• y ^IfxattiitvWtenvv %va\axtf. POETICAL SKETCHES SCAEBOEOUGH 1813 • PUBLISHER" S NOTE. This Large Paper Edition is limited to 60 Copies numbered, and type distrihiited. No...r.^u J. Green del. y/iDO\jv Pucker & f^ER J^vmphs ^, .. ^. . ^ J^..v^ ih^.r-y\^^XLjyZ POETICAL SKETCHES SCARBOROUGH IN 1813 ILLUSTRATED BY TWENTY-ONE PLATES OF HUMOROUS SUBJECTS COLOURED BY HAND /tnni (Original BEsigns MADE UPON THE SPOT BY J. GREEN AND ETCHED BY T. ROWLANDSON DRIFFIELD: FRANK FAWCBTT. 1893 WITH SENTIMENTS OF GRATEFUL RESPECT FOR HIS VALUABLE ASSISTANCE, THIS WORK IS INSCRIBED TO THE REV. FRANCIS WRANGHAM, M.A., F.R.8., VICAR OF HUNMANBY, NEAR SCARBOROUGH, BY HIS MUCH OBLIGED, HUMBLE SERVANT, JAMES GREEN. 708 PUBLISHER'S PREFACE. THE present work is a fac-simile in reprint of a book published in the first quarter of the present century, when the pleasures of watering-places were only attain- able by the privileged few. It is unique as a poetical and pictorial expose of the manners, customs and amuse- ments, of the opulent, the gay and the infirm, who frequented Scarborough; when George the Third was King; and when as yet the stage-coach was the most potent factor in the way of locomotion. The original publication ran through several editions, and the one here reproduced, is a replica of the annotated edition of 1813, with its historical prelude. The coloured plates bear the unmis- takable impress of the hand of Thomas Rowlandson. This is strikingly apparent in the representation of the Venerable Arch- deacon Wrangham in the ball-room plate, Publishe*' s Preface. which curiously resembles the celebrated figure of Doctor Syntax. Apart from the illustrations — and here we must not ignore the excellent initial work of J. Green — there is a remarkable trinity of talent embodied in the letterpress, in the names of Wranghani, Papworth and Combe. Archdeacon Wrangham — the scholar, the country parson and the gentleman. J. B. Papworth —no less cultured; with a pen equally facile in descriptive verse; and William Combe — of Doctor Syntax fame — the English Le Sage, and the most varied and voluminous writer of any age. Tliese were the prominent dramatis personce who in collaboration, formed the syndicate which resulted in the production of " Poetical Sketches of Scarborough," in 1813. ADVERTISEMENT. THE originals of the plates introduced into this volume were sketches made as souvenirs of the place during a visit to Scarborough in the season of 1812. They were not intended for pub- lication, but being found to interest many per- sons of taste, several of whom expressed a desire to possess engravings of them; and some gentle- men having offered to add metrical illustrations to each, the present form of publication was adopted. The kind reception which the first edition of the POETIC SKETCHES met with from the public demands the best acknowledgments of the parties who produced them : — by correcting the errors occurring from the haste icith which the volume was written, an attempt has been made to render the present edition someivhat more ivorthy of the Library. CONTENTS. SOME ACCOUNT OF SCARBOROUGH. paob THE STAGE COACH AND ARRIVAL... I BREAKFAST ROOM I5 SPA WELLS 25 SPA TERRACE 33 SHOE SHOP 43 CASTLE AND NORTH SHORE 53 WARM BATH 73 CORNELIAN PARTY 85 SEA BATHING IO5 THE DRIVE 113 CHURCH AND CHURCH YARD I 23 SHOWER BATH 133 LIBRARY 141 PROMENADE 15 I THEATRE 159 STAGE, (A FRAGMENT) I 65 BALL ROOM 1 69 TERRACE STEPS 177 WATER PARTY 185 • POST OFFICE 197 DEPARTURE 207 SOME ACCOUNT OF SCARBOROUGH. ScARBOROTJOH, about 214 miles distant from London and 40 from York, is situated in the south- east corner of the North-Riding of Yorkshire, at the bottom of a beautiful bay, from which it rises in the form of a crescent, on a slope of a bald and varied shore, presenting several points of great elevation. — It is sheltered on the north-east by a lofty and preci- pitous rock surrounded by the sea, except on the west side. This rock contains on it's summit a level area of nineteen acres, on which stand the ruins of the castle. The town is well built, but from if s ro- mantic situation, regularity cannot be expected. The principal streets of the upper town ai'e spacious and handsome, particularly Queen Street, Long Room Street, and Newborough. The latter, which may be considei-ed as the main or high street, is about 1000 feet in length, 50 wide, and has on each side an excellent flagged pavement 9 feet broad. In regard to beauty of situation, the New Buildingson the a U SOME ACCOUNT OF SCARBOROUGH. Cliff stand unrivalled. As lodging-houses, for which purpose they were originally built, they are commo- dious and elegant, and in summer are agreeably re- freshed by the breezes from the sea. The terrace, in front, elevated near 100 feet above the level of the sands, commands a variety of delightful prospects. — According to the enumeration of 1811, Scarborough contains 6570 resident inhabitants. How long this town has enjoyed the privileges of a Corporation is not known : the first charter extant was granted by Henry II. in 1181; but the muni- cipal constitution has frequently been changed. The corporate body has, since the accession of William III., consisted of two bailiffs, a recorder, two coroners, four chamberlains, and 36 common - council-men. The Duke of Rutland is the present recorder. In 11 Edward 1. 1282, Scarborough first began to exercise the right of returning two members to serve in Parliament. By a decision of the House of Com- mons, in April 1736, it was determined that the right of election belongs exclusively to the Corporation. The present members are the Hon. General Edward Phipps, and the Right Hon. Charles Manners Sutton. Scarborough is considered, by most writers, as a place of great antiquity; and, from it's name, which signifies "the Town on the Cliff"," is thought to have been known to the Saxons, if not also to their Roman SOME ACCOONT OF SCARBOROUaH. Ill predecessors. This conjecture, however, but ill a- grees with the silence of Domesday Book, in which record no mention is made of this place; but to ac- count for that circumstance, it has been suggested that the ravages of the Danes, the destructive con- tests of the Northumbrian princes, and the vindictive policy of William the Conqueror, who laid waste a great part of Yorkshire, might then have reduced it to a miserable state of obscurity. As a town, Scarborough is little known in history, except so far as it was connected with it's Castle built in the reign of King Stephen, (about 1136) by William le Gros, Earl of Albemarle and Holderness. The prin- cipal events relating to this edifice are recapitulated in a distinct Canto of the following Poem. The pre- sent remains afford but a faint idea of the ancient strength