HA
 
 A N 
 
 ACCOUNT 
 
 O F T H E 
 
 EARL of Peter brow's 
 Conduft in S P A I N> &c.
 
 I 
 
 \ I .i/l 
 
 T A A 
 a H.T 
 
 i jj A
 
 '#.':- A N 
 ACCOUNT 
 
 O F T H E 
 
 Earl of Peterborow^ 
 
 CONDUCT 
 
 s P A I N, 
 
 Chiefly fince the' raifmg the 
 
 Siege of Barcelona, 1706. 
 
 To which is added the 
 
 Campagne of VALENCIA. 
 
 With Original PAPERS. 
 
 Fviffe patient em, fuorumq, inj 
 
 w/, quod, fe Patriic irafci nefat ejfe 
 H^EC SVNT TESTIMONIA. Cvm evm 
 propter'mvidlam civcs pr<eficeree.vercititi)taluif- 
 fint . -fo^-j errors eo effet dedutta ilia militttm 
 multitude, ut omnes de jalute pertimtfcerent j 
 defidtr*ric*ft* eft Epaminondte diligentia. 
 Corn. Nep. in Vita &paminondae. 
 
 London, Printed for Jonah Bjmyer, at the 
 Rofe in Ludwte~ftreet. 1707.
 
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 137 
 PSfrtt 
 
 . 
 To the Right Honourable 
 
 CHARLES 
 
 EARL of 
 
 Tetcrlorow and Monmoutb- &c. 
 
 7 
 
 - 
 My Lord, 
 
 w 
 
 AMong the many Favours I 
 received from Tour Lord/hip 
 in Spain, (which I am alike inca* 
 fable of forgetting^ and returning) 
 that eajinefs of^4ccefs andnobleOfen- 
 nefs of Mind) which are fo pectt** 
 
 liar
 
 The Dedication. 
 
 liar and engaging in Tour Lord/hip^ 
 
 have made the ftronpeft Imprefflons 
 -J - -sp.-v~ ,. . L -jy . 
 
 upon me : for to tbeje I owe the ad- 
 vantage of knowing Tour I^ord/hip : 
 7 i J i - fe - / * 
 
 the only thing requijite to convince 
 
 any one. of ^ Tour great Capacity and 
 W^orth. By the I e means I wot not 
 only a near Witnefs of all thofe emi~ 
 nent Services^ that Tour Lord/lip 
 did for the 'Public' k ; but wc& al* 
 fo in fome meafure acquainted with 
 the JwotiveSy upon which Tou un- 
 dertook them, and thz IVife M well 
 as Couragiow Manner, in which Tou 
 conduced them. Had others en- 
 jofd the fame opportunities I did^ 
 they muft have had the fame in- 
 ward lvalue for Tour Lordfiip I 
 have :. att attempts to obfcure the 
 Lufire of your great A&ions woud 
 then have been vain and impotent ' y 
 and the United Thanks of your 
 Country woud ier this \ time have 
 wndred any account of them unnecef*. 
 f<try. It
 
 The Dedication. 
 
 It WM fir the fake of thofe who 
 have been mi/led, and who, I hopf^ 
 are not unwilling to be mideceived, 
 that Tour Lord/hip was ple^d to 
 put fome of Tour Original Papers 
 into my Hands. I now beg leave to 
 return them to Tour Lord/hip with 
 a few Qbfervations ; wherein if 
 jf have faifd in doing jutfice to the 
 fubjett, I fhatt not be much con* 
 cernd^ Jlnce the fubjeff is of fuch a 
 nature, as to do justice to itjelf. Th? 
 FatLs related in thi* Account are fo 
 important, and the Evidences of 
 them fo bright and faring 9 that 
 a bare reprefentation of them (by 
 how unequal a hand Joever) muft 
 needs command the Efteem and 
 Acknowledgment of every true En- 
 glish-man. 
 
 __ r J do here therefore prefent Tour 
 -dfhlv with tyhat few Men in 
 
 their
 
 The Dedication. 
 
 their own cafe woud care to fee^ 
 lut what Tour Lordjhip can re* 
 flefl upon with pleafure, A juft and 
 impartial Narrative of Your own 
 Aftions. Such I am jure I may 
 tall the following Account : wbicb^ 
 defective a* it is , Tour Lord/hip 
 out of 'four natural Candour and 
 Goodntfs will kindly accept from 
 one, who is neither a/ham d nor 
 afraid to own himfelfo 
 
 rV>\>* VvAJ^W 
 
 * ' ( t* " ' ti' r *iS 
 
 Your Lordfliip's moft oblig'd 
 
 ; ':. '.. t ^ 4 |* : - c ' 1 "*5JT T^ VVxy.^ 
 
 and devoted Servant^ 
 
 John Freind. 
 
 * -C
 
 -- - 
 
 
 
 ACCOUNT 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Earl of Peterborows 
 
 ConduGt in S P A I AT, 
 
 
 
 Chiefly fince the railing the 
 
 
 
 Siege of B A R c E L o N A, 
 1706. 
 
 IT was the conftant Fate of 
 the great Men of Rome and 
 ^4tbenS) who had been emi- 
 nently ferviceable to their Coun- 
 try, to meet with very unfuitable 
 Returns ; and to find their beft 
 Aflions abroad, traduc'd and fet 
 in falfe Lights by malicious and 
 B tin- 
 
 -
 
 a TheE. of PeterborowV 
 
 ungrateful Men at home, who 
 reap'd the Benefit of them. This 
 has been remarkably the Cafe of 
 the Earl of Peterlorow ; whofe 
 important Services in Spain^ for 
 which lie defences a. Statue from 
 the Publick, haye in a moft Bar- 
 barous Banner beeji mif-repre- 
 fentedy and copfequently miiun- 
 derftopd hprq in England. 
 
 Such groundlefs and ridiculous 
 Reports as hi|ye bpen fpread on this 
 Occafion, cou'd never h'ave gain'd 
 the lefiCftjGredit, hod his x)rd- 
 {hip's Friends been permitted to 
 give the World ah early Infor- 
 mation; of his Proceedings. Bpt 
 he A^as. always extremely nice 
 in that Fl)int ; and declar'd ofte% 
 That iiLany Account of what 
 hatl p^fe'd wer^ njeceflary , he 
 thought biiufelfc beft able to give 
 ityi and wou'd not willingly be 
 prevented) by imperfect Relations 
 rui from
 
 Condufi in Spain. 3 
 
 from others. This filenc'd thofe 
 who were otherwife well inclin'd 
 to have done Jufticq to his Lord- 
 fhip's Character, and were fur- 
 nifli'd with ample Materials for 
 that Purpofe. 
 
 Nor did they, who had been 
 all along Eye-witneffes. of his 
 Lordfhip's indefatigable Appli- 
 cation and unparallel'd Succefles, 
 and had clofely obferv'd all the 
 Steps of his Conduct, think* it 
 poffible that the idle Reports gi- 
 ven out to his Lordfhip's Difad- 
 vantage , fhou'd have prevail'd 
 fo far, and made fo deep an In> 
 preffioa in the Minds of Men, 
 as they find they have done fince 
 their return to England. 
 
 My Lord Teterborow, looking 
 back upon the great Advantages 
 he had gain'd, and confcious of 
 his own Integrity, was no ways 
 apprehenilve that he fhou'd fuf- 
 
 
 B
 
 4 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 fer in the Opinion of his Cdlin- 
 try-men. But at laft , finding 
 his miftake, gave his Friends 
 leave to take all proper Occafions 
 of vindicating his Reputation, 
 which has been attack'd with ib 
 great Injuftice; and in order to 
 it, put ipto their Hands feveral 
 attefted Copies of Inftrutions, 
 Orders and Letters, tec. with 
 permiffion to make ufeofthem^ as 
 they fhou'd judge moil for his 
 Honour and Service. 
 
 I do therefore think my felf 
 at liberty to communicate fome 
 of theie Papers to the World, 
 and to accompany them with 
 fuch Accounts of Things as my 
 own Obfervation and Know- 
 ledge, and the frequent Oppor* 
 tunities I had of converiing with 
 his Lordfhip , during rny ftay 
 in Spain , have enabled me to 
 give. 
 
 What
 
 Condutt In Spain. 5 
 
 What Springs 'here in England 
 gave motion to the new turn of 
 Affairs in Spain^ who were this 
 noble Lord's Enemies, and up- 
 on what grounds, I think my 
 felf not concern'd to enquire. 
 My Bufinefs is only to do Jurtice 
 to fuch AHons,as want only to be 
 understood, in order to be valu- 
 ed ; and to (hew my Gratitude to 
 One who has in the higheft man- 
 ner oblig'd me. And I choofe 
 to do it in fuch Points where 
 Right may be done to my Lord, 
 without reflecting any Difhonour 
 
 upon any other EngU/b^man what* 
 ever. 
 
 I have often heard my Lord pro* 
 fefs with that generous freedom 
 which diltinguifhes his Chara-r 
 ter, that he defir'd no Friend 
 of his to embark in his Quarrels. 
 And tho' I confels my Nature to 
 be fuch, as to be wrought upon 
 B
 
 6 The . of PeterborowV 
 
 the rather to engage for fuch a 
 Declaration, yet my preient De-* 
 fign will not lead me into any 
 Difputes of that kind, were I 
 never fo much inclin'd to it. For 
 the chief aim in this fhort Ac- 
 count, is to (hew that his Lord- 
 fhip, after he found all the great 
 Things he had done were not 
 able to procure Credit to his Ad-? 
 vice, but that it was determin'd 
 to change Hands and Meaiures, 
 yet ftill perfifted to do every 
 thing that became him, tovuards 
 forwarding thole Defigns which 
 be neither laid nor approv'd. 
 And I think it will plainly appear 
 from the courfe of this Relation, 
 that nothing of that emulation 
 and refentment, which his Lord- 
 ftup's Enemies objeded to him, 
 mix'd in his Condud : Since he 
 readily join'd and confulted with 
 l that were in Command, aft
 
 ConduS in Spain'. 7 
 
 ter Matters were fet upon a trew 
 Foot ; and endeavour'd to Sup- 
 port the Publick Intereft in other 
 Hands, with more diligence and 
 frtore hazards, if poffible, than 
 when the Army and Fleet wete 
 under his own Dire&ion and Go- 
 vernment. 
 
 The Truth of this mutt te 
 own'd by the Minifters of the 
 King of Spain, the Marquefs dot 
 Mincti, Lord Galwcty, and the 
 Count Noyailles ; with the laft of 
 which Generals my Lord Teter- 
 lorinv had an intire Gorreipon- 
 dence in every Council and Con- 
 fultation, from the time of the 
 Count's coining into Spirity till he 
 himfelf left it : Tho' fome have 
 been pleas'd to produce this very 
 General always for an Inftance, 
 that his Lorctmip could agree 
 with none that were in Com* 
 jnand. And whatever was 
 
 -. - 
 
 4
 
 8 The E. of Peterborowj 
 
 occafion of the change of our 
 Fortunes in Sfain, that it was not 
 owing in any refpeft to the Earl 
 of feterloro'VL), I am fo thorough- 
 ly convine'd, and can make it fo 
 clear to the World, that, confi- 
 dering my Obligations to his 
 Lordfhip, nothing can excufe me 
 from doing it. 
 
 His Lordfhip's Qualifications 
 for the great Ent^rprize he un- 
 dertook, are tod well known to 
 be infifted on : They fufficiently 
 appear from theCommiflions with 
 which he was entrufted ; Com-? 
 miffions of as different a nature as 
 Land and Sea, War and Peace, 
 and which no Subject ever had 
 yet at the fame time. The only 
 Thing 1 ihall fay more^ is, 
 That the Choice her Majefty 
 ittade, was juftify'd by the Event. 
 ~:hG3 r in a^v/ 'st-rb ''Jaofe^rf^l^i
 
 n 
 
 Spain. 9 
 
 THe taking of Barcelona at 
 firft, and the preventing its 
 being re- taken by the Enemy^were 
 two Actions as Glorious in them- 
 felves^and of as greatConfequences 
 to the Common Cattfe, as any that 
 have happened during this long 
 and bloody War. The firft of 
 thefe was intirely and only owing 
 to his Lordfhip's Perfonal Brave- 
 ry and Conduft, nor had the latter 
 been accomplish 'd without it. 
 
 'Tis not within the compafs of 
 what I propofe, to relate the 
 iwift Progrefs and furprizing Suo 
 cefs of his Lordfhip's Arms ; this 
 is a matter in which the World 
 needs no Information. I (hall 
 mention only two Particulars that 
 have not been rightly underftood, 
 viz. The Siege and the Defence 
 of Barcelona. 
 
 Tho 1 the Siege of this Place 
 has juftly made ib great a Noife 
 
 Con-
 
 i o The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 in the World, yet the Motives and 
 Conduft of it, as far as I can fee, 
 are little regarded, or perhaps 
 known. His Lordfhip, upon En- 
 camping before this City, found 
 the Scene of Affairs quite other- 
 wife, than what he was frofriis'd 
 he fhou'd meet with : Inftead of 
 i oooo Men in Arms to cover his 
 Landing and ftrengthen his Camp, 
 he law only fo many Higlers and 
 Sutlers come into it; inftead of 
 a City in a weak condition and 
 ready to Surrender upon the ap- 
 pearance of his Troops, he found 
 an orderly Garriibn in it, and a 
 Force almoft equal to his Army. 
 In thefe Difficulties his Lordfhip, 
 as he was oblig'd by his Iriftru- 
 ctions, call'd frequent Councils of 
 War; wherein, Day after Day, 
 for above a Fortnight together, it 
 was often unanimouily and always 
 by a Majority agreed j That, 
 
 con-,
 
 Condufl in Spain. M 
 
 confidering the weaknefs of our 
 Forces^ and the ftrength of the 
 Enemy ; conhdering our Batte- 
 ries, as the Engineers declard, 
 wou'd be almoft as long a raifihg, 
 on thelideof theTowtivve were 
 Matter's of, as the Fleet cou'd 
 well ftay In (hort^ considering 
 the extreme Want of every thing 
 neceflfary towards luch an At- 
 tempt, the Siege was utterly im- 
 praticable. His Lordfhip in- 
 deed did twice give his Vote for 
 the Undertaking ; but from the 
 following Councils of War 'twill 
 appear, 'twas only out of the ex- 
 treme Paffion he had to comply 
 with the King of Spain s Defires, 
 and not out of any Opinion he 
 had of fucceeding. 
 

 
 * i Tht E. of PeterborowV 
 
 At a Council of War> eonfift- 
 ingof General Officers, held 
 on Board her Majeftfs 
 Ship the Britannia,0jf Bar- 
 celona, Aug. \6th, 1705. 
 
 PRESENT 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Peterborow. 
 
 Major General Connyngham. 
 
 'Major General Schratenbach. 
 
 '1'he Right Hon. the Ear I of Donnegal. 
 
 Brigadier P. de St. Amant. 
 
 The Right Hon. the LordVif. Charlemont. 
 
 Brigadier Richard Gorges. 
 
 Brigadier James Stanhope. 
 
 The Rt Hon. the Lord Vifcount Shannon. 
 
 Col. Hans Hamilton Qu. Mafter General. 
 
 Cottonel Charles W&s, Adjutant General. 
 
 AT a Council ojF War held on Board 
 the Britannia, in Prefeace of his 
 Catholick Majefty, it having been of- 
 fer'd to our Confideration, whether the 
 Siege of Barcelona ought to be under- 
 taken, and the Opinions of every Ge- 
 
 neral
 
 Condufl in Spain. 1 3 
 
 neral Officer having been asked, they 
 are come to this unanimous Refolution : 
 That the faid Siege could not only not 
 be undertaken with any probable hopes 
 of Succefs, but that the attempting it, 
 would expofe our little Army to fuch 
 Hazards and Difficulties, as might 
 make our Retreat impracticable. The 
 General Officers fupported this their 
 unannimous Vote, by the following 
 Reafons. 
 
 Firjt, That by the Account of the 
 Prince of Heffe, which makes the Gar- 
 rifon leaft, it confifts of above 3000 
 Foot, andSooHorfe ; that of all other 
 Accounts which carrue to us, either by 
 Deferters, or the People of the Town 
 who came to join us, and expreffed the 
 moft earneft Defire that we fhould at- 
 tack the Town, none made it lefs than 
 5000 Men, but moft fay fix or feven. 
 That our Army confifts at this time of 
 no more than feven thoufand Men in 
 Health, and fit for Service. 
 
 That the Works which we muft at- 
 tack are in very good Condition, but 
 the Ground thro' which our Attack 
 muft be carried, is for the raoft part a 
 Bogg, thro' which it will be impoffible 
 
 to
 
 1 4 The E. of Peter borowV 
 
 to March our Cannon, and where our 
 Trenches muft be fill'd with Water. 
 
 That the Engineers, whofe Bufinefs 
 it would be to manage this Siege, are 
 fo fenfible of this Inconvenience, and 
 theinfuperable Difficulties which wou'd 
 attend the regular Approach, that 
 they gave up all thoughts of proceeding 
 according to the ufual Methods, and 
 l ; orms of War ; and if tjie Town is to 
 be Attack'd, propofeit may be by ere- 
 cting a Battery of Cannon, at between 
 6 or 700 Paces diftance from the Cur- 
 tain, in which they propofe to make a 
 Breach, and when fuch a Breach is 
 made to have it Storm'd. 
 
 This Project, which alone they think 
 our little Number pf Men can enable us 
 to attempt, they confefs will be liable 
 to the following Difficulties. 
 
 That the Men who are to give the 
 AfTault, muft March to it uncover'd 
 about feven Hundred Paces, under the 
 Fire of three Bastions, and of the c<> 
 ver'd Way, which they confefs cannot 
 by fuch a Battery be deftrpy'd, no 
 more than the two Flanjks, thro' which 
 thisAflault muft be given: That the 
 Enemy will probably plant l?a 11 ifadoes 
 in the Ditch, which we fhall never come 
 
 to
 
 Cwduff in Spain. 15 
 
 to fee with our Cannon ; fo that our 
 Men to carry the Town by Storm, will 
 be under a Neceflity of gaining the co- 
 ver'd Way,cutting down the Pallifadoes, 
 and mounting the Breach at one time, 
 under the Fire already mention'd. 
 
 For the working at this Battery, car- 
 rying Fafcines for it, bringing up the 
 Cannon and Ammunition, fo great a 
 number of Workmen are neceflary, as 
 cannot be fpar'd by our little Army, 
 tho* no Guard were to be mounted to 
 fupport this Battery. That of our Dra- 
 goon-Horfes, from which fome Affilt- 
 ance might have been hop'd for this 
 Service, not one Hundred and Twenty 
 are in a Condition to go. That if, by 
 the Affiftance of fome Seamen, and of 
 fome of the Country People, our Bat- 
 tery might be put in a Condition to 
 make a Breach, we have great Reafon 
 to believe, that before we can be ready 
 to give an Aflault, theGarrifonmay be 
 confiderably Reinforc'd both from MA- 
 drid, where we know they have a thouf- 
 and or twelve hundred Horfe , and 
 from the Frontiers of Frame, which are 
 but 3 5 Leagues diftant; and 'tis well 
 known an Army five times as ftrongas 
 ours, would not be fufficient to invert 
 
 the
 
 1 6 Tbs E. of PeterborowV 
 
 the Place, and to prevent Succours go- 
 ing in. 
 
 That if our whole Army, which wd 
 muft expect to be confiderably dimini- 
 fhed in three Weeks time, fhould in 
 fuch Circumftances refolve to Attack 
 an equal number of regular Troops, un- 
 der the Difficulties already mentioned, 
 and fhould be repuls'd, which is moft 
 probable, it would in fuch a, Cafe be 
 found Impracticable, not only to draw 
 off our Cannon, but even to carry off 
 the remainder of our Men, who would 
 be puflied not only by the regular 
 Troops, but evefi by thofe, who finding 
 themfelves defperate, by having join'd 
 us, would in all Probability be very 
 glad to make their Peace at Home by- 
 affifting to deftroy us. 
 
 Thattho' bold, and almoft defperate 
 Attempts, have fometimes been under- 
 taken withSuccefs, yet are they never 
 by Choice, but the effect of Defpair, 
 and to get out of fome great Difficulty; 
 whereas thefe Troops are at this Time 
 under no Neceflity, which obliges them 
 to defperate Attempts, fince other very 
 considerable Services, and fuch as by 
 Her Majefty's Inftru&ions feem to be 
 thought at leaft of equal Importance 
 
 with
 
 Condutt in Spain. 1 7 
 
 with this of Barcelona, may ftill be pur- 
 fued: Such is particularly that of Itd^ 
 and fupportittg the. Duke of Savoy* 
 The Earl of Pet6r\orow has like wife pro- 
 pos'd and orFer'dto hisMajefty to March 
 by Land, along the Sea Coaft, where, 
 with the Countenance and Afliftance of 
 the Fleet, many Towns of Conlequence 
 might be reduced, the _whole\Country 
 difpofed to declare; for, and pay Obedi- 
 ence to his Catholick Majefty, as fome 
 part of the Neighbouring Parts have al- 
 ready done ; and upon any reafonable 
 Encouragement from this Province, and 
 thofe of Valentia and Arragon, Winter- 
 Quarters may be fecur'd, and a Body of 
 TrojDpsraifed out of them, which might 
 enable his Majefty to March to Madrid 
 next Spring. 
 
 ' Either of -thefc Services we do mod 
 chearfully offer to go upon, or indeed 
 any odier which may be propos'd by 
 his Majefty, which ftiall not expofe both 
 the Hori6Ur of the Queens and States- 
 Generis Arms, and the Body of the 
 Troops, which we are intruded with, 
 
 to urrer Deilruaion. 
 
 .. 
 A true Copy 
 
 r ^'v i 
 
 per A. furly. 
 
 X r
 
 1 8 The E. of Peterborow'j 
 
 f . V. n. \\\r. cl j ' 
 
 At a Council of War, conjift- 
 ing oj * General Officers field 
 at Major General Schra- 
 tenbachV Quarters, in tie 
 Camp before Barcelona, 
 Aug. tfa.zzd, 1705 
 
 PRESENT 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Peterborow. 
 
 Major General Connyngham. 
 
 Major General Schratenbach. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Donnegal. 
 
 Brigadier P. de St. Amant. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Lord F//:Charlemont. 
 
 Brigadier Richard Gorges. 
 
 Brigadier James Stanhope. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. the Lord V if count Shannon. 
 
 Col. Hans Hamilton Qu. Majler General. 
 
 Colonel Charles Wills, Adjutant General 
 
 HAving well weighed and debated 
 the King of Spain's two Letters 
 dated of this Day, and upon a fecond 
 Confideration (as his Ma)efty deflr'd) 
 
 of
 
 Conduit in Spain. 19 
 
 of his Speech on board the Britannia, 
 and well examined all our Circumftan- 
 ces, and thofeof theGarrifon : 
 
 It is proposed to this Council of War 
 to give their Votes, whether a real and 
 vigorous Attack on this Place, by ere- 
 fting a Battery of fifty Pieces of Can- 
 non againft the Courtain, in order to 
 the bringing on the fpeedieft AfTault 
 poflible on the Breach, {hall be under- 
 taken, or can be made with hopes of 
 Succefs? Which pafs'd in the Nega- 
 tive. 
 
 
 
 Hen. Connyngham* Richard Gorges 
 Charles Wills. Shannon. 
 
 P. de St. Amant. Charlemont. 
 
 Donnegal. B. de Schratenbach^ 
 
 James Stanhope H.Hamilton 
 
 The Earl of Peterborow gave his Vote 
 in the Affirmative, for the following 
 Reafons. 
 
 Peterborow* 
 
 Becaufe I am fenfible that the Queen 
 my Miftrefs, beildes the Engagements 
 of Treaties, and the Motives of pub- 
 lick Intereft, has a moft particular and 
 tender Friendfhip for the King of Spain; 
 C a there-
 
 20 The E. of Peterborowj 
 
 therefore, as I think it Expedient to pay 
 him the utmoft Refpect, in complying 
 as far as poflible with his Defines, in any 
 Attempt wherein there is the leaft hopes 
 of Succefs, after having, as in Duty 
 bound, with all Sincerity and Plainnefs 
 reprefented to him the Difficulties an4 
 Hazards to which he expofes his Inte- 
 reft, and the Troops of the Queen and 
 her Allies. 
 
 Becaufe that, his Majefty perfifting 
 with fomuch firmnefs in his Opinion 
 about Barcelona, upon a belief the Town 
 would furrenderif a Breach was made: 
 This may create fome Difpute in the 
 World, what might have been the 
 Event, which nothing but Experience 
 can demonstrate, w hat-ever Reafons 
 fome may have to judge the contrary, 
 and it may be thought by fome our Du- 
 ty to have tried the Experiment, tho' 
 at tiie greater!: hazard. 
 
 Laftly, becaufe no other Reafon but 
 plain diibbcdience to her Majefty's Or- 
 ders, fhould have hindred me from com- 
 plying with any. Commands, that came 
 from his Catholick Majefty. But the 
 Queen has repeatedly commanded me, 
 in ail rny Inilruclions, to be guided in 
 Councils of War by a Majority, even 
 $i *j in
 
 Conduct in Spain. II 
 
 in exprefs Words, in thofe Cafes where 
 the Kings of Spain and I'ortugal or their 
 Mnifters fhould offer any thing in Wri- 
 ting to me ; which Orders I communi- 
 cated to his Catholick Majefty, as all 
 my other Inftructions, and J had often 
 opportunity of repeating them before 
 the Minifters of the King of Spain, the 
 King of Portugal, and the Engltflj and 
 Dutch Ambaffador and Envoy. Being 
 thus fetter'd by fuch potitive Orders, 
 which I muft comply with, this has 
 again made me offer the Kings Propo- 
 fals about ttarcelonti, and ufe my utmoft 
 Efforts to gain the confent of a Coun- 
 cil of War, declaring then, as I do 
 now,, that I would moft willingly en- 
 gage in any attempt which could have 
 been agreed to in a Council of War, 
 having received his Majefly aboard the 
 Fleet, with a Refolution to ferve and 
 obey him in all things in rny Power. 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 DW'/f Furlv 
 
 persi. puny. 
 
 +, 
 
 < 
 
 C j At
 
 a 2 The E. of Peterborow^ 
 At a Council of War^ Au- 
 
 I Am of Opinion that attacking of 
 Barcelona for eighteen Days is 
 throwing away Time and the Troops, 
 and therefore give my Vote againft it. 
 
 Hans Hamilton. 
 
 I cannot agree with the Kings Propo* 
 fal in Attacking Barcelona, for eighteen 
 Days, for that I think is to befiege the 
 Place in Form, and I have already giv- 
 en my Opinion to the contrary in Wri- 
 ting. 
 
 Shannon, 
 
 I am of the fame Opinion 
 
 Charlemont. Rich. Gorges. 
 Charles Wills, 
 
 ^jtfubfgne ^sfuis Opinion & recorder 
 ce que fa Majefle Souhaite, four les dix 
 huit Jours c^t? on travilleroit d* attaquer 
 Barcelone le 5 de Sept. 1705, 
 
 P. dttSt.Am.nl.
 
 ConduS in Spain, 33 
 
 I am of Opinion to agree with the 
 Kings defire for carrying on the Attack 
 a gain ft Barcelona for eighteen Days, 
 
 P. de St Amant. 
 
 I fuis du meme Sentiment. 
 
 James Stanhope. 
 
 . 
 
 I am of the fame Opinion. 
 
 Barnes Stanhope. 
 
 J 
 
 Whether the Siege of Barcelona, lhall 
 be undertaken or no, 
 
 I give my Vote in the Affirmative. 
 Peterbwow. 
 
 I am of Opinion that the Siege of 
 Barcelona ought not to be undertaken, 
 for the Reafons I have already fign'd to, 
 and that the Armies remaining here 
 eighteen Days, may make a good Re- 
 treat Impracticable, or at leaft fo far 
 wafte the Army and Time, as to ren- 
 der all other Attempts impoflible ; but 
 am ready to obey all fuch Orders, as 
 C 4
 
 24. 7 be E. of Peterborowv 
 
 I fhall receive from my fuperiour Of- 
 ficers. 
 
 jtugufl 25th 
 
 r / 
 
 Donnegal. 
 
 Je me tiens A mes pr inner s Advis de ne 
 point s* attacker a U Place de Barcelone, 
 vojant que Seft tine Chofe imfoffible de 
 reujjir ^ ajant befoin le 1 8 Jours que fa, 
 Majefte fouhaite four commencer, et que 
 je ne kaffardera pw les Troupes de leur 
 Haute Puiffances ; Mais ft my Ld. Peter- 
 borow me /' ordonne de fon Chef, Je m'y 
 trouverois au Camp deva_nt Barcefone, Ce 
 Sept. 5 1705. 
 
 "Wr Baron de Schratenbach. 
 
 I continue in my former Opinion 
 againft Attacking Barcelona ; thinking 
 it impoflible to fucceed, fince the time 
 of 1 8 Days, which his iMajefty defires, is 
 barely fufficient to begin the Siege ; and 
 I will not hazard the Troops of the 
 States. .But if my Lord Peterboroiv will 
 takeit upati himfelf, I will aflift him in 
 
 Iloqit.'H 7 . Baton. die 
 
 ullk ^ado oi -;^-r .- 
 
 per A. rurly*
 
 in Spain. a 5 
 
 At a Council of War, confi/l- 
 ing ofGeneralOfficers, held 
 at theEarlofPeterborow's 
 Quarters in the Camp be- 
 fore Barcelona, Aug, 26th 
 O.S. 1705. 
 
 
 PRESENT 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Peterborow, 
 
 Major General Connyngham. 
 
 Major General Schratenbach. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of DonnegaL 
 
 Brigadier P. de St. Amant. 
 
 Th^e Right Hon. the LordVif. Charlemont. 
 
 Brigadier Richard Gorges. 
 
 Brigadier James Stanhope. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. the LordVtfcount Shannon. 
 
 Col. Hans Hamilton Qu. Majter General. 
 
 ColloneL Charles Wills, Adjutant General. 
 
 Since the King of Spain is refolved 
 to lay the whole Strefs of his .Af- 
 iairs upon making an Attempt on Bar- 
 
 telona for eighteen Days (fpecifi'd in 
 
 i_ 
 his
 
 2 6 The E. of Peterborow'j- 
 
 his Letter to us) notwithftanding all 
 our unanfwerabk Arguments to the con* 
 trary at three federal Councils of War, 
 and tho* we have Reafon to fear the Re- 
 fylt will too much juftify our Opinions, 
 yet in regard that our General, the Earl 
 of Peterborow, has com ply 'd with the 
 Kings Defire, as likewife the Brigadiers 
 St.Amant, zad Staakope, and that we 
 are extreamly prefTed to do the fame by 
 the King and his Minifters, who (till 
 continue to give poiitive afTurance of 
 their Intelligence from the Place, being 
 refolved that no blame be imputed to 
 us: 
 
 We are willing to comply with the 
 Kings Defire for the abovemention'd At- 
 tempts , the?' at the fame time we muft 
 exprefs our Concern, that this Underta- 
 will debar us of all future Services for 
 this Campaign. 
 
 It is evident to this Council of War, 
 by the Demands from the Engineers, 
 and the Opinions of all the General Of- 
 ilcers, that this attempt cannot be made 
 with lefs than five thoufand Men on 
 Duty every Day, to Work and Guard 
 the Trenches ; that of this Number our 
 Army, not exceeding feven thoufand 
 Men, including the eleven hundred M^ 
 
 rines.
 
 Condufi in Spain. 27 
 
 befides the Dragoons and Guards, 
 cannot furnifh above two thoufand five 
 hundred ; that this Service abfolutely 
 requires two thoufand five hundredMen 
 daily out of the Fleet and Miquelets, and 
 we defire the Admirals (having pro- 
 mis'd their utmoft Ailiftance) to let us 
 know whether they can furnifh fifteen 
 hundred Men per Day. And whereas 
 they have promis'd to aflift this under- 
 taking with fifty two Battering Guns, it 
 is underftood all things thereunto be- 
 longing muft be furnilhed with the Gun- 
 ners and Men. 
 
 perA.Furly. 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 I 
 
 . 
 
 ; 

 
 1 8 ThcE. of Peterborowj 
 
 
 _ 
 
 At a Council 'of War^ confifi- 
 
 ing of General Officer s, held 
 at Major General Con- 
 nynghamV Quarters in the 
 Camp before Barcelona, 
 Aug. 28. 1705. 
 
 P RES E N T 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Peterborow. 
 
 Major General Connyngham. 
 
 Major General Schratenbach. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Donnegal. 
 
 Brigadier P. de St. Amant. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Lord F//:Charlemont. 
 
 Brigadier Richard Gorges. 
 
 Brigadier James Stanhope. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Lord fife. Shannon. 
 
 Col. Hans Hamilton gtt. M.t/ler General. 
 
 Collonel Charles Wills, Adjutant General. 
 
 HAving overcome the higheft Dif- 
 ficulties in fubmitting our Judg- 
 ments, declar'd in three Councils of 
 War, fupported with undeniable Rea- 
 
 fons
 
 Condutt in Spain. 29 
 
 fons, to His Ma jetty's Pleafure, and the 
 inclinations of our General, provided 
 we had been ailifted as in the laft Coun- 
 cil of War we defir'd, we are confident 
 His Majefty will allow we gave even a 
 moft unreafonable mark of our Refpeft, 
 having confcnted to expofe the Troops 
 under our Care to vifible Ruin, with- 
 out any profpeft ofSuccefs, and againfi 
 all the Rules of War. 
 
