THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES GIFT OF lucretia Cole Waring REGULATIONS FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE NAVY OF THE UNITED STATES 1893. WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICB 1893. "The orders, regulations, and instructions issued by the Secretary of the Navy prior to July 14, 1862, with such alterations as he may since have adopted, with the approval of the President, shall be recognized as the Regulations of the Navy, subject to alterations adopted in the same manner." Section 1547, Revised Statutes. VB 3b3 ft* NAVY DEPARTMENT, Washington, D. C., February 25, 1893. In accordance with the provisions of section 1547 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, the following regulations are estab- lished, with the approval of the President, for the government of all persons attached to the naval service. All regulations, orders, and circulars inconsistent therewith are hereby revoked. B. F. TUACY, Secretary of the Navy. in 90S'; CONTENTS. CHAPTER L NAVT DEPARTMENT ----- . ---------------- . * CHAPTER II. RANK, COMMAND, AND DOTY Section 1. Officers in general __________________________________________________ __. 9 2. Detail of command and duty ---------------------------------------------- 13 3. Statute laws and decisions on rank and command ------------------------------ 16 CHAPTER III. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS -------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 Section 1. The President, the Vice-President, an ex-President, the president or sovereign of a foreign state, members of royal families ------------------------------------------------- 23 2. Civil officers of the Government, members of the diplomatic corps, and consuls. __ -- _ 24 3. Naval and military officers ______________________________________________ _____ 26 4. Honors and distinctions in general --------------------------------------------- 29 * 6. Honors and salutes to foreign governments and officials -------------------------- 33 6. Salutes in general ____ : ------------------------------------------------------------- 34 7. Return salutes ___________________________________________________________________ 35 8. Ensigns displayed when saluting or returning salutes ------------------------------ 36 9. Ensigns, flags, and pennants _________ , ________________________________________ 37 10. Visits of ceremony ________________________________________________________ 40 11. Anniversaries, solemnities, and holidays ----------------------------- -, 42 12. Funeral ceremonies _________________________________________________________ 43 13. Uniform and medals __________ _ ______________________________ - _____ _____ ,_. 1 _.-^__ ___ 47 14. Reveille and tattoo ------------------------------------------------------------- 49 CHAPTER IV. INSTRUCTIONS FOB OFFICERS IN GENERAL ------------------------------------------- 61 CHAPTER V. A FLAO OFFICER IN CHIEF COMMAND ----------------------------------------------------- 67 Section 1. On assuming command _____________________________________________________________ 57 2. General duties _______________________________________________________________ 58 3. Duties in time of war ----- ____ ----------------------------------------- 64 4. Intercourse with foreigners ----------------------------------------------- 66 6. Supplies and repairs -------------------------------- : ----------------------- 68 6. Personnel- ______ . __ ______ _________ _ __ _ ______ ______________ ____________ ,_, ____ ___ 70 CHAPTER VT. A J'LAO OFFICER NOT IN CHIEF COMMAND ---------------------------------------------------- 73 CHAPTER VII. TH* SENIOR OFFICER PRESENT --------------------------------------------- 76 CHAPTER VIII. THE STAFF OF A FLAG OFFICER ------------------------------------------------------------- 77 Section 1. The chief of staff ______________________________________________________________ 77 2. Personal staff ________________ ____ ______________ __ _________________________ ____________ 79 3. Fleet staff _____________________________________________________ 80 CHAPTER IX. THE CAPTAIN ______ ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85 Section 1. Assuming command and fitting out ------------------------------------------------- 86 2. Organization _______ ___ _____________________________________ _____ __________ ____ __ 88 3. General duties ____________________________________________________ 96 4. Duties in time of war _________________________________________________________ 102 5. Intercourse with foreigners ----------------------------------------------------- 104 6. Navigation _____________________________________________________________________ 104 7. Supplies and repair" .. ,,.. . ___ _________ _______________________________ _ 106 8. Personnel ____________ __ ______________________________ --.. 108 CHAPTER X. THE EXECUTIVE OFFICER ---------------------------------------------------------------- 115 Section 1. General powers __________ _ ___________________ __ _____________ , _________ _____ ___ 115 2. General duties ___________________ _ __________________ _ ____ _________ __ _______ __ 116 ft. Duties as equipment officer ___ _ ------------------------------------ 122 4. Duties as construction officer --------------- 123 VI CONTENTS. CHAPTER XI. THE NAVIQATOB AND ORDNANCE OFFICER 12 Section 1. Duties of the navigator 12 2. The ordnance officer 129 CHAPTER XII. OFFICERS OF THE DECK, AND OF GUN, TOBPEDO, AND POWDER DIVISIONS 131 Section 1. Officer of the deck 131 'I. Officers of gun, torpedo, and powder divisions 137 3. General duties of officers of the deck, and of gun, torpedo, and powder divisions 139 CHAPTER XIII. JUNIOR OFFICERS or THE LINE 141 CHAPTER XIV. MEDICAL OFFICERS 1*3 Section 1. The senior medical officer 143 2. Junior medical officers ._ 151 CHAPTER XV. PAT OFFICERS 153 CHAPTER XVI. ENGINEER OFFICERS 157 Section 1. The senior engineer 157 2. Junior engineer officers 161 CHAPTER XVII. CHAPLAINS 163 CHAPTER XVIII. WARRANT OFFICERS 165 Section 1. General duties 165 2. The boatswain 165 3. The gunner 166 4. The carpenter 167 6. The sailmaker 168 CHAPTER XIX. PETTY OFFICERS AND CREW 169 Section 1. The master at arms 169 2. Other members of the crew 171 CHAPTER XX. ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC 173 Section 1. Recruiting stations 173 2. Receiving ships _ 174 3. Enlistments, discharges, rating and ilisntting * 176 4. Transfers 183 6. Apprentices 185 6. Desertions 190 7. Rewards and privileges 193 8. Messes 196 CHAPTER XXI. MARINES 199 Section 1. General regulations 199 2. Service on shore 203 3. Service afloat 214 CHAPTER XXII. NAVAL ADMINISTRATION AND DISCIPLINE 221 Section 1. The exercise of authority 221 2. Arrest . 223 3. Punishment* 224 4. Redress of wrongs 226 6. Apartments 227 6. (Officers' messes 228 7. General instructions 229 CHAPTER XXIII. MEDICAL INSTRUCTIONS 233 Section 1. Physical examinations of recruits 233 2. Hospitals . __ 237 5. General instruction* . 241 CONTENTS. VII CHAPTEK XXIV. PAY AND ALLOWANCES 247 Section 1. Payof the Navy 217 2. Pay and allowance of Marine Corps 262 3. Subsistence . 255 4. Advances 266 5. Allotments 258 6. Travel 260 7. Miscellaneous allowances 262 8. Persons sick or disabled . 263 9. Persons deceased * 263 10. Pensions - 265 CHAPTER XXV. SUPPLIES ' 267 Part I. Supplies on shore ' 267 Section 1. Custody and care 267 2. Requisitions 270 3. Expenditures 271 4. Shipments 274 Part II. Supplier afloat 277 Section I. Requisitions 277 2. Custody and care 279 3. Expenditures 281 4. Clothing and small stores . 284 6. Rations 285 CHAPTER XXVI. PURCHASES 289 p ar l r. Within Oie Untied States 289 Section 1. General instructions 28& 2. Written contracts 290 3. Opc contracts ; 291 4. Open purchases 292 5. Inspections 294 6. Public bills 29P Part TL Abroad 299 Section 1. Open purchases . 299 2. Requisitions : 300 3. Inspections , 301 4. Public bills 302 CHAPTER XXVII. SURVEYS AND SALES f 303 Section 1. Surveys on personnel 303 2. Surveys on vessels and equipage 304 3. Surveys on stores and material on shore 309 4. Surveys on stores and material afloat 313 6. Sales 316 CHAPTER XXVIII. MONET 321 (Section 1. Responsibilities and penalties : 321 2. Deposits and checks 324 3. Requisitions 330 4. Bills of exchange 332 5. Deposits by enlisted men 334 6. Money issued to officers and crew 335 CHAPTER XXIX. ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS 337 Section 1. General accounts . 337 2. Supplies accounts 350 3. Cash accounts 366 4. Reports and returns, table of 371 CHAPTER XXX. STEAM INSTRUCTIONS 381 Section 1. General instructions ..... . . 381 2. Care of engines and boilers _ .___ . . 383 VIII CONTENTS. CHAPTER XXXI. PRESERVATION AND REPAIRS OF SHIPS ; 387 Section 1. Repairs at navy yards 387 2. Repairs in general 390 CHAPTER XXXII. QUARANTINE PILOTAGE 393 Section 1. Quarantine 393 2. Pilotage 394 CHAPTER XXXIII. TRANSPORT SKRVICB 396 CHAPTKK XX XIV. CORRESPONDENCE . 397 CHAPTER XXXV. LEAVE OF ABSENCE AND LIBERTY 405 CHAPTER XXXVI. SHORE STATIONS 407 Section 1. General administration 407 2. Captain of navy yard_ 413 3. Officers in charge of departments 414 4. Medical officers 415 6. Pay officers 415 6. Engineer officers 416 7. Naval constructors 416 8. Civil engineer 417 9. The employment of labor at navy yards 418 CHAPTER XXXVII. APPOINTMENTS AND PROMOTIONS 435 Section 1. Appointments 435 2. Promotions 439 CHAPTER XXXVIII. BOARDS 441 Section 1. Organization and general procedure 441 2. Examining boards 442 3. Retiring boards 445 4. Boards of investigation . 445 6. Boards of inquest 446 6. FornjjOf oaths ____ __ 447 CHAPTER XXXIX. COURTS OF INQUIRY 449 Section 1. Objects and constitution 449 2. Method of procedure 451 3. Inquiry into the loss or grounding of a ship of the Navy 453 CHAPTER XL. SUMMARY COURTS-MARTIAL 455 CHAPTER XLI. GENERAL COURTS-MARTIAL 461 Section 1. Constitution of court 1 _. 461 2. Charges and specifications 462 3. Duties and privileges 464 4. The judge advocate . 466 6. Place of assembly 469 6. The trial 460 7. Finding and sentence 465 8. The record 479 9. Revision - __- 480 10. Final action .-.---. . _ __-__ __. 481 Page 25, Art. 70, 3d line, " d'affairs " should be " d'affaires ". Page 77, Chap. 8, should be "commodore" for "commander" in title of chapter. Page 79, Art. 341, 1st line, should be " personal," not personnel ". Page 96, Art. 386, read " Telegraph movements of ship " in margin for " Bill of Health ". Page 96, Art. 387, in margin read " Bill of Health " opposite 3d line of article. Page 138, Art. 619, par. 2, line 2, read " while he should make to the captain all reports possible, the safety of the ship may in times of emergency depend ", etc. Page 143, Art. 639, 1st line, should be "Art. 638 " and not " 641 ". Page 158, Art. 714, par. 1, 2d line, should be "junior engineers and nav f al cadets of engineer division ". Page 178, Art. 796, par. 4, 4th line, omit " or probationary " and on 5th line omit " as the case may be ". Page 180, Art. 810, last line, after " re-enlistment " insert " for three years ". Page 183, " Section 6 " should be " Section 4 ". Page 187, "Art. 886" should be "Art. 846". Page 228, Art. 1070, before word " Cadets " read " Ensigns, not watch and division officers ". Page 234, Art. 1104, par. 4, 4th line, " abnormol " should be "abnormal". Page 247, Art. 1152, par. 4, 3d line, should be "but shall not" instead of "and shall also ". Page 248, Art. 1156, par. 3, 2d line, for " sea " read " other duty ". Page 254, Art. 1190, in margin, for "musicans" read "musicians". Page 255, Art. 1192, par. 1, line 2, erase " at sea or " and insert after " attached to" " and doing duty on board of a ". Page 270, Art, 1262, number 1st par. " 1 ". Page 276, Art. 1274, number 6th par. "6". Page 356, Art. 1526, above "Article " read "Section 3. Cash Accounts". Page 371, Sec. 4, 2d line from bottom last column, read "Bureau of Navigation" for " Navy Department. ". Page 371, Sec. 4, to bottom of column, add " Do. Quarterly. Intelligence Return. Navy Department ". Page 372, 7th line from bottom, 2d column, read " as required by Intelligence In- structions " for " occasional ". Page 373, second entry under "Navigator" should read "Ordnance Officer". Page 373, eleventh entry under " Navigator " strike out " ordnance ". Page 384, Art. 1580, 1st line, " suface " should be " surface ". Page 402, Art. 1618, next to last line should bd "navigation". Page 410, Art. 1640, number 2d par. "2". Page 427, Art. 1671, par. 9, 4th line, read " its" for "his". Page 436, Art. " 1886 " should be " 1686 ". Page 462, Art. 1786, in margin of 2d par. read "of" for "in". Page 462, Art. 1786, on side opposite 1st line of Art., omit " Rules for framing " in margin. Page 470, Art. 1821, 2d line, "Art. 1767'* should be "1737". Page 481, Art, 1871, 2d line, read " laid " for " had ". CHAPTER I. NAVY DEPARTMENT. Art. 1. There shall be at the seat of government an Executive Department, Secretary of the to be known as the Department of the Navy, and a Secretary of the Navy, who shall be the head thereof. (R. S., Sec. 415.) Art 2. The Assistant Secretary will exercise a general supervision over the Assistant Secre- tary of the Navy. bureaus of the Navy Department and those branches of the establish- ment acting thereunder, and will perform such specific duties as may be prescribed by the Secretary or required by law. All orders issued by the Assistant Secretary will be considered as orders of the Secre- tary, and will be obeyed and respected accordingly. Art. 3. The business of the Department of the Navy shall be distributed Business of the Department. in such manner as the Secretary of the Navy shall judge to be expe- dient and proper among the following bureaus: First. A Bureau of Yards and Docks. Second. A Bureau of Equipment. Third. A Bureau of Navigation. Fourth. A Bureau of Ordnance. Fifth. A Bureau of Construction and Repair. Sixth. A Bureau of Steam Engineering. Seventh. A Bureau of Supplies and Accounts. Eighth. A Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. (R. S., Sec. 419.) Art. 4. The several bureaus shall retain the charge and custody of the Duties of BIV rcaus books of records and accounts pertaining to their respective duties; and all of the duties of the bureaus shall be performed under the au- thority of the Secretary of the Navy, and their orders shall be con- sidered as emanating from him, and shall have full force and effect as such. (R. S., Sec. 420.) Art. 5. There shall be in the Navy Department a Judge Advocate General Judge Advoc.tp of the Navy who shall, under the direction of the Secretary of the Navy, receive, revise, and have recorded the proceedings of all courts- martial, courts of inquiry, and boards for the examination of officers for retirement and promotion iu the naval service, and perform such 1 2 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. other duties as have heretofore been performed by the Solicitor and Naval Judge Advocate General. (Act of June 8, 1880.) Art. 6. 1. The duties of the Bureau of Navigation shall comprise the pro- mulgation, record, and enforcement of the orders of the Secretary to the fleet and to the officers of the Navy, except such orders as pertain to the Bureau of Navi- ^ ce f the Secretary; all that relates to the education of officers and gation. men, including the Naval Academy and technical schools for officers (except the War College and Torpedo School), the Apprentice Estab- lishment, and schools for the technical education of enlisted men; to the enlistment and discharge of all enlisted persons, and to the prepa- ration of estimates for the pay of all officers and enlisted men. 2. It shall have under its direction all rendezvous and receiving ships and provide transportation for all enlisted persons. 3. It shall establish the complement of all ships in commission. 4. It shall keep the records of service of all squadrons, ships, offi- cers, and men, and prepare an annual Navy Register for publication. 5. It shall have under its control the Hydrographic Office, the col- lection of foreign surveys, publication and supply of charts, sailing directions, and nautical works, and the dissemination of nautical and hydrographical information to the Navy and Mercantile Marine. 6. It shall be charged with the preparation, revision, and enforce- ment of all tactics, drill books, signal codes, cipher codes, and regula- tions governing uniform and service afloat, and with the distribution of all orders, circulars, and regulations. 7. Questions of naval discipline, arising in the service, will be sub- mitted by this bureau for the action of the Secretary. 8. All orders governing the movements of vessels, other than those issued by officers exercising command afloat or at shore stations, within the limits of their respective commands, will be signed by the Secretary and recorded in this bureau. 9. It shall receive and bring to the attention of the Secretary of the Navy all applications from officers for duty or change of duty. 10. It shall receive all reports of service performed by ships, offi- cers, or men, and all inspections of ships not of a special nature, also reports of all drills and exercises. 11. In order to prevent conflicting instructions, all official commu- nications to ships in commission shall first be submitted to the Secre- tary of the Navy, and forwarded through this bureau. 12. Commanding officers will keep this bureau fully and promptly informed of any circumstances affecting the readiness of their ships for immediate service. Art. 7. Bureau of Yards l. The duties of the Bureau of Yards and Docks shall comprise all that relates to the construction and maintenance of all docks (in- cluding dry docks), slips, wharves, piers, quay walls, and buildings of all kinds, for whatever purpose needed, within the limits of navy NAVY DEPARTMENT. yards and naval stations and of the Naval Home, but not of hospitals and magazines outside of navy yards, nor of buildings for which it does not estimate. It shall prepare the plans and make the estimates for the above structures, after consulting with the chief of the bureau for whose use they are designed as to their internal arrangement and location in the yard. 2. It shall repair and require for furniture for all buildings in navy yards. 3. It shall be charged under the special instructions of the Secre- tary, with the purchase, sale, and transfer of all land and buildings connected with navy yards. 4. It shall provide light and water for all buildings, or for whatever other purposes they may be needed in navy yards; and shall require for all the fuel, except that which is used by other bureaus. 5. It shall have charge of all landings, derricks, shears, cranes, sewers, dredging, railway tracks, cars, wheels, trucks, grading, paving, walks, shade trees, inclosure walls and fences, ditching, reservoirs, cisterns, tire engines and apparatus, and shall require for all material and articles necessary therefor. It shall provide labor for cleaning navy yards and naval stations, and for the protection of public prop- erty therein, including watchmen. 6. It shall require for the furniture, stationery, blank books, and forms, and provide the clerical force, messengers, and laborers nec- essary for the offices of the commandant, captain, and civil engineer of navy yards, and defray the cost of the same. 7. It shall provide the oxen, horses, and teams required for all pur- poses at navy yards, the subsistence and care of the same, and the necessary teamsters. 8. It shall determine upon and require for all the tools, stores, ma- terials, means, and appliances of every kind required for its own pur- poses, and erect and repair the same. 9. It shall superintend all work done under it. 10. It shall have under its control the organization and muster of the employe's used entirely for its own purposes. 11. It shall estimate for, and defray from its own funds, the cost necessary to carry out its duties as above defined. 12. Orders relating to navy yard business connected with the bu- reau shall be given by the chief of bureau to the commandants, who shall be responsible for their execution. Art. 8. 1. The duties of the Bureau of Equipment shall comprise all that Bureau of Equip* relates to the equipment of ships according to the allowance tables m from time to time in force. 2. It shall have charge of the manufacture of rope, anchors, cables, rigging, sails, galleys, and cooking utensils, and of the installation and repair of all electric appliances on shipboard; also of the Naval Observatory, Nautical Almanac, and compass offices; the apartments U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. and rooms assigned for its purposes, or for the use of the equipment officers in the yards and stations; and it shall require for the instru- ments, and provide for clerks, writers, draftsmen, messengers, and laborers for the same. 3. It shall defray the expenses of pilotage of all ships in commis- sion. 4. It shall design the various shops and buildings at navy yards where its work is executed, so far as their internal arrangements are concerned. 5. It shall design, erect, and maintain all the buildings at t le Ob- servatory and elsewhere, except in navy yards, that may be eeded for its purposes; and it shall be charged, under the special . ,truc- tions of the Secretary, with the purchase, sale, and transfei of all land and buildings in connection therewith. 6. It shall determine upon and require for or manufacture til the tools, stores, stationery, blank books, forms, and appliances o< every kind used for its own purposes. 7. It shall superintend all work done under it. 8. It shall have control of the storage, and preparation of sup- plies and material pertaining to it, exempted from the cut- ly of general storekeepers; also the organization and muster of ' 3 em- ployes used entirely for its own purposes. 9. It shall estimate for, and defray from its own funds, the cot- leces- sary to carry out its duties as above defined. 10. Orders relating to navy yard business connected with the treau shall be given by the chief of the bureau to the commanda who shall be responsible for their execution. Art. 9. Bureau of Oni- 1- The duties of the Bureau of Ordnance shall comprise that ance - relates to the torpedo station and to magazines on shore, to t man- ufacture of offensive and defensive arms and apparatus (in iding torpedoes), all ammunition, and war explosives. It shall req i~e for or manufacture all machinery, apparatus, equipment, mater il and supplies required by, or for use with, the above. 2. It shall recommend the armament to be carried by all armed vessels and the material, kind, and qualities of the armor, an. I shall design revolving gun turrets; it shall also fix, within the c.. crying power of vessels as determined by the Bureau of Construction and Repair, the location and command of the armament, and distribute the thickness of armor. 3. It shall place the armament on board of ships and determine upon the method of construction of armories, ammunition rooms, and ammunition hoists on shipboard; and, in conjunction with the Bureau of Construction and Repair, determine upon their location. 4. It shall design the various shops and buildings at navy yards where its work is executed, so far as their internal arrangements are concerned. NAVY DEPARTMENT. O 5. It shall design, erect, and maintain all shops and buildings con- structed for its own purposes outside the limits of navy yards and for which it may have estimated; and it shall be charged, under the spe- cial instructions of the Secretary, with the purchase, sale, and transfer of all land and buildings in connection therewith, except in navy yards, and with the preservation of the public property under its control. 6. It shall determine upon and require for or manufacture all the tools, stores, stationery, blank books, forms, material, means and appli- ances of every kind required in its shops, including fuel and trans- portation. 7. It shall superintend all the work done under it. 8. It shall have control of the organization and muster of the employe's used entirely for its own purposes. 9. It shall estimate for, and defray from its own funds, the cost necessary to carry out its duties as above defined. 10. Orders relating to navy yard business connected with the bureau shall be given by the chief of bureau to the commandants who will be held responsible for their execution. Art. 10. 1. The duties of the Bureau of Construction and Repair shall com- Bureau of Oon- . . struct ion and Re- prise all that relates to designing, building, fitting, and repairing the pair, hulls of ships, spars, capstans, windlasses, steering gear, and ventilat- ing apparatus; placing and securing armor, after the material, quality, and distribution of thickness have been determined by the Bureau of Ordnance; the care and preservation of ships in reserve; and requir- ing for or manufacturing all equipage and supplies for ships pre- scribed by the authorized allowance tables. 2. It shall have charge of the docking of ships. 3. It shall design the slips, and the various buildings and shops, so far as their internal arrangements are concerned, where its work is executed, and shall be charged with the operating and cleaning of dry docks. 4. It shall determine upon and require for or manufacture all tools, appliances, stores, stationery, books, and forms of every kind used for its own purposes. 5. It shall superintend all work done under it. 6. It shall have control of the organization and muster of the em- ploye's used entirely for its own purposes. 7. It shall estimate for, and defray from its own funds, the cost neces* sary to carry out its duties as above defined. 8. Orders relating to navy yard business connected with the bureau shall be given by the chief of bureau to the commandants, who shall be responsible for their execution. Art. 11. 1. The duties of the Bureau of Steam Engineering shall comprise Bureau O f steam , . Engineering. all that relates to designing, building, fitting out, and repairing the steam machinery used for tne propulsion of naval ships; the steam 6 II. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. pumps, steam heaters, distilling apparatus, all steam connections of ships, and the steam machinery necessary for actuating the apparatus by which turrets are turned; also to requiring for or manufacturing all equipage and supplies for ships prescribed by the authorized al- lowance tables. 2. It shall design the various shops at navy yards and stations where its own work is executed, so far as their internal arrangements are concerned. 3. It shall determine upon and require for or manufacture all its machinery and tools, and shall erect and repair the same. It shall require for or manufacture the stores, stationery, blank books, forms, fuel, material, and all means and appliances of every kind required for its own purposes. 4. It shall superintend all work done under it. 5. It shall have control of the organization and muster of the em- ploye's used entirely for its own purposes. 6. It shall estimate for, and defray from its own funds, the cost neces- sary to carry out its duties as above defined. 7. Orders relating to navy yard business connected with the bureau shall be given by the chief of bureau to the commandants, who shall be responsible for their execution. Art. 12. Bureau of Medi- l. The duties of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery shall comprise 3 an urgery. a ^ t ^ at re j ates to laboratories, naval hospitals, and dispensaries. 2. It shall require for all supplies, medicines, and instruments used in the medical department of the Navy. 3. It shall design the various buildings erected within navy yards for its own purposes, so far as their internal arrangements are con- cerned, and, after their completion, have control of the same. 4. It shall design, erect, furnish, and maintain all the buildings constructed for its own purposes outside the limits of navy yards, for which it may have estimated; and it shall be charged, under the spe- cial instructions of the Secretary, with the purchase, sale, and trans- fer of all land and buildings in connection therewith, and with the preservation of the public property under its control. 5. It shall determine upon and require for all the stores, stationery, blank books, forms, materials, instruments, means and appliances of every kind used in the medical department for its own purposes, and shall have control of their inspection, storage, and preparation. 6. It shall superintend all the work done under it. 7. It shall have control of the organization and muster of the em- ploye's used entirely for its own purposes. 8. It shall estimate for, and defray from its own funds, the cost neces- sary to carry out the duties as above defined. 9. Orders relating to navy yard business connected with the bureau shall be given by the chief of bureau to the commandants, who shall be responsible for their execution. NAVY DEPARTMENT. 7 Art. 13. 1. The duties of the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts shall comprise Bureau of sup- ... . . . .... plies and Accounts. all that relates to requiring for or preparing provisions, clothing, small stores, fresh water for drinking and cooking purposes, and con- tingent stores of the pay department; the purchase of all supplies for the naval establishment, except medicines and surgical appli- ances and instruments, and supplies for the Marine Corps; and the keeping of a proper system of accounts of the same. 2. It is, at shore stations within the United States, charged with the transfer of all stores and supplies, and their reception, care, custody, and issue when authorized, except those pertaining to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery and to the Marine Corps, and exempted arti- cles under the Bureau of Equipment. 3. It shall design the various buildings and shops at the navy yards where its own work is performed and stores are kept, so far as their internal arrangements are concerned, and, after their completion, shall have control of the same. 4. It shall determine upon and require for all the tools, stores, sta- tionery, blank books, forms, materials, means and appliances of every kind used by the pay department, and all books and blanks for other departments used in connection with the Bureau of Supplies and Ac- counts. 5. It shall have charge of all shipments, and the control of the or- ganization and muster of the employe's used entirely for its own pur- poses. 6. It shall estimate for, and defray from its own funds, the cost neces- sary to carry out its duties as above defined; but the cost of supplies purchased and of shipments made by this bureau, for other bureaus or branches of the establishment, shall be defrayed out of the proper appropriations therefor. 7. Orders relating to navy yard business connected with the bureau shall be given by the chief of bureau to the commandants, who shall be responsible for their execution. Art. 14. 1. It shall be the duty of the Judge Advocate General, under the Duties of Judge direction of the Secretary of the Navy, to revise, report upon, and have recorded the proceedings of all courts-martial, courts of inquiry, and boards for the examination of officers for retirement and promo- tion in the naval service; to prepare charges and specifications for courts-martial, and the necessary orders convening courts-martial, in cases where such courts are ordered by the Secretary of the Navy; to prepare general orders promulgating the final action of the reviewing authority in c^urt-martial cases; to prepare the necessary orders con- vening courts of inquiry, and boards for the examination of officers for promotion and retirement, and for the examination of candidates 8 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. for appointment as commissioned officers in the Navy, other than naval cadets; and to conduct all official correspondence relating to such courts and boards. 2. It shall also be the duty of the Judge Advocate General to examine and report upon claims of every description filed in the Department, including those resulting from collisions between ships of the Navy and other vessels, and those arising under contracts with the Depart- ment, or the bureaus, and requiring the action of the Department; to conduct the departmental correspondence relating to the business connected with the increase of the Navy, including the preparation of advertisements inviting proposals for the construction of new ships, or for supplying materials for use in their construction; to prepare forms for proposals to be used by bidders in offering to construct such ships, or to supply such materials; also forms for contracts to be entered into, and for bonds to be furnished by such bidders on the acceptance of their proposals; and to conduct the departmental corre- spondence relating to the plans, specifications, and materials of new ships, and to proposed changes in the same. 3. It shall also be the duty of the Judge Advocate General to con- sider and report upon all matters which may be referred to him by the Department, involving questions of law, regulations, and disci- pline, and requiring the action of the Department; all questions re- lating to the meaning or construction of the General Regulations of the Navy which may be thus referred to him, including those relating to rank or precedence, or to appointments, commissions, promotions, and retirements, and those relating to the validity of proceedings in court-martial cases; to conduct the correspondence with the Attorney General relative to questions of statutory construction submitted for his opinion; to the institution of suits at the instance of the Navy Department, and to the defense of suits brought by private parties against the officers or agents of the Department; to answer calls from the Department of Justice and Court of Claims for information and papers relating to cases there pending and connected with the Navy Department; to examine and report upon the official bonds of pay officers, and all questions presented to the Department relating to pay and traveling expenses of officers; to attend to all correspondence re- lating to the care of naval prisons and prisoners; and to consider and act upon applications for the removal of the mark of desertion stand- ing against the names of enlisted men of the Navy or Marine Corps. CHAPTER II. RANK, COMMAND, AND DUTY. SECTION I. OFFICERS IN GENERAL. Art. 15. Officers of the United States Navy shall be known as officersof the officers of the Navy. line and officers of the staff. Art. 16. The officers of the line are as follows, and they shall take rank Officers of the line, and exercise military command in the order mentioned: Rear Admiral. Commodore. Captain. Commander. Lieutenant Commander. Lieutenant. Lieutenant (junior grade). Ensign. Naval cadet. Boatswain. jrunner. Art. 17. The above shall take rank in each grade according to the dates of Rauk in grade, their commissions; in the absence of commissions they shall take rank according to the order in which their names appear upon the Official Navy Register as kept in the Navy Department. Art. 18. 1. Officers of the line only can exercise military command. Authority of line 2. Only officers on duty pay can exercise, or are subject to, com- mand except as provided for in Art. 211. 3. On all occasions where two or more ships' expeditions or detach- ments of officers and men meet, the command of the whole devolves upon the senior line officer. 4. At all times and places not specifically provided for in these Regulations, where the exercise of military authority for the purpose of cooperation or otherwise is necessary, of which the responsible officer must be the judge, the senior line officer on the spot shall assume command and direct the movements and efforts of all persons in the Navy present. 5. The senior line officer shall be held accountable for the exercise of his authority and must not divert any officer from a duty confided to him by a common superior, or deprive him of his command or duty without good and sufficient reason. 9 10 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 19. staff officers. The officers of the staff are as follows: Medical officers. Pay officers. Engineer officers. Chaplains. Professors of mathematics. Naval constructors. Civil engineers. Carpenters. Sailmakers. Art. 20. Relative rank of The relative rank of officers of the staff is as follows: staff officers. Med- ical officers. 1. Medical directors have the relative rank of captain. Medical inspectors have the relative rank of commander. Surgeons have the relative rank of lieutenant commander or lieu- tenant. Passed assistant surgeons have the relative rank of lieutenant or lieutenant of the junior grade. Assistant surgeons have the relative rank of lieutenant of the junior grade or ensign. Pay officers. 2. Pay directors have the relative rank of captain. Pay inspectors have the relative rank of commander. Paymasters have the relative rank of lieutenant commander or lieutenant. Passed assistant paymasters have the relative rank of lieutenant or lieutenant of the junior grade. Assistant paymasters have the relative rank of lieutenant of the junior grade or ensign. Engineer officers. 3. The senior ten chief engineers have the relative rank of captain. The next fifteen chief engineers have the relative rank of com- mander. The remaining forty-five chief engineers have the relative rank of lieutenant commander or lieutenant. Passed assistant engineers have the relative rank of lieutenant or lieutenant of the junior grade. Assistant engineers have the relative rank of lieutenant of the junior grade or ensign. Chaplains. 4. The senior four chaplains have the relative rank of captain. The next seven chaplains have the relative rank of commander. The next seven chaplains have the relative rank of lieutenant com- mander or lieutenant. The remaining chaplains are without relative rank. Professors of 5, The senior three professors of mathematics have the relative .Mathematics. rank of captain. The next four professors of mathematics have the relative rank of commander. RANK, COMMAND, AND DUTY. 11 The remaining five professors of mathematics have the relative rank of lieutenant commander or lieutenant. 6. The senior two naval constructors have the relative rank of cap- Naval construc- tain. The next three naval constructors have the relative rank of com- mander. The remaining naval constructors have the relative rank of lieu- tenant commander or lieutenant. Assistant naval constructors have the relative rank of lieutenant or lieutenant of the junior grade. 7. The senior civil engineer has the relative rank of captain. Civil engineers. The next two civil engineers have the relative rank of commander. The next three civil engineers have the relative rank of lieutenant commander. The remaining civil engineers have the relative rank of lieutenant. Art. 21. The precedence of officers of the staff in their several corps and Precedence of of- in their several grades and with officers of the line with whom they hold relative rank, in processions on shore, or courts-martial, sum- mary courts, courts of inquiry, boards of survey, and all other boards shall be regulated by the precedence list published in the Navy Regis- ter. All processions on shore where officers appear in an official capacity and where formation is necessary shall be regarded as mili- tary formations. In all cases where commissioned officers of differ- ent corps have the same date of precedence, they shall take rank as follows: 1. Line officers. 2. Medical officers. 3. Pay officers. 4. Engineer officers. 5. Chaplains. 6. Professors of mathematics. 7. Naval constructors. 8. Civil engineers. Art. 22. Officers of the staff shall, under the commanding officer, have all Authority of staff necessary authority within their particular departments for the due performance of their respective duties and they shall be obeyed accordingly by their subordinates. They shall not, by virtue of relative rank and precedence, have any additional right to quarters, nor shall they have authority to exercise military command; nor shall they take precedence of their command- ing officer; nor shall they take precedence of the aid or executive of the commanding officer while executing the orders of such command- ing officer on board of the vessel or at the station to which they are attached; nor shall they be exempted from obeying the lawful com- mands of officers of the line who may be charged by proper authority with the details of militarv duty incident to the naval service. 12 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 23. Chiefs of bureaus 1. The chiefs of the bureaus of Medicine and Surgery, Supplies partment NaV7 Ie anc * Accounts, Steam Engineering, and Construction and Repair, shall have the relative rank of commodore and the respective titles of sur- geon general, paymaster general, engineer-in-chief and chief con- structor, while holding these offices. 2. A captain or commander, when chief of a bureau of the Navy Department, shall have the relative rank of commodore during the time he holds such office, but his actual rank and title shall remain unchanged. 3. Every chief of bureau shall affix the name of his office to his official signature. Judge advocate 4. The Judge Advocate General shall be an officer of the Navy or general Marine Corps, and have the rank of captain in the Navy, or colonel in the Marine Corps, as the case may be. Art. 24. officer* of the The relative rank between officers of the Navy, whether on the Ann/ " * active or the retired list, and officers of the Army, shall be as follows, lineal rank only being considered: Rear admiral shall rank with major general. Commodore with brigadier general. Captain with colonel. Commander with lieutenant colonel. Lieutenant commander with major. Lieutenant with captain. Lieutenant of the junior grade with first lieutenant. Ensign with second lieutenant. Art. 25. Officers of the The officers of the Marine Corps shall be, in relation to rank, on the same footing as officers of similar grades in the Army. No officer of the Marine Corps shall exercise command over any navy yard, station, or ship of the United States. Art. 26. Officers of the The officers of the Revenue Cutter Service when serving, in ac- service. 6 cordance with law, as a part of the Navy, shall be entitled to rela- tive rank as follows: Captains with and next after lieutenant commanders in the Navy. First lieutenants with and next after lieutenants in the Navy. Second lieutenants with and next after lieutenants of the junior grade in the Navy. Third lieutenants with and next after ensigns in the Navy. Art. 27. Warrant officers. Boatswains, gunners, carpenters, and sailmakers are warrant offi- cers. They have no relative rank, but shall take precedence of each. RANK, COMMAND, AND DUTY. 13 Mates. Clerks. Petty officers and other according to the date of their warrants; in case the warrants of two or more are of the same date, then according to the order in which their names are borne upon the official Navy Register as kept in the Navy Department. They shall, under their superiors, have all necessary authority for the due performance of their duties, and they shall be obeyed accordingly. They shall take precedence of all mates and other petty officers. Art. 28. Mates are petty officers. They are rated from seamen or ordinary seamen by authority of the Secretary of the Navy. Mates have no relative rank, but they shall take precedence of all other petty offi- cers and enlisted men and in their own grade according to the dates of their appointments. They shall, under their superiors, have all necessary authority for the due performance of their duties, and they shall be obeyed accordingly. Art. 29. Clerks to pay officers are appointed for a limited period. They are subject in all respects to the same laws and regulations that govern other persons in the naval service. Art. 30. The classification of petty officers and enlisted men in the Navy, * ' enlisted men. and of noncommissioned officers, musicians, and privates in the Ma- rine Corps, is given in the appendix. They shall take precedence according to this classification; the precedence of two or more hold- ing the same rate shall be determined by the date of their rates; if of the same date, then their precedence shall be determined by their commanding officer. At general muster the names of petty officers shall be called in the order of their precedence. Petty officers shall be entitled to obedience in the execution of the duties of their office from persons of inferior ratings. SECTION 2. DETAIL OF COMMAND AND DUTY. Art. 31. Officers of the Navy shall perform such duty as may be assigned ID general, to them by the Navy Department. Art. 32. A Rear Admiral may command a fleet, a squadron, or a naval station. Bear admiral. Art. 33. A Commodore may command a squadron, a division of a squadron, Commodore. or a nav^al station. Art. 34. A Captain may command a division of a squadron; be chief of staff to a flag officer or commodore; command a naval station, or ship of the first or second rate; or perform such shore duty as may be assigned him. 14 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 35. Commander. A Commander may command a division of a squadron, a naval sta- tion, or a ship of the third rate; act as chief of staff to an officer com- manding a division of a squadron, or perform such shore duty as may be assigned him. Art. 36. Lieutenant com- A Lieutenant Commander may command a ship of the fourth rate; serve as executive officer of a naval station or ship commanded by an officer of a superior grade; or perform such shore duty as may be assigned him. Art. 37. Lieutenant. A Lieutenant may command a tug, tender, or any ship not rated; serve as executive officer of a ship commanded by an officer of a superior grade; as navigator, ordnance officer, or watch officer, or as flag lieutenant or secretary to an officer of flag rank or to a commo- dore ; or perform such shore duty as may be assigned him. Art. 38. Lieutenant of A Lieutenant of the junior grade may serve as executive officer of a ship commanded by an officer of a superior grade; as navigator, ordnance officer, or watch officer, or as aid to an officer of flag rank, or to a commodore, as secretary to the commander of a squadron, or as clerk to a rear admiral or commodore; or perform such shore duty as may be assigned him; and shall perform duty in the engine room when necessary. Art. 39. Ensign. An Ensign may serve as watch officer or perform any duty afloat or ashore that may be assigned him, including duty in the engine room when necessary. Art. 40. Naval cadet. A Naval Cadet shall perform such duty afloat as may be assigned him, including duty in the engine or fire room, but shall not be detailed for duty as clerk. Art. 41. Flag officer i n Should the flag officer commanding be rendered incapable of exer- 5ubied m 8ucces* c ' s ^ n S command, the officer of the fleet or squadron next in rank shall sion. succeed him and discharge his duties until regularly relieved. He shall have all of the authority and responsibility of his predecessor. Art. 42. Flag officer in If the flag officer commanding be killed in battle, the officer next w'fed in" battle 1 * n ran ^ on board the ship bearing his flag shall succeed him pro- Snccesaion. visionally and until the senior officer in the fleet announces that he has taken command. It shall be the duty of any officer thus suc- ceeding provisionally to inform the officer of the fleet or squadron next in seniority to the late flag officer commanding, as soon as practicable, and by private signal, of the death of the latter. The flag of the deceased shall be kept hoisted until the battle is decided. RANK, COMMAND, AND DUTY. 15 Art. 43. Should the captain of a ship be rendered incapable of exercising .Death or disa- command, the executive officer shall succeed him until relieved by tain of a ship! Suc- orders from the flag officer commanding, or the Navy Department, ceB81on - even though there be officers on board as passengers higher in rank than himself. Art. 44. The captain of a ship not a flagship with a flag officer or commodore Authority of a embarked as passenger by due authority shall be subject to the orders p^^JJjger of such senior officer. The latter, when so embarked, shall display his flag or pennant. Other officers embarked as passengers, senior to the captain, shall have no authority, but his juniors may be assigned to passengers may duty when the exigencies of the service shall render it necessary, of '> assigned to duty. which necessity the captain shall be the sole judge. Passengers thus assigned shall have the same authority as though regularly attached to the ship, but shall not displace any officer belonging to the regular Authority of pas- complement of the ship in his quarters. signed. Art. 45. No officer can place himself on duty by virtue of his commission Authority to per- . , form duty. or* warrant alone. Art. 46. An officer duly appointed to act in a grade superior to his own, Authority of act, shall, while so acting, be entitled to the same command, precedence, mg appou and honors, as if he held an actual commission, except that he shall not exercise command, nor take precedence over, an officer holding a com- mission in said superior grade. Officers holding appointments in a higher grade than that in which they are commissioned shall take rank with one another according to the date of their commissions. Art. 47. An officer on the retired list of the Navy shall not be employed on Retired officers, active duty except in time of war. Art. 48. Officers cannot assume command of Army forces on shore, nor can Authority of any officer of the Army assume command of any ship of the Navy, ^fficers^rvinVTo- or of its officers or men, unless by special authority for a particular g ether - service; but when officers are on duty on shore with the Army they shall be entitled to the precedence of the rank in the Army to which their own corresponds, except command as aforesaid, and this pre- cedence will regulate their right to quarters. Art. 49. 1. Officers ordered to duty under the Light-House Board shall h^duty" Hght " report by letter to the Secretary of the Treasury. 2. While on this service they shall obey the orders and directions of the Secretary of the Treasury and the Light-House Board. 16 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 3. While on duty under the Light-House Board officers will be held directly responsible to the Secretary of the Navy for conformity to the rules and articles for the government of the Navy and the Navy Regu- lations, except only in so far as they may be inconsistent with the special service in which they are engaged. They will also be held responsible for the care of the persons, vessels, and public property that may be placed under their control. Art. 50. Officers on duty i. Officers ordered to duty under the Fish Commission shall report under Fish Com- . . - ._. . , _. . miosiun. by letter to the commissioner of Fish and Fisheries. 2. While on this service they shall obey the orders and directions of the commissioner. In case of his absence or disability his duties de- volve by law upon an assistant, whom he has authority to designate, and whose directions under such circumstances shall be obeyed. 3. While on duty under the Fish Commission, officers will be held directly responsible to the Secretary of the Navy for con- formity to the rules and articles for the government of the Navy and the Navy regulations, except only in so far as they may be incon- sistent with the special service in which they are engaged. They will also be held directly responsible for the care of the persons, vessels, and public property that may be placed under their control. Art. 51. Officers on duty 1. Officers ordered to duty under the Coast and Geodetic Survey in ,-,,at survey. ghall report by le t ter to the Secretary of the Treasury. 2. While on this service they shall obey the orders and directions of the Secretary of the Treasury and of the Superintendent of the Coast Survey. 3. While on duty under the Coast and Geodetic Survey officers will be held directly responsible to the Navy Department for conformity to the rules and articles for the government of the Navy and the Navy regulations, except only in so far as they may be inconsistent with the special service in which they are engaged. They will also be held directly responsible for the care of the persons, vessels, and public property that may be placed under their control. SECTION 3. STATUTE LAWS AND DECISIONS ON RANK AND COMMAND. Art. 52. Act of Congress " Commanding officers of vessels of war and of naval stations shall approved^March 3^ take p rece( j enc e over all officers placed under their command, and Large, vol. 13, the Secretary of the Navy may, in his discretion, detail a line officer to act as the aid or executive of 1'ie commanding officer of a vessel of war or naval station, which o^'rer shall, when not impracticable, be next in rank to said command - officer and who, as such aid or ex- ecutive, shall, while executing p orders of the commanding officer RANK, COMMAND, AND DUTY. 17 on board such vessel -or at such station, take precedence over all officers attached to such vessel or station; and all orders of such aid or executive shall be regarded as proceeding from the commanding officer; and such aid or executive shall have no independent authority in consequence of such detail; and staff officers, senior to the officers so detailed, shall have the right to communicate directly with the commanding officer, and in processions on shore, on courts-martial, summary courts, courts of inquiry, boards of survey, and all other boards, line and staff officers shall take precedence according to rank." Art. 53. The foregoing are provisions of the statute laws of the country. Decisions. In view of the fact that their meaning and force have been sometimes misunderstood, they are here given for the information of the service, with the following declarations and regulations promulgated as the views of the Secretary of the Navy upon the subject matter, and his official construction of the law as it exists in relation thereto. By the force of naval law, and regulations made in conformity therewith, the' following principles are established and exist as essentials of all military service, without which there can be neither command, discipline, nor responsibility. 1. Officers entrusted with the command of vessels of war or naval stations, or with the command or direction of any military expedition or duty, whatever their rank, must, while properly in such command or direction, have full command, authority, and precedence over all officers and persons, of whatever rank, serving in such vessel, station or expedition, or in the execution of such duty. This authority and precedence will descend to the officer or person on whom such com- mand or direction may devolve by reason of the death, disability, or absence of the person otherwise in command or direction. 2. In case of the death, disability, or absence of an officer in mili- tary command or direction, this command and direction, with all its authority and precedence devolves and rests upon the line officer next in rank who may be present and on duty with such command. In processions on shore all officers take precedence according to their rank; but when such procession forms a military command, the com- mand devolves upon the senior officer present eligible to command and authority and precedence attach accordingly. On all courts- martial, courts of inquiry, boards of survey, and other boards, line and staff officers take precedence according to rank. The senior offi- cer of such courts or boards presides by virtue of his rank. 3. Officers of the staff corps of the Navy shall on all occasions be treated with the same respect as officers of corresponding rank in the line, not in command, under like circumstances. Their legal rank carries with it the same personal dignity and is to receive, in all re- spects, the same consideration. If they are at any time subordinated for any purpose of organization or duty, to the exercise of authority delegated by law to their juniors in actual or relative rank, it is for 134482 18 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. reasons growing out of the necessities of military service, operating alike on all officers of both line and staff under like circumstances, and subject to the same conditions applicable to all. The right of military command and to additional quarters is restricted by law. 4. No officer of any grade of the Navy is authorized by virtue of his own mere rank and authority to give any order or grant any privi- lege, permission, or liberty to his senior in rank of any corps; nor is any senior officer required to receive such order, privilege, permis- sion or liberty from his junior, unless such junior is at the time in command of the vessel of war or naval station to which the senior is attached, or in command or direction of the military expedition or duty on which such senior is serving, or is, as aid or executive, exe- cuting such order of the commanding officer; and no commanding officer is authorized to delegate to any junior the authority to grant any permission, privilege or liberty to his senior, but must himself receive and hear, under proper regulations, any request therefor from such senior, satisfying himself as to its propriety, and deciding the matter in the exercise of his own authority. Any officer on ship- board, however, who is intrusted by general provision or special order of proper authority with any duty, the present performance of which may involve the movements of the ship itself, or the attitude of the ship's company as a whole, represents the commanding officer for that purpose, and is intrusted, for the time, with all the authority necessary for the proper performance of such duty; and all officers, of whatever rank, are required to assist in carrying out such duty, and to receive and execute his orders for that purpose; nor will he be interfered with therein, unless by the captain, or the officer next in command, who is entitled to relieve him in the performance of such duty. Art. 54. The efficiency of every military organization requires of the com- manding authority, besides the general duties of command and direc- tion, the additional duties of organization, police, and inspection; all these appertain to and go with the command. For the relief of the commanding officer they are usually intrusted, in their details, to subordinates, but they are performed by his authority and under his direction. On shipboard the Secretary of the Navy, by authority of law, designates the senior line officer to perform these duties in addition to the ordinary duties assigned to him as such line officer attached to the ship. The officer so designated is called, for the time being, " the aid or executive of the commanding officer ". This is not a new rank; nor has the officer by virtue of the title, or in conse- quence of the detail, any new " independent authority ". It is merely a designation of the officer who, for the relief of the captain and by his authority alone, carries out, on board the ship, the details of or- ganization, inspection, and police. 1. As the officer in charge of the police of the ship and the execu- tion of all provisions made for her general good condition, appear- BANK, COMMAND, AND DUTY. 19 ance, and safety, his duties are constant and call him everywhere, and give him, as representative of the captain for that purpose, charge of and authority over the details necessary to the proper per- formance of all police duties. To this authority all officers and per- sons are required to yield full and prompt acquiescence. 2. As the inspecting officer of the ship, required at stated periods to examine and report her general condition and efficiency in all her departments, the aid or executive is entitled to make personal exami. nation of and report upon all these, and for that purpose every facil- ity is to be afforded him by every officer attached to the vessel ; and all officers in charge of storerooms or other parts of the ship are required to have such storerooms or parts of the ship in proper con- dition for his inspection, at such times as may be designated by the commanding officer. 3. As the officer to whom the details of the organization of the ship's company are intrusted, the aid or the executive is the proper person to station the officers and crew, and to prepare, form, parade, and present them in proper attitude for review and inspection by the captain or other proper officer, and for this purpose he has authority to take preliminary charge of all formations and parades, to see that the whole is properly organized and paraded, and to re- ceive the reports customary on such occasions from the officers in charge of departments and divisions, and transmit them as a whole to the captain. While carrying out the details of organization and those of police and inspection, in execution of the orders of the com- manding officer, the aid or executive takes precedence over all offi- cers attached to the ship, and shall be obeyed and respected accord- ingly. Reports of heads of departments and of officers senior in rank to the aid or executive, other than those above mentioned, will be made direct to the commanding officer. The commanding officer is authorized to grant temporary leave of absence to the officers and others attached to the vessel. Under his orders and special direc- tions, such leave of absence may be granted by the aid or executive to officers who are junior to him in rank ; these officers will report their return from leave to the aid or executive. Officers senior in rank to the aid or executive desiring to leave the ship will obtain the required permission directly from the commanding officer, and upon their return from leave will report the same to him. All offi- cers will report their permission to leave the ship, and their return, to the officer of the deck. The departure and return of officers senior to the aid or executive will be reported to the latter by the officer of the deck. 4. These duties of organization, inspection, and police devolve upon "the aid or executive of the commanding officer of a vessel of war" by virtue of his detail as such "aid or executive", and they, and the exercise of the authority necessary to execute them, are recognized by all military law and usage, and by the statute which 20 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. authorizes his designation. But they are duties pertaining to the command, delegated, under sanction of law, by the captain to his " aid or executive ", who, in carrying them out, is " executing the orders of the commanding officer", and the authority exercised as necessary to their execution is the authority of " the commanding officer", exercised by his "aid or executive", and not the authority of the " aid or executive " himself. By the express provision of the statute, this officer has " no independent authority " as such " aid or executive," but exercises only the authority necessarily delegated for the execution " of the orders of the commanding officer ". This delegated authority, however, is recognized by the statute which confers on the " aid or executive ", while exercising it, " precedence over all officers attached to the ship ", of whatever rank or corps. But this special precedence is given to him only "while executing the orders of the commanding officer on board ship", and is not his under other circumstances. 5. The officer in command of a ship of war is not authorized to delegate his power, except for the carrying out of the details of the general duties to be performed by his authority. The command is his, and he can neither delegate the duties of it to another, nor avoid its burdens, nor escape its responsibilities; and his "aid or exec- utive ", in the exercise of the power given to him for " executing the orders of the commanding officer", must keep himself constantly in- formed of the commander's opinions and wishes thereon ; and when- ever and as soon .as he may be informed or is in doubt as to such opinion or wishes, he must remedy such defect by prompt and per- sonal application, to the end that the authority of the captain may be used only to carry out his own views; and that he may not be, by its unwarranted exercise, in any measure relieved from his official responsibilities, which can neither be assumed by nor fall upon any other officer. 6. The details of these duties may be more fully defined by general or special orders and regulations, but the " aid or executive of the commanding officer of a vessel of war" has, as such "aid or exec- utive ", no other duties or authority except those which come within the scope of the above descriptions; and any other authority at any time to be exercised by the officer designated as such " aid or exec- utive " must be such authority only as belongs to him by virtue of his rank in the line. This is his, in his own right, with all the power and precedence which belong to it, but it is to be exercised only according to the general rules governing alike all officers of all corps and every grade. 7. It is not necessary, nor consistent with military usage and effi- ciency, that the " aid or executive " should be required to announce with every order given, or authority exercised by him as such, that he is "executing the orders of the commanding officer". The dele- gated character of this authority is fully understood, and is defined RANK, COMMAND, AND DUTY. 21 by the statute, which contemplates obedience to it as such by " all officers attached to the vessel ", and the statute, while it provides that the officer detailed to act as " aid or executive " shall, " when not impracticable, be next in rank to the commanding officer", still con- templates the same obedience when this is impracticable. 8. Any complaint or appeal growing out of the exercise of these duties should be made to the commanding officer, and the right to make any such complaint or appeal shall not be denied to any one. The right of all officers, whether of the line or staff, to communicate with the commanding officer at all proper times and places, is not to be denied nor restricted; but this does not interfere with the duty of all such officers to recognize and acquiesce in the authority delegated to the "aid or executive" for the purpose of police, . organization, and inspection as aforesaid, nor confer upon any such officer the right to interrupt the ordinary course of military organization or duty, while in actual execution, for the purpose of making such communication. Art. 55. Every officer in charge of a department has the general right, at all proper times, to communicate and confer directly with the re- sponsible commanding officer concerning any matter relating to his department; and his duty to do so is absolute whenever he thinks it necessary for the good of his department, or of the service. CHAPTER III. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS. SECTION 1. THE PRESIDENT, THE VICE-PRESIDENT, AN EX-PRESI- DENT, THE PRESIDENT OR SOVEREIGN OF A FOREIGN STATE, MEMBERS OP ROYAL FAMILIES. Art. 56. 1. When the President visits a ship of the Navy, all officers of the vessel shall assemble in special full dress on the side of the quarter-deck on which he enters; he shall be received at the gang- way by the senior officer on board, accompanied by such other of- ficers as he may designate; the yards or rail shall be manned; the full marine guard paraded; and such of the crew as are not otherwise employed formed in order forward of the guard. When the President reaches the deck, officers and men shall salute; the marine guard present arms; the drum give four ruffles and the bugle sound four nourishes; the ruffles and flourishes shall be followed by the national air by the band; the President's flag shall be displayed at the main at the moment he reaches the deck and kept flying as long as he is on board. A national salute shall be fired as soon as practicable after the President and his suite shall have been received. The same cere- . monies shall be observed when the President leaves the ship; the salute to be fired when the boats shall be sufficiently clear. The President's flag shall be hauled down with the la^t gun of the salute. 2. All other United States ships of war present at the time of the , r ^ n e t rU ' s< 8hips official reception or departure of the President, shall, unless otherwise directed by the senior naval officer present, man yards or rail and fire a national salute at the same time as the ship visited. 3. A ship of war flying the flag of the President shall be regarded The President's . A . ,. ship the senior. as the senior ship present, and her motions followed accordingly. 4. Whenever the President is embarked in a ship of war flying his Ships failing in 11 ^.i. TT -x j ox i_- r. with the President. flag, all other United States ships of war, on meeting her at sea, or elsewhere, and all naval batteries when she is passing, shall fire a national salute. 5. When the President, embarked in a boat or ship with his flag The President ,. . . , , . . , passing otherships. flying, passes close aboard a ship of war, the marine guard of the latter shall be paraded in a conspicuous position, four ruffles given on the drum and four flourishes sounded on the bugle, the national air shall be played by the band, and officers and men shall salute. The same ceremonies shall be observed by a ship when passing the Presi- dent's flag. 23 24 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 57. Reception of the When the Vice President of the United States visits a ship of the ent> Navy, he shall receive the same honors as prescribed in Art. 56, par. - 1, except that the yards or rail shall not be manned, and there shall be but one salute of nineteen guns, which will be fired at his de- parture, the national ensign being displayed at the fore during the salute. Art. 58. Reception of an When an Ex-President of the United States visits a ship of the Navy, he shall receive the same honors as prescribed in Art. 56, par. 1, except that the yards or rail shall not be manned, and no flag shall be displayed in his honor, unless the reception takes place in a foreign port, when the national ensign shall be displayed at the main during the salutes. Art. 59. Reception of a When the president of a foreign republic or a foreign sovereign foreign president . . or sovereign. visits a ship of the Navy, the same honors as those prescribed in Art. 56, par. 1, shall be extended, except that the national ensign of the country represented shall be displayed at the main during the entire . visit, and the national air of that country played by the band. Art. 60. me^be?"?^ roya* When any member of a royal family visits a ship of the Navy, the family. honors prescribed in Art. 59 shall be extended, except that the national flag shall be displayed only during the salute. Art. 61. Meeting a for- Whenever a ship of the Navy falls in with a friendly foreign ship eign president, sov- ereign, or member of war flying the standard or flag of a president of a republic, sov- of a royal family. ere ig nj or member of a royal family, or passes near such standard or flag, if flying elsewhere than from a ship of war, a national salute shall be fired and the flag of the nation of the president, sovereign, or prince displayed at the main during the salute. Art. 62. Ships authorized None of the foregoing salutes shall be fired by any except ships au- thorized to salute according to Art. 119. SECTION 2. CIVTL OFFICERS OF THE GOVERNMENT, MEMBERS OF THE DIPLOMATIC CORPS, AND CONSUL'S. Art. 63. Reception of the When the Secretary of the Navy visits officially a ship of the of the Navy, all officers of the vessel shall assemble in special full dress on the side of the quarter-deck on which he enters; he shall be re- ceived at the gangway by the senior officer on board, accom- panied by such other officers as he may designate; the full marine HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS. 25 guard shall be paraded and the crew formed in order forward of the guard. "When the Secretary reaches the deck, officers and men shall salute; the marine guard present arms; the drum give four ruffles and the bugle sound four flourishes; the ruffles and flourishes shall be followed by a march by the band; and the Secretary's flag shall be displayed at the main while he is on board. The same ceremonies shall be observed when the Secretary of the Navy officially leaves the ship, and in addition a salute of seventeen guns shall be fired upon his leaving. Art. 64. When the Assistant Secretary of the Navy visits officially a ship of the Navy, he shall be received with suitable ceremonies. At his de- parture the same ceremonies shall be observed and a salute of fifteen guns shall be fired. Art. 65. "When a member of the President's cabinet other than the Secretary Members of the XT rr> ' 11 ' -J. i_. f .LI. -XT ii- President's cabi- of the Navy officially visits a ship of the Navy, the same honors as net. prescribed in Art. 63 shall be extended except that the officers shall wear dress uniform and the national ensign shall be displayed at the fore during the salute. Art. 66. When the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States CM** Justice of _, . .. , . . ,, -VT- the Supreme Court. visits officially a ship of the Navy, the same honors as prescribed in Art. 65 shall be extended. Art. 67. When a Governor of one of the States of the United States visits Governor of a officially a ship of the Navy within the waters of the State of which he is Governor, the same honors as prescribed in Art. 65 shall be ex- tended. Art. 68. When the President of the Senate, a committee of Congress, or the A committee of Speaker of the House of Representatives visits officially a ship of the speaker* of the Navy, the same honors as prescribed in Art. 65 shall be extended. totiv^ Bepre86n " Art. 69. When an envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary of the Envoy extraordi- United States visits officially a ship of the Navy within the waters of ptenip^enUao-!**' the nation to which he is accredited, he shall be received by the senior officer on board and such other officers as the latter may designate? in dress uniform, with a guard of marines, three ruffles and flourishes, and a march by the band. Upon his departure a salute of fifteen guns shall be fired with the national ensign displayed at the fore dur- ing the salute. Art. 70. When a minister resident, or a diplomatic representative above the Minister resident rank of charg6 d'affairs and below that of envoy extraordinary and 2(5 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. minister plenipotentiary of the United States, visits officially a ship of the Navy within the waters of the nation to which he is accredited, he shall be received in the same manner as provided in Art. 69, except that the drum shall give two ruffles and the salute shall be of thirteen guns. Art. 71. Charge d'aflairea. A charg6 d'affaires visiting a ship of the Navy under circumstances similar to those mentioned in Art. 69 shall receive the same honors as prescribed in Art. 70, except that the salute shall be eleven guns and one flourish and ruffle. Art. 72. Consul general. When a consul general visits officially a ship of the Navy, within the foreign port to which he belongs, he shall be received by the cap- tain, and a sergeant's guard of marines shall be paraded. At his de- parture a salute of nine guns shall be fired with the national ensign displayed at the fore during the salute. Art. 73. Consul. A consul visiting a ship of the Navy as specified in Art. 72, shall re- ceive the same honors as therein prescribed, except that the salute shall be seven guns. Art. 74. Commercial agent A. commercial agent or a vice consul officially visiting a ship of the or vice consul. Navy within the foreign port to which he belongs, and where he is the only representative of the United States, shall be received by the captain with appropriate honors, and on his departure a salute of five guns shall be fired with the national ensign displayed at the fore during the salute SECTION 3. NAVAL, AND MILITARY OFFICERS. Art. 75. Saintei. An admiral is entitled to a salute of seventeen guns and four ruf- fles and flourishes. A vice admiral is entitled to a salute of fifteen guns and three ruf- fles and flourishes. A rear admiral is entitled to a salute of thirteen guns and two ruf- fles and flourishes. A commodore is entitled to a salute of eleven guns and one ruffle and flourish. A captain or commander appointed to command a squadron is en- titled to the salute and other honors due the temporary rank conferred upon him by his government. Art. 76. A flag officer as- When a flag officer goes on board his flagship to assume command the nines command. officers of tne vessel shall assemble in dress uniform on the side of the quarter-deck on which he enters; he shall be received at the gangway by the captain and such other officers as the latter may designate; the full marine guard shall be paraded and the crew at quarters ready for inspection. When the flag officer reaches the deck, officers and men shall salute; the marine guard present arms; ruffles and flourishes be given; the band play a march; and the flag officer's flag shall be hoisted and saluted with the number of guns to which he is entitled. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS. 27 Art. 77. When a flag officer relinquishes his command afloat, the ceremonies A flag officer reiin- .,., _ 11 i_ A I_T- j qnishes command. at his departure shall be the same as when he assumes command. His flag shall be hauled down at the last gun of the salute. Art. 78. When a flag officer goes on board a ship of his command to make an A flag officer in- , ,, , , .., , spects a ship of his official inspection he shall be received with the same honors as pre- command, scribed in Art. 76, except that he shall prescribe the dress to be worn, Fla g r pennant and his flag shall not be hoisted unless hauled down from his flagship- one ship only. At no time shall his flag be displayed from more than one ship. Art. 79. When a flag officer visits officially for the first time a ship of the A flag officer vis- Navy not under his command, he shall be received by the senior officer hiB^ommand? n on board and officers of the personal staff and of the watch; the ma- rine guard shall be paraded and ruffles and flourishes be given. The same ceremonies shall be observed on his departure, and a salute fired. Art. 80. If a ship shall be inspected by a board of inspection when a flag A flag officer sen- ,.,,,,., , ., , ior member of a officer is senior member of the board, the same ceremonies shall be board of inspection, observed as in the preceding article. The flag of such senior member shall not be hoisted. Art. 81. If a flag officer assumes command in the presence of another flag A flag oflicer as- r , suming command officer, his senior, the flag of the former shall not be saluted, but he in presence of an- shall salute the flag of his senior, which salute shall be returned accord- other flag offlcer ' ing to the scale prescribed in Art. 75. If a flag officer assumes com- mand in the presence of another flag officer his junior, then the salute provided for in Art. 76 shall be fired, and in addition he shall be saluted by the junior flag officer and by him only. This salute shall be returned according to the scale prescribed in Art. 75. Art. 82. When a flag officer leaves or returns to his flagship, the marine A flag officer , , ,, , ,, , ~, ,,, ., . , ,,, , leaving or return- guard shall be paraded and ruffles and flourishes given; he shall be ing to his flagship. accompanied to the gangway or received by the captain, the officer of the deck, the officers of his personal staff and the junior officers of the watch. (See Arts. 89 and 97.) Art. 83. When a flag officer embarked in a ship or boat with his flag flying, Saluting a flag " officer when pass- passes near a ship of war, a guard of marines shall be paraded in a ing. conspicuous position, ruffles and flourishes given and officers and men present in sight shall salute. The same ceremonies shall be observed by a ship passing the flag of a flag officer. This rule is not to be observed while performing tactical evolutions. 28 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 84. A flag officer ab- if a fl a g oflBcer is absent from his flagship at night with the inten- tion of returning, his absence shall be indicated by three lights dis- played at the peak. When a flag officer is about to leave his flagship officially during the day, a blue pennant shall be hoisted under his own flag, to indicate to the ships in company that the guards are to be paraded. Masthead light All flagships when in port or when at sea in company with other ships, shall carry a light at the mizzen masthead from_sunset to day- light. Art. 85. A flag officer as- "When a flag officer assumes or relinquishes command of a naval games or relin- .,.,,,, ., , quisnes command station, he shall receive the same honors, so far as practicable, as of a nayal station. prescribed in Arts. 76 and 77. Art. 86. Flag officers ea- When a ship of the Navy, other than a flagship, falls in with a flag officer afloat, he shall be saluted as provided in Art. 83, and not again saluted by this ship during his command, unless on the occasion of promotion or a visit of inspection. If two or more ships in company fall in for the first time with a flag officer, other than the one under whom they are serving, only the senior of the ships in company shall salute. Art. 87. Flag officers na- H- a ^ eet or S( l ua d ron fvill& in with another fleet or squadron, or if luted when meet- one flagship falls in with another, the senior flag officers will exchange salutes; the junior fleet or squadron commander first saluting the senior, the number of guns fired to be in accordance with Art. 75. These salutes shall not be repeated by the same commanders unless one or the other is in the meantime promoted. Art. 88. When a major general or brigadier general of the United States Army visits officially a ship of the Navy, he shall be received and Nav y- saluted in the same manner as prescribed in Art. 79, except that the major general commanding the Army shall be saluted with fifteen guns and three ruffles and flourishes. Art. 89. No officer of the Navy, except flag officers, commodores, or offi- uted. 00 to ** "*" cers kldi n S tne relative rank of commodore, and no officer of the Army, except those mentioned in Art. 88, shall be saluted with cannon. No officer in plain clothes shall be saluted with cannon or have a guard paraded in his honor. Art. 90. The same ceremonies shall be observed in the case of a commodore ore ' commanding a squadron as in that of flag officer, with the exceptions noted in Art. 75. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS. Art. 91. 29 When a captain of a ship leaves or goes on board of the vessel A captain . lea ?' < * r or returns to nifl under his command, he shall be attended at the side by the officer who ship. in his absence succeeds to the command; if of or above the grade of lieutenant commander, a sergeant's guard of marines shall be paraded in his honor. Art. 92. "When any captain of a ship visits officially another ship of the Navy, ^ he shall be attended at his reception and departure by the command- Navy. ing officer and, if of or above the grade of lieutenant commander, a sergeant's guard of marines shall be paraded in his honor. Art. 93. When an officer of the Army commanding a military post or station, of or above the grade of major and not above the grade of colonel, visits officially any ship of the Navy, he shall receive the same honors as prescribed in Art. 92. Field officers in SECTION 4. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS IN GENERAL. Art. 94. The officer of the deck will attend at the gangway on the arrival or Officer of the deck . . , ,; ,. . , attendsat the gang- departure of any commissioned officer or distinguished visitor. way. Art. 95. On the occasion of the official reception or departure of a civil, dip- Piping the side. lomatic, or consular official, or of any commissioned officer of the Navy or Army, the side shall be piped, provided the marine guard is not paraded. The side shall not be piped when the marine guard is paraded. The side shall not be piped for shore boats, but officers in them, if in uniform, may be so saluted on reaching or leaving the deck. Piping the side for officers may be dispensed with, without distinction of rank or grade, on board of the ship to which they are attached, by order of the captain, except when side arms are worn. Art. 96. In ships where there are apprentices or other suitable enlisted side boy*, men to act as side boys, they shall attend at the side when the side is piped as follows: 1. For officials saluted with fifteen or more guns, eight. 2. For officials saluted with eleven or thirteen guns, six. 3. For other officers of and above the relative rank of commander, and for officials entitled to corresponding honors, four. 4. For other commissioned officers of the Navy, and officials entitled to corresponding honors, two. 30 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 97. Side honors dis- All honors except such as social courtesy may demand shall be dispensed with at the reception and departure of all officers under the following circumstances: 1. When they are in plain clothes. 2. When the departure or reception takes place after sunset and be- fore 8 a. m. 3. During the meal hours of the crew, for officers of the U. S. Navy. Art. 98. Sentries to salute. Between 8 a. m. and sunset, the sentries at the gangways shall salute all officers in uniform when going or coming over the side. All sentries on the upper deck or in view from outside, shall salute all commissioned officers passing them close aboard, in boats, or other- wise. Art. 99. Use of gangways. The starboard gangway will be used by all commissioned officers and their visitors; the port gangway will be used by all other persons. If the construction of the ship or other circumstance makes a change in this rule expedient, the change may be made in the discretion of the commanding officer. salutes to the Every officer or man, upon reaching the quarter-deck, or upon leaving it to go over the side, shall salute the national ensign. This salute shall be returned by the officers of the watch at hand. Art. 100. Personal salutes Any officer or man, in uniform or not, when meeting, passing, or Navy^Arnjjs and addressing, either ashore or afloat, his commanding officer, or an Marine Corps. officer his senior in actual or relative rank, whether in uniform or not, shall salute him. An officer saluted shall return the salute. When several officers are together in uniform, the senior only shall return a salute. Personal salutes and other marks of respect due their rank, shall always be extended to officers of the Army and Marine Corps. Art. 101. Form of salute. 1- The salute for all officers and men, in uniform or not, when not under arms, shall be that prescribed in the Instructions for Infantry. Officers in boats shall salute as laid down in Art. 105. 2. When no head covering is worn, the salute shall consist in stand- ing at attention facing the officer saluted. Art. 102. Salutes by the When any member of the crew is seated and not at work, he shall crew on shipboard. rige upon t j ie approach of an officer and salute him. If the officer remains in the vicinity some time, the salute need not be repeated. Men actually engaged in work are not required to cease working and salute upon the approach of an officer, unless addressed by him. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS. 31 Art. 103. The side shall be sufficiently lighted to enable officers* to go on Lights at the board or take their departure without inconvenience. After tattoo au s wa y- all lights but one, except in the case of the reception or departure of a foreign officer, may be dispensed with. Art. 104. Except where there is a special countersign, boats shall vary their Answering "the answer to a ship's hail, according to the senior officer who may be in the boat, as follows: 1. Flag officer: "Flag." 2. Commodore: "Broad pennant." 3. Captain: the name of the ship under his command. 4. Other commissioned officers: "Aye, aye." 5. Other officers: "No, no." 6. Petty officers, enlisted men, and marines: "Hello." 7. Boats not intending to go alongside will answer: "Passing." Art. 105. When meeting or passing the boat of a flag officer or commodore Salutes when in with flag or broad pennant flying, boats flying narrow pennants shall salute by laying on oars; all other boats shall salute by tossing or trailing oars. 2. Any officer in a boat meeting or passing his captain with pennant flying shall salute him by laying on oars; when the captain is not flying his pennant, shall salute with the hand. Other captains senior in rank shall be saluted in the same manner. 8. Every officer when meeting or passing a boat containing an offi cer his senior, in cases not herein provided for, whether in uniform or not, shall salute. 4. The senior officer only in a boat saluted shall return the salute. 5. A coxswain in charge of a boat meeting or passing officers in other boats, or when steering a boat extending or returning a salute, shall stand and salute. 6. Boatkeepers, and all other men in boats not under way and not containing an officer, shall stand and salute when an officer goes alongside, leaves the side, or passes near them. They shall remain standing until the boat passes or reaches the ship's side. This shall not apply to men working on the ship's side. 7. In boats under sail, or engaged in towing, or heavily laden, the salute with the hand only will be given. 8. At landings and gangways juniors shall give way to seniors, and at all times juniors shall show deference to their seniors by abstain- ing from crossing the bows of their boats, crowding them, or ignoring their presence. Art. 106. Cheers shall not be given as a compliment to any officer. Cheering. 32 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. How officers are addressed. To dress ship. Art. 107. Officers in verbal official communications shall be addressed solely by their titles as given in their commissions or as they appear in the Navy Eegister; those below the rank of commander in the line, and all officers of the staff, may be addressed by their title, or as Mr. or Dr. as the case may be. Art. 108. Ships of the Navy shall be dressed as follows: The topgallant yards across and everything in order above the rail; a national ensign at the peak and at each masthead; the union jack displayed forward; and lines of signal and other flags and pennants, not national, ex- tending from the water to the jib-boom end, thence to the fore top- gallant masthead, to the main, to the mi.zzen, to the peak, to the spanker boom end, and to the water. There shall be no ensign displayed at a masthead where the flag or pennant of a flag officer, commodore or senior officer is flying. In ships having less than three masts, the disposition of decorations shall be as nearly in accord with the foregoing as possible. Art. 109. To man yards. On an occasion of manning yards at the reception of any distin- guished personage, the men shall be sent aloft in time to lay out when the approaching boat is at a distance at which a pulling boat would toss the bow oars; those forward of the gangway will face aft and those abaft, forward; they will lay in and lay down at the last gun of the salute, or in case no salute is fired, upon the completion of the side honors. Upon his departure, the men will lay out as he comes on deck and face as before; they will lay in and lay down at the last gun. If his movements render it necessary, the men while on the yards will be faced about by word of command so as to continue facing the visitor. The senior officer may dispense with manning yards on occasions when the weather or other circumstances render it unsafe, or when ships are not properly masted or rigged for such a ceremony. In the the latter case the rail may be manned for personages visiting or passing the ship. Art. 110. Manning rail. Visits of courtesy. An officer joining a ship or naval station shall, in addition tore- porting for duty, make a visit of courtesy to his flag officer and cap- tain or commandant. Art. 111. Distinguished of- When any distinguished official visits a navy yard or naval station, ywdli. vlBItmgIiaTy he shall, so far as practicable, receive the same honors as if visiting a ship of the Navy. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS. 33 SECTION 5. HONORS AND SALUTES TO FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS AND OFFICIALS. Art. 112. "When a ship of the Navy enters a port of any foreign nation where el ' s * lut l* * tor ~ there is a fort or battery or where a ship of war of that nation is lying, she shall fire a salute of twenty-one guns provided the captain is satisfied that the salute will be returned. In case two or more ships enter in company only the senior will salute. This shall be the first salute fired after entering the port. The ensign of the nation saluted shall be displayed at the main during the salute. Art. 113. When a ship of the Navy falls in at sea with a friendly foreign Salutes to for- eign flag officers. ship of war flying the flag or pennant of a flag officer or commo- dore, she shall exchange salutes with such ship of war in the same manner as when meeting similar ships of the United States, as pro- vided in Arts. 86 and 87, except that the salute will be returned gun for gun. In port, if several flag officers are to be saluted the salutes shall be fired in the order of their rank; if of the same grade, pri- ority shall be given, first, to the nationality of the port, and second, to the length of service of the flag officers in their respective com- mands. As between flag officers of the same grade, the last comer will salute first. These salutes shall be fired as soon as possible after the usual boarding visits have been made. Art. 114. On the occasion of the first official visit of a foreign naval or mill- Salutes to other tary officer, a member of the diplomatic corps, or other distinguished forelgn ofl official to a ship of the Navy, he is to receive the same honors as an official of the United States of the same grade or rank. A foreign official not thus provided for, when visiting a ship of the Navy, may be saluted either at his reception or departure with the number of guns he would be entitled to receive if visiting a ship of his own nation, or the number prescribed by the senior officer, not, however, to exceed nineteen. (See Arts. Ill and 131.) No personal flag of any foreign official shall be saluted except as prescribed in Arts. 61 and 113 unless assurance is received that the salute will be returned. Art. 115. No salute shall be fired in honor of any nation, or of any official of Nations not reo- any nation, not formally recognized by the Government of the United States. Art. 116. Officers and men of the Navy shall extend to foreign officials, when fo passing near ships of the Navy with the insignia of their rank flying, or when -met ashore or afloat, the personal salutes and other marks of respect due to similar officials of the United States. 134483 34 U. S. NAVY KEGULATIONS. Art. 117 Lowering sail and No ship of the Navy shall lower her sails or dip her ensign unless dipping ensign. . , , . in return for such compliments. Art. 118. National airs National airs of foreign states shall be played by the band as a com- played in compli- ment, phment as follows : 1. In the morning after colors, the national air of the port, followed by the national airs of the ships of war present in the order of rank. (See Art. 113.) 2. When passing or being passed by a foreign ship of war close aboard, at which time officers and men on deck in sight shall salute and sentries present arms. SECTION 6. SALUTES IN GENERAL. Art. 119. Saluting ships. Ships of the Navy shall not salute unless they belong to classes which have been designated by the Navy Department as saluting ships, or unless salutes are required upon special occasions of inter- national courtesy. Art. 120. A national sa- A national salute shall consist of twenty-one guns. lute. Art. 121. Salutes in pres- NO salute shall be fired in the presence of a senior without his per- ence of a senior. . , mission, except it be one in honor of such senior. Art. 122. when salutes may No salute shall be fired between sunset and sunrise. As a general rule, salutes shall be fired between 8 a. m. and sunset. Salutes shall not be fired on Sunday, unless required by international courtesy. The national ensign shall always be displayed during a salute. Art. 123. u. s. forts. Forts and cities of the United States shall not be saluted by ships of the Navy. Art. 124. Not to salute Salutes shall not be fired in ports, or parts of ports, where they are where forbidden * J by local authori- forbidden by the local authorities. ties. Art. 125. Boats while sa- Any boat having an official on board shall lay on oars, bows for- lute is firing. f 5 . . ward, during the firing of a salute in his honor. Art. 126. Officials entitled When two or more officials, each entitled to a salute, visit a ship of 8 *'"* in tlie Navy and depart in company, but one salute shall be fired, and that to the senior. If they depart in succession, each shall be saluted. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS. 35 Art. 127. When any official entitled to a salute embarks in a ship of the Navy Salute to an for the purpose of making a passage in her, he shall be saluted when ^sage. m going on board and again upon disembarking. Art. 128. When in doubt as to what officials are to be visited, saluted, or other- When in doubt i_ j if m , i .L /. a 8 to tne rank f wise honored, or as to the rankoi any omcial, or whether a salute (in- an official. volving a return) will be returned, captains of ships of the Navy will first send an officer to the official or other suitable person to obtain the required information. Art. 129. The jib shall not be hoisted when saluting flag officers, except as Not to use the jib. a return for a similar compliment. Art. 130. Salutes and other ceremonies attending the reception or departure Salutes and cere- of officials may be dispensed with at the personal request of the offi- e u"edwith. be cers in whose honor they are prescribed. Art. 131. The same official, whether naval, military, or civil, shall not be When salutes are saluted by the same ship at the same place, or by a naval station due ' oftener than once in twelve months, or by more than one ship at the same place on the same day, unless such official is entitled to a salute of nineteen or more guns, or has been advanced in rank since the last salute. No port shall be saluted by the same ship oftener than once in twelve months. Exceptions may be made to this rule as a matter of courtesy to foreign authorities. SECTION 7. RETURN SALUTES. Art. 132. The following arrangements entered into by the maritime powers Return salutes, will be observed in regard to returning salutes: 1. Salutes to be returned gun for gun. 1. To the national flag upon arrival in a foreign port. II. To foreign flag officers and commodores when met at sea or in port. 2. Salutes not to be returned. I. To a president of a republic, royal personages, or members of royal families, whether on arrival at or departure from a port, or upon visiting ships of war. II. To diplomatic, naval, military, or consular authorities, or to governors, or officers administering a government, whether on arrival at or departure from a port, or when visiting ships of war. III. To foreigners of high distinction on visiting ships of war. IV. Upon occasions of national festivals or anniversaries. 36 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 133. Foreign salute When the flag of the Secretary of the Navy is saluted by a foreign to the Secretary's , . .. ... , Sag. ship or battery, it will be returned gun for gun. Art. 134. Return salutes of When flag officers of the United States are saluted at sea or in port by ships of the United States, return salutes will be as follows: 1. To a flag officer, gun for gun. 2. To a commodore, eleven guns. 3. To any other commanding officer, seven guns. Art. 135. Salutes t o fl a g Salutes fired to flag officers, either of the United States or of any officers, when not , , . . . . . to be returned. foreign state, on the occasion of their paying official visits, are not to be returned. Art. 136. Salutes to TT. s. It is the duty of a fort or other army post to return a national salute ports to be returned ,, , , . . , . . . ., ., , T ., , . , by whom. fired by a foreign ship of war entering a port of the United States. In case there is no fort or post capable of returning the salute, it will be returned by the senior ship present, and if there be none, by a naval battery or station. Art. 137. TT^^V^ 1168 to No salutes to officials of the United States are to be returned ex- U. 8. officials may not be returned, cept those to the flag or pennant of a superior naval officer. SECTION 8. ENSIGNS DISPLAYED WHEX SALUTING OB RETURNING SALUTES. Art. 138. The following rules in regard to displaying ensigns while saluting or returning salutes shall be observed: Salutes to func- i. On the occasion of saluting the officials mentioned in Sees. 1 and tionaries mention- ed in Sees, i and 2. 2, ensigns shall be displayed as therein directed. National salutes. 2. When firing a national salute upon entering a foreign port, or when returning the same from a ship of war of a foreign nation, the ensign of the foreign nation shall be displayed at the main. Foreign national 3. On all occasions of celebrating foreign national anniversaries or fwt/vaisf 111 r festivals, when salutes are fired, the ensign of the nation celebrating the day will be displayed at the main during the salute and for such further time as the ships of such nation present may remain dressed, and in the case of an anniversary of the nation in whose waters the ship is lying, where no ships of that nation are present, until sunset. Foreign flag of- 4. While saluting the flag or bijoad pennant of a foreign flag officer or commodore, or returning a foreign salute to a flag officer or com- modore of the United States, the ensign of the foreign nation shall be displayed at the fore. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS. 37 5. During personal salutes fired in honor of foreign naval, mili- Personal salutes to foreign officials. tary, diplomatic, and consular officials, while visiting ships of the Navy, or other foreigners of distinction not provided for in Sec. 1, the ensign of the foreign nation to which the visitor belongs shall be dis- played at the fore. 6. On the occasion of saluting, in foreign ports, officials of the j* 1 ? 11 * 68 * u - s - officials other than United States other than naval, the national ensign shall be dis- Naval, played at the fore. If in the ports of the United States, no colors will be displayed in honor thereof, except as provided in Sees. 1 and 2. SECTION 9. ENSIGNS, FLAGS, AND PENNANTS. Art. 139. The distinctive mark of a ship of the Navy in commission, other Distinctive mark than the national ensign, is a flag or pennant at a masthead. Navy.' pS The distinctive mark of the senior on board shall be displayed day insignia of com- and night, and shall be carried at the main, except the flag of a rear maud- admiral or senior officer present, which shall be carried at the mizzen. Art. 140. The national ensign on board a ship of the Navy at anchor, shall be when the na- , . , , , . -M . ... ., tional ensign shall hoisted at 8 a. m., and kept flying until sunset if the weather per- be displayed, mits. Whenever a ship comes to anchor or gets under way, if there is sufficient light for the ensign to be seen, it shall be hoisted, although earlier or later than the time specified. Unless there are good reasons to the contrary, the ensign shall be displayed when fall- ing in with other ships of war, or when near the land, and especially when passing or approaching forts, lighthouses, or towns. Art. 141. When at anchor in port the union jack shall be displayed, weather When the union , ., . .... ' ., , "I. A jack shall be dis- and other circumstances permitting, above the bowsprit cap, or at pi aye d. some other suitable place forward. Art. 142. The national ensign shall always be displayed from boats between Boat ensign. 8 a. m. and sunset, when away from the ship, if in a foreign port. When the ship is dressed, the ensigns of boats, which are absent from the ship, or at the booms, shall be displayed. An ensign shall also be displayed in a home port when boarding foreign vessels, and at such other times as may be prescribed by the commanding officer. Art. 143. When two or more flag officers meet, or two or more commodores, m*e of officers the senior only shall fly the blue flag or pennant, the next in seniority the red, and all others the white. 38 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 144. Senior officer's When two or more ships of the Navy are together, with no distinc- tive flag or pennant of flag officer or commodore, the senior officer's pennant shall be displayed at the mizzen of the senior ship, in addi- tion to the narrow pennant at the main. Art. 145. Flag or pennant An officer in command of a naval station shall hoist his flag or of an officer com- , , . . , . . , manding a naval broad pennant on the receiving ship, if there be one; and if not, at station. some conspicuous and suitable place within the limits of his command. Art. 146. Flag of an officer On the occasion of the absence of a flag officer or commodore from absent from his,. . , , . command. his command lor a period exceeding twenty-four hours, when in a port of the United States, his flag or pennant shall be hauled down, and the command shall devolve upon the line officer next in rank present in the squadron, subject to any directions from the flag officer. Art. 147. In foreign port. jf j n a f ore ig n port, the same officer shall succeed to the command, and the flag or pennant shall be displayed from the ship in which the temporary commander is embarked, but without firing a salute. Art. 148. insignia of com- Any flag or other officer in command afloat or at a naval station mand in bow of 2-i j--ir.ii j. a * boat. may, and upon official occasions and visits shall, carry on a staff at the bow of the boat in which he is embarked, a flag or pennant of the same character as that which is carried at the masthead of his flagship, or of the ship under his command. Art. 149. Pennant of divi- Officers commanding divisions shall not carry their divisional marks sion commanders. . , . . ,, ., , , in the bow of a boat, or display them at a masthead when separated from the squadron or station to which they belong. Art. 150. Ship not inU. S. An officer of the Navy commanding a ship engaged otherwise than in the service of the United States shall not display a pennant or flag of command at the masthead or in the bow of a boat. Art. 151. Meeting an offi- A flag or commanding officer when embarked in a boat, without cer in a boat not _ . . , , flying his flag or his distinctive flag or pennant flying, shall be considered as present pennant. in &Q unoffic i a l capacity. Art. 152. Mark upon the The boat of a flag officer or commodore shall carry the distinguish- boat of a flag officer , . . , , , , , or commodore. ing mark of his command painted on each bow in the same colors as his flag or pennant. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS. 39 Art. 153. The boats of other officers in command shall carry a gilt arrow on Marks upon boat each bow. If the officer in command be of the grade of captain, a fleers? 1111 gilt ball shall be carried on the end of his boat pennant staff; if a com- mander, a gilt star; if of lower rank, a flat truck. Art. 154. A chief of staff not in command shall not carry a pennant in the . Chief of staff not in command. bow of his boat. Art. 155. No personal flag of any officer of the Navy shall be half masted insignia O f com- J maud may only be when displayed either from ships or boats, except upon the decease half masted when, of the officer. Art. 156. "When a diplomatic official of the United States of and above the Distinctive mark earned m boats by rank of charg<5 d'affaires, pays an official visit afloat in a boat of the diplomatic func- Navy, the union jack of a suitable size shall be carried on a staff in the bow. Art. 157. The following ceremonies shall be observed at " colors " on board Honors to the national ensign, ships in commission. The field music and band, if there be one, shall be present. At morning " colors " the music shall give three rolls and three flourishes. At the third roll the ensign shall be started from the deck and hoisted slowly to the peak or truck, during which the band shall play the "Star Spangled Banner". When the ensign leaves the deck or rail all sentries shall salute and remain at a salute until the band ceases to play the national air; all officers and men present shall stand facing the ensign and shall salute when it reaches the peak or truck. The same ceremonies shall be observed at sunset " colors " except that the music shall give three rolls and three flourishes before the ensign leaves the peak or truck, and all officers and men shall salute when the ensign touches the deck. At naval stations the same ceremonies shall be observed as closely as possible. Upon hoisting the ensign at sun rise the usual honors and ceremo- nies shall be paid, and they shall not be repeated at 8 a. m. Art. 158. In half masting the ensign it shall, if not previously hoisted, be first Half masting the hoisted to the truck, or peak, with the usual ceremonies, and then lowered to half mast. Before lowering from half mast it shall be first hoisted to the truck or peak and then lowered with the usual cere- monies. Art. 159. Upon all occasions on board ship or at naval stations of hoisting 1 Motions of the , senior officer to be lowering, or half masting the colors, or displaying the union jack, the followed, motions of the senior officer present in sight shall be followed. 40 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 160. Answering a dip. When any vessel salutes a ship of the Navy by dipping her national ensign, it shall be returned dip for dip. \ Art. 161. ehownt daylight ^ sn *P of tne Navy entering port at night shall hoist her ensign at daylight for a short period, to enable the authorities of the port and ships of war present to determine her nationality. It is customary for other ships of war to show their colors in return. Art. 162. than'three masts 688 ^ n board a slli P w ^ere, for want of masts, the distinctive mark of command cannot be displayed as prescribed, it will be hoisted in the most conspicuous position possible. Under similar circumstances the position of a national ensign during a salute will be modified as may be necessary, following the spirit of the rules herein laid down, but its display must not be omitted. SECTION 10. VISITS OF CEHEMONY. Art. 163. interchange of The following rules, in which the maritime powers generally have concurred, will be observed by all officers of the Navy in regard to the interchange of visits with officers of friendly foreign ships of war in all ports. Their observance by foreign officers may be expected. Preliminary l. The senior officer in port, whatever may be his rank, will, upon visits. Ships to be., -iff- T_ * j m IT.- boarded on arrival, the arrival of a foreign ship of war, send an officer to such ship to offer the customary courtesies. In case two or more ships of the same nation arrive in company, then the visit will be made to the senior ship only. Betumofs 2. When such a visit is made to a ship of the Navy an officer shall boarding visit. , ., be sent to return it at once, official visits. 3. Within twenty-four hours of arrival, the flag or other officer in Officers of the same grade. chief command of the arriving ship or ships will visit the nag or other officer in chief command of the foreign ship or ships present in port if the latter be his equal or superior in grade. Such a visit made to a ship of the Navy will be returned within twenty-four hours. Officers of differ- 4. In the case of officers of different grades the junior will pay the first visit, the same limits of time being observed as to the visit and its return. Return visits of 5. All flag officers will return visits of officers of the grade of cap- tain and of those of superior grades. They will send their chief of staff to return the calls of commanders or other junior commanding officers. Eetum visits of g. Captains and commanding officers of junior grades will return commanding offi- cers, all visits made to them by commanding officers, whatever their grade. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS. 41 7. In the case of two or more ships arriving in port, or lying in ylsita o f com - manding officers port when another ship arrives, and after the interchange of visits other than the between the senior officers shall have taken place, the captains or ^ or offlcers P res - other officers in command of the several ships of war arriving will call upon the captains or other officers in command of the ships of war in port, who will return the visits. Art. 164. Wardroom officers of a ship of the Navy arriving in port, shall, after Visit f war d- the interchange of the usual visits by their own and other captains, call upon commanding and wardroom officers of other ships of war in port, when such visits, in the opinion of their captain, are usual or desirable, and will probably be returned. The officers to make the visits shall be designated by the captain. Art. 165. Visits of ceremony between officers of ships of the Navy and those ViBits between ,.,,.'.. , naval stations and of foreign naval and military stations, and between officers of naval ships. stations and those of foreign ships of war, shall be governed by the rules laid down in Art. 163 and 164, so far as officers of the United States Navy are concerned. Art. 166. Visits of ceremony in the United States Navy, weather permitting, Visits between shall be exchanged by flag officers, by captains, and by command- avy * ing officers afloat and commandants of naval stations, as soon as practicable after meeting or upon arriving within communicating distance. In all cases the junior shall make the first visit, and it shall be returned within twenty-four hours. Flag officers are not required toreturn the visits of officers under their command except in the case of visits of other flag officers. Art. 167. Whenever a ship of the Navy arrives in waters adjacent to a naval Arrival of ships station of the United States, the commanding officer shall immediately commandants? t0 notify the commandant of the station of her arrival. Art. 168. Upon arrival in a foreign port where there are diplomatic or con- "Visits between sular officers of the United States, the following rules in regard to mmander m hauled down. Art. 242. An officer of flag rank shall be addressed in correspondence by Title of an officer his official title; in addition, if afloat, as commanding the particular force placed under him; and if commanding a naval station ashore, as commandant. He shall append the same to his official signature. The same rule shall apply to commodores. The title " Commander in chief", when occuring in naval laws, regulations and other docu- ments, shall be held to refer to the officer in chief command of a fleet or squadron. Art. 243. Upon the date of assuming command, a commander in. chief shall Officers on the , . , . . . , etaffofaflagofficfer. announce the fact in a general order to the fleet or squadron, setting forth the authority for his assumption of command. At the same time, or as soon thereafter as may be practicable, he shall announce the officers who are to serve upon his staff, both personal and fleet. Art. 244. He shall, as soon as possible, make himself familiar with the con- To become famii- dition and capabilities of the ships of his command and thoroughly mand! th bl8 C m " inform himself as to the qualities of their officers and crews, arma- ment, speed under different circumstances, economy of service, and capacity for warlike stores; as to the skill, capacity, judgment, and aptitude of their several captains; and as to such other matters as may be necessary in order to enable him to make the best selections of officers, men, or instruments for the performance of any important public duty. Art. 245. He shall make himself familiar with the facilities for making re- TO become famii- pairs and obtaining supplies at the various ports within the limits of 5 * r with his Bta " his station, and with the climatic and sanitary condition of the latter, in order that the service of ships may be directed as far as possible, with a view to their economic administration and efficient condition. 57 58 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 246. He 8na11 use ever 7 exertion to equip the ships of his command expeditiously and keep them ready for service. If he discovers any defects in the ships, their armament, or. equipment, whereby they are rendered unfit for their destined service, he shall report the details of such defects to the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 247. Eoutine, instrnc- He shall regulate exercises and sanitary duties in general instruc- tions and orders. tions to the ships of his command. These instructions must be in accordance with the laws and regulations governing the Navy, the orders emanating from the Secretary of the Navy, and the usages of the naval service. Copies of all standing orders, instructions, and routine issued to a fleet or squadron, shall be forwarded to the Sec- retary of the Navy. SECTION 2. GENERAL DUTIES. Art. 248. inspection. The commander in chief shall inspect every ship of his command as follows: 1. As-soon as practicable after assuming command, or after a ship has joined his command. 2. Semi-annually from the date of the first inspection. 3. Immediately before the departure of a ship from his command, if not inspected within the previous six months. 4. At such other times as he may deem necessary. The inspections prescribed in this Article, except the last, shall be conducted in a careful and deliberate manner, and full reports ac- cording to prescribed forms, with such additional information as may be important, shall be made to the Secretary of the Navy. The ad- ditional inspections provided for in Par. 4, may be more or less complete and may be reported or not, at his discretion. Art. 249. Details of inspec- i. He shall not delegate the inspection of a ship to another unless absolutely necessary. If so delegated, the officer selected must be under his command, and senior to the captain of the ship inspected. This officer shall conduct the inspection in the same manner, so far as possible, as the flag officer. With this end in view and for his assists ance he may, by permission of the latter, be accompanied by any members of the fleet staff that he may select, who are his juniors. His report shall be made to the flag officer for transmission. Circumstances 3. The report of an inspection shall take into consideration the affecting the . . . ,. . , condition of a ship length of time a ship has been in commission, and mention any special reported on. circumstances that may have interfered with routine drills and duties, such as long continued special service, exposure to inclement or enervating weather, or prevailing sickness. A COMMANDER IN CHIEF. 59 3. The commander in chief shall be governed in making out his re- Keportto be gov- erned by general port, by the ability and readiness of a ship to perform any service or knowledge of duty required, so far as these qualities depend upon the efforts of her 8 lp> personnel, and by his observation, if sufficiently extensive, of her pro- ficiency at drills, accuracy at target practice, and other important qualities. 4. He shall examine particularly into the means taken to preserve J . hee ? < i i ,f nt< r, n ~ cation ol the snip. the hull, decks, steam machinery, boilers, guns and their carriages, masts, rigging, sails, and stores. He shall not fail to mention in his report any neglect on the part of the captain or any other officer to maintain the ship in the most efficient condition possible. 5. He shall satisfy himself that all guns are sufficiently exercised to Exercise at guns. keep their crews efficient, and are fully prepared for service when- ever the ship is cleared for action. 6. He shall make a most strict and careful inquiry and report as to the observance of the regulations in respect to closing water-tight doors. 7. He shall examine into and report on any suggestions of the cap- improvements tain, or any of the other officers, calculated to increase the efficiency of the ship. 8. He shall examine into and report on the general sanitary con- . Sanitary condi- dition of the ship. 9. He shall satisfy himself that the laws and regulations governing ^aws and regu- ..... ..... lations enforced. the JNavy, the particular instructions from the .Navy Department, and the usages of the naval service are enforced. 10. He shall inquire into the smoking orders, and ascertain if offi- Officers' messes cers' messes are in a satisfactory condition and conducted with fair- ness to all officers and according to regulations, and shall cause any outstanding mess debts to be reported to him. He shall endeavor to provide for the comfort of officers in the administration of his com- mand. 11. He shall inspect a part of the bedding and the clothing of the The clothing and bedding of the crew, or all of it should he deem it necessary, and inform himself of crew, its condition, reporting if it is not satisfactory in regard to cleanli- ness, material, and quantity, and if any but the prescribed uniform is worn. 12. He shall inquire into the condition of the provisions for the Provisions and mesa arrangements crew and the details of the mess arrangements, reporting any just of the crew, causes of complaint, or any special circumstances entitled to com- mendation. He shall satisfy himself that the monthly payments of m ^ n * y thecrew*' money to the crew are regularly made and that leave to visit the shore is frequently granted to deserving men, and in all cases in accordance with the regulations. 18. He shall inquire into and report on the general condition of the Special appii- ventilating apparatus, electric lighting plant, and other special appli- f^g^he^ieaiuTof ances for preserving the health and conifort of the crew. He shall the crew - ascertain whether these appliances are kept in constant use, and, if not, he shall report the reasons. 60 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. TO inquire into 14. He is fully authorized to examine and inquire into any other any subject bear- ,.,, . , ,..,. j m * 1, v ing upon order, subject bearing upon the order, discipline, and efficiency of the ship, cienc Pline> * n * effi or u P on tne proper observance by all on board of the laws, regula- tions, and customs of the naval service. Art. 250. inspection of He shall make careful and frequent inspections of the naval hospital and other places provided for the sick within the limits of his com- mand, and report their condition to the Secretary of the Navy. If unable to perform this duty himself, he shall direct one of the cap- tains under his command to perform it. He shall require reports from the officer in charge as often as may be necessary in order to keep him- self fully informed of the condition of the sick. Art. 251. Responsibility i. He shall assemble all or as many of the ships of his command for the efficiency , of ships. as the nature of their duties will permit at least twice a year, and ciSs Uadr n eX8r " sha11 make cruises in squadron for exercise. Exercise at sea. 2. He shall send the ships to sea singly for several days in each quarter in order to exercise officers and men in working ship under sail and under steam. Exercisein port. 3. He shall require the ships to perform such exercises in port as may be for the best interests of the service. Exercise in gen- 4. He shall give the ships every possible opportunity to exercise as may be necessary to render them efficient in every respect. Target practice. 5. He shall require the allowance of ammunition of all arms for target practice to be expended every quarter in accordance with the instructions issued from time to time relating thereto, and he shall permit no omissions of regular target practice unless for urgent rea- i sons, which he must report to the Secretary of the Navy. Target practice 6. A portion of every quarter's allowance of ammunition for target practice with all arms shall be expended while cleared for action and under way. Drills and target 7. He shall, if possible, arrange for ships to land their crews for practice on shore. , ... , . ,, , ... drill and for practice at target with small arms and artillery. Exercises of the 8. If practicable, he shall cause the crews of ships to be landed and exercised at camping, bivouacking, and marching, carrying provi- sions, spare ammunition, and other supplies necessary for a force that is to be self-sustaining, and equipped for occupying a hostile country. Condition of boate. 9. He shall require frequent exercises with the boats of the squad- ron and satisfy himself that they are in a condition to perform any service likely to be required. signals. jo. He shall require a detail of officers and men of every ship to become expert in the various methods of night and day signaling. TO encourage u. He shall encourage a spirit of emulation in the instruction of and require gen- eral useful instruc- officers and men in all that pertains to their profession. After men tlon- have become familiar with their stations for action, they shall be instructed in the duties of other stations, in order that in times of A COMMANDER IN CHIEB\ 61 emergency they can serve at any gun or perform any useful duty. All members of the crew, whatever their rating, shall be taught the use of small arms of all kinds and exercised in boats until proficient. All members of the crew, including the artificer and special classes, shall be instructed in the use of great guns and torpedoes. 12. In regulating the extent of drill he shall take into consideration Extent of drill, the condition of ships and make relaxation in favor of those that excel. Art. 252. He shall, so far as the public service will permit, require the ships S1 "P 8 to visit a11 .. ..,,.. ,. , . commercial ports to visit all the ports within the limits oi his command where American within the limits commerce extends, unless otherwise directed by the Secretary of the of command - Navy. He shall not send a ship beyond such limits except upon some urgent duty, which shall be reported at once. Art. 253. He shall not permit ships to remain in port for long periods of time ^ong delays in port forbidden. unless some public exigency requires it. He shall report quarterly to the Navy Department the ports visited by each ship of his com- mand and the number of days spent at sea and in port. Art. 254. He may shift his flag to any ship under his command, reporting Shifting flag, to the Secretary of the Navy his reasons for so doing, and he may designate any captain of his squadron to command the ship to which Officer to corn- he shifts his flag, having due regard to the rank of the two officers to m be changed, and provided the change is to be permanent. Art. 255. He shall direct the course to be steered by the fleet or squadron Course to be ., , e .. . steered. when at sea and is responsible for its safe conduct. Art. 256. When in company with other ships, he shall have a time signal Time . 8 ' nal a , nd morning evolu- made at 7 a. m. In port the morning evolution shall take place at tion. colors. Art. 257. 1. In the waters of the United States, he shall only permit passen- Passengers, gers on board the ships of his command upon a written permission from the Secretary of the Navy. 2. When in foreign waters, he shall not allow passengers to be em barked on board ships of his command without his own authority en that of the senior officer present. 3. The names of all passengers and the dates of their coming OF board and departure from the ship shall be entered in the log and reported to the Navy Department. Art. 258. The commander in chief shall issue orders regulating the extent of T regulate leave leave of absence which may be granted to officers and men to visit the W 62 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. shore when in squadron, and shall allow no officer to be absent on leave from the ship to which he belongs, when in squadron, for more than twenty-four hours, without written permission from himself. Art. 259. Correspondence. He shall be careful to observe, and to require others of his command to observe, the regulations in regard to correspondence. He shall, in addition, be governed by the following rules: Commander i n i. He has. the sole right to correspond directly with the Navy De- chief only to cor- * respond concerning partment concerning any official matter connected with the fleet or squadron. General reports 3. He shall correspond regularly with the Secretary of the Navy, of movements to " the Secretary of the and, by means of general reports, keep him fully informed of the movements of the fleet or squadron. These general reports shall not be considered as taking the place of separate letters on separate sub- jects. The condition 3. He shall frequently state the condition and probable require- snd requirements of ship?, ments ot the ships or his command. Keeping the ships 4. He shall mak^ any suggestions that he may deem important in relation to furnishing the ships with supplies and keeping them in an efficient condition. **' ^ e sna ^ at once report any contagious or infectious disease of a grave character that may break out in any of the ships of his com- mand. Yearly report. (}. He shall each year transmit to the Secretary of the Navy in time to reach Washington by the 1st of October, a report for publication, covering all subjects necessary for a complete military review of his command and its operations, during the preceding fiscal year, and especially the following: I. The movements of all ships, and character of work performed; the amount of coal consumed, and the cost thereof. II. The general condition and efficiency of all ships; a description of all military drills; a full description of all target practice; an ac- count of all torpedo practice; and a detailed description of all tactical manoeuvres with the lessons of war they are intended to illustrate. III. The discipline of the command with a summary of enlistments, discharges, desertions, courts-martial, and petty punishments. IV. The sanitary condition of the command, with the percentage of sick, number of deaths, and number sent to hospitals and invalided home. Monthly report 7. He shall make monthly reports of the distribution and employ- of duties of ships. ,. ri . * ment of the ships of his command. Probable move- 8. So far as practicable, he shall report the probable movements of ments of ships re- , . . . .... , , ported. ships, giving such information as may be necessary, in order to enable the department to maintain telegraphic communication with them. Aiistofiettersfor- 9. He shall forward monthly a list of the numbers of his letters to warded monthly. the Secretary of the N avy. A COMMANDER IN CHIEF. 63 Art. 260. He shall forward to the Secretary of the Navy any suggestions for Im ^f^e n t 8 g> for the improvement of navy yards or ships, or upon any other subject con- nected with the Navy, that he may deem important. Such sugges- tions shall be accompanied by plans and estimates when practicable. Art. 261. He shall not relinquish his command without the consent of the C0 ^, e mand. i8hinghi8 Secretary of the Navy, unless condemned by medical survey. Art. 262. When relieved of command, he shall turn over to his successor all When relieved of command. original records of his official correspondence, original letters, docu- ments, or papers concerning the ships or ships' companies of his com- mand, or authenticated copies of the same; the original or authenti- cated copies of all unexecuted orders; all general regulations and orders he may have issued from time to time; all documents received for his guidance; and such other official correspondence and informa- tion concerning his command and station as may be of service to his successor. He shall forward to the Secretary of the Navy copies of all important unexecuted orders. If he returns to the United States in a ship of the Navy before being relieved, or is detached without a relief, the above correspondence and papers shall be disposed of as may be directed by the Navy Department. Art. 263. He shall not leave his station or command until he is satisfied that Not to leave his all transfers of men and materials have been made in accordance with fers'arVmade." the regulations. Art. 264. 1. Should'the commander in chief die, become incapacitated, or Ce ^s i totue e c 8 m- leave his station permanently before being relieved by a successor mand. appointed by the Secretary of the Navy, the senior officer of the fleet or squadron shall succeed him and exercise command as provided for in Art. 41. The latter shall cease to exercise command, however, on the receipt of official information of the arrival within the limits of the station of a flag officer duly appointed to command the fleet or squadron, without waiting to meet with or to receive an order from him. 2. During the temporary absence of a commander in chief from his flagship, not exceeding twenty-four hours, he shall be represented by the chief of staff, or in his absence by the commanding officer of the flagship, who is authorized to carry out the established squadron routine and make the necessary signals therefor. 64 U. S. NA-VY REGULATIONS. SECTION 3. DUTIES ix TIME OF Art. 265. General duties in The articles of this section will not be construed as an enumeration of all of the duties of a commander in chief in time of war, which must, for the most part, depend upon circumstances and instructions. Art. 266. To furnish his The commander in chief, when preparing a fleet or squadron for captains with in- ... , ,1 ,. . , , ,. . Btructions. sea in time of war, shall furnish commanders of squadrons and divi- sions and captains of ships under his orders with copies of all general orders, instructions, private signals, and such other information as will enable each, so far as possible, to understand fully his duty when in action and at all other times. Art. 267. TO designate di- If the Secretary of the Navy does not reserve the privilege of des- ami7heTr n s^. der8 ignation, he shall select the ships in which the officers commanding squadrons or divisions shall hoist their flags or pennants, form the fleet into squadrons or divisions, and assign the officers to command them according to rank. Art. 268. To communicate He shall, if possible, before going into action, communicate to the bis plans to those .. . j T.- * t jx J.L-L ^ i_ who may succeed juniors in command, his chief of staff, and the captains his secret him in command, orders, private signals, and other information that will materially assist them if called upon to exercise command. Art. 269. Concert of action If in the near vicinity of a body of United States troops or allies of forces. e ^ tne United States, he shall maintain as far as possible a complete con- cert of action with its commander, and in case of an engagement assist him in all ways in his power. Art. 270. Each rn ptajn to He shall, if possible, before going into action, supply every captain tie. with a plan of the battle and assign thereon the position each shall occupy. Division commanders shall not change his dispositions unless it should become necessary at a time when signals or ships are obscured. Art 271. f r" battle v^he^in Wh en in presence of an enemy or when there is any probability of presence of an an engagement, he shall keep his command prepared for action and take every precaution against surprise. Art. 272. Display of the The use of a foreign flag to deceive an enemy is permissible, but it must be hauled down before a gun is fired; and under no circum- stances shall an officer commence an action or fight a battle without the display of the national ensign. A COMMANDER IN CHIEF. 65 Art. 273. He shall attend personally to the destruction of his orders, instruc- T prevent the , i* . . 11 capture of impor- tions, or other papers that may be of use to an enemy if he believes tant papers. they are about to be captured. Art. 274. 1. After a battle or action of any kind, he shall require from com- Reports after a manders of divisions and squadrons and from captains of ships a report of all the particulars thereof coming to their notice, including a statement of the conduct of their subordinates, with a particular mention of individual instances deserving praise or censure. He shall require captains to transmit with their reports those of their respective executive officers. He shall thereupon make a similar report to the Secretary of the Navy, although a report of a prelimi- nary character may have previously been made. 2. He shall also require from commanders of squadrons and divi- . Reports of any important service sions and from captains of ships reports of any important service or or duty, duty they have performed at any time under his command, and he shall transmit these reports, with an endorsement of his .opinion thereon, to the Secretary of the Navy. 3. All important reports shall be accompanied by diagrams, Reports to be ac- sketches, or other illustrations when necessary or desirable in order tratkrtw!^^ 111 to afford a clear comprehension of the circumstances. Art. 275. When troops are embarked on board any of the ships of his com- Troops embarked on board of ships mand,he shall take all necessary precautions to preserve their health of his command, and maintain discipline. Art. 276. He shall afford protection and convoy, so far as it is within his To protect and power, to merchant vessels of the United States and to those of allies, vessels. Art. 277. During a war between civilized nations with which the United Duties during a . , ,, -IT.- 11 11-1 war between civil- States is at peace, he, and all under his command, shall observe i ze d nations at the laws of neutrality and respect a lawful blockade, but at the same y^ted states th time make every possible effort that is consistent with the rules of international law to preserve and protect the lives and property of citizens of the United States wherever situated. Art. 278. When the United States is at war, he shall require all under his p^p^cf Inte^ command to observe the rules of humane warfare and the principles national law and of international law. When dealing with neutrals, he shall cause all re under his command to observe the rules of international law and the stipulation of treaties, and expect and exact a like observance from others. 134486 66 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. SECTION 4. INTERCOURSE WITH FOREIGNERS. Art. 279. TO ascertain the When not informed as to the officials present at a port visited custom as to the . . interchange of whom it is usual to visit, or as to the interchange of other courtesies, he shall send an officer of his staff to the senior representative of the United States at the port, or in the absence of any such representative, to the highest local official, in order to inform himself. Art. 280. *, R !l'- a V on V Wit 5 ! He shall preserve, so far as possible, the most cordial relations the diplomatic and r consular represen- with the diplomatic and consular representatives of the United States United states. e in foreign countries and extend to them the honors, salutes, and other official courtesies to which they are entitled by these regulations. TO consider their 2. He shall carefully and duly consider any request for service or requests. other communication from any such representative. 3. Although due weight should be given to the opinions and advice of such representatives a commanding officer is solely and entirely responsible to his own immediate superior for all official acts in the administration of his command. Art. 281. Communications jj e w m a s a general rule, when in foreign ports, communicate with foreign o f - flciais. with local civil officials and foreign diplomatic and consular author- ities through the diplomatic or consular representative of the United States on the spot. Art. 282. Absence of dip- In the absence of a diplomatic or consular officer of the United IromciaT C D8U " States at a foreign port he has authority TO exercise 1. To exercise the powers of a consul in relation to mariners of the of a consul. United States . 2. To communicate or remonstrate with foreign civil authorities as may be necessarj'. 3. To urge upon citizens of the United States the necessity of ab- staining from participation in political controversies or violations of the laws of neutrality. Art. 283. Territorial au- 1. He shall exercise great care that all under his command scrup- ulously respect the territorial authority of foreign civilized nations in amity with the United States. NO armed force 2. No armed force for exercise, target practice, funeral escort, or j landed. o ther purpose shall be landed without permission from the local authorities; nor shall large bodies of men be granted leave to visit A COMMANDER IN CHIEF. 67 the shore without a similar permission; nor shall men be landed to capture deserters. 3. Great gun target practice, even at floating targets, shall not take . No target prac- place within foreign territorial waters or at any point from which shots may fall therein, without permission. Art. 284. On occasions where injury to the United States or to citizens thereof . Violation of in * ternational law is committed or threatened, in violation of the principles of inter- and treaty obli- national law or treaty rights, he shall consult with the diplomatic gatl representative or consul of the United States, and take such steps as the gravity of the case demands, reporting immediately to the Secre- tary of the Navy all the facts. The responsibility for any action taken by a naval force, however, rests wholly upon the commanding officer thereof. Art. 285. The use of force against a foreign and friendly state, or against Use of force, anyone within the territories thereof, is illegal. The right of self- preservation, however, is a right which belongs to states as well as to individuals, and in the case of states it includes the protection of the state, its honor, and its possessions, and the lives and property of its citizens against arbitrary violence, actual or impending, whereby the state or its citizens may suffer irreparable injury. The conditions calling for the application of the right of self-preservation cannot be denned beforehand, but must be left to the sound judgment of responsible officers, who are to perform their duties in this respect with all possible care and forbearance. In no case shall force be exercised in time of peace otherwise than as an application of the right of self-preservation as above defined. It can never be exercised with a view to inflicting punishment for acts already committed. It must be used only as a last resort, and then only to the extent which is absolutely necessary to accomplish the end required. Art. 286. Whenever in the application of the above mentioned principles it Landing an shall become necessary to land an armed force in foreign territory armed force in > foreign territory. on occasions of political disturbance where the local authorities are unable to give adequate protection to life and property, the assent of such authorities, or of some one of them, shall first be obtained, if it can be done without prejudice to the interests involved. Art. 287. 1. In reference to granting of asylum, in the territorial waters of a Granting of asy- foreign state, the ships of the United States shall not be made a refuge lum- for criminals. 2. In the case of persons other than criminals, they shall be afforded shelter wherever it may be needed, to United States citizens first of all, and to others, including political refugees, as far as the claims of humanity may require and the service upon which the ships are engaged will permit. 68 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 3. The obligation to receive political refugees and to afford them an asylum is in general one of pure humanity. It should not be con- tinued beyond the urgent necessities of the situation, and should in no case become the means whereby the plans of contending factions or their leaders are facilitated. The captain of a ship of the Navy is not to invite or encourage such refugees to come on board his ship, but should they apply to him his action shall be governed by con- siderations of humanity and the exigencies of the service upon which he is engaged. 4. When a political refugee has embarked, in the territory of a third power, on board a merchant vessel of the United States as a passenger for purposes of innocent transit, and it appears upon the entry of such vessel into the territorial waters that his life is in danger, it is the duty of the captain of a ship of the Navy present to extend to him an offer of asylum. Art. 288. TO protect the So far as lies within their power, commanders in chief and captains u^d r stetM the of shi P s 8ha11 P rotect a11 merchant vessels of the United States in lawful occupations, and advance the commercial interests of his country, always acting in accordance with international law and treaty obligations. Art. 289. foreigners! * He shall impress upon officers and men that when in foreign ports it is their duty to avoid all possible causes of offense to the authorities or inhabitants; that due deference must be shown by them to the local laws, customs, ceremonies, and regulations; that in all dealings with foreigners moderation and courtesy should be displayed; and that a feeling of good will and mutual respect should be cultivated. SECTION 5. SUPPLIES AND REPAIKS. Art. 290. Economy of the He shall be responsible for the economical administration of his fleet. command. Art. 291. Supplying ships When on a foreign station, he shall cause separate requisitions for with provisions and ...... ^ -n r a it j itores. each ship to be made on the Bureau of Supplies and accounts once in six months, or oftener if necessary, for stores pertaining to that bu- reau. He shall, at the same time, state to what point such supplies should be shipped in each case. He shall cause requisitions on the paymaster general for other supplies to be made to fill anticipated wants, when he deems it for the best interests of his command to do so, and having due regard for economy. Art. 292. Supplies of money. He shall be very careful to limit an approved requisition for money, either in the United States or in foreign ports, to the amount which will be actually required before another supply can be advantageously A COMMANDER IN CHIEF. 69 obtained, as shown by closely calculated estimates. He shall before leaving port inform himself, as far as possible, of the probable rates of exchange and the facilities for obtaining money in places he ex- pects to visit, and also as to the coin usually current there, in order that he may know where and for what amounts to authorize the ne- gotiation of bills of exchange. He shall furnish the ships of his command with supplies of money so as to obviate, so far as possible, the necessity of the negotiation of bills of exchange by their captains. Art. 293. 1. He shall exact economy in the consumption of fuel for steam- Economy of fuel, ing purposes, but he is not to refuse to permit expenditures of coal for target practice, speed trials, steaming trials, and other necessary exercises unless for other reasons than economy. 2. He shall specify, when a ship of his command is about to proceed to sea, under what circumstances she shall steam or sail. Art. 294. He shall not permit any stores, supplies, or munitions to be disposed Disposition of stores, supplies, or of otherwise than as herein provided. (See Surveys and sales.) munitions. Art. 295. When in command of a foreign station, he shall transfer from ships Transfer of stores . * when ships are about to sail for home all supplies and stores which are not required about to sail for by them and are needed by other ships of his command, and shall h< transfer to them, for transmission to the United States, such unservice- able stores as have been recommended to be turned into store. Art. 296. He shall require captains to keep him fully informed as to the stores Captains to re- port stores re- and supplies needed by the ships under their command, and as to the quired and on general condition of those on hand. Art. 297. 1. He shall carefully scrutinize all requisitions, take into considera- Requisitions for tion the degree of necessity for obtaining whatever is required and and P iabor. repairs ' the expenditure involved, and then only approve them when he considers it for the best interests of the Government to do so. Requi- sitions shall not be granted for articles in excess of allowance either in kind or quantity, except in cases of emergency or necessity. 2. In addition to the methods provided by these regulations for Cost of supplies, , . , ,, . ,. repairs, and labor. ascertaining, when in a foreign port, the cost of all supplies, repairs, and labor, he is authorized to ascertain the cost by such other means as he may deem suitable and proper. Art. 298. When any ship of his command is separated from him and receives Requisitions foi , , .... , , supplies, repairs, or supplies, repairs, or labor on a requisition approved by an officer of labor, approved by his command, he shall require such officer to forward to him a n^ 8 of his com ' 70 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. report embodying the information contained in the requisition and its corresponding public bill, with a statement of any additional reasons tending to justify the expenditure. If this report is not satisfactory to him, he shall endorse upon it his opinion and forward it to the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 299. Contracts on for- When slight repairs are required on a foreign station by any ship of repairs. his command which cannot be made by the mechanics of the Navy present without too much delay, he shall order a board of survey ta report upon the facts, in accordance with the regulations for such surveys, and if the emergency requires it, shall direct that the repairs be made in the manner most advantageous to the Government. Art. 300. Accountable for He will be held accountable for every disbursement of public public money* or money or disposal of public stores made in pursuance of his order. disposal of public jji s signature to an order, requisition, or other authority to disburse money or dispose of stores, and his approval of the same will be considered as evidence of his complete knowledge of and accounta- bility for the transaction. Art. 301. When vessels are If it is necessary to charter a vessel for any purpose, he shall have a charter party containing all the agreements of the contracting par- ties drawn in quadruplicate, retaining one copy, giving one to the master of the chartered vessel, forwarding the third to the Secretary of the Navy, and giving the fourth to the pay officer, to be forwarded with the bill to the Fourth Auditor. Art. 302. investigation of He shall cause investigation to be made by a court of inquiry or a ail serious damages DOar d of three officers, of all serious cases of collision, groundinp- by a court of in- quiry or board. fire, accidents to hull, spars, machinery, and boilers, or other important casualties which he may deem necessary, and forward the result in a clear, complete, and concise form, with a full statement of injuries, to the Secretary of the Navy. All such accidents, whether involving an investigation or not, shall be made the subject of report. SECTION 6. PERSONNEL. Art. 303. Officers and men i. All reports and charges against officers and men attached ta accused of olffenses 8 ships on foreign stations shall be investigated, and if necessary the accused tried by court-martial on the station. 2. When a sufficient number of officers of the requisite rank cannot be obtained for trial, then a full report of the case shall be made to the Secretary of the Navy and his action awaited. 3. The commander in chief may, at times when the public good imperatively demands it, send an officer to the United States who has been guilty of acts not susceptible of trial by a court-martial. A full report of the circumstances shall be made to the Secretary of the Navy. A COMMANDER IN CHIEF. 71 Art. 304. Every reasonable precaution shall be taken to preserve the health Precautions on unhealthy stations. of crews of ships serving in malarial and unhealthy regions. Kroo- men may be employed for boat duty in ships on the west coast of tropical Africa. Art. 305. When sick and disabled officers and men are about to be sent home Precautions when in a supply or chartered ship, the commander in chief shall order a home, board of officers, one of whom shall be an experienced medical offi- cer, to examine the ship and report to him in writing if she is suit- able for the purpose and if everything necessary has been provided for health and comfort, and if not, what deficiencies exist. He shall not permit such a ship to depart until every possible provision necessary for the sick has been made. He shall detail from his com- mand any extra medical officers that may be necessary to accompany such ships. Art. 306. 