess. Conjecturo. Surmise. End. Termination. Extremity. Face. Countenance. Visage. Form. Figure. Shape. Guide Lead. "Clonduct. Endurance. Sutlerance. Toleration. Faithless. ■ Perfidious. Treacherous. Forbid. Prohibit. Interdict. Happiness. Felieitv. Bliss. ' Enlarge. Increase. Extend. Fame. Eenown. Reputation. Force. Vigor. Energy. Hardened. Obdurate. Unfeeling. Enlighten. Illuminate. Illumine. Fanciful. Imaginative. Ideal. Forerunner. Precursor. Harbinger. Harass. Perplex. Distress. Enmity. Animosity. Hostility. Farewell. Good-by. Adieu. Foretell. Predict. Prognosticate. Harsh. Eigorous. Severe. Emulation. Eivalry. Competition. Fearful. Timid. Timorous. Found. Establish. Institute. Haste. Hurry. Precipitancy. Essay. Dissertation. Treatise. Fearful. Formidable Terrible. Frank. Candid. Ingenuous. Hazard. Eisk. Venture. Essay. Try. Attempt, Feign. Pretend. Dissemble. Frolic. Prank. Gambol. Head. Chief. Principal. Esteem. Value. Prize. Fervor. Ardor. ZeaL Gentile. Heathen. Pagan. Healthv. Salubrlou?. Wholesome. Estimate. Compute. Eate. Firm. Solid. Stable. Gift. Donation. Present, Heavy. Ponderous. Weighty. SYNONTMS, 49 Hide. Conceal. Secrete. Hint. Intimation. Suggestion. Hire. Salary. Wages. Hopeless. Desperate. Forlorn. Huge. Vast. Enormous. Idea. Notion. Conception. Imminent. Impending. Threatening. Importance. Consequence. Moment. Inborn. Innate. Inlierent. Ineffectual. Fruitless. Vain. Infringement. Infraction. Violation. Interpose. Interfere. Intei-meddle. Justice. Equity. Eight. Kingly. Kegal. Eoyal. Kind. Sort. Species. Last. Final. Ultimate. Lean. Meager. Thin. Lean. Incline. Bend. Learning. Erudition. Literature. Leave. Liberty. Permission. Liveliness. Animation. Vivacity. Madness. Insanity. Frenzy. Martial. Warlike. Military. Mistake. Error. Blunder. Mishap. Mischance. Casualty. Modest. Basil ful. Ditiideat Mutual. Keciprocal. Alternate. Name. Apellation, Title. Necessary. Bequisito. Essential. Negligent Careless. Heedless. New. Fresh. Keeent. News. Tidings. Intellfgence. Odd. Singular. Strange. Offer. Propose. Tender. Offering, Oblation. Gift. Omen. Prognostic. Presage, Origin. Beginning. Source Overbalance. Outweigh. Preponderate. Overbearing. Uoiuineering' Imperious. Overturn. Overthrow. Subject. Outward. Exterioi. External. Pace. Step. Degree. Pale. Pallid. Wan. Part. Portion. Share. Partake. Participate. Share. Pellucid. Transparent Clear. Penetrate. Pierce. Perforate. Penetration. Acuteness. Sagacity. Perceive. Discern. Distinguish. Pity. Compassion. Sympathy. Polite. Polished. Kefined. Posture. Position. Attitude. 50 SYNONYMS. Possessor. Owner. Proprietor. Powerful. Potent. Mighty. Praise. ( 'oinmend. Eulogize. Praiseworthy. CoinrnenJable. Laudable. Question. Query. Interrogation. Eace. Lineage. Pedigree. Rapacious. Ravenous. Voracious. Rapine. Plunder. Pillage. Pressing. Rashness. Urgent. Temerity. Importunate. Precipitancy. Pretense. Pretext. Excuse. Predominant. Rulinff. Prevailing. Preliminary. Preparatory. Introductory. Primary. Primitive. Original. Privacy. Retirement. Seclusion. Progress. Proficiency. Impi-ovement. Quack. Mountebank. Charlatan. Querulous. Peevish. Fretful. Ratify. Confirm. Sanction. Recjfon. Coimt. Compute. Refuse. Reject. Decline. Relation. Relative. Kinsman. Repeat. Recite. Rehearse. Reproach. Contumely. Obloquy. Rest. Remainder. Residue. Rest. Cessation. Intermission. Restitution. Reparation. Amends. Revile. Vilify. Upbraid. Riches. Wealth. Opulence. Riot. Uproar. Tumult. Robust. Stout. Strong. Recede. Rot. Retire. Putrify. Retreat. Corrupt, Round. Globular. Spherical. Sanguinary. Bloody. Cruel. Scatter. Disperse. Dissipate. Secular. Temporal. Worldly. Separate. Sever. Disjoin. Servant. Domestic. Menial. Servitude. Slavery. Bondage. Shake. Agitate Toss. Show. Display. Exhibit. Show. Ostentation Parade. Signification. Meaning. Import. Sim;'?. Similitude. Comparison. Simpleton. Fool. Idiot. Sketch. Outline. Delineation. Skin. Rind. Peel. Slow. Dilatory. Tardy. Smell. Scent. Odor. Stagger. Heet Totter. Smooth. Level, Plain. SYNONYMS. 51 Solitary. Lonely. Desolate. Special. Specific. Ptti ticular. Speech. Oration. Harangue. Speech. Language. Tongue. Stain. Sully. Tarnish. Tease. Annoy. Vex. Transient. Transitory. Fleeting. Tendency. Drift. Aim. Thick. Dense. Compact. Thin. Slender. Slight. Wakeful. Watchful. Vigilant. State. Thrift. Kealra. Frugality. Commonwealth. Economy. Straight. Kighc. Direct. Stranger. Foreigner. Alien. Strengthen. Fortity. Livigoiate. Surround. ineompass. Environ. Sustain. Support. Maintain. Timely. Seasonable. Opportune. Trade. Commerce. Traffic. Transfigure. Transform. Metanjorphoae. Trembling. Tremor. Trepidation. Trial. Experiment. Test. Undervalue. Disparage. Depreciate. Undcrstandmg. Want. Intellect. Indigence. Mind. Necessity. Unfold. Unravel. Develop. Want. Lack. Need. Unimportant. Warn. Insigiiiticant. Caution. Inconsiderable. Admonish. Unoffending. Inoti'ensive. Harmless. Unruly. Ungovernable. Kefractory. Unspeak.able. Unutterable. Inetlable. Uprightness. Rectitude. Integrity. Utter. Articulate. Pronounce. Valuable. Precious. Costly. Value. Worth. Price. Wave. Billow. Breaker Waver. Fluctuate. Vacillate. Way. Road. Route. Way. Method. Mynner. Weaken. Enfeeble. Debilitate. AVearisomo. Tiresome. Irksome. Weariness. Lassitude. Fatigue. Take. Receive. Accept. Tax. Impost. Rate. Trivial. Trilling. Frivolous. Trouble. Disturb. Molest. Violent. Vehement. Impetuous. Vote. Suffrage. Voice. Weight. Heaviness Gravity. Willful. Headstrong. Testy. 52 WORDS OF SIMILAR IMPORT. Well-being. Welfare. ProsiJerity. Wise. Prudent. DiKcreet, World. Earth. Globe. Youthful. Juvenile. Boyish. Whim. Freak. Caprice. Wonder. Admiration. Surjn-ise. Worth. Desert. Merit. Zealous. Ardent. Warm. Whole. Entire. Total. Wonder. Miracle. Marvel. Worthy. Estimable. Valuable. Zone. Belt. Girdle. Willingly. Voluntarily. Spontaneously. Work. Labor. ToU. Worship. Adore. Venerate. "WORDS OF SIMILAR IMPORT. The following sets of words are strikingly sim- ilar in their signification. One of each pair is of Anglo-Saxon origin, and the other is from tlie Latin, — though a few of the former may be traced to Latin or Greek roots. Begin. Commence. Bequeath.. Devise. Binding. O bligatory. Bitterness. Acrimony. Bloody. Sanguinary Bodily . Corporeal. Boundaries. Confines. Breed. Engender. Brotherly. Fraternal. Childhood. Infancy. Choice. Option. Corner. Angle. Dark. Obscure. Die. Expire. Earthly. Terrestrial. Eastern. Oriental. Enliven. Animate. Enough. Sufficient. Errand. Message. Happen. Chance. Heavenly Celestial. Hinder. Prevent. Fellowship. Inside. Companionship. Interior. Freedom. Liberty. Friendly. Amicab'le. Fullness. Plenitude. Fullness. Kcpletion. Keeping. Custody. Kingly. Eegal. Lean. Meagre. Likely. Probable. WORDS VARYING IN USE. 58 Live. Exist. Owing. Due. Tliougbtful Peubive. Weep. Deplore. Lively. Animated, Shepherd. Pastor. Timely. Seasonable. WilL Volition. Lucky. Fortunate. Shock. Concussion. Truth. Verity. Will. Testament. Motherly. Maternal. Shun. Avoid. Understand. Comprehend. Witness. Testify Odd, Singular. Step. Pace. Understanding. Intellect. Wonderful, Marvelous, Opening. Aperture. Straight. Erect. Unspeakable. Ineffable. Woody. Sylvan. Overflow. Inundate. Sweat. Perspire. Unutterable. Inexpressible. Wordy. Verbose. Outlive. Survive. Outside. Exterior. Tasteless. Insipid. Teachable. Docile. Uprightness. Rectitude. Want. _ Necessity. Worth. Value. Worthless Valueless. Outward. External. Thick. Dense. Waver. Fluctuate. Watery. Aqueous. Overseer. Inspector. Threat. Menace. Weapons. Arms. Weaken. Invalidate. WORDS VARYING IN USE. Each of the words in the following list has two or more meanings or applications. Some of them have several, though in some cases local usage increases the number. Let the pupils illustrate the various uses by incorporating 5* 54 WORDS VARYING IN USE. them into sentences as indicated below.* It will prove an interesting and profitable ex- ercise. Address. Anfrle. Bachelor. Bait Bale. Ball. Base. Bat. Bay. Beaver. Bill. Blade. Blow. Board. Boot. Box. Butt. Cape. Case. Cashier. Cast. Cataract. Chase. Club. Comb. Consistency. Corn. Corporal. Count. Counter. Court. Craft. Crane. Crop. Cross, Crow. Crown. Dam. Date. Deal. Dear. Deck. Desert. Diet. Draw. Engross. Express. Fair. Faro. Fellow. File. Fillet. Finn. Flag. Fold. Foil. Foot. Forge. Found. Fret. Fry. Game. Gin. Nail. Grain. Page. Grate. Pafe. Grave. Palm. Graze. Partial. Habit. Pen. Hail. Perch. Hamper. Pike. Hide. Pitch. Hind. Poach. Jet. Port. Kind. Porter. Left. Post. Letter. Pound. Light. Pupil. Lighten. Quarter. Lime. Eange. Eauk. Line. Link. Eear. Litter. Eent. Look. Eock. Long. Eush. Lot. Sable. Mail. Scale. Match. Season. Meal. Set. Mean. Shaft. Meet. Shoal. Moor. Sole. Mortar. Sound. Mould. Spring. * The lady had a very pleasant addi-ess. The address was appropriate and the audience attentive. How shall I address the letter ? It was an acute angle. He loved to angle in the pond. John used clams for halt. They stopped to bait the Lorses. They bait the bear. The walk had a border of box. The rule was made of box. Ho was seated on the box of the coach. A box was missing from one wheel. They learn to box the compass. The man gave him a box on the ear. William kept his money in a box. They box skillfully. The men box the goods. The vessel was in the bay. The dogs were kept at baij. The iiian rode a ban horse. The dogs bay at the moon. He was under a ia^-tree. Sue sat by the Jay-window. "WORDS LIABLE TO BE MISSPELLED. 65 Stake. Stock. Talent. Tender. Steep. Stocks. Toll. Usher. Stern. Strain. Tumbler. Utter. Stick. Swallow. Taper. Yard. WORDS LIABLE TO BE MISSPELLED. The accent in tlie following and similar words gives, in speaking, a double sound to the middle consonant, and hence there is a tendency to double it in spelling. Agate. Credit. Alum. Cynic. Atone. Damage. Balance. Damask. Banish. Deluge. Baron. Desert. Bevil. Develop. Bevy. Dragon. Bigot. Drivel. Blemish. Elegant. Bodice. Elevate. Body. Eligible. Botany. Fagot. Bury. Famine. Busy. Felon. Cabin. Flagon Calico. Forest. Camel. Forget. Frolic. Canon. Capital. Gamut. Cavil. Granite. Cherish. Gravel. Chisel. Grovel. Citv. Habit. Civil. Harass. Civet. Havoc. Claret. Hazard. Clever. Homage. Closet. Honor. Colony Honest. Comet. Honey. Hovel. C 3 inc. Copy. Hover. Coral. Lavish. Cover. Level. Covert. LeTy. Limit. Linen. Lizard. Malice. Manor. Many. Medal. Memory. Melon. Menace. Metal. Merit. Minute. Misery. Model. Modest. Money. Moral. Never. Novel. Oven. Palace. Palate. Parish. Pavilion. Peril. Pity. Pivot. Planet. Polish. Prelate. Privy. Provost. Quality. Quiver. Kabid. Eapid. Eavage Kavel. Kebel. Eelish. Eevel. Eiver. Eivet. Rigor. Sakd. Salary. Satin. Scholar. Senate. Separate. Seraph. Sever. Shadow. Shekel. Sheriff. Sirup. Sloven. Swivel. Spavin, Spigot. Spirit. Sterile. Stomach Study. Swivel. Talent. Talon. Tenant. Tenon. Tenor. Tepid. 56 CHRISTIAN NAMES OF MALES. Tonic. Valance. Venue. Wacron. Topic. Valid. Vermilion. Widow. Traverse. Valet. Very. Wizard. Travel. Vapid. Vigor Zealous. Tropic. VcDom. Visit VARIOUS CLASSIFICATIONS. — CHRISTUN NAMES OP MALES. Aa'ron. Car'los. George. Jo'tham. A'bel. Ce'cil. Gid'eon. Ju'lius. Abi'el. Ce'phas. Gil'bert. Abi'jab. Ch;u-le3. Giles. Lem'uel. Ab'ner. Clem'ent. Gil'man. Leon'ard. A 'bra ham. Chris'tophcr. Greg'ory. Le'vi. Ab'salom. Cy'rus. Gusta'vus. Lew'is. Ad'am. Lu'cius. Adol'phus. Dan'iel. Hec'tor. Luke. Al'bert. Dari'us. Hen'ry. Lu'ther. Alexan'der. Da'vid. Her'bert. Al'fred. Hezeki'ah. Mar'cua. Alon'zo. Eb'en. Hi'ram. Mark. Alphe'us. Ebcne'zer. Hor'ace. Mar'tin. Alphon'so. AVvin. Ed 'gar. Hora'tio. Ma'son. Ed'mund. Hose'a. Mat'thew. Am'asa. Ed'ward. Ilu'bert. Mau'rice. Am'brose. Ed'win. Hugh. Mi'cah. A'mos. Eg'bert. Humph'rey. Mi'cliael. An'drew. Ei'bridge. Mor'timer. An'thony. Elea'zai". Icb'abod. Mo'ses. Apol'los. Eli'ab. I'ra. Arehela'us. Eli'as. I'saac. Na'hura. Ar'chibald. Eli'hu. Is'rael. Na'than. Ar'temas. Eli'iah. Nathan'iel. Ar'thur, Eli'sha. Ja'bez. Nehemi'ah. A'sa. Eli'phalet. Ja'cob. Nich'olas, As'ahel. E'noch. James. Ivo'ah. Ash'er. . E'nos. Ja'red. Augus'tine. E'phraim. Ja'son. Obadi'ah. Augus'tus. Eras'tus. Jcrenii'ah. O'bed. Aus'tin. E'than. Jerome'. Oeta.'vius. Eugene'. Jes'se. Ol'iver Bar'nabaB. Eus'tace. Jo'ab. Orlan'do. Be'la. Eze'kiel. Jo'el. Os'car. Ben'ediet. Ez'ra. John. Os'mond. Ben'jamisi. Jo'uali. O'tis. Bernard. Fe'lix. Jo'nas. Ber'uadotte. Eer'dmand. Jon'athan. Pat'rick. Fnm'cis. Jo'seph. Josh ua. Paul. Ca'leb. Frank'lin. Pe'leg. Cal'vin. Fred'cric. Josi'ah. Pe'rez. CHRISTIAN NAMES OF FEMALES. 67 Pe'ter. Ru fus. Philua'der. Kog'on Pliil'ip. PM'lo. Sam'son Pliin'eas. Sam'ueh Phile'moa. SaiiL Ealph» Seth. Eeu'ben. Silas. Bich'ard. Sim'eon. fiob'ert. Si'moa. Sol'omon. yte'phen. 8yd ney. Sylva'nus. Sjlvea'ter. Thad'deua. The'odore. Tbeoph'ilus. Thom'as. Tim'otliy. Ti'tus. Tobi'as. Tris'trara, Uri'ah. Wal'ter. WiL'liam. Zach'ary. Zacche'us. CHEISTIAN NAMES OF FEMALES. Ab'igall. Ad'eline. Ad'elaide. Ade'lia. Ag'atha, Ag'nes. Ag'gle. Al'ice. Alme'da. Almi'ra. Althe'ft. Aman'da, Ame'lia. Ami or Anne. An'na. Angeli'na. Annette'. Annis. An'toinette. Arabel'la. Augus'ta. Aure'lia. Bar'bara. Beat'rice, Ber'tha. Berni'ce. Bet'scy. Bridg'et. Car'olinc. Catli'arine. Cecil'ia, Ce'lia. Char'it7. Cbar'lotte. "iiHilo'e. Chrlsti'na. Clar'a. Clar'issa. Cou'stanca Corde'lia. Corne'lia. Cyn'thia. Deb'orah. Delia, Dian'a. Dian'tha. Cor'cas. Dorothy. E'dith. Ed'nah, Elec'ta. El'bertine. Ellen. Ehni'ra. Elvi'ra. Em'erctte. Eiully. Em'ma. Ea'ther. Eudo'ra. Euge'nia. Eu nice. E'va. Fan'ny. Fedo'ra. Fidelia. Flo'ra. Flor'enoe. Foresti'Ea. Fran'ces* Genev'ra. Georgian'a. Ger'trude. Grace. Han'nah. Hanno'ra, Har'riet. Hel'en. Heoriet'ta Hes'ter. Hnl'dah. I'da. Irene'. Isabella. Jane. Jenette'. Jeu'nie. Jeru'sha. Jes'sie. Joan'na. Jo'sephine. Ju'dith. Julia. Ju'liette. Kezi'a. Lavin'ia. Lau'ra. Loono'ra. Lois. Lot'tie. Loiii'sa, Lucin'da. Lu'cia. Lucre'tia. Lu'cy. Lu'ra. Lydla. Ma'bel. Mad'eline Matil'da. Mar'garet. Mar'cia. Mari'a. Mariet'ta. Mar'tha. Ma'ry. Maud. Melin'da. Melis'sa. Mer'cy. Miner'va Nan'cy. No'ra. Olive. Olivia. Ophelia. Pa'tience. Pauline, Per'sis. Phe'be. Phyllis. Priscilla. Pla'deiioe. 68 OCCUPATIONS, PROFESSIONS, ETC. ♦a'chel. Sabi'na. Tab'itha. Vali'na, Kebec'ca, Sulome'. Teiii'pc.Tance. Virgiu'ia. Kho'da. Sali'na. ThanK'ful. Ko'sa. Saiaaii'tha. Thuodo'ra. Wil'lia. Eos'ai.^ond. Sa'rali. Thcres'sa. "Wiihelmine', liD'sella. Sophi'a. Tryphe'na, or Koset'ta. Soiihro'nia. Wilhelmi'na. Eutii. Sli teuu. Ursu'la. OCCUPATIONS, PHOFKSSIOXS, ETC. The pupils should not only be required to spell these but also to sive some account of each. Actor. Actress. Administrator. Agent. Agriculturist. Anatomist. Antiquary. Apothecary. Appraiser. Apprentice. Architect. Artist. Assessor. Astrologist. Astrouomer. Auctioneer. Auditor. Author. Baggage-master Bailiti'. Baker. Banker. Barber. Bargeman. Basket-maker, Blacksmith. Boat-builder. Boatman, Boatswain. Botanist, Bookseller. Bvotmakei. Brakeman. Brazier. Brewer. Brick-layer. Brick maker. Broker. Broom-maker, Brush-maker. Builder. Burnisher. Butcher, Button-maker, Cabinet-maker, Calker. Carpenter, Carver, Cart Wright, Carriage-maker, .Carter, Carrier, Car-builder. Cashier, Chaplain, Chapman, Cliambermaid, Chemist, CJieesemonger, Civil Engineer, Clerk, Clergyman. Clock-maker. Clothier, Coach-maker. Coachman, Composer. Conchologist, Conductor. Constable. Cooper. Cook. Confectioner. Cobbler, Cordwainer. Colporteur, Copjier-smith. Corset-maker. Courier. Counselor. Crier. Currier. Cutler. Daguerrcan. Dancer, Dentist, Diplomatist. Distiller. Doctor. Draper, Draughtsman. Dress-maker, Druggist, Dyer, Electrotvper. Embroiderer, Enameler. Engineer. Engine-maker. Engraver, Exciseman. Executor. Expressman. Farmer. Farrier. Ferryman, Fireman. Filter. Fisherman. Fishmonger Foreman. Fowler. Fruiterer. Fuller. Furrier. Gardener. Genealogist. Geometrician. Geologist. Gilder. Glass-blower Glazier. Glover. Gokl-beator. Goldsmith. Governess. Groom. NAMES OF ANIMALS. 69 Grocer. Hiiberdasher. Hair-euttor. Hair-dresser. Harness-maker, Hatter. Hawker. Herdsman. Hodman. Hosier. Hostler. Housekeeper. Husbandman. Huntsman. Inn-keeper. Inspector. Il*on-monger. Jeweler. Joiner. Judge. Jupk'ler. Junk-dealer. Justice. Juryman. Jurist. Lace-maker. Landlord. Lapidary. Lawyer. Lecturer. Linen-draper. Lithographer. Locksmith. Logician. Machinist. Magician. Magistrate. Mason. Mayor. l\Ierchant. Metallurgist. Metaphysician. Miller. Milliner. Miner. Mincraloffist. Millwright. ilouldei". Muleteer. Musician. Kailer. Naturalist. Navigator. Needle-maker. Notary. Nurse. Optician. Orator. Organist. Ornithologist. Overseer. Painter. Paper-hanger. Paper-maker. Pastrv-cook. Peddler. Perfumer. Philosopher. Phrenologist. Physician. Pliysiologist. Planisher. Plasterer. Plater. Ploughman. Plumber. Poet. Polisher. Porter. Postillion. Potter. Poulterer. Printer. Quack. Quarryman. Snddlcr. Sailor. Sawyer. Scavenger. Scullion. Sculptor. Seamstress, Secretary. Seedsman. Selectman. Shepherd. Sheritf. Shipwright. Shoemaker. Shopkeeper. Silversmith. Slater. Smelter. Solicitor. Spinner. Stationer. Stage-driver. Stay-maker. Stereotyper. Stevedore. Steward. Stock- broker. Stoker. Stone-cutter. Supermteudent. Surgeon. Surveyor. Sutler. Swine-herd. Switchman. Tailor. Tailoress. Tanner. Taverner. Teacher. Teller. Tinman. Theologian. Trader. Trunk-maker. Turner. Tutor. Undertaker. Upholsterer. Usher. Victualer. Wagoner. Watch-maker Weaver. Woodman. NAMES OF ANIMALS. Ant- eater. Beaver. Chamois, Antelope. Bison. Civet. Ape. Buifalo. Coati. Armadillo. Cougar. Camel. Cow. Baboon. Camclopard. Badger. Cat. Deer. Boar. Catamount. Doe. Dog. Newfound- land. Blood-houna. Grevhound. Mastitf. Spaniel. Lapdog. 60 NAMES OF BIRDS. Dog. Poodle. Hare. Marten. Ehinocero*. Hedgehog. Mole. Terrier. Hippopotamus. Monkey. Sable. Pointer. Horse. Moose. Seal. Setter. Hyena. Mouse. Skunk. Dormouse Mule. Sloth. Dromedary. Ibex. Musk-ox. Sheep. Dolphin. Ichneumon. Musk-rat, Squirrel. Elephant, Jackal. Nyl-ghau. Tapir. Elk. Jaguar. Opossum. Tiger. Ermine. Jerboa. Orang Outaeig. Otter. Walms. Fawn. Kangaroo. Ounce. Weasel. Ferret. Kid. Ox, Whale. Fo.x. Wolf. . Lama. )• Lhima. \ Panther. Wolverine Gazelle. Peccary. Woodchuck. Genet. Leopard Porcupine. Giraffe. Lion. Zebra. Glutton. Lynx. Babbit. Zebu. Gnu. Eaccoon. Goat. Marmot. Eeindcer, Suggestive Questions. — Which of the above are amphibi- ous ? — domestic ? — wild ? — gregarious ? — ferocious ? — noxious ? — in- noxious '{ — carnivorous ? — graminivorous ? — omnivorous ? — preda- tory? — ruminating? Name the countries in which each la found. Which are valuable for their flesh ? — which for their fur? — which for their skins ? — which for their ivory ?— which are serv- iceable to man ? For what is the camel peculiarly fitted ? etc. NAMES OF BIRDS. Albatross. Auk. Blackbird. Bluebird. Blue Jay. Bobo'link. Bullfinch. Butcher-bird. Bustard. Buzzard. Canary. Cassowary, Cat-bird. Chuck-wills- widow. Chaffinch. Cormorant, Condor, Crane. Crow. Cuckoo. Curlew. Dodo. Duck. Eagle. Falcon. Flamingo. Fieldfare Goldfinch. Goose. Grouse. Gull, Hawk, Heron. Humming- Jay. Jackdaw. Kite. Kingfisher. Kingbird, Lark, Linnet. Lapwing. Loon. Magpie. Parrot, bird. Partridge. Peacock, Pelican. Penguin. Petrel. Pheasant. Pigeon, Plover. Quail. NAMES OF TREES. 61 Nightingale. Eavcn. Spoonbill. Vulture. Eobin. Stork. Oriole. Kook. Swan. Wagtail. Ostrich. Swallow. Whip-poor-will. Owl. Sandpiper. Woodpecker. Snipe. Thrush. Woodcock. Eail. Sparrow. Turkey. Wren. SuaoESTiVE Questions. — Which of the above are songsters ? — — rapacious ? — gallinaceous ? — migratory '{ — predaceous ? — web- footed ? Which are called sea-birds i Which are esteeaied as food ? What one is particularly prized for his feathers ? What is the difference between a bird and a fish ? — A bird and a quad- ruped i FISHES, BIVALVES AND REPTILES. Alligator. Eel. Lobster. Eoach. Aiiciiovy. Flounder. Mackerel. Salmon. - Bass. Elying-fish. Mullet. Sardine. Blueflsh. Frog. Scallop. Blackfish. Nautilus. Shad. Gudgeon. Skate. Carp. Oyster. Snake. Chameleon. Haddock. Sturgeon. Clam. Halibut. Perch. Sword-fish. Codfish. Herring. Pickerel. Toad. Crocodile. Pilot-fish Tortoise. Cuttle-fish, Lizard. Plaice. Trout. Suggestive Questions. — What is the diifcrence between a fish and a reptile ? Which of the above belong to the class of rep- tiles ? Which are bivalves i Which are esteemed for food J NAMES OP TREES. Acacia. Basswood. Ebony. Larch. Alder. Beech. Elm. Lime. Almond. Birch. Linden. Apple. Box-tree. Fir. Locust. Apricot. Button-tree. Arbor Vitse. Button-wood. Hackmatack. Magnolia. Ash. Hemlock. Maiiogauy, Aspen. Catalpa. Hickory. Maple. Cedar. Holm. Mulberry. Balsam. Cherry. Horse-chestnut Banapa. Chestnut. 'Oak. Banian. Cypress. Juniper. Olive. 62 FLOWERS, ROOTS AND SHRUBS. Palm. Pine. Sandal-wood. Partridge -■wood. rium. Savin. Peach. Pomegranate. Spruce. Pear. Poplar. Sycamore. Walnut. Willow ScooESTiVE Questions. — Which of the above are vahied (is or namental trees ? Which are fruit trees J Which produce nuts ?— Which are evergreen i Which are used in manufacturing furni- ture ? — Which are valued for .ship-building { Which are used lor house-building i Which of them grow in this state i FLQ-miRS, ROOTS AND SHRUBS. Amaranth. Amaryllis. Anemone. Arbutus. Asparagus. Aster. Azulia. Bachelor' 8-But- ton. Barberry. Bilberry. Bitter-sweet. Blue-bell. Box. Buektliorn. Burning-bush. Buttercup. Cactus. Camellia. Candy-tuft. Caraway. Carnation. Catalpa. Celandine. Cereus. Chamomile. Clematis. Cockscomb. Coreopsis. Columbine. Crocus. SiJoaESTivr. Qiestions — What is the dilfcrcBcc between a tree and u shrub i Wliich of the precediuiT are siirubs? Which are annuals? Which are biennials i Which are perennials ? Which Crown-imperial. Hydrangea. PimpcmeL . Phlox. Daffodil. Iris. Pink. Daisy. Poppy. Dahlia. Jasmine. Jessamine. Portulaca. Dandelion. Primrose. Dielytra. Priuce's-fcatner. Lady's-slipper. Eglantine. Larkspur. Rhubarb. Everlasting. Lauret. Lavender. Eosc. Fennel, Lilac. Saffron. Eern. LUy. Sage. Flowering Al- Sassafras. mond. Mignonette. Sensitive-plant. Flower-de-luce :. Mistletoe. Snap-dragon. Forget-me-not. Monk's-hood. Snow -drop. Four-o'clock. Morning-glory. Sumach. Foxglove. Mourning-bride. Summer-savory. Foxtiiil. Mullen. ( Mullein. Sunflower. Fraxinella, Sweet-brier. Fuchsia. Myrtle. Sweet-marjoram Syringa. Gentian. Narcissus, Sweet William. Geranium. Nasturtium. Gilliflower. Thyme. Oleander. Trumpet-flower. Harebell. Orchis. Tulip. lleart's-ease. Heliotrope. Peony. Verbena. Hollyhock. Pansy, Violet. Honeysuckle. Passion-flower. Hyacinth. Petunia. Woodbine. AGRICULTURAL TERMS. 63 are bnlbotis? Wliich are cereal? Which are climbing? "Which are creeping? Which are deciduons ? Which are evergreen? — Which are tibrous ? Which are indigenous? Which are para- sitic i Which are tubular ? Which are trailing ? PRODUCTIONS OF THE GARDEN AND FARM. Apples. Corn. Lettuce. Pumpkin. Apricots. Cranberry. Artichoke. Cucumber. Maize. Eadish, Asparagus. Currant. Melon. Easpberry, Mint. Ehubarb. Barley. Dill. Mustard. Eye. Beans, Beets. Egg-plant. Nasturtium. Saffron. Blackbeny, Endive. Sage. Buckwheat. Oats. Spmach. Fennel. Onions. Squash. Cabbage. Strawberry. Cauliflower. Garlic. Parsley. Sunnner-savory Caraway. Gherkin. Pursnip, Sweet-maijo- Carrot. Gooseberry. Peach. ram. Celer>-. Gourd. Pear. Chervil. Peas. Thyme. Citron. Hedge. Pepper. Tomato. Clover. Herd's-grasa. Pie-plant. Turnip. Coriander. Plums. Leeks. Potatoes. Wheat. Suggestive Questions. — Which of the above are appropriala for garden culture ? Which are annuals ? Which are valuable as table vegetables ? Which are fruits ? Describe the bean, and the methods, of culture. For what are cranberries valued and how do they grow ? Is there any ditference between corii and maize ? Name particulars in which a pear and a potato differ — both in mode of culture and use, etc. TARIOUS TERMS PERTAINING TO AGRICULTURE AND AQRICX7LTU* RAL lUPLElIENTS. Arabic. Chain. Drain. Grindstone. Axe. Cheese-press. Drill. Churn. Hatchet. Barren. Cradle. FalloTT. Harrow. Bam. Cultivator. Field. Harvest. Bay. Flail. Hay-mow. Ditch. Furrow. Hay-rick. Cart. Dove-cot. Hoe. 64 FURNITURE. Mattock. Munger. Marsh. Meadow. Mower. Mowing-ma- cliiiie. Pasturage. Pick-axe. Pitchfork. Plow. Pruniiig-hook. Pake. Keaper. Poller. Saw. Scraper. Scythe. Seed-sower. Shears. Sheaf. Sickle. Shovel. Spade. Stable. Sty. Subsoil. Swamp. Tenant Threshing-ma- chine. Tillage. Trowel. Wheelbarrow Yoke. Suggestive Questions. — What is meant by arable ? Name the principal parts of a barn. Name the principal parts of a cart. Of what is a harrow made and what is its use i Name the parta of a plow. What the difference between a common plow and subsoil plow? What meant by mould-board? What by plow- share S What the difference between tenant and owner ? FURNITURE AND ARTICLES OF HOUSEHOLD USK Basket. Basin. Barrel. Bedstead. Bell. Bird-cage Blanket. Boiler. Bolster. Book-case. Boot-jack. Bowl. Box. Bread-toaster. Broom. Brush. Butter-dish. Butter-knife. Bureau. Candelabrum. Candle-slick. Catstor. Carpet. Chair. Clock. Coftce-urn. Corn-popper. Couch. Counter-pane. Coverlet. Cricket. Crum-brush. Crum-cloth. Cup. Curtain. Cushion. Dipper. Divan. Dust-pan. Duster. Easy-chair. Etagcre. Egg-beater. Finger-glass. Firkin. Flat-iron. Fire-board. Flower-staud. Fork. Fruit-dish. Furnace. Gas-fixtures. GobU^t. (; rater. Griddle. Gridiron. Guitar. Hammer. Ilat-stand. Inkhorn Inkstand, Jar. \ Kettle. Knife. Kuifc-tray. Ladle. Lamp. Lamp-shade. Letter-receiver. Lounge. Mat. Match-safe. Mattress. Melcideon. Mirror. Mop. Moulding-board, Kapkin. lS'ai>kin-ring. Needle. Newspaper. Oil-cloth Ottoman. Pail. Pan. Piano. Pictures. Pillow. Pitcher. Plate. Platter. Porringer. Preserve-dish. Quilt. Eocking-chair. Kolling-pin. Eubbing- board, Kug. Sad-iron. Salver. Saucer. Scissors. Scwing-machin Sieve. Shik, Slicet. Shovel, ARITHMETIC GRAMMAR. 65 Skimmer. Stool. Thimble. Umbrella. Soap-dish. Stove. Tidy. Sofa. J Tongs. Vase. Spider Table-cloth. Towel-stand. Spool. Tassel. Trunk. "Washing-ma- Spoon. Tea-urn. Tumbler. chine. Stew-pan Thermometer. Tureen. "Work-box. Suggestive Questions.— Which of the above are made chiefly of wood? — of iron? — of silver? — of steel? Of what other ma- lerials are some made ? "Which are appropriate for kitchen use ? — ■ which for parlor and sitting-room? — which for chamber? — which for table use ? ARITHMETIC. The following columns contain many of the terms used in the several sciences or branches in- dicated. Pupils should spell and define them, or incorporate them into sentences illustrating their meaning. Account. Addition. Ad valorem. Analysis. Alligation. Annuity. Area. Average. Avoirdupois. Balance. Bankruptcy. Brokerage. Cancel. Cancellation. Column. Commission. Complex. Compound. Computation. Contraction. Customs. Currency. Denominator. Discount. Division. Divisor. Dividend. Duodccim.ll. Duties. Equation. Equality. Equity. Exchange. Factor. Federal-money. Fellowship. Fractions. Geometrical. Integer. Invoice. Insurance. Involution. Mensuration. Minuend. Minus. Multiple. Multiplication. Multiplier. Ma tiplicaud. Notation. Numeration. Numerator. Partnership. Percentage. Permutation. Plus. Progression. Proportion. Quotient. Ratio. Reduction. Superficies. Subtraction. Subtrahend. GRAJIJCAR. Ahsolutc. Ad.iective. Adverb AfR.K. Allegory. Ajrreement. 6* Antithesis. Antecedent, Apostjrophe. Article. Aspirat-c. Auxiliary. ee GEOGRAPHY PHILOSOPHY. Capitals. Case. Classification. Collective. Comma. Colon. Comparative. Conjugation. Conjunction. Consonant. Couplet. Dash. Declension Defective. Derivative. Derivation. Diphthong. Disjunctive. Dissyllable. Elementary. Elocution. Emphasis. Etymology. Exclamation. Feminine. Gender. Government. Imperative. Independent. Indicative. Interjection. Infinitive. InteiTOgation. Intransitive. Irony. Irregular. Letters. Masculine. Metaphor. ^Ictononiy. Modification. Monosyllable. Mood." Neuter. Kominative. Noun. Numeral. Number. Objective. Orthography. Parsing. Participle. Participial, Period. Polysyllable. Potential. Positive. Possessive. Prefix. Preposition. Primary. Primitive. Pronunciation. Prosody. Pronoun. Punctuation. Quantity. Redundant. Rhetoric. Rhyme. Scanning, Senten 'e. Semicolon. Speech. Stanza. Subiunctive. Suffix. Superlative. Syllable. Syllabiticatioa. Syntax. Synopsis. Transposition, Triphthong. Trissyllablo. Verb. GEOGEAPHT. Acclivity. Arctic. Antarctic. Antipodes. Area. Atmosphere. Axis. Bay. Boundary. Canal. Cape. Channel. Ciicumference. Commerce. Compass. Continent. Declivity. Desert. Diameter. Equator. Equinoctial. Estuary. Frigid. Frith. Gulf. Harbor. Hemisphere. Horizon. Island. Isthmus. Latitude. Longitude. Meridian. Mountain. Nadir. Ocean. Parallel. Peninsula. Platean. l*lain. Prairie. Productions. Promontory. River. Sound. Territory. Torrid. Tropic. Valley. Volcano Zenith, Zones. pniLOSOPnY. Accelerate. Aobromatic. Acoustics. Aberration. Absorption. Adhedibn. Air-pjimp. Al«mbic BOTANY. 67 Aphelion. Congelation. Hydrostatic. Opaque. Apparatus. Crystallization. Hygrometry. Optician. Apogee. Cylinder. Hypothesis. Optical. Areometer. Atmospliere. Density. Imbibition. Parachute. Attraction. Distillation. Impenetra- Pendulum. Divisibility. bility. Phantasmago- Balloon. Decomposition. , Indestructi- ria. Barometer. DuctiUty. bility. Photography. Battery. Induction. Pneumatics. Bellows. Ebullition. Inertia. Porosity. Elasticity. Intensity. Pressure. Caloric. Electricity. Prism. Camera-ob- Evaporation. Kaleidoscope. Properties. scnrat Equilibrium. Pyrometer. Capillary. Expansion. Lactometer. Centrifugal. Experiment. Latent. Eefractioa. Centripetal. Lateral. Reflection. Chromatic. Fusion. Leyden Jar. Resistance. Cohesion. Fusibility. Lever. Resultant. Compressi- bility. Gravitation. Machine. Specific. Compass. Conductibility. Galvanic. Malleability. Siphon. Magnetic. Conductor. Hardness. Mechanics. Telescope. Concave. Hydraulics. Microscope. Tenacity. Convex. Hydrogen. Mirage. Thermometer. Condenser. Hydrometer BOTANY. Aculeate. Connate. Exogenous. Labiate. Acuminate. Convolute. Lanceolate. Adnata. Cordate. Farinaceous. Lateral. Annual. Corolla. Fibrous. Leaflet. Apetalous. Crenate. Filiform. Aquatic. Arborescent. Cruciform. Floral. Monopetaloua. Cuncate. Fugacious. Axillary. Cuspidate. Orbicular, Germ. Ovate. Baccate. Deciduous. Glandular. Bark. Dentate. Glaucous. Palmate. Biennial. Denticulate. Globose. Peduncle. Branches. Glomerate. Perennial. Bulbous. Digitate. Perfoliate. Herbaceous Pericarp. Caducous. Elliptical. Embryo. Hirsute. Petal. Capsule. Hybrid. Primate. Cereal. Endogen. Pistil. Ciliate. Epidermis. Indisenous. Pistillate. Climbing. Evergreen. Involute. Pollen. 68 PHILOSOPHY FORM OB SHAPE. Radical. Scion. Staminate. Tendrils, Eootlet. Serrate. Stellate. Ternate. Eotate. Setaceous. Succulent. Truncate. Sinuate. Tuberous. Sagittate. Stamen. Tap-root. Unduiate. PHTSIOLOOT. Anatomy. Cutaneous. Invertebi'ate. Pleurisy. Aorta. Artery- Auricle. Deglutition. Kidneys. Eespiration. Dentition. Eetina. Dermis. Larynx. Bile. Digestion. Ligaments. Saliva. Blood. Liver. Secretion. Brain. Enamel. Lungs. Skeleton. BroncHtis. Epidermis. Mastication. Spinal. Esophagus. Membraneous. Spleen. Cartilage. Stomach. Cartilaginous. Gastric. Nerves. Cerebellum. Gizzard. Nostril. Tendons. Chyle. Heart. Trachea. Cornea. Hepatic. Pericardium. Tympanum, Cranium. Homogenous. Perspiration. Pleura. Veins. FORM OR SHAPE — TO BE SPELLED AND DEFINED. Acute. Ellipse. Oval. Sector, Angular. Elliptical. Segment. Arc. Equilateral. Parallel. Semicircle, Parallelogram, Sphere. Circle. Hemisphere. Pentagon. Splierical. Circular. Heptagon. Perpendicnlar. Spheroid, Circumference. Hexagon. Prisui. Sjural. Cone. Horizontal. Pyramid. Square. Crescent Cube. Isosceles. Quadrant. Trapezium. Cubical. Triangle. Curved. Oblique. Eadins. Triangular, Cylinder Obtuse. Ehomb, Octagon. Khombcid. BOOKS WEARIN'G APPAKEL. 6d BOOKS, AND TKEIR MAXUFACTURE. The following refer to books, &c. Folio Introduction. Paper. Author, Quarto or 410. Duodecimo or 24mo. Binder. 12mo. Bookseller. Octavo or 8vo. S2mo. 16mo. Kulea. Cover Preface. Marbling. Printer. Stereotype. Electrotype. Margin. Publisher. Type. The principal varieties of type are the follow- ing, — though there are different styles of each : — ■ Small Pica. Pica. Diamond. Ag.'ite. Minion. Brevier. Nonpareil. Miniunetle, Bourgeois. Lono; Primer. Suggestive Questions.— What is a folio ? — quarto ?=-octavo ? Arc all octavo books of the same size ; — What determines tlic hize ? What is meant by preface? — margin? Of what is paper made? What is meant by stereotype? — electrotype? Can you give a description of the process of stereotyping or electrotyping ? ■WEARIXQ APPAREL. Apron. Frock. Mitten. Spencer. Muff. Stock. Bonnet. Gaiter. Muffler, Stockings, Boot. Glove. Surtout, Blouse. Gown. Overcoat. Tippet, Cap. Handkerchief. Pantaloons. Tunic. Cloak. Hat. Coat. Head-dress. Eibbon. Vest. Collar, Hood. Visite. Cor.set. Hose. Scarf. Victorine. Cravat. Slippers. Jacket. Shawl. Waistcoat, Drawers. Shoes. Wristlet. Pr'.'st^ing -gown. Mantilla. Skirt. 70 MISCSLLANE0U9 ARTICLES — -ARCHITECTURB. MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES. The following list contains articles -usually sold in a country variety store, — including groceries and dry goods. Alum. Combs. Lace. Eaisins. Allspice. Alpacca. Comforters. Lawns. Reticules. Cord, Lemons. Hibbons. Corn. Linen. Barege. Cotton, Sage. Batting. Crape. Mace. Sago. Beans. Crash. Matting. Saieratus, Beaver-clotli. Cravats. Meal. ■ Salt. Blankets. Crochet-hooks. Merino. Satin. Bockinsr. Crockery-V/are. Mittens. Satinet. Eroadeioth. Molasses. Sarcenet. Brooms. Drilling. Mousseline-de- Scissors. Brushes. Druf,'get. laine. Sewing silk. Buekram. Muslin. Shawls. Butter. Earthern ware. Mustard. Sheeting. Buttons. i^SgS; Silesia. Elastics. Needles. Silks. Calieo. Nutmegs. Sirup. Cambric. Fijjs. So.np. Canvas. Flannel. Oil. Starch. Carpets. Flour. Oil-cloth. Stockings. Cassia. Onions. Cassimere. Gauze. Oi-anges. Tape. Cheese. Gimp. Tassels. Chocolate. Ginger. Parasols. Teas. Cinnamon. Gingluun. Pearlash. Thimhles. Citron. Gloves. Pepper. Thread. Cloaks. Pins. Thyme. Cloves. Handkerchiefs. Pork. Twist. Cocoa. Hooks and eyes . Porte monnaies . Turnips. Codflsh. Hosiery. Potash. Cort'ee. Potatoes. Collars. Jaconet. ARCHITECTURE. The five ancient orders of architecture are the Composiie^ Cofiiil/tiim, Doric, Jonic, and Tuacan. The following list embraces most of the terms applicable t» vai-ious edifices, and also terms used AnCllITECTURE. 71 in architecture and carpentry. They should be spelled and defined. Their incorporation into sentences as indicated below* will prove a profita- ble exercise. Abutment. Alcove. Apron. Arcade. Ai'ch. Architrave; Arris. AshlerLng. Attic. AUger, Balcony. Balustrade. Base. Basement. Bedroom, Belfry. Belvedere. Bevel. Brace. Bracket. Buttress. Caraber. Oaissorl. Ceiliiig. Cellar. Chamber. Chamfer, Chimney, Chisel, Clamp, Collar-beam. Colonnade. Column. Compasses. Contour, Cornice. Corridor. Cfamp. Crypt. Cupboard. Cupola. Curb-roof. Cut'-roof. Derrick. Dic.