of this important fortress, which was proved in several memorable sieges. It was, nevertheless, taken during the reign of Queen Mary, in a manner that gave rise to a proverbial expression still com- monly used in the neighbourhood: "Scarborough warning; a word and a blow, but the blow first!" — In 1553, Mr. Thomas Stafford, second son of Lord Stafford, having Joined the party of Sir Thomas Wyatt, the Duke of Suffolk, and other insurgents against the authority of the Queen, formed a plan for surprising the Castle. He repaired to the town on a market-day, and under the most unsuspicious appearances, was permitted to enter the fortress iV SOME ACCOUNT OF SCARBOROUGH. where he strolled about with a careless air, as if mere- ly to gratify curiosity. About thirty of his followers disguised as peasants, with market-baskets on their arms, also gained admittance; and selecting a fa- vourable opportunity, secured all the sentinels at the same moment, seized the gate, and admitted their re- maining companions, who under the exterior garb of countrymen had concealed arms. Short, however, was the triumph of Mr. Stafford, who retained pos- session of the Castle only three days, when it was re- ' covered by the Earl of Westmoreland with a consi- derable force. The leader of the insurgents, with four others was sent to London, where being arraign- ed and convicted of high treason, he was beheaded. During the civil wars under Charles I. Scarborough sustained two sieges from the parliamentary forces. The first of these, which lasted a whole j'ear, was not less remarkable for the gallant defence made by the governor Sir Hugh Cholmley, than for the heroic spirit displayed by his lady, "who," we are told, " would not " forsake him; but, determined on facing all danger, " continued with him the twelve months during the " siege of the town and castle. She endured much " hardship, yet with little show of trouble; and in " the greatest danger would never be daunted, but " showed a courage above her sex." She was inde- fatigable in her attentions to the sick ; "and when " Sir John Meldrum (who commanded the besiegers) " had sent propositions to Sir Hugh, with menaces SOME ACCOUNT OF SCARBOROUGH. V " that if they were not accepted, he would that night " be master of all the works and castle, and in case " one of his men's blood was shed would not give " quarter to man or woman, but put all to the sword; " Lady Oholmley, conceiving Sir Hugh would more " relent therein, in respect of her being there, " came to him and prayed him, that he would not, " for any consideration of her, do aught which might " be prejudicial to his own honour or the king's af- " fairs." Her enthusiasm was not shared by the other females in the town, who according to a Hala- tion of tlie Surrender, "could hardly be kept from " stoning Sir Hugh." It appears that in 1666, many prisoners of state were confined here. Among them was George Fox, the celebrated founder of the sect of the Quakers, who in his Memoirs speaks of three different rooms in which he was imprisoned. One of them looked toward the sea, and "laying much open, the wind " drove in the rain forcibly, so that the water came " over his bed and ran about the room, so that he was " fain to skim it up with a platter." In enumerat- ing his sufferings and persecutions he states, that "a "three-penny loaf lasted him three weeks, and some- " times longer; and most of his drink was water, " with wormwood steeped in it." The ravages of time, and two destructive sieges, reduced this fortress to little better than a mass of Tl SOME ACCOUNT OP SCARBOROUGH. ruins; and it lay iu a neglected state till the rebel- lion in 1745, when it was hastily put into temporary repair, so as merely to prevent a surprise, and made a depot for military stores. The following year the present barracks contiguous to the castle-wall, capa- ble of accommodating 120 men besides officers, were built. At the same time a battery of twelve eighteen-pounders was erected on the declivity of the hill facing the haven; and lest the firing of the guns should bring down the lofty but ruined Charles' tower, which stood on the projecting angle above, it was wholly demolished. Of four monasteries and two hospitals, formerly existing at Scarborough, no vestiges worthy of notice remain, except part of the church of St. Mary, which originally belonged to a convent of White or Carmelite friars, founded by Edward II. and sup- pressed by Henry V. It was afterwards converted into a parish church, and is now the only edifice in the town for divine worship according to the rites of the Church of England. During the first siege of the Castle under Charles I., the besiegers made a lodgment in this church, which was then very exten- seusive, and it's lofty towers enabled them greatly to annoy the garrison, who however returned their fire with such vigour and judgment, as soon obliged the enemy to abandon their post : but the edifice suf- fered much on this occasion. From the preamble to a brief obtained 12 Charles II. 1660, for rebuilding SOME ACCOUNT OP SCARBOROUGH. Vll this church, it appears that during this siege, "two " very fair churches were by the violence of cannon "beaten down; and that in one day there were " threescore pieces of ordnance discharged against " the steeple of the upper church of St. Mary, and " the choir thereof quite beaten down, and the stee- "ple thereof so shaken that notwithstanding theen- " deavours of the inhabitants to repair the same, the " steeple and the bells on the 10th day of October " last fell, and brought down with it most part of the "same church." By the assistance of the brief, and other contributions, part of the body of the church and the tower, which now stands at the east end, were built in 1669 on the foundations and ruins of the old fabric. The other church, destroyed by the fire from the castle, during the siege, was that of St. Thomas, which had been converted into a magazine by the forces of the parliament. The town abounds with Dissenters; Presbyterians, Quakers, Baptists, Methodists, and Roman Catho- lics; all of whom have their respective places for religious worship. The attractions which Scarborough presents to the invalid, are two-fold: namely, it's mineral waters and sea-bathing. The properties of the former were dis- covered about the year 1 620 by a lady resident in this town, and the waters have ever since been held in high estimation. The Spa is pleasantly situated viii SOME ACCOUNT OP SCARBOROtJaH. on the sea shore at the foot of the cliffs, a little to the south of the town, aud consists of two wells, one of which is more purgative and the other more chaly- beate. The former, commonly called the Scarborough Water, contains in a gallon 52 