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The Eastern Terminus
September B d I88S.
Compliments or the
vGit^of St.. Pay i, Minn.
EDWARD W. NOLAN
GRAND OPENING
OF THE-
Northern Pacific Railway.
CELEBRATION AT
ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA
The Eastern Terminus.
SEPTEMBER 3rd, 1883.
ISSUED BY ORDER OF THE CITY OF ST. PAUL.
Compiled by J. H. HANSON.
BROWN & TREACY,
Book Publishers and Printers,
ST. PAUL.
,^ v
</-/.
j EDWARD W
THE!
NOLAJV
Knrthspn FsEifin Rminfeii
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
p
13
USI
rjess,
'HE last half of the nineteenth century will always stand forth in history
as remarkable for the conception and completion of mighty projects,
but, of the gigantic feats of engineering and financiering, none excel
in magnitude and importance the building of the great Northern
Pacific Railway, uniting St. Paul, Minnesota, the northern metrop-
olis on the Mississippi River, with the great northern cities on the Pacific
coast, and making her the gateway to the Pacific and the depot and entrepot
of a commerce continental in its proportions.
After thirteen years of struggle and perplexity the great work is
achieved, and an immense area of the most valuable of the public domain is
summoned to add its quota to the national wealth and to the prosperity of the
republic. _ We will not rehearse here the well-known history of the undertak-
ing, but will briefly state its present position. In 1881 the presidency of the
road was with Hon. Frederic Billings, the office in the interval, after the resig-
nation of president Smith, having been filled successively by Gen. Cass, of New
York, and Charles B. Wright, of Philadelphia. By a first mortgage loan the
entire line was equipped and money raised for its completion. The credit of
the road was fully restored in 1881 when president Yillard added to his control
of the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company the purchase of the Northern
Pacific by the aid of what was known as the "blind pool," a syndicate of
American and German capitalists who saw the importance of allying the great
transcontinental railway to the navigation lines of Puget Sound and the
Pacific. To perfect the reunion the Oregon and Transcontinental Company was
organized as a credit and trust company, to which was given a majority of the
stock of the Northern Pacific and the Oregon Railway and Navigation Com-
pany. The Oregon and Transcontinental also has a lease of the Oregon and
California Railroad, and is building branch and feeder lines of road to the
Northern Pacific. With the able lieutenancy of Vice President Thomas F.
Oakes, the new administration finished the construction of the road during
the years 1881-2-3, with such energy and impetus that the advancing lines
met "in August of the latter year at a point fifty miles west of Helena, now Known
to the history and geography of the future as Gold Creek.
v In 1878, upon the opening of the road from Sauk Rapids to St. Paul, the
directors of the Northern Pacific entered into an arrangement with the trust ees
of the mortgages made upon this line by the St. Paul and Pacific Railroad
Company, and trains in that year began to be run over this shortened route to
St. Paul," instead of by the St. Paul and Duluth road. St. Paul thus became the
4 THE NOR THERN PA CIFIC RAILROAD.
eastern terminus of the road and gradually the center from which the entire
road was operated. The terminal properties of the Northern Pacific at St. Paul
and Portland are owned jointly by the Oregon Railway and Navigation Corn-
pan}', the Northern Pacific and the Oregon and Transcontinental, the former
companies each owning 40 per cent, of the stock of the terminal companies
and the latter company 20 per cent. In St. Paul, the terminal grounds of the
company embrace 400 acres, valued at over $1,000,000. On a tract of thirty
acres convenient to the various roads centering in St. Paul, a Union Passenger
Depot will be built at an estimated cost of $800,000, and with a capacity five
times that of the present Union Depot. The shops of the road will be erected
on an 180-acre tract a little out of the present center of the city, at a cost of
$l,500,0u0. A still larger purchase recently made, embracing 220 acres near
Lake Como, will be devoted to freight yards and the industries depending
upon the best shipping facilities, such as packing houses, elevators, stockyards,
etc. These several improvements in St. Paul involve the expenditure in St.
Paul of upwards of $5,000,000.
The Northern Pacific also has a one-fifth interest in the Minnesota Trans-
fer Freight and Stock Yards, situated about five miles from the business center
of St. Paul. Here the Northern Pacific, Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul, the
Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha, the St. Paul, Minneapolis &
Manitoba, and the Minneapolis & St. Louis Railroads, have established a
clearing house for the vast amount of through freight passing over these roads.
The advantage to the Northern Pacific of this transfer will be more apparent
as the tide of traffic from China and Japan and the Pacific coast finds its way
to the Atlantic seaboard over the northern route. The Oregon Railway and
Navigation Company, with thirty-two large fine steamships collecting and
depositing at the wharfs of the Northern Pacific on the Columbia River and
Puget Sound line, produce of the Pacific coast Avill soon pour upon the eastern
terminus a volume of freight that will tax present terminal facilities to their
utmost capacity.
The Northern Pacific Company has also in St. Paul a general office building
which in elegance, solidity and practical appointments is not surpassed in the
United States. It is located on Broadway and faces up Fourth street, a most
sightly and eligible situation. The building is very massive, four stories in
height above a high basement, and, in point of architectural beauty, it is
extremely attractive. It was recently completed at a cost of over $200,000,
and was designed by Mr. Bradford L. Gilbert the company's architect in New
York. It is probable that the president and vice-president will soon remove
here from their present quarters in New York, thus centralizing all branches
of the government of the road in St. Paul.
e/icross frjc V^or)lir)cr)f^
fHE completion of the Northern Pacific was celebrated as no other work
in this century has been. The triumph of a Roman Emperor would
pale in magnificence before the honors paid President Vil.'ard and his
guests from Europe, and all part's of the United States. The ceiebra-
* tion began with the first arrival from England and Germany of the
honored gentlemen and ladies, whom Mr. Villard invited to be his guests from
the time of their departure on the other side of the Atlantic until their
return. During the last week in August these guests were feted in New York,
and several excursions to points in and about the metropolis were arranged
with every regard for their convenience and entertainment. The whole
6 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
number of guests, some three hundred, were welcomed to the hospitalities of
Mr. Villard's special trains of palace cars, and the journey out from New York
was made under the most delightful auspices. Every comfort and luxury
available in modern railroading was supplied. A table d'hote that would
be the despair of a Delmonico, was sustained throughout the whole journey
across the continent and returning. Not a single experience of pleasure
known to American palace car traveling was withheld.
At the various cities en route, the guest trains were given enthusiastic
receptions and ovations. Chicago entered most heartily upon the hospitalities
due the occasion; and Mr. Villard and his guests were shown the myriad
sights of growth and enterprise in a western metropolis with a degree of
attention that kings and princes might have been proud of.
ARRIVAL OF THE GUESTS IN ST. PAUL.
According to the official time table issued by the Northern Pacific Co., the
guests from Germany were to arrive in St. Paul on Saturday, September 1st,
and a committee consisting of Messrs. Gustav Willius, G. Benz, G. Bohn,
W. von Deyn, R. "W. Eltzner, M. Holl, Fred Harrsen, Arnold Kalman, C. H.
Lienau, W. P. Murray, A. Oppenheim, Geo. Keis, Albert Scheffer and C.
Stahlmann, were dispatched to Chicago to meet these distinguished gentlemen,
who were accompanied by President Villard.
THE GERMAN GUESTS.
Gen. vonXylander, memberof the German bundesrath, and military plenipotentiary of Bavaria
ax the court of Berlin; Mrs. von Xylander, sister of Mr. Villard.
Col. Emil von Xylander, commander First Bavarian cavalry brigade.
Hon. Carl Schiuz, ex-Secretary of the Interior, New York.
Ex-Gov. Edward Solomon, Gustav Schwab, Fred Kechne, Dr. Jacoby, New York.
Adolphus Meyer, St. Louis.
Dr. Louis Borchardt of Manchester, England.
Consul Raschdan, German consul at New York.
Dr. von Mohl ; German consul at Cincinnati.
Ex- Gov. Koerner of Illinois.
R. C. Hilgard, Belleville, 111.
Baron von Eisendecher. German minister at Washington and Mrs. von Eisendecher.
Count Lippe Weisendfeldt, charge d'affaires of Austria and Hungary.
IJdo Brachvogel, New York.
Edward Koelle, consul from Karlsruhe.
Dr. Teigel, consul general, New York.
Senator Charles de Chapeaurouge, official representative of the city of Luxemburg.
Senator Dr. Albert Groening, official representative of the city of Bremen.
Dr. Max. Weber, official representative of the city of Berlin.
Privy Counselor Dr. Von der Leyen.
Prof. R. Zittel, rector of the university of Munich.
Dr. A. W. Hofmann, professor of chemistry, University of Berlin.
Baron George von Bunser, LL. D., member of the German reichstag.
Prof. Dr. Greist, memberof the reichstag, a famous German jurist and parliamentarian.
G. Siemens, LL. D., director of the Deutsche Bank, Berlin.
Dr. Paul Lindeu, a famous author.
Dr. Edward Lasker, a leader of the Liberal party in Germany.
Imperial German Consul General Dr. Fei^el of New York city.
Dr. von Schauss, director South German Real Estate bank, Munich.
Hon. Rudolph Schleiden, LL. D., ex-minister.
Hon. Theodore Spaeth, counselor, etc.
Dr. Adam Eisenlohr of Heidelberg
Adolph Froelich, Esa., from Zweibrucken.
Lieut. Pertz of the royal guards.
Otto Braunfels, Esq., banker, Frankfort-on- the- Main.
Dr. Oswaldt, Darmstadt.
Dr. Wolfskehl, Berlin.
Hermann Kreismann, Esq., ex-consul-general of the United States.
Herman Marcuse, Esq., banker.
Hon. Earnest Magnus, LL. D., assessor royal German government service.
Dr. William Mohr, editor Cologne Gazette.
Nicholas Mohr, proprietor Weser Zeitung, Bremen.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Dr. Richard Oberlaender, correspondent, Frankfort Gazette.
Hern.ann Eose, Esq., director-general, Germania Life Insurance company, Eerlin.
Otto Puis, Esq., svndicus of the Chamber of Commer, e, Fran kfort-on-t he- Main.
Prof. Dr. von Hoist, privy counselor, author of the Constitutional History of the United States.
Theodore Fritsch, Esq., Stetting.
L. Delbrueck, Esq., Berlirt.
Conrad Dielitz, Esq., Berlin, an artist, who will paint the scene when the last spike is driven.
Richard Goerdeler, Esq., general agent Northern Pacific railroad, Berlin.
AMO*S T G THEIK GERMAN FRIENDS.
The special train bringing the above named guests, escorted by Mr.
Villard and the St. Paul committee, arrived at the Union depot, at 10 o clock,
on the morning of Saturday, September 1st, by the Northwestern and Omaha
lines, "The Roval Route." . ^
As the train moved into the station these visitors, accompanied by Mr.
Villard in person, were cordially welcomed by numerous German-born citizens
of St. Paul amid the strains of martial music. Mayor O'Brien and others of
the citizens' committee were present, and contributed their share of the
hearty welcome extended to the illustrious visitors. Very little time was
spent in formalities as the stay in St. Paul was necessarily limited. Carriages
were in waiting, and the guests w T ere shown to them by their hosts, and driven
through the principal streets and suburbs of the city. Wonder and admiration
w r ere expressed by one and all at the extent, magnificence and solidity of the
city; and when, in reply to their questions, they were told that St. Paul was a
"49-er" their wonder was expressed anew. Through Third street and up the
hill to Summit avenue and its environs, and thence across town to University
avenue and Dayton's bluff, the retinue proceeded. Extensive views of the
Mississippi were had at various points of vantage; and the admiration, as
expressed by the spectators, was at once sincere and hearty. At half past 12
the guests were escorted to "Magee's," where, in the spacious banqueting hall
a delicious repast, which, from soup to fruit, has never been excelled in St. Paul,
was served. The choicest vintages of wines were abundantly bestowed, and
the feast was heartily enjoved. Pending the serving of the dinner, Mr. Albert
Wolff, editor-in-chief of Die Volkszeitung , delivered the following address of
welcome:
Our honored guests from Germany, it is my pleasant task, to welcome. German words of
greeting shall resound here too in the center of the North American Continent, here too, in the
far off land of Minnesota !
Minnesota! In song and legend still may be found the lovely idyl of the virgin wilds. But it
is the immense workshop of a young civilization which you now have entered. The structures
you behold must appear to you as new. They are, the eldest having been begun but a few decades
ago. Of the accomplished you witness much; more, infinitely more of the unfinished and the
forthcoming.
But now, above the chaos, the sun of triumph is rising. Now, after a hard and sometimes un-
certain struggle, the joyous shout of victory is heard. It brings the tidings: "The Northern Road
to the Pacific Ocean is completed. Open from sea to sea is the grand thoroughfare of culture in
the North of the Western World."
Open to the plough, to the trade, to commerce and to art, is a new realm. Open, the
Wonderland on the Yellowstone, in its virgin splendor. What a success !
We welcome the tidings as the harbinger of a new era of nrosperity, hitherto bravely contendpd
for but now secured, as the final warranty of the fulfillment of our belief that we had built on solid
ground. But the crown of the moment's gladness, we, the German citizens of this city, find, in the
old country's sympathy. Here T stand before its living proofs, before a party bearing the most
illustrious of Germany's names, and while we owe a great deal to the man whose energy broke our
path to the Pacific shore, we are his most willing debtors for the boon of your presence.
Be assured, there is not a single German-American in the assemblage from whose heart there
will not be a jubilant response, when I say: Gentlemen! You, everyone of whom has contributed
in his sphere, toward the acknowledgment by this republic of Germany as the power thafc holds
in its hands Europe's future, be welcome, all of you, welcome to young Minnesota.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
io THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD,
Hon. Budolph Schleiden, LL. D. 2 minister resident at Washington of the
free cities of Germany, responded in behalf of the guests substantially as
follows:
St. Paul, twenty-five years ago could scarcely have been called a city. Then it had 12,000 in-
habitants and its surroundings swarmed with Indians and trappers. But even then the German
were an influential element. At the time of the speaker's first visit to the city he had heard a great
deal of talk about its future greatness, and he perhaps listened with an uncredulous ear. Now he
finds that even the expectations of then were more than fulfilled. The village had become a
metropolis. What surprised him most was the progress of the city's wholesale trade, and the great
number of names of German-Americans engaged therein. The West and especially the Northwest
owes a great deal to the German-American citizen, and he was glad to see the German-Americans
of St. Paul, as was evident from the speech of Mr. Wolff and this reception of the guests, had
preserved so warm a feeling for the old country. It is true, Germany had received proofs of
this feeling in 1871 as well as last Spring, through those liberal contributions for the sufferers
by the floods; but warm words like those just spoken coming from and going to the heart, were
even more welcome.
Concluding, he said, he felt sure that all the hopes St. Paul rested upon the completion of the
Northern Pacific would be more than realized. A German it was who had completed the grand
work. The Germans of St. Paul ought to be proud of it. The speaker closed wiih the following
sentiment: "The Germans of St. Paul, may they flourish and prosper with this beautiful city 1"
"While the dessert was being discussed, Hon. 0. H. Lienau, of Die Volk-
zeltung, proposed: "The health of Henry Villard, the path-finder," which
toast was received with great enthusiasm, and to which Mr. Villard responded
as follows, in German:
I am grateful, gentlemen, for this excellent opportunity to thank the German citizens of
St. Paul for the kind and generous reception which they have given my guests from Germany. It
has been my good fortune to receive considerable satisfaction in the position which has fallen
to my lot. One of the happiest events in connection with my relations to the Northern Pacific
Railroad company is the fact that I see to-day assembled around me some of the most famous
representatives of the dearly-beloved fatherland, (Cheers.) I consider it a great fortune to me
that I, a German, was permitted to complete the great Northern Pacific railroad, which was begun
and started more than ten years ago, by enterprising citizens of my adopted country. I hope that
the expectations of the German citizens of St. Paul in particular, and the people of the great
Northwest in general, which are entertained from the completion of the Northern Pacific railroad,
will not be disappointed. I, for myself, have not the least doubt that the results which will come
from the completion of our road will meet the most sanguine expectations. I came to St. Paul for
the first time near twenty-five years ago. It was then a town of about 6,000 people. What it is
to-day you all know. And I think that the growth of the next twenty-five years will far exceed
that of the last twenty-five years. I beg to again express my thanks for'this most flattering
reception.
At the conclusion of Mr. Villard's remarks the company dispersed, the
visitors accompanied by their hosts, and receiving, during their stay in St. Paul,
the closest attention of their fellow-countrymen resident here. At 9 o'clock
on Saturday evening the German guests arrived at St. Paul's great summer
palace, Hotel LaFayette, at Minnetonka Beach, where princely arrangements
had been made for their entertainment. There the Sunday was passed in
needful rest and the quiet reception of visiting friends and countrymen.
ENGLISH AND AMERICAN GUESTS.
On the afternoon of Saturday, September 1st, three trains of splendid
cars, completing the royal railroad procession of four sections, left Chicago
en route for the eastern terminus of the Northern Pacific Kail way, St. Paul.
One train consisting of elegant private cars bore the guests from England
and Gen. U. S. Grant. Following are the English visitors:
Earl and Countess of Onslow.
Earl of Dalhousie.
Lord Carrington.
The Hon. St. John Brodrick and Lady Hilda Brodrick.
The Right Hon. Sir Arthur Hobhouse, Privy Councilor.
Lord Justice Sir Charles Bowen (Lord Justice of Appeals).
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
12 THE NOR THERN PA CIFIC RAILROAD.
The Right Hon. Sir James Hannen, Member of Privy Council, President Probate, Divorce and
Admiralty Division of the High Court of Justice.
Sir \V. Brampton Gurdon, of Her Majesty's Treasury.
The Hon. Albert H. G. Grey,M. P.
The Hon. Chas. Russell, Q. C. M. P.
Horace Davey, Esq., Q. C, M. P.
--Professor James Bryce, M. P.
Henry Kdwards, Esq., M. P.
John Hclmes, Esq., M. P.
Norwood, Esq., M. P.
Albert Pell, Esq., M. P.
Sanivel G. Rathbone, Esq., M. P.
Hen y B. Samuelson, Esq., M. P.
Francis Buxton, Esq ; , M. P.
Colonel Alan Gardner.
The Rev. S. A. Sieinthal, Manchester.
Dr. Louis Borchardt, Fallowfield, near Manchester.
Yicary Gibbs, Esq., of the firm of Anthony Gibbs & Sons, London and Liverpool.
McLeod, Esq.
- Bryce, Esq.
Benson, Esq. '
R. P. Ebden, of the Colonial Office.
Geo. B. Bruce, Vice-President, Institution of Civil Engineers, London,
The second train contained a party of Americans in charge of Mr. E. V.
Smalley, editor of The Northwest, and consisted of two Northern Pacific dining
cars and seven Pullman sleepers. The third train was occupied by another
party of Americans, escorted by J. T. Odell, Assistant General Manager of the
Northern Pacific, and a commttee of St. Paul citizens. This train had two
dining cars and eight handsome sleeping cars.
These trains proceeded immeaiately to Minnetonka Beach, all arriving in
good season on Sunday morning, and the guests were speedily assigned quarters
in the palatial Hotel LaFayette, which had been placed at their disposal by
the city of St. Paul. The day was greatly enjoyed at the beautiful lake, many
of the distinguished guests indulging in a pleasant voyage, many receiving
friends, and all passing a quiet, restful day, preparatorv to participating in the
series of fetes, banquets and ovations which were to so quickly follow.
The following United States officials were of the party:
The Hon. H. M. Teller, Secretary of the Interior.
The Hon. B. H. Brewster, Attorney General.
The Hon. L. Sackville West, British Minister (accompanied bv his daughter.)
Count Lippe-Weissenfeld, Charge d'Aff'aires of Austria-Hungary.
Count Carl Steen Anderson de Bille, Danish Minister,
Count de Bildt, Charge d' Affaires of Sweden and Norway.
Baron von Eisendecher, German Minister.
The Hon. W. H. Armstrong, United States Railway Commissioner.
The Rev. William Alvin Bartlett, pastor New York Avenue Presbyterian Church.
A. E. Bateman, banker.
Walker Blaine, son of the ex-Secretary.
The Hon. John Davis, Assistant Secretary of State.
E. M. Dawson, Interior Department.
The Hon. R. A. Elmer, Assistant Postmaster-General.
The Hon. Walter Evans, Commissioner of Internal Revenue.
The Hon. Henry F. French, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury.
James F. Hood, Chief Clerk Appointment Division, Interior Department.
The Hon. Noah McFarland, Commissioner of the General Land Office.
C. A. Maxwell, Chief Land Division, General Land Office.
n Clayton McMichael, United States Marshal.
General A. D. Hazen, Third Assistant Postmaster-General.
Captain John Mullan.
The Hon. John C. New, Assistant Secretary of the Treasurv.
Major W. S. Peabody.
Major O. L. Pruden, Assistant Secretary Executive Mansion.
Luther Harrison, Chief Clerk, General Land Office.
W. W. Upton, Second Comptroller of the Treasury.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
!3
14 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
^JARLY in August, 1883, the announcement was promulgated from the
Bi l New York headquarters that on the 8th of September the two sections
f h of the Northern Pacific Railway, one east from Portland, Oregon and
the other west from St. Paul, Minn., would be united, and the Golden
Spike, that was to complete the immense work of binding together tre
two great oceans, would be driven at "Gold Creek," Montana, which is 50 miles
west of Helena, 1,204 miles west of St. Paul, and 800 miles east of the Pacific
ocean.
It was further announced that to celebrate the remarkable event, the
president of the company, Henry Villard, would proceed to the point desig-
nated, accompanied by a party of about 500 guests, including prominent men
from all parts of the United States and Europe. The guests were invited to
rendezvous at St. Paul on September 3d, and special trains from different points
were to be supplied to convey them to this metropolis. The company felt this
so important an affair as to expend nearly $250,000 in carrying it out !
The people of St. Paul immediately "decided that so important an event
merited the most cordial recognition possible, and arrangements were at once
commenced to receive and entertain the distinguished guests on a scale of
magnificence never before dreamed of in this new and busy city. The great-
est enthusiasm was aroused, and it became universal. All entered with spirit
into the work and evinced a determination to produce a celebration commen-
surate with the occasion, and worthy of the city which is the eastern terminus
and distributing point for the vast wealth which the immense thoroughfare is
to disclose and make available; the metropolis which is to exchange its goods
'and wares for the productions of the vast fertile wheat areas, the broad cattle
ranges, and the rich treasures of the mines of the broad, royal domain
between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean; and which, by this splen-
did^ line of railway is to come into direct communication with, not only the
entire extent of the Pacific slope, in North America, from the frozen fields of
the north to the sunny orchards and fruitful vineyards of the south, but with
those great foreign empires beyond the sea, whose traffic with our fair repub-
lic is almost limitless. It is not then a matter for wonder that the people to be
thus lavishly benefited, rejoiced, and sought to do high honor to the man who
had contributed so largely to their prosperity and growth, and ushered in the
acheivement, which caused an United States Senator recently to predict that
St. Paul was destined to become the third commercial city on the continent.
THE PATEIOTISM OF THE PEOPLE
was so universal, and all displayed such anxiety to assist in a grand festival,
that the Chamber of Commerce took prompt action and advised a public
reception. On August 16th the city council, recognizing the importance of the
occasion, and respecting the desires of the people, voted to invite Mr. Villard
and his guests to accept the hospitality of the municipality, to attend a recep-
tion in the morning and partake of a banquet in the evening of Monday, Sep-
tember 3d. Prompt action followed, and the following committees were
appointed to perfect arrangements for a grand ovation:
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.
Mayor C. D. O'Brien,
P H. Kelly,
Wm. A. Van Slyke,
Thos. Cochran, Jr., Sec'y,
Albert Scheffer,
Hon. Ed. Rice,
Gates A. Johnson
Jno. B. Sanborn,
E. C. Starkey,
Gustav Willi us.
COMMITTTEE ON RECEPTION AND PROGRAMME.
C. D. O'Brien, Ch'n,
Norman W. Kittson,
J. H. Stewart,
Alexander Ramsey,
D. A. Robertson,
William Dawson,
John Dowlan,
Charles E. Otis,
Wm. A. Van Slyke,
George L. Becker,
John S. Prince,
Edmund Rice,
Joseph Robert,
W. D. Cornish,
I. B. St. Peter,
H. H. Sibley,
John B. Sanborn,
William Lindeke,
A. Wolff,
Arthur Koenig,
P. H. Kelly,
M. Holl,
Ricbards Gordon,
George L. Farwell,
John L. Merriam,
A. S. Cowley,
David Day,
H. P. Hall,
C. K. Davis,
J. J. Hill,
F. Willius,
Theo. Hamm,
C. H. Lienau,
J. H. Allen,
C. E. Mayo,
C. P. Noyes,
E. F. Drake,
William Macauley,
Charles H. Bigelow,
Frank B. Howell,
J. P. Larkin,
W. J. Dyer,
J. L. Forepaugh,
Robert Mannbeimer,
Herman Greve,
C. B. Thurston,
J. B. Olivier,
John Summers,
J. P. Gribben,
A. S. Elfelt,
E. S. Norton,
Ferdinand Ifarsen,
A. G. Foster,
W, F. Davidson,
8. M. Carey,
J. W. McClung,
P. R. L. Hardenbergh,
J. H; Weed,
H. T. Drake,
A. De Graft,
Paul Hauser, Jr
Henry Hale,
B. Kuhl,
R. T. O'Connor,
R. A. Smith,
E. C. Starkey,
John B. Brisbin,
William Lee,
' W. P. Murray,
Louis Fischer,
Gates A. Johnson,
A. Allen,
W. R. Marshall,
R. W, Johnson,
M. Auerbach,
F. Knauft,
Jacob Mainzer,
B. Beaupre,
C. D. Strong,
W. L. Banning,
JohnT. Averilli
A. S. Tallmadge,
Peter Berkey,
L. E. Reed,
W. A. Culbertson,
H. A. C.istle,
H. M. Rice,
Albert Scheffer,
C. Gotzian,
George Benz,
Frank Breuer,
L. H. Maxfield,
W. B. Dean,
A. J. Powers,
A. H. Wilder,
C D. Gilfillan,
H. C. Burbank,
F. Driscoll,
H. S. Fairchild,
S. S. Glidden.
John Matheis.
J. C. Quinby,
T. P. Wilson,
Charles Mcllrath,
H. J. Horn,
S. S. Eaton,
H. E. Thompson,
Russell Blakely,
Thomas Grace,
T. C. Field,
Dennis Ryan,
H. M. Smyth,
D. D. Merrill,
Albert Armstrong,
H. Sahlgaard,
E. E. Hughson,
G. V. Bacon,
J. J. Egan,
J, G. Donnelly,
James Starkey.
COMMITTE ON FINANCE.
John B. Sanborn, Ch'n,
Albert Scheffer,
P. H. Kelly,
D. W. Ingersoll,
Thomas Cochran, Jr.,
Secretary.
COMMITTEE ON DECORATION.
W. A. Van Slyke, Ch'n,
Qua Gilbert,
R, W. Eltzner,
E. C. Starkey,
R. O. Sweeny,
Howard Elmer,
G. Wirth,
A. Koenig,
Emil W. Ulrici,
A. M. Doherty,
Edward Corning,
K. Clark,
Otto Dreher,
C, H. Johnson,
Chas.- Passavant,
J. K. Taylor,
Karl Betz,
W. H. Lightner.
L. W. Rundlett,
John J. Penner,
F. M. Towar,
H. S. Treherne,
J. J. McCardy,
W. S. Morton,
O. Schwarzbach,
G. H. Hazzard,
j6
THE NORTHERN' PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Hon. Edmund Rice, Ch'n,
F. B. Clarke,
W. R. Marshall,
A. B. Stickney,
D. W. Ingersoll,
H. M. Knox.
R. M. Newport,
D. A. Monfort,
R. A. Smith,
F. R. Delano,
Gates A. Johnson,
A. Allen. fc
Ch'n,
COMMITTEE ON INVITATIONS.
P. H. Kelly,
J. Oppenheim,
George R Finch,
W. P. Murrav,
John B. Sanborn,
COMMITTEE ON BANQUET.
William Crooks,
J. W. Bishop,
R. W. Johnson,
E. S. Bean.
W. H. Sanborn,
M. D. Flower,
Albert Schefler,
H. A. Castle,
George L. Becker,
D. R. Noyes.
Stanford Newel,
E. C. Starkey,
G. C. Squires,
C. W. Mclntyre,
Crawford Livingston.
Earnestly and energetically did the committees devote themselves to
their duties and they were heartily seconded by all the other citizens. But
little more than two weeks were available for the preparations, and some
feared that it would be impossible in so short a time to acnieve a result as per-
fect as was decided upon. The busy people of the metropolis were little given
to grand displays, but on this occasion it was the universal determination to
indulge in a grand dress parade, and the result exceeded the anticipations of
the most sanguine and confident. Promptly and with the utmost discipline
the^ various committees proceeded with their assigned labors, reporting with
military precision to the executive board, daily. Announcements in the daily
papers informed the public of the progress of the work, and the people re-
sponded with alacrity to all requisitions made upon them. Mayor O'Brien
published a request that all business be suspended on the day of the celebra-
tion and it was invariably respected. In all parts of the city preparations
were quietly progressing. Painters were industriously at work on banners,
mottoes, flyers, etc. Decorators were designing and manufacturing the most
"beautiful and appropriate ornamentations. Mechanics were busily preparing
'great wagons for the procession. Mammoth arches were in process of con-
struction at various points, and in short, everybody was active in contributing
to the coming festival. The result was, that on the morning of the 3d of Sep-
tember the sunarose upon a city in grand holiday attire. Over an area of at
least five miles in diameter the buildings were almost entirelv concealed be-
neath a bewildering mass of elaborate decorations, and far out on the beauti-
ful hills that surround the city, thousands of the handsome residences wore
becoming emblems of rejoicing, while even the trees in their brilliant fall
foliage seemed desirous to assist in the grand display.