^ Dinmj^-rooni. Dome. Door. Dove-tall. Dowel. Di'agoii-bcam. Eaves. Entablature, Facade. Flank. Foreplane. Foundation. Furring. Gable. Gallery Gambrel, Gargoyle. Garret. Gauge, Gimlet, Girder. Girt. Gouge. Groove. Hall. Hip-rafter. flip-roof. Plumb-rule. Postern. Jack-plane, Protractor, Jamb. Puncheon, .Jointer. Purlin. «roistB. Pyramid, Key-stone. Queen-post. King-post. Kitciien. Eafter, Kecess. Level. Eidije-pole, Library, Eoof. Lintel. Booting, Eotunda, Mantel, Mallet. Sash. Mop-board. Scaffolding. Mortise. Scale. Mouldings, Scarfing, Scribing. Nave. Shaft. Niche. Shore. Sill. Panel. Site. Pantry. Partition. Sleepers. Slidmg-rule, ' Pedestal. Span. Pediment, Span-roof. Piazza. Spire. Pier. Square. Pilaster. Stanchion. Pillar. Staircase. Pinnacle. Steeple. Pitch. Stucco. Plate. Studs. Platform, Superstnictura, Plinth, Plumb, Tenon, * The abutments were made of granite and were very substan- tial. John walked tlirough the arcade. The arch was of brick and Well turned. The architrave, fricse and cornice form the entablature of the column. 72 MtLlfARY TERMS. Towet. Tio-beam, TrammeU Truss. TiirrcU Vault. "Walls. Wicket. "Window. MtLtTART TERMS. The following list contains many of tlie term.i used in war and military affairs. They should be studied with reference to their meaning, pronun- ciation and spelling. Most of the terms can be found in either of the utiabridged dictionaries. /^b'atis. Accoutrcmenta, (!ik-ko-tui^ ments.) Ac'tion. Ad'.jutancy. Ad'jutant. (An officei' whose duty it is to aid the com- mandant or major of a regiment. ) Ad'jutant-Gen. Am bulance. Ambuscade' / Am'bush. j Armament. Armistice. Armor. Armorer. Armory. Armstrong gun, (An English gun, named after its in- ventor.) Army. Arriere, (arret') Arrow. Artillcrj'. Assault . Banquette, (bangkef.) Bar'haoim. Baj-bctto. Earshot. Battal'ia, Battal'ion, Bat'tery. Baton. ) Batoon'. J Banners, Barracks. Bastion. Battle. Battle-axe. Battlement. Battering-ram, Bav'onct. Bcleag'uen Besiege. Bivouac, (biv- wnk.) Blockade. Body-guard. Bombard. Bombard- ment, Bom.b, (bum.) ) Bombshell. j Bomb-proof. Breastplate. Breastwork. Brevet'. Brigade, Brigade-Major. Brigadier. Brigadier-Gene- ral. Broadside. Breads word. Cadet. Caisson, (ca'- 8on. or ca- Bon .) Calibre of Cali- ber. Cal'trop or Cal'- throp. Campaign'. Canister-shot) Case-shot. Cannon. Cannonade. Cannoneer. ) Cannonier. f Cannon-proof. Canteen'. Can'tonraent. Capit'ulate. Caponniere, (Kaponcr.') Captain. Carbine. Car'acole. Carronade, Cartel'. Cartouch. Cartridge. Casemate. Cavalry. Chain-shot. Cbamade, (sha- mado'.) Cluqilain. Chajilalncy. Charge. Charger. Chevaux-de» frieze, (sheV" o-de-tree«.) Citadel. Chev'ron. Colonel, (kur'- ■ nek) Columbiad or Pai.xhan, (pay- zan.) A large gun principalTy for tiring sneLs Com'missary, | Commissa'- > riat. ) Commission. Company. Conscription. Contraband. Convoy. Cornet. Corporal. Cori^s, (core.) Coriis-dc-garde» Cortege, (kor'» tazli.) Countermand. Countermarch, Counter-scarp. Counter-sign. Court=-martial. Cuirass, (kwe- ras'.) Cuirassier (kwe-ras- seer'.) Dagger. MILITARY TER\ S. 73 Dahlgren, (A Fluuk. cannon for Fleet. throwing Flotilla. shells, — nam- Foil. eel after the in- Forage. ventor — John Foraging.. A. Dahlgren, Forced march. of the U. S. Fort. navy. ) Fortification. Debouch, (de- Fortress. boosh'.) Furlough, (fur'- Defile. lo.) Deserter. Fusileer. Dirk. Disbandment. Garrison. Discharge. Gauntlet. Discipline. General. Division. Greaves. Double. Grenade. Double quick Guard. step. Guard-mount- Drafting. ing. Dragoon'. Guide. Dress Parade. Guli-boat. Drill. Halberd. Embrasure. Halt. Emissary. Haversack. Encampment. Havelock. Enfield Kifle, (A Helmet. famous rifie Home guard. m a n u fac t u re d Host ag e . at Enfield, Hostilities. England.) Howitzer. Enfilade. Engineer. Infantry. Enlistment. Insubordina- Ensigu. tion. Ep'aulet. Insurrection. Escort. Investment. Escutcheon. In position. Evolution. Inspection. Exemption. Intreuchment. Feigned march. Javelin. Field marshal. Field-piece. Knapsack. File. Flag. Lance. Flag officer. Lancer. Flag of truce. Lieutenant. Flag-stalf. Lieut.-General. Lieutenant- Picket. Colonel. Pike. Limbers. Pillage. Pistol. Mace. Phttoon. Madrier, (ma- Portcullis. drer.') Pontoon. Magazine. Powder. Main body. Projectile. Major. Promotion. ■ Major-General. Manoeuvre or Quartermaster. manoeuver. Quarters. (ma-nu'-ver.) Quickstep. March abreast, -r, ^ March in tile. Rampart. Marine. §^'^'7^- Martello. :Ravehn. Musket battery. Eeur-guard. AT „ .„ •' Eeconnoisanie. Militia. Kccruitmg. Militarv. i^^t'"; , Minie,'(Arifle ^•^loubt ball invented lj«g""cnt. by a Frencii- ^^^S]^^^''^- nvan whose l--K';P"it''l«- ^ name it bears. )^'^'"'"''^^^i^e'^*- Moat. ^Kepulse. Mortar. Kescrve. Munitions. ivetieax. Mutineer. Keveille, (reval Mutiny. or reval ya.) Musket. Revolver. i\r„ ■;» Keview. Mu're'rin. Kicoehet, (nco- sha. ) ^ Pvified. Ordnance. Eoll. Outpost. Roll-call. •r, T J Kout. Pausade. I'arade. Sabre. Parapet. Sack. Parley. Sappers and Parol. ) Miners. Parole. ) Scabbard. Patrol. Scale. Pass. Scaling-laddw Passport. Scimitar | Password. Cimetei. ) Percussion-capi. Scout. Petard. Sertinoi. u POLITICAL TERMS. Sentry. Squadron. Surgeon. Trench. Sentry-box. Standard- Surgeon's call. Troop. Sergeant. bearer. Surrender. Truce. Sharp-shooter. Shield. Statr Swivel. S':orm. Sword. Uniforai. Skirmish. Strategic. Van. Siege. Spear. Stratagem. Stronghold. Taps. Tattoo. Vanguard. Volunteer. Spike. Subaltern. Tent. Spy. Subordinate. Tomahawk. Watchword. Squad. Sutler. Transport. Wing POLITICAL TERMS. The following list contains many of the terms ■used in relation to government and governmental affairs. They should be pronounced, spelled, and defined by the pupils. Adjournment. Altinuatiou. Alien Allegiance. Ambassador, Amendment. Appeal Appointment. Appraisers. Aristocracy. Armory. Arsenal. As.sembly. Assignor. Attainder Attorney Gene- ral. Auditor. Ballot. Ballot-box. Bill Blockade. Bribery. Bureau. Cabinet. Capitation. Census. Charge d' Af. fairs. (Shar- zha-datfar'.) Chaplain. Charter. Chief Justice. Citizenship. Civil Officers. Coin. Coinage. Collector, Colonies. Commander-Ln- Chief Commerce. Commissioner of Indian Af- fairs. Commissioner of Land Of- fice. Commissioner of Patents. Commissioner of Pensions. Confederation. Congress. Consigne* Consignor. Consul. Constitution Corporation. Court, Supreme. District of Claims. of Equity. Debenture. Delegate. Democracy. Departments, E.xecutive. of tlie Inte- rior. of the Navy. of the Post OUicc. of the State. of the Treas urv. of ^V'ar Desjiotism. Diplomacy. Di'uwback. Duties. Election Electoi-s. Electoral Col- lege Embargo. Engrossment Enactment. Enlistment. Envoy. E.xaminers. Excise. E.xcciUive. Exports. Exportation. Faction. Erauking. Fugitives. Government. Grand Jury. Habeas corpus. Impeachment, Indictment. Imposts. Imports. Inspection. Insiioctora. WORDS. 7i Inventions. Misdemeanor. Provost Marshal Speaker. Invoice Monarchy. Specification. Municipal. Quorum. Statute. J iidlcial. SutiVage. Judiciary. Naturalization. Ratification. Surveyor. Judges Xavy. Keconsidera- Judgment. Neutrality. tion. Tariff. Jurisdiction Nomination. Reconstruction. Ta.xatlon. Jurors. Records. Direct. Oath Representative. Indirect. Land Agent. Representation. Tender. Land Office, Pardon. Reprieve. Tonnage. Laws. Party, Reprisal. Treason. Legislation. Passport. Republic. Treasury. Legislature. Patent. Revenue. Treaties. Letters of Patentee. Revolution. Tribunal. Marqne. Pension. Letters of Ke- Petition. Search-war- Verdict. prisal. Politics. rant. Veto. Poll-tax. Secretary. Vice Consul. Mails Port of Entry. Senate. Vice President Jlajority. Postmaster. Senator. Voters. Message. Postmaster- Sergeant-at- Minority. General. arms. Warehouse. Military. Post Office. Soldier. Warrant. Militia. Presentment. Solicitor. Mint. President. Sovereign. Yeas and nays. The study of words and the investigation into their origin and meaning is full of interest. The following examples are given with the hope of securing more attention to the subject. The un- abridged dictionaries of Webster or Worcester and the works of Dr. Trench, on the study of words, will be found very valuable for this ])urpose. After, a comparative from aft, behind. Alderman, was originally elderman. Aloft, on lo/t, that'is, lilted up. Aloxe, all one ; entirely by one's self. Almost, most all ; nearly. Also, so all ; likewise. Aloof, all of ; They Iceep aloof, th.it i.s, away from or off. 76 WORDS. Amass, to bring to the mass^ or heap ; to accumulate. Ant, an abbreviation of emmet, (em't.) Appall, to make pale with fear ; to terrify. Appease, to bring to peace ; to pacify. Atone, to cause to be at one ; to reconcile. Bacon, Swine's flesli baked [bahen) or dried by heat. Bandy, to beat to and fro ; from bandy, an instrument bent at the bottom, for ball playing. Bayonet, from Bayo'iine, a town in France where the article waa first made. Beneficent, from bene facia, (Latin,) to do well. A benificent man does good. Benevolent, from bene volo (Latin,) to wish well. A benevo- lent man wisJtes good. Bedlam, a corruption of the word Bethlehem, the name of a religious edifice in London which was opened for lunatics in 1545. Beetle, from the verb to beat, an instrument used for beat- ing. Bereave, from be and reave, or rive, to take away from. Bewildered, puzzled or perplexed, as a person lost in a wilder- ness, not knowing which way to turn. Boa, from its resemblance to the boa. constrictor. Boggle, to hesitate, to stick as one in a boff. Band, that by which one is bound. Bout, from bow, to bend ; another bout means another turn. BuKLY', originally boorly, that is, like a boor. Cambkic, so called from Cambray, a place noted for its manu- facture. Calico, from Calicut, in India. Candidate, from Candidus, (Latin) meaning white. In Rome candidates for office, or office seekers, were required to wear a white gown or robe. Candlestick, originally a stich for holding a candle. Chilblain, from chill and blain. A chilblain is a blister or Main caused by cold. Closet, a small or close apartment. Clumsy, from clump {clumpsy ; ) shapeless, awkward. Comely, coming together ; fitting, suitable. Coop, formerly a cask or barrel ; hence a cooper was one who made coops or casks. Countenance, the contents of the face ; the whole features taken together. Crumple, from cramp, a contraction or drawing together, Ckipple, from creep. Cud and Quid, what has been already chewed. Damask and Damson, from Laviascus. Doff, to do or put off. Dbatving-koom, a room for withdrawing or rctirirg after din- ner, <«^c. Di»/WL, U draw out one's words slowly. D«oor, to drop or liaug the head ; to languish. Ell, properly means au arm / elbow^ the bow or bend of the arm. The Ell English was lixed by the length of the king'a (ilenry I.) arm, in llol. EiiBAKK, to go into a barh or ship. Enlist, to enter on a list or roll. Endeavor, to do one's devoir, or duty. Fakthing, from fourthing, a division into four parts. Festoon, originally a garland worn at a feast. Fetlock, tiouifoot and lock ; which means either the joint that locks or fastens the foot to the leg, or the lock of hair that grows behind the pastern of a horse. Fokestall, to purchase provisions hefore they reach the stall ; to anticipate, or hinder by preoccupation or prevention. Fortnight, a contraction of fourteen and night. Fulsome, from foul and some. Furlong, originally afurrow long. Gad-fly, from goad andfl//. A lly whose bite is so severe as to goad to madness, almost, the animal bitten. Gang, a number of persons going {ganging) together; as, a TptQS6-gang ; a gatig of thieves. Gangway, the way by which persons go or gang. Gosling, from goose and ling ; a little goose ; the termination ling signifying diminution or little. Grocer, originally applied to one who sold by the gross or wholesale. Jolinson says it should be grosser. Guinea, a coin so called because first made from gold brought from G-uinea. Gunwale, pronounced, and sometimes spelled, gunnel. This word is from gun and wale. Grotesque, this term was originally applied to figures found in ancient grottos in Italy. Haft, is a corruption of Tiaved. The kaft of a knife is that part by which it is haved., that is, held. Hamxier-cloth, the cloth under a coach bo,x where the driver kept hammer, nails, etc. Another explanation is that it is a con- traction from hamper and cloth, from the fact that under the cloth of the coach box the driver usually carried a liamjjer for market purposes. Harebrained, wild, unsettled. " As mad as a March Tiare.^'' Harelip, so called from a supposed resemblance to the lip of hare. Heed, from head. Give heed (head) to what I say. Holster, originally holder. Husband, from liouse and hand ; the husband being the stay Oi support of the family. " The name of a husband, what is it to say 1 Of wife and the houselwld Ihe Oand and the stay." — Tusner. liiAGLNE, to form an image or appearance of auythii:g in the mind. Indenture, an article or writing so called because the counter ^arts were indented or notched so as to coriespond. 7« 78 WORDS. Ink-horn, formerly made of h ^m ; so, powder-^o;vi, drinking- Itoyn^ &c. Jest, a contraction of gesture. A jest was originally a gesture to excite mirth. Jovial, born under the influence of the planet Jupiter or Jove KiNE, a contraction of cotven, ancient plural of cow. Landscape, from land and shape / the shaj)e and appearance of the land in a pi tare. Mayok, the chief magistrate ; from major ^ meaning greater or chief. Maxim, from maximum^ (Latin) the greatest; of the greatest importance. Meanuei'., from the Meander^ a river in Phrygia, noted for ita winding course. Millinery, the goods so called were first imported into Europe from Milan. Mould-board, a part of a |!)low for turning the mould or soil ; formerly made of boards, or wood. Muslin, .so called from Moussul, a city in Turkey, where the article was first made. Nail, (a measure,) distance from the second joint of the finger Xo the end of the nail. Neighbor, probably from nigJt and hoor. KosEGAY, a bunch of fiowers for •■juiell and gai/ appearance. Nostril, from nose and thrill (^to drill or pierce.; In early edi- tions of Spencer it was printed nosethrill, and earlier, noseth'irle. Orrery, a piece of astronomical apparatus invented by Jiowley and named in honor of his patron the Earl of Orrery. Parboil, (part boil,) half boil. Quagmire, from quake and mire. Kally, to re-ally or rc-unite broken pieces. Saucer, originally a dish for holding sauce. Sui'PER, a .simple meal of soiqj. Tadpole, from toad-pole ; a young toad. TwiLiGUT, (between light,) the waning light between day and darkness. Usher, strictly one who stands at the door for the purpose of introducing strangers. An vsher or under teacher is one wlio in- troduces or initiates young children in the rudiments of learning. Waddle, from ivaae ; to waddle is to walk as one wading. "VVaver, from tcave. "lie that wavereth is like a wave of tho sea." H <1 O a a, O c3 a "-> o . c3 CO '^ •3 =^ a ''* o <» ^ © "? . O fco ^ S «2 Eb ©.^'^ ^ S-l ^ _= »j >.« jq S ^2 I I in *f V V= 5 £■= l.1 ■=•1 . I s „ "Y 'f' « £ ? •2 l-?T '■ I.--- i^ I SO p g bij il o H = i c c "S tf T S* £ ?■' Bt ^.^ t£ ^ .5 « -^= .^ ii y i: = - i 'r 5 xMISCELLANEOUS WORDS. On the next one hundred and forty pages will be 'cand about two thousand words, which are frequently Uiispronounced, as well as misspelled. These words are alphabetically arranged, their meaning given, and Ihe pronunciation indicated. After the words, under each letter, will be found a reading-lesson, containing the words given and defined on the preceding pages. This exercise will tend to give a clear illustration of the use or meaning of the several words, and at the same time establish their correct pronunciation. Several of these exercises are followed by brief sen- tences, couplets, or stanzas, designed both as exercises in enunciation and spelling. It will be well to require the pupils, occasionally, to read these in concert. It is believed that the careful improvement of the lessons which follow will prove profitable and satisfactory. DIRECTIONS AFD EXPLANATIONS ABBREVIATIONS. a. stands for adjective. adv. « « adverb. exclam. « u exclamation. f' u u feminine. m. « It masculine. n. » " noun. pi. pp. ppr prep. « « « u plural. participle passive, or perfect participle present. preposition. pron. V. i. u (( pronoun. verb intransitive. V. t. « " verb transitive. pret. Fr. << » preterit tense. French. It. (I . f. To perform by turns, or in succession. ^L-TERN'A-TIVE, n. A choice of two things. AL'VE-OIjAR, a. Containing sockets or cells. A-MASS', r> U To collect in a heap— accumulate. AM-A-TECR', n. One who has a taste for the arts. AM'BUS-CADE, n. A lying concealed, to attack by surprfcre. A-MEL'IOR-ATE, (a-meal'yur-ate,) v. t. To improve. A-MENDE' HON-OR-A-BLE, Fr. A public recantation and reparation. A-MEN'I-TY, Jt. Pleasantness, agreeableness of situation. A-MOUR'. rt. Fr. An unlawful connection in love— a love intrigue. AN-€HO'VY, n. A small fish from the MediterraneMj. AN-DAN'TE, It. In music, a word denoting a movement moderately slow. fi - '^■- - ■■■■ !'■ <' ' ' ■ 'J '. . I '" " J ir 1 ' w i I I M -J TONE, B^LL, liKlTE.— AN"GER, Vl"CIOUS.-€ aaK;6a8J;Sas£* CH as SH ; TH as in THIS. 8* 90 MlSCELLANEOtTS -WOnDS. A-NEM'0-NE, 71. Vv'iml-flower, a genus of plants. AN-I-MAD-VERT', v. i. To rewark upon by itvay of criticism or cenfluro. AN-I-MAL'CULE, n, A very small animal. Ant, n. An emmet, n pismire, a genus of insects. AN'TE-PAST, 7t. A foretaste, something taken before the proper Umo. AN'TE-PE-NULT', 71. The last syllablo of a Word except two. AN'THRA-CITE, n. A hard coal that burns without flame. AN'TI-PODES, n. A teim applied to those who live on opposite sides oi the globe. ANX-TE-TY, (ang-zi'o'ty.) Concern, solicitude. A-ORTA, n. The great artery from the left ventricle of the heart. A-PHEL'ION, (a-fel'yun.) That point of a planet's orbit most distant fVom the Sun. AP-PEL'LA-TIVE, n. A common name in distinction from a proper name ; as, man, tree., AP-PEL'LANT, 77. One who appeals to a higher court. A P0ri'TE-R(-6'KI, L. Arguments a posteriori, are drawn from effects, con» sequences, or facis. A PRI-O'RI, L. Reasoning a priori, is that which infers effects from cauaos previously known, AR'AB, 77. A native of Arabia. AR'A-BIG, 77. The language of the Arabians. AR'A-BLE, a. Fit for tillage. AR-€HI-ME'DES, 77. A distinguished Greek philosopher. AR-RON'DISSE»MENT, (-miing,) Fr. A subdivision of a department fat France. ARG'Tie, a. Northern ; as, the Arctic circle. AR-€HE-LA'US, 77, A king of Judea. Are, (.=ir.) The plural of tho substantive verb. AR'GENT-INE RE-PUB'LI€. The States of Buenos Ayres, S. A. AR'ID, a. Dry, parched with heat. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.-PTNE, MARKNE, BiKD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, HQQK. MISCELLANEOUS "WORDS. 91 AR-I-ET'TA, II. A short song— an air. AR-ITH-.MET'I-€AL, a. According to the rales of aritiimetic ARM'CIIAIR, n. A chair with arms. ARM'IS-TICE, n. A temporary suspension of hostilities by agreernQOl AS-A-FETI-DA, n. An inspissated sap from Persia. AS-CENT, n. Motion upward — an eminence — hill. ASK, V. i. To inquire, or seek by request. ASK'ING, p. pr. Interrogating, inquiring, requostiDg. A-SLANT', a. or adv. On one side, obliquely. Asp, n. A small poisonous serpent. AS-PIR'ANT, n. One who aspires, a candidate. Ass, n. A quadruped of the genus equus. ASTH'MA, (ast'md,) n. A disease of respiration. AS'SIG-NAT. Paper currency, issued by the revolutionary goTemment of France. ATH-E-NE'UM, n. A building for a library. AT-TA-CHE', (at-ta-sha',) Fr. n. One attached to the suit of an embassador. AT-TORN'EY, (at-turn'y,) n. A lawyer. AV FAIT', (o-fa',) Fr. Master of it— equal to it. Aunt, (ant,) n. The sister of one's father or mother. i AU'TOP-SV, 71. Pereonal examination. AUX-IL'IA-RIES, (aug-zil'ya-rez.) Foreign troops in the servlco of natioiu at war. i 4UX-IL'IA-RY, (aug-zi!'ya-re.) A helper — assistant. A-VANT' €OU'RlER, (a-vang' koo'reer.) A person dispatched before, to give notice of approach. AV'O-CAT, (av'o-ca,) Fr. An advocate. A-WRY', a. or adv. Turned or twisted toward one side. AX, n. Improperly written axe. An Instrument for chopping wood. AY, VE,(' , ^ (ih'e,) ady. Yes— yea. rCNE, BULL,TINITE.— AN'GER, VrCIOUS.— € asK;6asJ;SaaZj CH as SH : TH as in THIS. 92 MISCELLANEOUS AVORDS. THE EXCURSION. During a pleasant afternoon in June, I engaged to go on an excursion Avitli a very learned friend of mine, who was a great adept in the arts, and possessed no little acumen in the sciences. He seemed absolutely a complete master of acoustics, aeronautics, the alveolar theory of cavities, the Arabic language, and all the rules relating to causes in the court of admiralty. In- deed, so abstruse was he at times, that there was per- ceptible a slight degree of acerbity in his countenance if one did not see at once the force of his arguments : a peculiarity in him which seemed to confirm the adage, that irritability is the accompaniment of genius. To amass wealth and aggrandize himself was utterly repugnant to his character. Yet I would by no means absolve my friend from all error : he had neither the inventive genius of Archimedes, nor all the virtues of Agesi- laus, king of Sparta ; and some of his statements were merely ad captandum, so that he was fairly entitled to the appellative by which he was usually known. But to return to the excursion which had been adver- tised. After going on board, and passing abaft the en- gine, our friend was struck by the abject appearance ot a boy, whose shoes gave evidence of much abrasion, while the boy himself was completely absorbed in ar MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 95 arithmetical exercise on the abacus. Here, again, I had an opportunity to witness the admirable traits ia my friend's character, for he immediately began to ad- vert to the aliquot part of a number, and explained the principle involved so clearl)', that the boy, as we left, stood agape with astonishment. The city was fast receding from view, and the pano- ramic appearance of the country, with the adjacent vil- lages ornamented here and there by the anemone and beautiful acacia, induced us to secure a more advan- tageous position, where we could obtain an unobstructed view. Accordingly we made an ascent to the upper deck, where my friend found an empty arm-chair, which he secured, and began to animadvert on the style of the buildings in view. Being myself something of an amateur in architecture, I drew his attention to the manifest irregularity of the alternate columns of the Atheneum, and also to the cfreat hight of the statue, in alto-relievo, designed to increase the amenity of the prospect from a distance. One of the passengers was an accessory or auxiliary of a notorious burglar, appearing as savage as an Arab, and was viewed aslant with much curiosity. There was also an aeronaut and an arctic traveler, who had returned home after visiting the Antipodes, bringing with them a beautiful albatross, as white as alabaster, and a live asp, together with a hieroglyphic stone from Palestine, taken from the Aceldama, south of Jerusa- 94 MISCKLLANE0U9 WORDS. lem, and dated during the reign of Archelaus, king of Judea. Our travelers were surrounded by an interesting group, consisting of a ci-devant Spanish alcaid, and his friend, the alcalde of a neighboring town, who had de- cided many an appellant's cause ; and also a distin- guished French avocat, formerly an obscure attorney in an arrondissement near Paris. He had won his way to fame chiefly by his strong opposition to the circulation of the assignats got up by the revolutionary govern- ment. He had but just arrived in the country, with his attache, bound on a mission to the Argentine Re- public, where he had been instructed to ^ay to the authorities that it would be to their advantage to insti- tute a duty, ad valorem, on all French fabrics. I fur- ther noticed among the company a celebrated phy- sician and accoucheur, the owner of many a broad acre of arable soil, and a strong supporter of allopathy, who was aufait of all matters connected with his pro- fession, having at one time displayed much skill on a gun-shot wound in the region of the aorta ; and in cases of autopsy he was acknowledged by even his enemies to be unrivaled. Taking a turn with my friend round the boat, fore and aft, we observed that the machinery had begun to abrade, caused, as the engineer infonned us, by the adverse fortunes of the boat the past year. He had just begun to alternnte between red and white ash anthracite coal, and pre- MISCELLANEOnS 'WORDiS, 05 , J . feiTcd the latter for steam purposes. He isiiled against the owners, charging them with aggrandizing them- selves, and neglecting to procure proper advertisements necessary for the boat. The gong announced the din- ner hour, and from the odors, we had a slight antepast of Avhat was to come. I passed the anchovy sauce to some one who was asking for it, after observing something like ants, or animalcules in the mixture. My friend was doing up matters ad libitum, showing some anxiety to ameliorate his condition at the expense of the boat. Opposite to us, I obs(!rved a young man, just from his alma-mater, in company with his aunt. I now heard some one ask for vocal music, and, to my surprise, my companion gave them a little arietta, Avith the allegro and an- dante ; capitally done. I read in the Advertiser that an armistice had been agreed upon, after the de- tection of the ambuscade, by the avant courier of the general. But had the army been acclimated to that arid country, and been re-enforced by auxiliaries and other adjuncts, the difficulty to acclimate those re- cently arrived from the north would have been less. It ■was an enigma to me, why any one should advertise in a paper with hardly a hundred subscribers ; when the editor of this advertising sheet, instead of being aggrandized by its proceeds, would soon be forced to the alternative of working or starving. The speaker at a political meeting, which was now in full biast in the 96 MISCKLLANE0U5 WORDS. cabin, was a great adulator of the administration, and an aspirant for office He was also afflicted with the asthma, and accented most of his words on the antepe- nult. While charging the opposition with seeking to advance their own aggrandisement, his adm-irers sup- posed him to be endowed with a superior afflatus ; while others, with faces awry, stood agast, denouncing him as a great demagogue, exclaiming, "Aha! after election, you will see who will be governor." A motion to adjourn was now made, and a majority voted " aye." Exercises in Articulation and Spelling. ^^'illiam can debate on either side of the question. "William can debate on neither side of the question. Who ever imagined such an ocean to exist ? Who ever imagined such a notion to exist? I saw the prints, witliout emotion. I saw the prince, without emotion. The magistrates ought to arrest the man. The magistrates sought to arrest the man. "Whom ocean feels through all her countless waves. Who motion feels through all her countless waves. That lasts till night. Tliat last, still night. A great error exists in relation to the subject. A great terror exists in relation to the subject. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. OV B. BAN'QUET, (bank'wet,) n. A feast— a rich entertainment. B A€-€ A-L4U'RE-ATE, n. The degree of bachelor of arts. BAD'IN-AGE, (bad'in-izh,) n. Fr. Light or playAU discourse. BAS'I-LAR, (baz'i-lar,) a. Relating to the base. BA-S^LT, (ba-zolt',) n. ^ rock of igneous origin. BAS-BLEU, (ba-blew,) n. Fr. A literary lady— a blue-stocking. BASK, V. i. To be exposed to genial heat, or benign influences. BASK'ET, n. A domestic vessel, made of various materials. BASS-RE-LIEF', n. Low relief— a figure but a little protuberant BAS'TILE, (bas'teel,) n. Fr. An old castle in Paris. BATH, n. A place for bathing — immersion in a bath. BA'TON ROUGE, (bil'ton roozh.) A town on the Mississippi. BAt'OU, (by'oo,) n. An outlet of a river or lake. BEA'CON, (be'kn,) n. A signal — a light-house. BEARD, (beerd,) n. The hair that grows on the chin and lips. BE-A-TU'"I€, a. Used only of heavenly fruition after death. BEAU I-D£'AL, n. A conception of consummate beauty formed in tha mind. BEAU MONDE', n. Fr. The fashionable world. BED'OU-IN, (bed'oo-een,) v. The name of those Arabs who live in tents. BE-EL'ZE-BUB, n. A prince of devils. BEL' ES-PRlT', (bel' es-pree',) n. A wit — a fine genius. BEAUX' ES-PRITS', (boz' es-pree'.) Plural of bel esprit. BEN-E-FI"CIA-RY, (ben-e-fish'a-re,) n. One who receives any thing as a gift| or is maintained by charity. BE-NEATH', prep. Under, lower in place. BES'TIAL, (best'yal.) a. Having the qualities of a beast. PATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.- NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK.— TONE, BULL, TJNITE, AN' GEB, Vr'CIOUS.— € as K ; e as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; TH as in THIS. 9 98 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. BEV V, n. A flock of quails — a company of females. BI-JOU'TRY, (be-zhoo'lry,) n. Fr. Jewelry. BIL'LET-DOUX, (bil'le-doo,) Fr. A love note, or letter. BI-SEer, V. t. To cut or divide into two parts. BIVOUAC, (biv'wak,) v. t. Fr. To encamp during the night withoilt tetdl or covering. BLANCH, V. t. To whiten — to take out the color. BLANC-MANGE', (blo-inonje',) n. A French d^h for the table. BO'NA-FI'DE, L. With good faith, BLAST, n. A sudden gust of wind. BLA8'PHE-M0US, a. Impiously irreverent toward God. BOMB, (bum,) n. An iron shell filled with explosive materials. BOM-BAUD', (bum-bard',) v. t. To attack with bombs. BOM'BAST, (bum'bast,) n. An inflated style. BON'MOT', (bong'mo*,) n. Fr. A jest, a witty repartee. BON-Vl-VANT', (bong-ve-vang'.) A good fellow. BOOTH, n. A shed of boards or boughs. BOUR-DE AUX', (boor-d5'.) A city in the southwest of France. BOU'DOIR, (bood'wor,) n. Fr. A small private room for curiosities, &«. BOU'LE-VARD, (boo'Ie-var,) n. Fr. Public walks of Paris. BOWL, V. i. To play with bowls, or at bowling. BOWL'DER, 71. A stone of a roundish form, and no determinate size, BOWL'ING-AL'LEY, n. A place for playing bowls. BRAG-A-DO'CIO, (brag-a-do'sho,) n. A boasting fulloW. BRANCH, n. A division — a limb. BRASS, n. An alloy of copper and zinc. BRA'VO, intc7j. Well done. BRIG' AND, n. A robber, a highwayman. BRONCH-l'TIS, (bronk-I'tis,) n, Inflammation of the bronchial niembnme. BU-E'NA VlS'TA, (boo-e'na vis'ta,) n. Mexican. BULL'ION, (bul'yun,) n. Uncoined gold or silver in the mass. ' ■ ' ■■■^ FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PTNE, MARINE, BIRO.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 99 BUOY, (booy,) n, A floating mai-k BUOY'ANT, a. Floating— light— that will not sink. BU-REAU'€KA-CY, (bu-ro'kra-se,) n. A system in which the business of government is carried on in departments. THE BANQUET HALL. The most notable persons assembled at the banquet hall, were those from Baton Rouge, Buena Vista, Bayou Sara, Bourdeaux, a Bedouin Arab with a long "beard, and a person who had been a prisoner at the Bastile. There was also a young man who had received his bac- calaureate, having a little badinage with the basbleu, who produced a piece of basalt from her basket, found in her boudoir, at the base of a figure in bass-relief. Paintings hung in profusion from the walls of the saloon. My beau ideal of a subject, would have been an angel in a beatific vision, with the bestial Beelzebub in the back-ground, troubled with the bronchitis, and lamenting his blasphemous course. I saw a small number, however, a brief enumeration of which may not be amiss. A bel-esprit, covered with bijoutry, sitting. beneath* a tall tree, and handing a bil- let-doux to a bevy of ladies, who had come to take a TONE, BULL, TJNITE.— AN"GER, VI'CIOUS.— € asK;6asJ;Sa9Z; CHasSH; TH as in THIS. 100 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. salt-water bath near the buoy, which served as a bea- con to the sailors. The next represented a brigand, whose cheek had often met the rude blast : he was sit- ting on a bowlder, viewing an army bivouac in the dis- tance. Passing on, we saw what appeared to be a braga- docio, of much brass and bombast, addressing a crowd under a booth on the Boulevards ; while near by, a party was beginning to bowl on a bowling-alley. Fur- ther on, in a large frame, Avas the portrait of a member of the bureaucracy, who had charge of the bullion. Time had begun to blanch the face of one who was wont to bask in the sunshine of royal favor. The guests had begun to bisect the blanc-mange, while the buoyant feelings of the beneficiary of the duke, led him to branch forth to the beau monde in a profusion of bon-mots, and eliciting thereby the bravos of the company. Retiring from the saloon, we saw in the yard of the arsenal some of the bombs which were afterward used by Oudinot to bombard the Eternal City. For Articulation and Spelling. The seas shall waste, the skies in smoke decay, Rocks fall to dust, and mountains melt away. But fixed his word, his saving power remains : Thy realm forever lasts, thy own Messiah reigns. MI8CKLLANE0US WORDS. 101 c. eA€H-IN-NA'TION, (kak-in-na'shuu,) n. Loud laughter. GA'Di, (ka de,) n. A Turkish judge or magisti'ate. GAF'E, (kaffa,) n. A coffee-house. GALF, (kaff,) n. The young of a cow ; in contempt, a stupid person. GA- LOU'ie, n. The principle or matter of heat. €A-LIG'RA-PHY, n. Fair or elegant writing. €AM'E-0, n. A precious stone carved in relief. GAM'E-RA OB-seu'RA, n. An optical instrument. €AM'PH£NE, n. Oil of turpentine. CAP'TAIN, (cap'tin,) n. The chief officer of a company, ship, or mili(iU7 band. GAR'A-BI-NEER', n. A man who carries a carabine. GAR'A-VAN, 71. A company of travelers — a show of wild animals. GAR'NI-VAL, n. A festival in Catholic countries during the week befow Lent. GAR-O-LIN'I-AN, n. An inhabitant of Carolina. GAS-GADE', n. A steep fall of water over a precipice. GA-SI'NO, n. It. la Europe, a club-house. GASK, n. A general term for a pipe, barrel, &.c. GASK'ET, n. A small box for jewels, &c. GAS-Sl-0-PE'IA. (-pe'ya.) n. A constellation in the northern hemisphere. GAST, V. t. To throw, fling, or send. GAST'ING VOTE, n. The vote of the presiding officer, when the affirm* live and negative are equally divided. GAV'AL-GADE, 7(. A procession of persons on horseback. CEM'ENT, (sera'ent,) n. Mortar— glue— solder. GAOUT'CHOUG, (koo'chook,) n. India-rubber. FATE, F-AR, FALL, WHAT.— METE. PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BTRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, VVQLF, BOOK.— TUNE, BULL, IGNITE.- AN' GER, VI' CIOUS.— € as K ; C as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; TH as in THIS. 9* 102 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. CER'E-BRUM, n. The front and larger part of the brain. CER'E-PRAL, a. Pertaining to the cerebrum. CUAFI' X. Husks— refuse — worthless matter. CHA-LYB'E-ATE, a. Impregnated with particles of iron. CH'AMP DE mars, (shiing de miirz,) Fr, An open space in Paris for re- views. CHANCE, n. An event that takes place without being contrived. CH AN'CEL-LOR, n. A judge of the court of chancery. CHAN'CE-RY, n. A court of equity. CHANT, n. A song— melody. CH AP-AR-RAL', n. Sp. A thicket of low evergreen oaks. CllAR'GE D'AF-FAIRES', (ghiir'zha daf-fair'.) A substitute for an em- bassador. CHARL'A-TAN, (shiirl'a-tan.) A quack — an empiric. CHAR-I-VA-RI', (shiir-e-va-ree'.) A mock serenade of discordant music CHAS-TISE', V. t. To correct by punishing. CHAS'TISE-MENT, (chas'tiz-ment,) n. Correction— pimishment. CHAT-EAU', (shat-to',) n. Fr. A castle— a seat in tlie country. CHATTEL, (chat'l,) n. Any aiticle of movable or immovable goods. CHEF D'OiUV'RE, (shcf doov'r,) n. Fr, A maeter-piece or performance in the arts. CHE-MISE', (she-mez',) n. Fr. A shift or under garment worn by femaloi. C!C-E-RO'NE, (sis-e-ro'ne,) n. A guide — an attendant. Cl-DE-VANT, (se-de-vilng',) Fr. Formeily used to designate persons who have been in office, and retired. CIT'I-ZEN, (sit'e-zn,) n. A permanent resident in a city or rountry. CLASP, 71. A hook for fiistening — a throwing of the arras around. CLASS, n. An order or rank of persons— a division. €0-AD'JU-TANT, a. Mutually assisting or operating. €0-AD-JU'TOR, n. One who aids another ; an assistant. Co'eOA, (ko'ko,) 71. A simple preparation of the kernels of the cacao. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT,— M£TE, PREY.-PINE, MARINE, BfRD.- NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, VVQLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 103 €OCirX-NEAL, (koch e-nele,) n. An insect from Mexico, used for dyeing red colors. €0'DI-Ff, (ko'de-fi,) v. t. To reduce to a code or digest, as laws. €OGN'IA€, (kone'j'ak,) n. The best kind of brandy, so named from a town in France. €OG'NI-ZA-BLE, (kog'ue-za-ble,) a. That falls or may fall under judicial notice. COG NI'ZANCE, (kog'nczans,) n. Judicial notice— perception, observation. €OG'NI-ZANT, (kog'ne-zant,) a. Having knowledge of. €OL-I-SE'UM, n. The amphitheater of Vespasian at Rome. €OL-LAB'0-RA-TOR, n. An associate in labor, especially literary or sclen tiflc. COL-LATE', v. t. To lay together and compare— to examine. COLL'IER, (kol'yer.) A digger of coal— a Coal merchant or vessel. €OLL'IER-Y, (kol'yer-y,) n. The place where coal is dug. €OL'P0RT-EUR, n. A distributor of religious tracts and books. COL'UMX, (kol'lum,) n. A pillar— an upright shaft. ■eOM'BAT-ANT, n. A person who combats— a champion. €OM'BAT-ED, pp. Opposed— resisted, contended. €OM'BAT-ING, ppr. Stri\ing to resist— fighting. €0M-MAND', v. t. To order— to direct- to charge. €OME'LY, (kum'ly,) a. Becoming— graceful— handsome. COMME IL FAUT, (kom il fo,) Fr. As it should be. ■eOM'MENT, V. t. To make remarks, or criticisms. COM'MENT-ING, ppr. Criticising— remarking. COM'MU-NISM, n. An association of persona in which there ai'o no sepa- l-ale rights in property. €OM'MU-NIST, n. An advocate of communism. ■GOM'PA-RA-BLE, a. Worthy of Comparison. €OM'PA-EA-BLY, adv. In a manner worthy fo be compared. COM-PEER', n. An equal--a companion, an associate. TCNE, BULL,tINITE.— AN"GEIi, V1"CI0US.— € aa K; 6 as J; S as Z; CH as SH ; ?H as In THIS, 104 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. EOM'PLAI-SANCE, (kom'pla*zan8,) n. A pleasing deportment; ciTilityj condescension. €OM'PLAI-SANT. (kom'pla-ZBnt.l a. Obliging— courteous. €OM'PLAI-SANT-LY, (kora'pla-zant-Iy,J adv. With civility— courteously. COM'PRO-MIT, i\ t. To put to haiard by some prenous act, which cannot be recalled, CON A'MO'RE, /£. With love or pleasure. CON'Cl'O AD CLE'RUM, (kon'she^i ad kle'rum,) L, A sermon to th« clergy. CON'DUIT, (kon'dit,) n. A sewer, drain, or canal. €ON'JU-GAL, a. Matrimonial— connubial ? as, conjugal tics. €ON'NOIS-SEtJR', (kon'nis-sar',) Ft: A person well versed in any subject. CON'QUEST, (konk'west,) n. The act of conquering or vanquishing. eON'SCIENCE, (kon'ehens.) Internal judgment of right and wrong— th« moral sense. CON-SCI-EN'TIOUS, (kon-she-en'shus,) a. Influenced by conscience. €ON-SER-VA'TOR, n. A preserver ft-om injurj- or violation. €ON'STRCE, c. t. To interpret— to translate. €ON'STRtJ-ING, ppr. Expounding— translating. €ON'STRC-ED, (kon'stmd,) pp. Interpreted— translated. €ON-T0UR', (kon-toor',) n. The outline of a figure. €ON'TRE-TEMPS', (con'ti-tUng'.) An accident which throTs every thing into confusion. CON-TRIB'IITE, «. t. To glVe—to pay a share. €ON'TU-ME-LY, n. Contemptuousness— insolence. CON'VER-SANT, a. Acquainted— famUiar with. CON'VER-SAZ-I-O'NE, (kon'ver-sat-ze-5'n5,) n. /{. A meeting fbr con» versation. €ON-VIV'I-AL, a. Social— jovial— festal. €0-QUET'RY, (ko-ket'ry,) n. Attempts to attract admiration— trifling in Icve. FATE, FXR, F^LI^ WHAT.— METE, PREV.-PTNE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLr, B99K. MISCELLAKEOUS WORDS. 105 €0-CiUETTING, (ko-ket'L\g,) ppr. Gaining admirers, and then rejecting them. €0R AL, n. The solid secretion of zoophytes, chiefly carbonate of lime. €0R OL-LA-RY, n. An inference from a preceding proposition. €ORPS, (liore, pi. korz,) n. A body of troops— any tlivision of an army. CORPS DIP-LO-M A-TIQUE', (kore dip-lo-mii-teek',) Ft. The body of min- isters, or diplomatic characters. €OR'PUS-CLE, (kor'pus-sl,) n. Very small particles or atoms. €OR'TE6E, (kor tazh,) n. Fr. A train of attendants. €OS-'I'tJ.ME', n. An established mode of dress. CO-TE-RIE', (ko-te-reV) n. Fr. A circle of familiar friends. CoU'LEUR DE ROSE, (Uoo'Iaur de roze,) Fr. Under an aspect of beauty and attractiveness. COUP DE GRACE', (koo de gras .) A stroke of mercy to one on the rack^ by death. COUP DE M.\IN', (koo de miing'.) An unexpected attack or enterprise. COUP D'CEIL', (koo dale',) Fr. Slight view, glance of the eye. COUP D'E-TAT', (;koo da-tii',) Fr. A sudden decisive blow in politics. COUP'LET, (kup'let,) n. Fr. Two verses— a pair of rhymes. COU-PON', (koo-pong',) n. Fr. An interest certificate printed at the bottom of transferable bonds. COU'RI-ER, (koo're-er,) n. A messenger sent express for conveying letters or dispatches. COURT'E-S Y, (kiu-t'e-sy,) n. Elegance of manners— politeness. COURTE-OUS, (kurt'e-us,) a. Civil, polite, obliging. COURTE'SY, (kurt'sy,) n. The act of civility performed by women. COURTE'S Y, (kurt'sy,) v. i. To perform an act of civility as a woman. COURTIER, (kort'yur,) n. A man who frequents the courts of princes. COV'ENT GAR-DE>f, (kuv'ent gar-den.) n. The name of a theater in Loi>- don. COVER-LET, (kuv'er-let,) n. The cover of a bed. TtNE, BULL,IINITE.— AN"GER, VI"CIOUS.— C asKjfiasJjSaaZ; CH as SH ; Til as in THIS, 106 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. €OV'ERT, (kuv'ert,) a. Covered, hid, dwguiseJ, €OV'ERT-LY, (kuv'erl-ly), adv. Secretly— in pru-ate. €0V'ET-OUS, (kuv'et-us,) a. Eager to obtain — avariciooa. €fiV'E Y, (kuv'y,) n. A brood of birds — a companr — a set. CRAFT'Y, a. Artful, cunning, skillful. €RAUNCH, (kriinch,) v. t. To crush with the teeth. CREATURE, (kret'yur,) n. Th.it which is created— an animah €RES-CEN'DO, It. In music, denotes with an increasing volume of voice. €RI]>V.\SSE', 71. Fr. A deep crevice — a broach. CRI-TlQUE', (kre-teek',) n. Fr. A critical examination of the merits of « performance. €RU1SE, (kruze,> v. i. To saU back and forth. €0'eUM-BER, (kQ'kum-ber,) n. A well-known vegetable. €UI BO'NO, (kl bo'no,) L. For whose benefit. CUlCRASS, (kwe'rass.) A breast-plate. €Uif-RAS-SlER', (kwe-ras-seer',) n. A soldier armed with a cuirass. €Ui-'SlNE', (kwe-zeen',) n. Fr. The cooking depai-tmeut. CULTURE, (kuli/yur,) n. The act of tilling the earth, or improving the mind. CUR-TAIL', r. t. To shorten— to abridge — to cut down. CYCLA-DES, (sik'la-dSze,) n. A number of islands in the Grecian Sea. CYN'O-SURE, (sin'o-shure, or sl'no-shure.) A name given to the constel- lation of the Lesser Bear— any thing to which the attention is strongly turned. CYTH-E-RE'AN, a. Pertaining to the goddess Venus. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK.— TUNE, BULL, TJNITE.— AN" GER, Vr'CIOUS.— € as K ; as J • S as Z ; CH as Sn ; Tli as in THIS. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 107 AN OYERLAM) JOUIiXEY TO CALIFORNIA. During the year 1849, a citizen of New York joined (con amore) an overland company, bound for California. On Ills return, a short time since, he gave a brief ac- count of the journey. After a long cruise in the Gulf of Mexico, we cast anchor in the harbor of Galveston, in Texas. The captain in command, having the casting vote, decided that we should pitch our tents near the chateau of an old Carolinian, who, cognizant of our arrival, greeted us with great complaisance and courtesy. We pur- chased a few coverlets and blankets colored by cochi- neal, and a lot of caoutchouc or India-rubber cement for various purposes, also camphene to give us caloric to boil our cocoa, and a small cask of cogniac for medicinal purposes ; and other goods and chattels which might contribute to our comfort. Before proceeding further, we will introduce the reader to one or two of the prominent members of our company. We will begin with the ci-devant chancellor of one of the eastern states, a lawyer of the first class, whose last business, as a conservator of legal science, was, when acting in a committee with his compeers, appointed by the legislature to construe, comment, col- late, and codify the rides in chancery. He was un- 108 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. fortunate enough to comprorait himself in pohtics, so that he failed of an election to an office for which he aspired, and rather than begin again the practice of the law, he had accepted an appointment from General Taylor to an office in California, The cynosure of all eyes was a Frenchman, courte- ous, complaisant, and conscientious, with an imposing costume and contour, having the affiibility of a court- ier, with the judgment of a connoisseur, viewing mat- ters generally couleur de rose ; and while a member of the corps diplomatique in Rome, he left, after the carnival, for a summer excursion among the Cyclades in the Grecian sea. Returning to Paris, he found the value of coupons reduced so low as to embarrass his pecuniary affairs. He was then appointed to the com- mand of a regiment of carabineers, and afterward to a regiment of curassiers ; but finally doffed the cuirass on hearing the gold reports of Cahfornia. There was, also, one person not troubled vf'iVh a con- science, a mere charlatan, Avho liad fignired, with his coadjutors, in the vicinity of the coliseum in a certain city. This person, after committing a crime, of which the law takes cognizance, or is cogniziible by the law, had succeeded in smuggling himself into the company, by reason of his being conversant with the route to be taken. The company, which was comparable to a caravan 01 cavalcade, or whatever term the reader chooses, MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 109 now took up its line of march, and following tlie directions of our cicerone, we made great progress during the first ten days. The cortege was imposing in appearance : a mounted corps took the lead, and the crescendo of their cytherean chant echoed through the coverts of the chaparral. A collaborator of the colporteur, who acted as courier, found by chance a chalybeate spring, with a natural conduit. It was a delightful spot, with an abundance of grass, giving evidence of former culture. We could not resist the temptation to halt and recruit both man and beast. Our cuisine was soon in operation, having purchased a calf, some wild fowls, and fresh cucumbers from the Indians. The French- man was engaged in a conversazione, commenting on the principles of communism with a devoted commu- nist ; while the comely collier, from a colliery in Penn- sylvania, was complaisantly singing a couplet to a convivial coterie, which was followed by a burst of cachinnation fi'om the group. This was the last really green oasis we met with : all the route now to its termination was marked by suffer- ing and privation, which was construed as a chastise- ment for our cupidity. The treasurer of the company, a covetous, crafty creature, had absconded during the night, probably with the intention of joining another party, taking with him a large sum of money belonging to the company, 10 110 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. also a casket, containing a gold clasp and cameo, and a miniature of a Turkish cadi, set in diamonds. A cre- vasse in the river, comparably small, caused us much trouble. We had noticed hostile Indians covertly watching us for several days. A column of armed combatants, bent upon conquest, made a furious charge upon us, combating like regular soldiers. They were repulsed after a short struggle, and I found that my coadjutant had a serious cerebral wound on the left side of the cerebrum. On, on, we tramped through those dreary solitudes, with nothing better than chaff for our animals, and obhged also to curtail our own provisions ; treated with contumely by the Indians, and during the long still nights the silver moon and twinkling Cassiopeia, the roar of the distant cascade, all, impressed us with a feeling of utter loneliness. For Articulation and Spelling. Eound the rough rocks the ragged rascals ran. The masts stood steadfast through the severest storm. The beasts straggled through the wastes and forests. He twists the texts to suit the ditferent sects. 1 saw a man with a saw saw sis sleek, slim saplings. Up the high hill he heaves a huge round stone. MISCELLANKOUS "WORDS. Ill D. DA-GUERRE'I-AN, (da-ger're-an,) a. Pertaining to Daguerre, or his invea- tion of the daguerreotype. DA-GUERRE'O-TtPE, (da-ger'o-type,) n. A method of fixing images of objects by the camera obscura. DAH'LIA, (dahl'ya,) n. A beautiful compound flower of every variety of hue. DAN'DRUFF, n. A scurf which forms on the head. DAUNT, dant, v. t. To intimidate — to dishearten. DAUNT'ED,pp. Checked by fear— intimidated, abashed. DEB-AU-CHEE', (deb-o-shee',) n. A man given to intemperance or lewd- ness. DE-BOUCH', (de-boosh',) v. i. To issue or march out of a confined place. DE-BRlS', (da-bree',) n. Fr. Various masses detached from mountains, and piled up below. DE-BtJT', (da-bu',) n. Fr. Beginning— a first appearance. DEB-C-TANT', (deb-u-tUng',) n. A person who makes his first appearanos before the public. DE-CrsiVE, (de-sy'siv,) a. Final, conclusive, definitive. DE-CREP'IT, a. Broken down with age and debility. DEF'I-CIT, n. Want— deficiency ; as, a deficit in the revenue. DEG-LU-Tl"TION, (deg-lu-tish"un,) n. The act of swallowing. DE-MAND' v. t. T , ask or call for, as one who has a claim. DE-MISE', (de-mize',) n. The death of any distinguished person— a con- veyance by will. DE-MON'STRA-BLE, a. That may be proved beyond doubt. DE-MON'STRA-BLY, adv. In a manner to preclude doubt. DE-MON'STRA-TIVE, a. Having the power of demonstration. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PRF.Y.— PINE, MARINE, BTRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WOLF, BOQIC— TtNE, BULL, tJNITE.— AN GER, vrCIOUa.— € as K; 6 as J; S os Z; Cli as Sfl; TH as in THIS. 112 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. DE-MT , n. A kind of paper of small size. DENT'I-FRICE, (dent'e-fris,) n. A powder for cleaning the teetb DE-PA RT'URE, (de-part'yur,) n. The act of going away. DE-Por, (de-p6',) n. Fr. A place of deposit. DE-PR£'CIATE, (de-pre'shate,) v. t. To undervalue. DEP-Rl-VA'TION, n. The aci of depriving— loss— want. DES-HA-BILLE', (dcs-a-bil',) n. An undress — any home dress. DE-SID-ER-A'TUM, (j)l. de-sid-e-ra'ta,) n. That whiah is desired. DES'IG-NATE, v. t. To mark out or show so as to make known. DES'PI-€A-BLE, (des'pe-ka-bl,) a. Contemptible, mean, vile. DE$-SERT', (dez-zert',) n. The last course at the table. DES'UE-TUDE, (des'we-tude,) n. Discontinuance of practice, custom, of fashion. DES'UL-TO-RY, a. Unconnected— iramethodical. DE-TAIL', n. Particulars — as the details of a scheme. DET-ES-TA'TION, n. Extreme hatred— abhorrence. DET-0-NA'TION, n. An explosion, or sudden report. DE-TOUR', (da-toor',) n. Fr. A turning — a circuitous way. DEV'AS-TATE, v. t. To lay waste— to ravage. DE-VOIR', (dev-wor',) n. Fr. An act of civility or respect. DI-ATH'E-SIS, n. Particular disposition or habit of body, good or bad. DI-ATRIB-IST, n. One who prolongs his discourse or discussion. DICTUM, (pi. dic'ta,) n. L. An authoritative assertion or saying. DIL-ET-TAN'TE, (dil-ct-tan'ta ; pi. dil-et-tan'ti,) 71. It. An admirer or lovef of the fine arts. DIL'I-ftENCE, (dil'e-zhanse,) n. The name of a kind of stage-coach used in France. DIPH'THONG, (dirthong,) n. A union of two vowels in one syllable. DIP-LO-MAT'IC, a. Pertaining to diplomas, privileged. DIS-AD-VAN-TA'CEOUS, a. Unfavorable to success— inconvenient. DIS-ARM', (diz-ilrm',) v. t. To deprive of arms — to render harmless. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BJRD.- NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, VV^QLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 113 DIS-AS'TER, (diz-iis'ter,) n. Misfortune, mishap, calamity. DlS-CERN', (diz-zern',) v. t. To distinguish — to discriminate — to see. DIS-COM'FIT, (dis-cum'fit,) v. t. To rout, to defeat, to vanquish. DIS-COURT'E-OUS, (dis-liurt'e-us,) a. Uncivil, wanting in good manners. DIS-DAIN', (diz-dain',) n. Contempt, scorn. DIS-FRAN'CHISE, (dis-fran'chiz,) v. t. To deprive of the rights and pri«- loges of a free citizen. DIS-FRAN'CHIS-ED, (dis-fran'chizd,) pp. or a. Deprived of the rights of a free citizen. DIS-FRAN'CmSE-MENT, (dis-fran'chiz-ment,) n. The act of disfranchiaing. DI$-H(JN'EST, (diz-cn'esU) a. Void of honesty, destitute of probity. DIS-HUN'OR-A-BLE, (diz-cn'or-a-bl,) a. Destitute of honor, base. DIS-IN'TE-GRATE, v. t. To separate the integrant parts of. DIS-tN'TE-GRA-TED, pp. Separated into integrant parts without chemical action. DIS-IN'TER-EST-ED-NESS, n. Freedom from bias or prejudice on ao- comit of private interest DIS'L0-€A.TE, v. t. To displace— to put out of joint. DIS'LO-€A-TED,pp. or a. Removed from its proper place. DIS-0-BLI6E', u. t. To do an act which contravenes the will or desires of another. DIS-6\VN', (diz-own',) v. t. To deny — to refuse to acknowledge as belonging to one's self. DIS'PU-TA-BLE, a. That may be disputed or controverted. DIS'PU-TANT, n. One who disputes, a controvertist. DIS-SOLVE', (diz-zolv',) v. t. To melt or liquefy, by means of heat or moisture. DIS'TI€H, (dis'tik,) n. A couplet— an epigram of two verses. DIS-TRIB'UTE, V. t. To divide among two or more. DI-VERT'ISE-MENT, (de-vert'iz-ment.) A short entertainment between the acts of longer pieces. TCNE, BULL, TINITE.— AN"GER, VI"CIOUS.— C asK;6a3J: SasZ; CH as SH : TH as in THIS. 10* ll4 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. DI-VULGE , (de-vulj',) v. t. To make public, to reveal, to disclose. DOL'OR-OUS, a. Son-owful, doleful, dismal. D0-M1N'I€-AN, a. or re. An order of monks. DON'A-TIVE, a. Vested or vesting by donation. DOIi'IC, a. Lo architectuie, denoting tlie second order of columns between the Tuscan and Ionic. DbUB LE-EN-TEN'DRE, (doob'l-iin-tan'dr,) n. Fr. Double meaning of a word or expression. DOTH, (duth.) The third person irregular of do. DOUCHE, (doosh,) n. A jet of water directed with force on to some dia- eaai^j pai't of the body. DOUGfl'TY, (dou'ty,) a. In burlesque, brave, valiant, noble. DRAFT, n. An order directing the payment of money — a bill of exchange. DRAUGHT, (draft,) n. The quantity of liquor drank at once. DRAM'A-TIS PER-SO'N^, L. Actors representing the characters in a play. DRAM'A-TIST, n. The author of a dramatic composition. DROM'E-DA-RY, (drum'e-der-ry,) n. A species of camel. DRUM'MOND LIGHT, (from Lieut. Drummond.) A very intense light, produced by turning two streams of gfis— one oxygen, and the other hy- drogen — in a state of ignition, on a ball of lime. DU€'AT, (duk'at,) n. A coin of several countries in Europe : the silver ducat is of equal value to the American dollar, and the gold ducat of twice the value. 5U€'TILE, (duk'til,) a. Easily led or drawn— flexible, pliable. DO'RA MA'TER, n. L. The outer membrane of the brain. FATE, FAR. FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, *1AR11NE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, VVQLF, BQOK.— TONE, BUn^ UNITE.— AN" GEE, vr'CIOUS,— € as K ; 6 aa J ; S as Z ; CH as Sfc J TH as m TUia MISCELLANEOUS WOTIDS. 116 THE DAGUERREIAN GALLERY. The demand for daguerreotypes has, of late, given quite an impetus to tliis branch of the fine arts. Its demonstrable superiority over all other modes, in giving a true and life-like impression, is no longer a disputable question. I shall disarm disputants of all suspicions of my own disinterestedness, in a most decisive manner, Avhen I refuse to designate or divulo-e the name of the artist, in whose gallery we spent a brief half hom% taking a desultory view of all we could discern. Presuming the reader to have a reasonable detesta- tion of too much detail, we shall not be so discourteous as to disoblige him, by assuming the function of the doughty diatribist on the present occasion. The first we observed was in a disadvantageoiis light, and represented a group at the dinner-table, partaking of the dessert which the waiter had begun to dis- tribute. A decrepit gentleman seemed to enjoy the process of deglutition, while it was quite evident that his teeth had been unused to the action of dentifrice. The image of a dishonest diplomatic individual next attracted our attention. It is said that he was dis- franchised for the dishonorable deficit of ten thousand ducats which was detected in his accounts. It appears that his conscience was sufficiently ductile to enable 116 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. him to conceal a draft of the above amount, and to dis- own with disdain all knowledge of the embezzlement, and to regard his disfranchisement as of little conse- quence. It is demonstrably certain, by the distich appended to the design, that the person with the dolorous coun- tenance in the act of taking a douche bath in the Doric structure, to improve the diathesis of his system, had met with a disaster which dislocated one of his hmbs ; or perhaps a draught of that despicable liquor which, we trust, is rapidly going into desuetude, may have had something to do with his present condition. The most striking piece in the collection was a scene laid in Mexico, representing an army making prepara- tions to debouch from a dangerous defile, where masses of debris, composed of disintegrated rock, that had taken the sun and atmosphere a long time to disin- tegrate, were precipitated with such a detonation or report, as to daunt the heart of any one capable of beinsf daunted. The effects of the disaster were of such a demonstrative character as to devastate the country, depreciate the value of property, and cause the demise of many distinguished individuals. Previous to our departure, our attention was arrested by the grotesque figure of a dramatist, instructing a debutant how to make his debut in the divertisement as a Dominican friar, riding on a dromedary, soliciting donative offerings from a dilettante, with a dahlia m his MISCKLLANKOUS WORDS. 117 liand, and in the act of stepping from a Fi-ench dili- gence. The flash of the Drummond hght, which came in at the windows, would dissolve and discomfit the lurking darkness so suddenly as almost to cause a deprivation of sio-ht. For Articulation and Spelling. Amidst the mists and coldest frosts, "With barest wrists and stoutest boasts, He thrusts his fists against the posts, And still insists he sees the ghosts. His falchion flashed along the Nile ; His hosts he led through Alpine snows; O'er Moscow's towers, that blazed the while, His eagle flag unrolled and froze. Slowly and sadly we laid him down, From the field of his fame fresh and gory. I love my coimtry's pine-clad hills. Her thousand bright and gushing rills, Her sunshine and her storms ; Her rough and rugged rocks, that rear Their hoary heads high in the air, In wild fantastic forms. And where the finest streams through tangled forests stray, E'en there the wildest beasts steal forth upon their prey. 118 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. EAU' DE €0-LOGNE', (o'de-ko-lOne',) n. Fr. A perfumed spirit, originally prepared at Cologne. EGPl'E-LON, (esh'e-lon,) n. Fr. In military tactics, the position of an army in the form of steps, or with one division more in advance than another. E'ER, (ar.) Contracted from ever, used in poetry, and sometimes in prose. E-GR£'6I0US, (e-grejus,) a. Used mostly in a bad sense; as, an egre- gious mistake, rascal, &c. El'THER, (e'ther or I'ther.) The former prommciation prevails in Amer- ica, the latter in England. EL-EE-MOS'Y-NA-RY, a. Given in charity, relating to charitable dona* tions. E-LEVE', (S-lave',) n. Fr. One brought up or protected by another. E-LITE', (a-leet',) n. Fr. A choice or select body. E-LYS'IAN, (e-lizh'yan,) a. Exceedingly delightful. E-LYS'IUJI, (e-lizh yum,) n. In mythology, a place for happy Bouls after death. EM-BON-POINT', (iing-bong-pwa',) Fr. Plumpness of body or person. EM-EN-DA'TION, n. The act of altering for the better, correction. E-MEUTE', (a-raiit',) n. Fr. A seditious commotion or mob. EM-PY-RE'AN, n. The highest heaven. EN-AM'OR-ED, (en-am'urd,) pp. or a. Inflamed with love, charmed, de- lighted. EN-CIENTE', (iing-sant',) a. In law, pregnant— with child. EN-CHANT'LNG, a. Delighting, charming, ravishing. EN-eORE', (ang-kore',) Fr. Once more— again. E-NERV'ATE, v. t. To weaken— to render feeble. E-NERV'A-TED,pp. or o. Weakened— enfeebled. E-NERV'A-TING, ppr. or a. Depriving of force or vigor. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, IMARlNE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 119 EN-FI-LADE', v. t. To rake with shot in the direction of a line EN-FRAN'CHI$E, (-chiz.) To set free ; to liberate from slavery. EN-FRAN'CHIS-ED, (en-fran'chizd,) pp. or a. Admitted to the rights of freemen. EN'GINE, (en'jin,) n. A machine for the production or multiplication of mechanical powers. EN"GLISH, (ing'glish,) a. Belonging to England or its inhabitants. EN"GLAND, (ing'land,) n. One of the three British islands. EN-HANCE', (en-hans',) v. t. To raise, to advance, to highten. EN MASSE', (ang-mass',) Fr. In the mass or whole body. EN-NUr, (ang-we',) Fr. Dullness of spirit — languor. EN PAS'SANT, (ang-pas'sang,) Fr. In passing— by the way. EN ROUTE', (ang-root',) Fr. Upon the road— in progi-ess. EN-SEM'BLE, (iing-siim'bl,) n. Fr, The whole— all the pai-ts taken to- gether. EN-TRANCED, (en-transt',) pp. or a. Put in a trance— enraptured. EN'TRE NOUS, (ang'tr-noo,) Fr. Between ourselves. EN'TRE-POr, (ang'tr-p5',) Fr. A warehouse for the deposit of goods. EN'VEL-OPE, (iing'vel-5pe,) n. Fr. A wrapper, an inclosing cover. E-QUA-NIM'I-TY, n. Evenness of mind— not easily elated or depressed. EQ'UI-PA6E, (ek'we-paje,) n. Accouterments, retinue. £RE, (Sr,) adv. or prep. Before— sooner than. ES'PI-0N-A6E, (es'pe-on-aje,) n. The practice or employment of spies. ES-PRir DE CORPS', (es-prS'de-kor',) Fr. The spu-it of the body or so- ciety ; as, from association. E-TAT' MA'JOR, (a-ta'mii'zhor.) Officers and sub-offlcers. ET-I-QtJETTE', (et-e-ket',) n. Forms of ceremony or decorum. EU-RO-PE'AN, a. Pertaining to Europe. EV'ER-Y, a. Each one of a whole number. EWE, (yu,) n. A female sheep. EX-A-CER'BATE, v. t. To irritate— to exasperate. TONE BULL, TINITE.— AN"GER, VI'CIOUS.-C asK;6asJ;Sa8Z; CH as Sli ; TH as in THIS. 120 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. EX-A-CER'BA-TED, ^eks-a-ser'ba-ted,) pp. Exasperated. EX-A-CER'BA-TING, (eks-a-cer'ba-ting,) ppr. Exasperating, EX €A-TH£'DRA, L. With authority, or dogmatism. EX-CUR SION, (eks-kur'shun,) n. A rambling, a jouj-ney, digression. EX NE-CES-Sl-TA'TE, i>. Of necessity. EX'OR-CISM, n. The expulsion of evil spirits from persons or places. EX PAR'TE, L. On one side only. EX'PLE-TIVE, n. In language, words or syllables not necessary to the sense. EX-PO-SE', (eks-po-z5',) n. Fr. A formal statement or recital. EX'QUI-SITE, (eks'kwe-zit,) a. Nice, exact, very excellent. EX'TANT, a. In being — now subsisting. EX-TEM'PO-RE, adv. Without previous study. EX-TRAOR'DI-NA-RY, (eks-tror'de-na-ry,) a. Uncommou— wonderful. EX-ULT', (egz-ult'j) v. i. To rejoice — to triumph. THE FRENCH PRESIDENT. The empyrean rung with egregious and extraordi- nary plaudits when the enfranchised citizens of France, en masse, elevated Louis Bonaparte to the highest office in their gift. Jree from the ennui and enervating influences of confinement, we see him at once entranced and enam- ored with power ; looking to the soldiery as the most powerful engine to enhance his authority, he, by some species of exorcism, contrives to eradicate republican tendencies, particularly with the etat-major, and sub- MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 121 stitute in their place opinions more congenial with his own ambition. If he would enfranchise those whom he has dis- franchised ; if he would cease to enei-vate industry by his immense military establishment, which has con- tributed to exacerbate the feelings of economists ; if he would abohsh his system of espionage, and reduce to republican dimensions his exquisite etiquette and equi- page, so enchanting to the elite, ere long he might obtain more than a European celebrity, and the friends of enervated industry, and universal liberty throughout England and America, would have occa- sion to exult over the prospects of the future. Proba- bly the president considers the word republic a mere expletive, and, if it were possible, would most heartily wish it transferred to the vocabulary of Elysium, it having so often disturbed the equanimity of his mind. If the work he is said to have written is still extant, and if he have occasion to revise it, there will undoubt- edly be many important emendations. The eleemosy- nary institutions in the vicinity of the Elysian Fields should be placed upon a footing so as to ccmpare favorablv with those of the Enghsh. 11 122 MISCELLANEOUS "WORDS. F. FA-^ADE', (fa-sade',) 77. Fr. Front view of an edifice. FA'CIAL, (fa'shal,) a. Pertaining to the face. FACILE, (fas'il,) a. Easy, pliant, courteous. FAC-TO'TU.M, 71. A person employed to do all kinds of work. FA-MIL-IAR'I-TY, (fa-ini!-yar'e-te,) n. Intimacy, freedom from ceremony FAST, adv. Swiftly, rapidly. FA-RI'N.'V, n. Pollen ; the flour of any species of corn. FAS-TID'I-OUS, (fas-tid'e-us,) a. Over-nice— difficult to please. FAU'BGURG, (fu'boorg,) n. Fr. A suburb in French cities. FAU'CET, (faw'set,) n. An instrument for drawing liquids from casks. FAUX'-PAS, (fo'-pii,) Fr. A ;nistake— a false step. FAU-TEUIL', (fo-tcul',) n. Fr. An arm-chair — an easy-chair. FA'VOR-ITE, (fa'vur-it,) a. Regarded with affection. FEAT'IIRE, (fSat'yur.) n. The make or form of face, lineament, outline. FKTE, (mte,) 71. Fr. A festival holiday. FKTE CHAM-PKTRE', (fat-sham-patr',) n. Fr. A festival in the open air. FET'I-CHISM, (fet'e-shizm,) n. The worship of trees, stones, &c. FET'lD, a. Having an offensivo smell. FIG'TIRE, (fig'yur,) v. i. To make a show. FI-NA'LE, (fe-nii'le,) n. It. Close— termination. Fi-NANCE', (fe-nans',) n. Revenue— income. Fl-N.^N'CES, (fe-nan'cez,) 71.7?;. Funds in the treasury— revenue. FI-NAN'CIAL, (fe-nan'shal,) a. Pertaining to public revenue. FIN-AN-CI£R', (fin-an-seer',) n. One skilled in money matters. Fi-NESSE', (.'e-ness',) n. Artifice — stratagem. FIS'STIRE, (fish'yur,) 71. A longitudinal opening. FLA€'C1D, (flak'sid,) a. Soft and weak— limber. FLAUNT, V. i. To display ostentatiously. : - ■'■->.: ^ ■'-■'■ a FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— IMETE, PRSY.- PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BOQK. MISCELLANEOUS WOKDS. l^S FLOR'IN, n. A Eui-opean coin of different values. FOR'EIGN-ER, (for'in-er,) n. One bom in a foreign countrj-. FO-REN'SI€, a. Belonging to courts of judicature. FORTE, n. Fr. The strong point— the art in which one excels. FOR'TE, (for'ta,) adv. A direction to sing or play with force. FOR-TIS'SI-MO, It. In music, a direction to sing with the utmost strength or loudness. FORT'NIGHT, (fort'nlte,) n. Two weeks. FOR'TIJNE, (fort'yun,) n. Luck — possessions— wealth. FRANCE. A countiy in the west of Europe. FRA-TER'NIZE, v. i. To associate or hold fellowship as brothera. FRERE, (frare,) n. Fr. A brother. FO'TIIRE, (fut'yur,) n. Time to come. THE FETE CE/OIPETRE K PAKIS. The ffite champetre, which is sometimes held as often as once in each fortnight, is attended by citizens from every faubourg in Paris. The sharp financier, in a fair way to accumulate a fortune, leaves finances and financial matters with his factotum, who is taking his first lessons in finance. The fastidious foreigner, for the first time in France, travels fast in order to fraternize with his freres, and part with his florins at the fete. The dwellers in fetid alleys and narrow fissures TONE, BULL, TJNITE.— AN"GER, VI"CIOUS.— € as K; 6 as^J; S as Z CH as BH ; Til as in THIS. 124 MISCELLANEOUS "WORDS. pour forth, with flaccid muscles, to flaunt and figure in their favorite walks. The fagade of a beautiful structure is decorated with various designs, and, as the festival approaches its finale, a facile speaker of broad facial angle, and of undoubted famiharity with forensic finesse, expatiates on the glories of the future. Art and nature have done so much for Paris, that there is a trace of fetichisra discoverable in the religious sentiment of its inhabit- ants. The Storm. A drowsy stillness steals along the plain ; The leaves hang motionless on every tree ; The twittering swallow glides along the ground, While cautious pigeons seek the sheltering eave? The geese, that o'er the green so stately stalked. Fly toward the gloomy west with heavy wing. And give a noisy welcome to the rain. The cattle from the hills come early home, And from the fallow ground the laborer turns, Long ere the hour of sunset, with an eye That reads the secrets of the heavens as well As though it opened first in Chaldea's land. Along the road the mimic whirlwind runs, And with its unseen fingers lifts the dust; The town-retarning wagon faster moves, And down the hill, and o'er the sandy plain. The village Jehu makes the coach-wheels spin His horn's wild music swelling on the ear. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 126 O. GAE LI€, (ga'lik,) n. The language of the Highlanders of Scotland. GAIU'ISH, (gar'ish,) a. Gaudy, showy. GAL' LOWS, (gal'lus,) n. An instrument for the execution of criminals by hanging. GAL'VES-TON, n. A town in Texas. G.^N-Y-ME'DE, (gan-e-mg'de.) In mythology, the cup-bearer of the Im- mortals. GAM'UT, n. A scale on which notes in music are printed, GASP, n. The act of opening the mouth to catch the breath. GAPE, v. i. To yawn ; to open the mouth wide, from sleepiness. GAUNT, (giint,) a. Vacant, hollow, empty. GEN-DARME', (zhan-darm',) n. Fr, In France, one of a select body of troops. ftES'TIIRE, (jest'yur,) n. A motion of the body or limbs expressive of sentiment or passion. GEY'SER, (gi'ser,) n. The name of certain fountains in Iceland. GHAST'LY, a. Death-like— dismal. fil-RAFFE', (je-raf,) n. The camelopard. GLA'CIER, (gla'seer,) n. A field of ice in the valleys of the Alps. GLANCE, M. A momentary view. GLANCED, (glanst,) pp. Shot or darted suddenly. GLASS, n. A hard, brittle transparent substance. GLO'RI-A IN EX-CEL'SIS, L. Glory in the highest. GNEISS, (nice,) n. A species of rock composed of quartz, feldspar, and mica. GOL'GOTH-A, n. St. Matthew 27th chap. 33d verse. GON'DO-LA, n. A Venetian pleasure-boat. FATE, I'AR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARlNK, BiRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WOLF, BOOK.— TUNE, BULL, IGNITE.— AN* GER, V1"CI0US.