grains of calcareous earth, 2 of ochre, and 266 of vitriolated magnesia. The chalybeate has, in the same quantity of water, 70 grains of calcareous earth, 139 of vitriolated mag- nesia, and 1 1 of marine salt. When these waters are poured from one glass into another, they throw up a numberof bubbles which shows that they contain much fixed air. At the fountain they have both a brisk pungent chalybeate taste, but the purgative is also somewhat bitter. From two to four half pints is the quantity usually drunk. They have been found par- ticularly beneficial in hectic fevers, weakness of the stomach, and indigestion; in relaxations of the sys- tem; in nervous, hysteric, and hypochondriac disorders; in scurvy, asthmatic complaints, habitual costiveness, and sexual indispositions. In December 1737, this celebrated Spa was lost for a time by a singular incident. It is situated fronting the sea to the east, under a high cliff, the top of which is 51 yards above the high-water level. The staith or wharf projecting before the Spa-house was a mass of stones bound by timbers, and forming a fence for the security of the building. It was 76 feet long, 14 high, and in weight by computation 2463 tons. On Wednesday, December 28th, in the SOME ACCOUNT OF SCARBOROUGH. IX morning, a great crack was beard from the cellar of the Spa-housej and upon search the cellar was found to be rent, but no farther notice was then taken of the circumstance. The night following, another crack was heard, and next day between two and three in the afternoon a third ; when the top of the Cliff behind it rent 224 yards in length and 36 in breadth, and was all in motion, slowly descending and so continued till dark. The ground thus rent contained about an acre of pasture-land, and had Kittle then feeding upon it, but had sunk nearly 1 7 yards perpendicular. The sides of the Cliff nearest to the Spa stood as before, but were rent and broken in many places, and forced forward to the sea about 20 yards. The ground, thus sunk, lay upon a level . and next morning the cattle were still feeding upon it, the main land forming a wall on the west, and some part of the side of the Cliff a wall on the east; but the whole exhibited such a scene of confusion as could scarcely be described. As the ground sunk, the earth or sand under the Cliff for above one hundred yards in length on each side of the staith rose in some places six, in others seven yards above it's former level. ' The Spa-wells rose with it, but the water ceased running. Fortu- nately for the town after a diligent search, when the ruins had been cleared away, the spring was again found, and on trial it appeared that the water was rather improved than injured by the accident. b X SOME ACCOUNT OF SCARBOROUGH. The present building was erected in 1739, at the expense of the Corporation. Here a person under the name of Governor resides during the season, to superintend the accommodations provided for the company, and receive the subscription of Is. &d. from each person, one-third of which is appropri- ated to the women who serve the waters, and the rest to the Corporation, toward defraying the ex- pense of the house, platform, and walk. The shore, being a fine hard sand, is consequently well adapted for bathing; and at low water is, also, much frequented for walking and riding. The num- ber of bathing-machines kept here is about forty, the regular charge for which is one shilling each time, but at your departure the attendants expect a gratu- ity nearly equal to the whole sum paid to their masters. The sudden tides, and short breakings of the sea, which often come with great impetuosity, render it adviseable to employ guides and machines. On the Cliff are two commodious suites of rooms for warm sea-water bathing, both established by sur- geons of the town; and, in 1812, a General Sea- Bathing Infirmary was instituted upon the plan of that at Margate, for the benefit of the diseased poor. Scarborough possesses as many sources of amuse- ment, as are to be met with in the generality of simi- SOME ACCOUNT OF SCABBOBODQH. XI lar places of public resort. The Assembly Room in Long-Room Street, is not distinguished either for beauty or elegance; but it is commodious, and suffi- cient for the reception of a large company. It is open for dancing on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fri- days; subscribers paying one guinea for the season, and non-subscribers five shillings each night. The Theatre is very neat, the performance in general well executed, and the scenic decorations are much admired. — The Circulating Libraries, for a very moderate subscription contribute to furnish a pleas- ng variety of rational entertainment. Fishing, as well as sailing, may be reckoned among the amusements of the visitors to Scarborough. The apparatus for fishing in the sea, with proper attend- ants, may readily be procured: but to such as pre- fer angling, the river Derwent, a mile from the town, pi'esents a favourable opportunity. Exercise, that grand specific against numberless disorders may be enjoyed at Scarborough in almost any weather. After the heaviest showers, the flag- ged pavements and the gravel walks on the Cliff are dry in a few minutes; and the sands to the north and south of the town afford abundant opportunity for riding, driving, and walking. The south sands are most frequented on account of the Spa, their proximity to the best part of the town, and their fa- cility of access: but those who love quiet and medi- Xll SOME ACCOUNT OP SCAEBOEOUGH. tation will probably prefer the north sands, where the view of the Castle is highly pleasing and im- pressive. A considerable addition has recently been made to the accommodations for public exercise, by the en- closure of Weaponness Hill, or Mount Oliver; round which has been made a driving road wind- ing to a fine level plain on it's summit, which com- mands a very extensive view. This hill is situated a little to the south-west of the town, which it over- looks, and received the latter appellation from a mistaken notion that Cromwell here erected batteries against the Castle during the siege in 1644-5. Not far from the Town-gate, which is used as a prison, is a spacious ornamental garden, where such as choose to subscribe may enjoy an agreeable walk during the season at a trifling expense. Pearson's garden also, at Falsgrave, a small hamlet at the dis- tance of about a ipile, commands some beautiful views of the sea, the castle, and the vicinity. The rocks and shores are capable of affording ample gratification to the naturalist. The variety of sea-weed, corallines, pebbles, and petrifactions which they furnish is very considerable ; but persons, who prefer a less fatiguing mode of collecting, may