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 The Library 
 University of California, Los Angeles 
 
 jllection of 
 
 rii 
 
 Judaica 
 
 The gift of Mrs. Cummings, 1 963
 
 THE BOOK OF JOIVAH 
 
 IN 
 
 CHALDEE, SYRIAC, AETHIOPIC AND ARABIC.
 
 THE HOOK OF JONAH 
 
 IN 
 
 FOUR ORIENTAL VERSIONS, 
 
 N A .^I !•: L Y 
 
 rUALDEE, SYHIAC, AETIIIOPir AND AUAHir, 
 
 WITH G L O S S A R I E S. 
 
 KniTKD 13 Y 
 
 W. WRIGHT. 
 
 V^f'r 
 
 WILLIAMS AM) NORGATE 
 
 LONDON t4HENniETTA STUEKT COVENT GARDEN, AND EDINBIUGH 20 801X11 
 
 KREDKRICK STREET 
 
 i.kipzk;: f. a. hrockhaus. 
 
 MDCCCLVll.
 
 LEIPZIG: PRINTED BY FR. NIES. 
 
 " ^ -^ '^ ^
 
 ^p 
 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 The aim of (he li((le work now offered to (he Public, 
 is (o be useful to those Students at our Universities, who, 
 after having made some progress in Hebrew, may be an- 
 xious to gain at least a slight knowledge of the principal 
 cognate dialects. On the advantage of such knowledge to 
 the Theologian I need not here enlarge. Our Authorised 
 Version of the Hebrew Scriptures is now generally acknow- 
 ledged to be an indifferent one, and the call for a revised 
 translation is daily becoming more urgent. The ]Masoretic 
 Text itself is in many places obscure, in some to all ap- 
 pearance corrupt ; and (he only means of getting over at least 
 a j)art of these difficulties is the study of the other Semitic 
 languages and the comparison of the Translations that exist 
 in them, more especially \\\q, Aramaic and Arabic. 
 
 Tliis volume presents to the Student one of the short- 
 est and simplest of the Biblical Books in four of the old 
 Oriental Versions — viz. the Chaldee, Syriac, Ae(hio[»ic, 
 and Arabic — accompanied by Glossaries, which give not 
 only the meaning of every word in each of the texts, bu( 
 also the principal cognate vocables in (ho odier dialects; so 
 
 '^091315
 
 — VI — 
 
 that a careful study of the work — brief though it 1)8 — 
 will enable the reader to arrive at a tolerably accurate coni- 
 j)rehensioii of some of the principal [)oints of resemblance 
 and difference in the Semitic languages. 
 
 It remains for me to add a few remarks as to the 
 manner in wliich I liave constituted the several texts. 
 
 Tlie Chaldee is based upon a collation of the principal 
 Polyglots and early editions — such as the Parisian and 
 London, the Bomberg or Venetian, and Buxtorf's Babbinic 
 Bible — tlie most important variants being given at the foot 
 of the page. 
 
 The Syriac text is taken from Lee's edition, recollated 
 with two Mss. in tlie Bodleian Library and two in the British 
 Museum. It was my endeavour to exhibit here the different 
 modes of indicating the vowels etc. in Syriac; an endeavour 
 in which, liowever, I have not succeeded very well, owing 
 chiefly to the imperfections of the type. For instance in the 
 word a^£^z]o (p. 48, 1. 8), the large point above the ^ 
 (it should liave been still larger in proportion to the rest) 
 belongs to the oldest system of punctuation, and shows that 
 it is of the fourth conj. or Ethpa"al; whilst the small points 
 under the first z and over the ^ and the second z, indi- 
 cate respectively the aspirated and unaspirated })rotnniciation 
 (jf those letters (ethkatash, or more correctly elhkat- 
 tash). So again in the word -sj^zjc (p. 50, 1. 13) the' 
 small dot between the z and the ^ indicates the unaspirated 
 sound of the former, or rather the assimilation of the two 
 letters (ettarraf instead of ctlitarraf); whilst the large 
 dot over the syllable -^4 is the mark of the fourth conj.
 
 — \ll — 
 
 III :^i-^-:l (|>. 49, I. 3) llic l\v?) lar^e poiiils under (lie final 
 z ai'i' (tiic \\;i\ (iT imlicaliiiL;- llic 3. |i. siii^-. ("nil., anoljiei" 
 l)('iiiy t'X('iii(»lirK'(j ill h^f^o (p. 49, J. iiciiiill.j. lii the nuuii 
 )i^^ (|>. 49, I. 'j). (lie iaiuc <]«•( (ivor (lie _i gives a rliic 
 Id llic iMdiiiiiicialinii (klirltliald or k lie l»li olo), wliicli 
 was allcnvards rendered more disliiicl by siil>s(ilu(inp; or 
 appendini;- die laler vowel -sign _ or _. Some informalion 
 on (his suhjett may l»e (oiiiid in die Jarger Syriac (Jram- 
 mars: more in Ewald's A Miand liinii-on ziir orientali- 
 sclien iind l»il)l isclicn Lileradir ((iollingen I83'2) and 
 Benislein's Preface (o liis edilion of (lie Gospel of St. John 
 (Leipzig 18')3), which laKer work is jirinted in a remarkably 
 clear and beaiihfiil lype. I should menlion (hat 1 have 
 inserted (ho points rfikach (.^=0 and kushai (^=.^) only 
 when (hey were found in one or odier of (he ]Mss. (ha( I used. 
 
 The Aediiopic tex( is from the edihon ofPetraeus (P. in 
 the variaii(s), colIa(ed with one Ms. in (he Bodleian Library 
 •and one in ihc British Museum. 
 
 Finally, the Arabic version is taken from a Ms. in the 
 Bodleian, and is, so far as I am aware, now published for 
 (he lirs( (ime. The Ms. is unfortunately rather carelessly 
 written, so (hat I have been obliged in one or two instances 
 (o have recourse to conjectural emendation, a remedy which 
 I am always reluctant to employ. 
 
 Subjoined is a list of eriala, which the reader is 
 requested to correct before making use of the book. 
 
 Trinity College, l> iil> I i ii. 
 
 Novombor 1856. ^y. Whk.iit.
 
 ERRATA. 
 
 P. 2. 1. 2. n^i . 
 
 p. 4. last line, nole h) ^•^"in'iN*. 
 P. 5. 1. 3, ^J ; I. 4. 'Ci<\ 
 
 P. 6. 1, s. ni.r:;" 1. 16. N^n-. After 
 
 all , 5 jf is perhaps nolhing- bul 
 an abslraet noun from ^J(, mean- 
 ing /<y//% and used (liket^n^nl 
 and ]aV..I^ to denote t/ie ohjcct 
 feared, the deity. 
 
 P. 8. 1. 9. ipiN*. 
 
 P. 9. 1. 7. cnN. 
 
 P. 11. 1.1. Iv^; 1. 14. -i>y2. 
 
 P. 13. 1. 14. .c;j: 1. 19. ^HT. 
 P. 15. 1. 6. Aftertf'kS add: (pron.* J^'J^). 
 P. 17. 1.21. NT-. 
 
 T 
 
 P. 19. last line, 2%^. 
 
 P. 20. 1. 16. N^'^LsV-' 
 
 P. 22. 1. 6. N^^?2-;i. 9. ^';^. 
 
 P. 23. 1. 2. C'^n:; I. 3. Epipl.aniiis; 
 
 last line, (nn""!)- 
 P. 25. 1.2. ]'^y'' 
 P. 32. penult. -i2j;,. 
 P. 33. 1. 17. bv/."' 
 P. 39. 1.3. Nn^-. 
 P. 45. 1. 3. ^i?nv 
 
 P. 47. 1. 5. wic^. 
 
 P. 49. 
 
 5. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 1. 12.Vli.iV.. 
 
 In several places in the Syriac 
 text a point has been broken ofi"; 
 e. g. p. 49, last line, ^i^Ji^^ic; 
 
 p.50.1.2. |U^c;l.l7. |.ifi;^:.'. 
 
 P. 56. 1.21.Ui-'ci. 
 
 P. 67. 1. 25. niJj;n^D. 
 p. 75. 1. 11. (DaCtj-: 
 
 p. 76 1. 7. (l)Z.CU:i. ibX\>A,^^\ 
 
 1. 20. A,^y,Ki : 
 p. 77. 1. 1. (DAcy^ : 
 
 p. 78. 1.12. (DA^i'i:i.l3.'AZ.^P^: 
 
 1. 20. (D<?^OTs: 1. 26. H*;?.^^: 
 
 1. 29. Khi : 
 p. 79. 1. 1. ^^lA-i^'h: last line, 
 
 (Dfin^i : 
 
 p. 80. 1. 8. (Dl-AW/h: 1. 17. 
 hX(^^^\\ last line, hJ^A^Mh-'. 
 
 p. 81 1 7 — ^1-: 1. 17. AACi^5: 
 
 1. 25. "L. 
 p. 84. 1. 1. /h.?A: 
 
 p. 89. 1.14. *iua: 
 
 p. 91. 1. 11. impcr. QJi! 1. 23. 
 
 Kiv^^i : 
 p. 92. 1. 14. -jaa: 
 p. 95. 1. 8. h.yh<^i, : 
 p. 100. 1. 11. uz.A:and At^z,A: 
 
 p. 104. penult. 1J? a: 
 
 p. 106. 1. 7. uxri : 1- 8. U,] ; 
 
 1. 18. AA"] : 
 
 p. 110.1. 2. J. 
 
 p. 111. 1. 12. ^l^]. 
 p. 123. 1. 7. , n; .. . 
 
 p. 128. 1. 17. ^i.^. 
 
 p. 129. I. 4. U^iLi.; 1. 13. IIaaI. 
 
 p. 132. 1. 10. v^ v-{n- 
 p. 135.1. 11. ''^y.. 
 I'. 136. I. 14. nv^V_- 
 
 p. 138. 1.22. ^^^yS.
 
 CHALDEE VERSION. 
 
 
 :-!D'Db TON 12 mv cj) " DIP p nNirj ciPB mm 1 
 
 T •■ : - • -: - T • t: tIt: I • t : - : • t -;- 
 
 ]inn2'>3 rp^^p nx rhv ""^^rNV ^ri^n Nnnp rn:i:)55 ^,ix cp 2 
 ns rn:i n-l3^< 2r?^ ns^^ '') n^tnt n?\s nri^'Ni "iD^^ nn:i 
 
 T -: t:~ -• T-: ' t:.!: t:» -:-: t; -: 
 
 T- '"1 ^Wr ^"^^T-^l CD"p. ]n NS22 jinsy Sno^ 4 
 '')pn^?o ^'^PvN'? aiyb N?^{<D-i t^-'JD n> iDm -iinu ]in2 n>b 
 
 1 :• TIT": T*: r: * : • t-t - : ':! : 
 
 2ipi r-niD-n 2'2m j^d^nh n?-?::'' n^yix^ ^)nru n:in 6 
 
 ■■I: I •: r : • : t* •:"•:' -; t: 
 
 "13-1 ncNi :i^3: nh) Nj^y ">'• did id ^)crnn^ cnq Tn^« 7 
 
 - . --:- • t: tt '^; t: tit: I • — : • • t It t-.-: 
 
 NjS Nin N*nif'i2 ") p b^i2 j?-!:n pziy ""d-i:! inx nnzn^ 
 
 T T T T T : • 'I - • : - •: I • : • ■• : •: ■; •• : - : 
 
 bns n:':'^ |j;2 ">iri rp^ n^Ni injl"* ^3; xp-j; t'o:') p^nj; id-ii 8 
 
 T ■• •• T : - I T • ' ) T : • -: V T T T T T ; • •' | " 
 
 1
 
 — 2 — 
 
 . : T : V- t: t- - - ^; - •■ t t-: t- : • t tv; t: 
 
 ' _. . _. T : - ^; T - ■• - -;- T - ' T • : t - : •. 
 
 • ., . _. ' ..T T- •■-; TT • T- - • It • :- 
 
 I ■: .T : I •• -; I •■ t t - t : - • • : ■■ -: t ~: ^ -r 
 
 lr\^b)]i/n:^ Sm ns^ n^ i^^d> n'pi Nnt^Q^^ i^DrxS ")i<^^2ii 
 14 ]j;2 nS ^> i<jjy\v^ b'r-p_ ncsi ^^ n-^p *')ii<%i :pn^t^y O'lp.n 
 
 ci riDin i<;^y inn nS) ]nn s^np;-! ')n'^^'D; n?"jn2 -i2U 
 15™"!'' n*" i2^d:i :Nm2y "nmp Niym nd3 ^"i pn* nx •'3T 
 
 T - • : t: T -; I T Tir: T-: - : t : t: : - ■ -; t- 
 
 \6n2i Nt'^m Nn2a i^^n-i tn^'piu^n^D ns^ mi ^s^^ ^hid'tt 
 
 T- T«: T-:, •: •• :"• t- t: t": • : 
 
 nm: mi^ " cip ")n2i «n2-i^ ncNi t^ cip id 
 
 I • : • - ; t; tIt: - : it-: — ;- t: Tfr: I ' 
 
 1 N'n^n k:^:i N^yc3 n:n mm n:ii'' m y^DD^ n2i nji: ^^ ran 
 
 T T : r : T - :• t t-;- t -'^-:': t- t t:1 — : 
 
 2 :wiJi «^ys?o n^n'^N ^^ cip mi^ ^'^'lii tp^^':' xn^m j^ni' 
 
 T : t'- : • •■ t .-; t: t It: t • - ; It : ■• t t : I • 
 
 4 '')nm-i N»n fc^2':'2 ''') h'^po'iy^ ^jmnm :''my2 {<m2y ^n^y2 
 
 ' -: T-: t>: ' tI-:: •-•: -t t:--; '^-r 
 
 5 fc<:tn :^')ny. ^cj?. ^n^":):} i^sn ''ni^ry5''n:'':'2 ^b mnp mnp 
 i<'?2^n2 N^nci^S n^D^« cn2 'h-id^d cnp id n^DiriN ^)nncj< 
 
 T : •• : tt - ; • : I • - : I t : •• tIt: I • •• ; it • ' •• ; 
 
 6. «s^ ^h mno -lino Noinn wn^D -ly n^d ^jiDpN tr^j^ip-i 
 
 T - • : T : t ^ T - • I : - 1 t : I ■. : 
 
 n^r^.r 
 
 pi>pn (" 
 
 T -• - T - : - ^ 
 
 T t : ^ 
 
 vbyi (** 
 
 n^p:^ r 
 
 Nn2J (•• 
 
 T - : - ^ 
 
 ]12:?? ('• 
 
 'y2 ("• 
 
 j<py^-o C 
 
 pn2-i (" 
 
 ^'^^. (' 
 
 n'»nn: (^ 
 
 n":.cN (^ 
 
 i-idj?' (>' 

 
 — 3 — 
 
 ..... -r - T T : •:"--: t : - : • : ■ t ■•; t : " - 
 
 • : IT T - : - ; r It:!: t : : • : I t t I : ■ - - : 
 
 N:ni :pj;i^ ii^n r^^S ]<*n':' zdtni 0"irN;3-i Nnv;^ 10 
 
 T— .- I '^^ :.i I • I - • : --: • ; t t — . - 
 
 ^).W^ *^)f^^"i.iri "i^li^. -^"'.p^* ^•^.tTP '"iN'lf* r^^3tj^'■'ln3 
 n:i^ n^ ^^di ^<J^3':' ^'' icni p^ oip i^k2 ^tro: ip-^i© 11 
 
 T - - : T : t: - -: - t : t It- : • • : - M" : 
 
 f": T:» T ' t: tIt: I* t -:• t-;- 
 
 n iSTNi3J n: n'rj; ^3;rNi Nnsi. Nnnp r'^)':h S^in c^p 2 
 m:)^ji ""i Nc:nD3 m:^:^ ':'tni n:ii cpi -.ijr; S'^c?^ k:n 3 
 
 ... T - T T : • : •■ : • : --:- t It : It- •• - : t— . 
 
 ^jjdS n3i'''')"'^ii'i :rnii Nn^"^, "n^no " cnp N'nii «n'^p mn 4 
 
 '^ •• : T ' • T : I • t T : I- -; - r: tIt: t : - t :l - t -: 
 
 nii'iji yT2V i"'^3"^N* ^1D3 nnxT_ ?n3JS!i in n?2^,"> ■q'^nn «nip3 
 N;2Vi mi ^n N-i?2*?:3 n^rj ')itt'':x i:^D^m ^xrcnnn 5 
 
 T -: t- t : •■ : ■• : • •• t v: • •■ : t : - : • 
 
 nib Ncinp N'*L:pi :i"irn''V! iJ^I ]"^n3io ]^p,i^ J)i^cNi 6 
 ^''li^^ '*)^w5'D^ iiyxi n^riD^c ^o*ii3?? cpi nij^ji t<3';?? 
 
 no^j3 "1CN1 'nr^*^ •^'^^'^p. l^^- -^'^'\ ^rM ^^--^^^ "''r.'? ^ 
 ^<:J;^ ')i<^in Nn"'y3i «if:« nntcb •'riU3-i3-ii i<3bD hi^t-ij: 
 
 tt- : ' t t • : t T .-: - •• : • t : : -j t : - - ..; . 
 
 ]>pD ]^^^:^''^ -ri^^? ^*^ f*,^'?^ pvi^ ^^y, cjn'? i'^^V^^. *^*^T ® 
 n^n^ND 12: ]on^i n^-^ns ^^ cip n'^ii^i NTy3i iN;i'':x 
 
 •■ : t ■ - : I • 1 I : • T : t I t: I - ■ t • : t tv: 
 
 nn;3 n^vs-? yn^ ]d :]"inn^3-! x?i::n ]ci Krii'>3 9 
 p]"iprD 3^n^"! ^^^ D"ip^. p "O'p'i'':^. cn^n^.^ j'i'^^'? -i^"^^ Tr-n 
 jinnn-^ND dh i-^.^jt pnn3iy i\ cnp^ ]^;i :")i3'': «^^} n^nn 10 
 :i3y n'?! ]inb i^v^b bhj2 n N*pt:'^3 p ^"i 3n Nr:^''^3 
 
 T^: t:I ; -:t: ■* • i"- -I't: t: tt* 
 
 -3^: (" N:^y ('"
 
 _ 4 — 
 
 2 1 ^2p ■7CN1 "• Dip ^h)i) :n>^ n^"5k"^T f^3"l ^^^'^ ^^^^^ t^''f<2'! 
 
 ■ I- -— . - T : tIt: • -: •• • I- : t - t • t : 
 
 3 nx '>2D ^i^'s: ]:;3 20 "i^^ ]j;ri :'')xn;^'i2 nxn\s'pp 
 
 5 ]an n-ib nzj;! Kni.pb n;naD 2^n>T f^^lp. ]P •'"i^'i^ 
 
 I . ... - ....... ^ ,. . T . • . ' .... 
 
 6 ^IH'?^ ™^ ")|P ^^J^ p^^PI P'(?R °^ri^^* ^,? r^Il •^'11R 
 
 N^n bv, ii^'r:^; ^)nr^f:i:) *)xnp>nti'' xci-p nn ;!i. pan 
 
 9 "^P.^] ]^^py. bv. l^b ^)^p.n xnn^n nM^^ ^^> n??Ni :'')riN-p 
 lO|iip>P ^3; Oi^npn nx >;. ncxi tstniD ij? ^b, f)"jpn >^"in^ 
 
 11 r\\xi N*p,2i xmp mj^i ^v ctHN i6 x:xT :"12n ")x:inx 
 n^^tD"' 1^ ^T N^i s>i\^:ii ')]]2^ noj; Nnnnn '':d na 
 
 niCX" , mcxi C N'li'^zC |p^ (P Some edd. add C^p (" 
 
 xnci C 'nzi ■ (^ ■ x?:n C 'r^v. C 
 
 niz^bC nn6:oi. (" xp\":i/(^ l^\^!;i (^ 
 
 ' ' ' NI2-1 (' "■ N:-nVx ("
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 (( 
 
 nZN, impf. ~2NS "1?".' perish. V. -2'n ("1^3", "O") 
 destroy, and intrans. perish. In bibl. Chald. a Hof al 
 12in occurs, Dan. VII. 11. ^ — Heb. IZN, Syr. j^l, 
 Sam. i^3A; Aetli. A-n;?: /^^' wrt-^ (romp, -^en-2^ "ilvS^ 
 Jerem. IV. 9). The original signif. is simply go\ Ar. 
 3Lj, impf. t\A^, ^^ ^///'<7y, perish \ cXjI ^*w/e aivaij ; Jkjl 
 eternity (comp. cf«u^, aevum , from the Sanskrit rad. 
 
 ^ go)- 
 
 - -* 
 ^3i< ///m — Ar. 1^1, Syr. j^l. 
 
 "i:n, vS-^:x, hire, wages, reward. — Ar. ^|, Syr. 
 \['^ , Sam. ^'^TA. 
 ^TN, impf. ^.v\, imper. 'I'uX, itif ^Pc, yo. — Heb. '?ivS*, Syr. 
 Vll , Sam. Z^A; Ar. Jtt , impf. 3.U, w<>«''' ^'-'^"''/y 
 from a place; JlC , impf. JfCj, re?fiove, intrans. cease; 
 also JCl, perpetuity , eternity. 
 
 ->nN not vised in I., he behind. 111. "TivX, />^//' e>ff\ delay. — 
 Ar. 'j>L.I. /cwv' behind, keep back, retard, Aeth. A'5/.: 
 Heb. inx. 111. -^nx; Syr. jJcl . delay, remain.
 
 ]inN and pnlN, ^H"' o^hcr , another, f. Nn^n*; 
 pi. HI. i"":"!", f. XX]~ • III the dialect of Jerusalem 
 j-lin, Sam. y^X^ (V); Ar. li^F, Heb. nriN', Syr. 
 
 "•N* note of infeiTogation pref. to pron. and adv., as jn^x, 
 f. N~\N!, yvhich? ]i-p in whence? '•riD "•« 7vhen? etc. — 
 
 Ar. ^^t, Aetii. K^\ who, 7vhich, what? Heb. \x, n^x, 
 Sam. /TIA, with sufT. pron. ?^^/«?;r.^ Hi \X which? nio in 
 whence? "^l^rnA where? Syr. Jj^ ] , in J^l ?vhere? 
 i^:^f whence? ^hLi\ when? etc. 
 
 n>' //«^r^ ?■*, etc. with pron. suff. ^niN', '^\n"'N , ipiln^N, 
 / «;;/, //<<??/ <7;"/, etc. — Ar. y*ot obsol., Heb. if"> and 
 ir^N (2 Sam. XIV. 19, Micha VI. 10), bibl. Chald. 
 in\S% Syr. ^1 Sam. AlTlA, AA, AfH; with the 
 
 negat. !/, n*^^, are formed, ^jllj, n^'?., £w^, AfllZ. 
 n'?N, NH", ff ^<>^, God; pi. ]^n^x, N^^n~. Ar. sSlt^ or 
 aJt, with the art. ^J^If, conlr. iJUj: feni. iL5>Si>lt, contr. 
 i^f {AXikar Herodot. III. 8, ed. Schweigli.); in the 
 so-called Sinaitic Inscriptions *) xb^ (e. g. n^N Nn jHD 
 priest of the god Ta, Tuch in the Z. d. D. M. G. vol. 
 III. p. 212), in the Himyaritic n^x, f. nn^X (Rodiger's 
 Excursus to his transl. of Wellsted's Travels in Arabia, 
 p. 380-1, 390); Heb. nl'^x, Syr. |aX^ Sam. '^^ZA. 
 
 *) Really the records of heathen Arabs , pilgrimaging lo Mount 
 Serial (JLj.j^w). They date in all probability from the centuries 
 immediately before and after the lime of Christ,
 
 As U) llie (U'lival. ol' tlie word (&JI, ivorship, heiiii^- a 
 
 s ' ^ * 
 
 denoiii. from «JI , and ^J|, Ar strirkcn with fear, a 
 & - ' 
 
 variely of iJ;), it is j)robal»ly connected, as Arabic 
 lexicograpliers suggest, with 8Sl=_.S|, s/dne (comp. 
 
 Sanskrit drva-s, d-eo-g. fh'i/s, from tlio r.'id. fliv, shine, 
 and suras from sar , sliine); they however derive it 
 from 5^1 in tlie sense of cj'cate. 
 Ns'pN f. a ship; pi. vS;^D". Syr. -j-aX. 
 
 CN if: CN*c (lit. )vhat if ~~?) perhaps. Another form is 
 ]vV, ^^n; Ar. ^^J, Aetli. 'i\<P\ Heb. Phoen. CN. Syr. 
 ^1 , Sam. ^X )A. 
 
 |CN not in use; Heb. \12'^, prop up, support, ]c^n, be faithful, 
 Ar. 'wxf ^^ void of fear , secure, confide in, 'yA he 
 faithful; Aeth. h<^i\ trust, believe (comp. tX«jcjtt rely 
 upon, from (X»x. /z'^/ up). Hence V. j^cTl believe ; 
 Ar. Jjjcl w^//'6' 5<7/d?, protect, believe, ^^y^ protect , 
 w4.A_^'t (^od. Syr. ^■^^ ^ believe. This verb is an 
 
 Af'el, not a Pai'el, and one of (he very rare examples 
 in the otiier dialects of the Heb. form //if' 11 ; coniji. 
 in Arab. c>\Jb for oM ;^/.y/^ ^j'r* ^*^'' oM /^^^''^ ^^'6 
 viijLi for ^ (jive (imperat. of ^cS'l), ^^y^ and ^Jj^J 
 ^^ ^///rA- ; [)erliaps also Illtfi r^//, prune, and wcy^ shake 
 violently, annoy. 
 "iCkS, impf. ■';CN''., "1D\'', imper. "".rrx , inf. "^cvr, .sr/y. — 
 Heb. Phoen. '^^^:; Syr. -^y . Sam. '^•'ilA. ^fty^ order : 
 
 Ar. Jo I order. 
 
 "i?2kSV'r, ";??''C, N^C", //w^, speech, order; pi. p~;?2Vp,
 
 — 8 — 
 
 N'*"]". Also used (o denote self, partif. in reference 
 to God, e. g. II, 5. _- Syr. \'-^\u> ^ Sam. ^'^^m^. 
 
 y:^ where? whither? jN3^, j2^, whence? — k\.^\, ^\^; 
 Heb. ]\x, |\S'D, |ND (2 Kings V. 25, k'fib); Sam. 
 
 wt< (PiN) /; pi. i:njx, i:n;, me. — Ar. LSI, pi. ^ 
 (viilg. ^^, Q^, Ll^f); Aeth. hi', pi. ^/hi: Syr. 
 ]1\^ pi. ^-. (^J); Sam. A^A, ^^A, pl. )^A 
 ))^^A; Heb. ^iJX, ^:n (Sam. m:!il^A, m^A), pl. 
 i:nJN, later forms iJiX (Jerem. XLII. 6, k'fib), |Jn; 
 Phoen. IJN, pl. jM^N. 
 
 |1j'N. See Nin. 
 
 HON, K'J, ^p~ , a man, pei'son, individual; pl. j^ti'jN 
 (constr. ^it'iN), j^^'j\ — Heb. •^'IJX, Syr. ^li] pl. liil] ^ 
 
 Sam. "^-^^^pA; cognate forms are Ar. ^jLljJ (with the 
 collect. jj*iUl, ^13), j/*j[ mankind, Aeth. Alfi! (rare), 
 Heb. ij'>t< (for It'^N), Phoen. tj'N. The respective fem. 
 are: Ar. &jL«jJ (very rare); Aeth. K^h^'. Heb. mK'wS 
 (Sam. '^A^A or. %:^A), pl. dK^: ; Phoen. nii'x; 
 Chald. NHN* (^n}<), t<PnN, Nnr:j<, pl. pttg; Syr. ]z£jf^ 
 pl. Ui; Sam. ^AA, ^AAA, pl. ^m^^, |]mt^^. 
 n^N, r^, thou; pl. m. pn3f<, privS, f. ]T:n, ]^rit<. — Ar. m. 
 
 ^ 0* „ of , Jo* > )c* a Jo:? . , 
 
 opt, 1. oof, pl. m. pLiI (poet. jvAJi), f. ^^f; Aeth. 
 m. A^-r: f. Ki^'. pl. m. A^^c^: f. A^^l: Heb. 
 
 m. nnts', f. iPN, ni<, pl. m, dpx, f. jpn, n^^n^; Syr. 
 m. LI] , f. vk^r, pl. m. ^o'L]]", f. T^^^jf; Sam. m. %; AA, 
 AA, f. mAA, pl m. ^tAA, f. ^mAA.
 
 — 9 
 
 "ICN, iniporf. I'lD'".;', tie, hind, gii'd on. — Ar. ^t . Adli. MIJ/,: 
 Hehr. -iCN, Syr. jjul, Sam. '^t^A- 
 
 ri'^N ?voIk, no. — Ilel). n~!X. 
 
 n";it<, rr\^Xt., Nr.~ix, f. a way, rood, €?/sfo?/i , nmdi/rt 
 (conip. •^-'-, J^Ax^, iJwu*^); pi. in-]N*, xnrr. Heb. rr.c<, 
 Syr. Uol, Sam. V'^^A an.l V'^i/TlA. 
 
 ^->.N ///^//, //('cause; also ci~iN. romieoled, as well as I'^x 
 A>, with riN"^ -SYY'. 
 
 jjnN , N*i;"!N, f. the eaiih , the ground, a muntry. ■ — Ar. 
 y^tf, Heb. Phoen. |'^n, Syr. liil, Sam. "^V^A- — 
 The change of j^, ^, ^ into j?, n is very fref|ncnt: 
 e. g. <)^ '. yv , j,\s or wvy; ^^1 ////yyv^v/, y^y or 
 
 v.ii/, ^Lo, ]s*Ji, (n:;; w<?^c: -^^.y, -i^y.; o^^ PJ^*' 
 
 piJi; ^1^ change money, ws^jl; ^^J, HK"; , Nj;"!; 
 
 ^^"1 /^^>/ ^/.vM-, jYwc^: ^jLo, y':v. , i^r>' ^^5 nny, 
 
 t^n^y-^y or NP^y^w: x^oaj, ni^^r, Nryi, i^:^-^; clXjus, 
 
 j;""!?^, |J;'TV, l^'ol- Some words have passed through 
 another stage, and converted y, n into p, : : e. g. 
 
 p"^? "T'^' >f-^- 
 
 ''j;''^, n'V", NP", (^//(^ ^//vv /y/zrA (lie hoHom. 
 
 PN. See n:iN*. 
 
 {<rfc<, imperf. "'P"''', inf. ^p""?::, come. V. ""P^s hring , bring on, 
 bring to pass: inf. nNP\s. — Ar. ^f, IFeb. PPN, 
 Syr. |z], Sam. AAA: Aeth. M-CD: return home, enter. 
 
 "IPN, N~~PN*, /dace, dwelling jdace, count r g : pi. n;'";:PN. — Ar. 
 
 Ji\, Aelh. AilCi footstep, traee: S\\\ ]■•,/], Sam. 
 
 1*
 
 — 10 — 
 
 ^^AA. Hence ^pns, nn2, TLd, "^A^, JI^ or yb 
 
 (viilg. jib balhar'), afto' ; in Syr. il lakes the pron. 
 siifF. in the sing., in Chald. eilher in Ihe sing, or phir.; 
 at least we find nn2, nnr, as well as nn2, '•n'iins, 
 
 3 in, at or //^/zr, hy, ivith, on account of, etc. Ar. v^, Aeth. 
 
 a: Heb. Phoen. 3, Syr. >^, Sam. % 
 •iS'Ni, impf, il\s;3\ he had, unpleasant, tvicked: ''Ttbv ti'N? or 
 
 Th, he was displeased. Anotlier form is ii'ys. — Heh. 
 
 IfNZ! sf?iell hadbj ; Aelh. -flT^A! ^<? ^rt'*^, wicked, diffi- 
 
 ^?^//; Ar. (j^j *^^ wi'etched, ^j^ he hold, dariuy : Syr. 
 
 ^1^1, wj^l, do' mischief, ill-use; Sam. -^^Afi, -^^VS. 
 
 ^■">2, Nii'"'2, f. n:^"'2, ivrt^'^3, had, wicked; as a subst. 
 
 usually in the fem. i\r^'''2, pi. Nrii'i^, evil, 7vickedness, 
 
 misery, a calamity. — Syr. )"- -^ f. jL-A-ks; Sam. 
 
 ^^ms, f. ^A^ms. 
 
 '?n2. See n. 
 
 V'^a, imj)erf. y'^z^, syvallow. — Ar. Ijb Heb. y^r, Syr. v:^, 
 
 Sam. VZ3; Aelh. flAU: ^y//. 
 N^2, imjjerf. "»3;2\ ^?/.r//, ^^// or huhhle : ask, entreat, de- 
 mand. — Ar. ^^j swell and fester ; he p?'oud, lustful, 
 insolent, unjust; ask, demand; Heb. rys make hod; 
 ask, demand; Syr. jls desire, 7vish, ask ; Sam. /HV^ 
 and 1:V5. — Chap. I. 4. iN'i2nvsb N.^ys, on the point 
 of heing wrecked. Comp. in vnlg. Arab, jlo \\d^\
 
 — 11 — 
 
 *5lj, ihe wall is yimnj Ut /'all; and even in the 
 flassical dialed ci>«-^ ^^f C>\>\, fie was yoiny to die 
 (3iri wis/i), wliere later vviKers uniil ^f (see llie Z. <l. 
 D. M. G, vol. VI. J). 210); so in Pers. and modern 
 Greek, the Ful. with lsb\l^\^ and d^tXv), / wish, and in 
 our own lani;-. willi will. 
 
 lyr, niy2, i^r\~, pclilivn, entreaty ; Syr. Iz:^:^. Hence iyr2 
 pray ((juaeso, (jhseoro); Syr, -v^^^ Sam. tV3^, gen. 
 "5;:V^ and rnV^ ((ieseniiis, Carmina Samaril. III. '22. 1), 
 Hell. ^2 for '»j;2(lliis derivat. is confirmed bodi by die usage 
 of die odier dialects, and by the analogy of the vulg. 
 Arab., since in the mouth of the JJadawfn ^xxS lahyhi 
 has become tahi , Z. d. 1). iM. G. vol. VI. p. 210). 
 
 1"'j;2, NT, a beast of harden, and collect, cattle; \\. ]"i~i''^2, 
 6<n". Heb. -iij;2, Syr. j^'.s^; Ar. Lou a camel; Aeth. 
 
 •noznOi: ■(KJ^^: and •no^: an ox, pi. aqoc:: 
 
 ■^r . N"^!: , a son. — Syr. ]^, Sam. '^'^3, in die Sinailic 
 inscript. ":2, and in die Ekiikilf or vnljL^'. dial, of South 
 Arabia her. The pi. is \k2, n^:2, from ]3 (see Arab, 
 gloss, ^'p: Syr. ^i^ , Sam. ^<7l^3, also ^/7I^3; 
 in the Sinaitic and Himynrilic inscript. ">:2. hi hke 
 manner vvr;~2. a daay/tter, constr. niz; ]4h=, coiislr. 
 ^r^: '^A'^i^, conslr. A'^S; have in die pi. |J2, vsn^Z; 
 Uiougli ^'^S also occurs. — Derived from Lj, N";!2 . 
 iS"^:, lj.£;j A'^S, create; not bom -:-z /vr simple, pare, 
 innocent; comj). jj., ^';;', "and Sanskrit a7/////-.v, son, IVoni 
 the rad. .v//, beget, bring forth.
 
 — 12 — 
 
 C"]2 truly, indeed; but, yet, 7ievertheless ; Syr. >e-^ , Sam. 
 ^^3 and ^^5. Hilzig- on Daniel, II. 28, derives it 
 from the Sanskrit par am, fartlier, after, but; Gesenius 
 views it as an asseverative from *o or ^ot t7visi, 
 make firm; Dietrich, in his Abhandlungen zm* Ilebr. 
 Gramm. p. 226, as a contraction from PD "13, „ausser 
 was (das Folgende betrifl't)." 
 
 -inz. See "iDN*. 
 
 12^, ^"C^h ^'^^\, ^^1% a man; pi. NnD:,-2Jl. — Heb. 
 -yily Syr. i^, Sam. ^^31; Ai\ ^, according to 
 
 the Kamus, '^Sv<^ iXo J^iif^ A-Ql, „a king and 
 a slave (so that it is one of the words which have two 
 opposite meanings), and a man" ; Aetli. l-flCI ci slave 
 or se?'vant. 
 in, cut, ordain, decree, — Heb. in, Syr. j^^ Sam. '^'^l; 
 
 Ar. rC^ prune, slaughter. With. NQlii IT:, III. 5, 
 
 and NC^p in, conclude a treaty, comp. nns Dl^, 
 
 w.^a*iil? .^ms^ 2t?^^* V^?, and i!^^, ^S, ^'^, etc. 
 
 {<in:i, ni", Nni", ^/ ^/^rr^^. — Syr. Iz^v^and \hy^^ 
 
 Sam. ■^'^^t. 
 ^jl_ aheap; jil. i^^^;, ;«;<jry<?6r. — • Heb. ^:, pi. D^'^.4; Syr. ^ . \\ ^^ 
 
 Sam. -^mZZX 
 t^":;:, impf. n'p;^ uncover, unveil, reveal. — Ar. '%s^ , impf. 
 
 Jl^, uncover, reveal, polish, brighten; Heb. n'^;, Syr. 
 
 U^, Sam. AZX — Chap. 111. 10. |4 for p,^^, nom. 
 
 pi. m. (jf the pass, particip. N*'p-l or ^^\.
 
 — 13 — 
 
 pa not used in 1., cover; Ar. \^, llcl*. p. \'. px /'Wi^d'/', 
 shade , iiil'. N^i^i^; Syr. ,,_^i'. Hence in all (he dialects 
 
 the word Ibr a yarden, iUs*, li'l'! |: and n^^'J \\, 
 
 T 
 
 "1. See n. 
 
 NT See ]i. 
 
 DD", inipcrf. nS""",, slauyhte?' , sacj'ifice. III. "^1, sacrifice 
 often or in ^reat quantity, inf. NPG". — Ar. ^jj, 
 Aetli. H-flih: Heb. Phoen. n2T, Syr. ^?^ Sam. ^3T. 
 n2~, NrC", « vie Urn, sacrifice; pi. ]''ri2~. — Aj\ ^'o , 
 Heb. Phoen. n2T, Syr. j.I=;^ Sam. ^^3T. 
 
 |n or I"!-;, perf. ]-, imperf. |n^, yy. > Jfff^!/^'- — -^''- jj''^' 
 imperf. ^.Jo; lleb. |i~; Syr. ?, impf. ^oj-.; Sam. |]T, 
 
 impl". prn^im ; xVeth. XS.'i ! Judyment. 
 
 N^n.C, nh:-, ^/ province, ci(y ; pi. Nr: ". Ih'b. "J^'P 
 
 /7 province, Ar. auojoo ^/ r/Vy; Syr. |ij-».^^ Sam. 
 