 We have been delay'd by Difappoint- 
 ments in ail we were made to expect, 
 wanting Men and Time to carry on the 
 Siege, and diverted by feveral Refolu- 
 tions intimated from His Majefty, fome- 
 times for a March , fometimes for a 
 Siege, fo little provided with Intelli- 
 gence from the Place, that we were 
 oblig'd to Land the Forces without the 
 leaft Advice, and that made an Argu- 
 ment for an Attempt againft.a Town, 
 with a Garrifon near as flrorig as our 
 felves,without any Correfpondence in it 
 fuitable to what has been told, which 
 Siege mutt require more than two third 
 parts of our Men on Duty every Day, 
 by the demand of our Engineers. 
 
 And having notice from Admiral 
 Wafi&n&tr of the pofitive time of the de- 
 parture of the Dutch Ships, fome Days 
 
 before
 
 30 The E. of Peterborowv 
 
 before which the Dutch General allures 
 us he will embarque his Troops, and the 
 Engineers not undertaking to make a 
 Battery even in that time > fince the 
 Fleet, befides the Marines, which in all 
 our Computations of the Strength of the 
 Army, we had reckon'd upon to com- 
 pofea part of it, are notable to furnifh 
 towards carrying on our Works above 
 nine hundred Men, of which, only three 
 hundred can work each Day, initead of 
 j 500 for daily Service, as we had de- 
 fir'd ; fo that the whole affiftance that 
 the Fleet can give, being added to the 
 number of effective Foot we have now 
 fit for Service, including the Battalion 
 of Guards, will make in all but 8515 
 Men, out of which 5000 Men muft be 
 daily employ'd, either to work at or 
 guard the intended Trenches and Bat- 
 tery. 
 
 And, fince eight Deputies of the Ct- 
 taUns did declare to the Earl of Peterho* 
 row, that they would not promife any 
 number of Men to work at our Trenches 
 and Batteries, or in any Place where 
 they fhou'd be expos'd ; to Fire, which 
 they fa id cou'd not be expected from 
 undifciplin'd Country- People :
 
 Condutt in Spain. 3 1 
 
 And, whereas we exprefs'd in our lafl 
 Council of War, that our higheft Con- 
 cern was, that we fhould be difabled 
 from purfuing any other real Service, by- 
 laying to endeavour to make a fruitlefs 
 Attempt: 
 
 And, feeing our general Inftruftions 
 are explained, and the firft Services in- 
 tended fo plainly directed anew in feve- 
 ral Letters fignifying Her Majefty's 
 Pleafure : It is the unanimous Opinioa 
 of this Council of War that the propos'd 
 Attempt on Barcelona for eighteen Days 
 cannot be made, but that the Forces 
 be immediately embarqu'd for the pro- 
 bable Service, and the Support of the 
 Duke of 'Savoy. 
 
 fi 
 
 per A. Furly. 
 
 - 
 - 
 
 . 
 
 
 Thus 
 inus 
 
 
 
 /
 
 3 s The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 Thus we fee it was refolvd to 
 embarque all the troops for Sa- 
 voy l which indeed was the firft 
 deiign of his Lordfhip's Expedi- 
 tion. But the King of Spain ta- 
 king a fudden refolution to ftay 
 by his Catalans, his Lordfhip faw 
 himfelf reduc'd to this 'Dilemma, 
 either to go Home without at* 
 tempting any thing, or take this 
 attempt upon himfelf, contrary 
 to the opinion of the General 
 Officers and confequently to po- 
 fitive Inftruftions. His Lord- 
 fhip, who never car'd for being 
 a General without doing fome- 
 thing, chofe rather to truft to the 
 good nature of his Country, which 
 he hop'd wou'd pardon his fuc- 
 ceeding in fo confiderable an 
 Action, tho' not ftriftly under- 
 taken by a formal -order. My 
 Lord therefore now made ufe on- 
 ly of his own thoughts; and by 
 
 an
 
 Condutt in Spain. 5 3 
 
 an uncommon artifice made that 
 nevet* to be forgotten attack up- 
 on fort Monjuidk) the very foun- 
 dation of all our footing in Sfain. 
 This, I know, fome wou'd at- 
 tribute to the late Prince df 
 Hejfe : That brave Prince indeed 
 had too great a (hare in the dan^ 
 ger of this undertaking ; but as 
 he had no Command in the Ar- 
 my, fo he was not in the leaft 
 -concerned in the forming of this 
 Defign. 
 
 Thofe that remember matters 
 of fat fo well known in foreign 
 Parts and to fo many thoufand 
 then prefent, cannot but read with 
 lurprizein Annals p, 146. year the 
 4th. of HerMajefty'sReign,taken 
 fas is pretended) from papers of 
 publick authority, reprelentati- 
 ons fo falfeand fo injurious to the 
 reputation of this Noble Lord : 
 As if a diminution of his indif> 
 D pu-
 
 34- The E. of Peterborow'i 
 putable fervices were to be the 
 only reward of fuch hazards run, 
 and fuch fuccefles obtain'd for 
 the publick. 
 
 The injudicious, or rather 5m- 
 poffible, propofels made by the 
 Prince of Heje, and infifted up- 
 on by him to the laft, were the 
 occafion of thofe unanimous 
 Councils of War againlt an en- 
 terprize which promis'd fuch 
 certain ruin : and the freedoms 
 taken in difcourfe by that Prince 
 had prevented any correfpon- 
 dence, for fome time, between 
 him and the Earl of Peter lor ow. 
 So far was this Project againft 
 jMonjuick from being proposed by 
 that Prince to his Lordihip , 
 that in truth the Earl of 
 Teterlaroiy was forc'd to make it 
 a fecret even to the Court; 
 where refentments were very 
 publick and remarkable, upon 
 
 orders
 
 Conduft in Spain. 35 
 
 orders to embarque the artille- 
 ry and the King's baggage, which 
 his Lordfhip gave out the better 
 to difguife his real defign. Nay, 
 the excufe the Earl of Teterlo- 
 row made to the Prince of Hejje^ 
 for inviting him to aflift in an 
 adion he cou'd not yet acquaint 
 him with, was, that the indif- 
 penfible neceffity of deceiving the 
 Enemy had made him refolve to 
 furprize his Friends in an at^ 
 tempt., which however defperate, 
 was yet the only poffible way of 
 carrying on the Siege with fuc- 
 cefs. All I (hall oblerve further 
 upon this Head is, That 'twas 
 own'd by all who were there, that 
 had not his Lordfhip (hewn an 
 unexampled Vigour and Cou- 
 rage, and expos'd himlelf more 
 than perhaps became one in his 
 Poft, the Efforts of the Enemy 
 and the miflakes of fome of his 
 D 2 own
 
 3 6 The E. <?/Peterborow^ 
 
 own people had put this impor- 
 tant enterprize beyond all re- 
 trieve. So that 'twill be the leaft 
 juftice that can be done to his 
 Lordfliip on this occafion to fay, 
 That few Generals coird have ao 
 complifh'd what he did, and that 
 fewer , confidering his circum- 
 Itances, wou'd have attempted 
 it. 
 
 They who were fo ready to 
 attribute the Honour of taking 
 Barcelona to any rather than to 
 the Earl of Tetertorovu^ wou'd 
 with equal juftice deny his Lord- 
 (hip to have had any (hare in the 
 relief of it, imputing the intire 
 prefervation of that place to the 
 timely arrival of the Fleet. This 
 no doubt was very ieafonable 
 and fortunate , and what his 
 Lordfhip was indefatigably indu- 
 ftrious in haftning : But conli- 
 dering that the Enemy had for 
 
 two
 
 Condufl in Spain. 37 
 
 two days before this made a 
 practicable Breach, let any un- 
 prejudic'd man judge, whether 
 the appearance of our Fleet up- 
 on the Coaft, cou'd be the only 
 reafon of preventing their at- 
 fault ; nay, rather, whether it 
 was not a reafon for them to at- 
 tack the Town, as they might 
 eafily have done, with more vi- 
 gour and difpatch. The Terror 
 fare muft come from tome other 
 quarter : And I think we may 
 very impartially aflign it to my 
 Lord Teterhorovus being pofted in 
 the Mountains with a few Troops 
 of his own, and a good number 
 of Miqudtts ; which his Lord- 
 (hip difpos'd of to that advan- 
 tage, as to cut off theEnemy from 
 any communication with the 
 Country, hinder all their par- 
 ties from fallying out, and give 
 them continual alarms and un- 
 D 3 eafi?
 
 3 8 The E. of Peterborow'^ 
 
 eafinefs in their Camp. If they 
 had made an Attack upon the 
 Tovvn^ .they had good reafon to 
 fear they might be Attack'd 
 themfelves at the fame time from 
 the Mountains : And they were 
 unwilling to venture the difor- 
 ders that might have happened 
 to their Army, which they de- 
 fign'd for other Services as too 
 plainly appeared foon after. It 
 muft be confefs'd, that my Lord 
 had but a very few regular 
 Troops with him : But thofe 
 who have had a thoufand oppor- 
 tunities of being acquainted with 
 his dexterity in furprizing, and 
 his peculiar Art of managing 
 weak Inftruments to elude and 
 confound the force of a ftrong 
 Enemy, will ealily be convinced 
 that the Appearance he made 
 and the Alarms he gave from the 
 hills, was -npt the effeft of Chance 
 
 and
 
 Conduct in Spain. 39 
 
 and Hurry, but the pure refult 
 of a good Conduct : And that to 
 his unwearied Vigilance and un- 
 common Stratagems, we owe, in 
 a great meafure, the Infatuation 
 our Enemies were then poffefs'd 
 with. 
 
 Perhaps it may be no difagree- 
 able entertainment to the Reader, 
 if I fhou'd make a fhort com- 
 parifon of thefe tw r o Sieges of 
 Barcelona: The Actions being 
 both of 'em extreamly remarka- 
 ble for the difference not only of 
 the Event, but of the circumftan- 
 ces the Armies were in when 
 they enter'd upon the Siege, and 
 of the Methods which they us'd 
 in carrying it on. 
 
 When it was attack'd by Her 
 Majefty's Arm?, the Succefs was 
 every where defpair'd of; and 
 the Attempt oppos'd by many 
 Councils of War : nor without 
 D 4 reafon,
 
 40 The E. 0/Peterborow 9 s 
 
 reafon, fince the Garrifon was 
 double our number jn/Horfe,, and 
 almoft equal in Foot; And the 
 Engli/h Army, unprovided of Ar- 
 tillery and,' ; all things elfe which 
 are thought neceflary where a 
 Siege is in good earneft intended, 
 was in a manner fupply'd with 
 nothing but from bur Fleet. 
 
 But when the French attacked 
 it, they had a Royal Army, n- 
 courag'd by the prefence of. a 
 King, led by a Marefchal of 
 France, and countenanced by the 
 Fleet under the command of the 
 Lord High Admiral. The Sue- 
 cefs was prefum'd* certain all over 
 the World , and infur'd by 
 the moft famous Engineer of 
 Fr&nce ; not without very good 
 grounds, for their preparations 
 of all kinds were equal to fucli 
 Hopes: Their Army was nu- 
 merous, not lefs tha,n 24.000, 
 
 their
 
 9 
 
 Conduti in Spain. 4 1 
 
 their Troops in good condition, 
 and the quantity of Warlike 
 Stores with which they were 
 furnifht for that Siege, almott in- 
 credible. We may judge of the 
 reft by the Artillery they left 
 behind 'em upon their Retreat, 
 which was upwards of 100 Brafs 
 Canon fit for Battery, and mount- 
 ed upon the proper Field-Car* 
 riages. 
 
 The circumftances of the 
 two Armies that feverally fat 
 down before this place being 
 fo unlike, the Methods by which 
 they attack'dit muft needs be ve- 
 ry different. The very Works 
 thrown up by the French wou'd 
 have deftroy'd the Earl of 2V 
 terlorows Army in labour and fa- 
 tigue alone. For they begun 
 their Trenches from the bottom 
 pf Monjuick'hill at the diftance 
 
 of twice Musket-mot, and cpri- 
 
 ' *,* i 
 
 tmued
 
 4^ The E. of Peterborowv 
 
 tinued 23 days battering the 
 Fort with 50 pieces of Cannon, 
 and loft 3000 of their beft men 
 in taking that Citadel, which the 
 Earl of Teterborow fecur'd with 
 little lofs in lefs than an hour. 
 And befides thefe Works at Mon- 
 juick, they carried on their In* 
 trenchments to a vaft length, 
 all along the Weft-fide of the 
 Town ; and finifh'd them with 
 fuch regularity and exactnefs, as 
 if they had defign'd to fecure 
 them againft the infults of the 
 ftrongeft Army. 
 
 When the Evglifl befieg'd the 
 City, they were icarce more than 
 7000 in number, and 'twas ne- 
 ceffary that even this little Body 
 ihou'd be divided into two Camps, 
 fo fituated as not to be able to 
 relieve one another tinder three 
 Leagues march, round by the 
 foot of the mountains : fo that 
 
 the
 
 Condufi in Spain. 43 
 
 the Garrifon had double the 
 Force of either part of our Army. 
 This was the only contrivance 
 by which the fitting down of fuch 
 a handful of men, not capable of 
 furrounding the Town, couM 
 have had the effect of a regular 
 Investment. 
 
 The difpofition of thefe 
 two fmall Bodies was thus 
 happpily order'd : That on one 
 fide in the plain was covered by 
 a Fort juft on the edge of the Sea, 
 and great retrenchments were 
 carried on to a little Village,, 
 where the walls of fome Gar- 
 dens and a River gave fecurity 
 to the right of the Camp ; and 
 the Waters upon occafion 
 might be made ufe of to render 
 the flat Grounds between them 
 and Barcelona almoft unpaflable. 
 That on the other fide was plac'd 
 jn a little Valley betwixt Hills 
 
 fa
 
 44 T*k E. of Peterborow'j- 
 fo conveniently, and out of fight, 
 that tho' within fmall-fhot of the 
 walls, the Enemy cou'd only in- 
 eommode us by the random- 
 ihot of their Bifcajne mufquets. 
 The Works leading from the lit- 
 tle Camp betwixt the Mountains 
 to the Battery were fo inconfi- 
 derable y that two High- ways 
 fupplied almoft the ufe of Tren- 
 ches ; which were reliev'd with 
 thofe different faints and dif- 
 guifes r that we loft very few Men 
 iu changing the Guards* 
 
 To conclude, the day before 
 the Capitulation the whole Ar- 
 my had orders for a general At- 
 tack, and no one Man was exempt 
 from his (hare in that hazardous 
 a6tion : Tho' the Garriibn, upon 
 a view of this defperate refolu- 
 tion, prevented it by an imme- 
 diate lurrender. 
 
 All
 
 Condufl in Spain . 45 
 
 All Europe wonder'd at this 
 Event, and what opinion, they, 
 who were the neareft Witnefles 
 and moft concerned in the confe- 
 quences of it, had of my Lord's 
 Bravery and Conduft, may ap- 
 pear by the following Letter of 
 his Catbolick Majefty ; a Let- 
 ter, which I take leave to Re- 
 print here, fince it is not more 
 remarkable for the matter of it, 
 than for being fo foon forgot- 
 ten. 
 . 
 
 ' 
 
 '.. 
 
 ' u: 
 
 ' 
 
 i ' 
 
 . , 
 
 
 J 
 
 t(jt% 
 
 " 
 on
 
 46 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 King CharlesV Letter to tie 
 Queen of Great Britain. 
 
 Mtidam my Sifter, 
 
 * TT Should not have been fo long e'er 
 ' J^ I did my felf the Honour to re- 
 
 * peat the aflurances of my iincere Re- 
 
 * fpe&s to you, had not I waited for the 
 
 * good Occafion which I now acquaint 
 
 * you with, that the City of Barcelona 
 4 is furrendred to me by Capitulation. 
 
 * I doubt not but you will receive this 
 4 great News with intire Satisfa&ion ; 
 
 * as well becaufe this happy Succefs is 
 
 * the effect of your Arms always glori- 
 4 ous, as from the pure motives of that 
 
 * Bounty and Paternal Affe&ion you 
 
 * have for me, and for every thing which 
 4 may contribute to the advancement 
 4 of my Tntereft. 
 
 ' I muft do this Juftice to all the Of- 
 
 * ficers and Common Souldiers, and par- 
 
 * ticularly to my Lord Peterborow^ that 
 
 * he has ihewn in this \v s hole Expediti- 
 4 on a Conftancy, Bravery and Conduct 
 4 worthy of the choice that your Maje- 
 c fty has made of him, and that he could 
 
 no
 
 Condutt in Spain. 47 
 
 * no ways give me better Satisfaction 
 4 than he has by the great Zeal and Ap- 
 < plication which he has equally teftifi- 
 
 * ed for my Intereft, and for the Service 
 4 of my Perfon. I owe the fame juftice 
 
 * to Brigadier Stanhope for his great Zeal, 
 
 * Vigilance, and very wife Conduct, 
 
 * which he has given proofs of upon all 
 Occafions : As alfo to all your Officers 
 
 * of the Fleet, particularly to your wor- 
 
 * thy Admiral Shovel, afluring your Ma- 
 jefty, that he has aflifted me in this 
 
 * Expedition wich an inconceiveable 
 
 * Readinefs and Application, and that 
 
 * no Admiral will be ever better able ta 
 c render me greater Satisfaction than he 
 
 * has done. During the Siege of Barce- 
 4 lona. fome of your Majefty's Ships, 
 4 with the afiiftance of the Troops of 
 4 the Country have reduced the Town 
 
 * of Tarragona, and the Officers are 
 
 * made Prifoners of War. The Town 
 
 * of Giroae has been taken at the fame 
 1 time by furprize by the Troops of the 
 * Country. The Town of Lerid* has 
 
 * fubmitted, as alfo that of Tortofa upon 
 4 the Ebro ; fo that we have taken all the 
 
 * Places tf Catalonia, except Rofes. Some 
 
 * Places in Arragon near Sarragoffa have 
 
 * declar'd for me, and the Garrifon of 
 
 4 the
 
 48 The E. 0/Peterborow'r 
 
 * the Caftle of Demo, \\\'ValentU have 
 c maintained their Poft, and repuls'd the 
 
 * Enemy ; 400 of the Enemies Cavalry 
 'haveentred into our Service, and a 
 
 * great number of their Infantry have 
 
 * deferted. 
 
 * This, Madam, is the State that your 
 c Arms, and the inclination of the Peo- 
 4 pie have put my Affairs in. It is un- 
 ' necefTary to tell you what flops the 
 
 * courfe of thefe Conquefts ; it is not the 
 4 Seafon of the Year, nor the Enemy, 
 
 * thefe are no obftacles to your Troops, 
 * who defire nothing more than to acl: 
 
 * under the Conduct that your Majefty 
 4 has appointed them. The taking of 
 4 Barcelona with fo fmall a number of 
 ' Troops is very remarkable, and what 
 
 * has been done in this Siege is almoft 
 4 without example. Thac with 7 or 
 4 8000 Men of your Troops, and 2000 
 4 Miqueiets, we fliould furround and in- 
 *veftaPlace, that 30000 French could 
 6 not block up. 
 
 4 After a March of 13 hours, the 
 
 * Troops climbM up the Rocks and Pre- 
 < cipices to attack a Fortification ftrong- 
 
 * er than the Place, which the Earl of 
 4 Peterborow has fent you a Plan of: Two 
 
 * Generals with the Granadiers attacked 
 
 lit
 
 Gondufi in Spain. 49 
 
 ' it Sword in Hand, in which AHon 
 < the Prince of He/ft died glorioufly after 
 
 * fo many brave A&ions: I hope his Bfo- 
 ' ther and his Family will always have 
 
 * your Majefty's Protection. With 800 
 'Men they forc'd the Cover'd Way, 
 
 * and allthelntrenchmentsand Works, 
 ' one after another, till they came to 
 
 * the laft Work which furrounded it, 
 
 * againft 500 Men of regular Troops 
 4 which defended the Place, and a Re- 
 ' inforcement they had receiv'd ; and 
 ' three Days afterwards we became 
 
 * Maftersof the Place. We afterwards 
 
 * attacked the Town on the fide of the 
 
 * Caftle. We landed again our Cannon 
 
 * and the other Artillery with inconceiv- 
 6 able Trouble, and formM two Camps 
 1 diftant from each other three Leagues ; 
 
 * againft a Garrifon almoft as numerous 
 
 * as our Army, whofe Cavalry was dou- 
 ' ble the ftrength of ours. The firft 
 4 Camp was fo well intrench'd that 
 
 * *twas defended by 2000 Men and the 
 4 Dragoons,whilft we attacked tlieTown 
 ' with the reft of our Troops. The 
 fc Breach being made we prepar'd to 
 4 make a general Aflault with all the 
 'Army: Thefe are Circumftances , 
 
 E ' Madam, 

 
 50 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 4 Madam, which diftinguifh this Aftion 
 
 * perhaps from all others. 
 
 ' Here has happen'd an unforefeen 
 
 * Accident:The Cruelty of the pretended 
 
 * Viceroy, and the report fpread abroad, 
 ' that he would take away the Prifoners 
 6 contrary to the Capitulation, provok'd 
 
 * the Burghers and fome of the Country 
 
 * People to take up Arms againft the 
 
 * Garrifon, whilft they were bufie in 
 
 * packing up their Baggage, which was 
 
 * to be fent away the next day ; fo that 
 
 * every thing tended to Slaughter , but 
 ' your Majefty's Troops entring into 
 ' the Town with the Earl of Peterborow 
 
 * inftead of feeking Pillage, a practice 
 ' common upon fuch Occafions, they ap- 
 < peas'd the Tumult, and havefav'd the 
 
 . * Town, and even the Lives of their 
 
 * Enemies, with a Difcipline and Gene- 
 ' rofity without example. 
 
 * What remains is, that I return you 
 ' my moft hearty Thanks for fending 
 c fo great a Fleet, and fuch good and 
 
 * valiant Troops to my AiTiftance. Af- 
 *ter fo happy a beginning J have 
 
 * thought it proper, according to the 
 
 * Sentiments of your Generals and Ad- 
 4 mirals, to fupport by my Prefence the 
 6 Cpnquefts that we have made, and to 
 
 'fhow
 
 in Spain. 5 1 
 
 * Jliow my Subje&s, fo Affe&ionate to 
 
 * my Perfon, that I cannot abandon 
 
 * them. I receive fuch Succours from 
 
 * your Majefty and from your Generous 
 
 * Nation, that I am loaded with your 
 
 * Bounties, and am not a little con- 
 
 * cern'd to think, that the fupport of 
 ' my Intereft fhould caufe fo great an 
 4 expence. But, Madam, I facrifke 
 
 * my Perfon, and my Subjects in Cata- 
 * lonU expofe alfo their Lives and For- 
 4 tunes upon the aflurances they have of 
 4 your Majefty's generous Protection. 
 
 * Your Majefty and your Council 
 
 * knows better than we do what is 
 4 neceiTary for our Confer vation. We 
 4 fhall then exped your Majefty's Suc- 
 
 * cours with an intire Confidence in 
 4 your Bounty and Wifdom. A fur- 
 
 * ther force is neceflary : we give no 
 
 * fmall diverfion to France, and with- 
 4 out doubt they will make their ut 
 4 moft Efforts againft me as foon as 
 4 poffible ; but I am fatisfied, that 
 4 the fame Efforts will be made by 
 4 my Allies to defend me. Your Good- 
 ' nefs, Madam, inclines you, and your 
 4 Power enables you, to fupport thole 
 4 that the Tyranny of trance 
 4 would opprefs. All that I can infi- 
 
 E 2 4 nuace
 
 5 a The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 6 nuate to your Wifdom and that of 
 
 * your Allies, is, that the Forces em- 
 < ploy'd in this Country will not be 
 
 * unprofitable to the publick Good, but 
 
 * will be under an Obligation and Necef- 
 4 fity to acl: with the utmoft Vigour 
 ' againfi the Enemy. I am, 
 
 With an inviolable Affection, Refpeff, 
 and mofl fine ere Acknowledgment ^ 
 
 tfo Camp at Madam, my Sifter. 
 Senia before Bar- 
 celona, the 22d 
 
 o/oaober,i 705 . Tour mofi Affectionate 
 
 Brother, 
 
 CHARLES. 

 
 Condufl in Spain. 53 
 
 If we go on now to confide** 
 the relief of Barcelona, we (hall 
 find the Earl of C peter6orpw > $ 
 conduft as fteadjr, as it was in 
 the taking it, and perhaps as lit- 
 tle underftood. For in this, 
 as in moft of the Events of 
 this War, his Lordfhip overcame 
 all the Obftacles that cou'd be 
 thrown in his way by the Mini- 
 fters of the Sfanifi Court. As 
 foon as his Lordfhip perceiv'd 
 that the Enemies Dehgn was up- 
 on Barcelona, he order'd fome of 
 the Troops in Lerida to march 
 and reinforce that Garrifon : The 
 King, who was perfuaded they 
 wou'd rather make an Attempt 
 upon Lerida , countermanded 
 thofe Orders of my Lord, and 
 was fo little apprehenfive of Bar* 
 celonas being in danger, tho' fuf- 
 ficiently warn'd of it by Letters 
 from his Lordfhip, that when 
 3 the
 
 54 The E. of Peterborow'j- 
 
 the Enemy was within 5 Leagues 
 of the Town, his Majefty had 
 but 500 Men in it. My Lord, in 
 like manner, was follicited by 
 the Court to abandon Vden* 
 cia, in order to fecure Catalonia \ 
 and by the mod preffing Letters 
 and Commands, he was urg'd to 
 fuch ra(h and impoffible At- 
 tempts, as muft have prov'd the 
 certain ruin of the Forces under 
 his Command, and the lois of 
 the King's Perfon. But in all 
 thefe diftrafting and defperate 
 Cafes, his Lordfhip not only took 
 the proper Reiblutions, but with 
 a Prudence fortunate to himlelf, 
 as well as the Publick, never 
 omitted to fecure the unanimous 
 Content of all in Councils of 
 War, and gave in Writing before- 
 hand the Reafons which " never 
 faiPd of being juftify'd by the 
 Events. 
 
 While
 
 Conduft In Spain. 55 
 
 While Barcelona was encom- 
 pafs'd by Land and Sea (after the 
 lofs of Fort Monjukk) his Lord- 
 (hip found methods to fling 500 
 Men into the Town, which was 
 thought humanely impoffible : 
 And he brought the Forces which 
 ib much contributed to the re- 
 lief of the City, without aban- 
 doning Valencia, or any foot of 
 Ground that he had gain'd in 
 Sfain. He maintain'd his Poft 
 upon the Hills, for near a Fort- 
 night, with about 2500 Men, ne- 
 ver above a League or two from 
 the Enemy ; which he kept in 
 perpetual Alarms, And by the 
 conftant Vigilance he usM, 
 and the exadt Intelligences he 
 procured, he continued in the 
 Neighbourhood of fuch an Ar- 
 my to the laft ; till he made a 
 March of about feven Leagues 
 with ib critical a Difpofition, 
 4 that
 
 56 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 that all his Foot came in a Fleet 
 of Boats he had prepar'd to the 
 number of 3 or 400, and landed 
 at the fame time with the Troops 
 that were on board the Navy. 
 
 The throwing in of fo feafon- 
 able a Reinforcement into Bar- 
 celona, under fuch circum fiances, 
 was as great a Difgrace as hap- 
 pened to the French, except that 
 of their riling from before the 
 Town immediately after ; for 
 the Garrifon, even with this ad- 
 dition^was not ftronger than when 
 my Lord Teterlorow took it with 
 little more than a third part of 
 their Army. In order to fecure 
 this great advantage, when it 
 fhou'd happen, the Earl of Te- 
 terlorow, notwithstanding all the 
 hafte made from Valencia to Bar* 
 celona, had vifited, fortify'd and 
 fecur'd all the Pafles behiftd him, 
 fo as to oblige (with an inconfv 
 
 derable
 
 Condutf in Spain. 57 
 
 dcrable number of regular Troops 
 and the Country-People ) the 
 whole Army of Marefchal de 
 Teffe intirely to abandon Spain : 
 into which, had my Lord's Ad- 
 vice been followed, they had ne- 
 ver to this Day returned, as I 
 fhall prefently (hew. Nothing 
 will appear more wonderful, if 
 People wou'd impartially confi- 
 der it, than how it was poffible 
 for the Earl of Peterlorow^ with 
 about 8000 Men (for he never 
 had more) to gain ground, and 
 defend every Inch of it, againft 
 thirty thoufand as good Troops 
 as any in Europe, and at laft to dif- 
 perfe and drive them out of the 
 Spani/h Dominions. Thofe that 
 have been too willing to find 
 imaginary Faults, and that cou'd 
 not deny fome notorious Servi- 
 ces of his Lordfhip, have how- 
 per reprefented theie Actions as 
 
 effects
 
 58 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 effefts of Spirit and a happy Te- 
 merity ; but fuch effe&s of lucky 
 Chance and Courage feldom pro<- 
 duce above one fortunate Event, 
 and are too often paid for by an 
 after-reckoning. Whereas the 
 whole War, while the Earl of 
 Teterboro'w had the Conduct of it, 
 feem'd nothing but a courfe of 
 prodigious Succefs, without one 
 difappointment or lofs by Land 
 or Sea : And every Adion argu- 
 ed before-hand with all his Offi- 
 cers, and the Reafons upon all 
 great Emergencies fet down in 
 Councils of War, prove that For* 
 tune had little (hare in fuch con* 
 ftant,regular^and forefeen Events; 
 and that his Lordfhip was Pru* 
 dent enough to provide againft 
 the evil Hour, both Abroad and 
 at Home. 
 
 I have dwelt longer upon thefe 
 particulars relating to Barcelona, 
 
 than
 
 Conduct in Spain. 59 
 
 than I at firft intended ; and (hall 
 now go on to what I chiefly 
 aim'd at in thefe papers. 
 
 The Siege being rais'd, and the 
 Enemy advanc'd into Roufitton, 
 his Lordftiip clearly forefaw 
 what defigns they had to put in 
 execution towards the recovery 
 of Sfain : and therefore he imme- 
 diately made all the preffing in* 
 ftances to the King and Court to 
 haften their departure from Bar* 
 celona, and to ufe the utmoft dif- 
 patch to get pofleffion of Ma- 
 drid ; for it was beyond all con- 
 tradidtion that the King's pre- 
 fence at his Capital wou'd have 
 made all the chief places in his 
 Dominions declare for him ; and 
 an ordinary force upon the fron- 
 tier of Ndvar wou'd have fecur'd 
 the pafles there againft any fe- 
 cond entrance of the French into 
 . Thefe motives and argu- 
 ments
 
 w 
 
 60 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 merits urg'd by my Lord had 
 their proper weight with the 
 Court and the Army : and ac- 
 cordingly it was unanimoufly 
 twice refolv'd, in a general Coun- 
 cil of War, by all the Minifters 
 and Officers, that the King ftiould 
 with all diligence imaginable 
 march towards Valencia; and that 
 my Lord < peterloro f w with 6000 
 Men fhoud go thither before, and 
 prepare every thing, in order to 
 carry on his Majefty to Ma- 
 drid. 
 
 .> .***.
 
 -,TT- 
 
 ConduB in Spain. 6 1 
 
 At a Council of War, held in 
 theTrefence of his Catho- 
 lick Majefty in Barcelona, 
 May 18^, 1706. 
 
 " 
 
 PRESENT 
 
 
 The KING. 
 
 Ambaffadour of Portugal. 
 
 Earl of Peterborow. 
 
 Prince Anthony Lichftenftein 
 
 Count Noyailles Marshal deCamp- 
 
 Count \Jlfe\tMarft>alde Camp. 
 
 Admiral Leake. 
 
 Admiral Waflenner. 
 
 Lieufeant- General Windham. 
 
 Prince Henry Landgrave of Hefle. 
 
 Paul Methwin, /<gr; Envoy to Savoy. 
 
 Mitford Crowe, E/fi 
 
 Brigadier Stanhope. 
 
 Admira( Bing. 
 
 Admiral Jennings. 
 
 Den trancifco Zinzerhng. 
 
 TTIS Majefty ha ving propos'd, that 
 JLjL feeing God was plea fed to blefs 
 his Amis with fuch Succefs, and it be- 
 ing
 
 6 1 The E. of Peterboro wv 
 
 ing neceflary to purfue the Advantage 
 before the Enemy fhould have time to 
 gather frefh Forces ; he had called to- 
 gether the Perfons prefent in Council, 
 to deliberate with them about the moft 
 important Operations, and the eafieft 
 Method of putting them in Execution : 
 defiring all their Opinions in a Matter of 
 fo great Confequence, as likewife in 
 the following Propofals. 
 
 1. ' Whether the War lhall be carri- 
 
 * ed on in the Kingdom of Arragon, or 
 1 Valencia. 
 
 2. ' Which and what Troops ought 
 ' to be employed in the Campaign, and 
 
 * what will be fufficient to leave in C*- 
 ' talonia for its defence. 
 
 3. ' What Train of Artillery is pro- 
 ' per, and how the Baggage is to be re- 
 4 gulated. 
 
 4. * How and what Places will be 
 4 moft proper for Magazines. 
 
 5. .* What Operations may be pitcht 
 1 upon with hopes of Succefs. 
 
 6. Where his Majefty lhall be. 
 
 7. * Where the Army fhall Rende- 
 ' vouz. 
 
 Hi*
 
 Condutt m Spain. 65 
 
 HisMajefty concluding with exprefli- 
 ons of his Confidence in the known Va- 
 lour and Application of all the Gene- 
 rals, by whofe Conduct he expected a 
 moll advantageous Progrefs to the Com- 
 mon Caufe. 
 
 i. Admiral Leake declared, that the 
 difpofitions for the Operations of the 
 Fleet, were of a different Nature from 
 thofe by Land, but that he aflur'd in the 
 Name of the reft, that they would com- 
 ply with their Obligations and Services 
 to his Majefty, to the utmoft of their 
 Power, in what belonged to the Sea Ser- 
 vice; and having fhown his Majefty 
 their Opinionsin a Council of War held 
 on Board, he referr'd himfelf to that as 
 his Sentiment, feeing no reafon to alter 
 his Opinion. 
 