purchase very good specimens at the shops in the town. SOME ACCOUNT OF SCARBOROUGH. XIU The original pier at Scarborough was of very an- cient construction; but it's date cannot be precisely ascertained. A new one now erecting, and of which about 40 feet are finished every year, will be upward of 1240 feet in length. Many of the stones em- ployed in this work weigh 20 or 30 tons each : they are procured from the quarry of White Nabb^ an opposite point about two miles to the south of the harbour. This quarry is a great natural curiosity, the strata lying as regularly as if artificially deposited, in order to their being taken up and applied with greater facility. Among the charitable institutions of this town are several schools for the education of poor children. The Amicable Society, instituted in 1 729, consists of 250 members, under whose auspices 37 boys and 22 girls receive instruction. In the Spinning School, 20 girls are educated and clcthed. The School of Industry is not only supported like the preceding, but superintended by the Ladies of Scarborough. Lastly, the Lancasterian School erected in 1810, near the North-cliff, is capable of accommodating 450 children. On an airy hill on the road to Peasholme stands an Hospital for the relief of aged and disabled sea- men, which is an appendage to, and under the go- vernment of the Trinity House, London. It's funds arise from a rate on ships belonging to the Port, XIV SOME ACCOUNT OP SCAKBOEO0OH. and a deduction of six-pence per month from the pay of each of their hands. Scarborough has some foriegn trade, and builds a considerable number of ships, many of which are now chartered to government; and others are em- ployed in the East and West-India, coasting, and coal trades. Considerable quantities of corn, pota- toes, dried fish, and other articles of commerce are exported coast-wise. Here are likewise a sail-cloth manufactory, and three rope-walks. The fishery affords employment, as iriight natural- ly be expected, to many of the industrious inhabi- tants. The fishermen of this place are, perhaps, not more superstitious than those of other towns on our coast; but it is remarked of them, that when pro- ceeding to sea on their usual business, they will not upon any account, utter a single word. All their preparations therefore, as well as the embarkation, are carried on with the most profound silence aud gravity. Significant signs alone express whatever is necessary; and this pantomime does not terminate till they arrive on the fishing-ground. A new ship is by no means suffered to go to sea on a Friday, and neither omens nor lucky and unlucky days are yet struck out of the fishermen's traditional calendar. The fish-market is held on the sands, by the sides of the boats, which at low-water are frequently run SOME ACCOUNT OF SCARBOROUGH. XV up on wheels with a sail set and conducted by the fishermen, who dispose of their cargoes in the fol- lowing curious manner: — One of the female fish- mongers inquires the price, and bids a groat. The fishermen ask a sum in the opposite extreme: the one bids up, and the other reduces the demand till they meet at a reasonable point, when the bidder suddenly exclaims " Het !" This practice seems to be borrowed from the Dutch. The purchase is after- ward retailed among the regular or occasional surrounding customers. A Life-boat, on Mr. Greathead's plan, was built here in 1801, and has proved the means of saving many vessels and valuable lives. It is kept in a building recently erected on the road to the Spa, where on application it may be inspected. 'Tis easy — not too loose, I think; "They'll fit divinely when they shrink.' The Ladies, now at once amazed, On Leatherum in wonder gazed: He, not abash'd, just waved his head; "Indeed it is the truth," he said. THE SHOE SHOP. 51 'Work made of such delightful leather 'Both shrinks, or widens, with the weather." When Crispin's votaries had pray'd Their Saint would bless and name the trade, And showing humbly that it stood Above the rank of works in wood. In cloth or iron, stone or lead; And humbly hoping, as they said, He would relieve them — Crispin laught, And, waggishly, he named it — Ckaft. J. P. < THE OASTLE. HIGH on yon foreland's rugged brow. Which beetles o'er the surge below, Of yore in military show A stately fortress stood. Seven centuries have roll'd away Since first those towers, with lichens gray. Reflected bright the Eastern ray Upon the foaming flood. Since first by Albemarle* it's crest In war's accourtrements was drest. How many a gallant corse unblest. Has bleach'd its wall around ! * This castle was built about the year 1136 by 'William Le GroB, Earl of Albemarle and Holdemess a nobleman described by an early chronicle as juvenia ttrenuUsimus, in armis mul- tum exerdtatus. EiNDBRWBLL's Hist. of Scarborough. 54 THE CASTLE. For stormy have it's fortunes been ; And, oft of battle broils the scene, It bears upon it's time-worn mien The deep-indented wound. Nor from the stroke of civil rage, When hosts with kindred hosts engage. And sire and son sad conflict wage. Has Scarbro' singly bled. Oft too the Scot, with onset rude Fierce issuing from his solitude. His hand in borderer's gore imbrued. The bolt of death has sped. And lo ! through fields of flame and blood Remorseless pouring like a flood. They rush o'er moss, and wold, and wood! 'Tis Scotia's grim array. By infant's scream and matron's shriek Unsoften'd, southron spoil they seek: But O, foul forayers ! this your freak Full dearly shall ye pay. On Cuton-Moor, to your pale gaze THE CASTLE. 55 His standard * Albemarle displays ! HallowM by many a mystic phrase, It's silken foldings flow: For there, as erst to Constantino, The cross's silver splendours shine. And broider'd characters divine In rich effulgence glow And venerable bishops there Lift high their feeble arms in air. With pious rite and fervent prayer Invoking Heaven to bless : Nor shrink they from the banner'd field. To plumed casques where mitres yield. Nor shun the patriot blade to wield. The flying foe to press. * In 1136 was fought on Cuton-Moor, near Northallerton, between the Earl of Albemarle and David King of Scotland, the battle of the Standard ; so called from a mast borne upon a wheel-carriage, surmounted by a silver cross, under which were suspended three banners dedicated to St. Peter of York, St. John of Beverley, and St. Wilfrid of Eipon. With this Standard in their van, the English counted themselves invin- cible. Ralph, bishop of the Orkneys, harangued, absolved, and blessed them before the engagement; and infirmity alone prevented Roger, Archbishop of York, from accompanying them to the field. Of the Scottish infantry above 10,000 were left dead upon the field. 