TRANSACTIONS 
 
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 OF THE 
 
 CAMBRIDGE 
 
 PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY. 
 
 ESTABLISHED NOVEMBER 15, 1819. 
 
 VOLUME XII. PART I. 
 
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 M.DCCC.LXXIII. 
 
LIBRARY 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALli'GRNIA 
 DAVIS 
 
II. A Monograph of Ebenacece. By "W". P. HIEEN, M.A., St John's College. 
 
 [Read March 11, 1872.] 
 
 THE family EBENACELE was first established by Ventenat in 1799 in his "Tableau du 
 Regne Ve'ge'tal," was revised by Jussieu in the "Annales du Museum," Vol. v. p. 417, in 
 1804, and was finally assigned in 1810 by Brown in his "Prodromus Floras Novse Hollandiaa 
 et Van-Diemen" and briefly reduced to its present shape. 
 
 In 1837 George Don in his "General System of Gardening and Botany," Vol. IV., gave 
 an account of the whole family as understood by him ; he enumerated 83 species which 
 he distributed amongst 8 genera. He however included the genus Diclidanthera with 
 2 species which is now placed in the family STYRACE^E: he placed in ILICINI^E instead of 
 EBENACE^E Leucoxylum buxifolium, Blum. : and he described the new genus Diplonema which 
 however has not been maintained by subsequent authors as distinct from Euclea. 
 
 In 1844 Alphonse De Candolle monographed the family, amongst the earliest of his 
 works, in the " Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis," Vol. vin., and produced 
 160 species and 8 genera, with the omission however of Leucoxylum buxifolium, Blum. 
 Three of these 8 genera were first defined in this monograph. 
 
 No subsequent treatise of an original character on the whole number of species of the 
 family has appeared. 
 
 In the present monograph 5 genera only are recognized, one of which (Tetradis) is 
 new, and amongst these are distributed about 250 species ; an account is also given of 
 the fossils that have been published as members of the family, but these are not included 
 in the above-mentioned estimate. 
 
 For the purpose of preparing the present paper I have consulted all the materials 
 within my reach; I may mention the following important collections which I have 
 examined. 
 
 (i) The royal herbarium at Kew, well known to be amongst the largest in existence, 
 where I have had the advantage of Professor Oliver's incidental assistance. 
 
 (ii) The herbarium of the British Museum, containing many valuable type-specimens 
 and a large miscellaneous collection. 
 
 (iii) The herbarium belonging to the University of Cambridge, including the late 
 Dr Lindleys herbarium and Lehmanris herbarium, the latter named for the University by 
 Mr Bentham. 
 
 (iv) The herbarium of the University of Oxford. 
 
 (v) The Wallickian herbarium of East Indian plants, now the property of the Linnean 
 Society of London. 
 
 42 
 
28 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 (vi) The EBENACE.E of the University of Dublin, extremely rich in South African 
 plants, got together by the late Dr Harvey. 
 
 (vii) The EBENACE^E of Dr Bonder's herbarium of Hamburg, also rich in South 
 African plants. 
 
 (viii) The herbarium of Dr Van Heurck at Antwerp. 
 
 (ix) The royal herbarium belonging to the botanical garden at Brussels, containing the 
 private collection of the late Von Martins, the editor of the "Flora Brasiliensis." 
 
 (x) The royal herbarium at Leiden, where is the best collection in Europe of plants 
 indigenous to the Malay archipelago. 
 
 (xi) The imperial herbarium at Berlin, where also is the important type-collection 
 of Willdenow. 
 
 (xii) The imperial herbarium at Vienna. 
 
 (xiii) The royal herbarium at Munich, which is especially rich in Brazilian plants. 
 
 (xiv) The type-herbarium of De Candolle at Geneva. 
 
 (xv) The Delessert herbarium also at Geneva. 
 
 (xvi) The herbarium of the Paris Museum, which contains the best collections from 
 Madagascar and New Caledonia, the herbarium of Jussiew, and a very large general col- 
 lection of plants. 
 
 (xvii) The EBENACE..E of the fine Angolan collection made by Dr Welwitsch with 
 extraordinary care and true scientific judgment in the expedition undertaken by the 
 Portuguese government from 1853 to 1860. 
 
 (xviii) The Australian collection of the great botanist Brown, now the property of 
 Mr Bennett, late of the British Museum. 
 
 I have also been favoured with the manuscript of the African genus Royena belonging 
 to the late Dr Harvey, which he had prepared but not completed for the " Flora Capensis ;" 
 I have taken up some new species of Royena which Dr Harvey had briefly described in 
 this manuscript. 
 
 Dr Thwaites, of the royal botanical garden at Peradenia in Ceylon, has with much kind- 
 ness supplied me with fresh flowers in spirit, as well as dried flowers, belonging to Ebena- 
 ceous species indigenous to that island, and published by him in his "Enumeratio Plantarum 
 Zeylaniae." 
 
 ECONOMIC PRODUCTS, &c. 
 
 The economic properties of Ebenacese are principally connected with the wood and the 
 fruit, though other parts in some species are of value and importance. The valuable wood 
 known by the name of Ebony is a black hard and heavy wood, produced for the most 
 part by members of this family. Other families, however, such as Leguminosce, Sterculi- 
 acece, Bignoniacece, &c. supply different kinds of wood that are also called by the name 
 of Ebony. Bertolini in Miscellanea Botanica, VIII. p. 1 (1849), discusses the various claims 
 of different plants to represent the ebony of the ancients, and decides in favour of a 
 Leguminous species, which he calls Fornasinia ebenifera. For an account of ebony and 
 its varieties, a paper may be consulted which was contributed by Mr P. L. Simmonds in 
 the Art Journal for 1872, pp. 66 68. Ebony is confined to the heart-wood of the trees 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENAC&E. 29 
 
 ft 
 that produce it and is chiefly, found in older trees; the wood of the younger being often 
 
 of a pale colour. 
 
 Ebony, as the term is used in commerce, is a close-grained and nearly black wood 
 of high specific gravity, heavier than water, a cubic foot weighing from 1100 to 1330 oz., 
 is susceptible of a high polish, and is chiefly used for inlaying and fancy-work. The price 
 of the timber as imported into England varies from 8. 10*. to 9. 12s. 6d. per ton; from 
 700 to 1000 tons are annually imported. 
 
 The wood is of an acrid pungent taste, and gives off an aromatic smell when burnt; 
 when dried at 100 G. it is said to contain 49 - 8 per cent, of carbon, 5 '3 of hydrogen and 
 44'9 of oxygen ; it is also said to contain ulmic acid (see Schacht, Der Baum, p. 198). 
 The strength of the wood is illustrated by the following experiment, but as it was tried 
 on a piece of inferior specific gravity the result is probably below the full strength of a 
 better class of ebony. A piece planed to one inch square and 24 inches long was sup- 
 ported at each end by two props, the clear distance from prop to prop being 20 inches ; 
 it was then found that a weight of 2 cwt. 3 qu. 20 Ibs. was required (when hung on the 
 middle) to break the piece. (See Transactions of the Society of Arts, Vol. XLVIII.) 
 
 Sawdust of Ceylon ebony (? Diospyros Ebenum, L.) when treated with cold water pro- 
 duces in the latter a rich or reddish brown colour, and after boiling together for some time 
 no further change of colour results ; the sawdust retains its original very dark colour. 
 
 Ebony is employed to make pianoforte keys, the stringholder in violins, spear-points, 
 &c. ; and the best kind of ebony is very valuable on account of its maintaining a perma- 
 nent shape and not warping, and is therefore used for rules and measures. 
 
 Many hard woods such as box-wood, pear-tree wood, &c. are now artificially dyed black, 
 and are used in commerce as ebony. 
 The following species supply ebony : 
 
 Diospyros Ebenum, Konig. India, &c. 
 
 Diospyros rnelanoxylon, Roxb. India. 
 
 Diospyros Dendo, Welw. Angola, West tropical Africa. 
 
 Diospyros sylvatica, Roxb. India, &c. 
 
 Diospyros Gardneri, Thw. Ceylon. 
 
 Diospyros hirsuta, Linn. fil. Ceylon. 
 ' Diospyros discolor, Willd. Malaya, &c. 
 
 Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. India, &c. 
 r Diospyros Ebeuaster, Retz. Malaya, &c. 
 
 Diospyros montana, Roxb. India, &c. 
 
 Diospyros insignis, Thw. Ceylon and S. India. 
 
 Diospyros Tupru, Buch.-Ham. India. 
 
 Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. Tropical Africa. 
 
 Diospyros truncata, Zoll. and Mor. Java. 
 
 Diospyros tessellaria, Poir. Mauritius. 
 
 Diospyros haplostylis, Boiv. Madagascar. 
 
 Diospyros microrhombus. Madagascar. 
 
 Diospyros ramiflora, Wall. N.E. India. 
 
 Maba buxifolia, Pers. India, Madagascar, &c. 
 
30 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Maba Mualala, Welw. Angola, West tropical Africa. 
 Euclea pseudebenus, E. Mey. South Africa. 
 
 &c. &c. 
 The following species also produce good wood. 
 
 Diospyros Malacapai, Alph. DC. Wood yellow with black spots. Philippine Islands. 
 Diospyros pilosanthera, Blanc. Ornamental wood. Philippine Islands. 
 Diospyros pilosa, Alph. DC. Timber fit for building purposes. Cochin China 
 Diospyros pentamera. Wood very hard, pale. Australia. 
 Diospyros australis. Wood close-grained, fit for turnery. Australia. 
 Diospyros chloroxylon, Roxb. Wood pale. Circars, India. 
 Diospyros Paralia, Steud. Wood white and hard. Guiana. 
 Diospyros foliolosa, Wall. Valuable light-coloured wood. S. India. 
 Diospyros leucomelas, Poir. White wood with black lines. Mauritius. 
 Diospyros lancesefolia, Roxb. Hard and handsome wood. E. Indies. 
 Maba geminata, Br. Australia. 
 Royena lucida, L. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 Euclea racemosa, L. and E. undulata, Thunb. Cape of Good Hope. 
 In New Caledonia the species of Maba and Diospyros furnish excellent woods for 
 building. 
 
 Calamander or Coromandel wood, a finely variegated and scarce wood, is produced by 
 Diospyros qucesita, Thw. and by Diospyros oppositifolia, Thw. 
 
 Black dyes are obtained from Diospyros mollis in Burmah, according to the Rev. Dr. 
 Mason; and from Diospyros Cunalon, Alph. DC., according to Blanco. 
 
 Anchors for large boats are made, in the province of Tavoy id Burmah, of the wood 
 of Maba buxifolia, Pers. 
 
 Birds are said to die soon after eating the fruit of Diospyros toxicaria; and Diospyros 
 multiflora, Blum., Diospyros Ebenaster, Retz, Diospyros samoensis, A. Gray, and a Brazilian 
 species of Diospyros are fish-poisoners (see Allemao, Considera<joes sobre as plantas medicinaes 
 da flora Cearense, pp. 41, 43 [1862]). 
 
 A decoction of the bark of Diospyros Paralea, Steud. is valuable against fevers in 
 French Guiana; also in North America Diospyros virginiana, L. is used for a similar 
 purpose. 
 
 The juice of the fruit of Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. is very glutinous and charged 
 with tannic acid, and is used throughout South India for paying the seams of fishing boats 
 and for preserving fishing lines and nets. 
 
 The fresh wood of Diospyros Malacapai, Alph. DC. is said to keep off bugs (see Blanco, 
 "Flora de Filipinas," p. 303 [1837]). 
 
 A decoction of the leaves of Maba buxifolia, Pers. in Madagascar is employed in cases 
 of gastritis. 
 
 The fruits of the following species are edible. 
 
 Diospyros Kaki, Linn. fil. China, &c. 
 Diospyros virginiana, L. North America. 
 Diospyros Lotus, L. Asia. 
 Diospyros chloroxylon, Roxb. Circars, India. 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 31 
 
 Diospyros decandra, Lour. Cochin China. 
 
 Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb. S. India. 
 
 Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. S. India and Ceylon, &c. 
 
 Diospyros Ebenaster, Retz. Malaya, &c. 
 
 Diospyros Kirkii. East tropical Africa. 
 
 Diospyros Tupru, Buch. India. 
 
 Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. Tropical Africa. 
 
 Diospyros australis. Australia. 
 
 Diospyros batocana. Tropical Africa. 
 
 Diospyros tessellaria, Poir. Mauritius. 
 
 Maba major, Forst. Friendly Islands. 
 
 Euclea undulata, Thunb. South Africa. 
 
 &c. &c. 
 
 According to Dr Kirk near Victoria Falls in Tropical Africa the shrub Euclea divin- 
 orum is the medicine of the diviners, being rubbed in the hands. 
 
 GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 
 
 The head-quarters of this family is India where the species are numerous, but of the 
 five genera which compose the family only two (though these are the largest genera) 
 occur in the whole of the East Indian regions. Two genera are peculiar to the continent 
 of Africa, and one, a new monotypic genus, is peculiar to the island of Madagascar. 
 Not a single species is indigenous to Europe; one however is naturalized in the countries 
 bordering on the Mediterranean sea. 
 
 The majority of the species are confined to the tropical regions of both the eastern 
 and western hemispheres ; several species are found in the subtropical regions, especially of 
 South Africa; very few in temperate regions, and none in the colder regions of either 
 hemisphere. 
 
 A specimen, apparently belonging to a tropical species (Maba luxifolia, Pers.), is stated 
 to have been met with near the straits of Magellan ; but this is probably an error. 
 
 For the better comprehension of the distribution, I have given below lists of species 
 as they are known to occur in the different botanical regions into which the whole earth's 
 surface has been divided by Grisebach. 
 
 Arabia, New Zealand, Tasmania, Western Australia, and the district along the Andes in 
 South America are destitute of a single representative of the family. 
 
 Geographical distribution of Ebenacece with reference to Grisebach's regions. See 
 "Die Vegetation der Erde." 2 vols. 8vo. Leipzic, 1872, 
 
 I. Arctic flora. 0. 
 
 II. Forest region of the Eastern continent. 0. 
 
 III. Mediterranean region. Diospyros Lotus, L. (Naturalized.) 
 
 IV. Steppes region. Diospyros Lotus, L. 
 
 V. China, Japan region. Diospyros Lotus, L.; D. Kaki, L. f.; D. Morrisiana, Hance ; 
 
 D. eriantha, Champ.; D. vacdnioides, Lindl. 
 
'32 
 
 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 VI. Indian monsoon region. Diospyros, 86 sp. Maba, 19 sp. Centre for Ebenacece, &c. 
 " which have not a wide distribution beyond," II. p. 71. 
 
 VII. Sahara. 0. 
 
 VIII. Tropical Africa and Natal. Diospyros, 15 sp. ; Maba, 7 sp. ; JEuclea, 11 sp. ; Royena, 
 
 10 sp. 
 
 IX. Kalahari. Royena, 2 sp. ; Euclea, 5 sp. 
 X. Cape flora. Euclea, 14 sp. ; Royena, 8 sp. 
 
 XI. Australia. Maba, 10 sp. ; Diospyros, 6 sp. 
 
 XII. Forest region of the Western continent. Diospyros virginiana, L. 
 
 XIII. Prairie region. Diospyros texana, Scheele; Maba intricata. 
 
 XIV. Californian coast region. 0. 
 
 XV. Mexican region. Diospyros, 5 sp.; Maba, 3 sp. 
 
 XVI. West Indies. Diospyros, 3 sp. ; Maba, 3 sp. 
 
 XVII. South American region North of the Equator. Diospyros, 8 sp. ; Maba, 3 sp. 
 XVIII. Hylasa, region of equatorial Brazil. Diospyros, 8 sp. ; Maba, 2 sp. 
 
 XIX. Brazil. Diospyros, 11 sp.; Maba, 3 sp. 
 
 XX. Flora of the tropical Andes of South America. ? 
 
 XXI. Pampas region. 0. 
 
 XXII. Chilian transition region. 0? 
 
 XXIII. Antarctic forest region. ? 
 
 XXIV. Ocean Islands. Diospyros, 27 sp. ; Maba, 12 sp. ; Tetraclis, 1 sp. 
 1. Azores. 0. 2. Madeira. 0. 3. Canaries. 0. 
 
 5. Ascension. 0. 6. St Helena. 0. 
 
 7. Madagascar. Maba, 3 sp. ; Diospyros, 19 sp. ; Tetraclis, 1 sp. 
 
 8. Mascarene I. Diospyros, 6 sp. 
 
 9. Seychelles. Diospyros, 1 sp. ; Maba, 1 sp. 
 
 10. Sandwich I. Maba, 2 sp. 
 
 11. Fiji I. Maba, 2 sp. 
 
 12. New Caledonia. Diospyros, 3 sp. ; Maba, 7 sp. 
 
 13. Norfolk I. 0. 14. New Zealand. 0. 
 
 16. Juan Fernandez. 0. 17. Falkland I. 0. 18. 
 
 4. Cape Verd I. 0. 
 
 15. Galapagos. 
 Tristan da Cunha. 
 
 19. Kerguelens-land. 0. 
 
 LISTS OF SPECIES IN ABOVE-MENTIONED REGIONS. 
 
 VI. INDIAN MONSOON REGION. 
 Maba acuminata. Ceylon. 
 Maba oblongifolia. Ceylon. 
 Maba ovalifolia. Ceylon. 
 Maba nigrescens, Dalz. India. 
 Maba buxifolia, Pers. 
 Maba Andersoni, Soland. Tonga Islands. 
 Maba major, Forst. Tonga Islands. 
 Maba elliptica, Forst. Amboina and Cochin China, 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 33 
 
 Maba sumatrana, Miq. Java and Sumatra. Andaman Islands (?). 
 Maba micrantha. India. 
 Maba lamponga, Miq. Sumatra. 
 Maba merguensis. Mergui archipelago. 
 Maba confertiflora. Labuan. 
 Maba punctata. Borneo. 
 Maba Teijsmanni. Java. 
 Maba hermaphroditica, Zoll. Java. 
 Maba javanica, Zoll. Java. 
 Maba Maingayi. Malacca. 
 Maba Motleyi. Borneo. 
 
 Diospyros insignis, Thw. Ceylon and S. India. 
 Diospyros Tupru, Buch.-Ham. India. 
 Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb. India. 
 Diospyros decandra, Lour. Cochin China. 
 Diospyros affinis, Thw. Ceylon. 
 Diospyros crumenata, Thw. Ceylon. 
 Diospyros sylvatica> Roxb. India and Ceylon. Java (?). 
 Diospyros Kurzii. South Andaman. 
 Diospyros ehretioides, Wall. Tavoy, &c. 
 Diospyros hirsuta, Linn. fil. 
 Diospyros Korthalsiana. Borneo. 
 Diospyros oocarpa, Thw. India and Ceylon. 
 Diospyros truncata, Zoll. and Mor. Java. 
 Diospyros borneensis. Labuan. 
 Diospyros qusesita, Thw. Ceylon. 
 Diospyros Malacapai, Alph. DC. Philippine Islands. 
 Diospyros attenuata, Thw. Ceylon. 
 Diospyros acuta, Thw. Ceylon. 
 Diospyros Brandisiana, Kurz. Burmah. 
 Diospyros pruriens, Dalz. Bombay and Ceylon. 
 Diospyros apiculata. Penang. 
 Diospyros foliolosa, Wall. Madras. 
 Diospyros pilosula, Wall. Silbet. 
 'Diospyros paniculata, Dalz. Bombay. 
 Diospyros Horsfieldii. Malacca and Java. 
 Diospyros densiflora, Wall. Moolmyne and Amherst. 
 Diospyros oppositifolia, Thw. Ceylon. 
 Diospyros Carthei. Manila. 
 Diospyros polyalthioides, Korth. Borneo. 
 Diospyros octandra. Burmah and Pegu. 
 Diospyros stricta, Roxb. East Bengal. 
 Diospyros eriantha, Champ. Borneo and Sumatra. 
 Diospyros dasyphylla, Kurz. Burmah. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 5 
 
34 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Diospyros flavicans. Malacca, &c. 
 
 Diospyros aurea, Teijsm. et Binn. Java. 
 
 Diospyros nigricans, Wall. East Bengal. 
 
 Diospyros Ebenum, Kon. (Extensive range.) 
 
 Diospyros pellucida. Philippine Islands. 
 
 Diospyros maritima, Blum. Java, Celebes, Timor, Samoa Islands. 
 
 Diospyros philippinensis, Alph. DC. Philippine Islands. 
 
 Diospyros Gardneri, Thw. Ceylon. 
 
 Diospyros lancesefolia, Roxb. East Bengal. 
 
 Diospyros undulata, Wall. Malacca, Tavoy, &c. 
 
 Diospyros multiflora, Blanc. Philippine Islands. 
 
 Diospyros buxifolia. Malacca, Java, and S. Canara. 
 
 Diospyros montana, Roxb. (Extensive range.) 
 
 Diospyros Zollingeri. Java. 
 
 Diospyros Kaki, Linn. fil. Khasia. 
 
 Diospyros chartacea, Wall. Burmah. 
 
 Diospyros variegata, Kurz. Pegu. 
 
 Diospyros chloroxylon, Roxb. Bombay and Madras. 
 
 Diospyros cauliflora, Blum. Java. 
 
 Diospyros ramiflora, Wall. Bengal. 
 
 Diospyros Diepenhorstii, Miq. W. Sumatra. 
 
 Diospyros sumatrana, Miq. Sumatra and Borneo. 
 
 Diospyros pendula, Hasselt. Java. 
 
 Diospyros biflora, Blanc. Philippine Islands. 
 
 Diospyros macrophylla, Blum. Java. 
 
 Diospyros oleifolia, Wall. Amhert, Pegu, and Java. 
 
 Diospyros samoensis, A. Gr. Friendly Islands. 
 
 Diospyros ovalifolia, Wight. Ceylon and Madras. 
 
 Diospyros rhodocalyx. Kurz. Siam. 
 
 Diospyros frutescens, Blum. Java. 
 
 Diospyros perforata. Ceram I., Oceania. 
 
 Diospyros burmanica, Kurz. Pegu. 
 
 Diospyros oblonga, Wall. Penang and Singapore. 
 
 Diospyros Ebenaster, Ret/. Philippine Islands, Celebes, and Amboina. 
 
 Diospyros discolor, Willd. Philippine Islands, Malaya, &c. 
 
 Diospyros argentea, Griff. Malacca. 
 
 Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. (Extensive range.) 
 
 Diospyros vaccinioides, Lindl. Malacca, S. Andaman, &c. 
 
 Diospyros Cunalon, Alph. DC. Philippine Islands. 
 
 Diospyros dodecandra, Lour. Cochin China. 
 
 Diospyros Toposia, Ham. Bengal and Ceylon. 
 
 Diospyros cystopus, Miq. S. Sumatra. 
 
 Diospyros glauca, Rottl. Madras. 
 
 Diospyros grata, Wall. Nepal. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACILE. 35 
 
 Diospyros Hasseltii, Zoll. Java. 
 Diospyros Kuhlii, Zoll. Java. 
 Diospyros microcarpa, Span. Timor. 
 Diospyros orixensis, Wight. Courtallum. 
 Diospyros penduliflora, Zoll. Java. 
 Diospyros pilosa, Alph. DC. Cochin China. 
 Diospyros pilosanthera, Blanc. Philippine Islands. 
 Diospyros pyrrhocarpa, Miq. W. Sumatra. 
 Diospyros timoriana, Miq. Timor. 
 
 VIII. TROPICAL AFRICA. 
 
 Royena pallens, Thunb. Angola and Seshike, Manganja hills, &c. 
 
 Royena cistoides, Welw. Angola. 
 
 Euclea pseudebenus, E. Mey. Niger, Angola, &c. 
 
 Euclea fructuosa. Zambesia. 
 
 Euclea bilocularis. Zanzibar. 
 
 Euclea Kellau, Hochst. Abyssinia. 
 
 Euclea multiflora. Angola, &c. 
 
 Euclea divinorum. Victoria Falls (and Delagoa Bay). 
 
 Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. Benguela, &c. 
 
 Maba buxifolia, Pers. var. Guinea and Angola. 
 
 Maba lancea. Sierra Leone. 
 
 Maba Mannii. Niger. 
 
 Maba abyssinica. Abyssinia. 
 
 Maba quiloensis. Quiloa, Zanzibar coast. 
 
 Maba Mualala, Welw. Angola. 
 
 Diospyros Barteri. Niger. 
 
 Diospyros batocana. Zambesia. 
 
 Diospyros crassiflora. Old Calabar. 
 
 Diospyros Heudelotii. Senegal. 
 
 Diospyros Kirkii. Zambesia. 
 
 Diospyros Loureiriana, G. Don. Mozambique and Angola. 
 
 Diospyros Mannii. Niger. 
 
 Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. E. and W. tropical Africa. 
 
 Diospyros platyphylla, Welw. Angola. 
 
 Diospyros senensis, Kl. Mozambique. 
 
 Diospyros squarrosa, Kl. Mozambique. 
 
 Diospyros tricolor. Guinea. 
 
 Diospyros verrucosa. Zambesia. 
 
 Diospyros Dendo, Welw. Angola. 
 
 NATAL, DELAGOA BAY, &c. 
 
 Royena lucida, L. Royena scabrida, Harv. 
 
 Royena cordata, E. Mey. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 52 
 
36 
 
 MR HIEKN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 Royena hirsuta, L. 
 Boyena pallens, Thunb. 
 Royena parviflora. 
 Royena nitens, Harv. 
 Royena glandulosa, Harv. 
 Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 Euclea divinorum. 
 
 IX. 
 
 Royena hirsuta, L. 
 Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 Euclea pseudebenus, E. Mey. 
 Euclea tomentosa, E. Mey. 
 
 Euclea multiflora. 
 Euclea natalensis, Alph. DC. 
 Euclea daphnoides. 
 Euclea undulata, Thunb. 
 Euclea macrophylla, E. Mey. 
 Maba natalensis, Harv. 
 Diospyros rotundifolia. 
 
 KALAHARI. 
 
 Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 Euclea ovata, Burch. 
 Euclea undulata, Thunb. 
 
 X. 
 
 Royena lucida, L. 
 Royena cordata, E. Mey. 
 Royena villosa, L. 
 Royena hirsuta, L. 
 ? Royena sessilifolia. 
 Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 Royena ambigua, Vent. 
 Royena glabra, L. 
 Euclea polyandra, E. Mey. 
 Euclea tomentosa, E. Mey. 
 Euclea coriacea, Alph. DC. 
 
 CAPE FLORA. 
 Euclea 
 Euclea 
 Euclea 
 Euclea 
 Euclea 
 Euclea 
 Euclea 
 Euclea 
 Euclea 
 Euclea 
 Euclea 
 
 acutifolia, E. Mey. 
 lancea, Thunb. 
 pseudebenus, E. Mey. 
 linearis, Zeyh. 
 lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 ovata, Burch. 
 multiflora. 
 
 macrophylla, E. Mey. 
 daphnoides. 
 racemosa, L. 
 undulata, Thunb. 
 
 Maba hemicycloides, F. 
 Maba rufa, Labill. 
 Maba laurina, Br. 
 Cfr. Maba buxifolia, Pers. 
 Maba obovata, Br. 
 Maba geminata, Br. 
 Maba humilis, Br. 
 Maba reticulata, Br. 
 
 XI. AUSTRALIA. 
 Muell. Maba compacta, Br. 
 
 Maba fasciculosa, F. Muell. 
 Diospyros australis. 
 Diospyros hebecarpa, Cunn. 
 Diospyros maritima, Bl. 
 Diospyros montana, Roxb. 
 Diospyros mabacea. 
 Diospyros pentamera. 
 
 Maba albens. 
 Maba acapulcensis. 
 (?) Maba Pavonii. 
 Diospyros velutina. 
 
 XV. MEXICAN REGION. 
 
 Diospyros ciliata, Alph. DC. 
 Diospyros Ebenaster, Retz. (introduced?). 
 Diospyros texana, Scheele. 
 Diospyros cuneifolia. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 37 
 
 XVI. WEST INDIES. 
 
 Maba Grisebachii. Cuba. 
 
 Maba caribeea. 
 
 Maba inconstans. Griseb. 
 
 Diospyros tetrasperma, Sw. Jamaica, St Domingo and Cuba. 
 
 Diospyros halesioides, Griseb. Cuba. 
 
 Diospyros laurifolia, Rich. Cuba. 
 
 XVII. SOUTH AMERICAN REGION NORTH OF THE EQUATOR. 
 
 Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
 Maba cauliflora, Mart. Cayenne. 
 
 Maba Mellinoni. French Guiana. 
 
 Diospyros tetrandra. Guiana. 
 
 Diospyros velutina. New Granada. 
 
 Diospyros Sprucei. San Carlos, Columbia. 
 
 Diospyros cayennensis, Alph. DC. French Guiana. 
 
 Diospyros Paralea, Steud. Guiana. 
 
 Diospyros glomerata, Spruce. French Guiana. 
 
 Diospyros caprsefolia, Mart. Surinam. 
 
 Diospyros Goudotii. 
 
 Diospyros (?) xylopioides, Mart. Guiana. 
 
 XVIII. HYL.EA, REGION OF EQUATORIAL BRAZIL. 
 
 Maba myrmecocarpa. Diospyros polyandra, Spruce. 
 
 Maba myristicoides. Diospyros glomerata, Spruce. 
 
 Diospyros Poeppigiana, Alph. DC. Diospyros caprasfolia, Mart. 
 
 Diospyros emarginata. Diospyros artanthsefolia, Mart. 
 
 Diospyros subrotata. Diospyros Paralea, Steud. 
 
 XIX. BRAZIL. 
 
 Maba inconstans, Griseb. Diospyros ovalis. Pernambuco. 
 
 Maba sericea. Diospyros hispida, Alph. DC. 
 
 Maba Hilairei, sp. nov. Diospyros coccolobsefolia, Mart. 
 
 Diospyros velutina. Diospyros gaultherisefolia, Mart. 
 
 Diospyros spiuosa. Diospyros Weddellii. 
 
 Diospyros Ebenaster, Retz. (introduced ?). Diospyros capraefolia, Mart. 
 
 Diospyros discolor, Willd. (introduced ?). Diospyros apeibacarpos, Radd. 
 
38 
 
 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 g 
 
 QJ Co 
 
 "^ P- 
 
 1 & 8 
 
 J 
 
 .<a - 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 
 I 
 I I 
 
 o 
 
 fe. Si 
 
 m 
 
 .&> 
 
 CQ 
 
 ^ 
 
 f 
 
 CQ 
 
 I 
 
 
 3 .2 
 
 
 -a 
 
 60 
 
 11 
 
 o 
 pq 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a^ 
 
 CO 
 O CO 
 
 M l H g 
 
 Sfi 
 
 s 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 Lists arranged in Numerical Order of numbered Collections of Ebenacece made 
 by various principal -Botanical travellers. 
 
 For use with numbered sets of distributed or large collections of plants, I have drawn 
 up lists arranged in numerical order, so that in the case of any Ebenaceous plant belonging 
 to such collections the name of the species can be at once ascertained when the number 
 of the plant in the set is known. It will also give a direct view of the whole number of 
 species of the family obtained by each botanical traveller; and as travellers have in most 
 cases limited their journeys with respect to each set of plants to a particular region or 
 locality, it follows that such lists are calculated to throw much light on the geographical 
 distribution of the family. 
 
 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ENUMERATED COLLECTORS. 
 
 Atherstone, Cape of Good Hope and Namaqua- 
 
 land. 
 
 Barber, Borneo. 
 Barter, Niger. 
 
 Beccari, Keren, N.E. Tropical Africa. 
 Berlandier, Mexico. 
 Bernier, Madagascar. 
 Blanchet, Brazil. 
 Bolus, Cape of Good Hope. 
 Bonpland, Mexico and Guayaquil. 
 Botteri, Mexico. 
 Brown, Australia. 
 
 Burchell, Cape of Good Hope and Brazil. 
 Burton, Congo. 
 Chapelier, Madagascar. 
 Claussen, Brazil. 
 Cooper, Cape of Good Hope. 
 Cuming, Philippine Islands. 
 Cunningham, Australia. 
 Deplanche, New Caledonia. 
 Drege, Cape of Good Hope. 
 Drummond, North America. 
 Ecklon, Cape of Good Hope. 
 Forbes, Delagoa Bay, South Africa. 
 Galleotti, Mexico. 
 Gardner, Brazil and Ceylon. 
 Gerard, Natal and Madagascar. 
 Glaziou, Rio de Janeiro. 
 Goudot, New Granada and Madagascar. 
 Griffith and Heifer, East Indies. 
 
 Haenke, Mexico. 
 
 Harvey, Cape of Good Hope, Friendly Islands 
 
 and Australia. 
 
 Heifer (and Griffith), East Indies. 
 Heudelot, Senegambia. 
 Hillebrand, Sandwich Islands. 
 Hohenacker, Canara, India. 
 Horsfield, Java. 
 
 Hostmann, Surinam, South America. 
 Irvine, Abbeokuta, West tropical Africa. 
 Jenkins, Assam. 
 Junghuhn, Sumatra. 
 Kotschy, Sennar, East tropical Africa. 
 Krauss, South Africa and Natal. 
 Lindheimer, Texas. 
 M'Ken, Natal and Madagascar. 
 Mac Owan, Cape of Good Hope. 
 Maingay, Malay Peninsula: 
 Mann, Guinea. 
 March, Jamaica. 
 Miers, Brazil. 
 Motley, Borneo. 
 Niven, Cape of Good Hope. 
 Oldham, Japan and Formosa. 
 Pancher, New Caledonia. 
 Perville", Madagascar and Seychelles. 
 Ple"e, Martinique. 
 Poeppig, Brazil, &c. 
 Pohl, Brazil. 
 Regnell, Brazil. 
 
40 
 
 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Remy, Sandwich Islands. 
 
 Richard, Madagascar and Bourbon. 
 
 Ritchie, East India. 
 
 Rugel, Cuba. 
 
 Sagot, Cayenne. 
 
 Saint Hilaire, Brazil. 
 
 Sanderson, Cape of Good Hope and Natal. 
 
 Schimper, Abyssinia. 
 
 Schlim, New Granada. 
 
 Schomburgk, Siam and Guiana. 
 
 Schott, Brazil. 
 
 Schweinfurth, Gallabat, East tropical Africa. 
 
 Seemann, Fiji Islands and China. 
 
 Sello, Brazil. 
 
 Sieber, Cape of Good Hope and Mauritius. 
 
 Spruce, Brazil. 
 
 Thwaites, Ceylon. 
 
 Trecul, Texas. 
 
 Triana, New Granada. 
 
 Vieillard, New Caledonia. 
 
 Wallich, East India. 
 
 Wawra, Mexico. 
 
 Weddell, Brazil. 
 
 Welwitsch, Angola. 
 
 Wight, East India. 
 
 Wilford, China, &c. 
 
 Wright, China, Japan, Cape of Good Hope, 
 
 Cuba, &c. 
 
 Xantus, Lower California. 
 Zeyher, Cape of Good Hope. 
 Zollinger, Ja.va. 
 
 1828 1832. Wallich's NUMERICAL LIST OF EAST INDIA PLANTS. 
 
 No. 4115. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 montana. Roxb. 
 
 4116. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 cordifolia, Roxb. 
 
 4117. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 sylvatica, Roxb. 
 
 4118. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 chloroxylon, Roxb. 
 
 4119. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 ramiflora, Roxb. 
 
 4120. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 Ebenum, Konig. 
 
 4121. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 stricta, Roxb. 
 
 4122. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 lanceolata, Roxb. 
 
 4123. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 Embryopteris, Pers. 
 
 4124. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 oblonga, Wall. 
 
 4125. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 frondosa, Wall, (exclud- 
 
 
 ed). 
 
 
 4126. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 venosa, Wall, (excluded). 
 
 4127. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 lucida, Wall. 
 
 4128. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 oleifolia, Wall. 
 
 4129. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 acuminata, Wall, (ex- 
 
 
 eluded) 
 
 
 4130. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 vaccinioides, Lindl. 
 
 4131. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 discolor, Willd. 
 
 4132. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 pilosula, Wall. 
 
 4133. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 tomentosa, Roxb. 
 
 4134. 
 
 Diospyros 
 
 Roylii, Wall. 
 
 No. 4135. Diospyros chartacea, Wall. 
 
 4136. Diospyros undulata, Wall. 
 
 4137. Diospyros ehretioides, Wall, and 
 
 var. mollis, Wall. 
 
 4138. Diospyros heterophylla, Wall. 
 
 4139. Diospyros amoena, Wall. 
 
 4140. Diospyros densiflora, Wall. 
 
 4141. Diospyros macrophylla, Wall. 
 
 4142. Diospyros grata, Wall. 
 
 4143. Diospyros foliolosa, Wall. 
 
 4144. Diospyros multiflora, Wall. 
 
 4145. Maba buxifolia, Pers. 
 
 4406. Diospyros Wightiana, Wall. 
 
 4407. Diospyros dubia, Wall. 
 
 6350. Diospyros Sapota, Roxb. 
 
 6351. Diospyros nigricans, Wall. 
 7295. Diospyros flavicans. 
 7461. Maba buxifolia, Pers. 
 7535. Maba buxifolia, Pers. 
 
 9061. " Ebenacea" est Erycibe glomerata, 
 Wall, (excluded). 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 
 
 41 
 
 Thwaites. ENUMERATION OF 
 
 (The pages refer 
 
 No. 382. Diospyros hirsuta, Linn. fil. p. 181. 
 477. Maba buxifolia, Pers. p. 183. 
 
 1815. Diospyros ovalifolia, Wight, p. 181. 
 
 1816. Diospyros ovalifolia, Wight, pp. 
 
 459, 181. 
 
 1908. Diospyros Gardneri, Thw. p. 181. 
 
 1909. Diospyros cordifolia, Roxb. p. 178. 
 
 1910. Diospyros Embryopteris, Thw. 7. 
 
 nervosa. p. 178. 
 
 1911. Diospyros Toposia, Ham. p. 179. 
 
 1912. Diospyros Ebenum, Retz. p. 180. 
 
 1913. Diospyros Ebenum, Retz. p. 180. 
 
 1914. Diospyros oocarpa, Thw. p. 180. 
 
 1915. Diospyros Embryopteris,Pers.p.l78. 
 
 1916. Maba buxifolia, Pers. y9. micro- 
 
 phylla. p. 183. 
 
 1917. Maba buxifolia, Pers. B. angustifo- 
 
 lia. p. 183. 
 
 2437. Diospyros Ebenum, Retz. p. 180. 
 
 2438. Diospyros crumenata, Thw. p. 179. 
 
 2439. Diospyros Ebenum, Retz. p. 180. 
 2514. Diospyros Toposia, Ham. pp. 462, 
 
 179. 
 
 CEYLON PLANTS, 1858 1864. 
 
 to Dr Thwaites' book.) 
 No. 2533. Diospyros ovalifolia, Wight, p. 181. 
 
 2729. Diospyros sylvatica, Roxb. p. 178. 
 
 2730. Diospyros insignis, Thw. p. 180. 
 
 2731. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. ft. 
 
 atrata. p. 178. 
 
 2833. Diospyros Moonii, Thw. p. 182. 
 2836. Diospyros pruriens, Dalz. p. 423. 
 2924. Diospyros affinis, Thw. p. 179. 
 
 3010. Diospyros qusesita, Thw. p. 180. 
 
 3011. Diospyros oppositifolia, Thw. p. 181. 
 
 3394. Diospyros Candolleana, Wight, p. 
 
 181. 
 
 3395. Maba buxifolia, Pers. 7. Ebenus. 
 
 p. 183. 
 
 3396. Macreightia oblongifolia, Thw. p. 
 
 183. 
 
 3476. Diospyros acuta, Thw. p. 182. 
 
 3477. Diospyros insignis, Thw. p. 180. 
 
 3478. Diospyros attenuata, Thw. p. 182. 
 
 3717. Macreightia ovalifolia, Thw. p. 424. 
 
 3718. Macreightia acuminata, Thw. p. 
 
 424. 
 3774. Diospyros montana, Roxb. p. 423. 
 
 1862 3. KEW DISTRIBUTION. HB. GRIFFITH AND HELPER. EAST INDIES. 
 
 No. 423. Diospyros flavicans. No. 3629 
 
 454. Diospyros flavicans. 3630. 
 
 3616. Diospyros Lotus, L. 3631. 
 
 3617. Diospyros chloroxylon, Roxb. 3632. 
 
 3618. Maba merguensis, H. 3633. 
 
 3619. Diospyros undulata, Wall. 
 
 3621. Diospyros Ebenum, Konig. 3634. 
 
 3622. Diospyros Toposia, Hamilt. 3635. 
 
 3623. Diospyros flavicans. 3636. 
 
 3624. Diospyros stricta, Roxb. 3637. 
 
 3625. Diospyros argentea, Griff. 3638. 
 
 3626. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. 3639. 
 
 3626 (1). Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb. 3640. 
 
 3627. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. 3641. 
 
 3627 (1). Diospyros cordifolia, Roxb. 3643 
 
 3628. Diospyros nigricans, Wall. 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 
 
 (?) Diospyros undulata, Wall. 
 
 Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb. 
 
 Diospyros lanceajfolia, Roxb. 
 (?)Diospyros hirsuta, Linn. fil. 
 
 Diospyros Kaki, Linn. fil. Bootan 
 (cult.'). 
 
 Diospyros lancesefolia, Roxb. 
 
 Diospyros Ebenum, Konig, war. 
 
 Diospyros undulata, Wall. 
 
 Diospyros hirsuta, Linn. fil. 
 
 Diospyros octandra. 
 
 Diospyros flavicans. 
 (?) Diospyros flavicans. 
 
 Maba buxifolia, Pers. var. 
 
 Diospyros vaccinioides, Lindl. 
 
 6 
 
42 MR HIEKN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 1866 7. KEW DISTRIBUTION. HB. WIGHT. EAST INDIES. 
 
 No. 1711 bis. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. Ceylon. March, 1836. 
 
 1712. Diospyros chloroxylon, Roxb. 
 
 1713. Diospyros montana, Roxb. Courtallum. April, 1835. 
 
 1714. Diospyros Ebenum, Konig. Malacca. 
 
 1715. Diospyros hirsuta, Linn. fil. Dec. 1835. 
 
 1716. Diospyros auriculata, Wight. 
 
 1717. Diospyros montana, Roxb. 1835. 
 
 1718. Diospyros obovata, Wight (excluded). 
 
 1719. Diospyros chloroxylon, Roxb. 
 
 1720. Diospyros ovalifolia, Wight. Madras. 1836, 1845. 
 
 1721. Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb. 
 
 1722. Diospyros orixensis, Wight. 
 
 1723. Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb. Calicut. 1846. 
 
 1724. Diospyros montana, Roxb. 1849. 
 
 1725. Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb. 
 
 1726. Diospyros montana, Roxb. 1835. 
 
 1727. Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb. Subbulpore. 
 
 1728. Diospyros hirsuta, Linn. fil. Mangalore. March, 1852. 
 
 1729. Maba buxifolia, Pers. 
 
 1730. Maba buxifolia, Pers. B. 
 
 1731. Maba buxifolia, Pers. S. Courtallum and Coonmore. 1846. 
 
 DR MAINGAY'S MALAY PLANTS. 
 
 966. Diospyros buxifolia. Malacca. 
 
 967. Diospyros oblonga, Wall. Singapore. 
 
 968. Diospyros argentea, Griff. Malacca. 
 
 969. Diospyros hirsuta, Linn. fil. var. Malacca. 
 
 970. Diospyros sp. 
 
 970 (2). Diospyros discolor, Willd. Pulo Ticus. 
 
 971. Diospyros Ebenum, Konig, var. Malacca. 
 
 972. Diospyros flavicans. Malacca. 
 
 973. Diospyros hirsuta, Linn. fil. Malacca. 
 
 974. Diospyros undulata, Wall. Malacca. 
 
 975. Diospyros Ebenaster, Retz. Malacca (cult.}. 
 
 976. Maba Maingayi. Malacca. 
 
 977. Diospyros undulata, Wall. Malacca. 
 
 978. Diospyros sp. 
 
 979. Maba buxifolia, Pers. Malacca. 
 1514. Diospyros apiculata. Penang. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 HOHENACKER. 
 
 43 
 
 No. 389. Canara, India. 
 591. Canara, India. 
 869. Canara, India. 
 
 1849. Maba nigrescens, Dalz. 
 
 1847 (or 1849). Diospyros hirsuta, Linri. fil. 
 
 1851. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. 
 
 RITCHIE. 
 
 No. 85. Moollis, India. 1853. Maba nigrescens, Dalz. 
 
 96. Ram Ghaut and Phoondu Ghaut, India. 1850 3. 
 
 970. India. 1853. Diospyros montana, Roxb. 
 
 972. India. 1853. Diospyros montana, Roxb. 
 
 1108. Belgaum, India. Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb. 
 
 1240. India. 1853. Diospyros montana, Roxb. 
 
 1831. India. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. 
 
 1833. Bombay. Diospyros pruriens, Dalz. 
 
 1884. Canara, India. 1853. Diospyros paniculata, Dalz. 
 
 JENKINS. 
 
 277. Upper Assam. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. 
 Assam. (See under Diospyros Zollingeri.) 
 
 IRVINE. 
 No. 141. Abbeokuta. Diospyros senensis, Kl. 
 
 Diospyros hirsuta, Linn. fil. 
 
 KOTSCHY. 
 
 394. 
 470. 
 
 973. 
 974. 
 
 Sennar (18368). 
 Sennar (18368). 
 
 Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. 
 Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. 
 
 Gallabat. 
 Gallabat. 
 
 No. 290. Niger. 
 
 1208. Niger. 
 
 1220. Niger. 
 
 1334. Niger. 
 
 3250. Niger. 
 
 3251. Niger. 
 3390. Niger. 
 
 20194. Niger. 
 
 SCHWEINFURTH. 
 
 Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. 
 Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. 
 
 BARTER (18578). 
 
 Diospyros senensis, Klotsch. 
 Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. 
 Maba Mannii. 
 
 Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. 
 Diospyros senensis, Kl. 
 Diospyros senensis, Kl. 
 Diospyros senensis, Kl. 
 Diospyros Barteri. 
 
 62 
 
44 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 BURTON. 1863. 
 Congo. Diospyros Loureiriana, G. Don. 
 
 MANN. 1861. 
 No. 839. Bagroo river, West Tropical Africa. Maba Manuii. 
 
 924. Gaboon river, West Tropical Africa. Diospyros Mannii. 
 
 HEUDELOT. 1835 7. 
 638. Senegambia. Diospyros Hendelotii. 
 
 Senegambia. Diospyros senegalensis, Perrott. 
 
 BECCARI. 
 55. Keren. Upper Nubia or Abyssinia. 1870. Maba abyssinica. 
 
 SCHIMPEE. 
 
 Sect. i. No. 159. Abyssinia. 1837. Euclea Kellau, Hochst. 
 
 ii. 655. Abyssinia. 1840. Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. 
 
 ii. 1078. Abyssinia. 1838. Euclea Kellau, Hochst. 
 
 ii. 1243. Abyssinia. 1838. Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. 
 
 ii. 1527. Abyssinia. Euclea Kellau, Hochst. 
 
 iii. 1919. Abyssinia. 1842. Euclea Kellau, Hochst. 
 
 913. Abyssinia. 1852. Euclea Kellau, Hochst. 
 
 1080. Abyssinia. Maba abyssinica. 
 
 1334. Abyssinia. 1854. Maba abyssinica. 
 
 80. Abyssinia. 1862. Euclea Kellau, Hochst. 
 
 GERARD AND M'KEN. 
 
 No. 12. Natal. Royena cordata, E. Mey. 
 
 28. Madagascar. Maba buxifolia, Pers. var. 
 
 30. Natal. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 33. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 
 92. Natal. Euclea multiflora. 
 
 99. Natal. Royena cordata, E. Mey. 
 
 110. Natal. Maba natalensis, Harv. 
 
 129. Natal. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 190. ? Cfr. Diospyros toxicaria. 
 
 528. Natal. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 
 613. Natal. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 614. Natal. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 615. Natal. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 673. Natal. Euclea macrophylla, E. Mey. 
 675. Natal. Maba natalensis, Harv. 
 699. Natal. Euclea multiflora. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 45 
 
 No. 
 
 
 No. 1155. Natal. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 
 
 
 1156. Natal. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 
 
 
 1157. Natal. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 
 
 1158. Natal. Royena nitens, Harv. 
 
 
 
 1238. Natal. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 
 
 1506. Natal. Euclea daphnoides. 
 
 
 
 1604. Tugela. Cfr. Euclea macrophylla, E. Mey. 
 
 
 
 1605. Tugela. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 
 
 
 1607. Tugela. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 
 ""* 
 
 1608. Tugela. Royena cordata, E. Mey. 
 
 
 
 1609. Tugela. Royena scabrida, Harv. 
 
 
 
 1610. Tugela. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 
 
 1611. Tugela. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 
 
 2013. Natal. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 
 
 2015. Zulu-land. Royena parviflora. 
 
 
 
 COOPER. 
 
 
 1. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 1860. British Kaffraria. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 
 35. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 1860. British Kaffraria. Royena cordata, E. 
 
 Mey. 
 
 44. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 1860. Euclea multiflora. 
 
 
 186. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 1860. British Kaffraria. Royena cordata, E. 
 
 Mey. 
 
 212. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 1860. Queenstown. Royena hirsuta, L. 
 
 
 272. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 1860. Queenstown. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 
 306. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 1860. British Kaffraria. Royena cordata, E. 
 
 Mey. 
 
 408. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 1863. Eastern Frontier. Euclea undulata, Thunb. 
 
 418. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 1860. Queenstown. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 
 1062. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 1862. Orange Free State. Royena lucida, L. 
 
 1157. 
 
 Natal. 1862. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 
 1238. 
 
 Natal. 1862. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 
 1253. 
 
 Natal. 1862. Euclea multiflora. 
 
 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 1862. Royena lucida, L. 
 
 
 
 MAC OWAN. 
 
 
 269. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. Comm. 1867. Royena hirsuta, L. 
 
 
 309. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. Royena lucida, L. 
 
 
 429. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. Royena cordata, E. Mey. 
 
 
 516. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. Comm. 1865. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 
 527. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. Comm. 1867. Royena cordata, E. Mey. 
 
 
 902. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. Comm. 1867. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 
 
 1646. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. Comm. 1870. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. Comm. 1865. Euclea undulata, Thunb. 
 
 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. Euclea multiflora. 
 
 
46 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 NIVEN (17981803). 
 
 No. 46. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea pseudebenus, E. Mey. 
 
 47. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea polyandra, E. Mey. 
 
 48. Cape of Good Hope. Eoyena glabra, L. 
 
 51. Cape of Good Hope. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 53. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea polyandra, E. Mey. 
 
 SIEBEB. 
 
 94. Cape of Good Hope. 1824. Royena glabra, L. 
 Suppl. 29. Mauritius. Diospyros discolor, Willd. 
 
 ATHERSTONE. 
 
 2. Namaqualand. S. Africa. Euclea pseudebenus, E. Mey. 
 461. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea macrophylla, E. Mey. 
 
 HARVEY. 
 
 544. Cape of Good Hope. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 574. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea racemosa, L. 
 
 575. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 690. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 
 Friendly Islands. 1855. Diospyros samoensis, A. Gr. 
 New South Wales. Diospyros australis. 
 
 FORBES (1822 3). 
 
 34. Delagoa Bay. Diospyros rotundifolia. 
 56. Delagoa Bay. Euclea divinorum. 
 
 BOLUS. 
 638. Graaf Reinet. Euclea coriacea, Alph. DC. 
 
 767. 
 
 Cape 
 
 of 
 
 Good 
 
 ZEYHER (1840 ). 
 Hope. Euclea multiflora. 
 
 778. 
 
 Cape 
 
 of 
 
 Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 Euclea multiflora. 
 
 3348. 
 
 Cape 
 
 of 
 
 Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 Royena 
 
 pallens, Th. 
 
 3349. 
 
 Cape 
 
 of 
 
 Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 Royena 
 
 glabra, L. 
 
 3350. 
 
 Cape 
 
 of 
 
 Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 Royena 
 
 hirsuta, L. 
 
 3351. 
 
 Cape 
 
 of 
 
 Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 Royena 
 
 hirsuta, L. 
 
 3352. 
 
 Cape 
 
 of 
 
 Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 Royena 
 
 lucida, L. 
 
 3353. 
 
 Cape 
 
 of 
 
 Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 Royena 
 
 pallens, Th. 
 
 3354. 
 
 Cape 
 
 of 
 
 Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 Royena 
 
 pallens, Th. 
 
 3355. 
 
 Cape 
 
 of 
 
 Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 Euclea 
 
 lanceolata. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 47 
 
 No. 3356. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea racemosa, L. 
 
 3357. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 
 3358. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea undulata, Th. 
 
 3359. Cape of Good Hope. Cfr. Euclea lanceolata. Leaves wide. 
 
 3360. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea polyandra, E. Mey. or E. sp. 
 
 3361. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea multiflora. 
 
 3362. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea polyandra, E. Mey. 
 
 3363. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea polyandra, E. Mey. 
 
 3364. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea polyandra, E. Mey. 
 
 ECKLON AND ZETHER. 
 
 1123. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 
 1124. Cape of Good Hope. Cfr. Euclea undulata, Thunb. 
 
 1125. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea linearis, Zeyh. . 
 
 1126. Cape of Good Hope. Royena ambigua, Vent. 
 
 1127. Cape of Good Hope. Royena pallens, Th. 
 
 DEEGE (182634). 
 9140. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea coriacea, Alph. DC. 
 
 SANDERSON. 
 
 140. Cape of Good Hope. 1860. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 150. Natal. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 318. Cape of Good Hope. 1860. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 511. Cape of Good Hope. 1860. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 527. Natal. 1860. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 613. Natal. 1864. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 715. Natal. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 717. Natal. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 KRAUSS (1838 40). 
 
 226. Natal. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 423. S. Africa. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 472. Natal. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 482. Natal. Royena villosa, L. 
 
 1719. S. Africa. Royena hirsuta, L. 
 
 1721. S. Africa. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 S. Africa. Royena glabra, L. 
 
48 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 DR WELWITSCH, Angola, 18531860. 
 
 No. 1247. Pungo Andongo. Cfr. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 
 1255. Huilla. Cfr. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 1257. Huilla. Euclea mult : flora. 
 
 1258. Huilla. Euclea multiflora. 
 
 2527. Congo. Maba buxifolia, Pers. 7. Ebenus, Thw. 
 
 2528. Congo. Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. 
 
 2529. Golungo Alto. Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. 
 
 2530. Bumbo. Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. 
 
 2531. Pungo Andongo. Diospyros (?) platyphylla, Welw. 
 
 2532. Pungo Andongo. Royena cistoides, Welw. 
 
 2533. Huilla. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 2534. Huilla Royena pallens, Thuub. 
 
 2535. Golungo Alto. Diospyros Loureiriana, Don. 
 
 2536. I. St Thome". Ebenacea (?). 
 
 2537. Golungo Alto. Diospyros Dendo, Welw. 
 
 2538. Golungo Alto. Diospyros Dendo, Welw. 
 
 2539. Golungo Alto. Maba Mualala, Welw. 
 
 2540. Golungo Alto. Maba Mualala, Welw. 
 
 2541. Golungo Alto. Maba Mualala, Welw. 
 
 2542. Loanda. Maba Mualala, Welw. 
 
 2543. Mossamedes. Euclea pseudebenus, E. Mey. 
 
 2544. Mossamedes. Euclea pseudebenus, E. Mey. 
 
 2545. Benguela. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. a. 
 
 2546. Mossamedes. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. a. 
 
 2547. Mossamedes. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. a. 
 
 2548. Bumbo and Golungo Alto. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. a. 
 
 2549. Mumpulla, Huilla. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. a. 
 
 2550. Mumpulla, Huilla. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. /8. 
 
 2551. Huilla. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. /8. 
 
 2552. Huilla. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. /3. 
 
 2553. Huilla. Cfr. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 2555. Huilla. Euclea multiflora. 
 
 2557 Huilla. Euclea multiflora. 
 
 BURCHELL. ENUMERATION OF SOUTH AFRICAN PLANTS, DEC. 5, 1810 TO MARCH 30, 1815. 
 
 No. 2. Royena glabra, L. No. 1696. Royena hirsuta, L. (R. microphyl- 
 
 397. Euclea racemosa, Thunb. la, Burch.) 
 
 745 1. Royena pallens, Th. (cult.) 1706. Euclea ovata, Bureh. 
 
 807. Euclea racemosa, L. 1750. Royena pallens, Th. (R. decidua, 
 
 808. Royena glabra, L. Burch.) 
 
 987. ? Euclea tomentosa, E. Mey. 1792. Euclea undulata, Th. 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 No. 2162. Euclea undulata, Th. var. (E. myr- No. 4356. 
 
 tina, Burch.) 4501. 
 
 2371. Royena pallens, Th. (R. decidua, 4506. 
 
 Burch.) 4807. 
 
 24872. Euclea ovata, Burch. 4835. 
 
 2487 7. Euclea ovata, Burch. 4873. 
 
 2502. Royena hirsuta, L. (R. microphyl- 4880. 
 
 la, Burch.) 4898. 
 
 2542. Euclea ovata, Burch. 4907. 
 2573. Euclea undulata, Th. var. (E. myr- 
 
 tina, Burch.) 4909. 
 
 2920. Euclea ovata, Burch. 4938. 
 
 2930. Royena pallens, Th. 4998. 
 
 2943. Euclea undulata, Th. 5093. 
 
 3058 1. Euclea ovata, Burch. 5256. 
 
 30582. Euclea ovata, Burch. 5367. 
 
 3080. Royena pallens, Thunb. ex Harv. 5415. 
 
 (Sond.) mss. 5490. 
 
 3102. Euclea ovata, Burch. 5529. 
 
 3168. Euclea undulata, Th. 5632. 
 
 3219. Euclea racemosa, L. 5648. 
 
 3301. Royena pallens, Th. 5784. 
 
 3325. Royena pallens, Th. 6054. 
 3396. Royena pallens, Th. 
 
 3472. Royena pallens, Th. 6490. 
 
 3510. Euclea multiflora. 6788. 
 
 3572. Euclea multiflora. 6813. 
 
 3673. Royena villosa, L. (R. scandens ; 6941. 
 
 Burch. ms.) 7186. 
 
 3789. Royena pallens, Th. 7198. 
 
 3793. Royena villosa, L. (R. scandens, 7208. 
 
 Burch. ms.) 7288. 
 
 3806. Euclea racemosa, L. 7446. 
 
 3980. Euclea multiflora. 7531. 
 
 4166. Royena cordata, E. Mey. 7537. 
 
 4184. Royena pallens, Th. 8295. 
 4186. Royena cordata, E. Mey. 
 
 Euclea daphnoides. 
 
 Royena pallens, Th. 
 
 Royena villosa, L. 
 
 ? Euclea polyandra, E. Mey. 
 
 Euclea multiflora. 
 
 ? Euclea polyandra, E. Mey. 
 
 Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 
 Royena hirsuta, L. 
 
 Royena cordata, E. Mey. (R. su- 
 
 pracordata, Burch. ms.) 
 Euclea daphnoides. 
 Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 ? Euclea polyandra, E Mey. 
 Royena glabra, L. 
 Royena lucida, L. 
 Royena glabra, L. 
 Royena lucida, L. 
 Royena pallens, Th. 
 Royena pallens, Th. 
 Royena pallens, Th. 
 Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 Royena glabra, L. 
 ? Royena villosa, L. (Royena scan- 
 dens ? Burch. ms.) 
 Royena pallens, Th. 
 Royena glabra, L. 
 Royena pallens, Th. 
 Euclea polyandra, E. Mey. 
 Royena glabra, L. 
 Euclea undulata, Th. 
 Royena glabra, L. 
 Royena glabra, L. 
 Royena hirsuta, L. 
 Royena hirsuta, L. 
 Royena hirsuta, L. 
 Euclea racemosa, L. 
 
 BURCHELL. ENUMERATION OF BRAZILIAN PLANTS, April 10, 1828 Dec. 30, 1829. 
 
 6970. Maba sericea. 
 
 6986 2. Maba sericea. 
 
 6994. Diospyros hispida, Alph. DC. 
 
 7437. Diospyros hispida, Alph. DC. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 
 
 8396. Diospyros hispida, Alph. DC. 
 
 9275. Diospyros subrotata. 
 
 9923. Diospyros subrotata. 
 
 9952. Diospyros subrotata. 
 
 7 
 
50 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 PERVILLE' (183741). 
 
 No. 6. Madagascar. Tetraclis clusisefolia. 
 
 36. Seychelles. 1841. Maba Seychellarum. 
 
 275. Nossibe, Madagascar, 1841. Diospyros gracilipes. 
 
 439. Nossibe, Madagascar. Diospyros haplostylis, Boiv. 
 
 505. Nossibe, Madagascar. Diospyros haplostylis, Boiv. 
 
 525. Nossibe, Madagascar. 1841. Diospyros Pervillei. 
 
 640. Seychelles and Ambongo. 1841. Diospyros platycalyx. 
 
 700. Nossibe, Madagascar. 1841. Maba buxifolia, Pers. 
 Madagascar. 1841. Maba diffusa. 
 
 BEENIER, 1834 5. 
 
 112. Madagascar. 1834. Maba buxifolia, Pers. var. 
 
 113. Madagascar. Diospyros Bernieri. 
 
 RICHARD (ABOUT 1837). 
 36. Madagascar. Diospyros calophylla. 
 388. Madagascar. Tetraclis clusiasfolia. 
 
 Bourbon. Diospyros melanida ? Poir. 
 
 CHAPELIER. 
 
 82. Madagascar. Diospyros gracilipes. 
 
 Madagascar. Diospyros leucomelas, Poir. 
 Madagascar. Diospyros squamosa, Boj. 
 
 XAKTUS. 
 68. Lower California. Maba intricata. 
 
 HAENKE (17901817). 
 47. Mexico. Maba albens. 
 
 WAWRA. 
 
 168. Mexico. Maba albens. 
 
 226. Mexico. Cfr. Diospyros velutina. 
 
 249. Mexico. Cfr. Diospyros Ebenaster, Retz. 
 
 1029. Mexico. Diospyros Ebenaster, Retz. 
 
 BONPLAND (17991803). 
 
 3846. Guayaquil. Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 3984. Mexico. Cfr. Diospyros Ebenaster, Retz. 
 , Mexico. 1803. Maba acapulcensis. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 51 
 
 POHL (about 1817). 
 
 No. 455. Brazil. Diospyros coccolobaefolia, Mart. 
 1980. Brazil. Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 4568 (Schott). Brazil. Diospyros brasiliensis, Mart. 
 
 SELLO (1819). 
 
 1211. Brazil. Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
 1689. Brazil. Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
 2301. Brazil. Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
 Brazil. Maba capresefolia, Mart. 
 
 SCHOTT, 1817. Cfr. POHL. 
 
 BOTTEEI. 
 
 909. Mexico. 1855. Diospyros brasiliensis, Mart. 
 
 GALLEOTTI. 
 4609. Mexico. (1835 40). Diospyros brasiliensis, Mart. 
 
 WEDDELL. 
 
 577. Brazil. Diospyros Weddellii. 
 
 Brazil. (1843 4). Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
 REGNELL. 
 iii. 1516. Brazil (before 1843). Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
 CLAUSSEN (about 1812). 
 
 67. Brazil. Diospyros sericea, Alph. DC. 
 
 147. Brazil. Cfr. Diospyros velutina. 
 
 464. Brazil. Diospyros sericea, Alph. DC. ex Mart. 
 
 478. Brazil. Diospyros hispida, Alph. DC. 
 
 1062. Brazil. Diospyros sericea, Alph. DC. 
 
 1063. Brazil. Cfr. Diospyros velutina. 
 
 BERLANDIER, 1827 30. 
 3030. Mexico. Diospyros texana, Scheele. 
 
 TRECUL. 
 1249. Texas. Diospyros texana, Scheele. 
 
 72 
 
52 MR HIEKN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 DRUMMOND (1825 35). 
 
 No. 204 bis. N. America. Diospyros virginiana, L. 
 ii. 201. Texas. Diospyros texana, Scheele. 
 iii. 329. Texas. Diospyros texana, Scheele. 
 
 LlNDHEIMER (1843 ). 
 
 iii. 451. Texas. Diospyros texana, Scheele. 
 iii. 452. Texas. Diospyros texana, Scheele. 
 iii. 453. Texas. Diospyros texana, Scheele. 
 
 RUGEL. 
 662. Cuba. Maba caribjea. 
 
 PLE'E (18207). 
 762. Martinique. Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
 WRIGHT. 
 
 64. Hong Kong. Diospyros eriantha, Champ. 
 
 189. Loo Choo I. Cfr. Diospyros Lotus, L. and Diospyros maritima, Blum. 
 
 312. Hong Kong. Diospyros vaccinioides, Lindl. 
 
 313. Hong Kong. Diospyros Morrisiana, Hance. 
 
 348. Japan. Diospyros Kaki, L. f. Cuba. D. tetrasperma, Sw. 
 
 423. New Mexico. Diospyros texana, Scheele. 
 
 1331. Cuba. Maba caribaea. 
 
 2936. Cuba. Diospyros halesioides, Griseb. 
 
 2937. Cuba. Diospyros halesioides, Griseb. 
 
 2938. Cuba. Maba Grisebachii. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. Euclea racemosa, L. 
 
 
 
 SPRUCE. 1851 56. 
 
 1516. Brazil. 1851. Diospyros Paralea, Steud. 
 
 1528. Brazil. 1851. Diospyros polyandra, Spr. 
 
 1913. Brazil. 1851. Diospyros emarginata. 
 
 1938. Brazil. 1851. Diospyros Poppigiana, Alph. DC. 
 
 2542. Brazil. 1852. Maba myristicoides. 
 
 2635. Brazil. 1852. Diospyros Poppigiana, Alph. DC. 
 
 2701. Brazil. 1852. Diospyros glomerata, Spr. 
 
 3138. Columbia. 1853. Diospyros Sprucei. 
 
 3159. Brazil. 1853. Diospyros Paralea, Steud. 
 
 3166. Brazil. 1853. Diospyros polyandra, Spr. 
 
 4411. Peru. 1855 6. Diospyros peruviana. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 53 
 
 No. 1412. 
 1511. 
 1512. 
 2284 
 2813. 
 
 531. 
 
 532. 
 
 533. 
 
 GAKDNEB. 
 
 Brazil. 1838. Diospyros gaultherisefolia, Mart. 
 Brazil. 1838. Diospyros coccolobaefolia, Mart. 
 Brazil. 1838. Diospyros velutina. 
 Brazil. 1839. Diospyros velutina. 
 Brazil. 1839. Diospyros ovalis. 
 Ceylon. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. 
 Ceylon. Diospyros Gardneri, Thw. 
 Ceylon. Diospyros Toposia, Ham. 
 Mauritius. Diospyros nodosa, Poir. var. 
 Mauritius. Diospyros chrysophyllos, Poir. 
 
 SAGOT. 
 1253. Cayenne. 1859. Diospyros Paralea, Steud. 
 
 SCHOMBtTRGK. 
 
 115. Siam. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. 
 1492. British Guiana (1864). Diospyros Paralea, Steud. 
 
 HOSTMANN. 
 547. Surinam (1843). Diospyros Paralea, Steud. 
 
 MARCH. 
 1190. Jamaica. 1858. Diospyros tetrasperma, Sw. 
 
 POEPPIG (182732). 
 
 2266. Maynas. Diospyros artanthaefolia, Mart. 
 2639. Brazil. Diospyros Poppigiana, Alph. DC. 
 
 BLANCHET (before 1844). 
 
 1886. Brazil. Diospyros gaultherisefolia, Mart. 
 3358. Brazil. Diospyros sericea, Alph. DC. ex Mart. 
 
 SCHLIM (184652). 
 698. New Granada. Diospyros peruviana. 
 
 TRIANA. 
 
 2612. New Granada. Diospyros velutina. 
 
 2613. New Granada. Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
54 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^35. 
 
 GOUDOT. 
 
 No. 1. S. Martha. Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 3. New Granada. Diospyros Goudotii. 
 Madagascar. Diospyros leucocalyx. 
 
 GLAZIOU. 
 
 1560. Rio de Janeiro. Diospyros discolor, Willd. var. 
 
 1561. Rio de Janeiro. Diospyros discolor, Willd. var. 
 
 ST HILAIRE. 
 375. Brazil (181622). Maba Hilairei. 
 
 MIERS (18318). 
 3709. Brazil. Gfr. Diospyros velutina. 
 
 OLDHAM. 
 
 299. Formosa. 1864. Diospyros Kaki, L. f. var. 
 
 528. Japan. 1862. Diospyros Kaki, L. f. 
 
 529. Japan. 1862. Diospyros japonica, Sieb. et Zucc. 
 
 "WlLFORD. 
 
 423. China. 1858. Diospyros vaccinioides, Lindl. 
 756. Tsu-Sima I., Str. Corea. Diospyros Kaki, L. f. 
 Tsu-Sima L, Str. Corea. Diospyros Lotus, L. 
 
 A. CUNNINGHAM. 
 
 157. N. S. Wales. 1818. Diospyros australis. 
 
 284. Australia. 1818. . Diospyros cordifolia, Roxb. 
 
 306. Rodds Bay, Australia. 1819. Maba geminata, R. Br. 
 
 Australia, Queensland. Diospyros hebecarpa, A. Cunn. 
 
 Australia, Brisbane River. 1828. Diospyros pentamera. 
 
 HORSFIELD (Ebenaceae). 180218. 
 
 1. Java. Diospyros Horsfieldii. 
 
 2. Java. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. 
 
 3. Java. Cfr. Diospyros aurea, Teijsm. et Binn. 
 
 4. Java. Diospyros trancata, Zoll et Mor. 
 
 5. Java. Cfr. Diospyros maritima, Blume. 
 
 6. Java. Cfr. Diospyros aurea, Teijsm. et Binn. 
 
 7. Java. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. 
 
 8. Java. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 55 
 
 MOTLEY. 
 No. 7. Borneo (Labuan). Diospyros borneensis. 
 
 205. Borneo (Labuan). Maba confertiflora. 
 721. Borneo (18578). Maba Motleyi. 
 766. Borneo. Maba punctata. 
 
 ZOLLINGER (1841 ). 
 
 1156. Java. Diospyros truncata, Zoll. et Mor. 
 
 1516. Java. Diospyros frutescens, Blume. 
 
 1833. Java. Diospyros maritima, Blume. 
 
 2651. Java. Diospyros Zollingeri. 
 
 3247. Java. Diospyros buxifolia. 
 
 3438. Java. Diospyros buxifolia. 
 
 3467. Java. Maba hermaphroditica, Zoll. 
 
 3565. Java. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. 
 
 BARBER. 
 167. Borneo. Maba Motleyi. 
 
 JUNGHUHN (18356). 
 719. Sumatra. Maba sumatrana, Miq. 
 
 HlLLEBRAND. 
 
 273. Sandwich Islands. Maba sandwicensis, Alph. DC. 
 
 274. Sandwich Islands. Maba sandwicensis, Alph. DC. 
 Sandwich Islands. Maba Hillebrandii, Seem. 
 
 REMY. 
 
 470.(?)Sandwich Islands. Maba sandwicensis, Alph. DC. 
 
 472. Sandwich Islands. Maba Hillebrandii, Seem. 
 
 473. Sandwich Islands. Maba sandwicensis, Alph. DC. 
 
 SEEMANN. 
 
 295. Fiji Islands. 1860. ?Maba sandwicensis, Alph. DC. 
 2454. S. China. 1850. Diospyros vaccinioides, Lindl. 
 
 DEPLANCHE (1866 ). 
 
 31. I. Lifu, Oceania. Diospyros Olen. 
 
 48. New Caledonia. Maba fasciculosa, F. Muell. 
 
 206. New Caledonia. Maba fasciculosa, F. Muell. 
 
56 
 
 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 No. 311. New Caledonia. Maba ruminata. 
 
 312. New Caledonia. Maba rufa, Labill. var. 
 
 446. New Caledonia. Maba rufa, Labill. 
 
 448. New Caledonia. Maba Vieillardi. 
 
 449. New Caledonia. Maba Vieillardi. 
 
 No. 890. 
 
 891. 
 
 892. 
 
 893. 
 
 894. 
 
 895. 
 
 896. 
 
 897. 
 
 898. 
 
 899. 
 2864. 
 2869. 
 2872. 
 2873. 
 2876. 
 2877. 
 2880. 
 
 Kanala, New 
 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 New 
 
 No. 249. 
 251. 
 301. 
 
 VlEILLARD (185567). 
 
 Caledonia (1855 60). Diospyros macrocarpa. 
 Caledonia. Maba rufa, Labill. 
 Caledonia. Maba rufa, Labill. 
 Caledonia. Maba elliptica, Forst. 
 Caledonia. Maba rufa, Labill. 
 Caledonia. Maba rufa, Labill. var. 
 Caledonia. Maba rufa, Labill. 
 Caledonia. Maba Vieillardi. 
 Caledonia. Diospyros Ebenum, Krenig. 
 Caledonia (1855 60). Maba fasciculosa, F. Muell. 
 Caledonia (1861 6). Maba buxifolia, Pers. 
 
 Diospyros hebecarpa, Cunu. 
 
 Cfr. Maba rufa, Labill. 
 
 Maba buxifolia, Pers. 
 
 Maba revoluta, Vieill. 
 
 Cfr. Maba buxifolia, Pers. 
 
 Maba rufa, Labill. 
 
 Caledonia (18616). 
 Caledonia (18616). 
 Caledonia (18616). 
 Caledonia (18616). 
 Caledonia (18616). 
 Caledonia (18616). 
 
 New Caledonia. 
 New Caledonia. 
 New Caledonia. 
 New Caledonia. 
 New Caledonia. 
 
 PANCHER. 
 
 Maba buxifolia, Pers. var. 
 
 Diospyros macrocarpa. 
 
 Maba foliosa, Rich. 
 
 1862. Maba rufa, Labill. 
 
 Cfr. Diospyros Ebenum, Kosnig. 
 
 R. BROWN. AUSTRALIA. 1802 5. 
 
 Diospyros rugosula, R. Br. Carpentaria. Groote Island. Jan. 15, 1803. 
 
 Cargillia laxa, R. Br. Carpentaria. Jan. 4, 5, 1803. 
 
 Cargillia australis, R. Br. Port Jackson, &c. Nov. 1804. 
 
 Maba laurina, R. Br. Cumberland Islands. Oct. 17, 1802. 
 
 Maba obovata, R. Br. Carpentaria Islands, &c. Nov. 17, 18, 1802. 
 
 Maba humilis, R. Br. Broad Sound. Nov. 14, 1802. 
 
 Maba geminata, R. Br. Keppel Bay. August 10 12, 1802. 
 
 Maba littorea, R. Br. N. Coast Bay. March 36, 1803. 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^L 57 
 
 Maba reticulata, R. Br. Prince of "^ales Islands, &c. Nov. 2 4, 1802. Cumberland 
 
 Islands. Oct. 16, 17, 1802. 
 Maba compacta, R. Br. N. Coast Island. Feb. 18, 21, 1803. 
 
 CUMING (18369). 
 
 No. 1142. Philippine Islands. 1841. Diospyros philippinensis, Alph. DC. 
 
 1496) 
 
 r . Philippine Islands. Diospyros pellucida. 
 loOuj 
 
 1694. Philippine Islands. 1841. Maba Cumingiana, Alph. DC. 
 
 1829. Philippine Islands. 1841. Diospyros multiflora, Blanco, non Wall. 
 
 Description of the Family. 
 
 EBENACKE. Vent. Tabl. regn. veg. ii. p. 443 (excl. pier, gen.) ann. vii. (1799), 
 Juss. in Ann. Mus. v. p. 417 (part.) (ann. xiii. 1804), 
 Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. et Van Diem. p. 524 (1810), 
 Agardh, class, plant, p. 18 (part.) (1825), 
 Bartl. ord. nat. plant, p. 161 (1830), 
 Mart, conspect. regn. veg. p. 26 (1835), 
 Perleb, Clav. class, ord. et Fam. p. 24 (1838), 
 Endl. gen. plant, p. 741 (183640), 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. p. 209 (1844), 
 Lindl. Veget. kingd. edit. iii. p. 595 (1853), 
 Griseb. Grundr. syst. bot. p. 141 (1854), 
 Agardh, Theor. syst. plant, p. 128 t. x. fig. 1113 (1858), 
 Le Maout et Decaisne, Trait. Gen. bot. p. 222 (1868). 
 
 Vaccinia, sect. iii. (part.) Adans. fam. pL ii. p. 165 (1763) ; 
 
 Guaiacance, Juss. Gen. plant, p. 155 (excl. pier, gen.) (1789) ; 
 
 Bicornes, Giseke, Pnelect. p. 337 (part.) (1792) ; 
 
 Diospyri (part.), Trattiunick, gen. pi. meth. Nat. disp. p. 52 (1802) ; 
 
 Ebenacece, trib. I. Diospyrece, DC. et Dub. Bot. Gall. i. p. 320 (1828) ; 
 
 Sapotacece, c. Sapotece, bb. Mimusopece (part.), Reich. Pflanz. p. 38 (1834) ; 
 
 Ebenacece (part.) et Styracece (part), Meisn. gen. i. p. 250, ii. p. 159 (1836 43); 
 
 Ebenece, Horan. Tetract. Nat. p. 27 (1843) ; 
 
 Diospyracece, Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. p. 343 (1845). 
 
 EBENACE/E. 
 CHARACTER ORDINIS. 
 
 Flores scepius diced, rarius hermaphroditi vel polygami, dichlamydei, 3 7-meri. 
 
 Calyx inferior, synsepalus, persistens, in fructu scepe plus minus accretus. 
 
 Corolla sympetala, regularis, hypogyna, decidua; lobis in prafloratione sinistrorse contor- 
 tis, rarissime valvatis. 
 
 Flos masculus: stamina 3 oo , distincta vel geminata vel ad basim plus minus con- 
 nata, corolla lobis alterna vel alterna atque opposita, imo corollcs inserta vel hypogyna 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 8 
 
58 MB HIERN, ON EBENACR^. 
 
 vel partim corolld partim toro inserta. Antherse basi affixes, liberce, biloculares, scepius 
 lineari-lanceolatce et longitudinaliter dehiscentes ; connective apice seeping producto. Pollen 
 sphcericum vel ellipsoideum, Iceve. Ovarium scepius abortivum vel nullum. 
 
 Flos femineus : staminodia oo , scepius effceta, quam in mare scepius pauciora. Ova- 
 rium liberum, integrum, 2 16- loculare; loculis 1-, rarius 2- ovulatis. Ovula ex apice anguli 
 interioris pendula, anatropa, numero duplici stylorum vel styli loborum. Stigmata parva vel 
 paulim dilatata, emarginata. 
 
 Fructus baccatus, abortu scepe pauci-locularis et tune mono- vel oligo-spermus, carnosus 
 vel coriaceus. 
 
 Semina pendula, albuminosa, nervis depressis a basi ad apicem 2 vel 3 percursa; testd 
 Icevi, coriaced. 
 
 Albumen copiosum, cartilagineum, cequabile vel interdum ruminatum. 
 Embryo dicotyledonous, axilis vel paulo obliquus, semine dimidio vel dodrante cirdter 
 brevior, rectus vel leviter curvatus; radiculd superd, cylindricd ; cotyledonibus foliaceis, ovatis 
 vel lanceolatis, radiculam subcequantibus vel excedentibus. 
 
 Arbores vel frutices, ligno scepe denso gravi duro et interdum in centra nigro, succo non 
 lacteo, foliis alternis vel rarius suboppositis vel rarissime in tribus subverticillatis, simplidbus, 
 integerrimis, exstipulaceis, scepius coriaceis. Flores axillares vel laterales, cymosce vel solitarii, 
 albi carnei flavescentes vel virides nunquam ccerulei. 
 
 Trees or shrubs, never herbs, varying in height from a few inches to 100 feet or 
 more. Bark various, sometimes quite smooth as in several species of Eoyena and Euclea, 
 in other cases as in Diospyros virginiana deeply scored both longitudinally and transversely. 
 Wood hard, heavy and durable ; in several species, namely in those which supply ebony, 
 very dark or black in the centre and paler towards the circumference. Sap limpid, not 
 milky. Leaves in most cases alternate, often distichous or with an angular divergence 
 of |ths, rarely opposite or sub-opposite as in some species of Euclea and Diospyros, very 
 rarely verticillate in whorls of 3 as in a few species of Euclea; simple, quite entire, 
 rarely somewhat sinuous and in Euclea ovata minutely crenulate ; usually coriaceous and 
 opaque, less commonly membranous or pellucid-punctate ; in the majority of species elliptic 
 or oblong and often acuminate at apex ; midrib usually depressed on the upper surface, 
 secondary veins pinnately arranged usually remote arching within the margin and anastomosing ; 
 tertiary veins obscure or manifest, often transverse to the midrib, or in various directions; 
 petioles usually short, rarely long or obsolete. Leaves evergreen or deciduous, in most 
 cases pubescent at least when young, often shining on the upper surface. The general 
 appearance of the foliage places the family in that type of vegetation which Grisebach 
 names after the Bay-laurel. Inflorescence cymose, usually in the axils of the younger 
 leaves, sometimes with solitary flowers as in some species of the genus Diospyros in most 
 species of the genus Royena and in the female plants of many, other species of the 
 family; or occasionally lateral on the older branches as in Maba cauliflora, Diospyros 
 cauliflora, Diospyros ramiflora and Diospyros Diepenhorstii ; in most species more or less 
 pubescent or tomentose and often ferruginous. Bracts usually present, and in many cases 
 bracteoles also ; both of these organs are in most cases glabrous inside ; sometimes the 
 peduncle arises from a nest of imbricated bracts. Pedicels articulated at the apex to the 
 
MB HIEEN, ON EBENACE^E. 59 
 
 flowers. Cymes in most cases few-flowered in both sexes, especially in the female sex in 
 which the flowers are usually fewer or solitary. In those cases in which the flowers are 
 solitary, the presence of bracts on the peduncles or at their base often indicates the 
 tendency to a more numerously flowered cyme. In the genus Euclea the cymes are often 
 racemose. In some species of Diospyros the short cymes are arranged close together towards 
 the extremities of the branches and not in the axils of fully developed leaves, so that 
 the inflorescence puts on the appearance of being terminal, as for example in Diospyros 
 discolor. 
 
 Flowers in the great majority of species dioacious, but with an occasional tendency to 
 a polygamous condition, and in the genus Royena chiefly hermaphrodite ; nearly always 
 regular, 3-7-merous but usually tetramerous or pentamerous, in the genus Royena generally 
 pentamerous, in Euclea never trimerous, and in Mala mostly trimerous ; fragrant or without 
 scent. 
 
 In some cases that monstrous condition called phyllomania, in which imbricated bracts 
 take the place and give the appearance of flower-buds, is met with, as for example in 
 Diospyros flavicans and D. Zollingeri ; and D. platyphylla is at present known only in this 
 state. In other cases male flowers become double (flore plena] by conversion of stamens 
 into petaloid organs, as for instance in Maba lamponga. 
 
 Male flowers usually with a rudiment of an ovary which is hairy or glabrous in corre- 
 spondence with the hairy or glabrous ovary which is developed in the female plant of the 
 same species. Sometimes however in the male plant the ovary is completely obsolete and 
 the receptacle is the only representative of it. 
 
 Female flowers usually thicker than the male, and in most species furnished with sta- 
 minodes which however are commonly fewer in number than the stamens of the corre- 
 sponding male plant, or without staminodes as in the great majority of species of the genus 
 Euclea and in the section Ferreola of the genus Maba. 
 
 Calyx synsepalous (gamosepalous), inferior, lobed to various depths or indistinctly lobed 
 or even in a few species of Diospyros and Maba truncate and entire, and in D. Toposia 
 closed in (male) bud and bursting irregularly as the flower opens, persistent, commonly 
 campanulate and not reflexed in the flower, often accrescent and either erect or spreading 
 or reflexed and sometimes plicate in the fruit, in a few species as in Diospyros Ebenum 
 with an internal elevated rim at the top of the tube in fruit and the lobes spreading or 
 reflexed. Rarely the calyx is irregular, the lobing being chiefly on one side, as in Maba 
 ovalifolia. Calyx usually greenish and when hairy usually clothed with a shorter indumen- 
 tum than that of the corolla; as exceptional cases it is whitened inside in Diospyros gra- 
 cilipes, and violaceo-pruinose in the fruit of D. pruinosa. ^Estivation of calyx various, valvate 
 imbricated or contorted, and when contorted sinistrorsely so (as seen from inside). 
 
 Corolla sympetalous (gamopetalous), hypogynous, usually isomerous with the calyx, 
 lobed to various depths in different species, usually exceeding the calyx and often greatly 
 BO, hypocrateriform, tubular, campanulate, urceolate, globose or even rotate ; often hirsute 
 sericeous or otherwise pubescent, especially on the back of the lobes, but sometimes glabrous 
 outside, commonly glabrous inside, but in a few species hairy on both sides ; subcoriaceous 
 or fleshy; deciduous or occasionally marcescent and detached at the top of the fruit or 
 
 82 
 
60 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 
 
 rarely in a fragmentary state at its base; white, flesh-coloured, greenish, or yellow, never 
 blue ; lobes equal, obtuse or rounded or in some species acute, usually spreading or reflexed 
 in full flower, contorted sinistrorsely in aestivation as regarded from inside except Diospyros 
 oocarpa in which the aestivation is variously imbricated and except the new genus Tetraclis 
 in which the aestivation is valvate. 
 
 Stamens in male flowers all fertile, hypogynous or more commonly inserted at or near 
 the base of the corolla-tube or by exception about the middle of the corolla in Diospyros 
 Dendo and some at the middle of the corolla in D. Cunalon; often in two rows or com- 
 bined by their filaments in pairs or otherwise ; the inner ones usually shorter, or subequal ; 
 varying in number from 3 to about 100, the average or common number being 10 in 
 Royena, 16 in Euclea and Diospyros, 9 in Maba and 30 in Tetraclis; when equal in number 
 to the lobes of the corolla alternating with them. Anthers usually lanceolate linear or oblong, 
 hairy or glabrous, erect, attached by their base, free, 2-celled, dehiscing at their sides by 
 longitudinal slits or rarely by apical pores ; pollen globular or ellipsoidal, smooth ; connective 
 usually produced at the apex beyond the anthers, apiculate, often hairy; filaments usually 
 shorter than the anthers, glabrous or hairy, compressed or filiform. Staminodes in female 
 flowers without anthers or barren, often glabrous, sometimes absent. 
 
 Ovary in male flower abortive or absent ; in female flower free, sessile, subglobose ovoid 
 or conical (or " stipitato-constricted at base" in Diospyros Diepenhorstii), not lobed, syncarpous, 
 without a disk, hairy or glabrous, 2-16-celled, usually 3- or 6-celled in the genus Maba, 
 4-celled in Euclea, 4-, 6-, 8- or 10-celled in Royena, and 4-, 8- or 10-celled in Diospyros, 
 never with 5 or an odd number of cells except 3 ; cells 1-ovuled, or 2-ovuled in the section 
 Ferreola of Maba and in the section Cargillia of Diospyros; the septa however are some- 
 times incomplete, especially in the lower part, and the alternate ones, namely, those opposite 
 the styles or lobes of the style, are often thinner. Styles 1 5, distinct or connate at 
 the base ; stigmas often bifid at apex. Ovules pendulous from the inner side of the top 
 of the cell of the ovary, commonly twice as numerous as the styles or as the lobes of the 
 style, anatropal, oblong or ovoid ; raphe decurrent on the outer side to an inferior chalaza. 
 Fruit coriaceous or fleshy, tomentose pubescent glandular glabrate or glabrous, globular 
 ovoid oblong or conical (depressed in Diospyros apeibacarpos, compressed in D. dodecandra, 
 obconical in D. stricta), varying from | 3 in. in diameter, usually small in the genus 
 Euclea, of moderate size in Royena and Maba and rather large in Diospyros and Tetraclis; 
 in several species edible ; indehiscent or in a few species splitting in a valvate manner 
 from the apex ; with several or by abortion with few cells ; pericarp coriaceous or in the 
 edible species thin and membranoOs. 
 
 Seeds 1 10, pendulous, usually solitary in the cells of the fruit, usually oblong and 
 laterally compressed or when sole globose, marked externally with 2 or 3 depressed longi- 
 tudinal lines ; hile small ; testa smooth, thin or coriaceous ; albumen cartilaginous, abund- 
 ant, white, uniform or in some species ruminated by intrusion of the coriaceous testa or 
 obscurely striate in radiating lines in a' few species ; embryo axile or slightly oblique, 
 straight or somewhat curved especially in globular seeds, whitish, ^ f ths of the length of 
 the seed; cotyledons 2, equal, foliaceous, with or without veins, contiguous, ovate or lan- 
 ceolate ; radicle superior, cylindrical, not thick, \ f rds of the length of the embryo. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 61 
 
 The family as here presented contains 5 Genera, namely, 
 
 Royena 13 species, Diospyros about 160 species, 
 
 Euclea 19 species, Tetraclis 1 species; 
 
 Maba 56 species, 
 
 in all about 250 species; besides several fossil species that have been described as members 
 of the family. 
 
 EBENACE.E. 
 KEY TO THE GENERA. 
 
 Corolla with contorted aestivation. 
 
 Hermaphrodite or rarely sub-dioecious. Stamens in one row. I. ROYENA. 
 
 i . . 
 
 Dioecious or rarely polygamous. Stamens usually in 2 or more rows, often in pairs. 
 
 Calyx not accrescent. Staminodes usually absent from the 9 flower. 
 Ovary 4- (or very rarely 2- or 6-) celled. Inflorescence usually 
 racemose, rarely panicled. II. EuCLEA. 
 
 Calyx often accrescent. Staminodes usually present in the 9 flower, 
 
 except in the section Ferreola of MABA. Ovary usually 3-, 6-, or 
 
 8-celled, occasionally 4- or 10-16-celled. Inflorescence cymose or 
 1-flowered, not racemose. 
 
 Ovary 3- or 6-celled. Flowers usually trimerous. 
 
 in. MABA. 
 
 Ovary 4- or 8-1 6-celled. Flowers rarely trimerous. 
 
 IV. DIOSPYEOS. 
 
 Corolla with valvate aestivation. 
 
 V. TETRACLIS. 
 
 THE AFFINITIES OF EBENACRE. 
 
 The following families have the closest affinity to JEbenacece. 
 OlacinecB. 
 
 Points of approach : 
 
 Calyx often accrescent. Seeds usually pendulous ; albumen usually copious. Leaves 
 
 alternate or rarely opposite, simple, usually quite entire, exstipulate. 
 Points of departure: 
 
 Petals usually valvate in aestivation. Ovary usually 1 -celled. Stamens sometimes in 
 part sterile. 
 
62 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Styracece. 
 
 Points of approach: 
 
 Corolla sympetalous, with imbricated asstivation. Stamens definite or indefinite, 
 arising from the tube of the corolla, of unequal length. Ovary several-celled. 
 Leaves alternate, exstipulate, simple. Seeds albuminous with axile embryo. 
 Points of departure: 
 
 Filaments usually longer than the anthers. Ovary usually quite or partially infe- 
 rior. Flowers hermaphrodite. Leaves often serrulate. Ovules 2 oo in each 
 cell of the ovary. Albumen fleshy. 
 
 Anmacece. 
 
 Points of approach: 
 
 Flowers usually trimerous (as in Maba). Stamens often indefinite. Albumen copious, 
 ruminated (as in several Ebenacece). Leaves alternate, quite entire, exstipulate. 
 Pistil superior. 
 Points of departure: 
 
 Corolla apopetalous. Pistil usually apocarpous. Ovules erect. Embryo minute. 
 
 TernstrosmiacecB. 
 
 Points of approach : 
 
 Stamens oo or equal to or double of the number of the parts of the corolla, 
 hypogynous or inserted at the base of the corolla. Ovary usually free. Leaves 
 alternate or very rarely opposite, usually simple and exstipulate. 
 Points of departure: 
 
 Corolla usually apopetalous. Flowers usually hermaphrodite. Stamens not in pairs. 
 Fruits frequently many-seeded. 
 
 Sapotacece. 
 
 Points of approach: 
 
 Corolla sympetalous, deciduous, imbricated in aestivation. Ovary free, usually hairy. 
 Ovules solitary. Leaves alternate or very rarely subverticillate, quite entire, 
 shortly petioled, exstipulate. 
 Points of departure: 
 
 Sterile stamens usually present; fertile ones opposite the corolla-lobes. Testa of 
 the seeds bony or crustaceous, with a high polish, albumen wanting or fleshy 
 or oily. Radicle inferior. Flowers hermaphrodite. Sap milky. According to 
 Richard the suspension of the seed distinguishes Ebenacece from Sapotacece. 
 
 Ilicinete. 
 
 Points of approach: 
 
 Corolla sympetalous, imbricated in aestivation. Stamens inserted on the corolla. 
 Ovary superior ; ovules solitary, pendulous, anatropal. Albumen copious. Em- 
 bryo straight. Ptadicle superior. Leaves evergreen, alternate or opposite, cori- 
 aceous, simple, exstipulate. Flowers often unisexual. 
 Points of departure: 
 
 Filaments usually exceeding the anthers. Albumen fleshy. Embryo small. Stamens 
 equal in number to the parts of the flower. 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 63 
 
 The following natural orders also bear some affinity to EBENACEJE, but in a less degree 
 than the previously mentioned ones: 
 
 Ericaceae. Euphorbiacese. 
 
 Humiriacese. Laurineae. 
 
 Tiliacese. Myrsineae. 
 
 Bixineaa. Convolvulaceae (Erycibeae). 
 
 Magnoliaceae. Celastrineas. 
 
 Chailletiacese. Oleaceaa. 
 
 The accompanying plan is intended to set 'forth the affinities of Ebenacese (see Plate I.). 
 
 Mr Miers in " Contributions to Botany," Vol. I. p. 24, makes some pertinent remarks on 
 the affinities of EBENACESE. He questions their close alliance with STYRACE^E, compares 
 them with ANONACE^:, and considers that they ought rather to be arranged among the 
 polypetalous groups. There is no doubt that many South American species point plainly 
 to such a position (though I have always found the corolla to be sympetalous, even if its 
 partitions are only slightly connate at the base); but if it be necessary to choose between 
 a polypetalous and a gamopetalous position, I certainly prefer the latter. Indeed, several 
 species have the corolla lobed only near the apex, and the affinity to Sapotaceae (a gamo- 
 petalous family) is as close as to any other. Mr Miers seems to me to be quite right in 
 maintaining the affinity of the family to OLACINE^E. 
 
 Choisy, in his " Me'moires des Ternstroemiacese," p. 9 (1855) compares EBENACESE with 
 TERNSTROEMIACE^E and points out their proximity. 
 
 ON THE GENERA OF EBENACE^:. 
 
 The diagnostic characters of the genera of this family are not well defined ; indeed 
 it has been proposed to unite all into one genus. Two genera are endemic in Africa, 
 namely ROYENA and EUCLEA and are chiefly found at the Cape of Good Hope ; however 
 both genera enter Tropical Africa south of the Equator, and one species of EUCLEA occurs 
 in Abyssinia. One species each of DIOSPYROS and MABA occur in South-east Africa south 
 of the Tropic. 
 
 TETRACLIS has at present been detected only in the Island of Madagascar. 
 
 ROYENA is mainly characterized by its hermaphrodite solitary peduncled and drooping 
 flowers with the stamens in one row and comparatively small leaves ; but the flowers 
 are not always hermaphrodite, and hermaphrodite flowers occasionally occur in other genera 
 especially in EUCLEA and DIOSPYROS ; and the remaining characters occur in several 
 cases among the species of the other genera of the family, nor are they constant in the 
 genus Royena. The genus approaches the section Gunisanthus of DIOSPYROS, and D. Lou- 
 reiriana Don is closely allied to E. parviflora. 
 
 EUCLEA approaches ROYENA on one hand and DIOSPYROS on the other. The racemose 
 or cymose inflorescence and the dioecious flowers generally distinguish it from ROYENA ; 
 and its African habitat with small fruit and non-accrescent calyx help to separate it from 
 DIOSPYROS. 
 
 MABA in the majority of its species is remarkable for the trimerous symmetry of the 
 flower, and 3- or 6-celled ovary with 6 ovules. The flowers however are not always trime- 
 
64 MB HIEEN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 rous, and the section Trichanthera of MABA approaches closely the section Rospidios of 
 DIOSPYROS. The geographical distribution of the two genera is nearly identical and co- 
 extensive. MABA however is more frequent in New Caledonia and other islands in the 
 South Pacific Ocean as well as in Australia, and one species (M. buxifolia, Pers.) seems 
 to have the widest range of any species of the family. 
 
 The best character to distinguish MABA is its 3- or 6-celled ovary, but some spe- 
 cies both of EUCLEA and DIOSPYBOS occasionally, but not I think normally, possess this 
 peculiarity ; I have therefore made this the fundamental character of the genus, and feel 
 no doubt, notwithstanding certain cases of perplexing variability, that it is convenient 
 for the practical classification of the family to maintain the genus MABA. I have on the 
 other hand merged with it Alphonse De Candolle's genus Macreightia, Dalzell's genus 
 Holochilus (the only species however of which I have not seen), and Hasskarl's genus 
 Rhipidostigma, none of which three genera by such incorporation weakens the main cha- 
 racters of MABA. 
 
 DIOSPYROS being the largest genus, and indeed including the majority of the species 
 of the family, exhibits the greatest amount of variation, and possesses points of contact 
 with all the other genera. I have united with it the following genera, Cargillia R. Br., 
 Leucoxylum Blum., Noltia Schum., Gunisanthus Alph. DC., and Rospidios Alph. DC., inas- 
 much as I fail to find any good or even plausible ground for maintaining any separation 
 amongst them. Cargillia with two species (C. laxa and C. australis) was made a genus by 
 Robert Brown principally on account of having 2 ovules in each cell of a 4-celled ovary. 
 The former species often and so far as my observation goes always has an 8-celled ovary 
 with a solitary ovule in each cell, and it is identical with Diospyros maritima Blum. ; and 
 the second species (C. australis) has sometimes at least an imperfect septum, partially dividing 
 each cell of the 4-celled ovary. 
 
 Again in certain other species of Diospyros, the septa of the ovary when 8-celled are 
 alternately thinner, and are therefore difficult to discern ; so much so that Dr Solander in 
 his manuscript notes now in the British Museum described the immature fruit of D. chloro- 
 xylon as 4-celled with 2 seeds in each cell, although the ovary is really 8-celled. 
 
 In some cases in the lower part of the ovary the alternate septa are imperfect and do 
 not reach the axis, and therefore a transverse section across this portion would give a 
 4-celled ovary ; but in the middle part of the ovary the same septa are joined with the 
 axis, and a transverse section there would shew an 8-celled ovary. 
 
 Failing also to detect any peculiarity of habit to distinguish the genus Cargillia, I am 
 obliged notwithstanding the eminence and reputation of its inventor to treat it as a mere 
 section of DIOSPYROS. For a similar reason I consider Macreightia to be a section of 
 MABA. 
 
 The genus ROSPIDIOS was founded on the combination of a 3-celled ovary associated 
 with a tetramerous symmetry in the flower; but this observation was made on a cultivated 
 specimen, while the wild specimens since observed reveal an 8-celled ovary : the genus 
 therefore lapses into DIOSPYKOS ; the name however I have retained for a section of the latter 
 genus. 
 
MK HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 65 
 
 Several species of DIOSPTROS are remarkable for ruminated albumen in the seeds, and 
 I have employed this character for the purpose of separating such species as a section from 
 the remaining species of the genus. It must however be admitted that as the condition of 
 the albumen is unknown in many of the remaining species, it is quite possible and indeed 
 probable, that some of them will require when better known to be removed to this section. 
 In cases where the albumen has not been observed, I have, with the exception of 
 I). Kurzii which is evidently very near to D. sylvatica Roxb. and of D. decandra Lour., 
 considered for the purposes of classification the albumen to be equable. 
 
 The new genus which I call TETRACLIS differs from the rest of the family by a strictly 
 valvate aestivation of the corolla instead of a contorted one. In other respects its characters 
 do not substantially differ from DiGSPYROS. Mr Bentham's Brazilian genus BRACHYNEMA, 
 which he described as a doubtful member of this family, certainly differs remarkably from 
 it in habit, especially in respect of the foliage and fruit. The structure of the seed is 
 not clearly known, but seems to me not to agree with that of this family ; on the whole 
 it seems to shew an alliance with the family OLACINE^E rather than with EBENACE^E. 
 
 Again Zollinger's second genus DREBBELIA from Java, which was described as Ebenaceous, 
 seems to me to have characters absolutely accordant with the family OLACINE^;, and indeed 
 may even belong to OLAX itself. However, I have not seen a specimen and therefore 
 cannot speak with confidence about it. 
 
 There is in the Kew herbarium, collected by Mann (No. 1800), a specimen of a male 
 plant from Mount John river, West equatorial Africa, which probably belongs to a new genus 
 of Ebenaceae; but as the female plant is unknown to me I do not venture to publish it 
 with a new name. The characters are as follows : 
 
 Flares diced. Flores masculi 1 3-ni, siibsessiles, axillares. Bractece minutes. Calyx 
 inferior, 3 4>-fidus, campanulatus, parvus. Corolla monopetala, gracillime tubulosa, apice 
 3 k-loba; lobis patentibus, in prcefloratione sinistrorse contortis. Stamina 2 3, receptaculo 
 inserta ; filamentis brevibus hirsutis ; antheris linearibus, lateraliter bilocularibus, dorso 
 pubescentibus. Ovarii rudimentum nullum. Flores feminei et fructus ignoti. Arbor parva, 
 foliis simplicibus integerrimis distichis obliquis subsessilibus firmiter sub-membranaceis exsti- 
 pulaceis. Species unica, Africae occidentalis sequatorise incola. 
 
 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SPECIFIC NAMES. 
 
 At the time of the publication of the first edition of Linnaeus' "Species Plantarum," 
 in 1753, only 5 Ebenaceous species were known, 3 belonging to Royena and 2 to Diospyros. 
 The first species of Eudea was published in the 13th edition of the "Systema" of Linnaeus 
 in 1774, and the first species of Maba in 1776 by the two Forsters. 
 
 Loureiro in 1790 published several new species in his "Flora Cochinchinensis," but 
 most of them remain a puzzle to this day, as but few of his specimens have reached Euro- 
 pean botanists. 
 
 Several Indian species were described and figured by Roxburgh in the first volume of 
 his work on Coromandel plants published in 1795; Dr Koenig concurrently described some 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 9 
 
66 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 of them in the same work. In the "Encyclopaedia Me'thodique" Poiret published many new 
 species in 1804, chiefly from Mauritius, and in the following year Willdenow described others 
 in his edition of the " Species Plantarum." In 1810 Brown published his Australian Flora, 
 and in it several species of the genus Maba, the new genus Cargillia, &c. 
 
 In 1825-26 Blwne published some Javan species of Diospyros and a new genus Leu- 
 coxylum. 
 
 From 1828 to 1832 Wallich circulated the chief part of his lithographed list with spe- 
 cimens of East Indian plants, and amongst them a large number of Ebenacese chiefly be- 
 longing to the genus Diospyros. 
 
 In 1837 Blanco published his " Flora de Filipinas," which contained a few new names 
 of Ebenaceae ; also in the same year G. Don, in the 4th volume of his " General System of 
 Gardening and Botany," described all the species of Ebenacese known to him, including a 
 revision of the family; and E. Meyer published his catalogue of the plants of South Africa 
 collected by Drege, containing the names of several new species of Royena and Euclea, but 
 without descriptions. 
 
 In 1844 Alphonse De Candolle monographed the family in the " Prodromus " and added 
 many new species and the three new genera Chmisanthus, Rospidios, and Macreightia. In 
 the following year Alexander Braun published the first fossil species of the family. 
 
 The most important subsequent contributions to the family contain some plates of 
 Dr Wight in 1850; fossil species by Unger in 1850, 1851, 1866, 1867; some Indian species 
 by Dalzett in 1852 and 1861; Brazilian species by Martins and Miquel in 1856; Java and 
 Sumatra species by Zollinger, Miquel, Teijsmann, Hasskarl, &c.; Ceylon species by Dr Thwaites 
 in 1860 and 1864; fossil species by Ettingshausen, Heer, Massalongo, &c.; Mozambique species 
 by Klotzsch in 1862; Australian species by Dr F. Mueller and Mr Bentham in 1864 1869; 
 and Indian species by Major Beddome and Mr 8. Kurz in 1871. 
 
 In the present paper between 80 and 90 new species are described and 1 new genus. 
 
 In the subjoined chronological list of specific names each name is given only on the 
 first occasion of its publication, even though the same name may have been subsequently 
 published for a different species. 
 
 EBENACE.E. 
 Chronological List of published specific Names, with references and localities. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1753. Royena lucida, Linn. Spec. Plant, (vol. I.) p. 397. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1753. Royena glabra, Linn. Spec. Plant, (vol. I.) p. 397. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1753. Royena hirsuta, Linn. Spec. Plant, (vol. I.) p. 397. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1753. Diospyros Lotus, Linn. Spec. Plant, (vol. II.) p. 1057. Mediterranean region. 
 
 1753. Diospyros virginiana, Linn. Spec. Plant, (vol. n.) p. 1057. N. America. 
 
 1763. Diospyros inconstans, Jacq. Amer. p. 276. t. 174. f. 67. S. America. 
 
 1767. Royena villosa, Linn. Syst. Nat. edit. XII. vol. n. p. 302. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1768. Royena scabra, Burm. Prodr. Fl. Cap. p. 13. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1771. Vaccinium pensylvanicum, Miller, Gard. Diet. edit. VI. Cfr. Aiton, Hort. Kew. ed. II. 
 vol. III. p. 62 (1811). 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. - 67 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1774. Euclea racemosa, Linn. Syst. Veg. edit. xm. p. 747. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1775. Dactylus trapezuntinus, Forskal, Fl. ^Egypt. Arab. p. xxxvi. Constantinople. 
 
 1775. Paralea guyanensis, Aubl. Plant. Guin. vol. I. p. 576. t. 231. Guiana, S. America. 
 
 1776. Diospyros Ebenum, Koenig in Physiogr. Salsk. Handl. vol. I. p. 176. Ceylon. 
 1776. Maba elliptica, J. R. and G. Forst. Charact. Gen. PI. p. 122. Friendly Islands. 
 1781. Royena polyandra, Linn. fil. Supplem. p. 240. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1781. Diospyros Kaki, Linn. fil. Supplem. p. 439. China. 
 
 1781. Diospyros hirsuta, Linn. fil. Supplem. p. 440. E. Indies. 
 
 1783. Pisonia (?) buxifolia, Eottb. in Nye Saml. Kong. Danske Skrift, vol. II. p. 536. t. 4. f. 2. 
 Malabar. 
 
 1783. Diospyros glaberrima, Rottb. in Nye Saml. Kong. Danske Skrift. vol. II. p. 540. tab. v. 
 
 E. Indies. 
 
 1784. Euclea undulata, Thunb. Nov. Gen. PL (v) p. 86. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1786. Maba major, G. Forst. PI. escul. insul. Ocean. Austr. n. 21. p. 54. Friendly Islands. 
 
 1788. Embryopteris peregrina, Gaertn. Fruct. vol. I. p. 145. t. 29. E. Indies. 
 
 1788. Diospyros tetrasperma, Swartz Prodr. p. 62. W. India Islands. 
 
 1789. Cavanillea philippensis, Desrouss. in Encyl. Me"th. vol. ill. p. 663. Philippine Islands. 
 1789. Garcinia malabarica, Desrouss. in Encycl. Me"th. vol. in. p. 701. E. Indies. 
 
 1789. Diospyros Ebenaster, Retz. Observ. Bot. fasc. v. p. 31. n. 88. E. Indies. 
 
 1790. Diospyros lobata, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinchin. p. 227. Cochinchina. 
 1790. Diospyros decandra, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. p. 227. N. Cochinchina. 
 1790. Diospyros dodecandra, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. p. 228. Cochinchina. 
 1790. Ebenoxylum verum, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. p. 613. Cochinchina. 
 1790. Euclea pilosa, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. p. 629. Cochinchina. 
 
 1790. Euclea herbacea, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. p. 629. China. 
 
 1794. Diospyros concolor, Moench. Meth. p. 470. N. America. 
 
 1794. Royena pallens, Thunb. Prodr. Plant. Capens., pars prior, p. 80. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1794. Ehretia ferrea, Willd. Phytogr. I. p. 4. t. 2. f. 2. Malabar. 
 
 1795. Ferreola buxifolia, Roxb. Coromand. vol. I. p. 35. t. 45. Coromandel Coast. 
 1795. Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb. Coromand. vol. I. p. 36. t. 46. Coromandel Coast. 
 1795. Diospyros montana, Roxb. Coromand. vol. I. p. 37. t. 48. Coromandel Coast. 
 1795. Diospyros sylvatica, Roxb. Coromand. vol. I. p. 38. t. 47. Coromandel Coast. 
 1795. Diospyros chloroxylon, Roxb. Coromand. voL I. p. 38. t. 49. Coromandel Coast. 
 1795. Diospyros cordifolia, Roxb. Coromand. vol. I. p. 38. t. 50. Coromandel Coast. 
 1795. Embryopteris glutinifera, Roxb. Coromand. vol. I. p. 49. t. 70. Coromandel Coast. 
 1798. Diospyros obovata, Jacq. Hort. Schcenbr. vol. in. p. 34. t. 312. St Domingo. 
 
 1798. Diospyros digyna, Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. vol. in. p. 35. t. 313. I. Celebes. 
 
 1799. Royena angustifolia, Willd. Spec. Plant. II. p. 633. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1800. Euclea lancea, Thunb. Prodr. PI. Capens., pars posterior, p. 85. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1803. Diospyros glauca, Rottler in Gesellschaft Naturf. freunde zu Berlin. Neue Schriften. 
 
 vol. IV. p. 221. Madras. 
 
 1803. Diospyros ambigua, Vent. Malm. t. 17. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1803. Royena ambigua, Vent. Malm. n. 17. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 92 
 
68 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1804. Diospyros tessellaria, Poir. in Encycl. Me'th. vol. v. p. 430. Mauritius. 
 
 1804. Ebenus tessellaria, Commers. ex Poir. in Encycl. Me'th. vol. v. p. 430. Mauritius. 
 
 1804. Diospyros melanida, Poir. in Encycl. Me'th. vol. V. p. 431. Mauritius. 
 
 1804. Ebenus melanida, Commers. ex Poir. in Encycl. Me'th. voL V. p. 431. Mauritius. 
 
 1804. Diospyros leucomelas, Poir. in Encycl. Me'th. vol. V. p. 432. Mauritius. 
 
 1804. Ebenus leucomelas, Commers. ex Poir. in Encyclop. Me'th. vol. V. p. 432. Mauritius. 
 
 1804. Diospyros nodosa, Poir. in Encyclop. Me'th. vol. v. p. 432. Mauritius. 
 
 1804. Diospyros chrysophyllos, Poir. in Encyclop. Me'th. vol. v. p. 433. Mauritius. 
 
 1804. Diospyros angulata, Poir. in Encyclop. Me'th. vol. v. p. 434. Mauritius. 
 
 1804. Diospyros lanceolata, Poir. in Encyclop. Me'th. vol. V. p. 434. Madagascar. 
 
 1804. Diospyros revoluta, Poir. in Encyclop. Me'th. vol. v. p. 435. S, America. 
 
 1804. Diospyros tomentosa, Poir. in Encyclop. Me'th. vol. V. p. 436. Tranquebar, E. Indies. 
 
 1804. Royena cuneata, Poir. in Encyclop. Me'th. vol. vi. p. 322. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1805. Diospyros lycioides, Desf. in Annal. Mus. voL VI. p. 448. t. 62. f. 1. Cape of Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 1805. Diospyros Commersoni, Gaertn. fil. Carp. III. p. 136. t. 208. Madagascar. 
 
 1805. Diospyros rubra, Gaertn. fil. Carp. in. 138. Mauritius (?). 
 
 1805. Diospyros discolor, Willd. Spec. Plant, vol. IV. p. 1108. E. Indies. 
 
 1805. Diospyros reticulata, Willd. Spec. Plant, vol. IV. p. 1109. Mauritius. 
 
 1805. Diospyros orixensis, Klein ex Willd. Spec. Plant, vol. IV. p. 1110. E. Indies. 
 
 1805. Diospyros salicifolia, Humb. and Bonpl. ex Willd. Spec. Plant, vol. iv. p. 1112. S. 
 
 America. 
 
 1805. Diospyros obtusifolia, Humb. and Bonpl. ex Willd. Spec. Plant. IV. p. 1112. Mexico. 
 
 1807. Diospyros Tupru, Buchan. Journ. vol. I. p. 183. E. Indies. 
 
 1807. Maba buxifolia, Pers. Synops. Plant, vol. II. p. 606. E. Indies. 
 
 1807. Diospyros Embryopteris, Pers. Synops. Plant, vol. II. p. 624. E. Indies. 
 
 1807. Diospyros pubescens, Pers. Synops. Plant. voL II. p. 625. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1807. Diospyros guiacana, Rob. Voyages, vol. III. p. 417. Louisiana and Florida. 
 1800 1809. Annona microcarpa, Jacq. Fragm. Bot. p. 40. t. 44. f. 7. Australia. 
 
 1809. Royena pubescens, Willd. Berol. p. 457. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1810. Diospyros rugosula, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 526. Australia. 
 1810. Cargillia laxa, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 526. n. 1. Australia. 
 1810. Cargillia australis, R. Br. Prodr. FL Nov. Holl. p. 527. n. 2. Australia. 
 1810. Maba laurina, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 527. n. 1. Australia. 
 1810. Maba obovata, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 527. n. 2. Australia. 
 1810. Maba humilis, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. HolL p. 527. n. 3. 
 
 1810. Maba geminata, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 527. n. 4. Australia. 
 
 1810. Maba littorea, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 527, n. 5. Australia 
 
 1810. Maba reticulata, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 528. n. 6. Australia. 
 
 1810. Maba compacta, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 528. n. 7. Australia. 
 
 1813. Royena latifolia, Willd. Enum. PL Berol. Suppl. p. 23. 
 
 1813. Diospyros lancesefolia, Roxb. Catal. PL class. XIII. Polyandr. monog. Silhet. 
 
 1813. Diospyros stricta, Roxb. Catal. PL class, xin. Polyandr. monog. Tipperah, E. Indies. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. C9 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1813. Diospyros bracteata, Roxb. Catal. PL class, xm. Polyandr. monog. Dooab, E. Indies. 
 
 1814. Diospyros glutinosa, Roxb. Hort. Bengal, p. 40. India. 
 
 1814. Diospyros Sapota, Roxb. Hort. Bengal, p. 40. Mauritius [cult. ?] 
 1814. Diospyros Mabola, Roxb. Hort. Bengal, p. 40. Philippine Islands. 
 1814. Diospyros racemosa, Roxb. Hort. Bengal, p. 40. Tipperah, E. Indies. 
 1814. Diospyros ramiflora, Roxb. Hort. Bengal, p. 40. Tipperah, E. Indies. 
 1814. Ferriola buxifolia, Roxb. Hort. Bengal, p. 72. Coromandel. 
 1816. Diospyros sapotanigra, DC. Ess. Prop. Med. PL p. 200. Mexico. 
 
 1816. Royena lycioides, [Desf.] Cat. Hort. Paris, ex Poir. in Encyclop. Me"th. Suppl. vol. IV 
 
 p. 435. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1817. Monodora microcarpa, Dunal Monogr. Anonac. p. 80. Australia. 
 
 1817. Diospyros caroliniana, Muhlenb. ex Rafin. Florula Ludovic. p. 139. Mississippi. 
 
 1818. Diospyros acapulcensis, Kunth in Humb. and Bonpl. Nov. Gen. III. p. 254. Mexico. 
 1818. Diospyros psidioides, Kunth in Humb. and Bonpl. Nov. Gen. in. p. 254. S. America. 
 1818. Diospyros conduplicata, Kunth in Humb. and Bonpl. Nov. Gen. in. p. 254. S. America. 
 1820. Celastrus crispus, Thunb. Fl. Cap. edit. ii. vol. ii. p. 115. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1820. Diospyros apeibacarpos, Raddi, Quar. nuov. del Bras. p. 12. n. 10. Brazil. 
 
 1821. Diospyros rubiginosa, Roth, Nov. pi. sp. p. 385. E. Indies. 
 
 1821. Royena myrtifolia, Wendl. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. p. 705. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1822. Royena decidua, Burch. Trav. int. S. Afric. vol. I. p. 317. South Africa. 
 1822. Royena microphylla, Burch. Trav. int. S. Afric. vol. I. p. 348. South Africa. 
 
 1822. Euclea ovata, Burch. Trav. int. S. Afric. vol. I. p. 387. South Africa. 
 
 1823. Diospyros chinensis, Bluine, Cat. Hort. Buit. p. 110. China. 
 
 1823. Cavanillea Mabolo, Lamarck in Encyclop. Me'th. tab. 454. Philippine Islands. 
 
 1824. Maba rufa, Labill. Sert. Austr. Caled. p. 33. t. 36. New Caledonia. 
 
 1824. Euclea myrtina, Burch. Trav. int. S. Afric. vol. II. p. 588. South Africa. 
 
 1825. Maba Ebenus, Spreng. Syst. Veg. vol. n. p. 126. Molucca Islands. 
 1825. Diospyros vaccinioides, Lindl. in Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 139. China. 
 1825. Diospyros serrata, Hamilt. ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nep. p. 143. Nepal. 
 1825. Diospyros cerasifolia, D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal, p. 144. Nepal. 
 1825. Diospyros cauliflora, Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. p. 668. Java. 
 1825. Diospyros frutescens, Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. p. 668. Java. 
 1825. Diospyros maritima, Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. p. 669. Java. 
 
 1825. Diospyros macrophylla, Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. p. 670. Java. 
 
 1826. Leucoxylum buxifolium, Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. p. 1169. Java. 
 
 1827. Diospyros exculpta, Hamilt. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. xv. p. 110. E. Indies. 
 1827. Diospyros insculpta, Hamilt. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. xv. p. 112. E. Indies. 
 1827. Diospyros Toposia, Hamilt. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. xv. p. 115. Bengal. 
 1827. Noltia tricolor, Schum. and Thonn. Plant. Guin. p. 189. Guinea, Africa. 
 
 1827. Diospyros edulis, Lodd. ex Sweet. Hort. Brit. p. 270. E. Indies. 
 182832. Diospyros incisa, Hamilt. Hb. ex Wallich, list n. 4122 D. E. Indies. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros glutinifera, Hb. Madr. ex Wallich, list n. 4123 B. Quilon, E. Indies. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros oblonga, Wallich, list n. 4124. Penang, India. 
 
70 
 
 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros (?) frondosa, Wallich, list n. 4125. Penang, India. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros venosa, Wallich, list n. 4126. Penang, India. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros lucida, Wallich, list n. 4127. Singapore, India. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros oleifolia, Wallich, list n. 4128. Amherst, India. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros (?) acuminata, Wallich, list n. 4129. Singapore, India. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros Mabolo, Wallich, list n. 4131 A. 
 
 182832. Diospyros (?) pilosula, Wallich, list n. 4132. Sillet, India. 
 
 182832. Diospyros Roylii, Wallich, list n. 4134. India. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros (?) chartacea, Wallich, list n. 4135. Burmah, India. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros undulata, Wallich, list n. 4136. Amherst, India. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros ehretioides, Wallich, list n. 4137. Amherst, India. 
 
 182832. Diospyros heterophylla, Wallich, list n. 4138. Ava. 
 
 182832. Diospyros amoena, Wallich, list n. 4139. Sillet. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros densiflora, Wallich, list n. 4140. Moulmyne and Amherst. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros grata, Wallich, list n. 4142. Nepal. 
 
 182832. Diospyros (?) foliolosa, Wallich, list n. 4143. S. India. 
 
 1828 32. Diospyros multiflora, Wallich, list n. 4144. Sillet. 
 