1. He shall endeavor to send home all sick and disabled officers and . ? ow the 1 8ick are to be sent home. men by public ships, and only charter vessels for the purpose on occasions of urgent necessity. 2. He may, at his discretion, send home by other conveyance patients condemned by medical survey whose physical condition renders it necessary to avoid the climatic influences, delay, or other conditions affecting health to which they would be subjected in a public ship. Under these circumstances officers are entitled to a first-class pas- sage, and others as their physical condition may require, but not above second class. Art. 307. 1. He shall, when in command of a foreign station, in the absence ships on foreign of instructions on the subject, transfer to ships about to sail for sati'foThome? 1 home all men whose terms of enlistment are about to expire, un- less for some urgent reason connected with the public service it should be necessary to retain them. Men in such ships who have considerable time to serve shall be transferred to ships remaining on the station, if necessary to fill their complements. A man whose term of enlistment has expired may be reenlisted. 2. He shall endeavor to arrange the detail of officers for ships about to sail for home so that those who shall have been on continuous sea service for three years may reach the United States at the expira- tion of that time. 3. He shall take advantage of every public conveyance to send home all prisoners and other persons as may be necessary. Art. 308. When an officer of his command is condemned by a medical survey, . Eeports of me* he shall forward for the Bureau of Navigation copies of the' order for the survey and the report of the board. Two copies of the same 72 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Officers trans- shall be forwarded for the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. Re- r fr m P rts sha11 be mad e to th e Bureau of Navigation when officers are transferred to hospitals for treatment, and when they return for duty- Art. 309. The authority of He has, when upon the high seas, the authority of a consul in rela- comui on the high tion to mar i ners o f foe United States. Art. 310. The commander in chief shall hold the same relation to the flagship in regard to its internal administration and discipline as to any other ship of his command. His importance is lessened by engaging in the details of duty of this particular ship, and the respect which ought to attach to her captain is weakened by any interference with him in the proper exercise of his authority. CHAPTEE VI. A FLAG OFFICER OR COMMODORE NOT IN CHIEF COMMAND. Art. 311. Flag officers and others, not in chief command, shall obey without To obey the corn- delay or modification all orders of the commander in chief. Signals made by the commander in chief shall be answered by the officers commanding squadrons and divisions; these officers shall repeat the signals to the ships of their commands. Art. 312. 1. When a fleet is formed in accordance with Art. 267, the com- Duties of com- , ,. . . , ., manders of squad- manders of squadrons and divisions shall perform such of the duties rons and divisions, laid down in Chap. V as the commander in chief may direct. 2. When directed by the commander in chief, commanders of squadrons and divisions shall inspect the ships under their command and report the result to him. 3. Commanders of squadrons and divisions shall make to the com- mander in chief such written suggestions and reports concerning the efficiency, discipline, and condition of the ships under their command as they may deem important. 4. When an officer not in chief command is separated from his senior, and is in command of a squadron or division of ships on de- tached service, he shall, under the commander in chief and subject to his orders, routine, and instructions, be governed by the articles of Chap. V. Such officer shall assume the title of " Commander of Detached Squadron (or Division)," and, if not a flag officer, shall be governed by Arts. 144 and 149 in regard to the display of the insignia of seniority. ' Art. 313. 1. If from any cause the commander of a squadron or division Separated from becomes separated from the commander in chief, he shall assume chief m command of the ships, if any, within signal distance, not in sight of the commander in chief, including those of other squadron or division commanders his juniors, and then proceed to join the commander in chief with the utmost dispatch. 2. When the commander of a squadron or division becomes sepa- rated from the commander in chief, he shall, upon rejoining him, submit a report of all of the facts and circumstances that caused the separation, and direct similar reports to be made by the captains of the ships under him, and forward them with his own. 78 74 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 314. May shift his flag If during an action the ship of a commander of a squadron or or pennant. division becomes entirely disabled, he may shift his flag or pennant to another. Under no other circumstances, however, shall he do so without the authority of the commander in chief. Art. 315. TO aid the com- During an action commanders of squadrons and divisions shall do mander in chief. theij . utmost to aid the comma nder in chief. Art. 316. Reports of an ac- Commanders of squadrons and divisions shall, after an action or tan n tsTrvice. imp r any important service, forward to the commander in chief their re- ports; also those of the captains under their command, prepared as laid down in Art. 274. OHAPTEE VII. THE SENIOR OFFICER PRESENT. Art. 317. 1. When two or more ships meet in port or at sea, the chief com- Command when . , ., ,. ., ,. ..,. , ,. . . two or more ships mand during the time the ships are within signal distance of each meet, other shall be exercised as laid down in Art. 18. 2. Upon meeting, the ships shall hoist their ensigns and official numbers. 3. Any ship meeting another shall, when in doubt as to which has the senior captain, ascertain by signal. Art. 318. When ships meet in port, the junior commanding officer of one or Junior to show more ships shall, if circumstances permit, call upon the senior com- manding officer of one or more ships, show all the orders not secret under which he is acting, and inform him of the condition of hi3 command. For the time being he shall consider himself subject to the authority of such senior. Art. 319. When the commanding officer of one or more ships arrives at a port Dut y of an offl- . cer in command within the limits of a foreign station, he shall, if the junior, im- when passing mediately communicate with the commander in chief of that station, Jng"f m Us "of* a either by mail or telegraph, as expedient. He shall report to him the senior. tenor of his orders, if not secret, the condition of his command, his proposed movements, and how communications may reach him. These reports will be continued from time to time, as necessary, or as required by a change of circumstances, until he has left the limits of his senior's command. Art. 320. A junior in command must, when meeting a senior, either at sea or To obtain per- mission of the son- ill port, obtain permission by signal or otherwise to continue on his ior to perform any course, to anchor or get underway, to haul fires or get up steam, to evolution - communicate with the shore, or to perform any evolution or act of importance which would require the permission of his commander in chief, if the latter were present. Art. 321. 1. The senior officer shall not, in the absence of special instruc- When the senior tions, take advantage of his superior rank to detain or divert from or d their destination the whole or any part of any forces which he may fall 75 76 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. in with. His authority to do so, however, must be recognized with- out question, and, should the public interests imperatively demand it, he may employ temporarily the ships which he meets. If the captains of these ships have special instructions which forbid their being diverted from their course, they must inform the senior officer in order that he may give such instructions due consideration. 2. As soon as the cooperation of these ships ceases to be imperative, he shall order them to continue the service on which they were en- gaged when he met them, unless circumstances in the mean time render this inexpedient. Art. 322. investigation of When serious damage, from whatsoever cause, is received by any all serious damages by a board. vessel under his command, he shall order an investigation by a board of three officers, who shall be directed to report fully the circum- stances and to state to whom, if to anyone, fault is to be attributed. Art. 323. Reports to the He shall make to the officer in chief command a detailed report of officer in chief command. any important circumstances in connection with, or duty performed by, the forces under him, requiring from his subordinates such reports as may be necessary. Art. 324. TO require exer- He shall, when two or more ships are together, have frequent ex- cise in signals. ercises in signals by day, and the same by night, each ship making and reading signals in turn. Entries of this exercise shall be made in the log. All apprentices and the seaman branch of petty officers shall be exercised at signals until proficient, and then be given sufficient practice to keep up their knowledge. Art. 325. Duties of flag The senior officer present shall discharge the duties of the flag by 3 senior i ofBca? ed officer in chief command, as laid down in paragraphs 8, 4, 7, and 9, Art. 351, and Arts. 255, 256, 257, 258, 264, 265, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 293, 297, 299, 300, 301, 306, and 308, and authority for that purpose is hereby conferred upon him. CHAPTEE VIII. THE STAFF OF A FLAG OFFICER OR COMMANDER. SECTION 1. THE CHIEF OF STAFF. Art. 326. If an officer is detailed by the Secretary of the Navy to act as chief The detail of a of staff to a flag officer or commodore, he shall perform the duties of c that office as laid down in these regulations; otherwise these duties shall be performed by the flag officer or commodore himself. If the latter considers the services of a chief of staff necessary, he shall re- present the fact to the Secretary of the Navy, and suggest for the position some officer, who, if practicable, shall be senior in rank to all other officers of the fleet, squadron, or division, to which he is thus assigned. Art. 327. He shall be attached to the flagship, and subject to the orders of the General duty, nag officer in all matters of duty, and to him only. In addition to the duties herein prescribed, he shall assist the flag officer as the latter may require. Art. 328. The authority of the chief of staff is authority delegated by the flag Authority, officer, and officers of the personal and fleet staff shall be subject to the orders of the chief of staff in all matters pertaining to staff duty. Art. 329. The following papers shall be transmitted to the chief of staff, who Papers to be 11 i .-i i_. . . .-. j. ... t .-. transmitted to the will indorse upon them his opinion as to the disposition of their con- chief of staff, tents, and place them before the flag officer: All papers concerning the condition, efficiency, equipment, or repair of ships, or any of their ap- purtenances; applications for surveys; applications for leave, transfer^ or discharge; requisitions for money, stores, or provisions; and all periodical returns, except those rendered to the accounting officers of the Treasury. Art. 330. He shall keep a roster of all officers, with the times that their regu- Personnel of the lar tour of service expires, and a summary of the returns concerning the crews of ships, so that he may at any time inform the flag officer fully concerning the personnel of his command. 78 . TJ. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 331. Account of sup- He shall always be prepared to supply the flag officer with any information concerning the amount of stores, provisions, and other munitions of war on board of the ships of his command; also those available in store or supply vessels, and at depots under his control. Art. 332. TO keep a journal He shall keep a journal of the operations and movements of ships, including such details as may be of importance as or for transmission to the Secretary of the Navy. evento - including such details as may be of importance as a matter of record, Art. 333. TO keep a record He shall keep a record of all orders issued by the flag officer or by of orders and sig- . . T , ... . , , ~ nau. his authority. He will require an officer of the staff to keep a record of all signals made and received by the flag, noting as nearly as possi- ble the exact time of each signal. Art. 334. TO keep a record When a flag officer holds a council of war, or discusses the operation;! of his command with the commanders of divisions, squadrons, or ships, the chief of staff shall be present and keep a record of the proceed- ings. Art. 335. TO issue the or- He shall detail the picket vessels and guard ships, and make out y ' the orders for all routine exercises. He shall issue to each ship the countersign for the day. Art. 336. Signal* i. He shall require the signal books to be correctly kept, frequently inspecting them to see that all prescribed entries are made. 2. He shall report to the flag officer, for transmission to the Navy Department, any defects discovered in the signal or tactical books, or any suggestions for their improvement that may occur to him as im- portant. 3. He shall give such directions as may be necessary regarding the methods of signaling. Art. 337. Reports to the He shall report to the flag officer without delay all orders he may give, and any neglect of duty or disobedience of orders that he may observe. Art. 338. station and duty His station in battle is near the flag officer, whom he shall assist in every manner possible. He shall assign competent officers to keep a record of all signals made, and to take notes of the movements of ships and other important events during the action. THE STAFF OF A FLAG OFFICER. 79 Art. 339. Upon the detachment or death of a flag officer, or of the commander Deathof the flag officer, of a division or squadron, the officers composing his staff (except such as have been appointed by the Secretary of the Navy) shall cease to exercise their duties, unless reappointed by his successor. They may be temporarily appointed to continue their duties by the officer suc- ceeding to temporary command, or may be assigned to other duty. Art. 340. 7 succe prescribed in Art. 264. A chief of staff may succeed to the chief command in the manner May succed to command. Art. 341. The duties of a chief of staff, as well as of the personnel and fleet Duties of a chief . . , . , . of staff to a junior. staff, are the same, whether their superior is in chief command or in command of a division or squadron; and whether the superior be a flag officer or a commodore. SECTION 2. PEKSONAL STAFF. Art. 342. The chief of staff, flag lieutenant, secretary, and aids shall consti- Personal staff, tute the personal staff of a flag officer. Art. 343. A flag officer when ordered to a command afloat may, at his discre- The aid and sec- tion, nominate to the Secretary of the Navy two line officers not above ncer7 the grade of lieutenant, to serve on his staff as flag lieutenant and secretary, or clerk. Art. 344. 1. A flag officer may select any officer of his command to serve as Flag officer may flag lieutenant or secretary, provided his grade accords with the rules ^raon^su^from laid down in Art. 343. his command. 2. He may also select other line officers junior to the flag lieutenant to serve on his personal staff as aids, when necessary. Art. 345. 1. Members of the personal staff of a flag officer shall be borne Quarters of mem- upon the books of the flagship, and assigned to quarters as follows: stafff. When of or above the grade of commander, to cabin accommodations after the captain of the flagship, and to the flag officer's mess; when below the grade of commander to the wardroom with accommodations in accordance with their rank, after the executive and navigator; when of the grade of ensign, to the steerage with accommodations in accordance with their rank. 2. When a flag officer transfers his flag to a ship other than the regular flagship, the members of his staff accompanying him shall not displace in their quarters the executive, navigator, or four senior watch officers of that ship, or any officer in the steerage who keeps a night watch. 80 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 346. Duties of mem- i. The duties of the members of the personal staff, other than those bers of personal itaff. prescribed in these regulations, shall be entirely regulated by the chief of staff, subject to the flag officer. 2. In all matters of general discipline, the members of the personal staff shall be subject to the internal regulations and routine of the ship in which they are embarked, as though they were a part of her com- plement. 3. The members of the personal staff shall perform no duties ex- clusively connected with the personnel or material of the ship in which they are embarked, except under the direction of the captain of that ship. 4. All boarding duty from the flagship in the name or on the service of the flag officer shall be performed by the members of the personal staff. 5. Members of the personal staff other than the chief shall be assigned to stations in battle by the flag officer. 6. The band, when not employed on duty for the flag officer, shall be considered as part of the ship's crew. 7. The barge and barge's crew, when the barge is not manned for the flag officer, shall be regarded as part of the ship's force. 8. The signal force of the flagship, while employed in making signals, shall be under the direction of an officer of the personal staff, who shall inform the officer of the deck of the intention to make signals, but shall not be required to make known to him their purport. SECTION 3. FLEET STAFF. Art. 347. Fleet staff. 1. The surgeon, paymaster, engineer, and marine officer of the fleet shall constitute the fleet staff of a flag officer. They shall, when prac- ticable, be selected from those having the relative rank of commander, or, in the case of a marine officer, the rank of major. when appointed 2. When not designated by the Department, the senior medical, pay, by the flag officer. en gi ueerj an d marine officers of the fleet or squadron may be detailed by the commander in chief to act as fleet staff officers. Art. 348. Duty of fl e e t The duties of the members of the fleet staff, as such, shall be in ad- dition to those assigned them by the captain of the particular ship in which they are embarked. Art. 349. Fleet staff em- The members of the fleet staff shall be embarked in the flagship. barked in flagship. Art. 350. To inspect ships The members of the fleet staff shall make no official inspection red ' or examination on board of any ship, other than the one to which they are attached, except upon a written order from the flag officer, which shall be presented to the captain of the ship about to be inspected or examined. THE STAFF OF A FL.AG OFFICER. 81 Art. 351. 1. The surgeon of the fleet shall perform the duties of senior Duty of surgeon medical officer of the ship to which he is attached. of tho fleet - 2. He shall, in general, perform such duties as are assigned him by the flag officer. 8. He shall examine and pass upon all requisitions for medical Medical stores for tlie tltifct stores for the ships of the fleet that require the approval of the flag officer. When requisitions on the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery are necessary, they shall be made by him. 4. He shall, under the flag officer, exercise a general supervision Supervision over over all medical officers of the fleet in their professional treatment th^n'e'et. and care of the sick, visiting each ship from time to time for that purpose. He shall consult with the medical officers of the fleet as . to the treatment of difficult cases of sickness. 5. He shall, when directed to inspect the sanitary condition of any inspection of a ship, carefully examine the sick bay, dispensary, medical storeroom, 8hlp ' hospital stores and medicine, medical journal and other records, and instruments. In cases of epidemics, or where there is much sickness on board, he shall examine the condition of the bunkers, holds, bilges, closets, food, water, or make any other inspections necessary to ascertain the cause of the sickness. He will make a written report, in detail, of the result to the flag officer, and he shall not fail to state therein if there is any evidence of neglect of duty on the part of any medical officer of the ship. 6. It shall be his duty, whenever he deems it important, to make Suggestions to to the flag officer any suggestions or reports concerning the sanitary condition of the personnel of the fleet, the prevention of disease or how it may be checked, and the promotion of the care and comfort of the sick and wounded. All such suggestions and reports shall be made in writing. 7. He shall inspect quarterly if practicable, or oftener if ordered, inspection of the sanitary condition of all naval hospitals and other places for " aval h0l) i" tals - treating the sick of the Navy within the limits of the command of the flag officer, and the methods of treating the patients therein; he shall report to the flag officer in writing the result of his inspection. 8. He shall, after an action and from the reports of the medical A re P rt of the killed and wound- ofncers of the ships of the fleet, make and forward to the flag officer ed. and to the Navy Department for the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery a tabulated report of all the killed and wounded. 9. All official reports, communications, and returns, whatever their Official reporu destination, he shall forward through the chief of staff and flag officer. aud return8 ' At the end of every quarter he shall forward to the Navy Department for the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery a tabulated report of the sick of the fleet, and yearly a general sanitary report of the station. He shall approve and forward certificates of death and reports of medi- cal surveys. 82 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 352. Duty of paymas- i. The paymaster of the fleet shall also perform the duties of pay ter of the fleet. . * .. , . , , . officer of the ship to which he is attached. 2. He shall, in general, perform such duties as are assigned him by the flag officer. Sullies for the 3. He shall examine and pass upon all requisitions for stores for the pay departments of ships of the fleet which require the approval of the flag officer. Supervision over 4. He shall, under the flag officer, exercise a general supervision over the senior pay ofli- . , ten of the fleet. all pay officers of the fleet in regard to the manner of keeping accounts and the performance of other technical duties connected with the pay department, visiting each ship from time to time for that purpose. inspe.tii.ii of ft 5. He shall, when dhected, carefully examine into the condition of all stores and supplies, (he accounts and money in charge of the pay officer of any ship of the fleet, his method of performing technical duties, and generally satisfy himself as to the care, zeal, and attention shown by such pay officer. He shall make a written report of the result in detail to the flag officer, and he shall not fail to state therein if there is any evidence of neglect of duty on the part of the pay offi- cer of the ship. Snpprestions to 6. It shall be his duty, whenever he deems it important, to make to the flag officer any suggestions or reports concerning supplies for the fleet, or for the promotion of efficiency, uniformity, and economy among the pay officers of the fleet while performing their official duties. All such suggestions and reports shall be made in writing. Supplies avaiia- 7. He shall keep an account of the supplies at naval depots and other places of deposit within the limits of the flag officer's command, and of the amount of provisions and clothing in the cruising ships of the fleet. TO procure cash g. He shall, under the direction of the flag officer, negotiate bills of for the fleet. . T exchange and procure supplies of money for the fleet. He shall pay out the same only on orders and requisitions duly approved. TO keep separate g jjj s accoun ts as paymaster of the fleet shall be kept separate accounts. * from those of the flagship. Money and other supplies procured for the fleet shall not be used for the flagship except upon approved requisitions, in the same manner as supplied to other ships. Purchases for the 10. He shall make such purchases for the fleet, and under such con- ditions, as are prescribed by the flag officer. Official reports n. All official reports, communications, and returns, whatever their destination, shall be forwarded through the chief of staff and flag officer, except such as are sent to the Treasury Department. Art. 353. Duty of engineer 1. The engineer of the fleet shall also perform the duties of senior engineer of the ship to which he is attached. 2. He shall, in general, perform such duties as are assigned him by the flag officer. THE STAFF OF A FLAG OFFICER. 83 3. He shall examine and pass upon all requisitions of ships of the Supplies for the fleet for stores that pertain to the Bureau of Steam Engineering and fleet " require the approval of the flag officer. 4. He shall, under the flag officer, exercise a general supervision Supervision over over all senior engineers of the fleet in regard to the manner of car- the'fleet! 8 " 1 * 6 " f ing for the'engines, boilers, and other machinery in their charge and the general performance of their technical duties, visiting each ship from time to time for that purpose. 5. He shall, when directed, carefully examine all machinery con- inspection of a nected with the motive power of any ship of the fleet and make him- B lp ' self thoroughly familiar with its construction, condition, requirements, care, and maintenance. He will also make himself familiar with the condition of all the dependencies of this machinery, the spare parts, tools, stores, and supplies on hand. He shall inform himself fully as to the manner in which the engineer officers of the ship perform their technical duties. He shall, if any repairs are necessary, carefully ascertain their nature and extent; he shall make a written report, in detail, of the result to the flag officer, and he shall not fail to state therein if there is any evidence of neglect of duty on the part of the engineer officers of the ship. 6. It shall be his duty, whenever he deems it important, to make suggestions. to the flag officer any suggestions or reports concerning supplies of coal or engine stores for the fleet, the efficiency, condition, and pres- ervation of the motive machinery of ships, and its dependencies, and any measures that will tend to improve any of the material of the fleet that pertains to the Bureau of Steam Engineering, or promote economy in its administration. All such suggestions and reports shall be made in writing. 7. All official reports, communications, and returns, whatever their official reports destination, he shall forward through the chief of staff and flag aud returns. officer. At the end of every quarter he shall make to the flag officer a detailed report, in duplicate, of the condition of the motive machinery and its dependencies upon each ship of the fleet. One copy will be re- tained by the flag officer and one forwarded to the Secretary of the Navy for the Bureau of Steam Engineering. Art. 354. 1. The marine officer of the fleet shall, in addition to his duties as Duties of the such, perform the duties of commanding officer of the marine guard (^fleet officer c of the flagship. 2. As marine officer of the fleet, he shall, when ordered to do so by inspection of the flag officer, make inspection of the marine guards of the ships of guar *' the squadron, and report in writing to the flag officer the result of such inspection. 3. The inspection shall consist of a thorough examination Into inspection to the condition of the guards and their proficiency in all drills and Con8i8tof - duties required of them, and into the care and condition of all arms, H4 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. accoutrements, clothing, and other Government property in that de- partment, for which the officer or noncommissioned officer in charge is responsible. Reports of dig- 4. He shall require, from officers and noncommissioned officers in taiion 1< organ i^a- charge of guards of other ships of the squadron, monthly reports of tion - the strength and distribution of such guards, and shall ofganize the marines of the squadron into a battalion for drill, instruction, or other duty on shore when required. Monthly and 5. All monthly and quarterly reports and returns, which may be i^iarteriy^reporte r6 q u j re( j f rom the officers and noncommissioned officers in charge of through. guards of ships of the squadron, shall be forwarded through the marine officer of the fleet for examination or remark. Marines to be 6. He shall, when authorized to do so by the flag officer, collect the landed for drill. marines of the squadron on shore for drill and instruction. Changes in the ? He shall, through the proper channel, keep the flag officer in- battaiion organiza- formed of any changes in the strength and organization of the battalion. Duty as to drill 8. He shall avail himself of any favorable or convenient opportun- aml iusti urtion on . ., , .,, , . .. ., . - ., shore, ity for the drill and instruction of the marines of the squadron on shore, and shall exert himself to make them as efficient as possible iu all drills and duties required of them. CHAPTEE IX. THE CAPTAIN. SECTION 1. ASSUMING COMMAND AND FITTING Our. Art. 355. 1. An officer who has been ordered by the Navy Department for the When ordered to command of a ship not yet in commission shall at once make a thorough personal examination of her, and inform himself as to her condition and state of preparation for service. 2. He shall, if the ship be at a navy yard, exercise no authority or control over her preparation before she is transferred to his com- mand, but shall keep himself constantly informed of the progress made and offer to the commandant such suggestions concerning the preparations as he considers essential or important to her efficiency. 3. If, when the commandant signifies his intention of transferring the ship to his command, he considers her in an unfit condition to be commissioned, he shall represent the fact to the commandant in writ- ing, stating the reasons. Art. 356. When the ship is to be placed in commission, she shall be formally Going into corn- transferred by the commandant, or by an officer representing him, mi88ion ' who shall not be inferior to the captain in grade, as follows: As many of the officers and crew of the ship as circumstances permit, including a marine guard and music, shall be assembled and properly distributed on the quarter deck. When ready, the commandant or his represent- ative shall cause the national ensign and the proper insignia of com- mand to be hoisted, in accordance with Arts. 139 and 157, and turn the ship over to the captain; the latter shall then read his orders to com- mand, assume charge of the ship, and cause a watch to be set. Art. 357. 1. The captain, upon assuming command of a ship when she is com- Assuming com- missioned, becomes responsible for the discipline on board. n '*"f 1 ""J 1611 conl * 2. He shall at once make himself familiar with the details of the material and personnel of his command, in order that he may make proper representations if any portion of either is unfit for the service to which the ship is destined. 3. He shall apply to the commandant for detailed plans of the ship, and for such other information as can be given him concerning her condition and the repairs and changes made to her hull, machinery, and equipment. 85 86 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 4. He shall use every exertion to complete the equipment of the ship and fit her for sea. 5. He shall make requisition for such articles as are required to render her efficient. 6. He shall make frequent verbal reports of her condition to the commandant, and on the last day of each week a written report in which he shall state all her deficiencies of material and personnel. Art. 358. when Applied If, when the crew is received on board after a ship has been com- rew. au r missioned, the captain believes that any members thereof are physic- ally incompetent to perform properly the duties of their ratings, he shall so report in writing to the commandant and request a survey upon them. Art. 359. TO verify descrip- After going into commission and as soon as practicable after the receipt of the crew on board, he shall have a general muster for the purpose of verifying the descriptions. The executive officer with the senior medical and pay officers shall constitute a board for that pur- pose; the board shall correct all errors found in the description of the men, also errors in dates and spelling, and shall note those who appear physically defective; a list of these corrections shall be sub- mitted to the captain for his approval. Copies of the corrections made shall be transmitted by the captain to the Navy Department for the Bureau of Navigation. The same precautions shall be observed whenever men are received on board. Art. 360. While fitting 1. He shall pay particular attention to the equipment of the ship and endeavor to discover if there are any defects in her outfit and stores, including machinery, boilers, pumps, water-tight doors, bulk- head gates, valves, and cocks, access to bottoms and bilges, ventila- tion, fire extinguishing and distilling apparatus, spars, sails, rigging, guns, and implements, ammunition and ordnance stores, navigation supplies and instruments, clothing, provisions, and medical outfit. 2. He shall cause to be examined all spare parts of machinery and other spare articles and ascertain if they are suitable for the purpose intended. He shall satisfy himself that the boats are tight, and that their outfits, including boat guns and their fittings and the hoisting apparatus, are efficient; and also that the battery can be manipulated effectively. 3. Before leaving the navy yard, the captain shall require each officer in charge of a department to report to him in writing if all the stores as laid down in the allowance books have been received, and what defects or deficiencies, if any, exist in the material or personnel under his immediate supervision. He shall then report to the Navy Department the condition of the ship, her outfit, and equipment. THE CAPTAIN. 87 Art. 361. 1. If, when a captain joins the ship to which he has been ordered, Assuming com- , , , , ,. maud of a ship iu she is already in commission, and at a navy yard, the commanding commission. officer shall call all hands to muster, and the captain shall read his orders and assume command. After taking command he shall pro- ceed as though the ship had just been commissioned. 2. If, when he joins, the ship is cruising, or on service, and without a permanent captain, he shall assume command as laid down in par. 1. The commanding officer shall transfer to him every article in his keep- ing that pertains to the captain, and afford all the information possible that will be of service in the administration and command of the ship. After taking command he shall hold the inspection provided for in Art. 862 and report the result to the Navy Department. Art. 362. 1. The captain or commanding officer about to be relieved, shall A captain re- before the transfer is effected, make a thorough inspection of the C o7un'ilnd? 0ther f ship in company with his successor and cause the crew to be exer- cised in his presence. He shall point out any defects and account for them, and explain" fully any peculiarities of construction or arrangement of the ship. A statement, in quadruplicate, of the in- spection is to be drawn up, and, if satisfactory, signed by the officer succeeding him. If not satisfactory he shall state in what particular it is not so, and the officer relieved shall make such explanations as he may deem necessary, each over his own signature. One copy of this statement is to be forwarded to the Navy Department, one to the commander in chief of the station, and one shall be retained by each of the captains. 2. The captain about to be relieved shall deliver to his' successor the originals or authenticated copies of all unexecuted orders, and take duplicate receipts for the same, forwarding one copy to the superior from whom the order was received. He shall also deliver to him copies of all general regulations and orders that are in force on board, all documents received for his guidance in command, and such other official correspondence and information concerning the ship and her qualities, the officers and crew, as may be of service to his successor. He shall deliver the signal books and the keys to all confidential signals; also all other books, rolls, and documents re- quired by these regulations to be either kept or supervised by himself. Under no circumstances shall he carry away the original records of his official correspondence, original letters, documents, or papers concerning the ship or her officers and crew, without leaving authen- ticated copies of the same. He shall turn over to his successor the keys to the magazines and shell rooms and all articles of the ship's outfit in his possession. He shall sign the log, steam log, officers' journals, expenditure books, and all other papers requiring his ap- proval up to the date of his relief. He shall disrate all petty officers who hold their rate by his order. 88 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 3. After the formalities enumerated in paragraphs 1 and 2 have been completed, all hands shall be called to muster and the captain about to be relieved shall read his orders of detachment and turn over the command to his successor. The latter shall read his orders of com- mand and assume charge; after which he will rate again the persons disrated by his predecessor in compliance with the preceding para- graph. 4. The captain relieved, though without authority after turning over the command is, until he finally leaves the ship, entitled to all the ceremonies and distinctions accorded him while in command. Art. 363. A captain trans- When a captain is transferred from one command to another, he may command to take with him his steward, cook, and one person of inferior rating. another. SECTION 2. ORGANIZATION. Art. 364. Police and other The organization of ships of the Navy shall be governed by naval regulations. laws, regulations and orders from superior authority; all rules and routine orders of the captain shall be in accordance with the same. Art. 365. General orders All general orders issued by the Secretary of the Navy shall be read to the officers and crew by the executive officer, under the di- rection of the captain, at the first general muster after their receipt and the fact entered in the log. Circulars, court-martial orders, and other official matter of like tenor shall be read in the same manner, or placed on bulletin boards or other conspicuous places where they can be read bv officers and crew. Art. 366. The captain will The captain shall issue all general orders relative to the duties of through theexeru- the ship to the executive officer and in other respects keep him in- tiye - formed of his own methods of performing duty, in order that in his absence this officer may exercise command intelligently and in ac- cordance with his wishes. Art. 367. Billets for the 1. He shall cause to be prepared for each member of the crew a crew - billet which shall at least assign to him his rating, watch number, part of the ship, mess, boat, and station at quarters and fire quarters. These billets shall be given out when the crew goes on board. Watch, quarter, 2. He shall, as soon as possible, cause complete watch, quarter, sta- boatbiiifc Jrei a " d tion, fire, and boat bills to be made out, framed, and hung up in some conspicuous position. These must be kept complete, correct, and ac- cessible at all times during the cruise. The boat bill must contain full directions for abandoning ship, including arrangements for pro- viding the necessary supplies of food and water. The fire bill must contain full directions for extinguishing a fire during quarters, when the regular alarm is not given. THE CAPTAIN. 8 3. The articles of war, the daily routine, daily conduct reports, all . ireful informa- * * tion to IIP made police regulations, and routine orders concerning the ship's company known to the crew, shall also be kept hung up in a conspicuous position. Information concerning the movements of the ship, the mails, the address for letters, conduct classes and records, quarterly recommendations and standing, restriction lists, results of competitive drills, and other in- formation of like nature interesting to the crew, and proper for them to know, should be published from time to time. Art. 368. The ship shall not sail from a port in the United States until the Crew stationed crew has been watched, quartered, and stationed, and also exercised * ore g^mng. e at all important stations. Art. 369. The captain shall superintend all important evolutions, exercises, TO superintend and inspections. Art. 370. 1. He shall carefully follow the directions laid down in the ordnance Preparation of instructions in respect to all matters treated therein, unless inconsist- f l * g0 r^ C e. nd rew ent with these regulations or other later orders. 2. Unless urgent duties prevent or the weather renders it impossible, Daily drills, he shall have an exercise at general quarters at least once a week, and require each division to be drilled at least once a day, except on Saturday and Sunday, until the crew is proficient. In bad weather oral instructions under cover shall be substituted for open air drills. When in port where there are United States Marine Barracks, the guard shall be landed and drilled in company with the guard at the barracks at least once a week, when practicable. 3. He shall, so far as it is within his power, comply with and carry out the instructions concerning drills and exercises contained in Art. 251. 4. The captain shall carefully observe the requirements of Art. 249, par. 5. Art. 371. 1. He shall use all proper means to preserve the health of the crew, care of crew, and from time to time consult with the senior medical officer in re- gard to sanitary measures to be adopted for that end. 2. He shall, so far as it is in his power, keep the ship thoroughly cieanlinew. clean throughout, well ventilated, dry, at a comfortable temperature, and well supplied with light. He shall require the men to wash daily; when possible, supplies of fresh water shall be allowed for that purpose and for washing clothes. Bath and wash rooms shall be sup- plied with hot and cold water and kept open during the evening. Every effort shall be made to encourage cleanly personal habits. The hair and beard shall be kept short. At morning inspection, di- vision officers shall carefully observe whether these rules have been followed, and, should it be necessary, any man may be punished for their infraction. Drills in genera). 90 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. '.'loth ing. 3. He shall requiie division officers to inspect clothing once a month, just before the monthly requisitions are made out, and oftener if necessary, in order to ascertain that it is clean, properly marked, and of uniform pattern, that previous issues are duly accounted for, and to take note of any deficiencies. In granting clothing requisitions he shall have due regard to the necessities of the individuals of the crew and the state of their accounts ; keeping them, if possible, out of debt. He will permit nothing but the regulation uniform to be worn; and in arranging the dress for the day he shall prescribe such as will not injuriously affect the health. At morning inspection, from which no one shall be excused unless positively necessary, a careful examination shall be made to see that the clothing is clean, neat, and in accordance with the order for the day. Every reasonable oppor- tunity and facility shall be given to the crew to make, mend, mark, and wash their clothing. Bedding. 4. He shall require the bedding to be aired once a week, each piece being separately shaken out and hung up. All bedding shall be of the uniform pattern and color ; each man shall have two mattress covers and change them frequently; the mattresses shall be picked over and the tickings washed at least once a year ; blankets shall be washed as often as necessary; special facilities, if possible, being given to firemen, mechanics, and others whose bedding requires fre- quent inspections and much care. Food and water. 5. I. He shall see that all cooking and mess utensils are kept clean ; that the food is wholesome and well cooked; and that the water is pure.- Ships on the Asiatic station and elsewhere where pure water can not be obtained from the shore, shall distill all water used for cooking and drinking. No water shall be issued for drinking pur- poses unless it shall have been tested and approved by the senior medical officer. He shall require the senior medical officer to in- spect frequently the fresh food purchased for the crew, and the fruit and other articles of food or drink offered for sale alongside. II. He shall, when possible, require a junior officer, and one or more petty officers, to be present when rations are served out ; they shall report if there is any cause for complaint in quantity or quality. III. He shall establish hours for messing, having a due regard for the duties of the ship and the health of the crew. The crew shall not be disturbed during meal hours when it can be avoided. The practice of conducting visitors through the messing spaces of the men during meal hours should be discouraged. Exposure. 6. He shall see that the crew is not exposed to the sun, or to night dews, when such exposure is injurious and can be prevented. Men who get wet shall be permitted to change their clothing as soon as possible. In ports where there is an infectious disease, or where contagious diseases are notoriously prevalent, the captain should re- strict the amount of leave given or refuse it altogether, if he so deem necessary to preserve the health of the crew. When in unhealthy lo- calities, and where- uec*et>t>ary, the captain may engage native boatmen THE CAPTAIN. 91 to attend the ship in order to preserve the health of the crew. Men suffering from disease shall not be granted liberty, except upon recom- mendation of the senior medical officer. Art. 372. He shall, when fitting out, cause an examination to be made of the Care of bilges, bilges or double bottoms to see that all parts are accessible. If other- wise, he shall represent the fact in writing to the commandant, and, if not remedied in a reasonable time, then to the Navy Department. Art. 373. Captains of iron or steel ships shall give particular attention to the Care and preset- enforcement of the regulations for the care and preservation of such gu.e'uhjps! 1 ' 01 ships. Art. 374. 1. The captain shall have men stationed to close the valves in the ven- ventilation con- tilation conduits whenever the fire alarm is sounded, or the signal given ' to close water-tight doors and valves. 2. The branch pipes from the air conduits to the magazines and shell rooms shall be kept disconnected, except when the latter are in use. Art. 375. 1. Signals shall be provided to indicate that water-tight doors, valves, signals for clos- and traps must be closed. Care shall be taken that this signal shall iu s water-tight be accessible to the officer of the deck and kept in readiness at all times, both at sea and in port. These signals must be so arranged that the men employed in remote compartments may hear them and not be in danger of being shut in: means of escape must be provided, and those stationed to close doors must also be required to make search for and give warning to men in distant compartments. 2. The captain shall, during an action or when at sea in a fog or at when doors and night, and at other times when sudden collisions rnav occur, have as valves are closed as a precaution. many of the water-tight doors and valves closed as practicable, taking into consideration the necessities of the occasion and the require- ments of the officers and crew. Even in action, certain communica- tions in the engine and fire rooms, coal bunkers, magazines, and ven- tilating conduits must be kept open until the last moment. 3. He shall have men detailed who shall, upon the alarm of fire or Men to be sta- when the signal is given, proceed with all possible speed to close the doors anx/raiTesT* air ducts and water-tight doors which will insulate the fire and not interfere with the water supply, and then report them closed to the officer of their division. There shall be a sufficient number of men so detailed to provide for all possible absentees from sickness or other causes. 4. He shall have frequent exercises without previous warning in Men so stationed order to practice the men so stationed at their duties, and shall cause to *** exercised - to be entered in the log the time required fully to perform them. 92 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. All d.>oix valves, 5. He shall assure himself that the duty of examining and work- om ; e aweekT" 1 ** in ' once a week > a11 cocks, valves, slides, doors, outlets, and hatches in connection with the ventilating apparatus, pumps, and water-tight compartments is faithfully performed. Art. 376. Fires and lights. 1. All fires used for cooking shall be extinguished at tattoo, unless ooiiing. S p ec iaiiy authorized by the captain to be continued longer for some specific purpose. "When the weather is very warm they shall be ex- tinguished as early as practicable if by so doing the comfort of the crew is increased. Lights fxtin- 2. All lights, except those in the cabins, offices, wardrooms, steer- *""' ages, staterooms, and those designated by the captain as standing lights, shall be extinguished at tattoo. Lights .-xtin- 3. The lights on the lower decks should be reduced in number, fSJ* l " unless required for the comfort of the crew, before tattoo. All lights in the holds, storerooms and orlops, and all open lights in the ship, except those in officers' quarters, must be extinguished before 7:30 p. m., or at the time of the evening inspection by the executive officer. Light? in- the 4. The lights in the wardroom and steerage country or in officers' wardroom. . T.V.HU * \. j *. -i/\ messrooms, except one in each, shall be extinguished at 10 p. m., unless the time is extended on special occasions. standing lights. 5. There shall be at all times during the night a sufficient number of standing lights throughout the open parts of the ship to enable the officers and crew to turn out, repair to the upper deck, or to attend to any duty arising from a sudden emergency. Sufficient light 6. During rainy or cloudy weather and at other times if necessary, when the duties of the ship will permit, sufficient artificial light shall be supplied between decks for the crew to read, write, or engage in recreation. Extra lights. 7. Special lights for officers' use in their rooms, after hours, may be permitted by the captain, provided that they do not prevent those who who may desire rest from sleeping. Single electric 8. Ships with single electric lighting plants shall always have on hand in the dynamo room and at other places throughout the ship, ready for use, lamps or lanterns that will give sufficient light for emergencies. Quiet to t* pr- 9. The captain shall require quiet to be preserved in officers' quar- xVept. aft ' Ure> ters after 10 o'clock, except on occasions when a special extension of lights is granted as provided in par. 4. Uncovered lights. 10. Uncovered lights shall never be left unattended in any part of the ship, and covered lights shall always be so secured as to prevent breaking or capsizing. Uncovered lights shall never be used in holds, storerooms, orlops, lockers, bilges, or other places below the berth deck, except to test the air. THE CAPTAIN. 93 Lights and fires when handling be extinguished when the magazines are opened, or when handling powder and expio- or passing powder, explosives, or other dangerous combustibles. 12. In time of war, or when necessary to conceal a ship from an i-teiits in time of enemy, only such lights shall be used as are deemed advisable by the senior officer present. Art. 377. 1. Except in emergencies coal shall not be taken on board in a con- Precautions to be dition that might render it dangerous. The bunkers containing fr^" s^'ntaneous such coal shall be carefully watched. combustion and coal gas, coal, and Coal after having been received must be kept as dry as possible, coal bunkers. Special precautions must be taken to prevent the leakage of water into the bunkers. When coal bunkers are not provided with permanent ventilators, the plates shall be removed for ventilation at least twice a week, and oftener if convenient, and kept removed for a period of several hours each time. No light except a miner's safety lamp is to be used inside the coal bunkers, until they have been found to contain no explosive gas; and special precautions in this respect are to be taken for a few days after coaling. Coal bags that have been used should be examined periodically, as fine coal dust remaining in them may produce spontaneous com- bustion. 2. Oil, tallow, and cotton waste shall be stowed in metallic tanks, Oil > tallow, , , ., ., , ,,, paints, and waste. which must be kept as tar from the boilers as possible. Waste and other similar materials saturated with oil or grease must be destroyed immediately after use. Oiled or painted canvas and other oiled or painted fabrics must not be stowed below, and when not in daily use must be frequently examined. Great caution is to be used when lights are taken into the paint room. 3. The captain shall not permit any private property in the nature inflammable n- of inflammable liquid or oil, explosives, or other dangerous stores piu^ves'lnd'o'thet liable to spontaneous combustion, to be placed on board. Private da|| s r iw stores. ammunition must be stowed in places provided for ship's ammunition of a similar character. He shall not permit any inflammable liquid or explosive oil to come on board for ship's use, except such as is permitted by the allowance books. Spirits of turpentine, alcohol, and all varnishes and liquid driers shan be kept in metallic tanks or vessels securely stowed on the upper deck; and none of these liquids shall be taken below except in small quantities for immediate use. The captain shall require the senior medical officer to give his per- sonal attention to the safety of all inflammable medical stores. Acids must not be kept near combustible materials, and the latter, when in bottles, should be placed in lead-lined boxes. 94 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. No mineral oil of any kind shall be used for lighting purposes un- less authorized by the Navy Department. Care shall be exercised that all lights used by the navy yard and other shore mechanics are extinguished when work ceases for the day. Matches. 4. He shall permit on board no other than safety matches, and shall prescribe the necessary precautions to be observed in their use. They shall not be used in storerooms, holds, or orlops, and care shall be taken that persons about to enter the magazines and shell rooms have no matches about them. Boilers and en- 5, jje shall see that precautions are taken to guard against fire in the vicinity of the boilers and engines when steam is up, and for at least 12 hours after fires are hauled. Ventilators and g jj e shall have all ventilators and air conduits periodically exam- air conduits. ined and cleaned out, in order to prevent the accumulation of rubbish and lint that might assist to spread a fire. Electric light- 7. He shall have the instructions for the care and preservation of electric lighting plants carefully followed. The use of electric lights greatly reduces the chances of fire, which can only occur from de- fective insulation or an improper use of the plant. enerat Uti n8 '" ^' ^ e sna ^ ta ^ e suc h other proper precautions as may occur to him to guard against fire, and keep all fire extinguishing apparatus in order and ready for use. When in dry dock, and the fire pumps are useless, extra and stringent precautions must be taken. nd i ddii egUlatiOI1S 9< Copies of A - rts - 376 and 377 8na11 be hun S U P a but the ship and the crew drilled at their fire stations at least once a week, the alarm being frequently sounded at night. Art. 378. Smoking. j. Tb. e captain shall designate the parts of the ship where smoking is allowed for officers and crew, and if possible provide places where all may be comfortable. 2. The crew shall be permitted to smoke from "all hands" to "turn to", during meal hours, and from the time hammocks are down until tattoo. The crew may also be permitted to smoke at other times, such as during holidays, on Saturday and Sunday afternoons, and for a limited period during night watches; but these are privileges which may be withheld, and should be if they lead to soiling the ship or to other abuses. 3. Smoking shall never take place in any part of the ship below the gun deck, or in single-decked ships below the spar deck, except in the cabins and wardroom. Habitual smoking in the wf rdroom is prohibited. Smoking in the wardroom at any time shall be at the discretion of the captain, and shall not take place between the hours of 9 p. m. and 10 a. m., except under special circumstances. 4. Smoking during divine service is forbidden. 6. Smoking in the ship's boats, not on detached service, at any time during daylight, is forbidden. THE CAPTAIN. 95 6. After the hammocks are down, the crew shall smoke only on the upper deck. Art. 379. 1. The captain shall appoint some trustworthy person to perform The mail - the duty of mail orderly, to whom he will give authority to receive the mails from the post office and to sign receipts for all registered letters. 2. The mail for the ship's company shall be placed in the hands of the officer of the deck for distribution. The latter shall have the mail for the crew distributed by the master-at-arms. 3. Lock boxes shall be conveniently placed in which mail for the post office may be deposited. They shall be kept locked; and the 4 keys, when not in use by the mail orderly, shall be kept in the execu- tive officer's office. 4. The captain shall cause arrangements to be made for facilitat- ing the purchase of postage stamps by members of the crew. 5. He shall require the mail orderly to keep a book in which all registered letters received, or sent to the post office shall be entered. Those delivered shall be signed for by the persons receiving them ; those sent to the post office shall be signed for by the mail orderly, who shall on his return to the ship deliver the post office receipts to the senders of the letters, who shall acknowledge the same in the mail orderly's book. Art. 380. 1. He shall, when in port, and when sanitary requirements, exercises, Boats. and the duty of the ship permit, cause regular trips of the ship's boats to the shore to be made, at such hours as he may think proper, for the accommodation of officers and crew. 2. He shall not permit boats to be absent from the ship at meal hours except on urgent public duty. 3. He shall restrict the use of boats at night to a reasonable extent. 4. When a ship is supplied with but one steamcutter it shall be used for the general service of the ship. Art. 381. He shall require efficient means to be constantly kept in readiness Rescuing persons for rescuing any one who may fall overboard. Art. 382. 1. He shall have quarters for inspection daily at 9.30 a. m., or earlier, Q,, ar t ere for in- except on Saturday, and an evening muster at quarters daily, except spection. Sunday in port, at about sunset, unless the weather or some urgent necessity prevents. Quarters may be had on Saturday and Sunday as on other days and at other times, if necessary. 2. Officers of divisions shall, at quarters, inspect the dress and per- sonal appearance of the men of the division, and the condition and security of the battery. They shall ascertain if all are present or accounted for; and attend to such other duties as the routine of the ship may require. 96 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 3. Every officer and man attached to the ship shall be assigned to a division, so that the captain may know at once of his presence or absence by the reports at quarters. Art. 383. Officers' wati-iies. 1. The captain shall not permit officers to do duty in more than five, nor, if practicable, in less than three watches. 2. When at sea, and in port during the night, except in cases of emergency, and as provided for in Art. 493, the regular watch officer only shall have charge of the deck. 3. The captain shall regulate the manner of keeping watch both in port and at sea, having a due regard for the duties of the ship and / the comfort of the officers. Art. 384. station bills at On going out of commission, he shall transmit the watch, quarter station, fire, and boat bills to the Navy Department. Art. 385. Magazines. 1. He shall not permit the magazines to be opened without his knowledge and consent. 2. Whenever the magazines are opened every necessary precaution must be taken, to prevent accidents, and an officer must always be present to superintend the duty performed and to receive and return the keys. 3. Whenever powder or any explosive is to be embarked or disem- barked, a red flag must be hoisted at the fore and all unauthorized lights and fires extinguished. 4. Powder removed from the magazines for saluting shall not re- main out over night; it must be kept in tanks with the lids screwed down, and in charge of a sentry or other responsible person. 5. The captain shall designate the places for stowing primers of dry gun cotton and fulminate fuzes. In no case shall they be kept near each other. SECTION 3. GENERAL DUTIES. Art. 386. Bill of health. When acting singly, he shall by direct telegram keep the Depart- ment advised of the movements of his ship. Art. 387. Unauthorized Before proceeding to sea, he shall satisfy himself that there are no tak^Tto sea. - * unauthorized persons on board, and shall require the senior medical officer to procure a bill of health. Art. 388. Passengers. 1. He shall permit passengers on board only under the following conditions: I. When in the waters of the United States, upon the permission of the Secretary of the Navy or upon the order of a superior, which order shall only be given under instructions from the Secretary. THE CAPTAIN. 97 II. When in foreign waters, upon the written permission of the Commander-in-chief or of the senior officer; or if alone, in accordance with Art. 257. 2. He shall not permit a passenger to interfere in the management of the ship in any way, except as provided for in Art. 44. 3. The names of all passengers, and the dates of arrival on board and departure from the ship, must be entered in the log, and reported to the Navy Department. Art. 389. A captain who departs from his orders or instructions under any A captain always _ . , . ... responsible for his circumstances, or takes official action at the request of any person, acts, must do so upon his own responsibility and immediately report the circumstances to his superior. Art. 390. He shall keep an order book in which shall be entered all orders Night order given to the officer of the deck for the night. This book shall be boolc ' preserved as a part of the official records of the ship. Art. 391. He shall not, when in squadron, make an official signal to any other Not to make sig- than to the flag ship of his immediate superior, except when neces- ?on! W sary to repeat one made by the latter, or to report a danger; nor shall he make a signal of recognition to a strange ship without permission. Art. 392. He shall not, when in squadron, perform any independent evolution No independent ... , , - jxs -, movements when without orders from the senior officer, except to avoid a collision or in squadron, danger. Art. 393. If, when in squadron, he finds that the course directed is leading: Notice of danger ,..,,. , .L-L..LI ., when in squadron. the ship under his command, or any other, into danger, he shall promptly give notice to the senior officer and to the ship endangered. Art. 394. 1. If a ship is separated from the squadron to which she belongs, if separated from the captain must explain the cause of such separation to the officer hl in chief command at the time, and also to the commander in chief. 2. If a ship enters a port not designated or permitted by the instruc- tions to her captain, he shall report to his immediate superior the cause for so doing and the delay necessary. Art. 395. He shall, when in squadron, forward directly to the commander in Reports to corn- chief, unless otherwise directed by him, all routine reports concern- m ing the organization, administration, duties, and discipline of the ship. 13448-7 98 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 396. Reports in case He shall report to the commander-in-chief, immediately after its of damage to the ship. occurrence, every instance when the ship under his command touches the ground, has a collision, a fire on board, any serious accident to hull, spars, machinery, or boilers, or other important events of like nature; he shall forward with the report a statement of all the cir- cumstances attending the accident, also the report of the board, if one has been ordered. Art. 397. Personal reports 1. He shall, when in command of a flagship, have the following re- chief. *" ports made to the commander in chief : 1. When in port, the movements of all ships of war, mail steamers, and vessels that may be in danger from any cause. II. "When at sea, the discovery of land, lighthouses, light ships, strange sails, and all dangers, real or supposed; also the position of the ship at 8 a. m., 12 m., and 8 p. m. 2. He shall, when in command of a ship at sea in company with the flagship, make by signal the same reports to the commander in chief as though he were in command of a flagship. 3. He shall, when in port in company with the flagship and in com- mand of a ship acting as guardship, report by signal to the com- mander in chief every event happening in port that is of interest to him in his official capacity. Art. 398. Report on the ! He shall make, in accordance with the prescribed form, a quar- q^u aii ties of the t er jy report of the steaming and sailing qualities of the ship to the Secretary of the Navy. 2. He shall, when he deems it important, suggest any alterations which will in his opinion improve or render the ship more efficient, and, if practicable, state the probable cost of such alterations. Art. 399. Reports to the He shall, when acting singly, report as required by Arts. 274, 823. officer in chief command. 435, and 436. Art. 400. Collisions with i. In the event of a collision between a ship of the Navy and a merchant vessels. _ _i *. merchant vessel, so serious or under such circumstances as not to admit of immediate repair with the resources at hand, and therefore likely to involve damages, he shall order at once a board of three officers to ascertain all the attending circumstances, injuries received by the merchant vessel, and probable amount of damages, and which of the ships is responsible for the accident, and report to him in trip- licate accordingly; one copy of the report will be forwarded without delay to the commander in chief for the Secretary of the Navy, one given to the master of the merchant vessel, and the remaining copy retained by himself. When repairs have been effected on the spot, THE CAPTAIN. 99 a certificate of the fact shall be taken from the master of the mer- chant vessel and forwarded, through the commander in chief, to the Secretary of the Navy. 2. If the collision occurs in the waters of the United States, and results in the loss of life or damage to person or property, he shall inform the collector of the district in which it occurs, in accordance with the Act of June 20, 1874 (Laws Relating to the Navy, 1883; p. 100). 3. He shall, if the collision occurs in a foreign port, take such measures as may be required by the port regulations, informing the captain of the port should it be necessary. Art. 401. 1. He shall, in case of the loss of the ship, remain by her with offi- Loss of the ship. cers and crew as long as necessary and save as much Government property as possible. Every reasonable effort shall be made to save the logbook, muster roll, accounts of officers and crew, and other val- uable papers. 2. If it becomes necessary to abandon the ship, he should be the , The cap taln the last to leave the last person to leave her. ship. 3. I. He shall make a report of the circumstances to the Secretary Crew and VTP- erty saved, how of the Navy as soon as possible; and, if wrecked within the United disposed of. States, repair to the nearest naval station with the crew of the ship. II. He shall, if in a foreign country, lose no time, after making all efforts to save property, in returning with the officers and crew to the fleet or squadron to which they belong, or, if acting singly, to the United States. He shall take steps for the preservation of the Govern- ment property saved, until it shall be disposed of in such manner as the Department may direct. 4. He shall, in the event of the loss of accounts of any person in LOBS of accounts, the Navy, caused by wreck or otherwise, proceed in accordance with Art. 1570. 5. He shall, when the descriptive lists of any of the crew are lost, LOSS of descnp- apply to the Navy Department for copies, forwarding a list contain- ta ing their names and ratings. 6. He shall cause officers of division to report to him the loss of LOSS of clothing clothing and bedding sustained by the crew on occasion of the loss and beddm s- or capture of the ship. These reports, carefully drawn up in a uni- form manner, and duly signed by officers of divisions and by him- self, shall be forwarded to the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 402. On occasions of sending a boat or other expedition away from the Expeditions sent ship on important duty, when it is to proceed beyond signal distance, from a Bhlp ' the captain shall give the officer in command written orders. Art. 403. He shall, when not attached to a fleet or squadron and while senior when acting officer, be governed by Art. 325. 100 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 404. inspection when He shall, when not attached to a fleet or squadron, inspect the ship Acting singly under his command in accordance with Arts. 248 and 249. Art. 405. intelligence re- He shall act in accordance with Art. 238 in regard to intelligence reports, and will require the officers of his command to cooperate with him in acquiring information for that purpose. Art. 406. fi ciai inform*?! f ~ ^ e slia ^' ^ practicable, when falling in with another ship of the Navy, compare signal books, general orders, and circulars, and take such other steps as may be necessary to obtain the latest information that may affect his command. Art. 407. Signal and tao- He shall consider par. 2, Art. 336., as applicable to himself, and act tical books. accordingly. Art. 408. Customs exam- 1. He shall facilitate any examination which it may be the duty of a customs officer of the United States to make on board of the ship under his command. 2. He shall not permit a foreign customs officer to make any examination whatsoever on board of the ship or boats under his command. Art. 409. Search never to He shall not permit any ship of the Navy under his command to be searched by any person representing a foreign state, nor any of the officers or crew to be taken put of her, so long as he has the- power to resist. If force is used, it must be repelled. Art. 410. Man-of-warboats. 1. In ports where war or insurrection exists or threatens, he shall always require the boats away from the ship to have some competent person in charge, and care shall be taken to make their national character evident at all times. 2. The boats of a ship of war will be regarded in all matters con- cerning the rights, privileges, and comity of nations as parts of the ship herself. Art. 411. f Medical aid to He may require the medical officers of his command to render pro- pflrsons not in the . . ,, . . , , . , Navy. fessional aid to persons not in the naval service, when such aid can be rendered without detriment to the interests of the Government, and is necessary and demanded by the laws of humanity or the prin- ciples of international courtesy. Art. 412. Marriages on j jj e 8 hall not perform a marriage ceremony on board; nor shall he permit one to be performed when the ship is outside of the terri- THE CAPTAIN. 101 tory of the United States, except in accordance with the local laws and the laws of the State, Territory, or district in which the parties are domiciled and in presence of a minister or consul of the United States, who has consented to issue the certificates and make the returns required by the consular regulations. 2. He shall report to the Secretary of the Navy all marriages occur- ring on board. Art. 413. He shall examine the log daily and have corrected any inaccuracies The log. or omissions he may observe. After it has been duly signed and sub- mitted to the captain, no change or addition shall be made without his permission or direction, and any change or addition must be made by the officer in whose watch the event under consideration occurred. An officer of the watch shall not decline to make a change in or an addition to his log, when his attention is called to an inaccuracy or omission by the captain or navigator, unless he believes the proposed change or addition to be incorrect; in which event he shall, if re- quired, explain in writing to the captain his reasons for this opinion. The captain may then make any remarks concerning this particular inaccuracy or omission that he may deem proper, entering them at the bottom of the page over his own signature. He shall approve the log on the last day of every month and upon the day of relinquish- ing command. Art. 414. He shall, whenever he considers it necessary, inspect the medical . The medical journal. journal. Art. 415. He shall examine the steam log daily, and call the attention of the The 8team lo *- senior engineer officer to any inaccuracies or omissions he may observe. The senior engineer officer will cause the steam log to be corrected as pointed out by the captain, unless he believes the proposed entries to be incorrect; in which event he shall, if required, explain in writing to the captain the reasons for this opinion. The captain may then enter upon the steam log, over his own signature, any remarks con- cerning the particular inaccuracy or omission under consideration that he may deem proper. After the steam log has been examined by the captain no change or addition shall be made without his permis- sion. He shall approve the steam log on the last day of every month and upon the day of relinquishing command. Art. 416. He shall examine the electrical journal at least once a week, and The electrical approve it on the last day of every month and upon the day of relin- J urnaL quishing command. Art. 417. He shall examine all expenditure books as occasion may require, Expenditure and approve them on the last day of every month and upon the day booka ' of relinquishing command. 102 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 418. He shall examine and approve daily the binnacle or other list of Binnacle list. officers and crew recommended to be excused from duty, and no names shall be added after it has been signed, without his permission. Art. 419. Sockets and He shall designate the number of rockets and the amount of powder puriK>ses. f0r al to be kept in readiness for signal purposes. Art. 420. Cables slipped or He shall, if a cable has been slipped or parted, use every means possible to recover it. Art. 421. High explosives When a ship under his command arrives at a navy yard for docking moved. or j or or( jj nary repairs, only high explosives need be removed. Art. 422. Not required to He is not required to perform the duties of a pay officer. act as pay officer. Art. 423. Duties upon He shall, upon going out of commission, satisfy himself before misslon! Ut "" leaving the ship that the engines and boilers and their attachments have been put into the condition required by Art. 1582, and that all returns have been made and every article turned over to the proper authority. He will then forward to the Secretary of the Navy the original records of all official correspondence for the cruise concern- ing the ship, her officers and crew, or authenticated copies of the same. SECTION 4. DUTIES IN TIME OP WAR. Art. 424. General duties of He shall consider the provisions of Art. 265 as applicable to himself captain in time of - m re f erence to this section. Art. 425. station in battle. His station in battle shall be such as will enable him to fight the ship to the best advantage. Art 426. when pacific re- If he entertains any doubts in regard to the pacific relations of the lations are doubt- United States with any foreign state, he shall be vigilant in watching the movements and acts of possible enemies, in order to prevent being surprised or taken at a disadvantage. Art. 427. When an engage- i. He shall, when in presence of an enemy, or upon approaching a nient is possible. strange ship or on being approached by one, have the crew at quarters and the ship ready for battle. THE CAPTAIN. 103 2. When in company with an enemy for a considerable length of time, as when both are at anchor in a neutral port, the officers and crew shall be kept on board and the ship at all times in a condition to be ready for action at a moment's notice; at night, one watch shall be kept at their stations for battle. Art. 428. He shall, if possible, before going into action, communicate to his Communicating important infor- officers his plans for battle and such other information as will be of mation. service to them should they succeed to the command of the ship. Art 429. He shall not, when in command of a ship forming part of a fleet or When in squad- ron not to engage squadron, engage an enemy without an order trom the commander- without orders. in-chief. Art. 430. He shall not, without permission, retire from battle to assist a dis- Will not retire abled ship, or to take possession of a captured one. Art. 431. He shall, when an enemy's ship in battle strikes her flag, continue When an enemy the action with other ships of the enemy; but shall take possession of 8tnkes his flag< the surrendered ship as soon as practicable. Art. 432. He shall, on taking possession of a prize, adopt such measures as Taking possession of a captured vea- may be necessary to prevent her from being recaptured. He shall sei. remove such of the officers and crew as may be necessary, and take great care to preserve the log, all journals, signal books and signal8| orders, instructions, letters, ship's papers, and any other documents of importance, or bearing upon the validity of the capture. Art. 433. He shall take care that all prisoners of war are treated with hu- Prisoners of war. manity; that their personal property is preserved and protected; that they are allowed the use of such of their effects as may be necessary for their health; and that they are supplied with rations properly cooked. He will, however, have them properly guarded and deprived of all means of escape or revolt. Art. 434. He shall, if the motive machinery is disabled and he is obliged to if unable to con- drop out of battle, make such repairs as he is able without delay, ti and bring the ship as soon as possible again into action. Art. 435. He shall, immediately after a battle, repair damages as far as To prepare for ... , *L further service im- possible and use every effort to prepare the ship for further service in mediateiyafterbat- action. He shall transmit to his superior in command a list of killed *** and wounded, and an account of deficiencies of ammunition, personnel, or material necessary for immediate service. 104 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 436. battle 01 ** after * He shall > after a battle, make full report thereof as prescribed in Art. 274. These reports must be accurate and explicit and contain all important details ; the movements of ships should be illustrated ; the force and direction of the wind and state of the sea given ; the bearing, distance, and outlines of the land, if any is in sight, stated ; and the efficiency of the ship and all munitions of war carefully noted., Art. 437. To prerent the He shall, if compelled to surrender or about to be captured, attend 'rs. impor ' personally to the destruction of his orders and other papers likely to be of use to an enemy. Art. 438. General duties. When acting singly he shall carry out the instructions prescribed In Sec. 8, Chap. V, for a commander in chief, as far as they may be applicable. SECTION 5. INTERCOURSE WITH FOREIGNERS. Art. 439. General duties to He shall carefully note and conform to the instructions laid down relation to foreign- . _ . .-, -^ CM. in Sec. 4, Chap. V. Art. 440. Assistance to jj e s h a ii afford all assistance in his power to vessels of a foreign state at peace with the United States. Art. 441. .if refused assist- He shall, if refused assistance by any foreign official, report the circumstances to the officer in chief command and to the Secretary of the Navy. SECTION 6. NAVIGATION. Art. 442. Draft of water. He shall, immediately bef ore v leaving and as soon as practicable after entering port, require the navigator to ascertain the draft of water forward, amidships, and aft, and enter it in the log. Art. 443. Lookouts. jj e g^aii always when under way and, if necessary, when at anchor, have a lookout stationed aloft during the day. At night he shall have as many lookouts stationed as are necessary. He shall require them to be proficient in their duties as lookouts. Art. 444. Banning and an- i jj e shall take special care that the lights required by law, to pre- CD or ligutB. . vent collisions at sea and in port, are kept in order and burning during the night, unless it be necessary to extinguish them for war purposes or while exercising as though engaged in war. THE CAPTAIN. 105 2. He shall require that there be kept at hand, convenient for use, means for relighting or replacing any such light that may be extin- guished. Art. 445. He shall observe every precaution required by law to prevent col- Precautions to * * prevent collisions. lisions and other accidents on the high seas and inland waters. Art. 446. Unless in company with a senior, he is responsible for the course Course steered. steered, and he is always responsible for the safe conduct of the ship. Art. 447. He shall enter in the night order book each evening, for the infor- mation of the officer of the deck, the course and any necessary special precautions concerning the speed and navigation of the ship. Art. 448. He shall pilot the ship under his command under all ordinary cir- Piloting. cumstances, but may employ a pilot when he considers it necessary reporting such cases to the Department. Art. 449. When in the vicinity of land or upon approaching an anchorage of ^^SJt* 1011 * for any kind, he shall have the cables bent and the anchors ready for letting go. Art. 450. 1. When at sea and on soundings, he shall have casts of the lead . ** u sounding* shall be taken. taken frequently in order to verify the position. 2. When going into or out of port or approaching an anchorage, shoals, or rocks, with or without a pilot on board, he shall keep the hand leads going, and, if necessary in order to obtain correct sound- ings, reduce the speed. Art. 451. 1. He shall select a safe place to anchor. After anchoring, he shall Anchoring. have such bearings and angles taken and entered in the log, as will enable the exact position of the ship to be located on the chart. 2. He shall, if the ship is anchored at a place not surveyed, and if practicable, have the depth of water and character of the bottom ex- amined for at least three cables' lengths around the ship. The result shall be entered in the log. Art. 452. He may, at his discretion, require the line officers of the ship to Navigation by take any astronomical or other observations and make any calcula- tions necessary to obtain the position of the ship, or for other necessary purposes of navigation, and report the results to him. 106 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 453. Compasses. ^ ]j e shall keep himself informed of the error of the standard and binnacle compasses. He shall forward to the Navy Department a re- port of the result every time the local deviation is obtained. 2. He shall carefully follow the instructions issued from time to time concerning the management of, and reports on, compasses. Art. 454. Hydrographicin- He shall report to the Navy Department all important hydrographic or other information he may acquire concerning the navigation of ships. Art. 455. Sailing direc- j. He shall carefully preserve all information that he may receive or be able to procure concerning the safe navigation of the ship. 2. He shall require the sailing directions, light and beacon lists, hydrographic notices, notices to mariners, and charts of the ship to be compared with those of other ships of the Navy which he may meet, having later information on these subjects than his own, and any differences shall be noted. 3. He shall, when there is any doubt about the safe navigation of routes he proposes to take, or ports he intends to visit, make every effort to obtain from any reliable source, foreign or otherwise, all possible information that will aid him. Art. 456. Surreys. He shall, when his duties and other circumstances permit, make a careful survey and construct a chart of any shoals, harbors, or dangers to navigation that he may discover or find to be inaccurately located. He shall forward them through the usual official channels, with all the original data and computations used in their construction, to the Navy Department. Art. 457. Suspected dangers. Wh en passing in the vicinity of suspected dangers, or where there are indications of shoal water or danger not on the chart, he shall, unless there are good reasons to the contrary, make such .search as the weather and other circumstances permit, forwarding to the Navy Department the results, with a track chart showing the traverses made and soundings taken. In the event of no search being made, he will report to the Navy Department the result of his observations and his reasons for the omission. SECTION 7. SUPPLIES AND REPAIRS. Art. 458. Economy in ex- He shall regard himself as responsible for the economical main- tenance of his ship, and shall require from all under his command a rigid compliance with the regulations in relation to the receipt and expenditure of public money or stores. THE CAPTAIN. 107 Art. 459. He shall not, unless absolutely necessary, place any one on an allow- ance of water of less than one gallon per day. He shall, when prac- ticable, issue on the evening before wash days an allowance of fresh water to be used over night for soaking the soiled clothes of the crew. Art. 460. He shall be governed by the provisions of Art. 294. Allow a n c e Supplies, how ob- tained and their disposition. Requisitions and Requisitions ap- proved by himself. Art. 461. He shall, upon arrival in a port where there is a senior officer, submit to him as soon as practicable requisitions for such supplies and repairs as may be necessary to render the ship efficient and ready flcer - for any service; also requests for surveys, and all other papers requir- ing the senior officer's action. He shall call special attention to any article he may require that is in excess of allowance either in kind or quality. Art. 462. He shall, when it becomes necessary to approve requisitions for ,. . , , , ., , . 11. supplies, repairs, or labor, tor the ship under his command, be governed by Arts. 297 and 300. Art. 463. 1. He shall not, when the ship under his command is attached to a Suppliesofmoney. fleet or squadron, authorize bills of exchange to be negotiated without having previously obtained permission from the commander in chief, except in cases of emergency. 2. When procuring supplies of money he shall be governed by Art. 292, par. 1. 3. He shall, when the ship under his command is attached to a fleet or squadron and separated from the commander in chief, forward to him, whenever a bill of exchange is negotiated, an additional copy of the letter of advice required by these regulations to be sent to the Secretary of the Navy. 4. All money received by negotiating bills of exchange, shall be deposited on board ship without delay, by the pay officer, who shall make a report of the amount to the captain and to the officer of the deck. Art. 464. He shall not, except in emergency, the nature of which shall be reported, land any spare spars, stores, or other articles belonging to the ship, at any port, without the written permission of his flag officer. Art. 465. 1. He shall, each quarter, and oftener if necessary, cause all spare articles and stores, including all cables, hawsers, and sails, to be ex- articles. amined in order to prevent deterioration and insure their efficient condition. Not to land spare Examination of 108 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Chain cables. 2. At this quarterly examination particular attention shall be paid to the chain cables; they must be scaled and cleaned of rust and other foreign matter; the shackles, shackle bolts, forelock pins, and swivels will -be carefully examined and put in order; and such parts as require it will be coated with blacking, tallow, or white lead. Art. 466. Not to interfere He shall exercise no control over the officers or mechanics of a navy commandant. yard or station where the ship under his command may be moored, unless by the permission or direction of the commandant, except in matters coming under the police regulations of the ship. Art. 467. Rei-aire by ship's He shall, as far as possible and when in accordance with the inter- ests of the Government, cause all repairs to the hull, machinery, spars, boats, and to all articles of equipment and outfit, to be made by the ship's mechanics. Art. 468. Reports of requi- He shall, when approving requisitions or public bills for supplies, eitions and bills ap- proved, repairs, or labor, either for the ship under his command or for any other, carefully observe the instructions laid down in Art. 298. Art. 469. Allowance books. He shall, after actual trial, report any deficiencies or excesses that may come to his notice, in the kind or quantity of articles in the allow- ance books. He shall require from any of the officers of his command who find these books defective, specific written statements giving the particulars wherein they are so, and shall embody this information in his report. Art. 470. Chartering ves- If it becomes necessary to charter a vessel for any purpose he shall 1 follow the instructions laid down in Art. 301. Art. 471. investigation of He shall, when alone, carry out the instructions laid down in Arts. all serious damages , by a board. 302, 322, and 400. SECTION 8. PERSONNEL. Art. 472. Persons who may i. He shall, when acting independently and not in the presence of be sent to the Unit- mtLi TT ed states. a senior, send no other members of his command to the United States than the following: I. Persons whose terms of service have expired. II. Persons who have been condemned by medical survey. III. Persons charged with a crime or an offense for which they cannot be tried on the spot by a court competent to award a sufficient punishment, in which case necessary witnesses shall also be sent. 2. He shall follow the instructions laid down in Arts. 305 and 306, when applicable to him. THE CAPTAIN. 109 Art. 473. He shall carefully observe the instructions given in Art. 304. . Service on un- healthy stations. Art. 474. 1. He shall, if possible, investigate in person all offenses. The in- off eIes tigatit>n f vestigation shall not be delegated to any other officer, unless in case of illness or absence from the ship. 2. He shall have a record of punishments kept according to pre- . Record and quar- terly report of scribed forms, including all minor punishments, such as extra duty punishments. and deprivation of leave, as well as confinement, and make quarterly reports of the same to the Xavy Department. Art. 475. He shall cause to be prepared liberty lists and monthly money lists, Li t hi erty and which he shall carefully inspect before approval. He shall exercise lists, great care that no injustice is done in the distribution of privileges in these respects. Art. 476. 1. He shall, under reasonable restrictions as to time and place, re- To receive and ceive and consider any request, report, or statement that any member of thfcrew?' 11166 of the crew may desire to make. 2. He shall prescribe the means by which the members of the crew shall make known to him their desire to prefer a request, or to make a report or statement to him. 3. Members of the crew who make frivolous, vexatious, or false re- ports or statements, knowing them to be such, shall be considered as guilty of a misdemeanor. Art. 477. He shall not, while on a foreign station, receive on board as pris- Merchant seamen oners seamen from merchant vessels, unless the witnesses necessary to on'bo'rd 6 received substantiate the charges against them are also received, or some cer- tain means adopted to insure the presence of such witnesses on the arrival of the prisoners at the place where they are to be handed over to the civil authorities. Art. 478. He shall, when on a foreign station, if three or more of the crew of Complaints . of a merchant vessel of the United States complain to him of the quality m of the provisions or water served out to them, proceed in accordance with the Revised Statutes, Sec. 4565. Art. 479. He may, when on a foreign station, receive on board distressed sea- Distressed sea- men of the United States without reference to the established comple- men * ment of the ship. They shall be entered as supernumeraries for rations and passage to the United States, provided they bind them- selves to be amenable in all respects to the laws and regulations for the government of the Navy. Such persons, however, will not be re- 110 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. ceived or entered upon the books of the ship without the authority of the senior officer present: and captains will keep the commander in chief fully informed of all transactions in regard to them. Art. 480. Not to exceed He shall not exceed the number of men allowed by the complement the complement of ,,,,.. , . , . the ship: of the ship in any rating, except to make up a deficiency in some superior rating, or by express authority of the Secretary of the Navy, or, when on a foreign station, by authority of the commander in chief. Art. 481. TO inspect re- He shall cause all recruits, previous to their enlistment, to be in- spected and examined in accordance with the requirements of the en- listment returns. Art. 482. instruction for He shall cause the ordinary seamen, landsmen, and boys to be in- structed in steering, heaving the lead, knotting and splicing, the use of the palm and needle, sailing and pulling in boats, exercise aloft, and generally in all the duties of seamen. If there are any who cannot read and write, he will give them facilities to learn and encourage them in so doing. The instruction of apprentices will be carried on according to special instructions laid down in Chap. XX, Sec. 5. Art. 483. Paying off. He shall, on the ship's arrival at any port of the United States for the purpose of going out of commission, forward to the Navy De- partment a requisition for money to pay oft such of the crew as may be ordered to be discharged, or whose term of service has expired. Art. 484. Discharges. 1. He shall take great care that all discharges are made out in ac- cordance with the instructions laid down in Chap. XIX, Sec. 4. 2. He shall make all necessary efforts to prevent delay in discharg- ing men whose terms of service have expired. To this end he shall advise the Navy Department in season of the discharges and medals that he may require, so as to receive them by the time it is expected to discharge the men or, if on a foreign station, upon his arrival in the United States. Art. 485. Deceased per- 1. He shall cause to be entered in the log the name and rank or 80 Ail deaths to be rating of any person who may die on board, and also a statement of entered in the log. t ne exact time of his death. Beport of deaths. 2. He shall report to the Secretary of the Navy any death that may occur on board. In addition, information of the same shall be for- warded to the nearest relative or legal representative of the deceased, if the address of such person can be obtained. He is authorized to use the telegraph for this, if deemed expedient. THE CAPTAIN. Ill 8. He shall, upon the death of any person on board the ship under his command, cause all of the effects of the deceased to be collected and inventoried. If the deceased was an officer, this shall be done by two officers of the ship; if a member of the crew or other person, by the officer of his division or one detailed for the purpose. The inven- tories shall be made out in duplicate, and be duly attested and signed by the officers making them. Upon the completion of the inventory, the effects, if not of a perishable nature, shall be put up in packages of a convenient size and sealed with the seal of the ship. The cap- tain shall retain one copy of the inventory himself, and shall deliver the other to the pay officer, who shall also take charge of the effects for safe keeping. 4. I. If any of the effects of a deceased person are perishable and Disposition of ef- f_ fects of deceased deteriorating, they shall be immediately sold at auction. persons. II. All papers, medals, small trinkets, and keepsakes of value shall be forwarded to the Fourth Auditor with the accounts of the deceased, except in the case of officers whose families are known, or whose wishes have been expressed. III. When the executor or legal representative of the deceased person applies for his effects, all shall be delivered to him, except any money that may be found among them. IV. The captain shall exercise his discretion as to causing the ef- fects of deceased enlisted men to be sold at auction at the mast, or retaining them for transmission to the heirs, relatives, or friends. In exercising this discretion he will be governed by the wishes of the heirs, relatives, or friends, if possible to learn them before closing the accounts of the deceased. The proceeds of the sale, and all cash found among the effects, shall be credited by the pay officer on the accounts of the deceased. 5. He shall cause the accounts of all deceased persons to be closed as soon as possible and forwarded to the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury, together with the will, if any can be found, and with the articles mentioned in par. 4, II, provided they have not been delivered to his executor or legal representatives. These accounts must be ex- amined and approved by the captain. Art. 486. He shall sign the descriptive lists on all certificates of death, cer- Certificates of tificates of ordinary disability and certificates of pensions. amfpensio'n* ' Art. 487. 1. He shall, when he declares any person a deserter, cause the effects Effects of a de- of the latter to be collected and inventoried according to instructions ** laid down in Art. 485, par. 8. 2. These effects shall be sold at public auction at the mast, and the proceeds credited on the accounts of the deserter by the pay officer. 112 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 488. Effects of per- fhe effects of persons captured shall be collected, inventoried, and an enemy. placed in the custody of the paymaster of the ship, subject to the orders of the owner or his representative; but the same discretion may be exercised by the captain in reference to sale of the effects of captured enlisted men as in the case of enlisted men deceased. Art. 489. Effects destroyed He shall, if it becomes necessary to destroy clothing or other per- of disease? sonal effects of officers or crew to prevent the spread of disease, order a survey as provided in Art. 1422. Art. 490. Keport of changes He shall, on the eve of sailing from any port, forward to the Navy Department a report showing all changes that have taken place in the officers and crew of his command since the last similar report or muster roll was forwarded. Art. 491. Books, records, 1. He shall supervise the manner of keeping and preparing the and returns con- ,, j i_ ii_ T -*-r cerning the crew, books, records, and returns required by the Bureau of Navigation concerning the crew, and satisfy himself that they are just and cor- rect, in accordance with instructions. 2. He shall require the division and other officers to report in writ- ing such information as may be necessary to enter in these books, records, and returns. Art. 492. whn c thl shT^ta He shall > if an J officers are absent when the ship is about to sail about to sail. from a home port, reporfrtheir names to the Navy Department, with such particulars concerning their absence as he may be able to fur- nish. Art. 493. The instruction i. He shall require all officers of his command to embrace every opportunity to improve themselves in their profession and to increase their knowledge of it. 2. He shall, on suitable occasions at sea during daylight, and in port, direct the line officers junior to the watch officers to take charge of the deck for the purpose of instruction, and to perform the duty of officer of the deck under the direction and subject to the orders of the watch officer on duty, who shall be responsible and who shall sign the log. 3. He shall give line officers opportunities to gain experience in manoeuvering the ship, and shall for this purpose, when suitable occasions occur, lay out targets or anchor buoys to represent an object to be rammed, blown up, or avoided. 4. He shall require all line officers junior to the watch officers to ac- quire a thorough knowledge of the steam machinery and boilers of the ship, and to become proficient in their management, care, and preser- THE CAPTAIN. 113 vation. To this end lie shall direct them to stand watch in the engine or fire rooms in a manner best adapted to accomplish the desired purpose, having due regard for the duties of the ship. 5. He shall require all line officers junior to the watch officers to become skilled in practical navigation, and shall direct them to per- form such duties in connection with the navigation of the ship as may be necessary to accomplish this end. 6. He shall require naval cadets to keep a journal containing ob- servations of a professional nature on the places visited, the winds and currents, the daily position of the ships, a track chart embracing the cruise of the ship, and essays on professional subjects, or descrip- tions of nautical and professional material which they may desire, or may be directed to prepare, in order to aid them at their final exami- nation. He will examine and approve these journals on the last day of every month and upon the day of relinquishing command. He shall also require them to keep a navigation note book. 7. He shall, in addition to the other reports on officers required by the regulations, forward to the Secretary of the Navy at the end of each quarter a report in accordance with prescribed forms on the proficiency of naval cadets. Art. 494. He shall not withhold any orders or other communications received To deliver orders . * j i_ j i*j and communica- from a senior for any person under his command, except for good tions. and sufficient reasons which he shall at once report to said senior. Art. 495. He has, when in a foreign port where there is no United States con- When to exercise sul, or upon the high seas when senior officer, the authority of law to *e power of aeon- exercise the powers of a consul in regard to mariners of the United States. Art. 496. He shall carry out the instructions in regard to the reports on the Reports on the fitness of officers, as laid down in Art. 237. When acting independ- fituess ently, these reports will be forwarded directly to the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 497. 1. In the absence, or during the disability, of the captain, the senior Succession to command, in case line officer remaining on duty succeeds to all the responsibility and of the absence or all the authority of the captain, except as stated below. captain! 7 2. When in command for a period of less than twenty-four hours, he may, if in his judgment necessary in order to preserve discipline, suspend or arrest an officer, or confine an enlisted man, subject to the approval of the captain upon his return to duty. If in command for a period greater than twenty- four hours, he may award punish- ments for infractions of discipline in the same manner as the captain- 3. When in command for any period during a temporary absence of the captain, he shall not change the general orders, routine, or other permanent dispositions of the captain. 134488 CHAPTEE X. THE EXECUTIVE OFFICER SECTION 1. GENERAL POWERS. Art. 498. 1. The executive will be detailed as such by the Secretary of the Personality. Navy from among the officers of the line. He shall be next in rank to the captain. 2. If detached, absent, disabled, placed in arrest, or suspended from duty, his duties shall devolve upon the line officer next in rank below him. Art. 499. 1. He has no authority independent of the captain. Authority. 2. His orders shall be considered as proceeding from the captain and the details of duty hereinafter laid down shall be regarded as in execution of the captain's orders. 3. While executing the orders of the captain he takes precedence over all other officers. Art. 500. 1. The executive officer, when on board ship, shall regard himself Duty. as always on duty. 2. He shall receive all orders relating to the general duties of the ship directly from the captain, and shall transmit them to other offi- cers as may be necessary. He is responsible for their execution. {See Art. 366.) 3. He shall carry out all details of duty in connection with the organization, police, inspection, discipline, exercise, and efficient con- dition of the crew, and the cleanliness, good order, efficiency, and neat and trim appearance of the ship. 4. He shall keep himself constantly informed of the policy of the captain in regard to the official administration of all matters of duty, in order that he may carry out the captain's wishes. (See Art. 366). 5. So far as his power extends, he shall correct all abuses, prevent infractions of discipline, and suppress disorder. He shall report to the captain any one who may disobey or disregard any law, naval regulation, or order. SECTION 2. DUTIES. Art. 501. 1. The executive officer shall aid the captain in every way possible Fitting out. in performing the duties enumerated in Sec. 1, Chap. IX. 115 116 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 2. He shall be constant in his attendance on board both before and after commissioning, and shall make himself familiar with every part of the ship and with all her appurtenances. 3. He shall report to the captain any defects, or other matters of importance connected with the ship, that he may discover. Art. 502. Capacity of the He shall inform himself, so far as possible, of the physical capacity, crew - service, record, and experience of each man detailed for the crew, in order that he may station him to the best advantage. Should he have any doubt of a man's physical ability to perform the duty required of him, he shall report the fact to the captain. Art. 503. Organization. 1. He shall carry out, under the direction of the captain, the details of duty enumerated in Sec. 2, Chap. IX. 2. He shall prepare a berthing plan and have the berthing numbers put up before the crew goes on board, if possible. 8. He shall prepare the billets to be delivered to the members of the crew when they go on board. 4. He shall prepare the watch, quarter, station, fire, and boat billa as soon as possible, and have copies framed and hung in a conspicuous position. 5. He shall keep these bills corrected as changes occur during the cruise. 6. He shall require the junior line officers to keep correct watch, quarter, station, fire, and boat bills. 7. He shall cause a copy of the articles for the government of the United States Navy, the daily routine, and all police regulations and routine orders concerning the ship's company, to be exhibited in a conspicuous position. 8. He shall prepare, for the guidance of the officer of the deck, a routine book which shall contain the daily routine at sea and in port,, and such orders and instructions as may be necessary concerning the manner of performing the duties of the ship over which he has super- vision. This book shall be kept in a place where it is accessible to all. 9. He shall keep a morning order book, in which he shall enter the instructions for the officer of the deck during the morning watch. 10. He shall cause the pay officer to be informed whenever any changes are made in the number of men in a mess, in order that the proper allowances of food may be served out. Art. 504. To supervise the He shall see that the officers of the ship are vigilant in the perform- ? fperf0rm ~ ance of their duties; that they perform them in a uniform manner j. and that they conform strictly to all orders. THE EXECUTIVE OFFICER. 117 Art. 505. He shall direct the officer of the deck in all matters concerning the To direct the of- general duties of the ship. When the captain is not on deck, he may direct the officer of the deck how to proceed in time of danger or during an emergency; or he may assume charge of the deck himself, and shall do so should it in his judgment be necessary, but he shall at once report to the captain the fact and his reasons for so doing. Art. 506. He shall see that officers commanding divisions perform their duties Supervision over carefully, thoroughly, uniformly, and in accordance with these regu- ' lations; that they thoroughly inspect and keep in order the ordnance and boats under their charge; that they keep correct clothing lists and make out necessary requisitions; that the issue of clothing, small stores, and money is made by divisions, and that an officer in each division shall witness the issue to his division; that officers are careful in their inspections of their divisions, their clothing and bedding; and that they are present and personally instruct the junior officers and men at all exercises. He shall endeavor to inculcate a spirit of emu- lation among the officers in respect to the efficiency, drill, bearing, and behavior of the men under their command. Each division shall keep in order the part of the ship occupied by it. Art. 507. He shall, under the captain, exercise particular supervision over Supervision over ' . , . naval cadets. the instruction of naval cadets. Art. 508. In his administration of the police of the ship he shall give such Marines, orders to the marine officer as may be necessary. He shall satisfy himself that the sentries are properly placed and that they are atten- tentive to their duties. He shall endeavor to cultivate among the marines a feeling of pride in the strict performance of all their duties, and avoid, if possible, assigning to them any particular labor which shall be unsuitable to their military character. Art. 509. He shall take charge of the deck whenever all hands are called for TO take charge . .. , , .of the deck at all any particular duty, exercise, or evolution, and, unless otherwise hands, directed by the commanding officer, shall see that every officer of the ship fit for duty is at his station. Art. 510. He shall require the warrant officers, or the mates in charge, to Reports from war- runt o liiccrs. report twice daily, at 8 a. m. and 8 p. m., the condition of the ship and her appurtenances, so far as their respective departments are con- cerned. 118 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 511. To prevent un- He shall require all officers of the ship to exact a silent perform- necessary noise. ance of duty, and the avoidance of all unnecessary noise, confusion, and singing out. Art. 512. Evening inspec- He shall see that all dispositions ordered for safety at night, includ- ing the securing of storerooms, holds, orlops, water-tight doors, etc., that are closed for the night, are completed by 7:30 p. m., or before. Art. 513. inspection of He shall make frequent inspections of all the mess gear and stores mess gear and lockers. of the crew, and of all cooking utensils, galleys, chests, and lockers. Art. 514. inspection of the All parts of the ship shall be open to his inspection, and he shaM make such inspections as the captain may direct. Art. 515. To report condi- He shall report to the captain the condition of the ship at 8 p. m. tion of ship. Art. 516. Anchor watch. He shall detail a suitable anchor watch in accordance with the orders of the captain. Art. 517. Keeping watch. He shall not be required to keep a watch, but he may relieve the officer of deck for short periods as a matter of accommodation. Art. 518. The custodian of 1. He shall be the custodian of all of the keys of the ship, except ship s keys. those that are kept by the captain, and those of storerooms belonging to other departments than his own, and of receptacles for personal effects. 2. He shall keep in his possession ready for use duplicate keys, to all parts of the ship, but shall not permit them to be used without authority from the captain, except at times when he himself may be in temporary command. 3. Heads of departments shall have charge of the keys of their respective storerooms. 4. None of the ship's keys shall be taken out of the ship. Art. 519. Supervision over The executive officer shall be responsible for the cleanliness and do u b i e bottoms' good condition of all compartments and double bottoms, and of all the andTaKeg! door8 bulkheads, doors, valves, and pipes within them, excepting those specified as coming under the supervision of the chief engineer. He shall also be responsible for the cleanliness of the casings, and of the bulkheads around all machinery outside the engineer compartments, and all pipes (including the smoke pipes), hatches, ventilators, and bulkheads on the berth deck and upper decks, with such exceptions as may be directed by the commanding officer. THE EXECUTIVE OFFICER. 119 Art. 520. 1. He shull take stringent precautions to guard against accidents whenever the magazines or shell rooms are opened. (See Art. 385.) 2. He shall cause to be posted such sentries as may be necessary in order to guard against the danger of igniting any explosive or dangerous compound. 3. He shall be vigilant in the care of gun cotton, fulminate fuzes, and other compounds of like nature. (See Art. 385.) Art. 521. He shall at all times keep himself informed of the condition and Munitions of war on board. quantity of munitions of war on board. Art. 522. 1. At quarters he shall receive, and transmit as a whole to the cap- station and du- ,.,, . ~, . , e j ties at quarters. tain, the reports from officers m charge of divisions. 2. He shall make such disposition of officers and men as may be necessary in order to prepare for the inspections of the captain. Art. 523. When the ship is cleared for action and officers commanding divi- Clearing ship for sions have reported ready, he shall report to the captain. He shall then, if circumstances permit, inspect the ship and personally see that all proper and necessary dispositions for battle have been made and report the result of this inspection to the captain. Art. 524. 1. In battle he shall look after the general working of the arma- station in battle, ment and from time to time repair to any part of the ship where this duty may be performed to the best advantage. 2. If boarder's are called away he shall lead them. Leads the board- era. Art 525. He shall, after the battle, make out a detailed report comprising After the battle - all the noteworthy incidents that have come to his notice, including a statement of the conduct of his subordinates, with particular men- tion of individual instances deserving praise or censure. Art. 526. He shall superintend funeral preparations. Preparations for funerals. Art. 527. In case of fire, or of any occurrence that may place the ship in in time of danger, danger, he shall exert himself to maintain order, and should it be- come necessary to abandon the ship, he shall, under the direction of the captain, see that the sick and wounded are first cared for. 120 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 528. 1. He shall assign a line officer to each boat, who shall be respon- sible for her general condition, armament, equipment, and outfit, and for the proper instruction of her crew in their duties; and who shall, as a rule, command her when on special duty. 2. He shall assign provisions and other articles to boats when they* are sent on expeditions. 3. If a boat is sent away from the ship at sea, he shall see that she is provided with sails, spars, oars, bucket, water, provisions, compass, lantern, candles, matches, rifles and cartridges, and such other articles as the special occasion or duty demands. A moderate supply of pro- visions and water shall be kept in all boats at sea. 4. He shall, when at sea, keep the boats best adapted as lifeboats, one on each side, always ready for lowering. He shall see that in these boats are always kept life preservers, water, bread, a compass, and a lantern with a reserve supply of oil and means of ignition; that the detaching apparatus is in order and ready for use, the steering oar shipped, and such other dispositions made as will render these boats most effective and safe in a sea way and as lifeboats. 5. He shall have the boat sails kept in readiness for use. If it is at any time necessary to unbend and stow them below for preserva- tion, they shall be kept in bags, properly marked, with all their gear complete, so that they may be obtained without delay. Art. 529. He shall see that the life buoys are in order and constantly in readiness; that they are frequently tested by dropping, with a line attached for recovery; and that when at sea, or in a strong tide way, an efficient person is stationed by them. Art. 530. 1. He shall prepare a dress board on which will be indicated the uniform of the crew, and place it in a conspicuous position. 2. He shall require the crew to consult it, in order to avoid the noise and confusion incident to passing the word for a change of uniform. Art. 531. Before entering port, he shall see that the ship presents a neat ap- pearance in all respects, that the anchors are ready, the boats pre- pared for service, and all dispositions made for anchoring. Art. 532. Anchors, chains, He shall consider himself responsible for the condition of the rmg8 ' anchors, chains, and moorings of the ship. When moored, he shall keep himself informed of the condition of the hawse, and, with the sanction of the captain, have it cleared when necessary. Lifebuoy* Dress board. Entering port. THE EXECUTIVE OFFICER. 121 Art. 533. 1. He shall keep a report book with the columns headed in accord- Beport book, ance with the information required, and so placed that officers, desiring to make against any member of the crew a report not requiring immediate attention, can have access to it and enter the report therein. 2. Reports requiring immediate attention shall be made to the of- ficer of the deck, who shall at once refer them to the executive officer. Art. 534. He shall regulate the bumboats and all traffic alongside or on board, Bnmboats and and be watchful that no unauthorized articles for the crew, unwhole- some fruit or food, obscene literature or pictures, or other improper articles, are introduced on board. Art. 535. He shall, with the approval of the captain, regulate the prices that Ship's barber, .,,,.., , , , , ., . . tailor, and shoe- the barber, tailor, and shoemaker, and other men performing services ma ker. for the crew, shall be permitted to charge, bearing in mind that the charges should be moderate, as the men are already paid for their services. Art. 536. He shall require that no p*brts shall be opened at sea without the Air and gun captain's knowledge and consent; that they shall always be opened and closed by men specially appointed for that duty; that those on the lower decks shall be closed at sunset unless special authority is granted to keep them open; and that a report shall invariably be made to the officer of the deck when a port is opened or closed. Art. 537. He shall never permit either gun or air ports to be opened when there is any probability that the sea will enter to a dangerous extent. Art. 538. He shall, under the supervision of the captain, have charge of the Records concern- preparation and keeping of all of the books, records, and returns re- ing th ew * quired by the Bureau of Navigation concerning the crew. He shall be allowed a writer. Art. 539. He shall act as recruiting officer of the ship and enlist such men Becruiting offl- as may be required, subject to the provisions of these regulations. Art. 540. 1. He shall, under orders and special directions from the captain, Leare and lib- grant leave to officers junior to himself. 2. He shall require officers who obtain leave from him to report their return to him. 122 U. S. NAVY KEGULATIONS. 3. He shall be charged with the preparation of the lists of men to be granted liberty, and with the preparation of the monthly money lists, and shall be specially careful that the men are treated in these respects with the utmost fairness. Art. 541. Absenting him- The executive officer and the line officer next below him in rank self from the ship. , , , , ,. shall not be absent from the ship at the same time, except on duty, or by the express permission of the captain. SECTION 3. DUTIES AS EQUIPMENT OFFICER. Art. 542. The executive is The executive officer is the equipment officer of the ship, and shall the equipment offi- e .-. j :.. j . rr. -, , ,. ,, cer . perform the duties assigned to that officer and have charge of all stores and supplies pertaining to the Bureau of Equipment, except such stores as are by regulation exempted from the custody of gen- eral storekeepers on shore. He shall be allowed the services of an equipment yeoman. Art. 543. Whenflttingout. When fitting out, he shall carefully examine all equipment stores and supplies and report to the captain any defects that he may dis- cover. Art. 544.. invoices and re- 1. When a ship is commissioned, he shall be furnished with invoices of all stores and supplies placed in his charge, and shall receipt for the same. 2. If he finds any discrepancy, error, or omission in the invoices, he shall report it to the captain, who will have it rectified through a board of inspection before a receipt for the stores is given. Art. 545. Equipmentbooks i. He shall at once enter in the equipment books all receipts and expenditures of stores, and keep the accounts and render the returns prescribed in Chap. XXIX (Accounts and Returns). 2. Stores issued for the manufacture of articles shall be expended on the books, and the manufactured articles entered therein and duly accounted for. 3. The executive officer, under the captain, shall control the ex- penditure of all equipment stores. 4. He shall submit to the captain for his approval the weekly and monthly reports of receipts and expenditures of stores. (See Art. 417.) 5. At the end of the cruise he shall turn in the equipment books to the equipment officer of the yard where the ship is put out of com- mission. Art. 546. Requisitions. 1. All equipment supplies, except the regular outfit when the ship is commissioned, shall be procured on requisition. THE EXECUTIVE OFFICER. 123 2. The executive officer shall make out all requisitions for equip- ment supplies under his charge. Art. 547. 1. Whenever coal is delivered on board, in the case of a steamer, Coal - he shall enter it with the invoice price on the equipment books and immediately expend it as transferred to the engineer department. 2. "When transferring coal to the engineer department he shall furnish to the senior engineer an invoice of the same, stating amount and price. 3. When coal is received on board of a sailing ship for galley or other use, the executive officer shall keep an account of its expendi- ture in the same manner as of other equipment supplies. Art. 548. He shall see that all equipment supplies in his charge are properly Care of 8U PP lies - cared for, and take such measures as are necessary for their preserva- tion. Art. 549. He shall issue equipment supplies for use in other departments only issues of supplies. upon transfers approved by the captain. Art. 550. While serving as equipment officer he shall be held accountable for Accountability, the proper expenditure, transfer, or return into store of all equip- ment supplies for which he has receipted. Art. 551. Before entering port from a cruise, he shall prepare a list of equip- List of supplies ,. , , , ..... ' , , , . , required to be nub- ment supplies required and submit it to the captain on or before arrival, mitted to captain. Art. 552. 1. When a ship is about to be put out of commission, a survey on the equipment supplies shall be ordered by the commandant of the navy yard, or if not at a navy yard, by the senior officer present. 2. The executive officer shall not be detached at the end of a cruise, nor the equipment yeoman paid off or transferred, until the report of the survey on supplies has been made; and not then, unless it is satis- factory, without special directions from the Secretary of the Navy. SECTION 4. DUTIES AS CONSTRUCTION OFFICER. Art. 553. The executive officer is the construction officer of the ship, and The executive is shall perform the duties assigned to that officer. The carpenter, if C er. there be one attached to the ship, shall be the assistant to the execu- tive officer in this duty, and the equipment yeoman shall perform the clerical work connected with it. Final survey at end of cruise. 124 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 554. straction officer 11 " *' He shall have charge of all supplies and articles of outfit per- taining to the Bureau of Construction and Repair. 8. He shall, in connection with these supplies and articles, per- form all the duties in regard to examinations, invoices, receipts, accounts, issue, expenditure, preservation, care, survey, and prepara- tion of requisitions, reports, and returns prescribed above for equip- ment stores. "With the proper substitution of names, the rules for the performance of these duties will be found in Arts. 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, and 552. OHAPTEE XL THE NAVIGATOR AND THE ORDNANCE OFFICER. SECTION 1. THE NAVIGATOR. Art. 555. 1. The navigator is the officer detailed by the Department to per- Definition, form the navigation duties, and shall be the second line officer below the captain. 2. If detached, absent, disabled, placed in arrest, or suspended from duty, his duties devolve upon the line officer next below him in rank. Art. 556. He shall be responsible for the care and good order of the steering General duties, gear in general, and of the compartments occupied by the steering machinery, the interior of the conning tower and chart house, navi- gator's storerooms and office. Art. 557. When fitting out, he shall make a careful inspection of all parts of when fitting out the ship mentioned in Art. 556, and of everything connected with the navigation outfit. Should he discover any defects or deficiencies he shall immediately make a detailed written report to the captain. Art. 558. 1. "When under way, he shall report in writing to the captain the Position of the position of the ship at 8 a. m., at 12 m., and at 8 p. m., and at such other times as the captain may require. 2. He shall, at any time, take such observations or make such cal- culations concerning the position of the ship as the captain may re- quire. Art. 559. 1. When the ship is under way, and the weather permits, he shall Compasses. each day ascertain by observation the error of the standard and bin- nacle compasses, and report the result in writing to the captain. 2. He shall prepare and keep corrected a table of compass errors, which shall be so placed as to be accessible to the officer of the deck. 3. He shall obtain the local deviation of the compasses, and pre- pare the reports of the same in accordance with the instructions laid down in the prescribed forms, or issued from time to time. 125 126 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 4. All courses and bearings that are entered in the log, as well as bearings for computation, shall refer to the standard compass, and in case of bearings the ship's head " per standard compass " must be stated. 5. He shall not move the standard compass, or any of its attach- ments or compensating magnets, or appurtenances, from the position in which they were placed and secured when the ship was commis- sioned, unless authorized by the captain. 6. He shall frequently examine all the compasses of the ship and see that they are in good order and ready for use, and that the spare compasses are properly stored. Art. 560. Chronometers and i. He shall wind the chronometers daily and carry out such instruc- clocks. tions as may be given from time to time concerning their care, com- parison, and rating. The chronometer comparison book shall be forwarded to the Bureau of Equipment at the end of the cruise. Deck clock. 2. He shall have the care of the deck clock and regulate the ship's time. Art. 561. Lead lines and He shall frequently examine the lead lines and other sounding apparatu ea * '""* g ear > an( l a ^ apparatus used for determining the speed of the ship, and see that they are in order and correctly and properly marked. Art. 562. Duties whenap- 1. He shall, previous to entering pilot water, study the charts, sail- proaching shoals, . , . or in pilot water, ing directions, and other sources of information concerning the nav- igation of the ship therein, so that he may be prepared to give to the captain any information or assistance required concerning this duty. 2. He shall, when the ship is approaching land or shoals, or enter- ing port, give his careful attention to the course of the ship and the depth of water, and shall promptly report to the captain any sus- picion of approaching danger, and at once notify the officer of the deck. 3. In such an emergency he shall advise the officer of the deck as to the proper course to be steered. 4. The duties mentioned herein shall be performed whether there be a pilot on board or not. Art. 563. Corrections to be He shall keep corrected to date all the charts, sailing directions, uts,etc. jjgkt an( j beacon lists of the ship, in accordance with personal obser- vation and such other reliable information as he may from time to time be supplied with, or be able to obtain. Art. 564. Hydrographic When hydrographic surveys are made, he shall construct on a large scale the charts of the ground surveyed, to be forwarded to the De- partment. THE NAVIGATOR. 127 Art. 565. When determining the position of places whose latitude or longi- Latitude and tude, as laid down on charts or recorded in tables, is believed to be in n^weii surveyed. 8 error, he shall carefully note the particular spot at which the obser- vations were taken; describing it in such a manner that it may be plotted on a chart, and shall state the number and nature of the ob- servations and the manner in which they were taken. If he obtains the longitude by means of chronometers and meridian distances, he shall state the number of chronometers employed, their general character, the age of their rates, and the longitude he assumed as that of the place measured from. A copy of all data, as well as of the computations made, shall be forwarded by the captain to the Navy Department. Art. 566. He shall, so far as practicable with the means and appliances at . Tidal observa- his command, make tidal and current observations at all places visited where careful observations of this kind have not been recorded, and endeavor to ascertain the set and strength of the tides, the limits of their rise and fall, and the time of high water immediately following the periods of a new or full moon. Art. 567. He shall keep a book in which shall appear all original observa- Book for compu- tions and computations, made for the purpose of navigating the ship, or a copy thereof, with results and dates. This book shall be re- garded as an official record of his performance of his duties in the navigation of the ship, and shall be subject to examination by su- perior authority. At the end of the cruise it shall be forwarded by the captain to the Navy Department. Art. 568. 1. He shall have charge of the preparation and care of the ship's The log. log. 2. When the ship is commissioned, he shall begin the log by enter- ing and signing the remarks describing that part of the ceremony of going into commission which takes place previous to the setting of the watch. 3. He shall carefully examine the deck log, see that it is prepared in accordance with the instructions issued from time to time, and call the attention of the watch officers to any inaccuracies or omissions in their entries. He shall then have it accurately and neatly copied into the smooth log before morning quarters each day, and he shall 'have it placed before the watch officers- for signature. 4. He shall enter each day in the deck log the course and distance made good, the ship's position, ttie variation of the compass, the amounts of coal and water expended, and the quantity of each re- maining on hand at noon. 128 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. e uiment (exempt). Ship's library. 5. After the smooth log has been duly signed by the watch officers and himself, and before 1 p. m. daily, he shall submit it to the captain, who will approve and sign it at the end of each month and also when the book in use has been filled out. 6. The smooth log shall be forwarded to the Navy Department as soon as the book is filled out, and the deck logs shall be turned in to the equipment officer of the navy yard at the end of the cruise. 7. The navigator shall have the services of a writer. Art. 569. ob^rvltioisf lcal Tlie navigator shall carefully prepare all meteorological returns required, in accordance with instructions issued from time to time, and submit them to the captain for transmission. Art. 570. ^ e 8na H P erform tlie same duties in connection with the exami- nation, invoice, receipt, account, issue, expenditure, preservation, care, survey, and the preparation of requisitions, reports, and returns of equipment supplies exempted from the custody of general store- keepers on shore, as are performed by the equipment officer in con- nection with other equipment supplies. Art. 571. j jj e 8na u fc e responsible for the library books issued to the ship, and, if any which are not upon the invoice are needed, he shall make requisition for them. 2. He shall make a quarterly return in detail of the books expended, received, and on hand. 3. Books which are kept in the apartment of the flag officer shall be in charge of his secretary, and those in the apartment of the cap- tain shall be in charge of his clerk. The secretary or clerk, as the case may be, shall attend to the issue of such books for temporary use to officers and others, and shall be responsible for their care and preservation. They will report monthly to the navigator, in writing, any changes in the books on hand. Art. 572. Wh en a ship is about to be put out of commission, the navigator shall not be detached, nor the chief quartermaster be paid off or transferred, until the report of the survey on equipment supplies has been made; and not then, unless it is satisfactory so far as the supplies that have been in the navigator's custody are concerned, except by special direction of the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 573. The navigator shall inspect and overhaul the chain cables when- ever necessary, and see that they are properly marked and in good order. Chain cables. THE NAVIGATOR. 129 Art. 574. He shall, immediately before leaving port, and as soon as possible Draught of the after entering, carefully take the draft of water forward, amidships, and aft, and have it entered in the log. Art. 575. 1. He shall not be required to keep a watch unless the number of Keeping watch, commissioned line officers juniorto himself is reduced below four. 2. When the officer of the deck is required to take part in drills and exercises, the navigator shall take charge of the deck, unless another officer be designated for this duty by the captain. 3. He may relieve the officer of the deck at any time as a matter of accommodation. Art. 576. He shall be charged with the care, preservation, efficiency, and t^ 161 * *w* r *~ working of all electrical apparatus and its appurtenances in the ship, and with the cleanliness and good condition of the dynamo room and electrical workshops. Art. 577. When acting as executive officer during a temporary absence or when acting as executive officer. disability of the latter, he shall endeavor to have the work of the ship carried on in all respects as it would be if the executive officer were on duty. Art. 578. At quarters and in action he shall take charge of the deck and station at quar- . ters and duty ab a assist the captain as may be required. division officer. Art. 579. He shall not absent himself from the ship during the absence of Absenting him- the captain and executive officer, except upon urgent public duty, or Mlf from tbe Bbip> by the previous express permission of his superior. SECTION 2. THE ORDNANCE OFFICEB. Art. 580. The senior watch officer of each ship shall be the ordnance officer. Personality. Art. 581. He shall command the powder division. Divisional duties. Art. 582. He shall have charge of all material, stores, supplies and articles of General duties, outfit pertaining to the Bureau of Ordnance. Art. 583. He shall perform the same duties in connection with the exami- Duty in regard nation, invoice, receipt, account, issue, expenditure, preservation, care, survey, and the preparation of requisitions, reports, and returns, of ordnance stores and supplies, as are performed by the equipment officer in connection with equipment stores and supplies. 134489 130 IT. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 584. Duty in regard to He shall be held responsible for the efficiency of the armament, and of all appurtenances connected therewith, together with the clean- liness and good condition of the storerooms, magazines, shell rooms, and ordnance workshops. Art. 585. Torpedo officer. He shall be the torpedo officer of the ship, and shall be responsible for seeing that the torpedo outfit is*kept in order and ready for serv- ice. He shall carefully observe and carry out the directions laid down in the torpedo instructions. Art. 586. when fitting out. 1. When fitting out, he shall make a careful inspection of the bat- tery and its appurtenances, and of all arms, equipments, and other material belonging to the ordnance department; of the magazines and shell rooms, the passages, light boxes, flood cocks, outlet and over- flow pipes, hose, hoisting and transporting gear, and all other appur- tenances connected with the stowage, care, preservation, and service of the ammunition of the ship. 2. He shall, during his inspection, ascertain whether the magazines and shell rooms are dry and their linings tight; the means for flood- ing and draining efficient and in order; the arrangement for stowage complete and ample; the lenses clean, carefully set, and without frac- ture; the lighting apparatus in order, well ventilated, ample in power, and capable of burning at least four hours; and the means for sup- plying ammunition to the battery safe, efficient, and ample. 3. When the magazines and shell rooms are ready for the ammuni- tion and he is familiar with all their appurtenances, he shall report the fact to the executive officer. 4. Should he discover any defects or deficiences he shall immedi- ately make a detailed written report of the facts to the captain. Art. 587. inspections dur- During the cruise, he shall inspect the magazines and shell rooms and test all of the flood cocks once a week, reporting the result to the executive officer and causing it to be entered in the log. Art. 588. The gunner. ip ne gunner shall perform such clerical services- as the ordnance officer in the performance of his duties may require. Art. 589. Detachment at j. When a ship is about to be put out of commission, the ordnance the ead of a cruise. officer and the gunner shall not be detached until the report of the survey on ordnance stores has been made; and not then, unless it is satisfactory, except by special direction of the Navy Department. 2. If there is no gunner on board, then the chief gunner's mate shall not be paid off or transferred except under circumstances per- mitting the detachment of a gunner. OHAPTEE XII. OFFICERS OF THE DECK, AND OF GUN, TORPEDO, AND POWDER DIVISIONS. SECTION 1. OFFICES OF THE DECK. Art. 590. The officer of the deck is the officer on watch in charge of the ship. Definition. Art. 591. Every officer or other person in the ship, whatever may be his rank, Authority, who is subject to the orders of the captain, except the executive officer, shall be subordinate to the officer of the deck. Art. 592. The officer of the deck shall be responsible for the safety of the Besponsibiiity. ship, subject, however, to any special orders he may have received from the captain. Art. 593. 1. He shall, before taking charge, make himself thoroughly ac- General duties, quainted with the position of the ship with reference to vessels in Before taking sight, and to any land, shoals, or rocks that may be near; with the char s e - general condition of the weather, the course, speed, condition, and amount of sail set, all unexecuted orders, and the orders of the captain for the night; with the condition of the running lights, and any other appliances required by law to be in operation or at hand in order to prevent collisions; and with the condition of the force on deck avail- able for duty, and the general condition of the ship. 2. He shall, before taking charge, when the ship is in a squadron, if out of station, see that she is in her station; if out of her station, he will not take charge until he has reported the fact to the captain and received his orders. 3. He may, when at sea, decline to relieve the deck until there is a when he may watch up ready for duty. If the ship is in a perilous position he may the deck! also decline to relieve the deck until he has reported the fact to the captain and received his orders. 4. When at sea, and especially when approaching land or in pilot Keeping the ship waters, he shall keep himself informed of the position of the ship; outof danger - whether land or lights are in sight, or whether either are likely to be seen, and of all other particulars which may be of use to him in keep- ing the ship out of danger. If approaching land or shoals, he shall keep leadsmen in the chains, and have the anchors and chains clear and ready for use. 131 132 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. To remain on 5. He shall remain on deck in charge until regularly relieved, and deck and be atten- . J tire. shall not engage in any occupation which may distract his attention from duty. Care of the ship g. He shall see that the junior officers and the watch are at all times when under way. , alert, at their stations, attentive and ready for duty; that every neces- sary precaution is taken to prevent accidents; that a boat is always ready for lowering, and the life buoys ready for letting go; if in a ship with sails, that the spars, sails, and rigging are protected from the heat of the smoke pipe as much as possible; that the lookouts are in place, and vigilant, and that they understand their duties; that the sails are properly set, the yards trimmed, and everything ready for shortening sail, particularly during squally weather; and that the spars and rigging are not unduly strained. orthe 8h *\ aTlg * tlon 7. He shall exercise great care that the ship is skilfully steered and kept on her course, and shall keep a correct account of the courses, the speed, and leeway made. He shall see that the running lights are kept bright from sunset to sunrise and their condition reported every half hour; that during a fog, when approaching vessels, and at all other times, the precautions required by law t9 prevent collisions are fully complied with; that when in pilot waters the leads are kept going, or that other means to ascertain the soundings are at hand, and are frequently used; and that nothing is placed near the compasses that will change their error. To keep in eta- 8. When in company with other ships he shall be very careful to keep in station; if unable to do so, he shall report at once to the captain. TO consult the 9. When the captain is on the deck, the officer of the deck shall not deck. m >n change the course, make any different disposition of sails, alter the speed, or perform any important evolution without consulting him. Reports to be 10. He shall promptly report to the captain all land, shoals, rocks. made to the cap- ,. ,,, ,. , , tain. lighthouses, beacons, buoys, discolored water, vessels or wrecks dis- cbvered; all changes in the weather or shifts of wind; all signals made; all changes of sail, speed, or course by the senior officer pres- ent, or the ships in company; any change in course, speed, or disposi- tion of sails, made by himself; any marked change in the barometer, force of the wind, state of the sea, or marked indications of bad weather; the display of storm signals on shore; all serious accidents; the winding of the chronometers; the hours at 8 a. m., meridian, and 8 p. m.; when at sea, the latitude at meridian, if obtainable; the move- ments of men-of-war, mail steamers, and other large vessels; and in general all occurrences worthy of notice. changing the n. He shall not, unless to avoid immediate danger, change the course without directions from the captain, and then he will report the change to him as soon as possible. When on soundings, he shall regard advice from the navigator as sufficient authority to change the course, but he shall at once report the change to the captain. Precaution^ in 12. In time of war, or when hostilities may be expected, he shall not make any dispositions that will interfere with the immediate use OFFICER OF THE DECK. 133 of the armament. If at any time he sights a suspicious ship or other object that may, by any possibility, have a hostile purpose, he shall instantly make preparations for battle, informing the captain at once. 18. He shall not make any official signal, either by day or by night, signal* without authority from the captain, except to warn ships of immediate danger. He shall see that a good lookout is kept for signals; that none are answered until understood; and that the authorized appli- ances for making signals of all kinds are at hand and ready for use, by night as well as by day. 14. When there is danger of a collision he shall sound the signal Closing water- , , . A , tight doors. for closing the water-tight doors at once. 15. At sea he shall always cause the watch to be mustered as soon Mustering the as the former watch is relieved, and as frequently thereafter as may w be necessary in order to keep all present alert and ready for duty. 16. He shall require the coxswains of both lifeboats to report to Lifeboats, him at sunset, of each day, the condition of the boats and crews, in respect to readiness for service; and he shall require the coxswain of the lifeboat's crew of th6 watch to make the same report at the be- ginning of each watch. 17. He shall see that the corporal of the guard, or other person inspection! dor- detailed for the purpose, makes the rounds of the ship, visiting all ac- cessible parts below the spar deck every half hour after 10 p. m. and until all hands or the idlers are called in the morning. During these " rounds the corporal is to inspect the lights and the prisoners and see if irregularities of any kind are taking place, reporting the result to the officer of the deck. The latter shall also require a junior officer of the watch, if there is one, to make these rounds every two hours, or oftener if necessary, when his services on deck can be dispensed with for the time being. Art. 594. The officer of the deck shall carry out the instructions laid down The routine, in the routine book, the weather and other circumstances permitting, modifying them as may be necessary to comply with the orders of the captain and executive officer. Art. 595. At sea he shall carry a trumpet, and in port wear a sword belt and Distinguishing gloves, and carry a spyglass or binocular. marks. Art. 596. 1. He shall keep himself informed concerning all boats that come Boats, alongside of, or depart from, the ship. 2. When boats, tenders, or lighters come alongside with stores, he shall have them cleared, and at the same time exercise due dili- gence to see that no prohibited articles are introduced on board. 3. He shall take care that all articles which are to be sent away from the ship are hoisted out, and stowed in the boats or vessels that are to receive them, in such a manner as to prevent injury. 134 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 4. When the boats of the ship are manned, he shall inspect them and see that they are in good order, that they have their regular crews, and that the latter are suitably clothed in the uniform for the day. 5. He shall report to the executive officer any contemplated move- ments of the ship's boats of which the latter is presumably not cognizant. Art. 597. ^stores and sup- i. When stores or supplies for the ship come alongside, he shall report the fact to the executive officer and notify the officer to whose charge they belong. 2. He shall enter in the log an accurate statement of all stores or supplies received on board during his watch, specifying their char- acter and quantity. Art. 598. Etiquette of the 1. He shall see that all officials who come on board or leave the side ship receive the side honors to which they are entitled. 2. He shall see that all persons coming alongside or visiting the ship are courteously treated. 8. Unless prevented by urgent duty, he shall be at the gangway to receive, and shall accompany to the side, all commissioned officers or distinguished visitors. When so prevented, he shall send a junior officer of the watch to represent him. Art. 599. Hatch tarpaulins. He shall not, without permission from superior authority, permit the hatch tarpaulins to be used for any purpose except covering the hatches. Art. 600. Peta. He shall not,'without permission from superior authority, permit birds or animals to be brought on board to be kept as pets. Art. 601. when washing When washing decks and the temperature permits, he shall require the crew to take off their shoes or boots and stockings, except those who are excused upon recommendation of the medical officer. Art. 602. Turning over the Whenever it may be necessary to turn over the engines by steam " 11 n<>t when the ship is not under way, the officer of the deck shall first ob- tain permission to do so from the commanding officer, and shall station a junior officer of the watch or other competent person at the engine room bell to give the necessary signals, taking every pre- caution against accident. Art. 603. When in danger When at anchor in a strong tideway or with a strong wind blowing, he shall keep a drift lead over the side and, if possible, observe a range on shore, and take all other precautions necessary to ascertain at once if the ship drags. OFFICER OF THE DECK. 135 Art. 604. 1. He shall see that, when a boat is sent to board the ship of the Boarding books, senior officer, a notebook is carried in which verbal orders received must be immediately entered. 2. The information derived from merchant vessels boarded shall be recorded permanently in a book kept for the purpose. Art. 605. 