56 THE CASTLE. -But not with Scotish blood-drops wet . That sword could charm Plantagenet, Or guard the princely coronet On Albemarle's red brow : Not zeal for England's honour shown From royal wrath could shield his own. Nor all his laurel-wreath'd renown Avert the lightning blow*. His vassal hinds and yellow strand Obey another chief's command; And, echoing o'er the orphan'd land. The stranger's horn is heard: 'Tis Ebor's crosier'd lord I ween. Whose standard flouts the drooping scene. Where yon proud rock o'erhaugs the green, III pomp prelatic rear'd. Boots not young Bardolph'sf fate to tell, Who by his monarch's mandate fell, When back from Acre's citadel, Besmear'd with paynim gore, * On the accession of Henry II. Albemarle being deprived of his government, rebelled; and, through the intercession of the archbishop Roger alone, obtained his sovereign's pardon. f The younger son of Lord Eardolph, appointed in 1191 to THE CASTLE. 57 And treacherous Austria's dnngeon-cave, Bounding across the ocean-wave, Great Coeur de Lion, wildly brave. Re-trod his native shore. O blame not thou the red-cross zeal Which sharpen'd Europe's pious steel. To win the tomb, when myriads fell. Of Him who died for all: Though Famine perch'd upon their board. And many a noble heart was gored By Saladin's heroic sword. Beneath the Holy Wall! Yet blessed they, who 'mid the storm. Where death display'd his grisliest form. Their breasts with patriot passion warm. Bore from the field of strife the command of Scarborough Castle by Richard I. with whom he was a great favourite. During that prince's absence in tiie Holy Land, he was guilty of various misdemeanors, which cost him his office. William de Dacre, of the North was ap- pointed by Henry III.; and John and William de Vesci (brothers), successively, by Edward I. to the same splendid ■tation. 58 THE CASTLE. Arts, which with flowers of Eden drest The wildernesses of the west; And, giving social hours their zest. The courtesies of life! Great names it next was thine to boast. Dread Empress of Brigantia's coast; Nor may they, in oblivion lost. Escape the muse's eye: She notes where, flaunting in the beam Of noon-day suns, with golden gleam The»northern Dacre's banners stream Athwart the azui-e sky. And there with rival radiance glows De Vesci's helm, whose sovereign chose To give his mailed limbs repose Within thy pleasant halls*; Ere thundering o'er the Scotish strand. He twangs the bow and hurls the brand, And his by battle-right the land Triumphantly he calls. * Edward I. resided for some time in Scarborough Castle. HlNDKHWBLL. THE CASTLE. 59 Nor leave we Gaveston* unsung, Carnarvon's minion, stout in wrong, Supple and stiff by turns, whose tongue With insolent disdain Braved England's barons to be joust; Whose sinewy arm's resistless thrust O'erthrew her mightiest in the dust. On Berkshire's tourney' d plain. Yet for the prince's dear-bought choice The Gascon's manly soul, and voice Which made the listener's heart rejoice. Some frail excuse might lend : No vulgar sycophant was he. Bending for wealth the sordid knee, i But train'd to feats of chivalry — A great, though guilty friend. * This noble Gascon was ' a goodly personage, of a haughty and undaunted spirit, brave and hardy in arms ; ' as he showed himself in the tournament he held at Wallingford, where he challenged and foiled the flower of the English nobility, which more inflamed their malice toward him. In Munster and Tho- mond likewise, as lieutenant of Ireland, he performed every where great service with much valour and worthiness. When he at last, in 1312, surrendered Scarborough Castle (of which he was governor) to the Earl of Pembroke, the articles of capitu- lation were totally disregarded, and he was beheaded. (Ed.) 60 THE CASTLE. - Witness, ye fields of Munster green, And Thomond, of his toils the scene ; When Ireland, shrinking at his mien, Fled from the mortal shock: But nought avail his gallant deeds. In vain the foe's pledged faith he pleads; By vengeful Pembroke's axe he bleeds Upon the patriot block ! Now Mowbray*, Beauchamp court my quill; And well my swelling verse might fill Percy, De Burgh, and Somerville With acts of bold emprise: Nor will I not transmit to fame Fitzwilliam, ever-honour'd name! Which Yorkshire still, with loud acclaim, Re-echoes to the skies. And he on whom no parent smiled, Glo'ster f, by many a crime defiled, With her his glowing tongue beguiled. These gilded cushions prest; * Ralph Fitzwilliam, John de Mowbray, Giles de Bello Campo (or Beauchamp), Henry de Percy, Alexander de Burgh, and Roger de Somerville, are all found in the list of governors of Scarborough Castle. ■f Richard III., after his coronation in 1483, visited Scar- THE CASTLE. 61 Happy, ere Bosworth's fatal fight Gave .Richmond to his anxious sight, Within the tomb's protecting night Here had he sunk to rest ! But my faint step denies to trace Through years remote each noble race*, To whom this ancient pile to grace By favouring fate was given: Yet ere from it's loved towers I turn. Befits to clasp the tear-stain'd urn Of beauteous Cholmleyf, changeless borne To bloom a saint in heaven. Cholmley ! — oh could I breathe that name, Nor tingled at the sound my frame, Nor glow'd afresh thy hallow'd flame, Pure Friendship, in my mind — Remembering many a letter'd hour In Bransby's sweet sequester'd bower. Dead were I to each generous power. Which thrills and melts our kind. borough with Anne, hiB queen, and resided for some time in the Castle. Hinderwell. * Such as St Qnintin, Lumley, Evers (or Eure), Bojnton Eobinson, 4c. j- Ihe wife of Sir Hugh Cholmley, who latterly held the .62 THE CASTLE. Backward I bend my sad regard. Where Stuart with his country warr'd, And Falkland here, there Hampden bared His breast to civil rage: Alas! that natures form'd for love, Whom all the loftier passions move. Such stern antipathies should prove. Such deadly feuds should wage. E'en in that spirit-stirring hour, When o'er the crest of despot power War's crimson cloud was seen to lower. In gloom disastrous spread; 'Twas thine, with erring ardour warm, Proud fort (though shatter'd was thy form) For faithless Charles to brave the storm. Which burst on Cholmley's head. And see! bis angel consort, calm While furious hosts dispute the palm, With healing drugs, religion's balm. The anguish'd pillow tends: Caatle for Charles I. See Hinderwell, p. 79; and for his lady's heroic fortitude, surpassing beauty, and great benevo- lence, see p. 86—87. THE CASTLE. 