 182832. Diospyros Wightiana, Wallich, list n. 4406. India. 
 
 182832. Diospyros dubia, Wallich, list n. 4407. India. 
 
 182832. Diospyros nigricans, Wallich, list n. 6351. Sillet. 
 
 182832. Guatteria (?) flavicans, Wallich, list n. 7295. Penang. 
 
 1832. Diospyros Schitze, Buiige, En. Chin. bor. n. 237. p. 42. N. China. 
 
 1834. Diospyros Persimon, Wikstr. Jahr. Schwed. 1830. pp. 92, 96. N. America. 
 
 1834. Diospyros punctata, Decaisne in N. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. vol. in. p. 407. Timor. 
 
 1834. Diospyros malabarica, Kosteletsky, Med. Pharmac. Flora (in.) p. 1099. India. 
 
 1835. Diospyros microcarpa, Spanoghe in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. vol. I. p. 348. Timor. 
 
 1835. Diospyros dioica, Spanoghe in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. vol. I. p. 348. Timor. 
 1835 36. Diospyros albens, Presl, Eeliq. Haenk. n. p. 62. Mexico. 
 
 1836. Diospyros angustifolia, Lodd. Cat. ex London, Arb. et Frut. Brit. II. p. 1197 
 
 (1838). N. America. 
 
 1836. Diospyros fertilis, Lodd. Cat. ex Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. n. p. 1197 (1838). 
 N. America. 
 
 1836. Diospyros ciliata, Rafin. New Flora and Bot. N. Amer. part in. p. 25. Florida, 
 
 .N. America. 
 
 1837. Diospyros biflora, Blanco, Fl. Filipin. p. 303. Philippine Islands. 
 1837. Diospyros pilosanthera, Blanco, Fl. Filipin. p. 304. Philippine Islands. 
 1837. Sapota nigra, Blanco, Fl. Filipin. p. 409. Philippine Islands. 
 
 1837. Diospyros pterocalyx, Bojer, Hort. Maurit. p. 200. Mauritius. 
 
 1837. Diospyros Loureiriana, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. vol. IV. p. 39. 
 
 Africa. 
 
 1837. Embryopteris gelatinifera, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. vol. IV. p. 41. 
 1837. Embryopteris discolor, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. voL IV. p. 41. 
 
 Islands. 
 
 E. Trop. 
 
 E. Indies. 
 Philippine 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 71 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1837. Embryopteris racemosa, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. vol. IV. p. 41. Sillet. 
 1837. Embryopteris Loureiriana, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. vol. iv. p. 41. Cochin China. 
 1837. Embryopteris Kaki, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. vol. iv. p. 41. Japan, China 
 
 and Cochin China. 
 1837. Diplonema elliptica, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. vol. iv. p. 42. Cape of 
 
 Good Hope. 
 1837. Diplonema ambigua, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. vol. rv. p. 42. Cape of 
 
 Good Hope. 
 
 1837. Maba(?) Ebenoxylon, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. 'and Bot. vol. iv. p. 43. Cochin China. 
 1837. Royena cordata, E. Meyer, Cat. PI. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1837. Royena brachiata, E. Meyer, Cat. PL Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1837. Royena cuneifolia, E. Meyer, Cat. PI. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1837. Royena rugosa, E. Meyer, Cat. PL Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg, p. 7. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1837. Euclea rufescens, E. Meyer, Cat. PL Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1837. Euclea macrophylla, E. Meyer, Cat. PL Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of 
 
 Good Hope. 
 
 1837. Euclea lanceolata, E. Meyer, Cat. PI. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1837. Euclea polyandra, E. Meyer, Cat. PL Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1837. Euclea tomentosa, E. Meyer, Cat. PL Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1837. Euclea acutifolia, E. Meyer, Cat. PL exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1837. Euclea rigida, E. Meyer, Cat. PI. exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1837. Euclea pseudebenus, E. Meyer, Cat. PL exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1837. Leucoxilon laurinum, E. Meyer, Cat. PL exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7. Cape of Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 1840. Myrsirue Kellau, Schimper in PL Abyss, exsicc. sect. I. n. 159. Abyssinia. 
 1840. Diospyros mollis, Wall, ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. edit. n. part 1. p. 514. Tavoy, E. Indies. 
 1840. Diospyros Paralea, Steud. Nomencl. Bot. edit. n. part. 1. p. 514. S. America. 
 1840. Diospyros phyllomegas, Steud. Nomencl. Bot. edit. n. part 1. p. 514. Java. 
 1840. Patonia Walkerii, Wight, Illustr. vol. I. p. 19. Ceylon. 
 
 1840. Diospyros calycina, Audib. Cat. Hort. Tonn. ex Spach, Hist. Vege't. ix. p. 405. 
 
 N. America. 
 
 1841. Royena media, Hort. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. edit. II. vol. II. p. 475. Cape of 
 
 Good Hope. 
 
 1841. Diospyros tetrandra, Spanoghe, Prodr. Fl. Timor, in Linnsea xv. p. 336. Timor. 
 
 1842. Kellaua Schimperi, Alph. DC. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. n. vol. xvill. p. 209. Abyssinia. 
 1842. Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. in PL Schimp. Abyss, exsicc. sect. II. nn. 655, 1243. 
 
 Abyssinia. 
 1842. Euclea Kellau, Hochst. in PL Schimp. Abyss, exsicc. sect. n. n 1078. Abyssinia. 
 
 1842. Diospyros intermedia, Hort. ex Loudon Enc. Tr. and Shr. p. 627. N. America. 
 
 1843. Royena rufescens, E. Meyer, Pflanzengeogr. Doc. Dreg. p. 154 in Flora, xxvi. ii. Cape 
 
 of Good Hope. 
 
 1843. Royena opaca, E. Meyer, Pflanzengeogr. Doc. Dreg. p. 217 in Flora, xxvi. ii. 
 Cape of Good Hope. 
 
72 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1843. Royena falcata, E. Meyer, Pflanzengeogr. Doc. Dreg, p. 217 in Flora, xxvi. ii. Cape 
 of Good Hope. 
 
 1843. Euclea ochrocarpa, E. Meyer, Pflanzengeogr. Doc. Dreg. p. 184 in Flora. XXVI. ii. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1844. Royena sericea, Bernh. in Flora, xxvn. ii. p. 824. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1844. Euclea Kraussiana, Bernh. in Flora, xxvu. ii. p. 824. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1844. Euclea ferruginea, Bernh. in Flora, xxvn. ii. p. 825. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1844. Royena ramulosa, E. Meyer ex Alph. DC. Prodr. viu. p. 212. n. 6. Cape of Good 
 
 Hope. 
 
 1844. Euclea elliptica, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. viu. p. 216. n. 1. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1844. Euclea Dregeana, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. viu. p. 216. n. 2. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1844. Euclea coriacea, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. VIII. p. 216. n. 4. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1844. Euclea natalensis, Alph. DC. Prodr. viu. p. 218. n. 10. Natal. 
 
 1844. Royena macrophylla, E. Meyer ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 218. n. 10. Natal. 
 
 1844. Diospyros (?) pilosa, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. VIII. p. 219. Cochinchina. 
 
 1844. Gunisanthus pilosulus, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. viu. p. 220. Sillet. 
 
 1844. Rospidios vaccinioides, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. VIU. p. 220. China and Malacca. 
 
 1844. Macreightia caribaea, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. viu. p. 221. n. 1. St Domingo. 
 
 1844. Macreightia albens, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vin. p. 221. n. 2. Mexico. 
 
 1844. Macreightia acapulcensis, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. VIII. p. 221. n. 3. Mexico. 
 
 1844. Macreightia psidioides, Alph. DG. Prodr. vol. viu. p. 221. n. 4? S. America. 
 
 1844. Macreightia conduplicata, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. viu. p. 221. n. 5. S. America. 
 
 1844. Macreightia inconstans, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 221. n. 6. New Granada. 
 
 1844. Macreightia Pavonii, Alph. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 222. n. 7. America. 
 
 1844. Diospyros cayennensis, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. VIII. p. 224. n. 8. Cayenne, &c. 
 
 1844. Danzleria axillaris, Bert, ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. VIII. p. 224. n. 8. Cayenne. 
 
 1844. Diospyros Pceppigiana, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 224. n. 9. Brazil? 
 
 1844. Diospyros mauritiana, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. VIII. p. 226. n. 15. Mauritius. 
 
 1844. Diospyros macrocalyx, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. VIII. p. 226, n. 17. Mauritius (or Bourbon ?). 
 
 1844. Diospyros capensis, Alph. DC. vol. vm. p. 226. n. 19. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1844. Diospyros membranacea, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 227. n. 20. Mauritius. 
 
 1844. Diospyros anonsefolia, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 227. n. 21. Mauritius (or Bourbon ?). 
 
 1844. Diospyros Neraudii, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 227. n. 23. Mauritius. 
 
 1844. -Diospyros philippinensis, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. VIII. p. 231. n. 43. Philippine Islands. 
 1844. Diospyros squamosa, Bojer ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. VIII. p. 232. n. 49 ? Madagascar. 
 1844. Diospyros laevis, Bojer ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 232. n. 50. Madagascar. 
 1844. Diospyros senegalensis, Perrottet ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 234. n. 59 ? 
 
 Senegambia. 
 
 1844. Diospyros Berterii, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 234. n. 61. New Granada. 
 1844. Diospyros citrifolia, Wallich ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 235. n 65. Burmah. 
 1844. Diospyros sericea, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 236. n. 67. Brazil. 
 1844. Diospyros hispida, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 236. n. 68? Brazil. 
 1844. Diospyros Boutoniana, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 236. n. 72. Mauritius (or Bourbon ?). 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 73 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1844. Diospyros Blancoi, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. VIII. p. 237. n. 74. Philippine Islands. 
 
 1844. Diospyros Malacapai, Alph. DC. Prodr. vill. p. 237. n. 75. Philippine Islands. 
 
 1844. Diospyros Canoraoi, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 237. n. 78. Philippine Islands. 
 
 1844. Diospyros (?) Cunalon, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 237. n. 79. Philippine Islands, 
 
 1844. Diospyros feminina, Haniilt. ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 238. n. 83. Nepal. 
 
 1844, Maba Cumingiana, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 241. n. 4. Philippine Islands. 
 
 1844. Maba madagascariensis, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vin. p. 241. n. 7. Madagascar. 
 
 1844. Maba guineensis, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 241. n. 8. Guinea, Africa. 
 
 1844. Maba Smeathmanni, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 241. n. 9. Sierra Leone. 
 
 1844. Maba sandwicensis, Alph. DC. Prodr. vol. vm. p. 242. n. 16. Sandwich Islands. 
 
 1844. Cargilia maritima, Hassk. Cat. PI. Hort. Bot. Bogor. n. p. 159. Java. 
 
 1845. Vaccinium fragrans, Wall, ex Voigt Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. p. 345. n. 13. China. 
 1845. Diospyros grandifolia, Wall, ex Voigt Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. p. 345. n. 18. Mauritius. 
 1845. Diospyros nigra, Blanc. Flora de Filipinas, edit. ii. p. 211. Philippine Islands. 
 
 1845. Diospyros brachysepala, Alex. Braun in Leonhard and Bronn, Neues Jahrb. Mineral. 
 
 p. 170. Germany. 
 
 1846. Diospyros japonica, Sieb. and Zucc. Fl. Jap. n. 12 in Abh. Bayer. Acad. IV. 3. p. 136. 
 
 n. 459. Japan. 
 
 1846. Diospyros truncata, Zoll. and Mor. in Mor. Syst. "Verz. Jav. Pflanzen. p. 43. Java. 
 
 1847. Brachycheila pubescens, Harv. ex Zeyh. in Linnsea xx. p. 192. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1847. Euclea pubescens, Eckl. and Zeyh. in Linnsea xx. p. 192. Cape of Good Hope. 
 1847. Euclea linearis, Zeyh. in Linnaea xx. p. 192. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1847. Euclea desertorum, Eckl. and Zeyh. in Linnaea xx. p. 192. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1847. Euclea humilis, Eckl. and Zeyh. in Linnsea xx. p. 192. Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 1848. Diospyros Umlovok, Griffith, Itinerary Notes, p. 355. India. 
 1848. Diospyros pendula, Hasselt ex Hassk. Plant. Javan. p. 468. Java. 
 1848. Diospyros hexasperma, Hasselt ex Hassk. Plant. Javan. p. 468. Java. 
 
 1848. Diospyros ferruginea, Spltgbr. in Vriese Ned. Kruidk. Arch. p. 327. Guiana. 
 
 1849. Euclea angustifolia, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. p. 441. W. Tropical Africa. 
 1849. Maba vaccinisefolia, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. p. 442. W. Tropical Africa, 
 
 1849. Diospyros texana, Scheele in Linnsea XXII. p. 145. Texas, N. America. 
 
 1850. Diospyros Candolleana, Wight, Icon. tt. 1221 2. India. 
 1850. Diospyros capitulata, Wight, Icon. tt. 1224, 1588 bis. India. 
 1850. Diospyros ovalifolia, Wight, Icon. t. 1227. Madras. 
 
 1850. Maba neilgherrensis, Wight, Ic. PL Ind. Or. nn. 1228 9. Neilgherries, India. 
 
 1850. Plumeria flos-Saturni, Unger, Gen. et Sp. PL Foss. p. 433. Croatia. 
 
 1850. Diospyros Wodani, Unger, Gen. et Sp. PI. Foss. p. 435. Croatia. 
 
 1850. Diospyros Auricula, Unger, Gen. et Sp. PL Foss. p. 436. Croatia. 
 
 1850. Diospyros Myosotis, Unger, Gen. et Sp. PL Foss. p. 436. Croatia. 
 
 1850. Anona Lignitum, Unger, Gen. et Sp. PL Foss. p. 441. Europe. 
 
 1850. Celastrus europsRus, Unger, Gen. et Sp. PL Foss. p. 459. Croatia. 
 
 1850. Tetrapteris Harpyiarum, Unger, Foss. Fl. Sotzka, p. 46. t. 29. ff. 9, 10. Europe. 
 
 1850. Getonia macroptera, Unger, Foss. Fl. Sotzka, p. 51. t. 33. ff. 6 8., Europe. 
 
 VOL. XII. PAET I. 10 
 
74 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1851. Diospyros amplexicaulis, Lindl. and Paxt. Fl. Card. vol. n. p. 11. n. 271. f. 139. 
 
 Mauritius. 
 
 1851. Diospyros Scheuzeri, Al. Br. ex Unger, Pflanzenwelt, p. 233. Europe. 
 
 1851. Diospyros lancifolia, Al. Br. ex Unger, Pflanzenwelt, p. 233. Europe. 
 
 1851. Diospyros pannonica, Ettingsk Foss. Fl. Wien, p. 19. t. III. f. 8. Austria. 
 
 1851. Diospyros hasringiana, Ettingsh. Tert. Fl. Haring. p. 61. t. 21. f. 26. t. 22. f. 11. Tyrol. 
 
 1851. Diospyros longifolia, Stizenberger, Verzeichniss, p. 83. Europe. 
 
 1852. Diospyros paniculata, Dalzell in Kew Journ. Bot. vol. rv. p. 109. Bombay. 
 1852. Diospyros pruriens, Dalzell in Kew Journ. Bot. vol. IV. p. 110. Bombay. 
 1852. Diospyros Goindu, Dalzell in Kew Journ. Bot. vol. IV. p. 111. India. 
 
 1852. Holochilus micranthus, Dalzell in Kew Journ. Bot. vol. IV. p. 291. Bombay. 
 
 1852. Diospyros eriantha, Champion in Kew Journ. Bot. vol. IV. p. 302. Hong Kong. 
 
 1852. Diospyros Morrisiana, Hance ex Walpers Annal. vol. in. p. 14. Hong Kong. 
 
 1854. Diospyros argenteus, Griffith, Notulse, vol. iv. p. 288. Malacca. 
 
 1854. Maba hermaphroditica, Zollinger, Syst. Verzeichniss Ind. Archip. p. 135. Java. 
 
 1854. Arbutus diospyrifolius, Massal. Lett. Scarab, p. 29. n. 203 in Ann. Sc. Nat. Bologn. Italy. 
 1845 55. Diospyros laurifolia, Rich. Fl. Cub. in Ramon de la Sagra, Hist, de Cuba, vol. xi. 
 
 p. 86. tab. 55 ex Walp. Ann. bot. Syst. vol. v. p. 480 (1858). 
 1851 5. Diospyros sumatrana, Miq. Plant. Jungh. vol. I. p. 203. Sumatra. 
 1851 5. Maba sumatrana, Miq. Plant. Jungh. vol. I. p. 204. Sumatra 
 
 1855. Diospyros aurea, Teijsm. and Binn. PI. n. h. Bogor. in Nederl. Kruidk. arch. III. p. 405. 
 
 Java. 
 1855. Diospyros laxa, Teijsm. and Binn. PL nov. hort. Bogor. in Nederl. Kruidk. arch. in. 
 
 p. 406. Java. 
 
 1855. Rhipidostigma Zollingeri, Hassk. Retzia, I. p. 104. Java. 
 1855. Rbipidostigma Teijsmanni, Hassk. Retzia, I. p. 106. Java. 
 
 1855. Getonia truncata, Goeppert, Tert. Fl. v. Schossnitz, p. 37. t. 25. f. 11. Silesia. 
 
 1856. Diospyros gaultheriaefolia, Mart. Fl. Brasil. Eben. p. 5. t. 2. f. 1. Brazil. 
 1856. Diospyros brasiliensis, Mart, Fl. Brasil. Eben. p. 5. t. 2. f. 2. Brazil. 
 1856. Diospyros coccolobasfolia, Mart. Fl. Brasil. Eben. p. 6. t. 1. f. 1. Brazil. 
 1856. Diospyros artanthasfolia, Mart. Fl. Brasil. Eben. p. 7. Brazil. 
 
 1856. Diospyros (?) myrmecocarpus, Mart. Fl. Brasil. Eben. p. 7. Brazil. 
 
 1856. Diospyros (?) xylopioides, Mart. Fl. Brasil. Eben. p. 8. Guiana, S. America. 
 
 1856. Macreightia obovata, Mart. Fl. Brasil. Eben. p. 9. t. 2. f. 3. Brazil. 
 
 1856. Diospyros timoriana, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. vol. II. p. 1045. Timor. 
 
 1857. Maba javanica, Zollinger, Obs. Bot. Nov. p. 14 in Natuurk. tydschr. Neerl. Ind. vol. xiv. 
 
 Java. 
 1857. Diospyros Kuhlii, Zollicger, Obs. Bot. Nov. p. 15 in Natuurk. tydschr. Neerl. Ind. vol. XIV. 
 
 Java. 
 1857. Diospyros penduliflora, Zoll. Obs. Bot. Nov. p. 15 in Natuurk. tydschr. Neerl. Ind. vol. 
 
 xiv. Java. 
 1857. Diospyros Hasseltii, Zollinger, Obs. Bot. Nov. p. 15 in Natuurk. tydschr. Neerl. Ind. 
 
 vol. xiv. Java. 
 
 or J -v'* 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 75 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1857. Drebbelia subarborescens, Zoll. .Obs. Bot. Nov. p. 16 in Natuurk. tydschr. Neerl. Ind. 
 xiv. Java. 
 
 1857. Brachynema ramiflorum, Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. xxil. (part ii.) p. 126. 
 
 t. 22. N. Brazil. 
 
 1858. Diospyros incerta, Massalongo, Synops. Fl. Foss. Senigall. p. 76. n. 197. Europe. 
 
 1859. Diospyros anceps, Heer, Fl. Tert. Helv. in. p. 12. t. en. ff. 15 18. Oeningen, &c., 
 
 Europe. 
 
 1859. Macreiglitia germanica, Heer, Fl. Tert. Helv. vol. nr. p. 13. t. cm. ff. 1, 2. Oeningen, 
 
 &c., Europe. 
 
 1859. Cassia phaseolites, Heer, Fl. Tert. Helv. vol. III. tab. 138. f. 2 (soluni). Europe. 
 
 1859. Diospyros laurina, Massalongo, Syllab. PL Foss. Tert. Venet. p. 77. Italy, Europe. 
 
 1859. Diospyros Weberii, Massal. Syllab. PI. Foss. Tert. Venet. p. 77. Italy. 
 
 1859. Macreightia italica, Massalongo, Syllab. PL Foss. Tert. Venet. p. 77. Italy, Europe. 
 
 1859. Macreightia (?) umbellata, Massal. Syllab. PL Foss. Tert. Venet. p. 77. Italy. 
 
 1860. Diospyros pyrrhocarpa, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. I. p. 583. .W. Sumatra. 
 1860. Diospyros Diepenhorstii, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. I. p. 583. W. Sumatra. 
 1860. Diospyros Teysmanni, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. I. p. 583. S. Sumatra. 
 1860. Diospyros (?) cystopus, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. I. p. 584. S. Sumatra. 
 1860. Maba (?) lamponga, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. I. p. 584. S. Sumatra. 
 1860. Diospyros crumenata, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PL p. 179. n. 5. Ceylon. 
 1860. Diospyros affinis, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PL p. 179. n. 6. Ceylon. 
 1860. Diospyros quaesita, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PL p. 179. n. 7. Ceylon. 
 1860. Diospyros oocarpa, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PL p. 180. n. 9. Ceylon. 
 1860. Diospyros insignis, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PL p. 180. n. 10. Ceylon. 
 1860. Diospyros oppositifolia, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PL p. 181. n. 11. Ceylon. 
 1860. Diospyros Gardneii, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PL p. 181. n. 12. Ceylon. 
 1860. Diospyros Moonii, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PL p. 182. n. 16. Ceylon. 
 1860. Diospyros acuta, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PL p. 182. n. 17. Ceylon. 
 1860. Diospyros attenuata, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PL p. 182. n. 18. Ceylon. 
 1860. Maba augustifolia, Miq. ex Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PL p. 183. Ceylon. 
 1860. Macreightia oblongifolia, Thwaites, Enurn. Ceylon PL p. 183. Ceylon. 
 
 1860. Diospyros vetusta, Giebel, Flora Braunkohl. in Zeitschrift, vol. xvi. p. 57. Prussia. 
 
 1861. Maba nigrescens, Dalzell in Dalz. and Gibs. Bomb. Fl. p. 142. Bombay. 
 
 1861. Macreightia intricata, A. Gray in Proceed. Amer. Acad. vol. V. p. 163. Lower Cali- 
 fornia.' 
 
 1861. Ebenacites rugosus, Saporta, Exam. Anal. Fl. Tert. Prov, p. 31. S. E. France. 
 
 1862. Diospyros samoensis, A. Gray in Proceed. Amer. Acad. vol. V. p. 326. Navigators' 
 
 Island. 
 
 1862. Maba foliosa, Rich, ex A. Gray in Proceed. Amer. Acad. vol. v. p. 326. Feejee Islands. 
 1862. Diospyros senensis, Klotzsch in Peters Mossamb. I. p. 183. Mozambique. 
 1862. Diospyros squarrosa, Klotzseh in Peters Mossamb. I. p. 184. Mozambique. 
 1862. Diospyros bicolor, Klotzsch in Peters Mossamb. I. p. 184; Mozambique. 
 1862. Diospyros Waldemarii, Klotzsch in Prinz. Waldem. Preuss. p. 101. t. 55. India. 
 
 102 
 
76 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1862. Diospyros rugosa, Saporta in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. IV. vol. XVII. p. 264. t. 11. f. 3. S. E. 
 
 France. 
 
 1863. Maba natalensis, Harvey, Thes. Capens. vol. n. 7. Natal. 
 
 1864 Maba inconstans, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 404. Tropical America. 
 
 1864. Diospyros Arnottiana, Miq. ex Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PI. p. 423. E. Indies. 
 1864. Macreightia ovalifolia, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PI. p. 424. n. 2. Ceylon. 
 1864. Macreightia acuminata, Thwaites, Enum. Ceylon PI. p. 424. n. 3. Ceylon. 
 
 1864. Cargillia pentamera, Woolls and F. MuelL in F. Muell. Fragm. iv. p. 82. Australia. 
 
 1865. Diospyros varians, Saporta in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. V. voL in. p. 111. t. iv. f. 14, t. vi. 
 
 f. 4. S. E. France. 
 
 1866. Diospyros halesioides, Griseb. Cat. PL Cubens. p. 168. Cuba. 
 1866. Macreightia buxifolia, Griseb. Cat. PL Cubens. p. 169. E. Cuba, 
 1866. Cargillia mabacea, F. Muell. Fragm. v. p. 162. Australia. 
 1866. Maba quadridentata, F. Muell. Fragm. V. p. 162. Australia. 
 1866. Maba Cargillia, F. Muell. Fragm. V. p. 162. Australia. 
 
 1866. Maba pentamera, F. Muell. Fragm. v. p. 163. Australia. 
 
 1866. Cargillia megalocarpa, F. Muell. Fragm. v. p. 163. Australia. 
 
 1866. Maba megalocarpa, F. Muell. Fragm. V. p. 163. Australia, 
 
 1866. Maba interstans, F. Muell. Fragm. v. p. 163. Australia. 
 
 1866. Maba fasciculosa, F. Muell. Fragm. v. p. 163. Australia. 
 
 1866. Maba cupulosa, F. Muell. Fragm. v. p. 164. Australia. 
 
 1866. Maba sericocarpa, F. Muell. Fragm. V. p. 164. Australia. 
 
 1866. Maba Hillebrandii, Seem. Fl. Vit. p. 151. Sandwich Islands. 
 
 1866. Maba Andersoni, [Solamler] ex Seem. Fl. Vit p. 152. Tonga Islands. 
 
 1866. Euclea miocenica, linger, Syll. PL Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. xxv. p. 25. t. viii. f. 8. 
 
 Croatia. 
 1866. Euclea Apollinis, Unger, Syll. PL Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. xxv. p. 26. t. viii. f. 10. 
 
 Croatia. 
 1866. Rhododendron Apollinis, Ettingsh. ex Ung. Syll. PI. Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. xxv. 
 
 p. 26. Croatia. 
 1866. Diospyros Zollikoferi, Unger, Syll. PL Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. XXV. p. 27. t. ix. 
 
 f. 6. Styria. 
 1866. Diospyros obliqua, Unger, Syll. PL Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. xxv. p. 29. t. ix. f. 17. 
 
 jCroatia. 
 1866. Diospyros Royena, Unger, Syll. PL Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. xxv. p. 29. t. ix. 
 
 ff. 18, 19. Croatia. 
 1866. Diospyros Parthenon, Unger, Syll. PL Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. xxv. p. 29. t. ix. 
 
 f. 8. Europe. 
 1866. Diospyros Lignitum, Unger, Syll. PL Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. xxv. p. 30. t. ix. 
 
 f. 9. Europe. 
 
 1866. Diospyros lotoides, Unger, Syll. PL Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. XXV. p. 30. t. x. 
 
 ff. 112. Europe. 
 
 1867. Diospyros assimilis, Bedd. Rep. Ind. For. Madr. p. 20. "t. i." S. Canara, India. 
 
MR HIEKN, ON EBENACE^E. 77 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1867. Diospyros mabacea, F. Muell. Austral. Veg. in Intercolonial Exhibition Essays, 1866 67. 
 
 p. 35. East Australia. 
 
 1867. Diospyros megalocarpa, F. Muell. loc. cit. p. 35. North Australia. 
 1867. Diospyros fasciculosa, F. Muell. loc. cit. p. 35. East Australia. 
 1867. Diospyros cupulosa, F. Muell. loc. cit. p. 35. Queensland. 
 1867. Diospyros sericocarpa, F. Muell. loc. cit. p. 35. Queensland. 
 1867. Diospyros Cargillia, F. Muell. loc. cit. p. 35. East Australia. 
 
 1867. Diospyros pentamera, Woolls and F. Muell. ex F. Muell. loc. cit. p. 35. East Australia. 
 1867. Diospyros humilis, F. Muell. loc. cit. p. 35. Queensland and North Australia. 
 1867. Diospyros geminata, F. Muell. loc. cit. p. 35. Queensland. 
 
 1867. Euclea relicta, Unger, Foss. Fl. Eub. in Denkschrift. xxvu. p. 68. t. xi. f. 39. Negropont. 
 1867. Royena grasca, Unger, Foss. FL Eub. in Denkschrift. xxvil. p. 68. t. xi. ff. 40 51. 
 
 Negropont. 
 1867. Royena Amaltheaa, Unger, Foss. Fl. Eub. in Denkschrift. xxvu. p. 69. t. xiv. f. 1. 
 
 Negropont. 
 1867. Royena Euboea, Unger, Foss. FL Eub. in Denkschrift. xxvn. p. 69. t, xiv. ff. 24- 
 
 Negropont. 
 1867. Royena Myosotis, Unger, Foss. Fl. Eub. in Denkschrift. xxvn. p. 69. t. xiv. ff. 5 8. 
 
 Negropont. 
 
 1867. Royena Pentelici, Unger, Foss. FL Eub. in Denkschrift. xxvu. p. 70. t. xiv. f. J. 
 
 Negropont. 
 
 1868. Diospyros Loveni, Heer, Fl. Foss. Arct. p. 118. t. vii. ff. 7, 8. t. xlvii. f. 8. N. Greenland. 
 
 1868. Diospyros oligandra, Bedd. Rep. Forests Madras, 1867 68, p. 25. Madras, India. 
 
 1869. Diospyros hebecarpa, A. Cunn. ex Benth. Fl. Austr. iv. p. 286. Australia. 
 1869. Maba hemicycloides, F. Muell. ex Benth. Fl. Austr. IV. p. 290. Australia. 
 1869. Maba laxiflora, Benth. Fl. Austr. iv. p. 290. Australia. 
 
 1869. Diospyros speciosa, Wood, Rep. Forests Oudh, 1867 68, p. 33. Oudh, India. 
 
 1870. Diospyros costata, Carriere in Rev. Hortic. p. 134. China. 
 
 1870. Macreightia andamanica, Kurz, Rep. Veg. Andam. edit. n. p. 42. S. Andaman. 
 
 1871. Diospyros microphylla, Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. p. 27. t. cxxxiii. S. India. 
 1871. Diospyros canarica, Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. p. 27. t. cxxxiv. S. Canara. 
 1871. Diospyros Thwaitesii, Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. p. 27. t. cxxxv. Ceylon. 
 1871. Diospyros nilagirica, Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. p. 27. t. cxxxvi. S. India. 
 
 1871. Diospyros rhodocalyx, Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal. XL. Pt. ii. p. 71. Siam. 
 
 1871. Diospyros dasyphylla, Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. vol. XL. Pt. ii. p. 71. E. Indies. 
 
 1871. Diospyros Brandisiana, Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. XL. ii. p. 72. Burmah. 
 
 1871. Diospyros burmanica, Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. XL. ii. p. 73. Pegu. 
 
 1871. Diospyros variegata, Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. XL. ii. p. 73. Pegu. 
 
78 MR HIEBN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 DESCRIPTION OF THE GENERA AND SPECIES, EXCLUSIVE OF FOSSILS. 
 I. EOYENA, Linn. Gen. Plant, p. 114. n. 325 (1737). 
 
 Flares scepius hermaphroditi et pentameri. 
 
 Calyx plerumque accrescens, campanulatus vel urceolatus vel raro depresso-kemisphericus. 
 Corolla urceolata vel campanulata ; lobis in prcefloratione sinistrorse contortis. 
 Stamina numero loborum corollce dupla raro plura, in verticillum unicum disposita. 
 Ovarium hirsutum, 4-10-focwfore; ovula in loculis solitaria. 
 
 Frutices rarius arbores africani ; foliis alternis, plerumque coriaceis ; pedunculis axillari- 
 bus, ssepius unifloris. 
 
 Alph. DO. Prodr. vm. p. 210 (1844); J. G. Agardh, Theor. Syst. PI. tab. x. f. 13 (1858); 
 Harv. MSS.; non Houston in Linn. Sp. PI. p. 628 (1753) (=Loeselia). 
 
 Pistachia (sp.) Pluknet. Almag. p. 298. t. 63. f. 4. t. 317. f. 5 (1691, 1696). 
 Vitis Idcea (sp.) Plukn. Almag. p. 391. Phytogr. t. 321. f. 4 (1696). 
 Staphylodendrum, Commelin. Hort. Amstelod. I. p. 187. t. 96 (1697). 
 Staphylodendron, Hermann, Paradisus Batavus, p. 232 cum tab. (1698). 
 Arbutus (sp.) Linn. Hort. Cliff, p. 163 (1737). 
 Buxus (sp.) Linn, in Herb. Gronov. 
 Vaccinium (sp.) Mill. Gard. Diet. edit. vi. (1771). 
 Eoyenia, auct, non Houst. 
 
 Flowers usually hermaphrodite and pentamerous, in one species tetramerous, and in JR. 
 ambigua, 5-7-merous. 
 
 Calyx 5-4-partite 5-fid or 5-toothed at apex, pubescent, usually accrescent in fruit. 
 Corolla usually 5-fid, urceolate or campanulate, with obtuse reflexed lobes. 
 Stamens 10, rarely 12 14, in one species 8 ; inserted in one row at the base of the 
 corolla, usually 2 opposite each of its lobes ; filaments very short, glabrous ; anthers lanceolate- 
 linear, hairy or in R. sessilifolia glabrous, dehiscing longitudinally by lateral slits, rarely in 
 subhermaphrodite flowers barren. 
 
 Ovary pubescent, 4-10-celled ; cells 1-ovuled ; rarely abortive in male flowers. 
 Styles 2-5 or style 2-5-partite or -lobed. 
 
 Fruit coriaceous, globose ovoid or oblong, sometimes 5-sided and splitting by valves. 
 Seeds as in the family; albumen not ruminated. 
 
 Shrubs or small trees or even large trees (see Burchell, Trav. I. 390) mostly limited to 
 South Africa, but two species (R. pollens and R. cistoides) reaching the tropics. 
 
 Leaves alternate, simple, entire, shortly petiolate or subsessile or in one species quite 
 sessile, according to Dr Harvey evergreen. Bracts 1 5. 
 
 Flowers axillary, peduncled, solitary or in R. glabra 1-5 together or in R. parvrftora in 
 3-5-flowered cymes. 
 
 Named after Adrian van Royen, Professor of Botany in the University of Leiden, who 
 died in 1779 at the age of 74. 
 
 English name ; African bladder-nuts. 
 
 Alph. De Candolle describes 10 small glands at the base around the ovary; I do not, 
 however, notice any such in any of the species of the genus. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 79 
 
 ROYENA. 
 
 KET TO THE SPECIES. 
 
 Flowers 5 7-, usually 5-, merous. Fruit not glandular or rarely so. 
 Calyx 5-lobed only at the apex. 
 Calyx divided half way down or deeper. 
 
 Leaves cordate or sub-cordate or rarely rounded at base. 
 
 Style 2-lobed. Leaves subsessile. 
 
 Leaves smooth. Flowers hermaphrodite. 
 
 Leaves scabrous. Flowers with rudimentary ovary. 
 Style 4 5-lobed. Leaves distinctly petiolate. 
 
 Leaves narrowed at base, not cordate. 
 
 1. R. htcida. 
 
 2. R. cordata. 
 
 3. R. scabrida. 
 
 4. R. villosa. 
 
 Peduncles short, not or scarcely longer than the flowers. 
 
 Leaves subsessile. Anthers 10, hirsute. 5. R. hirsute. 
 
 Leaves sessile. Anthers 14, glabrous. 6. R. sessilifolia. 
 
 Peduncles nearly as long as the leaves or much longer than the flowers. 
 
 Flowers solitary. 
 
 Calyx patent or reflexed in fruit. 
 Leaves more than ^ in. long. 
 
 Flowers hermaphrodite, 5-, rarely 4-, merous. 7. R. pattens. 
 Flowers polygamous, 5 7-merous. 8. R. ambigua. 
 
 Leaves under ^ in. long. 9. R. nitens. 
 
 Calyx appressed to fruit. 10. R. cistoides. 
 
 Flowers in 1 5-flowered cymes. 
 
 Leaves narrowly elliptical, - 1 in. long. 
 Leaves obovate, 2 6 in. long. 
 
 Flowers tetramerous or rarely pentamerous. Fruit glandular. 
 
 11. R. glabra. 
 
 12. R. parviflora. 
 
 18. R. glandulosa. 
 
80 MR HIERN, ON EBENACEJE. 
 
 1. ROYENA LUCIDA, Linn. Sp. PI. p. 397. (1753). 
 
 R. foliis ellipticis vel ovatis, basi rotundatis vel cordatis, coriaceis, nitidis, breviter 
 petiolatis ; Jloribus hermaphroditis, pentameris ; pedunculis unifloris ; calyce campanulato, 
 ampliato, utrinque hirsute, apice breviter dentato, in fructu accrescente ; stylo bifido ; ovario 
 ^-loculari, 4i-ovulato. 
 
 Gsertn. Fruct. et Sem. pi. ii. p. 80. t. 94. f. 4 (1791). 
 
 Jacq. Fragm. Bot. p. 3. t. i. f. 6 (18001809). 
 
 Lam. Tabl. Encycl. ii. p. 492. t. 370. f. 1. (not good) (Anno. VIII. 1800 ?). 
 
 Desf. in Annal. Mus. vi. p. 445. t. 62. f. 3 (An. xni. 1805). 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 211. n. 1 (1844). 
 
 Lindl. in. Bot. Reg. xxxn. t. 40 (1846). 
 
 Pappe, Silva Capensis, p. 20 (1854). 
 
 Pistachia africana s. Staphylodendron dUthiopicum Movo\aa-ioKa\\r}i'ofj,i'o(j)v\\ov singu- 
 lari hirsuto folio nitente, Pluknet! Almag. p. 298, Phytogr. Tab. 63, f. 4, tab. 317. f. 5 
 (1696, 1691). 
 
 STAPHYLODENDRUM africanum semper virens, foliis splendentibus, Commelin. Hort. 
 Amstelod. i. p. 187. t. 96 (bad). (1697.) 
 
 STAPHYLODENDRON africanum folio singulari lucido, Herm. Parad. Batav. p. 232 cum 
 tab. (1698), Linn. Hb. Hort. Cliff.! 
 
 Royena foliis ovatis scabriusculis, Linn. Syst. Veg. p. 410 (1784). 
 
 An evergreen shrub 5 12 feet high with numerous branches: 
 
 Stem 612 inches thick. Bark black, rather smooth. Wood hard, tough, yellowish 
 with brownish stripes when polished, well adapted for furniture, tools, screws, &c., but 
 chiefly used for wagon work (Dr Pappe). Young parts covered with subferraginous 
 pubescence. 
 
 Leaves elliptical or somewhat ovate, usually pointed or apiculate at apex, obtuse or sub- 
 acute, rounded or cordate very rarely somewhat narrowed at base, shortly petiolate, coriaceous, 
 | 2J inches long by J IJin. wide, glabrescent and shining above, hirsute especially on the 
 midrib and margin or glabrate beneath ; midrib in slight relief on both sides ; lateral 
 veins not conspicuous ; petioles fa \ in. long, pubescent. 
 
 Bracts small or foliaceous, sericeous, caducous. 
 
 Peduncles axillary, solitary, 1-flowered, pubescent, patent or arching, \ 1 in. long, on 
 young branches, bearing 1 3 bracts. 
 
 Flowers \ J in. long, hermaphrodite. 
 
 Calyx urceolate, sericeous on both sides, -J \ in. long, 5-toothed at apex, much accres- 
 cent in fruit ; teeth short, acute. 
 
 Corolla urceolate, 5-fid, with rounded lobes puberulous on both sides. 
 
 Stamens (9) 10, inserted at the base 2 opposite or corresponding to each lobe of the 
 corolla, in. long, equal ; filaments very short, glabrous ; anthers lanceolate- linear, hispid on 
 upper half, glabrous below. 
 
 Ovary conical, pubescent, 4-celled, 4-ovuled ; surmounted by bifid style, glabrous above ; 
 stigmas punctiform. 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 Fruit ovoid or subglobose, ^ 1 in. in diameter, enclosed by inflated pubescent or subgla- 
 brate calyx, 2 4-celled and -seeded, red and fleshy when ripe; flesh firm, whitish. Seeds 
 glabrous, rather shining, yellowish ; testa thin ; albumen cartilaginous, hard, white ; embryo 
 half to two-thirds of the length of the albumen, somewhat curved inwards ; cotyledons ovate, 
 rather shorter than the radicle. 
 
 In Cape Colony known by the name of Zwartbaste (blackwood). See Burchell, Travels, 
 vol. I. p. 317 (1822). 
 
 Grows in forests, stony places, on the sides of mountains, &c. South Africa. From Cape 
 Town eastwards to Natal. Beeves!; Ecklon! 698 ("It. hirsuta," on the eastern side of Devil's 
 Mountain) ; Drkge A. (above .the waterfall at Duivelsberg 1000 2000 ft. alt. May), B. (Bosch - 
 rivier, in a wood, below 500 ft. alt. October), c ! (Katrivier, in a wood on a hill, 1000 
 2000ft. alt. November) ; T. Cooper! 1062 (Orange Free State) ; Miller!; Bowie!; DrPappe! 
 (slope of Devil's Mountain); Burchell! 5256 (Hartebeest-Vlakte and Kaatje's Kraal), 5415 
 (in a forest close to Melkhout Kraal); Eoxburgh!; Harvey!; Alexander!; Mac Owan! 309 
 Eastern districts ; Zeyher ! 3352. 
 
 NalaL Dr Sutherland ! (a low scrubby bush growing among stones). 
 
 It is cultivated in St Helena, Gen. Walker! (stamens 5, abortive) ; and has long been 
 introduced into Europe. 
 
 2. KOYENA CORDATA, E. Mey. Cat-aL PL Exs. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7 (1837). 
 
 R. foliis elliptiois vel oblongis, 'basi cordatis, nitidis, coriaceis, apice obtusis vel subacutis, 
 subsessilibus ; floribiis pentameris, hermaphroditis ; pedunculis unifloris ; calyce 5-partito, ac- 
 crescente ; stylo bildbo ; ovario ^-loculari. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. 211. n. 2 (1844). 
 
 B. opaca, E. Mey. Pflanz. Doc. Dreg. p. 217 in Flora XXVI. ii. (1843), Alph. DC. Prodr. 
 VIII. p. 211. n. 3 (1844). 
 
 B. supra-cordata, Burch. MSS. in Hb. Afr. Austr. n. 4907 (1814). 
 
 A shrub with numerous branches, and a brown-ferruginous pubescence on young parts, 
 quickly glabrescent and nitescent. 
 
 Leaves elliptical or oblong, cordate at base, usually obtuse-pointed mucronate or api- 
 culate at apex, coriaceous, subsessile, often pubescent underneath, | 2 in. long by | 1 in. 
 wide. 
 
 Peduncles \ fin. long, arching, bearing 2 alternate caducous ovate acute ciliate bracts 
 similar to the leaves in shape \ in. long. Flowers about double the length of the calyx, 
 \ in. long. 
 
 Calyx 5-partite, villous on both sides, \ in. long ; nearly glabrate in fruit ; lobes ovate- 
 lanceolate, acute, hirsute and ciliate ; calyx much accrescent in fruit with wide ovate cordate 
 or auricled lobes, often nearly an inch long. 
 
 Corolla 5-lobed, with, a short cylindrical tube and reflexed rounded lobes ; lobes oblong, 
 f length of corolla, puberulous on both sides. 
 
 Stamens 10, inserted at base of corolla, reaching to the mouth of the corolla, pilose. 
 
 Style 2-lobed; ovary 4-celled, pilose, cells 1-ovuled. 
 
 Fruit subglobose, half an inch or more in diameter. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 11 
 
82 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^B. 
 
 Flowers in November and December. Grows by river-sides and among mountains. It 
 reaches 4300 feet altitude. 
 
 South Africa. Eastern district of the Cape of Good Hope, and Natal. 
 
 Drege !; Zeyher ! Uitenhage ; Mac Owan ! 429, 527, Mountains near Great Reynet ; 
 Mrs Hutton! Keiskamma, British Kaffraria; T. Cooper! 35, 186, 306, British Kaffraria; 
 Gueinzius ! Natal ; Gerrard and M'Ken ! 12, 18, 99, 1608, Natal ; Barber ! 307, Queenstown 
 district, a shrub, grows amongst other bushes, blossoms in spring and summer, flower pale 
 cream colour; Eurchell! 4166, 4186, 4907. 
 
 3. ROYENA SCABRIDA, Harv. MSS. 
 
 R. foliis ovatis, basi cordatis, prcesertim subtus scabris, coriaceis, subsessilibus ; floribus 
 pentameris, dicecis ; pedunculis unifloris; calyce o-partito; stylo in floribus masculis bifido, ovario 
 abortivo. 
 
 A shrub with "branches simple, 8 15 feet high," pilose at the extremities with pale 
 hairs. 
 
 Leaves ovate, cordate at base, acute or obtuse at apex, scabrous especially beneath, 
 subsessile, shining above, sericeous when young, ranging up to 2J in. long by If in. wide ; 
 margins subrevolute. 
 
 5 Flowers nearly in. long, white. Peduncles axillary, bracteate, much shorter than the 
 leaves, 1-flowered. Bracts ovate, acuminate. 
 
 Calyx | in. long, 5-partite, finely setose, erect; lobes ovate, acuminate, widened near 
 base, 
 
 Corolla appressedly pilose, campanulate-urceolate, divided fths way down into 5 ovate- 
 oblong acute lobes. 
 
 Stamens 10, in one xow, inserted at base of corolla, in. long ; filaments very short, 
 hairy at apex ; anthers hairy at and near apex, linear, acute. 
 
 Ovary rudimentary, hairy ; style bifid, hairy below, glabrous above. 
 
 Tugela, Natal. Gerrard and M'Ken! n. 1609. Grassy plains. Flowers in September 
 and October. 
 
 Near R. cordata, E. Mey. 
 
 4. ROYENA VILLOSA, Linn. Systema Naturae, ed. xu. torn. 2. p. 302 (1767). 
 
 R. foliis obovato-oblongis, basi cordatis, apice obtusis, villosis, petiolatis ; floribus penta- 
 meris, hermaphroditis ; pedunculis 1 3-jloris; calyce 5-partito; stylo 4 5-lobo; ovario 8 10- 
 loculari. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vni. p. 213. n. 11 (1844). 
 
 R. scabra, Burm. Prodr. p. 13 (1768). 
 
 R. scandens, Burch. MSS. in Hb. Afr. Austr. nn. 3673, 3793 (1813). 
 
 Pubescent trailing shrub with patent branches, 5 to 40 feet long. 
 
 Leaves obovate- oblong with cordate base and rounded emarginate or shortly-pointed 
 apex ; pubescent especially beneath, glabrescent and dark green above, paler beneath, some- 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACEA 
 
 times minutely pellucid-punctate, coriaceous, petiolate ; edges recurved ; veins distinct, depressed 
 above; 1 to 4 in. long by | to 2J in. wide. Petioles | f in. long, pubescent. 
 
 Peduncles axillary, either 1-flowered about % | in. long or 3-flowered longer and with 
 pedicels about -^ in. long, pubescent. Bracts leaf-like, but smaller and narrower than the 
 leaves, caducous. Flowers densely pubescent. 
 
 Calyx with 5 ovate or lanceolate partitions, ovate and accrescent in fruit, closely pubes- 
 cent on both sides. 
 
 Corolla with 5 oblong lobes reaching f rds down, tomentose outside except near base, 
 glabrous inside. 
 
 Stamens 10, anthers densely villous. 
 
 Style 5-lobed ; ovary 8- or 10-celled ; stigmas punctiform. 
 
 Fruit globose-pentagonal, tomentose or hispid, J f in. long, surrounded by the widely 
 ovate enlarged lobes of the calyx which reach nearly as high, sometimes dehiscing by 5 valves 
 from apex. 
 
 Grows in woods. South Africa. Eastern districts and Natal. . 
 
 Dregef; T. Cooper! 1, British Kaffraria, (in flower and fruit.) "Stem 3040 ft., 
 trailing or twining among trees. Flowers yellow;" J. Sanderson! 150, 613, 715, Natal (in 
 flower); W. T. Gerrard! 30, Natal (in flower); Krauss! 226, 472, 482, Natal (in 
 flower-bud); Gueinzius! Natal (in flower); Dr Stuart! (in flower); P. Mac Owanf 516, 
 Grahamstown (in flower); Bowie/ (in flower-bud); Burcliell! 3673 (in flower), 3793 (in 
 leaf), 4506 (in flower), 6054? (in leaf); Masson! Ecklon and Zeyher! 464, Uitenhage; 
 Gerrard and M'Ken, 613, 614, 2013, Natal; Alexander/ 
 
 5. EOYENA HIRSUTA, Linn. Sp. PL p. 397 (1753). 
 
 R. foliis oblanceolatis, basi cuneatis, subsessilibus, hirsutis; fioribus pentameris, lierma- 
 phroditis; pedunculis brevibus, unifloris; calyce profunde 5-lobo; corolla urceolatd; stamini- 
 bus 10; stylo plerumque bilobo et ovario 4c-loculari. 
 
 Lam. Tabl. Encycl. II. p. 493. t. 370. f. 2 (anno Till. 1800). 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 212. n. 8 (1844), non Jacq. nee Eckl. nee Sieb. 
 
 It. angustifolia, Willd. Spec. Plant, n. p. 633 (1799), Alph. DC. I. c. n. 5. 
 
 ? B. cuneata, Poir. in Encyclop. M&h. vi. p. 322 (1804), Alph. DC. I.e. p. 215. n. 18, non 
 Spreng. 
 
 B. microphylla, Burch. Trav. Int. S. Afr. I. p. 348 (1822), Alph. DC. l.c. p. 212. n. 9. 
 
 B. rugosa, E. Mey. Cat. PL Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7 (1837), Alph. l.c. n. 7. 
 
 Diospyros hirsuta, Desf. Ann. Mus. vi. p. 447. t. 62. f. 2 (1805), non L. 
 
 D. pubescens, Pers. Synops. n. p. 625 (1807), non Pursh. 
 
 Arbutus foliis lanceolatis integerrimis hirsutis, Linn. Hort. Cliff, p. 163 (1737). 
 
 A much-branched rigid shrub, 2 8 feet high, more or less downy-canescent or 
 tomentose. 
 
 Leaves oblanceolate, obtuse or acute at apex, cuneate at base, subsessile, crowded, 
 coriaceous, hairy and rugose with raised veins or pitted beneath, \ 1 in. long by -fa J in. 
 wide ; margins flattish or recurved. 
 
 112 
 
84 MR HIERN, ON EBENACEA'. 
 
 Peduncles 1-flowered, arching, shorter than the flowers, ^ ^ in. long, usually bibract- 
 eate in the middle. 
 
 Calyx deeply 5-lobed, hairy on both sides ; lobes ovate, accrescent, erect or reflexed in 
 fruit. Corolla urceolate, 5-fid, grey-felted outside, puberulous inside ; lobes rounded or obtuse. 
 
 Stamens usually 10 ; anthers hairy ; filaments dilated. 
 
 Styles 2 4, usually 2 ; stigmas more or less dilated, glabrous. Ovary villous, 4-, 6-> 
 8-celled. 
 
 Fruit globose, about \ in. in diameter, more or less tomentose, often dehiscing by 2 or 
 3 valves. Fruiting calyx-lobes rounded, erect or reflexed. 
 
 Grows among mountains and rocks and along banks of rivers and reaches 5000 feet in 
 Natal. Flowers in August. Cape of Good Hope, Kalihari region and Natal. 
 
 Dr Sutherland! Natal (in flower); Dr Zeyher ! 3350, 3351, Uitenhage and Clanwilliam 
 (in flower); Burchell! 7531 (in leaf), 7537 (in fruit), 7446 (in fruit), 1696 (in flower), 2502 
 (in fruit), 4898 (in fruit) ; Dregef; P.MacOwan! 269, Humansdorp (in flower); T. Cooper! 
 212, Queenstown (in flower); Verreaux! ; Krauss, 1719; S. Africa, Masson Auge and Olden- 
 burg!; Barber! 311, Queenstown district, on stony hill-sides, flowers white, blossoms in 
 spring. 
 
 6. ROYENA SESSILIFOLIA, sp. nov. 
 
 R. foliis oblongo-obovatis, membranaceis, sessilibus, obtusis, basi angustatis ; floribus pen- 
 tameris, dicecis; pedunculis unifioris f brevibus; calyce 5-partito; cor olid urceolatd; stamini- 
 bus in flore masculo 14, glabris; ovario abortive. 
 
 A shrub with erect stem ; branches pubescent, spreading at about 70". 
 
 Leaves oblong-obovate, sessile, submembranous, pubescent beneath and on both sides when 
 young, rounded or retuse at apex, narrowed to an obtuse base, 1| 2 in. long by J fin. wide; 
 veins inconspicuous, depressed on the upper surface. 
 
 Peduncles axillary, solitary, bearing one flower longer than itself, pubescent. Flowers 
 fragrant, \ in. long. 
 
 Calyx pubescent outside, 5-partite, with lanceolate erect-patent 3-veined lobes in. long. 
 
 Corolla urceolate, 5-lobed at apex, glabrous inside, pubescent outside ; lobes recurved, ob- 
 tuse, T Vin. long. 
 
 Stamens 14, glabrous; anthers dehiscing from apex; filaments short; pollen globular, 
 smooth, -fow^ m - m diameter. 
 
 O.vary rudimentary, rounded, pubescent. 
 
 Pubescence whitish. Described from a living specimen cultivated in Hort. Kew ! Approaches 
 R. ambigita, Vent, by having more than 10 stamens, but differs from it by its shorter peduncles ; 
 differs also from all other species of Royena by its absolutely sessile leaves. 
 
 A specimen in the Leiden herbarium with sessile leaves, which however are coriaceous and 
 usually pointed at the apex and have the veins in relief on both sides, may be the same species ; 
 it was cultivated in 1785. 
 
 Cfr. R. latifolia, Willd. Enum. PL Hort. Berol. Suppl. p. 23 (1813, sine descriptione), Alph. 
 DC. Prodr. vili. p. 215. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 85 
 
 7. ROYENA FALLENS, Thunb. Prodr. Fl. Capens., pars prior, p. 80 (1794). 
 
 R. foliis anguste obovato-ellipticis, apice plerumque obtusis, basi in petiolum brevem 
 angustatis, coriaceis ; Jloribus hermaphroditis, plerumque pentameris; pedunculis plerumque 
 unifloris flore longioribus; calyce o-partito ; stylo 3 5-fido ; ovario 6 IQ-loculari. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vnr. p. 213. n. 13 (1844) ; non Willd. Hb. ! n. 8363. 
 
 R. Ursula, Jacq. Collect. V. p. 110. t. 13. f. 1 (1796), et Fragm. bot. t. 1. f. 2 (1800 
 1809), non Linn, nee Eckl. nee Sieb. 
 
 Diospyros lycioides, Desf. in Annal. Mus. vi. p. 448. t. 62. f. 1 (An. xiu 1805). 
 
 R. pubescens, Willd. Hort. BeroL p. 457 (1809), Bot. Reg. t. 500 (1820), Alph. DC. I. c. n. 12. 
 
 R. lycioides, (Desf.) Cat. Hort. Paris ex Poir. in Encycl. Me'th. Suppl. IV. p. 435 (1816), 
 Alph. DC. I. c. p. 214. n. 17. 
 
 R. decidua, Burch. Trav. Int. S. Air. I. p. 317 (1822). 
 
 R. cuneata, Speng. Syst. Vegetab. ir. p. 360 (1825), non Poir. . 
 
 R. brachiata, E. Mey. Cat. PL Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dr g. p. 7 (1837), Alph. DC. I c. p. 213. n. 10. 
 
 R. cuneifolia, E. Mey. Cat. PI. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7 (1837), Alph. DC. 1. c. p. 214. n. 16. 
 
 R. ramulosa, E. Mey. ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 212. n. 6 (1844). 
 
 R. sericea, Bernh. in Flora 1844, p. 824. 
 
 R, oleifolia, Desf. MSS. (1824) ex Gay MSS. in Herb. 
 
 R. hispidula, Harv. MSS. 
 
 A shrub or small tree, ranging up to 15 feet in height. Bark reddish brown. Branches 
 silky-pubescent or often glabrescent, pale or cinereous. 
 
 Leaves more or less narrowly obovate-elliptical, obtuse or rarely acute at apex, narrowed at 
 base into short petiole, silky especially beneath or glabrate, coriaceous, evergreen, \ 2 in. long 
 by \ f in. wide ; petioles ^ \ in. long. 
 
 Peduncles f \ in. long, longer than the flowers, usually considerably so, 1- (rarely 2-) 
 flowered, arching, bearing 2 3 narrow bracts about or above the middle. Flowers white or 
 yellowish, hermaphrodite, pentamerous (or rarely tetramerous), \ f in. long. 
 
 Calyx partite ; lobes ovate or lanceolate, acute, hirsute, accrescent, in fruit spreading or 
 reflexed. 
 
 Corolla deeply lobed, hairy outside ; lobes lanceolate, acuminate. 
 
 Stamens (9 ) 10, about half the length of the flower ; anthers hirsute. 
 
 Style 3 5-fid, hairy; stigmas punctiform, glabrous. Ovary 6-, 8-, 10-celled, hairy. 
 
 Fruit subglobose or ovoid, pubescent or rarely glabrate, J 1 in. in diameter, sometimes 
 bursting in a valvate manner. Albumen of seeds not ruminated. 
 
 Reaches 5000 feet in Natal, 2500 at Graaf Reinet. Flowers in Sept., Oct. and Nov., Jan. Feb. 
 
 Grows at margins of woods, &c. 
 
 In South Africa on the banks of the Gariep it is called by the natives Zwartebast (black- 
 wood). Cape of Good Hope, Kalihari region and Natal; also in West tropical Africa. 
 
 Drege !; Peddie ! Natal ; Col. Bolton ! Grahamstown ; T. Williamson ! Albany ; Alexan- 
 der!; Ecklon and Zeyher ! 1127; Burchell! 7451, 1750, 2371, 2930, 3301, 3325, 3396. 3472, 
 3789, 4184, 4501, 5490, 5529, 5632, 6490, 6813; Dr Zeyher ! 3348, 3353, 3354; Burke! Great 
 
86 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Fish Kiver, and Crocodile River; Harvey! 544; Mac Owan, 1646; W. T. Gerrard! 129, 615, 
 1157, 1238, 1607, 1610, 1611, Natal; T. Cooper! 272, Queenstown; 418, Beaufort; 1238, 
 1157, Natal; Button! Howison's Port, Eastern Districts; J.Sanderson! 140, 318, 511, 527, 
 717, Natal; Dr Sutherland! Natal 30005000 feet alt; Sowker ! (103?) Albany; Wyley ! 
 103, Namaqualand ; Bolus! 128, Graaf Reinet (flowers in Oct., fruits in Nov.); Krauss! 
 423, Natal, 1721, Knysna; Cape. Nivenf 51, large shrub 6 or 8 feet high, dry elevated 
 plains near Goud river. Tropical Africa, Dr Kirk! Seshike (alt. 3000 feet); C. J. Meller! 
 Manganja Hills (tree : always found by streams). 
 
 A form with leaves acute at both ends and turning black in drying and with globose 
 fruits thinly sprinkled with rigid hairs is B. hispidula, Harv. MSS. Burchell ! Cat. no. 3789 
 at the Kowi Station, 26 Sept. 1813 ; and no. 4501 at the Lead mine, 29 January, 1814. 
 
 Benguela. Distr. Huilla. Dr Welwitsch ! no. 2533. A shrub 4 6 ft. high, rarely a small 
 tree of 8 ft. Leaves broad. Flowers white, rather fleshy. Fruit puberulous. Fruiting calyx 
 reflexed, not much increased. In woods and thickets between Lopollo and Monino. 
 
 Do. Dr Welwitsch ! no. 2534. Leaves narrower. 
 
 Do. Dr Welwitsch f no. 1255. A small shrub, a few inches high, much branched. Leaves 
 densely sericeous, with some species of dEcidium growing on them. A sickly specimen probably 
 belonging to R. pollens. 
 
 8. ROYENA AMBIGUA, Vent. Jard. Malm. n. 17 (1803). 
 
 B. foliis obovato-ellipticis, obtusis, basi angustatis, coriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus 
 5 f-meris, dicecis; pedunculis unifloris, flore longioribus ; calyce partita; corolla urceolatd; 
 staminibus 10 14, sterilibus (?) ; stylo 5 7- (?) lobo. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 214. n. 14 (1844). 
 
 Diospyros ambigua, Vent. Malm. t. 17 (1803). 
 
 B. polyandra /3. ambigua, Pers. Synops. I. p. 486 (1805). 
 
 Diplonema ambigua, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. rv. p. 42 (1837). 
 
 Shrub with numerous erect-patent or ascending branches tomentose-pubescent (at least in 
 wild specimen) throughout, about 3 feet high when in cultivation. 
 
 Leaves obovate-elliptical, somewhat narrowed at base and rounded or apiculate at apex, 
 dull green, sometimes minutely pellucid-punctate, coriaceous, shortly petiolate, 1 to 2 in. long 
 by J to f in. wide. Petioles -^ in. long. 
 
 Peduncles ( 2 ) arching downwards, 1-flowered, bearing 2 (or 3) alternate linear bracts about 
 their middle, three times the length of the petiole in flower, J to f in. long in fruit. Flowers 
 not hermaphrodite (?), drooping, orange-yellow, slightly scented. 
 
 Calyx with 5 (or 6 ?) lanceolate acute partitions. 
 
 Corolla uroeolate, 5 7 Mobed : lobes rounded, shorter than the tube.> 
 
 Stamens in ? flower 10 14 ? shorter than the tube of the corolla, barren. 
 
 Style 5 7 ?-lobed. Ovary with 5 7 ? external longitudinal furrows, 10-celled. 
 
 Fruit globular, bright pale brown, pubescent, nearly in. in diameter, sometimes dehiscing 
 by 5 valves, (in one case) 3-seeded. Fruit-calyx accrescent, reflexed, with 5 oblong-lanceolate 
 partitions in. long. Seeds oblong, J in. long, pendulous. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACILE. 87 
 
 South Africa. Burke ! (in fruit) ; Ventenat; EcJclon and Zeyher / 1126, Magalisberg. 
 Perhaps ought to be united to It. pollens, Thunb., of which Dr Harvey considered it to 
 be a garden variety. 
 
 9. ROYENA NITENS, Harvey MSS. 
 
 R. foliis anguste ellipticis, utrinque plus minus angustatis, coriaceis, subsessilibus, dense 
 sericeis, parvis ; pedunculis unifloris, semiuncialibus ; calyce fructifero profunde 5-lobo, paulum 
 aucto ; fructu ellipsoideo, solitario. 
 
 A closely branched shrub about 4 feet high with young shoots and underside of leaves 
 densely covered for the most part with close sericeous persistent pale hairs. Branches terete, 
 ascending, with dark rather shining cuticle. 
 
 Leaves narrowly oval, crowded, narrowed more or less at both ends, coriaceous, dark and 
 shining above, 1-veined, subsessile, | in. long by ^ in. wide. 
 
 Flowers unknown. 
 
 Fruit on the young branches, solitary, on arching pubescent peduncles nearly J in. long. 
 Fruiting calyx deeply 5-lobed, spreading, rather more than in. across, with lanceolate lobes 
 which are about in. long. Fruit ellipsoidal, puberulous with very short inconspicuous hairs, 
 splitting into 5 (?) parts at the apex, | 1 in. long by ^ | in. thick, 1-celled. 
 
 S. Africa. Natal. W. T. Gerrard! n. 1158, February. 
 
 10. ROYENA CISTOIDES, Welw. MSS. 
 
 E. foliis anguste obovatis, apice obtusis et mucronulatis, ad basim obtusam angustatis, 
 utrinque incano- sericeis, breviter petiolatis, margine reflexo; fructibus solitariis ; pedunculis 
 fructum fere cequantibus ; calyce fructibus appresso. 
 
 A low shrub, 1 1| ft. high, branched from the base. Wood very hard, strong. Branches 
 terete, ultimately glabrate; shoots softly pubescent, erect; the fruiting branches arcuate- 
 ascending. 
 
 Leaves alternate, narrowly obovate, obtuse and mucronulate at apex, narrowed to an obtuse 
 base, incano-sericeous on both sides, sub-coriaceous, | l^in. long by i-^-fin. wide, shortly 
 petiolate ; margins reflexed ; subvenose beneath. 
 
 Fruiting peduncles axillary, solitary, % | in. long, patent, hairy, 1-fruited. Fruiting calyx 
 deeply 5-lobed, hairy on both sides, appressed to the fruit, \ f in. long, articulated to the 
 peduncle, with 10 little pits at the base on the concave surface of the articulation probably cor- 
 responding to the 10 cells of the ovary ; lobes elliptical, obtusely pointed. 
 
 Fruit subglobose, puberulous, of shining golden colour, hard, 8 12-celled, J in. in 
 diameter, often bursting downwards from the apex, 3 5-seeded. Seeds in. long. Albumen 
 of seeds white, cartilaginous, not ruminated. 
 
 Angola, W. Tropical Africa. Distr. Pungo Andongo, 3500 ft. altitude. Dr Welwitsch ! 
 no. 2532. In sandy thickets between Condo and Quisonde, near river Cuanza. Fruit ripe 
 in March. 
 
88 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 11. ROYENA GLABRA, Linn. Sp. PL p. 397 (1753). 
 
 B. foliis anguste ellipticis, utrinque angustatis, nitescentibus, subcoriaceis, subsessilibus, 
 glabrescentibus ; floribus pentameris, subhermaphroditis ; pedunculis 1 5-floris ; calyce partita, 
 paulum accrescente; stylo bilobo; ovario 4t-loculari. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vni. p. 214. n. 15 (1844). 
 
 Vaccinium pensylvanicum, Miller, Gard. Diet. edit. vi. (1771). 
 
 E. myrtifolia, Wendl. ex Steud. NomencL Bot. p. 705 (1821), Alph. DC. I.e. p. 215. 
 
 S. hirsuta, Sieber ! Fl. Cap. Exsicc. n. 94 (1824), non Linn, nee Jacq. nee Eckl. 
 
 E.fakata, E. Mey. ! Zwei pflanz. doc. Dreg. p. 217 in Flora 1843, Alph. DC. I c. p. 211. n. 4. 
 
 Vitis Idcea cethiopica, myrtinis folio, flosculis dependentibus, Plukn. ! Almag. p. 391. 
 Phytogr. t. 321. fig. 4 (1696). 
 
 Vitis Idsea sethiopica, buxi minoris folio, floribus albis, Commel. Hort. Amstelod. I. p. 125. 
 t. 65 (1697). 
 
 Vitis Idaea foliis angustissimis longis alternis, Linn, in Hb. Hort. Cliff. ! 
 
 ? Buxus africana folio oblongiori non serrato, Linn, in Hb. Gronov. ! 
 
 A shrub with erect or ascending branches, 2 6 feet high. Stem 5 6 in. thick. Bark thin, 
 grey, smooth. Wood light, porous, little used except for fuel (Dr Pappe}. Young parts pilose. 
 
 Leaves narrowly elliptical, usually narrowed at both ends, crowded, subsessile, at length 
 glabrous, shining above, thinly coriaceous, | 1 in. long by j J in. wide. 
 
 Peduncles about as long as the leaves, bearing 1 5 flowers, hairy ; equal to or longer than 
 the pedicels, arching. Flowers subhermaphrodite, pentamerous. Bracts lanceolate. 
 
 Calyx partite, usually but little accrescent ; lobes lanceolate or subulate, acute, hairy. 
 
 Corolla exceeding the calyx, glabrous ; lobes reflexed. 
 
 Stamens (9 ) 10, not always fertile. Style bilobed, hairy below. Ovary nearly glabrous, 
 4-celled. 
 
 Fruit oblong or globose, thinly glandular-pubescent, | f in. long, subtended by the usually 
 reflexed calyx. 
 
 South Africa. Cape of Good Hope. Southern and Western districts. 
 
 Robertson!, Dregef, Sieber! 94, Wallichf, Mund!, Ecklon! 699, Pappe!, Thorn!, Mac 
 Gittivray I 610, Krauss!, Masson !, Roxburgh !, Niven ! 48, Hb. Ammannf, Nelson/, Forster!, 
 ThunbergJ, Oldenburg!, W. Elliot!, Zeyher ! 3349, Harvey! 572, Burchell! 2, 808, 5093, 
 5367, 5784, 6788, 7186, 7208, 7288, Siekmann! 
 
 12. ROYENA PARVIFLORA, sp. nov. 
 
 R. foliis obovatis, basi cuneatis, apice rotundatis vel ad apicem emarginatum brevissime 
 et abrupte angustatis, membranaceis vel junioribus subcoriaceis, petiolatis; floribus pentameris, 
 hermaphroditis, cymosis; calyce depresso-hemispherico, 5-fido, lobis deltoideis; stylo apice 5-lobo; 
 ovario 10-loculari. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^I. 89 
 
 A large scandent shrub with terete branches. Young parts and inflorescence softly shortly 
 and appressedly pubescent. Leaves alternate, obovate, cuneate at base, rounded or very shortly 
 and abruptly narrowed to an emarginate apex, membranous or the smaller ones subcoriaceous, 
 green when dry, glabrous and with inconspicuous veins above, somewhat paler delicately veined 
 and puberulous beneath, 2 6J in. long by 1 3|in. wide; petiole ^ Jin. long. Cymes axil- 
 lary on the young shoots, | f in. long, bearing 3 5 flowers ; common peduncle | J in. long ; 
 lateral pedicels in. long, with a narrow bract at base about as long as themselves. Flowers 
 hermaphrodite, small, creamy-white, articulated at base to pedicel ; in bud depresso-conical, about 
 j-in. high and broad. Calyx depresso-hemispherical, short, 5-fid, with flat base, puberulous out- 
 side ; lobes deltoid. Corolla much contorted sinistrorsely as regarded from within, shortly 
 pubescent outside except on imbricated sides of the lobes, glabrous inside, 5-lobed; lobes obtuse, 
 rounded, f ths of the depth of the corolla. Stamens 10, hairy, equal, in one row, inserted at base 
 of corolla. Ovary covered with very short hair, depresso-conical, 10-celled, cells 1-ovuled ; style 
 5-lobed at apex, shortly ha ; ry. 
 
 S. Africa, Zulu-land, Incansla. Gerrard and M'Kenf no. 2015. 
 
 13. ROYENA GLANDULOSA, Harvey MSS. 
 
 E. foliis ovato-ellipticis, obtusis, ~basi rotundatis, subcoriaceis, subsessilibus ; floribus herma- 
 phroditis, plerumque tetrameris ; pedunculis unijloris; calyce ^-partita; corolld urceolatd; 
 staminibus 8 ; stylo apice 4-Zofro ; ovario 8-loculari ; fructibus ellipsoideis, glanduloso-hispidis. 
 
 A large shrub, " with pretty foliage and habit," 8 10 feet high. Young shoots, peduncles 
 and fruit glanduloso-hispid, subferruginous. Branches spreading. Leaves alternate, ovate-ellip- 
 tical, obtusely pointed at apex, rounded at or near base, thinly coriaceous or firmly membranous, 
 ciliate and pilosulous beneath, \ lin. long by \ Jin. wide ; petioles about ^in. long, hirsute. 
 Flowers hermaphrodite, axillary on the young shoots, about \ in. long, urceolate, articulated to 
 the peduncle, tetramerous. Peduncles spreading, fin. long, 1-flowered, solitary. Calyx pilose 
 outside, pubescent inside, 4-partite ; lobes ^ in. long, lanceolate, acute, rather patent. Corolla 
 urceolate, glabrous but margin minutely ciliate, deeply 4-lobed ; lobes rounded, recurved above. 
 Stamens 8, in one row, inserted at base of corolla, short, equal, 2 opposite each lobe of the 
 corolla, pilose ; filaments short. Ovary hairy (except perhaps at middle), 8-celled ; style hairy, 
 4-lobed and glabrous at apex. Fruit ellipsoidal, scarcely \ in. long by \ in. thick, glandular- 
 hispid. Fruiting calyx much enlarged, \ in. long, loosely enclosing the fruit or reflexed, 4-partite; 
 lobes ovate-oblong, foliaceous, reddish when dry, about 8-nerved inconspicuously. 
 
 Barely a flower is pentamerous. 
 
 S. Africa, Port Natal, Tugela. Gerrard and M'Ken! no. 1608. 
 
 PLATE II. Flowering and fruiting branches, natural size. a. Peduncle, magnified 5 dia- 
 meters, b. Hair of peduncle, magnified 30 diameters, c. Flowering calyx, magnified 5 dia- 
 meters, d. Interior of corolla with stamens, laid open, magnified 5 diameters, e. Stamen, 
 magnified 15 diameters, f. Pistil, magnified 5 diameters, g. Transverse section of ovary, 
 magnified 5 diameters. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 12 
 
90 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 EXCLUDED AND NOMINAL SPECIES. 
 
 Royena latifolia, Willd. Enum. pi. Berol. Suppl. p. 23 (1813). Name only. Cfr. JR. sessi- 
 lifolia. 
 
 Royena, media, Hort. ex Steud. Nomencl. bot. edit. ii. voL ii. p. 475 (1841). Name only. 
 Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 Royena polyandra, Linn. fil. Suppl. p. 240 (1781) = Euclea polyandra, E. Mey. 
 
 Royena (sp.) n. 15, EckL and Zeyh. ex Harv. and Sond. Fl. Cap. i. p. 71 (185960) 
 = Aberia tristis, Sond. 
 
 Royena 9140, Dreg, ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vftl. p, 216. n. * (1844) = Euclea coriacea 
 Alph. DC. 
 
 II. EUCLEA, Linn. Syst. Nat. edit. xm. p. 747 (1774), non Lour. 
 
 Flores diced, rarius polygami, 4 7-meri, racemosi vel paniculati. Calyx non accrescens. 
 Corolla campanulata vel urceolata, lobis in prcefloratione sinistrorse contortis. 
 
 FLOS MASCUXUS : Stamina 10 30, scepius geminata. Ovarium plerumque abortivum. 
 
 FLOS FEMINEUS: staminodia 0, rarius 2 4. Ovarium 4-loculare, rarius 2- vel 6-loculare; 
 ovula in loculis solitaria, rarius bina in ovariis bilocularibus. Fructus parvus, saspius 1- 
 locularis et I-spermus. 
 
 Frutices vel rarius arbores African!, foliis alternis vel oppositis vel rarius in tribus verti- 
 cillatis, cymis axillaribus. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 215. n. n. (1844). 
 
 Padus (sp.) Bunn. Ran Afric. pi. p. 238. t. 84. f. 1. (1738). 
 
 Royena (sp.) Linn. fil. Suppl. p. 240 (1781). 
 
 Celastrus (sp.) Thunb. Fl. Cap., pars post., p. 115 (1800). 
 
 Diplonema G. Don, Diet. Gard. and Bot. IV. p. 42 (1837). 
 
 Myrsine (sp.) Hochst. in PI. Schimp. Abyss, exsicc. sect. i. n. 159 (1840). 
 
 Rymia Endl. gen. pi. n. 4250 p. 743 (1835 40). 
 
 Kellaua Alph. DC. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. ii. vol. XVI. p. 96 (1841). 
 
 Brachycheila Harv. in Linnaea XX. p. 192 (1847). 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 91 
 
 Dioecious or occasionally polygamous. Calyx campanulate or small and flattish, 4 7-lobed, 
 usually 4 5-fid; lobes lanceolate ovate or deltoid; not accrescent. Corolla campanulate or 
 hemispherical, 4 7-lobed, 4 5-fid or -partite or -lobed only near the apex. 
 
 <J Stamens 10 30, usually 12 20, either free or in pairs or combined at base of 
 filaments, in one or two rows, inserted at base of interior of tube of corolla or hypo- 
 gynous or partly in both ways, sometimes inserted on an hypogynous ring; anthers hairy 
 or glabrous, oblong or lanceolate, 2-celled, dehiscing laterally ; filaments short, usually 
 slender and glabrous. Styles 1 2. Ovary usually abortive. 
 
 $ Staminodes usually absent, sometimes 2 4, glabrous ; anthers 0. Styles 2 (or 1, bifid), 
 usually glabrous, rarely 3 ; stigmas emarginate or bifid at apex ; ovary ovoid or globular, hairy 
 or glabrous, usually 4-celled, rarely 2- or 6-celled ; ovules 4, or rarely 6 when the ovary is 
 6-celled, pendulous. Fruit globular or rarely ovoid-conical, usually 1-celled and 1-seeded ; peri- 
 carp fleshy. The fruit is edible and is called Guarry. Seed globular, usually marked outside 
 by 3 longitudinal depressed lines. Albumen cartilaginous, usually with a normal intrusion of 
 the testa at the micropyle, distinctly ruminated in a few species ; embryo usually some- 
 what curved with its concavity towards the centre of the seed, tending to be incumbent ; 
 radicle superior, about as long as the foliaceous cotyledons. Flowers in axillary racemes or 
 rarely in panicles or solitary. 
 
 African shrubs or trees with alternate or opposite leaves, or rarely verticillate 3 together. 
 Leaves quite entire except E. ovata and K coriacea in which they are sometimes minutely 
 or obscurely crenulate ; usually coriaceous, often obovate, not acuminate except in E. ovata, 
 evergreen. 
 
 The name is derived from the Greek ewcXet'o, glory, in consequence of the beautiful 
 evergreen foliage. 
 
 122 
 
92 
 
 ME HIEKN, ON EBENACEA 
 
 EUCLEA. KEY TO THE SPECIES. 
 Ovary hairy. Stamens 15 30. 
 
 Corolla 4 7-lobed only at apex. 
 
 Leaves elliptical or obovate, flat or nearly so, not or very rarely cordate at base; 
 
 Stamens 20 30. $ racemes | 1| in. long. 1. E. polyandra. 
 
 Stamens 18. racemes short. 2. E. tomentosa, 
 
 Leaves ovate, subcordate, wavy. Stamens 16 17. 3. E. coriacea. 
 
 Leaves linear or lanceolate, flat, not cordate at base; 
 
 Flowers pentamerous or hexamerous. Leaves not falcate. 
 
 Leaves oblong-lanceolate, about ^in. wide, apiculate. 4. E. acutifolia. 
 Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, about 1 ^ | in. wide. 
 
 Lower leaves obtuse, not apiculate. Flowers nearly glabrous. 5. E. lancea. 
 Leaves apiculate. Flowers hairy. 6. E. pseudebenus. 
 
 Flowers tetramerous or rarely pentamerous. Leaves falcate. 7. E. linearis. 
 Corolla 4 5-fid or -partite. 
 
 Fruiting calyx-tube receiving the base of the fruit. 
 <J Flowers racemose, 3 9 together. 
 
 Leaves quite entire, obtuse or subacute. 8. E. lanceolata. 
 
 Leaves minutely crenulate or acutely apiculate. 9. E. ovata. 
 
 <J Flowers panicled or many together. 
 
 Leaves glabrous, subglaucous, opposite: 10. E. divinorum. 
 
 Leaves pubescent or not glaucous, alternate. 11. E. multiflora. 
 
 Fruiting calyx-tube consolidated and articulated to thickened pedicel. 
 
 Fruits many together. Albumen not ruminated. 12. E. fructuosa. 
 
 Fruits 3 4 together. Albumen ruminated. 13. E. natalensis. 
 
 Ovary usually glabrous or chiefly so. Stamens 10 18 usually about 12. 
 
 Leaves flat or nearly so. Ovary quite glabrous or rarely pubescent all over. 
 
 Racemes dense. Leaves usually opposite or verticillate 3 together. Ovary 2 6-celled. 
 Leaves obovate. Ovary 2-celled. Staminodes 0. 14. E. bilocularis. 
 
 Leaves obvate-oblong. Ovary 2-, 4-, 6-celled. Staminodes 0. 15. E. macrophylla. 
 Leaves oblanceolate-oblong. Ovary 4-, 6-celled. Staminodes 0-4. 16. E. daphnoides. 
 Male racemes lax. Leaves subopposite or alternate. Ovary 4-celled. 
 
 Ovary glabrous. Staminodes 0. Abyssinian. 17. E. Kellau. 
 
 Ovary pubescent or rarely glabrous. Staminodes 2 4. S.African. 18. E.racemosa. 
 Leaves wavy or very small. Ovary hairy at base, glabrous above. 19. E. undulata. 
 
 1. EUCLEA POLYANDRA, E. Mey. Cat. PL exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg, p. 7 (1837). 
 
 E. foliis ellipticis, alternis vel suboppositis, obtusis, basi subangustatis rotundatis vel raris- 
 sime cordatis, breviter petiolatis, coriaceis, planis ; cymis racemosis ; floribus 57-meris, dicecis, 
 corolld apice lobatd ; staminibus 20 30, in fionbus femineis ; ovario hirsute. 
 
 Royena polyandra, Linn. fil. Suppl. p. 240 (1781), non Willd. Hb. n. 8366 ; 
 
 Diplonema elliptica, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. rv. p. 42 (1837); 
 
 Rymia polyandra, Endl. Cat. hort. Acad. Vindob. II. p. 123, n. 4583 (1843) ; 
 
 E. elliptica, Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 216. n. 1 (1844) ; 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 93 
 
 E. Drlgeana, Alph. DO. I. c. n. 2 ; 
 
 E. ferruginea, Bernh. in Flora xxvil. ii. p. 825 (1844) ; 
 
 E. pubescens, Eckl. et Zeyh. in Linnsea xx. p. 192 (1847) ; 
 
 JBrachycheila pubescens, Harv. ex Eckl. et Zeyh. I.e. 
 
 A. shrub 3 7 feet high, pubescent often ferruginous but sometimes glabrescent at 
 least in the male plant, dioscious. Branches terete or subterete, alternate or subopposite. 
 Leaves more or less elliptical, alternate or subopposite, more or less obtuse at apex, some- 
 what narrowed, rounded, or even in rare cases cordate at base, coriaceous, quite entire, 
 flat, shortly petiolate, 1 Sin. long by J lin. wide; petioles -fa in. long. 
 
 <J . Cymes racemose, axillary, pubescent, 3 9-flowered, usually drooping, J IJin. long; 
 pedicels ^ | in. long, the lower ones the longer ; bracts lanceolate, caducous. Flowers | in. 
 long, urceolate, 5 7-merous, pubescent. Calyx ^ r ^in. long, glabrous inside; lobes lanceolate 
 or deltoid. Corolla urceolate, lobed only near apex. Stamens 20 30, more or less united at 
 base in pairs or otherwise, hairy. Ovary more or less abortive, with two slender styles. 
 
 9 . Cymes usually 3- rarely 4 5-flowered, axillary, -fa \ in. long, pubescent or tomen- 
 tose, usually drooping ; pedicels short \ bracts caducous. Flowers ^ in. long, ellipsoidal, 5 7- 
 merous. Calyx shorter than the corolla, 5 7-fid ; lobes ovate or deltoid. Corolla shortly 
 lobed at apex. Staminodes 0. Ovary ovoid-conical, hairy, 4-celled, 4-ovuled, -^ in. long, sur- 
 mounted by 2 short styles glabrous above which just appear at the mouth of the corolla. 
 Stigmas emarginate. Fruit usually solitary, occasionally 2 3 together, tomentose, usually 
 ferruginous, globular i J in. in diameter, 1-celled, 1-seeded. Seed globular ; albumen some- 
 what ruminated. 
 
 The shrub is called Kersse-bosch by the natives in South Africa. 
 
 Frequent in S. and SW. districts of Cape Colony up to 2000ft. alt. Masson! ; Nivenf 47, 
 53; R. C.Alexander!; Burchell! 4807?, 4873?, 4998?, 6941; Ecklon! 727; Krauss; Zeyher! 
 3362, 3363, 3364; Drlge! 
 
 2. EUCLEA TOMENTOSA, E. Mey. Cat. PL exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7 (1837). 
 
 E. foliis alternis, ellipticis, basi cuneatis, apice obtusiusculis vel obtuse angustatis, tomen- 
 tosis, planis, coriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; cymis breviter racemosis, 1 8-floris ; flaribus 5 7- 
 meris, dicecis ; corolld apice lobatd ; staminibus 18, in floribus femineis ; ovario tomentoso, 
 4-loculari. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 216. n. 3 (1844). 
 
 E. Kraussiana Bernh. in Flora xxvil. ii. p. 824 (1844). 
 
 A shrub about 4 feet high or more with dark brown bark and branches cinereo- 
 tomentose at the extremities. Leaves alternate, elliptical, in most cases obtusely pointed 
 or mucronate at apex and wedge-shaped or obtusely narrowed at base, coriaceous, tomen- 
 tose, shortly petiolate, 1 If in. long by \ f in. wide ; petioles -^ fa in. long. 
 
 <5. Cymes racemose, axillary, few 8-flowered, much shorter than the leaves, pedicels 
 rather longer than the flowers, crowded. Stamens 18, free or somewhat connate at the base. 
 
94 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 ? . Cymes tomentose, densely racemose, axillary, 1 several-flowered, pendulous, shorter 
 than the leaves ; pedicels ^ in. long. Flowers in. long, 5 7-merous, when solitary with 
 numerous imbricated caducous bracts on the short peduncle. Corolla ^ in. long, shortly lobed, 
 villous outside, glabrous inside, urceolate or campanulate, nearly 3 times the length of the 
 calyx. Staminodes 0. Ovary tomentose, 4-celled, 4-ovuled. Styles 2, nearly glabrous. Fruit 
 solitary, on peduncle ^5 in. long, pubescent erect or erect-patent. Immature fruit ovoid, 
 somewhat conical at apex, incano-tomentose, 4-celled, | Jin. long by \ r5 m - thick. 
 Fruiting calyx 5 7-fid, very tomentose, shallow; lobes deltoid. 
 
 Called Kersboschjes also Faxlidls-bosch by the natives in South Africa. 
 
 Occurs in Western districts of Cape Colony up to 2000ft. alt. Masson! ; Dregef; 
 Krauss ; (?) Burchell ! 987. Namaqualand, Wltitehead ! 
 
 3. EUCLEA CORIACEA, Alph. DC. Prodr. vnr. p. 216. n. 4 (1844). 
 
 E. foliis ovatis, alternis, plerumque acutis, apiculatis, basi latis et subcordatis, subgla- 
 brescentibus, breviter petiolatis, undatis ; cymis densis, 1 %-floris, $ 3 7-floris ; floribus 
 5 Q-meris, dicecis; corolld apice lobatd; staminibus 16 17; fructibus globosis, subglabratis. 
 
 Euclea n. 9140, E. Mey. Zwei Pflanz. Doc. Dreg, in Flora xxvi. ii. p. 48(1843). 
 
 Royena n. 9140, Dreg, ex Alph. DC. I.e. (Hb. DC!). 
 
 A dense shrub with strong dark-cinereous branches. Young parts and inflorescence slightly 
 pubescent. Leaves alternate, ovate, more or less acute, apiculate, wide and subcordate at base ; 
 coriaceous, pubescent, nearly glabrescent, without evident veins above, veined and duller 
 beneath, 1 2 in. long by J IJin. wide; margins wavy, sometimes obscurely crenulate; 
 petioles ranging up to in. long. Bracts ovate, small, caducous. 
 
 Flowers ^ in. long, axillary, 1 3 together, crowded ; pedicels shorter than the flowers. 
 Calyx 5 6-fid ; lobes ovate, acute. Corolla urceolate, 4 times the length of the calyx, 5 6- 
 lobed at the apex. Stamens 16 17, sometimes in pairs; anthers linear lanceolate, silky at the 
 back. Ovary rudimentary. 
 
 $. Flowers 3 7 together ; peduncles very short ; pedicels ranging up to -j^y in. long. Calyx 
 (in fruit) 5 6-fid, nearly flat, stellate, iin. in diameter; lobes ovate or lanceolate, acute. 
 Fruit globose, ^ f in. in diameter, subglabrate or minutely puberulous, 1-celled, 1-seeded ; 
 seeds subglobose, about Jin. in diameter, marked outside with depressed curved lines; testa 
 intruded -into the hard ruminated albumen. 
 
 East-midland districts of Cape Colony, S. Africa. Tafelberg, Drege !, in moist and rocky 
 places, 6000 7000ft. alt. (in <$ flower, December); side of Mount Oudeberg near Graaff Reinet, 
 4500ft. alt., November, Bolus! n. 638 (in fruit). 
 
 4. EUCLEA ACUTIFOLIA, E. Mey. Cat. PI. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7 (1837). 
 
 E. foliis alternis, oblo'ngo-lanceolatis, apiculatis, coriaceis, glabris, basi cuneatis, subsessili- 
 bus ; cymis femineis dense racemosis ; calyce 6-lobato ; corolld apice lobatd; ovario dense piloso; 
 fructibus dense racemosis, globosis, glabrescentibus. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACEvE. 95 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 217. n. 5 (1844). 
 
 Shrub with glabrous leaves and branches. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, apiculate, thickly 
 coriaceous, alternate, cuneate at base, subsessile, erect, subglaucescent, 1| 2| in. in length by 
 about J in. in width. 
 
 ? . Fruit densely racemose on cymes J in. long ; pedicels very short, 3 7 ; flowers 
 in. long, cylindrico-urceolate, pubescent, pentamerous. Calyx short. Corolla lobed at apex. 
 Ovary densely pilose ; styles 2, erect, glabrous ; ' stigmas dilated. Fruit globose, glabrescent, 
 finely netted, dark, | \ in. in diameter. Fruit-calyx very small, with 6 or more lobes ; seeds 
 unequally divided by three depressed lines ; albumen slightly ruminated. 
 
 South Western districts, Cape of Good Hope. I have seen this plant only in fruit. The 
 flower is unknown. Between Vierentwintig-rivier and Pikenierskloof on the plain, under 
 500 feet, January, Drege!; Ecklon and Zeyher! 
 
 5, EUCLEA LANCEA, Thunb.! Prodr. PL Capens., pars posterior, p. 85 (1800). 
 
 E. foliis alternis, lineari-lanceolatis vel oblanceolatis, incequalibus, inferioribus apice rotun- 
 datis superioribus acutis, subsessilibus, glabris ; cymis 3-floris ; floribus subhermaphroditis (?), 
 5 6-meris ; corolld apice lobatd, subglabrd; staminibu-s 15; ovario hirsute. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 219. n. 16 (1844). 
 
 A glabrous shrub, erect, 3 ft. or more high. Branches alternate, terete, erect-patent 
 Leaves alternate, subsessile, linear-lanceolate or -oblanceolate, unequal, the lower ones rounded, 
 the upper acute at the apex, attenuate at base, coriaceous, 1 2 in. long by about in. wide, 
 entire, inconspicuously reticulato-venose. Flowers axillary, " in 3-flowered cymes," very nearly 
 glabrous, urceolate, f in. long by in. wide (imperfectly hermaphrodite ?). Calyx short, ^ in. 
 high by ^ in. wide, obscurely 5 6-lobed, coriaceous. Corolla 5 6-lobed at apex, shortly 
 ciliate, imbricated in aestivation. Stamens 15, alternately (?) in pairs and single; the pairs 
 consisting of 2 equal or unequal anthers placed back and front on a common filament or 
 combined by their filaments, alternating with the corolla-lobes. Anthers pointed, with short 
 patent pale setae on upper half, dehiscing laterally; filaments dark glabrous slender, shorter 
 than the majority of the anthers, mostly inserted at the base of the corolla. Ovary hairy, 
 ^ in. wide and long, ovoid-conical, rudimentary or 4-celled ? and -ovuled ? Styles 2, glabrous, 
 erect ; stigmas punctiform, emarginate at apex. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. Thunberg ! 
 
 Near E. pseudebenus, E. Meyer, but differs by its obtuse lower leaves and nearly glabrous 
 corolla; it may possibly include E. pseudebenus as a form of the same species. 
 
 6. EUCLEA PSEUDEBENUS, E. Mey. Cat. PI. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7 (1837). 
 
 E. foliis alternis, linearibus vel lineari-lanceolatis, apiculatis, glabris, breviter petiolatis; 
 cymis masculis racemosis 3 7-Jloris, femineis parvis 1 3-floris; floribus dicecis, plerumgue 
 o-meris; corolld pubescente, apice lobatd; staminibus 16 22, in flore femineo 0; ovario 
 pubescente, 4i-loculari. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACEJE. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 217. n. 7 (1844). 
 E. rigida, E. Mey. 1. c., Alph. DC. I. c. n. 6. 
 
 E. angustifolia, Benth. Niger Fl. p. 441 (1849). Leaves and branches glabrous or pu- 
 bescent. Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, apiculate, erect or patent, alternate, coriaceous 
 very shortly petiolate, crowded, 1 2 in. in length by -^ J in. in width ; petioles $ ^ in. in 
 length. 
 
 <J. Cymes racemose, hairy, bearing 3 7 flowers, erect or erect-patent, f in. in 
 length ; pedicels slender, ^ in. in length ; flowers -fa f in. in length, puberulous or 
 incano-pubescent, usually pentamerous, rarely hexamerous ; calyx with deltoid lobes reaching 
 half way down; corolla lobed at apex; stamens 16 22, with a few bristles on the lanceo- 
 late anthers or glabrous ; filaments more or less combined at the base, inserted around base 
 of rudimentary ovary. 
 
 ? . Flowers solitary or two or three together, or in small cymes, f in. in length, pen- 
 tamerous ; peduncles ^ f in. in length, not drooping. Stamens ; styles 2 ; ovary 4-celled, 
 pubescent; fruit 1-celled, 1-seeded, glabrescent, globular, ^ in. in diameter; albumen not or 
 scarcely ruminated ; fruit edible, fleshy, sweet and slightly astringent ; seeds marked by three 
 depressed lines. 
 
 There are three forms of this species according as the plant is glabrous with linear 
 leaves, pubescent with linear leaves, or glabrous with linear-lanceolate glaucescent leaves. 
 The two latter forms belong to E. angustifolia, Benth. and E. rigida, E. Mey. respectively. 
 
 It is known by the names of Orange river ebony, black ebony, zwartebbenhout, and 
 sneezewood. It is a large shrub, 6 8 ft. high or a tree, the heart-wood of which is extremely 
 hard and black. It occurs in the western districts of South Africa, up to an elevation of 
 4000 ft., and reaches the tropics. Drege! ; Niven! n. 46. Namaqualand, Dr Atlierstone! n. 2; 
 Wyley! S. W. Tropical Africa, lat. 23, Chapman and Baines!; Curror! ; Angola, Distr. 
 Mossamedes, shrub, 5 8 feet high, flowers white, direcious, fruit the size of a pea, edible, 
 glaucous-bluish (as in Juniperus communis), called by the natives (as also Euclea lanceolata) 
 Embolo, quite frequent in thickets and woods in company with Tamarix and Cordia near 
 the rivers Bero and Maiombo, Dr Welwitschf nos. 2543, 2544. 
 
 NOTE. This species may prove identical with E. lancea, Thunb. 
 
 7. EUCLEA LINEARIS, Zeyher in Linnsea xx. p. 192 (1847, sine descriptione). 
 
 E. foliis alternis suboppositis vel oppositis, linearibus, acutis, falcatis, numerosis, sessililms, 
 gldbris ; cymis racemosis, 3 7-floris ; floribus dicecis, tetrameris ; corolla breviter 4-fidd ; 
 staminibus 16, in flore femineo ; ovario hirsute. 
 
 Plant quite glabrous and subglaucous, dioecious, 2J 3ft. high. Branches numerous, at 
 about 35 with stem. Leaves alternate opposite or subopposite, linear, acute, usually some- 
 what falcate, sessile, numerous, 1 to 2| in. in length by -^ in. in width. Cymes racemose, 
 bearing 3 7 flowers, \ to \ in. in length (excluding flower), usually drooping ; 2 to \ in. 
 in length, pedicels not exceeding ^ in. in length, less on the $ plant, opposite or alternate, 
 falling short of or equalling the bracts; bracts at base of pedicels, caducous. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 97 
 
 cJ. Flower ^ in. in length. Calyx small, flattish, 4-fid. with wide lobes. Corolla barrel- 
 shaped, 4-lobed, many times higher than calyx; lobes about J depth of corolla, not reflexed, 
 semi-circular and imbricated in flower. Stamens 1C, the few inner ones smaller, glabrous or 
 nearly so, -fr fa in. long ; anthers oblong, 2-celled, dehiscing laterally, thick ; filaments very 
 short, thinner than anthers, inserted with corolla. Ovary rudimentary, slightly hairy, terminated 
 by 1 or 2 styles. 
 
 9 . Bracts linear, rather longer than pedicel ; flower about fa in. in length. Calyx 
 campanulate, ^5 in. in height, 4-lobed; lobes not quite half the depth of the calyx, with 
 intervening sinuses in the form of arcs of circles. Corolla openly campanulate, shortly 4-fid, 
 with spreading not reflexed oval or ovate lobes, fa in. in length ; stamens 0. Ovary ellipsoidal, 
 hairy, terminated by 2 thick glabrous styles, fa in. in height ; styles ^ in. long, erect, con- 
 tiguous, dilated, and emarginate at apex ; ovary 4-celled, 4-ovuled, two of the septa being very 
 slender, namely, those opposite the styles. 
 
 Rarely a flower is pentamerous. 
 
 Western districts of Cape Colony, South Africa. Zeyher! 1125, Windhoek, Olifant River ; 
 Burke! Great Fish River. 
 
 8. EUCLEA LANCEOLATA, E. Mey. Cat. PI. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7 (1837). 
 
 E. foliis alternis vel oppositis, lanceolatis ovatis vel anguste ellipticis, apice obtusis vel 
 subacutis, plerumque undulatis et basi in petiolum brevem angustatis, integerrimis ; cymis race- 
 mosis, 3 9-Jforis ; floribus dicecis, 4- raro 5- meris ; calyce campanulato ; corolla 4 5-fidd ; 
 staminibus 16 17, in flore femineo 0; ovario hirsutissimo. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 218. n. 12 (1844). 
 
 E. ochrocarpa, E. Mey. Zwei Pflanz. Doc. Dreg. p. 184; in Flora, 1843; Alph. DC. I.e. 
 p. 217. n. 9. 
 
 E. desertorum, Eckl. and Zeyh. in Linnsea XX. p. 192 (1847). 
 
 Pubescent glabrous or glaucescent shrub or tree, ranging up to 20 25 feet high and 
 trunk up to 10 15 inches thick; dioscious; branches terete, at 30 45; young shoots angular. 
 Leaves lanceolate ovate or narrowly elliptical, alternate or opposite, coriaceous, obtuse or 
 subacute at apex (very rarely acute), more or less undulating at the entire margins, often 
 narrowed at base into the short petiole, 1 3 in. long by -fa 1 J^ in. wide ; petioles fa J in. 
 long. Inflorescence racemose, often with leaf-like bracts. 
 
 $. Racemes \ 1 in. long, 3 9-flowered ; occasionally two racemes proceed from the 
 same axil ; pedicels -fa ^ in. long. Flowers usually tetramerous, occasionally pentamerous, 
 fa ^ in. long. Calyx widely campanulate, small ; . lobes deltoid, about half the length of 
 the calyx. Corolla campanulate ; lobes ovate or oval, about half the length of the corolla, 
 somewhat pubescent outside. Stamens 16 17 (very rarely 8 10), mostly inserted in pairs 
 at base of corolla, shorter than the corolla ; anthers hispid or nearly glabrous, as long as the 
 slender filaments. Ovary rudimentary, hirsute ; styles 2, glabrous. 
 
 2 . Racemes J in. long, pubescent, 3 5-flowered ; pedicels ^ in. long. Flowers tetra- 
 merous or pentamerous. Calyx and corolla as in the male plant. Staminodes 0. Ovary sub- 
 globose, very hirsute, 4-celled ; styles 2, glabrous, as high as the corolla. Fruit globular, in. 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 13 
 
98 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 in diameter, pubescent or glabrescent, 1-celled, 1-seeded. Testa intruded some distance into 
 the albumen. 
 
 A very variable species, and in some cases difficult to separate from E. ovata, BurcL, to 
 which possibly it ought to be united ; it is also nearly related to E. divinorum. It is called 
 Omgwali by the Kaffirs, according to Dr Pappe. 
 
 South Africa; Cape Colony, Namaqualand, Natal and Trans-Vaal ; common. Massonf; 
 Burchell! 4880, 4938, 5648; Drege! ; Ecklon! 1123. Uitenhage, Harvey I 575, 690; Zeyher! 
 3355,3357,3359?; Bothasberg, in stony places at 2000ft. alt. Mac Owan! 902; Bruintjies 
 Hoghte, 4000 ft. alt. Mac Owan! 1740; Albany, T. Williamson!; Caffraria, Bowker! 324; 
 Namaqualand, Drege!; Natal, Gerrard! 33, 528, 1155, 1156, 1605; Macalisberg, Trans-Vaal, 
 Burke ! 
 
 Dr Welwitsch has collected the following forms from Benguela: 
 
 a. Leaves glabrous and shining, young ones lepidote; branches spreading. 
 
 Benguela, Distr. Bumbo, 15 South Latitude, 2000 ft. altitude ; shrub, 8 ft. high, in thickets ; 
 in male flower at end of October; Dr Welwitsch f n. 2548. Distr. Mossamedes; much branched 
 shrub, 5 8 ft. high, branches occasionally 3 or 4 together; <J flowers of pale rose-colour; 
 frequent in rocky places near the river Meriombo in company with Tamarix articulata and 
 Ximenia americana, from Pedra de Rei almost to Bumbo ; Dr Welwitsch ! n. 2547. Distr 
 Huilla ; shrub 4 6 ft. high, with rather rigid and tortuous ramification ; 2 flowers fallen ; 
 ovary hairy; at margins of woods between Mumpulla and Nene, at end of October; Dr 
 Welwitsch ! n. 2549. Distr. Benguela ; shrub 4 6 ft. high, with virgate usually opposite 
 branches; in maritime thickets near the city of Benguela; fruit in middle of June; Dr 
 Welwitsch! n. 2545. Distr. Mossamedes; shrub, occasionally arborescent, 7 12 ft. high, ever- 
 green ; frequent in sandy and rocky thickets very near the river Bero ; July ; native name 
 Nboto or Emboto ; fruit edible, berries red ; Dr Welwitsch ! n. 2546. 
 
 /3. Leaves and shoots pubescent. Branches ascending. 
 
 Benguela, Distr. Huilla; small shrub 1 1J ft. high; flowers white; in somewhat stony 
 thickets near Mumpulla, not unfrequent ; male flower in October ; Dr Welwitsch ! n. 2550 ; 
 Cfr. E. ovata, Burch. Distr. Huilla ; small shrub 1 1 J ft. high, subcoespitose ; frequent in 
 steep pastures on right bank of river Lopollo in company with small myrtaceous plants ; flowers 
 in November, fruits in February; Dr Welwitsch! nn. 2551, 2552. 
 
 The following two specimens may also belong to this variable species: 
 
 Distr. Huilla ; a small shrub, 6 8 in. high, from a woody base ; fruit dark purple, edible, 
 in. in diameter ; in moist sandy thickets on the right bank of the river Lopollo in com- 
 pany with small species of Eugenia and Celastrus ; fruit in January ; Dr Welwitsch ! n. 2553. 
 Arborescent shrub ; in thickets on the sides of large rocks ; Pedras de Guinga, Angola. Distr. 
 Pungo Andongo; March, in young fruit; Dr Welwitsch! n. 1247. 
 
 9. EUCLEA OVATA, Burch. Trav. Int. S. Afr. i. p. 387 (1822). 
 
 E. foliis ellipticis vel acute ovatis, oppositis vel alternis, plerumque apiculatis, breviter 
 petiolatis, rigidis, margine planis et minute crenulatis vel undulatis et integerrimis ; cymis 
 racemosis, 3 *l-ftoris ; floribus sub-dicecis vel polygamis ; calyce depresso-campanulato ; corolla 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 99 
 
 4 5-fidd ; staminibus 16 vel 20, in floribus sub-hermaphroditis circiter 12; ovario hirsute; 
 fructibus globosis, primum pubescentibus, demiim glabris. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vni. p. 218. n. 13 (1844). 
 
 Celastrus crispus, Thunb. Fl. Cap. edit. ii. vol. II. p. 115 (1820). Cfr. Sond. in Harv. 
 et Sond. Fl. Cap. I. p. 461 (185960). 
 
 K rufescens, E. Mey. Cat. PL Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg, p. 7 (1837). 
 
 Royena rufescens, E. Mey. Cat. PI. Dreg. p. 154 (Flora, 1843). 
 
 A densely leafy shrub pubescent or sometimes glabrescent, 3 7 ft. high ; branches terete, 
 at 50 60". Leaves opposite or alternate, elliptical or narrowly ovate, usually apiculate, acute 
 or obtuse, coriaceous, shortly petiolate, minutely crenulate or quite entire, flat or undulated, 
 1 3 in. long by \ 1 in. wide ; petioles ^5 fa in. long. Eacemes 3 7-flowered, at length 
 drooping, -$5 | in. long ; pedicels ^ $ in. long ; flowers tetramerous or occasionally penta- 
 merous, suh-dicecious or polygamous, pubescent, -fa J in. long. Calyx shortly campanulate ; 
 lobes deltoid. Corolla campanulate, 4 5-fid. Stamens 16 or 20, in subhermaphrodite flowers 
 about 12, hairy; filaments slender, glabrous. Styles 2, glabrous; ovary hirsute, globose or ovoid, 
 (2) 4-celled. 
 
 Fruit globose, black, of the size of a pea, at first pubescent but at length glabrous. 
 
 The flavour of the fruit is pleasant with a little astringency and perfectly wholesome. 
 
 The variety with undulated leaves 20 stamens and less deeply divided corolla (E. ru- 
 fescens) much resembles E. coriacea, Alph. DC. 
 
 Occurs in midland districts of Cape Colony and northwards into the Kalihari region 
 of South Africa. Burchell! 1706, 24872, 24877, 2542, 2920, 30581, 30582, 3102; 
 Drege / 
 
 10. EUCLEA DIVINOEUM, sp. nov. 
 
 E. foliis ellipticis, oppositis, a media utrinque angustatis, obtusis, breviter petiolatis, suprct, 
 glaucescentibus, undulatis; cymis masculis conferto-racemosis vel-paniculatis ; floribus 4 5-meris, 
 dicecis ; corolla profunde 4 5-lobd; staminibus 16. 
 
 Shrub, 'nearly glabrous and somewhat glaucous, with opposite or subopposite leaves and 
 branches; branches terete, making 30 40 with the stem. Leaves elliptical, narrowed more 
 or less from the middle towards both ends especially towards the base into the short petiole, 
 obtuse, coriaceous, glaucescent above, reddish and somewhat farinaceous beneath ; margins 
 undulated; veins inconspicuous; 1 2in. long by |in. wide; petioles about in. long. 
 Bracts small, shorter than the pedicels, caducous. 
 
 Male flowers in crowded racemes or panicles, about 10 or more together, globular in 
 bud, hemispherical when expanded, tetramerous or pentamerous. Cymes not exceeding ^in. 
 long by Jin. broad, usually erect; pedicels about ^in. long, spreading. Calyx ^in. high, 
 
 4 5-fid; lobes small or depresso-deltoid. Corolla deeply 4 5-lobed, with a few whitish 
 
 appressed hairs outside especially along the middle of the lobes, nearly glabrous inside ; lobes 
 rounded. Stamens 16, not in pairs, fain, long, as high as the expanded corolla; anthers 
 oblong, hairy ; filaments shorter, glabrous. Ovary rudimentary, consisting of an ovoid bunch 
 
 of hairs. 
 
 132 
 
100 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Female plant unknown. Called by the natives in Batoka country Matlakula, Mosakola, 
 where it is the medicine of the diviners being rubbed in the hands. 
 
 South Tropical Africa, Victoria Falls, Dr Kirk! ; Delagoa Bay, Forbes! 
 
 11. EUCLEA MULTIFLORA, sp. nov. PLATE III. 
 
 E. foliis ellipticis vel oblongis, apice rotundatis vel obtusis, basi subangustatis, alternis 
 vel raro suboppositis ; cymis prcesertim masculis paniculatis, multiftoris ; floribus polygamis, 
 5- raro 6-meris ; calyce campanulato ; corolla profunde lobatd; staminibus numero corollas 
 loborum quadruplis, in flore femineo ; ovario hirsuto. 
 
 Pubescent subglabrous or even subglaucous shrub, usually subferruginous, polygamous 
 but usually dioecious, sometimes hermaphrodite, 2 10 ft. high. Branches usually angular near 
 the extremities. Leaves elliptical or oblong, usually rounded or obtuse at apex and somewhat 
 narrowed at base into the petiole, coriaceous, alternate or rarely sub-opposite, often dark and 
 shining on the upper surface ; veins usually not conspicuous ; margins undulated or plane ; 
 1 4 in. in length by ^ 1 in. in width ; petiole T ^ in. in length. Flowers especially the 
 male ones paniculate, sometimes as many as 30 in one panicle, variable in size, tetramerous 
 or pentamerous or rarely hexamerous. Calyx campanulate, hairy, with ovate or deltoid lobes 
 extending about half way down the calyx. Corolla about twice as long as the calyx, dark, 
 deeply lobed; lobes oval usually with a hairy keel outside. Stamens 4 times as numerous 
 as the lobes of the corolla in the male or hermaphrodite plants, none in the female plant, 
 subglabrous or somewhat hairy, in pairs inserted at base of corolla or around base of ovary, 
 outer ones longer, enclosed in corolla ; filaments glabrous. Ovary in male flowers often abor- 
 tive, in female or hermaphrodite flowers globular, hairy, 4-celled, cells 1-ovuled; styles 2, 
 glabrous or nearly so, included within the corolla. 
 
 A variable and widely distributed plant. Flowers in August and fruits from September 
 to October. Fruit at first pubescent, in most cases ferruginously so, subsequently black and 
 glabrous, globular, ^jin. in diameter, 1-celled, 1-seeded. Embryo curved and tending to be 
 incumbent. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope, Natal and Angola. 
 
 Wallich! ; fBergiusf; Zeyher! 767, 778, 3361; Grahamstown, Mac Owan! ; Burchell, 
 3510, 3572, 3980 (seeds consumed by a species of Apion), 4835; Albany, Miss Bowker! ; 
 Eastern districts, Button ! ; British Kaffraria, Cooper ! 44 ; Clanwilliam, Zeyher ! ; Natal, 
 6-ueinzius f , Cooper ! 1253, Gerrardf 92, 699. 
 
 Benguela, Distr. Huilla, Dr Welwitsch! n. 2557, arborescent shrub 5 8, sometimes 
 10ft. high, forming a dense dark green head, young fruit 1- rarely 2-seeded, hirsute-tomen- 
 tose, in thickets, Matus de Monino, February. Do. Dr Welwitsch ! n. 2555, bush 4 8 ft. high, 
 in high thickets near Tau, in bud, May. Do. Dr Welwitsch ! n. 1258, handsome shrub 5 8 
 feet high, in thickets at the skirts of woods near Lopollo, leaves frequently attacked by a 
 fungus (Sphceria). Angola, distr. Pungo Andongo, Dr Welwitsch! n. 1257, bush 5 7 feet 
 high with erect trunk 2 2 J in. in diameter and spreading branches towards the top, branches 
 and fruit tomentose, at first whitish, soon becoming rufous, leaves dark green with a high 
 polish, in stony woods at Barrancos de Catele, young fruit in December. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 101 
 
 Plate III. Fig. 1. Flowering branch, natur&l size. a. Flower unexpanded, magnified 
 5 diameters, b. Flower expanded, magnified 5 diameters, c. Interior of corolla with stamens, 
 laid open, magnified 6 diameters, d. Pistil, magnified 5 diameters. 
 
 Fig. 2. Flowering branch of another form of the same species, natural size. e. Flower 
 unexpanded, magnified 5 diameters. /. Flower expanded, magnified 5 diameters. 
 
 12. EUCLEA FRUCTUOSA, sp. nov. 
 
 E. foliis dbovato-dblongis, basi in petiolum cuneatis, alternis vel suboppositis ; cymis femineis 
 racemosis vel paniculatis, 3 20-jloris ; calyce 4 5-lobo, tubo in fructu. farcto, lobis deltoideis 
 parvis ; corolld 4 o-fidd (?), interdum ad fructus apicem marcescente ; fructibus numerosis, 
 fulvo-pubescentibus. 
 
 Varying in size from '-a' small to an arborescent ahrub with softly pubescent fulvous 
 and terete branches spreading at 35 40" with the stem. Leaves obovate-oblbng, cuneate at 
 base into the petiole, coriaceous, quickly glabrescent and nitescent, alternate or subopposite; 
 margins reflexed, net-veins numerous and delicate ; 1J 4 in. in length by | 1 in.' in width ; 
 petioles -^ |in. in length, pubescent. 
 
 $ Kacemes or panicles -fo 1 in. in length, bearing from 3 20 flowers and nearly as 
 many fruits, pubescent; pedicels short not exceeding ^in.. in length, dilated upwards in 
 fruit to articulation with calyx. Fruit pale or darker, fulvo-pubescent, about f in. in diameter, 
 1-celled, 1 seeded ; embryo somewhat curved and tending to be incumbent ; albumen not 
 ruminated. Calyx 5-lobed ; lobes deltoid, acute, small ; tube consolidated in fruit and bearing 
 fruit at its apex. Corolla 4 5-fid (?) ; sometimes marcescent ; lobes ovate. 
 
 Known only in fruit. Grows in dry places, &c. East Tropical Africa. Zambesia, Luame 
 river mouth, 8 Feb. 1861, Dr Kirk!; between Tette and the sea coast,. 16 March, .1860, 
 Dr Kirld; Zanguebar, Dar Salam, October to December, 1868, Dr Kirk I 
 
 13. EUCLEA NATALENSis, Alph. DC. Prodr. viil. p. 218, n. 10 (1844). 
 
 E. foliis alternis, anguste ellipticis, basi cuneatis, petiolatis, undulatis, glabrescentibus ; 
 cymis femineis racemosis, 8 \0-floris; calyce fructifero- 4 5-fido, tubo farcto, lobis deltoideis; 
 fructibus subglabris. 
 
 E. macrophylla, E. Mey. d, non a, b, Zwei Pflanz. Doc. Dreg. p. 184 in Flora 1843. 
 
 Royena macrophylla, E. Meyer, d ! in Hb. DC. (Prodr. I. c.) 
 
 Young parts pubescent. Leaves alternate, erect, narrowly elliptical and cuneate at base 
 into petiole, coriaceous, glabrescent, 2 4 in. in length by \ | in. in width ; margins undu* 
 lated ; petioles -^ in. in length. 
 
 $ Racemes solitary about in. in length, bearing 8 10 flowers and about 4 fruits. Pedi- 
 cels very short, dilated upwards in fruit to articulation with calyx. Calyx 4 5-fid, glabrescent ; 
 lobes deltoid, acute ; tube consolidated in fruit, with small spreading limb, and bearing fruit 
 at its apex. Berry dark, sub-glabrous, globular \ in. in diameter, 1-celled, 1-seeded; seed 
 globose, black, marked outside with 3 longitudinal lines, albumen, somewhat ruminated. 
 
 Port Natal. Drege ! ; Peddie! 
 
102 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 14. EUCLEA BILOCULARIS, sp. UOV. 
 
 E. foliis alternis oppositis et in tribus verticillatis, obovatis, apice rotundatis, basi cuneatis, 
 breviter petiolatis ; cymis femineis racemosis, sub-Q-Jloris ; pedicellis brevissimis ; floribus tetra- 
 meris; calyce 4>-dentato ; cor olid breviter 4-lobd; staminodiis ; ovario biloculari, glabro, loculis 
 biovulatis. 
 
 Glabrous. Branches at 50, sometimes whorled 3 together. Leaves obovate, cuneate at 
 base, rounded at apex, somewhat undulating, coriaceous, alternate opposite and in whorls of 
 3; veins inconspicuous, in relief on both sides, dark green above, ruddier beneath; 2 Sin. 
 long by If in. wide, shortly petiolate ; petioles about -^ in. long. 
 
 Racemes of 9 flowers (in bud) short, about J in. long, bearing about 9 very short 
 pedicels. Flower-buds -^ in. long, tetramerous, with short cup-shaped 4-toothed calyx and 
 corolla shortly 4-lobed. Staminodes 0. Ovary 2-celled, with 2 ovules in each cell, glabrous. 
 
 East tropical Africa, Zanzibar, Dr Kirk ! 
 
 A male plant from Madagascar collected by Bojer ! may belong to this species ; it has 
 16 18 stamens. 
 
 15. E. MACEOPHTLLA, E. Mey, Cat. PI. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. Dreg. p. 7 (1837). 
 
 JE. foliis in tribus verticillatis vel oppositis, obovato-oblongis, breviter petiolatis, subcoriaceis ; 
 cymis femineis 8 15-Jloris, floribus tetrameris, calyce 4-jldo, corolla 4>-fidd, staminodiis 0, ovario 
 4- vel raro Q-loculari, glabro. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 218. n. 11 (1844). 
 
 Glabrous. Stem nodose; branches at 60", often verticillate three together, straight. 
 Leaves obovate-oblong, rounded at apex, cuneate at base, shortly petiolate, sub-coriaceous, 
 opposite or subverticillate three together ; margins reflexed, plane or wavy ; veins delicate ; 
 2 4 in. in length by J 1J in. in width ; petiole -fa to \ in. in length. 
 
 ?. Flowers in cymes which measure \ 1 in. in length and bear 8 15 flowers; pedicels 
 JL to \ in. in length ; flowers tetramerous. Calyx 4-fid, shortly cup-shaped, with deltoid-pointed 
 lobes. Corolla campanulate, 4-fid; lobes obtuse or mucronate. Stamens or represented by 
 a few hairs at circumference of disk. Ovary glabrous, 4- or rarely 6-celled, with one ovule 
 in each cell ; at the upper part the ovary is frequently 2-celled, according to Dr Atherstone, 
 in consequence of two of the dissepiments being false; styles 2. 
 
 South Eastern districts, Cape of Good Hope. Enon in woods under 500 feet high, March, 
 Uitenhage, Drege ! in 9 flower ; Grahamstown, Dr Atherstone ! 461. 
 
 16. EUCLEA DAPHNOIDES, sp. nov. 
 
 E. foliis alternis oppositis vel in tribus verticillatis, oblanceolato-oblongis, subsessilibiis ; 
 cymis racemosis ; floris 4 5-meris ; calyce 4 5-fido ; corolla profunde 4 5-lobd ; staminibus 
 circiter 12, uniserialibus, in flore femineo vel 4 effcetis; stylis 2 3; ovario glabro, 4- vel 
 Q-loculari. 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 103 
 
 Glabrous shrub, 2 4 feet higb or more, or even a low tree. Stem shining and turning 
 pale yellowish ; branches at 40 50 with stem, alternate opposite or subverticillate. Leaves 
 alternate opposite or 3 in a whorl, varnished on surface, crowded, oblanceolate-oblong, thickly 
 coriaceous, flat or wavy, subsessile with thick articulation, 1J 3 in. in length by to J in. 
 in width. Cymes racemose, much shorter than the leaves ; pedicels -fo in. long ; bracts small 
 and slender. 
 
 <$. Flowers tetramerous, nearly glabrous, small. Calyx 4-fid. Corolla deeply 4-lobed. 
 Stamens about 12, in one row. Ovary rudimentary. 
 
 ? . Flowers 11 21 in cyme, ^ in. in length by T ^ in. in width, ovoid, glabrous. Calyx 
 g 1 ^ in. in height by -J^ in. in width, 4 5-fid. Corolla openly campanulate, with nearly erect 
 lobes, Jg in. in height by fa in. in width, 4 5-lobed. Staminodes or 4, inserted at base 
 of interior of corolla or around base of ovary, glabrous, without anthers. Styles 2 3, ^5 in. 
 in length, somewhat concave as seen from inside; stigmas bilobed at apex, projecting beyond 
 the corolla ; ovary glabrous, ovoid, ^ in. in length and width, 4 6-celled ; ovules pendulous, 
 solitary in the cells. Fruit globular, J in. in diameter, dark, glabrous, 1-seeded, 1-celled ; seed 
 marked outside by 3 depressed longitudinal lines ; fruiting calyx small ; albumen not ruminated 
 but testa introverted at apex ; embryo slightly curved. 
 
 Nearly related to E. racemosa L. from which it differs by its oblanceolate-oblong and 
 longer leaves and its longer and more numerously flowered racemes, by its ovary being 
 sometimes 6-celled, and by its 12 stamens being in one row in the only <J specimen examined. 
 