 '?rn, t'^ni, impf. ^n"% ^<^' a/raid, /ear, dread. — Heb. '^n*; 
 creep (a serpent), approach with a stealthy, timid pace, 
 fear ; Ar. J^'i> c/i/er iulo a hidiny place (jj».3), retire 
 from fear, J<^l> hide one's self; Syr. Vl? , Sam. l^T. 
 Another form is n'^~. 
 N^^^m fear. 
 Nbrn. ^riTn", far, reverence: hence, that which is
 
 — 14 — 
 
 feared, a yod; \\. rn^n~. — Syr. lil:^!*?^ Sam. 
 
 n, ", ivho, which, thai ; conj. that, in order that, because; 
 Aetli. H! Syr. ?. Sam. T (comp. Heb. IW^). Like HI ? 
 and T, it is used to circumscribe the genitive, as 
 
 «3'?D"n nl:"'^:^', NVInI ns^c [the same construclion 
 
 t;- • T*- T;-- t:- l 
 
 precisely is found in Pers., for in jjUaJLu (j'-^jj;. ^f^c 
 Sultan's /'erman, the connective vowel i was orig. a relat. 
 pron. (Sanskrit ya) , and in the older Parsi is actually 
 so used; comp., for example, ctaishn i yazdan, the 
 praise of God, with u in daryawiha i pa ych'an, and 
 these seas which (are) in the world. Spiegel, Gramm. d. 
 Parsi-sprache , p. 52.]. With ^ or "i annexed, ^''~ or 
 Ti~, it is used with prononi. suff. to express the pos- 
 sessive adj., as ^^n or iTiT mine, Tj'p^i thine, ni;" his; 
 Syr. V^j , Sam. i^/TlT (Heb. — paiLicularly in the so-called 
 Song of Solomon and the postbiblic writings— and Phoen. Svj> 
 i^^S^vj^, Cant. I. 6, II. 7, n^y Sp nDini, hz>T\ hvj inre, 
 1T\\ ^^ D12, Plant. Poenul. V. 3, 22. Han amma 
 
 T T V 
 
 silU, h'^ J<CN in, hauon bene silli, ^h^ ^12 pin); 
 with 3 prefixed, h^^2, X^*^^, on account of (^ ~l"^f<2, 
 ^it'S). — Besides HI > and ^, other cognate forms 
 
 are ,j in the dialect of the Arab tribe Tayy (i^^b); 
 n in tlie Sinaitic iiiscript. (Z. d. D. M. G. vol. III. 
 p. 192); i in the Himyaritic (Rodiger's transl. of 
 Wellsted, p. 383, 393, 400), e. g. p-ihi T\'\yi = 
 (ijlj.ifc,j «-nZj ifi^ ihe month <tf Khurik (or the period 
 of the mons(jon); '•T, as mark of the genii., in the
 
 — 15 — 
 
 nioiinmoiil of rarj)Oii(i-as and oilier Slirniilic romairis 
 l)roii<<lit from Egyj)( (rieseiiins, Moniini. Pliooii. p. 2'2H, 
 242; and ] as mark of Ihc i^^i-nil. in I'lioen. (inscr. 
 Massil. 1. 6, 10). — 1 may add llial tlio Phoon. in- 
 scriptions furnish us also willi tlie inlennediafe step be- 
 tween -it^'N and /^' in the form t:^x, e.g. Massil. I. 20. 
 PNti';? nj-^i, K\x jnr^D, Athen. IV. h2:r\\ ^h n:u1> u'n (the 
 monument) ?f'/f/r/f Yittcnhid erected for me, Sidon. 
 I. 4. poz tt\x cpDZ, and in the formula -n: it'x, — 
 
 • • T It' -t 
 
 7vhwli vanned — . 
 
 "ID", impf. "^2*1^, rewemher. II. "^zix he remembered; rail 
 to rnind, remember. — Ar. '3i> , Aeth. H^Z, : Heh. ir* 
 (Phoen. "12! remembrniwe), Syr. j^? ^ Sam. ^"iiT. 
 
 Q", N?^~, ^/(!?^</. Other forms ai'e Q'N and □~n*. — • Ar. 
 ^O, Aeth y:<^\ Heh, c", Phoen. (according to Augus- 
 tine) edom, Syr. jc?, )Ie?, Sam. •*iJT and -^ilTA. 
 
 "b" (TjC"), impf. "icns sleep. — Syr. .^> , Sam. ^-^T. 
 ■qlci i)arti('ij). adj. sleeping, I. 6. — Syr. ^> , }j^». 
 
 |l, p m., N*- f., this, that; jjI. ]i^x. — Sam. ^f m., ^T 
 f., pi. ^1711 A; Aelh. in-fr: m. Hi:." f., pi. m. 'hyV^'t?: 
 f. }\Alf'fr; and in the Himyaritic inscript. p. (Rinliger's 
 transi. of WeJIsted, j). 398, 403). 
 
 n;", imjif. n^""*, i-ise (the sun). — Ar. ^yi, Aeth. lU^*: 
 Heh. rriT, Syr. >-»J? Sam. VpT: cognate forms in 
 Syr. are v_J-| and O^if. 
 
 nj"^, Nijj", the place ?vhere the si/n rises, the east. — 
 Ar. ^yiJ^, lieb. ""JT^, Syr. UJ^io , Sam. ^VpT-*il
 
 — 16 
 
 I I 
 
 M interrog. particle; Ar. I, Sam. '^. The fuller form is ?n, 
 Ar. JL». 
 
 pn, jnn m., x-jn f., M/.?, that; pi. p^vn, ]''^n; comp. of ^n 
 
 (Syr. jd) /^/^/>, and p. — Ar. Ij^ m., sj^, ^j^ f., 
 pi. eSiye; Heb. nin m., n^TH f., pi. n^f^H; Syr. jjd m., 
 
 ]9cn I., pi. ■ -*^'^' 
 
 i<')n m., NVi f., he, she, it; pi. m. ]^3N, f. ]''iN% and in bibl. 
 Chald. ]l!^n, 'i»r. — Ar. y^ m., ^ f., pi. m. "^ 
 
 9 9 ^9 
 
 (poet. *i>), f. ^ic; Heb. Nin m., X'Ti f., pi. m. en, f. |n, nrn; 
 Syr. C51 m., ^a\ f., pi. m. .aJq , ^oj], f. ^Jq , t^I- 
 
 i^jn, mVi, impf. N'lri]^ or ini, inf. i^HD, ^^, happen. — Heb. 
 r,V, and nin (Cxen. XXVTT. 29, Jes. XVI. 4), Plioen. 
 
 T T T T ^ 
 
 «in (inscr. Eryc. 1. 3. Nins comp. Ecd. XI. 3), Syr. 
 jooi^ Sam. "^I;:^; Ar. ^ya /^///, happen. 
 hz'*T\, ''ibz' , any large 1)uUding , a palace, temple, church; 
 pi. X^^/r"'n. — Ar. J.Xl^ he tall and stoat, jLXlfl> tall, 
 stout, also a palace or temple; Aelh. UJiflA". Heb. 
 ^Z.Ti, Syr. i^m. 
 
 Tjbn ^6», «r///,% liUie used in I., gen. in III. Ty,y\\ Ar. iHJljo,' ^Jlje, 
 rt'?>; Heb. Plioen. '?]^n, Syr. v^^, Sam. '^XIH. -Ano- 
 ther Chald. .form is 'jin, perf. "qn, an exact j)arallel to 
 our walk , excepi flinf we retain the / in writing. 
 I/U? ^ ?^r///t% journey. — Heb. 'pTxX^. 
 
 "Cm tu7'n, retmm; change ; overturn, destroy. II. ~cnrx he 
 turned, changed, destroyed. A cognate form is "^X
 
 — 17 — 
 
 - -E 
 
 turn, five. — Ar. vUlil move , remove, I nil most freq. 
 used ill (ho sense of teli a lie (coiiii). Pnjv. X\'1I. '20. 
 121^^3 "?|J^.)' '" ^ '"• ^^J^-^' ^^'" ovei'tunied , wlience in 
 (lie Km-nn, cjLxijyJf (scil. jm<X»-'(j, Sothnn and (jO- 
 morrlia , also called hy the Araks ibJLi^M ^j^t 
 (fioii) v_^i ////'//); Hel). T]rn, Syr. ^oi^ Sam. "^ii^^. 
 
 1 
 
 1 , 1, fl'//^, but. — Common lu all the Sliemilic dialects luider 
 the form ivo, ?v, u. 
 
 Nri, >2T, impf. "'2\\, he pure in a movfd sense, chaste, in- 
 nocent, just. — Ar. bT;, Heh. nrj, Syr. |I] . Sam. 
 ^il'^. In Aramaic physical purity is expressed by the 
 cognate ^ri, w^?, <7I^T. 
 
 ^?I ('?i» ''^'^?l)' r^^T-'' f- ^'^'tI' ^^^tI' 7^''^*^'' innocent, 
 just. — Syr. J=i. 
 
 ]CT iio( us(mI ill 1. — III. |r3T prepare, make ready , appoint. 
 
 invite. — Syr. ^]. 
 
 -1];t be small. — • Ar. >JLo, lils, Ileh. nj;-,;, Syr. j:!-) and 
 
 (in the sense of he despised) j^^, Sam. '^V^. 
 
 -l^j?i , NT, f. N^Vi, i<nn-, small, little, youny. — 
 Ar. iuLo, licb. "i^j/'-i, Syr. l^oi^^ Sam. ^^vV'^. 
 
 n 
 
 bzn not used in I., be corrupted or vitiated, rotten. III. 
 ^2n corruj>f, destroy. — Ar. J^k be sprained, out of 
 
 2
 
 — 18 — 
 
 joini or otherwise maimed, be mad, II. JuJ> />?// out 
 of joint, maim, disorder; Heb. ^2n, Syr, Vlil^ Sam. 
 ZS^. See Gesenius' Thesaurus, rad. ^2n. 
 tJin, 'Pin, ^^':", coj'ruption, injury, destruction. — Syr-U^l-.. 
 -I2ri not used in I., he united; III. "^iri nnite , comlAne. — 
 Heb. nzn, Aeth. f-flZ.: Syr. jlil. 
 "12 n, 1?ri, J^'^pn, /i'/^ associate, companion, colleague; 
 pi. |r:n, ^^n-. Hob. n;n, Syr. ^^ Sam. -^^3^. 
 Preceded I»y IZJ:, M<? o;?<? — the other (comp. i^'''N or 
 m,s witii nN% yn, n^aj?). 
 
 T T T .' *'- ../ • 't '^ 
 
 ■n, f. N"in, one. — Ar. cXi>l, f. ,^Jls^[; Aeth. AihS.: 
 f. AA-t; Ileb. iriN', f. rr>s, Plioen. ^^^<; Syr. ^; 
 Sam. T^A and T^, ^^^, f. ^^^, AA^, AA^A- 
 The rad. is IXa.:, inj, »^<^' single, at one with, united; 
 Aeth. 'I'CD'/h^: Ije united; Syr. ■ >'^ ■ ■- ■ /<>/?^, solitary ; 
 
 ^1"^ ^^^y^ excessively. 
 
 ksnn, nn, nn , impf. nn;., I'ln;'., ^<" y<^/r/, rejoice. — Heb. 
 
 n-n, Syr. ^'^^ Sam. ^^^, m^^. 
 
 NHij, i<r\T'\r\, joy, yladness. — Syr, \o^^ l^«t^^ Sam, 
 
 ^At^^. 
 {<in not used in I.: III. iin, i^n, announce, tell. — Ar. 
 
 ^^ ;t«j^/?/; Heb. n^n, Syr. ^al^ Sam. |7lt^ (ITIS^, 
 
 Din, perf. 2n, commit a fault, sin, he in deht. — Ar. 
 (-jl^, Syr. 
 
 S ^ 'J > 
 
 21 n, N2", a fault, sin, deht; pi. ]^2in, — Ar. lj««&., k-j^ja- 
 a crime, Heb. 2in, Svr. ]^i 

 
 — 19 — 
 
 N^'in, NHD", i'l.: hi. NHD". Ar. £rl^. ij.J>. Svr. jLiil , 
 Sam. ^31:^. 
 
 Din, |»erf. CP, iinperf. cin^. (cin;»), have compassion upon, 
 jtifi/, spai'e. — Heb. cin, Syr. oal, Sam ^^. 
 
 XTn , imi»r. iin;, iTn;i , .y^r, observe. — Hel». nin, Syr. )]f^, 
 
 Sam. ^-^3^ ■- A I', lis*, fit vine , prognosticate , Irum 
 walcliiiiy* the lliglit of birds (cum{». PiTri, "Nl). 
 
 ^CX\ snatch, carry off, pbinfler. — Ar. (^kia.. Heb. f]^n, P]nn, 
 Syr. wa4^ , Sam. 3^V. 
 
 p]1J2n, N^", rapine, violence. — Syr. ^Isi^ui*. 
 N'H , imperf. ^r\\, in;", live. — Ar. "..^^ ^J^'- Aeth. /ftj?0: 
 Heb. in, rrr;, Pb(jen. avo, hau, haaon (Plant. Poeniil.); 
 Syr. \1^^ Sam. ^iiH. 
 '\'^T\\A. life. — Heb. C^'^n, Phoen. cin, Syr. ,^*^, Sam. 
 
 pn, perf. jlj, feel compassion , pity, he propitious to. — 
 Ar. J^ , Heb. ]n, Syr. ^. 
 
 ]3n, NJ", compassionate, merciful. — Ar. ^ll^- Syr. 
 llil, Heb. p^n, Pboeii. HaniKj, Jvvwv (comp. //an- 
 nihal h^;z'^'l^^^ Anna r;:"). 
 
 CD 
 21tO he good. The various parts of tliis verb are fiiriiisiied 
 bv tiiree co!2,-nate radicals, 2Xl:, ZL:, and z'C^ . — 1. 
 perf. ZvSr, imperf. z::"., 2^:^^ ''''^' ''''v'//. happy. Joyful, 
 ol'leii used imj)ers. 111. z;';^: imprtn-e , Innefit. /irepare, 
 male read)/. W . Z^'^N. \'. 2^L:^.s\ Z^IT''^- ■'1'^" -'^'"' 2^::^n,
 
 — 20 — 
 
 with Ific sarm; si;:^iiir. as III. — VI. 2::"irN iiii|MTS., 
 rliaf). II. 9. — Ar. CjCb, iiii|K'ir. ,_^-Jaj , />''" good, 
 jdeasanl, rhcrr/'ul ; I Id*. Db, imp*'!!'. ^'I'^w Syr. -cU- 
 'L:, NH:^, r. ^^2^:, i^rZLS, <y^>o^/, jdeasanl ; roilovv(;rl ()Y ]D, 
 heller Ihan. — Ar. L^, I !<•'»• 31L:, Syr. ^^ 
 Sam. 'J^. 
 
 13^, m- Nni" (joodness, houiilfj ; pl. p2t3 (]pt2). — 
 Syr. ]zal4, l'^^^, ^«""- ^fAt:^^. 
 lltO, K"l", « 7?ioanlai/t ; \)\. «n". Il''l>. "llli, Syr. j^a^ ^ 
 
 Ar. !jo. 
 
 ' =• ' 
 'p'^D no! iisf'fl in I.; III. h")p_ shade, cover. — Ar. JJUo, 
 
 Aelli. KAA: Hcl.. '^^y ami SSp_, Syr. " .li:^ . 
 
 '?1J0, N^ltO (for t^"?^), shade, shadow. — Ar. J^, ll<'f>. 
 
 biJ ari'l t^J^li, Sam. i^. 
 
 ^<'7^;p, n^J:p, i^n^Lrp, ^/ .v//^/^/^ or foveriny , a (IJfjhUy 
 haill) hul; [)!. i<;'^J:c. — Ar. 1ULk» , Aelii. (PK\'V: 
 Syr. li;xfc^ and V^^ , Sam. 2,^'^. 
 {^VPj ""I'f- "'J^^'*? wander, f/o aslray , err; connate fonii 
 fc^yp. ■ — licit. rij;n; Ar. ^J^^ 15*^' ^''' disohedienl, 
 rehcUious, i//i//l(H/s, S> f. \i^ ^ Sam. tfV^. 
 
 lyiO, nr, NHI", /"/vwr, ani<l<d: id. t<my£2 (j^nytO, wliidi 
 soriui (l(;rive from a sin^. t<iyc:). Syr. , .^.oi^ and 
 
 f^ol:-^, Sam. tfAW^: Ar. ^^\^d an idol, Aclli. 
 i^\k^'\''. uliciicc (lie dcnom. /i^'lUd): worshi/t Idols. 
 
 CV.L:, impcrf. CJ;l:i, lasle, eal. — Ar. Ijdo, Aelli. ^<KJ^'. 
 liel*. cj;d, Syr. va£^.
 
 — 'il — 
 
 nsp strike, r/a/) ihc IkihiIs : (Iciiniii. IVoiii ncti, wliidi <»rig. 
 siii^iiif. I he open jHibn <t/ the hand (S\r. . >^^/ sjirvad tnif, 
 
 Ar. Xo, Aelli. il^tjh:: O^ih.' fi^^iii: hrcailllij. — 
 Aelli. Ill4tfh.' Ar. ^i-o, (^a**,, (^3-ft-o, /«-&*-? *i-o, 
 Aelli. ^4:0: Heb. pDD. 
 
 l^'D'>, ti'"'2S iinpf. ICD^^, ^c '//v/, <//-y //yy, nilhcr. — Ar. 
 J>^, Aelli. P-Hi-i: llrl>. li^zj, Syr. ...J:^, Sam. ^'^^, 
 t<p;^2> ///6' dry (J round, html ; jtroperly (iie feiii. of (lie adj. 
 tt'^31 = tj/D^ (Ar. , mIaxj", Syr. )a.-. 1. — Ileb. ni^r, n*.:'2% 
 
 Syr. 12.^^1, Sam. ^A^iilTl. 
 1!. «y, «TN*, f. M^' hand: \A. ]n% Nn\. — Ar. cXj (vulg. 
 
 Jo, Jul)^ -^^''''- ^•'•"- l^*^'''- "t' ^^'''- r*? 'r^'j ^''^'"* 
 ^m M.i.r TA. 
 N1^ iio( used in I.: III. >"1T confess. V. n"*X con/ess, tjiee 
 thanks, praise : Ileb. nnlPI, Syr. -'io'l . Sam. Ai' vA. 
 HiNTiN, NPiSi^S', xnnlN, confession, thanks<jivina, praise ; 
 also wriden TNlin. Tlie correspondinp: word in Ileb. 
 is n^in (also used in Cliald.), and in Syr. b»»?sz. 
 
 j;i% imperf. yi"! ^1a[)-> V"".' iiii|ier. yi, inf. V"^c, parlici[). 
 yn^^ and j;ni, know. — Ileb. yi^, Syr. "s^,^; Aelli. 
 ^JJ.'MJ ! make knon^n, announce. 
 
 2n>, imper. zH , partieip. ZPi^ and 2"'P, j///v'. The im|ir. \r\ 
 and inf. jP?:: are from jn:, iiol used in llie perf., imper., 
 and pardeip. — Ar. v_AiC.. im|>i. v^. imper. v^ ' 
 Aelli. (DlMi: impf. indie. .KlHi: siibj. IMI-fl." imper.
 
 — 2'2 - 
 
 U'il! llol). DH^, .scarcely used cxcq)! in llie iiiipcr. 
 rn or HDh; Syr. ^!iil • Sam. '^i'^rH. (■(tmnlcto in all 
 lis parls (inii)er. soiiieliiiies X^ and ^A)- 
 "lin^ rolled. ///(' JcN's, ,h«iac<i. 
 
 \x"in^ Oi^n')^ nN"j-, ^/ Je)i\ 
 
 C1^ N^-, ^ <%.- pi. ji^li, iSn^-. At. r^j, Aelli. V<^\ 
 (tiuhnj. Hoiv), Heb. C'i^ Syr. iLal, Sam. ■^^ll'lTl- — 
 Hence, in oonib. willi ->nN, T\\2 tomorron\ in Cliald. 
 N^'^n^l^ and l-inr^l"" as well as nn?:, Syr. 1mU>, Sam. 
 
 t:t It:t t:'> •' 
 
 ^^til- Examples of similar mnlilalions are NTr^'H 
 (iSnVLt' JnT) now, Syr. ^d and L^d; vuli>-. Ar. L1.J /o 
 
 //-/.v //<>///•. ijct (for xlLliJ); "IpH'^'^* G'^'\)^P"p. ^^'^'^') ^^^^'^ 
 ^^r//% and N'-rkl'N (x~n NTt^') M/.v y^'WA; vulg. Arab. 
 IiA^i lor Ja-1: ^^ /// (he midst; etc. 
 
 NH'' not used excepi in W "TIIN', iplN, luislfn, make haste. — 
 Ar. f^-"*) and V. ,^.=«-Ij" liaslcn. 
 
 2L!\ See zrc. 
 
 ;^"> for H^nV Whaleyer be (he eorreel pronimcialion of 
 ilie word ^"lH^ Jehovah (or rallier lehovah) is cerlainly 
 ineorrecl. The vo\vel(>oin(s belong lo a K'r'i perjje- 
 taum "):'1N* or Cli'r'N; and Ikmicc we find, nol T^^T^h 
 and nin^l, bnl T\\T\'h and mIH^I (i. e. ">y-N^ and i:ix^): 
 not nin^ ^:'"!kS*, bnl always nirp "iJ^vS (i. e. c^n'^X ^J'^x)- 
 To jH'onounee Ihe name Jehovili would be (piile as 
 corieel and reas(»nable as Jehueah. The cNidence of 
 some of die later classical aulhors and of the Fathers 
 nf llie Church (who write lAil, lAOYy lEYn, 
 Jaoh. Jahn) leads to die pi'i»nimcia(ion rTin'' lor •"*"' or
 
 — '23 — 
 r^^? {cuiu\k zz] for zir\ iz\"\ c^"* for c^pO. ;uror- 
 
 iliii^- to llu' lorm Zpr. Ct': Ixil ;is TliO(nloivlus ainl 
 E|ti|>li;inias i^ivo HUE, iW lonuor addiiiii llial siuli 
 was llic |tn"ii. of lilt' Samarilaiis. il is o\tremt'l\ jwultaMt' 
 that llic corivtl I'tMiii is TT^ lahvch. IVom D^H = 
 
 'PZf, "rOV impf. 'i'TV inf. 't:. I»' nhh'. — Holt, "^r^ (imitf. 
 ^2V). Sam. ViiTl: Arlli. "JUM " 
 
 u\ N0\ the snr. |»l. |^::v N'S'. — Ar. *!). llol>. PlitKMi. 
 C;, Syr. U^. Sam. ^'^^liTl. 
 
 M»>, (;'<a>). ,n: -, r. fhr /it/Iif hand. - \v. .yj<^ . Aolli. r*-"^"? ! 
 llol>. ;v:\ Syr. jjui^, Sam. rj^ia'^iin. 
 
 r)r^ iioi usoil o\(0|i| in W !^r\x. ^'Z:\x. "'I'l. inrrcosr. do 
 n<i(iin. - ll(>l). r)p\ ^^^rin, Syr. ^rcl, Sam. 3V^vA. 
 
 F)p\ S(>o -p:. 
 
 •^p\ impr. "ip>^, hv hvavij , hunlrnsomt' . vtih/ahlr. III. "ip^ 
 honour. — Ai. ._i, . vJ , . ^'''' liciivi/ . iirnvr . sntofr. 
 l-j lu'dt'tif: ll("l>. -ip_^. S\r. ^, Sam. 'WtU- 
 
 "lp>, ^"^~' fi''>f'ffi, honour, pionp. — Ar. vL*'. dit/nifi/ 
 of manner, tfrtrrifi/. Holt. ~^pv S\ r. Ij-^l^K Sam. 
 'WmA. 
 
 n^ a word iMi'T. lo k\v{. iioiiiis in (he accus. . idoiilual with 
 
 \W ll(>l>. p\s, TIN. PN ((Josoniu^" (iram. ililli imI.. 
 
 ^. li1l. I. riMii. !. and ^:^. 11.'). 'J willi lli(> noto), 
 
 IMiocn. r\X (Sid«»n. I. 4. * rri!"^ n\x ~r?' \S* C'N 'tO. 
 
 V T : • 
 
 Syr. ^J.: S.nn. \,Tt. »^ -. ^'V'^A. r^'^* -^Wm'V
 
 — 24 — 
 
 ^^^/7l- (n-^s) ^ArnS (see Geiger's Lolnbiicli ztir 
 Spraehe d. Miscliuali, p. 36, where are ciled among 
 ojher examples Dl^n 'inix, nit^'n HHIvS*); perhaps Ar. 
 LjJ, used (like Aelli. ^J*.') only \vi(h pron. siiff. 0Lj][, 
 sLjI, etc. 
 
 2r\i, yr\\, impf. dh^;*, 2n% miper. Dn (2^n), inf. dh^c, Dnp, 
 
 .v//, ^/;^y7/. — Ar. C^i, impf- v..-*^, imper. ^Iaj, in the 
 Himyari tic dialect 6-// (generally /<:'rt/?^;, v_/Lj* a seat, v_<oi 
 stand immovcahle ; Heb. 2ti'''j Syr. ^^^.^ . Sam. ^AHl, 
 imper. 3iA. 
 
 3 as, like, according to; Ar. i) , Phoen. 2, Sam. ^. — 
 «D3 />/.; Ar. U/', Aeth. H\<P\ Heb. Id::, Syr. jio^l , 
 Sam. ^^^. 
 
 ^53 ("^j), ^^'^i:, ^^3, ^^'^'^ totalit)/, the whole, often to be 
 transl. as an adj. whole, all. — Ar. J.S', Aetli. TP-A-I 
 Heb. Plioen. ^3, Syr. V^^ Sam. VA and 2^^. 
 
 |r so, thus\ Heb. ]3, Sam. ^*A\ Syr. ^2 Mi^^/? ; prob. con- 
 
 traded for j"i3 M^ /^/^ (Ar. tJJ^ and iiUtXT, Aeth. 
 
 Y1<P*H: //^?/.v). — j3-^j; tlierefore. 
 t<CQ gen. used in III. ipz, cover , conceal, clothe or di-css. 
 
 IV. "'D3nx ^6' covered, concealed, jmt on clothes. — 
 
 Ar. L-li^ clothe, Heb. nD3 gen. nDr, Syr. \As gen. u.^^ 
 
 Sam. g^^. 
 ]j;3 ;^<>;^^, a word of doubtful origin. It has been thought 
 
 by some a secondary foimation from |3 (comp. |3~1J^ 
 
 Nelicm. 11. 16 with ]V2~~V Ezra V. 16), whilst others
 
 — 25 — 
 
 have derived it Iroiii (lie Arab. rad. Jwc come into 
 
 vii'/v, luipiHii. Possibly it may be t(jijiiecled willi |~j; 
 
 time (roMii). nyz). 
 T"12 only ill \'. nZN cry aloud, proclaim, preach, declare: 
 
 Syr. 1^1, Sam. "^^-^i. Prob. from (lie Gr. xr/^wooo. 
 wNDir, 'Cr\2, "iD^ir, N^D", a throne; pi. llD'^r " "li2. M«'b. 
 
 •• : T ■• : T ' ■• ; T : 1 It T : T ' 
 
 t<p2, which is the orig. form; Syr. ^jal, Sam. I7l^^:ii, 
 
 h 
 
 h to, for, according to, etc. Sign of the dat. and of the 
 acciis. — Ar. J and with proii. siiir. J, Aeth. A I Heb. 
 Phoen. h, Syr. '\, Sam. 2. 
 
 vh no, not; Ar. S(, Heb. N'^ Syr. jJ and ail^ Sam. AZ. 
 It supplies (he place of the Heb. Phoen. nS and ^n, 
 which latter does not occur except in l)ibl. Chald., and 
 is likewise unknown (o the Ai'ab. and Syr. hi Sam. 
 however we lind ZA, J^nd in \c(h. AiAP ! there is not, 
 h^nv\ f have not, AA-fm: etc. 
 
 ^7, K2^, with sufT. i2h, the heart, pi. ]'^':b/, also constf. 
 22^, with sutf. ^22"^, pi. N^22'-. — Ar. ^, Aeth. 
 A-n: Heb. Phoen. 2': and 22^7 (inscr. Eryc. I. 5, 6), 
 Syr. ik:;^ Sam. fii and 33X 
 
 wzb, ti'^^'r, i'lipl"- It'?/"'. 7 P^'l *"f clothes. — Ar. J^ > Aetli. 
 A-Oi'i: Heb. i:'2'^,, 1:^2^, Syr. ^1:^, Sam. -^SX 
 
 B'12^, Ni^'~, a garment, rohe ; pi. ]^i:'-. Ar. ;j^^, 
 Heb. ^^lh, Syr. U^^, Sam. ^^"-l^Z. 
 
 2*
 
 — 26 — 
 
 "•n^ inil>f- '•n':'', labour, he tvearinL /'a('i(jiic<L disheartened. 
 \.'^rh^tire, iveanj. Shafel ^rhr id.: Ishtaf'al ^n^PiT'^^ 
 be wearied, faint. Cognate forms are \xS and ij^V, 
 Ar. ^^l be stow or tazy , ^^l misfortune, diffieulty ; 
 Heb. hN^ and nnb; Syr. ^y . Sliafel ^cvl^ : Sam. '^VZ, 
 whence tlTIVi, tAZ, tiTti, fatigue. 
 ^'^ThrcZ'^^ ni", weariness, faintness, despondency. 
 
 Pl'^, m^, wilh snff. "ini"^, ]inni^, ^//, /^<"^/r, /^ or towards; 
 Syr. ^1^, Sam. hXX. Properly a noun denoting 
 ad ties ion, connexion, from Ni/ or il':^ adliere, be united, 
 ?Ieb. ni'^, Syr. ^ali^ Ar. Ti: ^^ ;?^fl'r. Willi the same 
 
 rad. are connected "'ijn, t), and Ar. Jt. 
 
 N-nS. See in, 
 
 'p;''^., h'h^, ^'h'h (from the form 'h;h, Sam. jTtZmZ, used as 
 an adv. -6y /?/;^/^^. niylit ; pi. ]1^">'?, |i^>':. — Ar. jjj, 
 III'. Aelh. AA^: Heb. ht> rb-^^.. Syr. vl^J^^andgl^:, Sam. 
 
 n""^. See n\s. 
 
 D 
 
 {<?:^, nc ("HC, n??), what? ivhat, 7vJiatso€ver ; as an adv. 
 winj? how! — Ar. Co, Aelh. <^'. Heb. nz2, Syr. ]L ^ 
 Sam. '^^. — CN^. See DN. 
 
 VA'C (jCj, W, w/^ articte of furniture, pot ov vessel, instru- 
 ment of any kind, dress; pi. pjX^, N^,^'- Syr. plio . 
 
 Sam. ^^lA^, Ar. ^^Uo. 
 cy^c a word of obscure origin, corresp. to the Heb. nc")N^, 
 somethiny , often conjoined with N'^ to give addit.
 
 — '27 — 
 
 foice lo llio iienaf. — not a single thiny\ S\i. >c^. 
 Fi'irst (Cliald. (Jiaiii. p. 97 note) and r)i<'lri(li (Alj- 
 liaii(lliiii^('ii znr IIcln-. Gr. |). '2'25) drriNc !ZV~C from 
 j;-p = nj;'n (rad. y-j) and nc, cumpariny j;ti^, and 
 view >c^ic^ DT'D (c~?;), ■'""'C, as a larllicr n)ii(iaclion. 
 This deri'at. certainly seems more juohaMc tlian llial 
 proposed hy Bernslein, ^? ^ jxirs /lar/is , uliqua 
 pars, particularly as noiND seems rallicr lo l.c derived 
 from c\SC, C1C, fi fl(in\ defect (lience wiial is worth- 
 less, ins'ujni/iraitl, t''i/f'>i{/) tiian from nci n?^. See 
 Dietrich, Al.liaiidi. y. 233. 
 
 n^D, perf. n^c, impf. mc^ (n^c:).), inf. n?2p (ncc), die. — 
 Aw yLjUc, Aeth. ^-V: Heb. PC, ini|)f. mc^^; Plioen. no 
 r/^Y/^/ (Massil. 1. 17); Syr. i^; Sam. AA^ an.l A(7I^. 
 impf. At^lTl, 
 
 nic, N-n-, death. — Ar. i^, Aelli. 'P'!^ : llrh. nic, 
 conslr. n^^, Plioen. nc (iiiscr. Eryc. I. 7), Syr. lIi=L . 
 Sam. ^At'il. 
 
 ^•mC, impf. ■'HC^ strihe, bite oi- ,s//>/y fan insect). — Ileb. 
 vsnc, rn?:, Syr. U:^ , Sam. ^W^^ (also wrillen with '^ 
 (tr V l""'r ^, and with '^ or jT^ for rj"). 
 
 {s*'^?2, inipf. ''L:c\ r^w*^ /'o, /r//r//, happen. — Ar. .-.dix; yo"; 
 Aeth. ^/fA: romc , find; Ileh. N'J?; /w/; Syr. j^^, 
 Sam. ^^^^, iTl^'il. 
 
 l^ip, vSjC, constr. "ic, ^^'^/("r. — Ar. &Lo, pi. sLl«; Aeth. <7^J*: 
 Heb. cy;, Phoen. V2 (Eryc. I. ti): Syr. ^i:^ , V^ , 
 Sam. ^iTl^il. 
 
 tJ^O not used except in III. ^'I'p, .sy^^r//-. IV. ^^crN'. Heb. 
 'i^-O, Svr. V^' , Sam. W^X.
 
 — 28 — 
 
 "Tj'/C, iiiipf. '^I'rTp^, counsel, advise; rule, reign. — Ar. 
 viJUU possess, Aeth. <PAH\'. Heb. r^, Syr. v^l^, 
 Sam. ^Z^. 
 
 Tj'jp, N'S"???, <? /iv>/^; pi. X'i^.'O, ^\^.~- Ar. IJLU, Heb. 
 Phoen. "?|^n, Syr. jll^'^ Sain. H^X*^, 
 ID^p, m", NHI", pi. ^'^P"J sovereignty, royal dig- 
 nity. — Syr. liaal^^ Ar. ^iyCJU, Heb. niD^D = 
 
 Ar. rXJU>o, Heb. n^'^^^JO, Phoen. hd'pdd (inscr. Sidon.). 
 
 ]D. See jND. 
 
 |n i>^'/^6'.^ w/?^^ whosoever. — Ar. J^, Syr. ^^ Sam. ^•^; 
 Heb. "ID. 
 
 ]C />w;^ <>/^ <?^// 6/^ etc. ; after an adj. than. Orig. the con- 
 struct state of a noun p a part or portion, from a 
 rad. pD = riJ^D. — Ar. ^x, Heb. Phoen. |?d, Syr. ^^ 
 
 Sam. J]^; Aeth. "hep: and 'hce^i" 
 
 Xj?p the belly \ hardly used except in the pi. |ii;p, t^^J^.p, tlie 
 intestines, the belly. — • Ar. ^w and ^w <5'/^ intestine, 
 pi. EliJil; Aeth. A^D-^: pi. Act^OT^: Heb. d^j;d; 
 Syr. ,^x:^; l-iili^j Sam. ^nlV^, 
 
 N2J not used except in IV. ''SJnN prophesy. — Ar. Lij" , 
 Aeth. l^iflP: Heb. N3i and X2:nn, Syr. . ^^^^j- denom. 
 
 from g^, ^, i(l^: «^2:, nNi2J or N^J, }_LaJ^ 
 
 A^5|] , <? prophet. 
 
 niJtlD^, nnX", prophecy, a prophecy. — Ar. H^, 
 
 Sam. Wt3^.
 
 - 29 — 
 
 "1^: draw, /low; Syr. ^ be ex k' tided, long; Hob. iJl^, Phoeii. 
 1JI3 (itiscr. Eryc. 1. 6), he spread out, poured out, 
 /low. 111. i:; holt or har, chap. II. 7, deiiom. from n*-J3; 
 (Ar. ^Ij_s\j) c/ Ixdt oi- ^rt-/-. Several edd. liowever liave 
 in this passage n"i.T; or D"!:: (niJJJ, from "i^:, iiupf. 
 "Ilit^ or "llJir, dratv, lead] Syr. ^ iiiipf. ^^ Sam. 
 
 Ti:, impf. -T]>, t;(?/^\ — Ar. 'j6, Heb. Phoen. 1"13, Syr. 
 s^^^ Sam. ^t|]. 
 
 "TlJ, NniJ, ^^ vow: pi. jn-ij. ■ — Ar. ^jj, Heb. Ti^, 
 
 Syr. ly^ Sam. ^'^T^. 
 inj, N"in;, N*";nJ, ^/ mw: pi. |nn; and jnrij. From the 
 
 rad. 1^ //'.ry;^', Heb. in^. — Ar. 1^ or 1^, Heb. ^n:, 
 
 Syr. li^ij, Sain. ^^^^. 
 mj, perf. r[\, impr. "IJ^ (^<:' qaiel, tranquil, cease or desist. 
 
 — Heb. n;, Syr. ^, Sam. ^^. 
 
 ]1J, Nr, <? /ish: pi. pj;i — Ai\ ^^L. Syr. jjaj^ Sam 
 m)t^, conslr. Am^t|]. 
 
 ^"iti''™, N'^", ^/ storm; \A. p^". wares, hillows. Syr. |i ^1^0' 
 It seems to he connected widi the rad. ^'lTTI. 
 
 nm, impf. nin;", mn^, imper. mn, ird". PTO, descend. -^ 
 Heb. nnj, Syr. 2^, Sam. A^,], AV^. A secon- 
 dary formation from m:, like nnir', nit!', from 
 
 btOJ, impf. ':")l£'>_, imper. ':5iD, li/t up. carnj, set out on a 
 
 journey. — Heb. '?tOJ, Syr. V^a he /war}/, Sam. XV^ 
 set out Of) a journey. 
 
 2D3, 2"'DJ, impf. 2D', imper. rc. /'-'//v. — Svr. . ^[va. Sam.
 
 — 30 — 
 
 pDJ. See pbp. 
 
 ^D:, impf. ^D% ^1©^^, h'ie:], in bibl. CliaM. ')©';, A///. — Heb. 
 "rBJ; Syr. VaJ . impf. Vkj; Sam. 2,3,]. 
 
 psj, impf, p)^\, pB\, imj)er. p)B, go or come out. — ■ Ar. 
 
 ;J^aS come out of a hole, sell well (merchandise) ; Syr. 
 
 ^^, Sam. V3^. 
 t^'Dj, Ntf'^J, f. //^^ breath, the soul or ^y>/>7/, /-'/J/ ; \)l jt^c:. 
 
 — • Ar. (jliS, Ae(h. i^tfi." Heb. r^'DJ, Syr. ^kj , Sam. 
 
 ^AAA.^"]^ Used in all the dialects to express self, 
 
 e. g. "ilt'c; myself, like ci^';, CI. J, ^^^, Jcolo , etc. 
 
 r^p: not used = Syr. ^axj ^^ joined, adhere, follow ; == 
 Heb. pjp] strike. V. r]ipx 76>///, ///^/y*?;, y<9 round, 
 su?Tound. This form is often wrongly referred to a 
 rad. ^p\ 
 
 jPi give, not used in Aramaic except in tlie imperf. jn*;, |nj\, 
 Syr. '\Lj^ Sam. ^A^H; and inf jnp, |njQ, Syr. Vi^^ 
 Sam. 'pA^- — Heb. Plioen. ]nj. 
 