1. He shall see that the keepers of the boats riding at the booms and Boatkwpew. astern unship the ensigns, except on prescribed occasions, that they lay in the oars, are generally attentive, and do not lounge about or leave their boats. 2. He shall see that the boatkeepers give the proper salutes as here- inbefore laid down. Art. 606. So far as his authority extends, he shall see that the regulations S*'" t0 ?' J? onor8 and distinctions. concerning salutes, honors, and distinctions are carefully observed. Art. 607. 1. He shall require all persons over whom he has authority to re- Leaving and re- turning to the ship, port to him or his representative upon leaving the ship, stating that they have permission to do so; and also to report their return on board. 2. The absence from the gangway of an officer of the watch at the time of the departure or return of any officer, is not to be construed by the latter as a sufficient reason for omitting this report. 3. The officer of the deck shall report to the executive the departure and return of all officers senior to the executive. Art. 608. 1. In addition to the entries in the logbook required by the estab- The log. lished forms, and by special instructions, he shall see that every cir- cumstance of importance or interest occurring during his watch is noted in the deck log. Upon being relieved, he shall sign his name at the conclusion of his remarks. 2. He shall exercise particular care that the meteorological obser- vations are carefully taken and entered in the deck log, in accordance with instructions, and that the signs of approaching bad weather are noted and recorded. 8. He shall enter the following particulars in the deck log: I. The name and rank, or rating, of all persons who may join or be detached from the ship; all transfers, discharges, deaths, and deser- tions; the names of all persons made prisoners by an enemy, and of all absent without leave; the names of all passengers, with times of coming aboard and leaving; the direction of the wind, state of the weather, courses steered, and distances sailed; the time when any particular evolution, exercise, or any other service was performed; the signal number or other record of all signals made, the time when, 136 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. and by what ships, and to what ships, they were made; the nature and extent of all punishments inflicted, with the name of the offender and his offense; all ratings and disratings; the sighting of all vessels, land, light houses, and light ships, and of all dangers to navigation. II. Any accident to the ship, including all cases of grounding, and the loss 01 injury of boats, spars, sails, rigging, and stores, with all the attendant circumstances and the extent of the injury. III. An itemized statement of all stores received, of the source from which, and the department for which, they have been received, and the amount and character of all public moneys received on board. IV. An account of all stores condemned, or converted to any purpose other than that for which they were intended. V. An account of all stores loaned or otherwise sent out of the ship, and the authority therefor. VI. The marks and numbers of each package which, on being opened, is found to contain less than is specified by the invoice, with a statement of the deficiency. VII. All alterations made in the allowance of provisions, with the authority therefor. VIII. A mention of the employment of any hired vessel, with a statement of her tonnage, the name of her master or owner, the number of her crew, for what purpose she is employed, and the authority therefor. IX. Every occasion upon which fires in the furnaces are lighted, banked or hauled, with the hour of each change and its object. If the engines are in operation, the average revolutions made per min- ute and the average pressure of steam. X. The reading of all draft marks before leaving and after enter- ing a port. Art. 609. Examinations and When at sea he shall require reports. j rp^g Boatswain, during the morning watch, to examine the con- dition of the rigging, and report the result. II. The carpenter, at the same time, to make a similar examina- tion and report concerning the spars. III. The sailmaker, a similar examination and report concerning the sails. IV. The carpenter, or one of his mates, to sound the well in each compartment, and examine all ports that should be barred, reporting the result at least twice during each watch. When water ballast is admitted, the carpenter himself shall examine the state of the water and report at 8 a. m. and 8 p. in. V. The gunner, or one of his mates, to examine the guns and see if they are properly secured, reporting the result at least twice dur- ing each watch. . OFFICERS OF DIVISIONS. 137 Art. 610. 1. He shall see that a lookout is kept on the ship's boats that are in Ship's boats under sight and under sail, and shall have means of rescue at hand in case of accident. 2. He shall direct the junior officers, or coxswains in charge of boats, to use sails when it can be done with propriety and without loss of time. Art. 611. He shall carefully and patiently instruct the junior officers and To instruct junior crew in their respective duties, pointing out any mistakes made and of how they may be avoided. Art. 612. 1. He must bear in mind that his manner of performing duty has a Manner of per- great influence upon the discipline of the crew and the efficiency of the ship; that he should be dignified, discreet, zealous, energetic, and subordinate, displaying a feeling of deference to superiors and a spirit of kindness to inferiors. He shall himself scrupulously obey all orders and regulations and require the same of his subordinates. He shall avoid the use of harsh language, and, while never permitting any duty to be performed in a careless, indifferent, or dilatory manner, he shall protect the crew from all unnecessary annoyances. 2. He shall, when giving orders, use only the phraseology custom- ary in the service, without any unnecessary repetition; he shall use a decided and authoritative tone, sufficiently loud only for the occasion. He shall, when giving orders that are to be repeated or passed, use the exact words proper to pass them, and not permit any changes or addi- tions by his subordinates. The crew must be taught to obey a simple and plain order, thereby avoiding much noise, confusion, repetition, and unseamanlike singing out. SECTION 2. OFFICERS OF GUN, TORPEDO, AND POWDER DIVISIONS. Art. 613. Officers of gun, torpedo, and powder divisions shall keep them- TO keep them- selves fully informed of all regulations, instructions, and technical e d ^concern !nge details concerning the care, preservation, and manipulation of the armament - armament of the ship and its appurtenances, and the training of enlisted men. Art. 614. As the personal instructors of junior officers and the crew, it is ^uty *> instruc- important that they should be fully conversant with all the duties that the personnel of a ship-of-war may be called upon to perform. Art. 615. They shall, so far as applicable to them, observe the requirements Duties m refer- of Arts. 251, 370, 371, and 506. ***?" and 138 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 616. Fighting effl- They shall endeavor to bring the divisions under their command to ciency of division* the high est possible state of fighting efficiency. Art. 617. instructions, acci- 1. They shall, during exercise, follow the directions laid down in Dion over gun^and the official instructions and take the necessary precautions to prevent accidents. 2. They shall see that the men of their divisions keep the guns, arms, and all their appurtenances clean and in order, in accordance with the prescribed duties of each. Art. 618. The fire bill. They shall make themselves thoroughly conversant with the fire bill and carefully carry out its requirements. Art. 619. The officer com- 1. The officer commanding the powder division shall during quar- mancling the pow- . ., . . . /_, , . - der division. ters, when there is no line officer his senior present, have charge of the berth deck and all below it, in all matters requiring the exercise of military command. Should a fire occur during action within the limits of his command, he shall take charge of all hose and other means at hand for extinguishing it, and close the magazines and shell rooms, unless the fire is remote from them and the urgency for a supply of ammunition great. He must be prepared to close instantly such water-tight doors, valves, and gates as will tend to check the spread- ing of fire or to keep the ship afloat should her hull be pierced. 2. He shall bear in mind that he occupies a most responsible position; and that, while he should in times of emergency make to the captain all reports possible, the safety of the ship may depend upon his acting immediately, before any instructions can reach him. Art. 620. Requisitions by i. The division officer shall, at such times each month as may be division officers. , , . . ... . designated in the routine book, prepare the regular requisitions for clothing, small stores, or other articles required by the men of his division. 2. He shall, at any time, make out a special requisition for cloth- ing that is absolutely necessary to preserve the health of any member of the division under his command. 8. Blanks for these requisitions shall be supplied by the pay officer. 4. These requisitions shall be made out in ink, the value of the articles being entered in the proper column, and all columns not required for use shall have a red ink line ruled through them. Art. 621. To witness the A division officer shall be present at and witness the issue of all issue of all cloth- ing, stores, and clothing, small stores, and money to the members of his division, and attest the same by affixing his signature to the certificate of delivery. OFFICEES OF DIVISIONS. Art. 622. Division officers shall make quarterly, to the captain, a conduct Conduct re P rt - report of the men of their divisions in accordance with the prescribed forms. Art. 623. 1. They shall make quarterly, to the captain, a written report con- Duty in regard to , ... , ., . ' , . ,. . . , rating and con- taining the names of apprentices and others in their divisions whom, duct on account of good conduct, zeal, and ability displayed in the dis- charge of duty, they deem worthy of advancement in rating or conduct class; or whom, on account of bad conduct either on board or on shore, or from a want of zeal or ability displayed, they deem unworthy of the rating held or of the indulgences granted. 2. They shall encourage and endeavor to assist those who are speci- ally desirous of improving themselves in knowledge, or of advancing in rating or conduct class. Art. 624. 1. They shall, in addition to carrying out the instructions already inspections. laid down for inspections, take special care that all outer and under clothing, peajackets, caps, hats, and bedding of the men are, in re- spect to quality, pattern, and color, in accordance with the prescribed uniform. 2. They shall see that all materials drawn are used for the purpose required; that all clothing is neatly made, marked, and kept in order, and that none of it is sold; that the men are neat in person and cloth- ing, and provided with regulation knives and laniards; and that under- clothing is worn at all times unless dispensed with by order of the captain. All work done by the ship's tailor shall be submitted to the division officer for inspection and approval before it is accepted. SECTION 3. GENERAL DUTIES OF OFFICERS OF THE WATCH AND OF GUN, TORPEDO, AND POWDER DIVISIONS. Art 625. Watch and division officers shall punctually and zealously execute General duties of all orders received from the captain, executive officer, and other officers? 11 superior set over them; see that their subordinates on board perform with diligence the duties assigned them; be attentive to the conduct of the ship's company; check all profane, abusive, obscene, and improper language; suppress any unseemly noise, confusion, or dis- turbance; and report to the executive officer those who are guilty of any infraction of the laws, regulations, or orders by which they are governed. Art. 626. They shall, in the performance of their duty, conform to the manner Manner of per- adopted and prescribed by the executive officer. 140 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 627. TO keep copies of They shall keep a book containing a correct copy of the watch, orders! ' quarter, station, fire, and boat bills, of all internal orders, of the routine book, and of other written instructions concerning the duty of the ship. Art. 628. To take their sta- They shall at once repair to their stations whenever the call for all tions at all hands. , -, . ,, . ,. , j hands is sounded, unless otherwise directed. Art. 629. Supervision over They shall exercise such supervision over the cleanliness and good battery. f 8hlp "^ condition of the parts of thje ship occupied by their divisions, the bat- tery, ordnance, equipments, and boats assigned to them, as may be directed by the executive officer. They shall immediately report to the executive officer any repairs or extra cleaning which may be necessary. Art. 630. information they They shall at all times keep themselves thoroughly familiar with ,{JoLess? qU the instructions for keeping the log, and with the regulations for preventing collisions at sea. OHAPTEE XIII. JUNIOR OFFICERS OF THE LINE. Art. 631. The junior officers of the line are defined as being those of a rank Definition, below that of lieutenant of the junior grade, not assigned to regular duty as watch and division officers. Art. 632. They shall, when attached to a cruising ship, keep on hand a com- to m n j . atta( *. ed paring watch, an approved treatise on navigation, one on marine sur- veying, one on seamanship, one on the marine steam engine, copies of the approved Ordnance Instructions, Infantry and Artillery In- structions, and Navy Regulations, also blank books for journals and navigation note-books. It shall be considered commendable if they acquire and make use of other professional books. Art 633. 1. They shall perform such duty as may be assigned them. Duty. 2. An ensign shall not be required to perform the duties of a clerk more than six out of twelve successive months. 3. Ensigns and naval cadets shall conform to the requirements of Art. 627, and shall submit to the executive officer the books referred to therein for inspection on the last day of each month. 4. Naval cadets shall, in addition, keep a journal and navigation note-book in accordance with Art. 493, par. 6. Art 634. Ensigns and naval cadets shall perform such navigation duties as Navigation may be assigned them, and they shall make every effort to become skilled practical navigators. Art 635. Should an ensign be assigned permanently to duty as a watch and Watch duty for division officer, he shall mess in the wardroom and be assigned " quarters as a wardroom officer. Art. 636. Naval cadets shall not be granted leave to go on shore unless they i^aro. shall have satisfactorily performed all duties required of them. 141 CHAPTER XIY. MEDICAL OFFICERS. SECTION 1. THE SENIOR MEDICAL OFFICES. Art. 637. When fitting out, and as soon as possible after reporting for duty, 'When fitting out. the senior medical officer shall examine the sick-bay, dispensary, medical storeroom, and other accommodations for the sick and wounded. Should he discover any defects or deficiencies in these accommodations he shall make a detailed written report of the facts to the captain. Art. 638. As soon as practicable after going into commission, he shall ex- To examine the amine the crew in order to compare the descriptive lists and ascertain crew> if all of the members are physically qualified to perform the duties which will probably be required of them. If any are found dis- qualified he shall, with the approval of the captain, request that a survey be held upon them. Art. 639. During the examination required in Art. 641 he shall make a list Vaccination. of all who seem to require vaccination, which shall be performed as soon as the duties of the ship will permit, and repeated in case of failure until there is a reasonable assurance that the person is pro- tected. The time to vaccinate, and the number to be vaccinated at any one time, shall be decided by the captain upon recommenda- tion of the senior medical officer. All members of the crew received on board from time to time during the cruise, who are not known to be protected, shall be vaccinated as speedily as possible. Art. 640. He shall take charge of the sick-bay, bath room and water closets To take charge for the sick, the dispensary, and the medical storeroom, and see that they are kept dry, clean, sufficiently warm, and in good order; and that they are prepared for inspection at the same time as the other parts of the ship. Art. 641. 1. He shall, in addition to bestowing the most careful professional Attention paid to treatment possible upon the patients under his care, be attentive to their comfort and the cleanliness of their clothing, bedding and persons. 143 144 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 2. He shall take care that the attendants of the sick understand when it is necessary to summon the aid of a medical officer. Art. 642. Professional in difficult cases, he shall consult with the junior medical officers treatment of the __ Hick. of the ship, or other medical officers of the Navy present, concerning the professional treatment of the patients. Art. 643. Daily report of He shall report to the captain daily by 10 a. m., in writing, the names and condition of the sick. Art. 644. Binnacle list. He shall prepare a binnacle list containing the names of those he recommends to be excused from duty, either wholly or in part, and submit it to the captain daily before 9.30 a. m. Additions and changes during the day shall be made when necessary. Art. 645. Contagious or in- He shall report to the captain immediately upon becoming aware tious diseases. f rom an y contagious or infectious disease, or of its appear- ance amongst the personnel of the ship. He shall, subject to the di- rection of the captain, use every means in his power to prevent the introduction of such a disease on board, or, if existing on board, to pre- vent it from spreading. Art. 646. Health of the He shall keep himself informed of the health of the port in which the ship is moored, and immediately report to the captain any facts that may influence the sanitary condition of the personnel of the ship. Art. 647. Suggestion*. Whenever he deems it necessary, it shall be his duty to make to the captain written suggestions or reports concerning the sanitary condition of the personnel of the ship, the prevention or checking of disease, and the care and comfort of the sick and wounded. (See Art. 351, par. 6.) Art. 648. Precautions. He shall carefully observe the general appearance of the personnel of the ship, and should he suspect the presence of disease in any per- son he shall report the fact to the captain and make such recom- mendations as he may deem proper. Art. 649. Malingering. Whenever he or any of his assistants discover that any person has wilfully produced, concealed, aggravated, or feigned any disease, he shall report the fact to the commanding officer, and enter it upon the report book of the ship, if so directed. MEDICAL OFFICERS. 145 Art. 650. He shall, when directed, examine any of the crew to ascertain if Concealed di- they have concealed diseases requiring treatment. This duty may eases - be delegated to junior medical officers only. Art. 651. When attendants for the sick, in addition to the regular established Additional at- complement, are necessary, he shall report the fact to the captain, sick. representing the degree of necessity existing; and the extent of additional service required. Art. 652. He shall at all times have in readiness everything necessary for TO be ready for the relief of the wounded. Art. 653. He shall, at general and special exercises, when directed, distribute Tourniquets, a sufficient number of tourniquets for all requirements, and instruct officers and men how to use them. Art. 654. As soon as possible after a battle he shall make out careful dupli- Beports of killed cate reports of the killed and wounded, sending one copy to the cap- and wounded - tain, and the other through him to the surgeon of the fleet. Art. 655. Whenever any person on board receives a wound or injury which Persons entitled may entitle him to a pension, he shall report the same in writing to the captain before the person is removed or discharged. Art. 656. He shall not give an unofficial certificate of ill health or of inability Unofficial certifi- to perform any duty. ** of m health - Art. 657. He shall, when required, inspect the provisions of the crew and re- To inspect the port any that are unsound or liable to cause illness. (See Art. 371, cre^ 18 ' 0118 f r * he par. 5.) Art. 658. He shall report to the captain any want of care or cleanliness in Preparation of the preparation of food for the crew, or any instance that may come food ' to his knowledge of neglect in regard to it which may be injurious to health. Art. 659. He shall have the food for the sick frequently inspected by a med- Food for the rick. ical officer, and shall report if it is not prepared properly or in accordance with his directions. 13448 10 146 U. S. NAVY BEGULATIONS. Art. 660. Testing water. "Whenever a supply of water is obtained from shore, either for drinking or cooking, and before it is taken on board, he shall institute as complete an analysis of it as possible with the means at hand, and report at once if any doubt exists as to its purity. All such analyses shall be recorded in the medical journal. Art. 661. TO examine food He shall, whenever necessary, examine the contents of boats attend- and drink offered . for sale. ing the ship with articles of food or drink for sale, and report if the articles are, in his opinion, suitable to be consumed as food or drink. (See Art. 371, par. 5.) Art. 662. To inspect ceils He shall make inspections of the cells and other places of conflne- and prisoners. inent, as well as of the prisoners, and report the result to the captain. Art. 663. Medical survey. Whenever in his opinion any person on board becomes unfit for further duty on account of ill health, and should be transferred to a hospital or other place for treatment, he shall submit a request for a medical survey. Art. 664. Transfer of a 1. A patient, when transferred to a hospital, shall, if practicable, be patient. ,. , accompanied by a medical officer. 2. A patient, when transferred from the care of a medical officer of the Navy to that of any other person, shall be accompanied by a hospital ticket containing a complete record of the case as recorded in the medical journal. If transferred to the care of a medical officer, this statement shall be recorded in his medical journal or affixed to the case-paper. Art. 665. Patients in other i. When a patient is transferred to any other than a U. S. naval hospital's. ' aospital, the date of transfer shall be noted in the medical journal, and the case continued therein until the patient returns to duty; or until the ship leaves port, if the patient is left behind. 2. On the departure of the ship, if in a foreign port, the senior medical officer shall forward, through the captain, to the consul a re- cord of the cases of all patients referred to in par. 1, who are left behind. The record in each instance shall state that it is to aecom- pany the patient, if sent to the United States, or to be forwarded to the captain of the next ship arriving in the port. 8. Upon the arrival of a ship in a foreign port, her medical officer shall take charge of all cases referred to in par. 2, and continue their record in his medical journal as laid down in par. 1. 4. When practicable, he shall frequently visit these patients in order to continue a correct journal record. He shall interest himself in MEDICAL OFFICERS. 147 their welfare, report their progress to the captain, and suggest any measures that he may consider necessary for their benefit. 5. The hospital expenses of such patients shall be paid from the proper appropriation under the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. When patients return to a ship, the items of expense incurred on their account shall be included in the expenses noted on the quarterly re- port of sick. 6. When such patients are transferred or received, a report of the fact shall be made to the surgeon of the fleet of the station, and, if in a port of the United States, to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. Art. 666. 1. He shall prepare duplicate certificates of death and forwar r1 , Certificates of them, through the captain, to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, and shall furnish a copy to the surgeon of the fleet. (See Art. 351, par. 5.) 2. The statement as to origin of disease or disability causing death shall always be noted therein, with reasons for the opinion expressed as to whether or not it was incurred in line of duty. Art. 667. 1. He shall keep a medical journal. It shall be subject at any Medical journal, time to the inspection of the captain and the surgeon of the fleet. 2. He shall, upon the completion of a medical journal, forward it with the next quarterly reports to the Bureau of Medicine and Sur- gery. Art. 668. He, and all other medical officers of the ship, shall forward all offi- Transmitting offi- cial reports, communications, and returns, whatever their destination, through the captain. Art. 669. 1. When a ship is commissioned, he shall be furnished with tripli- invoices and re- cate invoices of all articles in her medical outfit; they shall be duly stores and supplies, signed by the director of the naval laboratory and approved by the commandant. 2. When delivered to him, he shall take charge of all articles of the medical outfit that are duly invoiced and, when satisfied that they correspond in character and amount to the specifications of the in- voices, he shall receipt for them. These invoices and receipts must be approved by the captain, after which the medical officer will retain the original, forwarding the duplicate to the director of the laboratory and triplicate to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery,, 8. Medical stores transferred from the naval laboratory to a ship, after the invoices of her regular outfit have been signed and disposed of, shall be invoiced and receipted for in like manner. 148 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 4. When medical stores are transferred from a store ship, storehouse, or depot to a ship, the invoices and receipts must be made in triplicate, approved by the senior officer, and disposed of in the same manner as though at a navy yard. 5. When medical stores are transferred from one ship in commission to another, the invoices and receipts shall be made in duplicate and approved by the senior officer. The officer transferring and the offi- cer receiving the stores shall each sign both copies, the latter retaining the original and the former the duplicate. 6. If the senior medical officer finds any discrepancy, error, or omis- sion in the invoices of stores he shall report it to the captain, who shall have the invoices corrected before they are receipted. 7. All invoices of medical stores shall be kept on file for future reference, and, when the ship goes out of commission, shall be trans- ferred to the medical officer of the navy yard with the medical outfit and its inventory. Art. 670. Requisitions for 1. On the 1st of April and October the senior medical officer shall make requisitions on the prescribed form for such medical stores and supplies as may be needed for the ensuing six months. The quanti- ties of medicine required shall correspond in amount to the packages mentioned in the supply table, and the column " On hand " shall al- ways be filled opposite the articles required for. Blank spaces shall be cancelled with red ink. Ships on detached 3. When serving in a ship not attached to a squadron, and without the United States, he shall make semi-annual requisitions for medical stores on the pay officer of the ship. Special requisi- 3. Special requisitions for indispensable articles not in the supply table, or for articles that are in the supply table that will be needed before the time for the semi-annual requisition, may be made at any time. Art. 671. Medical utores and 1. The allowances in the supply table are intended as the basis of supplies for a ship when fitting out for a cruise. Needful additions may subsequently be made from time to time by requisitions, but it is not necessary or expected that these additions shall bring the amount of supplies on hand fully up to that given in the supply table. Not to be pur- 2. Timely requisitions for stores and supplies must be made to cover ordinary expenditures; but they shall not be filled by purchase, if it can be avoided. stores from other g. When any of the stores and supplies on board, in charge of other officers, are necessary for the sick, they may be obtained upon requi- sition duly approved by the captain. A receipt for them shall be given. MEDICAL OFFICERS. 149 Art. 672. Washing, and extra provisions and groceries for the sick, shall be Washing and ex- tra provisions. obtained by open purchase on duly approved requisitions. Art. 673. Surgical instruments and appliances shall not be replaced by others, Surgical instru- unless condemned by a board of survey; and all that are condemned shall be turned in at a navy yard. Art. 674. The senior medical officer shall see that only medical stores and Medical store- supplies, and spirits and wines that are the property of the Govern- r ment, are kept in the medical storeroom. He shall retain the key himself, subject to the provisions of Art. 518, and never permit it to pass into the custody of an enlisted man without permission of the captain. The storeroom shall not be opened, except in the presence of an officer, unless in an emergency. Art. 675. He shall not permit any spirits, wines, or malt liquors, the property The custody of of the Government and under his charge, to be placed in the posses- man^iquo'nT' and sion of any enlisted or appointed man, except in small quantities for immediate consumption by patients. Art. 676. In the event of discovering any loss or destruction of medical stores, loss of medical surgical instruments, or furniture, he shall report the fact immediately stores ' to the captain. Art. 677. When the ship goes out of commission, he shall carefully pack all Medical outfit medical supplies, including books and blank forms, and transfer them c'omnufsloif to the senior medical officer of the navy yard. They shall be accom- panied by an accurate inventory in triplicate, made out in the order of the supply table, stating the quantity and condition of the articles. The inventory shall be signed by the senior medical officer and the captain. Art. 678. 1. When stores and supplies are transferred from the charge of one Transferor stores, medical officer to another, triplicate receipts must be passed. 2. Whenever a medical officer is relieved from duty, he shall trans- fer to his successor all public property in his charge. Art. 679. 1. In all cases, unless otherwise directed, he shall procure a bill of Bill of health, health before leaving port. 2. Upon arrival of the ship in port he shall be prepared to receive the health officer and exhibit to him the bill of health; also to answer any questions that may be asked concerning the sanitary condition of the ship. 150 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 680. Meteorological 1. He shall make entries in the medical journal of thermometric observations. ,, .. , .. ., ,.. and hygrometric observations taken daily at 9 a. m., and of observa- tions for determining carbonic acid impurities in the air of the berth deck taken weekly at 10 p. m., and occasionally at other hours, especially when abnormal conditions exist. 2. In order that these observations may be of value the following precautions are necessary: 1. That the readings of the wet and dry bulb thermometers are accurate. II. That water is always supplied to the wet bulb thermometer, and that the cotton siphon is frequently renewed. 3. When steam is used for warming the ship, a note to that effect shall be made. 4. A note shall be made of any peculiar conditions, local or general, tending to modify the state of the atmosphere; the object of these entries being to determine the relation between the atmospheric and sanitary condition of ships. Art. 681. Reports of epi- During the prevalence of epidemic or contagious diseases on for- ious'diseases? 11 B eign stations, especially in ports of the Gulf of Mexico, the West Indies, and South Atlantic station, the senior medical officer shal) forward to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery all reliable informa tion relating thereto that he may be able to procure. Art. 682. Sanitary report. On the 1st of January of each year and at the end of the cruise, he shall make to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery a sanitary report, which shall include a report of the sanitary condition of the ship and station, accounts of epidemics, recommendations or cautions that may be of service to other ships visiting the ports, information of the health of the personnel of ships on the station, and any facts not gener- ally known of professional interest concerning ports visited. Art. 683. station and duty In battle he shall have charge of the sick and wounded and shall be stationed at a place designated by the captain. Art. 684. station and duty 1- He shall be stationed in the sick bay at quarters, at quarters. 2. He shall take charge of the surgeon's division and the sick, re- quire their presence at the sick bay if able to come, and make the usual report as to absentees. Art. 685. Surgeon's dlvi- 1. The surgeon's division shall consist of all junior medical officers 8ion - of the ship, the apothecary, and baymen. 2. For the issue of money, small stores, and clothing, the enlisted men of his division shall form part of the powder division. MEDICAL OFFICEES. 151 Art. 686. He shall cause to be entered upon the report book the names of any . A * e ? r * f J breaches of disci- subordinates of the surgeon's division, or of the sick or their attend- piine to be made, ants, who may be guilty of any breaches of discipline. SECTION 2. JUNIOR MEDICAL OFFICERS. Art. 687. In the absence, or during the disability, of the senior medical officer, l . A ^ sen ^ e , or d . is " ' ability of the senior the medical officer next m rank on board shall perform his duties. medical officer. Art. 688. 1. Junior medical officers shall at all times conform to the direc- . General duty of junior medical of- tions of the senior medical officer in regard to the professional treat- fleers. ment, care, and comfort of the sick and wounded. 2. They shall be unremitting in their attention to the sick and wounded, and shall exact from those under their direction a rigid performance of their duties. 3. They shall personally see that the medicines are properly weighed, measured, and labeled for distribution, and that they are administered by competent persons. Art. 689. They shall, subject to the direction of the senior medical officer, TO keep the med- keep the medical journal and prepare the regular reports and re- Ical J urnal - turns, unless the senior medical officer prefers to perform this duty himself. Art. 690. They shall keep the senior medical officer fully informed as to the TO consult with ... - ., ,. -, ,, ,. .,, , . , the senior medical condition of all patients, and frequently consult with him in regard officer, to their professional treatment. Art. 691. They shall obtain permission from the senior medical officer to be TO obtain permis- , . .. ., ,. sion from the sen- absent from the ship, before asking permission from the commanding j 0r medical officer, officer, or executive, as the case may be. Should the senior medical officer refuse to grant such permission he shall report his reasons for BO doing to the captain. CHAPTER XV. PAY OFFICERS. Art. 692. In general, the higher and more important duties of pay officers Assignment to will be assigned to the senior grades. Passed assistant and assistant u y ' paymasters may, when required, be assigned as assistants to pay offi- cers of a higher grade. Art. 693. 1. Before entering upon the duties of his office, every pay officer Bonds, shall give bond for the faithful performance thereof, with two or more sufficient sureties, to be approved by the Secretary of the Navy. 2. He shall give new bonds, with sufficient sureties, whenever re- quired to do so by the Secretary of the Navy. 3. A pay officer's bond takes effect from the date of its approval by the Secretary of the Navy. 4. The issuing of a new appointment and commission to any pay officer shall not affect or annul any existing bond, but the same shall remain in force and apply to such new appointment and commission- 5. The bond of a pay officer acting as an assistant to another pay officer covers the public property actually in his custody, and for which he has receipted, but does not release the senior from a proper super- vision over the acts of his subordinate. Art. 694. Pay officers shall immediately forward to the Fourth Auditor of the Copies of orders Treasury copies of orders received attaching them to, or detaching Auditor. ' e them from, any ship or station. They shall indorse on these copies, over their signature, the date upon which they actually begin duty, or are relieved from it, and shall keep the Fourth Auditor advised of their address. Art. 695. A pay officer who at any time discovers an excess or deficiency of Excess or deflci- the public money in his custody shall immediately report the fact to mo y ney to'beVe- his commanding officer. ported. Art. 696. A pay officer acting as. an assistant to another shall not be held to Pay officers as as- any pecuniary responsibility, except for property placed in his cus- sisteuts - tody and for which he shall have receipted. 153 154 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 697. Clerical assist- ance. 1. The general inspector of the pay corps, a paymaster of the fleet, a pay officer of a ship with a complement of more than one hun- dred and seventj'-five persons, a pay officer of a supply steamer, store vessel, receiving ship, shore station, or the naval academy, or a pay officer detailed as inspector of provisions and clothing, shall be allowed a clerk. 2. The pay officer of a ship shall be allowed the services of a yeo- man. 3. A pay officer shall be allowed the assistance of one person when settling his accounts after detachment; it shall be a clerk, if he has recently had one, otherwise a yeoman. Additional assistance of any kind requires the special authority of the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 698. rnty on board i. The pay officer of a ship fitting out shall, upon joining her, care- ship when fitting . ,, out. fully examine the storerooms and other spaces allotted for the stow- age of provisions and supplies in his charge; and shall report in writ- ing to the captain their capacity and any defects or deficiencies in their arrangement. Art. 699. The pay division. 1. The pay division shall consist of the senior pay officer and such of his assistants as are not quartered elsewhere. 2. It will muster at quarters at a place designated by the captain. 8. The senior pay officer shall take charge of the division and make the usual report in regard to absentees. 4. In battle, the members of the division shall be stationed by the captain where they will be of the greatest service. 5. For the issue of money, small stores, and clothing, the enlisted men of this division shall form part of the powder division. Art. 700. Care of store 1. The senior pay officer shall take charge of the store and other rooms which are kept locked, keeping the keys in his custody. He shall see that store and other rooms assigned to the pay department are clean, dry, well ventilated, and in good order, and that they are prepared for inspection at the same times as the other parts of the ship. 2. He shall see that no private articles are stowed in these rooms; and that they are not used as sleeping apartments without the cap- tain's knowledge and authority. 3. He shall see that stores in his charge are properly cared for as hereinafter provided. Art. 701. a e*to* u'bHc "TO*" '^ he P av ffi cer sliall j in tlie event of discovering deterioration, loss, erty. ' or destruction of any of the public property in his charge, immedi- ately report the fact to his commanding officer. PAY OFFICERS. 155 Art. 702. Pay officers shall forward all official reports, communications, and . Transmitting of- ficial papers, returns, whatever their character, through the captain; except those for the Treasury Department. Art. 703. Whenever he deems it necessary, it shall be the duty of the pay of- Suggestions, fleer to make written suggestions or reports to the captain concerning supplies and stores for the ship. Art. 704. In case of fire or shipwreck, it shall be the special duty of the pay sh |p\^? k of flre or officer to secure and preserve the accounts of officers and men. the public money, and such other public papers and property, in the urder of their value, as circumstances permit. Art. 705. Before sailing from any port, and also upon the first day of each T transmit a list of officers. vuarter during the cruise, the pay officer of a ship shall transmit to tbe Navy Department a list of officers then attached to the ship, stating opposite the name of each the date of his orders to the station or ship, and the date of his reporting on board; this list shall also show the changes that have taken place since the last report, with the dates of orders and of detachments. Art. 706. A clerk or yeoman shall not sign an official paper for the pay of- Kestrictions o n S6FV1C68 OX P ft V fleer; all such papers shall be signed by the pay officer himself. clerks and yeomen. Art. 707. 1. In the event of the death of a pay officer on duty, or of his Death or inca- pacity of a pay of- being pronounced by competent medical authority to be deranged or fleer afloat. disabled in mind or body, to such an extent as seriously to incapaci- tate him for the performance of his duties, or in event of its being necessary to relieve a pay officer from duty for any cause whatever, the commanding officer of the ship or station, to which he has been or is attached, shall immediately take possession of the safe and of the keys of the storerooms of such pay officer, and report all the facts in the case to the senior officer present. The latter shall, without delay, direct a board of officers to take an inventory of the papers, money, and stores then on hand; and shall appoint a suitable person to take charge of the same, and to perform the duties of such pay officer until otherwise directed by competent authority. 2. The senior officer present shall also appoint another suitable person to complete the vouchers, transfer the accounts, close up the books, and to have the custody of the same and of all papers necessary to the complete settlement of the account of such pay officer, and to be respoasible for their proper transmission to the Department. 156 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 3. Both the above named appointees shall be present when the above inventories are taken, and shall be furnished with copies thereof; which copies, duly certified, shall be considered satisfactory vouchers for the money and stores thus ascertained to be on hand. 4. If a pay officer unable to settle his accounts shall, while of sound mind, have nominated in writing the person to be selected to have custody of the books, vouchers, and other papers, and to com- plete accounts as above mentioned, the senior officer present shall, unless manifestly contrary to the public interest, conform to such nomination, and shall inform the Department without delay of his entire action in the matter; but nothing in this paragraph shall ap- ply to a pay officer relieved from duty for misconduct. Art. 708. Acting pay of- When the office of paymaster or assistant paymaster becomes vacant by death or otherwise in ships at sea, or on foreign stations, or on the Pacific coast of the United States, the senior officer present may make an acting appointment of any fit person, who shall per- form the duties thereof until another paymaster or assistant pay- master shall report for duty. CHAPTER XVI. ENGINEER OFFICERS. SECTION 1. THE SENIOR ENGINEER. Art. 709. 1. Upon joining a ship fitting out, the senior engineer shall care- Duty when fit- fully examine all parts of the steam machinery used for motive power tmg out ' of the ship and her steam boats, the boilers, coal bunkers, steam pumps, fan blowers and ventilating engines, steam heaters, evaporators and distilling apparatus, ash, anchor, and other hoisting engines, refrigerat- ing machinery, steam-steering engines, hydraulic-accumulator en- gines, turret-turning engines, storerooms for engine supplies, tanks and cisterns, all steam connections and all other steam machinery of whatever description. 2. Should he discover any defects or deficiencies, he shall immedi- ately make a detailed written report of the facts to the captain. Art. 710. 1. He shall be responsible for the preservation and efficient work- Responsibility and duty. ing of the motive engines of the ship and of her boats and their dependencies ; of the turret engines, steam pumps, steam heaters, steam connections and pipes, distilling apparatus, refrigerating en- gines, ventilating fans, and fire pumps. 2. He shall also be responsible for the cleanliness and good condi- tion of all bulkheads, doors, valves, pipes and machinery within the engine rooms; of the boiler rooms, shaft alleys, coal bunkers, firemen's wash rooms, engineer storerooms and workshops; of all compartments and double bottoms within the line of such bulkheads, together with those compartments and double bottoms accessible only through the engineer compartments. 3. He shall also be responsible for the efficiency and good condi- tion of all valves, cocks, and pipes within the engineer compartments connected with hand pumps; and he shall see that the suction and bilge wells are kept free from ashes, dirt, and grease. Art. 711. 1. He shall from time to time make inspections of steam machinery Machinery under under the cognizance of other bureaus and report to the captain any Ol repairs or adjustment which, in his judgment, may be needed. He shall have immediate charge of all such repairs. He shall not for the purpose of repairs put such machinery out of use, except by order of the captain. 157 158 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Duty in regard to engine stores. vision 2. He shall perform such other professional duties as may be assigned him by the captain. Art. 712. 1. He shall perform the same duties in connection with the exami- nation, invoice, receipts, account, issue, expenditures, preservation, care, survey, and preparation of requisitions, reports and returns, of engine stores and supplies, as are assigned to the equipment officer in connection with equipment stores and supplies. He will be allowed the services of an engineer yeoman. 2. After making the proper substitution of names, the regulations for the performance of these duties will be found in Arts. 543, 544, 545, 546, 548, 549, 550, 551, and 552. Art. 713. To keep a coal He shall keep an account of the expenditure of coal for various ount< purposes, and shall furnish the executive officer with such information as he may desire for making the required coal report. Art. 714. The engineer di- 1. The engineer division shall consist of the senior engineer, the junior and cadet engineers, and the enlisted men of the engineer department. 2. It shall be mustered at quarters at such place or places as may be designated by the captain. 3. The senior engineer shall at quarters take charge of the division, except those of its members which are stationed in the powder divi- sion. He shall make the usual report in regard to absentees, and perform such of the duties laid down in Arts. 623, 624, 625, and 626, as may be required. Art. 715. 1. He shall make out watch, quarter, station, fire, and cleaning bills. They shall, after approval by the captain, be hung up in a conspicu- ous place in the engine room. 2. These bills shall clearly show the duty and station of every offi- cer and man of his department under all conditions of service. 3. For ordinary steaming the force shall be divided into three watches. Art. 716. 1. He shall attend in the engine rooms when going" into or out of port; getting under way, or coming to anchor; when passing through intricate channels, and at other times when the performance of any evolution requires careful attention to the working of the engines. 2. He shall frequently visit the engine room during the day, and at any time during the day or night when his presence or services there may be necessary. 3. When in the engine room, he shall be responsible for all duty performed there. Station bills. Station. ENGINEER OFFICERS. 159 4. Every evening when not steaming, he shall carefully inspect the steam engineering department and. satisfy himself that everything is secure for the night; that there is no probability of accident from fire, from the introduction of sea water, or from other causes, and that all of the rules and routine orders of the ship are being obeyed. He shall then report the condition of his department to the executive officer, if he is junior, by relative rank, to the executive ; if senior, to the captain. He shall also, when at sea, make a similar report at 8 p. m. 5. He shall not be required to keep a watch unless, in the opinion of the captain, it becomes necessary. Art. 717. 1. He shall assign to the junior engineer officers their routine du- j^*' 68 of subor * ties in connection with the care, preservation, and repair of machinery. 2. When naval cadets of the engineer's division are ordered to the ship, he shall see that they acquire a knowledge of the practical du- ties of their profession. When, in his opinion, they may safely be intrusted with the charge of a watch under steam, by day or by night, or with a day's duty, he shall recommend them to the captain for such assignment. 3. He shall require all his subordinates to become familiar with all machinery in his department. To this end he shall give them, and cause his assistants to give them, such instruction as may be neces- sary in order to render all familiar with the management of the engines and their dependencies. Art. 718. 1. In the arrangement of stores and use of lights, he shall take Precautions to ., . .. prevent fire. every possible precaution to prevent fire. 2. He shall see that the apparatus in his charge for extinguishing fire is always kept ready for use. 3. He shall require the temperature of the coal bunkers to be taken every watch and recorded in the steam log. Should there be any in- dication of spontaneous combustion, it shall at once be reported to the officer of the deck. Art. 719. He shall not permit fires to be lighted or hauled, except in cases of . Lighting and hauling fires. emergency, without orders from the commanding officer. Art. 720. He shall not permit the main engines to be turned except in obedi- When to turn the engines. ence to a signal from, or by permission of, the officer of the deck. Art. 721. He shall be careful that all duty under his supervision is performed f^ in a diligent, faithful, zealous, and orderly manner. He shall report line, any officer or man who fails in this respect or who, while under him, commits any breach of discipline. 160 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 722. Examinations, j_ Each day before 10 a. m. he shall examine the engine and fire inspection*, and re- porte. rooms, coal bunkers, storerooms, and other parts of his department, and see that they are clean and in good order, ready for inspection, and that the work of the day is progressing in a satisfactory manner. 2. He shall report to the captain whenever a boiler is injured; also any accident or derangement to the motive engines or their depend- encies. 3. He shall report to the captain at noon each day, when steaming, the number of revolutions of the screw or screws for the past twenty-four hours, the average number per minute when in operation, the amount of coal consumed for the preceding twenty-four hours, and the amount remaining on hand. Art. 723. Coal bunkers. j. He shall frequently examine the coal bunkers, with the view of ascertaining the quantity of coal actually on hand, as compared with the amount called for by the coal account. Should he discover any excess or deficiency, he shall report it at once to the captain. 2. He shall inspect the bunkers before coaling, in order to ascertain their condition and the condition of all water-tight openings; and he shall see that no unauthorized materials are stowed in the bunkers. 3. After coaling he shall report to the captain what bunkers are filled, whether the coaling ports and scuttles have been so closed as to be water-tight, and what water-tight doors and hatches are closed. Art. 724. Reporting work Whenever a vessel arrives in port the senior engineer shall report fng^port;. 11 a v " to the captain in writing all work needed for the proper care and preservation of the machinery and boilers, stating separately the work that can be postponed, if necessary, and that which cannot with- out injury be delayed. He shall note opposite each item whether the work can, or cannot, be done by the force on board, together with an estimate of the time required. No machinery shall be put out of use for repairs, except by the consent of the captain. Art. 725. Suggestions. Whenever he deems it necessary, it shall be his duty to make writ- ten suggestions or reports to the captain concerning the motive ma- chinery and its dependencies, or other fittings of the ship for which he is responsible. Art. 726. Transmitting of- He shall forward all official reports, communications, and returns, ficiai papers. thrO ugh the captain. Art. 727. steam log. 1. He shall supervise the keeping of the steam log, beginning it upon the day the ship is placed in commission. ENGINEER OFFICERS. 161 2. He shall, as soon after noon each day as practicable, present the steam log, complete to date, to the captain for his inspection. 3. He shall furnish to the navigator daily the data required for the ship's log. 4. Entries in the steam log pertaining to matters and events outside of the engine and fire rooms, such as wind, weather, speed, state of th* sea, sail carried, course steered, draft of water, etc., shall be copied from the ship's log, when recorded there. 5. He shall prepare and at the end of each quarter present to the captain, for transmission to the Navy Department, a smooth copy of the steam log. Art. 728. 1. He shall make, for transmission to the Navy Department, in Synopsis of steam accordance with, the forms supplied for that purpose, a quarterly report, which shall contain a synopsis of the steam log and a brief descrip- tion of the condition of the motive machinery and its dependencies. It shall describe particularly the state of the main cylinders, valves and valve gear, all cranks, shafts, and journals; of the thrust and stern bearings and screws; of the condenser; of the air and circulating pumps; of the boilers, steam drums, up-takes and other attachments; and any casualty or breakage that may have occurred during the quar- ter, with all attending circumstances. In short, this report should be an intelligent summary which will enable the Navy Department to judge of the service the ship is able to perform, so far as her motive power is concerned. 2. When the ship is serving in squadron, a copy of this report shall be sent to the engineer of the fleet. Art. 729. The senior engineer shall keep the executive officer informed of To inform execu- the sobriety and obedience of the enlisted men of the engineer depart- i^foTcUc'Trf ment, and of their proficiency in their respective ratings. men - SECTION 2. JUNIOR ENGINEER OFFICERS. Art. 730. During the temporary absence or disability of the senior engineer, Absence or dfaa- the engineer officer next in rank remaining on board shall perform engineer? 16 Seni r the duties of the senior in addition to his own. Should, however, the absence or disability of the senior extend for a considerable period, the captain may, at his discretion, relieve the engineer officer next in rank of his duties as a junior. Art. 731. The watches of junior engineers shall be arranged by the captain . Wat ches of j un - in accordance with the number on board fit for duty and the require- cera. 60 ' ments of the ship. 1344811 162 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 732. Engineer of the l. The engineer of the watch shall use every effort to maintain the motive machinery and its dependencies in an efficient condition and to prevent any accident or injury to the same. Orders from the 2. He shall be prepared to execute immediately any order received from the deck, by signal or otherwise. 8. He shall report at once to the officer of the deck any derange- ment, or probable derangement, of machinery which may affect the manoeuvering powers of the ship. He shall not alter the speed of the engines without orders from deck, except through necessity. Duty in connec- 4. He shall acquaint the senior engineer as soon as he discovers tion with the sen- ior engineer. anything going wrong with the machinery or boilers. 5. He shall faithfully execute and observe all instructions and di- rections received from the senior engineer in reference to the use, care, and preservation of the motive machinery, and other professional duties with which the senior engineer is charged by these regulations, instructions from Q jj e sna u at a u times carry out any instructions he may receive superior authority. * from proper authority. TO preserve order. 7. jj e sn all preserve order among his subordinates in the engine and fire rooms, and place upon the report book the names of any men who are guilty of any infractions of discipline. Steam-log. g. He shall keep the steam log and make such entries as are re- quired by the instructions contained therein. TO prevent waste. 9. So far as is in his power, he shall prevent any waste of coal, oil, or other stores. Not to absent him- 10. He shall not absent himself from the place of his duties during his watch, unless regularly relieved. Reports, how 11. Reports to the officer of the deck and senior engineer shall, when possible, be made through voice tubes. When this cannot be done, they shall be carried by some intelligent subordinate; in the case of important reports both means shall be employed. Art. 733. Permission to Junior engineer officers shall obtain permission from the senior engineer to be absent from the ship, before asking permission from the captain or executive officer, as the case may be. Should the senior engineer officer refuse to grant such permission, he shall report his reasons for so doing to the captain. OHAPTEE XTIL THE CHAPLAIN. Art. 734. The chaplain shall perform divine service and offer prayers on board The performance of the ship to which he is attached at such times as the captain may prescribe; also on board other ships to which chaplains are not at- tached, or at shore stations and naval hospitals, when so directed by the senior oflBcer present. Art. 735. He shall be permitted to conduct public worship according to the Form of worship. manner and forms of the church of which he is a minister. Art. 736. He shall facilitate, so far as possible, the performance of divine ser- Divine service by , , , , , , , , . other clergymen. vice by clergymen of churches other than his own, who may be per- mitted by the captain to visit the ship for that purpose. Art. 737. He may, with the sanction of the captain, form voluntary classes Religious instruc- for religious instruction. Art. 738. He shall visit the sick frequently, unless the condition of the sick Visiting the sk. renders such visits unadvisable. Art. 739. Under the direction of the captain, he shall supervise the instruc- To in 8 * 1 * b y tion of boys, and of such other persons in the Navy as may need to be taught the elementary principles of reading, writing, arithmetic, and geography. He shall report in writing to the captain at the end of ach week the character of instruction given, the number of hours under instruction, and the progress made by each person. Art. 740. He shall always report at quarters for inspection, when on board, station at qaar- His station at quarters for battle and for inspection, shall be as the tor8 ' captain may direct. Art. 741. The chaplain's duty in battle is to aid the wounded. Duty in battle. 163 CHAPTER XVIII. WARRANT OFFICERS. SECTION 1. GENERAL DUTIES. Art. 742. 1. Warrant officers shall act as assistants to the heads of depart- General duty. ments to which they belong; the boatswain and sailmaker to the equipment officer, the gunner to the ordnance officer, and the carpen- ter to the construction officer. 2. They shall also perform such other duties as may be assigned them by superior authority. 8. In their absence their duties shall be performed by the chief mates of their departments. Art. 743. 1. They shall critically examine all stores and spare articles re- stores and snp- ceived and report any defect or deficiency. Spare articles shall be p tried in place, to ascertain if they fit and are in all respects suitable for the purpose intended. 2. They shall exercise a careful supervision over the expenditure Expenditure of of stores, exert themselves to the utmost to prevent any waste or loss, and see that all issues are applied to the purposes intended. They shall be responsible for articles issued from storerooms for use, with the intention of being returned. 3. They shall upon the discovery of any loss or deterioration of To report lowee, stores, or damage to or defects in the ship, at once report the same to the head of department. 4. When a ship goes out of commission they shall exercise great G in K. ut of commission. care that all stores and articles of outfit are carefully tallied, and properly stored without loss or injury. Art. 744. They shall report the condition of their respective departments to Daily report*, the executive officer daily, at 8 a. m. and at 8 p. m. SECTION 2 THE BOATSWAIN. Art. 745. 1. The boatswain shall frequently examine the spars and rigging, special dutie*. Should he discover any signs of weakness, or any defects, he shall report the same to the executive officer, and, if requiring immediate attention, to the officer of the deck. 165 166 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. TO go aloft at 2. He shall, when at sea, go aloft every morning and examine the rigging on each mast, reporting the result to the officer of the deck. Security of arti- 8. When at sea, he shall also pay particular attention to the secur- ing of the anchors, boats, and other movable articles. Ground tackle. 4. He shall pay particular attention to the ground tackle of the ship, in order that it may be always ready for use and in good condi- tion. When at anchor he shall see that nothing interferes with a readiness to veer, slip, or bring to the chain, or to let go the spare anchors. Supervision of 5. He shall always supervise any work going on in his department. W vuien to be on & ** e sna ^ be on ^ eck generally during the day, also during the deck. night when his services are needed. Art. 746. To report when He shall always report to the executive officer any repairs to rig- any repairs are ne- , . , . , , , , cessary. g m g> or other work in his department that he deems necessary. Art. 747. Duty in connec- i. He shall be accountable to the executive officer for the condi- tion of all boatswain's stores, whether in use or not. 2. He shall take care when stowing the hold and yeoman's store- room, that such articles as may be needed in an emergency are kept accessible. Art. 748. station. His station at quarters and at all hands shall be as the captain may direct. SECTION 8. THE GUNNEB. Art. 749. Special duties. 1. The gunner shall faithfully comply with the ordnance instruc- tions in reference to the care, preservation, and use "of ordnance ma- terial. Armament 2. When at sea, he shall carefully attend to the security of the bat- tery, and use every effort, at all times, to prevent injury to any part of the armament. Supervision of 8. He shall faithfully supervise all ordnance work, and carefully collect data for the ordnance returns. Clerical duty. 4. He shall perform any clerical services for the ordnance officer that the latter may require in connection with ordnance accounts and returns. Lifebuoy*. 5. He shall be responsible for the efficient condition of the life buoys, and shall test them as often as necessary in order to insure their good condition. They must be kept ready for use at sea and in port, and kept primed or ready for lighting between sunset and sunrise. WARRANT OFFICERS. 167 Art. 750. He shall always report to the executive and ordnance officers any To report when any repairs are repairs to the armament, or other work in his department, that he necessary. deems necessary. Art. 751. 1. He shall be accountable to the executive and ordnance officers Dut y in connec- tion with stores. for the condition of the armament and ordnance stores. 2. He shall issue no ordnance stores without authority from the ordnance officer. Art. 752. His station at quarters shall be in accordance with the ordnance station, instructions. When all hands are called, it shall be where the captain may direct. SECTION 4. THE CARPENTER. Art. 753. 1. The carpenter shall make himself familiar with the regulations Special dutiea. and such other instructions as may be issued from time to time con- cerning the care, preservation, and repair of ships, and shall strictly carry them out. 2. He shall supervise the work done by the mechanics placed supervision of under him. 3. He shall see that all fire extinguishing apparatus except the Fire apparatus steam fire pumps and their appurtenances (which are under the an Se P arate books shall be kept for the crew of the ship. weekly report of 3. A return for each week, ending on Saturday, and signed by the commanding officer, shall be made to the Navy Department, showing all changes in recruits that have taken place by reason of death, de- sertion, discharge, apprehension, surrender, or transfer. Monthly report, 4. Enlistment records shall be forwarded to the bureau as enlist- ments occur; and a list of the recruits received, with their ratings and the numbers of their enlistment records, stall be transmitted at the end of each month. Art. 783. Surveys in case jf ^g ca ptain of a ship to whicli men are transferred finds cause of d i s s a tisfactiou with draft received, of complaint or dissatisfaction with them, the commandant shall, upon ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 175 the captain's request, order a survey, on the report of which he shall decide the case; but no men shall be returned. and exchanged except by the commandant's written order, in which the reasons for the same shall be given. Art. 784. 1. The captain, under the direction of the commandant of the sta- Eiercisesand in- tion, shall have recruits drilled at the guns, howitzers, small arms, "runs? sails, heaving the lead, exercising in boats, etc. Particular attention shall be paid to the instruction of apprentices and landsmen. 2. Kecruits shall not be employed on duties not connected with the Employed at work receiving ship, except by the specific order of the commandant; and when so employed they shall remain under the direction of officers of the Navy. Except for some special service, commandants of navy yards shall not require or authorize the employment of enlisted men in a yard upon duties other than such as are connected with the equipment of ships, or with the preparation of their outfit or stores. Art. 785. The captain and other officers attached to a receiving ship shall Officers to live - , ... . and mess on board. conform to the regulations for other ships in commission, as far as applicable, and shall live and mess on board, unless specially ex- empted by the Secretary of the Navy. SECTION 3. ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, RATING, AND DISRATING. Art. 786. Enlistments are authorized Enlistments, 1. At naval rendezvous established by the Navy Department. 2. On board the receiving ships at Boston, New York, League Island, Norfolk, Washington, and Mare Island. 3. On board cruising ships of the Navy, when necessary to fill va- cancies in an authorized complement; except in ports of the United States where naval rendezvous or receiving ships are established. 4. On board vessels of the Coast Survey and Fish Commission, and at naval stations when necessary to fill vacancies in an established complement. 5. Boys will be enlisted as apprentices on board the receiving ships at Boston, Philadelphia, and Washington; at the training station, New- port, R. I.; on board the apprentice receiving ship in New York, the U. S. S. Michigan on the lakes, and, by special authority of the De- partment, on board the receiving ship at Mare Island, California. Art. 787. 1. Enlistments for duty on board cruising vessels of the Navy shall Terms of eniist- be for the term of three years, general service. 2. Enlistments for duty on board vessels of the Coast Survey shall be for the term of " cruise", not to exceed five years. 176 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 3. Enlistments for duty on board receiving or stationary ships, tugs, or boats, at naval stations and for vessels of the Fish Commission shall be for the term of one year, special service; except that the Depart- ment will, as occasion may arise, assign to such ships men who have served twenty years as enlisted men in the general service of the Navy, who shall receive all the benefits of their continuous-service certifi- cates. Art. 788. Enlistment* by NO person shall be enlisted for the naval service unless pronounced Department "" ** fit by the commanding and medical officers, except by special author- ity in each case from the Navy Department. Special care shall be taken in enlisting men for the artificer class to see that they have knowledge of the trades required. Art. 789. Persons enlisted In the case of persons having physical disabilities, who have been bllfttau *" enlisted by order of the Navy Department, the physical condition of the enlisted men must be fully described in the enlistment records, in order that no improper claims for pensions may be allowed. Art. 790. Persons who can j. NO person under the age of fourteen, no insane or intoxicated not be enlisted. person, no person known to have committed an infamous crime, and no deserter from the naval or military service of the United States, shall be enlisted. Persons requiring 2. No person between the ages of fourteen and twenty-one can be dian? Ut f guar " enlisted without the consent of parent or guardian. 3. No person between the ages of seventeen and twenty-one shall be enlisted except by special authority of the Navy Department. Deserters and ^ j n or der to prevent the enlistment of deserters and persons dis- pergdiis dishonora- bly discharged. honorably discharged, no one who has already been in the service of the United States shall be enlisted without showing his discharge Discharge lost therefrom. Should it be claimed that the discharge has been lost, the circumstances shall be reported to the Navy Department for decision. Beneficiaries. 5. Beneficiaries and pensioners who have been admitted to the Naval Home shall not be enlisted. Art. 791. Continuous eerr- 1. Every person holding a continuous service certificate upon which there is indorsed an " honorable " or " ordinary " discharge, shall, on presenting himself for reSnlistment within three months from the date of his discharge as shown thereon, be regnlisted, provided he is physically qualified and answers to the descriptive list of the dis- charge. Discharge lost 2. Should any person claim that his discharge has been lost, the case, with such means of identifying the person as can be obtained, shall be reported to the Navy Department for verification. ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 177 8. The holder of a continuous-service certificate which is indorsed " discharged with bad conduct discharge", "dishonorably discharged", of " not recommended for reenlistment", shall not be reenlisted. Art. 792. Should any person eligible for continuous service be found physi. .Continuous ser- J * rice men physi cally disqualified for reenlistment, a copy of the record of his medi- caiiy disqualified. cal examination shall be forwarded immediately to the Navy Depart- ment, with the recommendations of the medical and commanding of- ficers. Should the department not authorize the reenlistment of the applicant, an indorsement to the effect that the applicant is physi- cally disqualified shall be made on his discharge, and said discharge shall not thereafter entitle the holder thereof to reenlistment. Pend- ing a reply from the Department, the discharge shall be held by the recruiting officer, and the holder may, if he so elect, remain during such time on board ship. * Art. 793. The shipping articles must be read and explained by the recruiting Shipping articles _, , , .. . , & to be read to all re- Officer to every person about to be enlisted. emits. Art. 794. On first enlistment, men shall not be enlisted as petty officers of in what ratings i. T* T.C j Tii- enlistments may the seaman branch. If qualified, men may, however, be enlisted in be made, the following ratings: Bandmaster, machinist, plumber and fitter, boilermaker, coppersmith, blacksmith, apothecary, writer of the third class, officers' stewards and cooks. Men intended for yeomen and carpenters' mates, shall be enlisted as writers of the third class and as shipwrights, respectively; and printers and painters as lands- men. Art. 795. Vacancies in the complement of petty officers shall be filled in the Petty offlcen. following manner: 1. The captain of the ship where the vacancy occurs shall give to the man selected by him to fill the vacancy an acting appointment for the term of six months, which shall be regarded as a period of probation. During this period, the acting appointment may be re- voked at any time, for sufficient reasons, by the captain of the ship in which the petty officer is then serving. At the end of this period the captain, if satisfied of the man's qualifications, shall recommend him to the Department for appointment in that rating. If the recom- mendation is approved, the Department will issue to the man an ap- pointment as petty officer in the rating in which he held the acting appointment. While holding the acting appointment, the man shall receive the pay of the rating. 2. If the captain should not deem the man qualified after his pe- riod of probation, he shall make no recommendation; in which case the man will revert to his former rating. 1344812 178 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 8. If, after receiving the Departmental appointment, the petty offi- cer is advanced to a higher rating, or transferred to another rating in the same class, he shall receive a new acting appointment from the captain to the new rating, which shall continue during a new period of probation of three months. During this period the same rules with reference to the revocation of his acting appointment shall be applied as in the case of a first acting appointment. But in case of such revocation, or of the termination of the period of probation without a recommendation from the captain, the petty officer will re- vert to the rating from which he was advanced and in which he still continues to hold a Departmental appointment. 4. In case his advancement to a higher rating takes place before the end of the probationary period in his former rating, he shall, in addition to receiving the acting appointment of the new rating from the captain, be immediately recommended to the Department for a full appointment in his fcrmer rating. He shall, however, receive the pay of the rating to which he is advanced. Art. 796. Transfer or dis- 1. In case of the transfer or discharge of a petty officer, his enlist- officiu? y ment record shall show the dates of all his appointments, and, if on probation, the date of his acting appointment. 2. The mere transfer of a petty officer from one cruising ship to another, or to a hospital, shall not involve his reduction from his pro- bationary rating. He shall be credited for probationary time in the ship to which he is transferred, in addition to the probationary time passed in his previous ship; but no credit shall be given for such time when passed in other than cruising ships. 3. At the end of his enlistment, a petty officer shall be discharged in the rating in which he holds an appointment at the time; or, if un- dergoing probation for a higher rating, in his probationary rating. 4. A petty officer honorably discharged with an appointment, and holding or entitled to hold a continuous service certificate, shall be entitled to reenlist within three months from the date of discharge, in the rating in which he was discharged, as an appointed or proba- tionary petty officer, as the case may be. 5. A petty officer, honorably discharged, who at the date of his dis- charge held an acting appointment, and who holds or is entitled to hold a continuous service certificate, and who reenlists within three months from the date of his discharge, shall be entitled to credit for the probationary time already served in his previous enlistment. Art. 797. Advancement* in As far as practicable each class of petty officers shall be recruited from the next lower class and they shall be advanced but one class at a time. A petty officer, who has received an appointment from the Depart- ment, shall not be disrated except by sentence of a general or summary court martial. ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 179 Art. 798. 1. Any person in the Navy, enlisted for general service, who is . Persons entitled to honorable dis- recom mended by his captain for a testimonial for fidelity, obedience, charge, and ability during his term of service, and who is a desirable person to retain, shall, upon the expiration of his enlistment, receive an honorable discharge. 2. When deciding upon the claim of an enlisted man to an honorable discharge, the captain must give due weight to the recommendations of all other captains under whom the man may have served during his current enlistment, as shown by his enlistment record. Art. 799. The" following persons are entitled to an ordinary discharge only: . Perso " s . entitled 1. All who enlisted for other than general service. charge. 2. All general service men who are not recommended by the cap- tain for a testimonial for fidelity, obedience, and ability during their term of service. 3. All who are discharged before the expiration of their term of enlistment at their own request, or for their own convenience. Art. 800. 1. A dishonorable or bad conduct discharge can only be given in Dishonorable or .,, ., ,. ... bad conduct dis- accordance with the sentence of a court-martial. charge. 2. It can only be given in a foreign port in accordance with the sentence of a general court-martial. 3. When a dishonorable discharge is given, an ordinary discharge form shall be used, and the words " dishonorably discharged by sen- tence of a (summary or general) court-martial " be written across the face and signed by the captain. Art. 801. 1. Whenever any enlisted man, not holding a continuous-service Form of dis- certificate, is discharged from the naval service, either the form of char s e - honorable or that of ordinary discharge shall be used. 2. If the person discharged holds a continuous-service certificate, neither form of discharge will be necessary, but the appropriate column of the certificate shall be filled out, and the character of the discharge, such as " honorable", " ordinary", or "dishonorable^' shall be designated therein; if the last, a brief statement of the cause shall be made in an indorsement. Art. 802. Every discharge must contain the enlistment record, conduct re- Discharge to con- cord, descriptive list, and state of accounts. *^ n descriptive Art. 803. No person shall be discharged outside of the United States unless Discharges with- by order of the Navy Department, or in accordance with the sentence states. e of a general court-martial, with the following exceptions : 180 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 1. Upon the expiration of the term of enlistment of a man enlisted within the United States, whose detention on board is not essential to the public interests, he may be discharged upon his own written re- quest, by order of the senior officer present; provided said request states that the applicant waives all claim for transportation at public expense and all consular aid. The fact that a written request has been made and that all claim for public transportation and consular aid has been waived must appear on the discharge. 2. Men who have enlisted outside of the United States, upon the expiration of their terms of enlistment. Art. 804. Discharges within Any person serving in the Navy may, when within the United * ea ' States, be discharged by the written order of the senior officer present for either of the following reasons, but not otherwise, except by authority from the Navy Department: 1. Upon the expiration of his term of service, whether enlisted within or without the United States. 2. By sentence of a general or summary court-martial. Art. 805. When entitled to Enlisted persons in the naval service of the United States are only entitled to their discharge upon the expiration of their term of service. Art. 806. No discharge ex- No enlisted person in the naval service of the United States shall be discharged therefrom, except for cause, before the expiration of his term of enlistment. Art. 807. Returned desert- Persons who are apprehended or who surrender themselves as de- ereto serve out full serterSjOr stragglers from the Navy, shall not be entitled to discharge until they have served out the period of their unauthorized absence. Art. 808. Yeomen. Yeomen shall not be discharged until the stores under their charge shall have been examined and satisfactorily accounted for. Art. 809. Nobonorahiedis- Shouhl there be no honorable discharge forms at hand upon the bind! 6 ** expiration of the term of enlistment of any person who is entitled to receive one, an ordinary discharge form may be used; the words " en- titled to honorable discharge ", however, must be written across the face and signed by the captain. The holder thereof may, by commu- uicating with the Bureau of Navigation, Navy Department, exchange such a paper for an honorable discharge. Art. 810. Exchange of dig- Any person who, upon the expiration of a three years' enlistment outwrvfcyTertln 1 - receives an honorable discharge, or a recommendation for reSnlist- oate - ment indorsed upon an ordinary discharge, shall, upon reenlistment ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 181 within three months from the date of his discharge, receive in ex- change for said discharge a continuous-service certificate. Art. 811. Continuous-service certificates shall be prepared and issued by the Continuous-ser- Bureau of Navigation to men who make application for and are enti. J^d ^Bureau of tied thereto, upon the receipt of the discharge from the commander Navigation. 'of the ship or rendezvous where the men reenlist. The increase of pay for continuous service shall begin immediately upon reenlist- ment. Art. 812. Continuous-ser- Advantages of 36 ' When any person holding a continuous-service certificate is dis- charged, who, in the opinion of his captain, is unworthy to be retained in the service, the words "Not recommended for reenlistment" shall be indorsed upon his certificate and enlistment record with the rea- sons therefor. Art. 813. 1. The continuous service certificate shall confer all the benefits of an honorable discharge in cases where persons are recommended therefor, and must always state, in the proper column, whether the discharge is " honorable," " ordinary," " for bad conduct," or " dis- honorable." 2. In the old form of " Honorable .Discharge and Continuous Ser- vice Certificates " the character of discharge will be written in the column headed " Date of discharge " immediately above the date. 3. A continuous-service certificate entitles the holder to three months' extra pay or bounty, provided his last discharge is marked "honorable" and the reenlistment takes place within three months. Art. 814. Upon the discharge of any person entitled to ree"nlist as a petty offi- Rates of enlisted cer, the captain shall indorse in red ink upon his enlistment record P 6 *^ officer8 - and discharge the rating of his class which, in the captain's opinion, the man is best qualified to fill during his next enlistment. Art. 815. Persons in lower ratings than petty officer, discharged by reason of Bates for dis- the expiration of their enlistment, shall also be discharged in the char s e - rating in which they are serving. Art. 816. 1. The order of the captain to the executive officer to discharge a Details of dis- person may be verbal. 2. The order to the pay officer to pay off a person and close hia account must be in writing. 3. The name and rating of the person discharged, cause of dis- charge, and any claim waived must be entered in the log. 182 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 817. Enlistment roc- Upon the discharge or death of any enlisted person the following ch^rgeTo n r < d information must be written on his enlistment record, which shall eeted. then be forwarded to the Navy Department: Discharge Date, place, cause, authority for, character of, state of account. Death Date, place, cause, place of burial, state of account. Art. 818. Enlisted men not An enlisted man rated as mate or appointed a warrant officer or ^romotf UP n clerk is not tneret) y discharged from his enlistment. Art. 819. Seduction of an Should an enlisted petty officer be reduced by sentence of a court enUsted petty offl- martial to a rating below that of a petty officer, the privilege of re- enlistment as such in his next enlistment is forfeited. Art. 820. Artificers to ^ en 8na ^ not ^ e appointed as petty officers in the artificer branch nave trades of unless they have the trade represented in the rating. ratings. Art. 821. Kestrictionsasto ! No person shall be reduced below the rating in which he was disrating*. received on board except by order of the Navy Department or by sentence of a court-martial; but enlisted men who are not petty offi- cers, and who have been rated by the captain, may be reduced by him to any rating not lower than that which they held when received on board. 2. A summary court-martial may disrate any rated person for in- competency. Art. 822. Men transferred -^ P erson ao ut to be transferred for discharge on account of for discharge not to expiration of enlistment shall be disrated; but he shall be transferred be disrated. ^ i_ i j v. i_ in the rate last held by him. Transfer papers in such cases shall bear the remark " Transferred for discharge." Art. 823. Whenever a change of rating takes place the captain shall give to B " the pay officer an order in writing, stating the change of rating and the date from which it takes effect. Art. 824. A captain shall, on transferring his command, disrate all petty offi- General disrating , . on transferring cers rated by his order; and his successor shall appoint them imme- diately to the same rates. The changes shall be entered in the log in general terms. Art. 825. Effect upon rat- ! If a command be vacated by the death of the captain, or other ings of captain's circumstances, all petty officers rated by him shall thereby be dis- rated, and his successor shall rate them again, as provided in Art. 824. ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 183 2. Should the succeeding captain be transferred from another com- mand and bring with him the persons authorized by Art. 363 to be transferred, or either of them, the persons thus rendered supernum- erary shall be transferred to another ship to fill vacancies caused by this transfer, or carried as supernumeraries until their disposition be arranged for by an order from the Navy Department. Art. 826. 1. Every seaman of good standing as to character and conduct who Qualifications for ,. ., ^. . ,-, -,-v seamen gunner*. shall qualify, according to the instructions issued from the Navy De- partment, and who is conversant with the drills, routines, and customs of the service and handling and care of ordnance and electrical ma- terial, and who shows ability to command and instruct.others, shall be rated as seaman gunner, and shall receive a certificate from tbe Bureau of Navigation. 2. Seamen gunners and others who have qualified as divers, shall have the same indorsed by the inspector of ordnance under whom they were qualified on their continuous service certificates and enlist- ment records. 3. Preference shall be given seamen gunners in selecting men for ratings to petty officers, and they shall be entitled to reenlist as sea- men gunners if they were honorably discharged as such from their previous enlistments. Art. 827. Baymen. 1. Baymen shall be given a course of instruction on board the re- ceiving ship or at a naval hospital before being drafted for service in a seagoing ship. 2. If honorably discharged at the end of enlistment, they shall, if enlisted within three months from date of their discharge, be entitled to enlist as baymen. Art. 828. Buglers will be supplied from the station at Newport upon appli- cation to the Navy Department, but no person detailed' for such duty shall hold the rate or receive the pay of bugler during his term of service as an apprentice. Art. 829. Every change in rating, with the reason therefor, shall be fully en- tered in the log. SECTION 6. TRANSFERS. Art. 830. The transfer of an enlisted man from one ship or station to another Transfers, when shall only be made as follows: allowed. 1. In home ports, by order of the Bureau of Navigation. 2. For temporary service between the ships of a 'fleet or squadron on the coast of the United States, by the commander in chief; by the commander in chief of a fleet or squadron, or the senior officer, in Bugler*. All changes in ratings to be log- ged. 184 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. foreign waters, when the interests of the service require it; but the Bureau of Navigation shall be informed without delay of such changes. Art. 831. f rf< * 1* Sick pe rsons mav be sent to a hospital at any time upon recom- mendation of a medical board of survey, by order of a commandant or senior officer present. 2. When any petty officer or enlisted person is sent from a ship within the limits of the United States, or of the North Atlantic sta- tion, to a hospital for treatment, or from a ship on a foreign station to a hospital within the limits of that station, his accounts shall be re- tained on board the vessel to which he is attached, and he shall con- tinue to hold the rating in which he was serving until his discharge from the hospital to duty, or until his enlistment expires. 3. The transfer of petty officers or enlisted men to a hospital for treatment shall not be considered as creating a vacancy, unless the vessel to which they were attached is about to leave the limits of the United States for a foreign station, in which case their accounts shall be transferred to the receiving ship nearest the hospital, and the va- cancy thus made may be filled. The term "foreign station" shall not apply to any foreign ports within the limits of the North Atlantic station. When sent from a ship on a foreign station to a hospital in the United States, their accounts will be transferred to the receiving ship nearest the hospital, and the vacancy thus made may be filled. 4. In cases when there is a probability that men will be under treatment for an indefinite period, authority will be granted by the Department to transfer their accounts to a receiving ship, and to fill their vacancies. 5. The pay of an enlisted man, when at a hospital in the United States, ceases when his term of enlistment expires; he may be re- tained for treatment. When at a hospital on a foreign station, his pay continues until he is returned to the United States, even after his term of enlistment has expired. 6. When petty officers serving under acting appointments are re- turned from a hospital to a receiving ship instead of to the vessel to which they were formerly attached as above provided for, said acting appointments shall be revoked and they shall return to the rating in which enlisted, or to the rating in which they held an appointment as a petty officer at the time of transfer. sick persons 7. Persons transferred to the naval hospital at Philadelphia shall Shia r hMpitoi Ua * be directed to report to the Governor of the Naval Home. Art. 832. Transfer of pris- When prisoners are sent to a penitentiary in accordance with a Hentiary. C sentence of court-martial, their accounts shall be forwarded to the receiving ship nearest the place of confinement, accompanied by a letter of advice. ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 185 Art. 833. In every case of transfer of a man from one ship or station to Transfer papers, another, the following papers shall be transmitted: 1. Enlistment record, with all entries to date of transfer, signed by the captain and the medical officer. 2. Clothing list. 3. Transfer accounts. 4. Continuous-service certificate (if the man hold one) with entries to date of transfer. 5. Should the man be sent to a naval hospital a conduct report shall accompany the hospital ticket;- and a conduct report shall also be returned with the man when discharged. Art. 834. When men are transferred to a command without their'accounts and Men transferred ,. without their ac- other transfer papers, the commanding officer shall, if necessary to counts, obtain the accounts and papers, report the fact without delay to the Navy Department, giving the names and ratings of the men and such other information as can be obtained. Art. 835. When men are transferred from one station or ship to another on Transfers be- the Atlantic coast they shall be supplied with cooked rations, if the {j^f home 8ta " period of transit be less than twenty-four hours. SECTION 5. APPRENTICES. Art. 836. Boys between the ages of fourteen and seventeen years may, with Age limits and . ,, . ,. ... ,, term of enlistment the consent of their parents or guardians, be enlisted to serve in the f or apprentices. Navy until they shall arrive at the age of twenty-one years. Art. 837. The enlistment and training of apprentices for the Navy will be Bureau of Navi- gation controls en- conducted under the direction and supervision of the Bureau of Hstmeut and train- Navigation. Art. 838. Apprentices shall be enlisted only on board such receiving and Enlistment, where made. stationary ships as the Department may direct. Art. 839. Each boy presenting himself for enlistment must be accompanied Parent or guar- by his father, or by his mother in case the father be deceased, or by bo^wUhing"*)'^ his legally appointed guardian in case he has neither father nor Ust< mother living, and the parent or guardian presenting the boy must sign the prescribed "consent, declaration, and oath" which forms part of the shipping articles. Art. 840. In cases where parents or guardians may by reason of distance, When parent or , ,. guardian is unable infirmity, or other causes, be unable to appear at the place of enlist- to appear. 186 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. ment, they will, on written application to the commanding officer of either of the ships upon which enlistments are made, be furnished with the printed form of " consent, declaration, and oath", in dupli- cate, by executing which the enlistment will be perfected should the boys be accepted by the Board of Examining Officers. Art. 841. Necessary quail- i. Boy s enlisted for the service must be of robust frame, intelligent, fications for boys. of perfectly sound and healthy constitution, free from any physical . defects or malformation, and not subject to fits. Must be able to read and write. 2. They must be able to read and write. In special cases, where the boy shows a general intelligence and is otherwise qualified, he may be enlisted notwithstanding that his reading and writing are imperfect. Agreement to 3. A.11 boys enlisting as apprentices must voluntarily sign an agree- eerve must be ex- plained to recruits, ment to serve in the Navy until twenty-one years of age, which agreement must, before being signed, be carefully read and explained to each boy by the recruiting officer. ^' A ^ " 30VS 8Qa ^ ^ e enlisted as third class apprentices, and shall be continued in this rating while at the training station and while in training ships. Must be of good 5. No boy who has been convicted of crime or is of known bad char- character. , ,, , ,. . , acter shall be enlisted. Art. 842. Board to examine The board of examining officers for enlisting boys shall consist of the captain, one line officer, and the senior medical officer of the ship. Art. 843. Discharge of ap- 1. No apprentice will be discharged from the service before the ex- piration of his enlistment except for inaptitude for the service, or upon the sentence of a court-martial or the recommendation of a medical board of survey. Discharge for in- 2. Discharges for inaptitude will be ordered only by the Bureau of aptitude, copies of descriptive list to Navigation. 3 - Whenever an apprentice is discharged for bad conduct or inapt- itude a copy of his descriptive list shall be sent to every receiving ship where apprentices are enlisted. When vain of 4. Should any apprentice during his minority be discharged at his funded! 1111 *" own request, or at the request of his parents, guardians, or friends, the value of the outfit of clothing given to him at enlistment must be checked against his account, and any indebtedness to the United States must be refunded. Parent* to be no- 5. Before discharging an apprentice under the provisions of this charge. 1 *** *" article, the captain shall, if practicable, notify his parents or guar- dian, and allow a reasonable time for means to be sent to defray the boy's expenses to his home. ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 187 Art. 844. Apprentices who are honorably discharged at the expiration of their ti( ^t M C ount e a enlistment shall, upon reSnlistment within three months from the continuous service, date of discharge, be entitled to all the benefits of continuous service for the period of service during minority. Art. 845. Boys while serving as apprentices in the Navy are entitled to the flt^^g^ u^r benefit of the naval pension law. Art. 886. As soon after enlistment as practicable, apprentices will be trans- Transfer of re- L -L- >. -XT A. i. 11 cruits to training f erred to the training station at Newport; and no apprentice shall stations, be retained at other stations for a longer period than one month. Commandants of other stations shall give notice to the commandant of the training station when drafts of apprentices are to be sent, in order that arrangements may be made to receive them. Art. 847. The commandant of the training station shall be charged with the Duties of corn- general superintendence and government of the station, and the care Sg'slation.*' t iu ~ of the grounds, buildings, and ships connected with it. Art. 848. All officers, instructors, and apprentices, attached to or temporarily AH officers and serving at the station shall be under his command. The officers shall airectioii nder hl " perform such duties of instruction and drill as he may assign them. Art. 849. He shall establish the course of instruction, the dietary, and the Commandant to routines of study and exercises at the station, subject to the approval f bl of the Bureau of Navigation. Art. 850. The commandant and the officers on duty at the training station Officers to be shall be borne on the books of the stationary training ship thereto O f stationary ships? attached. Art. 851. 1. Apprentices shall remain at the training station for a period of instruction of six months, during which they shall receive instruction in reading, writing, arithmetic, and the rudiments of the seaman's profession. At the termination of the poriod of instruction at the training station, they shall be transferred to the cruising training ships. 2. Should any apprentice be reported not qualified, from sickness or other cause, for transfer to a cruising training ship, he may, with the approval of the bureau, be retained for a further period of six months. Art. 852. The commandant shall appoint a permanent board, consisting of the Permanent board, line officer next in rank and the officers in charge of departments of 188 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. instruction, who shall scrutinize quarterly the record and relative merit of each apprentice, and recommend for discharge such appren- tices as show no aptitude for the service, or make no progress in in- struction, or whose example may be injurious to their companions, or whose habits unfit them for the service. Such apprentices shall be reported to the Bureau of Navigation for such action as may be deemed advisable. A boy found deficient, but considered worthy of further trial, may be continued if recommended by the board. The board shall also designate, when required, those apprentices who are found, upon examination, to be qualified for transfer to the cruising training ships. Art. 853. Use of tobacco Apprentices shall not be allowed to use tobacco in any form while serving at the training station or on board a stationary ship. Art. 854. Character of dis- The discipline on board the training ships must be enforced with firmness and consistency. Mild means may be employed at first, to be followed by severer measures if the former fail to correct offenses. Art. 855. Advancement in Deserving boys will be rated second-class apprentices after they ainfngBhip8 0ard 8na H have completed their tour of service in a cruising training ship. Art. 856. Service on cruis- The cruising training ships shall make a summer and a winter ing training ships. cruise, and no apprentice shall, except in cases of emergency, be transferred to the general service until he shall have made both cruises. Art. 857. Only half of the When practicable, one-half of the number of apprentices on board apprentices to be ... transferred at .'one the cruising training ships will be changed every six months. Ap- prentices who have made two cruises will, unless recommended for discharge, be transferred to ships of the general service. Art. 858. Kecommenda- 1. At the end of a cruise, the captain of each cruising training ship at end f0 o r f craise!^ s ha11 forward to the Bureau of Navigation a list of such apprentices who have made one cruise as should, in his opinion, be discharged for inaptitude. Bureau to be in- 2. He shall inform the bureau at the same time of the number of requiredfoflu^- apprentices that will be required to fill his complement after trans- piement. f ers an( j discharges. Art. 859. inspection of He shall pay careful attention to the sanitary conditions of his>com- prentices. ed * * P ~ mand, and make frequent inspections of the quantity and quality of the food issued to the apprentices. ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 189 Art. 860. He shall be responsible for the proper care and instruction of the Captain of cruis- , , . ing training ships apprentices under his command. responsible for The course of instruction begun at the training station shall be con- t^ * d re^'tu^T tinued progressively on board the cruising training ships, and the routine of exercises and the system of discipline for apprentices shall be based upon those in force at the training station. Art. 861. The regulations governing the behavior of apprentices, together Regulations of with the scale of punishments for various offenses, shall be posted in a conspicuous place on board of each training ship. Art. 862. When practicable, apprentices whose conduct warrants the indulg- Leave of absence ' at end of cruise. ence shall at the end of a cruise be granted a leave of absence not to exceed ten days, such leave to be granted only to those who are out of debt or who make a deposit to cover indebtedness. Art. 863. 1. A quarterly examination shall be held on board each cruising Quarterly exam- _, ination and ad- ship by a board composed of the executive officer, the navigator, and yancement in rat- the senior watch officer. They shall make a report of the result to ing ' the captain, and shall also recommend such advancements in rating as they deem proper, under the provisions of Art. 869. 2. The marks given by the quarterly board shall be entered in the Report of quar- terly board to be appropriate columns of the conduct book of apprentices. recorded in conduct book. Art. 864. The crews of the cruising training ships will be composed of men T . h ? crews of cruising training especially adapted for that particular service, as regards character, ships to be corn- intelligence, and professional qualifications. Whenever a cruising j^. training ship visits a naval station, the Bureau of Navigatidn may authorize the transfer to the receiving ship of persons reported by the captain as unsuitable for the training service, and shall require a careful selection to be made of persons to fill all vacancies. Art. 865. ,,..,..,, . .. , ., Status of appren- 1. On board cruising ships in the general service, apprentices shall tices on cruising form a part of the regular complement. service* general 2. When the number of apprentices available for transfer will per- TO take the place ^ A i_ >ii i. j j. -i j ^ T- i i -r> m vr * ' MX '* ofordinaryseamen. mit, they will be detailed to ships by the Bureau of Navigation in place of an equal number of ordinary seamen. 3. In such cases, whenever vacancies occur among the apprentices a^rentfcelmaybe- which can not be filled by others, they shall be filled by ordinary sea- filled by ordinary men until the regular complement is reestablished. Art. 866. 1. Apprentices in the general service shall be stationer 1 , in different Apprentices, how . ., . . ., . . .. , . , , , , stationed in cruis- parts of the ship, their stations being changed, as far as practicable, ing ships. 190 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. every three months in order to acquaint them with the working of all parts. Restrictions upon 3. They shall not be detailed for duty as messengers for a longer duties. ' * period than three months, nor shall they be detailed for duty in the fire room or as mess cooks, unless in case of necessity. .Art. 867. instruction to be The instruction of apprentices shall be continued in general cruis- contmued on cruis- ing ships. mg ships, as nearly as possible in conformity with the instruction on cruising training ships. Art. 868. Quarterly exam- Captains of ships having apprentices on board shall cause them to Inations on cruis- , ing ships. be examined quarterly under the conditions prescribed in Art. 863. The marks thus obtained shall be entered on the conduct book and enlistment records. Art. 869. Advancement in Properly qualified apprentices shall be rated apprentice first class, rating on cruising ... *T, ships in general after they shall have served one year in cruising ships of war. ervice. Art. 870. To be sent home Apprentices whose terms of enlistment expire abroad shall be sent eniistm P ent. ti the United States for discharge unless they desire to reenlist. Art. 871. Apprentice act- All orders and regulations in regard to the advancement in rating mg as bugierh. au( ^ t ^ e instruction of apprentices on board cruising ships, either of the training squadron or the general serwice, shall apply to appren- tices who may be performing the duty of bugler. SECTION 6. DESERTIONS. Art. 872. AH officers to Every endeavor shall be made by officers to check desertion and and C str d aggHng! n absence without leave, and to use all legal means to apprehend promptly all persons who may be guilty of either. Art. 873. Desertion and Absence without leave, with a manifest intention not to return, shall r^e nC d e ennel h Ut be regarded as desertion. Art. 874. Absence for ten Absence without leave, with a probability that the person does not intend to desert, shall at first be regarded as straggling, but at the end of ten days as desertion. Art. 875. Surrender after If a man deserts his ship which is about to sail, or overstays his leave p ' until after the ship sails, with manifest intention of escaping his duty, and delivers himself on board another ship as a straggler, such offense shall be considered as desertion. ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 191 Art. 876. The captain shall cause the proper entries of the facts, of which he Entries made by shall be the judge, to be made in the log and on the pay officer's books. by the captain - Art. 877. In case of desertion from duty* the date of desertion shall be the The date of de- date when the man leaves his duty. When the desertion is from leave, K the date of desertion shall be the date at which the leave expired. Art. 878. A reward not exceeding twenty dollars may be offered for the re- Amount of re- covery of a deserter, and one not exceeding ten dollars for the re- ward authorize d- covery of a straggler. The reward offered should not exceed what is necessary to secure the arrest, and in neither case shall it be paid until the man is delivered on board the ship to which he belongs or, if she has left the port, to the senior officer present. A reward paid for the apprehension and delivery of a deserter or straggler shall be checked against his account. Art. 879. In all cases in which th$ aid of the civil authorities is required, Aid of civil au- descriptive lists signed by the captain and stating the amount of the bending 8 abse^teet reward offered shall be sent to the headquarters of the police within the United States, and in foreign ports to the consul of the United States. Art. 880. The offer of a reward shall clearly state that the man must be de- Offer of rewards, livered on board a ship of the Navy in the port where the desertion occurred, and specify the time within which the delivery must take place. Art. 881. A reward for the apprehension of an officer shall not be offered un- Reward for ap- less specially authorized by the Department, or on a foreign station ce^not'tf ^Vof- by the commander in chief. fered - Art. 882. In addition to the reward authorized, such expenses as have been Extra expenses fairly incurred for lodging, subsistence, and travel of the deserter or may be paiJ ' straggler may in special cases be paid and checked against his ac- count, but no claim for loss of time or for subsistence of any person apprehending or delivering such deserter or straggler shall be enter- tained. Art. 883. The checkage of rewards paid shall not be regarded as any part of Checkage of re- . , i> i_ i i. i_i wardsnotapunish- the punishment to which a deserter or straggler is liable. men t. Art. 884. The letter "R" marked against a person's name on the ship's books Removal of deser- signifies desertion, and no application for its removal will be enter- 192 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. talned until the Navy Department is furnished with sufficient evi- dence that there was no intention to desert. But the captain of the ship may cause the removal of the mark of desertion at any time be- fore the end of -the current quarter, upon being satisfied that the entry is incorrect. Art. 885. Reports of deser- Before sailing from a port in the United States, the captain shall "' forward to the commandant of the nearest naval station a report of deserters and men absent without leave, containing their descriptive lists and a statement of rewards offered. The enlistment records of persons that have been declared deserters shall be forwarded to the Navy Department, and shall contain the following information: Date of desertion, place, attendant circumstances, and state of account. Art. 886. stragglers and Captains of cruising ships at naval stations within the United States deserters may be received only on shall in no case receive on board stragglers or deserters from other ships! r< 1Dg ships. Such persons shall be received on board receiving ships, and notice thereof shall be sent immediately to the Navy Department. Art. 887. Persons s epa- jf any person in the Navy becomes unavoidably separated from his rated from their ship to join the ship by reason of shipwreck or any other circumstance except capture nearest command. ^ y &n enemVj ft shall be his duty to proceed at once to the nearest ship, squadron, or station and report himself to the officer in command. In the event of failure to do this he will be regarded as a deserter, and no claim for wages will be allowed unless he shall prove to the satisfaction of the Department that he was prevented by circumstances beyond his control. Art. 888. Persons desert- If a deserter from a ship of the Navy in a foreign port takes refuge man-of-war. re ' gn on board a foreign ship of war of a nationality other than that of the port, the senior officer present shall make a formal request for his delivery to the senior naval officer present of the nation to which said foreign ship belongs. Should the request not be complied with, he shall report the case and circumstances immediately to the Navy Department. Art. 889. Extradition of If any person belonging to the Navy charged with crime shall Navy changed with desert in the waters of any foreign state between which and the crime. United States a treaty of extradition for the apprehension and delivery of persons charged with crime exists, the senior officer present shall take measures for his recovery in accordance with the provisions of such treaty. Art. 890. Force not to be In no case shall force be used to recover deserters within foreign used within foreign . , ,. . , , , . , . jurisdiction. territorial limits or on board foreign ships. ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 193 Art. 891. Every person who deserts from the naval service of the United r^^ States is deemed to have voluntarily relinquished and forfeited his ship, rights of citizenship, as well as his right to become a citizen ; and such deserters shall be forever incapable of holding any office of trust or profit under the United States, or of exercising any rights of citizens thereof. Art. 892. Every person who entices or aids any person in the naval service to Penalties for desert, or who harbors or conceals any such person knowing him to harboring deser- be a deserter, or who refuses to give up such person on the demand ters * of any officer authorized to receive him, is liable to punishment by imprisonment and fine, to be enforced in any court of the United States having jurisdiction. SECTION 7. REWARDS AND PRIVILEGES. Art. 893. Enlisted men distinguishing themselves in battle, or by extraor- Advancement of dinary heroism in the line of their profession, may be promoted to 005^. to warrant warrant officers, if found fitted, upon the recommendation of their commanding officer approved by the flag officer and the Secretary of the Navy. And upon such recommendation they shall receive a gratuity of one hundred dollars and a medal of honor prepared under the direction of the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 894. Any enlisted person in the Navy or Marine Corps may receive a Medals of honor, medal of honor for an act of extraordinary heroism and gallantry per- formed in the line of his profession, upon recommendation of his captain or commanding officer, approved by the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 895. Any person in the naval service who shall within the United States Life-saving med- or on board any American vessel endanger his own life in saving or als " endeavoring to save the lives of others from the perils of the sea, is entitled to receive from the Government a life-saving medal as fol- lows: 1. There are two classes of medals: 2. The medal of the first class is given only in cases of extreme and heroic daring. 3. The medal of the second class is given in cases not sufficiently distinguished to deserve the medal of the first class. 4. No award of either medal will be made to any person until sufficient evidence of his deserving shall have been presented to the Secretary of the Treasury through the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 896. 1. All acts of heroism and gallantry referred to in Arts. 893 to 895 Special reports to shall be promptly reported to the Secretary of the Navy. guished e conduct. n " 13448-18 194 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 2. These reports must carefully and fully set forth all the attending circumstances, in order that the degree of reward may be made com- mensurate with the daring displayed. Art. 897. medals " C nduct *' ^ n ^ man sery i n ff under a continuous-service certificate shall, at the expiration of his second term of enlistment, upon the recommend- ation of his captain, receive a good-conduct medal. 2. Captains shall recommend for good-conduct medals only those who are distinguished for obedience, sobriety, industry, courage, neat- ness, and proficiency. 3. A person who has received one medal will, if subsequently recom- mended, be given a clasp, with the name of the ship in which he last served engraved thereon. 4. Medals and clasps will be supplied by]the Bureau of Navigation. 5. Clasps shall be worn above the medal on the same ribbon. 6. Good conduct medals are given in recognition of good behavior and faithful service, and no person shall be deprived of them or of the advantages attached to them except by a sentence of a general court-martial. The captain may, however, forbid the wearing of medals by any person undergoing punishment or restriction of privi- leges. Art. 898. Crews of station- i. The crews of the receiving and stationary ships will be composed, ary ships to be se- lected from men of as far as practicable, of men that have served twenty years at general v " service in the Navy, and preference will be given to those that have served under continuous-service certificates. TO receive all 2. Such persons while serving on board of receiving and stationary benefits of contin- . uous service, etc. ships shall receive all the benefits of honorable discharge and con- tinuous service. Art. 899. Homes on board 1. Any person receiving an honorable discharge from the naval ! sery i ce shall be permitted to elect a home on board any receiving ship as long as his conduct is such as to warrant that privilege, during any portion of the three months granted by law as the limit of time within which to receive the pecuniary benefit of such discharge. 2. Application for entry on board a receiving ship under this arti- cle must be made to the commandant of the station to which the re- ceiving ship is attached. Every person so received shall be allowed one ration, which shall not be commuted, but he shall not be entitled to pay except as provided upon re6nlistment. 4. Separate muster rolls shall be made of persons availing them- selves of this privilege, and they shall not be received until they have signed an agreement to conform in all respects to the laws and regu- lations of the Navy and to the rules and discipline of the ship. 5. All persons received on board a receiving ship under the provi- sions of this article shall be required to wear their uniform while on ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 195 board the ship. They shall not be called upon to take part in drills nor to perform any labor, except to help in the usual morning watch work, cleaning the part of the ship in which they live. They shall be granted by the captain such leaves of absence as they may desire. Art. 900. 1. The enlisted men of every ship of the Navy shall be arranged, Conduct cium. according to conduct and without regard to rating, in four classes, viz : first, second, third, fourth. 2. When the crew is first received on board the captain shall assign the men to conduct classes upon any available information as to pre- vious service and character, such as the possession of good conduct medals, honorable discharges, or continuous-service certificates, and the record of conduct since enlistment. He shall, however, give to the men the benefit of any doubt, and enable them to begin their new association under as favorable conditions as possible. 8. At the end of each month those whose conduct warrants it shall be advanced not more than one class, until they shall have reached the first class; but reduction in class may be made at any time, when justified by misconduct, and shall not be limited to one class. 4. The captain shall cause to be published each month a list of the crew arranged in conduct classes showing the date upon which every person who has been reduced in class may be entitled, by good con- duct, to advancement. 5. When any person shall be reduced in rating, or otherwise pun- ished for bad conduct, it will involve his being transferred to a lower conduct class at the discretion of the captain. 6. The granting of liberty on shore and other privileges and the issue of monthly money will depend upon the conduct class, and the captain shall establish rules defining the privileges or restrictions for each class. 7. The requisite qualifications for first-class conduct men are strict attention to duty, implicit and ready obedience, sobriety, alacrity, courageous conduct, neatness of person and of dress, quick and re- spectful demeanor, and general usefulness in their respective ratings. From these at the end of six months shall be formed a special class of men upon whom special reliance may be placed. Second, third, and fourth class conduct men shall be graded accord- ing to the evidence which they give of the possession of the above qualities or any of them, in a greater or less degree. 8. First-class conduct men shall be allowed every indulgence com- patible with the demands of duty and with the exigencies of the service; and in respect to privileges a clear distinction should be made between them and the rest of the crew. Special privileges shall be allowed the special class when it is possible to extend these to a small number and not possible to extend them to all of the first class. 196 T7. S. XAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 901. thegranting of * ^ n l ess the exigencies of the service or the unhealthiness of the- liberty. port prevent giving liberty to the crew, no person shall be deprived of liberty on shore for more than three months except he is confined by sentence of court-martial, or under arrest for trial by court-martial, or his conduct when ashore is of such a character as to bring discredit upon the service. Art 902. Keetriction as to The captain shall not permit money to be paid to the crew at sea, monthly money, nor until the necessary duties are performed after anchoring in port. Art. 903. Medals to be Good conduct and other medals shall, when practicable, be pre- given publicly. .. , .. , , . , _ sented by the captain at a general or special muster of the officers and crew. Art. 904. Conduct booki. i. The captain shall cause a conduct book to be kept by the execu- tive officer in which each member of the crew shall receive quarter marks for conduct, proficiency in rating, and marksmanship, accord- ing to the instructions issued by the Navy Department. Separate conduct , , ,, , , book for appren- 2. Separate conduct books shall be kept for apprentices. tic conduct books to 8. At the expiration of a cruise the conduct books shall be for- Depart " warded to the Navy Department. SECTION 8. MESSES. Art. 90S. Messes to be or- The executive officer shall arrange the petty officers and crew in ve'office? * * messes, according to the customs of the service, having in view the space available for accommodating each mess, and shall assign to each a cook. Art. 906. General arrange- The petty officers and men of the crew shall de divided into messes sses ' in the following manner : Petty officers of the chief, first and second classes, shall be messed separately from the remainder of the crew. The petty officers of the third class and the men shall be divided into messes of equal size, in accordance with their arrangement in divi- sions. Art. 907. Mess cooks. The mess cooks shall be selected only from men of the lowest rat- ings except in cases of absolute necessity. Apprentices shall not be detailed for that duty, unless temporarily and in case of necessity. Petty officers shall not be required to perform the duty of mess cooks. Art. 908. Messing and Boys may be distributed among the messes, but apprentices should berthing of boys. ^ berthed in their parts of the ship, near a responsible petty officer- ENLISTMENTS, DISCHARGES, ETC. 197 Art. 909. The caterer or cook of each mess shall be responsible for the safe, Responsibility of ,. x caterers of meases. keeping and proper expenditure of mess money confided to his care by the members of the mess. CHAPTEE XXL MARINES. SECTION 1. GENERAL, REGULATIONS. Art. 910. "The Marine Corps shall, at all times, be subject to the laws and regulations established for the government of the Navy, except when detached for service with the Army by order of the President; and when so detached they shall be subject to the rules and articles of war prescribed for the government of the Army". " No officer of the Marine Corps shall exercise command over any navy yard or vessel of the United States". COMMANDANT OF THE CORPS. Art. 911. The commandant shall be stationed at headquarters of the Marine Where stationed. Corps, Washington, D. C. Art. 912. He shall be responsible to the Secretary of the Navy for the general Responsibility , ,. . , . ,. ,, for efficiency and efficiency and discipline of the corps. discipline of corps. Art. 913. He shall, under the direction of the Secretary of the Navy, issue issue of orders, such orders for the movement of officers and troops, and such general orders and instructions for their guidance as may, from time to time, be necessary. Art. 914. In the absence of the commandant on duty or leave, or by reason of issue of orders in sickness, disability, retirement, or death, the business of his office shall se^ c andant ' s * b " be conducted by the adjutant and inspector, who shall sign, with his actual rank and as acting commandant, all official papers, including the approval of vouchers for the payment of public money. Art. 915. The commandant shall exercise general supervision and control Recruiting Mi- over the recruiting service of the corps, and over the necessary ex- V1 penses thereof, including the establishment of recruiting offices, and shall, from time to time, according to the necessities of the service, detail officers and men therefor. (199) 200 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art 916. Supervision of For the purpose of securing an economical administration in the estimates and ex- j . , e .-, . 1.1.11 penditures. details of the service, he shall exercise a general supervision over all expenditures and supplies needed for the maintenance or connected with the management of the corps. It shall be his duty to see that all estimates of appropriations, required for the support and employ- ment of the corps, are based upon proper considerations and made for legal objects. Art. 917. Approrai of bin*. T ne approval by him of bills of expenses when such approval will, by existing instructions of the Treasury or Navy Department, author- ize the payment of money, is to have the force of an order for such payment, and is always to be accompanied by the date of the approval, and the sum for which the amount is approved, written in words at length. Art 918. Distribution of T ne commandant of the corps shall make such distribution of of- officers and men. fleers and men, for duty at the several shore stations, as shall appear to him to be most advantageous for the interests of the service, and shall from time to time, when required by the Department, furnish guards for vessels of the Navy, according to the authorized scale of allowance. He shall also, upon proper application, cause vacancies in such guards to be filled, and shall direct the necessary transfers of officers and men for that purpose. Art 919. iitedme rge f en Enlisted men of the corps, serving within the United States, shall be discharged by order of the commandant on expiration of their term of enlistment, or in pursuance of the sentence of a general or summary court-martial, or by reason of unfltness for service from causes properly ascertained. Cases of discharge which involve for- feiture of retained pay shall be referred to the Department for its action. Special discharges shall not be issued by the commandant except in cases of urgent necessity, and when such discharges will not, in his opinion, be prejudicial to the interests of the service. On foreign stations marines may be reenlisted, but not received for first enlistment. Art. 920. Marine band. The marine band shall be stationed at headquarters, and shall be under the immediate control and direction of the commandant of the corps. Art. 921. Return of desert- The commandant of the corps shall, when practicable, in the case of deserters apprehended or surrendering themselves at stations within the limits of the United States, order their return to the vessels from whence they deserted, and cause the expenses attending their return to be charged against their accounts. MARINES. 201 Art. 922. The commandant of the corps shall make to the Secretary of the Monthly returns. Navy a monthly return of the strength of the corps, and the disposi- tion of the officers and men. Art 923. He shall, under orders from the Secretary of the Navy, make visits Annual inspec- of inspection to the various stations of the corps at such times as he tlons - may deem proper in the interests of the service. Art. 924. He shall report annually to the Secretary of the Navy the condition Annual report to and wants of the corps, together with the necessary estimates, in du- Nary. plicate, of appropriations required for its support. Art. 925. Officers of the Marine Corps shall acknowledge the receipt of all Receipt of orders orders from headquarters and promptly inform the commandant of dresa. rep r the corps that they have reported in obedience thereto. Officers of the Marine Corps on leave of absence or on the retired, list shall report to the adjutant and inspector their address and any change of residence. Art. 926. Badges for marksmanship or good conduct may be bestowed upon Marksmanship the enlisted men by the commandant of the corps, under such rules or conduct badges. as may be established, with the approval of the Secretary of the Navy. THE STAFF. Art. 927. ' The officers composing the staff of the corps are under the imme- Command and diate command of the commandant, and shall perform their duties dl under his direction. THE ADJUTANT AND INSPECTOR. Art. 928. 1. The adjutant and inspector shall be stationed at headquarters Adjutant and in- United States Marine Corps. 2. He shall keep a roster of all officers and enlisted men of the Boater, returns, corps, and make a monthly return of the same to the commandant. and inspections. When ordered by the commandant, he shall inspect the different posts of the corps and money accounts of the disbursing officers, and report in writing the result of his inspection. 3. Blank forms of muster rolls and other returns made to this office Blank forms, shall be furnished upon requisition made to the adjutant and inspec- tor, forwarded through the proper channels. 4. The office of the adjutant and inspector is the repository of the Repository of reo- records of the marine corps which relate to its personnel, and to the ord9 ' military history of every commissioned officer and enlisted man. It 202 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. also contains the records of all appointments, promotions, resigna- tions, deaths, and other casualties, and furnishes necessary informa- tion on these points for the annual Navy Register, and other purposes. Blank forms. 5. Rules for keeping the principal record books, forms for making rolls, returns, etc., will be furnished the proper officers on applica- tion to the adjutant and inspector. THE QUARTERMASTEB. Art. 929. Station. * The quartermaster shall be stationed at headquarters United States Marine Corps. Purchase of sup- 2. It shall be his duty, under 'the direction of the commandant, to rtores, an means of purchase and distribute to the Marine Corps all military stores, cloth- transportation. j n g ? ra tions, and supplies requisite for its use ; to furnish means of transportation for the Marine Corps, its military stores and supplies ; to erect and repair public buildings, authorized by law, and to pay all incidental expenses of the Marine Corps. Money account 3. He shall transmit to the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury, quarterly. to Fourth Auditor. an account current embracing all receipts and expenditures of funds for the above purposes, accompanied by all vouchers necessary to sub- stantiate the accounts. Contracts for 4. It is the duty of the quartermaster to invite proposals annually for supplies for the Marine Corps, and to prepare and make contracts for the same, in accordance with law, under the direction of the Sec- retary of the Navy. Quartern, bar- 5. The quarters, barracks, and other public buildings provided for tmiWinga! d Other the use f officers and enlisted men of the Marine Corps, are under the direction of the quartermaster of the corps, and he shall make an annual inspection of such buildings, and of all other public property, under the special direction of the commandant of the corps, reporting to the latter, in writing, the condition of said buildings and property, with recommendations as to changes and needed repairs, and an esti- mated cost thereof. . Kesponeibiiity 6. Every officer, noncommissioned officer, or other person who or public property. rece ^ veg property belonging to the Marine Corps is responsible and will be held strictly accountable for its proper care and preservation, rendering quarterly accounts of such property, with all necessary vouchers, to the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts of the Navy De- partment, and to the quartermaster of the corps ; and also of ordnance and ordnance stores to the Bureau of Ordnance, Navy Department. He shall also make quarterly returns to the chief of ordnance, United States Army, of arms belonging to the War Department in his charge. ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS. Art. 930. Dntiee of assist- The assistant quartermaster at Philadelphia shall, under the direc- lt Pw"adetphtef er tion of the quartermaster, be charged with the manufacture and MARINES. 20& issue of clothing for the enlisted men of the corps. Requisitions from officers and noncommissioned officers for clothing shall be sent' through the regular channels direct to the assistant quartermaster at Philadelphia. Art. 931. An assistant quartermaster when on duty at headquarters shall. Duties of aSstant , A , ,.,...., , , , j.- ., ,. quartermaster at under the direction of the quartermaster, be charged with the care oi Washington, the arms, accoutrements, ordnance stores, stationery, books, blanks, furniture, and other property (except buildings) at headquarters. Copies of all returns thereof (in duplicate), and reports, surveys, etc., relating to arms, accoutrements, and ordnance stores, shall be for- warded to him. Requisitions for stationery, books, and blanks shall be forwarded through the regular official channel to the assistant quartermaster stationed at headquarters. THE PAYMASTER. Art. 932. 1. The paymaster shall be stationed at headquarters United States station. Marine Corps. 2. He shall, under the direction of the commandant, receive and Duties, expend the funds for the pay of the Marine Corps. 8. He shall pay officers monthly. Payments. 4. He shall make monthly payments in person to the troops at such posts as may be designated by the commandant. At all others the troops shall be paid by individual checks. 5. When ordered to make payments to troops at other stations than Pay master's clerk, Washington he may be accompanied by his clerk, when authorized by the commandant. 6. He shall transmit, quarterly, to the Fourth Auditor of the Money account Treasury an. account current, embracing the funds with which he is c charged, accompanied with all vouchers necessary to substantiate the account. SECTION 2. SERVICE ON SHORE. MARINES AT NAVY YARDS AND MARINE BARRACKS. Art. 933. The commanding officer of marines at a navy yard or marine bar- Responsibility for i i_ 11 -L. -i-i j.\- j- i j ixs e -L- discipline and effi- racks shall be responsible for the discipline and efficiency of his ciency of command, command. Art. 934. The commanding officer of marines at a navy yard or marine barracks Authority of corn- is vested by law with the same authority for the purpose of enforcing mandin 8 officer, discipline among the officers and men under his command as that which rests, for similar purposes, in the commander of a vessel. 204 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 935. Posting sentinels. He shall cause such sentinels to be posted as may be directed by *orcL rep01 >f the commandant of the station and report to him daily the number and disposition of the force under his command. Art. 936. Countersign. Unless the commandant of the station thinks proper to issue the coun- tersign himself, the commanding officer shall transmit it every morn- ing in writing and under seal for the ensuing night to the commandant and to such other officers, and such only, as the commandant may designate. Art. 937. Police and gor- The police and government of marines when in barracks, within or tn'b&rracksT' 1 M without a navy yard, shall be under the direction of the commanding officer of marines, but must not conflict with the general police regu- lations of the commandant of the station. Art. 938. Granting liberty. Customary liberty to noncommissioned officers, musicians, and pri- vates shall be granted by the commanding officer of marines. Art. 939. Pay checked when The pay of any enlisted man absent from his command without feavef * leave, or after his leave has expired, shall be checked against his account for the time he is so absent. Art 940. instruction of 1. Th'e commanding officer of marines is responsible for the instruc- oommand. ^ QQ Q j n ^ g comman( j. He shall assemble the officers for theoretical instruction as often as he may deem necessary, and when he is un- able to attend to this duty in person it shall devolve upon the officer next in rank. The theoretical instruction of officers shall embrace all the movements in the tactics, the manual of exercise of great guns, rapid fire, and machine guns, signals and any other prescribed drills, and all regulations relating to their duties as officers. 2. He shall cause the noncommissioned officers of his command to be thoroughly instructed in the prescribed drill regulations for in- fantry and field artillery, in the navy signal drill instructions, in rifle firing, and any other drills and instructions authorized from time to time. Art. 941. Battalion drill; The officers and enlisted men of the command shall, if practicable, ^erciae at guns. be exercised eacn week in the "School of the Battalion" and at the great guns, rapid fire, and machine guns. Art. 942. Weekly inspection He shall have full dress inspection on Monday of each week, and of marines. dress parade daily, when the weather and other circumstances will permit, except Saturdays and Sundays. MARINES. 205- Art. 943. At least once in each week the men's quarters, arms and accoutre- weekly sanitary ments, and the guardroom, cells, prison and grounds, shall be in- m8 P ction - spected in person by the commanding officer of marines, who shall make a thorough examination, and assure himself that all military, police, and sanitary regulations in force are properly observed, and that all prisoners, including those in confinement under sentence of Court-martial prisoners. court-martial, are properly cared for. Art. 944. When practicable, he shall assign a room in barracks, to be known "Orderly room." as the "orderly room," for the use of noncommissioned officers. Art. 945. He shall keep in his office a file of all orders and circulars relating Pne of genpra i to his command, and shall cause all general orders affecting the orders - officers and enlisted men to be published at the first parade following the receipt of such orders. Art. 946. He shall cause the Articles for the Government of the Navy, the Articles of war Articles of War, and the police and other regulations of the com- Sif " 06 regula " mand to be read to the troops at least once in each month. Art. 947. When ordered to detail a detachment for service on board ship, he Selection of men- shall carefully select men of good character for such duty, and shall for *** BerTice< make such selection without unnecessary delay, in order that they may have time for preparation. Men having less than three years to serve shall not be detailed for duty on board a vessel destined to a foreign station, nor, except in cases of emergency, shall recruits be detailed for service afloat. Art. 948. In order that a fair proportion of sea service may be performed by Details to be gov- enlisted men during each term of enlistment, commanding officers of er ? ed by e< J uitable marines, when making details for guards or transferring men to ves- sels to fill vacancies, shall select well-drilled soldiers who have never served at sea, or men who have had a tour of shore service, in pref- erence to men who have already been at sea a full cruise during their existing enlistment, or had but recently returned before the expira- tion of their previous enlistment. Men who have never served at sea shall not be retained more than one year, and no enlisted man of the corps shall remain more than two years, continuously, on board a re- ceiving ship. No marine shall be transferred from a shore station to a seagoing ship for duty without a complete outfit of uniform. Art. 949. The commanding officer of marines shall not detail privates for PriTates not to- duty as corporals, nor corporals for duty as sergeants, prior to their j^rtjsfnor examination for promotion, for longer periods than one month, and he als M ser s e nte - 206 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. shall be careful to select for such examinations men of good character and with a good record. Art. 950. Reduction and Noncommissioned officers of the Marine Corps, serving on shore in coSsdoned 5 "offi- the United States, shall not be reduced, except with the approval of the cera - commandant of the corps, or by the sentence of a court-martial; and no enlisted man serving on shore shall be promoted to be a noncom- missioned officer, except upon the recommendation of the commanding officer of marines, and the report of a board of two officers of the marine corps, to be ordered by the commandant of the station, whose report shall be forwarded to the commandant of the corps. Upon approving the report, the commandant of the corps shall issue a warrant. Art. 951. Examination for The requirements for the different grades of noncommissioned offi- porSsorwr^ante" cers sha11 be regulated by the commandant of the corps, with the approval of the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 952. System of re- 1. The commanding officer of marines shall arrange the enlisted tlon^of e'nTu't^d men * h * s command in the order of good conduct, in four classes, men. viz: first, second, third, and fourth. 2. When such classification is first made, preference shall be given to men with good records and of long standing in the service, and such changes in classification shall, from time to time, be made as may be warranted by the conduct of the men. Art. 953. First-class con- First-class conduct men shall be granted every privilege consistent with discipline and the demands of duty. From them shall be formed a special class of men upon whom full reliance may be placed. For men in lower classes such restrictions shall be established by the commanding officer as he may deem proper. Art. 954. Punishments. The punishment for offenses committed by persons belonging to the marine corps is to be inflicted in accordance with the provisions of the Articles for the Government of the Navy. The limitations pre- scribed by Arts. 24 and 25 must be strictly observed by commanding officers of marines, and under no circumstances shall an offender be placed on guard, or required to perform extra guard duty, as a pun- ishment. For the trial of offenses which the commanding officer of marines may deem deserving of greater punishment than he is author- ized to inflict under the provisions of Art. 24, but not sufficient to require trial by general court-martial, he may order a summary court martial, in pursuance of Art. 26. Offenses which, in his opinion, re- quire the trial of the offender by a general court-martial shall be reported by him to the commandant of the station for his action. MARINES. 207 Art. 955. 1. The commanding officer of marines shall cause to be kept a reg- Register of pnu- ister of all punishments inflicted by him, and transmit a monthly report thereof to the commandant of the corps. 2. Punishments inflicted upon commissioned officers shall be re- Punishments of commissioned offi- ported without delay to the commandant of the station. cars. Art. 956. The commanding officer of marines shall include, in his daily re- Daily report to port to the commandant of the station, a list of punishments inflicted, e t n. andant0f and the names of men dropped from the rolls, or apprehended, or who have surrendered as deserters, within the preceding twenty-four hours. Art. 957. He shall recommend to the commandant of the corps the discharge of Discharge of men enlisted men properly ascertained to be "unfit for the service." He j fit for the senr ' shall, in all cases, indorse upon the discharge the character of the person discharged, and, in the case of deserters, the date or dates of desertion. Art. 958. On the first day of each month, he shall forward, through the proper Monthly muster channel, to the adjutant and inspector of the corps, a. muster roll of rolls - his command, on which shall be entered all leaves of absence granted, by any authority, to officers of the command during the preceding month. The muster roll shall be free from erasures or interlineations, and shall contain in the column of remarks such information regard- ing the conduct and military history of enlisted men as the comman- dant of the corps may direct. Art. 959. The regulations for the recruiting service of the Army shall be Recruiting serr- applied to the recruiting service of the marine corps as far as ice ' practicable. Art. 960. No person shall be enlisted or reenlisted in the corps except as a Enlistments and private, drummer, fifer, or apprentice. Upon the re6nlistment of a reenlistmeilt8 - person who, at the time of his discharge, held a warrant as a non- commissioned officer, his warrant shall be forwarded to the com- mandant of the corps for indorsement. Art. 961. The commanding officer of marines shall be the recruiting officer Descriptive list* of his command, and his name shall appear as such on the enlistment papers and in the descriptive list, which list must be signed by him, and on which must be stated, under the head of remarks, the date and place of enlistment of the recruit. 208 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 962. Transfer deecrip- When men are transferred from his command, he shall forward with their returns a transfer descriptive list of each man, signed by himself and the senior medical officer of the station. Descriptive lists shall under the head of remarks contain the dates of promotions, reductions, and the reasons therefor, with such other information concerning the military history of the men as may be known to the commanding officer. Art. 963. Arrest or sur- When a deserter is apprehended or surrenders himself, the corn- render of deserters. man( jj n g officer of marines shall immediately report the fact through the proper channel to the commandant of the corps, and also to the commandant of the station to which the deserter belongs. Art. 964. Authority of The marine detachment serving within a navy yard shall be subject conMiiandant of to the orders of the commandant of the station, but no part of the elation. detachment shall be relieved or withdrawn, except by the order of the commandant of the corps approved by the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 965. Deficiencies in Deficiencies in the complement of marines on board ships on the ent f eve of sailin g mav > bv tne order of the commandant of the station, be supplied by the commanding officer of marines, who shall, without delay, report the circumstances to the commandant of the corps. A similar report shall also be made to the Navy Department by the commandant of the station. Art. 966. Transfer of offi- When an officer of the Marine Corps is ordered to relieve another cers. in command of the marines within a navy yard or station, he shall report himself, on his arrival, to the commandant of the station. Marine officers ordered to duty at a naval station shall report first to the commandant of the station, and then to the commanding officer of marines. Exercises forma- The exerc i se an( l formation of marines at parades, reviews, inspec- tion, camp and tions, escorts, guard mounting, funerals, and salutes shall be the same as those prescribed for the Navy. Duties of sentinels and internal regulations for camp and garrison duties shall be the same as those prescribed for the Army. Art. 967. Charge of arms The line officer next in rank to the commanding officer shall, in accouterments and addition to his other duties at the station, have charge of and be responsible for the arms, accoutrements, and clothing furnished for the command. He shall be allowed a competent enlisted man to assist him in these duties. MARINES. 209 Art. 968. Officers serving with detachments shall assist their commanding Preparation of officers in making out rolls, reports, and returns, keeping the books rc P rt8 - of detachments, attending to issues, and in all other matters con- nected with the welfare of the command. Art. 969. At each station a commissioned officer of the command shall be officer of the day. detailed daily by the commanding officer of marines for duty as officer of the day. The duties of officer of the day shall be conducted in accordance with instructions and regulations established for the Army. Art. 970. The officer of the day shall visit the guards and the sentinels at TO visit the such times, during his tour of duty, as may be prescribed by the s * Army Regulations. Art. 971. The officer of the day shall attend all roll calls, and shall inspect Roil calls and mese formations. the men at all mess formations. Art. 972. The grounds, quarters, kitchen, bake house, mess room, cells, and sinks shall be thoroughly inspected by the officer of the day at the hour designated by the commanding officer of marines. Art. 973. The officer of the day shall inspect the provisions issued, and shall inspection of report to the commanding officer if they are not of good quality. He '" shall also inspect the meals to see that the rations are properly cooked and served. Art. 974. In case of fire at the station, the officer of the day shall immedi- Long roil in case ately have the long roll sounded, and inform the commandant of the Ol station and the commanding officer of marines, and carry out the fire regulations of the station. Art. 975. Officers and marines in garrison shall wear the prescribed uniform. Uniform. Art. 976. The uniform of the day, which shall be designated by the com- Uniform of the manding officer of marines, shall be strictly adhered to by the officers ay ' and men of the command. Art. 977. "When marines are transferred from one station to another, the Transfer of ma- officer transferring them shall at the same time forward their returns to the officer to whom they are transferred. 