ON THE BUSINESS STREETS
through which the procession was to pass, there was not a building devoid of
decoration. The lolty blocks were festooned from sidewalk to eaves With
bright-hued materials, while cunningly wrought emblems, stars, wreaths,
anchors, etc. appeared at intervals, and flags of all nations, intermingled with
bright pennons bearing the legend "N. P. K. P.," floated from windows and
housetops. Even to the summits of the great six-story blocks the work of em-
bellishment had been carried and the lesser buildings were, if possible, more
lavishly arrayed. At r o point could the eve be directed without encountering
some bright and beautiful object, and at every point appeared those little flut-
tering pennons bearing the magic, characters, "N. P. P. P.," over one
hundred thousand being displayed. 'Here and there appeared rows of small
green trees along the outer edge of the sidewalk, marking the establishmem
of some German citizen, who had not forgotten a pretty custom of his father-
land. At nearly every store large shields or panels, bordered with green
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. i 7
foliage, or bright colors, and bearing appropriate inscriptions were placed over
the doors. Show windows were elaborately dressed, the rich and vaiied
Is being displayed in designs suited to the occasion. The two sides of the
its were united by streamers of many hues; mammoth flags hung over the
thoroughfare, and massive banners bearing words of hearty welcome or suitable
inscriptions, assisted in forming the roof of an enormous arch, the bright rays of
the sun penetrating, and glorifying the gorgeous scene. And this bewilder-
ing display, this brilliant, triumphal, arched pathway extended a distanci
at least six miles without a hiatus* excelling, as was freely admitted by thousands
of visitors, anything of a similar character ever before exhibited in the same
area in the continent. No description could do justice to it, and any attempt
to specify the individual efforts would be to undertake the impossible." Each
and every citizen contributed to the display, and the following excellent,
although necessarily incomplete, description from the Pioneer Press must
suffice:
A GLANCE AT THE DECORATIONS.
Old Fort Street (now Seventh), west of the Seven Corners, was
decorated to the street car barns, a distance of two miles. The new block
of Faber & Gilfillan was fairly covered with bunting, and the St. Paul House
and Gross' hotel were covered with flags. At the Seven corners Max Strouse,
Fishbein Bros., Wagner & Gassen, A. P. Wilkes, Mandehr & Grein, and the
Valley House each were very appropriately and neatly arrayed. Here the first
glimpse of Third Street was had, and in the first block the decorations of Cor-
lies, Chapman & Drake, John Foos, Ocobock and F. Brunhoff, were notable.
From Paul Faber's were stretched across the street magnificent festoons of oak
leaves, forming a double arch, within which were words of welcome in German
verse. From the intersection of Franklin Street to the Metropolitan Hotel the
effort had been well directed, and every front was a picture. Here were
found artitsic endeavors by Dr. Markoe and Dr. Davenport, while Frank
Werner's place had a decidedly unique verse (in German) addressed to Vill&rd,
the import of which was, liberally translated:
"Villard's great work is done.
Therefore we celebrate;
And I a little decorate."
At the intersection of Washington Street were festoons of oak across the
street supporting the inscription:
" Hurrah for the men to whom we owe the N. P.! '*
At George Benz & Co.'s were many inscriptions, among them: 'The
empire of the Northwest greets Villard and his friends;" "Hail President Mi-
lan! and his work," etc. From Washington Street to Wabasha every foot of
Wall space was utilized for bunting or evergreens. W. W. Kimball & Co.'s
effort was simply beautiful; a magnificent flag, the largest in the city, covered
nearly the whole three-story front. Karl Simmon, C. B. Thurston, Auerbach,
Finch & Van Slyck, American News Company, Stone & Shaw, E. C'aa
James Dav-nport, the Ninety-nine Cent Store, Myers & Finch, Grote's Tivoli
and Lambie & Bethune contributed largely to the beautiful display at this
point.
LOOKING UP ST. PETER STREET.
From the foot of St. Peter Street, looking north, the Windsor Hotel
loomed up grandly. Every one of its numerous balconies was heavy with
evergreens and colors and from its flagstaff floated countless streamers. At
Bridge Square a fine effect was produced by utilizing the electric light ma
a gigantic May pole, from which hung the colors of all nations, while from the
cross-trees were displayed the American, English, German, Bavarian and
18 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
French flags. At this point the most striking effect was presented by the view
up Wabasha and down Third Street. Passing down Third, the Ingersoll block,,
the Tribune pavilion, Nathan Lyons, Lindeke, Ladd & Co., John Matheis,.
W. F. Mason, T. S. McManus & Co., and the Hartford Insurance Company,
each presented special features. T. S. McManus & Co. arranged candies so
that the colors not only represented the American flag, but those of all
nations. "N. P. R. R." was beautifully presented in confections. The St.
James Hotel was tastefully draped, and adjoining, the firm of Albrecht & Bro.
made a magnificent display by combining various robes and skins of animals
so as to represent the national colors. P. T. Kavanagh presented a decidedly
unique and artistic cartoon with two railroad engines meeting, the smoke of
one describing in fantastic letters "Portland," and the other "St. Paul." A
motto surmounted his establishment which read:
"N. P. stock is up to-day,
And there it will remain!"
Pollock, Donaldson & Ogden and the St. Paul Rubber company made
heavy displays of colors; and M. F. Kennedy & Bros.' establishment had a.
magnificent elk head for a figure-head, about which the colors were profusely
draped. W. R. Burkhard and Bristol, Smith & Freeman made their places very
beautiful, and P. F. Egan strung a fine cartoon across the way, the salient
idea of which was an enormous ring w T ith a diamond setting, representing St.
Paul, and the inscription:
"The jewel of St. Paul's commercial supremacy is firmly set."
Eagan, the clothier, had a comic figure dressed after the Yankee style, with
a gripsack in his hand, upon which w r as emblazoned: "Bound for Portland
over the N. P." A very appropriate decoration presented by the Pioneer
Press, consisted of a huge map of the line of the Northern Pacific, reaching the
entire width of the building. The map not only represented the exact route
of the road, but also presented the names of all the important towns. Upon
the map was lettered:
"The Pioneer Press covers the field. Thanks to Henry Villard and predecessors. St. Paul
shakes hands with Portland."
A BEAUTIFUL BLOCK.
By very many the decorations of the Mannheimer block were pronounced
the most beautiful of any along the entire route. The display in the show
windows would have done credit to Stewart's in its palmiest days, and from
the top of the fine edifice down, at each successive story, were the finest of
silk bunting flags, representing America, England and Germany respectively.
The National German-American Bank windows were finely draped. Sattler
Bros, presented a first-class showing, and William Lee's balconies were heavy
with drapings. Within his windows were huge monograms, "N. P. R. R.,
and "H. V." surrounded by the Bavarian colors. The First National Bank,
Ransom & Horton, Biggs, Forney's Hotel, Miller Bros., Clark & Frost, Savings
Bank of St. Paul, W. L. Anderson, Boston Clothing House, St. Paul Book
Company, and Whitman, Frye & Co., each did their best to rival the street in
a magnificent and liberal display of colors. The Dispatch and Volkszeitung
presented a fine balcony, and at McLeod's restaurant a fine arch of welcome
spanned the sidewalk. Frohne & Mansfield, John H. Schultz & Macdonald
and Adam Fetsch each presented notable adornments. The Merchants'
National Bank emblazoned "N. P. R. R., Welcome," and displayed a large
number of Grand Army flags. The Union Ticket Office and all of the small
buildings on the w T est side cf Jackson and Fourth Streets were simply a mass
of colors. The Merchants Hotel Balconies all displayed Northern Pacific flags,
and the new Drake block opposite was one of the most attractive blocks on
2 o THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
the street. From this building to the opposite side of Third Street were
stretched the finest American and English flags that floated in the city, each
flag bearing appropriate mottoes of welcome. Forepaugh & Tarbox and P. R.
L. Hardenbergh made immense displays, while the Lockhardt block was
magnificent in its countless flags of all description. C. Gotzian & Co., Hoxsie
& Jaggar and B. Kuhl & Go. were a veritable blaze of glory. Merrell, Sahlgaard
& Th wing showed "N. P. R. R." in gigantic letters composed entirely of small
flags and evergreens ; the effect being very fine. Maxfield & Seabury presented
splendidly arranged columns of colors with interminable streamers and flags of
all nations. The St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba Ticket Office was beauti-
fully decorated withjn and without. The Allen, Moon & Co. and P. H. Kelly &
Co. buildings were nearly all flags, and J. F. Vitt and Beaupre, Keogh & Co.,
Glidden, Griggs & Co. and Yanz & Howes all showed up well. Young,
Streissguth & Drake decked their establishment in beautiful and dostly furs,
and Campbell & Burbank's windows were very attractive. Over their doorway
was "Villard" in living green ietters of enormous size. The Minnesota Home,
Manitoba House, A. Pugh's and B. D. Buford & Co. vied with each other to
render the vicinity of Third Street and Broadway beautiful.
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC BUILDINGS.
The Northern Pacific General Offices were simply decked; more with
modesty than any thing else. There was evident intent not to make the
display pronounced. A few festoons of evergreens graced the front of the
edifice, and the gateways to the basement were arched with the living green.
The main entrance was guarded on the right by a bear hid among cedar
boughs, and upon the left was a beautiful deer, just in the act of jumping.
Within the portal a fine crayon of Villard appeared, surrounded by heads of
buffalo, elk, etc. Sheaves of various grains flanked the walls, and over the
doorways to each office were boughs of cedar and other evergreens. The
entire arrangement, both without and within, was simple, yet beautiful, and
becoming to the hero of the hour.
THE OMAHA OFFICES.
The Omaha General Offices were magnificentty decked and draped, and
together with their special arch (described in detail elsewhere), were as
pleasing a sight as the line of march presented.
The Duluth General Offices presented a fine banner, strung clear across
the street, upon which was inscribed:
"Congratulations and welcome to Villard and the Northern Pacific from the Duluth & St.
Paul Railway."
Averill, Russell & Carpenter decorated largely, and Kellogg, T ohnson & Co.
presented a most attractive display of silk bunting, fairly enveloping the
Building.
THE MANITOBA OFFICES.
The St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba put its best foot forward, and th
result was a magnificent display. A huge banner, beneath which pended the
national colors, was emblazoned with two hands grasped, one hand labeled
"N. P. R. R.," and the other "St. P. M. & M." Above the hands was
"St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba," and beneath "Welcome."
The C. E. Dickerman block, Minnesota Shoe Company, Shutte's block,
George D. Barnard & Co., B. Sommers & Co., N. E. Soloman, Gordopi &
Ferguson, Farwell, Ozmun & Jackson, Breuer & Rhodes, Strong, Hackett &
Co., Berkey, Tallmadge & Co., and Holl & Paar, each contributed largely to
make lower Fourth Street beautiful. Reaching Sibley Street the great
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. 21
establishments of Auerbach, Finch & Van Slyck and Lindeke, Warner &
Schurmeier were decked throughout their entire fronts with miles of bunting
and hundreds upon hundreds of flags. Noyes Bros. & Cutler, Chas. R. Gron,
Schmidt & Miller and Craig, Larkin & Smith assisted to make Sibley Street
worthy of its name. Returning to Fourth Street, Albrecht, Lanpher & Finch
made a splendid display of robes, furs, etc., and from the horns of a prodigious
buffalo ran stringers from which the tails of nearly all fur-bearing animals were
suspended. J. Oppenheim & Co. made a showing of colors and Mayo & Clark
vied with the Davidson block, at the corner of Fourth and Jackson, where
Fairchild & Son presented a number of inscriptions, among which were: -
"St. Paul, population 1883, 100,000. In 1893 will be 250,000."
"Villard to St. Paul: Into thy lap, O City of Promise, I will bear the products of the bound-
less and fertile lands from the Mississippi to the Pacific, and the far off lands of China and Japan
shall contribute to thy wealth and power until thou art indeed the Queen City of the
Northwest."
Up Jackson Street to Seventh, although off the line of march, the decora-
tions were profuse.
SEVENTH STREET.
This great retail thoroughfare was a magnificent spectacle for miles. The
decorations were rich, profuse, and generally of flags and evergreens without
special attempt at features, The Grand Army of the Republic stretched a
welcoming banner across the street, and it bore a patriotic sentiment to the
effect that the G. A. R.* was ever ready to back anything which helped to
bind the nations together, especially such a strong girder as the Northern
Pacific. From lower. Seventh to Wabasha everything was more or less
decorated, and when that thoroughfare was reached it presented a brilliant
scene from the capitol the entire distance to Third Street.
THE CAPITOL.
The stars and stripes floated gracefully from the staff over the main
entrance to the capitol, and over the doorway was emblazoned "Welcome,"
surmounted by American and Bavarian colors commingled. Heads of elk and
buffalo assisted the general ornamentation, which was not excessive but
decidedly neat and artistic. The residences about the capitol were properly
draped, and all the streets centering in that locality Dore the prevailing
evidences of joy. The Globe Office on Wabasha Street presented a banner
on which w r as a large globe and the inscription, "Its orbit extents from ocean
to ocean,"
OFFICIAL DECORATIONS.
The city buildings at Rice Park were just about a maze of flags and colors.
There was not much attempt at design, but the quantity indicated the fact
that St. Paul was aroused, and meant officially to declare its appreciation of
the great event. Gen. Grant was heard to remark, as he took in Rice Park and
the City Hall, that "during the entire course of the war he never saw so many,
flags flags of a! I sizes, descriptions and numbers." All the residences in the
neighborhood of Rice Park helped to swell the multitude of flags until
everything seemed kaleidoscopic and almost wearisome to the eye.
ARCHES OF WELCOME AND TRIUMPH.
In beauty and appropriateness of design and costliness of structure the
arches of welcome and triumph, erected at various points on the line of
march, were in keeping with /Jie grandeur and immensity of the general
demonstration in honor of St. Paul's greatest occasion of rejoicing.
22 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
A CANOPY OF COLORS
At the Seven Corners was located the first of these special tokens of honor.
Above the very center of the square to which seven highways converge
from as many different points of the compass, was suspended a large cartwheel
which was wound with the national colors. From this wheel as the center
radiated great streamers to the various street corners, making in fact a canopy
of colors over the entire square. The streamers were stretched from the
center to guy-ropes reaching from tall poles clear around the square, and the
side ropes, or supports, were heavily festooned. The supporting poles at the
corners were draped in white and blue, and the entire design was emblazoned
with flags and minor decorations.
THE CITY'S WELCOME. THE VILLARD ARCH.
The city arch, erected over Third Street, just below Cedar Street crossing,
was of oriental design, about sixty-five feet in width. The arch was of a
rnoresque or horse-shoe form, twenty feet across the base, and the height of
the crown from the pavement was thirty feet. The arch was flanked on the
sides by platforms elevated above the street some eighteen feet, resting on
posts trimmed in deep red, the intervening spaces being filled up with
different shades of green. On the platform were placed symbolic groups of
young ladies representing the cities of St. Paul and Portland, the termini of
the road. Above the arch was a frieze six feet high of evergreens, bearing the
word "welcome" in large bronze letters. Above this frieze there was a light
projecting cornice, and surmounting the whole a huge dome sixteen feet in
diameter, of yellow ground with rib lines of gold, the whole structure rising
sixty feet from the street. On the four corners of the main structure were
minarets running up to a height of forty-five feet, with conical shaped cappings
of gold, the minarets themselves being treated with Turkish red aligned with
green and silver decorations. The main space between the arch and the
corners was richly ornamented in varied detail, composed of gold and silver
decorations on red, black and blue grounds. The immediate frame around
the arch was a blue groundwork, bearing the words in bronze: "St. Paul greets
the Northern Pacific and its Friends." Outside of this was a band of bright
crimson, flanked with evergreens, the whole framed in by a plain black band,
ornamented with silver and bearing the word "Villard," repeated seven times.
The remaining space was profusely ornamented with floral decorations,
streamers, etc. The inside of the arch was covered with bands of yellow and
reen, and was festooned with ribbons. The minarets were trimmed with
lue and white, and from their tops floated tri-colored and red and white
streamers, while festoons were strung in bewildering number and irregularity
to all parts of the structure. On the platforms, in addition to the symbolic
emblems above noted, were a score or more of young ladies, concealed from
public view by the decorations, who showered the distinguished visitors with
bouquets and cut flowers as they passed underneath. Extending on both sides
f Third Street from the arch 128 feet in length in the direction of Wabasha
were platforms seven feet in width, elevated some few feet above the street,
which were occupied by hundreds of young girls dressed in white, who distri-
buted flowers to the visitors as they passed.
THE GROCERS' ARCH.
The next arch in order was decidedly uniaue, and was commemorative of
St. Paul's mercantile supremacy. It was entirely the result of the liberality
and enterprise of P. H. Kelly & Co. and Allen, Moon & Co. The columns on
either side of Third Street on which the arch rested wero of barrels, kegs and
boxes of merchandise in the following order: . Base, sixteen barrels of syrup,
topped by barrels of pork and pickles, kegs of syrup and fish, and boxes of
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
23
RAILROAD ARCH, CORNER SEVENTH AND WABASHA STREETS.
soap and canned goods. The arch was formed with kegs of fish, with
canvassed ham and bacon suspended from underneath. On one side of the
arch was inscribed "P. H. Kelly Mercantile Co.," and on the opposite,
"Allen, Moon & Co." Over the center of the arch was an equilateral triangle
bearing the letters, "N. P. K. R," and underneath, "St. Paul," "Portland,"
the open space at the bottom being filled up with two clasped hands while
underneath the whole, in German text, was the word "Welcome." The apex
of the arch was thirty-five feet above the street and the widtn was over sixty
feet. Bunting and ribbons were used liberally, and with the unique design
and happy arrangement of goods displayed, this arch formed a picture that
will long dwell in the memory of those who viewed it.
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC ARCH.
This was erected by the railway company, across Broadway at its junction
with Fourth Street, opposite the south corner of its general oflice building.
The span of this arch was thirty feet six inches, and the height thirty-nine
feet in the clear. The bases upon which the arch rested were eight feet six
inches in height. There were four square columns rising from the base at each
end, the four outside ones being thirty-five feet in height, and the four on the
inside two feet shorter. A six foot staff rose from each column, from which
24 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
different colored streamers were displayed. The arch and four inside
standards were composed of unthreshed wheat and oats, and the four outside
of corn and grasses. A .high minaret of grain sheaves crowned the arch.
Different colored ribbons were strung from the standards across the arch and
intertwined with the grains, the whole forming a beautiful picture to look upon,
while being at the same .time emblematic of a large portion of the country
traversed and opened up to settlement by the Northern Pacific road.
THE "ROYAL ROUTE" ARCH.
A singularly beautiful and appropriate arch, made at the shops of this
company, was erected over Fourth Street in front of the general offices of the
Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway Company. It represented
# two massive granite piers supporting an iron bridge bearing a pictured
'locomotive of the "C, St. P., M. & O." line. The bridge was covered each
side with a canvass inscribed "Welcome, Northern Pacific Railroad." Under-
neath hung the familiar sign, "Look out for the cars when the bell rings,"
signal flags, national banners and bannerets, inscribed "The Royal Route,"
with festoons of evergreens and drops of tri-colors decorated the arch, while
the whole front of the large building was adorned with evergreens, tri-colored
streamers and "N. P. R. R." bannerets, and ro' t s of young evergreen trees
from the North AVisconsin division were set at the edge of the sidewalk along
the whole square. An engine bell concealed within the arch rang incessamly
during the passage of the procession. The whole affair was skillfully planned
and executed and was in keeping with all the royal undertakings of the
"Royal Route."
THE RAILROAD ARCH.
This was in design and execution unique and perfect. Its proportions were
artistic and its colors well harmonized. It was designed for and named: "The
Railroad Arch," and its outlines and ornaments represented two locomotives
and a tunnel. At the base on either side were striking imitations of locomo-
tive cowcatchers. Above these were the boilers, a dozen feet in diameter,
with fronts and headlights represented by large discs of carved wood, and
above them were the tall columns in similitude of smoke stacks. Over all a
drapery of white and black gave appropriate colors to the outlined ideal. At
the apex of the smoke stacks rising volumes of smoke were closely represented
by contrasting sheaves of wheat and corn with colored paper. The curves of
tne arch represented a tunnel in stone colors. From the base of the arch to
the apex was forty -two feet, the width being forty feet. Depending from the
center of the arch were festoons of evergreens and red, white and blue cloth.
Above the arch was a group of flags of the principal nations of the globe, the
colors of America, England, Germany, France, Sweden, Russia, China and
Austria being there, while colors of the smaller nations were ingeniously
placed around the imitation headlights. Directly over the center of the arch
was a circular design bearing the monogram "H. V." in large letters,
surrounded by a wreath of evergreens. The keystone in the center of the
structure bore the legend "N. P. R. R., 1883." On the front sides of the arch
were a number of large panel spaces filled in with the names of presidents of
the Northern Pacific Railroad as follows: Henry Villard, Jay Cooke, J.
Gregory Smith, Geo. W. Cass, Chas. B. Wright and Frederick Billings. The
names of A. H. Barney, Wm. M. Roberts and Edward Antlerson, ex-chief
engineers of the road also appear in panels, while the names of the States and
Territories through which the road travels are placed on the base. Also on
the base of the arch was placed the names of the principal stations on the line
of the road from St. Paul to Tocoma. A beautiful feature of the display at this
arch was several vases of flowers placed on a small platform adjacent to the
locomotive head-lights. In the way of embellishment many minute and
valuable artifices were employed, all of which added to the beauty of the
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. 25
general effect. The designers of the arch were R. Eisner and Emil W. TTlrici,
the constructors being Wilkin & Remey and the decorator, Mr. Walter Dreher,
all of whom contributed to bring about the beautiful whole.
THE CHINESE ARCH.
This arch, designed by A. M. Doherty and constructed by D. McDougal,
was thrown over Wabasha street, between Ninth and Tenth streets. In
form it was a double pagoda united and supported by an arch. The span of
the arch was forty feet in length, leaving an opening of twenty-four feet in the
clear, with passages of eight feet in width at the base on the sidewalks. The
height was fifty feet with bamboo poles twenty-two feet long, surmounting
the pagoda, making a total height of seventy-two feet. Each pole bore a flag
fixed in the center, and the stars and stripes floated sixty-three feet from the
sidewalk. The towers were thirty-two feet high and surmounted by the
colors of America, France, Prussia, England and Ireland. The center of the
arch formed an unique pagoda, three stories in height, painted in the Japanese
colors of red, black and yellow; the roof being tastefully draped in the national
colors red, white and b'lue. The roof was embellished with over two hundred
Chinese lanterns. On the front side of the arch was the motto: "Northern
Pacific Railroad, connection between China and St. Paul;" on the reverse side
the inscription; "St. Paul greets Japan through the N. P. R. B." The arch
was sixteen feet through and ornamented with Japanese fans and parasols.
The bases of the towers were covered with a mass of evergreens, and the
mottoes were likewise adorned with the same material. Parti-colored pennants-
floated from the arch bearing the words ''Welcome Villard." In addition, the
available spaces of the structure were filled with a bewildering variety of flags,
dragons, suns, moons, stars, etc., in silver and gold leaf, the whole making a
decidedly beautiful effect.
The committee on invitation had prepared and distributed a beautiful 1
lithograph invitation, bearing the following:
^T %WsTHE HOHORABLE MAYOH
/ AND THE
#f * 60x91909 6011901! of^frjc Gify- of' Sfr Jfoul .
respectfully invite you to attend and participate in the Celebration to be given
in this city on Monday. September 3, 1883, in honor of the visit of
MR. HEHRY YILLARD,
President of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, and his distinguished
guests, upon the occasion of the completion and formal opening of this
road from Saint Paul and Lake Superior to the Pacific Coast.
^
[The design for the invitation forms the front cover of this book.]
Badges, bearing the design on the back cover of this volume, were printed
on heavy satin, white for guests, blue for members of committees, and red for
marshals. The badges were confined to the coats of the wearers by dainty
bouqu ,ts.
26 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAIIROAD.
T 9 o'clock in the morning of September 3, 1883, the Union depot in
St. Paul was under police guard, and none but the reception committees
fflk appointed to welcome Mr. Villard and his guests to the city were
^L permitted to enter. The Ames Zouaves, of Minneapolis, Mayor Ames
T in command, and companies D and E of the First regiment of the
Minnesota National Guard were present with the Regimental band. Mr.
Villard and his family were the first to alight from the first of the four special
trains that rolled into the depot half an hour later. A hundred carriages were
in waiting and the entire party were soon riding swiftly up into the heart pf
the city, escorted by Gen. Sanborn, chief marshal, and aids, the police and
the military. Gannons booming on the Capitol Square and the blowing of
steamboat whistles along the wharves announced the arrival, and that the
celebration had begun.
President Villard, Mrs. Villard, Gen. Grant and Mayor O'Brien were
seated in the first carriage. In the second carriage were Gen. and Mme. von
Xvlander, MissVillard and Col. vonXylander. In the third carriage were Hon.
William M. Evarts, Hon. H. M. Teller, Masters Harold and Oswald Villard.
Hon. L. Sackville West, British minister; Miss West and companion occupied
the fourth carriage, and Baron Von Eisendecher, Count Lippe-Wiessenfeld,
occupied the fifth carriage. Other guests were distributed as follows: Count
*de Bildt, charge d'affaires of Sweden and Norway; August Feigel, German
consul general, New York; Oatmar Von Mohl, German consul, Cincinnati,
Ohio; German guests in fifteen carriages; English guests in ten carriages;
governors, United States senators and representatives in seven carriages;
officers of the United States army in five carriages; government officials from
"Washington in four carriages; mayors of other cities in two carriages; presi-
dents of board of trade and chamber of commerce in two carriages; directors
and officers of the Northern Pacific and other railroad corporations in six
carriages; members of the press in ten carriages.
The route of the guests' procession was up Third Street to Market, and
thence to the seats provided in Rice Park, where the honored guests of the day
were to review the military, civic societies, trades exhibits and the various
constituent parts of a most notable procession. The streets for miles were
crowded densely, and as Mr. Villard and his party passed up Third Street
through the narrow lane between the seas of faces on either hand, he and they
were greeted with tremendous enthusiasm.
Passing under the grand triumphal arch , corner Third and Cedar streets,
President Villard, surprised and pleased beyond measure at the enthusiasm
everywhere manifested, raised his hat in acknowledgment, just as a shower of
roses, tossed by a score of maidens, representing St. Paul and Portland
respectively, fell upon his bared head and into the carriage, and were
scattered over Gen. Grant, who smiled his acknowledgments, and upon
Mrs. Villard, who bowed and smiled and looked the pride she could not
speak.
THE SYMBOLS.
Mr. Villard looked upon the platform above his head and noticed a
tableau which gave him infinite pleasure. The flower-throwing maidens
stood on the arch of welcome, and in the center of a group of school children
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
27
28 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAIIROAD.
was a tableau representing Columbia, Mrs. Joseph Geisen; Germania, Mrs.
Charles Schmidt; Britannia, Miss Pauline Faber. Directly opposite was the
goddess of the Northern Pacific railroad, Miss Julia Winter. Miss Julia Elbel
represented manufactures, with her anvil and ratchet wheel. Miss Martha
Werner represented agriculture: svmbols plow, scythe and sheaves of wheat.
In the balcony Portland was represented by Miss Mary Schnitzius, and St. Paul
by Miss Annie Strong. The bouquets distributed were tied with blue ribbons
marked Welcome N. P. B. R. These beautiful tableaux were the tribute of
our German citizens.
As the remaining guests passed under the arch in turn, flowers were rained
upon them, and gracefully acknowledged. Just west of the triumphal arch
two long platforms were constructed, and these were crowded with children
dressed in white, who, provided with bouquets, awaited the arrival of the grand
procession.
IN GEAXD EEVIEW.
It was a typical Minnesota day ; never one lovelier; a day without a fault. The
bright harvest sun shone from a sky of cloudless blue. The thermometer
registered 70 degrees, and the air was of that pure, sweet character which is
the delight and wonder of strangers. Pice Park, that tiny gem of forest and
floral beauty, was never fairer. Always beautiful with its natural adornments,
its charms were heightened by the artistic decorations that had been skillfully
placed. Bright colored streamers hung from tree to tree, and thousands of flags
mingled their hues with the green foliage, forming a canopy of indescribable
beauty. The grassy lawns were as velvet; the flowers-in beds and parterres,
bloomed brilliantly and from the massive fountain the bright water leaped with
seeming joy.
By the side of the band stand a massive marquee had been erected, and
on the long table within, a bounteous collation was served in Magee's best
style. Pyramids of danties, crowded beautiful floral decorations, and the
glimmer of crystal glasses showed that the rapid popping of corks so constantly
heard, was not intended as a salute alone. The repast proved most opportune
and was heartily enjoyed by the honored guests.
Several sections of opera chairs stood in the park for the accommodation
of Mr. Villard's guests and the invited guests of the city. The seats com-
manded an unobstructed view of Fifth street. In the front row were Mr.
Villard and Gen. Grant, sitting side by side ; Gov. Hubbard and the general
officers of the National guard; Gen. Terry and staff, and Bishop Ireland; while
immediately in the rear Mayor O'Brien and ladies had seats. Ex-Secretary
Evarts also had a seat near by , and on all sides sitting or standing, were the
distinguished Americans and foreigners, decked with white satin badges, and
button-hole bouquets. The Citv Hall was a coigne of vantage for scores of
people, filling all the windows and doorways; and heie as elsewhere along the
route, the streets were crowded with people. None but guests were admitted
within the precincts of the park, Capt. John Bressett and a posse of police in
full uniform instructing the good-natured spectators to retain positions on the
opposite walks. The members of the party had no more than settled into
good positions before the head of the procession appeared. The colored banu
and regiment from the Fort was a source of wonder to the foreigners; and
when the Ames Zouaves came along, a burst of applause arose from the
assembled multitude, being more particularly the recognition given the com-
mand from the neighboring city by the people of St. Paul. The industrial
division awakened great admiration, and as display after display passed before
the eyes of the distinguished visitors, comment and compliment fell from their
lips, with many expressions of surprise and wonder at the seemingly exhaust-
less resources of the young metropolis of the new Northwest. Mr. Villard was
saluted time after time from the ranks of the great procession, and each time
raised his hat in response. Even he, well acquainted with St. Paul as he is,
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. 2 9
could not refrain from expressing amazement and gratification, as he viewed
the display which had been prepared in honor of himself and the Northern
Pacific. Gen. Grant was also pleased. "I have seen many grand processions,
civic and military," said the illustrious soldier and citizen, "but such a display
as this of a city's industries I have never seen." A Berlin banker remarked to
Gov. Solomon of Wisconsin, "This display, if known to the world, would add
twenty-five per cent, to the value of St. Paul property."