 South Africa. South-western districts of Cape Colony and Natal. In a walk by the 
 Baaken's river under Fort Frederick, Algoa Bay, 14 Dec. 1813, Burchell! 4356, in $ flower; 
 on the rocky side of the mountain, also on the western bank of Wagenbooms river on 
 tbe north side of Lange Kloof, 11 March 1814, Burchell! 4909, in $ flower; Cape of Good 
 Hope, Ecklon and Zeyher! ; Natal, W. T. Gerrard! 1506, 1606, in flower-bud. 
 
 17. EuCLEA KELLAU, Hochst. in pi. Schimp. Abyss, exsicc. sect. ii. n. 1078 (1842). 
 
 E. foliis suboppositis, obovatis vel oblanceolatis, apice rotundatis, basi cuneatis, breviter 
 petiolatis ; cymis racemosis; floribus dicecis, 4 5-meris ; corolla 4 o-fdd ; staminibus 12, 
 in flore femineo 0; stylis 2; ovario glabro, 4<-loculari. 
 
 Hochst. Nov. Gen. pi. Afr. in Flora 1843, p. 83 ; Alph. DC. Prodr. vili. p. 672 (1844) ; 
 Rich. Fl. Abyss, ii. p. 24. t. 66 (1847). 
 
 Myrsine Kellau, Hochst. in pL Schimp. Abyss, exsicc. sect. i. n. 159 (1840). 
 
 Kellaua Schimperi, Alph. DC. in Ann. Sc. nat. ser. ii. vol. XVIII. p. 209 (1842), Prodr. 
 vni. p. 290 (1844). 
 
 Shrub or small tree, glabrous, dioecious ; branches at 38 45 with stem, subopposite, straight. 
 Leaves obovate or oblanceolate, shortly petiolate, sub-coriaceous, rounded at apex, wedge-shaped 
 at base, subopposite, shining and of a rich brown colour on upper face, paler beneath; veiny 
 delicate, flat or wavy at margins, spreading ; 1 2 in. in length by \ 1 in. in width ; petiole 
 1 i J in. in length. Flowers racemose with lanceolate bracts at base of pedicels, tetramerous 
 or pentamerous. 
 
104 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 <5 Racemes f 1 in. in length, bearing 9 13 flowers, spreading, dark; pedicels slender 
 ^ in. in length, the lower ones the longer, alternate or opposite, patent; flowers \ ^in. 
 in length. Calyx short, 4-fid, with apiculate deltoid erect lobes. Corolla campannlata, 
 4-lobed; lobes \ \ depth of corolla, erect, oval. Stamens 12, free, 8 in one row and 4 
 interior and inserted lower at base of interior of corolla, included; anthers erect, with a 
 few hairs at top or glabrous, 2-celled, dehiscing laterally from apex. Ovary rudimentary ; 
 styles 12. 
 
 9 Racemes | |in. in length, bearing usually 11 flowers, dark; glabrous or glandular; 
 pedicels ^ fa in. in length, patent, sub-opposite ; flower ^ in. in length, campanulate. 
 Calyx ^ in. in height with 4 or 5 deeply divided erect deltoid acuminate lobes, persistent. 
 Corolla campanulate, twice the height of the calyx, with 4 5 lobes divided more than half 
 the depth of the corolla. Stamens 0. Ovary ^in. in height by ^in. in thickness, conical, 
 glabrous, 4-cslled, cells 1-ovuled ; styles 2. Fruit globose, \ in. in diameter, glabrous, 1-celled, 
 1-seeded; seed filling the cavity of the fruit, marked externally by 3 longitudinal lines; 
 albumen horny, not ruminated but with introversion of testa at apex ; embryo slightly 
 curved, tending to be incumbent. 
 
 Abyssinian name of the fruit; Kellau. 
 
 Abyssinia. Schimper ! i. n. 159, among hills, valleys and low places near Adoa. In 
 
 fruit, 1 June 1837. 
 
 ii. 1078. On mount Sina, near Adoa. In 5 flower, 13 November 
 
 1838. 
 
 ii. 1527, iii. 1919. Near Axus. In <J flower. 
 
 913. Agrima, 6000ft. alt.; Legua, 5000ft. alt. 1852. 
 
 80. 5500 6500ft. alt. October 1862. 
 
 Quartin-Dillon and Petit. ! Scholoda. 
 
 18. EUCLEA EACEMOSA, Linn. Syst. veg. edit. xui. p. 747. Cur. Murray (1774). 
 
 E. foliis alternis vel oppositis, obovatis vel oblongo-obovatis, apice rotundatis, basi cuneatis, 
 breviter petiolatis ; cymis racemosis ; fioribus dicecis, 4- raro 5 6-meris ; corolla, profunde 
 lobatd; staminibus 12 18, in flore femineo 2 4 effcetis; stylis 2; ovario toto pubescenti vel 
 glabro, k-loculari. 
 
 Jacq. Fragm. t. 1, f. 5, t. 63, f. 3 (18009); Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 219. n. 15 (1844). 
 
 Padus foliis subrotundis, fructu racemoso, Burm. Afr. p. 238, t. 84, f. 1 (1739). 
 
 Glabrous shrub 2| to 6 feet high, or small tree 18 feet high. Branches making 30 
 with stem, purplish. Leaves obovate or oblong-obovate, coriaceous, alternate, subopposite, or 
 opposite, marked with obscure transverse veins, green on the upper surface, pale beneath, 
 margins somewhat reflexed, wavy or nearly flat, subsessile or shortly petiolate, rounded at 
 apex, cuneaje at base, J 2J in. in length by 1 J in. in width ; petioles ^ ^ in. in length. 
 Bracts narrow, at base of pedicels, solitary, linear-lanceolate. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACEJ3. 105 
 
 <J Racemes | l|in. in length, shorter than the leaves from the axils of which they 
 spring, drooping; pedicels Jj Jin. in length, 5 13 in cyme, articulated at apex; flowers 
 -j^y fin. in length, campanulate, 4- or rarely 5 6-merous, glabrous. Calyx short, lobes del- 
 toid, about half length of calyx. Corolla campanulate, open, deeply lobed, much raised 
 above the calyx ; lobes oval, obtuse or acutish, spreading or erect but not reflexed, of a 
 dirty white colour. Stamens 12 18, in two rows, inserted at base of interior of corolla or 
 on an hypogynous ring ; the inner ones smaller and often connate at the base with outer ones ; 
 anthers lanceolate, thick, 2-celled, with a few hairs or glabrous, included or exserted, erect, 
 dehiscing laterally and widely from apex, -^ J 6 in. in length ; pollen white ; filaments slender, 
 T^J ^ in. in length, often united in pairs at base, glabrous. Ovary rudimentary, hairy 
 or glabrous ; styles 2, distinct, erect, terete, white. 
 
 9. Racemose cymes J IJin. in length, usually shorter than the leaves but sometimes 
 longer, drooping in fruit; pedicels about ^ in. length, 9 13 in cyme. Flowers ovoid, rather 
 smaller than the flowers, tetramerous or rarely pentamerous. Calyx hemispherical ; lobes 
 ovate, acute, about half depth of calyx. Corolla ovoid, deeply lobed ; lobes not reflexed. 
 Staminodes 2 4, glabrous. Ovary hairy or glabrous, 4-celled, cells 1-ovuled ; styles 2 ; fruit 
 globular, glabrescent or glabrous, black, 1-celled, 1-seeded, ^in. in diameter. 
 
 Bark grey, smooth. Wood hard, heavy, employed by wheelrights and turners ; answers very 
 well for wooden screws, but is chiefly used as fuel. (Dr Pappe, Silva Capensis, p. 21 (1854)}. 
 
 The variety Burchellii with glabrous ovary may be a distinct species. It is a tree 
 18 feet high with erect trunk and ascending branches and oblong-obovate leaves; bark 
 entire, turning white ; ovary globose ; styles 2, short ; staminodes 2 4, inserted on corolla 
 or around base of ovary. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope, southern and western districts. Drege! ; Talbot! ; Beeves!; Wright! ; 
 Boivinf; Bowie!; Alexander-Prior ! ; Oldenburg! ; Nelson!; Hove!; Zeyher ! 3356; Harvey! 
 574; Burchell! 397, 807, 3219 (var. Burchellii}, 3806, 8295; Hondeklip Bay, Clanwilliam, 
 Eev. H. Whitehead! 
 
 19. EUCLEA UNDULATA, Thunb. Nova Genera Plantarum (v.) p. 86 (1784). 
 
 E. foliis alternis vel oppositis, obovatis (vel in var. oblanceolatis), apice obtusis, basi cuneatis, 
 breviter petiolatis, undatis (in var. parvis et subplanis) ; cymis racemosis, 3 8-Jloris; fioribus 
 dioecis, tetrameris ; staminibus 10 15, plerumque geminatis, in flore femineo 0; stylis 2; 
 ovario basi subpubescente, 2- vel ^-loculari, 4t-ovulato. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 219. n. 14 (1844). 
 
 E. myrtina, Burch. Trav. Int. S. Afr. n. p. 588 (1824), Alph. DC. I c. p. 217. n. 8. 
 
 E. humilis, Eckl. et Zeyh. in Linnaea, xx. p. 192 (1847). 
 
 Glabrous dense shrub, extremities and flowers glandular but not hairy, 4 to 9 feet in 
 height or a moderate sized tree, dioecious. Branches alternate or opposite, at 40 to 60* 
 with stem, numerous. Leaves obovate or oblanceolate, coriaceous, shortly petiolate, wavy 
 or in var. myrtina nearly flat, opposite or alternate, veins inconspicuous, cuneate at base, 
 rounded or nearly so at apex, evergreen, J 1J in. in length by | f in. in width (or 
 
 JL j. in. in width in variety myrtina) ; petioles ^ 1 5 in. in length. Bracts sometimes large 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 14 
 
106 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 and leaf-like, caducous ; flowers racemose, with divisions of corolla reaching to level of apices 
 of calycine lobes. 
 
 <J . Eacemes f | in. in length, shorter than leaves, lax, bearing 5 7 flowers ; pedicels 
 -J^ \ in. in length, slender ; flowers -^ in. in length. Calyx openly cup-shaped, 4-fid, short ; 
 lobes deltoid, acute. Corolla hemispherical, 4-lobed, somewhat glandular outside; lobes oval, 
 more than half the depth of the corolla. Stamens 10 15, mostly in pairs, inserted at base 
 of interior of tube of corolla; anthers oblong, mucronate, with a few bristles near apex, 
 dehiscing widely from apex; filaments slender. 
 
 9 . Racemes | J in. in length, nearly erect in flower, drooping in fruit, bearing 3 8 
 flowers ; pedicels under ^ in. in length ; narrow bracteoles sometimes present on middle of 
 pedicels. Flowers ^j in. in length. Calyx short, campanulate, 4-lobed, lobes deltoid, extending 
 less than half-way down the calyx. Corolla 4-partite, erect or spreading, in bud cylindrical, 
 somewhat glandular outside along middle of lobes; lobes oval. Stamens 0. Ovary and 2 
 styles together rather longer than corolla; styles as long as ovary, at first erect and conti- 
 guous, glabrous, bifid at apex, deciduous ; ovary somewhat hairy at base, hairs white, glabrous 
 above, 2 4-celled, 4-ovuled ; ovules oblong. Berry globular, -^ 1 in. in diameter, purple or 
 red, glabrous, edible, 1 2-celled, ultimately only 1-celled, 1-seeded. 
 
 Bark whitish grey rough, wood brown hard close-grained and fit for joiners' fancy-work, 
 veneering, &c. (Dr Pappe, Silva Capensis, p. 21 [1854]). 
 
 Var. /3. myrtina. Leaves ^ ^ in. wide, oblanceolate, nearly plane ; fruit black ; about 
 4 ft. high. Known only in fruit, but probably a form of this species. (E. myrtina, Burch.) 
 
 The fruit is sweet, with some astringency; called, as well as other species of the genus, 
 c/uarribosches, and the fruit guarri, by the Hottentots in South Africa. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope, Kalahari region and Trans- Vaal. Dr'ege !; Eeeves !; Dr Pappe !; 
 Burke! (Trans- Vaal) ; Masson!; Alexander-Prior!; Dr Thorn! 243, 386; Cooper! 408; Mac 
 Owan!; Zeyher! 3358; Ecklon and Zeyher! 1124 (E. humilis, Eckl. et Zeyh.); Burcliell! 
 1792 (2162, 2573, E. myrtina, Burch., Kalahari Region), 2943, 3168, 7198. 
 
 EXCLUDED SPECIES OF EUCLEA. 
 
 Eudea herbacea, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. p. 629 (1790). Cfr. Euphorbiaceas. 
 Euclea pilosa, Lour. loc. cit. = Diospyros pilosa, Alph. DC. 
 
 III. MABA, J. R. et G. Forster, Characteres Generum Plantarum, p. 121. t. 61 (1776). 
 
 Flares diced, rarissime monceci vel polygami, plerumque trimeri rarius 4 Q-meri. Calyx 
 campanulatus vel oblongus, non plicatus, lobatus vel truncatus ; corolla campanulata vel tubulosa, 
 lobis in prcefloratione sinistrorse contortis. 
 
 Flos masculus ; stamina 3 oo , plerumque glabra rarius pilosa vel pubescentia. Ovarium 
 abortivum. 
 
 Flos femineus ; staminodia oo , plerumque pauca; ovarium 3- vel G-loculare, 6-ovulatum; 
 fructus plerumque mediocris, baccatus. 
 
 Arbores vel frutices, foliis alternis integerrimis, inflorescentia axillari vel rarius laterali. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 240. n. vn. (1844). 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 107 
 
 Pisonia (sp.) Rottb. in Nye Saml. Kong. Danske Skriffc. vol. II. p. 536. t. 4. f. 2 (1783) 
 Ehretia (sp.), Willd. Phytogr. I. p. 4. t. 2. f. 2 (1794). 
 Ferreola, Roxburgh, PL Coromandel, I. p. 35. t. 45 (1795). 
 
 Ferriola, Roxburgh, Hort. Bengal, p. 72 (1814), Fl. Ind. edit. 1832. vol. III. p. 790. 
 Macreightia, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 220. n. v. (1844). 
 Holochilus, Dalzell in Kew Journal of Botany, iv. p. 290 (1852). 
 Rhipidostigma, Hasskarl, Retzia, I. p. 103 (1855). 
 
 Flowers dioecious or rarely polygamous or very rarely monoscious, usually trimerous, occa- 
 sionally 4 6-merous. Calyx usually 3-fid, sometimes 4 6-fid or -partite or shortly lobed, 
 rarely truncate and entire ; more or less campanulate at least in flower, sometimes accrescent 
 but less so than in many species of Diospyros, not plicate. Corolla usually 3-lobed, exceeding 
 the calyx, campanulate or tubular; lobes contorted sinistrorsely as regarded from within. 
 Stamens in 6 flower 3 oo usually about 9 and glabrous except in Trichanthera, distinct 
 or some or all united by their filaments in pairs or otherwise ; anthers oblong or lanceo- 
 late-linear, dehiscing longitudinally by lateral slits ; filaments inserted at base of corolla or 
 hypogynous ; staminodes in 9 flower oo , usually fewer than in $ flower, glabrous or 
 hairy. Ovary in <J rudimentary, hairy or glabrous ; in 2 3- or 6-celled, hairy or glabrous ; 
 style 3-lobed or styles 3 ; ovules 6, solitary in the cells or 2 together in 3-celled ovaries ; 
 rarely an ovary is 3-celled with 3 imperfect septa between the pairs of ovules not 
 reaching the central axis of the ovary. Fruit usually globose or ovoid, glabrous or hairy, 
 1 6-celled and -seeded, usually not exceeding 1 in. long, baccate or dry ; seeds as in the 
 Order, in a few species with ruminated albumen. Fruiting calyx spreading or cupuliform. 
 Trees or shrubs usually with hard wood, widely distributed in most countries where the 
 Order is represented but absent from the Cape of Good Hope, though occurring in Natal 
 and other parts of Africa, 
 
 Leaves always alternate simple and quite entire, smaller for the most part than in Dio- 
 spyros, but reaching 10J in. in length in M. punctata. Flowers solitary or in short cymes 
 either axillary or very rarely lateral on the older branches. 
 
 The name is adopted from that locally used in the Friendly Islands for plants of this 
 genus. Maba is also given by the natives in the vicinity of the Congo river, West tropical 
 Africa, to the fruit of the oil-palm (Elceis guineensis). 
 
 MABA may be divided into the following sections, a key to which is subjoined. 
 Anthers glabrous or in a few species slightly hairy. Flowers trimerous or occasionally 
 
 tetramerous or rarely in M. lancea pentamerous. 
 Calyx-lobes not much imbricated. 
 
 Ovary densely hairy (except in M. obovata, R. Br.) 
 
 Staminodes 0. Ovary 3-celled. 1. FERREOLA. 
 
 Staminodes 36. Ovary 6-celled. 2. MACREIGHTIA. 
 
 Ovary glabrous (pubescent or nearly glabrous in M. Seychellarum). 
 
 Flowers sessile or subsessile. Ovary 3- or 6-celled. 3. HOLOCHILUS. 
 Flowers crowded in short branched or fascicled cymes 
 
 ( 2 flowers solitary in M. lamponga). Ovary 6-celled. 4. RHIPIDOSTIGMA. 
 Calyx-lobes rounded and much imbricated so as to make the ca- 
 lyx appear subtruncate. 5. BARBERIA. 
 Anthers pilose. Flowers 3 6-merous. Ovary hairy, 6-celled. 6. TRICHANTHERA. 
 
 142 
 
108 
 
 MR HIEEN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 1. FERREOLA. 
 
 Fruit reddish, brown, or dark-coloured. 
 
 Fruiting calyx very small, usually not cupuliform, flat or reflexed. <J flowers tubular. 
 Fruit subglabrous, shining. Fruiting calyx trifid. 
 
 Fuliginous-hispid. Leaves about 1 in. long. 1. M. diffusa, 
 
 Glabrescent. Leaves 1^ 4J in. long. 
 
 Fruit globose, J in. in diameter. Calyx glabrate. 2. M. Mualala. 
 
 Fruit ellipsoidal-oblique, in. long. Calyx somewhat hairy. 3. M. hemicycloides. 
 Fruit tomentose. Fruiting calyx tripartite. 
 
 Stamens 4 5. 4. M. acuminata. 
 
 Stamens 12 16. 
 
 Leaves' oblong. Stamens about 12. 5. M. oblongifolia. 
 
 Leaves oblong-ovate. Stamens 13 16. 6. M. ovalifolia. 
 
 Fruiting calyx accrescent or not very small, usually cupuliform (sometimes small in M. 
 buxifolia). 
 
 flowers subsessile in short cymes. 9 flowers sessile or subsessile. 
 Fruit hairy. <J flowers with tubular corolla. 
 Stamens 3 6 (-7). Flowers trimerous. 
 
 Leaves cordate at base, subsessile. 7. M.foliosa. 
 
 Leaves not cordate at base, shortly petiolate. 8. M. rufa, 
 
 Stamens 9 (in trimerous flowers, 4 in a tetramerous one). 
 
 Leaves glabrous, elliptical. 
 Leaves hairy, lanceolate-oblong. 
 Fruit subglabrate. Corolla campauulate. 
 Leaves without conspicuous net-veins. 
 
 Calyx hairy. Leaves usually more than 1| in. long. 
 Branches nigro-verrucose. Stamens 15 17. 
 Branches smooth. Stamens 6 12. 
 flowers 1 3 together. 
 <5 flowers several together. 
 
 Leaves lanceolate, paler beneath. 
 
 9. M. laurina. 
 
 10. M. nigrescens. 
 
 11. M.sandwicensis. 
 
 12. M. humfolia. 
 
 13. M. lancea. 
 
 Leaves obovate, of same colour on both sides. 
 
 14. M. obovata. 
 
 15. M. geminata. 
 
 flowers solitary, 
 flowers 3 together. 
 
 Calyx glabrous, at least in fruit. Leaves about 1 in. long. 16. M. humilis. 
 Leaves highly reticular. 
 
 Bracts not much imbricated. 
 
 Leaves elliptic-oblong, about 2 in. long. 
 Leaves elliptical, 3 4 in. long. 
 Bracts much imbricated. 
 
 <J flowers pedicelled in manifest cymes. 5 corolla tubular. 
 Stamens 3 6. Leaves oval, obtuse, glabrescent. 
 Stamens 9. Leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate at apex, hairy. 
 Fruit covered with white efflorescence. 
 
 17. M. reticulata. 
 
 18. M. compacta. 
 
 19. M. Hillebrandii. 
 ? flowers stalked. 
 
 20. M. elliptica. 
 
 21. M. sumatrana. 
 
 22. M. Vieillardi. 
 Cfr. [23. M. major. 
 
 24. M. Andersoni.] 
 
.Ma HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 109 
 
 2. MACREIGHTIA. 
 
 Glaucescent. (N. America and West Indian Islands.) 
 Leaves rotund or ovate, . spinulose-apiculate. 
 
 25. H. Grisebachii. 
 
 Leaves obovate, not spinulose-apiculate. 
 
 Albumen deeply ruminated. Net-veins conspicuous. 26. 
 
 Albumen not ruminated. Veins few. 27. 
 
 Dull or bairy. (S. America, Mexico, and West tropical Africa.) 
 
 Albumen not ruminated. Stamens glabrous. Flowers campanulate. 
 somewhat cupuliform, not very small. (S. America and Mexico.) 
 
 Cymes usually 3-flowered, ^ J in. long. 
 
 Leaves whitish beneath. 28. 
 
 Leaves not whitish beneath. 
 
 Leaves oval or obovate. 29. 
 
 Leaves obovate-lanceolate, membranous. 30. 
 
 Leaves lanceolate-oblong, coriaceous. 31. 
 
 . Cymes many flowered, J in. long, ? flowers solitary. 32. 
 
 Albumen ruminated. Stamens somewhat hairy. 6 flowers tubular 
 very small, flat. (Africa.) 33. 
 
 M. caribcea. 
 M. intricata. 
 
 Fruiting calyx 
 
 M. aliens. 
 
 M. inconstans. 
 M. acapukensis. 
 M. salicifolia. 
 
 M. Pavonii. 
 
 ; fruiting calyx 
 M. Mannii. 
 
 3. HOLOCHILUS. 
 
 Flowers campanulate or with short tube. (Africa.) 
 Ovary 3-celled ; cells 2-ovuled. 
 
 Calyx shortly 3-lobed, pubescent. 
 
 Ovary more or less hairy. Leaves narrowly elliptical, 
 
 obtuse. 34. M. Seychellarum. 
 
 Ovary quite glabrous. Leaves lanceolate, acute. 35. M. lanceolata. 
 
 Calyx truncate entire, glabrous. 36. M. natalensis. 
 
 Ovary 6-celled ; cells 1-ovuled. 
 
 Leaves lanceolate-oblong ; flowers several together. Branches 
 
 dark. 37. M. abyssinica. 
 
 Leaves oval. V flowers 3 together. Branches argenteo-cine- 
 
 reous. 38. M. quiloensis. 
 
 Flowers tubular. (India.) 39. M. micrantha. 
 
110 
 
 MR HIERN, ON EBENACEJ3. 
 
 4. KHIPIDOSTIGMA. 
 Dioecious. Stamens 8 18. 
 
 Glabrous. Leaves not cordate at base. 
 . Cymes rather lax. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary. Corolla-lobes acuminate. 
 ?. Flowers cymose. Corolla-lobes not acuminate. 
 
 Leaves submembranous. Stamens glabrous. 
 Leaves coriaceous. Filaments often minutely 
 
 ated. Albumen not ruminated. 
 Leaves coriaceous. Albumen ruminated. 
 
 <J. Cymes dense. 
 
 Pubescent. Leaves cordate or subcordate at base. 
 "Hermaphrodite. Stamens 4 5." 
 
 Cymes about | in. long. Leaves oblong. 
 Cymes very short. Leaves oblong-lanceolate. 
 
 Cfr. 
 
 cili- 
 
 40. M. lamponga. 
 
 41. M. mergiiensis. 
 
 42. M. fasciculosa, 
 
 43. M. ruminata. 
 
 44. M. confertiflora. 
 
 45. M. punctata. 
 
 46. M. Teijsmanni. 
 
 47. M. hermaphroditica. 
 
 [48. M. javanica.] 
 
 5. BAEBEEIA. 
 Ovary glabrous. 
 
 Staminodes about 8. 9 Cymes 3 5-flowered. 
 Staminodes about 16. Flowers subsolitary. 
 
 Ovary shortly pubescent. 
 
 Glabrous. Leaves 2 4 in. long, more or less narrowed at base; 
 petioles |in. long. 
 
 49. M. Maingayi. 
 
 50. M. Motleyi. 
 
 51. M. myrmecocatyz. 
 
 Leaves f 2 in. long, rounded at base, with shortly tomentose mid- 
 
 rib ; petioles in- 
 
 52. M. Beccarii. 
 
 6. TBICHANTHEEA. 
 
 Polygamous. Ovary ovoid-conical. Leaves appressedly flavo-sericeous 
 
 beneath, not cordate. 
 
 Ovary globose at base, narrowly conical above. Leaves supra-cordate 
 Dioecious. Ovary subglobose. Leaves not flavo-sericeous beneath. 
 
 Flowers 3- (rarely 5-) merous. 
 Shoots with spreading hairs. 
 Shoots with appressed hairs. 
 
 Flowers 5 6-merous. 
 
 Flowers arising from the old wood. 
 Flowers axillary from the young branches. 
 
 Staminodes 11 13, somewhat pilose 
 Staminodes 25 30, nearly glabrous. 
 
 53. M. sericea. 
 
 54. M. cordata. 
 
 65. M. myrmecoccerpa. 
 
 56. M. myristicoides. 
 
 57. M. cauliflora. 
 
 58. M. Hilairei. 
 
 59. M. Mellinoni. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACILE. Ill 
 
 1. MABA DIFFUSA, sp. nov. 
 
 H. ramulis patentibus, fuligineo-jmbescentibus ; foliis ovatis vel ovalibus, uncialibus, apice 
 obtuse angustatis, basi subrotundis, glabris, nitentibus, subcoriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; fructibus 
 ellipsoideis, appresse subsericeis, trilocularibus, 1 2-spermis, brevissime pedunculatis ; calyce 
 fructifero minima, trifido, non appresso. 
 
 Stem and branches terete, dark or cinereous; branches fuliginous-pubescent, patent, 
 slender. Leaves ovate or oval, nearly rounded at base, obtusely narrowed at apex, glabrous 
 and shining on both sides, subcoriaceous, margins thickened, somewhat wavy ; midrib depressed 
 on upper side ; lateral veins patent very numerous and delicately raised on both sides ; of 
 a rich brown colour on both sides when dry ; to 1 in. in length by J to in. in width ; 
 petioles ^in. in length, pubescent. Known only in fruit. Fruit shortly pedunculate, near 
 ends of branches, solitary ; fruiting peduncle ^ J$ in. in length. Fruiting calyx loosely concave 
 or horizontal, small, somewhat pubescent, about ^yin. in length, roundedly 3-fid. Fruit 
 somewhat appressedly silky, of rich brown colour, straight, ellipsoidal, J to Jin. in height 
 by to J in. or more in thickness, 3-celled, 1 2-seeded ; seeds black, \ in, in length ; 
 albumen not ruminated ; embryo nearly flat. 
 
 N.W. Madagascar, PervilU! 
 
 2. MABA MUALALA, Welw. MSS. 
 
 M. glabra, foliis ellipticis, apice seeping obtuse acuminatis, basi leviter angustatis vel 
 sub-rotundis, tenuiter coriaceis, persistentibus, nitentibus, reticulatis, breviter petiolatis ; fructibus 
 solitaries vel binis, subsessilibus, globosis, glabris; calyce fructifero trifido, minima, patents, 
 glabrato. 
 
 A fine glabrous tree, 15 35 feet high in the interior of the country,, or near the 
 sea-coast scarcely more than a bush 3 5 feet high; very rarely flowering. Trunk strict; 
 branches terete, leafy. Wood very hard, valuable, black in the centre but not always so. 
 Leaves alternate, elliptical, in most cases obtusely acuminate, slightly narrowed at base or 
 nearly rounded, thinly coriaceous, evergreen, deep green, highly polished, 1J 4Jin. long 
 by | If in. wide, delicately reticulated; midrib depressed above; margins slightly undu- 
 lated ; petioles ^ in. long. Flowers unknown, 9 axillary, in very short 1 3-flowered 
 cymes. Fruit solitary or two together, subsessile, globose, shining, glabrous, black-purplish, 
 slightly nerved, about J in. in diameter, 1-seeded ; seed globose, nearly \ in. in diameter ; 
 albumen white, cartilaginous, not ruminated; fruiting calyx 3-fid, spreading, J Jin. in dia- 
 meter, glabrate ; lobes ovate, subacute. 
 
 West tropical Africa, Distr. Golungo Alto, in dense woods, fruits in March, Dr Welwitsch ! 
 2539, 2540, 2541 ; Do. Distr. Loanda, very rare, in thickets, Dr Welwitsch ! 2542 ; native 
 name Mualdla. 
 
 3. MABA HEMICYCLOIDES, F. Muell. ex. Benth. Fl. Austr. iv. p. 290. n. 3 (1869). 
 
 M. glabrescens, foliis ellipticis vel oblongis, utrinque plus minus angustatis, apice obtusis, 
 subcoriaceis, breviter petiolatis; fructibus solitariis, brevissime pedunculatis, subglabris, oblique 
 ellipsoideis ; calyce fructifero minima, patente, trifido, leviter pubescente. 
 
112 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 A small tree; branchlets slender, somewhat hirsute with dark hairs at extremities, 
 quickly glabrescent, dark cinereous or brown, terete. Leaves elliptical or oblong, narrowed 
 more or less at both ends, usually with an obtuse apex, thinly coriaceous, glabrous ; margins 
 with small undulations, just reflexed; midrib depressed above; lateral veins delicate, nume^ 
 rous, raised on both sides, at 60 to 70 ; 2 J to 4 in. in length by 1 If in. in width ; 
 petioles f in. in length. Known only in fruit; fruiting peduncle ^ j^in. in length, 
 not thick, pubescent ; fruit solitary, near ends of branches, glabrous or nearly so, pale brown, 
 oblique, ellipsoidal, about | in. in height by f ^ in. in thickness, tipped somewhat laterally 
 with remains of style ; fruiting calyx small, horizontal, 3-fid, ^ in. in diameter, covered 
 with scattered appressed short pale hairs; lobes deltoid. 
 
 Australia, Queensland, Eockingham Bay, Dallachy ! 
 
 4. MABA ACUMINATA. 
 
 M. foliis ellipticis valde acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel parum angustatis, submembra- 
 naceis, breviter petiolatis ; corottce tubo quam calyce duplo longiore ; staminibus 4 5 ; fructibus 
 globosis, tomentosis et sparse pilosis ; calyce fructifero tripartite, minima. 
 
 Macreightia acuminata, Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PL p. 424. n. 3 (1864). 
 
 A moderate sized tree with terete erect-patent branches. Young parts pale brown sericeo- 
 pubescent, afterwards becoming dark and glabrous. Leaves elliptical, long-acuminate, rounded 
 or nearly so at base, in the dry state pale greenish glabrous and shining on upper side with 
 scarcely raised veins, pale brown sericeous or subpubescent on under-side with raised clear 
 lateral veins anastomosing near margin and sericeous prominent midrib, submembranous, 
 shortly petiolate, 2 5 in. in length by f to IJin. in width; petioles Jg i.i n . m length, 
 pubescent. Bracts imbricated, sericeous. 
 
 <$ . Tube* of the corolla twice as long as the calyx, J in. in length ; stamens 4 5 ; 
 ovary pilose. 
 
 P. Fruit globular, pale brown, appressedly sub-tomentose-pubescent, f fin. in diameter; 
 fruiting calyx not auricled. 
 
 Ceylon, Thwaites ! C.P. 3718. 
 
 5. MABA OBLONGIFOI.IA. 
 
 M. foliis oblongis, acuminatis, subcoriaceis, basi rotundatis, subtus secus nervos cum petiolo 
 brevi sub-ferrugineo-hispidis, denique glabris; floribus masculis solitariis crebris subsessilibus, 
 calyce breviter lobato, staminibus 12 glabris; floribus femineis solitariis breviter pedunculatis, 
 calyce tripartite, hispido, non accrescente, staminodiis 0, fructibus -subglobosis tomentosis. 
 
 Macreightia oblongifolia, Thw. Enum. Ceyl, PL p. 183. n. 1. (1860), p. 423 (1864) ; non 
 Marcreightia oblongifolia, Kurz. 
 
 A small tree ; young parts very hispid, subferruginous ; branches terete, quickly turning 
 dark and glabrous, spreading at about 40, Leaves oblong, acuminate, subcoriaceous ; 
 upper side brown (often of a rich deep colour) shining and glabrous when dry, midrib and 
 lateral veins depressed ; under-side palish brown, subpubescent, lateral anastomosing veins 
 and especially midrib raised prominent and pubescent; 3 to 7 Jin. in length by 1 to 3 in. 
 in width; petioles -j^ |in. in length, glabrescent, at first hispid. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACEJE. 113 
 
 c5 . Flowers subsessile solitary crowded on short axillary densely pubescent branches ; 
 buds oblong, subferruginous, sericeous-pubescent, about ^ in. in length. Calyx |in. long, 3-lobed 
 at apex. Stamens 12, glabrous, in several rows, unequal, partly hypogynous and partly at 
 base of interior of tube of corolla. Ovary minute, hairy. 
 
 ?. Flowers solitary, ferruginous, shortly pedunculate, hispid; bracts imbricated, large, 
 hispid; peduncle -j^in. in length, hispid. Flowers f^in. in length (not expanded in specimens), 
 ovoid-oblong. Calyx fin. in length, with 3 deep diverging ovate acute lobes. Corolla 3-fid, 
 glabrous inside. Stamens 0. Ovary covered with light ferruginous vertical hairs, 3-celled 
 or, according to Dr Thwaites, 6-celled. Style divided at apex into 3 glabrous stigmas. 
 
 Fruit subglobose, ferruginous-tomentose, 1 in. in diameter, fruiting calyx not accrescent 
 nor auricled ; 2- or 3-seeded ; seeds black, glabrous, about | in. in length by J in. in thick- 
 ness, bounded by 2 plane contiguous sides and a curved surface, a horizontal section being 
 a sector of a circle ; a reddish raised line runs down middle part of outer surface of 
 the seed; albumen not ruminated; radicle cylindrical, half as long again as the oblong 
 cotyledons. 
 
 Ceylon, Thwaites! C.P. 3396. 
 
 6. MABA OVALIFOLIA. 
 
 M, foliis oblongo-ovatis, parum acuminatis, obtusiusculis, basi sizpius rotundatis, subcoriaceis, 
 glabrescentibus, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis solitariis, crebris, calyce inceqwaliter tri- 
 dentato, (corolld 4-fidd), staminibus 13 16, glabris, ovarii rudimento hirsute. 
 
 Macreightia ovalifolia, Thw. Enum. Ceyl. pi. p. 424. n. 2 (1864). 
 
 Tree of moderate size ; young parts pubescent, soon glabrescent and cinereous ; branches 
 terete, erect-patent. Leaves oblong-ovate, shortly acuminate, subcoriaceous, usually rounded at 
 base, brown on both sides when dry, darker above, glabrescent, flat, margins just recurved, patent, 
 shortly petiolate, midrib and lateral anastomosing veins raised beneath depressed above, 
 2 to 3Jin. in length by 1 to If in. in width; petioles fin. in length, stout. Bracts 
 imbricated, large, caducous. 
 
 <J. Flowers solitary, crowded on young short branchlets, ferruginous sericeous, ^in. in 
 length before expansion, oblong. Calyx Jin. in length, tubular, with 3 short acute teeth 
 chiefly on one side, a deeper division being opposite. Corolla often bent sideways (closed 
 in specimens), somewhat constricted about the middle, 4-fid, dark and glabrous inside. 
 Stamens 13 16 (14 in one case examined), unequal, glabrous ; ovary rudimentary, repre- 
 sented by a bunch of hairs. 
 
 Ceylon, Thwaites! C.P. 3717. 
 
 7. MABA FOLIOSA, Rich, ex Asa Gray in Proceedings of the American Academy of 
 Arts and Sciences, Vol. V. p. 326 (1862). 
 
 M. foliis ovalibus vel ovatis, lasi cordatis, coriaceis, confertis, subsessilibus ; floribus masculis 
 3 5-nis, brevissime cymosis, calyce campanulato-oblongo, breviter trifido, corolld breviter trifldd, 
 staminibus 3, glabris ; floribiw femineis subsessilibus, cymis 1 3-floris, fructibus ferrugineo- 
 tomentosis. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 15 
 
114 ME HIERST, ON EBENACE.3E. 
 
 Young parts rufous or fuliginous, hirsute ; branches glabrescent, cinereous ; leaves crowded, 
 subsessile, oval or ovate, cordate at base, midrib depressed above, veins indistinct, coriaceous, 
 rufous-hirsute when young, glabrescent except on margins and midrib beneath, 1 2J in. 
 long by f; 1 in. wide ; petioles shorter than the emargination at the base of the leaves. 
 
 jj . Flowers on very short nodose pubescent 3 5-flowered cymes ; flowers (in bud) 
 ovoid-oblong, rufous-hirsute. Calyx in. long, campanulate-oblong, shortly 3-fid, smooth inside ; 
 lobes deltoid ; corolla shortly 3-fid, hirsute outside, glabrous inside ; stamens 3, hypogynous, 
 glabrous; filaments distinct; anthers linear, dehiscing laterally by longitudinal slits; ovary 
 pubescent, small, rudimentary. 
 
 9 . Fruiting peduncles 1 3-flowered ; calyx 3-lobed ; fruit ferruginous-tomentose. 
 
 Feejee Islands, Wilkes!; New Caledonia, Panclier! 301; Muthuata and Ovolau, alt. 
 2000 feet, Feejee Islands, Asa Gray, I.e. 
 
 8. MABA RUFA, Labill. Sert. Austr. Caled. p. 33. t. 36 (1824). 
 
 M. foliis ovalibus vel oblongis, apice lanceolatis vel breviter et obtuse acuminatis vel 
 rotundatis, basi angustatis vel rotundatis, junioribus utrinque rufo-sericeis, scepius glabrescentibus, 
 coriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; inflorescentid et fructibus rufo-serieeis ; floribus masculis 3 o-nis, 
 brevissime cymosis, axillaribus, trimeris, corolld tubulosd, staminibus 3 6, glabris; floribvs 
 femineis solitariis, subsessilibus, staminodiis 0, ovario dense sericeo 3-loculari, fructibus sub- 
 globosis vel ellipsoideis, calyce fructifero cupuliformi. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 241. n. 10 (1844). 
 
 M. sericocarpa, F. Muell. Fragm. V. p. 164 (1866), Benth. Fl. Austral. IV. p. 289, 
 n. 2 (1869). 
 
 M. cupulosa, F. Muell. Fragm. v. p. 164 (1866), VI. p. 253 (1868). 
 
 Diospyros sericocarpa, F. Muell. Austr. Veg. in Intercol. Exh. Ess., 1866 67, p. 35 (1867). 
 
 D. cupulosa, F. Muell. I. c. 
 
 M. revoluta, Vieill. MSS. in Hb. N. Caled. n. 2876. 
 
 A shrub or tree 20 feet high; branches terete, slender, spreading at about 45 50, 
 rufous-sericeous when young, leafy. Leaves oval or oblong, lanceolate or shortly and obtusely 
 acuminate or rounded at apex, narrowed or rounded at base, coriaceous, appressedly rufous- 
 sericeous when young, usually glabrescent, 1 4 in. long by | 2f in. wide ; midrib depressed 
 on the -upper surface, margins recurved (sides revolute in H. revoluta, Vieill.) ; petioles 
 Jj5 Jin. long. 
 
 <$ . Inflorescence rufous-sericeous, axillary on young branches ; cymes 3 5-flowered ; 
 common peduncle -f in. long ; pedicels very short ; flowers ovoid-oblong, \ J in. long. Calyx 
 tubular, shortly 3-lobed, \ J in. long, crass, tomentose on both sides. Corolla tubular, 
 shortly 3-lobed, sericeous outside, glabrous inside ; lobes ovate. Stamens 3 6 (-7), glabrous, 
 hypogynous; filaments slender. Ovary rudimentary, pilose. 
 
 ? . Flowers solitary, subsessile, about J in. long, ferruginous-hairy ; bracts imbricated, 
 caducous. Calyx campanulate, shortly 3-fid. Corolla tubular, 3-lobed at apex, with rounded 
 imbricated lobes. Staminodes 0. Ovary 3-celled, densely sericeous; style 3-lobed at apex. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 115 
 
 Fruit ellipsoidal or subglobose, \ 1 in. high, more or less sericeous, 3-celled, 1 3 4-seeded ; 
 fruiting calyx accrescent, cupuliform, trifid, reaching half way up fruit or higher, pubescent. 
 Seeds oblong; albumen cartilaginous, not ruminated; embryo nearly straight. 
 
 Australia, Queensland, Rockingham Bay, Dallachy ! ; 
 
 New Caledonia, Deplanche! 312, 446; Labillardiere ! ; Puncher!; CaldwelU; Vieillard! 
 891, 892, 894, 895, 896, 2872 (?), 2876, 2880. 
 
 9. MABA LAURINA, R Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 527. n. 1 (1810). 
 
 M. foliis elliptids ml oblongis, apice rotundatis, glabris, nitentibus, tenuiter coriaceis, 
 petiolatis; floribus trimeris, subsessilibus, calyce late campanulato, crasso, corolla, tubulosd, 
 staminibus 9, glabris ; in floribus femineis staminodiis 0, ovario 3-loculari, subglabro, dense 
 sericeo. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 241. n. 3 (1844), Benth. Fl. Austral, iv. p. 289 n. 1 (1869). 
 
 A small tree with smooth dark bark and quite glabrous shoots ; buds and inflorescence 
 rufous-hairy. Leaves elliptical or oblong, rounded at apex, thinly coriaceous, glabrous, shining 
 especially above, 3 Sin. long by 1| 2|in. wide, margins incrassato-recurved, veins slender, 
 raised on both sides; petioles Jin. long. 
 
 (?. Flowers few together subsessile (ex Benth. I. c.) solitary or sometimes 2 together 
 very shortly peduncled (ex R. Br. MSS.), trimerous; calyx Jin. long, globose-campanulate, 
 coriaceous, rather crass, with numerous soft subappressed cinereous-ferruginous hairs outside, 
 glabrous inside ; corolla yellowish white, tube cylindrical, twice the length of the calyx, 
 hairy outside above the calyx, lobes rounded, one third the length of the corolla ; stamens 9, 
 glabrous, hypogynous, alternately in pairs and single, equal, pollen white ; ovary subglobose, 
 hairy, rudimentary (?) ; style and stigma wanting. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, subsessile, trimerous, rufous-tomentose, scarcely | in. long by J in. 
 thick; calyx Jin. long, semi-ellipsoidal, crass, appressedly hairy inside, shortly 3-fid, lobes 
 obtuse ; corolla urceolate-oblong, glabrous inside, lobes short spreading obtuse ; staminodes ; 
 style 3-lobed at apex, stigma dilated; ovary subglobose, densely sericeous, rufous, 3-celled, 
 cells 2-ovuled. 
 
 Cumberland Islands, Australia, R. Brown!, Oct. 17, 1802. 
 
 10. MABA NIGRESCENS, Dalz. in Dalz. et Gibs. Bomb. Fl. p. 142 (1861). 
 
 M. foliis lanceolato-oblongis, sub-coriaceis, undulatis, ciliatis, breviter petiolatis, nereis in- 
 conspicuis ; floribus 1 5-nis, 3 4-mm's, ferrugineo-pubescentibus, subsessilibus, staminibus 9 
 (vel in fl. 4-mm's, 4 6) glabris; in floribus femineis staminodiis 0, ovario pubescente, 3- 
 loculari, fructibus ellipsoideis, sericeis, calyce cupuliformi. 
 
 A tree from 15 to 35 feet high with dense ferruginous pubescence on the shoots 
 petioles and flowers; older branches dark-cinerous ; branches at about 50, rigid. Leaves 
 lanceolate-oblong, narrowed at least at apex, sometimes nearly rounded at base, coriaceous, 
 1 3 Jin. long (including petiole -fo fin. long) by J l^in. wide, midrib depressed above, 
 hairy beneath, margins ciliate, wavy. Flowers subsessile. 
 
 f. Flowers 1 5 together in very short cymes, Jin. long, trimerous or tetramerous; 
 
 152 
 
116 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 calyx % in. long, 3 4-lobed, lobes fa in. deep, deltoid acute ; corolla campanulate-oblong, 
 Jin. long, 3 4-fid, lobes spreading; stamens 9, 6 in 3 pairs and 3 distinct, or all in one 
 row, or in tetramerous flowers 4 6, glabrous, hypogynous, anthers Yjjin. long, linear, acute, 
 filaments slender; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers 1 2 together, trimerous, f in. long ; calyx in. long, funnel-shaped, shortly 
 3-fid, lobes obtuse ; corolla 3-fid, lobes somewhat spreading, rounded at apex ; staminodes ; 
 ovary hairy, 3-celled, cells 2-ovuled. Fruit rufous, sericeous, ellipsoidal, obtuse, J in. long in the 
 specimens, often with the remains of the corolla at the apex which has been pushed forward 
 during the growth of the fruit ; fruiting calyx J in. wide by j in. high, somewhat accrescent 
 and cup-shaped. Flowers in July, February; fruits in May. 
 
 India, Canara, Goa, Dalzell ! ; Moollis, Dr Ritchie ! n. 85. Pretty common in the Ghaut 
 jungles, native name " Ruktroora." The leaves turn black in drying, and appear quite veinless. 
 Allied to M. guineensis ex Dalz. and Gibs. I.e. I have not seen an authentically named 
 specimen. 
 
 11. MABA SANDWICENSIS, Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 242. n. 16 (1844). 
 
 M. ramis nigricantibus verrucosis, foliis ellipticis, obtuse acuminatis, basi angustatis, nervis 
 inconspicuis ; floribus subsessilibus plerumque trimeris, corolld campanulatd, staminibus 15 17, 
 glabris ; fructibus solitariis ellipsoideis vel subglobosis, glabratis, calyce paulum aucto brevi. 
 
 M. elliptica, Seem. Fl. Vit. p. 152 (1866), uon Forst. 
 
 A tree or shrub, glabrous except the young parts and inflorescence which are 
 pubescent ; branches dark-cinereous, rough, verrucose ; leaves elliptical, subacute or rounded 
 at apex, coriaceous, glabrous, petiolate, 1 2|in. in length by J to 1J in. in. width ; petioles 
 T\S ^7 m - i n length. 
 
 $ . Flowers subsessile ; calyx 3-fid with deltoid acute lobes, hairy ; corolla similar ; stamens 
 15 17, glabrous, anthers of same length as filaments. 
 
 ? . Fruit ellipsoidal or subglobose but somewhat oblique, solitary, downy or subglabrous, 
 | in. in height, reddish ; fruiting calyx, cup-shaped, not or scarcely accrescent, usually with 
 rounded lobes, very rarely 4-lobed, somewhat hairy. Fruit-peduncle patent, -J in. in length 
 or shorter. 
 
 Flora Hawaiiensis, no. 124, H. Mann and W. T. Brigham! 1867; in woods, Sandwich 
 Islands, Capt. Wilkes ! U. S. South Pacific Expl. Exp. ; Gaudichaud ! ; Oahu and Numan, 
 Dr Hillebrand ! 273, Remy ! 473 ; Hawaii, Dr Hillebrand ! 274, Remy ! 470 (?) ; Fiji Islands, 
 Dr Seemann! 295. 
 
 12. MABA BUXIFOLIA, Pers. Synops. Plant, ii. p. 606 n. 2 (1807). 
 
 M. foliis ellipticis vel obovatis vel lanceolatis, apice obtusis, basi angustatis, coriaceis vel 
 submembranaceis, glabris, breviter petiolatis ; floribus 1 3-nis subsessilibus trimeris pubescen- 
 tibus, cymis brevissimis, calyce corolldque breviter trifidis, staminibus 6 12 glabris; in floribus 
 femineis staminodiis 0, ovario hirsute, 3-loculari; fructibus globosis vel ellipsoideis, glabratis, 
 monospermis; albumine non ruminato. 
 
MK HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 117 
 
 Wight, Ic. pi. Ind. Or. vol. iii. pt. i. p. 4. t. 763 (1843), Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 240. 
 n. 2 (1844), Thw. En. Ceyl. pi. p. 183 (1860). 
 
 HIGHULHAENDA, Herm. Mus. Zeyl. p. 21 (1717). 
 
 Pisonia (T) buxifolia, Rottb. in Nye Saml. Kong. Danske Skrift. vol. II. p. 536. t. 4. f. 2 
 (1783). 
 
 Ehretia ferrea, Willd. Phytogr. I. p. 4. t. 2. f. 2 (1794). 
 
 Ferreola buxifolia, Roxb. Coromand. vol. I. p. 35. t. 45 (1795), Juss. in Ann. Mus. v. 
 p. 418 (1804), Correa de Serra in Ann. Mus. vili. p. 399. t. 65. f. 2 (1806). 
 
 Maba littorea, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Austral, p. 527. n. 5 (1810) [Mr Bentham unites this 
 with M. geminata, R. Br.]. 
 
 Ferriola buxifolia, Roxb. Hort. Bengal, p. 72 (1814). 
 
 Ferreola, guineensis, Schum. Plant. Guin. p. 448 (1827), in Kong. Danske Vid. Selsk. 
 iv. p. 222 (1829). 
 
 Maba Cumingiana, Alph. DC. Prodr. vili. p. 241. n. 4 (1844). 
 
 M. madagascariensis, Alph. DC. I.e. n. 7. 
 
 M. guineensis, Alph. DC. I.e. n. 8. 
 
 M. Smeathmanni, Alph. DC. I.e. n. 9. 
 
 (?) M. vaccinicefolia, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. p. 442 (1849). 
 
 M. neilgherrensis, Wight, Ic. pi. Ind. Or. (iv.) nn. 1228 9 (1850), Illust. Ind. Bot. ii. 
 p. 147. t. 148 bis E. (1850). 
 
 M. Ebenus, Wight. l.c. tt. 1228 9 (1850), non Spreng. 
 
 M. angustifolm, Miq. ex Thw. En. Ceyl. pi. p. 183 (1860). 
 
 A shrub or tree ; young parts pubescent, glabrescent ; branches terete, spreading at 
 35 60. Leaves elliptical obovate or lanceolate, obtuse at apex, more or less narrowed at 
 base, coriaceous or submembranous, ^ 5 in. long by -J- 2 in. wide, margins usually thickened 
 or reflexed and often undulated, veins inconspicuous, petioles ^ \ in. long, sometimes hairy. 
 Flowers subsessile, trimerous, pubescent, about ^ in. long, 1 3 together, in very short 
 axillary cymes, on the young branches. Calyx -fa in. long, campanulate, with short deltoid 
 lobes. Corolla campanulate-oblong, shortly 3-fid, lobes elliptical. Stamens 6 12 in male 
 flower, in female, hypogynous, glabrous; ovary rudimentary and hairy in male flower, 
 3-celled in female flower, style 3-lobed at apex. Fruit globose or ellipsoidal, glabrate, A f in. 
 thick; fruiting calyx cupuliform, shorter than the fruit; seeds solitary; albumen white, car- 
 tilaginous, not ruminated. 
 
 Dr Thwaites, who has seen growing in Ceylon many forms of this polymorphic and 
 widely distributed species, gives the following varieties: 
 
 Var. /3. microphylla, foliis parvulis. 
 
 Var. 7. Ebenus, foliis majoribus membranaceis parum acuminatis vel retusis saepe subor- 
 biculatis. 
 
 Var. S. angustifolia, foliis lanceolatis vel lineari-lanceolatis, obtusis. 
 
 Dr Thwaites 1. c. adds : " I have devoted much time to the examination of the several 
 very different-looking varieties of this plant, expecting to discover some sufficiently important 
 
118 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 constant characters to enable me to separate them specifically, but I find them so com- 
 pletely connected together by intermediate forms that I have no hesitation in considering 
 them all as representing only one very variable species ; variable it may truly be called, 
 since the leaves in var. @. are sometimes not a quarter of an incb in length, whilst in var. 8. 
 they reach to five inches in length." 
 
 East Indies, Wallich! list 4145, 7461, 7535; Dr Wight! 1729, 1730, 1731; Koenig ! ; 
 Perrottetf; Dr AM.'; Malacca, Chr. Smith! 99, Dr Maingay! 979; Heifer and Griffith! 3641 ; 
 Ceylon, Walker! 263, Dr Thwaites! 477, 1916, 1917, 3395; Philippine Islands, Cuming! 
 1694; Sooloo I., Wilk&s! 
 
 New Caledonia, Puncher/ 249, Vieillard ! 2864, 2873, 2877 (?). 
 
 Australia, North Coast Bay, R. Brown! 
 
 Madagascar, Gerard! 28, Bernier! 112, PervilUl 700. 
 
 Tropical Africa, Congo, Chr. Smith!, Dr Welwitsch! 2527; Sierra Leone, Smeathmann I; 
 I. St Thome", Don / (?) ; Guinea, Leprieur ! 
 
 In Ceylon it is called Kaloo-habaraleya-gass, in Godaveri forests Netta maddi, and in 
 Madagascar Cacason mainti. 
 
 The following specimens seem to me to belong to this widely-spread and variable species ; 
 namely, a plant in fruit from the Isle of Pines, Loyalty Islands, Oceania, collected by Sir 
 E. Home (1853, Hb. Mus. Brit.) and Milne, n. 12 (1853, in Hb. Kew.); and a plant with 
 subsessile $ flowers and fruit from the Fiji Islands collected by J. Storck, n. 898 in 1860, 
 which Dr B. Seemann in Fl. Vit. p. 152 (1866) refers to M. elliptica, Forst. var. glabrescens. 
 
 A specimen stated to have been brought from the Straits of Magellan (but probably 
 by mistake) in Herb. Commerson in fruit seems also to belong to this species. 
 
 According to Dr Roxburgh, this species among the mountains of the Coromandel coast 
 of India grows to a small tree, but in the low countries it is only a shrub; it flowers during 
 the hot season; the berries when ripe are there universally eaten and are very well tasted ; 
 the wood is dark-coloured, remarkably hard and durable, and when its size will allow it is 
 employed for such uses as require the most durable and heavy wood. 
 
 13. MABA LANCEA, sp. nov. 
 
 M. foliis lanceolato-oblongis, apice acute acuminatis, basi angustatis, subylabris, subtug 
 pallidis, supra nervis inconspicuis, petiolatis ; floribus masculis subsessilibus, dense cymosis, tri- 
 meris rarius pentameris, staminibus 5 6 (?), antheris basi pubescentibus, ovario 0. 
 
 Young parts and inflorescence puberulous; branches straight, terete, dark, spreading at 
 about 50. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, alternate, firmly submembranous, opaque, acutely acu- 
 minate at apex, somewhat narrowed at base, nearly glabrous except the veins beneath, dark 
 green on upper side, pale beneath, with veins inconspicuous on tipper side ; 3 4 in, long by 
 1 in. or rather more wide ; petioles -fa in. long. 
 
 $ . Flowers small, several together, crowded on very short ferruginous-hairy axillary 
 cymes, ferruginous hairy (closed in the specimen) ; bracts rounded ; calyx openly campanu- 
 late, T ' ? in. long, deeply 3-fid ; with ovate acute lobes pubescent on both sides ; corolla (closed) 
 ^ in. long, ovoid-conical, covered outside with pale ferruginous shining hairs, 3 ?-lobed, glabrous 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACEJE. 119 
 
 inside ; stamens 5 6 (?), hypogynous, erect, anthers subsessile, hairy towards the base, subu- 
 late ; ovary 0. Occasionally a calyx is pentamerous. 
 Africa, Sierra Leone, Smeathman ! 
 
 14. MABA OBOVATA, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Austr. p. 527. n. 2 (1810). 
 
 M. foliis obovatis, apice rotundatis vel retusis, basi cuneatis, breviter petiolatis, nervis in- 
 conspicuis ; floribus masculis 3 7-nis, trimeris vel rarius tetrameris, brevissime cymosis, cam- 
 panulatis, staminibus 6 12, scepius 9, ovarii rudimento villoso; floribus femineis solitariis -nib- 
 sessilibus trimeris, staminodiis 0, ovario glabro triloculari. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 241. n. 5 (1844) ; Ettingsh. Blatt-skel. dikot. p. 90. t. 29. f. 6. 
 t. 32. figs. 1, 2 (1861). 
 
 Young parts appressedly pubescent ; branches terete, smooth. Leaves obovate, usually 
 retuse or rounded at apex, cuneate at base, thinly coriaceous, about 1 in. long by 1 in. 
 wide, veins inconspicuous, margins undulated, scarcely recurved, of same colour on both sides ; 
 petioles ^ in. long. 
 
 $ . Flowers campanulate, \ \ in. long, 3 7 together, in very short axillary cymes 
 crowded on the young shoots; calyx 3-fid or unequally 4-fid, somewhat pubescent outside, 
 glabrous inside, lobes ovate ; corolla whitish, exceeding the calyx, 3 4-fid, lobes obtuse, 
 somewhat patent appressedly subsericeous outside ; stamens 6 12, usually 9 and alternately 
 in pairs, glabrous ; pollen white ; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, axillary, subsessile, like $ but rather thicker ; trimerous ; stami- 
 nodes ; ovary glabrous, 3-celled, subglobose, cells 2-ovuled ; style shorter than the ovary, 
 stout, deeply 3-fid, glabrous ; stigmas emarginate at apex, glabrous. 
 
 Australia, Carpentaria Islands, R. Brown!, flowers in November. 
 
 Mr Bentham unites this species with M. humilis, R. Br. The glabrous ovary in the 
 ?- is exceptional in this section of the genus, but the rudiment of the $ ovary is hairy ; 
 possibly the two sexes belong to different species, but the foliage is quite alike in both. 
 
 15. MABA GEMINATA, R. Br. Prodr. p. 527. n. 4 (1810). 
 
 M. foliis obovatis, apice subretusis vel obtusis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, glabris, petiolatis; 
 fructibus 1 3-nis, subsessilibus, subglabris, ellipsoideis ; calyce fructifero breviter cupuliformi, 
 trilobo, subglabro ; floribus masculis 5 7-nis, sulsessilibus, trimeris, campanulatis, calyce pube- 
 rulo, staminibus 9, glabris. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vili. 242. n. 13 (1844) ; Benth. Fl. Austr. iv. p. 291. n. 8 (1869), 
 excl. syn. 
 
 Diospyros geminata, F. Muell. Austral. Veg. in Intercolonial Exhibition Essays, 1866 
 67, p. 35 (1867). 
 
 A tree, glabrous except the flowers and fruit, with a diffuse irregular head; branches 
 terete, cinereous, smooth, spreading at 45. Leaves obovate, coriaceous, subretuse or obtuse 
 at apex, cuneate at base, 1J to 3 in. in length, by f to 2 in. in width; petioles f in. 
 in length. 
 
120 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 < . Flowers in subsessile clusters, about 5 to 7 together, in. in length, oblong ; calyx 
 dark, with scattered short hairs, 3-lobed at apex, fa in. in length, lobes depresso-deltoid ; 
 corolla pale, sericeous, 3-fid. stamens 9, free, equal, glabrous, mostly hypogynous; ovary rudi- 
 mentary. 
 
 9 . Flowers 3 together, subsessile ; fruit 1 to 3 together, ellipsoidal, subglabrous, f in. 
 in length by \ in. in width, subsessile, 1 2-celled, terminated by remains of style, 1-seeded, 
 straight, rarely 3-celled and 3-seeded ; fruiting calyx, fa f in. high, cup-shaped, with 3 broad 
 and shallow lobes ; seed ^ in. in length by -fa in. in thickness with a depressed longitudinal 
 line ; albumen not ruminated ; radicle more than double the length of the cotyledons. 
 
 A slender tree attaining 50 60 feet in height and 9 to 12 inches in diameter, with 
 dark scaly bark, found growing in the scrubs ; wood soft and tough ; fruit eaten by the 
 natives (Thozet). 
 
 E. Australia, from Moreton Bay to Kockingham's Bay; Queensland, Dallachy!; Rodd's 
 Bay, N. E. Australia, A. Cunningham! 306; Moretown Island, Dr Mueller/; Brisbane River, 
 Fraser!, Mueller!; Queensland Woods, London Exhibition, 1862, no. 50, Hill!; Keppel Bay, 
 Shoalwater Bay, Thirsty Sound, Broad Sound, E. Brown! 
 
 16. MABA HUMILIS, R. Br. Prodr. p. 527. n. 3 (1810). 
 
 M. foliis obovatis, parvis, apice rotundatis vel subretusis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, glabris, 
 subsessilibus ; floribus masculis 3-nis, brevissime cymosis, trifidis, campanulatis, calyce sub- 
 glabro, staminibus 8 9, glabris, ovarii rudimento hirsute; floribus femineis solitariis, sub- 
 sessilibus, trilobis; fructibus glabris, apice hirtellis, ellipsoideis, calyce fructifero cupuliformi, 
 glabro. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vill. p. 242. n. 12 (1844); Benth. Fl. Austr. iv. p. 291. n. 9 (1869); 
 non Ettingsh. Blatt-skel. dikot. p. 90. t. 36. f. 8 (1861). 
 
 Diospyros humilis, F. Muell. Austral. Veg. in Intercolonial Exhibition Essays, 1866 67, 
 p. 35 (1867). 
 
 An erect bush glabrous or puberulous except the flowers, 2 5 feet or sometimes 20 feet 
 high, much branched ; branches terete, subcinereous. Leaves obovate, rounded or retuse at 
 apex, narrowed at base, coriaceous, \ 1 in. in length by f in. in width ; petioles fa ^ in. 
 in length; veins not conspicuous; young leaves with a few depressions on the lower surface 
 which disappear from the older leaves. 
 
 <J . Cymes 3-flowered, fa in. in length ; flowers not much exceeding fa in. in length ; 
 calyx in the dry state of a chestnut brown colour, 3-fid, subglabrous; corolla not much 
 exceeding calyx, 3-fid, lobes straight, light-hairy outside; stamens 8 or 9, some in pairs, 
 hypogynous, glabrous ; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 ? . Flowers solitary, subsessile, in. in length, oval ; calyx pubescent, subferruginous, with 
 3 shallow rounded lobes, turbinate ; corolla not much exceeding calyx, hairy outside.' Fruit 
 solitary, 3-celled with cells 2-seeded, or 1 2 cells often abortive and seed solitary, glabrous 
 except at apex, fa in. in length ellipsoidal; fruiting calyx between a half and a third of 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 121 
 
 the length of fruit, cupshaped, at first with a short cylindrical base, glabrous ; radicle longer 
 than the cotyledons. 
 
 Australia, from Arnhem Land to the islands in the Gulf of Carpentaria and to the 
 tropic in East Australia. Rockhampton, Dattachy and O'Shanesy! ; Point Pear, Mueller!; 
 Dawson River, Mueller!; Burnett River, Mueller!; Gilbert River, Mueller!; Cliffs on the 
 entrance of the Victoria River, Mueller !; Sweers Island, Henne !; Broad Sound near upper 
 head, in thickets not far from the shore, R. Brown! 
 
 17. MABA KETIGTJLATA, R. Br. Prodr. p. 528. n. 6 (1810). 
 
 M. foliis obovatis vel ovalibus, apice emarginatis vel rotundatis, supra valde reticulatis, 
 coriaeeis, glabris, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis 3 4-men's, 3 o-nis, brevissime cymo- 
 sis, campanulatis, calyce subglabro, staminibus 7 14, glabris; floribus femineis solitariis, 
 subsessilibus, corolla 3 4>-fidd, staminodiis 0, ovario sericeo, 3-loculari; fructibus glabratis, 
 subglobosis, calyce fructifero leviter aucto, intus breviter tomentoso, extus glabro. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 241. n. 6 (1844) ; Benth. Flora Austr. IV. p. 291. n. 7 (1869). 
 M. interstans, F. Muell. Fragm. bot. V. p. 163 (1866). 
 
 A shrub of 8 ft. or a tree from. 20 to 30 feet in height, erect, glabrous or very quickly gla- 
 brescent, much branched ; branches terete, spreading at about 45 50, bark cinereous, 
 thinly rimose. Leaves oval or obovate, emarginate or rounded at apex, suddenly narrowed 
 or rounded at base, margins often recurved, highly reticulated above, midrib depressed 
 above, coriaceous, 1 J to 4 in. in length by J to 2| in. in width ; petioles ^5 | in. in length. 
 
 <J . Cymes 3 5-flowered, hairy, -fa -J- in. in length, crowded on young branches ; pedicels 
 very short, with oval ciliate caducous bract at base ; flower -J- in. in length, usually tri- 
 merous, occasionally tetramerous ; calyx campanulate, dark, T \j in. in height, with 3 or rarely 
 4 roundly deltoid lobes reaching about halfway down calyx, subglabrous ; corolla 3 4-fid, 
 argenteo-sericeous outside, narrowly urceolate; stamens 7 14, hypogynous, equal, glabrous, 
 when numerous many in pairs, about J in. in length ; anthers about -^ in. in length, nar- 
 row ; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 2 . Flowers solitary, subsessile, thick, about in. in length ; calyx 3-fid, nearly hemi- 
 spherical, nearly glabrous outside ; corolla urceolate, 3- or unequally 4-fid, silky; staminodes 
 ; style scarcely any ; stigma 3-lobed ; ovary globular-pointed, silky, pale, 3-celled, cells 
 2-ovuled ; fruit globular or depresso-globular, J in. thick, glabrate and shining ; fruiting calyx 
 3-celled, 3-seeded, somewhat accrescent, finally recurved or spreading, covered inside with 
 dense furlike hair, glabrate outside, ^ in. across. 
 
 Australia, Cape York, Voyage of Rattlesnake, October 1848, John Macgillivray ! 439; 
 Mr Daniel! March 1868; Rockingham Bay, Ferd. Mueller! Dallachy ; Prince of Wales and 
 Cumberland Islands, R. Brown! Nov. 2, 1802, in male flower. 
 
 18. MABA COMPACTA, R. Br. Prodr. p. 528. n. 7 (1810). 
 
 M. foliis ovalibus, apice emarginatis vel rotundatis, coriaeeis, glabris, reticulatis, breviter 
 petiolatis; fructibus solitariis, subsessilibus, subglobosis, glabratis, nitentibus, 3-locularibus, 
 3-spermis ; calyce fructifero patente vel reflexo, intus tomentoso, extus glabro. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 16 
 
122 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prod. Yin. p. 242. n. 11 (1844) ; Benth. Fl. Austral, iv. p. 290. n. 6 (1869). 
 
 Known only in fruit ; shrub 4 5 feet high, erect, branched ; shoots terete, bark dark 
 cinereous ; glabrous except the inside of the spreading or recurved calyx. Leaves oval, 
 suddenly narrowed or rounded at base, emarginate or rounded at base, coriaceous, highly reti- 
 culated, 2 4 in. long (including dark petiole \ \ in. long) by \\ 2 in. wide ; midrib 
 depressed above. Fruit subsessile, solitary, depresso-globose, yellow, about \ in. thick^ glabrate 
 and shining, 3-celled, 3-seeded ; fruiting calyx \ in. across, spreading or recurved, densely 
 covered on reflexed surface with short furlike tomentum, glabrous outside. 
 
 Differs from Mdba reticulata by wider leaves and more spreading or reflexed not 
 cupuli-form fruiting calyx. 
 
 Australia, North Coast Island, Feb. 18, 21, 1803, E. Brown! 
 
 19. MABA HILLEBRANDII, Seem. Fl. Vit. p. 151 (1866). 
 
 M. foliis dblongis vel ovato-oblongis, apice obtusis, basi rotundatis vel cordatis, glabris, 
 tenuiter coriaceis, supra crebre reticulatis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus solitariis sessilibus basi 
 bracteatis, masculis 3-meris, femineis 3 4-mem ; staminibus 9, glabris; fructibus oblongis 
 subglabratis, calyce fructifero glabro, lobis deltoideis. 
 
 Glabrous except the inflorescence ; branches dark cinereous. Leaves oblong or ovate- 
 oblong, rounded or cordate at the base, usually obtuse at the apex, thinly coriaceous, 
 2 6 in. long by 1 3 in. wide ; veins except midrib in relief on both sides, remarkably 
 prominent on the upper side, reticulated ; petioles T \y $, in. long. Flowers solitary sessile 
 with several imbricated ciliate bracts at base. 
 
 ,J . Flowers pubescent, trimerous ; stamens 9, 6 in 3 pairs alternating with the corol- 
 la-lobes and 3 distinct opposite the corolla-lobes, all glabrous ; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 $ . Fruit oblong, f in. long by J f in. thick, subglabrate, somewhat oblique ; fruiting 
 calyx \ in. long by \ in. wide at apex, 3 4-fid, glabrous ; lobes deltoid acute, some- 
 what spreading. 
 
 Sandwich Islands, Mountains, Oahu, Dr Hillebrand!, JRemy ! 472. 
 
 20. MABA ELLIPTICA, J. R et G. Forst. Char. Gen. PI. p. 122. t. 61 (1776). 
 
 M. ^foliis ellipticis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, apice obtusis, basi cuneatis, subcoriaceis, glabres- 
 centibus, breviter petiolatis; cymis axillaribus, 3 8-floris, pubescentibus ; floribus trimeris> 
 campanulato-tubulosis ; staminibus 3 vel 6 ; ovario 3-loculari, pubescente; fructibus ellipsoideis, 
 pedunculatis, pubescentibus. 
 
 J. R. et G. Forst. Beschreib. Gatt. Pflanz. edit. Kerner, p. 127. t. xv. f. 61 (1779) ; Poiret 
 iu Lam. Encycl. Meth. Suppl. in. p. 566. t. 803 (1813) ; Labill. Sert. Austro-Caled. p. 32. t. 35 
 (1824) ; Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 240. n. 1 (1844) ; Ettingsh. Blatt-skel. Dikot. p. 90. t. 40. 
 f. 2 (1861) ; non Seem. Fl. Vit. p. 152 (1866). 
 
 Ebenus vulgaris, Humph. Amb. Vol. III. p. 1. t. 1 (1750). 
 
 lEbenoxylum verum, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. p. 613 (1790). 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 123 
 
 Maba Ebenus, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ir. p. 126. n. 8 (1825), Alph. DC. 1. c. p. 242. n. 17, 
 
 Hassk. Retz. i. p. 107 (1855), non Wight. 
 
 IMaba? ebenoxylon, G. Don, Diet. Gard. and Bot. IV. p. 43. n. 10 (1837). 
 Diospyros hexasperma, Hasselt ex Hassk. PL Javan. p. 468. n. 353 (1848). 
 
 A shrub of 6 ft. or more or a moderate-sized tree or sometimes a lofty tree ; branches 
 slender, cinereous, terete, rather rough ; shotits hairy ; glabrescent ; leaves elliptical or oblong- 
 lanceolate, obtuse at apex, cuneate at base, glabrescent, subcoriaceous, 1^ 4 in. long by 
 | If in. wide ; petioles -fa \ in. long. 
 
 <5 . Cymes longer than the petioles, \ \ in. long exclusive of the flowers, pubescent, 
 3 8-flowered, crowded on the young branches ; common peduncle ^ \ in. long ; bracts 
 linear, small, caducous; flowers trimerous, \ in. long, campanulate-tubular, pubescent; calyx cam- 
 panulate, \ in. long, lobes deltoid-acute ; corolla tubular, 3-fid, yellowish white, lobes acute, ^ in. 
 long, rather patent ; stamens 3 or 6, hypogynous, glabrous, distinct ; ovary rudimentary, hirsute. 
 9 . Cymes \ \ in. long ; flowers as in $ ; staminodes ; ovary hairy, ovoid, 3- (or 
 according to Labillardiere 4- or by abortion 2-) celled ; cells 2-ovuled ; style short ; stigma 
 3 ( 4)-lobed ; fruit fleshy, pedunculate, crowded, greenish, ellipsoidal, scarcely 1 in. long 
 by \ in. thick, pubescent or nearly glabrous, 2 3-celled ; seeds triquetrous ; albumen car- 
 tilaginous ; plumule indistinct ; fruiting calyx not accrescent, somewhat spreading, 3-fid, 
 \ \ in. across; lobes deltoid. 
 
 Friendly Islands, Forster!, Capt. Cook!, A. Matthews ! 144 ; Navigator's Islands, Wilkes! 
 var. foliis acuminatis; Amboina, Rumf, Teijsmann!, Hasskarl ; Java, Hasselt; Cochinchina (?), 
 Loureiro ; New Caledonia, Labillardiere !, Vieillard ! 893 ; " Amsterdam Insula Oceani pa- 
 cifici" (= Tonga Tabboo, Friendly Islands), J. R. and G. Forster!. Called Maba, by the natives 
 in the Friendly Islands, and Kihariipat in Java. The plant called Anume in Navigator's Islands 
 (see Rev. Thomas Powell in Seemann's Journal of Botany, Vol. vi. p. 278, 1868) may belong to 
 this species ; it is eaten by children, and flowers in June or July and in January or February. 
 
 Difficult when young to distinguish from M. rufa, and approaching also M. buxifolia. 
 
 * 
 
 21. MABA SUMATRANA, Miq. PL Junghuhn. i. p. 204 (1851 55), FL Ned. Ind. vol. n. 
 
 p. 1051, tab. xxxvi. B (1856). 
 
 M. foliis ovato- vel ovali-oblongis, acuminatis, basi rotundatis, costatis, subtus secus costas 
 hirtellis ; cymis masculis axillaribus, multiftoris ; calyce trilobo ; corolla ovoideo-tubulosd ; sta- 
 minibus 9, glabris ; ovarii rudimento pubescente. 
 
 A subferruginous, pubescent tree, about 30 feet in height. Branches terete. Leaves 
 ovate- or oval-oblong, acuminate, rounded at base; margins flat, dark green, and with scat- 
 tered appressed long hairs on upper face; velutinous and subferruginous, especially on veins 
 beneath ; lateral veins numerous (about 8), plain beneath ; petiolate ; subcoriaceous ; 2| 4 in. 
 in length by | 1J in. in width ; petioles T ' T \ in. in length. 
 
 <5 . Cymes pedunculate, many-flowered, 1 in. in length ; flower (in bud) \ in. in 
 length, oblong, subferruginous, tomentose ; calyx ^ in. in length, 3-lobed at apex ; corolla 
 ovoid-tubular, with a slight constriction near middle, 3-fid ; lobes cordate, sub-acute ; sta- 
 mens 9, 6 in 3 pairs, 3 distinct, glabrous; anthers as long as filaments; ovary rudimentary, 
 hairy. 
 
 162 
 
124 MK HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Sumatra, Dr Fr. Junghuhn! 719; in woods near Tobing, ex Miq. in PI. Jungh. I. p. 204; 
 Java, De Vriese ! 
 
 Marcreightia andamanica, Kurz in Hep. Veg. Andam. I. edit. ii. p. 42 (1870), M. oblongi- 
 folia, Kurz 1. c. edit. i. p. xi. (1867), is said by Mr Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. vol. XL. 
 pt. ii. p. 74 (1871) to belong to Maba sumatrana, Miq. ; it is a dull dark green shrub, with 
 oblong submembranous leaves 7 8 inches long by 2| 3 in. wide, subcordate at base, and 
 robust petioles ^ in. long ; it was collected in South Andaman by Mr Kurz ! in which island 
 he states that it is common. 
 
 22. MABA VIEILLARDI, sp. nov. 
 
 M. foliis obovato-ellipticis, apice rotundis vel retusis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, glabris, 
 widatis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis brevissime cymosis, monstrosis in speciminibus ; 
 floribus femineis solitariis breviter pedunculatis ; fructibus glabratis, albido-pulverulentis, sub- 
 globosis, calyce trifido. 
 
 A tree of about 13 feet high ; glabrous or on quite young parts slightly pubescent ; 
 branches numerous, terete, smooth ; leaves oval or somewhat obovate, coriaceous, alternate, 
 rounded or somewhat emarginate at apex, more or less narrowed at base, shining, of same 
 metallic lustre when dry and without conspicuous veins on each side, coriaceous, 1 2 in. 
 long by | 1 in. wide ; petioles ^ in. long, dark and rather stout ; wavy (in the dry state) 
 and with revolute margins. 
 
 cj . Cymes axillary on young branches, about ^ in. long, recurved, puberulous ; flowers 
 about in. long, monstrous in the specimen (Deplanche, 449) by the stamens being petaloid, 
 puberulous ; calyx and corolla campanulate, about in. long, deeply 3-fid ; ovaiy 0. 
 
 S . Fruit solitary, on peduncles about J in. long, puberulous or glabrate, subglobose, 
 glabrous, covered with white efflorescence, nearly J in. in diameter, 3-celled, 5 6-seeded ; 
 seeds about n. long ; albumen scarcely ruminated, but with slight sinuous intrusion of the 
 rather thick testa; fruiting calyx, puberulous outside, glabrous inside, not accrescent, appressed 
 to base of r it, 3-fid, ^ in. across. 
 
 New Caledonia, Vieillard! n. 897; Deplanche! 448 (in fruit), 449, Kanala; Panch&r /, 
 Iron Mountains of Kanala, 1862. 
 
 The following two species are very imperfectly known : 
 23. MABA ANDERSONI, Soland. MSS. in Herb. Mus. Brit., Seem. Fl. Vit. p. 152 (1866). 
 
 M. arborea, ramis cinereis glabris; foliis ellipticis, apice obtusis, basi subrotundis, petio- 
 latis; floribus pubescentibus, svbsessilibus, masculis glomeratis ; fructibus solitariis. 
 
 A tree with cinereous branches, glabrous except the inflorescence, apparently dioecious. 
 Leaves alternate, elliptical, obtuse at apex, rounded or nearly so at base, of uniform colour, 
 with minute net-veins, 4f 5 in. long by 2^ 3^ in. wide ; petioles about - in. long. 
 
 <?(?). Flowers subsessile, clustered several together on the young branches. 
 
 ? . Fruit solitary, subsessile, with, wide articulation at base to the very short peduncle. 
 
 Tonga Islands, Capt. Cook!, third voyage. 
 
 Possibly identical with M. major, Forst. The foliage is somewhat like that of M. com- 
 pacta, E. Br. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 125 
 
 24. MABA MAJOR, G. Forst. PL Escul. Insul. Ocean. Austr. p. 54, n. 21 (1786). 
 
 M. arborea, fructibus edulibus bipotticaribus, ceterum M. ellipticce similibus, 2 S-spermis ; 
 seminibus triquetris. 
 
 . Cook, Voyage to the Pacific Ocean in 177680, edit. ii. p. 393 (1785) ; Alph. DC. Prodr. 
 VIII. p. 242. n. 15 (1844). 
 
 A tree known only from its fruit, which is 2 in. long, " roundly oval," like that of 
 M. elliptica Forst., but three times the size, tough, egg-shaped, and containing 2 or 3 trique- 
 trous seeds in cells. The taste is insipid, but nevertheless is used by the natives of the 
 Friendly Islands for food, and is frequently planted near their houses; they call it Maba or 
 Mabba. 
 
 Tongatabu, Namoka, E-uwa, Hapa-i, and other of the Friendly Islands, G. Forster, 
 Capt. Cook. 
 
 25. MABA GRISEBACHII. 
 
 M. glaucescens, foliis rotundato- vel ovali-ovatis, apice spinuloso-apiculatis, coriaceis, basi 
 rotundis vel subcordatis, brevissime petiolatis, reticulatis ; floribus femineis solitariis, axillaribus, 
 brevissime pedunculatis, trimeris; corollce lobis ovatis, acutis ; staminodiis 6, glabris, uniseriali- 
 bus; ovario ovoideo-conico, hirsuto, apice glabro, 6-loculari, 6-ovulato. 
 
 Macreigktia buxifolia, Grisebach, Catal. Plant. Cubens. p. 169 (1866). 
 
 Pale glaucescent shining stiff (shrub ?), with terete branches spreading at about 50 60, 
 glabrous except the flowers. Leaves alternate, crowded, rotund, oval, or ovate, spinulose- 
 apiculate, coriaceous, rounded or subcordate at base, shortly petiolate, average size $ in. 
 long (including petiole and apiculus) by T 3 ^ in. wide ; petioles ^ in. long by ^ in. wide, dilatato- 
 concave ; veins reticulated, in relief on both sides, more conspicuous on under-side. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, crowded, in axils of upper leaves, shortly pedunculate, \ in. long, 
 trimerous ; peduncle equalling or slightly exceeding the petiole, hairy ; calyx \ in. long, thickly 
 coriaceous, covered outside with close short pale hairs and inside with denser hair except 
 near base ; lobes \ in. long, broadly ovate, suddenly acuminate at apex, with sides revolute 
 and sub-auricular at base, somewhat concave within to make room for the ovary. Corolla 
 fa in. long, hairy like the calyx outside except near base, glabrous inside ; lobes ^ in. long, 
 ovate, acute, spreading ; tube triangularly prismatic. Staminodes 6, -fa in. long, glabrous, 
 nearly equal, uniseriate, inserted near base of corolla. Ovary j in. long (including style), ovoid- 
 conical, continuous with the 3-lobed style, covered except at apex with short dense pale hair, 
 6-celled, cells 1-ovuled. 
 
 E. Cuba, near St Antonio, Wright ! No. 2938. 
 
 26. MABA CARIB^A. 
 
 M. glaucescens, foliis obovatis, apice rotundatis vel emarginatis, basi angustatis, coriaceis, 
 glabris, reticulatis, breviter petiolatis ;' floribus masculis brevissime cymosis, pubescentibus, tri- 
 meris, staminibus 8 ; floribus femineis solitariis, sessilibus vel breviter pedunculatis, trimeris, 
 staminodiis 3 6, ovario dense hirsuto, 6 1-loculari, G-ovulato ; fructibus subglobosis, glabris, 
 nitentibus; albumine ruminato. 
 
126 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^!. 
 
 Macreightia caribcea, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 221. n. 1 (1844), non Griseb. Veg. Karab. 
 Ins. Guadal. p. 91. n. 846 (1857, = Casasia calophylla Rich.). 
 
 Tree, glaucescent, glabrous except very young parts and flowers, which are pale fulvous 
 and softly pubescent ; branches making 60 with stem. Leaves obovate, rounded or emarginate 
 at apex, somewhat narrowed at base, coriaceous, midrib depressed above, glabrous, plane but 
 margins reflexed ; net- veins very closely and clearly reticulated, raised on both sides ; 1J 3 in. 
 in length by | 1$ in. in width, rather paler beneath ; petioles -fo in. in length. 
 
 $ . Cymes very short, usually 3-flowered, pubescent, pale fulvous; flowers narrowly oval; 
 calyx tubular, with 3 shortly deltoid lobes at apex; corolla 3-fid; glabrous and dark inside; 
 stamens 8, unequal; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 2 . Flowers solitary, sessile or on peduncles ^ f in. in length, pubescent, | J in. in height ; 
 bracts small, pubescent ; calyx coriaceous, thick, with wide undulating diverging and auricled 
 lobes; openly campanulate, deeply 3-fid, fin. in width, hairy on both sides; corolla 3-fid, 
 | in. long, lobes acute, glabrous inside, hairy outside ; staminodes 3 6, equal, inserted near 
 base of corolla ; ovary densely hairy, 6 ?-celled, 6-ovuled. According to Grisebach (Fl. Br. W. 
 Ind. p. 404) the ovary is 3-celled, with 3 other incomplete dissepiments separating the gemi- 
 nate ovules. Fruit squarely subglobose, glabrous and shining, orange-coloured, about 1 in. in 
 diameter ; fruiting calyx nearly as wide, but not accrescent, horizontal ; lobes with replicative 
 sinuses ; albumen deeply ruminated. 
 
 Cuba, C. Wright/ 1331, near village called Monte Verde, E. Cuba; Rugel, 662; Haiti, 
 C. Ehrenberg ! ; Nectoux f ; Antilles ! ; " America meridionalis," Richard I in Hb. Vahl. 
 
 27. MABA INTRICATA. 
 
 M. glaucescens, intricato-ramosa, foliis obovatis, apice rotundatis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, 
 brevissime petiolatis ; fructibus globosis, glabratis, uncialibus, breve pedunculatis, Q-spermis, 
 albumine non ruminato, calyce fructifero patente, trilobo. 
 
 Macreightia intricata, A. Gray in Proceed. Amer. Acad. V. p. 163 (Jan. 1862). 
 
 Pale glaucescent (shrub?), with intricate branches spreading at 60 80; young parts 
 weakly and appressedly pubescent. Leaves obovate, cuneate at base, rounded at apex, few- 
 veined, appressedly and inconspicuously pubescent on midrib and beneath, about 1 in. long 
 by | in. wide ; coriaceous ; petioles very short. Fruiting peduncles arching-reflexed, \ ^ in. 
 long, tough, glabrous, solitary ; fruiting calyx flat, J in. in diameter, covered with very short 
 inconspicuous and weak pale hairs, with 3 rounded lobes, | in. long, reflexed at tip ; fruit 
 of bright orange colour, glabrate, globular, about 1 in. in diameter, 6-seeded ; albumen not 
 ruminated. 
 
 Lower California, Cape St Lucas, &c., Xantus! 68, Aug. 1859 Jan. 1860. 
 
 28. MABA ALBENS. 
 
 M. foliis obovato-oblongis, utrinque angustatis, confertis, molliter puberulis, subtus albenti- 
 l>us, subcoriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis 3-ra's, brevissime cymosis, 3 4 5-meris; 
 staminibus 12 11, glabris ; ovarii rudimento pubescente. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 127 
 
 Diospyros albens, Presl, Reliq. Haenk. u. p. 62 (1835-6). 
 
 Macreightia albens, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 221. n. 2 (1844); Ettingsh. Blatt-skel. Dikot. 
 p, 89. t. 38. f. 11 (1861). 
 
 A shrub or tree with pallid or cinereous bark and dull leaves; branches terete, glabrescent; 
 young parts pubescent; leaves obovate-oblong or lanceolate, more or less narrowed at both 
 ends, crowded, softly puberulous, dull green above, paler beneath and with minute scales, 
 subcoriaceous, midrib slightly depressed beneath, veins slender ; 1 \ 3 in. long by f 1 in. 
 wide ; petiole T V~ i in- long- 
 
 $ . Flowers arranged on short (^ ^ in. long) pubescent 3-flowered cymes, which grow 
 on the youngest shoots ; | in. long by in. wide ; calyx campanulate or ovoid, J in. long by 
 in. wide, unequally 3-fid (occasionally 4 5-fid with lanceolate lobes), pubescent on both sides; 
 lobes usually ovate ; corolla shortly 3 4-lobed, urceolate-oblong, pubescent outside, glabrous 
 inside, lobes oblique, imbricated sinistrorsely ; stamens 12 11 (6 filaments, 2 together ex Presl 
 I. c.) all or some inserted at the base of the corolla, glabrous ; ovary rudimentary, pubescent. 
 
 Flowers in June. 
 
 Mexico, Acapulco, Presl, Haenke! 47; Soledad, Dr Wawra! 168. 
 
 29. MABA INCONSTANS, Grisebach, Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 404 (1864). 
 
 M. foliis oblongo-obovatis vel oblongis, apice obtusis, basi angustatis, subglabris vel sub- 
 tomentosis, tenuiter reticulatis, subcoriaceis, inter dum, minute pellucido-punctatis, breviter peti- 
 olatis ; floribus masculis breviter cymosis, 3 4-mm's ; staminibus 6 1 2, scepius 9, incequalibus, 
 glabris ; floribus femineis subsolitariis, 3 (4-)mm's ; staminodiis 3 4 ; ovario hirsute, 6-locu- 
 lari ; fructibus solitariis, 6-locularibus, depresso-globosis, subglabratis ; seminibus oblongis; albu- 
 mine non ruminato. 
 
 Macreightia inconstans, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 221. n. 6 (1844). 
 
 Diospyros inconstans, Jacq. Amer. p. 276, t. 174. f. 67 (1763). 
 
 Macreightia conduplicata, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 221. n. 5 (1844). 
 
 Diospyros conduplicata, Kunth in Humb. et Bonpl. Nov. Gen. iii. p. 254 (1818). 
 
 Diospyros Berterii, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 234. n. 61 (1844). 
 
 Diospyros obtusifolia, Bert, in Alph. DC. 1. c., non Humb. et Bonpl. 
 
 Macreightia obovata, Mart, in Fl. Bras. VIT. Eben. p. 9. t. 2. f. 3 (1856). 
 
 Macreightia psidioides, Alph. DC. Prodr. VIIL p. 221. n. 4 (1844). 
 
 Diospyros psidioides, Kunth in Humb. et Bonpl. Nov. Gen. iii. p. 254 (1818). 
 
 A moderate-sized dioecious (monoecious, according to Jacquin) tree or shrub, with young 
 parts and inflorescence fulvo- or ferruginous-pubescent, more or less glabrescent. Leaves alter- 
 nate, oblong-obovate or oblong, subglabrous or subtomentose-pubescent, reticulated, subcoria- 
 ceous, somewhat narrowed at base, and more or less pointed or obtuse at apex; sometimes 
 minutely pellucid-punctate; margins just recurved, 1| Gin. long, f 2| in. wide; midrib 
 depressed above ; petioles J in. long ; cymes short, drooping, 3-flowered or 3-several-flowered 
 in male plants, ^ \ J in. long ; bracts small, caducous, acute, ovate or lanceolate or obovate- 
 oblong. 
 
 $ . Flowers -$5 f in. long, 3 4- (usually 3-) -merous, campanulate-oblong ; calyx -fa ^ in. 
 long, campanulate, pubescent; lobes ovate, somewhat spreading, about equalling the tube or 
 
128 ME HIERN, ON EBENACEA 
 
 exceeding it ; corolla glabrous (villous, according to Jacquin) within, pubescent outside, conical 
 at apex in bud ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, about equalling the tube ; stamens 6 12, usually 9 
 (3 10, according to Jacquin), unequal, either distinct or in pairs or 3 together, inserted at 
 base of corolla or partly hypogynous, glabrous ; ovary abortive ; receptacle hairy. 
 
 9 . Cymes soon becoming 1-flowered by lapse of the lateral flowers, fa | in. long. 
 Calyx openly campanulate, 3- (4-) fid, with rounded lobes, about in. across, puberulous out- 
 side, tomentose inside ; corolla widened below, the lobes extending only way down, densely 
 ferruginous-pubescent outside; staminodes glabrous, (in one flower) 4, 2 being distinct and 2 
 combined by their filaments ; in another flower 3, alternating with the corolla-lobes ; ovary 
 6-celled, 6-ovuled, ^ in. high, covered outside with short appressed drab hairs ; style simple, 
 columnar, ^ in. high, trifid at apex, hairy at base ; stigmas punctiform ; fruit solitary, 6-celled, 
 yellowish, with black bitter pulp, depresso-globose, subsessile or shortly stalked, ^ | in. thick, 
 subglabrate and shining ; fruiting calyx about f in. in diameter, reflexed or nearly flat, with 
 3 (4) rounded or bifid lobes, tube thickened within; seeds oblong; albumen not ruminated. 
 
 The following varieties may be noticed : 
 a. obovata. A tree or shrub with obovate-oblong leaves. 
 
 # granatensis. A shrub with oblong leaves. Occasionally the leaves are couduplicate 
 (in the dry state). 
 
 Flowers in February, July, and September. 
 
 S.America, St Vincent, Guilding ! ; Martinique, PUe! 762; New Granada, Carthagena, 
 Jacquin, Triana! 2613; Sabanilla, Karsten! ; S^? Martha, Purdie! Goudot! No. 1; Guayaquil, 
 Bonpland! 3846; Brazil, Pohl! 1980, Sello! 1211, 1689, 2301; Eio Janeiro, Gaudichaud ! ; 
 Minas Geraes, Weddell! ; Dr Eegnell! iii. 1516. 
 
 30. MABA ACAPULCENSIS. 
 
 M. foliis dbovato-lanceolatis, apice acutis, basi cuneatis, utrinque hirtellis, subtus subcanes- 
 centibus, reticulatis, submembranaceis, petiolatis ; fructibus solitariis, subsessilibus, subglobosis, 
 uncialibus ; calyce fructifero patente, profunde 3-fido ; albumine non ruminate. 
 
 Macreightia acapulcencis, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 221. n. 3 (1844), excl. Syn. Diospyros 
 salicifolia. 
 
 Diospyros acapukensis, Kunth in Humb. et Bonpl. Nov. Gen. iii. p. 254 (1818). 
 
 Terminal buds oblong, sericeous-tomentose ; the axillary ones smaller, pubescent ; shoots 
 glabrous, dark-cinereous, smooth ; leaves obovate-lanceolate, acute, cuneate at the base, hir- 
 tellous on both sides, especially beneath where they are subcanescent, reticulato-venose, mem- 
 branous, 2| in. long or more, by about f in. wide, petiolate ; fruit solitary, subsessile, sub- 
 globose, 1 in. in diameter; fruiting calyx flat, nearly 1 in. across, deeply 3-fid; lobes widely 
 ovate, felted inside, puberulous outside ; albumen not ruminated ; cotyledons oblong, rather 
 obtuse, double the length of the radicle. 
 
 Mexico, Acapulco, Bqnpland ! 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^L 129 
 
 31. MABA SALICIFOLIA. 
 
 M. ramis teretibus cinereis, junioribus pubescentibus ; foliis lanceolato-oblongis, utrinque 
 angustatis, apice obtusis, coriaceis, supra glabrescentibus, subtus pubescentibus, breviter petio- 
 latis, nervis inconspicuis ; fructibus solitariis, globosis, glabris, breviter pedunculatis ; calyce 
 fructifero triftdo, utrinque puberulo, appresso. 
 
 Diospyros salicifolia, Humb. et Bonpl. ex Willd. Sp. PI. IV. p. 1112. n. 18 (1805) ; Hb. 
 Willd. n. 19250. 
 
 Young leaves and shoots pubescent ; branches cinereous, terete. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, 
 narrowed at both ends, obtuse at apex, glabrescent above, coriaceous, with inconspicuous 
 veins, about 2J in. long by | in. wide ; petioles in. long, puberulous. Fruit solitary, globose, 
 glabrous, shining, of a pale orange colour, about 1J in. in diameter; peduncles | in, long, 
 stout, puberulous; calyx 3-fid, appressed to base of fruit, puberulous on both sides, about 
 1 in. across, lobes semi-elliptical, with obscure parallel veins. 
 
 Equatorial America, Humboldt and Bonpland! 
 
 Alph. De Candolle unites this species with M. acapulcensis, but the foliage is sufficiently 
 different. 
 
 32. MABA PAVONIL 
 
 M. foliis ovalibus, apice acutis, basi obtusis, supra subglabris, subtus velutinis, subcoria- 
 ceis, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis cymosis, brevissime pedicellatis, 3-meris, pubescenti- 
 bus ; floribus femineis solitariis, breviter pedunculatis. 
 
 Macreightia Pavonii, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 222. n. 7 (1844). 
 
 Branches puberulous. Leaves oval, acute at apex, rather glabrous above, velutinous and 
 paler beneath and on the petioles, 5 6 in. long by 2f in. wide ; midrib puberulous above, 
 thinly subcoriaceous ; petioles in. long. 
 
 $. Flowers $ in. long, several together on axillary fulvo-tomentose peduncles which are 
 about | in. long ; pedicels scarcely -fa in. long. Calyx \ in. long, ovoid, hairy on both sides ; 
 lobes ovate, acute. Corolla fulvo-sericeous outside except at base, glabrous outside, twice the 
 length of the calyx. 
 
 5 . Flowers solitary, T \ in. long ; peduncles \ in. long ; calyx deeply 3-fid ; lobes oval, 
 submucronate. 
 
 Local name Orlaca. Peru (?) or Mexico (?) ex Alph. DC., Pawn! 
 
 33. MABA MANNII, sp. nov. 
 
 M. glabrescens, foliis ovalibus, apice obtusis, basi rotundatis vel parum angustatis, subco- 
 riaceis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis 3-nis, brevissime cymosis, trimeris, staminibus 6 9, 
 leviter hirsutis, basi corollce insertis ; ovarii rudimento hirsuto ; fructibus solitariis, subsessilibus, 
 subglobosis, glabratis, 5 G-lbcularibus ; calyce parvo, patente, leviter puberulo ; seminibus 5 6, 
 albumins ruminato. 
 
 A. small tree, growing by rivers; glabrescent, dark when dried; branches terete, erect- 
 patent. Leaves oval, browner beneath, subcoriaceous, spreading, midrib and lateral veins 
 VOL. XII. PAET I. 17 
 
130 MR HIERN, ON EBENACILE. 
 
 clear, raised beneath, depressed above, 3 to 5 in. in length by 1J to 2| in. in width ; petioles 
 ^5 in. in length ; flowers subsessile. 
 
 6 . Cymes very short, very slightly pubescent, dark, 3-flowered, thick. Flower trimerous, 
 \ | in. in length, slightly hairy, white when living, dark when dry. Calyx ciliate and 
 slightly hairy, -fo in. in height, with 3 rounded lobes about ^ in. in length, campanulate, not 
 appressed to corolla, not accrescent ; corolla tubular, glabrous, 3-lobed near apex ; lobes ^ of 
 the depth of the corolla, rounded. Stamens 8 (6 9), linear, acute, somewhat hairy, inserted 
 at base of corolla, in 2 series (6 in outer series). Ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 9 . Fruit glabrous, of bright orange colour when ripe (glabrescent), sub-globose, ob- 
 scurely 5 6-sided, (5-) 6-celled, 5 6-seeded, nearly 1 in. in diameter. Fruiting calyx hori- 
 zontal, small, -fa in. across, faintly puberulous ; albumen ruminated. 
 
 Flowers in April, near the Equator, West Africa, Niger Expedition, Barter! 1220; 
 Bagroo River, Mann! 839; Quorra, Vogel! 
 
 34. MABA SEYCHELLARUM, sp. nov. 
 
 M. fruticosa, foliis anguste ellipticis, apice obtusis, glabris, subcoriaceis, distichis, subsessi- 
 libus ; floribus femineis solitariis, subsessilibus, pubescentibus, trimeris, calyce breviter S-lobo, 
 siaminodiis 3 6, glabris, basi corollce insertis, ovario ovoideo, S-loculari, loculis biovulatis, stylo 
 apice 3-lobo ; fructibus ellipsoideis, glabris; calyce fructifero cupuliformi, appresso; seminibus 
 solitariis, albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Shrub 10 12 ft. high ; branches dark-cinereous, terete, at 35, with sbort patent hairs 
 at extremities, glabrescent; terminal bud with light brown pubescence. Leaves narrowly 
 elliptical, obtuse or notched at apex, slightly narrowed at base, subsessile, distichous, somewhat 
 convex from above in dried state ; midrib depressed above, other veins inconspicuous ; sub- 
 coriaceous, glabrous, 1 to 2 in. in length by J to ^ in. in width ; internodes y to ^ in. in 
 length. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, subsessile, with light brown pubescence, i in. long. Calyx campanu- 
 late, in. long, with 3 shallow depresso-deltoid apiculate lobes, pilose outside, glabrous within. 
 Corolla 3-lobed, divided more than half-way down, hairy outside except near base, glabrous 
 inside ; lobes obtuse, imbricated. Staminodes 3 or 6, glabrous, inserted at base of corolla-tube. 
 Ovary ovoid, glabrous except near apex or pubescent all over, 3-celled, cells 2-ovuled. Style 
 erect, 3-lobed at apex, hairy except at apex. Fruit glabrous, ovoid, pallid, rather more than 
 f in. long by rather more than | in. thick, 1 (?)-seeded. Albumen not ruminated, white ; fruit- 
 ing calyx 3-cornered, shortly cup-shaped, about J in. high by J in. wide. 
 
 Seychelles I., Perville! 36, mountains near the cascade; Mane", 13 Febr. 1840. 
 
 A specimen with similar foliage but rather more slender branches and peduncles (spines?) 
 \ in. long without flowers may belong here. Seychelles, Boivin ! Mahe". 
 
 Fruit subsessile, solitary, axillary, ellipsoidal, J | in. long by \ in. thick, of a pale 
 colour, shining, glabrous except at the apex where the remains of the hairy style project ; 
 fruiting calyx pubescent or glabrescent, cup-shaped, appressed to base of fruit, 3-lobed usually 
 with short depresso-deltoid lobes, -fa \ in. high; fruit 1-celled, 1-seeded; seed rather more 
 than \ in. long (in one case) by in. thick ; albumen not ruminated, bony. Seychelles, Dr 
 Perdval Wright! 1867, 30 May 23 Nov., n. 122. 
 
MB HIEEN, ON EBENACE,. 131 
 
 X ' 
 
 35. MABA LANCEOLATA. 
 
 M. foliis lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, utrinque acutis, glabris, coriaceis, breviter petio- 
 latis ; Jloribus masculis 1 3-nis, sessilibus, basi bracteatis, bracteis imbricatis, calyce hirsuto, 
 breviter 3-lobo, corolld 3 4^-lobd, staminibus 24 32, glabris, basi corollce insertis ; Jloribus 
 femineis brevissime pedunculatis, ovario glabro, globoso, 3-loculari, loculis biovulatis; fructibus 
 ovoideis, glabris, nitidis. 
 
 Diospyros lanceolata, Poir. Encycl. Me"th. V. p. 434 (1804) ; Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 236. 
 n. 69 (1844) ; non Wall. 
 
 A tree ; with glabrous, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate leaves, acute at both ends, especially 
 at the apex, coriaceous, in the dry state brown on both sides, 1| 2f in. long by | 1-Jg- in. 
 wide ; petioles spreading, | ^ in. long ; veins confluent at the margin, shining above ; 
 margins recurved. 
 
 <. Flowers 1 3 together, sessile, ovoid, acute in bud, 1J in. long; surrounded at the 
 base by 7 imbricated rounded ciliolated unequal coriaceous bracts, glabrous except at margin, 
 the inferior ones very short. Calyx nearly \ in. long, densely hirsute, ferruginous, shortly 
 3-lobed, 3-cornered, campanulate in flower (spreading in fruit much less hairy and in. 
 across). Corolla glabrous but with broad hairy patches outside lobes, \ f$ in. long, deeply 
 3 4-lobed ; lobes oblong, emarginate, spreading and recurved. Stamens 24 32, glabrous, 
 inserted at base of corolla, the outer ones shorter; filaments short. Ovary wanting. 
 
 ? . Peduncles very short, recurved ; calyx urceolate, shortly 3-lobed, not accrescent ; 
 corolla narrowed at the throat, deeply 3 4-(?) lobed ; staminodes ...; ovary quite glabrous, 
 shining, spherical, 3-celled; cells 2-ovuled with imperfect septa in middle ; style 3-lobed, erect; 
 fruit ovoid, glabrous, shining. 
 
 Madagascar, Commerson ! 
 
 The leaf described and figured by Ettingshausen in Blatt-skel. Dikot. p. 89. t. 37. fig. 12 
 (1861) is decidedly larger than in the specimens that I have seen of this species; it pro- 
 bably belonged to a different species. 
 
 36. MABA NATALENSIS, Harv. Thes. Cap. n. p. 7. t. 110 (1863). 
 
 M. fruticosa, ramis gracilibus patentibus ; foliis ovalibus, obtusis, glabris, supra nitentibus, 
 subtus pallidioribus, breviter petiolatis ; Jloribus femineis solitariis, brevissime pedunculatis ; 
 calyce cupuliformi, glabro, integro ; corolld trilobd, extus sericed; staminodiis 6 9, glabris, 
 uniserialibus ; ovario conico, glabro, 3-loculari, loculis bi-ovulatis. 
 
 A quickly glabrescent shrub ; branches pale, slender, spreading at 60 65 ; shoots 
 flexuous, puberulous. Leaves oval, obtuse or mucronate at apex, submembranous, flat, 
 \ 1 in. in length by \ j^ in. in width, veins delicate and inconspicuous, shining and dark 
 green above, paler beneath ; petioles - ^ in. in length. 
 
 9 . Flower solitary, axillary, very shortly pedunculate, in. in length ; peduncle ^ ^ in. 
 in length. Calyx ^ in. in length, truncate, entire, dark green, glabrous, semi-ellipsoidal. 
 Corolla - in. in length, argenteous-sericeous outside, 3-lobed ; lobes in. in depth, diverging, ob- 
 long, acute. Staminodes 6 9, free, uniseriate, ^ in. in length, glabrous. Ovary conical, drab, 
 
 172 
 
132 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 glabrous, terminated by a style 3-lobed at the apex, 3-celled, cells bi-ovuled ; style as long 
 as ovary, glabrous. Fruit ellipsoidal, glabrous, of pale chestnut colour, J in. in height by in. 
 in width ; style persistent ; fruiting calyx not increased in height, hemispherical, like an 
 acorn-cup, 1 -seeded. 
 
 S. Africa, Natal, W. T. Gerrardf 110; D'Urban, Mackenf 675. 
 
 37. MABA ABTSSINICA, sp. nov. 
 
 M. fruticosa, foliis lanceolato-oblongis, plerumque apice obtusis et basi rotundatis, glabris, 
 subcoriaceis, planis, breviter peiiolatis, nervis inconspicuis ; Jloribus masculis subsessilibus, 
 aggregatis, 3 Omen's, calyce laxo, lobis rotundatis ciliatis, corolld glabrd, staminibus circiter 
 14, glabris ; Jloribus femineis 3 5-nis, aggregatis, brevissime pedicellatis, 3 5- scepius 3-me- 
 ris, calyce campanulato, non accrescente, corolld glabrd, aperte campanulatd; staminodiis 3 4, 
 glabris ; ovario ovoideo, glabro, Q-loculari, loculis uni-ovulatis, stylo apice 3-lobo ; fructibus 
 glabris, subglobosis ; seminibus solitariis, albumine non ruminato. 
 
 A large shrub, glabrous except the inflorescence ; shoots dark, terete. Leaves lanceo- 
 late-oblong, obtuse and often somewhat acuminate at apex, more or less narrowed at base, 
 subcoriaceous, flat, of the same dull colour on each face, somewhat shining above, patent or 
 erect-patent, 2 5 in. long by | If in. wide; petioles ^ in. long; midrib slightly depressed 
 above, veins inconspicuous. Bracts pubescent, small, caducous ; flowers subsessile, clustered, 
 axillary ; flowers mostly trimerous, sometimes 4 5-merous. 
 
 <5 . Flowers in. long ; calyx -fa in. long, lax, usually 3-fid, lobes rounded, minutely 
 ciliate ; corolla widely campanulate, glabrous, 3 4-fid, lobes rounded;, stamens about 14, 
 glabrous, appearing at the mouth of the open corolla, mostly in pairs, inserted at the base 
 of the corolla, filaments short ; ovary rudimentary, glabrous. 
 
 5 . Flowers 3 5 together, on very short puberulous pedicels, \ J in. long ; calyx \ in. 
 long, or after the fall of the corolla about \ in. long, glabrous or margins of the lobes 
 minutely ciliate, deeply 3 5- usually 3-lobed, campanulate, lobes wide or cordate at base, 
 \ in. long ; corolla glabrous, openly campanulate, deeply 3 5-lobed, not always isomerous 
 with the calyx, lobes spreading or recurved, oval-ovate, obtuse ; staminodes 3 4, glabrous, 
 alternate with the lobes of the corolla; ovary glabrous, ovoid, conical at apex, 6-celled, cells 
 1-ovuled ; style thick, 3-lobed at apex ; fruiting calyx lax, not accrescent ; fruit glabrous, sub- 
 globose, shining, of dark coppery colour, -fa e_ i n . l on g by \ \ in. thick, 1 few-seeded, 
 bearing ^remains of style at apex ; albumen of seeds cartilaginous, not ruminated. 
 
 Abyssinia, on the sides of the valley of Bellagass near Loegga, 5000 feet altitude, 
 Schimperf 1854, n. 1080; Sila 5000 6000 feet altitude, Schimper! 1854, n. 1334; Keren, 
 bank of river, Beccari ! n. 55, May, 1870. 
 
 38. MABA QUILOENSIS, sp. nov. 
 
 M. glabrescens, foliis ellipticis, apice obtusis, basi subcordatis, submembranaceis, breviter 
 petiolatis, nervis lateralibus inconspicuis ; foribus femineis subsessilibus, sub-3-nis, calyce trilobo, 
 ovario glabro, ovoideo-conico, 6-loculari, loculis uni-ovulatis, stylo apice trilobo, glabro, caly- 
 cem superante. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 133 
 
 Glabrous shrub; branches terete, at about 60, argenteous-cinereous, except when very 
 young and then they become blackish in the dried state. Leaves alternate, elliptical, dark 
 without conspicuous lateral veins, submembranous, obtuse or rounded at apex, usually sub- 
 cordate at base, 1 to 2 in. in length by -J to 1 in. in width ; petioles scarcely i in. in length 
 
 9 . Flowers subsessile, about 3 together, dark when dry ; calyx ^ in. in height with 
 3 ovate diverging lobes extending down the calyx; corolla fallen from specimens- ovary 
 glabrous, ovoid-conical, 6-celled, cells 1-ovuled; style 3-lobed at apex, glabrous, higher than 
 the calyx. 
 
 East Tropical Africa, Quiloa, Dr Kirk! Fl. Zangueb. n. 110, 10 January, 1867. 
 
 39. MABA MICRANTHA. 
 
 M. foliis ellipticis vel oblongis, basi attenuatis, apice obtuse acuminatis, glabris, coriaceis, 
 petiolatis ; floribus femineis solitariis, sessilibus, axillaribus ; calyce tubuloso, integro, truncate, 
 in squamis paucis bifariis imbricatis insidente ; corolla tubulosd, trifidd; quam calyce triplo lon- 
 giore, lobis ovatis obtusis patentibus ; staminodiis 6, basi corollas inseriis ; ovdrio hemisphcerico, 
 glabro, 6-loculari ; loculis uni-ovulatis ; stylis 3, erectis. 
 
 Holochilus micranthus, Dalz. in Kew Jour. Bot. IV. p. 291 (1852), Dalz. et Gibs. Bomb. 
 Fl. p. 142 (1861). 
 
 A middle-sized tree. Leaves elliptical or oblong, attenuate at base, obtusely acuminate 
 at apex, coriaceous, glabrous, 4 5 in. long by 2 in. wide; petioles J in. long. Flowers dioe- 
 cious ; $ flowers unknown. 
 
 9 . Flowers \ in. long, white, solitary, sessile, axillary ; calyx tubular, entire, truncate, 
 placed among a few bifarious scales ; corolla tubular, 3 times the length of the calyx, 3-lobed 
 nearly to the middle ; lobes ovate, obtuse, spreading. Staminodes 6, inserted at the base of 
 the corolla-tube, distinct, filaments double of the length of the barren anthers ; styles 3, 
 erect, rather thick, obtuse at the apex ; ovary hemispherical, glabrous, 6-celled ; ovules solitary. 
 Fruit cylindric-oblong, supported at the base by the accrescent truncate calyx, dry, hard, 
 1 in. long, 6-celled; seeds solitary. 
 
 In the Syhadra hills, on the Southern Ghauts, Bombay. Flowers in February and 
 March, Dalzell. 
 
 40. MABA LAMPONGA, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. i. n. 1179. p. 584 (1860). 
 
 M. foliis dbovato-oblongis vel ellipticis, apice rotundatis retusis, basi angustatis, glabres- 
 centibus, coriaceis, breviter petiolatis, venis inconspicuis ; floribus masculis (monstrosis in spe- 
 ciminibus ?) axillaribus supra-axillaribus et lateralibus, paniculatis fasciculatis umbellatis vel 
 interdum solitariis ; floribus femineis solitariis, subsessilibus vel breviter pedunculatis, axilla- 
 ribus, calyce tridentato, corolla- subcampanulatd, lobis elliptico-oblongis, acuminatis, ovario 
 ovoideo, glabro, stylo brevissimo, stigmatibus 3, patentibus. 
 
 Buds velutinous. Leaves minutely and appressedly downy when young, quickly glabres- 
 cent, obovate-oblong or elliptical, acute or sub-cuneate at the base, in most cases widely 
 rounded and retuse at the apex,' coriaceous, rather shining, griseo-pallid when dry, nearly 
 
134 MB HIEEN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 veinless, but with slender net-veins when old, 3^ 2 in. long ; petioles short, sub-trigonous. 
 Flowers dioecious ? 
 
 $. Flowers (all monstrous?) axillary supra-axillary and lateral, sometimes in short 
 panicles, -at other times fascicled or umbelled, occasionally solitary, pedicelled ; corolla repre- 
 sented by 3 ovate scales united at the base, alternating with the calyx-teeth, pubescent; 
 moreover there are placed inside numerous narrower scales (monstrous stamens?) in several 
 series, free or united in pairs, more or less hairy at the back, plainly imbricated. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, subsessile or shortly pedunculate, axillary ; calyx coriaceous, cupu- 
 liform-globose, tridentate ; teeth triangular acute, appressedly downy outside; tube of the 
 corolla short, subcampanulate, glabrous as high as the calyx ; lobes elliptic-oblong, acuminate, 
 densely hirsute along the middle of the back. Ovary ovoid, glabrous ; style very short, 
 thick, stigmas 3, spreading, canaliculate in front. 
 
 South Sumatra in prov. Lampong ; on sea coast. Teysmann. 
 
 41. MABA MERGUENSIS, sp. nov. 
 
 M. foliis ovalibus oblongis vel ovato-oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi subrotundis vel parwn 
 angustatis, gldbris, submembranaceis vel tenuiter coriaceis, petiolatis ; floribus masculis 8-nis, 
 paniculatis, parvis, axillaribus, 3 4-men's, pedicettis brevissimis ; calyce aperte campanulato, 
 minute puberulo, ciliato ; corolld subglabrd ; staminibus 14 16, glabris ; ovarii rudimento 
 subtus glabro ; floribus femineis dense cymosis, 3 9-nis, plerumque trimeris ; staminodiis 3 
 vel 6, glabris, basi corolla insertis; ovario glabro, 6-loculari, loculis uni-ovulatis ; frwtibus 
 globosis, glabris; seminibus oblongis, albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Cfr. Diospyros frutescens, var., Blume, Bijdr. fl. ned. Jnd. p. 668 (1825) ; /3. Tallak, 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vni. p. 230. n. 38 (1844). 
 
 A small tree, glabrous, with brown or dark-ashy branches, spreading at about 50. Leaves 
 oblong or ovate-oblong, glabrous or sometimes with puberulous midrib beneath, sub-mem- 
 branous, dark above, paler and brownish beneath, rounded or slightly narrowed at base, 
 acuminate at apex, not black-punctate, nearly flat, veins delicately raised on both sides, or 
 sometimes slightly depressed on the upper surface, 2 6f in. in length by 1 3 in. in width ; 
 petioles \ | in. in length. 
 
 <?. Cymes panicled, bearing numerous flowers, pubescent with short lightish brown hairs, 
 \ to 1 in. in length (excluding the flowers) ; pedicels very short ; flowers small ; calyx -fa in. 
 in height, openly campanulate, with slight short pubescence outside, and 3 or 4 widely del- 
 toid lobes about half the depth of the calyx, ciliate ; corolla nearly glabrous, about ^ in. 
 long, 3 4-lobed, lobes short; stamens 14 16, mostly or all in pairs, inserted at base of 
 interior of corolla or hypogynous, glabrous, the interior ones the smaller, anthers about 
 equalling the longer filaments ; ovary rudimentary. 
 
 9 . Cymes dense, short, many-flowered, with thick pedicels, pubescent in flower, gla- 
 brescent in fruit ; bracteoles ovate, pubescent, caducous, ^ in. in length ; flower usually 
 trimerous, occasionally tetramerous, \ in. in length ; calyx pubescent in. in length, gla- 
 brescent, spreading, lobes -fa in. long, diverging, ovate, sides reflexed ; corolla pubescent, 
 lobes T V in. in length, oval, somewhat spreading ; staminodes 3 or 6, inserted at base of the 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 135 
 
 tube of. the corolla, j- in. in length, linear, glabrous ; styles 3, distant, glabrous, $ in. in length ; 
 ovary semi-ellipsoidal, glabrous except at base where there is a band of hairs, 6-celled, cells 
 1-ovuled. Fruit glabrous, smooth and shining, globular, about J f in. in diameter, some- 
 times 4-celled when young ; albumen of seeds not ruminated. 
 
 Flowers in January, fruits in February. 
 
 Mergui Archipelago, Griffith! (in fruit), Heifer/ 3618; Sumatra, Korthals!; Borneo, 
 0. Beccari! n. 1670; ?Java, Blume!, Kurl and Hasselt! 
 
 42. MABA FASCICULOSA, F. Muell. Fragm. v. p. 163 (1866). 
 
 M. foliis ovato-lanceolatis vel oblongis, apice angustatis vel acuminatis, obtusis, basi angus- 
 tatis, glabris, coriaceis, petiolatis; floribus masculis numerosis, dichotome cymosis, 3 4-meris, 
 staminibus 8 18, antheris glabris, filamentis scepe minute ciliatis ; floribus femineis 3 oo-nis, 
 3 4>-meris, staminodiis 4, ovario glabro, Q-loculari, loculis uni-ovulatis ; fructibus subglo- 
 bosis, glabris. 
 
 Benth. Fl. Austral. IV. p. 290. n. 5 (1869). 
 
 Diospyros fasciculosa, F. Muell. Austral. Veg. in Intercol. Exh. Ess. 1866 67, p. 35 (1867). 
 
 M. laanflora, Benth. I. c. n. 4. 
 
 A tall shrub or lofty tree, glabrous with terete branches spreading at about 45". Leaves 
 ovate-lanceolate oval or oblong, narrowed or acuminate at apex, obtuse, more or less narrowed 
 at base, minutely black-punctate beneath, 2 4 in. long by | If in. wide; petioles ^ | in. 
 long; midrib and veins more or less raised on both surfaces; margins somewhat recurved. 
 
 <J . Flowers numerous, 3 4-merous, ^ ^ in. long, in fascicled axillary cymes J \ in. 
 long exclusive of the flowers; pedicels slender, subglabrous; bracteoles small, ovate, slightly 
 pubescent, caducous. Calyx -fa in. long, with short lobes, somewhat pubescent outside, 
 glabrous inside. Corolla campanulate, 3 4-fid, glabrous or obsoletely pubescent, lobes rounded; 
 stamens 8 18, anthers glabrous, filaments often minutely ciliate ; ovary rudimentary, gla- 
 brous. 
 
 9 . Flowers 3 or many together, clustered, 3 4-merous ; cymes axillary short ; sta'mi- 
 nodes 4, glabrous; ovary shortly conical, glabrous, 6-celled with cells 1-ovuled, or 3-celled 
 with 2 ovules in each cell separated by an incomplete dissepiment ; style very short, 3-lobed 
 at apex. Fruit subglobose or shortly ellipsoidal, shining, of pale colour, -fa f in. long; fruiting 
 calyx 3 4-fid with spreading and reflexed deltoid lobes, tube cupuliform ; seeds 1 4, albu- 
 men not ruminated. 
 
 Called in New Caledonia Mddeso. 
 
 Australia, Buckingham, Dallachy!; Queensland Woods, Hill! 100; Brisbane River, 
 F. Mueller /; Rockhampton, O'Shanesyf, Thozet. 
 
 New Caledonia, Deplanchef 48, 206; Vieillard! 899. 
 
 43. MABA KUMINATA, sp. nov. 
 
 M. foliis anguste ellipticis, utnnqwe angustatis, glabris, coriaceis, petiolatis; floribus 
 femineis <x-nis, trimeris; fructibus subglobosis, glabris; calyce fructifero 3-fido, tube hemi- 
 sphcerico, lobis late ovatis, patentibus ; albumine seminum ruminato. 
 