 NJC, ">:p, impf. ^IZ^\, g7-ofv, increase, he great or nuinerous. 
 
 V. iiip{< augment, mulliphj, maguifg or r.ir///. — Heb. 
 
 riots', ^W, Syr. ^, Sam. Al^, fni^. Cognate 
 
 form y^p. 
 tN*^:ip, ^iJp, f. nN"";;?, w;/^//, numerous, great\ pi. m. I^X^jp, f. 
 
 ]N'-. Heb. ^^ip, Syr. ^^ , Sam. (Tllt^. 
 
 ^ID, perf. ^D, imj)f. r]iD^, <:7/^/, ^.vYAvt^, perish. — Heb. p]D, 
 Syr. waa, Sam. 3p.
 
 — 31 — 
 
 ^,Q, ND", r/f//. — Syr. ^ii , \lajo , Sam. 3t[^; Ar. 
 
 Oj-w, a parlicic \nv\'. (o the iiii|i('if. wlirri il dciiMlcs 
 
 nidirily, usually ahhrev. JL. 
 r)*D reeds, scfnveed. Occurs only in llic phrase rji^l NSD' 
 
 from llic licit. f]iD~CV 
 "InD (JO rot/nf/, siirroiinil. — llcl». iriD, Sam. '^VJv^ : in 
 
 Syr, we lind (lie dei'iv. jiojla it slrolliin/ iiinitHcanl, 
 
 be(/</ar. 
 
 "llnp j)i"op. a noun sig'nif. eirri/if , eireiimfej-enre (Sam. 
 '^^P, '^A^), l»ut used as an adv. around, rou/id- 
 ahoul , and commonly repeated h "llnp line — Sam. 
 ^^^, ^^A^, "i^A^, ami with sulT. A^^iE^, 
 AA^^t^. 
 ^20 ("^rU') hutk ii])fHK he/told, eonlenijdate, consider, under- 
 stand; hardly used except in IV. ^rnpN. — Heb. ^ztr, 
 Syr. VbY-rJ. Sam. iilA^A. 
 
 p^.p, p^'?p, iini)f. pp": (for p^,p;), imper. ^^ (for p^p). inf. 
 ppC (for p'rp?^), go up, ascend. 111. p^p ma he aseeiid. 
 raise, remove. IV. pS'ilpN. \'. ppN* (for p^CN) make 
 ascend, bring forth, offer. — Syr. ■ ^'^'^ , Sam. ViP. 
 — A rad. pc: does not exist in Aramaic, lor Vt^ in 
 Sam. (Gen. XIX. 15) is not for Vt^^ (as 3^ f..r 
 3^^, V3. XX^^ Uhlemann's Institutiones, §. '26. 1. 
 annot.), I»ul for Vi^; and ^a is the usual form of 
 the jterf. in modern Syriac, e. i;. in the Creed, 
 r.Vi^l. (julxar ,_^rx^l Jj| / believe (that) he ascended 
 to heaven (oil^a for ?vlk ^v-^ ). See an article hy Rr»- 
 dii;"er in (li(> Z. I', d. Kunde d. Mdr^'enlandes. Mil. 1|. j(. 91.
 
 — 32 — 
 
 ^XCD {hi2C) and hi<r2\L', del". nh~ , llie left hand. — Ar. 
 
 jUxo, Heb. te^, Syr. i^ ^ Sam. ^ZA'ii^. 
 Ni^CD, NTi", (I sftip\ pi. Nnr. Ar. 'iJuJi^, Heb. n^'CD, Syr. 
 
 \LX>^ja^ Sam. ^pfil3^. The word prop, denotes a 
 
 large decked vessel, from j^D cove?\ 
 
 ]Dp, Nr, a sailo7'\ pi. f<^j-. Syr. jika. 
 
 pp, N|~D (iS*,"^ii'), coarse cloth, sackcloth \ pi. |t|?p. — Heb. 
 ptt', Aeth. lU*: Syr. iJi^ Sam. ^?^. From the 
 Shemitic lang. the word has passed into the Lat. and 
 Greek, (jorxxog, saccas, and thence into the modern 
 European languages. 
 
 I^JJ (iU' ^T~' ^'*'^'^6ct. ^^^^ or _^r>/7/.v. — Ar. ^jLo , Heb. 
 ]Nii, Syr. jiiT^ Sam. "^^AV; in Arab, however ^Lo, 
 individ. i^L2, is limited to sheep (the word for goats 
 
 Go-- G ^ G .- 
 
 being yuo, indiv. ytLo), whilst sLi (Heb. nti;') is an 
 indiv. of either sort, the corresponding collect, being S^. 
 ■|2i?, impf. "izyi, "2j;!, ''^^^j w^X:^'. — Syr. ^s^ Sam. T3V; 
 Heb. nzj; labour, se?'ve, worship a deily, in which last 
 sense Ar. lU^, but Jux. = Heb. Phoen. -|2j;, Syr. 
 |^>q1 tf .v/tfz^^ or servant. 
 
 "I2"lj;, t<"i?", ^<?^'^, deed, act. • — Sam. ^^'^:V. 
 NiiZj?, NHi", work, business, trade or occupation. — 
 Syr. \ir^, Sam. -^A^m^V. 
 
 D"i_j;, impf. ipj;.";., "IPV^., Z?'?'?'^ '^^ ^r ww. — Ar. lit, Heb. 
 -ipj;, Syr. jlii.^ Sam. ^:3V.
 
 — 33 — 
 
 1)1 I'liiij. N'hili', u II I'll : |ii('|). i/iiriii//. iiii/il , as far as, ////, fo. 
 H«.'l). ij;, Syr. ^, Siim. 'iV. I'lojicilv ;i iioiiii tlt'iiu- 
 (itii:;" pro(/rrs.sio/i, I'ldiii I lie \<'il) 
 
 Xny, impf. "'"y'', pass, willi "rj;, //^/.v.v cy/vv* , romc ajiini, 
 befall, \\\\\\ 1^, jiass a nay, rcci'de. V. ">~i;N viakv jtass, 
 remove, rasl off — Ar. f J^ . Aclli. U.»?(D: Svr. )^. 
 
 Dij;, wN2"j;, ^/ lot : |>l. jiz-ij;. llriice j^2->; kSr:":. = r'^en 
 nielli: r^/.v/ lots. 
 
 T 
 
 pU% 1 '<'■'• pJ-N ^Ji' iKtrrow , in distress oy anijiiish. — Ar. 
 ^Ui, iinpf. ;^j.A^j Syr. ^: Aelli. A'i^04»: and 
 
 A/t04>; contrael, compress, distress; Ilch. piyn and 
 
 pij?n, Sam. VlTlVA. — Gen. used ini|)ers. Th_ ppj; 
 
 (soil. riJ'?:) = Llii vLii^ = ib -^V; coni|\ Syr. 
 
 «3iJ:^ hL-^ , 01^ ^Uio /^^ ^<^r/.y shocked ur disy listed. 
 
 N'Pj;, np.j;, N*rpy, distress, anijuisli. — • Heb. npj;, Syr. 
 
 \'LaL^ Sam. ^VV. 
 ^^y, perf. Sy, inipf. 'piy, hy\ imper. '^'iy, H'. iid'. ^j;c, 
 
 yo ill, enter. — Ar. ji insert, llcb. t'Hj? (Job X\'I. 15), 
 
 Syr. '^'^^. Sam. IV. 
 ^y above, apon , on, over: in addition to; ayainst , t'Ic. — 
 
 Ar. jkl, Ht'b. Pboen. h^.. Syr. vl. Sam. 2<V- iit'iice 
 
 ^j;?: (Ar. js:^ ^. Sam. IV. ^^) <>//: from. 
 ^V.j ^^>' 1""'»P' '"^ siibst. (lenolina; the iijijier part, hence as 
 
 an adv. above, over, followed by jO Ot'JJC); often 
 
 (■oni|). with "^ , h]}h upwards, above (Syr. 'VLli., Sam. 
 
 iVi; Aelh. ACiA: = jki): and j^, ^^y^c />v>w 
 ^///m' (Syr. VL^. ^, Sam. ZVi'ii : \r- J^ ^ "i" 
 
 3
 
 — 34 — 
 
 J.£ ■V*)' ojiposed (o VP^^, {V1^. (1i(" ground) from 
 hclon'. — Both b^_ and t'j; ^I't^ 'in^m (ho rail. 
 
 n'7>' or "t^v ii()( used in Aramaic in L, he h'ujli, exalted, f/o 
 up, ascend. — Ar. ^Lc. , Heb. n^y . 
 
 D'ry (c'PV), NCt'y (N'^'^j;), «'^/''y /^•'-'-'y indcf. period of lime, 
 eternily , the universe or world; pi. po^j; (p^^J?)- — 
 Ar. Ijl^ tfie universe, created beings; Aeth. ^\<p'. 
 Heb. Phoen. d^;v, Syr. ] ^\\ ^ Sam. ^'iiW. 
 
 Dj; ?^J///^ along with. — Heb. Dp., Syr. >cL^ Sam. -^ilV ; 
 
 Ar. "xxi or 1>3, Prop, a noun denoting union, from 
 the rad. ui2V collect, unite, Ax. Is. include the whole, 
 e. g'. ^\SjS\ i:lk^UT c>Zc M^ cloud covered the 
 wliole sky, c^^LxC^LI I ^ C'T Ixj ^/<6^ water supplies all 
 the baths. Hence also 
 
 DJ?, NiS*;, a people or nation, people, a multitude or crowd; 
 pi. (""pcy, t<^^??pj;. — Ai-. Ic and jv^^ ^/ multitude, 
 x^oll. M^ common people; Heb. Phoen. Dj;, Syr. j^^ 
 Sam. ^^V. 
 
 hizv, labour. — • Ar. J^, Heb. "r?^, Syr. vLai.. 
 
 p?2j; not used, be deep. — Ar. i^+l , Heb. p^j;. 
 
 ppiy, pDiJ7, Npciy. « depth, abyss. ■ — Ai". ^1^ , Heb. 
 pj2];, Syr. iliixsl, Sam. ^?^V. 
 
 ]j;. See jnj;. 
 
 ipj? f., ^"jpjJ m., /(?/?. — Ar. ILc, kpLt; Aeth. 0111/,-*: I 
 Heb. '^ti'j;, HTii'y; Phoen. 1DJ-' (inscr. Sidon. 1. 1), 
 Dyz"; (inscr. Massil. 1. 3); Syr. jjai., lijai; Sam. 
 ^V^V- '^'^^V. Hence iDV nn m., npy NHin f., 
 ttvelve. See jnri.
 
 — 35 — 
 
 'l^y, N"l", till' i''">f (also the slciiij ol ;i tree, hnsc, origin, 
 source; nl. 'O^PV , Nn " . Svr. 1-^: Ai'. Xis. 
 
 I I • It • T - • ^ 
 
 a tree. 
 
 pny, iinpf. ^^'y;^., prj;^ Jhr. — Syr. S-^, Sam. V^V; 
 
 Ar. , wJi .sv'/ ^>///, fhii/irf. 
 
 n''P, hnpr. "''?■>, fahoiir, serve, twrshijiw deity (comp. ~2V). — 
 
 Ik'l). ~irC), Ar. lU", cleave, pbmyh , ciillinife : Syr. 
 
 ..Xs. Sam. y^X^, 
 
 |n^l8, N*^n~, ;w/-^, servitude, fpors/tip. — Syr. l.L»l.i= . 
 
 Sam. ^^V2,3 r. 
 'dTB^ impr. 'C''i^\ Vl'hv, vomil, l/trote up. — Syr. ^JlI^Is. 
 pnp, inipf. p1"^.p^, cleave, separate, pull »//': fescue, save, 
 
 redeem. — Ar. ^li separate, lleh. p"iE), Syi". --j-a, 
 
 Sam. V^3. 
 
 Ipni-T, i<ji^~, i.lnraiion , prcservafio/i , redeuiprmn. — 
 
 Ar. JjliCi elenr and convinciny proof, victor // : Adli. 
 
 <l^^X>'i\ deliverance: Syr. Ur^^ . Sam. ^pV^3. 
 c:nD, N?2:", pi. xv::" ^/ //vy/v/. messaae, decree, ami in a 
 
 T : • T T ' T - 
 
 widor sense a/fair, mailer (eump. 12") ; Syr. ^ia^^s. 
 It is horrowol from the Persian, in wliieli iang. 
 llils. iliAj. <»r ^l^j, means /^w<'^y.v^/y<'^ (\vliencejl3Jo 
 a message -bearer, a prophet), comp. of the iiisep. prej). 
 '^^. (rarely oQ , L, ami ^ jo, hom the Sanskrit y/y'v///. 
 Zand jtaiti , old Pers. pali, Parsi /W and /w , (ir. 
 TiooTLy noTi = 7r(>oc) f<>. towards, ajuinsi. and the
 
 — 36 — 
 
 Saiiskrif rad. yam, t»o (conip. Pers. l\5 step , pace). 
 The same word presents itself in (he Armenian patgam 
 or padkam , message. Other words of Pers. origin 
 conip. with tiiis prep, are: 23nD, p.iJ^nD (];i.^"lD), "H^nB, 
 
 U\i, perf. cy, impf. DliJ% fast. — Ar. ILo, Aetli. ^<P\ 
 Heh. C'i', Syr. >e^. 
 
 cli*, iSD", ^/ A/6'^. — Ai-. 1^, Aetli. /^<?^: Heb. Dlif, 
 Syr. )^o^. 
 N^iJ t)end, stoop ; NJliN N^ii incline the ea?\ listen, attend to 
 (Syr. p,) y^^ Aeth. AACD." liHi :). III. 1=:;^% ^S>4,praij; 
 
 w 
 
 Ar. J<^, Aeth. /iAP I Syr. ^»X^^ Sam. iTlZVn. 
 
 "i^i:, ni", Nni", prayer. — Ar. s^Iao, s^^, Aeth. 
 
 /iAo^: Syr. |z^^, Sam. Xl^, 
 "iDii, N^^'J? ^^^^ dawn, moiidny. — Syr. 1i^^^, Sam. '^'^^'HI- 
 
 Connected witli iDti'' be beautiful, pleasing (Heb. 1Dt5', 
 
 Syr. i^, Sam. ^3"*^; Ar. lil dawn), whence N*'iD'iDli' 
 
 (kS"^D~) and | ^oV //^^ mornlny. 
 ■jT:} only used in IV. "It^V^^ ^'''^^^ ^^^^ ^/^ ^^<" ^-^ ^'^^''^f f^f 
 
 he poor. — Syr. ^-^^ \ ■, Ar. (i)w«? he poor and mise- 
 
 rahle ; comp. Ita^t /'<^/^'^ /«^^<5? of Hence Tjnii wants, 
 
 necessities. 
 
 "?|1"lli ?Ay<^, ysefulnrss, advantaye or profit. T^y^ jins n>^ 
 
 = 'piD^ IHii'^^ i^"?, //<'<^y ^-f/'^" good for nothiny at all.
 
 — 37 
 
 ^2p he oj>/tosi((', come nr tjo totrards, meet, in wliich .sijj^iiif. 
 il does not occur in CliaM. llciicc ill. '^ip receive 
 a visitor, accept a piesciil, listen lu a rcqiicsl or prayer. 
 
 — Ar. 1. Jui aixl V. Jjaj' receive or arrcpt, II. JuJ 
 
 Xv'.v.v, III. JoU /J-^^' opposite, compare, IV. Jjjt advance 
 totcards, f/adertakr, W. JuIj6" z^*" opposite one another 
 of two or more individuals, MIf. JJ!£st heyin, X. 
 Juli£ll /y^ /'> /'/'/<^^/; Aelli. •l'4»nA! 7neet , receive, 
 accept) Hel). h'lp^ receive, accept, '?^2pri ^t' opposite : 
 Syr. Vlijs w<:y'/, with V:! , nphraid or complain of 
 (prop, advance towards in a lioslile (n- tlirealenini^- 
 manner), as also in Cliald. h'2V>,, \\w\A. t'^p^, ^I3p^ 
 comjdain of, cry out for help; Sam. 2,3V receive, 
 accept. 
 Dip not used in I., *^<" /// front or before, precede. See tiie 
 Syr. gloss. 
 
 Dip, prop, a noun signif. the front, l»iit used as a 
 prep., in presence of, hefore: preceded by l, 1, h, it 
 takes simple sh'va instead <»r — , as uipi, D'pl, C~p'?. 
 
 — Syr. ^'^, Sam. ^\X'^^, Coiilracted cp, Sam. -^Y 
 (so also N'*<:p frst, ^As^A'il? hef/innin//). 
 
 Dllp, N?^", //'<'' r^/.v/, ///<" ^waY /'('Wrt'. — Sam. -"iltTV. 
 lie!), cnp. ■ — The east is called Dip, Clip, as heino- 
 llial (|nar(er towards wliicli the fare of the (»l»servt'r is 
 
 liiriied, or su|»[»usetl to he turned, in deM•rihin^• rt-lative 
 
 s > - 
 
 p<tsifi(»n. Hence (he fvest is -^'^HN (Ar. .^j fhe n'est
 
 — 38 
 
 9 c » 
 
 mnd, IVoiii oo the hack), the norlh t'X^ti' (Ar. jUxi 
 ihe north, JL^ //^c- A//', ILxoJI Syi'ia) , (lie iw//// pcj 
 (Ar. ^x^ M«" ;-/(//'A ^^w»jJI Yaman or Soutli Arabia). 
 So in Sanskrit i)rir\a, tlic cast, avara, ihc /rest, ilak- 
 shina, the south, the Dekkan. 
 
 li'ip not used in I., he dean or pure, hob/. III. linj'^ /'^/(r/ 
 
 sac?'ed , consecrate. — Heb. '^If5, t^~.j^5 ^^'"- u^<J^% 
 Aetb. 4»^A: Syr. ^•^\ Sam. ■^^^?. 
 
 li'l.'ip, li^'l'^p, N'^'"ip, holiness, sanctity, anything holy 
 or consecrated ; ~I^''"]p1 N^^"''!! ^% /''•^'"'^ temple. ■ — Ar. 
 J,JJ5, Heb. I^'ip, Syr. ^c^:. ll?ai . Sam. -^T^. 
 
 dp, perf. cp, im])f. opi, m<?, stand. — Ar. llS, Aelh. 
 <I>cP: Heb. cp, Syr. >al . Sam. ^^ (^VV). 
 C^p, NC~, standing, firm, lasting: living, heing. — 
 Ar. p^lli-, \^i, Syr. \:A1L ^ Sam. -^niVV. 
 
 d:?P, N^::p ashes. — Syr. ji^^ , Ar. IxiJ, lUci* ^/^/.v/. 
 
 jVp'ip //ftf castor-oil shruh , ricinus communis (Ar. c.^ilt, 
 Pers. !.Arsvj)f J^Aj). The word is derived from the Egy{)f. 
 name of the pkmt, written by Greek and Latin authors 
 yj/.L, cici and in the Talnuid p>p (the proper Gr. name is 
 '/.{iOTiDv) . The okl translators and commentators nsually 
 render it, though erroneously, by xoXoxvi'iyrj, i!i<?^ih<^: 
 11^^ is^Ji, J^kib, cSlj>, nj;^!, all words denoting 
 
 the gourd; and this blunder has of course found a 
 place, amidst thousands of others, in the received 
 English Version. 
 '?'?p, i)err. "i^p , he light, swi/'t ; small, worthless. V. ^pN 7nake
 
 — 39 — 
 
 //y///, lii/hlrn : hold lif/hl , drs/tisr. — • Ar. J^" />(' /'r/r 
 or small, Aolh. *1>AA: IJt-b. t'p., Syr. "_=, Sam. 2,V. 
 
 np, N^-p, isnp, N^ip; and vX^'p, vxn^p, «;^-; and (nnp) 
 Nrnp_, r. ^/ /w/v/, ritt/ : pi. |"'np, rn^p, and |nip. — 
 Ar. RjwS, in the dial, ol' Vanian iuyi' . I'l. ySr^ ' ^^^'''' 
 nnp, n";;p; Pln»cn. n""p, e. g. in llio namo of (he deity 
 Mtlr/Mi^iihog , mp^C or "^p^n (loi- r^p '^n) Carlhada, 
 Carlliago, K(/.(^)xrj()v)v = Ntajiohg, riLJ'in mp <>ii ihc 
 coins of Palermo: Syr. )-_c. l:-»r= , p'- U's^; '*'*^'"- 
 ^imV- ^x\"iV, I'l. ^Am'^?, and )|71^^?, constr. 
 
 2"ip, 2np, imjif. ::"lp"', ''>^' //^-w, approach. III. Zip and 
 
 V. 21 pN', hrituj near, offer a sacrifice. — Ai'. 
 
 6i and 6^-, II. J!i\ Aeth. 4>Cn: IV. A*Z.a: Syr. 
 
 ^'^, 111. w^;i: Sam. ^^V. 
 
 s ^ J, 
 
 2"'"lp, tsZ", near, related. — Ar. s-ovs, Syr. _=^i-s. 
 
 Sam. 3/n^Y; llel>. D^p. 
 
 r^yip fin offer in (/, sacrifice. — Ar. ^j^y^- Aelli. *I>^Cn'i ! 
 
 Ilel). ]2":p, Syr. ^»a^, Sam. "jlfi^V. 
 
 22"! not nsed in 1. be lartje, tjreal. numerous. — Heh. 22""^, 
 Syr. ~=i^. 
 
 2"), N2"i: r. {<2"', N'ri2"l, large, <jreat, numerous: as a 
 snhsl. the headman in any deiiarlnieni, prefect nr 
 mtujistrafe, yeneral, teaeher. ete. — Ar. v_ix //ossessor 
 or ^wv/^v. J, 'I ^W: lie!.. 2":. PImxmi. l"". f. 72-:;
 
 — 40 — 
 
 Syr. )i:i, Sam. ^^% Oilier Ibrnis used as siibst. 
 are |3"], ^i, ^^3*^, |12"], and as an adj. or subsl. 
 
 12^21 not used in (he sing. = n*}; pi. j""^?", '^/^<'' 
 
 nohlcs or chief men of the state (Ar. kJ.jJt ^j^^jt ^>^'^ 
 cornerstones of the state). — Syr. .—jicjeV. 
 
 12"1, 5<l2"i, f. ten thousand, a myriad; pi. J"i2'^. — 
 
 Gs-? G--? G--0 
 
 Ar. joj , also jo. and iy^s] Aetli. ^.^T*^' (from a 
 sini--. Z.P:) Ileb. n22"i and -jan ; Syr. c^L Sam. 
 
 N2"1, ""pi, inipf. 12"}% increase, he augmented, grorv up. III. 
 iZil w^/^Y? ^^r^*;/', ;t^/;% educate. — Ar. G^, Heb. PQI, 
 Syr. )1^. ^^. Sam. ^3^. 
 
 V2nN* f., N*:;2"}vN m., four. — Ar. ijxf, wu^f; Aetli. ACQi'^'t': 
 Heb. y^'lN*, n>^2"}N, Plioen. j;2"'N (inscr. Sidon.); Syr. 
 ^^1^ ji^il; Sam. V^i^A, ^VS^A. — PI. p>:2>' 
 /w/j/; Ar. ^;Jtjy, Aetli. AC-fl'^: Heb. Dij;2"}N, Syr. 
 ^_^ri, Sam. -^ITIV^^A. 
 
 ni, *^^ agitated, angry. — Heb. U"^, Syr. i^^^ Sam. ^If^; 
 
 Ar. tXi>; trcmh/e, ^j^l^ and yrsxi" J /><'Y// (thunder), (jli^s^j 
 of thunder or tlie cry of the camel. 
 Tn and niT, 1311, NiiSn, agitation, commotion, anger. 
 — Heb. Tn, Syr. l].^ci, Sam. ^^^1^; Ar. jL^^, or 
 Li.., anger, punishinent, a cri?ne. 
 ni"), xn^l, 111. r. hreath , the soul or spirit: the wind. — 
 
 G 9 G 
 
 Ar. .. J)reath, ^. ^i^v)?^/; Heb. Phoen. nn (inscr. 
 Eiyc. 1. .')), Syr. \lzS , Sam. ^'t'^. See the Syr. gloss.
 
 — 41 — 
 
 Cn, |'<'rr. C"i, iiMpr. D11\ /■"■■ /-/////, ujiH/hd, proud, ?-ise. 
 \ . C^'^N ?fift/,c hii/h. c.vdlf, lifi I//), raise : rm C'^N = 
 nn 'piirn, /v/mv ^/ ,vA//7//. ~ Ijch. ci, Sam. •*ij'^, Syr. 
 >Q-kil and ^^c") (from a rail, jc^, Ar. I.: ^V/cW ^//?, 
 
 cnn, err, A^/v. II. cni.rvs* Ar Ay/w/. III. err Itnc/'crvcnthj, 
 
 have i>ilij or romjxission iijion, IV. cn"iPN* iiiii)ors. 
 •romjtass/on is s/m/r/f. chap. I. 6. III. 9. — Ar. IL.'s 
 <ir ^s he so/'/ or yen lie, Iis.v It rood over, cherish, 
 ivi>» A>/v'. ////■//, A-2*.r //^/^/' nieretj or compassion upon; 
 Hch. Cn-J, Syr. >^i , Sam. -"il^^, -^V^ 
 
 ]cn"], N^^", comjtassionate , nierrifnl. — Ar. ^l^.^. . 
 gon. with (ho arl. y,->^J|j ///r Vompassionale , God: 
 Sam. ^^^^. 
 prn, pTl"), A<" distant, irtire, depart. V. pn"iN rcnwve, lay 
 aside. — • Ae(h. Crh*t> : Ileb. pni, Syr. . -'.T ;. 
 
 ti'n. , Nli'n. , /Ar head: jil. (>*^n. — Ar. ,^L, Aolh. 
 
 C^fi: Heh. L*\y->, l»l. C^;2\sn, Syr. 1^^, Sam. •^/Tl'^ 
 
 ami -^^A. 
 NCT, impr. n:""', throw, east. — Ai-. ^"1 , Ilrh. piQ"!, Syr. 
 
 licj^ Sam. ^•*ii'^; Aelli. Z.^P: wound, prop, witli an 
 
 arrow or spear. 
 Nyi, impf. ^j;"!"!, Av^^/ or feed a flock. ;rr//rA over or /^//r 
 
 r/y/Y 6/1 ruh' , yovern : inlrans. yraze. — Ar. ^. . 
 
 Aelh. CvVP: lloh. ny-^, Svr. l^:^ Sam. ^V^. 
 
 {^yi, iiiijif. "'i;";\ Ar jdeased with, /irnpitious to, de/iyht in, 
 love, desire. — Ar. [c^y H^'h. r^'^l, Syi'. ^i.i, Sam. ^'l^^. 
 
 3*
 
 — 42 — 
 
 Xiy"l (hIi(/Jtt, pleasure, (joodteiU, desire, ?visli. — Ar. 
 ^. or l^\^y^\, Heb. jlli-j, Sam. XH% 
 
 t 
 
 '?XtS', S^}V-, inipf^- '^'Ntt'"', ^/."f/i", demand, entreat. — Ar. JUL, 
 Aeth. ftAA: and fi?iA: Heb. ^Nli', Syr '^U, Sam. 
 
 n:::'' not used in I. — III. nz;^" prahe. — Ar. ^a1, Aeth. 
 A-flih: Heb. n?^, Syr. ^J^ ^ Sam. ^^^. 
 
 Nn2l!"in, ^rn?-, praise, glory, a hymn. — Syr. 
 
 ]^ak».z^ constr. £.1-^2, Sam. ^A^^-^A and 
 
 ^f^h^h (Exod. XV. II). 
 kXllf" ///<? ^/V/^. Cognate form N*-y, Heb. "ly, whence li^b 
 
 or TiJiS to)vards, against; Syr, ,-*^ or ?]* ?« the pos- 
 session of, at or in, to. 
 tDltf' in Chald. sivim, in Heb. re;?', denom. from ]y^yj an oar 
 
 (twin form to DltJ^, Ch. N^^ltr', Syr. )4al, Ar. is^, 
 
 « ^/r/y^ ro^/, ;M^/?^, whence in Chald. 
 
 tDVj^' « rower, nl. l>L:''ti'. 
 3"irii', impf. Dliti';', //^ down. — Aeth. fiTHi: Heb. Phoen. 
 
 DD'ci', Syr. wii2u4. , impf. . nn^i ^ Sam. Siii'^^. 
 
 DDl^ impf. n2'ki'>, inf. nrii''^, find; gen. used in V. \yyp>^, 
 nri^'H, impf. n2li':,nrii'n:. — -Syr. - .0 4. j , Sam. '^^•^, 
 gen. ^^-^A or V^-^A. 
 
 >n^. See. ■>n^. 
 
 D^li', C"^!^, impf. D'?li'i, ^^ entire, safe or ?^'^//, complete 
 or finished. IIJ. D>lt' w/?X"^ entire, complete or finish.
 
 — 43 — 
 /Wf'd \\. vow. Ai-. iJLlw, ll('i». c^::' or zh'^, Svr v.^:. 
 
 Sam. -^i-^. 
 Cll' and more iisiiully Dli:^, NCti', « //^////^, jil. pOi'. — Ar. 
 
 |vll, rarely ,l*w. ^L\ Aelli. fi<p: llrf). c'^'; Syr. 
 
 >^^ ).ia^, pi. ^2^1.^, ^^c^; Sam. ■^•^, |.|. )^'ii^. 
 
 Derived from ^l mark, \^^ a mnrk. 
 N^CIi' the ski/, (he heavcna , heaven. — Ar. ?.LZ-1, Aelh. 
 
 ri<^.l!: Jit'l). C'Cl^', Plioen. samem (-en, -in) [Plaut. 
 
 Pueiiul. \'. 2, 67. Gune bel halsamem (en), ^zi ">J1W 
 
 C^lfi^ H*2; balsamen, accordiii<^ to Auyusline = domi- 
 
 niis coeli; BttloajurjV = xvf)tog ov^tavov, JEaixi]HQov[ioQ 
 
 = 6 v\jiov<tavioQ, ion D"'Cti' (Movers, Plioeii. Jexte, I. 
 
 {). 56), and Ziocfaoijiuii^ = oiu)avov xarorcTai, ^Dii; 
 
 DECK'S in the fragments of Philo Byl)liusJ; Syr. Ui^ , 
 
 Sam. ^(Tl'iiv^. From L^l /y^' h/^h (comp. ^CJP<?=: 
 
 from on). 
 li'Cir*, Nti^'c:^', m. f. Mr san. — Ar. J^JH, L, Ik'l). I^lioen. 
 
 K'at' m. f., Syr. i^:^ -en. m., Sam. ^^^^^^ 
 t^lp , impf. ilp\, loosen, unde ; sel free, pardon ; from (lie 
 
 sig-nif. of iinlying and unpacking arises that of eneanip, 
 
 dn^ell, remain (comp. J^a*). 111. '•'IK/ begin, commence 
 
 comp. ^nn). — Syr. i^^ , III. ^j^; Sam.A^*^, HI. 
 
 ^^xtA. ^^^^.,1, i\i^\y\ pardon. 
 
 ^*n^', '•r:^', ^'^il^X, impf. ^"11^7, imj)er. int^' and T'ki'N, /'//v'///. 
 
 — Aelh. ft^P: Heb. nPtt', Svr. Jt^] , Sam. ^A-^^. 
 pnii', p^nr, impf. p-in'^^^ be silent — Heb. pn^', Syr. ^L». , 
 
 Sam. YA^^. — Cognate forms are: TjlTr, Sam. ^^***, 
 
 Heb. \2p]2;, n^3Dn. Ar. ,:lJlw.
 
 — 44 — 
 
 p\nii', {<|5-, f. Nj^^niiS Nnj^-, silcnl, lience V 'p nn 
 (cliap. 1\'. 8), an easlwind so geiille as to lie scarcely 
 perceptible. — Syr. -^a^hJ, ^ Sam. ^A"^**. 
 
 n 
 
 "IZP, im}>r. "isr,"*, hrcak. II. 12ni< *^<? hi^oken. Chap. I. 4 
 (where some edd. liave IV. nin^^)- ■ — -^''' r^' ^''■<^'^-'^i% 
 "yi^ perish, "^ (k'slroy, perish; Aetli. fillZ. i Heb. "13 1^, 
 Syr, i.cZj Sam. '^SA. 
 
 Dinn, ^*^", //^<? ocean; Syr. ij^csiz^ Sam. '^^l^A. N(»( 
 an Aram, word, Init merely borrowed from (he Heb. 
 
 Din, i^erf. 2n, impf. Dlfi^ return, repent. V. z^rx make 
 return, t/rinfj forth, turn annnj , answer. — Arab. 
 CjLj return, O^ repent; Heb. "y^ , Syr. ^^iZ, Sam. 5A. 
 
 Go' 
 
 nin , N^in, ^//<! 6'.*', colled, cattle; pi. jnlP, . • — Ar. .^, 
 Aeth. fiC: Heb. "ilt^', Phoen. 6(r)(> (accordiiii^- to Plutarch, 
 but the inscr. Massil. 1. 3 has ^^ , Heb. ^}^^ Syr. 
 ]icz, Sam. ^'^vA. Derived either from "Xfi be stir- 
 red up (dust, tLUiiull, ani^er), IV. "XiiS stir up (dustj, 
 plougli (comp. "ip2 and armentum), or fi-r>m .U=.L-w, 
 impf. )5-w*j, spring upon, attack; more probably from 
 the former. Misled l)y (he similarity of sonnd, many 
 have idenlihed with (his word the Gr. Tav()og^ Lat. 
 iaurus , but these are related to the Sanskrit sthiira-s, 
 strong; taurus consequently stands for staurus , Germ. 
 Stier, Eng. steer, Dan. tyr, Swed. tjur. 
 
 ninn tjeloiv, hefieatk, under. — Ar. o*^', Aeth. d'/hl".*
 
 — 45 — 
 
 Ilrl*. l-liocii. rnn, Syr. z=-Iz, Snin. AHA- — Fniiii 
 nin = rAW sink, dcsrcntU Ar. ^li .tinl ^U == <^U*. 
 
 L L C C C 
 
 N7n, iiiipl. rn\ haiuj, suspend. — lid*. n'P, Syr. IJz. 
 
 Sam. AZA. 
 nj^Hr, Nnj;':^"in, d n-orm ni- raterpiUar : Syr. jLjilci. Most 
 
 prub. from llie rati. y'^"> //V7i-, lieiice lick up, consume 
 
 { \v. ij: hj)) ; see however Geseiiiiis' Tliesauriis, 
 
 art yhr.. 
 n^n r., ^<^^^ m., ////vr. Ar. ^'i^, iS^\ Aelli. UJAfi-t^: 
 
 T : T T : ' 
 
 Ilel). irTiJ', nti'^k:'; l*lioeii. sulus (accordiim- to Aiii'-us- 
 tine), n'li'b'ki' (iiiscr. Massil. 1. 9, II); Syr. £^z^ \l^^\ 
 Sam. AZA, ^AiA. 
 ji^r, there; Syr. ^i , Sam. p-^A, ^s^'ilA. Another form 
 
 is n»n, Ar. |vj, x^i", ///<:vr, j^j, omJ, om-j, //^<'V/ .* 
 Heb. cti' and ri?2*i^'. 
 
 T T T 
 
 Wri, impf. "'jn"', |)i()j). /><"/(?</, /^>A/, hence do again, repeaf. 
 
 — Ar. ^, Ileh. T\y^, Syr. jjz^ Sam. ^^A. 
 
 ]i:n, f. n:;;", second. — Sam. ^(l\^A, Syr. ^.ji 
 
 repeating, siihst. repetition. 
 
 nij^jFi, pro|). repetition, as an adv. a second time, again. 
 
 — Syr. ^d-ji. Sam. Av^»TIpA. 
 
 F]pr, , P)"'pP, inijif. PJpri";, I'C strong, violent, severe; impers. 
 Tfh rjpn = ti nnn, he ?vas angrg. — Ar. <jip find. 
 seize, take possession of: l_4o"^" he active . sagac'unis, 
 talented : IIel». =^pn attack, oppress : Syr. ^z, Sam. 3VA' 
 P)'^pn, F]p')n, NE:p"ir, XDpr, strength: vehfinrnce , vio- 
 lence, auger: a strong place, /hrtress : pi. it^p'P . 
 pppn. -Hch. ^p>,Syr. U^ci. Sam. 3U\V, ^3VA.
 
 — 46 — 
 
 In cliaji. II. 7 it corresponds (o the lieb. cnnz bolls 
 
 or bai's. 
 
 F)"'l?P slrony, powerful, vehement, violent. — Syr. ^^-.-Bi, 
 
 Sam. 3rn?A. 
 
 Coils', C^n'ii'; Phoen. constr. 1^^ (for >:tt') , inscr. Melil. 1.; 
 Syr. ^iz^ v^^'^; '^ani. ^Ht^A, "^^A^A. Hence 
 
 "ipy_ nn, f. npj; N'n'in, twelve; see npy.. 
 "|":n not used in I. — 111, r^i^ drive out, expel. IV. "JjiriN ^6^ 
 driven out, expelled. — Ar. e) J) /^rt'i^^, abandon.
 
 SYRIAC VERSION. 
 
 
 "^ nSfff ? "M^itf -gitNs iVr'' '^^ I^CLkJ^ laXa^ '\^ >eaj3 2 
 v-ajSV^N '-*-»..A,?£^ .coilflL '^\Vi\ .kl. hlyo )L,f v_£kIo 
 
 ♦ a; -o \ ■ ^ * • ^ 
 
 ^' ^3 . • • o ■ • \» i . ■ 
 
 • ^W^'^*» • * * ^7 1^ N. .7 P7 p 
 
 l-aX? oi^-fc,(J nJis. i,j*J ^j nr^^-*- • » = gilN? .aXaJ? )v^ .^ l^aX 
 
 ».''!• 7 . ...-.7.7 - ", 7 f \ 7. . 
 
 •>^Q-k? <"^^ i^ali^o . 1 w3 Q_iic^)o -'^^ ZZ] _io "^CjLiO 
 
 ♦ P 7 -P .7 -7 ,". "-.^ * P . .•> ,, ^ r. •. 
 
 **) On Ihe marg'. of one Ms. ^-sj-^s. ') Var. )-3i t\, l^^ i\, )^-i «\. 
 
 *") A ms. adds .^.^13.^:^^^. ') 2 mss. s ji^lo . 
 
 ^ ) 2 mss. alic .
 