 HisMajefty having heard the dif- 
 courfe of every one, it was the unani- 
 mous Opinion of all, That confidering 
 the prefent circumftances of Affairs, it 
 would be beft to carry on the Operations 
 in the Kingdom of JSa/encia, where we 
 fhould not only enjoy the Advantage 
 of the affiftance of the Fleet, which 
 would fave great Expences, and Trou- 
 bles, ; which the Army would be liable 
 to in a March to An Agon ; there being 
 
 no
 
 64 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 no other Body in Spain, that could em- 
 barafs the fpeedy Conqueft of that King- 
 dom, but that fmall one of the Count 
 de las Torres : Routing this, the King- 
 dom of Valencia, would be free, Murcio, 
 would fubmit, and the moft convenient 
 way would be open to proceed with the 
 Army towards the Capital of Madrid, 
 befides the Advantages gotten by incli- 
 ning towards the Portuguefe Army, be- 
 ing able to refift any Force the French 
 can make, in order to hinder the entire 
 Conqueftof the Continent of Spain. 
 
 2. As to the fecond Point: It being 
 of the higheft confequence to preferve 
 this Principality from the Infults, .and 
 thelnvafionsof the Enemy, leaving to 
 this end a confiderableGarrifon in Giro- 
 KA ; altho' it is thought that the Enemy 
 is not in a Condition to befiege any o- 
 ther place this Summer, nor to effecl: 
 any thing againft Barcelona, whilft the 
 Fleet are in thefe parts of the Medite- 
 
 J'^-'VbiiN 
 
 ^f^;'j v,'-:- ;.. *V.\ uj 
 
 Of!
 
 Condutt in Spain/ 65 
 
 It is thought fit to make a difpo- 
 iition of the Troops as follow^ 
 eth. 
 
 forces to remain in Catalonia. 
 
 In Barcelona. 
 
 Marines Wi/Ps, Englifh 1000 
 
 Breforfs Eaglifh 500 
 
 The City Regiment, his Majefty's 1000 
 Of Mariano's Horfe 1 50 
 
 2650 
 
 In Girona. 
 
 Enghlh Fuzilhers 500 
 
 Hammttyfs Englifh 500 
 
 St Am Ant' 's Dutch 600 
 
 Don Jofepb Pagueras, his Majefty's 400 
 The Deputation, his Majefty's 400 
 Don Rafael Nebofs Horfe, his) 
 
 Majetty's J 4 
 
 Moraga's, his Majefty's goo 
 
 3100 
 
 In Lerida. 
 
 Palms Dutch 700 
 
 *r's Regiment, Horfe 

 
 66 The E. of Peterborowv 
 
 In Tortofa. 
 Don Antonio Paguera\ his Majefty's 500 
 
 Total for the Garrifons of Catalonia. 
 
 Infantry 6100 
 
 Cavalry 1000 
 
 7100 
 
 For the Campaign there remains 9 
 
 Infantry. 
 My Lord Peterborow fends by Sea^ 
 
 to Valencia Englifhmen 
 In the faid Kingdom there are in- ; 
 eluding the Regiment of Ahu-f 1 200 
 mada. 3 
 
 The Neopolitans of Caftillion's Re- 7 
 giment. JIOOQ 
 
 Colbatctfs Regiment 500 
 
 4500 
 Cavalry. 
 
 The G ua rds of Zjnzendorf 5 oo 
 
 Morras^s Regiment 500 
 
 IQHegrenfs and Cunningham's t ooo 
 
 Tot a l 6500
 
 Condufi in Spain. 67 
 
 3. It was agreed to take into the Field 
 the following Train, fourteen Field 
 Pieces, four half-Cannon, two Mortars, 
 with Powder, Shot, Bombs, and other 
 Neceflaries proportionable ; and it be- 
 ing of Conlequence to regulate the ne- 
 ceifary Baggage, it was left to fome Ge- 
 nerals to regulate, and concert a Con- 
 tract, at the moft moderate Rate it can 
 be performed for. About the tfh Pro- 
 pofition of the Magazines, and Provi- 
 ilons, my Lord Peterbororv declared he 
 had in the Fleet, Wheat enough for 
 three Months, for twenty Thoufand 
 Men, and it was propos'd to make ano- 
 ther Contract for Bread and Barley, 
 that (hould be neceflary for the Cam- 
 paign, always providing Magazines 
 in the moll convenient Places. The 
 Operation by Sea and Land, ought to 
 be accomodated to the Motions and 
 Difpofitions of the Enemy, endeavour- 
 ing always to fruftrate his Defigns , 
 that he may not have any Opportunity 
 of Advantage againft us. 
 
 4.Where the Refidence of his Majefty 
 fhould be , although he declared his 
 Mind, that he would be at the Head 
 of his Army, it was thought more 
 proper by this Council, that His Maie- 
 F 2 fly
 
 68 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 fly would proceed to Tortofa, that he 
 may be on the Borders of Arrngon 
 and Valencia,, to Animate with his pre- 
 fence, the general Inclinations of his 
 Subjects, in putting them under his 
 Obedience, and to forward the dif- 
 polition for the Campaign, towards 
 the fpeedy bringing the Army toge- 
 ther, and when fo, and fit for Service, 
 that they may be in the Neighbour- 
 ing Towns, that they may have im- 
 mediate Notice, and that his Majefty 
 may with more eafe ifTue out thofe 
 Orders that any Occafion may re- 
 quire. 
 
 5. Touching the lad Propofal, where 
 the Army ought to join : Twas the 
 common Opinion that the moft conve- 
 nient place for the Rendevouz would be 
 nigh Valencia, for the eafe of fending 
 by Land or Sea with greater Conveni- 
 ency #11 neceifaries for the Camp, and 
 for being the more at hand for the 
 preventing any Attempt of the Ene- 
 my.- 
 
 His Majefty agreed to all the 
 fore-going Difcourles and Opinions , 
 and refolved they fhould be put in 
 Execution with the utmoft dilligence, 
 giving my Lord Peterborow the care 
 
 to
 
 Conduft in Spain. 69 
 
 to diftribute the Troops, as agreed, 
 and to fend the Horfe towards fa- 
 lencia , leaving about four Hundred 
 Horfe for his Majefty's Guard. 
 
 By his Majefty's Order 
 frtMc. Adelfo Z^nzerling. 
 
 
 
 per A. Furly. 
 
 . 
 
 __ 
 
 . 
 
 K, T te 
 
 '
 
 jo The E. of Peterborow^ 
 
 The Reader will obferve, that 
 in this Council of War there is a 
 difpofition of all the Troops we 
 had on this fide of Spain : a number 
 perhaps that will be furprizing 
 to thofe, that remember how vi- 
 goroutly and early the Parlia- 
 ment, after the firft Siege of Bar- 
 celona, voted a ftrong reinforce* 
 ment to be fent immediately to 
 thofe parts ; and that accordingly 
 the London Gazette of June 2 4-th 
 1 706 did his Lordfhip the ho-r 
 nour to put him at the head of an 
 Army of 25000. But however 
 his Lordfhip, contrary ro his u f 
 fual fortune , happen'd to be 
 magnify'd in this particular ; 
 all the Forces his Lordfhip 
 cou'd mufter up in Valencia, (his 
 Majefty having been pleafed to 
 remand , after my Lord was 
 aboard, about aooo of the 6000 
 prder'd thither) were fomevvhat 
 
 above
 
 
 Condutt in Spain. 71 
 
 above 4000, and wanted of the 
 twenty five thoufand little more 
 than the odd twenty. 
 
 This Council of War which 
 his Lordfhip obtained, fo folemn* 
 ly agreed upon and a fecond time 
 confirmed, ihews the Earl of Ye* 
 teriorouus earneftnefs and impa- 
 tience for the march to Madrid. 
 In order to which, the day being 
 fettled for the King's leaving Bar- 
 celma, nay, and the very route of 
 his journey adjufted, his Lord- 
 fhip having fent all the Cavalry 
 before, went on board the Fleet 
 with the Foot, who were in no 
 condition to march for want of 
 baggage-neceflaries , and landed 
 at Valencia the beginning of June. 
 His Lordfhip thought he cou'd 
 make no better ufe of his fliort 
 ftay here , than to recruit his 
 fhatter'd Cavalry; which he not 
 only did , but mounted a new 
 F 4 Re-
 
 7 a The E. of Peterborowj 
 
 Regiment of Dragoons, draught- 
 ed out of the companies of Foot ; 
 there being always in this Coun- 
 try, and efpecially in our circum- 
 ftances, which required difpatch, 
 a neceffity for a good body of 
 Horfe. In which fingle Regi- 
 rnent I can't but remark what 
 may feem a Paradox to fome, 
 that his Lordfhip fav'd the Queen 
 near aoooo /. the Horfes, one 
 with another, cofting not above 
 10 7. a piece, which if they had 
 been tranfported from England 
 or Ireland, wou'd have flood Her 
 Majefty at leaft in 60 /. as we 
 found thofe actually did which 
 firft went upon the del cent into Ca- 
 talonia^ Indeed it may juftly be 
 faid of his Lordfhip, That how- 
 ever .liberal he was of his own, 
 no one was ever a more frugal 
 irianager of the publick Stock; 
 his Lordfhip having given feve- 
 
 ra|
 
 Condutt in Spain. 73 
 
 ral inftances in this extraordinary 
 War, that he cou'd fometimes 
 maintain an Army without mo- 
 ney, as well as take Towns with- 
 out men. And this Regiment, to 
 (hew his Lordfhip had no great 
 mind to delay his march into 
 Caflile , had their route given 
 them, the very fame day they were 
 mounted. 
 
 And here his Lordfliip's inde- 
 fatigable pains, in procuring and 
 purchaiing Mules for the baggage 
 of the Army, deferves to be ta- 
 ken notice of: which, though 
 it may at the firft view feem ? 
 trifle, yet, confidering the ex- 
 tream want we were in for them, 
 and our incapacity to take the 
 Field without them, as well as 
 the difficulty and trouble to get 
 them in a Country juft exhaufted 
 by the Enemy, ought to be 
 look'd upon as no ordinary piece 
 
 of
 
 74 The E. of Peterborow*v 
 
 of fervice ; I am fure it was a 
 fervice that no one there but his 
 Lordfhip cou'd at that time have 
 done. At leaft thofe that faw 
 his Lordfliip for three weeks to- 
 gether, from morning to night, 
 fatiguing himfelf in this manner, 
 and fubmittjng to the drudgery of 
 the loweft Officers, did not at all 
 fufpefit that his Lordfliip had fo 
 little inclination to march, as 
 fome have fmce pretended to dif- 
 cover. 
 
 To facilitate our entrance into 
 C&ftile, his Lordfliip immediately 
 lent Lieutenant General Ifyndbam 
 withabody of 1500 men to be- 
 fiege Requena-, a ftrong and 
 troublefomeGarrifon, and indeed 
 the only one in the road to Ma- 
 drid, and the firil frontier Town 
 of the Enemy : the enterprize 
 fucceeded to our wiflies , ati4 
 the way lay open for his Ma- 
 
 jelly's
 
 Condutt in Spain. 75 
 
 jefty's march. For his Lordfhip 
 prov'd to the King by the con- 
 ilant pafling of Deferters as well 
 as ExpreiTes, that there was no- 
 thing now to hinder his Majefty 
 from reaching Madrid with a 
 fmall party of Horfe only ; and 
 he thought a King needed not 
 much perfuafion to take poflef- 
 fion of a Crown, when 'twou'd 
 be rather a journey of Pleafure, 
 than a March, and this to be ea* 
 lily performed in a fortnights 
 time. 
 
 My Lord having made all the 
 necellary prepartions for the car- 
 rying on the King and the Troops, 
 was furpriz'd to find fuch a de- 
 lay in the Court : and tho' by 
 frequent Meflages and Letters 
 he had urg'd the neceffity of the 
 King's departure from Barcelona^ 
 his Majefty did not think fit 
 to fet out from that place till 
 
 near
 
 7 6 The E. of Peterboro wV 
 
 near a month after the time a- 
 greed upon. 'Twas yet a great- 
 er furprize to his Lordfhip, when 
 he had notice that the King, 
 upon his arrival at Tarragona^ 
 had intirely alter'd all rhe 
 fcheme of his march, and was 
 refolv'd to go round by Saragofa. 
 The Earl of Teterlorow repre- 
 fented, with all the earneftnefs 
 he cou'd, the danger of the leaft 
 delay in fo critical a Juncture ; 
 the hazard as well as the great 
 inconvenience of fo tedious a 
 march through fo barren and 
 mountainous aCountry,and where 
 his Majefty might run the rifque 
 of being intercepted and fur- 
 priz'd by the Enemy. His Lord- 
 ihip fhew'd a more than ordi- 
 nary Zeal in foliciting this af- 
 fair : fent Letters every day to 
 diffuade his Majefty from his de- 
 lign'd journey, difpatch'd a De- 
 putation
 
 Condutt in Spain. 77 
 
 putation of the V&lendan Nobi- 
 lity, tranfmitted the Opinion of 
 Councils of War where the Sfa- 
 ni/b Minifters as well as Englift 
 affifted, unanimoufly defiring and 
 preffing the King to continue his 
 march the eafieft and neareft way 
 by Valencia , as was firft pro- 
 pos'd. 
 
 . 
 
 , 
 
 * 
 
 ' 
 
 - 
 
 
 . 
 
 Ex * 
 
 .
 
 7 8 The E. of Peterboro w 
 
 ' 
 
 Yjt -J 
 
 ExtraSs of Letters from my Lord 
 Peterborow to the King of 
 Spain* 
 
 Valencia, $th Jutj, 1706. 
 
 CArtbagea has fubmitted , and the 
 Garrifon confifts of 500 Men. Re- 
 quena has Capitulated, the Soldiers Pri- 
 foners of War. The Inhabitants with- 
 out Terms to be difpofed of at your 
 Pieafure. Your Majefty will find the 
 Horfe and 2000 Foot near Alar con ^ half 
 way to Madrid -, the Spaniards and Ger- 
 mans are on that fide. 
 
 The way is fo free betwixt this and 
 Madrid, that the Deferters pafs three or 
 four in a Company: Your Majefty may 
 pafs to your Capital this way, as in a 
 moft profound Peace, and with what 
 Expedition you think fit to make. 
 
 I have writ at large to Mr. Zjnzer- 
 ling, and have reprelented to him the 
 prelling Reafons which fin my Opinion) 
 requires your Majefty 's prefence in your 
 Capital. On this fide there are no dif- 
 ficulties, 'tis properly but a Journey of
 
 Condutt in Spain. 79 
 
 a few Days ; but by Arragon it is the 
 Bufinefs of fix Weeks, or two Months, 
 and all the Affairs of Europe in the 
 mean time in fufpence; the March alfo 
 dangerous and uncertain. 
 
 Who can offer to your Majefty any 
 Opinion upon the Affairs of Italj, and 
 the Indies j recommended to Mr. Stan- 
 topeand my felf? All that we can fay 
 to your Majefty, is, that the Grand 
 Fleet is not arriv'd, but that your Ma- 
 jefty may in a Fortnights time beat Ma- 
 drid, fee u re of the Spanijh Monarchy , 
 ready to give the neceffary Orders for 
 the Intereft of Europe-, and that by 
 that time we fhall be in a Condition 
 to execute all that your Majefty may 
 think Neceffary by Sea and Land. 
 
 The Refolution of your Majefty's 
 coming in Perfon this way is in no wife 
 an Objection to the March of the 
 Troops neceffary by the lide of Arra- 
 gon. On the contrary when it is known 
 that your Majefty is at Madrid, and ca- 
 pable of giving them the proper Aflift- 
 ances ; there will be no Difficulties made 
 in that Kingdom. Sir, it is only in your 
 Capital, where the Proper and Neceffa- 
 ry Orders can be given. 
 
 If
 
 8o The E. of Peterborow^ 
 
 If your Majefty pafles directly by 
 Reqaena, without lofing one Moment, 
 which feems to me the neceffary Refo- 
 lution, it will be proper for me to flay 
 here to put Matters into fuch a difpofi- 
 tion, as to prevent any delay. If your 
 Majefty does not take this determinati- 
 on, you will be pleated to give me 
 Advice of it, that I may immediately 
 take Poft and come to you. 
 
 I have borrowed the Mony necefTa- 
 ry to put your Majefty's Troops in 
 March, and it feems to me there is no- 
 thing wanting but your Perfon at Ma- 
 drid. God Almighty bring your Maje- 
 fty thither without delay.
 
 Condutt in Spain. 81 
 
 ; 
 VAlencitfulj 6tii 9 1706. 
 
 c r i) 
 
 O 1 A, 
 
 TH E City of Valencia thought 
 themfelves obliged in Duty to let 
 your Majefty know, how extreamly 
 they defired that your Majefty would be 
 pleafed to Honour them with your Pre- 
 fence; they have Advertifed me that 
 they were fending anExprefs to Torto* 
 fa. I have nothing in particular to 
 Communicate to your Majefty, but 
 that they have ftopt in the Town of 
 CAmpillo, a Courier fent with Letters 
 from the Marquefs Das Minos and my 
 Lord Ga/lrvaj to your Majefty DonPedro 
 Moras, who is March'd that way, fhall 
 Chaftife thofe People as they deferve, 
 \vho have fent thofe Letters to the Duke 
 of Anjou towards Navarre. It is faid 
 thofe Generals folicited your Majefty 
 that you would be pleafed to pafs by 
 VAlenciA towards Madrid,, that they 
 made offers to your Majefty to fend 
 Horfe to reinforce ours, if they were 
 Wanting, and to inform you that they 
 would not enter Madrid without your 
 Majefty, where every thing languifh'd 
 for want of your Prefence. 
 
 G I
 
 82 71* E. 0/PeterborowV 
 
 I have received Letters from the 
 Admirals : neither they, Sir, nor I know 
 what to fay in this Conjun&ure. It 
 feemsas if every thing were at a ftand, 
 till your Majefty givesLife to the whole, 
 by your Prefence in the Capital. If I 
 may offer any thing to your Majefty, 
 from the Queen, from the Allies, or 
 from my felf, it muft be my moft earneft 
 Prayers, that your Majefty would not 
 lofe one Moment in going to Madrid: All 
 fufFers by your Abfence. I expeft your 
 Orders, Sir, that I may go to Tortofa, or 
 to prepare every thing for your fhorteft 
 way by RequenA^ or what elfe your Ma- 
 jefty thinks nece&ary. I hope the Count 
 SavelU is arrivM near your Perfon: I re- 
 fer my felf to his Zeal, and to his know- 
 ledge of his own Country, aflu ring your 
 Majefty on my part of a diligence to 
 ferve you, and of a moft earneft defire 
 to fee you the greateft Prince of the 
 Age.
 
 Conduct in Spain. 8 3 
 
 SIR, 
 
 IF it is no more proper to fpeak to 
 your Majefty upon the Refolutions 
 you have taken, it is now my Duty to 
 do all in my Power to fuftain what you 
 have refolved upon,having already com- 
 plied with my Obligations, in offering 
 to your Majefty (with all poflible Sub- 
 miilion) mySentiments, when I thought 
 they might have been of ufe. In the 
 preient Circumftances, lam afraid that 
 the Enemies Cavalry may burn all the 
 Country to the Gates of Sarragofa; 
 your Majefty doubtlefs will have receiv- 
 ed the Exprefs which came from Madrid; 
 he made us highly fenfible how much it 
 were to be wiflied that your Majefty 
 were already there. You will fee, Sir> 
 by the Queens Letter, that her Majefty 
 has been pleated to increafemy Burden, 
 which was but too weighty before; fhe 
 has lent me Orders and Inftrucltons, 
 plain and clear upon the prefent State 
 of Affairs: if I had received them before, 
 I (hould have reprefented (if poflible) 
 with more force the Neceflity of pa/ling 
 
 G 2
 
 84. 
 
 with the utmoft Diligence to Madrid by 
 the fecure way of Vtkntet* 
 
 I muft Advertife your Majefty in the 
 Name of the Queen, that not only fhe 
 is making the utmoft Efforts for the In- 
 tereft of your Majefty,in all places where 
 her Troops can Aft, but that alfo the 
 Engiijb Nation fuffers extreamly by the 
 zealous Endeavours for your Service. 
 The French have ruin'd fomeof our Co- 
 lonies in America, : St.Chri/lophers has fuf- 
 fer'd more than the reft, the Enemy 
 having Cent confiderable Forces that 
 way, which made them fo weak before 
 Barcelona. They endeavour'd to fecure 
 the polleflion of Carthagena, and the 
 Havana. I have the neceflary Advices 
 and Inftruftions upon that great Article, 
 which fo nearly concerns your Majefty 
 and all Europe: and yet the precious time 
 is loft by a dangerous March out of the 
 way, when your Majefty might Reme- 
 dy all at Madrid. 
 
 I obey your Majefty's Orders witji re- 
 lation to the Regiments of Jhumadaznd 
 Colbatch'. tho' I muft take the Liberty to 
 fay they are fo far advanced in Cajtile, 
 that their March by Madrid, would 
 prove the fhorteft and moft practicable 
 way to- go to Sartgof*. - :
 
 Condufi in Spain. 85 
 
 I fee by Mr. Zjvzerlixgs Letter, how 
 much your Majefty is in want of Mony. 
 I have fome little come from England, 
 and will fend it immediately to Saragofe, 
 after having given the neceflary Orders 
 for the March of your Troops accord- 
 ing to your Command ; efteeming my 
 felf moft Happy when I can be ufeful to 
 your Majefty, whofe Glory and Efta- 
 bliihmentldefire above all things. 
 
 Fart of a Letter from the King. 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 I Owe you Anfwers to Four of yours 
 of the ^oth paft, of the ift, and 
 5th of this Month, which I have re- 
 ceiv'd in different places. You repre- 
 fent to me the Importance of my arriv- 
 ing as foon as poflible at Madrid, and 
 propofe to me the way of Requena, as 
 the fhorteft and fecureft from Infults. 
 You tell me the Difpofitions you have 
 made to accompany my Perfon, and 
 moreover offer me to come in Perfon to 
 concert the reft, which might contri- 
 bute to our good Succefs; for all which 
 G j I
 
 86 The.E. 0/Peterborowv 
 
 lam very much oblig'd to you, but be- 
 ing upon the Road to Arra,gon, and en- 
 gag'd to purfue my March that way, 
 &c. 
 
 I confider that the Journy you muft 
 make to Sa/agofa to meet me would be 
 too long, and difficult ; and fince the 
 Fleet is expe&ed each moment, I con- 
 ceive your Prefence very neceilary 
 where you are, todireft that important 
 Affair of the Duke of SAVOJ, upon which 
 I have fo fully exprefled my felf in fome 
 ot my former Letters. 
 
 CHARLE 
 
 A t i j 
 
 S. 
 IT 
 
 t 
 
 What 
 
 [f J( B If/! : d ^ ->J J il2 60O TT ;
 
 Conduit in Spain. 87 
 
 What Opinion his Lordftiip had 
 of this journey will yet further 
 appear, by a Letter to one of the 
 Minifters in England^ where his 
 Lordfhip has fet down the natu- 
 ral confequences of fo ftrange a 
 refolution in fuch a manner, as 
 (hews he was no ill Prophet, 
 and could not therefore neglect 
 to prevent ( if in his pow- 
 er ) mifchiefs he fo well fore- 
 law. For, how can he be fup- 
 pos'd to have been fo far wanting 
 to his own reputation and intereft, 
 as not to have follicited, and pref- 
 fed for the carrying the King to 
 his Capital; which wou'dhavegU 
 ven him the entire glory of finifh- 
 ing the War, and prevented others 
 from any pretence to a (hare in the 
 honour of placing the King upon 
 his Throne ? 
 
 G 4 J5>c- 
 
 
 -
 
 88 The E. of Peterborowj 
 
 f'ifif ' SjBfiWk 
 
 'r* rr ->/ T '.Oft'lUO; r.-uh 10 
 
 xtract of a JLetter writ by the 
 Earl of Petcrborovv to a Mini* 
 fter , Jr0w Valencia in July 
 
 *7 * i ')o 
 
 THAT torrent ;,pf good Fortune 
 which overcomes all Difficulties, 
 and that infatuation which feems in eve- 
 ry place to have feiz'd the Enemy, dif- 
 fi pates thofe fears I might. juftly have 
 of Shipwreck in the very Port : But it 
 is a cruel circumftance, that after fo ma- 
 ny efcapes and fo many dangers over- 
 come, to fee all fo injudicioufly expos'd 
 by the moft unaccountable Refolutions 
 that ever were taken, i-j 
 
 You may have receiv'd by Italy, be- 
 fore thefe come to hand, fome Letters 
 which I writ in the uncertainty of what 
 the P.ortuguefes might, 4o. <By all Ac- 
 counts, the leaft oppoiltion wouM have 
 made them turn backr It was 'hard 
 enough to make thefri 'ivatk ttfMtar/a, 
 tho' meeting no refinance. And by the 
 Exprefs that pafs'd two Days ago by 
 Valencia to the King, we are informed 
 that the unfortunate Delays to which 
 
 his
 
 Cmduft in Spain. 89 
 
 his Majefty is advis'd in his Journy to 
 Madrid,may caufe the moft fatal changes ; 
 lince, if any Foot can join their Horfe, 
 which is retir'd from Madrid to the num- 
 ber of 6000, I doubt we may fee fome 
 extraordinary Revolutions. 
 
 Judge of my Mortification andGrief,to 
 fee fo glorious and fure aGame expos'd to 
 what lam going to reprefent.Ifl were at 
 theHead of the 6000 Spanish Horfe, which 
 arc very good, I would be accountable 
 with my Life, that inftead of the King's 
 coming by Saragofa to Madrid, when his 
 IVjdjefty was in that Capital, I Wou'd 
 burn and deftroy all that Country, even 
 to the Walls of that City : That no- 
 thing lefs than the march of the whole 
 Portugal Army and theharrafing their 
 poor, if they cou'd take the Field, fhou'd 
 make it poflible for the King to get to 
 Madrid : That I wou'd at leait delay his 
 inarch till perhaps the French Foot and 
 Horfe might from Navar come into Ar- 
 ragon : And then give me leave to fay 
 one Battle wou'd decide the Fate of 
 Spaia. > 
 
 ' 
 
 Not, 
 

 
 90 The E. of Peterboro w'j- 
 
 Not with Handing all thefe ad* 
 vices, remonftrances, and warn- 
 ings, the King continued firm in 
 his refolution : 'tis needlefs to 
 fhew how fatal a one, fmce it not 
 only cut us off from all the op- 
 portunities tff gaining further 
 advantages, but occafion'd fome 
 time after the lofs of what we 
 had been with fo much pains, and 
 I may almoft fay with ib many 
 miracles poflefs'd of. The King 
 thus perfifting in thefe meafures, 
 hisLordfhip had no other hopes left 
 but that, fince he perceiv'd there 
 was a correfpondence bet ween his 
 Majefty and the Tortuguefe Army, 
 who were now, as he was told, 
 matters of Madrid, thofethat had 
 the command there wou'd make 
 all the advantages of fo happy a 
 conjuncture : and not only fecure 
 that Capital till they had fafely 
 conducted the King thither, but 
 
 take
 
 ConduB in Spain. 9 1 
 
 take care to feize and fortifie the 
 pafles in Navar ; the only and 
 obvious expedient left, fince the 
 King was refolv'd on thefe new 
 methods , to keep him in the 
 quiet poffeffion of his King- 
 dom. 
 
 I (han't inquire into the mo- 
 tives of his Majefty's Conduct in 
 this particular ; 'tis a matter too 
 nice, and perhaps improper to be 
 examin'd here. But I can't for- 
 bear faying it has been with no 
 little aftonifhment that I have 
 heard my Lord felerloro^) ac- 
 cus'd, as being the caufe of this 
 Journey through Arragm : tho' 
 indeed it has been his Fate more 
 than once, to be charged even 
 with thofe mifcarriages, which 
 he us'd his utmoft -gndeavours to 
 prevent. 
 
 There have been reports fpread 
 about, and but too much encou- 
 
 raa'd 
 
 "g a >
 
 9 * The E. of Peterborow'j? ""* 
 rag'd, that the King having de- 
 manded. Mony for the neceffary 
 charges of his journey, my Lord 
 'peter fofowiti a' 'very peremptory 
 manner refus'd toleqd'hirn any ; 
 and that 1 l upo'n this denial/ the 
 King was reiblv'd to^ake his 
 progrefs tfiro' Arraffpn y where he 
 hop'd a fre(h v Province/, that had 
 lately declar'd for him, woa'd 
 be inclined to fupplyiiis prefent 
 neceffities: 
 
 The ftory indeed is very plauf 
 : arid ' with this additional 
 t, that his Lordfhip had re- 
 ceived rojooo /. remitted for 
 his Majefty's fervice, and wou'd 
 give np P*a^;to the King's Troops 
 then in Valencia, Ihews tri'e *,true 
 fpirit of Calumny ; which tb'car- 
 ry on a: "'rhaficibus defign, mull 
 not only raife fufpicions,but deny 
 fats. For his Lordship AVa : s fo 
 far from refufrhg the King upon 
 
 this
 
 Condutt in Spain. 93 
 
 this account any Mony which he 
 had in his power to give him, 
 that his Lordship not having re- 
 ceived any part of the pretended 
 103000 /. was forc'd to order for 
 that purpofe a very confiderable 
 fum, appropriated to other ufes. 
 And 'tis well known to all thofe 
 that were acquainted with what 
 pafs'd in Spain, that his Lord- 
 ihip being inform'd of thefe Ca- 
 lumnies, brought Mr. Mead, the 
 Queen's Paymafter , before the 
 King and Mr. Stanhofe, who in 
 regard to thefe points gave this 
 account to his Majefty ; That all 
 hisTroops had been paid ten days 
 advance, for which he produc'd 
 their Receipts, That no part of 
 the 1 03000 /. was come to his 
 hands, but that however forty 
 thoufand Pound had been ad- 
 vanc'd for his Majefty's fervice, 
 at the earned: follicitation of the 
 
 Earl
 
 9 4. The E. of Peterboro w 9 s 
 
 Earl of < Peter&or<n*)) which was 
 defignM and appointed for other 
 fervices. 
 
 Nay , when upon his arri- 
 val at Saragofa^ his Majefty 
 was in want of a Supply, and 
 fent to my Lord Teterborow for 
 it, his Lordfliip immediately dif- 
 patch'd all the mony of his own, 
 or what he could get upon Cre- 
 dit, and had his Majefty's thanks 
 return 'd in a very obliging Let- 
 ter. So far was my Lord Teterlo- 
 row from refufing the King mo- 
 ny towards fupporting the march 
 that was at fir ft defign'd, and fo 
 much wiflfd for by his Lordfhip; 
 that he took care his Majefty 
 fhou'd not want it even in a jour- 
 ney, which his Lordfhip cou'd by 
 no means approve of. 
 
 It
 
 Condutt in Spain. 95 
 
 It is a hard circumftance of 
 my Lord's Fortune, that he muft 
 at home be put to prove him- 
 felf unconcern'd in a matter, 
 which if he had laid any claim 
 to abroad, his pretences wou'd 
 have been utterly deny'd. For a 
 Sfamft Grandee, a Minifter of 
 great Influence at that time, the 
 Conde de Cifuentes, took all the 
 merit of this journey to himfelf; 
 as he profefs'd in a Letter he 
 wrote to ingratiate himfelf and 
 the Court with the People of 
 Arragm, to this effect : c I have 
 1 us'd my utmoft endeavours, and 
 c at laft fucceeded, in bringing the 
 King by the way of Arragon : 
 c which his Majefty comply'd 
 c with the more eafily, being fa- 
 4 tisfied that fince the Cervices 
 c you offer'd were free and vo- 
 c luntary > not like thofe of the 
 ' Catalans and I^alencians, out of 
 
 4 any
 
 96 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 f any fear or compulfion , you 
 4 had a better Title to his Maje- 
 c fty's prefence among you. 
 
 -conn j]t 
 
 The Valencians, who had fo 
 diftinguish'd themfelves in their 
 good fer vices to the King, re- 
 lented this Letter fo far, that 
 they printed it and difpers'd it 
 about the Country : To 1 hew- 
 how ill they had been reprefent- 
 ed to his Majefty, and how all 
 that the Nobility and Gentry of 
 that Kingdom had done and fuf- 
 fer'd for the Auftrian Caufe, was 
 now overlooked, in compliment 
 to this Noble Counts new favou* 
 rites and correspondents^ the Pea* 
 of Saragofa*. 
 
 tf" 8 lt 3 PP ears plainly what 
 turn the Court then gave to 
 Expedition. What other 
 motives they might have for it, 
 
 is
 
 Ctwduft in Spain. 97 
 
 is befides my purpofe to inquire; 
 his Lord (hip haying not the leafl 
 hand in this dark and unfortunate 
 affair. Only it m^y by the way 
 remark'd,that his Majefty always 
 gave it as a reafon of his going 
 by Saragofa^ that the Generals of 
 the Tortuguefe Army wou'd move 
 that way, and had promis'd to 
 fecure his march to their Camp. 
 And 'tis certain that when Col. 
 Pepper was fent by my Lord Pe* 
 tcrborow from J/alencia to the 
 Kirig, who was then ori his way 
 toSdragofa^ 'with the mbft tirgent 
 ibllicitations to return into the 
 rbad fifft propos'd: his Majefty 
 did agree to what my Lord of- 
 fer'd , and difpatch'd the Coll. 
 back again, with orders to his 
 Lordftiip accordingly; But a 
 French Officer from the T&rtfr 
 guefe Camp arriving at 
 
 H 
 <
 
 98 The E. 0/Peterborow'j- 
 
 the King recall'd Col. Peffer, and 
 was refolv'd to purfue the route 
 he was in. 
 