136 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 Young parts and inflorescence puberulous ; branches somewhat cinereous. Leaves narrowly 
 elliptical, narrowed at both ends, glabrous, alternate, coriaceous, 3 5 in. long by 4 1^ in. 
 wide ; petioles \ J in. long ; margins recurved ; midrib slightly dilatato-depressed above ; 
 veins not conspicuous above, of same colour as lamina beneath. 
 
 ? . Cymes axillary, many-flowered, \ \ in. long, spreading ; pedicels -^ in. long, 
 puberulous ; fruiting calyx 3-fid, nearly | in. across, glabrous or very nearly so, tube hemi- 
 spherical ; lobes widely ovate, convex from above, spreading ; fruit about in. long, sub- 
 globose, glabrous, pale and shining; seeds with ruminated albumen. 
 
 New Caledonia, Deplanchef 311. 
 
 44. MABA CONFERTIFLORA, sp. nov. 
 
 M. foliis ovali-oblongis, apice obtuse vel emarginate acuminatis, gldbris, coriaceis ; floribus 
 masculis aggregates, brevissime cymosis, subsessilibus, trimeris, corolld urceolato-tubulosd ; sta- 
 minibus 12, geminatis, glabris; floribus femineis axillaribus, subsessilibus, aggregates, trimeris; 
 staminodiis 2 3, stylo apice 3-lobo, ovario glabro, 6 ?-loculari. 
 
 A small tree ; shoots subglabrous with scattered short appressed hairs, cinereous. Leaves 
 crowded, oval-oblong, obtusely or emarginately acuminate, coriaceous, glabrous except the 
 midrib beneath, shining, with depressed veins on the upper surface, somewhat paler beneath ; 
 lateral veins inconspicuous and weak; leaves 1J 3J in. long (including subglabrescent petiole 
 in. long) by $ 1| in. wide. Bracts shortly ovate. 
 
 (5 . Flowers many, crowded, on short slightly hairy cymes, subsessile, rufous ; calyx 
 small, trifid, with scattered short hairs, spreading; corolla urceolate-tubular, shortly trifid, 
 with 3 hairy lines down the middle lines of the lobes; stamens 12, united by their fila- 
 ments in 6 pairs, the inner ones being the shorter, glabrous; anthers dehiscing widely from 
 apex downwards ; ovary rudimentary, glabrous. 
 
 <J>. Flowers subsessile, crowded in axils of leaves, several abortive ; calyx sub-glabrescent, 
 coriaceous, spreading, 3-lobed ; corolla 3-fid ; staminodes 2 3 ; style 3-lobed at apex ; ovary 
 glabrous, 6 ?-celled, with a few hairs at base. 
 
 Labuan, Lobb!, Motley! 205. 
 
 45. MABA PTJNCTATA, sp. nov. 
 
 M*. foliis oblongis, apice breviter acuminatis vel apiculatis, basi subcordatis, coriaceis vel 
 submembranaceis, minute pellucido-punctatis, supra glabris nitidis, subtus secus nervos puberulis, 
 breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis dense cymosis, pubescentibus, trimeris, staminibus 9, glabris; 
 floribus femineis 3 <*3-nis, breviter cymosis, supra-axillaribus, trimeris; fructibus sub-globosis, 
 glabris, G-locularibus. 
 
 Diospyros punctata, Korthals, MSS. in Hb. Lugd. Batav. Ebenac. n. 15. 
 
 A small tree ; young parts, inflorescence, &c. softly ferruginous-pubescent ; shoots terete, 
 pubescent. Leaves oblong, alternate, coriaceous or submembranous, minutely pellucid-punc- 
 tate, subcordate at base, suddenly and sharply acuminate apiculate or mucronate at apex, 
 glabrous and shining above with depressed midrib and lateral veins; midrib and about 9 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 137 
 
 or 10 lateral veins on each side, puberulous, distinct and in relief beneath; lower surface 
 slightly and appressedly puberulous, with evanescent reddish pulverulence ; 3J 10J in. long 
 by 1J 3 1 in. wide; petioles Jin. long, thick, terete, pubescent; usually some depressed 
 glands are visible on the lower surface of the leaves especially at the base. 
 
 <$ . Inflorescence axillary, dense, many-flowered, short, -j^ | in. long (exclusive of the 
 flowers) ; bracts acute, numerous, hairy ; pedicels varying in length up to J in. ; flowers in. 
 long, white ; calyx J in. long, campanulate, shortly 3-fid, shortly pubescent outside, glabrous 
 inside, lobes deltoid ; corolla tubular, hypocrateriform, -fa in. wide, shortly 3-lobed, sericeous 
 outside, glabrous inside ; lobes acute, spreading, ^ m . long ; stamens glabrous, 9, hypogynous, 
 equal, 6 united by their filaments in 3 pairs of which the inner ones are the shorter, and 
 3 distinct ; anthers longer than the filaments, linear, acute ; ovary ; receptacle glabrous. 
 
 2 . Inflorescence supra-axillary ; cymes 3 many-flowered, | \ in. long (exclusive of the 
 flowers) ; bracts small acute caducous ; fruiting pedicels thickened upwards, ^ in. long ; 
 pericarp rather thick ; fruit ovoid f in. long by f in. thick, terminated by style ^ in. long 
 3-lobed at apex, glabrous (in diy state), subverrucose, shining, 6-celled, 6-seeded ; fruiting 
 calyx appressed to young fruit and sericeous, quite patent and nearly glabrate in older 
 fruit, not accrescent, J in. across, 3-fid with ovate or deltoid lobes. 
 
 Borneo, Foot of Gunong Pautie on Serpentine Rocks. Mr Motley I n. 766 ; Korthals f, 
 Beccari! n. 1423. 
 
 PLATE IV. A fruiting branch, natural size. a. A piece of a male branch in flower, 
 natural size. b. A piece of a female branch, natural size. c. A fruit, natural size. 
 
 46. MABA TEIJSMANNI. 
 
 M. arborea, hermaphrodita (?), foliis subdistichis, ovalibus vel oblongis, apice breviter acu- 
 minatis, basi angustatis vel obtusis, glabris, breviter petiolatis ; floribus cymosis, 5 9-nis, 
 3 4<-meris, urceolatis, staminibus 3 4, basi corollce insertis, ovario ovoideo glabro Q-loculari ; 
 fructibus coriaceis, calyce aucto reflexo. 
 
 Rhipidostigma Teijsmanni, Hassk. Retz. I. p. 106 (1855). 
 
 A tree with erect-patent cinereous asperulous branches and terete glabrous or minutely 
 gland ular-ciliate shoots whose bark is often somewhat chartaceous ; hermaphrodite (?). Leaves 
 subdistichous, oval or oblong, cuspidate or shortly acuminate at apex, narrowed or obtuse at 
 base, 2 4 in. long by 1 2 in. wide, glabrous ; midrib and veins slenderly depressed on 
 the upper surface ; petioles \ J in. long. Cymes axillary, \ J in. long, 5 9-flowered, puber- 
 ulous ; calyx 3 4- lobed, glabrous, lobes ^ \ in. long, ovate, with reflexed margins, spreading ; 
 corolla urceolate, shortly lobed, | in. high, \ in. wide, slightly hairy outside ; stamens 
 3 4 ) inserted at base of the corolla; ovary ovoid, 6-celled, glabrous, surrounded at base by 
 a ring of hairs. Fruit smooth, f in. long by \ in. thick, pericarp coriaceous, flesh slightly 
 glutinous ; seeds | in. long or more, \ in. thick, albumen cartilaginous. 
 
 Java, Teijsmann!, flowers in April; Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 1822. 
 
 47. MABA HERMAPHRODITICA, ZolL Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. p. 135 (1854). 
 M. arborea, hermaphrodita (?), foliis alternis, sparsis, oblongo-lanceolatis, utrinque attenua- 
 tis, subcoriaceis, glabris, breviter petiolatis; floribus breviter cymosis, 3 6-nis, 3 4>-meris, 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 18 
 
138 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 urceolatis, staminibus 3 4, basi corollce insertis, ovario glabro, 6-loculari ; fructibus obovato- 
 ellipsoideis vel oblongo-ovoideis. 
 
 Rhipidostigma Zollingeri, Hassk. Retz. I. p. 104 (1855). 
 
 Hermaphrodite (?) ; glabrous except the inflorescence ; a moderate-sized tree with erect- 
 patent, terete, cinereous-white, punctately asperulous branches and green glabrescent shoots; 
 bark of shoots papery. Petioles in. long ; leaves subcoriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, attenuate 
 at both ends, sometimes acuminate at apex, 1J 3 in. long, f 1| in. wide, with subreflexed 
 margins. Cymes short, \ J in. long, pedicelled, usually 3-flowered, sometimes 4 6-flowered ; 
 bracts very short, ovate, acute, at the base of the pedicels, green, deciduous ; pedicels terete, 
 -j^ J in. long, green, glabrous. Calyx fleshy, green, 3 4-partite ; tube very short, cupuli- 
 form, scarcely ^ in. high ; lobes ovate, acute, -^ in. long, \ in. wide at the base, with reflexed 
 margins. Corolla urceolate, white, ^ in. high ; tube subglobose ; lobes 3 4, patent, ovate, 
 shorter than the tube. Stamens 3 4, inserted at base of corolla and included, abortive (?). 
 Ovary depresso-globose, glabrous but with a ring of hairs at base, 6-celled, cells 1-ovuled ; 
 styles 2 or 3, bifid at apex, glabrous. Fruit obovate-ellipsoidal or oblong-ovoid, ? in. long, 
 in. thick, 1-celled, 1-seeded. Flowers in April. 
 
 Java, Z oiling er ! 3467. Local name Ki Kbning Kajoe. 
 
 The next following species is very imperfectly known ; it was described by Zollinger 
 from a drawing of Kuhl and Van Hasselt in the botanical garden at Buitenzorg. 
 
 48. M.ABA JAVANICA, Zoll. obs. hot. nov. p. 14 in Natuurk. tydschr. Neerl. Ind. 
 
 Vol. xiv. (1857). 
 
 M. foliis ellipticis utrinque breviter acuminatis c/labris vix lucidis, floribus subsessilibus, 
 confertis, calycis lobis margine revolutis acutis, baccis breviter pedunculatis oUongis, stylorum 
 vestigiis mucronatis. 
 
 Java, Zollinger. 
 
 49. MABA MAINGAYI, sp. nov. 
 
 M. monoeca (?), foliis obovato-ovalibus, apice rotundis emarginatis vel brevissime acuminatis, 
 obtusis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, subglabrescentibus, petiolatis ; cymis 3 o-floris, breviter pubes- 
 centibus, floribus 4 3-meris, calyce campanulato, lobis rotundatis valde contorte imbricatis, 
 staminibus 20 22, in fl. fern. 8 ? ; ovario glabro, fusiformi, 3-locularibus ; loculis 2-ovulatis ; 
 fructibus oblongis, seminibus solitariis, albumine ruminato. 
 
 A tree, monoecious according to Dr Maingay; young branches rufous-puberulous, after- 
 wards softly subglabrescent, blackish, terete. Leaves obovate-oval, rounded emargiuate or 
 very shortly and obtusely acuminate at apex, cuneate at base, coriaceous, alternate, 
 puberulous when young, subglabrescent, 2 4 in. long by 1 2| in. wide ; petioles ^j -fa in. 
 long, dark, puberulous when young, subglabrescent. 
 
 (J. Stamens 20 22; filaments very short or wanting, arising from the receptacle; 
 anthers very long, linear-lanceolate ; calyx deeply 4 3-lobed ; limb of corolla 4 3-lobed ; 
 ovary 0. 
 
 ?. Cymes 3 5 -flowered, ferruginously and shortly pubescent, about in. long; flowers 
 mostly on long stout pedicels nearly in. long, suberect, | in. long or more. Calyx -' in. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 139 
 
 long by in. wide, openly campanulate, ferruginously and shortly pubescent outside, glabrous 
 inside, 3- fid but apparently subtruncate by the close contorted imbrication of the rounded 
 lobes. Corolla somewhat salver-shaped, with inflated tube, glabrous, deeply 4 3-fid, with 
 spreading oblong obtuse lobes, much imbricated in bud. Staminodes 8 (?), glabrous, small 
 (in the bud), equal, inserted at base of corolla, in one row. Ovary glabrous, spindleshaped, 
 about T 3j in. long by scarcely -^ in. thick (in the bud) ; style very short ; stigma 3-lobed ; 
 ovary 3-celled with 2 pendulous ovules in each cell at lower end of the ovary. Fruit 
 1 -seeded, 1J 2 in. in length by about 1 in. thick, oblong, narrowed at base; testa crusta- 
 ceous, intruded deeply in about 15 planes into the albumen which is therefore ruminated; 
 pericarp about ^ in. thick, dark and somewhat rugose outside. Fruiting calyx not accres- 
 cent ; tube stuffed ; lobes patent. 
 
 Malacca, Maingay ! 976, Oct. 25, 1867; Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 1550. 
 
 50. MABA MOTLEYI, sp. nov. 
 
 M. foliis ellipticis vel oblongis, apice rotundatis, basi angustatis, glabris, coriaceis, breviter 
 petiolatis ; foribus subsolitariis, tetrameris, pedunculis glabris ; calycis lobis rotundatis, emargi- 
 natis, valde imbricatis ; staminibus 25, glabris, receptaculo insertis; in flore femineo staminodiis 
 16, ovario ovoideo-conico, glabro, 3-loculari, loculis biovulatis ; fructibus oblongis, glabris, 
 I-spermis, calyce fructifero parvo, patente ; seminibus teretibus, albumine ruminate. 
 
 A tall slender tree, glabrous except the extremities and inflorescence where there is 
 a weak ferruginous or whitish pubescence ; branches spreading at 45 55. Leaves alter- 
 nate, elliptical or oblong, coriaceous, glabrous, rounded at apex, slightly narrowed at base, 
 2 3 \ in. long by 2 in. wide, petiole -^ f in. long ; midrib depressed above, lateral veins 
 rather close, inconspicuous. Flowers yellow, subsolitary on short glabrous peduncles -^ \ in. 
 long, tetramerous. 
 
 $ . Corolla J in. long, funnel-shaped, deeply 4-fid with spreading lobes, glabrous ; 
 stamens 25, mostly equal, inserted on the receptacle, free, with very short filaments; anthers 
 linear, glabrous. 
 
 $. Flowers f in. long. Calyx \ ^ in. long, with scattered short weak hairs, 4-fid ; 
 with rounded emarginate much imbricated lobes, giving the calyx the appearance of being 
 truncate. Staminodes 16 or more, glabrous; style 4?-lobed at apex; ovary ovoid-conical, 
 glabrous, 3-celled, cells bi-ovuled. Fruit oblong, glabrous, f in. long by in. thick, 1-seeded. 
 Fruit-calyx small, 4-fid, \ in. across, loose or spreading ; seed \ in. long, nearly terete, \ in. 
 thick ; albumen ruminated. 
 
 Borneo, Bangarmassing, Mr J. Motley ! n. 721 ; Labuan, Mr Barber ! n. 167, common on 
 sandy soil near the barracks. 
 
 51. MABA MYRMECOCALYX, sp. nov. 
 
 M. qlabra, foliis ellipticis, alternis, apice breviter et obtuse acuminatis, basi obtusis vel subro- 
 tundis, coriaceis, nitentibus, petiolatis; fructibus solitariis, axillaribus vel lateralibus, breviter 
 pedunculatis, ellipsoideis, nitentibus, apice obsolete pubescentibus, calyce fructifero hemisphcerico, 
 breviter 4:-lobo, coriaceo, verrucoso, glabro. 
 
 182 
 
140 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Glabrous. Leaves alternate, elliptical or sometimes somewhat ovate, shortly and obtusely 
 acuminate, obtusely narrowed or nearly rounded at base, coriaceous, shining and brown (in 
 dried state) on both sides, 2 4J in. long by 1^ 2f in. wide ; petioles | in. long ; veins 
 inconspicuous. Fruit solitary, on the young branches, axillary or lateral, ellipsoidal, shining, 
 smooth, obsoletely pubescent at apex, 1 1| in. long by f 1 in. thick, 5-seeded, cells im- 
 perfect ; peduncle thickened upwards, in. long, somewhat verrucose, glabrous ; calyx cup- 
 shaped, verrucose, about 1 in. across, shallowly 4-lobed, half as high as the fruit ; seeds 
 oblong, | in. long. 
 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 3568. 
 
 52. MABA BECCARII, sp, nov. 
 
 M. foliis elliptico-dblongis vel ovalibus, apice breviter et obtuse acuminatis, basi rotundatis, 
 coriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus breviter pedunculatis, solitaries vel aliquando bint's ; calyce 
 4-fido, truncato, lobis rotundatis, arete imbricatis, sinistrorse contortis ; fructu immature pubes- 
 cente, S-loculari(f), apice conico ; stylo brevi, apice 3-lobo. 
 
 Young shoots ferruginous, shortly tomentose; branches puberulous, spreading at about 
 55. Leaves alternate, elliptic-oblong or oval, shortly and obtusely acuminate at apex, rounded 
 at base, coriaceous, quickly glabrate except the shortly tomentose and strong midrib beneath ; 
 veins indistinct ; | 2 in. long by f 1 in. wide ; petioles in. long, rather stout, shortly 
 pubescent. 
 
 Known only after the fall of the corolla. Flowers shortly pedunculate, solitary or occa- 
 sionally 2 together ; peduncles ^ in. long. Calyx campanulate, in. long by in. thick, 
 shortly pubescent with rufous hairs, 4-fid, apparently truncate by closely contorted imbrica- 
 tion of the rounded lobes ; ovary (or young fruit) rufous with short hairs, conical above, 
 exceeding the calyx, 3-celled (?) ; style short, 3-lobed at apex. 
 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 1948. 
 
 53. MABA SERICEA. 
 
 M. foliis lanceolatis, disticJiis, apice acuminatis, basi angustatis, coriaceis, supra nervo ex- 
 cepto glaberrimis, subtus dense pubescentibus, pilis appressis flams sericeis, breviter petiolatis; 
 floribus polygamis (?), subsessilibus, pJerumque pentameris, calyce campanulato, corolla 5-fldd, 
 staminibus 50 60 vel in fl. hermapkrod. circiter 32, Jiispidis ; ovario 6-loculari, sericeo, loculis 
 \-ovulatis ; fructibus flavo-pubescentibus, Q-locularibus. 
 
 Diospyros sericea, Alph. DC. Prodr. vill. p. 236. n. 67 (1844), Miq. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vil. 
 Eben. p. 3. n. 1. t. 1. f. 2 (1856). 
 
 A polygamous (?) small leafy tree, 15 feet high, with patulous horizontal ramification and 
 the leaves arranged in a pinnate manner ; shoots navo-pubescent. Leaves alternate, lanceolate, 
 somewhat narrowed at base, distichous, patent, coriaceous, dark shining and glabrous except 
 along depressed midrib above, densely flavo-sericeous beneath ; with lateral veins not con- 
 spicuous ; 1 3 in. long by | 1 in. wide ; petioles ^ f in. long, pubescent. Bracts lanceo- 
 late, fulvo-pubescent ; flowers usually pentamerous. 
 
 <J. Flowers 1 3 or more together, subsessile, axillary, tawny-hairy, T ^ in. long. Calyx 
 
ME HIEBJSr, ON EBENACE^E. 141 
 
 campanulate, T 3 7 in. long, hairy on both sides, with 5 deltoid lobes J length of calyx. 
 Corolla 5-fid, with ovate-oblong lobes, glabrous within. Stamens 50 60, with linear slender 
 hispid-pilose anthers and short filaments combined at the base, inserted at base of corolla ; 
 ovary rudimentary. 
 
 Hermaphrodite flowers solitary, on peduncles ^ in. long ; calyx 4 5-fid, with ovate lobes ; 
 corolla 4 5-fid ; stamens about 32, perfect (?), not all in one row, somewhat silky, linear ; 
 inserted at base of corolla. Ovary 6-celled, 6-ovuled, silky, ovate-conical. Styles 3, emarginate, 
 imbricated. Fruit subsessile, ellipsoidal, suddenly conical at apex, flavo-pubescent with 
 longer hairs interspersed, about 1 in. long by | in. thick, fleshy, 6-celled ; fruiting peduncles 
 thickened upwards with wide articulation at apex ; fruiting calyx | in. long, with 4 or 5 
 lanceolate lobes J in. long, lying close to fruit or spreading, tomentose inside ; seeds solitary, 
 elongated, fusiform ; embryo twice the length of the albumen. 
 
 Brazil, Minas Geraes, Claussen ! 67, 464, 1062 (fruit glabrate, globular -fa in. in dia- 
 meter, drupaceous, 1 -celled) ; Martins!; Goydz, along the Caminho da Carreira, Burchelll 
 6970, 6986 2 ; called in Brazil " Culhoens de Macato," Burchell ; near Bahia, Blanchet 3358 
 ex Miq. in Mart. I. c. 
 
 54. MABA(?) COEDATA, sp. nov. 
 
 M. ramulis piloso-hispidis ; foliis dblongis, apice acuminatis, basi supra-cordatis, submem- 
 branaceis, supra subglabris, subtus secus costam nervos et margines piloso-hispidis, breviter 
 petiolatis ; floribus femineis subsessilibus, 1 2-nis, fructibus immaturis basi globosis, apice ab- 
 rupte et longe conicis, dense pilosis, 6-locularibus ; loculis I-spermis (-ovulatis) ; stylo 3-lobo; 
 calyce 4 5-partito, extus pubescente, lobis lanceolatis patentibus. 
 
 Shoots, midrib, lateral veins below, and margins- of leaves pilose-hispid with tawny hairs ; 
 branches terete ; leaves alternate, oblong, acuminate, deeply cordate, submembranous, nearly 
 glabrous and yellowish green above with inconspicuous slightly-depressed veins, paler beneath 
 with clearly marked tawny veins, 4 8 in. long by l^ 2^ in. wide ; petioles \ in. long, 
 
 ? . Flowers subsessile, axillary, 1 or 2 together ; young fruit with globular base and 
 long suddenly conical apex terminating in 3-lobed style, together | in. long by in. thick, 
 densely fulvo-pilose, 6-celled, cells 1-ovuled (-seeded) ; fruiting calyx pubescent outside, gla- 
 brous inside, 4 5-partite ; lobes lanceolate, acute, \ in. long, spreading, subcoriaceous. 
 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 1429. 
 
 55. MABA MYRMECOCARPA. 
 
 M. foliis oblongis, apice acutis vel breviter acuminatis, basi angustatis, nervo excepto gla- 
 brescentibus, submenlbranaceis, breviter petiolatis; fructibus aonllaribus, solitariis, subsessilibus, 
 ovoideis, dense ferrugineo-hispidis, 6-locularibus ; calyce fructifero 3-partito, utrinque fusco- 
 sericeo, lobis acutis. 
 
 Diospyros (?) myrmecocarpus, Mart, in Fl. Bras. vii. Eben. p. 7 (1856). 
 Tree ; shoots with spreading ferruginous hispid hairs, dull, glabrescent, terete. Leaves 
 rather thickly membranous, narrowly oblong, 47 in. long by 1 2 in. wide, contracted at 
 
142 MR HIEBJST, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 the base, acute or shortly acuminate at the apex (covered in the dried state, especially 
 beneath, with small warts) ; midrib on both sides fusculo-strigillose ; lateral veins 8 15, 
 uniting within the margin, and somewhat sunk above, with scattered hairs ; leaves at length 
 glabrescent except the midrib ; petioles about ^ in. long ; flowers unknown. 
 
 Young fruit axillary, solitary, subsessile, ovoid, somewhat pointed at apex, scarcely 1 in. 
 long by in. thick ; calyx 3-partite, fusco-sericeous on both sides, f in. high, 1 in. across ; 
 lobes lanceolate acute ; young fruit 6-celled, with dense ferruginous hairs arising from small 
 rough warts, containing 6 young seeds. 
 
 Equatorial Brazil, Province Rio Negro, found in thick damp woods by river Japura, near 
 Manacaru, in January, Martins ! 
 
 56. MABA MYRISTICOIDES. 
 
 M. foliis ovali-oblongis, apice acutis acuminatis, basi angustatis, tenuiter coriaceis, sub- 
 glabrescentibus, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis aggregates, sessilibus, axillaribus, pubescen- 
 tibus, scepissime trimeris rarius pentameris, staminibus 12 in floribus trimeris, circiter 30 in 
 floribus pentameris, antheris linearibus sericeis, filamentis brevibus glabris. 
 
 Macreightia myristicoides, Spruce MSS. 
 
 A small tree 3 7ft. high; young parts subferruginous-hairy; branches 3 together, long, 
 subsimple, brown, with appressed hairs. Leaves oval-oblong, somewhat narrowed at base, 
 acuminate and acute at apex, alternate, thinly coriaceous, midrib depressed above, 3 7 in. 
 long by 1 2 in. wide, with appressed scattered brown hairs especially beneath, subglabres- 
 cent ; petioles | in. long, with scattered spreading hairs. 
 
 $. Flowers numerous, crowded in sessile axillary clusters, about f in- long or penta- 
 merous flowers in. long, covered with ferruginous straight hair, mostly trimerous, very rarely 
 pentamerous; calyx campanulate, 3-fid with deltoid acute lobes (very rarely 5-fid); corolla 
 white with ferruginous hairs; stamens 12 in trimerous flowers (about 30 in pentamerous 
 flowers), anthers linear, with long straight silky hairs, filaments combined, short, glabrous ; 
 ovary 0. 
 
 N.W. Brazil, Near Panure by Rio Uaupe's, Spruce! 2542, October. 
 
 57. MABA(?) CAULIFLORA. 
 
 M. foliis ovali-oblongis, apice acuminatis vel breviter cuspidatis, basi rotundatis vel parum 
 angustatis, submembranaceis, subglabrescentibus, breviter petiolatis ; floribus femineis sessilibus, late- 
 ralibus, secus caules aggregatis, pentameris, pubescentibus, calyce 5-partito, corolla 5-partitd, 
 lobis oblongo-lanceolatis, staminodiis 10 14, geminatis, pilosis, stylo trifido, ovario rigide 
 piloso, 6 (f)-loculari. 
 
 Diospyros cauliflora, Mart, in Fl. Bras. vil. Eben. p. 7 (1856), non Blume. 
 
 A small tree; trunk sub-simple; branches crowded at the extremity, slender, terete, 
 pubescent with brown appressed hairs, glabrescent. Leaves submembranous, oval-oblong, 
 acuminate or shortly cuspidate, rounded or slightly narrowed at base, shining, with a few 
 scattered appressed hairs and prominent veins beneath, subglabrescent, glabrous above with 
 depressed veins, alternate, 3 9 in. long by If 3 in. wide ; petioles i ^ in. long, pubescent. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^.: 143 
 
 9 . Flowers sessile, in groups on the stem, -^ in. high ; calyx 5-partite, coriaceous, 
 cup-shaped, appressedly hairy outside, lobes obtuse ; corolla 5-partite, strigillose outside, coria- 
 ceous, lobes oblong-lanceolate, somewhat spreading ; staminodes 10 14, inserted at base of 
 corolla, united by their filaments in 5 7 pairs, the inner ones being the shorter ; barren 
 anthers covered with long rigid pilose hairs ; style 3-fid, half concealed by hairs of ovary, 
 hairy; stigmas bifid at apex. Ovary, with long rigid pilose hairs, (8-celled ex Fl. Brasil. 
 I.e.) 6?-celled. 
 
 Surinam, by river Marowyne, Wullschldgel ; Cayenne, Martin! 
 
 58. MABA HILAIKEI, sp. nov. 
 
 M. foliis oblongis, utrinque angustatis, apice acuminatis, costd et margine exceptis gla- 
 brescentibus, coriaceis, petiolatis, floribus femineis 3 7-nis, breviter pedicellatis, fulvo-sericeis, 
 pentameris, calyce campanulato profunde o-fido, corolld profunde 5-lobd, lobis patentibus, 
 staminodiis 11 13, leviter pilosis, corollas basi insertis, stylis 3, ovario dense ferrugineo-piloso, 
 6-loculari. 
 
 Young parts pubescent; branches terete. Leaves oblong, narrowed at both ends, acumi- 
 nate at apex, glabrescent except midrib and margins beneath which are fulvo-puberulous ; coria- 
 ceous, alternate, of dark slate colour above, reddish dull-brown beneath, with two rows of 
 depressed glands not far from the midrib on each side, veins rather distant not conspi- 
 cuous, midrib depressed above, 3 4 in. long by 1 1^ in. wide; petioles 5 in. long, some- 
 what twisted. 
 
 ? . Inflorescence fulvo-sericeous, 3 7-flowered, \ \ in. long, bracts, ovate, small ; 
 peduncle almost obsolete, pedicels -j^ \ in. long ; flowers pentamerous, | in. long ; calyx 
 \ in. long, campanulate, deeply 5-fid, lobes lanceolate or ovate pubescent on both sides ; 
 corolla deeply 5-lobed, stellate, lobes spreading, fulvo-pubescent along middle outside, glabrous 
 inside, contorted in aestivation; staminodes 11 13, somewhat pilose, inserted at the base of 
 the corolla. Ovary densely ferruginous-pilose, globose, flattened at top ; terminated by 3 
 distinct styles pubescent below, \ in. long, diverging in full flower, glabrous and lobed at 
 apex ; ovary 6-celIed, cells 1-ovuled. 
 
 Brazil, Province of Espiritu Santo, A. St Hilaire! 18161821, n. 375. 
 
 59. MABA MELLINONI, sp. nov. 
 
 M. foliis ellipticis, apice acuminatis, basi angustatis, supra nervo excepto glabris, subtus 
 pallidioribus sparsis pilis appressis, petiolatis; jloribus femineis sub-3-nis, breviter cymosis, 
 5 Q-meris, pedicellis brevissimis, calyce campanulato 5 6-fido, utrinque pubescente, lobis 
 deltoideis, corolld 5 Q-partitd, staminodiis 25 30, minutis, uniserialibus, corollce basi insertis, 
 subglabris, ovario dense rufo-piloso, 6-loculari, stylis 3. 
 
 Young parts pubescent. Leaves alternate, elliptical, acuminate at apex, narrowed at 
 base, about 2J in. long by in. wide, of dark slate green colour above and glabrous except 
 deprpssed midrib, paler beneath and appressedly pubescent on midrib and with scattered 
 appressed hairs on the lamina ; margins recurved ; petioles ^ in. long. 
 
 5 . Flowers about 3 together, in short axillary cymes, 5 6-merous, J in. long by -j^ in. 
 
144 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 wide ; pedicels very short ; calyx in. long, campanulate, pubescent on both sides, especially 
 inside, 5 6-fid, lobes deltoid ; corolla (not expanded) glabrous except 5 6 pubescent lines 
 in lower part, 5 6-partite ; lobes elliptical, probably spreading in full flower ; staminodes 
 25 30, very small, subequal, inserted in one row at base of corolla, nearly glabrous; ovary 
 densely rufous-pilose, subglobose, flattish at top, 6-celled, 6-ovuled, surmounted by 3 erect 
 contiguous styles which are pubescent at base and acutely bilobed at apex. 
 S. America, French Guiana, Maroni, Mellinon! 
 
 IV. DIOSPYROS, Dalech. Hist. Lib. in. cap. xxi. p. 349 (1587). 
 
 Flares diced, rarius monceci vel polygami, 3 7-, scepius 4 5-meri, cyrnosi. Calyx lobatus 
 vel rarius truncatus, in fructu scepe accrescens. Corolla lobata; lobis obtusis vel rarius acutis, 
 in prceftoratione sinistrorse contortis. 
 
 FLOS MASCULUS: stamina 4 oo, scepius circiter 16 et biserialibus ; ovarium plerumque 
 abortivum. 
 
 FLOS FEMINEUS : staminodia scepius 4 8, interdwn ; ovarium 4 16-, rarissime 6-, 
 nunquam 3-loculare. 
 
 Arbores vel frutices, foliis alternis vel rarius suboppositis nunquam verticillatis, cymis 
 axillaribus vel rarius secus ramos vetustiores lateralibus, iaterdum unifloris. 
 
 Linn. Gen. Plant, pp. 143, 383. n. 403 (1737), Alph. DC. Prodr. p. 222. n. VI. (1844), 
 Agardh. Theor. Syst. Plant, t. X. figs. 11, 12 (1858). Cfr. Cesalp. De Plantis, lib. II. cap. LII. 
 p. 86 (1583). 
 
 Ermellinus, Cesalp. De Plantis, lib. ill. cap. XXI. p. 104 (1583). 
 Pseudolotus, Gamer. Epit. p. 156 (1586). 
 Lotus (sp.), Gamer. Epit. p. 157 (1586), non Linn. 
 LIGNUM VITJ3, Gerarde Herball, p. 1309 (1597), non auct. al. 
 Guaiacum (sp.), Gerarde Herball, p. 1310 (1597). 
 Pishamin, Parkins. Theatr. Bot. p. 1523. f. 4 (1640). 
 Guaiacana, Tourn. Inst. rei Herb. p. 600. t. 371 (1700). 
 Ficus (sp.), Ksempf. Amoenit. Exot. p. 805 (1712). 
 Hebenaster, Rumph. vol. III. (lib. iv.) p. 15. t. 6 (1750). 
 Paralea, Aubl. Plant. Guin. vol. I. p. 576. t. 231 (1775). 
 Dactylus, Forsk. Fl. Mgypt. Arab. p. xxxvi. n. 481 (1775). 
 
 Embryopteris, Gaertn. De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum, vol. I. p. 145. t. 29 (1788). 
 Ebenus, Commers. ex Jussieu Gen. PI. p. 156 (1789), non Linn. 
 Cavanillea, Desrouss. in Encycl. Me"th. in. p. 663 (1789), non auct. al. 
 Garcinia (sp.), Desrouss. in Encycl. Me"th. in. p. 701 (1789), non Linn. 
 (?) Euclea (sp.), Lour. Fl. Cochinch. p. 629 (1790). 
 
 Annona (sp.), Jacq. Fragm. Bot. p. 40. t. 44. f. 7 (18009). 
 Cargillia, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 526 (1810). 
 Monodora (sp.), Dunal, Monogr. Anon. p. 80 (1817). 
 Leucoxylum, Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. p. 1169 (1826). 
 Noltia, Schum. Plant. Guin. p. 189 (1827). 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 145 
 
 Guatteria (sp.), Wall List. n. 7295 (182832). 
 
 Sapota (sp.), Blanco, Fl. Filip. p. 409 (1837). 
 
 Patonia (sp.), Wight, Illustr. I. p. 19 (1840). 
 
 Gunisanthus, Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 219. n. 3. (1844). 
 
 Eospidios, Alph. DC. I. c. p. 220. n. 4. 
 
 Danzleria, Bert, ex Alph. DC. I. c. p. 224. n. 8. 
 
 Vaccinium (sp.), Wall, ex Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. p. 345 (1845). 
 
 Flowers dioecious or rarely polygamous, very rarely monoscious and then casually so ; 
 inflorescence usually short, cyinose, axillary on the young branches, or occasionally arising 
 from the old wood and lateral, more or less pubescent or tomentose, bracteate, 1- few- or 
 many-flowered. Calyx 3 7-lobed, usually 4 5-fid, rarely truncate or obscurely lobed at apex, 
 usually pubescent outside, often accrescent in fruit ; in D. Toposia, Hamilt., closed in bud 
 and afterwards irregularly broken. Corolla urceolate campanulate tubular or salver-shaped, 
 usually pubescent outside at least along the middle line of the lobes and with 3 7 usually 
 4 5 spreading or recurved, rarely erect, obtuse or occasionally acute lobes ; usually con- 
 tracted at the throat, that is, at the top of the tube ; lobes sinistrorsely (as regarded from 
 inside) contorted in bud ; in D. oocarpa, Thw., irregularly imbricated ; never valvate. Stamens 
 in $ flowers 4 oo usually about 16 and more or less united by their filaments in pairs or 
 otherwise, sometimes altogether separate, glabrous or hairy, inserted at the base of the 
 corolla or hypogynous or very rarely about middle of corolla; when in pairs one stamen is 
 placed in front of the other, the interior one being usually shorter than the exterior, some- 
 times equal; anthers oblong linear or lanceolate, never globose nor squarish, often apiculate 
 at the apex by projecting connective, 2-celled ; dehiscing laterally by longitudinal slits or 
 rarely by apical pores ; pollen widely ellipsoidal or globose ; filaments usually shorter than 
 the anthers and slender, sometimes almost obsolete, occasionally geniculate. In $ flowers 
 staminodes usually present and fewer than the stamens in the $ . Styles 1 4, or obsolete; 
 stigma emarginate or punctiform. Ovary in & flowers rudimentary or absent; in $ hairy or 
 glabrous, ovoid conical or globose (in D. Diepenhorstii "stipitato constricted at base"), 4 
 16-celled, usually 8-celled; ovules solitary in the cells, or in the section Cargillia 2 together. 
 Fruit usually globose oblong or conical, glabrous glabrate pubescent hispid or tomentose, 
 often about 1 in. in diameter, but varying from J in. to about 4 inches, often pulpy and 
 edible, with thin or thick skin, containing 1 10 seeds; seeds usually oblong with dark more or 
 less shining testa. Albumen cartilaginous, white and equable or in some species more or 
 less ruminated by sinuous intrusion of the testa; embryo as in the family. Fruiting calyx 
 often accrescent with the lobes erect spreading or reflexed and frequently dilated at the base, 
 sometimes plicate, coriaceous or foliaceous. 
 
 The name is derived from feu?, Sio? Jupiter, and -rrvpo<s grain, with reference to the pre- 
 sumed life-giving properties of the fruit ; but the allusion is by no means obvious. 
 
 VOL. XII. PAST I. 19 
 
146 
 
 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 DIOSPYROS. 
 
 KEY TO THE SECTIONS AND SPECIES. 
 
 Seeds with ruminated albumen ; leaves in some species opposite. I. MELONIA. 
 
 Albumen of seeds not ruminated ; leaves always alternate. 
 
 Ualyx truncate and entire or very shortly lobed ; stamens glabrous. II. EBENUS. 
 Calyx distinctly lobed, or stamens more or less hairy. 
 
 Fruit conical ; ovary usually 4-celled, cells 1-ovuled. III. NOLTIA. 
 
 Fruit globular, ovoid, obovoid or oblong ; ovary 4 16-celled, cells 1 2-ovuled. 
 Pedicels long or cymes lax; stamens 8 21. 
 
 9 flowers solitary or on distinct peduncles. IV. GUNISANTHUS. 
 
 ? flowers cymose. V. GUAIACANA. 
 
 Pedicels short or cymes dense, or stamens very numerous. 
 
 Stamens all or half of them inserted about middle of corolla. VI. CuNALONlA. 
 Stamens inserted on the receptacle or at base of corolla. 
 
 Corolla tubular, often salver-shaped ; stamens 432, when numerous usually 
 unequal. 
 
 Stamens quite glabrous. VII. ERMELLINUS. 
 
 Stamens more or less hairy. VIII. PATONIA. 
 
 Corolla urceolate or campanulate ; stamens 8 22, usually unequal 
 Ovary 4 16-celled, cells 1-ovuled. 
 
 Anthers dehiscing laterally by apical pores. IX. LEUCOXYLUM. 
 Anthers dehiscing laterally by longitudinal slits. 
 
 Ovary glabrous (except apex). X. DANZLERIA. 
 
 Ovary hairy. XI. PARALEA. 
 
 Ovary 4-celled, cells 2-ovuled. XII. CARGILLIA. 
 
 Corolla deeply lobed, subrotate ; stamens 15 50, subequal. XIII. Rospimos. 
 
 Corolla egg-shaped or oblong, shortly lobed ; stamens nu- 
 merous, subequal. XIV. CAVANILLEA. 
 
 Calyx closed with connate lobes in bud, afterwards bursting irregu- 
 larly. XV. AMUXIS. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 147 
 
 I. MELONIA. 
 
 Leaves opposite or subopposite, or frequently so. 
 Leaves deeply cordate at base ; fruit pyriform. 
 
 1. D. calophylla. 
 fruit globular or ellipsoidal. 
 
 2. D. insignia. 
 
 3. D. oppositifolia. 
 
 4. D. Tupru. 
 
 5. D. melanoxylon. 
 
 Leaves rounded or narrowed not cordate at base : 
 flowers subsessile; 9 flowers sessile. 
 Stamens 14 20 ; petioles J in. long. 
 Stamens about 8 ; petioles -j^ in. long. 
 
 <J flowers in short cymes; 9 flowers subsessile or pedunculate. 
 
 Leaves rounded or obtuse at base ; staminodes 6. 
 Leaves narrowed at base; staminodes 8 or 10. 
 Leaves all alternate. 
 
 Fruiting calyx not much plicate ; tube without internal elevated rim at top. 
 Fruit terete, smooth. 
 
 Flowers shortly urceolate or subglobose. 
 
 Leaves of nearly the same colour on both surfaces. 
 
 Leaves pubescent; staminodes 10. 
 Leaves glabrescent; staminodes 4. 
 
 9 flowers solitary; ovary 8 6-celled. 
 
 9 flowers about 3 together; ovary 4-celled. 
 
 Leaves of different colours on the two surfaces. 
 
 Stamens about 22 ; leaves elliptical. 
 Stamens 14 16 ; leaves oval-oblong. 
 
 Flowers tubular or urceolate-oblong. 
 
 Leaves without conspicuous lateral veins ; flowers axillary. 
 Leaves glabrous or quickly glabrescent. 
 
 Leaves usually elliptical; flowers subsessile. 11. D. hirauta. 
 
 Leaves usually oval-oblong ; flowers in short cymes. 12. D. mespiliformis. 
 
 Leaves more or less tomentose, especially beneath. 13. D. burmanica. 
 
 Leaves with clearly marked lateral veins; flowers lateral 
 
 and axillary. 14. D. lateralis. 
 
 Fruit somewhat tetragonal, verrucose. 15. D. verrucosa. 
 
 Fruiting calyx not plicate; tube with internal elevated rim at top. 16. D. Korthalsiana. 
 Fruiting calyx much plicate ; tube without internal elevated rim at top. 
 
 9 flowers solitary. 
 
 9 calyx-lobes acuminate ; ovary 4 6-celled. 17. D. ajjmis. 
 
 9 calyx-lobes obtuse or rounded and apiculate; ovary 8 -celled. 18. D. crumenata. 
 
 9 cymes many-flowered. 
 
 Leaves submembranous, 2J 5 in. long. 19. D. frutescens. 
 
 Leaves coriaceous, 4 8 in. long. 20. D. densiflora. 
 
 192 
 
 6. D. decandra. 
 
 7. D. sylvatica. 
 
 8. D. Kurzii. 
 
 9. D. ehretioides. 
 
 10. D. rotundiflora. 
 
148 
 
 ME HIERN, ON 
 
 II. EBENUS. 
 
 21. D. oocarpa. 
 
 Flowers glabrous. 
 Flowers fulvo-velutinous. 
 
 Fruit sub-verrucose ; aestivation of corolla irregular. 
 Fruit not verrucose ; aestivation of corolla regularly contorted. 
 Corolla-lobes acuminate. 
 
 22. D. truncata. 
 
 23. D. italesioides. 
 
 Corolla-lobes not acuminate. 
 Ovary hairy. 
 
 Corolla nearly glabrous, but margins ciliate; pedicels manifest. 24. D. borneensis. 
 Corolla hairy ; flowers sessile or subsessile. 
 
 Leaves whitish beneath; flowers fuliginous-hispid. 
 Leaves not white beneath; flowers not fuliginous. 
 
 Stamens 16. 
 Stamens 10 13. 
 
 Styles short. 
 
 Leaves acuminate. 
 
 Leaves obtuse, not acuminate. 
 
 Style manifest, 4-lobed at apex. 
 Stamens 20 32. 
 
 $ cymes few-flowered; leaves coriaceous. 
 
 Fruiting calyx-lobes reflexed. 
 Fruiting calyx-lobes erect. 
 
 cymes 5 15-flowered ; leaves submembranous. 
 Ovary glabrous. 
 
 Flowers 1 5 together, subsessile, pubescent; fruiting calyx not plicate. 
 
 Stamens 30 40; leaves subsessile, cordate, coriaceous; 
 
 branches usually straight. 33. D. kucomelas. 
 
 Stamens 11 15; leaves petiolate, not cordate, coriaceous; 
 
 branches flexuous. 34. D. chrysophyllos. 
 
 Stamens 16; leaves petiolate, not cordate, submembra- 
 nous ; branches straight. 35. D. senensis. 
 Flowers solitary, shortly pedunculate, glabrous; fruiting calyx 
 
 plicate. 36. D. rotundifolia. 
 
 25. D. batocana. 
 
 26. D. qiKesita. 
 
 27. D. toodcaria. 
 
 28. D. tessellaria. 
 
 29. D. haplostylis. 
 
 30. D. melanida. 
 
 31. D. nodosa. 
 
 32. D. anoncefolia. 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 149 
 
 HL NOLTIA. 
 
 Ovary hairy. 
 
 Leaves not cordate at base. 
 
 Ovary (or young fruit) 4- (or 6-) celled, not fuliginous. 
 Stamens 4 5 ; leaves acuminate. 
 
 Leaves thin, 2 4 in. long. 
 Leaves coriaceous, 5 12 in. long. 
 
 Stamens 6 16 ; leaves obtuse. 
 
 Ovary (or young fruit) 8-celled, fuliginous-hispid. 
 Ovary 10-celled, fulvous-pubescent. 
 
 Leaves more or less cordate at base. 
 
 Calyx 4-fid ; fruit appressedly pubescent. 
 
 Calyx 4 5-partite ; fruit covered with patent hairs. 
 
 Corolla appressedly sericeous. 
 Corolla glabrous. 
 
 Ovary glabrous except apex. 
 
 37. D. attenuata. 
 
 38. D. acuta. 
 
 39. D, tricolor. 
 
 40. D. fidiginea. 
 
 41. D. Brandisiana. 
 
 42. D. subacuta. 
 
 43. D. pruriens. 
 
 44. D. apieulcda. 
 
 45. D. Barteri. 
 
150 
 
 MB HIEEN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 IV. GUNlSANTHUS. 
 
 Flowers urceolate or not very slender. 
 Calyx quite glabrous. 
 
 Ovary 8-celled; staminodes 4. 
 Ovary 4-celled; staminodes 0. 
 Calyx more or less hairy. 
 
 Peduncles ebracteate, articulated at apex. 
 Peduncles bracteate. 
 
 Bracts densely imbricated at base of peduncles. 
 Bracts not densely imbricated. 
 
 Ovary glabrous. 
 Ovary hairy. 
 
 Peduncles stout ; flowers pentamerous. 
 Peduncles slender; flowers tetramerous. 
 
 Male flowers narrowly tubular, very slender. 
 
 46. D. microrhombus. 
 
 47. D. foliolosa. 
 
 48. D. pilosula. 
 
 49. D. suberifolia. 
 
 50. D. squarrosa. 
 
 51. D. paniculata. 
 
 52. D. gracilipes. 
 
 53. D, graciliflora. 
 
 V. GIJAIACANA. 
 
 Fruiting calyx tough ; leaves coriaceous or subcoriaceous ; stamens 12 20 ; dioecious. 
 
 ? Cymes 3-flowered, stiff. 54. D. Pervillei. 
 
 Cymes many-flowered. 
 
 Flowers pentamerous ; stamens 20. 55. D. dictyoneura. 
 
 Flowers tetramerous ; stamens 12 16. 
 
 Leaves not cordate at base. 
 
 9 Cymes racemose ; veins of leaves in relief on both sides. 56. D. asterocalyx. 
 ? Cymes panicled ; veins of leaves markedly depressed on 
 
 upper surface. 57. D. Horsfieldii. 
 
 Leaves cordate at base. 58. D. Bmvini. 
 
 Fruiting calyx usually foliaceous ; leaves membranous ; stamens 8 ; 
 
 polygamous. 59. D. Lvwreiriana. 
 
 VI. CtJNALONIA. 
 
 Stamens 20 or 24, all inserted in pairs about middle of corolla ; corolla- 
 lobes obtuse. 60. D. Dendo. 
 
 Stamens 8, half inserted at base and half at middle of corolla ; corolla- 
 lobes acute. 61. Z>. Cunakm. 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACELE. 
 
 151 
 
 VII. ERMELLINUS. 
 
 Fruiting calyx-tube without internal elevated rim at top. 
 Stamens 8; leaves not velutinous. 
 Leaves glabrous ; branches glabrous except extremities. 
 
 Leaves cuneate at base, 1J 3 in. long. 62. 
 
 Leaves obtuse at both ends, 4 5 in. long. 63. 
 
 Leaves appressedly pubescent, at least on veins beneath ; shoots 
 pubescent. 64. 
 
 Stamens 9 10; leaves velutinous-pubescent; flowers 4 5-merous. 65. 
 Stamens 12 ; leaves velutinous beneath ; lateral flowers 3-merous. 66. 
 Stamens 12; leaves glabrous, not velutinous ; flowers 5-merous. 67. 
 Stamens 14 20. 
 
 Fruit obconical. 
 
 Fruit rounded at base. 
 
 Corolla-lobes acute or acuminate; ovary hairy. 
 
 Calyx-lobes lanceolate. 
 Calyx-lobes rounded. 
 
 Leaves and petioles glabrous. 70. 
 
 Leaves and petioles more or less pubescent. 71. 
 
 Corolla-lobes obtuse; ovary glabrous. 
 
 Leaves ferruginous-pubescent beneath, rounded at base. 
 Leaves glabrescent, narrowed at base. 
 
 <5 Calyx glabrous outside, tomentose inside; peduncles 
 
 J | in. long 
 Calyx more or less hairy outside ; peduncles very short. 
 
 Calyx deeply 4-lobed; ovary 4-celled. 
 
 Leaves somewhat ovate. 74 
 
 Leaves somewhat obovate. 75. 
 
 <J Calyx 4 5-fid; ovary 10-celled. 76. 
 
 Stamens 32. 77. 
 Fruiting calyx with internal elevated rim at top of its tube. 
 
 Flowers dioecious; stamens 1632; leaves opaque. 78 
 Flowers polygamous ; stamens 8 ; leaves minutely pellucid-punctate. 79. 
 
 D. tetrasperma, 
 D. Carthei. 
 
 D. polyalthioides. 
 
 D. Kirkii. 
 D. velutina. 
 D. plectosepala. 
 
 68. D. stricta. 
 
 69. D. eriantha. 
 
 D. variegata. 
 D. dasyphylla. 
 
 72. D. Beccarii. 
 
 73. D. oleifolia. 
 
 D. flavicans. 
 D. sapotoides. 
 
 D. aurea. 
 D. nigricans. 
 
 D. Ebenum. 
 D. pellucida. 
 
152 
 
 MR HIEEN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Yin. PATONIA. 
 
 Stamens 4. 
 Stamens 830. 
 
 Corolla 4 5-fid, or lobed much beyond the apex. 
 
 Leaves subcaudate at apex. 
 
 Leaves obtuse, not acuminate. 
 
 Leaves more or less acuminate, not caudate. 
 
 Ovary 4-celled. 
 Ovary 8-celled. 
 
 9 Flowers 6 or more together. 
 9 Flowers solitary. 
 
 Filaments glabrous except apex. 
 Filaments pilose. 
 
 Corolla 4 5-lobed only at apex; filaments hairy. 
 
 Leaves ovate, paler beneath. 
 
 Leaves oblong, of same colour on both surfaces. 
 
 Stamens 11 14. 
 Stamens 15 30. 
 
 Flowers clustered, several together. 
 Flowers 2 together. 
 
 80. D. tetrandra. 
 
 81. D. Sprucei. 
 
 82. D. maritima. 
 
 83. D. philippinensis. 
 
 84. D. pilosanihera. 
 
 85. D. lancecefolia. 
 
 86. D. Gardner!. 
 
 87. D. Heudelotii. 
 
 N 
 
 88. D. undulata. 
 
 89. D. multiflora. 
 
 90. D. biflora. 
 
 IX. LEUCOXYLUM. 
 
 Corolla glabrous inside ; stamens glabrous ; leaves less than 1 in. in width. 
 
 <J Flowers solitary; calyx 3-lobed. 91. D. parvifolia. 
 
 Flowers 3 4 together; calyx 4-lobed. 92. D. buxifolia. 
 
 Corolla tomentose on both sides ; filaments tomentose ; leaves more 
 
 than lin. in width. 93. D. Vescoi. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACEJ3. 
 
 153 
 
 X. DANZLEEIA. 
 
 Ovary 4-celled. 
 Ovary 8-celled. 
 
 <5 Flowers 1 4 together (or rarely panicled), or stamens not glabrous. 
 
 <5 Flowers surrounded at base by 5 6 imbricated bracts nearly 
 
 as long as the calyx. 95. 
 
 Bracts not enveloping the calyx. 
 
 Corolla fleshy. 96. 
 
 Corolla not fleshy. 
 
 Calyx-lobes deltoid or rounded. 
 
 Corolla glabrous or nearly so. 97. 
 
 Corolla hairy outside. 98. 
 
 Calyx-lobes ovate or lanceolate. 
 Stamens hairy. 
 Flowers pubescent outside. 
 
 Leaves ciliate; calyx-lobes obtuse. 
 Leaves not ciliate ; calyx-lobes lanceolate. 
 
 Flowers sessile or subsessile. 
 
 Fruit \ | in. in diameter. 100. 
 
 Fruit 1 l^in. in diameter. 101. 
 
 Flowers shortly pedunculate. 102. 
 
 Flowers glabrous outside, but calyx-lobes ciliate. 103. 
 Stamens glabrous. 
 
 Corolla-lobes acute. 
 Corolla-lobes obtuse. 
 
 Stamens 1012. 105. 
 
 Stamens 16. 106. 
 
 Flowers in dense axillary clusters ; stamens glabrous. 
 
 Glabrous, not spinous; stamens 12. 107. 
 
 More or less tomentose, often spinous; stamens 16. 108. 
 
 94. D. Morrisiana. 
 
 D. sguamosa. 
 D. comorensis. 
 
 D. montana. 
 D. Zollingeri. 
 
 99. D. ciliata. 
 
 D. Lotus. 
 
 D. virginiana. 
 
 D. Kaki. 
 D. chartacea. 
 
 104. D. vaccinioides. 
 
 D. cayennensis. 
 D. Icevis. 
 
 D. Thouarsii. 
 D. chloroxylon. 
 
 VOL. XII. PAET I. 
 
 20 
 
154 
 
 ME HIEEN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 109. D. j)ergamena. 
 
 110. D. cauliflora. 
 
 111. D. r ami flora. 
 
 112. D. Diepenlwrstii. 
 
 XI. PARALEA. 
 
 2 Flowers arising from the old wood. 
 Albumen radiately striate. 
 
 <J Flowers pentamerous ; stamens 20. 
 <J Flowers tetramerous ; stamens 16. 
 
 Albumen equable, not radiately striate. 
 
 Ovary ovoid-conical, 10 12-celled. 
 
 Ovary stipitato-constricted at base, 14 16-celled. 
 
 Flowers arising from the young branches. 
 
 (Fruiting calyx foliaceous ; leaves with long narrow acumen at apex. 113. D. sumatrana. 
 Fruiting calyx not foliaceous ; leaves without long narrow acumen at apex. 
 
 <5 Flowers solitary. 114. D. pendula. 
 
 $ Flowers cymose, not solitary. 
 
 $ Flowers very hard and crass (in the dry state). 115. D. macropliylla. 
 
 <J Flowers not very hard. 
 
 Fruiting calyx-tube without elevated internal rim at top. 
 Flowers dioscious; fruit | IJin. in diameter. 
 Ovary 4 8-celled. 
 Stamens glabrous. 
 
 Corolla nearly glabrous. 
 Corolla hairy outside. 
 
 6 Flowers 1 3 together. 
 6 Flowers 5 7 together. 
 
 Stamens not glabrous. 
 
 Filaments glabrous, anthers silky. 
 Leaves glabrous, yellowish. 
 
 116. D. ovalifolia. 
 
 117. 
 118. 
 
 D. texana 
 D. inabacea. 
 
 119. D. pentamera. 
 
 Leaves margined with tomentum, at 
 
 120. D. Paralea. 
 
 least when young. 
 Filaments hairy. 
 
 Corolla glabrous (except 4 lines). 
 Corolla pubescent outside. 
 
 Leaves coriaceous, 2 5 in. long. 
 Leaves firmly membranous, 
 
 6 7 Jin. long. 
 Ovary 10-celled. 
 Flowers polygamous; fruit 1| 4 in. in diameter, 
 
 edible. 125. D. Menaster. 
 
 Fruiting calyx-tube with internal elevated rim at top. 
 
 Flowers tetramerous ; corolla-lobes obtuse. 126. D. samoensie. 
 
 Flowers 3 4-merous; corolla-lobes acute. 127. D. Olen. 
 
 121. D. rhodocalyx. 
 
 122. D. macrocarpa. 
 
 123. D. perforata. 
 
 124. D. oblonga. 
 
Ma HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 155 
 
 XII. CARGILLIA. 
 
 Leaves oblong or oval, without evident glands. Australian. 
 Leaves oval, scattered with glands. Philippine Islands. 
 
 128. D. Cargillia. 
 
 129. D. Malacapai. 
 
 XIII. ROSPIDIOS. 
 
 Stamens glabrous. 
 
 Spinous; flowers very small; stamens 16. 
 
 Not spinous ; flowers of moderate size ; stamens 18 24. 
 
 Leaves about 1 in. long. 
 Leaves 2 5 in. long. 
 
 Stamens more or less pilose. 
 
 Leaves not markedly paler beneath. 
 Leaves cordate at base. 
 Calyx deeply 5-fid. 
 
 Leaves with margins but slightly revolute, and 
 clearly depressed on the upper surface. 
 
 Leaves with margins much revolute, and tertiary 
 not clearly depressed on the upper surface. 
 
 Calyx shortly 4 7-fid. 
 
 Stamens 20. 
 Stamens 40 50. 
 Leaves not cordate at base. 
 Leaves pubescent beneath. 
 
 <J flowers 3 together; stamens 18 24. 
 
 <5 flowers several together; stamens 30 45. 
 
 <5. Cymes very dense; stamens 30. 
 (5. Cymes less dense; stamens 36 45. 
 
 Leaves glabrous. 
 Leaves markedly paler beneath. 
 Stamens 26 45. 
 
 Leaves 69 in. long; corolla very silky outside. 
 Leaves 2 3 in. long ; corolla glabrous except hairy 
 outside. 
 
 Stamens 15 17. 
 [Cfr. 
 
 130. D. spinosa. 
 
 131. 
 132. 
 
 D. ovalis. 
 D. hispida. 
 
 veins 
 
 veins 
 
 133. 
 
 3 
 
 134. 
 
 135. 
 136. 
 
 D. Goudotii. 
 
 D. gaulthericefolia. 
 
 D. subrotata. 
 D. polyandra. 
 
 137. D. coccolobcefolia. 
 
 138. 
 139. 
 140. 
 
 D. Pearcei. 
 D. perumana. 
 
 D. Weddellii. 
 
 141. D. glomerata. 
 
 lines 
 
 142. D. caprecefolia. 
 
 143. D. Mannii. 
 
 144. D. artanthcefolia.] 
 
 202 
 
156 
 
 MB HIEKN, ON EBENACEJi 
 
 . XIV. CAVANILLEA. 
 
 Fruit not densely hairy ; corolla 4 6-lobed at apex. 
 $ flowers J | in. thick. 
 Leaves cuneate at base. 
 
 Stamens 12 20; leaves oval or oblong-lanceolate. 
 Stamens 25 32; leaves obovate. 
 Leaves rounded or obtusely narrowed at base. 
 
 Leaves subvelutinous beneath. 
 Leaves glabrous on both sides. 
 
 Styles 4, hairy at base. 
 
 Style glabrous, lobed at apex, 
 flowers | | in. thick. 
 Fruit densely hairy; corolla 4 5-fid. 
 Stamens glabrous. 
 Stamens densely pilose. 
 
 145. D. Poeppigiana. 
 
 146. D. emarginata. 
 
 147. D. rigida. 
 
 148. D. Eimbryopteris. 
 
 149. D. coriacea. 
 
 150. D. crassiflora. 
 
 151. D. discolor. 
 
 152. D. argentea. 
 
 XV. AMUXIS. 
 
 153. D. Toposia. 
 
 1. DlOSPYROS CALOPHYLLA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis suboppositis, .oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi profunde cordatis, glabrescentibus, 
 subcoriaceis, nitidis, uni-coloribus, petiolatis ; floribus femineis aggregatis, breviter pedunculatis, 
 axillaribus; fructibus pyriformi-obconicis, rufo-tomentosis, pluri-locularibus ; calyce fructifero 
 apice 4-Zofco, rufo-tomentoso, appresso, fructum cequante. 
 
 A small tree, of rich brown colour in the dry state, glabrous except the inflorescence 
 and young parts which are rufous-puberulous. Leaves oblong, subcoriaceous, deeply cordate 
 at base, acuminate at apex, subopposite, shining, of same colour on both sides, 6 12 in. 
 long or more by 1J 3| in. wide ; petioles J in. long, rufous-puberulous, glabrescent. 
 Fruits clustered, axillary, several together (5 10 in flower) on rufous-puberulous peduncles 
 ^ ^in. long; bracts small; fruit pyriform-obconic, rufous-tomentose, 1 IJin. long x | 1 in. 
 thick, several-celled ; enclosed to full height by appressed thick calyx Avhich is shortly 
 and roundedly 4-lobed at apex and rufous-tomentose on both sides; fruit tipped with re- 
 mains of rufous-tomentose style. 
 
 Madagascar, not far from the sea at Angonsti, Richard! 36. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 157 
 
 2. DIOSPYROS INSIGNIS, Thw. En. Ceyl. PL p. 180. n. 10. (1860). 
 
 D. foliis suboppositis et alternis, firmiter membranaceis, ovatis vel oblongis, acuminatis, 
 basi rotundatis vel angustatis, glabris ; floribus masculis lateralibus, glomeratis, subsessilibus, 
 tetrameris, staminibus 14 20 ; floribus femineis 1 3-nis, axillaribus, sessilibus, ovario 8-loculari, 
 fructibus subglobosis Icevibus, calyce aucto crasso tignoso, margine reflexo ; albumine ruminato. 
 
 Bedd. Ic. PI. Ind. Or. (Pt. vn.) p. 26. t. 130 (1871). 
 
 A very large tree, with young shoots somewhat pubescent. Leaves subopposite and 
 alternate, toughly membranous, glabrous, ovate or oblong, acuminate, rounded or some- 
 what narrowed at base, midrib and lateral veins clearly marked on the under surface, 
 tertiary veins nearly parallel and transverse to the midrib, 4 14 in. long by 1| 6 in. 
 wide ; petioles \ r ^ in. long. 
 
 $ Flowers crowded many together in subsessile lateral clusters. Calyx \ ^in long, 
 campanulate, shortly 4-fid, lobes ovate, acute, shortly pubescent outside, glabrous inside; 
 corolla \ in. long, shortly tubular, 4-lobed, pale-tomentose outside, lobes short ; stamens 
 14 20, nearly glabrous, many in pairs, the longer filaments geniculate and with light- 
 coloured hairs. 
 
 $ Flowers 1 3 together, axillary, sessile. Ovary 8-celled ; fruit subglobular, smooth, 
 subglabrous, inconspicuously depresso-areolated, IJin. in diameter, supported on a thick 
 accrescent woody calyx whose tube forms a cup with elevated rim, margin reflexed ; seeds 
 f j^ in. long by ^ \ in. wide ; albumen ruminated. A valuable timber tree. 
 
 Ceylon Thwaites! 2000ft. alt., C.P. 2730, 3477; S. India, Anamallays, Beddome, 
 20003000 ft. alt. Called " Gona-gass" in Ceylon. 
 
 3. DIOSPYROS OPPOSITIFOLIA, Thw. En. Ceyl. PL p. 181. n. 11. (1860). 
 
 D. foliis oppositis, obtusis, breviter acuminatis, basi rotundatis, coriaceis, glabratis, breviter 
 petiolatis; floribus masculis anguste tubulosis, subsessilibus, tetrameris, calyce 4<-fido, campa- 
 nulato, corolld breviter 4<-fidd, staminibus circiter 8, incequalibus. 
 
 Bedd. Ic. PI. Ind. Or. (Pt. vn.) p. 27. t. 131 (1871). 
 
 A moderate-sized tree ; branches glabrous terete. Leaves oval, firmly coriaceous, glabrous 
 (or the younger ones slightly pubescent), rounded at base, obtuse or shortly acuminate at apex, 
 opposite or subopposite, 2 6 in. long by 1J 3 in. wide; net-veins inconspicuous, nearly 
 transverse and feebly depressed on the lower surface; petioles ^ ^in. long, tumid- 
 crass, dark, glabrous. 
 
 Flowers sessile or subsessile, few together, fin. long. Calyx ^in. long, not quite 
 glabrous, 4-lobed nearly to the middle, with acute lobes. Corolla slender, hispid, in. long, 
 lobes about J the depth of the corolla. Stamens about 8, very unequal ; (the filaments 
 and connectives are figured as having short hairs). The timber of this tree resembles 
 that of D. gucBsita, Thw., Calarnander. 
 
 Ceylon, Thwaites!; C.P. 3011; Hinidoon Corle, up to elevation of 1000 feet; local name 
 " Kaloomidereya-gass." 
 
158 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^I. 
 
 4. DIOSPTROS TUPRU, Buch. Journey vol. I. p. 183 (1807). 
 
 D. foliis alternis et suboppositis, ellipticis ovatis vel subrotundis, apice obtusis rarius 
 acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel rarius angustatis, coriaceis, subtus tomentosis, petiolatis ; pe- 
 dunculis florum masculorum longitudine pelioli, apice 3 4>-floris, calyce campanulato apice 
 4 Q-lobo, staminibus 12 18; floribus femineis solitariis brevissime pedunculatis, staminodiis 
 6, fructibus subglobosis vel ovoideis glabris, calyce pro/wide 4 6-fido, lobis ovatis margine 
 extus reflexis ; albumine ruminato. 
 
 Hamilt. (olim Buch.) in Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. Ill (1827). 
 
 Diospyros exculpta, Hamilt. I.e. p. 110, D. exsculpta, Alph. D.C. Prodr. VIII. p. 223. 
 n. 3 (1844), Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 66 (1870) ? fr. 
 
 Diospyros insculpta, Hamilt. I.e. p. 112, Alph. DC. I.e. n. 6. 
 
 Diospyros tomentosa, Roxb. Hort. Beng. p. 40 (1814), Fl. Ind. edit. 1832 vol. 2. p. 532, 
 Roxb. draw. n. 1728 in Hb. Kew, R. Wight Ic. tt. 182, 183 (1840), non Poir. 
 
 ID. speciosa, Wood, Rep. For. Oudh 1867 68, p. 33 (name only, 1869). 
 
 Called Tupru (Carnatic), Kend (Hindoo), Kendu (Bengal) according to Hamilton, and 
 Kallindoo (Sanscrit), Kyou and Tumala (Bengal), according to Roxburgh; Tunki in the 
 Cuddapah district, and Tumboornee in the Bombay presidency, according to Beddome. 
 
 A tree either of small moderate or large size up to 60 80 ft. high ; dioecious or poly- 
 gamous; the heart-wood is black in some trees and of a hard and heavy substance called 
 at Munghur Batti and at Saseram Abnus. The latter word is said to be of Persian origin 
 and a source from which our word Ebony is derived. Trunk grey-black, bark very closely 
 cracked both transversely and longitudinally. Branches cinereous, alternate or opposite, ramified 
 as in the oak ; young shoots ferruginous-pubescent. Leaves opposite subopposite and alternate, 
 elliptical ovate or subrotund, bright green, more or less coriaceous, usually almost glabrous 
 on the upper side and tomentose beneath, sometimes glabrous on both sides; obtuse or 
 rounded at the base ; emarginate rounded or obtusely narrowed or sometimes apiculate 
 at apex; 3 14 in. long by li 7^ in. wide; petioles ^ fin. long; lateral veins usually 
 prominent beneath; deciduous. 
 
 6 ^Flowers 3 or 4, on recurved thickened tomentose peduncles equalling or rather 
 longer than the petioles, 4 5-merous, white, | ^in. long; bracts small; pedicels very 
 short ; calyx tomentose, campanulate ; corolla much longer than the calyx, with short lobes, 
 hairy outside; stamens 12 18, inserted on the receptacle, glabrous (?); ovary rudimentary, 
 hairy. 
 
 9 Flowers solitary, subsessile or shortly stalked, 4 6-merous; peduncles about -j^in. 
 long ; bracts 3 4, scale-like, caducous ; calyx campanulate, 4 6-fid ; corolla shortly 4 6- 
 lobed; staminodes 6; ovary 4 (-6?) -celled, somewhat hairy; styles 2 ( 3). Fruit egg- 
 shaped or globose, glabrescent, about 1 in. long by f in. thick, usually 4-celled and 3-seeded ; 
 seeds Jin. long by Jin. wide and Jin. thick; fruiting calyx surrounding the base of the 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACEA 159 
 
 fruit or spreading, pubescent on both sides, | fin. across, not or scarcely accrescent; 
 testa shining, marked with reticulated depressions; albumen cartilaginous, ruminated, grey. 
 "The fruit when ripe is sweet and not very bad tasted;" according to Hamilton the 
 cotyledons in D. insculpta are conduplicate. This valuable tree sheds all its leaves in the 
 cold season, and they appear again in the beginning of the hot weather (Beddome) ; not 
 uncommon in the Cuddapah, Salem and Kurnool forests in Madras. Difficult to distinguish 
 from D. melanoxylon, Roxb., to which species it ought perhaps to be united. 
 
 N.W. India. Hb. Eoyle!; Brundekund, Edgeworth! 6004; Hb. Stocks/ ; plains of Behar, 
 &c., Dr Hooker ! 440, 441 ; Magadi (used for small beams and posts), Hejuru, S.W. Mysore 
 (a large tree ; timber good), Hitch. Ham. Journey vol. I. p. 183. vol. n. p. 125. W. Himalaya, 
 Dr Stewart! 
 
 5. DIOSPYKOS MELANOXYLON, Roxb. Coromand. p. 36. t. 46 (1795). 
 
 D. foliis oppositis suboppositis vel alternis, ovalibus vel oblongis, apice rotundatis vel leviter 
 angustatis, basi cuneatis vel rarius rotundatis, pubescentibus tenuiter coriaceis, petiolatis ; pedun- 
 culis florum masculorum longitudine petioli plurifloris, calyce campamdato, tomentoso, breviter 
 4 5-lobo, staminibus 12 16, rarius 8, glabris vel antheris leviter hirsutis ; floribus femineis 
 solitariis brevissime pedunculatis 5 4-mem, staminodiis 8 vel 10, ovario 4 (8-) loculari, fruc- 
 tibus globosis vel ovoideis, pubescentibus vel glabratis, plerumque k-sperinis ; albumine ruminate. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 224. n. 7 (1844), non Blum, nee Hassk. 
 
 D. Wightiana, Wall.! List n. 4406 (182832), Alph. DC. Prodr. vni. p. 223. n.2, Beddom. 
 Fl. Sylv. Madras, t 67 (1870). 
 
 D. Eoylii, Wall. List n. 4134 (182832), D. Roylei, Alph. DC. I.e. p. 239. n. 89. 
 D. dubia, Wall. n. 4407, Alph. DC. I. c. p. 223. n. 4, non Goepp. 
 
 Cfr. D. rubiginosa, Roth, Nov. PI. Sp. p. 385 (1821), et D. montana, Heyne ex Roth I. c., 
 non Roxb. 
 
 Tumki Tumi and Tumbi in Tamil and Telugu, ex Beddome, Fl. Sylv. Madr. t. 67 (1870) ; 
 Tumida of the Telingas, ex Roxb. 1. c. ; Tumballi of the Tamuls, ex Roxb. Fl. Ind. edit. 1832, 
 vol. II. p. 531; Tindoo of the Hindoos ex Roxb. I.e.; (Tendoo, Beddome); Coromandel ebony 
 tree; Thomboorah Marum in Hb. Wight; Toomrie, Dr Ritchie (Belgaum). 
 
 A large tree with a trunk 8 10 feet in circumference, sometimes only a small shrub ; 
 dioecious ; young shoots very downy, pale-ferruginous. Leaves opposite subopposite and 
 alternate, pubescent especially beneath, thinly coriaceous, oval or oblong, cuneate or rarely 
 rounded at base, rounded or somewhat narrowed at apex, 2 6 in. long by 1 2 wide ; 
 petioles in. long ; veins less conspicuous than in D. Tupru; deciduous. 
 
 <J. Flowers J in. long, in panicled tomentose-ferruginous drooping cymes in. 
 long, longer than the petioles, several or many together, with small bracts at base and apex 
 of short pedicels. Calyx shortly 4 6-lobed, campanulate, tomentose on both sides. Corolla 
 4 6-lobed at apex, glabrous inside, densely silky outside, 1| 3 times the length of the calyx. 
 Stamens 12 16 (rarely 8 only), in pairs when 16, glabrous or with lines of short hairs back 
 
1(50 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 and front on the anthers which are longer than the filaments ; ovary wanting or rudimen- 
 tary and hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers rather larger than the male, solitary, subsessile, pentamerous or tetramerous ; 
 calyx hairy on both sides, 5- winged (in D. Wightiana, Wall. !) by the patent projection of the 
 margins of the lobes ; staminodes 8 or 10 ; styles 2 bifid somewhat hairy ; ovary 4 ! ( 8) -celled, 
 densely hairy ; cells 1-ovuled. Fruit globular or ovoid, somewhat hairy or glabrescent, usually 
 4-celled and 4-seeded, about 1 in. long ; albumen of seed somewhat ruminated ; according to 
 Roxburgh 2 8 seeds ripen ; fruiting calyx nearly flat about in. across. 
 
 Neilgherries and Serramallee Hills, India, R. Wight! (D. dubia); Adjeeghur, and Bisrum- 
 gunge ghaut, Boyle (D. Roijlii); Belgaum, Dr Ritchie! 1108; Calicut!, Hb. Wight! 1723, 
 Subbulpore, 1727, 1721, 1725; Hb. Griffith!, 3630,3626(1); Bababoodun Hills, Mysore, Mr 
 Law!; common in dry forests in Madras, according to Major Beddonie. The ebony tree of 
 Malabar and Coromandel. Mysore, a small shrub, common, Dr Brandis!, May 1868. 
 
 It is only the centre of large trees that is black and valuable, and the quantity found 
 varies with the age of the tree. The outer portion of the wood is white and soft, and either 
 decays soon or is destroyed by insects which leave the black part untouched. The ripe fruit is 
 eaten by the natives in the Circars, but is astringent and not very palatable. The bark of 
 the tree possesses tonic and astringent properties, and in decoction proves useful in atonic 
 diarrhoea, dyspepsia and diseases of debility. [See E. J. Waring, Pharmacopoeia of India, 
 p. 132 (1868).] 
 
 Cfr. D. decandra, Lour. 
 
 6. DIOSPYROS DECANDRA, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. p. 227 (1790). 
 
 D. foliis ovato-lanceolatis vel ellipticis, apice obtuse acuminatis, basi plus minus angustatis, 
 alternis, tenuiter coriaceis, leviter pubcscentibus, petiolatis ; floribus femineis sub- 3-nis, cymosis, 
 4 o-meris; corolla urceolatd; staminodiis 10, glabris; ovario 6 8-loculari; fructibas subglo- 
 bosis edulibus. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 238. n. 85 (1844), non Boj. 
 
 A large tree with rather patent branches, producing excellent heavy timber, white but 
 marked with many black veins and sometimes with black heart-wood. Leaves thinly 
 coriaceous, slightly pubescent, especially on the midrib, which is somewhat depressed on the 
 upper surface, of nearly the same brown colour (in the dry state) on both sides, alternate, 
 elliptical or ovate-lanceolate, shortly and obtusely acuminate at apex, more or less narrowed 
 at base? 2 3 in. long (besides petiole $ f in. long) by T ^ 1 in. wide ; venation as in D. 
 melanoxylon. 
 
 9 . Inflorescence rufous-hairy, more or less glabrescent ; peduncles axillary, ranging up 
 to | in. long or rather more, bearing 3 or more flowers on short pedicels. Flowers whitish. 
 Flower-bud depresso-ovato, in. long by -fa in. thick; calyx deeply 4 5-fid, enclosing the 
 young corolla, with valvate (?) deltoid lobes whose sides are somewhat revolute ; corolla 
 shortly lobed, glabrous inside, tube urceolate, lobes obtuse, reflexed in full flower; staminodes 
 glabrous, 10 according to Loureiro, short, inserted at the base of the corolla. Ovary 6- or 
 8-celled and -ovuled; ovules pendulous. Style short, lobed at apex. Fruit compresso-rotund 
 or subglobose, subglatrate at least in part, 6 8-celled in the cases examined, about 1 in. in 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 161 
 
 diameter or perhaps larger, yellow, edible, pulpy, sweet but astringently so, 6 8-seeded, 
 strongly scented, not very pleasant to the taste. Fruiting calyx spreading, nearly as wide as 
 the fruit when young. Seeds bony, " compresso-ovate." 
 
 The fruit according to Loureiro is brought to market for sale. 
 
 N. Cochinchina. Loureiro ! A.D. 1774 (seen in Hb. Mus. Brit.). Local name Cay Thi. 
 
 Very possibly D. melanoxylon, Roxb. ought to be united with this species ; but the leaves 
 in the latter are all alternate, so far as the specimen seen by me shews. 
 
 7. DIOSPYROS SYLVATICA, Roxb. Coromand. p. 37. t. 47 (1795). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, scepe acuminatis, basi angustatis, vix coriaceis, glabris vel sub- 
 glabris, breviter petiolatis ; fioribus masculis cymosis, <x>-nis, globosis, parvis, scepius 4-meris 
 interdum 3- vel 5-meris ; staminibus 13 22, glabris; floribus femineis solitariis pedunculatis, 
 scepe in ramulis junioribus racemose dispositis, 4 3-meris, globosis; staminodiis 4, glabris; 
 ovario 8- vel 6-loculari; fructibus globosis; albumine ruminato. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 231. n. 41 excl. var. /3 velutina (1844). 
 
 Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PI. p. 178. n. 3 (1860). 
 
 Bedd. Ic. PI. Ind. Or. (Part vn.) p. 25. t. 121 (1871). 
 
 D. orixensis, Klein ex Willd. Sp. PI. iv. p. 110 (1805), Alph. DC. I.e. p. 230. n. 35, non 
 Wight. 
 
 Native names : Tella-gada of the Telingas ; Nella-gada (Hb. Roxb.) ; Soodoo-Kadoombai- 
 reya-gass in Ceylon. 
 
 A pretty large tree ; foliage turning black when dry ; branches spreading at 60 75, 
 glabrous or the young shoots pubescent. Leaves alternate, oval, pointed or acuminate, thin, 
 usually somewhat narrowed at base ; nearly or quite glabrous, 2 6 in. long by f 3 in. wide ; 
 petioles ^ ^ in. long, often puberulous ; midrib and veins depressed on upper side, but not 
 conspicuous ; lateral veins not very close. 
 
 <J. Cymes axillary, several- or many-flowered, ^ in. long (excluding the flowers), 
 more or less shortly-pubescent ; ultimate pedicels short ; flowers small, T > 5 \ in. long, white 
 and fragrant when growing, 3 5-merous, usually 4-merous; calyx very short ^ ^ in. high 
 by Jjj in. wide, 3 5-fid, pubescent or ciliate, glabrous inside; corolla obconic-subglobular, 
 lobed at apex, nearly glabrous ; stamens 13 22, mostly in pairs and inserted at base of 
 corolla, glabrous (or rarely with a few short hairs) ; anthers about the length of the filaments, 
 dehiscing laterally from apex ; ovary rudimentary, somewhat hairy at apex or glabrous. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, on peduncles ^ \ in. long, larger than the $ , 3 4- usually 4- 
 merous; staminodes 4, glabrous, alternating with the corolla-lobes; ovary 6- or 8-celled, 
 glabrous or hairy at apex ; cells 1-ovuled ; styles 3 or 4 ; fruit globose, glabrous or with a 
 few appressed hairs around apex, in. or more in diameter; fruiting calyx spreading, accres- 
 cent, f in. in diameter. Seeds 2 8 ; albumen somewhat ruminated. Wood very hard, used 
 for fancy work. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 21 
 
162 MH HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 India, Circars, Roxburgh !; Concan, Law !; Bombay, Law /, 3000 ft. alt. Ceylon, Thwaites ! 
 C. P. 2729, damp forests up to 4000 ft. alt. 
 
 8. DIOSPYROS KUEZII, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovato-ovalibus, mox gldbratis, apice acuminatis, basi cuneatis, breviter 
 petiolatis, nitentibits, nervis lateralibus crebris tenuibus ; floribus femineis sub-S-nis, breviter 
 cymosis, tetrameris, urceolatis; staminodiis 4, gldbris ; ovario 4<-loculari, 4<-ovulato, stylis 2, 
 basi connatis. 
 
 Young branches pubescent with short appressed silky fulvous or brown hairs; branches 
 at about 40. Leaves ovate-oval, quickly glabrescent, alternate, dark, very dark and shining 
 above with crowded delicate lateral veins which are also in relief beneath where the leaf 
 is slightly paler, acuminate at apex, more or less narrowed at base, thinly coriaceous; 
 2 3 in. long by 1 If in. wide ; petioles ^ \ in. long ; midrib depressed above. 
 
 2 Cymes axillary, I \ in. long (excluding flowers), about 3-flowered, with very short 
 pedicels, pubescent, and with small caducous bracts at base of calyx. Flowers in. long. 
 Calyx T \>in. long, puberulous outside, glabrous inside, shortly 4-fid, bigger in young fruit. 
 Corolla 4-lobed at apex, with rounded lobes pubescent on both sides, urceolate ; staminodes 
 4, glabrous, alternating with corolla-lobes; ovary glabrous except apex, 4-celled; cells 
 1-ovuled. Styles 2, straight, erect, slender, hairy, long, connate at base. 
 
 South Andaman, S. Kurz! 
 
 9. DIOSPYROS EHRETIOIDES, Wall. List, n. 4137 (1828 32). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ellipticis, vix coriaceis, discoloribus ; floribus masculis x-nis, cymosis, 
 subglobosis ; staminibus 22 29, glabris, ovarii rudimento hirsuto ; floribus femineis solitariis, 
 breviter pedunculatis ; fructibus globosis, glabratis ; albumine ruminato. 
 
 Alph. D.C. Prodr. vin. p. 231. n. 42 (1844). 
 
 D. mollis, Wall, ex Steud. Nomencl. bot. edit. ii. I. p. 514 (1840). 
 
 Young shoots and inflorescence ferruginous-pubescent; branches spreading, alternate, terete. 
 Leaves elliptical, rounded or somewhat narrowed at base, rounded obtusely pointed or 
 apiculate at apex, alternate, thinly coriaceous or submembranous, glabrous except the veins, 
 ferruginous or reddish-brown beneath, greener or slaty-brown above, 3 9 in. long by 
 21 5 in. wide; petioles \ |in. long. 
 
 <? Cymes compound, trichotomous, 4 times the length of the petioles, patent, abundant 
 on the young shoots ; bracts hooked at the apex ; flowers in. wide, pubescent, o-lobose, 
 reflexed on very short pedicels. Calyx 4-fid, pubescent, with obtuse lobes. Corolla cairi- 
 panulate, twice the length of the calyx, with ciliated much contorted lobes. Stamens 
 22 29, glabrous, subequal, crowded on the receptacle, mostly distinct; filaments short. 
 Ovary rudimentary, represented by a few hairs. 
 
 9 Flowers solitary; peduncles I $jin. long, on the young shoots. Fruiting calyx with 
 recurved lobes, somewhat pubescent or nearly glabrate, about f in. broad (when expanded) 
 fruit glabrous, globular, lin. in diameter; albumen ruminated. 
 
 Tavoy and Moolmyne, Wallich!; Pegu, M'Lelland ! (Fruits in January) ; Pegu and 
 Ta Oo, Tenasserim, local name Aukchinza, Dr Brandis! 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACEJ3. 163 
 
 10. DlOSPYROS ROTUNDIFLOBA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis ovali-oblongis, alternis, apice acuminatis, basi rotundatis, tenuiter coriaceis, supra 
 nitentibus ylabris, subtus subglabris, breviter petiolatis ; floribiis masculis paniculatis, sub- 
 globosis vel ovoideis, 4 3-meris, pubescentibus; staminibus 14 16, biserialibus, glabris, ovario 
 rudimentario hirsute. 
 
 Young parts and inflorescence subtomentose ; branches cinereous, terete. Leaves oval- 
 oblong, alternate, acuminate at apex, rounded at base, thinly coriaceous, of rich brown colour 
 when dry, shining and glabrous above with veins inconspicuous, nearly glabrous beneath, 
 3 7 in. long by 1| 2in. wide; petioles shortly pubescent, in. long; lateral veins 
 about 10 on each side the midrib. 
 
 $ . Cymes axillary and lateral, many-flowered, less than 1 in. long ; ultimate pedicels 
 very short or obsolete ; bracts ovate, sometimes larger than the flowers ; flowers subglobose 
 or ovoid, ^ |in. in diameter, pubescent; calyx subhemispherical or widely campanulate, 
 4- occasionally 3-fid ; lobes deltoid; corolla shortly 4 3-fid, lobes rounded; stamens 14 
 16, biseriate, subequal, glabrous ; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari ! n. 3567. 
 
 Near D. ehretioides, Wall. 
 
 11. DIOSPYROS HIRSUTA, Linn. Ml. Suppl. p. 440 (1781). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ellipticis oblongis vel ovatis, tenuiter coriaceis, breviter petiolatis, nervis 
 lateralibus scepitis inconspicuis ; floribus masculis dense cymosis, oblongis, pubescentibus, 4 5- 
 meris; staminibus 5 16, subglabris; floribus femineis 1 G-nis ; staminodiis 5 10; ovario 
 4 "LO-loculari, loculis I-ovulatis ; stylis 2 5, brevibus ; fructibus globosis vel ellipsoideis, 
 tomentosis vel glabratis, calyce fructifero, stellato- vel depresso-cupuliformi ; seminibus oblongis, 
 albumine ruminato. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vill. p. 223. n. 5 (1844), Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PI. p. 181. n. 15 (I860), 
 Bedd. Icon. PL Ind. Orient. (Part vn.) p. 28. t. 137 (1871), non Desf. 
 
 A tree of moderate size, dioecious or occasionally monoecious ; produces an ebony. 
 Buds inflorescence and in some cases the young branches and underside of leaves pubes- 
 cent. Leaves alternate, more or less elliptical oblong or ovate, thinly coriaceous, obtusely 
 or acutely acuminate at apex, narrowed or rounded at base, glabrous and shining above, 
 sometimes pubescent beneath, 2 12 in. long by 1 4 in. wide ; petioles -i | in. long ; mid- 
 rib depressed on upper side ; lateral veins usually inconspicuous beneath. Flowers subsessile, 
 axillary, 4 5-merous ; bracts rounded, caducous. According to Dr Thwaites female flowers 
 are occasionally intermixed in the male cymes and in that case are much smaller than 
 when occurring alone. 
 
 ff. Flowers | Jin. long, oblong, in dense cymes. Calyx hairy on both sides, 4 5- 
 fid ; lobes acute. Corolla tubular, at least double the length of the calyx, 4 5-fid, glabrous 
 inside. Stamens 5 16, glabrous or mainly so, when numerous often united by the filaments 
 in pairs. Ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 212 
 
164 ME HIERlsr, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 9 . Flowers | in. long, thicker than in the $ , 1 6 together. Margins of calyx-lobes 
 wavy and reflexed. Corolla-lobes reflexed, rounded, mucronate. Staminodes 5 10 ; barren 
 anthers, glabrous or with setose tips, filaments glabrous or hairy. Ovary ovoid, covered 
 with ferruginous or rufous hairs, 4 10-celled. Styles 2 5, short. Fruit globose or ellip- 
 soidal, pale-glabrate or rarely tomentose and ferruginous or rufous, l^in. long, 1 10- 
 seeded. Fruiting calyx stellate-flat or shallow-cupuliform, \ 1 in. in diameter, 4 5-fid ; lobes 
 with reflexed margins. Seeds oblong, usually compressed, transversely scored outside ; al- 
 bumen ruminated. 
 
 The following forms seem to me difficult to separate from D. hirsuta, L. f., but the 
 combination of them all into a single species makes it a very variable and widely spread 
 one. 
 
 D. lucida, Wall. List, n. 4127 (182832), non Hort., Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 233. 
 n. 52 (1844). = (?) D. nilagirica, Bedd. Icon. pi. Ind Or. (Pt. vii.) p. 27. t. 136 (1871). 
 D. Candolleana, Wight, Icon. tt. 1221, 1222 (1850), non Thw. 
 
 D. Moonii, Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PL p. 182. n. 16 (I860), Bedd. I.e. p. 28. t. 138 (1871). 
 Perhaps a distinct species. 
 
 D. canarica, Bedd. I.e. p. 27. t. 134. = D. oligandra, Bedd. Rep. Forests Madras 1867 
 68 p. 25 (1868) name only. 
 
 D. Thwaitesii, Bedd. I.e. p. 27. t. 135. = D. Candolleana, Thw. I.e. p. 181. n. 14, non 
 Wight. 
 
 The following key serves to contrast the typical characters of these forms, but inter- 
 mediate states exist. 
 
 Ovary (6-) 8 10-celled ; filaments of stamens often hairy. 
 Ovary usually 10-celled. Stamens 5. 
 
 Leaves elliptical, narrowed at base, hirsuta proper. 
 Leaves oblong, wide near base. Moonii. 
 Ovary 8-celled. Stamens 16. nilagirica. 
 
 Ovary 4-celled ; filaments of stamens 10 12, glabrous. 
 Staminodes 4 5. 
 
 Staminodes quite glabrous. Fruit pale, glabrate. Candolleana. 
 Staminodes setose at tip. Fruit rufous-hairy, at length glabrate. Thwaitesii. 
 Staminodes 8 10, glabrous, canarica. 
 Hirsuta proper. Ceylon, Thwaites! 382. 
 
 Moonii. Ceylon, Thwaites! 2833; Moon!; Walker!; (?) Tennaserim and Andaman, 
 Hb. Heifer! 3632. 
 
 Nilagirica. Sispara ghat, Nilgiris, India, Major Beddome ; (lucida} Singapore, Wallichl 
 4127; Malacca, Maingay ! 970, 973; Griffith! 3637. 
 
 Candolleana. Courtallum and Quilon, Wight! 1715, Canara, Mangalor, Wight! 1728; 
 Hohenacker! 591 (Native name Karmarn); Concan, Dr Gibson! 128; Goa, Dalzell! ; 
 Moollis, Dr Ritchie/ 96, 3 (tree 24ft. high); Phoondu Ghaut, Dr Ritchie! 96/2 (tree 
 36ft); Ram Ghaut, Dr Ritchie! 96 (Native name Kalevin). 
 
 Thwaitesii. Ceylon, Local name Homedereya-gass, Thwaites! 3394. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 165 
 
 Canarica. S. Canara, Major Beddome ! "yields an ebony," native name Kara mara. 
 
 A. specimen from Malacca (Maingay ! 969), with less dense cymes and 14 stamens with 
 somewhat pilose anthers, may belong to this species. 
 
 I cannot discover any authentic and satisfactory specimen of D. hirsuta, Linn. fil. ; 
 there is not a specimen so named by the younger Linnaeus in the elder Linnaeus' herbarium, 
 and one in Sir J. E. Smith's herbarium sent from Ceylon by Burmann and labelled " Diospyros 
 hirsuta, H. L. fil." is not a Diospyros nor even a member of the family. 
 
 12. DIOSPYEOS MESPILIFORMIS, Hochst. in PL Schimp. Abyss. Exsicc. sect. ii. 
 
 nn. 655, 1243 (1842). 
 
 D. foliis ellipticis vel oblongis, alternis, tenuiter coriaceis, glabrescentibus ml leviter pu- 
 bescentibus, breviter petiolatis, nervis inconspicuis ; floribus masculis axillaribus, 5 4-raem, 
 ferrugineo-tomentosis, breviter cymosis, urceolato-oblongis, staminibus 10 16, subglabris ; flori- 
 bus femineis 1 3-nis, axillaribus, 5 4- rarius 3-meris, staminodiis 6 8, uniserialibus, glabris, 
 ovario ovoideo vel conico, sericeo, 4- vel 8-loculari, loculis 1-ovulatis; fructibus subglobosis, 
 glabratis, edulibus, calyce fructifero margine undulato ; albumine ruminato. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 672 (1844). 
 
 D. senegalensis, Perrott. ex Alph. DC. 1. c. p. 234. n. 59. 
 
 D. bicolor, Klotzsch in Peters Mossamb. I. p. 184 (1862). 
 
 A shrub or tree from 6 to 40 feet high or more. Wood much thought of by the 
 natives, white, compact, and useful for many purposes, or black in the centre like ebony. 
 Branches terete, brown-cinereous, glabrescent, more or less patent ; the young shoots and 
 inflorescence ferruginous-tomentose. Leaves alternate, oblong or elliptical, somewhat narrowed 
 or rounded at either end, thinly coriaceous (the younger ones very softly membranous) 
 glabrescent and shining, or with scattered appressed pubescence beneath, often rubescent, 
 especially on the midrib beneath, 2 6 in. long by | 2J in. wide ; petiole | J in. long ; 
 midrib depressed above, lateral and net-veins delicate; margins just recurved. Flowers 
 white, dioecious. 
 
 cJ . Inflorescence axillary, cymose, bearing few to many flowers, in. long exclusive 
 of the flowers. Flowers ferruginous-tomentose, about in. long, pentamerous, occasionally 
 tetramerous ; bracteoles lanceolate. Calyx about in. long, 5- occasionally 4-fid, campanu- 
 late or campanulate-oblong, hairy on both sides; lobes ovate or lanceolate. Corolla in 
 general shortly 5-fid, urceolate-oblong, twice the length of the calyx or more, sericeous out- 
 side, glabrous inside; lobes spreading, pointed. Stamens 10 16, often in pairs, nearly 
 glabrous but with a narrow band of light-coloured hairs on the back of the anthers, in- 
 serted at the base of the corolla ; filaments short ; connective produced at apex ; pollen 
 widely ellipsoidal, smooth! Ovary rudimentary, hairy, or 0. 
 
 9 . Flowers pentamerous or tetramerous or rarely trimerous, solitary or in very short 
 1 3-flowered axillary cymes ; peduncles | f in. long ; bracts narrow, caducous. Calyx hairy 
 on both sides, campanulate, deeply lobed; lobes ovate acuminate with undulated margins. 
 
166 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Corolla pubescent outside, glabrous inside, exceeding the calyx, shortly lobed, lobes pointed. 
 Staminodes 6 8, in one row, inserted at base of the corolla, glabrous. Ovary ovoid or 
 conical, sericeous, terminated by 2 short hirsute bilobed styles, 4- or 8-celled and -ovuled. 
 Fruit glabrate subglobose, 1 in. in diameter, edible, often slightly wrinkled, 4> 5- seeded. 
 Fruiting calyx somewhat or but little increased, with undulated margins, appressed to fruit 
 or spreading. Seeds shining, | | in. long; albumen cartilaginous, somewhat ruminated; 
 embryo straight; cotyledons linear-lanceolate; radicle shorter than the cotyledons. 
 
 Difficult to distinguish by technical characters from the Indian species Diospyros hirsuta, 
 Linn, fil., of which it may be taken as the African representative; its forms also are 
 subject to considerable variation. 
 
 Tropical Africa. Abyssinia; native name Aj6 or Ajejeh, near Docheladscheranne, Schimper! 
 sect. ii. nn. 655, 1243, in flower, June ; Petit in Hb. Franq. iv. Coll. n. 434, in fruit ; Schimper 
 (1862)! n.155, September, 4400 ft. alt.; Nubia, Fayohel, Kotschy ! n. 470, in fruit; Dr Martin St 
 Angel in young fruit; Tinn6 Expedition, nn. 170, 394, fruit in flavour like that of Theobroma 
 Cacao; Benischangul, Cienkowski, n. 966; Gallabat, Matamma, Schweinfurth! n. 973, 974; Mo- 
 zambique, between Tette and the sea coast, Dr Kirk ! in fruit ; near Lupata, Dr Kirk ! in fruit, 
 January ; native names, Sechuana dialect, Makudima; Tette dialect, Kasinjamtolmera ; 50 miles 
 above Tette, Kaurabassa; Sena, Dr Peters!; Niger, Barter! 1208, 1334; Senegambia, Le- 
 prieur !, Whitfield!, Lelierre!, Perrottet/, Dr Daniell! ('Monkey Guava"); Livingstone Expe- 
 dition, (" Mocheka") Dr Kirk!; Angola, Distr. Golungo Alto, Dr Welwitsch! 2529, frequent, 
 " M: usolveira ;" Benguela, in woods from Serra da Xella towards Mumpulla, Dr Welwitsch! 
 2530 ; Congo, in rocky and sandy woods near Ambriz, Dr Welwitsch ! 2528 ; Cape Coast, 
 Brass ! 
 
 13. DIOSPYROS BURMANICA, Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Vol. XL. Pt. ii. p. 73. 
 
 n. 96 (1871). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibtts, apice obtusis vel brevissime acuminatis, basi rotundis vel sub- 
 cuneatis, breviter petiolatis, tenuiter coriaceis, junioribus supra tomento tenui fugaci adspersis 
 subtus appresse tomentosis; floribus masculis 4 Q-meris, breviter cymosis, tomentosis, urceolato- 
 oblongis, staminibus scepius 8, rarius 14 16, glabris ; floribus femineis solitariis, fructibus 
 globosis, glabris, nitentibus, vulgo 4:-spermis, albumine seminum pukherrime ruminate, calyce 
 fructifero margine undulato. 
 
 A small tree with young parts appressedly fulvo-pubescent. Branches cinereous. Leaves 
 alternate, oval, obtuse or slightly acuminate at apex, rounded or wedge-shaped at base, 
 thinly coriaceous, covered when young especially beneath with appressed pubescence, at 
 length more or less glabrate, 1 6 in. long by ^ 2 in wide ; veins not prominent ; petioles 
 
 . Flowers cream-coloured, urceolate-oblong, 4 6- usually 5-merous, $ |in. long, 
 fulvo-tomentose, in short 3 5-flowered axillary cymes, on young branches. Calyx \ \ in. 
 long, hemispherical, tomentose on both sides, shortly 4 6-fid ; lobes deltoid or cordate-ovate. 
 Corolla shortly 4 5-lobed, glabrous inside ; lobes rounded, reflexed. Stamens glabrous, 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACEJE. 167 
 
 usually 8, occasionally 14 16, hypogynous or inserted at base of corolla, about $in. long; 
 anthers linear, acute, longer than the filaments. Ovary rudimentary, fulvo-pubescent. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, pentamerous. Fruit globose, shining, 1 1 in. in diameter, commonly 
 4-seeded. Seeds about f in. long, reticularly wrinkled outside, shining ; albumen grey, beau- 
 tifully ruminated. Fruiting calyx about Jin. in diameter, at base of fruit, tomentose; margins 
 undulated. 
 
 Burma, in sandy and hilly woods, 3rd Kioudweng, 13 May, 1837, Griffith! 3638 [see 
 Journal of Travels, p. 104 (1847)] ; Pegu, Zeebenthlah, October, 1861, Dr Brandis ! 952 
 (vernacular name Tayben) ; M c Lelland ! ; Kurz! 3010. 
 
 Authentic specimens of this species seen during the printing of this paper prove that it 
 embraces the specimens of Griffith and M c Lelland, which I had previously named D. octandra 
 and so printed on pages 33 and 41. 
 
 14. DlOSPYEOS LATEEALIS, sp. nOV. . ' 
 
 D. ramis teretibus cinereis glabris, gemmis et inflorescentid ferrugineo-pubescentibus ; 
 foliis alternis, ovalibus, apice acuminatis, basi angustatis, tenuiter coriaceis vel submembra- 
 naceis, glabris, petiolatis, nervis tenuibus manifestis ; floribus masculis tubulosis breviter cymosis ; 
 cymis lateralibus secus ramos et axillaribus, 3 9-floris; calyce oblongo apice 5 Q-lobo, 
 corolld tubulosd plerumque 5-fidd, staminibus 10 14, inaequalibus, fere glabris, antheris apice 
 minute setulosis, filamentis glabris ; ovario hirsuto rudimentario. 
 
 Buds and inflorescence ferruginous-pubescent ; branches terete, glabrate, cinereous. Leaves 
 oval, alternate, narrowly acuminate, cuneate at base, glabrous, submembranous or thinly 
 coriaceous, 2 4 in. long by 1 2 in. wide ; lateral veins slender, manifest, about 6 on 
 each side the midrib, margins slightly recurved ; petioles | f in. long, glabrous. 
 
 $. Cymes lateral on the older branches and axillary on the younger ones, \ Jin. 
 long, 3 9-flowered ; flowers tubular ; calyx oblong, T 3 ^ in. long, 5 6-lobed at apex, glabrous 
 inside, lobes somewhat spreading, often unequal ; corolla tubular, exceeding the calyx, usually 
 5-fid, lobes obtuse; stamens 10 14, very nearly glabrous, unequal, anthers minutely se- 
 tulose at apex, filaments glabrous; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 1600. 
 
 15. DIOSPYEOS VEERUCOSA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. fructicosa, foliis ovato-oblongis, alternis, apice angustatis, obtusis, mucronulatis, basi 
 rotundatis, tenuiter coriaceis, supra mbglabris, subtus appresse pubescentibus ; fructibus soli- 
 tariis, pedtmculatis, subtetragono-ellipsoideis vel -globosis, verrucosis, pubescentibus, k-locularibus, 
 4<-spermis ; pedunculis robustis, patentibus ; calyce fructifero parvo, patente, 4s-lobo, pubescente ; 
 seminibus oblongis, sulcatis, albumine ruminate. 
 
 A shrub; branches numerous, at length glabrescent, terete; young shoots densely and 
 
168 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 shortly pubescent, subferruginous. Leaves ovate-oblong, alternate, thinly coriaceous, some- 
 what narrowed and mucronulate at apex, rounded at base, nearly glabrous above except that the 
 depressed midrib is sometimes puberulous, paler with soft appressed pubescence beneath 
 and rufous-pubescent on the raised midrib and lateral veins; 1 3| in. long by $ If in. 
 wide, including petiole -fa in. long, rufous, densely puberulous ; lateral veins about 6 on 
 each side the midrib. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, on distinct densely puberulous rather slender peduncles, axillary ; 
 bracts small, rufous-hairy, caducous, near base of peduncle ; fruiting peduncles stout, thickened 
 upwards with wide articulation at apex, nearly ^ in. across, puberulous or subglabrate, J in. 
 long, patent ; fruiting calyx subtomentose-pubescent on both sides, spreading, 4-fid, ^ in. 
 across; with depresso-deltoid lobes slightly recurved at apex. Fruit oblong or globose, 
 pulpy, roundedly 4-sided, verrucose, at length smoother with pale ferruginous short pubes- 
 cence between the raised warty prominences, obtusely umbonate at apex, 1 l^in. long by 
 1 in. across from one side to the opposite side, 4-celled ; cells 1-seeded ; seeds | f in. 
 long, enclosed in a thin chartaceous envelope, transverse section a quadrant of a circle 
 of radius -$jin., shewing several intrusions of the testa into the albumen corresponding 
 with depressed lines on the exterior of the seed ; embryo nearly straight, nearly the length 
 of the seed; radicle superior, much shorter than the compressed 1 3-nerved cotyledons. 
 In one case the calyx is triangular and flat. The pulp of the fruit is eaten. 
 
 E. Africa, Prov. Zanguebar, Dr Kirk ! ; Zambesia, Rovuma R., 20 miles above the mouth. 
 Dr Kirk!, August 1862. 
 
 16. DlOSPTROS KOETHALSIANA. 
 
 D. glabra, foliis altemis ellipticis, apice obtuse acuminatis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, costis 
 inconspicuis ; fructibus solitariis, axillaribus, pedunculatis, glabris, apice cum stylorum reliquiis 
 appresse ferrugineo-hirsutis, ellipsoideis, 8-locularibits, 8-spermis ; seminibus oblongis, albumine 
 ruminato. 
 
 Diospyros macrocarpa, Korthals MSS. in Hb. Lugd. Batav. Ebenacese No. 2, non mihi. 
 
 Glabrous ; branches (in dry state) drab. Leaves elliptical, cuneate at base, obtusely 
 acuminate at apex, alternate, coriaceous, 2 4 in. long (besides petiole \ | in. long) by 
 | 1| in. wide, palish brown (in dry state) on both sides, shining above, midrib depressed 
 above ; veins inconspicuous. 
 
 Fruit solitary, on axillary peduncles which are fin. long, suberect, thickened upwards 
 and thicker than the extension of the young branches from which they grow; fruit ellip- 
 soidal, glabrous except at apex, dark and shining, about lin. across, by scarcely 2 in. (?) 
 long, 8-celled, 8-seeded, tipped by appressedly ferruginous-hairy remains of style. Pericarp 
 in the dry state ^in. long; seeds | in. long by |in. wide and in. thick in the dry 
 state, pendulous from inner side ; albumen somewhat ruminated. 
 
 Fruiting calyx nearly glabrate outside, appressedly hairy and smooth inside, very crass, 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 169 
 
 shallowly cup-shaped, 1 in. across, 4-cornered and shortly 4-lobed ; about J in. high ; tube 
 with elevated rim ; lobes much thinner, reflexed ; verrucose-rugose outside. 
 Borneo, Korthals! 
 
 17. DIOSPYROS AFFINIS, Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PL p. 179. n. 6 (1860). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus vel oblongis, apice obtusissimis, basi anyustatis vel subrotundis, 
 tenuiter coriaceis, glabris, petiolatis ; floribus masculis 3 7-nis, cymosis, pubescentibus, 4-mm's, 
 calyce apice lobato, corolld urceolato-oblongd ; staminibus 6 16 glabris vel leviter hirsutis ; 
 floribus femineis sotitariis, pedunculatis; staminodiis 6 8, glabris, ovario 6 (?) -loculari; 
 calyce inter lobos marsupio-dilatato, lobis acuminatis; albumine ruminato. 
 
 Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. (Part vn.) p. 26 t. 127 (1871). 
 
 A moderate-sized tree; buds ferruginous hairy; branches quickly glabrescent. Leaves 
 oval or oblong, alternate, quite obtusely narrowed at apex, narrowed at base, thinly coria- 
 ceous, glabrous or puberulous below, 1J 4 Jin. long by \ l^in. wide; petioles \ in. 
 long ; midrib canaliculate above, net-veins numerous, raised on both sides. 
 
 $ . Flowers in. long, cymose, 3 7 together; cymes fin. long excluding the flowers; 
 ultimate pedicels short, not exceeding -j^in. long. Calyx semi-ellipsoidal, with short hairs 
 on both sides, 4-toothed at apex, -Jin. long. Corolla shortly salver-shaped, tawny-hairy 
 outside ; tube inflated below, constricted at top ; lobes 4, spreading, oval, somewhat pointed 
 at apex, about ^ the length of the tube. Stamens 6 16, usually about 9 and some or 
 all in pairs, short, usually hypogynous and unequal ; filaments glabrous, shorter than the 
 anthers which are glabrous or somewhat hairy. Ovary rudimentary, represented by a bunch 
 of hairs. 
 
 ? . Flowers solitary, in. long and wide ; peduncles axillary, \ ^ in. long, equalling 
 or rather shorter than the flower, puberulous. Calyx -^jin. long, hairy inside, subglabrate 
 outside, 4-fid, plicate ; lobes acuminate with very wide sinuses ; somewhat enlarged in fruit. 
 Corolla shortly 4-fid with 6 8 glabrous staminodes at base inside. Ovary 6-celled (4-celled ?, 
 conical), hairy ; styles 2, bifid at apex. Fruit globular, apiculate, usually 4-seeded, 1 in. 
 long, finally glabrous ; seeds $ in. long or more by ^ in. wide, with ruminated albumen. 
 
 Ceylon, Thwaites ! C.P. 2924. 
 
 18. DIOSPYROS CRUMENATA, Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PL p. 179. n. 5 (1860). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus vel oblongis, obtuse et breviter acuminatis, coriaceis, glabris, 
 petiolatis ; floribus masculis breviter cymosis, 3 5-nis, tetrameris, pubescentibus, staminibus 
 circiter 12, glabris; floribus femineis solitariis, breviter pedunculatis, tetrameris, calyce inter 
 lobos marsupio-dilatato, staminodiis 8, glabris; ovario 8-loculari, hirsuto; fructibus subglobosis 
 glabrescentibus, albumine ruminato. 
 
 Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. (Part VII.) p. 26. t. 126 (1871). 
 
 A large tree; branches glabrous. Leaves oval or oblong, alternate, obtusely shortly 
 
 VOL. XII. PART L 22 
 
170 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 and abruptly acuminate at apex, rounded or narrowed at base, coriaceous, glabrous, with 
 midrib channelled above and net-veins numerous and raised on both sides, 2 5 in. long by 
 1 2 in. wide; petioles in. long, canaliculate above. 
 
 <J . Cymes 3 5-flowered, near together, about in. long, hairy. Calyx obscurely 4-dentate, 
 glabrous inside, ^ \ in. long. Corolla ^ in. long, shortly Globed ; lobes recurved. Stamens 
 about 12, glabrous, hypogynous. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, rather more than J in. long ; peduncles hairy, \ in. long, thickened 
 upwards. Calyx Jin. high by fin. wide, shallowly 4-lobed, plainly plicate, coriaceous, 
 puberulous outside, hairy inside ; lobes obtuse or apiculate and rounded ; between the lobes 
 marsupio-dilated. Corolla slightly exceeding the calyx ferruginous-tomentose, shortly 4-lobed ; 
 lobes with undulated margins and tomentose on both sides. Staminodes 8, in one row, 
 glabrous, inserted at base of interior of corolla-tube. Ovary 8-celled, hairy. Fruit subglobose, 
 6 8-seeded, 1J 2 in: in diameter, at length glabrous, resting at base on tetragonal thickened 
 spreading calyx, 1 \ in. in diameter ; seeds black, shining, 1 in. long, in. wide, with ruminated 
 albumen. 
 
 Ceylon, 20004000 ft. alt. TJiwaites ! C. P. 2438. 
 
 19. DIOSPYROS FRUTESCENS, Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. p. 668 excl. var. (1825). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ellipticis, apice acuminatis, basi angustatis, firmiter submembranaceis, 
 glabris, nitentibus ; floribus femineis axittaribus vel lateralibus, tetrameris, <x-nis; cdlycis 
 lobis margine revolutis ; corolla suburceolatd, 4>-fidd; staminodiis 8, osqualibus, uniserialibus ; 
 ovario hispido ; fructibus globosis, subgldbris, succulentis. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 230. n. 38 excl. var. (1844), non Hassk. Plant. Javan. rar. 
 p. 467 (1848). 
 
 Young shoots puberulous; branches dark, terete, smooth. Leaves alternate, elliptical, 
 firmly submembranous, somewhat narrowed at base, acuminate at apex, glabrous and shining, 
 2| Sin. long by 1J 2|in. wide, petioles \ Jin. long; veins inconspicuous above; midrib 
 depressed above ; margins neatly recurved. 
 
 9 . Cymes axillary or lateral, fasciculate, many-flowered, J f in. long (excluding the 
 flowers), shortly pubescent, ferruginous (or fuliginous) ; common peduncle obsolete ; pedicels 
 J jin~ long; bracts ovate acuminate, near base of pedicels. Flowers about ^in. long; 
 calyx about in. long, puberulous outside, deeply 4-lobed ; lobes with sides reflexed from 
 a longitudinal internal edge ; corolla glabrous except 4 longitudinal puberulous lines outside, 
 4-fid, suburceolate ; tube in. long and thick, lobes f in. long spreading, ovate, subciliate 
 and pointed at apex by inflexion of sides near apex, contorted in asstivation ; staminodes 
 8, equal, inserted in one row near base of corolla, f in. long, appearing at mouth of corolla- 
 tube, filaments longer than the barren anthers, hairy near top ; ovary globose below, ovoid 
 above, terminated by 2 hairy styles, ferrugineo- or (nigro-) hispid, 4- (10-) celled, 4- (10-) 
 ovuled ; stigmas emarginate. Fruit globose, subglabrate, 1| in. in diameter, succulent ; (seed 
 scarcely 1 in. long by f in. wide, transversely sulcate outside ; albumen ruminated). Fruiting 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 171 
 
 calyx | in. across, spreading, puberulous outside, with raised 4-sided thickened stellate border 
 inside; lobes wide, short, undulated. 
 
 Java, Blume! , Horsfield drawings n. 128 (part) in Hb. Kew. 
 
 20. DIOSPYROS DENSIFLORA, Wall. List, n. 4140 (182832). 
 
 D, foliis altemis, anguste ovalibus, utrinque obtusis, interdum subacutis, glabris, coriaceis, 
 supra nitidis venis inconspicuis, petiolatis; floribus cymosis, tetrameris, pubescentibus, calyce 
 profunde lobato, lobis margine refiends, corolld tubulosd, staminibus 15 16, antheris glabris, 
 filamentis brevissimis hirsutis; fructibus globosis, ferrugineo-pilosis, calyce fructifero plicato, 
 seminibus oblongis, transverse notatis, albumine ruminate (?). 
 
 Alph. DC. Prod. vin. p. 233. n. 56. (1844). 
 
 Branches glabrous terete. Leaves alternate, coriaceous, oval-oblong, glabrous, obtuse or 
 obtusely acuminate at apex, slightly narrowed at base, 4 Sin. long by 1J Sfin. wide; 
 petioles about ^ in. long, glabrous, strong, wrinkled ; midrib depressed and lateral veins 
 slightly raised on upper face. 
 
 <J . Cymes panicled, about 1 in. long, hairy, many-flowered with hairy bracts and short 
 pedicels ; flowers about in. long, tetramerous ; calyx in. long, hairy on both sides, 4- 
 partite, lobes ovate with reflexed sides; corolla cylindrical, hairy outside, glabrous inside, 
 4 times the length of the calyx; stamens 15 16, anthers glabrous, on very short hairy 
 filaments ; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 9. Cymes fin. long, puberulous, about 12-flowered, trichotomous ; pedicels longer than 
 the peduncle ; bracts lanceolate, at base of pedicels ; flowers 1 in. long. Fruit globose, | | in. 
 long, ferruginous-pilose ; seeds oblong, transversely scored, albumen ruminated (?). Fruiting 
 calyx 4-partite, the length of the fruit, puberulous, lobes much widened at base with 
 auricled imbricated bases forming 4 dependent processes, plicate ; pedicels | | in. long. 
 
 Moolmyne and Amherst, Wallich/; Martaban, Burma, below 500 feet alt., a small tree, 
 Dr Brandis ! 
 
 21. DIOSPYROS OOCARPA, Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PI. p. 180. n. 9 (1860). 
 
 D. foliis atternis, glabris, ovatis vel ovalibus, apice obtuse acuminatis, basi rotandatis 
 vel parum angustatis, tenuiter coriaceis, nervis inconspicuis; fioribus masculis, 3 7-nis, bre- 
 vissime cymosis, 3 4-merts, calyce subintegro, vel dentate', corollce prceftoratione irregulari, 
 staminibus 9 12, glabris; floribus femineis 1 S-nis, subsessilibus ; ovario 6 8-loculari ; 
 fructibus subglobosis vel oblongis, puberulis vel glabratis, rugoso-areolatis, albumine non rumi- 
 nato ; calyce fructifero vix aucto, 
 
 D. Arnottiana, Miq. (in PI. Ind. Or. Hohenacker, n. 562!) ex Thw. I.e. p. 423 (1864). 
 
 Ceylon name Kaloo-kadoombaireya-gass. 
 
 A moderate-sized tree; young shoots pubescent or puberulous, quickly glabrescent. 
 Leaves alternate, glabrous, ovate or oval, obtusely acuminate at apex, more or less rounded 
 
 222 
 
172 ME HTERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 towards base, inconspicuously veined with midrib canaliculate above, thinly coriaceous 2 4 J in. 
 long by 1 2 in. wide ; petioles f in. long. 
 
 J. Flowers 3 7 together, arranged in dense axillary fulvous-silky cymes equalling 
 or falling short of the petioles, with very short pedicels and rounded concave bracts. Calyx 
 Jin. long, tubular, subentire or 3 4 dentate (or even 3 4-fid), glabrous inside. Corolla 
 f^in. long, 3 4-fid, with obtuse lobes, one of which is completely enclosed by the others 
 in bud, the other lobes imbricating sometimes dextrorsely and at other times sinistrorsely. 
 Stamens 9 12, alternately in pairs and single, glabrous, inserted at the base of corolla- 
 tube or some hypogynous ; the outer ones of the pairs the longer ; anthers shorter than 
 the longer filaments (at least in bud) ; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 ?. Flowers 1 3 together, scarcely longer than the male; ovary 6 8-celled. Fruit 
 egg-shaped when ripe, cylindrical when young, scattered with short appressed ferruginous 
 hairs, glabrescent, l^in. long by fin. thick when ripe, rugoso- or sub-verrucose, resting at 
 base on scarcely increased calyx, solitary, 2-or more-celled, "usually 6-seeded." Seeds with 
 albumen not ruminated. 
 
 Ceylon, Thwaites! C. P. 1914; Concan, Dalzell! ; Bababoodun Hills, Mysore, Mr Law! 
 
 22. DIOSPY.ROS TETJNCATA, Zoll. et Mor. in Moritzi, Systemat. Verzeichn. Javan. 
 
 Pflnzn. p. 43. n. 1156 (1846). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovali-oblongis, apice obtuse acuminatis, basi cuneatis, gldbris, tenuiter 
 coriaceis, breviter petiolatis, marginibus revolutis; floribus masculis 2 8-nis in alis siib- 
 sessilibus vel brevissime cymosis, gldbris; calyce tubuloso subintegro, corollce lobis acuminatis, 
 staminibus 11 14, glabris ; floribus femineis 1 2-nis, brevissime pedunculatis, tetrameris; 
 calycis lobis latissimis retusis reflexis ; corollce lobis acutis, patentibus ; staminodiis 8 10 ; 
 stylis 4; fructibus 8-locularibus, glabris. 
 
 D. laxa, Teijsmann et Binnendijk, PI. n. h. Bogor. in Kruidk. Arch. in. p. 406 (1855). 
 D. melanoxylon, Blume ! Bijdr. Fl. "Ned. Ind. p. 669 (1825), non Roxb. 
 
 A tree with terminal buds slightly hairy; branches glabrous, terete, lax, widely spreading 
 and forming a beautiful crown or top. Leaves oval-oblong, obtusely acuminate at apex, 
 attenuate or narrowed at base, thinly coriaceous, with margins more or less reflexed, midrib 
 depressed above, and delicate not contiguous lateral veins inconspicuously raised on both 
 sides; of a yellowish green colour, alternate, glabrous, 3 6 in. long by 1 2 in. wide; petioles 
 i in. long. 
 
 <? . Flowers 2 4 8 together on very short axillary somewhat pubescent cymes, glabrous, 
 yellowish green, slender, J^ in. long ; bracts small, pubescent ; pedicels very short. Calyx 
 tubular, somewhat inflated in middle, 4-toothed at apex, ^ in. long by in. thick ; corolla 
 tubular, narrowly conical in bud, 4-fid (?), with acuminate lobes; stamens 11 12 14, glabrous, 
 at base of corolla or on disk ; filaments short ; ovary obsolete. 
 
 9 . Flowers 1 2 together, ^ J in. long, on peduncles about ^ in. long, axillary, as 
 long as the petioles. Bracts caducous. Calyx glabrous with 4 very wide retuse reflexed 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 173 
 
 (short?) lobes; corolla twice the length of the calyx, 4-fid, with acute, patent, pale-yellow, 
 lobes white at the base ; staminodes 8 10 ; styles 4 connate at the base. Fruit glabrous, 
 8-celled, in. thick, globose, shining ; fruiting calyx forming a shallow 4-cornered cup for 
 base of fruit, with 4 reflexed undulate-plicate retuse lobes ; in. in diameter. 
 
 According to Moritzi this tree resembles D. Ebenum, Linn, fil., and has even in the 
 young twigs indications of black wood which becomes quite black in the older branches. 
 The male flowers open in March. 
 