63 Nor, to her bosom -feelings true. Inquires with party's narrow view, Whose brow she steeps in pity's dew, A foeman's or a friend's. Such feelings thou, of wedded love Chaste model, Hutchinson*, did'st prove, When legions round thee madly strove In dire fraternal fray; Though in a different cause, o'erplied For liberty, thy soldier died: — Virtue, nor bound to rank nor side Holds on her stedfast way. — But hark! as from yon holy fane The bell proclaims the hour, in vain I clasp it — ghost-like, from my brain The light illusion flies! No more around that foreland's brow Imagination's phantoms glow: Where, Dacre — Cholmley, where art thou? All melted in the skies! * See Memoirs of Colonel Hutchinson, by his widow Lucy, a most interesting piece of biography. 64 THE CASTLE. And DOW, of all the pageant slieen Quick flitting o'er the trophied scene. Memorial of what once hath been. No glittering wrecks remain! Before mine eye uncharm'd, is spread Of vulgar roofs the crescent red. And beaving on it's pebbled bed. The blue and billowy main. THE NORTH SHORE. POETS and Painters still have vied In sketching Scarbro's southern side; Attracted by the sunny glow. The fort above, the port below. It's cliff, it's spa, it's fonr-in-hand Light flying o'er the yellow strand — And all the lovely, all the gay, Which form it's long et ccetera. Like insect-motes in summer air Gaily we flutter here and there; Light on each flower in radiance drest. Which to the day-star spreads it's breastj In quest of kindred triflers stray. And buz our little hour away: But ever with due caution flee Thy sunless crags, Adversity ! 66 THE NORTH SHORE. Yet painters there might well discern Nature magnificently stern ; And poets ethically trace Apt lessons for an erring race — For, on the mountain's frowning side, Oft does sublimity reside : Within life's melancholy cell The gentler virtues often dwell ; And many a gem of moral lore Is strew'd upon her rugged shore. Not for such precious gatherings there Does restless Tottergait repair : Enough he thought his early youth Had hunted academic truth, Where Euclid taught him to define Precisely straight from crooked line*; When he his flinching hand and cue From birch and ferula withdrew — deem not thou unfriendly those Or to Greek verse, or Latin prose : * Scilicet lU posset curco diy^toscere rectum^ &c. Query an leg. curva & rectam. See t-'od. Cant. THE NORTH SHORE. 67 Flogging of laziness the doom is, Ignaviam pcena premit comes; And genius oft will sleep or swerve, Till birch explore the hidden nerve Where school-boys agony is born: Then bright and vigorous as the morn. When Phoebus mounts and streaks the east, He rushes from inglorious rest; And on careering pinion whirl'd. Streams light on an adoring world. But Tottergait, alert and bold. Like him the crane-neck'd chief of old. With laurels whose bald pate to hide Full six score human myriads died. On Latian or on foreign plains — Thinks nothing done while aught remains*; And hence, by him their Cassar led. The northern shore his party tread. Here sought I to protract my verse. The toilsome march I might rehearse — * Nil actum rynitans, ^um quid iuperetiet agendum. 68 THE NORTH SHORE. Long Room Street Straight, andNewbrough broad; And Queen Street fair, so lies the road ; And, stretching far as eye can see, The everlasting Ropery ! Then might I minutes five or six. Their foot upon the isthmus fix : (The twin-sea'd drawbridge heaving still. Blow the light wind which way it will) Ere down the steep and rough descent Their steps, precipitate, are bent. Ella, there is no cause for fear — At least, Avernus yawns not here : For thitherward the slope was facile. Or Virgil represents the place ill. Yet, here thy light foot totters down. With bird's eye glance survey the town; And, as thou view'st it's narrow space, Think what keen throbs it's bounds embrace: How many a brow with gladness shines. How many a heart in silence pines. Contrasted with the billows' roar Aye surging on yon dreary shore ! THE NORTH SHORE. 69 Think too, where opens at thy feet That hideous chasm, the seas might meet — As some have dreamt — were hamaa art Summoned to execute her part! But feebler arm than his, who rent Huge Athos from it's continent, Might scarcely hope with ductile tide The ocean's whelming mass to guide ; Or bid the wave it's sweep forego. And in contracted channel flow. These ponderings burthen not the brain Of him, who leads the lovely train: Yet think he must, on that lone strand Where shipless sea and houseless land, With features congruously rude. Share the sad reign of solitude. Scarce e'en a shell or pebble there Rewards the solitary strayer. Though all unrivall'd in the chace The melancholy beach he trace. And leave no stone unturn'd, no labour Spare, to outvie his south-shore neighbour. 70 THE NOBTH SHORE. Not Selkirk more disconsolate Ou green Fernandez' margin sate, His eyes around th' horizon veering With hope of distant speck appearing, To animate the lifeless scene And give him back the sight of men. Than Tottergait his glance aghast Across the watery desert cast. In vain, he turn'd himself about: Life, on all sides, seem'd ' quite shut out !' Wither'd by Winter's early breath. That stunted grass announces death; The sea-weed, in vast ruin piled, Speak's tempest's triumphs wide and wild; Scatter'd around yon lonely tree. The leaves proclaim mortality : The very Castle seems to say, 'Strong as I was, I've had my day.' "Turn we then southward, girls, our feet, "I love the human face to meet. " — Ha ! sure yon object seems to move : "The surge has given some crag a shove; "And see, it strangely rolls this way — "We shall be crush'd if long we stay: THE NORTH SHORE. 71 "Haste, daughters — •Ocean's music wild (And at his own quaint thought he srnil'd) "Is that, which moved rocks of old; "And hence in metaphor we're told "Of Orpheus' and Amphion's shell, "And his whom dolphins loved so well, "That o'er the stormy main they bore "Him safely to his native shore." Lo! from his cheek the smile is gone. And forward fast he hurries on. More clearly to his vision shown A horse, it's gentle rider throwu. Scared by the boist'rous billows, flies — And hark! that gentle rider's cries! No more the solitude he mourns; His youthful chivalry returns ; And, with the speed he used to know Full half a century ago, He springs — forgetful of his years! Whom would not move a lady's tears ! More potent they than charmed juice In age youth's vigour to infuse; And, with the magic drops imbued. Re-sinew e'en decrepitude. Tl THE NORTH SHORE. The fallen fair one on her steed Re-seated, homeward they proceed : And, as King Lewis with his train March'd up the hill, and down again; So Tottergait with converse toil, Tired of old Ocean's loud turmoil. His having march'd down to the main, Prepares to march them ap again ! With straining steps the cliff they climb. And with their ramble ends the rhyme. I H < s THE WARM BATH. BATHS and the nympli I sing, who waits, Assiduous Tauter*! at the gates; Anxious with cards, her name that bear. To catch th' arriving traveller; Lest nimbler claimants step between. To recommend their own machine. She patient, with her pockets full. Sits all day opposite the Bull: Happy, that lords her tickets took — Too happy might she duck a duke! 