 But to return to Valencia. We 
 have feen the reafon of his Lord- 
 fhip's ftay here : and fure no one 
 will accufe him for it, as long as 
 he was, tho' very uneafie, in ex- 
 peftation every day of the King's 
 coming, which he was oblig'd to 
 wait for by the fundamental 
 Council of War at Barcelona ; or 
 will imagin he ought to have 
 march'd himfelf, and left his 
 Majefty to have follow'd him 
 alone, thro' a difaffefted Country 
 to Madrid. His Lordfhip as foon 
 as he found there was no further 
 hopes of prevailing with the 
 King, or diverting him from his 
 refolutions, immediately order'd 
 all the Forces to advance into C0- 
 Jtile, except 900 men which were 
 loft for the neceflary fecurity 
 
 * of
 
 ;vf Condutf in Spain. 99 
 
 of the Kingdom of Valencia, and 
 
 in .a, few days join'd them hlm- 
 
 r tr 
 ieir. 
 
 A nd in this he was forc'd to have 
 the Opinion of a Council of War 
 of both Spaniards and Engli/hy to 
 releafe him from the obligation 
 he lay under of flaying for the 
 King : his Lordfhip having been 
 always fo cautious as to aft by a 
 Council of War, ever fince that 
 (he hopes pardonable) action of 
 taking Barcelona without one. 
 
 , . 
 
 
 
 
 
 H 2 At,
 
 loo The E. of Peterborow'/ 
 
 At a Council of War, Md at 
 the J^ice-Rofs Palace in 
 Valencia , June 26th , 
 1706. 
 
 ;.-.: Jo -.. . :tv- i i . ' : v'.a'> r 
 PRESENT 
 
 His Excellency the Conde of Cardona. 
 
 TheCondeof Savella. 
 
 TheCondeof Elda. 
 
 //// Excellency the Ear I of Pcterborow- 
 
 The HorP* Engager Killagrew. 
 
 The Ho tu Brigadier Hamilton. 
 
 The Hon^u Collonel Pepper. 
 
 The Hon"< Collonel Southwell. 
 
 The Hon^ Collonel Allnutt. 
 
 AN Officer arriving Exprefs to F4- 
 lencia from the Earl of Gal/tvay 
 with Letters for the King, and Prince 
 Lichtenftein, and none for the Earl of 
 PeterboroiV) who never had received from 
 the Generals of that Army the leaft ac- 
 count of their Circumftances, or De- 
 figns ; this Gentleman however giving 
 informations of great Diforders com- 
 mitted
 
 Condu&in Spain. loi 
 
 mitted by the Portuguefes, and great 
 Difcontents and Uneafinefs among the 
 Officers, with Difcourfes of their In- 
 tentions of retiring towards their Fron- 
 tiers: 
 
 Upon due Confideration and Debate 
 of thefe critical Circumftances, not- 
 withftanding the fundamental Council 
 of War at Barcelona, which obliges the 
 Earl of Peterbororv to attend the Kings 
 Motions, in order to his March to A/4- 
 drid, notwithstanding the Queens Com- 
 mands to follicite preilingly the King of 
 Stains Confent to embark fome Fores 
 for Italy ; notwithftanding the Invafi- 
 on threatned from Murcia, and Anda- 
 lupa on Valencia ; yet it is unanimoufly 
 the Opinion of all prefent (Subjects of 
 the King of Spain and others) that the 
 Earl of Pcterborow do March all thofe 
 Forces that are (not near Altea ready 
 for embarking but) at Requena, and itt 
 the Frontiers of Caftile, either diredly 
 for Madrid, or to join the Portugal Army, 
 as Occurences fhall require; and that 
 he fend an Officer immediately to the 
 King to renew the defires of all, that 
 his Majefty without lofs of time would 
 be gracioufly pleafed to March towards 
 H Afc-
 
 The E. 0/Peterborowrr 
 
 Madrid by the fafe and beaten Road, 
 paffing directly by Tirruel and the up- 
 per way of Valencia, to Requena, where 
 fuch a Difpofition is made of the Forces 
 by the Earl of Peterborow, as may fecure 
 the Kings Perfon, his Baggage, and the 
 Troops with him, without any poflibi- 
 lity of danger, or requiring any March 
 of the Portugal Army further from Ma- 
 drid, which might givefome uneafinefs 
 or prove of Prejudice to the Service. 
 
 perd.Fwly, 
 
 i ' -:;t ; :r t'fhiv;-'o;j . (*. \ K ; 
 js:;, . V v'Jx ff!u^ L.c: ^'^ - 
 
 fiiqO i'J: 
 ,\>i 'io l-iij'-'f 
 
 i lily? jj i- -.-,-V.k lot 
 
 linrO?'.- vj-'Oer.
 
 Conduff in Spain. 1 03 
 
 Thofe who know that two Ex- 
 prefles from the Tvrtuguefe Army 
 to the King did actually pafs 
 thro' Valencia, where my Lord 
 TetertoYowwzs, may perhaps be 
 ftartled at the mention made here 
 in this Council of War of the 
 want of Intelligence from thofe 
 parts . but whether it was thro' 
 multiplicity of bufinefs, or the 
 difficulty of finding out his Lord- 
 (hip with a body 4000 men, it 
 appears by the following Certifi- 
 cate, that they did not favour his 
 Lordfhip with the leaft account 
 <xf their motions : if that word 
 be not improperly apply 'd to their 
 refting 40 days at Madrid. 
 
 The
 
 j 04. The, E. of Peterborow'^ 
 
 v.. ,- UiY.i ,'<'i;i'orfw ^i-?;f E'--?; 
 The Copy of a Certificate. 
 
 difpatchf from Madrid on the 
 zyth qf June lafk) the Orders of the 
 ^iare^uefs Pas Minas, and my Lord Gall- 
 way, with Letters for his M^jefy Kjng 
 Charles the $d : Thefe are to certife that 
 1 pa/fed through the Cit) of Valencia this 
 Day without having any Letters, for the EarJ 
 of Peterborow, from either of the above 
 fo 
 
 Qentlemen ; andfo proceeded on m 
 to the Kjng, Valencia 6th July 1706 
 
 Pen Juaq de Franques y Luega 
 
 per A. Furty. 
 
 H
 
 ConduB in Spain. 105 
 
 I have he^rd it often objected 
 to his Lordftiip, that he delayed 
 his march to Madrid on purpofe, 
 out of an unwillingnefs to have 
 any difpute about command with 
 my Lord Gallwaj) or to aft in 
 concert with the 'Portuguefe Ar- 
 my. A Calumny as ridiculous 
 as falfe, and contrary to the 
 whole tenor of his Lordfhip's 
 defigns and actions. But I reckon 
 it a happinefs to his Lordfhip to 
 be traduc'd not only where there 
 Is no colour for it, but where 
 the matter of fat direftly con- 
 tradi&s the afperfion. 
 
 An immediate march to Ma* 
 drid was what his Lordftiip 
 wi(h'd and laboui'd for, with all 
 the Zeal and Sollicitations pofli- 
 ble, as well knowing there was 
 nothing elfe wanting to put a 
 finifhing ftroke to his glorious 
 Succeffes. and fecure the Spamjb 
 
 "KM 
 
 Mo-
 
 1 06 ffa E. of PeterborowV 
 
 Monarchy to to the Houfe 
 Jlria , againft any efforts that 
 cou'd probably be made by 
 France. Juft before his Lordfllip 
 inarch'd, he receiv'd Letters from 
 the King/ informing him that 
 now his Majefty was fatisfy'd 
 every thing was fecure itiSfxinpnd 
 that the Portuguese Army wou'M 
 be fufficient to protect him from 
 arty Attempts that the Enemy 
 cou'd be able to make againft 
 him: and 'therefore his Majefty 
 prefs'd his Lordfhip to fend the 
 Forces under his command to the 
 relief of the Duke of Savoy pur- 
 luant to the Queen's inftrufticrns, 
 or to reduce the 1 Inlands in the 
 Medhefrantin. 
 JTioq ^floif6li^ r iQ< - 
 
 n i:j.] o1 
 
 &4\ 9f!t ^iinsi farjs t aH 
 -oM
 
 Cwidutt in Spain. 1 07 
 
 . 
 
 i 
 
 The King of SpainV Letter. 
 
 tr r 
 
 My Lora, 
 
 BEing aflur'd by all hands of the 
 glorious Progrefs of the Arms of 
 niy Allies in Cafti/e, and that the City 
 ofSaragofa, and almoft all the Kingdom 
 of An Agon have fubmitted to me ; asal- 
 fo having advice that the Army is pre- 
 paring to approach the Kingdom of Ar- 
 ragoa, to conduft me from thence to my 
 Capital : I would not lofe this Oppor- 
 tunity to allure you a frefh, how defi- 
 rous I am to fee the Duke of Savoy af- 
 fifted with the Fleet, and a Detachment 
 of the Troops : That a Prince may be 
 favedfrom the laft Extremity and Ruin, 
 who with fo much Steadinefs and Glory 
 Sacrifices himfelf for the Publick, and 
 whofe Deftru&ion would be fo fatal to 
 the Common Caufe, and particularly to 
 my Interefts in Italy. 
 
 It is almoft apparent in the prefent 
 Circumftances, that the Troops of the 
 Enemy remaining in Spain, are incapa- 
 ble of preventing me the PoiTeflion of 
 
 my
 
 1 08 The E. of Peterborowv 
 
 my Capital, and in Confequence the 
 whole Continent of Spain. 
 
 Therefore my Lord I am extreamly 
 defirous, while you expecl: the Fleet 
 coming under the Command of Admi- 
 ral Shovel (who perhaps may be aftu- 
 ally arriv'dj that you take the necetfary 
 Meafures upon the arrival of the Fleet 
 to ernbark ajl the Troops with the ut- 
 moft difpatch, which near the Sea-fide 
 were emplop'd in the Expeditions on 
 AlicAnt and Cartbagexa, that they may 
 bemadeufeof for the Succours f -the 
 Duke of Savoy, referving what Admi- 
 ral Shovel may bring for the Services 
 inSpaiff. 
 
 Or in cafe that the faid Succpurs are 
 not necerfary, to make the Attempts 
 upon the Iflarids of M*jork and Minor k: 
 Which Service, after that of Savoj, 
 would be moft acceptable to me, and 
 moft ufeful to the Common Caufe, and 
 moft advantageous to my particular Af- 
 fairs; where having left Garrifons nece- 
 ifary for their defence, you might con- 
 duo: the reft of the Troops to Barcelona, 
 
 CHARLES. 
 
 jwr A. Furly.
 
 Condufi in Spain. 109 
 
 His Lordfhip , who perhaps 
 had as good Intelligence as ever 
 any General had in any Coun- 
 try, believ'd his Majefty mifin* 
 form'd of the true ftate of affairs ; 
 and concluding nothing fo necef- 
 fary in our prefent circumftan- 
 ces as to prevent, if poffible, the 
 return of the French into Spain^ 
 and to fecure the Country round 
 Madrid, defir'd to be excus'd 
 ftom complying with his Maje- 
 fty's directions, and continued on 
 his march thro' Caftile. So far 
 was his Lordfliip from (hewing 
 any unwillingnefs to carry his 
 Troops thither, or refufing to 
 advance when he had orders for 
 it, as fome wouM infinuate; 
 That when he did march, twas 
 contrary to the King of Spain's 
 detnes, who urg'd him immedi- 
 ately to purfue the orders he had 
 
 re- 

 
 1 1 o The E. 0/PeterborowV 
 
 received from the Queen, and 
 embarque the Succours for Italy. 
 And indeed his Majefty was 
 quickly convinc'd, that his Lord- 
 fhip had judg'd right : for in- 
 ftead of being able to go on 
 triumphantly from Saragofa to 
 Madrid, his Majefty faw a ne- 
 ceflity now of writing preffingly 
 to my Lord, to come up to him 
 with all the difpatch imaginable, 
 to fecure his march to the Ar- 
 my at Guadalajara. This his 
 Lordfhip immediately complied 
 with, join'd his Majefty near 
 faftrana ; and had at laft the ho- 
 nour of conducing him to the 
 Confederate Forces : and this 
 within a fortnight after he had 
 received the advices mention'd 
 above, that his Majefty had no 
 further occaiion for the prefence 
 of him, or his Troops. 
 
 By
 
 Conduft in Spain. 1 1 1 
 
 By this time I doubt not,but the 
 Reader is thoroughly convinced, 
 how falfe the matter of Fat is in 
 relation to his Lordfhip's delay ing 
 his march : perhaps he may be 
 ftill better iatisfy'd, if, befides 
 this, he finds the reafons alledg'd 
 for that afperfion altogether 
 groundlefs. His Lordfhip's Spi- 
 rit, they fay, wou'd not fubmit to 
 the command of another Gene- 
 ral, or fo much as acl: in con- 
 junction with him. Some may 
 think it no improper anfwer to 
 this, if it be reply 'd, that my 
 Lord GaUway did actually offer 
 to the Earl of feterlarow the 
 command of the Englifi Forces, 
 as having had a Prior Commif- 
 fion as General to the Weft 
 Indies. However , to prevent 
 any poffibility of difpute with 
 
 either 

 
 1 1 i The E. of Pet^rborow^ 
 
 either the Lord Gattway or the 
 Tortuguefe General , his Lord- 
 (hip propos'd how a partition 
 of the Command might be 
 made, fo as to fatisfie all Par* 
 ries*
 
 Conduct in Spain. 
 
 A Propofal to the King of 
 
 op3.in. 
 
 Augufi fk 8th, 1705. in the Camp 
 arGuadalaxara. 
 
 _ 
 
 
 c T n 
 O 1 K, 
 
 WITH all Submiffion I take the 
 liberty to reprefent to your Ma- 
 jefty, 7 the Difficulties which may arife 
 upon the prefent Circumftances ; and I 
 offer all the Expedients poflible to ferve 
 youfMajefty with the Character I hold, 
 without expofing my felf perhaps to be 
 found fault With, by the Queen or the 
 English Nation. 
 
 But, Sir, above all things I am re- 
 folved to make no Difficulties, which 
 may any ways bring Prejudice to the 
 Service, or give the leaft uneafinefs 
 to the Portugueje or their Generals ; 
 and I will take care to propofe no- 
 thing, that can give them the leaft Scru- 
 ple. 
 
 The Treaty with the Portuguefe in- 
 
 fers, that the Troops, furniflied oy the 
 
 I Queen
 
 1 14 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 Queen and the States, fhould be com- 
 manded in Portugal by a General of the 
 Country. Supposing this in the moft 
 favourable Sence, it can extend only to 
 the Troops upon that Eftablifhment; 
 my Troops are independent, and are 
 appointed by Parliament to particular 
 Services, and the Queen has done me 
 the Honour to choofe me for her Ge- 
 neral. % 
 
 YourMajefty has done me the great 
 Honour to truft me hitherto with the 
 Command of your Troops: though in 
 thefe Circumftances I will pretend no 
 Command over the Portuguefe Generals, 
 yet on the other fide I can receive no 
 Orders, but from your Majefty. Our 
 Englifh Troops are upon two Efta- 
 blifhments, which with the Portuguefe 
 and Dutch i make up our Army. The 
 Partition between the Count deNoyelles, 
 and my Lord Gallwajt, and My felf, will 
 be equal ; the Count de Noyelles ta- 
 king all the Dutch Troops into his 
 Care , your Majefty giving me the 
 Spani/b Regiments , my Lott will be 
 near equal. We fhall thus have our par- 
 ticular Charge, and may concur in 
 every thing to your Service. Your 
 
 Ma-
 
 Condutt in Spain. 115 
 
 Majefty may give the Word tor all 
 Four at once for Forms fake, and af- 
 terwards to thofe that are prefent, 
 and every thing may be adjufted to 
 fhun any Diftinfiion, &c. 
 
 . 
 
 per A. Furly. 
 f. s 
 
 . 
 
 
 . 
 
 \ 
 
 \ * And 
 
 . 
 
 I 
 
 I : 

 
 1 1 6 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 And in cafe this propofal ftiou'd 
 not be thought proper, his Lord- 
 fliip offer'd, if there was any occa- 
 fion, to ferve as Vduvtiier : and 
 fure a greater inftance of refigna- 
 tion cou'd not be expe&ed from 
 one,that then bore the chara&er of 
 General and Admiral, and had 
 credentials for being Embaffa- 
 dor. So far was his Lordftiip 
 from any refentment or emulation 
 in regard to the command of the 
 Forces, or carrying the King 
 himfelf to Madrid ; That pro- 
 vided his Majefty wou'd have 
 gone thither , he would have 
 been content with any other fer- 
 vic'e, or indeed to have been out 
 of all. And tho' the honour of 
 conducting the King to his Ca- 
 pital feem'd a fort of a Right be- 
 longing to his Lordftiip, and 
 \^hich one wou'd think a Gene- 
 ral wou'd not eafily refign, yet 
 
 his
 
 Condutt in Spain. 1 1 7 
 
 his Lord (hip, long before this, 
 gave a remarkable inftance, that 
 he could fubmit any private, am* 
 bition to the publick good ; and 
 that he cou'd not only brook, but 
 even contrive, that another Ge- 
 neral (hou'd enjoy that Glory, 
 which his own labours and rev- 
 vices in a manner entitled him 
 to. That fuch a method was 
 propos'd, even before the French 
 befieg'd Barcelona, and that it 
 was not perhaps ill proje&ed, may 
 be feen by the following Letter. 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 I 
 
 r- i , , 
 
 
 
 I? 4
 
 1 1 g The E. <?/Peterborowv 
 
 A txftter of the Earl of Peter- 
 borow to the King of Spain 
 fr,w& Valencia. March 1 j, 
 ' 
 
 I Cannot help offering to your Ma - 
 jeftjr an advkp, which will appear 
 extraordinary. I find many that wou'd 
 propofe ways to Iqfe ^11 in our prcfent 
 circumftanees, which is to march part 
 of our Troops towards Cttttoti*. I 
 confefs, Sir, I wou'd have your ,Ma- 
 jefty in the prcfent conjuncture take a 
 refolution as extraordinary , as that 
 which brought you before Barcelona. 
 
 I would not have your Majefty go to 
 Lisbon ; but embark in fome clean Ships 
 I have prepar'd for that purpofe, fome 
 careen'd at Argiers and in other places, 
 and with a fair Wind endeavour to 
 gain the firft Land in-P0rftg/, putting 
 your felf at the head of the 25000 
 which are in a good condition, on the 
 borders of Portugal. The Enemy have 
 but 5000 Men on that fide of 6/4MJ in 
 Arms ; affairs well chang'd in our fa- 
 
 vour
 
 Condufi in Spain. ,\ 119 
 
 vour, I doubt not but your Maje- 
 fty wou'd icon arrive at Madrid. 
 
 Sir, at firft this has an extraordinary 
 appearance : but the Voyage from Dt- 
 ma to that part of Portugal, m.ay be 
 perform'd in a Week without hazard , 
 no VefTels of France being upon this 
 Coaft. I fee nothing fo great, fo fecure 
 for your Majefty. But,Sir,the utmoft Se- 
 crecy is neceiTary ; and I wou'd have no 
 body trufted but the Portugueje Emba 
 fador, whofe Vanity wou'd perhaps be 
 touch'd, to fee the finifhing Stroke from 
 his own Country. If your Majefty wou'd 
 leave the Prince of Heffe Vice-Roy 
 of Catalonia, with Orders to follow my 
 Advice in what concerns the War, and 
 the Council of the Count de Save/la, 
 and fome others properly ehofen in Bu- 
 finefs, I wou'd undertake to maintain 
 Catalonia and Valencia, and perhaps open 
 the way to Madrid. This, Sir, per- 
 haps were the fineft Stroke in. Politicks 
 that any Age has produc'd, and the leail 
 expefted ; and which might even give 
 the quickeft relief to Catalonia, which 
 wou'd not be fo vigoroufly attack'd, if 
 your Majefty were in Perfon elfewhere. 
 . 
 
 14 We 
 
 .
 
 i ao The E. of Peterborowv 
 
 We now find the Earl of Pe- 
 terlorow near Madrid, aud join'd 
 to the Tortuguefe Army, as foon 
 as he cou'd break through the im- 
 pediments, which obftrutedhis 
 march, with any pretence or fafe- 
 ty : and what cou'd bring him 
 thither but his own inclination 
 and judgment, lince he was fo 
 well furniflfd with excufes, that 
 would have juftify'd his not com- 
 ing at all ? His Lordfhip expeft- 
 ed to have met a flourifhing Ar- 
 my, ready to carry the King in 
 triumph to Madrid: not que- 
 ftioning but in thofe 40 days, 
 wherein his Lordfhip not only 
 made preparations to march into 
 Caftile^ but took Cartbagena, Cuen* 
 ca, Alicant) and Rfquena (places 
 of great ftrength,and confequence) 
 that the Fyrluguefe Generals haq 
 with like caution and activity 
 urM the Country round Ma- 
 drid,
 
 Condutt in Spain. 1 1 1 
 
 drid. His Lordship being con- 
 fident , that had he had thofe 
 opportunities in his hands, he 
 wou'd ibon have driven the Duke 
 of Berwick beyond the Elro: 
 or at leatt cou'd never have been 
 fo deftitute of information, as to 
 have fuffer'd an Army of twen- 
 ty thoufand men to come with- 
 in two hours march of him, 
 without the lead intelligence of 
 their approach, or to have given 
 them the opportunity of re- 
 taking Madrid without a blow. 
 
 Yet this was the State in which 
 affairs were, at his Lordfhip's 
 arrival in the Tortugueje Camp; 
 and he found the Confederate 
 Army, not prepared (as he had 
 hop'd) for a glorious entrance in- 
 to Madrid^ but retreating before 
 the Enemy: and every body did 
 that juftice to my Lord Tyraivly, 
 as to own 'twas in a great mea- 
 
 lure
 
 i s i The E. of Peterborow V 
 
 fure owing to his Conduit, That, 
 upon fuch a furprize, they were 
 capable of making any retreat. 
 
 To recover the difgrace of this 
 almoft fatal milcarriage, the ge- 
 neral opinion inclin'd to fight- 
 ing : the Earl of Peter&orow too 
 well knew the confequences 
 of a loit Battle, and the great 
 advantages that wou'd accrue to 
 the publick by a&ing < Defenfively, 
 ?nd therefore oppos'd this mo- 
 tion , our circumftances being 
 then the moft improper for ha- 
 zarding the whole of what we 
 had in Spain. Yet at the fame time 
 his Lordship made an oifer to at- 
 tempt, with 5000 men,the recove- 
 ry of Madrid ; and the methods 
 he defign'd to take were allow'd 
 fo likely to fucceed, that it was 
 approv'd more than once by the 
 King and all the Generals. But 
 now consultations were tedious, 
 
 and
 
 Condufi in Spain. 1 1 3 
 
 and executions flow : fo that after 
 two or rhree days debate, the 
 defign was laid afide meerly for 
 want of Bread ; there being as 
 little preparations made for lay- 
 ing here, as there had been for 
 purfuing the Duke of Berwick. 
 
 His Lordfhip, after a few days 
 continuance here, where fo little 
 was to be done, reiblv'd imme- 
 diately to put in Execution the 
 Queen's orders, that command- 
 ed him to Italy. Upon his Lord- 
 ftiip's leaving Guadalaxara, 'twas 
 reported here in England) that he 
 had quitted the Army in dif* 
 content and upon his own head, 
 rather defigning a Voyage of 
 pleafure to Italy, than going thi- 
 ther either upon any bufinefs, or 
 by any orders. But fo falfe and 
 frivolous were thefe imputations, 
 that he had the Queen's pofitive 
 commands for going ; and not 
 
 only
 
 i^4 The E. of PeterborowV 
 only the confent, but even th e 
 molt preffing follicitation of the 
 King himfelf, of his Minfters as 
 well as the Queens, and of all 
 the Generals at Guadalaxara. The 
 plaineft and beft anfwer to this 
 accufation againft his Lordfliipj, 
 may, I think, be taken from the 
 following papers. 
 
 ,- 
 
 JiJK 
 ' 
 
 . i, 

 
 Condutt in Spain. 
 
 Tart of the Inflr unions to t 
 0/Peterborow 5 ^6Vr Cloudef> 
 ly Shovel, dated \th of May, 
 1705. 
 
 HAving given You, the Earl of Peter- 
 boroiv y a Liberty to ferve on board 
 our Fleet, or on Shore, by Virtue of 
 the Commiffions and Inftruftions to 
 you given, as in yduf Judgment you 
 fhall think moft convenient for the Pub- 
 lick Service; and confidering that, with- 
 out our fpecial Licence exprefs'd , it 
 might not be proper for you to be ab- 
 fent from either of thofe Commands, 
 where with you are entrufted ; yet for 
 as much as many Occafions may offer, 
 wherein you may be of Service to us in 
 Negotiations of Importance, apart from 
 the aforemention'd Commands, we 
 think it therefore expedient upon fuch 
 Occafions, to allow you the Liberty to 
 leave the Fleet under the Command of 
 Sir Cloudejly Shovel^ and to embark, as 
 Occafionfhall require, on fome clean 
 Ship for the greater difpatch, towards 
 the more fpeedy fetling and adjufting 
 thofe Services, to which our Inftrucl:i- 
 ons refer, 
 
 Pan 

 
 i a 6 The E. 0/Peterborow V 
 
 Tart of the Inftruflions to the Earl 
 of Peterborow dated %d May, 
 
 YOU fhall upon all Occafions, upon 
 any Conferences, or Confulta- 
 tions with any Princes, or States, in 
 Confederacy with us, with any of their 
 Minifters or Commanding Officers, en- 
 deavour to procure in Writing, what 
 they propofe, and require on our part, 
 what they offer on theirs for carrying 
 on any defigns againft the common 
 Enemies.
 
 Cwdufl in Spain. 127 
 
 to the Earl of Peterbo 
 row and Sir John Leake, dated 
 June i ith, 1706 
 
 WHereas by our Inftrudions of the 
 2d of Afril, and the i4th of 
 May laft, we have directed you to fend 
 three or more of our Regiments to the 
 afliftance of the Duke of Savoy, in Cafe 
 Turin fhould be befieg'd ; and for put- 
 ting that Service in Execution, you were 
 inftru&ed to concert with the King of 
 Spain ; fince which we have received ad- 
 vices that Turin is actually befieg'd. We 
 have thought fit hereby to require you 
 in our Name to prefs the King of Spain 
 toconfent to the putting thofe Inftrufti- 
 ons forthwith in Execution, and if it be 
 poflible to fend five of our Regiments 
 to the Duke of S*voj 9 in Cafe you fhall 
 be certainly advifed that the Siege of 
 Turin is carry ing on: The relieving of 
 that Prince being of fo great Importance 
 to the King of Spain himfelf, as well as 
 the whole Confederacy, as not to be neg- 
 lected ; fince the Confequence of his be- 
 ing reduced will neceflarily be the put- 
 
 ing
 
 1 28 The E. of Peterbarow r x 
 
 ing an end to the War in Italy, and leav- 
 ing the French Forces in that Country 
 to be employ'd in Spain or elfewhere. 
 And to induce the King of Spain the ra- 
 ther to concur in this Service, you are 
 to reprefent to him that fo long as the 
 French Troops are employ 'd in the Siege 
 of Turin, he wil] have the lefs Occafion 
 for our Tjoops in Spain, and efpecially 
 fince we have already taken Meafures for 
 fending our Forces now in Portugal to 
 the King of Spain's afliftance, in Cafe 
 ihePortuguefe fhould, contrary to our 
 expectation, make further Difficulties 
 in Marching forward to Madrid. And 
 that in Cafe they are going on^ you are 
 to obferve to the King of Spain he will 
 then have lefs reafon to detain in Spain, 
 the Troops we propofe for the Duke of 
 Savofs Afliftance. And you are to un- 
 derftand this Inftrution, as what we 
 extreamly defire to be put in Execu- 
 tion, leaving it to your Care and Pru- 
 dence to proceed therein fo far as is pra- 
 cticable, confidering the prefent pofture 
 of the Affairs of us and our Allies in 
 Spain : of which you can better judge,- 
 being on the place, than 'tis poflible for 
 us to direct pofitively at this diftance^ 
 
 And
 
 Condutt in Spain, 129 
 
 And whereas you have an Inftrufti- 
 on from ourDeareft Confort,the Prince, 
 to mak6 a Detatchment of our Fleet,and 
 to repair therewith to Naples : In Cafe 
 it fhafl be agreed to fend afliftance to 
 the Duke of Savoy upon his being be- 
 fieg'd in Turin, you are to take fuch our 
 Troops with you for his Afliftance, and 
 land them at Oneglia or fuch other place, 
 as the Duke of Savoy and you lhall agree 
 upon, and afterwards you are to proceed 
 with our Ships to Naples, according to 
 thefe Inftrudions. And in Cafe it fhall 
 not be found practicable to comply with 
 both thefe Services, that is, to aififtthe 
 Duke of Savoy, and to go with a Squa- 
 dron to Naples : It is our Pleafure that 
 you perform the Service for the Duke of 
 Savoy preferible to that of going to 
 Naples : We being very defirous of ta- 
 king all occafions of ufing our utmoft 
 Endeavours to fupport fo good an Ally, 
 tho' we are very earneft that both thefe 
 Services fhould be comply'd with* And 
 we do not doubt but the King of Sfaw 
 will fend fuch Powers and Directions 
 for the Government of Naples, as are 
 requifite in Cafe of your fucceeding 
 there. 
 
 K In-
 
 130 The E. of Peterborow'y 
 
 -.;.,;;. j-il ric o/j?ii rjo^^ v/ ;. 
 
 Inftruftions to tfo Earl of 
 Peterborow and Sir John 
 Leake, dated ]\mz ipth, 
 
 WHereas by our Inftru&ions of the 
 2d of Jf/r//, and the i4th of 
 May laft, we have direfted you to fend 
 three or more of our Regiments to the 
 afliftanceof the Duke of Savoy, in Cafe 
 Turin fhould be befieg'd , Copies of 
 which Inftru&ions are herewith fent 
 you, and by our further Inftruftions of 
 the i 2th of this Inftant June, we have 
 order'd three of our Regiments to be 
 fent to the fuccouring the Duke of *- 
 voy, in Cafe the Siege of Turin is carried 
 on, of which you have herewith alfo a 
 Copy ; fince which time we have receiv'd 
 Advices from the Duke of Savoy, and 
 from our Minifter refiding at his Court, 
 that the Siege of Turin is pulht on with 
 the utmoft Vigour, and that there is 
 an indifpenfible Neceffity to relieve that 
 Prince, if it be poflible: We do hereby 
 
 re-
 
 Cvndutt in Spain. 131 
 
 require you, upon the receipt hereof, 
 to fend at leaft three of our Regiments 
 to his Afliftance, as far as it may be 
 found practicable. And as we have 
 reafon to hope that the King of Spain's 
 Affairs are in fo good a Condition, that 
 the fending three Regiments of our 
 Troops can be no Prejudice to him, you 
 are to prefs him to Confent to fo many 
 more, as can conveniently be fpared. 
 And as you are hereby directed to fend 
 three Regiments at leaft of our Troops 
 to the Duke of Savoys Afftftance, We 
 do not doubt but you will find the Offi- 
 cers of the States General ready to con- 
 cur with you, in fending a proportio'n- 
 able number of their own Troops, in 
 Conjunction with the faid three or more 
 of our Regiments^ purfuant to the Or- 
 ders they will receive from the States 
 by thisPacquet; and you are to proceed 
 therein as fnall be judged moft advan- 
 tageous for the Service by a Council of 
 War, and to Land them at Oneglia, or 
 fuch other place as ihall be judged pro- 
 per, as you are directed to do in our for- 
 mer Inftruftions. 
 
 And though you (hall receive intelli- 
 gence that Turin is taken, you are ne- 
 ve rthelefs to proceed in fending the 
 K 2 Duke
 
 1 3 a The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 Duke of Savcy the fa id Succours of 
 three or more of our Regiments, with 
 a proportionable number of Troops of 
 the States General, for his Support, in 
 Cafe he fhall be retir'd to Quteraf, or Co- 
 /, and lhall ftill ftand upon his De- 
 fence. 
 
 per A. Furly. 
 
 :\s.i lufic'"' .-"i ' '. v 'is! i v 
 i;^ ACjOCn i T ---ua 
 y. , , -10 jv.!!ii ? :-Jij ii: 
 
 Lai: ''^iLr-'.BHlkilvi* 
 
 -o-:q b5bu{ ^v ; 
 
 -ic'ruio rii etc. L-i.^":ib JJFOL?Y^ I f 1 ^ 
 
 ', '\ ',..,$- f, T ,A 
 
 li^tii UUttf'i.VroOU3 ui*^ 
 
 fiuzife 'tiuWhtot 
 s. A
 
 Conduft in Spain. I 3 3 
 
 A Letter from Sir Charles Hedges, Secre- 
 fary of State, to the Earl of Peter borow. 
 