1344814 210 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 978. Forwarding offi- All official communications to and from officers and enlisted men cial communica- ., . ... , ,, , ,. tions. of the corps, serving at shore stations, shall be forwarded through the commanding officer of marines and the commandant of the station. Art. 979. Applications for &[\ communications relating to details of officers, applications for leave of absence and furloughs. leaves of absence for officers and furloughs for enlisted men, exceed- ing seven days, or for the extension thereof, and applications for orders, or for the revocation of orders, must be addressed to the com- mandant of the corps, and forwarded through the proper channel. Art. 980. Communications ^11 official communications between staff officers of the corps and from officers and taff officers. other officers, except letters containing money or checks, shall be forwarded through the commandant of the corps. All official com- munications from staff officers of the corps, except letters containing money or checks, shall also be forwarded through the commandant of the corps. Art. 981. Battalion drill to In order that all marines at a station may be instructed and exer- include guards of . , . , , ,, , , .. , . . , . receiving ship, and cised in the school ot the battalion, the guards of receiving ships and otaers - of vessels temporarily at a navy yard shall, under the direction of the commandant of the station, be landed for the purpose of receiving such instruction and exercise in conjunction with the marines at the barracks, under the commanding officer of marines. Art. 982. Subordinate of- For the purpose of instruction, the commanding officer of marines ficers in temporary ,. ,. ... , , ,. , . . . . charge of battai- may, at his discretion and under his personal supervision only, place ion - subordinate officers, without regard to rank, temporarily in charge of the battalion at battalion drill. Art. 983. Exercise at great Officers and enlisted men shall, when practicable, be exercised at tice. great guns, rapid firing, and machine guns. They shall also be fre- quently exercised at target practice, and in the use of the signal code of the Navy. Monthly reports of all drills and exercises shall be made through the commandant of the station to the commandant of the corps. Art. 984. Payment of en- Enlisted men of the marine corps serving at navy yards or barracks shall be paid monthly. No officer shall, under any circumstances, employ an enlisted man as a servant. COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION. Art. 985. Post council of A post council of administration shall be convened by the com- admiimtratiou. manding officer of marines, whenever he deems it necessary, and at least once in everv two months. MARINES. 211 Art. 986. 1. The council of administration shall be convened as provided in Proceed! ngt of the United States Army Kegulations, shall be for the objects stated C( therein, and shall be conducted in accordance therewith. (Par. 279, 280, 281, 282, 284, 288, 289, 290, United States Army Regulations, 1889.) 2. Councils of administration are assembled to audit the bakery and company funds; to ascertain and examine the sources from which, and methods by which, they have accrued, and to recommend expenditures therefrom. Post councils are also called to deliberate upon and rec- ommend action, within the limits allowed by regulations, upon such subjects affecting the welfare and economy of the post as commanding officers may submit to them for that purpose. The post council shall consist of the three officers on duty at the post next in rank to the commanding officer. If there are not on duty at a post three officers junior in rank to the commanding officer, the council shall consist of the number so present. If only the commanding officer is present, he himself shall act. 3. The junior member of the council of administration shall record its proceedings in a book to be kept for that purpose, which he will submit to the commanding officer. Should the latter disapprove the conclusions, and the council, after reconsideration, adhere to them, a copy of the entire proceedings shall be sent by the commanding officer to the commandant of the corps, whose decisions thereon, upon all questions not involving pecuniary responsibility, shall be final. Upon questions involving pecuniary responsibility, appeal may be taken to the Secretary of the Navy. 4. The proceedings of a post council shall be signed by the presi- dent and the recorder. The recorder, after entering them with the final orders thereon in the council book, shall deposit the book with the commanding officer. The approval or objections of the officer ordering the council shall be signed by his own hand. 5. The post council shall prescribe the quantity and kind of goods and merchandise which the post trader shall be required to keep on hand to meet the wants and necessities of the command; shall inspect his books, papers, weights, and measures; shall fix the tariff of prices of goods, and shall determine the tax to be levied, as provided in par- agraph 353, United States Army Regulations, 1889. It shall fix the laundry charges, the prices which tradesmen shall receive for making and repairing the uniforms of enlisted men, and, when directed, shall submit regulations for the post school. 6. The commanding officer who approves the appropriations of a post council shall be held responsible for all expenditures not made in accordance with the regulations. 7. The purchase from bakery or company fund of any article which can be obtained on requisition from the quartermaster's department is forbidden. 212 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 8. In case of loss of bakery or company fund, the circumstances ehall be carefully investigated by a post council of administration,, and reported with an opinion as to responsibility,, through the proper channels, to the commandant of the corps for decision. Art. 987. BAKERY FUND. Bakery fund. 1. At posts where fresh vegetables in adequate quantities can be readily obtained, a loaf of bread weighing eighteen ounces will gen- erally be a sufficient allowance per man; but the weight may be in- creased, within the limit of the flour ration, at the discretion of the commanding officer, upon the recommendation of the post council of administration. The saving on the flour ration, ordinarily thirty-three per cent, shall be disposed of by the post treasurer for the benefit of the troops. Bread may be baked from it for sale to. civilian employe's- and others, and the residue will be sold. The proceeds of such sale, after deducting the expense of the bakery, shall, at the end of every two months, be transferred to the company fund by the post council of administration. The bakery fund shall be under the supervision of the post council. It shall be collected and held by the post treasurer (an officer appointed by the commanding officer), who shall also act as post librarian. Poet treasurer. 2. The post treasurer shall open an account with the fund which shall be subject, at all times, to the inspection of the commanding officer. He shall make payments or purchases on the warrants of the commanding officer, which shall be drawn in pursuance of specific resolves of the council. 3. When an officer is relieved from duty as post treasurer, he shall close his accounts and turn them over to the commanding officer, who shall order a council of administration to audit the same. COMPANY FUND. Art. 988. Company fund. The savings arising from an economical use of the rations and the money received from the bakery fund, after deducting the expenses of the bakery, and a tax on the post trader not to exceed ten cents per man for all officers and enlisted men of the command, shall constitute the company fund, which shall be kept in the hands of the commanding officer or the post treasurer, and shall be disbursed exclusively for the purchase of food or articles to produce food,, for the improvement of the soldier's tabla fare. An account of this fund shall be kept in a book for the purpose. The head cook shall be paid from the com- pany fund the following rates per diem: Twenty cents when cooking for one company, twenty-five for two, thirty-five for threej and forty cents for four or more companies. Assistants shall serve without ex- tra pay, as this is a duty of instruction. They shall be carefully in- structed in the art of preparing, cooking, and serving food. The head MARINES. 213 cook shall be inspected and mustered in the company kitchen. He shall be excused from ordinary post duties, but shall attend target practice when practicable. POST BAKERY. Art. 989. 1. Bread shall be baked in post bakeries when practicable. At all Post bakeries, permanent posts a suitable building for the purpose, and the neces- sary fuel, utensils, and furniture therefor, shall be provided by the quartermaster's department. The ovens shall be constructed and kept in repair by the quartermaster's department. The post treas- urer, under the supervision of the commanding officer, shall have charge of the bakery. 2. A competent enlisted man shall be detailed as chief baker, and, if necessary, one or more enlisted men as assistant bakers. 3. Extra pay to post bakers is authorized at the following rates, to be paid from the bakery fund in the hands of the post treasurer: The chief baker at a post of one company shall receive twenty-five cents per day, two companies thirty-five cents, three companies forty cents; four or more companies fifty cents. Each necessary assistant shall receive ten cents per day less than the chief baker, when his extra pay is forty cents and under, and fifteen cents less when his extra pay is fifty cents. 4. The expenses of the bakery shall be restricted to the extra duty pay of the bakers ; the purchase of malt, hops, potatoes ; and of such utensils as are not furnished by the supply department. These ex- penses must be paid from the saving effected by the issue of bread instead of the flour ration. 5. The chief baker shall be inspected and mustered at the post bakery. 6. He shall be excused from ordinary post duties, but shall attend target practice when practicable. POST TRADEK. Art. 990. There may be allowed for each command of marines stationed at a Post trader, navy yard or barracks a post trader, who shall be appointed by the Secretary of the Navy upon the recommendation of the council of administration, approved by the commanding officer of marines and the commandant of the station. Post traders appointed by the Secretary of the Navy for any post or station in the marine corps, shall be subject to the regulations of the United States Army, 1889, governing post traders, Art. XL, or to such regulations as may be established by the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 991. Post traders shall actually carry on the business themselves, and Restrictions upon shall not farm out, sublet, transfer, sell, or assign the business to posttra ers - 214 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. others. In the transaction of the business they shall be governed by such general instructions as may be issued for that purpose by the commandant of the corps. The account of the post trader is not a lien on the soldiers' pay, and he has no security for sales made to them. SECTION 8. SERVICE AFLOAT. Art. 992. ^Orders for serv- When a ship is ready to receive the marine guard, the command- ant of the station, having previously caused the captain of the ship to- be informed of the order, shall direct the commanding officer of marines to send the detachment to the designated place of embarka- tion. Art. 993. service 6 fOr *** ^ detachment of marines joining a ship of war for sea service must always be accompanied by all its officers, unless prevented by written order of the Secretary of the Navy or by illness; the latter to be certified by surgeon's certificate. Art. 994. Entry on ship's When marines are received on board they are to be entered sepa- rately on the books, and are to be, in all respects, upon the same foot- ing as the seamen with regard to rations. Art. 995. Marine* on ship- 1. The marine guard is a distinct part of the complement of the board< ship, and forms a division in the detail of the whole force for battle. It shall be thoroughly drilled and instructed at the guns of the main and secondary batteries, and in cases of emergency, of which the cap- tain shall be the judge, it may be distributed among the gun divisions for so long as the emergency may exist. 2. Marines serving on board ship shall be entitled to the same privileges and subject to the same discipline as the rest of the crew. 3. The senior marine officer serving with a detachment afloat has none of the independent authority that is vested in the commanding officer of marines at a shore station, and can assign no punishment or restriction. Art. 996. Official corre- j. ^.11 official correspondence between officers or enlisted men and cpondeuue. the commandant or staff of the corps, shall be through the captain of the ship. Written communications from enlisted men shall be for- warded through the marine officer and executive officer to the captain. of the ship. 2. Where there is no commissioned officer serving with a detach- ment afloat, requisitions upon the commandant of the corps for non- commissioned officers or men, shall be made by the noncommissioned officer in charge of the guard, with the approval of the captain of the ship. MARINES. 215 Art. 997. The marines shall be furnished, by the pay officer, with clothing Supply of cloth- and small stores, when the commanding officer of marines shall certify that they require them, and the commanding officer of the ship ap- proves the issue. Art. 998. The commanding officer of marines shall be attentive to the health, Health and com- ,. i . 11 , . , . fort of marines. comfort, and cleanliness of his men, as well as to their instruction, soldier-like appearance, and efficiency. He shall submit quarterly to the adjutant and inspector of the corps, through the captain, detailed reports of drills, target practice, and instruction, on prescribed blank forms. Art. 999. The commanding officer of marines is to have charge of the arms, charge of arm , au4 accoutrement*. accoutrements, and clothing belonging to his detachment, and shall be accountable for them. He shall be careful to have these articles kept in good order, reporting to the captain any injury that may re- sult from neglect or misconduct, in order that the responsibility there- for may be fixed, and damage be recovered. The clothing shall be inspected at least once in each month by the commanding officer of marines, and in case of any loss or abuse he shall make report to the captain. He shall see that the arms, accoutrements, and all Govern- ment property in the possession of marines deceased, or absent with- out leave, and any uniform clothing, for which the marine officer is responsible, are collected and preserved, to be disposed of as pro- vided by law and regulation. Art. 1000. If repairs of the arms or accoutrements become necessary , the com- Repairs of arms, manding officer of marines shall apply to the executive officer for such assistance as may be needed, or request authority to turn them in for repairs at headquarters, according to the importance of the re- pairs required. Art. 1001. The commanding officer of marines shall make to the captain a Daily report, daily morning report of the state of the guard on the prescribed forms. He shall examine daily, before quarters, the quarters occupied by Daily inspections, the marines, their clothes lockers, the gun racks, and the marine store room, and assure himself that they are clean, in good order, and ready for inspection. Art. 1002. The marines shall be exercised at prescribed drills and instructions Reports of exer- by their officers, at such times and places as the captain may appoint, ciseofmannea - and a report of the same shall be made monthly on prescribed forms, to be forwarded through the proper channel to the commandant of the corps. 216 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1003. Boat exercise. Marine officers on board seagoing ships shall exercise the marine^ in pulling boats at such times as the captain may direct. Art. 1004. inspection. ^t t ne USU al morning and evening quarters the marines shall be formed for inspection, under their own officers. Art. 1005. Subject to orders. When not on guard or on duty as sentinels, the marines shall be subject to the orders of their superiors in rank, in the same manner as the rest of the crew. Art. 1006. Orders to senti- All general orders to sentinels shall be approved by the captain, and shall pass through the senior officer of marines. The officer of the deck shall, when necessary, give special orders to sentinels, and when such orders are of an important character, he shall inform the executive officer and marine officer. Orders to sentinels shall be communicated to them by the sergeant or corporal of the guard. The marine officer shall visit sentinels frequently, and satisfy himself that they understand their orders and duties. Art. 1007. Offenses of ma- Reports against marines shall be entered in the daily report book. Any misbehavior of the marines on guard, or on duty as sentinels, is to be reported to the officer of the deck, who shall report it to the ex- ecutive officer. The senior marine officer, when on board, shall be present at the mast when offenses committed by marines are to be in- vestigated. Art. 1008. Assignment of Enlisted men of the Marine Corps serving on board ship shall not tta '" be assigned to duty as master-at-arms, ship's writer, schoolmaster, yeoman, or apothecary, nor otherwise diverted from their appropriate duties, except in case of emergency, to be determined by the captain. When necessary to make such assignment, it shall continue only un- til a suitable person can be selected for the required duty. In de- tailing marines for any work or labor not included in their usual guard, post, and deck duties, regard shall be had to the amount of guard and post duty required of them at the time. They shall be re- quired to keep their own part of the ship clean and in good order. Art. 1009. Orderly duty. Marines may be detailed for duty as orderlies for the commander in chief and for the captain, but they shall not be assigned to duty as messengers. Noncommissioned officers shall not be detailed as mess cooks. Art. 1010. Reduction of Noncommissioned officers of the marine guard of a ship shall not noncommissio n e d officers. be reduced in rating except in pursuance of the sentence of a court- MARINES. 217 martial, and the authority of a summary court-martial to inflict the punishment of reduction in rating is limited to reduction to the next inferior rating. Art. 1011. 1. When a vacancy is thus created, or occurs by death or discharge, Vacancies occur- out of the United States, the commanding officer of the guard, if there be one, shall recommend, and the captain shall designate, some one of the guard for promotion to the vacancy. The captain shall appoint a board, to consist of the commanding officer of the guard, when there is one, and two line officers, to examine the person so desig- nated, under the regulations herein prescribed, as to his qualifications for promotion. If reported qualified, the promotion shall be made by the captain, the appointment to continue until the termination of the cruise, unless vacated by order of the appointing authority, as in the case of probationary petty officers. If there be no com- manding officer of the guard, an additional line officer shall be placed on the board. 2. When a vacancy in the guard of a ship, from the causes above Vacancies occur- stated, occurs in the United States, the commandant of the corps, e the Uuited upon the recommendation of the commanding officer of the guard, approved by the captain, shall after examination, as above, promote one of the guard to fill it, and shall issue a warrant accordingly ; otherwise he may fill it by the transfer of a noncommissioned officer from some other quarter. Art. 1012. The examinations for promotion to fill vacancies in the guards of Examinations ships shall be similar to those prescribed in the case of marines serv- or pro1 ing on shore. Art. 1013. Enlisted men of the Marine Corps on board ships in the United Discharges in ~. , ,. , , . the United States. States, who are to be discharged irom the service pursuant to sen- tence of court-martial, shall be discharged from the ship in which they may be serving at the time. In all cases where marines are to be discharged from the service, the staff returns, with information as to the cause of discharge, shall be at once sent from the ship or station where such men may be serving to the commandant of the corps, who shall issue and forward the necessary discharge. Art. 1014. A marine may be discharged from a ship on a foreign station at Discharges abroad, tke expiration of his term of enlistment, by order of the senior officer present, but only upon executing an agreement in writing to waive all claims to consular aid and to transportation to place of enlistment. In such case, the staff returns will be sent to the commandant of the corps, together with the written agreement of the marine. 218 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1015. Presence of offi- "When more than one marine officer is attached to a ship, one such officer shall, at all times, be present on board for duty, unless on par- ticular occasions, to be judged of by the captain. Art. 1016. Allowance of I n reg ulating the allowance of monthly money to a marine on board monthly money. ship, the money value of his average monthly allowance of clothing shall be reckoned as a part of his pay for such purpose. Art. 1017. Muster rolls and The muster rolls, and clothing and other accounts shall be kept by clothing accounts. . j r iV . j x. v, n * the officer in command of the guard, who shall forward them, as well as all other required returns, through the proper channel. Art. 1018. Conduct and lib- The marine officer shall keep the executive officer informed of the proficiency in rating, sobriety, and obedience of the marines, and shall make recommendations to him regarding their liberty. Art.^1019. Battalion drill The officers and men of the Marine Corps serving in a fleet or squad- ron shall be organized as a battalion, and shall be landed, at such times and places as the commander in chief may direct, for exercise in prescribed drills and duties, under the command of the senior marine officer in the fleet or squadron. Art. 1020. Service with a When serving on shore with a mixed detachment, composed of sea- mixed detachment. . 1111 1_ 1 J *.<__*_.. 1 men and marines, the marines shall always be placed on the right in battalion or other military formation, and the senior officer of the line of the Navy, or of the marine corps, according to rank, shall com- mand the detachment. Art. 1021. Small-arm prac- \, The fleet officer of marines may be detailed by the commander tico. in chief as superintendent of small-arm target practice. 2. A marine officer on board ship may be detailed by the captain as superintendent of small-arm target practice. Art. 1022. intelligence re- Officers of the Marine Corps attached to seagoing ships may be P rts - required to make intelligence reports upon such subjects as the cap- tain of the ship may direct. Art. 1023. Guards. On board ships having a guard of less than twenty privates, the guard of the day shall consist of one noncommissioned officer and eight privates. On board ships with guards having more than twenty privates, the guard of the day shall consist of one noncommissioned officer and ten privates. A sergeant's guard shall consist of a sergeant MARINES. 219 and sixteen privates; a lieutenant's guard shall consist of one lieu- tenant, two noncommissioned officers, and sixteen privates. A cap- tain's guard shall be the full guard of a ship. Art. 1024. Where practicable, regular details shall be made for guard each Guard mounting. day, and the ceremony of guard mounting shall be carried out as nearly as possible as at barracks on shore. Art. 1025. The marine guard of a ship attached to a fleet or squadron shall be inspect i on of inspected by the fleet officer of marines, at such times as the com- m mander in chief may direct. Reports of such inspection shall be forwarded to the commander in chief and to the commandant of the corps. Art. 1026. When a ship is to be put out of commission, the officers and enlisted Going ont of men of the guard may be required to remain on board until all the other officers are detached, the crew discharged or removed, and the ship turned over to the officers of the navy yard or station. CHAPTER XXII. NAVAL ADMINISTRATION AND DISCIPLINE. SECTION 1. THE EXERCISE OF AUTHORITY. Art. 1027. All persons in the Navy are required to obey, readily and strictly, na ? e " ty of 8ubord1 ' and to execute promptly, the lawful orders of their superiors. Art. 1028. Superiors of every grade are forbidden to injure those under their Exercise of au- command by tyrannical or capricious conduct, or by abusive language. Authority over subordinates is to be exercised with firmness, but with justice and kindness. Art. 1029. Punishment shall be in strict conformity with the laws for the Punishments. government of the Navy. Art. 1030. 1. In order to avoid unnecessary recourse to general courts-martial, inquiry into complaints of nufl- it is directed that where an officer or other person shall be reported for conduct. grave misconduct to his immediate commanding officer, the latter shall institute a careful inquiry into the circumstances on which the complaint is founded. To this end he shall call upon the complain- ant for a written statement of the case, together with a list of his witnesses, mentioning where they may be found, and a memorandum of any documentary evidence bearing upon the case which it may be in his power to produce. 2. He shall also call upon the accused for such counter statement Accused to make or explanation as he may wish to make, and for a list of the persons ex P lanatlon - he desires to have questioned in his behalf. Art. 1031. Officers making either complaints or explanations shall confine them- Complaints to be selves exclusively to the facts of the case, and shall neitheF express an conflned to facts - opinion nor impugn the motives of the opposite party. Art. 1032. If, after the investigation of a report against an officer or other per- Restoration of son in the Navy, the captain shall not deem the offense one requiring Please of equated the action either of a court of inquiry or court-martial, he shall him- me . n .. inca8 s not re- quiring trial. self take such action as he may think necessary, within the limits of punishment allowed him by law. 221 222 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1033. Cases requiring jf ? upon such investigation, the commanding officer shall be satis- fled that the charge is such as to call for judicial action, he shall transmit to the Secretary of the Navy, or to the commander in chief of the fleet or squadron, as the case may require, a particular state- ment of the misconduct with which the accused is charged, embracing such detail of the circumstances and of the time and place at which they occurred, with lists of witnesses, as may enable the convening au- thority to decide upon the propriety and expediency of ordering a court, and to frajne charges and specifications should it be ordered. Under such circumstances the accused may be continued under sus- pension or arrest to await the decision of the convening authority. Art. 1034. Further proceed- Should the decision of the Secretary or commander in chief be that no trial is to take place, the accused shall be at once released and restored to duty. But if it be decided that the accused shall be brought to trial, the court shall be assembled for that purpose as soon as the nature of the case and the interests of the public service will allow, unless, meanwhile, such information or explanation shall reach the convening authority as to make it advisable to withdraw the charges and restore the accused to duty. Art. 1035. Accused to be Whenever an accusation is made against an officer, either by re- furn i shed with copy of accusation, port or by indorsement upon a communication, a copy of such report or indorsement shall be furnished at the time to the officer accused. Art. 1036. Temporary re- The captain of a ship or other competent authority may release lease no bar to fu- , . ,*? ture trial or inves- temporarily and put on duty an officer under suspension or arrest, should an emergency of the service or other sufficient cause make such measure necessary. The order for temporary release shall be in writing and shall assign the reasons. Should the officer be under charges, they need not be withdrawn; and such temporary release and restoration to duty shall not be a bar to any subsequent investigation or trial of the case that the convening authority may think proper to order, or to the investigation of any complaint the accused may make in re- gard to the suspension or arrest. Art. 1037. charges not to be Offenses shall not be allowed to accumulate in order that sufficient muule%oroiin? m ~ member of his personal staff; and such officer shall have no title to quarters elsewhere while so accommodated. (Art. 345.) In such cas he shall mess with the flag officer. Art. 1069. Wardroom offi- All commissioned officers not in command, above the rank of ensign, shall be wardroom officers. Ensigns assigned to duty as watch and division officers shall also be wardroom officers. Art. 1070. sterage officers. Cadets and clerks shall occupy the steerage. Art. 1071. warrant officers' Each warrant officer shall have a room forward of the steerage if there is sufficient space; if not, two of them shall occupy one room jointly. Art. 1072. Passengers. No officer embarked as a passenger shall be entitled to a stateroom to the exclusion of any officer belonging to the complement of the ship. SECTION 6. OFFICERS' MESSES. Art. 1073. Messing of offi- Officers shall mess in the apartments set apart for them, except as hereinafter provided. Separate messes shall not be formed in the same apartment, nor shall meals be taken in rooms or at other places than at the regular mess table, except in case of sickness. Art. 1074. Cabin messes. Cabin officers in ships with twd cabins may, if they prefer it, form one mess. A commander in chief may have any of his personal staff in his mess; but in such case they must be permanently accommodated with quarters in his cabin. (See Art. 1068.) ADMINISTRATION AND DISCIPLINE. 229 Officers sengers. 8 pas- Alt. 1075. Officers embarked as passengers shall mess in the apartment to which they would belong if attached to the ship. Art. 1076. In all officers' messes the senior line officer present shall preside Senior Hneofficer , ._. to preside at mess. and have the power to preserve order. (See Art. 1039.) Art. 1077. Each mess of officers shall elect a caterer, who shall have charge Caterer, of all matters relating to the service and expenditures of the mess. He shall keep an account of all receipts and expenditures, from which an abstract of the financial condition of the mess may at any time be ascertained. At the close of each month he shall render to the mess a statement of the accounts of the mess, with his receipts and expenditures, together with any bills remaining unpaid. These accounts shall be audited by a committee of not more than three officers elected by the mess. He shall incur no indebtedness which cannot be discharged by the funds appropriated for the mess, and he shall see that all bills are paid before leaving port. If, however, from the unexpected sailing of the ship, or from circumstances be- yond his -control, he is forced to leave any bills unpaid, he shall report the number and amount to the captain, who will take all measures to have them paid as soon as possible. All officers of a mess are eligible to election as caterer, and if elected shall so serve, but no officer shall be required to serve as caterer more than two months consecutively. Art. 1078. Every officer attached to a seagoing ship shall pay monthly, in Mess bill* of offl- advance, the full amount of the mess bill to the caterer of his mess; ceEB> and no officer shall be excused from such payment unless ordered on detached duty or sent to a hospital. Art. 1079. Distilled spirits shall be admitted on board vessels of war only upon the order and under the control of the medical officers of such vessels, and to be used only for medical purposes. Art. 1080. Wardroom and steerage officers may form wine messes, but no winemeie. officer shall be required to become a member thereof. Suitable locker room for wine-mess stores will be provided when fitting a ship for sea. SECTION 7. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS. Art. 1081. It is incumbent on every officer of the Navy, upon whom the dis- Offlceri to c- cipline of the service devolves in any degree, to make himself familiar wTh^aVaTTa w s* with the laws relating thereto, and with the regulations and general s eneral order*, etc. orders of the Department for the government of the Navy. 230 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1082. Report of knowi- jf an y person under the Navy Department has knowledge of any dge of frauds, etc. , ,, fraud, collusion, or improper conduct on the part of any purchasing or other agent, or contractor; or on the part of any person employed in superintending repairs, receiving or receipting for supplies, or has knowledge of any fraud, collusion, or improper conduct in any mat- ters connected with the naval service, he shall report the same imme- mediately in writing, over his proper signature, to his immediate superior, specifying the particular act or acts of misconduct, fraud, neglect, or collusion, and the means of proving the same. Art. 1083. Where a robbery In case of robbery, or on the discovery of loss of money or other pub- lic property, the person responsible for its custody shall immediately report the occurrence, and the senior officer present shall order a board of three officers to investigate the case and to report fully all the circumstances connected therewith, which report shall be for- warded to the Secretary of the Navy, with a statement from the senior officer. Art. 1084. Gratuities from No person employed in the Navy or under the Navy Department contractor*. 8nal j take or rece i vej directly or indirectly, any emolument or gratuity from any contractor or other person furnishing supplies, or act as agent or attorney for such person. Art. 1085. CertM catesof Offi cers shall not give certificates to persons with whom they have had officers. Q gj c j a j (j ea ii n g Sj or to inventors whose works they may have examined. Art. 1086. Dealings with Officers shall not borrow money or accept deposits from, or have any pecuniary dealings with, enlisted men, except as provided in Art. I486, for deposits with the pay officer. Art. 1087. Incurring debts. Officers serving afloat shall before leaving port pay, or provide for paying, any debts they may have incurred. No officer shall at any time or place contract debts without a reasonable expectation of being able to discharge them. Any officer who violates this article shall be reported by his cap- tain to the Secretary of the Navy, and pending a reply to the report he may be confined to his ship or station, unless his health would be impaired thereby, which fact shall be established only by the written opinion of the senior medical officer present. Art. 1088. Gold, etc., taken When gold, silver, or jewels shall be placed on board any ship for freight or safe keeping, the captain shall sign bills of lading for the the amount and be responsible for the same. The usual percentage ADMINISTRATION AND DISCIPLINE. 231 shall be demanded from the shippers and its amount shall be divided as follows: one-fourth to the commander in chief ; one-half to the cap- tain of the ship; one-fourth to the Navy pension fund. But in order to entitle the commander in chief of the squadron to receive any part of the amount, he must have signified to the captain of the ship, in writing, his readiness to unite with him in the responsibility for the care of the treasure or other valuables. When a commander in chief does not participate in a division, two- thirds shall inure to the captain of the ship and the remainder to the pension fund. Art. 1089. All petitions, remonstrances, memorials, and communications from AH communica- _, _. . ., ,. T ,, . . , ,, ., tions to Congress any officer or officers of the Navy or Marine Corps, whether on the ghaii pass through active or retired list, addressed to Congress or to either house thereof, the De P artment - or to any committee of Congress, on any subject of legislation relating to the Navy, pending, proposed, or suggested, shall be forwarded through the Navy Department, and not otherwise, except by authority of the Department. Art. 1090. Any officer of the Navy who may be required to take official action inquiries as to , , ,. ., _. . . interpretation of under any regulation of the Department, or any law governing or regulations or iw. referring thereto, who may desire instructions or explanation as to the force, meaning, or effect of such law or regulation, shall address his communication of inquiry through the proper official channel to the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 1091. No person in the ITavy serving on board ship shall engage in Persons on board trade, or introduce any article on board for the purpose of trade with- L 'trade. out authority. Art. 1092. Officers shall avoid any unnecessary expenditure of public money Responsibility or stores, and so far as may be in their power prevent the same in mon^^or stores. others. Officers shall be held accountable for any wasteful or im- proper expenditure that they may direct, authorize, or knowingly permit. Art. 1093. All votes, resolutions, or publications in praise or censure of any Testimonials and * -lublicat 1 -- '-- >idden. i . i>i. 11 publications for- person in the naval service are forbidden. bid Art. 1094. The articles for the government of the Navy shall be kept posted Articles of war. in a conspicuous place and read aloud to the officers and crew at general muster once in every month. All general orders issued by the Navy Department or the commander in chief, which may in any degree affect the crew, and have not been previously published, shall be read at the same muster. U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1095. Gambling. . Gambling is prohibited on board ship, in navy yards, and in all other places belonging to or under the control of the Navy Depart- ment. Art. 1096. storerooms not No storeroom or office shall be used for a sleeping apartment to be used for other ., .. , .. , , purposes. except by authority, nor shall any such room be used for any other purpose than the public service for which it is allotted, unless iu cases of emergency, or when, in the opinion of the captain, no detri- ment to the interests of the Government will ensue. Art. 1097. AH officers to re- Every officer attached to a ship of the Navy in commission, not a at quarter*, subordinate in a division, shall be required to report his presence on board at quarters when not absent on leave. Art 1098. Offenses commit- Officers shall report to their immediate superiors all offenses com- wpMted! 10 * 8 * ^ mitted by persons belonging to the Navy or Marine Corps, while on shore, which may come under their observation. Art 1099. sheath kniyes The use of sheath knives on board ship by the crew is forbidden. Every man of the seaman class shall carry a jackknife attached to a laniard. CHAPTER XXIII. MEDICAL INSTRUCTIONS. SECTION 1. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF RECRUITS. Art. 1100. Whenever any person is examined for enlistment in the Navy or Kecords of ex- Marine Corps, whether for general or special service, and whether subsequently enlisted or rejected, his name and the particulars con- stituting his descriptive list shall at once be entered on the list of persons examined (Form X), by the medical officer or the senior member of the board making the examination, who shall then sign his initials on a line with the entry. This record shall be kept at every rendezvous, station, or ship where physical examinations are made and shall be retained there as the original official record of such examination. Art. 1101. No person other than a medical officer shall be permitted to con- Only medical offi- cers to conduct ex- duct any part of a physical examination, to make any measurement, animations. or to make an original entry on any record of enlistment. Art. 1102. Every such examination must be completed according to the official Examin at l o n a must be completed forms, and shall in no case be suspended on the recognition of a dis- in every case, qualifying defect. Art. 1103. Medical officers shall exercise great care in the performance of this c* 1 " 6 to be exer * cised in examma- duty. Whenever hospital tickets or reports of medical survey repre- tions. sent a disability to have existed prior to enlistment, the fact shall be reported to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery; and the medical officer who passed such recruit shall be held accountable for the im- proper enlistment. Art. 1104. An applicant for enlistment having been found to be clean and Examination of the body sober, the medical officer shall proceed to make a thorough inspec- tion of his body. While permitted to use his own discretion as to the routine of procedure, he shall make inquiry on all points indicated below: 1. The applicant, entirely nude, is to stand before the examiner, in General surface. a bright light, and present successively front, rear, and sides. (Re- tarded development, deformity or asymmetry of body or limbs ; knock- knees, bow-legs, or splay feet, especially in minors; svinal curvatures; 233 234 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. feebleness of constitution; strumous or other cachexia; emaciation; obesity ; cutaneous or other external disease; glandular swellings or other tumors; nodes; varicosities ; cicatrices; indications of medical treatment; leech bites, blister stains, seton or scarification scars; and evidences of smallpox or successful vaccination), Extremities and 2. Applicant to present dorsal and palmar surfaces of both hands; to flex and extend every finger; to grasp with thumb and forefinger, and with whole hand, to flex and extend, pronate and supinate wrists and forearms; to perform all the motions of shoulder joints, espe- cially circumduction; to extend arms at right angles to body, and then bend elbow and touch the shoulders with the fingers; to elevate ex- tended arms above the head, palm to palm, then dorsum to dorsum; to evert and invert the feet; to stand on tiptoe, coming down upon the heels quickly, and then lifting toes from floor; to flex each thigh alternately upon the abdomen, and, while standing on one leg, to hop; to perform all the motions of the hip joint; and to walk back- ward and forward slowly and at double quick. Thorax. 3. Note effect of these violent exercises on heart and lungs; observe movements of chest during prolonged inspiration and expiration; examine by percussion and auscultation front and rear. (Incipient pulmonary phthisis, valvular disease.) Abdomen.groing, 4. With hands on the head and chin up, applicant to cough vio- lently (relaxation of umbilical and inguinal regions; hernia; concealed venereal disease, especially beneath prepuce and within urethra; vari- cocele; orchitis and other abnormol condition of testes). Spine and peri- 5. Applicant to bend body forward, with knees stiffened, feet wide apart, hands touching the floor, and nates exposed to strong light (hemorrhoids; prolapsus; fistulce). While the applicant is stooping make firm pressure on each spinous process of the vertebrae (noting spinal tenderness). Head, face, and 6. I. Motions of head, neck, and lower jaw. II. Cranium (malformations, depressions, cicatrices, tinea, etc). III. Ears (polypi, otorrhaia, perforation, dullness of hearing). IV. Eyes (absence of cilice; tarsal redness; obstructed puncta ; corneal opacities; adJiesions of iris; defective vision; color blindness; abnormal conditions of conjunctives; etc). V. Nose (polypi; ozo&na; chronic nasal catarrh). VI. Mouth, teeth, tongue, fauces (hypertrophied tonsils; syphilitic affections; impediments of speech). Art. 1105. intelligence. The intelligence of the applicant will be evident from the character of his replies to inquiries respecting former residence and occupation, family history, etc. Art. 1106. Ag*. The age of the applicant must be constantly kept in view by med- ical examiners in determining the standard of physical fitness. MEDICAL INSTKUCTIONS. 235 Art. 1107. The following instructions shall be strictly followed in preparing the list of persons examined (Form X): 1. The whole name (Christian, middle, and surname) to be legibly written out, without abbreviation; and correctly spelled, preference being given to the original spelling of foreigners' names; the surname to precede, and to be distinguished by being underlined. 2. Year, month, and day of birth to be ascertained whenever possi. ble. 3. Specify city, town, or other locality of birth, whatever the nation- ality. 4. Color is not to be described as simply " light " or "dark," but the character and degree shalljbe as accurately stated as possible; as com- plexion, pallid; sallow; fair (only when decidedly clear) ; ruddy ; florid; dark (tawny, sunburnt, or tanned) ; very dark (swarthy, dusky); mulatto, negro. Hair, flaxen; sandy (yellowish red); auburn (reddish brown); brown (light, dark, or very dark); black; also whether thin, bald, curly, straight, wool. Eyes, blue, gray; blue-gray; yellow-gray; hazel (light brown) ;brown; dark brown; bicolored (as when the pupillary border is of a different color from rest of iris; also state when the two eyes are of different colors. 5. Note any prominent physical trait not inconsistent with bodily vigor, or not in such degree as to constitute cause for rejection lean- ness or the reverse; hirsuteness; slight asymmetry of body or limbs, knock-knees, bow-legs, or splay feet; peculiarities of teeth and genitalia; slight varicocele or circocele, etc. In this connection examiners are to remember that imperfections that might pass in men should reject boys. Note causes of rejection. 6. Note any fact suggesting predisposition or tendency to, or ex- emption from, morbid action (longevity, disease, insanity, or sickness of parents or near relatives). 7. Age to be expressed in years and months; and the month to be always the month concluded, and not the month current. 8. Body nude. Accuracy of scales to be ascertained before using. 9. Height to be expressed in inches; the body to be erect, the chin neither elevated nor depressed, the feet and knees touching, legs stiff, and arms hanging perpendicularly. 10. The height and measurement of boys must be as follows: Age. Height not less than Weight not less than Chest measurement* not less than Fourteen years . 4 feet 9 inches 70 pounds .^. Fifteen years 4 feet 11 inches 27 inches. Sixteen years 5 feet 1 inch 90 porads 28 inches. Entries upon "List of persons examined." Name*. Date of birth. Place of birth. Complexion, hair, and eye*. Other personal characteristics. Family history. Age. Weight Height. * Breathing natural!/. 236 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Thorax. 11. Circumference of thorax to express the mean of the greatest circumference after forced inspiration and of the least after forced expiration, measured by a tapeline horizontally at the precise level of the nipples; the difference between the greatest and least circum- ferences being entered as expansion. Vision. 12. Vision to be expressed as a fraction, of which the numerator will be the distance at which Snellen's 20-foot test can be determined, and the denominator 20. Colorpercepdon. 13. Color-perception to be always carefully determined. The usual examination is by Holmgren's method, which may be briefly described as follows: The worsteds are placed in a pile in the center of a piece of white muslin, which is spread out on a flat surface in a good daylight. The green test skein is placed aside upon the white cloth, and the person to be examined is directed to select the various shades of the same color from the pile, and place them by the sides of the sample. The color blind will make mistakes in the selection of the shades; or a hesitating manner with a disposition to take the wrong shades may show a feeble chromatic sense. The purple test skein is then used. If the test with the green skein has shown the person examined to be color blind, and on the second or purple test he selects only the purple skeins, he is incompletely color blind; but if he places with the purple shades of blue or violet, or both, he is completely red blind. If, however, he selects to be placed with the purple shades of green or gray, he is completely green blind. The red test skein need not necessarily be used, but it may be em- ployed to confirm the diagnosis already made; for the red blind will select, to match the red skein, shades of green or brown which to the normal sense seem darker than the red, while the green blind will select the shades of green or brown which seem lighter. Health, itcknew, 14. Enter in last column, in every case of rejection, the disability * tc * unfitting the applicant for service, and in other cases any abnormal condition, former grave illness, or serious injury not inconsistent with present bodily vigor. In reexamination of minors and continuous service men, here enter statement of health since previous examination, and affix signature of the medical officer making the reexamination. Art. 1108. Entries to be 1. The examination having been concluded, and the candidate found q ua ^fl e( j f or tne service, the medical examiner shall enter his de- scriptive list upon the blank enlistment records furnished by the Bureau of Navigation or the commandant of the Marine Corps, and, having signed it, shall transmit the record to the commanding officer of the ship, station, rendezvous, or post. 2. Upon the transfer at any time of an enlisted person, the medical officer shall make the necessary entries upon the enlistment records. MEDICAL INSTRUCTIONS. 237 Art. 1109. In cases where physical disqualifications are waived by the Navy when defects are waived bv N a v v Department, the medical examiner shall fully describe the same on Department Form X and other records of enlistment, and at once report the fact to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. (Art. 786.) Art. 1110. Recruits enlisted at a rendezvous on shore shall be re6xamined as Reexamination soon as they arrive on board a receiving ship, and any defects that ferredffi-om t^eu- may be discovered reported at once to the commanding officer. dezTous. Art. 1111. Recruits shall be immediately vaccinated, and in cases of failure Recruits to t the operation shall be repeated until the medical officer is convinced that the person is protected. Results of vaccination shall be reported on the quarterly report of sick. SECTION 2. HOSPITALS. Art. 1112. 1. When officers are admitted into a naval hospital, they are entitled Officers admitted to remain under treatment and to have all the advantages of such hospital until cured, unless in the case of chronic disorders which, after a sufficient period, shall appear to the medical officer in charge to be not susceptible of cure. Of such cases he shall make a report to the commandant of the station and request a medical survey thereon. If a survey recommends a continuance of treatment, the officer or officers surveyed may remain until a subsequent survey shall recommend a discharge. 2. When a medical survey, duly approved, shall recommend an officer's discharge from hospital, it shall be at the option of such officer, if disabled or decrepit, to be transferred to the naval home. 3. A copy of all the papers in such cases shall be forwarded by the commandant to the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 1113. Sick, wounded, or disabled officers are entitled to the benefits of Slck nd dl - abled officers en- naval, medical, and surgical attendance, either within or without a titled to medical naval hospital, so long as they remain sick, wounded, or disabled. attend * nc *- The fact that an officer has been treated within a naval hospital for four months, or for a longer period, shall not be considered as a bar to his readmission to the same, or to any other hospital. Art. 1114. The medical officer in charge of a naval hospital is responsible for Besponsibiiity of the care and treatment of the sick, and for the discipline, cleanliness, J^ge, 1 Ol and economy of the institution, which it is his duty to keep always in an efficient condition; and to this end he shall exact from subordinates, employes, and patients, a proper obedience to his orders, and to the laws and regulations of the Navy. Medical officers and all persons 238 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. employed in the hospital shall perform such duties as may be assigned to them by the medical officer in charge. Art. 1115. NO changes to be Except in cases of emergency, which shall be immediately reported or grounds. to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, no changes shall be made in the hospital buildings, furniture, and grounds such as destroying or removing trees, or disturbing the soil around them; and no bills for purchases and repairs shall be contracted without the permission of the bureau. Art. 1116. inspection of The medical officer in charge shall inspect all medicines, provi- piies^etc. 11 * 8 ' Bn ^~ sions, and medical supplies that may be received, or shall cause them to be inspected by a junior medical officer, who shall report to him their condition. A record of the inspection shall be entered on the daily journal. Art. 1117. Examination of He shall direct the medical officers in charge of wards to present their case papers to him once each week for examination, and will assure himself that they are accurately and carefully kept. Art. 1118. Medical officerof He shall detail a medical officer who, in addition to such other pro- fessional duties as may be assigned him, shall perform the duty of "officer of the day" for twenty- four hours, commenping at 10 a. m. The officer of the day, upon going on duty at 10 a. m., shall make a tour of inspection through the wards, kitchens, mess, and other rooms occupied by patients and employes. A similar inspection shall be made during the afternoon, at a different hour daily; and another at night, after the patients are in bed. A list of patients and employes who have received passes shall be furnished the officer of the day as early as practicable every morn- ing, and all patients and others will be required to report their re- turn to him. Art. 1119. Daily journal. The officer of the day shall keep a journal, which he shall sign at the end of his term of duty at 10 a. m., in which he shall make a brief record of the following points, that are to be noted at the time of oc- currence : The condition of the wards, kitchens, mess, smoking, and other rooms at each inspection; the condition of the meals served as to quality and quantity; the names and diseases of patients admitted, and the places from which they are received; the names, number of days subsisted, and disposition made of patients discharged, and whether the necessary papers in each case are correct and complete; the names and condition of patients and employes who have returned, or who have overstaid their leave; the confinement and discharge of offenders, and cause of punishment; the appointment and discharge MEDICAL, INSTRUCTIONS. 239 of employes; the reporting and detachment of officers, or their going upon and returning from leave; the record of inspection of all articles; the object and findings of all boards of survey; and all- other matters occurring during his term of duty which it may be desirable to record. Art. 1120. Medical officers in charge of wards shall be held responsible for Medical officers their order and neatness, and for the good condition of all within them. They shall exercise a personal supervision over the comfort and welfare of the sick, visiting them at least twice daily, and oftener in severe cases; and they shall assure themselves that their directions as to medicines, dressings, regimen, etc., are accurately and promptly carried out. They will personally take the temperature of patients, and will never allow this duty to be performed by the nurses. Art. 1121. Patients should be accompanied, upon admission, with hospital Patients should tickets (Form G), but they may be admitted without this paper in w e ith C ho8pUai a "ick- cases of emergency, when the medical officer shall report the fact to ets> the commandant of the station with a statement of the emergency, and cause the necessary hospital ticket to be supplied. Art. 1122. Convalescent patients may be detailed for light service, but shall Convalescents to be discharged in no case be retained in the hospital for that purpose after they are when fit for duty. fit for duty. Art. 1123. No patient in hospital shall be entitled to any service except that Attendants. of the regular hospital attendants; nor shall any one, except medical officers on duty, patients, and employes of the hospital be subsisted or lodged without permission of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. Art. 1124. For patients, diet tables prepared by the Bureau of Medicine and D1 * tables. Surgery will be followed when practicable ; but the allowance to attendants' messes may be varied at the discretion of the medical officer in charge, provided the value of the ration be not exceeded Art. 1125. For each ward shall be kept a special diet list (Form P), which Special diet list. shall be revised and corrected every morning by the medical officer in charge of the ward. Art. 1126. When a patient is admitted, the following forms shall be observed: Forms to be ob- 1. When the hospital ticket is found correct, indorse and file it, with accompanying papers relating to the case. If defective, return it to the medical officer who signed it, through the usual channels, if he is at hand; otherwise, through the bureau. 240 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 2. Enter the name, etc., (1) in the general alphabetical register of patients (Form E), which is the permanent hospital record, for future reference; and (2) in the abstract of patients (Form F). 3. Open case paper (Form H). 4. If the patient is an enlisted person from the receiving or other ship, or from neighboring marine barracks, send ration notice, through the commandant, to the commanding officer of the ship or barracks. Art. 1127. Patients left in When patients are left in hospital after the sailing of the ship from !ng P dfBhip! er ' which they were sent, the medical officer in charge shall report to the commandant of the station as soon as they are in a position to justify their removal, making a particular statement of the facts and circum- stances connected with each case. Art. 1128. Dischargee for l. No person in hospital shall be discharged from the service for physical disability, except upon the recommendation of a board of medical survey. 2. In reports of survey the name of the ship from which the person was received shall always be noted. Art. 1129. of cases A copy of the report of survey, and of any other paper relating to r the patient, shall be appended to the case paper, which shall be signed at its conclusion, or on detachment of the officer, by the med- ical officer in charge of the patients' ward. Case papers shall be verified by the signature of the medical officer in charge of the hos- pital. Art. 1130. Discharge of pa- 1. When a patient is discharged from the hospital, the fact shall be * entered upon the register of patients and also upon the case paper. The latter is then to be filed, with the hospital ticket attached. 2. A ration notice shall be forwarded, as directed, upon the entry of a patient. (Art. 1126.) 3. If any clothing or other articles be furnished to men while in hospital, a statement of the same, with the cost, certified by the proper officer of the hospital, shall be made upon the back of the clothing lists which accompanied them. Art. 1131. Weekly report On every Monday, a report of sick (Form I) for the preceding week shall be made in triplicate; one copy of which shall be sent to the commandant of the station, one to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, and the other retained for the files of the hospital as a basis for the report of the following week. Art. 1132. Hospital reguia- All regulations for a hospital shall be submitted to the Secretary tions tobesub- ,., -XT mitted to Secretary Of the Navy, of the Navy. MEDICAL INSTRUCTIONS. 241 SECTION 8. GENEBAL INSTRUCTIONS. Art. 1133. 1. The senior medical officer of every ship, station, or place of duty Medical journal, except at hospitals where case papers are used, shall keep, or cause to be kept by a medical officer subordinate to him, a medical journal, which must be a complete and succinct history of the medical affairs coming within his province. In this, and in all other records, especial regard must be paid to neatness, accuracy, and uniformity. 2. While it is impossible to give directions so minute as to cover instructions for every detail, and much must be left to an intelligent discretion, the eeping JOU principal points in keeping this journal are the following: I. Patient's name in full, also his grade or rate; both from the mus- ter roll. II. Age, years. III. Native of . IV. Color, . V. Enlisted at , on the day of , 18 . VI. Disease; with explanatory remarks, if necessary. VII. Time and place of occurrence, or dates between which there was continuous exposure to morbific cause. VIII. Whether considered to be in line of duty or not in line of duty; state all facts that can be elicited, distinguishing between the testimony of the patient himself and that of any other witness, and in express terms accepting or rejecting that of the patient and giv- ing reasons for so doing. IX. Medical officers will observe conciseness in clinical reporting. Common symptoms of ephemeral diseases need not be noted; the simple nosological title will suffice in such cases, as "diarrhoea acuta", " constipatio ", " catarrhus ", with statement of origin. X. The medical journal must be indexed daily. XI. Any evidence that could have any bearing on a claim for pen- sion must be fully noted. 3. The journal will be indexed in the following manner: infractions for Henry Ashton first appears at page 1, where the description of him is complete; he reappears at page 34, where reference is made to page 1; again at page 67, and new reference. (See page 1.) Ashton (Henry), 1, 34, 67, 89, 121, 156 A in Index. Brown (John), 2, 31, 42, 51 B in Index. Bunce (Philip), 4, 75, 108 _ B in Index. Cullen (William), 4, 19, 63 _ _ C in Index. Davis (Henry), 3 D in Index. When the first line allotted to any name is filled, take up that name again on the next blank line below; e. g., Ashton (Henry), 190, 234. The journal may thus be traced for a full history of each case: A in the margin means admitted. 1344816 242 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. D in margin means discharged to duty. Dsd in margin means deserted. Dd in margin means died. H in margin means sent to hospital. T in margin means transferred somewhere. L in margin means invalided to the United States. Order of names. 4. On each successive day the names of the patients shall be recorded in the order of admission, with mention of the changes in the condition and treatment, until the final disposition of the case. Change of diag- 5. Should a change of diagnosis become necessary, the case must be closed by the discharge of the patient, and reopened by his admis- sion with the uew diagnosis, except in cases of intercurrent affec- tions depending upon the original cause of disease, when the record may be continued. This rule applies alike to case papers and journals. A patient read- 6. A patient readmitted with a disease for which he has previously been treated and discharged shall be regarded as a new case. Temperature, 7. Records of the temperature, pulse, respiration, and excreta of important cases shall be kept (Form Q) and appended to the journal or case papers. in case of death. 8. In case of death, post-mortem examinations should be made, when practicable, and the results fully recorded in the journal or on case paper. Mention of gen- 9. After the completion of the daily record connected with the sick, mention shall be made of all matters relating to the duties of the medical officer, such as sanitary inspections, recommendations made to the captain, and vaccinations. Record of each 10. The record of each day shall include all admissions, discharges, deaths, and other occurrences up to midnight of that day. One day patient;. 11. In all cases where a patient is admitted and discharged upon the same day, he shall be noted as having been upon the sick list one day. Responsibility 12. The senior medical officer of the ship or station is responsible journal. 1 * r for the accuracy of the journal and case paper, which must always be written by a medical officer. Signatures to en- 13. Whenever a medical journal is kept, the medical officer who holds sick call shall make the entries in the journal over his own sig- nature. The journal shall be inspected daily by the senior medical officer, who shall attach his signature to indicate the correctness of the record, and shall make any additional entries he may deem proper. Sickness of a 14. When a patient is treated whose sickness is of so trivial a char- triviai character. acter tnat a re ii e f f rom duty is not necessary, his name shall be entered upon the index of the journal, and the prescription ordered shall be appended to the record of the day. All expenditures of liquors shall be recorded in the same manner. MEDICAL INSTRUCTIONS. 243 Art. 1134. Issus of medicine or medical stores to persons other than those in Prescription the Navy shall be noted in a prescription book kept for the purpose. Art. 1135. 1. The quarterly abstract of patients (Form F) shall accord with Abstract ofp- and accompany the report of sick (Art. 1136), and shall contain the name, rate, disease, origin, and disposition of every case admitted on the journal. The names shall be arranged in order of admission, aa many sheets only being used as will contain all the entries. Under the head " origin " shall be written " duty " or " not duty ", as express- ive of the opinion of the medical officer in regard to the connection '. of the disease or injury with the line of duty; and under the head of "remarks" a statement of the facts upon which this opinion is based. When transmitting this abstract to the bureau, it should be sent in a pasteboard tube, or rolled over a firm center to avoid folding and breaking. 2. The yearly abstract of patients (Form F*) shall include all the names of patients entered on the quarterly abstracts for the year, ar- ranged alphabetically. Art. 1136. 1. Medical officers will be careful to avoid inaccuracies or defi- Quarterly report ciencies in the quarterly report of sick (Form K) upon which is based the annual statistical report of the Surgeon General. To this end it is directed that a list of patients be kept, in which shall be inscribed the name of every person as soon as he is entered upon the journal. From this list Forms K and F are to be prepared; and if it be .accurate, the result will be an exact accordance of these two returns with the journal. A duplicate report of sick shall be forwarded from every cruising ship to the surgeon of the fleet. Art. 1137. 1. The senior medical officer of each station, hospital, and ship will Accountability be held responsible and accountable for all public property under his MndecL perty * control belonging to the medical department of the Navy. Medical officers will forward to the Bureau of Medicine and Sur- gery, with the return of property (Form D), a concise account of the authority and reasons for expenditure and disposition of all property expended, other than medicines, hospital stores, surgical appliances, and stationery. They will not be released from responsibility for the value of any surgical instruments or furniture, unless the expenditure shall have been authorized by the bureau or a board of survey. 2. The property return from ships in squadron shall be forwarded through the surgeon of the fleet, who will ascertain whether or not expenditures were made with due regard to efficiency and economy, 244 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. and will report to the bureau any instances of wastefulness or unau- thorized expenditure. Art. 1138. Yearly return of A yearly return of books shall be made on the first of January from booka> every hospital or station supplied with a library, giving the authors' names (alphabetically), the titles, and the number of volumes. On the first day of each subsequent quarter of the year this return shall be compared with the books on hand, and a supplementary re- port made of the additions and losses, if any, which have occurred during the quarter. Art. 1139. Records of exam- A list of persons examined, embracing the particulars on (Form X) {nations for promo- ,,,.,,,, j 111 j , ,, ,. , tion or appoint- shall be kept by all boards of medical examiners, and by all medical officers charged with the physical examination of candidates for ap- pointment as officers in the Navy, and of officers for promotion, returns of which shall be made as directed in Art. 1140. Art. 1140. Abstract of en- The abstract of enlistments and rejections will be compiled from 8 "^ **" ections! 8 " **" tne ^ st * persons examined. In this return the names shall be ar- ranged in alphabetical order, the surnames first, and in the case of rejections the cause of rejection shall be fully stated. The abstract should be sent to the bureau in pasteboard case, or in a rolled form around a firm center to avoid breaking by folding. Art. 1141. Bill book. The senior medical officer of each hospital and shore station shall keep, or cause to be kept, a bill book, in which shall be entered a copy of the items of every voucher forwarded to the bureau for approval, noting the number of the form on which the voucher was made, the date, and in whose favor. This bill book shall be retained as one of the permanent records. Art. 1142. Patients received The senior medical officer of a ship returning to the United States Unttedlstatef. 6 shall, when patients are received for transportation to hospital, enter such patients on his journal, and account for them as the sick of the ship. He shall note on his journal the record of their cases as entered on the hospital tickets, and, after indorsing on the hospital tickets anything of interest in their cases that may have occurred while un- der his charge, he shall forward the hospital tickets with the patients when transferred to hospital. Art. 1143. Reports of phys- In order that the naval academy records of the physical condition of naYai C cadetsserv- naval cadets may be complete, and that the board of medical officers ing afloat. making the physical examination of cadets before final graduation may have all necessary information, the senior medical officer shall when naval cadets are detached from seagoing ships, either for MEDICAL INSTRUCTIONS. 245 transfer to other ships, to return to the United States, or upon the completion of a cruise forward duplicate reports to the Navy De- partment of the physical condition of the naval cadets during their service on board said ship and at its termination; also, a full account of all cases of serious illness or injuries that may have occurred to them. Art. 1144. Apothecaries and all other persons employed in the medical depart- Employe to hay* . A , , T . .-... j e j L no financial deaV ment of the Navy are prohibited from accepting donations or bequests ings with patient* from patients or contractors, or from the friends of either, and from acting as administrator or executor for, or receiving on deposit any article of value from any patient. Art. 1145. Any medical officer desirous of making investigations may apply Microscopes, to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery for a microscope and attach- ments, which, when furnished, will be under his personal charge, and he shall be responsible for its care and preservation. While it is in his charge he will be required to forward to the bureau, at the end of each quarter, mounted specimens, illustrative of the work upon which he is engaged; and when his investigations have ended he shall return the microscope and attachments to the bureau. He will be required to supply any deficiencies in the microscope or attachments (other than those supplied for expenditure), which may be noted on its return. Art. 1146. 1. Authority for admission to the Army and Navy General Hospital Army and Navy at Hot Springs, Arkansas, may be obtained by officers and enlisted SpiTngs* Arkansas! men of the Navy and marine corps, both on the active and retired lists, from the Surgeon General of the Navy on the report of a board of medical survey, or, when that is impracticable, on the certificate of a naval medical officer, which shall set forth clearly the particular disability under which the applicant labors. 2. The hospital accommodation will be divided between applicants from the military and naval services and the marine corps. The length of treatment in hospital will be determined by the medical officer in charge. CHAPTER XXIY. PAY AND ALLOWANCES. SECTION 1. PAY OF THE NAVY. Art. 1147. The pay of officers of the Navy on the active and the retired lists Pay of office , , ,*, regulated by Con- is regulated by Congress. g^. Art. 1148. When a volunteer naval service is authorized by law, the officers Pay of volunteer therein shall be entitled to receive the same pay as officers of the mcers - same grades, respectively, in the regular Navy. Art. 1149. No officer or other person whose salary, pay, or emoluments are fixed Extra pay or , ,. , ,, . jj-i- i emoluments for- by law or regulations shall receive any additional pay, extra allow- bidden. ance, or compensation for the disbursement of public money, or for any other service or duty, unless the same is authorized by law, and the appropriation therefor explicitly states that it is for such addi- tional pay, extra allowance, or compensation. Art. 1150. The Secretary of the Navy shall deduct from the pay due each offi- Hospital fund, cer, seaman, and marine in the Navy at the rate of twenty cents per month for each person, to be applied to the fund for navy hospitals. Art. 1151. The pay of chiefs of bureau in the Navy Department shall be the Chiefs of bureau. highest pay of the grade to which they belong, but not below that of commodore. Art. 1152. 1. Officers shall be entitled to sea pay while attached to and serving Sea pay. on board of any ship in commission under the control of the Navy Department, the Coast Survey, or the Fish Commission. 2. Credit for sea service does not necessarily depend upon the right Distinct from sea to draw sea pay. 3. An officer temporarily absent from a ship in commission to which sea pay con- he is attached, in attendance upon a civil court, shall continue to tending* court* * receive sea pay if not detached from the ship. 4. If ordered home from abroad, he shall continue to receive sea While returning i iv. TT -i j Qi 4 -jji. from abroad in a pay until his arrival in the United States, provided he returns in a ehipofthe Navy. ship of the Navy; and shall also receive a ration or commutation therefor. 247 248 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1153. When sea pay An officer's sea pay shall begin from the date of reporting for duty begins. Qn b oar( j t h e ghip designated in his orders, provided the ship be actually in commission. If the ship should not be in commission, he shall receive other duty pay from the date of reporting until she is commissioned, when his sea pay will begin. Art. 1154. Fleet staff officers. 1. No officer shall be entitled to the pay of surgeon, paymaster, or engineer of the fleet unless he shall have been specially designated or ordered as such by the Secretary of the Navy. 2. The pay of fleet officers, as such, shall not begin until the flag- ship reaches her station, unless the flag officer should assume com- mand, in presence of the squadron, before it leaves a United States port. Art. 1155. Persons acting as Any person performing the duties of paymaster or assistant pay- ' ' master in a ship at sea by appointment of the senior officer present in case of vacancy of such office, as provided in Art. 707, shall be entitled to receive the pay of such grade while so acting. Art. 1156. Other duty pay. 1. Officers of the Navy when performing, under orders, any duty which does not entitle them to sea pay (Art. 1152) shall receive shore or other duty pay. Officers travel- 2. An officer proceeding to a station or returning from one, under ere ' orders not given at his own request or for his convenience or accom- modation, shall receive other duty pay while traveling from or to his domicile or station, provided there shall be no unnecessary delay on his part. When ordered 3. When detached from one ship and ordered to another, both being from one ship to . . . ... . . another. in commission, without any intervening order, he shall receive sea pay while in transit. Before an exam- 4. An officer not attached to a ship in commission, when ordered to imng board. appear before an examining board, shall receive other duty pay while waiting for or while actually under examination. Before a court- 5. An officer not on duty, when ordered as a member of or a witness before a court-martial, shall receive other duty pay. Members of a 6. Members of a court-martial shall receive other duty pay from the sourt-martiai. ^ mQ Q i ea yj n g their domiciles until their return thereto by order of the Department, though they may have been in the interval temporarily relieved from attendance by the president of the court. An officer tried 7. An officer ordered for trial before a court-martial shall receive by court-martial. . . , . other duty pay. Dutyin thecoast 8. Officers ordered to report by letter to the Secretary of the Treas- ury, for duty in the Coast Survey, shall not be entitled to other duty pay until they leave their domiciles in obedience to orders from the Secretary of the Treasury. PAY AND ALLOWANCES. 249 Officers traveling a Suspension from 6 " 06 Settling accounts. Furlough pay. Art. 1157. 1. Officers of the Navy on the active list, when not on duty or on Leave or waiting furlough, shall receive the leave or waiting orders pay of their re- spective grades. 2. An officer shall receive waiting orders pay while returning to the United States from a foreign station, when detached at his own re- quest with permission to return after an unnecessary delay; or while traveling abroad, if not on duty. 3. An officer suspended from duty by sentence of court-martial shall receive waiting orders pay, unless otherwise provided in the sentence, 4. Pay officers shall receive other duty pay while settling their ac- counts; not, however, for a longer period than hereinafter specified. Beyond that period they shall receive waiting orders pay. Art. 1158. 1. Officers on furlough shall receive only one-half of the pay to which they would have been entitled if on leave of absence. 2. An officer furloughed for a specified time shall receive waiting orders pay from the expiration of that period. 3. If ordered to duty and detached therefrom before the expiration of the specified term of furlough, he shall when detached receive waiting orders pay. Art. 1159. 1. There shall be no promotion or increase of pay in the retired list of the Navy, but the rank and pay of officers on the retired list shall remain the same as they are when such officers are retired. 2. An officer shall receive only the retired pay of his grade after the date of his retirement, even though he may have been kept on active duty after that date; except in time of war, if detailed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, for the command of a ship or squadron, when he shall receive the full pay of his grade. Art. 1160. An officer of the Navy wholly retired is entitled to one year's waiting orders pay of his grade, and his name shall be omitted from the Navy Register. Art 1161. 1. The pay of an officer of the Navy upon his original entry into the service, except when he is required to give an official bond, shall begin upon the date of his taking the oath of office, if his acceptance of the appointment bears the same or a prior date; or upon the date of acceptance, if the latter bears a later date. Where he is required to give a bond, his pay shall begin upon the date of the approval of his bond by the Secretary of the Navy. 2. An officer not bonded, on first claiming pay after his entry into the service, shall furnish the pay officer with a copy of his appoint- ment and oath of allegiance, or of the letter accompanying his com- Retired pay. Pay after retire- duty.' An officer wholly re Pay on original 17 in I 250 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. mission or warrant, certified by himself to be correct; and in his cer- tificate he shall state the date of his acceptance of the appointment and of his taking the oath required. An assistant paymaster shall furnish a certified copy of the letter approving his bond, in addition to the above. Art. 1162. Hates for longev- An officer shall not be credited with the increased pay allowed for length of service or promotion, until the case has been referred by himself, or by the pay officer having his accounts, to the Fourth Au- ditor, who will furnish the date upon which such increase begins. Art. 1163. Promotion of pay An assistant paymaster when promoted is entitled to increased pay officer. from the date of his promotion, his bond as assistant paymaster be- ing binding until his new bond in the higher grade is approved. Art. 1164. Personal ao- The personal accounts of a pay officer shall not be taken up by ficersf P * y " another pay officer, unless such transfer be authorized by the Fourth Auditor. Art. 1165. Account* of of- When an officer is granted leave of absence, placed on furlough, or nty ' directed to await orders, his account shall be transferred to the Fourth Auditor's office, or to the pay officer of such shore station as he may prefer. 2. The accounts of officers who are paid through the Fourth Au- ditor's office will be settled only at the end of each quarter of the calendar year, or at the period of their transfer to some disbursing officer. Art. 1166. Temporary leave A temporary leave of absence does not detach an officer from duty nor affect his rate of pay. Art. 1167. Orders involving An officer whose orders involve a change in the rate of his pay shall pay. ange f rate f present them to the pay officer having his accounts, for the prepara- tion of such copies of the orders and indorsements as he may require. The officer shall certify the copies and also the time he left or arrived at his station or domicile. Art. 1168. Preparatory or- Preparatory orders do not change the rate of pay of an officer re- ders ' ceiving them. Art. 1169. Officers failing If an officer fails to pass the examination preliminary to promotion, tion'fbr promotion and passes upon a subsequent one, or if he fails to attend when or- t proper time. dered or permitted to be thus examined, for any cause other than physi* cal disability, and afterward, on examination, is found qualified and promoted, his pay for the higher grade will begin on the date of his new commission. PAY AND ALLOWANCES. 251 Art. 1170. Officers resigning from the service or dismissed shall be paid up Officers leaving; the service. to, and inclusive of, the day upon which they receive official notice of auch dismissal or of the acceptance of resignation, unless some other date is particularly mentioned as the date from which it shall take effect. Art. 1171. The pay to be allowed to petty officers and the pay and bounty Py of enlisted *. , men fixed by the upon enlistment of seamen, ordinary seamen, firemen, and coal president. passers in the naval service shall be fixed by the President. Art. 1172. 1, Any person who, after having enlisted in the Navy for a term Continuons-terr- of three years and received an honorable discharge or a recommen- dation for reenlistment upon the expiration of his term of service, reenlists for three years within three months from the date of his discharge, shall receive an increase of one dollar per month, to the pay prescribed for the rating in which he serves, for each consecutive reenlistment. 2. Should the holder of any discharge from the Navy fail to reen- When additional list within three months from the date of its issue, he will receive no p * y w pecuniary advantage on account of his previous naval service. Art. 1173. Any person holding an honorable discharge, who reenlists for three Honorable die- years within three months from the date of its issue, shall be entitled it/for 8 ." 1 * 11 ' 81 * 111 ' to a gratuity equal to three months' pay, reckoned at the same rate he was being paid when last discharged. Art. 1174. 1. All petty officers and persons of inferior rating serving either on Detention be- foreign stations or in home squadrons, who are detained beyond the enlistment? " terms of service according to the provisions of section 1422, Revised Statutes, or who, after the termination of their service, voluntarily reenter to serve until the return to an Atlantic or Pacific port of the ship to which they belong, and until their regular discharge there- from, shall, for the time during which they are so detained or so serve beyond their original terms of service, receive an addition of one-fourth of their pay, in the respective grades they may have held during such detention or reenlistment. But such additional pay shall not continue longer than thirty days after their arrival in a home port. 2. In order to sustain a charge for such additional payment, the pay officer must produce, upon the settlement of his account, a cer- tificate of the captain that the persons to whom such additional com- pensation has been allowed did reenlist as aforesaid, or were detained by him under the section referred to. 252 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1175. Seamen perform- Every seaman, ordinary seaman, or landsman who performs the Ing duty in engine , , . , , . department. duty of a fireman or coal passer shall be entitled to receive, in addi- tion to his compensation as seaman, ordinary seaman, or landsman, a compensation at the rate of thirty-three cents a day for the time he is employed as fireman or coal passer. Art. 1176. Seamen trans- A seaman transferred to a merchant ship in distress and paid thereon, distress. * is not entitled to be paid by the United States for the time so engaged; but it shall be the duty of his commanding officer to stipulate that such seaman's wages shall equal his pay in the Navy, and the amount agreed upon shall be entered upon the articles. Art. 1177. Men absent with- Petty officers or enlisted men absent from their stations or duty ont lea it witnout Ieav6) or after tneir leave has expired> shall forfeit all pay accruing during such unauthorized absence. Art. 1178. Rewards paid for Money paid for rewards or expenses of deserters or stragglers, and checked against their personal accounts, is regarded as an authorized overpayment, and must in all cases, be shown on public bills approved by the commanding officer. Art. 1179. Vouchers for The checkage of a loss of pay against a person's account, in ac- c^ec age o o cor( j ance w jt n regulation or the sentence of a court-martial, shall be made upon the written order of his commanding officer to the pay officer, which order shall be filed with the accounts. SECTION 2. PAY AND ALLOWANCES OF MARINE CORPS. Art. 1180. Marine paysame The officers of the Marine Corps shall be entitled to receive the nfantry. game p ay an( j allowances, and the enlisted men shall be entitled to receive the same pay and bounty for reenlisting, as are or may be pro- vided by or in pursuance of law for the officers and enlisted men of like grades in the infantry of the Army. Art. 1181. Longerity pay. 1. All officers of the Marine Corps are entitled to ten per cent, in addition to their current yearly pay, as given in the pay tables, for each and every period of five years' service, provided the total amount of such increase shall not exceed forty per cent, of their current yearly pay; and provided further, that the pay of a colonel shall not exceed four thousand five hundred dollars per annum, and that of a lieutenant colonel four thousand dollars per annum. 2. In calculating the increased pay of marine officers for length of service, the whole term of service from the date of original entry shall be taken, and not alone the period of service in the rank which they hold. PAY AND ALLOWANCES. 253 Art. 1182. The Secretary of the Navy shall deduct from the pay due each Hospital fund, of the officers and enlisted men of the Marine Corps at the rate of twenty cents per month for each officer and marine, to be applied to the fund for Navy hospitals. Art 1183. 1. Marine officers when absent on account of sickness or wounds, Rates of pay or lawfully absent from duty and waiting orders, shall receive full s ^f^. g ea pay; when absent with leave, for other causes, full pay during such absence not exceeding in the aggregate thirty days in one year, and half pay during such absence exceeding thirty days in one year, except as hereafter provided. When absent without leave, they shall forfeit all pay during such absence, unless the absence is excused as unavoid- able. 2. All officers on duty shall be allowed, in the discretion of the Sec- retary of the Navy, sixty days' leave of absence without deduction of pay or allowance, provided that the same be taken once in two years; and the leave of absence may be extended to three months, if taken once only in three years, or four months if taken only once in four years. Art. 1184. Marine officers retired from active service shall receive seventy-five Pay of retired per cent, of the pay of the rank upon which they are retired, in- m eluding the percentage added for length of service. Art. 1185. Marine officers wholly retired from the service shall be entitled to Marine officers , . ... , , ,, . A , wholly retired. receive, upon their retirement, one year s pay and allowances of the highest rank held by them at the time of their retirement. Art. 1186. The annual salaries of marine officers shall be paid in monthly pay- salaries to be ments by the paymaster. Pay officers of the Navy will, in making P aidmonthl y- such payments, follow the method pursued by the paymaster of the Marine Corps. Art. 1187. 1. No allowances shall be made to officers in addition to their pay, Additional allow- except as herein provided. 2. Marine officers are entitled to draw forage from the quarter- Forage; no corn- master's department if it be allowed by law and army regulations, but m no commutation for forage shall be paid. 8. Allowance of or commutation for fuel is prohibited; but fuel may Fuel, be furnished to officers on the active list by the quartermaster's de- partment at rates established by law, and according to army regula- tions. 4. At all posts and stations where there are public quarters belong- Quarters, and ing to the United States, officers may be furnished with quarters in therefor. 254 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. kind in such public quarters, and not elsewhere. At places where there are no public quarters available, commutation therefor may be paid as allowed by the rules and regulations of the Army. Art. 1188. Allowance of Enlisted men of the Marine Corps are entitled to an annual allow- dmenf ance of uniform clothing. Any articles drawn in excess of this allow- ance shall be charged against them, and for articles not drawn they shall receive pay according to the annual estimated value thereof ; but such amounts shall not be paid until final discharge from the service. Art 1189. Regulations in l. All enlisted men serving on a first period of five years' service a|* r ' shall be entitled to one dollar per month for the third year, two dol- lars per month for the fourth year, and three dollars per month for the fifth year's service, in addition to the prescribed pay, which addi- tional amounts will be retained until expiration of service, and paid only upon final settlement and honorable discharge. 2. The sum of four dollars per month shall be retained from the monthly pay of each enlisted man for the first year of his enlistment, which sum shall not be paid him until his discharge from the service, and shall be forfeited unless he serves honestly and faithfully to the date of discharge. 3. The sum of one dollar per month shall be retained from the pay of all men serving under a reenlistment. This sum is not included in the rates of pay as published in the official Navy Register, and shall be credited and paid only as prescribed in this article for retained pay on a first enlistment. 4. Interest at the rate of four per cent, per annum shall be allowed on the retained pay provided for in this article, from the end of the year of the man's enlistment in which it shall have accrued. Art. 1190. Musicans of the 1. The musicians of the marine bind shall be entitled to receive at the rate of four dollars a month, each, in addition to their pay as non- commissioned officers, musicians, or privates of the Marine Corps, so long as they shall perform, by the order of the Secretary of the Navy or other superior officer, on the capitol grounds or the President's grounds. 2. The provisions of Art. 1189 do not apply to the marine band. Art. 1191. Pay and allow- Enlisted men of the marine corps when retired shall receive three- men 8 retired 1 from fourths of their pay and allowances at the time of retirement, includ- active service. j n g commutation for subsistence and clothing, but not including fuel and quarters. They Khali have the usual allowance for travel to their places of enlistment PAY AND ALLOWANCES. 255 SECTION 3. SUBSISTENCE. Art. 1192. 1. All officers of the Navy are entitled to one ration or to commuta- Rations, or com- ... , , , . . mutation therefor, tion therefor, while at sea or attached to seagoing vessel. when allowed. 2. All enlisted men and boys in the Navy attached to any United States vessel or station and doing duty thereon, and naval cadets, shall be allowed a ration or commutation thereof. 3. The noncommissioned officers, privates, and musicians of the Marine Corps attached to ships of the Navy shall each be entitled to receive one Navy ration daily. 4. Enlisted men on board a ship for duty or passage, but not borne upon the rolls, are supernumeraries entitled to pay and shall be rationed with the crew upon the order of the captain. 5. The rations of enlisted men shall be commuted only upon the order of the captain. Art. 1193. 1. Rations shall not be allowed to officers on the retired list. 2. The law does not provide for the allowance of rations to com- Rations when not missioned officers of the Marine Corps. Art. 1194. Prisoners embarked in a ship of the Navy shall be subsisted as Subsistence of follows, the sums allowed to be credited to the mess and paid by the ^d Tn^hipTof^he pay officer for each person. Nav y- In the cabin at two dollars per day; in the wardroom at one dollar and fifty cents per day; and in any other officers' mess at one dollar per day. If not in an officers' mess, one ration will be allowed. No other charge shall be made, nor shall any person thus conveyed be required to pay any compensation to the mess in which he may live. Art. 1195. For the subsistence of pilots, one dollar and fifty cents per day will subsistence of be allowed to a wardroom mess, and one dollar per day to any other P llote - officers' mess. When messed in any other than an officers' mess, or by themselves, they will be allowed one ration. Art. 1196. Vouchers for payments to messes for subsistence of authorized pas- Vouch era for sub- sengers must give a list of the persons subsisted, the length of time subsisted, and by what mess. Art. 1197. 1. No allowance will be made to any mess for the subsistence of NO allowance for officers ordered to take passage in a ship of the Navy. o^civ^offic'eriTas 2. There being no allowance for a minister or other civil officer for P aS8en s ers - whom passage may be ordered in a Government ship, provision must be made and the expense defrayed by such passenger himself. 256 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1198. Deduction of The value of one ration per day shall be deducted from the pay of valueofrationfrom . _. , ... , . , . . pay of persons in every naval oflBcer, seaman, or marine admitted into a naval hospital hospital. during his continuance therein, which amount shall be credited to the naval hospital fund by the pay officers on whose books such persons are borne. Art. 1199. Rations of officers Officers of the Navy on sea service are entitled to their rations temporarily on . . , , . shore while per- while temporarily doing the duty of the ship on shore. forming sea serv- ice. Art. 1200. Pay clerks and A. pay clerk, assisting a pay officer to settle his accounts, will be yeomen assisting in " . . settlement of ac- allowed pay, but not rations during the time so employed. counts. Art. 1201. Subsistence of of- Officers and men of the Navy or Marine Corps under orders to act while cooperating on shore in cooperation with the land troops, will be rationed, upon requisition of the commanding officer, by the subsistence department of the Army. SECTION 4. ADVANCES. Art. 1202. Authority for ad- The President of the United States may direct such advance as he may deem necessary and proper to such persons in the naval service as may be employed on distant stations, where the discharge of the pay and emoluments to which they are entitled cannot be regularly effected. Art. 1203. Restrictions as to Overpayments, other than such as are produced by authorized ad- vances, will be invariably disallowed, whether made in money, cloth- ing, or small stores, excepting payments for the commutation of rations, and such advances in clothing or small stores as may have been made by the previous order of the captain of a ship, upon the ground that they were necessary to the health and comfort of the men, which order must be produced. A general approval of the roll in which the advances are charged will not be sufficient. Art. 1204. Advances to offl- All officers of the Navy when ordered to the Asiatic, South Atlantic, efgnd'uty r . edt0f0r " European, or Pacific stations shall be entitled to an advance equal to three months' sea pay, and when ordered to other sea duty to an ad- vance equal to two months' sea pay, provided they have not received an advance of pay within the previous twelve months, the statement of the officer as to when he received the last advance being sufficient. 1. This advance will be paid by any purchasing pay officer on the presentation of his orders by any officer of the Navy. Transfer from 2. Officers transferred from one ship to another, both being in com- oTher. BhlP i "*" mission for sea service, are not entitled to an advance of pay on ac- count of such transfer. PAY AND ALLOWANCES. 257 8. Officers are entitled to receive the pay due them up to the date Advances not of sailing, without reference to the advance received. Should the La*. e ship, however, be detained beyond the time covered in such advance, officers shall have the amount checked against them by the pay offi- cer; but may, upon proper application, receive an additional advance at the discretion of the Secretary of the Navy. 4. The purchasing pay officer shall, on paying an advance, indorse Pnt.v of officer upon the original order of the officer receiving it the date and the ^^ K * h e ad ~ amount advanced: and he shall also notify the pay officer of the ship, without delay, of every such advance paid. A certified copy of the order upon which advanced pay is furnished should in all cases accompany the voucher. 5. Every officer who, after being ordered to duty, receives an advance Duty of officers of pay shall immediately give notice thereof to the pay officer taking vance. mg ' up his accounts, and no officer shall knowingly receive pay which should be checked against such advance. 6. In cases where such advance of pay has been made, the pay offi- Duty of pay offi- cer of the ship on board of which the officer receiving it reports for ce duty shall, without delay, inform both the Fourth Auditor and the purchasing pay officer who made the advance, of the name of the ship to which such officer is first attached, the officer's name and rank, the date of the order, amount of pay advanced, and from whom received. 7. Pay clerks may, upon application to the Secretary of the Navy, Pay clerks, be allowed an advance as herein provided. Art. 1205. When an advance shall be made to an officer, on competent author- Advances on or- ... 11*1 * i_. ders to travel ity, for travel in foreign countries or to join or return from a ship on abroad, a foreign station, he shall immediately on performing such travel transmit a statement to the Fourth Auditor, accompanied, when pos- sible, by substantiating vouchers, showing in detail the necessary expenditures he has incurred for such travel, and shall also transmit at the same time the original order under which it was performed. Art. 1206. The ration is not pay and will not be commuted in advance, nor Ration money shall commuted rations go to liquidate indebtedness to the Govern- dl ment, except when desired by the individuals commuting them. Art. 1207. In all cases of advances or overpayments stated on the rolls, the Entry on roils of name of the pay officer making such advance or overpayment, as payments. ' well as the station or ship, should be entered over the amount. Art. 1208. 1. Recruiting officers shall make no advance of pay except by ex- Advances to re- press orders; and in all cases of making advances the amount advanced cr to petty officers, if any such enlistment should be authorized, shall not exceed the amount advanced for seamen; and good security is to be 13448-17 258 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. taken for all advance until the person receiving it shall have been received and mustered on board of a ship of the United States. 2. Recruiting officers shall not pay any advance or bounty money except to the person entitled to receive it ; and they must produce his receipt, together with a certificate from the commanding officer of the ship to which the person may be sent, that he had been actually received on board. . 3. Recruits will be provided with necessary clothing and small stores upon the written order of the captain of the ship, and if an advance in money has not been paid, the amount of such issues shall be deducted from the advance. 4. The pay officer of a receiving ship, when recruits are received to whom an advance has been paid, shall certify to the recruiting officer that the amounts of money paid to the recruits, as exhibited by the accounts received, have been duly charged to them. SECTION 5. ALLOTMENTS. Art. 1209. Assignments of Every assignment of wages due to persons enlisted in the naval service, and all powers of attorney or other authority to draw, receipt for, or transfer the same shall be void, unless attested by the com- manding officer and paymaster. The assignment of wages must specify the precise time when they commence. Art. 1210. Allotments. x. Allotments shall be made out by the pay officer for all persons on board entitled to leave them, at the earliest moment after a ship is commissioned; and after approval they shall be promptly forwarded by him, as herein required, in order to insure payment when due. Must not exceed 3. An allotment must not exceed one-half the pay of the person granting it, except by the special permission of the Secretary of the Navy. Petty officers and enlisted persons shall be allowed to allot only a sum not exceeding one-half the wages corresponding with the rating they received on entry. Any subsequent rating conferred shall not govern in determining the amount that may be allotted. How made.regis- 3. An allotment must be confined to making provision for the sup- port of the family or other relatives of the grantor, or for his own savings, for such time as he may be absent on public duty. It shall not be made payable on any other than the last day of the month. After having been signed, it must be approved by the commanding officer of the ship or station to which the person making it is attached, and registered by the pay officer of such ship or station, who shall be responsible for its deduction from the grantor's pay. In special cases, it may be registered at the Fourth Auditor's office. It shall be executed in duplicate, and, in the case of an enlisted man or petty officer, witnessed by a commissioned or warrant officer, both copies being forwarded to the Fourth Auditor, who will forward to the purchasing pay officers the copies intended for them. PAY AND ALLOWANCES. 259 4. The death, discharge, resignation, forfeiture of pay by sentence Death or dis- of court-martial, or desertion of a person who has an allotment run- having allotment! ning will be cause for stopping the same, and the pay officer of the ship to which the person was attached shall notify the Fourth Audi- tor's office by the first opportunity that may occur; in default of which the pay officer will be held liable for amounts paid by the purchasing pay officer in consequence of such neglect. When an allotment is stopped, the pay officer shall charge the allotment for as many months in advance as will probably be required for informa- tion to reach the Fourth Auditor's office. 5. Immediately upon the return of a ship to the United States, at Expiration of, by the expiration of her cruise, the pay officer shall send to the Fourth wise. Auditor's office a list of the allotments to be stopped. He shall also notify that office of the expiration of any allotment by limitation, stating the amount checked by himself and the last month for which checked. 6. In cases of the capture of officers or men who have granted Cases of capture, allotments to con- allotments which may expire after their capture, the monthly pay- tinue. ments of the same shall be continued until otherwise ordered. Art. 1211. An indebtedness arising from an authorized advance shall not . Advance not to interfere with the registry of an allotment; it shall be registered to lotment. be paid at once in the same manner as if no advance had been made. Art. 1212. Boys enlisted to serve until they are twenty-one years of age shall Apprentices can not be permitted to allot any part of their pay until they shall have ments, e except a been transferred to the general service, and have thirty dollars due them on the account books of the ship. Art. 1213. The allotment of men transferred from a seagoing ship to a hos- Men transferred to hospital, allot- pital shall be continued the same as if at sea. ment to continue. Art. 1214. When the grantor of an allotment is soon entitled to discharge, and Allotments to be stonpeu boi'ore dis- Is so much in debt to the United States that it will require the whole charge of persona or a part of his allotted pay to cancel his obligation, the pay officer shall m debt inform the commanding officer and shall stop such allotment by the usual process, giving the facts as reason therefor. Art. 1215. Upon receiving information of the death of any person to whom an Death of persons allotment is payable by him, a purchasing pay officer shall immedi- men^saVe'payabie." ately apprise the Fourth Auditor of the fact. Art. 1216. 1. A pay officer shall, upon transferring the accounts of any person Transfer otac- having an allotment, immediately inform the Fourth Auditor of the hav^aUoUnlnts? fact, giving the name of the ship and of the pay officer to whom the 260 D. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. transfer is made, and stating the whole sum checked by himself and the last month for which checked. 2. When a pay officer is relieved and transfers the accounts of of- ficers and crew to a successor, he shall, without waiting for his final accounts to be made up, immediately notify the Fourth Auditor of the transfer of allotments. Art. 1217. Allotments once i. When an allotment is discontinued, at the request of the person discontinued not to .,. , . ,., x. . >., . 1. ,_ n. . be renewed except, making it, before the expiration of the term for which it is granted, it shall not be renewed within that term except by permission of the Navy Department, on satisfactory reasons being given for such discontinuance and renewal. 2. All correspondence on the subject of allotments must be with the Fourth Auditor. SECTION 6. TRAVEL. Art. 1218. Mileage. 1. Officers of the Navy traveling under orders in the United States shall be allowed eight cents per mile, while so engaged, in lieu of their actual expenses. Allowance for 2. Officers of the Navy traveling abroad under orders shall travel by the most direct route, the occasion and necessity for such order to be certified by the officer issuing the same; and shall receive, in lieu of mileage, only their actual and reasonable expenses, certified over their own signatures and approved by the Secretary of the Navy. Allowances only 3. NO officer shall be paid mileage except for travel actually per- for travel actually , , . , ,. , performed. formed at his own expense and in obedience to orders. Orders must have 4. No allowance shall be made for traveling expenses unless the tary'aftheNavy" same be incurred on the order of the Secretary of the Navy, or the al- lowance be approved by him. Terminal points 5. Orders of officers involving travel must designate the place from of travel to be des- ... ... ... i_ i_ it i *. i. ignated in orders, which, and the point or points to which, the travel is to be performed. Art. 1219. Expenses not ai- i. Officers and other persons in the Navy traveling by Government ing by Government conveyance, under orders or authority derived from the Navy Depart- ment, shall not be paid mileage. Permissory orders 3. An order merely permitting an officer to appear before an examin- do not entitle to . , , . . , JM\\ -i mileage. ing board or a court of inquiry does not entitle him to mileage. 3. An order detaching an officer from a ship abroad and granting him permission to return home does not entitle him to traveling ex- penses or mileage. NO travel ex- 4. No expenses for travel to attend the funeral of a naval officer attTn^ng^unerafc who dies in the United States shall be allowed. ofofficersinUnited A _*. -i o o /> States. ** 12ZO. Mileage, by * Mileage for travel in the United States will be paid, upon th, whom paid. presentation of original orders, issued or approved by the Navy De- PAY AND ALLOWANCES. 261 partment, at any navy pay office or by the pay officers of the stations at Portsmouth, Key West, Pensacola, Newport, and New London. 2. AJQ officer shall certify to such copies of his orders as maybe Certificate re- ., ' quired as Toucher. required as vouchers by the pay officer; also, that he actually per- formed the travel in obedience to such orders, at his own expense, and without transportation in a Government conveyance. In draw- ing mileage to his home, he shall certify upon his orders his residence, which must correspond to his usual residence, as recorded in the Bureau of Navigation. 8. Bills for mileage shall show the process by which the whole dis- Calculation of distances for nule- tance was calculated, giving the distance from point to point and age. stating how obtained, if not from the official tables of distances pub- lished by the "War Department. 4. When a doubt exists as to the distance traveled, the certificate of the officer, stating the route by which he traveled, with the dis- tance thereon, and that it was the shortest usual route, shall be received as evidence, if the post office records do not determine it. Art. 1221. 1. Allowances for travel performed out of the United States will be Expenses for paid only upon the order of the Fourth Auditor, to whom the original fa id. ' orders requiring such travel must be presented. The expenses must be shown by vouchers in the usual form, unless the officer certifies that it was not practicable to obtain them, in which case his own cer- tificate to a detailed statement of the actual and necessary expenses will be received as sufficient evidence. 2. Detention at any place on the way must be certified by the officer Necessary deten- to have been necessarily incurred in awaiting the next conveyance. tion ' 3. The amount of baggage for which necessary expenses of trans- Allowance of portation may be allowed (R. S., Sec. 1566) shall not exceed five hundred b * s z*s*- pounds for commanding officers and four hundred pounds for other officers. Art. 1222. 1. Pay officers shall, in all cases when paying traveling expenses indorsement on or mileage, indorse over their signature on the original orders of the of d travei P aiiowan^ officer, as well as on the copies retained for vouchers, the date of ces - payment, the amount paid, and the points of departure and arrival. 2. In case an order is confidential, or several subjects are embraced in it, an extract pertinent to the service for which payment is made should be taken and used. Art. 1223. An officer who changes his official residence without due notice Unauthorized and permission of the Navy Department shall not, if ordered to duty, dence. ge be entitled to mileage in excess of that from his former place of resi- dence as recorded at the Department. 262 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1224. No allowance No allowance will be made for the expenses of persons undergoing made for expenses ., -,-,.,* of persons under- examination for appointments, except as provided by law for naval going examination ca( J ets . for appointments. Art. 1225. Allowance f o r 1. The actual expenses only of enlisted men summoned as witnesses ""*" before a court-martial shall be paid, and shall be provided by the pay officer upon order of the commanding officer of the ship or station to which they belong. 2. Citizens not in the employ of the United States, when summoned as witnesses before naval courts, shall be paid two dollars per diem and eight cents per mile from and to their domiciles. Judge advo- cates shall, in their certificates of attendance, discriminate between citizen witnesses and those who are in the emplqy of the Government of the United States. Art. 1226. Men whose term A person enlisted in the Navy within the United States, whose term ?/ hospital abroad f service expires while under treatment in hospital on a foreign sta- entitied to passage fi on 8na n upon the termination of such treatment, be entitled to a home. passage to a port of the United States. Art 1227. Transportation. j t Transportation furnished upon an officer's orders to or from duty shall be indorsed upon his original orders, and a certified copy of such orders must accompany the vouchers for the expenditure. 2. Transportation for enlisted men from one station to another will be furnished by the purchasing pay officer, when required, upon the order of the commandant or the senior officer present. 3. In cases where transportation is authorized to be secured, it must be done with the understanding that it shall be canceled if the orders are revoked. SECTION 7. MISCELLANEOUS ALLOWANCES. Art. 1228. Expense of mak- When officers of the Navy are required to make oath in answering interrogatories sent them by examining boards, the expense attending the execution thereof will be paid from " pay miscellaneous ", on the presentation of vouchers to any purchasing pay officer. Art. 1229. Extra allowance Enlisted men of the Navy not under instruction or diving for prac- tice shall, when employed in submarine diving, receive extra com- pensation at the rate of one dollar for each hour so employed under water. Breathing time, and other time necessarily out of water shall not be deducted, if not exceeding fifteen minutes, or one fifth of the whole time immersed. PAY AND ALLOWANCES. 263 Art. 1230. In the event of an enlisted man of the Navy being sentenced by , Necessary cioth- ing and small stores court-martial to confinement with loss of pay, such sentence shall not for persons sen- deprive him of such articles of clothing and small stores as may be ay? d to IOBB of deemed necessary for his health and comfort by the commanding offi- cer of the ship or barracks where he may be confined. SECTION 8. PERSONS SICK OR DISABLED. Art. 1231. 1. The pay of an enlisted man at a hospital in the United States Pay of enlisted ceases when his enlistment expires, but he may be retained for treat- m ment. 2. When sent to a hospital on a foreign station, his pay shall con- tinue after his enlistment expires and until his return to the United States. 3. If enlisted for the cruise, he shall be entitled to pay until dis- charged as though enlisted for three years. Art. 1232. For every naval officer, seaman, or marine admitted into a naval Ration deducted hospital, the institution shall be allowed one ration per day during jnhos^itai. pen his continuance therein, to be deducted from his account. Art. 1233. Expenses incurred by an officer of the Navy for medicines and Expenses incurred .,,.,,, , for medicines, etc.. medical attendance will not be allowed unless they were incurred notaiiowed,except! when he was on duty, and the medicines could not have been obtained from naval supplies, or the attendance of a naval medical officer could not have been had. Art. 1234. Officers and enlisted men of the Navy and Marine Corps when on Persons sent to duty at a place where there is no naval hospital, may be sent to other hospitals/ 111 hospitals upon the order of the commander in chief, or the senior officer present, and the expenses of such persons shall be paid from the naval hospital fund; and no other charge shall be made against their accounts than such as are made for persons under treatment at naval hospitals. SECTION 9. PERSONS DECEASED. Art. 1235. 1. When an officer on duty dies in a foreign country, the expenses funeral expenses of his funeral, not exceeding his sea pay for one month, will be de- ofnaT * lofflcerr frayed by the Government and paid by the pay officer upon whose books the name of such officer was borne for pay. Should the funeral expenses exceed the amount so allowed, the excess shall be charged against his account, and a separate bill for that amount must accompany the transfer to the Fourth Auditor. 264 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 2. No funeral expense of a naval officer who dies in the United States shall be allowed. Art. 1236. Funeral expense* l. The necessary and proper funeral expenses of an enlisted man or of enlisted men and ._ , , ,. .. ... . ... , ,. petty officers. petty officer who shall die while in actual service will be allowed when approved by the Secretary of the Navy, or if abroad by the senior officer present. 2. In the case of persons who die and are buried out of the United States, the amounts so paid shall not exceed fifty dollars each, unless due regard for decent burial renders greater expense necessary, which fact must be certified to by the officer ordering the payment of the bill. 3. Upon the transfer of a deceased person's account to the Fourth Auditor the pay officer will note thereon the amount paid by him for the funeral expenses. Art. 1237. Knnerai expenses 1. Funeral expenses of officers of the Marine Corps must be charged of officers and men ... . ., , , , , ,, ..,, of the Marine to the personal accounts of the deceased officers, and the bills sent Cor pa. as vouchers with the accounts when transmitted to the Fourth Auditor- 2. The necessary and proper funeral expenses of enlisted men of the Marine Corps, being provided for by an annual appropriation, will be allowed, and the bills for such expenses are public bills. Art. 1238. Estates of de- Balance due to deceased persons in the Navy or Marine Corps will coased persons. not be paid until their accounts have been passed upon by the Treasury officers. Persons entitled to the estates of such deceased persons must apply to the Fourth Auditor. Arrears found to be due will be paid in all cases to the proper per- sons interested, in preference to attorneys. Art. 1239. wnis of persons wills of persons in actual service must in all cases, when possible, dying in service. be in writing and attested by an officer. A nuncupative will must be reduced to writing immediately, and be attested by at least two offi- cers. The executor will be required to produce the original will or a copy" duly authenticated. Art 1240. Sale of perish- When the effects of deceased persons are sold, the account of the ceased persons. deceased will be credited in the column for " Sundry credits " on the pay roll, under the head of " Sale of effects ", with the total amount realized from such sale. The amount will be entered on the summary statement and account current as "Sale of D. M. and D. effects", and the money accounted for under " General account of advances ". PAY AND ALLOWANCES. 265 SECTION 10. PENSIONS. Art. 1241. 1. Any disabled enlisted man who has not been discharged for mis- Serrlc* pensions conduct shall, after ten years' service in the Navy, be entitled to a pen- ^e^ sion, if a board of survey appointed by the Secretary of the Navy shall recommend it. 2. After twenty years' service, any enlisted man disabled from sea service by reason of age or infirmity, who has not been discharged for misconduct, shall be entitled to a pension equal to one-half the pay of his rating when last discharged. Art. 1242. Commanding officers on shore and afloat will require from the proper official returnsof medical officers reports, made in accordance with the medical instruc- death or disabllit y- tions, of every case of death or disability occurring to persons in the naval service under their command. These reports shall be sent to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery as evidence to claims for pen- sions. Art. 1243. In all cases of injury by accident to persons in the Navy, the com- Testimony of eye manding officer shall direct a statement of the facts in the case to be dents. 8868 t0 aCC1 " made to the Surgeon General by an officer, or, in the absence of an officer, by any other trustworthy person who was a witness to the accident. The statement shall show where the accident occurred, what the injured person was doing at the time, and how the accident was caused. It shall be as brief as possible consistent with clearness. The com- manding officer shall indorse his opinion upon it, and it shall be re- ferred to in the medical journal and be forwarded to the Surgeon General. Art. 1244. In case of death, injury, or disability, where the official medical Surgeon General 'de where re- are incom- record may be incomplete, the Surgeon General shall decide as to cords 01 * 1 ' whether such death, injury, or disability was received in the line of plete< duty. OHAPTEE XXV. PART I. SUPPLIES ON SHORE. SECTION 1. CUSTODY AND CABB. Art. 1245. The custody, transfer, and issue of all supplies, and the records Responriwmy of of all property and plants at navy yards and stations belonging and appertaining to the Navy Department, with the exceptions hereinafter noted, shall be under the supervision of the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts. Art. 1246. At navy yards and stations there shall bean officer of the pay corps The general detailed as the general storekeeper, who shall, under the direction of si the Paymaster General, have charge, with the exceptions noted, of the supplies, material, manufactured articles of ships' equipment, etc., at the respective yards and stations. Art. 1247. Medical outfits for ships in commission are furnished from the Medical suppli**. naval laboratory. The senior medical officer on duty at a navy yard shall have charge of all medicines, medical supplies, instruments, and other articles provided by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery for use at the yard, for ships fitting out, or received from ships arriving. Art. 1248. The cadet storekeeper at the Naval Academy shall be detailed from Cadet store- the pay corps, and shall have authority, with the approval of the Sec- academy? retary of the Navy, to procure clothing and other necessaries for the naval cadets in the same manner as supplies are furnished to the Navy, to be issued under such regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 1249. Library books and certain articles pertaining to the Bureau of Equipment store* Equipment requiring expert training for their testing, handling, and custody shall be exempted from the charge of general storekeepers tody - BO far as their custody is concerned, but requisitions and bills will ! e prepared and accounts maintained, as for other supplies, by the general storekeeper. These exempted articles are embraced under the fol- lowing heads: 267 268 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Apparatus and materials, electric. Apparatus and materials, photographic. Apparatus and materials, navigation. Apparatus and instruments, miscellaneous. Musical instruments. Lamps and lamp fixtures. Signal lights and appendages. Books, library and nautical, charts, and music. Art. 1250. Supplies to be Supplies shall be so stored and guarded as to enable the general led ' storekeeper to assume a rigid responsibility for their proper care and expenditure. Art. 1251. Officers in charge j. Officers in charge of supplies shall exercise a constant supervi- of (supplies to exer- cise care. sion over the stores in their custody and protect them by every means in their power against deterioration from any cause. Custody of keys. 2. They shall, under the direction of the commandant of the yard or station, have charge of the keys of all storehouses and buildings containing articles for which they are responsible. The keys must never be taken out of the yard, and when not in use shall be kept in the designated place. inroices to be 3. They shall not give a receipt for articles delivered in the yard until furnished with invoices in duplicate, which shall be complete descriptive lists of the deliveries claimed, one receipt to be signed and returned to the party delivering the articles and the other to be retained. Contract supplies 4. No supplies delivered by contractors shall be received unless be ireceifve(i. n0t * marked and distinguished with the name of the contractor furnishing the same. Art. 1252. Articles manu- All articles manufactured in the various navy yards, and approved yard* J by the heads of departments to which they pertain, shall be turned into store for issue by the general storekeeper. Art. 1253. Models of ships. Models of ships, when completed, shall be taken up in the books of the general storekeeper by invoice and expended " for use ". Art 1254. Supplies to be 1. All supplies purchased with moneys appropriated for the naval Navy' a and not for service shall be deemed to be purchased for the Navy and not for any bureaus. bureau thereof, and these supplies, together with all supplies on hand, shall be arranged, classified, consolidated, and catalogued, and issued for consumption or use under such regulations as the Secretary may prescribe, without regard to the bureau for which they were pur- chased. (Act approved June 30, 1890.) SUPPLIES ON SHORE. 269 2. The appropriation " Increase of the Navy " does not come within the above clause. It is an appropriation by itself and for a specific purpose. 8. The appropriation for clothing and small stores is continuous and is intended to be self-sustaining, and can not be classified as pro- vided for by this act. 4. The appropriation for " provisions " is for a specific purpose and can not be used for any other object. Art. 1255. 1. All supplies purchased during a fiscal year shall, at navy yards . supplies to be J J kept separate dur- and stations, be kept separate from other supplies, and be held by the ing fiscal year, general storekeeper for consumption in the department for whose use they were intended when purchased. With the exception of supplies purchased under the appropriation " Increase of the Navy ", which supplies will be reserved for the purposes designated, and of such as shall have been purchased under special appropriations for specific objects or special work not then completed, all such supplies remain- ing on hand at the close of any year, together with all other stores on hand, shall thereafter be subject to requisitions of heads of depart- ments without regard to the bureau for which they were purchased. 2. Not more than one year's probable demand of supplies should be Accumulation of carried in stock, and in case of supplies that are liable to deterioration, a six months' supply is sufficient to keep on hand. Art. 1256. 1. All packages of supplies pertaining to the Bureau of Supplies Supplies pertain- and Accounts shall be marked as follows: Place and date of inspection, sufpUes^d^A^ name of contractor or dealer and date of contract or open purchase, count "- number and sizes of articles contained in each bale of clothing marked on the inner and outer coverings, the number and sizes of shoes in each box, and all marks and brands required by the contracts. All bread bags shall be marked legibly near the middle, " Bread bag, U.S. Navy". 2. No articles of clothing turned into store in a loose state shall be packed with new ones, but must be baled separately and marked with date of repacking. 3. No beef or pork shall be allowed to remain in store for a longer period than six months without being examined, and, if necessary, repickled and coopered. 4. Old bread, whether in bags or barrels, should never be put in the same room with new, nor should new bread be put in a room where weevily bread has lately been until the room shall have been thoroughly cleaned. Art. 1257. General storekeepers shall afford every facility to heads of depart- storekeeper to af- ments for obtaining information and examining supplies on hand. j^ g 270 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. SECTION 2. REQUISITIONS. Art. 1258. stub requMttoni j. ^11 expenditures of supplies by general storekeepers, for use by on general store- * keeper. any department of a yard, must be preceded by a stub requisition signed by the head of that department. Heads of depart- 2. In order that the head of the department maybe properly in- ments to be inform- ., j r j ed of cost. formed of the cost of the articles drawn, both the requisition and its stub should be submitted to the general storekeeper, who will promptly return the stub with indorsement of the cost of each item furnished in compliance with the requisition, retaining the latter, with like in- dorsement, for his office use. Art. 1259. Utilizing snp- Whenever it shall be possible to utilize supplies on hand differing in unimportant respects from those called for, substitution shall be made. Art. 1260. Object for which No requisition upon a general storekeeper shall be filled which required most be stated. fails to express the object for which supplies are wanted. Art. 1261. Supplies for j. jq" o supplies shall be drawn from store by manufacturing depart- manufacturing de- partments, ments except for specific job orders, named upon the requisitions. Of the supplies so drawn only such as are actually used shall be charged to the job. 2. When more supplies have been drawn for specific work than are used, the unused portion shall be returned into store and the job order account credited accordingly. Art. 1262. Articles not in p or articles required which are not in store, and for which articles tore, how ob- tained, in store can not be substituted, heads of departments shall submit re- quests for requisitions to be made by the general storekeeper. Such requests shall not be made by heads of departments until they have definitely ascertained that none of the articles included can be procured from the stores on hand. They shall be carefully and com- pletely filled out by the officers making them, and general store- keepers in making requisitions for the articles shall follow strictly the specifications and estimated cost as therein given. 2. If articles are required to be purchased " for general purposes", the fact shall be so stated in the request ; if for specific use, the use shall be expressed with precision. 3. The request shall bear upon its face a statement by the head of the department requiring the supplies as to the urgency of early de- livery, and whether or not the exigencies of the service will permit of their being advertised for according to law ; such statement to be embraced in a certificate by the general storekeeper upon the open purchase requisition covering the articles, submitted to the Paymaster General for action. SUPPLIES ON SHORE. 271 Art. 1263. When any article held for consumption in a particular department, ,T ra " 8 ^ r , of 8U .P- * ' plies held for a de- in accordance with Art. 1255, is needed for immediate use in another partment, in emer- department in consequence of an exigency, the article may be issued gen y- to the department requiring it if the head of the department parting with the article will certify that it is not needed in his department, or that work in progress will not be delayed, or the department be in any way embarrassed before such time as the article can have been replaced by purchase. But the head of the department receiving the article shall at once make a request for a requisition to be made for the article by the general storekeeper, who, if the article is needed, shall upon its purchase and delivery replace the article issued. The expenditure of the original article shall be at the cost at which it is borne on the books. Art. 1264. All requisitions or invoices from other departments to general , Requisitions and . ...,, . Invoices to be pre- storekeepers shall be prepared in conformity with the classified pared according to schedule, giving unit prices as well as total amounts. SECTION 3. EXPENDITTJKES. Art. 1265. Monthly expenditure vouchers, compiled from stub requisitions, Vouchers for ex- and other vouchers for supplies issued from store shall be made in p< duplicate, in accordance with the requirements for grouping and aggregating classes as directed for open purchase vouchers, and be receipted by the head of the department receiving the supplies and approved by the commandant. As the expenditure book contains all the data, the storekeeper will need but one receipted voucher for issues, which shall be sent with his quarterly balance sheet. On this voucher shall be noted, above the printed heading, the head of ex- penditure under which it is entered in the storekeeper's books, whether it is for use, condemned, or transferred. The duplicate voucher shall be retained by the officer receiving the stores. Art. 1266. Invoices of articles manufactured in navy yards by the various invoices of arti- departments shall, so far as practicable, be condensed into one cies^manafactured monthly invoice for each bureau. This practice shall not preclude the rendering of a memorandum invoice with each delivery of manu- factured articles to a storekeeper, which is necessary in order that he may be enabled to make immediate expenditure invoices, if required. Art. 1267. All expenditures of supplies shall be at an average price, deter- Unit prices, how mined by dividing the total value of the supply on hand of any article by the total quantity thereof. A new price shall be established upon the receipt of an invoice of the article. 272 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1268. Arrangement of 1. Each bureau shall arrange its prescribed outfit and allowance prescribed outfits - ,, M ,.. *. -L t j, f j . ^ and allowances. of supplies for every ship in a tabulated form, in accordance with the classification of the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts, as to the arrangement of items, under the headings "Equipage" and "Sup- plies ". 2. The former shall contain such articles as are objects of charge under Title B, and the latter all other supplies, which will be carried under Title Y. Table to be printed. 3. Immediately upon their preparation the Paymaster General shall be informed by the chiefs of bureaus of the outfits and allow- ances prescribed, and of the complement of officers, crew, and ma- rines; when he shall have the same printed in a single pamphlet with the name of the ship on the title page. Copies of allowance books shall be supplied to all navy yards and to the ships to which they apply. Articles to be A statement showing what articles in each table are to be'manu- f actured by the bureaus, the place of manufacture, and date of com- pletion of the same shall be transmitted, with the allowance tables, by the bureau concerned to the Paymaster General. Time of prepare- 4. The prescribed outfit and allowance of supplies for a ship must aHowa f nceV. flt8 and be prepared during her construction, and fully completed at least three months before the time when a contract built ship is accepted by the Government or when a navy yard built ship is ready for trial. Supplies in store. 5. A sufficient number of the allowance books shall be furnished the general storekeeper at the yard where the ship is to be fitted out, in which he will check off, in one for each department, such of the articles required by the department as are in store. He shall then assemble these articles and forward the checked allowance books to the heads of departments concerned, with the information that the supplies are ready for examination. Heads of departments shall im- mediately examine the supplies and inform the general storekeeper if, in their opinion, any of the supplies are not suitable, and can not be made so by repairs or alterations, in order that the proper articles may be obtained. Completion of 6. In reference to those articles which have been returned by the l " bureaus as "to be manufactured" and also those the repair or altera- tion of which has been authorized by the bureau interested upon the recommendation of the head of the department at the yard, the gen- eral storekeeper shall be notified by the commandant of the probable date of their completion; but heads of departments are charged with the preparation of the articles and shall make timely requisitions on the general storekeeper for the necessary material. As soon as such articles are completed they shall be delivered and invoiced to the general storekeeper, excepting very heavy or bulky articles which shall remain in charge of heads of departments as unfinished work, under Title Z, until the ship is ready to receive them, when they shall SUPPLIES ON SHORE. 273 be invoiced to the general storekeeper (Title Z to Title X), who shall in turn invoice them under the proper titles to the heads of depart- ments attached to the ship. In order that the general storekeeper's records may be perfected, heads of departments shall notify him in writing immediately upon the completion of such articles. Where the repairs, alterations, or manufacturing are done at another yard, the commandant thereof shall furnish this information to the general storekeeper af the yard where the supplies are being assembled, who shall make returns accordingly to the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts. 7. For all articles of outfit and supplies not in store at the yard and Supplies to be not returned as " to be manufactured ", the general storekeeper at the pur outfitting yard shall prepare purchase requisitions based upon the allowance books. To insure the procurement of proper articles the heads of departments at the yards shall furnish such specifications as may be deemed necessary. 8. The articles for each ship on her first commission must be used Supplies to be only for that ship, unless otherwise specifically ordered by the pay- Srved. 6 master general under the instructions of the Secretary of the Navy. When received or completed, all supplies for a ship shall be distinctly marked with her name, if of metal, by stamping; if of wood, by brand- ing; and if of canvas, by stenciling. Other supplies shall be marked by tagging. 9. Supplies shall be put on board ships by the general storekeep- Putting supplies er's force when such force is sufficient to do the work. If his force on boar Requisitions for supplies other than those pertaining to the medi- cal department and to the Marine Corps, to be furnished a ship lying- in a United States port at which there is a navy yard, shall be made in duplicate, by heads of departments requiring the supplies, through the proper channels, on the general storekeeper of the yard. If not in excess of established allowance, the commandant is authorized to direct that the articles be furnished, if in store. If not in store, open purchase requisitions snail at once be forwarded in the usual manner by the general storekeeper. If in excess of such allowance, approved requisitions must be forwarded by the commandant to the Paymaster General for his action, accompanied by open purchase requisitions by the general storekeeper for such articles as are not in store. In the matter of requisitions, the Mare Island navy yard will be considered as at the port of San Francisco. 2. When any supplies purchased or ordered from other yards, in pursuance of a ship's requisition, are delivered or received at a navy yard after the departure therefrom of the ship for which required, the facts shall immediately be reported to the Paymaster General for directions, unless the commandant is accurately informed as to the point to which it is desired the articles should be sent, in which case the shipment shall at once be made. Art. 1279. Fresh provisions. When fresh provisions can not conveniently be obtained from a general storekeeper, purchase thereof may be made by pay officers of ships. These, and such other purchases as may be specially au- thorized to be made by pay officers of ships within the limits of the United States, shall be made subject to the regulations governing purchases in foreign ports. Art. 1280. Medical supplier Requisitions for medical supplies, from ships in commission at navy yards, must be made upon the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, unless to supply some article for which there is immediate demand. Art. 1281. Freshwater. i. Requisitions for fresh water for cooking and drinking purposes only shall be prepared by the pay officer. When received it shall be taken up as provisions and invoiced to the equipment officer, in whose charge it is placed, so far as its expenditure and the amount required or on board are concerned. 2. Water for testing boilers and for their preservation shall be re- quired for by the engineer officer, and that for steam launches and steaming purposes by the equipment officer. 3. When water is received from a navy yard, the head of the de- partment making the requisition shall furnish a receipt to the general storekeeper, for the guidance of the latter in the preparation of vouch- ers under the proper appropriations. SUPPLIES AFLOAT. 279 Art. 1282. Locks and keys for especial use in the pay department may be ol> , Lockl ? an * k y * J forpay department. tained by requisition upon the general storekeeper, and shall be kept on charge and accounted for in the same manner as other contingent ' articles. Art. 1283. In the procurement and expenditure of supplies, captains and all Economy strictly other officers are strictly enjoined to be governed by the allowances established by the Navy Department, and to exercise such economy as to make them last for the full time specified, and longer if practica- ble. Unless in a case of absolute necessity, arising from accident or condemnation by survey, which must be plainly stated on the face of the requisition, or unless the article be of a character the quantity of which can not be regulated, such as tar, oil for burning, oil or tallow for lubricating, waste, emery, rivets, files, boiler iron, material for making or repairing joints about steam works, slaked lime, a disin- fectant, or a medicine, no departure from the allowances will be tol- erated. SECTION 2. CUSTODY AND CAKE. Art. 1284. Officers will not be deemed to have delivered supplies until they when responsi- shall have obtained receipts for them after their actual delivery, in recefved'h pursuance of requisitions, on board the ship for which they are in- tended, or on the ship's boats, or other means of conveyance to her, at the wharf. Art. 1285. The cargo of a store ship she 11 be kept separate from the supplies Cargo of a store withdrawn therefrom as supplies for use of the ship. Art. 1286. On board ship all supplies shall be regarded as supplies for gen- Suppiiestobe ,. . -. , ., . . treated as for gen- eral use, with the exception of provisions, clothing, and small stores, erai use. Art. 1287. The supplies shall be in the custody of the heads of departments, Heads of depart- ' n lent s to have cus- to whom they shall be invoiced direct by the general storekeeper, or tody of supplies, by the pay officer of the ship in case of purchase by such pay officer, and any supplies may be transferred from one department to another upon the approval of the captain. Art. 1288. All invoices of supplies delivered to a ship, or preliminary memo- Supplies to be randums preceding the formal papers, shall be checked off when the ery? ' supplies are delivered by the representative of the bureau concerned, or by his subordinate under his instructions. Art. 1289. When articles are furnished by general storekeepers in bales, pack- Packages t o b e ages, or casks, they need not be opened to ascertain their contents, and'invo^ed^ 1 280 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. but heads of departments shall receipt for them according to their marks. When they are opened, it shall be in the presence of another officer and the contents shall be compared with the invoice. If found to vary, a survey must be held to authenticate the fact. Art. 1290. be P stowed bore 1> The P rovision8 of a 8ni P directed to be fitted for sea may be put reporting of pay of- on board and stowed before the pay officer reports, if it be deemed necessary by the commandant of the station to expedite the sailing of the ship. In such cases an officer shall be ordered by the comman- dant to take an exact account of the provisions put on board, to the quantity of which he shall certify in triplicate, one copy for the Pay- master General, one for the general storekeeper who delivers them, and one for the pay officer of the ship. 2. Upon being furnished with this certificate, if it agrees with the invoices furnished by the general storekeeper, the pay officer shall receipt for the quantities therein specified, with the understanding that on the first convenient opportunity he may, if he desires it, have a survey to ascertain the quantities remaining on board at the time of the survey. 8. If, upon such survey, and upon an examination of the receipts and expenditures, any deficiencies greater than the percentage al- lowed for loss on issues appear, the pay officer will be credited with such deficiency in the settlement of his provision account. But the survey must be held within six months from the date of receipt, if practicable. Art. 1291. board 1 of "othing Clothing and small stores, being less needed for immediate use, and and small stores, requiring but little time to stow, should not be put on board before the pay officer reports for duty. Art. 1292. Provisions and When supplies pertaining to the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts clothing invoiced to vessels having are issued to a naval vessel having no pay officer on board, but the no pay officer. accounts of which are in charge of the pay officer attached to another vessel, a receipt shall be given by the commanding officer, and this, together with the usual invoices, shall be sent to the pay officer having the accounts of the vessel. Art. 1293. Supplies of to- i n consequence of the difficulty of securing tobacco and salt-water bacco and salt-wa- ._ , ,, tersoap. soap in foreign ports, pay officers shall, whenever an opportunity occurs, obtain such quantities as will at all times secure an adequate supply for the wants of the ship without having recourse to purchases. Art. 1294. Care of paymas- j_ rf^ e p av officer alone being held responsible for the condition of hipboard. the provisions and other supplies in his charge, it is his duty at all times to attend to their care and preservation; and if in his opinion SUPPLIES AFLOAT. 281 any of the provisions need to be overhauled, repickled, or coopered, or if the clothing needs airing, or the storerooms or bread rooms are used for other purposes or are not sufficiently ventilated, he shall rep- resent the same to the captain, who, if he deem the complaint well founded, shall direct the necessary measures to be taken to protect and preserve the stores referred to. 2. Great care should be taken to keep the bread rooms closed as much as possible, and thus exclude the air and dampness. The bread shall be stowed in boxes, bags, or in tight barrels. When a bread room shall be emptied, the pay officer shall have it carefully cleaned and washed with vinegar or carbolic acid, or white- washed; and before taking in new bread it shall be carefully exam- ined and the operation repeated, if necessary. A new supply of bread must not be stowed upon old bread, but shall be put in an empty bread rflom, if there be one; otherwise, the old bread must be taken out and the new supply stowed first. Bread bags which have been used shall, before being again filled, be thoroughly cleansed by beating and, when necessary, by washing; to kill weevils, by boiling. 3. When it is necessary to use carbolic acid to destroy weevils, or camphor to protect clothing, the purchase of these articles may be authorized by the commanding officer. 4. When tobacco is used to pack loose clothing to preserve it from moths, or soap or vinegar is needed to cleanse storerooms in the pay department, they shall be drawn and accounted for by the usual re- quisitions for ship's departments. 5. When the inspection marks on packages are nearly obliterated, pay officers shall renew them. Art. 1295. Bread bags are to be taken up on pay officers' returns under the Bread bags, how head of " Provisions ", and vouchers shall be required the same as for acconnted for - other articles under that head. Art. 1296. 1. When supplies are received from shipment, a receipted invoice Supplies received shall be transmitted immediately to the Paymaster General, which fr will be filed with the returns for the quarter in which such stores are received. 2. In cases of discrepancy between supplies received and the invoices therefor, the course pursued in like cases at navy yards shall be observed. SECTION 8. EXPENDITURES. Art. 1297. No person in the naval service shall procure supplies or other NO person to sen articles for, or dispose of the same to the officers or enlisted men on benefit. 8 board ships of the Navy, or at navy yards or naval stations, for bis own account or benefit. 282 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1298. Supplies not to be ]^ o article of public supplies is ever to be appropriated to the appropriated to private use of per- private use of any person not in distress, without the consent of the rea8 " Navy Department or the order of the senior officer present, who shall give the Department information of every case that may occur, together with the attending circumstances, and he shall be careful to take the best security for indemnity to the Government. Art. 1299. 8ent o 8 ut P of8hip! b * ^ artic les for which an officer is responsible shall be sent out of a ship except by an order from his captain, given in writing. Art. 1300. Quarterly in- j. Each head of department on board ship, with the exception tures. 8 of the medical and pay officers, shall, at the end of each quarter, prepare, sign, and submit to the captain for approval invoices in duplicate of expenditures "for use", covering such articles and material as may have been consumed in his department during the quarter. 2. The captain's approval shall be the authority for expending the supplies from the books. Art. 1301. issues of candies. 1. Issues of candles shall be made weekly to officers and others according to the allowance prescribed, unless changed by the written order of the captain. 2. Candles which have been issued and remain unused are not to be regarded as private property, but shall be returned to the pay officer and accounted for by him. Art. 1302. Transferor locks Should a pay officer be detached during a cruise he shall invoice mentof 8 payo 6 fficer" the locks and keys to his successor; and on the termination of the commission he shall cause all the locks and keys in his department to be taken off the doors and drawers and turned into store. Art. 1303. Percentages ai- Pay officers of vessels shall be allowed the unavoidable loss sus- lowed for unavoid- . . . .' . , . , . Able low on issues, tamed in issuing provisions, clothing, and small stores committed to their charge, not exceeding, on individual articles of provisions, seven per cent., and on the quarterly issue of clothing and small stores, two per cent. Any additional loss must be accounted for by a board of survey. The above percentages shall be credited to pay officers in the settlement of their accounts, if it should appear that their un- avoidable losses justify such an allowance; otherwise not. Art. 1304. Supplies lost or In case of loss, or such damage as to unfit any supplies for issue, or articles of outfit for further use, the officer in whose charge they are shall request a survey for the purpose of establishing and reporting SUPPLIES AFLOAT. 