— € as K ; 6 as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; TH as In THISL 11* 126 MISCELLANEOUS WOUDS. GOR'GEOUS, (gorjus,) a. Showy— splendid. GRAD'TJ-AL, (grad'yu-iJ..' a. Proceeding by steps or degrees. GRAFT, V. t. To insert a bud or cion into another tree. GRAND'EUR, (grand'yur,) n. Greatness— magnificence. GRAND-VIZ'IER, (-vizh'yer,) n. The chief minister of the Turkish empire. GRANT, n. The act of granting— a gift. GRASP, V. i. To catch— to seize. GRASS, n. Herbage. GREASE, (greze,) v. t. To smear or daub with grease or fat. GREASE, (grees,) n. Animal fat in a soft state. GREAS'Y, (greez'y,) a. Oily— unctuous. GREAS'ED, (greezd,) pp. Smeared with oily matter. GRI-MACE', (gre-mase',) n. A distortion of the countenance. GRI-MAC'ED, (gre-mast',) a. Distorted— having a crabbed look. GRIND'STONE, n. A flat circular stone used for sharpening tools. GRl'SONS, (gre'zunz.) n. pi. The inhabitants of the Eastern Swiss Alps. GROAT, (grawt,) n. An English coin, equal to fourpence. GROS, Cgro,) Fr. Thick, strong: used in compomid words ; as, gros-de-nap, gros-de-tours. GUA'NO, n. Excrement of sea-fowls, used as a manure. GUARD'I-AN, (gard'e-an,) n. A warden— one to whom any thing is com- mitted for safe keeping. GUIL'LO-TiNE, (gil'lo-tecn,) n. Fr. A machine for beheading persons at a stroke. GUM-AR'A-Bie, n. A gum from Arabia, Egypt, &c. 6Yai-NA'SI-UM, (jira-na'ze-um,) n. A place where athletic exercises are performed. 6YVES, (jTvez,) n. Fellers. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.- NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, KQOK.- TCNE, BULL, TJNITE.— AN GER, Vl'ClOL'S.— € aa K ; 6 as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; TH as in THIS MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 127' THE MAN m THE RAILROAD CAR. A TALL, gaunt man, with his head almost as high as that of a giraffe, waa descanting with much gesture, in a raih'oad car, on some of the events of his hfe. He remarked that while he was a gendarme, during the French Revolution, he narrowly escaped the ghastly guillotine or galloAVs, and, without a groat, found his way to the highlands in Scotland, where he acquired a smattering of Gaelic, visited Iceland, took a glance at the Geysers, departed thence for Venice, where he had notice of a grant of land in his favor. He then opened a gymnasium, was successful in business, and being now indoctrinated with republican principles, he determined to emigrate to America. But before leaving the old country, he made a short Eastern tour. At Constantinople he received a friendly grasp from the hand of the Grand-Vizier. Spoke of the gorgeous grandeur of a sunset on the Alps, as the rays of the sun glanced on the glaciers of the Grisons. Described the gairish gondolas of Venice, and other things not necessary to be recorded in this brief para- graph. He finally located on a farm near Galveston, in Texas, and understood enough of mineralogy to dis- tinguish the difference between gneiss and feldspar, and 128 MIf5CELLAXEntTS WORDS. enough of horticulture to graft his fruit-trees scientifi- cally, using gum-arabic to protect the incision from the air. By the help of guano he raised fine grass, turned his grindstone by water-power, covered his hot-beds with glass frames, made no grimace when the tax- collector called on him, and he has determined, until the last gasp, to remain a guardian of republican in- stitutions. For Articulation and Spelling. A benevolent disposition is manifested in beneficent ac- tions. One important recommendation of politeness is, that it serves to promote human happiness. I would earnestly solicit an expression of your opinion. He is an illiterate man, and can not be expected to take an interest in literary matters. The speaker had a guttural quality in his utterance, which he endeavored, by strenuous efforts, to overcome. A model vessel is struggling amidst the war of elements, quivering and shivering, shrinking and battling like a liv- ing, thinking being. The merciless, racking whirlwinds, like frightful fiends, howl and moan, and send sliarp, shrill shrieks through the creaking cordage, snapping the sheets and masts. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. ] 29 II. IIAOI-EN'DA, (hil-se-en'dii,') S;). An isolated farm of farm-house. HA€K'NEY-ED, (hak'nid,) pp. or a. Used much or in common— practiced. HAL'CY-ON, (hal'se-on,) a. Cahn, peaceful, happy, quiet. HALF, (hiir,) pi. HALVES, (havz,) n. One part of a thing which is di- vided into two equal parts. BALF'-PA Y, n. Half the amount of wages or salary. HJVL'I-BUT, n. A fish of the genus Hippoglossus. HAND'KER-CHIEF, (hank'er-chif,) n. A piece of silk or linen used tor cleaning the face. HA-RANGUE', (ha-rang',) v. i. To make an address or speech. HAR'ASS, V. t. To weary — to fatigue to excess. HAR' ASS-ED, (har'ast,) pp. Wearied, tired, teased. HAR'EM, n. The division alloted to females in the large dwelling-house* of the East. HAUNT, (hiint,) iu A place to which one frequently resorts. HAU-TEUR', (ho-tQre' or ho-taur',) n. Fr. Pride— haughtiness. HEARTH, (hiirth,) 71. A pavement in a chimney, on which a flre is madi HEIGH'-HO, (hi'-ho.) An exclamation expressing some degree of langu^f or uneasiness. HEIN'OUS, (ha'nus,) a. Odious— enomious — aggravated. HEM'1S-T1€H, (hem'e-slik,) n. Half a poetic verse. HEM'OR-RHA6E, (hem'ur-raje,) n. Any discharge of blood flX)m vc5b..'>lf destined to contain it. HER-E-DIT'A-MENT, n. Any species of pioperty that may be inherited. HER'O-INE, (her'o-in,) n. A female hero. HER'0-ISM, n. The qualities of a hero— bravery, courage. HER'RING, n. A fish of the genus Clupea. FATE, FAR, FALI^ WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BTRlJ.w NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BOQK.— TONE, BULL, IJNITE, Al GER, Vr'CIOUS.— € as K ; G as J ; S as Z ; CH as SM ; TH as in TfHS, 130 MISCELLAXF.OUS 1V0T?D3. HI€'€OUGH, (bik'up,) n. Convulsive catch of the respiratoii;- musclsc HOGS'HEAD, (hogz'hed,) n. A largo cask. HOME'LY, a. Plain, not handsonse. HOME-OP' A-THIST, n. A believer in homeopathy. HO-JIE-OP'A-THY. The doctrine or theory of cui-ing diseases with yery minute doaes of medicine, by producing in the patient affections similar to those of the disease. HOS'PI-TA-BLE, a. Kind to strangers and guests. HOS'PI-TA-BLY, adv. With kindness to strangers and guests. HC'GUE-NOT, (hu'ge-not.) n. A name formerly given to a Protestant in France. HUR-RA', exelam. A shout of joy or exultation. Hf-DROP' A-THIST, n. One who practices hydropathy. Ht'-DROP'A-THY, n. A mode of treating diseases by the use of water. Hf-6I-£NE', 71. The art of preserving health. HY-PO€;'Rl-SY, (hip-pok're-sy,) n. Simulatioti, false pretense. THE IJfVALID. An officer who had reth-ed on half-pay, and who had long been harassed by disease, which lie had borne with heroism, was very hospitably received at the Haci- enda of a Spanish gentleman in the Island of Cuba. The few hereditaments left him by the will of his father had been mostly disposed of, so that he plead guilty to the heinous crime of being poor. Eut hypoc- risy, and prido, or hauteur, and many of the hackneyed MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 131 sins of the day, found no congenial place in his dis- position. During his halcyon days, he had cultivated poetry in Lis rural haunts ; and while finishing a hemistich, was suddenly taken with a hemorrhage of the lungs. A kind lady, a descendant from a Huguenot family, and who understood the principles of hygiene, became his nurse. She was a hydropathist to a hmited extent, and also a homeopathist. But neither hydropathy nor homeopathy was of much avail at first. The disease continued to harass him. He was drenched with half a hogshead of water every day, and this sudden shock would cause a hiccough or spasm of the respiratory muscles. Our heroine, with her white handkerchief tied around her head, was almost a constant attendant at the homely hearth of the sick man, whose occasional heiffh-ho indicated much restlessness. But after a short relapse, occasioned by a free indulgence of his appetite for halibut and herrings, he was gradually restored to health, through the kind and hospitable treatment of his physician and friends. 132 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. I. I-€ON'0-€LAST, (i-k.in'o-klast,) n. A destroyer of images. ID-E-OL'0-GY, 71. A treatise on ideas. I'nYL, (I'dil,) 71. A short poem. IG-NO'BLE, a. Of low birth or family — mean, worthless. IL-LUS'TRA-TIVE, a. Having the quality of making clear. IL'LUS-TRA-TOR, n. One who illustrates or makes clear. IM'BE-CILE, (im'be-sil,) a. Weak in body or mind. IM'BE-CILE, (im'be-sil,) n. One destitute of strength, either of body or mind. IM-BROGL'IO, (im-brol'yo,) It. In the drama, a compUcaied plot. IM-PASS'A-BLE, a. That can not be passed. IM'PE-TUS, n. Force or motion, by which any thing is impelled. IM-PRI-MA'TUR, n. {L. let it be printed.) A license to print a book. IM-PROV'I-SATE, a. Unpremeditated. IM-PROV-I-SA'TION, n. Act of making poetry or performing music ex- temporaneously. IM-PROV-I-SA-TO'RE, (im-prov-e-sa-to're,) n. It. A man who makes rhymes and short poems extemporaneously. IM-PROV-I-SA-TRl'CE, (im-prov-e-sa-trg'cha,) n. It. A woman who makes rhymes or short poems extemporaneously. TM-PR0-V1$E', (im-pro-veez',) v. i. To speak extemporaneously. IN-AM-O-RA'TO, n. m. ) > (L. in and amor, love.) A lover. IN-AM-O-RA'TA, 7!./. S IN-CI'SIVE, (in-sy'siv,) a. Having the quality of cutting. Incisive teeth in animals are the fore-teeth. IN-crsOR, (in-sy'sor,) n. A cutter — a fore-tooth. IN-€OM'PA-RA-BLE, a. That admits of no comparison with others. IN-eOM'PA-RA-BLY, adv. Beyond comparison. IN-€ON"GRU-0US, (in-kong'gru-ous,) a. Unsuitable, inconsistent. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.-METE, PRF.Y.-PINE, MARJNE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, VVQLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 133 IN'€U-BUS, 71. The nightmare— a demon. IN'DIA, (ind'yii,) n. A coiuitry in Asia, so named from the river Indus, IN'DIAN, (ind'yan,) n. A native of the Indies, or ono of the aboritpues of America. IN'DIES, (ind'yez,) n.pl. Of India. IN-DIS'PU-TA-BLE, a. Not to be disputed— incontrovertible. IN-DIS'PU-TA-RLY, adv. Without dispute. IN-ER'TIA, (in-er'sha,) n. Inertness, in.lispcisition to move. IN-EX'ORA BLE, a. Not to be persuaded by entreaty, unyielding, IN-EX'O-RA-B L Y, adv. So as to be immovable by entreaty. IN-EX'PLI-€A-BLE, a. That can not be explained. IN EX-TEN'SO, L. Fully, at full length. IN-EX'TRI-€A-BLE, a. Not to be disentangled. IN-EX'TRI-€A-BLY, adL\ To a degree of perplexity not to be disentangled. IN'FANT-ILE, a. Pertaining to infancy, or to an infant. IN'FI-NITE, (in'fe-nit,) a. Without limits, unbounded. IN-FIN-I-TES'I-MAL, a. Infmitely small. IN-GRA'TlATE, (in-gr5'shate,) v. t. To commend one's self to another's good- will. IN-GRA'TIA-TED. (in-gr5'sh5-ted,) pp. Commended one's self to another's favor. IN-H0S'PI-TA-3LE, a. Not disposed to entertain strangers. IN-HOS'PI-TA-BLY, adv. Unkindly to strangers. IN-r"i'lATE, (in-ish'ate,) v. t. To instruct, to introduce into a new state or society. IN-1"T1A-TED, (in-ish'5t-ted,) pp. or a. Instnicted, entered. IN-1"TIA-T0-RY, (in-ish'a-to-ry,) a. Introductory. IN-QUI'KY, 71. The act of inquiring, interrogation. IN-SATIA-CLE, (in-s5'sha-bl,) a. Incapable of being satisfied. IN-SIG'NI-A, an-sig'ne-ah,) n.pl. B.idgcs or marks by which any thing is distinguished. TCNE, BULL, tINITE.— AN"GER, VI"CIOUS.— € aaK;Ca8J;SasZ; CM as ?H ; TH as in THIS 12 134 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. IN-SI'TU, Z,. In its original situation or bed. IN STA-TU QUO, L. In the former state or condition. IN-TACT', a. Untouched, unused. IN'TE-GRAL, a. Whole, entire, making part of a whole. IN-TER'MENT, n. The act of depositing a dead body in the earth. IN-TER-NA'TION-AL, o. Existing and regulating the mutual intercoujM between different nations. IN TER-RO'REM, A. For a terror or warning. IN TOTO, L. Wholly, entirely. IN TRAN'SI-TU, L. In passing, or on the way out. tN-TJRE', (in-ySre',) v. t. To habituate, to accustom. Df-IJR'ED, (in-yurd',) pp. Accugtonied, hardened by use. IR-RE-FRA'GA-BLE, a. That can not be refuted or overthrown. IR-REP'A-RA-BLE, a. That can not be repaired or recovered. IR-REFA-R.V-BF.Y, adv. In a manner that precludes recovery. IR-RES'Pl-RA-BLE. a. Uuflt for respiration ; as, irrespirable air. IR-REV'0-€A*BLE, a. Not to be recalled or revoked. in-REV'0-€.\-BLY, adv. Beyond recall. IS'O-LA-TED, pp. or a. Standing detached from others of a like kin(X. lS-0-LA'TION, n. State of being isolated. RAILROAD TO THE PACIFIC. Initiatory steps have recently been taken for the con* struction of a railroad over the almost impassable region now lying intact between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean. The indisputable impetus Avhich would be given to the business of the country, by this incom- parable international communieation, is proved in an MtSCELLAKEOUS WORTHS. 133 irrefragable manner by one who ia an acknowledged illustrator of the movement. The productions of India and the Indies, in transitu by this route, will indisputably have a freshness and flavor to which the insatiable gourmand ia now an utter stranger. Here, then, is a theme on which the improv* isatore can improvise, with ample materials for hia idyls. The loss of life and property is incomparably greater on the overland route now than by any other. The emigrant, though inured to hardship, meets with irreparable misfortunes ; and when inextricably and irreparably involved in trouble by almost infinite priva- tions, and perhaps even by the interment of his wife or his child, whose infantile frame it was impossible for him to inure to the hardships of the journey, he is then in such an imbecile state of body as to make but feeble resistance to the inhospitable Indian. These illustrative remarks are designed to show the fate which irrevoca- bly attends those who emigrate by land under existing circumstances. With a good railroad most of these difficulties are, of course, obviated. The incongi-uous population of Europe, where inex- orable tyranny sits like an incubus on the people, on arriving in this country can, instead of dooming them- selves to inextricable and irrevocable poverty in the large Atlantic cities, and inhaling the iiTespirable air of contracted apartments, go at once into the Western country, where, instead of choosing isolated farms, they 136 MtSCELLANEOUS WORDS. may build up small villages, and establish schools, where an integral education may be obtained, and their child*'en may become thoroughly initiated in republican principles. It is quite inexplicable that so many of the pioneers of the West should persist inexorably in re- maininn: in isolation from each other, rcstinsr satisfied with the mere infinitesimal amount of information which their children receive in consequence of the disadvan- tages of their situation. For Articulation and Spelling. Dividing and gliding and sliding, And falling and brawling and sprawling, And driving and riving and striving, And sprinkling and twinkling and wrinkling, And sounding and bounding and rounding, And grumbling and rumbling and tumbling, Delaying and straying and playing and spraying, Advancing and prancing and glancing and dancing, And thumping and plumping and bumping and jumping, And dashing and flashing and splashing and clashing. And so never ending, but always descending, Sounds and motions forever are blending. All at once and all o'er, with a mighty uproar,— And this way the water comes down at Lodore. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. l.SY J, K. JA€'0-BIN, (jak'o-bin,) n. In France, a violent revolulionist in 1769, JAG-LJ-AR', 7t. The American tiger or ounce of Brazil. JAL'AP, n. The root of a Mexican plant, a species of convolvulus. JAUN'DICE, (jau'dis,) n. A disease characterized by yellowness of the eyes, skin, &c. JAUNT, (jant,) n. An excursion — a short journey. JAVE'LIN, (jav'lin,) n. A sort of spear about five feet long, JA'VA, n. One of the East India islands. JET D'EAU', (zha-do'.) n. Fr. A throw of water. JEU' DE MOTS', (zhu'de-mo',) Fr. A play upon words— a pun. JEU' D'ES-PRiT', (zhu'de-spree',) n. Fr. A witlicisin— a play of wit , JO-€CSE', (jo-k5se',) a. Given to jokes, merry, waggish. JO€'UND, (jok'und,) a. Gay, lively, sportive. JOINT'IJRE, (joict'yur,) n. An estate settled on a woman in consideration of marriage. JU-DI"CTA-RY, (ju-dish'a-re,) n. The system of courts of justice in a gov- ernment. JCL'IAN, (jule'yan,) a. Noting the old account of the year, as regulated by Julius C»sar. JCN'IOR, (jun'yor,) a. Younger, not as old as another. JC'ROR, n. One that serves on a jury. KA-LEID'0-S€OPE, (ka-lyde'o-skope,) n. An instrument which exhibila an infinite variety of beautiful colors and forms. KETTLE, (kel'lU) n. A vessel of iron or other metal, used for heatmg water, &.c. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE. PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BTRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BOQK.— TUNE, BULL, tJNlTE.- AN*- GEU, Vl'CIOUS.— € 83 K ; G as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; Til as in THIS. 12* 138 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. , KHAN, (kawn,) n. Among the Tartars, a king or prince ; in Persia, a governor. KlOSK', (ke-osk',) n. A Turkish open summer-house. KNOLL, (nolu.) n. A little round hill or mount. KNOUT, (nowt,) ?;. An instrument of punishment in Russia, consisting of a strap of leather. KNOVVL'EDfiE, (nol'lej,) n. Learning, illumination of mind, skilL KRA'AL, n. Among the Hottentots, a village ; a collection of huts. THE ARTIST. An acquaintance of mine, who had some knowledge of judiciary matters, and who had the previous day been sitting as a juror in settling a question of jointure, made an appointment with me to take a short jaunt, for tlie purpose of visiting the rooms of a young artist. On arriving, we found the young aspirant looking somewhat pale, having, by the help of jalap and a jocose disposition, but just recovered from an attack of the jaundice. He received us in a jocund manner, and alluding wit1i a jeu d'esprit to his recent illness, invited us to examine his fanciful productions. The painting di- rectly in front of us was of a coarse character, but dis- played mjLich artistic skill in design and coloring. It represented a Hottentot kraal, with one of the natives, in the act of throwing a javehn at an animal resembUng MISCELLANEOUS WOKDS, 139 the jaguar of South America, and also in some points resembhng the tiger of Java, while a group of women appeared to be cooking something in a huge kettle. Further on appeared one of the leading Jacobins of the French Revolution : he was looking into a kaleido- scope, while in the foreground there was a beautiful jet d'eau. The last and most finished painting we saw represented the Khan of Tartary, reclining in a kiosk, situated on a knoll, witnessing the punishment of a de- linquent by the knout. We left our artist to the quiet pursuit of his favorite occupation, fully impressed with the belief that he was not destined long to remain un- known to fame. 140 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. I.. LAIRD, 71. A person of superior rank, a lord: (Scottish.) LAM'ENT-A-BLE, a. To be lamented, deserving sorrow. LAM'ENT-A-BLY, adv. Mournfully, with expressions of sorrow. LANCE, (liiiis.) V. t. To pierce with a lance or sharp instrument. LANCED, (liinst,) pp. . Pierced with a lancet. LAND'VVEHR, (land'ware,) n. In Austria and Prussia, the mUitia. LANG-StNE', (7 154 MISCELtANEOtrS WORDS. NA'DTK, (nli'dur,) n. That point of the hemisphere directly opposite to the zenith — the point directly under the place where we stand. NA'IAD, (na'yad,) n. In mjthology, a waterMijmph ; a female deity that presides over rivers and springs. NA'IA-DES, (na'ya-dez,) n. pi, Water-nymphs. In conchology, a family of fresh-water bivalves. NA'iVE, (nii'dve,) a, Fr, Having native or unaffected simplicity — ingenuous. NA'iVE-LY, (nii'eve-ly,) adv. With native or unaffected simplicity. NA'iVE-TE, (na'ev-ta)) n. Native simplicity— unaffected plainness or in* genuousness. NAPE, n. The prominent joint of the neck behind. NAR-RA'TOR, n. One that narrates— one that relates a series of events oi transactions. NA'SAL, (na'zal,) a. Pertaining to the nose — formed or affected by tho nose ; as, a nasal sound, a nasal letter. NAS'Ty, a. Very dirty— foul, disgustingly filthy. NA'TION-AL, (na'shun-al or nash'un-al,) a. Pertaining to a nation — publlC) general. NAT'IJ-RAL, (nat'yu-ral,) a. Pertaining to nature— produced or effected by nature. NA'TtJRE, (nat'yur,) re. A word that comprehends all the works of God— the universe. NAU'SEA, (nawshca,) n. Sickness of the stomach— loathing, squeamish* ness of the stomach. NAU'.SE-ATE, (naw'ghc-ate,) v. t. To loathe— to reject with disgust. NAU'SE-A-TED, (naw'she-a-ted,) /)/?. Rejected with disgust. NAUSEOUS, (naw'shus,) a. Loathsome, disgusting; as, a nauseous drug or medicine. f ATiil, FAR, F4LL, WHAT.— METE, rilF.V.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE^ DOVE, MOVE, WVLF, BWK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 155 I NE€-R0L'0-(5Y, (nek-rol'o-gy,) n. An account of the dead — a register of deaths. NECRO-MAN-CER, (nfk'ro-man-ser,) 71. One who uses enchantments or conjurations. NE€'TAR-INE, (nek'tar-in,) n. A fruit resembling the peach, but with a smooth rind. NE'ER, (nare.) A contraction of never. NE EX'E-AT, L. In law, a writ to prevent a person from going out of tUo country without a license. NEG-LI-GEE', (neg»Ie-zha',) ti. A kind of gown formerly worn. NE-GO'TIATE, (ne-go'shste,) v. t. To procure, or establish by mutual in- tercourse and agreement. NE-GO'TIA-TED, (ne»g6'sh!ite-ed,)/)p. Procured or obtained by agreement with another. NE-GO-TI-A'TION, (ne-go-she-S'shun,) n. The act of negotiating. NE-GO'TIA-TOR, (ne-g5'sha-tor,) n. One that negotiates. NEl'THER, (nS'ther or nl'ther. The former pronunciation prevails In America: the latter is now common in England.) Not either — not the ono or the other. NEPH'EW, (nefu. English authorities pronounce this word nev'u,) n. Th« son of a brother or sister. N£'RE-ID, n. In mythology, a sca-nymph. NERVINE, (nerv'in,) a. That has the quality of acting upon the nerve*. NICE, (nese,) n. A town In Asia Minor. NI'CENE, (nl'cene,) a. Pertaining to Nice, a town of Asia Minor. NO'LENS VO'LENS, /,. Unwilling or willing— whether he will or not. NOL'IiE PROS'E-QUI, L. In law, these words denote that a plaintiff or attorney for the public withdraws suit. NOM' DE GUERRE', (nom'de-gar',) Fr. A fictitious name, or one assumed for a time. NON'DE-SGRIPT, n. Any thing that has not been described. TCNE, BULL, IJNITE.— AN"GER, Vl"C10US.-€ asK;6a3J;$aaZ; CH as Sll ; TH a» in THIS. 156 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. NONE, (none or nun,) a. Not one, (used of persons or things :) " There ia none that doeth good ; no, not one." Ps. xiv. NON-PA-REIL', (non-pa-re)',) n. Excellence unequaled — a sort of apple— a sort of very small printing-type. NON'PLUS-ED, (non'plust,) pp. Puzzled — put to a stand. NON SEQ'UI-TUR, (non-sek'we-tur,) Lf In logic, an inference which does not follow from the premises. NOOSE, (nooz,) n. A running knot, which binds the closer (he more it ia drawn. NOR'MAL SCHOOL, n. An institution for training up persons to teach common schools. NORTH'-STAR, n. The north polar-star. NOTHING, (noth'ing or nuth'ing,) n. Not any thing— iiooentity— opposed to something. NUN'CIO, (nun'sho,) n. A messenger— an embassador from the pope to an emperor or king. NUPTIAL, (nup'shal,) a. Pertaining to marriage; as, nuptial rites and ceremonies. THE NAIVE YOUJ^^G MAN. A NAIVE young man, wlio had been sent to a normal school, was far more fond of reading poetry about the nereids, or naiad and naiades, than of understanding the diflerence between the zenith and the nadir. His na- ivete, however, gradually disappeared after he naively consented, during a recess of the school, to assist the keepers of a menagerie in capturing a strange-looking nondescript. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 157 For, while attempting to throw a noose over the horns of this production of nature, he was nonplused ; and while in this state was violently thrown upon the ground, receiving a severe bruise on his nasal organ, and another on the nape of his neck. When taken home, he was troubled with a nausea to such a degree, that his stomach began to nauseate all kinds of food, and even nauseated eatables that were never considered nauseous ; such as the nectarine, and the kind of apple called nonpareil. A nervine preparation was administered to him, which had the effect of quieting his nerves ; so that he was able to sit day after day, with his negligee on his shoulders, readinof in the work of an interestinij narrator stories and anecdotes about the nuptials of the necro- mancer ; the travels of the Pope's nuncio, engaged in national affairs ; and an account of the Nicene Creed, composed by the Council of Nice. The uncle of the young man endeavored to negotiate a loan in order to defray the expenses of his nephew. But he was not a very good negotiator, and the person with whom he supposed he had negotiated infomied him afterward, that the terms of the negotiation were not sufficiently definite. 14 158 MISCELLANEOCS WORDS. O. OB'E-RON, n. Tho king of the fairies. (See Shakspeare's Midsummer Niglit's Dream.) O-BES'I-TY, 71. Excessive fatness— incumbrance of flesh. O-BIT TJ-A-RY, (o-bit'ju-a-ry,) a. Relating to the decease of a person or persons. O-BLIGE', (o-bllje',) v. t. To constrain by necessity— to compel by physical force. O-BLIG'ED, (o-blljd',) pp. Indebted, favored, compelled. OB-LIQUE', (ob-lIke' or ob-Ieek',) a. Deviating fi'om a right line, not direct. OB-LIQUE'L.Y, (ob-llke'ly,) adv. In a line deviating from a right line — in- directly. OB-SCEN'I-TY, (ob-sen'e-ty,) n. Impurity in expression or representation. OB-SERV-A'TOR, (ob-zer>'-a'tor,) n. One that observes or takes notice — a remarker. 0€-€ULT, (ok-kult',) a. Hidden from the eye or understanding— iavUi- ble— secret. 0-CE-AN'I€, (5-she-an'ik,) a. Pertaining to the ocean. 0€-TA'VO, (ok-ta'vo,) n. or a. A book or form in which a sheet Is toided into eight leaves. Oe'lJ-LIST, (ok'yu-list,) n. One skilled in diseases of the eyes, or one who professes to cure them. O-DE'ON, n. In ancient architecture, a kind of theater in Greece. O-DOR-IF'ER-OUS, a. Giving scent— diffusing fragrance — bearing scent ; as, odoriferous gales. OF, (ov,) prep. From or out of— proceeding from. OF-FI"CIATE, (of-fish'5tc,) v. i. To transact the appropriate business of an office or public trust. FATE, FIR, FALL, WHAT.- M£TE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK. MISCELLA^-EOUS 'WORDS. 159 OF-Fl"CIA-TEO, (of-f)8h'ate-ed,) p/>. PerforiDcd the duties of an office, or tho oflBce of another. Or-FI"CIA-TING, (of-flsh'ate-ing,) ppr. or a. PerformiDg the appropriato duties of an oillce. OFT'EN, (ori),) adv. Frequently — many times. O-GEE', (o-je',) n. In arcliitecture, a molding consisting of two members, the one concave, the other convex. 0L-I-GAR€H'I€-AL, (ol-e-giirlt'ili'aJ,) a. Pertaining to oligarchy, or goT« ernment by a few. OL-I-GAUCH'y, (ol-e-giirk'e,) n. A form of government in which the bu> preme povrer is placed in a few hands. O'Ll-O, (O'le-o,) 71. A collection of various pieces — a mixture — a medley. OM'IN-OUS, a. Foreboding or presaging evil. OM'IX-OUS-LY, ado. With good or bad omens. ON' DIT, (on'de,) Fr. They say, or it is said ; hence, a flying rumor. ON'ER-OUS, a. Burdensome — oppressive. ON'ION, (un'yuD,) n, A well-known plant of the genus Allium. O'NYX, (O'niks,) n. Chalcedony, consisting of parallel layers of diflerent shades of color. OPH-THAL'MI€, (ofHhal'mik,) a. Pertaining to the eye. OPHTH AL-MY, (oftbal-me,) n. Inflammation of the eye, or its appendagcflu OP-PtfGN', (op-piine',) v. t. To attack — to oppose — to resist, O-RANG'-OU-TANG', n. A quadruraanous mammal : the Simia Satyrus. OR'CHES'TRA, (or'kes-trS,) n. The part of a theater appropriated to thfl musicians ; also, a band of musicians. OH'DE-AL, n. Severe trial — accurate scrutiny. OR-GAN-I-ZA'TION, n. Structure— form— suitable disposition of parts ■which are to act together. 171. In philosophical language, a terra nearly synonymous with method, and implying a body of rules and canons for Bcientiflc investigation. TONE, BVLL, tJNITE.-AN"GER, Vr'CIOUS.— € 88 K; 6 as J; S aa Z; CU as SH ; TH as in THIS, 160 MISCELLAKKOUS WORDS. OR'tEAT, (or'zhat,) n, A liquor extracted ft'om barley and sweet almonda. OR'I-FICE, (or'e-fis,) n. The mouth or aperture of a tube, pipe, or other cavity. O-RI'ON, n. A bright constellation on both sides of the equinoctial OR'l-SON, (or'e-zon,) n. A prayer or supplication. OR'THO-E-PIST, n. One who pronounces words correctly. OR'THO-E-PY, n. A correct pronunciation of words. 6T1-UM CUM DIG-NI-TA'TE, (6'she-um-l£um-dig-ne-ta te,) L. Dignifled leisure. OU-TRE', (oo-tr5',) a. Fr. Out of the common course— extravagant. 0-VER-CAST', pp. Clouded— overspread with gloom. O'VERT, a. Public — apparent — open to view. O-VER-TASK'ED, (over-tiislct',) pp. or a. Tasked too heavily. GREENWOOD CEMETERY. In this delightful resting-place for those who have passed the ordeal of death, repose the remains of many who have officiated in high stations, and whose souls may now be endowed with more perfect organi- zations, and be officiating in far higher stations in the spirit-land. During the" calm summer evenings, when Orion shines forth, and Oberon is out with the fairies, and the gentle odoriferous breeze fans the sultry air ; at Euch a time one can almost commune with the spirits of the dead. Wlien the sky is not overcast, and when the ob- MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 161 servator has not already overtasked his physical powers, he will find, after being obliged to ascend the highest elevation, an oceanic view which amply repays him for his exertions. Where one is troubled with onerous or oppressive obesity, he can gain the same hight with less fatigue by ascending more obliquely. By-the-by, we will oblige the reader, who may be anxious for the preservation of his eyesight, by stating that, during a lecture at the Odeon by a cele- brated oculist, he remarked that the act of looking intently upon objects at a distance tended to produce ophthalmy and ophthalmic diseases. In passing near the center, one may observe the monument of an outre author of a somewhat occult organum. A little further on may be read the obituary notice of one who had predilections in favor of an oli- garchical form of government, and who wrote an olio, which was published in an octavo volume, in which he explained his vieAvs of oligarchy. A certain person, who officiates in a high judicial station, thought proper to oppugn the views of the author. He pronounced them as being ominous of the fate of the republic, and an oven, attack upon the government 14* 162 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. P. PA-CHA', (pa-shaw',) n. Iii the Turkish dominions, a governor or Ticeroj ; a bashaw or pashaw. PA-CIF-I€-A'TION, (pa-gif-ili-a'shun,) n. The act of making peace between nations or parties at variance. PA-CIF'I€-A-TOR, (pa-sifik-a-tor,) n. One who restores amity between contending parties ; a peacemaker. PA-CIF'I€-A-TO-RY, (pa-sifik-a-to-re,) a. Tending to make peace — con- ciliatory. PAIR'ING-OFF, n. In legislative bodies, a practice by which two members of opposite political opinions agree to absent themselves from voting during a stated period. PAIR OFF', V. i. To depart from a company in pairs. (See pairing-off.) PAIX'HAN-GUN, (pSkes'han-gun,) n. A howitzer of great strength for throwing shellg. PAL-AN-KEEN', ) (pal-an-keen',) n. A covered carriage, borne on the PAL-AN-QUiN', ) shoulders of men, used in India, China, &c. PA-LA'T[AL, (pa-la'shal,) a. Pertaining to the palate. PAL'A-TINE, (pal'a-lin,) n. One invested with royal privileges ; a count palatine. PAL'FREY, (pawl'fre,) n. A small horse fit for ladies ; also, a nobleman's horse for Etate purposes. PAL-LA'DI-UM, n. Primarily, a statue of the goddess Pallas; something that affords defense or protection. PAL'MIS-TRY, n. The art of telling fortunes by the lines in the palm of the hand. PALM'Y, (piim'e,) a. Bearing palms hence, flourishing, prosperous, vic- torious. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, VVQLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 163 PANN'IER, (pan'yer,) n. A wicker-baaket, used for carrying fruit or other things on a horee. PAN-O-RA MA, (pan-o-rd'mah,) n. A complete view in every direction ; a picture. Pant, v. i. To palpitate— to long — to desire ardently. PANNING, n. Palpitation — rapid breathing— longing. PAN'TO-MIME, n. One who imitates characters without speaking; a scene in dumb show PAP'IER-MA'CHE, (pap'ya-mii'sha,) n. Fr. A hard substance made of a pulp from rags or paper, and used for ornamental purposes. PA-Pt'RUS, n. A kind of reed, of which the ancients made a material for writing. PAR'A-CHUTE, (par'a-shute,) n. An instrument, resembling an umbrella, to prevent the rapidity of descent. PAR'A-MOUR, (par'a-moor,) n. A lover — a wooer — a mistress. PAR-A-QUET, (par-a-ket',) n. A small species of parrot. PAR'ENT, (pare'ent,) n. A father or mother. (The pronunciation pay'rent is eiToneous.) PARE, V. t. To shave off with a sharp instrument; as, to pare an apple or an orange. PA'RI-AH, n. The name of the lowest class of people in Hindoostan. PA'RI PAS'SU, L. With equal pace, or progress. PA-RIS'IAN, (pa-riz'yan,) n. A native or resident of Paris. PAR'LIA-JIENT, (piir'lo-ment,) n. The legislative body in England, con- sisting of the House of I^ords and House of Commons. PAR-IJA-MENTA-RY, (par-le-menta-ry,) a. Pertaining to parliament- according to the rules of legislative bodies. PAR-NAS'SI-AN, (pur-nash'e-an.) a. Pertaining to Parnassus, a celebrated mountain in Greece. PARSE, (pilrs,) V. t. In grammar, to show the several parts of speech com- posing a sentence. r:)NE, BULL, TINITB.— AN"GER, VI"CIOUS.— € asK;6asJ;SasZ; CH as SH ; TH as in THIS, 164 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. PAR-TERRE', (par-tar',) n. In gardeDiug, a level division of ground for the cultivation of flowers. PAR'TI-CEPS €RIM'I-NIS, L. A partaker in crime— an accomplice. PAR'TI-CI-PLE, (part'e-sip'l,) n. A word partaking of the properties cf a noun and a verb ; as, having. PAR-TI€'TI-LAR-LY, adv. Smgly — distinctly— in an especial manner. PAR'VE-NC, n. Fr. An upstart, or one newly risen into notice. PAS€H, (pask,) n. The passover — the feast of Easter. PAS€H'-EGG, (pask'-egg.) An egg colored, and presented to young per- sons about the time of Easter. PASS, V. i. To move — to go — to proceed from one place to another. PASS'ED, ; 3'ED, ) J pp. or a. Ended, accomplished — gone by — enacted PASS'ING, ppr. or a. Proceeding, moving, going by — surpassing, eminent. PASS'0-VER, n. A feast of the Jews. PAS'TIME, n. That which serves to make time pass agi-eeably — amuse- ment. PAS'TOR, n. A minister of the gospel who has the charge of a church and congregation — a shepherd. PAS'TIJRE, (past'yur,) n. Ground covered with grass, to be eaten on the spot by cattle, horses, &c. PATENT, n. A writing securing to a person the exclusive right to an in- vention. PATH, n. A way beaten by the feet of man or beast. PATH'E-TISM, (path'e-tizm,) n. Another name for Mesmerism. PA'TIENCE, (pa'shens,) n. The suffering of afflictions with a calm, un- ruffled temper. PATIENT, (pa'shent,) a. Sustaining afflictions of body or mind with forti- tude — persevering. PAT-CIS', (pat-waw'i) «. Ft. A dialect peculiar to the lower classes; a provincialism. FATE, FAR, F4LL, WHAT.— METE, PRF-Y.