'But of Dame Ducker why this stir? 'Another bard will sing of her: * A name, appropriated to the canvassers on each new ar- rival; possibly from the French, tout, as they lose nothing — at least, for want of asking. 74 THE WARH BATH. 'And, if your depth you wish to show ' By learned Tract de Balneo, 'Long since Andrea Baccio 'Told us, in his huge tome de Thermis, 'What a cold bath — and what a warm is: 'For who would venture on lavation, ' Without such previous information ? 'You've read, no doubt, and well could state his 'De Tepidis, de Temperatis; 'What Buxtons were in Latium found, 'To bless the medicated ground; ' What Harrogates for taste and smell — 'As nose and palate both can tell*; ' Chalybeate, leaden, golden springs; 'The latter — what delightful things! 'In this bank-paper token age, ' Had we such, they'^ be all the rage; * BacciuB, in the work above-qnoted, in which the writer has occasionally dipped, has a chapter expressly — Zle Arjuu sopore et odore aboniinalilibus. Of these, from his detailed account, there seems to have been no lack in the ancient world; and, as defined by the author (jmos a sulphvris naiura ac diversarum invicem terrarum i^ermhtione reeultant") they appear to have been true Harrogate. THE WARM BATH. 75 'And ministers, with such Pactolus, 'No more with rags and lead cajole us! 'Of Titus next perhaps you'd tell, 'Who dippM, as he did all things, well; 'On Dioclesian's baths * dissert, 'Vast lakes to scour imperial dirt: '(As if our English loyalty 'Could e'er surmise a prince might be, 'Great as he is by art and nature, 'At bottom but a dirty creature, 'And from his elevated seat 'More water ask'd to make him sweet!) 'Then, fast as muse's wing can strain, 'Hurry your readers o'er to Spain: 'And bid them at th' Alhambra stave, 'Though Salamanca still is there; 'And Wellington his banner waves, 'By tyrants only fear'd and slaves. * On the Thermse, both of Titos and Dioclesian, see Bac- cius, VII. 3. Of the latter, which with their accompani- ments appear to have employed in the building 40,000 Christ- ians, a very full account is given, under the quaint idea of their several parts corresponding with the proportions of the human body, in the sixth chapter. 76 THE WARM BATH. 'Toledo's turrets, black and white, 'Look lovely, in the pale moon light; 'And were the magic pencil mine, 'To sketch and fill the fair design, 'Bid here the dome's huge convex bend, 'There castles frown and spires ascend; 'Above, the mountain rear it's brow, 'The valley's plenty laugh below; 'I'd trace a scene should quickly call 'You, lingering from the ruin'd hall 'Where old Abderrahman reposed, ' When sleep his Moorish eye-lids closed ; , 'And make you deem — so rich the view — ' What you have read of Eden true ! 'To Scott alone such pencil's given, 'Dipt in the rainbow hues of heaven: 'He only might permitted be '(Such the truth poet's witchery) 'If call'd on English baths to rhyme, 'Bravely neglecting space and time, 'With Rome's sad wrecks to mock our sense, 'Or Saracen magnificence; 'And whirl the veriest torpedo 'Now to Grenada, now Toledo!* THE WARM BATH. 77 'Befits not one of humbler wing, 'Aught but the theme assign'd to sing.' On theme, so limited, 'tis hard For gifted or ungifted bard, Standing on one leg or a pair, To bring two hundred lines to bearf. Had I been summoned to describe In lengthened strain th' amphibious tribe. Half nereids they, half flesh and blood. Though most at home when in the flood; I would have framed fit invocation, To herald my versification — "0 come, Hygeia, wrapt in mantle blue, "Thy cheek besprent with spray, the billows' dew ! "Traverse thy yellow sands with ancle bare, "Arms more than rosy red, and dripping hair; "And all thy temples' portals flinging wide, * modo me ThebUj vwdo point Athenis, HOR. f — — — dueenCos ' Ut magnum, versus dicta/mt, starts pede in uno. Id. 78 THE WARM BATH. "Which tower (like fanes Venetian) o'er the tide "Give to thy moraiag worshippers to lave, " With pure ablution, in the cleansing wave ! "But ah! too like the fount of Salmacis*, "Goddess, thy cleansing wave at Scarbro' is; " Where in gross union male and female blend, "Thy rites too social for the pure t'attend." These, and a thousand distichs more, I could have penn'd upon the shore: To Amphitrite sung a sonnet) Or mermaid, as without a bonnet She fingers o'er her sea-green locks. And makes her toilet 'mid the rocks: No more with comb and glass they dress At Exmouth, or at Inverness f; * Cui non audita est obsctenfE Sabuncis itndcE .' Ovid Met. Unde tit injamis, quart male fortibus undis Salmacis, 4c. Id. Consult Col. G , of the N Militia; whose horse, by direction I suppose of his patron Neptune, threw his presump- tuous rider into the sea. + Prom Inverness we have heard more than enough of mer- maids. Mr. Toupin, from Exmouth, has still more recently de THE WARM BATH. 79 But listeners showery sounds surprise Of wild ^olian melodies ! Nay, had it been a shower-bath, some Jove issued demi-god might come, At my fond call, in gremium*,- And that poor soil fecundity With fruits and flowers, that never die. But a mere warm bath — there's the rub- What god would patronise a tub; An artificial stream unlock, A boiler tend, or turn a cock ? Without more preface then, or proem, Headlong I plunge into — my poem. scribed the singular tones of one seen last August near the Bar of that place, which were not inaptly compared by one of the party to the mild melodies of the JSoIian harp, combined with a sound similar to that made by a stream of water falling gently on the leaTes of a tree. Monthly Mag. Nov. 1812.