28 3 the facts. If lost, the articles shall be expended from the books, but the accountability ef the officer responsible for the loss shall not thereby be diminished, and the board of survey shall ascertain and report thereon. But if they are only damaged, and are to be turned into store as unserviceable or for repair, they shall remain on the books of the proper bureau representative until such time as they can be so turned in, when they shall be invoiced as "transferred" to a general storekeeper. Such articles shall be transferred ashore at their full value. Art. 1305. On the expiration of a cruise pay officers shall take care that all y^^g 8 '" at end their provisions, clothing, and other supplies are carefully packed in of cruise, barrels, bales, or boxes before they are transferred to the general storekeeper at the navy yard, and that the contents of each package are distinctly marked thereon. Art. 1306. The heads of departments of a ship shall be held responsible for ^Responsibility conti nues until supplies turned m, during transit to the places designated for their supplies are deiiv- reception; the general storekeeper shall not be deemed to have re- ered> ceived them until their actual delivery in such places. Art. 1307. When stores are to be transferred to another ship or to a general Transfer in- voices. storekeeper ashore, invoices in duplicate, conforming to the classi- fied schedule, shall be made by the bureau representative. Art. 1308. 1. Orders of detachment, at the end of a commission, shall not be Detachment or , i i . death of officers in delivered to officers having charge of supplies and outnt, until after charge of supplies, the work of inventory and invoices shall have been fully accom- plished, and all articles turned into store. 2. If a bureau representative should be detached from a ship dur- ing a cruise, an inventory shall be taken, and he shall make a com- plete transfer to his successor, if the time shall permit, in order to relieve himself from responsibility. 3. In the event of the death of an officer in charge of supplies or outfit, or of his detachment under such circumstances as to preclude the preparation of the proper papers of transfer to his successor, the captain shall immediately appoint a board of officers who shall sur- vey the supplies in question, and shall report the quantities found to be on hand, noting deficiencies, if any, and the circumstances there- of, so that the officer succeeding to the charge of the supplies in the department may become responsible only for those he shall receive. Art. 1309. When supplies of the pay department are needed for use in any Paymaster's sup- of the departments of the ship, requisitions shall be made, in tripli- j^j! 8 > 8 ( i e uired for cate, upon the pay officer by the officer representing the department 284 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. for which the stores are needed. These requisitions must be separate and distinct for provisions, for clothing and small stores, and for con- tingent stores, and also separate for each department of the ship. They must be approved by the captain and properly receipted by the officer receiving the supplies, who shall be furnished by the pay of- ficer with a copy thereof. Supplies so issued should be charged at the average cost at time of issue, plus five per cent, in the case of clothing and small stores. Art. 1310. Pay department The term " supplies", as applicable to articles pertaining to the pay applies defined. . ^f *V department, is to be understood as meaning provisions, clothing, small stores, candles, stationery and blanks, and yeoman's stores. SECTION 4. CLOTHING AND SMALL STOKES. Art. 1311. issues of clothing i. The pay officer shall issue clothing and small stores to petty of- and small stores, , how made. ficers and persons of inferior ratings, and to marines, only in such quantities and at such times as shall be directed in writing by the captain, and all such-issues must be made in the presence of an officer of the division to which the men belong. 2. In no case shall issue be made except in the presence of a wit- nessing officer. Art. 1312. Outfit of clothing An outfit of clothing not exceeding in value the sum of forty- five for apprentices. , ,. ,,,,.., j ^ Ti T* j- r. j j dollars shall be furnished to apprentices. If discharged during mi- nority, by request, the value of this outfit must be refunded. Such portions as may be necessary for health and comfort shall be issued to apprentices when first received on board the ship in which they enlist, and the remainder when received at the training station. Art. 1313. Divisional requi- Requisitions for clothing and small stores in accordance with the prescribed form shall be prepared and signed by the officer in charge of the division requiring the articles, and submitted to the captain. After approving the same, the captain shall forward them to the pay officer, who shall enter the aggregate value of the articles required by each person. But one copy of each requisition shall be required, on which the witnessing officer shall certify to the delivery of the articles. The clothing and small stores requisitions shall be retained by the pay officer, and be transmitted to the Fourth Auditor, if required. Art. 1314. issues to super- jp or issues of clothing and small stores to supernumeraries entitled to pay, requisitions in duplicate shall be required. Invoices of the articles, in duplicate, shall be made out and, with one copy of the approved and receipted requisition, sent to the pay officer having the accounts of the men, in order that the cost may be charged against SUPPLIES AFLOAT. 285- them. The articles shall be taken up on his books and a receipted invoice returned to the pay officer with whom it originated. Art. 1315. An advance of five per cent, on the invoice price shall be charged Percentage by pay officers on all issues and expenditures of clothing and small Jjfces. * mvoice stores, except by transfer to other pay officers. Art. 1316. Pay officers shall be present and personally superintend all issues Pay officers to of clothing and small stores except when prevented by an exigency igUJJ* 8611 * at ' of the service, to be determined by the captain. Art. 1317. Articles of clothing and small stores found by survey to be damaged Be valuation of but fit for issue, may be revalued by the surveying board and issued, ** at the reduced prices fixed, in the same manner as other clothing and small stores. SECTION 5. RATIONS. Art. 1318. 1. The allowance table of the navy ration shows the constituted Allowance table. parts of the ration, their legal combinations, the substitutes allowed under the law, and the possibilities of variation in the use thereof. 2. The table governing the daily and other issues of the ration shall issuing table*. be strictly conformed to by all officers. No other variations than those provided for in this table shall be ordered by captains, except in cases of necessity, which shall be fully entered in the logbook, and written orders given to the pay officer specifying the exact changes to be made. 3. The same articles shall be issued to all the ship's messes. Same articles issued. Art. 1319. When in port, the captain may cause fresh meat and vegetables to issue of fresh be issued to the crew, not oftener than four days in the week, unless pro1 the surgeon recommends a more frequent issue as necessary for their health. Art 1320. If any of the crew object to the quality of the provisions issued to Provisions ai- them, the pay officer shall at once request the action of the quarterly b board of survey. If, in its judgment, the provisions are of proper quality, they shall be issued, notwithstanding objections, unless the captain shall direct otherwise. If, however, the provisions are not approved, others of a better quality shall, if on board, be at once issued in their stead. Art. 1321. Perishable articles, such as fresh meat and vegetables, ham, bacon, Supplies of pr- etc., shall not be procured in greater quantities than will be reasona- bly certain to be used before spoiling. 286 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1322. issues to officers' 1. Such provisions as, in the opinion of the pay officer of the ship, can be spared from the supply on board without unduly reducing the quantities for regular issue, may, with the approval of the cap- tain, be sold to officers' and other messes at their average cost price, to be delivered to them only at the regular times and places of issue; but no person or mess shall be permitted to purchase a full allowance of any article while the crew is upon short allowance of that article. 2. Pay officers shall keep regular accounts of provisions so issued, entering the same separately in the quarterly returns, and shall receive payment for them monthly, crediting the Government under the head of " Provisions" with the amounts so received. 8. At the end of the quarter an invoice, in duplicate, shall be made, showing the total quantity and value of each article issued, and the aggregate value, which the pay officer shall receipt, and one copy shall be forwarded with his quarterly returns to the Paymaster General. Art. 1323. Commutation for in case the necessity arises for putting a crew upon short allow- ance, the estimated commutation value of the different articles of the ration, as given in the table, shall constitute the scale of prices by which the crew shall be paid for the diminutions ordered under sec- tion 1582, Revised Statutes. Art. 1324. Cations must be Persons entitled to rations shall not be permitted to leave the whole drawn or aban- doned, or any part thereof with the ship s provisions, to be drawn at any future time. If unclaimed at the time of issue, they shall be con- sidered as abandoned. Art. 1325. The ration de- The ration is not a part of the pay, but is a limited allowance by Government, under certain conditions defined by law, to the officers and men of the naval service, as a military necessity. Commutation of rations by the enlisted men is not a right, but an allowance granted only by executive authority. Art. 1326. issue of rations j n or der that wastefulness and loss from deterioration of food sup- plies by age shall be avoided, and that the naval service shall at all times be prepared to utilize the ration, it is important that the rations provided by law shall be issued in kind whenever practicable. Art. 1327 Commutation of i_ Rations stopped for the comfort and benefit of petty officers and mentThereo f. P * y enlisted men of the Navy and Marine Corps shall be commuted for the actual period of time during which they are not drawn. 2. The number of rations to be commuted is left to the discretion of the captain. SUPPLIES AFLOAT. 287 8. Commuted ration money shall be paid to the individuals whose rations have been commuted when the captain may direct, but not oftener than once a month. Art. 1328. Honorably discharged men electing homes on board receiving ships Men electing ... , . , _., . ,. , , homes on board re- are entitled to one ration per day. This ration cannot be commuted, ceivmg shipti. but shall be issued in kind. Art. 1329. The rations to crew and marines shall be issued only at the regular Time aud place time and place prescribed by the captain. Art. 1330. Tea and sugar shall be issued semi-monthly, in advance. When issues of tea and the ration of any man is stopped by reason of his transfer, desertion, Bl 'g ar - sickness, absence, or any other cause, the quantity of tea and sugar overdrawn on his account may be retained by the mess to which he belonged, and an equal amount deducted from the quantity issued to the mess at the next serving. Art. 1331. Rations stopped for the sick on board ships shall remain and be Rations stopped accounted for by the pay officer as a part of the provisions of the ship. for the sick - Art. 1332. When petty officers or enlisted men or boys are absent from their Rations of ab- ships or stations without leave, the pay officer in charge shall be noti- p e e ", tL ' es to be stop ~ fled of the fact at once, and in all cases the issue of ration or com- mutation therefor shall cease during such unauthorized absence. Art. 1333. Merchant vessels in distress or remote from supplies may be fur- n^d^/merchant nished with such supplies as can be spared, but receipts in triplicate vessels in distress, shall be taken, the original of which shall be retained by the officer from whose department the stores have been furnished, and the dupli- cate and triplicate forwarded by different conveyances to the Navy Department for the Paymaster General of the Navy. Cash payments may be received, if practicable, and accounted for by the pay officer; if otherwise, a bill of exchange shall be obtained, to be drawn by the master on the owners, payable to the order of the Secretary of the Navy, and its first and second forwarded by different conveyances ; the address of the owner shall be stated, and the value of the supplies calculated at the average price. In the case of clothing and small stores five per cent, will be added to the average price. In cases of extreme distress gratuitous assistance may be furnished. Art. 1334. Supplies shall be furnished to foreign ships of war when requested, Supplies fur- ' nished to foreign so far as can be spared, proper receipts being taken from the com- ships of war. mander of the foreign ship and forwarded as directed in Art. 1333. 288 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. In any case of thus furnishing supplies, captains of ships shall give written orders to the officers from whose department they are to be issued. Art. 1335. Destitute Ameri- Destitute American seamen are supernumeraries not entitled to pay and rations ; and when issues are made to them the written or- der of the captain, with invoices of the same, should be sent to the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts, and separate entries made on the return, in order that the bureau may have the cost refunded to it from the proper appropriation by the Treasury Department. The name of the vessel to which the men belong, and, if taken on board at the request of an American consul, the name and station of the latter, shall be stated in the order and in the invoice. CHAPTEE XXYL PURCHASES AND INSPECTIONS. PART I. WITHIN THE UNITED STATES. SECTION 1. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS. Art. 1336. It shall be the duty of the President to make, subject to the pro- President to ^ make regulations visions of law concerning supplies, such regulations for the purchase, for procuring sup- preservation, and disposition of all articles, stores, and supplies for phe8 ' persons in the Navy as may be necessary for the safe and economical administration of that branch of the public service. (R. S., Sec. 1549.) Art. 1337. All purchases and contracts, for supplies or service for the naval Purchases to be .. j i- 'j .LV. j- f*i- r-i M ja uiider direction of service, shall be made by or under the direction of the chief officer of the Secretary. the Department of the Navy. (R. S., Sec. 3714.) Art. 1338. All purchases and contracts for supplies or service, in any of the Supplies to be departments of the Government, except for personal service, shall be vertising. afte * **" made by advertising a sufficient time previously for proposals respect- ing the same, when the public exigencies do not require the immediate delivery of the articles or performance of the service. When imme- diate delivery or performance is required by the public exigency, the article or service required may be procured by open purchase or con- tract, at the places and in the manner in which such articles are usually bought and sold, or such service engaged, between individuals. (R. S., Sec. 3709.) Art. 1339. No advance of public money shall be made in any case whatever. No payments in And in all cases of contracts for the performance of any service or ^ult'o^seryice? 111 '" the delivery of articles of any description, for the use of the United States, payment shall not exceed the value of the service rendered, or of the articles delivered previously to such payment. (R. S., Sec. 3648.) Art. 1340. No advertisements, notice, or proposal for any executive depart- AdYertisements, ment of the Government, or for any bureau thereof, or for any officer 110 " 8 to **" therewith connected, shall be published in any newspaper whatever, except in pursuance of a written authority for such publication from the head of such department; and no bill for any such advertising or publication shall be paid unless there be presented with such bill a copy of such written authority. (R. S., Sec. 3828.) 1344819 289 290 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1341. Dealers to be In order to obviate unnecessary correspondence, and to avoid com- tion D a8 U to 'require^ plications that might result from imperfect knowledge as to the meats. proper preparation of bids, or the conditions to be fulfilled by dealers, the latter shall, on application to commandants, be furnished with full information concerning contracts or open purchase supplies. Art. 1342. stations of pnr- i. Purchasing pay officers, for the purchase of supplies at their re- cers. spective stations and for the payment of bills, advances, mileage, and allotments, shall be assigned to Navy pay offices in the following places: Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, Norfolk, and San Francisco. 2. The paymaster of the station at each of the following places shall perform the duties of purchasing pay officers for the respective sta- tions: navy yard, Portsmouth, N. H.; navy yard, Pensacola; naval station, New London; naval station, Key West; torpedo station, New- port; and training station, Newport. Art. 1343. The forms of pur- There shall be three forms of purchase, viz: chase denned. 1. By written contract; under a formal written contract made after advertising for, and receiving sealed proposals. 2. By open contract; for service. 8. By open purchase; when the exigencies of the service require the immediate delivery of articles not obtainable under existing con- tracts and they are procured in open market. SECTION 2. WRITTEN CONTRACTS. Art. 1344. Naval supplies All material of every name and nature, for the use of the Navy contract 8 >y (excepting ordnance, gunpowder, medicines, bunting, cheese, pre- served meats, pickles, butter, flour, desiccated vegetables, fuel, mate- rial for boilers, things contraband of war, and the supplies which it may be necessary to purchase out of the United States for ships on foreign stations), and the transportation thereof, when time will permit, shall be furnished by contract by the lowest bidder. (R. S., Sees. 3718, 3721.) Art. 1345. Contractors must 1. No person shall be received as a contractor who is not a munu- be manufacturers iji-^.\.i-i i_ i. i. . or regular dealers, f acturer of, or regular dealer in, the articles which he offers to supply. 2. A person to be a regular dealer, within the meaning of the law, must be regularly engaged in the business of buying the articles and selling the same to the general public, and not merely engaged in the business of selling such articles to the Navy Department. Art. 1346. General store- i. For all materials and supplies required in the several depart- ns. "* '" ments of navy yards and stations, with the exception of those pertain- PURCHASES AND INSPECTIONS. 291 ing to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery and to the Marine Corps, requisitions shall be made by the respective general storekeepers upon the Paymaster General, who shall submit the same to the chief of bureau concerned, for action and designation of the manner of pro- curement. 2. If approved to be purchased after formal advertisement, the Pay- Paymaster gen- , ,,,,,. . , , <-, . , TL-T ' er al to ad vert Ue master General shall, under the direction of the Secretary of the Navy, and make c o n- classify, advertise, and contract for the materials and supplies, under tracts - existing laws governing purchases for the Navy. 3. For supplies, medicines, and instruments required in the med- Bequwitions for medical supplies. ical department of the Navy, requisitions shall be made upon the Sur- geon General by the medical officers requiring them. Art. 1347. 1. To secure prompt fulfillment of contracts, commandants shall Action to be taken to secure prompt cause contractors to be called upon, immediately upon the expiration fulfillment of con- of the time for delivery named in the contract, to send in such articles tracts - as have not been satisfactorily furnished, informing them that, unless satisfactory delivery of all articles due is made within a specified time, they will be reported to the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts as in de- fault and the Paymaster General will be requested to direct imme- diate purchase in open market for their account. Should this action fail in any instance to secure delivery of the articles due, the Pay- master General shall be promptly notified. 2. Upon receipt of notice that purchase in open market has been when purchase ordered, general storekeepers shall at once prepare open purchase dered^o'be^nade^" requisitions, to supply deficiencies under the contract, covering the articles not delivered. SECTION 8. OPEN CONTRACTS. Art. 1348. For services other than personal, requisitions shall be made in the Services other manner hereafter prescribed for open purchases. than P ersonal - Art. 1349. 1. When transportation for officers and men is needed under an Transportation order from the Department, or for supplies under an order from the j^ r d ^ P hg. men> Paymaster General, requisitions shall be made and numbered in the series of the bureau to which it pertains, but the exigency certificate is to be signed by the commandant of the station instead of by the chief of bureau. The date of the Paymaster General's order for a shipment shall be noted on all copies of the requisition. The second of all transportation requisitions shall be sent direct to Disposition of the purchasing pay officer who is to procure the transportation, and requ18 shall be his authority for the necessary action. The first shall be affixed to the first of the public bills on which payment is made, and the third and fourth shall be at once sent to the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts, as information of the liability incurred. 292 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1350. Freight shipped i. No payments are to be made directly or indirectly by officers of bonded'raifroads. 01 the Navy or Marine Corps for freight shipped on account of the Gov- ernment over any of the land-grant or bonded railroads; nor shall such officers make arrangements with, or conditional purchases from private parties, involving the shipment of articles for the public service by such parties over these railroads, and the subsequent payment by the Government of the freight charges on them. 2. Tables of the land-grant and bonded railroads referred to, and the mode of stating and rendering accounts of such railroads for Government transportation, are published in "Regulations governing military transportation over land-grant and bonded railroads ", Gen- eral Orders A, G. O., No. 89, of 1885. 3. These regulations do not forbid the shipping of articles by ex- press, and the payment of the charges involved, when the exigencies of the public service require them to be so sent. Art. 1351. Copies of open Commandants of stations shall send to the Paymaster General copies be's^nt^o payma f a ll contracts made at their stations for water, gas, and telephone ter general. service, rent of wharves or landings and officers' quarters, and other general incidental expenses during each fiscal year. Other expenses, such as newspaper subscriptions, post office box rent, etc., which may be known in advance, but for which contracts are not made, should be anticipated by open contract requisitions, to be submitted just prior to the beginning of each fiscal year and to include the entire year, unless the service, etc., will not be required for so long a period. SECTION 4. OPEN PURCHASE. Art. 1352. Ail purchases and All purchases, and payments for the same, shall be made under the made m u e nder dire direction of the Paymaster General of the Navy, and orders directing tion of paymaster suc i l purchases shall be given only by him. When open purchase requisitions have been approved by chiefs of bureaus, they shall be transmitted to the Paymaster General for his action. Art. 1353. Duties of pur- 1. Purchasing pay officers shall procure all articles, necessary to fnll^k *n g ffi pu be bought by open purchase, at the places'at which they are stationed, chases. if it is practicable to do so, unless they are satisfied that aay partic- ular item or items can be purchased elsewhere at a lower price. No commissions 2. No charge shall be allowed in the accounts of pay officers for a for agents allowed. comm i 88 i on p a if in his judgment the needs of the service require the purchase of the articles, will approve the requisition and forward it to the proper pay officer through the regular channel. Art. 1383. An approval The approval of a requisition is to be considered as a certificate on tne P art f *&& approving officer that in his opinion the articles are necessary, and the approval of requisitions by the officer whose approval will authorize their procurement or delivery shall have the force and responsibility of an order. PUKCHASES AND INSPECTIONS. 301 Art. 1384. 1. Requisitions shall state upon their face in red ink whether the Requisitions, how . , , made out. articles required are 1. In excess of allowance. II. To replace articles condemned by survey. III. To supply deficiencies caused by ordinary expenditure. IV. To supply deficiencies caused by casualties, specifying the latter. 2. They shall embrace only articles required under one appropria- tion. 8. They shall be prepared in conformity with the latest classified schedule as to the arrangement of items, specifying the classes, and grouping the items under their respective class numbers. Art 1385. 1. Upon receiving the approved requisition, the pay officer of the Purchases for ship when acting singly shall, under the direction of his command- Lade. y ing officer, make the necessary purchases on the most advantageous terms to the Government. 2. In the presence of a flagship, requisitions shall be forwarded to the commander in chief for his approval; all purchases authorized by him shall be made by the paymaster of the fleet, if there be one ; otherwise by the pay officer of the ship requiring the supplies. 3. In the absence of the commander in chief, when two or more ships are in a port, all requisitions shall be sent to the senior officer present for approval; but after such approval is given the purchase will be made by the pay officer of the ship requiring the stores. 4. In foreign ports where a pay officer in ch'arge of stores is sta- tioned, whether on shore or on board of a stationary storeship, requi- sitions shall require the approval of the senior officer present, and all supplies shall be purchased by such pay officer in the manner pre- scribed for pay officers of ships. Art. 1386. Captains are vested with supervisory power over the purchase of Duties of corn- supplies, and will be guided, in approving requisitions, by the actual J^p^f j 06 !^. needs of their commands, taking into consideration the nature of the <&aae requisition*, service in which they are engaged, the probability of being able to obtain the supplies from other ships, and the possibility of obtaining them from the United States without too great a delay. SECTION 3. INSPECTIONS. Art. 1387. 1. All articles purchased are to be delivered subject to inspection Beceptum and and approval, as to quality and quantity, by the head of the Depart- "?" 011 of ment requiring the articles; in the case of fresh provisions by the officer of the deck. 302 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 2. All inspections of supplies shall be made by the officers of the ship to which they are delivered. 3. Should the decision of an inspecting officer be questioned, the commanding officer shall order a board of at least three competent officers to inspect the supplies in question. The report of this board, if unanimous, shall determine the acceptance or rejection of the sup- plies, but if not unanimous the final decision shall rest with the com- manding officer. 4. Each delivery of stores should be accompanied by a list of the articles. SECTION 4. PUBLIC BILLS. Art. 1388. Bins to be ap- Public bills for supplies shall be prepared in triplicate. They shall fiedYn triplicate/' bear the approval of the commanding officer of the ship and a cer- tificate by the head of department for which the supplies were pur- chased that the articles were inspected as to quality and quantity, and received into his custody. Vouchers, how 1. No public bill shall represent purchases for more than one ship. 2. In their preparation the latest classified schedule shall be ad- hered to in the arrangement of items. They shall embrace supplies pertaining to but one bureau and but one appropriation, showing the aggregate of each class separately. 3. They must show the number of the requisition and date of ap- proval. 4. The date of each purchase and the name, number, price, etc., of each article must be distinctly specified in the account. All receipts of payments of money must express the amount paid in words legi- bly written at full length. Art. 1389. Final opposition 1. The triplicate (first) shall have attached to it the original requi- d requi " sition and the merchant's bill, and be forwarded to the Fourth Audi- tor with the quarterly accounts of the pay officer. 2. The triplicate (second) shall be forwarded to the Paymaster Gen- eral with the monthly summary statement. 3. The triplicate (third) will be retained by the pay officer for his files. 4. The pay officer shall furnish heads of departments with certified copies of public bills pertaining to their departments, in lieu of in- voices. Certified copies shall also be transmitted with the abstract of bills to the bureaus concerned. 5. The duplicate requisition shall be retained by the pay officer. CHAPTER XXTIL SURVEYS AND SALES. SECTION 1. SURVEYS ON PERSONNEL Art. 1390. A survey may be ordered by the commandant of a station or the Order for surrey, senior officer present upon any officer or other person under his com- mand, on the request of the senior medical officer of the ship or station where the person is serving. Art. 1391. 1. A board of survey shall consist, when practicable, of three med- . Boards of med- ical officers, and, in the case of a person serving afloat, the senior medical officer of the ship shall be one of them. 2. If it be inconvenient to detail three officers, two will suffice. In extreme cases, or on board a ship on detached service, the survey may be held by the medical officer of the ship. Art. 1392. 1. Reports of medical survey shall be forwarded in duplicate Reports of snr- through the commanding officer under whom the person surveyed is serving to the officer ordering the survey, and by that officer to the Navy Department. 2. In the case of an officer of the Navy, or of any person serving in the Marine Corps, the report will be made in triplicate, the third copy to be forwarded to the Navy Department for the Bureau of Navi- gation when an officer of the Navy is surveyed, and to the comman- dant of the Marine Corps in the case of a person in the Marine Corps. Art. 1393. Reports of survey shall be made in accordance with the prescribed instruction* for making reports of form. A definite opinion as to the origin of disease or injury shall medical surrey, be given, and a statement made in every case of all facts and circum- stances connecting the disease or injury with the performance of duty or exposure incident thereto. When no unfitness is found it will be sufficient to state the fact. When unfitness is found, and is regarded as temporary, the phrase " unfit for duty " shall be used; when permanent, the expression "unfit for service" shall be em- ployed. The common name of the disease shall be used. Under the head of " Recommendation " shall be given the contem- plated disposition of the patient. 303 304 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. In the case of an officer, the recommendation may be detachment either with sick leave or for hospital treatment; or, if the unfitness is judged to be temporary, the officer may be recommended for hos- pital treatment, with a view to his return to the station. Enlisted men should be recommended to be sent to hospital for treatment, or to be discharged. Art. 1394. Cases to be dis- When a person surveyed is reported unfit for duty, and the report delay. ' of the survey is approved by the officer ordering it, the recommend- ation of the board shall be carried out as promptly as possible. When a survey is held within the United States the report shall be forwarded to the Navy Department for approval or disapproval, and the decision of the Department awaited, except in cases of great emergency, when the commander in chief may direct action to be taken. Art. 1395. Surveys on en- When enlisted persons in the United States, are condemned by Un^dstates? * '* medical survey on account of disease which may have resulted from their own indiscretions, or from causes not incident to the service, their transfer to another station for discharge shall not be recom- mended. SECTION 2. SURVEYS ON VESSELS AND EQUIPAGE. Art. 1396. General surveys &[\ vessels on their return from foreign stations, and all vessels in years!* 6 ^ the United States as often as once in three years, when practicable, shall be examined by competent boards of officers designated by the Secretary of the Navy. The said boards shall ascertain and report to the Secretary of the Navy in writing which of said vessels are unfit for further service, or, if the same are unfinished at any navy yard, those which can not be finished without great and dispropor- tionate expense, and shall in such report state fully the grounds and reasons for their opinions. (Act Aug. 5, 1882.) Title A. Cost and Valuation. Art. 1397. Captains to re- 1. Captains of ships are charged to report to the Department, with- veyl required. "' '" out delay, whenever the condition of their ships is such as to require a general survey in one or more branches, and suet report, with the opinion of the forwarding officer indorsed thereon, shall be referred to the bureaus concerned for recommendation. . 2. If it shall appear, upon a consideration of all the circumstances, that a general survey under one or more bureaus is desirable, the Department will order it to be made accordingly. Art. 1398. General surveys General surveys on vessels in reserve will be ordered by the Depart- on ships in reserve. ment as occasion may arise. SURVEYS AND SALES. 305 Art 1399. When a general survey is ordered, separate boards shall be consti- . General surveys ; , .J , boards, how com- tuted in accordance with law, classified under the heads of ordnance, posed. equipment, construction and repair, and steam engineering, accord- ing as the survey concerns one or more of these branches. Art. 1400. Whenever special repairs of limited extent, but beyond the capacity of the force on board, are required on a ship in commission, not lying at a navy yard, the captain shall report the fact to the Depart- ment. The report, with the opinion of the forwarding officer in- dorsed thereon, will be referred to the bureaus concerned for rec- ommendation to the Department, and if the circumstances make it expedient the vessel will be ordered to a navy yard, and the Depart- ment will direct the repairs to be made, with or without a survey, as the case may require. Whenever a similar necessity exists in the case of a vessel at a navy yard, the captain will make a similar report to the comman- dant of the yard, who will direct an examination of the report by the head of department under whose cognizance the work comes. If the repairs in question are such as will obstruct the movements of the vessel during their progress, by disabling her motive power or otherwise, the application shall be transmitted with the commandant's recommendation to the Department, which alone can authorize the survey. If they do not interfere with the movements of the vessel, but exceed five hundred dollars in estimated cost, the application shall be transmitted with the commandant's recommendation to the bureaus concerned, which will order the survey should they deem it expedient, unless the case falls under the statute requiring the action of the Secretary of the Navy. If the repairs do not interfere with the move- ments of the vessel, and are less than five hundred dollars in estimated cost, the commandant is authorized to order the survey if he deems it expedient. Art. 1401. In the case of applications for surveys authorized to be ordered by Action on mr- chiefs of bureaus and commandants, whether granted or refused, the to i>epartment im- officer acting thereon shall report his action immediately to the De- mediate 'y- partment. Art. 1402. 1. All reports of surveys on ships shall be made to the bureau con- cerned, and shall be submitted, with the bureau's recommendations, made.' to the Department. They shall be made in triplicate one copy for the bureau, one for the head of the department at the yard, and one for the captain of the ship. If it should appear to the latter that any of the items of repair are unnecessary or inexpedient, or can be advan- tageously done by the force on board, he shall report the fact to the commandant, who shall forward the report with his recommendations to the proper bureau. 13448-20 306 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. 2. The report shall contain a classified statement of the work re- quired, item by item, with such brief explanation as will show the necessity of each item; an estimate of the time and cost of each item, giving the cost of labor and material separately, and a summarized statement of the time and cost (labor and material) of the whole work under each bureau. Any item that will require the manufacture of special articles involving probable delays shall be specially noted in the survey. The report shall conclude with an approximate state- ment of the quantity and cost of materials not on hand which must be purchased in order to make the repairs recommended. 8. In surveys of wooden ships, where the repairs are extensive, the report shall state the estimated cost of a new ship of the same size and like material, or new engines and machinery of the same character and power, as the case may be; and the report shall further state whether the repairs, having reference to their estimated cost, can be made within the statutory limit. 4. The commandant of the yard shall be held responsible for any delays in the completion of the survey. Art. 1403. Be vision of As soon as a report of a survey has been signed, the head of the riaif 11118 Bf ""^ department concerned shall make a careful revision of his schedule of materials, in order that requisitions may be started on their course the moment the order to proceed with the repairs is received at the yard. Art. 1404. Requisitions af- 1. When a report of survey is approved the Department will notify urvey. Ppr Val f tne bureaus concerned, which shall issue the necessary orders to the commandant to proceed with the work. 2. On the day following the receipt of such orders the comman- dant shall certify to the Department that requisitions for all materials needed for the work have been transmitted by him to the general storekeeper; or, if they are still lacking, he shall explain specifically the reasons for the delay. The commandant shall exert the utmost promptness in the preparation of requisitions by the officers whose duty it is to make them, as well as in their issue by the general store- keeper. Art. 1405. Approval should In all cases where a bureau makes favorable recommendations for tum ei of appropru- repairs to the Department it will be understood that, unless otherwise tion- stated, the condition of the bureau appropriation, having reference to present and prospective obligations, is such as to justify the Depart ment in authorizing the repairs. Art. 1406. Surveys on ships In general, surveys on the hull or machinery of a ship shall not be abroad. held in a foreign port without the authority of the Department, unless SURVEYS AND SALES. 307 the supposed defects shall have been due to casualties, such as ground- ing, collision, etc. Such surveys shall be ordered by the commander in chief or the senior officer present. The report shall state the nature and extent of the accident, the cause, the probable time necessary for repairs, the cost thereof, and to whom, if to any one, blame is to be attributed. The report shall embrace every detail necessary to a com- plete understanding of the case. When an accident or derangement shall occur to the machinery of a ship, the board shall be composed of one line officer and at least two engineer officers. The report, in triplicate, shall be forwarded to the Department by the first oppor- tunity. (See Art. 1407, Sec. 8.) Title B. Equipage. Art. 1407. Surveys on objects carried under this title which are considered Surveys on equi- unserviceable, unsuitable, unserviceable for original purposes, or are page ' missing or require repairs, shall, upon the application of the officer in charge of the department to which the articles pertain to his cap- tain, be ordered as follows: 1. For a ship in commission lying at a navy yard, the commandant Ship lying at a shall order boards of surveys and appraisal on articles of equipage, dered. by Wh m upon an application approved and forwarded by the captain, to be composed, when practicable, of a captain or commander, a lieutenant, and an engineer officer or naval constructor, as the nature of the ar- ticles may require; but not more than one thousand dollars shall be expended in repairs on the sails and rigging of any vessel, until the necessity and expediency of such repairs and the estimated cost thereof have been ascertained and reported to the Navy Department by an examining board, which shall be composed of one naval officer, desig- nated by the Secretary of the Navy, and the master rigger, and the master sailmaker of the yard where such vessel may be lying. 2. In the case of a vessel not lying at a navy yard, the captain, if he Ship not at a yard, deems a survey necessary, shall forward the application, with his ap- y w proval, to the senior officer present, who is authorized to order sur- veys and appraisals in all cases, when outside of United States waters; and also in United States waters, except when the articles are deemed unsuitable or require repairs beyond the capacity of the force on board. 3. In the latter case, the captain shall report the fact to the Depart- Repairs beyond ment. The report, with the opinion of the forwarding officer indorsed ^d ty of force on thereon, shall be referred to the bureau concerned for recommenda- tion to the Department, and, if the circumstances make it expedient, the vessel shall be ordered to a navy yard for a survey and appraisal of the articles in the manner prescribed for vessels lying at a navy yard, or the Department shall direct the senior officer present to order the survey and appraisal. 308 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. What the report 4. Reports of survey and appraisal shall specify each article sur- ehall state. .... . f , . ...f . .. veyed and the condition in which found, with a recommendation as to disposition. They shall be forwarded to the bureau concerned, which shall submit them with its recommendation to the Depart- ment. They shall be made in triplicate one copy for the bureau, one for the captain of the ship, and one for the head of the depart- ment on board ship, or of the yard when repairs are made at a navy yard. The report shall contain a statement of the work required when repairs are recommended, an estimate of the cost of replacing and of repairing the articles, and the time necessary to do the work. In all cases the invoice price of an article must be given, and the ap- praised present value of articles recommended to be repaired or to be sold must be stated. Articles to b re- 5. Articles ordered to be repaired at a navy yard shall be invoiced, the invoice stating both the original and appraised value, to the gen- eral storekeeper, who shall take them up at the original value and without further action invoice them, upon presentation of the usual stub requisition, to the repairing department under Title Z, at the appraised value given in the survey. Other articles. 6. Articles acted upon by a navy yard board, which are ordered to be turned into store for other reasons, shall be invoiced to and taken up, in his reserved account, by the general storekeeper, at their in- voice value, and be treated as indicated by the approved survey with- out further action. Invoices embracing articles recommended to be sold shall state their appraised value also. 7. Articles acted upon by boards ordered by senior officers present, if valueless, which fact must be stated, shall be expended; if lost, the responsibility therefor shall be fixed; if of any value, they must be converted to some use or turned into store. When so turned in, they shall be invoiced to and taken up by the storekeeper at their invoice value, and their future treatment be determined by a yard board of survey and appraisal, to be ordered upon the request of the storekeeper as stores under Title X. Repairs in emer- 8. In cases of actual emergency, when a vessel is lying at a yard, gencies. tne commandant of the yard, or, in case of a vessel not lying at a yard, the senior officer present, is authorized to make any repairs that the emergency requires without waiting for the Department's approval of the survey, reporting the steps taken and the reasons therefor im- mediately to the Department, and the reasons must be such as to show that an emergency existed. Bepain without 9. Should the Department deem it expedient to order repairs to equipage without the prescribed routine of survey, the commandant shall direct that the articles be at once invoiced to the general store- keeper and the repairs immediately commenced. Upon receipt of ship's invoices the general storekeeper shall request, and the com- mandant is directed to order, a board of appraisement, to be composed, SURVEYS AXD SALES. 309 if practicable, of a captain or commander, a pay officer, and an en- gineer officer or a naval constructor, as the nature of the stores may require, to determine the actual value of the articles when turned in. SECTION 8. SUBVEYS ON SUPPLIES AND MATERIAL ON SHOKE. Titles E and F. Real Estate and Chattels and Machinery Plant. Art. 1408. 1. Surveys on articles expended to these titles, which have become Order for survey, worn out and unserviceable, shall be ordered by the commandant upon the request of the head of the department in charge of the articles. 2. The report shall show the original and appraised present value Contents of the of the articles and the disposition of them recommended, and shall repo be forwarded to the bureau concerned. After action by the bureau, the report shall be returned to the officer requesting the survey, that the required quarterly invoices of property condemned may be pre- pared for the office of the Paymaster General. Articles condemned to be sold or used for other purposes shall be invoiced to the general storekeeper, the invoice stating both the original and appraised value and the disposition ordered. Title X. Supplies in Store. Art. 1409. When supplies carried under this title are considered unservice- Request for sur- vey. able, needing and warranting repairs, unserviceable for original pur- poses, or are missing; or when it is discovered that there are supplies on hand not borne upon the books; or when supplies are borne upon the books without value, or at a valuation that should be amended, in consequence of repairs to be made or of being borne upon the booka at a fictitious value, the officer in charge of the supplies shall report the fact for the action of a board of survey and appraisal. 1. Commandants of navy yards and stations are authorized to order Order forsurvey. such boards of survey and appraisal to be composed, if practicable, of a captain, or commander, a pay officer, and an engineer officer, or a naval constructor, as the nature of the supplies may require, whose duty it shall be to survey and, when necessary, to appraise the value of such supplies as may be brought before it. 2. The request for action by a board shall give the location, quan- Request tity, and invoice prices of supplies. 3. The report shall state their exact condition (whether " service- able", " needing and warranting repairs", " unserviceable for original port> purposes but serviceable for" another (stating it), "totally unservice- able", " unserviceable in present form, or in part", " requiring revalu- ation", or " missing "), and the disposition recommended, which must be specific in each case. 310 U. S. NAVY EEGULATIONS. Appraisal. 4. Articles deteriorated in value or recommended to be repaired, to be used for other than original purposes, or to be sold, shall be ap- praised and the appraised value stated. The cost of replacing and of repairing an article recommended to be repaired, with the time nec- essary to do the work, shall be noted. Articles and material recom- mended to be used for other than their original purposes (as articles of metal for scrap, sails for old canvas, hawsers and rope for junk, etc.), shall be expended from the class in which they have been carried and taken up again at their appraised value in the class in which they should appear under their new designations. In like manner, articles revalued for repairs or to correct valuations should be expended at the price at which they were carried, and taken up anew at the ap- praised value. Articles found by a board of survey and appraisal to be " totally unserviceable " shall, upon approval of the survey, be ex- pended from the books. Tobemade in 5. The report of the board shall be made in triplicate and, after approval by the command ant, be forwarded to the Paymaster General, who shall refer it to the bureau concerned for recommendation before submitting it to the Department. In no case shall the general store- keeper's books be adjusted to the new prices until reports of appraisals are approved by the Paymaster General. Art 1410. Ship pot Sg I na. Up " an(1 material, after deducting the cost of appraisal, condemnation, and sale, shall be deposited and covered into the Treasury as " Miscel- laneous receipts ", on account of " Proceeds of Government property ", and shall not be withdrawn or applied, except in consequence of a subsequent appropriation made by law. Art. 1437. Proceeds from The net proceeds of sales of condemned navy clothing and small ciothmgand g mn gtQreg ghall rever(; to the credit of ihe clothing and small stores fund. SURVEYS AND SALES. 319 Art. 1438. The net proceeds of sales of useless ordnance material and small Proceeds from ordnance material arms shall revert to the credit of the appropriations, " Ordnance and and small arms, ordnance stores " and " Small arms", respectively. Art. 1439. 1. An account of sale shall be forwarded to the Fourth Auditor of Account of sale the Treasury, and an account of sale with a list of purchasers and the amount realized from each, to the Paymaster General. The list of purchasers, with amounts due from each for each lot, together with the character of the stores purchased, shall be delivered by the board of sale to the pay officer of the yard. Articles shall not be delivered to purchasers without the presentation of a receipt showing that the amount due has been paid to the pay officer. 2. The account of sale shall show, under each head, the gross receipts for "Clothing and small stores", "Ordnance and ordnance stores", "Small arms", and "Miscellaneous receipts", embracing all other stores sold ; the proportionate part of the expenses attending the sale chargeable to each ; and the net proceeds. Deposits, however, must be made only under " Miscellaneous receipts, proceeds of sale", for the total net proceeds of the sale. 3. The proper credits to appropriations, to which proceeds of sales revert, will be made in the office of the Fourth Auditor. 4. The accounts of sale must be forwarded at the same time the certificate of final deposit is sent to the Secretary of the Treasury, and that to the Fourth Auditor shall be accompanied by all vouchers for expenditures on account of expenses attending the sale. Deposits shall be made promptly, but care must be taken to retain a sufficient sum until bills for advertising incurred by the Department are met. Art. 1440. Transactions relating to sales shall be reported in monthly money Transactions re- statements and accounts Current. ported in mouey statements. Art. 1441. When there is on board vessels in foreign waters an accumulation sales of supplies of condemned supplies, under Titles B and Y, sufficient to cover abroad - the expenses of a sale, and it is considered to be to the best interests of the service so to dispose of them, they may be sold after application for and receiving from the Secretary of the Navy the required written authority, in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 3828, Revised Statutes, and of the Acts of August 5, 1882, and Juno 30, 1890. CHAPTEE XXYIIL MONEY. SECTION 1. RESPONSIBILITIES AND PENALTIES. Art. 1442. All officers, agents, or other persons receiving public moneys shall Distinct accounts render distinct account of the application thereof, according to the appropriation under which the same may have been advanced to them. (R. S., Sec. 8623.) Art. 1443. A disbursing officer has no right to make any transfer of funds in Transfer i n ac- . counts between ap- his accounts from one appropriation to another. Such transfers never propriationu pro- have been recognized by the accounting officers of the Government. hlblted - This does not apply, however, to disbursements made afloat, where all moneys received are on account of " General account of advances". Art. 1444. No accounting or disbursing officer of the Government shall allow Expenses of com- .... , missions and in- or pay any account or charge growing out of, or m any way connected quiries. with, any commission of inquiry, except courts-martial or courts of inquiry in the military or naval service of the United States, until special appropriations shall have been made by law to pay such ac- counts and charges. (R. S., Sec. 3681.) Art. 1445. No money shall be paid to any person for his compensation who is Officer man-ears, in arrears to the United States until he has accounted for and paid into the Treasury all sums for which he may be liable. (R. S., Sec. 1766.) Art. 1446. It shall not be lawful for any pay officer to advance or loan, under Loans to officers any pretense whatever, to any officer in the naval service any sum of by pay officers - money, public or private, or any credit, or any article or commodity whatever. Art. 1447. 1. Every disbursement of public moneys, or disposal of public stores, Disbursements by made by a disbursing officer pursuant to an order of any commanding- emi1 officer of the Navy, shall be allowed by the proper accounting officers of the Treasury in the settlement of the accounts of the officer, upon satisfactory evidence of the making of such order, and of the payment 321 1344821 322 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. of the money or disposal of stores in conformity with it; and the com- manding officer by whose order such disbursement or disposal was made shall be held accountable for the same. (R. S., Sec. 285.) 2. This enactment does not authorize an advance of public money by the pay "officer to the commanding officer, or to any other person by his order. The disbursement presupposes an indebtedness, and whether the objects for which the indebtedness accrued were sanc- tioned or not by law or regulation, the pay officer would be entitled to a credit for payment therefor, when made by order of the command- ing officer; but the disbursement must be for some service rendered or article furnished. Art. 1448. Objection to or- It is the duty of the pay officer, when ordered by his commanding unau f thor/zed*pay- officer to make an expenditure of money or stores which he (the pay ments. officer) believes to be illegal or contrary to regulation, to state in writing, on such grounds, his objections to obeying the order, and re- quest that he be given the order in writing; and on the receipt of such order the expenditure will be made, and the commanding officer will be held responsible if the expenditure is erroneous. Art. 1449. No payment* to No money which may be placed in charge of a pay officer by order be made unless ap- , . ,. proved by proper of, or authority from, his commanding or superior officer, or of the authority. Treasury or Navy departments, shall be used or paid without the sanction or approval of either his immediate commanding officer, the commander of the squadron or station to which he belongs, the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury, the Second Comptroller of the Treasury, or the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 1450. Commanding of- j n a u cases where a pay officer has received, or has been author- ed of all mouey re- ized or directed to pay over, any public money without the previous ceived or paid. knowledge or sanction of his immediate commanding officer, it shall be the duty of such pay officer to report to him forthwith the amount received or paid, and the authority under which he acted. Art. 1451. Accountability j Although in point of fact an officer may be charged on the books begins ou the re- ceipt of funds. of the Treasury with the amount of requisitions made in his favor, yet he is not to be held accountable for money until it shall come to his hands. 2. In all cases of transfer of funds, the receiving officer must state on the receipt given that he holds himself accountable to the United States for the sum received. Art. 1452. ubHc S mone ai faii- Every officer or other person charged by any act of Congress with ing to safely keep, the safe keeping of the public moneys who fails to safely keep the eVc! ' lng same, without loaning, using, converting to hia own use, depositing MONEY. 323 in banks, or exchanging for other funds than as specially allowed by law, shall be guilty of embezzlement of the money so loaned, used, converted, deposited, or exchanged, and shall be imprisoned not less than six months nor more than ten years, and fined in a sum of money equal to the amount of money so embezzled. (R. S., Sec. 5490.) Art. 1453. Every officer or agent of the United States who, having received public money which he is not authorized to retain as salary, pay, or etc. emolument, fails to render his account for the same as provided by law, shall be deemed guilty of embezzlement, and shall be fined in a sum equal to the amount of the money embezzled, and shall be im- prisoned not less than six months nor more than ten years. (R. S., Sec. 5491.) Art. 1454. 1. Every officer of the United States, civil, military, or naval, who is befz guilty of embezzlement, of willful misappropriation of public or returns, etc.' private money or property, or of willfully making any false returns, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be fined not more than five thousand dollars and imprisoned in the penitentiary not more than three years. (R. S., Sec. 5306.) 2. Violations of this section shall be cognizable before any court, civil or military, competent to try the same. Art. 1455. No exchange of funds shall be made by any disbursing officer or Exchange of agent of the Government, of any grade or denomination whatsoever f " or connected with any branch of the public service, other than an exchange for gold, silver, United States notes, or national bank notes; and every such disbursing officer, when the means for his disburse- ments are furnished to him in gold, silver, United States notes, or national bank notes, shall make his payments in the money so fur- nished; or when they are furnished to him in drafts shall cause those drafts to be presented at their place of payment, and properly paid according to law, and shall make his payments in the money so re- ceived for the drafts furnished, unless in either case he can exchange the means in his hands for gold or silver at par; and it shall be the duty of the head of the proper department immediately to suspend from duty any disbursing officer or agent who violates the provisions of this section, and forthwith to report the name of the officer or agent to the President with the fact of this violation and all the cir- cumstances accompanying the same, and within the knowledge of the Secretary, to the end that such officer or agent may be promptly removed from office, or restored to his trust and the performance of his duties, as the President may deem just and proper. (R. S., Sec. 3651.) 324 T7. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1456. Premium on sales N O officer of the United States shall, either directly or indirectly. of public moneys to be accounted for. sell or dispose of to any person for a premium any Treasury note, draft, warrant, or other public property, or sell or dispose of the avails or proceeds of such note, draft, warrant, or security in his hands for disbursement, without making a return of such premium, and ac- counting therefor by charging the same in his accounts to the credit of the United States; and any officer violating this section shall be forthwith dismissed from office. (II. S., Sec. 3652.) Art 1457. Evidence of con- if any officer charged with the disbursement of the public money version. accepts, receives, or transmits to the Treasury Department, to be al- lowed in his favor, any receipt or voucher from a creditor of the United States, without having paid to such creditor, in such funds as the officer received for disbursement or in such funds as he may be authorized by law to take in exchange, the full amount specified in such receipt or voucher, every such act is an act of conversion by such officer to his own use of the amount specified in such receipt or voucher. (R. S., Sec. 5496.) SECTION 2. DEPOSITS AND CHECKS. Art. 1458. Funds to be de- j ft shall be the duty of every disbursing officer having any public posited by disbnrs- * r ing office. money entrusted to him for disbursement to deposit the same with the Treasurer or some one of the assistant treasurers of the United States, and to draw for the same only as it may be required for pay- ments to be made by him in pursuance of law; and all transfers from the Treasurer of the United States to a disbursing officer shall be by draft or warrant on the Treasurer or an assistant treasurer of the United States. In places, however, where there is no Treasurer or assistant treasurer, the Secretary of the Treasury may, when he deems it essential to the public interest, specially authorize in writing the deposit of such public money in any other public depository, or in writing authorize the same to be kept in any other manner, and under such rules and regulations as he may deem most safe and ef- fectual to facilitate the payments to public creditors. (R. S., Sec. 3620.) statement of such 2. In no case are certificates of such deposits required to be filed dered! "" with accounts rendered by Government officers to the accounting of- ficers of the Treasury. In making credit in their accounts, however, for deposits made, officers should state specifically the date of the deposit and the designation and location of the depository, as well as the source from which the money was derived. Art. 1459. Failure to deposit Every person who, having moneys of the United States in his hands or possession, fails to make deposit of the same with the Treasurer, MONEY. 325 or some assistant treasurer, or some public depositary of the United States when required to do so by the Secretary of the Treasury or the head of any other proper Department, or by the accounting officers of the Treasury, shall be deemed guilty of embezzlement thereof^ and shall be imprisoned not less than six months nor more than ten years, and fined in a sum equal to the amount embezzled. (R. S., Sec. 5492.) Art. 1460. 1. The gross amount of all moneys received, from whatever source, Moneys to be de- for the use of the United States, except as otherwise provided (see ^y^^J^t de ~ Sales, Chap. XXVII) shall be paid by the officer or agent receiving the same into the Treasury at as early a day as practicable, without any abatement or deduction on account of salary, fees, costs, charges, expenses, or claim of any description whatever. 2. Every officer or agent who neglects or refuses to comply with Penalty for with- the provisions of the foregoing section shall be subject to be removed holdm mon y- from office, and to forfeit to the United States any share or part of the moneys withheld to which he might otherwise be entitled. (R. S., Sees. 3617, 3619.) Art. 1461. Every disbursing officer of the United States who deposits any pub- Disbursing officer lie money intrusted to him in any place or in any manner, except as it? n g7 "onTeriFng" authorized by law, or converts to his own use in any way whatever, j?^ 8 ' or loans with or without interest, or for any purpose not prescribed mony. by law withdraws from the Treasurer or any assistant treasurer, or any authorized depository, or for any purpose not prescribed by law trans- fers or applies any portion of the public money intrusted to him, is in every such act deemed guilty of an embezzlement of the money so deposited, converted, loaned, withdrawn, transferred, or applied; and shall be punished by imprisonment with hard labor for a term not less than one year nor more than ten years, or by a fine of not more than the amount embezzled or less than one thousand dollars, or by both such fine and imprisonment. (R. S., Sec. 5488.) Art. 1462. 1. The pay officer of every ship in commission for sea service shall Pay officers of keep on deposit with the assistant treasurer at New York a suf- p^ts *at subtrets- ficient amount of Government funds to enable officers and men to re- ur y> New York - mit money for the support of their families or for their own savings. 2. In the case of enlisted men and petty officers, any orders, drafts, or checks on said assistant treasurer shall be issued only on written orders or requisitions signed or approved by the commanding officer of the ship. Art. 1463. 1. Officers of the pay corps attached to ships destined for foreign Pay officers to ports, except those of the North Atlantic station, shall, immediately be- hi^brforeSnSiS fore sailing from the United States, deposit all funds in their posses- fr foreign station. 326 TJ. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. sion to the credit of the United States, except so much as may be deposited with the assistant treasurer at New York to enable officers and men to make remittances. 2. The captain shall give the pay officer timely notice of his inten- tion to sail, in order that the deposit may be made. Art. 1464. py officers to ^ p ay officers of the Navy, except when at sea or attached to deposit balances . when relieved foreign stations, on being relieved from duty involving pecuniary from duty. responsibility, shall immediately deposit in the Treasury of the United States, or other designated depository, the total balance of public funds in their hands, and forward duplicate of the certificate of deposit to the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury without delay. Under no circumstances shall they transfer such balance, or any part of it, to their successors, or carry it to future accounts of their own, unless authorized to do so by the Department. Balances of pur- 2. In cases where purchasing pay officers have received funds for chasing pay c i- p avment o f particular bills, which remain unpaid at the time of their relief, the funds so received shall be transferred to their successors; all other funds in their possession shall be deposited to the credit of the Treasurer of the United States. Art. 1465. Balances of p- i. Disbursing officers of the Navy and Marine Corps at navy yards eii'a'of e*ch a fiscai and stations in the United States must deposit at the close of each J' ear - fiscal year, to the credit of the United States, all unexpended balances of appropriations in their hands, after reserving sufficient to pay all unpaid approved vouchers that may be in their possession. 2. They must deposit, unless otherwise authorized or directed by the Department, to the credit of the United States all balances of appropriations in their hands pertaining to the current fiscal year, from which they have made no payments within a period of three months. Art. 1466. BeguiationB con- The following regulations made by the Secretary of the Treasury, " in pursuance of Sees. 306 to 310 of the Revised Statutes, shall be more ye*. observed by all pay officers : 1. Any treasury draft or any check drawn by a public disbursing officer still in service, which shall be presented for payment before it shall have been issued three full fiscal years, will be paid in the usual manner by the office or bank on which it is drawn, and from funds to the credit of the drawer. Thus, any such draft or check issued on or after July 1, 1873, will be paid as above stated until June 30, 1877, and the same rule will apply for subsequent years. 2. Any such draft or check which has been issued for a longer period than three full fiscal years will be paid only by the settlement of an account in the Treasury Department, as provided in Sec. 308, Revised Statutes, and for this purpose the draft or check will be trans- mitted to the Secretary of the Treasury for the necessary action. MONEY. 327 8. At the close of each fiscal year, the treasurer, the several as- sistant treasurers, and national bank depositaries will render to the Secretary of the Treasury, as required by Sec. 310, a list of all dis- bursing officers' accounts still unclosed which have remained un- changed on the books of their respective offices or banks, either by debit or credit, more than three fiscal years, giving in each case the name and official designation of the officer, the date when the account with him was opened, the date of last debit and last credit, and the balance remaining to his credit. 4. Every disbursing officer will, on the 30th of June of each year, as also required by Sec. 310, make a return to the Secretary of the Treasury of all checks drawn by him which have been outstanding and unpaid for three full fiscal years, stating the number of each check, its date, amount, in whose favor, on what office or bank, and for what purpose drawn, the number of the voucher in payment of which it was drawn, and, if known, the residence of the payee. 5. Whenever any disbursing officer of the United States shall cease to act in that capacity, he will at once inform the Secretary of the Treasury whether he has any public funds to his credit in any office or bank, and, if so, what checks, if any, he has drawn against the same which are still outstanding and unpaid. Until satisfactory in- formation of this character shall have been furnished, the whole amount of such moneys will be held to meet the payment of his checks properly payable therefrom. 6. In case of the death, resignation, or removal of a public dis- bursing officer, any check previously drawn by him and not presented for payment within four months of its date will not be paid until its correctness shall have been attested by the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Treasury. 7. If the object or purpose for which any check of a public dis- bursing officer is drawn is not stated thereon, as required by the following article, or if any reason exists for suspecting fraud, the office or bank on which such check is drawn will refuse its payment. Art. 1467. 1. Any disbursing officer or agent drawing checks on moneys de- Heguiations con- posited to his official credit, must state on the face or back of each ^of* checks* m check the object or purpose to which the avails are to be applied, official deposits, except upon checks issued in payment of individual pensions, the special form of such checks indicating sufficiently the character of the disbursement. 2. Such statement may be made in brief form, but must clearly indicate the object of the expenditure, as, for instance, "pay", "pay roll", or "payment of troops", adding the fort or station; "purchase of subsistence", or other supplies; "on contract for construction", mentioning the fortification or other public work for which the pay- ment is made; " payments under $20" ; " to pay foreign pensions", etc. 328 U. S. XAVY REGULATIONS. 8. Checks will not be returned to the drawer after their payment, but the depositary with whom the account is kept shall furnish the officer with a monthly statement of his deposit account. 4. No allowance will be made to any disbursing officer for expen- ses Charged for collecting money on checks. 5. In case of the death, resignation, or removal of any disbursing officer, checks previously drawn by him will be paid from the funds to his credit, unless such checks have been drawn more than four months before their presentation, or reasons exist for suspecting fraud. 6. Every disbursing officer when opening his first account, before issuing any checks, will furnish the depositary on whom the checks are drawn with his official signature, duly verified by some officer whose signature is known to the depositary. Art. 1468. Places of deposit p ay officers at shore stations shall keep their deposits with the most by pay officers. convenient assistant treasurer or national depositary, except those stationed at Washington, who will keep their deposits with the Treas- urer of the United States. Art. 1469. Purposes for Officers of the pay corps shall issue no checks against their official b^ b 'drawa! CkS "** deposits, except in pursuance of law and regulation, as follows: a. For money for payment of navy yard and station rolls. b. For payment of ship's pay rolls. c. For payment of advances to seamen. d. For payment of allotments. e. For payment of traveling expenses. /. For payment of authorized vouchers. g. For transfer of funds from one pay officer to another. h. For remittances by officers and enlisted men. Art. 1470. Report of ont- Pay officers shall upon detachment from duty furnish the Fourth itandmg check*. Auditor of the Treasury with a statement of all checks drawn by them which were outstanding and unpaid on the date of the last report re- ceived from the depositaries with whom their accounts are kept, giving the number, date, amount, and name of payee of each check. Art. 1471. Original checks The following regulations in regard to checks lost, stolen, or de- '*" stroyed are established by the Secretary of the Treasury, in compli- ance with Sees. 3646 and 3647 of the Revised Statutes : 1. Immediately upon the loss of a check, the owner, to better pro- tect his interest, should, in writing, notify the officer or bank on which it was drawn of the fact of such loss, stating the name of the officer or agent by whom it was drawn, describing the check, giving, if pos- sible, its date, number, and amount, and requesting that payment of the same be stopped. MONEY. 329 2. In order to procure the issue of a duplicate check, the party in interest must furnish the officer or agent who issued the original check with an affidavit, giving the name and residence of the appli- cant in full, describing the check and its indorsements, showing his interest therein, detailing the circumstances attending its loss, and what action, if any, he has taken to stop payment thereon. The affi- davit must be made and signed before an officer authorized to admin- ister oaths generally, and he must certify that he administered the oath. 3. He must also furnish to the same officer or agent a bond executed on the proper form and according to these instructions, which will be furnished to any officer or agent applying therefor. 4. The affidavit and the bond, when executed, are to be indorsed by the officer or agent as having been submitted to him, and as being the proof and security upon which he has acted. After the expiration of six months from the time the original check was issued, the officer or agent will issue a duplicate, which must be an exact transcript of the original, especial care being taken that the num- ber and date correspond with those of the original. The affidavit, bond, and duplicate check he will forward without delay to the Secretary of the Treasury, who, upon their receipt, will advise the office or bank on which the check was drawn that an application for a duplicate is pending, and the office or bank will immediately inform the Secretary whether a request has been made to stop payment of the original, and whether such original has been presented or paid, and, if not paid, a caveat will be entered and payment thereupon will be stopped. 5. If the information obtained is satisfactory to the proper account- ing officer of the Treasury and he approves of the issue of the dupli- cate and of the accompanying bond, he will certify such approval in writing, on the papers as well as on the duplicate check, and return them to the Secretary of the Treasury. 6. Any duplicate check issued in pursuance of these instructions, bearing such certificate and the approval of the Secretary or Assist- ant Secretary of the Treasury, may, if properly indorsed, be paid by the Treasurer, the assistant treasurer, or depositary on whom it is drawn, subject to the same rules and regulations as apply to the pay- ment of original checks; but no duplicate shall be paid if the original shall already have been paid. 7. In case of the loss of a check issued by a United States disburs- ing officer or agent who is dead, or no longer in the service of the United States, the affidavit and bond required to be furnished by the owner of the said check to the officer or agent in the service of the United States, prior to the issue of a duplicate check, should be for- warded to the Secretary of the Treasury, who will refer them to the proper accounting officer for examination and the statement of an ac- count in favor of the owner of said check, as provided for in Sec 3647, Revised Statutes. 330 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 8. Whenever such an account shall have been stated, and an officer or agent charged with the amount of any duplicate check, the final accounting officer will notify the Secretary of the Treasury in order that the amount of the original check, if remaining to the credit of the officer or agent in any United States depository, may be repaid into the Treasury and carried to his credit and to the credit of the proper appropriation. 9. These regulations shall not apply to any check exceeding in amount the sum of two thousand five hundred dollars. SECTION 3. REQUISITIONS. Art. 1472. Requisitions for All requisitions for public funds belonging to naval appropriations, Secretary! *' >D without any exception whatever, shall be made upon the Secretary of the Navy through the office of the Paymaster General. Art. 1473. TO be made un- Requisitions must be made under the specific heads of appropria- der specific heads. turns as stated in the Treasury digests. Art. 1474. AH money drawn All money drawn by pay officers of ships should be required and d^r one'head. 6 ' taken up by them under the head of "General account of advances". Art. 1475. Course of requi- In requisitions for money for ships fitting for sea in home ports, fl'tt^gfor'sea? 1111 ' the amounts of coin and currency shall be stated separately. Only one copy of such requisitions is required, which copy must be ap- proved by and forwarded through the captain of the ship and com- mandant of the station. Art. 1476. statement of 1. When a pay officer presents a requisition for money for the ap* accompany^reqau proval of his captain, or the captain directs him to prepare a requisi- tion- tion for his approval, he shall present a statement of the amount of public money then in his possession. 2. If such requisition requires the approval of an officer senior to his captain, such senior will require of the captain of the ship, to which the pay officer belongs, a written statement of the amount of money reported as being in the hands of such pay officer; also, a specification of the particular objects and amounts, under their appro- priate heads of appropriation, for which the money is wanted. Art. 1477. Pnndafor paying On arriving at any port in the United States, for the purpose of l1 **' going out of commission, the pay officer shall, on the day of his ar- rival, make requisition for money to pay off the crew. MONEY. 331 Funds for pur- ae pay ffi Art. 1478. 1. When money is needed for ships out of the United States, pay Fundi for ship* officers are to procure it by requisition upon the paymaster of the OI fleet, if in presence of the flagship or conveniently accessible thereto. 2. When not in presence of the flagship, pay officers of ships may transfer money to each other for disbursement, upon requisitions and receipts in the usual form, with the approval of the senior officer present. 3. Money requisitions addressed to a pay officer shall be made in duplicate, both copies being for the use of the officer supplying the money. The face and back of each copy should be indorsed " origi- nal " or " duplicate ", as the case may be, and the receipt should not be signed until the money is in hand. Art. 1479. 1. Purchasing pay officers will be furnished with funds for the pay- ment of bills upon requisitions prepared in the office of the Paymaster General, due notification of the drawing of which will be sent to the purchasing officer. 2. For the payment of employes of the office, advances, allotments, mileage, and transportation of officers, and such office expenses as may be necessary, requisitions shall be submitted. Art. 1480. 1. Pay officers of navy yards shall make requisitions monthly, under the direction and with the approval of the commandant, for the amount of money deemed necessary; such requisitions to be registered and certified by the first clerk of the commandant. 2. An estimate of funds required for the payment of the rolls of each department, showing the amounts to be required under the different appropriations for the ensuing month, shall be submitted on or before the third of each month by the heads of the several departments to the commandants. 3. The requisitions bearing information of the average amounts ex- pended during the preceding three months for which the records are complete, and of the balance on hand under each appropriation for which funds are required, must be submitted by the pay officer to the commandant for approval on or before the fifth of every month. Art. 1481. Pay officers are strictly enjoined to limit their requisitions on the Department to such amounts as are absolutely necessary for immediate use. ties - Art. 1482. Disbursing officers of the Navy and Marine Corps making requisi- information r- tions for funds for the payment of salaries, or for labor, shall state guiona fbrfundl ul " what period the payments are to cover; and when they have balances on hand shall, in addition to stating the amount of such balances, ex- plain the purpose to which they are to be applied. Funds for pay 0f Requisitions must ' * 332 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. SECTION 4. BILLS OF EXCHANGE. Art. 1483. Procurement of 1. When a pay officer is ordered to a ship going to or already on a bill* of'exchangeT foreign station, it becomes his duty, before leaving the United States, to make written application to the Secretary of the Navy for authority to draw bills of exchange to supply himself with funds for disburse- ment during his cruise. No pay officer shall draw bills without such express authority; nor shall he draw them, if not a paymaster of the fleet, except in cases of absolute necessity, and when absent from that officer. Blanks furnished 2. When such authority is granted the pay officer will be duly noti- erai. a> "" fied by the Secretary, who will also direct the Paymaster General to forward to him blank sets of bills, with a sufficient supply of letters of advice and accounts of sale. Accountability 3. The bills shall be kept in the pay officer's exclusive possession, for blank bills of exchange. and all remaining at the end of the cruise shall be returned imme- diately to the Paymaster General, with a letter stating the exact num- ber of blank sets. If relieved during the cruise he shall take a receipt from his successor, and make a similar report to the Paymaster Gen- eral. Specimen signa- 4. Immediately after receiving authority to draw bills, the pay officer ed^ 68 " must forward to the Secretary of the Navy, on a separate blank sheet, specimens of the official signatures of himself and of the officer in whose name he is required to draw, to be transmitted by the Secretary to the foreign agents of the Department. Art. 1484. Negotiation of In the absence of the paymaster of the fleet, if, in the opinion of the bills of exchange. captain> a d e i a y WO uld be detrimental, the pay officer of the ship shall draw and negotiate bills of exchange in conformity with the following instructions: 1. Bills must invariably be made payable to the order of the com- mander in chief of the station, if the vessel is a flagship, or of the captain of the ship, if otherwise; and his indorsement on the bills is taken as his approval of the pay officer's act in drawing them. 2. When a pay officer needs funds, for which he will have to draw exchange, he shall inform the indorsing officer of the fact upon the form prescribed for money statements pertaining to exchange. 3. If the sale of exchange is authorized, the pay officer shall make diligent inquiry of bankers, merchants, and others as to the best terms attainable as to rates, kind of money, and time and place of payment, and will then with the approval of the indorsing officer negotiate the same. The money received, except such as may be applied to the payment of public bills then due, shall be taken on board without delay and deposited in the safe. 4. Bills shall be drawn either upon the foreign financial agents of the Navy Department or upon the Secretary of the Navy, and also at MONEY. 333 such time after sight as may be most advantageous to the Government. To make up the whole sum required as many different sets may be drawn as may be most easily negotiated, or as the purchaser or purchasers may request for their accommodation. 5. Before leaving a port the pay officer shall fully inform himself of the probable course of exchange and facilities for drawing in the places he expects to visit, and also as to the coins usually current there, so that he may know when and where to draw most favorably, and may avoid, as far as possible, taking away from a port, either at home or abroad, coin which elsewhere can only be used at a disadvantage. 6. Immediately after negotiating any bill of exchange, the pay of- ficer is required to transmit to the Secretary of the Navy letters of advice, of which the original (so marked) is to be forwarded through the proper channels by the earliest opportunity, and the duplicate (also marked) similarly forwarded by the next succeeding mail. When the bills are drawn upon the Secretary, a triplicate letter should also accompany each different set. 7. Whenever bills are drawn upon the foreign agents, letters of ad- vice to them must also be made in duplicate for each set, of which the original is to accompany the bills, and the duplicate to be sent di- rect by the earliest opportunity. 8. For each series of bills, an account of sale and letter of advice must be forwarded to the Fourth Auditor as soon as the bills are ne- gotiated, and the account of sale must include the certificate of two respectable merchants resident at the place where the bills were sold, stating the current rates of exchange at that time for the kind of money received. A duplicate of the account of sale must be forwarded to the Navy Department for the Paymaster General. 9. Unless otherwise especially directed, all bills of exchange must be drawn under " General account of advances ". Art. 1485. The following instructions as to the proper mode of accounting for, Accontig f r and paying out the proceeds of, bills of exchange shall be strictly ob- pr(X served by the pay officers of the Navy. 1. When bills are made payable in United States money, or are sold for such otherwise than at par, the entries in the account sales should be so made as to show not only the net amount actually received by the pay officer, but also the face value and the premium obtained or discount charged thereon. Examples. First. " Proceeds of bill No. 10, for $10,000, U. S. coin, at 5 per cent. premium=$10,500". Second. " Proceeds of bill No. 12, for $10,000, U. S. coin, at 8 per cent, discount =$9,700". 2. When bills are drawn, or the proceeds thereof are received in foreign money, the entries in the account sales should show the amount and kind of money drawn for, and the amount and kind of 334 TT. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. money received, both at its local current value, as to the money drawn for, and its legal value in United States money, thus : "Proceeds of bill No. 20, for 1,000 Os. Od., sterling, received in francs, at fr. 24.85 per =24,850 francs, at 19^ cts.= $4,796.05". 3. In accounting for the proceeds of bills of exchange in their monthly summary statements and quarterly accounts current, pay of- ficers shall credit the United States with the legal United States gold equivalent of the face value of the bills and credit or debit the United States with the premium or loss on exchange, as the case may be. 4. -The legal value in United States money of the standard foreign coins is proclaimed by the Secretary of the Treasury quarterly, and pay officers are required to keep themselves supplied, by timely application to the Fourth Auditor, with the official circulars contain- ing the information. 5. All foreign coins received will be charged to, and paid out by, pay officers at the legal valuation thus fixed, without regard to its local valuation where received and paid. SECTION 5. DEPOSITS BY ENLISTED MEN. Art. 1486. Depoeiu with pay The pay officer of a ship will receive money from members of the crew for safe keeping at the risk of the individuals, it being so stated in the memorandum which the pay officer is authorized to give, and he shall take every precaution for its safe keeping. Art. 1487. Deposits reverting All funds placed with the pay officer by enlisted men as security for their return from absence on leave and forfeited by desertion, and all money refunded by minors or others discharged from the service, will be credited to their respective accounts on the pay roll, and taken up by the pay officer on his summary statement and account current under " General account of advances". Art. 1488. Deposits by crew i. Enlisted men of the Navy and petty officers may deposit with with interest. -_ , , ,, , , the pay officer, upon whose books their accounts are borne, any por- tion of the savings accruing from their pay, and, with the approval of the commanding officer, savings from other sources on board ship, in sums not less than five dollars; the same to remain so deposited until final payment on discharge. Provided, That the sum of at least twenty-five dollars shall remain to the credit of such depositors on the rolls of the pay officers. 2. The pay officer shall furnish every depositor with a deposit book, in which shall be entered in the form of a certificate, signed by the pay officer and approved by the commanding officer, the date, place, and amount (in words and figures) of deposit, and the name and rate of depositor. MONEY. 335 8. No enlisted man or appointed petty officer shall be compelled to deposit any part of his savings, but when sums shall be due them they may make application to the commanding officer, not oftener than once in every month, to have such sums as they desire, not less than five dollars, and for no fractional part of a dollar, charged against their pay account and credited to their deposit account; and this request shall be granted in all cases, unless there shall appear reasons for not doing so, in which case the facts shall be reported to the Navy Department. 4. For any sum not less than five dollars, deposited for the period of six months or longer, depositors, on final discharge, shall be paid interest at the rate of four per cent, per annum. 5. All money so deposited shall be accounted for in the same man- ner as other public funds, and shall pass to the credit of the appro- priation for " Pay of the Navy", and shall not be forfeited by sentence of court-martial, but shall be forfeited by desertion, and shall not be permitted to be paid until final payment on discharge, or to the heirs or representatives of a deceased sailor, and it shall be exempt from liability for such sailor's debts. The Government shall be liable for the amount deposited to the person so depositing the same. 6. Upon final discharge, the pay officer having the account of depos- itors shall make payment in full, with interest, of all sums deposited during enlistment. 7. The attention of depositors should be called to the importance of preserving deposit books, as the only certain means of insuring abso- lutely correct payment without delay. SECTION 6. MONEY ISSUED TO OFFICEBS AND CBEW. Art. 1489. The pay officer will issue money to petty officers and persons of Payment* to crow, inferior ratings and marines, only in such sums and at such times as shall be directed in writing by the commanding officer; and all such issues must be made in the presence of an officer of the division witness. to which the men belong. Art. 1490. The pay officer shall, except when prevented by an exigency of the p *y officer to be service, to be determined by the commanding officer, be present and Sole**. ' U98> personally superintend all issues of money and the receipting there- for. Art. 1491. Monthly and special money requisitions, in duplicate, shall be Money reqnUt- prepared by the executive officer and submitted to the captain of the ship, who, after approving the same, shall forward them to the pay officer. Immediately after the payments aTe made, the pay officer will return one copy of the requisition to the commanding officer. 336 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1492. qui^wT^for* ^ ** ^h enever money is paid to a petty officer or an enlisted man he ments. shall acknowledge the receipt thereof by his personal signature, or by his mark if he is unable to write, in the petty cash book, and the witnessing officer shall in each case attest the same by his signature in the appropriate column of the book. 2. In no case shall money be paid to any other than the person against whose account the same is charged. Art. 1493. Payment* to offl- The laws in most cases provide simply for the payment of an annual sum to officers; but both public and private convenience require, and custom has fully established, the practice of paying officers once a month, and this is now to be regarded as the authorized rule of the service. CHAPTEE XXIX. ACCOUNTS AND EETURNS. SECTION 1. GENERAL ACCOUNTS. GENERAL DIVISIONS. Art. 1494. 1. It shall be the duty of the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts to Bureau of Snp- cause property accounts to be kept of all the supplies pertaining to w'nTkTep property the naval establishment, and to report annually to Congress the money accoiint - values of the supplies on hand at the various stations at the beginning of the fiscal year, the dispositions thereof, and of the purchases and the expenditures of supplies for the year, and the balances remaining on hand at the end thereof. (Act of March 2, 1889.) 2. Complying with and extending the requirements of the above act, a comprehensive, central system of accounts, covering all the financial affairs of the naval establishment, shall be maintained under the direction of the Paymaster General of the Navy. Art. 1495. The general account shall embrace: (a). Naval Establishment. The general proprietary account, which shall embrace all the money, General proprie- real estate, ships, and other property of the naval establishment; and ** (6). Money Account. This shall be kept in a ledger of appropriations, which shall show Money account at all times the condition of each appropriation. Supplementary to O f eadTapproprii^ this shall be a ledger of disbursements, or personal accounts with tion - disbursing officers charged with public funds pertaining to the naval establishment, and, for the purpose of showing at all times the bal- ances available under the various appropriations, a ledger of liabili- ties authorized or incurred. Art. 1496. 1. Debits and credits under various titles and subtitles shall be Debits and wed- its under titles and derived from the vouchers which mark all movements or use of naval subtitles, supplies or money. Those covering expenditures of money, in the form of public bills, pay roll summaries, and account current sum- maries, shall be charged to the objects for which the expenditures are made, and shall be credited to the proper appropriations. Expendi- tures of material, as shown by the summaries accompanying balance 337 1344822 338 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. sheets, shall be charged to the respective objects and credited to the general account supplies. Vouchers most 3. Every voucher being the subject of entry in two accounts, a formation. debit in one and a credit in the other, it is essential that it should bear on its face the information necessary for the proper debit and credit entries in the books. Necessity for 3. Special attention is directed to the necessity for stating sub- stating subtitles. . titles, as well as the general lettered titles upon vouchers and in sum- maries. The title classifies the expenditure, but the subtitle is essen- tial in order to lodge that expenditure in its proper specific account. Art. 1497. Expenditures to All final expenditures of money and materials for the naval estab- be charged under i *.. . A , , ^ j ^ , -,_ * three heads. hshment shall be appropriately charged under the general heads of (1) Ships; (2) Shore stations; (3) Contingent sundries. The ledger accounts as hereinafter detailed, in which final outlays of money and supplies will lodge, are arranged with reference to natural heads of expenditure, and all subsidiary books, reports, and vouchers shall lead up to them. ACCOUNT SHIPS. Art. 1498. General title* and The account ships shall comprise special accounts under the follow- ing general titles, with name of each ship as a subtitle, viz: 1. Title A. Cost and Valuation. Direct charges to I. To show original cost or appraised valuation, and shall include tion. 1111 f every expenditure that may properly be made a direct charge to the ship during original construction. Deterioration to II. Deterioration from whatever cause, as ascertained by periodical cco r unt ted toshlp 8 or special survey, shall be credited to the ship's account under this title and charged to "Deterioration and waste". (Title W.) Objects of charge. III. The following list comprises, under general heads, such in- tegral parts of a ship, or ordinarily nontransferable fixtures, as shall be objects of charge under this title: Hull. Rigging, standing. Spars in place. Davits, boat. Engines, main. Davits, cat and fish. Engines, auxiliary. Tanks, oil. Engines, spare parts for. Ladders, hatch. Boilers. Gratings, hatch. Tanks, water. Hooks, hammock, in place. Pumps, steam. Windlass, steam. Pumps, hand, fixed. Steerer, steam. Stanchions, awnings. Radiators, steam. Bell, ship's. Ash hoists, steam. Engine-room annunciators. Distilling apparatus. Speaking tubes. Lightning conductors in place. Cranes, shot and shell. Blocks in place. ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 339 "Blocks in place" shall be construed as covering only such blocks Blocks in place, as -are permanent appendages to a ship, and such as are necessary attachments to masts, spars, or standing rigging, to make them com- plete as such, and thus become nontransferable fixtures. All other blocks shall be considered as forming part of a ship's outfit under Title B, "Equipage". IV. Objects of charge under Title A, which are constructed at one Objects con- yard for a vessel at another, are not subjects of invoice. When ready a'o for transfer the general storekeeper shall make the shipment, but shall not take them up on his books, nor shall they be taken up on the books of the general storekeeper of the yard at which received. They shall be in charge of the department concerned, and any further work thereon shall be an object of charge under Title A, as though the work had been continuous and the object so much material already charged to the title. 2. Title B. Equipage. I. To show expenditures upon ships not charged under Title A, but charges to ships necessary for making them manageable, habitable, and serviceable as equipa CCOUnt * men of war. II. The objects of charge under this title shall be subjects of invoice Objects of charge, by general storekeepers, and are comprised under the following gen- eral heads, viz: Battery ; primary. Rigging, running. Battery, secondary. Furniture of all kinds. Carriages, gun. Anchors. Mounts, gun. Chains. Equipments, gun. Buoys, life. Magazine outfits. Galley and standing fixtures. Sails. Range and standing fixtures. Awnings. Engine and fireroom tools. Boats. Dynamo and spare parts. Spars for boats. Dynamo, tools for. Sails for boats. Wire, electric, in place. Blocks (transferable). Electric fixtures. III. Repairs to objects of charge under this title at navy yards shall Repairs to equip- be made under Title Z. All such objects requiring repairs, not already a s e - borne upon his books, shall be invoiced to the general storekeeper. After appraisal they shall be invoiced by him to the proper repairing department " For use " under Title Z, at the appraised value, and when completed shall be invoiced back to the general storekeeper as " Manu- factured articles " under Title X, at a value determined by the appraised value before repair and the labor and additional material expended in making the repairs. Articles of equipage or supplies on board ships to be repaired by a navy yard force must, in all cases, be in- voiced to a general storekeeper, and take the course above indicated. In no instance are such repairs chargeable to Title D. Repairs to equipage of ships in commission not made at a navy yard shall be charged to Title C. 340 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 3. Title C. Cost of Commission. K u f 'h' g e x " ^ 8 ^ ow r unn i n g expenses, and shall include pay of officers and crew; value of rations consumed or commuted; value of stationery for ship's use, coal, oil, and other supplies consumed or used in ordinary repairs made by the ship's own force, such as painting, carpentering, calk- ing, etc., bills for pilotage, towage, canal tolls, removing ashes, etc. Under ordinary circumstances the value of supplies consumed and chargeable under this title shall be shown for the quarter by the aggre- gate of the expenditures entered in the "For use" column of the balance sheets rendered by heads of departments. 4. Title D. Repairs. Repairs to objects With the exception of repairs provided for under Title C, all repairs Title 'A^" ' r to such integral parts of a ship, or ordinarily nontransferable fixtures as were objects of direct charge to the ship under Title A, and ex- penditures for additions, improvements, and alterations in original construction and arrangements, shall be charged under this title. In cases of repairs to ships in commission, not at a United States navy yard, by other than the ship's own force, a statement shall be at- tached to the balance sheet showing the sum to be debited to the ship's account under this title. ACCOUNT BHORE STATIONS. Art. 1499. General, sub, and The "Account shore stations " shall comprise special accounts under additional titles. t k e f o n ow i n g general titles, with the name of each navy yard or station as a subtitle, and in summaries, under Title E, the name of each item of new or unfinished work (not repairs) will be given as a subtitle. 1. Title E. Real Estate and Chattels. Charges to eta- To include cost or valuation of fixed property designated by the fixed and^OTtbto eneral term " real estate", being land owned by the Government property. and devoted to the uses of the naval establishment, the structures belonging thereto, such as dry or other docks, wharves, storehouses, ship houses, machine shops, dwellings, and other buildings; and of movable property denoted by the term " chattels", viz, derricks, shears, cranes, scows, pile-drivers, and tugs not borne upon the Navy Regis- ter; tenders, launches, lighters, boats, etc., not belonging to a receiv- ing or other ship, but pertaining to the station proper; fire engines, horses, oxen, vehicles; and all articles of furniture, etc., in houses or offices, that are supplied from appropriations for the naval establish- ment. 2. Title F Machinery Plant. Charges to ta- To embrace cost or valuation of plants for producing or trans- ttons on acconnu>f m itting power, including engines, boilers, shafting and appurte- toois. nances; machinery and machine tools for manufacturing purposes. 3. Title Cf. General Maintenance. Charge- to sta- I. To include pay of officers attached, of the permanent civil estab- tions on account of ... jr^v, *^.i_ j m-xi -n running expenses, lishment, and of the crews of tugs, boats, etc., on charge under Title E ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 341 "Real estate and chattels"; cost of repairs to all property belonging to that title or to Title P, "Machinery plant"; fuel for heating; water; lighting; rent of landings, telephones, houses, rooms, offices, or build- ings for the use of the station; provender for horses and oxen, with incidental expenses pertaining thereto; dredging; hand tools used in general shop work; blank books, blanks, and stationery for use of the several yard departments; the cost of making packing boxes; care of and towage of vessels not in commission; handling coal and other stores; services of experts, etc. II. The expenses of Navy pay offices, which are natural adjuncts of the stations to which they severally pertain, shall be chargeable under this title, including pay of purchasing pay officers, clerks, etc. ACCOUNT CONTINGENT SUNDRIES. Art. 1500. The "Account contingent sundries" shall comprise, under the fol- Titla * lowing titles, accounts of various expenditures under naval appro- priations that may not be included in the preceding accounts, viz: 1. Title H. Personnel Unassigned. To include pay of officers retired, or for other reasons not on duty; Charges on ac- ... , ... ,. . , count of officers pay and rations of enlisted men awaiting draft or discharge on board and men unas- receiving ships. 2. Title I. Special Duty. To include pay officers on duty at the Navy Department and its officers on sp- dependencies; Smithsonian Institution; as instructors in colleges; as cialdut y- members of courts, boards, etc., with subtitles for the respective bu- reaus of the Department and other principal permanent general heads. 3. Title K. Coast and Geodetic Survey. To include pay of officers and crews serving thereunder, and value Officers and men of their commuted rations. duty. *** 8 u r v e y 4. Title L. Light-House Establishment. To include pay of officers serving thereunder. Officers on light- 5. Title M. Fish Commission. To include expenditures similar to those under Title K. Officers on duty with fish commis- 6. T^tle a Models and Jixpertments. sion. To include expenditures of completed models of ships and for ex- Completed perimental work. de j 8 and e ^ Ti ' 7. Title 0. Naval Militia. To include all expenditures therefor. Naval militia. 8. Title V. Miscellaneous. To include expenditures for advertising, telegraphing, printing, and Charges o n a c - .... , . . count of miscella- photographmg; expenses of recruiting, rent, and maintenance of ren- neous items. dezvous; care, transportation, and burial of the dead; rent of buildings, offices, and rooms, except when chargeable to Title Gr, " General main- 342 U. S. NAVY HEGULATIONS. tenance"; wages paid on account of legal holidays when no labor is performed; drawing materials and instruments for use in Navy De- partment; freight and express charges; all mileage and traveling expenses; disbursements in general under appropriation " Pay mis- cellaneous", not belonging to other accounts; and any other expen- ditures not chargeable under preceding titles. 9. Title W. Deterioration and Waste. Charges on ac- To be charged with deterioration reported by survey; with value count of loss. of supplies condemned as utterly worthless, lost, destroyed, or thrown overboard, if not chargeable to any of the preceding accounts; with loss in invoice values through reduction of price by boards of sur- vey and appraisal; and by sales at auction. ACCOUNT SUPPLIES. Art. 1501. SuppHestobe All materials, supplies, and manufactured articles, before being first charged under ,. .... . . . ,. * Title x or Y. charged under preceding titles, must pass through intermediate accounts, where they shall be borne between the times of purchase or manufacture and ultimate use. The property accounts main- tained by officers in charge of supplies here fall into place as essential components of this system. Ledger accounts are kept with all gen- eral storekeepers, and with heads of departments afloat, in which they are debited and credited with their receipts and expenditures as established by the audit and quarterly returns. These ledgers are important subsidiaries to the main ledgers kept in the office of the Paymaster General. 1. Title X. Supplies in Store. Supplies in Under Title X shall be carried all supplies in storehouses on shore, and all new receipts delivered thereto, either through purchase, manufacture in Government workshops, or transfers from ships. 2. Title Y. Supplies Afloat. Supplies on Under Title Y shall be carried all supplies placed on board ships, board ship. ^^ thg except i on O f equipage, which will be carried under Title B. Ships' balance sheets shall embrace articles under both titles com- bined, but invoices shall include only articles under one title and be inscribed accordingly. 3. Title Z. Conversion Accounts. Accounts of I. An indispensable adjunct of the account supplies is the con- depaxtme C nt. Uring version account, which shall embrace all articles manufactured and repaired by Government for the naval establishment and delivered to general storekeepers for issue. It shall be debited with all ma- terials used in manufacture, and with the appraised value of all articles invoiced to this title for repairs, and with all labor applied thereto, together with such additional charge necessary to cover the ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 343 general expense included under attendance, power, etc., which can- not be charged directly to specific product; and it shall be credited with the ascertained cost of completed manufactures as invoiced to general storekeepers for issue. Material unavoidably wasted in manufacture shall be included in cost of product. II. While the debit items of material and labor will be exactly A distinct spe- . cial account t o b e balanced in the long run by the credit items of completed products, kept with each there will never be an exact balance at any given time owing to the department! 1 ring unfinished work in hand for which debits have been made, but for which the final credits are not yet ascertained. In order to keep this general account satisfactorily in hand in the office of the Pay- master General, a distinct special account shall be kept with each bureau manufacturing establishment at each navy yard. VOUCHER INSCRIPTIONS. Art. 1502. 1. Invoices of supplies transferred from one station to another shall invoice*, be inscribed under Title X, " Supplies in store ", in the blank space "' to the left of the printed headings of the money columns. 2. Invoices of supplies, except equipage, transferred by a general storekeeper to a ship in commission, or from a ship to a general store- keeper ashore, shall be inscribed, respectively, in like manner, " From Title X, Supplies in store, to Title Y, Supplies afloat", or the reverse, as the case may be. 3. Invoices of outfit or equipment, included in the general heads named under Title B, delivered to a ship shall be inscribed "For Title B, U. S. S. ", and when returned into store shall be inscribed " From Title B, U. S. 8. , to Title X ". 4. Invoices of supplies transferred from one ship of the Navy to another shall be inscribed in like manner, "Under Title Y", or " Under Title B ", as the case may be. 5. Invoices of materials and supplies issued for use in building a ship shall be inscribed "For Title A, U. S. S. ", as demanded by the requisition that was the occasion of the invoice; if for use in re- pairing a ship the inscription shall be " For Title D, U. S. S. ". 6. Invoices of supplies to be used for construction of new buildings or other property comprised under " Heal estate and chattels ", shall be inscribed " For Title E, U. S. navy yard (or station) "; if for new machinery, machine tools, etc., "For Title F, U. S. navy yard (or station) "; if for repairs to property embraced under either of the two above named titles, "For Title G, U. S. navy yard (or station) ". 7. In order that the necessary credits may be given to Titles E and F for articles worn out and unserviceable, invoices of all articles pertaining to these titles, which are condemned by survey, shall be forwarded to the Paymaster General, quarterly, by the heads of departments concerned. 344 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 8. Invoices relating to expenditure of material or supplies to be used in the manufacture or repair of any article, which, in its completed state, will be invoiced to the general storekeeper for issue, shall be inscribed " For Title Z, Conversion account". 9. All such manufactured and repaired articles, when issued by the general storekeeper, shall be invoiced as " For Title B, U. S. S. ", if pertaining to the general heads named under Title B; "For Title E, TJ. S. navy yard (or station) ", if pertaining to real estate or chattels; "For Title F, U. S. navy yard (or station) ", if pertain- ing to machinery plant; " For Title G, U. S. navy yard (or station) ", if pertaining to general maintenance, etc. 10. Invoices of unused material returned into store, which has been charged directly to objects under Titles A, D, E, F, and G, shall be inscribed in like manner, " Credit to Title A, TJ. S. S. ", or " Credit to Title D, U. S. S. ", or " Credit to Title E, U. S. navy yard (or station) ", or " Credit to Title F, U. S. navy yard (or station) ", or " Credit to Title G, U. S. navy yard (or station) ", as the case may be. 11. Invoices of unused supplies returned into store, having pre- viously been issued and charged to Title Z, "Conversion account", shall be inscribed " Credit to Title Z, conversion account." 12. Invoices of supplies for experimental purposes shall be inscribed, " For Title N ", unless a finished product is to be turned over to the general storekeeper for issue, in which case they shall be inscribed, "For Title Z". 13. Invoices of supplies for models of ships shall be inscribed, " For Title Z ". When completed, the models shall be invoiced to the gen- eral storekeeper, by whom they shall be taken up in his books and expended "For use", the invoice thereof being inscribed "For title N". 14. At shore stations, vouchers for expenditures under the head of "Condemned" shall be inscribed, "From Title X, Supplies in store, to Title W, Deterioration and waste ". On board ships, like vouchers shall be inscribed, "From Title Y", or "From Title B", as the case may be, to "Title C, Cost of commission", unless the supplies in question are to be turned into store, in which case the inscription shall be, "From Title Y", or "From Title B", as the case may be, to "Title X, Supplies in store". 15. If an invoice embraces supplies chargeable to more than one title, those to be debited to each must be clearly shown, either by grouping under the respective titles the issues to be charged severally thereto, or by a recapitulation by titles, the total of which shall agree with the total of the invoice. 16. On board ships in commission, the quarterly invoices of ex- penditures " For use " prepared by the respective bureau represen- tatives shall be inscribed "For Title C, U. S. S. ". ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 345 Art. 1503. 1. Public bills for supplies delivered to general storekeepers shall Public bills how inscribed be inscribed, "For Title X, Supplies in store". 2. Public bills for supplies purchased by and delivered directly to ships shall be inscribed, "For Title Y, Supplies afloat". 3. Vouchers for transportation, freight, advertising, rent, express charges, mileage, etc., shall bear inscription in like manner, "For Title V, Miscellaneous". Art. 1504. Each balance sheet rendered by a general storekeeper shall be ac-- Balance sheets to companied by a summary of the expenditures "For use", showing a^m^y nied by the aggregate of issues for each title and subtitle to which issues have been made during the quarter, the total of the summary agree- ing with the total of the " For use " column of the balance sheet. PAY ROLL SUMMARIES. Art. 1505. Vouchers for pay and wages require careful consideration, as one Pay rolls to b e roll may contain disbursements that are chargeable to many different summarized under proper titles. titles. Attention to the following directions will secure proper data for writing up the accounts: 1. The pay officer of a station will have the necessary information Summary of navy in his possession for dividing among the different titles the amounts officers" 1 ! n'd" 8 f disbursed on his rolls of officers and enlisted persons. listed men. 2. As these rolls do not reach the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts, a summary of each complete roll shall be made by the pay officer, showing the gross amount chargeable thereon to each title or sub- title embraced in the same, and showing separately the gross amounts paid under Title G to officers and enlisted persons. 3. This summary shall be a complete epitome of all credits and debits entering into the quarterly roll, arranged for bookkeeping purposes. The second money column shall contain the various totals of the different columns composing the recapitulation of the roll, the first showing the separate amounts to be dispersed among the proper titles and subtitles. 4. The pay officer shall certify that the summary is correct and that its total agrees with that of the roll, and the commandant shall transmit it, after approval, to the Paymaster General. Art. 1506. 1. The pay officer of a ship shall prepare, in like manner, a sum- Summary of mary of each completed pay roll, showing, separately, the gross sh 'P' 8rolta - amounts chargeable under the several titles to officers, crew, and marines, which should be certified, approved, and transmitted with his account current for the Paymaster General. 2. The summary of a ship's quarterly pay roll is identical in prin- ciple with that of a navy yard, embracing all of the debits and credits 346 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. shown on the roll, and showing the requisite dispersion of the re- capitulation totals among the various accounts. Ships' expenditures not embraced in the pay roll summaries, shall appear in the balance sheets and accounts current rendered by pay officers. Art. 1507. cifasVii ary a f ^ffl- *' Purchasing pay officers shall transmit to the Paymaster General, cer's account cur- quarterly, a summary of account current, embracing in an epitomized form all the debits and credits of the account current for the same period. 2. All vouchers transmitted by the Paymaster General for settle- ment, for which remittances are made, are classified in the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts under titles and subtitles, and should be reported on the "Summary of account current" in one sum. Fourth Auditor's certificates included in remittances from the Paymaster General should be treated as vouchers, and included in this sum. 3. Payments of Fourth Auditor's certificates under the appropria- tions " Pay of the Navy " and " Pay miscellaneous " for the current fiscal year should be reported under subtitles according to their special character. 4. For all vouchers not requiring approval, the aggregate amount paid under each title must be shown. Art. 1508. Summary of de- l. A summary of the pay roll of each department of the several navy'yaTds^ '* yards shall be made up, showing the gross amount chargeable to each title and subtitle. It shall be prepared in the respective department offices from the records of the time clerks, and based upon the charges for wages in the job order accounts. The wages charged to the various jobs under Title Z shall be summed up, and reported in the summary of the department roll as "wages charged to conversion account". indirect charges. 2. Wages of superintendents, engineers, firemen, oilers, sweepers, and other employes that cannot be assigned to specific titles or sub- titles, being for services of a general nature common to and shared in by all, shall, at the end of each month, be prorated and distributed among the several titles and subtitles benefited thereby during the month. The amounts thus assigned shall be added to the direct charges to the several titles and subtitles, to form the gross amounts chargeable. 3. Pay roll summaries shall also show the appropriations under which the several expenditures are made. statement of ad- 4. A statement of amounts expended for additional draftsmen, men, n e a tc. draughts " writers, etc., employed under the Act of March 3, 1887, shall accompany the pay roll summary, and shall designate the particular vessels or other items to which such expenditures are charged in the summary. Pay roll summa- 5. p av rolls of the several departments shall show in the summaries rie and summaries , , . , on pay rolls differ, thereon the amounts charged for labor furnished to other depart- ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 347 Pay rolls to b and ap " Expense account. merits and the amounts credited for labor supplied by other depart- ments, so that the net expenditure under the various appropriations may be determined by the pay roll of each; but on the pay roll sum- mary forwarded to the Paymaster General only the labor furnished shall be a matter of entry. Labor performed by one department for another shall be summarized, by titles, subtitles, appropriations, and bureaus, on the pay roll summary of the department upon whose rolls the labor is borne, and not upon that of the department for which it is performed. 6. The heads of departments shall certify that the summary is cor- rect; and the commandant, after approval, shall transmit it to the Pay- master General within fifteen days after the completion of the rolls for each month. Art. 1509. Materials chargeable to the general expense account, being fuel for power and any other material which cannot be specifically as- signed, shall be prorated among the several titles and subtitles sharing in its benefits. Material issued for the purposes entering into this account shall be expended by the general storekeeper under Title G, and the necessary adjustment made in the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts from a quarterly statement to be furnished by the respec- tive heads of departments, showing the portions of the account chargeable to each title and subtitle. Art. 1510. Heads of departments at navy yards shall furnish the Paymaster General, monthly, an analysis of expenditures of labor and material under " Title D, Repairs of vessels ", under the following heads, show- ing under each head the specific job orders, viz: 1. The amounts expended for additions and improvements. 2. The amounts expended for alterations in original construction and arrangement of hull, machinery, or fittings. 3. The amounts expended on repairs due to wear and tear. 4. The amounts expended on repairs due to casualties. CONVERSION ACCOUNT SUMMARY. Art. 1511. 1. A summary of work under "Title Z, conversion account" shall Conversion ac- .... ,,, , ,, , , , ,, , , count summary to be transmitted monthly by the heads of the several departments at be forwarded to navy yards to the Paymaster General. This account shall embrace all e ^ a Y naster Gen " articles repaired and manufactured by the yard departments for issue by the general storekeeper and, consequently, to be invoiced to him and taken up in his books. 2. This summary must present the following information : information to- I. The "Value of unfinished work brought forward", which shall unfinished' work be the total expenditures of labor and material, on articles in course brou s ht forw a rd - of manufacture or undergoing repairs at the end of the preceding Analysis of ex- ' 1 * 8 nnd 348 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. month, and on completed articles not yet invoiced to the general storekeeper. Total expend i- II. The " Total expenditures during the month", which shall be: Of labor, the gross amount charged to Title Z, as shown by the pay roll summary; of material, the appraised value of all articles invoiced to this account for repairs and the value of other material received from the general storekeeper under Title Z, plus that portion of the material chargeable to the general expense account (expended by the general storekeeper under Title G), prorated to Title Z, as shown by the quarterly statement. Work finished III. The "Value of work finished during the month", which shall represent the value of articles manufactured or repaired, and in- voiced during the month to the general storekeeper for issue. The balance will be the " Value of unfinished work ", under Title Z. Trial balance. IV. A trial balance or statement shall be appended to the summary showing the expenditures of labor and material embodied in the " Value of unfinished work " under general heads, such as " Supplies for U. 8. S. ", "Supplies for general issue", "Outfit of U. S. Art. 1512. Account under 1. In the office of the Paymaster General an account under Title Z Title 7 in Pav master General's shall be kept with each department at each navy yard. office - 2. The account shall be charged with the labor under Title Z, as shown by the monthly pay roll summaries, with all articles and material expended to that title by the general storekeeper as shown by the inscriptions on invoices, and with material expended under Title G for general expenses and prorated to Title Z, as shown by the quarterly statement of the distribution forwarded to the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts. 8. It shall be credited with the value of articles invoiced to the gen- eral storekeeper, and taken up on his books as received from manu- facture. 4. The balance in the account is the " Value of unfinished work ", and must agree at all times with that item in the summary. The im- portance, therefore, is apparent, of including all invoices to and from this account in the monthly or quarterly returns covering the dates named in the invoices. CONSTRUCTION WpRK ACCOUNT. Art. 1513. Accounts to be 1- In order that the cost of products may be accurately ascertained, maintained. tne following system of accounts shall be maintained in the construc- tive and manufacturing departments of all navy yards and stations, unless the existing methods will accomplish the same ends with accu- racy, or can be adapted thereto with modifications. It is absolutely necessary, however, to render the reports required. ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 349 2. In each department a book shall be kept, known as the job order job order book, book, in which shall be recorded, under serial numbers, all jobs of special or routine work authorized or ordered. For each job order, a record shall be kept of all material drawn for and labor applied thereto. 3. Three principal books shall be used, the record of daily work, Record of daily the ledger, and the record of finished work. Each job order, when about to be undertaken, should be first entered in the record of daily work, the sum of the expenditures thereon in labor and material re- spectively being entered daily. Upon the completion of the job, or at the end of the month, if not finished, the sum of these respective ex- penditures on each job should be posted in the proper job order job order ledger, account in the ledger. All direct charges will thus appear in the ledger accounts in monthly aggregates. 4. Besides the items of direct charge in labor and material, there indirect charges. are many that are indirect, and must be prorated among all the jobs. Among these are wages for superintendence, foremen, engineers, fire- men, oilers, etc., materials for motive power, fuel, oil, etc., and the expense of making small tools and current repairs to machinery or machine tools, not worthy of entry as job orders. 5. All these expenditures in the nature of indirect outlay are Expense account, charged to an expense account, those for labor and material being kept separately. 6. During each month the amounts charged to expense account, for Each job to b& labor and material respectively, shall be prorated among the several prop^rti^n *o h f in- job order accounts and the proportion of indirect expenses chargeable direct expenses. to each job thus ascertained. These amounts shall be charged in the ledger accounts, and the indirect expenses thus enter into the total cost. 7. For all manufactured articles that are to be turned over to the indirect expenses general storekeeper for issue, this indirect expense must be included inTotee'price*! 6 * 1 m in the cost or price given in the invoice to him. 8. For convenience in keeping the accounts, two series of job orders separate series of should be maintained in the record of daily work; one embracing all {or THi^^d for orders under Titles A, D, E, F, G, N, and V; the other comprising only other titles', orders pertaining to "Title Z, Conversion account", from which all articles manufactured by the Government for the naval establishment emerge, upon delivery to general storekeepers for issue. It is desirable to keep all job orders under this account in a separate series, for greater ease in obtaining the total amount of wages charged under this head for the monthly summary of the department pay roll. 9. The record of finished work is explained in its name. Upon Record of finish- the completion of each job, under any title, the total expenditures ec thereon in labor and materials shall be ascertained from the ledger including the percentage for ifidirect charges. 10. After entering all the finished jobs for the month, a summary summary of un- shall be made which shall give the respective total outlays up to date flni8hed i bs - 350 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. for all unfinished work. These totals form the basis of the next month's accounts. Supplies to be 11. Supplies drawn from the storehouse for constructive and manu- credft g?ven *for facturing purposes must be charged in full to the proper job order portions returned. accoun ts, and such supplies as may be unused and turned into store must in like manner be credited to the job order accounts to which Surplus supplies they were charged. Surplus supplies shall be turned in and credit to "tore? ' ' given, so that some objects may not appear to have been manufactured at excessive cost while the actual expenditure on others is not expressed by the stated cost, in consequence of the use of material " not on charge ". SECTION 2. SUPPLIES ACCOUNTS. Art. 1514. Prescribed ac- Four separate and complete accounts shall be kept by general storekeepers, viz: a. Account general stock. 6. Account increase of the Navy supplies. c. Account reserved supplies. d. Account condemned supplies. Account general 1. The books for the general supplies (a) shall comprise the accounts of all supplies for general issue not purchased under the appropri- ations "Increase of the Navy", and shall be as follows: 1. Requisition book. 2. Receiving book. 3. Bill book. 4. Expenditure book. 5. Class ledger. 6. Great ledger. Classified sched- 2. The basis of these books is the classified schedule of supplies and t le *' id material. The classification must therefore be strictly adhered to in preparing bills, requisitions, invoices, etc. Requisitionbook. 3. The requisition book is for entering in full on the left-hand page all requisitions, each in the portion allotted to the proper bureau, before leaving the storekeeper's hands. When the requisitions shall have been filled, and the vouchers prepared, entry is to be made on the right-hand page, opposite each item, showing date of receipt, quantity, and actual cost. Receiving book. 4. The receiving book is for entry of all supplies exactly as received (before bills are rendered), showing the packages in which received (if packed), gross weight, and enumeration of the articles in detail, as found upon examination. Upon receipt of bills, they should be checked off by entries in this book, in which no separation by bureaus is necessary. Record of gross 5. The record of gross weights should be very complete, as store- ept ' keepers may be called upon to furnish to the respective bureau rep- resentatives at navy yards information as to gross weight of all supplies placed on board ships. ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 351 Expenditure book. Class ledger. 6. The bill book is for entry of all supplies received and taken in BUI book, charge by the general storekeeper; in other words, it is to be a complete record of all debits. So far as practicable, articles manufactured in the various departments of navy yards and turned over to the store- keeper for issue, should be embraced in monthly invoices to be en- tered in the bill book at the end of the month. Each page of the bill book should be footed up, the amount carried forward, and a grand total shown at the end of the quarter. 7. The expenditure book is for the entry of all expenditures of whatever nature, and should be as complete a record of credits as is the bill book of debits. 8. The class ledger is the book of final record, to which all the pre- ceding are subsidiary. It is a standard mercantile ledger, to contain thirty-two accounts, one for each class of the schedule. The debit and credit entries are to consist only of the aggregate money values of classes, as shown on the various receipt and expenditure vouchers. No entry of quantities is possible, and none of values except as class totals. In this book individual items are entirely disregarded, the smallest unit of entry being the aggregate value of the class con- tained in any voucher. All receipts shall be entered in the one receipt column, while the expenditures shall be distributed under the proper bureau heads. The debit side of this ledger is to be posted from the bill book, and Debits, shall show under each class the date and number of the voucher from which any entry may have been made, from what source received, and the aggregate value of the items embraced in the class. The credit side is to be similarly posted from the expenditure book, creditt. with aggregate class values only, showing under the proper class or classes the date and number of each expenditure voucher, to whom and on account of which bureau issued, and whether for use, con- demned, or transferred to ships or other yards, separately, there being distinct columns for these respective purposes. An important dis- tinction is involved here, to which careful consideration must be given. The purpose of this ledger is to enable a succinct and valua- ble report to be made the quarterly balance sheet showing impor- tant facts in totalized form as to the receipts and expenditures. At the end of the year these reports shall be summarized in the bureau. Therefore, to convey a correct statement as to the expenditures, the distinction must always be preserved, in preparing expenditure invoices and entering them in this ledger, between supplies expended for use and those expended by transfer. Under the latter head should be entered all expenditures that are simply a transfer to another storekeeper on shore or to an officer afloat. There will be no doubt as to the proper entry of expenditures under the head of "Condemned "; in the " For use " columns should be entered all issues for actual con- sumption, whether in the nature of perishable stores, or of material or supplies used in process of manufacture. 352 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Great ledger. 9. The great ledger is the ledger of itemized accounts. In it shall be entered all articles and material embracing the stock carried in store. Not only must each kind of article be entered, but separate items in detail shall be made of similar articles of different material, dimensions, description, numbers, etc. Prom this ledger average prices are to be ascertained. It is essential that supplies received should be entered in the great ledger without delay. Purchasing pay officers shall immediately, upon making an award, furnish the gen- eral storekeeper concerned with the unit prices of all articles pur- chased in fulfillment of requisitions and bureau orders. The Pay- master General shall furnish copies of proposal as soon as contracts are awarded. Upon the return to the general storekeeper of inspection reports by the board of inspection, the prices thus obtained are to be entered thereon for articles passed, and the receipt entry made in the ledger from the inspection report so priced. When supplies are received from other stations, the items shall be first taken up in the great ledgers from the transfer invoices as soon as they shall have been verified. Manufactured articles are to be taken up from memorandum invoices, immediately upon receiving the latter from the heads of departments. Entries of expenditures to heads of departments on stub requisi- tions shall be made from these stubs at the time they are priced. Supplies delivered to ships must be accompanied by duplicate mem- orandums of the supplies. When the supplies are delivered, one copy shall be receipted and returned to the general storekeeper, and the prices entered thereon and the articles expended from the ledger at the same time. When supplies are shipped, each consignment is to be accompanied by a memorandum giving list of articles and prices. The expenditures shall be posted from this memorandum. Art. 1515. Account increase The books for increase of the Navy supplies shall comprise the ac- counts of supplies purchased under the appropriations " Increase of the Navy ", and shall consist of books similar in number, character, and form to those used for general supplies. The accounts of these supplies shall be kept separate in every particular from those purchased under other appropriations. Art. 1516. Account reserved 1. The books for reserved supplies shall comprise the accounts of all supplies of every kind, set apart for particular ships, which are subjects of invoice to, or from, heads of departments on board, and will consist of I. Record book. II. Class ledger. Becord book. 2. In the record book shall be entered under the name of a ship all the supplies which may be set apart for that ship, a sufficient number of pages being allotted to each vessel to meet the requirements of a. ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 353 debit and credit account of its supplies. The supplies for each de- partment should be entered separately in order to facilitate the pre- paration of invoices. The record book shall give all the detailed information required for the preparation of invoices when the supplies are to be delivered to the ships. All supplies taken up in this account, received from other sources than from ships in commission, will, of course, first appear on the books either for general stock or for increase of the Navy sup- plies, but they shall be invoiced directly from this account to the ship concerned. It is not intended that all supplies delivered to a ship should necessarily pass through this account. Generally supplies for ships in commission shall be invoiced directly to the ship from account "a"or"b". It is only when supplies are set aside and not immediately delivered that they must be taken up in this account. 3. Supplies received at navy yards from a ship in commission, or when D imperial of put out of commission, shall first be taken up in this account, and JJJjJE 1 'ships "among their further treatment determined by the approved recommendations other wcounu. of properly constituted boards or by the orders of the Navy Depart- ment. Those recommended to be sold should be transferred to the "Account condemned supplies ", and those recommended to be " turned into store " for general issue, to the "Account general stock ". All other supplies shall remain in this account until returned to the ship or other- wise disposed of. If delivered to another ship, the supplies shall be invoiced directly from the account. Articles ordered to be repaired shall be invoiced to the proper repairing department, and when com- pleted should be taken up in this account, if to be returned to or re- tained for the ship from which they came; if repaired for general ssue, they shall be taken up in account "a". 4. The class ledger shall be of the same form as those for other ac- class ledger, counts. The entries shall be made of the receipts and expenditures for all ships, as a whole, without reference to a particular ship. Art. 1517. 1. The "Account condemned supplies " shall comprise the accounts Account con- supplies of condemned to be sold. The condemned ledger must, there- demned supp 1 "*"- fore, embrace only articles condemned for sale, and should present their shrinkage in value by deterioration, etc., and their actual value to the Government, so far as can be determined by appraisement. 2. Transactions involving revaluation, in consequence of repairs to Transactions not be made, of articles being condemned to be used for other than their apP 68 " ^ original purposes, and of changes in value of articles fit for issue, must not appear in account "d". These transactions are completed by entering the invoice value of Transactions the articles in the " Condemned" column of the account in which they count 6 ^ wh ich appear, and taking them up in the same account and proper class at ***** ppr. the new value fixed by the board of appraisal. 1344823 354 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Method of en- 3. The balance on hand in the comdemned ledger at the beginning triei< of a quarter should represent the appraised value of articles held for sale. The receipts during a quarter shall comprise the invoice value of articles condemned for sale during the quarter and transferred in consequence from other accounts, or taken into stock if not borne upon the general storekeeper's books. The difference between this invoice value and the appraised value determined at the time of con- demnation shall be expended as "loss by appraisement". Articles taken up in this account for sale which may be otherwise disposed of by authority shall be expended as "transferred" at the appraised value, and invoiced to and regularly taken up as a new receipt, in the account under which they are to be used, before final expenditure. Thus the balance remaining on hand at the end of a quarter will represent the appraised value of the condemned supplies, and their loss in value will be presented. When the articles are sold, the amount realized will be expended " For use ", and the account balanced by entering the difference between the appraised value at which they were carried and the amount realized from the sale. When the amount received is less than the value at which the articles were carried, the difference shall be entered under "Loss by appraisement"; if greater, under "Received during quarter". The necessity for eliminating dead supplies from the active books is impressed upon general store- keepers. Action of boards 4. The action of a board of survey and appraisal should be requested praisai ve to a be r as frequently as prompt treatment of such supplies may demand, in questedfrequentiy. order that supplies totally unserviceable for Government use should be expended, and either disappear from the active books entirely, or be transferred to account " d ", if for sale. Art. 1518. Balance sheets. The balance sheet is a quarterly return, dealing in money values only, showing by classes the balances, receipts, and expenditures of all supplies. One for each account shall be rendered to the Paymas- ter General by each general storekeeper within thirty days after the close of each quarter, accompanied by vouchers for all expenditures during the quarter, and by receipt vouchers not already rendered. It is to be made from the class ledger. An abstract of all receipt vouch- ers and an abstract of all expenditure vouchers entering the account shall be submitted with the return. The abstract of receipts should be separated into four parts : " Purchased ", " Transferred ", " Manufac- tured articles," and " Board of survey and appraisal". Art. 1519. Returns of pro- General storekeepers shall render quarterly returns to the Bureau etc "at 8hore b Bt f Supplies and Accounts of receipts and expenditures, and balances UonB - on hand of provisions, clothing, small stores, and contingent stores, giving the quantities and values; and a weekly return of quantities, only, on hand at the end of each week. ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 355 Art. 1520. General storekeepers shall also forward to the Bureau of Supplies Daily report of and Accounts daily reports of expenditures to yard departments, general suppifeB. quantities only, of all other supplies under account " a ", with the ex- ception of supplies purchased and manufactured during the fiscal year in which the reports are made. They shall also forward a press copy of all invoices of transfers to Press copies of ships and to other yards, indicating the articles purchased or manufac- transferred. 8t r8 * tured during the fiscal year. The daily reports must be prepared in the usual manner as to classification, and with minuteness of detail as to material, description, dimensions, quantity, etc. Art. 1521. On board ships all the supplies pertaining to any one bureau shall Quarterly re- be embraced in one account. Each bureau representative shall keep O f r departments a on the account of supplies in his charge and, except the pay officer, render board ship to BU- quarterly balance sheets, with vouchers, to the Bureau of Supplies Accounts. and Accounts. The books shall consist of a bill book, an expenditure book, a class ledger, and a great ledger, and their general character, form, and purpose shall be the same as of those prescribed for general storekeepers. Art. 1522. Pay officers of ships shall render to the Bureau of Supplies and Quarterly returns Accounts complete returns for each quarter, as follows : pay'^offi^ers ^ Quarterly return of provisions and contingent supplies. 8hips - Quarterly return of clothing and small stores. These returns must be accompanied by all vouchers for receipts and expenditures entered therein, excepting only the expenditures to the crew and marines, and such as may have been previously for- warded. Art. 1523. All articles of contingent supplies furnished for use in the pay de- Contingent sup- partment of a ship are to be retained on charge by the pay officer and j e nVto ^retained carried forward in his returns, as "on hand", until they are either on charge, turned over to his successor, or into store, and expended on proper invoices ; or, if lost, expended from the books by survey. Art. 1524. Whenever books, blanks, stationery, or yeoman's stores are received Books, blanks, by pay officers, they shall be examined at once and compared witli the meiu "obe y exaimin- allowance tables. Any deficiency should be reported to the Pay- a when received, master General. Art. 1525. Pay officers of storeships shall keep the accounts of the cargo Cargo accounts to entirely distinct from those of the ship. be kept ie P to - 356 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1526. Duties of Second Under the statutes it Is the duty of the Second Comptroller of the Comptroller of _ Treasury. Treasury 1. To examine all accounts settled by the Second, Third, and Fourth Auditors, and certify the balances arising to the Secretary of the Department in which the expenditure has been incurred. To report methods 2. To report to the Secretaries of War and of the Navy the official ing accounts. * **" forms to be issued in the different offices for disbursing the public money in those Departments, and the manner and form of keeping and stating the accounts of the persons employed therein. (R. S., Sec. 278.) TO prescribe rules 3. The Second Comptroller may prescribe rules to govern the pay- for payment of * * wages due enlisted ment of arrears of pay due to any petty officer, seaman, or other persons deceased. p erson not an officer, on board any vessel in the employ of the United States, which has been sunk or destroyed, in case of the death of such petty officer, seaman, or person, to the person designated by law to receive the same. (R. S., Sec. 274.) Art. 1527. Duties of Fourth It is prescribed by the statutes that the Fourth Auditor shall receive Auditor of Treas- , . ^v -KT -r% ury. and examine all accounts accruing in the Navy Department or relative thereto, and all accounts relating to Navy pensions; and after exami- nation of such accounts he shall certify the balances, and shall transmit such accounts, with the vouchers and certificates, to the Second Comp- troller for his decision thereon. (R. S., Sec. 277). Art. 1528. AH claims to be All claims and demands whatever, by the United States, or against settled in Treasury . , - ., , . , , , T , . . , _ A Department. them, and all accounts whatever, in which the United States are con- cerned, either as debtors or as creditors, shall be settled and adjusted in the Department of the Treasury. (R. S., Sec. 236.) Art. 1529. emieTof" for "t^b* A ^ credits f or differences of pay, on account of promotions or length referred to Fourth of service, must be referred to the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury for settlement. A strict observance of this rule is necessary to prevent double payments. Art. 1530. Fourth Auditor's "Whenever a certificate of the Fourth Auditor is presented to a pay paid' only 8 by pay officer for payment, bearing upon its face an authorization for the officernamedthere- disbursement by some other pay officer, the certificate must be re- turned to the Fourth Auditor for correction and proper entry, before it can be paid. Art. 1531. Money under dif- Distinct accounts shall be kept of moneys received and expended tioM* appropna " under different appropriations, and a pay officer shall never apply them to any other objects than those for which they were drawn, ex- cept by special written authority from the Secretary of the Navy. ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 357 Art. 1532. Disbursing officers are required to keep their accounts with the Accuunts with United States separate and distinct under every bond given by them, k^^parateVuder and to state in the caption of each quarterly account the date of the everv bond - bond under which it is rendered. Art. 1533. Where provisions of a general nature are included in appropria- Appropriation tion acts, they are construed as binding from the date of the approval dlte'of IpptuVaU^ of such acts. Art. 1534. In all cases of transfers of funds or supplies, the receiving officer Receipts for funds must state in the receipt given that he holds himself accountable to tr the United States for the sum or quantity received. Art. 1535. A pay officer can not be held responsible for payments to any per- Eesponsibinty aon who has been removed from the Navy, unless the pay officer has rons^mo^eV'from received official notification of the fact. the Navy. Art. 1536. No subscriptions for newspapers or contracts for telephone service subscriptions for shall be made without the express authority of the Department, and neW8 P a P ers - all bills for such expenditures must have the approval of the Secretary of the Navy before being paid. Art. 1537. 1. Pay officers or others who, in carrying out orders from the Advertising in Department or any bureau thereof, are under the necessity of adver- tising, shall forward to the Department a copy of the proposed adver- tisement and the Department will take such further steps as may be required for the publication of the same. 2. Bills for advertising are allowed by the accounting officers only when accompanied by a copy of the written authority of the Secre- tary of the Navy and a certified copy of the advertisement. 