 Wfew&tfl, June 191*, 1705, 
 Mj Lord, 
 
 A Courier being arriv'd from the 
 Duke of Savoy with Letters of 
 the ijth Inftant, N. S. giving an ac- 
 count of his being very hard preft in his 
 Capital of Turin, by the French Army 
 under the Duke de la Feuillade, and re- 
 duced to the greateft Extremities ; and 
 her Majefty being defirous of doing all 
 in her Power for the fupport of fo good 
 an Allie, and judging it an abfolute ne- 
 ceflity in order thereunto, that a Rein- 
 forcement be immediately fent him,from 
 theArmy under your Command .- She has 
 thought fit by her Inftru&ion dated this 
 Day to your Excellency and Sir John Lake 
 (which as the mod certain conveyance 
 is fent to Sir John Lake) to require you 
 upon the Receipt thereof, to fend at 
 leaft three of Her Regiments to that 
 Dukes afliftance, as far as it fhall be 
 practicable. The States General are fo 
 fo fully convinced of the Neceflity and 
 Importance of this Service, that they 
 have difpatch'd their Orders, which are 
 fent herewith to their General and Ad- 
 K ? miraj
 
 1 34 The E. 0/Peterborowj 
 
 miral, and there is nq doubt but they 
 will concur with your Excellency, in 
 fending to that Prince, a proportionable 
 number of their own Forces. 
 
 There is reafon to believe, that even 
 the lofs of Turin will not induce the 
 Duke of Savoy to defert the Common 
 Caufe,but that he will retire firft to Qui- 
 eras, and afterwards, in Cafe he (hall be 
 pufht, to Coni ;and there do what he can 
 to keep up the Diverfion he has hither- 
 to with fo much Conftancy and Refolu- 
 tion given to the Enemy : in which 
 Cafe as your Excellency will fee in the 
 Inftruftions, you are to fuccour him, 
 provided he be ftill upon his Defence. 
 
 His Royal Highnefs is fo fenfible of 
 your Excellencies great Courage and 
 Conduct, and thefuccels that ftill ac- 
 companies your Perfon, wherever you 
 go, whereby you have more than once 
 reftor'd our Affairs, when under Intri- 
 cate Difficulties, that he hasdefir'd you 
 might your felf bring the Succours to 
 him: to which herMajefty has given her 
 Confent, but leaves it wholly to your 
 Excellency, to go thither or not, as you 
 (hall judge it moft fuitable to her Maje- 
 fty's Service, and your own Convenien- 
 cy. Jam, &c. 
 
 C. Hedges,
 
 Condufi in Spain. 1 3 5 
 
 At the firft orders of thq i ath 
 of June from the Queen, to fol- 
 licit Succours for the Duke of 
 Savoy, by their being fo entire^ 
 ly approved and enforc'd by the 
 King of Sfain, ("as is before ob- 
 ierv'd) fhew that neither his 
 Lordship's Troops nor Perfon 
 were thonght neceflfary at Ma- 
 drid : So the orders repeated a* 
 gain and enlarged upon the i gth 
 of June, and accompany 'd with the 
 moft earneft recommendations 
 from the Secretary of State, were 
 lure fufficient motives for his 
 Lordship's Voyage : a fervice Ib 
 much cenfur'd at home , and fo 
 highly valu'd abroad.HisLordship 
 inltead of wanting any Apology 
 for thefe proceedings, has, as the 
 Reader fees , fuch Authorities 
 for every ftep he made; that 
 were he now to draw up new In* 
 ftrudtions on purpofe, and adapt 
 K 4. them
 
 1 3 6 The E. of Peterboro w'*r 
 
 them to juftifie what he had 
 done, he wou'd not defire them 
 to be in oiie tittle different from 
 the Inftrurnents juft now pro* 
 duc'd, Theie orders were com- 
 municated to the King : and the 
 approbation of all the Generals 
 ar/d Minifters fo fully exprefs'd 
 in the Council of War here an* 
 nex'd, give occafion of Aftoniih* 
 rnent to People abroad, how, or 
 by whom fuch objections againft 
 his Lordfhip cou'd be rais'd.
 
 Condufl. in Spain. I 27 
 
 '. T^ * : ' . i J ' 
 
 
 
 the Palace of Guadalax- 
 ara ffo 9^ 0/ Auguft, 
 
 1706. 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 XH E Earl of Peterborow having 
 communicated to the Council 
 4 >fitive Orders, which he had re- 
 ceived from the Queen his Miftrefs, to 
 attend the Fleet with fome Troops to 
 Italy, and offering at the fame time 
 to contribute, of his part , all that 
 could moft conduce to the benefit of 
 the Common Caafe, and defiring that 
 every body fhould explain his Opi- 
 nion in a Cafe of fuch Importance, they 
 executed it accordingly, all of them gi- 
 ving the Intimations which they 
 thought moft proper : and the Opini- 
 ons were generally alike the fame, in 
 agreeing, 
 
 That my Lord fhould go with the 
 Fleet to Italy ; procuring that the Ad- 
 mirals fhould leave a competent num- 
 ber of Ships on the Coafl of Andalttfa^ 
 to hinder, by that diverfion, the Ene- 
 
 mies
 
 138 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 mies Troops, defigned for the defence 
 of Cadiz, and other Frontier Places, 
 from joyning with the Duke of A- 
 jou's Army, to the very great prejudice 
 of the Common Caufe. 
 
 That, my Lord Peterborow, having 
 put in Execution the Queens Commands 
 in Italy, fhould without delay, return 
 with the Fleet, and attempt the taking 
 of Port Mahon, judging this Conqueft 
 of the very higheft Importance, in the 
 prefent pofture of Affairs ; the Coafts 
 of Catalonia and Valencia remaining 
 ever exposM to the Invafion of the Ene- 
 my, unlefs protected by the Neighbour- 
 hood of the Fleet. For which end, it 
 is indifpenfible, that the Fleet be or- 
 dered to continue during the Winter 
 in the faid Port, and that the necefTa- 
 ry Inftances be repeated to the Queen 
 of England, that She would pleafe to 
 Command, that Her Fleet have fuch 
 Orders for the enfuing Winter, with- 
 out which, the confervation of Catalo- 
 nia and Valencia, muft be defpairedof. 
 
 The Earl of Peterborow Charges him- 
 felf with the Care of fending light 
 Frigats to Lisbon, to tranfport the Mo- 
 ny which might have been provided in 
 that Court for the Pay of the Army, as 
 
 well
 
 Conduttin Spain. 139 
 
 well as to bring the Intelligences, that 
 may be Important to the Succefs of the 
 prefent Engagements. 
 
 PRESENT 
 
 Marquefs das Minas. 
 
 Lord Gall way. 
 
 Ewbaffador of Portugal. 
 
 Count Noyailles. 
 
 Her M*jejlfs Envoy, Mr. Stanhope. 
 
 Prince Antonii de Lichtenftein. 
 
 per A. Furfy. 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 Be.
 
 1 40 The E. of Peterboro wv 
 
 Befides thete Powers to autho- 
 rize his leaving Sfain^ his Lord- 
 fhip had withal very ftrong and 
 prevailing reafons from the po- 
 Iture of affairs there. For very 
 iniferable was the prefent condi- 
 tion of our Army, for want of 
 mony; and the profpeft ftill worfe, 
 unlefs effectual means were us'd 
 for a fpcedy fupply. In this ne- 
 ceffity the Minifters and Gene- 
 rals earneftly recommended the 
 affair of mony 't6\ his Lordship^ 
 the Marquefs da* Minos and the 
 Portuguefe Embaflador gave him 
 Bills to tranfadt for them at Genoa : 
 and the King, to ihew both his 
 want of mony and his confidence 
 in my Lord, gave his Lordship 
 power, rather than he Ihou'd fail 
 in his Negotiation, to morgage 
 any part of his Dominions. 
 
 CH4RLES,
 
 Condutt in Spain. 141 
 
 - 
 
 CHARLES, By the Grace of God 
 King of Spaiv, &c. Whereas the 
 Earl of Peterbororv y General of the 
 Troops of the moft Serene Lady the 
 Queen of England our Sifter, and Com- 
 mander in chief of our Forces, is or- 
 der'd to go with the Fleet of the Allies 
 to the Coafts of Italy, to advance the 
 Common Caufe, to the great Benefit of 
 our Subjects and of the Princes of Eu- 
 rope ; having by our affiduous applica- 
 tion and the afliftance of our Allies, de- 
 liver'd our Subjects of the Crown of 
 Aw Agon from the French Yoke, as ap- 
 pears by the great and profperous Sue- 
 cefles which we have obtained in thofe 
 parts by the Divine Affiftance : Finding 
 our felves at prefent at the Head of the 
 Army in Cajlile, to put an end to our 
 )uft Undertakings, and ftanding in need 
 of proportionable means for the more 
 certain accomplilhment of that great 
 Work, which by the late extraordinary 
 Expences we are at prefent deftitute of : 
 Having therefore reflected upon the good 
 Correfpondence, which theRepublick 
 of Genoa, has always held with our Au- 
 guftHpufe, which leads us topromife 
 
 oujr
 
 1 4 1 The E. 0/Peterbord w V ' 
 
 our felves the continuation of the fame 
 at fo important a Junfture for the quiet 
 and Peace of 'Europe; and the great con-, 
 fidence, which we ought to have, in the 
 known %?al, Atfivity^ and proved Experi- 
 ence of the Earl of Peterborow in our Ser- 
 vice : We have refolv'd to give him, be- 
 fides the Military Powers and Autho- 
 rity, which we have inverted him with, 
 Commiflion, Power and Authority, 
 as we do by thefe Prefents, to Solicite, 
 Treat and Concert in our Royal Name 
 with the faid Republick, and its Inhabi- 
 tants in Common or in Particular, a Loan 
 of i ooooo Piftols,or any greater or fmall- 
 er Sums, at fuch Interefts and upon fuch 
 Conditions, as (hall to the faid Earl feem 
 proper ; with exprefs and ample Power, 
 not only to Sign the Obligations, Wri- 
 tings, and the Neceffary Cautions in 
 our Royal Name for the Security of 
 the Sum which (hall be lent, 
 but alfo to grant and give fuch Afllgn- 
 ments as (hall feem convenient to,t{ie 
 Perfons concerned , upon our Ilqyai 
 Rents and Patrimonies of our King- 
 doms and Dominions, or of any of them. 
 Wherefore, we grant unto the faid Earl 
 of Peterborow, the proper Powers and 
 Authority to execute the fame, as 
 
 largely
 
 Condufl in Spain* 143 
 
 largely and amply as above exprefs'd, 
 and as if the faid Obligations, Align- 
 ments, and other Writs thereunto De- 
 longing, were Granted and Signed by 
 us. In Teftimony whereof, we order 
 thefe Prefents to be palled with our 
 Royal Firm, and fealed with our Royal 
 Seal. 
 
 Given at Guadalaxara, 10 Au- 
 g u l > J 7o 
 
 INKING. 
 
 ' 
 
 . : 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 m 
 
 

 
 i 44 The E. of Peterborow^ 
 
 ! ! bit! aril : ~, baa 
 tbe' : fy 
 
 USing the, ComipijIiqn,?L^d Power, 
 whicH we haye^granted unto you 
 by particular Letters Tltents, we pro- 
 mifeoucfelves from your great Conduct > 
 effectually to 6btain the Loan of 100,000 
 Piiloles from the Republick of Genoa and 
 its Inhabitants, ufmg fuch Meafuresas 
 you fhall think moft proper and efficaci- 
 ous to fucceed in fo important a Bufinefs, 
 leaving to your dire&ions, the way and 
 time you (hall think moil convenient to 
 fend us the whole, or part of thefaid 
 Monies ; being convinced you are fuffi- 
 ciently perfuaded how much it imports 
 to the welfare of the Publick, parti- 
 cularly to apply your feif for feeking 
 fupport and remedies to the prefent ur- 
 gent Neceflities. 
 
 What
 
 r .K ConduB in Spain. 145 
 
 What ftill further confirm'd 
 his Lordship in this reiblution 
 of going to /ta/y, was, that he 
 found at this juncture no ocea- 
 iion for his pretence in Spain. 
 For the Campagne was now 
 confeffedly at an end, and our 
 Generals proposed nothing elfe 
 but to go into Quarters in Ca- 
 ftile , and maintain themfelves 
 there, till the Seafon would give 
 them leave to retake the Field. 
 I muft obferve here by the by, 
 that -his L&rdship was miftaken 
 in thinking the Forces wou'd 
 fupport themfelves in Caftile ; 
 but that this was the defign 
 concerted, when he left them, 
 appears by the loud remonftran- 
 ces of all the Spaniards againft the 
 retreat into Valencia : and how 
 much poflefs'd the King and all 
 his Officers were with this opi- 
 nion of keeping their ground 
 L in 

 
 146 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 in Cajlile^ the Count NoyaiUes 
 has in the fulleft and moft fenfi- 
 ble manner explain'd, in a Let- 
 ter he wrote to my Lord feter^ 
 lor oip, while they were retreat- 
 ing. 
 
 bB 3& Mtfak&bttnrt. 
 
 LL-l^ T' IVtlrLtrt 
 
 ,vod bns si'r^UH bJfi " 
 UB bns niii 3r!) b f cHfo 
 -iqo airb rhiw sisw ..eisofflQ. eul 
 
 "
 
 Condutt in Spain. 14. 7 
 
 A Letter of Count Noyailles 
 to the Earl of Peterbo- 
 row. 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 TjT OUR Excellency muft excufe me, 
 JL if you have not heard from me 
 fince your departure from GuadaUxZra. 
 Our Marches, which are remarkable by 
 nothing but the burning of all the 
 Towns, and the Pillage of the Pla- 
 ces thro' which we patted, would have 
 given you little fatisfaftion. With all 
 the Spaniards of my Opinion, I could 
 not prevent our March from Chincon^ 
 or retard the pafTage over the Tage, in 
 a Seafon fo little advanced, and fo pro- 
 per for Action. We were flatter'd, that 
 Winter-Quarters fhould be eftablifhed 
 in Caftile, between the Rivers Xuc.ar 
 and Gabriel, where we are now En- 
 camped ; but it is plainly feen, that we 
 (hall March into the Kingdom of Va- 
 lencia,, fo contrary to the King's Defire. 
 That Precipitate March that we made, 
 fo much refembling running away, 
 gives our Monarch infinite Chagrine 
 L 2 and 

 
 1 48 The E. of Peterborow'j- 
 
 and the laft Affliction. Our happinefs 
 is, our Enemies fhow ib little Vigour, 
 and they fora* -to content themselves 
 with following usv In my Opinion 
 there is but one refolution v< be taken 
 in this conjuncture, to remedy (if pof- 
 fible) mea fares foinconfiftent with the 
 King's Intereft, and contrary to his In- 
 tentions. What is left us to do, is to 
 poilefs Cuenca, with the Spanifh Troops : 
 perhaps this Refolution of his Majefty 
 will oblige the Generals of the Allies to 
 fupport it, at leaft it is undeniable, that 
 this motion of our Troops will mani- 
 feft to the whole World the Aims and 
 Intentions of this Prince. As I am in- 
 form'd, Cuevca, is a great City, recom- 
 mended by its fituation,the places in this 
 Country having no other Fortification. 
 The taking pofleflion of it was a confi- 
 derable Service, tho' you were oblig'd 
 to divide the few Troops you had : we 
 are now under the like Neceflity to fe- 
 cure it, this Town being one of the befl 
 in Co/lite, after Madrid. I cannot fup- 
 pofe that the Allies will fo far oppofe 
 themfelves to the King's Defires, and 
 draw upon them the whole Spanifh Na- 
 tion, as they would inevitably do, if 
 tfeey fhould expofe their Troops alone 
 
 to
 
 Condutt in Spain, 14.9 
 
 to fecure a Foil, fo important by all the 
 Rules of War. But it is hard to judge 
 of their Actions, after all we have feen 
 them do this Campaign: We hope,how- 
 ever, the Troops may retire, and have 
 time fufficient for fo doing ; fmce the 
 Enemy cannot naturally doubt, but 
 muft believe, that we fhall fuftatn this 
 Poft with the utmoft Vigour, unlefs 
 they are perfectly informed of ourDe- 
 figns. A little time will clear all our 
 doubts. 
 
 The greateft fatisfaftion that I have, 
 my Lord, is, that we have always had 
 one Opinion : and that we have fo per- 
 fectly comply'd with what the Queen 
 feem'd fo earneftly to defire,in that good 
 Intelligence which was ever between 
 us. I have endeavoured to keep up the 
 fame good Correfpondence with the 
 other Generals ; for a certain proof of 
 which you know, my Lord, I have made 
 this Campaigne, attending the King's 
 Perfon without Command or Preten- 
 (ion. I think it is hardly pofiible that 
 Modefty could go a greater length. It is 
 true,thofeCouncils of War,where I have 
 been obligM to alfift, it was often im- 
 poffible for me to be of their Opinions, 
 fo oppofite to mine and thofe of the 
 L 3 Sft-
 
 1 50 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 Spaniards, who fhould belt know their 
 own Country. 
 
 Your Fate, my Lord, is more agree- 
 able and happy than mine ; you are a 
 Witnels in Italy of nothing but good 
 Fortune, owing to good Condudt, fo 
 much wanting with us. Your prefence 
 is wifhed for here, and unlefs you bring 
 us Momy, our affairs are in fuch an ilj 
 Condition, that we muft defpair of Re- 
 medy. Nothing would be more ufeftrl 
 to the King, or more agreeable to your 
 Friends, than your coming. Do me the 
 Honour to place me in that Number, 
 and believe me with a perfect Efteem, 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 Tour Excellencies, &c. 
 
 Vi " a J" d 7 e o' 6 a C. NOYAILLBS. 
 
 ..;LJL . | /!'&.; 
 
 His
 
 Condutt in Spain. 1 5 1 
 
 His Lordfhip foon after he had 
 left Guadalaxara, receiv'd the ill 
 news, that the Enemy, the fame 
 night they recovered Madrid, 
 had likewife feiz'd all his bag- 
 gage, which he had left at Huete: 
 in which his Lordftiip loft all his 
 Mules , Horfes and Carriages, 
 with all his Equipage prepared 
 for his EmbaiTy at Madrid, to 
 the value of eight thoufand 
 Pounds. The City and the ad- 
 joy ning Villages, which indeed 
 not only might have hinder'd the 
 Souldiers from plundering it, but 
 did actually aflift them in it, of- 
 fer'd publickly ro repair his 
 Lordfhip's lols, by a payment of 
 10000 Piftoles, or any larger 
 fum that his Lordfhip wou'd de- 
 mand. This his Lordfhip woifd 
 not accept of; but knowing as 
 well the plenty of Corn there 
 was in this Country, as the ex* 
 L 4 treme
 
 1 5 2 The E. of Peterborow'j- 
 
 treme want of it in the Confe? 
 derate Army, chofe rather to 
 take this opportunity of fup- 
 plying the prefent neceffities we 
 were in for Bread ; and obliged the 
 Magiftrates of that Diftrift to 
 lay in fuch Magazines of Corneas 
 were fufficient to maintain 20000 
 men for two months. In fo 
 generous a manner did his Lord- 
 ihip provide for an Army, which 
 he had left under the command 
 of another : and fure he won't 
 be thought the worfe General 
 for this extraordinary conduct of 
 taking fo much care of the pub- 
 lick intereft, and fo little of his 
 own. 
 
 His Lordfhip upon his arrival 
 ^t \ Alicant 3 found peremptory or- 
 clers from England for a Squa- 
 dron to go to the Weft Indus: 
 fo that the defigns proposed for 
 the Fleet upon Port Mahon, in 
 
 T <' ' ^ .'*;; ' 
 
 the
 
 Condufl in Spain. 1 5 3 
 
 the Council held at Guadalajara^ 
 were intirely prevented. The 
 only thing his Lordfhip had to 
 do more, before his embarking 
 for Italy^ was to fortifie and fe- 
 cure the Country and Coaft of 
 Valencia^ againft the Infults of 
 the Bifhop of Murcia : and 
 therefore, though prefs'd by 
 the King and the Lord Gal- 
 way to fend up the Forces there 
 into Caflile , his Lordship had 
 the unanimous Opinion, not on- 
 ly of all the Gentlemen of 
 the Country, but of a Coun- 
 cil of War, that confidering the 
 ill circumftances of our affairs in 
 thofe inland parts, and the necef- 
 fity of keeping a fure footing 
 towards the Sea, it was of the 
 higheft confequence , that the 
 little number we had then in 
 Garrifon at Alicant^ ihou'd ftill 
 
 con- 

 
 1 54. The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 continue there; as well for fe- 
 curing the Kingdom of Valen* 
 cm , as preferving the commu- 
 nication with Caftile : as is more 
 fully exprefs'd in the following 
 Council of War. 
 
 At
 
 Condutt in Spain. 155 
 
 At a General Council of War, 
 'held at the General's Quar- 
 ters in Alicant, Sept. 6th^ 
 
 1706. O.S. 
 
 
 
 PRESENT 
 
 The Hon bk Brigadier Richard Gorge. ^ 
 The Hon ble Brigadier Robert Killegrew. 
 The Honfo Collonel John Pepper. 
 The Hon hle Collonel Jofeph Stopford. 
 TheHon^ CollonelThomzs Allnutt. 
 Lieutenant Collonel Archibald Hamilton. 
 Lieutenant Collonel George Whitmore, 
 Lieutenant Collonel William Steward. 
 Lieutenant CoflovelElMs Cooper. 
 Lieutenant Collonel Jodine Mead, 
 Major Charles Steward. 
 Major Salomon Rapine. 
 Major Thomas Phillips. 
 Major Theodore Collier. 
 
 Pon feveral heads propofed to us 
 _ by the Earl of Peterborow, relat- 
 ing to the Publick Services on this cri- 
 tical Occafion : We the Qfficers.com- 
 
 pofuig 
 
 u 

 
 156 The E. of Peterborow* 
 
 pofing this Council of War agree una- 
 nimoufly in the following Opinions : 
 
 That, Whereas the King to Sir 
 Job ft Lake, and the E^rlof Gallrvay to 
 the Earl of Peterborow, has fignified 
 their Defires, That the Forces .em- 
 ployed in the Siege of Meant fhould 
 forthwith March intoCaftife- Wemoft 
 folemnly declare, That we are fenfible 
 the leaft diminution of the Forces here, 
 would lofe immediately all the Coun- 
 try from AlictMt to Tortofa ; and not on- 
 ly fp, but that the Army and the King's 
 Perfon would be expofed to the utmoft 
 hazard, by the communication being 
 cut off to the Sea, the only hopes of 
 fupporting this War, or fecuring any 
 part of her Majefty's Troops : befides 
 the number here not exceeding nine 
 hundred Foot, is fo fmall,that it would 
 little en.cre.afe the force of the Army, 
 but entirely lofe all this Kingdom. Laft- 
 lj r It would be the higheft Folly to quit 
 the impregnable Caftle of Alicant, we 
 have taken, and the Troops here are 
 hardly fufficient for the Garrifon of that 
 Flace.
 
 Conduft in Spain. 157 
 
 Upon what good reafons the 
 opinion of this Council of War 
 was grounded, and how exafl:- 
 ly they forefaw what was likely 
 to happen to the Army in Ca- 
 flile, appeared but too vifible in 
 lefs than two months after* And 
 indeed if his Lordfhip had not 
 by this prudent forecaft kept 
 open the communication between 
 theSeaandCtf/J/k, whither cou'd 
 they themfelves^that delir'd thefe 
 Forces, have made their retreat? 
 or where cou'd their Army have 
 fubfifted till the Battle of Al~ 
 manfa ? 
 
 'Twas for the famereafons,that 
 his Lordfhip refolv'd not to car- 
 ry any of thefe Troops with him 
 to Italy : and that he thought it 
 more expedient to take the rein- 
 forcement defign'd for Savoy, if 
 he (hou'd find that iervice necef- 
 fary, out of the Garrifons of Ca~ 
 talonia. But,
 
 158 The E. of Peterboro w V 
 
 But, his Lordfliip having been 
 fome days at Sea, had the good 
 fortune to meet with the Mary 
 Galley, which brought him the 
 welcome news of the great Vito- 
 ry obtain'd at Turin : fo that 
 now there was no further occa- 
 lion of carrying any Forces to 
 Italy. However, the Negotia- 
 tions his Lordfliip was charg'd 
 with for mony, befides the necef- 
 fity of having his Squadron 
 clcan'd there , determin'd his 
 Lordfliip to purfue >his Voy* 
 age to Genoa. And that none 
 but his Lordfliip cou'd tran- 
 fact this great affair of the 
 mony, was as evident, as the 
 extremities we lay under for 
 the want, of it ; and this was 
 not only the fenfe of all thofe 
 that affifted in the Councils 
 at Guadalajara , but of all the 
 *i\ j lo gnoliiiuO Sfb io Ji: Offi>
 
 Condufl in Spain. 159 
 
 Officers too that his Lordfhip 
 left behind him in Valencia : 
 and the ufefulnefs, or rather 
 neceffity of his Lordfhip's going 
 in Perfon can't be more forcibly 
 represented, than 'tis in the fol- 
 lowing Council of War. 
 
 . 
 ' 
 
 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 ; pi^ 
 
 ; 
 
 i 
 
 , 

 
 1 6 o The tL. of Pe terboro W s 
 
 qrrDfviO. ; clrl toft , 
 
 At a general Council of War, 
 held at the General's Quar^ 
 
 Alters in Alicant, Sept. 6. 
 1706. 0. '. 
 
 1 :W lo IbncoD 
 PRESENT 
 
 The Hon b!e Brigadier Richard Gorge. 
 The Hon b!e Brigadier Robert Kill 
 The Hon ut W John Pepper. 
 The Hon< Colt. Jofeph Stopford. 
 The Hon ble Coll. Thomas Allnutt. 
 Lieutenant Coll. Archibald Hamilton. 
 jL*>#//w/2/ O#. G-eopge Whk-more. 
 Lieutenant ColL William Steward. 
 Lieutenant Coll. Ellis Cooper. 
 Lieutenant Coll. Jofline Mead. 
 Major Charles Steward. 
 Major Salomon Rapine. 
 Major Thomas Phillips. 
 Major Theodore Collier. 
 
 THE Earl of Peterborow having 
 laid before us 'the Commiflion 
 from the King of Spain, to treat with 
 the Geaoefes about Mony, and the Bills 
 
 of
 
 ConduB in Spain. 1 6 1 
 
 of the Marquefs das Minos for a hundred 
 thoufand Pounds to be Negotiated for 
 the ufe of his Troops,and the prefentCon- 
 dition of the Army without a farthing 
 of Mony to pay the Troops: and finding, 
 by the Murther of ib many of her Ma- 
 jefty's Officers and Soldiers in Cajtile^ 
 the ill effeds of the Rapine and Plunder 
 committed by the Army, which cannot 
 be kept in Difcipline without Pay, hav- 
 ing laid before uslikewife, that he has 
 been forced to give the King of Spaia 
 the Mony deftined for the payment of 
 the Forces upon his Eftablifhment r which 
 hitherto having liv'd under the fevered 
 Difcipline,and with the utmoft good In- 
 telligence with the People, we judge it 
 of the higher! Confequence that the 
 fame Regularity fhouid continue in the 
 Troops, and the fame good Correfpon- 
 dence with the People. 
 
 For which there being no other Ex- 
 pedient, but Mony, and no Mony to be 
 hoped for but by the Earl of Peterboronfs 
 endeavouring to obtain it at GenoA, and 
 bringing it down in clean Ships from 
 thence upon this Coali, we have been 
 forced to approve the Refolution taken 
 by the faid Earl to go in Perfon,to obvi- 
 ate if pofllble the fa tal Neceflity r having 
 M no
 
 1 6 1 The E. of Peterbor o w V 
 
 no Obje&ion, but the hazards, to which 
 we doubt his Lordfhip expofes himfelf 
 for the Publick Service. 
 
 His Lordfhip having intimated to us 
 likewife the hopes of a confiderable Bo- 
 dy of German Horfe, which may be 
 brought difmounted with their Accou- 
 trements, having already fettled fome- 
 thing of that kind with the Duke of SA- 
 voy^ which we are fenfible would be the 
 higheft Service to the King of Spa,in in 
 the prefent Cireumftance ; confidering 
 alfo that his Lordfhip has left the Army 
 upon fofitive Orders from the Queen in 
 relation to ItAly^ the Services being foon 
 to end in thefe Parts till after the Rains, 
 and there being no Troops that can be 
 fent from hence to the Army, or that 
 are of that Confequence as to require 
 the Prefenceof a General, his Lordfhip 
 having given to Brigadier Gorge all the 
 neceffary directions for the Fortifying 
 the Caftle of Alicant^ and providing it 
 with Provifions, which when in Condi- 
 tion, we hope may be defended againft 
 any Force whatfoever. For thefe Rea- 
 fons we agree of the Important Services, 
 that the Earl of Peterborow may efFecl: by 
 the Voyage to Italy : not being compe- 
 tent Judges of the hazards, to which the 
 General may be expofed to by Sea.
 
 Condufl in Spain. 163 
 
 By this it appears under what 
 neceflities they were in Valencia : 
 and that the Army, which was 
 in Caftile, labour'd under the fame 
 difficulties, and was as eager for 
 this fupply from Italy^ may be 
 feen , not only by the Gom- 
 miffion and Powers given the 
 Earl of Peterlorow at his leaving 
 Guadalaxara, but by this Letter 
 of Her Majefty's Envoy then 
 with the King of Sfain^ fent to 
 his Lordlhip, while he was in 
 Italy. 
 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 M 2 

 
 1 64. The E. of Peterborowv 
 
 of Air. Stanhope's Let* 
 dated October 11. 1706. 
 
 I Can only tell your Lordfhip in a 
 few Words, that fince you left us, 
 our affairs have gone de mal en pire. 
 Our whole Army is quarter'd in the 
 Kingdom of Valencia, except a Garri- 
 fon in Cuenca, and another in Requena, 
 the only two places we maintain in Ca- 
 ftile, and for thofe we are not without 
 apprehenfions. Our Horfe is ruin'd. 
 Your Lordlhip knows,how well ftock'd 
 with Mony you left us, and will confe- 
 quently judge how impatiently we ex- 
 pet your return. 
 
 What
 
 Condutt in Spain. 165 
 
 What other Negotiations his 
 Lordfhip carried on in Italy, for 
 I believe he was not idle in the 
 Duke of Savoy's Court, is out of 
 my way to relate : but it was 
 fome time after difcours'd abroad, 
 that a Defensive War in Spain, as 
 prefs'd by the Earl of Teterlo* 
 rww, and approv'd by the King 
 of Sfain, and the Duke of Sa- 
 voy, wou'd have procur'd us the 
 pofleffion of Toulon, and confe- 
 quently a happy end of the 
 War. 
 
 To load his Lordfihip yet fur- 
 ther upon this head of going to 
 Italy, it was the general clamour 
 here, that his Lordfliip gave an 
 extravagant intereft of 10 per 
 unt, for procuring the mony at 
 Genoa (which wou'd have amount- 
 ed to 20000 /.) whereas not a- 
 bove one thoufand was allow'd 
 by his Lordlhip above the cur- 
 M 3 rent
 
 1 6 6 The E. 0/Peterboro w >s 
 
 rent Exchange : and fuch a fum 
 obtain'd in fuch difficult circum- 
 fiances, in fo little time, and at 
 fo little Iqfs, perhaps is as ex- 
 traordinary, as any one of thofe 
 many Services he did in the Spa- 
 ni(h War. His Lordfhip having 
 fucceeded beyond expectation, 
 brought the mony fafe to Valen^ 
 art, where he found all the Con* 
 federate Forces under the fame 
 preffing wants he left them: and 
 was received with univerfal joy, 
 and all imaginable acknowledge 
 ments of his good Services. 
 
 How ferviceable this Voyage 
 was thought of, and how all the 
 views of it were anfwer'd, can't 
 be more evidently manifefted , 
 than by the univerfal applaufe 
 of the Spani/b Nation, and the 
 efteem and reipet paid his Lord- 
 (hip by all the Princes abroad : 
 
 and
 
 Condutt in Spain, 1 67 
 
 and in particular, how fenfible his 
 Catbolick Majefty was of the 
 advantages gainM by it, appears 
 fully by this Inftrument under 
 his own hand. 
 
 
 
 : . JL 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 - 
 
 . 
 
 M 4 
 
 . 
 
 l
 
 1 68 The E. of Peterborow'j- 
 
 .',-' - v'-it - * f 
 
 An Inftrument of the King of 
 Spain 5 / approving my Lords 
 Cbnduff with his Opinion in 
 relation to Naples. 
 
 The Kjng, 
 
 nTLLuftrious Lord, Earl of Peterborow, 
 JL General of my Troops, confidering 
 that by the Orders you have receiv'd 
 from the moft Serene Queen of Great 
 Britain, my moft Dear and muchLov'd 
 -good Sifter, you are allow'd (without 
 any hindrance by the Command by Sea 
 and Land, which fhe has put into your 
 Hands) to pafs with fome Ships of the 
 Fleet, which to you fliall feem proper, 
 to the Expeditions moft neceflary for the 
 publick Good, which you have lately put 
 in Execution in your Voyage to //*(?, 
 with my Approbation, and the Opinions 
 of all the Generals and Ministers, which 
 were with me in my City of Guadalaxa- 
 ra, at the time of your departure, ob- 
 taining in that Voyage moft known Ad- 
 vavtages to my Service, and that confi- 
 dering that in the prefent State of Af- 
 fair
 
 Conduct in Spain. 169 
 
 fairs, much greater Benefits may re- 
 dound to my Crown by the Propofitions 
 lately made for your return to Italy, hav- 
 ing acquainted me with the Defigns 
 projected, and fetled for the Attempt 
 upon Naples, or what may prove Equi- 
 valent, not doubting but that your 'ap- 
 proved Conduff in this, and all other the 
 intended Services in thofe Countries 
 will obtain the Execution of what (hall 
 be moft proper, and favourable to the 
 publick Interefts, and thofe of my Mo- 
 narchy, continuing in that Vigour which 
 is always found to diftinguifh your Acti- 
 ons, and which recommends thofe Mea- 
 fures, which your 3jWand Ability hath 
 adjufted with the Duke of Savoy and 
 Prince Eugene, to whom I fhall notify 
 by the firil Occafion my entire S<ztuf acti- 
 on in all you have tranfadled. As like- 
 wife to the Queen your Miftrefs, agree- 
 ing in Opinion with the Reprefentations 
 you have made for your fpeedy return 
 to Italy, that your Perfonal Afflfance may 
 give warmth and procure favourable 
 invents, to the important Affairs depend- 
 ing in thofe parts, considering it highly 
 neceflary that you fhould be near the 
 the Duke of Savoy at this Conjuncture, 
 a % nd believing you will receive from her 
 
 Brttijb
 
 1 70 fhe E. of PeterborowV 
 
 itifb Majefty Orders that may conduce 
 to the accomplifhment of thofe propi- 
 tious Events, which I promife my felf 
 from your Voyage, and known diligence ; 
 for the Intereft of my Caufe and the 
 publick Good ; trufting that your Zeal 
 and Love for my Service will engage you 
 with that Sincerity, which you have 
 ever praHs'd to procure the moft effe- 
 dual Endeavours, for the Execution of 
 the Defigns in Hand. And if leaving 
 them accomplifht, or in a profpcft of 
 Succefs, you think fit to return to thefe 
 Kingdoms, you ihall find in my Royal 
 Prefence all the demonftrations of Satis- 
 faction, you have reafon to exped. 
 