— PINE, MARINE, UIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BOQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 165 PA'TRI-OT or PATRI-OT, n. A person wlio loves liis country. PA'TRI-OT-ISM or PAT'RI-OT-I$AI, n. Love of one's country. PA'TRON or PATRON, n. One who countenances, supports, aud protecla either a person or a woik. PAT'RON-AGE, n. Special countenance or support — guardianship — advow* son. PAT'RON-IZE, V. t. To favor, support, or countenance. PA-V£', (pa-Y5',) 71. Fr. The pavement. PE-CULTAR, (pe-liiil'ytu',) a. Appropriate — belonging to a person, and to him only. PE-€CL-IAR'I-TY, (pe-kul-yar'e-te,) n. Something peculiar to a person or thing. PE-€tJNTA-RY, (pe-kun'ya-ro,) a. Relating to money ; as, pecuniary affairs. PE'DAL, a. Pertaining to the foot. PED'AL, n. A contrivance attached to musical instruments, and acted upon by the foot. PED'ANT, n. A schooIrr.:ister— a person who makes a vain display of his learning. PED'ES-TAL, n. In architecture, tlie part which sustains a column or serves as its foot. PEG'A-SUS, n. A winged horse— a northern constellation — a genua of fishes. PEN'CUANT, (piin'shang,) n. Fr. Inclination. PEN-IN'SU-LA, (pen-in'su-lah,) n. A portion of land connected with a con- tinent by an isthmus, but nearly suiTounded by water. PEN-I-TEN'TIA-RY, (pcn-e-ten'sha-re,) n. In the United Stales, a 8tat»- prison, a work-house. PER-CHANCE', adv. Perhaps— by chance. PER DI'EM, L. By the day. PER'EMP-TO-RI-LY, adv. Absolutely— in a decisive manner. PER'EMP-TO-RY, a. Positive— express— authoritative. TCNE, BULL, UNITE.— AN"GER, vrciOUS.— € as K ; 6 as J; S as Z; CH asSH; Til as in THIS. 166 MlSCKLLANEOtS WORDS. PER-I-TO-NE'UM, n. A thin membrane, investing the whole internal sur- face of the abdomen. PER-O-RA'TION, n. The concluding part of an oration, in which the speaker recapitulates the principal points. PER'QUl-SITE, (per'kwe-zil,) n. A fee allowed to an officer in lieu of a salary — a fee beyond his ordinary salary. PER SE, L. By itself, by himself— apart from others. PER'SI-FLAgE, (par'se-flilzh,) n. Fr. Light talk, in which all subjects ar» treated with banter. PER-SON-NEL', (par-so-neD n. Fr. A terra denoting the persons employed iu public seiTice, as the army, navy, &c., as distinguished from the ma- teriel. PER'UKE, (per'rake,) n. An artificial cap of hair; a periwig. PES'TLE, (pes'l,) n. An instrument for pounding and breaking substances in a mortar. PET'lT-MAI'TRE, (pet'te-ma'lr,) n. Fr. A spruce fellow that dangles about females ; a fop. PET'REL, n. A name common to the long-winged, web-footed sea-fowls. PHAL'ANX, (fal'anks,') n. A body of troops— an industrial association. PHAR-MA-CEtJ'TI€S, (far-ma-su'tiks,) n. The science of preparing medi- cines. PHAR'YNX, (far'inks,) n. The upper part of the esophagus. PHIL-IS'TINE, (fll-is'lin,) n. An inhabitant of Palestine, now Syria. PHOS'PHOR-OUS, (fos'for-us,) o. The phosphorous acid is formed by « combination of phosphorus with oxygen. PHTHI'SIS, (thl'sis,) n. A disease of some part of the pulmonaiy appa- ratus. PHY-SrciAN, (fe-zish'an.) n. A person skilled in the art of healing. Pl-A'NO, (pe-a'no.) In music, soft. PI-A'NO-FOR'TE, (pe-a'no-for'ta,) n. A well-known musical instrument, of German origin. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PRE V.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BPQK. MlSCELLAKEOtJS WORDS. 1(37 PlG'ttJRE, (pikt'yuri) n. A painting or drawing— a resemblance. tlEKCE, (peers,) v, t. To penetrate— to thrust into willi a pointed institt> ment. riG'EON, (pij'un)) n. A gallinaceous bird of the genus Ccluraba — a dove. PINCH'BECK, 71. An alloy of copper and zinc, resembling gold in its ap> pearance. PrO-NY, (pl'o-ne,) n. An herbaceous plant, bearing la.'ge, beautiful, red flowers. riQU'AN-CY, (pik'an-sy,) n. Sharpness — pungency— severity. PIQU'ANT, (pik'kant,) a. Pricking— sharp— tart— severe. PIR-OU'ETTE', (pir-oo-et',) n, A whirling on the toes in dancing. PIS'CES, (pis'sEz,) n. pL The fishes, the twelfth sign of the zodiaCi PLACID, (plas'id)) a. Quiet — gentle— undisturbed. PLA'61-A-RISM, (pia'je-a'-rizm,) n. The act of introducing passagea itovn the writings of others, and putting them off as one's own. PLA'6I-A-RIST, (pia je-a°rist,) n. One who purloins the writings of other*) and puts them off as his own. PLA'6I-A-HY, (pla je-a-re,) n. A thief in literature. PLAIT, V. t. To fold— to double in narrow streaks. PLAS'TER, n. A mixture of lime, water, and sand, used for coating th« ■walls of houses. PLA-TEAU', (pia-to',) n. A plain— a flat surface—a platter, PLEAS'tfR-A-CLE) (plezh'ur-a-bl,) a. Pleasing— giving pleasure. PLEAS'tJRE, (plezh'ur,) n. Agreeable sensations oi emotions. PLE-BE'IAN, (plc-bfi'yan,) a. Pertaining to the common people^vulgar | as, plebeian minds. PLE-BE'IAN, n. One of the comtnon people. tJBunlly applied to the com* nion people of ancient Rome. PLE'IADS, (pia'yadz,) ) n. pi. In astronomy, the seven stars situated PLE'IA-DES, (pie'ya-dSz,) ) in the neck of the constellation Taurus. PLE'NA-RY, (pie8'na>re,) n. Entire, full, complete ; as, a plenary consent. TCNE, BULL, TINITE.— AlV'GER, VI"CIOUS,— € as K ; 6 as J ) S ns Z; CH M 8H ) TH 09 In THIS, 168 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. PLEN-I-PO-TEN'TIA-RY, (plen-e-po-ten'sha-re,) re. A person invented WltU fuU powers to transact any business — an embassador. PLOV'ER, (pluv'er,) n. The common name of several species of birds of the genus Gharadi'ius. PNED-MO-NI'TIS, (nu-mo-nl'tis,) n. Inflammation of the lungs. PO'ET-AS-TER, n. A petty poet— a pitiful rhymer. POIGN'AN-CY, (poin'an-sy,) n. Point— sharpness— the power of irritation. POIGN'ANT, (poin'ant,) a. Sharp— stimulating the organs of taste; aS) poignant sauce ; pointed — severe. POIGN'ANT-LY, (poin'ant-ly,) adv. Keenly. POIS'ON, (poiz'n,) n. Any agent capable of producing a morbid or danger ous effect on animal life, PO-LO-N AlSE', (po-lo-naze',) ) m. A diess adopted from the fashion of the PO-LO-NE$E', (po-lo-neze',) ^ Pole^: sometimes worn by ladies. POL-Y-NE'SIA, (poI-e-nS'zha,) n. A term used to designate numerous groups of islands in the Pacific Ocean. POL-Y-NE'SIAN, (-nS'zhun.) a. Pertaining to Polynesia. POR'CE-LAIN, (por'se-hn,) n. The finest species of earthenware. POR'POISE, (por'pus,) n. In zoology, a term applied to cetaceous mam- mals of the genus Phocffina, PORTE, n. The government of the Turkish empire, officially called the Sublime Porte, PORT-FO'JjlO, (port-fol'yo,) n. A case to keep loose papers in. POR'TI-CO, (por'te-ko,) 71. A covered space at the entrance of a buildiof^. POR'TRAlT, (poi'trale,) n, A picture of a person, di-awn from the life. PoR-TliAY'ED, (por-trade',) pp. Painted or drawn to the life— described. POS-TE'RI-OR, a. Later or subsequent in time. POS-TE'RI-ORS, n. pi. The hinder pai'ts of an animal body. POST'HU-MOUS, (post'hu-mus,) a. Published after the death of the au- tlior — bom after the death of the parent. PO'TA-KLE, (po'ta-bl,) a. Drinkable— that may be drank. Fj$TE, far, F4LL, VVH4T.— BIETE, PRgY.— FINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 169 PO'TENT-ATE, n. A person possessing great power : a sovereign— aa em- peror, &c. POU-CHONG', (poo-shong',) n. A kind of black tea. PRA€'T1CE, (prak'tis,) v. t. [The orthograpliy of the verb ought to be iho same as that of the noun. — JV. IVcbstcr.] To do or perform frequently or habitually. PRAI'RIE, (pra're,) n. A level tract of land, destitute of trees, and covered with tall grass. PKANCE, (prans,) v. i. To spring or bound— to ride ostentatiously. PRAY'ER, (prare,) n. In worship, a solemn address to the Supreme Being, PRAY'KR-BOQK, n. A book containing prayers, or the forms of de- votion, • PRAY'ER-ryL, a. Given to prayer— devotional. PREB'END, 71. The stipend or maintenance granted to a prebendary. PREB'END-A-RY, n. An ecclesiaatic who enjoys a prebend. In. Priority in time ; as, the preced- ence of one event to another ; the act or state of going before. PRE-C£D'ENT, (pre-seed'ent,) a. Going before in time; as, precedent la- bors, precedent crime PREC'E-DENT, (pres'e-dent,) n. Something done or said that may be ad- duced as an example at a subsequent time. PREC'1-PICE, (pres'e-pis,) n. A steep descent of land. PRE-DI-LE€'TION, (pre-de-lek'shuii,) re. A prepossession of mind In favor of something. PREF'ACE, (pref'ase,) n. Something spoken or written as introductoi7 to a discourse or book. PREFACE, 7j. t. To introduce by preliminary remarks; as, to preface a book or discourse. PREJ'IJ-DICE, (predju-dis,) n. Prepossession— a previous bent or bias of mind for or against any person or thing, 11. ■ .■ == TONE, BULL, IGNITE.- AN"GER, vrciOUS.- € as K; C as J; $ as Z; CH M SH ; TH as ia THIS. 15 170 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. PREL'ATR or PRELATE n. A clergjman of a superior order, as a« archbishop, bishop, &c. PRE.M'IER, (picm'yer,) n. The first minister of state— the prime minister. PREM'IER-SHIP, (prem'yer-ship,) n. The office or dignity of the first min* ister of state. PRE'SA6E or PRES A6E, n. Something which foreshows a future event — a prognostic. PRE'SCI-ENCE, (pre'she-ens,) n. Knowledge of events before they take place — foreknowledge. PRE'SCI-ENT, (pre'she-€nt,) a. Foreknowing. PRES'TI6E, (pres'tij,) n. Fr. Fascination— charm— illusion— imposture. PRE-TENSE', n.» A holding out or offering to others something false or feigned — assumption. PRE'TER-IT, a. Applied to the tense in grammar which expresses an action or being perfectly past or finished. PRET'TI-LY, (prit'ti-ly,) adv. In a pretty manner— pleasingly. PRETTY, (prit'ty,) a. Handsome, neat— of a pleasing form. PRE-VAR'I-€ATE, v. t. To quibble— to shuffle— to evade. PRE-VENT'IVE, a. Tending to hinder. [Preventative is a gross blunder.— fVcbstcr.'] PRl'.MA DON'NA, (pre'ma-don nu,) It. The first female singer in an opera. PRI'MA FA'CI-E, (prT'ma-fa'she-e,) L. At first view or appearance. PRT'MUM MOB'I-LE, L. First cause of motion. PRIS'TINE, (pris'tin,) a. First— primitive— original. PRO-BOS'CIS, 7!. The snout or trunk of an elephant, and also of insects. PRO'CE.S VER'BAL, (pro'sa-var'bal,) Fr. In French law, an authentic minute of an official a"t. PROCESS (pros'ess,) n. Proceedings— course — experiment : in anatomy, a bony protuberance. PRO€-II-RA'TION, (prok'yu-ra'shun,) n. The act of procining. FATE, FAR, F^JLL, WH4.T.— METE, PREY,— PINE, MARINE, DIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQOK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 1^1 PRO€'TI-RA-TOR, (prok'yu-ra-tor,) n. Under the Roman eaperora, a title given to certain governors of provinces. PROD'UCE, (prod'duse,) n. That which is produced— product. PRO'FILE, (pro'fll or pro'feel,) n. A head or portrait represented eide- wise. RO'GRAJIME, (pro'gram,) n. A brief outline of a performance or enter* tainment. PROG'RESS, n. A moving or going forward. PRO-GRESS', V. i. To move forward in space — to advance. PRO'LOGUE, (pro'log,) n. The preface or introduction to a discourse or performance. PROM-E-NADE', i;. i. To walk for amusement or exercise. PROMULrG A'TION, n. The act of promulgating— publication. PROPH'E-CY, (prof'e-se,) n. A prediction — a declai-ation of something to come. PROPH'E-St, (profe-sy,) v. i. To utter predictions. PRUPU'ET, (profit,) n. One that foretells future events. PRO-PIN'QUI-TY, (pro-pink'we-te,) n. Nearness in place or time — nearness of blood. PRO-PI"TIATE, (pro-pish'ate,) v. t. To conciliate— to appease. PR0-P1"TIA-TED, (pro-pish'a-ted,) pp. Conciliated and rendered favorable. PR0-P1"TI- A'TION, (pro-pish-e-a'shun,) n. The act of making propitious. PRO RATA, (pro ra'tah,) /,. In proportion. PRO-SPE€T'US, n. The plan of a literary work, containing the general subject or design. PRO-TE-CE', (pro-te-zha',) n. Fr. One under the care and protection of another. PRO-TEM'PO-RE, L. For the time bein^ PROT-ES-T A'TION, n. A solemn declaration of opinion— a protest. PRO-THON'0-TA-R Y, n. A register or clerk of a court— a notary ; in En- gland, an officer in the court of King's Bench. TCNE, BULL, IJNITE.— AN"GER, vi"CIOUS.— € asK;6asJ;SasZ; CH as SH ; Til as in THIS. 172 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. PROVOST, (prov'ust,) n. lu a general sense, a person who is appointed to pi'eside over somettiinc;. PSEC'DO, (su'do.) A prefix signifying false, counterfeit, or spurious. PSt-€HOL'0-GY, (sT-liol'o-je,) n. A. discourse on the soul, or the doctrine of man's spiritual nature. PUER-ILE, (pu'er-il,) a. Boyish, childish, trilling. PC'IS-SANCE, n. Power, strength, force. PU'IS-SANT, a. Strong, powerful ; as, a puissant monarch or empire. PUL-VER'U-LENT, a. Powdery — consisting of fine powder— dusty. PUN€-TIL'IO, (punk-tH'yo,) n. A nice point of exactness in conduct, form, or ceremony. PUN€-TIL'IOUS, (punk-til'yus,) a. Very exact in the observance of rules and forms prescribed by law or custom. PUN€-TIL'IOUS-NESS, (punk-til'yus-ness,) n. Exactness in the observance of rules and forms. PUN€'Tlf-AL, (punkt'yu-al,) a. Punctilious in observing time, appoint- ments, or promises ; exact PUN€'TtJ-ATE, (punkt'yu-ate,) v. t. To designate sentences or other divi- sions of a writing by points. PUN€-TIJ-A'TION, (punkt-yu-5'shun,) n. In grammar, the act or art of pointing a writing or discourse. PUN€'TIiRE, (punkt'yur,) n. The act of perforating with a pointed instru- ment. PUNJAUB', 71. The counti-y forming the north part of Ilindoostan, be- tween the Uimmaleh Mountains and the Indus. PU-RIF'I-€A-TIVE, (pu-rifi-ka-tiv,) a. Having power to purify. PUR'POSE, (pur'pus,) v. t. To resolve— to intend— to design. PC RU-LENT, a. Consisting of pus or matter. PC'TA-TIVE, a. Supposed, commonly thought or deemed ; as, the puta live father of a child. PY-LOR'I€, a. Pertaining to the pylorus ; as, the pyloric artery. FATE, FAR, FALL, VVII4T.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 173 PY-RriES, (py-rl'tez,) n. A combination of sulphur with iron, copper, cobiilt, or nickel. PYR'0-TE€H-NY, (pir'o-telc-ne,) jt. Tlie art of making flre-works. pyR-0-TE€H'NIST, 71. One skilled in pyrotechny. f YTH'0-NESS, n. A sort of witch — the priestess who gave oracular an- swer at Delphi. THE MENAGERIE. Having from childhood a penchant or predilection for zoolog)^ I accepted with pleasure the invitation of some friends, who proposed to patronize the proprietors of a menagerie. A large tent was pitched near a beautiful parterre ; and on the outside of it there was posted a printed programme or list of the animals and the performances. Our slow progress in getting into the tent particularly tried our patience, owing to the efforts of some who were anxious to pass ahead of others. It was one of the largest collections of wild animals that had ever been exhibited in the country. The puissant manager, who was a sort of poetaster, made an extemporaneous prologue to the patrons, winding up witli a peroration about the rules and regu- lations with the grace and prestige of a modern prima donna. Having passed on toward the center of the TONE, BULI., IJNITE.— AN"GER, VI'CIOUS.— € as K ; 6 as J ; $ .is Z; clI as SH ; Til as in THIS. 15* 174 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. tent, we observed the white bear panting from Iieat. while the elephant from Punjaub was coolly taking his pulverulent food with his proboscis. There was an animal which at a distance looked like a pegasus ; but on approaching nearer to it we found it to be a kind of palfrey, Avhich was caught on a plateau in Mexico. The animal had a huge pannier on his back, filled with patent purificative drugs. By the side of this depot of potable medicines, there stood a pretty petit-maitre, recommending with great protestations the pecuharity nf each article, and producing the testimony of a phy- sician and one skilled in pharmaceutics as to their curative virtues in cases of phthisis, pneumonitis, in- flammations of the peritoneum, the pyloric orifice, and the pharynx. Another preparation was of great use in palatial affections, relieving the system from the poignancy of pain, and restoring it to its pristine vigor. He por- trayed with great pretense the wonderful puissance of a piquant, placid plaster in removing latent poison and purulent matter from the blood. This last antidote was made of pigeon berries, piony leaves, and phos- phorous acid. In close propinquity to us, there was a puerile pastime, which afforded much pleasurable ex- citement to a group of boys. An orang-outang, with a peruke on his head, seemed to feel as much pride as a premier in his premiership. He was making a pony practice a pirouette ; and during the process he caused MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. iVS n the aninr al to prance in such a manner as to throw him off, and thus ended the pantomime. A petiel and par- aquet, perched on a pedestal, were endeavoring to pro- pitiate the company by their vocal powers. While the tent was filled to its utmost capacity, a prebendary, who was a distinguished prelate, was robbed of his pocket-book. The person charged with the act at- tempted to prevaricate, but a magistrate present per- emptorily ordered an officer to ari'est him. Some time afterward he was sent to the penitentiary, as a pro- pitiation to the violated laws of his country. As we were passing on, for the purpose of viewing the largest animals, we were struck by the appearance of a patient looking creature, with a large plait in his mane, sitting quietly on his posteriors. By the influence of the plenipotentiary at the court of the Sublime Porte, the proprietor propitiated a Turkish pacha, so that he con- sented to part with the animal after receiving a large pecuniary consideration. I purpose to describe a non- descript, for the procuration of which the manager was indebted to a Polynesian potentate, whose pariahs were enabled to capture it at the foot of a precipice. This animal was very punctilious about his food, eating enormous quantities of produce, and making a noise, when attacked, almost as loud as the report of a Paix han-gun. A great number of persons were present, whose pat- ronage contributed to the prosperity of the concern. 1*76 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. Among others, we noticed the Parisian, who lectures I on pathetism, psychology, and Parnassian poetry ; and also a person who had published a prospectus for a new paper, from the tenor of which one is led to sup- pose that he aspires to the position of a general pacific- ator, by proposing pacificatory measures for the pacific- ation of the extremes of all parties. We make no pretension to prescience, or of being a prophet, or of being endowed with a spirit of prophecy ; yet, without any prejudice against this parvenu, we do prophesy that he .will not succeed, unless matters progress differ- ently from what they usually do. We further noticed the prothonotary, with his protege and paramour, pret- tily dressed in her polonaise ; the pseud o provost with his portfolio, who seemed desirous of having precedence of others ; the honored pastor, with his prayer-book under his arm ; the pedant and plagiarist, wliose pla- giarism was well known. Having been convicted of pla- giary, by the testimony of a member of parliament wlio thoroughly understood parliamentary matters ; and after pairing off with a member, produced at a bookstore the preface of a work which the above person had copied verbatim : a transaction without precedent in literary pilfering. The posthumous works of a prescient philosopher, who had elaborated a theory for promulgation respect- ing the influence of comets on the Pleiades and Pisces, W(;re pilferei from by the same person. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 177 In a kind of portico there was a piano-forte, with a large pedal attaclied. The music from the instrument was veiy exhilarating, and well adapted protempore as a preventive of despondency. After looking at four more rarities, one of which was caiight on a prairie, another brought from Polynesia, the third from the Spanish peninsula, and the last an enormous porpoise, which was kept in water, we went into another apartment filled with various curiosities and works of art : A portrait of a Roman procurator, which was painted at a time posterior to the building of the temple of Janus ; a- beautiful palankeen ; an an- cient treatise on palmistry, written during the palmy days of Rome ; a picture of the plebeian who displayed such heroic valor at the battle of Pharsalia ; a mammoth panorama ; articles of porcelain, papier-mache, and pa- pyrus ; a silk parachute, that lay directly in our path ; an ancient stone pestle, which perchance was used to pulverize grain ; and a pinchbeck canister filled with pouch ong tea, which was past use fi'om the loss of its freshness. As this was the season of the year for the celebration of pasch or passover, or feast of Easter, many of the chil- dren had pasch-eggs of various colors. At this stage of our visit the manager made a peremptory announce- ment that the pyrotechnist, who was always punctual in exhibiting his skill in pyrotechny, would commence the display on the ringing of the bell. After leaving 1*78 MISCELLANEOUS "WORDS. the exhibition, we overheard a person reading from a paper something about the palladium of American liberty. We supposed, from the manner of his read- ing, that he knew but little about punctuation, or the rules which enable one to punctuate correctly. And he probably did not know the distinction between the preterit or perfect tense and the present participle, and would, of course, be unable to name the parts of speech of such words as pant, pare, parse, pasture, per diem, perquisite, persiflage, phalanx, Philistine, pierce, piquan- cy, plover, poignant, poignantly, punctilio, puncture, pyrites, and pythoness. The Oaken Bucket. How dear to my heart are the scenes of mj childhood, When fond recollection presents them to view ! The orchard, the meadow, the deep-tangled wild-wood, And every loved spot which my infancy knew ; The wide-spreading pond, and the mill that stood by it. The bridge, and the rock where the cataract fell ; The cot of my fiither, the dairy-house nigh it, And e'en the rude bucket which hung in the well. 'J"he old oaken bucket, — the iron-bound bucket, — The moss-covered bucket which hung in the welL MISCELLANEOUS TVORDS. 1*79 QUAFF, (kwiif,) V. t. To drink— to swallow in large draughts. QUAL'I-FI-ED, (kwol'e-fide,) pp. or a. Kilted by accomplishments or en> dowments — modified. QUAL'I-Ft, (kwol'e-fy.) To fit for any place, ofiice, or character. QUAL'I-TV, (kwol'e-ty,) n. Property — that which belongs to a body or substance. QUALM, (kwam.) n. A sensation of nausea — a scruple of conscience. QUAN'TI-TY, (kwon'te-te,) n. A mass or collection of matter of indeterm- inate dimensions. QUAR'AN-TiNE, (kwor'an-teen,) n. Restraint of intercourse to which a ship is subjected, on the presumption that she may be infected. QUAR-AN-TiN'ED, (kwor-an-teend',) pp. Restrained from communication with the shore for a limited period. QUA'SI, L. A word used to express resemblance ; as, a quasi contract, an implied contract. QUAS'SIA, (kwosh'ya,) n. The name of a genus of plants— a medicinal article. QUAY, (ke.) n. A mole or bank formed for the purpose of loading and unloading vessels. QUES'TION, (ques'chun,) n. The act of asking— an interrogatory— the sub- ject of debate. QUID'NUN€, (quid'nunk, L. what now.) One who is curious to know, or pretends to know all occurrences. QUI'NINE, 71. A medicine much used in the treatment of agues. QUIN-TES'SENCE, n. The essential part i.f a thing. QUI VIVE, (ke veev.) The challenge of a French sentinel ; hence, to be on the qui vive, is to be on the alert. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.- PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, I5QQK.— TUNE, BULL, UNITE.-AN" GER, Vl'CIOUS.— € as K ; C as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; TH as in THIS. 180 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. QUOIT, (kwoit,) n. A stone, or circular ring, to be pitched or thrown at a fixed object. QUOTH, (kwuth or kwuth,) v. i. To say— to speak. (Used only in ludio reus language.) THE EMIGRANT. An emigrant Avho had but recently arrived in this country, and who was hardly qualified to decide upon all questions which might arise, complained with reason against the owners of vessels for allowing' the captains to crowd their ships with so many passengers, thereby vitiating the quality of the air. He stated that when he came to this country, about a year ago, there were too many in the ves- sel, and that a few of the passengers were sick, and were obliged to take quassia and quinine, and other medicines. He described the sensations of the emi- grants as they approached the shores of the new world. They were all on the qui vive to catch the first faint glimpse of the country, which was to them the quintessence of their present hopes. After arriving at the quarantine, the qualms he had felt subsided ; and while quarantined in the bay be had an opportunity to quaff a quantity of fresh water, which invigorated him very much. On arriving at the quay in the city, a quidnunc on board was observed, taking notes with great alacrity. MIRCELLVNEOUS WORDS. 181 {lA €A, (riih'ka,) n. A gyriac word, signifi'ing foolish ; a term of extremi contempt. Matt. v. 22. RAD'ISH, 7^. A well-known plant. RAFT, n. An assemblage of boards or timbers floated down a stream— • float. RA-GOUT, (ra-goo',) n. Fr. A high-seasoned dish. RAIL'LER-Y, (ral'ler-y,) n. Banter — good-humored pleasantry, or slight satire. RAI'SIN, (ra'zn,) n. A dried grape. RA'. LA'JAH, ) > n. In ! :A'JA, S India, a native prince or king. RAV ' 1 i' o RAJ-POOT', n. A Hindoo of the military order. RAN-CHE'RO, (ran-tsha'ro,) n. In Mexico, a herdsman; a peasant em- ployed on a rancho. Tbcy are a wild, lawless set. RANCH'O, (ran'tsho,) n. In Mexico, a small hamlet, or large farming es- tablishment for rearing cattle and horses. RAN'€OR, (rank'ur,) n. Deep-seated and implacable malice. RAN'€OR-OUS, (rank'ur-us,) a. Deeply malignant — implacably malicious. RAP'INE, (rap'in,) n. The act of plundering — pillage— violence. RAE*'TT|RE, (rapt'yur,) n. Transport— enthusiasm — ecstasy. RA'RA A'VIS, n. L. A rare bird — an unusual person. RARE, a. Uncommon, unusually excellent — thin — nearly raw. RARE'LY, adv. Not often ; as, things rarely seen. RASP, 7!. A species of file. RASP'BER-RY, (raz'ber-re,) n. The fruit of a bramble or species of Rubus. RA-TIOC-I-NA'TION, (ra-shos-e-na'shun.) m. The act or process of rea. soiling. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE. PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE. MOVE, WQLF, BQOK.— TUNE, BULL, UNITE.— AN' GEE, VI"CIOUS.— € aa K ; C as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; TH m in THIS. 16 182 MISCELLANEOUS "WORDS. RA'TIO, (ra'sho,) n. Proportion, rate, degree. EA'TiON-AL, ('ra'shuii-al or rash'un-al,) a. Endowed with reason — agreea» ble to reason. RA-TION-A'LE, (ra-shun-a'Ie or rash-un-5'le,) n. A series of reasons as- signed — an account or solution of the principles of some opinion, action, hypothesis, &c. RAVEL, (rav'I,) v. t. To untwist, to disentangle ; as, to ravel out a twist, to ravel out a stocking. RA-VINE', (ra-veen',) n. A long, deep, and narrow hollow or pass through mountains. REA'SON, (rg'zn,) n. The cause, ground, motive, or principle of any thing said or done. RE-CEIPT', (re-seet',) n. The act of receiving— a writing acknowledging the taking of money or goods, a recipe. RE-CESS', n. Retirement — a niche— private abode — suspension of business for a brief period. RE'CIIAB-ITES, (rg'kab-ltes,) n. pi. Among the ancient Jews, the de- scendants of Jonadab, the son of Rechab, (rS'kab,) who abstained from all intoxicating drinks. RE-CHER'CHE, (ra-shar'sha,) Fr. Literally, sought out with care; hence, nice to an extreme ; unnatural. EECI-PE, (res'i-pe,) n. A medical prescription — a receipt for making al- most any mixture or preparation. REO-I-PROC'I-TY, (res-e-pros'e-te,) n. Equal mutual rights or benefits to be yielded or enjoyed. REC-I-TA-TIVE', (res-e-ta-teev',) n. In music, a species of singing ap- proaching toward ordinary speaking. RECK'ON, (rek'n,) v. i. To reason with one's self, to think, to suppose ; as, I reckon he has arrived. RE-CLUSE', (re-kluse',) n. A person who lives in retirement — a monk — a hermit. FATE, FAR, FALL, VVMAT.— METE, PRE V.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 183 RE€-OG-NI"TION, (.rek-og-uish'uu,) n. Acknowlcdgmcut — formal avowal — memorial. EE-€OG'NI-ZA-BLE, (re-kog'ue-za-bl or re-kon'e-za-bl,) a. That may be recosiiized or known. EE-€OG'NI-ZANCE, (re-kog'ne-zans or re-kon'e-zans,) n. Avowal— in law, an obligation of record which a man enters into before some coiu-t, with condition to do some particular act. REG'OG-NIZE, (rek'og-nize or rek'o-nlze,) v. t. To recollect — to admit with a formal acknowledgment. KE-COG-NI-ZEE', (re-kog-ne-zee' or re-kon-e-zee',) n. The person to whom a recognizance is made. RE-COG-NI-ZOR', (re-kog-ue-zor' or re-kon-e-zor',) n. One who enters into a recognizance. RECOG-NIZ-ING, j);(r. Acknowledging — recollecting as known — entering a recognizance. RE€'ON-DITE, (rek'kon-dlte,) a. Secret— profound— abstruse. RE-€ON'NOIS-SANCE, n. Fr. The examination of a tract of country. RE-eoURSE', (re-korse',) n. A going to with a request or application, an for aid or protection. RED'( RED'( RED'0-LENT, a. Having or diflfusmg a sweet scent. RE-DU€'TI-0 AD AB-SUR'DUM, (re-duk'she-o ad ab-sur'dum,) L. The proving that a given supposition leads directly to an absurdity. REF'ER-A-BLE, a. That may be referred — that may be assigned. REGIME', (ra-zheem',) n. Government — mode of living — administration- order. RE6'I-MENT, n. In miUtary affairs, a body of men usually commanded by a colonel. RE-LAY', 71. A supply of horses on the road, in readiness to relieve others. RE-LIN'-QUISII, (re-link' wish,) v. t. To give up— to quit— to withdraw from. TCNE, ByU., IJNITE.— AN"GER, VI"CIOUS.— € asK;easJ;SasZ; CH as SH : TH as in THIS. I'O-LENCE, ) > n. Sweet scent. i'0-LEN-CV, S 184 MISCELLAKEOUS WORDS. REL'I-QUA-RY, n, A small box or casket, ia which relics are kept. RE-MAND'ED, pp. Called or sent back. REN'DEZ-VOUS, (ren'de-voo,) n. A place appointed for the assembling of troops, or the port where ships are to join company. KE-PAIR', (re-pare',) v. t. To restore to a soimd or good state — to mako amends. REP'A-RA-BLE, a. That may be repaired — that may be retrieved. REP'A-RA-BLY, adv. In a manner admitting of resiuration. REP'ER-TO-RY, n. A place in which things are disposed in an orderly manner — .1 treasury — a magazine. REP'TILE, (rep'til,) n. An animal that moves on its belly, or nearly so ; as snakes, lizards, &c. — a mean person. REP'lJ-TA-BLE, a. Held in esteem — being in good repute. REP'TI-TA-BLY, adv. With reputation— without discredit ; as, to flU an office reputably. REQ'UI-SITE, (rek'we-zit,) a. Required by the nature of things— neces- sary, needful. RES-ER-VOIR', Crez-er-vwor',) n. A place where any thing ia kept in store ; a cistern, raill-pond, &c. RES'IN, (rez'in,) n. Resins are solid, inflammable substances, insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol and in the essential oils. RES'IN-OUS, (rez'in-us,) a. Partaking of the qualities of resin. RES'O-NANCE, (rez'o-nans,) n. A reverberation of sound or sounds ; as resounding. RES'0-NANT, (rez'o-nant,) a. Resounding — echoing back. RE-SOURCE', n. Any source of aid or support. RES'PITE, (res'pit,) n. Delay — pause, interval of rest — in law, reprieve. RES'TAU-RANT, (res'to-riing,) n. Fr. An eating-house. RES-TAU'RA-TEUR, (les-lor'a-tur,) n. Fr. The keeper of an eating' house. RF,-SU-MF/, (ra-zu-ma',) JFV. A condensed statement — a summing up. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK. MISCKLLAHEOUS WORDS. 185 RE-TAIL', V. t. To sell in small quantities— to tell in detached parts; ai^ to retail slander. RET'l-NA, n. An expanaion of the optic nerve over the boUom of the eye. RE-VEIL'LE, (re-val'ya,) n. In militaiy affairs, the beat of drum about the break of day. REV'0-€A-BLE, a. That may be recalled or repealed. '^ REV-0-€A'T10N, n. The act of recalling— repeal— reversal. RI-AL'TO, (re-iil'to,) n. It. The name of a famous bridge at Venice. RIB'ALD-RY, n. Mean, vulgar language. RIGHT'EOUS, (ri'chus,) a. Equitable— just— accordant to the divine law. RIGHT'EOUS-NESS, (rt'chus-ness,) n. Purity of heart, and rectitude of life. RINSE, (rins,) v. t. To cleanse by the introduction of water. RINS'ED, (rinst,) pp. Cleansed with a second water. ROD-0-MONT-ADE', n. Empty bluster— vain boasting— rant. ROIL, V. t. To render turbid by stirring up the sediment— to excite soma degree of anger. ROIL'ED, (roild,) pp. Rendered turbid or foul by stirring the sediment— ongered slightly. RO-MANCE', (ro-mnns',) n. A febulous relation of adventures and inci- dents — a fiction. ROQ'UE-LAUR, (rok'e-lor,) «. A cloak for men. ROS'IN, (roz'in,) n. (This is only a different orthography of resin.) ROU-E', (roo-5',) n. Fr. A sensualist— a debauchee. ROUGE, (roozh,) a. Fr. Red. ROUGE, (roozh,) v. t. To paint or tinge with rouge. ROUG'ED, (roozhd',) pp. Tinged with rouge, as the face. ROUGE'-ET-NOIR', (roozh'5-nwii',) [Fr. red and black.] A game at cards. ROU-LEAU', (roo-lo',) n. Fr. A little roll— a roll of coins in paper. ROU-LETTE', (roo-let',) n. [Fr. a little ball or roller.] A game of chance. ROUTE or ROUTE, n. The course or way which Is traveled, or to b9 traveled. TX>NE, ByLL, IGNITE.— AN"GEK, vrCIOUS.— € as K; C as J; S aa Z* OFI as SH ; TH as lB THIS. 16* 186 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS, ROU-TiNE', (roo-tcen',) n. A round of business or amusements, fl'equcatly pursued. ROUT, (rowt,) n. A rabble — a fashionable assembly or large evening party, RtJDE, a. Uneven, rough — of coarse manners— unpolished— violent, RUF'FIAN, (ruf'yaii,) "• A boisterous, brutal fellow— a robber. RUF'FIAN-ISM, (ruf'yan-izm,) n. The net or conduct of a ruffian. RU-PEE', n. A coin and money of account in the East Indies. EUP'TIfRE, (rupt'yur,) n. The act of breaking or bursting. RUSE, (luze,) n, F>-. Trick, stratagem, artifice, fraud, deceit, RCSE DE GUERRE', (ruze-de-gar',) Fr. A stratagem of war. RtJS'SlAN, (ru'shan or rush'au,) a. Pertaining to Russia. THE KESTAURANT. Isr a certain city there is a temperance restaurant, which is a good model for other establishments of a like kind. The restaurateur, who has abundant re- sources, is enabled to retail his rare and redolent dishes in a manner quite reputable to himself, furnishing every thing requisite for a rational entertainment. In a recess one will recognize, at the proper season, raspberries, fresh raisins, radishes, and materials for a ragout ; also a large reservoir, filled with water, to rinse the dishes not already rinsed. No rancor or I'an- f-orous feeling is exhibited here, no rude ribaldry or ruffianism, or any thing tending to roil the disposition is tolerated. The ruffian and the ranchero, who is raised at the MISCELLAKEOUS WORDS. 