3. All advertisements, notices, proposals for contracts, and all forms of advertising required by law for the several departments of the Oovernment, may be paid for at a price not to exceed the commercial rates charged to private individuals, with the usual discounts; such rates to be ascertained from sworn statements to be furnished by the proprietors or publishers of the newspapers proposing so to advertise. Art. 1538. Salaries shall not be paid to any employes in any navy yard, except salaried and per those who are designated in the estimates. All other persons shall ^ ei receive a per diem compensation for the time during which they may be actually employed. (R. S., Sec. 1545.) S58 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1539. i^y ticket*. 1. In paying employes, pay tickets shall be used differing in color for the different departments. This ticket when signed is a certificate of time made, rate of pay, and amount due, and an absolute receipt for the money paid, and is not transferable. 2. Pay tickets shall be made out beforehand by the time clerk of each department, and shall give the employe's name and number, as stated in the pay roll. They shall be served out to the men by their foreman or quartennan at the close of work on the day preceding the payment, in order that the men may have time to examine and sign them, outside of working hours, before presenting them for payment. The pay ticket must be properly signed by the payee before the money will be paid. 8. All pay rolls, whether for the first or second half of the month, shall state the exact amount due to each man, and payments shall show exact correspondence with the amounts stated on the pay roll. 4. In the case of a workman belonging to one department who has been temporarily employed by other departments during the half month preceding, he shall be entered only on the roll of the department to which he regularly belongs and for the total amount due him on account of all, and shall receive but one pay ticket covering this total amount, thus obviating the presentation of several tickets from the different departments for which he has worked. The head of depart- ment receiving the labor shall furnish the head of department furnish- ing the same with such information as will enable the latter to reca- pitulate his roll under the proper appropriations, and to make the proper charges under the several titles and subtitles on the summary of the pay roll on which the labor is borne. Art. 1540. Pay officers at Pay officers at stations having on their rolls the names of officers or on^roiis'^Vrso^B men wno are doing duty on tugs or ships in the harbor, and entitled Herring on tugs, ^ sea p aVj ghould be careful to note the fact on the roll, with the name of the ship to which such persons are attached. Art. 1541. Vouchers requir- Before a pay officer can receive credit at the Fourth Auditor's for checkage? " office for any amount of money checked on his books as having been advanced by a purchasing pay officer, he must produce the order under which the advance was made, or a copy thereof, with all indorsements, certified to be such by the officer receiving the advance. The pay officer shall always inspect the original order and satisfy himself that all indorsements are embraced in the certified copy. Art. 1542. Gunnery prizes. Gunnery prizes shall be paid upon public bills made under th proper appropriation. ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 359 Art. 1543. The wages due a deserter are forfeited to the United States; the Accounts of proceeds of the sale of his effects left on board shall be credited to ' his individual account on the pay roll, and accounted for to the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury by the pay officer under " General account of advances ". Art. 1544. 1. Pay officers shall make an immediate return to the Fourth Audi- Accounts of de- tor's office of the accounts of deceased persons, and transmit their wills, if they have left any. The balances which may have been due at the time of their death will be paid only after a statement of the accounts at the Fourth Auditor's office. 2. Payment of balances due deceased seamen and marines will be made to administrators who are heirs, or appointed with the consent of the heirs. 3. When the balance due does not exceed the sum of one hundred dollars, letters of administration will be dispensed with and the pre- scribed affidavits substituted. The widow, if she be the applicant, should render a certified copy of her marriage certificate. 4. Heirship may be established by the fact being inserted in the letters of administration, and additionally proven by the affidavits of two disinterested persons, taken before an officer empowered to ad- minister oaths. 5. If the heirs be minors, guardians should be appointed. Payment of arrearages claimed under a will 'shall only be made after satis- factory proof of the will is adduced to the accounting officers. 6. No payment will be made to a creditor until the balance due to claims against the deceased person shall have remained in the Treasury, uncalled balances due - for by an administrator or heir, for six months after information of the death of such person shall have been received at the Department; at the end of such time, if the balance shall not have been demanded by an administrator or heir, the claims which shall have been pre- sented and proven before the accounting officers will be paid in equal proportion. 7. When foreign heirs fail to appoint an attorney in the United Foreign hein. States, the certificate may be made payable to the United States con- sul, who certifies to the papers, for payment to the proper heir. Art. 1545. Before a pay officer can receive credit for a payment made to an vouchers for pay- officer for any service, he must produce the order under which the ment* to officers for service performed. service has been performed, or a copy thereof, with all indorsements, certified by the officer to be such, together with a certificate by the officer of the time at which he left his domicile or station to enter upon such duties. The pay officer shall always inspect the original order and satisfy himself that all indorsements are embraced in the certified copy. 360 U. S. NAVY KEGULATIONS. Art. 1546. Transfer accounts. l. Transfer accounts of either officers or men must be made in duplicate, except when the accounts are sent to the Fourth Auditor. Separate blanks shall be used for officers, for the crew, and for the marines. Transfer of offl- 2. All transfers of the accounts of an officer of the Navy from one cers 1 accounts. pay officer to anot her shall be made directly. If he has allotted any portion of his pay, the pay officer, upon transferring his account, shall make a note thereon of the monthly sum allotted, the place of pay- ment, and the date of expiration of the allotment. Transfer of men's 3. The accounts of men transferred shall be made out in conformity with the regulations of the Treasury Department, and must accom- pany the men. They shall be sent by the pay officer making the transfer to the pay officer of the ship, yard, or station to which the transfer is made, who shall, after comparing them, receipt one copy and return it to the pay officer who made the transfer, as a voucher for the settlement of his accounts. 4. The transfer of accounts must in all cases be made through the commanding officers. Correction of 5. The pay officer shall, upon receiving written orders from the captain, make any necessary changes in his books to correct errone- ous entries in the names or description of enlisted men in transfer rolls. Such order shall be filed as a voucher with the accounts. Art. 1547. Original entry on Before the name of a newly enlisted person can be entered on the books for pay, the pay officer must receive a written order from the commanding officer, giving the name, date, term of enlistment, and rating under which enlisted. Art. 1548. Receiving sfclp Pay officers of receiving ships shall be careful to specify every man x>u * > whose name is borne on the rolls who is enlisted for special or receiv- ing ship duty. Art. 1549. Pay clerks to A pay clerk shall not be entered upon the muster roll of any ship, gtance. ath ** nor ^ e entitled to any pay, until he shall have accepted his appoint- ment by letter, binding himself therein to be subject to the laws and regulations for the government of the Navy and the discipline of the ship, and shall have taken the oath of allegiance. Art, 1550. Accounts of per- Whenever a person leaves or is removed from a naval station or tion without a set- S ^P without a settlement of his account, and is not expected to re- tiemeut. turn within a definite period, and his account is not to be transferred to any pay officer, it should immediately or at the first opportunity be transmitted to the Fourth Auditor. ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 361 Art. 1551. Whenever any person holding a temporary appointment has been Appointed offi. ,. t f- u tu j * e I-L. cere entitled to pay detached from a ship on a foreign station by the detachment of the until arrival homo, officer who appointed or nominated him, the pay of such person } without commutation of rations, shall be continued after his de- tachment for the time necessary to enable him to reach, by the short- est and most direct route, the place in the United States which he left under his appointment. Art. 1552. Pay officers of ships shall furnish the paymaster of the Marine Changes in ma- , , , . rine guard to be re- (Jorps a statement of the accounts of any marines whose names are ported to paymas- borne upon their books who may die, desert, or be transferred to a ^ g of Marine shore station. Art. 1553. Pay officers shall retain from the monthly pay of each enlisted man Retained pay of of the Marine Corps borne upon their rolls the sum of four dollars per on board month during the first year of his first enlistment. All transfer ac- counts of such men must show their rate of pay without this deduc- tion and the total amounts retained to date. The amounts retained each quarter shall be entered on the pay roll in the column of "Amounts checked" and have written over them the words "Re- tained pay." Art. 1554. 1. Subsistence furnished to enlisted persons attached to ships of Subsistence of the Navy, when unavoidably detained on shore under orders, or absent thorized r * absence by authority from the ship to which attached, must be charged to from 8hi P- appropriation " Provisions, Navy " for the fiscal year in which the subsistence is furnished. During the time of such subsistence their rations shall be stopped on board ship, and no credit for commutation therefor shall be given. 2. Pay officers of ships shall indorse on vouchers covering such cases a full explanation as to the nature of the circumstances under which the subsistence was necessary, and certify that no credit was given during the time for commutation of rations. Art. 1555. * 1. Water issued on board ships is payable from three different ap- Fresh, water, propriations, according to the purpose for which used, viz: From payment for. * Provisions ", for cooking and drinking; from "Steam machinery", for use in testing and for the preservation of boilers, and from * Equipment of vessels", for steam launches and steaming purposes. 2. Water purchased for ship's use should be paid for from the appropriation for the department for which it is used. Art. 1556. 1. Expenditures for the transportation of enlisted persons for med- Transportation ical treatment, upon the recommendation of medical officers, are ofenlisted persons. 362 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. chargeable to the appropriation, " Contingent, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery". 2. In order to show clearly the purpose of such transportation, pay officers procuring the same shall note the fact on the voucher and give the name of the patient. 3. Transportation furnished all other enlisted persons in the Navy is chargeable to the appropriation, " Transportation, recruiting and contingent, Bureau of Navigation ". Art. 1557. Clothing and 1. In order to protect the clothing and small stores fund from email stores to be , , , , .. ,,. , , . , , . ,. . ,, charged at an ad- gradual depletion, resulting from loss on issues, deterioration in the cent 6 f ^vo'ice con dition of supplies, or other causes, an advance of five per cent, shall prices. be charged on the invoice price of all clothing and small stores issued to officers, crew, marines, and to ships' departments. 2. The percentage shall be included in the prices at which the articles issued to officers, crew, and marines are to be calculated and charged. The amounts so charged shall be entered on the pay rolls and in the summary statements and accounts current; but in account- ing for the issues upon the quarterly returns the percentage is not to be considered, the values there entered being calculated at the average cost. 3. All the expenditures by invoices to ships' departments, surveys, or other special vouchers, shall be calculated at the average cost prices, the percentage being added in one sum below to the total amount of each voucher, and the gross amounts entered upon the summary statements and accounts current. 4. Transfers to other pay officers are to be made at the average cost prices. 6. In the summary statements and accounts current, after entering each invoice of clothing and small stores received at the cost given in the invoice, the pay officer shall charge himself with five per cent, upon its gross amount, and he shall likewise credit his account with five per cent, upon all the expenditures he makes at cost, so that his balance due the Government will always include this percentage. Art. 1558. Clothing and Articles of clothing and small stores issued at reduced prices, fixed dta*ed 8 invaiue r by b y survey, should be accounted for as follows : urvey. 1. An expenditure should be entered on the quarterly return of the articles, at their full value, as " Reduced in value by survey ". 2. An entry of the same article should be made at the bottom of all other receipts, at the reduced values. 3. Issues to crew and transfers to next quarter, or to any pay officer, should be treated separately, at the reduced value, and there- after such articles should be kept entirely distinct, both as to receipts and expenditures, from all other clothing and small stores on board r and not taken into account when fixing the average cost prices. ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 363 Art. 1559. 1. The pay officer of each ship shall keep a book, to be called the Deposit book* of record of deposits, in which shall be entered a complete history of ing deposit w i u each deposit made by enlisted men, and in case of the transfer of any P a y fflcer80f sh 'P 8 - man to another ship or station, he shall send, with his account, a statement, in duplicate, approved by the captain, which shall be a transcript from the deposit record, showing in words and figures the date and amount of each deposit made. 2. This statement shall be given to the pay officer taking up his accounts, who shall retain one copy and return the other to the officer who made it. 3. This statement shall be transcribed in the deposit record of the receiving pay officer, as also any subsequent deposits made while the man is borne on his rolls. 4. At the end of each month pay officers shall forward to the Fourth Auditor with their summary statement an abstract of deposits made during the month, with a list of the names of depositors, showing in each case the date and amount of deposits; and shall debit themselve 8 under appropriation " General account of advances " with the sum so received. 5. Pay officers shall note on the abstract of deposits and on the transcript of deposits the number of the deposit book held by each depositor named. 6. Upon final discharge the pay officer shall credit each depositor, Settlement o n in the appropriate column of the pay roll, with the total amount of his deposits and also with the accrued interest thereon to date of his discharge; writing over the same the words " deposits " and " interest ", respectively. The pay officer shall take up the deposit book and transmit it to the Fourth Auditor with his quarterly accounts. Attached to the deposit book shall be a statement showing separately the date, amount, and interest due on each deposit, and also the totals of the deposits and interest as credited on the pay roll. This statement shall be signed by the pay officer and approved by the captain. 7. Should a deposit book be lost, the captain shall cause the depos- LOSS of deposit itor's affidavit to be made to the fact, in duplicate. The affidavit book ' should set forth all the facts and circumstances connected with the loss of the book, and that the depositor has not sold or assigned it. 8. Upon this evidence, the pay officer may pay without the deposit book, and the responsibility for the correctness of the amounts cred- ited shall rest upon the pay officer originally certifying to them. 9. When the depositors who have lost their deposit books desire to make additional deposits before final payment on discharge, the cap- tain may direct the pay officer to furnish other books in which such deposits shall be noted. Each of said books shall contain a statement of the aggregate amount of deposits to date. 10. In entering the amount paid for repayments of deposits on summary statements and accounts current, the amount of the deposits 364 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. and the amount of interest thereon shall be stated separately, the for- mer being debited to " Pay of the Navy, deposit fund", and the latter to "Pay of the Navy". Art. 1560. Treasury ao- Every pay officer of the United States who receives public money dered^quarteriy? 11 " which he is not authorized to retain as salary, pay, or emolument, shall render his accounts quarterly. Such accounts, with the vouchers necessary to the correct and prompt settlement thereof, shall be sent by mail or otherwise, within thirty days after the expiration of each successive quarter, direct to the proper accounting officer of the Treasury. In case of the nonreceipt at the Treasury of any accounts within a reasonable and proper time thereafter, the officer whose accounts are in default shall be required to furnish satisfactory evi- dence of having complied with the provisions of this article. Art. 1561. The quarters of 1. The numbering of the quarters of the year shall be made by the Bal y ear - fiscal year as follows: First quarter, July 1 to September 30. Second quarter, October 1 to December 31. Third quarter, January 1 to March 81. Fourth quarter, April 1 to June 30. 2. In the indication of accounts and vouchers, the preparation of warrants and Departmental blanks, the payment of salaries, and all other business of the Department in which it may be necessary to di- vide or make mention of the quarters, the foregoing shall be observed. Art. 1562. Account current Purchasing pay officers and pay officers of shore stations shall trans- from^hore^tations niit to the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury quarterly, and when de- and Navy pay offi- tg^ed f rom duty, an account current of all moneys received, expended, and remaining on hand under each appropriation, accompanied by an abstract and by all rolls, vouchers, and other papers necessary to sub- stantiate the account. Art. 1563. Quarterly Treas- l. Pay officers of ships shall render to the Fourth Auditor of the ory returns from _ pay officers of Treasury quarterly, and when detached * ti P >< I. A general pay roll, embracing the individual accounts of the offi- cers, men, and marines, with the columns added and the amounts stated in ink, and a recapitulation of the several pages; showing also the dates of entry and detachment of officers, the dates of all entries, dis- charges, transfers, deaths, desertions, enlistments and reenlistments of the crew and marines, and the vessel or station to which officers, men, and marines are transferred. It must be signed in the receipt column, and be approved by the captain. II. An account current showing all receipts and expenditures, and the date of bond, with vouchers for open purchases and all contingent ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 365 bills, properly approved by the captain and receipted, and a com- plete statement of the small stores and clothing account, with the receipts of other disbursing officers; also a full statement of all mon- eys received for provisions. III. All transfer accounts and rolls of officers or men, whether to or from the ship. IV. Orders for one-fourth additional pay to such of the crew as are detained beyond the expiration of the time of their enlistment ; for increased pay to men enlisting under continuous-service certificates ; for crediting " honorable discharge " money ; for thirty-three cents per diem to men employed as firemen and coal heavers ; for money paid for transportation of officers or crew to any point whatever, either at home or abroad ; for all ratings and disratings ; and for taking up newly enlisted men from the dates of their enlistment. V. All original letters, or copies thereof, from pay officers, Fourth Auditor's office, and the Navy Department, and other papers neces- sary to substantiate the accounts. 2. As the complement of every ship is prescribed before sailing on sea service, the pay officer is required to obtain from the captain a certified copy of such complement, and to file it upon the rendition of accounts for settlement. 3. The " Receipted cash payments to crew and marines " shall be for- warded with the current accounts to the Fourth Auditor of the Treas- ury, at the end of each quarter. Art. 1564. Every man who is able to write must personally sign his transfer Signing and wit- accounts, allotment papers, and the pay rolls, and his signature be at- ^ tested by a witnessing officer; men who are unable to write shall sign etc - by mark. Art. 1565. A duplicate of the account current shall be forwarded quarterly to Duplicate ao the Navy Department for the Paymaster General of the Navy. connt current - Art. 1566. 1. Purchasing pay officers and pay officers of shore stations shall Monthly money transmit to the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury and to the Bureau of Sy^Te Supplies and Accounts a monthly money statement of all moneys re- 8tation * ceived, expended, and remaining on hand under each appropriation; and to the office of the Secretary and to each bureau of the Navy De- partment, except the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts, a similar statement for appropriations pertaining to them. 2. The statements for the office of the Secretary and for the Fourth Auditor shall be accompanied by an abstract of all payments under "Pay miscellaneous". These returns must be made out and for- warded within ten days after the expiration of each month unless, otherwise directed by the Secretary of the Treasury. 366 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1567. Monthly sum- l. Pay officers of ships shall transmit to the Fourth Auditor of the fronf ship* ei Treasury, and to the Navy Department for the Paymaster General, within ten days after the expiration of each month, a summary state- ment showing the balance at the beginning of the month, the receipts and disbursements under each head of appropriation during the month, and the balance at the end of the month. 2. When any such pay officer has Government funds on deposit in authorized depositories, he shall express separately, in the monthly summary statement, the balances severally standing to his credit in such depositories, naming them, and also the amount of cash on hand. This statement shall be submitted for approval to the captain, who shall carefully examine the items of receipt and expenditure and as- certain whether vouchers for all such items have been duly approved by himself. Purchases of 3. When clothing and small stores are purchased for other vessels B tore" by fleet^'ay- l) y paymasters of the fleet, they must charge themselves, in the cloth- master. i n g an( j sm all stores account of the fleet account current and sum- mary statement, with the value of the supplies purchased, and credit themselves with the amount by transfer to the officer receiving the supplies. Papers to accom- 4. With the summary statement transmitted for the Paymaster Gen- ste^ement'for'pa}- eral shall be forwarded the seconds of public bills for expenditures master General. under all the bureaus of the Navy Department and the office of the Secretary; also duplicate invoices of expenditures of provisions and contingent supplies to ships' departments ; of provisions issued to super- numeraries not entitled to pay; and of all supplies issued by order of the captain at the request of a United States consul to destitute American seamen, or to foreign refugees, etc. 5. Pay officers ordered to or detached from a vessel or station upon any day between the first and last of the month shall be careful to render a summary statement for the fractional portion of the month. 6. The summary statement shall always be forwarded promptly by mail, independent of other returns. Art. 1568. Monthly ab- 1. In order that the several bureaus may be properly informed as Suta from ^ay b offl C - to expenditures from appropriations under their control, respectively, cera of ikipe. p av officers of ships shall send to each, excepting the Bureau of Sup- plies and Accounts, a monthly abstract of public bills under its cogni- zance, accompanied by a copy of each voucher. 2. Abstracts of public bills must show, for all disbursements therein reported, the bureau and appropriation specifically concerned. Ab- breviations, if used, should be unmistakable. 3. In some cases an appropriation of a gross amount under one general title contains subdivisions with sums devoted to definite pur- poses. These are equivalent, practically, to distinct appropriations, ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 367 a separate account being kept for each. In these instances the sub- division must be as clearly indicated in the monthly abstracts as if separate appropriations had been made with different titles. Art. 1569. 1. The accounts of all pay officers at shore stations, including gen- inspection of ac- eral storekeepers, shall be inspected quarterly by the general in- ticm"! 8 ** 81 spector of the pay corps, at such times as the Department may direct. 2. An inspection of the accounts of pay officers of ships shall be inspection of ac- made quarterly. In every case check books shall be examined and ^uadroif. 8h ' ps ' the cash balance on hand verified. On ships attached to a fleet or squadron, the inspections shall be made by the senior pay officer of the fleet or squadron, at such times during the quarter as the com- mander in chief may direct. When a ship is separated from the flagship for more than one quarter, the cash balance on hand shall be verified by a board of two officers in the presence of the captain. 3. The inspection of the accounts of pay officers of receiving ships, Of receiving and of all other vessels unattached to squadrons, shall be made, when specfafseiv 8 ^ 8 D in United States waters, by the general inspector of the pay corps, un- less otherwise ordered. 4. Reports of these inspections shall be forwarded through the com- Reports of i n- manding officer of the ship concerned and the senior officer present counts. 01 to the Navy Department, for the Paymaster General. Art. 1570. In the event of the loss of accounts occurring from the loss or cap- LOSS of accounts, ture of a ship of the Navy, the pay officer, on receiving a written c" r ties of pay offi " order from the captain, shall open other accounts with the survivors, from the date of the disaster, giving to each person the rating he held at the time the accounts were lost; and the accounts so made out are to accompany the survivors on their being transferred to a ship or station, the pay officer of which is to govern himself by these accounts in making payments or issues, until he receives further in- structions from the Navy Department or the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury. Art. 1571. General storekeepers will be allowed for the purposes of transfer, Time allowed for and for the rendition of their final returns upon detachment, such M time as may be necessary, not exceeding the following periods, unless by special authority: For navy yards at Portsmouth, Boston, New York, League Island, General store- Washington, Norfolk, Mare Island, for the Naval Academy, and for kee P ers - the torpedo station and training station at Newport, ninety days. For navy yard at Pensacola and for the naval stations at Key West and New London, forty-five days. 2. Other pay officers of the Navy shall render their final accounts other pay offi- and returns to the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury and to the Pay- cere " master General as soon after their detachment as practicable, and will 368 U. S. NAVY REGEL.ATIONS. be allowed for their rendition such time as may be necessary, not ex- ceeding the following periods, the time to begin from the date of arriving at their domiciles, provided there be no unnecessary delay; a certificate of which date must be filed with their accounts: For ships of the first rate, sixty days. For ships of the second rate, fifty days. For ships of the third rate, forty days. For all other ships excepting receiving ships, thirty days. For receiving ships at New York and Boston, sixty days. For other receiving ships, forty days. For navy yards at New York, Norfolk, and Boston, sixty days. For navy yards at Portsmouth, League Island, Mare Island, and Washington, forty days. For other yards and stations, thirty days. For Navy pay offices at New York and Washington, sixty days. For other Navy pay offices, thirty days. 3. The time for the rendition of final returns and accounts by pay officers, after their detachment from duty, will not be extended except for urgent reasons. 4. The usual time necessary for packages to reach the Departments will be allowed in addition to the time given above. Art. 1572. D-rections for 1. When in the presence of the flagship, or conveniently accessible officers'*!' cc o unto thereto, the accounts and returns of pay officers must be forwarded and returns. through the paymaster of the fleet, who, as well as the captain, is required to indorse the date of forwarding on the letter of advice. When returns are forwarded direct, the paymaster of the fleet must be informed by the pay officer of such fact, and a copy of the account current sent to him. 2. All packages must be sealed by the pay officer from whom they emanate, and must not be opened during transmission. The letter of advice shall, however, be forwarded in an accompanying envelope, unsealed, and shall be indorsed by the officers through whose hands it is required to pass. 3. The returns must be arranged in separate packages for the dif- ferent bureaus and offices requiring them, with separate letters of advice. 4. The exterior of each package must be indorsed so as to show the nature of its contents and from whom, and must be fully addressed for its ultimate destination. 5. If the returns for any bureau should be found too bulky to be sent through the mails, they may be divided and numbered, and so referred to in the letter of advice. Should it be considered safer or more economical to forward them by express, they may be so for- warded, and the letter of advice only sent by mail. 6. All disbursing officers must prepay the expense of transportation of their accounts. Such expense must be accounted for in the usual ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. 369 form by public bills duly receipted, or vouched for by the pay officer's certificate if no receipt is annexed, as may be the case when postage expenses are incurred. 7. Expenses for postage will not be allowed in the United States, except for the last returns rendered after a pay officer's detachment from duty. Art. 1573. In all payments to persons employed by the Government at a Computation of monthly salary (or yearly, if paid in regular monthly installments, as ^ 1 ' in the case of marine officers) pay officers shall observe the follow- ing rules: 1. The law providing compensation having ignored unequal dura- tions of months by allotting the same pay to each, and the pay tables having, for convenience, subdivided each month's pay into thirty equal parts, thus paying in twelve months, of thirty days each, the full salary provided by law for the entire year, the months should be assumed in computing pay, as they are by law, to be of equal length, any other duration than thirty days being ignored. 2. To conform with the foregoing, to secure greater accuracy in computation, and to save the trouble and delay of four distinct cal- culations of monthly pay in computing the time of service of Gov- ernment officers and employe's, thirty days shall be assumed as the length of each and every month in the year. 3. For any full month's service performed by persons employed by the Government at a stipulated monthly rate of compensation (or yearly salary, if paid in regular monthly or bimonthly installments)* payments shall be made at such stipulated monthly rate without re- gard to the number of days the month paid for may contain. 4. In cases when the service commences on any intermediate day of the month, and thus embraces only a fractional part thereof, thirty days will be assumed to constitute the entire duration of such month. 5. When the service terminates at an intermediate day of the month, and hence embraces but a fractional part thereof, the whole number of days during which service was rendered in such fractional part of a month will be allowed in making payments. 6. For convenience in calculating service embracing two or more months, or parts of months, but one fraction will be made. Thus, from the 21st of September to the 25th of November, inclusive, shall be calculated as follows: from the 21st of September to the 20th of October, inclusive, one month; from October 21st to November 20th, inclusive, another month; and from the 21st to the 25th of November, inclusive, five days; making two months and five days. 7. When two fractions of months occur in any account for service, both together being less than a whole month, as from the 21st of August to the 10th of September, the calculation of time shall be from August 21st to 30th, inclusive (ignoring the 31st), ten days, and from 1344824 370 U. S. NANY REGULATIONS. the 1st to the 10th September, inclusive, ten days, making the time to be paid for twenty days. 8. Service beginning in February shall be calculated as though that month contained thirty days; thus, from February 21st to end of month, inclusive, ten days will be allowed, though the actual time is but eight or nine days: Provided, that when service begins on the last day of February, payment shall be made for only one day in that month. 9. The foregoing rules do not apply to commutation of rations, nor to laborers employed at a per diem allowance. In computing them, the actual number of days are to be ascertained and allowed. The following rules shall be observed for estimating the pay of laborers, workmen, and mechanics for work performed in excess of eight hours per day: For work performed between the hours of 6 a. m. and 8 p. m., in ex- cess of eight hours, the same rate of pay per hour shall be allowed as for eight hours' work. For night work, or between the hours of 8 p. m. and 6 a. m., and for Sundays and legal holidays, the same rate of pay per hour for a day's work of eight hours with fifty per cent, additional thereto shall be allowed. 10. Laborers employed by the month, and actually performing their first day's labor on the thirty-first day of any month, shall be paid for that day. 11. Individual pay accounts should distinctly specify the exact time during which officers actually render service, under authority entitling them to pay, in the grade for which pay is claimed. 12. When accounts are rendered for service stated to have been performed from one given date to another, one of the days named Bhall be excluded, unless it is specified or clearly shown by the form of the account that the service was " inclusive " of both. 13. In computing service for officers of the Navy under any rate of pay, the day on which it began and the day on which it ended should both be included; thus, sea pay is allowed for both the day of reporting and the day of detachment. Fractions of days are not to be recognized in making payments. ACCOUNTS AND RETURNS. SECTION 4. REPORTS AND RETURNS. 371 Commanders in chief and captains of ships will see that the following reports and returns are made and forwarded: BY WHOM SENT. WHEN TO BE SENT. SUBJECT. TO WHOM SENT. Commanders in Annually, before General report of operations of commands chief. Do October 1. Annually, and on Inspection of efficiency of ships Do. Do joining and leav- ing command. June 30, Dec. 31, Reports on fitness of officers Do. Do and when officers are detached. Semiannual ly, or Requisitions for supplies Do Do when necessary. Quarterly do Inspection of naval hospitals on foreign stations- Cruising report _ _ and Accounts. Navy Department. Do. Do do Do Do Monthly Distribution and employment of ships Do Do Monthly, and end List of numbers of correspondence Do. Do of cruise. Monthly Punishment of officers Do. Do Do. Do Intelligence reports Do. Do When necessary Defects in ships, armaments, or equipment- Do. Do Do. Do _ -do Shifting flag to another ship _ _ Do. Do do Appearance of infectious diseases Do. Do After an engage- Reports and diagrams of service Do. Do ment. When occurring Any important service Do. Do When necessary Expiration of times of officers and men Bureau of Naviga- Do When occurring Transfer of officers to or from hospital tion. Do. Do do Charter party (quadruplicate) Do do Report of passengers Do. Do When relieved Copies of important unexecuted orders Do. Do abroad. When detached in United States without relief. June 30, Dec. 31, Original records or authenticated copies of official correspondence. Reports on fitness of officers _. Do. Do. squadrons or divisions. Do and when officers are detached. Punishments of officers Do. Do Inspection of efficiency _ _ _ Do After an engage- Reports and diagrams of service chief. Do. ment. Do Do do Any important service _ _ __ Do. do Neglect or disobedience of orders ._ Do. Captains of ships Do Do Beginning of cruise do Date of assuming command or going in commis- sion. Corrections in muster roll Inspection of efficiency_______ __ Navy Department. Bureau of Naviga- tion. Do June 30 Dec 31 Do. Do and when officers are detached. Steaming and other qualities Navy Department, Do do Proficiency of naval cadets for Bureau of Construction. Bureau of Naviga- Do do _ . Report of punishments tion. Do. Do do _ Inspection of hull of steel and iron ships Bureau of Construc- Do do Cruising report _ _ tion. Navy Depart iiini't. Do Quarterly; after Reports of target practice; great guns and small Bureau of Naviga- practice occurs. arms. tion. 372 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. BY WHOM SENT. WHEN TO BE SENT. SUBJECT. TO WHOM BENT. Captains of ships Do Do Quarterly; begin- ning and end of cruise, and when crew is relieved during commis- sion. Quarterly do Descriptive muster roll. (Form 5.) (On cruising training ships separate returns for men and ap- prentices.) Endurance of guns ._._ Bureau of Naviga- tion. Bureau of Ord- nance. Do. Do do History and inspection of detonators ___ Do. Do do Torpedo exercises Do. Do Do do do Inspection of gun cotton - _-, Torpedo report Do. Do Do do . Return of ordnance equipment and stores Do. Do Do do Monthly Instruction of officers and men in signaling Punishment of officers Bureau of Naviga- tion. Do do Powder prRRSTirB (now fnrm) it ...._ ut _, Bureau of r d - Do Do do ... do Temperature of magazines (new form) Report of enlistments (Form 4) nance. Do. Bureau of Naviga- Do Weekly, while fit- Condition of ship, deficiencies, etc. tion. Do ting out. Progress of work Do. Do der repairs at navy yard. Deficiencies in outfit --____ Do after commission. Inspection of efficiency (quadruplicate) Do. Do command. Passengers carried . Do. Do - - do Grounding, collision, or other casualty _ Commander in Do After makinga pas- Time under sail an A under steam chief. Do. Do Do sage. When occurring do Collision with merchant vessel (triplicate) Any important service Navy Department. Do. Do do Shipwreck Do. Do _ do Requisitions and bills approved ___ Commander in Do Defects in allowance books _ chief. Navy Department. Do Do When occurring do Receipt of distressed American seamen Deaths occurring on board Commander in chitf. Navy Department. Do Changes since last report Bureau of Naviga- Do Officers absent -, _____ tion. Do. Do a home port. r.hHrtpr p<""ty (qimdriiplimtfi) ______ Do Special ordnance survey. chief. Do do Transfer of explosives. nance. Do. Do do History of explosives Do. Do When an enlist- First sheet of enlistment record and shipping arti- Bureau of Naviga- Do ment is made. cles ( Form 1). Knlistm"t rr.nrd _ tion. Do. Do Do Do desertion, or death occurs. When occurring Before sailing List of sick left in hospital Description of deserters and absentees Intelligence reports United States con- sul. Commandant or senior officer. Navy Department. Do Bosses "f clothing hy shipwreck or capture ___ Do. Do do Report of death or disability Surgeon General. Do do Errors in r.hartji or sailing directions Bureau of Naviga- Do Do After an engage- ment, do Casualties and deficiencies Report and diagrams of service tion. Commander in chief. Do. Do When occurring Inventory of property taken from a prize Navy Department and United States district judge. ACCOUNTS AND BETURNS. 373 BY WHOM SENT. WHEN TO BE SENT. SUBJECT. TO WHOM SENT. Captains of ships Do When occurring ... do Claim for share in prize Prize lists Navy Department and United States district judge. Navy Department. Do do 1 Capture of prize and vessels in signal distance Navy Department Do do (duplicate). Sale of prize property _ _ and district judge. United States dis- Do Descriptive list of battery _ trict judge. Bureau of Ord- Do do Ordnance ledger _ _ _ . nance. Do. Do do Original correspondence or authenticated copies _ Navy Department. Do do Yeoman's ledgers Bureau representa- When fitting out Tnvnjp.A nfAqiiipmnnt outfit. tives at navy yard. cer. Do ment. Do Do An Coal report . Do. Do <1n __ Balance sheets, equipment and construction. . Bureau of Supplies Do. -do _ Abstract of receipt and expenditure vouchers and Accounts. Do. Do . .do Receipt and expenditure invoices Do. Do Report of special survey Navigator Do When fitting out _. do Invoice of equipment outfit (exempted articles) Tnvnic of ordnanr. outfit ment. Do. Do Annually, on Jan- Inventory of compasses, III Do uaiy 1. Semiannually, Jan- (Vmipaaa report, T ment. Do. Do uary 1 and July 1. do Curves of deviation, II _ Do Do do Analysis of deviation, IV Do. Do Semiannually Electric journal Do. Do Semiannually, o r Smnnth loghonk Do when completed. Return of equipment articles (exempt) tion. Do do __ Electric lamp report ment. Do Do -An .. . Balance sheets, ordnance and equipment Do do and Accounts. Do Do do Abstract of receipt and expenditure vouchers. _ Do. Do Monthly Meteorological report Do When occurring. General or special transfer of equipment articles tion. Do do (exempt). Report of special survey, equipment (exempt) ment. Do Do do -. Hydrographic information Fleet surgeon Do Quarterly , do Sanitary inspection of hospital on foreign station.. Aggregate rflpnrt. nf sink ^ tion. Commander in chief. Dn _ do f}ii. Ut f C m work of the engines must be well cleaned, and then painted or cov- ered with white lead and tallow. Packing, except metallic, must be re- moved from rods not of brass or cased with brass. All rods, the surface of the shaft under the clutch coupling, and the interiors of all steam cylinders and valve chests must be thoroughly cleaned and covered with black lead and tallow. 2. Bearings must be well oiled and the oil holes plugged with waste and tallow, the engines being first turned one revolution, and the pis- ton valves and the sliding part of the shaft coupling being brought to rest on well-leaded surfaces. The water cylinders and channel ways of all pumps and condensers must be drained and cleaned. The boilers must be washed out with fresh water and dried, and, unless beyond repair, the water bottoms and legs scraped and painted. 3. The gauges and oil cups must be removed, cleaned, marked with tags giving the name of the ship and location of gauge or cup, and turned into store. 4. The sea valves must be closed and properly secured. 5. The storerooms must be cleaned. CHAPTER XXXI. PRESERVATION AND REPAIRS OF SHIPS. SECTION 1. REPAIRS AT NAVY YARDS. Art. 1583. 1. Whenever it shall come to the knowledge of a chief of bureau Necessity for gen- eral repairs to be that the condition of any ship in commission, in respect to matters reported. under the bureau's cognizance, is such that the ship requires repairs or alterations, he shall report the fact to the Department with his rec- ommendation. 2. Captains of ships shall report to the Department without delay, whenever the condition of their ship is such as to require a general survey in one or more branches, and such report, with the opinion of the forwarding officer indorsed thereon, will be referred to the bureaus concerned for recommendation. 3. Whenever a ship which has been cruising outside the waters of the United States returns to a United States port, her captain shall, at the earliest possible moment, without waiting for special instructions to that effect, transmit to the Department a report of work required upon the ship. 4. The items of work under each bureau shall be stated in four classes: First, immediate repairs necessary for cruising efficiency, for the prevention of deterioration, or for sanitary considerations; second, further repairs which it is desirable to have made whenever the serv- ices of the ship can be spared for a sufficient length of time; third, necessary alterations; and, fourth, alterations desirable but not nec- essary. In each case the reason for asking for the work shall be stated. 5. The report shall not be delayed until arrival at a navy yard, but each captain shall transmit it as soon as he is aware that his ship will shortly return to the United States. 6. Whenever reports of needed repairs are sent from ships in the Pacific to the Department, or to any bureau, with or without drawings and specifications of work to be done, a duplicate of the report, with all the drawings and specifications, shall be forwarded by the same mail to the navy yard, Mare Island. 7. Captains shall be ready at all times to forward immediately, when called for, statements of work in all departments needed upon the ships under their command, or their equipage. Art. 1584. 1. Whenever special repairs of limited extent, but beyond the ca- Special repairs, pacity of the force on board, are required on a ship in commission within the limits of the United States but not lying at a navy yard, 387 388 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. the captain shall report the fact to the Department. The report, with the opinion of the forwarding officer indorsed thereon, shall be re- ferred to the bureau concerned for recommendation to the Depart- ment; and, if the circumstances make it expedient, the ship will be ordered to a navy yard, and the Department will direct the repairs to be made with or without a survey, as the case may require. 2. In cases of actual emergency, where a ship is lying at a yard, the commandant of the yard, or, in case of a ship not lying at a yard, the senior officer present, is authorized to make any repairs that the emer- gency requires, reporting immediately to the Department the steps taken and the reasons therefor. The reasons must be such as to show that an emergency existed. 3. The force of the ship shall be utilized in the work of repairs as far as possible, and the mechanics belonging to other ships present may be employed. Art. 1585. No repairs to be 1. Repairs of ships other than those mentioned in Art. 1584, para- thorized! 1 B " graphs 2 and 3, shall be confined to what has been specifically author- ized by the Department, with the understanding that such authoriza- tion carries with it authority to do whatever work is necessary to perform the Department's instructions. Those concerned in the direction of the work are expected to exercise a reasonable discretion; but no additions to or material variations from the prescribed items shall be made without authority from the Department. Under no circumstances, except those of justifiable emergency, shall alterations be made without such authority. 2. The bureaus shall keep in their files accurate drawings of every ship in the Navy, covering all parts under the bureau's cognizance. Copies of the drawings of iron and steel ships shall also be kept in the offices of heads of departments at all working yards, and every change made in the ships shall be filed at the bureau, and deposited at the corresponding office in the yards. Art. 1586. Supplementary 1. If it shall appear at any time after a survey has been made that r^p a*i rs "^""be material changes in the work or further repairs are necessary, the ayoided. officer to whose knowledge the fact shall come, whether an officer of the yard or captain of the ship, shall report without delay to the com- mandant, who shall in turn report through the bureau concerned to the Department. 2. The Department expects, however, that as soon as a ship is or- dered to a yard for repairs her captain shall have ready a report of all repairs necessary at that time, which have not been previously reported; and the commandant, in case of supplementary reports made thereafter of defects needing repair, shall require of the captain an explanation of the reason why such report was delayed, which report and explanation shall be forwarded to the Department with the com- mandant's comments thereon. PRESERVATION AND REPAIRS OF SHIPS. 389 Weekly reports Art. 1587. 1. From the date of the receipt of an order for repairs or an ap- proved survey, the commandant shall furnish a weekly tabular state- ment to the Department, made up to the close of the working day of Saturday, in whfch shall be stated: (1) A brief of the items of work directed, following the order in the report of survey; (2) the total number of days required for each by the original estimate; (8) prog- ress of work on each item expressed in tenths; (4) number of days necessary to complete; (5) necessary materials not yet required for; (6) materials required for by the storekeeper but not yet delivered. 2. Whenever articles for which requisition has been made are noted as not having been received, the commandant shall, before transmit- ting the report to the Department, cause the general storekeeper to append a statement as to whether such articles are in store, and if not, the dates upon which they are to be delivered, and the cause of delay of articles overdue. 3. When the word "completed" appears in the last column the item shall be omitted from subsequent reports. 4. The word " days " in this report means time actually consumed, or to be consumed, by such working force as is available for the work. 5. A copy of this statement shall be furnished every Monday to the captain of the ship. 6. Immediately upon the receipt of the weekly tabular statement the captain of the ship shall make a report to the commandant, to be forwarded by him to the Department, covering the same period, and containing statements as follows: (1) A brief of the items directed, in the order of the survey; (2) attention of men to their work; (3) quality of the work; (4) details of work accomplished; (5) remarks. Items marked " completed " shall be omitted from subsequent reports. The commandant in forwarding this report shall append any state ment relative thereto that he may desire to make. Art. 1588. 1. Heads of departments at a navy yard shall be directly responsible to the commandant of the yard, who will in turn be held to a rigid responsibility for the prompt and efficient execution of orders con- cerning repairs. 2. Repairs of ships in commission shall be regarded as urgent work, in which the utmost diligence is to be exacted of all concerned. Art. 1589. 1. All reports of required repairs transmitted by commandants to Estimates and the Department or to the bureaus shall be accompanied by an esti- ported, 008 mate of time and cost. 2. When all the repairs are completed, the commandant shall make a report to the Department of the total cost thereof, giving separately the amounts under each bureau under the heads of "labor" and " material ". Responsibility ran< 390 TJ. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. SECTION 2. REPAIRS IN GENERAL. Art. 1590. Economy in the 1. All repairs to hull, machinery, and outfit of ships, not requiring conduct of ship's , , , . , .. ,. ... , , ., wor i. the plant of ship or engine building establishments, shall, as far as possible, be made by the artisans of the ship or squadron. 2. A careful and systematic economy shall be observed in the pur- chase of material for repairs, and the allowance books strictly ad- hered to, except in cases of emergency, which shall be reported to the Department. Art. 1591. Overhauling and 1. Upon the arrival of a ship in port, the senior engineer shall report on P arrivai Insert. 8 to the captain, in writing, all work necessary for the proper care and preservation of the machinery and boilers, stating, separately, the work that can be postponed if necessary, and the work that can not, without injury, be delayed. The work shall be itemized, and against each item shall be set the time required and whether the work can be done by the force on board. 2. The captain shall thereupon require the senior engineer to make all needed repairs without delay. If, however, the service upon which a ship is engaged should not permit remaining in port long enough to perform all the work that may have been recommended in writing by the senior engineer, the captain must have that fact, and a statement of the work postponed, entered in the log and the steam log. Art. 1592. Repairs on mer- 1. The mechanics of ships of the Navy on foreign stations may re- fo^eign* water*. 8 m P air merchant vessels of the United States in cases where a refusal to do so would cause injurious delays or great increase of expenses. They shall receive for their services such compensation as their captain may regard as fair and equitable. 2. Assistance may be rendered, under similar circumstances and on similar terms, to foreign vessels, by permission of the senior officer. SECTION 3. CARE OP IRON AND STEEL SHIPS. Art. 1593. Permanent board 1. The captain of every iron or steel ship shall appoint a permanent to be appointed. board of two line officers and an engineer officer for the purpose of examining and reporting upon her condition, especially as regards corrosion at the water line, and of the under water exterior of the ship, including valves, propellers, rudder, and all other fittings each time they are accessible, Tihey shall also examine and report upon all parts of the top sides, inner hull and double bottoms, at some time during the quarter; the interval between two successive inspections to be not more than four months. The board shall also report upon the efficiency of all steam and hand pumps within the ship, requiring them to be tested both for draining the bilges and for fire purposes. PRESERVATION AND REPAIRS OF SHIPS. 391 2. Where practicable, the officers composing this board shall be other than those designated in the next paragraph as directly responsible for the care and preservation of the ship, but they shall be assisted by such other persons as may be necessary for the efficient performance of their duties. The reports of the board shall be forwarded to the Department, for the information of the Bureau of Construction and Repair. 3. The captain shall direct the executive officer and senior engineer to inspect or cause to be inspected, weekly, all compartments and double bottoms for which they are specially responsible. 4. He shall require to be kept on hand a sufficient quantity of cement, composition, and paint, such as is used on board to prevent corrosion. 5. The report by the permanent board shall include a statement as to the structural condition of all valves and ports in the under water outer hull, the rudders, propellers, shaft struts, and tubes, torpedo tubes, bilge keels, and other fittings; also the date of last cleaning and painting, the condition of the paint at the time, and the kind of paint or composition used in repainting. 6. The ship if not sheathed shall be docked, cleaned and painted at least once in six months when practicable. Under no circumstances shall more than nine months elapse without docking, except by au- thority of the Secretary of the Navy. Whenever the ship is docked the senior engineer shall examine all outboard valves in any way connected with the engineer department, also the propellers and shaf ttubes, and enter the result in the steam and ship's logs. The executive office shall examine all other outboard valves, and also the rudder and other under water fittings, and enter their condition in the ship's log. 7. The captain shall cause the following general directions and pre- General direc- cautions to be observed. ^ and precau ' I. The inspections and examinations provided for in the preceding paragraphs should be the means of detecting any places showing cor- rosion of a serious nature. When such places are discovered they must, at the first possible opportunity, be carefully scaled, dried, and again coated with anticorrosive material. II. The frequent recurrence of corrosion in any particular com- partment should be followed by special investigation to determine the cause and the best remedy possible. Unusual cases of this nature should be made the subject of a special report, giving a detailed state- ment of the extent and character of corrosion, of the remedies applied and, as far as discovered, the cause or causes. III. The surfaces of coal bunkers, being subject to excessive abra- sion, are liable to rapid corrosion if not thoroughly protected. As far as practicable, they should be cleaned and painted with brown oxide of iron or with red lead at least once a quarter. IV. The rubber gaskets of water-tight doors, manholes, hatches, air ports, etc., must be neither painted, greased, nor oiled; louvres, gauze 392 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. air screens, screw threads and zinc protectors on the bottom must not be painted. V. An iron or steel unsheathed ship must never be attached to the moorings or chains used for a sheathed ship, nor moored close along- side the latter. VI. Great care must be observed that no loose articles of copper or bronze, filings of the same, or rust scale, are allowed to rest on the bot- tom in immediate contact with the iron or steel, and that the leaden pipes, strainers, or such other parts in the bilges are kept in good condition. VII. Bronze screw propellers shall be coated with the same anti- corrosive paint or composition as the hull, and in the same manner. They must at all times, if possible, be cleaned of all marine growth, before starting on a voyage. Zinc protectors must be placed near them. VIII. Whitewash must never be applied to any of the iron or steel parts of the ship. IX. An incandescent electric lamp of high power, with a portable connection, should be used for examining the condition of double bottoms, the interiors of boilers, and other dark places. X. When about to examine, clean, or paint double bottoms, or boil- ers, the following cautionary measures must be adopted: a. They should be opened up and well ventilated, a connection be- ing made to a fan system if possible. 6. This done, the purity of the air should be tested before entering by burning a candle on the bottom at least five minutes. c. Working parties inside must always maintain communication with some one outside; they must also have with them a lighted can- dle, and withdraw should it begin to burn dimly. XI. The double bottoms of iron and steel ships may be utilized for carrying fresh water only upon occasions of emergency, when, in the captain's judgment, the circumstances justify it. "Under ordinary service conditions the double bottoms should be kept free from water. When fresh or salt water is admitted to the double bottom of a ship in commission, either purposely or accidentally, the captain shall, as soon as practicable, report the fact and the accompanying circumstan- ces to the Department. Art. 1594. Painting ship All iron or steel ships of the Navy shall be painted as follows: 1. Hull outside above load water line, and bulwarks inside, white. 2. Masts, bowsprits, doublings, smoke stacks, and all yards, regula- tion yellow. 3. The boats of all ships, except wherries, which may be left bright, shall be painted white outside. CHAPTER XXXII. QUARANTINE PILOTAGE. SECTION 1. QUARANTINE. Art. 1595. 1. Captains of ships shall, on entering a port, whether foreign or Quarantine reg- , , ., ulations to be domestic, comply strictly with all its regulations regarding quaran- always complied tine. with - 2. They shall, whether liable to quarantine or not, afford every Facilities for facility to health officers in making their visits, and give all the V fs1ts. ' information the latter may require. 8. Should doubt exist as to the regulations of a port, no communica- When doubt ex- tion shall be held with the shore, with boats, or with other ships, until t| n s e regulations* 11 " a sufficient time has elapsed to allow of the visit of the health officer. Art. 1596. 1. Should a ship of the Navy arrive in port with an infectious or Duty of captain contagious disease on board, or should such disease break out while disease exiats?' 10 " 8 lying in port, the captain shall hoist the quarantine flag, and prevent all communication liable to spread the disease elsewhere until pratique is received. 2. In order to check the spread of such disease on board ship, he shall arrange with the authorities of the port for the care and treat- ment of patients on shore, or on board a hulk. 3. If at sea in company with other ships, and an infectious or con- tagious disease exist or appear on board, he shall keep the quarantine flag flying as long as it lasts, and shall do all in his power to prevent its dissemination. Art. 1597. 1. In boarding vessels arriving, care shall be taken not to violate Caution in regard , , . ,. ., to boarding vessels. the rules of the port; and in case they are subject to quarantine the boarding officer shall, if possible, obtain the information required without going alongside. 2. Vessels at sea that come from a suspected port, or have any cases Boarding vessels of infectious or contagious disease on board, or do not have a clean bill of health, or are otherwise liable to quarantine, shall not be boarded, unless it be absolutely necessary, and the fact of such com- munication, when it occurs, shall be reported on arrival in port to the health officer. 3. No concealment shall be made of any circumstances that may , No concealment, ' of facts allowed. subject a ship of the JNavy to quarantine. 393 394 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. SECTION 2. PILOTAGE. Art. 1598. Employment of i. Captains may employ pilots whenever in their judgment such employment is necessary. If a pilot is employed, the reason therefor shall be reported to the Department. 2. When pilots are employed, they shall not be called on board un- til the ship is ready to proceed to sea; nor, when coming from sea, shall they be kept on board after the ship has reached her destination. licensed pilots to 3. Preference should be given to licensed pilots and they must not be employed. , . , , . . be paid more than local rates. Coast pilots. 4. Coast pilots shall not be employed except by special authority from the Navy Department, and when employed are not to be paid local pilotage. CHAPTEE XXXIIL TRANSPORT SERVICE. Art. 1599. General officers of the Army, when ordered to take passage in a Apartments of ship of the Navy, will live with the commander in chief, if one is ''* embarked in the same ship; otherwise, general officers and all field 8hl P of the Navy. officers by commission will live in the apartments of the captain. Other commissioned officers of the Army will live with the ward- room officers, but without interfering with the sleeping apartments of the officers of the ship. Art. 1600. When officers of the Army are embarked with troops in a ship Apartments and commanded and officered by officers of the Navy, the latter shall "rTta occupy the apartments allotted to them, and separate accommoda- ln a tran8 P or t- tions shall be provided for the use of the officers of the Army and those under their command. The officers of the Army shall mess together, and not with the officers of the Navy, unless otherwise agreed upon with the sanction of the captain of the ship and com- manding officer of the troops. Art. 1601. 1. When any land troops, regular or volunteer, are embarked in a Troops on board ship of the Navy for duty therein, they shall, until detached, be sub- duty,' s 8 ubj^ct f to ject to the laws for the government of the Navy, and to the regula- relation and tions of the ships, in the same manner as marines. 2. Whenever such troops shall be embarked for transport only, Troops for pas- they shall be subject to the laws for the government of the Army Jo g trno- y i-i" bJ biit instead of those for the Navy, but shall, nevertheless, be subject to mus t conform to , , ., ... , .. ,. , re j 1.-1 regulations of the and obey the regulations of the ship; and any offender may, while ship. on board, be confined by the captain of the ship. Art. 1602. The captain of the ship shall have full power, on his own authority, Offenders may be to order an offender, whether officer or soldier, to be placed in either ^^ o^mmtary naval or military custody as he shall consider most desirable: but in custody. all cases where an offender is to be disembarked for trial by military authority, he shall be placed in military custody on board the ship. Art. 1603. No Army court-martial shall be held on board of any ship in the Army conrt-mar- Navy in commission, nor shall officers in charge of troops embarked tial , not j be , helt i * on board a ship of order any public punishment or confinement in irons to be inflicted the Navy. on board, without the previous approval of the captain of the ship. 395 396 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1604. Orders to troops All orders to troops when embarked, shall, as far as practicable, be tobeeiven through ,,,. /** * -i their own officers, given through their own omcers and noncommissioned officers, and the captain of the ship shall bear in mind that although the discipline of all on board is under his entire control, he is nevertheless to leave the troops to the management of their own officers so far as may be consistent with the order and discipline of the ship. Art. 1605. Comfort and wei roops ' 1. In matters connected with the comfort and welfare of the troops embarked, the captain will give due weight to representations from the Army medical officer in charge, conveyed to him by or through the commanding officer of the troops. Troops unaccom- 2. "When troops are embarked, unaccompanied by a medical officer, n a medi ' the captain of the ship will direct the senior naval medical officer to give them such professional attention as may be required. CHAPTEE XXXIY. CORRESPONDENCE. Art. 1606. Letter paper only shall be used for official correspondence in the Official paper. Navy Department and the naval service. It is to be 7% inches by 10 inches in size; the whole sheets to have fifteen lines on the first page, nineteen lines on the second and third, and the fourth to be blank; the single sheets to have fifteen on one page, and the other to be blank. A margin of three-quarters of an inch is to be left on each side of the ruling. Art. 1607. 1. Letters shall be folded twice. The upper fold of the letter indorsement*, (which is the back of its heading) shall be indorsed as follows, leav- a space of one inch at the top for the stamp of the receiving office: 1. The name of the ship, station or place where written, and the date; II. The name of the writer (surname to the left) and his rank and official designation; III. A brief statement of the subject of the letter; IV. The number of inclosures, if there be any. 2. Single sheets shall be used for letters that can be finished on s no rt letters. one page. 3. Communications must be written in a legible hand, in concise Erasures and in- terms, and without erasures or interlineations. terimeatwns. 4. Signatures must be distinctly legible, and the writer shall add signature, his rank or rating. 5. The address of the officer or other person to whom a letter is Address, written shall be placed at the end, and not at the beginning of the letter. 6. In communications dated on board a ship at sea, the latitude and Date, longitude shall be stated. 7. In acknowledging, answering, or referring to communications Reference to let- from the Navy Department, its bureaus or offices, the file number ters received - and date shall be given and a brief reference made to the subject. 8. Inclosures shall be numbered and referred to by their numbers, inclosures. 9. Separate letters shall be written on separate subjects, unless the Separate snb- subjects are of like nature. 10. Each paragraph shall be numbered. Paragraph nnm- 11. Officers commanding squadrons or stations, and other officers "serial numbers, having a regular correspondence with the Navy Department, shall number their letters; a new series beginning with each year. 397 398 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Letters of trans- 12. Returns, requisitions, vouchers, and reports on prescribed forms, which are complete in themselves and properly authenticated, and which do not require special explanation, shall not be accom- panied by letters of advice or transmittal. Communications 13. All official communications for the Navy Department from ships from ships in com- . .. ,,, , . , , . ., c, -i -.-r mission. in commission shall be addressed to the Secretary of the Navy, with the name of the bureau or office to which the subject matter pertains in the lower left-hand corner of the envelope. Any communication received by a bureau containing information, a knowledge of which is necessary or desirable to any other bureau or to the Secretary's office, shall be immediately referred accordingly. Forwarding stamp. 14. In forwarding letters, the forwarding stamp and indorsement of the superior officer shall be on the back and not on the face. Officials to be 15 All official communications intended for officers holding posi- addressed by title only. tions with recognized titles shall be addressed to them by title and not by name, as, "The Secretary of the Navy", "The Chief of Bureau of Navigation", "The Commandant", "The Commanding Officer". Officers commanding squadrons shall be addressed as "Commander in Chief, TJ. S. Naval Force, station ". informalities. 16. Officers shall not sign or forward informal communications, or such as are not prepared in accordance with these instructions. Art. 1608. Official channels. 1. Every person in the Navy making an official communication of any kind to any superior authority, other than his immediate com- manding officer, shall send the same unsealed to his commanding officer, to be by him remarked upon and forwarded. No written communication shall be received as official which is not forwarded through the prescribed channels, and with the indorsements of the officers through whom forwarded. Returns, requiri- 2. All periodical returns and requisitions, except such only as tions and youchers. afe requ i re( j to b e transmitted by pay officers to the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury, and all papers requiring the action of the com- mander in chief, shall be forwarded by captains to the chief of staff. The latter shall, if necessary, refer them to the officers of the fleet staff, who shall return them to the chief of staff for transmission by him to the commander in chief, with such remarks as he or they may deem appropriate. Detached ships. 3. When ships of a fleet or squadron are separated from the com- mander in chief, all periodical returns and, if information would otherwise be delayed, all reports, shall be sent directly to the Depart- ment through the senior officer present. Copies of reports shall be sent to the commander in chief. Ships at navy 4. When a ship attached to a fleet or squadron is at a navy yard, all required fleet or squadron reports shall be made directly to the com- mander in chief. I. Correspondence in regard to all matters connected with the navy yard shall be direct with the commandant of the yard. CORRESPONDENCE. 399 II. Correspondence with the Navy Department in matters con- nected with the navy yard shall be through the commandant; on all other subjects through the commander in chief of the fleet or squadron, except when, owing to his absence, it would occasion undue delay, in which case it shall be through the commandant. III. Captains of ships shall inform the commander in chief when- ever, owing to urgency and to his remoteness, correspondence which would ordinarily pass through him is transmitted direct. 5. When a ship not attached to a fleet or squadron is alone, the Unattached ships. captain shall communicate directly with the Department; if not alone, through the senior officer present. Art. 1609. 1. All officers through whom communications from subordinates Forwarding com- are sent for transmittal to higher authority shall forward the same, if in proper form and language, as soon after their receipt as practic- able, and shall invariably state their opinions in writing, by indorse- ment or otherwise, in relation to every subject presented for decision. 2. The term "forwarded" by itself shall be affixed only to such Papers requiring , . i , i . -. no official action. papers as require no action by the superior to whom addressed, and they may be transmitted under the indorsement of an officer of the personal staff, by direction of the commander in chief, the comman- dant, or the senior officer present. 3. All communications to the Navy Department, or other superior Corresponden c e .. , ,. , ,~ . ,, . . of commanding authority, relating to the efficiency or the requirements of a command, officers. shall be signed by the commanding officer. 4. Official correspondence between subordinate officers at navy Correspondence ... . ,. i_.jj between subordi- yards or stations is forbidden. nates- 5. Captains of ships shall conduct all correspondence with their Correspondence commander in chief or with the Navy Department upon all matters of detail relating to their command. Letters of heads of depart- ments of the ship upon such subjects shall be addressed to the cap- tain. The latter may forward the original with a proper indorsement, keeping a copy of both letter and indorsement, or write a separate letter, as he may deem best. 6. All official letters addressed to subordinates on board ship shall Letters addressed , , , . . to subordinates. be forwarded through the captain. 7. All the official communications from the Navy Department Communications dealing with any matter of ship's duty will be addressed to the cap- Department N * Vy tain. He shall forward a copy of the letter to the head of the department concerned, or cause its contents to be noted by him. In the latter case, an indorsement to the effect " contents noted " or "contents copied" shall be made by such officer. 8. All communications, orders, bills, requisitions, and papers which Signature of for- by law or regulation are to be signed, approved, or forwarded by the w commanding officer of any ship, navy yard, or station, must be actually signed by such officer; and in his absence, by the line officer next in rank and temporarily in command. 400 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Signatures of of- 9. No officer left in command during the temporary absence of a in command.' commander in chief or of a commandant of a station shall allow him- self to be addressed by either of those titles, nor shall he subscribe himself otherwise than by the use of the words " commanding", or as " senior officer present ", as the case may be, after the title of his rank. Duplicates of im- 10. Flag officers and others on foreign service shall forward to the be^nt. ** Navy Department by different conveyances, duplicates, and, if neces- sary, triplicates of all important letters, stating at the top of each copy, in red ink, when and by what conveyance the original was sent. Translations. H. Whenever letters or documents in foreign languages are trans- mitted, they shall be accompanied, if possible, by translations. Communication 12. All official correspondence between the Navy Department and tive Departments? its bureaus or officers with other Executive Departments, excepting in the case of officers serving temporarily under such departments, and excepting also correspondence in relation to accounts, pensions, or records of service, will be conducted by the Secretary of the Navy. 13. Commandants of navy yards and stations will correspond di- rectly with the bureaus of the Navy Department concerning the work of yards and stations. All correspondence from the bureaus relative to matters under the cognizance of a commandant of a yard or station shall be addressed to the commandant. Heads of depart- ments in the yard shall address their letters to the commandant, who will either write a letter on the subject to the bureau concerned, or forward the letter of the head of department with such remarks as he may desire to make. Questions to be 14. Any official appeal from an order or decision of the Navy President! to the Department by an officer should be addressed to the President as the common superior, and be forwarded through the Department, except in case of refusal or failure to forward, when it may be addressed directly. Art. 1610. Mailing regula- 1. In the transmission within the United States of official mail matter free of postage, the following rules shall be observed: I. Officers of the Navy and Marine Corps may send official mail matter between themselves, or to any of the Executive Departments, by using the penalty envelopes. II. Official mail matter may be transmitted under cover of the penalty envelope by officers of the Government to private individuals. III. The penalty envelope may be inclosed with return address by Government officers to private individuals for use in furnishing in- formation in reply to official communications. IV. The penalty envelope shall bear on its face the words " Official business ", with the name of the department, as well as of the bureau office, ship, or station from which it is sent, and in the upper right- hand corner a statement of the penalty imposed by law for its misuse. V. The indorsements required on the penalty envelope may be printed, stamped, or written. CORRESPONDENCE. 401 2. Official mail matter addressed to foreign countries must be pre- stamps on mail paid with postage stamps at the ordinary rates. Art. 1611. The receipt of all communications, except acknowledgments or Acknowledgment other communications requiring neither action nor reply, from the tk>na? mmunic *" Secretary of the Navy or from any other superior authority shall be immediately acknowledged. Art. 1612. Orders and notices of a general or circular character, except such as are issued by commandants of shore stations, or commanders in chief or commanding officers afloat, to take effect within the limits of their respective commands, will be confined to the following pre- scribed series, each issue of which shall bear a number, the numbers of each series to be consecutive: 1. General orders. 2. General court-martial orders. 3. Special orders. 4. TJ. S. Navy regulation circulars. 5. Circulars. 6. Special circulars. Art. 1613. 1. General orders shall include orders of a military character ad- dressed to the naval service generally, including ceremonial orders, and commendations of persons in the service. 2. General court-martial orders shall include court-martial orders embodying the action of the revising authority. 3. Special orders are orders to a portion only of the naval service. 4. United States Navy regulation circulars are supplements or amendments to the regulations. 5. Circulars are notices addressed to the naval service generally, not included in paragraphs 1 and 4, such as are published for infor- mation. The publications of statutes and opinions of the Attorney General will be made under this head. 6. Special circulars are notices addressed only to portions of the naval service, or to officers or employes attached to the Department. Art. 1614. 1. All general and circular orders and notices, except such as are Circulars and issued by commandants of shore stations, or commanders in chief or K 6061 "* 1 orders - commanding officers afloat, to take effect within the limits of their respective commands, shall be issued from the Secretary's office. After signature by the Secretary they shall be printed, and distribu- tion of the printed copies shall be made by the Bureau of Navigation to commanding officers afloat for all officers under their command, and to commandants of shore stations for all officers borne on the books of the pay officer of the station. 1344826 402 TJ. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 2. Commanding officers afloat and ashore, receiving a package of such orders or circulars, shall acknowledge the receipt thereof to the Bureau of Navigation, and shall be responsible for their proper distri- bution as above stated. 3. Whenever the issue of a general order, circular, regulation, or general notice, or of any manual of instructions, routine, or drill, is required by the business of any bureau, it shall be the duty of such bureau to bring the matter to the attention of the Department, at the same time submitting a draft of the order, regulation, notice, or instruction proposed. 4. The above rules shall not apply to hydrographic notices, notices to mariners, pilot or other charts, or sailing directions, which shall be issued by the hydrographic office. Art. 1615. Absence of chief i n the actual absence of the chief of a bureau, the communications, of bureau. , .... .... > j * i_ j ,_ , . orders, bills, requisitions, and papers required to be signed by him shall be signed by the acting chief of such bureau, if one shall have been specially appointed by the President; but, if none such shall have been appointed, then by the assistant; or, if there be none, then by the chief clerk of such bureau. Art. 1616. letters to bu- Communications relating solely to subjects with which a bureau is intrusted, except from ships in commission shall be addressed to the chief of that bureau. Art. 1617. information Copies of orders and instructions issued by a commander in chief !n chief mmander8 afloat > and of a11 nis official correspondence of public interest, shall be sent to the Navy Department. Art. 1618. Copies of orders Whenever it becomes necessary for a commander in chief, the com- mandant of a station, a senior officer present, or the captain of a ship on detached service to issue an order involving travel, or an order transferring an officer from one ship or duty to another, a copy of such order shall be forwarded immediately to the Bureau of Navagi- tion by the officer issuing it. Art. 1619. Preservation of Officers shall enter in proper books copies of all official letters sent, correspondence. an( j gj e an( j p reserve a n official documents received. The date of re- ceipt and acknowledgment of every document shall be written on its face. Art. 1620. Permanent rec- 1. Letter books containing copies of all orders given and official encl f COrreSP nd " letters written, and the original of all letters received on public serv- ice at each navy yard and shore station, by the commanding officer, shall be kept at such yard or station and preserved. Commanding officers may take copies of all orders or letters sent or received. CORRESPONDENCE. 403 2. The official records of all boards or temporary offices, and of all Completed rec- ords to be sent to ships in commission shall, when completed, be forwarded to the Department. "Navy Department. Art. 1621. Reports from the executive and other subordinate officers, or from Keports of subor- dinates after battle. any other person, made to the commanding officer of a ship after a battle, or any important service, shall be forwarded to the Navy De- partment, and the commanding officer shall retain copies. t Art. 1622. Officers required to make periodical returns and reports must keep Returns. themselves supplied with the necessary blanks by application to the proper bureau or officer. In the absence of printed forms, they shall prepare the required returns in manuscript. Art. 1623. 1. Every arrival and departure of every ship in commission, as well Official telegrams. as any other information which the Department should possess without delay, shall be promptly reported by telegraph direct to the Secretary of the Navy; and, in case of separation from a commander in chief, such telegraphic report shall be in addition to a telegram advising the commander in chief. 2. Telegrams sent at Government expense shall be as brief as possi- Economy in the ,. v- m , .. i . use of telegraph. ble and free from unnecessary verbiage. The telegraph shall not be used when communication by mail would answer the purpose. 3. Cable messages to the Department shall be reduced to the lowest Cable messages. clearly intelligible limits, addressed to " Secnav., Washington ", and signed with surname, only, of the sender. The arrival of a ship of the Navy at any foreign port may be reported by telegraphing her name alone, signed by the surname of the captain, which will be under- stood to convey the additional information that all are well on board. 4. Officers shall indorse upon official telegrams sent by them within Telegrams. the United States the words " official business ", and shall report any charge made in excess of the rates established by the Postmaster General for the current fiscal year. 5. All telegrams by cable or otherwise from officers in command Confirmation ot afloat shall be immediately confirmed by letter, quoting the text of tele s rams - the message and giving such additional information in relation to the subject as may be deemed essential. 6. Telegrams strictly personal, or for the convenience or in the in- Private tele- terest of the sender, shall not be transmitted at Government expense. Art. 1624. 1. The employment of the general formula, " By direction of the ,, The . formula, Secretary of the Navy ", upon orders or communications, will be dis- the%wretar^". f continued, except by the Judge Advocate General and the chief clerk 404 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. of the Department. When it becomes necessary in giving an order or making a communication to refer to the direction of the Secretary, the reference shall be to a specific authorization. 2. Commanders in chief, commandants of navy yards and senior officers present shall themselves sign all orders issued by their authority. CHAPTER XXXT. LEAVE OF ABSENCE AND LIBERTY. Art. 1625. Permission to leave the United States will be granted only by the Permission to ... *_ leaTe the United Secretary of the Navy. states. Art. 1626. The commander in chief of a squadron within the United States, or Officers in chief the commandant of a navy yard or station, shall not absent himself thun^ states? 1 from his command for a longer period than one week in any succes- sive two months, except by permission of the Secretary of the Navy. Art. 1627. The commandant of a station or the senior officer present may grant Leave of absence , , ,. , . , , .^ from commandants leave of absence, not- exceeding one week, provided it can be done and senior officers, without injury to the service; but leave to go beyond the limits of the port or station shall not be granted to any person attached to a ship under sailing orders. Art. 1628. 1. No commanding officer of a ship, squadron, or naval station shall Leave on account of sickness. grant permission to any person under his command to leave his station, or to return from abroad to the United States, on account of ill health, except upon the recommendation of a board of medical survey. 2. Requests for leave or for detachment on account of ill health, when forwarded to the Navy Department, must be accompanied by the report of a medical survey. 3. Officers on sick leave in consequence of medical survey shall report the state of their health to the Department every fifteen days. 4. When an officer not on duty applies for leave or for an extension of leave, on account of ill health, a medical board of survey shall be held, if practicable, and a report made to the Department; or, if that be impracticable, he shall forward the certificate of a reputable phy- sician, stating that he is unable to perform duty, the nature of the disease, and its probable duration. Art. 1629. Temporary leave may be granted by the captain, except in the fol- Temporary leave , . for officers and lowing cases: crew . 1. Upon arriving in a port where his senior is in command, or at a naval station whose commandant is his senior. Leave shall not be granted in these cases until permission to grant leave has been given by such senior. 405 406 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 2. In the presence of a superior leave for more than twenty-four hours may only be granted by that superior. 3. In foreign ports, until the permission of the health authorities shall have been obtained. 4. Not more than one-half of the officers and crew shall be granted leave at the same time ; and liberty parties shall be so selected as to leave on board an organized force that will be effective for any emergency. 5. The executive officer and the line officer next in rank present for duty shall not be out of the ship at the same time except on duty, or under special circumstances by the captain's previous permission. If there are only two line officers attached to a ship, one must always be on board. 6. When there are two or more medical, pay, engineer, or marine officers attached to a ship, one must always be on board ready for duty, except under special circumstances by the captain's previous permission. Art. 1630. Officer senior in Officers senior in relative rank to the executive officer are not re- relative rank to ex- a *.-*. i f i_- A i ^.i. v. ecuiive. quired to obtain permission from him to leave the ship, nor to report to him their proposed departure from or their return to the ship, when the captain is on board. Art. 1631. Commanding of- i. Leave of absence or liberty shall not be granted to enlisted men fleers only can ,. . ^i. u grant liberty. by any other than the commanding officer of the ship. Men in debt not 2. He shall not grant leave to enlisted men who are in debt to the erty. Government, except as provided in Art. 901; and in no case, unless the full amount of such indebtedness be deposited with the pay offi- cer as security for their return. CHAPTEE XXXYI. SHORE STATIONS. SECTION 1. GENERAL ADMINISTRATION. Art. 1632. 1. The commandant of a navy yard, shall, under the direction of the General duties of , , -vr ,. . , , commandants of Secretary of the Navy, exercise entire control over every department na vy yards. in the yard, and will be held responsible for the preservation of all buildings and stores contained therein, of all vessels in ordinary or repairing, and for the judicious application of all labor. 2. He shall see that all officers and others under his command, and To require du- all employe's, perform their duty faithfully and efficiently, and that SraeY 1 * 1 ^ all returns and reports are made in the time and manner prescribed. 3. No materials of any kind shall be diverted from their original Not to allow im- use, except for proper and public purposes, nor shall any mechanic ormateriai? f * or other employe" do any work during working hours except for such purposes. The commandant will see to the enforcement of this rule. 4. He shall not make any alterations in the prescribed assignment of Not to make al- buildings of the yard, or permit the purchase of stores or the sale of orTe'iTorbu^wUh^ any articles, scraps, or chips, condemned or otherwise, unless author- out authorit y- ized by the Department. 5. He shall approve all pay rolls and bills for supplies furnished, TO approve pay after satisfying himself of their correctness and of the fairness of rc prices charged. 6. He shall report promptly to the Department by telegraph the departure and arrival of all ships of the Navy. 7. He shall impress upon all mechanics and other employe's that To w ar n employes conformity to the established regulations of the yard is a condition of regulations. 8 * 1 ' their continuance in employment. 8. He shall keep posted for at least three months in a conspicuous TO post general place a copy of every general order and circular received. 9. He shall make to the Secretary of the Navy reports on the fit- To report on fit- , , -__ ness of officers. ness of officers as required by Art. 237. Art. 1633. 1. He shall establish regulations to guard against accidents from Fire regulations. fire in the ships and buildings within the yards. 2. Lights and fires on board ships permanently at the yard shall be Lights and fires, extinguished at the same hours as on board ships in commission. 3. Smoking shall not be allowed in the yard outside of the officers' smoking, quarters, except by the commandant's special permission. 407 408 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Fire department. 4. The fire department shall be organized for day and night work under the commandant's direction, and its condition reported to him daily. The fire organizations shall be exercised at least once every month, both by day and night, and all absentees reported to the commandant. Where the organization is not deemed sufficient to control a fire in the yard, either by day or by night, the commandant shall make such arrangements with the local municipal authorities as will insure a prompt response to any call for aid. Fire alarm. 5. The alarm of fire shall be given by ringing the yard and ship's bells and firing a gun. The fire alarm may be sounded for a fire in the immediate vicinity of the yard by direction of the commandant. Fires outside the g. When deemed advisable, the engines and other apparatus may be sent to fires near the yard, but they shall be kept under command of their own officers. Art. 1634. Precautionstobe 1. The gates shall be closed at sunset and no strangers shall be ad- mitted after that time, unless they come to visit officers in the yard or persons on board ships lying thereat. The countersign 2. The watchword for the night and the countersign shall be issued and watchword. , . , , . only to such persons as the commandant may direct. Art. 1635. Equipment of When a ship is ordered to be fitted out for service at a navy yard, charge ^f "com" ^ e fitting out shall be under the direction of the commandant, in inandaut. conformity with general regulations and established allowances. Art. 1636. Accounts to be When the commandant is directed to build, fit out, or repair any every ^hip^n'e'w ship, or to construct any buildiHg, or to make any improvement at a building, or im- yard, he shall direct an account to be opened against such ship, build- provement. ing, or improvement, debiting it with the cost of the labor and of the different materials used, detailed reports of which shall be forwarded to the proper bureau when the objects are completed. Art. 1637. No alterations to ]Sfo alterations shall be made in the hull, boilers, machinery, or the be made in ships or . . , , . their equipment, dimensions or arrangements of masts, boats, or other equipments of except. any gj^p w kich ma y tie ordered for repairs or equipment, without the previous sanction of the Department; but if, in the commandant's opinion, any change can be made to improve the qualities of a ship, or increase the accommodations of her crew, he shall report the same to the proper bureau, giving his reasons for recommending alterations and forwarding estimates of the probable increase of expense. Art. 1638. Precautions in 1. When ships are being built or refitted for service at a navy yard, ing s]Sps T r " the chips, shavings, filings, and dirt shall be cleaned out frequently, SHORE STATIONS. 409 and particular care shall be taken that all foreign matter is removed and the parts thoroughly cleaned before the application of any paint or cement. 2. Proper scuttles and manholes shall be so arranged that easy access Access to bilges, may be had to all parts of the double bottom and to the spaces below the fire room, magazine, and other floors; and the commandant shall require these and all compartments and other spaces where dirt, shavings, or filings can accumulate, to be thoroughly examined and carefully cleaned. 8. The provisions of this article shall be carried out whenever a ship Ships to i>e thor- is being prepared for commission; and the commandant shall appoint and inspected "be- a board to consist of the captain of the yard, a medical officer, a naval fore commission, constructor, and a chief engineer, who shall, before the ship is turned over to her captain, make a careful personal examination and inspec- tion of every part of her interior and especially of the double bottom, and of every compartment, the spaces below the fire room, magazine, chain lockers, holds, and water tanks, and the shaft alleys, and shall see that such spaces are free from all foreign matter and are properly protected with cement or paint; and the board shall report in detail the result of their inspection and that the ship is ready to receive her outfit and stores. 4. When the ship is ready for her officers and crew, and before she Captain of ship is commissioned, the commandant shall furnish the officer ordered to with 6 co"py n of re- command with a copy of the above report of inspection. P rt - 5. The captain shall be furnished with all the plans necessary to a Plans to be fur- complete understanding of all parts of the ship and her more im- ships. Capta ' portant fittings. Art. 1639. 1. Ships of the Navy in commission at a navy yard for any purpose Ships in commis- shall, from arrival until departure, be under the command of the com- sx ' mandant. 2. Ships in waters adjacent to a navy yard, but not within signal distance, are not under the command of the commandant of the yard, unless so placed by a special order of the Navy Department. 3. The commandant shall limit the exercise of command over a ship attached to a fleet or squadron, temporarily under his control, to mat- ters pertaining to the service for which the ship is at the yard, and to the enforcement of the police and fire regulations of the station. 4. Ships attached permanently to the yard either as receiving ships or otherwise, shall be in all respects subject to the control of the com- mandant. 5. A commander in chief shall, when practicable, shift his flag to some other ship of his command before sending a flagship to a navy yard. 6. A commander in chief may, if necessary for temporary service in other ships of his command, detach officers and men, not exceeding 410 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. one-half of the complement present, from a ship of his squadron at a navy yard; and such orders for transfer or detachment shall be sent through the commandant of the yard. 7. When officers attached to ships in commission at a navy yard are required for service on courts or boards at the yard, or on board of other ships, they shall be detailed by the senior officer or officers present in command of such ships, upon the requisition of the com- mandant. Art. 1640. Ships in commis. - 1. No ship in commission shall be repaired at a navy yard except sion under repair. ., , . + . ., .._ , .,_. as provided in Arts. 1400, 1583, and 1584. The commandant shall, in addition to the weekly reports to the De- partment required by Art. 1587, report to the Bureau of Construction the time when a ship is received for repairs, the time when her re- pairs are begun, and the time when the repairs are completed. 3. When a ship in commission is about to receive extensive repairs, her officers and crew may, if the commandant deems it necessary, be removed to some other ship or quarters until the repairs are com- pleted; and in such cases the ship or quarters, and everything be- longing to them, shall be kept in good order by the persons using them. Art. 1641. Ships about to 1. When a ship is transferred to the commandant of a yard at the go^out of commis- exp j rat i on o f a cru i se , he shall have all the supplies and outfit in the several departments delivered into the charge of the proper officers and duly surveyed, using every precaution to prevent losses in the transfer from the ship to the storehouses, and he shall require of- ficers in charge of supplies to superintend their removal. 2. The orders detaching the officers shall not be delivered until the supplies and equipment have all been landed, the crew transferred or paid off, the ship ready to be turned over to the yard, and all regulations fully complied with. Art. 1642. Captains of ships The commandant shall require the captain of a ship placed in his dencies! charge for repairs or equipment to point out any defects or deficien- Crew to be utii- cies ne ma y discover, and he shall require the officers and crew to ized in equipping. s t O re, equip, move, and secure such vessel, and to prepare her equip- ment whenever it can be done to advantage. Art. 1643. Moving and 1. Moving and mooring ships shall be done only by the order of the 8 at * commandant, and under the direction of the captain of the yard. 2. When a ship is moved for repairs the expense of the labor for moving shall be paid by that department which requires the ship to be moved. SHORE STATIONS. 411 Art. 1644. 1. When docking a ship in commission, the commanding officer shall Docking and un- have immediate charge until the bow of the ship reaches the dock sill and the vessel is fairly pointed for going into dock. The naval constructor or his assistant shall then take charge and complete the docking of the ship, being assisted as far as possible by those on board ship. In undocking, the naval constructor shall have charge until the bow of the ship clears the dock sill, when he shall turn the ship over to the commanding officer. 2. The captain of the yard shall furnish tugs and such other assist- ance as may be needed in handling the ship. 3. In docking or undocking ships not in commission, the same rules shall be observed, except that the captain of the yard or his assistant shall have immediate charge of the vessel to be docked. 4. While in dock, the captain of the ship, if she be in commission, shall be responsible for the proper closing over night of all openings in the ship's bottom upon which no work is being done. The naval constructor and chief engineer of the yard shall be responsible for the closing, before the end of working hours, of all valves and openings upon which work is being done in their respective departments, when such closing is practicable. In the case of ships in dock not in commission, the naval con- structor and chief engineer of the yard shall be responsible for the proper closing of all openings in the bottom of ship within their re- spective departments. In all cases where practicable such openings shall be closed before the workmen leave the yard for the night. 5. In all cases the naval constructor shall notify the commanding officer before letting in water preparatory to undocking the ship, and before having the dock valves opened must receive a report from the commanding officer that all sea valves or other openings in the bottom of the ship are properly closed. 6. In the case of ships not in commission the same precautions shall be observed, except that the chief engineer of the yard shall be notified when a ship is to be undocked and shall report to the naval constructor when all valves or other bottom openings in his depart- ment of the ship have been closed, and shall have men stationed at such valves while the ship is going out of dock. The naval con- structor shall cause all other sea valves or openings to be carefully closed and men stationed at them until the ship has been floated out of dock. 7. In docking ships, the naval constructor or his assistant must re- main in charge until the ship has been properly landed and bilge blocks hauled. 8. While in dry dock the commanding officer of the ship shall see that no refuse or garbage from the ship is placed in the dock. 412 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1645. Crew to aid in In making repairs to, or doing other work on, ships in commission, abiK W C tne services of the crew shall be utilized as far as practicable. Art. 1646. Passes. 1. Ships in commission and heads of departments of navy yards shall be provided with uniform pass books in which each pass shall have a stub. Passes and stubs shall be numbered consecutively, and the book with stub shall be preserved as a part of the official record of the ship or department. 2. They shall also be provided with seals. A ship's seal shall bear the name of the ship, and navy yard department seals shall be char- acteristic of the bureaus they represent. 3. In order that the following system of passes may be rigorously observed, the officer of the guard shall be provided with a perforating stamp, which shall indicate " date and gate ; " this stamp on a pass shall constitute his vise". It shall be his duty to acquaint himself thoroughly with the signatures of the heads of departments, officers of the yard, and executive officers of ships. 4. Public property of any character must be accompanied by a pub- lic pass. This pass must bear the signature of the head of the depart- ment to which the property belongs, or of one of the commissioned officers attached thereto; also, its official seal. No other person will give a public pass. The pass must be presented to the officer of the guard on duty for his vis6, before the articles named therein can be passed through any gate of the yard or over its water front. It shall be the duty of the noncommissioned officer, or watchman, at the place of exit to examine the vis6 as to the correctness of date; he shall then compare the pass with the load to check the number of packages or articles, and, if correct, he shall indorse the pass ac- cordingly, adding his signature to the indorsement, and the load shall be permitted to pass. 5. The passes deposited in the officer of the guard's office shall be transmitted daily by him to the captain of the yard, at the beginning of office hours on the day following their receipt. It shall be the duty of the captain of the yard to scrutinize the passes as to the ob- servance of the foregoing details, and, if correct, to send them to the offices from which they originated. In these offices they shall be compared with their respective stubs, and filed for future reference. All irregularities shall be reported at once to the commandant. The stub and pass shall bear, for purposes of identification, a reference to the proper inspection report, in the case of rejected supplies, or to the bill of lading or other record of shipment, in the case of ship- ments. 6. Private property of officers at the yard, not accompanied by an officer himself or a member of his family, must be exhibited as such on a private pass, which will be signed by the officer. All private SHORE STATIONS. 413 passes shall be on uniform blanks, printed on white paper, and issued as requested by the captain of the yard. Public passes shall be on blue paper. 7. Private property from ships in commission at navy yards must be accompanied by a pass signed by the executive officer or officer of the deck, and stamped with the seal of the ship. These passes shall be returned to the ship for comparison with the stub, and filed for reference. 8. Signing passes in blank is positively prohibited. Every pass must state the exact number of packages covered thereby. Every public pass must state also the contents of the packages. Art. 1647. Commanding officers of shore stations, other than working yards, Commanding of- on7 "other navy yards. shall be governed by the provisions of this chapter so far as applicable. on7 "other'ttlan SECTION 2. CAPTAIN OF YABD. Art. 1648. 1. There shall be attached to each navy yard a captain of the yard General duties of who shall be the aid or executive of the commandant. In the absence ca P tem of y ftrd - of the commandant he shall act in his stead. 2. He is the representative at the yard of the Bureau of Yards Represents bu- and Docks, and where there is no civil engineer he shall be charged B of yards and with the special duties of the latter. 3. He shall have direct charge of the police and the enforcement Detailed duties of police regulations; of the fire department, yard tugs, landings, ^ s r yards and and all means of transportation, including locomotive engines, horses, and ox teams; and of the teamsters, stable men, and all employes on the rolls for clearing up and cleaning the yard. 4. He shall have control of the fires and lights in the workshops, Fires and lights and shall satisfy himself after working hours that there is no danger m worksh P s - from fire during the night. 5. He shall inspect and report to the commandant daily the condi- inspection of fire tion of the engines and all apparatus for subduing fires, informing de P artment - him at once of any deficiencies; and shall at least once a month report in writing their actual condition. 6. He shall have charge of the walks and grounds and of moving Executive duties. and mooring vessels; shall visit and observe all parts of the navy yard and its establishments; and shall make such reports as will enable the commandant to be fully informed as to the working of the various parts of the station under his command. 7. A regular journal shall be kept under his direction, which he To have a jour- shall sign and submit monthly to the commandant for his approval. nal kept In it shall be entered the reporting for duty or detachment of officers, the arrival, departure, commissioning or placing out of commission of ships of the Navy, the arrival and departure of vessels with stores of any kind for the yard, the number of mechanics and others em- 414 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. ployed, the hour of docking or undocking any vessel, and the other principal transactions of the yard, together with a daily meteorological record. Art. 1649. Absence of cap- 1. In the absence of the captain of the yard his duties shall be per- formed by the line officer next in rank actually on duty at the yard proper. 2. In the absence of both the commandant and captain such line officer next in rank shall become the acting commandant, and shall exercise, for the time being, the authority of the commandant, both ashore and in respect to ships in commission at the yard, as prescribed in Art. 1639. The captain and officers of a receiving ship lying at a navy yard or a station, shall not be considered as on duty in the yard or station, as far as succession to temporary command is concerned, nor exercise authority therein, but shall be subject in all respects to the orders of the commandant or acting commandant of the yard. 3. A navy yard or station shall never be left without a line officer actually present and on duty thereat. Art. 1650. Junior line offl- Line officers of lower rank may be attached to the yards as subor- cers as additional dinate aids to t h e commandant, for the purpose of assisting the captain of the yard, and for general experience and observation in the duties of their profession. SECTION 8. OFFICERS IN CHARGE OF DEPARTMENTS. Art. 1651. Control of work i. Officers in charge of departments at a navy yard shall, under the direction of the commandant, supervise and control all work per- taining to their respective bureaus, and have the general superin- tendence, charge, direction, and mustering of all persons employed by them. Work for an- 2. They shall, when doing work for another department, send other department. , , every morning through the commandant to the head of such depart- ment a report of the number and class of men employed, with their rates of pay. Reports. 3. They shall furnish to the commandant a daily report of labor on blank forms prescribed, and make such returns of expenditures for labor and material as may be required by their respective bureaus. Supplies and 4. They shall make requisition upon the general storekeeper for supplies and material as required, and shall keep him advised, in advance, as to the probable needs of their several departments. (See Chapter XXV, Supplies.) Requisitions. 5. All requisitions on the general storekeeper, for materials or articles for use in any department, shall be made by the proper fore- men and be signed by the head of the department. SHORE STATIONS. 415 Art. 1652. 1. Heads of departments shall furnish monthly to the Paymaster Pft y rolls General an analysis of expenditures for labor and material in repairs of vessels. 2. They shall prepare duplicate pay rolls, certified by themselves, for paying the men; the originals to be sent to the commandant for , his approval, and transmitted to the pay officer, and the duplicate for- warded to the bureau concerned. SECTION 4. MEDICAL OFFICERS. Art. 1653. 1. The senior medical officer and his assistants on duty at a navy General duties of yard shall give their professional attention to all officers and other n e c n e r r medical of ' persons belonging to the Navy and Marine Corps who are on duty at the yard; and to all families residing within the limits of such yard Attendance on , , . officers' families. or station. 2. When wounds or injuries are received by mechanics or laborers Employes in- while at work in the yard, the medical officer shall supply whatever J work. V may be necessary in rendering professional assistance. Such cases, if serious, shall be recorded and indexed in a book provided for that purpose, and if the injuries were received in the line of duty the case shall be reported to the commandant. 3. The senior medical officer shall report daily to the commandant Daily sick re- the names of all persons in the naval service attached to the yard who por 8 ' should be excused from duty on account of sickness, and shall furnish the commanding officer of marines with the names of the marines who may be unfit for duty. 4. He shall examine recruits who may offer to enlist in the Marine TO examine re- Corps at the yard, and all candidates for appointment in the .Navy dates! and andi ' who may present themselves under proper authority. Art. 1654. Passed assistant and assistant surgeons attached to a navy yard or Juni r medical i 11 i -j j i_ ii_ i , officers at shore sta- other shore station shall be guided by the regulations prescribed for tions. medical officers of the same grade when at sea. SECTIOK 5. PAY OFFICERS. Art. 1655. 1. The pay officer of a shore station shall pay all officers and en- Duties of pay of- listed persons attached to it and to the vessels in ordinary, and, if so or- ficers of 8tatlons> dered, those belonging to receiving ships; also such officers as have their accounts transferred to the station for pay. 2. He shall pay all mechanics and laborers employed at the station, upon certified pay rolls approved by the commandant, after he shall have satisfied himself of their correctness. The duties of general storekeepers and purchasing pay officers are storekeepers and laid down in Chapters XXV to XXIX, inclusive. purchasing agents. 416 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. SECTION 6. ENGINEER OFFICERS. Art. 1656. General duties of 1. The senior engineer in charge of the department of steam engi- senior engineer at . , , .. . ,, , ., ,. navy yard. neering at a navy yard or station shall, under the direction of the commandant, superintend the construction and repair of the steam and other machinery pertaining to that department. steam genera- 2. He shall inspect quarterly all steam generators at the station and report to the commandant their condition and the steam pressure to which they may safely be subjected, and he shall make at all times such suggestions as, in his opinion, will add to their safety and effi- ciency. When changes or repairs to a generator are recommended by him, the commandant shall forward his recommendations to the bu- reau to which such generator belongs. Steam machin- 3. He shall, under the direction of the commandant, have charge of all steam machinery afloat at the station, except of vessels in com- mission, and he shall exercise control over all persons employed in connection with such machinery in matters relating to its preserva- tion and good order. Responsibility. 4. He shall be responsible for the condition and preservation of all the machinery, boilers, and appurtenances of vessels under his charge. Vessels to be laid 5. When a ship is to be laid up, he shall take charge of her ma- chinery at the time her senior engineer is detached. Art. 1657. Supervision of re- 1. When a ship in commission is to be repaired, he shall make of ships iiTcoin'mS requisition for the labor necessary, and before beginning any repairs flion - shall confer with the commanding officer of the ship, who will afford him every facility for the prompt and economical execution of the work. Art. 1658. Reports to the i. He shall make out and sign the monthly and other reports that tn > e nmi Bureau "of are required to be made by the commandant to the Bureau of Steam steam Engineer- Engineering. 2. He shall submit to the commandant weekly a report of the en- gines and boilers that have been repaired, and the condition of the work in hand. SECTION 7. NAVAL CONSTRUCTORS. Art. 1659. General duties of 1. The naval constructor at a navy yard shall have general super- naval constructors. i n t e ndence and charge of the construction and repair of all ships. He shall conform to the instructions he may receive from the com- mandant for such construction and repair, being furnished with copies of orders and contracts relating thereto. If, in the course of the repair of any vessel, defects should be discovered that were not previously known, which will be likely to increase the expense or delay the work, he shall immediately report the same to the commandant for further SHORE STATIONS. 417 instructions, suggesting such modifications as will be likely to diminish the expense or increase the utility of the work. 2. He shall make to the commandant such suggestions in the line To make sugges- , . ,. . , . ., . , . tions to commari- oi his profession as he may consider tor the interests of the service, dant. 3. He shall cause to be thoroughly examined at least once a month Vessefe in ordi- all ships in reserve, or upon which work may have been suspended, nary to see that they are carefully guarded against deterioration or decay, and report in writing to the commandant. 4. He shall be reponsible for waste and improper use of material Responsibility by those under his general superintendence. rial "5. He shall use all possible care to prevent the use or conversion Checks on expen- of any material, until such account is taken of it as will secure a correct expenditure. Art. 1660. 1. He shall prepare and sign all reports and accounts in his depart- Reports and re- ment that are required to be made by the commandant to the Bureau tl of Construction and Repair, the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts, or to the Secretary of the Navy. 2. He shall submit monthly to the commandant a report of vessels building or repairing, on which work has been done, giving the ac- tual expenditure to date. SECTION 8. CIVIL ENGINEEB. Art. 1661. 1. The civil engineer attached to a navy yard shall be regarded as General duties of the assistant of the captain of the yard in all duties pertaining to the navy e ya?d neer ** Bureau of Yards and Docks, except as hereinafter specified. All cor- respondence of the civil engineer with the commandant shall go through the captain of the yard. 2. He shall have control of all civil engineering work, including Responsible for both repairs and improvements, and shall be held responsible for the en 8 lneenD 8 work - proper performance of the same. 3. He shall make the plans, drawings and estimates, for all pro- Preparation of jected improvements, repairs, and other technical works in the line mates. and esti of his profession at the yard. 4. When directed to construct works for which estimates have been Schedules of ma- made, he shall prepare all necessary schedules of materials to be te used in their construction. 5. Should the Navy Department decide that any work shall be done contract work, by contract, either wholly or in part, the civil engineer shall superin- tend the work, make estimates, as the work progresses, of the pro- portion completed, and certify and sign all bills, if the work is done in accordance with the terms of the contract. 6. He shall make to the commandant such suggestions in the line suggestions to of his profession and duty as he may consider for the interest of the service. 1344827 418 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1662. Reports and pay 1. He shall have prepared and sign all reports of the work under rolls. , . i -L. his special charge. 2. He shall have an exact account kept of all materials and labor expended upon each object, from which shall be prepared a monthly report to the bureau of all expenditures. This report shall be ac- companied by a written report of the progress made upon each object tfor which money has been appropriated. 3. He shall certify pay rolls of men under his control. SECTION 9. EMPLOYMENT OP LABOR AT NAVY YARDS. Art. 1663. Classification of i. Employe's are divided into four classes: the labor. , , TT ,.,, , , , Schedule A. Unskilled labor. Schedule B. Skilled labor. Schedule C. Foremen, quartermen in charge, and other men in charge. Schedule D. Special employments. 2. The registration of applicants for employment under schedules A and B at each navy yard shall be restricted to the list of trades ap- proved by the Navy Department for that yard, as revised from time to time; and no persons other than workmen of trades specified in the approved schedules shall be employed at any navy yard, except under a written appointment from the Secretary of the Navy. 3. Whenever a necessity arises for workmen in trades not named in the schedules approved for any yard, or for a more specific desig- nation or classification under any trade, or for any other change in the schedule of authorized trades, the fact shall be reported by the head of the department concerned to the commandant, and by him referred to the Department, with a statement of the reason therefor. When approved by the Department, the new trades shall be added to the schedule, and registration therein shall begin as applicants present themselves; but no change shall be made in the trade schedules with- out such approval. Art. 1664. Board of labor 1. The employment of foremen, laborers, and mechanics at each of the navy yards and stations shall be committed to a board consisting of three commissioned officers on duty at the station, to be called the " board of labor employment ". The board shall consist of the captain of the yard, or officer so acting, and the senior assistant, or, where there is no such assistant, the officer in charge, from each of the two de- partments which employ the largest number of men. The board shall be responsible for the proper, effective, and impartial enforcement of these regulations, in accordance with the statutes (R. S., Sees. 1544, 1546, 1754, 1755), and shall make a report annually to the Department, SHORE STATIONS. 419 by September 15th of each year, of their work for the preceding year, with suggestions in relation thereto as may occur to them. 2. A commissioned officer shall be detailed as recorder of the board, and a writer shall be assigned to the office of the recorder. It shall be the duty of the recorder to certify to the correctness of the books and records, to keep impartially the registration books, and in general he shall be responsible for the accuracy of all entries, certifications, and any other work of the office. He shall be present at the meetings of the board, but shall not have a vote. Art. 1665. 1. The office of the board of labor employment shall be open for the AppHcattoni and supplying of forms and information during the regular working hours iegls r of the yard on each working day of the year. 2. The office shall be open for the registration of schedules A and B on each working day, during such hours as the commandant may direct, according to the necessities of the service. Applications for registration in schedule C may be made by letter to the commandant, at any time after public notice of a vacancy has been given, until a date specified in the notice'. The writer is always to be present at the registration office during working hours, and all work done in the office shall be performed under the supervision of the board. Sepa- rate registers shall be kept for the different schedules, and they shall be open to public inspection. 3. No applicant shall be registered unless he is a citizen of the United States, or has served in the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps, and has been honorably discharged therefrom. 4. Each applicant for employment in schedules A and B, in order to be registered, must present in person at the registration office, dur- ing registration hours, an application and certificates, filled out before- hand on the prescribed blanks. The application is to be signed by himself, and must state correctly his name and other facts concerning him which are required by Arts. 1669 and 1670 of these regulations. 5. The applicant must produce certificates signed by two reputable citizens of his locality, preferably by previous employers, of his capacity for labor, and his habits as to industry and sobriety. 6. No applicant for schedule B shall be admitted to registration unless one at least of his certificates is signed by a firm or member thereof, superintendent, master workman, or other person under whom he has worked at the trade in which he applies for employment, and certifies to his capacity in that trade. "Where he has worked in a navy yard, a certificate from the head of the department under whom he served, testifying to his knowledge of the trade in which he applies for employment, may be accepted in place of the trade certificate re- quired above. In the case of applicants who have served in the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps, an honorable discharge may be accepted in place of the second certificate. 420 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 7. The trade certificate shall also be required of applicants for the following employments in schedule A, viz: dredgers, helpers in special trades, hod carriers, holders-on, rivet heaters, stable keepers, and teamsters, and any others in which knowledge of the trade is necessary or advantageous. When the list of any one of these classes is exhausted, certificates may be made from other classes of unskilled labor to supply new requisitions, as follows: Helpers in special trades from helpers (general); rivet heaters, from boys, and dredgers, hod carriers, holders-on, stable keepers, and teamsters from laborers. 8. Where application is made for the position of common laborer, an honorable discharge from the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps, or in the case of a person previously employed in the yard, a certificate from the head of the department under whom he served, will be suffi- cient proof of capacity and good conduct, in the absence of evidence to the contrary. But no applicant shall be registered in the list of janitors, time keepers, or watchmen, unless he can read and write, and can produce satisfactory certificates as to his trustworthy character; nor in the list of boys, boiler sealers, unless of small size; nor shall any person be registered who is under the age of fourteen years. The registration and certification of " boys " shall be confined ex- clusively to boys employed on manual labor. 9. Where the applicant appears to possess very superior physical qualifications, the fact will be noted on the register; and all appli- cants shall be divided into three classes, a, 6, and c, according to their general physical qualifications, including height, weight, and robust- ness. 10. Before entering the name of an applicant on the register, such further inquiry may be made in regard to his character and capacity as the board may deem practicable or expedient; and no applicant / will be registered who has been convicted of crime, misdemeanor, or vagrancy. 11. In case an applicant is found, in the unanimous opinion of the board, unfit or in any way disqualified to perform the service which he seeks, his name shall not be entered on the register, and the reason therefor shall be indorsed on the applicant's statement, signed by the recorder of the board, and filed as a permanent record. 12. The recorder shall append to each application a brief personal description of the applicant, and any notes that may serve to show his capacity for the service sought. The certificates produced by each applicant shall be attached to his application, placed on file in an envelope bearing his name and number, and those under sched- ules A and B retained as permanent records. 13. No certificates, other than those filed at the date of registration, shall be received or required subsequent to entry of the applicant's name on the register. 14. Applicants in any trade under schedule B, may register at their option in either one of three ways, as follows : (1). For the first class only. SHORE STATIONS. 421 (2). For the. three lower classes, without distinction. (8). For the trade generally, without reference to class. 15. When the services of laborers or mechanics are required in any department, the head of the department shall make, through the commandant, and subject to his approval, a requisition upon the board, specifying the kind of service for which they are wanted and the number of each class required. This requisition must only call for employes of the trades specified in the trade schedules approved by the Department. Upon the receipt of such requisition, the re- corder, under the direction of the board, shall send to the officer mak- ing the requisition the number of names called for, if the register contains so many, with a brief transcript of important facts entered in the register against each name, and at the same time he shall notify the men selected to report to the head of the department upon a fixed date. 16. When the board shall be unable to fill a requisition for men in either schedule, and shall so certify to the commandant, a call shall be published by advertisement, if time permits, to fill up the register. In cases of immediate exigency, however, where the work admits of no delay, the commandant may authorize the head of department making the requisition to employ directly the necessary number of men, subject only to the restrictions heretofore named as to citizen- ship and character. A return shall be made to the board of such men as are thus employed, and they shall be required to complete their record as soon thereafter as practicable. Any case arising under this section shall be immediately reported to the Department with an ex- planation of the circumstances. 17. Before the men certified are taken on, the head of the depart- ment shall cause such a test to be made of their qualifications as will enable him to grade them provisionally and ascertain if they are suitable for the work. Candidates favorably passed upon once may be passed on their record at subsequent certifications. 18. The head of the department shall then send to the board a " return of certified labor", containing the list of names as certified with a statement of the ratings of those employed; the causes of re- jection, in the case of those rejected as unsuitable for the work; and whether any failed to respond at the time designated, or declined the appointment. Those who fail to respond, unless they can give satis- factory reasons, and those who refuse work, shall be dropped from the register; but this shall not prevent their filing a new application, which shall be duly considered by the board. Those who fail to respond within seven days because of actual sick- ness, and who present within said seven days satisfactory evidence of inability to report because of such sickness, shall not lose their posi- tions on the register, and shall not be certified to the head of the de- partment within thirty days from the date of first certification, unless in the meantime they report to the labor board that they have recov- 422 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. ered sufficiently to perform the work for which registered. At the expiration of thirty days they shall be eligible to a second certifica- tion, and a failure to report for duty within three days after such cer- tification shall result in causing their names to be dropped from the register. Those rejected as unsuitable on general requisitions shall not be admitted to a new registration within a period of one year. For all vacancies thus made, a new list of names shall be supplied by the board without further notice than is given by the " return of certified labor ". 19. Where work requires a high degree of skill, heads of depart- ments are authorized to make a special requisition for "workmen (first class)". But no such requisition shall be approved by the com- mandant unless, upon examination, he is fully satisfied that such qualification is necessary for the work in question. In filling such special requisitions, the board shall certify from (1) or (3) of paragraph 14, in the general order of registration of the applicants. Those rejected after certification under a special requisi- tion shall, by applying at the labor employment office within one week after notice of rejection, be transferred to (2) of paragraph 14, and shall be eligible upon subsequent general requisitions in their proper order in the same manner as though originally registered under (2); and rejection upon a special requisition shall in no case operate to prevent a subsequent new registration. In filling general requisitions, the board shall certify from all the applicants for the trade that is from (1), (2), and (3) alike without regard to any distinction of class; but an applicant under (1) shall not lose his place on the register by reason of refusing employment in a grade lower than first class. 20. No registered names shall be passed over on account of age or want of physical qualifications, unless the requisition states specific- ally that such qualification is requisite, and the commandant shall not approve any such requisition unless, upon examination, he is fully satisfied that such special qualification is essential to the proper per- formance of the work in question; and in no case shall he approve any requisition which will operate to exclude men under sixty years of age. Applicants passed over under the provisions of this paragraph shall retain their places on the register and be eligible to certification, in their proper order of registration, on subsequent general requisitions. Applicants rejected on the special requisitions provided for in this paragraph shall retain their places on the register, by making appli- cation at the labor employment office within one week after notice of rejection, and shall be eligible, on subsequent general requisitions; and rejection upon a special requisition shall in no case operate to prevent a subsequent new registration. 21. The attention of commandants, under whose supervision the board of labor employment and the heads of departments perform. SHORE STATIONS. 423 the duties herein prescribed, is called to the fact that every man whose name has once been admitted to the register, is entitled to be certified when his name has been reached, and that every man whose name has been certified is entitled to a fair and impartial trial from the head of the department. Commandants will be held strictly responsible for the execution of this order. Art. 1666. 1. The order of certification for all applicants shall be as follows: Order of certifi- -r fr j. ration and mode of 1. Veterans. selection. II. Those not veterans who have had experience and given satis- faction in navy yard work, in the same or in a kindred trade to that for which requisition is made. III. All others on the register. 2. The mode of selection shall be as follows: Requisition having been made for a number of men of a given, trade, the names of all of class I (veterans) registered in that trade shall be first taken, begin- ning with the first veteran on the list at the date of making the cer- tification, in the order of registration, and ending with the last. Next shall be taken the names of all of class II (navy yard experi- ence) registered in the trade, in the order of registration, beginning with the first on the list, and ending with the last; but a special preference shall always be given to those persons who have received serious bodily injury, while under employment at the yard, provided that their previous record at the yard was good, that they are capable of doing good work, and that their employment shall not involve loss to the Government. Next shall be taken the names of class III (all others) registered in the trade, beginning with the first on the list and taking the names in the order of registration until the requisition is filled. 3. This course shall be pursued with every requisition, and no de- parture shall be made from the order of registration in the classes named, nor shall any names of men registered be excluded or passed over, except in the case of the special requisitions hereinbefore men- tioned (Art. 1665, pars. 19, 20) nor shall any discrimination be exercised by the board of labor employment in the classes named in regard to men who have been admitted to registration. 4. Applicants who have formerly been employed as apprentices at navy yards, and who present to the board of labor employment the certificates referred to in the regulations for the admission of appren- tices to the navy yards of the United States, of July 15, 1868, stating that they have served full time, and certifying to their good conduct and proficiency, shall be certified under par. 1, as " those not veterans who have had experience and given satisfaction in navy yard work". Art. 1667. 1. All employe's below the grade of leading man shall be divided Bating^, into four classes or ratings with pay graded accordingly, the fourth class being the lowest. 424 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 2. All employes at their appointment shall be provisionally graded, and within two weeks thereafter shall be finally graded by the head of the department, with the commandant's approval, and the fact shall be noted on the register; and such ratings and changes in grade as are required from time to time by the capacity of the employes and the needs of the service shall be made in the same manner, and notifi- cation thereof immediately sent to the board of labor employment. 3. Promotions and reratings of employes shall depend only upon their proficiency, industry, regularity of attendance, interest shown in the work, quality of work, and good conduct. 4. Helpers in specified trades under schedule A, as approved for each navy yard, are to be considered as in the line of promotion in the trade for which they have been registered as helpers, and when they have shown the necessary capacity in the trade in question, as evi- denced by a certificate from the head of the department under whom they have served, and when vacancies occur in that trade, may be rated to fill such vacancies. Such promotions shall be entered in the proper register of the board of labor employment, the register number of the workmen promoted remaining unchanged. 5. Quartermen and leadingmen will be designated by the Secretary of the Navy. They shall be selected from the employes on the nomi- nation of foremen and quartermen, respectively, subject to the approval of the head of department and thje commandant. "Whenever suitable persons can not be obtained from the force employed, the place sliall be filled according to the method provided for schedule C. 8. When by reason of want of work at any navy yard reductions are made in the force of workmen, which involve a corresponding reduc- tion in the superintending force, the head of the department shall report the changes he deems necessary in the latter force, with a recommendation in each case, having reference to individual qualifi- cations, but adhering always to the rule that a foreman, quarterman, or leadingman, whose services are no longer required in his grade, shall be given priority for retention in the next lower grade. This report shall be forwarded by the commandant with his recommen- dations to the Department for its approval. 7. As an incentive to performing their duty fearlessly and properly, employes who have previously held the position of quartermen or leadingmen, and have given satisfaction to the head of the depart- ment, shall be among the last to be discharged when a reduction of the force becomes necessary. Art. 1668. Keporti and dis- * When discharges are necessary from want of work they shall be charges. made by the head of the department, subject to the approval of the commandant, and those whose services are of the least value shall be first dispensed with. 2. It shall be the duty of the quarterman, or, where there is no quar- terman, of the leading man to report immediately to the foreman any SHORE STATIONS. 425 mechanic or laborer under his direction who is inefficient, irregular in attendance, intemperate, or indolent. It shall be the duty of the foremen to take such measures as may be necessary to see that the quartermen perform this duty, and any quarterman found negligent in this respect or guilty of any favoritism or partiality shall be dis- xated or discharged. 3. Upon receipt of such report from a quarterman, the foreman shall look into the case, and forward the report with his recommendation to the head of the department. 4. The head of the department shall examine the case, and if, in his opinion, any further action than a warning is necessary, he shall sub- mit the facts with his recommendation to the commandant, who may at his discretion order the suspension, disrating, or discharge of the workman, as in his judgment will best promote the interests of the Government. 5. Th suspension of workmen shall not be for a longer period than six days, and any man discharged for the causes above stated shall thereafter be excluded from registration for six months; after which time he may be admitted to register if, in the judgment of the labor board, his application merits favorable consideration. 6. Workmen absent for six successive musters shall be considered as discharged, unless it is shown that their absence is due to illness or other sufficient cause. 7. Any applicant for employment who gives a false name or resi- dence, or presents false certificates, or secures registration or employ- ment through false representations, shall be discharged, and his name permanently removed from the register, as soon as the fact is ascer- tained. 8. When an employ^ is discharged or dropped from the pay rolls, a return of the fact shall be sent to the board immediately on a form provided therefor, stating the name of the person, his registration number, the date of his employment, his employment and rating, the date of his discharge, the cause and the character of his conduct and work. The return shall be filed and shall not be open to public in- spection. 9. If the person so discharged or dropped desires to have his name continued on the register, he can apply at the registration office within three days, unless prevented by illness or other sufficient cause, and if it appears that his conduct and work have been satisfactory, and that he is a man of good habits and capacity for labor, and not under any disqualification, an entry shall be made upon the register opposite his name, indicating that he is still eligible, and he shall re- tain his original number on the register. 10. Workmen at the various yards who are laid off on account of want of work, through no fault of their own, and who, by reason of their em- ployment at the yard when the order for registration went into effect on September 1, 1891, have been debarred from registration, shall be 426 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. entitled to register as of that date, upon presenting to the board of labor employment within three days after their discharge, unless pre- vented by illness or other sufficient cause, a certificate from the head of the department under whom they have served, showing that they are in every respect thoroughly skilled, competent, and satisfactory workmen. 11. In cases where workmen upon discharge or rejection are re- quired to apply within a limited time at the labor employment office in order to retain registration privileges, the commandant shall see that the men are notified in each case of the requirements of the reg- ulation. REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION. Art 1669. Schedule A Un- 1. All applicants in schedule A, unskilled labor, who produce satis- mon e ?ab^ers C and factory evidence of their capacity for labor, and of their citizenship helpers. or service, as above, and of good habits as to industry and sobriety, shall be entered on the register in the order of their application. The applicant shall state the (1) name; (2) age; (3) residence; (4) citizen- ship; (5) service in the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps in time of war or otherwise; (6) previous occupation. These facts shall be entered on the register, and in addition the applicant's references, personal description, and such other information as may be required. 2. When 'the applicants for work as common laborers are, in the opinion of the board, sufficient to meet all probable demands for a period of six months or more, registration of the class shall cease, except in the case of persons who have served in the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps in time of war, and have received an honorable dis- charge therefrom, and of those persons who have received serious bodily inj ury while employed in a navy yard, and whose navy yard records are good. These shall have the right to register at all times during the prescribed hours. Art. 1670. Schedule B A.11 applicants in schedule B, skilled labor, who produce satisfactory Skilled labor. Me- . * chanic*. evidence of their citizenship or service, as above stated, of good habits as to industry and sobriety, and of experience and ability in the trade for which application is made, shall be entered on the register in the order of their application. The application shall state the (1) name; (2) age; (3) residence; (4) citizenship: (5) service in the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps in time of war or otherwise; (6) previous occupation; (7) what shop; (8) position in shop. These facts shall be entered on the register, and in addition the applicant's references, personal de- scription, and such other information as may be required. Art. 1671. Schedule C 1. Whenevfer a position in schedule C shall become vacant, the com- meiTni' charge! mandant shall immediately report the fact to the Navy Department and other men in w hich will cause public notice by advertisement to be given as soon as practicable, and will convene a board of officers, with a recorder, SHORE STATIONS. 427 to hold a competitive examination to fill the vacancy. The notice shall state the day of the examination. 2. The examination shall be open to all comers who can give satis- factory evidence of experience in conducting the kind of work in which they seek employment, and who are citizens of the United States. Persons holding positions at the yard shall be admitted to competition on the same footing as the other applicants. 3. Applications shall be addressed to the commandant of the navy yard where the vacancy occurs, and must be delivered to him on or before the specified date. No application received after that date shall be considered. The applications shall be registered in the office of the board of labor employment. 4. Each applicant shall state in his application his name, age, resi- dence, citizenship, present occupation (stating shop and position there- in), and previous employment or work done. 5. The application shall be accompanied by evidence of citizenship, and by certificates, preferably from previous employers, as to charac- ter, habits of industry and sobriety, and skill and experience in con- ducting work of the kind required. 6. The examination shall be practical in character, having reference exclusively to the requirements of the position to be filled. It shall be directed to ascertain the applicant's knowledge of his business and his possession of the qualities that will enable him to get good work out of his men. 7. The applicant's antecedents and experience in his trade, as well as the character of his previous work, shall be duly considered by the board in making its recommendations. 8. The board shall make sufficient inquiry to ascertain that the applicants recommended are physically fit for the work; that they have enough education to make the required reports, estimates, and calculations; that they are of reputable character and of sober and industrious habits; and that they have not been convicted of crime or misdemeanor. 9. At the close of the examination, the board shall make a report through the commandant to the Secretary of the Navy, showing the comparative merit of the applicants for each vacancy and designat- ing for appointmeht the name of the individual who, in his opinion, is best qualified for the place. The record of the proceedings of the board with all applications, certificates, and other papers shall be filed in the office of the board of labor employment. 10. Testimonials and certificates of candidates under schedule C may be returned to them on application, copies being retained and placed on file. Art. 1672. Except the employes provided by statute, those paid under pay of Exception*, the Navy, and the temporary employes under increase of the Navy (Act of March 3, 1887, Sec. 3), no person shall be employed in a navy yard except in one of the four schedules above named. 428 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1673. Schedule D Spe- 1. Special employments (Schedule D) shall comprise those forms of labor which can not be classified under any of the ordinary trades. Persons appointed to special employments shall be of two ratings: 1. Special mechanics. II. Special laborers. Each rating shall consist of four classes first, second, third, and fourth, according to the rate of pay which shall be fixed by the Department. The first rating shall include all special employments of a mechan- ical nature; the second, all others. 2. All persons employed at the yards, other than those in schedules A, B, and C, those temporarily employed under "Increase of the Navy", by authority of the Act of March 3, 1887, sec. 8, those paid under " Pay of the Navy ", and those specifically provided for by statute in the civil establishment, shall fall under schedule D; but no occupations shall be included in the " Special employments " which can properly be classified under schedule A or B, nor shall any person borne in these schedules be employed otherwise than in the line of his trade, unless after transfer, with the Department's approval, to schedule D. 3. Heads of departments at yards requiring the services of a special mechanic or special laborer, shall notify the board of labor employment, stating the character of the work required and the reason therefor. If, in 'the opinion of the board, the work de- scribed can not advantageously be classified under either of the trade schedules (A and B) and can not be supplied by the method of registration, they shall indorse the notification to that effect, and transmit it to the commandant, to be forwarded to the bureau con- cerned, with a recommendation. Before making the recommenda- tion, the commandant shall satisfy himself as to whether the special employ^ is really needed. His report with the bureau's recommenda- tion will be forwarded to the Department for approval. Art. 1674. Occupations on- Applicants under schedulei A and B shall be admitted to regis- nd B ^ hedules A t ration in the following list of occupations, with such additions and alterations as may be made from time to time in accordance with Art. 1663. SCHEDULE A. Helpers, tinners'. Hod carriers. Holders-on Janitors. Laborers (common). Rivet heaters. Stable keepers. Teamsters. Timekeepers. Watchmen. Boys. Helpers, galvanizers'. Boys, boiler sealers. iron finishers'. Dredgers. joiners'. Helpers, general. machinists'. blacksmiths'. molders'. boatbuilders'. painters'. boiler makers'. plumbers'. brass finishers'. sawmill. carpenters' (home). ship fitters'. coppersmiths'. shipwrights'. SHORE STATIONS. SCHEDULE B. 429 Anchor makers. Flange turners. Pile drivers. Blacksmiths. Forgers, heavy. Pipe fitters. Blockrhakers. Furnace men. Plasterers. Boatbuilders. Galvanizers. Plumbers (house). Boiler makers. Gas fitters. Plumbers (ship). Boxmakers. Gasmakers. Pressmen. Cabinetmakers. Hammer men. Printers. Calkers, wood. Harness makers. Punchers and shearen. Calkers and chippers, Iron. Hostlers. Keamers. Carpenters (house). Horseshoers. Biggers. Cartridge makers. Instrument makers. Eiveters. Catchers. Joiners (house). Boilers, iron. Chainmakers. Joiners (ship). Bopeznakers. Coffee roasters. Laboratorians. Sail makers. Compass fitters. Leather workers. Saw filers. Coopers. Letterers and grainers,. Sawyers. Copper refiners. Machinists. Seamstresses. Coppersmiths. Machinists, electrical. Shipfitters. Coremakers. Masons, brick. Shipwrights. Divers. Masons, stone. Slaters. Draftsmen. Mill men. Sparmakers. Drillers. Model makers. Stonecutters. Drivers for fire engine. Holders, green sand (iron or Tinners. Engine tenders. brass). Tin roofers. Engine tenders, fire. Molders, loam. Toolmakers. Engine tenders, locomotive. Oakum makers. Tool sharpeners. Engine tenders, stationary. Oakum spinners. Turners. Fasteners. Ordnance men. Upholsterers. Finishers, brass. Packers. Wharf builders. Finishers, iron. Painters. Wheelwrights. Firemen. Pattern makers. Wiremen. Flagmakers. Pavers. Art. 1675. 