 — 48 — 
 
 9 .IJ] Ur=^ -^a-^ ^f^ )r^] •> ") U^:^ ^^1 U-^l 
 
 :\ «. .7 7 V r c r -« a., p .. -^ - 71 
 
 jv^^^ V^L^as -^iJ^ l^^*^ U-*-Jo >^ j-iiiJ jJio .01-^ r:^r^l 
 
 13 iJ^i "") Q-fc-IiaZJo ♦ .aa^L ]oci ocivl^^X^ . |.i:i Pa-l-isD 
 
 p - ■ P P 7 ., ^ -^ ^ 1 51^ 1 ^ ^V ^ * *'*"'' 
 
 |s(ji '^l) }-i^-fc? ^^-Jw^ . a_»*£^l (Jo |.^p^^ .oiscjiJ? .cJoi 
 
 , V 3- > r p .> ^1 '' 1 " "^r. 7 7 J> ,7 7.7 -► 
 
 14 t~P M Pr^ t<=l • Cr^l° Pi*^.^ oi~oo -i-^coi-i^l^ . m N?^^o 
 
 '^.jLic .pil pc? ^*.^>\ ^i;a.*^Z jjo .pn Irr^? ff»-^aJ-S 
 
 . " ''. - *■«. ^ -/ "•" -('' 1"" i''i*' '' '^" "i'' 
 
 10 •'^ ' \ vA?i?,N-i ^.o •:• '^1 fd.'i^ 'h^\ psp s^jo Pi-^ 001 AJj) 
 
 lb ^ \>.;i- •:• sA(7ia.-;^s-A..ul^ ,_lc | Vi > > m*1ZZ|o . )Vi t^ ^(ns|,.A.o 
 
 Pi-laa.^ P»^? a-i?c Pt-^ >c,_s ,_^ |I.ii |I.ii^? ^sJcn J..4JI 
 
 •» 77 
 ■:- (Vf.3 c? ,Jo 
 
 1 ^Ja^ (0010 .^Q-fcJik qiS>.^,o p2? poJ pfiiO ^P-^^'o 
 
 ') One ms. ZJ] pcl^ fsicj p^l ^-i^ocj anolher pall pa.]' _:^IJ]c. 
 
 ') One ms. -fl^o] . J) One ms. .coi.^. 
 
 ) Wanting' in one ms. ') One ms. j^]. 
 
 "') Lee Q^t.^Z\z. ") One ms. ^.
 
 — 49 — 
 
 f — s •:• ^-oZis i-kfl^ U^** *-l£ <-«JiLm I.£^|o . >aXl^ ^^s]^ 8 
 
 ^ • "... ^ . 
 
 ^^ZiOLo^^ )i-a^jJS |2,l;-»? -r-'r-t^? '^' :• U-»^ . x- .<^V 9 
 
 •>)-*^^^ ^qJJL (?i4u:u3 jJcJ^ UjiO ,J2-SO ♦Ui Vll. jJL-.5iS 11 
 
 ♦ jifiiialik Trt^i ^'^''^? ^=-^ 'V^ Ur*? «'»■^r^J^s looio 1 
 
 laJ-Jo .i-»jifi'? oilJ:;^ ^1 I'l .l\ '^•jlo ^Ja-k >ijc ♦^^ jj)' 3 
 
 Zt^l^o •:• .ctn-kV 0^1^ U^r^o .6'^ «"> p;eV r:^ • i"'^ ^. A^.b^s 6 
 
 ^ .laJ-J^ ^joj^jo o-|i_2]o -i-jj^i^ V^ v-=^o 1^' . A ^.^^o 7 
 
 . jji^o IVoZo ]\ «>^o ) A 1 •; 1 ^ . >*?i=j.rfV= ^?s ) -iNy? p,-s=^ 
 
 .oaiiAJ Ul •:-.ci-AJ ]^ Us] -vf^i^ Uo >«r^ .nVi\^J jJ 8 
 
 "^ 
 
 01 
 
 o') One ms. ^©j . P) ^r??^j **) '?t^ ^ '?r^ ' h r?°- 
 
 •"^ One ms. ?i_4^s _i>c . ^) One ms. ^|o "1^?'=? ^) ^"^ "'^- U^--^^ Isu^. 
 
 4
 
 — 50 — 
 
 £^o9i "^1-^ . > <» « A T ^J:^ ^.ib^ ^r^ ^sai Ll^f^ "])Jm ^..^ulcs 
 3 • 'ISn ■ ■*'^J w^ ^jJa: '^ ^•-'^ ■•■ I a" A . ..-^ -JNJ i ^ssiico . v^Zo-d^ 
 
 G lauX l-Ljitf r^^ ♦] IvT *|ViN «Ji^ ^^rr^^^ i^ '"H^?- U^^^^^^^^^c 
 V^ U^ ]oaio .^i^ ^ 'Vli^ ^nl^iffo il."*c . ]fpf ? j^-j ^ V 
 
 9 ^- rr^3-A» 1<n^ Uri« r^l© ■•.■J^c\^i ^ jj) wp^ i^i^ 
 ■ ^^ !^'r?' ^ -^'^ r^Jf -HW? l'=r-»> 'M' ^ i^ r- 
 
 •=•^^0.-*? <?iZa_^_^_3 I,_la_l:._^ 
 
 ^ T '^n f 
 
 «) One ms. j,J„. '^) One ms. inlj^. ^'■) One ms. ))^, |;,. .v 
 
 '^) -^r4.4lo • y) One ms. jic) , anolher ^)o. 
 
 '■) Oncrns. )>v.i^?. ») One ms. ^>^Sv ^ a.^\
 
 G ]i S IS A R Y. 
 
 ^i^ j^i^ a father, pi. ^auril , ^^1; with siiIT. ^,^ali, 
 
 ^ma^l^ etc. — Ar. ^j|, Aeth. YAW with. suff. MbJ! 
 Ileb. ZN, Chald. 2N*, N2N, Sam. 3A. 
 
 T TT- 
 
 ^ I , inipf. ^p ^ perish. V. ,icl destroy. See Chald. 
 
 gl. 12N. 
 
 .o) iiilerj. 0.' 
 
 V-jl, inipf. V-jp , imper. "^'i , yo ; ^^^hSiao V-|) 
 
 "iV.b? hecomhiy more and more ay dated. See Cliald. 
 
 gl. S\^. 
 ^), inipf. >al|j . /^>^'^, AW<?, ^o/</, possess, shut. — Ar. 
 
 j^f, Aelii. h-iW: Heb. inx, Chald. -las, Sam. T^A. 
 .^^J^ )jj-l_, f. l^r-l , <>//'c7% another; pi. iii. ^r-J, f- 
 
 ^•^1. See Chald. gl. iriN. 
 
 r^l. See puV 
 
 I as, accordiny to , about (in slating numbers). — Ileb. 
 •?]\N how? Chald. ^\v, Tji-, Sam. -mTlA. Comp. of J| 
 (see Chaki. i;l. \s) and .^ . 3; and iherefore innj).. 
 us in Ileb. and Chald., an interrog. 
 
 ^
 
 — 52 — 
 
 \k^) where? ivhcre. — Heb. n^^N, Chald. nd^n. Comp. of 
 
 J| and \L here (Heb. TO, Chald. N*r). 
 f^v^/ | whence? whence. Comp. of ^\ and )1lS /(tv/c^. 
 jj^l. f. ]'p-.l, /^^M /^'/</<?/^ 7vhal? pi. ^.\/|; ?|i*l /^<? nho. 
 
 — Chald. ]i-i;n, f. NTX. Comp. of J] and |jot^ f- 
 
 iuj there is, etc.-; with siiff. ^L^l^ t-»^-*U '-^<ncL. J , lam.tiv,. 
 
 Comp. with q^ LJil there is not, etc. — See Chald. 
 
 g-1. n\N*. 
 )]'] if not, unless, except, hut. — Ar. ^lt , Aeth. AA.: Chald. 
 
 N'^TiS!, Sam. AZA; Heb. xti-CN. Comp. of ^|^ and )|. 
 Tou^ rt- ^^^, God; pi. |ol:£. — See Chald. gl. n'^t^. 
 ^^y |ix, f. a ship, pi. }^. • — See Chald. gl. ^<D^^<. 
 
 ^c] . — V. ,_ii^CT believe, believe in. — See Chald. gl. px. 
 ■^\ , impf. jiJp, inf. 4.^^^]^, say, order. — See Chald. 
 
 gl. "ICN*. 
 y if. — See Chald. gl. CN. 
 
 ).j'] /; pi. ,_L.»J], gen. ,_L», 7ve. It often expresses the verb 
 be, and is then written \1\ as \^\ )j'] I am, jj''X.L? 
 / fear (am fearing). • — See Chald. gl. njn. 
 
 ^qjI ^ r^^J]- See OCT. 
 
 ^.aj I , \11 \ , a man, person, individual; pi. ^v -^ 1 1 ^ j-^j | . — 
 See Chald. gl. •ti''jN\ 
 
 Lil, f. vAj], M<?2^; pi. .oij"!, f. ,-*iwjl, yon. It also expres- 
 ses the verb be, as iS\ ,^ ///^2^ (5fo^.y/ (art doing). — 
 See Chald. gl. r:«. 
 
 v.s'l «&<>, likewise, moreover : ^\ neither, nor. — Heb. Phoen. 
 r]N, Chald. ^^ and Fj'ix.
 
 — 53 — 
 
 -isj , l^l, ihc fare ; front, surface, external form ov appear- 
 anrc ; lor ^ii^jj . Iioin an iiiiiiscd siii^. .^l; Ar. 
 
 v_ajt, Acdi. Al4t: tlie nose, Heb. rjs the nosc,»<\v\. 
 D^Qs* Me' nostrils, face; Cliald. N'2JN, X-2X, pi. ]"'D:n. 
 pCN, niGX; Sam. -^ITI^A- Tlie Syriar Grammarians 
 and Lexicographers wrongly derive ^s) I'lotn \zCs . 
 iLs, Heb. HN©, Cliald. xnN??, NPe, M^ /^/r<". 
 w.(ol , ilss] , f. ''z ''-'V/y, ;-6>rt'(^/, journey; custom, conduct: 
 pi. ^Vo|. — See Cliald. gl. mN. 
 
 "^il , l^'l^ f- ''/'''' car til, y round, a country; pi. ^v^'f. — 
 See Cliald. gl. yx. 
 
 1^1 the lowest part, bottom, base; pi. ^i-*-! nates. It is 
 prop, the stat. empli. of ^ , which occurs, for example, 
 in the compound \hji\hlM, \A. Urj:.! , the base w foun- 
 dation (of a wall); Ar. v^.ll and ajcl podex , nates : 
 Ilcl). ni5'', pi. nlrif; from a rad. nPii' = n'^'Z' place. 
 
 1^1, iiiijif. i^p, imper. s. ni. jz, f. ^z, pi. m. zl and ^coz. 
 f. ^j"i «^nd ,^j^, iid'. |1:|^ , come. — See Cliald. gl. ndn'. 
 
 ^ in. at or near, by, with, on account of etc. — See 
 
 Chald. gl. 2. 
 v_4,^= not used in I., be bad. V. w^Ul. .^.i). injure, hurt. — 
 
 See Chald. gl. ii\s2. 
 
 ks, f. • ) ^ f^ . (^A_i^ , bad, niched : as a snhst. 
 ^?v7, wickedness, tnisery, calamity. 
 
 a.1..^. -lil-i^. Uil—c , wickedness. — Chald. yz'^2.
 
 — 54 — 
 
 ^T . " and lL>jz . coiitr. £— ^, between, among. — Cliald. 
 
 1^2, ^2, ""rr, PJ"!?; see Aetli. gi Iliii:: 
 v^ , impf. ^sJ^iij, sivallow, devour. — See Chald. gl. y':'2. 
 j_ki^ , \\ ^^^ ^ « beast of burden, coll. cattle; pi. ]y .\n. — 
 
 See Chald. gl. i-iyz. 
 jL, ]j.s « son; pi. ^J-s, l-ijls . — See Chald. gl. "12. 
 
 Hence 
 
 ^Iji, -^H=, ^5! human being, person, individual; 
 
 pi. iljj-iL;, )>v.in. — Chald. li'^N "ID, li'J "13 (Dan. 
 
 VII. 13. n^n nrN' trj« "122 n^cij' ^::v-ny n^i and 
 
 seel with the clouds of heaven there was coming as 
 it were a man, tlie figure of a man — 7iot „one like 
 the Son of man") ; Ar. iL^lQlj, iHSlj, a word borrow- 
 ed from the Nabathaeans ; Heb. D"1N"]2. 
 ■f^ i^rs uncultivated ground, a field, plain, desert. Hence 
 with prep. {^"^ out, outside, ^ ^^^ outside, besides, 
 except, ^^v ^ frotn without (comp. |^^n). — Ar. 
 
 15, adv. \Z, ^ G, lis ^x; Chald. Nn2, t<n2':^, &<*i2^, 
 N-l2^p; Sam. ^^% ^'^SZ, etc. 0pp. to al^, lo^, Z/^^- 
 centre, interior, a^s within, o^, ^ °-x^:> °-^ ^ 
 (Ar. ^, adv. |^; Chald. i^, nij_, constr. 1-1, 1J)2, 127, 
 etc.; Sam. tl, ttS, etc.). 
 
 ■^^^, Tr^H' '^ WW?; pi. T^F=4- — ^ee Chald. gl. "i23. 
 ^4.^ happen, befall. 
 
 ■ C. . rx, 7^?' /^^- L'i^e (he Gr. word, it never commences 
 a phiase.
 
 — 55 — 
 
 ^.\\'^, Ul^^, mtrcs. — Soo Cli;il<l. -I. h:.. 
 j:L, inijif. Ul^3 . <'f'!/ f>ut , mil on; <»(" niiinials lon\ hrlliDr. 
 — Ilcl). nvi, Clialil. Nj;: . r'nii'iialr rniiii li^. 
 
 > who, )vhich, that : mark (tf (lie ^•enil., as UX? di^l th<' 
 
 hold of the ship; coiij. ///.'//, i/i order that. — See 
 
 Chakl. ;.|. n. 
 ■ "'^« ^ '-^iJ, sacrifice. III. -.*fc£? sacrifice often or in j^real 
 
 quaiilily. — See Ciiald. gi. "2". 
 
 i^5 ^/ victim, saci'ificc : pi, - - •^'^ . 
 ^? ^ imi»r. ^syj . Jiidye. ■ — See Chald. gl |n. 
 
 |ju^, li.i^^. a city: ]>]. ^y^ . 
 V^?, Vifi, fear. — See Cliald gl. hm. 
 
 Um?^ |i^?, A'^/^*', dread, reverence, an object of fear 
 
 or reverence, deity ; pi. ^V-'-"* , 
 ^?^ d'e, ^///, yet. Like d'e it never holds (lie first place in 
 
 a phrase, gen. the second, 
 i^?, inipf. jl^. ronemher. II. j^TiZl /v^^' remembered ; call to 
 
 mind, remember. — See Chakl, gl. -)D"1. 
 >,..\% male turbid, disturb, agitate. III. ..^i^ id. W . .^f^] 
 
 pass. — Heb. n^T, Sam. Yl^, 
 jc?, j^"?. blood. — See Chald. gl. ci. 
 ^ic? , impf. ^,i, sleep; pari, ■-•^« sleepiny. — See Chald. 
 
 ^? , i-iiiC?. particip. adj. sleepiny. 
 ?. impf. w.J^*, m^ (the sun). — See Chald. gl. n;-. 
 wi^jjjic, j-Mj,itf. the east. 
 U..*J^ . f. ].< ...i^v- ^ eastern: as a siiiisl. ///<' r^/.v/.
 
 56 
 
 01 
 
 H l^c , she, il (Cluikl. NH ; Plioen. nh , iiiscr. Sidoii.); ailv. 
 
 hei^e, t/uTC (coinp, nj.) ; inlerj. lo, see (Ar. L^, ChaM. 
 Nn, NH, Sam. A^). 
 
 ctn 111., -ci f. , /w , she, it; |il. .clJci in., ^Joi f., and as 
 accus. after a verb .aj], .^i- Often used to express 
 the verb he, \\\ which case it is gen. written o<n , s^m 
 (as o^ffi hii tJiou art, ^ci ^si she is)\ sometimes, how- 
 ever, 01 is suppressed (as alia who is?), or changed 
 into ^ (as olooi he is). With words ending in \1 and 
 \1 CO! and ^31 form tlie diphthongs au, oi, eu, ci, as 
 ooi jj], ^cn j.i|, I ant, aL^l where is he? ooi j.s7 he is 
 pure; except jfoi . which makes ^oi ]??ri this is. — See 
 Chald. gl. Nin. 
 
 ooi m. , Jk f., he, she, it, this, that; pi. m. .oioi , f. .^oi. 
 Contr. for ©oi joi ^ ^oi joi (Heb. Ninn, N'TIP). 
 
 |ooi , impf. jooii , jowl , he, /lappeti. When a mere auxil., 
 01 is suppressed, as jooi V.j.1 he ?vas killing, V^ 
 ]coi he had killed, |ooi jooi he ?vas , |ooi ]ooi he had 
 been. . — See Chald, gl. Nin. 
 
 Va-oi U^-^, ^ large buildiny, temple, church, palace; pi. 
 -ir^^i^oi^ ■ — See Chald. gl. ^rTl. 
 
 ,CT (Jpi in., 1?oi f., this; pi. _^^oi. 
 
 >^'oi , impf. ^cloii^ tv7'n, return ; change; overturn, destroy. 
 II. -^ciz] he turned, changed, destroyed. IV. ^oiz] 
 (versatus est) stay , remain, be on the point of. V. 
 ^oil turn away, avert. ■ — See Cliald. i^l. "jsn.
 
 — 57 
 
 c (uuL btil. — See Cljald. j^l. \ 
 
 ^1 , iJ-^i, finic^ I'l- ^•'••«^] //wt'A" (vices), in wliich sense it 
 is fein., as r^n^i h^^ thrice, ^-lic] ^^»i? ^/ sccund 
 time, again. ■ — Ar. ^\ and ^jL*; , Aeth. H<:?^"5! 
 Heb. j^T, pi. Di:^l; Cliald. |^7, wpj, pi. ]>jd7; Sam. ^^"^; 
 it has also passed in<o Pers. as jjCo; and «jLo\. Ano- 
 ther form is jis^ ^ llirs] , pi. jLici . 
 
 )^1 . impf. jj^ii ^ ^(? j92^r^ in a moral sense, chaste, innocent, 
 just; conquer. — See Chald. gl. N2*. 
 <-^], jllii, z?^//"*", innocent, just ; victorious. 
 
 i^l. impf. ^"ji , l^e sffiall ; be depressed, despond. — See 
 Chald. gl. -ij?T. 
 l^oLl, r. Uiai], small, tittle, young; pi. in. ^v^i-l 
 
 VsLi* not used in I., be coi-rupted, vitiated. II. Vsil corrujtt, 
 destroy. — See Cliald. gl, ^2n. 
 U.Q- co7'?'uption, destmiction. 
 
 ■f^^ ] i ^ " ^ companion or associate: pi. ^j-c-.. — See 
 
 Chald. gl. -i2n. 
 ^4^, impf. ^^a^i*J, ■v/'/// ///>, confuu\ imprison. II. _»..c-.-:l 
 
 pass. — Ar. J**la.j ^^^'j- ^^C' '^'^''^' imprison. 
 
 4*
 
 — 58 — 
 
 fjl, f. 1^, o/fe. — See Chald. gl. nn. 
 
 -^ , inipf. 1^7 ^<^' ^/(T/*^, I'ejoice. — • See Chald. gl, Nin. 
 
 li*. not used in I. — ^III. ^a.1 sho7v , armoimce , tell. — See 
 
 Chald. gl. Nin. 
 ofl-i.. inij)f', ^isolkj, have compassion on, pity , spare. — See 
 
 Chald. gl. Din. 
 ]j^^ impf. ]j_J^ see, obse?'ve. — See Chald. gl. Nin- 
 ^a^L*, impf. ^a4-«i, snatch, carry off, plunder. — See 
 
 Chald. gl. rpr\. 
 \1^ , impf, y^ , \l\i . inf. \lu> , \1\^ , //2^<?. — See Chald. 
 
 gl. N^n. 
 
 >c-il impf. >2U. l^e hot, 7varm. — Ar. ^ wai-m, he warm, 
 Heb. Chald. en. See Aeth. gL ^C^\\ 
 lijicLiI heat, passion, anyer. — Chald. NDCin heat, 
 
 Heb. nan. 
 
 T ■ 
 
 w^ siyh, yroan. 
 
 ]£^.^jL. a sigh, yroan. 
 V*^. See ^.CLJL^. 
 
 -^Uj \\i\\)\.^\^ , f^(^ ff^ciiJ'^^PPl/, Joyfa/ ; often impers. — III. 
 
 ■ -■ ' [ prepare, make ready. — See Chald. gl. 21D. 
 
 v^. \^, f. j-:l|^ lVs4^ ^o^</; followed by ^. 
 
 better than; as an adv. well, very, excessively. 
 
 <i^4, ^a^a-/, jza^sL4, yoodness, bounty; pi. jzoiiii. 
 jsl^^ l^al^^ ^/ mountain; ^i<Li. — See Chald. gl. "dio.
 
 — 59 — 
 
 n^ not uscil ill 1. — III. '^Oxi' a hade , rover. — See CliaM. 
 
 t^ shade, shadow. — Adli. /CAAo'l-: CliaM. vsb'?^, 
 
 T T : 
 
 Sam. ^Xl^\ \\\ J^Ub aiujlh'uuj that tjives shade. 
 
 I^^Jx^ (I shade or covering, ha( : \A. iiii.;^. 
 ic^^ imjtf. yd.^1 ^ faste. — See (.'liaM. yl. cy::. 
 ^^4 strike, heal. ill. ^^^ disfress, afflirf, ve.v. W. ^^z] 
 
 pass. — Ar. ^3o give a h/o/v , wink with the eye: 
 Ilt'l). n-||j2 tear in pieces; CliaM. ^"rc, Sam. 3^W. 
 
 . impr. -*^|j . be dry, drij up, wither. \. a^ ~'| r/y// 
 
 !>//>, >'y'/<^/.<" wither. — See Cliakl. gl. it'D"'. 
 
 ) 'I - r drif ground, land. — Ar. (j*^, Aetli. P-flfill 
 ,J, li-» i . r. the hand ; pi. ,^^1. U^l- — See CliaM. gi. -i\ 
 1,^ iiul iiseil ill !•■ — V. ^'jol confess, give thanks, praise. — 
 
 See Cliald. gi. n"i. 
 
 ^'?cZ jL.'jo2 co/i/'ession of faith , religion; praise., 
 
 thanksgiving, 
 -^r^^ imp*' "^fj* . i"'^- "r^, imper. -^-i , know. — See Chakl, 
 
 gi. jj-v 
 
 -rjfol y/>v' ; imj)er. ,^^. pail, --kl^ ^s-kji-l; impf. '\'^, inf. 
 
 Vi^^ Irom a rad. '\^ = ]r\1. — See Cliaid. gi. 2n^ 
 ioalj liea-r, ff dag: pi. ^ tv alT . lie =11 , and jilcclT. — See 
 
 Chaid. gl. cv. 
 
 >ala-.], iLLu.], r/^/y (as opp. to night); jil. ^ . vvv j. — 
 
 Cliald. ^121^ dag, u.t2\ hg dag = i<^^'^2, Iviv.U. uCl^v 
 
 loTtTif]^ Joppa or Jaffa.
 
 — 60 — 
 
 jiiaJ (lie sea: |»l. }^^^ — See Chald. gl. w. 
 
 r-ALal ^ \^-^ y ^- iff^c right hand. — • See Chald. gl, |"i^\ 
 
 . aw^ not used except in V. -^o\ odd, increase, do again. — • 
 
 See Chald. gl. ^p^ . 
 \L^ ^ iiii|)f. |:I|i^ imper. ^^^ shoot np, grow. — Chald. Nj;^; 
 idenfical with Aeth. (D^AI Heb. N^*^ go out (comp. in 
 [)artic. cijN'liiS*^ shoots, and i^Kh. \ an embryo or foetus). 
 ws£-» , impf. uTj-^^ imper. ^z^ sit. — See Chald. gl. 2n^ 
 iLk , inipf. iijJ , remain over and above, be abundant, 
 al/ound, make gain or profit. ■ — Heb. if)"', Chald. in% 
 Sam. ^A(U. 
 
 •fj^h^ . fr^^ . f- li-*'^, l^i-k'^ abundant, excellent ;^'\^\ 
 ^^ more than; as an adv. very, much, more, besides 
 (Heb. inii). — • Chald. nin^, Sam. '^fnA/Tl. 
 
 j^ perhaps. — Heb. Chald. *iZ!3 /w/y ago, already, pe?-- 
 
 it -- 
 
 haps (comp. JJJ already, pei'haps). 
 ^ rvhcn, after ; whilst; although. Comp. of ^ 3 and the 
 
 relat. ? (corresp. to Heb. 12l^;^_, 'l?^3), and lience its 
 
 frequent use with participles and adj. ^ e. g. j^"] ^ 
 
 saying (lit. as one who says). — Chald. n3, "13, 
 
 Sam. T^. 
 Vs^ U^, jlasj ///^ totality, the ivhole ; all, 7vhole. — • See 
 
 Chald. gl. ^-2. 
 |jis cover, clothe, conceal. III. ^.jaL id. IV. w-jaaz] be co- 
 
 vered , concealed, put on clothes. — See Chald. 
 
 gl. NDD.
 
 — 61 — 
 
 ^jj^ iiii{»f. Ji^ , he painfiiL ^lisagrccable, grieve; only used 
 inij)L'rs. oi:^*. ^r=, ^'f'"- 0'"i'|'- '^ ^\^- — CliaM. vS'^3, 
 Ar. s wT <^6' unpleasant, ^S be averse to, dislike. 
 
 Ijj not used in I. — V. i^l proclaim, prear/t, declare. — 
 
 See Chald. gl. nr. 
 
 jzricjj ^/ prorlamation or annoancemenf, jireachiny, the 
 (jospel. 
 
 ^^ ^ inipr. .^cV^^ i/^ round, swTound ; wrap up, protect. 
 Cljald. TjTr. Like oilier radicals of a similar form 
 (w^i!^ provoke, ^^^ disturb, '^2^, \i;r2'^% tJ'lliO, ^r^ is 
 a later formation from -fl-fl, from the rad. mr. 
 
 ^^y U8r=% f- ^^'^' '^^'^^ ^'^^^ inmost or deepest part; pi. 
 
 G G 
 
 ]£iB^. — • Ar. ji^, J^vf ^/''^' stomach of ruminant 
 animals, Aelli. ^CW: Heh. ti'-]^, Chald. «cn2, Sam. 
 
 ^jQ^j iliojcts^ « throne; pi. jzLsVm. — See Chald. 
 gl. «D^D. 
 
 ^A.Ls strike, strive or contend, W. ^lIz] strive with one 
 another, /i(jht, strive or exert one's self, endeavour. — 
 Ar. jiJJ', Hell. '2;r]2, Chald. U'nr, Sam. -^^Aii. 
 
 '\ 
 
 'H. to, for, according to, elc. Sign, of the accus. ami (tf Ihe 
 
 dat. — See Chald. gl. h. 
 }] no, not. — See ChaKl. gl. Nt?.
 
 — 62 — 
 
 ^y labour, he fat'ujuecL exhausted : perf. 3 s. f. zlTiJ 2 ni. 
 i^y . f. -^-i-P, etc.; iinpf. 1}lj^ imper. ^{] ^ inf. |Ui^ , j)art. 
 ]J3, IJJ. — See Chakl. gl. ^n^. 
 
 inV^ M^' heart, the innermost part or vddst; pi. |/ oo!s: . — 
 See Chald. gl. 2^. 
 
 ^'^N, impf. - A^X?^ y^^// 6>/? clothes. — See Chald. gl. li'D^. 
 Zcui. at, near, to or towards. ■ — See Cliald. gl. ni':'. 
 
 .N\ , jll^, n/</ht; pi. f^^X^v^ — See Chald. gl. h>b. 
 
 rCfi pjlo , r///y article of furniture, pot or vessel , imple- 
 ment, dress; pi. pjlo. — See Chald. gl. jnd. 
 
 >c^ something. — See Chald. gl. CJ/"^. 
 
 i^kiis^ inipf. ZalaJ, inipcr. zaio^ ^/«?. — See Chald. gl. DID. 
 jzclL death. 
 
 jl»^^ iini>f. ) J%n3^ strike, bite or .y//>^_^ (an insect). See Ch. gl. t^HD. 
 
 ^a.1^^ \i'^h t.v^ « storm: pi. |iA".C^ waves. — See 
 Chald. gl. ^iti'm. 
 
 l4Cic impf. l4uLQj^ come to, happen; part. ^oie^..'|j3 X^ he 
 was able, had power. — See Chald. gl. ^"co. 
 
 V^Lifi on account of, for ; ?V^jas because, since. — Chald. 
 ':''itC?p, ^ILJpx. Prob. couij). of o^^ 1^0.^, the pertain- 
 ing to (^5 jia^uior: ?>? relation to, in consideration of, 
 because of; Chald. I^^ZDN) and '\. 
 
 1^ sJk^ 
 
 ^r? 
 
 ^ \^ ^ water. — See Chald. gl. p^^. 
 
 y^ hence ; '\ Ui^ hence to i. e. ivithin, in. — Chald. N2>D; 
 comp. of ^ and \L here, Heb. niD, Chald. nd. 
 
 Vkiio from this time forward, any longer : now, therefore.
 
 — (33 — 
 
 Comp. of ^ and "^^^ == CliaM. |Nr here, wluMice 
 Vsislll hence ; comp. V^ad then, therefore, '\.^''ji. hitherto. 
 \^ not iLscd ill I. — HI. VS.^ speak.- — See Cliald. ^1. h^,^. 
 ILdj )^^^. fi nord, saying: thin//, matter from[). iz";. 
 pi. ^•.Nv ^ ILic. — Heb. Cliald. rbu, jd. CiTC, p^c; 
 
 saiii. m^, pi. ••iimZ'ii. 
 
 U^ f- ^filf- — Ar. ^>jLo, llelj. M^^, Cliald. n;:c, xnrc, 
 
 Sam. ^2,"^; ill Ae(h. there occurs (ho denoin. vcrh 
 cPA/h! salt. From this word in the sense of the sea, 
 is derived 
 
 ^*»i^^ \.^^^ , a sailor; pi. ^.llHe. — Ar. -1^, Heb. 
 Chald. n^c. 
 
 T ~ 
 
 ^iliOj impf. ^4"Vv^i^ counsel, advise: be king, reign. — 
 
 See Cliald. gd. "^c. 
 
 ^v^ )-"V'^ a king: pi. ^-^Vv^ 
 ^ 7eho ? who : also a particle = Gr. jutv. — See Ch. gl. |c. 
 
 alio (lor ooi ^) who is? also used lor cL^ ?ehat is? 
 
 Chap. I. 8. 
 ^ fro?n, o/\ out of, etc. — See Cliald. gl. yc. 
 ^, j-iLs, what? what; adv. W/y > • nt^^-v") From ^l; . 
 
 NC, n;2, what? and 'oi. 
 
 T ' T ' \ 
 
 oiic (for C31 U:^:) /^7^^// is? 
 ^•-•v^^ ^ jj^Lc . ///r intestines, the helbj. — See Chald. gl. Nyr:". 
 
 ^ ]^, ^/ possessor, owner, nt aster : pi. ^f^. As a title of 
 respect, ^jj^ = in, y.v{)it, nnj lord, sir. Lord! ^ ^y///- 
 Zo;y/ (Christ), >i*^l w^ Mfir Ephraem, --"•--■'' ^j^ 
 J/<7;- Jacoh, etc. A cognate IViriii is 
 i;:^^, Ur^\ pi. Ur:^. I^o-^. Del". U jic , o xi'(>/0.-.
 
 — 64 — 
 
 c J > c 
 
 the Lord — Ar. gl«, g^, g^J, a man ; (Jliald. ic, 
 NnL% nc; Sam. ^^, ITI^^. 
 ^h^ Mard-cciog, Matthew. 
 
 \\^\ a prophet. — See Cliald. gl. N2J. 
 
 jzclij prophecy, a prophecy. 
 ^ ^^ extended, long. — See Cliald. gl. "131 
 
 ^i!^ long, protracted, slow, gentle; xloh'i ]j^^ = "^"liS; 
 
 C^BN slow to anger. 
 r,j, impf. v^J^ jop^ z'<?;^'. — See Chald. gl. "nj. 
 
 ]^^ ^/ vow; pi. I^'yi. 
 ]ioJ tf river ; pi. jioVoJ — See Chald. gl. "in:. 
 ._jS be quiet, tranquU. II. u-.^z2| r^*/', repose, cease or 
 
 </^i-M'^. — See Chald. gl. mi 
 pai a fish ; pi. jioj . — See Chald. gl. ]il 
 A .:■» inipf. Zq-i1j descend. — See Chald. gl. nni 
 ^ impf. ^ ?q4j watch, protect, preserve, worship 
 
 (comp. "i^l^O- ^- Ar. l£i .v<"6% observe, inspect, ^ 
 watch, 1^ help, defend; Aelh. iii/.: .sy?^, observe; 
 Heb. "1^:, "i:2J, Chald. n^j, Sam. '^^^. 
 [Ii impf. wajaj, imj>er. ^.-iic^ /^/^<?. ■ — See Chald. gl. 2D1 
 ^ impf. ^aai^ imper. w.oaa^ go oat. — See Chald. 
 
 I. )^', f. the breath, soul or .syy/nV, life; pi. jLiIiJ. — 
 See Chald. gl. t^DJ.
 
 6.1 — 
 % 
 
 -..»^, imj)f. II^zlS , groii\ inrrcase, be yrcat ux numerous. — 
 See Cliald. <^l. n3D. 
 w^, iU^, '• lU^. 1-U^, f'tuch, numeruus, yrcat ; 
 
 ll_^affl^ coMSli-. -l^2J», fi great rjuantitij , uhundance ; 
 vvidi sufl" -l^ai^ ^J-^^' ^c^k^aa,etc. — CliaM. N':;:iD, 
 nwic, ^:iD, -"Jl:, -^jc; Sam. rnif'^, ^^1^ ; also ^Att^ 
 « myriad. 
 
 ■fLo ^ iiiipf. joijai^ <:7<>.y^, .y/'?//', — Ai'. JX^ (^/^//i « stream, 
 Hel). irp in Nifal, Cliald. ire. Cognate rad. ^^ 
 ']10, "i^c; Aedi. AIWJZ^! r^y/c/^ /// a jief or snare. 
 I^saa <7 ^^// or /yfl-r; pi. \i=.z.^ . ■ — Chald. N'iriD. 
 
 . n\n , impf. ^.iiii , iniper. ^jia inf. . ^r^<^ yo up, ascend. ^^ 
 >_jia ) make ascend, briny out. — See Chald. gl. p^D. 
 
 - >-- ^^ , j_Ii!iiJ , (Caslell. j^Bii^J) time of ascendiny. risiny ; 
 pi. I-'ttv. 
 
 lLL» r. ///^ /<"//' hand. — See Chald. gl. '^.^-cz. 
 
 \Ls> coarse cloth, sackcloth : pi. j_:^. — See Chald. i;l. pc 
 
 ^jjjc not used in I. — ^11 1, ^pc empty, render vain and useless. 
 
 — Chald. p-^D. 
 s, f. l-i-r", ]'i.£LA.fSs , empty, rain, ?/seless : pi. in. 
 
 
 ]^-gjo f. jLL-^. — Chald. pnp. 
 
 /-^^ , impf. ^ '- V i , do, make. ■ — See Chald. <x\. "2y. 
 
 jj-^ , 1^^, nork , deed or //r/, business. — Heb.
 
 — 66 — 
 
 ■f£i^, iiii|'l. H=^ . /'^/■"•■•^' '^^y •"' ^>'V'/', — See Cliald. gl. ~i2y. 
 
 l-^^j n2j;, 0•fl^*E: ^\S&, Hehrem. 
 1^^ rt-.v /^//- as, until. C(jinp. ul" ,^ ^ "ly, </.v /^/r rt'y, ////, 
 
 and li^. nc. 
 .a:^ /^6' ufu'j'ow, in gi'icf or distress. ■ — See Chald. gl. py. 
 
 i^, Ajt:^, 1^^. distj'css, anf/uis/i. 
 ,-^^ )i^v, 1". //^<^' eye, a fountain; pi. | {•;< ^y^'*, l^^^s 
 
 fountains. — Ar. ^r , Aetli. 0Ji3F! Heh. jyv;, Cliaid. 
 
 NJiy, Sam. "^^iTtV. 
 Vil , impf. "^sli , inf. ^^ ^ part. '^ l:^ , f. Ul^ ^ ^^ ^V/, ^^y/Z^r. 
 
 — See Chald. o-]. ^sy, 
 \^ above, upon, on, over ; in addition to: against, etc. — 
 
 See Chald. gi. hv- 
 'KL pro|t. a snl)s(. signif. the upper part ; hence as; an adv. 
 
 '\j^ upwards, ^ V:^ above. 
 >aIiI:C, )vS\ , any tony indef peiiod of time, eternity, the 
 
 universe or ivorld. — See Chald. ^. cby. 
 ^zL with, along with. — See Chald. gl. oy. 
 >a:Ij ) ^^ . a people or nation, people, a multitude: ^.-^C^v^ 
 
 jvisns . — See Cliald. gl. dj;. 
 j^ajl « depth, abyss: pi. jjiica:^. • — See Cliald. gl. pay. 
 jjLiI or joi f. .s'^<?^/>, yoats. — • See Chald. i^l. |Ny. 
 ijL t'.. lj_Li£ 111., ten. Hence jjo^^iz ni., I^jaili^i I'., /'//r/^r 
 
 (see ^vz). — See Chald. gl. "loy. 
 ^.c^ . impf. ^x>o^ . flee. — See Chald. gh p~ij7.
 
 — 67 
 
 ^^uils throw up, row//; ("lial<l. 'C^B. A more usual si^nif. 
 
 ol" (Ills veil) is escajH', in wJiich sense it (•(•curs in the 
 
 odier dialects; Ar. o^JLi^ oJliJ. Hf*l>. :o'^D, Snni. ^13- 
 JjL . ^.j.3 . iinpr. U^ . ////•//, return. II. ^ i ■^ ' | id. — llel). 
 
 DJO, Chald. N>:^, ije, Sam. ^^3. 
 ..abL, inij)!'. ^ikai . rw/, dcrrcr (»r appniitt. — Ar. j3**i 
 
 of IVuil dial sjilit their outer eo\eriiii4; whni ii|i('. c. g. 
 
 the .late: Chald. ppC, Sam. VV^3. 
 1,-i, M^i , (^ ptii't or portion, u hit : \\. )v-i. — Ar. jnsj 
 
 apiece, Chald. ^<i>•c, NHiG. Another I'onn is jjai , pi. 
 
 Ifis. Chald. D^D; Aeth. l'4.i'iri : cast lots. 
 1^^ not used in I., separate, open: Ar. ^i. Heh. n'i?, 
 
 Cluilil. N'iD. 111. ^^ deliver, save: Ar. ^'^- Ih'h. nv?. 
 