Even as early as sunrise preparations for the mammoth procession had
been in progress, thousands of gaily-decked teams representing the countless
industries of a great city hastening to the appointed rendezvous. At 9:30
o'clock, when the distinguished visitors, for whose edification and instruction
this grand display had been planned, had disposed themselves comfortably,
THE BRILLIANT AND IMPOSING PAGEANT
commenced to pass in review in the following order:
Platoon of Thirty-two Police under Sergeants Walsh and Morgan.
Chief Marshal Gen. John B. Sanborn and Aides.
Marshal Isaac Doble and Brigade of Boys on Ponies.
FIRST GRAND DIVISION.
Chief Marshal, Col. W. B. Bend.
Fort Snelling Band.
Battalion of Twenty-fifth Infantry, U. S. A., Lieut. Col. D. H, Brotherton,
Battery F, Fourth RegimeRt Artillery, U. S. A., Maj. L. G. Smith.
Second Regiment Band.
Second Regiment, M. N. S. G.
First Regiment, M. N. S. G.
Emmet Light Artillery, M. N. S. G.
All other Military Organizations.
Grand Army of the Republic and Veterans of Late War.
SECOND GRAND DIVISION.
Chief Marshal, John T. Black.
Fire Commissioners.
Fire Alarm Telegraph.
Hook and Ladder No. 1.
Engines, Hose Carts and Supply Wagons Nos. 1 and 2.
Assistant Chief.
Hook and Ladder No. 2.
Chemical Engine.
Engines, Hose Carts and Supply Wagons Nos. 1, 2 and 3,
Veterinary Surgeon.
All in condition for immediate service .
THIRD GRAND DIVISION.
Chief Marshal, Col. M. J. O'Connor.
Assistans, P. J. Dwyer, J. B. Desforges, Z. Quesnel, T. O. Dufresne, C. Barbeau,
Alfred Dufresne, John Massheck.
Red Wing Band.
Ancient Order Hibernians,
Knights of St. Paul.
Union Francaise.
St. John Baptiste,
Knights of Labor.
St. Venzee (Bohemian) Society.
St. John (Bohemian) Society.
Bohemian Turners Sokol.
St. Albert's (Polish) Society.
FOURTH GRAND DIVISION.
Chief Marshal, Andrew R. Kiefer,
Assistants, J. Mainzer, George R. Walsh, Joseph Osborn, William Penner, H. W. Thackery,
Gustavus Hopping,
Bohemian Band.
St. Paul Temple Commandery, No. 2, P. C.
jo THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
German Society, Turner Society, Druids, Sons of Hermann, Lucelbeurgia, and Seven
other Civic Societies.
Butchers, Mounted.
FIFTH GRAND DIVISION.
Chief Marshal, Gen. J. W. Bishop.
Assistant, L. W. Rundlett.
Great Western Band.
C. H. Bosworth, Assistant Marshal.
Postoffice Department, Railway Mail Service,
Omnibus Line,
J. L. Cherry, Assistant Marshal
Northern Pacific Express Co.
American Express Co.
United States Express Co.
Mat Ellis, Assistant Marshal.
Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway.
W. Thomas, Assistant Marshal.
St. Paul & Duluth Railway.
Minneapolis & St. Louis Railway.
E. D. Coming, Assistant Marshal.
Railroad Warehouse.
SIXTH GRAND DIVISION.
Chief Marshal, E. A. Young.
Assistants, Gen. M. D. Flower, Charles Borup.
Faribault Band.
1. Wholesale dry goods, clothing, furnishing goods, hats and caps, millinery, notions. Theo.
L. Schurmeier, marshal.
2. Wholesale grocers, drugs, oils, baking powders, commission, crackers, confectionery,
crockery. Frank B. Howell, marshal.
3. Wholesale boots and shoes, leather and saddlery, stationery, hides and furs. George W.
Freeman, marshal.
4. Wholesale hardware, scales, and safes. Edward White, marshal.
5. Brewery, malt and bottling interests, wholesale liquor dealers and coopers, William Hamm,
Henry Stahlmann, William Banholzer, Arthur Koenig, Anthony Yoerg, Jr., Paul Hauser, Jr.,
James Allie, marshals.
6. Lumber interests, sash, doors and blinds und wood workers. J. P. Gribben, Gebhart Bohn,
marshals,
7. Agricultural implements, farm machinery, waeons, carriages and sleighs. J. H. Burwell,
marshal.
8. Coal and wood. Frank H. Pratt, George H. Brown, R. A. Carrington, James F. Dowlan,
marshals.
9. Mutical instruments, sewing machines, billiard table manufacturers, cornice manufac-
turers, iron works, boiler manufacturers, brickmakers, stonecutters, blacksmiths, terra cotta.
R. C. Munger, J. P. Moor, marshals.
10. Retail dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, carpets, paper hangings, furniture hats and
caps, gent's furnishing goods. C. F. Mahler, F. G. Ingersoll, marshals.
11. Retail grocers, hardware, gunsmiths, grates, crockery, harness, and leather, trunk
dealers, seeds. Maj. J. P. Pond, William Penner, Josiah Fairchild, W. A. Nichols, marshals.
12. Real estate, auctioneers, billiard balls, drugs, plumbers, casketmakers, bakers, florists,
gardeners, broom manufacturers, paints, ice companies, street contractors and men. Col. A. B.
Brackett, marshal.
The City of St. Paul has made such gigantic forward strides in compara-
tively a few months that the grand display of industries in the procession was
almost as much of a revelation to our citizens, as to the strangers within our
gates. Said the St. Paul Globe:
"In speaking of the magnificent appearance of the procession in its
entirety, no latitude of diction however extravagant can do justice. To
describe adequately its component features would require days of labor and
many issues of a paper equal in size to this edition of the Globe. Its superb
military, civic, industrial, manufacturing and jobbing features would have
reflected credit upon any city* in this country, not excepting Chicago or New
York. Said one cosmopolitan, a man of letters, to the Globe reporter,
"Your city is wonderful; it is the greatest town for its size on
the face of the earth." And he was right. In the procession every
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
3 2 . THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
art, industry, business, trade or species of traffic in trie world was
represented. The manufacturing, railroad and machinery display was
simply stupendous, while the display made by the wholesale and
retail merchants of St. Paul establishes their reputation as being among the
most foremost and enterprising business men in the world. < The ingenuity
manifested by the wholesale merchants in arranging their displays, and the
enormous extent of the exhibits, were really astonishing."
The procession occupied five hours in passing a given point and it was
not less than fifteen miles in length.
THE FIRST DIVISION.
A dozen policemen scouted ahead of the procession and cleared the streets, and on came the
pageant, with Gen. Sanborn, chief marshal, and aides at the head. Following these came a
platoon of thirty-two police unde* Sergeants Walsh and Morgan. Then came a hundred lads in
iantastic uniform, mounted as special aides, followed by the Fort Snelling band of twenty-five
pieces; the Ames Zouaves, who were warmly applauded; a battalion of the Twenty-fifth United
States (colored) infantry, 200 strong, commanded by Col. Gaines Lawson, an officer deservedly
popular. These troops were generally remarked for their proficiency and soldierly bearing.
Battery F. Fourth United States artillery, followed ninety strong, with four guns, commanded
by Maj. L. G. Smith. Twenty-five Sioux Indians in war paint, accompanied by squaws carrying
papooses, brought up the rear of this section of the parade, and were received everywhere with
warm applause and amusing expressions. The Great Union band, plaving splendidly, came gaily
down the street and received the plaudits of the crowd. Then the First regiment, led by Col.
Eend, marching superbly, and the Emmet Light Artillery, the G. A. R. and other war
veterans, fifty strong, brought up the rear of the First Division, and received the warmest
recognition.
THE SECOND DIVISION.
The fire department was the feature of the second division. Chief Black led the van, and
was followed by the Fire Commissioners in carriages and the several engines, hook and ladder
companies, trucks, hose companies and supply wagons of the department, all ready for instant
service in case of an alarm. The appearance of the engines and trucks was the signal for loud and
hearty commendation. ' The apparatus was polished to dazzling bril iancy, the appearance and
discipline of the force was admirable, and the whole display as made by the department was
certainly one of the principal features of the procession.
THE THIRD DIVISION.
The Ancient Order of Hibernians, 2fl0 strong, were a prominent feature of the third division,
of which Col. M. J. O'Connor was chief marshal. Their handsome uniforms admirably set off
the stalwart forms they encased, and the marching and general appearance of the society was
extremely good. A tableau in this division representing France and America, and Washington
and Lafayette, standing under the spreading branches of an oak tree grasping hands was very
effective, and elicited rounds of applause. The Rochester band furnished excellent music for
this division. The Knights of St. Paul, Union Francaise, St. Jean Baptiste Society, the
Knights of Labor, St. Venzee, St. John, Bohemian Turners and St, Albert so ieties followed in
regular succession, with an aggregate of 300 members, and received their meed of applause.
THE FOURTH DIVISION.
Andrew R. Kiefer was chief marshal of the Fourth division, for which music was furnished
by the Bohemian band. The St. Pa ;1 Temple commandery, No. 2, P. C, the German society,
Turner society. Druids, Sons of Hermann, Lucelbeurgia, and other civic societies, aggregating
500 persons, the whole followed by 125 butchers mounted, completed this organization.
THE FIFTH DIVISION.
The Fifth grand division, of which Gen. J. W. Bishop was chief marshal, presented many
novel and excellent features. The Great Western band furnished the music in its usual
admirable manner, and was followed by the employes of the Postoffice, numbering fifty persons,
consis ing of mail carriers; lady and gentlemen clerks, drivers, etc. Several wagons were arranged
as distributing offices, and the whole system of receiving and distributing mail matter was thus
portrayed. The principal feature of the Postoffice display was the original St. Paul Postoffice,
a box of a dozen pigeon holes. It was labeled: "1846. Total revenue, 3.43! Revenue 1883,
8183,954.82,"
"Largest Mail Route in the World."
Cook's transfer wagon, with fifty emploves, transporting trunks, valises; etc., marked for
different stations on the line of the Northern Pacific railroad between St. Paul and Portland, was
an interesting feature, and Adam Fetsch's traveling cigar manufactory elicited lots of applause,
especially when the cigars, as manufactured, were scattered among the crowds. The Northern
Pacific Express company made a fine display, and a simon-pure stage coach of the plans loaded
with emigrants, miners and the usual personnel of Western stage coach travel, was so true to nature
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. jj
that some spectators insisted on paying their fare and getting onboard. The American Express
company's wagons loaded with freight consigned to Pacific Coast stations, and a white buffalo
consigned to J. J. Hill, and the United States Express Company's wagons, also heavily ladea
with express matter, contributed not a little to the enjoyment of the hour.
But the leading feature of the day was the exhibit made by the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis
& Omaha Railroad Company, "the Royal Route." The passenger department of this route was
represented by a large float drawn by six Norman gray horses, furnished by the C. N. Nelson
Lumber Company. On the sides of the float were banners stating: "No change of cars East to
Chicago, South to Des Moines, or Southwest to Omaha and Kansas City." The banners on the top
of the float announced that, "The Royal Route is the only route running dining cars and smoking
room sleepers on all trains between St. Paul and Chicago." and surmounting these banners was a
large map, showing the line of the N. P] R. R. from Portland to St. Paul in connection with the
Royal Route. The display of the Mechanical Department of this railroad consisted of ten wagons
and 215 employes detailed from the extensive machine shops of the company located in this city.
Few corporations require the service of as many varied trades as are demanded by our great rail-
ways, and the "Royal Route" exhibited them all a panorama of industry. The first divisiom
bearing aloft the banner of the "Machine Shop" was led by a wagon tastefully decorated witk
bunting and flags, amid which was seen an engine lathe in motion, in the hands of a skillful
workman, the product of whose labor was exhibited in articles of gleaming brass and polished
steel. But like one of the "Royal Route" express trains, the procession moved along "on time,"
and quickly brought the second division, with the "Erecting Shop." Here with file and emery
the busy workmen were shaping and polishing the "rods," "links" and "pins" and other intricate
portions of a powerful locomotive. The succeeding division of workmen revealed the fact that
iron, brass and steel alone will not equip a railroad but that a "Carpenter Shop" finds a place im
our railway works. As the line moved through our streets the rough timbers were transformed by
the saw and plane into the shapely locomotive cab which was destined to protect the "Knights of
the Throttle" through many a stormy blast. Following the carpenters of course came paint,
varnish and gold leaf, and under the banner of the "Paint J3hop the wood work received it
finishing touches.
But the sound of many hammers rising above the music of bands draws everyone's attentioa
to the wagon representing the "Boiler Shop," upon which, amid the smoking forges with many a
blow on white-hot rivets the heavy plates of steel are linked together into a locomotive furnace or
firebox. The wagons following represented the "Blacksmith Shop," with two forges in operation
and workmen in heavy forging, and on either side of the decorations were placed two immense
gilded horse-shoes, surrounding the motto "Good Luck to N. P."
A wagon loaded with a large assortment of railway supplies tastefully arranged represented the
general storehouse of the company, and intimated how various must be the articles gathered in
the company's warehouses.
Closing the rear of this portion of the procession were three wagons from the Iron and Brass
Foundry which supplies this railway with castings. From a smoking cupola furnace on one of the
wagons the moulten metal was drawn into the molds of sand, and souvenirs of the day were
distributed among the spectators, consisting of medals and other articles cast on the march.
These varied vehicles were all tastefully and elaborately adorned, and bore the inscription:
"Machinery Department, C, St. P., M. & O. Ry.,"
and their exhibits contributed in no small degree to the success of the day's procession.
The St. Paul & Duluth furnished its quota in the shape of two wagons loaded wHh agricul-
tural products and artisans, respectively, the latter at work on railway machinery. There were
natural grasses from five to seven feet high. Grains of all kinds, "Products of the Great Lake
Route " The second wagon represented a repair shop in full working order.
E. D. Comings' allegorical picture, painted on a van. drawn by three fine gray horses, tandem,
and accompanied by a bugler, represented the scene at the driving of the last spike.
THE SIXTH DIVISION.
This grand industrial display, of which E. A. Young was chief marshal,
was of course the most interesting and instructive feature of the procession 01
which it formed more than one-half. It was a magnificent panorama of the
industries of a great city, and that it was thoroughly appreciated by those for
whom it was arranged, was demonstrated by the hearty and emphatic
expressions of wonder and pleasure it elicited. There were 725 decorated
Wagons and 4,300 actual participants. Every wagon on parade was highly
decorated, and with exquisite taste, but^confined to national colors or local
manufacturers principally, and with plenty of evergreens. The designs and
mottoes on the wagons were unique, and all referred to the Northern Pacific,
the Far West and the benefit to be derived by St. Paul from the opening of
the road. There was not a conspicuous attempt at advertising, but nearly all
united in making the display of St. Paul stocks pay tribute to the great
completed enterprise, the Northern Pacific railroad. Nearly all the wagons
3
3 4 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
were drawn by four horses. A detailed report could not be made complete,
but a good idea of the magnitude and effect may be gleaned from the
following:
The division was headed by the Pioneer Press wagon, on which was a large printing press
operated by steam, and supplying the demand for copies of an exhaustive review of St. Paul.
Thousands of pony copies were struck off and distributed.
Lindekes, Warner & Schurmeier Large wagon illustrating home industries; ten steam sewing
machines, at which girls wire making flannel shirts. A wagon containing fancy silks and ladies'
cloths was attended by clerks in evening dress. The cotton goods wagon had some small speci-
mens of the smaller colored brother and clerks. The white goods wagon was attended by clerks in
white clothes and hats. A Yankee notions wagon, well-filled had as its guardian a number of
salesmen in Brother Jonathan costume.
Habighorst & Sons, highly decorated fancy goods wagon with lady clerks.
Campbell & Burbank, wholesale clothing, two four-horse wagons loaded with gentlemen's dress
goods, and another with boxes for points on the Northern Pacific.
Gordon & Ferguson, wagon with bales and bundles of hides and furs for coats and caps piled
in a pyramid and surmounted by a huge buffalo. The second wagon was draped with robes and/ur
trimmings, and filled with men engaged in their manutacture.
Adam Fetsch, cigars and tobacco A large wagon, with golden bell in the center, symbolic of
the principal brand of cigars sold by the firm. Surrounding the bell were workmen engaged in
making cigars, which were freely distributed to the crowd lining the line of procession.
Auerbach, Finch & Van Slyck Represented by a total of twenty, four, two and single horse
teams of which ten were four horse drawing trucks enclosed and canopied with red, white and
blue cloth, while from the standards and all other available spaces were displayed flags, streamers,
etc., in profusion, while the interior was piled full of goods in the roll belonging to the different
departments. The truck devoted to the manufacturing department was a mammoth affair, the
platform extending many feet over the truck on either side, and bearing an engine operating a half
dozen sewing machines and a knitting machine, with ladv operators, making goods that will go to
make up future shipments. Sandwiched between these canopied department four horse trucks
were ordinary delivery drays, lo ided with boxed goods consigned to all parts of the world. Of the
department displays, the richest in material and most attractive was that of the carpet department,
occupying two trucks, one of which was designed to represent a drawing room, showing shades,
hangings, etc., the cost price of which exceeded $4,000. A deci "ed feature was a dray bearing the
sample trunks of the ubiquitous and never tiring traveling salesmen of the firm. Nat. Singleton,
checked through to Portland, Oregon, with the inscription, "Nat. Singleton, baggage checked
to Portland, via N. P. R. R. So long, boys." Another inscription was, "Pig's Eye to Portland,
via N. P. R. R.," and still another, "First shipment to China via N. P. R. R."
B. Sommer One wagon with mammoth boxes, containing notions and toys.
"Ward, Hill & McClellan Wagon filled with toys.
Powers, Durkee & Co. Six wagons loaded with flannels and cloth goods.
J. Oppenheim Wagons loaded with silks, satins and notions. Some in boxes and others
tastefully arranged.
Guiterman di Co. Exhibit of gentlemen's manufactured furnishing goods.
Albrecht, Lanpher & Finch Two large wagons joined together and loaded with furs. On
their first truck, covered with robes and neatly trimmed, drawn by four handsomely dressed
horses, were eight men dressed in different styles of fur suits, surrounded by all kinds of manufac-
tured goods. In the center of the first truck, was a huge reindeer, hitched to a snow sled,
connecting the first with the second truck, and bearing the motto: "The first mode of travel on
the N. P." The second truck had an open arched roofing, trimmed with furs in festoons, underneath
which was seated a hunter upon the carcass and between the antlers of a deer.
Young, Streissguth & Drake, wholesale dealers in hats, caps, furs, made a unique and
attractive display. The first wagon represented their salesman in China exhibiting his goods to a
native, two live bears in captivity serving to emphasize the nature of the business of the "Yankee
abroad." Their second was a combination of snow, cold and civilization, i. e., the trimming of
horses and truck was aground work of black, bespattered with cotton batting to represent snow.
On the truck surrounded by robes and furs, was a two-seated sleigh with driver dressed in furs,
the front seat of the sleigh being occupied by two "untutored red men," dressed in their war paint,
feathers, breech-cloths, blankets, etc., while opposite them sat two other "red men" over whom
the wand of civilization had passed, dressed in silk hats, cut-away coats, tight pants and pointed-
toed boots. Their third was a representation of the manufacturing department.
Allen, Moon & Co. presented seven wagons, one with six horses. All were driven by men with
red shirts and white helmets. The first wagon was filled with tobacco and cigars, and attended by
two Indians. Another wagon was loaded with tea, while a similar rig had coffee sacks. Two
tandem teams loaded with canned goods from California and Oregon, A wagon held a number of
large cables, which were tended by a sailor in the United Kates naval uniform. Their last wagon
was loaded with canned goods, fruits, sugar and notions. All the wagons were draped.
Holl & Paar Two wagons of general supplies.
Maxfield & Seabury Four wagons loaded wi'h teas, California canned fruits, Oregon fish and
general wholesale groceries. Teas labeled "Direct from Yokohoma and Hong Kong, etc." Fruits,
"From San Francisco via N. P. R. R. ; time 10}^ days; distance 2,600 miles." "Columbia River
Salmon from Astoria ; time 8 days."
Glidden, Griggs & Co. Wholesale grocers. This firm had the most ingenious display of the
whole division. In the forward wagon was a large engine made of the material of the grocery
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
35
36
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
trade. The drive wheels were made of tubs, the piston driving rod of a patent broom handle, and
the smoke stack of a waste paper basket. This locomotive was one of the most creditable features
of the whole grand procession. This was followed by a wagon built into a box car.
P. H. Kelly Mercantile Company Leading their phalanx were three four-horse transfer
teams loaded with teas of their own importation, each truck handsomely decorated with the colors
of the different nationalities, and bearing the inscription; "Occident to Orient, Japan to St.
Paul twenty days." Following came two decorated trucks, horses tandem, loaded with California
fruits and Columbia River Salmon, with the inscription: "Portland to St. Paul six days."
Following there was an immense four-horse truck enclosed in cloth combining the national colors,
and profusely decorated, representing the coffee and spice department of the house, in which was
a large force of employes engaged in putting up their celebrated brands of package coffee, viz.:
"White Seal" and "Old Reliable."
Beaupre, Keogh & Co. Wagons fixed up to represent the office; dried fruits and canned
goods staple, shipping and importing; and cigar and tobicco departments.
Yanz & Howes Wholesale grocers. Four wagons loaded with the various staple goods dealt ia
y the firm.
Standard Oil Co. Two great delivery tanks.
August Beck & Co. Cigars and tobacco in pails and packages, and attended by the cigar store
Indians, etc. The wagon was decorated with tobacco signs.
.1 >hnson Bros. & Loomis Hard wood mantels without number, and men engaged in their
manufacture,
A. Booth, oyster house Large wagon filled with oyster boxes and signs.
( Jardozo Bros. Two men on horseback, followed by wagon loaded with fancy furniture.
Minnesota Shoe Company Wagon with ladies at sewing machine at work on uppers and men
at work putting shoes together by machinery.
VV. II. Konantz & Bros. One four-horse wagon covered with horse blankets and below
exhibiting harness makers at work. This was followed by a smaller wagon containing fancy
harness.
Charles G. Schmidt Harness wagon, canopied and surmounted by small pony draped with
horse blankets and lap robes and occupied by harness makers at work.
St. Paul Rubber Company Rubber goods of all description and variety.
Merrell, Sahlgaard & Thwing Wholesale druggists; display of drugs, chemicals and oils on
two four-horse trucks finely decorated. ,
Northwestern Paint Company Paints, oils and varnishes.
E, F. Berrisford Crackers and confectioneries; five wagons.
Noyes Bros. & Cutler Importers and wholesale druggists; five wagons.
C. R. Groff Snowflake baking powders. A beautiful chariot, with pretty young lady sitting
on a high throne.
Conrad Gotzian & Co. Manufacturers and jobbers of boots and shoes. The firm had in line
two large wagons heavily laden with samples of the goods of the house. These were followed by
the employes of the firm to the number of 250. The various departments marched together, with
banners telling to which one they belonged.
Averill, Russell & Carpenter Stationery and papers. Three wagons, containing all kinds of
papers for building and general use, stationery, etc.; followed by wagon with boxes for the
Northern Pacific.
George D. Barnard & Co. Blank book manufacturers, had a wagon containing large blank
books, the center being formed by a large ledger two feet thick.
Joseph Ullmann Wagon filled with hides and buffalo robes.
P. R. L. Hardenbergh & Co. Harness and saddlery, four wagons. One drawing a workshop
with men at work, another finished goods and the others goods in bulk ready for shipment.
Charles Friend Harness and saddlery, one large wagon.
W. H. Garland Trunks, two large wagons; the first loaded with trunks, and the second fitted
up to represent the workshop, where men were engaged putting trunks together.
St. Paul Book & Stationery Company Omnibus with employes.
Bradner Smith Paper Company Samples of wrapping, printing and other papers.
Peyer & Lewis, hardware manufacturers Wagon containing stoves and men making tinware.
Mayo & Clark, hardware This firm had three wagons drawn by mules. The first contained
baskets and tin and iron ware, the second light agricultural implements and barb fence, and the
last dairy presses and agricultural machines.
Strong, Hackett& Co., hardware dealers Presnted four wagons. The first was in the shape
of a pyramid covered wjthll kinds of sporting goods and . revolvers, and surmounted by decoy
ducks. The base of the pyramid was guarded by a fence of rifles in stands. Three <to her wagons
were filled with general wholesale hardware.
F. S. Draper, hardware wagon with light hardware.
Nichols & Dean, hardware and heavv iron This firm sent out first a light go-cart, which was
followed by a huge anvil eight feet high, surmounted by a golden anvil. Two other wagons were
filled with hardware,
J. M. Brunswick & Balke Co., billiard table manufacturers, wagon with billiard table. Banner:
"The Northern Pacific R. R. and the Brunswick & Balke Co. discount the world. One spans a
continent with rails, the other with its sales."
A. K, Pruden. stoves and ranges, two wagons.
Biebighauser & Co., stoves and ranges, one wagon.
Burn ham & Jones, cement, drain and sewer pipe, three wagons.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. 37
Breuer & Rhodes, carriagemakers' tools and supplies and heavy hardware, two wagons.
Robinson & Cary, heavy hardware and railroad machinery, steam engines at work. Inscrip-
tion, "The great blow, N. P. 1883."
J. J. Dunnigan, plumber, with a large display of pipes, faucets and other various* articles
used in the plumbing trade.
Simmon's novelty shoeing shop, representation of a blacksmith shop. On the wagon was a
horse ready to be shod.
W. R. Burkhardt, guns and sporting goods, two wagons.
Harwell, Ozmun & Jackson, hardware and house-furnishing goods, four wagons. Inscription,
"First all rail shipment to Portland."
Adam Decker, wholesale hardware, five wagons.
Brand & Co., stoves and ranges, three wagons.
Chris. Stahhnan Brewing Company, brewers This firm presented a first class appearance. All
their wagons were driven by men wearing white high hats with a blue band. . The first wagon held
a huge beer hogshead, which was surmounted by a model Gambrinus; the three following -u a
contained large butts and ordinary beer kegs. Two other wagons contained the employes dressed
in blue overalls and drinking beer from old stone mugs.
Phil. Best Brewing Company Three wagons loaded with kegs, and boxes of bottled beer.
William Constans, agent Schlitz beer Three wagons.
B. Kuhl & Co., liquor dealers Two wagons, one with wine vats and one with kegs and boxes.
Theodore Hamm, Excelsior Brewery. The second wagon contained three targe beer tanks and the
third represented a garden scene, with two goats upon top, symbolie of the beer drank beneath t hem.
William Constans, brewer's supplied; three wagons.
B. Blatz, Milwaukee beer; one wagon.
P. J. Bowlin& Co., importers of wines and liquors. The two handsome casks of the firm
were loaded upon the third wagon.
Banholzer's North Mississippi brewery; tliree wagons.
J. W. Kline, cooper; representation of cooper shop with workmen plying their trade.
Murray & Allie, coopers, with coopers at work on barrels.
TheGruber City Cooper shops; wagon with busy workmen, followed by another containing a
large well curb labeled. "Made for the Northern Pacific."
Board of Education wagon had a mounted sign showing the seal of the board, the date of
erection of schools and valuation of school houses and sites 505,100. and the enrollment of pupils
by the year which is as. follows: 18 JO, 682; 1870, 2,689; 1880, 4,338: 1881, 4,80?, 1882, 6,725; 1883,
11,805.
Breen & Young, stone quarry, four-horse wagon, containing men dressing stone sidewalk ing.
St. Paul Wire Works, two wagons loaded with fencing screens, signs and cages.
Prendergast Bros., hardware and stoves,; a two-story shop in which men were busily at work
upon stoves and tinware.
Tipper & Kiesler, stoves and ranges; two wagons.
Kennedy Bros., guns and ammunition, with wagon representing a piece of light artillery.
Palmer & Smith, cut stone contractors; two wagons.
R. G. Dun & Co., Mercantile Agency; a mammoth ledger standing upright n a wagon.
Motto: "The Old Reliable. Jt comes high, but you must have it."
Walker, Judd & Veazie; lumber wagons loaded with various kinds of hard and sft lumber,
oommencing at a huge log and ending with'light pine laths and shingles.
J. DeGraw &Sons, lumber; two wagons, loaded.
Edwards & Holton, lumber mills; six-horse wagon with logs and three wagons with lumber
and shingles.
J. P. Gribben & Co.. lumber; two wagons loaded with dressed pine stacked in keystone form.
John Martin, lumber; four wagons.
C. E. Keller & Co., lumber; with four wagons, one 'bearing in largeOrman type the following
tribute to Mr. Villard: "Welcome to our German guests; long live Villard.''
Corlies, Chapman & Drake, hardwood lumber.
Mueller, Penderson & Co., manufacturers of sash, doors and blinds; three wagons.
8. E. Smith & Bros., manufacturers of stairways; two wagons.
Taylor & Craig; representation of saw mill, followed by fifty employes.
Bohn Manufacturing Co., lumber and manufacturing of sash, doors and blinds: lix-tara*
wagon containing three logs, four wagons of lumber, mouldings, and a model of a three-story liaiue
house. All the employes were in blue flannel suits.
T. A. Abbott & Co., sash makerfi; four wagons with doors, sash and blinds.
Wilson & Monkhouse, wood- workers - r two wagons; one with fancy house stracture and,
another with fences of wood and iron.