1. The rate of wages of employes shall conform to the standard of Wages, private establishments in the immediate vicinity of the respective yards, to be determined by the commandant, subject to the approval and revision of the Navy Department. 2. The commandant of each yard shall appoint a board of officers Board on wages. who shall make diligent inquiry at the principal private mechanical establishments in the vicinity of the yard as to the rate of daily wages paid to the workmen of different classes in each trade included in the trade schedule of the yard, and shall report quarterly to the com- mandant the result of such inquiries, and recommend rates for the payment of workmen of corresponding classes and trades at the yard. The commandant shall then forward to each bureau, in duplicate, a quarterly schedule of wages under that bureau as approved by him- self, and when approved by the bureau and the Navy Department the schedule shall remain in force during the ensuing quarter. 3. When the board submits to the commandant the proposed quar- Board to report terly schedule of wages, it shall also make a separate report stating changes* from last in full all changes from the schedule approved for the previous quar- schedule of wages. 430 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. ter which involve an increase or reduction in the wages of any class or trade, with the reasons therefor, and the report will be forwarded by the commandant with his recommendations to the bureau con- cerned. 4. When new trades are added to the trade schedule of the yard on recommendation of the commandant, with the Department's approval, as provided in Art. 1663, the commandant shall immediately cause the board on wages to ascertain the proper rate of wages therefor in the usual manner. Their report shall be transmitted for approval, and the rates thus fixed shall be included in the next quarterly schedule of wages. 5. The quarterly schedule of wages shall not include the civil es- tablishment, provided for by statute or special employments (sched- ule D) authorized by departmental order, the pay of which is fixed by the statute or order creating them, but shall be confined exclu- sively to the approved trade schedule of the yard with approved ad- ditions to date. Art. 1676. Contributions for No officer or employ<5 of the Government shall require or request :ai purposes. aQ y ^^i^ngman in an y n avy yard to contribute or pay' any money for political purposes, nor shall any workingman be removed or dis- charged for political opinion. Art. 1677. Conduct of work Work at all navy yards and stations, except at the Washington navy yard and the torpedo station (where the methods now in use may be continued), shall be conducted under the following regulations: 1. All employes shall be at their stations, and work shall commence promptly at the hours designated and continue until the signal for ceasing work. 2. Work shall continue during the prescribed hours, with the ex- ception that certain mechanics employed in shops and on board ships shall be allowed to stop work five minutes before the evening signal, in order to give them time to put away their tools and change their clothing. 3. It shall be the duty of foremen, quartermen, and leadingmen to see that machinery is started and that work is promptly commenced and continued during working hours. 4. Nothing less than an hour's work shall be the subject of entry in the books. Per diem pay shall be so established as to be a multiple of eight. In case an employ^ fails to report to his foreman at 8 a. m. or 1 p. m., and does so report before 9 a. m. or 2 p. m., accounting sat- isfactorily for his tardiness, or, if, by authority, he fails to make full time, he shall be credited with the time made. Heads of departments only can authorize tardy employe's to go to work, or can give employes permission, by a pass, to absent themselves from the yard before the bell rings for stopping work. SHORE STATIONS. 431 5. To each employ^ shall be assigned a number, which shall be entered on the time book of the department in which he is employed; and numbered metal checks shall be provided. 6. In each shop and at other points, where a sufficient number of men are engaged to warrant it, there will be a check board large enough to hold the maximum number of checks that will probably be required in the subdepartment, having hooks consecutively num- bered in vertical rows on which the corresponding metal checks shall be hung. Near this check board shall be placed a locked check box with a slot in the lid. Employes having been informed of their num- ber shall, before 8 a. m. and 1 p. m., take the check corresponding to their number from the board and deposit it in the box, and no one shall so dispose of the check belonging to another employ^. At 8 a. m. and at 1 p. m., the slot in the box shall be closed with a catch slide by the foreman, quarterman, or leadingman in charge of workmen. 7. As soon as the boxes are closed, they shall be taken to the of- fice of the time clerk, who shall assort the checks, note the pres- ence of their depositors, and then have the checks hung on the board to which they belong and the boxes in place before next muster. Be- fore the checks are sent from the office, the time clerk should be in- formed if any men are to be discharged or suspended, and, if so, their checks should not be sent from the office to be hung on the board. Checks not deposited in the boxes shall be taken to the office and kept separate, so as to enable the time clerk to verify his record of absentees; but they shall be hung in their places before the next muster. 8. In order that a correct record may be kept of the labor ex- pended on authorized work and properly chargeable to it, quarter- men and leadingmen in charge of gangs of mechanics or laborers shall be furnished with duplicate pocket time books, in which shall be entered the names of the men under their special control and su- pervision. One of these time books shall be used on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, and the other on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays. 9. To each name shall be given a space of four lines, so that, if there is any change in the job on which the man is engaged, there will be space for making the proper entry on the time book. 10. The number of each job order to which time is properly charge- able, shall be entered in the back of each time book, so that the quarterman or leadingman may have the necessary information to enable him to make the proper entry in the book. Only those jobs ordered on which the gang of a quarterman or a leadingman will probably be employed need be entered in his time books. By using two of the vertical columns for each day, ample space is given for making the proper entry. 11. The time books for the day shall be collected during the last working hour and deposited in the office of the head of the depart- 432 U. S. NAVY EEGULATIONS. ment, at which time those for the following day shall be distributed. From the time books the time chargeable to job orders shall be ob- tained for the office records. 12. Quartermen and leading men who are required to keep time books shall be held responsible for their accuracy. Art. 1678. Refusal to per- The refusal of any workman to perform duty in the fire com- tompany. y fire P anies shall, unless he be excused, as hereinbefore provided, be con- sidered good cause for his dismissal; and the failure of any person attached to a fire company to appear at his post upon the alarm of fire in the yard, shall, unless satisfactorily explained, render him liable to dismissal. Art. 1679. Payment of me- 1. All mechanics and laborers shall be paid twice a month, upon c^anu r- ^ ateg not more than ten days after the expiration of each month or half month. 2. Each payment, whether for the first or second half of the month, shall be made upon one day or distributed over two or more days, according to the size of the force, in the discretion of the commandant, with the view of taking up the least possible time of the employe's. 3. It shall be the duty of the commandant to prescribe for each yard the order in which the different departments are to be paid, and in this and other respects .to reduce the payment of men to a com- plete working system. The regular payments will be made outside of working hours. In order to economize time at yards where the force is large, payments will be made simultaneously at different pay windows. 4. The quartermen, upon the day named for payment, shall form their men in the order of their names on the rolls, and conduct them to the pay office. They shall station themselves at the pay windows and identify each man as he answers to his name. If the men are not employed under a quarterman, this duty shall be performed by the foreman; and if there is neither foreman nor quarterman, then by the leadingman. The men shall present themselves at the pay win- dows strictly in the order in which their names appear on the rolls, as indicated by their tickets, be identified, hand in their tickets, and receive their money in an envelope on which are written their num- ber and the amount of money inclosed. The pay clerk, in delivering the envelope, shall read aloud from the roll the name, number, and amount due. As the men receive thair envelopes, they shall pass away promptly. The foreman, quarterman, or leadingman, as the case may be, shall identify the 'men in his charge, and it shall be the duty of the pay officer to make no payment until he is satisfied that the identification is complete. 5. A commissioned or warrant officer on duty at the yard and not connected with the pay office shall be detailed by the commandant SHORE STATIONS. 433 for a specified period to witness payments. A separate officer shaU be detailed for each pay window. It shall be the duty of this officer to check the payment on the pay ticket with a personal stamp, as the name of the payee and amount due are called, and immediately after the payments of each day are completed to compare, with the pay officer's assistance, the pay tickets with the pay roll, and append his signature to the roll opposite each name as a witness to each indi- vidual payment. 6. No payment shall be made at other than the regular pay day and hour, except in case of discharge, enforced absence, or other sufficient cause, and every such payment and the cause thereof shall be made a matter of permanent record in the pay office. 7. In case of sickness or other disability, or absence from any other sufficient cause, the payment may be made at any convenient time; but, as in all other cases, it must be witnessed by the officer detailed for that duty, and the paymaster is responsible for seeing that the payee is properly identified. Where the workman cannot come in person, payment may be made on a written order, on the back of his pay ticket, signed by the workman himself, and naming the person to whom the money is to be paid, and authenticated to the satisfaction of the pay officer. 8. In case of discharge properly authorized, men shall be paid at the pay office at any time during office hours, upon the presentation of their discharge ticket signed by the time clerk and approved by the head of department and commandant. There will be attached to the discharge ticket a receipt in full, signed by the payee, and duly witnessed by the witnessing officer, as above provided for. Identifi- catidn of the payee must be made in the same manner as in the case of payments made upon the regular pay day, and the pay officer shall, as in the case of regular payments, be required to satisfy himself as to the completeness of the identification. Art. 1680. 1. The office hours of the navy yards and the departments thereof clerical force at shall be from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m., except on Sundays and holidays, or when business is suspended by competent authority. 2. No clerk or employ^ performing clerical work shall be absent from duty during those hours without permission of the chief clerk of the department, except for half an hour allowed for luncheon; and no such permission shall be given except for good reasons, for which the chief clerk shall be held responsible. 3. The chief clerk of each department shall keep a book, in which each clerk or employ^ performing clerical duty shall register his name and time of arrival in the morning, and of leaving in the after- noon. The book, or register of arrivals and departures, shall be kept in an accessible place up to 9.05 a. m. daily, at which time it shall be taken by the chief clerk, and all arrivals thereafter shall be registered in his 1344828 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. presence or in the presence of some person designated by him for that purpose. At 4 p. m. of each day the register shall again be put in an acces- sible place, and each clerk shall register his name and time of leaving. 4. The chief clerk shall make a weekly list of employe's who are absent, with or without permission, during any part of the working hours, and present it, with such recommendations as he may deem proper, to the officer in charge of the department. He will also note the quality of their work. 5. The head of the department shall make a weekly report of de- linquents to the commandant, with recommendations. He shall also report such employes as are incompetent or inefficient, stating wherein the inefficiency consists. Cases of incapacity or inefficiency, whether from irregular attend- ance or other cause, shall be reported to the Navy Department. 6. Where a clerk is not fully employed during office hours from want of work or any other cause, the chief clerk shall so report to the head of the department, who shall transmit the report with recom- mendations to the commandant. The commandant shall take meas- ures to correct this, but if unable to do so he shall report the facts to the Navy Department, with suitable recommendations. 7. The chief clerk shall apportion the work suitably among the employe's and will see that each performs his proper share, and in case of any increase or diminution of business, he shall recommend corresponding changes in the number of his force. 8. The commandant is ultimately responsible for the work of the clerical force, as of all other employe's; and he must see to it that such discipline, organization, and supervision are maintained as will prevent waste of time or money in the employment of the force. CHAPTEE XXXVII. APPOINTMENTS AND PROMOTIONS. SECTION 1. APPOINTMENTS. Art. 1681. 1. All vacancies in the lowest grades of the line and engineer corps Appointments to of the Navy and of the Marine Corps shall be filled by appointment corps,' and g Marine from those naval cadets who successfully complete the six years 2 r de fr m Naval course at the Naval Academy; such appointments to be made from the graduates of the year, at the conclusion of their six years' course, in the order of merit as determined by the academic board of the Naval Academy. 2. The assignment to the various corps will be made by the Secre- Graduates, how < i -XT j i- ff ii i i t assigned to corps. tary of the Navy upon the recommendation of the academic board. Art. 1682. No person shall be appointed to any office in the Navy, unless he is Appointments f XT. TT -x j Qi , AM i. i- 11 i_ made subject to ex- a citizen of the United States, nor until he shall have passed a phys- animation, ical, a mental, and professional examination. The physical examination shall precede the mental and professional, and if a candidate should be physically unfit he shall not be exam- ined otherwise. Art. 1683. 1. A candidate for the office of assistant surgeon must be not less Candidates for than twenty-one nor more than twenty-six years of age. His moral, M mental, and professional qualifications shall be decided upon by a board of medical officers. * 2. Apothecaries for shore stations shall, with the approval of the Apothecaries at Secretary of the Navy, be appointed by the chief of the Bureau of 8hore 8tatious - Medicine and Surgery. Art. 1684. A candidate for the office of assistant paymaster must be not less Candidates for TT . . assistant paymas- than twenty -one nor more than twenty-six years of age. His moral ter. and mental qualifications shall be decided upon by a board of pay officers. Art. 1685. A candidate for the office of chaplain must be not less than twenty- Candidates for one nor more than thirty-five years of age. He will be required to cha i )laiu - pass a physical examination only, but must be a regularly ordained minister of good standing in his denomination. 435 436 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1886. Naval cadets se- 1. Naval cadets who show a peculiar aptitude for the profession of (ton* as naval con- naval construction, may be selected by the Secretary of the Navy for gtructor. such a scientific mechanical education as will fit them for said pro- fession and for appointment as assistant naval constructors. Candidates for as- 2. A candidate from civil life for the office of assistant naval COn- si stunt naval con- structors from civil structor must be not less than twenty-four nor more than thirty years of age; he must furnish evidence of good moral character, and that he is a skilled naval architect and has been engaged in the practice of that profession; and must present favorable testimonials or certifi- cates from the persons from whom he learned his profession, or from naval constructors under whom he may have served. He will be re- quired to pass a physical examination and such mental and profes- sional examinations as the Navy Department may direct. Art. 1687. Appointment of In the appointment of warrant officers, preference will be given to ' men who have been honorably discharged upon the expiration of an enlistment as a naval apprentice, and have reenlisted within three months after such discharge to serve during a term of three or more years. Art. 1688. Warrant officers After the required examinations of candidates for warrant officers acti r ng eiV appoin?- have been passed, acting appointments shall be given. An acting mente - boatswain, gunner, carpenter, or sailmaker is eligible for a warrant bearing the same date as his acting appointment, after having served one year at sea; provided the captains under whom he has served shall certify favorably to the Secretary of the Navy as to his merits. Art. 1689. Candidates for A candidate for the appointment of boatswain must be of correct boatswaan. habits. Except when an ex-apprentice, he must be not less than twenty-one nor more than thirty-five years of age, must have been at least seven years at sea, and have served one year of that time as a petty officer in the Navy. A candidate for boatswain must be a thorough practical seaman; must understand cutting and fitting rig- ging according to regulations, the weighing, securing, and transpor- tation of anchors and the working of cables with modern appliances, the erection and securing of shears, the handling of purchases, mast- ing ships, and securing yards; and must have sufficient education tc '. . keep a correct account of stores. Art. 1690. Candidates for 1. A candidate for the appointment of gunner must be a seaman of correct habits. Except when an ex-apprentice, he must be not less than twenty -one nor more than thirty years of age. No person shall be appointed an acting gunner until he shall have satisfactorily passed APPOINTMENTS AND PROMOTIONS. 437 an examination on the subjects herein mentioned at the Washington navy yard before a duly authorized board of line officers; and no acting gunner shall receive a warrant as gunner unless he shall present commendatory letters from the captains under whom he has served, after making a cruise of not less than one year as acting gun- ner in a seagoing ship of war. 2. He must be able to read and write with facility; must understand the first four rules of arithmetic, and proportien; and must be able to keep the gunner's accounts correctly. 3. He must understand the construction, mode of dismounting and assembling, and the methods of remedying difficulties and defects in B. L. rifles, B. L. howitzers, all revolving cannon and machine guns of service types, and the magazine rifles and other small arms in the naval service; also the use of such tools as are supplied for repairing ordnance at sea. 4. He must be able to put up all kinds of ammunition, to take im- pressions of vent and bore, to star-gauge guns, to adjust, verify, and use sights, to fit all gun gear, and thoroughly understand and be able to explain all fuzes in use in the Navy. 5. He must understand the manner of fitting magazines, shell rooms, shell houses, and light rooms; the manner of stowing and preserving powder, projectiles, fireworks, and all ordnance stores afloat and on shore; and the manner of handling and securing guns. 6. He must be fully conversant with all orders and regulations in regard to the care and handling of ordnance material and stores afloat and on shore, and with the charges of powder for guns and projectiles of every caliber. Art. 1691. 1. A candidate for appointment as carpenter in the Navy must be Candidates for of correct habits. Except when an ex-apprentice, he must be not ar i lolUer - less than twenty-one nor more than thirty years of age. Before ap- pointment he shall pass a satisfactory examination as to his pro- fessional, moral, and physical qualifications, the professional and moral examination being conducted by a board of three officers ap- pointed by the Secretary of the Navy, and composed of a naval con- structor, an assistant naval constructor, and a carpenter. 2. The candidate must satisfy the examining board that he is a good mechanic, having a general knowledge of practical shipbuild- ing in wood, iron, and steel, and of the qualities and strength of the materials used therein. He must be able to read plans, make work- ing sketches, furnish estimates of cost of work, and keep accounts of stores; he must understand in general the care and preservation of ships, their equipment and fittings, and the care and operation of such apparatus and machinery as he may be required to look after on board ship. He must also be familiar with the precautions necessary to be taken in docking and undocking ship. 438 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. 3. A newly appointed carpenter will, when practicable, be attached to the construction department of a navy yard for at least six months before being ordered to a seagoing vessel, in order that he may be- come conversant with his duties aboard ship and be instructed in the care and operation of such auxiliary machinery as may come under the construction officer. Art. 1692. Candidates for ^ candidate for the appointment of sailmaker must be of correct gailmaker. habits. Except when an ex-apprentice he must be not less than . twenty-one nor more than thirty years of age; he must be a good work- man, with a knowledge of drafting, and understanding thoroughly the cutting and making of sails, awnings, hammock cloths, boom covers, and windsails, and must be able to write sufficiently well to keep an account of stores. Art. 1693. Persons not pi- Any person who shall fail to present himself for examination after senting themselves , i_ A j vnv. -j j i_- * r * * for examination, having obtained permission shall be considered as having forfeited his right to appear. Art. 1694. Penalty for giv- Any candidate who shall give a false certificate of age, time of cates, etc.* ' " service, or character, or who shall make a false statement to a board of examiners, shall be regarded as disqualified. Art 1695. Acceptance and Every person, on receiving an appointment from the Navy Depart- ment to any office in the Navy, shall immediately forward a letter of acceptance, together with the oath of office duly signed and certified. Art. 1696. Officers to as- j. An officer holding an acting appointment shall wear the uniform gnnie rank and uni- form of a higher of the grade to which he is appointed and shall affix the title of his polntmeat! >n * P ~ acting rank to his official signature; when such duty ceases he shall resume the uniform and title of his actual rank. Assumption of 2. A commander in chief may issue an order to any officer to form'upoifpro^io^ assume the rank and uniform of a grade to which he has been pro- tion - moted, upon receiving satisfactory evidence of such promotion. Art. 1697. Pay tlerks. 1. Clerks to pay officers of ships, and principal clerks to pay officers at shore stations, will be appointed by the Secretary of the Navy upon the nomination of pay officers. 2. In accepting appointments they shall be required to bind them- selves to be subject to such laws and regulations for the government and discipline of the Navy as have been or may be enacted by Con- gress, or established by other competent authority. The acceptance must be accompanied by the oath of office prescribed by law. (R. 8., Sees. 1386, 1387, 1388.) APPOINTMENTS AND PROMOTIONS. 439 8. The acceptance of an appointment as clerk shall be considered as binding such person to serve with the officer who nominated him until regularly discharged by the Department. 4. Pay officers shall be responsible for the character and fitness of the clerks they nominate. SECTION 2. PROMOTION. Art. 1698. All officers of the Navy, to be eligible for promotion, shall pass a Qualm cation* . . . for promotion. physical examination, and, subsequently, before a board of exam- iners, such professional examination as the Secretary of the Navy may from time to time prescribe, which shall include an examina- tion of their records of service, the reports from their commanding officers, and all other matter affecting them which may have been placed on the files and records of the Department since the date of their last promotion. (B. S., Sees. 1493-1510.) Art. 1699. When a vacancy occurs which will entitle to promotion an officer Physical ezam- who is abroad on duty, he may be examined physically while on a stetio. n foreign foreign station by a board appointed by the Secretary of the Navy. OHAPTEE XXXYIIL BOARDS. SECTION 1. ORGANIZATION AND GENERAL PROCEDURE. Art. 1700. Officers on boards will take their seats in tlie same order of rank Precedence of members. or seniority as on courts-martial. Art. 1701. 1. The senior member or president of a board shall preserve order, Duties of senior decide upon matters relating to the routine of business, such as a recess, and may adjourn the board from day to day, at and to such hours as, in his judgment, will be most convenient and proper for the transaction of the business before it. 2. Should an objection be made by any other member of the board Equality of to a recess or adjournment announced by the senior officer, a vote shall be taken with regard to it, and the decision of the majority shall govern. Art. 1702. No board shall transact any other business than" an adjournment Quorum, unless at least two-thirds of the members be present. Art. 1703. 1. No member of a board shall fail in his attendance at the ap- Unauthorized i 11 ,11*11 absence forbidden. pointed times, unless he be prevented by illness or by some insuper- able difficulty, or be ordered away by competent authority, or be ex- cused by the officer ordering the board, except that a short temporary absence may be allowed by the senior member of the board. 2. In case of such failure, the senior officer present of the board is Report t o con- to inform the officer ordering the board of the fact, and also of the ven ' ng authc reasons for the failure, if known to him, in order that the vacancy may be filled, if necessary. Art. 1704. A member absent during the investigation 'of any matter or case Members not to shall not vote upon a decision with regard to it; but, if necessary to unless. *" nce> arrive at a conclusion, a reinvestigation may take place in the pres- ence of that member and of the interested parties. Art. 1705. Members shall not leave the vicinity of the place at which a board Leaving vicinity is assembled, unless authorized to do so by the officer who convened it, or by his superior. 442 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art 1706. Recorder, ap- A competent person shall be appointed by the officer who orders iuttefof! the board to record its transactions and, under its direction, to draw up the final report, which shall be based upon the opinion of the ma- jority. Such report shall be signed by all the concurring members. Authentication Those who do not concur shall append their reasons for dissent, and of report. . ., ., . subscribe their names thereto. Art 1707. junior member On boards of survey, and on other boards when a recorder shall to act as recorder , . ., . ,, when none is ap- not have been named in the convening order, the junior member P inted - shall act as recorder; but the reports, based upon the opinion of the majority, shall be drawn up by the senior member and shall be signed as provided for in the preceding article. SECTION 2. EXAMINING BOARD. Art. 1708. Examining At stated or convenient periods boards will be convened for the ex- boards authorized. animation of candidates for appointment or promotion, and such can- didates will be duly informed of the time and place of meeting. Art. 1709. Composition of 1. Boards for the professional examination of officers for promotion ' shall consist of not less than three officers senior in rank to the officer to be examined, and they will, when practicable, be selected from the same corps as that to which the candidate belongs. 2. The mental, moral, and professional examination of candidates for appointment to fill vacancies in the lower grades of the medical, pay, and other staff corps, not filled by graduates of the Naval Acad- emy, will be conducted by boards similarly constituted. Art. 1710. interpreter. A competent officer of any branch of the service will be added, if necessary, to any board by which candidates are to be examined in a foreign language, or before which an investigation may take place wherein the services of an interpreter may be required. Art. 1711. statutes regard- l. No line officer below the grade of commodore, and no officer not of the line, shall be promoted to a higher grade on the active list of the Navy until his mental, moral, and professional fitness to perform all his duties at sea have been established to the satisfaction of a board of examining officers appointed by the President. (Sec. 1496, B.S.) 2. In time of peace, no person shall be promoted from the list of commodores to the grade of rear admiral, on the active list, until his mental, moral, and professional fitness to perform all his duties at sea has been established as provided in the preceding section. (Sec. 1497, R 8.) BOARDS. 443 Art. 1712. 1. No officer on the active list of the Navy can be promoted to a Medical boards, higher grade on that list until his physical condition shall have been determined by a board of medical officers, and he shall have been pronounced by them physically fully qualified to perform all his duties at sea. 2. If, however, the physical disqualification of any officer shall be Physical digquaii- reported by said medical board to have been caused by wounds, re- ceived in the line of his duty, which do not incapacitate him for other duties in the next higher grade, he shall not be excluded from the promotion to which he would otherwise be entitled. Art. 1713. The medical board will furnish to the board appointed to examine Medical board to candidates professionally, a list of all such as shall be found physi- toTolrd^o'f'exam- cally unfit for appointment in the service or for promotion on the inera - active list, and also a certificate of fitness of every candidate who may pass the physical examination. Art. 1714. The board of examiners, before proceeding to investigate the pro- Medical certffl- fessional fitness of a candidate, must receive and append to the record pendld to record?** of their proceedings the certificate of the medical board that he is physically qualified for appointment or promotion. Art. 1715. 1. The board of examiners shall be duly organized and sworn in Organization and each case in the manner provided for naval courts-martial. (See Art. pro( 1724.) 2. The board shall have power to take testimony, and to examine Written and oral all matters on the files and records of the Department in relation to ** any officer whose case shall be considered by them. 3. Interrogatories regarding the mental, moral, and professional fitness of officers subject to examination preliminary to promotion, shall be sent by the Bureau of Navigation to all commanding officers under whom they have served since their last promotion. If necessary or requested, interrogatories shall also be sent to offi- cers, their seniors, with whom they have served, other than command- ing officers. Answers to said interrogatories shall be made under oath, shall be filed in the Bureau of Navigation as part of the officer's record, and shall be submitted to the board of examiners for its consideration, and to be attached to the proceedings in the case. Any officer may be called before the board to give evidence, if deemed necessary. 4. Witnesses, when summoned, shall be sworn by the president of Witne*. the board. 444 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Eight of candi- 5. Any officer whose case may be brought before the board, shall date to be present. . ., . , . , A .*i_ j j ^ i_. A have the right to be present, if he so desire, and to submit a state- ment of his case on oath. Record. 6. The statement of such officer, if any be made, all questions pro- pounded to him, and his answers thereto, with the testimony of all witnesses in the case, shall be entered in the record of the proceedings. NO officer to be 7. ]Sf o officer shall be rejected until after such public examination rejected without examination. of himself and of the records of the Navy Department in his case, unless he shall fail to appear before the board, after having been duly notified. The responsibii- 8. The onus of establishing professional fitness shall be held to rest Ity of the officers _, A . , under examination entirely upon the officer under examination. The mental and moral and of the board. f}t nesg o f the candidate shall be assumed unless a doubt shall be raised on either head, in the mind of any member of the board, either from his own knowledge of the candidate, from the answers contained in any of the "interrogatories", from the general reputation of the candidate, or from other sources. It shall be held obligatory upon any member of the board to decline to recommend the promotion of an officer until he be satisfied of the officer's entire mental, moral, and professional fitness for promotion. The board, while careful not to do injustice to an officer regarding whom there is any doubt, shall take equal care to safeguard the honor and dignity of the service, recommending no officer for promotion as to whose fitness a doubt exists. Authenticat ion 9. The record of proceedings will be signed by all the members and And transmission. the recorder and be transmitted, together with all reports of qualifi- cations and other documentary evidence required for the information of the revising authority, to the Judge Advocate General of the Navy, to whom will also be submitted any questions of law arising before the board, or any communications relating to their proceedings. Art. 1716. Revision by the Any matter on files and records of the Navy Department touching each case which may, in the opinion of the board, be necessary to assist them in making up their judgment, shall, together with the whole record and finding, be presented to the President of the United States for his approval or disapproval of the finding. Art. 1717. Form of recom- Examining boards shall report their recommendation of any officer cribed by law. for promotion in the following form: "We hereby certify that has the mental, moral, and professional qualifications to perform efficiently all the duties, both at sea and on shore, of the grade to which he is to be promoted, and recommend him for promo- tion". (Sec. 1504, R. S.) BOARDS. 445 SECTION 3. RETIRING BOARDS Art. 1718. 1. Whenever any officer of the Navy, on being ordered to perform Authorization of the duties appropriate to his commission, shall report himself unable b( to comply with such order, or whenever, in the judgment of the President of the United States, an officer is incapacitated to perform the duties of his office, the President, at his discretion, is empowered to direct the Secretary of the Navy to refer the case of such officer to a board of not more than nine nor less than five commissioned Composition. officers, two-fifths of whom shall be members of the medical corps of the Navy. Said board, except the officers taken from the medical corps, shall be composed, as far as may be, of seniors in rank to the officer whose disability is the subject of inquiry. 2. The said retiring board shall be authorized to inquire into and Powers and du- determine the facts touching the nature and occasion of the disability tlesof - of any such officer, and shall have such powers of a court-martial and of a court of inquiry as may be necessary. 3. The members of said board shall be sworn in each case to dis- Oath of members, charge their duties honestly and impartially. 4. When said retiring board shall find an officer incapacitated for Finding and re- active service, it shall also find and report the cause which, in its port * judgment, produced his incapacity, and whether such cause is an incident of the service. 5. A record of proceedings and the decision of the board, in each Authentication case, duly authenticated by the signatures of every member, shall be *< re sent to the Judge Advocate General, and by him transmitted to the Presiden t. Secretary of the Navy, to be laid before the President of the United States for his decision in the case. Art. 1719. 1. A retiring board for officers of the Marine Corps is by law re- Retiring board of J marine ofhcere. quired to be assembled by the Secretary of the Navy, under the direction of the President of the United States. 2. The board must consist of tiot more than nine nor less than five Composition, commissioned officers, two-fifths of whom shall be selected from the medical corps of the Navy, and the remainder from officers of the Marine Corps senior in rank, so far as may be, to the officer whose disability is to be inquired into. 3. The retiring board of officers for the Marine Corps shall have the Powers and duties, same powers and duties as retiring boards for officers of the Navy, and shall be in all respects governed by the provisions of Art. 1718, pars. 2, 3, 4, and 5. SECTION 4. BOARDS OF INVESTIGATION. Art. 1720. 1. Officers commanding shore stations and ships on detached ser- investigation of vice, not being empowered to order courts of inquiry, are required to casualtu 446 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. order a board of three officers to investigate any casualty, occurrence, or transaction in regard to which the Department should be informed. Be port of pro- 2. The board so ordered shall make a report in writing presenting fully, clearly, and as concisely as possible all the facts they were called to look into, which report, signed by the members of the board and approved by the officer who convened it, will be forwarded by such officer to the Secretary of the Navy. A copy of every such report will be entered in the journal of the station, or in the logbook of the ship in which the investigation shall be made. Limitations of 3. It is to be understood that boards of this kind, although they may collect material information from apparent or known facts, or from written evidence which they may possess, are not authorized to examine witnesses on oath but may record their declarations. SECTION 5. BOARDS OP INQUEST. Art. 1721. Boards of inquest 1. In all cases of death occurring in the Navy attended with unnatural or suspicious circumstances, the senior officer present shall order a board of inquest to assemble and investigate the matter. Composition. 2. Such boards shall be composed of not less than three commis- sioned officers, of whom one, at least, shall be of the medical corps. Oaths not author- 3. Neither the members of the board nor any witnesses that may be examined shall be sworn. Art. 1722. Duties and pro- 1. The board should first proceed to the spot where the body is found, observe its position, examine into its condition, and note its surroundings, for the purpose of discovering if possible some evidence that may tend to throw light upon the matter. Opimonofmedic- 2. The medical member of the board shall be required, after a ai officer required. care f u i examination of the body, to give his opinion as to the cause of death. Making up re- 3. The board shall then assemble in some convenient place, and record all the evidence procurable relative to the manner in which the deceased came to his death. Procedure in case 4. If the body of the deceased shows wounds or bruises such as to nce ' indicate or create suspicion that he came to Ms death by violent means, it will be the duty of the board to ascertain, with as much exactness as possible, the precise nature of the wounds or blows, and of the instrument by which they were inflicted; the person or persons by whom the fatal blow was dealt; if there were any aiders or abet- tors; and such other particulars as may afford the means of drawing up, with the precision required by law, the necessary charges and specifications against the person or persons accused of the homicide. BOARDS. 447 Art. 1723. 1. The following form will be used in recording the proceedings of Form of record. a board of inquest : At a board of inquest assembled by order of , commanding U. S. 8. , on the day of , 18__, at sea (or in the harbor of ), on tin' body of (insert the name and rank or rating), found dead. Present: , President: , . Member: : , Recorder. The order convening the board was read and appended to the record ; and the board having viewed the body, proceeded to take the following evidence : called before the board. QUESTION. State all you know about the death of ANSWER. (The witness withdraws.) Surgeon , U. 8. S. , states that in his opinion the deceased, etc. (The proceedings are here closed.) The board, from a view of the body and from the evidence before it, is of the opinion that died a natural death ; or by the visitation of God ; or was killed by ; or was drowned ; or was murdered by , or by some person or persons unknown ; or committed suicide by ; or otherwise, as the case may be. (To be authenticated by the signatures of all the members and the recorder.) 2. In every case the board will carefully look into and state in the Kecord to show record how far, in their opinion, the death of the individual was oc- c casioned by any act of duty in which he was engaged when it dut y- occurred. SECTION 6. FORM OP OATHS. Art. 1724. The following oaths shall be administered to members and recorders of examining and retiring boards and to witnesses before such boards: 1. To members: "You and each of you solemnly swear (or affirm) that you will honestly and impartially Oath to be taken examine and report upon the case of , U. S. Navy, now before the board and boards 6 for "exami- about to be examined". nation or retire- ment of officers. 2. To recorder: " Ton do solemnly swear (or affirm) that you will keep a true record of the proceeding* of b * th *? ^ e takea this board in the case of , now before the board and about to be examined". 3. To witnesses: " Yon do solemnly swear (or affirm) that yon will make true answers to such questions as u_ JJ j may be put to you in the case of , now under examination by this board". CHAPTEE XXXIX. COURTS OF INQUIRY. SECTION 1. OBJECTS AND CONSTITUTION. Art. 1725. In important cases, where the facts are various and complicated, Object and ad- where there appears to be ground for suspecting criminality, or where crime has been committed, or much blame incurred without any cer- tainty on whom it ought chiefly to fall, a court of inquiry affords the best means of collecting, sifting, and methodizing information for the purpose of enabling the convening authority to decide upon the necessity and expediency of further judicial proceedings. Art. 1726. The power to order courts of inquiry is vested in the President of Power to con- the United States, the Secretary of the Navy, or the commander of a fleet or squadron. Art. 1727. Commanders of fleets or squadrons serving in the waters of the When to be con- vened. United States, although not empowered to order general courts-mar- tial, except by express authority of the President of the United States, are expected on the occurrence of any matter serious enough in their judgment to require thorough investigation, to order a court of in- quiry as soon as practicable, and on the proceedings being closed, to submit them by the earliest opportunity to the Secretary of the Navy, in order that he may act advisedly in any course he may think proper to pursue. Art. 1728. A court of inquiry shall consist of not more than three commissioned Composition of officers as members, and of a judge advocate, or person officiating as K such. Art. 1729. The composition of the court, either in regard to the rank of its Bank and corps members or the department of the service to which they belong, should be regulated by the circumstances to be inquired into. In case the conduct or character of an officer may be implicated in the investigation, the members of the court should not be, if possible, inferior in rank to that officer. And should such officer not be an officer of the line, it is proper, if the exigencies of the service will permit, that one or more officers of the department to which he be- longs should be detailed for duty on the court. 449 1344829 450 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1730. Procedure in case Should the number of members named in the order convening the number. court be reduced, the court can not proceed without authority from the officer who convened it. Art. 1731. Detail of orderly. At the request of the president of the court, the captain of the ves- sel or commandant of the navy yard or station on board of, or at which, the court is held shall direct an orderly to attend upon its meetings and execute its orders. Art. 1732. Powere. A court of inquiry has power to summon witnesses, administer oaths, and punish contempts, in the same manner as courts-martial; but shall only state facts, and shall not give an opinion, unless expressly re- quired to do so in the order convening it. Art. 1733. Facts defined. When a court is required to report facts, it is not to be understood that the bare record of the testimony is meant, but also the result and conclusion of the court from hearing the evidence. Art. 1734. Duties of presi- It is the duty of the president of a court of inquiry to administer the oath to the judge advocate and to the witnesses, to preserve order, to decide upon matters relating to the routine of business, and to adjourn the court from day to day, as, in his judgment, will be most convenient and proper for the transaction of the business before it; but should objection be made by any member of the court to an ad- journment announced by the president, the question shall be submitted to and decided by the court. Art. 1735. Duties of judge It is the duty of a judge advocate of a court of inquiry 1. To summon all the witnesses required for the investigation, and to lay before the court a list of them. 2. To administer the oath or affirmation to the members of the court, according to the form prescribed by Article 58, for the govern- ment of the Navy, and himself to take the oath or affirmation required by said article. 3. To record the proceedings of the court under its direction and control, and to append original documents or authenticated copies thereof to the record. 4. To put the questions to the several witnesses. 5. To assist the court in systematizing the information it may re- ceive; to minute in the proceedings the opinion of the court, if called for; and to render to the court such assistance as will enable it to lay all the circumstances of the case before the convening authority in a clear and explicit manner. 6. In conjunction with the president of the court, to authenticate the proceedings by his signature. COUETS OF INQUIRY. 451 SECTION 2. METHOD OF PROCEDURE. Art. 1736. 1. Courts of inquiry will assemble as nearly as practicable at the b . Rnle f aseym - time and place named in the order convening them. 2. The court on first assembling is usually closed until the order Precept and in- s t r u c ti o us to be constituting it, and the instructions contained therein, are read, and read, the original of said order will be attached to the proceedings. 3. The mode of procedure having been decided upon by the court, Parties intro- the complainant (if there be one) and the accused shall be called in, and the complaint or subject to be investigated shall be communicated to the accused party. 4. Whether the investigation shall be held in open court or not must whether open or depend on the nature of the matter to be examined, and, if not speci- decided? 01 ^*' fled by the convening authority, will be decided by the court. 5. The judge advocate, as recorder, is prosecutor in the case, but Complainant ai- , . ,. ,. ,, , , , ,, , , . lowed to be present. the complainant or accuser (if there be any) may be allowed to remain in court and make suggestions to the judge advocate. 6. The parties before a court of inquiry, both the accuser and the Counsel allowed, defendant, may be allowed to have friends or counsel present during open court. 7. A member of a court of inquiry may be challenged for cause by Challenge of ... member. either party. Art. 1737. 1. "With the sanction of the convening authority, a court of inquiry Employment of may avail itself of the services of a reporter or interpreter, but such preter. er person or persons shall be sworn, and shall not be allowed to be pres- ent in closed court. 2. There being no form of oath fixed by statute, the following may be administered by the judge advocate: I. " You, A. B., swear (or affirm) faithfully to perform the duty of Oath of reporter, clerk or reporter in aiding the judge advocate to take and record the proceedings of the court, either in short hand or ordinary manuscript". II. "You, A. B., swear faithfully and truly to interpret or translate Oath of interpre- in all cases in which you shall be required so to do between the ter ' United States and the accused". Art. 1738. 1. An officer whose conduct is to be investigated by a court of in- Accused may be quiry need not necessarily be put or kept under suspension or arrest taJr^eYi^Tbe a for that purpose; he may, however, if necessary, at his own request, rested - be excused by his superior or commanding officer from attending to the particular duties of his position during such an investigation. 2. It is the right of the accused to be present at the investigation, Mft y be present, although it is not obligatory upon him to take any part in the inquiry, unless he prefers to do so. He can not, however, refuse to obey an order directing him to appear before the court. 452 II. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1739. Witnesses to be 1. When the court is ready to proceed with the investigation, the witnesses shall be called before it separately, and the president of the court shall administer to them severally the oath (or affirmation) pre- scribed for witnesses before general courts-martial, fa^ts 8peak nly to ^' Witnesses should be cautioned before giving their testimony, to testify only to facts which are within their own knowledge. 7 ' h W 3> The testimon y is to be regularly taken down in writing, and, as far as the nature of the case will admit, the same rule of procedure is to be followed as in general courts-martial. Order of exam- 4. Each witness shall be examined in the usual order, viz: mat ion of wit- nesses. I. By the party calling the witness. II. By the opposite party. III. By the court. Art. 1740. Order in taking The evidence on the part of the prosecution is to be first taken, after which the accused shall be asked if he has anything to offer on the subject or any evidence to produce. Art. 1741. Accused not call- 1. The accused shall be allowed, if he so desires, to testify in his ed to criminate i_ .**. it. j n i i_.i_ himself. own behalf, but he may decline to answer any questions which may tend to criminate himself. Privilege of ac- 2. It is also optional with the accused to abstain from putting any questions to witnesses, either on examination in chief or on cross examination; he is equally at liberty to decline making any statement to the court touching his alleged misconduct. Publication of 3. In case, however, the accused should think proper to lay before the court a general statement or defense, he is strictly forbidden to publish it, or cause or permit it to be published, until final action shall be had in his case. Art. 1742. Copy of proceed- Neither the accuser" nor the accused can demand a copy of the pro- ceedings. The evidence, of whatever nature, is intended only for the officer convening the court. Art. 1743. When parties The examination of witnesses being finished, the parties before the may address court. cQurt arg to be a j lowed an opportunity of addressing the court, if they desire to do so. Art. 1744. Proceedings and Finally, the court having been cleared and the proceedings read 8 tO be over for the purpose of aiding the memory of the court, the instruc- tions contained in the order by which it is constituted should also be carefully examined and scrupulously followed. COURTS OF INQUIRY. 453 Art. 1745. After mature deliberation on the testimony recorded on the trial, Report of the court. the court shall proceed to report the facts, and, if so directed, an opinion on the merits of the case, and the propriety or expediency, or other- wise, of further judicial action. Art. 1746. The proceedings of a court of inquiry must be authenticated by the Authentica MOD signatures of the president and the judge advocate of the court only, and are then to be submitted for the consideration of the officer con- vening the court; after which the court may adjourn temporarily, to await his further instructions. Art. 1747. The proceedings may be revised as often as the convening authority Revision, shall think necessary, and new evidence may be received and re- corded on every occasion; and on the reassembling of the court, it may recall and reexamine any of the previous witnesses with a view to eliciting all possible information of which the case admits. Art. 1748. As expression of opinion by a member of a court of inquiry might Opinion of court . . ,. H , .:. , . , not to be disclosed. prejudice the accused party in case of trial by court-martial, it is held to be highly irregular, and a breach of discipline on the part of any member to disclose or publish the opinion either of the court or of the individual members thereof, without the sanction of the officer to whom the proceedings have been submitted. Art. 1749. The court is dissolved by the authority that ordered it to convene. Dissolution of court. Art. 1750. , to be sent after reviewing authority, shall be forwarded direct to and filed in the office final action. of the Judge Advocate General. SECTION 3. INQUIRY INTO THE Loss OK GROUNDING OF A SHIP OF THE NAVY. Art. 1751. Whenever a court shall be appointed to inquire into the cause of , In 9>;7 Into th e loss of ships. the loss of a ship, or of her having touched the ground, the following points are, invariably, to be included in the investigation: 1. The rough logbook, captain's night order book, and the chart Documentary by which the ship was navigated, or one of the same, must, if practi- quired!* cable, be produced in court. 2. The court will investigate whether the proper chart, provided Latest determi- by the Bureau of Navigation, was used; whether the position of the BUion"! Ol ship at the last favorable opportunity was accurately determined by observation or otherwise ; and if not, when it was last accurately ascer- tained. 454 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Logbook to be 3. The court shall also determine whether the courses steered by the examined in refer- ence to the course standard compass, corrected for local deviation, and the distances run on the day before the ship grounded, were correctly inserted in the logbook; also, when the error for local deviation was last obtained. when land was 4. if land W as seen, and the distance estimated before the ship made what steps ... , . , were taken to cor- struck, it is to be ascertained what steps were taken during the time rect the run. it wag in g.^ to correct the ship's run. whether naval 5. The court will rigidly investigate the manner in which the in- instructions have been obeyed. structions contained in the regulations, to officers commanding ships on approaching land, have been observed. Art. 1752. Examination of The navigator, or some other competent officer of the ship on board the ship s position. of which the court shall be held, is to be directed to work up the reckoning of the ship, the loss or grounding of which may be the sub- ject of injury, from the data obtained from her navigating officer, to enable the court to fix the true position of the ship at the time of her taking the ground. Result of exami- 2. The officer appointed to perform this duty will submit to the writing and on court in writing, attested by his signature, the result of his work, to oath ' the accuracy of which he shall be sworn. The position of the ship so determined shall be laid off on the chart by which she was navi- gated, as also her position when ashore, as determined by cross-bear- ings taken from the logbook. The rate and direction of the tide stream and the time of tide should be stated, if possible. Art. 1753. Documents to ac- The documents referred to in the foregoing article, with an attested company record. extract from the log, commencing at least forty-eight hours before the ship touched the ground, are to accompany the record of the court. Art. 1754. Official report of i. Whenever inquiry is to be made into the grounding or loss of a required. ship, the court will call for the official report of the captain of such ship containing the narrative of the disaster, and this report shall be read in court in presence of the captain and of such of the surviving officers and crew as can be assembled. Questions to be 2. After these survivors have been sworn as witnesses, the follow- ing questions will be put to them, respectively, by the court: of the command- I. (To the captain.) Is the narrative just read to the court a true statement of the grounding (or wreck) of the United States late ship, the - ? II. (To the captain.) Have you any complaint to make against any of the surviving officers and crew of the said ship on that occasion ? of the surviving III. (To the surviving officers and crew.) Have you anything to officers and crew. o bj ec t to the narrative just read to the court, or anything to lay to the charge of any officer or man with regard to the loss of the United States late ship, the - ? CHAPTER XL. SUMMARY COURTS-MARTIAL. Art. 1755. Summary courts-martial may be ordered upon petty officers and , persons of inferior ratings, by the captain of any ship, the comman- established, dant of any navy yard or naval station, or the officer commanding any marine barracks to which they belong, for the trial of offenses which such officers may deem deserving of greater punishment than they are by law authorized to inflict, but not sufficient to require trial by general court-martial. Art. 1756. 1. Summary courts-martial have no power to try capital cases, nor limits of commissioned or warrant officers, and, as by law courts-martial are required "in all cases of conviction to adjudge a punishment adequate to the nature of the offense", it follows that summary courts-martial should not be convened to take cognizance of offenses the proper punishment for which, in case of conviction, would be more severe than such courts are authorized to inflict. 2. It should be kept in view that while a general court-martial can Punishments .... '., _ i_ ^. n common to general legally impose any punishment which a summary court is empowered and summary to award, the latter can inflict no other punishments than those spec- courts - martial - ified therefor in the Articles for the Government of the Navy. Art. 1757. 1. A summary court-martial shall consist of three'officers not below Constitution of the rank of ensign as members, and of an officer who shall act as re- court - corder. The convening authority may order any officer under his command to act as recorder. The senior member of the court shall preside. 2. In case it should be necessary to order a summary court-martial Deficiency of on board of a ship or at a barracks which has not officers enough of Applied"' h W the required rank on duty to compose a court, the senior officer pres- ent may order a sufficient number of officers of the proper grade to report for temporary duty to the captain of the ship or commanding officer of the post in which the deficiency shall exist, in order that he may appoint them members of the court. 3. When a noncommissioned officer, musician, or private of the Marine officers to Marine Corps, is to be tried by a summary court, it is deemed proper, bersfwhen? 8 ' if the exigencies of the service will permit, that one or more marine officers should be detailed as members. 455 456 U. S. NAVY EEGULATIONS. Art. 1758. Trials not to be "Whenever an officer empowered to order a summary court-martial unnecessarily de- layed, decides that a trial shall take place, it is his duty to convene the court with the least possible delay. Form of oonven- 2. This shall be done by a brief written order, addressed by such officer to the senior member of the court, stating the names and rank of the members of the court and of the recorder, and the time and place of meeting, and by written or verbal orders to the other members of the court and the recorder. Art. 1759. Detail of orderly, At the request of the senior member of the court, the captain of the ship or the commandant of the yard, station, or barracks where it is held, will direct an orderly to be detailed to attend the meetings of the court and execute its orders. Art. 1760. witnesses, how Witnesses are to be summoned by the recorder through the execu- tive or their immediate commanding officer, and the summons must be obeyed. Art. 1761. Copy of specifl- As soon as practicable after a trial is determined upon, and, if pos- cation to be fur- nished accused. sible, twenty- four hours before the court shall assemble, the accused shall be furnished with a copy of the specification of the offense or offenses alleged against him. The recorder will notify the officer of the deck of the ship on board of which the accused may be confined, or the' officer of the day at a marine barracks, that this rule has been complied with, in order that the proper entry may be made in the log- book or journal, and he shall likewise certify to the same effect on the original specification. Art. 1762. Specification to The specification must be as brief as practicable, and describe the alleged offense or offenses in such plain and explicit terms that the accused may know what he has to answer, and the court what it is to inquire into; and all offenses or misconduct committed at any one time by the same person, and intended to be charged against him, must be comprised in the same specification, which must be approved before trial by the officer who shall convene the court. Art. 1763. Proceedings, how The proceedings of summary courts-martial shall be conducted with as much conciseness and precision as may be consistent with the ends of justice, and under such forms and rules as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Navy with the approval of the President; and where applicable and consistent therewith, the forms of procedure and rules of evidence observed by general courts-martial will be fol- lowed. SUMMARY COURTS-MARTIAL. 457 Art. 1764. 1. The order for convening the court, and also the original specifi- C0 urf e \o 0n be 6n ap* cation, approved and signed by the officer ordering the court, must pended to record, be appended to the record. 2. If, however, more than one case is to be tried by the same court, Record of each I ' case to be made up the order is to be referred to in each case subsequent to the first, so separately. as to show that the proceedings are continuous, and the record of each case must be made up separately. Art. 1765. It is the duty of the recorder to ask the accused if he objects to any Challenge of member of the court. If any such objection be made, the recorder will so state it in the record, and the court, if it thinks fit, will make the objection known to the officer ordering the court, who will, at his discretion, order another member or continue the one objected to. Art. 1766. 1. Before proceeding to trial the oaths or affirmations required by . Oaths of mem- bers and recorder. law will be administered as follows: 1. By the recorder to the members of the court. II. By the senior member of the court to the recorder. And the record shall always show that such oaths or affirmations were duly administered to each member and to the recorder in pres- ence of the accused. 2. If more than one case be tried by the same court, in each case Oaths to be ad- the prescribed oath shall be administered anew to the members and Sww'tried. "' recorder of the court. Art. 1767. 1. At the proper stage of the proceedings the recorder will inform The defense, the accused that he will be allowed counsel to advise and assist him, i ^d\he accused" and if he request it, the court may allow a commissioned, warrant, or petty officer to appear as counsel, and cross examine witnesses in his behalf. But all such questions shall be reduced to writing, and be read by the recorder. 2. Neither written defense nor argument, nor any protracted oral NO elaborate de- defense, shall be admitted, but the substance of an oral statement avowed! w may be entered on the record by the recorder. 3. The recorder of a summary court-martial shall regard himself Recorder to ad- as counsel for the accused, in precisely the same manner, and to the same extent, as the judge advocate of a general court-martial is re- quired to act. "Whenever the court is cleared for deliberation, he shall withdraw. Art. 1768. The accused shall not be called upon to plead to the specification, Accused to be but is to be considered as having plead "not guilty"; and if he vol- Jn untarily pleads "guilty", the court is to proceed with the trial as guilty", though he had plead " not guilty". 458 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1769. Testimony to be All witnesses before summary courts-martial must be sworn or given on oath _ , , . . . , . . . , ,. orally. affirmed before giving their testimony, which must be delivered orally. The oath must be administered by the senior member of the court in presence of all its members and of the accused, in the form Oath, how and prescribed by law; and the recorder must state that each witness was tered h m ** Btafa " sworn according to law, and in the presence of the accused. Art. 1770. Procedure when 1. Should a member of the court, or the recorder, be a witness for a member is a wit- , . , . . , . , , , _ ness. the prosecution, his testimony should be the first taken. 2. If the senior member becomes a witness, the member next in rank is to administer the oath and preside temporarily. The recorder a 3. If the recorder becomes a witness he is to record his own testi- mony. In the above cases it shall be noted upon the conclusion of his evidence that the witness resumes his seat as member or as recorder. Art. 1771. NO documentary No testimony not clearly relevant is to be admitted, nor shall any or irrelevant testi- j * j ^ i_ JJA mony to be admit- documentary evidence be read to the court or be appended to the ted - record. Art. 1772. Finding and pun- The court may find the accused guilty of the whole or of any part ishment of offenses .... . , by the court. of the misconduct charged, according to the evidence, and adjudge punishment for so much as shall be found proved. Art. 1773. rinding and sen- In drawing up the finding and sentence, the recorder will be careful up'exptoitiy. ra to use clear and explicit terms, declaring exactly what facts are proved or not proved, and, if proved, the punishment awarded, according to the provisions of the law. Art. 1774. Directions as to 1. In awarding the punishment of " deprivation of liberty on shore " ment! "Deprivation on a foreign station, the court will not exceed the limit of three of liberty. months. Confinement in 2. Confinement in double irons is a severe punishment, and, as a rule, should not be resorted to, at least not for any considerable period, except where the offense has been grave or the offender has given indications of being incorrigible after the infliction of milder punish- ment. Confinement on 3. Summary courts will exercise care and discretion in resorting to bread and water. ^e p un i s h m entof confinement on bread and water, and will not award it in any case for a longer period, consecutively, than five days. Medical certifi- 4. Whenever any person shall be sentenced for a period exceeding cate required. ^ en a y S t o confinement on diminished rations, or on bread and water, there must appear on the face of the record of the proceedings the certificate of a medical officer to the effect that such sentence will not be seriously injurious to the health of the accused. SUMMARY COURTS-MARTIAL. 459 5. Summary courts-martial are restricted in their sentences to the Parts of two or . , . .. ,, . , . , . . , , , . . more sentences not punishments specifically authorized to be inflicted by such courts in to be combined, the Articles for the Government of the Navy. Parts of two or more punishments are not to be assigned, except as prescribed by those articles. 6. In the case of a person found guilty of incompetency, the sen- Pisrating for in- ,,.... j T_ ^ i competency maa- tence of disrating is mandatory, and such sentence is the only author- datory. ized punishment therefor. Art. 1775. 1. The officer who orders a summary court-martial has power to Remission of sen- remit, in part, or altogether, but not to commute, the sentence of the convening author- court. Ity - 2. It is his duty either to remit any part or the whole of any sen- Duty to remit in tence, the execution of which would, in the opinion of the senior medical officer, given in writing, produce serious injury to the health of the person sentenced; or, to submit the case again, without delay, to the same, or to another summary court. 3. If a new court be ordered, it is restricted in its action to a reviewal Revision by new of the record of the former trial and a redetermination of the sentence. cc No further testimony is to be admitted. Art. 1776. 1. No sentence of a summary court-martial shall be carried into Approval of sen- execution until the proceedings and sentence have been approved by the officer ordering the court, and by the commander in chief, or in his absence by the senior officer present. 2. Should no officer senior to himself be present, that fact will be Absence of senior signified by the officer ordering the court, in approving or disapprov- oi cer> how nc ing the proceedings, in the following manner: " The proceedings and sentence of the court in the case of , are approved ", (or disapproved), etc. -, Commander U. S. Navy, Commanding U. S. , and senior officer present. 3. Such formal approval is final, except as to loss of pay, and sen- Execution of sen- tences and parts of sentences not affected by the following article teuce - may be carried into execution at once. Art. 1777. 1. Sentences of summary courts or parts thereof, which involve loss LOSS of pay to of pay, in direct terms, cannot lawfully be executed until approved retaly oT^Navy" by the Secretary of the Navy, and must, therefore, be referred to him. This reference is to be briefly and legibly indorsed upon the record by the officer who first revises the proceedings. In such cases the same formal approval of the proceedings by the officer who first revises the proceedings, and the senior officer present is required, as if he had power finally to confirm the sentence. 2. But the disapproval of the loss of pay by either of these officers Disapproval of is final. lose of i* a y final - 460 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art 1778. Record. Records of proceedings of summary courts are to be kept and made up in the same manner as is hereinafter prescribed in regard to the records of general courts-martial. All such proceedings are required to be transmitted direct to the Judge Advocate General. Art. 1779. resolution of The court is dissolved by the authority that ordered it to convene, and generally by verbal order only. CHAPTEE XLI. GENERAL COURTS-MARTIAL. SECTION 1. CONSTITUTION OP COURT. Art. 1780. 1. General courts-martial may be convened by the President, by the By whom con- Secretary of the Navy, or by the commander in chief of a fleet or v< squadron. 2. The exercise of this power by commanders in chief within the Limitation of this waters of the United States is forbidden except by express authority P wer - from the President; but this authority is usually granted, and when- ever exercised the fact of express authorization must be stated in the convening order. Art 1781. The Revised Statutes and acts of Congress passed subsequent to Laws relating to December 1, 1873, are the only laws which define the powers and naTal court8 ' etc - duties and regulate the organization and mode of procedure of courts- martial (general or summary), of courts of inquiry and of naval boards. Art. 1782. 1. A general court-martial shall consist of not more than thirteen Composition of nor less than five commissioned officers as members; and as many Limitation as r to officers, not exceeding thirteen (any five of whom shall be empowered numl > er rank, and to act), as can be convened without injury to the service, shall be sum- moned on every such court. But in no case, when it can be avoided without injury to the service, shall more than one-half, exclusive of the president, be junior to the officer to be tried. The senior officer shall always preside, and the others shall take place according to their rank. 2. In detailing officers for a general court-martial for the trial of a medical, pay, marine, or engineer officer, it is deemed proper, if the exigencies of the service will permit, that at least one-third of the court shall be composed of officers of the same department or corps as the person to be tried. No officer should be named in the precept Possibility of as a member, against whom either the judge advocate or the accused chal 'e n f e to guarded against. can reasonably object when called upon to exercise the privilege of challenge. Art. 1783. 1. A statement that "no other officers than those named can be statement to be assembled without injury to the service" shall be an essential part of the order convening the court, as showing that the requirements of the statutes relating both to the number and rank of members have been complied with as far as the interests of the service allow. 461 462 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Limitations dis- 2. The limitation as to the number, rank, or corps of the members is discretionary with the appointing power, and his decision thereupon is final. Art. 1784. Members exempt i. Officers detailed for duty on general courts-martial or courts of from other duty. inquiry are, while so serving, exempt from other duty, except in cases of emergency to be judged of by their immediate commanding officer, who will, in case he requires such officer to perform other duty, at once communicate with the officer ordering the court, assigning the reasons for his action. 2. When a general court-martial or court of inquiry adjourns with- out day, or for a period of more than two days, the president of the court shall report the fact to the senior officer present, and the mem- bers of the court will then be liable to other duty. SECTION 2. CHARGES AND SPECIFICATIONS. Art. 1785. Framing the 1. It is entirely within the discretion of the officer empowered to co'uveningTuthor- convene a court-martial to direct what portions of the complaint against lt y- an accused shall be charged against him. 2. When, therefore, such competent officer shall decide to have a party tried by court-martial, he will cause such charges and specifica- tions against him to be prepared as he may consider proper, and will transmit a true copy of them with an order for the arrest or confine- fur nlshtd with ment of the accused, to the proper officer, who will deliver such order aVtlmTofarrest 86 to tlie accused, and will carry it into effect by delivering to him the copy of the charges and specifications, and if an officer, by receiving his sword. Art. 1786. Kuies for fram- 1. In drawing up the charges and specifications, all extraneous t?ueand r ra'ccinc't? matter is to be carefully avoided, and nothing shall be alleged but that which is culpable and which the prosecution is prepared to substan- tiate before a court-martial. Facts in distinct 2. Facts of a perfectly distinct nature must not be included in one nature, o arg- ^^ ^g same charge and specification of a charge, but each different fact shall be the subject of a distinct charge and specification. Not necessary to 3. It is not necessary to specify in a charge that an offense was corn- refer to articles of . . . . , war, but language mitted in breach of any particular article or statute for the govern- used" 5 article to ** ment of the Navy, but whenever the allegation comes directly under any enactment it should be set forth in the terms used therein. Offenses not spe- 4. When the off ense is a neglect or disorder not specially provided hov/charged. "' for, it should be charged as "scandalous conduct tending to the destruc- tion of good morals", or " conduct to the prejudice of good order and discipline". Figures, etc., to 5. No part of the charges or specifications should be in figures; all hmgth"* k * numbers, dates, proper names, titles, and the like must be written at lengtk and without abbreviation. GENERAL COURTS-MARTIAL. 463 6. In cases where the law has adopted certain expressions to show intention should ... ... , . . ~, . ... , ., . . . , , , . be expressed in the the intent with which an offense is committed, the intent should be ex- language of t h e pressed by the technical word prescribed. For example, a charge made law- against an officer for making or for signing a false muster must be laid to have been done "knowingly"; and for embezzling or wasting public property, to have been done "fraudulently". (See Arts. 8 and 14, Articles for the Government of the Navy). 7. In all cases in which the law attaches higher criminality to acts where the law committed under particular circumstances, the act must, to bring the c"^nauty facts'" person within the higher degree of punishment, be charged to have been committed under those circumstances, and the circumstances must be stated with certainty and precision. For instance, by Sec- tions 6 and 7, Art. 4, Articles for the Government of the Navy, the penalty of death shall, in time of war, be inflicted for desertion, betrayal of trust, or enticing others to commit these crimes; in a charge, therefore, under one of these sections it must be laid that the offense was committed in time of war. Art. 1787. The specifications of each charge, one or more, must be: Specifications of 1. Brief, clear, and explicit. The facts, circumstances, and intent drawn^p! 1 constituting the offense must be set forth with certainty and precision, and the accused charged directly and positively with having com- mitted it. 2. Certain as to the party accused. He must be described by his title and rank, or rating, Christian name and surname written at full length, with the addition of his vessel or service at the time the offenses with which he shall be charged took place. 3. Certain as to time and place. The time when and place where the alleged offenses occurred should be set forth minutely and pre- cisely. Should any doubt exist in regard to either, it may be set forth in the specification that the act was committed " on or about " such a time, " at or near " such a place, but the limitation as to the date must embrace a reasonable time only. 4. Certain as to the person against whom the offense was com- mitted. In the case of offenses against the person or property of in- dividuals, the Christian name and surname, with the rank and station or duty of such person, if he have any, must be stated at length, if known. If not known, the party injured must be described as a " per- son unknown". 5. Certain as to the facts, circumstances, and, where intent forms an ingredient of the offense, the intent constituting the offense. It is not sufficient that the accused be charged generally with having com- mitted an offense, as for instance, with habitual violation of orders or neglect of duty, but the particular acts or circumstances constituting such offenses must be distinctly set forth in the specifications. 464 U. 8. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1788. Kecitai of writ- 1. Written instruments, where they form part of the gist of the of- ten instruments. ., , . , . , . fense charged, must be set out verbatim, or where part only of the written instrument is included in the offense, that part alone is nec- essary to be set out. Great care is to be taken to set them out correctly. 2. When the substance only is intended to be set out, it should be introduced by the words, " In substance as follows". The word " tenor" implies that a correct copy is set out. 3. Where particular words form the gist of the offense they must be set forth with particularity, or declared to be of the like meaning and purport. Where the language is profane or obscene, its nature may be indicated only in general and becoming terms. Art. 1789. Aiterationginthe \ After a charge has been signed by the proper authority and charges and specifi- J cations. ordered to be investigated, it is not competent for the judge advocate or any other person to make alteration therein, without having first obtained the consent of such authority. 2. If a court-martial considers alteration necessary in a charge or specification laid before it, the same must be submitted for the ap- proval of the authority by whom the original charge was sanctioned, previous to the arraignment of the accused. Art. 1790. Letter transmit- The letter to judge advocate of the court transmitting the charges appended fo record, and specifications on which a party is to be tried, or a properly authenticated copy of the same, must in every case be filed with the charges as a part of the record of the court. SECTION 3. DUTIES AND PRIVILEGES. Art. 1791. The senior mem- 1. The senior officer in rank of a naval general court-martial becomes president thereof by virtue of his rank. Equality of mem- 2. Besides his duties and privileges as a member he is the organ of ntzed. 10 8 the court, and is empowered to keep order, and to speak and act for the court in each case where the rule has been prescribed by law, regulation, or its own resolution. But all the members have equal rights before the court, and therefore, when a question shall be raised in the course of the proceedings, the president shall put it to the court, and it shall be decided by the majority. Art. 1792. Responsibility Although the members of a duly constituted and organized court- of power. mart j a i canno t be dictated to or interfered with in their proceedings by the highest military authority, yet they are collectively and indi- vidually responsible to the civil courts for abuse of power or illegal proceedings. GENERAL COURTS-MARTIAL. 465 Art. 1793. 1. There is no power conferred upon a court-martial by the articles Punishment of of war to punish its own members. For disorderly conduct, a mem- ber is liable as for other offenses against the discipline of the service. 2. The president of the court shall be responsible that all persons Proper treatment ,.,,.., , , . , . , . ,, ensured to all per- called before it are treated in a becoming manner, and in all cases of sons brought he- impropriety, whether in language or behavior, will, if necessary, fore the court - report the offender to the convening authority. Art. 1794. Whenever any person in the naval service refuses to give his Power to punish evidence, or to give it in the manner provided by the Articles for the K Government of the Navy, or prevaricates, or behaves with contempt to the court, it shall be lawful for the court to imprison him for any time not exceeding two months. Art. 1795. Persons who willfully give false evidence upon oath before a court- Perjury or subor- martial, or corruptly suborn others to do so, may be prosecuted in any court of justice in the United States, and punished according to the laws in such cases. Art. 1796. When the proceedings of any general court-martial have com- suspension of pro- menced, they shall not be suspended or delayed on account of the ^^^s 8 - absence of any of the members, provided five or more are assembled; but the court is enjoined to sit from day to day, Sundays excepted, until sentence is given, unless temporarily adjourned by the authority which convened it, to whom report is always to be made when the court shall be reduced to less than five members, or when a longer adjournment than for twenty- four hours shall appear to be necessary. Art. 1797. 1. No member of a general court-martial shall, after the proceed- Ahsence of mem- ings are begun, absent himself therefrom except in case of sickness, ber8 - or of an order to go on duty from a superior officer, on pain of being cashiered. In either of the two cases above specified a certificate of the cause of absence shall be attached to the record. 2. In such case of compulsory temporary absence, the court may custom in case excuse the member so absent from further attendance upon the case of '^^ ab ence of then pending, provided there still remain the legal number of mem- bers present; but should that not be deemed possible or advisable, the requirements of the 47th article of the Articles for the Govern- ment of the Navy shall be strictly complied with. Art. 1798. The temporary absence of the judge advocate at any time during Absence of judge the progress of the trial does not invalidate the proceedings, but as advocate > effe ct of. the court has no authority to detail any person to act as judge advo- 1344830 466 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. cate, it must, in case of his incapacity, adjourn from day to day until he is able to resume his duty or a successor is appointed by the con- vening authority. Art. 1799. Provost marshal. 1. An officer of the Navy not above the grade of lieutenant, or an officer of the Marine Corps not above the grade of captain, shall, upon proper application by the president of a general court-martial, be de- tailed by the commandant of the station or the senior officer present to serve as provost marshal of the court. 2. In case of the trial of a petty officer or person of inferior rating of the Navy, or a noncommissioned officer, musician, or private of marines, the provost marshal may be either a petty officer of the Navy or a noncommissioned officer of marines. Responsibility of 3. When a prisoner in close confinement or arrest is to be brought before the court, the order will be sent by the president of the court to his immediate commanding officer, through the provost marshal, who shall be responsible for such prisoner in transit to and from the place of confinement, and for his safe return to the proper custody, when his presence is not required by the court. other duties of 4. Besides these duties, the provost marshal shall serve notices to provost marshal. tne w it n esses and be in attendance generally as police officer of the court. Art. 1800. Custody of prison- 1. The custody of a prisoner belongs to his immediate commanding officer, and neither a court-martial nor its judge advocate has any authority over the person of a prisoner, except when he is actually before the court. SECTION 4. THE JUDGE ADVOCATE. Art. 1801. Appointment of 1. The authority to convene general courts-martial vested in com- ate ' manders in chief of fleets and squadrons, whether granted by statute or delegated by the President, implies the power to appoint judges advocate. 2. When, therefore, it is decided to assemble a general court-mar- tial, the convening authority will select a competent commissioned officer who shall, if possible, not be liable to summons as witness in the case, to perform the duties of judge advocate, and will name him as such in the order convening the court. Responsibility of 3 - The judge advocate is, in his military character, as an officer, judge advocate. responsible for the proper discharge of his duty to the convening authority. Art. 1802. Duties before Upon being notified that a court is to convene, and having been assembling a court. f urn i s hed with such papers and instructions as shall be considered necessary for his guidance, the judge advocate shall ascertain that GENERAL COURTS-MARTIAL. 467 the accused has received a true copy of the charges and specifications preferred against him. Art. 1803. He shall critically examine the charges and specifications in order To examine .,..., . , , , . , charges critically. that, prior to the arraignment, he may advise the court of any tech- nical inaccuracies that he may discover. Art. 1804. He shall call upon the accused for a list of the witnesses that he TO obtain list of wishes to have summoned for his defense, and shall at the same time fenSf 8 ^* f r de furnish him with a list of the witnesses who are to appear against him. Art. 1805. 1. He shall summon, through the customary channels, every per- TO summon all son whose testimony is in any way necessary, whether to the prosecu- Wltnesses - tion or to the defense; but he shall not, except by the order of the court, summon any witness at the expense of the United States, or any officer of the Navy or Marine Corps, unless satisfied that his testimony is material and necessary to the ends of justice. 2. Whenever the judge advocate of a court-martial convened within Notificati on to the limits of the United States shall have occasion to summon as fio au f Naviga " witness an officer who may at the time be waiting orders or on leave, he shall, at the same time, notify the Bureau of Navigation or the commandant of the Marine Corps, as the case may be, of the fact that the summons has been issued; and shall send a similar notice when such officer is discharged from further attendance on the court as witness. 3. The record of proceedings of the court of inquiry in the case, To examine pro- if any has been held, must be transmitted to the judge advocate, who C ^ing3 of court * of inquiry. will examine it to the end that he may, if practicable, summon all the necessary witnesses. Art. 1806. In order to establish the commission of the specific offense of de- The charge of de- sertion, both the fact of unauthorized absence and the intent perma- s 61 " 1 ' 011 - nently to abandon the service must be proved. Art. 1807. It is essential that the judge advocate should be thoroughly in- Preparation of etructed as to all the circumstances of the case, and as to the evidence case< by which the charges are to be sustained, and he should therefore inquire what persons have knowledge of the facts, and to what par- ticulars they can testify. Art. 1808. The judge advocate shall see that a suitable place is provided for TO prepare place the sessions of the court, and that it is supplied with writing materials of a8Seml)|i "g- for the use of the members. 468 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS Art. 1809. du^ng r t a h d B^ion 8 1- Tt is the dut y of tQ e judge advocate, under the direction of the court, to record its proceedings, to administer the requisite oath to the members, and to advise the court in all matters of form and law. 2. On every occasion when the court demands his opinion, he is bound to give it freely and fully, and, even when it is not requested, to caution the court against any deviation from essential form in its proceedings, or against any act or ruling in violation of law or material justice. Art. 1810. Rights of parties Either of the parties before the court has a right to the opinion of to judge advocate's opinion. the judge advocate, in or out of the court, on any given question of law arising out of the proceedings. Art. 1811. J 6 ' 81 ' " 8 of the The Judge advocate is the official prosecutor for the United States, judge advocate and the accuser. and when the military accuser is allowed to be present in court, it is merely for the purposes of material justice and as assistant to the judge advocate. Whatever observations the accuser has to make or whatever questions to propose must be stated privately to the judge advocate, who, if he thinks the remarks proper, will avail himself of the suggestions of the informant. Art. 1812. Relations of the Justice being the object for which a court is convened, the judge and g the a accused. te advocate, although he is not for a moment to forget his duties as prosecutor, will at all times prevent the accused, if he is not assisted by counsel, from advancing anything which may tend either to crimi- nate him or prejudice his cause, more especially if he shall appear to be ignorant or inexperienced. Should the accused have no competent adviser, the judge advocate shall also see that no illegal testimony is brought against him, and shall direct him how to present to the court, in the most efficient manner, the facts upon which his defense is based. Art. 1813. improperevi- i. The judge advocate is particularly to object to the admission of vaiir matter 'to'be improper evidence, and shall point out to the court the irrelevancy objected to. o f anv testimony that may be adduced which does not bear upon the matter under investigation. Disregard of 2. Should the advice of the judge advocate be disregarded by the advocate by court! court, he shall be allowed to enter his opinion upon the record. Under such circumstances it is also proper for the court to record the reasons for its decision. The minutes of opinion and decision are made for the information of the revising authority, who should have the error or wrong, on whichever side it may be found, brought fairly under his NO protest to be consideration; but neither the judge advocate, the accused, nor any recorded. member of the court has any right to enter an exception or protest on the record. GENERAL COURTS-MARTIAL. 469 SECTION 5. PLACE OF ASSEMBLY. Art. 1814. Courts-martial shall be assembled, and held in a convenient part of Plac f assem- a ship or navy yard, or as may be ordered. The sessions shall be public sessions. public, and all persons except such as may be required to give evidence shall be admitted. Art. 1815. The time and place for assembling a court-martial being distinctly Time and place stated in the order for convening, neither can be changed except by n n ee j ngnottolj the convening authority, whose sanction must be obtained should circumstances render a change necessary or expedient, and the court will assemble as nearly as practicable at the time and place named in the order convening it. Art. 1816. No naval general court-martial, or other assembly of a judicial courta not to be character, shall be ordered or permitted to assemble or conduct any held in foreign ter- part of its proceedings in any place subject to foreign jurisdiction. . Art. 1817. The necessary guard and orderlies will be detailed by the captain of the ship, or commandant of the yard or station, on board of or at which Details of K u rd - the court is ordered to convene. SECTION 6. THE TRIAL. Art. 1818. 1. "When a general court-martial shall assemble in conformity to order, the person to be tried shall be introduced, and, though up to du ed USed intro " that time in close confinement, or even in irons, must appear unfet- tered, unless violence or escape is apprehended. 2. The order convening the court shall then be read by the judge advocate in the presence of the accused; and in each and every case *"[ ecept * be tried, said order, or a copy thereof certified by the judge advocate, and the original charges and specifications, shall, after having been read, be appended to the record. Art. 1819. 1. The accused and the judge advocate have the mutual right of Challenge. Privilege of chal- It is the duty of the judge advocate to ask the accused if he objects to any member of the court appointed to try him, and a minute of this inquiry, and the answer thereto, is invariably to be entered upon the record. 2. The judge advocate can not be challenged on any grounds. Judge advocate not challengeable. 3. As a general rule, whatever objection either party may make Time for exercise should be decided upon before the court is sworn; but at any stage of this privilege. of the proceedings prior to the findings challenge may be made, by either the judge advocate or the accused, for cause not previously known. 470 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Action to be taken 4. It is customary, though not necessary, that a member objected by court. to ghonid withdraw, after offering such explanation as he may think necessary, and the court shall then proceed to deliberate and decide upon the validity of the objection. Entry upon the 5. The objection, the cause assigned, the statement, if any, of the challenged member, and the decision of the court, shall be regularly and specifically entered on the proceedings. Decision of court 6. The challenger cannot insist upon his challenge in opposition to the opinion of the court. Action of court 7. Should the objection be pronounced valid, and the membership )w e five? d " e " of the court be thereby reduced below the legal number, the court shall be adjourned and a report be made to the convening authority. Art. 1820. Judge advocate 1. After the question upon the admission of the grounds of chal- !un ' lenge shall have been decided, the oath or affirmation prescribed by ' law shall be administered in the presence of the accused: (1) By the president of the court to the judge advocate, (2) by the judge advocate to the members of the court. . . Administration of 2. Until a court is duly sworn according to law, it is incompetent sh'o w*n on thVre^ to perform any judicial act, wherefore the judge advocate will enter cord. on the record, fully and explicitly, that " the judge advocate was duly sworn, according to law, by the president of the court, in presence of the accused ", and that " each of the members of the court was duly sworn according to law, by the judge advocate, in presence of the accused". , Art. 1821. Employment of Whenever it shall be necessary to employ a clerk or reporter, or an p n ortrT eter r re ~ interpreter, to assist in a trial, the provisions of Art. 1767 shall be observed. Art. 1822. Court to be sworn Whenever more persons than one are to be arraigned upon different ject to chaiienge'at charges, and tried by the same court, the members are liable to be each trial. challenged, and the court also must be resworn, at the beginning of each distinct trial. Art. 1823. Postponement of If either of the parties^ desires a postponement of the trial, the mo- tmL tion should, if possible, be made before the arraignment. But the application to suspend the proceedings of a court for a longer period than from day to day, Sundays excepted, must be referred to the officer convening the court, who alone has authority to grant the request. Art. 1824. Right of accused j. The accused is entitled to counsel as a right, and the court cannot to have counsel. with propriety deny him the assistance of a professional or other ad- viser; but, unless by special authorization of the convening authority a stenographer is employed to record the proceedings of the court, no GENERAL, COURTS-MARTIAL. 471 person except the judge advocate and the accused shall be permitted to address the court, or to interfere in any manner with its proceed- ings; and, except when a stenographer is authorized as above stated, all communications, motions, and questions shall be made in writing. Permission to address the court orally may, however, when a steno- grapher is employed, be granted to counsel for the accused by the court. 2. When the accused has no legal adviser the court may, at his Selection of conn- _, . _ . sel for accused by request, select some officer within reach to assist him. This can only the court, be done, however, with the consent of such officer. Art. 1825. The judge advocate should for the convenience of the court place Copies of charges to be laid before the upon the table several copies of the charges and specifications on court, which the accused is to be tried. Art. 1826. 1. Before entering upon the trial, the court shall be cleared, the Examination and emendation of parties to the trial withdrawing, and the charges and specifications read charges and speci- aloud by the president to ascertain that they are specific, and to allow fil discussion of any doubts which may arise in the minds of the court with ' regard to the court's jurisdiction, the relevancy of the charges and specifications, or, if a criminal offense is to be investigated, to see that the facts specified are described in such a legal manner as will justify the court in awarding, on conviction, a punishment adequate to the offense. 2. Should any doubt arise or objection be made to the charges and Objections to specifications by the court, or by either of the parties to the trial, the cordld^and* report- proceedings, and the decision of the court thereon, must be regularly ed tn convening and fully recorded and referred without delay to the convening authority whose consent must be obtained before any alterations shall be made in the charges and specifications. 3. Should the convening power authorize the judge advocate to amend legal defects in the charges and specifications before the ac- cused is called on to plead, it is to be understood that in doing so the judge advocate is strictly responsible that the facts are not changed, nor the legal responsibilities weakened. He shall, on every such oc- casion, be careful to communicate to the accused any alterations in the charges which were delivered to him at the time of his arrest, as soon as possible after such alterations shall have been made. Art. 1827. 1. The court having been regularly organized, the judge advocate, Arraignment of after reading aloud in open court the charges and specifications tl against the accused, shall address him by his name and designation, and ask him whether he is guilty or not guilty of the charges and specifications just read. 2. Should the accused plead " guilty ", the court shall warn him Procedure when that he thereby precludes himself from the benefits of a regular de- g un^ ue 472 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. fense. After this warning, should the accused persist in his plea, the court, before proceeding to deliberate and determine upon the sen- tence, shall allow him to urge anything he may desire to offer in extenuation of his conduct, to call witnesses to character, and offer any other evidence of a strictly palliative nature; and the judge advocate shall have the right to cross-examine such witnesses. As by the plea of guilty everything alleged is admitted, no evidence shall, when such plea is offered, be taken by the prosecution, when the plea is 3. If the accused plead "not guilty", or stand mute, or if, after "not guilty . making objections to the court which it overrules, he refuses to offer evidence or to make any defense, the trial shall proceed as if he had pleaded not guilty. Arraignment and 4. The questions constituting the arraignment, and the answers to replies to be re- . .. , . . , ,. ,. ,, corded. them, if any be given, must be distinctly recorded. Art. 1828. Pleas in bar of 1. Pleas in bar of trial are sometimes submitted by the accused for trial - the consideration of the court. These may be either to the juris- diction of the court, or special pleas which go to the merits of the case. Whatever the plea may be, it must oe fully recorded in the proceedings. If a written statement of the plea be handed into court, it shall be read and appended to the record. Procedure when 2. If the plea be admitted as valid, an extract from the proceedings van 8 h a ll not be detailed as part of the proceedings. Art. 1865. Completion of After the proceedings and sentence, with the recommendation to clemency, if any, have been signed, the action of the court, whether an adjournment or the taking up of a new case, shall be recorded, and this entry having been authenticated by the signatures of the judge Becord lo be sent advocate and the president, the record shall be forwarded by the presi- thorHy. Venmg *"" dent witn a letter of transmittal, to the convening authority, or, in the- United States, where the court is convened by order of the Depart- ment, direct to the Judge Advocate General. Art. 1866. be^gn'edan^'mlde Each case being thus made complete in itself and the record con- up and forwarded tinuous, when all the cases laid before the court have been finished and severally authenticated and forwarded as hereinbefore provided, Report of presi- the president will inform the convening authority by letter that all the business before the court has been completed, and the court will ad- Adjournment of journ to await his further orders, he being the only proper person to court. ,. , dissolve it. SECTION 9. REVISION. Art. 1867. ceedings Wal f prO ~ U P on the ^^P* of the record of a court-martial it shall be the duty of the reviewing officer to proceed at once to scrutinize the same, in order to return it for revision or amendment, if such course be neces- sary, before the dissolution of the court. Art. 1868. Re vi sal of pro- j "\y n en a court is ordered to revise its proceedings, new testimony ceeuingsby acourt. shall not be brought forward in any shape. 2. The revision will be strictly confined to a reconsideration of the matter already recorded in the proceedings, no part of which is to be amended, altered, or annulled in any way. Record of revi- 3. During a revision, an entirely separate record shall be kept, to which the order for reassembling must be affixed; and a full entry must be made of all the proceedings, verified in the ordinary manner by the signatures of all the members of the court and the judge ad- vocate, and transmitted as before to the reviewing officer for his ap- proval. The judge advocate shall be excluded from the court room during a revision of the finding and sentence of the court. Art. 1869. Amendment of l. If the court be reconvened to amend or otherwise remedy a de- ord. feet or omission in the record, which may be done if the facts warrant,. the reconvening order must be attached to the record, which shall. GENERAL COURTS-MARTIAL. 481 also show that at least five members of the court, the judge advocate, and the accused were present, and that the amendment was then made to conform to and express the truth in the case. 2. Clerical errors may be amended by the court without the pres- Correction of ence of the accused, but they are not to be corrected in an informal manner by erasure or interlineation. The legal procedure is for the proper officer to reconvene the court, calling its attention in the order for reassembling to the error requiring correction, and for the court, on reassembling, to continue the record by a report of the proceedings of the additional session in which the amendment is made. 3. Whenever a court shall be reconvened for the purpose of amend- Record of addi- f ., j ., . . , tionalsessions. how ment or correction of its record, the reconvening order must be u elJt . annexed to the proceedings, which are to be entered in full, authen- ticated in the proper manner, and transmitted to the reviewing officer for his approval. . SECTION 10. FINAL ACTION. Art. 1870. It is not in the power of the revising authority to compel a court to Co " rt entitled to reverse its judgment upon a plea in bar of trial, or to change its find- judgment, ing or sentence when, upon being reconvened by him, it has declined to modify the same, nor either directly or indirectly to enlarge the measure of punishment imposed by sentence of a court-martial. Art. 1871. No sentence of a general court-martial can be carried into execu- Confirmation and tion until after the whole of the proceedings have been had before the 1* reviewing authority, or, when the circumstances of the case require such action, have been submitted through the Secretary of the Navy to the President of the United States for his confirmation and orders. Art. 1872. Where the law does not authorize the officer who convened a gen- Powers of theof- eral court-martial to confirm and execute the sentence, he has still court."" 1 absolute power to disapprove and annul it. Should the sentence be one which he is not empowered finally to confirm and execute, and he can not remit or mitigate the same, if he thinks it ought to be con- firmed, he should, in transmitting the proceeding to the authority hav- ing such power, subscribe a formal approval thereof upon the record. Art. 1873. 1. The finding and sentence of every general court-martial approved Promulgation of by the commander in chief of a squadrom shall be communicated by him in a general order to his command. 2. The sentences of courts held by order of the Secretary of the Navy within the United States will, in like manner, be published ia general orders by the Navy Department. 1344&-31 482 U. S. NAVY REGULATIONS. Art. 1874. irregularities in Should the proceedings of a court-martial be disapproved for any procedure to be . J published. informality or irregularity of the court, the particular informality or irregularity will be made known in the general order promulgating the result of the trial, so as to prevent, if possible, a recurrence of sim- ilar irregularities. Art. 1875. Final disposition The proceedings of all courts-martial will be forwarded dhect to records. the Judge Advocate General by the reviewing authority after acting thereon, or in the case of general courts-martial convened by the Sec" retary of the Navy, by the presiding officers of such courts; as will be all communications pertaining to questions of law arising before courts-martial, or to the proceedings thereof, which may require the action of t'.ie Department. Art. 1876. Persons entitled ^ny person having an interest in the record of a naval court-martial to copy of court- * martial record*. is entitled to have an exemplified copy of it, after the proceedings are consummated by the proper authority. INDEX. ABSENCE PAGE. ART. of captain, temporary, methods of duty not to be changed 113 497 of captain and executive officer, navigator not to leave the ship 129 579 of captain, senior line officer on duty succeeds to command 113 497 of captain of yard, line officer next in rank performs duties 414 1G49 of chief of bureau, papers signed by assistant or chief clerk 402 1615 of commandant and captain of yard, line officer next in rank succeeds 414 1649 of commandant of yard, captain of yard performs duties 413 1648 of commandant of marine corps, business conducted by adjutant 199 914 of commander in chief, temporary, succession during 63 264 of commander in chief, temporary successor not to assume title 400 1609 of executive officer, line officer next in rank performs duties 115 498 of executive officer, line officer next in rank not to leave the ship 122 541 of executive officer, navigator not to change methods of duty 129 577 of judge advocate, temporary, does not invalidate proceedings 465 1798 of judge advocate, adjournment to be had from day to day 466 1798 of member of board or court, affects his right to vote 441 1704 of member of general court, does not suspend proceedings 465 1796 of member of general court, forbidden except for good cause 465 1797 of member of general court, may excuse from further attendance 465 1797 of member of any board, forbidden unless authorized 441 1703 of navigator, line officer next in rank performs duties ^ 125 555 of officers in chief command within the U. S., limitations upon . 405 16^6 of officer of deck from gangway, does not justify omission to report 135 607 of officer of ship, about to sail from home, reported to department . 112 492 of officers, temporary, from ship in commission, does not affect pay 247 1152 of senior engineer, duties performed by next in rank 1 161 730 of senior medical officer, duties performed by next in rank 151 687 of warrant officers, duties performed by chief mates 16; 742 without leave, entered in log book L 135 608 without leave, when regarded as straggling 190 874 without leave, when regarded as desertion 190 873 without leave, at general muster, reported by master at arms 170 769 without leave, of enlisted men, pay to bo checked ,. 204 939 without leave, of petty officers, pay forfeited for time of 252 1177 ABSENTEES. (See also DESBETION) effects of, taken in charge by master at arms 170 770 from fire stations, provision to be made against 91 375 from engineer's division at quarters, reported by senior engineer 158 714 from pay division, reported by senior pay officer ; 154 699 from surgeon's division, reported by senior medical officer 150 684 ACCIDENTS , to engines and boilers, reported immediately to captain 160 722 to machinery, to be guarded against by engineer of the watch 162 732 to iiersons in the navy, testimony of eye witnesses taken 265 1243 to persons in the navy, statement sent to surgeon general 265 1243 to ship, entered in log book 135 608 to ship, investigated by a board if serious 98 396 serious, reported by officer of deck to captain . 132 593 precautions to be taken against, when about to turn engines 134 602 precautions to bo taken against, when magazine is open 119 520 1344832 483 484 INDEX. ACCOUNTS PAGE. ART. advances by purchasing pay officer to other pay officer, vouchers required 360 1546 balance sheet is a quarterly return of money ivalueg 354 1518 balance sheets of general storekeeper accompanied by summary 345 1504 bureaus of department to retain charge of their respective 1 4 certificates of fourth auditor, how paid by pay officers 356 1530 changes in marine guard, statement sent paymaster of corps 361 1552 claims and demands by or against the United States settled in the Treasury 356 1528 contingent sundries, how kept and titled 341 1500 conversion, summary, explanation, and directions for 347 1511 conversion, kept by each department at navy yard 348 1512 credits for difference of pay, account of promotion, referred to fourth auditor 356 1529 current, duplicate, forwarded quarterly to paymaster general 365 1565 current, of marine corps, transmitted quarterly to fourth auditor 203 932 current, of moneyt received, etc., rendered by pay officer quarterly- 364 1562 deceased persons, balances, how paid 359 1544 deposit books of enlisted men, directions concerning 363 1559 deserter's wages and sale of effects, how credited and accounted for 359 1543 final expenditures for naval establishment, charged under three heads 338 1497 -fiscal yearand divisions . 364 1561 for condemned supplies, how Uept 353 1517 for debitsand credits titled and derived from vouchers 337 1496 for fractions of mouths, how computed 369 1573 for materials chargeable to general expense, directions 347 1509 for reserved supplies, how kept 352 1516 for supplies, explanations and directions for keeping 350 1514 for supplies, how kept and titled 342 1501 fourth auditor, returns rendered to, by pay officers of ships 364 1563 general, lor naval establishment and money 337 1495 general storekeepers and other pay officers, time allowance for settling 367 1571 increase of navy supplies, how kept 352 1515 inspection, shore stations, and on ships, how made 367 1563 invoices, how inscribed 343 1502 loss of, by wreck ot capture of ship, duties of pay officer '. 367 1570 marines, sum retained from monthly pay on board ship 361 1553 monthly abstract of public bills from pay officers of ship 366 1568 monthly money statements from pay officers of shore stations 365 1566 of cargo in storeshipi to be kept distinct 355 1525 of construction work, how kept at navy yards . 348 1513 of crew, to be considered in granting clothing requisitions 90 371 of deceased persons, forwarded to fourth auditor 111 486 of disbursing officers, kept separate and distinct under every bond 357 1532 of engineer's stores, kept by senior engineer 158 712 of enlisted men in hospital, where kept 184 831 of enlisted men transferred, accompany them 185 1 gjj^ of marines clothing, kept by officer commanding guard 218 1017 of material and labor expenditures, analysis of, rendered monthly from navy yards 347 1510 of moneys received or expended, kept under their specific appropriations 356 1531 of officers not on duty, where kept 250 1165 of officers of training statin, kept on station ship 187 850 of officers paid by fourth auditor, settled quarterly 250 1165 of pay officer dying or unfit for duty, directions concerning settlement 155 707 of pay officer on board ship, how arranged, sealed, and forwarded 368 1572 of pay officer, personal, not taken up by another pay officer, unless 250 1164 of pay officer, inspected by general inspector of pay corps 53 230 of pay officer, settled by his nominee in case of disability . 156 707 of post trader, are not a lien on pay of marines 213 991 of prisoners in penitentiary sent to nearest receiving ship 184 832 of property of naval establishment kept by bureau of supplies and accounts 337 1494 INDEX. 485 ACCOUNTS Continued. PAGE. ABT. of purchases of supplies, except medical and marine, kept by bureau of supplies and accounts 7 13 of sales, how and to whom forwarded 319 1439 pay officers not responsible for payments to persons removed from navy unless notified 357 1535 pay officers to produce copy of order for a payment before receiving credit 359 1545 pay officers to render quarterly, to treasury 364 1560 pay tickets to navy-yard employ6s 358 1539 pay, transfer, allotment papers, etc., must be signed personally and witnessed 365 1564 penalty for failing to render 323 1453 percentage charged in prices of clothing and small stores 3ii2 1557 persons leaving ship or station without settlement of 300 1550 postage on, when expenses are allowed for in U. S 369 1572 public bills for supplies, inscriptions on 345 1503 reduced prices on clothing and small stores, how accounted for 302 1558 returns, quarterly, made of supplies on board ship 355 < jl^, salary payments, how computed 369 1573 sea pay for persons at navy yards doing duty on tugs, etc 358 1540 second comptroller, duties of, with naval 350 1526 ships, directions for titles 338 1498 shore stations, directions for titles 340 1499 statements by pay officers of ships to navy department and treasury 306 1507 subsistence to men during authorized absence from ship 361 1554 summary of pay rolls, directions concerning, at navy yards 345 1505 eiimmary of pay roll* of departments in navy yards, how made up 346 1508 summary of pay rolls of ships, how made up 345 1506 summary of purchasing pay officers, current 346 1507 summary statements of funds on deposit to contain balances and cash on hand 366 1567 transfer, of funds or supplies, receipt given to state accountability 357 1534 transfer, of officers or men, directions to pay officers concerning 360 1546 transportation of enlisted persons for medical treatment . 301 1556 ACI DS carbolic, purchase authorized for use in pay department on board ship 281 1294 not to be kept near combustible materials 93 377 ACTING APPOINTMENT as pay officer may be made at sea or on foreign station to fill vacancies :._ 156 708 gireu warrant officer candidates after examination 4:!0 1688 of commodore or captain entitles him to honors of temporary rank 26 75 of men to fill vacancies in complement of petty officers, directions concerning 177 795 officer* holding, entitled to precedence, and honors of actual commission 15 46 officers holding, to wear uniform and affix title of, to official signature 438 1696 officers no longer holding, resume uniform and title of actual rank 438 1096 petty officer holding, receives pay of the rating 177 795 ACTION. (See BATTLE.) ADDITIONAL PAY. (See PAY.) ADDRESS. (See also RESIDENCE) of marine officers, adjutants to be kept informed of 201 925 of officers, bureau navigation to be kept informed of 52 222 of person officially addressed to be written at end of letter 397 1607 ADJUTANT. (See MABINE CORPS.) ADMIRAL. (See SALUTES.) ADVANCES allowed pay clerks by authority of department 257 1204 allowed to officers ordered to foreign stations 256 1204 amount of, to be indorsed on orders of officer receiving 257 1204 are charged against the accounts of recruits , 258 12U8 are entered on rolls 257 1207 are reported by pay officer of ship on board which the officer reports 257 1204 by recruiting officers paid only to persons entitled to receive it 258 1208 not to b*> checked against pay until ship sails 257 1204 486 INDEX. ADVANCES Continued. PAGE. ART. not to be made to recruits except by express orders 257 1208 not to be made to officers transferred from ships in commission 266 1204 not to interfere with register or payment of allotment 259 1211 of public money unauthorized, not to be made in any case 289 133* officer receiving, to notify pay officer taking up his accounts 257 1204 to officers for travel abroad, directions concerning 257 1205 to persons In naval service on distant stations, how authorized 256 1202 to recruits, limitations upon amount 257 1208 to recruits, value of clothing issued, deducted from 258 1208 ADVERTISEMENTS bills to be accompanied by copy of order before payment 289 1340 by any executive department or bureau thereof, to be by written authority 289 1340 directions to pay officers and others concerning 357 1537 for materials and supplies under contract, made by paymaster general 291 1346 purchases and contracts made by, except open purchase 289 1338 AGE- of assistant paymasters, requirements for candidate. 435 1684 of assistant surgeon, requirements for candidates 435 1683 of chaplain, requirements for candidates 435 1685 of enlisted persons, not to be less than 14 176 790 of machinists, to be between 21 and 32 on first enlistment 174 780 of persons enlisting, to be declared under oath 173 780 AID. (See also EXECUTIVE OFFICES) lieutenant of junior grade may serve as, to an officer of flag rank 14 38 to flag officer, is a member of the personal staff 79 342 to flag officer, to bo line officer and junior to flag lieutenant 79 344 AIB PORTS opened and closed at sea only by men specially appointed 121 53ft opening and closing of, at sea, reported to officer of the deck 167 753 to be kept iu good order and water-tight by the carpenter 167 753 to be opened at sea only by permission of the executive officer 167 753 ALLOTMENTS apprentices, not allowed, until transferred to general service 259 1212 are made out by pay officer as soon as ship is commissioned 258 12W are stopped before discharge of a grantor in debt 259 1214 are stopped upon expiration of cruise 259 1210 capture of grantors, case of ... 259 1210 death of grantee reported by pay ofHcer to th fourth auditor 259 1215> death or discharge of person making, case of 259 1210 discontinued by grantor, not to be renewed except by permission of department 260 1217 making, registration, and payment, directions concerning 258 1210 not to exceed one-half pay except by permission of department 258 1210 of men transfeired to hospital to be continued 259 121S registry and payment of, not to be stopped by authorized advances 259 1211 transfer of accounts of persons having, duties of pay officer 259 1216 transfer of, by pay officer to his successor 260 1216 ALLOWANCES additional, for marine officers, forage, fuel, and quarters 253 1187 are made enlisted men for submarine diving 262 1229 are made officers of navy for expense of oath in answer to interrogatories 262 12_8 books of, deficiencies in, reported by captain to bureau of supplies and accounts 273 12t>8 books of, followed except in emergency 390 1590 books of, supplied to all stations and ships 272 1268 deficiencies, reported by heads of departments before ship loavee navy yard 86 36* for expenses of witnesses, how paid 262 1225 for expenses while undergoing examination for appointment, made to naval cadets only 262 1224 for foreign travel, paid only by order of fourth auditor 261 1221 for funeral expenses of enlisted men in actual service payable when approved 261 123* INDEX. 487 ALLOWANCES -Continued. PAOE. ART. for funeral expenses of enlisted men of marine corps are by annual appropriation . 264 1237 for funeral expenses of officer abroad is one month's sea pay 263 1235 for funeral expenses of officers in U. S. not made 264 1235 for funeral expenses of officers of marine corps not made . 264 1237 for ships to be tabulated according to classification schedule 272 1268 for subsistence of passengers not made to messes 255 1197 for travel abroad under orders are the actual and reasonable expenses 200 1218 for travel in U. S. under orders Is eight cents a mile 260 1218 for traveling expenses, only by order or approval of secretary of navy 260 1218 of clothing and small stores to men confined by sentence of court 203 1230 of fresh water for washing clothes made to crew when possible 107 459 of one ration a day to naval hospitals for each officer, seaman, or marine admitted 263 1232 of provisions, alterations entered in log book i. 136 608 of supplies for a ship made out during her construction 272 1268 of uniform clothing given enlisted men of marine corps 254 1188 of water on ship board not less than one gallon per person 107 459 requisitions In excess of, sent paymaster general 278 1278 to an officer of navy for medicine and medical attendance, when payable , 263 1233 to enlisted men in marine corps retired, is three-fourths 254 1191 to marines of monthly money, how computed ^ 218 1016 to officers and men in marine corps same as the army 252 1180 ALTERATIONS to ships, necessity for, reported to the department 387 1583 to ships or fittings not to be made without authority of department 408 1637 AMMUNITION allowance expended quarterly 60 251 allowance in part expended while cleared for action and underway 60 251 amount and condition of, known by executive officer 119 521 deficiencies in, reported after an action : 10:3 435 rooms for the storage of, reported to the executive officer when ready 130 586 when being handled, precautions taken 93 376 when private property, stowed in places provided for that of the ship , 93 377 ANCHORS, ANCHORING, OR ANCHORAGE at place not surveyed, depth of water and character of bottom examined 105 451 bearings of, taken and entered in log book 105 451 boatswain to pay particular attention to the securing of 166 746 cables bent upon approaching land 105 449 drift lead used when in tide way , 134 603 executive officer responsible for condition of ; 120 532 lookouts posted aloft when necessary in port 104 443 ready for letting go when approaching land : 105 449 ready for letting go when entering port 120 531 ready for veering or slipping cables, when at L 166 746 safe place selected by captain , . 105 451 spare, kept ready for letting go in port 166 745 ANCHOR WATCH detailed by the executive officer 118 516 ANNIVERSARIES celebrated following day, if falling on Sunday 1 42 173 foreign authorities notified of intention to celebrate 42 174 foreign celebration participated in by naval vessels if duly notified * 43 175 national, how observed 42 173 national, of the U. S.are July 4, and February 22 42 173 salutes in honor of national, not returned .__ 35 132 APARTMENTS for army officers, passengers in ships of the navy 395 1599 for army officers in transports commanded and officered by the navy 395 1600 for messing of officers when passengers, same as if attached 229 1075 488 INDEX. APARTMENTS Continued. PAGE. ART. officers to mess in those set apart except as provided 228 1073 separate messes not to be formed in same , 228 1074 storerooms or offices not to be used for sleeping 232 109& warrant officers', to be forward of steerage 228 1071 Cabins- accommodations for chief of staff, directions 227 1064 captain not required to share with chief of staff 228 1068 of two, on same deck, flag officer occupies the larger 227 1065 of two, when a flag officer is not embarked, the captain may occupy either 1. 227 1063 one only available, occupied jointly 227 1066- personal staff, accommodated in wardroom or 79 345 Staterooms first on starboard side occupied by executive officer, next by navigator 227 1067 in ships not arranged symmetrically, assignment made by department 228 1067 line officers occupy starboard side, except as provided 227 1067 meals not to be taken or served in, except for sickness 228 1073 officer as passenger not entitled to, if excluding ship's officers.. 228 1072 spare, on either side, assigned by captain, watch officers have preference 228 1067 staff officers occupy those on port side as provided 228 1067 Steerage occupied by ensigns, not watch officers, cadets, and clerks 228 1070 Wardroom- commissioned officers not in command, and above rank of ensign, entitled to occupy 228 1069 ensigns assigned as watch and division officers are officers of the 228 1069 APOTHECARY appointed by thft bureau for shore stations 435 1683 donations or bequests from patients or contractors not to be received by 245 1144 enlisted 1 men of the marine corps not to be detailed as 216 1008 may be enlisted in that rating 177 794 to be vigilant in care of stores and keep prescribed accounts 171 775 to observe regulations for storeroom lights 171 775 APPLICATIONS concerning officers and men of marine corps addressed to commandant 210 979 for change of orders do not justify delay in obeying 52 221 for employment in navy yards, regulations concerning 419 1665 for home on receiving ship by discharged men, made to commandant of station : 194 899 for orders, by officers, made personally and through official channels 52 220 for redress of wrongs made in writing to senior officer present 226 1059 for removal of desertion mark referred to judge advocate general 8 14 APPOINTMENTS. (See also ACTING APPOINTMENTS) acceptance by officer of navy in diplomatic or consular service is equivalent to resignation 54 233 as assistant naval constructor made from naval cadets or civil life 436 1686 dates of, shown on enlistment record in transfer or discharge of petty officers 178 796 of candidates for assistant surgeon, assistant paymaster, and chaplain, regulations concerning 435 ! Jx?! . I JLoo& of candidates for warrant officers, regulations concerning 436 JJ' of clerks to pay officers made by secretary of navy 438 1697 of pay clerks, pay officers nominating are responsible for character and fitness 439 1697 of warrant officers, preference given apprentices 436 1687 persons receiving, to forward letter of acceptance and oath of office 1 438 1695 persons undergoing examination for, not allowed expenses unless naval cadets 262 1224 petty officers holding, from department, not disrated except by sentence of court 178 797 to any office in the navy to be from citizens of the U. S 435 1682 to line, engineer and marine corps from naval academy graduates 435 1681 APPRENTICES acting as buglers, unler same regulations as the seaman class 190 871 age limits and term of enlistment for 185 836 age qualifications and agreements when enlisting 186 841 INDEX. 489 APPRENTICES- Continued. PAGE. ART. are entitled to benefit of naval pension laws 187 845 board for examination of boys consists of captain, line officer, and senior medical officer of ship 186 842 can not make allotments of pay 25t 1212 descriptive list sent receiving ship when discharged for bad conduct 186 843 discharged on own request, value of outfit checked against account 186 843 discharges for inaptitude ordered only by bureau of navigation 186 843 discharges of, regulations concerning 186 843 enlistment and training is under direction of bureau of navigation 185 837 enlistment expiring abroad, sent home for discharge : 190 870 enlistment made on ships designated by the department 185 838 enlistment when parent or guardian is unable to appear 185 840 honorably discharged, entitled to benefits of continuous service 187 844 instruction at station before transfer to training ship 187 851 instruction in cruising ships to conform to that OH training ships l!0 867 marks of examination board entered on conduct book and enlistment record 190 868 not to be detailed for fire-room duty or as mess cooks 190 866 not to be detailed as messengers for longer than three months 190 866 not to be transferred to general service until training service is completed 188 856 on cruising ships to form part of the regular complement 189 865 separate conduct books kept on cruising ships 196 904 stationing of, in cruising ships, general service 189 866 to be accompanied by parent or guardian when enlisting 185 839 to be examined quarterly for advancement on cruising ships 189 863 to be exercised in signals ou cruising ships 76 324 to be rated first class after one year's service 190 869 to be rated second class after tour of service on training f\ti\> 188 855 to be transferred to training station after enlistment 187 846 to serve as buglers, but not to hold rate or pay 183 828 Training ship or station- after tour of service, deserving boys rated second class 188 855 care and instruction on board of 189 860 crews composed of selected men 189 864 enforcement of discipline on board 188 854 leave of absence at end of cruise when warranted : 189 862 one-half of the number of apprentices on board changed every six months 188 857 quantity and quality of food issued to be inspected 188 859 recommendations for discharge at end of cruise 188 858 regulations for discipline of ship to be posted 138 861 summer and winter cruises made and no transfers to general service until 188 856 tobacco not allowed while serving on board 188 853 APPROPRIATIONS accounts under different, kept distinct 356 1531 acts take effect from date of approval 357 15S3 balances unexpended turned in at end of fiscal year 326 1465 clothing, small stores and provisions are continuous and specific 269 1254 proceeds of sale are credited by fourth auditor 319 1439 requisitions for naval funds made upon secretary of navy through paymaster general 330 1472 requisitions to specify the appropriate head of . 330 1476 supplies purchased under, are for naval service and not for certain bureaus, except 2ti8 1254 APPROVAL for disbursement of money is evidence of knowledge of and accountability for transaction 70 300 for payments of money by pay officer, directions concerning 322 1449 for requisitions for money by pay officers, statement of amount on hand to accompany 330 1476 \1218 of the department on orders, is required to collect mileage or traveling expenses 2GO 3i22o of the president required ou court-martial sentence to loss of life 477 1854 of the president required on the finding of examining or retiring boaids 444 171& of the secretary of the navy required on sentences involving loss of pay 459 1777 on an order to purchase equivalent to an order for payment 300 1383 490 INDEX. ARMAMENT * . PAOB. ART. gunner is accountable for condition of 167 751 of ships is placed on board by bureau of ordnance 4 9 of ships is recommended by bureau of ordnance 4 9 repairs to, needed reported by gunner to executive and ordnance officer 167 750 ARMOR for ships placed and secured by the bureau of construction and repair 5 10 material, kind and qualities recommended by bureau of orduance 4 9 ARMS for marines in charge of officer commanding guard . 215 999 repairs to, for marines, how made 215 1000 ARMY comfort of troops embarked considered by medical officers in charge 396 1605 court-martial not held on ship of navy in commission 395 1603 depot quartermaster renders accounts for naval freight over land-grant railroads 299 1375 fortsof the U. S. not saluted byships of thenavy 34 123 honors to field officers visiting ships of tho navy 29 93 interchange of visits, rules for, between officers of the navy and 42 171 national salute from foreign ship is returned by fort or post 3 136 offenses by, on shipboard, how to b* treated 395 1602 officers in charge of troops embarked not to inflict punishment, unless 395 1603 officers of, cannot assume command of any ship of the navy 15 48 officers of, cannot assume command of officers or men of navy ashore without special authority. 15 48 officers of, relative rank with those of thenavy 12 24 orders to, troops embarked given through their own officers '. 396 1604 post to fire minute guns at funeral of Hag officer 44 180 quarters for, officers tailing passage in a naval transport 395 1600 quarters for, officers taking passage in a ship of the navy 395 1599 salutes to, general officers when visiting a ship of the navy 28 88 troops embarked on naval ships, responsibility of commander in chief 65 275 troops for passage subject to army laws but ship regulations- 395 1601 troops on naval ships for duty, subject to naval laws 395 1601 ARREST of drunken men, officers not to interfere 226 of drunken men made by persons not above grade of petty officers 226 of pay officer, directions for further proceedings 223 of pay officer does not deprive him of books and vouchers for settlement of accounts 224 officer breaking, subject to dismissal 22:5 officer under, has no right to trial by court-martial 224 officer under, not to be unnecessarily restricted 223 officer under, not to leave state in which he resides, or visit department without permission 53 officer under, not to use quarter deck, poop, or bridges 223 officer under, not to visit superior officer unless sent for : 223 officer under, to confine himself to limits assigned 223 officer under, to deliver up sword 223 officer under, to make known in writing any communication to his superior 223 release from, by competent authority bars further proceedings 226 ARRIVAL of ship at port not designated in instructions, cause and probable delay reported 97 394 of ship in port reported to department by telegram | J0 .j ^^ of ship in waters of a naval-station reported to commandant 41 167 ARTICLES condemned to be turned into store, from abroad, shipped by first government conveyance 314 1420 for shipment, how prepared and packed f 274 1269 list of, pertaining to bureau of equipment and exempted from general storekeeper 268 1249 manufactured at navy yard are issued through general stoiekeeper 268 1252 manufactured at navy yard are not required to be inspected by board . 206 1367 not in store at navy yard, how obtainable 270 1262 received at navy yard receipted for by officers in charge supplies 208 1251 INDEX. 491 ARTICLES -Continued. PAQB. ART. shipped by government conveyance, regulations concerning 276 1274 shipped by other than government conveyance, regulations concerning 274 $^7 shipped over land grant and bonded railroads, regulations concerning 277 1275 under contract, not to be paid for in advance of delivery 289 1339 ARTICLES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE NAVY to be posted in a conspicuous place on board ship , < .^ \og^ to be read at general muster once a month 231 1091 to be read to marines in barracks once a month 205 946 ARTIFICERS not appointed petty officers unless possessing trade of rating 182 820 to have knowledge of trades required when enlisting : 176 788 ASSISTANCE refused by foreign officials to ships of navy, circumstances reported to secretary of navy 104 441 to be afforded by vessels of navy to those of foreign state at peace with U. S.. 1('4 440 ASSISTANT ENGINEER. (See also ENGINEER OFFICERS) has relative rank of lieutenant junior grade or ensign 10 20 ASSISTANT NAVAL CONSTRUCTOR. (See also NAVAL CONSTRUCTORS) has relative rank of lieutenant or lieutenant junior grade 11 20 requirements for appointment, from civil life 436 1686 ASSISTANT PAYMASTER. (See also PAY OFFICERS) bond binding until new one is approved 2V) 1163 entitled to increased pay from date of promotion 250 1163 has relative rank of lieutenant junior grade or ensign 10 20 requirements of candidate for appointment as 435 1684 ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTER. (See MARINE Co EPS.) ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE NAVY ceremonies and salutes when visiting ships of the navy 25 64 orders issued by, considered as orders of secretary of navy 1 2 to exercise a general supervision over bureaus of department 1 2 ASSISTANT SURGEON. (See also MEDICAL OFFICERS) has relative rank of lieutenant junior grade or ensign 10 20 requirements of candidate for appointment as__ 435 1683 when attached to shore stations is governed by regulations for sea duty 415 1654 ASYLUM on ships of navy for political refugees not to be invited or encouraged 68 287 ships of uavy not to be made a refuge for criminals in granting of 67 287 to be afforded to citizens of U. S. and others when heeded 67 287 to be offered political refugees and aboard merchant vessels of U. S. in territorial waters under cir- cumstances set forth 68 287 AUCTION of deserter's effects, proceeds to go to his account 111 487 AUTHORITY. (See also COMMAND) exercise of, over subordinates, firm but just and kind . 221 1028 extends in a degree to every officer in enforcing regulations, o'rders,'etc 51 210 junior commanding officer is subject to senior for time being when meeting in port 75 318 military, not specifically provided for is in senior line officer present , 9 18 not to be used to divert officers from duties ordered by common superior, unless 9 IS of a commander in chief to act as diplomatic or consular officer at a foreign port, case of 00 2 -i of acting appointment is the same as actual commission lo 46 of captain in case of absence or disability devolves upon senior line officer on duty 113 497 of chief of staff is that delegated by flag officer 77 328 of executive officer is that of captain and not independent 115 499 of officer of deck extends to every person in ship subject to captain, except the executive officer. 131 591 of staff officers, definition of ' 11 22 of superior officer must be obtained for absence or exchange of duties 53 226 over ship fitting out is in commandant of yard until she is commissioned 85 355 responsibility of officers for exercise of, in cases of violation of international law 67 281 492 INDEX. AUTHORITY Continued. PAGE. ABT. statute laws and decisions of department upon.. , 104 4Sfi ships prepared for, in presence of enemy 64 271 water-tight doors kept closed in 91 376- BAYMAN may reenlist as such if honorably discharged 183 827 to be given instructions before drafting for general service 183 827 to belong to surgeon's division 150 685 BEARINGS. (See also COMPASS) entered in log are by standard compass 126 559- of anchorage, taken and entered in log 105 451 when entered in log, ship's head per standard also stated 126 559 INDEX. 493- BEDDING PAGE. ART. of crew, inspection of, by commander in chief 59 249 of crew to be uniform, aired weekly, frequently changed, etc 90 371 BILGES ( Q-J 272 examined when fitting out i )Q8 1638 to have manholes for easy access 409 1638 BILLS of exchange, directions for negotiating 68 292 of lading, forwarded with shipments 275 1271 f QQ ^(V7 of organization, to be complete, framed, and hung up conspicuously < 116 z^ to specify place of delivery, freight payable, etc., in shipments 274 1270' Public- approval of an officer on, is equivalent to order for payment ___i 296 1371 f i "i^r. for advertising, newspapers, and telephone, not paid without approval of secretary of navy 357 <, for deliveries accepted, forwarded without delay 296 1370 for freight, how made out 298 1375 for material, manufactured at private establishments, directions concerning 298 1374 preparation and requirements in making out 296 1372 for supplies, are made by general storekeeper with exceptions noted 297 1373 for supplies, how prepared, certified, and approved . 302 H^g require rank of officer signing, date, and sum payable, written out 296 1371 to be made for rewards or expenses of deserters 252 1178 BILL OF HEALTH procured before leaving port, and exhibited on arrival 149 679' BINNACLE LIST additional names not inscribed after approval, without permission 102 418 contains names of men excused from duty 144 644 examined and approved daily, by captain 102 418 BLACKSMITH may be enlisted in that rating 177 794 BLANKS for clothing requisitions are supplied by pay officers 138 620 BOARDS In general absence of member, reported to convening officer 441 170:5 absent members not to vote unless matter is reinvestigated 441 1701 appointed to take inventory of money, etc., suspension of pay officer 224 1042 dissenting members to give reasons over signature 412 1706 duties of senior member and equality of all on 441 1701 for inspection of supplies at navy yards, rules to govern 295 < .}o~; I iODo for inspection of supplies, appointed at shore station 295 1361 junior member to be recorder when no other is appointed 442 1707 of labor employment at navy yards, constitution and duties of 418 j Jp-f of medical survey to consist of three medical officers 303 1391 permanent, appointed for examining iron or steel ships in commission 390 1593 place of meeting, not left by members unless authorized 441 1705 precedence of members on 441 1700 recorder to be appointed, and duties of 442 1706 records of, when complete, sent department 403 1620 report of majority, drawn by senior member 442 1707 reports of, signed by concurring members 442 1706 tn examine ship fitting for commission, appointed by commandant of yards 409 163s two-thirds of members present are a quorum 441 1702 unauthorized absence of members forbidden 441 170$ 49A INDEX. BOABTS Continued. PAGE. AuT. Examining appointed for examination of candidates, lower grades of staff corps 442 1709 before promoting officer on active list to have physical qualifications certified 443 1712 certificates of physical qualification necessary before professional examination by 443 1714 convened at stated periods for appointment or promotion of candidates 442 1708 determines fitness of officers to perform duties at sea, before promotion 442 1711 form of oath to be taken by members, witnesses and recorder 447 1724 furnished by medical board, list of candidates physically fit or unfit for _. 44r; 1713 organization and procedure of 44! 1715 physical disability from wounds of officer on active list mot to bar promotion _ 443 1712 promotion, consists of at least three officers senior to and same corps as candidate 44- 1709 promotion of officers, to be organized same as courts-martial 443 1716 records presented to president of TJ. S. for approval 444 1716 statute form of recommendation for promotion 444 1717 translator ordered when necessary 442 1710 Of inquest death attended with suspicions circumstances, in case of 44(i 1721 duties, procedure, and form of report 446 *"* delegated) belonging to him by tue^of line rank. 20 54 officers n"ot"entHledto grant privileges or give orders to seniors on own authority 18 63 exec executive officer is entitled, as inspecting officer, to have access to all parts of the ship- executive officer is entitled to obedience in all matters relating to organization... executive officer not to announce that he is " executing the orders of the commanding officer . officers in charge of departments may confer directly with captain on department business, officers not entitled to grant privileges or give orders to seniors on own authority- officer performing duty involving ship as a whole entitled to obedience from all offio icept ^ ^ 'captain or executive officer ~ precedence in processions on shore, not military, on courts and boards, to be according to rank. 17 reports on personal business made direct to captain by officers senior to executive.. ports on personal business maae uireci iu uoyunu j ^ right of communication with captain not to interfere with execution of military duty right of officer to communicate with captain not to be restricted senior not required to accept orders or privileges from junior unless under his command., subordination of staff officers to line, juniors in rank, is a necessity of military service 17 53 DECK - QO alcohol, turpentine, varnishes, etc., to be kept on upper - _ uncovered lights not to be used below berth, except to test air DECK CLOCK 126 ^ in charge of navigator DECORATIONS 47 195 received from foreign government not to be worn DEFECTS 157 7Q9 in engineering outfit, reported to captain - in equipment supplies, reported to captain:. in ordnance fittings and equipments, reported to captain in paymaster's storerooms, reported to captain in ship or fittings, reported to captain in sick bay, etc., reported in writing to captain in spars or rigging requiring immediate attention, reported to officer of physical, of recruits sent to receiving ship, reported to captain physical, waived by department, entered on enlistment record and reported to burea ... 237 1109 reported by warrant officers to heads of department DEFICIENCIES- log 4fi9 in allowance books, reported to bureau ~ ^ * in coal supply, reported at once to captain - in marine guard of ship going to sea, may be filled by order of commandant of yarc - 208 9b5 in ordnance stores, reported to captain in packages, noted in log book in packages of supplies, referred to quarterly board of survey in public money on hand, reported to captain in stores and equipment, reported by warrant officers in superior ratings, may be made up in lower ratings noted by board of survey on death or detachment of bureau representative . DEPARTMENT. (See NAVY DEPARTMENT.) DEPOSIT BOOKS ^ 14gg entries to be made in furnished by pay officer necessity for care of new, may be furnished depositors on order of captain ODO *"" written affidavit to be required on loss of DEPOSITS- by enlisted men, pay officer to receive by enlisted men, reverting to U. S., regulations concerning *> by enlisted men with officers forbidden .'. ^30 108 interest-bearing, regulations concerning 518 INDEX. DESCRIPTIVE LISTS PAOX. ART. compared by senior medical officer after commissioning of ship 143 638 filled out by medical examiner . _ 236 1108 forwarded on transfer of marines 208 962 loss of, reported to department 1 99 401 of absentee, to whom sent when offering reward 191 879 of apprentices discharged for bad conduct, furnished receiving ships 186 843 of marines, character of information indorsed on 208 962 , of marines, commanding officer of guard to sign as recruiting officer 207 961 on certificates of death, disability, and pensions signed by captain 111 486 to accompany offers of rewards for absentees 191 879 DESERTERS checkage of rewards against, not regarded as part of punishment of 191 883 daily report of, made by commanding officer of marines to commandant of station 207 956 effects of, to be inventoried and sold at auction 111 487 enlistment records of, to be forwarded to department 192 885 entries to be made ou enlistment records of 192 885 extra expenses of apprehension of, may be checked against accounts 191 882 extradition for, when charged with crime, to be requested by senior officer present 192 S&9 from marine corps, surrender or arrest of, reported 208 963 from marine corps to be returned to vessels from whence deserted 200 921 from naval or military service, not to be enlisted 176 790 men not to be landed in foreign territory, to capture 67 28* not to be recovered by force within foreign jurisdiction 192 890 proceeds of sale of effects credited to accounts of 359 1543 received only on board receiving ships 192 886 reward not exceeding $20 may be offered for 191 878 shipwrecked persons not promptly reporting, regarded as 192 887 surrendering themselves, to serve out full time of enlistment 180 807 to foreign ship of war, demand to be made for delivery of 192 888 to forfeit all wages due 359 1543 to forfeit rights of citizenship 193 891 DESERTION cases of, entered in log book 135 608 details required in offers of reward for 191 880 indicated on ship's books by letter R 191 884 limitation to trial for, not to begin until expiration of enlistment 223 1038 mark, applications for removal of, to be referred to judge advocate general 8 14 mark, how it may be removed 191 884 officers to endeavor to check - ...... , 190 8172 penalties for aiding 193 892 to be cause for stopping allotment 259 1210 weekly returns of, by recruits, made to department 174 782 what is considered date of 191 877 .when absence without leave is regarded as 190 873-4 DETACHMENT articles to be turned into store at end of cruise by officers in charge of supplies before 283 1308 bureau representative to make complete transfer of supplies, etc., to successor upon 283 1308 not'given to officers, ship going out of commission, until regulations have been complied with.. 410 1641 of flag officer, tenure of office of members of staff s. 79 339 report of changes owing to, made to department at stated times by pay officer 155 705 DEVIATION local, of compasses-to be obtained by navigator 125 559 local, report of, to be forwarded to bureau 106 453 DIPLOMATIC OFFICERS- Sao TI4 95 fial-'l dress uniform to be worn at reception of 25 69-71 ensign of nation to which they belong displayed at fore during personal salute 37 138 INDEX. 