187 rancho, and is given to rapine, can monopolize all tlie romance pertaining to reckless lawlessness. Having an inflammation of the retina of one eye, which was referable to the excessive use of that organ, I had occasion to procure a receipt or recipe at a drug store while on my way to a temperance meeting ; I also piu'chased some resin, and a resinous substance of much redolence, which was somewhat roiled ; a little rouge, which I rarely had occasion to use, and a rel- iquary completed my purchases. There was a large number of persons present at the temperance meeting, all of whom seemed inspired with the righteousness of their cause. The colonel of a reariment had left his rendezvous to attend the gather- ing, and was loudly called upon for a speech. He said the question before the audience was rather a recondite one to him, that he could make a recon- noissance more easily than a speech ; but, if they would be satisfied with his mode of ratiocination, he would go into what he considered the rationale of the subject. The revocation of the license laws, if they were revoca- ble, was highly desirable. He exposed with some raillery the rodomontade to which some persons had recourse, in order to bring about a rupture among the friends of the cause. He said it Avas a ruse of the enemy, and that a reptile that crawled in a ravine, or a well-rouged roue over his rou- lette or rouge-et-noir, had higher claims to reason and 188 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. common sense than the person whose influence tended to undermine the foundations of society. Anotlier speaker declared, with a loud resonant voice, that he would sooner repair to a raft, relinquish his claims on society, and live a recluse, without recog- nizing any one, than go through the route and routine of the bacchanal. After a short respite, a Rechabite spoke with rapture of the reciprocity of feeling exhibited in tl\is righteous cause between the different societies. He distinctly recollected a person of the old regime, whose strong breath was recognizable at quite a dis- tance, but who considered his condition reparable, and was at the present time reputably engaged in a profit- able business. The different speakers pronounced the following words improperly, viz. : Raca, rajpoot, rara avis, rasp, ratio, recherche, recitative, reckon, recog- nition, recognizance, recognizee, recognizor, redolency, relay, remanded, repertory, resonance, resume, reveille, rialto, roquelaur, rouleau, rout, and ruse de guerre. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 180 S. SAB'A-OTH, n. Armies: a word used, Romans, ix. 29; James v. 4, ("The Lord of Sabaoth.") SA-BOT', (sii-bo .) A wooden shoe. SAe'CHA-RINE, (»ak'ka-riu,) a. Pertaining to sugar — having the qualities of sugar. SAC-ER-DO'TAL, (sas-er-do'tal,) a. Pertaining to priests, or the priesthood. SACRA-MENT, (salc'ra-ment,) n. A religious ordinance — the Eucharist or Lord's Supper. SA€'Rl-FICE, (sak're-fize,) v. t. To immolate— to destroy or surrender for the sake of obtaining something. SA€'Rl-FICE, (sak're-flzo.) n. An offering to God— a loss incurred for gain- ing an object — destruction. SA€'RI-F10ED, (sak're-fiza,)p;). Offered to God upon an altar— surren- dered — destroyed. SA€'RI-FIC-1NG, (sak're-flz-ing,) ppr. Offering to God upon an altar— sur- rendering — destroying. SA€'RI-LE6E, (sak're-lig.) n. The crime of violating or profaning saaed things. S.\€-RI-LE'6I0US, a. Violating sacred things— containing sacrilege. SACRIST- Y, (sak'ris-te,) n. An apartment in a chmxh where the sacred utensils are kept. SA6'IT-TAL, (saj'it-tal,) a. Pertaining to an arrow— resembling an arrow. SA6-IT-TA'RI-US, (saj-it-ta're-us,) n. [L. an archer.] One of the twelve signs of the zodiac SAID, (sed,) pret. and pp. of saij. Declared — uttered — reported— aforesaid. S A-LINE', a. Consisting of salt — partaking of the qualities of salt FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARiNE, BTRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, VVQLF, BOOK.— TUNE, BULL, IJNITE.- AN" GER, vrciOUS.— € as K ; 6 as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; TH as in THI3. 190 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. BAL-MA-GUN'DI, (sal-ma-gun'de.) A dish for the table — a mixture — sn olio or medley. SALM'ON, (sam'muu,) re. A fish of a yellowishTed color, of the genus Salmo. SAL'SI-FY, (sal'se-fe,) n. A plant, often called the Oyster Plant, from its taste when fried. SA-LtJ'TA-TO-RY, a. Greeting— an epithet applied to the oration which introduces the exercises of the commencements in American colleges. SALVE, (silv,) n. An adhesive composition to be appjied to wounds ot sores— remedy — help. SAN€'TII-A-RY, (sankt'yu-a-re,) n. A sacred place — the temple at Jerusa- lem — a church— shelter — protection. SANG FROID, (siing-fi-wii,) n. [Fr. cold blood.] Coolness— indifference — freedom from agitation of mind. SAN'HE-DRIM, n. The ecclesiastical and cxvW council of the Jews, consist- ing of about seventy-two members. SANS, (sang,) prep. Fr. Without. BANS €U-LOTTES', (sang-ku-lof.) [Fr. without breeches.] Ragged fel- lows — an epithet of reproach applied to the extreme republican party in the first French Revolution. SANS SOU-Cl', (sung soo-see',) Fr. Without care — free and easy. SA'PI-ENT, a. Sage — wise — discerning. SAP'PHI€, (saf'fik,) a. Pertaining to Sappho, a Grecian poetess ; as, Sap- phic verse or odes. SAR'A-CEN, n. An Arabian, so called from sara, a desert. SAR-SA-PA-RIL'LA, n. A plant; a species of Smilax. SA'TIATE, (sa'shate,) v. t. To satisfy appetite or desire — to fill— to glut. SAT'IRE, 71. Keenness and severity of remark — a censorious discourse or poem. SATIR-IST n. One who writes satire. SAT'UU.\-INE, a. Dull — heavy— grave— not readily susceptible of excite- ment. PATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, rREY.— PINE, MARINE, RTRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WOLF, BQQK. M'SCELLANKOUS WORDS. 191 SA'TYR, (sS'tur,) 71. In mythology, a sylvan deity, represented as a, mon* Bter. SAUCE, (aawse.) A mixture or compositicm to be eaten with food for im- proving its relish. SAU'CER, (saw'ser,) n. A piece of china or other ware in which a tea-ciip or coffee-cup is set. SAU'CY, (saw'sy,) a. Rude— bold to excess— impudent. SAUN'TER, (san'ter,) v. i. To wander about idly— to loiter. SAU'SAOE, (saw'sc'ije,) n. Tlie intestine of an animal stulfcd with minced meat seasoned, SA-VANT', (sii-vang', n. pi. savans,) Fr. A man of learning; in the plural, literary men. S€ARCE, (gkarse,) a. Not plentiful or abundant — rare — uncommon^ SCATH'ED, (skatht,) i>p. Damaged— destroyed— wasted. SCATH'ING, (skalh'ing,) ;!pr. Destroying— damaging — injuring. SCHIST, (shisi,) n. In geology, a rock having a slaty structure. S€HO'LI-AST, (skS'le-ast,) n. A commentator or annotator. - Scro-LIST, (si'o-list,) n, A smatterer— one who knows little. SCI'RE FA'CI-AS, (sl're f§'she-as.) n. L. In law, a judicial writ. S€IR'RHOUS, (skir-,) a. Indurated— proceeding from scirrhua; as, scirrboua affections, scirrhous disease. S€LA-VO'NI-AN, (ekla-vB'ne-an,) a. Pertaining to the Sclavi, or to their language. SNJ(R, (soov'e-neer,) n. Fr. A remembrancer. SOV'ER-EIGN, (suv'er-in,) n. A supreme ruler — a king — a gold coin. SOV'ER-EIGN-TV, (suv'er-in-te,) n. Supremacy— supreme power. Absolute sovereignty belongs to God only. SPA, B. A general term or name for a spring of mineral water. SPAN'IEL, (span'yel,) n. A sagacious dog— a cringing, fawning person. SPARSE, (spiirs,) a. Thinly scattered ; as, a sparse population. SPE'CIE, (spe'shy,) n. Coin— copper, silver,.or gold coined. SPE'CIES, (spe'shez,) n. A group of individuals having an essential iden- tity — sort, kind, &c. SPE'CIOUS, (spe'shus,') a. Showy— apparently right— appearing well at first view ; as, a specious argument. SPERM-A-CE'TI, (sperm-a-s5'te,) n. Fatty matter obtained from the head of the spermaceti whale. SPHERE, (sfere,) n. An orb or globe— a circuit of action— rank — order of society. SPHE'ROID, n. A figure approaching to a sphere, but not perfectly spherical. SPIKE'NARD, (spik'nard.) n. A vague, popular name applied to many widely different plants — a name of various essential oils. SPIN'ACH, ) (spin'aje,) n. A plant of the genus Spinacia, whose leaves SPIN'A6E, ^ are boiled for greens. SPLEN'E-Tie, n. A person affected wUh spleen : a. peevish — fretful. TCNE, ByiiL, TJNITE.- AN"GER, VI CIOUS.— € a8K;easJ;Sa3Z; CH as SH ; TEI as in THIS. 196 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. SPON-TA-NE I-TY, n. The quality of acting from natural foelii^ or ten*- perament without restraint. SQUAL'ID, (skwol'id,) a. Filthy— foul— extremely dirty. SQUA'LOR, n. Coarseness — foulness— filthiness. SQUAN'DER, (skwon'der,) v. t. To spend prodigally — to spend lavishly — to dissipate. STA'BAT MA'TER, n. L. A celebrated Latin hymn, beginning wilh theae words. STA€-€A'TO, (stak-kii'to,) It. In music, denoting a short, distinct, articu- late style. STAFF, n. A stick carried in the hand for support by a person w-^Uting — a support. STA6'IR-ITE, (staj'er-lte,) n. An appellation given to Aristotle from the place of his birth, Stagira, in Macedonia. STA-LACTITE, (sta-lak'tyte,) n. A pendent mineral cone, attached like an icicle to the roof or side of a cavern. STAL'WART, (stawl'wart,) a. Bold — strong— brave— daring — redoubted. STANCH, V. t. To stop the flowing of blood. STANCH, a. Firm— sound — strong and tight; as, a stanch ship; firm in principle. STAN'CHION, (stan'shun,) n. A post — a prop or support. STATICS, (stat'iks,) ti. That branch of mechanics which treats of the forces that keep bodies at rest. STAT-IS-TI"CIAN, (stat-is-tish'an,) n. A person skilled in the science of statistics. STATtJE, (stat'yu,) n. An image made of wood, stone, or marble, &c STAT'TJRE, (stat'yur,) n. The natural hight of an animal body. STEAD I-LY, (sted'e-le,) adv. With firmness — without wavering or tot- tering. BTEPPE, (step,) n. The Russian name given to the extensive phdns in Asia. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.-^ K6TE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, B90K. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 197 BTE'RE-OTTPE, a. Pertaining to fixed metallic types— done on plates of fixed types. STE'RE-O-TtP-ED, f?t5'ie-o-t5pt,) pp. or a. Formed on plates of fixed types — unchangL'able. STER'ILE, (ster'il,) a. Unfruitful— not fertile— barren ; as, sterile land. STE'VE-DORE, 71. One whose occupation is to load or unload vessels in port. BTINT, n. Limit— bound— proportion allotted. The workmen have their stint STIR'RUP, (stur'rup,) n. A well-known appendage to a saddle. STl'VER, n. A Dutch coin, of the value of two cents. STO-MA€H'I€, (sto-mak'ik,) n. A medicine that strengthens the stomach. STO'RI-ED, (sie'rid,) pp. or a. Furnished with stories— related in story — told or recited in history. STRA-TE'6I€, -AL, ^ C'A » T r "• Tertaining to strategy— effected by artifice. STRA-TE'Gl-C- STR.^TE-filST, n. One skilled in strategy, or the science of directing great military movements. STRA'TUM, (pi. stra'tums or stra'ta,) n. In geology and mineralogy, a layer; as, a stratum of sand, &c. BTREW, (strO or strO.) v. U To scatter— to spread by scattering. STREWED, (strode,) pp. Spread by scattering ; as, sand strewed on paper. STRICT hRE, (sirikt'yur,> n. A stroke— critical remark— censure. STRIP'ED, (strTpt,) pp. Made with lines of diflerent colors: a. having stripes of different colors. BTRUC'TTIR-AL, (strukt'yur-al,) a. Pertaining to structure. BTRUe'TIIRE, (strukt'yur,) n. Act of building— manner of building— a building — an edifice. ST^ DENT, n. A person devoted to books— one engaged in study. STC'PE-FI-ED, (-fide) pp. or a. Having the understanding blunted— made dull or stupid. TONE, BULL, IGNITE.- AN"GER, vrciOUS.- € a3K;6asJ;SasZ; CH asiSH; TH as in Tflia. 17* 198 MISCELLANEOUS WOnDS. SUA'SION, (swa'zhuD,) n. The act of persuading. SUAV'[-TY, (swav'e-le,) ?». Agreeablenesa — pleasantness ; as, suavity of manners or address, SUB-ALTERN, (sub-awi'tern,) a. Subordinate— inferior : used chiefly of military officers. SUB RO'SA, (3ub-ro'zali,) L. Literally, under the rose— secretly— privately. • f n. The act of sinking or faiUno;, as in the lees of SUB-SI'DENCE, I < lifiuors — the act of sinkin. or gradually descending) SUB SI'DEN-CY, I '- as ground or water. SUB-SID'I-A-RY, (snb-sid'e-a-re.) a. Aiding— assistant— furnishing addi- tional supplies. SUB-STAN'TIATE, (sub-stau'ahate,) v. t. To establish by proof or com- petent testimony. SUB-STRA'TUM, {pi. substrata,) n. L. A layer of earth or other matter lying under another. BUB-SIST', V. i. To be— to live — to be maintained with food and clothing. SUBTILE, (sub'til,) a. Thin— not dense ; as, a subtile air ; a subtile me- dium — fine — delicate. SUBTILE, (sut'tl,) a. Sly — cunning — artful — insinuating ; as, a subtile ad- versary. SUB TLE, (sut'il,) a. Artful— sly in design. [See Subtile.] SUBTIL-TY, .(sut'tl-te,) n. Cunning— sly in design: (sub'til-te,) thinness, fineness. SUB'TLY, (sut'tle,) adv. Cunningly— slily— artfully— delicately. SUB-URB'AN, a. Inhabiting or being in the suburbs of a city. SUF-FICE', (suf-ftze',) v. t. To satisfy— to content— to supply— to afford. SUF-FIC'ED, (suf-flzd',) pp. Adequately supplied— satisfied. SUF-FIC'ING, (suf-fiz'ing,) ;>;)r. Supplying what is needed — satisf^'ing. SUF FRA-GAN, a. Assisting; as, a suffragan bishop. SUG'AR, (shug'ar,) n. A well-known substance, manufactured chlefi| from the sugar-cane. ATE, FAR, FflLL, WlUT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, EIRD,- NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, CQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 199 BLJG-6ES'TI0N, (aug-jest'yun,) n. Presentation of an idea to the tnlnd— « hint — insinuation. BC-I-CI'DAL, (sii-e-sy'dal,) a. Partaking of the crime of suicide SC-I-CI'DAL-LY, (su'e-sy'dal-e,) adv. In a suicidal manner. SC'I gEN'ER-IS, L. Of its own or peculiar kind— singular. SVIT, (sute,) n. A set — retinue— attendance— train. (The French orlhog» raphy suite, (sweet,) is rejected very propeiiy by Dr. Webster and Jameson.) SUITE, (sweet,) n. Fr. Retinue. [See Suit, above] SC'MAC, 1 (shu'mak,) n. A plant of the genus RhuS) used in tanning SC'MA€H, ) and dyeing. SU-PER-FI"CIES, (su-per-flsh'ez,) n. singular. The exterior part of B thing — the surface. SLT-PER-STRA'TUM, n. A stratum or layer above another. BUP'PLE, (sup'pl,) a. Flexible— pliant— easily bent— yielding. SUP'PLE-NESS, (Sup'pl-ness,) 7i, The quality of easily yielding— readinesj of compliance. SUU-MISE', n. The act of Imagining without certain knowledge— bus- picion. 6UR-PASS', V. t. To go beyond in any thing good or bad— to exceed— to excel. BUR'PLICE, (sur'pIiSj) n, A white garment worn by the Roman Caiholic and Episcopal clergy. SUR'PLIOED, (sur'plisL,) a. Wearing a surplice. SUR'PLUS-A6E, n. Sui-plus; as, eurplugage of produce beyond what it wanted. SUR-VEIL'LANCE, (sur-val'yans,) n. Fr. Inspection- watch— oversight. StJT'TJRE, (sut'yure,) n, A sewing— the seam which unites tlis bonea of the skull. BWARD, n. Turf— the grassy surface of land. SWE-DEN-BOR'GI-AN, n. A follower of Emanuel Swedenborg. TCNE, DyLL, TINITE.~AN"GER, VrCIOU.'?.--€ as K ; C as J; S as Z; CH as SH ; TH as in THIS. 200 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. SWORD, (sword or s9rd,) n. A weapon worn at the side, used for cutting or thrusting— justice. SYB'A-HITE, n. A person devoted to luxury and pleasure. BYN'O NYM, n, A word having the same signiflcation as another, is Its synonym. SYN-ON' Y-MOUS, (syn'on'e-mus,) o. Expressing the same thing— having the same meaning. SYR'INGE} (sir'inj,) n. An instrument for injecting liquids into animal bodies. BOOKS, The reader wlio is fond of books, may find some satisfaction in the following brief description of a lot of miscellaneous works, which the writer of this exer- cise had the opportunity of examining while at a book* Store. The books which first attracted our attention Were those of a theological character. A treatise by a learned scholiast on Passages of Scripture in the Septuagint, received the sanction of the Jewish Sanhedrim. A vocabulary was appended to the work, giving a full definition of the following words, viz. : Sabaoth, sacerdotal, sacrament, sacrifice, sacrificing, sacrilege, sacrilegious, sacristy, sanctuary, shrive, solemn, soothsayer, surplice, surpliced, shekel, and Shiloh. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 201 The author of the next work had been a sojourner for a short time at the court of the Shah of Persia, whose sovereignty was more unlimited than that of any other sovereign. He related the incidents of a sortie made by a Sepoy, who was a sergeant, and a great strategist. A subaltern officer was wounded during the maneuver, and was carried in a sedan to a spa, Avhich was on a steppe at no great distance. The biographies of a Saracen, a Turkish seraskier, a Scythian, and a treatise on the Sclavonian Language, contained but little that would interest the American reader. A work on Dietetics contained important suggestions. The author stated that a person who would subsist on fruits that contained a portion of sugar or saccharine matter, and such vegetables as salsify and spinach, and suffice his appetite with a small quantity of meat, would have more suppleness of body than the Sybarite, who pursues a suicidal course by eating saline substances, salmon, sausages, and highly seasoned sauce. A book, written by a subtile student of medicine, recommended a daily siesta as a good sedative for splenetic persons, and gave a recipe for making an ex- cellent salve to soften scirrhous affections, and remove the slough from troublesome eruptions, A preparation of sarsaparilla, spikenard, spermaceti, and other mate- rials, was considered as a potent specific for the solace of somnolent persons, and for individuals troubled with 202 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. somnambulism. It was also recommended as a sto- machic, and as being: ffood in cases of stricture and structural derangement. The work of a sapient statistician and shrewd agri- culturist treated of sterile soils, and stating that if soot and the contents of sewers were strewed over the soil without stint, after the sward was turned under, the stratum below would be much improved. It was also suggested that the farmer should strew a common saucer full of soot around the roots of each fruit-tree, and make free use of the syringe in removing every species of insects. A tract on Astronomy, by a learned savant, main- tained a peculiar theory in reference to Sagittarius and the sidereal regions. Another, by a mere sciolist, treat- ed of the sagittal suture and the sclerotic coat of the eye ; and a third, on Geology, described the structui'e of schist, sienite, the stalactite, silicious formations, and presented a long article to substantiate a subtile theoiy in regard to the subsidence of land and water in various places. A small pamphlet, recently stereotyped, contained advice for those involved in the sphere of squalid pov ei'ty. It stated that beneath all the squalor, there Wci.* a substratum of humanity identical with that of \X\^ refined and gifted ; tliat the spectacle of men of stal- wart stature beino- oblicred to saunter about, and often failing to procure the means of sufficing the wants ot MISCELLANEOUS "WORDS. 203 their families, was an evidence of the stupefied stale of society on this subject. The industrious female, "who continued to se"W stead- ily until she had sewed enough to remove the hue of health from her countenance, could not even then be free from the scathing influences of "want. A soporific satire of a "would-be satirist presented nothing significative of good judgment or sense. It "was silhly contrived, and "would easily satiate a person of refinement. It represented the office of a seneschal as a sinecure, and the soiree or sociable over "which he presided as being attended by supple slaves, "who as- sisted the sinecurist to squander the surplusage of his master's larder. It was quite a relief to turn to the salutatory oration of a young man endowed with spontaneity of thought and sua"vity of manners. He said that health was often sacrificed by the imprudent scholar ; that a little learn- ing sufficed one with a saturnine temperament ; that good students were scarce ; that some of those who were under the surveillance of professors and tutors contrived by some subtilty or solecism to escape cen- sure. That the shibboleth of party was of but little force with the Southron or the Northener. A small vocabulary, consisting chiefly of musical terms, gave the spelled pronunciation of every word except the following, viz. : soprano, staff, sentient, siren, sonata, sopranist, suasion, surmise, souvenir, spe- 204 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. cious, shaft, sculpture, storied, stereotype, and stac- cato. A salmagundi or medley had in it an endless number of subjects. It narrated the adventures of a soi-disant traveler, who was known by a singular sobriquet, and stated that, Avhile traveling in the suit of an embassa- dor, he was much annoyed by the sirocco. The author also dilates upon sinecurisms, statics, a superstratum of serried rocks on the coast of Norway, a method of measuring the superficies of spheroid figures, the phi- losophy of the learned Stagirite, a theory of the in- fluence of southerly winds on vessels going southward, and also giving a brief enumeration of the qualities of sumac. In a work published by a careless printer, the fol- lowing words were improperly spelled, viz. : sabot, sans, satyr, scathed, seine, senile, seniority, sierra, sil- houette, simultaneous, simultaneously, sine qua non, sine die, slanting, slough (a mud-hole), sloven, soap- suds, socage, spaniel, sparse, specie, stanch Also stanchion, statue, stevedore, stirrup, stiver, strategic, striped, suffragan, suicidally, synonym, sya^ onymous, and Swedenborna" MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 205 T. TAB'LEAU, (tab'lo,) n. Fr. A striking and graphic repreeentation — a pic- ture. TAB'LEAUX VlL'VANTS, (tab'lo-ve'vang,) Fr. Living pictures— a rep- resentation of some scene by a group of persons. TA'BLE D'HOTE, (ta bl-dot,) Fr. A common table for guests at a French hotel. TA€'TILE, (tak'til,) a. Susceptible of touch— that may be felt; as, tactile qualities. TA'EN, (tane.) The poetical contraction of taken. TAM-BOUR-INE', (tara-boor-een',) n. A small shallow drum with only one skin, played on with the hand. TAP'ES-TRY, n. Woven hangings of wool and silk. TAP-I-O'CA, (tap-c-6'kah,) n. The popular name of the fecula obtained from the cassada plant, TAR'IFF, 71. A list of duties to be paid on goods imported or exported. TAR-PAU'LIN, (tiir-paw'Un,) n. A name given to hats covered with painted or tarred cloth — a piece of canvas covered with tar. TASK, n. Business imposed by another — burdensome employment. TAS'SEL, n. A pendent ornament attached to curtains, and ending in loose threads. • TAUNT, (tant,) n. Bitter or sarcastic reproach— upbraiding words. TE DE'UM, n. L. A hymn to be sung in churches or on occasions of joy. TE'Dl-OUS, (te'de-us,) a. Wearisome— tiresome from continuance— slow. TE DI-UM, (t(5'de-um,) n. Wearisomenoss — irksomeness. TEL-EG'RA-PHY, 7j. The art of communicating intelligence by a telegraph. TEN'DER-LOIN, n. A tender part of fiesh in the hind quai-ter of beef. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.- METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BTRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WOLF, BOOK.— TONE, BULL, TJNITE.— AN " GER, VrClOUS.— € as K ; 6 as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; T [I as in THIS. 18 206 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. TEN'ET, n. Any principle, doctrine, or dogma which a person maintains as true. TEN'IIRE, (ten'yur,) n. Holding — the particular manner of holding real estate. TEP'ID, a. Lukewarm — moderately warm. TER'CI-VER-SATE, (ter'je-ver-sate,) v. i. To practice evasion— to shift. TERP-SI€H-0-RE'AN, (terp-sik-o-r5'an,) a. Relating to Terpsichore, the muse who presided over dancing. TERRA IN €OG'NI-TA, n. L. An unknown region. TETE, (tate,) n. [Fr. head.] A kind of cap of false hair. TETE'-A-TETE', (tate'-a-tate',) n. Fr. Head to head— private conversa- tion. TEXTILE, (tekst'll.) a. Woven or capable of being woven. THER-A-PECTI€S, -n. That part of medicine which respecU the discovery and application of remedies for diseases. THRALL'DOM, (thrawl'dum,) n. Bondage — slavery — a state of servitude. TUREE'-PENCE, (thrip'-ense,) n. A silver coin of three times the value of a penny. THWART, (thwort,) v. t. To cross — to contravene — to frustrate or defeat. TI-A'RA, (ty-a'rah,) n. A kind of turban — the pope's tiiple crown. TI€ DOU-LOU-REUX', n. Fr. A painfiU affection of a nerve, usually in the head. TI'GRINE, (tl'grin,) a. Like a tiger. T1N€'TIJRE, (tinkt'yur,) n. An extract— a spiiituous solution— a tinge or shade of color. TIN'Y, a. Very small— puny— little. TO-KA Y', n. A kind of wine, made of white grapes at Tokay, in Hungary. TOLL'-BOOTH, (tole'-booth,) n. A place where goods are weighed to as- certain the duties or toll — a prison. TO-MA'TO or TO-MA'TO, n. A plant and its fruit, the Lycopersicuir Eaculentum. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.- PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 20*7 T0P-O-GRAPH'I€, ) a. Pertaining to topography— descriptive of a TOP-0-GRAPH'I€-AL, \ place. TORTILE, (tort'il,) a. Twisted— coiled— wreathed. lu botany, coiled like a rope. TOR'TIOUS, (tor'shus,) a. Injurious. lu law, implying injury for whicli the law gives damages. TORTOISE, (tor'tis.) n. An animal of the order Testudinata, covered with a shell. TORT-IJ-OSE', (tort-yu-ose',) a. Twisted— wreathed— winding. TORT'lJ-OUS, (lort'yu-us,) a. Wreathed— twisted— winding ; as, a tortu- ous train. TORT'IJRE, (tort'yur,) n. Anguish of body or mind — extreme pain. TO'TO CCE'LO, (to'to-see'Io,) L. By the whole hemisphere— as opposite as possible. TOU-PEE', ) (too-pa'i) n. An artificial lock of hair — a little tuft— a small TOU-PET', \ wig. TOUCH'ING-LY, (tuch'ing-le,) adv. Feelingly — in a manner to movo the passions. TOUR, (toor,) n. A going round — a journey in a circuit; as, the torn* of Europe. TOUR'IST, (toor'ist,) n. One who makes a tour, or performs a journey. TOURN'A-MENT, (turn'a-ment,) n. A mock fight, in which quite a num- ber of combatants are engaged. TOURN'I-CiUET, (turn'e-ket,) n. A surgical instrument used to check hemori'hages. TOUR-NCRE', n. Fr. Turn— contour. TO'VVARD, (to'ard,) prep. In the direction to — with respect to — nearly. TRA'€HE-A, (tra'ke-ii.) n. In anatomy, the windpipe. TRACTILE, (trakt'il,) a. Ductile— capable of being drawn out in length. TRADE'-VVIND, n. A name given to winds in the torrid zone, which blow from the same quarter nearly the whole year. Their general direction on TONE, BULL, IJNITE.— AN"GER, Vl"CIOUS.— € as K ; ft as J ; S aa Z ClI as SH ; TH as ia THIS. 208 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. the north side of the equator is from N. E. to S. W. On the south side, from S. E. to N. W. TRA-DI"TION, (tra-dish'un,) n. The delivery of opinions or practices from father to son. TRA-C£'DI-AN, (tra-je'de-an,) v. An actor of tragedy — a writer of tragedy. TRANCE, (triins,) n. An ecstasy. In medicine, catalepsy. TRAN'QUIL, (trank'wil,) a. Calm — undisturbed— quiet— not agitated. TRAN'QUIL-IZ-ED, (trank'wil-Izd,) jy. Composed — quieted — calmed. TRANS-AL'PINE, (trans-al'pin,) a. Lying beyond the Alps in regara to Rome, opposed to cisalpine. TRAN'fc^IENT, (tran'shent,) a. Not lasting or durable — of short duration — momentary. TRANS-PAR'ENT, a. Having the property of transmitting rays of light— pellucid. TRANS-PAR' ENT-LY, adv. So as to be seen through— cleaily. TRA-PE'ZJ-UM, n. A geometrical figure. In anatomy, a bone of the carpus. TRAVERSE, v. t. To cross — to survey— to wander over; as, to traverse the habitable globe. TRAV'ERS-ING, ;)pr. Passing over — thwarting — denying — crossing. TRAV'ES-TI-ED, (trav'es-tid,) pp. Disguised by dress— turned into ridicule. TRAV'ES-Ty, n. A burlesque translation of a work — a parody. TREA'CLE, (trS'kl,) n. The sirup which drains from the sugar-refiner's molds — molasses. TREAS'TJRE, (trezh'ur,) n, A stock or store of money in reserve — wealth accumulated. TREA$'IJR-ER, (trezh'ur-er,) n. One who has the care of a treasure or treasury. TRE.\T'ISE, (treet'is,) n. A tract — a written composition on a particular subject. TREB'LE, (trib'l,) n. The highest of the foiu* principal parts in music. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— KOTE, DOVE, MOVE, VVQLF, BOOK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 209 TKEB'LY, (trib'le,) adv. In a threefold number or quantity ; as, a good action trebly rewarded. TREP-l-DA'TION, M. An involuntary trembling — hurry — confused haste. TRIE I[NE, (trib'yune,) n. In ancient Rome, a magiftrate — in France, an elevated place in the chamber of deputies, from which speeches m-e made, TRIB'lJ^TE, (trib'yute,) n. Money paid by one prince or nation to another — a personal contribution. TRI'O, n. Three united. In music, a composition in three parts ; (fre- quently pronounced treo.) TRIP'O-LI, (trip'o-le,) n. An earthy substance, used in polishing stonog and metals. TRI-SE€T, V. t. To divide or cut into three equal pai-ts. TRITON, n. In mythology, a fabled sea derai-god— a genus of Batrochiaa reptiles. TRI'TJNE, (tri'yune,) a. Three in one. TROM'BONE, n. It. A deep-toned instrument of the trumpet kind, consistr ing of three tubes. TRO'PHI-ED, (tro'fld,) a. Adorned with trophies. TRO'PH Y, (tro'fe,) n. A memorial of conquest— something that ia evidence of victory. TROU'BA-DOUR, (troo'ba-door,) n. One of a school of poets who flouT' ished from the eleventh to the latter end of the thirteenth century. TROUB'LOUS, (trub'lus,) a. Agitated— tumultuous. TROUGH, (trawf,) n. A vessel hollow longitudinally— trough of the sea, the space between two high waves. TRUN'CHEON, (trun'shim,) n. A baton, or military staffof command— a club. TRUN'DLE-BED, n. A bed that is moved on httle wheels ; called also a truckle-bed. TUR-MOIL', n. Tumult — disturbance — trouble — molestation by tumnlL TYM'PAN-UM, n. The drum of the ear. In mechanics, a wheel placed round an axis. TtJNE, BUIX, IJNITE.- AN"GER, VI"CIOUS.— € a3K;6a8J;»asZi CH aa SH ; TH as in THIS. 18* 210 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. THE LUMTIC ASYLUM. The painful sensations one usually receives on visit- ing a lunatic asylum, are often partially dissipated by the grotesque appearance and desultory remarks of the unfoi'tunate beings there assembled. A person who was deeply interested in improving the condition of the insane, gave a few details of a visit which he made to one of these establishments. An individual who had written a work on thera- peutics, and who had occasionally a transient gleam of reason, Avas sitting in a tranquil state of mind, pre- paring, as he stated, a tincture for the trachea and tympanum. It is reported that he was seized with a trepidation while adjusting a tourniquet, so that a surgeon could examine the trapezium, which had been displaced. The tedious nature of the operation threw him into a kind of trance. He was found the next morning trav- ersing the fields, and his friends were obliged to per- form the sad task of taking him to the asylum. One who had been the treasurer of a company, wore on his head a tarpaulin, calling it a tiara. He had three-pence in his hand, and considered it a vast sura or treasure, which would enable him to traverse the universe, thwart the purposes of tyrants, and dehver the people from the tedium and thralldom of servitude. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 211 Another, wlio said he was a troubadour, had what he called a tambourine and trombone. He wore on his head a textile fabiic, which he called a trophy, de- manded tribute of those who came toward him, and said they would have a grand tableau behind the tapes- try, when every body Avas tx-anquilized. One who represented himself as a physician, had a composition Avhich would relieve the torture of tic douloureux. It was made of the triturated shell of the tortoise, transparent treacle, juice of the tomato, tepid water, tokay, tapioca, and pulverized tripoli. A tender- loin was to be eaten immediately after taking it, and if the victim was a member of Congress, he must A'ote against the tariff, in order to escape the taunts of the democrats. One person, apparently about forty years old, had been a jxreat tourist. He had heard Te Deum sunof at St. Peter's Church, in Rome ; made a tour through the eastern part of Europe ; dined at the table d'hote of a French hotel in Constantinople ; witnessed the tourna- ment ; been driven by the trade-winds, in a tiny vessel, through the tunnoil of the troublous waves ; was sometimes in the trough of the sea, then on billows mountain high. The last unfortunate being we shall describe was a tragedian. He had a large tassel hanging from his head, a truncheon was in his hand, and while standing on something like a trundle-bed, was making a flaming 212 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. soliloquy, sometimes speaking quite touchingly, and then suddenly assuming a tigrine aspect. The follow- ing is a specimen : That I have ta'en away this old man's daughter, is most true. — Off ! to the toll-booth with the topograph- ical engineer ! — Why trisect the triton who comes tro- phied from the wars ? — Gently, the travesty was traves- tied ! 'twas trebly done ! — Where is the tortious tribune, whose tactile touch no trio could appease ? — Ah ! down with telegraphy ! — 'Twas by no fault of ours, no tenet> the feeble tenure of his life was held. — Tradition does not tergiversate. — The tortile tortuous terpsichorean has gone to terra incognita. — Transalpine friends will meet. — But who sinirs treble here ? FoK Aetioulation and Spelling. "When Ajax strives some rock's vast weight to throw, The lines, too, labor, and the words move slow. When a twister, a twisting, would twist him a twist, For twisting his twist, three twists he will twist ; But if one of the twists of the twist doth untwist, The twist that untwisteth, untwisteth the twist. MISCELLANEOUS WdRDS. 213 U. IJ-BIQ'UI-TY, (yu-bik'we-te,) n. Existence in all places, or every where, at the same time — omnipresence. tJ-KASE', n. In Russia, a proclamation or order published, having the force of law. Uli-TI-MA'TUiM, n. In diplomacy, final propositions, the most favorable terms a negotiator can offer — any final proposition. UL'TRA, a. Beyond — extreme ; as, ultra principles — one who advocates extreme measures. UL-TKA-MON'TANE, a. Ultramontane doctrines, when spoken of north of the Alps, denote the extreme views as to the Pope's supremacy, UL-TRA-MON'TA-NIST, n. One who holds to ultramontanisra. UM-BRA'6EOUS, (um-bra'jus,) a. Shading — forming a shade; as, umbrae geous trees. UN-AL'IEN-A-BLE, (un-aryen-a-bl,) a. Not alienable — that may not be transferred. TI-NA-NIM'I-TY, (yu-na-nim'e-te,) n. Agreement of a number of persons in opinion. XJ-NAN'I-MOUS, (yu-naa'e-mue,) a. Agreeing in opinion — being of one mind. UN-AN'SWER-A-B LE, (uu-an'ser-a-bl,) a. Not capable of refutation ; a^ an unanswerable argument. UN-AP-PR£'CIA-BLE, (un-ap-pre'sha-bl,) a. Not appreciable. UN-AP-PRF.'CIA-TED, (un-ap-prE'sha-ted,) a. Not properly estimated or valued. UN-ASK'ED, (un-askt'O a. Unsolicited— not asked; as, to bestow favors unasked. UN-AP-SO'CIA-TED, (un-as-so'sha-ted,) a. Not associated— not united. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE. PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE. MOVE, VVQLF, BOOK.— TCNE, BULI., TJNITE.— AN'' GEE, VI "CIOUS.