L. Rood, builder, fancy wood window cases ornamented with shavings, and ne wagon with
saws at work.
Wilcken & Romer, contractors; large carpenter shop, and another wagon with brick frame
and derrick; one with fancy sash and doors.
J. H. Schurmeier, manufacturer of wagons; very large blacksmith and cnrriage shop, nun at
work; four lines various kinds of wagont, buggies and sleighs in all conditions.
Blodgett & Osgood, Fisher refrigerator manufacturers; one wagon.
St. Paul Harvester Works; four wagons. Harvesters in full operation.
St. Paul Plow Works; three wagons.
Dennett, farm machinery; three wagons.
o
S THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
B, D. Buford & Co., agricultural implements; four wagons. A notable display.
Tusler, De Long & Co., farm machinery; three wagons.
Pilkingham & Co., threshers and other farm machinery.
Colbert, Hill & Co., wooden ware; two wagons.
C. B. Thurston; two wagons agricultural implements, lady driving hay rake and seeder at
work. Very novel and attractive.
A. Nippolt, carriages and sleighs; two teams.
Mahle & Suhlmen, wagonmakers; large wagon with men at work at their trade.
Wilson & Rogers, farm machinery; three teams drawing engine, an old farmer on reaper and
a hay rake.
Pollock, Donaldson & Ogden, crockery, china and glassware; two wagons.
T. S. McManu.s, candr, which was freely distributed to the children along the route.
Craig, Larkin & Smith, glassware; five wagons, one loaded with window exhibit of fancy
goods and with boxes.
McCarthy & Verplank, cigars and confectionery; two wagons, one containing candy-makers at
work and distributing taffy to the excited populace.
Union Roller Mills; wagon with Red Star flour.
Van Hoven Live Stock Company; three wagons with meat and employes.
Menk Bros., wholesale flour, grain and produce dealers.
Griggs Bros., general grain commision merchants.
Drake Brothers, arctic stores, model houses.
Union Yard stone cutters.
Grunhagen & Frey, manufacturers of Minnesota Cigar, turned out a large decorated platform
wagon drawn by four horses, with the platform occupied by a dozen or more cigar makers busily at
work rolling and finishing cigars, which were distributed en route. The. canopy over the plat-
form bore at the front the words, ''Manufacture Weekly Eighty Thousand Cigars,' at the rear the
firm's trade mark, a five-pointed star with a cigar on each upper corner, and on each side,
'Grunhagen & Frey, Minnesota Star Cigar Factory,"
Stone, retail grocer; three wagons.
Griggs & Co., retail grocers; two wagons.
B. Presley & Co., wholesale fruits, with the motto, "To the Fruit Growers of Washington and
Oregon Territories, shake." The exhibit also bore the inscription "We receive three car loads of
California fruit per week, three years ago we received but three per season."
Northwestern Fuel Company; twenty wagons.
St. Paul & Pacific Coal and Iron Company, A. Pugh, agent; twenty wagons.
John Dowlan, wood and coal; one wagon drawn by six spans of mules.
C. Herrmeyer, coal and wood; two wagons.
F. H, Pratt & Son, coal and wood; four wagons.
Superior Coal and Iron Company; three wagons.
J. Haycock, wood; two wagons.
J. A. Bailey, wood; two wagons.
Nathan Ford, musical instruments; large wagon with two pianos, two church and a cabinet
organ, two wagons.
Sansome Bros., builders; two wagons.
Thon & Hamm, Sunbeam flour; two wagons.
Griggs & Foster, wood; with engine and three wagons.
Griggs & Foster, wood and coal; fourteen wagons.
Smith & Lewis, wood and coal; engine and two wagons.
Dyer& Howard, musical instruments; four wagons, the first containing Steinway pianos, the
second brass band instruments in the shape of the letter "V" on high pyramid, the third miscel-
laneous and string instruments, and the fourth with piano makers at work.
W. W. Kimball & Co., musical instruments and organs.
American Sewing Machine Company; four wagons.
Domestic Sewing Machine Company; six small wagons and one drawn by eight horses.
Herzog Manufacturing Company; three wagons of wire work and fences.
Schnell & Upheber, wire fences and goods.
Fairbanks, Morse & Co., scales; one very large wagon. A wonderful display of scales, mills,
grocers' fixtures, etc.
E. E. Scribner, roofing and sheet Iron works; two wagons, one containing men at work on
huge zinc dome. This is the second largest firm in this line in the United States, and it supplied
cornices and roofing for nearly all the immense blocks shown in our illustrations.
St. Paul Marble Works; men at work cutting and polishing.
Minnesota Steam Marble Works; fancy marble mantels.
Lauer Bros., contractors; six-horse wagons, men at work cutting stone, mixing mortar and
erecting a house; another wagon with men drilling large stone.
W. Wenisch, stone mason; two wagons, men employed.
Andrew Schlitz, brick maker; wagon containing men making handmade brick.
St. Paul Foundry; seven wagons, containing fences, stoves, large castings, car wheels, black-
smith shop at work and casting makers.
Union Iron and Steel Works; four wagons, containing exhibit and men at work.
St. Paul Brass Works: two wagons, showing exhibit of work and men polishing and
making castings and moulds.
Kenny Bros., boiler makers; men at work on large wagon.
+0 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Washington Steam Engine Works; two six-horse wagons, containing large machinery and
castings.
Capital Iron Works; wagon with men at work on steam lathe.
Melgren, steel and copper plate engraving, with printing press at work.
American Manufacturing Co., machine pattern and blacksmith shop, with men at work,
Roger & Davis, steam fittings.
E. F. Osborne; four wagons, showing steam heaters and ventilators.
Lindeke, Ladd & Co., dry goods; display of fancy dry goods.
Mannheimer Bros., dry goods; three wagons, being a delivery wagon, one fancy goods and oe
of staple dress goods. The wagons were loaded with costly fabrics. One team was set apart for
valuable fancy silks and laces, displayed in a wonderfully attractive and showy manner. Besides
the silKs and laces there was a world of Persian goods of beautiful patterns, Indian shawls, moire
antiques, imported fans formed of graceful ostrich feathers and tips.
New York Bazar, ladies' dress goods.
Mrs. Lyles, Hair Bazar; four ladies in hack, showing effects of powder and false hair.
Eldridge & Ruff, two wagons showing fancy parlor furniture and an old couple in a fancy a*d
comfortable bed.
M. A. Bigford & Co., Hall's Safe & Lock Company.
C. C. Miles, Detroit safe and electric alarms; four wagons.
Leduc & Madon, carri age makers; four wagons.
George Powers, carriage and sleigh makers.
McMaster & Getty, druggists with large mortar, on which were a skull and cross bones.
Carl Simmons, druggist, with an old alchginist at work and boys preparing drugs; three
wagons.
Sattler Bros., clothing,
H. C. Crippen & Co., trunks; two wagons.
Frank Wenerka, carriage trimmings.
H. S. Temple, taxidermist; large display of stuffed heads, skins, etc.
Croonquest& Peterson, clothiers.
Berlandi & Bott, lithographers.
R. E. A. Whity, printer.
Robert Seeger, vapor stoves.
Edward Dahl, furniture.
A. Roedler, furniture.
St. Paul Furniture Co., furniture.
E. S. Norton, real estate dealer; five carriages and buggies.
A. B. Wilgus & Co., real estate; carriage containing model house.
P. T. Kavanagh, auctioneer; auction business in wagon at work. One of the mit CWiiv*
displays, auctioneer Doherty distributing tea direct from Japan.
Michaud Bros., grocers; five wagons.
Minnesota Bottling Co,; two large beer wagons.
C. J . Fiese, billiard table.
Myers & Finch, manufacturers of jewelry.
Bwedish Co-operative Association, grocers; two wagons.
Moss' retailgrocery.
J. C. Harrigan, grocery; four wagons.
Monfort & Co., groceries and wines. A mammoth display of fine goods.
F. Ducius, baker; two wagons.
Harrison & Co., clothing.
St. Paul Milk Company.
Beyer & Lux, contractors; ten wagons.
John Matheis, carpets, Turkish rugs and wall papers. In the rear wagon were several w4M*te*
engaged in sewing carpets, the van bei ng m ade to show a splendid interior with the most perfect
fttings of lace curtains, rich carpet, bei|(pful wall decorations, etc.
Boston One-Pric Clothing House.
Globe Clothing House.
Larson & Co., grocers; two wagons.
C. B. Hess, vegetables and canned goods; fiv wagon*.
John Kronz, vegetables; three wagon*.
Laundries ; four wagons.
Glob Tea Company; two wagon*,
THE ROUTE
taken by the procession was as follows: From Seven Corners down Third
Street to "Washington, up Washington to Fifth, down Fifth to Market, down
Market to Third, down Third to Broadway, up Broadway to Fourth, up Fourth
to Sibley, up Sibley to Seventh, down Seventh to Olive, up Olive to Kinth, up
Mnth to Jackson, down Jackson to Seventh, up Seventh to Wabasha, and
thence to the Capitol, where it dispersed.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. 4.1
SEEING THE CITY.
Half past eleven, the time for leaving, came, and still the end of the pro-
cession was far away. The guests could not wait to see more, and so several
sections of it were turned off down Third Street, and the carriages were driven
up to the park entrance to take the party upon a tour over the city. The guests
were speedily in their places, and under escort of the committee were driven
to various points of interest. t The beautiful upper plateaus of St. Anthony Hill
and Dayton's Bluff were visited and the magnificent views of Mississippi
River scenery, stretching away to Fort Snelling on the north, and to the
white cliffs, overhanging Carver's Cave and beyond on the south were fully
enjoyed by the distinguished guests. The colossal palaces of trade in the
wholesale district of the city were not forgotten and excited the liveliest
interest and fullest inquiry. In the afternoon the entire party gathered at
the Union Depot for the departure to Hotel Lafayette, where Mr. Villard and
his friends were the guests of J. J. Hill, Esq., of St. Paul, president of the St.
Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba Road.
As the Villard party was about to depart from the Union Depot in St. Paul
an incident of something more than transient significance occurred. A large
crowd had gathered about President Villard's car. In response to loud ca lis
Mr. Villard, Gen. Grant and William M. Evarts came to the rear balcony of his
car and bowed their acknowledgments. As the train was about to pull out
President Villard advanced a step and made a brief speech, saying:
Gentlemen of St. Paul: It is almost unnecessary for me to express to you my appreciation for
this kind and magnificent reception. You we II know that you have my heartielt thanks. I only
regret that I can not have all the citizens of St. Paul within reach of my voice, so that they might
hear my personal testimony to their hospitality. I will not say good-bye to you now, because I
shall never want to say good-bye to St Paul. lam going away from you for a little while, but I
hope soon to be with you again. I trust that in the future I shall not be required to spend so much
of my time in New York, as I have in the past. The necessity of remaining there to provide for
the financial necessities of the road is, I am glad to say, nearly over. It is now time to settle down
more in St. Paul the point from which the road is to be operated and see that it is managed so
as to reflect credit upon the company, as well as bring prosperity to your city and the great country
it traverses.
Amid the thunder of cheers and martial music the honored guests took
their departure for the lovely shores of Minnetonka lakes, impressed beyond
xpression by the grand celebration they had enjoyed.
r\ecepf lor) o| If pesi<acr)f /i^fi)
UF.
'HE festivities of the day were by no means closed at the departure ml
Mr. Villard and his guests, for a most important duty remained, the
reception of Chester A. Arthur, the President of the United States,
who, in response to an invitation from Mayor C. D. O'Brien, had
shortened his visit to the Northwest and hastened from the Yellowstone Park
as rapidly as steam would convey him to attend the celebration at the
eastern terminus of the railroad. The following report is from the St. Paul
Daily Globe:
Promptly at 3 o'clock a special train over the Northern Pacific railroad
arrived at the Union Depot bearing President Chester A. Arthur and the party
who have with him been on a tour through the mountain regions of the Went
and the famous Yellowstone National park. The depot and the street*
surrounding and adjacent, were crowded with people anxious to catch a
glimpse of his excellency and his distinguished companions.
** ' THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Tho committee of city officials who had gone to meet the party were met
at the car as it drew up by Mayor O'Brien and a .large delegation of our promi-
nent citizens, who were presented in due form, when, with little ceremony,
the party were escorted to their carriages. Within the depot a detachment of
the Twenty-fifth regiment was drawn up on either side of the main hall, and
as the President approached they presented arms. The President, locking
arms with Mayor O'Brien, marched down the aisle with head uncovered and
acknowledged the cheers of the multitude as he emerged from the Sibley
Street entrance and entered the carriage in waiting for him. As he emerged a
presidential salute was fired by the Emmet Light Artillery. In the carriage
with him were Hon. Robert T. Lincoln, Secretary of War, Mayor O'Brien and
Gov. Hubbard. In the carriage following were seated Lieut- Gen. Phil.
H. Sheridan, Gen. Alfred H. Terry, ex-Gov. Ramsey, and ex-Mayor Edmund
Rice. The carriages following were occupied by the remaining members of the
presidential party and local omcials besides officers of the army located in this
city and Fort Snelling.
Between the open ranks of the Twenty-fifth regiment the carriages
proceeded, escorted by a platoon of police under command of Sergeant Morgan,
and the chief marshal of the day, Gen. John B. Sanborn, and his aides, all in
brilliant uniform. The millitary presented a fine appearance and marched to
the inspiriting music of the regimental band. From Sibley to Rosabel, from
Rosabel to Fourth, and through the Northern Pacific arch, up Fourth through
the St. Paul & Omaha Company arch to Jackson ; from Jackson to Third ; up
Third to Wabasha, and from Wabasha to the State capitol the procession
moved , the fire department, Ancient Order of Hibernians and other civic
societies, followed by a large number of carriages, bringing up the rear of the
line. All along the route the president was received with round after round of
cheers, an honor which he acknowledged with dignity, frequently uncovering
in response to the salutations
ARRIVING AT THE CAPITOL
all the bells in the city pealed out a merry chime. The party disembarked at
the Wabasha Street entrance and proceeded without delay to the hall of the
house of representatives where the President held a brief reception and a large
number 01 prominent citizens were presented and received in a gracious
manner. A collation was served by Magee and ample justice was done it by
all present, especially the President and his companions who were wearied
by their long ride from the Yellowstone. Following this the President held *
public reception in the governor's room, and received several thousand citizens
who, entering at Wabasha Street passed through the room and out by the
Cedar Street entrance. This was continued for some time but the thousands
f people that had been continually multiplying about the capitol building
were increasing at a fearful rate until it was necessary for the President to
come out of the room into the main hall, where he continued to receive the
multitude who thronged around and seemed to double every minute. By
this time there had come to be
A DREADFUL CRUSH,
outside the capitol all along dowm the entrance to the grounds, even to
Wabasha Street. The jam caused by the people trying to get in was something
terrific and great fears were felt that some one might be injured. To avoid this,
and to satisfy the thousands upon thousands who were struggling to get in, it
w r as thought best to have the President go out on the broad steps of the west
entrance and show himself to the people. Gov. Hubbard preceded and
introduced the President. As soon as the latter stepped forward the crowd
broke into a shout which can be described only as an immense roar. Again
and again w T as it repeated Finally the President got a chance to get in a word.
:'
iSP
1 jh'sirii^ifH \\
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11 l.,.i '..-.I .,. .
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44 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
HIS THANKS.
On his waving his hand, as much as to ask the multitude for quiot, the
shouting ceased and the President spoke something as follows:
Fellow Citizens: I desire to thank you most sincerely aud cordially for this generous and
kind reception, and to express my wonder at all that I see here in this City of St. Paul. I think
it is not necessary for me to tell you that my warmest sympathies go with the accomplishment of
the great public work, which is the occasion of all this display and all this rejoicing, and in honor
of which you have engaged in this great celebration. Thanking you again for the kind reception,
I bid you good-bye.
The President immediately re-entered the capitol building, and soon after
emerged from the south entrance, where the carriages were in waiting. The
whole party resumed their seats in the carriages and were driven out on
Summit Avenue, and afterwards to the depot, where the President, Gen.
Sheridan and the Secretary of War reviewed the battalion of the Twenty-fifth
infantry, U. S. A., Col. Soldens. After this the President, Gen. Sheridan and
the whole party resumed their seats in the special train, and at 5:30 p. m. the
train moved out, amid the cheering of the crowd, proceeded to Hotel
Lafayette, where the part^ were the guests of St. Paul for the evening.
The President spoke in the most enthusiastic terms of his trip, and was
surprised at the magnificent proportions to which St. Paul has grown and the
many evidences of substantial prosperity visible on every hand, He stated to
a Globe representative that the city was by all odds the most metropolitan in
appearance of any he had visited East or West, save alone New York and
Chicago, and he looked to see this the greatest distributing point of the West.
The only regret he expressed was that his stay here was to be so short, and
that he could have no time to more thoroughly inspect the city and its indus-
tries. After the banquet the President and suite left for Chicago via the
"Royal Route."
IN THE EVENING.
The magnificent celebration was closed in St. Paul by a display of fireworks
of unusual brilliancy and splendor, on the island above the bridge. The
programme consisted of eighteen set pieces appropriate to the occasion,
interpersed with rockets and brilliant fires. The display which reflected
great credit on our home pyrotechnic artist, Mr. Schmotter, was enjoyed and
vociferously applauded by a massive audience. During the evening many
business houses and private residences were beautifully illuminated, and at
iMdiiight closed the grandest day in the history of St. Paul.
Ytyz (glperrjd j^etrjquel
,N the evening of the eventful 3d of September, the municipality mf
St. Paul entertained the honored guests of the day and many prominent
citizens of the city and state, at a banquet served at Hotel "J -a Fayette
which from a height of ninety feet overlooks the beautiful Minnetonka
twin lakes. This splendid hotel which has few equals in 1 he country,
and is the property of the St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba Railway, was
especially fitted for such grand affairs. The edifice which is 1,100 feet in length
and is a marvel of beauty, affords ample accommodation for 1 ,000 guests. To
the magnificent banquetting hall of this imposing summer palace the scene of
8t. Paul's festivities is now changed.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
MARKET HOUSE, CORNER SEVENTH AND WABASHA STREETS.
At seven o'clock the four divisions of Mr. Villard's railroad procession,
President Arthur's special and the special St. Paul train, had landed the
1 ,000 guests at Hotel La Fayette and the corridors and drawing rooms swarmed
with a happy throng, and it was indeed a notable assembly one including
more men of prominence and brains, than are often found together on any
one occasion in a lifetime. All around is
A SCENE OP ENCHANTMENT.
The grand hallway is brightly decorated, the principal display being in the
rotunda, from all the "balconies of which hung rows of bright-colored Chinese
lanterns, while. the pillars from the floor to the high roof are faced with
streamers, red, white and blue. But what is all this to the banquet hall? Here
is magnificence itself. Decorations rich and profuse, in which the prevailing
colors are red and old gold, have given the blank white waUs an appearance
most gorgeous. Along the cornices and across the ceiling, extend in graceful
festoons, cords of evergreen and streamers of drapery. All the spaces between
the windows are filled in with light emblematic shields, and mottoes and
4 6
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
emblematic devices cover such wall spaces as are left. The glare of the electric
lights is softened by the use of tinted globes, and thereby the effect of richness
is heightened. There is nothing tawdry or bizarre in the effect. All is in good
taste. When one recovers from the general impressions given by the scene,
he reads, in the details of the decoration, a grand scheme from which all the
possibilities of the great transcontinental highway are shadowed forth.. Upon
the right hand siie, on entering the hall, is a series of shields, in the national
colors, and bearing in their centers respectively the great seals of Minnesota,
Dakota, Montana, Washington Territory and Idaho. The shields are arranged
between the windows in order named. Upon, the opposite wall is a series of
similar shields, in the center of which are mottoes, as follows: Minnesota
"The Terminal State N. P. R. R. Mississippi and Lake Superior." Dakota
"The Granary of the world." This motto surrounds a sheaf of wheat.
Montana "Cattle on a Thousand Hills." Idaho "Gold and Silver are Ours."
Washington Territory "Ye Monarch of the "Forest" accompanied by repre-
sentation of a pine tree. Oregon "To the Orient The Pacific State."
ANOTHER SERIES.
Beyond these shields and filling all the remaining spaces between the
windows on both sides to the head of the hall, is another series, unon which
are inscribed respectively the names of the ten principal commercial cities of the
globe, namely: Calcutta, Bremen, Canton, Havre, San Francisco, London, Liver-
pool, New Orleans, New York, Hamburg. Each of those shields is painted with
the colors of the nation, in which the city named thereon is located. From
these shields representing the commercial cities extend wreaths of green and
streamers of red and old gold to the center of the ceiling, all being united in a
golden hub. All the shields are draped with flags, and over each is a wreath
of live flowers. The decorations at the head of the hall are even more elaborate
than any that have yet been described.
THE SPANNING BRIDGE.
Extending across the hall from side to side against the ceiling is a device
representing a bridge, the spans being made of wreaths of green. Along this
allegorical highway are the names of the termini and principal stations along
the Northern Pacific line St. Paul, Duluth, Fargo, Bismarck, National Park,
Helena, Puget Sound, Portland the background for the bridge is formed of
American flags at each side and the German and English flags mingling in the
center. In the midst of all is a large crayon portrait of President villard,
framed in a wreath of cut flowers, with the letters N. P. R. R. and H. V. on
each side. Above the portrait, in large letters and festooned with flowers and
drapery, is the legend "St. Paul Welcomes You." This completes the decora-
tion at the head of the hall. At the opposite end are the initials N. P. R. R.
and the monogram H. V. on each side of the entrance. The posts throughout
the hall are set off with the heads of buffalo, deer, elks, and specimens of the
various species of birds and animals which inhabit the region along the line of
the Northern Pacific road. Such w r as the banquet hall into which the city of
St. Paul invited Mr. Villard and his distinguished guests.
At about nine o'clock the guests filed into the banquet hall, passing through
the open ranks of a platoon of policemen under Chief of Police John Clark.
At a table on a somewhat raised platform running across the upper end of the
hall the most distinguished of the guests were seated, President Artnur
occupying the seat at Mayor O'Brien's left and Mr. Villard that at his right.
No time was lost in useless ceremony out the pleasing pastime of discussing
the appended elaborate menu was indulge 1 in while the Great Western Band
in a room at the rear, concealed by a massive silk curtain, discoursed delicious
music.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. 47
>iMENU.
Blue Points sur coquille.
POTAGES.
Bisque de crevettes. Consomme d'Orsoy.
Varies. mors D'oeuvre. Varies.
Petites bouchees au salpicon.
POISSONS.
Bass rayee a la hollandaise. Whitebait a l'anglaise. Concombres. Pommes croquettes.
RELEVES.
Selle de cbevreuil a la Cumberland. Jambon d'ourson au chasseur. Tomates farcies,
ENTREES.
Cotelettes de pigeonneaux, chevaliere. Petite pois francais. Poitrine de cailles a l'Andalouse,
Quenelles de perdreaux a la St. Hubert. Flageolets a l'anglaise.
Bellottines d'ortolans a la Perigueux. Fonds d'artichauts, lyonnaise.
SORBET.
Lucullus.
ROTIS.
Poule de prairie. Sarcelles. Salade escarole.
PIECES MONTEES.
Paniers garnis ux fruits. Pyramide en nougat. Chalet Suisse. Chapelle Turque.
Vues du Lac Minnetonka. Corne d'abondance.
Chemin de fer du Northern Pacific entrent dans le tunnel Mullen.
SUCRES.
Pudding a la tyrolienne, sauce sabayon. Glace napolitaine. Bavaroise au chocolat.
Petits fouxs assortis.
-
Fruits. From age. Cafe.
VINS.
teau Yquem. Amontillado. Johannisberger Cabinet. Chateau Cos d'Estournel, '74*
Roederer. Pommery. Chateau Lafite, '65.
Clos de Vougeot, Liqueurs.
After the substantiate had disappeared and wines had been substituted,
the season of speech making was inaugurated by Hon. C. D. O'Brien, Mayor
of St. Paul, who spoke as follows:
Gentlemen : Our banquet has been unexpectedly graced by the presence of his excellency, the
President of the United States, (Ap lause) I have the honor to propose the health of President
Arthur, the President of the United States, to be drank standing. (Applause.)
When the applause had in a measure subsided, President Arthur arose
amid renewed applause and spoke as follows:
president Arthur's address.
Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen: I thank you cordially for your kind greeting. I am glad to take
part with you in \hese festivities; the g'eat work, the accomplishment of which they seek to
commemorate, may well be celebrated with joy and thanksgiving. (Applause.) And, Mr. Mayor,
well may your beautiful and thriving city and her sister municipality, stanuing as they do at the
gateway of this new highroad of commerce which stretches far out to the sea, congratulate
themselves that they enter to-day upon a career of enlarged usefulness and prosperity. (Applause.)
Coining to you from that marvelous region which has been sometimes called "The
Wonderland of America," I traversed the thousand miles which intervene, along the rails of the
Northern Pacific Road. (Applause) Nothing that I have ever read, nothing that I have ever
heard, has so impressed me with the extent of the resources of the Northwest. It has convinced
me that the importance of this enterprise, which we are gathered here to honor to-night, has not
been over estimated even by its most sanguine friends. (Applause.) All hot' or, then, to the zeal
and energy which have given to that enterprise such triumphant success. (Applause.)
4 8
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Mayor O'Brien then delivered a speech of welcome and congratulation as
follows:
MAYOR O'BRIEN'S ADDRESS.
Gentlemen: There has devolved upon me to-night the high and valued privilege of extending
to you and each of you the sincere and cordial welcome of the city of St. Paul. If to the pleasure
your presence gives us there could he added another element, it is the occasion which has
assembled you, graced, as it has been, so unexpectedly, by the presence of the chief executive of
the United States. (Applause.) The completion of the Northern Pacific railway is an event of
most profound importance to us, as well as the whole Northwest, and is a fitting opening of our
history, that, as yet, has scarcely passed beyond its title page; and still, in the brief period that
has elapsed since the founding of our city, some work has been done to which we feel we may
point with pardonable pride, and which, first has made our beloved city the eastern gateway of
this new highway, for the commerce of the Pacific slope, (applause,) and which, next, enables us
to receive you to-night, in a manner befitting your deserts, and our desires in that regard.
(Applause.)
There sit with you to-night the men (still in the meridian of their lives) who, in their gallant
youth, with only hands and hearts, and brains to aid them, founded our city and this common-
weal! h so aptly named the North Star State. To them it seems but yesterday when the commerce
of Minnesota consisted of some barters in Indian furs, and when the stock-in-trade of our
merchants was contained in the pack strapped on the shoulder of some sturdy cotlrier-des-bois.
To-day, stately warehouses stand on the site of the traders' hut; our entire state resounds with
energy and activity; our commerce and manufactures flow in broadening streams beyond the
confines of the United States, and pour their surplus wealth upon the shores of distant Europe.
{Applause.) It is sometimes said that we western men are somewhat over-fluent and boastful i
our speech. Perhaps it may be true; but, while we talk, we also act, and the great captain who
honors us by his presence here to-night, (applause and cheers) will tell you of our western men in
the times that tried our nation, and say whether at Shiloh or the Wilderness, the words of western
men exceeded their brave deeds. (Applause.) Yes, we are proud; proud of our country, that so
well deserves our devotion; proud of our state, that shines the brighest star in the westward courso
of empire; proud of our beautiful and beloved city, our home that we have built with our ow
hands; and still more proud than all for her to greet you hereto-night, her honored guests, and
for the city of St. Paul to bid you a thousand hearty wolcomes. (Applause.)
For you, Mr. Villard, there is something more to add, and our city, though reasonably well
furnished with western orators, finds all too poor mere spoken words to give to you, as she would
desire, an assurance of the sincere esteem in which you are held; and so we have prepared
in more enduring type, that which we wish to say to you. And now, with your permission, and
for the good pleasure of these our guests, I will read it that they may hear.
To Henry Villard, President of the Northern Pacific Railway Sir: The occasion of your
present visit to our city, marking as it does one of the most important events in our history,
enables us in some degree, to express to you our full recognition and sincere appreciation of the
eminent public and administrative qualities displayed by you in bringing to an early and successful
completion that magnificent highway from the Pacific to the Mississippi, the Northern Pacific
railway; and that enterprise, so vast in its character and extent, so important in its effects om
the entire Northwest, and g indeed, the country at large, has long been an object of anxious
solicitude to our people; and when, during successive administrations of its directory,
we saw its ultimate completion delayed, its development arrested, and the great enter-
prise itself gradually diminishing to a mere field for speculation, we looked anxiously, yet
doubtful ly , for t he coming of some master mind for some one who fully appreciated the magnificent
character of that enterprise, who would bring to its prosecution the capacity and energy necessary
to insure its completion and success. You have done all this, and more. You have developed a
territory almost boundless in its limits and inexhaustible in resources, comprising even now many
States and Territories, and destined in our own time to bring into existence many new and
flourishing States and Territories to shine with fresh luster in the widening circle of those
jewels of our republic ; and in so doing you have so impressed your personality on this, your great
work, that you now deservedly enioy the entire and perfect confidence of all our people. It is our
great pride to evidence this esteem and confidence to you, to assure you that with you and witk
your name this greatest work of modern enterprise will always be associated ; and when the history
of your career shall be read by the millions who will inhabit the fair domains you have opened to
them, the name of Henry Villard shall shine brightly and without reproach chief among those who,
in high stations of responsibility, by enduring acts of public good, shall have deserved well of
their fellowmen; and on behalf of the municipality of the city of St. Paul, I have the honor to
beg your acceptance of this expression of their esteem, etc.
C. D. O'BRIEN, Mayor of St. Paul.
(Applause and cries for Villard.)
TNote. The above address to Mr. Villard was printed in red letters surrounded by a blue
border, on a banneret of heavy white satin, the back of which was of rich ruby plush. The
trimmings were of heavy gold coTd and a deep bullion fringe graced the lower end. The beautiful
emblem was provided with a fitting repository which consisted of a steel box 10x5^2 inches,
wrought in exquisite designs, and lined with polished oak from President Villard's birthplace. A
silver plate inside the cover bore an appropriate inscription. The whole formed one of the prettiest
onceits of the programme.]