 In woods. Java. De Vriese! $ fl. ; Zollinger! n. 1156; Dr Horsfield! Ebenaceae, n. 4, 
 in fruit ; Binnendijk ! fl. ; Hasskarl ! ; Blume ! 
 
 23. DIOSPYROS HALESIOIDES, Grisebach Cat. PL Cubensium, p. 168. n. 2 (1866). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovato-ovalibus, apice acutatis, basi obtuse cuneatis, subcoriaceis, pellu- 
 ddo-punctatis, subtus fulvo-velutinis, robuste venosis, suprd pubescerttibus ; floribus masculis in 
 cymis brevissimis axillaribus dispositis, 1 3-nw, velutinis, calyce breviter ^-fido campanulato, 
 corolld urceolato-oblongd, breviter 4>-fidd, lobis ovatis acuminatis, staminibus 12, glabris ; fruc- 
 tibus solitariis, subsessilibus, depresso-globosis, ferrugineo-sericeis, 8-locularibus ; calyce fructi- 
 fero ampliato, lobis erecto-patentibus. 
 
 Terminal buds ferruginous-hairy; young shoots pubescent at apex, glabrescent shining 
 and terete below. Leaves alternate, somewhat obovate, acute and apiculate at apex, cuneate 
 to an obtuse base, subcoriaceous, fulvo-velutinous and conspicuously rich-veined beneath, 
 darker nearly glabrescent and nitescent above, except veins ; midrib depressed above ; 
 1 2 in. long by J 1| in. wide, pellucid-punctate; petioles ^ ^ in. long, ferruginous- 
 pubescent; bracts ovate, small, fulvo-pubescent. 
 
 $ . Flowers \ in. long, in (1 ) 3-flowered sessile or subsessile fulvous-hairy short cymes, 
 on short pedicels ; calyx campanulate, fulvo-velutinous, unequally 4-lobed, \ \ in. long ; lobes 
 deltoid, acute, less than half the length of the tube, unequal. Corolla hairy outside, glabrous 
 inside, campanulate-oblong, f J in. long, 4-fid ; lobes ovate-lanceolate. Stamens (11 ) 12, 
 glabrous, unequal, 8 in 2 rows opposite lobes of corolla, the inner 4 of which are on shorter 
 filaments than the outer 4 and inserted above them (or united with them in 4 pairs) and 
 4 alternate with the corolla-lobes, and inserted on corolla near its base ; filaments slender ; 
 ovary rudimentary, fulvoushairy. 
 
 <J. Flowers unknown. Fruit solitary, sessile, depresso-globose, 1 in. thick by fin. high, 
 ferruginous- silky, 8-celled; fruiting calyx accrescent, deeply 4-fid, somewhat spreading, 1| in. 
 across the top ; lobes J-ellipsoidal, with margins somewhat recurved ; albumen not ruminated. 
 
 Eastern Cuba, Wright/ 2936 <5 fl., 2937 in fruit. 
 
 24. DIOSPYROS BORNEENSIS, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis, apice breviter acuminatis, basi angustatis, subglabris, tenuiter 
 coriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus femineis secus ramos vetustos glomeratis, pedunculatis, 
 pubescentibus, calyce tubuloso subintegro, corolld 5-fidd, lobis ovalibus reflexis obtusis; stami- 
 nodiis 10, uniserialibus, glabris, basi corollce insertis ; stylo 4-/o6o; ovario conico, ferrugineo- 
 tomentoso, 8-loculari, loculis 1-ovulatis; fructibus magnis, globosis, tomentosis. 
 
174 MB HIEEN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 A tree ; wood yellow, tough and stringy with black streaks. Terminal buds ferruginous- 
 tomentose ; young shoots puberulous ; branches dark, glabrescent, terete. Leaves oblong, 
 alternate, thinly coriaceous, shortly acuminate at apex, somewhat narrowed at base, puberu- 
 lous when young, glabrescent, 5 6J in. long by 1| 2 in. wide, including petiole i J in. 
 long; canaliculate on upper side, midrib depressed above, lateral veins about 12 on each 
 side, distinct on under side, indistinct above, forming (by anastomosing) a marginal vein 
 clearly marked beneath ; tertiary veins oblique. 
 
 9 . Flowers clustered, greenish white, large, on distinct fulvo-tomentose peduncles $ f in. 
 long inserted on tubercles on older branches. Bracts small, obtuse, -^ ^TT m - l n g> a * base 
 of peduncles. Calyx about f in. long by J in. thick, finely fulvo-tomentose outside, appress- 
 edly silky inside, tubular, irregularly and shallowly toothed at apex. Corolla about 8 in. 
 long when straightened, nearly glabrous but with ciliate margins to the lobes, 5-fid ; lobes 
 oval, imbricated, reflexed. Staminodes 10, glabrous, in one row, inserted at base of corolla. 
 Style 4-lobed; ovary conical, ferruginous-tomentose, 8-celled; cells 1-ovuled; dissepiments thin. 
 Fruit large, with a sweet black pulp, globose, fulvo-tomentose, crowned with short style, 
 surrounded half-way up by burst calyx. 
 
 Native name malam kuning. Tamgong Vinbong, Labuan, rather uncommon, Mr Motley ! 7. 
 
 25. DlOSPYROS BATOCANA, sp. HOV. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, utrinque rotundatis, coriaceis, glabris, supra nitentibus, subtus 
 pallidis albidis, margine refiexo, nervis tenuibus, petiolis rugosis ; floribus masculis sessilibus 
 glomeratis secus ramos annotinos in nodulis dispositis, pentameris, fuligineo-hispidis; calyce 
 apice lobato, corolld crassd, avoided; staminibus circiter 12, glabris, inosqualibus, ovarii rudi- 
 mento hispido. 
 
 A large bush, quite or nearly glabrous except the buds and inflorescence; branches 
 nigro-cinereous, spreading at about 45. Leaves alternate, oblong-elliptical, shining above, 
 whitish beneath, firmly coriaceous, glabrous or with a few minute black setae beneath, more 
 or less rounded at both ends, with reflexed margins and veins in delicate relief on both 
 sides, 2 2| in. long by | 1 in. wide ; petioles J in. long, thick, angular, obliquely and 
 in other directions wrinkled, often twisted or recurved. 
 
 <J. Inflorescence arranged on nodules, covered with fuliginous and ferruginous hispid 
 hairs, on the branches of previous season ; flowers sessile, several together, clustered ; bracts 
 at base^ of calyx ; calyx fuliginous and ferruginous-hispid on both sides, 5-lobed at apex ; 
 corolla fuliginous-hispid outside, 5-fid, pale and glabrous inside, crass, ovoid; lobes imbri- 
 cated sinistrorsely, obtuse; stamens 12 16 (?), glabrous, unequal, on short filaments; ovary 
 wanting, represented by ferruginous hairs. 
 
 Tropical Africa, Setoka, " Mikumbo," Batoka country, Dr Kirk /, fruit eaten, <J fl. July. 
 
 26. DIOSPYROS QU^ESITA, Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PI. p. 179. n. 7 (1860). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ellipticis vel oblongis, apice breviter et abrupte acuminatis, obtusis, basi 
 parum angustatis, glabris, coriaceis, petiolatis, nervis reticulatis gracilibus; floribus masculis 
 3 9-nis, breviter cymosis, 4 o-meris, hirsutis, calyce tubuloso apice dentato; staminibus 16, 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACK-E. 175 
 
 glabris, ovarii rudimento hirsute ; floribus femineis solitariis, pedunculatis, pentameris, calyce 
 inter lobos marsupio-dilatato, lobis acutiusculis; fructibus subglobosis, externe rugosis, subgla- 
 bris, seminibus compressis, albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. (Pt. vn.) p. 26. t. 128 (1871). 
 
 A large tree, nearly glabrous except the buds and flowers ; branches terete, dark, spreading 
 at about 40. Leaves alternate, coriaceous, elliptical or oblong, abruptly and shortly acumi- 
 nate, somewhat narrowed at base, glabrous except a few scattered weak appressed hairs 
 beneath ; 3 7 in. long by 1J 3 in. wide, turning fuscous in drying, with petioles canalicu- 
 late and about in. long, midrib depressed on the upper surface, lateral veins numerous, not 
 conspicuous. 
 
 $ . Cymes 3 9-flowered, pilose, about equalling the petiole ; flowers (closed) | f in. 
 long. Calyx -^ in. long by -^ in. wide, obscurely 4 5-lobed at apex, pubescent, tubular, 
 somewhat inflated about middle; lobes depresso-deltoid ; corolla about Jin. long (closed), 
 oblong, clothed outside with subferrugiuous felt, 4 5-lobed; lobes ovate, about ths depth 
 of corolla-tube ; stamens 16, hypogynous, glabrous, not united in pairs, in. long ; anthers 
 longer than the filaments; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 ? . Flowers solitary, pentamerous ; corolla shortly 5-lobed ; fruiting calyx 5-fid, mar- 
 supio-dilatated with ovate cordate lobes having reflexed sides and base, hairy inside, 1 in. 
 across ; fruiting peduncle stout, patent, f in. long ; fruit subglobose, 2 in. in diameter (imma- 
 ture), rugose, nearly glabrous, 8-celled (?) ; seeds 1 in. long, shining, compressed ; albumen not 
 ruminated. 
 
 According to Dr Thwaites this tree is the true Calamander of the Cinghalese ; in Ceylon 
 it is called Kaloomidereya-gass. 
 
 Ceylon, Thwaites! C. P. 3010. 
 
 27. DlOSPYROS TOXICARIA, sp. nov. 
 
 T>. foliis alternis, elongato-ovatis, apice acuminatis, basi rotundis, glabris, nitentibus, 
 coriaceis, subtus reticulatis ; petiolis robustis ; floribus masculis ferrugineo-tomentosis, sessilibus, 
 aggregatis, e pulvino convexo surgentibus, bracteis basi obtectis, calyce apice lobato, corolld 
 breviter k-fidd, staminibus 11 13, glabris, ovarii rudimento dense piloso ; fructibus solitariis, 
 subsessilibus, ferrugineo-tomentosis, subglobosis, 8-locularibus ; calyce fructifero, cyathiformi, 
 breviter 4t-lobo, aucto. 
 
 A tree, 20 30 feet high, glabrous except the fruit and inflorescence, bark rather rough, 
 gum sometimes exudes from it. Leaves elongate-ovate, rounded at the base, acuminate 
 at the apex, alternate, coriaceous, shining, 2| 5 in. long (besides robust petiole about \ in. 
 long) by 1 2 in. wide, midrib depressed above, finely reticulated as in D. tessellaria. 
 
 $. Flowers 5 12 together sessile or axillary, very short ferruginous hairy dense 
 nodular cymes; bracts imbricated, unequal, ferrugineo-tomentose outside, nearly glabrous 
 inside, oval, some (outer ones) J in. long; buds ovoid, ferrugineo-tomentose, in. long; 
 calyx lobed at apex, hairy outside, glabrous inside. 'Corolla shortly 4-fid, hairy outside, 
 glabrous inside. Stamens 11 13, glabrous; ovary wanting ; receptacle hairy. Native names 
 
176 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 Sifatatu, Alacainisi. Madagascar, Tranomaro, sands near the sea, July 1862, Dr Heller I 
 Natives say that birds die soon after eating the fruit. 
 
 9 . Bracts caducous, imbricated. Fruit solitary, ferruginous-tomentose, subsessile ; young 
 fruit scarcely the length of the accrescent calyx, ovoid or subglobose, \ in. high, umbilicate- 
 depressed at apex, 8-celled, 8-ovuled; pericarp thick; fruiting calyx ferruginous-tomentose on 
 both sides, cup-shaped, shortly 4-lobed. Native name Vorongi. Madagascar, Tranomaro, 
 July 1862, Dr Heller I 
 
 The following may belong to this species: 
 
 (1) Specimen with ovoid fruit ferruginous-tomentose 2 in. high, fruiting calyx 1J in. 
 across appressed to base of fruit, leaves 4J 6 in. long by 1| 2J in. wide; Madagascar, 
 Lastelle! 1841, seen in the Paris Museum. 
 
 (2) Fruit nearly 1 in. long, rufous-tomentose. Fruiting calyx spreading in. across; 
 Madagascar, Chapelier! Seen in the Paris Museum. 
 
 (3) Fruit IJin. long by 1J in. thick, ferruginous-tomentose, 8-celled; fruiting calyx 
 spreading. Without leaves. Said to come from S. Africa, but probably this is a mistake; 
 Gerard ! n. 190, seen at the Kew Museum. 
 
 28. DIOSPYROS TESSELLARIA, Poir. in Enclyc. Me*th. V. p. 430. n. 6 (1804). 
 
 D, ramulis fusco-cinereis ; foliis alternis, ovalibus vel ovatis, apice rotundatis, basi 
 rotundis, glabris, nitentibus, coriaceis, tenuiter reticulatis, petiolatis ; floribus masculis sessilibus, 
 scepius aggregatis, e pulvino convexo ferrugineo piloso surgentibus, tetrameris, tomentosis, 
 bracteis imbricatis ovato-rotundatis extus sericeis intus glabris ; calyce apice lobato, staminibus 
 12 13, glabris; floribus femineis aggregatis, tetrameris; fructibus subglobosis, ferrugineo- 
 sericeis vel subglabratis, 8-locularibus, edulibus. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 225. n. 12 (1844). 
 
 Ebenus tessellaria, Commers. ex Poir. I. c. 
 
 D. Ebenum, Poir. 1. c. p. 429. n. 4, non Koenig. 
 
 D. reticulata, Willd. sp. pi. iv. p. 1109, n. 6 (1805), Alph. DC. I, c. n. 11 excl. $ timoriana, 
 non Decaisne. 
 
 A tree or shrub with dark-cinereous glabrous branches. Leaves alternate, oral or 
 ovate, rounded at both ends, especially at base, where they are sometimes slightly cordate, 
 glabrous, coriaceous, shining, finely reticulated, 3 6 in. long by 1J 3 in. wide; margins 
 slightly reflexed; petioles stout, J J in. long. Flowers densely clustered, sessile, arising 
 from lateral nodules on the young branches, fulvo-sericeous, tetramerous; calyx tubular, 
 lobed at the apex, ^ \ in. long; <J. stamens 12 13, glabrous, mostly in pairs, inserted on 
 the receptacle. Fruit globular or ellipsoidal, 8-celled, nearly glabrate or sericeous, edible, 
 8-celled ; fruiting calyx hemispherical or rarely flat, thickly coriaceous, sericeous, lobes 
 short, rounded. Wood valuable ; this species probably yields the ebony of Mauritius. 
 
 Mauritius, in the forests of the highest parts of the island, BoutonI ; Ayres!, Telfair!; 
 shrub 6 8 feet high, fruit good to eat, sweet, fruiting calyx flat, Bouton! 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^}, 177 
 
 D. rubra, Gaertn. fil. Fruct. et Sem. PL m. p. 138. t. 208 (1805), differs by a flat 
 5-lobed fruiting calyx and 10-celled fruit; it may however belong to Z>. tessettaria, Poir. 
 or if not to D. chrysophyllos, Poir. 
 
 29. DlQSPYEOS HAPLOSTYLIS, Boiv. MSS. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, apice anguste acuminatis, basi angustatis, C3riaceis, nitidis, 
 snbglabris, subtus tenuiter reticulatis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis 3 6-nis, brevissime 
 cymosis vel aggregatis, ferrugineo-sericeis, 4 5-meris, calyce breviter lobato, staminibus 1012, 
 glabris, biserialibus ; floribiis femineis solitariis, brevissime pedunculatis, ferrugineo-sericeis; 
 4 5-meris, staminodiis 4, glabris, ovario sericeo, depressoglob&so, 8-loculari, stylo apice 
 4<-lobo; fructibus subglobosis, glabrescentibus, 8-locularibus. 
 
 A shrub of 12 feet or an erect tree 22 feet high or more ; heart-wood black, very- 
 hard ; young parts puberulous ; branches glabrescerit, terete, subcinereous, smooth. Leaves 
 alternate, oval, narrowly acuminate at apex, somewhat narrowed at base, coriaceous, glabrous 
 with depressed midrib above, highly and minutely reticular beneath with scattered appressed 
 inconspicuous hairs, somewhat undulated, 2 3| in. long by 1 If in. wide; petioles \ in. 
 long. 
 
 <J . Flowers clustered, 3 6 together, subsessile on young branches, ferruginous-pubescent, 
 I in. long by in. thick; bracts caducous, smaller than the flowers; calyx hairy on both 
 sides, in. long by in. thick, lobes 4, erect, deltoid, one-third the depth of the calyxj 
 corolla hairy outside, glabrous inside, lobes one-third the length of the corolla ; stamens 
 10, 12, glabrous, hypogynous, biseriate, nearly equal, | | in. long, anthers -fa i n . long, 
 linear; ovary rudimentary, ferruginous-sericeous. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, ferruginous-sericeous, nearly in. long, very shortly pedunculate ; 
 calyx -f s in. long by in? thick, campanulate, lobes 4 5, ovate deltoid, one-third depth 
 of calyx; corolla 4-fid, lobes somewhat spreading; staminodes 4> glabrous, short, alternate 
 with corolla-lobes ; ovary densely sericeous, fleshy, depresso-globose, ^ in. high by in. 
 thick, 8-celled, terminated at apex by style; style -^ in. long, 4-lobed at apex. Fruit 
 ferruginous-sericeous when young, glabrescent, subglobose, 1J in. long by 1 in. thick, 
 8-celled ; cells 1-seeded ; fruiting peduncle ^ in. long, sericeous ; fruiting calyx in, long 
 and wide, hairy on both sides, campanulate or nearly flat, spreading. 
 
 Madagascar, Nossi Be, Boivin! 2108 bis, PervilUl 439> 505; mountains at Diego, 
 Suares, Bernier! 259 (excL fr.J. 
 
 '-""-.. . . - - .> .. 
 
 30. DIOSPYROS MELANIBA, Poir. in Encycl. Me'th. v. p. 431. n. 7 (1804). 
 
 Z>. foliis alternis, avalibus, utrinque rotundatis vel obtuse angustatis, glabris, coriaceis, 
 petiolatis, mediocriter reticulatis ; flonbus masculis 1 3-m's, aggregatis, sessilibus, 5 6-meris, 
 calyce subglabro apice lobato, corolla 5 6-fidd, extus sericed, staminibus 22 24, glabris, basi 
 corollce insertis ; fioribus femineis solitariis, fructibus subglobosis, sessilibus, IQ-locularibus, 
 calyce fructifero aucto, 5 Q-lobo, tubo concava, lobis recurvis scepe undulatis ; seminibus oblongis, 
 albumine cavtilagineo t non ruminato. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART L 23 
 
178 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 227. n. 22 (1844). 
 
 Ebenus melanida, Commers. ex Poir. I. c. 
 
 (?) D. pterocalyx, Boj. Hort. Maurit. p. 200. n. 7 (1837), Alph. DC. 1. c. p. 225. n. 141 
 
 A tree with glabrous stem and branches. Leaves alternate, oval, rounded or obtusely 
 narrowed at either end, glabrous, coriaceous, 1 8 in. long by 3 in. wide, petioles J J 
 in. long; margins slightly recurved, net-veins delicate, often coloured beneath. 
 
 <? . Flowers 1 3 together, sessile, 5 6-merous, \ in. long ; calyx tubular, cup-shaped, 
 $in. long, subentire or 5 6-lobed at apex, subglabrous; corolla 5 6-fid, silky outside, 
 glabrous inside, lobes oval, rounded, spreading and reflexed ; stamens 22 24, glabrous, inserted 
 at the base of the corolla ; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 5 . Flowers solitary. Fruit sessile, subglobose, as large as a moderate-sized apple, 
 glabrous, shining, 10-celled, surrounded one-third way up by tube of calyx which has 5 6 
 wide reflexed and often undulated lobes. Seeds oblong, albumen not ruminated. 
 
 Mauritius, Bouton ! The following localities are less certain ; Bourbon, Richard!, 
 Boivin!; Round Island, Mauritius, Sir H. Barklyl; Rodriguez, Bouton I 
 
 31. DIOSPYEOS NODOSA, Poir. Encycl. Me*th. V. p. 432 n. 9. (1804). 
 
 D. foliis ovalibus vel oblongis, alternis, utrinque rotundatis vel obtuse angustatis, glabris, 
 coriaceis, petiolatis, mediocriter reticulatis ; floribus masculis 1 3-nis, subsessilibus, scepius 
 5-meris, calyce glabro, apice lobato, staminibus 20 32, glabris ; floribus femineis solitariis, 
 
 subsessilibus, staminodiis 12, ovario hirsute, stylo 5-lobo ; fructibus subglobosis, glabratis, calyce 
 
 fructifero aucto, tubo cyathiformi, lobis erectis. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 226. n. 18 (1844). 
 
 D. angulata, Poir. I.e. p. 434. n. 16, Alph. DC. I.e. p. 226. n. 16. 
 
 D. mauritiana, Alph. DC. I.e. p. 226. n. 15 (1844). 
 
 D. macrocalyx, Alph. DC. I.e. p. 226. n. 17, non Kl. 
 
 (?)Z>. capensis, Alph. DC.! I.e. p. 226. n. 19. 
 
 (i)D. Neraudii, Alph. DC. I.e. p. 227. n. 23. 
 
 (?) D. Boutoniana, Alph. DC. 1. c. p. 236. n. 72. 
 
 A glabrous shrub or tree ; branches especially of the male plants often nodose at 
 the inflorescence. Leaves oval or oblong, alternate, more or less rounded at both ends 
 or occasionally cuneate at base, coriaceous, 1 6 in. long by 1 3 in. wide; petioles \ fin. 
 long. 
 
 <J. Flowers axillary, subsessile, about 1 3 together; calyx glabrous or glabrescent, 
 subtruncate or shortly 4 6- usually 5-lobed at apex, cup-shaped, about J in. long ; corolla 
 about J in. long, sericeous outside, glabrous inside, deeply 4 6- usually 5-lobed ; lobes oval, 
 spreading; stamens 20 32, glabrous, hypogynous or inserted at the base of the corolla, 
 somewhat combined at base; filaments short; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, axillary, subsessile ; bracts imbricated, caducous ; calyx shortly 
 5-lobed, nearly glabrous, cup-shaped; corolla short; staminodes 12, separate, inserted at base 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 179 
 
 of corolla ; ovary hairy ; style 5-lobed. Fruit globular or ovoid, glabrate, 1 J 2 in. high, 
 resting at base on cup-shaped nearly glabrous calyx which in some cases reaches half-way 
 up the fruit and has erect lobes. 
 
 Mauritius, Boivin!, Gardner!, Duportf, Commerson!, 299, 301. Madagascar, Boivin! 
 
 D. capensis, Alph. DC. is reported from the Cape of Good Hope, probably by mistake. 
 
 Perhaps ought to be united to D. melanida, Poir. 
 
 32. DIOSPYROS ANON^EFOLIA, Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 227. n. 21 (1844). 
 
 D. foliis elliptico-oblongis, alternis, obtusis, basi subacutis, glabris, submembranaceis, petio- 
 latis ; floribus masculis aggregatis, subsessilibus, calyce elongato-cyathiformi, basi acuto, glabro, 
 obscure 5-lobo ; corolld profunde 5-Jidd, extus sericed ; staminibus 20 24, geminatis, glabris, 
 corollce basi insertis. 
 
 Branches and buds glabrous. Leaves alternate, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, glabrous, submem- 
 branous, subacute at the base, 5 7 in. long by 2 Sin. wide, paler beneath; petioles in. 
 long. 
 
 (J. Flowers fascicled, 5 15 together, subsessile; bracts ovate, glabrous, caducous; calyx 
 elongate, cup-shaped, acute at the base, smooth, glabrous, obscurely 5-lobed at the apex, 
 Jin. long; corolla deeply 5-lobed, silky outside, rather longer than the calyx. Stamens 
 20 24, united in pairs at base, glabrous, inserted at base of corolla. 
 
 Mauritius (or Bourbon ?) ex Alph. DC. I. c. 
 
 Perhaps ought to be united to D. nodosa or to D. melanida or to both. 
 
 33. DIOSPYROS LEUCOMELAS, Poir. Encycl. Me"th. v. p. 432. n. 8 (1804). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus vel orbicularibus, apice rotundis, basi cordatis, subamplexi- 
 caulibus, coriaceis, glabris, nitidis, subsessilibus ; floribus dicecis, 1 3-nis, axillaribus, sessi- 
 libus, 6 5-meris ; calyce tubuloso-campanulato, apice lobato, extus sericeo; corolld profunde 
 lobatd ; staminibus 30 40, glabris, receptaculo insertis; fructibus solitariis, glabris, calyce 
 cyathiformi duplo et ultra longioribus, 8 \Z-locularibus. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 236. n. 70 (1844). 
 
 Ebenus leucomelas, Commers. MSS. n. 149 Ic. ex Poir. I. c. 
 
 Diospyros reticulata, Sieb. ! PI. Maurit. n. 1 14. non Willd. nee Decaisne. 
 
 Diospyros amplexicaulis, Lindl. et Paxt. ! Flower Garden, II. p. 11. n. 271. fig. 139 (1851). 
 
 Diospyros Commersoni, Gaertn. fil. Carp. in. p. 136. t. 208 (1805). 
 
 D. melanida, Neraud ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 236. n. 70 (1844), non Poir. 
 
 Cfr. D. Hebenaster, Gaertn. Fruct. et Sem. Plant. II. p. 478. t. 179. f. 9 (1791), non 
 D. Ebenaster, Ketz. 
 
 A lofty tree with white wood but with black lines in the heart; trunk with a dark 
 bark, much branched ; branches glabrous, pale-cinereous, spreading at about 40. Leaves 
 oval or orbicular, alternate, subsessile, cordate at base, rounded at apex, subamplexicaul, 
 coriaceous, quite glabrous and shining; often marked by coloured net-veins and occasionally 
 
 232 
 
180 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^.: 
 
 by black blotches; 2 5 Jin. long by 1J 3fin, wide; petioles -^ in. long. Bracts -im- 
 bricated, subtomentose with grey hair, rounded, -j^in. high by Jin. wide, surrounding the 
 base of the calyx. 
 
 <?. Flowers 1 or few together, axillary on young shoots or clustered on the shoots 
 of previous season, sessile; calyx tubular, somewhat campanulate, with usually 6 short teeth 
 at apex, covered outside with short brown or cinereous tomentum, J | in. high ; corolla 
 campanulate, 6 5-lobed, shortly ferruginous-sericeous outside, glabrous inside ; tube \ ^ in. 
 long ; lobes J in. long, spreading and recurved at extremities. Stamens 30 40, glabrous, 
 inserted on the receptacle, nearly equal ; anthers linear \ in. long ; filaments about -^ in. 
 long, often somewhat combined at base ; ovary only represented by a trace of hair. 
 
 9. Flowers arranged as in <J. Fruit sessile, solitary, on branches deprived of their 
 leaves (in the dry state), very glutinous, ex Poiret, glabrous ex Alph. DC., depresso-globose', 
 umbilicate at the apex, about 1 in. high by 1J in. thick, 8 12-celled ; fruit-calyx cup 1 
 shaped, about \ the height of the fruit which it receives, 6-lobed at apex, coriaceous; seeds 
 cinereous, f in. long ; albumen not ruminated, white. 
 
 Mauritius, Commerson ! ; Sieber ! 114; on the crest of the mountain to the left of 
 the second Fenetre, above the French fort, Sept. $ fl., Ayres ! ; in forests on mountains 
 at Savane and at Trois Hots, Fl. May, Dec. Ayres MSS. ; a specimen from Round Island 
 near Mauritius without flower or fruit by Sir H, Barkly / probably belongs to this species ; 
 Madagascar, Gaertner, Chapelierl 
 
 34. DIOSPYROS CHRYSOPHYLLOS, Poir. Encycl. Meth. V. p. 433, n. 12 (1804). 
 
 D. ramulis flexuosis, foliis lanceolato-ollongis, apice utrinque obtuse angustatis, glabris^ 
 coriaceis, petiolatis ; Jloribus diceeis, 1 -3-nis, snbsessilibus, 5 4-mem, axillaribus ; calyce 
 cyathiformi, extus pubescente, apice lobato, corolld, profunde lobatd, staminibus 11 15, glabris 
 ovario' in floribus femineis glabro, W-loculari, stylis 5 ; fructibus solitariis, globosis, mtidis* 
 7 \Q-locularibus, calyce fructifero subtrwncato, pateriformi. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. yili. p. 225. n. 13 (1844). 
 
 A shrub or tree with glabrous flexuous branches, subscandent (?). Leaves lanceolate-oblong 
 somewhat narrowed at base, usually more or less narrowed towards apex, obtuse, 2|-^5| in. 
 long by f 1| in. wide, besides petiole ^ ^ in. long ; somewhat paler and brilliant beneath 
 (golden-coloured) ; coriaceous, margins reflexed. Flowers subsessile, axillary, pentamerous or 
 tetramerous. Calyx ferruginous-pubescent outside, cup-shaped, dentate at apex. Corolla 
 ferruginous-sericeous outside, deeply lobed. 
 
 <J. Flowers 1 3 together. Stamens 11 15. 
 
 9. Flowers solitary, more than fin. long. Calyx -^ in, long; lobes ^in. deep, widely 
 ovate, wavy at margins, obtuse ; tube very crass especially at base, felted outside, glabrous 
 and shining inside. Corolla with 5 short imbricated rounded lobes, constricted at top of 
 calyx, hairy outside in upper part, often remaining at top of young fruit. Staminodes 9, 
 glabrous. Ovary glabrous but surrounded at base with a ring of hairs, 10-celled; styles 5, 
 sericeous at base ; stigmas lobed at apex. Fruit glabrous, globose about 1 in. in diameter, 
 shining, green, 7 10-celled. Fruiting calyx subtruncate, | in. across at top, glabrescent. 
 
 Mauritius, Bojer !, Gardner/, Boutoni, Commerson! 
 
-MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 181 
 
 35. DIOSPYROS SENENSIS, Klotzsch in Peters Mossamb. i. p. 183 (1862). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovato-oblongis, a/pice breviter acuminatis vel rofamdatis, busi cwneatis 
 vel subrotuiuLatis, submembranaceis, subtus Jlavido-pubescentibus, breviter petiolatis; floribus 
 1 5-nis, breviter cymosis, aodllaribus, tetrameris, pedicellis brevissimis ; calyce anguste tubu- 
 loso, apice lobato, corolld 4>-fidd, staminibus 16, geminatis, glabris; in fiore femineo stamino-: 
 diis 0, ovario glabro(1), 8-loculari ; ,fructibus solitariis, glabris, 2 8-locularibus. 
 
 A shrub from 10 feet high to a tree 30 feet; occasionally subhermaphrodite or polygamous; 
 branches terete, pale-cinereous or smooth and reddish; young shoots softly flavido-pubescent. 
 Leaves membranous, alternate, obovate-oblong, suddenly narrowed or acuminate or occasionally 
 rounded at apex, cuneate or nearly rounded at base, subglabrescent and deep green above 
 with depressed midrib, somewhat flavido-pubescent or subglabrescent beneath, 2 7J in. 
 long x 1 3 in. wide, besides hairy petiole T \j J in. long. Inflorescence axillary, in short 
 1 5-flowered cymes, flavido-pubescent, with small caducous bracts, at base of very short 
 pedicels; flowers greenish-yellow, fragrant; $ peduncles not exceeding \ in. long. 
 
 <J. Calyx \ I'- long by -fa in. thick, tubular, subtruncate or with 4 short rounded 
 -lobes at apex, flavido-pubescent outside and hairy inside. Flowers greenish-yellow, fragrant. 
 Corolla tubular, about twice the length of the calyx, 4-fid, glabrous, except 4 hairy lines 
 down the middle of the lobes; lobes oblong, obtuse; stamens 16, glabrous, in pairs, partly 
 inserted at base of corolla and partly hypogynous; ovary usually rudimentary or wanting, 
 occasionally 5-celled in subhermaphrodite flowers. 
 
 ? . Flowers shorter than in (J ; staminodes ; ovary glabrous (?), 8-celled ; calyx hairy 
 on both sides. Fruit solitary, glabrous, but hairy around base of style, acorn-shaped, 1 in. 
 long by | in. thick; half inclosed in subtruncate calyx, 2 4 8-celled, not eaten (Dr. 
 Kirk); style making a short conical projection; fruiting calyx shortly pubescent especially 
 inside; albumen horny; seeds with green vittse on surface (Kirk); cotyledons cordate, 
 acute, foliaceous. . 
 
 Tropical Africa, Mozambique, Rios de Sena, Dr. Peters!; Lower Shire Valley, Dr. 
 Kirk! 6 fl. January; Lupata, Dr. Kirk!, young fruit, January ; Forest below Strigogo, 
 left bank of Zambezi, Dr. KirkJ, fruit, April; North of Shire, Banks of Zambezi, Dr. 
 Mellerf <$, fl. January; Abbeokuta, Dr. Irving! 141; Abbeokuta &c., Niger expedition, 
 Barter! 290, 3251, 3390; Eppah, Barter! 3250 (peduncles 1 -flowered, -fa ^ in. long, in bud). 
 
 36. DIOSPYROS ROTUNDIFOLIA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovato-rotundis, utrinque rotwndatis, glabris, coriaceis, breviter petiolatis, 
 margins revolutis, nervis subtus inconspicuis ; floribus solitariis, axillaribus, glabris, dicecis, 
 breviter pedunculatis ; calyce apice 5-lobo ; corolld o-fidd ; staminibus 30, glabris, receptaculo 
 insertis ; fructibua globosis, apice umbilicatis, nitidis, uncialibus, 8-locularibus (?); calyce 
 fructifero aucto, apice 5-lobo, plicato, pateriformi. 
 
 Young parts puberulous; branches pale-cinereous. Leaves obovate-rotund, alternate, 
 coriaceous, with recurved margins in the dry state, rounded at both ends, | 1 in. long 
 .by -^5 1 \ in. wide, besides petioles -fa in. long, glabrous; veins inconspicuous beneath. 
 
182 MB HIEKN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Peduncles axillary, solitary, crowded in upper axils, puberulous, recurved, -jJj J in. long, 
 1-flowered; bracts caducous. 
 
 . Flowers glabrous, about in. long; calyx -$j-in. long, hemispherical-campanulate, 
 with 5 shallow apiculate lobes ; corolla 5-fid, with oval spreading lobes ; stamens in one 
 case 30 !, glabrous, nearly equal, inserted on the glabrous receptacle ; filaments short, straight ; 
 anthers about J in. long, 2-celled, dehiscing laterally from apex; ovary 0. 
 
 9 . Fruiting calyx accrescent, exceeding the young fruit, J in. high and broad, really 
 5-lobed at apex but apparently 5-fid by calyx being plicate and reflexed downwards and out- 
 wards into 5 sides; quasi-lobes broadly ovate dilated at base and plicate so as to make the 
 calyx 5-winged; styles 5, connate at base, -j^ in. long, glabrous; stigmas bifid; young fruit 
 depresso-globose, Jin. high, glabrous, 8?-celled; ripe fruit globose, umbilicate at apex, 
 shining, | 1 in. in diameter ; fruiting calyx pateriform, | 1 in. across, -^ in. high, with 
 raised border above, plicate ; seeds compressed, | in. long by -fa in. wide. 
 
 S. Africa, Delagoa Bay, Forbes ! 34. 
 
 37. DIOSPYEOS ATTENUATA, Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PL p. 182. n. 18 (1860). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, anguste ovatis vel oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi cuneatis, tenuiter 
 coriaceis, glabratis, breviter petiolatis, creberrime venulosis; floribus masculis 3 10-nis, 
 subsessilibus, oblongis, 4 5-meris, staminibus 4 5 ; floribus femineis solitariis, ovario 4-Zo- 
 culari, fructibus ovoideo-conicis, acuminatis, subglabrescentibus, 2 S-spermis, albumine non 
 ruminato. 
 
 Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. (Part vn.) p. 28. t. 139 (1871). 
 
 A moderate-sized tree; young shoots appressedly puberulous, quickly glabrescent; leaves 
 alternate, narrowly ovate or oblong, acuminate at apex, more or less narrowed at base, 
 quickly glabrescent, thinly subcoriaceous, 2 4 in. long by f 1 in. wide; petioles j\ in. 
 long; midrib depressed above; net-veins very close together, in relief on both sides, delicate. 
 <J . Flowers clustered, 3 10 together, sessile or subsessile on in. long axillary 
 nodules, strigose with black and subferruginous mixed hairs, 4 5-merous; calyx -^ in. long, 
 4 5-fid, hairy on both sides, lobes narrowly deltoid. Corolla slender in bud, much ex- 
 ceeding the calyx, 4 5-lobed, 1^ in. long, lobes rather shorter than the tube; stamens 
 4 5, in one row, anthers glabrous, connective, prolonged at apex, filaments short, without 
 or with light brown hairs; ovary or rudimentary, conical, with light ferruginous hairs. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, sessile ; calyx J J in. long, lobes more or less reflexed at the 
 margin; corolla but little exceeding the calyx; staminodes 4 5; stigmas 2, short; ovary 
 hairy, 4-celled, ovoid; cells 1-ovuled. Fruit conical, with an ovoid base and acuminate 
 apex, pale, softly hairy or nearly glabrescent, 2 3-seeded; fruiting calyx loose, deeply 
 4 5-lobed, not accrescent ; seeds oblong, shining, acuminate ; albumen not ruminated. 
 Ceylon, Pasdoon Corle, Thwaites! C.P. 3478. 
 
 38. DIOSPYROS ACUTA, Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PL p. 182. n. 17 (1860). 
 
 D, foliis alternis, lanceolato-oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi subrotundatis, coriaceis, 
 glabris, robuste petiolatis, nervis inconspicuis ; floribus masculis aggregatis, sessilibus, 4 5- 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 183 
 
 meris, calycis lobis lanceolatis, staminibus 4 5; floribus femineis 1 4-m's; fructibiis ovoideis 
 acuminatis, 2 3-spermis, seminibus acuminatis, albumine non ruminato. 
 
 A moderate-sized tree, glabrous except the buds and inflorescence; branches terete. 
 Leaves alternate, lanceolate-oblong, acuminate at apex, more or less rounded towards base, 
 coriaceous, 5 12 in. long by 1J 4 in. wide, turning reddish beneath (when dry) ; petioles 
 | 1 in. long, stout, channelled above ; midrib depressed above; lateral veins inconspicuous. 
 Inflorescence appressedly fulvous-hairy, dioecious or sometimes monoecious, in which case the 
 female capitula are towards the top of the branches, and the male ones beneath. 
 
 <5 . Inflorescence dense, many-flowered, axillary, sessile ; calyx ^ in. long, 4 5-lobed 
 beyond the middle, lobes lanceolate, acute, hairy on both sides; corolla Jin. long, 4 5-fid; 
 stamens 4 5, short, glabrous; ovary rudimentary, very small. 
 
 J . Flowers 1 4 together ; calyx J r \ in. long, lobes more or less reflexed at the 
 margin; corolla about as long as the calyx; stigmas 2 3, ^ in. long, spathulate; 
 ovary 4- or 6-celled; fruit acuminate, 1J in. long, resting on a scarcely increased calyx, usually 
 2 3-seeded; seeds shining, oblong, acuminate, 1 in. long; albumen not ruminated. 
 
 Ceylon, Pasdoon Corle, Thwaitesf C. P. 3476. 
 
 39. DlOSPYROS TRICOLOR. 
 
 D. fruticosa, foliis alternis, ellipticis, utrinque obtusis, supra subglabris viridibus, subtus 
 albido-sericeis, costd ferrugineA; floribus axillaribus, sessilibus, 1 4>-nis, tetrameris, pubes- 
 centibus, calyce quadrifldo, corolld tubulosd, staminibus 6 8 vel pluribus, incequalibus ; floribus 
 femineis solitariis, staminodiis 7 8, ovario ovoideo, sericeo, in stylum subulatum attenuate; 
 fructibus subpyramidatis, glabr is, junior ibus k-locularibus ; seminibus 2 4. 
 
 Noltia tricolor, Schum. et Thonn. Plant. Guin. p. 189 (1827), in Kong. Danske Vidensk. 
 Sel. Phys. og Mathem. Skr. III. p. 209 (1828). 
 
 A much-branched shrub, 2 4 feet high ; branches terete, ferruginous-tomentose, diverg- 
 ing, sometimes flexuous, procumbent. Leaves alternate, distichous, elliptical, obtuse, nearly 
 rounded at base, with few lateral veins, green and glabrescent above, white-silky with the 
 midrib and margin often ferruginous beneath, 1 Sin. long by | 2 in. wide, the young 
 ones silvery-silky on both sides ; petioles ^ in. long, tomentose. Flowers solitary or 3 4 
 together, axillary, sessile. 
 
 . Calyx 4-fid, lobes acute, silky-tomentose, ferruginous ; corolla tubular, 3 times the 
 length of the calyx, scarcely dilated below, sub-4-lobed, subcoriaceous, " red," silky outside, 
 in. long ; lobes acute, erect, inflexed at the margin ; filaments 6 " 8 or more, unequal, 
 4 often double the length of the rest, half the length of the corolla, pubescent below, 
 inserted on the receptacle, either distinct or 2 3 together at the base," anthers subulate, 
 erect ; ovary rudimentary. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary ; corolla rather inflated at the base ; staminodes 7 8, distinct ; 
 ovary ovoid, silky, attenuated into a subulate style ; stigma acute ; fruit conical-oblong and 
 ferruginous-silky when young, afterwards conical, obsoletely tetragonal, yellow, quite glabrous, 
 1 in. long by in. wide, 1-celled, 4-seeded ; seeds oblong ; pulp sweetish ; calyx of young 
 
184 MR HIERN, ON 
 
 fruit i in. high, 4-fid with acutely deltoid lobes, erect; young fruit 4-celled, 2 cells of which 
 are each 1 -seeded. 
 
 Local name, Aumbce. West tropical Africa, Guinea, Thonning ! , common in the vicinity 
 'of the shore ; Cape Coast, Brass ! 
 
 I have without doubt referred this plant to Diospyros, thus following the suggestions 
 of Messrs Bentham and Planchon. See Niger Flora p. 442 (1849) and Annal. Sc. Nat., ser. 
 IV. vol. 3. p. 293 (1855). 
 
 Plate V. fig. 1. A fruiting branch, from Brass' specimen in Hb. Mus. Brit, natural size. 
 
 40. DIOSPYROS FULIGINEA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis ovali-oblongis, apice anguste et valde acuminatis^ basi scepius rotundatis, glabris vel 
 subtus subglabris, coviaceis, costd superne depressd, venis inconspicuis, margine tenuiter revoluto, 
 petiolo tereti, robusto, fiasco; fructibus ternis, 8-locularibus, 8-spermis, in cymis disiinctis 
 axillaribus fuligineo-hispidis dispositis ; calyce fructifero aperte campanulato, 4 fido, fuligineo- 
 hispido, lobis deltoideis> erecto-patentibus, non plicatis. 
 
 Branches cinereous, scattered more or less with .small fuliginous spots, gtabrescent; young 
 shoots fuliginous-hispidulous ; leaves alternate, oval-oblong, narrowly and usually suddenly 
 acuminate at apex, usually rounded at base, glabrous or scattered with short appressed 
 inconspicuous hairs beneath, coriaceous, 4| 7 in. long by 1J 2| in. wide, midrib depressed 
 above, veins inconspicuous, margin finely revolute; petioles stout, terete, YuscoUs, with short 
 dark hairs, \ in. long. 
 
 9. Cymes many-flowered (?), fuliginous-hispid, fin. long exclusive of the- flowers, bearing 
 in one case 3 fuliginous-hispid fruits with firm pedicels | in. long; young fruit globose, 
 with conical apex, exceeding the calyx, 8-celled, 8-seeded ; fruiting calyx widely campanulate, 
 about i in. in diameter, 4-tid, thickly coriaceous, not plicate ; lobes deltoid, spreading. 
 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 2486. 
 
 41. DIOSPYROS BRANDISIANA, Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. vol. XL. Pt. n. p. 72. 
 
 n. 93 (1871). 
 
 D. foliis ovalibus, alternis, apice acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel acutis, chartaceis, adnltis 
 glabris vel secus costas sparse appresse hirsutis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus cymosis e ramis 
 ortis vel axillaribus, 5 4-mms, calyce o-fdo, lobis lineari-lanceolatis, acutis, corolld 5-fidd, 
 lobis obtusis, staminibus circiter 16,. filamentis brevissimis, pubescentibus, antheris glabris; 
 in floribus femineis staminodiis 5, ovario dense fulvo-pubescente, 10-loculari, fructu imrnatura 
 ovoideo, acuminato. 
 
 Flora, 1871, p. 342. 
 
 A tree with young parts shortly pubescent. Leaves alternate, oblong- to elliptic-oblong 
 and oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, rounded or acute at base, entire, chartaceous, 4 6-^-8 in. 
 long, the adult ones glabrous pr usually sparsely and appressedly hirsute on the midrib; petioles 
 ^ in. long, puberulous, somewhat depressed above. Flowers ^ & m - l n g ^ n ^e bud, 
 pentamerous or tetramerous, in rather dense much-branched minutely-bracteated black-brown 
 cymes springing from the branches or axillary ; pedicels ^5 J in. long, afterwards elongated' 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACEJE. 185 
 
 tomentose ] bracts minute, oblong-lanceolate, tomentose ; calyx covered with slight black or 
 dark brown tomentum, ^ in. long, deeply lobed, lobes linear-lanceolate, acute; corolla- 
 tube appressedly pubescent, ^in, long, rather widened towards the base and commonly 
 5-sided, lobes equalling the tube, oblong, obtuse. 
 
 (J. Stamens 14 16 ; filaments very short, pubescent; anthers linear, mucronulate, glabrous. 
 Receptacle hairy, 
 
 2 . Staminodes 5 ; ovary densely fulvo-pubescent, 10-celled, terminated by the rather 
 long simple crass style. Very young fruit, ovoid-conical, acuminate, shortly pubescent. 
 
 Burma, Martaban, Dombamee forests, Dr Brandis ! 
 
 42. DIOSPYROS SUBACUTA, sp, nov. 
 
 D. fruticosa, foliis ovato-oblongis, distichis, apice acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel subcor- 
 datis, sub-glabris, margine subciliatis, nitidis, snbsessilibus, nervis inconspicuis ; fructibus soli- 
 tariis, axillaribus, oblongis, apice conicis, appresse pubescentibus, pedunculatis ; calyce fructifero 
 4>-Jido, pateriformi, pubescente. 
 
 Shrub ; young parts rufous-pilose-hispid with scattered hairs ; branches dark, terete, 
 glabrescent. Leaves ovate-oblong, distichous, subcoriaceous, glabrous or nearly so and shining, 
 acuminate at apex, rounded or subcordate at base, subsessile, rich brown beneath in the 
 dry state, darker above with elevated midrib ; veins inconspicuous ; 1 3 in. long by | 1 in. 
 wide, spreading ; petioles ^ fa in. long, thick, dark, subpilose ; margins of leaves subciliate 
 with pilose long hairs. 
 
 9 . Fruit solitary, axillary, f in. long by ^ in. thick, oblong, conical at apex, covered 
 with short appressed brown pubescence, with several (?) cells ; flowering peduncles ^ in. (or 
 more?) erect-patent, rough; bracts caducous; fruiting calyx 4-fid, pubescent, Jin. across by 
 in. high, shallowly cup-shaped. 
 
 Madagascar, S!f Marie, Boimn! 
 
 43. DIOSPYROS PRURIENS, Dalz. in Kew Journ. Bot. vol. iv. p. 110. n. 2 (1852). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovali-oblongis, apice breviter acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel subcordatis, 
 tenuiter coriaceis, supra nervo excepto subglabrescentibus, subtus prcesertim secus nervos 
 piloso-hirsutis, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis axillaribus, pedunculis confertis, 1 2- 
 floris, calyce 4>-partito, utrinque piloso, corolld profunde 4t-fidd, extus sericed, lobis obtusis, 
 gtaminibus 13 14, glabris, hypoyynis; floribus femineis 4 5-meris, staminodiis 4 5, 
 glabris, ovario ferrugineo-hispido, 4-loculari, loculis \-ovnlallis; fructibus piloso-prurientibiis, 
 ovoideo-conicis, 4*-locularibus, loculis 1-spermis. 
 
 Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. (Pt. vn.) p. 26. t. 129 (1871) ; (?) Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PL p. 423, 
 (1864). 
 
 Young shoots, peduncles, petioles and underside of leaves, especially on the veins, softly 
 pilose-hirsute, fulvous; branches terete, dark, glabrescent. Leaves oval-oblong; shortly and 
 usually obtusely acuminate at apex, rounded or subcordate at base, thinly subcoriaceous, 
 alternate, 2 4 in. long by | If in. wide, with petiole -^ in. long, subglabrescent above, 
 except the depressed midrib; lateral veins not strong. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 24 
 

 186 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 <J . Peduncles near together in the upper axils, ^ in. long, 1- or 2-flowered ; 
 flowers Jin. long or more; bracts rounded, caducous, glabrous inside; calyx Jin. long, 
 4-partite, fulvo-pilose on both sides, lobes linear-oblong, lax; corolla appressedly sericeous 
 outside, glabrous inside, f in. long, deeply 4-fid, constricted at top of tube, lobes ovate- 
 oblong, obtuse, imbricated sinistrorsely. Stamens 13 14, glabrous, unequal, hypogynous, 
 connate at base, shorter than the corolla-tube, surrounding the hairy rudiment of the 
 ovary; filaments about as long as the anthers. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, crowded in the upper axils on peduncles -^ m - l n g 5 calyx 
 J in. long with oblong spreading lobes, hairy on both sides, 4 5-partite; corolla f in. long, 
 4-fid, constricted about middle ; staminodes 5 (in one case), inserted at base of corolla, 
 glabrous, linear; ovary ferruginous-hispid, 4-celled, cells 1-ovuled; styles 2, short, almost 
 concealed by the long hairs on the ovary, glabrous, bifid at apex. Fruit ovoid-conical, 
 | 1 in. long, 4-celled, 4-seeded, densely clothed with fulvous stinging hairs. Fruiting 
 calyx spreading or reflexed, not accrescent. 
 
 Bombay, Chorla Ghaut, Dr Ritchie! 1833 ; Dalzell! ; Bababoodun hills, Mysore, Mr 
 Law!; (?) Ceylon, Safiragam district, 2000 ft. alt., Dr Thwaites, C.P. 2836. 
 
 44. DlOSPYROS APICULATA, Sp. nOV. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis, apice acute acuminatis, basi cordatis, tenuiter coriaceis, supra 
 glabrescentibiis, subtus prcesertim secus nervos hispidis, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis 
 sub-3-nis, subsessilibu&, axillaribus; calyce 4 5-partito, piloso-pubescente, corolla tubulosd, glabrd, 
 4<-lobd, staminibus 6 7 vel 12, incequalibus, glabris, ovarii rudimento hirsuto ; floribus femineis 
 1 S-nis, brevissime cymosis ; fructibus solitariis, subsessilibus, ferrugineo-setosis, ovoideo- 
 conicis, apice apiculatis, 4-locularibus ; albumine seminum non ruminato. 
 
 A tree with slender stem, about _4 feet high in the specimen seen; young parts 
 ferruginous-hispid. Leaves oblong, alternate, thinly subcoriaceous, much acuminate at apex, 
 cordate at base, hispid beneath, especially on the clearly marked veins, glabrescent above, 
 with depressed midrib, of the same colour on both sides except the hairs, 4 7J in. long 
 by 1| 2f in. wide, margins just reflexed; petioles ^5 ^ in. long, hispid. Bracts finely hispid. 
 
 <J. Flowers about 3 together, subsessile, axillary, -^ in. long; calyx 4 5-partite, 
 about | in. long, pilose-pubescent on both sides except near the base inside, lobes lanceolate- 
 linear; corolla glabrous, f in. long, tubular, 4-lobed, lobes spreading, oval, obtusely pointed 
 at apex, contorted sinistrorsely in bud, -j^ in. long; stamens glabrous, 6 7 or 12, unequal, 
 anthers linear-oblong, pointed at apex; filaments often geniculate, dilated and connate at 
 base, inserted in a very short tube at the very base of the corolla; ovary rudimentary, 
 small, hairy. 
 
 2 . Flowers 1 3 together, on very short axillary finely hispid cymes. Fruit solitary, 
 subsessile, finely ferruginous-setose especially upwards but not densely so and subglabrescent 
 in lower part, ovoid-conical, about 1 in. long by | | in. wide, apiculate at apex, ovoid at 
 base, with indications inside of 4 cells, terminated by 2 (?) adjacent styles; seeds 4 (?), 
 in. long; albumem somewhat farinaceous (in dry state), not ruminated. 
 
 Penang, Goot hill, Dr Maingay! no. 1514, 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 187 
 
 45. DIOSPYROS BARTERI, sp. nov. 
 
 D. fruticosa, foliis alternis, ovali-ovatis, apice apiculatis acuminatis, basi cordatis, firmiter 
 membranaceis, supra nervo excepto glabris, subtus pallidis hispido-sericeis prcesertim secus 
 nervos, breviter petiolatis; floribus femineis solitariis, subsessilibus, hispidis, calyce 4 5- 
 partito, lobis lineari-lanceolatis, corolla extus hispidd, o-fidd, lobis acutis, staminodiis 11, brevibus, 
 uniserialibus, pilosis, ovario glabro (apice excepto), 4i-loculari, loculis 1-ovulatis; /ructions 
 comet's, acuminatis, glabris sed apice hirsutis, seminibus oblongis, albumine non ruminato. 
 
 A shrub with young shoots rufous-hispid or afterwards fuscous-hispid; older branches 
 dark, terete, glabrate, spreading at about 50. Leaves alternate, oval-ovate, acuminate, apiculate, 
 at base cordate, firmly membranous, dark green and glabrous except the depressed midrib 
 and with depressed veins above; paler with hispid-pilose ferruginous hairs, especially on 
 the veins beneath, 2 Sin. long by 1 1J in. wide; petioles hispid, ^ \ in. long. 
 
 ? . Flowers solitary, subsessile, axillary, with narrow rufous-hispid-pilose caducous 
 bracts. Calyx \ in. long, rufous-hispid-pilose, 4 5-partite with linear-lanceolate lobes 
 somewhat spreading in flower and sub-horizontal not accrescent in fruit; hispid inside. 
 Corolla conical in bud, as long as the calyx, ferruginous-hispid outside, glabrous inside, o-fid, 
 lobes acute, imbricated. Staminodes 11, short, in one row, distinct (except 1 pair), 
 pilose. Pistil conical; ovary glabrous except apex, 4-celled, cells 1-ovuled ; styles 2, bilobed 
 at apex, pilose below, as long as the young ovary. Fruit oblong-conical, 1J in. long, 
 glabrous (except apex), shining, with shortly ferruginous-pubescent remains of styles, 2-celled; 
 cells 1-seeded; seeds in. long; albumen not ruminated. 
 
 W. Africa, Guinea, Lagos. Niger Expedition. Barter! 20194. 
 
 46. DIOSPYROS MICKORHOMBUS, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis distichis, rhomboideo-ovalibus, ad apicem emarginatum angustatis, basi cuneatis, 
 interdum sub-obliquis, subglabris, coriaceis, subsessilibus; jloribus femineis solitariis, graciliter 
 pedunculatis, glabris, calyce profunde 4<-lobo, lobis rotundatis, erecto-patentibus, corolld breviter 
 4-fidd, staminodiis 4, glabris, corollas basi insertis, ovario glabro, ovoideo-conico, 8-loculari. 
 
 Of a dark colour when dry; branches covered with short patent pale pubescence, terete; 
 wood very good. Leaves subsessile, distichous, rhomboid-oval, narrowed to an emarginate apex, 
 cuneate at base and sometimes slightly oblique, glabrous or very nearly so, coriaceous, in. 
 long by J in. wide, dark slatish green above, brownish beneath ; veins indistinct. 
 
 $. Flowers solitary, on long slender glabrous peduncles which measure J f in. long 
 and bear appressed oblong glabrous bracts about middle and near base; flowers ^ in. long, 
 glabrous; calyx in. long, deeply 4-lobed; lobe J-oval, ^ in. wide, rounded, erect-patent; 
 corolla erect, in. high, glabrous, 4-sided and shortly 4-fid ; staminodes 4, glabrous, alternate 
 with the lobes of the corolla and inserted at its base; ovary glabrous, 8-celled, ovoid-conical, 
 terminated at apex by a 4-lobed conical style; divisions of the style emarginate at apex. 
 
 "Ebenier de Madagascar, son bois est superbe; lies de France et Bourbon," Hb. Mus. 
 Paris.! 
 
 242 
 
188 MB HIERN, ON EBGENACE^l. 
 
 47. DIOSPYROS FOLTOLOSA, Wall. List IK 414? (182832). 
 
 D. glabra, foliis alternis, oblongo-lanceolatis, apice attenuato-acuminatis, basi oibtusis, 
 nitidis, tenuiter coriaceis, reticulatis, petiolatis ; floribus masculis laxe cymosis, ovoideis, tetra- 
 meris, calyce parvo, corolla ovoideo-urceolatd, breviter lobatd, staminibus 12 16, geminatis, 
 connectivo et filamentis leviter pubescentibus, ovarii rudimento acuminato ; Jloribus femineis 
 solitariis t axillaribus, pedunculatis, 4- rarius 3-meris, staminodiis nullis, stigmatibus 4 3, 
 sessilibus, ovario 4t-loculari, locubis 1-ovulatis; fructibus globosis, junioribus pubescenti-squa- 
 mosis, senioribus glabratis ; calyse fructifero fructum eequantibus ml eaicedentibws, lobis cordato- 
 ovatis, foliaceis, nervosis. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. viil. p. 234. n.. 58 (1844). 
 
 Diospyros calycina, Bedd., Ann.. Rep. Forests, Madras Pres. for 1867 68, p. 26 (1868), 
 Flora Sylvatica, Madras, t. 68 (1870), Ic. PI. Ind. Or. (Part vii.) p. 25. t. 123 (1871), non 
 Audib. 
 
 D. auriculata, Wight! (MS. in Hb. Kew), Hb. Wight!,. Kew List n. 1716, non Stiehler. 
 
 A good sized tree, glabrous in all parts except the stamens ovary and young fruit. 
 Leaves alternate, oblong-lanceolate, thinly coriaceous, attenuate-acuminate at apex, narrowed 
 or rounded at base, shining, green on both sides, 2 4J in. long by \ \\ in. wide, mid- 
 rib depressed on upper side ; net-veins delicate in relief on both sides \ petioles \ \ in. long. 
 
 <J . Cymes axillary, lax, about half the length of the leaves, 3 9-flowered ; flowers \ in. 
 long, ovoid ; calyx small, about ^ in. high by \ in. across, 4-fid, with deltoid or ovate lobes ; 
 corolla urceolate, often gibbous at base, 4-fid, bright yellow in colour, much contracted at 
 the top of the tube, lobes short, pointed, spreading ; stamens 12 16, inserted on the recep- 
 tacle and united in pairs by their short compressed more or less hairy filaments; anthers 
 equal, lanceolate, dehiscing from the base, converging at the apex above the rudimentary 
 5-lobed ovary which terminates with a long acumen ; connective somewhat hairy. 
 
 $ . Flowers solitary, axillary, on peduncles | 1 in. long ; calyx with 4 or rarely 3 cordate 
 imbricated veined accrescent partitions ; corolla urceolate, gibbous ; tube nearly globose, lobes 
 4 or rarely 3, short, reflexed ; staminodes ; stigmas 4 or 3, sessile ; ovary 4-celled ; cells 
 1-ovuled. Fruit globose, covered when young with hairlike scales, glabrescent, f in. in 
 diameter ; fruiting calyx about as long as the fruit or longer, sometimes 1 in. long, some- 
 what glandular at base within around base of fruit; lobes cordate-ovate, foliaceous. 
 
 Very abundant in the ghat forests from bottom to 3000ft. alt. in the Tinnevelly 
 district and southern portions of Madura; it is called Vellay Toveray, and yields a valuable 
 light-coloured wood, Beddome ; Courtallum, Wallich! 
 
 48. DIOSPYROS PILOSULA, Wall. List. n. 4132 (182832). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovato-oblongis vel anguste ellipticis, apice acitminatis, basi obtusis, 
 tenuiter coriaceis, supra glabris, nitidis, subtus secus neruos pubescentibus, petiolatis; jloribus 
 masculis pedunculatis, staminibus 12, glabris, mcequalibus ; jloribus femineis aolitariis, pedun- 
 
MR HIKRN, ON EBENACILE. 189 
 
 culatis, calyce 4<-partito, lobis lanceolatis acutis, staminodiis 0, ovaria rufo-hispido, ^-loculari, 
 local is 1-ovulatis. 
 
 Gunisanikus pilosuhia, Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 220 (1844). 
 
 A tree or shrub ; branches terete, fulvo-pubescent when young, afterwards glabrescent 
 and cinereous. Leaves narrowly elliptical or obovate-oblong, acuminate at apex, somewhat 
 narrowed at base, alternate, thinly coriaceous, glabrous and shining above with depressed 
 midrib, appressedly pubescent beneath and ciliate when young, glabrescent except the 
 veins beneath, 3 4^ in. long by 1 lin. wide; petioles about Jin. long, pubescent when 
 young; lateral veins not conspicuous. 
 
 <$ . Flowers on the young shoots, tetramerous, pilose, about | in. long, on slender 
 peduncles about J in. long ; calyx in. long, lobes deep lanceolate acute lax ; corolla rather 
 slender, tube tapering upwards i J in. long, lobes lanceolate acute rather longer than the 
 tube, at length spreading; stamens 12, glabrous, very unequal, -fo ^ in. high, inserted on 
 the receptacle, filaments often geniculate, anthers about ^ in. long. 
 
 V . Flowers solitary, on the young shoots, rather slender; peduncles ^ |in. long, pubescent, 
 articulated at the apex to the flower, without bracts, tapering downwards in fruit; calyx of 
 the young fruit 4-partite, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, lobes lanceolate, ^ Jin. long, 
 spreading, acute ; corolla deeply 4-fid, silky outside, tube cylindrical, narrowed upwards, 
 shorter than the calyx, lobes acute ; young fruit rufous-hispid, 4-celled ; staminodes ; style 
 very short, covered by the hairs of the ovary ; stigmas 2, glabrous ; ovary 4-celled, cells 
 1-ovuled. 
 
 Among the mountains of Silhet, Wallichl; Pegu, Dr BrandisI, local name Gjut. 
 
 49. DIOSPYROS SUBERIFOLIA, Decaisne MSS. in Hb. Mus. Paris. 
 
 D. foliis altemis, ovalibus vel obovato-oblongis, apice rotundatis emarginatis vel apicidatis, 
 basi obtusis, subtus subtomentosis, margine minute repando-crenulatis, subsessilibus ; floribus 
 masculis pubescentibus, pedunculis axillaribus, 1 2-nis, \-floris, basi e bractearum nidulo ex- 
 orientibus, calyce 5-partito, corolld urceolatd, breviter 3 6-dentatd, staminibus circiter 20, antheris 
 hispidulis, filamentis glabris, ovarii rudimento hirsute. 
 
 Stems dark-cinereous, rough, glabrescent, softly subtomentose when young. Leaves oval 
 or obovate-oblong, alternate, coriaceous, subsessile, softly sub-tomentose at least beneath, 
 slightly convex from above, rounded emarginate or apiculate at apex, rounded or somewhat 
 narrowed at base, margins minutely repand-crenulate, 1 3 in. long by J l|in. wide, net- 
 veins not very conspicuous ; petioles very short. 
 
 <? . Flowers pedunculate, axillary ; peduncles solitary or 2 together, arising from a nest 
 of bracts at base, pubescent, J in. long or more ; calyx 5-partite, pubescent outside, glabrous 
 inside, ^ in. long, lobes ovate ;. corolla urceolate, shortly or irregularly 5 6-lobed, puberulous 
 outside, glabrous inside, -$jin. long; stamens 21 (one of which is very thin) in one case, 
 inserted on the receptacle 'or some at the very base of the corolla, some in pairs ; anthers 
 hispidulous upwards, lanceolate-linear, apiculate ; filaments very short, slender, glabrous ; ovary 
 rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 Cultivated in. hort. Paris.!; supposed to have been, brought from Chili. 
 
190 ME HIEEN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 ,.'."vr.'::;: . 
 
 50. DIOSPYROS SQUAEROSA, Klotzsch in Peters Mossamb. I. p. 184 (1862). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, utrinque rotundatis vel obtusis, tenuiter coriaceis, breviter 
 pubescentibus prcesertim secus nervos vel subglabrescentibus, petiolatis; floribus femineis axil- 
 laribus, solitariis, pedunculatis, tetrameris; calyce profunde 4<-fido, corolld b-partitd, parti- 
 tionibus obtusis, patentibus, subglabris, staminodiis 0, ovario subgloboso, glabro, 8-loculari; 
 stylis 4, bifidis ; fructibus subglobosis nitidis, calycis fructiferi lobis dependentibus, seminibus 
 compressis. 
 
 A tree, or much branched shrub, with young shoots delicately hispid, virgate ; branches 
 glabrescent, terete, spreading at about 80. Leaves elliptical or somewhat obovate, alternate, 
 thinly coriaceous, rounded at both ends or sometimes narrowed; with scattered patent pubescence 
 or subglabrescent, subnitescent above ; paler, with patent pubescence, rufous and denser on 
 midrib and lateral veins beneath; patent, delicately reticulated, \\ 3 in. long by | 2 in. 
 wide ; petiole -fa J in long, pubescent 
 
 9 . Flowers axillary, solitary, drooping, tetramerous ; peduncles recurved, J J in. long, 
 patently pubescent; bracts caducous, at about middle of peduncle, lanceolate, -$7 in. long; 
 calyx covered with short appressed tawny hairs on both sides, loosely hemispherical, J in. 
 long, with 4 deep oval or ovate lobes ; corolla 4-partite, openly cup-shaped or rotate nearly 
 glabrous, but with scattered pale appressed hairs along middle of lobes ; lobes reflexed, about 
 \ in. long, obtuse ; stamens ; ovary glabrous, somewhat 4-sided, -fa in. high, 8-celled, cells 
 1-ovuled; styles 4, glabrous, bifid to about middle, not persistent on fruit; fruit glabrous, 
 somewhat 4-sidedly globular, about in. high ; fruiting calyx with pendent lobes, not accrescent. 
 
 Africa, K. Zambezi at Senna (left bank), and Rivoque near Tette, January, in ? flower 
 and fruit, local name " Mutshenje tuna tuna," Sechuana dialect, Dr Kirk !; Sena, Dr 
 Peters !, in hedges near water-courses. 
 
 51. DIOSPYROS PANICULATA, Dalz. in Kew Journ. Bot. iv. p. 109. n. 1 (1852), Bedd. Ic. 
 PL Ind. Or. (Pt. vil.) p. 25. t. 125 (1871). 
 
 D. foliis oblongis, alternis, utrinque obtusis, glabris, subcoriaceis vel submembranaceis, 
 reticulatis, petiolatis ; floribus masculis numerosis paniculatis pentameris fuligineo-pubescentibus, 
 calycis lobis foliaceis reticulato-venosis, staminibus 20 geminatis glabris ; floribus femineis 
 solitariis. pedunculatis pentameris; fructibus ovoideis glanduloso-hirsutis, 4i-locularibus, calyce 
 aucto plicato. 
 
 A middle-sized or large tree with glabrous somewhat angular branches. Leaves oblong, 
 alternate, thinly subcoriaceous or submembranous, narrowed rounded or obtusely acuminate 
 at apex, but little narrowed at base, highly reticulated, with veins, except the midrib, in 
 relief on both sides, 4 9 in. long by 1 3| in. wide ; petioles J in long ; net-veins 
 pellucid when young. 
 
 . Cymes paniculate, many-flowered, in axils of fallen leaves, pubescent with fuliginous 
 hairs, 1 1 in. long ; flowers f J in long. Calyx 5-partite shortly nigro-puberulous on both 
 sides, J in. long, lobes foliaceous, widely oval, obtuse, net-veined, with a callous internal keel 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 191 
 
 and margins widely reflexed. Corolla pentagonal, fuliginous-hairy outside, glabrous inside, 5-fid, 
 constricted in the middle ; lobes oval, spreading in flower or reflexed. Stamens 20, glabrous, in 
 pairs, the inner ones rather shorter, inserted on the disk or on the corolla ; filaments short ; 
 ovary 0. 
 
 9 . Fruit solitary, axillary, on strong peduncles | f in. long, erect-patent ; bracts 
 caducous, large, ovate, about middle of peduncle; calyx glabrescent ; fruit ovoid, f IJin. 
 long, rounded at apex, tipped with remains of style, with mixed fuliginous and ferruginous 
 hairs and glands, 3 4-celled ; fruiting calyx 5-lobed, accrescent, 5-partite, J f in. high, more 
 or less plicate, umbilicate below, lobes much widened auricled and imbricated at base, forming 
 5 dependent processes. 
 
 Tallewarru, Canara Ghauts, Dr Ritchie ! 1884, a large tree in fruit, May ; Syhadree 
 mountains, near Chorla Ghat, Bombay, Dalzell! 2 3000 ft. alt.; Anamallays, Major Beddomef 
 285 (young fruit 4-celled, cells 1-ovuled or -seeded, style ^ in. long, glabrous above, lobed 
 at apex). 
 
 52. DIOSPYEOS GRACILIPES, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus vel ovatis, apice scepi-its acuminatis, obtusis, basi angustatis, 
 glabris, coriaceis, reticulatis, breviter petiolatis; floribus femineis lateralibus, secus ramos 
 vetustiores vel ramulos dispositis, tetrameris, pedunculis gracilibus, aggregates, \-floris, calyce 
 4>-Jido, pubescente, ovario breviter pubescente, 8-loculari ; fructibus oblongis obtusis, calyce fructi- 
 fero aucto patente coriaceo. 
 
 From a shrub 10 feet high to a large tree, glabrous except the extremities and inflo- 
 rescence ; branches at 25 35. Leaves alternate, oval ovate or nearly oblong, obtuse, 
 usually acuminate at the apex, more or less narrowed at base, glabrous, coriaceous, of 
 the same (metallic) colour on both sides, reticulated, shining, 2 5 in. long ^ Sin. wide; 
 petioles -fa | in. long. 
 
 ? . Peduncles slender, on young branches or clustered on the old wood, 1 If in. long, 
 puberulous or glabrescent, 1-flowered, with small deciduous bracts below the middle ; calyx 
 in. long, coriaceous, covered on both sides with close pale tawny pubescence, deeply 
 4-fid, with ovate-deltoid lobes dilated towards the base undulating at the margin and shortly 
 acuminate ; ovary shortly hairy, ovoid-tetragonal, 8-celled, cells 1-ovuled ; styles 4, short ; 
 fruiting calyx spreading, with very short pubescence on both sides, whitened within, l 1| in. 
 across, 4-fid; fruit oblong, rounded at apex, ^in. long, ^in. thick, nearly glabrous, whitened 
 in parts, 8-celled. 
 
 Madagascar, Bojer! ; Forest Lomoume, Nossi Be, Perville'f 27-5; East side, Chapelier! 82; 
 native name Ozou-matana. 
 
 53. DIOSPYEOS GRACILIFLORA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis ovalibus, alternis, apice anguste acuminatis, subcaudatis, basi cimeatis, firmiter 
 submembranaceis, costd utrinque puberuld, ceterum glabris, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis 
 solitariis, gracillimis, gradllime pedunculatis, tetrameris ; staminibus S, glabris, ovarii mdimento 
 glabro. 
 
192 MB HIERN, ON EBENACEJS. 
 
 Branches slender, terete, puberulous, leafy ; leaves oval or somewhat obovate, alternate, 
 narrowly acuminate or subcaudate at apex, cuneate at base, shining, firmly submembranous, 
 glabrous except the midrib which is puberulous on both sides and depressed above, 1| 4| in. 
 long by | H in. wide; veins inconspicuous above, lateral veins few; petioles ^ j^in. 
 long, puberulous. 
 
 ,$ . Flowers solitary, very slender, f in. long, on very slender remotely setulose peduncles 
 J | in. long, which arise from small bracts on the young branches ; calyx ^ in. long, cam- 
 panulate, 4-fid, puberulous outside, glabrous inside, ciliate, lobes rounded; corolla narrowly 
 tubular (in bud), fin. long by -j^in. thick, deeply 4-fid, glabrous, somewhat constricted below 
 lobes ; lobes obtuse, much contorted ; stamens 8, biseriate, glabrous, unequal, anthers oblong, 
 filaments more or less connate at base into hypogynous ring ; ovary rudimentary, glabrous. 
 
 Borneo, 0, Beccari! n. 1560. 
 
 54. DIOSPTROS PERVILLEI, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis anguste ovalibus, alternis, apice acuminatis, basi cuneatis, glabris, coriaceis, 
 unicoloribus, petiolatis, nervis gracillimis ; fructibus 1 3-nis, rigide cymosis, subglobosis, 
 subglabris, nitidis, plurilocularibus, calyce aucto, reflexo, coriaceo, 4s-partito, nervoso. 
 
 A tree 40 feet high, very nearly glabrous in all its parts ; branches at about 50. 
 Leaves alternate, narrowly elliptical, acuminate at apex, narrowed at base, glabrous, coria- 
 ceous, of same (metallic) colour on both sides, shining, about 6 in. by 2 2f in. wide ; petioles 
 about in. long, strong ; veins numerous, slender. 
 
 9 . Cymes about 3-flowered, rigid in fruit, common peduncle \ f in. long, fruiting 
 pedicels \ \ in. long ; fruiting calyx 4-partite, coriaceous, veined, lobes reflexed, oblong, rounded 
 at apex, | 1 in. long by \ \ in. wide. Fruit subglobose, 1 in. long by f in. thick, nearly 
 glabrate but with a few scattered short appressed weak hairs, shining, with remains of 4 
 styles at apex, 8-celled and -seeded (?) ; seeds fin. long, albumen not ruminated (?). 
 
 Madagascar, Nossi Be, Perville ! 525. 
 
 55. DlOSPYROS DICTYONEURA, sp. nOV. 
 
 D. foliis ovali-oblongis, alternis, glabris, apice, acuminatis, basi parum angustatis vel sub- 
 rotundatis, coriaceis, utrinque reticulatis, nitentibus, petiolatis; floribus masculis pentameris, 
 cymosis; cymis uncialibus, multiftoris, axillaribus; calyce partito, basi plicato ; corolld tubulosd, 
 carnosd staminibus 20, plerisque binis, antheris linearibus glabris, filamentis brevibus hispidis. 
 
 Shoots terete, softly puberulous. Leaves alternate, oval-oblong, acuminate at apex, slightly 
 narrowed or slightly subrotundate at base, glabrous, coriaceous, shining, with raised well- 
 marked net-veins on both sides, 6 7 in. long by 2^ 2 in. wide ; midrib depressed above ; 
 margins recurved ; petioles stout, wrinkled, | J in. long. 
 
 <5. Cymes axillary, lin. long exclusive of the flowers, many-flowered, pubescent ; flowers 
 pubescent, pentamerous; calyx about fin. broad and high, partite, plicate at base, lobes ovate- 
 deltoid, sides sometimes plicate towards base, subobtuse, shortly pubescent on both sides; 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 193 
 
 corolla glabrous inside, in. long, shortly 5-fid, lobes rounded ; stamens 20, mostly in pairs, 
 subequal ; anthers linear glabrous, filaments very short, hispid, more or less combined at base. 
 Ovary rudimentary, represented by a bunch of hairs. 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari! 2542, 2615. 
 
 56. DlOSPYBOS ASTEROCALYX, Sp. nOV. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, apice breviter acuminatis, basi obtusis, glabris, coriaceis, subtus 
 conspicue reticulatis, petiolatis; floribus femineis racemosis tetrameris, racemis 5 7-floris, basi 
 bracteatis ; calyce profunde 4<-lobo, ferrugineo-velutino, stellate, lobis margine revolutis, corolla 
 urceolatd 4-jidd ; staminodiis 3 4,- ovario velutino, 8-loculari, loculis \-ovulatis. 
 
 Buds and inflorescence ferruginous-velutinous, in other parts glabrate ; leaves alternate, 
 oval, shortly acuminate at apex, obtuse at base, coriaceous, conspicuously net-veined beneath, 
 2| 7| in. long by 1 3^ in. wide; margins recurved; petioles J fin. long. 
 
 9 . Flowers racemose ; racemes 1 2 \ in. long, pedicels patent, unequal, ranging up to 
 ^ in. long, the lower ones the longer. Calyx thickly coriaceous, deeply 4-lobed, stellate, f | in. 
 in diameter ; lobes widely ovate but much revolute. Corolla widely urceolate, under in. 
 high, 4-fid, lobes hairy on both sides, obtuse ; staminodes 3 (in one case), glabrous, inserted at 
 base of corolla, alternate with its lobes. Ovary velutinous, ovoid, conical at apex, 8-celled, 
 cells 1-ovuled ; style very short, lobed at apex, velutinous ; stigmas glabrous. 
 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari I n. 2612. 
 
 57. DIOSPYROS HORSFIELDII, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus vel oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi subrotundatis vel obtusis, 
 glabrescentibus, tenuiter coriaceis, supra nitentibus depresso-venosis, subtus reticulatis, breviter 
 petiolatis; cymis later alibtts vel axillaribus, fuligineo-hispidis, calyce plicato, 4s-lol>o, cor olid 
 urceolatd 4:-lobd, staminibus 14 16 (in fl. fern. 12, sterilibus), antheris glabris, filamentis 
 hispidis, ovario in floribus femineis dense hispido, 8-loculari ; fructibus globosis. 
 
 Diospyros frutescens, Hasskarl, Plant. Javan. Rar. p. 467 (1848), non Blume. 
 
 Branches numerous, terete and glabrous, spreading at about 70, green when young, 
 afterwards turning black. Leaves oblong or elliptical, alternate, soon quite glabrous, acuminate 
 at apex, somewhat narrowed or nearly rounded at base, with veins plainly depressed on 
 upper surface and in conspicuous relief beneath, shining above, thinly coriaceous, 4 9J in. 
 long by If 4 in. wide ; petioles J J in. long. 
 
 <J. Cymes chiefly in the upper axils, fuliginous-hispid, bearing 3 5 flowers, drooping; 
 peduncles -^ f in. long ; pedicels ^ ^ in. long ; bracts oval, leaf-like ; flowers | J in. 
 long ; calyx ^ ^ in. long, 4-lobed, lobes ovate, plicate-connivent, thickened and fuliginous- 
 hispid on both sides over a lanceolate area proceeding from base to above the middle and 
 with broad membranous everted glabrous and green margins ; corolla urceolate, tetragonal, 
 fuliginous-hispid outside, straw-coloured and glabrous inside, 4-lobed, lobes ovate, rather obtuse, 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 25 
 
194 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 
 
 reflexed; stamens 14 16, inserted at the base of the corolla or on the disk, often in pairs 
 united by their short hairy filaments ; anthers glabrous ; ovary rudimentary, minute. 
 
 9 . Cymes corymbose, many-flowered, 1 3 in. long, frequently on older branches, 
 bracteate, fuliginous ; flowers f \ in. long ; calyx \ \ in. long, like ^ but occasionally 
 5-partite; corolla tetragonal, 4-partite ; staminodes 12, in one row, attached by their hairy 
 filaments to base of corolla, anthers glabrous ; styles 4, short, spreading ; ovary densely 
 hispid, with black and rufous mixed hairs, 8-celled ; cells 1-ovuled. Fruit globose, with 
 a central pit at apex around remains of styles, about \ f in. in diameter, black-hairy or 
 nearly glabrescent ; fruiting calyx reaching about \ in. up fruit, lobes auricled at base. 
 
 Malacca, Griffith! 3620; Java, Dr Hvrsfield ! Eben. 1 (1182) drawings n. 128 (pt.) in 
 Hb. Kew. ; Leschenault! 1669; Perrottet ! 
 
 58. DIOSPYROS BOIVINI, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovato-lanceolatis vel-oblongis, apice obtuse acuminatis, basi cordatis, sub- 
 glabris, subcoriaceis, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis laxe cymosis, tomentoso-pubescentibus, 
 tetrameris, calyce campanulato, corolla 4>-fidd, lobis late rotundatis, staminibus 12 14, glabris, 
 plerisque geminatis, ovarii rudimento pubescente. 
 
 Young branches and inflorescence ferruginous-pubescent ; shoots terete, shining, rather 
 dark. Leaves alternate, ovate-lanceolate or -oblong, rather obtusely acuminate at apex< 
 cordate at base, subcoriaceous, shining brown and nearly glabrous above with somewhat 
 sunken veins, rather paler and nearly glabrous beneath with somewhat ruddy raised mid- 
 rib and clear but not close net-veins, 2| 6J in. long by 1 2f in. wide ; petiole T J 2 J in. 
 long, thick, pubescent. 
 
 <J . Cymes lax, many-flowered, near ends of branches, \ 2 in. long, shortly hispid- 
 pubescent, ferruginous ; bracts lanceolate ; flowers campanulate, f in. long, in. wide, tetra- 
 merous, tomentose-pubescent ; calyx nearly | in. long, campanulate, shortly 4-lobed or 
 occasionally deeper, lobes depresso-deltoid, somewhat wavy ; pubescent on both sides ; corolla 
 just exceeding the calyx, 4-fid, ferruginous-velutinous outside, glabrous within, lobes widely 
 rounded, contorted sinistrorsely ; stamens (12 ex Baillon in note) 14! (in 2 flowers), glabrous, 
 mostly in pairs, nearly equal, inner ones rather shorter, \ in. long, anthers oblong-linear, 
 \ in. long, dehiscing laterally ; ovary rudimentary, pubescent. 
 
 Madagascar, Voyage of M. Boivin! 1847 1852. 
 
 59. DIOSPTROS LOUREIEIANA, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. iv. p. 39. n. 22 (1837). 
 
 1). foliis alternis, dblongis vel obovato-oblongis, apice plus minus acuminatis, basi rotun- 
 datis vel subcordatis, glabrescentibus, ciliatis, submembranaceis, supra saturate- subtus flaves- 
 centi-viridibus, petiolatis; pedunculis axillaribus sub-Z-floris, glanduloso-pubescentibus, pedicellis 
 basi bracteis foliaceis ovatis glandulosis deciduis suffultis ; calyce 4<-fido in fructu aucto, corolla 
 urceolatd 4<-lobd, staminibus 8 uniserialibus pilosis in fl. fern, effcetis, ovario in fl. fern. 8- 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 195 
 
 loculari, tomentello, stylis 4 ; fructibus globosis uncialibus, seminibus oblongis, albumine non 
 ruminato. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vni. p. 239. n. 95 (1844). 
 
 Diospyros Lotus, Lour. Fl. Cochin, p. 226. n. 1 (1790), non Linn, nee Blanco. 
 
 Diospyros macrocalyx, Klotzsch in Peters Mossamb. p. 182 1,1862), non Alph. DC. 
 
 A shrub 2 8ft. high or small tree with young parts and inflorescence glandular- 
 puberulous and with a few scattered pilose hairs. Leaves alternate, oblong or obovate- 
 oblong, submembranous, weakly pubescent on the veins and ciliate on the margins when 
 young, glabrescent, obtuse rounded or subcordate at base, more or less acuminate at apex, 
 1| to 4 in. long by | 2 T ^ in. wide, besides petiole -J fa in. long ; flowers subhermaphrodite 
 or polygamous, drooping ; calyx foliaceous. 
 
 <$ . Cymes 3- or few-flowered, glandular-hairy ; peduncles | ^ in. long, twice the length 
 of the pedicels, bearing ovate cordate sessile bracts at apex; flowers about in. long; calyx green, 
 about | in. long with 4 deltoid lobes about ^in. deep, glandular-pubescent (closed in specimen), 
 valvate in aestivation ; corolla deeply 4-lobed, somewhat pubescent outside, urceolate, white ; 
 lobes contorted in aestivation; stamens 8, in one row, inserted at base of corolla, subsessile, 
 pilose, lanceolate ; ovary ovoid-conical or subglobose, puberulous, abortive or 8 ? -celled, sur- 
 mounted by a 4-lobed style. 
 
 2 Cymes about 3- or many-flowered, about | 1 in. long, glandular-hairy ; peduncle about 
 \ in. long ; flowers like the <J ; staminodes 8, puberulous ; ovary globose, shortly tomentose, 
 8-celled, cells 1-ovuled ; styles 4, included in the corolla ; fruit globose, about 1 in. in dia- 
 meter, puberulous or glabrate, 4-celled, 4-seeded. Fruiting calyx accrescent, deeply 4-lobed, 
 more or less covering the fruit, about 1 in. long ; lobes ovate, subglabrate, dilated and widely 
 subcordate at base. Fruiting peduncle strong, \ | in. long ; pedicels about ^ in. long ; 
 seeds in. long, oblong, embryo \ in. long ; cotyledons narrow, rather longer than the radicle 5 
 albumen cartilaginous, not ruminated. 
 
 Local name in Sena (Mozambique) nhamodJma, according to Dr Klotzsch. The natives 
 use the roots to clean and dye their teeth red; fruits in January and February; grows 
 in the neighbourhood of Sena, Dr Peters ! ; Senna, Kirk ! ; Kovuma Kiver, Shiramba, Kirk ! ; 
 between Lupata and Tette, Kirk! ; Quiloa, Kirk! ; Congo, Burton! ; Angola, district Golungo 
 Alto, Welwitsch! No. 2535, frequent in thickets throughout the whole district, especially 
 in mountainous woods, fruit said to be edible ; var. vernalis, leaves f 2 in. long by | | in. 
 wide, flowers solitary on shorter peduncles, fruiting calyx smaller, less foliaceous, a shrub 
 2 6 ft. high, Angola, district Golungo Alto, Welwitsch 2535 b. The characters approach 
 those of the genus Royena. A specimen in the herbarium of the British Museum without 
 flowers from Sierra Leone gathered by Afzelius! may possibly belong to this species. 
 
 60. DIOSPYROS DENDO, Welw. MSS. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovali-oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi leviter angustatis, tenuiter coriaceis, 
 glabrescentibus, nitido-virentibus, persistentibus ; floribus brevissime cymosis, axillaribus, 5 6- 
 
 252 
 
196 MR HIEEN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 meris, dicecis, calyce campanulato, utrinque pubescente, $ 5 6-fido, 9 profunde lobato ; 
 corolld aperte campanulatd, glabrd, <? 5 Q-fidd, lobis reflexis, 9 profunde 5 6-fidd ; $ sta- 
 minibus 20 vel 24, exsertis, subcequalibus, geminatis, corollce media insertis, pubescentibus ; 
 9 staminodiis 0, ovario ovoideo, glabro, 4<-locularibus, loculis 1-ovulatis ; fructibus subglobosis, 
 glabris, 2-spermis ; seminibus sub-hemisphericis, albumine non ruminato ; calyce fructifero aucto, 
 patente. 
 
 Plate X. a. a male flowering branch, natural size. b. a male flower, magnified 3 dia- 
 meters, c. a male corolla laid open, shewing the stamens, magnified 3 diameters, d. a 
 pair of stamens, magnified 6 diameters, e. a female flowering branch, natural size. f. a 
 female flower, magnified 3 diameters, g. the same after the removal of the corolla, mag- 
 nified 3 diameters, h. a vertical section of the last, shewing ovules inside the ovary, 
 magnified 4 diameters, i. a fruiting branch, natural size. k. a fruit, natural size. I. m. 
 a seed, natural size. n. transverse section of a seed, natural size. o. embryo, magnified 
 6 diameters. 
 
 A tree 25 35 feet high, valuable as timber. Wood very black and hard in the centre. 
 Trunk 1 2 ft. in diameter. Branches terete, smooth, of dark brown colour, glabrescent ; 
 young parts shortly and closely fulvo-pubescent. Leaves alternate, elliptic-oblong, shortly and 
 obtusely acuminate at apex, slightly or scarcely narrowed at base, thinly coriaceous or sub- 
 membranous, darker above, shining, glabrescent or midrib and sometimes principal veins 
 puberulous on both sides, midrib depressed above; evergreen, 2 5 Jin. long by 1 2fin. 
 wide ; petioles ^ ^ in. long, puberulous ; principal lateral veins distant, clear and slender 
 beneath, inconspicuous above, arching; tertiary veins transverse, slender. Internodes much 
 shorter than the leaves. Inflorescence axillary or slightly supra-axillary, shortly and closely 
 fulvo-pubescent, in short clustered several-flowered cymes. Flowers 5 6-merous, dioecious ; 
 pedicels short. 
 
 <J . Flowers in. long ; calyx ^ in. long, campanulate, 5 6-fid, shortly pubescent on both 
 sides, lobes ovate ; corolla glabrous, 5 6-fid ; tube campanulate ; lobes | in. long, elliptical, 
 wholly reflexed, rounded at apex, contorted sinistrorsely in aestivation. Stamens 20, 24, ap- 
 pearing at the mouth of the open corolla, equal or subequal, biseriate, distinct, one pair 
 inserted alternate and another pair opposite to each corolla-lobe; inner series inserted slightly 
 below the outer about the middle of the corolla, that is, about the top of its tube; 
 anthers linear, erect, hairy, sessile or subsessile ; pollen globular, smooth. Ovary rudimentary, 
 glabrous. 
 
 2 . Flowers \ in. long. Calyx campanulate, deeply 5 6-lobed, shortly pubescent on both 
 sides ; lobes ovate-lanceolate ; accrescent in fruit. Corolla openly campanulate, glabrous or 
 nearly so, deeply 5 6-fid ; lobes oblong, erect or spreading, obtuse. Staminodes 0. Ovary 
 glabrous, obtusely conical, 4-celled, bilobed at apex ; cells 1-ovuled. Style ; stigmas 2, com- 
 pressed, with thin margins. Fruit subglobose, glabrous, about | in. in diameter, 2-seeded. Seeds 
 sub-hemispherical, ^ in. in diameter ; albumen white, not ruminated, cartilaginous ; embryo 
 axile, | in. long, nearly straight; radicle ^in. long, bent near upper end; cotyledons ovate, 
 equal, thin, not veined. Fruiting calyx spreading, 1 1| in. across, puberulous ; lobes ovate 
 or lanceolate, subobtuse. 
 
 See Welwitsch, Synopse das Amostras de Madeiras &c. p. 10 (1862). 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 197 
 
 W. Tropical Africa, Angola, Distr. Golunto Alto, frequent in dense primitive woods, 
 flowers from December to February, fruits in March, Dr Welwitsch! nos. 2537, 2538. 
 Native name Dendo or N-Dendo. 
 
 61. DIOSPYKOS (?) CUNALON, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 237 n. 79 (1844). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, late lanceolatis, apice obtusis, glabris, brevissime petiolatis, margine 
 revolutis ; floribus breviter racemoso-cymosis, calyce campanulato, lobis 4 rarius 5 rotundatis, 
 corolla lobis 4 profundis acutis, staminibus 8, corollce adnalis, 4 basi, 4 media loborum ; 
 ovario globoso, stylis 2 ; baccis globosis, ^-locularibus, loculis monospermis. 
 
 (Cunalon), Blanco, Flora de Filipinas pp. 304, 305 (1837). 
 
 A tree with erect and branching trunk. Leaves alternate, broadly lanceolate, obtuse 
 at apex, glabrous ; the margins entire and reflexed ; petioles very short. Flowers in small 
 racemose panicles. Calyx free, persistent, campanulate, with 4 or rarely 5 rounded lobes. 
 Corolla longer than the calyx, with 4 deep acute lobes. Stamens 8, inserted on the corolla, 
 4 at the base and the other 4 at the middle of the lobes ; filaments shorter than the 
 corolla, compressed ; anthers erect, acute. Ovary globose, enclosed within the flower ; styles 
 2, linear, compressed; stigmas simple. Fruit baccate, globose, juicy, 4-celled ; cells 1-seeded; 
 seeds oblong, convex and canaliculate outside, angular inside, very hard and horny, and 
 " covered with a thin aril." 
 
 Cebu, Philippine Islands, Blanco, loc. cit. 
 
 The leaves and fruit turn very black at maturity and are used by the islanders to 
 dye cloth. The black colour produced is good and fast and without notable smell. Flowers 
 in October. Called Cunalon in Bisayas, Philippine Islands. 
 
 62. DIOSPYROS TETKASPEBMA, Sw. Prodr. p. 62 (1788). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, anguste obovatis, apice obtusis, basi cuneatis, glabris, subcoriaceis, breviter 
 petiolatis; floribus masculis 3 4-m's, breviter cymosis, calyce campanulato, subglabrescente, 
 4- rarius o-fido, corolla, tubulosd, extus sericed, breviter 4i-fidd, staminibus 8, glabris, gemi- 
 natis ; floribus femineis solitariis, staminodiis 4, ovario conico, pubescente, 4<-loculari, loculis 
 I-ovulatis, fructibus globosis, glabris, seminum albumine " radiato-striato quasi flbroso, car- 
 noso, albo." 
 
 Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 678 (1800), Gaertn. f. Carp. iii. p. 138. t. 208 (1805), Alph. DC. Prodr. 
 vin. p. 222. n. 1 (1844). 
 
 D. obovata, Jacq. Hort. Schosnbr. iii. p. 34. t. 312 (1798), non Wight. 
 
 A shrub glabrous except the inflorescence and young parts ; stem 1 in. thick ; branches 
 pale, at about 40; shoots slender, subvelutinous. Leaves alternate, oblanceolate-oblong or 
 obovate, subcoriaceous, the younger ones sometimes pellucid-punctate, cuneate at base into 
 short petiole, rounded or obtuse at apex, deep green above, paler beneath ; veins raised 
 on both sides; 1^ 3 in. long by -| 1 in. wide; petioles -fa fin. long. 
 
 $ flowers in 3 4-flowered cymes ; cymes recurved, \ in. long, with short appressed 
 hairs. Flowers about in. long. Pedicels very short. Bracts small, caducous. Calyx about 
 
198 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 
 
 ^ in. long, green, nearly glabrescent, campanulate, 4 5- usually 4-fid ; lobes deltoid or rounded. 
 Corolla tubular, pale with appressed short hair outside, with 4 spreading obtuse lobes half 
 the length of the tube. Stamens 8, distinct, 2 alternating with each corolla-lobe, the 
 inner ones being shorter and inserted at very base of corolla-tube, or hypogynous, the outer 
 ones longer with filament and anther about equal and inserted rather above base of corolla 
 tube, or hypogynous ; all glabrous. Ovary rudimentary, with short hairs. 
 
 9 flowers solitary, on erect peduncles about yfrin. long; calyx and corolla as in $ ; 
 staminodes 4, alternating with corolla-lobes and inserted at base of its tube ; ovary conical, 
 hairy, 4-celled, 4-ovuled, continuous with hairy style which is 4-lobed and glabrous at apex. 
 Fruit globose, about in. thick, pale, glabrous, 4-celled, 4-seeded. Fruiting calyx 4 5-fid, 
 not or scarcely accrescent, concave or somewhat spreading, glabrous. Fruiting peduncle -^ ^ in. 
 long, patent ; seeds in. long ; testa rather rough ; albumen not ruminated, but somewhat 
 striated in a radiated manner. 
 
 Jamaica, Mr March/ No. 1190; Purdie! (& and 9 fl. and fr., October); Swartz, fl. 
 July; St Domingo, Jacquin, <J fl. May; Cuba, teste Grisebach (the specimen PL Cub. Wright, 
 n. 348, has a somewhat different foliage and fruit-calyx). 
 
 63. DIOSPYROS CARTHEI, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, elliptico-oblongis, utrinque obtusis, glabris, coriaceis, petiolatis ; floribus 
 masculis sub-5-nis, subsessilibus, confertis, aonllaribus, tubulosis, ferrugineo-pubescentibus, 4 6- 
 fidis, calyce campanulato, corolld gracili; lobis obtusis, staminibus 8, incequalibus, ovarii 
 rudimento piloso. 
 
 Glabrous and dark except inflorescence and buds; branches terete. Leaves elliptic- 
 oblong, alternate, coriaceous, not pellucid-punctate, of same colour on both sides, 4 5 in. 
 long by If If in- wide; petioles |in. long, spreading. 
 
 f. Flowers about 5 together, subsessile, crowded, axillary, tubular, slender, \ in. 
 long, ferruginous-pubescent, the colour greenish beneath the hairs ; calyx in. long, cam- 
 panulate, 4 6- (5 6!) -fid; lobes lanceolate. Corolla 4-fid, slender, | |in. long, ferru- 
 ginous-hairy outside, constricted in midrib ; lobes imbricated, obtuse. Stamens 8, unequal 
 by shorter or longer filaments, glabrous, -fo ^in. long, anthers dehiscing longitudinally 
 along their sides ; pollen ellipsoidal. Ovary rudimentary, represented by hairs. 
 
 Manila, Philippine Islands, Carthef 
 
 64. DIOSPTROS POLYALTHIOIDES, Korthals MSS. in Hb. Ludg. Batav. Eben. nn. 5 9, 12 14. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis, apice acute acuminatis, basi obtusis, tenuiter coriaceis, suprd 
 glabris, subtus subglabris ; floribus masculis, aggregatis, breviter cymosis, axillaribus, oblongis, 
 sericeis, calyce campanulato, 4 o-fido, corolld tubulosd, breviter 4t-fidd, lobis obtusis patentibus, 
 staminibus 8, glabris, receptaculo insertis, incequalibus ; floribus femineis axillaribus, breviter 
 cymosis; fructibus subsolitariis, breviter pedunculatis, globosis, pubescentibus, S-locularibus ; 
 calyce fructifero aucto, profunde 4a-lobo, ampliato, lobis undulatis, latis, erectis. 
 
MR HIEKN, ON EBENACE^E. 199 
 
 Dioecious. Shoots ferruginous-pubescent, terete. Leaves oblong, alternate, obtusely nar- 
 rowed or nearly rounded at base, acutely acuminate at apex, thinly coriaceous, glabrous and 
 rather shining above except the depressed midrib, nearly glabrous beneath except the 
 midrib and weak slender lateral veins, 6 8 in. long (besides hairy petiole -^ | in. long) 
 by 1| 2| in. wide; margins just recurved; lower surface somewhat red; not pellucid- 
 punctate ; a few dark depressed glands usually exist on the lower surface, especially near 
 the base and in the fruiting specimens. 
 
 S . Cymes axillary, many-flowered, sericeous-ferruginous, ^ ^ in. long (excluding the 
 flowers ; pedicels about -^ in. long ; bracts small. Flowers sericeous, about -| in. long in bud, 
 crowded. Calyx nearly J in. long, campanulate, 4 5-fid ; lobes deltoid or oval, hairy on 
 both sides ; corolla shortly 4-fid, tubular ; lobes obtuse, much imbricated in bud, oval, in. 
 long; glabrous inside, spreading; tube constricted at the top. Stamens 8, glabrous, inserted 
 on the receptacle, unequal, combined more or less by their filaments at base ; anthers linear, 
 acute (when young), longer than their filaments. Ovary 0. Rarely a flower is trimerous. 
 
 9 . Cymes axillary, about ^ in. long, sericeous-ferruginous, bearing 3 many flowers ; bracts 
 caducous ; pedicels in. long. Calyx plicate, f in. high, longer than the corolla. Flowers 
 4 5-merous. Fruit subsolitary, on peduncles ^ \ in. long, enclosed when young by accres- 
 cent deeply 4-lobed calyx ; fruit globose, ferruginous-hairy, about ^ in. in diameter (perhaps 
 not mature), 8-celled, (8-ovuled), 8-seeded. Pericarp rather thick ; dissepiments thin. Fruiting 
 calyx fin. high, deeply 4-lobed, hairy on both sides; ample at the sinuses; lobes widely 
 ovate with margins wavy, wide at base. 
 
 Borneo, Korthalsf 
 
 Plate VII. A branch in male flower, natural size. a. Calyx laid open and stamens, the 
 corolla having been removed, magnified 3 diameters, b. A. branch in young fruit, natural 
 size. 
 
 65. DIOSPYROS KIRKII, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis ovalibus, alternis, utrinque rotundatis, coriaceis, velutinis, petiolatis ; floribus 
 masculis axillaribus, breviter cymosis, 4- rarius 5-meris, calyce campanulato, scepius 4t-fido, 
 corolla tubulosd, breviter 4<-lobd, staminibus 9 10, glabris, incequalibus ; floribus femineis soli- 
 tariis, breviter pedunculatis, staminodiis 8, ovario globoso, 4i-loculari, fulvo-tomentoso, loculis 
 1-ovulatis ; fructibus edulibus. 
 
 A. fruit-tree with young shoots ferruginous-tomentose-puberulous ; branches cinereous 
 glabrescent, terete. Leaves elliptical or oval-oblong, alternate, coriaceous, rounded at both 
 ends ; velutinous-puberulous, sub-nitescent above with delicate slightly raised veins ; velutin- 
 ous-pubescent fulvous beneath with raised rufous midrib and lateral veins; 1J 4 in. long 
 by | 2 in. wide ; petioles hairy ^ | in. long. 
 
 ff. Inflorescence axillary, in several-flowered cymes, rufous-tomentose, raised on pe- 
 duncles about in. long, with short pedicels, bracteate ; flowers -^ in. long, tetramerous or 
 rarely pentamerous ; calyx ^ in. high ferruginous-velutinous outside, appressedly hairy inside, 
 4-fid, campanulate, rarely with 5 unequal lobes ; corolla inflated-tubular, with 4 short ovate 
 patent lobes, glabrous inside ; stamens 9, 10, glabrous, inserted at base of corolla or on recep- 
 tacle, unequal, on short filaments; ovary 0. 
 
200 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 S . Flowers solitary, on short peduncles, ^ in. high ; fulvo-velutinous ; calyx 4 5-lobed, 
 | in. long ; with lanceolate erect lobes -^ ^ in. deep, hairy on both sides ; corolla trun- 
 cately conical, with 5 (or 4 ?) very short spreading obtuse lobes, glabrous inside ; staminodes 
 8, inserted at base of corolla and 1 on receptacle (in flower examined), glabrous; ovary 
 fulvous-velutinous, globular, 4-celled with 2 styles hairy at base ; cells 1-ovuled ; stigmas 
 glabrous, lobed; young fruit fulvo-velutinous, with calyx-lobes appressed or erect; pulp of 
 fruit good when made into a cake. 
 
 Africa, Zambesia, above Tette, common. Dr Kirk I 
 
 66. DIOSPTROS VELUTINA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus vel dblongis, coriaceis, subtus fulvo-velutinis interdum putescen- 
 tibus et pellucido-punctatis, petiolatis; floribus masculis ternis, breviter cymosis, 3 4-mm's, 
 ferrugineo-hirsutis ; calyce campanulato, 3 4<-fido, loibis obtusis, cor olid tubulosd, 3 4s-lobd, 
 staminibus 12, glabris, incequalibus ; floribus fenrineis solitariis breviter pedunculatis, calyce 
 3 5-lobo, corolld 4<-lobd, ovario dense fulvo-sericeo, subgloboso, 8-loculari; stylis 4; fructibus 
 globosis, albumine non ruminato. 
 
 A dioecious shrub about 6 feet high or small tree ; shoots, leaves especially on the 
 under-side, and inflorescence ferruginous-velutinous ; branches glabrescent, terete,* shining, 
 spreading at about 60. Leaves oval or oblong, somewhat narrowed (sometimes acutely), obtuse, 
 rounded or even cordate at either or both ends, coriaceous, shining and comparatively gla- 
 brescent above with (in some specimens) more or less depressed veins, densely ferruginous- 
 velutinous beneath, or in some specimens becoming less hairy and then with small pellucid 
 dots, alternate, 1J 6 in. long by | 2J in. wide ; petioles ^ J in. long, ferruginous-velutin- 
 ous. Inflorescence short, axillary, ferruginous-velutinous ; bracts narrow, caducous. 
 
 <J . Flowers usually 3 together, on peduncles ^j -fo in. long, trimerous or the central 
 ones tetramerous, about | in. long ; calyx in. long, ferruginous-velutinous outside, glabrous 
 inside, 3- or 4-fid, with obtuse lobes ; corolla ferruginous-sericeous, 3- or 4- lobed, tubular, 
 nearly Jin. long, lobes | ^ in. deep, oval, glabrous inside, spreading; stamens 12, glabrous, 
 some in pairs, unequal in the pairs, the inner ones the shorter ; filaments short, anthers 
 linear-oblong; ovary ferrugineous-hairy, rudimentary. 
 
 ?. Flowers and peduncles solitary, ferruginous, hairy; peduncles ^in. long; flowers 
 in. long ; calyx T 3 ^ in. long by in. wide, 3 5-lobed ; lobes \ in. deep by J in. wide, fer- 
 ruginous-tomentose on both sides, rounded or deltoid, cordate at base, with undulating sides, 
 often emarginate at apex, with central boss inside near base; corolla shortly tubular with 4 
 short acute spreading lobes ; staminodes 2 (in one case), glabrous ; ovary densely fulvo- 
 sericeous, subglobose, 8-celled, with a short neck terminated by 4 styles ; cells 1-ovuled ; 
 stigmas emarginate. Fruit globose, shining, pale, glabrate, except at the apex, about 5-celled 
 and 5-seeded, pulpy, \ f in. thick ; seeds about f in. long, enveloped in pulp considered 
 by Mr Miers, in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. ii. vol. vm. p. 164 (1851), to be of the nature of 
 an aril, not however in the dried state suggesting such an origin ; fruiting calyx 3 4- 
 lobed, spreading, tomentose, -fa f in. across ; lobes more or less emarginate, especially in the 
 trimerous ones ; albumen horny, not ruminated, but (in some specimens) obscurely striate 
 in a radiating manner. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 201 
 
 Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Jurujuba Bay, Mr Miers ! 3709 ; Serra de Araripe, Gardner ! 
 1512 ( fl. Sept.); between Franqueira and Canariera, Gardner! 2284 (albumen radiately 
 striate, fruit in March); New-Granada, Prov. Mariquita, Piedros, banks of Magdalena, 1300 ft. 
 alt., Triana! 2612; Mexico, Carmen and neighbourhood, Dr Warra! 226 (plant in young 
 fruit with acute leaves and calyx 3-fid having pointed lobes). Possibly 2 or 3 different 
 species are here described together. Cfr. Maba inconstans, Griseb. which is like this plant 
 in some states. 
 
 67. DlOSPYROS PLECTOSEPALA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, apice acuminatis, basi angustatis, subglabris, tenuiter coriaceis, 
 breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis brevissime cymosis, axillaribus, pentameris, hirsutis, brac- 
 teatis, campanulato-oblongis, calyce profimde lobato, lobis rotundis valde contortis, corollce lobis 
 ovalibus obtusis, staminibus 12 glabris incequalibus, ovarii rudimento hirsuto. 
 
 Branches terete, sparsely hispid with mixed brown and black short hairs. Leaves alternate, 
 oval, acuminate at apex, somewhat narrowed at base, thinly coriaceous, scattered especially 
 beneath with a few inconspicuous appressed short stiff hairs, \\ 4J in. long by \ If in. 
 wide, dark green above ; lateral veins few, delicate ; petioles \ \ in. long, hispid. 
 
 (J. Flowers few or several together, in very abbreviated hispid axillary cymes, penta- 
 merous, J in. long, campanulate-oblong ; bracts small. Calyx deeply 5-lobed, scarcely half the 
 length of the flower, hirsute outside, glabrous inside, lobes round, much imbricated, cordate at 
 base. Corolla densely hirsute outside with pale appressed hairs, glabrous inside, 5-fid ; lobes 
 oval, obtuse. Stamens 12, glabrous, unequal, hypogynous or inserted at very base of corolla. 
 Ovary minute, rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 3225. 
 
 68. DIOSPYROS STRICTA, Roxb. Cat. PL Fl. Ind. p. 93 (1813). 
 
 D. trunco stricto, apice tantum ramoso; foliis alternis, ovato-oblongis, apice valde acumi- 
 natis, basi subrotundis, submembranaceis, ciliatis, subtus sparse pubescentibus, breviter petiola- 
 tis; cymis masculis brevissimis, 3 Q-floris, bracteatis, floribus subsessilibus, 4-meris, hirsutis, 
 calyce paroo, profunde lobato, corolld urceolato-oblongd, staminibus 14 16, glabris; fructibus 
 solitariis, breviter pedunculatis, obovoideis, basi conicis, glabris; seminibus oblongis, albumine 
 non ruminato. 
 
 Roxb. Hort. Beng. p. 40 (1814) ; Fl. Ind., edit. 1832, u. p. 539. n. 14 ; Drawings no. 2507 in 
 Hb. Kew ; Wall. List n. 4121 (182832) ; Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 232. n. 47 (1844). 
 
 A tall slender conical tree with a trunk perfectly straight, as in firs, to the very top ; 
 branches spreading at 40, terete ; young shoots subtomentose, covered with dull tawny patent 
 short hairs, glabrescent. Leaves ovate-oblong, much acuminate at apex, obtuse at base, sub- 
 membranous, alternate, erect-patent, pubescent beneath, ciliate, glabrous above except on the 
 midrib, 2 3J in. long by about 1 in. wide ; petioles about } in. long, pubescent ; veins incon- 
 spicuous especially on upper face. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 26 
 
202 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 if. Flowers J in. long, 3 6 together, crowded and subsessile on short pubescent cymes 
 about the length of the petioles, tetramerous. Bracts numerous, hairy, at base of very short 
 pedicels. Calyx tawny-hirsute outside, small, ^ in. long, with 4 deep ovate apiculate lobes, 
 glabrous inside. Corolla salver-shaped, $, in. long, tawny-hirsute, much contracted towards 
 top of tube ; tube inflated below, -^ in. long ; lobes oval, patent or reflexed, shorter than the 
 tube. Stamens 14 16, glabrous, single, about half the length of the corolla-tube, most in- 
 serted in one row at base of corolla and nearly equal, some inserted on the disk ; filaments 
 about as long as the anthers. Receptacle convex. 
 
 9 . Fruit solitary, on patent peduncles which are about \ in. long and thicker towards 
 the apex and continuous with small tawny-hairy shortly 4-lobed calyx. Fruit egg-shaped 
 but somewhat conical towards base, ! in. long by -^ in. thick, unequally 4?-celled, glabrous. 
 Seeds oblong, albumen not ruminated. 
 
 East Bengal, Tipperah, Roxburgh (j fl. March); Griffith! 3624 (in fruit); Chittagong, 
 Drs J. D. Hooker and T. Thomson! ; Silhet, &c. Roxburgh, Hort. Beng. p. 40. 
 
 69. DIOSPTROS ERIANTHA, Champ, in Kew Journ. Bot. IV. p. 302 (1852). 
 
 D. foliis distichis, oblongo-lanceolatis, apice acuminatis, basi obtusis, tenuiter coriaceis, 
 supra nitidis, subtus secus venas pilosis, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis 1 3-nis, axil- 
 laribus, subsessilibus, basi bracteatis, tetrameris, hirsutis, calyce profunde lobato, corolla hypocra- 
 teriformi, lobis lanceolatis, acuminatis, patentibus, staminibus 14 16, glabris; floribus femineis 
 solitariis, staminodiis 8, uniserialibus, glabris, ovario villoso, ^-loculari, loculis 1-ovulatis ; fruc- 
 tibus oblongis, subglabratis, monospermis, albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Benth. Fl. Hongkongens. p. 210. n. 2 (1861). 
 
 A small tree, with young shoots ; margins, mid-rib and lateral veins of underside of leaves 
 and inflorescence covered with stiff appressed rusty pubescence ; branches spreading at about 
 35, glabrescent, terete. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, much acuminate at apex, obtuse or nearly 
 rounded at base, distichous, thinly coriaceous, shining and with slight depressed inconspicuous 
 midrib and lateral veins above ; ruddier and with raised and rather conspicuous midrib and 
 lateral veins beneath; 2| 4J in. long by f 1| in. wide; petioles ^ in. long, pubescent 
 when young. Bracts much imbricated, numerous, especially in 2 , concealing the very short 
 peduncle and young flowers, pubescent when young, wide, rounded or obtusely narrowed. 
 
 <J. Flowers subsolitary, 1 3 together, axillary, not nodding, subsessile, tetramerous, 
 ^ in. long. Calyx deeply 4-fid, \ in. long, with lanceolate hirsute lobes. Corolla tubular, 
 salver-shaped, hirsute outside, glabrous inside, 4-lobed, white ; tube ^ in. long ; lobes -fe in. 
 long, spreading, acuminate, lanceolate, imbricated sinistrorsely. Stamens 14 16, inserted in 
 pairs at base of corolla, glabrous ; anthers acuminate ; the interior filaments shorter, the 
 outer ones longer. Ovary rudimentary, small. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, subsessile, tetramerous ; calyx -^ in. long, like 6 . Corolla equal- 
 ling the calyx ; lobes acute. Staminodes 8, glabrous, in one row. Ovary hairy, 4-celled ; 
 cells 1-ovuled ; style bifid to the middle with contiguous emarginate lobes, glabrous except 
 at base. Fruit glabrate or nearly so, oblong, about \ in. long, shining, 1-seeded. Fruiting 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACEvE. 203 
 
 calyx | in. long, with apiculate lobes, somewhat spreading. Albumen not ruminated ; embryo 
 straight. 
 
 Hong Kong, C. Wright! 64; in the Happy Valley woods, Champion! 133, 147; Borneo, 
 Korthals ! 
 
 D. Teysmanni, Miq. in Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. I. pp. 250, 583 (1860), belongs to the above 
 species ; it however differs by rather smaller leaves with nearly or quite glabrous lateral veins 
 and with the upper surface paler than in the above species. Local name Kajoe-ngingeh. Near 
 Kabagoesan on the coast in Lampong, S. Sumatra, Teijsmann! 
 
 70. DIOSPYROS VARIEGATA, Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. vol. XL. pt. ii. p. 73. n. 95 (1871). 
 
 D. foliis dblongis, acutis vel acuminatis, tenuiter coriaceis, glabris, petiolatis ; fioribus mas- 
 culis tetrameris, ternis vel paucis, in cymis axillaribus breviter pedicellatis, calyce puberulo, lobis 
 late oblongis obtusis, corollce tubo quam calyce paulum longiore, lobis ovatis acutis tubi longitudine, 
 staminibus circiter 16 inceqiialibus, antheris glabris. 
 
 Flora, 1871, p. 342. 
 
 A moderate-sized tree, quite glabrous except the buds. Leaves varying from elliptic- 
 oblong to oblong, usually rather unequal and but little narrowed at base, acute or acuminate, 
 entire, 5 10 in. long, thinly coriaceous, glabrous ; petioles ^ \ in. long, crass ; lateral veins 
 prominent below; net-veins rather distant and conspicuous beneath. 
 
 <5 . Flowers yellow, tetramerous, in bud T ^ in. long, elongated, very shortly pedicelled, 
 3 or few together, in axillary shortly-stalked minutely puberulous bracteated cymes, on young 
 usually leafless shoots, simulating racemes ; bracts wide, rather acute, puberulous. Calyx 
 puberulous ; lobes widely-oblong, obtuse, about in. long. Corolla urceolate (-oblong ?) ; tube 
 a little longer than the calyx; lobes ovate, acute, equalling the tube. Stamens about 16, 
 unequal, inserted at the base of the corolla; filaments short; anthers linear, cordate at the 
 base, acuminate, glabrous. 
 
 Pegu, Dr Brandis ! 
 
 71. DIOSPYHOS DASYPHYLLA, Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. vol. XL. pt. ii. p. 71. n. 92. 
 
 (1871). 
 
 D. foliis oblongis vel ovali-oblongis, apice acutis vel breviter acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel 
 subcordatis, chartaceis, secus nervos puberulis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis tetrameris, in 
 cymis brevibus fulvo-pubescentibus axillaribus vel supra foliorum delapsorum cicatrices erum- 
 pentibus dispositis, calyce partito, lobis rotundatis, corolla tubulosd, paulum ampliatd, staminibus 
 circiter 16, filamentis valde incequalibus, ovarii rudimento fulvo-hirsuto. 
 
 Flora, 1871, p. 333. 
 
 A tree (?) with branchlets densely tawny-pubescent. Leaves varying from oblong to 
 oval-oblong, on petioles f^ | in. long, densely tawny-pubescent, rounded or subcordate at 
 base, acute or shortly acuminate, 4 6 in. long by 1J 3 in. wide, chartaceous, with long cilia 
 when young, afterwards softly puberulous on the veins above and below. 
 
 262 
 
204 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^]. 
 
 $ . Flowers in bud nearly in. long, tetramerous, shortly pedicelled, arranged in short 
 tawny-pubescent cymes, axillary or above the scars of fallen leaves ; bracts suborbicular, pu- 
 berulous, ciliated, about -fa in. long. Calyx ferruginous-pubescent, lobed almost to the base ; 
 lobes rounded, ciliated. Corolla-tube appressedly tawny- or ferruginous-pubescent, \ in. long, 
 widely tubular; corolla-lobes equalling the tube, acute, oblong, canescent-velutinous outside. 
 Stamens about 16, inserted at the base of the corolla ; filaments very unequal, some % ^ in. 
 long, but mostly very short; anthers oblong, acute. Ovary rudimentary, with tawny hairs. 
 
 Karen hills, Taipo mountains, Burmah (between Sitang Hills and Salween River), at 
 4000 ft. alt., Dr Brandia ! 
 
 72. DIOSPYBOS BECCAEII, sp. nov. 
 
 D. ramulis petiolis el inflorescentid ferrugineo-pubescentibus; foliis alternis, ovali-oblongis, 
 apice acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel rarius parum angustatis, tenuiter coriaceis, superne glabris, 
 subtus ferrugineo-pubescentibus ; floribus femineis solitariis, subsessilibus, basi pluribracteatis, 
 aodllaribus; calyce 4>-partito, lobis margine revolutis vel undulatis; corolld 4t-fidd, lobis obtusis; 
 staminodiis 8, glabris; ovario glabro, 4>-loculari, loculis I-owlatis. 
 
 Young parts, petioles, underside of leaves and inflorescence ferruginous-pubescent ; shoots 
 longitudinally wrinkled. Leaves oval-oblong, narrowly acuminate, obtuse at apex, rounded or 
 rarely slightly narrowed at base, thinly coriaceous, glabrous above with indistinct veins, flat, 
 2 6 in. long by 1 2J in. wide ; petioles stout, terete, $ J in. long. 
 
 ? . Flowers solitary, axillary, subsessile, with several caducous ovate bracts at base ; 
 bracts unequal, shorter than the calyx ; calyx campanulate, \ f in. long, hairy on both 
 sides, 4-partite; lobes ovate, with reflexed or undulated margins; corolla (immature) 4-fid, 
 glabrous inside ; lobes obtuse ; staminodes 8, glabrous, equal, in one row ; ovary glabrous, 
 ovoid, 4-celled, cells 1-ovuled. 
 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari! nn. 2492, 2591. 
 
 73. DIOSPYEOS OLEIFOLIA, Wall. List n. 4128 (182832). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus vel dblongis apice obtuse acuminatis, basi angustatis, subco- 
 riaceis, glabrescentibus, utrinque l<Bvibus nitidisque, nervis subtilissimis impressis inconspimis, 
 petiolatis; floribus masculis ternis, breviter cymosis, tetrameris; calyce extus glabro, intus to- 
 mentoso, lobis latis acutis, corolld urceolato-oblongd, lobis brevibus rotundatis, staminibus cir- 
 citer 20, ovarii rudimento pubescente; fructibus solitariis, subglobosis. 
 
 DC. Prodr. VIIL p. 239. n. 88 (1844) ; Kurz in Joura. Asiat. Soc. Beng. vol. XL. Pt. II. 
 p. 72. n. 94 (1871) ; Flora, 1871, p. 342. 
 
 A moderate-sized tree with dark bark, glabrous except young parts, which are fer- 
 ruginous-tomentose. Leaves alternate, oblong-elliptical or oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at 
 both ends, 2| 6 9 in. long by 1 2| 2f in. wide, subcoriaceous, pale, smooth and shining 
 on both sides, the yellowish midrib and inconspicuous veins all slightly depressed on the 
 upper surface ; petioles J J | in. long ; margins just recurved. 
 