— € a8K;6asJ;$aaZ;CHa8SH;THaain THIS. 214 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. TJ'NA VO'CE, L. With one voice — unanimously. UN-CHAS-TISED, (un-chas-tlzd',) a. Not chastised— rot corrected— not punished. trN-€LEAN'LI-NESS, (un-l:len'le-ness,) n. Filthiness — want of clean- liness. UN-€LEAN'LY, (un-klen'ly,) a. Foul— filthy— indecent— obscene. UN-€OME'LY, (un-kuin'le,) a. Not comely — wanting grace ; as, an un- comely person. UN-€OiVl'PLAI-SANT, (un-kom'pla-zant,) a. Not complaisant— not court- ecus. UN-€OM'PLAI-SANT-LY, (un-kom'pla-zant-ly,) adv. Discourteously— un- civilly. UN-CON'JU-GAL, (un-kon'ju-gal,) a. Not befitting a wife or husband. UN-€ON-SCI-EN'TIOUS, (un-kon-she-en'shus,) a. Not conscientious— not regulated by conscience. 17N-€OURT'E-OUS, (uu-kurt'e-us,) a. Unpolite — uncivil — not complaisant. UN€T IJ-OUS, (unkt'yu-us,) a. Fat— greasy— having a resemblance to oil. • UN-DA UNT'ED, a. Not daunted— not depressed by fear UN-DER-NE ATII', prep. Beneath— under. UN-DE-SIGN'ED, (uu-de-sind',) a. Not designed— not intended. UN-DE-SIGN'ED-LY, (un-de-slne'ed-le,) adv. Without design or intention. UN-DE-SIGN'ING, (un-de-sTne'ing,) a. Upright— sincere — having no fraud- ulent purpose. UN-EX-AM'PLED, (un-egz-am'pld,) a. Unprecedented*— having no example or similar case. UNGUENT, (un'gwent) n, A soft composition, use^ is a topical remedy for sores, &c. — an ointment. UN-HOUS'ED, (un-houzd',) pp. Driven from a hous^— waating a house- homeless. UN-1N-I"TIA-TED, (un-in-ish'a-ted,) a. Not initiated. UN-IN'TER-EST-ED, a. Not interested— having nothiii« "H «take. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MABJtN* 8iaU»~> NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BOOK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 215 UN-IN'TER-EST-ING, a. Not capable of exciting an interest, or of engaging ihe mind. U-NJQUE', (i'u-neelc',) a. Uuequaled — sole — single in its kind or excellenoe. U-NIV'O-CAL, a. Having only one meaning; opposed to equivocal. UN-LIQ'UI-DA-TED, (un-Iik'we-da-ted,) a. Not liquidated— not settled. UN-MASK'ED, (un-miiskt',) pp. Stripped of a mask— exposed to view. UN-RI'VAL-ED, a. Having no rival or competitor — peerless — unequaled. UN-STANCH'ED, (un-stiincht',) a. Not stanched — not stopped ; as blood. UN-SUR-PASS'ED, (un-sur-piist',) a. Not surpassed— not exceeded. UN- v'-Vl"TIA-TED, ) J-VI"CIA-TED, \ ■ (un-vish'a-ted,) a. Not vitiated — not corrupted. UN-"""" ■^ """" 1 ^ '^ ^ TJ'RA-NUS, (yu'ra-nus,) n. One of the primary planets. It has also been called Herschel, and Georgium Sidus. TJ'SAfiE, (yu'zaje,) n. Treatment — long-continued use — custom — practice. THE LOUVRE O PARIS. No one who goes to Paris should fail of visiting the Louvre. Here are unique and unrivaled paintings, un- surpassed by no others throughout the world. They are not only unexampled in regard to their finish and execution, but they have received the unanimous appro- bation of the amateurs of Christendom. Though unasked, we will nevertheless assist the unin- itiated visitor, if he will not consider it uncourteous and uncomplaisant on our part, in his stroll of observation through this unappreciable gallery. Ou the left, as you enter, is the portrait of Napoleon, 216 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. who seems to possess a kind of ubiquity in the French mind. The unanimity of opinion throughout France in reference to this man is truly astonishing. Though he trampled upon the unalienable rights of the unhoused Frenchman ; though he was unconscientious and uncon- jugal in his domestic relations ; though unstanched blood saturated the soil of Europe ; yet we find the prestige of greatness still clings to his name. No person of unvitia- ted taste will gaze long on the lineaments of one who is now in some measure unmasked before the world. Underneath the portrait of the ultramontanist was placed, probably undesignedly, that of John Kjiox, The next piece, though tmcomely and uncleanly in ap- pearance, is not uninteresting as a work of art. The painter of the last-mentioned piece was an undesigning individual, and was unassociated with any one in busi- ness, owing to the large number of unliqviidated claims against him. If the visitor is uninterested so far, let him take a glance at the statue of the person who was favorable to ultramontane doctrines, and who sent the ultimatum of the government to the Emperor of Russia, after he had published his ukase — a document which remained unappreciated by the nations of Europe. Umbrageous trees surround the undaunted and un- chastised man, who claimed to have discovered the planet Uranus. And the usage he has met with in consequence of his audacity will be a salutary example to others. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 217 T. VA-t'CINE^ (vak'sin,) a. Pertaining to cows— derived from cows ; as, the Vaccine disease, or cow-pox. VAL'E [') (val'et or val'Ia,) n. A servant who attends on a gentleman's person. VAL'ET DE CHAM'BRE, (val'15 de shdm'br,) Fr. A body-ser\ant or per» sonal attendant, VA-LlSE', (va-lees',) n, A small leather sack or case, for containing the clothes of a traveler. VAL'II'ED, (val'yude,) pp. or a. Estimated at a certain rate — esteemed. VAN'QUISH, (vank'wish,) v. t. To conquer— to subdue in battle, as an enemy — to refute in argument. VAN'QUISH-EI), (vank'wisht,) pp. or a. Subdued— defeated— overcome in battle. VANT, t)> i. To beast. [This is the more correct orthography. See fatint.J VA'RI-ED, (va'rid,) pp. or a. Partially changed— altered. VA'RI-E-GATE, v. t. To diversify in external appearance — to mai'k with different colors. VA'RI«E-GA-TED, pp. of a. Diversified in colors or appearance. VA'RI-OLOID, n. A name given to a particular variety of the smaJl-pox. VAST, a. Being cf great extent — spacious — large ; as, the vast ocean, a vast abyss. VAST'LY, adv. To a great extent or degree ; as, men differ vastly in their opinions. VAUDE'VILLE, (vSde'vil,) n. J'V. A p!ay intermingled with light or comic songs. VAUNT, 13. J. To boast— to talk wi^ vain ostent»tton. [This ought to bo written P^ant,"] FATE, FAR, FALL, WII^T.- METE, PRKY.— PINE, MARINE, BTRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WOLF, B90K.— TUNE, BULL, IINITE.— AN" GER, VI"CIOUS.— € OS K ; 6 as J ; S as Z ; CH 88 SH ; TH as in THIS. 19 218 miscella-neotts words. VAUNT'ING, ppr. Vaiuly boasting — osteatatiously setting foi'th what on* is or has. VJt;'HI-€LE, (ve'he-klj n. That in Which any thing may be carried— B carriage. VE-Lo'CE, (va-lo'clia,) It. In music, quiclc. VE-LOC'I-PEDE. (ve-Ios'e-pede,) n. A small carriage for one person, pro- pelled by strilving the toes against the earth. VE-LOG'I-TY, (ve-lt)s'e-te',) n. Celerity — swiftness — rapidity. VEN-DtJE', n. Auction — a public sale of any thing to the highest bidder. VEN'ER-Y, n. (from Venus.) Sexual intercourse. VEN'I-SON, (ven'e-zn or ven'zn,) n. The flesh of the deer. ' VEN'TIJRE, (vent'yur,) «. A hazard— an undertaiiing of chance or danger — contingency. VEN'TTJRE-SOME, i^vent'yur-sum,) a. Bold— intrepid— daring ; as, a ven- turesome man. VE-RAC'I-TY, (ve-ras'e-tc,) n. Habitual obseiTance of truth ; as, 3 man of veracity. VER-BA'TIM, adv. L, Word for word — in the same words. VER'DI-GRlS, (vur'de-grees,) n. Disacetate of copper; in an tapurs statet used as a pigment. VERD'tJRE, (verd'yiu-,) n. Green— frcsliuess of vegetation ; as, the verdure of spring. VEKG'ER, (verj'er,) n. He that carries the mace before the bishop — a pew- opener. VERS'A-TILE, (yers'a-til,) a. That may be turned round— changeable — unsteady. VER'SUS, /y. Against; as, John Doe versus Richard Roe. VEST'IJRE, (vest'yur,) n. A garment— dress — garments in general — vestment VET-TU'RA, n. An Iti-Uan four-wheeled carriage. VET-TU-RI'NO, n. In Italy, one who carries travelers from one placfl fo another in a vettura. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PRKY.-ITNR, MAPJINE, BIRI>.r— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQI.?, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WOHDS. 219 VI'A, 71. L. A way ; via New Haven, by the way of New Haven. VI'BRA-TILE, (vi'bra-til,) a. Adapted to or used in vibratory motion. VICE'ROY, n. The governor of a kingdom or country, who rules with re- gal authority. Vl'DE, /-. See. Vl'CE VER'SA, L. Tlie terms or the case being reversed. VlC'IN-AGE, (vis'in-aje,) n. Neighborhood— the place adjoining or near. Vl-CIN'I-TY, (ve-sin'e-te,) n. Nearness in place — neigliborhood. VI-CIS'SI-TUDE, (ve-sis'se-tude,) n. Regular change or succession of ono tiling to another. "Vl-DEL'I-CET, adv. To wit— namely. An abbreviation for this word is viz. VI ET AR'MIS, L. In law, with force and arms ; words expressive of a trespass. VIG-NETTE' (vin-yet',) n. A name given to small engraved embeUlgh- ments, with which books and bank-notes are ornamented. VIN'DI-€A-TORY, a. Punitory— hiflicting punishment— tending to vitt- dicate. Vl'NOUS, a. Having the qualities of wine — pertaining to wine ; as, a vinous flavor. VI-O-LON-CEL'LO, (ve-o-lon-chel'lo or ve-o-lon-sel'Io,) n. It. A stringed instrument of music. Vl-0-LO'NE, (ve-o-lo'ne,) n. A large base violin, whose strings lie an octavo below the violoncello. VI'RILE, (vi'ril,) a. Pertaining to man— not puerile or femhiine; as, viiil© vigor. VIR'TUE, (vurt'yu,) n. Strength— moral goodneSs — excellence. VTR-TU-0'SO, n. It. A man skilled in the fine arts, particularly in music Vl'RUS, n. Contagious matter of an ulcer, pustule, &c. — poison. VIS ARD, (viz'ard,) n. A mask. VIS'-A-VIS', (viz'a-ve',) n. \_Fr, opposite, face to face.] A carriage. V^IS'CID, (vis'sid,) a. Glutinous — sticky — not readily separating — tenacious. TCNE, BULL, t[NITE.— AN"GEIi, VrCIOUS.-€ as K; 6 as J; S as Z; CH 33 SH ; Sn as in THIS. 220 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. VI-SE', Fr, Literally, seen — an indorsement made by the police officers in large towns of France on the back of a passport. VIS'OR, (viz'or,) n. A perforated part of a helmet— a maisk used to disfig- ure and disguise. Vr'TlATE, (visb'iite,) v. t. To injure the qualities of a thing — to render defective. VI'TIA-TED, (vish'a-ted,) pp. or a. Depraved — rendered impure and de- fective. V1"TIA-TING, (vish'a-ting,) ppr. Depraving — rendering of no validity- corrupting. VI"TI-A'TION, (vish-e-a'shun,) n. The act of vitiating — corruption — depra- vation. VITRI-OL, 71. A soluble sulphate of either of the metals. VI-TU-PER-A'TION, n. Blame— censure. Vit-VA'CE, (ve-vU'che,) In music, brisk and lively. VrVAT RES-PUB'LI-CA, (rez-pub'le-ka,) L. Long live the republic. VI' VA VO'CE, L. By word of mouth ; as, to vote viva voce. VltVE, (veev',) Fr. Long live — success to. Vive Je roi, long live the king. VIZ'IER, (viz'yer,) n. A councilor of state in the Turkish empire. VO-LEE', (vo-la',) n. [Fr. a flying.] A rapid flight of notes in music. VOL'Tit, (vol'te,) It. In music, turn over. VOL'TI-GEUR, (vol'te-zhur,) n. A light-horseman or dragoon. VOL'Ti StJ'Bl-TO, (vol'te su'be-to,) It. Turn over quickly. VOL'IJME, (vol'yum,) n. Primarily, a roll. In music, the compass of a voice from grave to acute — a book. VO •7-.UP'T^-A-Ry, (vo-\jpt'yu-a-ry,) n. A man addicted to luxury and sensual pleasures. VO-I^UP'TXI-OUS, (vo-lupt'yu-ous,) a. Given to the enjoyments of luxury and pleasure. VO-MI'TO, (vo-me'to,) n. Sp. The yellow-fever in its worst form, when it ii usually attended with the black vomit. FATE, FAR, FALL, WH^T.— METE, PREY.-PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 221 VO-RAC'I-TY, (voras'e-te,) n. Voraciousness — greediness of appetite. VOY'A-GEUR', (vwa'yii-zhur,) n. Fr. A traveler — the Canadian name of a class of men employed by the fur companies in transportin;; goods. VUL'PINE, (vul'pin,) a. Pertaining to the fox — crafty — cunning — artf,.!. VUL'TliRE, (vult'yur,) n. An accipitrine bird of the genus Vultur. THE LOUVRE, CONTINUED. The virtuoso, with his valet or valet de chambre car- rying a valise, a violoncello, and a visard or visor, ap- pears as though he had been afflicted with the varioloid. He was probably too venturesome, and neglected to procure vaccine matter, which possesses much virtue, and is valued as a preventive of the above disease. Vast and varied Avere the attainments of the noble viceroy, whose veracity was unquestioned, and who re- pelled the vituperation of a vitiated voluptuary, who considered himself vastly superior to the rest of man- kind. He was accustomed to vaunt of his own valor, but his voluptuousness, and other vitiating habits, the lack of virile vigor, and his partiality to vinous flavors, all tended to give him a variegated complexion, but, of course, would not enable him to vanquish his foes. In the vicinage or vicinity of the viceroy, the visitor will observe the statue of a Turkish vizier : a volume of laws is under his arm, and a singular vesture or drapery 19* 222 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. is thrown around him. It is said that he used to travel with great velocity in a vehicle which resembled a ve- locipede, and tliat his death was caused by the intro- duction of a virulent virus into his system. In a beautiful landscape, the Italian will readily rec- ognize the vatturino and vettura, and also the green verdure of his native country. Then follows the gigantic voltigeur, who, after much vaunting, was vanquished by his enemy. And also the versatile voyageur, who, after many vicissitudes, died of the vomito in the city of Mexico. Will the reader pronounce the following words, wz., variegate, vaudeville, vendue, veloce, venture, verbatim, verdigris, verger, vibratile, vide, videlicet, vignette, vin- dicatory, violone, vis-a-vis, viscid, vise, vitiate, vitiation, vitriol, vivace, viva voce, vive, vulpine, and vulture ? MISCELLAXKOUS WORDS, 223 W. WAFT, V. t. To bear through a fluid or buoyant medium— to buoy— to convey WAFT'ED, pp. Conveyed or borne through air or water. WAFT'ING, ppr. Borne through a buoyant medium. WAL'NUT, (wol'nut,) n. A tree and its fruit, of the genus Juglans. WAS'SAIL, (wos'sil,) n. A kind of liquor formci-ly used by English good- fellows. WA'TER-CEM'ENT, n. A cement made of a peculiar kind of limo, which haidens under water. \V£lR, (weer,) n. A dam in a river — a fence of stakes set in a stream for taking flsh. WIND'PIPE, n. The passage for the breath to and from the lungs. WIND'ROW, (wiu'ro,) n. A row of hay raked together for the purpose of being rolled into cocks or heaps. WIN'TER SOL'STICE, (sol'stis.) The solstice of the winter, which takei place when the sun enters Capricorn, December 21st. WtSE'A-CRE, (wTze'5-ker,) n. One who makes pretensions to great wis- dom — a simpleton — a dunce. WITHE, (with,) n. A willow twig— a band consisting of a twig, or twigs twisted. WOM'EN, (wim'en,) n. PL of woman. WOUND, (wound or woond,) n. A breach of the skin and flesh of an ani- mal — injury — hurt. WRATH, (rath,) n, "Violent anger— indignation. WRES'TLE, (res'I,) v. i. To strive— to struggle— to contend. FATE, FAR, FALL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BIRD.— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BpQK.- TONE, BULL, TJNITE.— AN" GER, Vr'CIOUS.— C as K; e as J ; S as Z; CH aB SH ; TH as in THIS. 224 MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. XAN'THrNE, (zan'lhin,) n. The yellow dyeing matter contained in madder. XE'IiE€, (ze'bek,) n. A small, three-masted vessel, used in the Mediterra- nean Sea. XE-RO'TES, (ze-ro'tez,) n. A dry habit or disposition, XIPH'I-AS, (zif 'e-as,) n. The sword-fish— a comet shaped like a sword-fish. Xt-LO-GRAPH'I€, (zl-Io-graf'ik,) a. Belonging to xylography, or wood engnaving. Xt-LOG'RA-PHY, (zMog'ra-fe,) n. Wood engi'aving— the act or art of cut- ting figui'es in wood. T. Y4CHT, (yot,) n. A light and elegantly furnished vessel, used either Ibf parties of pleasure or as a vessel of state. YACHTING, (yot'ing,) n. Sailing on pleasure excursions in a yacht. y-€LEP'ED, (e-klept',) pp. Called — named. It is obsolete, except in bui* lesque. YEA, (ye or yS,) adv. Yes— a word that expresses affirmation or assent. YEAR'LING, (yeer'ling) n. A young beast one year old. YES'TER-DAY, n. The day last past. YONK'ER, (yunk'er,) v. A young fellow. z. Z0-0-L06'I€-AL, a. Pertaining to zoology, or the science of animals. ZO-OI/O-GY, 71. That part of natural history which treats of animals. ZO'O-PHtTE, n. A general term, applied to polyps. ZO-OT'O-M Y, n. The anatomy of all animals. ZYG-0-MAT'l€, (zig-o-mat'ik,) a. Pertaining to a bone of the head. FATE, FAR,F4LL, WHAT.— METE, PREY.— PINE, MARINE, BOU).— NOTE, DOVE, MOVE, WQLF, BQQK. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 225 YACHTING. An English gentleman who was the owner of a beau- tiful yacht, took great pleasure in being wafted over tlie blue waves, accompanied by chosen friends possessing similar tastes for aquatic amusements. About the commencement of the winter solstice, he embarked in his favorite vessel, on a voyage to the Mediterranean. An individual who belonged to the party, and who was no wiseacre, was passionately fond of xylogi-aphy and xylographic designs. Another gentleman was quite partial to zootomy, the examination of zoophytes, zoology, and zoological books. As they were wafting on in their course, one of the party caught a xiphias or sword-fish, and after making a wound in its side, took out its windpipe for the pur- pose of making some experiments. The winds blew as though they were in great wrath, and seemed to wrestle with the billows over which their vessel continued to waft. On their re- turn from the Mediterranean, while a party in the cabin were enjoying their walnuts and wassail, they passed a xebec, which had willies about the masts that appeared to be colored by xanthine or some other substance. After an absence of about three months' dui-ation. 226 MISCELLANEOUS WOEDS, they arrived in their native land, safe from the perils of the sea. The following words are omitted in the above exer- cise, viz., water-cement, weir, windrow, women, xerotcs, ycleped, yea, yearling, yesterday, yonker, and zygf>- matic. Uses of Ikon. Iron vessels cross the ocean, Iron engines give them motion ; ]ron needles northward veering, Iron tillers vessels steering; Iron pipe our gas delivers, Iron bridges span our rivers ; Iron pens are used for Avriting, Iron ink our thoughts inditing; Iron stoves for cooking victuals. Iron ovens, pots, and kettles; Iron horses draw our loads, Iron rails compose our roads ; Iron anchors hold in sands, Iron bolts, and rods, and bands ; Iron houses, iron walls, Iron cannon, iron balls ; Iron axes, knives, and chains. Iron augurs, saws, and planes ; Iron lightning-rods on spires. Iron telegraphic wires ; Iron hammers, nails, and screwa^— « Iron every thing Ave use. MISCELLANEOUS. 227 MISCELLANEOUS. The pages which follow may be made the bases of many interesting and instructive lessons. The "suggestive questions" which follow each of the subjects, will give some idea of the manner iu which they may be treated. In all cases, the more prominent and difficult words should constitute exercises in spelling. MARINE JOURNAL. PORT OF NEW YORK, NOVEMBER 30. CLEARED. Slaps — R'lfna Choate, Rich., Havre, Hallet & Carman ; Lydia, Nichols, Gibraltar for orders, 11. Benner ; Senator, Walsh, Liver- pool, Trask & Dearborn ; J. H. Eyerson, Latham, London, J. & N. Smith & Co. Barks — Harriet Cann, (Br.,) Chipman, Gloucester, Edmiston Bros.; North Americsi, (Bremen,) Friedrichs, Bremen, Henry Koop ; Teresa, Foster, St. Thomas, &c., iSIaitland, Phelps & Co, Brigs — SauUiree, (Sj^an..) Lopez, St. Jago de Cuba, J. W. & L. Eseoriaza; Jordan, (Br.,) Kobson, Londonderrv, Craig & Nicol. Schooners — J. Lawrence, Botstbrd, Port "Louis, Wakenaan, Dimon & Co. ; Lady Mulgrave, (Br.,) Hartigan, Port-au-Prince, A. Smithers & Co.; H. Putnam, (Br.,) Eobbins, Barbadoes, D. Starr; Youth, Wyinan, Cardenas, T. ^liddleton. Steamer — Beverly, Pierce, Philadelphia. Steamship Ocean Queen, (U. S. transport,) Seabury, Port Roj-al Nov. 27., at 1.30 p. m., to C. Vanderbilt. Has five hospital nursea on board. Ship D. 1., Choate, (of Boston,) Currier, Dublin, Oct. 3, in bal- last, to D. L. Choate. Was up to George's Banks, Nov. 3 ; ex- perienced heavy N. W. gales most of the time since. Nov. 17, hit. 8 4:44, lou. 67 51, spoke brig Waa. Larabee, from Portland, for Havana, 4 days out. 228 MARINE JOURNAL. Bark I^yncroer, (Nor.,) Hendricksen, Bristol, 40 days, in ballast to order. " IsTov. i-i, lat. 40 53, Ion. 66 58, saw a fore-and-aft schr. painted black ; all spars and riggincr standing; and mainsail set, vvhioli was blown into ribbons ; saw no one on board. Ship Canvass Back, (!larke, Canton, July 20, Angier, Aug. 26. t,i;as, &i;., to Wilmerding & Co. Oct. 26, lat. 2 35, S.. Ion. 32 15, spoke f-iiip Thos. IIarward(of Bath,) from London for I'iio Janeiro ; Nov. It), lat. 27 43, Ion. 71 ; spoke bark Kate Lincoln, from Matan- zas for Turk's Island; 21st, lat. 34 50, Ion. 73, spoke brig G. Ar- nas, fr«m Boston for Cardenas, and bark Lapwing (of Baltimore,) Kelly, 35 days from Eio Janeiro for Baltimore : 2Gth, lat. 35 ul, Ion. 73, near the Gulf Stream, exchanged signals with ship Flora McDonald. Ship Eo^er A. Ileim, Stewart, Liverpool, Oct. 30, mdse. to J. & N. Smith 6:. Co. Experienced heavy weather; was 14 days W. of the Banks. Nov. 16, 1st, lat. 44, Ion. 40, fell in with the brig Lucy (Fr., of Bordeaux,) from Sien'a Leone for Marseilles, with loss of rudder, boats and bulwarks, and four feet of water in the hold took oti the captain, mate, and six men ; there being a heavy sea on, they saved nothing but what they stood in. Brig "North Point, Sniith, Kio Janeiro, Oct. 9, in ballast to S. & C. S. Johnson. Oct. 26, in a tornado, lost foretopsail and mainsail, blowing all the rest of the sail sets to pieces, and sustained other damage ; 27th, bore away for St. Thomas to procure sails and run- ning rigging, but could not reach there on account of the westerly winds prevailing ; Nov. 13, lat. 28 16, Ion. 62 34, blew to pieces tho remaining topsail; 16tli, lat. 33 21, Ion. 61, lost mainsail from the second reef to the galf ; blew two jibs and foretopraast staysail tc pieces ; since passing lat. 28, have had very severe gales and bad weather ; was driven as far east as George's Shoal : 23d, lat. 34 03, Ion. 67, boarded brig J. West, (of Bangor,) llordison, from Machias for Jacmel, 4 days out, wlio very kindly supplied us with canvass, twine^ oil, &c. " Nov. 25, lat. 38, Ion. 68 44, spoke brig Margaret, of Yarmouth, N. S. ; 27th, lat. 40 28, Ion. 68 09, ex- changed signals with bark D. Godfrey (of Boston,) Hall, for West Coast of Africa. Brig St. Agnes, (Br., of Halifax.) Mills, Cardenas 21 days, mo- lasses to J. F. Whitney & Co. Experienced heavy weather on the passage, and on Nov. 16, sprung a leak, and compelled to throw overboard deck load and stove a number of hhds. in the hold \n order to lighten her. Brig Harriet Dobing, (Br., of Hartlepool,) Boreing, Bordeaux, 60 days, in ballast to order. No date, otf Nantucket, boarded the wreck of schr. Congress (of Searsport, Me.,) waterlogged, and abandoned. Ship Henry Harbeck, True, Calcutta, Aug. 12, Sand Heads 15th with saltpetre, &c., to Harbeck & Co. Has been ten days on tne coast, with heavy N. E. gales and calms. Oct. 19, lat. 34 80 S., Ion. 16 27 E., signalized ship Southern Eagle, (of Boston,) from Eangoon for Falmouth, 65 days out; 4th"inst., lat. 27 53, Ion. 66 51, spoke Br. brig B. Smith, from Bermu itt for Turka Islands. MARINE JOURNAL. 229 Ship Shakspeare, (Brem,) Fechter, Bremen, 50 days, in ballasl, to C. Liiling. Put in for repairs. Bark St. Bernliard, (Brem,) Deitjen, Havre, SI days, in ballastj to C. Liding. Is'ov. i!4j lat. 4G, Ion. 20 25, spoke sliip Europu, ot and from Bremen for ]S ew York. Bark Melody, (Br., of Guernsey,) Laine, Rio Janeiro, 53 days, with eotfee, to" Aymar & Co. lith inst., olf Hatteras, passed a fleet of U. S. gun-boats bound S. Bark Fleetwing, (Br., of St. Johns, N. ¥.,) Tucker, Ceras, Bra- zil ; JN'ov. 17, with eotfee, to Green & Curry. VIA aUA RANTING. Ship Washington Irving, Gorham, Liveipool, Sthult. TELEGRAPHED. Brig Sea Bird, from Philadelphia. Signals fur 1 bark and 3 brigs. The telegraph reports a bark gone to the north shore. 17th — Steamship Columbia, Havana; ships J. L. Hale, San Franeisco; Thornton, Liverpool; Orpheus, (Brem.,) Antwerp; Br. barks, Charlotte, Falmouth; Mdrgaret, Gloucester; Colum- bine, and Euglisliman, C^ueenstown ; Gulilem, London ; Golden Eagle, Cork; Brus. bark lleros, do.; brigs Gezusters, (Swe.,) Amsterdam; Lucy Heywood, Cadiz; Albert, (Br.,) Guadaloupe; Charles, Gouaives ; Spartan, (Br.,) Matauzas ; S. Peters, Keme- dios ; sehrs. Kate Field, Constantinople ; Golden Fleece, Savanna- la-iler; Hound, (Br.,) Bermuda; Vv. 11. Cleare, (Br.,) Nassau, N. P. Wmd at sunset, W. S. W. MISCELLANEOUS. Ship Ina Eussell, before reported ashore at Brigantine Beach, has been hove off, and lies 10 miles off shore with a fixed light. A Bteam-tug has been sent to tow her up to this city. Ship Zmgara, Newbegiu, left Hong Kong, Sept. 12, for Shang- hai, and at noon of the same day had a light breeze from the north- ward, with fine weather; at 3 P. M., got struck by a heavy squall, splitting fore and mizen topgallant sails and main sails ; at 4 P. M., increasing gale, double reefed the topsails, furled the jib and crossjack, Pedi'e Banco bearing east, six miles ; at 5 P. M., barom- eter falling rapidly, and the wind still increasing, with heavy rainy squalls, when in the act of close reefing the topsails all three top- sails and the foresail blew to pieces, also the inner jib; 6 P. M., bent another main topsail, and hove tlie ship to under a close reefed main topsail, heading to the S. E. ; at 8 P. M., blowing a tremend- 20 230 MARINli JOURNAL. ous heavy gale with a very heavy sea running, barometer 29 62; at 10 P. M., the wind shifted suddenly to the is. E., ship laboring and strainhig Jicavily ; at midnight siiipped a very heavy sea, wliicli carried away starljoard quarter boat and shilted the cargo, causing the ship to'heave about live streaks of a list to starboard ; at daylight Lema in siglit, about two miles distant, wore ship and made sail in order to get the ship otf a lee shore; at 8 A. M.. Weather moi-e moderate with thick fog and rain, wind S. S. E., and finding the sliip drifting in sliore bore up for Hong Kong, to repair damages ; lost a great quantity of running rigging during the gale. Tlie Z., arrived at Hong Ivong, Sept. 14, and remained there Oct. 14. Birk Villafranca, Hill, at Boston from Palermo, reports 5th inst., lat. 28 2'J, Ion. 6'J, saw tlie wreck of a sclir. witJi mainmast gone, full of water and abandoned ; painted black with yellow stripes. Brig Angeline Avery, from Boston lor jSIartinique, with box shooks, went ashore at 2 A. M; 4th inst., on Nicholas Shoal Keef, about :^9 miles W. of Spagua, and bilged. Schr. El Dorado, Hopkins, of rrovineetownj from New York for Boston, got ashore on Wood End, Cape Cod, m the heavy blow of 16th inst., but came oti' next day and probably put into Province- town. Guernsey, Nov. SO. — American schr. Marshall, Nelson, from New York for Havre, with wheat and Hour, is stranded W. of this island, and is under water. Holyhead, Nov. 28. — The Hamilton Gray, Young, from Liver- pool for New York, has put'in here with sails split. WHALEMEN. Arr. at St. Helena, Sept. 9, bark Washington, Babeock, S. H.^ took provisions and sld. again ; luth, Mattapoisett, Gitibrd, W. F, — took an 8U bbl. sp. wh. otf the port and sld. Arr. at Anjier, Sept. 2tj, J. H. L»uvall, Tribble, of Provincetown, on a cruise. The rirst officer (Mr. Fisher,) of bark Stephania. Witherell, re- poits her at sea, Aug. 23, lat. 34 55 S.,lou. 155 67 E., with 225 sp. o75 wh. — 200 since leaving Monganui. Spoken— Nov. 14, lat. 17 )H) S., Ion. 34 20, bark Mary Thompson, (late Woodward,) from Pernambuco, on a cridse. SPOKEN, ETC. Ship Polynesia, Morse, hence Aug. 30, for San Francisco, Oct. 11, lat. 14 S.J Ion. 29. Sliip Highlander, Sherman, from Calcutta for London, Sept. 29, lat. -Si S.,Iou. 52 E. SuooESTivE Questions. — Where is St. Helena? What ia Sperm OiH Wliere is Angier ^ Whai meant bv " on a cruise?" Point out upon the map about where the Bark Mary Thompson, wan spoken] MARINE JOURNAL. 231 Ship Essex, from Eangoon for Falmouth, Oct. 25, Lit. 41 49, Ion. 30 30. Ship Seaflo-n'er, Taylor, from Greenock, Sept. 7, for Hong K:ng, Oct. 13, lat. 6 N., Ion. 24 W. FOREIGN PORTS. Antwekp, Nov. 28.— Sid. Garnet, Bradford, N. York. Alexandria, E., Nov. 12. — Arr. N. Stetson, Phinnev, Cardiff. In ])ort 17tli, Warednlc, Cornins:, for England, Idg'. ; Kollitig Wave, Collins, and N. Stetson, Phinnev, for Falmouth, E., do. ; Forest Belle, Percival, and Hannah Secor, Brooks, for Marseilles, do. Al.goa Bay, C. G. H., Sept. 22.— Arr. Art Union, Tibbctts, Bos- ton, (and nld. Oct. 1, for Calcutta.) Amoy, Sept. 2'i. — Arr. bark Kale Hastings, Kingman, New- chwang. Sid. Sept. 27, the Miletus, McDonald, N. York. Bristol, Nov. 2. — Arr. John Plenry Carver, Odessa, via. Fal- mouth ; St. Helena, Springer, St. Johii, N. B. Sid. from the Pill. 2>jtli, Senator, Harden, Coquimbo. Bordeaux, Nov. 2;^. — Sid. .John Howe, Kelton, California ; 26th, S. W. Pike, Lovell, N. York. Barcelona, Nov. 22. — Sid. Conqugror, Boutelle, Gibraltar. Batavia, Sept. 2^. — Arr. Wild Rover, CrowoU, Jilelbourne. In port Oct. 13, bark Pliilomela, Elhns, for Sourabaya, to load for Persian Gulf and back for 2"), 000 Horins. Bangkok, Sept. 2S. — In port ship Herbert, Crocker, for Hong Kong. Cardiff, Nov. 27. — Arr. Missouri, Calhoun, Gloucester. Sid. 28th, Clara L. Preble, Maxwell, St. Paul de Loando ; Jenny Lind, Larrabee, Genoa. Constantinople, Nov. 16. — Arr. D. B. Sexton, Eenter, Venice and sld. for(Gulatz.) Dublin, Nov. 26. — Arr. Ocean Wave, Winslow, N. York. Falmouth, Nov. 27. — Arr. Cora, Plum, N. York. FoocHow, Oct. 12. — In port ships Harriet and Jessie, Deshon, or Shanghae. AMERICAN PORTS. Boston, Dec. 17.' — Br. steamship Enropa, Anderson, Liverpool, via Qncenstown and Halifax, arr. up at 4 P. M. ; ship John Ji. Dimmock, Ilarwood, N. York; bark Viliafranca. Hill, Palermo; brigs Celcstiiia, Fickettj Elizabethport: Emily, Smith, Eondout ; sclirs. Jolin H. Allen, Ketchum ; J. V. Wellingtoa, CLipman,and Geortre Byron, Lowell, Philadelphia; Francis Newton, Ludlum ; Castilian, Belatty ; Lamartine, Grant; Orion, Hunt, and Yandalia, Small, Elizabetliport; Telegraphed bark Ionic, from Maiauzas ; Bchr. Hanover, from Miragoane. Signal for a bark. 18th — Arr. (by tel.,) ship Undaunted, N. York; barks Surinam, Surinam ; Wyman, do. ; John Gilpin, Loanda ; Eobt. Pennell, hence for Fayal, put back leaking ; tjrigs Orlando, Port-au-Prince • 232 MARINE JOURNAL Eockin^ham, Miraffoane ; Eade, St. Martins ; H. G. Berry, Cettc *, sclirs. Hanovci And Fearless, Miragoane. BooTHBAT, Dec. IS.^Arr. bark Harriet, Brown, Belfast for MatanzftS ; brigs N. Stowers, Stowers, Bangor for Port Royal; J. W. Woodrsff, Eobinson, St. John, N. B., for Philadelphia. Eastport, Dec. 4. — Arr. schr. Amy Wooster, Wooster, Philaael- phia, (and cid. for St. John, N. B.) Cld. 9th, ship Tara, Jameson, (fiom St. John, N. B.,) Liverpool. Ellswoktu, Dec. 9. — Arr. schr. Superior, Moore, N. York. Cld. 7th, brig Baltic, Hooper, Matanzas. Fall Rivek, Dec. 17. — Arr. schr. Thos. Borden, Wri^htington, Philadelphia. Sid. schrs. Richard Borden, Arnold, and Cornelia, Mackey, Elizabethport. New Eedford, Dec. 16. — Sid. schr. Wm. H. Howe, Harris, Philadelpliia. Cld. 17th, bark (late ship) Omega (of Sydney; N. S. W., late of Fairhaven,) Grueber, Melbourne. Newport, Dec. 16. — Arr. schrs. Benjamin S. Wright, Brown, and Leading Breeze, Freeman, Boston for Tangier Sound, Va. ; Wm. H. Rowe, Harris, N. Bedford for Philadelphia ; S. Nelson Hall, Paddock, Elizabethport for Somerset. New London, Dec. 16. — Arr. brig Eugene A. Eeed, Crane, Turks Island for Hartford; schr. Cliarles Carroll, Pratt, Phila- delphia. Philadelphia, Dec. 17. — Arr. brig Mary Means, Wilson, New York; schrs. R. P. King, Leeds, and Fly, Cheesman, New York; J. S. Lane, Seward, N. Haven; H. A. "Weeks, Godfrey; Eagle, Newell ; Monteveu, Falkinbiirg, N. York ; Wm. Loper, Robinson, East Greenwich ; Excelsior, Riley ; E. H. Shannon, Marts ; Lewis Mulford, Doyle, Boston ; Jas. llouse, Sprague, Baltimore ; Ino Crowell, Providence ; Mary Ella, Talpey, Portsmouth. Portland, Dec. 16. — Arr. steamer Chesapeake, Crowell, New York. Arr. 14th, brig E. S. Hassell, Hassell, Cardenas. Cld. 16th, Br. ship lona, Glasgow. Portsmouth, Dec. 15. — Arr. schr. Pern, Thorndike, N. York. Provinoetown, Dec. 17. — in port brig Emma, from Philadel- phia for Boston, and six schs. Suggestive Questions on the Preceding. — What is a Marine Journal ? What is the object of reporting all the particulars as given in such a Journal? Where is Havre? Gibraltar? What is the difference between a bark and a ship ? What is tlie difference between a schooner and a brig? What the meaning of U. S. transport? Where is Canton and what would a ship be likely to bring as freight from Canton ? Where are Georges' Banks ? Where is Eio Janerio, and what may our vessels procure there as freight? What meant by phrase "in ballast?" What meant by phrase " in ballast to order?" What meant by " e-xchan^d sig- nals ?" What meant by "cleared?" What meant by Via Quarantine? What is the difference between a " foreign " clear- ance and a "coastwise" clearance? Point out upon the map, about the course of a ship from Boston to San Francisco. From New York to Canton. From Now Orleans to Liverpool. REVIKVV OF THE MARKETS. 233 (Carefully reported for the N. Y. Tribune.) RETIE'W OF THE MARKETS. Wednesday, Dec. 13. 13G1. ASIIE8— The demand is fair and tlie market steady at $5 51; J for Fots^ and So 50 for Pearls. COTTON — Tile marliet is witlioiit essential change to-day, the ft.reign news' having no perceptible effect upon prices ; tlie Bales embrace about 900 bales ; \vc quote at o7c. for Middling Uplands. COFFEE — There has been rather more inquiry for Rio, and prices .ire again higlier and very firm ; the advance is about ic. ; Bides of 1,(500 bags at ISlc. for good finr quality. Other kinds .arc quiet, and mostly held out of the market. Quotations are merely nominal. COAL — The demand for domestic has been quite active, and firices are firm at $4 @ $5 ^ ton from y.ard. The receipts have been iberal for the season. In foreign, the following sales have been effected : UO tons Gas Cannel at $(i 3S @ .«;6 50 ; 218 tons Liver- pool Steam and L'OO tons Liverpool Cannel on private terms. FLOUR AND MEAL— The inquiry for Western Canal Flour is less active, and the market is 5c. ^ bbl. lower, with only a lim- ited demand at the concession. The large arrivals, the difficulty of disposing of exchange, and the withdrawal of IJritish orders, cause much depression ; the sales include 9,300 bbls. at $5 30 @ $.') 45 lor superfine State .and Western ; $5 (55 @ 5 70 for extra State ; $5 75 @ |5 85 for fancy do. ; $5 75 @ 5 85 for the low grades of Western extra; |5 90 @ ".$(5 for extra Round Hoop Ohio, and $6 @ §(5 50 for trade brands do. Canadian Hour is more plenty, and is dull and lower ; the s.ales are 350 bbls. at $5 35 @ $5 45 for superfine, and $5 65 @ $$0 50 for extras. Southern flour is quiet and easier; sales of 970 bbls. at $5 70 @ $6 20 for mixed to good superfine Baltimore, &c., and S'J SO @ *7 20 for trade brands. Ryo Flour is steady, and in limited request ; sales of 150 bbls. at $3 15 @ §4 40 for superfine and extra. Buckwheat Flour is quiet at $1 70 @ $2 ^ lOotb, the latter rate for choice. Corn Meal is in lim- ited request, but is steady, with moderate sales of Jersey at $3 10, and Brundywine at $3 30. FRUIT— There has been a very fixir demand for Raisins within the last few diiys, and prices are steady; sales of 5,000 pkgs. M.alagH at $3 40"@.