 Chald. NVG, ""iJO, ^V?' ^^'"- '^•^3. 
 jjis . im|)r. ?=-lai ^ order, command, decree, — lleh. "ptT, 
 
 Chald. i,?Q, Sam. ^^3. 
 ■^aa, lJ|l==^ . '^'^ order, command, decree. — Chald. 
 
 npV?, Sam. i'Vv3 = Syr. \^-^ . 
 _ ^-.o suitahle, fittinij, asefal : ^imi. used in the sense ol' // 
 
 is f/oo/l, /ifti/if/. 
 ^l^, ini|ir. -^x-c^ ^ ciimpensate (tr make nj) for. pa// ;i dehl. 
 
 /)/l/i/ a vow, rec/aite. — Chald. yio. 
 
 —i^iis , laL.S:Ls . fulfilment of a \(»\v, retrihution . ri- 
 
 //uital, reventje. — Chald. ]V1V2 nn aventjer. n':v"iv3, 
 
 Sam. ^fiT^3, rereuf/e. 
 '.jc^iJ , li^^.a . a /H>rd. messuf/e. ihrree : matter, thiu</ : \\\. 
 
 lifl^i^. — Sec Chald. i;l. :::ri:.
 
 68 — 
 
 )J>.^ impf. I-Sj-Jj ?m/i, desire. — Ar. [1^ imj)f. ^/.^J love ; 
 
 Chald. 12^, O'i, Sam. '^^■iTI. 
 jc^, impf. >«o^, A"^'^- — ^^6 Cljald. gl. DIJi. 
 
 ^. he hight, shine, he hot. — Ar. ^^ the sun, sun- 
 shine, ^jk^sJo. 'P''^^ ^^ clear, evident ; Heb. hH be 
 white, ny clear, bright, ?varm ; Chald. TVl'T^ polish. — 
 See Aeth. gl. e-Ti^:: 
 
 J], ^ impf. yJ^ (?'^/?(^. III. ,*1^^ pf'^y- — See Chald. gl. N'?i». 
 \1.^^ a p'ayer ; pi. ]ii^^. 
 
 \^ 
 
 WfO impf. >cc^£j ^<? before, precede, anticipate or ^^ be- 
 forehand rvith, in old Engl, prevent. III. ^o^^J ;;2tfA'^ 
 precede, do beforehand, anticipate. --^►I .oBjI ,-*^t-o ,j 
 since ye are aware beforehand , ^^\ -v ■^\ >5pi 
 wy brother told me beforehand ; .ekl^ a-o^ oic^ 
 c^aJo^o!? I all the astronomers foretold; ec^^ ^oi? 
 
 ^^'"- v^ - V he outran Simeon. — Ar. lj.i' precede, IdJ 
 
 approach, a?'rive, IjJ be ancient; Aeth. ^X<^'. Heb. 
 
 C-p, Chald. D-p., Sam. -^1?. 
 
 >c^ }io^ M<? front ; as an adv. before, in presence 
 
 of — See Chald. gl. Dip. 
 
 llir^^ . f. I'L-IcjJ , /■r.9/. — Chald. nN'?j"ip , Sam. 
 
 ^A'iii'Y, Aeth. *?<^*E::
 
 — 69 — 
 
 »^^^ iiul iise<l ill I., he dean or pure, hohj. III. -*.,-= /"i'lf!/' 
 cousecrale. — See Cli.tM. ^1. •^•"p. 
 
 ^^tli'l or j*-.jjiil ''/V/^/.- Aclli. ^>.^.A: ChaM. tt'^^p, 
 
 Sam. -^^^-rniV; ll«'l>- Pli'HMi. U^ip (iiiscr. Sidoii.). 
 Ve U^ , the voire, souiul : pi. lis'. — Ar. J^i', JU, a 
 
 word, saijiiuj : Aclli. ^'A ! Ilch. Pli(»eii. Vp (instr. Melil. 1), 
 
 Cliald. %, Sam. >^, 2<t¥. 
 >=Le, impf. >cilj. imper. ^=.j. rise, stand. — See Cliald. gl. dp. 
 
 >i4uD imj»r. >:=4-ai. ''v//, hreak. — Ar. li^Lr '"'''''^- ^'f^^^ Chald. C^p. 
 
 >o4uc . ul^ui , ^ZA'/cf^A-, ■ — See Cliald. yl. crp. 
 Vo' be light, swift, smalt. \. " J:f fifjhte?i. — See Cliald. gl. 'i'^p. 
 ~ i. 0. .c Uai. y.tipc/Xaiov, a chapter or section : ])l. ] jlai. 
 Ijj;. imj)f. 1^. '"''///, '"''7/. proclaim, call on, invoke; name, 
 
 i^ead. — Ar. fJ", Heb. N^i"^, Cliald. N'-^p, Sam. A'j?. 
 ]|^ a f/oitrd. — Ar. cli, xxj-i'. Cliald. X'lP, '•"ip. 
 ^r;^, impf. _c=^ . ^<? ?iear, approach. — See Cliald. gl.2"lp. 
 
 .:ii notusedin I., helarye, great, numerous. — ^See Chald. ^-1. 22"*. 
 
 ^iS. l^i . f. "(dl , 1;--=^. /'5''*^<". great, numerous; as a 
 
 subsl. Mr headman, chief, magistrate, etc. 
 
 jisic? not used ill llio sini.i-.: ]il. j_L=i=v chief men, nobles. 
 
 els. li:LrS . ten thousand, a mgriad : pi. j^s^v. 
 Us. imj)r. )_£jj, increase, grow. 111. ,^s make grow, rear. 
 
 educate. — See Cliald. gl. S*2"1. 
 v^'n r., jj^V] III., fnir: pi. ^.i^',] for///. — -SocCli. ui. ;2"^N. 
 
 jIL^S. 1'^ -V-- V /;av////. -Cliald. nNy^2'l,Sam.^AV«Tl^'^.
 
 — 70 — 
 
 ^i . inipf. }^ii . be <i>i(jnj. — • See Cliald. i;! m. 
 
 \y^h imyer. 
 ifj ini|)r. |?ji. proj). tread, hence yo, set oat, (low ; bestow 
 
 pains or labour upon, study (coiiip. *^n~^), educate; 
 
 chastize. — Ar. ^S^ tread, stamp, crush, yo, ^S>. 
 
 pe?'ish ; Heb. nn"! tread, yo, rule : Ghald. Nl"} /lo?v, 
 
 spread out, plouyh, ron\ chastize, rule ; Sam. ^T*^. 
 
 ]?iic a Jouffiey. Also ]i^?j^. 
 ^^c? be wide, spacious; have ample room; be refreshed, 
 
 7 7 
 
 relieved. V. ^-^oh\ widen, expand; refresh, relieve. — 
 Ar. ' .r be wide, spacious, Heb. ni"l, Chald. T\T\, Sam. 
 ^t'^r^S'i. Prob. -jy nn, stands for ^,y nzi, 
 transposed from Zj^\-> ^PH (comp. '^t'^, ji^^J), with 
 2*n-i, xIsLC; and ^rnS*^, -^*f', '^^''t'' ^ni). Comp. 
 
 )L.j, >:>ifin, opp. (o ^LJ, p^v^, -1^, n"^^^, etc. 
 
 ^i imj)f. -^CfJ y Jjreathe , smell or ^/z^^ scent ; from the 
 drawing of a full breath are derived the signif. of 
 'being relieved' or 'at ease', whence III. -^^s soothe 
 
 ' .^ -- 
 
 or appease ; and of 'rejoicing'. — Ar. C, impf. _Lj 
 />/o;/' (the wind); L, impf. to or ^j-j, .s-w<"// any- 
 thing, Heb. nnn, Cliald. ^n^.;, Syr.^^n^ Sam. ^/Tl'^A; 
 
 ^^3' ""i'^- r'/^' ^'^J^^^^'^^- 
 
 ^^zh i-Io? m. f. breath, the soul oy spirit, the wind: 
 m. the. Holy Spii'it. — See Chald. gl. nn- 
 yz.'^-, ini[)f. >a*IiJ . love. III. >culi A>/v', ///y/^^? />/(// ?///<>//. — 
 See Chald. gl. cm. 
 I -r-.^" .. ^ ''vr, compassionate, mercifil. 
 conipassion . mcrcij.
 
 — 71 — 
 
 , _".^ ^ iiitl iisril III I., hf so//, fjcnilr. III. _-'^ s hroinl orrr as 
 
 a hird. — Ar. '_q-=-^-, oii>>. I>c soft: llch. r|rp . 
 )jL2!^j:a: compassionate , merciful. 
 
 ..ii^i he distauf, retire, depart. IW ^(_:i If e removeff. retire. 
 
 See CliaM. i;l. pn"'. 
 ^^i , U-»i. //"" /K'afI : 111. u^v. — See ("liaM. ^1. i^i"^. 
 }^i throw, cast ; used in I. oiilv in llic [tailicip. j^i and li^i 
 (soiiieliiiies jL:^f) \'. ^.^<\ id. — See C'liald. gl. {<c"i. 
 
 |i^» . inipr. Ul^i . /^'W ur /^r</ a tlock ,• iiitrans. feed, graze. 
 — See Cliald. ijI. n^i. 
 
 '^I-^ , jnipr. "^Ui . ask, demand, entreat. — See Cliald. gl. *:5NLt'. 
 
 ''^al^ , a word borroweil from (he Heb. t'lX'i^', wliidi lia.s 
 also passed iiilo (he o(her dialecls under (he forms 
 il^A.: i\^'^, Ivrn*^*^, and even into (ill Pers. as \}yjj 
 sliol and Jw^Jfc^ shidinau. 
 . -.>-^^. ^ inijiF. . > -.^ at ^ let (JO, dismiss, pardon: jiermif : let 
 alone, forsake, ahandon, leave hehind (conij). 2i>). — 
 Cliald. pr^, Sam. ^fi-^\ Hence (he exclamadon of 
 Jesus on (he cross: Khoi, tXio'i, Xa/na oa^ax^ctri: 
 
 ]^. imjif. ]^. fhro)r, cast: Chald. irw. A secondary 
 lormadon, somewha( aller (hq manner i^\ SImT'cI. frnm 
 (he rad. nij t/t?-ow (comp. D^t^^ >i-.*-^ . '''"' -^V/zr/-. fn mi 
 Dm, >i« ^<" //o^.* "inz' be black, I'mm -;n /<<■ dry (ir 
 parched: "^p, "VJL*, , //// ////. carry, perhaps connec(ed 
 
 Willi \i id.).
 
 — 72 — 
 
 ^ ^ bu7'n. — ■ Ar. ^^xo hunt, scorch, of heat and cokl ; 
 
 Z^ kindle, hmm; Heb. D'Dti' flame. 
 }I:q_J hea^, drought. 
 
 . M-I4-, always with | pref., ^..^L*.) //^r/, be able ; impf. ■ .Z^^? ^ 
 inf. 0.11^^ part. ■.^.-Ta^ 
 
 iL,, .il^j impf. |i.4.i, cease, be quiet or tranqud. — Ar. 
 
 ^Ll, impf. JLIS; Heb. n^ts^, 1^'ii^, Chald. "('^ti^, tt'ii'. 
 >%S^ A. ^ impf. >o!iL»i. be entire, safe or 7vell, complete or 
 
 finished. III. >al;^.»^ ^ //?<7X:<? entire, finish, fulfil a vow. — 
 
 See Chaid. gl. zb*^. 
 \ '^ ^- , tli^ ///^ sA?/, the heavens, heaven. — See Chald. 
 
 gl. N-i^ir'. 
 vui^L*,. impf. v^-ia^. Jtcar, obey. ■ — Ar. 1^1^, Aeth. A<?^D ! 
 
 Heb. Phoen. V^l^> V.'Q'^ (inscr. Melit. I.), Chald. V^W, 
 Sam. V^-^, ?^-»^. 
 
 wjLia.*, , j-^ia^ m. f. the su?i. — See Chald. gl. v/'OW. 
 
 ■fLt, , impf. f^jk-l ^ be beautiful, please. — See Chald. gl. idh. 
 j<='A, ]-f2^ , the morniny. 
 
 VfiA. , impf. '\o.:i.A,j lift lip , carry , take an ay. — Chald. 
 
 bp.ti/; Sam. i?-^. 
 ■fl, be firm. — Aeth. ^L,L,\ found. 
 
 5=^1*. . I^s^ tt shoot or sprout, tendril. 
 ]^, impf. ]il*.J, loosen 4)v untie. III. ^^^ /y<^^w. — See 
 
 Chald. gl. Nil:'. 
 -L*. i (for ^:^ ), impf |LiJ , drink. — See Cliald. gl. ndi:*.
 
 — 73 
 
 i^z, iinpf. i_c:i , hreak.W. f^zz] pass. — See CliaM. i^l. "^in. 
 iicooiz t/ie ocean. — See Cliald. gl. Dinn. 
 
 lli^ Kl^, ^ ^/•^/('v?. — Ar. b", whence the derioni. verh 
 _Ji rro)vn : Cliald. N:r; fnuii llic Pcin. _u. 
 
 s^i , iiiipr. _=oLj , rc/iirn, repent. — See Cliald. gl. ZIP. 
 
 ^9oi rt-// ^>.r; pi. ivoi. — See Chald. gl. lin. 
 
 ^al^ belon\ beneath, under; with. sufT. ^^alz^ -aicia.-^^ etc. 
 — See Chald. gl. mm. 
 
 \^ol , def. Uli^^ci , a worm , caterpillar. — See Chald. 
 
 gl. nyt'in. 
 2^z f., l^^z 111., three. — See Chald. gl. rhr,. 
 
 \1L:^A third. Cliald. HNn^^H, Sam. ^AAlTlZA. 
 
 X T T : 
 
 .^i there. — See Chald. gl. jDn. 
 
 ^;^^ ^v^. f. .--i^i, r^2:il^ tn-o. Hence i^I:^?^ . F. 
 
 l-jjiilisi, ///r/m — See Chald. gl. ]nn. 
 
 ji.^-:, f. l:LiI^.i, second. 
 
 b*
 
 AETHIOPIC VERSION. 
 
 (Df^j: <i>a: >»°Hi.Mi(ibC: 'Jfi: P-ffi: (OA.?: A<^b: i 
 (Dj^aAo:: I'iWA: ^ih-c:^) iJ^: mc: "vOJ?:") (Dfi-n^i: 2 
 A°£p-: 'hfic;^: ^q:) '^'hp-*^: ^ap:: (Df^z.: rnY «i)i •5'?^a: 3 
 ■nrfbZ.: •ici'bfi:^<?^'ia: Aia^-firfbC: <i)(I)z.a*: inz.: a.pA.: 
 (DZ.^in: rhcpz.: Hjei"?;?-: -fifh./.:") -rci'bfi: (F)'r^ri[i: 
 fh<3=>z. : • ) (D^iO : (iri-iij-t; : £^i.i?- : cptiXAva^ \ icrbfi : ' ) 
 'h<^'iiv.'h^\\,K'{\(ih{:" <s>s<pi^h: h-aaA-firfbC: i4.i'i:^jap: 4 
 (xrti-i-. Qrhc: (D^op:-) ^i^ha: afiic: i\)'\'<^'i.vi\: 
 (hcpc^: 'hcp: .Pi'inc:: (DAC"-: C'-i-j'-i-: (1)A(I)P(D.: 5 
 
 (D-iVp: 'liciii: /hc;=c: (I)'.<p: (D'^/hz." (1)(D/..v: -jiuj-: 6 
 Hih;?/i.:') (D£aA°: (^Viy) jPiorcp'ii: H^uh: (D/i(iro: 
 
 ") p. (Dri^c: ") I', ii's: uiz.: uop: ) p. adds I'^iz^: 
 
 '') Var. fhl/.: '■) Waiititi:^ in otu- .Ms. ami P. 
 
 ^) var. (D^JO: .'.'.fiv: i\y\'\i'^h'.'}\<pi^: ^) p. U)un.p: 
 
 ") p. ji»4>AA-: ') vai. iu!fib.»:-4:: J) var. <?^*5-ij.:
 
 — 76 — 
 
 8 \VA : Ff fi :: ©^aAfl) : "i^u : nnjii : <^v\- : •") /.^n-r i : 
 
 (DAjB-t: i-iTiorc: (Dhji-t: -firibCVi: 0cpi^: /hH-n^:: 
 
 9 (DxaA'CP-: p■fj^:o■n^qi: Ai:")(DA<pAHP:Ma^-n/ibC: 
 lOA^A^: A^^:") Hi-nz.: a^hz,: (Dpnri:: (Dzlcu-: 
 
 (D-a-i-: Qfhc: (Dp-j^i^*?^ : o^hc:") Ai: hhcpcr) 
 H\a^: n^K:AP: ^p/^a^cp-: mi^: c^ooa: ^a^:: 
 1 3 (DZL^^ : ''■) ^<p : ^) jii-cppm- : ^?i a : <?=^c : ti<^'i'^ : 
 0£(D-: ^acp: ^^u(D5i:>) ofhc: (DJi^iiuT^: ACJATf<p: 
 l4 ^oaa::^) (DAorpo).: w-A°<?^: -iftz.: -jn: MaA-niibC: 
 (Dj^aA: rhfi: a^: Ma^: h.*^4:Aj: nn^i: i^j^: 
 AH?*: -fl^ia: (D^^z.a: aoaj: ^<p: ^^*: Aficp: 
 15 All-: Miu^: h^cp: a*^-^: inc'ft::'') (D5W?ifl): 
 AFffi." 0(DZ,a)(D: ara-r: oAic: (DAC^cp^:") o/hc:: 
 
 ') Mss. 09 : ">) p. <p{. : n) p. <pi^ : 
 
 ^'j Var. and P. IfM,'. ^xnU.h'ihlhQ : hi '. 
 
 P) One ms. adds (\}<py,C. 
 
 «) Var. ?iS(D- : -i^cv^-p: 'in.p: aticp: at^cpcp: "fvc^: 
 
 '^) Var. ^'iJi'li : '') Var. ^OHA ." ') P. (D(DC(D-J. : 
 
 ") Var. ct^oha: ')p. ^7^<PC(^: ^^)(D'paAa: 
 
 ^) Wanting in one Ms. and P. ^) Var. JJ^A(D5l I 
 
 *)p (D^^5iH?\: c7i: a:: '^)var -inc: 
 
 ") Var. (D AC«^«^ '.
 
 — 77 — 
 
 (i)/uC\JiJ) : AViii^(i(ib(;:Ac7'"M:: v';.i:(i)-: ^'aiv: <{y\". hj 
 a)'j'n.: A^^ii.^nribC: cpi«'toi" : (Diioh: fiOAi:: :: :: 
 
 <^: B: 
 (DMin: hin.MhihC: njjiz,: ^jn.p: rriirr^:') APin: i 
 (Djnz.: Pifi: (i)fri:'iic'ij: a/jii/.:') ui/vri: <;=*}ai:) 
 (DUJAi'i: A.A.1-^):: (D«ap: P'/ri: (dtii: ) 'iicin: j 
 Mn/.: '^ii: >»°iii.Mhh>c: A^^vn-: (DXMl:: acdpuhi-: i 
 n<?^fiMi.p: -^(i: 'A^iii.A-nffbC: A<?^\'n.p: (Di'Ke^^T'j.: 
 fuirfii:") 'ncui: 4>\.p: k-^-'/P:') (Di-k^^^;-?.: 9^v\•. 
 (Da)Z.(i)i: (i)rip: ajkJ) nr'hc: mnm,: k^\t. i\)<^F^h\ 4 
 ac>a.p: 'n'-A-: ^t^OiIa'ii: (D^i.!;'!!"^):: a)A"jri: Aa: 5 
 
 cap: a-r: ^4».i'ivn:: (ir^hH:") c^.h: 'hi\H\: i^,h?: 6 
 (Din-t'f.: *ajj: (la-fhi:: (Diri'i^cp: catip: (nrit-: 
 *j*urf-i-: A.i?ac"):: (D(i)/^.R'n-: (irrii-: c^.'?c: ajp: 7 
 OK-(i)-: ^iYi°i-i:y: Ace^^-'i^z.-!- : ^A<p: (Dud'p: ") 
 
 'h<^iV: A<pJ: <?^n^: ;hJ?(I)lM»:: [in llie Oxford iMs. 
 verses 5, 6, and 7, are as fuUows. (DA(t: -PiTil-A'n-f.: 
 
 ?il3: 'h<^^py.cp: Av'»jrj-J:'n: iJA>fV}.: A(.7..p: /^Crh: 
 cpti..i.'f,'n:: A-iiiii}.: <^J!: Ari'n: catip: «p\.hi: vii-: 
 CAfip: iin'i^cp: (ivivi-: i^^i-i-r: A.i*ac:: (i)(i)Z..»."ii-: 
 
 <^) var. (DAHh: A: A^a.p: a$ii/. 
 
 •*jP. U^nC: and above U'Jll/.: 
 ')Var. A.PAP: '^) P. QUrfi-p ! 
 
 *) var. 'iicuj : aAA ! «i>a: /v^fhP : 
 
 '') One Ms. adds A'M' ! AOA.P: fi \i^.: 
 
 "») Var. (D'iHIU.: .w>. 
 
 ") One Ms. ^<^0 ^ •'<'"' <^niits the next 3 words 
 
 p//r«^: 
 
 
 ^) Var 
 
 v-iA f : 
 
 ") V;,r. 
 
 (1) Ti!' : 
 
 J) 1'. ;i. 
 
 ds *ap: 
 
 ') Va,. 
 
 la-'fi : 
 
 •>) Var. 
 
 jL*nc:
 
 — 78 — 
 
 8 HXiixA : cp-fif : -ifiH^ : Ma^ : K<^\hxp :: j riii : .ja*^ : 
 
 9 *.«?-^*n : /? CA : ^*;?fi^ :: KAft : ^^i> : Hi'i-t : (DAfti- : 
 
 1 iXii : inuAotf=^ : : a)A^fi: ") c?^jia : ^a : fi-fl^h^ : 
 (D-i^iP:") MU(iro: xH\: <^mi: /lA^^: oih^cD^p: 
 
 11 A'^WP-: AMaA-flffbC" (DAHFlMlLA-nffbC: AdrJi-t::') 
 
 A'mzi: j'CD'/th: AFfn: (irn-i-: <p^c:') (DAorith: 
 
 (D'fil*: <?^.I^C- [In the edition of Petraeus these four 
 verses are as follows. (D-PH^OT^: AMaA-flxibC: 
 
 fifi: -JA*^: i4:fip: ?i<?^AOAP: ^-oH/h: aa-^p: 
 -iChHi: k: <p\\ (dxaa: po^ii-: hi: (d: i: ui:: 
 (DAI A-: h^'a: iiA«"PP: 2^1 1: a^: (DT^ujarc?: a^:: 
 WAo: Hfigji^rt-: 'hii.^vHw nlhj?(D^p:: (d-pahh: 
 AKiaA-fiffbC: (D-^i'i^: uin>5: cDAor^h: AFi"fi: (ir: <?3::] 
 
 1 ®'0i: *a: K°iaA-fi/ibC: J?°i^: -Jn: prn: cD^aAo:: 
 
 2 i-iwT^: (D/h-c:^ ^^^: u'^C ^aji:") (Dfi-n^a: Apc?^: 
 
 3 n^ip: 4>jj.^:^) fi-n^-p:") H?ifl.A^: hi v. (d-i-iwa: 
 p-ffi: (Dr^z;:ii^:n^cp: jjaAoiMHA-n/ibC: (Dii^n: 
 ^qjj:^) u:2c:^?i-t:^) AMaA-flih>c:(D<?^OT;?: *K■^: 
 }\<?^A3f*/r: AA'i*/?: «pmi: <?^;hTZ,: ujAfi: <:ptoa: 
 
 P)Var. Aln: ") Var. n-PD^P : >") One Ms. oniils Qyh-t'. 
 •'*) One Ms. oniils these 3 words and adds APffll after (DACD-Zf^ : 
 
 *) P. (D/T>c: ")p. ii^: U1Z.: uqp: 
 
 ' ) p. H*^<^ : ^^) One Ms. and P. fl-fl'tl^ ! 
 
 ^) Var. ^aj? : y) One Ms. and P. (ir'Al: .' 
 
 ^)One Ms. lias AAia^^-nrfbC: (I)<?=fhTZ.: UJAfi ! <jA^'.\ 
 
 P. A>ii : <j=»m^ : <?^rhq'Z, : lu : o : ^) var. (onnvi :
 
 — 79 — 
 
 v'iA->: (i).Hn.: >,ri'ii: cptoa: uF/vri '•) •i-t-i/i.-.t*/^: 
 j*4*:: (D'l'^cpj.: ri-n/-.: ;;t: ii<i'y\: ^-yii.^-firh.c: '> 
 (DrifiHK }<<^: (i)yV(hY: in*i>: '^^I'lcp-: (i)'jn,pc^:(i)/'/^i-i:: 
 !\\t\i'i.[r<^\ i\)U\/..: (DTii-: fhJ=.i::: (i)ri<r*'i: VMir. o 
 jjt: (i)-i"^i«'^»: "^c?^^: cp'u\/..: (I)A>»'I"I-: ^Anri.ii-: 
 (DyV'fii'i: iif*i>: (\)U\/^: (irrri-: rficp^?:: (Dnn'o: jm": : 
 Mi'\r. (DAunjM::') mui: ivn^: (i)>»'{rii-i : (I)Aa^j<?^-i-: 
 (DAa'?^^: j\.E'fiAU.: (i)\<?^jij.: {Dhj.^/jw.: (D^^fi-ri?: 
 c^p:: (DA-nri-: nf*!*: ri-nA:') (DAJfu'i: (i)A(i)pn).:'^n: s 
 Vin.Mifh.c: ''/It/.: (\yiy.'h: 'n'A«: ahip: <p°inr.c7^: 
 o^^c^^g: H(i)ivi-: /'».i."Uir<^:: (DJmiwv: cpj.: pa<?^c: 9 
 
 (i)M<:^<i)-^: KiHw: (DC'ap: MiunrfbC: <?^'7ac<^: lo 
 
 *A<?=[i: j(i(i:') 'hH\v\ H\(p: ji'iiK'.-) \<jiV\Yc^'A\)Kii\i:> 
 hHX'V :: :: :: 
 
 <^\ v: 
 ©■t'ViH : p Vh : ^ifi.p: -t^nii: (p,hiij "):: (D«ap: -^n : i 
 hnwMhhC') (i).Ra: hiw.h'. AfM-: 'ficp'n: Ad.: j 
 rHhh.CP: (Dn/'/M-.-J) nji:; •i-/.mA'fi-: ici-bfi: 'iM\<p\ 
 :\i\(pQ\ 'i\<p\ <p'hA\ A'M-: (i)cPri-iuj;jA: C/h*: <3=^>-i-: 
 (D(iH-.5: <?^;hz.-p: (1)8^?'^: (D-H.fifh: n>iVP: A^ni-:: 
 
 ") One Ms. and P. UU yVfi ." cPTiVA ! 
 
 ')So P. — The one Ms. has (Dl'i: *{ ! Af^^P." A'M)i*i<?=»- i 
 (DA^aP-*^: the other merely (DrHlfl." A^^flJ^^.' 
 
 ") The oxf. Ms. has (i).PAnri- : I'lfiA : in *!> : 
 
 *^) Those 2 words are waiilini;- in one Als. 
 
 ") Wanliiiir iti one Ms. ') due Ms. a.hN }\<^ Vi\ '. 
 
 J) vai (Dinipj:
 
 — 80 — 
 
 -) AF5Yi : 't^4> J. : ^•t^'H : ') a Ji- : : (\yh<p^i : 0/? a : f^ fi : 
 
 (Difiz.: •bfh't: A\A>i-:?\fm: ^loh.: ii^Yior?: inc" 
 fj (I)ahh: Mii.A-fiih>c : A<?^fh^: (DQ'I^a: (DAaa: 
 
 (D-t-zLWfh: F57i: '^api 4:W'Ti: ii^^i-: ih<pih<p" 
 
 7 0AHh: MaA-fiffbC: ni^J.*: 0^: o^-i-a: a^^-i::) 
 
 8 ifi<?=»if\c^: (DP-nivl-:: (Diuz*: e^^: ahh: •) MaA-fiiibC: 
 J4.i'i: ;h4,z.: nj*(D'^,: (DA^hcP^p: e'T^jE: c^a-: AFffi: 
 
 9 Ac^^rb^o):: (i)£aA«: txinh-i^^c AFffi: 'J^^f: 
 •t^mn:') aM-t: fh<pih<^: (D^a:^) 'i^*: •i-^n'H^: 
 
 io>iMi: A^^'):: (O.EaAo: MaA-O/fbC: a^j-i'i: 't'<^h\'f\: 
 
 jh<?^/h^: HA.8cp(i)-^i: (DA.ri4>£TL : ") haa,+ : a*poA^: 
 
 1 1 (i)A.A.'t-: ^+'^:: (DAif:^) Aj^cphi'o: AiiT: u*ic: 
 
 jcdBpp'aa:^) KAMi^'-) eiJ^cp-: (dp<?^^°^: (i)7\lfi>i: 
 •niM:: :: :: 
 
 k 
 
 ) Warning in one Ms. ') Vnr. 'l^VUH]'. 
 
 "■) So P. — The one Ms. (l)/iAA« '. KM '. C'AlY '. APffl ! the olhfr 
 
 (D/iAA-: AP'ffi: cp: c: AP-m: 
 
 '^) One Ms. and p. 'liCP'. J?/iAA°: 'A<?=U^'t.G ! ■Ac?^;hi71<^' : 
 ") One Ms. and P. (1)*-JA°: A'llf)-: ^) Var. (DUJ /.*: U! (DAFIH! 
 
 ") One Ms. 0-p'po^5^u ! J4:ri-: p (i)i^<i»o'4Mj : i<ri : 
 
 ■^j p.^-t^'H: ^)var.(i).RaAo: p'/fi: ') var. A«3^T^-P : 
 
 ") p. (i)H A.!"! : ^ ) p. (i> Ai ri : '^ ) vai . h u a (1>. : 
 
 ^) p. }\<^\nu CI:: (D'JtAA,-!:: 'AA-r.: aa : >) var. A.p/i.Am-:
 
 OLOSSARY. 
 
 u: 
 
 UA(I): coiKracled DA?: iii)i>r. ^MA:'. he. 
 
 \yW\ \\\\\sl PU(D-!ii: disturb, ayilate. VII. -rUdrll : iiiipf. 
 Jil-UCDii: pass. — Ar. Jye ^<^ .9///y, simple, J^^JOo 
 confounded, stupified ; cogii. -^L^, iinpf. ^>-^ excite, 
 ^<? excited, --y^f violent (wind). 
 
 u*ic: /? ^%.- pi. auk: — ^^: an.l ao>c:— ^i* - Ar. 
 
 w^\5> id IIk' <lial. of Yaiiiaii. 
 
 a: 
 
 A I (o, for, according to. etc. Sign ol' llic dat., ami .iKo nf 
 tlu' acciis. (see Cliald. gl. ":"), willi a |)i-ecediili;' pinii. 
 snir., e. -. Gen. II. 7. (Ol-flC: MllA-nifbC: AivnA: 
 ■A<?^i: ^Z>-r: <?=>^rc: ^w^/ ^/V>^/ nuule man (lit. iiiade- 
 liiin. man.) of lite dasf of flic ground. It is likewise 
 used, with a preceding j)ion. suil'., to ciiinin.scTihe lln' 
 o-enil., e. g. 'h<^i\ X^c^^: XKW iT/lUi: nf itw 
 hlood of those giants: ihA<^; AZLC.i^'i : P/iaraoh's 
 <//r^w. — Withpn.n. suil. A.'!*:: Afi: WV-'. J^-^', \±:. 
 
 M" A**!*^-: AWf:: a«c^: A?'i\ or A»-i-f:: 
 
 6
 
 — 8'2 — 
 
 AO<^: (III ox: |)i. ^AU<?^^:: 
 
 A^: Mr heart: \A. AAQ-O:: Afi: QrhC: = D^'D^ ///<- 
 
 *■ T V 
 
 depths of the sea. ■ — See Cliald. gl. zh. 
 A-nft! iiiipf. .EA'flfi! siibj. JBAflfi: pat on clothes. — See 
 
 Chald. gl. ^-^h. 
 
 A-flii: a dress: pi. AAQfi :." Ar. J^. 
 AOA '. apon, above : to, towards, ai/ainst : corresp. to hv in 
 
 the otlier dialects (see Chald. gl. hi). Wilh siiff. AOAP: 
 
 A<^A^: etc. 'K<^\<)K\ from off, away from, from 
 
 (bye). — Hence is formed a \erb AADAI raise, exalt, 
 
 and oilier derivatives, e. g. 
 
 <J='AOA.^! an elevated place, top, summit; adverb, aec. 
 
 cJ^A-OA.!*! over, above. 
 ^A.^: night; pi. APA^" — See Chald. gl. ^-h. 
 A1^: a hut; pi. Ali"^:: Perhaps from the rad. ^j^ 
 
 (JO in, enter (comp. Sanskrit veca-s , Foiko-!^, vicu-s, 
 from the lad. vir). 
 AA*: iiiipf. ^A/?4>: adhere, be united. IV. AAii4» : make 
 adhere or apjiroaeh, unite; intrans. be near or on the 
 point of, followed by the subj.; clia[». ill. 4. (DAA^4>: 
 X^aX: U1Z.: (we may supply H\(P\). — Ar. J^, 
 
 £h<^: iiijpl. P/Ii<p<?^: ^r af/licted, sick. IV. Afh<P<P: /////Y, 
 
 distress. — Ar. l.is. na?vn , make anxious (see Syr. 
 
 i;l. >c-»), *-»• /'^/'V' fever, i^:^): ^sa make anxious, 
 sickly.
 
 — 83 — 
 
 fh^<P! (list/CSS, iliscasc. — Ar. r»U-=» fii'cr , (•U^ 
 
 deal It. 
 fh<?^/h<^: a tjinird. 
 ih^C. fi ship: pi. Afh^C.i Pcrliaps c(>niie(.-U'<l with ^y^ 
 
 cairij. 
 
 itiy^Z,: he hot. — Ar. ^. I Id*. ~i~, .\iain. in, ■^. 
 
 ih^C- (tuniied liked Tia^), f. fhCC'l"' (liimli'l) hot,scorchiii(j 
 *^A! prop, a verl» oplal. in I ho perl'., absit : ^i\\ h.H\\ fur 
 
 be if from thte ! Ar. nXi ^jiLa., ^iU L^Ls., JLiL.=>: 
 
 Aram. "^^ c". ^ ^, tiX'^'H ((jeseiiiiis, C'anii. Sa- 
 
 iiiarit. II. IC). \'. G). ^rn^SVi* 2^^ /w- be it from 
 
 thy servants! Gen. XLIW 7. 
 ihi'iCD: inipf. JJifbi'i-: He. 
 
 AA^! falsehood, a lie. 
 ii^l^\ impf. PihOrC: suhj. ^/T^C: (^/frCM impcr. /^C: (/li-C) 
 
 go. — Ar. 'Ls» return. Hence xhTCJ*" (^)'v=> ('" 
 
 apostle. 
 
 <^rhTC' spare or distu/iee . u 'pmrneij : }^<?^fliT/,! 
 
 chap. 111. 4 = >i<?=: <?=fhT/^:: 
 
 fhTl-fl ! /Y bodif of men. tribe, ualion : \A. K'^\H'{\\'. \r. 
 
 ihHJ: and xhllJ : impf. Pfh'II'J: //r .vw/ , sorronful. — 
 
 Ar. ^^. 
 rhHH! eouijh. \\. ^fhHH ! w^z/y tou//h. rhnhe. 
 /hJB(D: inipl. PfhP: suhj. JifhPdv: ml. fh.PdV : (lor d^P-CTr:) 
 
 lire. — See ChaM. ul. NTI. 
 
 rh.P(I)'V: ///;•. ^ .\r. 'kL^. IM^.
 
 — 84 — 
 
 (hJiA,'. iiMpr. ^iihJi'^'. ateer, direct, protect, save. — Ar. 
 oJ»^ the helm or rudder (jUxi^Jt ^LC^), Aeth. 
 
 fh>A:/>6'm/^ VII. 'Tih'hA: or VIII. •Jfih'VA: id. 
 
 (J^Afh^: (ui anchor. From ^J^J adhere to, reach or 
 
 <PA^: inipf. f^A^a: ;7^/6% govern. — See Chald. gi. iSc. 
 A(?=A^: a god, God; pi. Act^A^^" It is itself, like 
 crrtikS, a pliir. (remnant of orig. polytlieism) from -^d 
 a king , which occurs in the Himyaritic inscript. (see 
 Rodiger's Transl. of Wellsted's l^ravels, p. 398, or his 
 „Versiich", p. 27). 
 
 <^'^1^\ and <P/hZ;: impf. J?<^fhC : subj. ^<pihC: have 
 mercy or compassion upon. — Transp. from Dm; see 
 Chald. gl. 
 
 <P^h\ (mahharf) compassionate, meJ'cifuL 
 <PrhZ,^! compassion, mercy. — Ar. iU-&.s. 
 
 <?=;h^: and <J^fh^: impf. .E<pfh^: subj. f<?^/h^: /?%, 
 
 <?^fiA : //'/M. With sufF. <?=fiAP: <?^fiA^: etc. 
 
 <??rt}: rot, peiish. — Ar. ^\.mA become putrid (esp. wafer). 
 
 ^^ii7\ putrefaction, cofTuption, destruction. 
 <Pi'. (for a^^lh'.) who? accus. <P'i\\ Ar. ^, gen. ^, 
 
 ace. iLo; f. Luo, >.;Ljuo; etc. — See Chald. and Syr. 
 
 8^1
 
 — 85 — 
 
 (f^Vi-: trhaiy ace. <^*}i-:: KC^i'V,:. m>( n-cn a si/iylr 
 thiiKj. Atmdici- luriii is <^\ (I Id). ""C w/tu}'). 
 
 fP?;?n: not uscl except in VII. '\'(P'i}^i\\ be nf/lkicd dis- 
 tressed, in danger : (Iciioiii. Irom 
 
 <^'fi?a: af/liction, distress, danger: [A. (P'J.».''(I.P'"l- :: 
 Coiiriecled willi Ar: v^Jo = Ja-i^ danger, ^jo ^r- 
 ;/77// M<" dead. 
 
 <P'il\\ to, towards. 
 
 ^-r: iiii|.r. y.<P(Sf^\ suL>j. Ji*?^*"'!-: ^//f. — See ChaM. 
 gl. mo. 
 
 cPOr']^: and *1^"2^: coll. waves, a storm: pi. cPT°?^: aii.l 
 <l^*i.V^:: I'n.l). Iruni a ra<l. (Di;?: = ChaM. i;: /7(y/^\ 
 which see. 
 
 <POA^:: See (DO a:: 
 
 c^CjOA: (nil. /.'wr.y, Ijdlows ; pi. <??^^QA^.*: Perhaps con- 
 nected with "12J? /^<?A'6' (^// or <wer, inandate (.Ics. \'III. 8, 
 Nah. I. s). See Chald. yl. 
 
 cPO^ ! anger, rage. 
 
 c^.E: ;/Y/Ar.- pi. ^.r->:: See Chald. ui. ]"D. 
 