 <J. Cymes drooping, J 1 in. long, axillary, slightly pubescent, usually 3-flowered; com- 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 205 
 
 mon peduncle J Jin. long; pedicels | in. long, hispidulous; flowers tetramerous, white. 
 Calyx nearly in. long, glabrous outside, densely fulvo-tomentose inside ; lobes wide, acute. 
 Corolla more than twice the length of the calyx, fulvo-tomentose outside ; tube wide and 
 inflated, about &i n - long; lobes short, rounded; stamens about 20, inserted at the base 
 of the corolla and on the receptacle; filaments very short; anthers linear, acuminate, about 
 in. long. Ovary rudimentary, minute, fulvo-pubescent. 
 
 9 . Fruit solitary, on young branches, very shortly pedunculate, sub-globose, f f in. in 
 diameter, more or less rufous-pubescent, yellowish, in one case 3-celled and 3-seeded. Fruiting 
 calyx \ in. long, 4-fid (in one case 3-fid), tomentose inside, pubescent outside ; lobes ovate- 
 deltoid. 
 
 Pegu, Dr Brandis, Kurz! no. 3012. Java, Wynkoopers Bay, Teijsmann (Malay name 
 Kayu arang) ; Amherst, Wallich! 4128, Anderson!, H. Falconer!, Herb. Hort. Bot. Calc. 
 No. 242. 
 
 74. DlOSPYROS FLAVICANS. 
 
 D. foliis altemis, ovali-oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi obtusis, tenuiter coriaceis, glabris, 
 breviter petiolatis ; inflorescentid atrillari, brevissime cymosd, pauciflord, bracteis longis im- 
 bricatis, floribus 4 5-meris, calyce partito, corolld hypocrateriformi tetragond, lobis obtusis, 
 staminibus in flore masculo geminatis, 14 20, corollas basi insertis, glabris ; ovario in flore 
 femineo glabro, tetragono-pyramidali, 4>-loculari, loculis 1-ovulatis ; fructibus oblongis, glabris. 
 
 Guatteria ? flavicans, Wall. List, n. 7295 (182832). 
 
 A dioecious shrub 8 10 feet high or small tree, with virgate terete and somewhat 
 flexuous branches, appressedly ferruginous-pubescent as well as the leaves when young, gla- 
 brescent, spreading at about 50. Leaves alternate, oval-oblong, usually much acuminate at 
 apex into a long obtuse point, somewhat narrowed at base, thinly coriaceous, 2 5|in. 
 long by | 2 in. wide, besides petioles T \j in. long; quickly glabrescent, somewhat shining 
 on both sides; midrib somewhat depressed and lateral veins not conspicuous on upper 
 surface, the latter clear and slender and anastomosing near margin beneath. Inflorescence 
 axillary, shortly cymose, ferruginous-pubescent, with long bracts, 1 several-flowered; flowers 
 white. 
 
 ff . Cymes very short ; flowers clustered (or solitary) ; with short pedicels bearing long 
 lanceolate foliaceous bracts at base sometimes Jin. long. Calyx \ Jin. long, pilose on 
 both sides, 4-partite or deeply lobed rarely 5-lobed, lobes ovate acute foliaceous, with plicate- 
 valvate sides, lax. Corolla salver-shaped, about double the length of the calyx, pubescent 
 outside, glabrous inside ; tube tetragonal, 4 5-fid or partite. Stamens 14 16 18 20, 
 inserted at or near base of tube of corolla, in pairs, the inner shorter on bent filaments, 
 glabrous ; anthers apiculate, equalling or shorter than the filaments ; ovary 0. 
 
 9 . Cymes 1 few-flowered, \ \ in. long ; bracts pubescent outside, glabrous inside, vary- 
 ing in size, leaf-like, at base of pedicels, \ Jin. long. Calyx ^j |in. long, pubescent 
 on both sides, 4-partite; lobes widely ovate, cordate, with undulated and recurved sides and 
 base, plicate, foliaceous. Corolla caducous. Ovary glabrous, tetragonally pyramidal, 4-celled, 
 terminated at apex by an erect glabrous bilobed style -fa in. long or shorter ; cells 1-ovuled. 
 
206 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Fruit glabrous, oblong, f 1 in. long by -^ f in. thick, obtusely tetragonal, rounded at apex 
 and terminated by remains of style, 4-celled. Fruiting calyx loosely embracing base of fruit, 
 ^ in. high, deeply 4-fid ; margins wavy-reflexed. 
 
 Mergui, Tenasserim, Griffith f (Cfr. Notulse, vol. iv. p. 291. n. 2. 1854) n. 3639 ; Malacca, 
 Griffith ! Kew List 454, 3623 ; Penang, G. Porter ! from the hills (Wall. List 7295 !) ; 
 (?) Tenasserim and Andamans, Herb Heifer f 3640; Malacca Maingay ! 972, "<5 Feb. 19, 
 1868, stamens 17 18, $ testa subosseous." 
 
 An instance of phyllomania occurs in a specimen probably of this species collected 
 by Heifer I n. 423, Tenasserim or Andamans. 
 
 75. DIOSPYROS SAPOTOIDES, Kurz MSS. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovato-ovalibus, apice breviter acuminatis, basi cuneatis, mox glabrescen- 
 tibus, tenuiter coriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis aggregatis, subsessilibus, tetra- 
 meris, urceolato-oblongis, calyce profunde lobato, utrinque pubescente ; corolld 4<-fidd, lobis obtusis, 
 staminibus circiter 16, glabris, biserialibus, incequalibus, ovario rudimentario. 
 
 Branches terete, smooth. Leaves alternate, obovate-oval, shortly acuminate at apex, 
 cuneate at base, quickly glabrescent, thinly coriaceous, glaucescent (bluish green in dry 
 state) above, 3 10 in. long by 1^ 3| in. wide ; lateral veins 12 15 on each side the 
 midrib, arching and anastomosing near the margin ; petioles % J in. long. 
 
 . Flowers J in. long, urceolate-oblong, tetramerous, clustered, several together, sub- 
 sessile, in axillary nodose dense abbreviated cymes. Calyx about \ in. long, openly campa- 
 nulate, hairy on both sides, deeply lobed; lobes cordate-ovate. Corolla 4-fid, hirsute outside 
 at least along 4 hairy lines on tube; lobes oval, rounded. Stamens 15 16, in two rows, 
 glabrous ; inner row shorter. Ovary wanting. 
 
 Pegu; flowers in April, 8. Kurz! n. 3013. 
 
 76. DIOSPYROS AUREA, (?) Teijsmann et Binnendijk PI. Nov. Hort. Bogor. in Nederl. 
 
 Kruidk. Arch. in. p. 405 (1855). 
 
 D. ramis fastigiatis ; foliis bifariis, elliptico-oblongis, breviter acuminatis, basi acute 
 angustatis, glabris, nitidis, tenuissime coriaceis, petiolis crassiusculis ; floribus masculis aggre- 
 gatis subsessilibus tetrameris, calycis lobis deltoideis acutis, corolld tubidosd, lobis ovali-oblongis 
 patentibus, staminibus 16, glabris, antheris apiculatis; floribus femineis solitariis 4 5-meris, 
 staminodiis 10 11, "stigmate profunde 3-fido"; baccd globosd, aurantiacd. 
 
 Walp. Ann. v. p. 478 (1858). 
 
 A small tree ; trunk 4 feet high with fastigiate terete contiguous leafy branches which 
 form a dense head; young shoots petioles and pedicels ferruginous-puberulous as well as 
 the midrib of the leaves beneath. Leaves alternate, distichous, glabrescent, oval-oblong, 
 acuminate at apex, narrowed at base into petiole, very thinly coriaceous, shining, with 
 midrib depressed and lateral veins slightly raised above, 4 8 J in. long by 1| 2| in. wide ; 
 petioles ^ Jin. long, rather thick. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 207 
 
 5 Flowers in very short many-flowered dense nodular cymes with very short pedicels, 
 in the axils of fallen leaves, | |in. long, slender. Calyx ^in. long, scattered with few 
 inconspicuous short ferruginous hairs, 4-fid ; glabrous inside ; lobes narrowly deltoid, acute, 
 spreading. Corolla tubular, 4-fid, glabrous except 4 lines of short hairs outside ; tube J in. 
 thick in middle where it is slightly inflated ; lobes oval-oblong, spreading. Stamens 16, 
 glabrous, unequal, inserted on the tube of the corolla a little above its base, -fa |in. 
 long ; anthers ovate, apiculate, ^ fa in. long ; the longer filaments exceeding the anthers, 
 in length. Ovary rudimentary, glabrous. 
 
 $ . Flowers axillary, glabrous, subsessile, of a golden colour, solitary ; calyx 4 5-lobed, 
 with shallow rounded wide plicate lobes, glabrous. Corolla 4' 5-fid, constricted at the apex, 
 scarcely twice the length of the calyx. Ovary 10-celled, glabrous. Staminodes 10 11. 
 Stigma deeply 3-fid (?). Fruit globose, | fin. in diameter, of orange colour, tipped by 
 style, subsessile, with flat or reflexed calyx. Gum sometimes exudes from the young branches. 
 
 Java, Dr Horsfield ! Ebenacea? nos. 3, 6 ; Bantam, Teijsmann and Binnendijk. 
 
 77. DIOSPYROS NIGRICANS, Wall. List n. 6351 (182832). 
 
 D. foliis alternis ovali-oblongis, apice valde acuminatis, basi obtuse angustatis, firmiter 
 membranaceis, glabris, nitidis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis 3 6-nis, axillaribus, bre- 
 vissime cymosis, subsessilibus, tetrameris, corolld, gracili, profunde lobatd, staminibus 32, in- 
 ceqwalibus, nonnullis minutis, glabris; fructibus solitariis, breviter pedunculatis, glabris, 4-focw- 
 laribus, sub-globosis, loculis monospermis, albumine non ruminato, calyce fructifero 4i-partito 
 patente vel reflexo. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 239. n. 87 (1844), non Dalz. 
 
 A tree 50 feet high, with many lax cinereous, glabrescent branches ; young shoots and 
 petioles minutely puberulous. Leaves oval-oblong, much acuminate at apex, somewhat nar- 
 rowed at base, alternate, turning black when dry, firmly membranous, glabrous except on 
 midrib which is puberulous and depressed on the upper surface ; lateral veins and net- 
 veins delicate, not conspicuous above ; 3 5 in. long by 1 If in. wide ; petioles ^ | in. 
 long. 
 
 6. Flowers in few (3 6) -flowered short axillary puberulous cymes, subsessile, \ J in. 
 long ; bracts small, imbricated. Calyx with scattered short ferruginous hairs outside shortly 
 4-lobed. Corolla with few scattered short hairs outside deeply (frds) lobed, slender; lobe.s 
 reflexed at apex. Stamens 32 in one case, very unequal, many minute, glabrous. 
 
 $ . Fruit glabrous, ovoid or globose, pointed at apex, about in. long, 4-celled, 4-seeded, 
 solitary. Fruiting calyx 4-partite, with scattered ferruginous hairs outside, nearly glabrous 
 inside; with oval, flat, spreading or reflexed lobes, in. long. Seeds oblong, $ in. long; 
 albumen not ruminated, embryo nearly as long as the albumen. Fruiting peduncles shortly 
 hispid, | in. long, patent, unilateral, bearing 2 small bracts. 
 
 Khasia, Churra, 2000 ft. alt. ; Drs J. D. Hooker and T. Thomson ! 842, June, in fruit ; 
 East Bengal, Griffith! 3628; (Silhet), Wallich! 6351. 
 
208 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 78. DIOSPYROS EBENUM, Koenig in Physiogr. Salsk. Handl. I. p. 176 (1776). 
 
 D. ligno duro in centra nigro, foliis alternis, ovalibus vel oblongis, apice obtuse acumi- 
 natis, basi obtuse angustatis, tenuiter coriaceis, reticulatis, glabris, breviter petiolatis ; floribus 
 masculis subsessilibus, breviter cymosis, scepius 3-5-ms, tetrameria, calyce campanulato, ciliato, 
 breviter 4<-lobo, corolld tubulosd, media constrictd, glabrd, 4-fidd, staminibus 16 32, fila- 
 mentis 8 ; floribus fernineis solitariis, staminodiis 16 geminatis vel paucioribus, ovario 8- 
 loculari, glabro vel appresse pubescente, calyce fructifero aucto, tubo campanulato margine in- 
 tus elevato, lobis patentibus vel reflexis, fructibus subglobosis, glabris vel appresse pubescentibus, 
 seminum albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 234. n. 63 (1844); Ettingsh. Blatt-skel. Dikot. p. 89. t. 37. f. 13 
 (1861); Linn. fil. Suppl. PL p. 440 (1781); Koxb. drawings; Beddome, Fl. Sylvat. Madr. t. 65 
 (1870) ; Wight. Ic. t. 188. (1840). 
 
 D. glaberrima, Rottb. in Act. Hafn. 1783. vol. II. p. 540. t. 5. 
 
 D. melanoxylon, Willd. Hb. n. 19243; Sp. pi. iv. p. 1109. n. 8 (1805); non Roxb. 
 
 D. reticulata, Wall. ! List, p. 159. n. 4120 E. (182832), non Willd. 
 
 D. Ebenaster, Spach, Hist. Teg^t. IX. p. 407 (1840), t. 135 (1846), non Retz. 
 
 D. nigricans, Dalz. in Kew Journ. Bot. iv. p. 110 (1852); Bedd. Ic. PI. Ind. Or. (vil.) 
 p. 25, excl. t. 124 (1871) ; non Wall. 
 
 D. assimilis, Bedd. Report Forests of Madras for 186667, p. 20. t. 1 (1867). 
 
 A large tree with glabrous branches. Leaves glabrous, alternate, oblong or oval, 
 obtusely communicate or retuse at apex, somewhat narrowed at base, thinly coriacious 
 2 7 in. long by f 2| in. wide, with petioles \ J in. long ; net-veined, of same colour on 
 both sides. 
 
 (5. Flowers 3 15 together, subsessile, on short pubescent cymes which about equal the 
 petioles, about fjin. long in bud; Bracts small, caducous. Calyx funnel-shaped, about 
 in. long, shortly 4-lobed, nearly or quite glabrous outside with ciliated margins, hairy 
 inside; lobes rounded. Corolla tubular, constricted at middle, glabrous, 4-fid, with imbri- 
 cated lobes. Stamens 16, unequal, more or less in pairs, glabrous, inserted at base of 
 corolla, or ranging up to 32 on 8 filaments ; ovary rudimentary or wanting. 
 
 9. Flowers solitary, with 2 bracts at base, shortly stalked. Calyx much longer than 
 in the <J, deeply 4-fid with an elevated callous marginal ring round its mouth. Stami- 
 nodes 16, in pairs, or fewer. Style 1 ; stigmas 4 ; ovary 8-celled, glabrous or appressedly 
 pubescent. AJbumen of seeds not ruminated. Fruit depresso-globose or subglobose, \ in. 
 long, or globose and \ 1 in. in diameter, glabrous or appressedly pubescent. Fruit-calyx 
 about | 1 in. across, with spreading or reflexed lobes, receiving the base of the fruit by 
 the cup-shaped tube which has an elevated circular margin felted inside. 
 
 East India, Koenig ! ; Chorla Ghaut, Dalzell (called Kar& mard in S. Canara) ; Assam, 
 Griffith!; Ceylon, Columbo, Ferguson!, Thwaites ! 1912, 1913, 2437, 2439; East Bengal, 
 Griffith! 3621; Malacca, Griffith! 3635 "Cayoo Arang, Ebony Wood," Main gay ! 971. 
 " Flowers 4 5 merous ; Satiny-black. Leaves shining above. Flower yellowish ;" Wight 
 1714; Wallich! List n. 4120; Sumatra and Molucca IsL ex Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. II. p. 1048 
 (1856) ; New Caledonia, Vieillard ! 898, Thiebault ! 344. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACEJ3. 209 
 
 This valuable tree is not uncommon in the mountain forests on both sides of the 
 Presidency of Madras and in Ceylon ; it yields the best kind of Ebony, generally jet- 
 black but sometimes slightly streaked with yellow or brown; it is very heavy, close and 
 even-grained, and stands a high polish ; unseasoned it weighs 90 to 100 Ibs. the cubic 
 foot, and 81 Ibs. when seasoned ; it is used for inlaying and ornamental turnery and 
 sometimes for furniture, but there is not much demand for it in Madras. The sap-wood 
 is white, hard, close-grained, and strong, but not durable ; it is however used by the 
 natives for various purposes; it is called Nalluti in the Cuppapah and Kurnool hill-forests 
 where the tree is very common and well known. Beddome I. c. 
 
 D. reticulata, Decaisne, Herb. Timor, in Nouv. Ann. Mus. III. p. 406 (1834), non Willd. ; 
 D. reticulata, /3. timoriana, Alph. DC. Prodr. viu. p. 225. n. 11 var. (1844); D. timoriana, 
 Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. II. p. 1045 (1856), ought probably to be referred to D. Ebenum, Koen., 
 but I have not seen an authentic specimen. 
 
 D. hebecarpa, A. Cunn. ex Benth. Fl. Austr. IV. p. 286 (1869) is probably the same 
 species ; the fruit is f 1 in. in diameter, covered with short hairs or glabrescent. 
 Australia, Queensland, Cape York, W. Hill!; Endeavour River, A. Cunningham!; New 
 Caledonia, Wagap, Vieillardf 2869. 
 
 A specimen in Hb. Mus. Paris collected by Pancher ! in New Caledonia may be the 
 same species (D. Ebenum, Koen.) but the leaves are more coarsely reticulated and the 
 fruiting peduncles are longer (^in.). Cfr. D. samoensis, A. Gray. 
 
 79. DIOSPYEOS PELLUCIDA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovali-oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi angustatis, firmiter membranaceis, 
 minute pellucido-punctatis, utrinque nitidis, glabris, breviter petiolatis ; floribus solitariis, axil- 
 laribus, subsessilibus, polygamis, tetrameris, calyce profunde lobato, lobis acuminatis, leviter 
 plicatis, corollce lobis profundis acutis, staminibus in fi. masc. 8, uniserialibus, glabris, fruc- 
 tibus globosis subglabratis, 8-locularibus. 
 
 Branches spreading at about 45", terete, dark, glabrous, or minutely puberulous at 
 the extremities. Leaves oval-oblong, alternate, firmly membranous, glabrous, of nearly same 
 dark colour and shining on both sides, minutely pellucid-punctate, acuminate at apex, some- 
 what narrowed at base, 4 J 6 J in. long by 1| 2 in. wide, including petiole in. long ; 
 midrib depressed and veins inconspicuously reticulated above, lateral veins anastomosing within 
 the margin beneath. Flowers solitary, axillary, very nearly sessile ; polygamous (a male 
 flower and a young fruit growing on the same specimen), tetramerous. Calyx -^ in. long, 
 spreading, puberulous, but glabrescent outside, deeply 44obed, lobes ^ in. long, ovate, cor- 
 date and dilated at base, acuminate at apex, spreading, with margins reflexed outwards, 
 especially near base, somewhat plicate ; tube thickened and hairy inside, cup-shaped, the 
 thickened portion extending upwards a short distance up the middle of the lobes. 
 
 <$. Corolla conical in bud, J in. high, glabrous above, puberulous below outside, deeply 
 lobed ; lobes acute. Stamens 8, equal, in one row, glabrous, J in. long ; anthers com- 
 pressed, T ^ in. long. Style ^ in. long, straight, erect, slightly puberulous below the lobed 
 apex, receptacle (rudimentary ovary) puberulous. 
 
 9 . Young fruit ^ in. high by -fa in. thick, bluntly pointed at apex, pubescent ; 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 27 
 
210 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 fruit globose, subglabrate, \ in. in diameter, unequally 8-celled. Fruiting calyx not 
 lengthened, spreading, about in. high, supporting base of fruit ; tube with raised rim 
 within. 
 
 Philippine Islands, Cuming ! 1496, 1506. 
 
 80. DIOSPYROS TETRANDRA, sp. nov., non Span. 
 
 D, foliis alternis, elliptico-oblongis, acuminatis, basi angustatis, tenuiter coriaceis, glabris, 
 graciliter reticulatis, petiolatis; floribus masculis 3-nis, brevissime cymosis, tetrameris, tubu- 
 losis, extus hispidis, calyce late campanulato, 4s-fido, corolla breviter ^-fidd, staminibus 4, 
 csqualibus, antheris hispidis, ovarii rudimento hirsute ; floribus femineis, 1 3-nis, subsessilibus, 
 stylis 4 ; fructibus solitariis, subsessilibus, globosis, nitidis ; calyce fructifero aucto, concaw- 
 plicato. 
 
 A tree (?), shining and quite glabrous except buds, inflorescence, &c. ; young branches 
 terete, with smooth bark. Leaves alternate, elliptic-oblong, acuminate, somewhat narrowed 
 at base, thinly coriaceous, 4 8 in. long by If 3 in. wide ; midrib narrowly depressed 
 above ; lateral veins elear and slender beneath, arching and anastomosing within the 
 margin, inconspicuous and very delicate as well as the net- veins above ; petioles ^ f 
 in. long, with bladdery tumours on the under-side (especially on the younger ones of the 
 male plants) extending from the top downwards and disappearing from the older petioles. 
 
 $ . Inflorescence axillary, very short, 3-flowered, with short rufous setae ; flowers sub- 
 sessile, f in. long, slender, with short rufous hairs. Calyx in. long, 4-fid ; lobes acute, 
 somewhat spreading. Corolla tubular, shortly 4-fid ; lobes spreading, rounded, -fa in. long. 
 Stamens 4, inserted on the receptacle or at very base of corolla, equal, distinct ; anthers 
 linear, with reddish short hairs, apiculate, as long as the glabrous filaments. Ovary ru^ 
 dimentary, rufous-hairy. 
 
 9 . Inflorescence axillary, 1 3-flowered, shortly pubescent, without the flowers about 
 equalling the petiole ; bracts ovate, shortly pubescent ; pedicels J^ in. long ; flowers nearly 
 % in. long, 4 5-, usually 4-, merous, with short appressed hairs. Calyx .J in. high by ^ in. 
 wide, rather larger in fruit, 4-lobed, lobes cordate, acuminate or emarginate, roundly plicate. 
 Corolla elongate-urceolate, with reflexed ovate lobes. Staminodes . . Ovary . . . Styles 4, 
 hairy. Fruit solitary, globose, f in. in diameter, shining, with short inconspicuous ap- 
 pressed hairs, or subglabrate ; fruiting calyx \ f in. wide, \ f in. high ; lobes forming 
 below dependent hollows, ascending above. 
 
 Guiana, Martin!, Budge! A. D. 1806, Foiteau! 
 
 Plate VI. A branch in male flower-bud, natural size. a. A piece of a male branch 
 with more advanced flowers, natural size. b. A male flower on branch, magnified 3 dia- 
 meters, c. A male calyx, magnified 6 diameters, d. The andrcecium with rudimentary 
 ovary in centre, magnified 6 diameters, e. A female branch with empty calyx, natural 
 size. f. A piece of a fruiting branch, the fruit fractured, natural size. 
 
 81. DIOSPYROS SPRUCEI, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis oblongis, apice valde acuminatis, basi subrotundis, coriaceis, supra glabris 
 nitidis, subtus ferrugineo-tomentosis, nervis manifestis, petiolatis ; floribus masculis aggregatis, 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^l. 211 
 
 dense cymosis, ferrugineo-tomentosis, tetrameris, calyce campanulato, lobis deltoideis, corolla 
 tubulosd, lobis rotundatis patentibus, staminibus 16, glabris, geminatis, inaqualibus, corollce 
 tubo brevioribus, ovarii rudimento rufo-tomentoso. 
 
 A slender straight tree, 60 feet high, with ferruginous-pubescent branches. Leaves ob- 
 long, nearly rounded at base, much acuminate and sub-caudate at apex, coriaceous, glabrous 
 and with depressed veins on the upper side, ferruginous-tomentose with strong veins beneath, 
 alternate, about 1 ft. long by 3 3f in.- wide, edges recurved ; petioles J f in. long, thick, 
 "recurved" (Spruce). 
 
 $ . Flowers ferruginous-tomentose outside, in many-flowered ferruginous cymes ; cymes 
 about Jin. long (excluding the flowers); pedicels about ^ in. long, stout. Calyx in. long, 
 campanulate, shortly tomentose on both sides, 4-fid with deltoid lobes. Corolla about J in. 
 long, tubular, with 4 patent lobes, glabrous inside, tube -fin. long; lobes ^ in. long, rounded, 
 pale green. Stamens 16, nearly or quite glabrous, in 8 pairs, sub-equal in those pairs which 
 are opposite the corolla lobes and unequal in the alternate pairs ; the longer ones in. long 
 with the anthers about equalling the filaments ; inserted at base of corolla ; anthers with 
 very few hairs on the back or glabrous ; filaments glabrous. Ovary rudimentary, rufous- 
 tomentose. 
 
 South America, Columbia, San Carlos, frequent in the woods near river Guasie", $ fl. 
 October. Spruce ! 3138. 
 
 Plate VIII. A branch in male flower, natural size. a. A male flower-bud, magnified 
 2 diameters, b. A male flower expanded, magnified 2 diameters, c. A male corolla laid open 
 shewing the stamens, magnified 3J diameters, d, e. Contiguous pairs of stamens, magnified 
 3J diameters. 
 
 82. DIOSPYROS MARITIMA, Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. p. 669 (1825). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus vel oblongis, utrinque obtusis, coriaceis, glabris, petiolatis, flo- 
 ribus masculis aggregates, 3 7-nis, subsessilibus, elongato-campanulatis, pubescentibus, calyce 
 campanulato, apice 4 5- rarius 3-dentato, corolld tubulosd, 4<-fidd, staminibus 15 18, ince- 
 qualibus, plerisque geminatis, antheris glabris, filamentis basi hirsutis brevissimis; floribus 
 femineis solitariis vel binis, staminodiis 4 10, glabris, ovario 8-loculari, ferrugineo-pubescente, 
 fructibus subglobosis, glabrescentibus, seminum albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. VIH. p. 234. n. 62 (1844), Decaisne in Nouv. Ann. Mus. III. p. 406 (1834). 
 Cargillia laxa, R. Br. Prodr. p. 526. n. 1 (1810), Alph. DC. Prodr. vni. p. 243. n. 2 (1844), 
 Benth. Fl. Austr. IV. p. 287 (1869). 
 
 Cargilia maritima, Hassk. Cat. PI. Hort. Bot. Bogor. II. p. 159 (1844). 
 
 Cargillia megalocarpa, F. Muell. Fragm. V. p. 163 (1866). 
 
 Maba megalocarpa, F. Muell. I.e. 
 
 Diospyros tetrandra, Spanoghe ! in Linnaea xv. p. 336 (1841), non mihi. 
 
 Diospyros megalocarpa, F. Muell. Austral. Veg. in Intercolonial Essays, 1866 67, p. 35 
 
 (1867). 
 
 A small tree 8 10 feet high with moderately thick trunk, dense head and drooping 
 branches, or a handsome tree attaining 50 feet, glabrous except the buds and inflorescence; 
 
 272 
 
212 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 branches and shoots terete, rather slender. Leaves oblong or oval, coriaceous or thinly so, 
 of nearly same colour on both sides, shining above, alternate, usually rounded or obtuse 
 near base, obtuse at apex, 2 10 Jin. long by 1^ 3^ in. wide, often with 2 glands at base 
 near the petiole ; petioles | J in. long ; midrib depressed above ; lateral veins rather clear 
 beneath, raised and not conspicuous above. Bracts several, rather small, on very short 
 stalks. 
 
 f. Flowers 3 7 together, crowded, subsessile, |in. long in bud, elongate-campanulate. 
 Calyx campanulate, 4 5- rarely 3-toothed at the apex, silky-puberulous on both sides, 
 in. long, coriaceous ; lobes depth of calyx, depresso-deltoid. Corolla 4-fid, silky outside, 
 2 4; times the length of the calyx, tubular, fin. long. Stamens 15 18, inserted at base 
 of corolla, mostly in pairs, unequal ; filaments very short, hirsute at base ; anthers lanceolate- 
 subulate or oblong, glabrous ; pollen white, globose. Ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 ? . Flowers 1 2 together, subsessile, about in. long in bud. Calyx like $ but 
 thicker especially in fruit. Corolla rds 4-fid. Staminodes 4 10, glabrous. Styles 4, short. 
 Ovary ferruginous-pubescent, 8-celled ; cells 1-ovuled (4-celled, cells 2-ovuled according to 
 E. Brown). Fruiting calyx broadly cup-shaped or flatly appressed to base of fruit, 4 5- 
 lobed, coriaceous, about f in. across, often in. high. Fruiting peduncle very short and 
 much thickened and continuous with calyx. Fruit depresso-globular, glabrescent, f 1 in. 
 high by f 1 in. thick, 4 (?) -celled and seeded, marked at the apex by remains of short style. 
 Seeds nearly |in. long, somewhat compressed, brown and shining; albumen white, not 
 ruminated. Radicle longer than the ovate cotyledons. 
 
 N. Australia, Gulf of Carpentaria, opposite Groote Island, R. Brown! ; Escape Cliffs, 
 Hulls; Queensland, Cape York, W. Hill! ; Timor, Zippelius, Decaisne! , Gaichenol! , Spanoghef; 
 S. Java, JBlumef , Zollinger ! n. 1833; Java, Leschenault ! ; Straits of Sunda, Ld. Macartney! 
 Java, Hasskarl! ; De Vriese and Teijsmann! 1859 60. Menado, Celebes, poisonous tree. 
 Teijsmann and De Vriese/. 
 
 83. DIOSPYROS PHILIPPINENSIS, Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 231. n. 43 (1844). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, apice obtuse acuminatis, basi angustatis, tenuiter coriaceis, 
 glabrescentibus, breviter petiolatis ; floribus femineis 1 3-nis, breviter cymosis, bracteatis, tetra- 
 meris, pubescentibus, calyce profunde lobato, corolld tubulosd, 4>-fidd, staminodiis 6, leviter 
 pubescentibus, ovario ovoideo-conico, fulvo-pubescente, 4e-loculari, loculis 1-ovulatis. 
 
 Young shoots buds inflorescence and underside midrib and margin of young leaves 
 covered with short tawny tomentum ; branches glabrescent. Leaves oval, rather shortly and 
 obtusely acuminate at apex, obtusely narrowed at base, thinly coriaceous, alternate, gla- 
 brescent, shining above, 2 5 Jin. long by 1^ 2^ in. wide; petioles in. long; midrib 
 depressed above ; lateral veins distant, slender, inconspicuous especially above. 
 
 9 . Flowers in axillary 1 3-flowered bracteated cymes with several imbricated scales 
 at the base, or solitary near the base of the young shoots of the year; peduncles or pe- 
 dicels -3*5 % in. long ; bracts rounded, tawny-pubescent ; scales at the base of the young 
 shoots several, much imbricated ; flowers f in. long, tawny-pubescent outside, erect. Calyx 
 J in. long, loose, glabrous and shining inside, deeply 4-fid with rounded or sometimes api- 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 213 
 
 culate imbricated lobes. Corolla glabrous inside, 4-fid ; tube \ in. long by \ in. thick ; lobes 
 oval, spreading and recurved, somewhat cordate at base, round at apex, imbricated. Sta- 
 minodes 6 (in one flower), equal, somewhat tawny-hairy. Style very short, cut at apex. 
 Ovary ovoid-conical, tawny hairy ! 4-celled ! ; cells 1-ovuled ; according to Alph. DC. I. c. the 
 ovary is glabrous and 6- (or 6 8-) celled. 
 
 Manila, Philippine Islands, Cuming ! 1142. 
 
 84.. DIOSPTROS PILOSANTHERA, Blanco, Fl. Filipin. p. 304 (1837). 
 
 D. caule arboreo, foliis alternis, lanceolatis, coriaceis, glabris, lasi 2 S-glandulosis, bre- 
 vissime petiolatis; floribus [femineis ?] axillaribus sessilibus, 6-nis vel ultra, calyce 4 5-lobo t 
 lobis revolutis, corolld calyce longiore pilosd, 5-lobd, staminibus 5 6, antlieris medio pilosis 
 (sterilibus 1\ stylis 4, baccd 10-spermd. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 237. n. 77 (1844). 
 
 A tree with hard wood. Leaves alternate, lanceolate, glabrous, coriaceous, with 2 or 
 3 glandular depressions at the base beneath ; petioles very short. 
 
 9 (?) Flowers axillary, sessile, 6 or more together; calyx with 4 or 5 large teeth 
 recurved and bordered at maturity; corolla longer than the calyx, covered with hair outside, 
 naked at the throat, 5-lobed ; stamens 5 6 ; filaments short ; anthers with a line of hairs 
 along the middle; stigmas 4; fruit baccate, 10-seeded, edible; like a small guava; seeds 
 horny, semicircular and thin at the two sides, and convex on the exterior. 
 
 Philippine Islands, Blanco. 
 
 85. DIOSPYROS LANCE^FOLIA, Roxb. Cat. PI. Fl. Ind. (1813). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis vel lanceolatis, apice acuminatis, basi angustatis, coriaceis, 
 glabris ; floribus masculis fasciculatis, dense cymosis, 3 5 -mis, pubescentibus, tetrameris, calyce 
 campanulato, corolld tubulosd, staminibus 14 16, geminatis, incequalibus, subglabris ; floribus 
 femineis solitariis, subsessilibus, axillaribus, 4 5-meris, staminodiis 8 10, ovario pubescente, 
 8-loculari, fructibus subglobosis, tomentosis, seminum albumine non ruminato. ' 
 
 Fl. Ind., Edit. 1832, vol. II. p. 537 ; Roxb. drawings no. 2508 ; Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 232. 
 n. 46 (1844). 
 
 D. multiflora, Wall. List, n. 4144 (18281832), Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 231. n. 45, 
 non Blanco. 
 
 (?) D. amaena, Wall. List. n. 4139 (182832), Alph. DC. I.e. p. 231. n. 44 (1844), 
 Ettingsh. Blatt-skel. Dikot. t. 41. f. 11 (1861). 
 
 Qoolal or Goolul is the vernacular name in Sillet, ex Roxb. I. c. 
 
 A pretty large tree, furnishing hard durable timber suitable for the construction of 
 houses ; glabrous except the buds under side of young leaves inflorescence and fruit. 
 Leaves oblong oblong-lanceolate or -ovate, more or less narrowed at base, acuminate at apex, 
 with midrib depressed on upper side, coriaceous, alternate, rather pale on both sides, with 
 veins not conspicuous above, 2 3 6 9J in. long by 2 in. wide, besides petioles 
 $ Jin. long. 
 
214 MR HIERN, ON EBENACEJ3. 
 
 J 1 . Flowers fascicled on very short dense cymes, 3 5 together, densely ferruginous- 
 pubescent, | | in. long, tetramerous. Calyx campanulate, -fa \ in. long, hairy on both sides, 
 4-fid or more shortly 4-lobed, with deltoid lobes. Corolla tubular with inflated tube, glabrous 
 inside; lobes spreading, shorter than the tube. Stamens 14, 16, united in pairs by thin 
 filaments and inserted at base of corolla, or hypogynous ; inner ones shorter, f in. long, 
 glabrous except base of anthers or apex of filaments; common filaments ^ in. long; con- 
 nective apiculate. Ovary 0; receptacle hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, subsessile, axillary, near together, 4 5-merous, \ in. long, densely 
 tawny-pubescent ; bracts short, pubescent, imbricated. Calyx in. high, 4 5-lobed ; lobes 
 with sides sometimes reflexed. Corolla-lobes cordate (ex Roxb.), imbricated. Staminodes 
 8 10, short, inserted at base of corolla. Style very short, about 8-lobed ; ovary 8-celled, 
 hairy. Fruit ovoid or globose, usually pointed at the apex, tawny-torn entose or appressedly 
 silky, 1 in. or more long. Fruiting calyx pubescent on both sides, 1 in. across, with crass 
 somewhat concave tube and 4 or 5 lobes spreading or recurved and much thinner towards 
 the margins. Albumen not ruminated. 
 
 East Bengal, Griffith! 3631, 3634; Sillet, Wallich! 4144, 4139 (?); Khasia, Churra, 
 foot of hills; Drs J. D. Hooker and T. Tlwmsonl 20 June 1850, in young fruit. In 
 Khasia? or Cachar? it is called Soi-lo and is a poison for fish, Drs J. D. Hooker and 
 T. Thomson/ 
 
 86. DIOSPYHOS GARDNERI, Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PI. p. 181. n. 12 (1860). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi leviter ang-ustatis, tenuiter coriaceis, gla- 
 bris, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis 1 4-m's, subsessilibus, tetrameris, pubescentibus, calyce 
 campanulato, corolld hypocrateriformi, staminibus 16, pubescentibus ; floribus femineis solitariis, 
 ovario 8-loculari, fructibus depresso-globosis, subglabratis. 
 
 Beddome, Ic. PI. Ind. Or. (Pt. VII.) p. 27. t. 132 (1871). 
 Patonia WaUcerii, Wight, 111. I. p. 19 (1840). 
 
 A moderate-sized tree; young shoots puberulous, quickly glabrescent. Leaves alternate, 
 thinly coriaceous or submembranous, glabrous, shining above with inconspicuous veins and 
 channelled midrib, oblong, acuminate at apex, somewhat narrowed at base, 3 7 in. long by 
 1 2 in. wide ; petioles | | in. long ; lateral veins depressed on the upper surface in the 
 thinner-leaved specimens. 
 
 <J . Flowers pubescent, 1 4 together, subsessile, on very short axillary pubescent cymes. 
 Bracts small. Calyx in., campanulate, 4-fid, covered with short hairs on both sides ; lobes 
 deltoid. Corolla about ^ in. long, conical in bud, salver-shaped in full flower, covered 
 outside with appressed ferruginous silky shining hairs, glabrous inside, tube somewhat inflated 
 below, with 4 spreading lobes about half the length of the tube. Stamens 16 (or about 12 
 according to Dr Thwaites), in pairs ; filaments short, pilose ; anthers linear, glabrous or some- 
 what hairy. Ovary or represented by a bunch of hairs. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 215 
 
 2 . Flowers solitary, erect, axillary, \ in. long ; peduncles -^ in. long. Calyx \ in. long, 
 covered with short tawny pubescence, openly campanulate, 4-fid ; lobes with undulated and 
 recurved margins. Corolla-lobes lanceolate, about the length of the tube. Ovary 8-celled. 
 Fruit depresso-globose, about 1 in. long (unripe), glabrate or with remains of ferruginous 
 pubescence. Fruiting calyx accrescent, about \ in. high by 1 J in. across at top ; lobes pointed 
 and patent at apex; tube hemispherical. The timber of this tree is valuable for building 
 and for cabinet-work, Dr Thwaites loc. cit. 
 
 Ceylon, Thwaites! C. P. 1908, Macrae! 30, Walker /, Gardner! 532, up to 2000ft. alt, 
 called Kadoombaireya-gass. 
 
 87. DIOSPYROS HEUDELOTII, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovato-ovalibus, apice breviter acuminatis, basi obtusis, tenuiter coriaceis, 
 subglabratis, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis aggregatis, 4 Q-nis, subsessilibus, pubescenti- 
 bus, calyce breviter 4 5-fido, corolla tubulosd, lobis obtusis, staminibus 13 15, filamentis bre- 
 vibus hirsutis. 
 
 Bushy tree 3 4 metres high; young parts puberulous; branches terete, dark, at about 
 35, quickly glabrescent. Leaves ovate-oval, alternate, obtusely narrowed at base, shortly 
 acuminate at apex, thinly coriaceous ; dark green, glabrous and with depressed veins above ; 
 paler with few weak scattered appressed whitish hairs and with raised veins beneath ; 2 3 in. 
 long by 1 1J in. wide; petioles ^ in. long, wrinkled, glabrous; margins of leaves just 
 recurved. 
 
 cJ . Cymes very short, 4 6-flowered, ferruginous-hairy ; bracts short, hairy. Flowers 
 (closed in specimen) shortly and appressedly pubescent, whitish, sweet-scented, subsessile. 
 Calyx -^ in. high, campanulate, 4 5-fid, with ovate lobes. Corolla oblong, inflated in middle, 
 4 5-lobed at apex, glabrous inside, J in. long ; lobes emarginate. Stamens 15, or in a tetra- 
 merous flower 13, inserted at very base of corolla or on receptacle, nearly equal, -fa in. long ; 
 filaments pubescent, very short, more or less connate at base ; anthers linear, narrower towards 
 apex, with a few hairs on back; dehiscing laterally by slits. Ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 Africa, Senegambia, Heudelot ! 638, October, January. 
 
 Plate V. fig. 2. A male flowering branch, natural size. a. Male flower-bud, magnified 
 4 diameters, b. Half the corolla laid open, shewing some of the stamens, magnified 4 dia- 
 meters, c. A pair of stamens, magnified 4 diameters. 
 
 88. DIOSPYROS UNDULATA, Wall. List, n. 4136 (182832). 
 
 D. foliis lanceolato-oblongis, alternis, apice acuminatis, basi angustatis vel subrotundatis, 
 glabris, nitidis, firmiter membranaceis, petiolatis; floribus masculis breviter cymosis, 3 9-nis, 
 ferrugineo-pubescentibus, tetrameris, calyce 4-fido, corolla tubulosd, breviter 4-lobd, lobis obtusis, 
 staminibus 11 14, pubescentibus ; floribus femineis 1 3-nis, breviter pedunculatis vel subsessi- 
 libus, fructibus subglobosis, appresse pilosis, plurilocularibus, seminibus compressis, albumine non 
 ruminato, calyce fructifero aucto, crasso, fructus basim amplectente. 
 
216 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vill. p. 233. n. 55 (1844) ; G. Don, Gen. Syst. Card, and Bot. IV. p. 40. 
 n. 38 (1837). 
 
 Var. ft (?). D. macrophylla, Wall n. 4141 (1828 32), non Blume ; foliis fructuque majoribus. 
 
 A tree ; branches glabrous or young shoots puberulous. Leaves oblong or lanceolate- 
 oblong, more or less acuminate at apex, acute or more or less rounded but not subcordate 
 at base, firmly membranous, glabrous, shining, alternate, 3 15 in. long by 1 5 in. wide, 
 besides petioles \ J in. long, thinly coriaceous ; margins reflexed ; midrib depressed above ; 
 lateral veins inconspicuous or depressed above. Inflorescence axillary, ferruginous-hairy. 
 
 (J. Flowers J Jin. long (in bud), conic-oblong, ferruginous- hairy, sessile on 3 9-flowered 
 cymes not exceeding them in length, except in var. /8; bracts ovate. Calyx short, 4-fid, 
 with deltoid acute lobes, less hairy inside except near the margins. Corolla tubular, glabrous 
 inside, shortly 4-lobed, with obtuse spreading lobes. Stamens 11 14, inserted on the receptacle 
 or at base of corolla, some in pairs, unequal except var. y3; anthers linear, hairy, sub- 
 sessile, filaments short, hairy. Ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 ? . Flowers solitary or 3 together ; peduncles or cymes short, not exceeding -J in. long. 
 Fruit subglobose, about 1 in. long by nearly the same width, flat at the top and slightly 
 urnbilicate at base of style, appressedly brown-hairy, about 6-celled and 6-seeded ; pericarp 
 thick ; pulp mucilaginous ; seeds compressed, about f in. long ; albumen not ruminated ; 
 embryo ^ in. long ; cotyledons foliaceous, lanceolate, about as long as the radicle ; fruiting 
 calyx erect, embracing about half the fruit, very crass, hairy inside ; 4-fid, with the sinuses 
 nearly filled on the inner side ; lobes deltoid, occasionally spreading at the tips. 
 
 Amherst, Wattich! 4136; Moulmein, Parish.'; Malacca, Griffith/ 3619, 3636, Maingay ! 
 977. Var. /3. Tavoy, Wallich! 4141; Mergui, Griffith!; Malacca, Maingay! 974. 
 
 89. DIOSPYROS MULTIFLORA, Blanco, Fl. Filipin. p. 303 (1837), non Wall. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, lanceolato-oblongis, apice obtusis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, subtus puberulis, 
 petiolatis ; floribus masculis 8-nis, aggregatis, brevissime cymosis, pubescentibus, calyce 4 5-fido, 
 corolla tubulosd, apice lobatd, staminibus 15 18, filamentis hirsutis, antheris alabris ; fructibus 
 venenosis. 
 
 Diospyros Canomoi, Alph. DC. Prodr. vill. p. 237. n. 78 (1844). 
 D.^Lotus, Blanco, Fl. Filipin. edit. IT. p. 210 (1845), non Linn. 
 
 A tree, glabrous except the buds, inflorescence and underside of leaves ; branches terete, 
 dark ; leaves lanceolate-oblong, alternate, coriaceous, obtusely lanceolate or rounded at apex, 
 cuneate at base and often with 2 glands on the upper side, glabrous with depressed and 
 not conspicuous veins above, tomentose-puberulous, subglabrescent beneath, 6 8 in. long by 
 1| 2J in. wide; besides petioles J Jin. long; margins revolute. 
 
 <J . Flowers ferruginous-pubescent, in. long, axillary in clusters of about 8 each, sessile, 
 in very short ferruginous-pubescent cymes, tetramerous or pentamerous. Calyx -fa in. long, 
 4 5-fid, ferruginous-tomentose on both sides; lobes deltoid, spreading in flower. Corolla 
 glabrous inside, lobed at apex, rather fleshy, in. long, tubular. Stamens 18 (in one case), 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACEJ2. 217 
 
 15 or more, hypogynous or at base of corolla, more or less combined at base by their 
 hairy filaments ; anthers linear, apiculate, glabrous. Ovary 0. 
 
 9. Fruit poisonous; reported to intoxicate fish; "even the crocodile it causes to rush 
 from the water hurriedly." Flowers sweet-scented. By rubbing the bark and leaves on 
 eruptions, it is said that the latter disappear. 
 
 Local names Canomoi, Canomai. 
 
 Philippine Islands, Cuming ! 1829, Blanco. 
 
 90. DIOSPYROS BIFLORA, Blanco, FL Filipin. p. 303 (1837). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, lanceolatis, glabris, subcoriaceis, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis 
 axillaribus, binis, calyce campanulato, 3 4-lobo, corolld carnosd campanulato-oUongd, 4-lobd, 
 staminibus 17 30, corollce basi insertis, filamentis brevissimis lanuginosis, ovarii rudimento 
 pubescente. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 237. n. 76 (1844). 
 
 A tree of 30 feet high. Leaves alternate, lanceolate, quite glabrous, entire, subcoriaceous, 
 with only 2 glands at the base below; petioles very short and without glands. 
 
 $ . Flowers axillary, 2 together, with a strong smell. Calyx campanulate, 3 4-lobed. 
 Corolla fleshy, double the length of the calyx, inflated in the middle and narrowed above, 
 forming a throat, with 4 reflexed lobes. Stamens 17 30, inserted on the corolla and not 
 reaching the throat ; filaments very short, woolly ; anthers very long. Ovary hairy ; style 
 very short ; stigma and fruit wanting. 
 
 Philippine Islands, Blanco, Tagatog name Talang ; flowers in June. 
 
 91. DIOSPYROS (?) PARVIFOLIA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovatis, apice rotundatis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, glabrescentibus, nitidis, 
 parvis, breviter petiolatis, venis inconspicuis ; floribus masculis solitariis, subsessilibus, axilla- 
 ribus, pubescentibus, calyce campanulato, trilobo, corolld 4<-Jidd, staminibus 12, glabris, corollce 
 basi insertis, biserialibus, antheris apice dehiscentibus, ovarii rudimento ferrugineo-hirsuto. 
 
 Branches cinereous, at about 30, the younger ones rufous-hispid at first, subsequently 
 whitish-hairy, ultimately glabrate. Leaves alternate, obovate or obovate-oblong, rounded at 
 apex, cuneate at base, hairy beneath when quite young, quickly glabrescent, coriaceous, 
 with margins just reflexed, without conspicuous veins, shining, J fin. long by Jin. 
 wide, including petiole ^5 j^in. long. 
 
 <J . Bracts rufous-hairy, ovate or lanceolate ; flowers solitary, subsessile, rufous-hairy, 
 axillary ; calyx -fa \ in. long, campanulate, 3-lobed, rufous-hairy on both sides, lobes depth 
 of calyx, rounded; corolla openly campanulate, covered with silky ferruginous hairs out- 
 side, glabrous within, in. long (when straightened), 4-fid with reflexed and somewhat 
 emarginate lobes ; stamens 12 Z glabrous, inserted at or near base of tube of corolla, in 
 2 rows, distinct, the inner ones at a lower level, filaments ^5 ^in. long; anthers ^in. 
 long, dehiscing laterally by apical pores; ovary rudimentary, represented by a bunch of 
 ferruginous hairs. 
 
 Madagascar ! 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 28 
 
218 MK HIEKN, ON EBEN AGILE. 
 
 92. DlOSPYEOS BUXIFOLIA. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovato-ellipticis, utrinque angustatis, coriaceis, supra lucidis, subtus se- 
 riceo-pubescentibus, subsessilibus, confertis, nervis inconspicuis ; floribus axillaribus, subsessilibus, 
 masculis 3 4-m's, confertis, femineis solitariis, calyce 4-fido, corolla 4<-fidd, breviter et late 
 campamtlatd, intus glabrd, staminibus 10 16, geminatis, glabris, in flore femineo ; antheris 
 apice rimosis; ovario femineo 4-loculari superne pubescente inferne glabro, loculis 1-ovulatis; 
 fructibus oblongis, 1 %-spermis, albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Leucoxylum bumfolium, Bl. Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. p. 1169 (1826); Choisy, Me*m. Ternstr. 
 p. 43. t. 2 (1855) ; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. p. 1049 (1856). 
 
 Diospyros microphylla, Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. (vil) p. 27. t. 133 (1871). 
 
 A large tree with glabrescent terete branches and straight trunk. Young shoots and 
 inflorescence covered with pale ferruginous pubescence. Leaves distichous, close together, 
 easily falling (in dried state), firm, occasionally minutely pellucid-punctate, the younger ones 
 silky beneath, without conspicuous veins, ovate-oval, narrowed at both ends, subsessile, 
 | 2 Jin. long by $$ |in. wide; midrib depressed and often puberulous above. Flowers 
 dioscious. 
 
 <J . Flowers 3 or 4 together, subsessile, very short axillary cymes ; flower ^ in. long, 
 tetramerous. Calyx yg-in. high, covered with short hairs, having 4 rounded imbricated 
 lobes ^jin. deep. Corolla i^in. high, with 4 rounded apiculate reflexed lobes ^in. deep, 
 hairy along middle lines outside. Stamens 10 16 (16 ! in all the flowers examined), glabrous, 
 united by their filaments in pairs, the inner ones the shorter ; anthers ovate or oblong, 
 dehiscing at apex ; filaments slender, equalling or exceeding the anthers, inserted at base of 
 corolla. Ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, subsessile. Calyx 4-fid, with rounded lobes much imbricated in 
 bud, pubescent outside; corolla ^in. long, 4-fid, hairy outside; staminodes 0. Ovary 4- 
 celled, ellipsoidal and glabrous below, conical and pubescent above, cells 1-ovuled; style 
 bipartite, short. Fruit cylindrical or oblong, conical at apex, dry, 1-celled, 1- rarely 2- 
 seeded, | |in. long by | Jin. wide, pointed, glabrous and shining or subglabrous or 
 fulvous pubescent at apex resting at base on small spreading pubescent or ciliate calyx ; 
 albumen cartilaginous not ruminated ; cotyledons about equalling the radicle. 
 
 Malacca, Maingay ! 966 "ovary rudimentary 4-lobed;" Java, Blume!, Zollinger ! 3247, 
 3488; Jndia, S. Canara, &c., Major Beddome!; Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 1973. 
 
 Major Beddome I.e. states that the S. Canara plant has the habit of Leucoxylum 
 buxifolium, Miq., but he does not regard his plant as the same species with it. According 
 to Zollinger in the Obs. Bot. Nov. p. 18 (1857) the flowers in both sexes are usually 
 pentamerous, the stamens usually 10, free, and the ovary apparently 2-celled. 
 
 93. DIOSPYEOS VESCOI, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovatis, apice rotundatis, basi angustatis, coriaceis, subtus puberulis, 
 inconspicue reticulatis, confertis, petiolatis, margine revolutis; floribus masculis axillaribus, 
 breviter cymosis, calyce laxe hemisphcerico, 4>-fido, extus tomentoso, corolld campanulatd utrinque 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACEJE. 219 
 
 tomentosd, breviter 4- rarius 3- vel o-fidd, lobis obtusis, staminibus 13 16, plerisque geminatis, 
 corollce basi insertis, antheris glabris, apice rimosis, filamentis tomentosis, ovario rudimentario. 
 
 Young parts ferruginous, shortly pubescent ; branches pale, cinereous, terete. Leaves 
 alternate, obovate, rounded or emarginate at apex, narrowed or nearly rounded at base, 
 coriaceous, puberulous with curved hairs on both sides especially beneath, crowded, 1 3 in. 
 long by | 1| in. wide ; petioles | in. long, puberulous, margins revolute, reticulated with 
 delicate inconspicuous veins in faint relief on both sides, midrib slightly depressed above. 
 
 $ . Inflorescence axillary on young shoots, \ f in. long, ferruginous, pubescent with 
 short hairs; peduncle -^ fin. long; pedicels -fa in. long; flowers ^ Jin., openly cam- 
 panulate ; calyx I in. long, hemispherical, tomentose outside, 4-fid, sometimes unequally 
 so, lobes widely ovate-deltoid ; corolla campanulate, shortly 4-fid, occasionally 3- or 5-lobed, 
 tomentose on both sides, lobes ovate-oval, obtuse; stamens 13 16, all or mostly in pairs, 
 inserted near base of corolla, inner ones shorter, anthers glabrous, equal, lanceolate, acu- 
 minate, filaments tomentose ; ovary rudimentary, receptacle tomentose. 
 Madagascar, Port Leven, Vesco ! , St Marie, Boivin! 2539 b. 
 
 94. DIOSPYROS MORRISIANA, Hance ex Walp. Ann. iii. p. 14 (1852). 
 
 D. foliis ovalibus, alternis, apice acuminatis, basi angustatis, tenuiter coriaceis, glabris, 
 petiolatis ; floribus masculis S-nis, breviter cymosis, tetrameris, calyce utrinque pubescente, 
 4-fido, corolld urceolata, breviter 4>-lobd, lobis obtusis, staminibus 16 25, scepius 20, plerisque 
 geminatis, corollce basi insertis, antheris linearibus, pubescentibus, ovarii rudimento glabro; 
 fructibus glabris, nitidis, subglobosis, 4>-locularibus, loculis monospermis, seminum albumine non 
 ruminate, calyce fructifero patente, subglabro. 
 
 A shrub (or tree ?) quite glabrous except the buds inflorescence and extremities ; branches 
 dark, terete, spreading at about 30 35. Leaves oval, acuminate at apex, more or less 
 narrowed at base, glabrous, alternate, thinly and firmly coriaceous, with recurved margins, 
 2 3|in. long by 1 l^in. wide, besides petiole | |in. long; shining above; veins few 
 and slight. 
 
 <J . Flowers whitish, \ in. long, tetramerous, 3 together on short drooping ferruginous- 
 hairy axillary cymes ; peduncles and pedicels each about -fa in. long ; calyx ferruginous-hairy on 
 both sides, 4-fid, -fo in. long, erect-patent, with deltoid lobes ; corolla about -^ in. long, tu- 
 buloso-urceolate in flower, ovate-conical in bud, lobes -^ in. long recurved, obtuse ; stamens 
 numerous, 16 25, usually about 20, mostly united in pairs, outer ones the longer, inserted 
 at base of corolla, about in. long; anthers linear, apiculate, hairy, dehiscing from apex; 
 filaments short, glabrous; ovary rudimentary, glabrous. 
 
 9 . Flowers unknown. Fruit glabrous and shining, yellow, nearly globular, J in. in 
 diameter, 4-celled ; cells 1-seeded. Fruiting calyx nearly flat, nearly glabrate, -fa in. across ; 
 seeds -$$ in. long, compressed, chestnut-coloured ; albumen cartilaginous, not ruminated. The 
 male flowers appear in May; the fruit gathered in December is edible. 
 
 Hong Kong, Hance! no. 460, G. Wright! 313. 
 
 282 
 
220 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 95. DIOSPTROS SQUAMOSA, Boj. ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 232. n. 49 (1844). 
 
 D. foliis altemis, ovalibus, utrinque obtusis, glaberrimis, coriaceis, petiolatis ; flonbus 
 masculis, 1 3- scepius B-nis, sessilibus, bracteis amplis ovato-rotundatis imbricatis calyce vix 
 brevioribus, calyce campanulato 4 5-fido, corolld breviter k-fida infundibuliformi, staminibus 
 22, corollce basi insertis, filamentis pubescentibus ; fructibus cubico-globosis glabris, apice excepto 
 calyce k-fido aucto ferrugineo-sericeo occultis, stylis 4 brevibus glabris. 
 
 Branches glabrous. Leaves alternate, oval, rather obtuse at both ends especially at 
 base, coriaceous, quite glabrous, flat, 3^ 5 in. long by ! If in. wide; petioles Jin. long; 
 venation delicate, in relief on upper surface. 
 
 <J . Flowers 1 3 together, sessile, rather more than in. long, arising from points on 
 the branchlets rather above the (scars of the fallen) leaves ; bracts 5 6, imbricated, -fa J in. 
 long, the outer ones the shorter, roundly ovate, scarcely falling short of the calyx, ferru- 
 ginous-tomentose at the margins. Calyx campanulate 4 5-fid or shortly lobed, ^ ^ in. 
 long, ferruginous-pilose outside, lobes widely ovate, erect-patent. Corolla funnel-shaped, shortly 
 4 5-fid (?), subglabrous, exceeding the calyx, lobes obtuse. Stamens 22, inserted at the 
 base of the corolla ; filaments short, pubescent, frequently united in pairs. 
 
 9 . Fruit cubic-globose, glabrous, f in. high, concealed except at apex by accrescent 
 calyx; styles 4, short, glabrous. Fruiting calyx crass, ferruginous-sericeous, 4-fid, fin. across, 
 tube tetragonal fin. high, lobes shortly ovate spreading. 
 
 Madagascar, near Foul-pointe, Helsonberg ! ; Chapelier / Local name, Valanguiran. 
 
 96. DIOSPYEOS COMOEENSIS, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ellipticis, apice scepius acuminatis, basi angustatis, coriaceis, glabrescen- 
 tibus; floribus masculis 3 4-ra's, breviter cymosis, tetrameris, calyce laxe cyathiformi, 4t-Jido, 
 corolld urceolatd glabrd carnosd breviter 4<-lobd, staminibus 16 geminatis glabris corolla basi 
 insertis, ovarii rudimento glabro. 
 
 Young parts pilosely pubescent ; branches brown, scarcely terete. Leaves alternate, ellip- 
 tical, coriaceous, narrowed at base and usually acuminate at apex, bluish brown above with 
 cleanly depressed midrib and inconspicuous lateral veins, brown beneath with inconspicuous 
 veins, nearly or quite glabrous, 2 2J in. long by f 1 in. wide including petiole J in., often 
 conduplicate in specimen. 
 
 & . Cymes axillary 3 4-flowered, about J in. long, pilose, subferruginous, recurved, pedicels 
 ^ in. long ; flowers -fa | in. long, tetramerous, ovoid in buds ; calyx \ \ in. long, pubescent 
 on both sides, 4-fid, lobes erect-patent, deltoid ; corolla -$, f in. long, narrowly ovoid in bud, 
 glabrous, fleshy, lobes much imbricated; stamens 16, placed in pairs in two rows at base of 
 corolla, glabrous, j /jin- long; anthers linear longer than the filaments, pollen somewhat 
 4- (?) sidedly ellipsoidal. Ovary rudimentary, glabrous. Female plant at present unknown. 
 
 Comoro Islands, Mayotte, Boimn! 
 
 97. DIOSPYROS MONTANA, Eoxb. Coromand. p. 37. t. 48 (1795). 
 
 D. trunco ramisque interdum spinosis, foliis alternis, ovalibus ml ovatis, apice 
 obtusis vel acutis, basi interdum cordatis, tenuiter coriaceis, pubescentibus vel glabrescentibus, 
 
MR HIEEN, ON EBENACE^E. 221 
 
 deciduis, petiolatis; floribus masculis breviter cymosis, tetrameris, glabriusculis, calyce late 
 campanulato, profunde 4>-fido, lobis ovatis, ciliatis, corolld urceolatd, breviter 4s-lobd, staminibus 
 16, geminatis, glabris vel subglabris, corollce basi insertis ; floribus femineis solitariis, 
 breviter pedunculatis, staminodiis 4 12, glabris, ovario glabro globoso, 8-loculari, loculis 
 1-ovulati's, stylis 4, glabris, seminibus 2 8, albumine non ruminate; calyce fructifero 
 paulum aucto, plus minus reflexo. 
 
 Wall. List n. 4115, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 230. n. 34 (1844), Wight Ic. t. 1225 (1850). 
 
 D. cordifolia, Roxb. 1. c. p. 38. t. 50 (1795) ; Wall. List n. 4116 ; Alph. DC. I. c. n. 36 ; 
 Wight, Illustr. Ind. Bot. Vol. n. t. 148 (1850). 
 
 D. rugosula, R. Br. Prodr. p. 526 (1810)'. 
 
 D. bracteata, Roxb. Cat. PI. Fl. Ind. (1813); Fl. Ind. edit. 1832, Vol. IL p. 539 ex 
 specimine in Hb. Mart.!; Alph. DC. I.e. p. 239. n. 93. 
 
 D. heterophylla, Wall. Cat. Burm. 599, List n. 4138 (182832), Alph. DC. 1. c. p. 230. n. 39. 
 
 D. sylvatica, Wall. List n. 4117! (182832), velutina, Alph. DC. 1. c. p. 231. n. 41 var., 
 non Roxb. 
 
 D. punctata, Decaisne, in N. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. III. p. 407 (1834) ; Herb. Timor. Discr. 
 p. 79 (1835) ; Alph. DC. I c. p. 230. n. 37. 
 
 D. rugulosa, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 229. n. 32 (1844). 
 
 D. Goindu, Dalz. in Kew Journ. iv. p. Ill (1852). 
 
 D. Waldemarii, Klotzsch in Waldemar Reise, p. 101. t. 55 (1862). 
 
 Yerra-gada of the Telingas (R. montana, Roxb.) ex Roxb. I. c. ; Kak-woolymera of the 
 Telingas (R. cordifolia, Roxb.) ex Roxb. I.e.; Vakanoi, Neilygerry Mts., base, Leschanault ! 
 198 (large tree), seen in Hb. Mus. Paris; Tumala, the Sanscrit name, Bun-Gaub, 
 in Bengal, ex Roxb. Fl. Ind. (edit. 1832) vol. II. p. 538 ; Kola Goindu in Canara, 
 Kala Nuddi, teste Dr Ritchie; Makar Kend, Hindwi dialect of Behar, ex Hamilt. in 
 Tran. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 113 (1827) ; Gavindu or Goindu, ex Graham, Cat. PL Bomb, 
 p. 108 (1839) ; Jugalagunti (signifies scolding wife), ex Buchanan, Journey, vol. I. p. 183 (1807). 
 
 A tree often with spines scattered over the trunk and larger branches; young 
 branches softly pubescent, of a pale colour. Leaves oval, oblong, obovate, or ovate-oblong, 
 alternate, sometimes cordate at base, thinly coriaceous, of nearly the same yellowish-green 
 colour (in the dry state) on both sides, softly pubescent or glabrescent beneath, softly 
 puberulous or glabrous above, with depressed midrib and weak veins, deciduous, 1 4 
 5 in. long by 2 2| in. wide ; petioles -fa \ in. long, pubescent or glabrescent. Flowers 
 white, scentless. 
 
 <J . Cymes 3-flowered or panicled, \ f in. long, patent or recurved ; bracts ovate, 
 ciliate, ^V i Q - l n g; a * base of the pedicels ; flowers | -^ in. long. Calyx J or ^ length 
 of flower, deeply 4-fid, on both sides pubescent or nearly glabrous, with deltoid or 
 rounded ciliated lobes. Corolla urceolate, shortly 4-lobed ; lobes rounded, recurved ; glabrous 
 Or nearly so. Stamens 16, united at base in 8 pairs and inserted at base of corolla, 
 glabrous or very nearly so, with very short hairs, appearing at mouth of open corolla. 
 Ovary rudimentary, glabrous except apex. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, | in. long, on recurved peduncles -^ J in. long, which bear 
 small caducous bracts. Calyx puberulous or nearly glabrous, deeply 4-fid, | J in. long, 
 
222 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 with imbricated often ciliated lobes. Corolla rather exceeding the calyx, glabrous, 4-fid. 
 Staminodes 4, 8, 12, glabrous. Ovary glabrous, globular, 8-celled, cells 1-ovuled ; styles 4, 
 glabrous, bifid at apex. Fruit globose, J 1 in. in diameter, glabrous and shining ; fruiting 
 calyx more or less reflexed, somewhat accrescent; seeds 2 6 8, albumen not ruminated 
 (in D. rugosula, R. Br., there are two contiguous slight intrusions of the testa along 
 the outer side of the seed). The wood is dark-coloured or variegated, hard and durable. 
 Dr Dalzell states that bees are very fond of the flowers. 
 
 There are two principal forms : 
 
 a. montana proper. D. montana, Roxb., D. Goindu, Dalz., D. heteropJiylla, Wall. 
 Leaves oval, 3 4 in. long. <S flowers panicled, with calyx glabrous except ciliate margin. 
 9 flowers with 4 staminodes. 
 
 ft. cordifolia. D. cordifolia, Roxb., D. punctata, Decaisne, D. rugosula, R. Br., D. 
 Waldemarii, Kl. Leaves oblong, often cordate at base, 1 2J in. long. <J flowers 3 
 together with hairy calyx. 9 flowers with 8 (D. Waldemarii) or 12 staminodes. 
 
 India, Madras, Shuterf; Othacalmundapum, Kew list 1724!; Patna, Dr Ritchie! 1240; 
 Moradabad, Dr T. Thomson! 985; Rottler! 361; Sirhind, Dr T. Thomson!; Bengal, 
 Edgeworth! 6006; Ambala, Edgeworth! ; Pinjor Valley, Edgeworth!; Ceylon, Thwaites! C. P. 
 1909; sea coast, Tinnevelly district, Kew list 1717!; Pondiche'ry, Perrottet! Sikkim, Dr 
 Hooker!; Courtallum, Kew list 1713!, 1726!; Bombay, Dalzell/; Concan, Dr Stocks! ; 
 Canara, Dr Ritchie! 970; Belgaum, Dr Ritchie 972; Himalaya, Hoffmeister, teste Kl. 
 1. c. ; Ava, Wallichf ; India, Magadi, Hejuru, S. W. Mysore. Timor, Decaisne I N.Australia, 
 Victoria River, F. Mueller!, Carpentaria, R. Brown! ; Australia, Port Darwin, Schultz! n. 
 607, 608. The natives are prejudiced against this tree. Buch. Ham. Journey, vol. I. 
 p. 183, vol. II. 125. 
 
 Cfr. Diospyros sp. Bedd. in Clegh. For. 259 (1861), Muchi tanki; a very hard light- 
 coloured wood, Godavari forests, Madras. 
 
 98. DlOSPTKOS ZOLLINGERI, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovato-oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi plerisque rotundatis, coriaceis, 
 
 glabrescentibus, petiolatis; floribus masculis axillaribus cymosis tetrameris, fulvo-pubescentibus, 
 
 calyce campanulato, lobis deltoideis, corolld breviter 4-fidd, campanulatd, staminibus 16, 
 geminatis, glabriusculis, ovarii rudimento glabro. 
 
 Young parts and inflorescence puberulous or pubescent. Leaves alternate, obovate- 
 oblong, acuminate at apex, usually rounded at base, glabrescent, 4 8 in. long, by 1 2 
 in. wide; midrib and lateral veins depressed above and in clear relief beneath; petioles 
 about J in. long. 
 
 <J. Inflorescence in short cymes axillary or in the axils of fallen leaves. Abortive 
 buds in some cases are arranged in a panicle. Flowers tetramerous, tawny-pubescent; 
 calyx campanulate, -^in. high by |in. wide, 4-fid, nearly glabrous inside, lobes deltoid; 
 corolla (in bud) in. long, ovoid, shortly 4-lobed, appressedly pubescent ; stamens 16, 
 united in 8 pairs at the top of the filaments, nearly equal, inserted at the base of the 
 corolla, not quite glabrous, but with short hairs on the back of the anthers and on the 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 223 
 
 upper part of the filaments; anthers dehiscing widely on both sides downwards from 
 apex, pollen subglobose, smooth; ovary rudimentary, glabrous. 
 
 Java, Zollinger! n. 2651. A specimen from Assam, collected by Col. Jenkins, has 
 also abortive buds arranged in a considerable panicle; it does not however appear to belong 
 to this species, having a somewhat different foliage, resembling in this respect D. variegata, Kurz. 
 
 99. DIOSPTROS CILIATA, Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 229. n. 31 (1844), non Kafin. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovato-ellipticis, basi obtusis, apice acuminatis acutisve, ciliatis, membra- 
 naceis; floribus femineis axillaribus, breviter pedicillatis, tetrameris, calyce partita, lobis ova- 
 tis obtusis, corolld campanulatd. 
 
 Branches glabrous. Leaves alternate, ovate-elliptical, obtuse at base, acuminate or 
 acute at apex, ciliate, 2 3 in. long (including petiole T 5 ? in. long) by 1 1| in. wide, 
 membranous, with the nervation of the leaves as in D. virginiana except that the 
 margin is ciliate and the acumen is usually acute. 
 
 9 . Flowers axillary, on glabrous pedicels much shorter than the petiole or flower, 
 tetramerous or sometimes pentamerous, J in. long. Calyx 4-partite, silky inside at base, 
 with ovate obtuse reflexed lobes; corolla glabrous, campanulate, narrower above, 4-fid, with 
 obtuse lobes. Styles 4, united to the middle, glabrous, longer than the calycine lobes. 
 Fruit edible. 
 
 S. Mexico, Pavon! 
 
 100. DIOSPYROS LOTUS, Linn. Sp. PL p. 1057 (1753). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, utrinque scepius obtusis, submembranaceis, subtus scepe pallidiori- 
 bus et pubescentibus, petiolatis; floribus masculis 2 3-nis brevissime cymosis, subsessilibus, 
 wrceolatis, 4- rarissime 5-meris, axillaribus, calyce campanulato, lobis acutis, corolld breviter 
 lobatd, staminibus 16, geminatis, antheris glabriusculis, filamentis glabris; floribus femineis 
 solitariis, staminodiis 8, ovario apice excepto glabro, 8-locularibus, fructibus subglobosis, 
 edulibus. 
 
 Pallas, Fl. Ross. t. 58 et t. 59 fig. inferior, torn. I. pars. II. p. 20 (1788). 
 Poir. in Lam. Encycl. Me"th. vol. V. p. 428 (1804), t. 858 fig. inf. (1823). 
 Nouveau Duhamel, vol. VI. p. 83. t. 26 (180119). 
 Turpin, Diet. Sc. Nat. Planch, vol. ill. t. 65 (181629). 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 228. n. 28 (1844). 
 
 Reichenb. PI. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. (xvii) t. 1079 (1855), non Lour. FL Cochinch. 
 p. 226 (1790). 
 
 Ermellinus, Cesalp. De Plantis, lib. III. cap. XXI. p. 104 (1583). 
 
 Pseudolotus, Gamer. Epit. p. 156 (1586). 
 
 Lotus africana altera, Gamer. Epit. p. 157 (1586). 
 
 Lignum Vitas, Gerarde Herball, p. 1309 (1597). 
 
 Ouaiacum patavinum, Gerarde Herball, p. 1310 (1597). 
 
224 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 D. Kaki, var. /S. Thunb. Fl. Japon. p. 158 (1784), var. 7. glabra, Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. 
 p. 229. ru 30 (1844); non Linn. 
 
 D. microcarpa, Sieb. in Ann. Soc. Hortic. Pays Bas 1844, p. 28. 
 
 D. japonica, Sieb. et Zucc. in Abh. Bayer. Acad. IV. 3. p. 136 (1846). 
 
 D. Umlovok, Griff Itin. Not. p. 355 n. 137. (1848). 
 
 Dactylus trapezuntinus, Forskal Fl. ^Egypt. Arab. p. xxxvi. (1775). 
 
 A dioecious moderate-sized tree or shrub, from 15 ft. high upwards; bark dark, rough, 
 scored, but less so than in D. virginiana, L.; young parts pubescent. Leaves alternate, 
 submembranous, more or less elliptical, usually paler beneath and often pubescent, 2 6 in. 
 long by 1 2 in. wide; petioles ^ | in. long. Flowers tetramerous, or by exception 
 pentamerous, axillary. 
 
 <J . Flowers subsessile, 2 3 together, about in. long, urceolate. Calyx campanulate, 
 about J in. long, shortly 4-fid; lobes ovate, acute. Corolla urceolate-oblong, nearly or quite 
 glabrous, rd way 4-lobed; lobes ciliate, obtuse, recurved. Stamens 16, combined by their 
 glabrous filaments in 8 pairs; two pairs opposite each corolla-lobe; each pair consists of a 
 shorter inner and longer outer stamen; filaments inserted at base of corolla-tube; anthers 
 not quite glabrous. Ovary rudimentary. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, subsessile, wider than in the <J . Calyx ultimately spreading. 
 Corolla often remaining at apex of the young fruit, urceolate, yellowish white. Staminodes 8, 
 in One row inserted at the base of the corolla, hairy. Ovary glabrous, except at apex from 
 which 4 hairy lines often descend down the fruit, 8-celled, cells 1-ovuled; styles 4, some- 
 what pubescent below. Fruit subsessile or apparently sessile, often with a glaucous tinge, 
 subglobose, | fa in. thick ; fruiting calyx spreading, J | in. across, with a ring of short 
 dense appressed silky hairs on the inside below the fruit. Flesh of the fruit astringent. 
 
 Naturalized in the countries on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. Russia in Asia, 
 Pallas, called Kurma by the Persians, Churma or Kard-churma in Tartary, Dikoi Phenik 
 in Astracan; Asia Minor, Zohrab/; Turkey in Asia, Lazistan, near Rhize, spontaneous, 
 Boissier! n. 1464; Caucasus; China, Hance! n. 13753, Canton; Pekin Mountains, Bunge; 
 Zsing Yune Pass, along North river, about 120 miles from Canton, Hance; Afghanistan, 
 Griffith/ n. 1289; N. W. India, common on the Huzara from 30006000 ft. alt., male plant 
 called Gwaladar, female Amlok, Dr Stewart ! n. 424 ; Tsu-sima Island, Straits of Corea, 
 Wilfordf; Japan, Nagasaki, Oldham! n. 529, called Sinanokaki. 
 
 101. DIOSPYROS VIRGINIANA, Linn. Sp. PI. p. 1057 (1753). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, utrinque obtusis, submembranaceis, pubescentibus vel glabrescen- 
 tibus, petiolatis, floribus masculis 1 3-nis, breviter cymosis, axillaribus, 4- rarius 5-meris, 
 urceolatis, calyce campanulato, lobis lanceolatis, corolld breviter lobatd, staminibus 16, geminatis, 
 paulum pubescentibus; floribus femineis solitariis breviter pedunculatis, staminodiis 8, ovario 
 apice excepto glabro, &-locularibus, fructibus subglobosis, edidibus. 
 
 Gaertn. fil. Carp, (in) p. 138. t. 207 (1805). 
 Michaux, Arb. Amer. Septr. II. p. 195. t. 12 (1812). 
 Collin, Forslag af nagra Nord-americas Trad, p. 23 (1823). 
 
MR HIERN. ON EBENACE^E. 225 
 
 Watson, Dendr. Brit. II. t. 146 (1825). 
 
 Rafinesque, Medic. Fl. N. Amer. i. p. 153. t. 32 (1828). 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. p. 228. n. 29 (1844). 
 
 Belgique Horticole, IV. p. 118. tab. (1854). 
 
 Ettingsh. Blatt-skel. Dikot. p. 89. t. 38. f. 12 (1861). 
 
 Pishamin, Parkinson, Paradis. p. 570 (1629), Theatr. p. 1523. f. 4 (1640). 
 
 D. concolor, Moench, Meth. p. 470 (1794). 
 
 D. guaiacana, Robin, Voyages, vol. III. p. 417 (1807). 
 
 D. pubescens, Pursh, Fl. N. Amer. p. 265 (1814), non Pers. 
 
 D. caroliniana, Muhlenb. ex Rafin. Floral. Ludovic. p. 139 (1817). 
 
 D. Persimon, Wikstr. Jahr. Schwed. 1830, p. 92 (1834). 
 
 D. ciliata, Rafin. New Flora and Bot. N. Amer. part in. p. 25 (1836), non Alph. DC. 
 
 D. fertilis, Lodd. Cat. ex Loud. Arb. et Frut. Brit. II. 1197 (1838). 
 
 D. calycina, Audib.Cat. Hort. Tonn. $. ex Spach, Hist. Ve'ge't. IX. p. 405 (1840), non Wall. &c. 
 
 D. angustifolia, Audib. ex Spach, Hist. Ve'ge't. IX. p. 405 (1840). 
 
 D. lucida, Hort. ex Loud. Gard. Mag. 1841, p. 394, non Wall. 
 
 D. intermedia, Hort. ex Loud. Encycl. Trees and Shrubs, p. 627 (1842). 
 
 A tree attaining in favourable places 60 feet in height and 20 in. in diameter in the 
 trunk, according to Michaux, from whom other details are taken. The trunk of full-grown 
 trees is covered with much and deeply-cracked blackish bark; the sap-wood after drying 
 keeps a clear greenish colour, and the heart is brown. The wood is hard, compact and 
 tough, and is used for several mechanical purposes. The inner bark is said to be useful 
 in intermittent fevers. Young parts pubescent. Branches spreading at 50 60. Leaves 
 alternate, submembranous, more or less oval, slightly narrowed, rounded or even slightly 
 cordate at base, usually shortly acuminate at apex, paler beneath and often pubescent ; 
 2 7 in. long (besides pubescent petiole | in. long) by 1 3| in. wide. Flowers tetramerous 
 or occasionally pentamerous, greenish. 
 
 <?. Flowers in short 1 3-flowered pubescent cymes which measure (excluding the 
 flowers) about in. long. Calyx small, about -^ in. high, partite, hairy, with lanceolate 
 lobes. Corolla tubular-urceolate, J in. long, or in subhermaphrodite flowers in. long, lobes 
 one-third the length of the corolla. Stamens 16, in pairs, somewhat hairy. Ovary glabrous, 
 rudimentary. 
 
 9 . Flower solitary, \ in. long and wide, on peduncles -^ in. long; ovary glabrous, pilose 
 at apex, 8-celled, cells 1-ovuled ; styles 4, pilose at base. Fruit solitary, on peduncles in. 
 long, subglobose, 1 1J in. in diameter, glabrous, edible, tipped at apex with remains of style ; 
 skin thin, of a pale orange-colour when ripe, often marked externally with 4 depressed lines 
 running down from the apex, and with a slight pruinose bloom ; pulp with a sweetish apricot- 
 like taste when ripe but somewhat astringent ; seeds 6 8, sometimes 3 5, about in. long, 
 | in. broad and \ in. thick. Fruiting calyx spreading, 4-fid, occasionally 5-fid (in one case 
 small and trifid in a cultivated specimen), f 1J in. across, subglabrous; lobes broadly ovate, 
 J f in. broad, usually somewhat concave from below and not appressed to the fruit, with 
 recurved margins; tube convex from above with a circular depression at its outer margin. 
 
 The fruit, which is locally known by the name of Persimon, does not fully ripen north 
 VOL. XII. PAKT I. 29 
 
226 MB HIEKST, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 of New Jersey; it is said to become better fit to eat after it has suffered frost, and then 
 it becomes very sweet but mawkish. Though eaten by the negroes, and often brought to 
 market, it is not a table-fruit. There is however a sweet variety (D. virginiana, L. var. dul- 
 cis), which is said to yield a good table-fruit. "For an interesting account of the properties 
 of the tree and its fruit, see the inaugural thesis of the late Professor Woodhouse, of the 
 University of Pennsylvania." Darlington, Florula Cestrica, p. 47 (1826). 
 
 Two other inaugural essays have been devoted to the study of the fruit of this tree ; 
 one by Benj. R. Smith, printed in the American Journal of Pharmacy, October, 1846, pp. 161 
 167, and the other by John E. Bryan, in the same journal, May, 1860, pp. 215 217. From 
 these essays the following results are taken. The fruit contains tannin, pectin (or perhaps 
 malic acid), sugar, lignin and colouring matter and neither vegetable albumen starch nor resin. 
 Of 600 grains of green persimon there were found to be 119 grs. of insoluble resinous matter, 
 64 grs. of saccharine matter slightly acid, 22 grs. of ligneous matter, 1 of green colouring 
 matter, and the remaining 394 grs. were supposed to be water. It is further supposed that 
 in the young fruit lignin serves as a sort of frame-work and as a means of circulation for the 
 juices of the plant ; but as the fruit ripens the lignin is converted into sugar, 20 parts of lignin 
 producing 21 parts of sugar. The astringent principle is tannin analogous to that of Cinchona, 
 Catechu, &c., and different from that of galls and oak-bark; and the fruit retains its astringency 
 when dried carefully. 
 
 An astringent and styptic. The inner bark is used in intermittent fever, in diarrhoeas 
 and with alum as a gargle in ulcerated sore throat. An indelible ink can also be made from 
 the fruit. (See Resources of the Southern Fields and Forests, by Dr Porcher, pp. 423 427, 
 Charleston, 1869.) 
 
 In the southern United States of N. America the fruit hangs during part of the winter on 
 the tree a long time after the fall of the leaves ; and when at length it too falls, it is eagerly eaten 
 by both wild and domestic animals. In Virginia, Carolina and the western States, the fruit 
 is gathered, kneaded with bran, made into cakes and baked. These cakes mixed with tepid 
 water serve to make beer with the addition of hops and yeast to cause fermentation. Spirit 
 is also distilled by further fermentation. Neither the beer nor the spirit is made for the 
 purposes of commerce. 
 
 This species with its varieties has a foliage exceedingly like D. Lotus, L. ; it differs from the 
 latter by the male cymes and female peduncles being rather longer and by the larger flowers 
 and fruit. Some specimens with regard to which the native country is unknown, though 
 clearly belonging to one of these species, are extremely difficult to assign to either one of 
 them with certainty. 
 
 Michaux also speaks of a variety with smaller fruit, compressed seeds, and leaves pubes- 
 cent underneath : this is D. pubescens, Pursh. Fl. N. Amer. p. 265 (1814) and the var. . micro- 
 carpa, Rafin. Med. Fl. n. p. 153. t. 32. A variety is occasionally met with in Sumter district, 
 S. Carolina, with fruit about twice the ordinary size (Dr Porcher). D. intermedia, Hort. is a 
 variety with more numerous (about 20) hairy stamens. Polygamous flowers occur in cultivated 
 specimens of this species. 
 
 North America, United States, St Louis, Drummond!, Riehl! n. 178; New Orleans, 
 T. Drummond! n. 204 bis; "Woods and old fields, Rhode Island and New York to Illinois, 
 
MR HIERlsr, ON EBENACELE. 227 
 
 and southward," Asa Gray; "Florida! to Mississippi and northward," Chapman; Cumberland, 
 Olney!; Missouri, Buckley!; Virginia, Portsmouth, RugeU, A. Gray!; Kansas, Engelmann. 
 It is cultivated in British Guiana, and has long been introduced into Europe. 
 
 102. DIOSPYROS KAKI, Linn. fiL Suppl. p. 439 (1781). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, utrinque obtusis vel angustatis, siibmembranaceis, subtus 
 pubescentibus, petiolatis ; floribus masculis axillaribus, ternis, cymosis, tetrameris, urceolatis, 
 calyce campanulato, lobis ovatis vel lanceolatis, corolld extus pubescente, staminibus scepius 16, 
 geminatis, leviter pubescentibus ; floribus femineis scepius solitariis, pedunculatis, staminodiis 
 scepius 8, ovario scepius 8-loculari, fructibus globosis edulibus scepe magnis. 
 
 Wight Ic. t. 415 (1840) ; Alph. DO. Prodr. vm. p. 229. n. 30 excl. var. y. glabra 
 (1844) ; Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 157 excl. var. /3. (1784) ; non Blanco. 
 
 Ficus hortensis, fructu ossiculato eduli, folio Pyri, Ksempf. Amoenit. exotic, p. 805 (1712). 
 
 (?) D. lobata, Lour. Flor. Cochinch. p. 227 (1790); Alph. DC. I.e. p. 233. n. 53. 
 
 D. chinensis, Blume, Catal. Buitenz. p. 110 (1823); Flora, 1825, p. 254; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 
 p. 670 (1825). 
 
 D. Schi-Tse, Bunge, Enum. PL Chin. Bor. n. 237. p. 42 (1832). 
 
 Embryopteris Kaki, G. Don, Gen. Diet. Gard. and Bot. iv. p. 41 (1837). 
 
 D. costata, Carr. in Rev. Hortic. 1870, p. 134 (fig. p. 133). 
 
 D. Kaki var. costata, Andre in L' Illustration Hortic. vol. xviil. p. 176. t. 78 (1871). 
 
 D. Roxburghi, Carriere in Revue horticole, 1872, p. 253. fig. 28, 29. 
 
 Local names ; Ono Kaki, Kaempfer Amcenit. pp. 805, 807. fig. p. 806 (1712) ; Kakwe, Javan 
 name ex Bl. Bijdr. I.e.; Khi, Rumph. Herb. Amboin. vol. I. p. 137 (1750). 
 
 A small tree ; young branches inflorescence and underside of leaves pubescent or sub- 
 tomentose. Leaves alternate, submembranous, more or less oval and acuminate at apex, paler 
 beneath, 2 7 in. long by 1 3J in. wide ; petioles \ | in. long. Flowers pedunculate, dioecious 
 or polygamous, tetramerous. 
 
 <J. Cymes axillary \ Jin. long, 3-flowered; pedicels about -^ in. long; flowers usually 
 drooping, variable in size, \ f in. long ; calyx slightly hairy, with 4 deep ovate or lanceolate 
 lax lobes, shorter than the corolla ; corolla hairy outside, urceolate, yellowish- white ; stamens 
 16 (14 24), in pairs, more or less hairy, filaments short. 
 
 9. Flowers usually solitary, or pubescent, axillary; 2-bracteate peduncles^ | in. long, 
 dilated and articulated to fruit at apex ; calyx large, hairy on both sides, deeply 4-fid, about 
 1 in. or more wide, with widely ovate spreading lobes, cordate at the base, much accrescent in 
 fruit at least in most cases, with a thickened and hairy shallow tube in fruit; corolla pu- 
 berulous, about \ \ in. high and wide, 4-fid, with -oval recurved lobes; staminodes 8 (or 16?); 
 ovary 8 10-celled, glabrous or nearly so ; style hairy, 4-fid ; fruit glabrous or nearly so, glo- 
 bular, sometimes as big as an orange, reddish or yellow, 8 10-celled [? in D. lobata, Lour. 1 in. 
 in diameter and lobed], in D. costata, Carr. 2 in. in diameter and more or less deeply ribbed 
 or lobed. The Chinese preserve the fruits with sugar. 
 
 This species has been for a long time under cultivation in China, Japan, &c. and presents 
 much variety in the size and shape of its fruit. By the kindness of M. Carriere I have been 
 
 292 
 
228 MK HIEEN, ON EBENACEJi 
 
 supplied with specimens of his D. costata, and I am also indebted to M. Decaisne for the 
 inspection of original drawings of other forms of this species. On the whole view of the case 
 I prefer to consider all as belonging to one species, which has under cultivation assumed 
 much perplexing variation. Some varieties are considerably more hardy than others; the 
 foliage also in some forms is fine and shining, in others smaller and more pubescent. 
 
 D. lobata, Lour, may very possibly belong to this species, but the fruit is described as 
 only 1 in. in diameter. 
 
 D. Kaki, L. f. is closely allied to D. Lotus, L. and D. virginiana, L., all of which 
 species are very variable and indeed are likely to be confused amongst each other ; D. virgin- 
 iana, L. holds a middle position in respect of the size of the fruit and the length of the 
 inflorescence. 
 
 Fruit [see Hasskarl in Bonplandia, VII. p. 255 (1859)] globose, with a diameter of 2 in. or 
 very depressedly globose, 2J in. wide and If in. high, glabrous and shining, scarlet ; skin thin, 
 membranous; flesh of an orange-scarlet colour, edible, sweet, with yellow fibres joined at the 
 base, and then forked and longitudinally dispersed towards the surface ; fruiting calyx with a 
 brick-coloured tube and green reflexed lobes. Seeds laterally compressed ; in the globose 
 fruits 6, oblong, one face nearly straight the other convex, blunt at the apex, acute at the 
 base, a little produced laterally, 1 in. long, J in. wide ; in the depresso-globose fruits 8, one 
 face rather straight the other more than semi-orbicular, widely rounded at the apex, rather 
 acute at the base, scarcely produced ; all dark, smooth, well wrapt in the fleshy pulp of the 
 mesocarp, and when carefully removed from the flesh rather shining, marked on the convex 
 face along its whole length with an acute yellowish raphe |in. thick. Testa thin, coria- 
 ceous ; albumen milk-white, cartilaginous ; embryo small in proportion to the albumen, 
 straight ; radicle terete, very slightly curved or usually straight, white, \ in. long ; cotyledons 
 thin, whitish, lying parallel side by side, in the globose fruits ovate acute in. long by 
 fa in. wide, in the depresso-globose fruits subrotund, in. in diameter. 
 
 Japan, Nagasaki, fr. ripe in Oct., Oldham! 528, G. Wright! ; Tsu-sima Island, Str. of 
 Corea, G. Wilford! 756, 9 fl. May; Formosa, Oldham! n. 299; Khasia, Dr Hooker!, 
 fruit, Sept. 
 
 For a discussion of D. costata, Cam, in addition to the above reference, see a note 
 by M. Carriere on D. Kaki in Eev. Hortic. 1869, p. 284; a letter of M. Decaisne in the 
 Gardener's Chronicle for 1870, p. 39 ; a letter of M. Carriere in Gard. Chr. 1870, p. 312; 
 and a paper with woodcuts and coloured plate by M. Carriere in Eev. Hortic. 1871, p. 410 ; 
 also Andre* in L'lllustr. Hortic. loc. cit. where the same coloured plate is given, and 
 the Gardener's Chronicle for 1872, p. 576, whence the accompanying figure has been 
 obtained. 
 
 M. Carriere describes his D. Eoxburghi as a monoscious shrub, at times subdioscious by 
 abortion; the male flowers very numerous in comparison with the female and bearing 15 20 
 stamens ; the fruit If in. (2 in. in figure) in diameter, with numerous brown prominences 
 especially towards the apex. He thinks it identical with the D. Kaki, Roxb. from India, but 
 quite distinct from the D. Kaki, Thunb. from Japan ; he finds it considerably more tender and 
 sensitive to cold and much less productive of fruit. It must however be borne in mind that 
 M. Carriere has described his species from a cultivated specimen, and also that the whole group 
 of Kaki has been long cultivated in Japan, China and elsewhere, and thus it may be expected 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 229 
 
230 MB HIERN, ON EBENACEJ3. 
 
 that many differences have been acquired under cultivation extended over a wide geographical 
 area which, while worthy of distinct notice in a horticultural point of view, yet do not properly 
 amount to specific importance. The allied species D. virginiana, L. and D. Lotus, L. are in a 
 similar manner subject to great variation and from similar causes. 
 
 I have examined the herbaria both of Linnaeus and of Sir J. E. Smith (including that of 
 Linnaeus the younger) without finding an authentic specimen of D. Kaki ; but I think there is 
 no doubt but the D. Kaki of Thunberg is identical with that of Linn. fil. 
 
 103. DIOSPYROS CHARTACEA, Wall. List n. 4135 (182832). 
 
 D. glabra, foliis alternis, elongato-lanceolatis, apice acuminatis, basi obtusis, submembra- 
 naceis, minute pellucido-punctatis, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis ternis, subsessilibus, 
 tetrameris, calyce elongato-cylindrico, ^-fido, lobis ovatis, ciliatis ; corolla brevi, 4t-fidd, lobis 
 obtusis, staminibus 16 20, geminatis, antheris pilosis, ovarii rudimento glabro. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 232. n. 51 (1844). 
 
 Glabrous or veiy nearly so. Leaves elongate-lanceolate, acuminate at apex, rounded or 
 somewhat narrowed at base, submembranous, minutely pellucid-punctate, alternate, 2 9 in. 
 long, by | 3 in. wide ; petioles 1 * 5 J in. long ; lateral veins prominent below. 
 
 <J. Flowers subsessile, subglobose (in bud), ^in. in diameter, ternate, crowded, in small 
 very short cymes ; bracts 2 or 3 times shorter than the flowers, ovate, acute, subciliate. 
 Flowers ^ in. long, quite glabrous except the margins of the ciliated calyx-lobes. Calyx 
 shortly cylindrical, 4-fid, with ovate rounded much imbricated lobes. Corolla (in bud) scarcely 
 longer than the calyx, 4-fid; lobes ovate, obtuse. Stamens 16 20, in pairs; anthers shortly 
 pilose, filaments short, T Vin. long (in bud). Ovary rudimentary, glabrous. 
 Burma, Trogla hills, Bank of Sallun, Wattich ! 4135. 
 
 104. DIOSPYROS VACCINIOIDES, Lindl. in Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 139 (1825). 
 
 D. fruticosa, foliis alternis, ovalibus, apice apiculatis scepe acutis, basi angustatis, supra 
 glabris nitidis, coriaceis, subsessilibus ; floribus masculis 1 S-nis subsessilibus axillaribus 
 4-mem, bracteis ovatis ciliatis imbricatis, calyce ^-partita, cor olid lobatd, lobis lanceolatis 
 acutis patentibus, staminibus 16, geminatis, glabris, corollce basi insertis ; floribus femineis 
 solitariis, subsessilibus, staminodiis 4 8, glabris, uniserialibus, ovario inferne glabro, 8-loculari; 
 fructibus -globosis vel ellipsoideis, albumine non ruminato, calyce non accrescente. 
 
 Loddiges, Cab. t. 1549 (1829) ; Wall. List n. 4130 (182832). 
 
 Rospidios vaccinioides, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 220 (1844), Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 210 
 (1861), Hance in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. V. vol. V. p. 227 (1866). 
 
 Non Vaccinium Sprengelii, Wall. List 6296 ! Vide Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. p. 333 
 (1845). 
 
 Vaccinium fragrans, Wall, ex Voigt, I. c. p. 345. 
 
 D. vaccinifolia, Ettingsh. Beitr. Kenntniss. FOBS. Fl. v. Sotzka in Untersteiermark, in 
 Sitzungsberichte der Math.-naturw. Cl. Kais. Akad. Wissensch. xxvili. p. 494. t. V. fig. 5 6 
 (1858). 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 231 
 
 A .small, erect, twiggy, leafy and evergreen shrub, resembling Buxus sempervirens. 
 Branches covered with shaggy rufous silky hairs when young, then puberulous and finally 
 glabrate, spreading at about 30. Leaves oval, apiculate and often acute at apex, more 
 or less narrowed at base, alternate, subsessile, coriaceous, appressedly pubescent beneath 
 when young, shining and glabrous above ; | 1^ in. long by J f in. wide ; midrib depressed 
 above ; without conspicuous veins. 
 
 (J. Flowers ^in. long, tetramerous, drooping, subsessile, in very short 1 3-flowered 
 axillary rufous-hairy cymes ; bracts ovate, ciliated, imbricated, caducous. Calyx 4-partite, with 
 4 lanceolate-subulate erect-patent lobes ^ in. deep pubescent on both sides. Corolla scarcely 
 longer than the calyx, 4-fid, with lanceolate spreading lobes, with 4 hairy lines outside. 
 Stamens 16 (12 ex Alph. DC.), glabrous, in pairs, the inner ones shorter, inserted at the 
 base of the corolla-tube ; anthers rather shorter than the filaments, dehiscing laterally from 
 apex. Ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 ? . Flowers solitary, subsessile. Bracts caducous. Calyx ^ | in. long, hairy, 4-partite, 
 with linear-lanceolate lobes. Corolla shorter than the calyx, 4-fid, with 4 hairy lines outside 
 and lanceolate acute recurved lobes. Staminodes 4 8, glabrous, in one row, inserted at the base 
 of the corolla-tube. Ovary ovoid, prolonged at apex into a pubescent 4-lobed style, glabrous 
 below; (3-celled according to Lindley) 8-celled; cells 1-ovuled. Fruit globose or ellipsoidal, 
 shining, usually glabrous except at apex, " 3-celled," about J in. high ; cells 1-seeded ; albumen 
 not ruminated, cartilaginous; embryo axile, straight, cotyledons large foliaceous. Fruiting 
 calyx not accrescent. 
 
 China; Hong Kong, Major Champion/; G. Wilford!; Millett!; Hance! 604; 0. Wright! 
 312 ; S. China, Seemann ! 2454 ; Malacca, Griffith ! 3648 ; Singapore, Penang, &c. Walker !, 
 
 Wallich ! 
 
 Var. pellucido-punctata. Leaves pellucid-punctate, thinly coriaceous. Fruit with scat- 
 tered hairs. South Andaman, 8. Kurz! 
 
 105. DIOSPYROS CAYENNENSIS, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 224. n. 8 (1844). 
 D, foliis alternis, oblongis, obtusis, basi angustatis, supra nitidis glaberrimis, subtus 
 glabrescentibus, coriaceis, petiolatis; floribus 1 3-m's brevissime cymosis subsessilibus ferru- 
 gineo-wlutinis, calyce turbinato profunde 4<-lobo, corolld calyce suUongiore, staminibus 10 12, 
 glabris, ovario in flore femineo ovoideo glabro R-loculari, 
 
 Danzleria axillaris, Bert, ex Alph. DC. I. c. 
 
 Young shoots and flowers ferruginous-velutinous. Leaves alternate, oblong, obtuse or 
 obtusely acuminate, abruptly narrowed at base, coriaceous, shining and quite glabrous above, 
 glabrescent beneath, green on both sides in the dry state, 3 Sin. long by 1 If in. wide, 
 reticulated ; more or less revolute at the margin, petioles \ in. long or shorter. Flowers 
 drooping, puberulous, tetramerous; peduncles much shorter than the calyx. 
 
 S. Flowers solitary or 3 together. Calyx Jin. long; lobes sub-erect, widely ovate, 
 undulated, silky on both sides, thickened within over a triangular space at base. Corolla 
 ovoid, sub-tetragonal, contorted in bud, fleshy, somewhat hairy outside. Stamens 10 12, 
 glabrous, distinct or in pairs ; anthers subulate. 
 
232 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 9. Flowers axillary, 1 3 together, |in. long; pedicels equalling the petioles. Calyx 
 turbinate at base, deeply 4-fid; lobes wide, cordate. Corolla silky outside, rather longer 
 than the calyx. Ovary ovoid, glabrous, 8-celled, fruiting calyx nearly Jin. high by more 
 than \ in. wide, 4-fid, with reflexed undulated lobes and shallowly cup-shaped crass tube 
 having internal elevated rim, appressedly and shortly hairy inside. 
 
 Cayenne, French Guiana ! ; cultivated in Jamaica, Berter ! , but not mentioned in Grise- 
 bach's Flora of the British West Indies. 
 
 106. DIOSPYROS LEVIS, Boj. ex Alph. DC. Prodr. Tin. p. 232. n. 50 (1844). 
 
 D. gldbra, foliis alternis, ellipticis, utrinque angustatis, coriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; 
 floribus masculis, 1 3-nis, subsessilibus, tetrameris, calyce campanulato, corollce lobis obtusis, 
 staminibies 16, geminatis, glabris. 
 
 Glabrous. Branches slender, black in dried state. Leaves alternate, elliptical, attenuate 
 at both ends, rather obtuse at very apex, coriaceous, revolute at the margins, 3 in. long 
 by 1^ lin. wide; lateral veins scarcely conspicuous; midrib depressed above; petioles^ in. 
 long. 
 
 <J . Flowers solitary or 3 together, subsessile, in. long, glabrous ; calyx campanulate, 
 shortly 4-fid, with acute ciliated deltoid lobes ; corolla shortly 4-fid, double the length of 
 the calyx or less, lobes widely ovate, obtuse; stamens 16, in pairs, unequal, apiculate, 
 glabrous. 
 
 Madagascar, East coast, Bojer! , Eelsonbergl 
 
 107. DIOSPYROS THOUARSII, sp. nov. 
 
 D. glabra, foliis alternis, ellipticis, utrinque paulum angustatis, coriaceis, subsessilibus ; 
 floribus masculis, aggregatis, brevissime cymosis, tetrameris, urceolatis, calyce parvo, 4-lobo, 
 staminibus 12, glabris, in flore femineo paucis, ovario ovoideo, 8-loculari. 
 
 Dark, glabrous except the bracts. Leaves alternate, elliptical, subsessile, coriaceous, 
 somewhat narrowed at both ends, obtuse ; veins reticulated, inconspicuous ; midrib somewhat 
 depressed above; 1 Sin. long by \ lin. wide, rich dark brown beneath; margins just 
 thickened beneath. Cymes axillary, many-flowered, short ; bracts small, ciliated. 
 
 $ . Flowers in. long by -^ in. wide, urceolate. Calyx ^ in. long by ^ in. wide, shortly 
 4 fid, 'lobes depresso-deltoid, apiculate; corolla |in. long, -j^in. wide, barrel-shaped, \ way 
 4-lobed ; lobes imbricated sinistrorsely, depresso-ovate ; stamens 12, mostly or all inserted 
 at base of corolla (some in pairs ?) , glabrous ; anthers much exceeding the filaments, de- 
 hiscing laterally from apex; pollen ellipsoidal, smooth. Ovary 0. 
 
 ? . Calyx ^ in. long by ^5 | in. wide, deeply 4-fid ; lobes widely ovate, sub-cordate 
 at base, apiculate at apex, suberect, accrescent. Corolla equalling the calyx, deeply 4-fid, 
 not spreading. Staminodes 2 or more, 4 (?), small, inserted at base of corolla. Ovary 
 ovoid, terminated by short 4-lobed style, 8-celled, cells 1-ovuled. 
 
 Madagascar, Hb. Petit- Thouars f in Mus, Paris. 
 
MK HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 233 
 
 108. DIOSPYROS CHLOROXYLON, Roxb. Coromand. I. p. 38. t. 49 (1795). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, basi scepius rotundatis apice mucronatis, tenuiter coriaceis, 
 subtus tomentosis, breviter petiolatis; Jloribus masculis aggregatis, subsessilibus, 4 "LO-nis, te- 
 trameris, calyce campanulato, dense pubescente, profunde 4-jido, corolld ^-fidd, staminibus 16, 
 biserialibus, glabris ; floribus femineis solitariis, sessilibus, staminodiis circiter 8, glabris, ovario 
 glabro, 8-loculari; fructibus globosis, glabris, edulibus, seminum albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Wall. List n. 4118 (182832), Alph, DC. Prodr. vni. p. 230. n. 40 (1844). 
 
 D tomentosa, Poir. Encycl. V. p. 436. n. 22 (1804), non Roxb. 
 
 D. capitulata, R. Wight Ic. tt. 1224, 1588 bis (1850). 
 
 Cfr. D. glauca, Rottler in Gesellschaft Naturforschender freunde zu Berlin, Neue Schrift. 
 IV. p. 221 (1803) ; Alph. DC. Prodr. vill. p. 238. n. 64 (1844). 
 
 Nella-woolymera of the Telingas, Roxb. Corom. I. c. ; Neenye or Ninei in Surat, Dr Gibson. 
 
 A tree of middle size with irregular trunk, or in low lauds only a large bush ; bark 
 scabrous, dark rust-coloured ; branches spreading, sometimes spinous ; young shoots pubes- 
 cent- tomentose, subfulvous. Leaves oval or oval-oblong, usually rounded at base and mucronate 
 at apex, thinly coriaceous ; pubescent or subglabrescent and dark green on upper side J 
 more or less tomentose and sub-tawny beneath, alternate, f 3 in. long by | l T 3 ff in. wide ; 
 petioles -J 2 J in. long ; midrib depressed above ; lateral veins not conspicuous. Inflorescence 
 tawny densely pubescent; flowers white. 
 
 <J . Flowers clustered sessile or subsessile, 4 10 together, about J in. long, tetramerous ; 
 on peduncles -fa in. long, with very short pedicels ; bracts oval, small, glabrous inside. 
 Calyx about -j^in. high, campanulate, densely tawny-pubescent, deeply 4-fid, with apiculate 
 lobes, glabrous inside. Corolla 4-fid, glabrous except 4 lines of hairs outside. Stamens 16, 
 in 2 rows, inserted more or less in pairs, receptacle or at base of corolla, glabrous, the 
 inner ones shorter ; longer filaments as long as anthers ; anthers dehiscing laterally from 
 apex ; connective apiculate or prolonged. Receptacle glabrous ; ovary rudimentary glabrous. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, sessile (or subsessile in Wight Ic. t. 1588 bis), about \ in. long, 
 tetramerous ; bracts longer than in <J , shorter than the calyx. Calyx | in. long, campan- 
 ulate, pale tawny, densely pubescent ; lobes rds depth of calyx, apiculate. Corolla erect, 
 glabrous, except 4 hairy lines down middle of lobes; lobes ^ f rds depth of corolla, ovate- 
 lanceolate. Starninodes 7 9, glabrous, in one row, hypogynous or inserted at base of corolla^ 
 Ovary glabrous, surmounted by 4 erect glabrous styles, 8-celled; cells 1-ovuled, often 
 approximated in pairs. Fruit globose, glabrous, in. or rather more in diameter, on nearly 
 flat calyx in. in diameter. When ripe it is eaten raw among the Orixa mountains and is 
 very palatable. Seeds 2 3 ; albumen not ruminated, testa thick slightly irregular inside. 
 The wood of the larger trees is yellowish, very hard and durable, and is used by the 
 natives for various economical purposes. 
 
 Tranquebar, Vahl ; Madras!; Bombay; Surat and Nassick, Dr Gibson! ; Canara and 
 Mysore, Mr law! ; Kew List, n. 1712, 1719, 3617; Wallick!; East Bengal! 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 30 
 
234 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 109. DlOSPYROS(?) PEEGAMENA, Sp. nOV. 
 
 D. glabra, foliis obovato-oblongis, alternis, basi leviter angustatis, apice anguste et abrupte 
 acuminatis, firmiter pergamenis, petiolatis, floribus masculis in ramis vetustis dense aggregates 
 sessilibus et breve-cymosis, pentameris pubescentibus parvis, staminibus 20 binis, ovarii rudi- 
 mento hirsuto ; fructibus peduncuiatis globosis uncialibus glabratis 3-locularibus 3-spermis ; 
 albumine radiatim striato. 
 
 Glabrous, young shoots terete ; leaves alternate, obovate-oblong, narrowly and suddenly 
 acuminate at apex, slightly narrowed at base, of the texture of firm parchment, dark brown 
 above with depressed veins, paler with raised veins loosely reticulated beneath, 8 9 in. 
 long by 2-^j 3 in. wide ; petioles J in. long. 
 
 c$. Flowers densely clustered on the older branches, sessile and in short cymes, penta- 
 merous, hirsute, subglobose (?), -^ in. in diameter (immature) ; calyx 5-fid, glabrous inside, 
 lobes ovate ; corolla 5-fid, lobes obtuse ; stamens 20 in 10 pairs hispid, ovaiy rudimentary 
 hairy. 
 
 V . Fruit solitary (?), glabrate, subglobose, about 1 in. in diameter, 3-celled, 3-seeded 
 (in one case) ; peduncle nearly J in. long ; calyx 5-partite, in. in diameter, closely hairy 
 on both sides, reflexed ; lobes involute ; seeds f in. long by f in. thick ; albumen radiately 
 striate, not ruminated, 
 
 Borneo, Beccari! n. 1787. 
 
 110. DIOSPYEOS CAULIFLORA, Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. p. 668 (1825). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, utrinque attenuatis, nitidis, glabris, breviter petiolatis ; floribus 
 masculis axillaribus tetrameris, staminibus 16, geminatis, incequalibus ; floribus femineis late- 
 ralibus secus ramos vetustiores paniculatis, calyce profunde 4<-o-lobo, lobis basi margine sinuato 
 reflexis nigrescentibus, corolla urceolatd, 4-fidd, fauce constrictd, fructibus globosis, glabris, 
 edulibus, 4 8-locularibus, albumine radiatim slriato. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vni. p. 238. n. 81 (1844) ; Hasselt in Hasskarl PL Javan. p. 767. n. 351 
 (1848) ; non Mart. 
 
 A lofty dioecious tree. Leaves alternate, elliptical or oblong, attenuate at both ends, 
 4 9 in. long by 1 3^ in. wide, shining, glabrous ; midrib and lateral veins depressed 
 above ; petioles % i i n - l n g- 
 
 <J. Flowers axillary; calyx 4-fid; corolla 4-fid; stamens 16, in pairs, unequal in the pairs. 
 
 9 . Flowers crowded in dense lateral panicles on the older wood, racemose ; racemes 
 3 5 flowered, with bracteoles at the ramifications; peduncles nearly 1 in. long, thickened 
 at the apex, turning black. Calyx deeply 4 5-lobed ; lobes turning black, narrow, reflexed, 
 at the base with wavy margin. Corolla urceolate, 4-fid, much constricted at the top of the 
 tube ; tube tetragonal, covered with black hairs especially at the angles ; lobes pale yellow, 
 horizontal. 
 
 Fruit fleshy, globose, glabrous, edible, 1 in. in diameter, 4 8-celled, green ; seeds soli- 
 tary in the cells, some imperfect; albumen radiately striate; embryo turning yellow. 
 
 Java, Bantam, 500 ft. alt. Hasselt, Reinwardt !, Blume ! 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 235 
 
 111. DIOSPYROS RAMIFLORA, Roxb. Hort. Beng. p. 40 (1814). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus ml oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi angustatis, coriaceis, glabris; 
 floribus femineis dense fasciculatis secus ramos vetmtiores, 4 Q-meris, tomentosis, calyce cam- 
 panidato irregulariter lobato accrescente, corolld urceolato-oblongd obtuse lobatd, staminodiis 
 
 10 12, glabris, ovario ovoideo-conico, fulvo-tomentoso, 10- vel 12-loculari, fructibus globosis, 
 
 magnis, subscabris, edulibus, 10 12-spermis. 
 
 Eoxb. Fl. Ind., edit. 1832, Vol. n. p. 535. n. 7 ; Drawings in Herb. Kew ; Wall. List 
 n. 4119 (182832); Wight Ic. t. 189 (1840); Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 233. n. 57 (1844). 
 
 A large dioecious tree with glabrous leaves and branches and straight trunk. Leaves oval 
 or oblong, acuminate at apex, somewha,t narrowed at base, coriaceous, alternate, shining 
 and of same colour on both sides, margins slightly undulated and recurved, 4 10 in. long 
 by 1 Sin. wide, veins not conspicuous above, petioles ^ | in. long; midrib wide and 
 channelled above. 
 
 9 . Flowers urceolate-oblong, collected in small short fascicles on the thick woody branches, 
 tetramerous pentamerous or hexamerous ; the inflorescence is however sometimes on young 
 shoots or in racemes or panicles. Pedicels and calyces clothed with olive-coloured down; 
 calyx \ in. long, urceolate, with inflated tube and deltoid lobes -fa ^ in. deep ; corolla J \ in. 
 long, white, covered with short felt outside, glabrous inside except on the obtuse imbri- 
 cated lobes which are about \ the depth of the corolla, at first spreading and then re volute; 
 tube somewhat inflated. Staminodes 10 or 12, double the number of the parts of the 
 flower, glabrous, in one row, shorter than the corolla-tube. Ovary about the length of the 
 calyx, ferruginous-hairy, ovoid-conical, 10 or 12-celled; cells 1-ovuled; style short; stigmas 
 5 or 6. Fruit globular, 2| 3 in. in diameter, slightly scabrous, resting on the very thick 
 enlarged calyx which is about 1 \ in. in diameter, 10 12-celled ; cells 1-seeded ; seeds 
 transversely lined outside ; albumen somewhat ruminated (?) 
 
 Native name Oori-gaub or Goolul on eastern frontier of Bengal, where, according to Dr 
 Roxburgh, the tree grows wild to a great size, and supplies the natives with very strong 
 hard wood. Silhet, Wallich! 4119; Tipperah, Roxburgh. 
 
 The position of this species in the genus is uncertain in consequence of the want of 
 knowledge of the male plant and of the nature of the albumen in the seed; thus when 
 more intimately known, the species may require to be removed to Sect. I. MELONIA or 
 elsewhere. 
 
 112. DIOSPYROS DIEPENHORSTII, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. i. pp. 250, 583 (1860). 
 
 D. foliis oblongis, apice breviter acuminatis, basi obtusis, firmiter coriaceis, glabris, 
 breviter petiolatis ; ftoribus femineis secus ramos vetustiores aggregatis, ovario ovoideo, hepta- 
 gono, glabro, I4s-loculari, basi abrupte stipitato-constricto, calyce coriaceo cupulato grossificante, 
 extus parce appresso-pubescente. 
 
 Buds somewhat hirsute; branchlets glabrous. Leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, the 
 upper ones sublanceolate, rounded or obtuse at the base, shortly acuminate, glabrous, of 
 firm parchment-like texture, smooth above with the lateral veins usually depressed, pale 
 
 302 
 
236 MR HIEEN, ON EBENACK&. 
 
 beneath with the lateral veins prominent mostly patent united within the margin and 
 loosely reticulated, 9 10 in. long. 
 
 9 . Flowers densely crowded on the old branches, with short pedicels and hirtellous 
 bracts ; ovary rather thickened, resting on a coriaceous cup-shaped patent obtusely 5-lobed 
 calyx sparsely covered outside with appressed puberulence, abruptly stipitate-constricted at 
 the base, ovoid-heptagonal, glabrous, marked at the apex with 7 pits and teeth, 14 (? 16)- 
 celled. 
 
 According to Miquel it is clearly related to D. ramiflora, Roxb., but quite a distinct 
 species. Malay name Djantoe-dipo. I have not seen a specimen. 
 
 West Sumatra in Province Priaman, Diepenhorst. 
 
 113. DIOSPYROS SUMATRANA, Miq. Plantse Junghuhnianse, p. 203 (1851 55). 
 
 ,D. foliis distichis, oblongis, apice anguste acuminatis, basi cuneatis, submembranaceis, 
 "breviter petiolatis ; floribus femineis laxiuscule cymosis, fructibus immaturis ovoid eo-oblongis, 
 subglabris, 4>-locularibus, loculis monospermis, albumine non ruminato, calyce fructifero pro- 
 funde 4>-lobo appresse pubescente, aucto, foliaceo, lobis suberectis, ovatis, acuminatis, basi cor- 
 datis. 
 
 Young parts inflorescence petioles and midrib of leaves beneath covered with short 
 stiff puberulence. Leaves firmly submembranous, oblong, alternate, with a long narrow 
 acumen at apex, cuneate at base, distichous, 2| 5 in. long by |? 2 in. wide ; petioles 
 J ^ in. long ; veins slightly depressed above, in relief beneath ; lateral veins 5 6 ; very 
 minutely and vaguely pellucid-punctate. 
 
 9 . Cymes rather lax, about \ in. long or shorter (excluding the flowers) ; peduncles \ in. 
 long, about 3-flowered ; pedicels with yellowish hairs, thickened upwards ; bracts foliaceous, 
 caducous. Fruit (unripe ?) oblong, f \ in. long, glabrous ; style, erect, glabrous (broken), dis- 
 tinct. Fruiting calyx deeply 4-lobed, appressedly pubescent, erect or sub-erect, nearly as long 
 as the young fruit ; lobes ovate, acutely acuminate, wide and cordate at base, foliaceous, wavy ; 
 seed \ in. long; albumen not ruminated; young fruit glabrous, 4-celled; cells 1-seeded. 
 
 Sumatra, Korthals !, distr. Angkola, Junghuhn /; Borneo, Kortlwh / 
 
 114. DIOSPYROS PENIHJLA, Hasselt ex Hasskarl PL Javan. p. 468. n. 352 (1848). 
 
 D. foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, utrinque acuminatis, gla'jris, breviter petiolatis, Jloribus 
 masculis solitariis, femineis I 2-ra's vel breve-racemosis, calyce 4<-fido, nigro-piloso, corolla} 
 lobis revolutis, jilamentis 8, villosis, antheras 2 3 gerentibus, ovario ovoideo, 4 8-loculari, 
 fructibus carnosis. 
 
 A lofty dioecious tree. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate at both ends, 2J 3| in. 
 long by 1 2 wide, shortly petiolate, glabrous. 
 
 $. Flowers solitary. 9- Flowers solitary 2 together or collected in small racemes, 
 pendulous. Calyx 4-fid, bright green, nigro-pilose. Corolla pale yellow, with reflexed lobes. 
 Filaments 8, short, hairy, bearing 2 3 anthers. Ovary ovoid, 4 8-celled ; style thick, 
 attenuate at the apex (or 2 4 connate styles) ; stigmas 4, emarginate. Fruit fleshy, pilose 
 when young, 4 8-celled ; cells 1-seeded. 
 
 Java, Bantam Province, Mt. Pulassarie, flowers in June, between 4000 ft. alt. and the 
 crater, Hasselt. 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. . 237 
 
 115. DioSPYROS MACROPHYLLA, Blume Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. p. 670 (1825). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus vel ovali-oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel interdum 
 subcordatis, tenuiter coriaceis, supra glabris, subtus glabriusculis, nervis gracilibus, breviter 
 petiolatis ; floribus masculis paniculatis, pedicellis brevibus, calyce breviter 3 5-fido,- urceolato, 
 corolla breviter 5-lobd, crasso-ligned, staminibus 12, geminatis, glabris, cymis femineis pauci- 
 floris brevibus, fructibus tomentosis subglobosis, calyce fructifero aucto. 
 
 Alph. DO. Prodr. vin. p. 228. n. 27 (1844), non Wall. 
 
 D. phyllomegas, Steud. Nomencl. Bot. edit. ii. vol. I. p. 514 (1840). 
 
 A tree 60 feet high, with dark terete branches. Leaves alternate, oval or oval-oblong, 
 acuminate at apex, rounded or sub-cordate at base, thinly coriaceous, nearly glabrescent 
 above with clear slender arching lateral veins, glabrous above, 3 10 in. long by 1J 4j in. 
 wide ; petioles J J in. long. 
 
 ,J. Flowers axillary, paniculate, in. long, pubescent ; panicles many-flowered; 1 1 J in. 
 long, ultimate pedicels mostly short. Calyx shortly 3 5-fid, globose-urceolate, T 3 ff in. long, 
 lobes deltoid ; corolla silky outside, ovoid in bud, shortly 5-lobed, tube very crass and hard ; 
 stamens 12, unequal, in pairs, glabrous. 
 
 2 . Cymes few-flowered, short, calyx 4 5-fid, hairy on both sides, accrescent in fruit ; 
 fruit tomentose, sub-globose, 1 in. or more in diameter. 
 
 Java, in mountainous places, Blume ! Local name Kitjallung. 
 
 116. DIOSPYROS OVALIFOLIA, R. Wight, Ic. t. 1227 (1850). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, apice obtusis, basi angustatis, tenuiter coriaceis, glabris, 
 petiolatis, jloribus aggregatis, 3 6-m's, brevissime cymosis, 4 5-mem, urceolatis, calyce brevi, 
 pubescente, corolla subglabrd, lobis obtusis, staminibus 13 20, glabris, subcequalibus, plerisque 
 geminatis ; in Jlore femineo staminodiis 7, ovario hirsuto 4- vel 6-loculari, loculis l-ovulatis ; 
 fructibus solitariis, globosis, glabratis, seminum albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Thw. Enum. Ceyl. PL p. 181. n. 13 (1864). 
 