519 DIPLOMATIC OFFICERS-Continued. powers of, may be exercised by flag officers as prescribe - ^ regulations for official visits to ---------------------------------------- salutes to, not to be returned ------------------------------------------------- DISABILITY 9 , R inn7 causing rejection of candidate to be entered on " list of examined ------------------------ * U07 medical officers to make official reports of ----------------------------------------- . ^ ^ of captain, succession to command in case of ------------------------------------------------- Jll8 497 of executive officer, succession to duties in case of ------------------------------ of flag officer, succession to command in case of ----------------------------------- ^ of navigator, succession to duty in case of ------------------------------------------ ^ of senior engineer, succession to duties in case of --------------------------------------- physical, persons not discharged, except on medical survey ------------------ -- * ^ physical, waived only by order of department ------------------------- ---- where records are incomplete surgeon general to decide whether received m line of duty ------- 26 DISBURSING OFFICERS. (See also PAT OFFICERS.) may deposit funds in other than government depository by permission secretary of treasury.... ,2 not to pay expenses of commissions of inquiry without specific- appropriations ------------------ 32 not to transfer funds from one appropriation to another except when afloat- of marine corps, money accounts of, to be inspected by adjutant and inspector of corps ---------- 20 to deposit funds with treasurer or assistant treasurer of United States ------------------------- i*j to note period for which needed on money requisitions --------------------------- to prepay expense of transportation of accounts ---------------------------------- to state on all drafts the object for which drawn ---------------------- unlawfully depositing or using public money to be deemed guilty of embezzlement DISCHARGE 424 166g at navy yards for want of work, directions for ------------------------------- cases of, involving loss of retained pay, referred to department ---------------------- character of, indorsed on continuous-service certificates --------------------------------- ---- character of marine indorsed on, by commanding officer of marine guard- character of, to be written in date column of old form of continuous-service c - 1W " dishonorable, form used for --------------------------------------------- -- dishonomble, given in foreign ports only by sentence of general court-mart.al ----------------- 179 dishonorable, given only by sentence of a court-martial ------------------------------------- " enlisted men only entitled to, on expiration of enlistment -------------------- - ^ forms of, to be used ------------------------------------------- " from hospital, entered on register of patients and on case paper how exchanged for continuous-service certificate ------------------------------------ - ^ indorsements required on, when given abroad ------------------------------ _ indorsements to be made on indorsements to be made on enlistment record in case of loss of, to be reported to department men not to be disrated before transfer for men not recommended for honorable, to have ordinary _, not given before expiration of term of enlistment except for cause . not given to yeomen until stores are accounted for of apprentices, directions regarding of apprentices, parents to be notified of - of employes in hospital to be entered in journal of enlisted men to be in last rating " "J of marines abroad, instructions regarding - of marines in United States, regulations respecting of petty officer, duty of captain in case of orders to executive relative to, may be verbal orders to pay officers relative to, to be in writing persons discharged at own request to have ordinary persons entitled to ordinary " ' 7g2 physical disqualification to be indorsed on 520 INDEX. DISCHAKGE Continued. PAGE. ART. special service men to have ordinary 179 799 to be entered in log book and cause stated >181 816 to be made out according to instructions 110 484 to be required for, in time for use . '. 110 484 to be shown on reenlistment 176 790 when it may be given abroad 179 803 . when given within the United States . 180 804 DISCIPLINE character of, on training ships 188 854 infractions of, to be reported to captain 115 500 orders relating to, to be carried out by executive officer 115 500 responsibility for, at hospital 237 1114 responsibility of commandant marine corps for 199 912 responsibility of officer marine guard at yard and barracks for 203 933 routine reports of, to be forwarded to commander in chief direct 97 395 DISEASES concealed, crew to be examined when necessary to detect 145 650 contagious, on ship, reported immediately to captain 5J*j* |j epidemic, fully reported to bureau by senior medical officer ; 150 681 general precautions taken in case of infectious 393 1596 infectious, liberty to be restricted in ports where prevalent 90 371 vessels at sea with infectious, not to be boarded if avoidable 393 15U7 DISPENSARIES to be in charge of bureau of medicine and surgery 6 12 DISRATING of noncommissioned officers of marines, to be only by sentence of court-martial 216 1010 of men transferred for discharge forbidden 182 822 to be entered in log book 135 608 to involve reduction in conduct class . 195 900 restrictions upon 182 821 DISTILLING apparatus to be under bureau of steam engineering 6 11 apparatus to be inspected by senior engineer when fitting out 157 709 DISTINCTIVE MARKS absence of, in boat may show presence of officer in unofficial capacity 38 151 carried at h*lf mast in bow of boat carrying body of deceased 46 186 carried in boats by diplomatic functionaries 39 156 carried in boats by flag officers 38 148 how displayed on ships with less than three masts 40 162 not half masted in boats of funeral procession except in that carrying body 46 189 of divisional commanders not displayed when sepaiated from squadron 38 149 of flag officers in company 37 143 of flag or of commanding officer displayed night and day 37 139 of flag officer or commodore to be painted on bows of boat 38 152 of military societies may be worn on occasions of ceremony 47 196 of officers in command, where displayed 37 139 of ship in commission is national ensign and masthead flag or pennant 37 139 to be used in boats by commanding officer of ship j g 9 jg| DIVINE SERVICE chaplains may wear vestments of church during 48 202 may be performed aboard ship by other clergymen than chaplains 163 736 smoking forbidden aboard ship during hours of 94 378 to be performed by chaplain at times prescribed by captain 163 734 DIVING extra allowance to enlisted men for 262 1229 INDEX. PAGE. ART. DIVISIONAL COMMANDERS 74 315 aid commander in chief to the utmost during action commodore, captains, and commanders may be assigned to duty as - ^ ^ duties of, when in squadron 73 3ia instructions for, when separated from commander in chief - ^ ^ make reports of action or important service - may shift flag or pennant without permission, only when disabled in action... not to display divisional marks when separated from the squadron - ^ ^ to answer and repeat signals of commander in chief DIVISIONAL OFFICERS- 138 61B bring divisions to high state of efficiency ~ jgD & ^ encourage and assist men desirous of improvement ~ exercise supervision over parts of ship occupied by their divisions ^ follow carefully regulations for drills and inspections ~ ^ ^ general duties of QQ yj^ inspect clothing, etc., of men of division monthly - ^ gg2 inspect dress of men of division at quarters " lgg g24 inspect work done by ship's tailor ^ ^ instruct junior officers and crew " 14Q 627 keep copies of all organization bills and orders ^ keep themselves fully informed concerning the armament - ^ ^ make conduct reports of men quarterly. ~ lgg 61g make themselves conversant with fire bill make recommendations of men for rating and disrating, quarterly ... - ^ ^ oversee cleaning of guns, etc " 13g 620 prepare requisitions for men of division " 140 629 report to executive any cleaning or repairs needed - ^ ^ require bedding, clothing, etc., to be uniform - ^ ^ require men to have regulation knives and laniards - ^ ^ require men to keep hair and beard short , 139 624r require neatness of person in men of division " -^89 Jm require wearing of underclothing by men - ^ ^ see clothing marked and kept in order ~ ^ see clothing materials used for purpose for which drawn - ^ ^ see that men do not sell clothing "" lgg ^ to take precautions against accidents in drill igg ^ witness all issues to their divisions DIVISIONS- 9G 382 all persons attached to ship to be assigned to ^ ^ engineer's, composition of " lgg ^ engineer's, to be in charge of senior engineer - ^ ^ engineer's, to muster at place designated by captain - ^ ^ pay, composition of 154 6gi) pay, to be in charge of pay officer ' powder, to be commanded by senior watch officer - ^ ^ surgeon's, composition of ' 15Q 6g4 surgeon's, to be in charge of senior surgeon DOCKING 102 421 high explosives only to be removed when preparing for - ^ ^^ of iron and steel ships, to besemi annual T ~ ^ ^^ of vessels, regulations for " 414 164g of vessels to be entered in yard journal to be in charge of bureau of construction and repair - construction and maintenance of, to be under bureau of yards and docks.... DOUBLE BOTTOMS- examined by navy-yard board before commissioning examined for accessibility when fitting out - ^ ^ inspected quarterly by permanent board 522 INDEX. DOUBLE BOTTOMS Continued. PAGE. ART. inspected weekly by executive officer and senior engineer 391 1593 kept dry under ordinary service conditions 392 1593 precautions to be taken when opening 3!>2 1593 report to be made of admission of water to 392 1593 responsibility for cleanliness and condition of J 15 ^ DRAFT of ship to be taken on leaving and entering port and entered in log 104 442 DRAFTS. (See also CHECKS) outstanding three or more years, regulations concerning 326 1466 return of premium for sale of, made to Treasury Department 324 1456 DRAWINGS changes in ships to be noted on 388 1585 of all parts of ships to be kept by each bureau 388 1585 of ships to be kept by heads of departments at working navy yards 388 1585 DRESS. (See also UNIFORM.) board, to be prepared for use of crew 120 530 parade of marine guard to be held at yards, etc., daily, except Saturday and Sunday 204 942 worn at inspection of ship, to be prescribed by flag officer , 27 78 DRESSING SHIP directions for 1 32 108 DRIFT LEAD to be put over in tide way or with strong wind blowing 134 603 DRILL BOOKS to be prepared by bureau of navigation 2 6 DRILLS commanding officer of marines afloat to make quarterly report of 215 998 commanding officer of marines at yards, etc., responsible for 204 940 crew to be landed for, when possible . 60 251 daily on board ship if possible, except Saturday and Sunday : 89 370 extent of, in squadron, regulated by efficiency of ships 61 251 marine guard to be landed for, when possible 218 1019 of marine guard, monflily reports of, made to commandant of marine corps ^{5 1002 of marines of squadron on shore, fleet marine officer to supervise 84 354 oral instruction aboard ship to take place of, in bad weather 89 370 reports of, to be sent to bureau of navigation 2 6 DRUNKEN MEN arrest of, to be made by persons not above grade of petty officer 226 1052 care to be taken in confinement of 225 1051 not to be enlisted 176 790 officers not to interfere personally in arrest of 226 1052 DRY DOCK. (See DOCKING.) DUTIES extra, to be discontinued on Sundays 225 1049 general, of captain of yard 413 1648 ;eneral, of civil engineer at navy yard 417 1661 general, of commandants of shore stations 407 1632 general, of engineer of watch 162 732 general, of fleet engineer to be assigned by flag officer 82 353 general, of fleet paymaster assigned by flag officer 82 352 general, of fleet Burgeon assigned by flag officer 81 351 general, of naval constructor at navy-yard 416 1659 general, of officer of deck 131 593 general, of pay officers of shore stations 415 1655 general, of personal staff of flag officer 80 346 general, of senior engineer at navy yard 416 1656 general, of senior medical officer at navy yard 415 1653 INDEX. 523 DUTIES-Continued. PAGF " AuT - of commander in chief, duration of 57 of commander in chief relating to inspections of ships of commanding officer of guard of flagship and senior engineer performed by fleet ollicers of fleet staff are additional to those assigned by captain of flag ship of junior engineers assigned by engineer in charge __. of members of staff are the same whatever the relative rank of superior of navigator in care of ship not affected by presence of pilot of navigator with regard to equipment stores of officers on receipt of orders of officer succeeding to chief command on death of flag officer in battle 1 of ordnance officer with regard to ordnance stores of pay officer of flagship performed by fleet paymaster 8 of senior engineer on joining ship fitting out I"' 7 709 of senior engineer regarding engineering stores of senior surgeon of flagship performed by fleet surgeon officers not to exchange, without authority routine reports of, to be forwarded^ direct to commander in chief DUTY. (See also INSTRUCTIONS) artive, retired officers not to be employed on, except in time of war.__ applications for orders for, to be made officially assignable to officers of different grades officer not to be diverted from, ordered by common superior, without good reason officers can not place themselves on, by virtue of commission or warrant ... officers to be assigned to, by Navy Department officers not on, to keep bureau navigation informed of address ordinary boat service not to be regarded as detached pay, only officers on, can exercise command under coast survey, instructions for officers ordered to 16 51 under lighthouse board, instructions for officers ordered to under fish commission, instructions for officers ordered to 16 60 DYNAMO room, lanterns to be kept ready for use in 92 376 room, navigator responsible for condition of ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES are in charge of navigator 12 necessary information for making coal report 158 713 to examine equipment stores when fitting out and report defects 122 543 INDEX. 529 EXECUTIVE OFFICER As equipment officer Continued. PAGE. ART. to have charge of equipment books and make prescribed returns 122 to have services of equipment yeoman 12 to issue supplies to other departments only upon approved transfers 12 to make list of needed supplies before entering port - to make requisitions for equipment supplies to perform duties assigned and have charge of all equipment stores except those exempted 122 to receipt for equipment stores when invoices are correct \22 544 EXERCISES time when performed, entered in log book EXPENDITURES books of, approved monthly " O-TQ 19QQ economy in, to be practiced for transportation of sick, charged to "contingent, bureau medicine and surgery".. monthly vouchers for, how compiled from stub requisitions 271 1265 of equipment stores, under control of executive officer 1 of public money or stores not made unnecessarily 23 of supplies by general storekeeper to be on stub requisitions 21 of supplies to be at average prices. 271 1267 EXPENSES. (See also ALLOWANCES.) actual, allowed on travel abroad under orders. 2C actual, paid enlisted men serving as witnesses. 262 1225 for medicines, and medical attendance when allowed officers 263 funeral, of enlisted man not to exceed $50 funeral, of marine officers to be charged against accounts 264 funeral, of officer dying abroad, not to exceed one month's sea pay 263 : funeral, of officer dying in U. S. not allowed 2( of apprehension of absentee charged against his account 19 of commissions of inquiry payable only from specific appropriations of navy pay offices, how charged 341 EXPLOSIVES high, removed before going to yard for repairs or docking 102 not allowed on board as private property red flag displayed at fore, when handling, and unauthorized lights and fires extinguished..: 96 385 EX-PRESIDENT honors paid to, when visiting ship 24 58 EXTRADITION of deserters from navy charged with crime, how obtained 192 889 FESTIVALS. (See ANNIVERSARIES.) FIRE air conduits periodically examined for rubbish, etc., that might spread 9 alarm of, in navy yard, given by ringing bell and firing gun 408 163c copy of regulations concerning, hung about ship 9 during action, officer of powder division has charge of berth deck and below 13 master at arms to release all prisoners in case of serious r 1'J night alarm to be frequently sounded 9 pay officer's duty in case of <- I 55 ^ M precautions against, taken by senior engineer 159 718 precautions against, taken in vicinity of boilers and engines 94 377 Apparatus- carpenter responsible for good order of senior engineer responsible for condition of, in his department 159 718 to be kept in order and ready for use 94 377 Bill- division officers to be familiar with, and carry out requirements of kept complete, correct, and accessible contain full directions for extinguishing fire during quarters, when regular alarm is not given.. 88 367 530 INDEX. FIRE Bill Continued. PAGE. ART. hung up in conspicuous position on board ship 88 367 prepared by executive officer 116 603 transmitted to department at end of cruise , 96 384 Department at shore stations, exercised at least once a month 408 1633 at shore stations, organized under direction of commandant 408 1633 max b* Bent * fi near y^ 8 . but must be under own officers 408 1633 of shore station, to be in charge of captain of yard 413 1648 when unable to control fire at shore station, commandant may call outside aid 408 1633 Engines at navy yards, in charge of bureau yards and docks 3 7 FIREMEN special facilities for washing clothing, etc., given to 90 371 FIRES for cooking to be extinguished at tattoo, unless otherwise ordered 92 376 general regulations and duties concerning, for ships in commission 92 376 made occasionally in drying stoves, etc., to dispel moisture 386 1581 master at arms to see extinguished, as prescribed 170 766 not to be hauled after steaming, but allowed to die out 385 1581 on board ships permanently at yards, extinguished at same hours as on ships in commission 407 1633 unauthorized, extinguished when explosive is being embarked or disembarked % 385 unauthorized, extinguished when magazines are opened, etc j ^ pl- under boilers, not lighted or hauled without order from commanding officer 159 719 FISCAL YEAR appropriations unexpended at end of, carried as surplus fund 299 1376 commencement and divisions of 364 1561 supplies under contract deliverable before expiration of 299 1376 FISH COMMISSION officers of navy on duty under, amenable to navy regulations 16 50 officers of navy on duty under, held responsible for care of persons, etc., under their control 16 50 officers of navy on duty under, to report to and obey orders of commissioner or his assistant 16 50 FITTING OUT duties of captain when 86 360 executive officer to examine equipment supplies when 122 542 duties of ordnance officer of ship when 130 586 duties of pay officer when 154 698 duties of senior engineer when 157 709 duties of senior medical officer when 143 637 navigator to inspect navigation outfit when, and report defects to captain 125 557 FLAG foreign, may be used to deceive the enemy, but to be hauled down before firing 64 272 national, not used on lines in dressing ship 32 108 of commander in chief killed in battle kept flying until end of action 14 42 of commander in chief, to be shifted if practicable, before flagship goes to navy yard 409 1639 of flag officer as member of inspection board, not hoisted when inspecting ship 27 80 of flag officer assuming command in presence of senior, not saluted _7 81 of flag officer assuming command to be hoisted and saluted 26 76 of flag officer hauled down when absent over 24 hours 38 146 of flag officer not hoisted on more than one ship at a time 27 78 of flag officer relinquishing command, hauled down at last gun of salute 27 77 of officer in command of naval station, where hoisted 38 145 of president, displayed at main while on board ship 23 56 of secretary navy, displayed at main while on board ship 24 63 personal, of officer, is half masted on his decease 39 55 quarantine, displayed in case of contagious or infections disease 393 1596 red, hoisted when taking in powder 96 386 seniority of flag officers noted by colors of 37 143 ship flying president's, is the senior, and her motions are to be followed 23 66 INDEX. 531 FLAG LIEUTENANT PAGE. ABT. is member of personal staff of flag officer 79 342 to be line officer and not above grade of lieutenant 79 343 FLAG OFFICER absence from command in a U. S. port more than 24 hours, flag is hauled down and that of next senior hoisted 38 146-7 absence from his ship at night indicated by three lights at peak 28 84 assuming command, ceremonies observed at 26 76 assuming command in presence of senior or junior, salutes, etc 27 81 ceremonies observed on death of a 43 173 ceremonies observed on leaving or returning to flagship 27 82 disabled, his duty is performed by officer next in rank J 14 41 embarked as passenger not in a flagship, displays his flag and exercises authority 15 44 honors shown when passing a ship and displaying his flag 27 83 inspecting a ship as member of a board on inspection, ceremonies, etc 27 80 intention of leaving ship in daytime indicated by blue pennant under his flag 28 84 killed in battle, directions regarding succession 14 42 on foreign service, to send duplicate of important letters by different routes 400 1609 receives same honors in command of shore station as if on sea duty 28 85 return salutes made by 36 134 to be addressed in correspondence by his official character 57 242 visiting officially and for the first time a ship not under his command, ceremonies, etc 27 79 Or commodore not in chief command authority when separated from commander in chief 73 313 duty as commander of squadron or division 73 312 may shift flag during action if his ship is disabled 74 314 obey without delay or modification all orders, signals, etc., of commander in chief 73 311 to aid commander in chief during an action 74 315- to make reports to commander in chief after an action or important service 74 316 FLAGSHIP any ship of squadron may be selected by commander in chief as 61 254 chief of staff, personal, and fleet staff, are embarked in and borne on books of 79 345 displays light on the mizzen in port or at sea, if in company 28 84 internal administration and discipline of, should be exercised by captain 72 310 signal force of, under direction of personal staff 80 346 FLEET to be formed into squadrons or divisions by commander in chief 64 267 FLEET CAPTAIN. (See also CHIEF OF STAFF) reports and returns made by ' 371 FLEET ENGINEER examines, when directed, motive power of ships of fleet 83 353 exercises supervision over other engineer officers of fleet in regard to their duties 83 353 general duties of 82 353 is member of fleet staff, embarked and borne on books of flagship = 80 347 makes suggestions or reports concerning supplies or motive power of fleet, iu writing 83 353 performs duties of senior engineer in flagship 82 353 reports and returns made by 375 sends all reports, communications, returns, through chief of staff 83 353 supervises requisitions for engineer stores of fleet 83 353 FLEET MABINE OFFICER drills and instructs marines of squadron on shore, when authorized 84 354 inspection of guards of fleet by 83 354 is member of fleet staff, embarked and borne on books of flagship 80 347 performs duty of commanding officer of guard of flagship 83 354 returns of fleet concerning guards forwarded through 84 354 FLEET PAYMASTER accounts of paymaster of fleet kept separate from accounts of flagship 82 352 examines condition of stores, supplies, accounts, money, etc., in charge of pay officers of fleet- 82 352 exercises general supervision over manner of keeping accounts by pay officers of fleet 82 352 1344835 532 INDEX. FLEET PAYMASTER Continued. PACK. ABT. is member of fleet staff, is embarked and borne on books of flagship 80 347 keeps account of supplies at naval depots, etc., within limits of command 82 352 makes purchases for fleet as prescribed - 82 352 negotiates bills of exchange and procures supplies of money for fleet 82 352 performs duties of pay officer of flagship 82 352 reports and re turnss made by ,. , .. 374 sends reports, communications, and returns to chief of staff, except such as go to treasury 82 352 supervises requisitions for stores of pay departments of ships of fleet 82 352 FLEET SURGEON approves and forwards death certificates and medical surveys 81 351 exercises general supervision over medical officers of fleet in their professional duties 81 351 forwards reports, communications, and returns through chief of staff 81 351 inspects naval hospitals within limits of the command 81 351 is member of fleet staff, IB embarked and borne on books of flagship " 80 347-9 makes medical inspections of ships of fleet as prescribed 81 351 makes reports after battle of killed and wounded 81 351 performs duties of senior medical officer of flagship 81 351 reports and returns made by 373 supervises requisitions for medical stores for fleet 81 361 FLOOD COCKS of magazines and shell rooms tested weekly 130 587 FOG precautions taken during by officer of deck ; 132 593 water-tight doors, etc., kept closed if possible at sea and during a 91 375 FOOD articles of, in bumboat inspected by medical officer previous to sale 146 661 condition of, examined by fleet surgeon in case of epidemics 81 351 for the sick inspected by medical officer 145 659 FOREIGNERS 439 441 279 289 not to be enlisted unless understanding and speaking English 174 780-3 FOREIGN PORT armed force from ships not landed without permission of local authorities 66 283 communication with officials of, sent through diplomatic or consular officers of U. 8 66 281 conduct of officers and men in, directions for 68 289 national flag of, saluted on entrance if return will be made 33 112 reward for absentees ordeserters in, sent to consul of U. S. 191 879 salute to national flag of, not given more than once in twelve months 35 131 visits of ceremony to foreign officials in 42 169 visits to diplomatic and consular officials of U. S. in 41 168 F011T- of U. 8. not to be sainted by onr own ships 34 123 salutes to the port by foreign ships are returned by U. S 36 136 FOURTH AUDITOR duties of with naval accounts 356 1527 monthly summary statements sent to, by pay officers of ships 366 1568 returns made to, by pay officers of ships 364 1563 to make proper credits to appropriations from proceeds of Sales 319 1439 FRAUD on part of contractor, purchasing agent, etc., reported by person kaving knowledge of 230 1082 FREIGHT bills in payment of, prepared by general storekeeper, and paid at destination 298 1375 by whom payable, stated on bills of lading 275 < 12 74 on gold, etc., in naval vessels, share of officers 231 1088 c 401 duties of captain in intercourse with 104 < J^: duties of commander in chief in intercourse with 66 < C INDEX. 533 FREIGHT Continued. PAGE. ART. on gold, bill of lading signed by captain J 230 1088 on naval shipments, not paid over land-grant or bonded railroads 292 1350 FKESH PROVISIONS. (See lso PROVISIONS) , as part of ration, precautions concerning 285 1321 for crew, inspected by officer of deck 301 1387 not issued more than four times a week unless recommended by surge on '. 235 1319 when not obtainable from general storekeeper, how purchased 278 1279 FRICTION MATCHES other than safety not allowed on board ship 94 377 FUEL. (See COAL.) FULL POWER TRIALS. (See TRIALS.) FUNERALS. (See also HONORS and SALUTES) arrangement of boats in 46 187 at sea, directions for 44 181 ceremonies, honors, and salutes 43 177 command, order, etc.j of procession 46 187 expenses of enlisted men, allowance for 264 1236 expenses of officer dying in U. S. not allowed 264 1235 expenses of officer dying on duty abroad, not to exceed one month's sea pay 263 1235 expenses of officer for travel in attending, not allowed 260 1219 expenses of officers or men in marine corps, how charged and provided for - 2C4 1237 firing of minute guns at, for flag or field officers 44 < j^ formation on shore :. 46 188 honors not paid between sunset and sunrise 45 183 of diplomatic or consular officer of the U. S., arrangements 47 192 of foreign officials to be attended 47 194 of officers or men of the navy in foreign port : 45 184-6 preparations for, made by executive officer . 119 256 FURLOUGH at expiration of, officers receive waiting orders pay 249 1158 officers of navy on active list may be placed on, by secretary navy 53 232 pay of officers on, is one-halfleave of absence pay 249 1158 FURNITURE repairs to and aontrol of, at navy yards, is under bureau of yards and docks 3 7 FUZES fulminate, etc., stowed in places designated, and kept apart from gun cotton primers 96 385 GALLANTRY acts of, by officers and men, to be specially reported to secretary navy 193 896 acts of, in saving life, medals awarded 193 895 enlisted men promoted to warrant officers for 193 893 enlisted men may receive medals of honor for . '193 894 medals, not foreign, and presented for, may be worn by officers as prescribed 4S 196 GAMBLING among crew to be prevented by master at arms 170 766 in all places under control of navy department is forbidden 1 232 1095 GANGWAYS port, used by all persons other than commissioned officers or their visitors ; 30 99 sentries at, to salute officers in uniform passing 30 98 starboard, used by commissioned officers and their visitors 30 99 GENERAL ORDERS assumption of command, and appointment of staff of commander iu chief, to be announced in 57 543 character of 401 1613 comparison to be made when ships meet 100 406 copies of, to be furnished by commander in chief to his captains in time of war 64 266 of captain of a ship, not changed during his temporary absence 113 497 of department, or commander in chief, to be read at general muster and fact entered in log < gi ?Pr 534 INDEX. GENERAL ORDERS Continued. PAGE. ART. relating to duties of the ship, are issued by captain through executive officer 88 366 relating to the service as a whole, are issued from office of secretary navy 401 1614 GENERAL QUARTERS - crew to be exercised at, once a week 89 370 GENERAL STOREKEEPER. (See also PAT OFFICERS) articles pertaining to bureau of equipment as specified, are exempted from the custody of 267 1249 bales, packages, or casks, delivered by, direction for receipt 279 1289 certifies upon open purchase requisitions, urgency, etc 270 1262 delivery of provisions or stores for a ship fitting for sea, by 280 jHj!? directions for the holding of supplies by designated departments 2G9 1255 duties in taking up manufactured articles 272 1268 equipage and supplies turned in from ship going out of commission, directions concerning 310 1410 expenditure of supplies, to be preceded by stub requisitions 270 1258 expenditure vouchers, preparation of, by 271 1265 has custody of all articles manufactured at shore stations 268 1252 has supplies inspected when received 294 1360 is charged with putting outfit and supplies on board ship not in commission 273 1268 is responsible for correctness of vouchers for supplies accepted 296 1366 makes requisitions for articles required and not in store 270 1262 makes requisition upon the bureau for materials and supplies required at shore stations 290 1346 making shipments, duties, and directions concerning : 274 1269 prepares purchase requisitions for outfit and supplies not in store 273 1268 prepares requisitions for ordinary commercial supplies 294 1356 repairs to equipage without survey, directions concerning aos 1407 reports and returns tabulated, made by 377 reports to paymaster general regarding completion of outfit and supplies forship commissioning. 273 1268 requisitions to be made on, for supplies for ships at or near navy yard 278 1278 requisitions upon, to be in conformity with classified schedule 271 1246 supplies fresh provisions to ships when convenient 278 1279 guppliesfresh water to ships at navy yard . 278 1281 supplies locks and keys for use in pay department 279 1282 supplies purchased during fiscal year, how held and issued by 269 1255 takes up in books models of ships 268 1253 time allowed for settling accounts 367 1571 to be informed of repairs, etc., making at another navy jard 273 1268 to be from pay corps, and have charge of all supplies on shore, with exception noted 267 1246 to facilitate information and examination of supplies by heads of departments 269 1257 to forward daily press copies of transfer invoices 355 1520 to invoice articles condemned for repairs, to proper department 308 1407 to take up articles turned into store by survey in reserved account 308 1407 to render daily reports of expenditures to yard departments 355 1520 to render quarterly returns of receipts and expenditures and balances on hand 354 1519 to render weekly returns of quantities on hand . 354 1519 GOOD CONDUCT BADGES may be given enlisted men of marine corps by commandant 201 926 regulations for awarding 194 97 to be presented at general or special muster 196 903 to be worn by recipients at general muster, Sunday inspection, and other ceremonial occasions 49 207 GRATUITY equal to 3 months' pay, given honorably discharged men reenlisting 251 1173 of one hundred dollars, given enlisted men for heroism 193 893 to persons in navy or employed by department, from contractors, forbidden 230 1084 GROUNDING. (See also Loss and WRECK) of ship, form of inquiry by court 453 1751 to be investigated by board or court 70 302 INDEX. GUARD. (See also MARINES) composition and force of, for ships. 535 PAGE. ART. 218 1023 daily report of, to be made as prescribed 21 deficiencies, when supplied on order of commandant of station for general court-martial, how detailed for ship commissioning, to be accompanied by all its officers 21 for vessels of navy, detailed by commandant of corps 2 for vessels of navy, how selected 205 forms division in organization of ship's company for battle 21 may be required to remain on board of ship going out of commission until 21 mounting, details of noncommissioned officers of, can not be reduced in rating except by sentence of court 216 not paraded for officers in plain clothes of receiving ships and others at yard, to be lauded for instruction with marines at barracks 210 of ships of squadron, inspected by. fleet marine officer paraded when flag officer passes in boat with flag flying 2 paraded when ship is put in commission ' vacancies in, at home or abroad, how filled 217 101] GUARDIAN. (See also APPRENTICES) appointed for minor heirs of a deceased person 3 consent of, necessary in enlistment of minor r > furnishes "consent" when unable to appear with boy enlisting 18 or parent, to accompany boy wishing to enlist to be notified of discharge of a minor apprentice GUARDSHIP- in squadron, detailed by chief of staff 7 GUN COTTON- ' ^ care of places for stowing designated by captain GUN FIRE times of, at home and abroad, by flagships GUNNER accountable for condition of armament and ordnance stores w age and requirements of candidates for appointment assistant to ordnance officer le not detached at end of cruise till survey of ordnance stores performs clerical services on ordnance accounts and returns responsible for condition and tests of life buoys 1 station at quarters and all hands as prescribed r 167 to comply with ordnance instructions in regard to battery and material to report necessary repairs to armament or other department work Chief mate performs all the duties when there is no gunner HAMMOCKS of absentees, taken in charge by master at arras HARBOR. (See also PORT) inaccurately charted, to be resurveyed 10 HATCHES- means for covering kept in place and ready for use tarpaulins for, not tote used for other purposes without permission 13 to water-tight compartments to be examined weekly 9 HAWSE to be kept clear when ship is moored HAWSERS- quarterly examination of, to be made HEALTH. (See also BILL OF HEALTH) appliances for preserving, of crew, to be inspected, kept in constant use, and reported on 5 officers on sick leave, to report state of, to department every 15 days 405 1628 49 209 130 589 170 770 120 532 536 INDEX. HEALTH Continued. , PAGE. AKT. precautions for preservation of, on unhealthy stations 71 304 sanitary measures regarding crew to be adopted 89 371 Officer to be given every facility and information in making visits 393 1595 HEROISM. .(See QAIAAMTBT. HOLDS fleet surgeon to examine, in cases of epidemics 81 351 lights in, to be extinguished before 7:30 p. m 92 371 to be closed daily by 7:30p. m 118 612 uncovered lights in, not allowed except to test the air i 92 376 use of matches not allowed in 94 377 HOLIDAYS national, etc., designated by the president, observed on ships and naval stations 43 176 Saturday afternoon observed as, on board ship _ 56 239 HONORABLE DISCHARGE. (See also DISCHARGE) date of reenlistment to be endorsed on, by recruiting officer 173 779 directions for, when blanks are wanting 180 809 enlistment record consulted when granting 179 798 entitles apprentice reenlisting within 3 months to benefits of continued service 187 844 entitles enlisted men to privileges of a home on receiving ship' 194 899 entitles to regnlistment under continuous service in ratiugheldat 178 796 persons who may be entitled to 179 798 HONORS. (See also CEREMONIES AJTD SALUTES) funeral, not paid between sunset and sunrise 45 183 in funeral ceremonies 43 177 not shown to nation or official of nation not formally recognized by U. S 33 115 of the side, at official reception or departure of commissioned officers or other officials 29 94-6 of the side, when dispensed with 30 97 shown officials visiting shore stations same as if visiting ships 32 111 to foreign officials visiting a ship of the navy 33 114 HOSPITALS at Hot Springs, for army and navy, conditions of admission 245 114 board of survey to recommend transfer of sick to 184 836 condition of admission of sick, wounded, or disabled officers 237 1113 convalescent patients may be detailed for light duty in 239 1122 daily journal entries made at 23S 1119 detail of medical officer as officer of the day at 238 111S forms observed on admission of patients to 239 1126 medical officers in charge are responsible for treatment of sick, discipline, etc., of institution 237 1114 medicines, etc., received at, to be inspected 238 1116 no changes to be made in buildings and grounds without authority of bureau 238 1115 officers admitted are entitled to remain until cured unless 237 1112 persons in navy may be sent to other than naval 263 1234 persons not connected with, not to be lodged or subsisted in 239 1123 persons transferred to Philadelphia report to governor of naval home 184 g31 regulations to be submitted to secretary navy 240 1132 tickets for, sent with each person transferred and medical officer accompany patient ... i'-.t'J ll-L to be in charge of bureau of medicine and surgery 6 12 twenty cents a month deducted from pay of all persons in navy or marine corps for fund of 247 1150 value of one ration per diem is deducted from pay of patient in 256 1198 weekly report of sick to be made from 240 1131 within limit of command afloat, inspected quarterly by fleet surgeon 81 351 HULL no alterations to be made in, without orders of department 408 1637 repairs to, made by ship's mechanics when possible _ 108 467 of iron and steel ships to be painted white 392 1594 * INDEX. 537 HTDROGRAPHIC PAGE. ART. information of important character to be reported by cruising ships to department 106 454 information, notices, charts, etc., how issued 402 1614 office is under bureau of navigation 2 6 IMPRISONMENT. (See also CONFINEMENT) at hard labor, or for life, may be adjudged as substitute for death 477 1855 sentences of, to be explicit as to duration 478 1858 INCOMPETENCY court-martial may disrate for 182 821 disrating is the only authorized punishment for 459 1774 INDICATORS- cleaned, oiled, and detached from cylinder when not in use 384 1579 INDORSEMENTS * all official communications to have, by forwarding official 398 1608 on communications from subordinates to be made by officers forwarding 399 1609 copies of letters from department relating to ship's duties 399 1609 on letters, form to be followed 397 1607 on penalty envelope may be printed, stamped, or written 400 1610 to be on back of forwarded letters 398 1607 INFECTIOUS DISEASES. (See also DISEASES) medical officers to report immediately to captain any danger from 144 645 prevalence of, in foreign ports to be reported to bureau of medicine and surgery 150 681 quarantine flag to be displayed during continuance of, on board 393 1596 stringent measures to be used to prevent introduction or spreading of, on board ship ' 1^ ^g INFLAMMABLE MATTER in medical stores, to be under personal supervision of senior medical officer 93 377 liquid to be kept in metallic tanks on upper" deck 93 377 not to be permitted on board for private use 93 377 such as oily waste, must be destroyed immediately after use 93 377 to be keptas far from boilers as possible, and stowed in metallic tanks 93 377 INFORMATION can be best collected in important cases by courts of inquiry 449 1725 of important nature to be reported to secretary of navy by telegraph 403 1623 may be sent direct to department when separated from commander in chief 398 1008 regarding movements of ships to be forwarded to department 62 259 that will aid an actual or possible enemy not to be given by person in navy 54 236 penalty envelope may be enclosed to private persons for return of desired 400 1610 INJURIES surgeon general to decide on incomplete record whether received in line of duty 265 1244 to person in navy to be reported with statement of facts, to surgeon general 265 1243 INQUESTS. (See also BOABDS OF) directions for holding 446 1722 form to be used in recording proceedings at 447 1723 to be held in case of death attended with suspicious circumstances 446 1721 INSPECTION. (See also QUAKTEES) by commander in chief, of ships of his command 58 248 by quarterly board at yards, instructions for 295 1362 commandant of marine corps to make visits of, to stations as needed 201 923 duties of fleet engineer relating to _ 83 353 duties of fleet marine officer relating to 83 354 duties of fleet paymaster relating to 81 352 duties of fleet surgeon relating to 81 351 full dress, of marines on shore to be held every Monday 204 94-2 made by boards must be thorough and personal 290 1368 marines to be formed for, at quarters under own officers 216 1004 of cells and prisoners to be made by senior medical officer 146 662 of fire department of yards to be made daily 413 1648 of hospitals within limits of command to be made by commander in chief 60 250 of iron and steel ships in commission 390 1593 538 INDEX/ INSPECTION Continued. PAGE. AET. of lights, holds, etc., to be made by master at arms 169 765 of medical supplies at yards to be made by medical officer in charge 296 1369 of ship acting singly to be made by captain at prescribed times 100 404 of ships, by commander in chief, details of 58 249 of ships, not to be nia^.c by fleet staff except on written order 60 350 of ships preparing for commission, composition of board for 109 1638 of ships, when a captain relieves another of command 87 362 of supplies delivered directly on board ship at yard to be made by ship's officers 295 1365 of supplies, quarterly board of 3 officers to be appoiuted for 295 1361 of supplies received abroad to be made by officers of ship to which delivered 302 ^87 reports of, to be made by adjutant and inspector to commandant of marine corps 201 928 INSTRUCTION of apprentices to be continued on cruising ships 190 867 of apprentices on cruising ship to be supervised by chaplain 163 739 of marines on shore to be under control of their commanding officer 204 940 INSTRUCTIONS TO OFFICKKS acquaintance with naval laws, regulations, general orders, incumbent upon officers 229 1081 acting as news correspondent without permission of department, forbidden 64 235 admonition or caution in ordinary course of duty is not a punishment 226 1055 appeals from decisions of department to be addressed to the president 400 1609 application for revocation of orders does not justify delay in reporting 52 221 applications for duty or for revocation of orders must be made officially, giving reasons 62 220 boat service, ordinary, not to be considered detached duty 53 228 bureau of navigation to be informed of any change of address , 52 222 cheers not to be given as a compliment to any officer 31 106 combinations of officers for remonstrance against orders, etc., forbidden 52 218 command of army forces ashore not to be assumed unless by special authority 15 48 communication with commanding officer at proper times not to be denied 21 54 communications to congress must be forwarded through the department 231 1089 complaints or explanations to be confined exclusively to facts 221 1031 conflicting orders, course to be pursued in case of 52 216 custom of the service to be conformed to in absence of instructions 61 210 date and hour of receipt must be indorsed on orders 51 213 date of reporting for duty to be indorsed on orders : 51 215 desertion and straggling, legal means of checking to be used 190 872 diplomatic or consular appointments, acceptance of, vacates office 54 233 economy in procurement and expenditure of supplies strictly enjoined 279 1283 exchange of and absence from duty without authority forbidden 53 226 extra pay or emoluments for public service or duty forbidden, unless 247 1149 foreign decoratiocs not to be worn exposed 47 195 foreign officials to be given personal salutes due similar officials of the U. S. 33 116 form of address to be used in verbal official communications 32 107 form of salute 30 101 formal reprimand bars subsequent trial 222 1037 incurring debts 230 1087 incurring of expenses for private medical attendance 2(i3 1233 influencing legislation and discussing naval matters in public print, forbidden 54 235 iiifuriiml communications not to be signed or forwarded 398 1607 information that may aid an enemy forbidden 54 236 important papers from ships abroad to be sent in duplicate 400 1609 inspection of accounts by general inspector of pay corps to be facilitated 5:i 230 juniors meeting seniors, whether in uniform or not, must salute 30 100 juuiqrs must give way to seniors at landings and gangways 31 105 knowledge of frauds of any kind or by any person, to be reported in writing 230 1082 language reflecting upon superior forbidden 52 210 law of nations to be observed in relations with foreign states 61 210 letter books containing official letters sent and received, to be kept 402 1620 INDEX. 539 INSTRUCTIONS TO OFFICEKS Continued. ^ ^ g limitation of time for ordering a trial by court-martial ----------- - ^ ^ manner of exercising authority by superiors ------------------------- - mess bills to be paid in full monthly, except when on detached duty or in hp.tal__ money transactions with enlisted men forbidden ----------- national ensign to be saluted by all persons reaching the quarter deck or leaving the ship... . 30 99 no salutes with cannon or parade of guard to be given officers ,n plam clothes.. - J ^ offenses committed on shore to be reported to immediate superiors... officers can not place themselves on duty by virtue of a commission alone --------------- officers of the U.S. navy to be known as of the line and of the staff.. ----- - lffl cers on the retired list can not be employed on active duty except in t,me of war... officers to perform such duties as may be assigned by the department ---------- - ^ official certificates not to be given to inventors or other persons - official honors not to be given officers of U. S. navy, during meal hours.. ^ ^ official honors not to be shown officers when in plam clothes ----- - ^ ^ official visits must be returned within 24 hours ------------------- - -------- - ig 52 _ g on rank and command, laws and decisions ----------------------------- " n 22 on the authority of staff officers -------------------------------- g jg on the military authority of line officers ------------------------------------- ~ fil 213 orders for travel from department, how to be obeyed --------------------- ^ ^ orders involving travel must be in writing and specific --------------------- - gu orders to duty must be presented to officer to whom report is made. - ^ orde- to dut^ issuedonly by secretary navy, except where necessary On fore, S n stations... - 51 IU penalty for acting as attorney in prosecu^on of claims against U. S.. pennant not to be displayed by officer in command of vessel not on naval duty... -------- ^ personal interference in arrest of drunken men forbidden personal salutes must be extended to officers of army and marine corps.. - ^ personal salutes must be returned ------------------------------------ 2Q4 plain clothes may be worn as provided for in uniform regulations ------------------ plain clothes may be worn when on certain specified shore duty ------- Precedenceandquarterswhenondutyashorewiththearmytobe according to rank ... - 15 48 nrecedence of line and staff officers ------------------------------ - , publi C ati nofofficialdocumentswithoutauthorit y ofde P artment,forbidden... - ^ *& punishment to be in strict conformity with law ---------------------------- - ^ ^ receipt and execution of orders to be communicated to departmen - receiving gratuities or acting as agent for contractors forbid -- ^ ^ redress of wrongs, method of obtaining -------------------------- ~_ 5; 210 regulations to be observed and enforced by all officers -------------------- - ---- - - reports on fitness of officers to be made semiannually, or on detachment or transfer n ee of officer, to be ^^^ ' returnfromseaunderordersofsuperiortobereportedtobureauofnavigationonarrnaU. . 53 224 right of appeal not to be denied ------------------------------ ."~,"T ~J7"". 56 240 rules governing commanders in chief and captains to be exammed by all officers --------------- salutes to quarterdeck to be returned by officers of the watch ... Suteswithcannonnotgiventoofficersofarmyornavyexceptthoseexpresslymentioned.. . 28 ^ Saturday afternoon to be a half holiday on board ship -------------- - ^ ^ sea service, definition of ---------------------------------------- ^ ^ secretary of navy may furlough officers on active list ------------ - ^ ^ senior only returns salute when several officers are together in uniform ------------ - ^ Sunday is to be observed in orderly manner and labor reduced to mmimnm -------------------- JJJ suspension or arrest, directions concerning ---------------------------- _ to report at quarters unless on leave, when attached to ships in commmon ... nniform must be worn in foreign ports when in an official capacity... - ^ unnecessary, wasteful, or improper expenditure of public money or stores forbid - 231 1092 use of gangways ----------------------------------------- 40 j^ visits of ceremony with foreign ships and stations, rules governing ------------- - ^ ^ visits of courtesy to be made when reporting for duty -------------------------- 540 INDEX. INSTRUCTIONS TO OFFICERS Continued. PAGE. ART. yisits to department of officers under arrest or suspension without permission of secretary, forbidden 53 225 votes or resolutions in praise or censure of persons in naval service forbidden 231 1093 INSTRUMENTS medical, at yard, to be in charge of senior medical officer 267 1247 musical, exempted from charge of general storekeeper 268 1249 navigation, exempted from charge of general storekeeper 267 1249 surgical, loss or destruction of, to be reported to captain 149 676 surgical, to be surveyed before being replaced 149 673 INTELLIGENCE REPORTS may be required of marine officers serving afloat 218 1022 to be sent in as required by instructions 100 405 INTERNATIONAL CODE. (See SIGNALS.) INTERNATIONAL LAW commander in chief to consult diplomatic officials and take measures taprevent violations of 67 284 principles of, and treaty obligations to be observed when U. S. is at war 65 278 rules of, relating to neutrality and blockade to be respected 65 277 rules of, to be observed in protecting citizens of U. S 65 277 rules of, to be observed when dealing with neutrals 65 278 territorial authority of foreign nations guaranteed by, is to be respected 66 283 INTERPRETER may be employed to assist boards of examination 442 1710 may be employed to assist courts < ,~Q -iLJi INTERROGATORIES answers to, to be on oath and be kept in bureau as part of officer's record 443 1715 answers to, to be submitted to board of examiners and attached to proceedings 443 1715 may be sent on request to other seniors as well as to commanding officers 443 1715 regarding fitness of officers for promotion to be sent out by bureau of navigation 443 1715 INVALIDS. (See SICK.) INVENTORY of effects of captured persons to be taken 112 488 of effects of deceased persons to be taken 111 485 of effects of deserters to betaken 111 487 of papers, money, and stores, to be taken in case of death, etc., of pay officer 155 707 of supplies to be made on detachment of officer in charge 283 1308 INVESTIGATION of complaints of merchant seamen about provisions, how conducted 109 478 of offenses to be made in person ' 109 474 of offenses to be made not later than day following report 225 1048 to be made of all cases of serious damage '. 70 302 INVOICES alterations not to be made in, by recipient of supplies 276 1274 directions for inscribing 343 1502 of articles condemned for sale or repairs to state original and appraised values 308 1407 of articles shipped, information to be noted on 275 1271 of manufactured articles, how made out 271 1266 of medical stores, to be turned in when going cut of commission 148 669 of shipments over land-grant roads to be furnished depot IM 444 on board ships permanently at navy yard extinguished same as ships in commission 407 1633 open, and others below decks, except in officers' quarters, put out before 7:30 p. m 92 37fl INDEX. 545 LIGHTS Continued. PAGE. AET. special for officers' use as permitted by captain 92 376 standing, provided throughout open parts of ship 92 376 taken into paint room are to be carefully guarded 93 377 uncovered, never left unattended in any part of ship, and never used below berth deck except 92 376 LINE OFFICERS authority and military command to be exercised by 9 18 may be required in cruising ships to do navigation work 105 452 occupy rooms on starboard side of wardroom in order prescribed 227 1067 of junior grades, attached to navy yards as assistants to seniors 414 16"iO order of rank of 9 16 senior in boat is responsible for its safety and management 53 229 C223 1039 senior presides and has power to preserve order in officers' messes . <2 29 JJyJg statute laws and decisions on rank and command of 16 52 statutes governing promotion of ..... .,.'..- 442 1711 to take rank in grade by dates of commission - - 9 17 LIQUOR in medical stores not to be placed in charge of enlisted men 149 675 smuggling of, to be prevented by master at arms 169 766 LOG Ship's accidents to ship, outfit, or equipment, with particulars, entered in 136 608 changes, additions, or corrections to, how and by whom made 101 413 changes in allowances of provisions and authority for same, entered in 136 608 changes of rating entered in 183 829 commenced when ship is commissioned 127 568 course and distance made and wind and weather, entered in 135 608 daily entries to be made in, by navigator 127 568 deck, turned in at end of cruise, to equipment officer at navy yard . 128 568 details of discharges, entered in 181 816 draft of ship on leaving and entering port, entered in . 136 608 employment of hired vessels, with full details and authority for, entered in 136 608 exercises, evolutions, and times of making, entered in 135 608 lighting, banking, or hauling of furnace fires, with time and object, entered in 136 608 lists of stores received, entered in 134 597 marks and numbers of defective bales, casks, or packages, entered in 136 608 matters of interest or importance occurrimg in a watch, entered in 135 608 name, rank, or rating of all persons dying on board, entered in 110 485 namas and rank of all persons joining or detached from a ship, entered in 135 608 . names of passengers, and times of arrival or departure, entered in 135 608 persons taken prisoner by enemy, names of, entered in 135 608 prepared by and in care of navigator 127 668 prepared for signature of watch officers before morning quarters 127 568 punishments awarded, with details, entered in 136 608 ratings and disratings, entered in 136 608 records of court of inquiry pn accident to hip to be accompanied by extract from , 454 1753 revolutions of engine and steam pressure, entered in * 136 608 sighting of land, lighthouses, lightships, and any dangers, entered in 136 608 signals, with names of ships, to whom or by whom made, entered in 135 608 smooth, approved, signed and sent to department 128 568 stores loaned or sent out of ship, and by whose authority, entered in 136 608 stores, supplies, or money received, with source and object, entered in 136 608 stores surveyed and condemned, or converted, entered in 136 608 submitted to captain for inspection daily 128 568 test* of flood cocks, etc., entered in 130 587 time of all exercises to be entered in 91 375 to contain bearings and angles of ship's anchorage , 105 451 546 INDEX. LOG Ship's Continued. PAGE. AET. to contain copy of reports of boards of investigation 446 1720 to contain facts regarding desertion or straggling 191 876 transfers, discharges, deaths, and desertions, entered in 135 608 watch officers to be familiar with regulations for keeping 140 630 Steam approved by captain at end of month and on relinquishing command 101 415 begun when ship goes into commission 160 727 corrections made by senior engineer 101 415 entries for wind and weather, to be copied from ship's log 161 727 examined daily and attention called to inaccuracies 101 415 presented daily to captain for inspection and approval 161 727 smooth, sent quarterly to department 161 727 synopsis of, sent quarterly to department 161 728 LOOKOUTS stationed aloft underway, and if necessary, at anchor in daytime, also at night 104 443 LOSS. (See WRECK AND GROUNDING.) MACHINERY afloat, at navy yard, except vessels in commission, is in charge of chief engineer of yard 416 1656 designing, building, and repairing of, for ships, is under bureau of steam engineering 5 11 details of power trials of, to be made by ships in commission 382 1576 directions in using and the care of, on board ship 383 1679 dock trials of, and report on, of ship fitting out at navy yard 381 1574 for motive power of ship, boats, turret engines, steam pumps, and heaters, etc., is under care of senior engineer t 157 710 for turning turrets of ships, under bureau of steam engineering 6 11 instructions for the care of, in cruising ships, given by senior engineer to engineer of watch 162 732 notto be given full power trial if liable to a breakdown 382 1576 not to be put out of use for repairs without consent of captain 160 724 of ship about to be laid up, is taken charge of by senior engineer officer of yard 416 1656 of ship fitting out, and all spare parts, to be examined 86 360 power trials of, to be made in cruising ships 381 1575 repairs to and construction of, at navy yard, is in charge of senior engineer officer 416 1656 synopsis of condition of, and particular description of connections sent quarterly to department. 161 728 under cognizance of bureaus other than steam engineering, is to be inspected and repaired by senior engineer : 157 711 used for motive power in ship fitting out, to be examined by the senior engineer of ship 157 709 work needed for care and preservation, reported in writing to captain on arrival in port 160 725 MACHINIST may be enlisted in that rating 177 794 requirements for enlistment of 174 780 MAGAZINES air conduit connections to be disconnected except when in use 91 274 details of inspections of, in ship fitting for commission 130 586 keys of, delivered only to officer appointed to receive them 96 385 not to be opened without knowledge and consent of captain 96 385 persons entering not to have matches about them 94 377 powder removed from, for saluting not to remain out all night 96 385 to be closed in action by officer of powder division in case of fire 138 619 when open, officer always to be present 96 385 MAIL for crew, to be distributed through officer of deck by master at arms 95 379 lock boxes to be provided for, on board ship 95 379 matter sent under penalty envelope, conditions 400 1610 official, to foreign countries, is prepaid 401 1610 MAIL ORDEBLY appointed, and given authority to receive and sign receipts for registered letters 95 379 to keep book for entry of registered letters received or sent 95 379 INDEX. . 547 MALINGERING PAGE - AET - cases of, to be reported to captain - . 1^4 649 MALT LIQUOR as medical stores, not to be placed in charge of enlisted or appointed men 149 676 MANNING YARDS OR RAIL. (See CEREMONIES.) MARINE CORPS is subject to laws and regulations for government of navy except officers of, can not command navy yard or vessel of U. S on service with army, is subject to articles of war Adjutant and inspector is stationed at headquarters has charge of the records of the personnel keeps roster, makes monthly return, and inspects posts, money accounts, etc : 201 928 Assistant quartermaster duties of, at Philadelphia and Washington 202 | 931 Commandant approves or orders payment of all bills 20 discharges enlisted men on expiration of term, or for other reasons 200 distributes officers and men for duty at shore stations or on ships 200 duties devolve upon adjutant and inspector in absence of 199 exercises control over recruiting service 199 has immediate command of officers composing staff inspects the various stations when necessary 201 923 issues general orders for guidance or movement of officers and troops 199 913 makes annual report to secretary navy with estimates of appropriations 201 924 makes monthly return to secretary navy of strength and distribution of officers and men 201 922 not to issue special discharges except in cases of necessity 200 919 presents badges to enlisted men for marksmanship or good conduct 201 926 responsible to secretary of navy for efficiency and discipline of the 199 912 sends deserters apprehended or surrendering, to their ships or stations stationed at headquarters, Washington 199 911 supervises all supplies and expenditures 200 916 Paymaster is stationed at headquarters 203 932 pays officers and men monthly 203 932 receives and expends all funds for pay 203 sends account current of funds charged with, to fourth auditor 203 932 Quartermaster- has charge of quarters, barracks, and other public buildings 202 929 invites annual proposals for supplies and makes contracts in accordance 202 929 is stationed at headquarters ; 202 929 purchases and distributes military stores, clothing, rations, pays for transportation, etc 202 929 sends account current quarterly to fourth auditor of receipts and expenditures of money ..^ 202 929 MARINE OFFICERS acknowledge receipt of orders from headquarters 201 925 addressand change of residence reported to adjutant 201 925 applications for leave or details are addressed to commandant of corps 210 979 at sea, may be required to make intelligence reports 218 1022 authority when serving afloat is notthe same as that at shore stations 214 995 communications for other officers of corps, except letters with money or checks, are forwarded to commandant of corps 210 communications to or fronushore stations, through whom forwarded 210 978 detailed for duty as officer of the day at stations ; 209 969 entitled to receive army pay and allowances 252 1180 in charge of property of corps, is held accountable for preservation, etc 202 929 in garrison, wear prescribed uniform 209 975 leaves granted to, reported monthly to adjutant 207 958 longevity pay, how calculated 252 1181 1344836 INDEX. MARINE OFFICERS Continued. PAGE. ART. may draw forage, but not commute It 253 1187 may draw fuel at contract prices, but not commute it 253 1187 of guard aboard ship to visit sentinels frequently 216 1006 of two, attached to a.ship, one is at all times to be on board for duty 218 1015 on board sea-going ships, exercise their men in boats as directed 216 1003 on duty with detachments, assist commanding officer with reports, issues, etc 209 968 punishments of, to be reported to commandant of station 207 955 rates of pay during leave of absence 253 1183 relieving others at shore stations, report on arrival, first, to commandant of station 208 966 requests for leave, forwarded to commandant 210 979 when wholly retired, to receive one year's pay and allowances 253 1185* MARINES m Afloat (duties of commanding officer of) has charge of and is accountable for arms and clothing of guard 215 999 informs executive officer in regard to conduct of guard and recommends for liberty 218 1018 issues general orders to sentinels when approved by captain 216 1006 keeps accounts of clothing and muster rolls 218 1017 makes daily report of state of guard on forms prescribed 215 1001 makes daily inspection of quarters of guard 215 1001 recommends members of guard to vacancies 217 1011 to be attentive to health, comfort, and appearance of his guard 215 998 to be informed of any special orders to sentinels from officer of deck 216 1006 to be presen* at mast when offenses committed by guard are investigated 216 1007 Afloat (general regulations) can not be assigned to certain duties specified except in case of emergency 216 1008 composition and strength of guard 218 1023 discharges abroad, how made 217 1014 discharges of, in U. S., how made 217 1013 distinct part of complement of ship, and form a division 214 996 entitled to same privileges and subject to same discipline as crew 214 995 exercised at drills and instructions at times and places prescribed 215 1002 form for inspection at morning and evening quarters under their own officers 216 1004 furnished with clothing and small stores by pay officer 215 997 guard joining ship for sea service is to be accompanied by all its officers 214 993 inspections to be made by fleet officer , 219 1026 may be detailed for orderly duty, but not as messengers 216 1009 may be required to remain on board after crew is discharged when ship goes out of commission. 219 1026 monthly money allowance, how computed 218 1016 noncommissioned officers not reduced in rating except by sentence of court 216 1010 noncommissioned officers of, not detailed as mess cooks 216 1009 reports of offenses, how made and investigated 216 1007 required to keep their own part of ship in good order 216 1008 separate entries made on ship's books, but on same footing as seamen for rations 214 994 serving in mixed detachment are on right of battalion 218 1020 subject to orders of superiors when not on guard or as sentinels 216 1005 Shore station (duties of commanding officer of) assigns orderly room for use of noncommissioned officers 205 944 convenes council of administration as necessary 210 985 designates uniform of the day 209 976 details daily an officer of the day 209 969 forwards monthly muster roll to adjutant 207 958 forwards with men transferred descriptive list of each ^ 208 962 grants liberty to noncommissioned officers and enlisted men 204 938 has articles of war and for government of navy read monthly 205 M6 has charge of police, etc., of the command, not conflicting with general station regulations 204 937 has same authority for enforcing discipline as that vested in captain of a ship 203 934 holds full-dress Inspection weekly and daily dress parade, with exceptions noted 204 942 is recruiting officer 207 961 INDEX. 549 MARINES-Shore station (duties of commanding officer oil-Continued. issues countersign to such persons as may be designated keeps office file of general orders and publishes same keeps record of punishments inflicted _ makes conduct classification as prescribed . makes personal inspection of quarters, arms, guard rooms, cells, etc., of command- makes report to proper authorities of all deserters arrested or surrendered may place subordinate officers in temporary charge at battalion drill not to detail privates or corporals for higher duties, except as provided posts sentinels as directed by commandant and reports daily number, etc., of comm* - 204 K recommends discharge of men unfit for service ' responsible for discipline and efficiency of the command responsible for instruction of officers and men of command selects detachments for gervice on sea-going ships ^ supplies deficiencies in guard of ships on eve of sailing - Shore station (general regulations) ^ 991 accounts of post trader are not a lien on pay of ~ ggi _ bakery fund for - ,,, can not under any circumstances be employed as servants to officers ______-_--- t\-i ooo company fnnd for. 211 g gg council of administration for " ^ ^ enlistments and reiinlistments, conditions of exercised weekly, at battalion drill and great guns exercised with guards of receiving ships or others temporarily present < exercises and formations for parades, etc., are as prescribed for navy governed for recruiting by army regulations ~ ^ ^ paid monthly 9 ^ ggg post bakery for Q ^ 3 990 post trader for 20(J g53 privileges of conduct classification punishments for offenses, limitations upon ._. __ reductions and promotions of noncommissioned officers sentinel, camp and garrison duties are as prescribed for army subject to orders of commandant of station... wear prescribed uniform in garrison MARRIAGES 100 412 not to be performed on board ship, except as provided occurring on board ship in commission, to be reported to secretary of navy MASTER AT ARMS answers at general muster for members of crew absent without leave "19 761 arrests offenders, and reports at once the fact . ^ ^ clears lower decks when order is given. examines and supervises traffic with bumboats exercises watch over smoking privileges of crew ------------------------------------ extinguishes all unauthorized lights and fires before magazine is opened ---------------------- "U < " has charge of confinement of and suppression of disorder among prisoners --------------------- 171 773 has charge of mess crews, and is responsible for maintenance of order therein ----------------- 169 761 in case of danger, releases all prisoners, reporting to officer of deck -------- inspects holds, storerooms to see regulations for closing, lights, and keys complied with -------- 169 76o is chief petty officer and chief of police of a ship --------- keeps record of punishments by confinement, and reports all cases of imprisonment or release... 169 762 looks ont for conduct, order, cleanliness, and decorum of crew --------------------------------- 169 761 makes daily report of prisoners ---------------------------------------------------- ~ nightly rounds made by --------------------------------------------------------- " prevents smuggling or crew leaving ship without authority ------------------------------- > ' takes charge of effects of all absent and deceased members of crew takes charge of unclaimed private property found on board ------------- * --------------------- 170 76 to be present at auction sales of effects of deserters or dead ------------------------------------ 1 7.0 to prevent and check thieving, profane language, gambling, etc ----------------------------- 170 766 -to visit prisoners every four hours ---------------------------------- 550 INDEX. MATCHES PAGE. ART. not to be used in storerooms, holds, orlops, or taken into magazine 94 377 other than safety, not allowed on board ship 94 377 MATES are petty officers .. L _, 13 28 not assigned relative rank 13 28 seamen and ordinary seamen may be rated as 13 28 MEAL HOURS established by captain with due regard for ship's duties and health of crew 90' 371 honors to officers of navy to be dispensed with during 30 97 of crew, not to be disturbed by visitors passing through spaces allowed 90 371 ship's boats not to be away during, except on urgent public duty 95 380 MEAT. (See PROVISIONS.) MECHANICS at navy yards, paid twice a month 432 1679 employment of, at shore stations, committed to board of labor employment 418 1664 of cruising ship, may repair U. S. merchant vesselsabroad 390 1592 of other ships present may be taken in making repairsto ship of squadron 388 1584 repairs on ships in commission to be made by those of ship if possible 108 467 MEDALS. (See also BADGES) for distribution to be required for in time 110 484 of honor, life-saving, or good-conduct, to be worn by recipients on occasions of ceremony 49 207 of honor, what entitles to presentation oi 193 894 presentation of, to take place at general muster * 196 903 regulations for giving good-conduct '__ 194 897 rules governing giving life-saving 193 895 MEDICAL DIRECTOR relative rank of 10 20 MEDICAL INSPECTOR relative rank of - - 10 20 MEDICAL OFFICERS General instructions additions to stores or supplies, obtained by requisitions i 148 671 admission to hospital atHot Springs given by surgeon general 245 1146 apothecaries for shore stations are appointed by chief of bureau 435 1683 apprentices are entitled to benefits of pension law 187 846 boys enlisting for apprentices, necessary qualifications of 186 841 enlisting persons, having physical disabilities waived, to make full entry of condition in enlist- ment record 176 789 examination and promotion record, how made and forwarded ...-,., 244 1139 examination of applicants for enlistment, specific directions for 233 1104 general duties of, at navy yards 415 1663 have charge of sick bay 143 640 hospital journal kept by officer of the day 238 1119 hospital regulations to be submitted to secretary of navy SC 240 1132 hospitals are allowed one ration per day from persons in naval service admitted for treatment 263 1232 in charge of wards, are responsible for good condition of 239 1120 incomplete records of death, injury, or disability, are decided by surgeon general as to line of duty - 265 1244 list of candidates physically fit or unfit to be certified to, for promotion boards; 443 1713 may be called upon for opinion as to fitness of extra spaces for confining prisoners 225 1051 may be required by captain to give professional aid to persons not in naval service : 100 417 medical supplies and surgical instruments to be purchased abroad are to be selected by 300 1379 medicines issued to persons not in naval service to be noted in special prescription book 243 1134 microscopic work, directions concerning 245 1145 no concealment to be made of circumstances that may subject a ship to quarantine 393 1527 none others than, conduct physical examination of recruits 233 1101 not required to send quarterly reports from cruising ships, of expenditures for use 282 1300 officers in hospitals, directions concerning 237 1112 INDEX. 551 MEDICAL OFFICERS General Instructions Continued. PAGE. AST. officers sick or disabled, are entitled to attendance wherever thuy may be 237 ^ 1113 one medical officer to be on board ship ready for duty where two or more are attached 406 * 1629 patients should be accompanied with hospital tickets, but may be admitted without 239 1121 persons belonging to navy or marine corps may be sent to other than naval hospitals, and ex- penses paid from hospital fund -, 2 persons who can not be enlisted I 76 790 physical disqualification of officers caused by wounds in line of duty is not a bar to promotion.. 443 1712 physical examination of recruits not to be suspended for disqualifying defects 233 1102 il RQ8 physical examination to be a preliminary for all officers eligible for promotion 439 | 1699 property returns, how made and forwarded 243 quarterly abstracts and reports of sick 24 reiSxamination to be held on receiving ship of rendezvous recruits 237 1110 relative rank of requisitions for medical supplies from ship in commission, are made upon bureau of m. and s 278 1280 sending sick persons to hospital, directions concerning 184 831 stores and supplies are based upon allowance table 148 671 survey, medical, how made out and forwarded survey, medical, on enlisted persons in U. S. for disease not in line of duty 304 1395 survey, medical, on persons in naval service, order for and detail 303 1390 survey, medical, to be held on officers applyingfor leave or extension of, on account of ill health. 405 1628 survey' medical, to accompany requests by officers for detachment on account of ill health 405 1628 surveys on medical property within U. S 31* 1421 table of returns made by 3 ? 3 to have control of distilled spirits on board ship 229 1079 (144 642 to hold consultations upon treatment of the sick 1 151 690 to inspect food of crew as directed to make official returns of death or disability occurring to persons in naval service 265 1242 to make reports of death or disability as evidence for pension claims 265 1242 to make requisitions for stores upon surgeon general r -~ 294 1357 to send record to department of persons eligible for continuous service but physically disquali- fled m 792 to vaccinate immediately all recruits 237 1111 transfer of stores by -- 149 677 where attendance of naval medical officer or medicines can not be obtained by officers on duty, the extra expense is allowed 263 1233 Senior afloat- composition of the division of 150 duties regarding in voices of stores, when ship is commissioned 147 669 extra provisions and washing for the sick obtained by open purchase 149 672 has charge of sick and wounded in time of battle 150 683 has custody and charge of stores, storerooms, and keys 149 674 inspects sick and sick quarters and storerooms for cleanliness, order, etc 143 640 keeps himself informed of sanitary condition of port, and of personnel of ship 144 646 keys of medical storeroom not given enlisted man without permission of captain 149 674 makes semiannual requisition for stores on pay officer of ship may require additional attendants for the sick 145' 651 medical outfit of ship going out of commission, directions concerning 148 669 meteorological observations entered in journal 150 680 not to enlist persons unfit for naval service except by special authority from department 176 788 not to give unofficial certificates of ill health or inability to perform duty 145 656 receives health officer when visiting ship in port 149 679 receiving patients for transportation to hospital in ship going home, directions for 244 1142 refusing permission to juniors to leave^ship, reports reasonsto captain 151 691 reports to captain any neglect in preparation of food for crew, and for sick 145 658 station at quarters is in sick bay 150 table of reports and returns made by 552 INDEX. MEDICAL OFFICERS Seniors afloat Continued. PAOE. ART. takes charge of division and sick at quarters anJ reports absentees 150 684 takes charge of sick and wounded in battle 150 683 to be member of board for enlisting boys . 186 842 to enterin report book names of subordinates, for breaches of discipline 151 686 to examine crew for concealed diseases when directed 145 650 to examine rew of ship fitting out, for comparison of descriptive list 143 638 to examine dispensary and storerooms and accommodations for sick when ship is fitting out 143 63T to examine food or drink offered to crew for sale 146 661 to examine prisoners and places of confinement forcrew, and report results to captain 146 662 to give personal attention to safety of inflammable medical stores 93 377 to have at hand articles for relief of wounded and distribute tourniquets at quarters 145 <-gf to have complete analyses made of shore water for drinking or cooking 146 660 to inspect, when required, provisions for crew 145 657 to keep a medical journal 147 667 to make daily report in writing of names and condition of sick 144 643 to make reports during prevalence of epidemic diseases on certain stations 150 681 to make reports of physical condition of naval cadets during service on board 244 1143 to make written suggestions concerning sanitary condition of ship or its personnel 144 647 to make yearly sanitary report to bureau 150 682 to prepare certificates of death 147 666 to prepare daily binnacle list 144 644 to procure bill of health before leaving port and exhibit it on arrival 1 149 679 to report immediately danger from contagious or infectious disease 144 645 to report loss or destruction of medical stores, instruments or furniture 149 676 to report to captain malingering or suspicion of same , 144 649 to request medical survey on persons unfit for duty 146 663 to see that attendants of the sick have knowledge of their duties 144 641 to transmit official papers through captain 147 668 to vaccinate members of crew as required 143 639 transfer of patients from on board ship, directions to 146 664 transmits official reports ito the captain 147 668 Senior ashore as member of board examining recruits, to keep a record 233 1100 discharge of patients from hospital, records and forms to be observed 240 1128 is accountable and responsible for all property under his control 243 1137 in charge of naval hospital, is responsible for care and treatment of sick and general discipliue. 237 1114 keeps a bill book for items of vouchers 244 1141 may detail convalescent hospital patients for lightservice 239 1122 not to allow changes in buildings, furniture or grounds of naval hospital 238 1115 not to allow hospital patients any but regular attendants 239 1123 not to subsist or lodge at hospital persons other than officers on duty, patients and employes 239 1123 to detail an officer of the day for hospital duty 238 1118 to examine recruits or candidates offering at yard 415 1653 to follow diet tables prepared for patients in hospitals 239 1124 to follow forms as prescribed for admission of patients at hospital 239 1126 to give professional assistance to employes injured while at work in yard 415 1653 to give professional attendance to all families residing in the limits of navy yard or station 415 1653 to give professional attendance to all persons of navy and marine corps on duty at navy yards . 415 1653 to have case papers by officers in charge of wards presented for weekly examination 238 1117 to inspect all medicines, provisions, and supplies delivered at hospital 238 1118 to make daily report to commandant of persons in naval service attached to yard excused from duty 415 1653 to make weekly report of sick in hospital as prescribed 240 1131 to make yearly return of library books ' 244 1138 to report to commandant of station patients left in hospital after sailing of their ship 240 1127 to send names of marines on duty at station and unfit for duty to their commanding officer 415 1653 INDEX. 553 p MEDICAL OFFICERS Continued. PAOB. ABT. Junior afloat and ashore general duties of 151 jgg* in absence of senior, next in rank performs duties 151 687 on duty at shore stations, to be guided by regulations prescribed when at sea 415 1654 to obtain permission to leave ship from senior medical officer before asking executive officer 151 691 MEDICINES are furnished for ships in commission from the naval laboratory 267 1247 expenses for, incurred by an officer on duty and not obtainable from naval supplies, are allowed- 263 1233 issue of, to persons other than those of navy, to be noted in book kept for the purpose 243 1134 to be inspected when received by officers who have charge of them 238 1116 to be weighed, measured, and labeled for distribution to sick under supervision of junior medi- cal officer 151 688 MERCHANT VESSEL crews of, complaining of quality of provisions or water, procedure 109 478 distressed seamen from, may be received on foreign stations 109 479 in collision with ships of the navy, directions concerning 98 400 in distress and getting seamen from ship of navy, is to pay them wages stipulated 252 1176 information received from, to be kept in boarding book . 135 604 of the U. S., political refugees on board of, in territorial waters to be given asylum under cir- cumstances prescribed 68 287 of U. 8. may be repaired abroad by naval mechanics when necessary 390 1592 protection and convoy to be provided in time of war for those of the U. S. and allies 65 276 seamen prisoners from, sent on board naval ships for transfer to civil authorities 109 477 MESS, MESSES, OR MESSING arranged according to customs of the service and a cook assigned to each, for crew 196 905 bills, officers not excused from payment of, unless on detached duty or sent to hospital J 229 1078 bills to be paid monthly in advance by officers in seagoing ships 229 1078 boys may be distributed among 196 908 caterer to be elected for officers'. 229 1077 (00 37 1 gear, to be frequently inspected fa & 513 general division of, for the crew 196 906 hours for, established with regard to ship's duties and health of crew 90 371 in ships with two cabins 228 1074 of officers embarked as passengers 229 1075 personal staff, in cabin _ 228 1074 senior line officer presides at 229 1076 separate, not to be formed in same apartment 228 1073 wardroom and steerage officers may form wine_ 229 1080 Oooks. are responsible for keeping and expenditure of money for 197 909 not to be taken from apprentices or petty officers '. jjgg ^ of marines aboard ship, not taken from noncommissioned officers 216 lOOa to be selected from men of the lowest rating 196 907 MESSENGERS apprentices not to be detailed as, for longer than three months 190 866 MILEAGE allowance for travel at home and abroad 260 1218 allowance in case of unauthorized change of residence 261 1223 allowance to persons not in employ of U. S. and summoned as witnesses 262 1225 for travel abroad, how certified to and paid 2 to report to executive when magazines and shell rooms are ready for ammunition 130 586 Stores- accountability of gunner for condition of 167 751 candidate for gunner to understand stowing and care of 437 1690 duties of ordnance officer relating to 129 583 survey to be held on, on going out of commission 130 589 to be in charge of ordnance officer on board ship ' 129 582 to be inspected when fitting out 130 586 to be issued only on authority of ordnance officer 167 751 ORGANIZATION bills of, to be made out as soon as possible after commissioning 88 367 details of duty connected with, to be carried out by executive 115 500 duties of, appertain to command and are performed by authority of commanding officer 18 54 duties of, devolve on executive by virtue of his detail 19 54 of ship| to be in accordance with naval laws and regulations 88 364 PAINT colors prescribed for iron and steel ships and boats of all ships 392 1594 room, precautions against fire in 93 377 PAINTER is enlisted as landsman 177 794 PALL BEARERS. (See FUNERAL CEREMONIES.) PASSAGE to home port allowed enlisted man sick in foreign hospital, at expiration of term of service 262 1226 PASSED ASSISTANT ENGINEER relative rank of 10 20 1344837 564 INDEX. PASSED ASSISTANT PAYMASTER PAOF,. ART. duties assignable to , ^_ 153 692 relative rank of 10 20 PASSED ASSISTANT SURGEON relative rank of - 10 20 PASSENGERS no allowance made for subsistence of, on ships of the navy 255 1197 officers embarked as and assigned to duty, do not displace regular ship's officers in quarters 228 1072 officers embarked as, and junior to captain, may be assigned to duty if necessary 15 44 officers embarked as, mess with officers of similar rank ! 229 1075 officers embarked as, when senior to captain, to have no authority unless flag officers 15 44 officers of the army embarked as, live In apartments of ship's officers of similar rank 395 }|~j t no QCO on board ship in home or foreign waters, case of < jur women not allowed as, on board ships in commission for sea service 65 239 PASSES issuance and use of at navy yards 412 1646 PAY. (See also CHECKS, DRAJTS, MONET, and ACCOUNTS) General instructions change in rate of, by reason of orders, directions concerning 250 1167 checkago against account by sentence of court is to be made by written order of captain 252 1179 extra to salaried officials, not allowed unless specifically appropriated for 247 1149 for length of service or promotion, date of increase fixed by fourth auditor 250 1162 is not affected by temporary leave of absence 250 1166 of assistant paymaster when promoted, is from date of such promotion 250 1163 of bonded officers to begin upon approval of bond by secretary navy 249 1161 of chiefs of bureaus is highest of grade, but not below commodore 247 1151 of employes of navy yard is per diem or salaried 357 1538 of fleet staff does not begin till flagship reaches her station unless 248 1154 of fleet staff is for officers designated or ordered as such by secretary navy 248 1154 of officer detailed for active service from the retired list in time of war 249 1159 of officer failing for promotion and afterwards qualified, directions 250 1169 of officer on active or retired list is regulated by Congress 247 1147 of officer resigning or dismissed is up to and inclusive of date of official notice 251 1170 of officer wholly retired is one year's waiting orders pay of his grade 249 1160 of officers to be made monthly 336 1493 of persons actingas paymasters to be that of the acting appointment 248 1155 of persons holding temporary appointments and detached abroad continues until arrival home 361 1551 of volunteer officers to be same as regular officers of same grades 247 1148 rate of, not changed by preparatory orders 250 1168 twenty cents a month for hospital fund paid by all persons in navy or marine corps 247 115C upon original entry, commences upon date of oath of office, except bonded officers 249 1161 Sea / begins from date of reporting for duty on board ship in commission 248 1153 continues while attending upon civil court unless detached 247 1152 continues while returning under orders from abroad in a ship of the navy 247 1102 does not necessarily give credit for sea service 247 1152 of officers serving on tugs or ships attached to navy yards to be noted on roll 358 1540 officers are entitled to, while attached to and serving on board of ship in commission under con- trol of department, coast survey, or fish commission 247 1152 Shore or other duty allowed pay officer settling accounts for period specified 249 1157 is that of duty not entitling to sea pay 248 1156 member of court from time of leaving domicile, until return by order of department, receives 248 1156 officer appearing before examining board and not attached to ship in commission, receives 248 1156 officer ordered for trial before court, receives 248 1156 officer ordered from one ship to another, both in commission, receives in transit 248 1156 INDEX. 565 PAY Shore or other duty Continued. PAGE. AST. ' officer ordered to report by letter for duty in coast survey, not entitled to, until leaving domicile 248 1156 officer proceeding to or returning from station under orders, not at own request, receives 248 1166 officer as member or witness of court, receives 248 1156 Leave or waiting orders- accounts of, for officer on^taken up by fourth auditor or pay officer of shore station 250 1165 officer not on duty or furlough, receives 249 1157 officer returning from abroad at own request, receives 249 1157 pay officer taking longer than period specified for settling accounts, receives 249 1157 officer suspended by sentence of court, unless otherwise provided in sentence, receives 249 1157 Furlough- is one-half of leave of absence pay 249 1158 officer on, and ordered to duty, but detached before expiration of specified term, case of 249 1158 officer on, receives waiting orders pay, at expiration of specified time 249 1158 Retired no increase of, for oflBcer on retired list 249 1159 to commence on date of retirement 249 1159 Of marine corps additional, for length of service to enlisted men 254 1189 additional, for musicians of marine band 254 1190 enlisted man, absent from command without leave, or after expiration of, is checked 204 939 enlisted man retired, is three-fourths of pay and allowances 254 1191 for longevity, how calculated 252 1181 of officers, is to be made monthly 253 1186 officer retired from active service receives 75 per cent 253 1184 officer wholly retired, receives one year's pay and allowances 253 1185 rates of, for officer during leave of absence 253 1183 to be same as that of infantry of the army ; 252 1 180 Of enlisted men- assignments of, to be attested 258 1209 employed in submarine diving is $1 an hour extra during time underwater 262 1229 (1^1 811 for reenlistment under continuous service jgj j^i* in hospitals, at home or abroad, after expiration of term of enlistment, directions )->ri i->-{i is forfeited for the time of absence without leave , 252 1177 reenlisting within three months from date of honorable discharge 251 1173 seamen and others serving in fireroom 252 1175 seamen belonging to navy and transferred to merchant vessels in distress are paid by them 252 1176 when detained beyond expiration of term of enlistment 251 1174 PAY DIRECTORS relative rank of ~ 10 20 PAY INSPECTORS relative rank of 10 20 PAY OFFICERS. (See also DISBURSING AND GENERAL STOREKEEPER) General instructions to accounts to be kept separate under every bond 357 1532 accounts with treasury to be rendered quarterly 364 1560 advertisement, directions concerning 357 1537 allowance of clerical assistance to 154 697 are accountable for blank bills of exchange 332 1483 are officers of the staff 10 19 arrested or suspended from duty, directions concerning 223 1042 as assistants to others, not pecuniarily responsible except for property receipted for 153 696 assistant paymaster is entitled to increased pay from date of promotion 250 1163 bonds of, directions concerning the giving of 153 693 cadet storekeeper at naval academy to be detailed from 267 1248 clerks assisting in settling accounts allowed pay but not rations 256 1200 clerks to, are appointed for limited period and are subject to navy laws 13 29 666 INDEX. PAY OFFICERS General instructions to Continued. PAGE. ART. credits for differences of pay are referred to fourtli auditor for settlement 356 1529 credits for payments to officers for service performed must be accompanied by order as a voucher. 359 1545 damaged articles fit for issue to be revalued and issued at reduced prices 285 1317 deposits to be kept in places as directed 328 1468 directions to, for computing time in payment of salaries _ 369 1573 disbursements of money, responsibilities and penalties 321 1443 draftsor checks outstanding, regulations concerning 326 1466 duties assignable to 153 692 duties at shore station 415 1655 duties of, in transferring allotment accounts 259 1216 exchange of funds restricted 323 1455 expenses of deserter or straggler may be paid and checked .against account 191 882 expenses of making oath to interrogatories paid from pay miscellaneous 262 1228 in paying traveling expenses to indorse amount, etc., over their signature on original order 261 1222 inspection of accounts of, when and by whom made 367 1569 inspection of supplies 301 1387 locks and keys for special use kept on charge and accounted for 279 1282 marine guard furnished on requisition with clothing and small stores by . 215 997 money to be accounted for according to appropriation under which it is advanced 321 1442 monthly money statement to be rendered fourth auditor and bureau, accompanied by abstract of payments under pay miscellaneous 365 1566 nominating clerk, are responsible for character and fitness of 439 1697 not responsible for payments to persons removed from the navy unless officially notified 357 1535 not to use or pay out money without approval of proper authority 322 1449 official signature to be furnished when opening an account 328 1467 open purchases, directions concerning 292 1352 orders to pay off a person and close his accounts must be in writing 181 816 personal accounts of, not to be taken up by others unless authorized by auditor 250 1164 persons serving on tugs at navy yard, to be noted on roll with name of ship 358 1540 places of deposit wh'en on shore duty . 328 1468 precedence of 11 21 provisions, clothing, and small stores re not to be treated as supplies for general use 279 1286 public bills for supplies, directions concerning 302 1388 relative rank of , 10 20 requisitions for money, directions concerning 330 1472 rewards for deserters not paid till delivery on board and to be checked against account . <'-)_ 11 JO stations for purchase of supplies 290 1342 stores received by shipment, directions concerning (ol 11. "i time allowance for settlement of accounts 367 1571 to be given written orders for any change in rating 182* 823 to deposit balances of appropriations at end of fiscal year 326 1465 to deposit balances when relieved from duty, except 326 1464 to forward to fourth auditor copies of orders to duty 153 694 to limit requisitions to immediate necessities 331 1481 to nominate clerks for appointment by secretary of the navy 438 1697 to object in writing to orders for payment of money believed to be illegal or unauthorized 322 1448 to pay officers monthly 336 1493 to render quarterly account of public money to treasury 3(>4 1563 to report at once to captain money received or paid without his knowledge or sanction 322 1450 to report excess or deficiency of public money when discovered 153 695 to send duplicate account current to paymaster general 365 1565 to sign personally all official papers 155 706 transfer accounts of officers and men, directions concerning 360 1546 transfer accounts to accompany enlisted men sent from ship or station to another 185 833-4 unable to settle accounts, and nominating person to have custody of, directions concerning 156 707 vouchers required from, by fourth auditor for checkage of advances 358 1541 INDEX. 67 PAY OFFICEBS Continued. PAGE. ART. Afloat- account for bread bags under head of provisions 281 1295 account for clothing and small stores, reduced in value by survey 362 1568 accounts of officers and men, public money, papers and property, in case of fire or shipwreck 155 704 advance charged on clothing and small stores for protection of funds 362 1557 allowed percentage for unavoidable loss on issues 282 1303 allowed services of yeoman 154 697 approval of requisition by an officer having authority, has the force and responsibility of an order. 300 1383 bills of exchange, instructions regarding 332 1483 books, blanks, etc., to be examined and compared with allowance tables 355 1524 care in transferring provisions, etc., at end of cruise 283 1305 (279 1285 cargo of store ships, to be kept separate _ < 355 1525 checkage for loss ot pay against account to be made only by written order of captain 252 1179 clothing and small stores, directions for care of 280 1294 i 1313 clothing and small stores for crew, issue of , 284: J 3 Jg commutation for reduced rations : 286 1323 composition of the pay division : 154 699 contingent supplies are returned at on hand, until 355 1523 definition of term "rations" 286 1325 definition of term "supplies" as used on board ship 284 1310 deposit books of enlisted men, directions for keeping and settlement of ^j|* 15m deposits by enlisted men, directions concerning 334^ ||Jg discovering loss or damage to property in charge to report the same immediately 154 701 duty before making purchases or negotiating bills of exchange in foreign ports a. 300 1378 duty in purchase of provisions, clothing, or small stores, in foreign ports 300$ JfJJ for issue of money, etc., enlisted men of pay division form part of powder division 154 699 funds for ships on foreign stations, how procured 331 1478 gunnery prizes are paid by public bills under proper appropriation 358 1542 have custody of, and are responsible for condition of, supplies charged 280 1294 in case of vacancy by death or otherwise, acting appointment to be made of any fit person by senior officer present 156 708 invoice locks and keys to successor, if detached 282 1302 issue of candles, directions for 282 1301 issue of clothing and small stores, how made 284 1311 issue of ship's provisions to officers' messes 286 1322 issues of tea and sugar 287 1330 issues to destitute American seamen 288 1335 loss of accounts, by wreck or capture of ship, directions to 36"" 1570 marine guard is entered separately from crew on books, but on same footing for rations 214 994 may take money for safe keeping from enlisted men 334 1486 money drawn for ships to be under general account of advances 330 1474 money issues to crew to be by written direction of captain and witnessed by divisional officer 335 1489 money not to be paid to any person other than the one to whose account it is charged 336 1492 money requisitions for crew, preparation and forwarding of 335 1491 not to allow store or other rooms to be used for sleeping apartments without authority ot captain. 154 700 not to allow stowage of private articles in rooms of pay department 154 700 not to enter pay clerks on muster roll till acceptance of appointment, etc 360 1549 on receiving ships to specify on rolls, enlistments for special or receiving ship duty 360 1548 open purchase abroad, directions concerning 299 1377 outfit of clothing for apprentices : 284 1312 persons leaving ship without settlement of account, directions concerning 360 1550 provisions alleged to be unfit for issue, action to be taken by 285 1320 provisions, clothing, and small stores for ships fitting out , 280 1290 public bills for supplies, how prepared and certified 302 1388 568 INDEX. PAY OFFICERS Afloat Continued. PAGE. ABT. purchase of fresh provisions, directions concerning 278 1279 (f)*TQ 12R1 purchase of fresh water for cooking and drinking , ^i? it,:; ^ool 1555 purchase of supplies in foreign ports, directions concerning 299 1377 quarterly board of survey for pay department 315 j j^? rations must be drawn in full or abandoned 286 1324 rations of absentees to be stopped 287 1332 rations stopped for the sick 287 1331 rations stopped or commuted _ _ 1 286 1327 rations to be issued at time and place prescribed by captain 287 1329 rations to be issued in kind 286 1326 reports and returns to be made by 374 requisitions, course of approval and purchase in squadron or ship acting singly 301 1385 requisitions for supplies afloat 277 1276 requisitions for supplies, directions concerning 300 1382 requisitions, statements to be made on 301 1384 returns to be made to fourth auditor quarterly and when detached, list of 364 1563 sale of dead men's and deserters' effects 316 1428 sale of condemned supplies on vessels abroad 319 1441 send treasury department reports direct 155 702 stores to be thrown overboard, directions concerning 313 1417 subsistence to men during authorized absence from ship, directions to 361 1554 summary of ship's rolls, how prepared 345 1506 supplies lost or damaged, how to account for 282 1304 supplies may be furnished to foreign ships of war 287 1334 supplies may be furnished to merchant vessels in distress 287 1333 supplies needed for ship's use by other departments, directions concerning 283 1309 supplies of perishable articles, directions concerning 285 1321 surveys on articles in pay department are special and quarterly 315 1423 to be given timely notice of sailing of ship in order to make deposits at subtreasury 326 1463 to be governed by allowance table in issue of rations 285 1318 to be present and personally superintend issues of clothing and small stores, except 285 1316 to be present and personally superintend issues of money to crew 1 336 1490 to credit proceeds of deserters' effects to their accounts 316 1428 to examine storerooms and other spaces for stowage of ship fitting out 154 698 to forward specimens of official signature to secretary of navy, on receiving authority to draw bills. 332 1483 to furnish blanks for clothing and small store requisitions 138 620 to have transfer accounts and other papers of enlisted men signed personally and witnessed 365 1564 to keep blank bills of exchange in their exclusive possession ; 332 1433 to keep deposits at snbtreasury, N. T., for convenience of officers and men on cruising ships 325 1462 to obtain authority from secretary of navy to draw bills when going to or on foreign stations 332 1483 to make written suggestions or reports to captain concerning supplies in store for ship 155 703 to pay officers monthly 336 1493 to present statement of amount of money on baud when making requisition for approval of captain. 330 1476 to require funds for paying off at end of cruise 330 1477 to retain from monthly pay of enlisted marines on rolls, sums as directed 361 1553 to state coin and currency separately in requiring money for ships going abroad 330 1475 to take charge of division at quarters and report absentees 154 699 to take charge of store and other rooms of department and have custody of keys 154 700 to transmit monthly abstract of public bills to bureaus concerned 366 1568 to transmit quarterly reports to department 155 705 to transmit summary statement for portion of month if detached from vessel or station 366 1567 to transmit to department list of officers attached and changes before sailing from a port 155 705 to transmit to 4th auditor and to departmenta monthly summary statement 366 1567 to transmit to paymaster of marine corps statement of changes in marine guard 361 1552 tobacco and salt-water soap, supplies to be laid in when going abroad 280 1293 transmittal of accounts or returns, directions for arranging, sealing, and forwarding 368 1672 INDEX. 569 PAY ROLLS PAGE. ART. of shore stations, requirements concerning 345 1505 summaries at shore stations, directions concerning 345 1505 summaries of departments at navy yards, directions concerning 346 1508 summaries of ships, directions concerning . 345 1506 summary of purchasing pay officers, directions concerning 346 1507 PAYMASTER GENERAL is chief of bureau of supplies and accounts, with relative rank of commodore 12 23 orders for shipments to be issued only by the 274 1269 to advertise and make contracts for materials and supplies 290 1346 to affix the name of his office to his official signature 12 23 to maintain a central system of accounts covering all financial affairs of naval establishment ._ 337 1494 PAYMASTERS relative rank of . _ 10 20 PAYMENTS. (See PAT and MONET.) PENALTIES for aiding desertion 193 892 for exchanging funds, except as provided 323 1455 for failing to account for premium on sales of public money 324 1456 for failing to deposit funds without deduction, except as provided 325 1460 for failing to keep public money safely 322 1452 for failure of disbursing officer to render accounts 323 1453 for misappropriation of money, property, or making false returns 323 1454 for unlawful deposits, loans, or transfers of public money 325 1461 PENNANT . at masthead, is distinctive mark of a ship in commission and is carried at main day and night_ 37 139 carried in bow of boat, to be same as that at masthead 38 148 colors of, to denote seniority in squadrons 37 143 display of and hauling down at funeral ceremony of officer 43 178 displayed in bow of boat, is indicative of the officer being embarked in an official capacity 38 151 displayed under flag in day time indicates intention of commander in chief to leave ship officially. 28 84 not to be carried in boat by chief of staff unless in command 39 154 not to be half-masted from shipa or boats except upon decease of the officer 39 155 of divisional commanders not carried in bow of boat or at masthead when separated from squadron. 38 149 of officer in command of naval station, to be displayed on receiving ship or other suitable place.. 38 145 of senior officer present displayed at mizzen in addition to that at main 38 144 officers commanding ships not in service of U. S. shall not display a 38 150 to be hauled down if flag officer is absent from command over 24 hours 38 146 PENSIONS allowed to enlisted and disabled men after ten years' service 265 1241 apprentices are entitled to benefit of law of 187 845 persons on board ship receiving injuries entitling them to, directions concerning 145 655 PETTY OFFICERS advancement in rating of, directions concerning 178 797 classification and precedence in calling names at general muster 13 30 indorsements to be made on discharge of . 181 814 master at arms is the chief 169 761 men of artificer branch not to be appointed as, unless having trade 182 820 not to be required to serve as mess cooks 196 907 regulations for advancement of, by vacancy or otherwise 178 797 reduction of, by sentence of court, privileges forfeited 182 819 seaman branch on first enlistment, not to be enlisted as 177 794 to aid in maintaining good order and discipline and show a good example 171 776 to be disrated by captain transferring his command and rerated by successor 182 824 to be disrated if command is vacated by death of captain 182 825 to have rating for ree'nliitment indorsed upon enlistment record when discharged 181 814 transfer or discharge of, directions concerning _ 178 796 vacancies in the complement of, directions for filling 177 795 570 INDEX. PILOTAGE PAGE. ART. of ships in commission is paid by bureau of equipment -------------------------------- 3 8 to be done by captain of ship under ordinary circumstances ----------------------- 105 448 PILOTS coast, not employed except by special authority of department __________________________ 394 1598 may be employed by captain of ship when necessary and report to be made to department ______ <-,? , 59 | not to be called on board till ship is going to sea -------------- . --------------------- 394 1598 preference to be given licensed ------------------------------------------ 394 1598 subsistence of, when employed -------------------------------- 255 1195 PLANS detailed, of ship to be furnished captain of ship going into commission ___________ ' _______ 85 355 PLUMBER may be enlisted in that rating ---------------------------------------- 177 794 POLICE barrack regulations for, not to conflict with those of commandant of station _________________ 204 937 master at arms is chief of, and exercises general duties ------------------------------------- 169 761 regulations for barracks, read to troops once a month --------------------------------- 205 946 POBK. (See also PROVISIONS) not to remain in store over six months without examination ________________________ 269 1256 PORT. (See also SALUTES or YISITS) anchor lights in, directions for ------------------------------------------ 104 444 arrival of ship in, to be announced to diplomatic officials of U. S _________________________ 41 168 authorities to be notified of any intended celebration by ships abroad __________________________ 42 174 boats away from ship in, to have national character always evident ____________________ . ___ 100 410 diplomatic powers exercised by officers of the navy in foreign, case of _________________ 66 282 dispositions for anchoring to be made before entering -------------------------------- 120 531 funeral ceremonies in foreign ------------------------------------------------------ 45 184 granting of an asylum in foreign ------------------------------------------------------ 67 287 leads to be kept going in entering ------------------------------------------------------ 105 450 long delays in, by cruising ships forbidden --------------------------------------------- 61 253 morning evolution to take place at colors in __________________________________________ 61 256 national air of foreign, to be played at colors --------------------------------------------- 34 118 quarantine regulations of, to be always complied with ----------------------------- 393 1595 ship entering during night, shows colors at daylight -------------------------------- 40 161 POSTAGE facilities for crew to be established by captain ---------------------------------------- 95 379 regulations for official mail at home or abroad -------------------------------------------- 400 1610 POWDER being embarked or disembarked, red flag hoisted, and unauthorized lights and fires out _____ 96 385 out of magazine for saluting, to be kept in tanks screwed down and in charge of sentry ______ 96 385 removed from magazine for saluting not to remain out over night ______________________ 96 385 Division- is commanded by senior watch officer --------------------------------------------- 129 581 to close magazine and shell rooms in case of fire in action _________________________________ 138 619 to close water-tight doors in case of dangei ------------------------------------------------- 138 61f to extinguish fire below in action ---------------------------------------------------------- 138 619 PRAYERS to be offered on board ship by chaplain at times prescribed ________________________________ 163 734 PRECEDENCE by virtue of relative rank does not give additional right to quarters or military command ______ 11 22 of staff officers in the different corps and with line officers _____________________________________ 11 21 staff officers not to take, over their commanding officer, nor over aid while executing his orders __ 11 22 statute laws and decisions on ------------------------------------------------- 16 52-4 PRESKNTS. (See GRATUITY.) PRESIDENT OF U. S. confirms and orders execution of sentence of general court, except ____________________________ 481 1871 designates days to be regarded as holidays on board ships and at naval stations _________________ 43 176 establishes rate* of pay for petty officers and enlisted men of navy ____________________________ 251 1171 INDEX. 571 PRESIPKNT OF U. 8. Continued. PAGE. ART. funeral ceremonies at death of the . 43 177 may delegate his authority to order general court martial 461 1780 officers unable to perform duty may be ordered before retiring board by 445 1718 power to order courts of inquiry and general courts-martial is vested in MK\ 1780 power to pardon, remit, or mitigate offenses is vested in 477 1851 reception of, on board ship 23 56 to approve or disapprove finding of examining or retiring board 444 U^g to confirm death sentences before they can be executed ; 477 1854 PRESIDENT OK PRESIDING MEMBER. (See BOARDS or COURTS.) PRESS officers forbidden to act as correspondents of, or discuss naval matters in, without express au- thority of department 54 235 PRINTER for ship to be enlisted as landsman 177 794 PRISON. (See CELLS.) PRISONERS allowance for subsistence of, when embarked in ships of navy 255 1194 confined in barracks by sentence of court to be inspected by commanding officer weekly 205 943 daily report of, to be made by master at arms 169 763 not to be confined in spaces other than those designated by department, if avoidable 225 1051 not to have unusual or cruel treatment 225 1047 of war, directions for treatment of, on board ship 103 433 sent to penitentiary, accounts are kept on nearest receiving ship 184 832 to be released by master at arms in case of danger . 169 764 to be released on expiration of term of confinement 225 1048 PRIZE crew of, to be guarded and deprived of means of escape or revolt 103 433 measures to be adopted on taking possession of a 103 432 PRIZES for gunnery to be paid on public bills under proper appropriation 358 1542 PROFESSORS OF MATHEMATICS relative rank of 10 20 PROMOTION. (See also BOARDS, EXAMINING) of enlisted man for heroism or distinction in battle 193 893 of enlisted man to mate, warrant officer, or clerk does not discharge from ^nlistment 182 818 of line officers, statute laws regarding 442 1711 officer eligible for, to pass physical and mental examination as prescribed by secretary navy 439 1698 officer on duty abroad and entitled to, may be examined physically by board appointed by sec- retary navy 439 1699 PROVISIONS alteration in allowance of, to be entered in log 136 608 boats to be supplied with, when sent on expeditions or away at sea 120 528 for crew to be inspected for unsoundnesg 145 657 for ship fitting out may be stowed before pay officer reports 280 1290 fresh, inspected by officer of deck on delivery 301 1387 fresh, may be issued to crew in port four times a week 285 1319 fresh, not to be procured in quantities if liable to spoil 285 1321 fresh, purchased by pay officers of whips when not obtainable from general storekeeper 278 1279 from ship's supply may be issued to officers' messes 286 1322 not to be purchased abroad if equivalent articles are on board 300 1381 objection to quality of, by crew, to be acted upon by board 285 1320 on board ship, responsibility for care and condition of 280 1294 petty officers to be present at issue of, for crew 90 371 salt, not to remain in store over six months without examination 269 1256 spaces in ships allotted for stowage of, to be examined by pay officer 154 698 572 INDEX. PROVOST MARSHAL PAOE. AST. detail of, responsibility and duties of, before a general court 466 1799 PUMPS hand and fire, with attachments, are under ore of carpenter, except steam 167 763 PUNISHMENT admonition or caution in ordinary course of duty is not to be considered a 226 1055 by suspension, arrest, or confinement, or otherwise, for misconduct, bars further proceedings upon competent release and discharge 226 1056 can only be inflicted by order or authority of captain 224 1045 consisting of extra duty to be discontinued on Sunday 225 104. for crime or offense, statute limitation upon 223 1038 inflicted by captain, or by his order, except private reprimands, to be entered in full, vith date of termination, in log % ... 226 1054 involving confinement, record kept by master at arms 169 76? may be inflicted on members of crew for want of cleanliness 89 371 not to be adjudged by captain till report of misconduct is investigated 225 104d of marines, daily report to be made to commandant of station 207 955 of marines, limitations upon commanding officers 206 954 of officers, record sent to department at end of each month 226 1057 record and return of, to be kept as prescribed 109 474 to be in strict conformity with laws that govern the navy 221 1029 PURCHASES by open contracts 291 1348 by written contracts 290 1344 general instructions for, within U. S 289 1336 open, abroad 299 1377 open, within the United States ; 292 1352 PURCHASING AGENTS. (See GENEBAL STOBEKEEPEB and PAT OFFICEBS.) QUARANTINE arrangements may be made with port authorities for treatment of patients on shore 393 1596 boarding at sea vessels liable to, to be reported to health officer on entering port 393 1597 flag to be hoisted and communication prevented when infectious disease exists on board 393 ]596 flag to be kept flying at sea in company with other ships while infectious disease exists on board 393 1596 no concealment to be made of circumstances subjecting ship to 393 1597 officers, visits of, to be facilitated 393 1595 regulations to be complied with on entering port, whether foreigner domestic 393 1595 regulations, visit of health officer to be awaited before communicating with shore when doubt existsasto 393 1595 vessels in port subject to, not to be boarded - 393 1597 QUARTER BILLS for engineer's division, to be made out by senior engineer 158 715 to be kept by watch and division officers and by junior line officers )\\\_ to be made out and posted as soon as possible after commissioning 88 367 to be made out by executive officer . 116 503 QUARTER DECK officers and men reaching, or leaving to go over side are to salute national ensign 30 99 QUARTERMASTERS. (See MABINE COBPS.) QUARTERS. (Meaning APABTMENTS) assigned to personal staff on flagships ^ 79 345 at marine barracks, to be inspected daily by " officer of the day " 209 972 for use of marines, to be in charge of quartermaster of corps 202 929 marine officers may have commutation for, where there are no public 254 1187 may be furnished marine officers in kind, in public quarters only 253 1187 of enlisted men of marine corps, to be inspected weekly by commanding officer 205 943 of personal staff on temporary flagships, not to interfere with 6 senior line officers of ship 79 345 officers, lights to be extinguished and quiet preserved in, by 10 p. m 92 376 QUARTERS. (Meaning OBGANIZATION) crew to be kept at, when an engagement is possible 102 427 navigator to take charge of deck at , 129 678 INDEX. 573 QUARTERS. MEANING ORGANIZATION. Continued. PAGE. ART. officers of divisions to inspect dress and personal appearance of men at ________________________ 95 382 officer of powder division to exercise full military command at, on berth deck and below _______ 138 619 officers to report at, when nt absent en leave ------------------------------------------------ \y$l 1097 reports of division officers at, to be received and transmitted as a whole by executive ___________ 119 522 senior engineer to take charge of division and report absentees at ______________________________ 158 714 senior medical officer to be stationed in sick bay at ------------------------------------------- 150 684 senior medical officer to take charge of division and sick and report absentees at _____________ . 150 684 senior pay officer to take charge of division and report absentees at ___________________________ 154 699 station of chaplain at, to be assigned by captain ---------------------------------------------- 163 740 station of engineers' division for muster at, to be assigned by captain __________________________ 158 714 station of pay division for muster at, to be assigned by captain ________________________________ 154 699 swords to be worn at __________________________________________________ --------- ----------- 48 203 to be had daily for inspection at 9.30 a. m. except Saturday ---------------------------------- 95 382 to be held for evening muster daily except Sunday in port ____________________________________ 95 382 RAIL to be manned when ship has no yards -------------------------------------------------------- 32 109 RANK line officers to take rank by dates of commission ______________________________________________ 9 17 of commissioned officers of the different corps ----------------------- -------------------------- 11 21 of executive officer, when not impracticable, to be next to that of commanding officer __________ 21 54 of line officers, order of --------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 16 of officers holding appointments in higher grade than that in which commissioned, case of _____ 15 46 of officers of the marine corps is that of officers of similar grade in the army ___________________ 12 2 of staff officers, as to precedence, is regulated by list in navy register _________________________ 11 21 of staff officers, order of ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 20 of the judge advocate general, is that of captain in navy or colonel in marine corps, according todetail ______________ ..... --------------------------------------------------------------- 12 23 relative, between officers of the army and of the navy ---------------------------------------- 12 24 relative, of commodore, allowed chiefs of bureaus while holding office _________________ ________ 12 23 relative, of officers of the revenue-cutter service, when serving as a part of the navy ___________ 12 26 relative, of staff officers gives no additional right to quarters, nor authority to exercise military command -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 22 statute laws and decisions on ---------------------------------------------------------------- 16 52 BATES OF SHU'S which line officers may be assigned to command ---------------------------------------------- 13 34-7 RATING acting appointment to, by captain of ship, case of -------------------------------------------- 177 795 artificers must have trades of ------------------ = ----------------------------------------------- 182 820 as buglers, not to be held by apprentices during services as such ________________ ______________ 183 828 as mate or appointment as warrant officer or clerk, does not discharge from enlistment _________ 182 818 as seamen gunners, to be given to enlisted men as prescribed __________________________________ 183 826 changes in, on board ship, to be made by written order-of captain to pay officer ______________ _. 182 823 changes in, when one captain transfers his command to atrother ------------------------------ 182 824-5 department appointments to, case of --------------------------------------------------------- 177 795 enlisted men, lower than petty officer, discharged at expiration of term in ____________________ 181 816 enlistments may be made in, for duties specified ---------------------------------------------- 177 794 every change in, with reasons, is to be fully entered in log ------------------------------------ 183 829 no change to be made in, of men transferred for discharge ____________________________________ 182 822 of persons discharged to be entered in log -------------------------- -------------------------- 181 816 pay of, to be given man holding acting appointment ------------------------------------------ 177 795 reduction in, by sentence of court, privilege of reenlistment in fame is forfeitrd _______________ 182 819 reductions in, by order of department, sentence of court or captain ____________________________ 182 821 transfer or discharge of petty officers, effect on ----------------------------------------------- 178 796 RATIONS a junior officer and petty officer to be present at issue of ______________________________________ 90 371 allowance table to govern in issues of -------------------------------------------------------- 285 1318 allowed officers returning from abroad in a ship of the navy under orders _____________________ 247 1152 574 INDEX. BATIONS Continued. PARE. ART. allowed to pilots not messed in officers' quarters _____ 255 1195 allowed to prisoners on board ship and not in officers' mess 255 1194 allowed noncommissioned officers, privates, and musicians of marine corps attached to ships of navy 1 255 1192 are not pay, and are not to be commuted in advance 257 1206 commutation in payment of, rules for _ 286 1327 commutation of, by enlisted men is an allowance and not a right 286 1325 commutation value of, when crew is on short allowance 286 1323 enlisted men ou board ship for duty or passage, but not on rolls, are entitled to 255 1192 for officers and men of navy and marine corps, cooperating with land troops, furnished by army. 256 1201 issued to destitute American seamen, how accounted for 288 1335 must be drawn or abandoned 286 1324 naval cadets are allowed, afloat or ashore, when on duty 255 1192 not allowed commissioned officers of marine corps 255 1193 not allowed officers on retired list 255 1193 not allowed pay clerk, assisting pay officer in settling accounts 256 1200 not to liquidate indebtedness to government unless desired by individual conrnuting 257 1206 of enlisted men, are commuted only by order of captain 255 1192 of members of crew stopped during unauthorized absence '^87 1332 of tea and sugar, rulesfor issue 287 1330 officers on sea service but doing temporary ship duty ashore, are entitled to 256 1199 or commutation thereof, allowed officers attached to and doing duty on seagoing vessels 255 1192 or commutation thereof, allowed to enlisted men and boys attached to and doing duty on any vessel or station . 255 1192 stopped for sick, how accounted for 287 1331 time and place for issue of, prescribed by captain 2x7 1329 to\>e furnished cooked to men transferred between ships or stations on Atlantic coast 185 835 to be issued in kind to persons living on receiving ships between enlistments V ^ ^98 to be issued in kind when practicable 286 1326 value of one per day deducted from pay of persons admitted to naval hospital 256 1198 BEAK ADMIRAL duties assignable to 13 32 RECEIPT for allotments, how attested 258 1209 for articles delivered in yard, not to be given without invoices in duplicate 268 1251 for articles put on ship before officers arrive, to be given by heads of departments of yard 273 1268 for articles sold not to be delivered till presentation of pay officer's s 319 1439 for issue of provisions to officers' messes on board ship 286 1332 for packages from general storekeeper are to be according to their marks 279 1289 for payments of money must express the amount written out in words 297 1372 for provisions, stowed before arrival of pay officer of ship, directions concerning 280 1290 for supplies furnished foreign ships of war_, 2fe7 1334 for supplies not to be given until actual delivery on board ship or ship's boats 279 1284 for supplies furnished to merchant vessels in distress to be in triplicate 287 1333 from creditors of IT. S. for false amounts, is an act of conversion 324 1457 given for funds transferred, officer must state that he is accountable for sum or quantity 357 1534 of petty officers or men for money to be signed by them personally or by attested mark 336 1492 submitted to captain for approval is to be examined by him for expenditure order 366 1567 to be given by officer commanding receiving ship for all recruits sent from rendezvous 174 781 RECEIVING SHIP commanding officer to receipt daily for recruits sent on board 174 781 deserters and stragglers coming on board of, are to lie reported to department 102 886 desertion from, to be guarded against and liberty not granted to recruits in debt 174 781 displays flag of the commandant of the station 38 145 duty of executive officer in returns and records 174 782 entry on board of, for a home, by honorably discharged men, regulations concerning 194 899 instructions for exercises and drills on board of ... __ 175 784 INDEX. 575 RECEIVING SHIP Continued. PAGE. AGE. monthly returns of recruits to be sent bureau 174 782 officers of, to live and mess on board unless exempted by secretary of navy 175 785 recruits of, to be employed only on duties of the ship except by specific order of commandant 175 784 recruits on board of, directions for clothing, small stores and bedding.: 174 781 survey to be held on draft from, for ship fitting out, when unsatisfactory 174 783 weekly report of changes in recruits to be made to department 174 782 RECEPTIONS. (See CEREMONIES.) RECORDER. (See also COURTS and BOARDS) a competent person to be appointed as, by officer ordering a board 442 1706 junior member of board to act as, in absence of regular detail 442 1707 of a sumnnary court to be an officer 455 1757 RECRUITING OFFICER duties of, in case of continuous service men physically disqualified 177 792 executive officer to act as, on board ships in commission 121 539 general duties of, at rendezvous or recruiting stations 173 778 to make no advances of pay except by express orders 257 1208 to read and explain shipping articles to all persons about to be enlisted 177 793 RECRUITS. (See also ENLISTMENTS) general regulations for enlistment of, at rendezvous or stations 173 778 general regulations for, on board of receiving ships 174 781 enlisted at rendezvous, are to be reexamined on arrival on board receiving ship 237 1110 not understanding and speaking English are not to be enlisted 174 780 on cruising ships t be examined and inspected before enlistment , 110 481 record of examination of, to be kept at all recruiting stations 233 1100 to be vaccinated as soon as enlisted 237 1111 REDRESS application for in case of wrongs, how to be made 226 1059 REENLISTMENT. (See also ENLISTMENTS) advantages of, under continuous service certificate 181 813 date of, to be indorsed on honorable discharge by recruiting officer 173 779 entitles apprentices to benefits of continuous service 187 844 honorable discharge to be exchanged for a continuous service certificate on 180 810 of continuous service certificate men, directions concerning 176 791 of holder of unfavorably indorsed continuous service certificate, forbidden 177 791 of petty officers, directions concerning 178 796 privileges of, forfeited by petty officer reduced by sentence of court 182 819 within three months entitles to continuous service certificate 180 810 REFUGEES granting an asylum to, directions for 67 287 REGULATIONS copies of, relating to fires and lights on board ship, to be hung up conspicuously 94 377 for care and preservation of iron and steel ships to be enforced by captain 91 373 officers to make themselves acquainted with, obey and enforce 51 210 watch officers to be familiar with, for preventing collisions 140 630 RELATIVE RANK between officers of the army and navy 12 24 of chiefs of bureaus 12 23 of officers of staff 10 20 of officers of the revenue-cutter service, serving with navy 12 26 RENDEZVOUS . general duties of officers in command of 173 778 general duties of junior officers attached to , 173 778 office hours to be kept at 173 778 REPAIRS additional, to be reported through commandant of station to department 388 1586 beyond capacity of ship's force, to be reported to department or commandant of yard 305 1400 exceeding 81,000 not to be ordered except on report of board of appraisal 307 1407 in case of emergency, authorization of 388 1584 576 INDEX. REPAIRS Continued. PAOE. ABT. of ships on Pacific, to be reported to Mare island, and to department 387 1583 only those specifically authorized by the department to be made 388 1585 recommended by bureau, must depend on condition of appropriation 306 1405 required for cruising ship on return to home port, to be reported without delay to department 387 1583 to hull, machinery, or outfit of ships, to be made by artificers of squadron when possible 390 1590 to ships at navy yards, items of work to ba classified 387 1583 weekly report of, to vessels, to be sent department 389 1587 BEPORTS c 05 *?74 after battle or action of any kind, directions concerning <^ 1 g 21 against officers, accused to be furnished a copy 222 1035 and returns, tabular statement of, for commanders in chief and captains of ships 371 general, of movements of fleet or squadron, to be made to secretary of navy 62 259 investigation of, against crew, to be delayed if possible till following day 225 1048 made by a captain in command of flagship to commander in chief 98 397 of boards of survey and appraisal, how made out 312 1413 of board of investigation, copy to be entered in log book 446 1720 of changes in personnel of ship to be made before leaving port 112 490 of fitness of officers, how and by whom made 54 237 of important duty or service, to be made to secretary of navy 65 274 of inspection to ships, to be made to secretary of navy 58 248 of steaming and sailing qualities of ships to be made to department 98 398 of suspensions of officers, etc., to be forwarded monthly to department 226 1057 sanitary, to be made by senior medical officer 150 682 to be made out in manuscript in absence of blank forms 403 1622 BEQTJISITIONS. (See also MONEY) for clothing and articles required by crew to be made by divisional officer 138 620 for fresh water, how made 278 1281 for general supplies of ships in commission at navy yards, how made 278 1278 for material for manufacture of articles at yards, how and by whom made 272 1268 C978 1280 for medical supplies, from ships in commission at navy yard, how made >->gi 1346 for supplies at navy yards, to have cost marked on them 270 1258 for supplies from ships in commission, preparation of 2'7 1276 from cruising ships, general directions concerning 300 1382 on general storekeeper to be prepared according to schedule 271 1264 special, for medical supplies, how made 148 670 upon a general storekeeper must be specific 270 1260 BESIDENCE of marine officers, to be reported to adjutant of corps _ 201 925 of officer to be certified upon orders to his home 53 223 of officers to be reported to bureau of navigation 53 223 unauthorized change of, affects mileage 261 1223 BESIGNATION date of reception of official notice of acceptance of, is that for stoppage of pay 251 1170 of officer having allotment, to be reported at once by pay officer to fourth auditor 259 1210 officer accepting or holding diplomatic appointment, to be considered as tendering his 54 233 BETIRED LIST OR RETIREMENT boards for 445 1718 marine officers wholly retired, allowed one year's pay and allowances of highest grade 253 1185 officers on, not to be employed in active service except in time of war 15 47 officers on, not entitled to rations 255 1193 officers on, receive full pay of grafle when put on duty in time of war 249 1159 officers wholly retired, to receive an allowance of one year's leave pay 249 1160 RETURN SALUTES. (See SALUTES.) RETURNS. (See REPORTS.) REVEILLE morning gun to b fired at beginning of 1 49 209 to be sounded in port when all hands are called in the morning 49 208 INDEX. 577 REVENUE-CUTTER SERVICE PAGE. ART. relative rank of officers of, when serving as part of the navy 12 2f. REWARD. (See also DESERTEBS) amount of, not to be paid except on delivery of person and to be checked against his account 191 878 for deserter, not to exceed twenty dollars 191 878 for deserters, not to be regarded as part of punishment 191 883 not to be offered for apprehension of an officer unless specially authorized 191 881 offers of, to be explicit as to time and place of delivery of person 191 88C paid for deserters to b put on public bills L 252 1178 RIGGING manufacture of, to be in charge of bureau of equipment 3 8 means to be taken for preservation of 59 249 to be examined by boatswainas directed jjjrg |J 45 ROBBERY board to investigate cases of 230 1083 ROCKETS to be kept in readiness for signaling ______ It2 419 BOOMS. (See APARTMENTS.) ROPE manufacture of, IB under charge of bureau of equipment 3 8 RUNNING LIGHTS. (See LIGHTS.) SAILING deficiencies in complement of marines on eva of, to be supplied from barracks 208 965 from home port, department to be informed of changes in officers and men previous to 112 490 officers absent on eve of, names and particulars of absence to be reported to department 112 492 Directions to be compared when meeting other ships of the navy 106 455 to be studied before entering pilot water and kept corrected 126 563 Orders leave to go beyond limits of port or station when ship is under not granted _ 405 1627 to specify whether ships shall steam or sail when proceeding to sea 69 293 Qualities quarterly report to be made by captain to secretary navy 98 398 SAILMAKER is accountable for condition of stores , 168 759 is stationed at quarters and all hands asdirected 168 760 not to allow material that may produce spontaneous'combustion in sailroonis 168. 757 requirements for appointment as 438 1692 special duties of 168 757 to make report of repairs or other work needed 168 758 SAILROOM to be frequently examined for stowage and cleanliness 168 757 SAILS. (See also SAILMAKER) for boats, if unbent, to be kept in bags and marked 120 528 to be provided boat sent from ship at sea 120 528 SALES accounts of, to be forwarded asdirected 319 1439 accounts of, to show gross receip.ts under each head 319 1439 at navy yard, instructions for 317 1433-6 of condemned clothing and small stores, revert to credit of fund 318 1437 of condemned supplies abroad, may be made by written authority of secretary of navy 319 1441 of condemned supplies and material are under bureau of supplies and accounts 317 1432 of dead men's and deserters' effects, directions for 316 1428 of effects of captured men may be made when articles are perishable 112 488 of old material, restrictions upon 317 1431 of ordnance material and small arms revert to appropriation for same 319 1438 of supplies to vessels in distress and foreign ships of war 317 1429 to be valid, must be by established forms and specific authorization 317 1430 transactions relating to, put in money statements and accounts current 319 1440 578 INDEX. SALT MEAT. (See PROVISIONS.) SALUTES PAGE. ABT. to civil officers of government, diplomatic, and consular officials 24 63-74 (119 to foreign governments and officials 33 VACANCY PAGE. ART. filled in office of pay officer at sea by acting appointment 156 708 in complement of apprentices in cruising ship to be filled by ordinary seamen 189 865- in complement of petty officers, how filled 177 795 In foremen, qnartermen,etc., at navy yard, how filled . 426 1671 In lowest grades of line, engineer, or marine corps to be filled by appointment of naval cadet 435 1681 in noncommissioned officers of guard, how filled 217 1011 VACCINATION instructions concerning 143 639- of recruits to be immediate 237 1111 VAKIATION. (See COMPASSES.) TARNISHES. (See INFLAMMABLE MATTER.) VEGETABLES. (Sec PROVISIONS.) VENTILATING APPARATUS air ducts to be closed on alarm of fire _.._,... ...,..,......, 91 375 cleanliness of air ducts and pipe* to, directions 167 753 condition of, to be reported on at inspection of a ship 59 249 connections of, to be examined and tried weekly 92 375 to be periodically cleaned put _,_-,-,-_, , _ u __, ._. , 94 37T VENTILATION bunker plate* to be removed for, emiweekly 93 37T of ship in commission to be well cared for_________ ,_,- . . T _ 89 371 VESSELS. (See SHIPS.) VICE-PRESIDENT. (See CEREMONIES.) VISITORS not to be conducted through messing spaces of crew daring meal hours 90 371 to commissioned officer* to use starboard gangway - 30 99 VISITS. (See also CEREMONIES) between commanding officers and foreign authorities 42 ^^^ international agreement for interchange of, with friendly foreign ships 40-1 103-4 of ceremony between naval officers and diplomatic and consular officials of the U. 8 41 168 of ceremony between officers of the navy 41 166 of ceremony between officers of the U. S. army and navy 42 171 of foreign officials, honors to be paid npon_____ ,_, 33 114 official, to be returned within 24 hours 42 172 rules for, between naval stations and ships 41 165 to be made as a matter of courtesy by officers reporting for duty 32 110* VOUCHERS. (See BILLS.) WAGES board of officers to be appointed at yards to recommend rates of 429 1675 board to be required to ascertain rate of, for new trades 430 1675 quarterly schedule of, not to include civil establishment or special employments 430 1675 rate of, to conform to standard of private establishments in vicinity 429 1675 schedule of, to be made out each quarter 42H 1675 to be paid to mechanics and laborers semimonthly __+, 4J2 1679- WAR boats to have competent persons in charge and fly national ensign in time of 100 duties of captain in time of 102 duties of commander in chief in time of 64 duties of division commanders in time of 74 duties of executive in time of 119 duties of officer of deck in time of 132 laws of neutrality and blockade to be respected when U. S. is neutral in 65 protection and convoy to be afforded merchant ships of the U. S. and allies in time of 65 retired officers not to do active duty except in time of 15 rules of humane warfare and law of nations to be observed when U. 8. is at 65 WARDROOM (See APARTMENTS.) 590 INDEX. WARDROOM OFFICERS PAGE. AET. may form wine messes 229 1080 rules for official visits by ___. .... 41 164 who are to be considered as - ._.!-,. -.--- 1 __.. r -, r --, -_ 228 1069 "WARRANT OFFICERS. (See also BOATSWAIN, etc.) are assistants to heads of departments to which they belong .. ,-. 165 742 boatswains, gunners, carpenters, and sailmakers are ________ 12 27 daily reports to be made by 165 744 duties of, when absent, to be performed by chief mates 165 742 examinations and reports to be required of, at sea 136 609 have no relative rank and take precedence of each other according to date of warrant 12 27 preference to be given to honorably discharged apprentices in appointment of 436 1687 take precedence of mates and other petty officers - 13 27 to be given acting appointments at first 436 1688 to examine stores and spare articles and report defects or deficiencies 165 743 to exercise careful supervision over expenditure of stores 165 743 to occupy rooms forward of steerage 228 1071 to perform any duty assigned by superior authority 165 742 to report loss or deterioration of stores, and damage to or defects in ship 165 743 to see all stores and articles of outfit carefully tallied at end of cruise 165 . 743 warrants to be given to, only after one year's sea service 436 1688 WASHING fresh water to be allowed crew for, when possible . 89 371 of clothes for sick, to be obtained on requisition of medical officer 149 672 WATCH anchor, to be detailed by executive 118 616 duty not to be performed in more than 5 or less than 3 watches 96 383 executive not to be required to keep 118 617 for ordinary steaming the engineer's force to be in 3 divisions for 158 716 manner of keeping, at sea and in port to be regulated by captain 96 383 navigator not to keep, if 4 commissioned line officers junior to him are on board 129 676 smoking may be permitted for limited periods during night 94 378 to be kept at stations for battle when in company with enemy at night 103 427 to be set when ship goes into commission 85 356 Bills- correct copies of, to be kept by watch and division officers 140 627 executive to make out and have posted ' 116 603 for engineer's division to be made out by senior engineer and posted in engine room 158 715 {llfi 'io^ junior line officers to keep copies of fa ^g to be made out as soon as possible after commissioning 88 367 WATCH OFFICERS. (See OFFICERS OF THE WATCH.) WATER admission of fresh or salt, to double bottoms to be reported to department with circumstances.. 392 1593 allowance of, not to be less than one gallon a day unless absolutely necessary 107 459 department officer requiring, from navy yards, to receipt to general storekeeper 278 1281 expended and on hand to be entered in deck log daily 127 568 for cooking and drinking to be required for by pay officer and invoiced to equipment officer 278 1281 for steam launches and steaming puiposes to be required for by equipment officer 278 1281 for testing and preserving boilers to be required for by engineer officer 278 1281 fresh, not to be kept in boilers except as reserve for steaming purposes 385 1581 fresh, to be carried in double bottoms only in case of emergency . 392 1593 fresh, to be kept in boats when at sea 120 528 hot and cold, to be supplied for bath and wash rooms 89 371 issued on board ships, how paid for 361 1556 not to be allowed to accumulate in jackets or receivers 384 1579 obtained from shore to be analyzed by medical officer 146 660 purchased for ship's use to be paid for by department for which used 361 1555 INDEX. 591 WATER Continued. PAGE. ART. to be distilled on ships on Asiatic station and where pure, can not be obtained from shore 9u 371 to be issued before wash days for soaking soiled clothes, if practicable 107 459 1 to be tested by medical officer before being issued 90 371 WATER-TIGHT DOORS commander in chief to report on observance of regulations for closing 59 24 frequent exercises at closing to be had and times entered in log 91 376 officer of deck to sound signal for closing, whn in danger of collision . 133 593 officer of powder division to be prepared to close, when in action 138 619 to be closed by signal accessible to officer of deck 91 375 to be closed in action or when at sea, at night, or in fog 91 375 to be closed in case of fire or danger of collision 91 375 to be examined for defects when fitting out 86 360 to be examined weekly ___, .. ... , 92 375 WHITEWASH not to be applied to any iron or steel parts of ship 392 1593 WILLS are to be in writing and witnessed by officer 264 1239 nuncupative, to be reduced to writing and attested by two officers 264 1239 original or authenticated copies of, to be produced by executors 264 1239 WINE locker room to be provided for, when fitting out ship . 229 1080 messes may be formed by wardroom and steerage officers 229 1080 messes, no officer to be required to become member of 229 1080 prescribed for immediate use of patients, direction* 149 676 private stores of, not to be kept in medical storeroom 149 674 WITNESS. (See also BOARDS and COURTS) accused person may be, in own behalf 5*^ ^ allowance for expenses of : 262 1225 before boards of inquest and investigation not to be sworn 446 ^Ho? charges may be read to, before examining, but not specifications 473 1834 form of oath to be administered to, before examining boards 447 1724 judge advocate to notify bureau of navigation when officers not on duty are summoned as ______ 467 1805 lists of, to be exchanged by judge advocate and accused 467 1804 may amend testimony at anytime before sentence 474 1837 members of courts, judge advocate, or recorder, as, to be examined first (4/o 1 oo_ note to be made in record of swearing of (4/o looo objections to competency of, when to be made 472 1830 order of examination of 5* l*j|j questions to, to be reduced to writing unless stenographer is employed 473 1835 testimony of, to be recorded as nearly as possible in own words , 473 1836 to accompany accused persons sent home for trial , 108 472 to be cautioned to speak only to facts within own knowledge 452 1739 to be required to identify accused 473 1833 to be required with merchant seamen received on board as prisoners 109 477 to be sworn by president of board of examiners 443 1715 to be sworn by senior member of courts 452 1739 to be summoned by judge advocate or recorder (4i>o 17oO withdrawal of, from court room to be noted in record 474 1838 WOMEN not permitted to reside on board of, or take passage in ships commissioned for sea service_______ 56 239 WORKING PARTIES cautions for, in double bottoms -., 392 1693 592 INDEX. WORKMEN. (See also EMP_OYS) PAQE. ART. absent from six successive musters without good reason, to be considered discharged 425 1668 In " first class," application may be made for, when work requires special skill _. 422 1665 laid off for want of work may register 425 1668 of trades not specified, application to be made for, to department 418 1663 of trades specified in schedule alone to be employed at yards 418 1663 suspension of, for inefficiency, etc., not to be for longer period than six days 425 1668 WOUNDED duplicate reports of, to be made by senior medical officer after battle 145 654 list of, to be forwarded after battle 103 435 officers are entitled to medical attendance until cured 237 1113 report of, to be made to flag officer and bureau of medicine and surgery by fleet surgeon 81 351 to be aided in battle by chaplain 163 741 to be first cared for when necessary to abandon ship 119 627 WOUNDS entitling to pension to be reported to captain before person receiving leaves ship 145 656 nature and origin of, in case of suspicious death, to be ascertained by board 446 1722 physical disqualification by, not to prevent promotion of officers 443 17J2 WRECK duties of captain in case of ______ 99 401 duties of pay officer in case of ________ 155 704 failure to report after, to be deemed desertion 192 887 persons separated by, to join nearest ship or station 192 887 proceedings of court of inquiry, in case of ... 483 175*1 WRITER enlisted men of marine corps on board ship not to be detailed as, if avoidable 216 1008 executive to be allowed, for keeping records and returns for bureau of navigation 121 538 navigator to be allowed services of 128 568 of third class, may be enlisted in that rating If qnalified___ 177 794 YARDS directions for manning ' T . . __ UJ . ---,.. 32 109 officer of deck to keep trimmed 1T _. _,. 132 693 to be manned when president or foreign sovereign visits ship j ?| s^-m when ship is not provided with, rail is manned 32 109 YEOMAN engineer, not to be paid off or transferred until after report of survey at end of cruise 158 712 enlisted men of marine corps on board ship not to he detailed as, if avoidable . 216 1008 equipment, not to be paid off or transferred until after report of survey at end of cruise 123 552 equipment, to act as construction clerk 123 553 executive to have services of a 122 642 not to be discharged until stores are accounted for 180 808 not to sign official papers for pay officers 155 706 pay officer afloat to have services of a 154 697 pay officer to be allowed assistance of, in settling accounts if he has had no clerk 154 697 senior engineer to have services of a 158 712 to be enlisted as writer of the third class _ 177 794 to exercise vigilant care over stores to which he has access 171 776 to keep prescribed accounts of stores 171 776 to see regulations for lights in their storerooms carried out ---. - - 171 775 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angeles _ This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. Form L9-40m-7,'56(C790s4)444 UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY A 000 705 298 8