 At Valencia the 
 
 By Order of the King our Lord, 
 
 '. JO^[ 
 
 Don Enrique fie Gaxter- 
 ' ^ 
 
 , 
 This
 
 Condutt in Spain. 171 
 
 This Royal Teftimony , I 
 think, not only fhews his Ma- 
 jefty's entire Approbation of this 
 Voyage, but fufficiently confutes 
 thofe malicious Infinuations, that 
 have been made of the King's 
 difpleafure to the Earl of Teter* 
 lorow. I have often heard my 
 Lord fay, That he never once 
 met with the leaft difficulty from 
 the King, when he himfelf was 
 prefent with his Majefty ; but 
 that all meafures were agreed 
 upon, all Councils of War and 
 Reiblutions drawn up perfectly 
 to his fatisfaftion. In his ab- 
 fence indeed falfe fuggeftions, 
 and the contrivances and cabals 
 of others have too often pre* 
 vail'd : and during the correfpon- 
 dence with the Tortugal Army, 
 not only unfortunate methods 
 took place, but as his Lordship 
 found at his return from Itafy^ 
 
 the 

 
 The E. of Peterborow** 
 
 the King had, by fome Artifices, 
 been wrought upon to fignifie to 
 the Court of England, fome kind 
 of diflatisfaftion with his Lord- 
 ship's Conduct But that Prince 
 has been fince pleas'd fully to ju- 
 ftifie to the World the proceed^ 
 Ings of his Lordship ; and how 
 fenfible his Majefty was of his 
 Lordfhip's affection, how well 
 fatisfy'd with his fervices from 
 time to time, I can't better ex- 
 prefs than in his Majeftys own 
 Words. 
 
 i vino /oj 
 
 eid. ^ : / ymkf %>i 
 / .tt
 
 Condutt in Spain. 173 
 
 Letters of the Kinv of Spain to the 
 
 T* 1 r r 6 u r 
 
 jtLarl oj reterborow. 
 
 , , , r , 
 My dear Lord, 
 
 AS I have often in fo many occa- 
 fions experimented your great 
 Zjal and Affettion for my Intereft, and 
 Perfon, fo in the fatal conjuncture I 
 now find my felf, I place my greateft 
 Confidence in you ; hoping that with the 
 utmoft refolution and diligence you will 
 endeavour to fuccour a Prince , and 
 without lofs of Time, who (as the pre- 
 fent hazards I am exposM to demon- 
 ftrate) Sacrifices himfelf for the Pub- 
 lick Intereft, rather than abandon his 
 Faithful Subjeds, and what you have fo 
 Glorioujl) contributed to Conquer. 
 
 I am in hopes, That as you have with 
 fo much Reputation polfeft Catalonia, 
 fo I fhall likewife owe you the obliga- 
 tion of my Deliverance from the pre- 
 fent Exigencies. The Enemy is within 
 two Leagues. My Subjects are in a dif- 
 pofition to Ihed the laft drop of their 
 Blood for me, but wanting; Powder and 
 Provifions for a long Defence : It be- 
 longs
 
 1 74 The E. 0/PeterborowV 
 
 longs to you, my Lord, (by fo glorious 
 aji attempt) to relieve a King in fuch 
 Neceflity. 
 
 You may reprefent the condition of 
 my affairs to my Faithful Subjects, ani- 
 mating them,as well Catalans asl^a/enci- 
 avs,to (hew at this time their true Love 
 and Zeal. Endeavour, my dear Lord, 
 as foon as poflible to advife Admiral 
 L^jband Waffanaer, that they may con- 
 tribute of their part to my relief, that 
 out of this prefent danger I may conti- 
 tinue to expofe my felf for the Common 
 Caufe. I could be content to lay down 
 my Life in this place, if my preferva* 
 tion were not of greater ufe to the Ge- 
 neral Concern. 
 
 My hopes then are all in you: and 
 you may concert in every thing as far 
 as pofTible with the Count de Cifuentes, 
 Prince Henry, and my felf, and with 
 my Lord DonnegtH, who is advancing 
 of his fide, as well as the Country Peo- 
 ple of thefe parts. Lofe no time r my 
 Lord, to come to my afliftance, leaffc 
 it prove too late. We want every 
 thing here, to refift and defend our 
 felves for any Time. Adieu, my Lord, 
 I hope to embrace you in few Days, 
 
 as
 
 Condutt In Spain. 1 7 5 
 
 as glorious as poflible : Lofe no Time. 
 I fhall ever remain with the fame af- 
 feftionate Inclination. 
 
 , 
 
 Bturctlmi the 
 
 3 oth of Mircb, CHARLES. 
 
 at Night,i 706. 
 
 ' 
 
 
 , 
 - - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 My 
 

 
 176 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 I :^;-MtQr|-?j] 
 Mj Lord, 
 
 I Hope this will find you happily ar- 
 rived in the place you defigned for 
 going from hence, and that you will 
 find there no difficulties in the execution 
 of your gloriow Defigns. At my arrival 
 in this place, your Prejeme had been ve- 
 ry agreeable to me, to have conferr'd 
 with you upon the ftate of my affairs, 
 and feveral other things not to be neg* 
 lefted in the prefent conjuncture. 
 
 As the Emperor, my Brother, gives 
 jme to underftand in the laft Letters I 
 have receiv'd, his Refolutions of fend- 
 ing the Duke of Moles as his Embaf- 
 fador ; I fuppofe the faid Duke is ad- 
 ually now at Genoa^ or will come thi- 
 ther in few Days : Therefore you will 
 very much oblige me, in a fervice fo ne- 
 ceflary to the Fublick, by taking the 
 proper meafures for his fecure paflage 
 upon his arrival at Ger.oa,, in cafe he 
 have not the good fortune to come in 
 your Company. I hope God Almighty 
 will take you, my dear Lord, into his 
 Holy Protection, alluring you of my 
 Conftttnt) Perfeff Ejteem, And Acknowledg- 
 ments. 
 
 v*kr,. ii. otob. 1706. CHARLES
 
 Condutt In Spain. 1 77 
 
 His Lordship, after his return 
 to Sfain^ afted in no publick 
 Poft ; yet, upon all occafions, 
 fhew'd the fame concern and 
 zeal for the publick good, and 
 the profperity of her Majefty's 
 Arms. And tho' he was di 
 mifs'd from the command of the 
 Army , yet he did not think 
 himfelf exempt from ufing his 
 utmoft endeavours to promote 
 the Interert of the Common Caufe : 
 and took the liberty to offer 
 his advice .in fuch affairs, as he 
 thought his experience and know- 
 ledge of the Country enabled 
 him to judge of. Therefore, in 
 a Council of War held at Valen- 
 cia, Febr. 4. 170*. he gave in 
 writing his opinion, concerning 
 the management and conduct of 
 the enfuing Campaign. 
 
 N \ Th,
 
 178 The E. of Peterborow'j 
 
 1: 
 
 ' ' ' ;" <i/^ ' V^t 1 
 
 The Earl of PeterborowV 
 Opinion declared in a Coun- 
 cil of War held at Valen- 
 cia, Feb. qih, 170*. 
 
 \ N Offensive War is of Eclat and 
 xV. Deputation to the Generals and 
 the Troops ; but the Defensive is often of 
 moft Utility to the Publick. 
 
 OurCircumftances require vigorous 
 Efforts in Italy or Spat*. In the laft, 
 the Defeajtve fecures us the Crown of 
 Ayr Agon ; but the Troops in Ittly can 
 only give the Mortal Blow ; that is, en. 
 ter France. Neither can it be doubted, 
 if the French defift from their Hopes in 
 Itdy^ but that the great Force in that 
 Country will be ufefully employ'd by 
 the )uke of S&vcy and Prince Eugene. 
 
 No politive Opinions can be given 
 without knowing the Condition of the 
 Fket; without the Afliilance of the 
 Sea, the beft difpofitions in Italy are 
 ufelefs. If that were wanting, all muft 
 be hazarded in Spain ; the War there 
 being of an inconceivable Expence to 
 
 the
 
 Condutf in Spain. 179 
 
 the Allies. But the difficulties of fub- 
 filting Armies in Caflile are fufficiently 
 apparent by the laft Campaign ; and 
 the Dangers are evident of putting the 
 whole upon the rifque of paffing to MA- 
 drid, before an Army fo fuperior in Ca- 
 valry. 
 
 The Tage muft likewife be pafled be- 
 fore the Enemy (if Marching by Mur-- 
 da) without Pontoons, or the neceflary 
 Preparations for fuch an Attempt. The 
 Precipices of that River are natural For- 
 tifications : If there are Plains near 
 Aranjues, it is almoft equally impofli- 
 ble to pafs them before an Array in Ba- 
 talia, without a great Superiority in Ar- 
 tillery. And nothing is more eafie to a 
 Body of Horfe fo numerous, than to 
 cut off the neceflary Provifions in a^ 
 Country, where they are fo fcarce. 
 
 If the Troops advance into Cafile to- 
 wardsMrfdfr'/W, without taking the ne- 
 ceflary Precautions for the Defence of 
 Catatovia, either Madrid muft fall into 
 our Power, or all is loft. It is to be 
 doubted, whether the poiTcilion of Ma- 
 drid (without the Defeat of the Ene- 
 mies Army) bedecifive ; butthelofsof 
 Catalonia is certain, if the Places there 
 are not 4 better Fortified, and Provided: 
 N 2 And
 
 1 80 The E. of Peterboro w'j 
 
 And if Forces are not fent into that 
 Province, orthofepartsof ^rnjgrwnear 
 that Frontier, which may ferve at the 
 fame time for the Defence of the Forti- 
 fyM places of Cataloxia, and towards 
 preventing the Succours from the fide of 
 Navarre. 
 
 If we hope for a Maritine Force be- 
 times in thefe Seas, which may be fu- 
 perior to the Enemy, there does not ap- 
 pear the leaft Neceffity for rafh Mea- 
 fures: And the leaft Difgrace, or great 
 Fatigues alone may give our Troops 
 that Inclination to defert, which the 
 Enemy will not fail to improve, when 
 in a proper Situation. 
 
 Above all things the Defence of C*- 
 ulonia, and what we have, is NecefTary. 
 Our Intelligences allure us, that great 
 numbers of Troops aflemble in Rouftl- 
 Ion, and that great Magazines are form- 
 ing there for Foot and Horfe, and all 
 Warlike Neceflaries, But to conclude, 
 what better Opinions can be offer'd than 
 thofe of the Duke of Savoy and Prince 
 Eugene? Who have doubtlefs commu- 
 nicated them to the Emperor,the Queen, 
 and his Catholick Majefty, where that 
 Duke has Minifters. 
 
 Soon
 
 Conduct in Spain. i Si 
 
 Soon after this his Lordfhip 
 left Sfain : but carried with him 
 the fame concern for the good 
 fuccefs of Affairs there, and writ 
 a Letter from Italy, prefling more 
 earneftly, and explaining more 
 at large the fame advice, he had 
 given in the Council of War. 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 

 
 181 The E.of PeterborowV 
 
 A Letter writ to the Por- 
 tugal Ambaffador from 
 Italy. 
 
 Turin Jpril lift, 1707. 
 
 IAfTure you, I am with a particular 
 Inclination your Servant. I look 
 upon you as my Friend, and Compani- 
 on in all the Miferies, and Mortificati- 
 ons of the Spani/b War ; in all places I 
 ihall be a Witnefs of your Conduct 
 and Prudence, and of the Steadinefs 
 you have fhe \vnuponfo many extraor- 
 dinary Occafions. 
 
 Would to God you were free from un- 
 eafmefs, when I hope to be in quiet! it 
 feems to me as if Storms were threat- 
 riingty/iw, and I am the more concern- 
 ed, becaufe of the probability of your 
 Generals continuing in a difpofition to 
 rafh Meafures. It is certain, they are 
 only in a Condition for a Defensive ; and 
 that fuffices for the Publick, fince the 
 
 pre-
 
 Conduct in Spain. 183 
 
 preparatives againft France are fo terri- 
 ble in Italy, and in Flanders. You know 
 my Opinion in the Councils of War 
 held atlSalencM : But the Succours which 
 are coming, and the Per fen of the Duke 
 of Orleans, are certain proofs of the great 
 Efforts the Enemy will make in the be- 
 ginnings of the next Campagne. iF'visp 
 prevent their firft IrripetUofity, whilll 
 Naples, Sicily and Sardinia may be fecu- 
 red, Peace will give us all we can de- 
 fire. I am obliged to give you notice, 
 that no Endeavours can prevent thelm- 
 perialifts from Marching towards Na- 
 ples : if it is impo/Iible to hinder that 
 Diverfion of their Troops, it is ourln- 
 tereft to give the neceffary help towards 
 bringing that affair to a fpeedy Con- 
 clufion. And methinks, one might 
 hope upon the Succefs of that Enter- 
 prize, that thofe Troops might be fo- 
 licitedand obtain'd for the Succour of 
 $pti*. 
 
 But, my Lord, pray confider the Coa- 
 fcquences of a loffi Batt/e in the Spring : 
 perhaps a Difgrace were lefs fatal in 
 Flanders. By a fuperiority of Horfe, fuch 
 a Misfortune may happen to the left Foot 
 in the World, which will be cut off en- 
 tirely in cafe of a Defeat, and all Spain 
 N 4 at
 
 
 
 1 84 The E. of Peterboro^'j- 
 
 at the fame time loft, for want of Garri- 
 fons in the flrong Places we poffefs If we 
 defend well what we have, their great 
 Number of Horfe will confume it fclf 
 for want of Fdrrage, or deftroy that part 
 of the Country which is ill affected ; and 
 lled for by their preffing Neceflities 
 where, fince we have in this Coun-* 
 try near 70000 effective Men, for the 
 vigorous Meafures that are concerted. 
 
 I know my Reafons, though good, 
 will have little force with the Generals ; 
 they have the laft Campaign in their 
 Thoughts, and have not perhaps the 
 fame tranquility of Mind, and quiet, 
 which I thank God I enjoy. Being 
 well content with the beginnings I 
 have made, only wiQiing a happy 
 conclufion to this great Affair: allur- 
 ing your Excellency that nothing Pri- 
 vate fhall ever mix with my Thoughts 
 for the Publick. But I juftly lay a ftrefs 
 on the great Credit you have with every 
 Body, and am well aiTur'd, that the 
 Intereft of your Country requires 
 Meafures of the utmoft Precaution ; 
 fince your beft Troops are in Spat*, and 
 that a Defeat would expofe Portu- 
 gal before Succours can arrive ; fince 
 England has left her felf almoft unpro- 
 
 vid-
 
 
 Conduct in Spain. 185 
 
 vided with Troops, and that the Forces 
 in Italy being defign'd for other Services, 
 it will be difficult to obtain any of them, 
 tho'theCircumftances preflingly require 
 it. I therefore entreat your Excellen- 
 cy to think again of the Confequence of 
 a loft Battle. God be praifed we are not in 
 a Neceflity of a Victory: That is the 
 Circumftance of France. 
 
 I told you when I went away, that 
 I would fend you the Meafures I had 
 proposed to the King, which to me 
 feem'd certain of Succefs ; but any di- 
 vifion of the Troops would never be 
 liffen'd to, which however was the 
 only way pofTible to fecure Madrid. 
 Quick Motions were requifite before the 
 Succours could arrive from France , 
 and thofe are never taken with great 
 Bodies. My thoughts were to defend 
 the Entrance into Valencia with 2000 
 Horfe and 8000 Foot, which were 
 eafie with lefs Force ; and with nooo 
 foot and 5000 Horfe to have gain'd 
 the Head of the Tage, by a flolen 
 March. We might have had as ma- 
 ny Arragonefe, as we could defire ; who 
 for the Mountains, and defending the 
 pafTage over that River would have 
 equal'd our beft Troops, aqd have been. 
 
 bet-
 
 iS6 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 been better for long and fpeedy March- 
 es. Thus we might have put the 
 Tage betwixt us and the Enemy; 
 Madrid had been found without De- 
 fence, and the Duke of Anjou oblig'd 
 to a fecond Journey towards Burgos. 
 This particularly would have hinder'd 
 the junction of any Succours from 
 France : The Troops left in Valencia, 
 would have followed the Enemy at a 
 proportionable Diftance , when they 
 march towards the Tage ; and I af- 
 fure you fuch Refolutions well pur- 
 fued would fufficiently have perplext 
 the Enemy. Another time I will ex- 
 plain more diftinclly this Project to 
 you , in giving you Anfwers to all 
 the Objections might be made. 
 
 At prefent I have nothing to pro- 
 pofe to your Excellency, nor to wifh, 
 but that the Troops might not be 
 fatigu'd in ' the impofftble Views of 
 gaining Madrid, half the Army being 
 expos'd to Deftrudio/!, by Difeafes, and 
 Famine, or in the whole in a very im- 
 proper time by an unequal Battle. I 
 will neglect nothing in my Power to 
 obtain, in a favourable Opportunity, a 
 Succour of Troops for Spain ; that in 
 the after Seafon we may pufh our 
 
 Affairs.
 
 Conducl in Spain. 187 
 
 Affairs. I defire you to afTure the 
 King of my inviolable Attach to his 
 Intereft, which nothing can diminilh. 
 Prefent my Service, &c. 
 
 PETERBOROm 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 This 
 
 ' 
 
 
 

 
 1 88 The E. <?/PeterborowV 
 
 This Letter (hews how well 
 my Lord judg'd of the pofture 
 of affairs; and how reasonable 
 it was to think of nothing elie v 
 but a defenfiye War in the pre- 
 lent juncture. My Lord, I dare 
 fay, heartily wifhes he had been 
 miftaken in his judgment; but 
 in a few days after the writing 
 of this Letter, thofe who had 
 no regard to what he foretold, 
 took care moft punctually to 
 fulfil it. 
 
 And now, that I have fhewn 
 how early (before the French be- 
 iieg'd Barcelona) my Lord Peter- 
 korow was folliciting and contriv- 
 ing for the Earl of GaUway, the 
 opportunity and honour of car- 
 rying the King to Madrid : how 
 generoufly he refus'd i oooo /. 
 from the Caftilians, and oblig'd 
 'em in lieu of that to furnish the 
 whole Confederate Army with 
 
 Pro-
 
 Conduti in Spain. 189 
 
 Provifions for two months : how 
 willingly he run all hazards, and 
 incurred the cenfures and re- 
 proaches of fome that fhould 
 have thank'd him v to procure 
 mony, and fupport a ftarving 
 Army now under the command of 
 other Generals : how well he 
 forecaft, and how earneftly he 
 propos'd the proper meafures for 
 future fuccefs, when he was out 
 of iervice himfelf: Let the 
 World judge whether the Earl 
 of Tfterborow afted by a Spirit 
 of refentmerit, emulation or en- 
 vy ; or whether there are not 
 clear and undeniable proofs of 
 his Lordship's unweary'd Zeal 
 and Labours for the profperity 
 of her Majefty's Army under the 
 command of the Earl of Gall- 
 <way. 
 
 After this laft effort for the 
 publick fervice 5 his Lordship 
 
 went
 
 
 1 90 The E. of PeterborowV 
 
 went again to Turin, where he 
 was received as before , very 
 kindly and honourably. And I 
 never heard my Lord regret any 
 difappointmentjbut this only, that 
 he was not permitted to ftay a 
 Volunlier with the Duke of Sa- 
 voy, or his Friend Sir Cloudejly 
 Shovel: but was recall'd home 
 with great importunity, tho' in 
 no good condition for travelling, 
 and oblig'd to leave a very Wor* 
 thy Son in ill circumftances under 
 his Wounds ; the fecond that has 
 been crippled, and in a manner 
 facrific'd to the publick in this 
 War. 
 
 The
 
 Condufl in Spain. 191 
 -.,<. , 
 
 TH E account I have here 
 given, has been only a 
 bare Narrative of ibme part of 
 the Earl of Petertoro-ius Con- 
 dut in Spain, founded upon mat- 
 ter of Fat, and I think clearly 
 made out from original papers. 
 I don't doubt but the Reader, 
 who has obferv'd the caution and 
 regularity of his Lordship's 
 management, has been before- 
 hand with me in doing Juftice to 
 his Character : and muft needs 
 be fatisfyd, that as his Lord- 
 ship had in all his adions the 
 honour of Her Majefty and the 
 intereft of his Country at heart, 
 ib neither was he without all 
 thoughts of providing for his 
 own proper defence, ihou'd thefe 
 aftions, through envy or igno- 
 rance^be mif-reprefented at home. 
 For whatever clamours have been 
 
 rais'd
 
 The E. 0/JPeterboi-o w V 
 
 rais'd againft his'Lordfhip, 
 is fo well furnifh'd with 
 
 rials to juftifie what he has done, 
 that (hou'd he ever be put upon 
 a neceffity of producing them, 
 the World will be perhaps as 
 much furpriz'd to fee how little 
 his Accufers have to fay againft 
 him, as He was that he cou'd be 
 accus'd. 
 
 I never yet met with any fo 
 hardy, as to reflect upon his 
 Lordfhip's courage and bravery ; 
 tho* this quality, fo eminent in 
 his Lordfhip, might with as good 
 reafon be call'd in queltion, as 
 his Judgment and Conduit : 
 imce in the whole feries of his 
 fuccefsful undertakings, his cir- 
 cumftances oblig'd him to make 
 more ufe of thought and con- 
 trivance, than of force or valour. 
 Moft people, I believe, are apt 
 to judge of men's Conduct by the 
 
 courfc
 
 Condud in Spain. 
 
 courfe of their Actions : when 
 they fee defigus laid with pru- 
 dence, carry'd on with induftry, 
 and executed with vigour ; when 
 they fee men always upon the 
 watch to lay hold of and im- 
 prove opportunities, taking all 
 the meafures to know the true 
 ftrength of an Enemy, and to 
 make their own appear to ad- 
 vantage ; when they fee them 
 choofe the proper times of ufing 
 all Offenfiveand DefenfiveStrata- 
 gems,and fo manage a fmall force, 
 as,even without fighting,to defeat 
 all the Efforts of a numerous 
 Army ; they cannot but think 
 thefe no ill proofs of a cool un- 
 derftanding, and a wife manage- 
 ment: and I muft own my felf 
 to be fo far of the opinion of the 
 Vulgar, as not to like fuch men 
 the worfe for fuccefs. So that 
 were I of Council to his Lord^ 
 O fhips
 
 
 7 be E. of Peterborow V 
 
 (hip's Enemies, I would advife 
 them to. deny every thing that 
 has been done in Spain : fince, 
 unlefs they will allow of Mi- 
 racles in this Catbdkk Country, 
 I know nothing that can account 
 for fuch important and conti- 
 nued fuccefles , but his Lord- 
 fhip's Sagacity and Conduct. 
 And, I believe, 'twill readily be 
 own'd by all impartial men, that 
 fuch a CoUettion of Pafers as his 
 Lordfhip has, (a few of which 
 pnly I have here produced) wou'd 
 hardly have been preferv'd by a 
 Man, that afted at Random, and 
 without much thought, or precau- 
 tion. And his Lordfhip defires no 
 farther favour , rhan that the 
 World would judge of his pro- 
 ceedings as the Evidences of them 
 ihall appear, whenever or where- 
 ever they (hall be brought toan 
 Examination. 
 t& After
 
 '95 
 
 , 
 
 A Fter I had finifid the fore- 
 XJL && ration of the Earl ef 
 Peterhorow'j* Attions, which had 
 If en moft mi ^represented, and from 
 'whence all the oijefhons agamft his 
 Lord/kifis Conduct have arifen : ha- 
 ving materials ready at hand^ I was 
 tempted to give an account of fome 
 j4iiions of hi* Lord/hips, which 
 have met with a diflerent, but not 
 much letter Fate ; and have been 
 fo intireiy conceal* d^ at fcarce ever 
 to have been difcours^d of in En- 
 gland. T'he Campagne of Valen- 
 cia a, fubjefl fo ne<w^ and fo lit- 
 tle known, that, I hope ^ upon that 
 account at leajl it may give fome en* 
 tertainmcvt to the Reader. The 
 reduflim of that Kingdom was fo 
 remarkable and the methods ly 
 O a Wwct
 
 196 
 
 which it w<i$ carried on fo extraor- 
 dinary, that, notwitbftanding all the 
 care I /hall take to relate what 
 pafs'd with the utmoji veracity and 
 exaffinefs) an account of them will 
 Jlill have more the air of Romance 
 than Hiftory. ^4 courfe of fuch 
 happy Temerities (I make ufe of this 
 term, fmce 'tis the fajhionalle word 
 to exprefs the A&ions of his Lord- 
 /lip) will appear the effett of more 
 Thought and Application , than 
 the hurry if War feems to allow 
 of: and a Irief relation of them 
 will fet the judicious Conduit his 
 Lordfiip wfd in a true light, not- 
 itbftandina fo much affefled Ji- 
 e^ and jucb induftriows malice. 
 
 CAM-
 
 
 
 CAMPAGNE 
 
 O F 
 
 VALENCIA. 
 
 i 
 
 AFter the taking of Barcelo- 
 na^ in the firft confulta- 
 ti on about the War, the Earl of 
 Teterborow was of opinion, That 
 the Forces fhou'd be divided, and 
 the better half march immedi- 
 ately into Vdmda^ the reft into 
 Arragon. The 'Dutch and Engltft 
 Major Generals, Connyngbam and 
 
 O 2 Scbrat* 
 
 J 
 

 
 1 98 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 Scbratenlacb) were againft fatigue- 
 ing and diminifhing the Troops, 
 which they thought muft be pit- 
 ferv'd with the utmoft caution, 
 fince they were hardly fufficient 
 to defend the places we already 
 poilefsM in Catalonia^ The lat- 
 ter opinion had its weight, and 
 prevail'd : and reft cou'd hardly 
 be refus'd to Troops, that had 
 undergone fuch hardfhips at 
 Sea, and the fatigues of fuch a 
 Siege. However, my Lord fo 
 far prevail'd, as to obtain uni- 
 verfal confent to fend a good bo- 
 dy to Lerida y and about a 4000 
 Foot and aoo Horfe to Tortofa^ 
 the bordering City on the King- 
 dom of Valencia. 
 
 Some time muft be atlow'd to 
 recruit and repair ihatter'd Re- 
 giments .* but a few days reft, 
 good Diet, and Encouragement, 
 fodn recover the Souldier of any 
 
 * r 
 
 fatigue^
 
 of Valencia. 199 
 
 fatigue, and make him fit and 
 willing for fervice. It is plain 
 by what follow'd, that an im- 
 mediate march, and a fufficient 
 lum of mony for the procuring 
 a body of Horfe, had enabled us 
 at that very juncture to over-run 
 Sfain , before the Enemy cou'd 
 have had time to oppofe fo vigo~ 
 rous and unexpected an at- 
 tempt: And that the ill Quar- 
 ters at Barcelona deftroy'd more 
 men, than wou'd have been loft 
 in Ation,and moderate Marches 3 
 tho' in Winter-time. 
 
 My Lord moft impatiently 
 prefs'd for leave from the Court 
 to march into Valencia^ tho' at- 
 tended with fo fmall a force : 
 but there were fome there, who 
 were better pleas'd, that the re- 
 dution of that Kingdom ihou*d 
 teem to be procur'd by their cor- 
 refpondence and managementj 
 O 4.' than
 
 aoo Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 than that it fhou'd be owing to 
 her Majefty's Arms. Thefe ar- 
 tifices wrought fuch delays, as 
 had like to have prov'd fatal. 
 * Tis true indeed, that in the mean 
 time a revolt had been brought a- 
 bout in the City of J^alencia^nd a 
 Vice-roy nam'd (the Count Cifuen* 
 tes, aPerfon unacceptable enough 
 in that place) before any parti- 
 culars of the manner of it were 
 known. But the rejoycings up- 
 on this occafion were of fhort 
 continuance ; and thefe flow pro* 
 ceedings of the Miniftry gave 
 the Enemy time, to bring a con- 
 fiderable body of dilciplin'd 
 Troops before St. Mattheo, un- 
 der the command of the Conde de 
 Ite Torres^ who had ferv'd in the 
 War ofltalj) a General of known 
 Courage, and of long Service. 
 
 This
 
 Camfagrte of Valencia. 201 
 
 This news gave great alarms 
 to the Court at Barcelona, and 
 occafion'd the report that all the 
 Militia of Catalonia, Valencia, and 
 fome adjoyning places in Arragon 
 had taken up Arms, to the num^ 
 her of 16000 men; that they had 
 fecur'd fuch places and parTes, as 
 wou'd make the fubfiftence of 
 thofe Troops before St. Mattbeo 
 difficult, and their retreat from it 
 impoffible : and that there was 
 nothing wanting to their utter 
 deftruftion, but a few Officers 
 andfomeof the difciplin'd Troops 
 to encourage and direct this mul- 
 titude, fo conveniently pofted, 
 
 St. J\4attbeowasa place of great 
 importance by its fituation, in 
 regard that all communication be- 
 tween Catalonia and Valencia muft 
 have been interrupted, had it 
 fallen into the Enemies hands ; 
 and all our hopes and expefta- 
 
 tions
 
 Cttmfagne of Valencia. 
 
 tions in that Kingdom muft have 
 vanifh'd with the lofe of this 
 Town. In thele circumftances 
 the Earl of Teterlorow receivM 
 the following Orders from the 
 King of Sfain. 
 
 jk;;(;
 
 e of Valencia. 205 
 
 . . ; ^ 
 
 The*< JT ING. 
 
 ILIuftrious Earl of Peterforow, Ge- 
 neral and Commander of my Troops, 
 .ving this Moment receiv'd Advice, 
 that in the Wood QfVallivana, between 
 Morel/a and St. Matheo in the Kingdom of 
 VdenctA^ Tilly who has with him a 1000 
 Horfe,and a ioooFoot,is furrounded by 
 the Country People, who have poiTeft 
 themfelves of all the Paries ; and hav- 
 ing demanded from the Officer, who is 
 at Tort of a, fome regular Men to animate 
 thofe of the Country, and being an- 
 fwered that he had no Orders, without 
 which he could give no Men ; I have re- 
 folved, confidering the great Advantage 
 it will be to my Royal Service, if fuch 
 a happy Operation could be fuccefsfully 
 executed, to write and participate to 
 you this Opportunity , that you may 
 give fpeedy direction in it, and fend the 
 convenient Orders to the abovefaid Offi- 
 cer, that he may give immediately the 
 Men you fhall think fufficient to execute 
 it with Succefs r which I expect from 
 your great Zeal, Conduft and Prudent 
 
 Pif-
 
 204 Camfagne of Valencia. 
 
 Difpofition : For according to the Situa- 
 tion,in which they aflfume the Enemy is, 
 it is impojfible that any ca efcape, if the 
 Troops of the Queen which are at Hand 
 in the faid Town of Tortofa aflift in 
 time, to animate the Country People, 
 which are got together to that end. 
 
 Given in Barcelona the 3 if of 
 December, 1705. 
 
 The
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 205 
 
 The Earl of Fctcrlvrow re- 
 gretted the loft time too much, 
 to lofe one moment more : and 
 inftead offending to a Subaltern 
 the Orders requir'd, he imme* 
 diately took poft ; and tho' St. 
 Mattheo was above 30 leagues 
 from Barcelona , in about eight 
 days time from his departure, he 
 found ways to raife that liege. 
 And indeed the methods taken 
 in effefting it were as much out 
 of the common road^ as the re- 
 iblution to attempt it. 
 
 My Lord never refted night 
 or day, till he came to Tertofa ; 
 but had fent a Courier before 
 with Orders for Brigadier 
 Kittigreiv to march, fo that the 
 Troops had pafs'd the Ebro^ 
 before he arriv'd. As foon as 
 his Lordship came thither, he 
 fummOn'd the Governour, the 
 Magiftrates and Officers, and to 
 
 his
 
 Camf&gne of Valencia. 
 
 his great aftonishment, was in- 
 form'd, that the Enemy was three 
 times itronger than was repre- 
 fented; and the report of the 
 Countries being up in Arms was 
 fo intirely falfe, that not one of 
 thofe fixteen tboufand, who were 
 ordered to let no Body efcafe^ was 
 in being. The truth of the mat- 
 ter was, that the Enemy was be- 
 fore St. Matbeo with between 1000 
 and 3000 Horfe, and about 4.000 
 Foot 3 and the Earl of Peterl** 
 row had nothing to depend upon, 
 but 1000 Foot,and aoo Dragoons. 
 It is not hard to guefs, what 
 the general opinion was in thefe 
 circumftances ; neither did the 
 Earl of Teierborow endeavour to 
 perfuade the Officers, that it was 
 reafonable to approach fuch num- 
 bers with fo inconfiderablea force : 
 his Lordfhip only made them 
 fenfible, that unlel's he could raife 
 
 that
 
 
 Camfagne of Valencia. 207 
 
 that Siege, our affairs were def- 
 perate, and therefore capable on~ 
 ly of defperate Remedies. Upon 
 which he defir'd his Officers to be 
 content, to let him try his Fortune, 
 whether he could not by diligence 
 and furprize effect that, which 
 by downright force was utterly 
 impracticable. The confidence, 
 that thefe Gentlemen had in my 
 Lords care and intelligence, made 
 them on all occasions approve of 
 or acquiefce at leaft in hisDefigns, 
 whatever Difficulties might feem 
 to lie in the way. 
 