 ^jn: iiiipl. .K^.R'i": suhj. .Pc?^'?^: /yr//'/. ////•//. tam awag. 
 avert: firing Inieh-, eonverl. \lll. '\' <j^ yA\\.\ lam, re- 
 turn, be eonverted. — Ar. irLo. impl'. iax».j , Inrn 
 atvag , retire from , drive off: ihli. uTO, Syr. ^'jJ . 
 waver, shake. 
 
 <?=>.?'C: //''" eartli, land. — Ar. .Joe elag, mud: Syr. )iyio 
 a clod of earth. 
 
 cP/TlJ: imp!". y.<H'^^\ measure.
 
 — 86 — 
 cPdl'j: //u'(isurt\ //iifinliti/, qualitu, ivorth. merit (coiiip. 
 !ji). ^/Ui: /lAX'^l-i (IS murk as (whatsoever, all) 
 I have vowed. (Jliap. II. 10. 
 iP/TA: come. find. IV. h<^F:h: cause to come, bring. — 
 See Chald. i^l. NtCO, and add Syr. V^ <thle. -^zj 
 ^tf able. 
 
 UIUA : gentleness, clemency, pardon. — Ar. J^*w he smooth, 
 level, 111. (is^Lw he hind to. Hence I-IWUA : he gentle, 
 pardon ; and the verb. adj. cPfi-t^UJUA : gentle, gracious. 
 
 WAfi: obsol., XHAfi: and gen. UJAfi-t5: ///r<^^^ — See Chald. 
 
 gl. n^n. 
 
 UJAi-i^: or TTJAi^Ji: f. — •I'R^ : or — A.^! and UJAii: 
 f. UIAfi'l-: (Ar. X.JLi) third. 
 
 lUAfi: ///;Yr, with nouns of time, as OA'l- : aiiil AA.^" 
 XU^*: rise (Ihe snn). — See Cliaid. gl mi. 
 
 UJ*: sackcloth: pi. UJ$^: AW$*: AW$$^:: See 
 
 Chald. gl. pD. 
 wo: inijif. ^UJ(D-0: sub). .T?Uf^: sacrifice. — The Ph(^en. 
 nyili (inscr. Massil.), denoling a particular kind of ofler- 
 ing, seems connected with this vcib. 
 cPWTCi^: a sacrifice; pi. (Pm^Sft)'. {^WTC^d-l-:: 
 
 ^: 
 
 Crh*: inipf. .ECrh^: subj. J?Crh4> : he distant, retire. — 
 
 See Chald. gl. pm. 
 
 Cfh-* : (lorni -IMlh). f. Crh*•■^ : (rihliukt) distant,
 
 — 87 — 
 remote. C^^**^ * "^U'l" ! shur /» tintjer , forbeariinj 
 i^-^lf^l' ^Vrn^^ Geseiiius, Carin. Sainaril. II. 19). 
 /^(p<p\ iiol used. I\. hQ<P<^'. be silenf, tra/if/fiit. 
 
 Z,AP: iiiipr. ^L^'' siihj. J?Z.i\: ///// or jilare (lietire wilii 
 
 a: or AOA! /<7// to one's account, if/i/fi/fe, chap. I. 14): 
 do or make. 
 
 C-no: ohsol., Z;'nD': and gen. ACa<^*: A^///-. — See Cli. 
 
 ^•^i^l*E: — ^^: r. ^'n^'E'^: — ^^: and zi.-no: 
 
 f. Zii-nCj^: (Ar. Li') fourth. 
 Ofi: ^6' Itead: pi. AC^fi^" See Chald. gl. K/'*-. 
 C?iP: impf. £Z,h.: sill)]. ^C^Ji: imper. C?i.: inf. C^J?: (for 
 
 C^.JB:) *^^. — Ar. ^\y Ilel). rvSl. 
 Z.^m: impf. fZ.'ft-n: ////^/, ^/>/^///; befall or //^//y/y^v/ /(/, 
 
 with ace. of llie person, eliap. 1. 7, 8. 
 CCjP: impf. JBZ>^: and £C^: subj. ^CUf! take to pasture, 
 
 tend a flock. Vlil. 'TZ.DP: A'rr/, y/v/r^'. — See Chald. 
 
 ri: 
 
 ft: }>ul , indeed: always affixed (o other words, as A^ft ! 
 
 7\Aft:: 
 
 ft<^U: impf. J?ft<?^0: /'tY//-. — See Syr. gl. wv^,. 
 
 fi<?^! a name: fame or renown (as iti Ileh. Cl^'n "'p'JN' Gen. 
 
 VI. 4. CLt'-'iii'iN Num. X\l. 2, c*^'""'""nN2 IZlt'"'^ Gen. 
 
 IX. '20, rather than ..in llie tents of Shem"). — See 
 
 Cliald. gl. c*^'. 
 ft<??J*: ///^' .v/y. heaven: pL ri<^.P-l-:: SeeClirdd. gi. 6<^;;i:'.
 
 — 88 — 
 
 rt4»P; inij»r. Jifi*fe ! /rater, irr'u/ale. — Ar. iu« give to 
 drink, irr'ujute ; IJeb. T\y^^'T^\ Aram, "tp^is, ^--a-J) , iTiV'^**^ 
 a 1 1(1 m?-^ (Pa"el). 
 
 fifl: /^'//^/^ ?rltilsf: offer. 
 
 iVilxh; iinpf. JiA-llfh." praise, {/lori/'i/. — See Cliald gl. n2tt''. 
 fi'fl'h^! praise, Ian da (ion. — Ai*. i^s^^^ prayer, a 
 rosary. 
 
 rtflZ.: inii.f. ^A-{1C: break. VII. 'tn-fiZ.: pass., imj)!'. 
 ^ftllC- (yessabar) for ^^AflC" a usual assimilation 
 in Aeth. (e. g. (DhUUXIlfl)<7=*': and I will answer them, 
 (DJIAQih! and may he celebrated) , which takes place 
 also before l"! fli: J?: Hi K\ ^\\ For the Arab., comp. 
 such forms as ^^kj, vi^ jo ? f^i'tX^j, ^j^t-^? '" 
 the kiir-an, for o^iiXj, ».> Joij, Lit\.oJCj , ^^^.^iJCj: 
 for the Heb., see (xeseniiis' Gram. §. 53, 16. edit. — 
 See Chald. gl. n^n. 
 
 A-flTi! coll. man, mankind, people (a single individ. is •flJiil! 
 
 f. -fiTiai-:). 
 
 filial! im[)f. ^A-fl^il! imper. fi-fl^l! proclaim, preach. 
 
 fi'd'Q^ I proclamation, preachiny. 
 i'i-IT: impf ^frl-: siihj. ^fil'^ : r/;-/;^/-. — See Chald. 
 
 gl. Nnt:'. 
 
 Ai-J? ! M^' ;/«^.?/ ^/<7// , the day after : the second day of 
 
 the iveek. 
 
 il£^: the ne.xt day. ll'^ifd.': ne.vi day ((he fern, siilf. 
 
 refers to <)^:V\). Ar. ^ (vnlg. ^b), f. 'is<j^\ii , xe- 
 
 cond, Heb. 1Jl^^ f n^Jl^- 
 iXhA : liom die Ileb. hyiixp. ■ — See Syr. gl. "^c
 
 — 89 — 
 
 tihi'. iiiipr. Jlii\'h'i'. he I Hi a I lie. 
 
 I'ldrrid): not used. — '/K':Ji'iri(I) : nnlk. - Il»'f>. Nii'iS' lead. 
 'A"ifi«'i! (.oil. tinimals, ralf/e. — Coiiij<. Ar. iLyiLo I'loni 
 ^^jo )V(flk : Syr. l-Joij-L goods, n'callh (orig-. flncks, 
 herds), IroiH ^^s (Aelli. C^.' Heb. ^"i, Cliald. j:ri-i^ 
 Sam. W^, \'. ^171^ A) /v///. 
 
 Aill<^! not used. Nil. 'V^\'^<P\ hr ji/uNf/ed i/t , humersed, 
 suhniertjed. 
 
 4>AA iinpr. JG^AA : suhj. J?*l>AA : he Hf/hf , easy. IV. 
 
 A4»AA I lighten , make easy : hold lujhl , despise. — 
 
 See Cljald. gl. ^^p, 
 *AJJ: an abyss; pi. 4»AJ»^:: 
 ^UJA: itiipr. Ji*W4t: /^/.s//, scourge, ehaslize. 
 
 (P^^XW^'V. a blow or stripe, chastisement ; pi. — d"^" 
 ^•tA: ini|)r. ^^'I-A: /t///. — Ar. Joi", lleb. t5^|?, Aram. ^:g:3, 
 
 ^A: (he voice, sound. — See Syr. gl. vl. 
 
 ^X<P'. impr. S.^K'<P'. be in front . precede, anticipate. — 
 
 See Syr. gl. >cy_D. 
 
 4>.^'<p: the beginning : adverb, ace. ^>\'(P\ in front, in 
 
 presence of, before: witb siifl". 4>.^^Tl : etc. — .\r. 
 
 Id^ idden time. Heb. Dip, Syr. ]^fL. Cliaid. pQlp, 
 
 Sam. -^T?. 
 
 4>K.<'=': ;idv. bef>re. firmerly : WVK<}^'. firmer. — 
 
 Chald. Ci~|":5, Syr. >=i^^j^; .\r. jvjj^i ^'A/. ancient, 
 eternal : lleb. ci-j^ ///r front, the east.
 
 — 90 — 
 4>V^: 4»VC^'C: and — <^Jt: 1. — c^*li^: and ^ 
 
 *oino: not used. VIII. 't^po'i^O : inij)f. ^'I'^nio: /^c indig- 
 nant at, disgusted with. -V^^y)^'. i^Ct-'. he was 
 weary of his life, chap. IV. 8. — Conii). ^fllfli: and 
 licit. L:ip, I'ip. 
 
 *P°/IZ.! hedge in, sui^round. — Ar. >..oJ" set limits to, re- 
 strain, i??iprison , shorten, cut short: ^^ be short; 
 Heb. "liip, iiip. Cognate radicals, ih/iZ,: w^n^, Jkr>, 
 Cliald. -i£:n. 
 
 So-' 
 
 ^/tC: a hedge, wall; castle. — Ar. wxai* a castle; 
 cognate words, Heb. l^'n a courtyard, \ L^s^ a fortress, 
 8w»i2-s. ^/ cattle-pen, in Cliald. N'^clin. 
 
 n: 
 
 A! ///, at or w^^/r, ^^, ^wV/^, etc. — See Chald. gl. 3. 
 
 -flUA : : I1iis verb is very irreg. The perf. "flUA : is 
 only used in the sense of contradict , oppose. In 
 the signif. of say , speak, we find as perf. s. 3 m. 
 
 ^ft: f. ^n.: 2 m. ^a: f ^aA.: 1 m. f ^a: pi. 
 3 m. jiaA: f. ^aA.: i m. •^aA: f. ^a^: 1 m. f. 
 
 ?a!! The a: however reappears in the apocopated 
 forms when they take a sutf. , as JEaA J. ! JiaA° .' \ 
 Imperf. £-11 A : subj. ^HA: iniper. flAI inf. -nyA:: 
 IV. AOA: VII. t'-nOA: IX. i-nUA: say to one an- 
 other, contradict one another, dispute. 
 HAU: imp!'. J^HAO: subj. .E-flAU: swallow, eat, devour. — 
 See Chuld. gl. ytJD.
 
 — 91 — 
 
 flfhCI the sea, a lake, a Idiyc rircr (comit. CJ, Ij) : |jI. 
 
 MlfhC^:: Ar. IAj 
 •OrlbC: a ronntnj , nnlion: y\. Wi\hlw\\ .uid (l^UrC^:: 
 
 iVV-y. and Q*^A: iiiipr. Ji[11>^A: shoot /orlh, sprout. — 
 Ai-. Jkij. Ilt'iicc fl4^A: u phn// , \\. ^jJb, Syr. lUi^. 
 
 •n^n: imi)r. ^-fi'^n: /^r/uut, fvic/a-d dif/iniii. viii. -i-fiAi-i: 
 
 or IX. ■^OAft ! use violence, strive, fiyht. — See Ch. 
 
 gl. U'NZ. 
 
 •n?\i\: a man. n person. 'fl'/MV'M a n'oniun. 
 
 pa: iiii[)r. JiQUr^: sul.J. Jja>i: imper. QA: enter. I\. 
 
 A-OA:: Ileh. N"i2, Ar. tb return. 
 ini"?! ^6' numerous. 
 
 ■flfffS: (form ni2^). r. •n'H'5^: (bizzdklil) w/W^ many. 
 n.'l': yW^/.9^ Mff' w^/f/'. — Ar. cub, iinpr. c^-vo, Aram. n2, 
 
 impf. H"";:, 2^, inipf. zo^, A^, impl'- AjTI^ITI- 
 
 a->: a /lou.w, temple: pi. ^'fl.r't- " Ar. ^4^, Ilel*. n^2, 
 Plioeii. n2, pi. cnD (iiiscr. Sidon.), Aram. np^2, Nn^a, 
 
 n.rj: between, among: for, on account of. — Ar. ^^^ 
 interval, from ^b be separate, ^L) between , among : 
 Hi'b. ]^2, Aram. '>2, ]''2, "^(il^. Usually comp. wilh 
 'i\<P'. 'A'J'flJi/! because, on account of. concerning: oi- 
 ni finjiJ! and HflJI^f^! between, among, on account 
 o/" (fomp. Ihe forms ill lleb. ^^2, Pl:>2, Aram. i:;2, n:'2, 
 
 m^: a sheep: pi. AQici:: f. (iio-i- : pi. Aa^idl-::
 
 — 9'2 — 
 
 nif/h: inipr. Jia/frh: subj. ^-narh: come (0 . reach to: 
 
 happen. 
 flOAI von\ 
 
 •fl^A^: a vow. 
 
 •f: 
 
 i'fh'l': andei\ adv. down, fli'fh't! helow, beneath: Ar. 
 
 o.:sxj' ^j^. — See Cliald. gl. mnn. 
 •I'CAfi: tfv^-ifi, Taiiessiis. 
 •t-^H: iiiipf. .E-fe^H: ^^^ .9^/^, grieved. 
 
 ^*ri"H .' yrief, sori'07v. 
 
 'iS^^'. iijipf. P'JA^: /^///, perish. — Ar. (3JL&. ^t? ;^'W7(; ^^m/ 
 
 (a dress). 
 'iAA,'. impf. P'JA^! /;rtr6'6' bg, over, or away., pciish. — 
 
 Heb. P)^n. 
 •Jfl.' ^<?^ into; at, near; according to. Witli suff. 'Jfl.P; etc. 
 •JJIZ.: and "f-flZ,: ^<? ?/;//^(?^. — See Chald. gl. -iDH. 
 
 f^ifbC' (form "11 a':) united; adv. ace. fifbZ,! together. 
 ^Pi'i; iin))r. Ji'ijifil ^^ })etter, preferable. 
 'iXl\ impf. P-f^-i: sTibJ. .P'J^-"^: /6Y/^;^, forsake. ^.^y,1i'. 
 
 QrhCi //!«/^ ^/^^ .sv?// may leave us, i. e. may subside, 
 
 go down. 
 •i"^K\ impf. P-J^^^: //^// /^ ///?4 not to have. VII. "t-J^A: 
 
 not to be found, be concealed, withdraw secretly, ab- 
 
 scond. — Ar. ^lai* Miid t U^ | /y^/.v.v o//«"'.s' ai7n in 
 
 shooting, whence ^Jais.. yo astray, sin, 'k^h\ a sinner;
 
 — 93 — 
 I Id). NuH (ruiiii). espec. .Inl) V. '24. Nicnn i<h) r\^: npC") 
 
 f///f/ llioK xluiK siirri-ij ihij Ihtcks and nol iiass tiiiij- 
 thuNj)^ Aram, xrn, \i^, A^^, (71^^. 
 
 i: 
 
 J-l (Miclific idlt'iiuo-, particle. Chap. I. <), II. '), l\'. '1. 4. 
 i: eiulil. pari. /^^>, /?Ay?, even. 
 
 *ifhZ,: iiiipr. J^'JfhC' .vw//'V'. — Ar li\j. Syr. j-Jj : Helj. 
 "IPJ the snurtiny of a horse. 
 
 iWA: impf. £i\"?i: siihj. .E'JUJ'h: iiiiper. 'i\SXK\ lifl up, 
 take, receive. IV. A^'.'JA: ////' ////, awake or rouse, 
 excite, raise (he dead; whence is formed as pass. 
 
 -i-iwa: r/sr. VII. -riiwA: /y^- /^//.yv/. ix. -t-nwA: 
 
 ;7>6' ///v aijainst , rebel. — Ai-. Lio /v\7'. tjrow up; 
 llel'. Nt2':, Aram. wX'^'J, A"^**^ (Pa''el, uprear, Gese- 
 iiius, L'ariii. Saiiiaril. XII. 15). 
 
 iflfh! impf. .Etfifh! repent of, ret/ret. 
 i{\l'. holt a door. 
 
 cp'iivj : or ^ini: ^/ w/. pi. <p'i\n^'.\ 
 
 i^y}'. tte cleft, gape. — Ar. «jij rend. tear. Ileh. ;'p:; 
 
 Aram, ypj, U^, <"/ <'//V^/' (i4*0! a fountain, »iu a pool 
 
 of s{afi,-iiaii( water). 
 
 I^IM' : // rA//, //.V.S7//7'. 
 ill/.! iiiij)f. JiJ'flC! sif, remain, dwell. 
 
 (PMXC. a seat, throne: pi. (P'^iXC. <P','{\C:V\\ Ar. 
 
 wajLo. pi. oLavo . a raised sea/, s|»ec. // palpil.
 
 — 94 — 
 
 jfin: iiiipi. jti-n-n: speak. 
 
 lajB: a propiu't ; pi. iap^:: i. ia^-t-: oi Jai-:: 
 
 IIoiicp +iflP ! prophes^y, ^5a^i ^/ prophcrtj. — Seo 
 Cliald. gl. ^•2:. 
 
 (T^J'^e: ^/ sw/w. pi. c^j»^: (loi — j»(i)-j»^:). — Ar. 
 
 j^y, pi. ^^yi-> '^^y>- From Gr. vavTrjg. 
 
 ii's: ii^: ni:^:, Mficvek 
 
 "Vh^'. im})f. £l?ifi.' ^c iv;/////, youny. 
 
 Ih-A: (form iia';'), f. ??ifi^: (iii - nst) and ihtv\ 
 (as if from a masc. 5/i.fil) .vw^///. youny. Iti the Him- 
 yaritic inscr. D«: (Rodig-er's Tiaiisl. of Wellsled's Tra- 
 vels, p. 384). 
 
 1<P\ \\\\\)L ^i(Sf<^\ subj. X.'t<^\ sleep. W. h1<P\ impf. 
 JiOTcp: make sleep. — Ar. *b, Heb. d:i, Syr. >al. 
 
 'fTJB: any ^itensil , pot or vessel, impleincnis, apparalus, 
 weallh; pi. ^TJ^:: 
 
 io: or i^: ^;ow^'.' f. vw pi. 111. 10-: f. 1^:: 
 
 JHU: inij)f. ^ilW: ;w;^;?, be kiny. — Ar. ^^ drive, 
 chase, hunt; Heb. tS'jJ. 
 
 IT-W: (form-is'p), ^/ A7>^^/ 1>I. JIVJ^: f. 'i-lW^: (niggust), 
 « fpieen ; pi. 1°?W±^:: From anoliier form 5DUJ.: the 
 Arabs have derived the name they give to the kings 
 of Aethifjpia, ^Ls\Jt . 
 i1l^\ impf. y.'i'^V. tell, relate. 
 
 '/\)i\ impf. y.'Ay,'\ set out on a journey , depart. — Syr. 
 /j dram, also yo, as .lohn XI. 7 (ed. Bernstein) oy..^ 
 ^oz ?o"9u^ '^fp come, let us yo ayain to Judaea (see
 
 — 05 — 
 
 Cliald. g-|. iiiKlcr -i;:): coiui). (jlcrm. /// cin andrrcs 
 Lfinti Ziehen, arnl Hal. (rarre. 
 i<:fi: hrenlh , the souL life: i<i\V\ I in if self. — See 
 Cliald. y-l. tJ'SJ. 
 J4.f1: (he numi: pi. '. /^Sv\\\ 
 
 a: 
 
 ^'' not. Wlieii jiief. (o any |»art (if a verb commencing 
 Willi (he letter h\ it converts it into P: as ^.J'AcPC: 
 he did nol know (fur KKK<^1^\), K^<^^^^\ shall 1 
 not have pity? (for /s,7i<?=/h^:). — Heb. in (e. g. iprix 
 Job. XXII. 30, m2D-\S; cunip. ^-tU-OF: hiunilit)/). 
 
 JiA:: See h:: 
 
 ?iA4t.' (en thousand, a mijriad: pi. AKA4^.' ATiA^.'^ ^ ^ 
 
 Ar. ^'f, Heb. p)\x, Aram. N-rbvX, ilx% A3ZA, all 
 
 sign, a thousand, in which sense 'h6i.^\ seems also 
 
 to be employed, 
 K<p: ^/: — See Chald. gl. CN. 
 'h<P'. 'h<^i\ from, an-aij from, out of , of, etc.; after an adj. 
 
 than. — See Cliald. gl. p. 
 K<Pf\ impf. J?/\><?=>(:: point out, show. \\ . KK<Pl^\ knon\ 
 
 he ahle (c(»mp. •Turk, dl^j hilmek , Fr. savoir) , impf. 
 
 l\c^''i'\:\\ See ur'A*:: 
 
 A<?^J : trust, believe, believe in (with fl!). assert as true. 
 VIII. 't'A^j; //v/.s/ /c> (i|- eonfde in. believe. — See 
 C'liald. gl. ]CX. 
 A<^1: ]CN', .'////^v/.
 
 — 96 — 
 
 '}\<^i:: See 'i\<^:: 
 
 'hfi^! ( '^iiia), /or, because. 
 
 >»fiYi: ('ska), lo , up fo, us far as, (ill: adv. and conj. 
 unlil, thul, in order that. Comp. Ar. ^a.s- 
 
 Al"!"! \\\\^L PA^"^: depart, perish (coiiip. Heb. "q^n go, 
 Ar. dlli die; ^£uo go, !fXjuJ^ ^j^La fie lias gour 
 his way, is dead\ j>L, Turk. AjS gituiek, our own 
 he is gone, elc). IV. KK'V'V'. inipf. J*A^'^: cause lo 
 depart, remove, take off. 
 
 Ki\ 1; with the endit. tv\ it becomes Alfl!! pklfhi!! See 
 Chald. gl n':n. 
 
 'KhtvfxV. See A(irft(D:: 
 
 Al*if: a gate, door; pi. Af*^" From a rad. i^8,'. con- 
 nected w'ilh i4>D ! be cleft, vjjij, 2^:3 pnerce, etc. (com{). 
 
 "A^flA." and H'A^AA: prep, and conj. without, besides, ex- 
 cept, unless, before that, llie latter member of this 
 
 s ^ 
 
 comp. word is obscure (Jb state, condition ?); the for- 
 mer is clearly ins* ?iot (comp. "Al-flP; or 'h'iiX'. 111. i( 
 is not in me, f wont , 'A^-TIP! 'fl^A: refuse] "Ki^^'. 
 Ii(. il is not my knowledge or oj)inion, perchance, 
 perhaps). 
 Al-r: thou, f. Ki-i:: pi. m. A^^c^: f A^-l-^:: See Chald. 
 
 gl. n:N. 
 T^^-t-: f. W^/^^ See H" Hence 'h'i±hV\ —H\\ etc. 7nine, 
 
 thine, etc. flTi ■?'!■! /?>r, on account of-. RJi^-lrAP: ry/** 
 
 my account, etc. (comp. ':5^2 and ^''"o)- 
 "A^^ni ///rA', therefore.
 
 — 'J7 — 
 'txYJ- llicn , therefore: iisiially pivcciliMl |»y the inlerrog. 
 
 oriclit. }•" 
 A»1»: not. 
 KWV. iiii|ir. VK\\:. he had, nuked. 
 
 'KWf.', nickcdncss; y\. 'h}i\r\:\\ 
 
 KWW. (Ibrm -ns^) meked, VK\\:\^\ (ikklt, forJi'n^l-: 
 
 as (jdAj, I 'I. of LSijol white, fur (jc.Ij), as a subsl. 
 
 evU, a inisfurlune. 
 
 Aia)P(D:: See uarpd):: 
 
 K\\\V. iiiipf. f^.•I^I: order, command. Vlll. -TAHH: ry%. 
 
 In (he lliiiiyaritic inscr. TTN (R("MliL>er's Transl. of Well- 
 
 slecFs Travels, p. 380). 
 KY\ who, whieh, what? h^-\r. where? whither? 'h<^K^']s'. 
 
 whence? — See Cliakl. i^I. \s, j.s. 
 \FA: lonni], Joppa. 
 'hP.-: the hand, willi siifT. hRlh: etc. [A. hXGr: and A'h 1^(1)-:: 
 
 See ChaM. -1. T. 
 
 o 
 
 'hie: the foot: pi. KlC and A>iJC:: Ar. jL^ (in llic 
 villi;-, dial, of Syi-ia n^J.). Hclt. ":-". Aram, n^^;-;, IL^^ , 
 
 MiunrfbC:: s.e iiia:: 
 
 ■JlAh.: (k'k'j III. f., ^A^>-t-: in., •JlA/'^-l:: r. two. — Ar. 
 'iy. f. \jJS. \lXf. hoth : ilch. C\S72 two thinf/s of 
 different sorts. Hencc^»6\A: 1. 'nt\'h-l-: other, another. 
 
 ll^A-: arc. 'll'-jV: the tota/iti/, the whole: all, whole. — See 
 Cliald. gl. hz.
 
 — 98 — 
 
 H\cP'. r/s. liLc: ((iiij. llial, in order ihal . in which sense if 
 is lollowcil hy Ihe siibj., as \\<P\ i'4>AA-: i\\<Pt<^". 
 in order thai iheij mi<jld liylden (heir ship. iiHl<P '. 
 accordiiuj to. as. — See r'hald. i^l r. 
 
 \\Oy^\ the belhj, Ihe hidd of a shij). ^ See Syr. gl. ^■^. 
 
 ^115 : aee. \\'i'\'\ lehai is vain or falile (^2n, p^"i., N]r); 
 ^•f-t: and flYl"J-l:: in vain {p'^, ^^^h, .xm'^J. 
 
 'f»i: inii)!'. l'Yl(I)-'i: siihj. ^fB: he, become. Like Ar. ^K, 
 ^i: has Ihe aeous. after i(; e. g. (Dl'M"£: 7\7^<J=: 
 
 ^i: cpf^:*: (not -*:) A.'Pi: ^.pjj: ^mkj: (not 
 
 — W ! ) 'K<^^cA\, \ \ and the king , //' lie become a 
 heretic, is no longer king from that time. — Ar. rX^ 
 Plioen. |r, impf. ji^ (iiiscr. Erye. 1. 3, Massii. 1. 3, 4, etc. 
 Sidon. L 8), Syr. ^. — The orig. sigiiif. of the rad. 
 |12 is be erect, stand; conip. Sanskrit stha, stare, with 
 Pers. v^I^ (is), Fr. Hre (old estre). Span, estar, 
 
 (!)! and; it must soiiietiiiies be (ransk l)y in order thai, 
 as chap k 11 cpi-l' : K'lW'. iZ.aYl : (DJ]f5.i?*ii : 
 OfhC- n'hat then shall we do an to thee that the sea 
 7?iag subside (lit. leave as)'^. in which case it is follow- 
 ed by the siibj., as : and ^ in Arabic. 
 
 (Dy\.i.': impk.H(I)A.i*-: siibj. £A.i.'-: beget, bring forth. — kx2,h. 
 OJy Heb. -1^^, Aram. -iV?:, ^, 'IZrH. 
 (I)A.i?': a son, and in gen. a bog, goulh; pi. <I)"A-.'*':: 
 Ar. jj^, Heb. i^i, n'ri, Aram. \^^ TZITI. — (\>K^\
 
 — 99 — 
 {\\m- il)\y.'\-:) a ihni>jhlri\ n <jtrl : y\. /-.TA.'M-: .md 
 
 (iWhli: iiiij.l. J!(I)rh1i: sill,). P/h*li: //w. 
 
 (D/.(l): im|.f. .RT/.: Il,r(»t\ — Ik-I.. r^\ 
 
 <l)/..i.': iiii|.r. .IMDC'.'-: sul»j. .r/v'*-: imi.cr. /J\\ <jo <h>ini, <}('- 
 sccnd. — Hel). -n^, Ar. S'Ji gen. in llie reslricled sense 
 u[ <ju Jo drink, tlljl t>v^ ur &LJ| ^M c>>y 
 
 (ITiYt: ///. ///^^ ^//, upon; wilh sufl'. (IVfi'lrT:: fKOrrl-: 
 'Uhin. Conneclefl willi (l)Ti'5^: ikLl (he ink-rior, 
 
 n 
 
 ; 
 
 ^L'^ in (he midst of. 
 <D-'5m: iMij)f. JKD-'i'J": siihj. P-^^i^: swallow. 
 
 i\Yv^'V■\ f. x*?\-i-: //6', .v//^', it; pi. HI. (i)->i-i-<7=»': r. (xn^-^v. 
 
 and ni. "^^^^'i-t: I". K^'JI^: (conip. Cliakl. |^»r,). — 
 
 See Cliakl. gl. Nin. 
 <DUA: inipr. .EOrOiA: jmss lite daij. 
 
 0A>: a day ; pi. dAi'^:: 
 
 <P\)^\\ and 'POA'^: ^/ ^%; pi. <:PT0A:: 
 (D-vVr: inipf. ai(l)-"y.: sul.j. V\nV. he huml. \\. Y.i\r\)V\ 
 
 iin|,r. y(\r^\\ (yaweT) suhj. .PdV^i-.: (yaw'f), hum, smrrh. 
 (|)0/S: inipl. .H(1)0'^: sni,;. J^9>»: iinper. ^'K\ <ji> onl. IV. 
 
 i^dTi'F^: iinpr. .PU)v";'^: suhj. .PdrO?*: /y/v/zy oul, cast 
 
 out, emit. Mil. KhX-^^lK'. hriiiy out /rcrc Inj piece, 
 
 in succession, luij out nionei/. — See Syr. gl. j.i^. 
 
 o: 
 
 ^^\<P'. a mj period of und':fined ient/th, eternity, t lie world : 
 
 y\. ^*y\i^-V\ ayes. — See CliaM. ul. C^V- 
 VI(P\)'. inipr. yM/.<pK)'. act unjustly. — lleb. crx. injure,
 
 — 100 — 
 
 oppress, ytysr^, ^1?:>n ^if/ uppressor (see Gesenius' The- 
 saurus; and as lo llie interchange of \)\ and n, 
 comp. /.fifi: zyi he hunyry , U^Jfl cX-o.^ I'eap), mo- 
 dern Syr. ^v^v [R(idiger's Chreslom. Syr. p. 139. 1. 5. 
 U!*] . .v^v^.v^ ).i^W ^i&i 13? Ajs, ajjparenlly: //M/-^V/^rt;/« 
 
 w^/y /;6'/' violenthj injlirt injury (Pers. /ji^j) ^{/^<>'^ ^^*c\. 
 
 0iP9! injustice, wickedness. — Heb. Dcn. 
 <^WC: obsol., ^W4,: ^WC: and g-en. UlUC't': ^^/^ — 
 
 See Chald. gl. iDj?. 
 UO: inipl'. pod: suhj. J?OZ,°i: «A-«?6w/. — Ar. _U^. 
 0Z,A; nof used. IV. K<3L,lu\ he quiet, stop, remain, rest. 
 <^<) lix'^'. place at which to stop, place of rest ; section, chapter. 
 nria: hire. IX. -t-^AQ: hire. 
 hap: mipf. POri.: rarely .E^.i'l: subj. £0a: iniper. O^I 
 
 repay, requite ; per/'o)in, fulfil a vow. 
 
 n^n: ini[)r. PO^**!!: watch, ohsei-ve, keep, yuai'd, pre- 
 serve. VIII. "PU*?*!!! 7vatch narrowly, espec. with an 
 evil design (whence (P'^^'iW snares, wiles). — Heb. 
 2p,5; lie in wait for, decei^ve or circumvent, niipy 
 craft, ?vile. 
 
 v•^n^'R: ^^2V, Ilehrew. 
 
 U-flP! be yrcat, larye. — Heb. nz:j? he thick, dense, fat {S>ixm. 
 '^^V), rr; thicken, condense, Syr. . .^x harden one's heart. 
 UaJ?: i: Un.P: yreat, larye; \\. \\\. Unj'i : and 
 
 Dftf'p: f. oap^:: 
 
 M"?!!/!! a larye fish, a word iis(m| to express the (ir. 
 v.Y\T,OQ. — Ar. ^kXs. (Ilie form \)M\^\ in Aetli. seems 
 doubtful).
 
 — 101 — 
 lUnn.' /'(tint, he fainf, /(unlhearfcd, ftfspoNfl. — Comiecled 
 Nvilli (j*^ hf d(trk\ ^Ji^>LC fainl liciliylil (Lfjiiip. ^,7V, ^'^V-, 
 
 UdrPd): iinpr. pup: mj <»iL lament. — Ai-. ^^ li<urL 
 ^;t jjol^ M^' jackal (Il('l». CNN' from a rail, "'x); Syr. 
 |iil, lo and Isjo. 
 
 ^J?: </^> round. — Ik'b. -i;)y surround. — Hence ncD*.^: 
 (7 rircic, an asscmhiij (coin|). iULLa.). 
 c^OT.!?-: <"/;r/^//. The passage cliai). III. 3. (D<^OT.T?: ^«■^: 
 'K<^Yxi^K\ i\Ki'^K\ seems iiiacciiralely expressed, 
 since (lie words 'h<^Kh'^R\ S.Kh^K\ imply measure- 
 ment ill a s(raig-|i( line from one side to tlie other. 
 
 UJil: the eye, a fountain; pi. K<3^V\-\\ See Syr. gl. ,_-^. 
 i'».'M a man, as opposed to Alfii:"! (anesl) « ivoman ; 
 
 pi. o-i'd)-:: 
 
 vn-t: iiiii)!'. POI^: surround. 
 
 VJ/<(T) : iiiij'f. PO/l*: <7/o.y6', a/////. — Ar. \.^z. hind up a 
 
 wound; ,c.»fl^', Heb. ryy, r/o.sY' the eyelids. 
 
 OjK"(ir: (form -12^) f. 0A.'>: r/^.svY/, s/tut. 
 
 nn(D: not used. IX. i-^U(D : impf J^-l-^ecir: cast lots. 
 Denom. from 
 
 v'lO! a free (also t/tc cross or yalhuvs), wood, a lot 
 [lor pur[)oses of di\iiiati<in the Arahs used to employ 
 small unfealhered arrows, or similar pieces of wood, 
 with certain marks upon iImmii: comp. Ezecli. XXI. '20, 
 and see Gesenius' Thesaurus, art. UZy\ — Ar. Lax. 
 // sfal]\ sj)i<n\ Hoi). \; a tree, wottd (comii. Phocii. """> 
 uood = lleb. -".j;^ inscr. Tugg. 1. (3. ^y^:' LZ'^r.r the
 
 — 102 — 
 
 differs of wood, i. e. cai'pcnters; according' to Aiigus- 
 iiiie, iar)\ Aram. >\s*, n*j;, AV^ *^V, alsovVD^p, Ui-J. 
 17UP: produce worms. Deuoiii. fiuiii 
 
 <i^\ a 7Vor))K ma (/got, raterpilfar : |)l. O^JP^!! 
 
 h: 
 
 H: f. iK^-t-: who, whivli, fhaf; pi. iii. f. 'K\\\ Like (he cog- 
 nate ~ in the Aram, dialects, it is used to circTimscribe 
 the genit., as ^"HcJ^C: HJ?*E1^: a psafm of David, 
 ^MZ,: H8J^*J»1: Oir^^^^: a descripfion of fJie 
 righteous and of sinners, ^Ki^K\ ^1±: MRA-fldbC: 
 fids is the gate of the Lord. It is also used as a 
 conj. tJiat. — See Chald. gl. n. 
 
 11 : accus. H: f. H: this, that; pi. in. "/iA-: f. "KW. Hence 
 \\<P^\ thus, 5\cp*H: after this. 
 
 •Hl-t: ace. Hl-t-: f. H-t: ace. H-t: this, that; pi. m. "hA??*: 
 ace. — -f : f. hAl-t: ace. — -l-" "H^: and H'il-t: 
 ace. — -t-: m. f. this, tliat ; pi. >iA^: and 'h^^'t\ 
 ace. — "t " Willi these different forms comp. Ar. 
 
 Ij, f. ^j {^, b), i>i- ^^^i; ^^'^^ f- ^^'^ ^^> pi- 
 
 liSSl.t; Himyar. inscr. "i (Rodiger's Transl. of Wellsled's 
 Travels, p. 384, 388, 398), pi (p. 398); Heb. m. n.T, 
 f. "ii, T\\ nsv, \\\. f. ^i, pi. \x, n'^'N; Phocn. i m. f. 
 (inscr. Sidon.), sijth f. (Plant. Poeniil. I. 1, 1), ji (inscr. 
 Sidon.); Aram, n, ^'T, "1, f- Jn": '^T, "1, pi. j^^.if, 
 ^rnZA, ""^X; in Hie Egypt, dinl. i?, f. n: ((jcsenius, 
 Monum. Phoen. |). 242). 
 HflZ,: imp!'. .L'irilC: snl)j. ^'H^C: reiiiemfjer, f,e ndndful of 
 \llj. i'll^lC." remember, reeotleef. — Sec Cliuld. \^\. IDI.
 
 — 103 — 
 
 p: 
 
 V^'i: ihr riglil side, ri;/hl hinid. Sec CliJild. -1. )ic\ 
 
 IMin: iiiipf. .IM»-nfi: <lrii nj,, mlhrr. — See Chald. \!^\.m;z\ 
 
 P-flfi: llw dnj land. 
 P'fA! hovaq, Jonah. 
 ZhV.W See (D-A-i::: 
 
 y'KW. non\ — Coinp. of ^!K\ = nv^ I his (as in y!K'\\'.). 
 and a siihsl. deiKjtiiig time, wliicli apiicars in (lie \\\ 
 jt, Ijl, when, d'JJJu^,:^ fhcn, c)(j»t then, lick ix, Aram. 
 in^: ' ^<7lTA, and Aedi. <H'K\V. nhcn? 
 
 x: 
 
 X<^: blood. — See CliaJd. -1. cl. 
 
 •KQ." (7/y<>iV', ///>^>//. w/ .- widi siiff. S.il>TM etc. 
 
 .l?-nc: a mountain: |.l. A^.'<1C:: Sam. O'^i^. TTel.. nc::; con- 
 nected with Cliald. "yc (see Cliald. gl.). 
 
 .•.'■'5/! //r safe, sound. TV. hy.'i'/'. save, jnesei'vc , inijir. 
 .P.»r-i'J: (yadekhen), sul.j. yy:^'/'i\ (yadklic'n). 
 
 y'l(P\ imj>r. J].»?-1<p: do again . re/n-af . reiterate (comii. 
 