— p. 345. * Turn pater omnipotemt fcrcundis imbribus eelher Conjugis in gremhmi, Ac. 80 THE WARM BATH. Who that ethereal lustra may express. That genuine grace, that simple loveliness. Which, though with Phidian marbles it might vie. Shrinks all abash'd e'en from it's own pure eye; Shuts- out th' intruding god of day, and dreads The very woven forms on which it treads ? O modesty! how amiably breaks The sudden flash, warm mantling o'er thy cheeks ; When, centre of the crowded circle's gaze. Thou feel'st th' approving voice of honest praise ! In vain, disrobed by Fashion's harlot hand. Bold Beauty flutters shameless o'er the land; Now here now there, a meteor mischief, flies Illusive flickering 'neath the midnight skies: With pale alarm we note th' ill-omen'd form. And deem it portent of a hastening storm. Not Helen only set a realm on blaze; Through woman's wilesall human strength decays : By female magic lull'd, the mightiest sleep. And o'er their spell-bound sovereign nations weep. And can no cure for this bright bane be found ? No moral styptic check this bleeding wound? THE WARM BATH. 81 And shall not man, by sad experience wise, Shan the fair ruin flaring in his eyes? 0! how might woman rale with blameless sway; How might our race improve, as they obey: Would but the light deluder cease to move By Fashion's influence fashion's fools to love ! Untainted by the Bacchanal's hot breath, Ungarlanded, except by Virtue's wreath: Would she but cease for fops to spread the lure. And seek the pure in heart, herself as pure; As Ella, or as Laura, maid or wife. The grace of this — the guide to future life! But, what from Helen's foul amour can rise. Save Troy's red flames ascending to the skies! Turn we, my muse, where Ella, simple maid. Sits pale with cold and shivering at a shade ; Or shudders through some crevice to descry — Crevice before unmark'd, a curious eye ! Move no light clouds across the curtain'd glass. But stamp a human peeper as they pass. Even fancied sounds her timid ear appal; \ A step draws near — she catches at a shawl. H 82 THE WARM BATE. Thrice did'st thou entering, Ella, bar the door : Thrice lock, to "make assurance doubly sure." Thine idle terrors then, dear girl, restrain, Phantasmagoric etchings of the brain: Those flitting forms are imaged by thy fear — No peeping Tom of Coventry is near; And, if such Tom of Scarbro' there should be. He'd instantly be sent to Coventry. O, if not the good angel of thy fate. Trust her — the faithful guardian at the gate. Had but such caution mark'd poor Lady Scrub, Ere, cynic-like, she stept into her tub; Had she but shot one bolt — why did she not ? The proverb says, 'Fools bolts are quickly shot — ' She ne'er from Captain Pepys had shrunk appall'd, Ne'er fruitlessly for distant Jenny squall'd; Ne'er toil'd in vain her embonpoint to hide. Perversely buoyant, by the vessel's side! "Ah why," the muse expostulating cries, "Are ladies careless, or have captains eyes?" Here leave we Ella half an hour. To float like some fair lotus flower. THE WARM BATH 83 Which on the Nile's broad surface swims. And dips by turns it's flexile limbs; Diffusing, in it's lily pride, A holy halo o'er the tide — That half hour's space elapsed, to be Venus Anadyomene. w. J. Greett dt-L Cornelian pAv. THE CORNELIAN PARTY. Scepe ex socero meo audivi, cum is diceret socerum suum Lcelium semper fere cum. Scipione solitiim rus- ticari, eosque incredibiliter repiierascere esse solitos, cum rus ex urhe tanquam e vinculis evolavissent. Npn audeo dicere de talibus viris, sed tamen ita solei narrare Sccevola, conchas eos et umhllicos ad Caietam et ad Laurentum legere consuesse, et ad omnem a/nimi remissionem ludumque descendere. (Oic. de Oratore, II. 6.) IN fair Jamaica, it is said (I but refer to what I've read) Of land-crabs oft yon meet a host Impatient hurrying to the coast. Soon as the season for migration Warns them to quit their inland station*. * The violet crab, of Jamaica, performs a fatiguing march of some months' continuance, from the mountains to the sea-side. Palsy's Nat. Theol. XTIII. 86 THE CORNELIAN PARTY. — But why to fair Jamaica roam For what, each summer, shows at home? In June, when May-flowers and May-flies Paronomastically rise, Ere yet the dog-star shoots his fire, Prayers on all sides assail the 'Squire From craving wife and coaxing daughters; "Your hunting o'er, your hounds in quarters, "And ere the moors demand your gun, "Full two months interval to run — "Oh ! as you promised, Scarbro' show us, " In the old coach you well can stow us : "Yourself included, we're but seven, "Betty, as eighth, keeps both sides even. "Do, pray Sir, without and or if, "Take a month's lodging on the ens'." Thus importuned, what can he do ? He loves his wife, and daughters too; And, though himself had rather stay T'inspect, or even make, his hay; Though he abominates the stir And stench of crowded theatre. THE CORNELIAN PARTY. 87 Remembering well the scented gale That ventilates his native vale : Though balls annoy where sylphids meet, To ply untired their nimble feet, Here figuring in, there crossing over — The reason why, he can't discover : Though on a ten yards' terrace he Scarcely finds room to bend his knee. Or on a scanty mile of beech His favourite hunter's legs can stretch; Yet will he go ! With glad surprise They read the answer in his eyes; And all the toilette ammunition Is instant put in requisition. The village semstress summon'd straight. Attends the critical debate — Hears caps, and cloaks, and gowns discust. Sees treasures rummaged from their dust — Flounce, stomacher and furbelow. Would arch an antiquary's brow, And prove (whate'er be now the passion), Eve has not always led the fashion. 88 THE CORNKLIAN PARTY. O Scarbro' ! queen of sea-side joys . Which no domestic care alloys, Far from the petty jangling war Of housemaid, and of housekeeper ! Throned on thy cliffs, how proudly thou Survey' st the varied scene below : In curve exact thy mansions bending, And to the watery marge descending : Upon that marge, in modest state, Hygeia throwing wide her gate*, (A better Cytherea she. Risen newly from the ambient sea) To indigent infirmity: Thy temple, castle, double mole. Port, spa, and circling round the whole. Of beauty and of strength the zone. The ocean's azure girdle thrown! Thy pleasures ever charm the young. The morning stroll — stroll all day long : * The Warm Sea Bathing Infirmary, where the poor, who cannot even afford three tokens and a half per bath, are invited to go. quadranto lavtaum. HOR. THE CORNELIAN PARTY. 89 Joy, triumph, health at once they give, To see, to conquer, and to live; And vidi, vici, vixi, plain Eecords the bright and brief campaign. Nor hither 'Squires alone resort With water to dilute their port. Walk off the arches which riding gave, And tip the go-by to the grave — That only port they still would pass. As Time's their only hated glass: — For Scarbro' parsons quit their church, For Scarbro' schoolmasters their birch; And York and Lancashire agree To sip their amicable tea. No more indeed, the mortal fight Is waged by roses red and white. But on th' arena* now appear. Embattled, Bell and Lancaster. Fiercely th' inglorious conflict rages, Where pages are opposed by pages; * The reader will not fail to remark the appropriateness of a metaphor, originally founded on sand. N 90 THE CORNELIAN PABXT. And press-mea aad compositor Maintain the theologic war, While black and white the bearings blot Upon each angry chieftain's coat, O! might the muse one question blab. To combatant in black and drab ! Pardon and ponder the inquiry — Ccelestibus tant