 It is certain the Conde de las 
 Torres had not the leaft notice of 
 the approach of any Enemy, till 
 thofe employ'd by the Earl of 
 Tetertorow gave him theaccount; 
 which was in fuch a manner con- 
 triv'd by his Lordfhip, and per- 
 form'd by his Spies, that it ob- 
 tain'd the defired effect, And it muft 
 
 be
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 be confefs'd to his Lordftiip's great 
 honour, that to fuch extraordir 
 nary Thoughts, and fuch diligent 
 Executions, were owing all our 
 fuccefles in Spain. 
 
 My Lord never made ufe of 
 any Spaniards, without getting 
 the whole Family in his pofef- 
 fion, to be anfwerable for thole 
 he employ 'd : and as the People 
 of that Country have very good 
 natural parts, and will run any 
 hazards for mony, it was hard 
 for the General of the other (ide 
 to avoid being impos'd upon, 
 without renouncing all intelli- 
 gence, and giving credit to no- 
 thing, though never fo proba- 
 ble. 
 
 By marches in the mountains, 
 by dividing his troops, and by 
 the help of obfcurity, his Lord- 
 fhip brought all his men to 
 meet in one night, at a place 
 
 callM
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 call'd Traguera^ within fix miles 
 of the Enemies Camp : and there 
 having got them within the 
 Walls, by his diligence and care 
 he prevented any Perfori from 
 going out of Town to give the 
 Enemy intelligence. He begun 
 his march before day, and hav* 
 ing with a i'mall Party view'd 
 the Woods and the Hills , he 
 plac'd a few Dragoons and Mi- 
 (juelets fo conveniently, that they 
 cou'd not be feen but by thole 
 they had already pafs'd by, 
 which his Lordship took care to 
 fecure : ib that all the soldiers 
 were brought to their reipe&ive 
 Pofts to appear at an hour pre- 
 fix'd, foon after his Lordfhip's 
 Spies had made the intended 
 impreffions in the Enemies Ar- 
 my. What this ftratagem was. 
 and what influence it wasdefign'd 
 P to
 
 a io Camfagne of Valencia. 
 
 to have upon the Enemy, will 
 be beft conceiv'd from this Let- 
 ter his Lordship wrote to Coll. 
 Jones^ who was then Governoui 
 of St. Mattbeo. 
 
 To
 
 Campagne of Valencia. a 1 
 
 To Coflonel]oms. 
 
 yOU will hardly believe your felf, 
 what this Letter informs you of, 
 il it comes fafe to you ; and tho' I have 
 taken the beft Precautions, it will do 
 little Prejudice, if it falls into theEne- 
 miesHands : Since they fhall See and Feel 
 the Troops, as foon almoft as they can 
 receive Intelligence, fliou'd it be betray'd 
 to them. The end for which I venture 
 it to you is, that you may prepare to 
 open the furtheft Gate towards f r alencia i 
 and have your thoufand Miquelets ready 
 who will have the Employment they 
 love, and are fit for, the following and 
 pillaging a flying Enemy. The Coun- 
 try is as one can wifh for their intire 
 DeftruQion. Be fure, upon the firfh 
 appearance of our Troops, and the firil 
 diibliarge of our Artillery, you anfwer 
 with an Englifo Halloo: And take to 
 the Mountains on the right with all your 
 Men. It is no Matter what becomes of 
 the Town ; leave it to your MiitrefTes. 
 The Conde de las Torres muft take the 
 Plains ; the Hills on the left being al- 
 P 2 moft 

 
 2i a Camfagne of Valencia. 
 
 moft impaflable, and fecur'd by five or 
 or fix thoufand of the Country People- 
 But what will trioft Gall him, the old 
 Regiment of Nebot, which revolted to 
 us near Valenci*, is likewife among them. 
 I was eight Days ago my felf in Bar- 
 celona, and I believe the Conde de las Tor- 
 res milft have fo good Intelligence from 
 thence, that he can't be Ignorant of ir. 
 What belongs to my own Troops and 
 my own Refblutions I can eafily keep 
 from him, tho' nothing elfe. You know 
 the Force I have, and the Multitudes 
 that a re gathering from ^11 parts againft 
 us ; fo that I am forc'd to put the 
 whole upon this Action : Which muft 
 be decifive, to give any hopes to our 
 defperateGame. By nine or ten, with- 
 in an Hour after you can receive this, 
 allure your felf you will difcover us on 
 the tops of the Hills, not two Cannon 
 Shot from their Camp. 
 
 The Advantages ot the Sea are incon- 
 ceivable, and have contributed to bring 
 about what you could never expecl: to 
 fee, a force almoft equal to the Enemy 
 in number; and you know lefs would 
 do our Bufinefs. Befides never Men 
 were fo tranfported, to be brought with 
 fuch Secrecy fo near an Enemy. I have 
 ' - ; *i near
 
 Camfagne of Valencia. 213 
 
 near fix thoufand Men lock'd up this 
 Night, within the Walls of Traguera. I 
 do not expert you fhould believe it, till 
 you fee them. 
 
 You know we had a thoufand Foot 
 and two hundred Dragoons in Tortofa: 
 J'F/y/'sand a thoufand Foot, /*///& and 
 Dutch, came down the Ehro in Boats ; 
 and I embark'd a thoufand Foot more 
 at Tarragona, which I landed at I'ixaros-, 
 and the Artillery from thence I brought 
 in Country Carts. It was eafietoajQTem- 
 ble the Horfe: Zjnzindorf and Moras 
 are as good as our own, and with our 
 Englifb Dragoons make in all near two 
 thoufand. But the whole depends upon 
 leaving them no retreat without inter- 
 ruption. 
 
 Dear Jones, prove a true Dragoon, 
 be diligent and alert; and preach this 
 welcome Do&rine. tp your Miquelets, 
 Plunder without D4ger. 
 
 o 
 
 Tour Friend, 
 
 
 
 
 
 PETE RBQ ROW, 
 . . ' 
 
 t 
 P 5 This
 
 5 1 4. Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 This Letter was given to two 
 feveral perfons: the one inftru- 
 ted ana order'd by fuch an hour 
 in the Morning, topretend the be- 
 traying of it into the hands of the 
 Conde delas Torres ; the other was 
 to remain hid in the mountains, 
 and agreed with to endeavour to 
 give it in the night to Collonel 
 jones. This Man was really 
 perfuaded, that the number of 
 Troops was as confiderable as 
 was pretended ; the firft was or- 
 der ? d to fay nothing of our 
 Force, leaf! he might be expos'd 
 to ill ufage, when the truth 
 came to be difcover'd. When he 
 had given the Letter, he had di- 
 rection to inform where the other 
 Spy was hid ^ upon condition 
 made for the fccurity of his Life. 
 Whether the artificial account of 
 the one^ or the fincere confeffion 
 pf the other prevaii'd, is not 
 
 known
 
 (tampagne of Valencia; ai 5 
 
 known : but 'tis certain that as 
 foon as the Letter was tranflated, 
 orders were given to prepare for 
 a march: and not long after, 
 when upon a retreat of a fmall 
 party of the Enemy, fome of 
 our Men approach'd the top of 
 the Hill which overlooks St. Ma- 
 tbeo, the whole Army was in 
 the utmoft Confufion, the Soul- 
 diers ftriking their Tents, load- 
 ing their Baggage, and preparing 
 to quit the Siege. 
 
 In a very little time the Troops 
 of the Earl of Teterborow ap- 
 pear'd on the top of the ad- 
 joining mountain , not above 
 random Cannon (hot from ibme 
 part of the Enemies Camp. 
 The Country, which was full of 
 little rifing Grounds and Valleys, 
 and cover'd with Olive Trees > 
 being favourable for fuch an 
 approach, and the Enemies ad- 
 P 4 vanc'd
 
 3 1 6 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 vanc'd party being driven into the 
 Camp before any judgment cou'd 
 be form'd of our Strength, it was 
 eafie for my Lord to make a (hew 
 of his forces to advantage. This 
 furprize made their fears as great 
 as could be defir'd^ $nd had we 
 had any proportion of Troops, 
 we had a fair opportunity of cut- 
 ting them all off. But we were 
 content to let 7000 Men gooff 
 without being attack'd ; and 
 thought it enough to raife the 
 Siege with a force fo difproportio- 
 nate, as that of 1 200 : after his 
 Lordfhip found not only all the 
 informations, that engag'd him in 
 that Attempt,, intirely wrong, but 
 his circumftances fo very difficult, 
 as would havedeterr'd any other 
 Man from fo hazardous an undeiv 
 taking. 
 A 
 
 ffpw
 
 Campagne of Valencia. a 1 7 
 
 How important the relief of 
 this place was thought at Court^ 
 and how little expected, may be 
 feen by two Letters of Mr.Cma 
 then a&ing as the Queen's Mi- 
 nifter at Barcelona : which tho* 
 fent within two days of one ano- 
 ther, are very remarkable for 
 the different air they are writ 
 with. 
 
 ... 
 
 " 
 
 LfeV#}^' 
 
 
 _ _ 
 
 ... 
 
 My 
 
 7
 
 2 1 8 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 MyLord, 
 
 I Do not want to know what your 
 Excellency will think of the Co- 
 herence of this with my laft Letter. I 
 hope you make no dependence on them, 
 nor any thing that is not immediately 
 under your own Command. There is 
 nothing here but &JhxjL Difcontent, 
 and Defftir. 
 
 the 
 
 th of?*- M.Crw* 

 
 of Valencia, a 1 9 
 
 MjLord, 
 
 I Was as Melancholy as the Weather, 
 our Circumftances,and the thoughts 
 ot your Enterprize could make me, I 
 durft fcarce open your Excellencies of 
 the loth, becaufe it came from Court ; 
 but the firft Linedifpers'd all thofeSple- 
 natick Fumes, and I give your Excellen- 
 cy a thoufand Embraces and Hornbuenas 
 as a Perfon whofe happy Influence and 
 Conduct redeems (with his own) the 
 Fortune of Kings. I went to the Pa- 
 lace, and there receiv'd theCompliments 
 of all theNobility on the part of your Ex- 
 cellencies happy Succefs ; and I affare 
 you, my Lord, the King expreft an ex- 
 traordinary Satisfaction in your Excel- 
 lencies much applauded Conduct, which 
 has not only put new lives into the 
 Minifters, but prolong'd thofe that 
 were almoit expiring at the Altar of 
 St. Cajetano. MefTages have fo taken 
 up this Morning, that I am afraid the 
 the Exprefs will depart, before I can ihut 
 up this. 
 
 Jb.
 
 320 Camfagne of Valencia. 
 
 Akum&dafs Regiment has pofitive Or. 
 ders (contrary to the Opinion of a Junto 
 before the King) to return from where- 
 ever they are to Lerida, fo I hope Collo- 
 nel Wills is March'd. 
 
 7jq v ! : J fhilyr 
 ?i I -Me ^ 
 
 :?(fi O,*;. i.'J'iii 'f'J'i vlo't 3Gf! 2L!T 
 
 10 ':?{; Jr-tv- ;? ^- " ,: ^ itO;^;i;> -^jy/- 
 
 The
 
 Campagne of Valencia.- ill 
 
 The Earl of Teterlorow pafs'd 
 thro' St. Mattbeo, having before 
 refolv'd which way to make a 
 (hew of purfuing the Enemy, 
 without intirely expofing his lit- 
 tle body, if they fhou'd be bet- 
 ter inform'd, and lay afide their 
 panick fear. So while they 
 march'd thro' a narrow plain 
 which leads to Valencia, my Lord 
 took along the edge of the Hills 
 to a place call'd Allocater^ not 
 far diltant from St. Manheo^ and 
 a little to the right of the Ene- 
 my. 
 
 In this place the Earl of Pe- 
 ter boro-w receiv'd an Exprefs from 
 the King^with all thefedifmal ac- 
 counts at once : That the Dukeof 
 NoyaiUes was entring with near 
 eight thouland men into Catalo* 
 ma^ from the fide of RjuJiUon ; 
 That the body under Serein* Titty 
 in Arragon was 4000 or 5000, 
 
 and
 
 221 Camfagne of Valencia. 
 
 and preffing upon all the places 
 near Lerida ; That the Duke of 
 Anjm with Marefchal de Tejfe 
 was forming a body of 10000 
 near Madrid, which wou'd foon 
 be in motion, befides the Troops 
 under the Duke of Berwick on 
 the fide of Torttgal. After thefe 
 informations , the King was 
 pleas'd to acquaint his Lord (hip, 
 that he was oblig'd to counter- 
 mand the 1000 Foot and 500 
 Horfe which was appointed to 
 joyn him,, and were already come 
 almoft as far as "Tortofa. The 
 Letters from Court at the fame 
 time reprefented the neceflity of 
 defending Catalonia, but above a I! 
 things the care and prefervation 
 of the King's Perfon : but how- 
 ever, in this matter my Lord had 
 no pofitive Orders from the 
 King, tho' he had receiv'd be- 
 fore very prefling ones for pafling 
 
 the
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 225 
 
 the Eiro, and relieving St. Mat* 
 theo. 
 
 His Lordftiip finding the For- 
 ces, that were to joyn him were 
 countermanded , had nothing 
 elfe to comfort him but a Ple- 
 nipotentiary Commiffion fent 
 him by the King of Spain to do 
 what he thought fit, with a 
 ftrong reinforcement of Com- 
 pliments and Authorities, in^ 
 Head of Troops. By which his 
 Lorddiip was only made liable 
 to be accus'd either of lofing 
 the Kingdom of Valencia, if 
 he re-pais'd the Elro ; or the 
 King's Perfon, if he did not re- 
 turn to the defence of Catalonia, 
 expos'd to fuch imminent dan- 
 ger. And at this time his Foot 
 were marching in the ftony 
 Mountains^ and in a Winter-fea- 
 fon ; without Cloaths or Shooes 
 1 and his few Dragoons were up- 
 on
 
 Camfdgne of Valencia. 
 
 on Horfes that cou'd hardly go,* 
 In thefe circumftances his Lord- 
 Ihip advis'd with his Officers; 
 who were unanimouily of opU 
 nion, that all endeavours ought 
 to be us'd for the fpeedy iup- 
 port of Catalonia. 
 
 At
 
 Cdmpagne of Valencia. 
 
 
 a Council of War, confift- 
 ing of General and Field- 
 Officers, held at the Town 
 of Albocazer, Jan. 1 2^ 
 
 1706. KS. 
 ' 
 
 . . 
 
 P R E S E NT 
 
 Richard Gorges. 
 Robert Killegrew. 
 Edward Pearce" 
 Thomas Allen. 
 Ja. St. Pierre. 
 Jofline Mead. 
 Archibald Hamilton. 
 Thomas Allnutt. 
 D. Collberg. 
 Charles Steward- 
 Don Jofeph Be liver 
 Thomas Phillips. 
 
 
 
 SOME Spies, Prifoners, and Defer- 
 ters having been examin'd about 
 the Force of the Enemy, they all agree 
 that their Horfe confided of three of 
 Q their 

 
 Campagne tf Valencia. 
 
 their beft Regiments, and one of Dra- 
 goons, befides two hundred Horfe of 
 the Duke of AnjtoSs Guards: It appear 'd 
 likewife, that the Regiment of Horfe 
 of Pozo Blanco was before them ready 
 to join, and a Regiment of Dragoons 
 within three Days March. The Regi- 
 ment of Horfe, if compleat, confifts of 
 twelve Troops of thirty Men each, all 
 which, when together at the lowed 
 computation, will amount to above two 
 Thoufand Horfe ; and their Foot to 
 about twenty eight hundred. It ap- 
 pears to the Council of War, by Advi- 
 ces, Letters and Accounts, that a Body 
 of five hundred Horfe and fifteen hun- 
 dred Foot, were come near to Valencia. 
 under VeUfco ; and by the confeflion of 
 the Deferters and Prifoners, the Enemy 
 were marching with intention to join 
 them, depending upon a Correfpond- 
 ence in ValemiA. The Forces, with 
 which the Siege of St. Mtttheo was raif- 
 ed, confifted of a thoufand Foot and 
 lefs than two Hundred Dragoons, the 
 Enemy being furprifed, who were not 
 inforrh'd of the March; upon the Re- 
 trfeat of the Enemy the Forces march'd 
 aftfcr them, a long and tedious March 
 Over the Mountains to Albwt&er ; where 
 
 the
 
 Camfagne of Valencia. 
 
 the Earl of Peterborotv receiving Advices 
 from Court, that the Regular Troops 
 of the Duke of Anjou were encreas'd to 
 twelve Thoufand Men on the Frontiers 
 of Arragon, befides near fix Thoufand, 
 which were between him and Valencia, 
 the nine Hundred Foot that remained 
 being Fatigu'd, and almoft bare FOOD 
 with continued Marches over the Rocks 
 and Mountains, his Lordfhip call'd a 
 Council cf War, where the Officers pre- 
 fent of the Allies, and thofe of the 
 King of Spain, were unannimoufly ojf 
 Opinion, not to advance further pa 
 the Plains towards Valencia, t>ut to at> 
 tempt Penifcola ,- Marching towards 
 Vineros ; a proper Poft to expeb the 
 Troops, that are coming to join : Which 
 Port was not fo far from Tortofn, but 
 that his Lordfhip might employ his 
 Forces to the relief of Catatoata, and 
 pafs the Ebro, if occafipn requir'd, as 
 like wife aflift Valencia as foon as rein- 
 forc'd ; his Lordfhip marching to fol- 
 low the Enemy for fome time with a 
 fmall party of Horfe, tp obferve their 
 Motion. At the fame time, by inter- 
 cepted Letters from the Count St. Efte- 
 <van Vice-Roy of Arragon, it appear'd 
 to the Council of War, that five Thou- 
 Q 2 laud
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 fand Men fnore \frere marching un- 
 der the Duke of Arcos , and were 
 within five Leagues of Valencia : So 
 that finding the laft Orders from Court 
 were to give an entire Liberty to the 
 Earl of Peterbororv to aft in all things 
 as he pleas'd , whereas his former 
 were pofitive and without any li- 
 berty, commanding the relief of St. 
 Mattheo , upon Intelligences wholly 
 groundlefs, which prevented his Lord- 
 fhipin a much more confiderable Ser- 
 vice, he having it in his Power to pafs 
 the Enemy and to get near a Thoufand 
 Horfes, and put himfelf with three 
 Thoufand Men into^a:ecia : And it be- 
 ing left to the Earl of Peterboroifs Judg- 
 ment upon the Intelligence from Court, 
 to acl: as he pleas'd: The whole Coun- 
 cil of War were of Opinion, it might 
 highly reflect on them in point of Judg- 
 ment, and be lay'd to their Charge, if 
 they did not advife his Lordfhip, fo to 
 Port the Troops with him, as not to be 
 cut off from being able to aflift the 
 King in Perfon, and to p'afs to the De- 
 fence of Catalonia, in the extream Necef- 
 fity, which in all probability may be ex- 
 
 per A. Farljt. 
 . The
 
 Camfagne of Valencia. 
 
 The whole Council of War 
 having advis'd his Lordfhip to 
 think of nothing but the de- 
 fence of Catalonia, and the King's 
 Perfon; and his Catbolick Maje- 
 fty having intimated his expet> 
 aliens^ That his Lordfhip wou'd 
 compleat the Conqueft of Valen- 
 cia, tho' at the fame time he 
 recalFd the fewTroops^that were 
 defign'd for that Kingdom: it 
 will be eafily conceiv'd, how 
 difficult it was, if not impoffi- 
 ble, for the Earl of Peterlorow 
 to reconcile theie different opi- 
 nions, and to fatisfie the expedla- 
 tions of both/ Againft thefe For- 
 ces of the Enemy ; againft theie 
 orders from the Court ; againft 
 thefe unanimous and reafonable 
 opinions of a Council of War, 
 few Generals wou'd have had fuch 
 a thought, and fewer wou'd have 
 executed fuch a# attempt, as the 
 Q s
 
 230 Cam^agne of Valencia. 
 
 reduction of a Kingdom with 
 200 Horfe and 900 Foot, in the 
 condition afore taken notice 
 of. 
 
 The Earl of Teterborozv fo far 
 comply 'd with the opinion of the 
 Council of War, as to give or- 
 ders to the Foot, with a fmall 
 Party of Horfe, to march back 
 to Vinaros^ a little Town on the 
 Sea-fide, fix Leagues dittant from 
 'jTortofa i where, in cafe of necef- 
 fity, he cou'd embarque the Foot 
 in Boats, and fling them fecure- 
 ly into the Ehro. But the Offi- 
 cers were furpriz'd, when they 
 found his Lordfhip refolvd, with 
 a Party of Horfe, to purfue fuch 
 an Army. The parting was very 
 melancholy; and their fears were 
 the greater, when my Lord af- 
 fur'd them he vvouM yet endea- 
 vclur, however our circumftan- 
 ceS feem'crdei^erate, to (ecu re the 
 
 King-
 
 Camfagne of Valencia. 1 5 1 
 
 Kingdom of Valencia ; and, That 
 fince the King thought Conqueft 
 poflible in the prefent cafe, his 
 Majefty cou'd not complain of his 
 Lordfhip's motions , however 
 rafh they might appear. .His 
 Lord (hip therefore was refolv'd 
 never to re-pafs the Eire, with- 
 out pofitive orders fwm t.Jie 
 King : and explained himfelf ve- 
 ry fully upon that fuibjec} to his 
 Majefty, in the following Lert-er. 
 
 
 
 : 
 
 
 
 j 
 
 , , . 
 
 ' 
 
 * 
 -
 
 Campagne of Valencia, 
 
 the Earl of 
 Peterborow to the King of 
 Spain. 
 
 H E Honour your Majefty does me 
 in your laft Letter would give me 
 Courage, had I more Enemies to deal 
 with : you promife me, Sir, to confide 
 in me, and afTure me of your Efteem 
 and Friendfhip. It is too much, the 
 recompence is too great ; but I defire 
 your Majefty to believe, that I v/ill 
 do all in my Power, not to he wholly 
 Unworthy of your Favours. There is 
 nothing more true,' than that I moft 
 certainly defire fome Credit with your 
 Majefty ; but I take God to witnefs, 
 it is for no private Tntereft, and I 
 have only wifhed for it to be able to 
 ferve you ; it is your Eftablifhment, that 
 I defire above all things. 
 
 '^tiS;ib?Sli
 
 Gampagne of Valencia. 2:53 
 
 Your Majefty has confer'd particu- 
 lar Honours upon me, which 1 can't 
 deferve. But, Sir, both the Engltjb 
 Minifter and my felf have apprehen- 
 ded, we have had little fhare in your 
 Councils. If 'our Advices had been 
 apprqv'd ; if your Majefty had truft- 
 ed us in the management of your 
 Troops, they had been now in a con- 
 dition to have oppos'd your Enemies : 
 If your Majefty had permitted me to 
 have MarclVd into the Kingdom of 
 Valencia, when I fo earneftly defir'd 
 it, without making me fray under 
 pretence of the March of Imaginary 
 Troops : If your Majefty would have 
 believ'd me upon that occafion, your 
 Majefty probably had not only had 
 at this time a Vice-Roy of Valencia, but 
 the Kingdom. 
 
 With what I have, I march ftraif 
 to Valencia. I can take r.o other Mea.- 
 fures, leaving the reft to Providence. 
 Your Majefty has made me pafs the 
 Ebro , with pofitive Orders for the 
 relief of this Kingdom ; it is but 
 reafonable that your Majefty giye me 
 the like Orders to repafs that River, 
 when the Succouring of Catalonia re- 
 Quires it. Jf the Time loft (fo much 
 
 againft
 
 2 34. Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 againft my Inclination,) expofes mq 
 to a Sacrifice, at leaft I will perifh 
 with Honour, and as a Man deferr- 
 ing a better Fate. 
 
 riob:-f ;;( 3Mti 
 
 O*.*V* I' - i >'- : "'< : ' ! . \! . . 
 
 the 27 th, 
 
 
 
 ., - c . . 
 
 ! 
 
 At 
 
 
 .
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 235 
 
 At the fame time his Lord- 
 fliip fent again orders to the 
 thoufand Sfanijb Foot and three 
 hundred Horfe to enter into Va- 
 lencia ; and in cafe his Majefty 
 fhou'd again remand them to Le- 
 rida, after having taken fuch a 
 march from thence to the bor- 
 ders of f^alenciet) his Lordftiip 
 had fent pofitive orders for Coll 
 Willsjio march immediately with 
 an equal number of Horfe and 
 Foot to his affiftance. 
 
 This reiblution, taken by the 
 Earl of c Peterloro f w^ produc'd the 
 defir'd effed, and orders were 
 fent to the Sfanifh forces to fol- 
 low the direction of the Ewglifi 
 General : fince it appear'd^ that 
 his Lordfhip was reiolv'd other- 
 wife to have an 'equal number of 
 Englifh out of the fame place,, to 
 which thefe Sfam/b Troops were 
 to return. In the mean w 7 hile, 
 
 my
 
 036 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 my Lord furfud the Enemies Ar- 
 my with a party of Horfe . the 
 word won't be thought impro- 
 perly us'd, fince the Enemy 
 marched twenty leagues with the 
 fame precipitation, as they fled 
 <from SLMattbeo ; and were (by 
 the fame artifices us'd to make 
 them raifethe Siege) perfuaded, 
 that they were follow'd by confi- 
 derable Forces. 
 
 It may eafily beimagin'd, what 
 reft a Party cou'd have, that was 
 employed in fuch a defign, and 
 appeared now one fide, now on 
 the other, to give alarms by day 
 and night to the Enemy: and 
 what fatigues a General under- 
 went, who was oblig'd to lead 
 them in Peribn every (rep, and 
 was perpetually buiie in contri- 
 ving thofe artifices and ftratagems, 
 by which alone the enterprise 
 cou'd fucceed. To enter into all 
 
 the
 
 Cawpagne of Valencia. 237 
 
 the particulars of this a&ion, 
 wou'd be to make it almoft in- 
 credible ; I (hall only relate one 
 paffage, which will give us a juli 
 Idea of the whole. 
 
 After feveral days march, the 
 Enemies whole Army came to a 
 place calFd Nuhs, within three 
 days march of Valencia, and one 
 from Cajlillon de la Tlana, which 
 was a Town populous , rich, 
 well affeted, tho' in the Ene- 
 mies hands , and abounding in 
 Horfes. Nules was the moft dif- 
 affeted Town in all the King- 
 dom to the Interefts of King 
 Charles, and fortify'd with the 
 moft regular towers } with the beft 
 walls, and in the beft repair. It 
 was neceflary to drive the Enemy 
 from this place, and, if poffible, 
 to poffefs Nules, 'and fome other 
 little wall'd Towns, which co- 
 
 ver'd 
 . 
 
 -\
 
 s 3 8 Gampagne of Valencia. < 
 
 ver'd CajtiUon^ fuch as VtUa Real, 
 Burriana^ &c. 
 
 The Enemy march'd away 
 from Nules, and left a thoufand 
 of the Towns- People well arm'd 
 in it. There was little hopes, 
 that his Lordfhip (hould gain ad- 
 mittance there : but the Enemy 
 having the day before, partly by 
 force, partly by treaty, got into 
 Villa Real, and under pretence 
 of their reiiftance, put them all 
 to the Sword ; his Lordfhip flat- 
 ter'd himfelf that Terror, might 
 prevail on the inhabitants of 
 Nulcs, and took a refolution as 
 bold as fortunate. He rode in 
 Perfon with his Party of Horfe 
 up to the Gates of the Town, 
 under the fhot of all their Muf-< 
 quets, and required them imme> 
 diately to lend him out their 
 chief Magiftrate or a Prieft, if 
 they wou'd avoid being put to 
 
 the
 
 of Valencia. 239 
 
 the Sword without mercy, as 
 foon as the Artillery or Miners 
 cou'd make a breach. Some 
 Priefts, who knew the Earl of 
 Peterborow^ came out ; my Lord 
 to improve their frights, allowed 
 them but fix minutes time to 
 return with an anfwer. The 
 Gates were immediately open'd : 
 and here the Earl of Tetcrtorow 
 began to form that Cavalry, 
 which fecur'd the Kingdom of 
 Valencia^ and contributed to fave 
 Barcelona ; taking near 200 Horfe 
 in this place, where the Enemy 
 an hour before had 3000 men. 
 After this adlion, which forc'd 
 the Duke of Anjotfs Troops to 
 a fecond march the fame day, 
 to get further from fo terrible an 
 Enemy, his Lordship made a 
 ihort turn, and came toCaftillon ie 
 laTlana. 
 
 In
 
 240 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 In this considerable Town, 
 and (bme of the adjacent Places^ 
 his Lordship procured and bought 
 near 800 Horfes, under the Ene- 
 mies nofe: perfuading the whole 
 Country > that his Army was 
 now following the Enemy, and 
 driving them out of the Country,-, 
 and that fome of his Troops) * 
 wou'd march back, to take pot 
 feffion of the Horfes, he had now 
 provided. The difpatch, the 
 perfuafions^ the arts us'd upon 
 this occaiion, are not to be con- 
 ceiv'd : the whole had at that 
 very time a Romantick Air, tho v 
 every particular was before adjuft- 
 ed and prepar'd by his Lordfhipi 
 
 No furprize, I believe, was. 
 equal to that of the Officers and 
 Soldiers of Collonel Pierces Re* 
 giment; who had orders to march 
 from V'maros, where they were 
 fent. with the reft of the 900 
 
 nl 
 
 Englifl
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 24.1 
 
 Englifh Infantry, to a place calFd 
 Orofefa^ four leagues from Ca~ 
 Jlilion de la Tlana. In this place 
 by ten in the morning, they 
 were met by the Earl of Teter* 
 toroW) in a plain juft bordering 
 on the Town. His Lordftiip 
 having made a review, was com- 
 plimenting the Regiment, and 
 wifhing that he had but Horfes 
 and Acoutrements, to try whe- 
 ther a Corfs of fo good a cha- 
 rater would maintain the like 
 reputation upon fuch a change. 
 It is not to be doubted, that 
 they concurr'd with his Lord- 
 fhip in his wifhcs ; little expert- 
 ing the execution of them in a 
 moment. But his Lordfhip ha- 
 ving order'd his Secretary to give 
 theCommiffions already prepar'd^ 
 the Officers at laft believ'd the 
 General in earned, when turn* 
 ing to the edge of the Hill, they 
 R faw 
 
 .
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 faw eight bodies of Horfe drawn 
 up feparaitely, and found them 
 all ready accoutred. Among 
 thefe there were three good Hor- 
 fes for each Captain, two for each 
 Lieutenant, and one for the Cor- 
 net. My Lord left to the Field- 
 Officers the choice of their 
 Troops, the other Captains drew 
 Lots ; and immediately they all 
 mounted and marched to the 
 Quarters, appointed for them. 
 
 The like care the Earl of Pe~ 
 terborow had taken for the dii- 
 mounted Enolifb and Sfani/b Dra- 
 goons, having in Barks brought 
 Saddles, Arms and Accoutre-* 
 nients to the neareft place on the 
 Sea-fide in eight or nine days, 
 when at the (ame time his Lord- 
 (hip was in continual motion; 
 and had driven the Enemy twen- 
 ty leagues before him. His Lord"' 
 ffeip having by this means from 
 
 two
 
 of Valencia. 
 
 two hundred, encreas'd his Horfe 
 to a thoufand, left them in quar- 
 ters in little walled Towns^ 
 which were well affe&ed , all 
 about Cafiitton de la Tlana, and 
 where they could not be infult- 
 ed by the Enemy without Can- 
 non. He gave orders for marches 
 from place to place^ with the 
 proper cautions ; and by this 
 means confirm'd the Country, 
 and the Enemy in the belief, 
 that we had a confiderable body 
 in thofe parts : he writ Letters 
 to Valencia, promifing them ta 
 come to their relief^ and foon to 
 force the Enemy out of the 
 Country. And left orders to his 
 Secretaries to continue a corref- 
 pondence with that place, as if 
 he were in thofe parts, tho 1 his 
 Lordflhip immediately took Poft 
 farTertofa, 
 
 R * The
 
 244 Campagne-' of Valencia . 
 
 The reafon of his Lord (hip's 
 going thither, was to fee whether 
 the King had been prevailed with - 
 to let the; Troops firft defigned 
 march, or to hear how near 
 Coll. Wills might be come to 
 Tortofa y' ; ' r in- 7 cafe the Spanift 
 Regiments continued under con- 
 trary orders. When his Lord- 
 (hip came to Vinaras , he 
 found that the Syanifh Troops 
 had made a days march into 
 Valencia, and that fome of the 
 Militia of Catalonia 6nd Valencia. 
 were likewife come to their ren- 
 dezvouz. With thefe Troops 
 thus affembled' the Earl of 2V 
 tertorow immediately march'd 
 with a defign to relieve Valencia, 
 and fecure that Kingdom againft. 
 an Enemy, who had (after all his 
 Lord (hip could do)' 1 double the 
 number of well-difciplin'd and ve-^ 
 
 teran
 
 Camfagne of Valencia. 24.5 
 
 teran Troops, both in Horfe and 
 Foot. 
 