 T T T -^ 
 
 '."^c?^! seeond: adv. ace. .'•°i<:J^: a seeond time, a<jain. 
 
 yn<^'\\\ and ^x': r. — ^t-p: -ct^-p: .v^yw/^z. 
 
 i: 
 
 •j-n^: inijir. jri-nc: suhj. x'°i(ic: '/'•/, do, work. — Ar. 
 
 set a hiokeii limb, stren(jthen : llel». -^r;, .\iam. 
 
 ■^~, ^ililf, r^-^1, ^<' stront/. As lu the luiin, cunni.
 
 — 104 — 
 
 Q 
 
 Ar. J14X. r/c/> <l(> , wlience J.^ practice, as opp. (o 
 
 As. theory. 
 
 1-fK: a slave or servant: pi. K°\-{\C^'\\ See Cliald. 
 
 gl. iz:. 
 
 •l"3nC' trade, occapation. 
 
 <?^"^nC' /-''^/^ of acting, conduct, acta, res gestae; pi- 
 
 *iiP ; inipr. J?*2£l he humble or submissive to, serve or 
 ^^<"y, praise and thank God in a humble spirit. IX. 
 I'DiP: humble one'sself, confess one's sins, give thanks 
 
 to God. — Ar. Us», III. bU^, VI. LjLsaJ, fall pro- 
 strate, Aram. N'jj , ji lie do7vn. 
 
 1\}L,\ and °iOZ,I cry out, esp. from pain, groan. — Ar. 
 Ai» cry out, Hel). i^;:, Syr. ^„ ^ chide. 
 
 I^C' outcry, groaning. 
 "ZHAI! a common verb in Amiiaric in the form IH! jms- 
 sess, rule; also found by Rodiger ((ransl. of Well- 
 s(ed's Travels, j). 398) in (be Himyarilic inscr. under 
 fbe form MJ. 
 
 MH."h: a ruler (ix master ; voc. Mah" pi. AjJiH^: 
 and somelimes h'^KivlW Hence 'A°?aA-f hfbC : God 
 (lit. the Lord of the Earlli). — As to its form, Mali." 
 seems related to (be intensive adj. of ibe form Jkxif in 
 Arab., of \^bi(•b Coniiation ~iiD;<, 2I2N% and ]n\s*, are 
 remnanfs in Heb. 
 
 I^Ixm ! impf. ^'iy.'-=^ \ throw away, reject, abandon, neglect. — 
 Ar. ocXi' (see (he Arab. (ex(, chap. II. I I ).
 
 — I0-) — 
 'iii", llic fare, couHtcnanrr, siufiirc, fronl. 
 
 I4:'^?v: orrrfiirn. f/rs/roi/. \'II. VK^h'. hr ovrrhiriird. 
 dcstroijcd. A|))tar. cuinp. of iXs.- fill over a vessel oml 
 pour out its contents, dash to the f/ round, ;iii<l Uci 
 break. Cognate words in actual use in Aedi. aic "24^1/! 
 attack, insult (Af. \1^ dash to the f/round , LI^ in- 
 sult), an(] A-r-l-: break (I Id). nD, Ar. JJ). 
 
 ill: 
 
 ^^ \ very, cicessivcly. 
 
 /Il4tA: he e.rtinyuished, j)erish. IV. K'^^K\ cvtinyuish, de- 
 stroy. — Ar. jc4^^ Cliald. NCip, •'D:o. 
 
 a: 
 
 AAA! im|»r. JiA.AA ! yive shade, overshadow. 
 
 /tAA°^: .y//rt'rt'<", shadow. — See Cliakl. <A. ^^£2. 
 
 ^Vri iin[)r. Jiii;\,! ///Y///, von\ — See Cliald. gl. N^:^. 
 
 AAo^: prayer: pi. /iA<'rf^■^:: 
 Ac^^'d): not used. III. HiJ^'iD: labour, bestow labour upon, be 
 
 distressed or a/'/licted. 
 itCfh ! ^/ temple ov palace: [>l. AA"Znih I ! Ar. r^y^^ 
 
 llel). nnij. * 
 
 KC^: rry <?w/. — Ar. 11.^. Heh. -""v. Cliald. m':iX; in 
 
 Syr. we liiid ):.^ic. ^/ //^//-.v// cry, as ol an eagle, 
 
 at > 
 
 peacock, etc. 
 
 /i'^'5: (7 cry. — ■ Ar. X'j-o. 
 
 ?(-'
 
 — lOG — 
 i«P: iiu|.r. Xl^(\y<^: fast. — Seo Chald. i;-}. DV;.*. 
 ^<^\ a fas/; \A. A/fT*?^:: 
 
 /l(DU: and /idra: impf. J^AOro: crt/ out, call, iiwoke. — 
 Ar. ^Lo, Heb. niiJ, y;ilJ', Aram, niii, V^-iTI. 
 
 B%}^'^\ be just, 1)c truthfut, tell the trulh. — Ai. ^-Jwo 
 tell the truth, ^Juo trutii , sincerity ; Heb. p~'^ be 
 Just , Syr. s^?] yV/.v/, proper, fUtiny, Heb. plH, Aram. 
 1j=?1 ^T"^ , ^^'/'^/-^ ''^" JKst fffiff f'iyf't, justice, lan\ 
 ^^'^ \ just, veracious. 
 
 U'hf: the sun. — Ar. ^^^ Iftc time when the sun is 
 hiyh and shines briyhlhj, the sun; ^^ and il^3 <^/^^' 
 
 sun. Com|). ;dso L^ac^, /?rh0: be clear, K-^ <7/6Y/y- 
 /<'<;'.s.s- of sky ; and see Syr. gl. »_.»^ . 
 
 ^3<?^: the left, the left hand. 
 
 a:- 
 
 small 
 
 AAi: a river; pi. h^\T. — 431^:: Ar. Jjli a 
 
 stream, Heb. :|rc>. From a rad. /i.A"i .' ==: Ar. ^JLi, 
 Heb. :i'^e, Aram, j;'^, O^^, ITZZ), separate, divide. 
 
 AAili: impf. JiAA'i^- separate, distintjuish. In (lie olher 
 dialects Uie rad. oJli, t^^5r, ^^ulls, means escape (see 
 Syi'. gl.), bill Uie idea ol" cleavimj or separating al- 
 laclies to die syll. ^5 in J^, b©, J^I^'D, ^sli, 'hB,
 
 — 107 — 
 
 ^Jj, is-U, rt^, cUi, -cii, (jJj, ^U, "';■£), ;iii(l 
 coi;ii;i((' \\oi-(ls. 
 
 /y/' //A/</. — A I", ^jwdi ^<^' clear, ^^>-oi *1j ^ ^'/^-y//' ^A/// ; 
 
 byr. w^^l: ^jhiddcn or more [>roi>. coimcited willi „X.^ 
 
 - ^ ^ L- 
 
 /y<;' /r/V/<:', spacious; com)i. Jalo spread out, \ II. 
 
 li^Llij (i'<:' ^A/</, I-^ widen, expand, VII. ^'j-i:^]^ ''>'^' 
 
 vheer/'aL 
 
 ACU! inipr. .1*AGJ' l^c a/raid, fear. 
 
 4:ClH' : /ear. 
 /i.*t».i? : iiiipr. .HA^*.*?"' examine or sarre// , count: wisJi. 
 
 desire. — iieh. "j^B e.vamine, sarve//, miss upon e.i- 
 
 (iminalion or survetj (I Sam. XX. 6, XXV. 15); \r. 
 
 JJii .srr/t' what lias ht'cii jusl , lonij for. Cssii lonyuuj, 
 
 reyrel. 
 A.'i(\>\ iiiipr. .IVioi-: .svv/^/. — Ilch. ri:C, Aram, x:©, ^JD, 
 
 jjLs ^ v*i£ , ^^3 '''''>'■'''' (verlil so), z:i:d //'<" /</r^'; com|). 
 
 ^^^« .svv/it/, Xi^jJ ////'V/ (n/rards, &:-,.: Mr /^/('V. 
 
 ^C^; // roinl. JDurneij, n'uij of life, condael ; \A. 4^4' (I)'! 
 
 -=f^i*T"l'!! Cullll). ""1~, n~!1»\*, Ju.^, 5vA*v, ^yJCJoo. 
 
 ijdjJr, etc. 
 AJiV. iinpr. .IMX • restore <ii' w^'/Zv yood , re(jui(e u'dod or 
 cmL 7^/-^''//, /urforni. — Ar. ^cXi, 1K'I». ri~'2, ransom. 
 
 /t.y.'/i,X'. he more tihundanl. exceed, excel. 
 
 A.''"A''-"- llie (jrealer pari : a<lv. arc. — .'.*: very, murh, 
 willi "/"ic?^^ ! Mv;>v than.
 
 — 108 — 
 
 A'llZ,.' iiiij)!'. J?Z.'i^C" create. — Ar, ^ki. See Gesenius' 
 
 Thesaurus, ail. Tl:-?. 
 
 4J^4,^: creation. — Ar. sJ:ii. 
 /x,K<^\ iiiipf. J?Zo/r<?^: r//^/, finish. I'ulfiL \'lll. •fZ.A^P : 
 
 pass. — Ar. j^^ai cat, break, W. (vojf cease: 
 
 licit, ciio.
 
 ARABIC VERSION. 
 
 
 p ' sJ Jyij '0^5^ (J-? c^^;^ ^5-^ Vr-'' iU-^ o^l^^ 1 
 
 ^■'l ^r^' ^^^^ ^55 '^'i ^'l -^5 vr' i*'*^' v>^ 
 
 Jj&.kXxJ \<i.AiuAJI ^ *-^r^5 *r^' ^^WM ^^icli j^*a*«vJ 
 Jo ^t^►; ^•.ifc^LiJI ') iVj-sj ' y^^^^- '^y^^ *^VV5*^'' '^ 
 
 ") Ms. ^^v '^) M.. l^.^. •■} Vnk. r..r olL. "') Mv J.i. . 
 •-) The .Ms. adds ^L .
 
 — 110 — 
 
 7 ^^'f Ijje jUjcl' p>^ OL^' XA^l^' I.^ Jir-'' iJ^5 
 ^^^Xc. iLcyLM cysLks f^^JCi'Li LiLLc e-L=». 1%^ Juj !\\ji 
 
 v-*-^ <^' ij^5 '^^_;' L^_;f (^'5 *^^^' ij^-^ *J^5 '"^^^'^ '"^ 
 
 ^j^ 'si? 1^^ ^ii«r joSi^T jSi ^ki^ !i Lc Lf lyii-^ 
 
 1 1 ^ ^IL^ I J Ui il iPli fi^T Cti ' vv^ M ^\d^ 
 
 13 j^Ll.«T ^M i^j: Q^ J^iij? dis^y f^j4^' .(iilii 
 
 14 Li;ii jj^- St 4;jT \^\ tpu- ;,;iT i^^^^- .^u^ 
 
 U) ^ ^LliT ^^1 01^; '^ipf ")^^; ;45T;i£li 
 
 ') Viilic. for ^ot . ^') Ms. Syij&S and Uvi . '') Vulg. lor ^\d>S>l 
 ') IVls. I^'js^ a 1 1.1 Li V.
 
 — Ill — 
 
 cr^ ii U ^ u'^^ (J y^ /«-^*-' ^-♦-^^ ^^ V-' '-^^ ' 
 l*tiXi' (C*!^'' U^^ c^^ ' vJ^y ■')o/-L:i (•Gl aiJiJj} o>^' '2 
 
 oJj:>j>5 *^yi ciyj ^**^ oA-MLii o^A^ 'vsirb ^; "^ ^ 
 
 ^^r^ 'jj>^y?, jcUi ^pT sipT 
 
 j)^is. iuij-.. '^) Ms. L^>UI. ') ^'^•;'-oc'l. "')Ms. ^L^N 
 
 Nl.
 
 — Hi 
 
 - ^ ' , .''* 
 
 3 ^yu^'*^ ^Jl K-^-p (Joix ^tf^-AJ (J,|. (3-UajLs (jU)^ *U^ 
 
 4 i^^^:? ^) (^^^5 * l*^' XJU-J SvJyW! X4.Aii:i^ *^^ *')ooK 
 
 ,!tjo —kAl+Ji \yMjJm fy^^ ^y^T^S ^-^^ (^r*^ (3^' 
 
 ,_Xc. (j^aJ^j L^Vww^ (J'J^'i ii^U» PjJj ^^)^ lO^ (•L^i 
 
 ") Vvilcr. for t>LS:. ") The Ms. adds StX^JO . '') Vuly. for | J^^ . 
 '') Ms. LiLwjI. '^) i^o Ms., according- to the Ecryplian dialect, for ^jc.
 
 1 13 
 
 S^^ifS j |vii>kXo *J-i (i-^-i-c 8"v:7»*5 iui,-fl^ Oji <^.^t 
 
 
 1115 ^^xJ^iSl^ ^b ^M 4}'''' ^f ^y' r'3i- jli^' '2 
 
 > o^^ " - - c -;. > u ^ -- > o 
 
 o^^ tXi' ^j**^_^y J\^ "^)f^ o-fl-y« "^'^'5 ^^^4 4 
 
 ^!jt^ < ") Hii/3 JUic L' cX^^l^ y-^.^Ss ir-)^ ^^y^- '^ 
 (j*^r^ u^'; c5^ (^;'; ^^^' ^7^'' ^' Z'' "^r' ^'' *^^ 
 
 ^QIj rT^^ xjc)^ ^ 'V/^5 ^'; ^5^ - -^-^ y'-*^^ 
 
 Jli'i cy*^.'l *-':i''^' J*-^^ [V^U (2)'-^^ U^') ii* ij**-*^^ 
 
 **) Ms. |?Jwyo . ') For ^ t , ") Several words are wanlinji- 
 
 here , which may be llius supplied from iho London Poly^lol :
 
 — I 14 
 
 .-? -- 9 o 
 
 \yj^ o..^' ^^>^ 15^, ^5^ t'y^ U' ;'^'-^ ^; "^ ^l 
 wJii^l L^-^i ^^'1 x-^aJojiJ! S-otX*i! (^y-^ (^-^ ^' ^^A^l 
 
 41 ^T 
 
 ''■) Ms. &AJ J)- . ^) Ms. /La . ^ ) Ms. ^U>f ■
 
 OLOSSAKY. 
 
 I iiilerroo;. particle; always joined in writing to the following 
 
 word, as Ijf, — See Cliald. gl. n. 
 
 ^\ a faOur ; gen. ^^f, ace. Gt; in the construct state, nom. 
 ^!, gen. ^1, ace. Lf; dii. ^jt^l tffo falhcrs , also 
 father and mothe)- : pi, ?Lj| fadirrs, nnrcsfors. — See 
 Syr. gl. ^1. 
 
 ^L See ^. 
 
 _ii, inipr. ^b. r7>w<". — See Cliald. gl. xnx. 
 
 ^1 // reward, hire: pi. ^•^t. See Cliuld. gl. i^n*. 
 
 Jl=i.I r^///.vr (l(» he carernlly distinguished Ironi J^| fate, 
 death)] t^!^ or (J^l jj»« un ae count of, because of 
 
 '. ^ * , '. » ^^ ". » . -. ^ - 
 
 JlLI, inipf. cX^b, iniper. J^, take, seize. VIII. jc^t 
 
 (for JlsxXjI^ or jckv^j]^, as j-rsul^ receive hire, <'^\ put 
 
 on the robe called X^ iziir), take (for one's self), 
 
 choose, make. — See Syr. gl. ^ . 
 
 y~fc| other, another, pi. Jj5>i>-i ^'"d vi>-l; I. ^wbkl. jil. ^^t 
 
 V , ^^ u 
 
 and v:i>L3lis.l. — See Chald. gl. inN.
 
 — 116 — 
 
 ^joJ f. ^/ic earth, lite tjround, a counlnj : \A. ^yo^^ u^M' 
 — See Cluild, gl. j;-!N. 
 
 J^^l « /vy^/, origin; pi. J^f. Piob. coiinecled with JJo: 
 
 Jf def. ail //^<:'/ proii. by many of the Badawln hal (Z. d. 
 D. M. (i. vol. VI. p. -M7); Nvheii ibllowed by the 
 lellers ^^^ o3>\j^ji;jOijoJbJi:J^ the 
 final J is assimilated, e. g. J^il the dale, u^^-ccJI Mt' 
 67//^ [wLiiiit injustice. — Heb. Phoen. *n for "rn. 
 
 ^cXJI, f (C^M, who, which, that; du. nom. m. ^IjJUl, f. 
 ^llJL'l; pi. jj^i3JI, f ^:u^M or ^'^f. Rarer forms 
 
 ^ ^ ^Q%- ^ s^ vi- ci^ 31^ i'f- 
 
 are: pi. m. ^5^(| or^>f|, f ^5e'r^'' c5^^'' ^^' ^^^5 
 very rare: sing. m. jJJf, f c^JUl, pi. nom, m. ^^tXiU 
 — i^jJI is comp. of the art. Jf, a demonslr. letter J 
 (see viUlJ), and the pron. |j, f ^^c>^, and is therefore 
 orig. nothing more than an empliatic demonstr., the 
 Heb. nihri, t'^m, Phoen. T^N* (inscr. Eryc. 1. 7). The art. 
 Jl, and a cognate form of the demonstr. pron. .j 
 (which see), are both used, though very rarely, as rela- 
 tives. Comp. H: !)], 11, ,. 
 
 sSit or xjt a <jod , an idol; pi. iLgJf; with the art. s^NllSff, 
 &j^)!, usually xJUl, 6V>^. — See Chald. gl. n'^N. 
 
 Jl to, towards, in addition to, until ; with suff. "Jl, dCJl, 
 :4it, etc. — Heb. -'^N, poet. i^N. See Chald. gl. m''- 
 
 II , imj)f. -•«_} , pi'op. //recede, hence .sf^ «/< example, teach.
 
 — I 17 — 
 
 *Uol /// /'rout , hc/orc ; jiioj). (he ace. ol a mnni Ajo\ 
 Ihc front. 
 lx\, iiiipr. ye^S, iniper. yx, order, comma/id. — |j>ee Cliald. 
 
 Jw«|, iiiipr. ,j^L> , l/e void of fear, secure, confide in. IV. 
 jJol make safe, protect, willi v^, helieve in, whence^ 
 jjUj^ Oelief faith. — See CliaM. gl. jCN. 
 
 ijjyof, jjjyol, I^N, Amen. 
 
 ^\ coiij. ///tf/. After verbs of wishing, fearing, f)rdering, 
 
 elc, and in gen. when a relation of design or cau- 
 
 sation is expressed, i( refpiires the suhj., as: ^jl oli>l 
 
 \jSl \dS JulL / fear that he will do so and so, 
 
 «jo-J1 /jt uijj^l / wished to do him honour : bui \f merely 
 
 introducing the statement of a fact, it is followed by 
 
 t , ^ 
 the pert", or impf. indie, as ^^Jc^ jj' o'.x.^^^-c. / wonder 
 
 , f- , ^ ^f.' ' ' 
 
 that he wrote, j»Laj ^jI |JLcI / know that he is asleep. 
 
 Jjl (.oiij. M^//, followed by a noun or pn»n. in the ace, 
 
 e. g. ^!tX>^.Jj «J ^jl^ 5ltXij p-^^ (j^ ^-^^4*^ ;j' <5^ 
 // /.v related that a certain shaikh in Biujd'ad had two 
 disci jd es . dUUo -Jfl-^ J^l^ ?gI ^Cs* /^ '■^' related that 
 there was in E<jiji>t a kintj. With the siitT. 1 pers. 
 sing, the form ^\ is equally common with ^\. 
 ^1 conj. //." In correlative clauses, as the general rule, it 
 re(|uiies the verb of each clause to be in the perf. or 
 the jussive, as: oJCLsc JL'j oJjti ^jl^ or JouL> ^1 
 JUL^' dUJ //' ijoa do this, ijoa (will) jterish — See 
 
 Chald. gl. DN.
 
 — 118 — 
 
 ",| a parlicle haviiii'- (lie sense ol' tifiquc or profcrlo , niid 
 followed by a iioiiii or proii. in (he ace, e. g. «JJi ^J 
 \jtX^ ^ li J^ jLfc profecto Dcus omnipotcns est. 
 In many cases it does not admit of any transl. into 
 English, e.g. ^\3 \^\ ^' (hen she saUJ. With the 
 sLifl". 1 pers. sing. Jt^ is used as well as ^|. 
 
 GT /, 111. ly^ ^ve. In poetry Ihe second syll. is often 
 short (uu); the form ;\^\ is also said to occur (comp. 
 Ae(h. Aln:). — See Cliald. gl. n:n. 
 
 ^?, f. cJT, thou; dii. L^f, pi. m. ^|; f. ^t^^j. —See 
 
 Chald gl. n:x. 
 
 ^ll/-ji '^^ ^^'^''''^j person, indwkhial; pi. ^li! or j^b. The 
 
 fem. xi'LLj'j^ is said to exist. — See Chald. gl. li'JN. 
 Jsioi M<? family or Idndrvd of a man, //'t' /^tf()/?/^ or inhahi- 
 
 tants of a place; pi. ^jP^'' 4^'- ~ ^^^^ ^^^^^^"^ ^"''S"- 
 means a man's tent, Heb. ^nlN* (comp. ^ju, n*;? , and 
 house). 
 
 'S^ first, pi. ^y/, cfel^f, J^f; f. ^^y, pi. J^r. 
 
 JLSSl^l. See i)ij>. 
 
 ^T //w^', r/ moment; adv. ace. ^^11 /^^v/*^'. 
 
 ,if f. ^'1, ^^'//r>, ?M/r//, ;r//^//.^ whocvei\ ?ehafeeer. — See 
 
 Chald. gh ^N. — Lg3! U, or simply L^jI , interj. 0.' 
 
 followed by a del', noun in Ihe iioni., as y?.\^\ ^^\ 
 
 vizir! 
 L4j| nynin, also; prop, die ace. of a noun j^J returning/, 
 
 repetition, from ^f, impf. uk^g, r^///;-// (comp. Syr. 
 
 ,^z1 from wsli).
 
 — 119 — 
 
 ^1 when? ^1 ^ irhcnrc> -Zs \\ irhilhcr? — Sec 
 Cliald. 1^1, ;j<. 
 
 v«> /// , af or near, hij, irilh , on (icc(unil of. clc. — Sec 
 
 Cliald. gl. z. 
 wixi //•<" sea, a hirtjc river; jd. ,L^, ^^^ss^^j, j-s>of. — 
 
 See Aellj. gl. QrhC: 
 tjo, iiiipr. tcXxj, ^<'v/w. The form ^Jo, cliap. III. 4. is 
 
 vulgar. 
 IT /Z/^' <//'y A//^^/, ^/ jihiin or deserf. — See Syi'. i^l. ^ij , 
 
 JJaj , inipf. Jdi-o, <^<? /// vain, useless, fruitless, idle. — 
 Aetli. ndlA! he in vain, Ileb. h\2'2 cease from lahoiir, 
 
 s _ ' 
 
 JdoG l»ait. adj. r(7//<', Hsc/ess : false, wrimtj , o|)|». 
 
 to (^J„s^ 
 
 Jaj the hellij, noaih, (lie innermost jxirl : \A. (JvI^j, vt^;t - 
 
 — ileb. ]LDZ, Chald. N:p2. 
 jJu, iinpf. JotAj , and Jou im|ir. Jauo, /-*<" disfa/iL fir off. 
 
 \ I. tXxUj recede front one another, he renmred o|- 
 
 distant. — Aefli. flU.?! ehamje. alter. 
 
 tXxxj, 1" SwXxxj. distant 
 JJLT ''/ /'^w//' or eiti/, procinee, eoanlrij : |»l. j^L> , ^fjJL>. 
 %Xj) . impi". «JLo', swalhur. \W\. il£;l /V. Sec Cliald. 
 
 ^Lj, impl'. ^jljjn/ild: }sJjt\ ^J^s. ^ or ^ji^L -aj marrij 
 and hrnci children ((omp. '»:''? D'' iT2 T\j2 "f ni:'>; l>eu(.
 
 — 1'}0 — 
 
 XXV. 9, 2 Sam. VII. 11, 2 7; Turkish ^i^'\ evkMi- 
 mck. man-}/, from j ev, a hoiisc^. — llch. HjI!, Aram. 
 
 ^^j a son : \A. gQj', ^J^- In slating names of per- 
 sons, if fakes flie form AJ, hnf only wlien immediately 
 preceded and followed hy a })ropei' name; e. g. one 
 jJjulJo '^ aJL't tXlc iiiay also he spoken of isLiJ' 
 ^^xLjh ^T. — Heh. Phoen. |3 (-|2, -|2); in Aram, 
 only the i)l. ]i:2 , ^vi^- , ^fil^^ occurs. — The fern, 
 is Rlil or liJj ^/ dauylilcr , pi. cijLlj, Heh. Phoen. 
 n? (for n;r), wifh snff. inr, Aeth. -n?^: in the })hrase 
 ■flli:': 0^1: the pupil of the eye: Aram. pi. |J2, ,Ji:, 
 ^^^. — See Chald. -1. 13. 
 
 ^ ^ > not used. IV. l.^t .v/////. X. I^^a*/!^ ^<^' ^Z/^'///^. 
 
 xX;^ <?>'<' (ifumal (we speak of „tlje diimh animals"); pi. 
 ,3L^- — Heh. ncri2, Sam. '^■^^5; Aeth. nv<^: dumb. 
 
 jLj, impf. J4-0, j/i^^ away , parish. IV. j>Gl destroy. Com[>. 
 "Tj^M, dUl^, and ^^x). — See Chald. gL "i2N. 
 
 f, -* 
 
 iJoy>-. See ol^ 
 v^>^' wider ^ bcueatli ; ace. of a suhsl. v::^:^' ///<" lower part. 
 — See Chakl. gl. mnn. 
 
 I^IS translate from one lang. into another, interpret, ex- 
 plain, entitle. — Aeth. l-C'V^^: Aram, cnn, >^'^- 
 
 Hence Ar. ^^Ulp, A^'di. 'l-O^'^: Chald. |?^nin (n^),
 
 — 121 — 
 
 Syr. U:^ si . an intcrprctrr (llal. Iiircimunnit, Porlui^. 
 luryimuo , Inujiinao, Fr. (IriKjiiuiii , Eiii;i. tlrntjiniuni). 
 
 X t ->^ ■ V (7 (ranslahon , /ii.sfori/ , c ha pier or section: \A. 
 
 i^-Q. — Cli;il<l. Dinr. 
 
 yjguuA,o, i-)a()Oiq, tj'">li'")r, Tarlessus. TJie geograjjliical J.exi- 
 
 con ciililNvl c^^ll^f tX^Iwi lias jji^yij>. 
 djj", mipr. vjjju, /<:r/i'<? or ahandoii , let. — See Cliald. 
 
 |VJ*, impf. Iaj, (^<" friiole, entire, complete ov /ini.s/ied : /i/iis/i, 
 
 — Hel). on. 
 v^lj, impf. v_>ycj, repent. — See Chald. gl. 2in. 
 
 IXs fi rron'n or tiara: pi. ,ML<:uji. — See Syr. s;!. L,z. 
 
 iu^" or xJiJU, f. cy^' ^»r c^JJ, ///r^^. — See CliaM. 
 
 gl. n^n. 
 
 IjLi, f. k^^Li-, //«></. — See Ae(h. gl. WAjI:: 
 ^Lot, r. ^^^J, c)^-^' ^'^'^^- Hence wci.x UjI, f. UIjI 
 lilciy^ , twelve; vulg. yi^LbL See j,;i^ and Cliald. 
 gl. pp. 
 jjIj, f. x-ob, second. — • See Aeth. gl. AJ-JR!r 
 
 Go' * G ^ 
 
 .yi an ox: pi. ^l>-o- — See Cliald. gl. iin. 
 
 ^L^, impf. ^L^o, enj oat, bellotr : pray or siippHcale with 
 cries and loars. — S<t A«'tli. \x\. IML,'.'.
 
 — 12'i — 
 
 Ju^ a III (Hill (a in : pi. JU^, JL^I, cMr*-'- 
 Isxjs., impf. |«-^., and *-s^^, inipf. *-:^., hum. 
 
 6 - 
 
 ivx^v:i. a fiercely hurning fire ; hell fire, hell. 
 cXs^ impf. tXs3o , lX^vo , ^'.iw/ ones self, he ddiyeiU, serious. 
 
 tXjs. diligence, zeal, earnestness (op[). to Jyc); adv. 
 
 ace. ItXa- exceedingly, very. 
 (jLJU., impf. j*JL^, ^//. — Heb. Mill. 
 
 "k^^. impf. ^c^LsvJ, //////«", collect, ussemhle. 
 
 «A4ja. the ivhole, all. 
 
 ^l"^ iHipf. tX^^sxj, ^.i'6?r/ <?//<f'A' AY'^,' lahour, strive. 
 
 CLs., impf. v^'«.i£\J, cleave, rend; traverse (Heb. d:). l^^ 
 
 vJL^I answer. Aram. 2"'qN, -a^\ ^mifA, 
 ^La., impf. i^^v^, 6'{>;;/^. 
 
 c 
 
 j^Juai., imi)f. (j^.s\j, //^V</ hack, restrain, confine, i?nprison. 
 VIII. yl-yL:s.l id. — See Syr. gl. ^.^.-u*. 
 
 Ai>. *.s- /tfr as, till, to; adv. ^'a^<^v^, also; coiij. ////, M<7/, 
 .sy> that, in order that ; when a purpose or design on 
 the part of (he ag-ent is implied, it is followed by the 
 siibj. — Connected with J^ limit, houndaj-y. 
 
 ItX^, impf. .lX^xj, match one article with another. 111. ;^«3L^ 
 be ovei'-against or opposite to. 
 
 sltXik M^' /^^'///y opposite to ; adv. ace. t(LX.&. opposite; 
 from hefore.
 
 — 1*23 — 
 
 r.y=»., iiiipr. ^y.^vj he sad, sorjo/r/'itl. \\. ^y=»-' ni(ikcs(t<l. 
 distress. — See Aelli. ^. ih*Hi:: 
 ^yjs. and ^y^ so7tow, yrief. — Aclli. fhll"?!: 
 
 ■ "^.m,^ ; iiiij'f- ^^^w^-s^, count, rcrlani. Tm he rarel'iillv <lis- 
 liiigtiislied (ruin Z^^j.,*^ ■, inipl". ^.*.*«w^\j or ^^^l^^is^ 
 think. — Aelli. /hftfl I lid). 2l^n, Aram, zt^n, 
 
 Joi-k, im[)r. JiA^s^j, watch ur ohscrvc, keep, (juard, pre- 
 serve, retain in the memory. — Syr. w^^lLI ///r//«^, ^j- 
 /•^//Y, eneouraye. 
 
 y^_^ , impf. (^.^vj and (3-^^ ' ^'^' ff('('cssary, proper, riyhf. 
 Just. — Hel). \>r\ (see Geseniiis' Tliesaiinis) . Aetli. 
 ihll .' aj>point, ordain. 
 
 3^ what is riyht and proper, truth, justice, equity : 
 \J).si^i truly, verity. — Heb. p'n a law, Aetli. flilll 
 law, reliyion. 
 
 ^j^, iiiipr. ^4-s:v.j, /^<" warm, hot. Co^'nale I^ . iiiipf. Lso 
 warm, in]|»C. Ikvo Ar warm. — See Syr. gl. >i^ . Aelli. 
 -1. (hiP:: 
 
 ej^ <7 fish: j)l. ^Uaj:^, w'I^I. 
 
 JcL^.., inipr. is^>5;vj, yuard, preserve. W . JcLa.1 surround: 
 conslnied widi v^ . 
 
 e^l^ >t'here, when. 
 
 "Is*., imj)f. ^^^^o. and '^-xS*., inipl'. ,-x.s^j. ///v. — See 
 Cliald. gl. NTi. 
 iiJc^ ;iiid "ilx^ li/'e. - Aclh. fhJi(D'l'::
 
 124 
 
 Ia^, ini[)r. iLaJ, knojv; 'J^, inil>f. U^ ^^ versed or 
 expcJienced ui ; y^-, impi- j-^^S?? experience. IV. vajs^i 
 inform of, report, relate. 
 
 wliat is outside; adv. ace. ^;Ll^ outside. 
 
 will>, impf. JLv-^j, /<^w, ^w/' ^/f^ a part, diminisli; /je 
 eclipsed (llie moon) ; sink and disappear. VII. .^.w.- O J^ 
 be eclipsed, submerged. 
 
 , impr. Ji^!o, he li/jJit, slitjiil, few, uimhle. II. >_ao~-. 
 liylden, alleviate; takes tlie ace. of (he burden and ^t^ 
 with tlie person relieved, ajLc. ^^J^\ ^-a-flia- • 
 
 \jcXis^, impf. (j^^x>, ^^ preserved or delivered, come safe- 
 /y /^, fl'^/^'/yz /^y ^(? pure, good, excellent. II. j.a-L=». 
 deliver ; make pure. — ■ Heb. "[>']n jiull out or off (Ar. 
 IjLL /^//^^^ Oy^ clothes, Syr. ^iL. strip or plunder), 
 II. deliver. 
 
 ^JJLis., irnpf. ^^^JL^vo, smooth or polish , frame or fashion, 
 create ; (^JU*. , i^JLs*- ? ^<^ smooth. — Heb. ppn. 
 
 ;^2i. good: followed by Jwjo, ^^//<^'r M/?// ; pi. >tl^ , ;14^'- 
 — Aeth. -iC"
 
 — 125 — 
 
 J^t>, im|»r. J^b-Jo, eftd'r. 
 
 \£.0^ inipf. «-cJo, rail, invite; call on ^)V prai/ (o ; Olcss 
 (^^U.'), curse (^li J.I). 
 
 j.c> blood; pi. j?Lo^. — See Cliald. yi. Dl. 
 
 -- — . > " ^ 
 
 Lit>, iiiipr. y>tXj, ^^ near, approach. — Syr. -ij^z) ap- 
 proach, undertake, agree with, obey. 
 
 w^cj tune, parlic. ^/ long period, an age; pi. j*icj; jcjJ! 
 or «jcjj| l| /^;- ever, zr>yj'). The origin of llie word 
 is to be sought in the circling (.-ourse of (he seasons; 
 conip. I'iT, ]ij^ and VXi, from in and "jLi^'lj ;r- 
 volve ; also Syr. I'"^? « //////. 
 
 0-5 11^'' 
 
 Si>5i> rt' worm; coll. j>.o. 
 
 rjlj, inipf. i^jcXj, ^<? /// ^/<"^^, sub?nit to oi- O/^^:^, worship; 
 repay or requite. Judge or condemn. — See Chald. 
 
 gl. fn. 
 
 aUucXjo rtr city ; pi. ^Joo, ^j-jIJoo. 
 
 Ij, f. (^6 ( J>, b"); dn. nom. m. ^1*3. f. ^b'; pi. tN'^l 
 and ^.1 (first syll. short); this, jj is often annexed to 
 the inlerrog. ^t^, U, as: siiJli 13 ^x' //•/'^> (was if 
 (hat) beat thee? viiJLs 13 Lo //■/"'// //-'/.v/ ///^v/ .sv//*'/.^ 
 shorter forms of expression fir Jbw^a ^J^'' '3 .w>c.
 
 — 120 ~ 
 
 profession? — See Aelli. gl. "H" 
 
 vllfj, f. JL5, JLo; du, noni. m. dLitt), f. ^jIj"; pi- viJLJ^i5l, 
 J^l^f: //#/>, that 
 
 viJLIlJ, dL'j>, f. dUj; du. noni. ni. siJljfj*, f. JLjU; pi. dL!!^l,l 
 (scarcely used) ; M/,s', Mr//. • — J 13 is comp. of 13 and 
 tlie pron. suff. J; ,iJLJ3 of the same words with tiie 
 addil. of the demonstr. letter J (see ,^jJI)- ^" '*^^ 
 writings the pron. sulf. is regularly declined according 
 to the number and sex of the [)ersons adressed, e. g. 
 
 vL£OT UX33, (Uj;" iiS ^'3, x^ ^5^^ ^4-^'" ^^^ 
 ////.y /^ /'^ because of ivhom you (women) leproach- 
 ed me. 
 
 ^^ ' . >' " -- 
 
 ^,3, im]jf. >=?jo, /«■///, sac7'ifce, — See Chald. gl. n21. 
 
 aLs\uo3 '^z' animal killed in sarrifre , a victim; pi. 
 
 ^.jLj3 . 
 
 1^3, ini})f. v^3o, remember, ?nention , relate. — See Chald. 
 
 dLJ3. See JUI3. 
 
 ,_^i»3, impf. ^^Joj ^^> ffo awatj, depart. 
 
 .3, f- ci>l3, //'r- o?vner or possessor of a thing, one 
 who is endowed with a quality. Being almost only 
 found in the construct state, its decl. is as follows: 
 sing. m. nom. .3, gen. ^^3, ace. 13; f. nom. i:i)l3 ; 
 du. ni. nom. 1:3, f. lji;3: pi. m. nom. ^.3 and ^^\
 
 — t'27 — 
 
 ((irs( syll. slmil). 1". cjlij. — !• i*^ icjiIIn tiie same 
 \v(»r(l as Aram. ">"!, l, ?. Ui'f). PiT, ii, I", nx?. 
 
 (jlj, impl. ^-^Jo. ^'''^•^■^'"• 
 
 ; 
 
 ^y "-"r ) ' '"'P'- *-*'yJj ^-'5)' "lip'- ^-Jjr:?' ''''^' t-nwpasstonoie 
 or mcrrifid. Connected with ._^^'^ //r soft, licit, f]"^. 
 See Syr. gl. ^.a^i. 
 
 O55), o*^^, cinnpassionatc, mcrci/id. 
 ir, iinpf. ^w3 (lor ^Ijj), *^^, t/ii/tk. — See Ac(li. 
 
 
 
 Cj) ^/ possessor, owner, master : ^"'1 M<:' Lord ; \A. ^\^\\ 
 — See Chald. gl. 2DT. 
 
 ci _ c :£ 
 
 jUjJ. r. «j;'» A>'/>'' '■ pi. ^ytJ>' A^'/y- — ^ee Chakl. 
 
 gl. i;2-^.wX. 
 
 ij|^ fourth, — See Aetli. gl. C-fl'^ " 
 Lj^, inij)!'. •JvJ, (jroir, yrow up, increase. II. ^. rear, 
 
 brin<j up, e'lucate. — See Cliald. gl. nzi. 
 
 iyiy ten thousand. — See Cliald. gl. 221. 
 y^.. /dth ; a crime, punishment, auger. Aiiollicr form \s ^j^^y 
 
 pi. ^l=*^l. — See Chakl. gl. ui. 
 ^' , im[)r. is-ip}', return. 
 
 J^. /'/ W!7// (as dislinci from a woman): pi. JL=»n. 
 
 !«=>.%. inij)!". *-=»-vJ. he eompussionale . have pilij or uicrcij 
 
 upon. \. *-^^'. id. — See Cliald. :;!. cm. 
 
 iL»ja^» mereij.
 