 A moderate-sized tree, glabrous except the inflorescence. Leaves oval- or obovate-oblong, 
 rounded or obtusely pointed at apex, more or less narrowed at base, thinly coriaceous, 
 alternate, midrib depressed above, 1^ 6 in. long by \ 2| in. wide, with petiole \ Jin. 
 long, turning yellowish when dry, paler beneath with reddish midrib. 
 
 $ . Flowers clustered, 3 6 together, on very short hairy cymes, in the axils of fallen 
 or present leaves, 4 5-merous, \ \ in. long. Calyx -fa in. long, tawny-hairy on both sides, 
 openly campanulate, with rounded or somewhat deltoid lobes about half the length of the 
 calyx. Corolla twice the length of the calyx or more, urceolate, glabrous, or nearly so, 
 4 5-fid or less deeply lobed, with obtuse spreading or recurved lobes. Stamens 13 15 20, 
 glabrous, mostly inserted on the receptacle and in pairs, nearly equal, J in. long, filaments 
 j^ in. long. Ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers clustered, 3 6 together, on very short cymes, 4 5-merous, thicker than 
 in <J. Staminodes 7, glabrous, hypogynous or at base of corolla. Ovary conical, tawny 
 
38 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 
 
 hairy, 4- or 6-celled (2-celled ex Wight 1. c.) : cells 1-ovuled ; stigma 2 3-lobed. Fruit 
 solitary, subsessile, glabrate, globose, in. in diameter, usually 1 -seeded. Fruiting calyx 
 reflexed, tomentose, thickened but not dilated or but slightly so. Seeds with albumen not 
 ruminated. 
 
 Ceylon, 20004000 ft. alt., Thwaites! 1815, 1816, 2533, Trincomalee, Moon!; Madras, 
 Coimbatore, Wight! n. 1720; Anamalay hills, Beddome! 
 
 117. DIOSPYEOS TEXANA, Scheele in Linnaea xxn. p. 145 (1849). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovatis, apice rotundis, basi cuneatis, submembranaceis, subtus pube- 
 scentibus, subsessilibus ; floribus masculis 1 S-nis, breviter pedunculatis, pubescentibus, calyce 
 5 6-partito, corolld urceolatd, 5 &-fid&, lobis obovatis, staminibus 16 20, biserialibus, 
 glabris ; floribus femineis solitariis, staminodiis 0, ovario sub-8-loculari, ovoideo, dense sericeo, 
 fructibus globosis. 
 
 A tall much-branched shrub, 12 15 feet high, with fastigiate branches spreading at 
 60 70, cinereous, verrucose, leafy, softly pubescent and pale at the apex ; warts subrotund, 
 of dark reddish colour. Leaves alternate, oblong-obovate, wedge-shaped at base, rounded or 
 emarginate at apex, submembranous, softly pubescent, pale, glabrescent on upper side ; veins 
 inconspicuous above ; nearly flat or with revolute margins, ^ 2 in. long by ^ 1 in. wide ; 
 petioles -j-^g -fa in. long, hairy. Flowers with scent of vanilla. 
 
 3 . Flowers 1 3 together, in axils of present or fallen leaves, drooping, \ \ in. long, 
 softly pubescent, pale, crowded on young shoots ; peduncles \ i-f in. long, pubescent ; 
 bracts caducous. Calyx with 5 or rarely 6 deep ovate or lanceolate lobes, shorter than the 
 tube of the corolla, \ in. long, pubescent on both sides. Corolla urceolate, with 5 or per- 
 haps rarely 6 recurved lobes about half the length of the corolla-tube, glabrous inside. 
 Stamens 16 20, distinct, in 2 rows, glabrous; anthers longer than the filaments, dehiscing 
 from the apex. (In one case a stamen is abnormal, an anther having two ' filaments.) Ovary 
 rudimentary, with grey hairs. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, pentamerous, J in. high by in. wide. Calyx large but not accre- 
 scent ; peduncles -J J in. long, recurved, bearing caducous small bracts. Corolla with spread- 
 ing lobes. Staminodes 0. Style 4-fid ; stigmas dilated. Ovary 8 (?)-celled, densely pilose. 
 Fruit globose, ^in. in diameter, dark, covered with scattered hairs, fleshy, sweet-tasted, 
 ultimately shining. Albumen not ruminated. Fruiting calyx spreading or reflexed, 5-partite ; 
 lobes f in. long, oblong, pubescent on both sides. 
 
 North America, Texas, Galveston Bay, Drummond !, Fasc. in. n. 329. ( $ fl.) ; Drummond !, 
 Fasc. n. n. 201. (Fr.); Lindheimer !, Flora Texana exsiccata, Fasc. in. n. 451 (<J), 452 (?fl.), 
 453 (Fruit); Mexico, between Laredo and Bejem, Feb. 1828, Berlandier ! ((Jfl.); collected 
 in expedition from Western Texas to El Paso, New Mexico, May Oct. 1849, by Charles 
 Wright! n. 423; Texas, Trtcul, Oct. 1849, n. 1249, in woods by the sides of streams; Herb. 
 Berlandierianum Texano-Mexicanum, n. 3030! (D. mexicana, Scheele MSS.), Ann. 1828; "Hill 
 sides, Fort Inge to Escondido Creek, and near Eagle Pass, Western Texas, flowers in March, 
 fruit ripe in August about 1 in. in diameter," Torrey. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACKtfJ. 239 
 
 118. DIOSPYROS MABACEA, F. Muell. Austral. Veg. in Intercolonial Exhibition Essays, 
 
 186667, p. 35 (1867). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, apice breviter acuminatis, basi cuneatis, chartaceis, costis 
 exceptis subglabris, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis 5 7-nis, dense cymosis, tetrameris, 
 calyce campanulato, 4-fido, lolis deltoideis acutis, corolld extus sericed, campanulatd, profunde 
 lobatd, lobis ovalibus, staminibus 15 16, glabris. 
 
 Cargittia mabacea, F. Muell. Fragm. Phytogr. Austr. V. p. 162 (1866), Benth. Fl. Austral. 
 IV. p. 287. n. 2 (1869). 
 
 Mala quadridentata, F. Muell. Fragm. I.e. 
 
 A tree, 20 feet high; young branches strigose-pubescent. Leaves oval or oblong, char- 
 taceous, alternate, cuneate at base, narrowed or shortly and obtusely acuminate at apex, 
 pubescent on midrib and principal veins beneath and on the depression of the midrib 
 above, nearly glabrous on the rest of the leaf, somewhat shining beneath, of same dark 
 green colour on both sides, 3 4 in. long by 1^ 1| in. wide ; petioles \ J in. long, hispid- 
 pubescent ; lateral veins slightly depressed on upper surface of leaves. 
 
 (5 . Flowers 5 7 together, in short axillary hairy cymes ; peduncles very short ; pedicels 
 -fa ^ in. long ; bracts ovate ; flowers tetramerous. Calyx campanulate, dark green, puberu- 
 lous outside, glabrous inside, 4-fid ; lobes deltoid acute. Corolla pale silky outside, about 
 twice the length of the calyx, deeply 4-lobed ; lobes oval, emarginate, imbricated sinis- 
 trorsely in bud. Stamens 15!, 16, many in pairs and inserted at base of corolla, a few 
 hypogynous, all glabrous, in. long ; anthers narrowly lanceolate ; filaments short. Ovary 
 rudimentary, represented by a bunch of hairs. 
 
 5 . " Fruit a scarlet berry." 
 
 Australia, Tweed River, G. Moore f 
 
 119. DIOSPYROS PENTAMERA, Woolls and F. Muell. ex F. Muell. Austral. Veg. in Inter- 
 colonial Exhibition Essays, 186667, p. 35 (1867). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovali-lanceolatis, apice obtuse acuminatis, basi attenuates, coriaceis, gla- 
 bris, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis 3 5-nis, pubescentibus, brevissime cymosis, sccpius 
 pentameris, calyce hemispJimrico, lobis deltoideis, corolld brevi, profunde 5-lobd, staminibus 15 
 20, filamentis brevissimis glabris, antheris villosis, ovarii rudimento pubescente ; floribus fe- 
 mineis 1 3-nis, fructibus solitariis, subsessilibus, globosis, apice excepto glabratis, 1 4-focw- 
 laribus, seminum albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Cargittia pentamera, Woolls et F. Muell. in F. Muell. Fragm. Phytogr. Austr. IV. p. 
 82 (1864), Benth. Fl. Austr. IV. p. 288. n. 4 (1869). 
 Maba pentamera, F. Muell. 1. c. V. 163 (1866). 
 C. arborea, A. Cunn. MSS. 
 
 A large tree attaining 80 100 feet in height and 2 3 feet in diameter, glabrous 
 except the young shoots and inflorescence, somewhat rigid in habit. Leaves alternate, lan- 
 ceolate or oval, cuneate or attenuate at base and usually as much so at the apex, coria- 
 
240 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^I. 
 
 ceous, shining above, pale and yellowish at least beneath, 1 3 in. long by ^ 1 in. wide . 
 petioles ^ Jin. long; midrib slightly either raised or depressed above; net-veins nume- 
 rous rather prominent above, rather inconspicuous beneath. Leaves usually marked beneath 
 by some small dark glands arranged along 2 straight lines equally distant from the midrib. 
 
 j? . Flowers 3 5 together, f in. long, on short silky drooping cymes which measure 
 without the flowers about ^ in. long; pedicels very short. Calyx hemispherical, pubes- 
 cent outside, glabrous or shining inside, half the length of the flower, 5-fid, with deltoid 
 lobes; rarely 4 6-fid. Corolla sub-globose, open at the mouth, pale and shortly pubes- 
 cent outside, glabrous inside, deeply 5-lobed, imbricated sinistrorsely in bud ; lobes oval. 
 Stamens 15 20 ex Bentham I.e., usually 20 in pairs or in groups; anthers "tetragono- 
 linear, rostellate, dehiscing laterally from apex downwards," silky; filaments very short, 
 glabrous. Ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers subsessile, 13 together, usually solitary (?). Fruit solitary, subsessile, globose 
 or spheroidal, about in. long, glabrate except the apex, tipped by the remains of the 
 hairy style, 2 4-usually 4- or rarely 1-celled ; cells 1-seeded ; pericarp thin, crustaceous ; 
 dissepiments membranous ; seeds in. long or rather more ; albumen white, cartilaginous ; 
 embryo \ in. long ; radicle clavate-cylindrical, slender, equalling the flat narrowly or linear- 
 lanceolate cotyledons. 
 
 Fruiting calyx ^in. long, receiving the base of the fruit, puberulous or pubescent on 
 both sides, 5- rarely 4-fid ; lobes often somewhat spreading. 
 
 Australia, Moreton Bay, Leichhardt ; Brisbane river, A. Cunningham!; New South 
 Wales, C. Moore/, Paris Exhibition, Sydney woods 30, W. Macarthur ! 49. Plentiful on 
 the mountain brushes of the Hastings River, C. Moore ; Clarence River, C. Moore ! , Beckler, 
 J. Wilcox; Queensland, Hill!; Ash Island, Hunter's River, Mrs Forde and Miss Scott ex 
 W. Woolls, Contr. Fl. Austr. p. 192 (1867). Fruit eaten by the Carpophaga magnified, Selby. 
 Called Black Myrtle by the colonists. Timber soft when fresh, but exceedingly tough. 
 
 120. DIOSPYEOS PARALEA, Steud. Nomencl. Bot. edit. ii. vol. I. p. -514 (1840). 
 D. foliis ovalibus, alternis, apice acuminatis, basi obtusis supra nitidis glabrescentibus, 
 subtus costd margineque tomentosis vel subglabrescentibus, coriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus 
 masculis aggregates, subsessilibus, ferrugineo-tomentosis, tetrameris, calyce 4-fido, corolla cam- 
 panulatd, 4>-fidd, staminibus circiter 16, antheris linear i-lanceolatis, hirsutis, filamentis brevibus 
 glabris ; floribus femineis subsolitariis vel aggregatis, subsessilibus, staminodiis 8, ovario 
 tomentoso, 8-loculari; fructibus globosis, subglabratis, seminum albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 224. n. 10 (1844), Miq. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vn. p. 6. t. 3 (1856). 
 
 Paralea guianensis, Aubl. PI. Guyan. I. p. 576 (1775). P. guyannensis, Aubl. I. c. t. 231 
 (stain, char, et fig. excl.) ; Paralia guianensis, Desv. ex Hamilt. Prodr. PI. Ind. Occ. p. 45. 
 n. 89 (1825). 
 
 D. ferruginea, Spltgbr. in Vriese Ned. Kruidk. Arch. p. 327 (1848). 
 
 D. longifolia, Spruce in Journ. Proceed. Linn. Soc. Lond. V. p. 7 (1861), PI. Bras, exsicc. 
 n. 1516 (1851). 
 
 A small moderate-sized or lofty tree of hard white wood ; young shoots buds and 
 inflorescence ferruginous-tomentose. Leaves oval-oblong or ovate-oblong, alternate, more or 
 less rounded occasionally somewhat narrowed at base, acuminate at apex, coriaceous, 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACEJE. 241 
 
 shining and glabrous or nearly so with depressed midrib above, pubescent puberulous or 
 nearly, glabrescent beneath especially on the marked midrib and recurved margins (hairs 
 rufous in dried state ; leaves bordered when young with white hairs which fall off, 
 according to Aublet) ; lateral veins several, slender ; leaves 3 8 in. long by 1 2 J in. 
 wide ; petioles \ f in. long, glabreseent. Bracts rufous-hairy. 
 
 <? . Flowers in axillary subsessile clusters, ^ in. long, rufous-hairy. Calyx ^ in. long, 
 acutely 4-fid ; lobes deltoid. Corolla fleshy, campanulate or campanulate-oblong, sweet- 
 scented, quadrangular, with a short inflated tube and 4 short lobes, glabrous, inside 
 (ferruginous on both sides ex Vriese), 4-fid. Stamens 16 !, united by their filaments in 
 8 pairs (18 ex Aublet, about 13 ex Alph. DC., 8 ex Vriese), the inner ones the 
 shorter; anthers linear-lanceolate, hairy at the back of the outer ones and at the front 
 of the inner ones; filaments short, glabrous. Ovary rudimentary, ferruginous-hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers (subsolitary ex DC.) few together in axillary subsessile clusters. Staminodes 
 8. Ovary 8-celled ; cells 1-ovuled. Fruit solitary or 2 together, subsessile, shining and 
 glabrate or with some persistent ferruginous hairs, globose, about 1 in. in diameter, 
 pericarp at length splitting from apex, 3 4-seeded. Fruiting calyx with 4 lobes cordate 
 at base, rufous-hairy especially on the undulating margins, on the centre of the back and 
 inside, suberect or spreading, |- 1 in. across. Seeds oblong, \ in. long ; albumen not ruminated. 
 
 A decoction of the bark is said to be useful in case of fever in Guiana, where the 
 plant is known by the name of Parala. 
 
 French Guiana, Cayenne, Sagot ! n. 1253, Martin /; Guiana, Mrs Parker I ; British 
 Guiana, Schomburgkf 1492; Surinam, Hostmann! 547, Splitgerber, 541; S. Venezuela, 
 near the rivers Casiquiari, Vasiva and Pacimoni, Spruce! 3159 $ flower (arbor gracilis 
 18-pedalis, ramulis longis pendulis. Flores flavo-virides. In ripis inundatis per totum Casi- 
 quiarem, necnon in Orinoco superiore, Nov. 1853) ; Brazil, by the south bank of the 
 Rio Negro close to its junction with the Solimoes, Spruce ! 1516, in fruit (small tree 
 with subverticillate subsimple branches, fruit green, seeds immersed in flesh, D. longifolia, 
 Spruce). 
 
 According to Mr Spruce, his D. longifolia has the branches arranged in whorls of five 
 (very rarely three or four), while in D. Paralea the branches are alternate. The branches 
 however in D. Paralea are sometimes verticillate. 
 
 121. DIOSPYROS RHODOCALYX, Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Bengal, Vol. XL. Part II. p. 71. n. 91 (1871). 
 
 D. foliis oblongis vel ovali-oblongis, apice obtusis, basi angustatis, chartaceis, suprcb glabris, 
 lucidis, subtus secus costam pnbescentibus, "breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis tetrameris, 
 brevissime cymosis, calyce dense fulw-pubescente, lobis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusiusculis, coroUd 
 glabrd, urceolatd, staminibiis circiter 16 corollce basi insertis ; floribus femineis solitariis, sta- 
 minodiis 8 10, ovario dense fulvo-tomenloso, 4>-loculari (?). 
 
 Flora, 1871, p. 332, 
 
 , : . A small tree with young parts appressedly pubescent. Leaves oblong or oval-oblong, 
 
 rarely obovate-oblong, retuse or rarely (on the same stock) obtusely apiculate, on slender and 
 
 short petioles, acute or obtuse at base, chartaeeous, of variable size 1 2 or 3 4 in. long, 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 31 
 
242 MK HIERN, ON EBENACE^R. 
 
 glabrous and shining above, for the most part slightly pubescent beneath on the midrib ; 
 veins conspicuous, net-veins lax. Flowers tetramerous, small, sessile or subsessile, axillary ; 
 bracts linear, densely fulvo-tomentose, short. 
 
 $ . Cymes very short, tomentose, calyx densely tawny-pubescent ; lobes oblong, lanceo- 
 late, rather obtuse, corolla glabrous, scarcely in. long ; tube inflated ; lobes short, oblong. 
 Stamens about 16, inserted at the base of the corolla; filaments short, bearded; anthers 
 linear, acuminate. Ovary rudimentary. 
 
 2 . Flowers solitary, sessile or subsessile. Calyx larger than in the ; lobes widely 
 oblong, obtuse, at the base with margin plicate-dilatated and tinged with red. Corolla \ in. 
 long. Staminodes 8 10. Ovary oblong densely fulvo-tomentose, 4-celled (?). 
 
 Siarn, Kadburf and Kanburf, Teijsmann 6000, 6007 in Herb. Bogor. 
 
 According to Kurz, somewhat resembling in general habit " D. heterophylla, Wall., and best 
 placed near D. tomentosa," Poir. I have not seen a specimen. 
 
 122. DlOSPYROS MACBOCABPA, sp. HOY. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis, apice acutis vel subacuminatis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, 
 subtus pubescentibus, subglabrescentibus, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis axillaribus, 
 breviter cymosis, subsessilibus, pubescentibus, tetrameris, calyce campanulato, ^-fido, corolla 
 4-fidd campanulatd, staminibus 16, geminatis, filamentis dense pilosis; fructibus solitariis, 
 subsessilibus, ovoideis, glabratis, seminum albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Cargillia macrocarpa, Vieill. Hb. 
 
 Young parts shortly densely and softly pubescent. Branches dark, glabrescent. Leaves 
 oblong, acute or slightly acuminate at apex, somewhat narrowed at base into petiole, 
 alternate, coriaceous, dark-cinereous glabrous and shining above with slightly depressed 
 midrib, paler appressedly pubescent and sub-glabrescent beneath with duller veins; margins 
 more or less undulated ; 2 5 in. long (besides petiole ^ \ in. long) by f 1| in. wide. 
 
 cJ. Cymes axillary, short, bearing about 35 subsessile flowers, about equalling the 
 petiole, softly pubescent, subferruginous ; common peduncle in bud about ^ in. long. Bracts 
 minute. Flower-bud ovoid, about in. long, scarcely exceeding the calyx. Calyx cam- 
 panulate, erect, 4-fid, with deltoid acute lobes; glabrous except near margin and shining 
 inside. ^Corolla 4-fid, with rounded or mucronate sinistrorsely imbricated lobes ; hairy 
 outside, glabrous inside. Stamens 16 in 8 pairs, the pairs arranged in one row ; filaments 
 short, dilated and united in pairs at the base and (in young state) almost forming a short 
 tube at base of corolla, densely setose-pilose especially the outer ones; anthers lanceolate- 
 linear apiculate comparatively glabrous, but the outer ones surrounded by the dense long 
 hairs of the filaments. Ovary rudimentary, small, pubescent, surmounted by 2 styles. 
 
 9 . Fruit solitary, subsessile, ovoid, glabrate, about 1 in. high by 1 in. thick or more, 
 apparently 4-celled, fleshy, with rather thin pericarp. Bracts caducous. Fruiting calyx flat, 
 4-fid. f | in. across, shortly sub-pubescent outside, pubescent inside ; lobes widely ovate, 
 obtuse or mucronate. Seed rather more than 1 in. long, oblong, albumen not ruminated. 
 
 New Caledonia, Balade, Wagap, Vieillard! n. 890; Puncher! n. 251. 
 
MRHIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 243 
 
 123. DlOSPYROS PERFORATA, sp. noV. 
 
 D. gldbra, foliis ovali-oblongis, alternis, apice acuminatis, basi angustatis, firmiter mem,' 
 branaceis, perforato-punctatis, breviter petiolatis, nervis patentibus; floribus masculis aggregates, 
 subsessilibus, pubescentibus, campanulatis, calyce profunde 4*-fido, corolld urceolatd (?), 4>-fidd, lobis 
 latis, staminibus 16, geminatis, receptaculo insertis, interioribus brevioribus, antheris hispidis, 
 filamentis superne hispidis inferne glabris, ovario 0, receptaculo leviter hispido. 
 
 Glabrous except the inflorescence and buds; branches cinereous, longitudinally wrinkled. 
 Leaves alternate, oval-oblong, acuminate, narrowed at base, firmly membranous, scattered with 
 small dark glands especially alongside the midrib beneath, in places perforated, 6-jr7^ in. long 
 by If 2J in. wide, dark and shining above with depressed patent lateral veins, pale brown 
 beneath with rather distinctly marked lateral veins ; petioles channelled above, \ in. long. 
 
 <J. Flowers clustered, subsessile, few or several together on axillary or lateral nodules, 
 tawny-pubescent, in bud about -Jin. long; bracts small, imbricated, on very short pedicels, 
 dark-cinereous; calyx deeply 4-fid, lobes deltoid, glabrous inside; corolla urceolate (?), 4-fid, 
 glabrous inside, appressedly silky outside, contorted sinistrorsely in aestivation, 4-fid, slightly 
 exceeding the calyx, lobes rounded ; stamens 16, united by their filaments in 8 pairs, inner 
 ones rather shorter, anthers longer than the filaments, with hairs on the back and front 
 especially on the back of the outer ones and on the front of the inner ones, connective 
 apiculate, filaments with spreading hairs above, glabrous beneath ; ovary or minute, repre- 
 sented by a few short hairs on the receptacle. 
 
 Ceram Island, Moluccas, De Vriesef 1857 61. 
 
 124. DIOSPYROS OBLONGA, Wall. List n. 4124 (1828 32). 
 
 D, foliis oblongis, alternis, apice breviter acuminatis, basi obtusis, subcoriaceis, glabris, 
 petiolatis; floribus femineis I S-nis, brevissime cymosis, confertis, pentameris, calyce profunde 
 lobato, hispidis, lobis undulatis basi auriculatis, corolld calycem cequante, carnosd, ovario 
 ferrugineo-pubescente, 10-loculari ; fructibus subglobosis, subglabratis, seminum albumine non 
 ruminato. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 228. n. 26 (1844) ; G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. iv. p. 40 
 (1837) excl. synon. 
 
 A tree or shrub; branches terete or warty, glabrous, puberulous at the extremities, 
 dark. Leaves oblong, subcoriaceous, alternate, rounded near base, glabrous, shortly acu- 
 minate at apex, 5 9J in. long by 2 4 in. wide, with petioles | |in. long; midrib strong 
 and lateral veins numerous clear parallel and spreading, both depressed on upper surface. 
 
 2 . Flowers crowded, subsessile or in very short 1 3-flowered cymes, on short young 
 shoots or axillary, pentamerous. Calyx covered on both sides with a mixture of black and 
 ferruginous short hairs, ^yin. long, deeply 5-lobed, rather crass; lobes erect-patent with 
 wavy margins auricled at base. Corolla 5-lobed, ferruginous-hairy outside, glabrous inside, 
 fleshy, not exceeding the calyx (in bud). Staminodes 5, glabrous. Ovary 10-celled, ferruginous- 
 hairy; cells 1-ovuled. Fruit subglobose, nearly glabrate, fin. long; surrounded at base by 
 blackish hispid calyx in. across with appressed or somewhat spreading lobes having wavy 
 margins and auricled pouting bases; albumen horny, not ruminated. 
 
 Penang, Wallichf n. 4124; Singapore, Maingay! n. 967. 
 
 312 
 
244 MR HIERN, ON 
 
 125. DIOSPYEOS EBENASTER, Retz. Obs. Bot., fasc. v., p. 31 (1789). 
 
 D. glabra, foliis alternis, ellipticis vel oUongis, apice plerlsque obtusis, basi angustatis, 
 firmiter membranaceis, nitidis, petiolatis ; floribus 4 Q-meris, pubescentibus, axillaribus> 
 polygamis, pedunculis brevibiis uniftoris vel masculis pluriftoris, calyce 4 Q-fido, lobis ovatis 
 margine revolutis, corolla urceolatd, apice lobatd, staminibus 8 20, leviter pubescentibus, 
 ovario pubescente, 4 \Q-loculari; fructibus magnis edulibus, 4 10-spermis, albumine non 
 ruminato. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 235. n. 64 (1844) ; non Spach ; nee D. Hebenaster, Gaertn. 
 Fruct. et Sem. PI. n. p. 478. t. 179. f. 9 (1791). 
 
 D. digyna, Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. vol. in. p. 35. t. 313 (1798); Alph. DC. I.e. p. 238. n. 
 80; non Hort. 
 
 D. revoluta, Poir. in Encycl. Meth. v. p. 435. n. 18 (1804); Alph. DC. I.e. p. 234. n. 60. 
 
 D. obtusifolia, Humb. et Bonpl. ex Willd. Sp. PI. iv. p. 1112 (1805) ; Humb. Bonpl. et 
 Kunth, Nov. Gen. et Sp. PI. in. p. 253. t. 247 (1818); Alph. DC. I.e. p. 227. n. 24; non Bert. 
 
 D. Sapota, Roxb. Hort. Beng. p. 40 (1814), Fl. Ind. edit. 1832, vol. n. p. 535; Bot. Mag. 
 LXix. t. 3988 (1843); Alph. DC. I.e. p. 228. n. 25. 
 
 D. sapotanigra, DC. Ess. Prop. Med. PI. p. 200 (1816). 
 
 D. edulis, Lodd. ex Sweet, Hort. Brit. p. 270 (1827) ; Alph. DC. I. c. p. 239. n. 90. 
 
 D. decandra, Boj. Hort. Maurit. p. 200 (1837), non Lour. 
 
 Sapota nigra, Blanco, Fl. Filip. p. 409 (1837). 
 
 D. membranacea, Alph. DC. ! I. c. p. 227. n. 20 (1844). 
 
 D. nigra, Blanco, Fl. Filip. edit. ii. p. 211 (1845). 
 
 D. laurifolia, A. Rich. Fl. Cub. in Ramon de la Sagra, Hist, de Cuba, vol. XI. p. 86. t. 55 
 (184555), ex Walp. Ann. Bot. V. p. 480 (1858). 
 
 D. brasiliensis, Mart. Fl. Bras. vil. p. 5. t. 2. f. 2 (1856). 
 
 Hebenaster, Rumph. Amb. in. lib. IV. p. 13. t. 6 (1750). 
 
 Sapotte Negro, Sonnerat, Voy. a la Nouv. Guin. p. 45. tt. 14 16 (1776). 
 
 A tall shrub or even lofty tree, quite glabrous except the inflorescence ; branches dark. 
 Leaves alternate, elliptical or oblong, usually obtuse at apex, somewhat narrowed at base, firmly 
 membranous, shining, evergreen, 3 12 in. long by 1| 3 Jin. wide; midrib depressed above; 
 net-veins not conspicuous; petioles ranging up to | in. long. Flowers polygamous, 4 6- 
 merous, \ 1 in. long, pubescent ; peduncles axillary, pubescent, solitary, those producing 
 male ffowers with several flowers, those with hermaphrodite or female flowers 1-flowered, 
 \ \ in. long, bracteate. Calyx ample, \ | in. long, somewhat hairy on both sides, 4 6-fid, 
 lobes ovate, with revolute margins and sinuses. Corolla urceolate, twice the length of the 
 calyx, yellowish white or greenish, thick and fleshy, 4 6-lobed at apex, silky or nearly 
 glabrescent. Stamens 8 20, slightly hairy, often some or all in pairs; filaments some- 
 what pilose. Styles 2 5 ; ovary pubescent, 4 10-celled. Fruit globose, \\ 4 in. in dia- 
 meter, glabrous, shining, of olive yellowish-green colour when ripe, filled with a dark soft 
 and paste-like pulp, edible; towards the centre of the pulp are 410 cells, each con- 
 taining a large oval compressed seed; albumen cartilaginous, not ruminated. Fruiting 
 calyx spreading, much thickened in middle, 5 6-fid, 1 l^in. in diameter or less, puberulous 
 on both sides, lobes undulated.- Fruiting peduncles about \ in. long. 
 
MH HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 245 
 
 Local names, Faux Magostan in Mauritius, Lolin in Amboina, Sapotte negro, &c. 
 
 Philippine Islands, Sonnerat, Blanco, flowers in July; Celebes, Jacquin; Amboina, Rumf. 
 Cultivated in Mauritius, at Calcutta, and Malacca, Maingay! 975 ; introduced into England 
 and France &c., where it requires a hot-house for protection. Occurs also in cultivated 
 places in tropical America, perhaps introduced; Mexico, Orizaba, Botteri! 909; Vera Cruz, 
 Galeotti! 4609 (2000ft. alt.); Cuernavaca, Humboldt and Bonpland! 3984 (5000ft. alt.); 
 Lizardo, Wawra! 249; Miradon, Wawra! 1029; Brazil, Rio Janeiro, Schott and Pohlf 
 4568; Cuba, Richard; Montserrat, Ryan! ex Hb. Vahl. 
 
 Blanco loc. cit. states that the tree in the Philippine Islands grows to a height of 
 24 30 feet and is carefully cultivated as well as indigenous. He says that the flesh of 
 the fruit is blackish, and although it is eaten the taste is not well flavoured, that the 
 leaves have caustic properties, and that the unripe fruit is reported to poison fish. An 
 evergreen tree 30 50 ft. . high with light even-grained wood grown at Cordova, Mexico, 
 and called Zapotillo, probably belongs to this species; a specimen exists in the Kew Museum. 
 The type of this species cannot be found in Retz' herbarium at Lurid in Sweden. 
 
 126. DIOSPTROS SAMOENSIS, A. Gray in Amer. Acad. V. p. 326 (1862). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovali- vel ovato-oblongis, apice obtuse angustatis, basi angustatis, coriaceis, 
 glabris, petiolatis ; floribus masculis 3 9-nis, tetrameris, pubescentibus, calyce campanulato, 
 4>-Jldo, lobis obtusis, corolla campanulatd brevi, 4<-fidd, lobis obtusis ; staminibus 8 10, glabris ; 
 floribus femineis solitariis, petiolatis, ovario hirsute, 8-loculari; fructibus globosis glabris, 
 calycis fructiferi aucti tubo concavo depresso-cupuliformi, intus margine elevato ; seminum albu- 
 mine non ruminato. 
 
 Branches glabrous or young ones scarcely puberulous. Leaves alternate, glabrous, oval 
 or ovate-oblong, coriaceous, obtusely narrowed at apex, somewhat narrowed at base, 3 6 in. long 
 by 1J 3 in. wide; midrib depressed above; lateral and net- veins raised, slender; petioles 
 i | in. long. 
 
 <5 . Peduncles 3 9-flowered ; flowers tetramerous, - J in. long, ovoid in bud. Calyx cam- 
 panulate, in. long, shortly puberulous, 4-fid ; corolla silky outside, 4-fid; stamens 8 10, 
 glabrous, unequal, some in pairs. 
 
 9 . Calyx-lobes rounded ; calyx about equalling the corolla ; peduncles solitary, \ J in. long, 
 puberulous, 1-flowered, equalling the flower; ovary hairy, 8-celled ; fruit globose, f lin. in 
 diameter, glabrous ; fruiting calyx-tube flat or cupuliform with a raised border receiving the 
 base of the fruit, and with 4 obtuse spreading or recurved lobes, glabrous, about f in. wide ; seeds 
 | in. long, closely packed together ; albumen not ruminated, white. 
 
 Navigators' Islands, South Pacific Exploring Expedition ! ; Friendly Islands, W. H. Harvey !, 
 (caustic berry for burning ringworms, &c.) " Tutuna." The foliage and fruiting calyx resemble 
 D. Ebenum, Koenig, but the plant is of a paler green colour and the flowers shorter. 
 
 According to the Rev. Thomas Powell in Seemann's Journal of Botany, vol. vi. p. 281 (1868), 
 the wood of this large tree is hard and used for axe-handles and spear-points ; the fruit is used 
 for poisoning fish ; and the secretion of the fruit is a vesicatory and turns the human skin black. 
 Also the Samoan children are said to insert the midrib of the cocoa-nut leaflet into the fruit and 
 apply the liquid thus obtained to their arms to produce blisters and eventually permanent pro- 
 minences which they consider an ornament. Mr Powell describes the flowers as hermaphrodite. 
 
246 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 127. DIOSPYROS OLEN, sp. nov. 
 
 D. gldbra, foliis alternis, ovalibus, apice breviter obtuseque acuminatis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, 
 nitidis, utrinque delicate reticulatis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus femineis solitariia, breviter pedun- 
 culatis, axillaribus, bracteatis, 4- rarius 3-meris, calyce subglabro profunde lobato, lobis late ovatis 
 acuminatis basi cordatis, tubo intus margine elevato, corolla 4 3-fidd, lobis acutis, staminodiis 
 6, glabris, ovario superne pubescente, inferne glabro, 8-loculari. 
 
 Dark-cinereous, and except the inflorescence glabrous. Leaves oval, alternate, coriaceous, 
 narrowed at base and usually with a short obtuse acumen at apex, of the same cinereous colour 
 on both sides, somewhat shining on upper surface, with midrib depressed on upper side and net- 
 veins delicately raised on both sides, 2^ 4 in. long by 1 1 in. wide ; petioles j^ | in. long. 
 
 9 . Peduncles solitary, 1-flowered, axillary, \ Jin. long, patent, pubescent, bearing caducous 
 patent lanceolate alternate bracts. Flowers usually tetramerous, rarely trimerous. Calyx 
 about 1 in. across when spreading, deeply lobed, very nearly glabrous ; lobes widely ovate 
 acuminate, widened and cordate at base, \ \ in. long, spreading or reflexed, with numerous 
 parallel slight longitudinal veins ; tube with raised internal hairy border at top. Corolla about 
 \ in. high, glabrous in upper part, puberulous at least in places beneath, 3 4-fid, conical above 
 in bud ; lobes acute arching in flower outwards ; tube urceolate in flower. Staminodes inserted 
 on corolla, glabrous, about 6 (in a trimerous flower) or wanting (m a tetramerous one). Ovary 
 glabrous beneath, pubescent and suddenly narrowed towards apex ; terminating in a short 4-fid 
 style glabrous at apex ; ovary 8-celled ; cells 1-ovuled. 
 
 Indigenous name Olen. I. Lifu, Deplanchef No. 31. 
 
 128. DIOSPYROS CARGILLIA, F. Muell. Austral. Veg. in Intercolonial Exhibition Essays, 
 
 186667, p. 35 (1867). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus vel oblongis, apice obtusis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, glabris, 
 pallidis, breviter petiolatis, nervis subtus inconspicuis ; floribus masculis breviter cymosis, pubes- 
 centibus, tetrameris, axillaribus, campanulatis ; calyce k-fido, lobis deltoideis, corollce lobis obtusis, 
 staminibus scepius 16, glabris, geminatis, corollas basi insertis; floribus femineis 1 3-nis, bre- 
 vissime cymosis, axillaribus tetrameris; staminodiis 8, uni-serialibus, glabris, corollce basi 
 insertis; ovario ovoideo, pubescente, 4>-loculari, loculis bi-ovulatis; fructibus glabratis, ovoideis 
 vel globosis, I-spermis, albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Annona microcarpa, Jacq. Fragm. Bot. p. 40. t. 44. f. 7 (1800 1809). 
 
 Monodora microcarpa, Dunal, Monogr. Anon. p. 80 (1817). Cfr. Brown in Tuckey, 
 Congo, p. 475 (1818). 
 
 Cargillia australis, K. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. et Ins. Van-Diem, p. 527. n. 2 (1810) ; 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vnr. p. 243. n. 1 (1844); Bot. Mag. t. 3274(1833); Ettingsh. Blatt-skel. 
 Dikot. p. 90. t. 35. f. 6 (1861) ; Benth. Fl. Austral. IV. p. 288. n. 3 (1869); F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 
 p. 82 (1864). 
 
 Maba Cargillia, F. Muell. Fragm. V. p. 162 (1866). 
 
 This species is cited on pages 30, 31, 36, 46, 54 by the name of Diospyros 
 australis. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 247 
 
 A large shrub or tree 20 40 or even 100 feet high, glabrous, or the young parts 
 and inflorescence with short hairs; trunk sometimes 2 feet in diameter. Leaves oblong or 
 oval, alternate, coriaceous, obtuse at apex, more or less narrowed at base, palish green 
 especially beneath, 1| 4in. long by | IJin. wide including petiole Jin. long; mid- 
 rib flattish depressed above ; lateral and net-veins in relief and not conspicuous ; frequently 
 with small black spots arranged in a row on each side of midrib beneath. Flowers dioe- 
 cious, tetramerous (or rarely trimerous ?). 
 
 <y. Flowers several together arranged on short axillary pubescent drooping cymes 
 which without the flowers measure J in. long ; calyx -fa in. high, covered with pale ap- 
 pressed short hispid hairs, shortly lobed, campanulate, with deltoid lobes ; corolla \ in. long, 
 deeply lobed, covered outside with pale short hairs, glabrous inside, ovoid in bud, campa- 
 nulate in open flower; lobes erect or recurved at apex, obtuse; stamens 12 16, usually 
 16, in pairs, glabrous, inserted at base of corolla ; anthers longer than the filaments, lan- 
 ceolate linear, dehiscing by lateral slits near apex ; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 J . Flowers 1 3 together, J in. long, on very short cymes, campanulate, pubescent ; 
 calyx y\in. high by in. thick, 4-fid; corolla deeply 4 -lobed, lobes obtuse; staminodes 8, in 
 one row, inserted at base of corolla, glabrous, with lateral slits ; ovary ovoid, hairy, 4-celled ; 
 cells often with 2 ovules, without any trace of a dissepiment between them, alternate with 
 the calycine lobes ; style hairy, 2-lobed at apex ; stigma 2-lobed and glabrous. Fruit glo- 
 bular or ovoid, | fin. thick, fuscous and glabrescent when ripe, edible, ultimately 1-celled 
 and 1-seeded ; albumen of seed not ruminated ; fruiting calyx about J in. high, cup-shaped, 
 shortly puberulous or nearly glabrous. Fruit called Grey plums. Slender-growing tree, with 
 elongated trunk and elegant rigid foliage. Wood close, very tough and firm. 
 
 In the forest regions towards the coast through New South Wales and Queensland. 
 Australia, Huyel!; Queensland, Brisbane River, Moreton Bay, F. Mueller; Rockhamptou, 
 Dallachy ! ; Crocodile Creek, Bowman; New South Wales, Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, 
 R. Brown!, F. Mueller!; Berrima and Richmond 'River, C. Moore; Hastings and Mackay 
 Rivers, Beckler!; Illawarra, A. Cunningham!; Sydney, Bynoe !; Sydney woods, Paris Exhibition 
 No. 20, M. Macarthur !; New South Wales, Kiama, W. H. Harvey ! ; Cabramatta River, W. Woolls. 
 
 129. DIOSPYROS MALACAPAI, Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 237. n. 75 (1844). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, glandulis sparsis ; floribus axillaribus, 1 S-nis, calyce 4-lobo, 
 baccd globosd, 4>-loculari, loculis 2-spermis. 
 
 A small tree having yellow wood, with some black spots ; said to keep off bugs when fresh. 
 Leaves alternate, oval, with some scattered glands especially at the end. Flowers axillary, 1 3 
 together ; calyx 4-lobed ; fruit baccate, globose, 4-celled ; cells 2-ovuled. 
 
 Local name Malacapai (Blanco, Fl. Filipin. p. 302, 1837); Tagatog, Philippine Islands, 
 Blanco. 
 
 130. DIOSPYROS SPINOSA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. spinosa, foliis alternis, ovalibus, apice acuminatis vel obtusiusculis, basi rotundatis vel 
 subcordatis, junioribits subtus pubescentibus ; margine revolutis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus 
 
248 MR HIERN, ON EBENACPLE. 
 
 masculis brevissime cymosis, parvis, tetrameris, calyce hemisphcerico, corolld profunde 4-lobd, 
 staminibus 16, glabris, ovarii rudimento glabro. 
 
 Dull, spinous ; young parts and inflorescence ferruginously tomentose-pubescent ; branches 
 terete. Leaves alternate, coriaceous, oval, acuminate or pointed at apex, rounded or sub- 
 cordate at base, with whitish loose hairs beneath when young, subglabrescent, dark green above, 
 browner beneath, 1| 3 in. long by f 1 in. wide; margins recurved; petioles in. long, 
 pubescent, terete. 
 
 tJ. Inflorescence arranged in very short axillary cymes on the young branches; flowers 
 jtj in. long fin bud), subglobose, tetramerous. Calyx about half the length of the flower, hemi- 
 spherical, appressedly hairy outside, glabrous inside, deeply 4-fid ; lobes rounded, sinistrorsely 
 contorted in bud. Corolla subglobose, glabrous except 4 hairy lines outside along middle of 
 lobes, deeply 4-lobed ; lobes rounded, sinistrorsely contorted in aestivation. Stamens 16, glabrous, 
 subequal (?), in two rows (?), distinct, inserted at or near base of corolla ; anthers lanceolate, 
 acute, longer than the filaments, dehiscing laterally from the apex ; ovary rudimentary, 
 glabrous. 
 
 Brazil, Nartius! Herb. Eeg. Monac., Ebenaceae n. 144. 
 
 131. DIOSPYROS OVALIS, sp. nov. 
 
 D. fruticosa, foliis alternis, ovalibus, utrinque rotundatis, apice mucronatis, basi subcorda- 
 tis, suprcu glabris nitidis, subtus villosis, subcoriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis 
 breviter cymosis, tetrameris, profunde lobatis, corollas lobis obovatis patentibiw, staminibus circ'- 
 ter 20, glabris. 
 
 A shrub, 2 3 feet high. Young parts underside of leaves and inflorescence and especially 
 the buds subferruginous-pubescent. Branches terete, glabrescent and nitescent, numerous. 
 Leaves (of the shoots of the current season) oval, alternate, subcoriaceous, mucronate at apex, 
 subcordate at base, dark shining and glabrous above except depression of midrib, without 
 conspicuous veins, shaggy underneath with ciliated margins, about 1 in. long by | in. wide ; 
 petioles about ^ in. long, pubescent. 
 
 (5. Inflorescence 'at the base of the shoots of the current season, cymose, with few or 
 several flowers rather loosely arranged ; cymes (excluding the flowers) J in. long ; pedicels 
 abeut \ in. long ; bracts oval, densely pubescent. Flowers -fa in. long, tetramerous, green. 
 Calyx % in. long, partite with lanceolate erect-patent lobes, pubescent on both sides. Corolla 
 in. high (^ in. long when straightened), glabrous except 4 lines of hairs outside; lobes $7 in. 
 deep, obovate, erect-patent and recurved at apex. Stamens 20 (18 20 ex Benth. MS. in Hb. 
 Cantab.), equal, glabrous; anthers linear; filaments short, united almost in a short tube. 
 Ovary rudimentary, glabrous (?), minute. 
 
 Brazil, Pernambuco, sandy open places, Rio Preto, September. Gardner! 2813. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 249 
 
 132. DIOSPYROS HISPIDA, Alph. DC. Prodr. VIIL p. 236. n. 68 (1844). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus vel ovali-oblongis, apice cuspidatis vel acuminatis, basi scepius 
 obtusis, subcoriaceis, subtus ferrugineo-hispidis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis 2 4-m's, 
 breviter cymosis, 4-meris, calyce hispido, 4c-partito, lobis lanceolatis, corolld profunde lobatd, 
 lobis oblongis, staminibus 18 24, subcequalibus, glabris, ovarii rudimento pubescente; floribus 
 femineis 4 5-meris ; fructibus solitariis, gldbosis, dense ferrugineo-hispidis, carnosis, 8-locula- 
 ribus ; calyce fructifero 4 5-partito, patente, lobis lanceolatis. 
 
 Miq. in Mart. FL Bras. vil. (Eben.) p. 4. n. 2 (1856). 
 
 An arborescent shrub or tree, 10 30 feet high, with shoots underside of leaves and 
 inflorescence ferruginous-hispid; branches spreading. Leaves oval or oval-oblong, cuspidate 
 or acuminate, usually obtuse at base sometimes narrowed or in subcordate, subcoriaceous, 
 alternate, 2 5 in. long by 1 2 in. wide, darker and pubescent-velutinous above ; petioles 
 | in. long, hairy. 
 
 tJ . Flowers f in. long, in 2 4-flowered distant or usually contiguous cymes (\ f in. 
 long) ; pedicels -fo \ in. long. Calyx f \ in. long, ferruginous-hispid on both sides, 4-partite, 
 with lanceolate lobes. Corolla green, deeply 4-lobed, pubescent along longitudinal stripes ; lobes 
 oblong, somewhat narrowed at apex. Stamens 18 24, subequal, some or all in pairs, glabrous; 
 anthers linear; filaments short. Ovary rudimentary, globose, hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers few together, in short cymes, tetramerous or pentamerous. Fruit solitary, 
 on pedicels -^ \ in. long, densely ferruginous-hispid, globose, pointed at apex, about 1 in. 
 in diameter, fleshy, 8-ceiled, 8-seeded. Fruiting calyx 4 5-partite, spreading, 1J in. across; 
 lobes lanceolate. Seeds 8, oblong, compressed, \ in. long. 
 
 Brazil, between Goiaveira and Corrego de Jeragua, Burchett ! 7437, f fl. Aug., tree 
 20 30 ft. high, corolla green ; between Corrego-fundo and P6rto-Real, Burchell ! 8396, in 
 young fruit, November, tree 20 ft. high; Gozaz, 10ft. high, Burchett! 6994; Minas Geraes, 
 Claussen! 478. 
 
 133. DIOSPTROS GOUDOTII, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovato-oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi subcordatis, subsessilibus, sub- 
 membranaceis, suprA glabrescentibus, subtus puberulis; fructibus globosis, solitariis, axillaribus, 
 pedunculatis, papilloso-verrucosis, pilis aspersis, calyce patente, 5-lobo, non aucto. 
 
 Young parts tawny- or ferruginous-pubescent ; shoots terete, puberulous, glabrescent. 
 Leaves alternate, ovate-oblong, widest near the middle, submembranous, acuminate at apex, 
 subcordate at base, subsessile, glabrescent and dark green above with conspicuously de- 
 pressed veins, puberulous and reddish brown below at least on veins, 6 10 in. long by 
 2 4 in. wide ; petioles % in. long, ferruginous-pubescent. Fruit globose about 1 in. in 
 diameter, scattered with pilose hairs, ferruginous-pilose at apex where is base of broken 
 style ; papillose-verrucose. Fruiting calyx not accrescent, hairy on both sides, spreading, 
 in. across, with 5 ovate or lanceolate lobes J in. long. Fruiting peduncle f | in. long, 
 ferruginous hispid-pubescent, thick, erect-patent, axillary, solitary, 1-fruited ; bracts at base 
 of peduncle, ovate, imbricated, caducous, ranging up to J in. long, 
 New Granada, Muzo, Goudot! No. 3. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 32 
 
250 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 134. DIOSPYROS GAULTHERLEFOLIA, Mart. Fl. Bras. vii. (Eben.) p. 5. n. 5. t. 2. f. 1 (1856). 
 
 D. foliis distichis, oblongis, apice obtusis, basi subcordatis, tenuiter coriaceis, subtus 
 prcssertim secus nervos ferrugineo-hispidis, breviter petiolatis, marginibus in sicco late refiexis ; 
 Jloribus masculis aggregates, brevissime cymosis, 5-meris, calyce campanulato, o-fido, corolld 
 profunde lobatd, staminibus oo oo pilosis, Jloribus femineis subsessilibus aggregates ; fructibus 
 solitariis vel binis, globosis, apice abrupte conicis, setosis, papilloso-verrucosis, albumine non 
 ruminato. 
 
 A shrub or small tree 12 14 feet high ; with rufous-hairy terete branches, spreading 
 at 60", glabrescent. Leaves oblong, distichous, obtusely lanceolate at apex, subcordate at 
 base, thinly coriaceous, margins widely reflexed in the dry state ; dark shining and glabrous 
 except the midrib, with depressed veins above ; ferruginous-hispid especially on the veins 
 beneath ; 2 5 in. long by 1 2 in. wide ; petioles -fa in. long. 
 
 <J . Flowers clustered in axils of leaves ; cymes short, with oblong bracts glabrous inside, 
 T 3 T in. long, pentamerous ; calyx campanulate, ferruginous-hairy on both sides, -fo in. long, 
 lobes ovate-oblong, | in. long ; corolla glabrous outside except a few pilose hairs along 5 
 longitudinal lines outside, 5-sided in bud, deeply 5-lobed; stamens 45 75, anthers linear, 
 slender, with long scattered ferruginous hairs, filaments short, combined at base and inserted 
 at base of corolla or on the receptacle, nearly glabrous ; ovary or minute. 
 
 i . Flowers in subsessile clusters. Fruit solitary or 2 together, globose but abruptly 
 pointed at apex, with long ferruginous stiff hairs that easily rub off, papillose-verrucose, 
 scarcely 1 in. long, pulpy. Fruiting peduncle hairy, in. long ; testa thick ; albumen not 
 ruminated ; fruiting calyx with (4 or) 5 deep lanceolate lobes hairy inside, spreading, nearly 
 1 in. across. 
 
 Brazil, Bahia, Blanchet 1886 ; common in sandy shrubby places near Ma9eio, Alagoas, 
 Februaiy, 1838, Gardner/ 1412, in 9 fl. and fr. The anthers in the figure quoted above 
 are incorrectly drawn as glabrous except the apex. 
 
 135. DIOSPYROS SUBROTATA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis distichis, ovalibus, apice scepe acuminatis, basi subcordatis, tenuiter coriaceis, 
 breviter petiolatis, costd exceptd glabrescentibus ; Jloribus masculis axiUaribus, cymosis, 5 6- 
 meris, calyce aperte campanulato, corolla, partita, subrotatd, lobis obtusis patentibus, stamini- 
 bus circiter 20, antheris pilosis, linearibus ; Jloribus femineis sub-6-nis, fructibus pubescentibus. 
 
 A shrub of 8 feet high, or a small tree of 18 30 feet ; young parts with pale appressed 
 pubescence, glabrescent except the midrib of leaves and inflorescence. Leaves oval- or ovate- 
 oblong, subcordate at base, more or less acuminate at apex, thinly coriaceous, with midrib 
 depressed on upper side, distichous, with margins slightly reflexed, 3 7 in. long by 1^ 
 3 in. wide ; petioles -fa ^ in. long. 
 
 <J. Inflorescence axillary, cymose, with several or numerous flowers and spreading pedicels, 
 pubescent with short appressed hairs ; cymes ^ f in. long ; pedicels ^ fa in. long ; flowers 
 pentamerous or hexamerous ; calyx openly campanulate, with short deltoid lobes, with short 
 appressed inconspicuous pubescence, -fa J in. long ; corolla subrotate, nearly in. in diameter, 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 251 
 
 with deep oval spreading convex lobes, in. long, with longitudinal stripes of appressed hair 
 outside, glabrous inside, rather thick ; stamens about 20 ; anthers pilose, linear ; filaments 
 consolidated, short, pistil 0. 
 
 9 . Flowers about 6 together in axillary cymes. Fruiting pedicels \ J in. long or very 
 short (sessile ex Burchell MSS.) ; fruit depresso-subrotund, 4-5-sided, yellow, shining, with 
 scattered appressed short hairs, and nearly smooth skin, probably about 1 in. in diameter ; 
 fruiting calyx f in. across with acute deltoid spreading lobes and short appressed hairs inside. 
 
 Brazil, at Para, Burchell! 9923, 9952, $ fl. December; at Baiao, Burchell! 9275. 
 Fruit in June. 
 
 136. DIOSPYROS POLYANDRA, Spruce in Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. V. p. 7 (1861). 
 
 D. foliis distichis, ovato-oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi subcordatis, tenuiter coriaceis, 
 subtus pubescentibus, breviter petiolatis; jloribus masculis axillaribusj cymosis, 4 7-scepius 
 G-meris, calyce hemisphcerico extus fuko-pubescente, lobis acutis, corollw lobis profundis, 
 patentibus, staminibus 40 50; antheris linearibus, pilosis, filamentis brevissimis, basi 
 connatis. 
 
 A. tree 18 30 ft. high, with a trunk 9 in. in diameter, and branches arranged in sub- 
 terminal whorls, long, subsimple, leafy throughout, tawny-hairy at the extremities. Leaves 
 ovate-oblong, acuminate at apex, subcordate at base, 3J 6 in. long by 1^ 3 in. wide, with 
 petioles -Jj ^in. long, distichous, thinly coriaceous, with recurved edges, with scattered 
 appressed pubescence, glabrescent above ; veins depressed on upper surface of leaf. 
 
 <J. Inflorescence in axillary not very crowded cymes which without the flowers measure 
 about in. long, densely hispid-pubescent, tawny ; pedicels -fo ^ in. long ; bracteoles de- 
 ciduous ; flowers 4 7- usually 6-merous, white, sweet-scented, about J in. long and cylin- 
 dric-conical in bud ; calyx hemispherical, about \ in. long, with short acute lobes, glabrous 
 inside, tawny-hairy outside ; corolla with oval-oblong deep lobes spreading in flower, glabrous 
 inside, with longitudinal stripes of hair outside ; stamens 40 50 ; anthers linear, pilose ; 
 filaments very short, connate at base; pistil 0. 
 
 Brazil, south bank of Rio Negro at confluence with river Solimoes, Spruce! 1528; fre- 
 quent on the banks of the Casiquiare, Spruce ! 3166. <J flowers in May and sparingly in 
 November. According to Mr Spruce, the branches are arranged in whorls of five (very rarely 
 three or four). 
 
 137. DIOSPYROS COCCOLOB-EFOLIA, Mart. FI. Bras. vn. (Eben.) p. 6. n. 7. tab. 1. fig 1 (1856). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovalibus, utrinque obtusis, discoloribus, tenuiter coriaceis, subglabris, petio- 
 latis; jloribus masculis breviter cymosis, axittaribus, calyce scepius ^-partita, lobis ovatis tiel 
 lanceolatis, patentibus, ciliatis, corolla 4 6-partitd, lobis oblongis patentibus, staminibus 18 24, 
 plerisque geminatis, hirsutis ; floribus femineis 1 4s-nis, 4-mem, staminodiis 4, ovario ovoideo' 
 conico, piloso, 4:-loculari, loculis l-ovulatis. 
 
 A small or moderate-sized dioecious tree, glabrescent in most parts. Shoots and lower surface 
 of leaves pubescent especially on veins and margins, sometimes glabrous. Leaves oval, thinly 
 
 322 
 
252 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 coriaceous, or thickly membranous, somewhat or scarcely contracted and sometimes oblique at 
 base, rounded obtuse or emarginate at apex, with about 8 lateral veins on each side at about 
 50 60 with midrib, alternate, 2 4 in. long by 1 8J in. wide ; angular divergence f ; net-veins 
 pellucid in Gardner's specimen, not so in Martin's nor in Pohl's ; bluish green above, browner 
 beneath ; hairs ferruginous ; petioles ^ ^ in. long, somewhat decurrent, leaving large scars 
 on the branch ; bracts transversely oblong, glabrous inside. 
 
 <J . Inflorescence in axillary, tawny-pubescent, usually 3-flowered drooping cymes -^ J in. 
 long. Flowers J in. long, green. Calyx f in. high with (3 or) 4 lobes, tawny-hairy outside ; lobes 
 ovate or lanceolate, ciliated, almost as deep as the calyx, erect-patent. Corolla glabrous, or with 
 hairy lines on back, with 4 6 very deep oblong lobes much imbricated in the bud, erect-patent. 
 Stamens 18 24, many or all united by their filaments in pairs, J in. long, nearly equal, 
 inserted at very base of corolla (hairy either on the anthers or filaments), contiguous ; filaments 
 short and with spreading hairs (not so in Gardner's specimen), anthers linear-oblong, glabrous 
 (pilose at base in Gardner's specimen), fin. long; pollen widely ellipsoidal. Ovary rudimentary, 
 fulvo-sericeous, hemispherical, small ; style 0. 
 
 ? . Inflorescence and outside of calyx fulvo-sericeous. Flowers axillary, solitary or 2 4 
 together ; peduncles ^ in. long, thick, solitary or 2 together, articulated to the branches. 
 Calyx in. high, with 4 ovate-acute lobes. Corolla tubular, 4-fid, twice the height of the calyx, 
 white, glabrous. Staminodes 4, inserted at the base of the corolla and alternate with its lobes, 
 filiform, included, with rigid hairs at base, glabrous above. Ovary ovoid-conical, covered with 
 shining erect hairs, continuous with 4 linear oblong truncate- obtuse stigmas, "apparently 4- 
 celled" with 1 ovule in each cell. 
 
 A fruit, collected by Gardner from Brazil, where it is called Marmaleiro, and is said to be 
 good to eat, probably belongs to this species ; it is subglobose, rugose in the dry state, and nearly 
 glabrous, but pointed and tawny-pubescent at apex, f in. thick ; the calyx is spreading, slightly 
 pubescent, with 4 deep ovate-oblong lobes, about in. across. 
 
 Brazil, Serra de Araripe, Gardner/ 1511 (<J fl. October) ; in hot dry places near the river 
 S. Francis in prov. Minas, e.g. near Salgado and in the desert towards Vao do Paranan, ? flowers 
 in August and September, Martius! ; near Oliveira, Pohl! 455. 
 
 138. DIOSPYROS PEARCEI, sp. nov. 
 
 H. foliis alternis, ovato-ollongis, apice acuminatis, basi obtusis vel rotundatis, tenuiter coriaceis, 
 subtus appresse pubescentibus, petiolatis ; fioribus masculis aggregatis, subsessilibus, scepius penta- 
 meris, calyce campanulato, extus pubescente, 5-fido, lobis deltoideo-acutis, corolld subrotatd, lobis 
 patentibus, staminibus circiter 30, receptaculo insertis, antheris linearibus, pilosis, filamentis 
 brevibus basi connatis. 
 
 Young parts densely tawny-pubescent; an evergreen (?) tree, 15ft. high. Leaves ovate- 
 oblong, rounded or slightly narrowed at base, alternate, acuminate at apex, thinly coriaceous, 
 dark green and glabrous above except the depressed midrib and veins, with scattered appressed 
 pubescence beneath, 6 7|in. long by If 2f in. wide: petiole ^ in. long, pubescent. 
 
 <5. Flowers very numerous and crowded, subsessile, Jin. long, conical in bud, white, 
 pentamerous or occasionally hexamerous. Calyx campanulate, fin. long, pubescent, 5-fid; lobes 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 253 
 
 deltoid-acute, glabrous inside. Corolla with hairy lines outside, twice the length of the calyx, 
 deeply 5-lobed, subrotate, lobes spreading. Stamens about 30 ; anthers linear, pilose, with 
 long terminal apiculus; filaments short, combined at base, inserted on receptacle; ovary 0. 
 S. America, Peru (?), Monterico, 30004000 ft. alt., rare, Pearce ! 
 
 139. DIOSPYROS PERUVIANA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis altemis, oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi subrotundis ml angustatis, coriaceis, subtus 
 pubescentibus, petiolatis ; floribus masculis aggregatis, cymosis, 5 Q-meris, calyce campanulato, 
 extus pubescente, 5 6-fido, lobis lanceolatis vel ovatis, corolld profunde lobatd, lobis rotundatis 
 patentibus, staminibus 36 45, pilosis ; floribus femineis aggregatis, subsessilibus, fructibus sub- 
 globosis, papilloso-rugosis, setosis, calyce fructifero patente, non aucto. 
 
 Young parts underside of leaves and inflorescence ferruginous-pubescent. Leaves alternate, 
 more or less oblong, acuminate at apex, coriaceous, deep green, shining, and glabrescent except 
 the depressed veins above, pubescent beneath especially on the veins and recurved margins, 
 3 g in. long by 1^ 2 in. wide ; petioles ^ J in. long. 
 
 <5. Flowers cymose, several together, J |in. long, crowded; cymes (excluding the flowers) 
 | | in. long ; pedicels T 1 T5 in. long ; calyx campanulate \ in. long, densely pubescent outside 
 slightly so inside, 5 6-fid, lobes ovate or lanceolate, acute; corolla deeply 5 6-lobed, ^ |in. 
 long, lobes rounded, spreading widely in full flower, much imbricated sinistrorsely in bud, each 
 with a longitudinal stripe of dense ferruginous silky hairs outside ; stamens 36 45, appearing at 
 the mouth of the open corolla, anthers linear, pilose, filaments glabrous or nearly so, combined at 
 the base ; ovary wanting. 
 
 Var. a. Sprucei. "A. small tree, 15 feet high, not rarely pendulous at apex, with long 
 subpinnate branches, 5 or occasionally 3 or 4 together." Leaves ovate-oblong, nearly rounded 
 at base. S flowers white, scentless, about in. long. Stamens about 45. 2 flowers in sub- 
 sessile clusters. Fruit sub-spheroidal, f in. thick, f in. long, papillose-rugose, covered with 
 ferruginous setae, with remains of 4 styles at apex, yellow, rather fleshy, fruiting calyx not 
 accrescent, 7-fid, spreading, about \ in. across, bearing remains of calyx at base of fruit. 
 Tarapoto, E. Peru, in young woods, S fl. in January, 1856, fruit in October, 1855, Spruce! 
 n. 4411. 
 
 Var. /9. ocanensis. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at base. $ flowers greenish, 
 dashed with rose-colour, about in. long. Stamens 36. New Granada, Ocana, 3500ft. alt., 
 flowers in June, Schlim ! n. 698. Perhaps a distinct species. 
 
 140. DIOSPYROS WEDDELII, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis, apice obtuse acuminatis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, glabris, breviter 
 petiolatis, nervis inconspicuis ; cymis femineis puberulis, paucifloris ; fructibus globosis, verru- 
 cosis, breviter pubescentibus; seminum albumine non ruminato ; calyce fructifero parvo, 
 patente, 5-fido, utrinque puberulo, lobis ovato-deltoideis. 
 
 Branches terete, young shoots puberulous, quickly glabrescent; bark of older branches 
 pale. Leaves alternate, oblong, obtusely acuminate at apex, alternate at base, coriaceous, 
 
254 MR HIERN, ON 
 
 glabrous, undulated in the dry state, 1| 5 in. long by f 1| in. wide; petioles \ in. long, 
 veins inconspicuous. 
 
 9. Cymes axillary, puberulous, few-flowered, \ in. long. Fruit globular, verrucose, 
 shortly pubescent between the rough points, 1J in. in diameter, tipped with remains of 
 ferruginous-silky style. Albumen of seeds not ruminated. Fruiting calyx small, flat, 5-fid, 
 puberulous on both sides, \ in. in diameter, lobes ovate-deltoid. 
 
 Brazil, near Rio de Janeiro, Weddell ! 577. 
 
 141. DIOSPYROS GLOMERATA, Spruce in Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. V. p. 7 (1861). 
 
 D. foliis altemis, ovato-oblongis, apice acutis acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel subcordatis, 
 
 firiniter membranaceis, subtus pallidis appresse pubescentibus, breviter petiolatis ; floribus mas- 
 
 cidis aggregatis, axillaribus, sessilibus, sericeis, 5 6-meris, calyce campanulato, corolld profunde 
 
 lobatd, lobis patentibus, staminibus 26 33, sericeis ; fructibus immaturis subglobosis, sub-W- 
 
 locularibus. 
 
 A slender tree 20 30 feet high ; branches 5 together arranged in 3 subterminal whorls, 
 very long (12 feet), simple or rarely forked, leafy and flowering to the base ; terminal buds 
 narrowly conical, covered with dense short yellowish hair ; young shoots puberulous with short 
 brown curly-patent hairs, terete, glabrescent, dark, smooth. Leaves alternate, ovate-oblong, 
 firmly membranous, usually rounded or subcordate at base, acuminate and acute at apex, 
 6 12 in. long by 2 4J in. wide; dark green with few scattered weak pale hairs, glabrescent, 
 and with depressed midrib above ; pale and covered with appressed hairs and with raised and 
 darker veins beneath ; petioles \ in. long, patent, slightly bent upwards at point of attach- 
 ment of leaf. Flowers sub-polygamous, pentamerous or hexamerous. 
 
 <J. Flowers numerous in crowded axillary sessile clusters, pale, silky, "white," scentless, 
 about J in. long, pentamerous or occasionally hexamerous ; bracts rounded, imbricated, hairy. 
 Calyx campanulate, 5 6-fid, with acute deltoid or ovate lobes, glabrous or nearly so inside. 
 Corolla deeply 5 6-lobed ; lobes oblong- obovate, glabrous inside, incurved near apex, erect- 
 patent, distant upwards when in full flower, imbricated sinistrorsely in bud; stamens nearly 
 equal, 26 33, clustered and more or less united at base, inserted at base of corolla or on 
 receptacle; anthers linear, with long straight silky hairs on back and front; filaments short, 
 glabrous. Ovary or in subhermaphrodite flowers ovoid pubescent 10(?)-celled terminated at 
 apex by 5-lobed style. Young fruit subglobose, about 10-celled. 
 
 N. W. Brazil, near Panure by shady banks of Rio Uaupe's, Spruce! 2701, November; 
 Martius I ; French Guiana, Martin ! 
 
 142. DIOSPYEOS CAPRE^FOLIA, Mart. MSS. in Herb. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovali- vel ovato-oblongis, apice aciiminatis, basi angustatis, tenuiter cori- 
 aceis, subtus pallidis, subglabris, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis subsessilibus, 4 5-meris, 
 calyce campanulato, 4 5-fido, corolld subrotatd, staminibus cirdter 45, pilosis, corollce basi 
 insertis; floribus femineis solitariis, sessilibus, 5-meris, ovario dense hirsuto, stylis 4 (?) 
 
 A tree 40 feet high ; terminal buds small, rufous-hairy, lateral, often hard ; young shoots 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 255 
 
 with scattered rufous hairs, glabrescent ; branches spreading at 40 70", terete, with a rather 
 pale cuticle. Leaves oval or ovate-oblong, somewhat narrowed at base, acuminate at apex, thinly 
 coriaceous, dark green shining and glabrous except depressed midrib and with depressed veins 
 above, pale, subglabrous except the veins beneath, alternate, 2 3 in. long by ^5 1 T 3 5 in. wide ; 
 petioles ^5 J in. long. 
 
 <J. Flowers few together, in subsessile clusters, tetramerous or pentamerous; calyx 
 ^ in. long, with scattered appressed hairs, campanulate, felted within, 4 5-fid, lobes deltoid 
 acute ^ in. long ; corolla -fa in. long, glabrous except longitudinal stripes of brown hairs outside, 
 subrotate, lobes oval, spreading, in. long ; stamens 45 (in one pentamerous flower), inserted at 
 base of corolla, anthers linear, with a few pilose erect hairs; filaments glabrous, combined at 
 base ; ovary rudimentary. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, sessile, pentamerous, bracteate at base. Calyx 5-fid, with deltoid 
 lobes, hairy on both sides ; corolla spreading, 1| in. across or more, glabrous outside ; ovary 
 densely hairy, subrufous. Styles 4 (?), glabrous, erect, exceeding the ovary. 
 
 Brazil, Cape Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Sello 1011 /; Maranhao, Don!; Guinea, Surinam, 
 Martins! 1678. 
 
 143. DIOSPYROS MANNII, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovali-oblongis, apice acuminatis, ba#i angustatis, firmiter membranaceis, 
 subtus pallidis, subglabris nervis exceptis, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis dense cymosis, 
 axillaribus et secus ramos vetustos lateralibus, 5 6-meris, calyce profunde lobato, corolla sub- 
 rotatd, staminibus 15 17, subcequalibus, hispido-pilosis. 
 
 A tree, with young shoots rufous-hispid or afterwards fuscous-hispid ; older branches dark, 
 glabrate, spreading at about 50. Leaves oval-oblong, narrowed at base, acuminate at apex, 
 alternate, firmly membranous, glabrous and with depressed veins above, glabrous (except a few 
 isolated erect hairs) and paler on the lamina and with rufous hispid hairs on the raised midrib 
 and lateral veins beneath, flat, 5 7 in. long by 1J 2^ in. wide; petioles fuscous, hispid, 
 | $>in. long. 
 
 <J . Inflorescence often on older branches, in several- or many-flowered dense short rufous- 
 hispid cymes in the axils of present or fallen leaves ; pedicels short ; flowers f in. long, pen- 
 tamerous or hexamerous. Calyx ferruginous-hairy on both sides, ^ in. long, deeply 5 6-fid, 
 with lanceolate somewhat spreading lobes. Corolla subrotate in full flower, ovoid-conical in 
 bud, \ in. high, 5 6-partite, glabrous except patches of short pale hairs along exterior of 
 lanceolate-oblong spreading lobes. Stamens 15 17, nearly equal, about \ in. long, appearing 
 at open mouth of corolla, hispid-pilose, with pale ferruginous hairs, on short filaments, not in 
 pairs. Ovary wanting, represented by a few hispid hairs. 
 
 West Equinoctial Africa, Gaboon River, $ fl. July, Mann ! 924. 
 t . ; . . ....-, ' _ . , 
 
 144. DIOSPYROS ARTANTH^EFOLIA, Mart. FL Bras. vn. (Eben.) p. 7 (1856). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis, apice cuspidato-acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel angustatis, 
 crassiuscule membranaceis, subtus fusco-hirtis, pallentibus, petiolatis ; floribus femineis axilla- 
 ribus, solitariis vel binis, calyce o-partito, hirtulo, baccis depresso-globosis, 8-locuktribus, dense 
 rufo-setosis ; calycis fructiferi lobis obtusis deltoideis. 
 
256 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 Sinuous branches petioles and underside of leaves especially on the midrib and rather 
 prominent veins villous with brown hairs. Leaves rather thickly membranous, oblong or ovate- 
 oblong, 4 7 in. long by 2 4 in. wide, cuspidate-acuminate, rounded or contracted at the base, 
 dark green, rather paler beneath, with 8 13 lateral veins on each side, alternate ; petioles 
 ^ in. long ; veins depressed above. 
 
 2 . Flowers axillary, solitary or 2 together, subsessile in fruit ; calyx 5-partite, somewhat 
 hairy ; fruiting calyx divided beyond the middle ; lobes triangular, rather obtuse, tawny- 
 setulose especially in middle. Berry densely rufous-setose, 8-celled, depresso-globose, setae 
 shining. 
 
 S. America, N. Peru, Maynas, in woods, Poppig ! 2266. 
 
 145. DIOSPYROS PCEPPIGIANA, Alph. DC. Prodr. vni. p. 224. n. 9 (1844). 
 
 D. foliis altemis, ovali-lanceolatis, apice obtuse acuminatis, basi cuneatis, tenuiter cori- 
 aceis, subtus appresse-pubescentibus, breviter petiolatis ; floribus masculis breviter cymosis, fulvo- 
 pubescentibus, calyce aperte campanulato, breviter 4 o-fido, corolld tubulosd, apice obtuse lobatd, 
 staminibus 12 20, subcequalibus, filamentis brevibus glabris, antheris hispidis; fructibus glo- 
 bosis, appresse papilloso-pubescentibus, calyce fructifero non aucto patente. 
 
 Miq. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vil. (Eben.) p. 4. n. 4 (1856). 
 
 A small bushy tree, rarely erect, 15 25 feet high ; alternate branches and underside of 
 leaves with scattered appressed hairs. Leaves oval- or oblong-lanceolate, obtusely acuminate or 
 narrowed at apex, cuneate or abruptly narrowed at base, alternate, thinly coriaceous with 
 very slightly reflexed margins, glabrescent above except the depression of midrib, 2 4 in. long 
 by | If in. wide ; petioles -J in. long ; lateral veins inconspicuous. 
 
 3 . Inflorescence tawny-pubescent, cymose, bearing few or several flowers, in short cymes 
 which measure about in. long exclusive of the flowers; pedicels short, reflexed; flowers $ in. 
 long, tetramerous or pentamerous ; bracts ovate, acute, caducous ; calyx ^ in. high, openly and 
 shortly campanulate, shortly 4 5-fid with acute lobes, dark, with pale pubescence outside, 
 glabrous inside ; corolla ^ in. long, tubular, bright tawny-hairy outside, glabrous inside, 
 shortly 4 .5-lobed at apex, lobes obtuse; stamens 12 15 or 18 20, nearly equal; anthers 
 hispid, linear, hypogynous ; filaments short, glabrous, combined at base more or less in pairs ; 
 ovary small, rudimentary, with short inconspicuous hairs. Fruit globular, nearly 1 in. in 
 diameter, shining but with scattered appressed short brown hairs especially at apex arising 
 from papillose bases, 6 8-celled. Fruiting calyx in. in diameter, spreading but appressed to 
 base of fruit, 4 5-lobed, not accrescent. 
 
 Brazil, Amazon, Poppig! 2639; Povoac.a6 dos Juris, Martius! n. 3053; Kio Negro, fre- 
 quent on margin of Gapd from Barcellos upwards, Nov., Spruce! 1938; St HilaireJ; Kio 
 Uaupes, Gap6, October, Spruce/ 2635. 
 
 146. DIOSPYROS EMARGINATA, sp. nov. Plate IX. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovatis, apice retusis vel emarginatis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, costd 
 exceptd glabrescentibus, inconspicue reticulatis, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis axillaribua, 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 257 
 
 conferto-cymosis, fulvo-hirsutis, calyce 4 5-fido, corolld tubulosd, apice 4 5-lobd, stamini- 
 bus 25 32, subcequalibus, filamentis brevibus, antheris hispidis; fructibus globosis, subglabris, 
 calyce fructifero vix aucto. 
 
 A tall straight tree, 90 feet high, with a trunk 2 feet thick ; shoots with a few inconspi- 
 cuous appressed hairs. Leaves obovate, alternate, retuse or emarginate at apex, cuneate at 
 base, coriaceous, quite glabrescent except the midrib beneath and its depression above, with 
 highly reticulated but inconspicuous veins; 1 3 in, long by ^ If in. wide ; petioles about 
 in. long. 
 
 $. Inflorescence axillary, tawny-hairy; cymes \ | in. long, bearing several flowers on 
 short pedicels; flowers f in. long, tetramerous or pentamerous, drooping, tawny; calyx $ in. 
 high, shortly and openly campanulate, 4 5-fid with sub-acute lobes, dark, with short scattered 
 appressed hairs outside, glabrous inside; corolla tubular, with tawny-silky hairs outside, 
 glabrous inside, 4 5-lobed at apex; stamens 25 32, nearly equal; anthers hispid, linear, 
 filaments glabrous towards base, more or less combined at base in pairs or otherwise; ovary 
 rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 9 . Fruit globular, about 1 in. in diameter, subglabrous but with a few scattered appressed 
 short hairs. Fruiting calyx about in. in diameter, flat and appressed to base of fruit. 
 
 Brazil, Rio Negro, Gap<5 below Barcellos, November. Always within (and not on) the skirts 
 of inundated forests, nearly related to D. Poppigiana, Alph. DC. but less common, Spruce/ 1913. 
 
 Plate IX. A branch in male flower, natural size. a. a piece of a branch with male 
 flower abnormally thickened by an insect, not magnified, b. interior of male flower cut open, 
 magnified 3 diameters, c. a stamen, magnified 10 diameters, d. a fruit, natural size. 
 
 147. DIOSPYROS RIGIDA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis, basi rotundis, rigide coriaceis, supra glabris, subtus pallide 
 subvelutinis, costd robustd, nereis inconspicuis, petiolatis ; fructibus cymosis, depresso-globosis 
 glanduloso-pulverulentis, ceterum glabris; calyce fructifero cyathiformi, fructum cequante, coriaceo, 
 puberulo, profunde 4i-lobo, lobis late ovatis erectis. 
 
 Shoots shortly fuscous-hispid, terete ; leaves alternate, oblong or oval-oblong, rounded at 
 base, rigidly coriaceous, glabrous above, pale beneath and covered with thin velutinous tomen- 
 tum, 5 14 in. long by 1 3f wide, midrib stout, slightly depressed on the upper side, net-veins 
 not conspicuous ; petioles stout, wrinkled, puberulous, \ f in. long. 
 
 $ . Fruit about 3 together on the young branches, depresso-globose, 1 in. long, covered with 
 reddish glandular pulverulence (as in D. Embryopteris), otherwise glabrous; peduncles f 1J in. 
 long, nigro-hispidulous, rigid ; fruiting calyx cup-shaped, as high as the fruit, 1 J in. in diameter, 
 coriaceous, puberulous, deeply 4-lobed; lobes widely ovate, erect. 
 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 2285. 
 
 148. DIOSPYROS EMBRYOPTERIS, Pers. Synops. n. p. 624. n. 6 (1807). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis vel anguste ovalibus, apice scepius acuminatis, basi obtusis, 
 coriaceis vel submembranaceis, glabris, petiolatis, reticulatis ; floribus masculis axittaribus, 
 racemose cymosis, 3 7-nis, 4- rarius 5-meris, pubescentibus, flavescentibus, calyce patente, 4 5-fido, 
 corolld campanulatd, lobis obtusis, staminibus 24 oo, pubescentibus, antheris linearibus, JUa- 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 33 
 
258 ME HIERN, ON EBENACEJ3. 
 
 mentis brevissimis ; flonbus femineis 1 5-nis, subsessilibus vel cymosis, 4>-meris, staminodiis 
 1 12, pubescentibus, ovario farinaceo-glanduloso, scepius 8-loculari, stylis 4; fructibus globosis 
 ml ellipsoideis. 
 
 Excl. syn. Lam., Bot. Reg. t. 499 (1820), Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 235. n. 65 (1844), 
 Griff. Notulae iv. p. 289 (1854), Thw. En. Ceyl. PL p. 178. n. 1 (1860), Bedd. Fl. Sylv. Madras 
 t. 69 (1870), non Boj. 
 
 Embryopteris peregrina, Gaertn. Fruct. I. p. 145. t. 29. f. 2 (1788). 
 
 Garcinia malabarica, Desrouss. in Encycl. Me'th. in. p. 701 (1789). 
 
 Embryopteris glutinifera, Roxb. Coromand. I. p. 49. t. 70 (1795) ; E. globularia, ex Miq. 
 Fl. Ind. Bat. n. p. 1048. n. 16 (1856). 
 
 Diospyros glutinosa, Roxb. Hort. Bengal, p. 40 (1814) ; Konig ex Roxb. Fl. Ind., edit. 
 1832, ii. p. 533. 
 
 Diospyros glutinifera, "Wall. List n. 4123 B (182832). 
 
 Diospyros malabarica, Kosteletsky, Mecl. Pharmac. Flora (ill.) p. 1099 (1834). 
 
 Embryopteris gelatinifera, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. IV. p. 41 (1837). 
 
 Diospyros citrifolia, Wall. ex. Alph. DC. I. c. 
 
 Embryopteris glutenifera, Wight, Ic. PI. Ind. Or. Vol. in. pt. 2, p. 4, tt. 843, 844 (1843 47). 
 
 Diospyros melanoxylon, Hassk. Cat. PI. Hort. Bot. Bogor. II. p. 159 (1844), Ettingsh. Blatt- 
 Skel. Dikot. t. 41. f. 9 (1861), non Roxb. 
 
 A middle-sized or large evergreen tree, glabrous and shining except the buds inflorescence 
 and fruit ; there is however occasionally a slight puberulence upon the petioles, &c. Branches 
 straight, spreading. Bark scaly. Leaves oblong or narrowly oval, alternate, usually rounded 
 at base, sometimes subcordate or slightly narrowed, acute lanceolate acuminate or obtuse 
 at apex, highly reticulated with veins in relief on both sides with the exception of the midrib 
 which is depressed on the upper side, coriaceous, of a pale green colour, persistent, 3 12 in. 
 long by | 3| in. wide ; petioles 5 | in. long, usually channelled above. Flowers yellowish- 
 white, dioecious or polygamous. 
 
 <J. Cymes about 3 7-flowered, tawny- or fuliginous-pubescent or puberulous, \ f in. long 
 (excluding the flowers) ; flowers ovoid, in. long in bud, f in. long when open, tetramerous or 
 occasionally pentamerous; calyx \ in. long by f in. wide, 4-fid, pubescent, lobes pubescent 
 inside ; corolla in. long, with pubescent patches of hair outside, glabrous inside, shortly 
 cylindrical, lobes about -^ in. long, spreading, imbricated sinistrorsely in bud ; stamens 
 indefinite, 24 64 or more, nearly equal, inserted on the receptacle or at base of corolla, 
 anthers linear, more or less hairy on back and front, filaments very short, hairy; ovary or 
 rudimentary; receptacle hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers 1 5 together, subsessile or cymose, tetramerous, larger than in the male plant, 
 cymes ranging up to in. long, glabrescent or pubescent ; bracts caducous ; calyx deeply lobed, 
 pubescent or glabrescent, lobes dilatate-subcordate at base, erect-patent, ovate, | | in. long ; 
 corolla about in. long, with short nearly erect lobes; staminodes 1 12, hairy (sometimes per- 
 haps perfect stamens), inserted at base of corolla or partly hypogynous; ovary glabrous (normally), 
 reddish-glandular, or with a basal ring of hairs (rarely hairy?), 8 ( 10) -celled ; styles 4, hairy 
 at base, dilated and lobed at apex, spreading ; fruit usually solitary, subsessile or pedunculate, 
 globular or ovoid, often large (1J 2 in. long), glandular or glabrate, 6 8 10-celled and 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 259 
 
 -seeded, of a yellowish rusty colour, covered with a rubiginous mealiness ; fruiting calyx deeply 
 4-lobed, puberulous or glabrate, as wide as or wider than the fruit, spreading more or less or 
 erect, with lobes dilatate-subcordate at base, imbricated sinistrorsely. 
 
 An officinal preparation (Extractum Diospyri of the Pharmacopoeia of India) is a valuable 
 astringent obtained from the fruit of this species, and is useful in diarrhoea chronic dysentery 
 and leucorrhoea and as a local application to bruises and sprains. 
 
 Of this variable species the following varieties may be noticed : 
 
 /3. atrata, Tbw. Z. c. Leaves thinly coriaceous; buds, peduncles and calyx fuliginous- 
 pilose. 
 
 7. nervosa, Thw. I. c. Veins on both sides of the coriaceous leaves very prominent ; leaves 
 rounded at the base. Buds, peduncles and calyx nigro-pilose. Fruiting calyx-lobes erect. 
 
 Local names. Panitsjika-maram, Keede, Hort, Malabar, pt. in. p. 45. t. 41 (1782). 
 Malabarensibus ; Tembiri, Brachmanis ; Fruita da, Grude, Lusitanis ; Lym-appel, Belgis. Tumika 
 of the Telingas, ex Roxb. Corom. 1. c. Mangostan-utan of the Malays. Tindooka, the Sanscrit 
 name, ex Roxb. Fl. Ind. Gaub in Bengal. Kibaragma or Kledong in Java. Timberee-gass 
 in Ceylon. Kusi in Banda, India. Gusvakendhu in Goomsur forests, Madras. 
 
 The fruit when unripe contains a large quantity of tannin, and when ripe is eaten but 
 is not very palatable. The astringent viscid mucus of the fruit is used in Bengal for paying the 
 bottom of boats, and an infusion is employed to steep fishing-nets in to make them more 
 durable. It is also used for book-binding since it preserves the books from insects. Masts and 
 yards of country vessels are made from this tree in Ceylon. 
 
 India, Silhet, Wattich! 4123; Quilon, Hurdwar, Amherst, Tavoy, Wallich; N. W. India, 
 Hb. Eoyle, M. P. Edgeworth /; Bengal, Behar, Hooker fil. and T. Thomson ! (Cult. ?) ; Assam 
 plains!; Upper Assam, Jenkins! 277; Ceylon, Thwaites! C. P. 1915, Walker!, Hb, Wight/ 
 1711 bis, Gardner ! 531 (/3 or 7) ; Canara, Mangalor, Hohenacker ! 869 ; Siam, Sir B. Schom- 
 burgk! 115; Java, Dr Ears field ! Eben. 2, 7, 8'; Zollinger! 3565; E. Doon, Dr Brandis! 
 
 Var. /3. Ceylon, Thwaites! C. P. 2731; Mergui, Griffith! 3626, 3627; Tenasserim, 
 Packmann ! 
 
 Var. 7. Ceylon, Thwaites! C. P. 1910. 
 
 149. DIOSPTROS CORIACEA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. tola coriacea, glabrata; foliis alternis, oblongo-lanceolatis vel avalibus, apice acumi- 
 natis, basi fere rotundatis vel breviter angustatis, petiolatis ; floribus femineis solitariis vel 
 raro binis breviter pedunculatis axillaribus, calyce lato, plicato, 4 3-fido, lobis obtusis, corolld 
 breviter semi-ellipsoided 4 3-fidd, lobis rotundatis valde contortis, staminodiis 5 gldbris, ovario 
 minute granuloso-glanduloso, subgloboso, 8-loculari, stylo apice lobato, fructibus subglobosis 
 Icevibus, calyce fructifero ampliato longitudine fructus. 
 
 Shoots dark-cinereous, glabrate, terete ; leaves alternate, oblong-lanceolate or oval, acumi- 
 nate at apex, nearly rounded or somewhat narrowed at base, coriaceous, glabrate, moderately 
 reticulated, 2 4 in. long by J IJin. wide; petioles \ ^in long. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary or rarely 2 together, in upper axils, glabrous, coriaceous ; peduncles 
 ^ in. long ; calyx wide, plicate, \ in. wide, \ in. high, 4 3-fid, lobes obtuse ; corolla 
 shortly ovoid, as high as the calyx, \ in. wide, 4 3-fid, lobes rounded, much contorted ; 
 
 332 
 
260 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^i. 
 
 staminodes 5 (in one case), glabrous ; ovary subglobose, glabrous, covered with minute gland- 
 ular pulverulence, 8-celled, cells 1-ovuled; style lobed at apex, glabrous; fruit subglobose, 
 | in. high, glabrous, smooth ; fruiting calyx j in. in diameter, widely plicate, about as high 
 as the fruit. 
 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 1422, 3455. 
 
 150. DlOSPYROS CRASSIFLORA, sp. nOV. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, dblongis, apice anguste acuminatis, basi angustatis, glabris, unicoloribus, 
 tenuiter coriaceis, patentibus, petiolatis, nervis inconspicuis ; fioribus masculis crassis, 1 3-ra's, 
 brevissime cymosis, aarillaribus, calyce depresso-hemisphcerico, 4 5-fido, utrinque puberulo, lobis 
 rotundatis, corolld ettipsoided, carnosd, apice 4 6-lobd, staminibus oo oo , subcequalibus, pluri- 
 serialibus, dorso pubescentibus, hypogynis, ovario minuto, hirsute. 
 
 A tall tree, nearly glabrous except the inflorescence ; branches dark, terete. Leaves 
 alternate, spreading, oblong, narrowly acuminate at apex, narrowed more or less at base, 
 of same green colour on both sides, very thinly coriaceous^ shining above with depressed 
 midrib and inconspicuous veins, with clear lateral and delicate tertiary veins beneath, 
 7 Sin. long by 2 2f in. wide; petioles J Jin. long. 
 
 <J . Flowers in. long, 1 3 together, on very short, shortly pubescent axillary 
 peduncles or cymes. Calyx depresso-hemispherical, toughly coriaceous, in. in diameter, 
 shortly puberulous on both sides, 4 5-fid ; lobes rounded. Corolla " fleshy, of a light pink 
 colour and of the size and form of a pigeon's egg," shortly tomentose outside, nearly 
 glabrous inside, 4 6-toothed at apex; teeth contorted sinistrorsely as regarded from within, 
 -j^ Jin. deep, obtuse. Stamens very numerous, about fin. long, inserted on the receptacle, 
 subequal, in several rows ; anthers linear, acute, 2-celled, somewhat hairy on the back ; 
 filaments very short. Ovary minute, hairy. 
 
 Female flower and fruit unknown. 
 
 West Tropical Africa, Old Calabar, Sea. W. C. Thomson!, 12 March, 1863. 
 
 151. DlOSPTROS DISCOLOR, Willd. Sp. PI. IV. p. 1108 (1805). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi rotundatis, coriaceis, supra nitidis glabris, 
 subtus pallidis appresse pilosis vel glabrescentibus, petiolatis, nervis inconspicuis; floribus 
 masculis in cymis brevibus trifloris secus ramulos juniores terminaliter confertis, scepius 
 tetrameris, sericeis, calycis lobis ovalibus, rotundatis, corolld infundibuliformi profunde 4/-fidd, 
 staminibus 24 28, subcequalibus, glabris, geminatis; floribus femineis solitariis, axillaribus, 
 sessilibus, staminodiis 4, 5, 10, glabris, corollas basi insertis, ovario dense piloso, 8-loculari; 
 fructibus subglobosis, carnosis, pilosis, 4 G-spermis, albumine non ruminato, calyce fructifero 
 fructus basi appresso. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 235. n. 66 (1844). 
 
 Cavanittea philippensis, Desrouss. in Lam. Encycl. III. p. 663 (1789). 
 
 C. Mabolo, Lam. EncycL tab. 454 (1823), 
 
 D. Mabola, Eoxb. Hort. Beng, p. 40 (1814), Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1139 (1828)* 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 261 
 
 D. Enibryopteris, Boj. Hort. Maurit. p. 200 (1837), non Pers. 
 Embryoptems discolor, G. Don. Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. IV. p. 41 (1837). 
 Dwspyros Kaki, Blanco, Fl. Filip. edit. i. p. 302 (1837), non Linn. f. 
 D. Blancoi, Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 237. n. 74 (1844). 
 D. embriopteris, Blanco, Fl. Filip. edit. ii. p. 209 (1845). 
 D, melanida, Sieber !, Fl. Maurit. Suppl. n. 29 ; non Poir. 
 
 A tree of moderate size, 40 feet or more 1 high; the trunk furnishes a hard compact 
 ebony of an exceedingly deep black colour. Young shoots and inflorescence fulvo-sericeous. 
 Leaves oblong, alternate, coriaceous, rounded at base, acuminate at apex, brown glabrous 
 and shining above, pale and appressedly pilose beneath, -with shining silvery hairs that 
 penetrate the skin and cause it to itch, ultimately glabrescent, 5 812 in ; long (including 
 petiole \ | in. long) by 2 3 4 in. wide, rigid ; lateral veins delicate, inconspicuous ; 
 midrib depressed above, stout beneath, wrinkled when dry as Well as the petioles and young 
 shoots. Sometimes small glands are found on the under side of the leaves. 
 
 <J . Flowers about ^ in. long, subsessile on short contiguous 3-flowered Cymes, which 
 are arranged in terminal or axillary racemes, sweet-scented, tetramerous or occasionally 
 pentamerous. Bracteoles shortly deltoid, acute. Calyx turbinate-campauulate, coriaceous, 
 wider than the corolla-tube, f longj deeply lobed, lobes oval, rounded or mucronate ; silky out- 
 side, glabrous inside. Corolla silky outside, glabrous inside, coriaceous, funnel-shaped ; lobes 
 rather longer than the tube, spreading, oval. Stamens glabrous, 24 28, in pairs, nearly 
 equal, hypogynous or inserted at the base of the corolla-tube, erect, more or less united 
 at their base; filaments shorter than the linear laterally dehiscing anthers; ovary hairy, 
 rudimentary. 
 
 <j>. Flowers solitary, axillary, bracteate at base, about f in. long, subterminal-spicate, 
 tetramerous or pentamerous, sessile. Calyx open, about in. high ; lobes nearly in. long 
 and wide, |-oval, coriaceous, cordate at base, appressedly silky outside, glabrous and 
 shining inside, imbricated in various ways. Corolla |in. long, shortly tubular, contracted 
 about middle, silky outside except near base, glabrous inside ; tube $ m - long, truncate-' 
 ovate, lobes about as long as the tube, spreading, J-oval, obtuse, margins incurved, im- 
 bricated sinistrorsely. Staminodes usually 4, occasionally 5 or even 10, much shorter than 
 the corolla ; filaments about as long as the barren (?) anthers ; all glabrous, alternate with 
 corolla-lobes ; ovary very densely pilose, large, 8- or more-celled, fleshy, 8 !-celled in specimen 
 of Dr Maingay, depresso-conical, cells 1-ovuled; styles 4, distinct, hairy outside or glabrous, 
 arched, converging at apex. Fruit thick, fleshy, globose or subglobose, densely hairy, reddish, 
 like a quince, 4 6-seeded, with flesh rose-coloured, 3 4 in. in diameter, pulp white; hairs 
 ferruginous ; albumen cartilaginous, not ruminated ; fruiting calyx flattish, appressed, rather 
 more than 1 in. in diameter. 
 
 The wood is very hard, of a dark flesh colour, which in time becomes black like ebony. 
 The fruit has an agreeable smell like a quince (but sometimes not so), and is edible after 
 removing the hairs and skin. Local names Mabolo in Tagalog, Amaga in Bisaya, Talang 
 in PampangOj according to Blanco, I. c. 
 
 Philippine Islands, Manila, Gaudichaud ! ; Blanco. Cultivated in Mauritius (Hb. Kunth I) 
 and in the Calcutta and Paris Gardens; also introduced at Malie" I. Seychelles, Home/ 345; 
 
262 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Guadalope, Perottet! cultivated (?); Malaya, Pulo Ticus, "Stem thin," Dr Maingay! 970/2; 
 Borneo, 0. Beccari! n. 1892, Wallichf 4131. 
 
 A form with leaves pale and having numerous inconspicuous veins on hoth sides, pro- 
 bably introduced, is found at Eio de Janeiro, Brazil, Glaziou! 1560, 1561. 
 
 152. DIOSPYEOS ARGENTEA (D. argenteus), Griff. Not. rv. p. 288 (1854). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis, apice acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel cordatis, coriaceis, supra 
 glabris, subtus dense argenteo-pilosis, breviter petiolatis; floribus masculis breviter cymosis, 
 scepius tetrameris, sericeis ; calyce 4-fido, campamdato-cylindrico, lobis ovalibus; corolld bre- 
 viter tubulosd, lobis ovalibus; staminibus 22 24, subwqualibus, hirstttis, geminatis, ovarii 
 rudimento pubescente ; floribus femineis solitariis, breviter pedunculatis, staminodiis 4 5, ovario 
 dense hirsute 4i-loculari, locidis imperfecte dinisis; fructibus ellipsoideis, strigoso-pilosis, 
 8-locidaribiis, seminibus 6 8, albumine non ruminato; calyce fructifero 4t-partito, aucto ; 
 lobis oblongis. 
 
 Buds lanceolate-acuminate, with silvery silky hairs ; branchlets somewhat compressed, 
 covered as well as inflorescence and petioles with very brilliant silvery and silky hairs which 
 at length become ferruginous-silvery. Leaves alternate, oblong, coriaceous, cordate or rounded 
 at base, sharply acuminate at apex, glabrous above, densely velutinous-pilose beneath with 
 silky shining silvery hairs, which afterwards become ferruginous-silvery and at length mostly 
 fall off, leaving an appressed pubescence and the under surface of the leaf pale, 7 11 in. 
 long by 2 3| in. wide ; petioles ^ ^ in. long ; margins reflexed ; midrib stout, depressed 
 above ; lateral veins inconspicuous. 
 
 $ . Cymes axillary, spreading, near ends of branchlets, \ | in. long (exclusive of the 
 flowers), bearing 3 oo flowers ; common peduncle \ f in. long ; ultimate pedicels short ; 
 bracts ovate, glabrous inside. Flowers (closed) nearly | in. long, silky outside, usually tetra- 
 merous. Calyx ^in. long, campanulate-cylindrical, silky on both sides, 4- (in one case 3-) 
 fid, lobes oval. Corolla -| in. long, shortly tubular, 4-lobed, silky on both sides especially 
 outside, lobes ^ in. deep, oval. Stamens 22 24, in pairs, nearly equal, very hairy, filaments 
 much shorter than the anthers ; ovary rudimentary, hairy. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary, in axil? of upper leaves ; peduncles \ in. long. Calyx about 
 \ in. long, 4-fid, densely furred on both sides, campanulate; calyx-lobes ovate, apiculate. 
 Corolla - T 7 ff in. long, 4-fid, tomentose ; lobes oval, apiculate, imbricated, hairy inside. Stami- 
 nodes 4 5, alternate with corolla-lobes, hairy above ; ovary globose, densely hairy, 4-celled ; 
 cells imperfectly divided ; ovules 8 ; styles 4, hairy, erect, \ in. Fruit with 1 oval bract at the 
 base | in. long, ^ in. wide, glabrous inside, egg-shaped, 2| 3 in. long by \\ 2 in. thick, 
 very strigosely pilose, greenish-white or yellowish, shortly cuspidate at the apex, 8-celled. 
 Fruiting calyx 4-partite, sometimes 3 in. wide ; lobes very large, oblong, concave, obtuse, 
 with metallic lustre, very silvery-silky outside, veined inside, 1| 2 in. long by | in. wide ; 
 seeds 6 8, subcylindrical, slightly attenuated at both ends ; ranging up to 2 in. long by 
 | in. wide, imbedded in pulp ; albumen cartilaginous or horny, white ; embryo ^ f in. long ; 
 radicle thick, clavate, about equalling or shorter than the cotyledons. 
 
 Malacca, Griffith! 3625; Maingay! n. 968. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^L 263 
 
 153. DIOSPYEOS TOPOSIA, Hamilt. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Vol. XV. p. 115 (1827). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, oblongis ovatis vel lanceolatis, apice acuminatis, basi obtusis, coriaceis, 
 glaberrirnis, crebre reticulatis, petiolatis ; floribus masculis axillaribus, cymosis, calyce initio clauso 
 lobis connatis demum irregulariter apice rupto, corolld iirceolatd, apice 4 5-lobd, staminibus <x> , 
 glabris; floribus femineis solitariis, staminodiis 12 16, ovario 4- (rarius 6-) loculari, fructibus 
 subglobosis vel ellipsoideis, glandvloso-pubescentibus vel glabrescentibus, seminibus 1 4 ; calyce 
 fructifero 3 4-lobo, pubescente. 
 
 Ettingsh. Blat-Skel. Dikot. t. 42. f. 7 (1861); Bedd. Ic. PI. Ind. Or. (Part. VII.) p. 25. 
 t. 122 (1871) ; Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 237. n. 73 (1844). 
 
 D. racemosa, Roxb. Hort. Beng. p. 40 (1814) ; Fl. Ind., edit. 1832, vol. n. p. 536 ; 
 Wight, Ic. t. 416. 
 
 D. lanceolata, Wall. List n. 4122 (182832), non Poir. 
 
 D. incisa, Hamilt. ex. Wall. I.e. 
 
 Embryopteris racemosa, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. and Bot. IV. p. 41 (1837). 
 
 Called Toposi in Bengal, where it is cultivated on account of the fragrancy of the 
 flowers ; Kahakaala-gass in Ceylon, see Thw. 'Enum. Ceyl. PL p. 179. n. 4 (1860) ; Goolul 
 in Silhet and Tipperah, see Eoxb. Hort. Beng. p. 40 (1814). 
 
 A large or middle-sized tree with glabrous terete branches. Leaves alternate, oblong ovate 
 or oval, acuminate at apex, obtusely narrowed or rounded at base, coriaceous, closely and 
 clearly net-veined, with midrib depressed on upper surface, shining 'above, quite glabrous, 
 3 8 in. long by 1 3f in. wide ; petioles J in. long. Foliage like D. paniculata, Dalz. 
 
 $ . Cymes axillary \ 1 in. long, slightly hairy or glabrescent, usually 3-flowered, in 
 cultivated specimens 3 12-flowered; flowers Jim long, yellow, pedicels shorter than the 
 calyx ; bracts caducous, at the top of peduncle : calyx at first closed in bud with con- 
 nate lobes, afterwards irregularly broken from apex in unequal acute lobes, scattered with 
 inconspicuous short setae, about in. high. Corolla urceolate, 4-lobed at apex, glabrous except 
 a few short hairs outside along the middle lines of the lobes ; Dr Hamilton states that 
 the corolla is 5-lobed. Stamens numerous, indefinite, in one case 33, glabrous, mostly 
 hypogynous ; filaments very short ; ovary rudimentary. 
 
 9 . Flowers solitary ; fruiting peduncle \ \ in. long, sometimes at base shortly adnate 
 to the branch so as to become supra-axillary ; bracts at top of peduncle, caducous. Calyx 
 as in <J. Corolla tubular-urceolate, 4-lobed at apex. Staminodes 12 16. Ovary 4- rarely 6- 
 celled. Style 0, stigma 4-lobed. Fruit oblong or subglobose, f 1 in. long, glandular and 
 covered with short weak close tawny hairs or glabrescent. Fruiting calyx hairy, with 
 3 4 oblong or rounded lobes, \ \ in. across, spreading; seeds 1 4, albumen cartilaginous, 
 not ruminated but with very faint radiating striae near the circumference. 
 
 East Bengal, Griffith ! 3622 ; Ceylon, not uncommon in damp forests up to an elevation 
 of 4000 feet, Thwaites! C.R 1911, 2514, Gardner! 533; Silhet, Roxburgh, Wallich! 
 4122; ? Khasia, Dr Hooker ! (part). 
 
 A specimen from Borneo-, collected by 0. Beccari ! n. 3052, with leaves 5 11 in. long 
 by 1| 4 in. wide, and subglobose 4-celled 4-seeded fruit with deeply trifid calyx nearly 
 1 in. in diameter, probably belongs to this species. 
 
264 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 THE FOLLOWING SPECIES OF DIOSPYROS ARE TOO IMPERFECTLY KNOW1J TO BE PLACED 
 IN THEIR POSITIONS IN THE SECTIONS. 
 
 154. DIOSPTROS GRATA, Wallioh, List n. 4142 (1828 32). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, dblongis, utrinque angustatis, obtusis, glabris, floribus femineis solitariis, 
 subsessilibus, ovario fulvo-hispido ; fructibus globosis, subglabratis, calyce fructifero 5-fido, pen- 
 tagono, utrinque pubescente. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. VIII. p. 232.. n. 48 (1844). 
 
 Branches nearly glabrous, pubescent at the extremities. Leaves alternate, glabrous, 
 oblong, narrowed at both ends, obtusely acuminate at apex, 3 6 in. long by 1 2 in. wide ; 
 midrib depressed above ; veins slender, crowded, not conspicuous ; petioles | ^ in. long, 
 glabrous. 
 
 9 . Fruit solitary, subsessile, globose, about 1 in, in diameter, glabrate or with remains 
 of ferruginous hairs ; fruiting calyx stellate, 5-fid a.nd 5-cornered, hairy on both sides, tawny, 
 | in. across; peduncles very short, hairy, . 
 
 Nepal, Wallich ! Cfr. D. lancecefolia, Roxb. 
 
 155. DIOSPYROS ORIXENSIS, Wight Hb. !, non Klein. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ettipticis, apice obtuse angustatis vel breviter acuminatis, basi obtusis, 
 glabrescentibus, tenuiter coriaceis, breviter petiolatis ; fructibus solitariis axillaribus subglo- 
 bosis, breviter pedunculatis ; calyce fructifero profunde 4>-fido, appresso vel leviter patente, extus 
 piloso, lobis obtusis. 
 
 Young shoots petioles and peduncles hirsute, afterward puberulous, ultimately glabrous, 
 terete; leaves alternate, thinly coriaceous, elliptical, obtuse at base, obtusely narrowed or 
 shortly acuminate at apex, glabrescent, brown on both sides, midrib slightly depressed above 
 and veins inconspicuously raised above, more manifest beneath, subnitescent, 1 3^ in. long by 
 1 in. wide ; petioles % in. long, strong. 
 
 9 . Fruit solitary, axillary, dark, subglobose, about $ in. in diameter, on peduncle about 
 equalling the petiole ; bracts caducous ; fruiting calyx deeply 4-fid, appressed to base of 
 fruit or somewhat spreading, in. across, subpilose outside ; lobes obtuse ; seeds 2 3, oblong, 
 . long. 
 Courtallum, Hb. Wight! 
 
 156. DIOSPYEOS DODECANDEA, Loureiro PI. Cochinch. p. 228. n. 5 (1790). 
 D. foliis alternis, late-lanceolatis ; floribus axillaribus; corollce tubo subgloboso, lobia 4, 
 brevibus ; staminibus 18, corollce basi insertis; baccis compressis, lentiformibus, 8-spermis. 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 238. n. 86 (1844). 
 Embryopteris Loureiriana, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Card, and Bot. IV. p. 41 (1837). 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 265 
 
 A large tree with sub-patent branches. Leaves widely lanceolate, quite entire, alter- 
 nate. Flowers hermaphrodite according to Loureiro, axillary, white ; corolla 4-lobed, tube 
 subglobose, large, lobes short ; stamens 18, inserted at the base of the corolla. Fruit pallid, 
 compressed, lentiform, 1-celled [?], 8-seeded, pulpy; pulp moderate, somewhat sweet, astrin- 
 gent, edible, not good-tasted ; seeds compresso-ovate, bony, large. 
 
 Spontaneous and cultivated in Cochinchina, Loureiro. Local name, Cay Thi tram. 
 Wood like that of D. decandra, Lour., but without the very black veins in the heart; 
 white and smooth and with dense fibres. Used in gardens to support black pepper plants. 
 
 157. DIOSPYBOS (?) PILOSA, Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 219 (1844). 
 
 D. caule arboreo, foliis alternis, ovato-lanceolatis, subtus tomentosis, breviter petiolatis ; 
 fioribus masculis racemosis, rubro-fuscis, calyce 5-lobo, lobis ovatis, corolla 5-lobd, tubo brevi, 
 laciniis ovato-oblongis, crassis, patentibus, calyce sublongioribus, filamentis 15 brevibus, antheris 
 oblongis. 
 
 Euclea pilosa, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. p. 629 (1790). 
 
 A large tree with ascending branches; dioecious. Wood fit for house-building. Leaves 
 alternate, ovate-lanceolate, quite entire, tomentose beneath ; petioles short. Flowers reddish- 
 brown, " in terminal racemes." 
 
 <J. Calyx 5-lobed, lobes ovate, pilose on both sides; corolla 5-lobed, tube short, lobes 
 ovate-oblong, crass, pilose, patent, rather longer than the calyx ; filaments 15, short, anthers 
 oblong, erect. 
 
 Cochinchina, Loureiro. Vernacular name Cdy Nhaoc. 
 
 158. DIOSPYROS HASSELTII, Zoll. Obs. Bot. Nov. p. 15. n. 3 in Natuurk. Tydschr. Neerl. 
 
 Ind. Vol. XIV. (1857). 
 
 D. foliis ovalibus, utrinque attenuatis, nitidis, glabris ; floribus axillaribus, racemosis, 
 racemis suberectis, calycis marginibus in axillis loborum deflexis, laciniis acutis, pedicellis 
 subciavatis pilosis, corolla (fern. 1) tubo 4<-gono, pilis nigris prcesertim ad angulos tecto, staminibus 
 8 [12], iisdem quce lobis corollce alternant simplicibus longioribus, aliis brevioribus bicruris, 
 stylis 4, bifidis ; baccd glabrd, S-loculari. 
 
 Java. Described by Zollinger from a drawing of Kuhl and van Hasselt No. 2 b in the 
 Buitenzorg botanical garden. 
 
 159. DIOSPYROS KUHLII, Zoll. Obs. Bot. Nov. p. 15. n. 1 in Natuurk. Tydschr. Neerl. Ind. 
 
 Vol. xiv. (1857). 
 
 D. foliis oblongis, utrinque acuminatis, integris ; floribus lateralibus axillaribus, pedicellis 
 calycem cequantibus, staminibus 8 [12] alternatim bicruris (antheris interioribus brevioribus) 
 aliis simplicibus, stylis 2 bifidis, baccd pilosd. 
 
 Java. Described by Zollinger from a drawing of Kuhl and van Hasselt No. 3 in the 
 Buitenzorg botanical garden. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 34 
 
266 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^L 
 
 160. DlOSPYEOS PENDULIFLOBA, Zoll. Obs. Bot. Nov. p. 15. n. 2 in Natuurk. Tydschr. Neerl. 
 
 Ind. Vol. xiv. (1857). 
 
 D. foliis dblongis, utrinque acutis, acuminatis; floribus masculis lateralibus pendulis, pe- 
 dunculo bifido, pedicellis flores cequantibus, calyce nigro-piloso 4i-lobo, corottd apertd, staminibus 
 8 [circiter 20 1], filamentis brevibus pilosis, alternatim 2- vel 3-cruris; floribus femineis solitariis 
 pendulis, corollas lobis erectis, staminibus 12 sterilibus, baccd pilosd 5 8-loculari. 
 
 Java. Described by Zollinger from a drawing of Kuhl and van Hasselt No. 2 a in the 
 Buitenzorg botanical garden. 
 
 161. DIOSPYROS (?) CYSTOPUS, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. I. pp. 250, 584 (1860). 
 
 D. ramulis teretibus prcesertim superne cum petiolis foliisque subtus maxime secus nervos 
 rufo-pubescentibus, glabrescentibus, foliis alternis, oblongis, apice caudato- acuminatis, basi ro- 
 tundatis, tenuiter subcoriaceis, supra glabris, subtus costulis patentibus utrinque 18 12 te- 
 nwibus venulosis pertensis, in sicco glauco-fuscescentibus. 
 
 Young parts rufous-hispid ; branches terete. Leaves alternate, oblong, caudate-acuminate 
 at apex, rounded at base, thinly sub-coriaceous, glabrous above, rufous-hispidulous beneath 
 especially on the raised midrib and lateral veins ; about 9 in. long by 2| 3 in. wide ; petioles 
 Jin. long, channelled; lateral veins about 15 on each side, inconspicuous above, slender 
 and more conspicuous beneath ; midrib much raised beneath, tapering towards the apex. 
 Flowers and fruit unknown, and therefore the plant is of uncertain position. 
 
 Sumatra ; Lampong, near Kebang, Teijsmann I Local name Dare"han-darehan. 
 
 162. DIOSPYEOS PYREHOCAEPA, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. I. pp. 250, 583 (1860). 
 
 D. ramulis novellis cum petiolis costdque subtus pubescentibus glabrescentibus ; foliis e 
 basi rotundatd usque acutiusculd elliptico-oblongis plerisque breviter obtuso-acuminatis, coriaceis, 
 glabris, supra secus costam canaliculatis, subtus pallidis costulis 9 7 tenuibus arcuato-patulis 
 a margine leviter incurvo distanter unitis, dense tenereque reticulatis; floribus secus ramulos 
 inferne lateralibus solitariis brevi-pedunculatis, cum calyce 4 5-partito (lobis acuminatis coriaceis) 
 utrinque rufo-tomentosis ; baccis cerasi majoris mole depresso-globosis, calyce adaucto reflexo 
 (lobis antice convexis) suffultis rufo-ochrascenti-tomentosis. 
 
 West Sumatra, in province Priaman, Diepenhorst ; Malay name Hampadoe-Kajoe. 
 
 163. DIOSPYROS PLATYPHYLLA, Welw. MSS. 
 
 D. arborea, laxe ramosa, apice foliosa, foliis alternis, ellipticis rotundis vel obovatis, apice 
 obtusis, basi rotundatis scepe incequalibus, valde coriaceis, supra glabrescentibus nitidis, subtus 
 tomentosis reticulatis, breviter petiolatis; fructibus edulibus. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 267 
 
 A moderate-sized tree, with lax tortuous dark-cinereous branches leafy and angular at the 
 apex. Leaves alternate, elliptical rotund or obovate, rounded or obtuse at apex, rounded 
 and often unequal at base, very coriaceous, glabrescent and shining above, more or less 
 tomentose beneath, reticulated but inconspicuously so above, 3 6 in. long by 1 \ 3J in. wide ; 
 petioles \ Jin. long. Flowers monstrous in the specimen, the inflorescence consisting entirely 
 of densely imbricated ferruginous-tomentose foliaceous scales. 
 
 W. Tropical Africa, Angola, Pungo Andongo, in sandy woods from Calunda to Condo, fruit 
 said to be edible, Dr Welwitsch ! no. 2531 ; native name Musolveira, the same as that of 
 Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst, of which it may very possibly prove to be an aberrant form. 
 
 164. DlOSPYEOS PLATYCALYX, sp. nOV. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovato-oblongis, apice rotundatis, basi cuneatis, coriaceis, utrinque pu- 
 berulis vel glabrescentibus, petiolatis ; fructibus solitaries, subglobosis, glaberrimis, apice umbili- 
 catis, nitidis, 10 (ty-locularibus, breviter pedunculatis ; calyce fructifero profunde 5 6-lobo, plicato, 
 aucto, lobis late ovatis, cordatis, auriculatis ; seminibus compressis, albumine non ruminato. 
 
 Tree of 20 feet ; young shoots with short patent whitish tomentum ; branches glabrescent, 
 terete, palish. Leaves obovate-oblong, alternate, coriaceous, undulated, rounded at apex, cuneate 
 at base, brown, shining, with slight veins, puberulous or glabrescent on both sides, of nearly 
 the same colour on both sides, 2 3 in. long by 1 in. wide ; petioles puberulous, \ in. 
 long ; midrib slightly depressed on upper surface. Fruit solitary, in axils of fallen leaves, on 
 shoots of previous season, ^ in. long (besides the calyx) by f in. thick, subglobose, quite glabrous, 
 umbilicate at apex, 10 (?)-celled, with cells 1-seeded, shining, paler than leaves and calyx. 
 Fruiting peduncle stout, with wide convex articulation, -^ f in. long, glabrate. Fruiting calyx 
 in. deep by 1 in. wide, concealing half the fruit, nearly glabrous, deeply 5 6-lobed ; lobes 
 widely ovate, acute, cordate, much auricled at base, firmly membranous, with sides of lobes 
 reflexed, folding with contiguous lobes and forming 5 dependent spurs the points of which 
 are \ in. below the level of the articulation of the fruit ; seeds compressed, ^ in. long or 
 more, albumen not ruminated. 
 
 Seychelles Islands, PervilU! 640. 
 
 165. DIOSPYEOS LEUCOCALYX, sp. nov. 
 
 D. fruticosa, glabra, foliis alternis, oblongis, apice obtuse acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel 
 subcordatis, costd et nervis lateralibus subtus validis, petiolis validis tumido-crassis ; calyce 
 fructifero 4>-partito, intus albido-pruinoso, lato, lobis late cordatis, acuminatis, foliaceis. 
 
 A small shrub, glabrous, dark green but shining. Leaves alternate, subcoriaceous, oblong, 
 obtusely acuminate at apex, rounded or subcordate at base, 1 foot long by 5 inches wide ; 
 midrib and lateral veins strong beneath ; petioles more than | in. long, strong, dark, tumid- 
 crass. Fruiting calyx 4-partite, white-pruinose within, 2 in. high by 3 in. or more wide, 
 erect-patent ; lobes widely cordate, ovate, acuminate at apex, foliaceous. 
 
 Madagascar, Ambanivoule, Qoudot! A. D. 1833. 
 
 342 
 
268 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 166. DIOSPYROS BERNIERI, sp. nov. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovali-lanceolatis, apice subacuminatis, basi angustatis, coriaceis, glabris, 
 breviter petiolatis, nervis inconspicuis ; fructibus solitariis, appresse hirsutis, breviter pedun- 
 culatis; calyce fructifero utrinque pubescente, 4:-fido, tubo concavo, tetragono, incrassato, lobis 
 reftexis, undulatis, late ovatis. 
 
 Glabrous except the inflorescence; branches pale, terete. Leaves alternate, dark above, 
 oval-lanceolate, somewhat narrowed at base, obtusely or sometimes acutely sub-acuminate at 
 apex, coriaceous, veins indistinct, reddish brown beneath ; midrib depressed above, blackish 
 beneath ; 2 3| in. long by f 1 in. wide ; petiole in. long, black in the dry state. 
 
 Fruiting peduncles very thick, \ in. long and as thick, pubescent, solitary ; fruiting calyx 
 \ in. high by nearly 2 in. across, pubescent on both sides, 4-fid ; tube concave, 4-sided, 
 thickened; lobes reflexed, wavy, widely ovate. Fruit ferruginous, shortly and appressedly 
 hairy. 
 
 Madagascar, common in the forests of Tintingue ; vernacular name Vbane Silac, Bernier ! 
 113. 
 
 Foliage of D. Icevis, Bojer. 
 
 167. DlOSPYROS PRIJINOSA, sp. nov. 
 
 D. bracteis exceptis glaberrima, foliis alternis, ovato-ovalibus, utrinque obtusis, vix coriaceis, 
 brevissime petiolatis, nervis inconspicuis; floribus masculis axillaribus, brevissime cymosis ; 
 fructibus solitariis, axillaribus, 8-locularibus, breviter pedunculatis, bracteatis, subglobosis, cum 
 calyce 4 5-fido plicato patente aucto violaceo-pruinosis. 
 
 Quite glabrous except the small shortly and slightly ciliated bracts ; branches pale brown, 
 terete. Leaves alternate, ovate-oval, more or less obtuse at both ends, submembranous or sub- 
 coriaceous, of a rich brown colour when dry, rather paler beneath, 1 2 in. long by | 1 in. 
 wide ; petioles -fa jV i n - ^ on S > ve i ns indistinct, spreading ; midrib flat above, darker beneath. 
 
 <J. Cymes axillary, 3 8-flowered, in. long, dark. 
 
 9 . Fruit solitary, axillary on the young branches, shortly globose, \ in. thick by in. 
 high, 8-eelled, several-seeded, as well as the calyx violaceo-pruinose ; peduncles dark | \ in. 
 long ; bracts several, ovate, about -fa in. long ; calyx plicate-patent, 1 in. in diameter, 4 5- 
 (usually 4-)fid, undulated; lobes widely ovate cordate, apiculate or mucronate at apex. 
 
 Madagascar, Ste Marie, Soivin! 2538; Port Leven, Vesco ! 1850. 
 
 168. DIOSPYROS CUNEIFOLU, Hb. Delessert. 
 
 D. foliis alternis, obovatis, apice rotundatis, basi cuneatis, breviter hispidis, subsessilibus, 
 confertis; fructibus solitariis, subglobosis, pilis brevibus hispidis aspersis, pedunculatis; calyce 
 fructifero pubescente, 5( Qf)-partito, lobis oblongis, patentibus. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 269 
 
 Shoots puberulous, glabrescent. Leaves alternate, obovate, subsessile, crowded, rounded 
 at apex, cuneate at base, shortly hispid, f 1 in. long by about \ in. wide. 
 
 9 . Fruiting peduncle axillary, solitary, ferruginous-hispid, | in. long ; fruiting calyx 
 5-(or 6- ?)partite, pubescent ; lobes oblong, spreading, f in. long by in. wide ; fruit 
 solitary, somewhat depressedly globose, dark, covered with scattered pale short hispid hairs, 
 about ^ in. long. 
 
 Mexico, Pavon in Hb. Delessert ! 
 
 169. DIOSPYROS APEIBACARPOS, Raddi, Quarante nuove del Brasile, in Atti Soc. 
 Modena, Vol. xvni. p. 12. n. 10 (1820). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, lanceolatis, acutis, supra glabris, subhis villoso-sericeis, brevissime 
 petiolatis; baccis depressis, papillis adspersis et setis crebris, subdecaspermis ; calyce 5-lobo. 
 
 Alph. DC. Prodr. vin. p. 239. n. 96 (1844), Mart. Fl. Bras. vil. p. 8 (1856) excl. syn. 
 