ST PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
4-9
INTERIOR OF GkAjni; Or/ttRA HOUSE.
This magnificent house has just heen erected by Commodore W. F. Davidson. It has no superior
in the country. Its elegant auditorium seats 2 300, the stage is very spacious and the acoustic
properties are perfect. The above view is from a pen and ink sketch by W. H. Frisbie.
At the conclusion of the mayor's address, Mr. Thomas Cochran, Jr.,
proposed three cheers for Henry Yillard, president of the Northern Pacific,
and they were given with a heartiness that made the glasses rattle.
Mr. Villard, rising, spoke with some emotion.
nENRY VILLARD'S SPEECH.
Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen: I beg to say to you, in all sincerity, that I all but stagger under
the load, the debt of gratitude that has been heaped upon me during these last few days. Already
once before to-day I had occasion to protest that I was being honored beyond my merit. It has
been my good fortune to be called upon to conduct the enterprise that was started thirteen years
ago, under other auspices, to a successful termination, but I beg you to understand that there are
others who are entitled to great credit for the success of this undertaking. Circumstances called
me to the direction of the affairs of the Northern Pacific at a most auspicious time, at a time
when universal prosperity had returned to this country in consequence of the resumption of
specie payment, the time could not be more favorable than I found it, for the purpose
of providing the large capital needed to complete the enterprise; but for the auspicious time,
success would hardly have been possible. However, notwithstanding the favorable circumstances
ot the times, the enterprise would have slept, would have been buried out of sight, years ago, but
for the patience, perseverance and sacrifices made by my predecessors in the executive of the
Northern Pacific, and by their associates in the directory of the Company. Ifound a living body
not the dead body of "1873 a body that had be,en restored to full life, in consequence of the
iation of the $40,000,000 of general first mortgage bonds. That was consummated before I
succeeded to the presidency. That negotiation practically assured the success of the enterprise.
So THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
It is true that unexpected embarrassments arose after my accession to the presidency, but, with the
means in hand to build the line, they were readily overcome. It is as much due, I. believe, to the
efforts of those that preceded me, it is as much due to the efforts of those who have assisted me in
the prosecution of the work, that I have the satisfaction of celebrating with you to-night the
consumation of the enterprise.
On the 16th of July, 1881, I had the honor of delivering an address to the busirtess men of the
good city of St. Paul. In that address, as many of you will remember, I ventured to say tbattne
road would be completed, through to the Pacific Ocean, within two years and a half from that
day. (Applause.) The two ends of track were actually connected on the 22nd of last month; the
promise of two years ago was, therefore, more than fulfilled. (Applause.) But no*w, that the road
is completed, the principal task, after all, yet remains; that is, to make it a satisfactory enterprise
to our stockholders, to fulfill the expectations ot the communities that have looked forward to the
completion of the road as the opening of a new era of prosperity to them.
You all know that I am a most ardent believer in the great future of the Northern Pacific, and
of course, it is a great comfort and a great satisfaction to me that so many of you share this belief
with me; but, please remember that a great deal of work remains yet to be done; that a great deal
of patience will yet have to be exercised before your and my expectations as to the growth of the
enterprise, as to its practical results, in various directions, can be fulfilled. I think that lean
best discharge the debt of gratitude that the extraordinary spectacle of to-day has imposed upon
me by repeating the assurance that I have given this afternoon, that I shall use my power, as the
executive of the Northern Pacific, conscientiously and to the best of my ability, not on'y for the
good of our stockho ders, but for the good of all the country the material development of which
depends upon the Northern Pacific, (Applause )
I am fully impressed with the conviction that our prosperity must go apace with the prosperity
of the states and territories traversed by our lines; in other words, that our policy must be such as
to promote the growth of those states and territories, (applause) in order to produce a healthy
progress, and therein will be our reward.
If you will permit me to add, it has been a great satisfaction tome that there are more believers
in the Northern Pacific in the great Northwest than in Wall Street. (Great applause and eheers.)
And I feel satisfied that all the manipulations of Wall Street operators will not shake the faith of
the city of St. Paul, of the State of Minnesota or of any of the cities and states and territories
traversed by our lines, in the future of the Northern Pacific. (Applause.) I am glad that, for a
time at least, I fqpl emancipated from the demoralizing influences of Wall Street (Laughter and
applause.) I breathe freer here; my hopes for the future of the Northern Pacific are strengthened;
1 see the evidence all around me that my faith in its future is well founded, as well founded as
any human faith can be. (Applause.)
An English guest of ours remarked to me yesterday that this celebration reminded him very
much of the opening of the Suez Canal. I am free to confess that I can see little resemblance
between the two events. This celebration is the spontaneous outburst of enthusiasm of two free
communities. It is not artificial, it is not brought about by any undue influence, for effect, and is
therefore the more gratifying to me, and I am sure to all of my guests, (Applause and cries
of "Hear! Hear! Hear!")
The generous hospitality extended to our foreign and American guests calls again for acknowl-
edgment from me. I am sure that all of my companions on this trip will ever remember this
occasion, will ever remember the city of St. Paul and the hospitality of its citizens. (Applause.)
There are some topics that I know the citizens of St. Paul would like to hear from me about,
but I RESERVE THE OPPORTUNITY OF DISCUSSING AVITH THEM THE MEASURES WHICH THE NORTH-
ERN Pacific Company will take for the development of terminal facilities within the
city limits regarding which I understand there is so much general curiosity until my return
from the Pacific coast. There are other toasts to follow and other speakers to address you, and I
therefore beg to be excused. (Applause.)
The toast "The City of St. Paul, the eastern terminus of the Northern
Pacific Railway," was then proposed by General Johnson, and was responded
to by Hon. E. F. Drake, who spoke as follows:
E. F. DRAKE'S REMARKS.
In the year 1860, standing on the platform at the door of the capitol of the Ftate of Minnesota
in St. Paul, the sagacious and lamented stateman, Wm, H. Seward, whose far-seeing vision led
him to predict in advance the "irrepressible conflict" which ended in the great rebellion, maiie
another prophetic utterance which is equally certain to be fulfilled. His words were in substance
these: '-I find myself for the first time upon the high land in the center of the continent of North
America, cqui-distant from the waters of Hudson Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. Here is the place the
central place where the agricultural producU of this region of North America must pour oxd theft
tributes to the world. I h ive cast about for the future and ultimate seat of power of North America,
Hooked to Quebec, to New Orleans, to Washington, San Francisco and St. Louis for' thz future seat of
power. But I have corrected that view. I vow believe that the ultimate, last seat of government on this
great continent will be found somewhere not far from the spot on which I stand, at the head of navigation
of the Mississippi river ." The predictions of that far-seeing statesman have been realized in part
only. The seat of power and government of North,America has not yet been removed to St. Paul, but
we must be patient. (Laughter.)
57: PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS,
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
God's people have waited for thousand of years for the fulfillment of divine prophecy, and we
will wait in faith for the realization of this human prediction.
The agricultural wealth which he predicted should find its outlet to the world through St.
Paul is now pouring in a miglity volume, and will continue to move to an extent that will astonish
the world. Soon after the utterance of that prophecy I came to St. Paul, bringing with me the
first locomotive, the first cars, and the first rails ever brought to this State. (Applause.) St. Paul
was then a village, with a quiet population of 8,000 souls. She had a few manufactures not a
wheel moved by steam within the city. She had neither incorporated banks nor insurance
companies. She had river communication with the East, closed by ice for six months of the year.
Her prairies north and west had few inhabitants save the red man, the elk and the buffalo. It was
my fortune to complete the railroad from St. Paul to St. Anthony, and then began the march of
St. Paul to realize her destiny. Indulge me a few moments while I present some statistics
s bowing her present condition.
From the ten miles then built she is now the center of nearly 5,000 miles of direct tributary
roads. The daily passenger traffic to and from her union station is represented by 155 passenger
\ i a ins which arrive and depart daily. The freight traffic arriving and departing from the city is
almost beyond computation. Her population has grown from 8,0(0 to over 100,000, showing an
increase without a parallel. The actual attendance of the public schools is over 8,500 pupils, and
commodious houses have been built for their use. The operatives employed in the various
manufactories of the city now exceed 12,000, and the value of manufactures isabout 28,000,000.
The annual sale ; of her jobbing houses exceed 70,000,000.
The banking of St. Paul is now $6,270,000, and the current deposits in the vaults over
$10,000,000. The aggregate volume of business of the banks exceeds $116,000,000 annually.
St. Paul is now a great center of trade in lumber, which she distributes north, south and west to
points along the Missouri river. The political capital of the State is St. Paul. In the city is the
official residence and headquarters of the governor and executive officers, ihe supreme court of the
State and the district and circuit courts of the United States. The United States custom house,
office of the surveyor general and department for army supplies are all here. During the past year
there have been built in the city about 3,000 structures, at a cost of about $10,000,000.
The advantages of position of St. Paul fully justified the predictions of the statesman whom I
have quoted. She is situated at the head of navigation of the Mississippi river, 2,000 miles from
the Gulf of Mexico. She is connected by two lines of rail with Lake Superior, and by three lines
with Lake Michigan. She is the center of the most fertile district of the continent, and finally her
crowning advantage is, in the'language of the sentiment to which I respond "She is the eastern
terminus of the Northern Pacific railroad," which will pour into her warehouses not only the trade
of our own Northwest, but the rich trade of the Islands cf the Pacific and the Indies.
I will not weary yea with more statistics, but I cannot close without a few words about the
Northern Pacific railroad and the brave men who have built it. Through all the ages of the world
God, in his wisdom, has raised necessary men for great emergencies. Moses, the great leader and
lawgiver, came at the appointed time. When in ;he fullness of time the Suez canal should be built,
DeLesseps appeared, and amid sneers and predictions of failure, completed a work the control of
which now excites the envy of nations. The great Lincoln was given in our hour of need, and
Grant and Sherman to fight our battles seemed the gilt of a special Providence. By the side of
these great names posterity will place that of him who began and him who completed the great
highway of the world the Northern Pacific railroad. It is with pride that St. Paul can point to
her course toward this great work and toward those who built it. She has ever been its friend, and
in prosperity and adversity, amid the sunshine and the storm she has stood by its projectors,
approved their wisdom, admired their courage and defended them whenever as-ailed. It has been
the custom of mankind to perpetuate the names and fame of heroes and benefactors with earth
mounds raised by the savage, with rude heaps of stone in Bible lands, and in latter days with costly
monuments of marble and granite. It is a good custom and we should follow it. Now that this
great work is completed, let there be bsilt on the shores of Lake Superior a monument of enduring
granite, let it be massive, and let it stand where the first rays of the morning sun, as he rises from
the lake, may fall upon it, and dispel the damps and dews from its surface, and on that monument
inscribe in deep letters the name of "Jay Cooke." (Applause, and three cheers for Jay Cooke.)
Let another no less imposing be reared on the waters of the Pacific. Let it be placed where the last
rays of the setting sun may fall upon it as he sinks to rest in his "wigwam behind the Western
waters" and on that monument inscribe the name of Henry "Villard ; (great applause,) and may
these monuments remain unscathed by the hand of time, undesecrated by man, and endure while
"the long train of ages glide away." (Applause.)
At the conclusion of Mr. Drake's address, the next toast upon the pro-
gramme, "The United States Government, by encouraging the transcontinental
lines strengthens the Union," was proposed, and Gen. Johnson called upon
the Hon. M. M. Teller to respond.
HON. H. M. TELLER'S SPEECH.
Gentlemen : At this late hour of the evening, you will hardly expect me to enter into a discus-
sion of the proposition enunciated as a toast. I think, myself, it is self-evident that by govern-
mental aid and encouragement, the building of these great transcontinental railways strengthens
and cements the bond of union between the people of the different states. (Applause.) And the
completion of this road is not simply a material and financial advantage to Minnesota, to Dakota,
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. 53
to Montana, to Idaho, to Oregon and Washington, but to all regions of the country alike. (Applause
and cries of hear! hear! hear!) The social and political advantages that will be derived by the
daily intercourse of the people from Oregon and Washington, and all the states along the lines, with
the people of the states farther east and south, are far greater, in my judgment, than the material
and financial advantages to be derived, however great they may be. No people can long continue
in harmony unless they have similar ideas, similar sentiments, upon all the great underlying political
questions that go to make up a nation. (Applause.) These sentiments cannot and will not be alike
unless the people are so situated that they can interchange their views. (Hear! hear! hear!)
This great transcontinental railroad, with the other lines that have been completed, render it pos-
sible for the people of the distant Pacific coast to commune readily and freely with their brethren
of the east. Oregon clasps hands with Massachusetts, and California with Maine, and the people
that are sundered by thousands of miles become neighbors in actuality and in reality.' (Applause.)
This great railroad, that has been completed (the first that was suggested, of all the Pacific
lines.) now an established lact, traverses a country capable of maintaining millions of hardy,
enterprising and virtuous people; and when all the country that is tributary to it shall be filled
with the hardy, intelligent miner, the energetic farmer and the skillful mechanic, who will say
that the communion of these people one with the other does not and will not tend to perpetuate the
union of these states? (Applause.)
The government of the United States has dealt with this road with a munificent and bountiful
hand; it has given it an empire in extent wealth untold; and it now remains for the managers of
this great corporation to say whether it shall in all respects be that which Congress intended
when it gave this munificent grant to aid in the building of this road. If, as the President of the
road said a few moments ago, they shall adopt the policy that the interests of the communities
traversed by the road is the interest of the road, then, you may say the prosperity of this road is
assured, and the prosperity of the communities through which it passes is also assured, and no
man. sensible of the advantages of commerce and wealth, and of the interchange of ideas, and the
visiting of people from one section of the country with those of another will ever regret, however
great this gift may have been, that Congress bestowed it as bountifully and as cheerfully as it did,
(Applause.)
The next regular toast, "Our Foreign Guests. The Representatives of
Nations whose people are becoming the strength and glory of the great
Northwest."
RESPONSE BY HON. L. SACKVILLE WEST.
Gentlemen: On behalf of the distinguished Fnglish guests and myself, I undertake to return to
you my most sincere thanks for the cordial manner in which you have responded to the toast
which has just been proposed. I can assure you that the government which I have the honor to
represent in your great country, looks with delight upon the completion of the great enterprise
which we are here this evening to celebrate
Gentlemen: Commercial progress is the brotherhood of nations; it amalgamates races, it absorbs
nationalities, and it stays the curse of war. (Applause.) What grander end can the ingenuity of
man aspire to, than the opening of the resources of a fertile country for the benefit of mankind?
This end, it is safe to say, will shortly be accomplished by the opening of the Northern Pacific
railroad. All honor to its promoters, and may abundant success attend this great enterprise, in
which we are all so greatly interested. (Applause.)
Baron von Eisendecher, Imperial German Minister at Washington, was
then called upon to respond to the toast, "Our German Guests," and he spoke
as follows:
BARON VON EISENDECHER.
Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen: It is quite unexpectedly that I appear before you here, to
respond to the toast that has just been announced, lor, as you see, I am not on the regular list of
toasts, and therefore am not prepared. There are a great many among my countrymen here who
could much more ably express their sentiments and respond to the toast that has just been uttered.
However, as I have been requested, I am very willing, so far as 1 am able, to express to you my
sentiments, (applause,) and they are these: That I fully and entirely sympathize with the grea't
undertaking that we now inaugurate, for the first time, under the auspices of an old countrvman
of mine, Mr. Hnry Villard. (Applause.)
A great many Germans (my countrymen) are in this country now. They have found their
second home. (Applause.) I can tell y>u that when I came here to your part of the country, that
i"feit at home. (Cries of "Hear ! Hear!" laughterandapplau.se.)
What we have seen since we came to this region, I think my countrymen will agree with me,
are the results of honest labor, hard work and preseverance. (Applause.) If my countrymen,
the Germans, have contributed to the prosperity of the two cities St. Paul and Minneapolis I can
only be her rtily glad. (Applause.)
I can assure you that what I have seen (and I think my countrymen will agree with me,) hax
made me feel proud of those of my countrymen who remain here. I cannot help but feel a deep
S4 THE NOR THERN PA CIFIC RAILROAD.
respect and admiration for the ends attained here, in this part of the country. (Applause.) If
what we see has been the history of the past, gentlemen, what will be the future, when the great
event that we now celebrate is consummated, that is, when the Northern Pacific is opened and in
full operation?
Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen: I can only wish that your future will be as I see it in my
imagination. ("Hear! hear !" applause and cheers.) You will be the great centers here of
commercial enterprise, of agriculture, of commerce, of manufactures; and there is no doubt that
your interests in every way will be multiplied a hundred fold. That is what, in the name of my
countrymen present, I most heartily wish you. (Applause.)
The next regular toast, "The State of Minnesota," was responded to by
GOVERNOR L. F. HUBBARD.
Mr. President and Gentlemen : The official notice sent me by the committee on toasts of my
assignment this evening invites me to respond to the sentiment, "The Governor of Minnesota."
That would have been an easy duty to perform, as it presents a subject readily handled and soon
exhausted. But to do justice to the sentiment with which I am confronted by the printed pro-
gramme of the evening is quite a different matter. However, in either case I should assume that
it was your wish that our State be heard from on this occasion, and I am, therefore, glad to say a
word in that behalf. I believe the entire people of the commonwealth of Minnesota have an appre-
ciation of the event we are here to commemorate, and that they are animated by feelings regarding
it similar to those that have found expression in the demonstrations of to-day. Speaking for the
State at large, I feel that I am authorized to say that Minnesota heartily joins in these rejoicings,
and that she desires to render proper recognition and tribute to the genius of the man who has
brought to a successful issue one of the grandest enterprises of the present age. (Applause.) The
people of ourState have ielt an absorbing interest in this great work throughout its history, and
have ever had an abiding faith in its linal success. They have, looked upon it, in a sense, as an
enterprise of their own, for whose inc ption they claim some credit, and for whuse ultimate fate they
have felt much responsibility and solicitude. Our people ieel that they should receive as web as
tender congratulations on this auspicious occasion. (Applause,) We entertain great expectations
of the benefits resulting to us as a State from the completion of the Nori hern Pacific railway, and
the consequent identification with ner.interests of the gentleman and his associates who are the
guests of this occasion. We believe, gentlemen, we need but to make the resources of ourState
known and they will themselves attract the agencies required to develop them. While, therefore,
Ave greet you, gentlemen, most cordially as our guests, we shall expect to greatly inlerest you in the
various attractions of our State. We shall hope that the impression created by this brief
experience among us may be fruitful of good opinions on your part, and that the pleasantest
reminiscence of this most notable tour across the continent may be suggested by your presence in
the State which numbers among her many grand possessions and advantages the eastern terminus
of the Northern Pacific railway. (Applause and cheers.)
The next regular toast was "the Army, holding the savage in check while
the shores of a continent were united."
RESPONSE OF GEN. A. H. TERRY.
I have come down to the centre of the banquet hall, gentlemen, because I have been taught to
obey all lawful authority, (laughter) and I recognize you as the lawful authority here to-night,
(laughter.)
I thank you, Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen, in the name of the army, for the manner in which
you have tendered this toast. The recognition by such an assemblage as this of the part that the
army hr.s borne, the aid it has given for the construction of our great transcontinental highways,
is, for the army, one of the highest of rewards. (Applauso.) For the soldier, there is, and there
can be, no loftier duty, than the protection of hearts and homes, and the defense of Fatherland;
but, that duty brings with it much from which man instinctively shrinks, unless he be indifferent
to human su fieri . g, much that makes victory, even in a noble and righteous cause, only a little .ess
mournful than defeat. But, when the soldier is called upon, not to destroy, but to help to create,
when it is his duty to assist in the conquest of nature rather than the conquest of men, when he is
called upon to give his aid to help win the victory of peace and to share in the triumph ot labor,
to contribute to the triumph of labor and civilization, it is, indeed, a gratifying task. (Applause.)
It is not so brilliant a part as that of war, it does not dazzle the eyes of the multitude, but it
brings with it the happy thought that he has wrought no evil but rather a good to his fellow man,'
And this has been the part that the army has borne in respect to this great enteprise. It has borne
a comparatively humble part, for it has created nothing, it has simply held in check contending
forces, ill oruer to make it easier, perhaps I might say, to make it possible, that others should!
conquer. But in the knowledge that it has borne even this humble part, as well as in the applause
which has greeted its name here to-night, the army has its abundant and overflowing reward.
(Applause.) Again, Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen, in the name of my comrades I pray you to accept
my thanks. (Applause and cheers.)
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
55
fa the largest block in the city. It has 102 feet frontage and a depth of 140 feet. It is six
high above a deep basement, is constructed of red brick with stone trimmings, and cost its
owners, W. F. and J. H. Davidson, about $175,000. Besides three immense stores it has about one
hundred apartments in the upper stories. Commodore W. F. Davidson is now completing on
Fourth Street adjoining the side of his elegant opera house, another six story block 75x70 feet,
With three stores, and offices above. This will be a sort of "Barristers' Hall," as lawyers will mostly
occupy it. The same gentleman, who is doing more than any other individual to build up the city,
ha a spacious block bearing his name at the corner of Fourth and Jackson streets. This is
145x110 fe^t, is used for offices and yields an annual rental of $24 000. The new opera house, which
was opened by the Emma Abbott Opera company in September, is one of the best gifts of the
rising Commodore to the city.
.....
5 6 THE NOR THERM PA CIFIC RAILROAD.
"The New Northwest, its boundless resources, new thrown open for
development, will revolutionize the commerce of the World." This toast was
responded to by
HON. ALEX. RAMSEY.
After one of the governor's inimitably facetious introductions he proceeded
as follows:
In March, 1849, it pleased Gen. Zachary Taylor, then president of the United States, to appoint
me governor of what was left of the old Is ortliwest Territory, under the ordinance of 1787, which
was situated between the rivers St. Croix and Mississippi. Alter accepting the appointment of
governor of Minnesota, I found that there were but few white men residing in that portion belonging
to the old Northwest, while the rest of the Territory, between-the Mississippi and Missouri, was in
possession of the warlike Sioux. To our friends in the states of the Atlantic slope those of us who
were living within the sound of the roaring waters of the Falls of St. Anthony were supposed to
have reached the "ultima thule," or, in less classic phrase, the "jumping off place" of the cont nent;
but there, each settler was big with hope, and insisted that he was just stepping into a wonderland,
which sentiment designates as the new Northwest, a region destined to exercised a more potent
influence upon civilization than the old Northwest, which has developed into the mighty States of
Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin. The seal of the Territory of Minnesota indicated
the attitude of expectation of our pioneers by the representation of a farmer following a plow near the
Falls of St. Anthony, and watching an Indian on horseback moving toward the setting sun, with the
motto above, of the house of Dunraven, "Quo sursum volo videre" I wish to behold what is beyond.
By the conception and completion of the Northern Pacific railway this expectat ion is realized.
In concluding a message to the legislature of Minnesota in January, 1853, shortly vfter the Sioux
had ceded their lands between the Mississippi and M issouri, I used words whh h some thought were
not such as St. Paul in his address to a cer:ain governor called "words of truth and soberness.''
Dwellers in the East looked upon the language as that of one mounted on a winged horse a Pegasus,
or, as a type of that "spread eagleism,'' of the "West. But as I repeat those words to-night they seem
words of truth and soberness, and the prediction is more than fulfilled.
Alluding to the capital of Minnesota, I said: "Emphatically new and wild appeared every-
thing to the viewers from older communities, and not the least novel feature of the scene was the
motley humanity partially filling the streets the Indians with their blankets and painted faces,
and the red sashes and moccasins of French Canadian voyageurs greatly predominating over the
less picturesque costume of the Anglo-American race. But even while strangers yet looked, the
elements of a mighty change were working, and civilization with its hundred arms, was commenc-
ing its resistless and beneficent empire.
To my lot fell the honorable duty of taking the initial step in this work, by proclaiming on
the 1st of June, 1849, the organization of the territorial government of Minnesota, and the conse-
quent extension of the protecting arm of law over these distant regions. The fabled magic of the
Eastern tale that reared a palace in a single night, only can parallel the reality of growth and pro-
gress. That which is written, is written. The life of a shoit generation will realize it. In our
visions of the coming time raise up in magnificent proportions one or more capitals of the north-
Stockholm and St. Petersburg, with many a town only secondary to these in their trade, wealth,
and enterprise. Steam on the water, steam on the land everywhere fills the ear and the sight.
Railroads intersecting interlink remotest points. Let some deem these visions impracticable. Man
in the present age distains the ancient limits to his career; and in this country especially all pre-
cedents of human progress and growth of states are set aside by the impetuous, yet far-seeing,
originality of our fellow citizens.'
Since these words were uttered civilization has crossed the Mississippi, and at Fargo and Moor-
head on the Red River of theisorth, Bismarck on the Missouri, Helena at the gates of the Rocky
mountains, and Portland on the Pacific coast, are busy centers, with those factors of prosperity, the
factory, the church, the schoolhouse, and the daily newspaper.
^These and numerous other important points are connected by the steel rails of the Northern
Pacific railroad, the completion of which we celebrate to-night, because of its importance, and the
grand part it will plav in revolutionizing the commerce of the world. While ships found their way
to Virginia and New England, by a long route, by way of the West Indies, immigration was slow,
but when Gosnold discovered a new, short, northern route, there was a complete change, and pop-
ulation poured from the old to the new world. The northern route to the Pacific opens a short way
for the German, Scandinavian and other nationalities of Europe to the heart of the Rocky moun-
tains through a healthful and picturesque region, and transports to the doors of our merchants the
fruit of California, the teas and silks of Japan. To it, an immense fertile Northwest is tributary.
By it, the wheat of the valley of the Saskatchewan, and the wool from the northern branches of the
Columbia, and "cattle from" a thousand hills" will find a market. People will hereafter not ' e
grouped together by States or natural b mndaries, but as those who travel by the same road, and
the Northern Pacific will subdue Indian depredations, and link together the dwellers upon each
side of the international boundary, the 49th parallel of north latitude. Hereafter it will be easier
for explorers and pleasure seekers by way of the Yellowstone Park to visit the ancient countri* s of
Japan, China and India than to go byway of the Atlantic ocean, Mediteranean sea and Suez canal,
As the train with its luxurious accomodations and distinguished guests from many lands hastens
along, let lThe dwe]lers in the va i es ari & j n tn e rocks
Shout to each other, and the mountain tops
From distant mountains catch the flying joy.'
57: PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. 57
The next toast, "the city of Minneapolis," was responded to by Hon. A. A.
Ames, the Mayor of that city.
MAYOR AMES' SPEECH.
President Villard and Gentlemen of the Northern Pacific excursion party: I have two reasons
for feeling proud 01 the opportunity here afforded for responding to the toast "The city of
Minneapolis." First, the people of that city, by calling me twice to the office of Mayor,
have honored me. Second, Minneapolis has been my home for thirty years, and I have seen her
built from claim shanties to her pr.sent majestic proportions, with a population of 100,000
people. (Hurrahs and cheers.) Our city's growth has been marvelous, and in this age of progess
she stands as one of the wonders of the nineteenth century. Her situation at the falls of
St. Anthony gives the power of that once mighty cataract into her hands; labor, pluck
and capital have subdued and made obedient this great power. It now propels our mills and
workshops, in which, by the aid of skilled artisans, we prepare the products of the vast Northwest
for Eastern and European markets. Cotton was once king of the country; now it is wheat, that
mills in Minneapolis.grind 27,000 barrels of flour from every day. (Applause.) One of our guests,
while passing through our milling districts the other day, told the whole story in four wordv-.
when he exclaimed: "It's an immense bee-hive." Minneapolis has developed so rapidly from a
village to a metropolitan city that we have as yet not been able to entirely free ourselves from some
farmer ways. (Laughter ) The generation that is coming forward, with jostling ambitions, will
soon overwhelms us with a tidal wave of progress, wherein local strife and petty personal
ambitions will be swallowed up. The dawn of that pet iod approaches with the completion of the
Northern Pacific railroad and the advent of Mr. Villard. 1 he great Villard artery will soon begin
to beat with a flow of blood which will give life to the hitherto partially paralyzed northern portion
of our country. Minneapolis and St. Paul will share alike the results of this wonderful achieve-
ment- (Applause.) There will be wealth enough rolled into our laps to satisfy all, and then the
local jealousies now existing will be known no more forever. (Applause.) Reason will regain her
throne, and all will realize that the interests of St. Paul and Minneapolis are identical. That,
which benefits one necessarily benefits the other. ("Applause.) Minneapolis greets Mr. Villard and
his distinguished guests with a sincere and cordial welcome, I courteously extend to all of you
an invitation to call again and look us over more leisurely when you return from the Pacific coast.
Mayor O'Brien, allow me to thank you and the city of St. Paul for the courtesy you have shown the
city of Minneapolis by inviting its mayor, common council and prominent citizens to seats at this
banquet. (Tremendous applause and cheers.)
The tenth regular toast was as follows : "The Railroad System of Minne-
sota. The cause of the wonderful development of the State."
The Hon. James J. Hill, President of the St. Paul, Minneapolis &
Manitoba railroad, was called upon to respond.
ADDRESS OF JAMES J. HILL.
Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen: It is a great pleasure to me to meet you all here to-night, and
to join with you in celebrating the completion of the Northern Pacific railroad. It is especially a
great pleasure, because the railway over which it is my duty and my great pleasure to preside, is
most intimately connected with the Northern Pacific railroad. We are its nearest neighbor, and we
are, I hope, a fairly good neighbor. (Laughter.) While the roads are rivals in business, the rivalry
is, I know, an honorable and fair competiti* n. We have been able to meet Mr. Villard, and always
my intercourse with him, and the officers of his company, has been such as to warrant me in feeling
that in the future, as well as in the past, our work will go on together, each one seeking to develop
and open up new territory, taking ground to the front, step by step new territory in which each
can have its own field of usefulness to the public and to ourselves. (Applause.) And while we have
heard to-night .(and it is all deserved,) a great deal of -liaise sounded to the man who commenced
the enterprise the Northern Pacific railroad let me remark that it requires a great captain to
finish such a work; and I want to congratulate Mr. Villard on bringing to a successful completion
that noble enterprise. He has had to contend with difficulties, as every man in such a position
must; but the greatness of his success is commensurate with the magnitude of his undertaking.