 — ri8 — 
 
 j>' impl'. ^j_>, ATw/ or give back, realoi'e; avert; ?'ejerf 
 
 (ir refuse: answer , confute. 
 ^\^ inipf. (c^jj , /^^^ or graze; tend a flock, guard or 
 
 /«7Ay' r<7;'^ 6i/i gove?'n. — • See Cliald. gl. nj;i. 
 «i., iin})f. .«i>J, ///-^ <'//', raise; remove, abolish. VIII. ^«ajJ 
 
 raise; be raised, rise or ^^ ^z^^. 
 oLo. ashes. — ■ Connected with \jclak be hot; Chald. i^ct, 
 
 Syr. j^olei , )i:iico9 , hot ashes. 
 'I., inipf. ^Iwj, blow ((he wind); inipf. -,.*^, >^>j, •w*''// 
 
 (anytliing). — See Syr. gl. u...?. 
 
 5 S o^ > i ^ 
 
 _.. ni. f. ///<" breath, spirit or .w///; pi. ^iijl; ^j-jp^ 
 jj.Ajo!^5| ///<" holg Spirit, but iMiiljanimadans understand 
 by it the angel Gabriel and sometimes Christ. 
 «^. f. the wind (nn, j-Io?)' ^<^(^fd , smell (nn, )^-'); 
 
 Pi. ^b^, ^uy, ^i,y. 
 
 ; 
 
 wiuv , impf. vi^yj , .v??'^// or m<^ , be agitated or /y/^^ (esp. 
 
 the sea), 
 l^v, imp!', •itj, <^<^' />-?/>>Y', good, innocent. — See Cli. gl. {<DI. 
 
 ^5^ , f". 'ijS\ , /??/;r, ^6**^(5^, innocent. 
 
 JLl. inipf. Jl^wwuj, J^lw-wj, Julo, imper. JLlI , AL*.!, (U., 
 
 *' ^ 5^ 
 
 ask, beg ; *,c-^'' *-"-**' '^'*' ^ic^' (J-^ ^^ ^^ asked 
 Jiim ab(nif ilic thing. — • See Chald. e;-l. ^Nt^'.
 
 — 129 — 
 
 j^J-*-u*, iiiijil. ^^j,j^.^^, i^aj^ , iircccdc , aiilirijtair , oulruit, 
 
 excel. 
 (j-^A^ 111. r. a road uv path, waij, melhod, roiidurf ; [tl. jJLJ,. 
 
 — Heb. ^13 1^', Aram, ^"rp, ji-- ^ '^^^'Y^- 
 
 J^l^ ///<" seashore, hearh, coast ; j»l. Ji^l^; in pari. 
 (J^LL'f (lie coast of Syria and Palesline. — Comp. 
 xiLi^, Ik'lj. Pjin; Aram. "iCD, Ij^. 
 
 J-ft-^'. ""!''• cK^^^, and JlLww, imj*!". J^iJo, he h))e, h)ivJij, 
 mean, hundjle. — Heb. ^Dij/; Aram. ^Dlf', "^II^ used 
 cliietly ill some ol" (be derived conj. 
 
 ^.^J^ low, mean. i}JiL\ lo?ver, the lowest part; pi. ^yi{l^ ■ 
 lsJ<j^ a vessel, ship; [A. ^jJu^. — See Ciiald. y-l. WDr. 
 ^2jXw, impf. jjXIj, ^<? ^?//t'^ or tranqud , subside or _$/<? 
 
 ^^y;<f7/ (tlie sea), dwell. — Ileb. pti^ or ]rti'', Syr. ,_L».. 
 
 IIw, impf. (vwo, poison ; bence 11*1, poison, Syr. jiais />'/^y//- 
 <?//?<?, poison. 
 
 rt«»w ///6' //t*/ /m^ or simoofN (more corr. samion). 
 
 "m^, ii«p'- /*^-^' ^'^'?^% ^-^-"y- — See Syr. gl. ''^-i.a-*'- 
 
 impf. «,t^wJ, ^(^ /'/[^//. 
 
 |VA«[ « name ; pi. eL^I. In llic jibrase aJLM j^wj tlie 
 init. f is always dropped, wliilst a wbim of llie (;illi- 
 grapbers lias ordered llial die iij)\vanl stidke ol' il.c ^ 
 sboiild be leno-lbened. — See Cbald. i*!. CJ*. 
 gt»w III. r. the skij, hettven, a roof (»r ceiliny. — See 
 
 Cbald. gl. N"tct^. 
 
 9
 
 — 130 — 
 
 tLw, 111411. i5-lo, he had or wicked; injure, hurt, distress. 
 %'yL , tyL , evil, nickeducss, an evil or calamity, 
 gll j4>; f had man , i^liil ^^ the wickedness of 
 their actions. — Aeth. TU^>i: llel). ^w. 
 
 : T 
 
 4>L^, impf. 1>«^, ^^ /^/'^ or master of, rule over. 
 
 jJLl a lord QiY master, chief prince; pi. soLl, cjI^LI. 
 Vulgarly contracted into sid (sidi, 7?nj lord, sir, a title 
 like -jlc — hence //^<? Cid — still farther abbrev. si), 
 
 and the fern. ScXa^ into o^ */^^. — Heb. C'lS* /m<^' 
 yort**', /^<?/.y; Aram. ^'^W an evil spirit, demon (Z. d. 
 D. M. G. vol. IX. p. 481), |?U 
 jLl, inij)r. vA-«J, ^0, ?valk, set out on a journey. — 
 
 Heb. nti>. 
 
 T 
 
 hIaw) a journey, space, distance. 
 
 tUi , impf. tX-oo , /y///^/ or //<? firmly, sir eny then, rush upon 
 or attack. IV. Juiif as „verbujn admirationis", tX.wot Lx) 
 oA.iyi Lxi /'^y/^' «^<?;'y much grieved thou art! — Aetli. 
 
 ftJ?^: drive out, e.vpel; Heb. TIK/ destroy. 
 
 s * 
 
 j'tXxi- strength, violence; distress, misfortune. 
 
 JotXvO strong, violent. 
 
 CjwCo, impf. i^wxio, drink. — Aetli. riZ,fl!l 
 
 1*0, iii'l'l. v-cio, IciJ, /'<^' had or wicked. — Heb. "i~iD he 
 refractory. ilL^' ^^/^ enemy.
 
 — 131 — 
 
 Id evil, frif'krd/irsn , n rrimr . misfnrfumc , pi. j*-^; 
 
 ailj. hf/fL tl'irLctI = yi^, I'l- ;'^» J-Cit- 
 
 Ik'l.. -p. 
 
 i^^w.^ //^y^/r, dliistnous, cwccUetU ; j»l. ^(wCit. — I Id). 
 
 ■ 1 : 
 
 J^^jui d.vidc , si'parah'. — Hch. f^vD, wliciice """yp n r/c/'i, 
 a hranch (Ar. ._;jt>co ^/ '"/<-//, ^Ar//7<^, kl*^ ^/ hraurh), 
 and CDi/'p, C''Dj;tJ', thoiiylilH, opinions. 
 
 Go' ., . 1 '' ' ' 
 
 ^_.»jt>*i ^/ //v^c? or people: pi. v^jycco- 
 ^^■ifl-«i, impr. ^i-cio , feel pit tj or compassion: more coinmon 
 ill 1\'. ^i-»il. 
 
 l5C»i, iiiil>r. jCxo, I'ewai'd, give thanks, he yraleful. — Heh. 
 -irir, also "ipi&'N. 
 ";i, « reward, /hanks, gratitude. 
 
 tUi (I'm- --ui), iiii|»r- ^Lci.^^ /r/.v/', //v//. 
 
 vj^.^. impr. ,_A-^s^, ^6' companion to, arcompang. 
 
 C^zA^ a romjtanion, owner or possessor: pi. ^.-..sx^^s, 
 v-*L^\^L ^_jL^\-o , and ibL^A^-o. Also uscil in (oii- 
 necl. with Jca.x (as yi with ::•{<) (o dfiiole the one 
 — the other.
 
 — 13'2 — 
 
 joLo , iuipf. jJu^ , (JO up , ascend. IV. tXi-^l id. — 
 
 Ileb. ij;^. 
 IjLo , inipf. jjuoJ, ^<? small; "yiuo-, inipf. vi-»aj, ^i**? av;/^///, 
 
 woi'thless, mean, despised. — See Cliald. gl. "lyT. 
 
 "luLo *v;^«//, youny ; pi, xLLa. 
 ^Lo. 11. Jl.o pray. — See Chald. gl. ^^. 
 
 ji^Xo, sl^Lo, a pray e?'; pi. e^l^-Lo . 
 •Xo, iiiipf. >»l*aj, ^^^^^/.Y', ^<>. — Syr. "^i^l <^^' ddiyent, 
 
 artful, cunning; Aetli. il^O: be firm , strong, brave; 
 
 Sam. Vjl^fil = .v^i-o ^' /^rt'.sY. 
 s^Lo, iui])f. cL^-oj, ci^Uoj, <:'/7^// « sound, cry out. 
 
 cylo, rt sound, a cry, the voice; pi. Ku>\yo\ . 
 j»Lo, inipf. (IjAr, abstain f?'om (esp. food). — See Chald. 
 
 gl. DliJ. 
 
 ^yc a fast. 
 "ASo, iin[)r. 'jA^aj, become, begin to do any thing; y^ (;L1). 
 
 l1j1*<5, inipf. *-jvAj, strike, sting (an insect). Comp. y"]^, 
 
 clo, and nj?niJ. 
 c^, tywij ii"|'f- pV^' ^^^ humble or submissive. V. cv.«iJ' 
 
 humble oncsself. 
 
 ^ lis , impf ^ Joj , throw, cast a way. 
 
 lojwb, m. f. « ;Yyrt</, /my, w^/// ^>/" life, conduct ; pi. iVJfl: 
 ' s - > '
 
 — 133 — 
 
 > ' r - 
 
 j^aub, inipr. *jtiaj, taste, cat. — See CliaM. j^'l. DVIO. 
 
 «>Lb, iinj)r. *Ji2L>, >Jliaj, ''W//6' /orlh , appear, rise, as- 
 cend. — Cliald. y'^P ff^'fiff' ^^it or f^f, Syr. "^J^I^z] 
 exa?mne, investigate = iXkj or IJLbf . 
 ^«-Ll2,x5 , «J.ia>o , t/te place of ascent or risintj : pi. 
 
 ^JJJo, impf. i3-Uaj, loosen; (jjJs, iinijf. ^J-Lbj, /><" ''//- 
 vorced; ;j-lb , iiiiiif. ^jJiij, ^<^ Am?^, checrfat^ di- 
 vorced. \ II, ^JJi2j| Ije sent away, yo, depart, tjc cheer- 
 ful. — Syr. uaJ^ be consumed or destroyed, ^<i 
 divorce, destroy ; CIiaM. p^zp throw a?my , Sam. ?i^. 
 
 ^ C5 - 
 
 Jiio. II. JJLb ^^fi-^i?, overshadow. — See Chald. gl. ^^ld. 
 
 »•# G -- 
 
 J^b shade, shadow; pi. J^Lb . 
 
 G , .- 
 
 J^Lb anythiny that yives shade. 
 
 Gs ^ 
 
 iUJox ^//(' instrument for yiviny shade, an umbrella ; 
 also a hut or tent; pi. JLbjo. 
 
 |JJi, impf. |Uiaj, ////>//•<:', oppress. — Aclli. fllA^: Aram. 
 
 d'pD, >:^, ^Vq, 
 G " ' 
 
 JLb oppression, wrony, injustice.
 
 134 — 
 
 £ 
 
 Z^, inii)f. 'Jj^, pass over. — See Chald, gl. "iDy. 
 
 ^tlLc: Hcbi'ew. 
 
 jJsLc , inij)f. jjixj, stumble. 
 
 xUl£ adve?-sity , calamiif/ ; chap. II. 7 (I am not how- 
 ever certain that this is the correct reading). 
 
 Ov^, inipf. OvJu, kfio?v. 
 
 Swco.^., f. wCi^x., ^^/?. See ^Uj|_ and Chald. gl. loy. 
 
 Uit, in]i)r. A2JU, take in the hand, 7'ecewe. IV. ^_kll ^/>'<?. 
 
 [Joe, inipf. Jbju, he large, important. — Heb. c^y he 
 strong, numerous. 
 jvA^Lt large, great, impoi'tant ; pi. ■•Lia.r., il^Ib^ . 
 
 j»he I , f. ^f^r , larger, largest, very large. 
 
 J^ and JJLf, perhaps; construed with the ace, as J.ij 
 ^^wi' c^^M pet-haps death is near ; xixj, dUJU, etc.; 
 
 ^^LiJ however is freq. used for (caIaJ. 
 
 iXc, inipf. Juiu, ^/^o;2». 
 
 ^^, impf ^ju, and ,lJLc, impf. ^Juiu, be high, exalted, 
 noble. VI. ^Jl*i ^^ ^/^/^ exalted; come. — Heb. H/J^, 
 Aram. N'^^y (not used in I.); cognate words are ^Ci 
 impf. Jul>, A'/zryt*/ z//? luxuriantly, e.vcecd due limits, be 
 dear; Aeth. DA®: /y/r^//<: /^^ /^/;?2>, ^^^ faithless ov pe?- 
 fidious, betray.
 
 — 135 — 
 
 -Xc over, above, ///)o/t , tut, in (ifhUlKni In, /tof/ri/fi- 
 
 slainliny, ayainsl, elc. — See Cliald, i^l. h^; . 
 J^, iiiij)!". Jk^jtj- I'lhour, fvork, do. 
 
 Jw^x: lalxHir , N'ttrk, deed or ^/^7; ^/ dislriet oi- ^<y- 
 
 venimeut ; jii. JU^I. 
 ^ ^///r/y />w/?, />w^; ivithout ; after. Willi sufT. ^, 
 
 dUc , e(e, 
 Ux, iiii|»r. ^A*j, and ^^Ic, impf. ^^aju, distress ur <rY///.sy' 
 
 anxiety : |»ass. ^aj^ =^ VIII. .^I^J <^^ solicitous or 
 
 concerned about, bestow pains or labour upon. — Heb. 
 
 n:j; (for );v), Aram, i^y, u^. 
 
 3Lc, im{)f, c>y«j, return, repeat or (^/<? «7y«7/// (coinp. 2115', 
 ,^01. Is-x, .T^T^:); become (^^). — Heh. l^ij; sur- 
 round, "i-iyn ^////Vv;/ solemnly, testify; Syr. ^ (^^j^) 
 accustom; Aelli. i'.?: ^<'> r^?///'/^/ oi- about, which see. 
 
 j^Lc. IV. ^Lcl ^/.v.sVi/, //^'(^;. 
 
 Jjli f. the eye, a fountain; pi. ^^, J-i^'- — ^^^ "^Y- 
 
 v1a-4£-, iiii|>r. ,_;^iJ, /y<" anyry. — Ili'h. s^'j; afflict, dis- 
 tress; Aelli. DRfi: //<" //<//v/, diffeult. — The oriiiin 
 i^\ Ihese diir. .sii>-iiif. is (o be soui'ht in the idea of 
 tyiuy f rally {^j^ , ^^): hence arise (he siynil'. of 
 1) bindiny up wtntnds, curiny (ir Itealiny (-^r*): 2) of 
 collect iny (^A-si.c. kx^^s^ ''/ /'^^Vy of tneii): 3) of hard-
 
 — 136 — 
 
 /fcss, whence orig-iiinle (lie various sigiiif. ol' r/J diffi- 
 culty (O^fl!), h) valamily {C^^ of a year of famine 
 caused by drought, ^A.»njt llli\\\<\ Cj-^^Lj^s.), c) stern- 
 ness or severity (OB"fl:), d) anger {C^j^, -^*J?)? c) op- 
 pression, affliction (22y, .«l*-ox., nJI^Ac.); 4) of violent 
 exei'tion, zeal, perseverance {Cf.^k£. , C^yoJ-l ; ^j^kxJ, 
 iLuw,flx. patriotic or religious zeal), and in a more ge- 
 neral sense of toil, labour, work (2^y , D^J?, ^^v). 
 Comp. tlie various signif. of (he rad. J.^ , Tiif' and 
 
 ji^, pin. 
 
 G ^ ^ G -- o*^ 
 
 (^jJLc //?^ «^6'// or bar of a door; pi. ^-^Lcl. 
 
 1^, impf. 1*J, co^v;•^ af/lict ov grieve. Vlll. lit I be grieved 
 or distressed. — Heb. cnj; (see Gesenius' Thesaurus); 
 Chald. UV'QV. niake blind (pro[). rt'i^tv the eyes, Ar. 
 
 ^ 
 
 j^ 
 
 be blind) and D!5j;nN ^d? blind. 
 
 IjLc., im[)f. (vlxj, take possession of, car?ij off as booty. 
 
 15 ^ ^ 
 
 iv>Lc. f. .s7/<?^/> /?;?</ j/^rt'/.v (die most important possessions 
 of a nomade people); pi. ILI^I. 
 Xk, imi)f. )*xj, sink do7vn, be low or sunken, subside, set 
 (the sun). 
 
 So-- 
 
 »»i that which lies low or dccjf, the bottom, a val- 
 /(?y ; in |).'niirulnr )*ijl el-dhor, the valley of the 
 .lordan. 
 
 o a conj., differing from : in diat it implies, not a mere 
 juxtaposition of {\\(\ things or events, but an onward
 
 — 137 — 
 
 progi^esshm nr an internal connection , as of cause and 
 t'frecl and the like. Hence i( may be ver\' variously 
 IraFislaled into English, according as tlie context de- 
 mands. Sometimes by then (in wliich case it may 
 also be altogether passed over), as: ItXJC 2^ ^J[ 
 ^JjJLCM ^\j6^ cLoLi //' thini /last said t/tis, (then) Ihoii 
 art an anhe/iever : ^yujU aJLM ^y:^ (Uo ^JJ, 
 //" ye love Cod, {/hen) follow mc. Sometimes simply 
 
 by and, as: Vr*^ &'-^ c>^^ i\. ^^ Lrh^ ^'^ ^^'^'* 
 thirsty and (in consequence) /^•<'/^/' to a spring to drink. 
 Sometimes by in order that, so that, that (in which 
 case a following verb is put in the subj., as after J), 
 as: xLsaJI J^j>li C?"^ Lj |J lal^ pardon me, my 
 Lord, that I may enter (and so, and in consequence, 
 I shall enter) Paradise. Hence it corresponds in many 
 points with the socalled 7m?v conversivmn of the Hebrew. 
 
 ls\i the dan'H, the morning. 
 
 ' li. inipl". -^vij. cleave or divide: remove one's sorrow, 
 console. 11. _ jj id. \\ -^ ^' he free of grief, 
 amuse or entertain onesself. — Syr. ^„ ^ and ,_^^1. 
 
 ^^, impi". — vAJ. <^^' glad, haj)jty , rejoice. 
 
 ^^ .yVyy. happiness. 
 Zi, impf. IftJ, //<"<", ;•«/-' awe/y. 
 ^jOyi, impr. ijo,^, ''v// ()!■ notch, //.r or tlctermine, ordain, 
 
 proclaim by edict. — Cogn. ^li, |*"}D, ^i^. an<l 
 
 other words containing (he syll. T (see Gesenius' 
 
 Thesaurus, art. nc).
 
 — 138 — 
 
 ^•J, iinpf. ^-vIj, he afraid. 
 
 ^y fear. 
 JloJ, ini}>r. Juaij, divide. — Syr. '^^. 
 
 Jc^oi ^/ divisiof), difference or disiinciion, chapter or 
 
 section, season of tlie year; pi. ^^yjcii. 
 ^ ///, t^/^*, concei^ning, in comj)arison with. 
 
 Jul", inipf. JuJij, ^6>;;^^ to?M?'ds, approach; receive or rt'f- 
 cept. IV. Jui'l approach, in a friendly manner, receive 
 kindly, in a hostile manner, attack; undertake anything'. 
 — See Cljald. gl. ^2p. 
 
 Jlo prop. ///<?/ W^/<7/^ is opposite ; adv. ace. aJUa, in 
 his possession; aJLvj* ^^.x on his part, from him. — 
 Aram. ^2|?. or ^3p, '^a^, 2^?. 
 
 tXij adv. derived from the rad. tXi cut through, conveying- 
 the idea of being done and finished, already. Hence 
 Jo, or still more emphat. , tXiJ, is pref. to a verb in 
 the perf to indicate the entire completion of the act at 
 a past time, as: xlj!^i. LSlfo jJi we have (already) 
 naj-rated his reign; Jo' S.'£ s'tX^ii s'^L^ /'^ ^^'^'^^ lo 
 
 
 his house, but found he had (already) gone out. It 
 also conveys the idea of sufficiency, as ^^ o [^d^) ibt\i' 
 a dirham (coin) is enough for vie; and is hence used 
 with tlie impf. in the sense of pretty often, sometimes, 
 perhaps, as ,j<X^ jJ" ^.jjOt Jjj^ //^<? liar some- 
 times speaks tlie trut/i.
 
 — 139 — 
 
 siXs , iiiil»I. >JJij, ^<Xaj, ^<^' ponwrfiil, (ihlc. 
 
 .jLs part. ;i<l). i>on'vrfui (ihle. 
 ^tXi-. II. ^i^^ purify, consecrate; Ijeiicc jLjiiiif ciluJf 
 
 or (j^tXa^JI o^ or ^^i^^ji^\ ,^^,^ Jerusalem. — • See 
 
 Chald. gl. K'lp. 
 
 y^t>i purify, sanctity ; lience JljJiJI Jerusalem, ' .Ijl 
 
 y^^cXiLM or j*-tXkJI _,^N M6' holy spirit (according to 
 
 the Miiliainiiiadaiis, the angel Gahriel). 
 pji", iniiif. |*tXiL>, yo before, precede; ItXi", inijif. ItXiJ, 
 
 approach, arrive; ^jj, impf. ^jJb, ^t' old ov ancient. 
 
 — See Syr. gl. >o^. 
 
 jittXi) prop. ///<? fro/d; adv. ace. lljj; /// front of, he- 
 fore; ^SiXi ,j-? /^'^'''^ before, away from. 
 
 ^cXi", impf. o jJu throw; throw up, vomit. — See Aelh. gl. "J^Z. " 
 y;, impf. wAj, Jb, be cold; be quiet, stay, remain. X. li£jl 
 
 Z'6' ^///<:'/, remain, dwell. — Aelh. 'P»Z,4: ^^' r6»A/, Syr. 
 
 ij\ Chald. "inj^nx; Heb. ip_ r^V^/. 
 
 ^^•, impl. (joJL), cut, tear, ynaw. Cognate form ,jOjJ", 
 Aelh. *^U: .v/'tY//-; Heb. pp; Chald. I'^p, chielly 
 used in such phrases as ('i")p) '•H'iii'^.p. "rrN, Vl) 
 ^cno^-j_o^ to slander or calumniate a person, Xv. 
 
 cli, ini[)f. cvib, /''<^r//, knock. VIII. c^' <"^<y^ ^^>^'>"- — 
 Heb. yip tear, rend (see i^jj)- 
 cj3", noinen unitatis iLcIi, a yourd. — See Syr. gl. Hjlc. 

 
 — 140 — 
 
 s " ^ 
 
 v^ajLs the innermost pa?i, interior ; hence pith, kernel, mar- 
 
 s ' > 
 i'07V, the heart; \A. i^^JU". — Heb, 27P. 
 
 Jli , iin[)f. JyLs , say, speak. — See Syr. gl, Vo . 
 
 lli, inipf. [•yij, stand up, rise, stand. — See Chald. ^\. D^p. 
 
 ^^ people, a people , a nation; pi. ^I*isl- 
 
 1J5, impf. wXfj ^^ /i^?v7<^, .v/<)^//; Li^, iiiii)f. JJ^ be old. — 
 Aeth. ^•(IZ, ; be honoured, illustrious, Heb. ~i'<2rn, 
 
 Syr. jlas. 
 
 yK/sf large, old, great or famous; pi. »Ll5^ *^^r^' — 
 Heb. ^''33. 
 
 JiS, impf. wiXj, ^^ ;?^w<7/^, ?iu?ne?'ous. 
 
 yfj^ j?mch, many, numerous. 
 
 ^ir^/ ^^^Z, throne; pi. j^l^ — See Chald. gi ndid. 
 
 8jX ''I'l'f- 5)-^. 5 ^^ averse to, dislike, abhor, take amiss. 
 V. spG- id. — Ae(h. WCU: (Ar. VS) force, com- 
 pulsion] Syr. oijjizl grieve, be sick, Chald. nid, n3nJ<, 
 Syr. liiLs or ^^ ^ which see. 
 
 yl^f, impf. wwXT, break, put to rout. VII. IvlX^it /J*^ ^;*o- 
 
 /c^;?, routed, wrecked. 
 SS' the ?vhole, all. — See Chald. gl. h^. 
 
 _, o ^ 
 
 *J^. II. (Jl5^ speak, speak to, address.
 
 — 141 — 
 
 Vis spcrr/i^ (idilrcss : ajL'l ]SiS the inud of f.oil. 
 
 -\l5^, iiiipC. ^Jo, /><", hcamc, happen. — Sec Actli. gl. i^ili 
 \3uS how? 
 
 J eniphat. parf., ccrtainhj. Of constant occurrence after ^t, 
 as: )5^' &JLJI Jjl verily God is ready to foryivc, and 
 in the apodosis of conditional statements, after J and 
 Nip, as: lX^vIJT C^ I5IL0 LJ f JCi iJl^ iJ //" they 
 had known (it), they would not have crucified the 
 Lord of glory ; also in sucii phrases as: ^yJtJ ^V ^^^U 
 life, JLol JjtJ by the life of thy father. 
 
 J, and with pron. siifT. J, to, for, accordiny to, etc. Sign 
 of the dat., and of the ace. (principally with particip. 
 and inf., as Jj t.j.s^ filliny thee with wonder. 
 cyLo^l I ScX-gJ ^j^w.*Jl«-M the expounders of these ver- 
 ses ; or when the ace. precedes the verh, as IjdS' ;j\ 
 r^^^JJd '-J? 5 7^' if ye infer/>ref visions). — See Ciudd. 
 gloss. '?. 
 
 J /// order that, that; construed with the subj., as lli^ 
 IaI) Lj^t5 Jonah arose that he miyht flee (to llee). 
 Prop, it is identical with the pre]). J, and is often 
 conjoined with ^ (as "^.x^-L*^'! J^l ^y^ ^J^L "^r^S 
 «//</ y was ordered to be the first of the Muslims),
 
 — 142 — 
 
 - ' - ^ ^- 
 always when followed by the neg. '^ (as ^ j JU UII 
 
 *-Uilj oj-^u^so ^uJ /^6' .S77/V/ M/i- w?/y ?'// order that 
 
 learniny miyht not be disparaged — "^^ for !!^(j^^)- 
 
 l9 no, not. When = t'N*, it is followed by the Jussive. — 
 See Chald. gl. ^/h. 
 
 ^UJ, for ^Ijj!^, in order that — not. See J. 
 
 jjbi. and ^J^)_ because, since. See ^||^l, ^f, and J. 
 
 yLJ, impf. yllAJ' Z*^^ ^'^ clothes. — See Cliald. gl. ^d^. 
 
 JoiJ. See jLfc. 
 I 
 /^y^ or JjO but. Before nouns and pron. sulT. it fakes 
 
 the form "jO, and is construed with the ace. (but 
 
 ^^IXJ as well as ^ydXl). 
 Ij not; followed by the Jussive, as JLoJI V'^j ^jX> jU he 
 
 did not like poetry. 
 CU n,'hen, after. 
 Q (also IJ and in poet, ij) on account of what? why? 
 
 See Uo. 
 ijlJLl //^6'r^ ?* not, 7ms not. Comp. of Si and the obsol. 
 
 ^1 = f2}\ — See Chald. gl. n\s*. 
 jjj niyht ; nomen unilatis «JLaJ a night, \\. JLJ. — See 
 
 Chald. gl. S^. 
 
 r 
 
 Lo what? that which, what, whatever, hi interrog. 13 is 
 often annexed, as ciJU t*J> Lo, ^li^l 13 U (see tj>).
 
 — 143 — 
 
 The same word is used as conj. /// as far as (\Je 
 •xk-iLJ^f /// as far as I ran , as much as I ran) , as 
 loiKj as (LIsi. vi>jcj> \,A as hnuj as I rrmaia alive) ^ 
 and how (in one ol' (lie verbal forms of expressing 
 wonder, e. g. J^xj v^=?( Uo how strange is your 
 conduct! oo*jsk U Jui( Lo how violent is your grief!). 
 From it too has sprung 
 U not. See Gesenius' Hebr. Gr. I6lii ed., p. 239. note * 
 
 of (he Engl, transl. 
 
 cUCo 7vares, inerchandise, utensils, furniture ; [)I. iuuuol. 
 ^_x«, w*Li^ ^ Mard-a.toq:^ (he prophet Jonah is called by (he 
 
 Arabs ^^uo ^ u^^- 
 
 Juto, Juuo, impf. Jci^j, .y/r/z/r/ ^r^r/; Jcoo, impf. Jci^j, ^<? 
 
 //^'^, resemble; make like, assimilate, compare. — 
 
 Aeth. <?=>AA: 01- cPfiA.' ^^ like, seem: Heb. ^^'^j /^^ 
 
 like, Chald. II. ^'•ncN', par(. pe'il Wi2 like. The 
 
 noun 'r:^'?:; occurs in all (he dialecls: Ar. Jcoo. Ae(b. 
 
 <?^«1A: Aram. nJ-h;?, yiic, ^ZA^. 
 
 So G ^ „*; , o 
 
 Joix) /^7^<?/ M' ///if or equal, pi. JuLof; ad\'. ace. Jci.o 
 
 //Xr, /7.9. — Heb. hwr^, Phoen. ^ji'D (inscr. Eryc. 1. 3). 
 wx), impf. l^j, y>^/i\y ^y, <9/^, or away. 
 
 sic ^/ .s7>/^/(" //w^; pi. ^^'llc, )'^; '^dv. ace. iljo rv/Cf?. 
 ^vw.w*jo c/ garment of coarse cloth ; \)\. ^ ^^s,^ . 
 ftx or 1^ //vV//, ,7^//^ //vV//. — See Chald. gl. c>. 
 _^Lc rt- sailor, i»l. ^,^^Co. — See Syr. gi. )^\v.
 
 — 144 — 
 viJULo, inipf. viJUCj, he master of, possess. — See Chaltl. 
 
 viLLo afi owne)' or possesso?\ king ; pi. cJjJLo . 
 ^ (ill Egypt. ^ or ^j^) ?Mo.^ — See Chald. gl. p. 
 ^ from, of, out of; after the comparative, than. — See 
 
 Chakl. gl. p. 
 yI>Uo, impf. cj^j, <//<?, (^<? ^<:y/^/. — See Chald. gl. n"'?^. 
 
 cu*.« death. 
 "Lo, in]i)f. i-^y^.i move to and fro, be agitated. 
 y; ^/ )tave, pi. -^'^>o|. 
 
 JLo, impf. Ju*J, ^^^^^ or incline. VI. JoUj (^<''/^</ /^ «/^^ 
 />•<?, ^^ agitated or tossed about. 
 
 IW.O . oee , .tLvw-j' • 
 
 Uj, impf. Ujj, ^^ raised or elevated. II. Lli ^;v>?^ z^^/^'.?, 
 announce ; choose as a prophet. V. Llli appear as 
 a prophet. — See Cliald. gl. N*2J . 
 ^^' (for ?^^) a prophet, pi. iCuJi. 
 
 s*AJ (for st*-o) //<(6' 6'/^6Y? 6*/' prophet , prophecy , a 
 
 prophecy. 
 viLuJ, impf. c:^-yj, sprout, grow. 
 tjo, impf. .cX^o, call or summon; come together, assemble. 
 
 III. ;^J>li 67-y <>?//, proclaim, call or summon. 
 .tXi, imj)f. xjjj, >4XIj, i'^^<!^- — See Cliald. gl. "n:. 
 
 « jo // ^^^w ; pi. ^•jo.
 
 — 145 — 
 
 cwi, impr cv-o. ff'fir or jnill tt/j\ suatrh nwaij. — Cognate 
 
 words ill I It 'I), are yp: and ncj. 
 Jyj, iiii|)I. J^Aj, ^r>;;/6' dow)i, descend, (ditjJit, Idkc up o/ic's 
 
 abode. — ■ llel). 'ri: /lo/v. 
 
 »^, iiiiitf. jlilj, y^iIj, Ar^', /'>'^/i" ^/t', observe, cofisider. — 
 See Syr. gl. i_M. 
 
 ^j^ f. ///<? .y^?//, ///^; a pe?'son, person or .9^//"; pi. ;jl»ij . 
 
 Jo* 
 
 (j*^|. ■ — See Cliald. gl. k'dj. 
 "SbIS, iiiipf. «iAj, (^^' of use or advunlage. 
 
 «ib [)art. adj. useful ; «ij| w^y;v' useful, better. 
 
 1^, iiiipr. 5.4AJ, /A-'/'i". — See Cliald. gl. TiJ. 
 
 5.4^, w.^, « mr;*, « canal; pi. )t^|. 
 
 ^4^, iiMpr. ^4^' S'^"- '^"^^^^ '" ''^^ P^^'^- (5^' ^^^''^ ^^' 
 
 reac/t. \'1II. ^i.ili( <^v>w<" /6», ;r^/r// ,• come to an end. 
 
 Z*^' finished. 
 lli, iniiif. IUj, .y/r*"/^. — Aelli. 1<P\ lie!), c:, Syr. >cj . 
 
 In Ar. ILS is used in speaking of sound sleep, [\^\ 
 
 of lighter slumbers; in lleb. the use of CJ and ]*^> 
 
 is reversed. 
 ^P-o, n}j''J, Nineveh. 
 
 s 
 
 IS ^ . i > ^ £ ^ * 
 
 v._/^, inipf. Ja^, Mw- IV. J]^l ////v/v ///f?//'. 
 
 ial^, inipf. iil^, 1^ ^ .? ^^ , /^/// ^^^^7/, (jn donn. descend. 
 
 I Joe. impr. IJsjj, ^6' aV///, quiet. — Aetli. UK-KW 
 
 10
 
 — 146 — 
 
 - I 
 
 I6L^, ftViS, f. sjjo, ^4^, il^is } till. iiom. in. ^(j^, f. 
 ^lije; pi. «=!^Jyc. — Coinp. of Lss = N*n, 1^^ and So- 
 
 JiXL^ anything Im-ge or bulky , espec. « /(?7/v76' building , 
 
 palace, temple. — See Chald. gl. 'pD^n. 
 dUbc, inipf. viJULgj, and dU^, impf. dULgj, die, perish. — 
 
 See Chald. gl. I'^n. 
 vJLIfl> /i^r<?, //^^r^. Comp. of LIso /^<?/'^ and eJ. Other forms 
 
 are dUUss , and LXffbc , Ll^jo (comp. |j> and its 
 
 compounds) . 
 yo, f. ^, he, she, it; du. Ujo; pi. m. ik (in poet. ^), 
 
 f. J^. When preceded by r or o, the vowel of 
 
 the first syll. is gen. dropped, yc:, ^^J^ • — See 
 
 Chald. gl. t<in. — iJ Isc (t«i>*^, ijJoL^) as interj., 
 
 lot see! 
 
 JL^, impf J^, terrify. 
 
 J^ /^<7/', terror, anythiiig terrible ; pi. J!yc|. 
 tUi , impf. iL§j , ^^«^, ^<? prepared, ready. II. Liso prepare, 
 
 make ready. 
 aX^ i inipf. ^^, ^<? agitated, excited, rage\ excite, rouse. 
 
 — SeeAelh. gl. UHlW 
 
 ot:, impf. tXlj, bwy alive. VIII. ob| ^(> slowly along. 
 Formed by transposition from o\ (<:>5l) bend, load or 
 burden, oppress , Heb. "i"i{^ a burden.
 
 — 147 — 
 
 5O5J U'CKjItt ; slowness in mutton, dcu/i/ or hesitation: 
 slcdfastncss or gi'avilij , palicnce, endurance (luiii[». 
 nUj, If?;'). Formed like alt Jo tv/Ar, a/'/luence, from 
 ctjj ; iU^!o indigestion, kaxw *^l\ jjUo a proit, stafj, 
 cushion, from Uol (l^i); «-»-gJ' suspicion, from ivJCi ; 
 farther ^^^Jo confidence, from J^:, viyl^j" inheritance, 
 from ^.: ; ^j" /<^r//- r^/ 6W/, from _i:. Comp. 
 such secondary formaUons as jli^i = (V^JJ^^, j^ij' = 
 ^\, jJo (Aram, ^^n, Vs'z) = J<Xi"l , jJi and its 
 derivatives from jj^ , xJj = xJb| , I-§i = ^\.-> 
 
 tXi>|. Freylag has in his Lexicon jjj^S under of and 
 H;>^" under t>; — both, I beh'eve, mistakes. 
 
 Jc^., inipf. J^jssJ ^nd. 
 
 ajsL: ^6' /?/r<?, M^ front, surface: ?rag or manner; pi. 
 
 G > > G > c* 
 
 tX-kj, <X=»5, inipf. Aisu, ^6? fl'A>/^<?, single, the only one of 
 
 the sort, uniipie. — See Chald. gl. nn. 
 
 s 
 
 (Xskl: one, sole, alone. — • Aeth. Tm.^^:I 
 
 Jloj impf. Jc^, y^//^ f6'W6' or attain to, reach. — Hence 
 
 in Syr. U*^ , Ar. Jco^ , o joint. 
 J:, imp!". Jii, he entire , keep faith or ones word, pay 
 a debt. II. ^: /yv/; engagements , perform profnises, 
 or />^y dehts , to the ullermost (pi'>p. w/'z/iv complete. 
 from Isj entire , ahundant). — Syr. ^^s) //<* c/^/^'. 
 also be consumed, cease, perish: Aelii. A(l)'AI*- 'le-
 
 — 148 — 
 
 liver up. As lo lliese tlifl". sigiiif., conip. (lie rad. nh^, 
 ,»-Lv, and en, li", in <he several dialects. 
 
 liLj, 1D1 J(t/pf> or Joppa. 
 
 (jluo, inipf. (jj-^^Aj, ^c dried up, nntlicrcd. II. ^LIS drij up, 
 
 make wither. — See Cliald. gl. li'D"'. 
 
 ^j*aaj « ^//y place, dry land. 
 jj r. ///<" //(T//*^/; dii. ^Ijo; pi. tXjf, (3b(. — See Cli. gl. "11 . 
 .Lmj //<'^ /<^/^ AvV/6', left hand = ,^j.a«J|. 
 ^j.A^ 1". the right side, right hand = ^j^.^}\ , an oath, pi. 
 
 ^l*j|. — See Cliald. gl. i^d^. 
 IIj a day (i. e. the civil day of 24. hours; the natural 
 
 r/^/y is .L§i, as ojjp. to niyht Jd-Oj p'- |*Q'- — ^'^^ 
 Chald. gl. DT>. 
 Jtlilj, ij^y.5 Jonah; gen. called by the Arabs (j*o»j 
 
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