$3 45 for Layers, and $3 25 for Bunch; other kinds are quiet ; sales at auction of 400 bo.xes Palermo Lemons at $2 60 (ft ^4. FlSlf- -Dry Cod are in little supply, and are firm .it $— @ |3 75, as to quality. Mackerel are in better supply, and are less active; E rices tlierofore are not quite so firm. Pickled IleiTing are quiet, moked Herring are less active, but rather firmer at 21 @ 23c. for Scaled, and 12 @ 13c. for No. 1. GRAIN— The Wheat market is less active and 1 @ 2c. ^ bush 20* 234 revip:w of the markets. lower, owinf^ to the rapid advance in freights and the diiBculty in selling exchanee ; the sales include 18,700 bush. Chicago Spring nt §1 23 @ $1 27 ; 36,400 bnsh. Milwaukee Club at §1 2'J '@ $1 SI : 2,"00 bush. Canada Club at $1 32 ; 19,300 bush. Amber Iowa ami Green Bav at $1 S3 @ §1 35, tlie latter rate for very handsome Green Bay ; 25,800 bu.sh. Eed Western at ^1 38 @ '^l 41 ; 5,700 bush. Amber State at 81 40; 12,200 bush. Amber Western at $1 42 i 4/.00 bush. White Ohio and Indiana at SI 47, and 3,100' bush. White Michigan at $1 50. Barley is quiet but steady : sales of 3,200 bush, at 70 @ 77c. for Canada East, and 77c. for good State. Barley Malt is inactive at 80 @ 90c. Oats a'-e in fair .sup- ply and lower ; sales of some 18,600 bush, at 42 @ 43c. for Accomao County, Va., being the first arrival from the reclaimed territory; 43 @ 43ic. for Western and Canadian, and 435(5,44c. for State. Kye is in limited demand and lower ; sales of 3,700 bush. Jersey at 82 @ 83e. afloat. Corn is 1 @ 2c. ^ bush, lower, with a moderate inquiry mainly confined to that in store; sales of-llG, 000 bush, at 6Gc. for Eastern Mixed; 60 @67c. for shipping do., and 67c. for old Yellow Virginia weevily. HIDES — The market continues quiet, and we notice no mate- rial alteration in prices ; we quote Buenos Ayres at 22 @ 23c. ; Eio Grande at 21 @ 21 ic. ; and Oronoco at 20 @ 20ic. The stock ou hand is 292,000, against 163,000 same time last year. HOPS — The market is rather quiet, the demand being confined chiefly to the wants of brewers since the receipt of the startling European news ; sales of 100 bales new at 16 @ 22c. for ordinary lo prime quality. IRON— Scotch pig has been in lively demand at $20 50 @ §22, cash, ex ship, and from yard, but at the close most holders are in- different sellers, unless at a material advance. American Pig' haa also been in good request at §18 60 (a) 20, cash, now lield higlier. English Sheet is scarce, and firm at 4 @ 6c. for .singles, doubles and triples, cash. LEAD — The market is less active, but the supply of all kinds is light, and prices are firm at 87 for Spanish and German ; small sales Oi' Galena at $7 25. Bar is inactive at 7c., but Sheet and Pipe are in fair request at 8c. , cash. LEATHER — The market is quiet, though Hemlock Sole has been in a shade better request. We quote Oak Sole, liirlit to heavy, at 26 @ 28c. ; Middle do., 27 @ 30c. Hemlock Sole'liglit ; Heavy and Middle, 17^ @ 22c. MOLASSES^The market is quiet and we have no important sales to advise. Prices are maintained. NAVAL STORES have lapsed into a quiet state, and we have but to note sales of 50bl)ls. Spirits Turpentine, at $1 40, cash. Tai has; advanced to $10 for Wilmington. OILS--Linseed is in moderate request, and prices are quite un- settled • sales I'rom Crushers' hands at 81 @ 83c. ha casks, and 84 @ 8Cc. in bbl. Other kinds are quiet, but firm. OIL-CAKE is in fair demand, but the transactions are limited on account of the sm.ill stock. The only sales that we can get intelligence from aj-a 2,5 tons Jitate in bags' at $16, <3a«h. liEVlEW OF THE MARKETS. 235 OATMEAL continuea in moderate request at previous rates; ealvrt of oOO bags JStatu for home use at §1 60 (ft; ^1 65^ luulb., catili. I'KOVISIONS-^Pork is in fair demand and the market is steady ; Balc-s of 1,150 bbls. at $12 o7 (rt; «l-i 75 for Mces, §3 STs (g; i'J tor Prime, and §13 @ §14 for Prime ilesa— the hitter for city. Beef i3 in fair request and is tiriu ; sales of 2ijG bbls. at §11 5U @ §12 for Thiiu Mess, and §13 60 (g §14 for Extra. Beef Hams are steady and in moderate demand ; sales of 150 bbls. at §14 75 @ 15. Bueon is in fair request and prices are steady ; sales of 770 bbl. at tii (£§ Tic. for Western, and 7 @ Sc. for City^ part to arrive. Dressed are plenty and in good demand at 4§ @4-ie_. for Western, and 4t (rti4ic. for City Dressed. Lard was dull and "heavy early in the day, but subsequently a better inquiry prevailed and the market closed firmer for lots on the spot ; sales of yoo bbls. and tee. at ti (gi '.'|C. Butter is in fair demand and is firm at 16 @ Isc. for fair to good State ; 18 @ 22c. fsr good to prime do. ; 15 (a> 17e. for Western Ke- ecrve Ohio : I2i @ loe. for Middle and Southern do. ; and 15 (g. Hie. for KoU. Cheese is fairly active at 7 (tig 6c, fOr State, and 6 (a; 6^c. for Ohio. EICL— There has been a fair demand for India, and the market is from i (rtj ic. higher. We hear of sales of 2,000 bags Java cleaned at bi (^ 6ic., aud 50 tcs. Carolina at 7 @ 7ic. SUGAivS— The business to-d.ay has been moderate, but pricea are very firm ; some holders have taken their samples from the market; sales of oOU hlids., mainly Cuba, at 71 («; bJc.^ aud ^63 boxes Havana on private terms. Kefined are firm at lu* ^ loic. jbr crushed, powdered and granulated. SPICES — i'he market for all kinds is very quiet, but prices are buoyant. We hear of no sales. SALTPETER— The market has been excited under the bellig- erent news from Europe, and sales of some 3,200 bags have beeit made at 15 @ loC, closing firmly at the latter rate. JSitrate of Soda has been in good demand, aud prices have advanced, closing with an upward tendency ; sales of 1,300 bags at Sic, now held at 6c. SALT — Livei-pool ground is in better request, and prices are firmer in consequence of tiie warlike news froni Evlrope ; sales of 3,70U sacks in the ship Thaluba (jilst arrived) at about S)(.ic; the receipts during the past week of bulk .Salt, both from Europe aud the West Indies, have been quite liberal, and the latter have declined, but there appears to be less depression at the close. SHOT are steady and in fair request at 8e. for Drop ; Sic. for Buck, anil 'Jc. tor Bullets, net cash. SPELTEli has been in fair demand, and prices have advanced to 5tC., cash for foreign, closing with an upward tendency. SEEDS — The marivct for c-lovcr seed is dull, and very httio doing, at Tic. ^ bush,. Timothy seed is steady, with sales of lit- tle note. Linseed is held with great firmness, most of the stock having been drawn fiom tiie market, hclders are now asking $2 85 @ $2 60 ^ bush, American lioug i Flax is scarce and 236 MONETARY AS FAIRS. Vanted at improved ro.tes ; sales of 500 bush. State at $1 75 Ciisli. TALLOW— "'The demand is modefate, and the market is some- what heavy; sales of 20,0001b at tii @ 9fc., cash, the inside rate for prime Western. WHISKEY is in fair demand, and the market ia steady ; sales of isOO bbla., at 20i @ liOic. WOOL — A good demand has prevailed both for domestic and foreign descriptions, and the latter are held with increa.ied firm- liess at the close, owing to the warlike news from England ; tho Inarket for all kinds is very lirm indeed, and the stock of low and medium fine grades is inadequate to the wants of the trade. High prices are anticipated should war arise between this country and England. The sales include 2r,0,000Ib Native Fleece at 46 @ 52c. ; 5:i,000lb Pulled at 48c. ; 150,00l>tb California at 28 @ 35c. 7,0uulb Mexican at 22c, ; 3,000 do. Washed African at 32c. ; 55 bales Sjianish un washed at SOe. ; 6,000lb Peruvian at 25c. ; 150 bales East India Unwashed coniinon at 25c., cash and 6 months' interest added; 20,00oK) in Montevideo. 2U,UO0tb Mexican, 60,uOutb Smyrna Washed, 150 bales unwashed Smyrna, 38 do. Meniza and Cordova, and 80 bales Donskoi on private terms, SuGOESTiVE Questions."^ What is meant by a review of the market? Wliat market is referred to in the preceding? ^4«Ae«— W^hat is meant by "pots" and '■'■^leark^^ How are they prepared ? Kanic some of the purposes for which ashes are used ? For what are common wood ashes valuable ? What is meant by "demand is fair" and "market steady?" Cottoii. — Wliat is cotton i Where and how does it grow ? Eof what used? What is meant by "the market is without essential change V W'hat has " foreign news" to do with the price of cot* ton i What is meant by " nuddling uplands ?" Coffee — Is cottee an animal, mineral, or vegetable production ?— Where obtalnetl ?— Name the different kinds. For what is cotfee Used i What is meant by "prices are very firm?" What by " other kinds are quiet ?" Why held out of the " market ?" What ia meant by " quotations merely nominal ?" MONETARY AFFAIRS, Boston, Dec. 21, 1861. Stocks Were steady yesterday with a fair amount of business at the .Board. The war fever has considerably subsided and a feel- ing of confidenco is perceptible. Govoiument stocks and State securities were steady, with no change in quotations. New Hampshire Sixes were in demand at lOOs. Manufacturing shares were firm. The Hamilton Company and ' MONETARY AFFAIRS. 237 Appleton Company have declared dividends of 6 per cent. : 975, dividend off, waa bid for Appleton ; 110 was bid for Chicopee ; Salisbury advanced to 140. Kailroad shares were steady with limited transactions. 107i was bid for Maine. 108 for Worcester, 102i for Old Colony ; East- ern declined to 55, perhaps on a supposition that the January div- idend will be passed ; 52 was bid for Coucoixl ; 114 was bid for Western, 1074 for Providence; Wilmington was firm at 3ii| ; Met- ropolitan was steady at 50 ; Middlesex declined to Doi ; Lynn at par. Copper stocks were tii'm at better prices. Isle Eoyal rallied to ri, closing at t)i bid ; Quincy was firm at 31 bid; 20i was bid for Pewabic, 1;')^ for Franklin; National was in demand at 30 ; 5(5i was bid for Minnesota, 144 for Rockland ; Central advanced to 5i- bid ; Copper Falls was in demand at 4 ; 24 was bid for Hancock, 42 for Pittsburg, 14 for Superior, 14 for Toltec. Vermont Central first Bonds advanced to 12, closing in demand ; 81 was bid for Eutland firsts. Bank stocks were inactive. Howard sold at 95, closing in de- mand ; no change in quotations for others. Dividends. — The Hamilton Manufacturing Company and the Appleton Company, both of Lowell, have declared a dividend of 6 per cent, each, payable Monday, Dec. 23d, to holders of stock 19th inst. The Old Colony and Fall River Railroad Company have de- clared a dividend of $3 per share, payable Jan. 1, to holders of stock, Dec. 20. The Salisbury (woolen) Mills pay a semi-annual dividend of 10 per cent, on Jan. 1. New York, Dec. 10. Stocks opened much lower but closed firmer at a decline. Chicago and Kock Island 46i. Illinois Scrip 56? : Michigan Southern guarantci^d 36f . New York Central Railroad 76 ; Reading Railroad 31i; Hudson Railroad 34} ; Canton Company 9 J ; Missouri Si.xes 37 ; Erie Rail- road 2<',J ; Galena and Chicago Railroad 674 ; Cleveland, Colum- bus and Cincinnati Railroad 100 ; Cleveland and Toledo Railroad 2H ; Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad 52. Michigan Central Railroad 434 ; Ilarlem Railroad 104 ; Pacific Mail Steamship Company 80 ; Panama Railroad 108 ; Norwich Railroad 35- Tennessee Sixes 404; California Sevens 8oi ; Fede- ral Coupon Fives-of 1874, 80; Registered Sixes of 1881, 87. New York Stock and Money Market, Dec. 16 — Second Board. Stocks higher with more doing. Chicago and Rock Island Rail- road 464 ;" Cleveland and Toledo Railroad 294; Galena and Clii- cago Railroad 68J ; Panama Railroad 1U"<4; Harlem Railroad Iti; Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad 100; Erie Rail- road preferred 48; ^rie Railroad 264; New York Central Kail-' road H)i ; Michigan Soutlftrn 17 ; Michigan Central Railroad 44 ; Pacific Mail Steamship Company 82 ; Virginia Sixes 46 ; Missouri Sixes 38; U. S. Fives 1865, 86'4; U. S. Sixes of 1881, 904. New York Weekly Bank Statement, Dec. 16. — Decrease lu loans, §^2, 146. 251; decrease in specie, $2,883,132; decrease in cir- culation, $235,966 ; decreaie in deposits, $4,239,242. 238 Suggestive Questions. — What is meant by " Monetary affairs ?" What meant by " stocks ?" What meant by " at the board ?" "Government stocks and state securities?" "New Hampshire sixes?" " Munnfticturing shares were firm?" Wliat meant by "dividend?" AVhat ly "dividend off?" What by "dividend ■will be passed?" What by "steady with limited transactions ?" What meant by " copper stocks?" What by " Isle Eoyale rallied to9i?" Where is "Isle Koyale?" What do we call a dealer in Btoeks ? What meant by the terms " bear " and " bull " as applied to some brokers ? What meant by "par value?" etc. From Akaeia, — Aloes, coffee, dates, drugs, frankincense, gwm arable, myrrh. " Asiatic Islands, — Camphor, cloves, coffee, ginger, nutmegs, pepper, &c. " AusTisALiA,— Gold, hides, tallow, wool. " Barbary States, — Fruit, gums, hides, leather, ostrich feathers, wax. " Balize, ok British Honduras, — Cochineal, cocoa-nuts, ma- hogany, and other hard woods, sarsaparilla, tortoise shell. " Bahama Isladns, — Coffee, cotton, dye-woods, mahogany, fruits, turtles. " Belgium, — Flax, grain, hops, laces, woolens, &c. " Brazil, — Coffee, cotton, diamonds, dye-woods, gold, sugar, tobacco, wheat. " British AMERicAy— Fish, flour, fnrs, lumber. " Cape Colony, — Brandy, hides, ostrich feathers, tallow, wine. " Chili, — Copper, cotton, fruits, gold, hemp, hides, silver, sugar, wheat, wool. " China, — Articles of ivory and pearl, nankeens, porcelain, teas, silks. " Denmark, — Beef, butter, cattle, cheese, grain, horses, pork. " Eastern and Western Africa, and Egypt, — Cotton, fruits, grain, indigo, linseed, ivory, gold, rice, sugar, ostrich feathers. " Ecuador,- — Coffee, cotton, fruits, indigo. " France, — Brandy, cotton, linens, porcelains, silks, toys, wine, woolens. " Formosa, — Camphor, rice, sugar. " Germany, — Grains, linens, and various articles of silver, copper, &c. " Great Britain, — Cottons, hardware, linens, porcelain, woolens, &c. " Greenland,— Seal-skins, oil, and whalebone. " Guatemala, — Cocoa, indigo, logwood, mahogany. •* Guiana, — Coffee cotton, fi-uits," sugar, &o. EXPORTS. 239 From HiNDOSTAN, — Coffeo, cotton, indigo, opium, perfumes, rice, silks, sugar. •' Holland,— Butter, cheese, fine linens, woolens, and various manufactures. " India, — Cardamon seeds, cotton, gums, ivory, raw silk, timber. " Ireland, — Barlej, beef, butter, hides, linen, potatoes, tallow. " Italy, — Fruits, grain, oil, silks, wines. " Japan, — Cotton and silk goods, Japan-wai'e, porcelain. " Loo Cnoo Islands,— Sulphur, salt. " Mexico, — Cochineal, dye-woods, fruits, gold, hides, silver. " Madeira and Canary Islands, — Fruits and wine. " New Granada,— Coft'ee, cocoa, cotton, fruits, indigo, sugar " Persia, — Carpets, cotton, gum, opium, rice, rhubarb, saf- fron, silks, shawls, wine. " Peru, — Bullion, cotton, chinchilla skins, fruits, gold, mercury, peruviau bark, silver, sugar, vicuna. " EussiA, — Furs, grain, hemp, iron, linen, tallow, timber, platina. " Sandwich Islands, — Coffee, sugar, whalebone, whale oil. " Society Islands, — Arrow root, cocoa-nut oil, pearl-shells, sugar. " Spain and Portugal, — Fruits, oil, salt, silks, wine, wool. " Sweden and»Norwav, — Copper, nsh, iron, steel, timber. " Switzerland, — Cotton and silk goods, lace, linen, jewelry, paper, watches, &c. " Turkey, — Carpets, cotton, grain, fruits, muslins, oil, swords, wine. •' United States, — Beef, cotton, coals, corn, fruits, fish, lumber, flour, pitch, rice, pork, lead, lime, salt, woolens, &c. " West India Islands,— Coffee, cotton, copper ore, fruits, indigo, molasses, rum, spice, sugar, wax. " Yucatan, — Dye-woods, hides, mahogany. Suggestive Questions.— What are "Exports?" " Imports 1" Where is Arabia? What are aloes, and for what used* How does coffee grow ? What varieties can you name? What arc some of its qualities? What are dates ? Frankincense? Gum Arabic? Irom the list of exports which are animal productions? Which vegetable? Which mineral? Which are used as food? Which are esteemed for medicinal qualities? Which are valued for manufacturing purposes ? Name some articles made of ivory ? Name souie of the different kinds of teas? Name some articles of hardware ? etc. etc. PRODUCTIONS OF THE EARTH, AND THE COUNTRIES IN WmCII THEY ARE OBTAINED. Agnte. Ceylon, Germany, Hindostan Siberia, Sicily. Alabaster. Italy, Spain. Almonds. Barbary, Portugal, Spain Syria. AInes. Arabia, Barbacloes, Cape Col ony, Melinda, Socotra. Anther. Greenland, Prussia, Siberia Sicily. Amfllii/sl. Brazil, Ceylon, Siberia. Aivhnvi/. Shores of the Baltic and Med iterranean Seas. Anise-Seed. China, Spain. Apples, etc. Most temperate coutitries. Arroic-Root. East and West Indies, S America, S. Sea Islands. Asaf'etida. Beloochistan, Hiudostan Persia. Bamhoo. Within the Tropics. Banana. Tropical America, East In dies, Polynesia. Barilla. Sicily. Spain, Teneriffe. Barley. Australia, British America, U. States. Black-Lead (Plumbago). In north of England. Bristles. France, Germany. Russia. Bread-Fruit. East Iniliss," Polynesia. Bitckicheat. Nurth Temperate Zone. Camels' Sair. Asia Minor, Egypt, Per- sia. CninpJinr. Borneo, China, Sumatra. Castor-Oil. Tropical countries. Canidrlume (India- Rubber). Brazil, E. Indies, Madagascar. Cinnamon. Ceylon. Cochin China. Citron. Madeira Isles, Polynesia. Cloves. Moluccas or Spice Islands. Corjl. Australia, Borneo, Burmah, France, Germany, Great Britain, In- dia, North America. Ac. Cochineal. Mexico, Teneriffe, W. In- dies. Cocoa. S. America, W. Indies. Coroa-JVuts. .Africa, Brazil, Ceylon, Polynesia, Siam. Copper. Australia, Chili, England, Japan, U. States. Coral. Mediterranean Sea, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, &c. Cork. Barbary States, France, Italy, Portugal, Spain. Cotton. Africa, Asia, U. States. Currants. Greece, Ionian Isles. Dates. Arabia, Barbary, Egypt, Per- sia. Diamond'!. Borneo, Brazil, India. Eltiiny. (Jeylon, Madagascar, Mauritius. Eider Down. Greeulaud, Iceland, Nor- way. E.neralds. Pern. Figs. Africa. France, Greece, Italy, Spain, Turkey. Flax. Australia, Belginra, Egypt, France, Holland, Ireland, New Zea- land, Prussia, Russia, Spain, United States. Fare. British and Russian America, Russia, U. Stales. Fustic. S. America, U. States, W. In- dies. Gall -Nats. Asia Minor, Calcutta, Per- sia. Syria. Gamhoqe. Ceylon, Cochin China, Siam. Garnets. Ceylon, Greenland, India, Ginger. East and West Indies, Sierra Leone. Ginseng. North America. Gold. Africa, N. and S. America, Aus- tralia, Austria, Borneo. Celebes, India, Mexico, Siberia, Sumatra. Grindstones. France, England, Nova Scotia, Scotland. Sweden, U. States. Gu'ino. Islands of Pacific, and on coasti) of Africa, S. America, Ac. Gum Arabic. Arabia and many parts of .\frica. Gum Lac. Farther India. Gutta- Percha. Borneo, Malacca, Sin- gapore. Gt/psum. Europe, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia. Hemp. Brazil, Egypt, Great Britain, Italy, N. America, Philippine Islands, Russia. Indigo. East and West Indies, Guinea. PRODUCTIOKS OF THE EARTH. 241 Ipfraeiinttha. Braeil. Iron. Kurnpc, U. States, and various parts of the woild. lainghiss. Russia. Jvnrj/. Africa, E. Indies. Jatiip. Mexico. Lead. Germany, Great Britain, Siberia, Spain, U. States. Leerhe.i. America, Europe, India. Lemons. Azores, Persia, Syria, West Indies. Licorice. Ronthern Rnrope. Lngirood. Central .\merica, W. Indies. ilnre. East and West Indies. Mdhnqany. Central America, W. In- dies. JUnize. Africa, America, Australia, Southern Europe. Mauna. Sicily. Uerciiry. Austria, CaliforDia, Pern, Spain. Millet. Africa, Germany, India, Poland. Mohair. Asia Minor. Molassen. Louisiana, Mauritius, West Indies. Morocco. Barbary States, Belgiuui, Spain. Mask. Eastern Asia. Nulinegs. Borneo, Moluccas, Sumatra. Ou<.v. Norway, N. America, Russia, Scotland. Sweden, and chiefly between latitude 88 and (iO degrees. Olires. Africa, Brazil. France, Greece, Italy, Ionian Isles, Spain. Opal. East Indies, HunKary. Opium. India, Persia, Turkey. Oranges, etc. .Most tropical countries. Palm Oil. Brazil, Hindostan, Western Africa. Pearls. Algiers, Ceylon, Oceanica. Pepper. Ea.st and West Indies, French Cluiiina. Peiurian BarJt. Bolivia, Peru. Pine-Apples. Hindostan, Me.tico, Poly- nesia, W. Indies, and tropical coun- tries. Plntina. Asiatic Russia, S. .iraerica. Pomegranates. Asia, Persia, Sruthem Europe, W. Indies. Pdlash. British America, Russia, U. States. Prunes. France. P umice-SUmc. Island of I/ipari. Raisins, Asia Minor, Ital.v, Spain. Rattans. M;ilacca, East Indies Rice. Africa, China, East Indies, In- dia, Italy, Japan, U. States, W. In- dies. Roseicood. Brazil, Canary Isles, Siam. Ruhy, Burniah. Sago. The East Indies. Saltpetre. Egypt, India, Italy. Sapphire, Burmah, Bohemia, France, Saxony. Sarsaparilla, South America, West Indies. Sentui. Arabia, Central Africa, Egypt. Silver. .■Vsiatic Russia, Bolivia, t'liili, Himgary, Mexico, Peru, Saxony, Spain, Slate. Asia, Europe, United States. Sponge. Mediterrauean and Red Seas. Sugar-Cane. Tropical America, Brazil, Canary Isles, E. and W. Indies, Poly- nesia, Sicilj-. Sulphur. Iceland, Sicily. Tamarinds. Arabia, Egypt, E. and W. Indies. Tar. Northern Europe, U. States. Tapioca. South America, W. Indies. Tea. Anam, Burmah, China, Japan. Tobacco. America, Asia, Australia, France, Prussia, Turkey. Topaz. Egypt, India, Mexico, Siberia, S. America. Tortni.ie-Shell. E. and W. Indies. Vanilla. 'Brazil, Mexico. IV7i«i(. In most parts of the temperate zones. Tains. Australia, S. America, W. In- dies. Zinc. Belgium, Prussia. Suggestive Questions. — Which of the above are mineral produc- tions I which vegetable? which animal? Name those whose iisa is principally for ornamental purposes? AVhich are valuable for building purposes? Which are used in the manufactures? Wliich are valuable for food ? Which have medical properties'? Name some purpose for which alabaster is used? amber ^ copper? iro.ij* 242 LATIN PREFIXES. LATIN PREFIXES. A, AB, ABs, from or away : as avert, to turn from; aSsolve, to free from ; aistain, to hold or keep from.. An," to ; as a<;?vert, to turn to ; aclvdrh, (a part of speech added) to a verb. Note. — For the snke of euphony, the finiil letter of n preposition in com- position iisuiilly nssnmes the form of tlie initial letter of the woril to which it is prefixed. Thus ad hecomes ac, ns in nccede ; ak, ns in n/llx: ao, bs in Degression ; ai., ns in allude ; an, ns in ntuioiinre ; ap, as in api>\y ; ar, m in arrogate; as, as in nssent ; and at, as in attract. Amb or Ambi, about or around ; as ambient, going round or about, (See t]ie Greek Prefix AmpJd.) Ante, before ; as anteccAent, going before. (See the Greeic Prefix Anti.) Bis, bi, two ; as Jj'sect, to cut or divide into two ; it'ped, a tico- footed animal. CiRCUM, cincu, about or around; as wVcawjacent, lying around ^ circuXwic, to carry round. Cis, on this mde ; as cisalpine, on tJiis side the Alps. Con, 'With or tog ether ; as cofldole, to grieve ivith ; concourse, & flocking together. Note. — For the sake of euphony, con becomes co, as in coheir; coo, as in connate ; col,, as in co/lect ; com, as in compress ; and coR, as in cor respond. Contra, against ; as contradict, to speak against, or to the contrary. Contra sometimes takes the form of Counter, as in counter- act, to act or work against. "De, down, from, of, or conce7-ning ; as (f«scend, to come down,' deduct, to take from/ de-part, to part/>om/ c.?«scribe, to write of or concerning. Dis, r>i, asunder, apart, or separated from,, (and hence its negative force) not ; as disjoin, i^Mmember, rfwplease. E, EX, out of, beyond; as «mit, to send out; eject, to cast out of; «irtend, to stretch out; exclude, to shut out of; exceed, to go beyond. Note. — In composition, EX is changed into EC, as in eccentric; ef, as in efface; and el, as in ellipse. Extra, out, beyond; as cx^mordinary, beyond ordinary. In ■wheii prefixed to verbs, signifies in or into, on or upon, againsp ; as inject, to cast in or into; iwcident, fulling on or tipon ; i/icite to stir up against. But when In is prefixed to NOUNS, ADJECTIVES, CKT ADVERBS, it means not or contrary to; fts fwjustice, wifirm, iMglorieusly. GREEK PREFIXES. 243 Note. — For the snke of eiipliony, IN in composition usually assumes the form of tlie initial letttr of tlie word to wliicli it ia prefixed ; a? in ignoble, Ignorance, zVlegul, iYluminate, iwmortal, e'miirison, iVregulur, i;fuiliate. Inter, hetween ; as intervene, to come between. Intuo, to within/ as introdwcc, to lend to within. JcxTA, ni(/k to /• as Juxiaposhion, position nigh to. Ob, in the way of, against ; as oivious, obstacle, oijcct, (to cast or urge against.) Note. — In composition, OB is changed into oc, as in occur; of, as in of fer ; and op, as in oy/press. Per, through, thoroughly, or completely; as joe/Tado, to go throvgh ; perfect, thoroughly made, or complete. Post, after ; as^w^iscript, written after. Pn^, before ; an/'/'ecede, to go before ; ji)?vdict, to foreieW. Preter, beyond oy paiostiite, one who stands from or abandons liis profession or party ; apology, a word or discourse from-, nn excuse or justifi- cation. Before an aspirated vowel, Aj)0 becomes aph ; as in q/j/telion and fl/>/(aeresis. Auto, s«/// as a^ioj^rapli, self-wntten (as "an autograph letter from the Queen^' ;) a^/tobiograpliy, a biography or history of one's self. Cata, down : as mteract, a vivXexfaU. Dix^i through )• as <^(amcter, a line passinff through the middle; (^/agonal, a line passing through a parallelogram from oiiu an- gle to the opposite ; t/ialogue, a discourse (passing from one side to the other) between two. Ek, 'EX, from or ovt of ; as eclectic, selected /"rom/ ecstasy (stand- ing out of,) transport or rapture. En (em,) t«, or o» / as g/?demic, in or among the, people; empha- sis, force or stress laid on a word or words in pronunciation. E^i, vpon, on, over, to ; as e»fdemic, vpon the people, or very pre- valent ; e/H'loguc, a word or speech vpon, or inimediatcly'aiter, the play ; e;j«stlc, a writing sent to, a letter. Htpek, above; as hijperQx\\Aei\], over critical. Hypo, under ; as hypocrite, one who keeps under or conceals his real sentiments ; hi/phen, a mark used to bring two words or syllables under or into one. Meta, beyond ; as metaifivox, a carrying of, or applying, a word beyond its proper meaning. Paka, beside, from ; as paragraph, a writing beside ; para\\e\ beside one another ; /?amsol, keeping the sun from ; para~ dox, from or contrary to the general opinion ; a seeming con- tradiction, but true in fact. Peri, round about/ as periTphery. (Compare the derivation of CIUCUMFERKNOE. ) Stn, with or together with; as in synthesis, a placing together; synod, a going together, a convention. NoTK. — In rompnsiton, syn becomes sv, q5 in jy«tcm ; syl, as in spU lable ; and sYM, us in sympathy. ENGLISH OR SAXON PREFIXES. A, at, to, or on ; as afield, that is, at or to the field ; afoot, on foot ; aboard, on board ; ashore, on shore. Be has usually an intensive signification, as Jewail, Jeapread, Aeliold, i(^sprinlde. In because, before, oeside, and a few other words, it is another form of by. En, em, in or into ; as ehrol, embalm ; also, to make, as in enable, enlarge, eni)>-Av\\. tv;' power. FoK, 7iegative or /ir/mi/ire ; Ai^ forbid, to bid not or prohibit, /br- get, not to g,:/ ur have in recollection. FoEE, before ; na foresee, forev,aira,fortmost,for\\'&rd. AFFIXES Oil TERMINATIONS. 245 Im fof iNj to make ; as imhittm; impair (to make worse,) mpover- isli, t/wprove (to make proqf qf,] to make better. Mis, not, iCnncf or error ; as mkli[kii, wwconduct. Out, beyond, ^upcrioriti/ ,• as our'live, e(/^riiii. Ov£B, above, beyond ; us ot'e^'cliarge, ot'crreaeli. Uk, not, like the Latin in ; as (//<;», agaimt, as ww!Adraw, wei!/ihold, MJt^fetaad. AFFIXES OR TER.MIXATIOXS. [It IS impossible in every cnse to nscerlnin the exnct force, or even the fene ral import, of an atfix or terminntion. Several of lliem seem to huveriitferent, and even cunlrndictory nieimings, and in some ca^es they npiieiir tn be merely paragngtt, that is, tliey lengthen the y/ord, without adding to the nicnning. TcftclKTs shonid recollect this, iind not rco,uire their pupils to iis?ign a nmuning lo every affix wliich occurs.) Able, ible, ble, or ile, implies having ahiUlij or power to do wl>at the word to wliieh it is att-ached signifies; as porta^^e, lit or cble to be carried; defensive, that which can, or is able to be defended; doc?7e, able or fit to be tanglit; ducte'^«, that which may be, or is fit to be led, or drawn out. AcEOLSj having the qualities of, consisting of, resembling ; as herDaceows, testac'«o«s, crnstaccows. Act, implies doing, or the tiling done ; also, state or condition ; as conspiracy, legacy, celiba(?y, prelacy. Age, loit, denote the .act of doing; the thing done; state or con- dition; as carria(/, loi'd- ship, t'Mowship, fr'nindship. Some, denotes some of, or in some degree ; as trouble«07?i.e, yenture- Bome, quurrel,s"o;»e, handsome. TiDE, denotes time or uvont ; as noontide, Whitsun^iti*", I USE OF APPROPRIATE PREPOSITIONS, 24'i TuDE, ITT, or TY, implies being or state of being ; as gratitude, mnkitude^ t'ortitude; ability, adverstiy/ novelty, anxiei!^, honesty, liberily. Ward, means tvirned or in the direction of; as toward {turned to,) i'orward, (foi'ew urd,) bat^kward. Uee, implies doiug or being ; state or condition; as nianufact?. A.C. (Ante Christum.) Before Christ. A cot. Acconnt. A.D. (Anno Domini.) In the year of our Lord. Adi Adjutant A dm. Ailmiral. Adiiir. .Admiuistrator. ^t. {JStaii-s.) Aged. Alaliama. Alderman. Altitude. ..... (Artium MaaUter.) Master of Arts. (^Ante Meridiem,.) Before noon. (Anno Mundi.) In the year of the world. Aint Amount Anonymous. April. Arkan.sas. Attorney. A tt.C. (Anno UrhiK Condita.) In the year from the building of the city, i. e... Rome. Aug. August. Al Aid Alt A.M Anon Ai)r. Ark. Attv. Bart Bill BC. BI). BL. B.M. Baronet. Barrel. Before Christ Baihelor of Divinity. Barlielor of Laws. Bachelor of Medicine. Bp. Bishop. Brisr. Brisradier. Bush. Bushel. B.V. (Beata Virgo.) Blessed Virgin. Cor Cent (Centum,.) A hundred. C.ip. (Caput.) Chapter; Capital. Capt Captain. Cash. Cashier. C.E. Canada East; Civil Engineer. Ch. Church. Cliron. Chronicles. C.J. Chief Justice. CI. Clerk. Co. Company. Col. Colonel ; Colossians. Coll. Collese. Com. Commissioner; Commodore; Committee. Con. (Contra.) Against Conn, or Ct Connecticut. Const Constable. Cor. Corinthians. C.P.S. (Cmtos Privati Sigilli.) Keeper of the Privy Seal. Cr. Credit: Creditor. C.S. (Gustos Sigilli.) Keeper of the Seal. Cts. Cents. C.W. Canada "West Cwt. Hundred weight D. or d. (Denarius.) A penny. Dan. Daniel. DC. District of Columbia. D.D. (^Divinitatis Doctor.) Doctor of Divinity. Dea. Deacon. Dec. December. Deft Defendant Deg. Degree. 250 ABnRKVIATIONS. Del. Dflla-sTHre. Den. Deniii.irk. Dept. Deiiartiiieiit: Dt'put}'. Dent. Di'HtpniiKimy. D.6. {Dei Gratia^) By tlie grace ofGo.l. Dist. District. Div. Dividend. Dn. Ditto ; The same. Dolls. «'• .$. Dollars. Doz. Dozen. D.P. Doctor in Philosopliy. Dr. Debtor; Doctor. D.V. (Deo volente.) God willing. Dwt. Pennyweiglit. E. Eiist Ef?cl. Eccle.siastes. Ed. Edition : Editor. E.E. Errors Excepted. E.G. o/'e.^. {Exempli gratia) For eiannple. E.I. Ea.st Indies. E X.E. East-northenst Enj;. En-rland; Eii-lish. Ep.' Epistle. Eph. Ephesians. E.S.E. Ea.st-southeast Esq. Esquire. Et al. (Etnlia.) And others. Y.\c. (Etccetera.) And so forth. Ex. Exainfilc; E.'cception; Exodus. Eve. Excellency. Exr. Executor. E/.ek. Ezekiel. Eahr. Fahrenheil:, Feb. Felirnary. Fein. Feminine. Fi?. Fifrnre. Fir. Firkin. Fl. or Flor. Florida. Fr. France. F.R.S. Fellow of IhoEoyal S->ciety. f'.S.A. Fellow of the Society of Arts. Ft. Feet; Fort Ga. Georda. G>il Galatians. Gall. Gallon. G.B. Great Britain. Gen. Gene.-st.'ert. liom. Eoman.s. E.E. Eailroad. Et, Eigh!. Et. Hon. Eislit Honorable. Et. Eev. Eight Eevereud. S. South : Shillins. S.A. South America. Sam. Samuel. SO. South Carolina; Supreme Court. Sc. oz-Soulp. {Sciilpsit.) Engraved. Sclir. Si-'liooner. Scil. or SS. (Scilicet.) To wit; Namelv. S.E. Southeast Sec. Secretary. Srct. Section. Sen. Senator; Senior. Sept. September. Serg. Sergeant. Servt. Servant. Cing. Singular. Sol. Solomon, bq. Square. St. Saint; Street. Supt. Superintendent. Surg. Surgeon. S.W. Southwest. Tenn.' Tennessee. Tox. Te.vas. Tlieo. Theodore. Theol. Tlieolosy. 'I'liess. Thessalonians. Thos. Thomas. Tim. Timothy. Tr. Transpose; Translation. U.C. Tipper Canada. Ult. ( Ultimo.) The last. U.S. United States. U.S. A. United Slates of America. U.S.N. United States Navy. V. (Vide.) See; Verse. Va. Virginia. Viz. ( Videlicet.) Namely ; To wii Vol. Volume. V.P. Vice-President. V.E. ( Victoria liegina.) Queen Victoria. Vs. ( Versus.) Against. Vt. Vermout. "W. West. Weii. Wodnesday. W.I. West Indies. Wis. Wisconsin. Wm. William. Wt. Weight. Xmas. Christmas. Xn. Christian. Y. Tear. Yd. Yard. Yrs. Yours, &c. And so forth. SUGGESTIVE SENTENCES. Wm. IT. Wells, A. M., called to see me at 9 o'clock, A. M., Aug. 4thi Ci.pt. W. Bidwell resides in Brooklyn, N. Y. The vessel sailed on the .5th inst. I this day received your letter of the 25th ult. I will call and see you on the 4th pros., D. V. The mnn bought 4 cwt. of sugar, at 9 ots. per lb. £^J PKOOF MARKS. Ir is well for all to have some knowledge of the mode of correcting: proof. The following will give some insight , into the siilyect. ay TnoTJGii a variety of opinions exist as to the indi- Tidual by w^[om the art of j^rinting was first dis- ^ covered; yet all authorities concur in admitting ^afid Peter Schoeffer to be the person who invented cast metal types, having learned the art of <.vf cuttmg the j Q letters from the Guttenibergsj he is also supposed to 4^ have been the first whoengraved on copper^ plates. /./ f-y The following testimony is preseved in the family, v_^ by Jo, Fred. Faustus, of Ascheflfenburg : n > ' Peter SchoeflTer, of Gernsheim, perceiving his (^,'^ah, \V master Fausts design, and (^himself' being ) ardently >dh he soon / after performed, \ y^ no ^ f But there were many difliiration in Arithmetic has ref- erence to the unit 1. 'Vhe -whole subject is treated with ref^;renc»j to this fact. The work differs essentially from the one which I preceded it. It i», indeed, a new fkvolopmeiit of the subject, an^j is confidently eorameuded to the notice of teachers, ELEMEiVl'H Of WRITTKX AKfTHLUKriC, This is a new work,] designed A.S .i^raHi:-jjsr"t.5oTv^ of Arithmetic by Practical Examples, , . vrofully selei'tr-t -' ' \ graded. It .t-rnbraiies the five fun.damen-> tal rules, roinmoja and lUviuial I'^aotions, and Denominate J Number?. PRAfTICAI. »R-T.\"5.TIC. This work is a carefully revised and improved edition, oi viic New School A,ritlimetjc. Many changes wen- fouu I ntx~'.j:Tvry, in the old work, to bring it into harmony with Ibc other parts of the New Series. It was, therefore, deamed best to remodel it, and to give to it a nev^ name — that it might, not ' i> ci'-nfounded with previous editions, and that it might shav; '»-. \ho tpauy improvompnts wl\ich hwe been introduced into thi; >