Mr. Villard has brought it to a successful completion, (Applause) and I want to congratulate him,
because I know some of his difficulties.
Gentlemen, you have called upon me to respond to the sentiment: the development of the
State of Minnesota from its railroad system, etc. When I listened to our honored citizen, Gov.
Ramsey, and w^en I looked around and saw Mr. Rice and Captain Blakeley and our old pioneers
who came here in the hey-day of their manhood, when 1 :as a boy. I felt, gentlemen, that you had
called upon the wrong man. (Cries of "No! No! No!") 1 am sure that any words of mine would
be altogether superfluous. A great many of you were here before I came. I am surprised to find
how many men there are here who can s.peak for themselves in this mntt< r. It would be compara-
tively an easy thing to speak if I were addressing strangers, but I have got to speak by the carte
when I am speaking here. However, I wfll say this. In 1862 the first ten miles of road were
completed in the State of Minnesota; to-day you have over 4,000 miles of railway in the state, one
mile for every 250 inhabitants; and I say to you that it is all that any 250 people can support.
58
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Jno - Su mmers. Arch.tect& 0** E1V '
THE WINDSOR, CORNER ST. PETER AND FIFTH STREETS.
Thirteen years ago, T first visited the northern part of the State of Minnesota, and I had to make
my trip not because of the climate, but because there was no other means of traveling, with three
dogs. They* carried my little bedding and "grub sack" (as they call it on the frontier) 360 miles.
That was thirteen years ago. On Saturday last I came over the same ground, and it was almost an
unbroken wheat field. In one place I traveled, in a distance of 22 miles, through 120 square miles
of wheat, with only one-half section that was not cultivated. (Applause.)
Now all these things are brought by the construction of the railroad. Before a railroad was
ever thought of, and a great many centuries before, you had 1,532 miles of navigable water; and it was
used as best it could be. Towns grew up, but nobody ever thought of building a town unless it was
situated on a navigable stream or at the head of navigation; but when the railroads were
constructed the prairies were developed and the territories of the interior were opened up and
they could build their cities and towns on the plains as well as elsewhere. I do not desire to go on
and take your time, at this late hour, to tell what has been done by the railways in the State of
Minnesota; for me to do so would be to recite the history of St. Paul, Minneapolis, and every
town, village and hamlet in the state, and it would be too long a story.
Gentleman, I am glad, as I said before, to have the privilege of meeting you all here, I am glad
to be with you and to join you in celebrating this occasion: and I ask everyoncto join with me
in wishing in the future the present Manager, and the present Board of Directors of the Northern
Pacific railway, all the encouragement and all the success that they deserve. (Applause.)
At about midnight the cry "All aboard," warned the participants in this
elegant and remarkable meeting that it was time to leave the festiye hall. Four
monster trains, forming sections of the grand railroad procession, received
their distinguished passengers and rolled away into the night, destined to
achieve the most remarkable trip ever planned by man. Besides the prominent
guests fronvEngland and Germany before enumerated, there were among the
passengers, nine governors of states and territories, and four ex-governors ;
ten United States senators and three ex-senators ; twenty-six congressmen and
two ex-congressmen ; nine generals of the army, and several other distin-
guished officers ; fifty representative journalists ; twenty-five eminent railroad
men, and scores of the brainiest and most successful men in other walks in
life in the countrv.
e
6o THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
k)f |f qlvlIj ^prjjz r)o?iT)vd<zsi<iTr) yicf ropolis.
JSTT certainly did not require any phenomenal gift of foresight to predict for;
|1 St. Paul the grand commercial importance it has acquired, even from a,\
|] date so remote as that when Hon. William Henry Seward predicted it, j
^ 1860. The immense resources of the great Northwest were known and
speculated upon as early as the beginning of this century. So vast a domain
would certainly require one grand center, and nature had surely decreed that
it should be located at the head of navigation on the Mississippi River, the
largest artery of commercial operations in the world. Its location in relation
to the river makes it also the .natural terminus for railways, by which the
products of the most fertile country in the world are transported, to he
exchanged for the wares of the metropolitan merchants.
The garden is now open and the gateway is located. Wonderful as lias
been the advance made in the past three years, it is certain to be multiplied
many fold in the next decade. The broad fields of Northern Minnesota and
Dakota are not yet one-tenth tilled the development of the iron mines 01
North Minnesota and the search for the precious metals hidden in Montana,
have scarcely commenced, while millions of acres of beef-producing lands lie
ungrazed in the latter territory. There is no reason known at the present]
time to prevent St. Paul from overshadowing Chicago in five years.
THE SITE OF ST. PAUL
combines great natural beauty with peculiar adaptation to the requirements of
a large city. At this point there is a depression in the high bluffs which border j
the Mississippi. Within lies a great basin with a gentle ascent on two sides to
the breezy summits of the surrounding hills. This basin is marked out byl
nature for the business part of the city. Its lowest portion is occupied by
blocks of huge buildings devoted to the wholesale trade establised here. The
upper portion, nearer the foot of the steeper ascents, is devoted chiefly to)
retail houses, while residences climb the heights, and line the streets which I
stretch for miles along the plateaus extending back from the summits of the J
circling bluffs. The hill additions are the favorite sites for private buildings,
and along the summit of that which over looks the Mississippi River are miles of]
stately homes making it one of the most beautiful avenues in tne world. One'l
charm of St. Paul for visitor and resident alike is the entire absence of the!
tame and wearying flatness which marks so many of the cities of the west.
The city of St. Paul has long enjoyed vn enviable reputation as a health J
resort. Favored in common with other parts of Minnesota, with a climate ofl
exceptional salubrity, it has peculiar features of situation and topography that!
distinguish it as a naturally healthful city. Its elevated site and diversified!
surface make the construction of sewers an easy matter, and our already*
creditable system is being constantly extended. The city has been, durin M
the entire period of its existence, perfectly free from all epidemics andj
extraordinary diseases.
The following tables show T that St. Paul ranks among the healthiest citi
in the world. The official report of the death rate for seventeen years, fu
nished by Dr. Henry F. Hoyt, Health Officer, and the populations taken fro
"
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
61
PIONEER PRESS BUILDING, CORNER THIRD AND MINNESOTA STREETS.
he United States census in 1870 and 1880, the State census of 1875, and from
he school census and directory census for other years, shows as follows:
DEATH RATE OF ST. PAUL FROM 1867 TO 1883.
Year.
Population.
No. deaths.
Rate.
Year,
Population.
No. deaths.
Rate.
1867
15,000
101
12.70
1876
35.000
455
13.00
1868
16,500
250
15.15
1877
36,600
429
11.72
1869
18,000
289
16.05
1878
38,200
447
11.70
1870
20,300
358
17.60
1879
39,800
513
12.88
1871
23,000
298
12.91
1880
41,498
646
15.56
1872
28,000
660
23.57
1881
50,900
1,048
20.52
1873
29,. f 00
533
18.03
1882
75,835
] )>)
16.11
1871
31,000
564
18.19
1883
100,000
1,105
11.65
1875
33,300
448
13.41
The high rates of 1881-2 were occasioned by typhoid fever and diphtheria
md a neglect of sanitary precautions, and the lower rate of 1883 by increased
: anitary precautions and a more thorough cleansing of the city, resulting in
;he improved health of the city, the four months of July, August, September
md October, 1883, showing only 409 deaths against 608 during the same months
:f 1882, whereas the increase of 33 per cent, in the population should have
shown 802 deaths in 1883 instead of 499.
62
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Applying the same rate of improvement to November and December, the
deaths for 1883 are set down at 1,165 and St. Paul's death rate for the year at
11.65.
Compared to other cities, the rank of St. Paul appears by the following
table :
AVERAGE DEATH RATE OF AMERICAN CITIES FOR THE YEAR 1877.
Baltimore 21.25
Boston , 20.43
Brooklyn... 21.61
Buffalo 10.43
Charleston 24.34
Chicago 18.24
Cincinnati JL7.81
Dayton 12.29
Detroit 14.00
Elmira 14.53
Erie 13.71
Knoxville 14.72
Memphis 26.06
Mobile 24.14
Milwaukee 16.84
Nashville 29.37
Newark .'....23.17
New Haven 19.66
New Orleans 34.83
New York 24.36
Patterson , 24.28
Petersburgh 24.40
Philadelphia 19.02
Pittsburg 23.87
Providence 18.81
Reading 22.50
Richmond 21.93
Rochester 18!41
San Francisco .. 19.86
Selma 19.6'2
St. Louis 11.69
St. Paul n.72
Syracuse 13.20
Toledo 13.54
Washington 24.39
Wheeling 16.78
Yonkers 17.81
The world's average 22
Compared with country districts and older countries, where sanitary precau-
tions are applied under a well regulated system far in advance of American
cities, St. Paul still maintains the highest rank as the following figures show :
Fifty-one healthy districts in England, 34 years from 1838 to 1871 17.00
England and Wales 22.00
Liverpbol 37.00
Prussia 21.00
Italy 30.02
Sweden 20.03
France 24.02
Average death rate the world over 22.00
MINNESOTA, 1882, population, 900,000; number of deaths, 12,398; (official,) rate
per 1,000 13.77
Death rates increase with the density of population as (see England and
Wales, 22; Liverpool, 37;) St. Paul's death rate should be naturally higher now
with 100,000 population than in 1867-8, with 15,000 or 16,000, but it is lower. It
should be higher in 1883 than in 1881 and 1882, whereas the official figures
above show it has decreased from 20.52 per 1,000 and 16.78 per 1,000 to 11.65,
showing it to be the healthiest city of 100,000 population in the world.
The diseases causing the 85 deaths in October are reported by Dr. Hoyt as
1; typhoid fever, 5; heart disease, 4; hydrocephalus^; inanition, 3; inflamma-
tion of brain, 4; inflammation brouchi, 3; inflammation larynx,2; inflammation
lungs,4; inflammation peritonem, 2; inflammation pleura, 1; maramsus, 3-
paralysis,!; pyemia, 1; pyemia pulmon, 1; rheumatism, 1; rachitis, 1; tuter-
culosis, 1; tyhoidpulmo, 1; unknown, 1. g j
The five deaths from consumption should be explained by saying that St.j
Paul and this State are a great resort for persons in the incipient stages of con-
sumption, for which the climate is almost a specific, while many come too laiej
in the last stages of the disease, only to add an increased figure to our death!
rates.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
fjsr.
ills s
C ~ P *>
&IgB ft
2-2 B ss <<
Efts (-5
o P w (D K <
<- g 05
pings 5
8 ~! 2
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bSI* *
B^^o S
8 2^ g
"la- a
m B *
1:1 a
5 "* H
So a _, ^
S 3 a, QT3
_^ : !
6 4
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
(orowfr) ir) ffopulccfior),
j T. PAUL'S growth in population has been decidedly erratic. During the
year 1838, when Parrant began to make the history of the town, there
jgJN were but three white persons within the present corporate limits. It
- - < required no less than nine years' time or until 1847 to bring the
J ' population up to fifty souls. "Within two years, or in 1849, there was a
"boom" for the new trading post, and the number of people increased to 400.
Then came ten years of remarkable development, and St. Paul found itself
quite a metropolis 'in I860, with a population of 10,600. The five years follow-
ing were unpropitious, and the population in that time (1865) had increased
only 2,610, bringing the number up to- 13,210. Three years of rapid growth
followed, and in 1868 the city numbered 20,118 population. From that time
until the close of 1870 there was a decided lull in the affairs of St. Paul, as the
increase in inhabitants was only about 2,000. The succeeding ten years
witnessed a steady, solid development, and the year 1880 was ushered in" with
an estimated population of 40,000. The census of that year demonstrated that
the citizens of St. Paul were not given to exaggeration, for the actual returns
gave the official count at 41,496.
PHENOMENAL GROWTH.
From that year, 1880, dates a phenomenal growth ; an increase in popu-
lation never equaled by any American city of equal size. The figures given
are not mere estimates or guess work, but are the result of actual count or
canvass on the part of the publishers of the city directory and the postoffice
department. To state it briefly* and simply, the population of St. Paul has
considerably more than doubled within three years, as is proven by the fact
that the city directory of 1880, when the United States census placed the
number of inhabitants at 41,498, contained 16,399 names, while the directory
for 18S3 contains 35,351 names, or an increase of 18,952 within the specified
three years. This remarkable growth can only be appreciated when compari-
with the growth oi other cities is given in illustration:
PRESENT POPULATION AND COMPARISONS.
As before stated, the number of names in the St. Paul directory for 1883 is
35,351. In estimating population upon the basis of names in the business
directory, Chicago, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Buffalo and Kansas City use the
multiple oh, which, applied to St. Paul would give a population^ of 123,728.
Milwaukee, Indianapolis, Toledo-, Denver and other cities generally use the
multiple 3, which would give a population of 106,053. Indeed, estimating by
the very lowest and most conservative standard, 2.}, and St. Paul is assured of
88,378 inhabitants, or an equal number with Indianapolis and over one-third
more than Kansas City. However, the increase in names in the city directory
within the past year, is most surprising, when comparisons are made with
other cities and the difference in size of the respective places is taken into
consideration. For instance, the increase in names in the Chicago directory
for 1883 over 1882 is but 3,450, while that of St. Paul's is 5,017. Toledo shows
an increase of but 2,145 names, and Milwaukee (which claims to be growing
fast) only 4,459. In other words, St. Paul is the most rapidly-growing city on
,the continent to-day, having adtually added more persons to its population the
past year than has Chicago.
ST PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. 65
LINDEKES, WARNER & SCHURMEIER'S BLOCK, COR. OF FOURTH AND SIBLEY STS.
A massive structure of red brick with stone trimmings, occupying 100x130 feet and having four
stories and two basements. The firm engages in its wholesale dry goods and manufacturing lines,
eighty-three men and about three hundred girls. The business aggregates millions of dollars annually,
extending over a vast territory. They have very advantageous connections with foreign markets.
THE FIGURES.
Herewith is presented a tabulated statement of the yearly growth -of St.
Paul's population.
INHABI-
YEAR. TANTS.
1871 24,200
1872 . 25,500
1873 27,023
1875 33,178
1880* 41,498
1881 50,900
1882 75,835
1883 P123,728
1883 1106,053
1883 **88,378
YEAR.
1838..,
1847.,
1849..,
1850*.
INHABI-
TANTS.
3
50
400
. 840
1855 4,400
1857 9,973
1860 10,600
1865 13.210
1870* 20,300
!
* United States Census.
P Using Chicago multiple, 3.
f Using Milwaukee multiple,
* Using multiple 2$.
66 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
VALUATION OF CITY PROPERTY.
The increase of wealth in St. Paul has kept pace with its surprising strides
in population. The assessed valuation of real and personal property in 1880
was, for personal property, $8,827,753; real estate, $21,040,634. In 1882 the
personal property had advanced to $10,040,538, while the real estate was
assessed at $30,454,499. For the present year the personal property valuation
will reach $15,000,000 and real estate $45,000,000. These valuations, of course,
are given upon the assessor's scale, which, on the average, rates all classes of
property at less than one-half its real cash value. In round numbers it may
be given that the actual wealth of St. Paul exceeds $150,000,000.
In this connection it should be stated that the fact of low assessment of
property, especially realty, is proof that taxation is comparatively light.
a
ail road ar)d W ale r Oysferrjs,
j T. PAUL is the acknowledged railway center of the Northwestern system.
s " sl Nine great railway corporations make this city their headquarters and
chief terminal point, or a principal terminus. One hundred and fifty-five
passenger trains run in and out of the St. Paul Union Depot daily. Of
the great railway centers of the country, New York is the chief for the
Eastern system, Chicago for the Central Western, Cincinnati for the Southern,
St. Louis for the Southwestern, and St. Paul for the Northwestern. In actual
importance as a railway center, St. Paul now ranks third, Chicago and New York
alone leading. St. Paul has achieved this importance during the construction
of the Northern Pacific; and with that system perfected and completed the
future railway development of the city can scarcely be estimated. The present
railway system makes directly tributary to St. Paul the entire northern half ot
Wisconsin, with its lumber product of over 2,000,000,000 feet annually, and the
now developing mineral resources of that region; the commerce of" the great
lakes that centers at Duluth; the agricultural and other products of Southern
Dakota, Minnesota and Northern Iowa; the forests ana mines of Northern
Minnesota; the vast and varied productions and resources of Manitoba; and
the present and prospective development of Dakota, Montana, Idaho, Oregon,
Washington Territory and Alaska. A field such as neither New York nor
Chicago ever dreamed of monopolizing as the chief financial and commercial
center. This railway development is practically the result of about ten year's
labor; for, in 1873, the Northern Pacific was as much a failure as it now is a
success.
It is only by considering in order the railroads which diverge from St.
Paul like the spokes of an enormous wheel, that an adequate idea of their vast
reach and their importance as outlets for the whole Northwest can be obtained.
On the North and Northeast, two separate systems run directly to points upon
Lake Superior, thus furnishing connection with the water transportation of
the chain of the Great Lakes. The St. Paul & Duluth, connecting St. Paul
with Duluth, at the head of Lake Superior, runs a direct line of 155 miles,
and forms the last link in the northern water route to the Atlantic seaboard.
The North Wisconsin division of the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha
connects St. Paul with Ashland and Bayfield on Lake Superior and doubles the
facilities for reaching the east and west line of water transportation for the
continent.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN- TERMINUS.
67
ALLEN, MOON & CO.'S WHOLESALE GROCERY HOUSE, CORNER THIRD
AND SIBLEY STREETS.
This is a handsome yellow brick block, 75x125 feet, having five spacious stories. It is one of
tke leading houses in its line and does a very large business throughout the northwest.
Turning a little further to the east and south upon the circumference of
the circle, the through connections with Chicago and the East are reached.
The northernmost of these trunk lines is the Chicago & Northwestern, and the
Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha, forming one line under one manage-
ment between Chicago and St. Paul. The Omaha operates 1,149 miles of road.
The Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul, the enormous system which controls and
operates over 4,509 miles of road, has two independent lines from St. Paul to
Milwaukee; the one known as the River division, following the Mississippi to
La Crosse, and thence running east across Wisconsin; the other, known as the
Iowa and Minnesota division, striking south through Southern Minnesota and
Northeastern Iowa, then turning eastward to the same objective point,
Milwaukee, whence Chicago is reached over a common track. Still farther to
the south, the Rock Island road pierces, and enters St. Paul over the track of
the Minneapolis & St. Louis. < These -great through lines join St. Paul directly
by rail with the systems terminating at the principal points upon the Atlantic
seaboard. Besides the Southern connections for St. Louis that are a part of the
68 THE' NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Rock Island and the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul, there are the through
lines of the Minneapolis & St. Louis, the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, and
the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Northern, tapping the South and Southwest,
and putting St. Paul in communication with all the principal railroad centers
of that region. To these must be added, on the Southwest, the St. Paul &
Sioux City, a part of the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha system,
penetrating to Omaha and connecting with the central transcontinental" route,
and the Hastings and Dakota division of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul,
which lays tributary the whole of Southern and Central Dakota.
Important as is the system already outlined, it is the connections on the
North and Northwest that deserve especial notice, both because of the
immense extent of territory which they reach, and because they bring the
resources of this territory directly to St. Paul, which is their terminal point.
First of these stands the Northern Pacific, the greatest railroad enterprise of
the age, uniting the city of St. Paul with Portland and Tacoma, and complet-
ing the long-projected northern line across the continent. The main line is
1,911 miles in length. Branch lines in Oregon, Washington, Minnesota,
Dakota and Montana, completed or under construction, aggregate a length of
2,000 miles, making a system of not far from 4,000 miles of trunk lines. To
St. Paul, as the eastern terminus, belongs the commerce of the vast region thus
made accessible, and here will be the connecting point for the through traffic
from ocean to ocean.
Second to this in length, though scarcely in commercial importance, is the
system of the St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba, with about 1,500 miles in
operation and 70 miles under construction. From St. Paul one of its lines j
runs in a northwesterly direction to Breckenridge and thence to the boundary '
of Manitoba, and another by way of Fergus Falls to St. Vincent, where it
connects with the Canadian Pacific. Numerous branches on the East and
West sides of these lines penetrate the rapidly developing country of the
Northwest. This road is the outlet of the Red River Valley, and the vast
extent of fertile territory which it drains, and connections with the Canadian
Pacific give it a prominent place, not only in the railroad system of Minnesota
and Dakota, but also in that of the whole nation.
Of the lines which have been mentioned, the Northern Pacific, the St.
Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba, the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha,
and the St. Paul & Duluth, make this city their terminal headquarters; and
the three first named have erected here commodious and substantial buildings
for their general offices. The local improvements made in St. Paul during the
last year by the railroads aggregate $830,000. Most important, however, with a
view to the future of the city, is the purchase of large tracts of land, aggrega-
ting about four hundred "acres, in the northern part of St. Paul, by the
Northern Pacific road for its terminal passenger and freight depots, shops,
cattle yards, etc., and to afford transfer facilities with its Eastern connections
on a scale co-extensive with the anticipated magnitude of transcontinental
traffic. The new stock yards are intended to accommodate the cattle trade with
Montana, which promises to make St. Paul one of the chief cattle markets of
the Union. The importance of St. Paul as a railroad center may be partly
measured by the following business statistics of the Union Derjot: Number of
passenger trains arriving and departing daily, 155; number of pieces of baggage
handled per day, 3,500; estimated average number of passengers arriving and
departing daily, 14,000. Seventeen tons of United States mail are handled
daily from incoming and outgoing trains, and 200 freight cars per day are
transferred in the yards of the Union Depot. But the railroad transfer business
of St. Paul is chiefly done at the halfway transfer station, where nearly all the
East and West lines connect for that purpose. The amount of freight received
and shipped at and from St. Paul *or the year ended June 30, 1883 (not through
freight), was 2,291,407 tons.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
6 9
P. H. KELLY MERCANTILE CO. BLOCK, CORNER THIRD AND SIBLEY STREETS.
This great grocery company occupy a five story building 150x125 feet. There are one hundred
and ten men employed and the annual sales are enormous. This building is in the same block as
the Union Depot.
Local improvements by various roads during 1882, cost: Northern
Pacific, $250,000; St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba, $484,500; St. Paul &
Omaha, $71,000; St. Paul & Duluth, $12,500; Union depot, $12,000. Total,
$830,000.
The number of miles of railway constructed in the United States during
1882 was 11,000, of which 2,400 miles, or more than one-fifth is credited to the
system centering in St. Paul. The cost of the building and equipment of the
2,400 miles of railway added to the St. Paul svstem in 1882, estimated at
$25,000 per mile, gives a total expenditure of $60,000 000. This amount of
building will be quite equaled this year. Just now there is a hot contest on the
part of several Eastern and Southern railway corporations to be first to extend
their lines into St. Paul, and it is about certain that five new roads will run in
here next year. They are the Wisconsin Central, the St. Paul & Eastern
Grand Trunk, the Green Bay, Winona & St. Paul, the Cannon Valley, and an
entirely new and direct route from Chicago to St. Paul. Not less than fourteen
distinct railway corporations will make St. Paul a principal terminus before
the close of 1885.
7 o THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
WATER COMMUNICATION.
While dwelling upon the network of railways which intersect each other
at St. Paul, the line of communication which nature has furnished, and which
first gave the city a local habitation and a name, must not be forgotten.
Secondary in importance though river be to rail, it first connected the people
of St. Paul with the outside world, it remains the route for cheap transporta-
tion of bulky commodities, by competition regulates traffic rates, and it is
destined to rise to greater influence in the future, when plans of improvement
now contemplated or actually under way shall have been carried out. From
St. Paul the Mississippi flows uninterrupted to the Gulf. The system of East
and West water transportation on the North is met by the system of North and
South transportation at its doors, and no small portion of the products of the
Northwest will find their way down the river to the sea. The carriage of
grain by barges has already become a great industry. The United States has
begun a system of reservoirs on the head waters of the Mississippi, the object
of which is to store up water during the season of abundant rains and of high
water on the lower river, and to release it when the period of low water
begins, thus securing a channel deep enough to admit of continuous naviga-
tion to St. Paul at any season of the year. One of these reservoirs is already
approaching completion and others are under way. If they accomplish the
results which those best skilled in engineering science predict, the Upper
Mississippi will be as valuable to commerce as the lower portion of the great
stream. Boats of heavy draught can come and goat stated times without fear
of low water, and the barge Rystem for transporting wheat, the practicability
< >f which has been already demonstrated, will be used to convey the product
of the fields of the Northwest down the river to where ocean steamers await it
at the Gulf. There is little doubt that the time will come when to be situated
at the head of navigation will mean as much as it did in the days of early
settlement. It is claimed that the feasibility of an all-water route from St.
Paul to Europe has been sufficiently demonstrated, and only needs develop-
ment to make it a settled and important feature of American foreign
commerce. At the present time there are fifteen or sixteen steamboats plying
regularly to St. Paul from Southern river points and from points on the St.
Croix River. Business is constantly increasing on the river route, the
freighting of 1882 exceeding that of 1881 by 3,614 tons, and the passenger
business of 1882 exceeding that of the previous year by 40 per cent. There
were during 1882, 158 arrivals of steamboats, and the business this season is
fully up to that standard.
* )t |f etui's Wholesale |i)
usir)ess. *
wgk T. PAUL'S reputation as a commercial center is absolutely fixed at the
head of all Northwestern competitors. The special pride of the city is its
wholesale business. For a time in the early history of the town, persons
in trade both wholesaled and retailed, and it was not until 1856 that the ;
first distinctly wholesale grocery house was established by Mr. Bruno
Beaupre. In 1859, P. F. McQuillan & Co. organized a wholesale grocery house,
and toe same year William Lee established his jobbing house in dry goods. ]
The great dry goods house of Auerbach, Finch & Van Slyck had its origin in the
house of Justice & Forepaugh, established in 1856. The real development of the
wholesale trade of St.' Paul, however, dates from the close of the war of the \
57: PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
7i
rebellion in 1865. At that time there were but a few houses in business, and a
trade of $100,000 a year was considered a marvel of success. From that time
the wholesale business developed rapidly, and in 1870 the sales amounted to
$9,813,000. In 1878 the volume of business had increased to $31,939,500, and
St. Paul was acknowledged to he a formidable rival to St. Louis, Chicago and
Milwaukee for the trade of the Northwest. In 1881 the sales aggregated
$46,555,999, and at the close of 1882 it was found that St. Paul contained no less
than 276 first-class wholesale houses, 54 of which each did a business ranging
from $100,000 to $250,000 annually; 40 ranging from $250,000 to $500,000; 10 from
$500,000 to $1,000,000; 4 from $1,000,000 to $2,000,000; and 6 aggregating
$19,466,334 during the year. The volume of business in 1882 aggregated the
magnificent total of $66,628,494, surpassing that of 1881 by $20,072,495. The
grocery trade alone increased $7,133,000, and the sales of lumber more than
doubled. There was a heavy increase in hardware sales, exceeding that of
1881 by nearly $2,000,000. 'Grain and commission business also gained
$1,500,000 over the preceding year, and the dry goods trade showed up
$1,000,000 better than in 1881. The employes in the wholesale lines number
4,684, an increase of nearly 100 per cent, over the year before.
COMPARISONS OF 1882 WITH 1881.
KIND OF BUSINESS.
C i
2 "5
1882.
cu .
I"
Amount of
sales.
Increase
over
1881.
c4
"A
8
72
14
70 ,
7
93
3
72
14
40 ;
2
.46
6
49
3
57;
7
137
4
124
12
368 !
3
186
4
44
43
82
9
385
o
8
16
248 i
4
57
5
26
2
21
17
1,525
9
5i
7
116
5
66
7
60 1
5
176
2
30
16
100
40
426
276
4,684
Agricultural implements
Beer
Blank books, paper
Boots and shoes
Cigars and tobacco
Clothing
Coffee, tea, spices, etc
Crockery, and Glassware
Confectionery, fruit, etc
Drugs, paints and oils
Dry goods, and notions
Fuel and pig iron
Furniture
Grain, flour and commission
Groceries
Guns and sporting goods
Hardware, stoves and heavy iron .
Hats, caps and furs
Hides and furs
Leather, saddlery
Lumber
Live stock
Machinery and mill supplies
Musical instruments
Provisions ,
Sash, doors and blinds
Trunks and valises
Wines and liquors
Miscellaneous
Total
$1,910000!
1,088,154;
1,236,056|
2,825,000!
650,300!
800,000 ;
692,0001
474,000
1,471,250
1,760,000
9,144,500
2,888,334
455,000
5,875,736
13,533,000
150,000
3,982,940j
1,175,000
800. "00!
626,000'
3,439.622|
2.492,144
1,: 98,200,
429.000 j
1,209.0001
692.CO0!
200,000
2.331,484
3,002,148
8440, 000
263,656
386,056
321,722
14,382
1507660
6,000
816,250
215,000
1.000,500
831,757
280,000
1,468,264
7,183,000
60,000
1,677,940
415,000
200,000
*208,374
2,091,622
*432,856
363,512
319,000
1,023,000
342,000
75,000
251,484
*504,540
866,628,494 820,072.495
* Decease.
[Miscellaneous includes billiard tables, brooms, brewers' supplies, bricks, fish, junk, jewelry,
lime and cement, oysters, papers and periodicals, printing materials, rubber goods, steam heating,
upholstery, undertakers, vinegar, wagons and carriages.]
72
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Great as was the increase of 1882 over 1881, it will be greatly exceeded by
that of 1883 over 1882. The writer has ascertained, through interviews with a
large majority of the wholesalers, that the actual sales of goods for the first
nine months of this year to October 1st amount to an average rate of
'ncrease of at least twenty-five per cent, giving over thirty per cent, for the
year, making for the old concerns $86,617,041, while the acquisition of new
houses in almost every line of trade, will swell the grand total to an amount
much over $90,000,000.