 The Earl of Teterlorow could 
 hardly expert to deceive an Ene- 
 my, and to difguife his own 
 weaknefs, for fo confiderable a 
 time, as was neceilary ; but 
 hiving nothing elfe to truft to, 
 he happily fucceeded by the help 
 of a few Engli/b Dragoons well 
 chofen, and fome fober Subal- 
 terns well inftrudled , together 
 with the People of the Country, 
 who, of all Men, are the beft 
 qualified forfucha purpofe. And 
 If the great art of War feems 
 chierly to confift in gaining true 
 intelligence, and at the fame time 
 impoling upon the Enemy, his 
 Lordfhip had this part of a Ge- 
 neral in perfedtion. 
 
 He lent at once twenty Spies 
 
 forwards into the Country from 
 
 St. MattbfO) Knowing the Route 
 
 R : the
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 the Enemy muft take ; appoint- 
 ing them the places from whence, 
 and the time when they fhould 
 "bring in to the General the pre- 
 tended Intelligences. It were 
 too tedious to relate all the feve- 
 ral pretences and directions, tho" 
 my Lord has them all in writ- 
 ing. The Spies upon the fe- 
 cond days march of the Enemy 
 were very fuccefsful, and oblig'd 
 the Army to a march in the 
 night.' The Sfdniards employ'd 
 by my Lord informed the Coride 
 de IM Torres of a confiderable 
 force, that were upon his left, and 
 Ibmewhat before him ; which, as 
 he told him, certainly defigned to 
 take fome pafles, which might 
 prevent ; his entrance into the 
 plaint which lead to Valencia, 
 and that there were Engli/k 
 Troops among them. This the 
 General thinking irnpoffi-
 
 Camfagne of Valencia. 247 
 
 ble, the Spy offer'd to give any 
 two or three Officers he pleas'd 
 to appoint, the fatisfadion of fee- 
 ing, what he affirm'd. Upon 
 this, two Officers in the Country- 
 habit, went along with him to 
 a place, where, pretending to 
 alight and refrefh themfelves, 
 they were fiezed by ten Englijb 
 Dragoons, that were pofted there 
 on purpoie, and had marched in 
 the Mountains all night with the 
 Spies. The Sfaniards thus fur- 
 priz'd and feiz'd, the Spy pre- 
 tended the Guard was drunk ; 
 and the Officers feeing a couple 
 of Dragoons lying along in that 
 condition, flipp'd into the Stable, 
 and took three of the Dragoon 
 Horfes with their accoutrements ; 
 this was enough to confirm the 
 Intelligence, and to gain credit to 
 the Spy ; Officers of this Coun- 
 try never failing ^ to mag- 
 R 4. nifie
 
 24.8 Campaane of Valencia. 
 
 nifie their dangers and efcapes. 
 Sometimes the Dragoons were 
 brought Prifoners, by confent, 
 into their Camp by Country-Peo- 
 ple, feeming in their Intereft. By 
 fuch artful means, and by fuch 
 diligent application, a little bo- 
 dy of Men , about twelve or 
 thirteen hundred Horfe, and two 
 thouiand Foot, were brought to 
 join in the neighbourhood of Ca- 
 ftillon de la Plana. 
 
 The time neceflary to get 
 thefe Forces together with fome 
 of the Militia, gave the Enemy lei- 
 fure , and the opportunity of 
 hindring Provifions from com- 
 ing into Valencia : we may eafily 
 conceive how the nearnels of fo 
 powerful an Enemy frighted ii 
 People, naturally very fearful : 
 at leaft we may frame a true no- 
 tion of theirapprehenfions, from 
 . the fqllqwins Letters they lent tp 
 
 Mo]*
 
 Camfagne #/ Valencia. 749 
 
 ' 
 
 n 
 
 Mofl Excellent Sir, 
 
 WE acknowledge the higheft obli- 
 gation, we owe your Excellency, 
 for the great Defign you have in Hand, 
 to favour and fuccour us in fuch pref- 
 fing Circumftances of having the Ene- 
 my fo near this City, executing thofe 
 Hoftilities, which we have in other 
 Letters reprefented and repeated to your 
 Excellency : and that we can only ex- 
 peel our Redemption from your power- 
 ful Affiftance ; which muft be afforded 
 with that Diligence, the imminent Dan- 
 ger we are in requires. Wherefore we 
 beg once more, that your Excellency 
 will be pleas'd to haften your Marches, 
 without employing your Troops to any 
 other Services than our Succour, fince 
 it admits of no delay ; for the Enemy 
 have cut away the Water which came 
 to our Mills, and this Morning they 
 have prevented, that not one drop of 
 Water comes to the Town, which will 
 reduce us to the utmoft Extremities, 
 there being a great want of Meal ; 
 we pray therefore with the utmoft Re- 
 fpecl: and Submiflion, that your Excel- 
 lency will not fuflfer this City tq, be loft, 
 
 fince
 
 150 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 fince your Excellency has our Relief in, 
 your Power alone ; which we fhall eter- 
 nally acknowledge, and ever indeavour 
 to promote your Excellencies Service, as 
 a Token of our Gratitude and and pun- 
 ctual Obfequioufnefs. 
 
 God preferve your Excellencies Per- 
 Ibn many Years in its greateft Splendor. 
 
 Valencia. $**: the Jfo ^urrt^ RAcionaL 
 Syndich of the 
 of Valencia. 
 
 Vicent Ramon Secretary 

 
 of V^lenci^. a 5 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 Moft Excellent Sir, 
 
 BEingto anfwer two Letters I have 
 receiv'd from your Excellency, of 
 the 2 1/ and 24/6 Inftant in the firft place 
 I am.. to. give your Excellency repeated 
 thanks for your Favours, and am al- 
 ways at your Service with all poflible 
 Submiflion: and next I am to acquaint 
 you, that the Enemy have left Moncada 9 
 and are remov'd to torrente, coming 
 nearer to us, and intirely inverting us ; 
 yefterday they cut away the Water of 
 a Mill in this Town, and we having no 
 Horfe to cover the Country, the Enemy 
 do every thing they pleafe : To this 
 Misfortune may be added the cruel Ho- 
 iHlities they commit in the Country : 
 After they have rais'd heavy Contribu- 
 tions, after they have drawn all their 
 Provifions from them, they abufe their 
 Perfons,take away theirWives,cut down 
 the Trees, deftroy the Fields, and burn 
 their Houfes, after having Pillag'd 'em 
 without anydiftindion,eventoChurches 
 Thefe and other execrable Hoftilities af- 
 flift us not a little, and may fhake even 
 the beft and moft loyal Subjects His 
 Majeity haSjapprehendingthe like ufage ? 
 : f if
 
 252 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 if they fee thofe depravations continu- 
 ing in their Neighbourhood, without 
 being in condition, (as we are not at 
 prefent) to remove them from us: and 
 as the number of the ill affected increa- 
 fes every Day, and your Excellencies 
 arrival is delayed, which they have fo 
 often believ'd, and as often been de- 
 ceiv'd in, the common People begin to 
 defpair, and the rumour is fpread abroad, 
 that your Excellency nor your Troops 
 ever defign to come, and that General 
 Ramos and my felf have deluded the 
 People. 
 
 This mortifies us not a little, who 
 know your Excellencies Inclinations and 
 Defires; but I muft venture to fay, that 
 if your Excellency was but here in Per- 
 fon without your Troops, it would ex- 
 ceedingly animate every Man, who tho' 
 they are now Difpirited by thofe Cruel- 
 ties I have mention'd, and the Confide- 
 rationsof their being expos'd to further 
 Invafions without a fufficient Defence, 
 yet (how a Love and AfFetion to our 
 Monarch, which is not to be exprefs'd, 
 and repofe a confidence in your Excellen- 
 cy, which is incredible. 
 
 For thefe Reafons I heartily beg of 
 your Excellency with all Submiflion and 
 
 Since-
 
 Camfagne of Valencia. 155 
 
 Sincerity, in my own Name , and that 
 of all thofearHic1:edSubjecl:s,be pleasMto 
 deliver and protect us from thefe great 
 Tribulations, ufing all imaginable dili- 
 gence-, that you may at the fame time 
 give an univerfal Confolation, andefta- 
 blifh the Prefervation of this City and 
 Kingdom, which hath no other nor 
 greater Hopes than in your Excellency, 
 from whofe Zeal and CompaUion I pro- 
 inifemy felf theutmoft compliance. 
 
 Godpreferve your Excellency the ma- 
 ny Years I defire and have need of. 
 
 "^o^ Car dona, 
 
 - 
 
 ; _ . 
 
 I 
 
 fi The
 
 Campagne of Valencia. , 
 
 The Duke of Arcos^ who then 
 commahded, kept the main of 
 his Army to the right of Valenwa^ 
 towards a place calFd Torrente : 
 but fent Brigadier Mahoni with 
 a detachment of Horfe to fecurc 
 the ftrongeft paft in the Country, 
 over a River which wasjuft under 
 the Walls of Molviedre, the ancient 
 Saguntum, fo famous in the Roman 
 Hiftory. This place, which 
 is about four Leagues diftant from 
 Valencia^ my Lord muft pafs ; for 
 no other way was prafticable. 
 All the Officers were of opinion, 
 That his Lordfhip muft come to 
 a full flop here, having noAr> 
 tillery, no Miners, no prepara- 
 tions to take a watled Tows ; 
 "where, befides numerous Inha^ 
 bitants, all arm'd and zealous for 
 the Duke of Anjou^ there was a 
 very good General- Officer, and 
 eight hundred men, near half of 
 
 them
 
 Qamfdgne of Valencia. 255 
 
 them being Mahoms Regiment 
 of Iri/h Dragoons. What made 
 our cireumftances the more de 
 perate in appearance, this place 
 was for us moft unfortunately fi- 
 tuated j becaufe after pafling the 
 River, there was a plain of two 
 leagues to a Carthujian Convent^ 
 where the Enemy to all advan- 
 tage might make ufe of their 
 Horfe, which were excellent, and 
 double in number. 
 
 The Earl of Teterlorow gave 
 the Officers hopes, that what he 
 could not do by force, he did not 
 fear but to compafs by Art : and 
 told them, That if he could but 
 prevail to get Mahoni to come 
 out to fpeak with him, he was 
 almoft confident of getting im* 
 mediate pofleflion of the Town^ 
 and the opportunity of pafling 
 the Plains without oppofition. - 
 
 Mol- 

 
 a 56 Camfagne of Valencia. 
 
 Molviedro lies about a league 
 from the Sea, the greateft part 
 of the Town upon a flat, except*;* | 
 the fide rifing towards the Cattle, 
 which ftands on a high Hill. On 
 the right runs a long ridge of 
 Mountains ; but a little above 
 Cannon-fhot from the place, there 
 is, towards the Country, a lit- 
 tle round Hill , diftinft by it 
 felf : our Troops came towards 
 the Town by a great defcent; 
 and the way towards the pafs 
 was behind the round rifing 
 ground, turning (hort on the left 
 to the River. 
 
 The place of the interview in- 
 tended by his Lordftiip, was on 
 the tide of this little rifing ground 
 next Molviedro ; behind which 
 my Lord had ftolen fome of his 
 Troops towards the pals, which 
 were come in view of the Town : 
 the reft were at the fame time 
 -vl ; \ march-
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 257 
 
 marching on purpofe to make a 
 fhew , and coming down the 
 Hills, the Soldiers edging as it 
 were the Country People on that 
 fide_, where they could be feen. 
 The few Field-pieces we had 
 were difpos'd to the like advan^ 
 tage; and every thing was fet in 
 a fort of perfpeftive to the place 
 of the Interview. 
 
 The Scene being thus prepar'd, 
 the Earl of Teterkorow fent an 
 Officer and Trumpet into the 
 Town to Mahom , to let him 
 know; That it fhould not be! his 
 fault, if the Country were ex- 
 pofed to unneceflary hardfhips 
 and ruine, it being the Intered 
 of both iides to prevent it, iince 
 each had a chance to be mafter 
 of it : That, befides, he fhould 
 be glad to have an interview 
 with a Country-man of fo good 
 a Reputation ; That fuch a con- 
 S ference
 
 258 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 ference could have no ill confe- 
 quence, and might have fome 1 
 good ; and that he was ready to 
 meet him with ten or twelve 
 Horfe, in any convenient place 
 betwixt his troops and the Town. 
 My Lord had the more hopes of 
 fucceeding in this projefr, firce, 
 that befides in thefe Conferences 
 evrey body prefumes to make his 
 own advantage, he thought it 
 might be reafonable enough that 
 Malwni fhou'd be glad of a 
 Capitulation, and an opportu- 
 nity to join his Horfe with that 
 of the Duke of Arcos, in order 
 to prevent our paffing the Plains 
 towards the Carthvjian Convent. 
 
 The Conde de IM Torres, the belt 
 Officer in Spain, (but by many 
 thought no Enemy to the Route 
 of Aufirh) was luckily recall ? d, 
 upon pretended faults found in 
 his Conduct, in relation to the 
 
 fiege
 
 Camfagne 0/ Valencia. 259 
 
 fiege of St. Mattheo : fo that the 
 Earl of Teteriorow met an ad- 
 vantage he well improved, a Ge- 
 neral juft come to an Army, a 
 Man of great Quality , but no 
 Soldier of fervice. 
 
 Mahoni return'd an Officer 
 with this compliment, That he 
 would immediately wait upon the 
 Earl of Peter lor ow , upon his 
 Lordfhip's parole for his fecuri- 
 ty ; being defirous to (hew him 
 any proper refpeft, and to con- 
 cert meafures with him that 
 might prevent any diforders, 
 but thofe which were inevitable 
 in War. This Gentleman being 
 related to the late Countefs of 
 Teterlorow of the fomond Fami- 
 ly, was the more inclined to pay 
 any civility to his Lordfhip. 
 
 He came., with ibme of the 
 principal Otficers of the Sfani/b 
 Forces to the place where his 
 
 O T t 
 
 S i Lord-
 
 a6o Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 Lordfhip receiv'd hirri, as the 
 nioft proper to make an advanta- 
 gious (hew of his ftrength : and 
 after he was entertain'd upon a 
 fubjeft which had no effedt, my 
 Lord's fecond defign was more fuc- 
 cefsful. It was not improper 
 for my Lord to offer the moft 
 preffing motives to encline him 
 to take part with King Charleslll. 
 and to fupport them with the 
 greateft offers ; which were re- 
 fus'd upon the Principles of Ho- 
 nour , and the impoffibility of 
 leaving a fervice to which he was 
 engag'd , for any advantages. 
 But as all paft with great Com- 
 pliments , the Earl of Teterlo- 
 row, to Ihew how fenfible he was 
 of his confidence in coming to 
 him ^ told him, That he was 
 willing to return his marks' of 
 Efteem, with what he conceiv'd 
 he would be well pleafed with, 
 
 and 

 
 Campagne of Va lencia . 261 
 
 and which might prevent like- 
 wife fome unavoidable Cruelties 
 very much againft his Inclina- 
 tion. 4 The Spaniards, fays he^ 
 4 have us'd fuch feverities and 
 4 cruelties at Villa Real> as will 
 4 oblige me to retaliate. I am 
 4 willing to fpare a Town, that 
 ' is under your Protection: I 
 4 know you cannot pretend to 
 4 defend it with the Horfe you 
 ' have ; which will be fo much 
 4 more ufeful in another place, 
 4 if join'd with the Duke of Ar~ 
 4 cos to obftrud my paffing the 
 4 Plains of Valencia. I am con- 
 4 fident, you will foon quit Md~ 
 4 viedro ; which I can as little 
 4 prevent, as you can hinder me 
 4 from taking the Town. The 
 4 Inhabitants then muft be ex- 
 4 pos'd to the utmoft Miferies ; 
 f and I can no other wife pre- 
 4 vent it , but by being ty'd by 
 S 3 a
 
 Camyagne of Valencia* 
 
 1 a Capitulation ; which I am 
 c willing to give you, if I had 
 c the pretence of the immediate 
 c furrender of the place this very 
 c night. Some cafes are fo ap- 
 c parent, that I need not diffem- 
 - ble : I know you will imme- 
 f diately fend to the Duke of 
 '* Arcos to march to the Cartbu~ 
 4 fian Convent, and meet him 
 c there with the body of Horfe 
 f under your Command. My 
 Lord, with a pretended frankriefs 
 offer'd him, if hepleas'd,. to let him 
 fee his Troops, and the Artillery 
 which he had; and befides told him 
 what he could bring from the Sea. 
 Mahant feem'd almoft to con- 
 fefs, that his part was to ftrength- 
 en the Duke of * Areas with his 
 Horfe, and laughing, faid to my 
 Lord, ; I may fay fo to your Lord- 
 fhip ; who is fenlible of it, but 
 cannot prevent it. The Brigadier 
 
 how-
 
 Camfagne of Valencia. 
 
 however feem'd to be very well 
 pleas'd with my Lord's opennefs, 
 and told his Lordfhip, he would 
 go back into the Town, and fend 
 an ani'wer in half an hour. The 
 Capitulation was agreed upon > 
 and the anfwer came by the chief 
 of the Sfanifb Officers; with 
 whom my Lord had occafiori to 
 talk and to feel his Pulle, but 
 finding no probability of prevail- 
 ing on him to change fides, he 
 contriv'd all lie could (and not 
 without fucceis) to give him jea* 
 loulies of Mahom. 
 
 Mahoni, (who of his fide ma- 
 nag'd this matter with a great 
 deal of Dexterity, and very much 
 like an Officer, had his advices 
 been follow'd) in his Capitulation 
 had agreed not to quit the place 
 till about one at night, neither 
 was the Earl of Vetertorowjtopafe 
 the River,, till that hour. This 
 84 was
 
 264 Campagne of Valencia, 
 
 was to get time for the Duke of 
 Arcos to have made the march 
 to the Plains, and the Brigadier 
 ^llow'd himfelf the time before 
 day break to have gain'd the 
 fame Poft. But the Earl of "Peter* 
 loroiv fo encreas'd' the jealouiy 
 betwixt the Sfanifi Officers and 
 Maboni y that the latter was 
 forp'd to fend to my Lord, to let 
 him know, that his Lordfhip 
 was oblig'd in honour to the 
 moft fincere and punctual com- 
 pliance, with his Capitulation,and 
 confefs'd to him that he was in 
 clanger from the S^anifh Troops, 
 even for his Peiibn, if there 
 were apt the greateft affurances 
 nd evidences given of the per- 
 formance of his Word. 
 
 I;^m 'fatjsfied nothing would 
 have engagM the Earl of Teterfa*- 
 
 j .- . . ? V ** 3 CJ x 
 
 row to the leaft breach of faith ; 
 lior could any co.nfideration have 
 
 ' ."',' * > t?" - \^<^- ', i 
 
 ^ 
 % 4
 
 of Valencia. 265 
 
 juftified his Lordfhip in going 
 over the pafs of the River, till 
 the appointed time ; the Ene- 
 my upon agreement having with- 
 drawn their Dragoons, which 
 defended the Intrenchments on 
 the other fide. But my Lord 
 having over-heard the neighing 
 of Horfes in the night, took 
 it for granted, that fome part of 
 the Troops had evacuated the 
 Town; and that if the noife 
 of Firing was heard, it might 
 caufe a jealoufie, that they were 
 attack'd ; and fo produce the 
 defir'd effefts of his plot upon 
 the Duke of Arcos, if any of 
 the Spani/b Officers (hould arrive 
 in the Enemies Camp, perfiia^ 
 ded of an ill defign in fiiahoni. 
 Upon this, my Lord order'd a 
 party of Men a little up the 
 River, with directions to make 
 difcharges, that might refemble 
 
 an
 
 ' . 
 
 366 Campagne of Va len cia . 
 
 an Engagement of fmall parties. 
 Makoni lent immediately to my 
 Lord to let him know, that 
 whatever Umbrage was given, he 
 depended upon his word, and 
 would never believe, there could 
 be of his fide any foul play. 
 
 Mahoni was fo prefled, that 
 many of his Officers folicited 
 his immediate march , but his 
 aim was not to move till one 
 a Clock, to give time to the 
 Duk^ of Af cos ; and the point 
 my Lord was labouring, was 
 to improve the iufpicions and 
 jealoufies of the Spaniards. He 
 thought the MefTage from M.a* 
 boni gave him a good occafiod; 
 and therefore fent back an Of* 
 ficer with this feeming compli* 
 nient, which fucceeded to his 
 wifh, and entirely accoinpliffrd 
 what he aim'd at. 
 
 My
 
 0f Valencia. 267 
 
 My Lcrd beg'd of Mahoni^ 
 to content, that for his Secu- 
 rity from any Accident, he might 
 order a Regiment of Dragoons 
 to pafs the River, and wait 
 the hour appointed, under the 
 walls of the town j that his own 
 Officers might accompany them, 
 and fend them to the proper 
 place ; his Lordfhip having or- 
 der'd two thirds of the Officers 
 to come into the town, and put 
 themielves into his hands, as 
 Hoftages for the exad and ho- 
 nourable performance of all Ar- 
 ticles. 
 
 Upon the march of thefe 
 troops towards the town," moft 
 of the Sfanifl Officers, with 
 the detachments they command- 
 ed, marched feparately towards 
 the Duke of Arcos ; and fome left 
 their men, to give their General 
 an account of what had paft. 
 
 My
 
 o 6 8 C amfagne of Va lencia . 
 
 My Lord, as his Officers con- 
 ceiv'd, had two infuperable dif- 
 ficulties : the one, to get poflef- 
 lion of Molviedro, and fecure the 
 pafs on the River ; the other, to 
 pafs the two leagues of the Plains, 
 which were betwixt jVldviedro 
 and Valencia, before fo good and 
 fo ftrong a body of Horfe. My 
 Lord was in hopes, if he fuc~ 
 ceeded in one, to compafs the 
 other : and to that end, as foon 
 as he found the treaty in a fair 
 way, he chofe two Iri/b Dra- 
 goons out of Zinzcndorfs Regi- 
 ment, which he well 'inftrufied 
 and well paid, and fent immedi- 
 ately as Deferters to the Duke of 
 Arcos. He promifed to make 
 them Officers, if they fucceeded : 
 which was punctually made good 
 to one, who well had deferv'd it ; 
 the other dying foon after his 
 return. 
 
 They
 
 Cdmpagne of Valencia. 
 
 They were to difcover to the 
 Duke of Arcos, That being hid 
 under the rocks of the hill, 
 where they were drinking a Glafs 
 of Wine, they had hear'd all the 
 difcourfe betwixt the Earl and 
 Maboni : that they faw five thou- 
 fand Piftoles delivered, and, that 
 J\4aboni was to be a Major-General 
 upon the EngUJh and Sfanifh Efta- 
 blifhment, and to command a bo-< 
 dy of ten thoufand Irifh Catho- 
 licks, which were raifing for the 
 iervice of King Charles. They 
 agreed with the Duke of Arco* 
 to have no reward, if he were 
 not foon made fenfible of the 
 truth of what they faid, by Ma- 
 boni himfelf .* fince they were per^ 
 iuaded that he would foon fend 
 to engage the Duke of Arcos, to 
 march immediately with the 
 whole Army towards rhe.Car- 
 thtfian Convent , under pretence 
 
 of
 
 2^o Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 of joining with his Horfe, in or^ 
 der to prevent the Earl of Te~ 
 terlorow from pafling the Plains 
 of Molviedro : but that, whereas 
 this march muft be made in the 
 night, all matters were ib agreed 
 and contriv'd betwixt the Earl 
 and jMaboni, and the troops fo 
 placed, that he muft fall into the 
 ambufhes dellgned, and run great 
 hazards of an entire defeat. 
 
 It fell out, that loon after thefe 
 Spies had given this account to 
 the Duke of Arcos , Mabonfs 
 j$id de Camp) arriv'd with Pro- 
 pofals exaftly to the fame pur- 
 pole ; the Spamfi General (whole 
 iufpicions were confirm'd by the 
 jealoufies, the Earl of Tetertorow 
 had rais'd, in feveral of the Spa* 
 nifh Officers, that were come from 
 Molviedro to him) inftead af 
 complying with the immediate 
 march propoied by Mahom, re- 
 mo v'd
 
 Camfagne of Valencia. 
 
 movd his Camp quite the 
 contrary way. Mahoni with 
 his horfe expefted the v/hole Ar^ 
 my at the Carthujlan Convent, till 
 the approach of the Earl of 5P^ 
 teriorow made him retire to the 
 Duke of Arcos*$ Camp: as foon 
 as he arrived, he was fecur'd by 
 that General, and fent to Ma* 
 drid. 1 muft add here, that 
 when Mahoni came to tell his Sto- 
 ry at Court, he was made a Ma- 
 jor-General, and the Duke of 
 Arcos was recall'd. 
 
 Thus you have the account of 
 perhaps as remarkable an A&ion 
 as everhappen'd; a whole King- 
 dom gain'd with fuch inferior 
 Forces, almoft without any, and 
 without a blow. His Lordfliip 
 palled the Plains, without the 
 tight of an Enemy, to the Car* 
 tbufian Convent ; after which he 
 was fecure of entring into Valen~ 
 
 da,
 
 1 7 s Camfagne ^Valencia. 
 
 tf, without thepoffibility of op- 
 pofition. 
 
 What a reception ray Lord 
 met with there, may be guefs'd 
 by the extremities they were in. 
 I will only fay, perhaps nothing 
 was ever equal to this univerfal 
 joy: it was all extravagant tumul- 
 tuous Tranfport. Whole bodies 
 of Priefts and Fryars, in their 
 feveral habits, were Regimented, 
 and drawn up under Arms to re- 
 ceive him ; and his Lordfhip ne- 
 ver fail'd to return the higheft 
 civilities to 9 and improve his Inte- 
 reft with the Church. 
 
 After this unexpected entry 
 into Valencia^ when, moft were 
 full of thoughts of Triumph and 
 Conqueft, my Lord was very fen~ 
 iible of his almoft defperate con- 
 dition: which however was to 
 be diflembled to the Vdencmns. 
 His Lordfhip had little above 
 
 three
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 27^ 
 
 three thoufand Men in Valencia, 
 where there was neither provi> 
 fions for a Siege, nor Powder to 
 make any defence withal j the 
 Enemy were ieven thoufand near 
 the Town ; there were four 
 thoufand more Caftillians at Fuen- 
 te de Higuera, within I 5 leagues 
 of it, coming to join theConde de 
 la* Torres, who was nowreturn'd 
 with Mahonl to the Command of 
 the Army. At the fame time the 
 Marfhal de Teffe was with ten 
 thoufand Men at Madrid, with 
 intentions to come to befiege T 7 ^- 
 lencia; which muft have prefently | 
 fubmitted, and fav'd him the dif- 
 grace he met with foon after at 
 Barcelona. And my Lord had ad- 
 vice of tixteea 24. Pounders being 
 fhip'd at Allc&nt in a Genoefe Vef- 
 fel, in order to be brought for the 
 Siege of ^ale-ncia. 
 
 -' 
 T To 
 
 '
 
 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 To prevent the Storm that 
 threatened faleticia^ it was neceffa- 
 iy, as well to difperfe the four 
 thoufand Men at vtitittc de Higue- 
 r&, before they could join the 
 main Army, as to take from the 
 Enemy the Artillery and Ammu- 
 nition, with which they intend- 
 ed to carry on their Siege, and 
 which was wanting to make a de- 
 fence in Valencia. The Earl of 
 Peterborow found th$ happy me- 
 thods to difappoint the Enemy, in 
 intercepting the 1 6 battering pie- 
 ces of their Brafs Cannon with all 
 warlike Stores in proportion. The 
 other attempt was equally requi- 
 fite, but more difficult .* fince the 
 Condede lab Torres was betwixt the 
 Troops, that were come from Cap- 
 He, and the Earl of Yeterkorow, and 
 my Lord's Forces, defign'd againft 
 this Caftilian reinforcement, were 
 to pals and repafs the River Xu- 
 
 car,
 
 of Valencia. 
 
 c<*r,near the Enemies Army. How* 
 ever the Valencians were witneffes of 
 his Lordfhips Zeal, Diligence,and 
 Succefs: and they hardly knew 
 their Danger, till they f*w fix 
 hundred of the Caftilians brought 
 into their City ; the whole bo- 
 dy of them being beaten be-? 
 yond the Conde de la& Torres Ar*- 
 my at faente de Higuera, by 
 four hundred of our Horfe 
 and eight hundred Foot, which 
 pafs'd in t!\e night near three thou- 
 land Horfe of the Enemy, and 
 returned back in fafety with 
 their prifoners to Valencia. 
 
 The Conde de las Torres, after 
 this, defpairing of any fuccefs 
 again ft Valencia, form'd a defign 
 upon Alcira and Sueca \ two 
 Towns upon the River Xucar, 
 about five leagues from Valencia. 
 Upon taking thefe places,- the 
 bridge over the River at Culle- 
 T i r*
 
 276 Campagne of Valencia. 
 
 ra would have been in his 
 Power ; and Valencia would have 
 been depriv'd of two thirds of 
 the Provifions, with which it 
 us'd to be fupplied. So perfect 
 intelligence the Earl of Teterlorow 
 had of the Enemies motions and 
 defigns, that he flung fome 
 Men into Sueca^ and lent an 
 Officer to Attira, who prevent- 
 ed the Enemy only by half an 
 hour. 
 
 His Lordfhip put in Sueca ^nd 
 Alcira about five hundred Englift^ 
 and about fix hundred Spani/h 
 Foot, and four hundred Sfam/k 
 Hotfe ; and foon after laid a de^ 
 fign,which muft unavoidably have 
 given the Conde de IM "Torres** Ar- 
 my an entire defeat, had it not 
 fail'd merely by "the fcandalous 
 Cowardice of the Spaniards. For 
 the Copdc^ having his body divided 
 for conveuiency of Quarters, and 
 
 not
 
 Camfagne of Valencia. 177 
 
 not apprehending to be attacked 
 at five leagues diftance from Va- 
 lencia, by a force fo much inferior: 
 My Lord ordered the Spam/b de- 
 tachment of fix hundred Foot 
 and four hundred Horfe, to march 
 in the night to furprize one of 
 their Quarters, and at the fame 
 time march'd with fome Troops 
 himfelf : they had about two En~ 
 gli/b miles to march, and my Lord 
 fifteen. The march on both fides 
 was perform'd with fo much fe- 
 crefie, that the Enemy had not 
 the lead notice of it, till our 
 Troops were very near ; but an 
 accidental party of twenty Horfe^ 
 frighted all the Spanift body of a 
 thoufand, who were put into fuch 
 diforder, that they killed many of 
 their own men, in running back 
 to the place from whence they 
 came. However, the Earl of Te- 
 teriorow advanced within a mile 
 
 Of
 
 178 Ctmffrgne of Valencia. 
 
 of the Enemies Army, and re* 
 treated five leagues without the 
 lead lofs. 
 
 Thus we have run thro' a 
 Campagne, which perhaps, in re- 
 gard to the methods that were 
 taken, and the fuccefs that *at* 
 tended them, has not its Parallel 
 in any hiftory. And if the World 
 has a mind to be fatisfied^why his 
 Lordfliip was fo muchfavour'd by 
 fortune, it was becaufe he never 
 depended on her, or upon other 
 people. Aud I believe he is the 
 only General, who can fay, That 
 in two Campagnes he fcarce ever 
 , fent a Party of thirty horfe upon 
 any acHpn, without going in raff 
 fon witn them, Happy was it for 
 him arid the publick, that his con- 
 ftitution cou'd allow him to be fo 
 ferviceable to him (elf in a Coun- 
 try, where fometimes his Officers 
 were lefs capabje of ferving him, 
 
 whea
 
 Camfctgne of Valencia. 279 
 
 when there was occafion for the 
 Language, tho' they all made him 
 large amends with their Swords, 
 And I muft here do that juttice to 
 our Gallant Countrymen, as to 
 fay, That perhaps there never 
 was a fervice, where Officers 
 endur'd more fatigues and hard- 
 fhips, or gave greater proofs 'of 
 Spirit, Refolution, and Courage, 
 than they did, from the fortunate 
 taking of Barcelona^ to the fatal 
 Battle of Almanfa. 
 
 The bounds I have fet to my 
 felf in thefe fhort Memoirs, 
 won't let me follow his Lord* 
 ship further in the glorious pro- 
 grefs* of his Arms : 'tis a icene 
 indeed of fuch a fruitful and a* 
 greeable variety, as wou'd aiford 
 great pleafure to me , and no 
 lets entertainment to the Rea- 
 der. Nor cou'd I deny my felf 
 the fatisfa&ion of dwelling Ion- 
 
 D
 
 280 Camfagne of Valencia '. 
 
 ger upon ib inviting a fubjed ;- 
 had I not reafon to expeft, that 
 fome abler Pen will deliver down 
 to Pofterity, a Hiftory of Revo> 
 lutions fo extraordinary, and fa 
 much for the honour of the En- 
 glift Nation. 
 
 
 > 
 
 oi or .. . t h y 
 
 A Journey from Aleppo to Jerufalem 
 at Ej/fr, A. D. 1697. thefecond 
 Edition* In which the Corrections 
 and Additions which were fent by the 
 Author after the Book was Printed off, 
 are inferred in the Body of the Book, 
 in their proper places, By Hen. M&un. 
 dreli) D. B. ^ate Fellow of Exeter Col- 
 lege, Oxon^ and Chaplain to the Fafto- 
 ry at Aleppo. Oxford, Printed at the' 
 Theater, and for Jonah Boivyer , at 
 the Ro/e in Ludgate-ftreet near St. P^/*s 
 Church, 1708. Price 3 s. 6 d. 
 ' '.Note, There's a fmall number Printed 
 on large Paper for fuch Gentlemen as arr 
 Curious, Price J/.
 
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