 A tree of about 30 feet high, with not very thick trunk, very slightly branched ; the 
 young branches rather setose at the extremity. Leaves alternate, lanceolate, elongated at 
 the apex, entire, smooth above, scattered with yellowish hairs beneath which are closer 
 along the midrib and round the margin. Calyx 5-lobed. Fruit depressed, scattered with 
 papillae and short setulas almost like the hairs with which the petioles of the leaves are 
 covered, size and shape of the Apeiba of Aublet, 1 2 in. thick, 8 10-seeded. 
 
 Brazil, Estrella Mountains, Raddi, fruits in April ; Minas, San Francisco River, in 
 woods, Martins ; near Borba by River Madeira, Riedel. 
 
 Martius in Fl. Bras. vil. (Eben.) p. 8 states that this plant is the same as D. sericea, 
 Alph. DC. ; but the fruit appears to be different. 
 
 170. DIOSPYROS (?) XYLOPIOIDES, Mart, in Fl. Bras. vn. p. 8. n. 4 (1856). 
 
 D. ramulis subdistichis fulvo- et apices versus albido-sericeis ; foliis subcoriaceis lanceolatis 
 acuminatis basi acutis (20 36'" long., 3 5"' lat.) supra glabris, subtus sericeis pilis ap- 
 pressis flexuosis albis, in nervo margine petioloque fukulis ; floribus axillaribus geminis 
 ternisve bracteisque fulvo-sericeis. 
 
 Arborea. Rami cortice tenui deductili, qualis in multis Diospyris obtinet. Ramuli 
 prsesertim in extremitatibus dense albo- aut fulvulo-sericei. Folia, tarn figura quam dispo- 
 sitione et compage ea Xylopiae frutescentis et nonnullarum affinium assimilantia, supra 
 saturate viridia nervo impresso, subtus pilis mollibus appressis in margine et nervo fre- 
 quentioribus, venis vix conspicuis. 
 
 Flower-bud sessile, narrowly campanulate, in. long; calyx trifid or tripartite, glabrous 
 inside, lobes ovate-lanceolate; corolla not exceeding the calyx, silky outside, puberulous 
 inside, tripartite or tripe talous, valvate ; stamens 3, erect, with hairy lines, filaments short ; 
 ovary rudimentary. 
 
270 ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 S. America. Guiana, in woods (Martins !). 
 
 Scarcely a true Diospyros and nearer to Maba, but probably neither, and perhaps the 
 type of a new genus. The foliage is exceedingly like that of Maba sericea. 
 
 EXCLUDED AND NOMINAL SPECIES OF DIOSPYROS. 
 
 Diospyros acapulcensis, Kunth = Maba acapulcensis. 
 
 Diospyros acuminata, Wall. List, n. 4129 (1828 32). Cfr. Laurineae. 
 
 Diospyros aliens, Presl = Maba albens. 
 
 Diospyros ambigua, Vent, non Sap., = Eoyena arribigua, Vent. 
 
 Diospyros Berterii, Alph. DC. = Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
 Diospyros cauliflora, Mart, in Fl. Bras. VII. p. 7 (1856), non Blume, = Maba cauliflora. 
 
 Diospyros cerasifolia, D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nep. p. 144 (1825) = Eurya symplocina, Blume. 
 
 Diospyros conduplicata, Kunth = Maba incomtans, Griseb. 
 
 Diospyros cupulosa, F. Muell. = Maba rufa, Labill. 
 
 Diospyros fasciculosa, F. Muell. = Maba fasciculosa, F. Muell. 
 
 Diospyros feminina, Hamilt. ex Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 238. n. 83 (1844), = Eurya 
 symplocina, Blume. 
 
 Diospyros frondosa, Wall. List, n. 4125 (1828 32) = Bocagea eUiptica, Hook. fil. et 
 Thorns. 
 
 Diospyros geminata, F. Muell. = Maba geminata, R. Br. 
 
 Diospyros grandifolia, Wall, ex Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. p. 345 (1845). Name 
 only. 
 
 Diospyros hexasperma, Hasselt = Maba eUiptica, Forst. 
 
 Diospyros hirsuta, Desf. non Linn, fil., = Boyena hirsuta, Linn. 
 
 Diospyros humilis, F. Muell. = Maba humilis, R Br. 
 
 Diospyros inconstans, Jacq. = Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
 Diospyros lanceolata, Poir., non Wall., = Maba lanceolata. 
 
 Diospyros lycioides, Desf. = Royena pollens, Thunb. 
 
 Diospyros microcarpa, Span, in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. I. p. 348 (name only, 1835), 
 non Sieb. 
 
 Diospyros myrmecocarpus, Mart. = Maba myrmecocarpa. 
 
 Diospyros oblonga, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. iv. p. 40 (1837) = ?-Z>. venosa, Wall. 
 
 Diospyros obovata, Wight, Icon. t. 1226 (1850), non Jacq., = Sapotacea. 
 
 Diospyros obtusifolia, Bert., non Humb. et Bonpl., = Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
 Diospyros psidioides, Kunth = Maba inconstans, Griseb. 
 
 Diospyros pubescens, Pers., non Pursh, = Eoyena hirsuta, Linn, 
 
ME HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 271 
 
 Diospyros punctata, Korth., non Decaisne, = Mala punctata. 
 Diospyros salicifolia, Humb. et Bonpl. = Maba salicifolia. 
 Diospyros sericea, Alph. DC. = Mala sericea. 
 Diospyros sericocarpa, F. Muell. = Maba rufa, Labill. 
 
 Diospyros serrata, Hamilt. ex D. Don, Prodr. FL Nep. p. 143 (1825) = Eurya acumi- 
 nata, DC. 
 
 Diospyros wnosa, Wall. List, n. 4126 (1828 32) = ? Anonacea. 
 
 Diospyros virginica dulcis = Carpodinus edulis, Don. Cfr. Alph. DC. Prodr. vm. p. 329 
 
 (1844). 
 
 Diospyros (sp.), Salt! Voyage to Abyssinia, p. 14 (1814) =Eudea multiflora, var. 
 
 V. TETKACLIS, gen. nov. 
 
 $. Flores dioeci. Flores cymosi, tetrameri, subglobosi. Calyx depresso-globosus ; lobis 
 brevibus depresso-deltoideis, prcefloratione valvatis. Corolla carnosa, k-fida, extus puberula, 
 intus hirsuta; lobis prcefloratione valvatis. Stamina circiter 30, pleraque geminata, prope 
 corollce basim inserta ; filamentis brevibus compressis pubescentibus ; antheris hispidulis oblongis 
 liberis, lateraliter bilocularibus ; pollen globosum, Iceve. Ovarii rudimentum nullum. 
 
 9 . Bractece caducce. Fructus superus, solitarius, pedunculatus, subglobosus, subtomen- 
 tosus, femtgineus, carnosus, 8 (T)-locularis et -spermus ; pericarpio crasso. Calyx profwnde 
 4i-lobus, accrescens, appressus, semina pendula oblonga, testa, non nitidd. 
 
 Arbor madagascariensis ; foliis coriaceis altemis siniplicibus integerrimis exstipulatis ; 
 floribus axillaribus, apice 4 lineis cruciatis prsefloratione notatis. 
 
 1. TETRACLIS CLUSLEFOLIA, sp. nov. 
 
 T. foliis oblongis vel obovato-oblongis, apice rotundatis, emarginatis vel breviter acumi- 
 natis, obtusis, basi cuneatis, subglabris, coriaceis,, petiolatis, nervis tenuibus, crebris. 
 
 PLATE XI. A fruiting branch, natural size. a. A male inflorescence, natural size. 
 b. A male flower, magnified 4 diameters, c. The same after the removal of the calyx, 
 magnified 4 diameters, d. A vertical section of a male flower, magnified 6 diameters. 
 e. A transverse section of male flower, magnified 5 diameters. 
 
 A large tree with young parts puberulous; branches dark, somewhat angular, gla- 
 brescent, remotely rugose-verrucose. Leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, rounded emarginate or 
 shortly acuminate at apex, cuneate at base, with recurved margins, subglabrous, yellowish 
 green and shining on both sides ; midrib depressed above ; lateral veins close, widely 
 spreading, very feeble, and in relief on both sides of the leaf; [the lateral veins on 
 
272 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 the lower side of the leaves are too distinctly rendered by the lithographer in Plate XL] ; 
 5 10 in. long (besides channelled petioles f 1 in. long) by 1 f 3 in. wide. 
 
 <J. Cymes on young branches, shortly subferruginous-pubescent, bearing 3 10 
 flowers, | | in. long (not including the flowers) ; common peduncle \ J in. long ; pedicels 
 1^ \ in. long ; flowers -1 J in. in diameter, pubescent. Calyx nearly as high as the 
 corolla, 4-lobed at apex, at base somewhat 4-sided outside. Corolla puberulous outside, 
 hirsute or hispidulous inside. Stamens 30 (in one flower), mostly united by their 
 filaments in pairs; anthers hispidulous, filaments hairy inserted near the base of the 
 corolla ; pollen globular, smooth, about 7-^ in. in diameter. Ovary wanting. 
 
 J. Fruit (unripe?) solitary, f fin. high, by 1 lin. thick, crowned at apex by 
 remains of 4-partite style ; fruiting peduncles | J in. long, thickened upwards, puberulous ; 
 fruiting calyx 4-sided, softly hairy on both sides ; lobes widely ovate, acute, somewhat 
 cordate and pouting at base, reaching half the height of the fruit, thickly coriaceous. 
 
 Madagascar, Richard! 388, Nossi-be" ; PervilU ! 6. 
 
 FOSSIL EBENACE.E. 
 
 About 60 specific names of this family relating to fossils have been published ; the 
 first was published by Dr Alexander Braun, about 25 years ago, and the last by Prof. W. 
 Ph. Schimper, in the present year (1872). All these fossils occur in Tertiary strata, with the 
 exception of one, namely Diospyros primceva Heer from the beds 'of Nebraska in North America, 
 which beds have been recently referred to the Cretaceous period, though they were formerly 
 supposed from the facies of the contained flora to be Tertiary. The majority of the species 
 have been founded on leaves alone ; and the venation of these no doubt accords more or 
 less closely with that of those species of Ebenacese, such as Diospyros Lotus, Eoyena hirsuta, 
 Euclea lanceolata, &c., which fossil botanists seem to regard as the types of their respective 
 genera. There is in fact much variety of venation amongst the recent species of the family ; 
 and with respect to recent plants it is quite impossible to assign to the family, with even 
 a moderate amount of certainty, a given leaf of an unknown genus. A few of the 
 fossil species have been described from the calyx fruit or seed, with or without leaves ; 
 and the best of these specimens, such as those which have been named Diospyros brachy- 
 sepala, and Euclea relicta, present fair evidence of belonging to the structure of Ebenaceas, 
 while even in these instances the genus cannot be properly fixed, and other families 
 are not absolutely excluded. With regard to many of the fossil species, the utmost 
 inference founded on reasonable grounds which can be deduced, is a favourable suggestion 
 of Ebenacea? for the family to which the specimens may probably belong ; and with regard 
 to other specimens of the published species, it appears to me that Ebenacea3 is not a 
 probable family for them. It would be much the better plan to refer all fossils, which 
 have nearest affinities to Ebenacese, to a fossil genus Ebenacites, as was done in the first 
 instance by Saporta, but subsequently relinquished by him in favour of Diospyros. On the 
 whole then, as I place but little confidence in the determination of the fossils, I wish in 
 
MB HIEKN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 273 
 
 no way to confirm them in their present places ; but since they have been published as 
 Ebenaceous, I quote them as they stand, with the addition, in some cases, of additional 
 particulars and remarks ; I have added the synonymy in accordance with the views of the 
 principal authorities in fossil botany, and have drawn up artificial keys for the genera, 
 and also for the species in each genus, in order to set forth the distinctive characters 
 of the genera and species, so far as their published descriptions allow, and to found a 
 basis for their systematic arrangement. 
 
 KEY TO THE FOSSIL GENERA. 
 
 Leaves small, not exceeding 1 in. long, midrib alone robust. L KOYENA. 
 
 Leaves exceeding 1 in. long ; lateral veins more or less clearly marked. 
 Calyx 4 5-merous. 
 
 Leaves narrowly elliptical, 3 4 in. long, narrowed at both ends. II. EUCLEA. 
 Leaves ovate lanceolate oval or oblong or exceeding 4 in. long. III. DIOSPYROS. 
 Calyx 3-merous. IV. MACREIGHTIA. 
 
 Diospyros hceringiana, Ettingsh. has narrowly elliptical leaves 2 3|in. long, but it 
 was published previously to the reference of any fossil to the genus Euclea. Fossils 
 with a trimerous calyx, especially if the foliage is Ebenaceous, have been referred by 
 authors to Macreightia, a genus which I have merged in the older genus Mdba; if 
 then they still merit reference to a recent Ebenaceous genus, they must all be included 
 under the genus Maba. 
 
 I. KEY TO THE FOSSIL SPECIES OF EOYENA. 
 Leaves linear, in. broad. 
 Leaves oblanceolate or wider, J Jin. broad. 
 Leaves oblanceolate or oblong, 1 in. long. 
 Leaves oblanceolate. 
 Leaves oblong. 
 
 Leaves oval or round, | in. long. 
 Leaves cuneate-orbicular. 
 Leaves oval. 
 
 1. B. Myosotis. 
 
 2. E. grceca. 
 
 3. M. AmalthecB. 
 
 4. R. euboea. 
 
 5. It. Pentelici. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 
 
274 MR HIEKN, ON EBENACELE. 
 
 1. ROYENA MTOSOTIS, Ung. Foss. Fl. Eub. in Denkschrift. Kais. Akad. Wissensch. Math.- 
 Naturw. xxvn. p. 69. t. xiv. fig. 58 (1867). 
 
 E. foliis lineari-lanceolatis minimis in petiolum brevem attenuatis integris coriaceis, 
 nervo media solo distincto / calyce quinquelobo quatuor lineas lato, laciniis incequalibus 
 rotundatis. 
 
 Diospyros Myosotis, Ung. Gen. et Sp. PI. Foss. p. 436 (1850), Syll. PL Foss. in. p. 28. 
 t. IX. f. 13, 15, (1866) ; Schimp. PaL Teg. II. p. 952 (1872) ; Web. Palaeontogr. n. p. 190. 
 t. xrv. f. 5 b, non f. 5 a. 
 
 In Miocene formations, Kumi, Negropont; Eocene, in marly schist, Radoboj, Croatia. 
 
 Leaves \ 1 in. long by in. wide. Calyx \ in. in diameter. Cfr. Parana. According 
 to Prof. Schimper, linger has comprised several different plants under this species, and 
 Ettingshausen in Sitzungsber. Math. Naturw. Akad. Wissensch. xxxvin. p. 492 (1858), 
 has shewn that the leaf which Unger described and figured for this species in Foss. Fl. v. 
 Sotzka, p, 172. t. 43. f. 15 (1851), is a leaflet of Cassia phaseolites, while he thinks that 
 Unger's fig. 16 may be a calyx of Celastrus. 
 
 2. ROYENA GILECA, Ung. Foss. Fl. Eub. in Denkschrift. Kais. Akad. Wissensch. Math.- 
 Naturw. xxvil. p. 68. t. XI. fig. 4051 (1867). 
 
 R. foliis lanceolato-lingulatis breviter petiolatis integerrimis coriaceis, nervo primario 
 valido, nervis eecundariis tenuissimis transversissimis ramosissimis ; calyce firmo patente 
 semiquinquefido deciduo, laciniis incequalibus ovato-acuminatis extus striatis 8-millim. longis, 
 margine parum involutis ; drupd siccd quadriloculari. 
 
 Diospyros grceca, Saporta in Bull. Soc. Gdol. France, XXV. p. 321 (1868). 
 
 Schimp. Pal. V<%. u. p. 954. n. 1 (1872). 
 
 In Miocene formations at Kumi, Negropont. 
 
 Leaves 1 in. long by $$ in. wide, oblong, obtuse, cuneate at base ; petiole very short. 
 
 3. ROYENA AMALTHE.E, Ung. Foss. FL Eub. in Denkschrift. Kais. Akad. Wissensch. Math.- 
 
 Naturw. xxvn. p. 69. t. xiv. f. 1 (1867). 
 
 B. foliis ovato~lanceolatis minimis obtusis in petiolum attenuatis integerrimis coriaceis, 
 nervia secundariis crebris tenuibus ramosis reticulatim conjunctis. 
 
 Schfmp. Pal. V<%. n. p. 955. n. 2 (1872). 
 
 In Miocene formations at Kumi, Negropont. 
 
 Leaves oblanceolate about 1 in. long by J in, wide. Cfr. B. ffrceca, Ung. 
 
 4. ROYENA EUBOEA, Ung. Foss. Eub. in Denkschr. Kais. Akad. Wissensch. Math.- 
 Naturw. Vol. xxvii. p. 69. tab. xiv. fig. 24 (1867). 
 
 B. foliis minimis petiolatis cuneato-orbicularibus coriaceis integerrimis nervo primario 
 valido, nervis secundariis inconspicuis. 
 
 Sehimp. Pal. Ve*g. ii. p. 955, n, 3 (1872). 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 275 
 
 In Miocene formations at Kumi in Negropont. 
 
 Leaves J in. long by | J in. wide ; petioles -^ ^ in. long. Of quite uncertain family. 
 
 5. ROYENA PENTELICI, Ung. Foss. Fl. Eub. in Denkschr. Kais. Akad. Wissensch. Math.- 
 Naturw. Vol. xxvn. p. 70. t. xiv. f. 9 (1867). 
 
 S. foliis minimis ovato-ellipticia petiolatis integerrimis coriaceis, nervis secundariis sub- 
 timplicibus fere inconspicuis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Teg. n. p. 955. n. 4 (1872). 
 In Miocene formations at Kumi in Negropont. 
 
 Leaf f in. long by J in. wide ; petiole ^ in. long. Not unlike a short leaf of E. glabra 
 L., but placed in this genus on insufficient evidence. 
 
 II. KEY TO THE FOSSIL SPECIES OF EUCLEA. 
 Leaves petiolate, 
 
 Leaf 3 in. long, acuminate at both ends, 1. E. miocenica. 
 
 Leaf 4 in. long, narrowed at both ends, not acuminate. 2. E. Apollinis. 
 
 Leaf sessile. 3. E, relicta. 
 
 1. EUCLEA MIOCENICA, Ung. Syll. PI. Foss. in. p. 25. t. vni. fig. 8, 8* (1866). 
 
 E. foliis lanceolatis utrinque acuminatis petiolatis integerrimis coriaceis, nervo primario 
 valido, nervis secundariis flexuosis ramosis rete nervorum tertiariorum laxo inter se conjunctis. 
 
 Heer Mioc. Bait. FL p. 84. t. XXYIII. fig. 38 (1869) ; Schimp. Pal. Veg. n. p. 956. 
 n. 1 (1872). 
 
 In marly schist, Croatia, Unger ; Rixhoft, Samland, W. Prussia. 
 
 Leaf Sin. long by fin. wide; petiole ^in. long. Genus and family quite uncertain. 
 
 2. EUCLEA APOLLINIS, Ung. Syll. PL Foss. in. p. 26. t. vm. fig. 10, 10* (1866). 
 
 E. foliis lanceolatis breviter petiolatis integerrimis coriaceis, nervo primario valido, nervis 
 secundariis crebris flexuosis ramosisque rete nervorum tertiariorum laxo inter se conjunctis. 
 
 Rhododendron Apollinis, Ettingsh. ex Ung. I.e. 
 In marly schist, Eocene ; Radoboj, Croatia, Unger. 
 
 Leaf 4 in. long by fin. wide; petiole scarcely Jin. long, narrowed at both ends. Leaf 
 very like E. miocenica Ung. but rather larger. Prof. Schimper unites this with E. miocenica. 
 
 3. EUCLEA RELICTA, Ung. Foss. Fl. Eub. in Denkschr. Kais. Wissensch. Math.-Naturw. 
 
 VoL xxvii. p. 68. t. XL f. 39 (1867). 
 
 E. foliis lanceolatis utrinque attenuatis sessilibus integerrimis coriaceis, nervo primario 
 valido, nervis secundariis angulo subrecto exorientibus flexuosis ramosissimis in retem nervorum 
 tertiariorum laxum divisis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Teg. n. p. 956. n. 2 (1872). 
 
 In Miocene formations at Kumi in Negropont. 
 
 Leaf 3^ in. long by ^in. wide, narrowed at both ends; of quite uncertain family. 
 
 352 
 
276 
 
 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^I. 
 
 1. D. anceps. 
 
 2. 
 3. 
 
 D. vetwta. 
 D. Loveni. 
 
 III. KEY TO THE FOSSIL SPECIES OF DIOSPTROS. 
 The species whose leaves have been described may be arranged as follows. 
 
 Leaves more or less narrowed at base, or if sometimes rounded at base then acuminate at apex. 
 Leaves acute or subacute at apex (sometimes obtuse in D. brachysepala). 
 Petioles short, not exceeding in. in length. 
 
 Leaves reticulated, secondary veins manifest, branched. 
 Leaves membranous, often unequal at the base. 
 Leaves coriaceous, equal at the base. 
 Leaves 2^ 3 in. long, ovate. 
 Leaves about 6 in. long, oval-oblong. 
 Secondary veins simple or subsimple, manifest. 
 Leaves about 6 in. long. 
 Leaves about 7 in. long. 
 Secondary veins obsolete. 
 Petioles long. 
 
 Lateral veins rather distant. 
 Tertiary veins transverse. 
 Tertiary oblique or in various directions. 
 Midrib very stout ; net-veins subobsolete. 
 Midrib moderate ; leaves reticulated. 
 
 Calyx 4-fid, with widely ovate or rounded lobes. 9. D. Irachysepala. 
 
 4. D. Wodani. 
 
 5. D. Lignitum, 
 
 6. D. Weberii. 
 
 7. D. alaskana. 
 
 8. D. incerta. 
 
 10. D. paradisiaca. 
 
 11. D. lotoides. 
 
 12. D. primceva. 
 
 13. D. Auricula. 
 
 14. D. dubia. 
 
 15. 
 16. 
 
 Calyx 5-partite, with linear lobes. 
 Lateral veins crowded, 
 
 Leaves obtuse or .subobtuse; (sometimes acute .in D. varians). 
 Leaves lanceolate or ovate. 
 Secondary veins serpentine. 
 Secondary veins not serpentine, subremote. 
 Leaves about 3J 4| in. long, membranous. 
 Leaves about 2" in. long, subcoriaceous. 
 Secondary veins numerous, not serpentine. 
 Leaves J 1 in. wide. 
 
 Tertiary veins reticulated. 
 Tertiary veins less lamified. 
 Leaves If in. wide. 
 Leaves oval or elliptical. 
 Leaves 2| 3| in. long. 
 Leaves -j% -^ in. wide. 
 Leaves 1^ in. wide. 
 Leaves 1| in. long by f in. wide 
 
 Leaves rounded, not cordate at base, subobtuse, not rounded at apex. 
 Calyx 4-partite with oblong lobes; leaves oval, subcoriaceous. 
 Calyx deeply 4-fid, with widely elliptical lobes ; leaves oval-oblong, 
 
 coriaceous ( . 22. D. Ulinica. 
 
 Leaves rounded at both ends, .not cordate 23. D. oblongifolia. 
 
 Leaves cordate at base. 24. D. Parthenon. 
 
 D. varians. 
 D. obscura. 
 
 17. D. palceogcea. 
 
 18. D. hceringiana. 
 
 19. D. pannonica. 
 
 20. D. Royena. 
 
 21. D. stenosepala. 
 
ME HIEKN", ON EBENACE^E. 277 
 
 25. D. obliqua with linear lobes, and 26. Ebenacites rugosus with wider lobes, are known 
 only from the calyx ; and 27. D. Zollikoferi is described from a cluster of seeds only. 
 
 1. DIOSPYROS ANCEPS, Heer, Fl. Tert. Helvet. III. p. 12. t. en. fig. 15 18 (1859). 
 
 ,: D.foliis ovato-ellipticis, apice acuminatis, basi obtusis, membranaceis, hie illic incequilateris, 
 integerrimis, petiolatis, nervis secundariis remotiusculis, sub angulo sat aperto egredientibus, 
 curvatis, ramosis, ipsis et ramis arcuato-conjunctis, rete laxo. 
 
 Gaudin et Strozzi Me"m. Foss. Tosc. n. p. 51. n. 48. t. vii. f. 6 (1859); Heer, Mioc. 
 Bait. Flora, p. 84. t. xxvn. fig. 79 (1869) ; Schimper, Pal. Ve'g. II. p. 948. n. 12 (1872). 
 Miocene ; Germany and Tuscany. 
 Leaves acute or subacute, 1| 3J in. long by f If in. wide; petioles \ Jin. long. 
 
 2. DIOSPYROS VETUSTA, Giebel, Fl. Sachs. Thiiring. Braunkohl. in Zeitschr. xvi. p. 57 (1860). 
 
 D. foliis alternis, ovato-ellipticis, apice acutis vel acuminatis, basi angustatis, coriaceis, 
 nervis secundariis subtilissimis, areis reticulatis; fructu globoso, o-angulato, 5-spermo; calyce 
 fructifero patente, 5-fido, lobis rotundatis. 
 
 Heer, Sachs. Thuring. Braunk. p. 10 [416]. n. 24. t. vn. f. 16 (1861). Schimp. Pal. 
 Ve'g. II. p. 946. n. 6 (1872). 
 
 Eocene ; Lignites of the Ligurian strata of Skopau in Thiiringe, Saxony. 
 
 Leaves 2J Sin. long by $ 1^ in. wide; petiole about -fa in. long; calyx fin. in 
 diameter ; fruit f in. in diameter. 
 
 3. DIOSPYROS LOVENI, Heer, Fl. Foss. Arct. p. 118. t. vn. fig. 7 b, c, 8, t. XLVII. fig. 8 (1868). 
 
 D. foliis firmis, coriaceis, integerrimis, nervis secundariis remotis, sub angulo acuto 
 egredientibus, valde camptodromis, ramosis, areis argute reticulatis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Ve'g. II. p. 949. n. 15 (1872). 
 
 Miocene; Atanekerdluk, North Greenland. 
 
 Leaves perhaps 6 in. long by If in. wide, areolate, elliptic-oblong. 
 
 4. DIOSPYROS WODANI, Ting. Gen. et Sp. PL Foss. p. 435. n. 2 (1850). 
 
 D. foliis ovato-oblongis, apice acuminatis basi attenuatis petiolatis integerrimis membra- 
 naceis, nervo media valido, nervis secundariis remotis subsimplicibus sursum arcuatis tenuibus; 
 baccd globosd, exsuccd semipollicari, calyce quinquelobo deciduo patente, laciniis lanceolatis 
 obtusis striatis pollicaribus. 
 
 Ung. Syll. PL Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. Kais. Akad. Wissensch. Math.-Naturw. 
 xxv. p. 27. t. ix. fig. 1012 (1866), Ettingsh. Beitr. z. Foss. Fl. v. Radoboj, p. 55, Schimp. 
 Pal. Ve'g. n. p. 951. n. 22 (1872). 
 
 Plumeria Flos-saturni, Ung. Gen. et Sp. PI. Foss. p. 433 (1850); SylL PL Foss. m. 
 p. 27. t. ix. fig. 1012 (1866). 
 
 Anona macrophylla, Ung. Gen. et Sp. PI. Foss. p. 442. n. 3 (1850). 
 
 Eocene ; in marly schist, Radoboj, Croatia. 
 
 Fruit | in. in diameter ; calyx deeply 5-lobed, If in. in diameter, patent ; lobes narrowly 
 
278 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 elliptical, obtuse, striate, f f in. long by \ in. wide. Leaves about 6 in. long. Of un- 
 certain family. 
 
 5. DIOSPYRQS LlGNiTUM, Ung. Syll. PI. Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. Kais. Akad. 
 Wissensch. Math.-Naturw. xxv. p. 30. t. IX. f. 9 (1866). 
 
 D. foliis ovato-oblongis utrinque attenuatis petiolatis integerrimis merribranaceis, nervo 
 primario valido, nervis secundariis distantibus simplicibus ramosisque ; seminibus suborbiculari- 
 oblongis obtusis Icevibus compressis, chalazd parvd immersd. 
 
 Anona Lignitum, Ung. I.e., pug. i. p. 25. t. X. fig. 1 7 (1861), Gen. et Sp. PI. Foss. 
 p. 441 (1850). 
 
 Miocene ; lignite of Salzhausen in Wetterau and Frofajach in Styria. 
 
 Leaves 7 in. long by If in. wide ; seeds f in. long by -fe in. broad. The seed is not 
 typical of the family. Not given by Schimper in his Traite" de PaUontologie vegttale among 
 the Ebenaceae. 
 
 6. DIOSPTROS WEBERII, Massal. Syll. PI. Foss. Tert. Venit. p. 77 (1859). 
 
 D. foliis (?) ovatis acutis subpetiolatis integerrimis, nervo primario valido, nervis secundariia 
 nullis ; calyce quinquelobo deciduo minima patente, laciniis apiculatis. 
 
 D. Myosotis, Web. Tert. Fl. Niederrhein. Braunkohl. in Dunker et Meyer, Beitr. 
 Jfaturgesch. Vorwelt, Vol. II. p. 19. t. XIV. fig. 5 o (1852), non Ung. 
 In Tertiary formations, Italy, &c. 
 Calyx | in. in diameter. The leaves (at least) probably belong to Eoyena Myosotis, Ung. 
 
 7. DIOSPTROS ALASKANA, Schimp. Pal. Teg. n. p. 949. n. 17 (1872). 
 
 D. foliis elliptids utrinque acutis, subcoriaceis, nitidis, integerrimis, longe petiolatis, nervo 
 media valido, nervis secundariis subtilibus (validis ex Lesq.), superioribus alternantibus, 
 inferioribus oppositis, omnibus valde curvatis camptodromis sub angulo acuto egredientibus, 
 areis nervulis transversis obsoletis ramosis reticulatis. 
 
 D. lancifolia, Lesquer. in Sill. Amer. Journ. ser. ii. vol. xxvil. p. 361. n. 13 (Maio, 
 1859) ; Heer, Foss. Pfl. v. Van Couver u. Brit. Columb. p. 8. t. L f. 1012, n. f. 13 ; 
 Fl. Foss. Alaskana, p. 35. t. HI. f. 12 (1869) ; non Al. Br. 
 
 D. lanceolata, "Lesq." ex Schimp. I.e., non Poir. 
 
 British Columbia and Neniltschik (Alaska) ; Billingham Bay, Washington Territory, 
 N. America. 
 
 Leaf" 4 in. long by 1^ in. wide; petiole Jin. long. 
 
 8. DIOSPYRQS INCERTA, Massalongo, Synops. Fl. Foss. Senigall. p. 76. n. 187 (1858). 
 
 D. foliis ovato-lanceolatis utrinque attenuatis acuminatis petiolatis penninerviis integerrimis, 
 costd validissimd, nervis secundariis rectiusculis, sub angulo 45 50 exorientibus subcequi- 
 distantibus, subramosis, apice bifurcatis, arcuatim conjunctis, nervulia venisque subobsoletis. 
 
 Massal. Fl. Foss. Senigall. p. 295. t. xxvi xxvn. fig. 6, 29 (1859). 
 Miocene ; Senigallia, Italy. 
 
 Leaves 4 4| in. long (including petiole f ^ in. long) by 1^ in. wide. The specific 
 name is more suitable than the generic. 
 
MRHIERN, ON EBENAGE^E. 279 
 
 9. DIOSPYROS BRACHYSEPALA, Al. Br. in Leonh. et Bronn, Neues Jahrb. fur Mineral. 
 
 1845, p. 170. 
 
 D. foliis elliptico-dblongis, apice obtuse vel acute angustatis vel acuminatis, basi cuneatis 
 vel obtusis> subcoriaceis vel submembranaceis, integerrimis, petiolatis, penninerviis, nervis secun- 
 dariis atternantibus, remotiusculis, sub angulo acuto Vel recto egredientibus, curvatis ramosis, 
 ipsis et ramis dorsalibus marginem Versus arcuato-conjunctis, brochiodromis ; calyce quadrifido, 
 media cicatrice annulari impressd notato, lobis brevibus, late ovatis vel rotundis, apiculatis; 
 baccd exsuccd, semipollicari. 
 
 IJng. Blatt Swoszowice in Nat. Abh. Gesamm. t. XIV. f. 15 (1849) ; Heer, Miocene Baltische 
 Flor^ p. 84. n. 65. t. xxvil. fig. 16; t. xxvm. f. 1. (1869), FL Tert. Helvet. III. t. en. fig. 
 114 (1859), Fl. Foss. Arct. p. 117. t. xv. f. 1012, t. xViI. f. 5 h, i, t. XLVII. fig. 4 b, c, d> 
 57 (1868), Braunk. Bornstadt in Abh. Nat. Halle, t. ill, fig. 7, 8 (1869), Phil. Trans, vol. 
 159. pt. n. p. 475. n. 48. t. L. f. 13, t. LV. f. 8 (1870) ; Sismonda, Pal. Pidm. p. 55. t. XI. 
 f. 6, t. xvi. f. 5, t. xix. f. 3 (1865) ; Ettingsh. Foss. FL Bilin, in Denkschrift. Akad. Kais. 
 Wissensch. Math.-Naturw. Bd. xxvm. p. 232. t. xxxvill. f. 28, t. xxxix. 1 (1868); 
 Schimp. Pal. V<%. II. p. 949. n. 18 (1872). 
 
 Tetrapteris Harpyiarum, Ung> Foss. Fl. v. Sotzka, p. 46, t xxix. fig. 9 (1850), in Denkschr. 
 Bd. n. t. L (1851). 
 
 Getonia petrceceformis, Ung. Foss. Fl. v. Sotzka, t. xxxlll. f. 2 4, in Denkschr. Bd. ll, 
 t. Lrv. (G. petrcecefolia ex Schimp. I. c.) 
 
 G. macroptera, Ung. Foss. Fl. v. Sotzka, t. xxxlll. fig. 8, in Denkschr. Bd. II. t. LfV. 
 
 G. truncata, Goepp. Tert. Fl. v. Schossnitz, p. 37. t. xxv. fig. 11 (1855). 
 
 D. lancifolia, A. Br. ex Bruckm. Fl. Oening. Foss. in Jahr. Ver. Nat. Wiirtemb. p. 232 
 (1850), non Lesq. 
 
 D. langifolia, "Al. Braun" ex Stizenb. Verst. Baden, p. 83 (1851). 
 
 Arbutus diospyrifolius, Massal. Lett. Scarab, p. 29. n. 203 in Ann. Sc. Nat. Bologn, 
 (1854); Fl. Foss. Senigall. p. 296. t. xxvi xxvu. f. 3, t. XLV. f. 7 (1859). 
 
 D. longifolia, "Stiz." ex Heer, Fl. Tert. Helvet. in. p. 11 (1859), non Spruce. 
 
 D. latifolia, "Al. Br." ex Schimp. Pal. Veg. n. p. 949 (1872). 
 
 Upper middle and lower Miocene formations; North Greenland, W. Prussia, France, 
 Switzerland, Italy. 
 
 Leaves 1^ 5 in. long by |-^2 & in. wide ; petioles ranging up to f in. long. Calyx \ in. 
 in diameter. 
 
 10. DIOSPYROS PARADISIACA, Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. Bilih in Denkschrift. Akad. Wissensch. 
 
 Math.-Naturw. XXVIIL p. 234. t. xxxvm. fig. 2931, 34 (1868). 
 
 D. foliis lanceolatis, utrinque angustatis, basi acutis, integerrimis membranaceis, petiolatis, 
 nervo primario distincto recto, nervis secundariis tenuibus, inferioribus sub angulo 45, mediis 
 et superioribus sub angulis obtusioribus, arcubus laqueorum maculis externis instructis, nervis 
 tertiariis tenuissime dictyodromis ; baccd ovided, exsuccd ; calyce 5-partito, patente, deciduo, 
 ladniis linearibus obtusis, nervoso-striatis, vix semipo licaribus. 
 
280 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Veg. n. p. 946. n. 5 (1872). 
 Miocene; Tripoli de Kutschlin, Bohemia. 
 
 Leaf .3J in. long or more by T 9 ff in. wide; petiole i in. long; calyx-lobes | -fin. long 
 by Jg | in. wide; fruit (?) fin. long. 
 
 11. DIOSPTROS LOTOIDES, Ung. Syll. PI. Foss., pug. in., in Denkschrift. Kais. Akad. 
 . Wissensch. Math.-Naturw. xxv. p. 30. t. x. fig. 1 12 (1866). 
 
 D. foliis lanceolato-oblongis utrinque attenuatis longe-petiolatis, margine plus minus undulato, 
 integerrimis plurinerviis, nervo primario valido, nervis secundariis crebris, sub angulo plus minus 
 acuto emissis, marginem versus arcu brevi conjunctis, apice se conjunctis, nervis tertiariis trans- 
 versalibus utplurimum dbsoletis vel parum conspicuis, cali/ce minima, 5-fido, patente, laciniis 
 rotundatis. 
 
 Ung. Foss. Fl. d. alt. Braunk. d. Wetterau, p. 59 ; Schimp. Pal. Teg. II. p. 951. n. 20 (1872). 
 
 Borraginites myosotiflorus, Ludw. Palseontogr. in Mey. Beitr. Naturg. Vorw. vin. p. 116 
 (I860). 
 
 Miocene; lignite at Wetterau, Germany. 
 
 Leaves 3 5^ in. long by If in. wide; petiole T |- Ijin. long. Apparently not Ebe- 
 naceous. Cfr. Juglans acuminata, Ludw. and J. ventricosa, Ludw. 
 
 12. DIOSPVROS PRIM^VA, Heer, Phyll. Crdt. der Nebraska, p. 19. t, I. fig. 6, 7. 
 
 D. foliis oblongo-ovalibus, apice obtusiusculis, integerrimis ; nervis secundariis serpentinis, 
 ramosis, camptodromis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Vdg. n. p. 948. n. 14 (1872). 
 Upper cretaceous deposits (?) in Nebraska, N. America. 
 
 D. anceps of the Miocene of Europe and D. alaskana of the molasse of North America 
 greatly approach this species from Nebraska. 
 
 13. DIOSPTROS AURICULA, Ung. Gen. et Sp. PL Foss. p. 436 (1850), Syll. PI. Foss. in. 
 
 p. 26. t. ix. f. 1 4. 
 
 D. foliis ovatis utrinque attenuatis integerrimis membranaceis, nervo primario valido, 
 nervis secundariis subremotis, sub angulo acuto egredientibus, sursum repetito-arcuato-anasto- 
 mosatis, subarcuatis, apice ramosis; calyce quadrifido vel quinquefido deciduo patente, laciniis 
 suhquadratis emarginatis basi callosis striatisque semipollicaribus. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Teg. II. p. 947. n. 10 (1872). 
 
 D. auriculata, Stiehler, Synops. Pflanz. Vorw. I. 147 (1861), non Wight. 
 
 Eocene ; Croatia, in marly schist at Radoboj. 
 
 Leaves somewhat narrowed at both ends, obtuse at apex, 3| 4f in. long by 1| IfJ in. 
 wide ; petiole $ -fa in. long ; calyx-lobes J in. long. The characters given agree with 
 Diospyros. 
 
MR HIEKN, ON EBENACE^E. 281 
 
 14. DIOSPYROS BUBIA, Goeppert, Tert. Fl. Java, p. 47. t. xn. f. 72 (1854). 
 
 D. foliis ovatis subobtusis subcoriaceis integerrimis penninerviis, nervis secundariis alter- 
 nantibus subremotis sub angulo acuto 60 circa exorientibus adscendentibus curvatis ramosis, 
 ramulis ante marginem in maculas transeuntibus in rete solutis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Veg. n. p. 947. n. 9 (1872), non Wight. 
 Pliocene ? ; Pesawahan, Java, Jwnghuhn 353. 
 
 Leaf (estimated from a fragment) probably about 2 in. long by 1 in. wide. Family 
 quite conjectural. 
 
 15. DIOSPYROS VARIANS, Saporta in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. v. vol. ill. p. 111. t. IV. 
 
 fig. 14, t. vi. fig. 4 (1865), vol. vin. p. 91. t. x. fig. 7, 8 (1867). 
 
 D. foliis lanceolatis ellipticis oblong o-lanceolatis vel ovatis, apice obtusis quandoque breviter 
 attenuatis, basi parum incequalibus, subcoriaceis, breviter petiolatis, integerrimis; petiolo trans- 
 verse rugoso ; nervo primario valde expresso ; nervis secundariis tenuibus numerosis reticulatis ; 
 nervis tertiariis in rete flexuoso subtiliter venuloso coeuntibus. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Ve"g. n. p. 944. n. 1 (1872). 
 
 Tertiary; S.E. France, frequent. 
 
 Leaves 2-J in. long by J in. wide, 3 J in. by 1 in., 3 J in. by f in. 
 
 16. DIOSPYROS OBSCTJRA, Sap. Etud. n. p. 283 in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. v. vol. iv. 
 
 p. 138 (1865). 
 
 D. foliis lanceolatis, coriaceis, breviter lateque petiolatis; nervo primario valido, secun- 
 dariis obliquis, secus marginem areolatis, inconspicuis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Ve"g. n. p. 947. n. 8 (1872). 
 
 Upper Tertiary; S.E. France, Armissan; rare. 
 
 Only differs from D. varians by thicker and little longer petiole, by the more regularly 
 lanceolate leaves, and by the less ramified secondary ascending veins, which are united near 
 the margin by very obtuse curves. 
 
 17. DIOSPYROS PAL.OG^:A, Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. Bilin in Denkschrift. Akad. Wissensch. 
 Math.-Naturw. xxvin. p. 233. t. xxxvm. f. 2426, 32 (1868). 
 
 D. foliis ovalibus, obtuse acuminatis, basi angustatis, integerrimis, coriaceis, petiolatis, 
 
 4, 5 pollices longis, nervo primario distincto, nervis secundariis crebris, tenuibus, flexuosis, 
 
 ramosis; baccd globosd, exsuccd, fere pollicari; calyce firmo, quinque-partito, patente, deciduo, 
 semipollicari, laciniis ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis. 
 
 Schimper, Pal. V^g. vol. n. p. 945. n. 4 (1872). 
 
 Miocene; Tripoli de Kutschlin, Bohemia. 
 
 Leaf 4| in. by 1| in. wide ; petiole in. long ; calyx nearly | in. in diameter. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 36 
 
282 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 18. DIOSPYROS H^RINGIANA, Ettingsh. Tert. Fl. Haring, p. 61. t. xxi. f. 26, 
 
 t. xxn. f. 11 (1851). 
 
 D. foliis lanceolatis vel elongato-lanceolatis, petiolatis, integerrimis, sub-coriaceis, utrinque 
 angustatis, petiolo rugoso ; nervatione dictyodroma, nervo primario valido, nervis secundariis 
 tenuibus, sub angulo 60 80 orientibus, arcuatis, ramosis ; calyce 4>-fido, segmentis parum 
 productis, acutis. 
 
 Saporta in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. iv. vol. xix. p. 72. t. ix. f. 1 (1863) ; Schimper, Pal. 
 Ve"g. II. p. 945. n. 2 (1872). 
 
 Tertiary ; in calcareous bituminous schist at Haring, Tyrol ; marly beds, S.E. France. 
 
 Leaves 1| 3| in. long by \ fa in. wide, narrowly elliptical, obtuse at apex ; calyx J in. 
 in diameter. 
 
 19. DIOSPYROS PANNONICA, Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. Wien, p. 19. t. in. f. 8 (1851). 
 
 D. foliis ellipticis, basi angustioribus, integerrimis, petiolatis, nervis secundariis undulatis, 
 sub angulo 50 60 orientibus, apice ramosis et in rete abeuntibus, nervis reticulatis e nervo 
 primario sub angulo recto, e nervis secundariis sub angulo acuto egredientibus, ramosis. 
 
 Schimper doubtfully unites this to D. anceps, Heer. 
 
 Vienna, in marly schist. 
 
 Leaf 2 in. long by 1^ in. wide. Very like leaf of D. brachysepala, but apparently more 
 obtuse. 
 
 20. DIOSPYROS ROTENA, Ung. Syll. PI. Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. Kais. Akad. 
 Wissensch. Math.-Naturw. xxv. p. 29. t. ix. fig. 18, 19 (1866). 
 
 D. foliis ovalibus breviter petiolatis integerrimis sesquipollicem longis, nervo primario 
 distincto, nervis secundariis crebris tenuibus ramosis ; calyce firmo quinquelobo patente deciduo 
 semipollicari, laciniis acuminatis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Ve'g. n. p. 952 (1872). 
 In marly schist; Radoboj, Croatia. 
 
 Leaves 1^ in. long by f in. wide ; petiole -^ in. long. Calyx-lobes -fa in. long by in. 
 wide. Family quite uncertain. 
 
 21. DIOSPYROS STENOSEPALA, Heer, Fl. Foss. Alaskana, p. 35. t. viii. fig. 7, 8 (1869). 
 
 D. foliis ovalibus, basi rotundatis, integerrimis, subcoriaceis ; calyce fructifero quadripartito, 
 lobis oblongis, apice rotundatis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Veg. n. p. 949. n. 16 (1872). 
 Miocene ; English Bay, Alaska, N. America, Furuhjelm. 
 
 The shape and size of the calyx correspond with those in D. brachysepala, but the 
 lobes are longer and narrower. Calyx f in. in diameter; leaves If in. wide. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE.E. 283 
 
 22. DIOSPYROS BILINICA, Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. Eilin, n. p. 45, in Denkschrift. Akad. 
 Wissensch. Math.-Naturw. xxviii. p. 233. tab. xxxix. fig. 17, 18 (1868). 
 
 D. foliis coriaceis, oblongo-ettipticis, crassiuscule petiolatis, basi rotundatis, apice sub- 
 obtusis, integerrimis, nervo primario basi valido, apicem versus sensim angustato, nervis 
 secundariis sub angulis acutis orientibus, tenuissimis, subremotis, nervis tertiariis obsoletis ; 
 calyce profunde quadrifido, deciduo, patente, minima, laciniis ovalibus, longitudinaliter nervoso- 
 striatis, basi coarctatis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Veg. II. p. 947. n. 10 (1872). 
 
 D. bohemica, Schimp. 1. c. p. 945. n. 3. 
 
 Miocene ; menilite-opal of the valley of Schichow near Bilin, Bohemia. 
 
 Leaf 4| in. long by If in. wide ; petiole f in. long. Calyx \ | in. in diameter, lobes 
 rounded. The leaf much resembles that of D. Auricula, Ung., but differs by the more con- 
 siderable thickness of the petiole and midrib. 
 
 23. DIOSPYROS OBLONGIFOLIA, Heer, Braunk. von Bornstadt in Abhandl. d. Nat. 
 
 Gessellsch. zu Halle. XI. Bd. p. 17. t. in. f. 9 (1869). 
 
 D. foliis oblongis, utrinque obtusis, integerrimis ; nervis suprabasilaribus ultra medium 
 productis, cwteris utrinque 4 remotis, patentioribus, apice cum nervis tertiariis transversis 
 arcuato-conjunctis, nervulis e nervo media et e nervis secundariis sub angulo recto emissis, 
 inter se parallelis, reticulo minuto. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. V<%. n. p. 950. n. 19 (1872).' 
 
 Eocene ; Bornstadt near Eisleben, Saxony, about N. Lat. 51|. 
 
 Leaf nearly 3 in. long by rather more than 1 in. wide, rounded at both ends. 
 
 24. DIOSPYROS PARTHENON, Ung. Syll. PL Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. Kais. 
 
 Akad, Wissensch. Math.-Naturw. xxv. p. 29. t. IX. f. 8 (1866). 
 
 D. foliis ovato-acuminatis basi subcordatis integerrimis membranaceis longe petiolatis, 
 nervo primario valido, nervis secundariis crebris tenuibus subpatentibus apice diviso anasto- 
 mosatis. 
 
 Schimper, Pal. Veg. n. p. 948. n. 13 (1872). 
 Miocene; lignite at Wetterau, Germany. 
 
 Leaf 4 in. long by 1^ in. wide ; petiole |f in. long. The long petiole associated with a 
 subcordate leaf-base is not suggestive of Ebenacea3. 
 
 25. DIOSPYROS OBLIQUA, Ung. Syll. PI. Foss., pug. iii. in Denkschrift. Kais. Akad. 
 Wissensch. Math.-Naturw. xxv. p. 29. t. ix. fig. 17, 17* (1866). 
 
 D. calyce quinquelobo deciduo minima patente, laciniis e basi lata angustatis linearibus 
 obtusis. 
 
 362 
 
284 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Schimper, Pal. V^g. n. p. 951. n. 23 (1872). 
 In marly schist, Radoboj, Croatia. 
 
 Calyx about J in. in diameter ; lobes about in. long. Like Royena Myosotis, Ting., but 
 calyx-lobes narrower. Cf. Porana. 
 
 26. EBENACITES RUGOSUS, Sap. in Sap. et Math. Exam. Anal. Fl. Tert. Provence, 
 
 p. 31 (1861). 
 
 E. foliis (?) ovatis, petiolatis, int egerrimis ; nervis secundariis curvatis, nervis tertiariis 
 sinuosis transversim reticulatis; floribus unisexualibus ; calyce 5-lobo lobis incequalibus, extus 
 rugoso-sulcatis, intus Icevibus, cestivatione imbricatis ; masculorum corolld erectd breviter 
 urceolatd calycibus breviore; feminorum segmentis calycinis primum erectis, ovarium 2 3- 
 stylum foventibus, demum patentibus, indurato-persistentibus, baccam globosam ipsis breviorem 
 stipantibus. 
 
 Diospyros rugosa, Sap. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. iv. vol. xvii. p. 264. t. xi. f. 3. A, B, 
 C, D, E, F. (1862) ; Schimp. Pal. Veg. n. p. 946. n. 7. (1872). 
 Tertiary ; beds of gypsum at Aix, S.E. France, common. 
 
 The styles are not Ebenaceous in character. Male flower f in. diameter, calyx and 
 corolla lobed half way, lobes ovate ; female flower in. thick, calyx deeply lobed, lobes 
 ovate acuminate, styles ^ in. long. 
 
 27. DIOSPYROS ZOLLIKOFEEI, Ung. SylL PI. Foss., pug. iii., in Denkschrift. Kais. Akad. 
 xxv. p. 27. t. ix. f. 6 (1866). 
 
 D. seminibus ovoideis, compressis, distinctis, numero octo in orbem dispositis residuis 
 fructus baccati globularis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Ve"g. II. p. 951. n. 21. (1872). 
 
 Miocene ; Hengsberg, Styria. 
 
 Seeds ^ f in. long by ^ in. wide. 
 
 IV. KEY TO THE FOSSIL SPECIES OF MACREIGHTIA. 
 
 Peduncles not thickened upwards 
 
 Leaves If 2J in. long by f ^ in. wide. 1. M. germanica. 
 
 Leaves more than 3 in. long by 1J in. wide. 2. M. microcalyx. 
 Peduncles thickened upwards. 
 
 Calyx-lobes ovate-acuminate. 3. M. longipes. 
 
 Calyx-lobes ovate or cuneiform, obtuse 4. M. vmmzenbergensis. 
 
 1. MACREIGHTIA GERMANICA, Heer, Fl. Tert. Helvet. in. p. 13. t. ciii. fig. 1, 2 (1859). 
 
 M. foliis late-lanceolatis acuminatis in petiolum mediocrem attenuates integerrimis vel 
 margine incequali passim denticulatis coriaceies, nervo media rdbusto, nervis secundariis e 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 286 
 
 nervo primario sub angulo acuto egredientibus subsimplicibus rectis parallelis ; calyce firmo 
 pedunculate tripartite, lobis basi ovato-acuminatis nervosis ; baccd rotunda calyce basi cinctd. 
 
 Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. Bilin, p. 234. (1868); Schimp. Pal. Veg. n. 953. n. 1 (1872); 
 Ung. Syll. PL Foss., pug. iii. p. 26. t. viii. fig. 12, 13 (1866). 
 
 Celastrus europceus, Ung. Gen. et Sp. PI. Foss. p. 459 (1850), Syll. PI. Foss., pug. ii. 
 p. 10. t. ii. fig. 1015 (1864). 
 
 Tertiary ; Parschlug, Styria ; Croatia ; Oeningen, &c. 
 
 Calyx only like Macreightia (Maba) in being trimerous ; if the leaves are sometimes 
 denticulate as stated, the plant cannot belong to Ebenaceae. In Celastrus europoeus the 
 leaves measure If 2J in. long by -fa in. wide ; petioles about J in. long. 
 
 2. MACREIGHTIA MICROCALYX, Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. v. Bilin in Denkschrift. Akad. Wissensch. 
 Math.-Naturw. xxviii. p. 234. t. xxxix. f. 2 5. n. 2 (1868). 
 
 M. foliis lanceolo-oblongis, basi angustatis, obtusis, apicem versus angustatis, margine 
 integerrimis, nervis secundariis camptodromis, nervo primario valido, nervis tertiariis obsoletis; 
 calyce submembranaceo, pedunculate, tripartite, extus pilose, lobis ovato-acutis, basi latis, apice 
 breviter cuspidatis, nervoso-stnatis ; baccd rotunda, calycis basi cinctd. 
 
 Schimper, Pal. Ve"g. ii. p. 953. n. 2 (1872). 
 Miocene ; Kutschlin, Bohemia. 
 
 Leaf 1J in. wide by more than Sin. long. Calyx J ^ in. long; perhaps a fourth 
 lobe at the back of the impression is concealed by the front ones. 
 
 3. MACREIGHTIA LONGIPES, Ettingsh. Beitr. z. Kenntn. d. Tertfl. Steierm. p. 58. t. IV. 
 
 f. 10, 11. 
 
 M. calyce longe pedunculate, pedunculo sursum sensim incrassato. lobis ovato-acuminatis, 
 acutis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. V<%. ii. p. 954. n. 3 (1872). 
 Lignite at Leoben, Styria, Austria. 
 
 4. MACREIGHTIA MUNZENBERGENSIS, Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. d. alt. Braunk. d. Wetterau, p. 59. 
 
 M. calyce tripartite lobis ovatis vel cuneiformibus, obtusis, nervosis. 
 
 Schimp. Pal. Veg. n. p. 954. n. 4 (1872). 
 
 Hydrocharis ovata, Ludw. Palseontogr. in Mey. Beitr. Naturg. Vorw. VIII. t. xxiv. f. 6 
 (1860). 
 
 Tertiary ; sandstone at Miinzenberg, Darmstadt, S.W. Germany. 
 
 Calyx (?) -lobes f f in. long. As much like a calyx of Barringtonia or a split fruit 
 of Viola as Maba. Peduncles thickened upwards. 
 
 The following names of fossil species have been published apparently without descriptions 
 or with extremely meagre ones. 
 
286 ME HIERN ON EBENACE^). 
 
 Diospyros laurina, Massal. Syllab. PI. Foss. Tert. Venet. p. 77 (1859). 
 Macreightia italica, Massal. I. c. 
 Macreightia? umbellata, Massal. I. c. 
 
 Diospyros discreta, Saporta, Ve'g. Sud-Est France, Ep. Tert. in Ann. Sc. Nat., ser. v. 
 vol. xv. p. 321 (1872). 
 
 Diospyros ambigua, Saporta, I. c., non Vent. 
 Diospyros rhodendrifolia, Saporta, I. c. 
 Diospyros corrugata, Saporta, I. c. 
 
 Diospyros styracifolia, Saporta, 1. c. p. 333 ; D. tyracifolia, Sap. in. Bull. Soc. Gdol. 
 France, xxv. p. 895 (1868). 
 
 Diospyros raminervis, Saporta, I. c. p. 333 ; in Bull. Soc. Ge"ol. France, xxv. p. 895 (1868). 
 
 Diospyros Scheuzeri, A. Br. ex Ung. Pflanzenwelt, p. 233 (1851), is Labatia Scheuzeri, 
 A. Br. ex Stiehler, Synops. Pflanz. Vorwelt, I. p. 147 (1861). 
 
ADDITIONS AND COKKECTIONS. 
 
 During the time that the previous sheets have taken in passing through the press 
 numerous new specimens of Ebenaceae have reached this country and been presented to 
 my notice, containing indeed several new species and affording additional matter for the 
 more complete knowledge of old ones. So far as circumstances allowed, I have incorporated 
 the additional matter in its proper place, and such information as was not sufficiently 
 early for that purpose, I now add at the end : I also take the same opportunity of correcting 
 the misprints, mistakes, and omissions that have been noticed, and of making any slight 
 additions that further research has rendered desirable. The estimate given on page 61 for 
 the number of recent species in the family and in the genera Maba and Diospyros will 
 require a slight increase in each case ; thus the whole Natural Order contains more than 
 260 recent species, of which about 100 are new or not previously described; and if the 
 fossils are included the whole number will be at least 300. 
 
 P. 27, 1. 10. For ILICINLE read ILICINE.E. 
 
 P. 28, L 5 from bottom. For Bertolini read Bertoloni. 
 
 P. 30, 1. 11. For Paralia read Paralea. 
 
 1. 27. For Blum, read Blanco. 
 P. 33, 1. 4. Add, Java, Sumatra and Borneo. 
 
 L 18. Strike out Java (?). 
 P. 37, 1. 10. Strike out Mart. 
 
 1. 18, 24, 33. For caprsefolia read capresefolia. 
 P. 40, 1. 19. For 4117. Diospyros sylvatica, Koxb. read 4117. Diospyros sylvatica, Wall. 
 
 L 24. For Eoxb. read Wall. 
 
 P. 41. Insert, among the numbers of HB. GRIFFITH AND HELFER, 3620. Diospyros Horsfieldii. 
 P. 44, 1. 7. For Hendelotii read Heudelotii. 
 
288 
 
 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 P. 44. Insert 
 
 BECCARI. 18C5 1868. 
 
 No. 1399. Maba punctata. 
 
 1422. Diospyros coriacea. 
 
 1423. Maba punctata. 
 1429. Maba (?) cordata. 
 1550. Maba Maingayi. 
 1560. Diospyros graciliflora. 
 1600. Diospyros lateralis. 
 1(170. Maba merguensis. 
 1787. Diospyros pergamena. 
 1822. Maba Teijsrnanni. 
 1837. Maba(?) cordata. 
 
 1892. Diospyros discolor, Willd. 
 
 1948. Maba Beccarii. 
 
 1949. Diospyros (sp.). 
 1973. Diospyros buxifolia. 
 
 For 1854 read 1852. 
 
 Borneo, District Sarawak. 
 
 No. 2285. Diospyros rigida. 
 2486. Diospyros fuliginea. 
 
 2492. Diospyros Beccarii. 
 
 2542. Diospyros dictyoneura. 
 
 2591. Diospyros Beccarii. 
 
 2612. Diospyros asterocalyx. 
 
 2615. Diospyros dictyoneura. 
 
 3052. Cfr. Diospyros Toposia, Ham. 
 
 3101. Cfr. Diospyros. 
 
 3120. Diospyros (sp.). 
 
 3225. Diospyros plectosepala. 
 
 3455. Diospyros coriacea. 
 
 3567. Diospyros rotundiflora. 
 
 3568. Maba myrmecocalyx. 
 
 P. 44, 1. 20. 
 
 Under GERHARD AND M C KEN insert 18. Royena cordata, E. Mey. 
 P. 45. 1606. Euclea daphuoides. 
 
 1. 10. For cordata, E. Mey. read glandulosa, Harv. 
 
 At bottom, add, 1740. Cape of Good Hope. Euclea lanceolata, E. Mey. 
 P. 46. Under BOLUS add, 128. Graaf Reinet. Royena pallens, Thunb. 
 
 527. Royena cordata, E. Mey. 
 
 572. Euclea ovata, Burch. 
 
 655. Euclea undulata, Thunb. 
 
 P. 50. Under BERNIER add, 259 (excl. fr.). Madagascar. Diospyros baplostylis, Boiv. 
 P. 51, 1. 9. For Maba capreasfolia read Diospyros capresefolia, and prefix 1011. 
 P. 57, 1. 4 from bottom. After lobis insert integris. 
 P. 60, 1. 2. After equal insert entire. 
 P. 67, 1. 32. For p. 38 read p. 37. 
 P. 69, Insert 1827. Ferreola guineensis, Schum. and Thonn. Plant. Guin. p. 448. Guinea, Africa. 
 
 1. 4 from bottom. For Sweet, read Sweet,. 
 P. 72. Insert 1843. Rymia polyandra, Endl. Cat. Hort. Acad. Vindob. II. p. 123. n. 4583. 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 
 P. 73. Insert 1850. Anona macrophylla, Ung. Gen. et Sp. PI. Foss. p. 442. Croatia. 
 
 last two lines for 1850 read 1851. 
 P. 75. Insert 1861. Diospyros longifolia, Spruce in Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. V. p. 7. 
 
 South America. 
 
 1861. Diospyros glomerata, Spruce in Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. V. p. 7. South 
 America. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 289 
 
 1861. Diospyros polyandra, Spruce in Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. V. p. 7. S. America. 
 1861. Macreightia myristicoides, Spruce in Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. v. p. 8. S. America. 
 1. 6 from bottom. For Island read Islands. 
 P. 76, insert 1865. Diospyros obscura, Sap. Etud. n. p. 283 in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. V. vol. IV. 
 
 p. 138. S.E. France. 
 P. 77, insert 1868. Diospyros palreogsea, Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. Bilin in Denkschrift. Akad. Kais. 
 
 Wissensch. Math. Naturw. xxvui. p. 233. t. xxxvui. fig. 2426, 32. Bohemia. 
 1868. Diospyros bilinica, Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. Bilin in Denkschrift. Akad. Kais. Wissensch. 
 
 Math. Naturw. xxvm. p. 233. t. xxxix. fig. 17, 18. Bohemia. 
 1868. Diospyros paradisiaca, Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. Bilin in Denkschrift. Akad. Kais. 
 
 Wissensch. Math. Naturw. xxvm. p. 234. t. xxxvui. fig. 2931, 34. Bohemia. 
 1868. Macreightia microcalyx, Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. Bilin in Denkschrift. Akad. Kais. 
 
 Wissensch. Math. Naturw. xxvm. p. 234. t. xxxix. f. 2 5. 
 
 1868. Diospyros grseca, Saporta in Bull. Soc. Ge'ol. France xxv. p. 321. S. E. France. 
 1868. Diospyros styracifolia, Saporta in Bull. Soc. Ge'ol. France xxv. p. 895. S. E. France. 
 
 1868. Diospyros raminervis, Saporta in Bull. Soc. Ge'ol. France xxv. p. 895. S. E. France. 
 
 1869. Diospyros oblongifolia, Heer Braunk. v. Bornstadt in Abh. Nat. Gesell. Halle, 
 
 xi. Bd. p. 17. t. III. fig. 9. Saxony. 
 1869. Diospyros stenosepala, Heer Fl. Foss. Alaskana in Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps 
 
 Akad. Handl., Ny Foljd, vni. p. 35. t. vili. fig. 7, 8. N. America. 
 Macreightia longipes, Ettingsh. Beitr. z. Kenntn. d. Steierm. p. 58. t. IV. fig. 10, 
 
 11, ex Schimp. Pal. Veg. II. p. 954 (1872). Austria. 
 Macreightia miinzenbergensis, Ettingsh. Foss. Fl. d. alt. Braunk. d. Wetterau, 
 
 p. 59, ex Schimp. Pal. Veg. n. p. 954 (1872). Germany. 
 Diospyros prima?va, Heer Phyll. Cre"t du Nebraska, p. 19. t. i. fig. 6, 7. 
 
 N. America. 
 
 1872. Diospyros bohemica, Schimp. Tr. Pal. Ve'g. n. p. 945. n. 3. Bohemia. 
 1872. Diospyros alaskana, Schimp. Tr. Pal. Ve'g. II. p. 949. n. 17. N. America. 
 1872. Diospyros Koxburghi, Carriere in Revue Horticole, p. 253. N.E. India. 
 1872. Diospyros discreta, Saporta in Ann. Sc. Nat., ser. V. vol. xv. p. 321 (sine 
 
 descriptione). S.E. France. 
 1872. Diospyros rhododendrifolia, Saporta in Ann. Sc. Nat., ser. V. vol. XV. p. 321 
 
 (sine descriptione). S.E. France. 
 1872. Diospyros corrugata, Saporta in Ann. Sc. Nat., ser. V. vol. XV. p. 321 (sine 
 
 descriptione). S.E. France. 
 
 P. 92, 1. 7. For Stamens 1617 read Stamens 16 22. 
 P. 94, 1. 25. For Stamens 1617 read 1622. 
 PP. 95, 96. Euclea rigida, E. Mey. must be removed from E. pseudebenus, E. Mey. to 
 
 E. lancea, Thunb. 
 
 P. 99, 1. 3 from bottom. For Stamens 16 read Stamens 12 16. 
 P. 100. To the localities for EUCLEA DiviNORUM add Basuta country, T. Baines! 
 Add as a synonym of EUCLEA MULTIFLORA 
 
 Diospyros (Sp.), Salt, Voyage Abyss, p. 14 (1814) ; 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 37 
 
290 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 And among the localities for this species, add Sofala Bay, Mozambique, 19 August, 
 
 1809, SdlA! 
 
 P. 103, 1. 10 from bottom. For (1847) read (1851). 
 P. 104, 1. 13. After Fruit insert edible. 
 P. 106. To EUCLEA UNDULATA, Thunb. add Wooded chasms, Swellendam, a tree, Lichtenstein ; 
 
 Basuta country, " Tolangoola," T. Baines !. According to Thunberg, the berries when 
 
 bruised and fermented yield a vinegar. 
 P. 107, last line. After pilose insert except M. (?) cordata. 
 P. 141. In the character of MABA CORDATA insert 
 
 floribus mascidis tubidosis, 5-meris, lobis lanceolatis, calyce partita, staminibus 12, glabris, 
 
 incequalibus. 
 
 And in the description insert 
 
 $ . Flowers tubular, f in. long, pentamerous. Calyx \ in. long, partite ; lobes narrowly 
 lanceolate, glabrous inside. Corolla-tube equalling the calyx, pubescent outside above ; 
 lobes | in. long, oval-lanceolate, subacute, puberulous outside, glabrous inside. Stamens 
 12, unequal, glabrous, inserted on the receptacle ; anthers apiculate ; filaments unequal, more 
 or less combined at base. Ovary 0. Pedicels \ in. long ; bracts caducous, unequal. Borneo, 
 0. Beccari! n. 1837. 
 
 P. 142, 1. 16. For MSS. read in Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. v. p. 8 (1861). 
 P. 144. At the end of the descriptions of the species of MABA insert 
 
 EXCLUDED SPECIES OF MABA. 
 
 Maba Cargillia, F. Muell. Fragm. V. p. 162 (1866) = Diospyros Cargillia, F. Muell. 
 
 Maba pentamera, F. Muell. Fragm. V. p. 163 (1866) = Diospyros pentamera, Woolls et 
 F. Muell. 
 
 Maba quadridentata, F. Muell. Fragm. V. p. 162 (1866) = Diospyros mabacea, F. Muell. 
 P. 144, 1. 2 from bottom. Add non Solander ex Lowe Man. Fl. Madeira vol. II. p. 34 (1872). 
 P. 151, 1. 11. For glabrous read subglabrous. 
 P. 159, 1. 19. Prefix the reference Kern. Hort. Semperv. t. 64. 
 P. 161, 1. 16. Add ; non Wall. 
 P. 197, 1. 1. For Golunto read Golungo. 
 P. 201, 1. 7 from bottom. Add ; non Hort. 
 P. 218, 1. 9. After Bat. insert n. 
 
 P. 221, 1. 17. Add D. dioica, Spanoghe in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. I. p. 348 (1835). 
 P. 222. Among the localities for DIOSPYROS MONTANA, Roxb., insert 
 
 Pegu, Kurz! 3008, 3009. 
 P. 225. At end of synonymy of DIOSPYROS VIRGINIANA, Linn., add 
 
 D. stricta, Hort. ex Loud. Encycl. I.e., non Roxb. 
 
 D. digyna, Hort. ex Loud. Encycl. I.e., non Jacq. 
 P. 240, 1. 4 from bottom. Add non Heer. 
 P. 244. To the synonymy of DIOSPYROS EBENASTER Retz. add Cfr. Lolin, Valentyn, Oost-Ind. 
 
 Deel m. Stuk i. p. 223. t. LXIV (1726). 
 P. 286, 1. 7. For rhodendrifolia read rhododendrifolia. 
 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF THE LATIN NAMES. 
 
 The Numbers on the right-hand of the names denote the page* on which the names severally occur; the Numbers 
 on the left-hand, in the case of adopted specific names of recent species, denote the number of the species 
 under its genus. 
 
 Aberia tristis, Sond., 90. 
 
 ^cidium (sp.), 86. 
 
 Atnuxis (), 146, 156. 
 
 Aimona microuarpa, Jacq., 68, 144, 246. 
 
 Anona Lignituin, Ung., 73, 278. 
 
 macrophylla, TJng., 277, 288. 
 Anonacese, 62, 63, 271, tab. I. 
 Arbutus (sp.), Linn., 78, 83. 
 
 diospyrifolius, Massal., 74, 279. 
 
 Barberia () 107, 110. 
 
 Barringtonia, Forst., 285. 
 
 Bicornes, Giseke, 57. 
 
 Bignoniacese, 28. 
 
 Bixinese, 63, tab. I. 
 
 Bocagea elliptica, Hook. f. et Thorns., 270. 
 
 Borraginites myosotiflorus, Ludw., 280. 
 
 Brachycheila pubescens, Harv., 73, 90, 93. 
 
 Brachynema rauiiflorum, Benth., 65, 75. 
 
 Buxus (sp.), Linn., 78, 88. 
 
 sempervirens, Linn., 231. 
 
 Cargilia Auct. Cfr. Cargillia. 
 Cargillia, R. Br., 60, 64, 66, 144, 145, 146, 
 155. 
 
 ,, arborea, A. Cunn., 239. 
 
 australis, K. Br., 56, 64, 68, 246. 
 
 laxa, R. Br., 56, 64, 68, 211. 
 
 mabacea, F. Muell., 76, 239. 
 
 macrocarpa, Vieill, 242. 
 
 maritima, Hassk., 73, 211. 
 
 megalocarpa, F. Muell., 76, 211. 
 
 pentamera, Woolls et F. Muell., 76, 
 
 239. 
 
 Carpodinus edulis, G. Don, 271. 
 Carpophaga magnifica, Selby, 240. 
 Casasia calophylla, Rich., 126. 
 
 38 
 17 
 
 Cassia phaseolites, Heer, 75, 274. 
 Cavanilla, Auct. Cfr. Cavanillea. 
 Cavanillea, Desrouss., 144, 146, 156. 
 
 Mabolo, Lam., 69, 260. 
 
 philippensis, Desr., 67, 260. 
 Celastrineae, 63, tab. I. 
 Celastrus, L., 274. 
 
 crispus, Thunb., 69, 90, 99. 
 
 europseus, TJng., 73, 285. 
 Chailletiacese, 63, tab. i. 
 Convolvulaceae, 63, tab. I. 
 Cordia, Plum., 96. 
 Cunalon, Blanco, 197. 
 Cunalonia (), 146, 150. 
 
 Dactylus trapezuntinus, Forsk., 67, 144, 224. 
 Danzleria (), 146, 153. 
 
 axillaris, Bert., 72, 145, 231. 
 Diclidanthera, Mart., 27. 
 Diospiros, Auct. Cfr. Diospyros. 
 Diospyracese, Voigt, 57. 
 Diospyrese, 57. 
 Diospyri, Tratt., 57. 
 
 Diospyros, Linn., 30, 32, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 
 65, 66, 107, 144, 165, 184, 264, 270, 
 272, 273, 276, 280, 287, 288, tab. i. 
 acapulcensis, Kuiith, 69, 128, 270. 
 acuminata, Wall., 40, 70, 270. 
 acuta, Thw., 33, 41, 75, 149, 182. 
 affinis, Thw., 33, 41, 75, 147, 169. 
 alaskana, Schimp., 276, 278, 280, 
 
 289. 
 
 albens, Presl, 70, 127, 270. 
 ambigua, Sap., 286. 
 ambigua, Vent., 67, 86, 270. 
 amoena, Wall., 40, 70, 213. 
 amplexicaulis, Lindl. et Paxt., 74, 1 79. 
 
 372 
 
292 
 
 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Diospyros anceps, Heer, 75, 276, 277, 280. 
 angulata, Poir., 68, 178. 
 angustifolia, Lodd., 70, 225. 
 32 anonaefolia, Alph. DC., 38, 72, 148, 
 
 . 179. 
 169 apeibacarpos, Radd., 37, 60, 69, 269. 
 
 44 apiculata, Hiern, 33, 42, 149, 186. 
 152 argentea, Griff, 34, 41, 42, 74, 156, 
 
 265. 
 
 Arnottiana, Miq., 76, 171. 
 144 artanthsefolia, Mart., 37, 53, 74, 155, 
 
 255. 
 
 assimilis, Bedd., 76, 208. 
 56 asterocalyx, Hiern, 150, 193, 288. 
 
 atrata (var.), 259. 
 
 37 attenuata, Thw., 33, 41, 75, 149, 182. 
 
 76 ,, aurea, Teijsm. et Binn., 34, 54, 74, 
 
 151, 206. 
 
 Auricula, ITng., 73, 276, 280, 283. 
 auriculata, Stiehl., 280. 
 auriculata, Wight, 42, 188. 
 australis, 30, 31, 36, 46, 54, 246. 
 
 45 Barteri, Hiern, 35, 43, 149, 187. 
 25 batocana, Hiern, 31, 35, 148, 174. 
 72 Beccarii, Hiern, 151, 204, 288. 
 
 166 Bernieri, Hiern, 38, 50, 268. 
 
 Berterii, Alph. DC., 72, 127, 270. 
 
 bicolor, KL, 75, 165. 
 90 biflora, Blanco, 34, 70, 152, 217. 
 
 bilinica, Ettingsh., 276, 283, 289. 
 
 Blancoi, Alph. DC., 73, 261. 
 
 bohemica, Schimp., 283, 289. 
 58 Boivini, Hiern, 38, 150, 194. 
 
 24 borneensis, Hiern, 33, 55, 148, 173. 
 
 Boutoniana, Alph. DC., 72, 178. 
 
 brachysepala, A. Br., 73, 272, 276, 
 279, 282. 
 
 bracteata, Roxb., 69, 221. 
 
 41 - Brandisiana, Kurz, 33, 77, 149, 184. 
 
 brasiliensis, Mart., 51, 74, 244. 
 13 burmanica, Kurz, 34, 77, 147, 166. 
 
 92 buxifolia, Hiern, 34, 42, 55, 152, 218, 
 
 288. 
 1 calophylla, Hiern, 38, 50, 147, 156. 
 
 calycina, Audib., 71, 225. 
 
 calycina, Bedd., 188. 
 
 canarica, Bedd., 77, 164, 165. 
 
 Candolleana, Wight, 41, 73, 164. 
 
 Canomoi, Alph. DC., 73, 216. 
 
 Diospyros capensis, Alph. DC., 72, 178, 179. 
 
 capitulata, Wight, 73, 233. 
 142 capreajfolia, Mart., 37, 51, 155, 254, 
 
 287, 288. 
 128 Cargillia,F. Muell., 77, 155, 246, 290. 
 
 caroliniana, Muhl., 69, 225. 
 63 Carthei, Hiern, 33, 151, 198. 
 
 110 cauliflora, Blume, 34, 58, 69, 1 54, 234. 
 
 cauliflora, Mart., 142, 270. 
 105 cayenneusis, Alph. DC., 37, 72, 153, 
 
 231. 
 
 cerasifolia, D. Don, 69, 270. 
 103 chartacea, Wall., 34, 40, 70, 153, 230. 
 
 chinensis, Blume, 69, 227. 
 108 chloroxylon, Roxb., 30, 34, 40, 41, 
 
 42, 64, 67, 153, 233. 
 34 chrysophyllos, Poir., 38, 53, 68, 148, 
 
 177, 180. 
 
 99 ciliata, Alph. DC., 36, 153, 223. 
 
 ciliata, Rafin., 70, 225. 
 citrifolia, Wall., 72, 258. 
 137 coccolobffifolia, Mart., 37, 51, 53, 74, 
 
 155, 251. 
 
 Commersoni, Gaertn. fil., 68, 179. 
 96 coinorensis, Hiern, 38, 153, 220. 
 
 concolor, Moench, 67, 225. 
 conduplicata, Kunth, 69, 127, 270. 
 cordifolia, Roxb., 40, 41, 54, 67, 221, 
 222. 
 
 149 coriacea, Hiern, 156, 259, 288. 
 cormgata, Sap., 286, 289. 
 
 costata, Cam, 77, 227, 228, fig. p. 229. 
 
 150 crassiflora, Hiern, 35, 156, 260. 
 
 18 crumenata, Thw., 33, 41, 75, 147, 169. 
 
 61 Cunalon, Alph. DC., 30, 34, 60, 73, 
 
 150, 197. 
 168 cuneifolia, Hb. Delcss., 36, 268. 
 
 cupulosa, F. Muell., 77, 114, 270. 
 161 cystopus, Miq., 34, 75, 266. 
 
 71 dasyphylla, Kurz, 33, 77, 151, 203. 
 
 decandra, Boj., 244. 
 6 decandra, Lour., 31, 33, 65, 67, 147, 
 
 160, 265. 
 60 Dendo, Welw., 29, 35, 48, 60, 150, 
 
 195, tab. x. 
 
 20 densiflora, Wall., 33, 40, 70, 147, 171. 
 
 65 dictyoneura, Hiern, 150, 192, 288. 
 
 112 Diepenhorstii, Miq., 34, 58, 60, 75, 
 
 145, 154, 235. 
 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF THE LATIN NAMES. 
 
 293 
 
 Diospyros digyna, Hort., 290. 
 digyna, Jacq., 67, 244. 
 dioica, Span., 70, 290. 
 151 discolor, Willd., 29, 34, 37, 40, 42, 
 
 46, 54, 59, 68, 156, 260, 288. 
 discreta, Sap., 286, 289. 
 156 dodecandra, Lour., 34, 60, 67, 264. 
 
 dubia, Goepp., 276, 281. 
 dubia, Wall., 40, 70, 159, 160. 
 dulcis (van-.), 226. 
 
 125 Ebenaster, Retz., 29, 30, 31, 34, 36, 
 
 37, 42, 50, 67, 154, 179, 244, 290. 
 Ebenaster, Spach, 208. 
 
 78 Ebenum, Koen., 29, 34, 38, 40, 41, 
 
 42, 56, 59, 67, 151, 208, 209, 245. 
 Ebenum, Poir., 176. 
 ebenus, Auct. Cfr. D. Ebenum. 
 edulis, Lodd., 69, 244. 
 9 ehretioides, Wall., 33, 40, 70, 147, 
 
 162, 163. 
 146 emarginata, Hiern, 37, 52, 156, 256, 
 
 t. xi. 
 
 embriopteris, Blanco, 261. 
 Embryopteris, Boj., 261. 
 
 148 Embryopteris, Pers., 29, 30, 31, 34, 
 
 40, 41, 42, 43, 53, 54, 55, 68, 156, 
 257. 
 69 eriantha, Champ., 31, 33, 52, 74, 
 
 151, 202. 
 
 exculpta, Hamilt., 69, 158. 
 exsculpta, Auct, 158. Cfr. D. ex- 
 culpta, Hamilt. 
 
 fasciculosa, F. Muell., 77, 135, 270. 
 feminina, Hamilt., 73, 270. 
 ferruginea, Spltgbr., 73, 240. 
 fertilis, Lodd., 70, 225. 
 74 flavicans, Hiern, 34, 40, 41, 42, 59, 
 
 151, 205. 
 
 47 foliolosa, Wall., 30, 33, 40, 70, 150, 
 
 188. 
 
 frondosa, Wall., 40, 70, 270. 
 19 frutescens, Blume, 34, 55, 69, 134, 
 
 147, 170. 
 
 frutescens, Hassk., 193. 
 40 fuliginea, Hiern, 149, 184, 288. 
 
 86 Gavdneri, Thw., 29, 34, 41, 53, 75, 
 
 152, 214. 
 
 134 gaultheriasfolia, Mart., 37, 53, 74, 
 
 155, 250. 
 
 Diospyros geminata, F. Muell., 77, 119, 270. 
 glaberrima, Rottb., 67, 208. 
 glabi-a (var.), Alph. DC., 224. 
 glauca, Rottl., 34, 67, 233. 
 141 glomerata, Spruce, 37, 52, 155, 254, 
 
 288. 
 
 glutinifera, Wall, 69, 258. 
 glutinosa, Roxb., 69, 258. 
 Goindu, Dalz., 74, 221, 222. 
 
 133 
 
 Goudotii, Hiern, 37, 54, 155, 249. 
 
 53 graciliflora, Hiern, 150, 191, 288. 
 
 52 gracilipes, Hiern, 38, 50, 59, 150, 191. 
 
 grseca, Sap., 274, 289. 
 grandifolia, Wall., 73, 270. 
 154 grata, Wall, 34, 40, 70, 264. 
 
 guiacanaj Rob., 68, 225. 
 hseringiana, Ettingsh., 74, 273, 276, 
 
 282. 
 23 halesioides, Griseb., 37, 52, 76, 148, 
 
 173. 
 29 haplostylis, Boiv., 29, 38, 50, 148, 
 
 177, 288. 
 158 Hasseltii, Zoll., 35, 74, 265. 
 
 hebecarpa, A. Cunn., 36, 54, 56, 77, 
 
 209. 
 
 Hebenaster, Gaertn., 179, 244. 
 heterophylla,Wall., 40, 70, 221, 222, 
 
 242. 
 87 Heudelotii, Hiern, 35, 44, 152, 215, 
 
 287, tab. v. fig. 2. 
 
 hexasperma, Hasselt, 73, 123, 270. 
 hirsuta, Desf., 83, 270. 
 11 hirsuta, Linn, fil., 29, 33, 41, 42, 43, 
 
 67, 147, 163, 164, 165, 166. 
 132 hispida, Alph. DC., 37, 49, 51, 72, 
 
 155, 249. 
 57 Horsfieldii, Hiern, 33, 54, 150, 193, 
 
 287. 
 
 humilis, F. Muell., 77, 120, 270. 
 incerta, Massal., 75, 276, 278. 
 incisa, Hamilt., 69, 263. 
 inconstans, Jacq., 66, 127, 270. 
 insculpta, Hamilt., 69, 158, 159. 
 2 insignis, Thw., 29, 33, 41, 75, 147, 157. 
 
 intermedia, Hort., 71, 225, 226. 
 japonica, Sieb. et Zucc., 54, 73, 224. 
 Kaki, Blanco, 261. 
 
 102 Kaki, Linn, fil., 30, 31, 34, 41, 52, 54, 
 
 67, 153, 227, 228, fig. p. 229, 230. 
 
294 
 
 MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 65 Diospyros Kirkii, Hiern, 31, 35, 151, 199. 
 
 16 
 
 159 
 
 8 
 
 106 
 
 85 
 
 14 
 
 165 
 33 
 
 100 
 
 59 
 
 118 
 
 122 
 115 
 
 129 
 
 n 
 n 
 n 
 
 Korthalsiana, Hiern, 33, 147, 168. 
 Kuhlii, Zoll., 35, 74, 265. 
 Kurzii, Hiern, 33, 65, 147, 162. 
 Isevis, Boj., 38, 72, 153, 232, 268. 
 lancesefolia, Eoxb., 30, 34, 41, 68, 
 
 152, 213, 264. 
 
 lanceolata, Poir., 68, 131, 270. 
 lanceolate, Schimp., 278. 
 lanceolata, Wall., 40, 263. 
 lancifolia, A. Br., 74, 279. 
 lancifolia, Lesq., 278. 
 langifolia, Stiz., 279. 
 lateralis, Hiern, 147, 167, 288. 
 latifolia, Schimp., 279. 
 laurifolia, A. Rich., 37, 74, 244. 
 laurina, Massal., 75, 286. 
 
 laxa, Teijsm. et Biun., 74, 172. 
 leucocalyx, Hiern, 38, 54, 267. 
 leucomelas, Poir., 30, 38, 50, 68, 148, 
 
 179. 
 
 Lignitum, TJng., 76, 276, 278. 
 lobata, Lour., 67, 227, 228. 
 longifolia, Heer, 74, 279. 
 longifolia, Spruce, 240, 241, 288. 
 lotoides, TJng., 76, 276, 280. 
 Lotus, Blanco, 216. 
 Lotus, Linn., 30, 31, 41, 52, 54, 66, 
 
 153, 223, 226, 228, 230, 272. 
 Lotus, Lour., 195. 
 
 Loureiriana, G. Don, 35, 44, 48, 63, 
 
 70, 150, 194. 
 
 Loveni, Heer, 77, 276, 277. 
 lucida, Hort., 225. 
 lucida, Wall., 40, 70, 164. 
 lycioides, Desf., 68, 85, 270. 
 mabacea, F. Muell., 36, 77, 154, 239, 
 
 290. 
 
 Mabola, Roxb., 69, 260. 
 Mabolo, Wall., 70. 
 macrocalyx, Alph. DC., 72, 178. 
 macrocalyx, K.I., 195. 
 macrocarpa, Hiern, 38, 56, 154, 242. 
 macrocarpa, Korth., 168. 
 macrophylla, Blume, 34. 69, 154, 237. 
 macrophylla, Wall., 40, 216. 
 malabarica, Kostel., 70, 258. 
 Malacapai, Alph. DC., 30, 33, 73, 
 
 155, 247. 
 
 143 Diospyros Mannii, Hiern, 35, 44, 155, 255. 
 82 maritima, Blume, 34, 36, 52, 54, 55, 
 
 64, 69, 152, 211. 
 
 mauritiana, Alph. DC., 72, 178. 
 megalocarpa, F. Muell., 77, 211. 
 melanida, Neraud, 179. 
 30 melanida, Poir., 38, 50, 68, 148, 177, 
 
 179. 
 
 melanida, Sieber, 261. 
 melanoxylon, Blume, 172. 
 melanoxylon, Hassk., Ettingsh., 258. 
 5 melanoxylon, Roxb., 29, 31, 33, 41, 
 
 42, 43, 67, 147, 159, 160, 161. 
 melanoxylon, Willd., 208. 
 
 membranacea, Alph. DC., 72, 244. 
 12 mespiliformis, Hochst., 29, 31, 35, 
 
 43, 44, 48, 71, 147, 165,267. 
 mexicana, Scheele, 238. 
 
 microcarpa, Sieb., 224, (var.) 226. 
 microcai-pa, Span., 35, 70, 270. 
 microphylla, Bedd., 77, 218. 
 46 microrhombus, Hiern, 29, 38, 150, 
 
 187. 
 
 mollis, Wall., 30, 40, 71, 162. 
 montana, Heyne, 159. 
 97 montana, Roxb., 29, 34, 36, 40, 41, 
 
 42, 43, 67, 153, 220, 222, 290. 
 Moonii, Thw., 41, 75, 164. 
 94 Morrisiana, Hance, 31, 52, 74, 153, 
 
 219. 
 89 multiflora, Blanco, 30, 34, 57, 152, 
 
 216. 
 
 multiflora, Wall., 40, 70, 213. 
 Myosotis, TJng., 73, 274. 
 Myosotis, Web., 278. 
 myrmecocarpus, Mart., 74, 141, 270. 
 
 Neraudii, Alph. DC., 72, 178. 
 nervosa (ear.), 259. 
 nigra, Blanco, 73, 244. 
 nigricans, Dalz., 208. 
 77 nigricans, Wall, 34, 40, 41, 70, 151, 
 
 207. 
 
 nilagirica, Bedd., 77, 164. 
 31 nodosa, Poir., 38, 53, 68, 148, 178, 
 
 179. 
 
 obliqua, TJng., 76, 277, 283. 
 oblonga, G. Don, 270. 
 
 124 oblonga, Wall., 34, 40, 42, 69, 154, 
 
 243. 
 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF THE LATIN NAMES. 
 
 295 
 
 73 
 127 
 
 21 
 
 155 
 
 116 
 
 131 
 
 51 
 
 120 
 
 91 
 138 
 
 79 
 
 114 
 160 
 119 
 
 123 
 
 109 
 
 139 
 
 54 
 83 
 
 157 
 
 84 
 
 48 
 164 
 
 Diospyros oblongifolia, Heer, 276, 283, 289. 
 obovata, Jacq., 67, 197. 
 obovata, Wight, 42, 270. 
 obscura, Sap., 276, 281, 289. 
 obtusifolia, Bert., 127, 270. 
 obtusifolia, Humb. et Bonpl., 68, 244. 
 ocanensis (var.), 253. 
 octandra, Hiern, 33, 41, 167. 
 
 oleifolia, Wall., 34, 40, 70, 151, 204. 
 Olen, Hiern, 38, 55, 154, 246. 
 oligandra, Bedd., 77, 164. 
 oocarpa, Thw., 33, 41, 60, 75, 145, 
 
 148, 171. 
 oppositifolia, Thw., 30, 33, 41, 75, 
 
 147, 157. 
 
 orixeiisis, Hb. Wight, 35, 42, 264. 
 orixensis, Klein, 68, 161. 
 
 ovalifolia, Wight, 34, 41, 42, 73, 154, 
 
 237. 
 
 ovalis, Hiem, 37, 53, 155, 248. 
 palffiogEea, Ettingsh., 276, 281, 289. 
 paniculata, Dalz., 33, 43, 74, 150, 
 
 190, 263. 
 
 pannonica, Ettingsh., 74, 276, 282. 
 paradisiaca, Ettingsh., 276, 279, 289. 
 Paralea, Steud., 30, 37, 52, 53, 71, 
 
 154, 240, 241, 287. 
 Parthenon, Ung., 76, 276, 283. 
 parvifolia, Hiern, 38, 152, 217. 
 Pearcei, Hiern, 155, 252. 
 pellucida, Hiern, 34, 57, 151, 209. 
 
 pellucido-punctata (var.), 231. 
 pendula, Hasselt, 34, 73, 154, 236. 
 penduliflora, Zoll., 35, 74, 266. 
 pentamera, Woolls et F. Muell., 30, 
 
 36, 54, 77, 154, 239, 290. 
 perforata, Hiern, 34, 154, 243. 
 pergamena, Hiern, 154, 234, 288. 
 Persimon, Wikstr., 70, 225. 
 peruviana, Hiern, 52, 53, 155, 253. 
 Pervillei, Hiern, 38, 50, 150, 192. 
 ,, philippinensis, Alph. DC., 34, 57, 72, 
 
 152, 212. 
 phyllomegas, Steud., 71, 237. 
 
 pilosa, Alph. DC., 30, 35, 72, 106, 
 
 265. 
 pilosanthera, Blanco, 30, 35, 70, 152, 
 
 213. 
 
 pilosula, Wall., 33, 40, 70, 150, 188. 
 platycalyx, Hiern, 38, 50, 267. 
 
 163 Diospyros platyphylla, Welw., 35, 48, 59, 266. 
 
 67 plectosepala, Hiern, 151, 201, 288. 
 
 145 Poeppigiana, Alph. DC., 37, 52, 53, 
 
 72, 156, 256, 257. 
 64 polyalthioides, Korth., 33, 151, 198, 
 
 tab. vn. 
 136 polyandra, Spruce, 37, 52, 155, 251, 
 
 289. 
 
 primseva, Heer, 272, 276, 280, 289. 
 167 pruinosa, Hiern, 38, 59, 268. 
 
 43 pruriens, Dalz., 33, 41,43,74,149,185. 
 
 psidioides, Kunth, 69, 127, 270. 
 pterocalyx, Boj., 70, 178. 
 pubescens, Pers., 68, 83, 270. 
 pubescens, Pursh, 225, 226. 
 punctata, Decaisne, 70, 221, 222. 
 punctata, Korth., 136, 271. 
 162 pyrrhocarpa, Miq., 35, 75, 266. 
 
 26 qusesita, Thw., 30, 33, 41, 75, 148, 
 
 157, 174. 
 
 racemosa, Roxb., 69, 263. 
 Ill ramiflora, Roxb., 29, 34, 40, 58, 69, 
 
 154, 235, 236. 
 
 raminervis, Sap., 286, 289. 
 reticulata, Decaisne, 209. 
 reticulata, Sieb., 179. 
 reticulata, Wall., 208. 
 reticulata, Willd., 68, 176. 
 revoluta, Poir., 68, 244. 
 121 rhodocalyx, Kurz, 34, 77, 154, 241. 
 
 rhododendrifolia, Sap., 286, 289, 290. 
 147 rigida, Hiern, 156, 257, 288. 
 
 10 rotundiflora, Hiern, 147, 163, 288. 
 
 36 rotundifolia, Hiern, 36, 46, 148, 181. 
 
 Roxburgh!, Carr., 227, 228, 289. 
 Royena, Ung., 76, 276, 282. 
 Roylei, Auct., 159 = D. Roylii, Wall. 
 Roylii, Wall., 40, 70, 159, 160. 
 rubiginosa, Roth, 69, 159. 
 rubra, Gaertn. fil., 68, 177. 
 rugosa, Sap., 76, 284. 
 rugosula, R. Br., 56, 68, 221, 222. 
 .rugusola, Alph. DC., 221. 
 salicifolia, Humb. et Bonpl., 68, 128, 
 
 129, 271. 
 126 samoensis, A. Gr., 30, 34, 46, 75, 
 
 154, 209, 245. 
 
 Sapota, Roxb., 40, 69, 244. 
 sapotanigra, DC., 69, 244. 
 75 sapotoides, Kurz, 151, 206. 
 
296 
 
 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 Diospyros Scheuzeri, A. Br., 74, 286. 
 Schi-tse, Bunge, 70, 227. 
 senegalensis, Perr., 44, 72, 165. 
 35 senensis, Kl., 35, 43, 75, 148, 181. 
 
 sericea, Alph. DC., 51, 53, 72, 140, 
 
 269, 271. 
 
 sericocarpa, F. Muell., 77, 114, 271. 
 serrata, Hamilt., 69, 271. 
 speciosa, Wood, 77, 158. 
 130 spinosa, Hiern, 37, 155, 247. 
 
 81 Sprucei, Hiern, 37, 52, 152, 210, 
 
 tab. vin. 
 
 Sprucei (var.), 253. 
 
 95 squamosa, Boj., 38, 50, 72, 153, 220. 
 
 50 squarrosa, KL, 35, 75, 150, 190. 
 
 stenosepala, Heer, 276, 282, 289. 
 stricta, Hort., 290. 
 68 stricta, Roxb., 33, 40, 41, 60, 68, 
 
 151, 201. 
 
 styracifolia, Sap., 286, 289. 
 42 subacuta, Hiern, 38, 149, 185. 
 
 49 suberifolia, Decaisne, 150, 189. 
 
 135 subrotata, Hiern, 37, 49, 155, 250. 
 
 113 sumatrana, Miq., 34, 74, 154, 236. 
 
 7 sylvatica, Roxb., 29, 33, 41, 65, 67, 
 
 147, 161, 287. 
 sylvatica, Wall., 40, 221, 287. 
 
 Tallak (var.), 134. 
 28 tessellaria, Poir., 29, 31, 38, 68, 148, 
 
 175, 176, 177. 
 80 tetrandra, Hiern, 37, 152, 210, tab. VI. 
 
 tetrandra, Span., 71, 211. 
 62 tetraspenna, Sw., 37, 52, 53, 67, 
 
 151, 197. 
 117 texana, Scheele, 32, 36, 51, 52, 73, 
 
 154, 238. 
 
 Teysmanni, Miq., 75, 203. 
 107 ' Thouarsii, Hiern, 38, 153, 232. 
 
 r, Thwaitesii, Bedd., 77, 164. 
 timoriana, Miq., 35, 74, 176, 209. 
 tomentosa, Poir., 68, 233, 242. 
 tomentosa, Roxb., 40, 158. 
 153 Toposia, Hamilt., 34, 41, 53, 59, 69, 
 
 145, 156, 263, 288. 
 
 27 toxicaria, Hiern, 30, 38, 44, 148, 175. 
 
 39 tricolor, Hiern, 35, 149, 183, tab. v. 
 
 fig. 1. 
 
 22 truncata, Zoll. et Mor., 29, 33, 54, 
 
 55, 73, 148, 172. - 
 
 
 II 
 
 II 
 ft 
 
 4 Diospyros Tupru, Buch., 29, 31, 33, 68, 147, 
 
 158, 159. 
 
 tyracifolia, Saporta, 286. 
 Umlovok, Griff, 73, 224. 
 88 . undulata, Wall., 34, 40, 41, 42, 70, 
 
 152, 215. 
 
 vaccinifolia, Ettingsh., 230. 
 104 vaccinioides, Lindl., 31,34, 40, 41, 
 
 52, 54, 55, 69, 153, 230. 
 varians, Sap., 76, 276, 281. 
 70 variegate, Kurz, 34, 77, 151, 203, 223. 
 
 66 velutina, Hiern, 36, 37, 50, 51, 53, 
 
 54, 151, 200. 
 velutina (var), 221. 
 venosa, Wall., 40, 70, 270, 271. 
 vernalis (var.), 195. 
 15 verrucosa, Hiern, 35, 147, 167. 
 
 93 Vescoi, Hiern, 38, 152, 218. 
 
 vetusta, Giebel, 75, 276, 277. 
 101 virginiana, Linn., 30, 32, 52, 58, 66, 
 
 153, 223, 224, 228, 230, 290. 
 virginica, Auct. Cfr. D. virginiana. 
 virginica dulcis, 271. 
 
 Waldemarii, KL, 75, 221, 222. 
 Weberi, Stiehl. Cfr. D. Weberii. 
 Weberii, MassaL, 75, 276, 278. 
 140 Weddellii, Hiern, 37, 51, 155, 253. 
 
 Wightiana, Wall., 40, 70, 159, 160. 
 Wodani, Ung., 73, 276, 277. 
 170 xylopioides, Mart, 37, 74, 269. 
 
 Zollikoferi, Ung., 76, 277, 284. 
 98 Zollingeri, Hiern, 34, 43, 55, 59, 
 
 153, 222. 
 
 (sp.) Bedd., 222. 
 (sp.) Salt., 271, 289. 
 Diospyrus, Roxb. Cfr. Diospyros. 
 Diplonema, G. Don, 27, 90. 
 
 ambigua, G. Don, 71, 86. 
 elliptica, G. Don, 71, 92. 
 Drebbelia subarborescens, Zoll., 65, 75. 
 Dyospyros, Dumort. Cfr. Diospyros. 
 Ebenacites rugosus, Sap., 75, 272, 277, 284. 
 Ebenoxylon, Auct. Cfr. Ebenoxylum. 
 Ebenoxylum vennn, Lour., 67, 122. 
 Ebenus, Commers., 144, 146, 148. 
 Ebenus, Rumph., 122. Cfr. Maba. 
 leucomelas, Commers., 68, 179. 
 melanida, Commers., 68, 178. 
 tessellaria, Commers., 68, 176. 
 
MR HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 297 
 
 Ehretia ferrea, Willd., 67, 107, 117. 
 Elaeis guineensis, Jacq., 107. 
 Embryopteris, Gaertn., 144. 
 
 discolor, G. Don, 70, 261. 
 
 gelatinifera, G. Don, 70, 258. 
 
 glutenifera, Wight, 258. 
 
 glutinifera, Roxb., 67, 258. 
 
 Kaki, G. Don, 71, 227. 
 
 Loureiriana, G. Don, 71, 264, 
 
 peregrina, Gaertn., 67, 258. 
 
 racemosa, G. Don, 71, 263. 
 
 Ericaceae, 63, tab. i. 
 
 Ermellinus, Csesalp., 144, 146, 151, 223. 
 Erycibe glomerata, Wall., 40. 
 Erycibese, 63, tab. i. 
 
 Euclea, Linn., 27, 32, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 
 65, 66, 90, 144, 273, 275, tab. i. 
 
 4 acutifolia, E. Mey., 36, 71, 92, 94. 
 angustifolia, Benth., 73, 96. 
 
 Apollinis, Ung., 76, 275. 
 
 14 bilocularis, Hiern, 35, 92, 102. 
 Burchellii (var.), 105. 
 
 3 coriacea, Alph. DO, 36, 46, 47, 72, 90, 
 91, 92, 94, 99. 
 
 16 daphnoides, Hiern, 36, 45, 49, 92, 102, 
 
 288. 
 desertorum, Eckl. et Zeyh., 73, 97. 
 
 10 divinorum, Hiern, 31, 35, 36, 46, 92, 
 
 98, 99, 289. 
 
 Dregeaua, Alph. DC., 72, 93. 
 elliptica, Alph. DC., 72, 92. 
 ferrugiuea, Beruh., 72, 93. 
 
 12 fructuosa, Hiern, 35, 92, 101. 
 herbacea, Lour., 67, 106. 
 
 humilis, Eckl. et Zeyh., 73, 105, 106. 
 
 17 Kellau, Hochst., 35, 44, 71, 92, 103. 
 Kraussiana, Bernh., 72, 93. 
 
 5 lancea, Thunb., 36, 67, 92, 95, 96. 
 
 8 lanceolata, E. Mey., 35, 36, 44, 45, 46, 
 47, 48, 49, 71, 92, 96, 97, 272, 288. 
 7 linearis, Zeyh., 36, 47, 73, 92, 96. 
 
 15 macrophylla, E. Mey., 36, 44, 45, 46, 
 
 71, 92, 102. 
 
 macrophylla, E. Mey. d., 101. 
 miocenica, Ung., 76, 275. 
 
 11 multiflora, Hiern, 35, 36, 44, 45, 46, 
 
 47, 48, 49, 92, 100, 271, 289, tab. m. 
 myrtina, Burch., 49, 69, 105, 106. 
 
 13 natalensis, Alph. DC., 36, 72, 92, 101. 
 
 VOL. XII. PART I. 
 
 Euclea ochrocarpa, E. Mey., 72, 97. 
 9 ovata, Burch., 36, 48, 49, 58, 69, 91, 
 
 92, 98, 288. 
 pilosa, Lour., 67, 106, 265. 
 
 1 polyandra, E. Mey., 36, 46, 47, 49, 71, 
 
 90, 92. 
 6 pseudebenus, E. Mey., 30, 35, 36, 46, 
 
 48, 71, 92, 95. 
 pubescens, Eckl. et Zeyh., 73, 93. 
 
 18 racemosa, Linn., 30, 36, 46, 47, 48, 49, 
 
 52, 67, 92, 103, 104. 
 relicta, Ung., 77, 272, 275. 
 rigida, E. Mey., 71, 96. 
 rufescens, E. Mey., 71, 99. 
 
 2 tomentosa, E. Mey., 36, 48, 71, 92, 93. 
 
 19 undulata, Thunb., 30, 31, 36, 45, 47, 
 
 48, 49, 67, 92, 105, 288, 290. 
 n. 9140, E. Mey., 94. 
 Euphorbiacese, 63, 106, tab. i. 
 Eurya acuminata, DC., 271. 
 
 symplocina, Blume, 270. 
 Extractum Diospyri, 259. 
 Ferreola, Roxb., 59, 107, 108. 
 
 buxifolia, Roxb., 67, 117. 
 
 guineensis, Schum. etThonn., 117, 288. 
 Ferriola buxifolia, Roxb. 69, 107, 117. 
 Ficus (sp.), Ksempf., 144, 227. 
 Fornasinia ebenifera, Bertol., 28. 
 Garcinia malabarica, Desr., 67, 144, 258. 
 Getonia macroptera, Ung., 73, 279. 
 
 petraesefolia, Schimp., 279. 
 
 petrseasformis, Ung., 279. 
 
 truncata, Goepp., 74, 279. 
 Guaiacana, Tourn., 144, 146, 150. 
 Guaiacanse, Juss., 57. 
 Guaiacum (sp.) Gerarde, 144, 223. 
 Guat'teria flavicans, Wall., 70, 145, 205. 
 Gunisanthus, Alph. DC., 63, 64, 66, 145,146,150. 
 
 pilosulus, Alph. DC., 72, 189. 
 
 Hebenaster, Rumph., 144, 244. 
 Highulaenda, Herm., 117. 
 Holochilus, Dalz., 64, 107, 109. 
 
 micranthus, Dalz., 74, 133. 
 
 Humiriacese, 63, tab. i. 
 Hydrocharis ovata, Ludw., 285. 
 Ilicinese, 27, 62, 287, tab. I. 
 Juglans acuminata, Ludw., 280. 
 ventricosa, Ludw., 280. 
 Juniperus communis, L., 96. 
 
 38 
 
298 
 
 MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^. 
 
 Kellaua Schimperi, Alph. DC., 71, 90, 103. 
 
 Labatia Scheuzeri, A. Br., 286. 
 
 Laurinese, 63, 270, tab. I. 
 
 Leguminosse, 28. 
 
 Leucoxilon laurinum, E. Mey., 71. (Eaxl.). 
 
 Leucoxylon, Auct. Cfr. Lexicoxylum. 
 
 Leucoxylum, Blume, 64, 66, 144, 146, 152. 
 
 buxifolium, Blume, 27, 69, 218. 
 
 Lignum Vitse, Gerarde, 144, 223. 
 Loeselia, L., 78. 
 Lotus (sp.), Camer., 144, 223. 
 Maba, Forst., 30, 32, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 
 66, 106, 270, 273, 285, 287, 290, tab. i. 
 37 abyssiuica, Hiern, 35, 44, 109, 132. 
 30 acapulcensis, Hiern, 36, 50, 109, 128, 
 
 129, 270. 
 
 4 acuminata, Hiern, 32, 108, 112. 
 28 albens, Hiern, 36, 50, 109, 126, 270. 
 23 Andersoni, Sol., 32, 76, 108, 124. 
 
 angustifolia, Miq., 75, 117. 
 52 Beccarii, Hiern, 110, 140, 288. 
 12 buxifolia, Pers., 29, 30, 31, 32, 35, 36, 
 38, 40, 41, 42, 44, 48, 50, 56, 64, 68, 
 108, 116, 123. 
 
 Cargillia, F. Muell., 76, 246, 290. 
 26 caribsea, Hiern, 37, 52, 109, 125. 
 57 cauliflora, Hiern, 37, 58, 110, 142, 270. 
 18 compacta, R. Br., 36, 57, 68, 108, 121,124. 
 44 confertinora, Hiern, 33, 55, 110, 136. 
 54 cordata, Hiern, 110, 141, 288, 290. 
 Cumingiana, Alph. DC., 57, 73, 117. 
 cupulosa, F. Muell., 76, 114. 
 1 diffusa, Hiern, 38, 50, 108, 111. 
 Ebenoxylon, G. Don, 71, 123. 
 Ebehus, Spreng., 69, 123. 
 Ebenus, Wight, 117. 
 20 elliptica, Forst., 32, 38, 56, 67, 108, 122, 
 
 125, 270. 
 
 " elliptica, Seem., 116, 118. 
 42 fascioulosa, F. Muell., 36, 38, 55, 56, 76, 
 
 110, 135, 270. 
 
 7 foliosa, Rich., 38, 56, 75, 108, 113. 
 15 geminata, R. Br., 30, 36, 54, 56, 68, 108, 
 
 117, 119, 270. 
 glabrescens (var.), 118. 
 granatensis (var.), 128. 
 
 25 Grisebachii, Hiern, 37, 52, 109, 125. 
 guineensis, Alph. DC., 73, 116, 117. 
 3 hemicycloides, F. Muell., 36, 77, 108, 1 1 1. 
 
 47 Maba hermaphroditica, Zoll., 33, 55, 74, 110, 
 
 137. 
 
 58 Hilairei, Hiern, 37, 54, 110, 143. 
 
 19 Hillebrandii, Seem., 38, 55, 76, 108, 122. 
 
 16 humilis, R. Br., 36, 56, 68, 108, 119, 
 
 120, 270. 
 29 inconstans, Griseb., 37, 50, 51, 52, 53, 
 
 54, 76, 109, 127, 201, 270. 
 interstans, F. Muell., 76, 121. 
 27 intricata, Hiern, 32, 50, 109, 126. 
 
 48 javanica, Zoll., 33, 74, 110, 138. 
 
 40 lamponga, Miq., 33, 59, 75, 107, 110, 133. 
 
 13 lancea, Hiern, 35, 107, 108, 118. 
 
 35 lanceolate, Hiern, 38, 109, 131, 270. 
 9 laurina, R. Br., 36, 56, 68, 108, 115. 
 
 laxiflora, Benth., 77, 135. 
 
 littorea, R. Br., 56, 68, 117. 
 
 madagascariensig, Alph. DC., 73, 117. 
 
 49 Maingayi, Hiern, 33, 42, 110, 138, 288. 
 24 major, G. Forst., 31, 32, 67, 108, 124, 125. 
 33 Mannii, Hiern, 35, 43, 44, 109, 129. 
 
 megalocarpa, F. Muell., 76, 211. 
 
 59 Mellinoni, Hiern, 37, 110, 143. 
 
 41 merguensis, Hiern, 33, 41, 110, 134, 
 
 288. 
 
 39 micrantha, Hiern, 33, 109, 133. 
 microphylla (var.), 117. 
 
 50 Motleyi, Hiern, 33, 55, 110, 139. 
 
 2 Mualata, Welw., 30, 35, 48, 108, 111. 
 56 myi-isticoides, Hiern, 37, 52, 110, 142. 
 
 51 myrmecocalyx, Hiern, 110, 139, 288. 
 
 55 myrmecocarpa, Hiem, 37, 110, 141, 
 270. 
 
 36 natalensis, Harv., 36, 44, 76, 109, 131. 
 neilgherrensis, Wight, 73, 117. 
 
 10 nigrescens, Dalz., 32, 43, 75, 108, 115. 
 
 5 oblongifolia, Hiern, 32, 108, 112. 
 
 14 obovata, R. Br., 36, 56, 68, 107, 108, 
 
 119. 
 obovata (var.), 128. 
 
 6 ovalifolia, Hiem, 32, 59, 108, 113. 
 32 Pavonii, Hiem, 36, 109, 129. 
 
 pentamera, F. Muell., 76, 239, 290. 
 45 pimctata, 'Hiern, 33, 55, 107, 110, 136, 
 271, 288, tab. iv. 
 
 quadridentata, F. Muell., 76, 239, 290. 
 38 quiloensis, Hiern, 35, 109, 132. 
 
 17 reticulata, R. Br., 36, 57, 68, 108, 121, 
 
 122. 
 
MB HIERN, ON EBENACE^E. 
 
 299 
 
 Maba revoluta, Vieill., 56, 114. 
 8 rufa, Labill., 36, .38, 56, 69, 108, 114, 
 
 123, 270, 271. 
 
 43 ruminata, Hiern, 38, 56, 110, 135. 
 31 salicifolia, Hiern, 109, 129, 271. 
 11 sandwicensis, Alph. DC., 38, 55, 73, 
 
 108, 116. 
 53 sericea, Hiern, 37, 49, 110, 140, 270, 
 
 271. 
 
 sericocarpa, F. Mnell., 76, 114. 
 34 Seychellarum, Hiern, 38, 50, 107, 109, 
 
 130. 
 Smeathmanni, Alph. DC., 73, 117. 
 
 21 sumatrana, Miq., 33, 55,74,108, 123, 124. 
 46 Teijsmanni, Hiern, 33, 110, 137, 288. 
 
 vaccinisefolia, Benth., 73, 117. 
 
 22 Vieillardi, Hiern, 38, 56, 108, 124. 
 Mabba, Mason. Cfr. Maba. 
 
 Macreightia, Alph. DC., 64, 66, 107,109,273, 285. 
 
 acapulcensis, Alph. DC., 72, 128. 
 
 acuminata, Thw., 41, 76, 112. 
 
 albens, Alph. DC., 72, 127. 
 
 andamanica, (Kurz), 77, 124. 
 
 buxifolia, Griseb., 76, 125. 
 
 caribsea, Alph. DC., 72, 126. 
 
 caribsea, Griseb., 126. 
 
 conduplicata, Alph. DC., 72, 127. 
 
 germanica, Heer, 75, 284. 
 
 inconstans, Alph. DC., 72, 127. 
 
 intricata, A. Gr., 75, 126. 
 
 italica, Massal., 75, 286. 
 
 longipes, Ettingsh., 284, 285, 289. 
 
 microcalyx, Ettingsh., 284, 285, 
 
 289. 
 
 raiinzenbergensis, Ettingsh., 284, 
 
 285, 289. 
 
 myristicoides, Spruce, 142, 289. 
 
 oblongifolia, (Kurz), 124. ' 
 
 oblongifolia, Thw., 41, 75, 112. 
 
 obovata, Mart., 74, 127. 
 
 ovalifolia, Thw., 41, 76, 113. 
 
 Pavonii, Alph. DC., 72, 129. 
 
 psidioides, Alph. DC., 72, 127. 
 
 umbellata, Massal., 75, 286. 
 
 Macreigthia, Stiehl. Cfr. Macreightia. 
 Magnoliacese, 63, tab. I. 
 
 Marcreightia, Kurz, 124. Cfr. Macreightia. . 
 Melonia (), 146, 147, 235. 
 Monodora microcarpa, Duoal, 69, 144, 246. 
 
 Myrsine Kellau, Hochst., 71, 90, 103. 
 
 Myrsineas, 63, tab. I. 
 
 Noltia, Schum., 64, 144, 146, 149. 
 
 Noltia tricolor, Schum. et Thonn., 69, 183. 
 
 Olacineae, 61, 63, 65, tab. L 
 
 Olax, L., 65. 
 
 Oleacese, 63, tab. I. 
 
 Padus (sp.), Burm., 90, 104. 
 
 Paralea, Aubl., 144, 146, 154. 
 
 guianensis, Aubl., 67, 240. 
 guyannensis, Aubl., 240. 
 Paralia guianensis, Desv., 240. 
 Patonia (), 146, 152. 
 
 Walkerii, Wight, 71, 145, 214. 
 Pishamin, Parkins., 144, 225. 
 Pisonia buxifolia,. Rottb., 67, 107, 117. 
 Pistachia (sp.), Plukn., 78, 80. 
 Plumeria Flos-Saturni, Ung., 73, 277. 
 Porana, Burm., 274, 284. 
 Pseudo lotus, Cam., 144, 223. 
 Rhipidostigma, Hassk., 64, 107, 110. 
 
 Teijsmanni, Hassk., 74, 137. 
 
 Zollingeri, Hassk., 74, 138. 
 
 Rhododendron Apollinis, Ettingsh., 76, 275. 
 Rospidios, Alph. DC., 64, 66, 145, 146, 155. 
 vaccinioides, Alph. DC., 72, 230. 
 Royena, Linn., 28, 32, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 65, 66, 
 
 78, 79, 84, 195, 273, tab. i. 
 Amalthese, Ung., 77, 273, 274. 
 
 8 ambigua,Vent., 36,47,67,79,84,86,270. 
 angustifolia, Willd., 67, 83. 
 brachiata, E. Mey., 71, 85. 
 
 10 cistoides, Welw., 35, 48, 78, 79, 87. 
 
 2 cordata, E. Mey., 35, 36, 44, 45, 49, 71, 
 
 79, 81, 82, 288. 
 
 cuneata, Poir., 68, 83. 
 
 cuneata, Spreng., 85. 
 
 cuneifolia, E. Mey., 71, 85. 
 
 decidua, Burch., 48, 49, 69, 85. 
 
 euboea, Ung., 77, 273, 274. 
 
 falcata, E. Mey., 72, 88. 
 
 11 ' glabra, Linn., 36, 46, 47, 48, 49, 66, 79, 
 
 88. 
 
 13 glandulosa, Harv., 36, 79, 89, 288, tab. n. 
 gweca, Ung., 77, 273, 274. 
 hirsuta, Eckl., 81. 
 hirsuta, Jacq., 85. 
 
 5 hirsuta, Linn., 36, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 
 66, 79, 83, 270, 272. 
 
 382 
 
300 
 
 MR HIERN, ON EBENACEJE. 
 
 12 
 
 Royena hirsuta, Sieb., 88. 
 
 hispidula, Harv., 85, 86. 
 
 latifolia, WUld., 68, 84, 90. 
 
 lucida, Linn., 30, 35, 36, 45, 46, 49, 66, 
 
 79, 80. 
 
 lycioides, Desf., 69, 85. 
 
 , macrophylla, E. Mey., 72, 101. 
 
 media, Hort., 71, 90. 
 
 ,, microphylla, Burch., 48, 49, 69, 83. 
 
 Myosotis, Ung., 77, 273, 274, 284. 
 
 myrtifolia, Wendl., 69, 88. 
 
 nitens, Harv., 36, 45, 79, 87. 
 
 oleifolia, Desf., 85. 
 
 opaca, E. Mey., 71, 81. 
 
 pallens, Thunb., 35, 36, 44, 45, 46, 47, 
 
 48, 49, 67, 78, 79, 85, 86, 87, 270, 
 
 288. 
 
 parviflora, Hiern, 36, 45, 63, 78, 79, 88. 
 
 Pentelici, Ung., 77, 273, 275. 
 
 polyandra, Linn, fil., 67, 90, 92. 
 
 polyandra, ft, Pera., 86. 
 
 pubescens, Willd., 68, 85. 
 
 ramulosa, E. Mey., 72, 85. 
 
 rufescens, E. Mey., 71, 99. 
 
 rugosa, E. Mey., 71, 83. 
 
 scabra, Burm., 66, 82. 
 
 scabrida, Harv., 35, 45, 79, 82. 
 
 scandens, Burch., 49, 82. 
 
 sericea, Bernh., 72, 85. 
 
 Bessilifolia, Hiern, 36, 78, 79, 84, 90. 
 
 supra-cordata, Burch., 49, 81. 
 
 4 Royena villosa, Linn., 35, 36, 44, 45, 47, 49, 66, 
 
 79, 82. 
 
 (sp.) n. 15, Eckl. et Zeyh., 90. 
 (sp.) n. 9140, Drege, 90, 94. 
 Royenia, Auct., 78. Cfr. Royena. 
 Rymia, Endl., 90. 
 
 polyandra, Endl., 92, 288. 
 Sapota nigra, Blanco, 70, 145, 244. 
 Sapotacese, 62, 63, 270, tab. I. 
 Sphseria (sp.), 100. 
 Staphylodendron, Herm., 78, 80. 
 Staphylodendrum, Commelin., 78, 80. 
 Sterculiaceae, 28. 
 Styracew, 27, ^62, 63, tab. I. 
 Tamarix, L., 96, 98. 
 Ternstroemiacese, 62, 63, tab. i. 
 1 Tetraclis clusisefolia, Hiern, 27, 32, 38, 50, 60, 
 
 61, 63, 65, 271, tab. i., tab. xi. 
 Tetrapteris Harpyiarum, Ung., 73, 27.9. 
 Tiliacese, 63, tab. i. 
 Trichanthera (), 64, 107, 110. 
 Vaccinia, Adans., 57. 
 Vaccinium (sp.), 78, 145. 
 
 fragrans, Wall., 73, 230. 
 
 pensylvanicum, Mill., 66, 88. 
 
 Sprengelii, Wall., 230. 
 
 Viola, L., 285. 
 
 Vitia Idsea (sp.), Plukn., 78, 88. 
 Ximenia americana, L., 98. 
 Xylopia frutescens, Aubl., 269. 
 
 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 
 
 EBENACK^E, 3*1 ; economic products, 28 ; geographical 
 distribution, 31 ; lists of numbered collections, 39; 
 description of the family, 57; affinities, 61, tab. i.; 
 genera, 63 ; brief history of the specific names, 65 ; 
 chronological list of published specific names with 
 references and localities, 66 ; description of the 
 
 genera and species exclusive of fossils, 78 ; Royena, 
 78, t. n. ; Euclea, 90, t. in. ; Maba, 106, t. iv. ; 
 Diospyros, 144, tt. v x; imperfectly known 
 species of Diospyros, 264 ; Tetraclis, 271, t. xi. ; 
 fossil Ebenacese, 272 ; additions and corrections, 
 287; alphabetical index of the Latin names, 291. 
 
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 Hiern, W.P. 
 
 A monograph of 
 
 Ebenaceae, 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 
 DAVIS