Through the courtesy of the mercantile agency of Messrs. R. G. Dun & Co.
we are enabled to give the following interesting and thoroughly reliable
figures: In 1879 their reference book showed that there were 570 business
houses in St. Paul, including, of course, wholesale and retail : On September
1st, 1881, the books showed 1,030 houses, and in October of this year1883
1,825, an increase in two years of 1,225 business concerns I Taking the
minimum of capital we have the following astounding result:
5 houses, responsibility over $1,000,000 $5,000,000
'6 " " 750,000 4,500,000
17 " * " 500,000 8,500,000
33 " " u 300,000 9,900,000
51 " " " 200,000 10,200,000
70 " " " 125,000 8,750,000
107 " " < 75,000 8,025,000
162 " " 40,000 6,480,000
268 " " 20,000 5,360,000
405 " " " 10,000 4,050,000
545 " " " 5,000 2,725,000
$73,490,000
The above include only home concerns and no foreign ones that have
branches in St. Paul.
IMPORTATIONS.
Over fifty firms in St. Paul are importing heavily, as goods bought at
foreign points and brought in bond to this city can be sold much cheaper
throughout the Northwest than those breaking bulk at New York or Chicago.
The receipts of customs show most significantly the rates of increase of
business.
The following table shows the increase for three years:
1881.
Total
from all
sources.
1882.
Total
from all
sources.
1883.
Total
from all
sources.
January I $1,711 90
February ^.\ 3,847 55
March I 1,126 96
April ! 2,471 37
May | 3,570 65
June 2,324 67
July I 4,466 53
August 1 1,257 20
September 3,582 26
October 754 96
November i 3,581 78
December | 2,140 00
Total ' 831.835 83
$2,009 37
4,022 65
2,740 60
3,312 49
1,442 17
3,468 68
2,843 75
7,792 96
5,129 09
3,434 45
5,477 50
3,574 67
$45,247 78
$3,631 36
7,337 41
6,070 21
2,500 31
4,972 57
3,782 74
8,520 75
7,951 28
9,630 86
3,333 07
$57,730 56
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
73
MAXFIELD & SEABURY, WHOLESALE GROCERS, CORNER OF THIRD
AND SIBLEY STREETS.
Avery solid and handsome granite block 94x150 feet, the firm occupying 64 feet of the Third
Street frontage, and Merrell, Sahlgaard & Thwing, wholesale druggists, the remainder. The business
done is in advance of many leading grocery houses in larger cities.
The total income from all sources this year will easily reach $66,000,
according to what is already known to be purchased and in bond. Following
are receipts for 5 years:
1879 $11,821.56.
1880 16,789.63.
1881 *. 31,835.83.
1882 45,247.78.
1883 66,000.00.
Among the goods imported through our custom house this year were-
500,000 pounds of tea on which there is no duty. St. Paul is now, with the
opening of the Northern Pacific Railroad, destined to become the great
primary tea market, and the largest tea depot on the continent.
74-
TH E NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
/*i<a:r)utdciu
ures. *
T. PAUL'S reputation as a financial and commercial center has been so
pronounced as to convey the impression that it was not in any sense a
manufacturing city. The average citizen, indeed, rather disclaims
freatness for the town in this direction, and yet the facts prove that St.
'aul's manufacturing industries have not only kept pace with financial
and commercial lines, but have actually exceeded in growth the very interests
the city is wont to boast of. The development of St. Paul's manufacturing
lines during the past ten or twelve years have been really phenomenal. In
1870 there were but eighty-eight manufacturing concerns within the corporate
limits, employing 985 persons and turning out $1,611,378 worth of products
annually; yet the close of 1882 showed 694 concerns, 12,267 employes, and a
yearly product of $22,390,589. It will thus be seen that the ratio of increase in
manufactures has been fully equal to that of other developments.
KIND OF BUSINESS.
Agricultural implements
Awnings and tents ..-
Boots and shoes
Bookbinding
Brooms and brushes
Brewers, malters and bottlers
Blacksmiths and wheelwrights
Bricks and tile
Cigars
Contractors and builders
Clothing
Coffees, spices and baking powders
Crackers and bakery products
Confectionery
I'rugs, chemicals and oils
Furs
Furniture and upholstery
Flour and grist milling
<4unsmithing
Harness and saddlery
Iron architectural
Jewelry and watchmaking
Millinery and lace goods
Marble and stone cutting
Mineral waters
Machine shops, foundries and boiler works.
Printing and publishing
Photography
Railroad repairs and car making
Sash, doors, boxes and planing mills
Slaughtering and meat packing
Tin, hardware and stoves
Trunks and valises
Type foundries
Wagons and carriages
Miscellaneous
Total.
u a
o k
Si o
1 S
<VJS
& .2
m
S3
if
~
2
380
$864,000
3
45
136,000
21
383
828,877
6
85
. 85,877
6
' 42
55,250
18
1 ^
807,856
15
! 67
46,900
9
203
/ 158,900
' 772,000
30
489
126
3,382
4,159,860
75
1,139
1,781,166
6
119
793,104
22
V 238
800,500
9
75
266,000
13
68
328,900
6
137
222,300
24
253
504,000
7
85
1,447.000
3
20
22,500
15
119
226,950
2
61
109,498
2
' 10
18,000
17
J 71
87,330
14
1 124
125,000
4
24
24,000
15
398
646, 960
38
1,064
1,404,480
11
36
59,640
3
1,256
1,345,209
14
425
499,500
60
240
1,440,000
14
122
217,820
106
150,000
32
275,000
22
330
594,000
58
459
1,086,400
694
12,267
' $22,390,589
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. 75
The increase in the number and variety of manufacturing establishments
is known to be remarkably large but the display made in the procession of the
M of September, was a great surprise to the best informed residents of St.
Paul, so many new industries, the existence of which was unknows to them,
tvere presented. In the following table the estimate for 1883 is very
conservative :
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
No. Estab- No. Value of
vear. lishments. Employes. Products.
1870 88 985 81,611,378
1874 216 2,155 3,953,000
1878 332 3,117 6,150.000
1880 542 6,029 11,606,824
1881 667 8,188 15,466,201
1882 694 12,267 22,390,589
1883* 725 17,000 33,000,000
Estimated.
A large number of newly projected enterprises which are certain to be
established immediately will more than double St. Paul's manufacturing
interests.
IRON INTERESTS.
The Minnesota Iron Company, capital $10,000,000, has located its head-
^uarters in St. Paul. The mines of the company are located at Vermillion
<ake, to which point the company is now building a railway, to be completed
this season. The Vermillion Lake ores are hard hematite, or the true Bessemer
ore. The quality is not surpassed by the best ores of the Michigan peninsular
district, while the deposit is supposed to be the largest ever discovered. The
business of this great corporation is to be done in this city. The output from
the mines will begin August 1, 1884. To quote from a special report to the
St. Paul Chamber of Commerce:
The Minnesota Iron Company will be a producer and shipper of iron ore
in the summer of 1884, and by the year 1885 will be a very large shipper. In
this connection it is proper to state that recent developments in the River
Falls district, Wisconsin, have demonstrated the existence there of iron ore in
large quantities, which is directly tributary to the city of St. Paul. This ore
can be produced at River Falls, Wis., and laid down in the city of St. Paul at
a very low price. It is a class of ore eminently fitted and adapted to be run
in a furnace in connection with the ores from the Vermillion district, which are
of a very high grade, and first-class Bessemer ores. There is no reason why,
with the opening up of the River Falls, iron works should not be constructed
at St. Paul for the manufacture of Bessemer steel rails and merchant iron.
The St. Paul Foundry Company, which has a capital of over $1,000,000,
has just completed an immense new foundry having a capacity of sixty car
wheels and fifty tons of other castings daily. It will employ over 300 men and
is by far the largest establishment of the kind west of Chicago. Its equip-
ment will be of the most perfect character.
7 6
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
% cWr)!^]
93'
^HE banking capital of the St. Paul National banks in 1882 was $2,200,000.
To-day the capital of the National banks in the city amounts to $5,570,431 ;
and this sum exceeds by $1;402,979 the combined capital and surplus of
ALL OTHER NATIONAL BANKS IN THE ENTIRE STATE OF MINNESOTA. The Capital
of the State banks in St. Paul is $700,000, making a grand total,- for both State and
National banks in this city, of $6,270,431. This latter sum is nearly $500,000 in
excess of the combined State and National banking capital of all the banks in
Minnesota outside of St. Paul; a showing which not only ranks this city as the
financial center of the Northwest, but as one of the leading monetary centers
of the country. The annual official reports of the various St. Paul banks
indicate that all of them are in a sound and flourishing condition.
The capital of our national banks, which was $2,200,000 in 1882, has been
increased to $4,700,000, with a surplus of $870,431, making an aggregate of
$5,570,431. This exceeds by 1,402,979 the capital stock and surplus of all the
ether national banks of the State of Minnesota, as appears by the report of the comp-
troller of the currency for 1882, a table of which, with the capital stock and
surplus of each bank, is here added :
First National Bank of Austin, capital $50,000 00
Surplus 10,000 00
First National Bank of Brainerd, capital 50,000 00
Surplus te 4,000 00
First National Bank of Crookston, capital 50,000 0';
Surplus 2,025 22
Duluth National Bank, capital 50,000 00
First National Bank of Faribault, capital 50,000 00
Surplus 10,000 00
Citizens National Bank of Faribault, capital : 80,000 00
Surplus 11,000 03
First National Bank of Fergus Falls, capital 75,000 00
Surplus 10,000 00
Fergus Falls National Bank, capital 60,000 00
Surplus 25,000 00
First National Bank of Glencoe, capital 50,000 00
Surplus 300 00
First National Bank of Hastings, capital 100,000 00
Surplus , 34.000 00
First National Bank of Kasson, capital 50,000 00
Surplus 16,000 00
First National Bank of Lake City, capital 50,000 00
Surplus 16,000 00
First National Bank of Mankato, capital 76,000 00
Surplus 177 48
Citizens National Bank of Mankato, capital 75,000 00
Surplus r , 10,000 00
First National Bank of Minneapolis, capital 600,000 00
Surplus 65,000 00
Northwestern National Bank of Minneapolis, capital 1,000,000 00
Surplus 50,000 00
First National Bank of Moorhead, capital 60,000 00
Surplus 7,900 00
Citizens National Bank of New Ulm, capital 50,000 00
Surplus 5.000 00
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
::__
aiANNHEIMER BROS. BLOCK, CORNER THIRD AND MINNESOTA STREETS.
Is 76x150 feet, five stories, built of blue sandstone, witb brick annex 50x100 feet, three stories
nigh, for dress and cloak making. Retail dry goods business and large direct importers of choice
goods. Employ altogether 200 people.
78
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
First National Bank of Northfield, capital 50,000 00
Surplus 16,000 00
First National Bank of Owatonna, capital 60,000 00
Surplus 12,000 00
Farmers National Bank of Owatonna, capital 60,000 00
Surplus 7,000 00
First National Bank of Red Wing, capital 100,000 00
Surplus 20,000 00
First National Bank of Rochester, capital 100,000 00
Surplus 32,000 00
Rochester National Bank, capital 50,000 00
Surplus 23,000 00
Union National Bank of Rochester, capital .. 50,000 00
Surplus 10,000 00
First National Bank of St. Peter, capital 50,000 00
Surplus 10,000 00
First National Bank of Stillwater, capital 250,000 00
Surplus 50,000 00
Lumberman's National Bank of Stillwater, capital 250,000 00
Surplus 50,000 00
First National Bank of Winona, capital 50,000 00
Surplus : 10,000 00
Second National Bank of Winona, capital 100,000 00
Surplus 26,000 00
S4, 167,452 71
VOLUME OP BUSINESS.
The volume of business of St. Paul banks establishes the city's claim to the
position of financial center of the Northwest. The increase in business during
1882 over 1881 is in proportion to the advancement in all other classes of St.
Paul's trade and traffic. To arrive at the exact volume of business transacted
in 1882, recourse is had to the official figures, which show :
Deposits $10,600,254
Loans 14,001,675
Volume exchange 91,577,450
Total $116,179,379
By comparing the above with the official figures of the preceding year,
1881, i f is found that the loans increased $3,669,675, and that the volume
of exchange for 1882 surpassed that of 1881 by $21,777,450. To arrive at a
total volume of banking business, many cities, in making reports, double the
sum of ceposits, loans and exchange, considering that a fair estimate of actual
transactions. If the same rule was adopted by St. Paul, the volume of
laanking business would appear to be $232,358,758.
NEW BANK BUILDINGS.
The German- American National bank, with a capital of $2,000,000, is now
erecting one of the largest and most costly banking buildings in the West.
It is located at the northwest corner of Fourth and Eobert Streets, and will
have a combined frontage of 250 feet. The structure will be raised five stories
above the basement, and will cost between $150,000 and $200,000. It is
the intention of the builders to make the edifice one of the finest yet built in
the Northwest.
The First National bank, capital $1,000,000, is building a very fine banking
house at the northwest corner of Fourth and Jackson Streets. Its combined
frontage is 140 feet, and it will be four high stories above the basement. It
is the most solidly constructed structure in the city, and will cost between
$90,000 and $110,000. The Capital Bank will erect early in 1884 a magnificent
five-story building on Jackson street, between Third and Fourth Streets.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
79
.::::::::::::::::::::i=i:;";===ii:^ :
DRAKE'S BLOCK, EAST THIRD STREET, BETWEEN SIBLEY AND JACKSON.
An elegant structure of red brick with trimmings of terra cotta and brown stone. Is 75x150
feet, has four stories above two high basements. Is occupied as offices and contains the most
legant restaurant west of New York. The block yields an annual income of about $20,000.
Jcyuild.1
nq ctrjd lirjppQverrjerjt*
I T. PAUL'S most marvelous development at the present time excepting
only the improvements by railways is in the upbuilding of its business
center. No other city in America can present more substantial evidence
of commercial prosperity, as is evinced in the erection of new business
houses, than may be found within an area of six blocks east and west, or
from Wacouta Stieet to Wabasha, and four blocks north and south, or from Third
to Seventh. Within this area there are now building, projected for immediate
work, or completed this season, over $4,000,000 worth of business or public
So
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
blocks exclusive of the value of their sites. Eemarkable as is the upbuilding in
the district mentioned, it is not more notable, by comparison, than that of other
sections which are developing into exclusively business centers. The entire
reach of Seventh Street, a distance of six miles, is rapidly becoming an
unbroken line of retail houses. Not less than forty-eight new brick stores are
now being built on this thoroughfare west of the Seven Corners in the
immediate vicinity of which more than a quarter of a million dollars is now
going into new business houses while east of the Phalen Creek bridge to the
Harvester Works, new stores or shops are being build on more than one-half
the blocks for the entire distance. Business Houses are also extending out
Mississippi and Rice Streets the main thoroughfares leading out of the city to
the North and Dakota Avenue on the West side, bears the same relation to
the thriving portion of the city on the other side of the river. There are over
.200 distinct business houses represented in the present upbuilding in brick or
stone blocks mostly brick and to specify any but the more prominent would
obviously require too much space. The more important now building, or
upon which actual work in the way of perfecting plans, etc., is progressing,
are :
BUILDING.
Hotel Ryan I
Merchants hotel improvement
Syndicate block, Sixth street
Grand Opera House and club house
Chamber of Commerce
German -American bank
First National bank
Capital bank
Hale's block, Jackson street
Davidson block, Fourth street
Ryan block, corner Third and Wacouta streets.
Thompson block Third street
Shepard block, Third street
Pomroy block, Fifth street
Warehouses, Third street
Arcade block
County Building
Kittson and McKinney blocks, Wabasha street.
Faber & Gilfillan block. Seventh street
Forepaugh block, Seventh street
High school
Watson & Rice, Fifth and Jackson
Kelly & Lyndeke block
Drake block, on Fourth street .. ,
Government Building on Robert street
Noyes Bros. & Cutler, Fifth street
Burris block, Third and Oak streets
Knauft block, Seventh, corner Pine street
D. A. Robertson, Seventh street
P. Herzog, St. Peter street
C M. Dittman, Minnesota street
George Benz block, Third street ,
M. Sheire, Robert street, corner Tenth
Herman Grve, Fort street
Dawson & Smith, Fort street
Gross & Justice block, Seventh street
Total.,
Street
frontage.
Value of
feet.
Building.
800
81,000,000
30,000
150
750,000
100
265,000
200
100,000
250
150,000
150
100,000
40
80,000
250
250,000
230
150,000
250
100,000
65
75,000
50
30,000
50
30,000
300
75,000
500
250,000
300,000
120
120,000
200
60,000
180
40,000
125,000
75
25,000
100
150,000
100
200,000
150
100,000
300
175,000
250
60,000
200
75,000
180
40,000
130
25,000
50
25,000
100
25,000
190
25,000
120
25,000
80
25,000
180
35,000
6,090
$5,090,000
The figures given on prominent brick business blocks alone thus
show a total of over $5,000,000 valuation and 6,059 feet frontage, or over one
mile. Of othei brick or stone business blocks in process of erection and not
listed, but which have appeared in former issues of the Pioneer Press, a careful
estimate of cost is $635,000.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
Si
m
^m
FIRST NATIONAL BANK, CORNER OF JACKSON AND FOURTH STREETS.
A building of great architectural beauty and immense solidity. Has frontage of 140 feet on
Jackson and Fourth Streets, and four stories above a high basement. Is built of red pressed brick
with ornate trimmings of terra cotta and pink stone. The propeity of the First National Bank an
institution of great wealth and influence -
FRAME STORES AND RESIDENCES.
The latest actual enumeration of frame business houses gave the number
145, valued at $435,000. The last official enumeration of residences made by
the Pioneer Press was for the s five months ended May 31. Up to that time
there were built since January 1, or then in process of erection, 1,568 dwell-
ings, valued at $1,967,100. Of public buildings there were at the same time
in process of erection twenty-two, valued at $1,535,250.
inp
BUILDINGS.
Brick business...
Public
Frame business...
Dwellings
TABULATED STATEMENT.
No.
200
22
145
1,568*
Frontage,
feet.
9,000
.-.no
Total 1,935
Amount expended in 1882 on unfinished buildings.
12,500
Total.
*None enumerated that have been begun since June 1, 1883.
Value.
55,645,000
1,535,250
435,000
1,967,100
89,582,350
1,000,000
810,582,350
82 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD,
ESTIMATES.
As before stated, the above-enumerated dwellings only include those built
or in process of construction up to June 1. Judging from the subsequent
building, and from the number reported by architects as projected, it is
estimated that the year 1883 will add very nearly 4,000 structures to the
up-building of St. Paul, and that the money valuation will exceed $10,500,000.
bradsteeet's report
for the week ended October 6, is devoted largely to statistics which show the
amount of building done in leading American cities during the past few years
and for eight months of 1883. The figures are compiled and presented by so
reliable a commercial agency that there is no occasion to question their
accuracy, and in them St. Paul has reason to feel special pride. Indeed, if
St. Paul was given to boasting, this would be the one grand occasion, for the
report proves that this city has advanced within two years from a point (in
amount of building done yearly) not worth quoting in the Bradstreet list that
is, it was not reported iii 1881 to fourth place among the great cities of tbe
continent, New York, Chicago and Cincinnati alone leading.
WHAT THE FIGURES SHOW.
Bradstreet says: The order in which the cities ranked (so far as reported)
during eight months in 1883, based on the gross amounts expended by each
m building, is shown as follows:
Chicago $12,780,000
Cincinnati 11,000,000
t. Paul 9,580,000
Minneapolis 8,310,000
Cleveland 3,750,000
New Orleans 3,000,000
Denver 3,000,000
Des Moines 2,750,000
Detroit 2,580,000
Kansas City 12,000,000
Grand Rapids 2,000,00i)
Toledo 1,490,000
Pittsburg 1,420.000
Memphis 1,300,000
Indianapolis 1,250,000
Burlington 1.100,000
Milwaukee 1,070,000
Nashville 1,050,000
COMPARISON WITH OTHER CITIES.
By the above it will be seen that during the past eight months St. Paul has
expended in new buildings over three-fourths as much money as Chicago;
nearly three times as much as Cleveland ; more than three times as great a
sum as either New Orleans or Denver; almost five times as much as Kansas
City ; and over nine times as much as Milwaukee. The showing is certainly
remarkable and must attract wondering attention wherever Bradstreet is taken
as authority. In the above report New York is not given, but in a separate
column is placed at $37,207,112 thus making St. Paul the fourth city m the
country in building growth. Inasmuch as it is now susceptible of proof that
the season of 1884 will witness greater building activity especially in business
blocks in St. Paul than the present season, it is probable that this city will
rank next to Chicago in building growth after the reports for 1884 are compiled.
Eecently it has been noted in real estate circles that capitalists from the East
seem to have a very lively appreciation of St. Paul's growth.
BUILDING in 1882.
BUILDINGS.
Brick blocks ,
Frame stores
Public buildings.
Miscellaneous
Residences
Totals.,
No.
Frontage.
Valuation
144
7,716
$2,520,000
87
2,500
162,500
29
953,000
73
888,400
2,178
3,946.630
2,511
10,216
58,470,500
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
83
THE RICE & WATSON BLOCK, CORNER OF JACKSON AND FIFTH STREETS.
An extremely ornate building of red brick witb tasteful trimmings of stone and terra cotta.
The Jackson Street frontage is 30 feet and that of Fifth street 100 feet. It is a most suitable
companion to the First National Bank building which occupies the other Jackson Street corner of
this block. It will be used exclusively for offices, the firm of Watson & Rice, real estate dealers,
occupying the corner basement.
'
* i\e<a:l ' Osfctfe. *
$16,000,000 INVESTED IN A YEAR.
JHE volume of real estate transactions in St. Paul has been simply colossal
In 1882 there were 4,497 transfers of realty recorded in the office of the
register of deeds, representing a money value of $9,374,842.60. The
number of transactions in Chicago was but 33 per cent larger than those
of St. Paul, while the city of Milwaukee reported for 1882 less than
$2,000,000 as the total of her realty transactions for that year, against nearly
$10,000,000 in this city. The sales of 1882 were more than double in number
8 4
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
and value those of 1881, and the present season will keep up the ratio by at
least quadrupling those of 1881 in value. To be exact, as reference to the
books of the register of deeds demonstrates, the sales of 1882 aggregated
$9,374,842, while the transactions of 1883 for the six months ended June 30,
represented a money value of $7,992,061. From data up to the present time it
is certain that the realty transactions in St. Paul for the year 1883 will reach
$16,000,000.
One of the best posted citizens contributes the following in regard to
SALES OF REAL ESTATE IX ST. PAUL.
As in all rapidly growing cities, dealing in real estate has formed a
considerable part of the business of St. Paul and is the basis of the wealth of
many of her citizens. Many a man who settled in the village of St. Paul held
his home until the village expanded into a city, and business demanded his
lot even at a cost of many thousands of dollars and before he knew it he was
wealthy. The adjacent farmer soon found his acres enveloped and too often
instead of comprehending the future elated at receiving $200, $500 or $1,000
per acre for what ten or fifteen or twenty years ago had cost him but five or
ten dollars per acre, sold to the shrewder speculator, who platted and received
many times more per lot than he had paid per acre.
Then they said the golden opportunity had passed, but population poured
into the tributary country, the city grew, Swellings gave place again to stately-
business blocks, garden farms became town lots and farms became garden lots.
Then fortunes were made and then the golden opportunity was thought to
have surely passed. But again and again the process went on and will go on,
the city's population swelling, values of property advancing, wealth increasing
and business expanding as long as our sister states and European nations pour
their surplus population into the wonderfully productive and limitless region
tributary to St. Paul.
A glance backward at a few of the changes in value may be of interest to
both old settler and new comer, and those contemplating casting their fortunes
with us, may learn by the light of these transactions. The eighty acres lying
north of Eighth and east of Jackson streets, was entered at $1.25 per acre, sold
to B. F. Hoyt at $10 per acre, subdivided by him into acre lots and among others
was one acre sold for $350 to Dr. Borup who sold to Horace Thompson for
$40,000. Another acre to Oakes at $350 who sold to Shaw at $40,000 and he
to Dawson at $70,000, It is worth now $150,000.
Borup & Oakes sold to J. E. Warren fifty lots at $10 each in Kittson's
Addition, the last of which Warren has recently sold at $10,000 to $20,000 each.
These were swamp lots then, into which you could thrust a pole fifteen to
twenty feet.
In 1867 H. S. Fairchild bought a lot for $100, which he sold a few years
later for $1,500 to W. Dawson, who sold last year for $6,500; it is now worth
$10,000.
In 1868 John Wann bought seventv feet by three hundred at the corners
of Fourth and Sibley and Fifth and Sibley for $2,000 and holds it yet, worth
$150,000 without buildings.
In 1854, forty acres in the flats was bought by Dayton for $50; now worth
millions of dollars. About 1865 R. and J. M. Warner sold scores of lots for the
Chouteaus in Kittson's Addition for $100 to $250, now worth $8,000 to $15,000
each. In 1868 H. S. Fairchild sold for Ira Bidwell at auction hundreds of lots
in West St. Paul for $8 to $17 each, now worth $500 to $1,000 each.
In 1873 Gen. Le Due sold two lots on Fourth Street, next north of N. P.
R. R. headquarters for $2,600 recently sold for $35,000.
In 1871 "Selby's cornfield" and other lands west of the city were bought
at $250 to $400 per acre and platted into Terrace Park, Woodland Park and
Summit Park and are now sold in lots at $1,000 to $5,000 and hundreds of
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
85
PROPOSED CHAMBER OFiCOMMERCE BUILDING.
pe
them are covered with costly and elegent residences costing from $10,000 to
$100,000 each.
In 1878 H. S. Fairchild and A. B. Cruikshank bought 160 acres near the
Harvester Works for $20 per acre which they are now selling for $500 to $1,200
per acre.
Five years ago twenty-six acres four miles from the city were sold for $50
r acre sold last year for $1,200 per acre.
Mrs. Senator Ramsey bought land west of the city at $15 per acre for
which she has been offered $1,200 per acre and wisely refused it. Lots on
86 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Dayton's Bluff that sold four years ago for $300 now sell for $1,200. C. E.
Dickerman bought north half of block forty-nine of Lyman Dayton's Addition
for $2,500 and sold in a year to D. S. B. Johnston for $6,500. It is now worth
$16,000.
In 1871 Fairchild sold scores of lots for James Stinson in Stinson'&Addition
for $135 to $150 each, now worth $1,200 to $1,500.
Lots on Fourth Street between Jackson and Rosabel that sold for $5,000
and $6,000, three years ago are now worth $25,000 to $30,000 each.
Three years ago Gov. Marshall sold E. T. Skidmore a lot for $4,300 on
Minnesota Street, recently sold for $12,500. M. Auerbach three years ago
bought sixty acres for $200 per acre (north of elevator B) now selling for
$1,200 to $1,500 per acre.
Five years ago Fairchild sold to C. E. Dickerman the corner of Summit
and Nina Avenues for $40 per front foot and the lots next north to Saunders
for $35 per foot, worth now $150 per front foot. E. F. Drake bought the
east side of Rice Street, north of railroad, a few years ago for $200 per acre
now selling for $700 to $800 per lot.
These are instances selected to represent all parts of the city and its
surroundings. Prices have only advanced with actual values. Surrounding
improvements made, and the general unparalleled growth of the city were the
bases of appreciation.
Hamlin University advanced values tenfold, so did the stock yards and
transfer yards. So of Macalester College; Northern Pacific purchases; location
of new foundry; extension of Street Railway on St. Anthony Hill; location of
St. Paul & Sioux City Railroad shops; extension of Fort Street Railroad. So
will the extension of Street Railway on Dayton's Bluff; so has location of
Harvester Works and Plow Works; so will location of St. Paul & Duluth shops;
so will the establisnment of Iron Industries; so will a hundred and one
things that come with the growth of a city; so most of all the vast increase of
our wholesale trade only yet in its infancy but destined to make St. Paul one
of the very largest citieson this continent.
Sam Deering's little dairy farm of sixty-five acres is now worth $100,000;
Brimhall's eighty^ acre nursery, which he couldn't sell for $25 per acre before
he moved on it, is now worth $1,000 or more per acre. Robert McMenenny's
little garden farm that under the writer's advice he bought for $50 per acre is
now worth $2,000 per acre, and I have in my mind's eye now scores of poor
fellows that will be raised to wealth before they know it; and of acres near
the city that can't be sold to-day for $100 per acre that in lots will, before ten
years bring thousands of dollars per acre. Business will drive all the valley
population on to the hills, and these and the incoming 100,000 people of the
next eight or ten years will spread to Hamline and Macalester colleges, to Lakes
Como and Phalen. Seventh Street to the Harvester Works will be covered
with three and four story brick blocks, so will Maria Avenue. Dayton and
Western Avenues will change from residence to business streets, so will Rice
and University, the latter in the remote future to be one of the great business
arteries of the city.
From Broadway to Fort Street, and from the River to the hill every foot
will be required for business and must be compactly built to answer the
demands of trade in ten or fifteen years, and much property in this territory,
now worth $100, $200 or $300 per front foot, will be worth $1,000 to $2,000 per
front foot and meantime can be made to pay a rental of 10 per cent, per year.
Lay this aside ten years and then look over it again and see if I have
erred.
INCREASE IN VALUES.
With so great a growth as has been achieved by St. Paul within the past
three years, there would naturally follow a material advance in realty values,
yet it is held that the increase in prices is not really in proportion to the
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
87
MERCHANTS HOTEL, CORNER OF THIRD AND JACKSON STREETS.
jgrowth of population and improvements. First-class business locations om
principal streets range in value from $125 to $500 per front foot, against double
<ir treble these sums for property similarly situated in lesser towns like Kansas
City, Denver, Indianapolis, etc. Choice residence lots in the best localities
imay yet be had at from $20 to $60 per front foot of lots ranging from 125 to
250 feet deep. Fortunes have been made in realty transactions during the past
three years; for up to 1880, St. Paul realty was a drug on the market, and still
greater fortunes await those who now invest in our great and growing
metropolis.
88 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
f{
elier ious, OcaucecfiorjGa ctrjd. cigu. *
^EW cities in the world have more. reason to be prond of their religious,
educational and social standing than does our young metropolis. It is
noted as being remarkably well governed, and its police records show a
much less degree of crime than that of any other city of its size in the
country. With the most perfect and complete laws and ordinances
faithfully enforced, and a government selected from the best classes, the order
and system that prevails is a source of gratification to its citizens and a surprise
to strangers. All obnoxious occupations, depending upon gambling and kindred
vices, are strictly prohibited, and the city is under the most efficient and
thorough police surveillance.
CHURCHES.
There are sixty-two churches in St. Paul, as follows :
Baptist 6 I Episcopal S
Catholic 9 Hebrew 2
Evangelical 8 Methodist 12
Lutheran 9 Swedenborgian , 1
Presbyterian 6 United Evangelical 1
Unitarian 1 .
Congregational 4 Total 62
Among the pastors there are many of the brightest minds in the country,
and the Sunday schools are very largely attended and effectively conducted.
The bishop and coadjutor bishop of the Roman Catholic Church are located
kere and the cathedral congregation is one of the largest in America.
PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
Nothing reflects more credit on the citizens of St. Paul than does the system
of public schools. For years the city has borne a high reputation for the
excellence of this department of social economy. The population is largely
composed of cultured and substantial people from the large cities of the East
and from Europe, and they have brought with them their appreciation of the
value and need of the best educational advantages. The system is as near per-
fection as is possible, and the organization is thorough and complete.
Up to two years ago St. Paul, after investing many thousands of dollars in
fine school buildings, had ample public school accommodations. Since that
time, although 1882 and 1883 (thus far) have witnessed the erection of a
$125,000 high school building and several costly grade school buildings ranging
in value from $15,000 to $25,000 it is now discovered that every school is over-
crowded; and just what will be required in the way of new buildings next
season it is now difficult to determine. One illustration will suffice to indicate
the increase of the demands upon school facilities: Two years ago, when the
Dayton's bluff school house was erected at a cost of about $25,000, the school
commissioner for that district estimated that the building was large enough to
accommodate all possible demands. upon it for at least five years. Much to
everybody's surprise, the great building was not only completely filled with
scholars last year, but this spring a new structure, costing $15,000, had to be
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
8 9
HHJffif^ HMHW" ^rTrfVMtilrlM^ iMrfHr WWf
YOUNG, STREISSGUTH 8c DRAKE
YOUNG, STREISSGUTH & DRAKE, FOURTH STREET.
The block occupied by this extensive hat, cap and fur firm is 100x50 feet, is fir stories above
the basement, is fire proof and is built of red brick with stone trimmings. The block which contains
two stores, of equal size, the other occupied by Mayo & Clark, wholesale hardware dealers, is owned
by Mr. C. D. Gilfillan.
built; and yet the two edifices can barely accommodate the scholars now seek-
ing admission. For two years St. Paul has been spending annually over
$100,000 in new school buildings; and the sum at least will be an ordinary
expenditure for years to come. There are now seventeen public school build-
ings in St. Paul, all ot them of the finest class of that kind of architecture.
The valuations of buildings and sites are here given:
9
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
School. Value.
River 89,000
Van Buren 35,000
Webster 19,000
Washington... 22,000
Harrison 4,500
Garfield 18,000
Adams 13,000
Total $505,100
School Value.
High School 8135,000
Franklin 60,000
Humboldt 9,000
Jefferson 45,000
Jackson 13,000
Lincoln 36,000
Madison 50,000
Monroe 15,000
Neill , 15,000
Hice 5,000
There are now building a new edifice in Clark's addition, at a cost of
$12,000, and additions to the Lincoln and Van Buren schools, costing $24,000.
Next season at least three new buildings will be required, and are already
contemplated. The last enrollment of pupils in actual attendance was 8,750.
PRIVATE SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES.
Within the corporate limits of St. Paul are twenty -three private schools
and academies, with a regular attendance of at least equal numbers with the
public schools. Just outside the city limits are located Hamline University
and Macalester College, and in the same neighborhood two new colleges, a
Baptist and Lutheran, are soon to be located.
THE SOCIAL LIFE
of St. Paul has lost every trace of provincialism, and in point of culture and
refinement will compare favorably with that of far larger cities. In the churches,
the schools, the literary and social organizations, and also in politics, the most
advanced and meritorious ideas and principles form the foundation, and the laws,
political and social, are administered with rare discretion, judgment and grace.
The business community consists of young, active men, who have mostly been
schooled in mercantile pursuits in the Eastern States, but who find here oppor-
tunities for expansion and development not offered in their old homes. With
a vaster field in which to operate, and an active, energetic class of men with
whom to compete in traffic, their minds assume a broader scope, and their
faculties become sharpened and more acute. These remarks apply not only
to St. Paul, but to the entire new Northwest, the same spirit and attributes
being found even in the smallest places. Young men of good principles amd
industrious habits always succeed here success is in the climate, and weaitb.
is in the soil.
If osf yfpce T^)usir)es
s. *
^HE amount of business transacted by the post office of a city is one of
the best indications of its commercial and social status, and population.
St. Paul can surely be proud of the amount of her transactions in this
direction and also of tae perfect and economical manner in which the
business is conducted. At the close of the year 1882 this city showed
a larger post office business by several thousand dollars than any other city of
its size in the United States, and the portion of the gross-income disbursed in
conducting the office was the smallest of any, being but 23.35 per cent., from 28
to 30 per cent, being the usual average. The gross receipts were $132,702.66
with a population of less than 75,000. To the first of November this year the
receipts were $154,693.90, and for the last two months of the year not less than
$30,000 must be added making $184,000 for the twelve months, an increase of
over $50,000 or about 40 per cent., a ratio which strictly follows the increase in
population and trade.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
>upplcir)er)fel
;E are enabled to give from a carefully prepared report, published by
the Pioneer Press, the work of the year in building:
No. 1883. Cost 1883. No. 1882. Cost 1882.
Amount expended and estimated
cost of buildings projected 3,480 811,938,950 2,511 $8,470,57t
Excess of 1883 over 18S2 3,468,360
It is certain that 1884 will exceed 1883 in the amount of building fully as
much as the latter year has exceeded 1882. It is known that work to the
amount of between $14,000,000 and $15,000,000 is already arranged for, and
such a vast expenditure must add to the population a large number of skilled
mechanics.
* * *
During the first ten months of this year, 1883, there were 502 added to
the business firms of St. Paul, and of these fifty-seven were new manufacturing
enterprises, showing that such concerns naturally gravitate to the financial and
commercial center. All are prosperous and making money and the increase
still continues.
* * *
The business facilities of St. Paul haye more than quadrupled in the last
three years, and there is still a constant demand for locations by new con-
cerns. Fourth street has gained fully seven-eighths of a mile of frontage since
1880. Third street has been increased by the addition within a year of over
one-third of a mile of five story brick blocks, and Sibley street has shown the
same gain in two years. Seventh street shows nearly two miles of frontage
built since 1880, and other business streets have contributed over two more
miles of frontage to the aggregate in the same time. St. Paul needs to use n
high sounding words to proclaim her greatness and importance, as the most
casual observer and investigator^ can but be immediately impressed with and
assured of her present and growing importance. It is the most rapidly grow-
ing city on the continent to-day and it is not a matter for wonder that capital
and enterprise should flow into it and share the assured prosperity.
St. Paul is well provided with horse railroads, admirably conducted, and
running to every part of the city. The system is being constantly extended
and in a short time motor-power roads will be built to make more available the
handsome property between the city and Lake Como, as well as westward over
the fine avenues. The plateau and beautiful bluffs of West St. Paul are rapidly
becoming occupied, the first by prosperous business houses, and the latter by
attractive residences.
* * *
St. Paul is especially favored in its water supply, having two fine lakes
quite near the city which furnish an almost unlimited quantity of the purest
water, in fact amply sufficient for a city of quarter of a million inhabitants.
When the city grows to half a million, as it undoubtedly will within five
years, it will not be forced to rely upon the Mississippi river for a supply as
too many of the river cities unfortunately do. The water works are owned and
operated, by the city and hence entirely in the interests of the people. In con-
nection with the water system it is proper to note the admirable and efficient
fire department, than which no city of this size has a better. It is a paid
department, officered by the most experienced men, and the organization is so
perfect and reliable, that, in connection with the unfailing supply of water, it
9 2
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
has great influence in keeping the rates of insurance much below the average.
There are five of the most improved steam fire engines, and several large
chemical engines. The city is thoroughly districted, and has an efficient fire
alarm system.
* # *
In gas, electric light, telephone and messenger systems, the city is fully
up to the timesj and in the matters of sewerage, paving and sidewalks it is fast
equalling the largest and oldest cities.
A very large number of the citizens of St. Paul have extensive investments
outside of the city in wheat and stock farms, notably N. W. Kittson, whose
"Midway" breeding establishment about four miles from the city, is noted
throughout the country; James J. Hill, president of the St. Paul, Minneapolis
& Manitoba Railway, who takes pride in an immense stock farm near St. Paul;
James B. Power, land commissioner of the same railroad, who has a beautiful
stock farm in the valley of the Sheyenne River in Dakota; Dennis Ryan, who
is building the great hotel, has an interest in a splendid wheat farm in the
Red River Valley ; Oliver Dalrymple, part owner and superintendent of the
mammoth wheat farms in Dakota which have a world wide reputation. There
are also many other gentlemen who reside in this city and conduct great agri-
cultural enterprises in the land of "Golden Grain."
* * *
St. Paul is a notable summer resort, thousands fleeing from the enervating
heat of points further south to enjoy the delightful and healthful air of this
favored locality. There are many charming lakes in close proximity to the
city, and on the banks of these lovely sheets of water hundreds of our citizens
have elegant summer residences.
In the prescribed limits of this volume it has been impossible to give many
illustrations of our fine business blocks. To give one-half of those worthy of
presenting would require a book of great bulk. Those given are simply fair
specimens of the style and character of our buildings, and are only intended
to influence those who desire to see what an enterprising and thrifty community
can do in a short time, to come and view the metropolis of the northwest, the
eastern terminus of the Northern Pacific Railway St. Paul.
* * *
The report of the city comptroller, presented the first of December, shows
t^at the city of St. Paul is the lowest taxed city of any importance in the
country, and this at a time when great public works are in progress. It is ample
evidence that the city is wisely go verned % and that its financial affairs are handled
in careful and economical manner, wnile at the same time, no needed im-
provements are neglected or- postponed through mistaken or parsimonious
notions.
* * *
At the date of this writing, December 15th, St. Paul is enjoying the most
.dautiful weather, the thermometer ranging above the freezing point during
nearly every day thus far and during the nights only failing to 15<> to 20<> above
zero. The bright, cloudless sky, and the crisp, dry atmosphere produce a
pleasure indescribable.
The Chamber of Commerce of St. Paul is a thoroughly efficient and
patriotic body of the most substantial and representative men of the community,
and it acts in entire sympathy and accord with the city council in all affairs or
public interest. The organization will erect early in 1884 a very handsome,
substantial and spacious building, a view of which will be found on page 85.
Parties in any part of the world desiring any information relating to St. Paul
will receive prompt replies tocommunicationsaddressedtothe Secretary of the
Clhamber of Commerce.
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS.
93
HOTEL RYAN, CORNER OF ROBERT AND SIXTH STREETS.
This hotel which is now in process of erection, will be one of the most elegant and spacious in
he world. The sum of $1,000,000 will be expended upon it and nothing will be spared to make it
a credit and ornament to the rapidly growing metropolis. The hotel will have a frontage of 15*
feet on Robert Street and 225 feet on Sixth Street, and will be in the form of a hollow rectangle
with an open court in the center 50x130 feet, thus affording the most perfect systems of lighting
and ventilating. The building will be seven stories in height and of an elaborate style of
architecture, the modern Gothic having been adopted. An excellent idea of the adaptation and
combination of the highest types of mediaeval architecture and modern fancies, can be gained
from the accompanying view. The interior arrangements have received especial attention and
will combine every comfort, elegance and convenience known or conceivable in edifices of this
description. Apartments en suite and single are conveniently disposed throughout the structure,
and still the internal plan is so simple that not the least confusion can result in finding the methods
of ingress and egress. The main entrance will be on Robert street, while the ladies entrance, with
poric cochere, will be at the middle of the Sixth street front. Mr. Dennis Ryan, who is building
this magnificent palace, is one of St, Paul's most enterprising citizens, and has just completed
a block of great beauty and cost at the corner of Third and Wacouta streets. He will also continue
his improvements about the hotel, further adorning Robert street and also Seventh street, witk
elegant blocks. In the immediate vicinity of the hotel, several large and beautiful blocks will
will be erected in 1884.
94 THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
PRESIDENT JOHN B. SANBORN'S ADDRESS,
DELIVERED DECEMBER 31st, 1882.
Gentlemen of the St. Paul Chamber of Commerce :
fHE close of our current year finds the Chamber in a sound condition
financially, and with more power to do good and a broader field for
action than ever before.
The assets over all liabilities are $11,211.86.
In addition to this, 105 perpetual members have agreed to take the
bonds of the Chamber to an amount not less than $500 each, whenever it is
deemed advisable to purchase land and erect a suitable building for ourselves
and the board of trade ; thus placing at our disposal the additional sum of
$52,500, making the aggregate amount available $63,711.86. Our entire disburse-
ments for all purposes for the present year have been $5,147.42. In this vastly
improved condition this body should achieve much more in the future than in
the past, great as its past achievements have been.
The past year has been one of unusual growth, prosperity and develop-
ment in all parts of the country. In this city the hopes of the most sanguine
have been more than realized. Our population has reached a number between
ninety and one hundred thousand, estimated from all data at our command.
The enrollment of the children for our schools, which, in 1880, when bv
the federal census we had 34,000 people, was 4,338, now reaches 8,750.
The number of employes in our manufacturing establishments was. in
1880, 6,029; the number now employed is 12,267.
The number of employes in the wholesale trade in 1880 did not exceed
2,000, while in 1882 the number was 4,684, and now exceeds 5,000.
The assessed valuation of property in the city, which in 1880 was, for per-
sonal property, $8,827,753, and real estate $21,040,634, and in 1882 was, for
personal property $10,040,538, and real estate $30,454,499, has now reached at a
fair valuation, $60,000,000.
The amount of business done through the post office has more than
doubled since 1880.
So the rule may be applied to any or every branch of business, and the
same result is obtained, viz., that the same volume of business and the number
of persons employed in it has more than doubled since the census of 1880.
The increase in the wholesale trade of 1882 over 1881 is $20,372,495, for the
full details of which you are referred to the annual report now ready for dis-
tribution. While all branches of business show a wonderful increase, that of the
wholesale grocery trade is most striking. From 1848 to 1881 this trade has
grown to $6,350,000 for the latter year, but in the single year of 1882 it leaped
forward to $13,533,000, thus gaining more in a single year than in the preceding
thirty years. The lumber trade in 1881 had reached $1,348,000, but in 1882
this trade also sprang forward to $3,439,622, gaining more in one year than in
all our previous existence.
This vast increase in the volume of business required more banking capital
and greater facilities for its transaction, and the capital of our national banks,
which was $2,200,000 in 1882, has been increased to $4,700,000, with a surplus of
$870,431, making, an aggregate of $5,570,431. This exceeds by $1,402,979 the
capital stock and surplus of all the other national banks of the State of Minne-
sota, as appears by the report of the comptroller of the currency for 1882, which
shows the aggregate of capital and surplus of the thirty national banks in the
State, outside of St. Paul, to be $4,167,452.71.
The capital of the state banks in the city, which in 1881 was $300,000, has
now been increased to $700,000, making the aggregate banking capital of the
city at this time $6,270,431. There are in Minnesota 24 banks, organized under
ST. PAUL, THE EASTERN TERMINUS. 95
the state laws, with a capital stock of $2,333,750, of which amount the banks in
St. Paul have $700,000, which leaves for other banks $1,633,750, which added to
the entire amount of stock and surplus of national banks outside the city,
which is $4,167,452,71, makes $5,801 202.71, or $469,228 less than the stock of the
St. Paul banks. This amount would seem sufficient to transact all legitimate
business upon safe and prudent business principles.
For a city with so much business and capital it must be said that our public
improvements, though great and many, in proportion to our growth, progress
slowly. Yet great progress has been and is being made. Sewerage has been
provided for all the more thickly settled portions of the city ; a system of water-
works lias been projected and adopted that now supplies large portions of the
city with water, and will soon supply all portions; street paving is progressing
rapidly, and stone sidewalks have been adopted by some property holders,
and ordered upon all streets where large business is transacted. A large, well
constructed market hall, an elegant high school building^ and a house of cor-
rection have been built, and provision made for the erection of a court house
and city hall commensurate with the future greatness of the city. With all
these expenditures taxes have been kept at^, moderate rate, and the public
iebt has not reached 3 per cent, of the value of property subject to taxation.
The early reputation of our climate for salubrity is sustained by all correct
nital statistics, and our city has been perfectly free from all epidemics and ex-
traordinary diseases during the whole period of its existence.
There seems to be but little just now in this city requiring the immediate
special attention of this body. A new state capitol building has been com-
pleted the erection of a new court house and city hall has been provided for
a new and in all respects first-class opera house will soon be completed a new
kotel, equal in all respects to the best anywhere, fully planned, and arrange-
ments made for its completion by the time that the traveling classes will
commence to make their trips to witness the great natural wonders gf the
Yellowstone Park, means provided to erect a Chamber of Commerce building
when you shall consider the time opportune, the improvements of streets,
sidewalks and parks, going forward as fast as the public requirements demand
wpon economical basis and sound principles, the commercial supremacy of the
ity secured, a railway system fully developed and in operation, all having their
keadquarter buildings in this city, that recognizes all our rights and claims,
including the headquarter buildings of the Manitoba, Northern Pacific, Omaha
and Duluth companies, connecting us by through trains with the commercial
ties of all the adjoining states and territories, with the lake ports of our great
inland sea and the shores of the two oceans; with a system of common schools
unsurpassed, where the increasing numbers of our children may be early and
properly educated; with an abundance of church edifices to meet the demands
ef every sect and creed, it would seem that some of us, who have been long in
the harness, might be withdrawn and take a desired, if not a needed rest.
The future of the city is assured. The dream of its early founders is
already more than realized, while the future is brighter with promise than ever
before. ^ We find ourselves as if by magic placed on the most expeditious and
economical line of transportation of that commerce that has built up all the
treat commercial cities of ancient and modern times; that commerce which
uilt up the pre-historic cities of Troy and Smyrna, from which rose to famous
commerce, wealth and power Mnevah on the Tigris, or Babylon of fabulous
riches and splendor on the Euphrates, which has many times restored Smyrna
from desolation, built Rome, and for three centuries has poured its gems and
gold, its merchandise and wealth into the lap of London, and made her the
greatest of modern commercial cities. By the completion of the Northern
Pacific we are brought nearer in point of time for, and expense of transporta-
tion tc, the products and commerce of Japan, China and the eastern portion
of the Indies than was Ninevah, Babylon or Smyrna in the days of their glory
and power. If our statesmen can devise some plan whereby our supremacy;
9 6
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
in the carrying trade of the Pacific ocean can be established and maintained,
there is no reason why we should not seize upon and henceforth control that
commerce which in all periods of the world's history has enriched beyond
computation the people that have held it in their grasp.
It is a commerce with nations having more than one-half the whole popu-
lation of the globe, and accustomed to wear fabrics produced from cotton grown
in this country. Why should not the cotton goods required by six hundred
millions of people in the Orient be manufactured by labor and machinery along
the line of this new highway of nations, and be laid down at their doors more
cheaply than ever before ? Thereby a new and vast field for both labor and
capital would be opened, most remunerative to both, and unspeakable benefits
be derived by those that produce and those that consume.
The whole value of goods imported into Asia during the past year is
1754,669,000. Of this amount Great Britain imported $281,631,000, while the
United States imported only $17,510,000. And during the same period Great
Britain received in exports $225,806,000, and the United States $53,838,000.
This vast advantage is secured by Great Britain by maintaining her supremacy
in the carrying trade on the ocea* and on all the navigable rivers of the Orient.
That government has been able to subsidize lines of steamers on the ocean and
on rivers without demoralization or detriment, and this has accomplished the
result. The profits of this carrying trade must exceed $100,000,000 annually,
and Great Britain receives them all. Must we as Americans admit that we have
reached a point in our political history where to grant a money subsidy for any
purpose is to corrupt many public men and send favorite leaders of both parties
to dishonored graves ? Whether the prize offered in the control of or fair
competition for the commerce of the Pacific is not sufficient to justify one more
attempt, in the hope that the lessons of the past and the purer patriotism of
this day may not be sufficient to enable our public men to resist the temptation
to take advantage of public necessity for personal gain is a question worthy
the most serious consideration of our merchants, officers, statesmen and people.
With the Northern Pacific completed and a first-class line of American
steamers on the Pacific, the products of Japan, of China and the East Indies
can be laid down at our doors in thirty days. It is not too much to believe that
a few years will witness through bills of lading between St. Paul, Yokohama,
Canton and Hong Kong, and the fabrics manufactured by our water powers on
the Otter Tail, St. Louis, St. Croix and Mississippi, now running to waste, will
find their readiest and best market with the merchant princes of the Orient,
who henceforth will soonest find the west by traveling east, and that thereby
the countless millions of wealth that hitherto have been received by the cities
of western Asia and Europe will be received and retained by the producing
classes and merchants of the Northwest.
COUTBIJrTS.
Page.
Acrossthe Continent 4
Address of Gen. John B. Sanborn 94
Arches 22
Banking 76
Building and Improvements 79
Brilliant Pageant 29
Committees 15
Decorations 17
English and American Guests 10
German Guests , 6
Grand Reception and Parade 26
Grand Banquet 44
Growth in Population 64
Page.
Importations 72
Manufacturers 74
Mortuarv Statistics 61
Open for" Business. The N. P. R. R 3
Post Office Business 90
Railroad and Water Systems. 66
Real Estate... 83
Reception of President Arthur 41
Religious, Educational and Social 88
St. Paul, the Eastern Terminus 60
Supplemental Miscellaneous 91
The St. Paul Festival 14
Wholesale Business...... 70
EDWARD W. NOLAN
SYLLABUS OF SAINT PAUL.
ST. PAUL THE METROPOLIS OF THE NORTHWEST.
Head of Navigation of the Mississippi River Railway Centre
of the Northwest, and the Gateway to the Pacific.
See pages 10, 14, 21, 25, 28, 29, 30, 32, 44, 47, 50, 52, and from 60 to 96.
THE PROPHETIC CITY.
In the year I860, standing on the platform at the door of the capitol of the State of Minnesota
in St. Paul, the sagacious and lamented statesman, Wm. H. Seward, whose far-seeing vision led
him to predict in a tvance the "irrepressible conflict" which ended in the great rebellion, made
another prophetic utterance which is equally certain to be fulfilled. His words were in substance
these: "I find myself for the first time upon the high land in the center of the continent of North
America, equi-distant from the waters of Hudson Bay and the Gidf of Mexico. Here is the place the
central place where the agricultural products of this region of North America must pour out their
tributes to the world. I have cast aboxit for the future and ultimate seat of power of North America.
Hooked to Quebec, to New Orleans, to Washington, San Francisco and St. Louis for the future seat of
power. But I have corrected that view. I now believe that the xdtimate last seat of government on this
great continent will be found somewhere not far from the spot on which I stand, at the head of navigation
of the Mississippi river." [See speech of Hon. E. P. Drake, p. 50.]
In the year 1884, January 6th, Eufus Hatch said :
I know the Northern Pacific to be a splendid road, and it is coming out all right if rightly
managed. It's a magnificent thing for St. Paul, and will bring that city all the business of the
Northwest.
Since the excursion over the Northern Pacific and to the Yellowstone, I have cut ^ut twelve
long editorial and local notices of that region from the London Telegraph, that reaches 100,000
persons a day; ten from the London Times and niiie from the London Post. They are still keeping
it up. So are the German papers. It is worth millions to the Northwest. Foreign capitalists will
bring $100,000,000 into the country to invest there this year. They know about the country now.
I believe it is the place to put money, and bought a large block of land last month.
" I think the growth of St, Paul in the next twenty-five years will far exceed that of the last
twenty-five years." Henry Villard's speech, page 10.
" I have seen many grand processions, civic and military, but such a display as this of a city's
dustries I have never seen." Gen. Grant, page 29.
how mr. seward's prophecy is being fulfilled.
Population of St. Paul 1850, 840; 1860, 10,600; 1870, 20,300; 1880, 41,498;
1883, 100,000.
Buildings erected in 1883. Bradstreet's report for eight months of 1883 ranks
St. Paul the fourth city in the United States, as follows: New York, $37,217,-
000; Chicago, $12,780,000; Cincinnati, $11,000,000; St. Paul (Bradstreet, $9,580,000)
$11,938,950 the actual amount for the year; Minneapolis, $8,310,000; Cleveland,
$3,750,000; New Orleans, $3,000,000; Denver, $3,000,000; Des Moines, $2,750,000;
Detroit, $2,580,000; Kansas City, $2,000,000; Grand Rapids, $2,000,000; Toledo,
$1,490,000; Pittsburgh, $1,420,000; Memphis, $1,300,000; Indianapolis, $1,250,000;
Burlington, $1,100,000; Milwaukee, $1,070,000; Nashville, $1,050,000.
Increase of Commerce. New business houses established 1S83, 608; number
of business houses erected 1883, 394; value, $2,682,500; street frontage, 10,216
feet or about two miles.
Wholesale Business. 1870, $9,813,000; 1878, $31,939,500; 1881, $46,555,999;
1882, $66,628,494; 1883, $81,000,000. Number of first-class jobbing houses in
1882, 276, over 33 per cent, increase in 1883.
The Mercantile Agencv of R. G. Dun & Co.'s report showed number of
business houses in St. Paul 1879, 570; 1881, 1,030; 1883, 1,825. Minimum of
capital, five houses, over $1,000,000; six houses, $750,000; seventeen, $500,000;
thirty-three, $300,000; fifty-one, $200,000; seventy, $125,000; 107, $75,000; 162,
$40,000; 268, $20,000; 405, $10,000; 545, $5,000. Total minimum capital of 1,825
houses, $73,490,000.
Increase of Manufactures. 1870, 88 houses, 985 employes, $1,611 ,378 products.
1882, 694 houses, 12,267 employes, $22,390,58 products. 1883, 751 houses,
17,000 employes, $33,000,000 products.
Growth of Custom House Business. 1879, $11,821.56; 1880, $16,788.63; 1881,
$30,809.85; 1882, $45,248.28; 1883, $64,016.06.
Growth of Postoffice Business. Gross Yearly Income.
1875 $58,922.63 1878 $63,922.59 1881 $128,156.45
1876 57,092.85 1879 81,299.92 1882 173,131.31
1877 53,412.82 1880 102,450.33 1883 190,907.36
Money Order Business. **
1875 $1,254,037.00 1878 $1,853,613.35 1881 $3,679,525.17
1876 1,326,409.81 1879 2,517,523.91 1882 4,018,241.33
1877 1,433,969.79 1880 2,893,695.40 1883 4,071,303.90
Railroad Growth. Cost of improvements made by St. Paul roads 1883,
$25,836,500; local improvements, $1,573,000: miles of road built for 1880, 1,478;
1881,2,081; 1882, 2,400; 1883, 1,319. Passenger trains in and out of St. Paul
daily, 165; railways making St. Paul principal terminus, 7; new railways now
seeking entrance into St. Paul 8, viz., Wisconsin Central, Minnesota & North-
western, St. Paul Eastern Grand Trunk, Winona, Alma & Northern, Chicago,
Burlington & Quincy, Chicago & Rock Island, new line to Duluth, Green Bay,
Winona & St. Peter.
Increase of Banking Business. Bank capital 1870, $900,000; 1883, $5,550,000;
exchange sold 1870, $16,637,563; 18S3, $103,683,070 by National Banks alone
(official.) Average deposits 1870, $1,417,921 ; 1883, $11,897,561 by National Banks
alone.
st. paul's relative status as a money center.
Figures from October report, 1883, of the National Comptroller of the Currency.
Cities. No. of Banks. Resources. i Cities. No. of Banks. Resources
1 New York 48 157,217,563 10 St. Paul 5 $16,935,096
2 Boston 54 192,020,596 11 New Orleans 7 16,040,934
3 Philadelphia 32 117,776.564 12 Albany 7 15,073,754
4 Chicago 11 74,463,102 ! 13 Louisville 9 14,517,043
5 Pittsburg 23 46,344,686
6 Baltimore 17 45,962,456
7 Cincinnati 13 38,102,558
8 Cleveland 7 18,111,481
9 St. Louis 6 17,308,914
14 Detroit 5 13,561.914
15 Milwaukee 3 7,263,784
16 Washington 5 4,975,391
17 San Francisco 1 4,101,582
ST. PAUL COMPARED TO OTHER MINNESOTA CITIES.
OCTOBER REPORT, 1883, NATIONAL COMPTROLLER.
St. Paul, Banking Capital $5,550,000
Banking Capital of all the other National Banks in Minnesota
(38 in number) 4,451,600
Excess of St. Paul overall others combined $1,098,400
Deposits in St. Paul National Banks 11,897,561.00
Deposits in all other National Banks in Minnesota combined 9,833,906.63
Excess of St. Paul over all others combined $2,063,654.37
St. Paul's Health Status. (See pages 61-2 official figures.) St. Paul's average
death rate to the 1,000, 11.65; 51 healthy districts in England, 34 years, 17;
New York, 24.36; Philadelphia, 19.02; Boston, 20.43; Chicago, 18.24; New
Orleans, 34.83; Detroit, 14; St. Louis, 11.69; San Francisco, 19.86; Knoxville,
14.72; Cincinnati, 17.81; Washington, 24.39. Average of the world, 22.